A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD OF REGULATING THE TEXTURE OF ALL KINDS OF CLOTH IN THE PROCESS OF WEAVING
Year: 1810

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
COTTON, of Limehouse, in the County of Middlesex, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, on or about the Fifteenth day of January, in the fiftieth
year of His reign, did give and grant unto me, the said William Cotton, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, His special licence, full power, solo
privilege and authority, that I, the said William Cotton, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, during the term of fourteen years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend the Invention therein
mentioned, to wit, "A NEW AND IMPROVED METHOD OF REGULATING THE TEXTURE
OF ALL KINDS OF CLOTH IN THE PROCESS OF WEAVING," within that part of the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, the Dominion
of Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to me,
the said William Cotton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or any of
them, should seem meet; to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence,
powers, privileges, and advantages therein granted or mentioned to be granted
unto me, the said William Cotton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, for
and during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the date of
the said Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing, and fully to be com-
plete and ended, according to the Statute in such case made and provided; in

page_text: which said Letters Patent there is (amongst other things) contained a proviso,
that if I, the said William Cotton, should not particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and
cause the same to be inrolled in the High Court of Chancery within four
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages
whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and become void,
as in and by the said recited Letters Patent, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, T, the said
William Cotton, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, as follows,
that is to say:
My improvement in the process of weaving by machinery or looms moved
by the power of steam, water, wind, or horses may be applied to looms of
various constructions. I have represented in Drawing No. 1 the section of a
loom now in use. Round the yarn beam or cylinder A the chain or warp was
wound, was passed over the roller E, through the harness II, and a reed fixed
in the slay C. The cloth was passed over the roller D, and was wound by a
weight on the cloth beam or cylinder B, to which a catch wheel was attached.
The object of my improvement is to regulate the tension of the chain or warp,
in order that the blow of the slay for driving in the shoot may act with a more
uniform force, which improves the texture of all kinds of cloth. Above the
yarn beam or cylinder A, (Drawing No. 2) I apply two rollers or cylinders E, K,
between which the chain or warp is passed in the direction of the dotted line,
and the upper roller or cylinder E is pressed towards the lower roller or
cylinder K with sufficient force to prevent the chain or warp being drawn froin
the yarn bean or cylinder A by the action of the slay without giving motion
to the rollers or cylinders E, K, which may be fluted or connected by spur
wheels. To the roller or cylinder K, I apply the friction block described in
Captain Joseph Huddart's enrolled Specification, dated on or about the 28th
day of July 1800. The stud against which tlie friction block acts is attached
to the side of the loom, and the spring of the friction block is adjusted by a
screw to give the requisite resistance to the blow of the slay for driving in the
shoot. Above the cloth beam B, Drawing No. 2, I apply two rollers or
cylinders 1, D, between which the cloth is passed in the direction of the dotted
line. The roller or cylinder D is pressed towards the roller or cylinder I with
sufficient force to prevent it from moving without giving motion to the cloth.

page_text: To give greater correctness to the action of these rollers or cylinders they may
be connected by spur wheels. Motion is communicated to the roller or
cylinder I from the shaft L by the wheel and worm T, the shaft M, and the
bevil wheels Q. The wheel T is attached to the shaft M by a friction block,
similar to the one before described; during the time the shade is changing,
motion is communicated to the rollers or cylinders I, D; at other times niotion
is given to the friction block, which connects the wheel T to the shaft M, the
spring being adjusted by a screw to give the requisite tension to the chain or
warp. The rollers or cylinders may be placed to suit the construction of the
loom, and the cloth may be passed between them in the direction found most
convenient. Resistance may be applied to the rollers or cylinders between
which the chain or warp is passed, and motion may be communicated to the
rollers or cylinders between which the cloth is passed in various ways; more
than two rollers or cylinders may also be applied on the same principle.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Cotton, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and ten.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Fourteenth day of May,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid William Cotton came before our
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written. And also
the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute
in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Fourteenth day of May, in the year above written.