IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR MOVING HEAVY WEIGHTS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Clarke, of Gateshead, in the County of
Durham, and Edmund Walker, of Poplar, in the County of Middlesex,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR
MOVING HEAVY WEIGHTS."
Sealed the 12th November 1867, and dated the 15th May 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clarke and
Edmund Walker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 15th May 1867.
We, WILLIAM CLARKE, of Gateshead, in the County of Durham, and
EDMUND WALKER, of Poplar, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR RAISING
OR MOVING HEAVY WEIGHTS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention chiefly applies to capstans or apparatus used for raising
heavy weights, or for warping on board ship, but also applies to raising or
moving heavy weights generally.
...The objects of our improvements are mainly, to obtain two distinct powers-
from the same capstan or apparatus by simply reversing the motion, and to..
have the capstan always pauled.
Our capstans or apparatus are constructed as follows: The upper end of a
central vertical shaft has the capstan head secured thereon; this shaft has..

page_text: two clutches applied thereto, one of which acts when the capstan head is turned
in one direction, and the other when it is turned in the opposite direction.
When the capstan head is turned in one direction the upper clutch takes into
the body of the capstan which is made to receive it, and the capstan body
thus turns with the shaft, but should greater power be required the capstan
head is turned in the reverse direction, and the lower clutch then takes into
and drives a pinion mounted loosely on the shaft; this pinion gears into one
or more other pinions mounted on fixed vertical pins or bolts, and these latter
pinions gear into teeth formed round the inside of the capstan body, whereby
the capstan body is caused to turn. Each clutch is formed with one or more
vertical grooves corresponding with feathers on the shaft, so that that clutch
which is not in use may rise clear of the capstan body or of the pinion, as the
case may be. The two clutches being constructed to act in opposite directions
one or other of them always acts as a paul to prevent the return of the capstan.
The capstan body and head are independent of each other. The shaft may
either extend down to the lower deck or terminate at the base of the capstan.
When our apparatus is to be employed for raising anchors an ordinary
chain lifter will be fitted thereto.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Clarke and Edmund Walker in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 15th November 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
CLARKE, of Gateshead, in the County of Durham, and EDMUND WALKER, of
Poplar, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her, most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said William Clarke and Edmund Walker, Her special licence that we, the
said William Clarke and Edmund Walker, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said William Clarke and Edmund Walker,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time. agree with, and
no others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS

page_text: FOR RAISING OR MOVING HEAVY WEIGHTS," upon the condition. (amongst
others) that we, the said William Clarke and Edmund Walker, or one
of us, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our, or one of our or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Clarke and Edmund
Walker, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof; reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed; that is to say :-
Our Invention chiefly applies to capstans or apparatus used for raising
heavy weights, or for warping on board ship, but also applies to raising or
moving heavy weights generally.
The objects of our improvements are mainly to obtain two distinct powers
from the same capstan or apparatus by simply reversing the motion, and to
have the capstan always pauled.
Our capstans or apparatus are constructed as follows:-The upper end of a
central vertical shaft has the capstan head secured. thereon; this shaft has
two clutches applied thereto, one of which acts when the capstan head is turned
in one direction, and the other when it is turned in the opposite direction.
When the capstain head is turned in one direction the upper clutch takes into
the body of the capstan which is made to receive it, and the capstan body
thus turns with the shaft, but should greater power be required the capstan
head is turned in the reverse direction, and the lower clutch then takes into
and drives a pinion mounted loosely on the shaft; this pinion gears into one
or more other pinions mounted on fixed vertical pins or bolts, and these latter
pinions gear into teeth formed round the inside of the capstan body, whereby
the capstan body is caused to turn. Each clutch is formed with one or more
vertical grooves corresponding with feathers on the shaft, so that that clutch
which is not in use may rise clear of the capstan body or of the pinion, as the
case may be. The two clutches being constructed to act in opposite directions
one or other of them always acts as a paul to prevent the return of the capstan.
The capstan body and head are independent of each other. The shaft may
either extend down to the lower deck or terminate at the base of the capstan.
When our apparatus is to be employed for raising anchors an ordinary
chain lifier will be fitted thereto.

page_text: Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a vertical section of a capstan
or apparatus constructed according to our Invention, and intended for
warping.
A is the capstan head formed to receive capstan bars as usual and keyed
to the central vertical shaft or spindle B, which turns freely in the fixed bed
plate C; D, E, are two clutches on the shaft B; each of these clutches is
formed with one or more vertical grooves corresponding to one or more
feathers on the shaft B. The upper clutch D takes into the body F of the
capstan, while the lower clutch E has its horns formed in the opposite direction
and takes into a pinion G mounted loosely on the shaft B. When speed is
required the head A is turned in one direction and the clutch D drives or
turns the capstan body F, the lower clutch E at the same time rising on the
shaft B and riding over the corresponding horns of the pinion G; but when
power is required the head A is turned in the reverse direction. The clutch D
then rises clear of the corresponding horns of the body F, and the lower
clutch E takes into and turns the pinion G; this pinion in its turn turns
other pinions H, H, mounted on fixed vertical pins or bolts I, I, and these
pinions H, H, which gear into teeth K, K, formed inside the capstan body F
cause the body to turn. L, L, are stop pauls which however may be dis-
pensed with, as one or other of the clutches D, E, always acts as a paul to
prevent the return of the capstan.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of a capstan suitable for raising anchors.
Similar letters to those in Figure 1 indicate the same parts. M is a chain wheel
or lifter to haul in the anchor chain. The other parts of the capstan are the same
as that shown in Figure 1, except that instead of employing two clutches to
act in opposite directions I employ a double clutch D¹, that is to say, a clutch
with horns at the upper side to take into the capstan body F, and with horns
at the under side to take into the pinion G; this clutch is not self-acting, but
requires to be raised or lowered. (as the case may be) on the shaft B when the
power is to be altered. The raising and lowering may be effected by means
of a rod N carried from the clutch D' up the centre of the shaft B and formed
at its upper end with a screw thread, which takes into a corresponding female
thread in the centre of a cap O free to turn independent of the head A; then
by turning the cap O round by means of an arm P, or otherwise, the rod N and
clutch D¹ are raised or lowered as required; or instead of a screw thread on
the rod N a lever handle may be connected excentrically to the upper end of
this rod, so that by raising or lowering the handle the rod and clutch are
likewise raised or lowered; or any other convenient appliance may be
adopted for raising and lowering the clutch D'.

page_text: And baving now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim,―
First, constructing capstans or apparatus for raising or moving heavy
weights, in which two clutches or their equivalent in the form of a double
horned clutch are arranged and act, substantially as herein-before described
and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
Second, the combination or arrangement of parts of capstans or apparatus,
substantially as herein-before described and represented in the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edmund Walker, for myself and on
behalf of the said William Clarke, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Fourteenth day of November, One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-seven.
EDMP WALKER. (L.S.)
EDMD. WALKER. (L.S.)