IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE WRITERS PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY ALSO BE APPLIED TO ENDORSING AND OTHER LIKE STAMPS AND TO CUTTING AND PERFORATING STAMPS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John James Raggett of Aston near Birmingham in the
County of Warwick Architectural Draughtsman and Surveyor for an Inven-
tion of IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE WRITERS PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS
MAY ALSO BE APPLIED TO ENDORSING AND OTHER LIKE STAMPS AND TO
CUTTING AND PERFORATING STAMPS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John James Raggett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th January 1883.
JOHN JAMES RAGGETT of Aston near Birmingham in the County of Warwick
Architectural Draughtsman and Surveyor IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE WRITERS,
PARTS OF WHICH, IMPROVEMENTS MAY ALSO BE APPLIED TO ENDORSING AND
OTHER LIKE STAMPS AND TO CUTTING AND PERFORATING STAMPS
My Invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in Type
writers, whereby a Type writer simple in construction and easily worked is
produced, the said type writer being especially suited for writing labels or short
inscriptions My Invention is also applicable in part to Type writers worked by
keys as well as to endorsing and other like Stamps, and stamps for cutting stencils
and for perforating paper or other material.
I will describe my Invention as applied to a label Type writer.
The types which are preferably made of India-rubber are fixed in a row or rows
upon the cylindrical rim of a wheel or a portion of a wheel, the said types being
fixed a short distance apart. The type wheel rotates on an axis near the end of a
lever capable of motion in a vertical plane. The joint on which the said lever
turns is fixed on a small table which has on its underside a rib. This rib is made
to engage in and traverse one of a series of parallel grooves made in a stationary
guide table, the distance apart of the said grooves being equal to the spaces between
the lines to be written. Or the stationary guide table may be dispensed with and
the sliding table carrying the lever and type wheel made to work against the edge
of a T square or other similar edge.

page_text: As a modification of the letter and line spacing mechanism I sometimes place
the oscillating lever on a rod, which may or may not be fitted with automatic
mechanism for letter and line spacing.
Or the lever carrying the type wheel may have motion in a horizontal plane
upon a vertical pin or axis for printing in curved instead of straight lines. The
said lever may in this case be made telescopic so as to be capable of being lengthened
or shortened and the inking pad may oscillate with the lever.
The types of the type wheel are inked by means of an inking pad which also acts
as a shield, or by means of an inking roller pressed against the types by a light
spring, or by means of the inking pad and roller combined. The outer face of the
inking pad rests upon the paper or surface on which the printing is to be effected
or rises and falls with the lever, and has a slot or division in it of sufficient width
to permit of only one letter or word or type to come in contact with the paper or
surface. In order to fix the position of the type to be printed the cylindrical edge
of the type wheel or other mechanism working the same has a series of teeth
between which a stop consisting of a point or wheel carried on the end of a spring
lever engages, the said stop and teeth somewhat resembling the pawl and teeth of
a pawl and ratchet wheel. By the pressure of the thumb the stop may be dis-
engaged from the teeth, and the type wheel permitted to rotate. The inner face of
the cylindrical rim of the type wheel or on other mechanism in gear with the same
has index letters corresponding to the types on the opposite side of the said rim,
so that the operator can see which type he is bringing opposite the slot in the
inking pad.
The type writer is used in the following manner. The moveable table carrying
the type writer is placed on the stationary grooved table or against a straight edge.
The arm or lever carrying the type wheel is lifted, the thumb pressed upon the
stop so as to disengage the wheel, except when a small wheel is used for the
stopping devico, as before explained, and the wheel is then turned so as to bring
the type to be impressed upon the label or paper over the slot in the inking pad.
The thumb being removed from the stop, the said stop fixes the type wheel and
by now depressing the arm or lever carrying the type wheel, the type over the slot
in the inking pad is passed through the said slot and prints the label or paper
underneath it. The arm or lever is again lifted, the moveable table is moved
through the distance required for the printing of the next letter, the required lettor
is brought over the slot in the inking pad, and the type wheel fixed and depressed.
A second letter is thereby impressed upon the label or paper and the operations
described are repeated until one line of the label or inscription has been printed.
The moveable table is now moved either from one of the grooves in the fixed table
into the next groove, or the straight edge against which the moveable table works
is moved through a distance equal to the space required between the lines. A
second line of the label can now be printed by operating the type writer in the
manner herein before described.
The inking roller is carried by the jointed arm supporting the type wheel but
the inking pad is connected by an arm to the moveable table. That part of the
inking pad in which the slot is made is very thin so that the elastic type readily.
prints through the said slot
The inking may be done by a roller alone in which case the part which I have
described as the inking pad is a thin metallic shield between the type wheel and
the paper to be impressed, having a slot through which only one type or letter can
be printed.
The inking roller may be carried by an arm or lever turning upon the same
centre as the type wheel and by means of a thumb lever or automatically by the
oscillation of the large lever, the roller lever may be operated upon, so as to carry
the inking roller through about a quadrant and ink all the types carried by that
portion of the rim of the wheel over which it passes.
The roller lever is jointed near its end the jointed part having a light spring
which presses the inking roller gently against the types

page_text: The jointed lever last described for carrying the inking roller may be applied
to hand or endorsing or other like stamps as well as to type writers worked by
keys.
Instead of elastic types upon the rim of the type wheel the types may be made
of metal, or metal coated on their acting faces with India-rubber and may have
motion in the direction of radii so that when any type is brought opposite the index
it shall be pressed from the centre on to the paper.
This motion of the moveable types may be effected by a cam or lever so situated
that when any type is brought over the slot in the inking pad or shield the said
cam will give the required motion to it.
If in place of types cutting or perforating tools or points be employed, the
instrument or apparatus as last described will cut or perforate paper or other
material instead of printing upon it.
The types or woods which push out are also applicable to type writers worked by
keys, they may be pushed out either by pressing a thumb plate or automatically by
the oscillation of the large lever
According to the foregoing arrangement the paper is placed on any flat desk or
table and held firmly in position by weight or pins, or on a specially prepared table
and held by a suitable clip.
As a modification however I propose to place the paper on a roller fitted with
letter and line spacing mechanism as described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to me May 6th 1880 N° 1864. In this case I use the lever and type wheel
berein before described and dispense with the keys described in the said Specifi-
cation. Or I may use the paper roller and mechanism for the spacing, the letter
spacing being provided for by the fulcrum of the oscillating lever being placed on a
rod, and either fitted with automatic traversing mechanism or not

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John James Raggett in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th July 1883.
JOHN JAMES RAGGETT of Aston near Birmingham in the County of Warwick,
Architectural Draughtsman and Surveyor "IMPROVEMENTS IN TYPE WRITERS,
PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS MAY ALSO DE APPLIED TO ENDORSING AND OTHER
LIKE STAMPS AND TO CUTTING AND PERFORATING STAMPS'
บ
My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in type writers,
whereby a type writer simple in construction and easily worked is produced, the
said type writer being especially suited for writing labels or short inscriptions.
My invention is also applicable in part to type writers worked by keys as well as
to endorsing and other like stamps and stamps for cutting stencils and for
perforating paper or other material,
I will describe my invention as applied to a label type writer.
The types which are preferably made of india rubber are fixed in a row or rows
upon the cylindrical rim of a wheel, or a portion of a wheel, the said types being
fixed a short distance apart. The type wheel rotates on an axis near the end of a
lever capable of motion in a vertical plane. The joint on which the said lever
turns is fixed on a small table which has on its underside a rib. This rib is made
to engage in and traverse one of a series of parallel grooves made in a stationary
guide table the distance apart of the said grooves being equal to the spaces
between the lines to be written. Or the stationary guide table may be dispensed
with and the sliding table carrying the lever and type wheel made to work against
the edge of a T square or other similar edge. As a modification of the letter and
line spacing mechanism I sometimes place the oscillating lever on a rod which may
or may not be fitted with automatic mechanism for letter and line spacing.
Or the lever carrying the type wheel may have motion in a horizontal plane
upon a vertical pin or axis for printing in curved instead of straight lines. The
said lever may in this case be made telescopic so as to be capable of being
lengthened or shortened: and the inking pad may oscillate with the lever. The
types of the type wheel are inked by means of an inking pad which also acts as a
shield, or by means of an inking roller pressed against the types by a light spring,
or by means of the inking pad and roller combined. The outer face of the inking
pad rests upon the paper or surface on which the printing is to be effected, or rises
and falls with the lever and has a slot or division in it of sufficient width to
permit of only one letter or word or type to come in contact with the paper or
surface. In order to fix the position of the type to be printed the cylindrical edge
of the type wheel, or other mechanism working the same, has a series of teeth
between which a stop consisting of a point or wheel carried on the end of a
spring lever engages, the said stop and teeth somewhat resembling the pawl and
teeth of a pawl and ratchet wheel. By the pressure of the thumb, the stop may be
disengaged from the teeth and the type wheel permitted to rotate. The inner face
of the cylindrical rim of the type wheel, or on other mechanism in gear with the
same, has index letters corresponding to the types on the opposite side of the said
rim so that the operator can see which type he is bringing opposite the slot in the
inking pad.
The type writer is used in the following manner :-The moveable table carrying
the type writer is placed on the stationary grooved table or against a straight edge.
The arm or lever carrying the type wheel is lifted, the thumb pressed upon the
stop so as to disengage the wheel, except when a small wheel is used for the
stopping device as before explained, and the type wheel is then turned so as to

page_text: bring the type to be impressed upon the label or paper over the slot in the inking
pad. The thumb being removed from the stop, the said stop fixes the type wheel
and by now depressing the arm or lever carrying the type wheel, the type over the
slot in the inking pad is passed through the said slot and prints the label or paper
beneath it. The arm or lever is again lifted, the moveable table is moved through
the distance required for the printing of the next letter, the required letter is
brought over the slot in the inking pad and the type wheel fixed and depressed.
A second letter is thereby impressed upon the label or paper and the operations
described are repeated until one line of the label or inscription has been printed.
The moveable table is now moved either from one of the grooves in the fixed table
into the next groove, or the straight edge against which the moveable table works
is moved through a distance equal to the space required between the lines. A
second line of the label can now be printed by operating the type writer in the
manner hereinbefore described. The inking roller is carried by the jointed arm.
supporting the type wheel but the inking pad is connected by an arm to the
moveable table. That part of the inking pad in which the slot is made is very
thin so that the elastic type readily prints through the said slot.
The inking may be done by a roller alone in which case the part which I have
described as the inking pad is a thin metallic shield between the type wheel and the
paper to be impressed having a slot or hole through which only one type or letter
can be printed. The inking roller may be carried by an arm or lever turning upon
the same centre as the type wheel and by means of a thumb lever, or automatically
by the oscillation of the large lever, the roller lever may be operated upon so as to
carry the inking roller through about a quadrant and ink all the types carried by
that portion of the rim of the wheel over which it passes. The roller lever is
jointed near its end the jointed part having a light spring which prosses the
inking roller gently against the types.
The jointed lever last described for carrying the inking roller may be applied to
hand or endorsing or other like stamps as well as to type writers worked by keys,
in the latter case it is worked automatically
Instead of elastic types upon the rim of the type wheel the types may be inade
of metal or metal coated on their acting faces with india rubber and may have
inotion in the direction of radii so that when any type is brought opposite the index
it shall be pressed from the centre onto the paper. This motion of the moveable
types may be effected by a cam or lever so situated that when any type is brought
over the slot in the inking pad or shield the said cam or lever will give the required
motion to it.
If in place of types cutting or perforating tools or points be employed, the
instrument or apparatus as last described will cut or perforate paper or other
material instead of printing upon it.
The types or words which push out are also applicable to type writers worked
by keys; they may be pushed out either by pressing a thumb plate or automatically
by the oscillation of the large lever.
According to the foregoing arrangement the paper is placed on any flat desk or
table and held firmly in position by weights or pins or on a specially prepared table
and held by a suitable clip.
As a modification however I propose to place the paper on a roller fitted with
letter and line spacing mechanism as described in the specification of Letters
Patent granted to me May 6th 1880 N° 1864. In this case, I use the lever and
type wheel herein before described and dispense with the keys described in the said
specification.
Or I may use the paper roller and mechanism for line spacing the letter spacing
being provided for by the fulcrum of the oscillating lever being placed on a rod
and either fitted with automatic traversing mechanism or not.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the
manner in which my invention is to be performed.

page_text: Figure 1 represents in sido elevation and Figure 2 in plan a label type writer
constructed according to one of the arrangements of my invention; Figure 3
represents a horizontal section of the type wheel.
a is the type wheel the types of which are fixed in a row or rows upon the
cylindrical rim of the said wheel; b is the lever carrying the type, wheel the said
lever being jointed at 6' to the small sliding table c. By means of the said lever b
the type wheel a can be lifted vertically from and depressed upon the table d on
which the label or paper to be printed upon is supported either by pins, weights or
a-clip. The type, wheel a rotates on the axis a³ carried by the inner end of the
lever band the said wheel a may be rotated when released by a knob or head a'
connected with it; e is the inking pad under the type wheel a for inking, or for
assisting in inking, the said wheel. The inking pad e is made of a thin strip of
metal and is placed or turns on the same axis b' as the lever b. The inking pad e
also acts as a shield and prevents any but the required letter from_touching the
paper. In the middle of the inking pad is a cross slot or hole (see Figure 3) of a
sufficient width to permit of one letter or type or word to pass through it and come
in contact with the paper or surface beneath it. The letters on each side of the
slot or hole in the inking pad or shield come in contact with the pad or shield and
yield sufficiently to allow the type opposite the slot or hole to pass through onto
the paper beneath, the types which come in contact with the pad being inked at
the same time. In place of or in addition to the inking pad e an inking roller f
may be employed for inking the type wheel, in which case the inking pad may act
only as a shield as the cloth containing the ink may be omittted. The shield
need not be so large as the pad. This inking roller f is carried by the lever f³
which is pressed inwards by the spring f³; gg is the stop spring lever for fixing
the position of the type wheel a when the required type has been brought over tho
opening in the inking pad or shield e. The end of the long arm g of the stop lever
is pointed and engages between teeth h made on the cylindrical edge of the typo.
wheel. By pressing upon the thumb plate or short arin g the stop lever can be
disengaged from the teeth and the type wheel be permitted to rotate. Or the a
stopping device may be free from the notches when the typo wheel is in its normal
position and may be made to engage with the notches either by pressing a thumb
plate or automatically.
In addition to or in place of the inking roller fan inking roller operated by the
stop lever g, g may be employed as illustrated in Figure 1 where the second
inking roller is marked i. The inking roller i is carried on the end of the lever i
which turns loosely on the same centre as the type wheel a and has motion through
about a quadrant. A rod i³ connected with the stop lever is connected by a pin
and slot with the short arm of the inking roller lever near the joint on which it
turns; or the inner end of the rod 13 may act upon a pin on the short arin of the
inking roller lever i². When the stop lever g² is depressed to release the type
wheel the same motion causes the rod is to operate the inking roller lever i and
move it through a quadrant and thereby cause the roller i to ink all the types
carried by that portion of the type wheel rin over which it passes. The return or
back motion of the inking roller lever is effected by a spring. The inking
device, may be worked by an independent thumb plate instead of by the
stopping lever and for hand and endorsing stamps it may be worked by a rack and
pinion operated by a thumb plate as shown in Figure 1 A. The index letters on
the inner face of the type wheel a corresponding to and preferably exactly opposito
the types on the outer face of the type wheel aro seen in the horizontal section of 5
the type wheel Figure 3. By incans of these index letters the operator can
readily see which type or word is brought opposite the slot in the inking pad e.
The arrangement for line spacing consists of a ribk (see Figure 1) on the
underside of the sliding table c to which the lever b and pad e are jointed and the
stationary guide table fixed on the under table d on which the label to be printed 5
is supported. In the said stationary guide table is a series of parallel grooves m, m

page_text: the distance apart of the said grooves being equal to the spaces between the lines
to be printed. The rib k on the sliding table c is made to engage in and traverse
any one of the grooves m in the guide table . In the guide table la series of
holes may be made into any one of which a moveable pin may be fitted for the
sliding table c to come against, whereby the commencement of each line can be
arranged exactly under the one above it.
In using the type writer, the sliding table c is placed on the stationary guide
table. The arm or lever 6 carrying the type wheel a is lifted, the thumb pressed
upon the thumb plate g² of the stop lever so as to liberate the type wheel and the
said type wheel is then turned so as to bring the type to be impressed upon the
label or paper over the slot in the inking pad e. The thumb being removed from
the stop lever thumb plate g², the said stop lever fixes the type wheel and by now
depressing the arm or lever b carrying the type wheel the type over the slot in the
inking pad e is passed through the said slot and prints upon or impresses the label
or paper underneath it. The arm or lever b is again lifted, the moveable table c is
moved in the groove m in the guide table through the distance required for the
printing of the next letter, the required letter is brought over the slot in the
inking pad e and the type wheel fixed and depressed. A second letter is thoroby
impressed upon the label or paper and the operations described are repeated until
one line of the label or inscription has been printed. The sliding table c is now
moved from one of the grooves m in the stationary guide table into the next or
other groove so as to move the type wheel through a distance equal to the space
required between the lines. A second line of the label can now be printed by
operating the type writer in the manner herein before described.
Figure 4 represents in side elevation and Figure 5 in plan a type writer in which
the stationary grooved guide table is dispensed with and the line spacing is effected
by causing the sliding table c carrying the lever and type wheel and other parts to
work against a straight edge, which may be the blade of a T square or other
similar fixed edge, marked n. In this arrangement the edge n is moved back after
the printing of a line through a distance equal to the space required between the
lines for the printing of the second line and so on.
In the arrangement Figures 4 and 5 a cranked lever is employed to carry the
type wheel a the inking roller lever f² being jointed to the said cranked lever in
the manner represented and the stop lever g, g works on the side of the main
lever b. The other parts of this type writer do not differ from similar parts in the
first described arrangement and are marked with the same letters of reference.
Figure 6 represents in elevation and Figure 7 in plan a modification of the letter
and line spacing arrangement represented in Figures 1 and 2. In this modification
the lever b, supporting the type wheel a and inking pad e, turns and is capable of
sliding upon the guide rod 6 carried by the bearings 65, 6 fixed on the grooved
guide table, the upper sliding table c being constructed as before described. The
letter spacing is effected by moving the lever on the guide rod b through the
required distance and the line spacing is effected by placing the rib & on the paper
table c in the required groove m in the stationary guide table L.
Or the line spacing may be effected by the modification represented in side
elevation in Figure 8 and plan in Figure 9. In this modification the guide rod b*.
on which the lever carrying the type wheel turns and slides, instead of being fixed
to the table is made moveable and is supported in the horizontal rack or grooved
bars n, n fixed by small pins on the said table which table also serves as the
paper supporting table. The rod has necked ends which can be dropped into
any of the pairs of grooves in the rack bars n, n to regulate the line spacing as
will be understood by an examination of the Drawing. In this modification the
typo wheel is supported by the swivelling brackets or levers b and be between
which the handle b7 for rotating the type wheel is situated. The racks n, n may.
be provided with pins on their underside for fastening them to a drawing board.

page_text: By slight modification of the foregoing arrangements the paper table may be made
to travel instead of the type wheel for the letter spacing.
Figure 10 represents in side elevation and Figure 11 in plan a type writer
constructed according to my invention for printing in curved lines.
In addition to the centre 6 on which the lever carrying the type wheel has
motion in a vertical plane, the said lover is also capable of motion in a horizontal
plane on the centre 68 supported by the table on which the paper to be printed
is placed, the type wheel a being thus made capable of travelling in the curved
path indicated in dotted lines in Figure 11 or curved paths having a greater or
less radius than that. indicated. For the purpose of lengthening and shortening
the lever b for the required line spacing it is made telescopic. This may be effected
in various ways. In the drawing the end of the lever b is furnished with a rod p
which works through a tubular collar 9 forming part of the lever. By moving the
rod in this collar the lever may be lengthened or shortened and fixed by a cross pin
or cotter passing through holes in the said rod. Or the rod p may be replaced by
a screw and adjusted by a screw nut rotating in the collar q The inking pad e is
jointed to the arm r the latter being carried by the lever b. Or the arm r may be
omitted and the inking pad be jointed to the lever b.
The stopping mechanism in this arrangement consists of a roller g² on the end
of the stopping spring lever g the said roller being pressed between the teeth h on
the type wheel a. This stopping device does not require the lever to be depressed
to release it as it is self releasing on rotating the type wheel to bring a fresh type
over the slot in the inking pad. A similar stopping device is represented in
Figure 4.
Figure 12 represents in side elevation a type wheel and appliances connected
therewith constructed according to my invention in which type wheel moveable or
pushing out types are used instead of fixed types the said moveable types having
motion in the direction of radii; a, a are the moveable or pushing out types carried
by the type wheel b. The said types a are furnished with stems and are pressed
inwards so as to take their normal positions by coiled springs as represented. Any
one of the series of types a may be pushed out when it has been brought by the
rotation of the type wheel into its lowest position for printing a letter or word by
means of the plunger c working in guidos carried by the lever d in which the type
wheel turns as before described. The plunger c is raised into its non-acting
position by means of a coiled spring and is depressed so as to push out the type
brought under it as seen in the Drawing by the lever e which may be acted upon
by the thumb lever for automatically. When worked automatically the lever e is
extended as indicated in dotted lines and is acted upon by the pin g and the latter
by a key of the type writer.
No inking or other shield need be used with this apparatus as only one type at
a time can come in contact with the paper and the types before they are pushed
out may be inked by any of the inking roller arrangements hereinbefore
described.
I have represented in conjunction with this apparatus an inking roller h having
motion through about a quadrant and operated by the lever e which works the
plungere the said lever e acting upon a cam or short arm on the inking roller lever
as represented.
In place of the moveable types a, cutting or perforating tools or points may be
employed, the said cutting or perforating tools or points cutting or perforating the
paper or materials when pushed out instead of printing upon it.
Figure 14 represents in side elevation and Figure 15 in plan a typo writer
having automatic letter spacing mechanism as described in the patent before
referred to, to which type writer is adapted mechanism constructed according to
my invention for readily bringing and fixing the required type on the type wheel
or wheels in position for printing or impressing the paper; a is the oscillating
lever having a frame like form turning on the rod or centre b and carrying the

page_text: axis c and type wheels d, d; f is the slotted pad and g the roller on which the
paper to be printed or impressed is placed.
In this case, the inking pad is made hollow for containing a sponge or other
substance for holding the ink. Or the rollers may also be made hollow for the
same purpose.
In this arrangement I use a series of fixed index letters and characters at h, h
instead of placing them on the inner face of the rim of the type wheel.
The fixed index letters at h are carried by the oscillating frame or lever a. At
the edge of the fixed index letters h are notches or teeth i, i with which a toothed
pointer on a thumb plate carried by the stopping arm can engage. This arm
turns on the centre and carries the toothed quadrant m which gears with the
bevil toothed wheel n on the axis c of the typo wheels d, d. The types on the
wheels are so arranged with respect to the fixed index letters at h that when the
pointer is brought opposite any particular letter the same letter on the type
wheel is brought by the gearing described in position for printing or impressing
the paper, or is brought opposite the slot or opening in an inking pad should one
be used. After the pointer & has been brought opposite the required letter on the
fixed index at h the said pointer is depressed into the notch in the notched bar i
opposite the said letter so as to fix the type wheel. In this way the required
letter to be impressed or printed upon the paper can be readily brought into
position and fixed while the printing or impressing is being effected. Figure.16
represents in side elevation and Figure 17 in plan another type writer constructed
according to my invention. This type writer is suitable for writing on paper
placed on a flat desk or table or other surface and is fitted with letter and line
spacing mechanism as hereinafter described.
a is the oscillating lever or frame supporting the type wheel b and mechanism
for bringing the required letter of the type wheel into position for printing upon
the paper. This mechanism resembles generally that described in the type writer
represented in Figure 14 and 15. It consists of a fixed indicator c containing the
index letters or characters the said indicator c being traversed by the pointer d
worked by the knob or head e. The pointer d is fixed on the axis of the toothed
wheel which transmits its motion through the gearing at g to the axis of the
type wheel b as will be understood by an examination of the drawing.. The
oscillating lever a is jointed at a³ to the travelling carriage h. One end of this
carriage is supported on the cross guide rod i and the other end of the carriage
is supported on the castor k. Upon the guide rod i the carriage h and the lever b
supported by it can be moved for letter spacing, the lateral movement of the
carriage being effected either by hand or by a spring drawing or pressing the
carriage in one direction, the distance travelled by the carriage being regulated by
means of a yielding and fixed dog or pawl.at taking into a rack m. on the fixed
framing of the apparatus.. The dogs or pawls are operated by the rising and
falling motion of the lever a. The construction of these pawls, constitutes no
part of my invention. After the completion of each line the dogs or pawls are
disconnected from the rack by pressing a thumb plate.
The line spacing is effected by the sliding of the carriage longitudinally. For
this purpose the ends of the guide rod i carry blocks P, 'P which slide upon the
fixed bars n, n at each end of the apparatus, the guide rod i in its traversing
motion being preserved parallel by means of toothed wheels q, q fixed on the ends
of the guide rod i gearing with the horizontal fixed racks r, r.
Having now described the nature of my invention and the manner in which
the same is to be performed I wish it to be understood that I claim as my
invention of "Improvements in type writers, parts of which improvements may
also be applied to endorsing and other like stamps and to cutting and perforating
stamps."
First A type, writer in which the type wheel is pivotted on an oscillating or
rocking frame or lever in combination with a slotted or perforated shield and one

page_text: or more inking rollers, the said parts of the type writer being constructed arranged
and worked substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2,
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly-The combination with a type writer in which the type wheel is
pivotted on an oscillating or rocking frame or lover of an inking roller turning on
the same centre as the type wheel and having motion through about a quadrant
for inking the types over which it passes the said inking roller being constructed
and operated substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figure 1 of
the accompanying Drawings; also the application of the said inking roller to hand
and endorsing and other like stamps as illustrated in Figure 1ª as well as to type
writers worked by keys.
Thirdly-The combination with type writers in which the type wheel is
pivotted on an oscillating or rocking frame or lever of the stopping device for
fixing the position of the type to be printed or impressed upon the paper or surface
herein before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of the
accompanying Drawings.
Fourthly Making on the inner face of the cylindrical rim of the type wheels of
type writers index letters or characters corresponding to the types on the opposite
side of the said rim of the type wheel for the purpose and substantially as
herein before described and illustrated in Figure 3 of the accompanying Drawings.
Fifthly The combination with type writers in which the type wheel is
pivotted on an oscillating or rocking frame or lever, of the fixed indicator carrying
the index letters and characters, the fixed notched bar and moveable index pointer,
together with the gearing hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 14
and 15 of the accompanying Drawings for bringing into position and for fixing
the position of the particular type of the type wheel to be printed or impressed
upon the paper or surface; also the modification of the said arrangement herein-
before described and illustrated in Figures 16 and 17 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Sixthly The combination with type writers in which the type wheel is pivotted
on an oscillating or rocking frame or lever, of type wheels having moveable or
push out types substantially as and for the purpose herein beforo described and
illustrated in Figure 12 of the accompanying Drawings and the adaptation of the
arrangement of moveable or push out types to cutting and perforating stamps
in which cutting or perforating tools or points are used in place of types as
described.
Seventhly The arrangement or combination of parts herein before described
and illustrated in Figures 10 and 11 for adapting the type writer to print in
curved lines.
Eighthly The combination with type writers in which the type wheel is
pivotted on an oscillating or rocking frame or lever of the arrangement or
combination of parts described and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the
accompanying Drawings for letter and line spacing; also the arrangement or
combination of parts substantially as hereinbefore described and represented in
Figures 4 and 5 for the same purposes.
Ninthly. The combination with type writers in which the type wheel is
pivotted on an oscillating or rocking frame or lever of the arrangement or
combination of parts hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 6. 7. 8 and 9
of the accompanying Drawings in which the letter spacing is effected by making
the oscillating or rocking lever carrying the type wheel travel upon a guide rod;
also the modification of the line spacing arrangement represented in Figures 8
and 9 of the accompanying Drawings in which the guide rod is made removeable
and is supported upon fixed rack or grooved bars.
Lastly The combination with type writers in which the type wheel is pivotted
on an oscillating or rocking frame or lever of the arrangement or combination of
the parts of the letter and lino spacing mechanism of the type writer hereinbefore

page_text: described and illustrated in Figures 10 and 17 of the accompanying Drawings,
the said type writer being fitted for writing on paper placed on a flat desk, table
or surface.
In witness whereof I the said John James Raggett have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Eleventh day of July in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.