IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Sagar, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 21st November 1879, and dated the 2nd July 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Sagar at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd July 1879.
THOMAS SAGAR, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention consists in an improvement in "fast and loose" reed looms, and
its object is to obviate the waste of power in applying extraneous pressure upon the
reed in loose reed looms whilst the weft is being beaten in. This I propose to effect
in the following manner:-The lever on the ordinary winged rod which holds the
reed in its placo in a loose reed loom by the pressure of a spring or springs, and by
other means, is to be held perfectly fast just before and whilst the weft is being
beaten in by a catch which is carried on a stud fixed upon the slay sword. This
catch is put into action and released at any desired part of the slay's traverse by a
link or radius bar working upon a stud fixed to any convenient part of the loom
and connected to the catch; or the catch may be actuated in the same manner by
sliding on a bowl working on a stud or upon a fixing on the loom.
The catch and the lever on the winged bar, both being carried by the slay sword,
form a self contained and perfectly secure locking apparatus for the reed whilst the
weft is being beaten in, and without the application of any external power; when
the catch is withdrawn by the backward stroke of the slay the reed is sufficiently
loose to move out of the way of the shuttle if it should be caught in the shed, and
thus prevents the breakage of the warp. The apparatus may be applied either to.
one or both sides of the loom, as required.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Sagar in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st January
1880.
THOMAS SAGAR, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Machino Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention consists in an improvement in fast and loose reed looms, and its
object is to obviate the waste of power in applying extraneous pressure upon the
reed in loose reed looms whilst the weft is being beaten in. This I propose to effect
in the following manner :-The lever on the ordinary winged rod, which holds the
reed in its place in a loose roed loom by the pressure of a spring or springs, and by
other means, is to be held perfectly fast just before and whilst the weft is being
beaten in by a catch which is carried on a stud fixed upon the slay sword; this
catch is put into action and released at any desired part of the slay's traverse by a
link or radius bar working upon a stud fixed to any convenient part of the loom and
connected to the catch, or the catch may be actuated in the same manner by sliding
on a bowl working on a stud or upon a fixing on the loom.
The catch and the lever on the winged bar, both being carried by the slay sword,
form a self contained and perfectly secure locking apparatus for the reed whilst the
weft is being beaten in, and without the application of any external power; when
the catch is withdrawn by the backward stroke of the slay the reed is sufficiently
loose to move out of the way of the shuttle if it should be caught in the shed, and
thus prevents the breakage of the warp. The apparatus may be applied either to
one or both sides of the loom, as required.
Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 are end views of parts of a loom, shewing my improved locking
apparatus. A is the ordinary rod which works in bearings on the slay swords S.
B are fingers on the rod A, on the upper end of which is placed the bar O pressing
against the reed R; these fingers are placed inside the alay swords. C is a lever
fixed on the rod A. D is a spiral spring attached to the rod A and to the lever E,
in order to put a slight pressure on the reed to prevent its flying out of position
by vibration, see Fig. 4. E is a lever hinged to the bracket F on the slay swords S,
which lever is free to move downwards but not upwards, being prevented from so
doing by the projecting abutment at G. H is a fixture on the loom side against
which the end of the lever E comes when the slay is at or about the back centre,
as shewn in Fig. 4, in order to put additional pressure on the spring D, to prevent
any vibration of the reed when reversing.
Figs. 1 and 2 shew one way of working. When the slay is near or on the front
centre, see Fig. 1, the lever C is held perfectly fast by the catch I whilst the weft
is being beaten in; when the slay has moved a short distance from the front centre
(which distance can be regulated at discretion) the catch I begins to leave the lever
C perfectly free, being drawn out of action by the connecting rod J, which has for
its fulcrum a stud K on the bracket L, until it comes to the position as shewn on
Fig. 2. The catch I is again brought in contact with C by the forward motion
of the slay.
Figs 3. and 4 shew a method of dispensing with the connecting rod or link J.
The catch I, see Fig. 3, is shewn when the slay is beating in the weft, and it rests
upon a bowl or fixture M placed on a stud on the loom side.
As the slay recedes from the front centre the catch I falls away from the lever C
and drops upon the stop N on the slay sword, thus freeing the lever C, as shewn in
Figa. 2 and 4 (both back centre views).
Fig. 4 is similar to Fig. 3, except that the catch I is always resting on the
bowl or fixture M. The catch I is held at the front centre and liberated by the
backward motion in the same manner as Fig. 3.
The spiral spring and accessories, as shewn on Fig. 4, are used on all the Figures,
although not shown.

page_text: The dotted lines B' and O¹, see Fig. 1, shew the position the fingers B and the
lever O take if the shuttle be caught in the shed.
The same letters refer to similar parts in all the Figures.
At the point of contact between the lever O and the catch I there is no absolute
pressure (the surfaces may, indeed, not actually touch each other) excepting that
caused by the beating in the weft communicated by the rod A to the lever C.
This peculiarity allows of the catch I easily falling away from the lever C, as
shewn in Fig. 4. It will also be evident that, there being no actual pressure, there
is no power required in locking the lever C by the catch I. If the shuttle be caught
in the shed before the slay reaches the front centre the pressure of the shuttle on
the reed against the bar O fixed to the fingers B raises the lever C, as shewn by the
dotted lines in Fig. 1, thus allowing the reed to swing backward, thereby pre-
venting the breakage of the warp.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention and described the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is locking the
reed in position without pressure or loss of time, also the machinery for effecting
the same, substantially as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Sagar, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Thirtieth day of December, One thousand eight hundred and
seventy nine.
THOMAS SAGAR. (LS)