Improvements in Brick Presses.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 30th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brick Presses.
I THOMAS WHITTAKER of 141 Burnley Road Accrington in the County of
Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Bricks made by pressure in moulds from pulverulent, semidry or semi-plastic
materials are apt when burned to be more or less porous or absorbent to an
undesirable degree.
It has been found in practice that if such bricks are again subjected to pressure
in a mould before burning that they come out of the kilus with a hard impervious
surface that practically prevents the absorption of moisture.
Now the object of my invention is to provide a machine or apparatus in which the
material is first formed into bricks by pressure in a mould and in which the formed
brick is afterwards subjected to pressure in a second mould.
A machine or apparatus uuder my invention has the following features in combi-
nation, a pair of moulds one in advance of the other, two sets of plungers or dies
acting simultaneously, and pressing the brick in both moulds at the same time, from
both top and bottom sides, apparatus for feeding pulverulent material to the first
mould and apparatus for conveying the brick ejected from the first mould to the
second mould.
The second mould is of slightly greater area than the first mould, and the faces
of the plungers or dies approach each other more closely than in the first mould.
Two or more pairs of moulds and accessories may be used on one machine or
apparatus.
The lower plunger or die of the second mould remains at the level of the table
of the machine until the brick made in the first mould is deposited thereon.
The plungers or dies may be heated with steam or lubricated with oil, or by
both if necessary.
Per pro J. T. KING,
J. Johnson,
Agent
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brick Presses.
I THOMAS WHITTAKER of 141 Burnley Road Accrington in the County of
Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Bricks made by pressure in moulds from pulverulent semidry or semi-plastic
materials are apt when burned to be more or less porous or absorbent of moisture
to an undesirable degree.
It has been found in practice that if bricks are again subjected to pressure in a
mould before burning they come out of the kilns with a hard impervious surface
which practically prevents the absorption of moisture.
Now the object of my invention is to provide a machine or apparatus in which
the material is first formed into bricks by pressure in a mould and in which the
formed brick is afterwards subjected to pressure in a second mould.
A machine or apparatus under my invention has the following features in com-
bination, a pair of moulds one in advance of the other, two sets of plungers or dies
וני

page_text: of more pans of mouius and accessories may be used on one machine or
apparatus.
The lower plunger or die of the second mould remains at the level of the table of
the machine until the brick made in the first mould is deposited thereon.
The plungers or dies may be heated with steam or lubricated with oil or by both
if necessary.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section, Fig. 2 an end view part being in section,
and Fig. 3 a side elevation all of a brick press constructed in accordance with my
invention.
The
1 are the side frames of the press which are held in position and framed together
by the struts 2 and mould cheeks 3. On the inside of the said frames 1 at the top
are grooves 4 into which the pieces forming the moulds fit. The said moulds are
formed of separable plates and blocks which may be readily taken apart and
replaced when either by reason of wear or otherwise it is desirable to do so.
second or repressing mould 5 is placed directly in front of the first or forming
mould 6 from which it is divided by a midfeather or septum 7. The said septum 7
like the other parts of the moulds is made with liners in the usual way so as to
allow of repair without entire replacement.
which
The first or forming mould 6 is slightly less in its longitudinal and transverse
dimensions than the second or repressing mould so as to allow the brick ejected
from the said mould 6 to drop into the mould 5 for re-pressure. The top plunger 8
which works in the mould 6 is slightly shorter than the top plunger
works in the mould 5, so that the brick coming out of the forming mould 6 is
slightly larger than the brick when it has been re-pressed in the mould 5 and extra
pressure is thereby obtained in the repressing mould. These two moulds might for
convenience and cheapness be cast all in one piece with thin liners on the wearing
faces, instead of being built up as shown.
The two top plungers are attached to the crosshead 22 which moves in the
slides 17. The movement of these two top plungers is simultaneous, as they are
both attached to one and the same crosshead. The pressure on the brick on
the underside is derived from the drop box 12, which is actuated by a cam 13. The
lower plunger 10 of the forming mould 6 is in one piece, but the plunger of the
repressing mould 5 is in two pieces namely a panel piece 11 which is attached to
the drop box 12 and a facing piece 11* which is in the form of a frame which
envelopes and slides over the panel piece 11. The facing piece 11* is held up level
with the table by the rods 24 one on each side of the mould until the brick made
in mould 6 is pushed by the feed carriage 16 on to the said facing piece 11* after
which the said brick sinks along with the said facing piece 11* as the crosshead 22
falls. The panel piece 11 which indents the lower side of the brick and which is
attached to the drop box 12 sinks down by action of the cam 13 on the said drop
box 12 preparatory to the mould 6 being charged with pulverulent material by the
feed carriage 16. In this way said panel piece 11 which would otherwise project
from the face of the facing piece 11* and prevent the brick just re-pressed from
being pushed forward as well as the brick from the mould 6 from being placed in
position for re-pressure, is withdrawn out of the way. When the movement of
the crosshead 22 from which the facing piece 11* is freely suspended by the rods 24
has allowed the facing piece 11* to fall down on to the drop box 12, the said
pieces 11 and 11* act together as one entire piece during the pressing period and
simultaneously with the plunger 10. Both the top and bottom plungers of both

page_text: moulds are heated by steam which circulates through the entire system as is now
well known. 15 is a lever pivotted at 15* on which the drop box 12 rests during
the period of the filling of the mould 6 with pulverulent material by the feed
carriage 16. The position of one end 27 of the said lever 15 is regulated by the
screw 19 and hand-wheel 20 which act on a buffer 26 forming part of a nut 18
engaging with the said screw 19. 18* are guides for the nut to prevent its turning
on the said screw 19. As the buffer is raised or lowered more or less motion is
allowed to the lever 15. 25 is a weight placed on the other end 28 of the lever 15
to act as a counterpoise to the drop box 12.
By raising or depressing the said lever 15 so as to allow the plunger 10 to fall a
greater or less distance, more or less material is taken into the first mould 6 and so
the density of the finished brick may be regulated to the varying material used.
The upper and lower plunger faces are always-when finishing pressing the same
distance apart so that the density of the bricks may be varied whilst dimensions
remain constant.
The feed carriage 16 in bringing up a charge of pulverulent material for the
mould 6 pushes forward on to the face piece 11* the brick which would at this
period be standing on the face of the plunger 10 level with the table. This brick
in its turn pushes forward the re-pressed brick standing on the face piece 11*.
On account of the feed carriage 16 only just delivering the brick from mould 6 on
to the face piece 11 the brick in front would not be sufficiently clear of the
descending plunger 9. For the purpose of overcoming this the endless travelling
belt 29 is used. The finished brick is pushed by the brick behind it far enough for
the belt to get hold of it, this belt then carries it forward. 14 are adjustable
slides in which the drop box 12 moves up and down. 21 are fixings for carrying
the regulating screw 19. The facing piece 11x has projections 30 to which the
upright rods 24 are attached, these rods pass freely up through holes in the end
blocks of the mould and through the crosshead 22. On the upper end of these
rods are one or more nuts 31 against which the crosshead acts when in motion, and
by which the facing piece 11* of the plunger is suspended. By means of the
nuts 31 the upper face of the piece 11* may be adjusted to the level of the table,
in order to receive and deliver the bricks to and from the re-pressing mould
without damage.
The driving gear and steam connections are of any usual construction arranged
in any suitable way. One press may operate two or more pairs of moulds.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
First. In brick presses the combination of two fixed moulds one in advance of
the other and one slightly larger than the other with plungers for each mould
acting simultaneously, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Second. In brick presses, the combination of two moulds one in advanee of and
slightly larger than the other with plungers acting simultaneously, and mechanism
for moving the bricks forward, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Third. In brick presses having two moulds one in advance of the other, mechanism
for adjusting the fall of the lower plunger of the first acting mould for the purpose
set forth.
Fourth. In brick presses having two moulds one in advance of the other,
constructing the lower plunger in two parts one of which is freely suspended from
the crosshead of the upper plunger for the purpose set forth.
Per pro J. T. KING,
J. Johnson,
Agent.
Per pro J. T. KING,
J. Johnson,
Agent.