A NEW AND IMPROVED TUBE
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
THOMAS, of Finch Lane, in the City of London, Publisher, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fifth day of November, in the eighth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Joseph
Thomas; my executors, administrators, and assigns, Her especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Joseph Thomas, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, and such others as I, the said Joseph
Thomas, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
called England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
also in all Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, and in the
Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, the Invention of "A
NEW AND IMPROVED TUBE," communicated to me by a certain Foreigner residing

page_text: abroad; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said
Joseph Thomas, shall particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, and to cause the same to be enrolled in
Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as
in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Thomas, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention commu-
nicated to me, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, reference being made to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
Tubes of iron have for a long time been made by hammering or drawing
the metal when hot through holes or dies; but the new and improved tube,
according to the Invention communicated to me, is made by drawing the
metal cold through holes or dies. The tube, made according to the Invention,
may be single or double; that is to say, the finished tube may consist of one
piece of iron, turned up and united at the edges, or of an internal and an
external tubular shell, each shell being united at the edges and at the circum-
ference, and the one within the other. A band, strip, or plate of iron, of a
size and thickness varying according to the tube required, is taken, and the
two sides being turned up (an embracing strip or clasp of iron being some-
times introduced), the edges are brought together, united, clasped, and drawn
cold by suitable machinery through dies. The machinery requisite for the
purpose is well known, and the various methods which may be employed for
uniting the edges will be seen on reference to the Drawings. The tube so
made may be immersed in a bath of molten tin or zinc; and the tube, when
of iron, may be galvanised in the manner now well understood, the result of
which will be to remedy any imperfection in the iron, and to make the tube
air and water tight.
Figure 1 shews a double tube, exactly similar to that which will be
described in Figure 4, with this difference, that the exterior tube is not bolted
or rivetted to the interior tube. It is made of galvanised iron, or of tin plate;
and an immersion in a bath of molten tin or zinc, after the two tubes have
been fixed upon each other by the draw plate, mandril, and drawing bench, will
solder them together, and make a solid tube. Figure 2 shews a double tube,
composed of the tube, described Figure 5, forced by means of the draw plate

page_text: upon another plain tube. Figure 3 represents a tube with a simple joint.
Figure 4 represents a double tube, composed of two rolled sheets, the edges of
which meet, and are inserted one within the other, so that the joints shall be
overlapped. This tube is not clasped, but the exterior sheet is united to the
interior by bolts or rivets driven through both. Figure 5 represents a tube,
clasped internally, as it appears before the embracing strip has been added,
but before the joint is closely compressed by the draw plate. Figure 6 repre-
sents a double tube, composed of Figure 3, before passing through the draw
plate. Figure 7 represents a compound tube already drawn once. A is the
joint of the interior tube; B, that of the exterior tube; the bent edges of
which are inserted into a groove made in the interior tube, which renders the
two tubes united and solid. Figure 8 represents the tube, Figure 7, when
finished; that is to say, when it has passed a second and last time through the
draw plate. Figure 9 represents a slight modification of the system of the
clasped tube, last described, from which it differs only in the clasping, which is
at an acute angle. Figure 10 represents a tube, simply clasped internally with
a longitudinal strip, doubled up to clamp the two bent edges of the tube.
Figure 11 represents a simple tube like the external tube of the Figures 7, 8,
and 9, but within which a wooden cylinder F replaces the interior tube of the
said three Figures. Double tubes may also be made of lead, &c. in the interior,
and iron, copper, &c. on the exterior. Figure 12 is a compound tube on an
extension of the principle of Figures 7, 8, and 9, and provided besides with a
double groove D, which sets the external edge at E. Figure 13, a simple
internally clasped tube, as shown at P, having passed through the draw plate.
Figure 14, a simple externally clasped tube, as shown at Q.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention communicated to
me, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be under-
stood that I do not claim as of the said Invention or the exclusive use of the
draw plates and drawing machinery, or of the galvanising process herein
referred to, except so far as the same may be used in and for the manufacture
of the new and improved tube. And I hereby declare the Invention commu-
nicated to me to consist in the tube manufactured by cold drawing the metal
turned up and united, and immersed in molten tin or zinc, as herein
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Thomas, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-five.
JOSEPH (L.S.) THOMAS.

page_text: A. H. LYNCH.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that the aforesaid Joseph Thomas came
before our Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specifi-
cation aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above
written. And also the Specification. aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Fifth day of May, in the year above written.