IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU, FACTURE OF TOBACCO, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS THEREFOX. PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Andrew Tod, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, and James Heatley, jun., of Alnwick, in the County of
Northumberland, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU,
FACTURE OF TOBACCO, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS THEREFOX.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Andrew Tod and James.
Heatley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 25th September 1867,
We, ANDREW TOD, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
and JAMES HEATLEY, jun'., of. Alnwick, in the County of Northumberland,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO, AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS THEREFOR,"
to be as follows, that is to say :-
"
This Invention; which more particularly relates to the twisting of tobacco
in a rapid and effectual manner, consists as follows:-The tobacco in the
prepared state for twisting is placed upon a table, at one end of which a
revolving frame is situated, and through an opening in the end of the frame
the tobacco to be twisted is entered. The revolving frame contains a bobbin,
upon which the tobacco as it is twisted is wound, a separate revolving motion
perpendicular to the motion of the frame being imparted to the bobbin by
means of a cord or belt passing over a pulley in its axis, being led thence over.

page_text: a pair of pulleys and over a grooved ring concentric to the axis of revolution
of the frame, so that as the frame revolves the belt is by the motion of the
frame caused to travel. When the bobbin is filled the machinery is stopped
and the tobacco taken off, the machinery being provided with suitable
engaging and disengaging gear, and driven by a belt actuating a pair of live
and dead pulleys.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Andrew Tod and James Heatley in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 24th March 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ANDREW
TOD, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, and JAMES
HEATLEY, jun., of Alnwick, in the County of Northumberland, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Andrew Tod and James Heatley, jun., Her special license that
we, the said Andrew Tod and James Heatley, jun'., our executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Andrew Tod and James
Heatley, jun., our executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed,' should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN:
MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said Andrew Tod and James Heatley, jun'., by an instrument in writing.
under our hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the.
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said:
Letters Patent. "...
.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Andrew Tod and James Heatley,
jun., do hereby. declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what.
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer
tained. in and by the following statement, reference being had to the..

page_text: accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say :-
..Our said Invention, which more particularly relates to the twisting of
tobacco in a rapid and effectual manner, consists as follows: The tobacco in,
the prepared state for twisting is placed upon a table, at one end of, which a
revolving frame is situated, and through an opening in the end of the frame.
the tobacco to be twisted is entered. The revolving frame contains a bobbin,
upon which the tobacco as it is twisted is wound, a separate revolving motion,
perpendicular to the motion of the frame being imparted to the bobbin by
means of a cord or belt passing over a pulley in its axis, being led thence over
a pair of pulleys, and over a grooved ring concentric to the axis of revolution
of the frame, so that as the frame revolves the belt is by the motion of the
frame.caused to travel. When the bobbin is filled the machinery is stopped
and the tobacco taken off, the machinery. being provided with suitable.
engaging and disengaging gear, and driven by a belt, actuating a pair of live
and dead pulleys.
. And in order that our said Invention may be properly understood we now
proceed more particularly to set forth the system, mode, or manner in or
under which the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect,
reference being had for the sake of more complete elucidation, to the several
letters: upon the..explanatory Sheets of Drawing which we have hereunto
appended, that is to say :-
Figure 1; Sheet. 1, is a side elevation, Figure 2. an end elevation, and
Figure 3 a plan of a machine for twisting or spinning tobacco, and which is
driven by manual labour. In these Figures similar parts are indicated by
corresponding letters of reference.
A is a frame which revolves in bearings in the standards B; in the frame A
the winding drum C is carried, its spindle or shaft being supported in bearings
in the frame A, as shown. A pulley D. having a groove formed in it for
holding a driving band is keyed on one end of the spindle or shaft and actuated
by a band or rope..passing round the friction or brake pulley E, which.is.
fitted loose on the axle a; F, F, are guide pulleys for leading the rope from.
the brake pulley E to the pulley D; G is a friction brake which is actuated
by the lever H and balance weight I; J is a treadle by which the workman
is enabled to regulate the winding on of the twisted or spun tobacco on the
drum C; L is a bar having. guide pins fitted into. it to guide the roll of
tobacco from the table (not shown in the Drawings) to the wheel C.
The mode of operating with the machine is as follows:-The tobacco is
rolled upon a table by the workman in manner similar to what is done in

page_text: connection with tobacco twisting or spinning machines at present in use. The
roll is passed through the hollow bearing of the frame A, as shown dotted at e,
Figure 3, and attached to the drum C, the roll is now thoroughly twisted by
an attendant revolving the frame A by means of the handle attached to the fly
wheel K; as the workman continues to add to the length of the roll it is
wound upon the drum C by the action of the brake pulley E, which is as
follows: The weight I is shifted along the lever H until the pressure trans-
mitted to the brake G stops the pulley E which is hung loose on the axle a
from revolving. The brake pulley E being thus rendered stationary whenever
désired, it is obvious that during the time it is stationary and the frame A is
revolving that the passing over it of the rope or band shown in the Drawings
causes rotation on its own axis of the pulley D, and therefore the drum C
upon which the roll is thus wound as required; when the workman wishes
tö stop the up winding of the roll he elevates the end of the lever on which the
weight I is placed by means of the treadle J, and the brake G is withdrawn
from contact with the brake pulley E, leaving it free to revolve with the
frame A. During that time the band or rope does not alter its position on
any of the pulleys, consequently the drum C cannot revolve on its own axis.
If the balance weight be properly adjusted the friction pulley E will act as a
slip motion, which will continuously adjust itself to the rate at which the roll
of twisted tobacco is being produced, so that it will not be necessary to stop
the winding up at all while the workman is twisting.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of part of a machine which may be operated by
motive power other than hand labour. In this machine the fly wheel is
replaced by a driving pulley C suitable for being actuated by a rope or other
driving band. As in some instances the workman may desire the machine to
be turned by hand, a handle may be fitted to the cone for that purpose, as
shown. The frame A is properly balanced to counteract the weight of the
pulleys D and F at one side, so that it may remain in any required position,
and be freely revolved by enlarging the frame A in the form of a disc, as seen
at d, Figures 1 and 2, Sheet 1, or any other means of counterbalancing may
be adopted.
1
Figure 5 shows another modification of our machine in which one of the
flanches of the bobbin is formed to act as a winding pulley, and the weight of
the revolving frame is reduced thereby, as the one flanch balances the other,
and may be made of wood. By this mode of construction counterbalance
weights on the frame are unnecessary.
Figure 1, Sheet 2, is a side elevation, and Figure 2 a plan of a larger
tobacco twisting or spinning machine to be actuated by driving belts. The

page_text: general arrangement of the twisting and spinning mechanism is similar to
what is shown in the preceding modification. A is the revolving frame in
which the bobbin B is carried; one end of the frame is supported in a bearing
in the standard C, and to the other end there is bolted a. T-headed axle D.
which is carried in suitable bearings bolted to the entablature of the
standards E; on the axle D there is placed a brake pulley F, which. is
acted upon by a friction strap G attached, to the lever H centred upon the
bracket I; a rope J is attached to one end of the lever H, and, conducted
round the pulleys K, and coupled to the weight L, which, depresses the
end of the lever to which the rope J is attached, causing the strap, G to clasp
the brake pulley. F, and the bobbin B to revolve by means of the rope or
band, as in the previous arrangement. When the winding is to be stopped
the weight L is lifted by the workman placing his foot on the treadle M, and
and the strap G is relieved by means of the weight N depressing the end of the
lever to which it is attached. The machine is driven by a belt,actuating the
fast pulley O on the shaft P; a loose pulley Q is also fitted on the shaft P, so
that the machine may be stopped by means of the shifting fork a on the
sliding rod b, actuated by the bar c and the lever d without the workman leaving
his position at the table. The speed of the machine may be increased or
diminished by means of the friction disc R and drum S according as the
distance of the drum S is more or less from the centre of the disc R, the
motion being communicated by means of the bevil wheels T to the frame A.
The other parts of the machine and the mode of operating therewith is the
same as herein-before described in reference to the Figures on Sheet 1. When
the drums C and B respectively in either of the machines herein set forth are
filled with twisted or spun tobacco they may be taken out of the frame A and
be unwound, other bobbins being put in to supply their place, and thus enable
the machine to be maintained as nearly as possible in continuous operation, or
they may be unwound whilst being maintained in position in the frame, A;
during which operation the work of the machine is of course stopped.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner
in or under which the same is or may be used or practically carried into
effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we consider as novel and
original and therefor claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,
First. The general arrangement and construction of machinery or apparatus
for twisting or spinning tobacco, as herein-before described and shown in the
accompanying Sheets of Drawings, or any mere modification thereof..
Second. The arrangement of brake and brake pulley for actuating, or

page_text: stopping the drum upon which the roll of twisted or spun tobacco is wound,
as herein-before described, or any mere modification thereof.
Third. The use in and application to tobacco twisting machinery of a
winding-up drum or bobbin carried in the frame, by which the twisting or
spinning of the tobacco is partly produced, such winding-up drum being
revolved when necessary on its own axis, which is placed at right angles to the
axis of motion of the revolving frame.
In witness whereof, we, the said Andrew Tod and James Heatley, junr.,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-third day of
March, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
ANDREW TOD.
(L.B.)
Witness,
ST. JOHN VINCENT DAY, C. E.
Patent Office,
166, Buchanan Street,
Glasgow.
JAMES HEATLEY. (L.s.)