Year: 1886

page_text: I ROBERT BOYLE of the Firm of Robert Boyle and Son Limited of Holborn
Viaduct London and of Glasgow North Britain Ventilating Sanitary and Heating
Engineers do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to down cast Ventilators intended more particularly for
use in ships but applicable to buildings and other places and has for its object to
provide means whereby a free passage for air through the Ventilator is ensured
whilst water is prevented from passing through the said Ventilator to the interior
of the ship building or other place to which it is applied.
According to my Invention I fit round the exterior of the Ventilator shaft a
trough or receptacle the bottom of which is perforated or provided with openings
through which water entering the trough or receptacle may escape and flow away
outside the ventilator shaft. Beneath these perforations or openings are valves so
arranged that they will open by the weight or pressure of the water which enters
the trough but will remain closed at other times so as to prevent the passage of air
therethrough. These valves may be constructed and arranged in various ways for
example they may each consist of a plate or flap hinged to the underside of the
trough with its lower edge resting upon or against an inclined plate or chamber
fixed on the ventilator shaft so that water passing through the openings in the
trough onto this inclined plate or chamber will raise the said flap and allow the
water to pass beneath it or tubes having their ends turned up may be fitted beneath
the openings in the trough and the turned up ends of the tubes fitted with ball
valves which will be raised from their seats by the pressure of the water entering
the tubes from the trough and allow the water to escape the said ball valves after-
wards falling back into their seats thus preventing air from passing through the
tubes. Or according to another arrangement an internal trough may be fitted
beneath the perforated trough outside the perforations which plate descends to
within a short distance of the bottom of the lower or additional trough so that
water passing through the perforation into the lower or additional trough will
form a seal to prevent the passage of air which water will flow beneath the
depending plate and over the outer edge of the lower trough or through openings
in the said trough fitted with spherical or other suitable valves to prevent the
passage of air.

page_text: The valves and the lower trough herein before described are enclosed in an outer
case fixed at its upper end to the perforated trough and at its lower end to the
ventilator shaft the bottom of the said outer casing being provided with perforations
for the escape of the water passing through the valves.
The upper end of the ventilator shaft is provided with an inwardly projecting
inclined rim or flange and is covered by a cap or hood the lower end of which hood
dips into the perforated trough hereinbefore referred to. The interior of the top
of this hood or cap is fitted with a cone or with deflecting plates by which air
entering the hood or cap is conducted down the ventilator shaft whilst any water
that may enter the cap or hood is prevented from passing down the shaft by the
inclined inwardly projecting flange on the upper edge thereof the said flange
deflecting the water back against the sides of the hood down which it will pass
into the perforated trough herein before referred to and flow away through the
valves as bereinbefore described. Instead of the spherical valves herein before
described rollers may be fitted in suitable chambers to act in a similar manner and
the valves may be prevented from becoming displaced by a cage of wire gauze or
otherwise.
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the said Robert Boyle.
I ROBERT BOYLE of the Firm of Robert Boyle and Son Limited of Holborn
Viaduct London and of Glasgow N.B. Ventilating Sanitary and Heating Engineers
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My Invention relates to down cast Ventilators intended more particularly
for use in ships but applicable to buildings and other places and has for its object
to provide means as hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying
drawings whereby a free passage for air through the Ventilator is ensured whilst
water is prevented from passing through the said Ventilator to the interior of the
ship, building or other place to which it is applied.
According to my Invention I fit round the exterior of the Ventilator shaft a
trough or receptacle provided with perforations or openings through which water
entering the trough or receptacle may escape and flow away outside the Ventilator

page_text: shaft. Beneath these perforations or openings valves may be so arranged that they
will open by the weight or pressure of the water which enters the trough but will
remain closed at other times so as to prevent the passage of air therethrough.
These valves may be constructed and arranged in various ways for example as
shewn in Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings which is a vertical section of a
ventilator constructed according to my Invention; they each consist of a plate or
flap a hinged to the underside of the trough b with its lower edge c resting upon
or against an inclined plate or chamber d fixed on the ventilator shaft A, so that
water entering the trough b and passing therefrom through the openings e on to
this inclined plate or chamber d will raise the said flap a and allow the water to
pass beneath it and outside the ventilator shaft through openings f in the sur-
rounding case B. Figure 2 illustrates a modification in which tubes d are
substituted for the inclined plate d in Figure 1, the said tubes being fitted beneath
the openings e in the trough b and having their outer ends turned up as shewn and
fitted with ball valves a which will be raised from their seats in the turned up
ends of the tubes, by the pressure of the water entering the tubes from the
trough b, and allow the water to escape past the said ball valves which afterwards
will fall back on to their seats and thus prevent air from passing through the tubes.
To ensure the ball valves returning to their seats after being lifted I fit over the
mouth of each of the tubes a metal cage g which will prevent the valve from being
displaced.
According to another arrangement as illustrated in side elevation, vertical
section, and horizontal section, respectively in Figures 3. 4 and 5 I arrange
beneath the perforations e in the trough'b a depending plate h fixed to the bottom
of the trough b outside the perforations e, which plate descends to within a short
distance of the bottom of a lower or additional trough B, enclosing the plate h, the
said trough being connected at the top and bottom ends respectively to the
trough b and the ventilator shaft A.-Water entering the upper trough b will pass
therefrom through the perforations e into the lower or additional trough B and will
form a seal to prevent the entrance of air, the water flowing beneath the plate h
excepting through the perforations & provided in the lower trough B-It is not
absolutely necessary for the purpose of insuring the effectual action of the
ventilator, to have water in the trough B, as the perforations in the troughs are
of such a size and are so arranged that only a very small quantity of air will
pass therethrough and not sufficient to interfere with the proper action of the
Ventilator.
The valves in the arrangements illustrated by Figures 1 and 2 are inclosed in
and surrounded by an outer trough or case B fixed at its upper end to the per-
forated trough b and at its lower end to the Ventilator shaft A the bottom of the
said outer casing or trough being provided with perforations at f for the escape of
the water passing by the valves.
Figure 6 shews an arrangement similar to Figure 1, the only difference being
that the valves a instead of being in an inclined position when at rest as in
Figure 1 is according to this modification arranged to hang in a vertical position-
Figure 7 represents an arrangement similar to Figure 2 but provided with roller
valves a in place of the spherical valves shewn in Figure 2 and therefore requires
no further description.
The upper end of the Ventilator shaft A is preferably slightly contracted near
the upper end as shewn at 7 in Figure 4 and above the contracted part expanded
as shewn at m so as to prevent water entering the Ventilator from passing down
the shaft A. Or the said shaft may be provided with an inwardly projecting and
inclined rim or flange n for the like purpose as shewn in Figures 1. 2. 6 and 7 of
the drawings-The top of the shaft A is covered by a cap or hood C the lower end
of which hood dips into the trough b hereinbefore referred to-The interior of the
top of the Ventilator is provided with a cone D and with the radial deflecting
plates E E (see Figures 4 and 5) extending to the outer rim of the Ventilator and
the protecting and deflecting plates E¹. The cone and deflecting plates conduct

page_text: air entering the hood or cap down the Ventilator shaft whilst any water that may
enter the cap or hood is prevented from passing down the shaft by the inclined
inwardly projecting flange n, or the expanded part m (as the case may be) in the
upper part thereof as herein before described the said flange or expanded part
deflecting the water back against the inner surfaces of the combined protecting
and deflecting plates E¹ down which it will pass into the trough 6 from whence
it will flow through the perforations e and pass the valves'a (where such valves are
employed as hereinbefore described) into the lower trough or chamber B and escape
therefrom through the perforations therein to outside the ventilation shaft.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
First: The general construction combination and arrangement of parts con-
stituting the ventilator substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
Figure 1 of my drawings.
Second-The genéral construction combination and arrangement of parts con-
stituting the ventilator substantially as herein before described with reference to
Figure 2 of my drawings.
Third: The general construction combination and arrangement of parts con-
stituting the ventilator substantially as herein before described with reference to
Figures 3, 4, and 5 of my drawings.