IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR REDUCING TIN STUFF AND OTHER PARTIALLY PULVERIZED ORES TO EXTRACT THE METAL THEREFROM, AND ALSO FOR GRINDING PAINT, CEMENT, AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES, TOGETHER WITH FEED APPARATUS THEREFOR, WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PULVERIZERS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Henry Stephens, of Breage, near
Helston, in the County of Cornwall, for the Invention of " IMPROVED
MACHINERY FOR REDUCING TIN STUFF AND OTHER PARTIALLY PULVERIZED
ORES TO EXTRACT THE METAL THEREFROM, AND ALSO FOR GRINDING PAINT,
CEMENT, AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES, TOGETHER WITH FEED APPARATUS
THEREFOR, WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PULVERIZERS."
Sealed the 9th August 1872, and dated the 5th March 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Henry Stephens
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 5th March 1872.
I, SAMUEL HENRY STEPHENS, of Breage, near Helston, in the County
of Cornwall, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR REDUCING TIN STUFF AND OTHER PARTIALLy Pul-
VERIZED ORES TO EXTRACT THE METAL THEREFROM, AND ALSO FOR GRINDING PAINT,
CEMENT, AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES, TOGETHER WITH FEED APPARATUS THEREFOR,
WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PULVERIZERS," to be as follows:-

page_text: used for reducing partially pulverized tin stuff and other ores, commonly
called "
roughs" or skrimpings to a finer state for the purpose of
extracting the metal therefrom, and also for grinding paint, cement,
and other hard substances; and, 2ndly, to improved apparatus for
feeding or supplying the ores or materials to be acted upon to the 5
said pulverizer, or to ordinary stamps, or other pulverizing machinery.
The first part of my Invention relates to improvements on the
grinding machine described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to me, and bearing date May 28th, 1870, No. 1561.
In the present Invention the machine consists of a fixed grinding 1
pan, in which revolves the muller or frame, carrying shoes, by which
the stuff is reduced as in the former case; but the parts and their
appurtenances are constructed differently, as will be evident from the
following description :-
The pan is mounted on legs, and has a central tube or bearing rising
from the bottom, through which a vertical shaft passes, on which the
muller is mounted, the said shaft being stepped in a bearing supported
on a bridge piece beneath the pan. The rubbing surface of the pan is
annular, and raised above the level of the bottom. It is made in segments
of cast iron, with wood interposed between the edges of each segment to 2
assist in fixing the same and arrest any very hard stuff, which would cut
the rubbing surface if it were continuous. These segments are further
retained in place by the sides of the pan and by an inner ring or circular
rib cast on the bottom of the pan.
The muller consists of a conical boss fitted over the central tubular 2
bearing in the pan, and mounted on the top of the vertical shaft, with a
groove and feather connection to admit of its vertical adjustment by
means of a set screw working in the head of the conical boss. The boss
is flanged at bottom, and carries a frame having radial arms, at the
extremities of which the upper rubbers or shoes are fixed. These shoes a
each consist of a flat iron plate curved to the circle in which it moves,
and having its beading edge curved obliquely and bevelled so as to
conduct the stuff beneath its rubbing surface. These shoes rotate imme-
diately beneath an annular cover, fixed about mid height around the
inside of the pan to keep the stuff down, the said cover being made a
removable in order to obtain free access to the rubbing parts. The
.

page_text: muller is rotated by bevel gearing from a main shaft, passing directly
beneath the footstep bearing of the vertical shaft, so that any number of
machines may be driven from the same shaft, means being provided for
throwing any machine out of gear when not in use.
The stuff mixed with water is supplied to a receiving chamber formed
at the side of the pan, whence it passes directly on to the rubbing
surface of the pan, and when sufficiently comminuted by the action of
the machine it passes out at a discharging chamber at the opposite side
of the pan, as in the said former Patent, except that no magnets are
employed in the discharge chamber, which moreover is differently con-
structed. In this case the discharge chamber is situated above the level
of the annular cover before mentioned as being fixed around the inside
of the pan, so that only the finely reduced particles can rise sufficiently
high to flow out at the discharge gate, which is further provided with
sluices.
Two arrangements of feed apparatus may be used in connection with
this grinder for supplying the pulverized ore thereto, either being
employed according to the nature of the materials to be supplied.
They may also be used in connection with other machines, as before
mentioned.
•
One arrangement consists of a vertical cylindrical hopper or tub, in
which the roughs or pulverized ore is placed. A vertical shaft armed
with blades is mounted within the hopper to work the ore down to a
gate at bottom, where it is swept out by a delivery blade or striker fixed
on a vertical shaft, and revolving partly within the hopper. The ore is
delivered on to a launder, where a stream of water is supplied to
take it up and convey it to the receiving chamber of the grinding
pan.
The other arrangement of feeding apparatus consists of a tank or
chamber, in which a supply of ore or tin stuff is placed. Water is supplied
to one end of this tank, which may have longitudinal partitions, and at
the other end is a sliding gate or sluice, from the outlet of which the
water and partially pulverized ore flows into a launder, conveying it
to the grinding or other machine to which it may be applied. The sluice.
gate is opened gradually as the supply of ore in the tank is worked off,
the gate being operated by gearing connected with the driving shaft of
the pulverizer. This gearing is provided with means for automatically

page_text: .
throwing it out of gear with said driving shaft when the gate is at its
lowest and the supply of ore in the tank is exhausted. The slide or
sluice gate is connected to a screw shaft passing through a nut in the
boss of a worm wheel, mounted in suitable bearings, and gearing with a
worm on a shaft carrying a spur wheel, operated by a pinion on the
driving shaft. The pinion is fitted to slide on the shaft with a groove
and feather connection, so that it can be thrown out of gear by a fork
connected to a lever, operated by a tappet on the sliding gate.
When this improved water feed is employed it is impossible for
particles of too large a size to be fed to the grinding machine, as the
heavy substances will not wash out with the water, but remain at the
bottom of the tank.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Henry Stephens in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th September 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
HENRY STEPHENS, of Breage, near Helston, in the County of Cornwall,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and graut unto me, the said Samuel Henry Stephens, Her special
licence that I, the said Samuel Henry Stephens, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel Henry
Stephens, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no.others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR REDUCING TIN STUFF AND OTHER PARTIALLY PUL-
VERIZED ORES TO EXTRACT THE METAL THEREFROM, AND ALSO FOR GRINDING PAINT,
CEMENT, AND OTHER HARD SUBSTANCES, TOGETHER WITH FEED APPARATUS THERE-
FOR, WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PULVERIZERS," upon the condition

page_text: very Ju
wacy
(amongst others) that I, the said Samuel Henry Stephens, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Henry Stephens, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is
to say) :-
My Invention relates, 1st, to an improved pulverizer or grinder to be
used for reducing partially pulverized tin stuff and other ores, commonly
called "roughs" or skrimpings, or "burnt leavings," to a finer state for
the purpose of extracting the metal therefrom, and also for grinding
paint, cement, and other hard substances; and, 2ndly, to improved
apparatus for feeding or supplying the ores or materials to be acted upon
to the said pulverizer, or to ordinary stamps, or other pulverizing
machinery.
The first part of my Invention relates to improvements on the grinding
machine described in the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me,
and bearing date May 28th 1870, No. 1561.
In the present Invention the machine consists of a fixed grinding pan,
in which revolves the muller or frame carrying the shoes by which
the stuff is reduced, as in the former case, but the parts and their
appurtenances are constructed differently, as will be evident from the
following description :-
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of the pulverizer and one arrangement
of feed apparatus on line 1-1, Figure 2, which is a horizontal section of
same on line 2-2, Figure 1, the muller being removed. Figure 3 is a
top plan of the muller shown separately. Figure 4 is a section of the
pan on line 3-3, Figure 2, showing the receiving and discharge chambers.
Figure 5 is an under side view of the annular cover in the pan, beneath

page_text: which the grinding shoes of the muller revolve. Figure 6 shows; plan
and edge views of one of the shoes detached.
A is the grinding pan of cast iron, mounted on legs B and having a
central tube or boss a rising from the bottom to form a bearing for a
vertical shaft C, on which a muller D is mounted. The shaft C is
stepped in a bearing supported on a bridge piece b bolted to the bottom
of the pan A. The rubbing surface of the pan is annular and raised
above the level of the bottom. It is made in segments c of cast iron,
with strips of wood d interposed between the segments c to assist in
fixing the same and serving by their softer nature to arrest any very hard
stuff which would cut the iron rubbing surface if it were continuous.
These segments care further retained in place by the sides A¹ of the
pan, and by an inner ring or circular rib e cast on the bottom of the
pan. The muller D is carried on a conical boss f fitted over the bearing
a, and mounted on the top of the vertical shaft C. The boss fis fitted
to rotate with the shaft C by a groove and feather connection to admit of
the boss being adjusted at any required position by means of a set
screw g working in the head of the boss f and resting on the top of
shaft C. The screw g, which thus serves to regulate the pressure of the
muller on the grinding surface, is operated by a hand wheel g¹ keyed
thereon, and carries a jam nut g² and hand wheel to fix the screw in any
position. The boss f has a flange f¹ at bottom, on which rests the frame
or muller D, having radial arms D¹, to the extremities of which the
upper rubbers or shoes E are fixed by a lug h, dovetailed in a mortise
in arm D' and secured by a key h¹. These shoes E each consist of a flat
iron plate curved to the circle in which it moves, and having its leading
edge curved obliquely and bevelled or undercut, as shown in the
detached view, Figure 6, so as to conduct the stuff beneath its grinding
surface. These shoes rotate immediately beneath an annular cover F
of wood or metal situate about mid height in the pan to keep the stuff
down, the said cover being made removable in order to obtain free access
to the grinding parts. This cover is provided with a number of pallets k
fixed to its under side and projecting downwards to prevent the stuff
being carried round in the pan by the rotation of the muller. The cover
F is also pierced with a number of holes k to allow of the finely
pulverized particles rising and passing to the discharge chamber.
If required to more effectually check the circular motion of the pulp
this cover may have rotary motion imparted to it in the reverse direction

page_text: cases.
to the motion of the muller by means of suitable wheel gearing, but this
will generally be unnecessary, the fixed cover being effectual in most
The muller D is rotated by bevel gearing C¹, G¹, from a main
shaft G passing directly beneath the footstep bearing 6 of the vertical
shaft C, so that any number of machines may be driven from the same
shaft G, means being provided for throwing any machine out of action
when not in use by making wheel G¹ loose on its shaft, so that it can be
geared therewith when required by means of a suitable clutch. The
stuff mixed with water is supplied to a receiving chamber H formed at
the side of the pan and communicating therewith below cover F, and
passes directly on to the rubbing surface C of the pan and is subjected to
the action of the shoes E. When sufficiently comminuted it passes out
at a discharging chamber I at the opposite side of the pan, as in the said
former Patent, except that no magnets are employed in the discharge
chamber I, which moreover is differently constructed. In this case the
discharge chamber is situated above the level of the annular cover F, so
that only the finely reduced particles can rise through the holes in the
cover sufficiently high to flow out at the discharge gate, which is further
provided with sluices at I'.
Two arrangements of feed apparatus may be used in connection with
this grinder for supplying the pulverized ore thereto, one or other being
employed according to the nature of the materials to be supplied.
They may also be used in connection with other machines, as before
mentioned.
One arrangement is shown combined with the pulverizer in Figures 1
and 2. It consists of a vertical cylindrical hopper or tub K, in which
the roughs or partially pulverized ore is placed. A vertical shaft z,
armed with blades ¹, is mounted within the hopper K to work the ore
down to a gate 7 at bottom, where it is swept out by a delivery blade or
striker m revolving partly within the gate and fixed on a shaft L driven
from shaft G, driving the shaft z by gearing as shown. The ore is thus
delivered without the aid of manual labor from the hopper on to a
launder M, to which a stream of water is supplied through a pipe at the
place where the striker delivers the ore from the hopper to take it up
and convey it to the receiving chamber of the grinding pan or other
machine as the case may be.
The other arrangement of feeding apparatus, which I term a water
feed, is illustrated in Figures 7, 8, and 9. Figure 7 is a central longi-

page_text: tudinal vertical section of the apparatus, Figure S a front view, and
Figure 9 a plan of same.
N is a tank or chamber, which may or may not be divided by longi-
tudinal partitions N¹ into compartments leading to a common outlet at
the front end. In this tank, which is of considerable dimensions, a
supply of partially pulverized ore, or tin stuff, or other material to be
fed is placed. Water is supplied to this tank by a movable trough O at
a point more or less distant from the rear end of the tank, so as to wash
more or less of the ore or material' out at the other end, which is pro-
vided with a sliding gate or sluice o, from which the water and partially
pulverized ore flows into a launder P, conveying it to the grinding or
other machine to which it may be applied. The transverse part O¹ of
the trough O rests on the sides of the tank, and the entire trough may
be shifted back to any desired position, so that by passing over a greater
or less extent the water may carry more or less stuff to the grinder
according to the capacity of the latter to reduce it. Outlets are provided
in the transverse part O', which distribute the water equally to the
several divisions of the tank. The sluice gate is opened gradually as
the supply of material in the tank is worked off, the gate o being
operated by gearing connected with the driving shaft of the machine to
which this water feed is applied. This gearing is provided with means
for automatically throwing it out of gear with said driving shaft when
the gate is at its lowest and the supply of ore in the tank is exhausted.
The slide or sluice gate o is connected to a screw shaft p passing through
a nut q in the boss of a worm wheel mounted in suitable bearings
fixed to the cross bar of the framing. Wheel r gears with a worm s on
a shaft carrying a spur wheel u operated by a pinion on the driving
shaft G of the pulverizer or other machine. The pinion v is fitted to
slide on the shaft G with a groove and feather connection, so that it can
be thrown out of gear by a fork w connected to a lever x pivoted at x¹
to the framing and operated by a tappet y on the sliding gate o. When
this improved water feed is employed it is impossible for particles of too
large a size to be fed to the grinding machine as the heavy substances
will not wash out with the water, but gravitate to and remain at the
bottom of the tank.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and manner of
performing the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to
be protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,--

page_text: 1st. The upper grinders or shoes E made in the form of a flat iron
plate, with the front edges bevelled or undercut and curved, arranged
and applied substantially as and for the purpose set forth and illustrated
in Figures 1, 3, and 6 of the Drawings.
2ndly. Making the annular grinding surface of the pan in segments c
fixed to the bottom of the pan with wood d between the segments, sub-
stantially as shown in Figure 2, and for the purpose specified.
3rdly. The raised ring or circular rib e cast on the bottom of the
grinding pan for holding the segments c in place, substantially as shown
and described.
4thly. The conical boss f for carrying the muller, mounted on a
vertical shaft C and rendered vertically adjustable, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
5thly. Supporting the muller D, constructed as described on the
flange f¹ of the conical boss f, substantially in the manner shown and
described.
.
6thly. The annular stationary or rotating cover F, constructed as
described, situated immediately over the rotating shoes of the muller,
and with the discharge chamber I arranged relatively thereto, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose specified.
7thly. The combination in one machine suitable for grinding tin
stuff, cement, and other hard substances of the several improvements
comprised in the foregoing, the whole arranged substantially as de-
scribed and illustrated in the Drawings.
8thly. In the improved feed apparatus shown in Figures 1 and 2, to
be applied to a grinding or other machine before mentioned, I claim
the combination of the blades z¹ on shaft z revolving within a vertical
cylindrical hopper or tub K with a rotating blade or striker m for
delivering the stuff from the gate of the hopper, substantially as described
and shown in the Drawings.
9thly. The improved water feed, shown in Figures 7, 8, and 9, to be
applied to a grinding or other machine, consisting of a tank or cistern
containing the stuff to be fed, through which a stream of water is caused
to flow to wash out the finer particles of the material and allow the
heavier bodies to gravitate to the bottom of the tank, substantially as
described.

page_text: 10thly. The slide or sluice gate o applied to the water feed tank or
cistern and lowered gradually as the level of the material in the tank
falls, substantially as shown and described.
11thly. The mechanism for opening the sluice gate o and automatically
throwing it out of gear with the motive power when the gate is fully
opened, arranged and operating as described and illustrated in Figures 7,
8, and 9.
12thly. The trough O,-O¹, capable of being shifted along the tank N
for conveying the stream of water at any point thereto, as and for the
purpose specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Henry Stephens, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.