IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTS TO FACILITATE THE RECEPTION, CONVEYANCE, AND DISCHARGE OF ROAD SWEEPINGS, SEWAGE, LIQUID MANURE, WATER, AND OTHER MATTERS." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Gledhill, of No. 41, Flint Street, Walworth, in the
County of Surrey, Surveyor, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTS
TO FACILITATE THE RECEPTION, CONVEYANCE, AND DISCHARGE OF ROAD
SWEEPINGS, SEWAGE, LIQUID MANURE, WATER, AND OTHER MATTERS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Gledhill at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th March 1877.
JAMES GLEDHILL, of No. 41, Flint Street, Walworth, in the County of Surrey,
Surveyor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTS TO FACILITATE THE RECEPTION, CONVEYANCE,
AND DISCHARGE OF ROAD SWEEPINGS, SEWAGE, LIQUID MANURE, WATER, AND OTHER
MATTERS."
The carts at present in use for the reception and conveyance of road sweepings
and other matters are formed generally high, heavy, and cumbersome, requiring a
considerable expenditure of horse power in drawing the load, as well as of manual
labour in loading and unloading. Great annoyance to the public is also occasioned
by the frequent splashing of the slop and fluids while loading, as well as in con-
veying the load along the streets or ways. In the discharge of the load, the
concussion of the pummels of the cart on the ground being great, the iron and
woodwork in a very short time become loosened and destroyed, entailing con-
siderable expenses for repair. The object of this Invention is to remedy in a great
degree these defects.
According to my improvements the axle of the main wheels is cranked, and the
longer part of it is formed parallel to the arm for each wheel on the sides of the
cart, or at an angle to the same. I form the inner angles of this axle of the full
thickness of the metal, whilst the outer angles or edges are hammered or feathered
out to increase the width of it and add strength to the parts where the greatest
strain is required. This cranked axle is applied in position so as to be in a line
with the draught of the cart or at an angle with such line of draught. I employ
a third bearing wheel in front in addition to the two main carrying wheels.
This front wheel revolves in pivots at the ends in the fork of a vertical axle, which
axle is capable of revolving in a corresponding vertical socket formed in the
...

page_text: shoulder of forked curved stays, the forked ends of which are bolted or welded to
the crank axle; this front wheel takes the front weight in place of shafts. The
shafts are fitted on this vertical arm of the front wheel so that the shaft and front
wheel are capable of turning in directions either side of the centre line of draught.
The body of the cart is formed and supported so as to be capable of turning on
short axles in bearings bolted to the crank axle. The body in turning over works
clear of the crank axle as well as of the ground. It is also capable of shooting its
contents backwards or forwards, and the back or front of it may be lowered or
raised to any point on its axis and fixed as desired. These motions are effected by
means of spur and screw gear at the pleasure of the attendant; a brake is also used
when required. The sides of the body are each formed to an angle with the bottom,
which is inclined to the centre. The top, front, and back of the body are formed
to an angle, sloping upwards.
The body may be covered, and distributors fixed for watering and for distributing
liquid manure and other semi-fluid matter by means of grooves cut in the upper
edges of the front and back ends of the body.
I also in some cases enclose the body in an outor cover fixed at its sides and front
on the parts of the crank axle; in this case the axle answers in place of frame-
work to the body. The top of this cover is provided with lids or leaves made to
fold on each other by means of hinges to cover from view the contents of the body
of the cart.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Gledhill in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th
September 1877.
JAMES GLEDHILL, of No. 41, Flint Street, Walworth, in the County of Surrey,
Surveyor. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARTS TO FACILITATE THE RECEPTION, CONVEYANCE,
AND DISCHARGE OF ROAD SWEEPINGS, SEWAGE, LIQUID MANURE, WATER, AND OTHER
MATTERS."
The carts at present in use for the reception and conveyance of road sweepings
and other matters are formed generally high, heavy, and cumbersome, requiring a
considerable expenditure of horse power in drawing the load, as well as of manual
labour in loading and unloading. Great annoyance to the public is also occasioned
by the frequent splashing of the slop and fluids while loading, as well as in con-
veying the load along the streets or ways. In the discharge of the load, the con-
cussion of the pummels of the cart on the ground being great, the iron and
woodwork in a very short time become loosened and destroyed, entailing consider-
able expenses for repair. The object of this Invention is to remedy in a great
degree these defects.
According to my improvements the axle of the main wheels is cranked, and the
longer part of it is formed parallel to the arm for each wheel on the sides of the
cart, or at an angle to the same. I form the inner angles of this axle of the full
thickness of the metal, whilst the outer angles or edges are hammered or feathered
out to increase the width of it and add strength to the parts where the greatest
strain is required. This cranked axle is applied in position so as to be in a line
with the draught to the cart or at an angle with such line of draught. I employ
a third bearing wheel in front in addition to tho two main carrying wheels. This
front wheel revolves in pivots at the ends in the fork of a vertical axle, which axle
is capable of revolving in a corresponding vertical socket formed in the shoulder of
forked curved stays, the forked ends of which are bolted or welded to the crank
axle. This front wheel takes the front weight in place of shafts. The shafts are
fitted on this vertical arm of the front wheel so that the shaft and front wheel are
capable of turning in directions either side of the centre line of draught,

page_text: The body of the cart is formed and supported so as to be capable of turning on
short axles in bearings bolted to the crank axle. The body in turning over works
clear of the crank axlo, as well as of the ground. It is also capable of shooting its
contents backwards or forwards, and the back or front of it may be lowered or
raised to any point on its axis and fixed as desired. These motions are effected by
means of spur and screw gear at the pleasure of the attendant; a break is also used
when required. The top, front, and back of the body are formed to an anglo
sloping upwards.
But that the Invention may be the better understood, I will, by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings, proceed more fully to describe means I adopt in carrying
the same into effect
Figure 1 shows a side and Figure 2 a plan view of a cart arranged according
to my Invention; Figure 3 represents an opposite side view of parts, and Figures 4
and 5 details separately.
In each of the views the same letters indicate corresponding parts.
a, a, represent the main bearing wheels, and b the third bearing wheel. The
axles c, c, of the wheels a, a, are cranked, and, as shewn, are rivetted at the side
parts thereof c², c¹, to the connecting portion c², c³, of such axle, and this por-
tion c², c³, is, as represented, formed of angle iron, though it may be entirely, with
the axles c, c, formed in one piece, and of the full thickness of the metal at the
inner end of those axles, whilst the parts c, c, are feathered or angled so as to
facilitate the attainment of strength where the greatest strength is required with
lightness to the other parts. The part clics, as will be seen, in a line with the
line of draught. The third bearing wheel b revolves in pivots or on an axle b¹
carried by sockets formed for the purpose in the lower ends of the fork & of the
vertical axle d; and this axle d is capable of revolving in a corresponding
socket e¹ formed to receive it in the forked stays c, which are bolted or may be
welded to the crank axle or parts thereof c³. This front wheel b takes the front
weight of the load in the cart, whilst the shafts, parts of which are shown at ƒ, ƒ,
are connected by the hinge rod f¹ and eyes g to the cross piece h, which is keyed
to the upper end of the axle d' so as to effect the turning of that axle. i is the
body of the cart, to which is applied on the opposite sides thereof by means of the
arms the short axles j, by which the body is supported to turn in bearings j
bolted to the parts of the crank axle. It will be seen that the body i may
turn over on these axes ; clear of the part of the axle of the main bearing
wheels a.
To facilitate the adjustment of the level of the body of the cart to the level of the
road along which it may for the time be drawn, or to aid in turning it over, there
is applied to one side of the body the tooth wheel 7, the teeth of which are taken
into by the teeth of the screw wheel m, the axis m' of which is capable of revolving
as well as of inoving endwise in bearings n carried by the parts on that side of
the cart. This axis m¹ is formed at each end of it so as to receive and be turned
by a key o, or it may be turned by other suitable means, and it is held in position
to retain the screw m in gear with the wheel by the hinged clip p, by lifting
which the spindle m¹ will be free to slide in its bearings n so as to free the screw m
of the teeth of the wheel / when required.
The dotted lines q represent boards hinged together and to a stationary board or
seat q' applied so as to be capable when required of folding over, and thus forming
a cover to the top of the cart to hide its contents. This cover may also be carried
round so as entirely to enclose the body of the cart when the axle, or parts thereof,
supports such framework. The folding cover folds on to the driver's seat q¹, and
then still forms a seat, as shown.
Distributors may also be applied for the use of the cart for watering roads or
other places, or for distributing liquid manure or other semi-fluid matter. For these

page_text: latter purposes grooves may be cut in the upper edges of the front and back ends of
the body. is a clip embracing the wheel, and connected to the screw r², which
passes through the screwed socket carried by the stationary bracket ³, and has
applied to it the handle wheel or other suitable handle, by which the clip may
be caused when desired to act forcibly as a brake on the surface of the wheel. to.
hold it and the body of the cart from rocking on the pivots or axles j.
Having thus described my Invention, and means which I adopt in carrying the
same into effect, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself to the
precise details shewn, as these may be varied without departing from the peculiar
character of the Invention, but what I claim is, the arranging or combining parts.
forming carts for the purposes referred to, whereby the axle of the main carriage
wheels a, a, is cranked, and the body is suspended with capability of motion, and
such motion is capable of being controlled, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Gledhill, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Tenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
:
Witness,
ALFRED GEORGE BROOKES,
62, Chancery Lane,
London.
JAMES GLEDHILL. (L.S.)