Improvements in Centrifugal Machines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 30th Mar., 1894
Complete Specihcation Left, 24th Dec., 1894- lccepted, 26th Jan., 1895
Improvements in Centrifugal Machines.
1, EDMOND MARDOCHÉE LEVY-SAMSON, of 59, Rue de Maubeuge, Paris,
France, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
more
My invention relates to improvements in centrifugal machines and
especially those known as continuous acting machines. These improvements,
whether employed in combination or separately, have for their object to render
more commercially practical the various treatments to which the matters, and
more particularly those whose constituents have different densities, are to he
subjected.
In order that the nature of the improvements may be more readily understood,
I have illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawing, an apparatus
for separating the liquid portion from a semi-fluid mass and desiccating the solid
residue, such an apparatus combining all the characteristic features of my system.
Figure 1 is a central vertical section of the apparatus complete.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same, on line 1-2.
Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, shew different modifications of the diaphragms hereinafter
described.
The apparatus, which is a hydro-extractor, comprises a conical peripheral
portion B mounted between two revolving plates B2 B3. The upper plate B
carries the distributor M of which the accessory parts and the number of emission
orifices may be varied, to suit the purpose and especially according as a suitable
liquid, steam, or gas, is employed in the treatment of the matters. In any case
the distributor M is in one with the receptacle formed by the periphery B and
discs B2 B3 and is revolved therewith by the hollow vertical shaft N upon which
disc B³ is mounted. The disc B³ is provided with apertures B₁ for the escape of
the strained liquid, as will be hereinafter explained. Within the receptacle B are
arranged a suitable number of compartments formed by vertical walls A radial to
the centre of the apparatus and fixed to plates A' A². Each compartment A has
within it two filtering surfaces C placed at an inclination to one another, as
represented in Figure 1, each of said surfaces extending from the inner extremity
of the radial divisions A to an endless apron T. These compartments together
constitute the drum which by means of the supporting plate A2 is mounted on
the central shaft N' which is driven at a different speed to the surrounding hollow
shaft N. The flexible apron T rotates with the drum and at the same speed; it
is carried by the spindles of sets of endless pitch chains E¹ E³ whose links gear
with two toothed rings D¹ D' upon the discs A1 A2 respectively. The chains E¹ E

page_text: have guide rollers placed between each link, and the vertical axes O of said rollers
are common to both chains.
As shewn more particularly in Figure 2, the entire system of chains with their
apron T pass around rollers a mounted at either side of the outlet apertures b for
the matters. At each of these points the direction of motion of the chains is
reversed, so that they pass out of the field of action of the machine to enter it
again at the other aperture. The rollers a also serve to keep the aprons in
tension.
The endless system above described may also be supported by the aid of a third
chain E whose links carry the axes of the guide rollers G³ G' which roll upon a
path H fixed upon the inner surface of the conical periphery B, the chains on
passing outside the periphery bearing against a path H₁ upon the exterior of the
periphery B. The chains E¹ E2 are similarly guided on passing to the outside of
the casing, by their rollers travelling in grooves J¹ J2 formed in the top and
bottom plates B² B³.
I have shewn in Figure 1 an arrangement of differential gear consisting of a
worm wheel r driven by a worm s which receives motion from a variable throw
ratchet and pawl gear t. As it is to be understood that any other mechanical
arrangement may be employed for producing the differential movement of
shafts N N', it will be unnecessary to further particularize the arrangement shewn
in the drawing.
The operation of the machine is as follows :-When one of the compartments A
passes one of the outlets from distributor M it receives the matters to be treated.
The supply to each compartment is limited by the predetermined differential
motion, between the speed of rotation of the distributor and that of the series of
compartments constituting the basket; the compartment continues its motion and
receives from the distributor, under similar conditions, the liquid fluid or gaseous
agents required for effecting the desired treatment. The centrifugal force acting
upon the matters introduced into each compartment tends to project and retain the
more solid portion of the mass against the surface of the apron T while the liquid
portion escapes through the filtering surfaces C. The liquid enters the space
enclosed by the periphery B whence it is discharged into one of the chambers of
the stationary trough P.
The compartment under consideration, next arrives at aperture where the
apron T and its carrying devices turn around the roller a, thus uncovering the
open end of the compartment, so as to allow the solid matters to escape into
the stationary trough, whence they are removed by means of a suitable scraper.
The compartment continuing to revolve, is then again closed a second time by the
other endless apron T, which is exactly similar to that previously described, an I
so on for all the other compartments A.
It is to be understood that the filtering surfaces C of the compartments, may be
varied in their nature and arrangement according to the kind of treatment to be
effected, and similarly as regards the apron T which for certain purposes may
be made to serve as a filtering medium. Figures 3 and 4 shew these modifications
of the filtering media C which is made compound instead of single as before.
Figure 4 shews how the filtering action may be increased by doubling back the
filtering surfaces C on the periphery.
For the separation of certain matters there may be in each compartment an open
chamber (Figures 5 and 6) having solid walls into which the denser matters are
projected by centrifugal action, while the more fluid portion passes through the
filtering surfaces C.
Dated this 30th day of March 1894
E. M. LÉVY-SAMSON,
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.

page_text: Improvements in Centrifugal Machines.
I, EDMOND MArdochée Levy-SAMSON, of 59, Rue de Maubeuge, Paris,
France, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in centrifugal machines and more
especially those known as continuous acting machines. These improvements,
whether employed in combination or separately, have for their object to render
more commercially practical the various treatments to which the matters, and
more particularly those whose constituents have different densities, are to be
subjected.
In order that the nature of the improvements may be more readily understood,
I have illustrated, by way of example, in the drawings accompanying my
Provisional Specification, an apparatus for separating the liquid portion from a
semi-fluid mass and desiccating the solid residue, such an apparatus combining all
the characteristic features of my system.
Figure 1 is a central vertical section of the apparatus complete.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same, on line 1-2.
Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, shew different modifications of the diaphragms hereinafter
described.
The apparatus, which is a hydro-extractor, comprises a conical peripheral
portion B mounted between two revolving plates B2, B³. The upper plate B²
carries the distributor M of which the accessory parts and the number of emission
orifices may be varied to suit the purpose and especially according as a suitable
liquid, steam, or gas, is employed in the treatment of the matters. In any case
the distributor M is in one with the receptacle formed by the periphery B and
dises B2, B3, and is revolved therewith by the hollow vertical shaft N upon which
disc B³ is mounted. The disc B³ is provided with apertures B₁ for the escape of
the strained liquid as will be hereinafter explained. Within the receptacle Bare
arranged a suitable number of compartments formed by vertical walls A radial to
the centre of the apparatus and fixed to plates A', A². Each compartment A has
within it two filtering surfaces C placed at an inclination to one another, as
represented in Figure 1, each of said surfaces extending from the inner extremity
of the radial divisions A to an endless apron T. These compartments together
constitute the drum which by means of the supporting plate A2 is mounted on
the central shaft N' which is driven at a different speed to the surrounding hollow
shaft N. The flexible apron T rotates with the drum and at the same speed; it
is carried by the spindles O of sets of endless pitch chains E', E2, whose links
gear with two toothed rings D', D2, upon the discs A1, A2, respectively. The
chains E', E2, have guide rollers placed between each link and the vertical axes O
of said rollers are common to both chains.
As shewn more particularly in Figure 2, the entire system of chains with their
apron T pass around rollers a mounted at either side of the cutlet apertures b
for the matters. At each of these points the direction of motion of the chains is
reversed, so that they pass out of the field of action of the machine to enter it
again at the other aperture. The rollers a also serve to keep the aprons in
tension.
The endless system of chains above described may also be supported by the
aid of a third chain E³ whose links carry the axes of the guide rollers G³, G
which roll upon a path H fixed upon the inner surface of the conical periphery B,
the chains on passing outside the periphery bearing against a path H' upon the
exterior of the periphery B. The chains E', E2, are similarly guided on passing

page_text: to the outside o1 the casing by their rollers travelling in grooves J', J', formed
in the top and bottom plates B2, B³.
I have shewn, in Figure 1, an arrangement of differential gear consisting of a
worm wheel driven by a worms which receives motion from a variable throw
ratchet and pawl gear t. As it is to be understood that any other mechanical
arrangement may be employed for producing the differential movement of
shafts N, N', it will be unnecessary to further particularize the arrangement shewn
in the drawing.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-When one of the compartments A
passes one of the outlets from distributor M, it receives the matters to be treated.
The supply to each compartment is limited by the predetermined differential
speed of rotation of the distributor and that of the series of compartments con-
stituting the basket; the compartment continues its motion and receives from the
distributor under similar conditions the liquid, fluid, or gaseous agents required
for effecting the desired treatment. The centrifugal force acting upon the matters
introduced into each compartment tends to project and retain the more solid portion
of the mass against the surface of the apron T, while the liquid portion escapes
through the filtering surfaces C. The liquid enters the space enclosed by the
periphery B whence it is discharged into one of the chambers of the stationary
trough P. The compartment under consideration next arrives at aperture Ŏ
where the apron T and its carrying devices turn around the roller a thus
uncovering the open end of the compartment so as to allow the solid matters to
escape into the stationary trough whence they are removed by means of a suitable
scraper. The compartment continuing to revolve, is then again closed by the other
endless apron T which is exactly similar to that previously described and so on
for all the other compartments A.
It is to be understood that the filtering surfaces C of the compartments may be
varied in their nature and arrangement according to the kind of treatment to be
effected and similarly as regards the apron T which for certain purposes may
be made to serve as a filtering medium. Figures 3 and 4 shew these modifications
of the filtering media C which are made compound instead of single, as before.
Figure 4 shews how the filtering action may be increased by doubling back the
filtering surfaces C on the periphery above and below the apron T.
For the separation of certain matters there may be disposed in each compart
ment an open chamber i, (Figures 5 and 6) having solid walls into which the
denser matters are projected by centrifugal action, while the more fluid portion
passes through the filtering surfaces C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
] claim is
1. The herein described improved continuously acting centrifugal machine
constructed, arranged, and operating substantially as specified.
2. In a continuously acting centrifugal machine the combination, with an inner
revolving drum or basket radially divided into chambers closed at top and bottom
by inclined filtering surfaces converging towards peripheral openings, of an outer
drum revolving differentially to the inner one and supporting an endless apron or
aprons carried by pairs of endless chains passing around tension rollers and working
in guide grooves, the apron or aprons running with the basket and closing the
peripheral openings thereof except at one or more points and being carried round
bodily by the outer drum, the differential motion of the inner and outer drums
bringing the compartments of the former successively opposite the gap between
the aprons, thus uncovering the peripheral opening for discharging the solid
matters, as described.
3. In a continuously acting centrifugal machine the combination, with the inner
radially chambered basket with inclined strainers and peripheral aprons carried by
an outer differentially revolving drum, of an inner distributing chamber located

page_text: within the radially chambered inner drum and having tiers of circumferential
channels and ports leading therefrom into the radial chambers of the inner drum,
the differential motion of the inner and outer drums causing the chambers of the
former to successively coincide with the ports of the distributor for receiving the
materials to be treated and the agents of treatment, and the outer ends of
the compartments to be opened in succession for discharging the contents,
substantially as specified.
Dated this 24th day of December 1894.
A. M. & WM. CLARK,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.