IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO CHARDS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Henry Chadburn, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, for an Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO
CHARDS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Henry Chadburn at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th April 1881.
CHARLES HENRY CHADBURN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
" IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO CHAIRS."
My Invention has for its object a novel construction of chair whereby the seat
and back are spring supported behind, and the chair is capable of being used as an
upright chair, as a reclining chair, and as a rocking chair, at the will of the
occupier.
According to my Invention I construct the seat and back of the chair in one
piece, and separate from the legs or lower frame of the chair. I construct the
lower frame of the chair with an inclined or horizontal upper surface with a raised
front or frame, below which are the legs or feet of the chair, the highest part of
this inclined surface or frame being at the front of the chair and the lower portion
at the back of the chair. The seat and back of the chair are connected to the
lower frame of the chair by hinges or springs (such as horizontal, spiral, or flat
springs) which connect the front of the seat to the front of the lower frame. The
back of the seat is supported from the back of the lower frame or legs or feet of
the chair by means of springs, such as the hour glass, spiral, or other springs, or by
the flat, or C, or spiral springs, connecting the front. The seat and back of the
chair have a semi rocking or swaying motion which can be imparted at the will of
the occupier without the occupier's feet being taken from the ground, To constitute
the chair an upright chair with a rigid or fixed seat I use wedges or equivalent
contrivances, the movement of which in the space formed between the seat and the
lower frame enables the occupier to make the seat rigid. By removing the wedges
the chair becomes a semi rocking or swaying chair.
My Invention is capable of application to most types of chairs, and is particularly
applicable to table chairs or dining room chairs, as by my Invention such chairs
can be readily converted from rigid chairs to easy chairs.
My Invention is also applicable to easy chairs generally and especially to nursery
rocking chairs, and is alike applicable to chairs with or without arms.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Henry Chadburn in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th October 1881.
CHARLES HENRY CHADBURN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO CHAIRS."
My Invention has for its object a novel construction of chair whereby the seat
and back are spring supported behind, and the chair is capable of being used as an
upright chair and as an elastic reclining chair, at the will of the occupier.
According to my Invention I construct the seat and back of the chair in one
piece and separate from the legs or under frame of the chair. I construct the under
frame of the chair with an inclined or horizontal upper surface with a raised front
or frame, below which are the legs or feet of the chair, the highest part of this
inclined surface or frame being at the front of the chair, and the lower portion at
the back of the chair. The seat and back of the chair are connected to the under
frame of the chair by hinges or springs (such as horizontal, spiral, or flat springs)
which connect the front of the seat to the front of the under frame. The back of
the seat is supported from the back of the under frame, or legs, or feet of the
chair by means of springs, such as the hour glass, spiral, or other springs. The
seat and back of the chair have a semi rocking or swaying notion, which can be
imparted at the will of the occupier without the occupier's feet being taken from
the ground. To constitute the chair, an upright chair with a rigid or fixed seat,
I use wedges, catches, and stops. By removing the wedges or catches the chair
becomes an elastic reclining, a semi rocking, or swaying chair.
.
My Invention is capable of application to most types of chairs, and is particularly
applicable to table chairs or dining room chairs, as by my Invention such chairs
can be readily converted from rigid chairs to easy chairs.
My Invention is also applicable to easy chairs generally and especially to nursery
rocking chairs, and is alike applicable to chairs with or without arms.
The beforegoing being the nature and object of my Invention, I will now proceed
to describe more in detail how the same may be put into practical effect, and for
that purpose I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings marked with Figures
and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following explanation, like.
letters being used throughout the various views to denote the same or corresponding
parts.
REFERENCE TO THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a portion of a chair (of the table chair
type) showing the construction and application of my Invention.
Figure 2 is a plan of Figure 1 viewed from the underside.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the stop to be used for the catch.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of a complete chair with my Invention attached
thereto, shown partly in section.
Figure 5 is a side elevation, being an outside view of a chair constructed
according to my Invention, shown in the upright position as a table chair.
Figure 6 is a view of Figure 5, shown in its position as an elastic reclining or
easy chair.
Upon reference it will be seen that I construct the seat A and the back B of the
chair in one piece, and separate from the legs and frame C, D, E, F, of the chair..
I construct the frame D, E, of the chair preferably of an inclined upper surface, the
front D being the highest, to which is fixed the front legs C; the hind legs F being
fixed to the back of the chair, the side frame of the chair C, H, F, see Figure 5,

page_text: having the appearance of an ordinary chair with a strengthening bracket. The
seat and back of the chair A, B, are connected to the under frame of the chair at
the front D by the hinges J or by springs J, the latter of the horizontal spiral type,
as shown in elevation at Figure 7, and in plan at Figure 8, or of the flat type, as
shown in elevation at Figure 9, and in plan at Figure 10. The hinges or springs J,
as shown, connect the front of the seat A to the front legs and frame C, D. The
back of the seat A is supported from the back of the under frame and legs E, F, by
means of the hour glass spiral springs K, which rest on the inclined board or frame
E, as shown at Figures 1, 2, and 4. The back of the under frame is provided with
a casing L on the insides of which are fixed the stops M, M, sec Figures 1, 2, and 3.
Underneath the chair seat I provide the sliding forked catch N which takes into
the stops M, as shown; the catch N is worked by the lever P which projects to the
side of the chair and is within reach of the sitter, as shown. The seat and back of
the chair have a semi rocking or swaying motion on the hinges or springs J as a
fulcrum. This motion can be imparted at the will of the sitter without taking the
feet from the ground, the spring and recovering action being given by the springs K.
To constitute the chair an upright chair with a rigid seat, the catches N are by the
lever P made to engage with the stop M, which through its upper projection also
serves to keep the seat from being thrown too far up by the springs K. The chair
is thus adapted as a rigid chair for table use. By withdrawing the catch N it can
be made an elastic reclining easy chair or rocking chair at will.
Having now described my Invention and shown an example of how the same
may be put into practical operation, I would have it understood that my
Invention is not limited to the precise example and details of construction
shown, but what I claim as my Invention and secured to me by Letters Patent
as aforesaid is,-
First. Constructing chairs with their seats and back in one piece and hinged,
pivotted, or fulcrumed to the front frame and legs, and supported from the back
frame and legs by springs, substantially in the manner herein described and shown
in the Drawings for the purposes specified.
Second. Constructing chairs such as herein described and shown in the Drawings,
whereby the chair can be made rigid, elastic, reclining, or easy, by the use of a
catch, such as P, N; M.
Third. The construction, form, and arrangement of catch gear P, N, M, as herein
described and shown at Figures 1, 2, and 3, of the Drawings hereto annexed.
Fourth. The construction and arrangement of chair as herein described and
particularly shown at Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, of the Drawings hereto annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Henry Chadburn, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty ninth day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.