IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLING OR MAKING THE JOINTS OF PIPES AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Ridge, of Hyde, in the County of Chester,
Millwright, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLING OR MAKING
THE JOINTS OF PIPES AND OTHER ARTICLES."
Sealed the 12th August 1859, and dated the 23rd February 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Ridge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
February 1859.
I, SAMUEL RIDGE, of Hyde, in the County of Chester, Millwright, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLING
OR MAKING THE JOINTS OF PIPES AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
In performing my Invention I make use of a double: frame made of lead-
or other suitable metal or material, between which the cement is held, the
inner size of this franie I prefer to make of about the same size as the orifice
in the pipes or other articles to be coupled, and the outer part of the double
frame comes within the bolts by which the pipes or other articles are bolted
together, but in some cases the bolts pass through the double frame,, and in
others they are placed within it; the double frame protects the cement from
the atmosphere and from the air, water, steam,. or other fluid in the pipes or
other articles.. In order to prevent the bolts from leaking, I make a groove
containing cement in the washers, and I place a washer under the head,
and another under the nat; these improved washers are chiefly. beneficial.in

page_text: '
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel Ridge in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th. August 1859.
TO ALL. TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
RIDGE, of Hyde, in the County of Chester, Millwright, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Samuel Ridge, Her special licence that I, the said Samuel
Ridge, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Samuel Ridge, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN COUPLING OR MAKING THE JOINTS OF PIPES AND OTHER ARTICLES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Samuel Ridge,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Ridge, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
, performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement (that is to say):-
--
The nature of my Invention consists in certain improved modes of making
joint rings to be placed between the flanges of pipes or other articles requiring
to be coupled or jointed. together.
In performing my Invention I make use of a double frame made of lead or
other suitable metal or.material, between which the cement is held; the inner
side of this frame.I prefer to make of about the same size as the orifice in the

page_text: pipes or other articles to be coupled or jointed together, and the outer part of
the double frame comes either within the bolts by which the pipes or other
articles are bolted together, or the bolts pass through the double frame; the
double frame protects the cement from the atmosphere and from the air,
water, steam, or other fluid in the pipes or other articles. In order to pre-
vent leakage through the bolt holes, I make a groove containing cement in
the washers, and I place a washer under the head or under the nut; these
improved washers are chiefly beneficial in securing the manhole frame to
boilers, or in other cases where the bolt head or nut is exposed to the steam
or other fluid in the boiler or other article.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed to describe the means pursued by me, reference
being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the figures and
letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a front view of a joint ring constructed according to my improve-
ments suitable for an ordinary steam pipe; Figure 2 is a section through the
joint of the pipe and of the joint ring. In these views the ring consists of an
inner rim a, an intermediate rim b, and an outer rim c, connected together by
the web or midfeather d; these rings are cast of lead or other suitable metal,
or they are made of any other suitable material, and when cast or otherwise
made, the spaces e, e, are filled up with cement; the ring is then placed
between the flanges of the pipe (which do not require to be turned or faced
true), and the bolts fare tightened up to secure the flanges together. The
ritu a protects the cement from the air, water, steam, or other fluid in. the
pipes or other articles, and the rim c protects it from the atmosphere.. The
bolts in this instance pass through holes in the joint ring, but in most cases it is
sufficient to make the ring of such a diameter that it will fit within the bolts.
Figure 3 is a section through a joint ring in which the web or midfeather
marked d in Figure 2 is omitted; in this case the rims a, b, and c are only
united by the stay pieces g, shewn in Figure 1, and the cement fills the spaces
between the rims and stays; Figure 4 is a section through a joint ring with a
midfeather, and suitable for the joint of two pipes that are not in a direct line
with each other; Figures 5 and 6 are two joint rings with only an inner and
outer rim to fit within the bolts; Figure 7 is a front view, and Figure 8 a
section of a pipe joint in which the bolts pass through snugs instead of flanges,
the joint ring is similar to Figure 5; Figure 9 is a section through one of my
improved washers, which consist of a copper or other plate h, with a recess for
the cement i; Figure 10 is a front view of a round washer, and Figure 11 a
front view of a square washer; Figure 12 is a section through part of a boiler,

page_text: to which a pipe or man-hole frame is secured; the joint ring between the end
of the pipe or frame and the boiler is similar to those above described, but in
order to prevent leakage through the bolt holes, I apply my improved washers
above described to the bolt heads inside the boiler; similar washers may
be applied under the nuts when they are exposed to the action of steam; it is
evident that when the nuts are tightened, the cement enters into and closes
the apertures between the bolt and the bolt holes, thereby preventing leakage.
Although I have only shewn circular joints or couplings in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, it will be apparent that oblong, square, or other shaped
joints can be made to suit the articles to be joined together. By means of
these improvements, pipes and other articles can be jointed together both
expeditiously and economically, and as the cement is protected from the action
of the fluid within the pipes or other articles, the joint when mado is imme-
diately ready for use.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the means of per-
forming the same, I declare that I claim the improved double frame joints or
couplings described, or any modification thereof, for coupling or making the
joints of pipes and other articles.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Ridge, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
SAMUEL RIDGE. (LS.)