IMPROVEMENTS IN CRUSHING OLEAGINOUS AND OTHER SEEDS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR”
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Harrison Holt, of the firm of Willows Holt and Willows,
of Hull in the County of the same Town, Seed Crusher, for an invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CRUSHING OLEAGINOUS AND OTHER SEEDS AND IN
APPARATUS THEREFOR”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Harrison Holt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th April 1882.
HARRISON HOLT, of the firm of Willows Holt and Willows, of Hull in the
County of the same town, Seed Crusher IMPROVEMENTS IN CRUSHING OLEAGINOUS
AND OTHER SEEDS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
This invention relates to certain improvements in an apparatus for crushing oil
and other soeds and oleaginous matters, whereby better results are obtained and
by means of a machine which possesses the advantage, amongst others, of being
very compact.
The seeds from which it is proposed to press out the oil are, under the systems
hitherto adopted, subjected, in the first instance to a crushing or bruising strain,
either by direct and rigid or lever pressure upon rollers, or by means of a number
of rollers placed one above another and which crush the seed by virtue of their
superincumbent weight with or without other pressure:
In my improved apparatus, I subject the seed in the first instance to a crushing
or bruising strain having some elasticity. This consists of a scrow acting upon
the bearings at either end of an upper roller but with a mass of caoutchouc placed
in a direct line between the screw and the centre of the roller: the seed passes by
means of a bopper and guide between this roller and a lower one and is partially
crushed; it then passes round the lower roller, and the seed which adheres to and
is carried round the upper roller, is stripped off, and both are passed between the
lower roller and a thud, having its centre in the horizontal line of the former.
The pressure to these two rollers is given by screws acting directly upon the
bearings, thus giving a dead or unelastic pressure to these two rollers. By means
of the three rollers above described, having varying diameters, and elastic pressure,
and a rigid pressure, I am enabled to thoroughly crush the seed in this the first
stage before passing to the stones,

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Harrison Holt in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th October
1882.
HARRISON HOLT of the firm of Willows Holt and Willows of Hull in the
County of the same town, Seed Crusher IMPROVEMENTS IN CRUSHING OLEAGINOUS
AND OTHER SEEDS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
This invention relates to certain improvements in an apparatus for crushing
oil, and other seeds, and oleaginous matters, whereby better results are obtained
by means of my improved machine, which possesses the advantage, amongst others,
of being compact.
The invention consists of subjecting the seed to a crushing or bruising strain by
passing it, first, between rollers placed one above the other, the top roller being
subjected to an elastic pressure.
The seed passing between these rollers is partly crushed, and tho seed adhering
to the upper roller is stripped off, which, falling into the cavity between the bottom
roller and a third roller, is finally crushed, as is also the sced adhering to or carried
by the bottom roller. The axis of the third roller is in the horizontal line of the
bottom roller, and the pressure to these two rollers is given by screws acting
directly upon the bearings of the same, thus giving a dead or unelastic pressure.
In order that my invention may be better understood, I will, by the aid of the
accompanying drawing, proceed to moro fully describe the means employed by me
in carrying the same into effect.
The drawing represents an end elevation (partly in section) of my improved
apparatus, shewing the relative positions of the crushing rollers.
The rollers A and C are mounted and motion communicated to them in the 1
ordinary manner: the seed is fed into the hopper D, and the supply to the
crushing rollers regulated by the usual feed roller.
The seed after leaving the hopper D, in the manner described, passes between
the rollers A and B and is by them partly crushed. The bearings in which the
roller A rotates are rigid, but the attachments to the bearings of the upper roller B,
are constructed so as to give some elasticity to the pressure brought to bear upon
it and the roller A. The seed is thereby partly crushed as it passes between the
two rollers.
The yield or elastic cushion of the upper roller B is constructed as follows: a
screw passes through the upper portion of the framework at each side of the
apparatus, and at the bottom of each screw is a cup G, having wings H projecting
from the sides for keeping the same in the requisite position. Resting upon the
bearing block J, is spindle K, with a cup G¹ at the top similar to the other cup G.
Between the two cups is placed a cushion of caoutchouc L, through a hole in the
centre of which passes a guide spindle F1 extending forward into a hole bored in
the centre of spindle K, thereby forming a stay to the caoutchouc.
By tightening the screws F, pressuro is placed upon the caoutchouc, and thereby
transmitted to the bearings of the roller B which is thus driven by friction from
the surface of the roller A. and a sufficient bruising strain is put upon the seed in
this the initial crushing process as it passes through the rollers A and B
The stripper plate M, secured to the weighted levers M', strips from the roller B
the partly crushed seed adhering to the same: the seed thus stripped, as also the
seed adhering to or carried by the bottom roller A, is finally crushed, by passing
between the rollers A and C, the bearings of which are unelastic, being kept in
position by the screws P and P¹ acting direct upon bearing blocks.
5

page_text: By the combination of three rollers, of varying diameters and mounted in the
manner described, I am enabled to obtain an elastic and rigid pressure upon the
roller A, and to thoroughly crush the seed in this the first stage before passing it
to the stones.
Having thus described my said Invention, and the manner of carrying the same
into effect, I hereby declare that I make no general claim to the use of multiplex
rollers for crushing oil seeds; but I claim in respect of seed-Rollers the construction
and arrangement herein described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawing.
In Witness whereof I the said Harrison Holt have hereunto set my hand
and seal this tenth day of October in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.