IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING AND WARMING BUILDINGS to be as follows
Year: 1884

page_text: I, RICHARD OAKLEY of 235, High Holborn in the County of Middlesex
Ventilating Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING AND WARMING BUILDINGS to
be as follows :— '.
'
"
This invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for ventilating and
warming buildings.
I draw the air for the ventilation of the building from any suitable place by a
pipe terminating in an inverted siphon. In the descending limb of this siphon
I provide a water spray by which the current of air is propelled forward at the
same time that the air is moistened and purified.
From the ascending leg of the siphon the air enters the building, passing into a
chamber in which a stove heater is contained. This heater has a casing of cast iron
containing ignited fuel, and within which a slow combustion is maintained.
The exterior of the casing is made with numerous radial projections or gills with
the object of providing an extended surface for the diffusion of heat, so that a large
volume of air may be warmed whilst the metallic surface of the heater never
becomes unduly hot.
From the chamber in which the heater is contained the pure warm air is led by
an air flue or flues to outlets conveniently situate in a floor of the building.
Or in place of causing the current of air from the siphon to enter a heating
chamber as described above, I conduct it by a suitable channel to a heater and
super-heater.
The heater and super-heater are similar in construction and each consists of a
metallic casing so constructed that the current of air in passing through it becomes
much divided and is so brought into immediate contact with the metallic surfaces
of the heater, which are maintained at a high temperature by an atmospheric gas
burner beneath. The products of combustion from this gas burner are led away by
a flue pipe.
After passing through the heater the air in like manner traverses the super- '
heater,

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, RICHARD OAKLEY of 285 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Vontilating Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING AND WARMING BUILDINGS" and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for ventilating and
warming buildings.
6
I draw the air for the ventilation of the building from any suitable place by a
pipe terminating in an inverted siphon. In the descending limb of this siphon
I provide a water spray by which the current of air is propelled forward at the 1
same time that the air is moistened and purified.
From the ascending leg of the siphon the air entors the building, passing into a
chamber in which a stove heater is contained. This heater has a casing of cast
iron containing ignitod fuel and within which a slow combustion is maintained.
The exterior of the casing is made with numerous radial projections or gills with 1
the object of providing an extended surface for the diffusion of heat, so that a large
volume of air may be warmed whilst the metallic surface of the heater never
becomes unduly hot.
From the chamber in which the heater is contained the pure warm air is led by
an air flue or flues to outlets conveniently situate in a floor of the building.
Or in placo of causing the current of air from the siphon to enter a heating
chamber as described above I conduct it by a suitable channel to a heater and
super-heater.
2
The heater and super-heater are similar in construction and each consists of a
metallic casing so constructed that the current of air in passing through it becomes 2
much divided and is so brought into immediato contact with the metallic surfaces
of the heater, which are maintained at a high temperature by an atmospheric gas
burnor beneath. The products of combustion from this gas burner are led away
by a flue pipe.
After passing through the heater, the air in liko manner traverses the super- 3
.heater.
In order that my said invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.

page_text: Figure 2 is a vertical section to a larger scale of a portion of the apparatus
represented in Figure 1.
A, is the pipe by which air for ventilation is admitted to a building, it is of an
inverted siphon like form, and in the descending leg of the siphon provision is
made for the introduction of a water spray. For this purpose the rose B is
provided, and it is connected by a pipe on which is the stop cock C with the
water supply. On opening this cock a shower of water falls in the descending
limb of the siphon and carries with it a current, of air. The water escapes from
the siphon at D into a drain E, from which it is permitted to pass away by a
suitable channel. The current of air which has thus been thoroughly cleansed
and moistened passes on into a chamber F, within the building. This chamber
may be constructed in brickwork. The air is led down to the bottom of the
chamber and thence it passes into contact with a stove a provided within tho
chamber F for the purpose of warming the air. The air thus warmed is led by
channels H to gratings K, K, in the floor of the building and arranged in con-
venient and suitable positions. The stove G is what is known as a slow combustion
stove, a carefully regulated quantity of air being supplied to the fuel at the lower
part.
The construction of the stove is seen more clearly in Figure 2; it is built with a
series of rings placed one on the other, and these rings have radial gills or pro-
jections on their exterior. These gills or projections increase the surface of metal
with which the air comes into contact. Provision is made for feeding the stove
from the top or from the side, and for withdrawing the ashes from the bottom
without entering into the chamber G. When in summer it is not required that tho
air should be warmed, a direct connection between the ascending limb of tho
siphon pipe and the delivery channels H is made, as is indicated by the dotted lines
in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a vertical section and Figure 4 is a plan showing a modification of
the arrangement; here the air delivered by the siphon is caused to pass through a
number of tubes set into tube plates; the arrangement is somewhat similar to that
to be found in a locomotive boiler but of course on a much smaller scale. The
tubes are heated externally by gas burners beneath, and the air takes up the heat
as it passes through the tubes. A casing communicating with a fluo confines the
heat from the burners around the tubes. I employ as the drawing indicates, two
such air heaters, one in advance of the other, and the second of these I term a
super-heater. The air after passing through the heaters is delivered into the
building to be ventilated and warmed, in the manner indicated in Figure 1.
By providing two air heaters in the manner indicated I am able to regulate with
great facility the temperature of the air admitted to the building; in cold weather
both heaters will be in uso for the most part, but when the weather is less severe
one only may be employed, and in summer the air may be allowed to enter the
building as it is delivered by the siphon, and as already described in respect to
Figure 1.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1.-My apparatus for ventilating and warming buildings consisting of an inverted
siphon pipe with a water spray in the descending leg; such siphon apparatus
delivering air into a warming chamber containing a slow combustion stove in
which the air is heated and from whence it subsequently passes into the building
to be ventilated and warmed substantially as described.
2.-The modification of the said ventilating and warming apparatus describod in
respect to Figures 8 and 4 of the drawings.

page_text: 3. The combination of a heating apparatus and an inverted siphon pipe with
water spray apparatus therein the latter propelling a current of air through the
heated apparatus and into the building to be ventilated and warmed 'substantially
as described.