CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING, AND IN THE PREPARATION OF DYE WOODS
Year: 1851

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BRAZIL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by
Her Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twenty-fourth day of June, in the fifteenth year of Her
reign, and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-one,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Brazil, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
I, the said John Brazil, my exors, adñors, and assigns, and such others as J,
the said John Brazil, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England and Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING, AND IN THE PREPARATION OF
DYE WOODS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the
said John Brazil, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be enrolled in
Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear:

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said John
Brazil, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following explanation thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention of improvements in dyeing, and in, the preparation of dye
woods, consists, first, in the employment or use of soap or saponaceous com-
pounds in water, in order to liberate the coloring matter of madder, garancine,
or other "dye stuffs," in the act or process of dyeing. The proportions which
I have found to answer for the above purpose are as follow:-To every 10
pounds of madder I use half a pound of soap (by preference palm oil soap), to
which I add about the usual quantity of ground chalk; or I use for the sake of
economy, about one-half or two-thirds of the soap liquor from the beck or vat
in which the "pieces "of goods or fabrics liave been soaped the first time, instead
of the first-mentioned soap. In either case I add the madder to the soap
liquor before entering the pieces in the dye becks or vats, and I prefer
entering them at about 70°-or 80° Fahrenheit, and bringing them up to 180°
Fahrenheit in about one hour and a quarter, more or less.
The second part of my Invention consists in using borax, either separately or
in conjunction with soap or other saponaceous compounds, in water, in order
to liberate the coloring matter of madder, garancine, or other dje stuffs, in the
act of dyeing. I have found that for every 12 pounds of madder half a pound
of borax is a good proportion, or if soap and borax are used in conjunction,
then I would use for every 10 pounds of madder one quarter of a pound of
soap and one quarter of a pound of borax, with the usual quantity of ground
chalk, to be used as before described.
.
pro-
The third part of my Invention consists in saturating the pieces of goods'or
'fabrics to be dyed or printed with a soapy or saponaceous solution, which must
be dried in the goods or pieces previous to a mordant being applied. The
portions which I have found to answer are as follow:-First, I pass the goods
or "pieces" to be dyed or printed through a solution of soap consisting of one
pound of soap to 12 gallons of water, either used hot or cold. This is the
strength to be used when the piece of goods is entered into the solution in 'a
dry state; if entered wet from the bleaching process, it will require using a
little stronger, which may readily be ascertained by experiment. I have like-
wise found that the following solution will answer very well, although I do not
consider it quite equal to the other :-I take the soap liquor that the pieces or
goods have been soaped in from the soap liquor beck, and add as much resin a's
it will dissolve, and pass the cotton or cloth through it, as before mentioned.
When dried it will be ready for the usual mordants. I have likewise used