for One or more Incandescent Electrio Lamps.
Year: 1885

page_text: for One or more Incandescent Electrio Lamps.
We ALFRED GRUNDY Electrician Outer Temple W.C. and GEORGE WILLIAM
READY mechanic 71 Lenthal Road Dalston N. both in the county of Middlesex
do hereby declare the nature of our invention for A NOVEL TELESCOPIC
SWINGING AND ROTATING PENDANT AND SWITCH FOR ONE OR MORE INCANDESCENT
ELECTRIC LAMPS to be as follows:-
First A ceiling plate of metal to be firmly fixed by screws or otherwise to the
ceiling or in some horizontal position, the said ceiling plate having a suitable clip
or screw for attaching one of the leading wires to it, Also an inverted cup in its
centre on the underneath side, but insulated from it, the said cup having also a
suitable connection for the second leading wire.
Secondly A hollow semi spherical cup to be attached to the ceiling plate by
means of a gland nut, bayonet joint or other convenient method.
Hanging through a hole in the centre of this cup is a vertical tube of brass or
other metal having through its centre a rod also of brass or some other conductor
of Electricity, held in position at its upper end by means of a collar or washer
of insulating material, this rod carries at its upper end a small cup with a hollow
stem containing a spiral spring, connection between this cup and the inverted cup
on the ceiling plate is made by means of a ball of metal working after the manner
of a ball bearing and assisted by the upward pressure of the spiral spring.
To the outer tube is also connected a cone shaped projection of metal which while
preventing it from falling downwards allows it to swing freely in any direction
and makes metallic connection between the outer tube and cup. To prevent this
metallic connection from being severed, between the projection and the outer cup
a spiral spring may be inserted either inside or outside the tube or may take the
form of a spray of ornamental leaves or such other form as may be found convenient
for the purpose.
Thirdly A smaller tube of metal having through its centre, a still smaller tube
of metal, these two tubes are rigidly insulated from each other by means of a tube
of india rubber or by rings of the same or any other insulating material or by
filling in the annular space between the tubes with resin plaster of Paris or other
suitable material. The upper end of this tube is split and presses outwards 80 as
to make good metallic contact with the interior of the outer tube of the upper
part, and the lower part of the rod in the upper tube is also split and opened out-
wards to ensure contact between it and the inside of the inner tube in the lower
part. This lower part is connected to the upper part by means of a stuffing box
which ensures it being at all times exactly in the centre of and perfectly parallel
with the upper part. And when the inside rod of the upper part is inserted in the

page_text: inner tube of the lower part it also holds the centre rod rigidly in the centre of
the space inside the upper tube.
Now by these combinations the pendant can be shortened or lengthened in the
manner of a telescope can be swung in any direction by means of the ball and
socket joint formed by the projection and cup or rotated on a vertical axis by
means of the ball bearing between the centre rod and inverted cup of the ceiling
plate without the electrical connection being severed.
Fourthly an enlarging piece screwed on to the lower part of the lower tube
containing the switch which is formed substantially as follows, though slight
deviations may be required to be made to suit circumstances.
(a) A piece of brass rod sliding into the inner part of the inner tube with a
spiral spring fixed at one end and movable at the other which shall have a tendency
to press the rod out from the tube.
(b) A second piece of similar brass in a short piece of tube with a similar spring
acting in a similar manner.
(c) A spindle passing through the outer part of the enlarging piece in a hori-
zontal direction but insulated from it. This spindle carries on one of its outer
ends, a thumb piece, similar to an ordinary gas or water tap, and inside the
enlarging piece a quadrilateral bar of insulating material on two opposite sides of
which are bars of brass or other conductor connected with each other in some
efficient manner.
On rotating the said spindle the two telescopic pieces of brass explained under
the heads (a) and (b) are insulated from, or brought into metallic contact with
each other at will, completing or interrupting the circuit as desired.
So far as is herein above described the manufacture of the pendant is identical
and universal for one or any number of lights.
If required for one light it is terminated by a socket which will carry a lamp
holder of similar construction to that invented by the first named party to this
specification in his Provisional Specification No 75 of 1885 with the exception that
it is made on the well known centre contact principle to enable purchasers and
users to use either plain lamps or any of the ordinary capped lamps in the market
with little or no alteration of the stock pattern.
If required for two or more lights or for one light on an arm, out of the vertical
line, the vertical part of the pendant below the switch is terminated by a hollow
ball which is divisable in a horizontal direction. Attached to the interior of the
upper half but insulated from it is a circular plate of metal with a projection
upwards from its centre which shall make contact with or take the place of the
lower telescopic piece of the switch described under the head (b). Round the
underneath side and near the circumference of this plate is a number of binding
screws and in the outer part of the upper hemisphere a corresponding number of
holes into which can be screwed arms or branches with an insulated wire through
their centre, thus all or any of the arms can be removed at will, all that has to be
done being to remove the lower hemisphere and connect or disconnect as required
the wires from the requisite number of arms, and if the arms themselves require to
be taken out small ornamental headed plugs can be used to fill their places and
prevent the appearance of disfiguration of the ball.
The said arms would in this case terminate in sockets and lamp holders as before
described or may be fitted with any lamp holder to suit the convenience or wants
of the user.

page_text: We all making connection with B. and forming in conjunction with L N. &c.
the other electrode.
J is a stuffing box fitting fairly tight on the tube K and screwed on to the part H
so as to ensure the two parts K. and H working perfectly parallel to each other
and resting in any position they may be placed.
K is a tube of metal working through the stuffing box J. the upper end is split
and opened outwards to ensure a good rubbing contact with the interior of the
tube H.
L is an inner tube inside of K and rigidly insulated from it this forms &
continuation of the rod I.
M. is an enlarging socket screwed on to the lower end of K and contains N. N. N.
three plungers. O a ring of insulating material and P the switch The upper
plunger N works inside the tube L and is kept forced downwards by a spring
The part O carries through its centre a short piece of tube having at each end
a plunger N. N. forced outwards from each other by a spiral spring placed between
them.
P the switch is a bar or spindle of ebony vulcanite or other insulating material
having a square piece of insulating material fixed on its axis On two opposite
sides of this square piece are pieces of flat brass connected to each other so that
when the thumb piece is perpendicular the circuit is completed but when it lies
horizontal it is interrupted.
R is a piece of tube screwed into M and having outside a thread for the fixing
of the shade carrier S and two slots for receiving the pins of lamp holder in the
form of a bayonet point.
T is the lamp holder which is on the centre contact principle.
UU are square pieces of metal with binding screws for the lugs of the lamp one
of which is connected by the centre contact to the lower plunger N. in the part o
and the other to the outer part of the pendant by means of metal rim of T and
the contact from R to M &c.
W. are the prongs for holding the lamp steady a third one is used but not shewn
in the drawing.
Fig. 2 is an attachment for making the pendant available for two or more lights
without altering the stock pattern or for changing a single to a multiple pendant
or vice versa at will.
a. b. c. c. d. d. is a hollow ball advisable into two parts on the line a. b. below its
centre the upper part of the ball terminates in t a piece of tube screwed to fit and
take the place of R. Fig. 1 through the centre of t but insulated from it is a
piece N which makes contact with the lower plunger N Fig. 1 in a similar manner
to the centre contact of the lamp holder to the part N Fig. 2 is fixed a plate of
metal p. with suitable binding screws 8. 8. round its circumference
e. e. are arms
or tubes of metal one for each lamp required these are screwed into the sides of
the ball and form one electrode for the lamps and w. w. are wires screwed to 8. 8.
and passing through the centre of e. e. and connected to the lamps in a suitable
manner but preferentially by a holder of the pattern T see Fig. 1.
If required the part p. may be made to revolve on the rod N being turned by
the knob Q and the wires w. w. terminated in brushes which rub against the sides
of p. some parts of the circumference of p being covered with insulating material,
the number of lights in use may be varied at will See Fig. 3. 3a. 3b.
Where the shaded parts represent insulation and the metal parts 1. 2. 3. and 4
represent connections to the lamps-In Fig. 3 all lights are connected In Fig. 3a
Nos 2 and 4 are connected Nos 1 and 3 being extinguished In 36 N° 2 only is
alight and as the whole pendant is free to rotate this light can be brought to any
desired position. This part of the invention may be modified or varied to suit any
number of lights that may be used as desired.
If the pendant is intended for only one light it takes the form of Fig. 1. If for
2 or more lights the attachment Fig. 2 is applied and the necessary connections
can be either made or disconnected in a few minutes, If the attachment shewn in

page_text: Fig. 3 be omitted or the number of lights require to be varied this can be done by
removing the lower part of Fig. 2 at a. b. and disconnecting the leads and the arms
The arms themselves may be disconnected if desired the holes being fitted up by
small ornamental screws or knobs to take their place.
If there are ceiling plates (see A. Fig. 1) fixed in a number of rooms the
pendants can be removed from room to room by simply unfastening the parts E
from A without disturbing the wires or connections.
Although a holder is supplied for the lamps yet a very slight alteration will
render it available for almost any of the capped lamps in the market to suit the
convenience of the user.
Though only two parts sliding into one another are shewn yet three four or
more similar combinations may be used if suitable or necessary. Fusible cut outs
may be inserted either inside or outside the ceiling plate or in the ball attachment
Fig. 2 if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1st A pendant electrolier of rigid material which shall be free to swing through
a certain angle and free to rotate on its vertical axis without damaging or twisting
the leads in that process.
2nd A pendant which shall be capable of being lengthened or shortened within
certain limits at will without the necessity of pulleys or counterweights and
without any interior wires or coils of wires to be damaged or deranged in the
process.
3rd A pendant in which a short circuit is impossible.
4th A. pendant which can be changed from a single to a multiple light electrolier
or vice versa cheaply and expeditiously.
5th A pendant containing its own switch of a novel pattern.
6th The switch aforesaid.
7th The method of extinguishing one or more lights at will.
8th The facility of removing or detaching the pendant without disconnecting
the wires.
9th The combination of the parts forming the pendant Electrolier for the uses
and with the advantages as herein before set forth.
Dated this 24th day of November 1885.