IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAP OR BONNET FRONTS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Timothy Railton, of the City of Manchester, Manu-
facturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAP OR BONNET FRONTS."
Sealed the 1st November 1860, and dated the 4th May 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Timothy Railton at the-
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th May 1860.
I, TIMOTHY RAILTON, of the City of Manchester, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS
EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAP OR BONNET FRONTS," to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to the apparatus for the manufacture of cap or
bonnet fronts, by means of two holders of a particular form hinged together,
and for which Letters Patent, dated 28th October 1858, No. 2405, were
granted unto me.
My present Invention consists in forming the said holders in one, the back
of the holder being in one piece, to which sides or partitions are attached by
means of hinges arranged in a manner to prevent them opening too wide ;.
also in making the holder of such a shape that the front of the cap when
finished is made to project.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Timothy Railton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd November 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, TIMOTHY
RAILTON, of the City of Manchester, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Timothy Railton,, Her special licence that I, the said Timothy
Railton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Timothy Railton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF CAP OR BONNET FRONTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Timothy Railton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Timothy Railton, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention relates to apparatus for the manufacture of cap or bonnet
fronts, by means of two holders of a particular form, for the purpose of giving
the fronts any required shape or design, and which constitute further improve-
ments on the Invention for which I obtained Letters Patent, dated the
Twenty-eighth day of October, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight,
No. 2405.
These improvements consist of making the holders of such an apparatus
bent or formed to the required shape of the cap or bonnet front, with a longi-
tudinal partition in the centre, and a back in one piece, to which sides are

page_text: attached by means of hinges or other suitable contrivance. The holders at
each side of the partition regulate the depth to which the edges of strips of
blond or other fabric for making cap or bonnet fronts are to bo introduced into
the apparatus before closing the sides, the depth varying along the apparatus
according to the intended shape of the holders, and consequently of the cap
or bonnet fronts. By altering the shapes of the holders the design for a cap
or bonnet front may be varied; thus holders bent down in the centre produco
a cap or bonnet front with a peak or projection in the middle, which comes
above the forehead of the wearer.
The manner in which my said Invention may be carried into practical
effect will be clearly understood by referring to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, forming part of this Specification, in which Figure 1 is a longi-
tudinal elevation of the apparatus; Figure 2 is a plan of the same, with the
two outer sides opened out; Fig. 3, a plan, with the two outer sides closed;
Figure 4, a longitudinal section, through W, Z, in Figure 3; Figure 5, an
end elevation of the apparatus, as shewn in Figure 2; Figure 6, an end
clevation of the same, as shewn in Figure 3; and Figure 7, a transverso
section through X, Y, in Figure 3. In each of the said Figures the same
letters of reference indicate like parts.
To the back D of the holders are attached the two outer sides by hinges
K, K, K, or other suitable contrivance, and to the inside of the said back D
the holders B, B', which are bent to the form required, and are fixed or
attached by any suitable means. It is here shewn with sunken curves in the
centre, and one at or near each end, so as to form the cap or bonnet front,
with a peak or projection in the centre, which comes above the forehead of
the wearer, and a curve for each side of the face, the centre curves or pro-
jection being represented by the letter E; but it is evident that by altering
the shape of the holders B, B', any required form or design may be obtained.
A small rim or flange is put at the edge of the holders to retain the net or
fabric. Along the centre or middle of the back D, and fixed thereto, is the
longitudinal partition G. which also serves as a partition between the holders
and against the top of which fall the outer sides A, A, and thus form two
compartments to contain the goffered or otherwise prepared blond, net, or
other fabric which is to be made into a cap or bonnet front, the process of
manufacture being the same as that described in the Specification of my
Patent, dated the Twenty-eighth day of October, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-eight, No. 2405.
In Figure 4 is shewn part of a finished cap or bonnet front, the remaining

page_text: part being delineated in dotted lines, the peak or projection at the centre and
the curves at the sides being formed by the holders B, B'.
In witness whereof, I, the said Timothy Railton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this First day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
ISAAC HADFIELD,
Clerk to T. Railton.
(L.B.) TIM. RAILTON.