CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW SASHES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW SASHES."-A communi-
cation from abroad by Thomas Fry, of Brooklyn, King's County, and
State of New York, United States of America.
Sealed the 27th July 1860, and dated the 5th March 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton,
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th March 1860.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW SASHES," to be as
follows:-
The object of this Invention of certain improvements in window sashes is to
remove serious disadvantages with which the common sliding sash is attended,
and which disadvantages arise from the fact that the sash cannot be brought
into such a position that its outside can be reached with convenience, and in
some cases it is absolutely necessary to tear off one of the side slats or beads
of the frame in order to be able to remove the sash for cleaning or other
purposes. Another disadvantage is, that a window with this class of sashes
can be opened only half way. If the upper sash is pushed down the lower half

page_text: of the frame is entirely closed, and if the lower sash is raised the upper
half of the frame is closed. These difficulties are removed by the present
Invention, which consists in arranging the sash on a slide or slides which
move up and down in suitable grooves in the frame, and to which slides the
sash is attached by means of pivots in such a manner that the same can be
turned clear round, or nearly so, and that the outside of the sash can con-
veniently be reached. At the same time both sashes are allowed to be turned
edgeways, whereby nearly the whole space of the frame is thrown open to
admit of taking in and out such articles as cannot conveniently be brought up
and down through the house, and also to admit fresh air and cause a thorough
ventilation.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 5th September 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Edward Newton, Her special license that I, the said, William
Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW SASHES," being a commu-
nication from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said William Edward Newton, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby.
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the.
following statement; reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,.
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
The object of this Invention of certain improvements in window sashes is to
obviate, serious inconveniences to which the common sliding sash is liable, and
which inconveniences arise from the fact that the sash cannot be brought into
such a position that its outside can be reached with convenience, and in some
cases it is absolutely necessary to tear off one of the side slats or beads of the
frame in order to be able to remove the sash for cleaning, glazing, or other
purposes. Another inconvenience is that a window with this class of sashes
can be opened only half way; if the upper sash be pushed down the lower half
of the frame will be entirely closed, and if the lower sash be raised the upper
half of the frame will be closed. These difficulties are obviated by the present
Invention, which consists in arranging the sash on a slide or slides which
move up and down in suitable grooves in the frame, and to which slides the
sash is attached by means of pivots in such a manner that they can be turned
clear round or nearly so, and that the outside of the sash can be conveniently.
reached. At the same time both sashes are allowed to be turned edgeways,
whereby nearly the whole space of the frame is thrown open to admit of taking
in and out such articles as cannot conveniently be brought up and down.
through the house, and also to admit fresh air and cause a thorough
ventilation.
This Invention is represented in the accompanying Drawing, in which
Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of one arrangement for effecting the.object
of the Invention; Fig. 2, a horizontal section of the same taken in the plane
indicated by the line x, x, in Fig. 1, and Fig. 2* is a similar sectional view,
shewing the window frame and weight,, and the mode of preventing the sashes
from turning on their pivots accidentally, Similar letters in all the views
refer to corresponding parts.
A represents the frame of a common window in which the sashes B, B',.
slide up and down, being counterbalanced by the weights C, C', in the usual
manner. The grooves a in the side of the frame form guides for the slides
D, D'; and these slides.are wide enough to bring their inner edge flush with
the inside edge of the frame, and the sashes are made to fit nicely between
the slides, being just wide enough to pass freely through between the frame.
The sashes are attached to the slides D, D', by means of pivots b, which may
be in the centre of the slides or nearer to one of their ends, as may be found

page_text: b
most convenient. The pivots instead of being plain pins are made as shewn
When constructed as
in Figs. 3 and 4, or in the form of Figs. 5 and 6.
represented in Figs. 3 and 4 one of the pivots is made with a left-handed
and the other with a right-handed thread, and the female part b¹ is secured in
a mortise in the side of the sash B or B', whereas the male part of the screw
is attached to one of the slides D or D'. By turning the sash in one direction the
pivots unscrew and the slides are forced apart against the sides of the frame A,
thereby retaining the sash in an inclined or in a horizontal position, as may be
desired. By turning the sash in the other direction the pivots screw in and
the slides D'are drawn up against the sides of the sash B, allowing the same to
move up and down freely. If the pivots are constructed as shewn in Figs.
5 and 6, they are made of two cam discs 6 and 6%, formed as shewn in
Fig. 5. The discs are secured to the slides D, and the discs 61 to the
sashes B, and both are forced together by an india-rubber or other spring C*.
The discs are provided with cams d and corresponding recesses d¹, so that by
turning the sashes B, B', the slides D, D', are forced off the sides of the sashes
and against the frame A, thereby retaining the sashes in an inclined or
horizontal position, as may be desired. When the sash is raised or lowered in
the frame A, the slides D, moving in the grooves a, form'its guides, and it can
be turned between the frame on the pivots b to any desired position, as indicated
by the red lines in Fig. 2*. When the sash is to be cleaned, or if a new pane
of glass is to be put in, its outside may be turned in, and it can now be reached
with the same convenience as the inside without disturbing the frame; and if
it is desired to admit fresh air or to ventilate the room, both sashes may be
turned edgeways, and the open space between the frame is almost entirely
thrown open; and if it is desired to bring a safe or any other article in or out
through the window, both sashes may be turned edgeways and raised to the
top of the frame, and the space between the frame is left almost unobstructed.
In order to prevent an accidental turning of the sash, a bolt E (Fig. 2) or
other similar device is provided, which, by being pushed into the grooves a,
retains the sash in a vertical position; such a device may be attached to the
top edge of each sash, or it may be secured to it in any other convenient
manner provided it does not obstruct the raising or lowering of the sash in the
usual manner. Instead of using strips D, D', for the slides, an entire frame
'might be used which would fit into the grooves a in the same manner as the
usual window sashes, and the regular sash would have to fit into this frame,
being connected to the same by means of pivots in the manner above described.
Simple strips however will be more convenient and cheaper, and they serve
the same purpose as full frames.

page_text: Having now described this Invention of "Certain Improvements in Window
Sashes," and having explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I
claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as aforesaid the
improved mode herein set forth of hanging window sashes so that they may
with facility be turned inside out when required.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my
band and seal, the Third day of September in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.B.)