Improvements in Bearings, and Journals of Shafting and Axles in Machinery.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Nov., 1897-Accepted, 24th Dec., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Bearings, and Journals of Shafting and Axles in
Machinery.
ARTHUR JAMES LISTER 91 Trinity Street Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, Mechanical
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of the rolling medium
and the like devices interposed between journals of Shafting, axles, and the like, and
their bearing chambers or supports, and improvements in the construction of the
journals of Shafting and axles in Machinery, whereby the friction of parts is reduced
to a minimum and a true rolling contact is obtained.
In carrying out my invention I make an additional and larger diameter on the
journal of the shaft or axle, which may be either solid with, or screwed, keyed, or
shrunk on the shaft, also I construct the rolling medium (of which there are two or
more) of two different diameters, the ends of the said rolling medium carrying pins
or small axles upon which are connected or geared, rings of metal, rubber, or other
suitable material for the purpose of keeping the rolling media apart and maintaining
their axes parallel to that of the shaft.
In my invention the larger diameter of the journal engages in rolling contact with
the smaller diameter of the rolling medium, and the larger diameters of the rolling
medium engage with the bearing surface or chamber or support. I will now describe
the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Fig. 1 shews a half sectional elevation of a shaft and bearings constructed on the
principles of my invention drawn through X, Y, on the plan.
A is the shaft,
Fig. 2. shews a plan view of the same in half section through V W.
Fig. 3. shews a half sectional elevation of the same through X Y.
B is the larger diameter on the shaft, C is the smaller diameter, and D, D, the larger
diameter of the rolling medium. E, E, are the small pins or axles on the ends of the
rolling media & F the connecting rings on which these said small axles are
journalled. G is the bearing chamber, upon which and in contact with are the
rolling media.
The larger diameter B on the shaft A bears a definite ratio with C, the smaller
diameter of the rolling medium, and the larger diameter D of the rolling medium
bears the inverse ratio with the diameter of the bearing surface G thus:-
B: C:: GD, for example suppose the ratio to be 4 to 1, then B4, C=1, G=4,
D= 1, thus it will easily be seen a perfect rolling contact free from sliding and
therefore free from friction, must ensue.
In roller bearings hitherto devised whether balls or rollers, a considerable sliding.
movement exists, for the reason that one diameter has to rotate between, and upon,
two differing diameters in the same time, and to have perfect rolling contact the
rolling medium must rotate equally on the one and slip with the other, or slide or
rotate unequally between the two.
My invention entirely obviates this by so arranging the diameters of the rolling
medium to engage in perfect rolling contact with the shaft or axle, and the bearing

page_text: chamber or support in the same time; thus it will easily be seen, in one revolution
of B the smaller diameter of the rolling medium C rotates 4 times in perfect friction-
less contact, and for the same reason D rotates 4 times within the bearing surface G.
In arranging the larger diameter of the rolling medium I make it so that it cannot
have contact with the shaft, but have " or " or some such suitable clearance as
shewn in drawings. I may make the diameters of the rolling medium from the
solid or in any other suitable manner, and with or without the clearance bevils, shewn
in the plan view of the drawings.
In arranging the connecting rings F, F, which may be made of rubber, metal, or
other suitable material, I may construct them with or without strengthening bars
connecting one ring to the other.
In arranging the small axles E on which the connecting gear or rings are
journalled, I make make them either solid with the rolling medium, or as a spindle
through the rolling medium, having the ends projecting and screwed to receive
screwed nuts or collars of suitable shape to carry the connecting rings F.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
A system of bearings in which is :-
1st An enlarged diameter or collar B upon the shaft A.
2nd A rolling medium, or intermediate rotating movement whose rolls C&D
have different diameters, which bear a definite relation to the enlarged diameter B
on shaft A, and the surface of the bearing chamber G respectively.
Dated this twentieth day of November 1897