Improvements in Lathes for Turning Irregular Forms.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Feb., 1890-Accepted 29th Mar., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lathes for Turning Irregular Forms.
We JAMES BROOKHOUSE PRESTON of Darlington near Sydney in the Colony of
New South Wales Engineer JOHN SANDROCOTTA MARSHALL of No. 124 Market
Street Sydney in the said Colony Tobacconist and FRANCIS COTTON commonly known
as Frank Cotton of No. 169 Phillip Street Sydney aforesaid Commercial Agent do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to lathes commonly termed "copying lathes" in which a
pattern and the article from which a like form is to be turned are held between
centres on the one line and are travelled past a gouge and a cutting tool respectively
and it has been devised in order to provide a cheap handy economically worked and
effective lathe for turning irregularly shaped bodies specially for turning' wheel
spokes although it would be equally serviceable for turning other articles such as axe
handles gun stocks lasts &c. and the like.
But in order that this invention may be clearly understood reference will now be
made to the drawings herewith in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of a copying
lathe constructed according to this invention, Figure 2 a plan of the same and
Figure 3 an end elevation while Figure 4 is a partial sectional elevation on the
line a a Figure 1.
A is a stand or framing-B a shaft or spindle thereon-C is a secondary frame or
"bed "-D is a guide or gauge and E a revolving tool holder-F is the wood or
material to be turned-A are legs-A' a counter-shaft-A³ bearings-A* and A³
pulleys B are bearings-B' slotted key way-B³ screwed end-B₁ clutch-
B toothed wheel-B is countershaft-B' bearings-B8 driving pulley-B and B10
two pairs of fast and loose pulleys on the respective ends of shaft B-B" is straight
and B crossed belt-B's are pulleys on ends of shaft B-C₁ loose bearings-
C3 bearing having nut therein-03 is iron or metal pattern-(" and Chollow
headstocks (is toothed wheel keyed to pattern - is claw or chisel point on
pattern C3-C is adjustable centre-C handle-C10 weight or counterbalance attached
to bed CD are bearings-D adjusting bolts-E¹ are gauges-E³ set screws-
E spindle-E bearings-E' pulley.
In operation motion being imparted to counter-shaft A' by belts &c. from some
prime motor the counter-shaft B is caused to revolve by belt around pulleys A*
and B and the spindle E³ is likewise revolved by belt around pulleys A and E-
The pattern C say of a wheel spoke having been previously cast of metal the
wheel C is keyed on to its end and it is passed through or laid in headstocks C
and C the blank placed against its claw or chisel point (and the hand wheel C
turned so that it is grasped in the centres-The belts B and B are so manipulated
that one of them is when required placed over the fast pulley of either of the pairs B
and B and so cause shaft B to revolve giving similar motion through wheels B³
and C to the pattern and the blank-The screwed part B³ of shaft B revolving in
ut bearing C gives longitudinal motion to the bed C and the headstocks and wheels
hereon and wheels C and B are kept always in gear by the clutch B' fixed to bed C
Jiding longitudinally with its key in keyway B2 and carrying wheel B' with it as
he bed C travels-The gouges or tools are retained in their sockets in the revolving
older by set screws E* and they are set according to the size the form is required
elatively to the adjustment which the guide D has to the pattern C³-As the tools E¹
evolve and the bed C travels longitudinally backwards and forwards the blank F
akes the form of the pattern C for the weight (10 tends to keep the bed inclined
ver so that the pattern C always has a hard but elastic pressure on the guide D.

page_text: It is to be understood that we have described and shown our copying lathe of the
construction most suitable for working wood yet it is equally well adapted with
variation of cutting tools as well understood to work metals and other substances and
it is also to be understood that the details set forth may be varied in respect to the
size the form and the material of which they may be constructed without departing
from the nature of our invention.
Having now particularly described and explained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
First The combination and arrangement with and on a horizontal shaft of a bed
adapted to swing or pivot on such shaft and to have longitudinal movement thereon
substantially as herein described and explained.
Second The combination and arrangement with a travelling lathe bed having
centres to take a pattern and a blank of a horizontal shaft having a screw at one end
to impart longitudinal motion to the bed and a travelling cog wheel or gear at the
other end to impart revolving motion to the pattern and blank carried by such bed
substantially as herein described and explained.
Third In a lathe for turning irregular patterns the combination and arrangement
with the headstocks on a travelling bed of an iron or metal pattern on one end of
which is fixed part of the driving gear and on the other a clutch grip or chisel point
to take on or into and revolve the blank substantially as herein described and
explained.
Fourth The particular combination and arrangement with a travelling lathe bed
having a pattern on which is keyed a toothed wheel and supporting bearings one of
which contains a female screw of a shaft having on one end a male screw and upon
the other a toothed wheel adapted to slide along said shaft and remain in gear with
the toothed wheel on the pattern substantially as herein described and explained and
as illustrated in the drawing.
Fifth The particular combination and arrangement with a frame and shafting as
shewn of the travelling bed with pattern and blank the guide or gauge the revolving
tool and the other parts making up an improved copying lathe substantially as herein
described and explained and as illustrated in the drawings.
Dated this Twenty-third day of December One thousand eight hundred and
aight-nina