Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Aug., 1893-Accepted, 23rd Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
I WALTER TURNER, of Little James Street, Gray's Inn Road, in the City and
County of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
My invention relates to a method of tightening the bands or wires used for the
purpose of securing the edges of the covers of pneumatic tyres to the wheel rims,
and it consists in attaching both ends of the band or wire to a lever, or one end of
band or wire to the lever and the other end to the rim of the wheel, so that when
the lever is in one position with respect to the rim the length of the band or wire is
such that it can be passed over the edge of the rim, and when it is moved into
another position with respect to the rim the length of the band or wire is shortened
to cause it to grip the rim.
One method of carrying my invention into practice is to attach the one end of
the band or wire to the rim of the wheel by hooking or otherwise attaching it
thereto, and to attach the other end to the lever-which is of the first order-and
has formed on its side a small stud adapted to engage with a hole or slot in the side.
of the rim and form a pivot therewith. When this lever lies radial to the rim of
the wheel the binding band or wire is slack and its length is sufficient to allow it to
be removed from the rim of the wheel either with or without the lever, but when
the lever is turned to lie flat with the rim the length of the band or wire is
shortened which causes it to grip the rim. The end of the band or wire fixed or
attached to the rim may if desired be so connected thereto that the length of the
band or wire can be adjusted to take up any stretch therein. The operating lever
may be adapted to either lie inside or outside the rim or partially inside and
partially outside thereof and the point of attachment to the free end of the band or
wire with respect to its pivotal connection to the rim is such that when the lever is
snapped down to tighten the band or wire the poiut of attachment of the said band
or wire is below that of its pivot so that the tendency of the tension on the wire is
to keep the lever down to the rim and thus effectually lock it thereto. Another
method of carrying my invention into practice is to make the lever quite independent
of the rim, and attach both ends of the band or wire to the said lever, the one end
of the band or wire to one end of the lever, and the other end at such a distance
therefrom as will allow the movement of the lever to take up the slack in the band
or wire. In this case the binding band or wire is of its greatest length when the
lever connecting the two ends is in such a position that the lever forms part of the
circle of the band or wire and the two points of attachment are furthest apart from
each other. When the lever is turned over to lie in the opposite direction in the
rim the points of attachment of the ends of the wires to the lever pass over each
other thus taking up the slack in the said band or wire.
It will be understood that each binding band or wire may be fitted with one of
these levers and that each binding band or wire may be fitted with more than one

page_text: of the said levers if desired. The bands or wires may be either enclosed in the
edges of the cover of the tyre or they may merely engage therewith.
Dated this 28th day of November 1892.
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Pneumatic Tyres.
I, WALTER TURNER, of Little James Street, Gray's Inn Road, in the City and
County of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a method of tightening the bands or wires used for the
purpose of securing the edges of the covers of pneumatic tyres to the wheel rims,
and it consists in attaching in the manner hereinafter described one end of the band
or wire to a lever and the other end to the rim of the wheel, so that when the said
lever is in one position with respect to the rim, the length of the band or wire is
such that it can be passed over the edge of the rim, and when it is moved into
another position with respect to the rim the length of the band or wire is shortened
to cause it to grip the rim, the object being to enable the binding bands or wires
used for securing the edges of the covers of pneumatic tyres to wheel rims to be
tightened and slackened without the use of tools.
I attain this end in the manner illustrated by the accompanying drawing, in
which :-
Figure 1 is a broken view in side elevation-partly in section of a rim and
locking bands or wires one of which is fitted according to my invention, (the cover
of the tyre being omitted for the sake of clearness) showing the locking band or
wire slackened.
Figure 2. is a view in transverse section of the rim and one of the locking
devices.
Figure 3 is a broken view in side elevation showing the locking band or wire
tightened.
Figure 4 is a broken view of the rim showing a buttonhole for the attachment of
the operating lever.
Figure 5 is a broken view in side elevation showing the cover and binding bands
or wires detached from the rim.
Figure 6 is a broken view in side elevation of a wheel rim showing another form
my invention may assume.
Figure 7 is a broken view in side elevation showing a construction in which the
operating lever is mounted outside the rim, and
Figure 8 is a view in transverse section showing a construction in which the
lever is partly inside and partly outside the rim.
"
Throughout the views similar parts are marked with like letters of reference.
In carrying my invention into practice I attach one end of the band or wire A
to the rim B of the wheel by forming it in the shape of a hook "a" adapted to
engage with a hole "6" in the rim, and to attach the other end to a lever C which.
has formed on its side a small stud "C
adapted to engage with a buttonhole or
slot "" in the side of the rim and form a pivot therewith. When this lever lies.
radial to the rim of the wheel as shown by Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing,
the binding band or wire A is slack and its length is sufficient to allow it to be
removed from the rim B of the wheel either with or without the lever, but when
the lever C is turned to lie flat, with the rim B as shown by Figure 3 of the

page_text: accompanying drawing, the length of the band or wire A is shortened which causes
it to grip the rim. The end of the band or wire A adapted to be fixed or attached
to the rim B is preferably formed in the shape of a socket "a" into which the end
of the band or wire A is threaded, thereby providing for the adjustment of the
length of the band or wire to take up any stretch therein. When the lever C.is
made detachable at its point of pivot to the rim B as shown by Figures 1, 2, 3,
and 4 the end of the band or wire A is permanently connected to the lever C but
when the lever C is not made to detach from the rim, the end of the band or wire A
is detachably connected thereto by forming a buttonhole slot in the lever for the..
beaded end of the band or wire to engage with.
The operating lever C may be adapted to either lie inside the rim B as shown by
Figure 2, or outside the rim as shown by Figure 7, or partially inside and partially
outside thereof as shown by Figure 8. When the lever C is pivotted to the
outside of the rim, a slot "62" is cut in the rim as shown by Figure 7 for the end
of the band or wire A connected to the lever to lie in. When the lever is partly
inside and partly outside the rim I sometimes make the part lying outside the rim
detachable as shown by Figure 6.
The point of attachment of the end of the band or wire A to the lever C with.
respect to its pivotal connection to the rim B is such that when the lever is snapped
down to tighten the band or wire, the point of attachment of the said band or wire.
to the lever is below that of its pivot so that the tendency of the tension on the-
wire is to keep the lever down to the rim and thus effectually lock it thereto.
It will be understood that each binding band or wire may be fitted with one of
these levers, but that each band or wire may be fitted with more than one of the
said levers if desired. The bands or wires may be either enclosed in the edges of
the cover of the tyre or they may merely engage therewith.
I wish it to be particularly understood that I do not limit myself to the precise
details of construction hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawing, but that I hold myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations as
fairly fall within the spirit.and scope of my invention as herein claimed..
I am aware of the prior Patent of Lake No. 13382 of 1887, and I do not
therefore make any broad claim for securing tyres to wheel rims by means of two.
bands or wires. I am also aware that it is not new to attach the end of a wire
to the rim by passing it through a hole therein.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The respective combinations of parts forming my improved fastenings for
pneumatic tyres, substantially as hereinbefore respectively described and illustrated
by the accompanying drawing.
2. The use for a pneumatic tyre of my improved method of securing the cover to
the wheel rim by means of two bands or wires each having one of its ends hooked
to adapt it to engage with a hole or slot in the bottom of the groove of the rim,
and having its other end attached to a lever pivotted either temporarily or
permanently to the wheel rim, as and for the purpose set forth.
3. The method of tightening fixing and releasing a band or wire operated by a
lever and used for securing the covers of pneumatic tyres to wheel rims, by so.
attaching the one end of the band or wire to the said lever that when the lever is.
turned on its pivot to tighten the band or wire, the point of atachment of the said
end of the band or wire passes below the pivotal point of the lever to the rim,.
thereby ensuring that the tension of the band or wire keeps the said lever down to
the rim, as and for the purpose set forth.
4. The combination with a band or wire adapted to be used for the purpose of
securing the edge of the cover of a pneumatic tyre to the wheel rim, of a lever
pivotted either temporarily or permanently to the wheel rim, and having one end of
the band or wire connected to it at a convenient distance from its point of support,

page_text: the other end of the band or wire being hooked or otherwise attached to the wheel
rim at a point beyond the point at which the lever is pivotted to the rim, in the
manner and for the purposes substantially as set forth.
5. The construction and use for a pneumatic tyre, of the combination consisting
of a wheel rim, a cover, and an air tube, and securing bands or wires such as A, A,
one end of each of which is threaded to enable it to be screwed into a hooked
socket "a" adapted to engage with a hole in the bottom of the groove of the rim,
and of levers C, C, adapted to contract and expand the length of the bands or
wires, all combined, arranged, and operating, as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 24th day of August 1893.
ROBT. ED. PHILLIPS, M.I.M.E.,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.