matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING EXCRETA AND REFUSE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MANURE
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles John Galloway and John Henry Beckwith, both
of Knott Mill Iron Works, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING EXCRETA AND
REFUSE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MANURE."
Sealed the 7th October 1879, and dated the 8th July 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles John Galloway and
John Henry Beckwith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
8th July 1879.
CHARLES JOHN GALLOWAY and JOHN HENRY BECKWITH, both of Knott Mill Iron
Works, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR DRYING EXCRETA AND REFUSE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MANURE."
According to a process adapted in some populous districts, excreta and refuse are
collected, screened, treated with acid, and mixed with a proportion of ash, mould, or
earthy matter, so as to form a pulp which being partially dried to the condition of
a moist powder forms a valuable and portable manure. Our Invention relates to
apparatus for effecting in a continuous manner the partial drying of the pulp above
mentioned. For this purpose we provide a long cylindrical vessel, steam cased, and
placed with its axis horizontal or nearly so, and within it we cause a worm or
creeper to revolve slowly. The matter to be treated is fed in at one end of the vessel
and is slowly advanced while it is stirred by the movement of the creeper till it is
delivered sufficiently dried from the opposite end of the vessel. The outlet for the
matter may be adjustible in height relatively to the bottom of the vessel, so that a
greater or less quantity may be retained to be acted upon. The axis of the worm
or creeper may be tubular supplied with steam, and also the revolving blades may
be hollow, communicating with the hollow axis, so that the greater part or the whole
of the worm or creeper as well as the casing may be made available for giving heat to
the matter operated on. In order to condense the offensive vapours given off during
Prine 2d1

page_text: the drying, they may be led by a pipe from the drying vessel to a chamber
exhausted by a fan or chimney draught. In this chamber a number of water trays
are arranged-one above another, so that water supplied at the top descends in a
thin stream or shower from the edge e of each tray-into-the-tray_below it, and
the vapours pass in a zig-zag direction-over-and under the successive trays and
through the streams or showers of water whereby they are condensed; the air with
which they were mingled-being-thus rendered comparatively pure.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MULES FOR SPINNING FIBRES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Walsh and John Farran at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th August 1879.
JAMES WALSH, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Manufacturer,
and JOHN FARRAN, of Darwen, in the County aforesaid, Mill Manager. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MULES FOR SPINNING FIBRES."
The object of this our said Invention is by the use of improved apparatus to
secure equal tension or tightening of the breaking off chain, whereby uniform tension
on the yarn is secured, the cop being wound evenly, that is to say, it has not hard
and soft parts as heretofore, and in order to secure the above object we employ a
flanged eccentric over or around which the breaking off chain is passed, the eccentric
ensuring the even winding of both cylindrical and conical parts of the cop.
The flanged eccentric is carried on a stud fixed in the trail lever, and one end of
a chain is secured to the boss of the eccentric, another chain in connection with the
backing off snail" is attached to and passes partly around the eccentric. The action
is as follows:-When the trail lever in its ordinary action falls, the tension on the chain
attached to the boss of the eccentric gives partial rotation to the eccentric; the
latter tightens the "backing off chain" and causes the "faller" to act sooner
preventing the formation of soft " nose or soft point.
"
CONSTRUCTION OF PROJECTILES FOR THE USE OF CERTAIN EXPLOSIVE SUBSTANCES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Pieper at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd October 1879. A communication from
Hermann Gruson, Manufacturer, of Buckau, Kingdom of Prussia, and Albert
Hellhoff, Artillery Officer, of Mayence, Grand Duchy of Hesse.
CARL PIEPER, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, of 74, Belle-Alliance-Strasse,
Berlin, S.W., Prussia. "CONSTRUCTION OF PROJECTILES FOR THE USE OF CERTAIN
EXPLOSIVE SUBSTANCES." A communication from Hermann Gruson, Manufacturer,
of Buckau, Kingdom of Prussia, and Albert Hellhoff, Artillery Officer, of Mayence,
Grand Duchy of Hesse.
The hollow projectile or shell is not charged with the ready made explosive
substance itself, but with the constituent parts thereof. These are introduced into
separate bottles of glass, porcelain, or other fragile material, which are enclosed in
the shell, a suitable packing being interposed between the bottles and the wall of
the shell. Or the shell is divided by one or more fragile partitions into chambers
adapted for separately storing up the said constituent parts.
When the shell is discharged, the impact thereby caused, has the effect of
shattering the bottles or the partitions, whereupon the contents of the bottles or
the chambers mix with each other; the mixing process being promoted by the
rotation of the shell during its flight and by the stirring action of the fragments of
the bottles or partitions, so that when the shell reaches its mark, the explosive
compound will have been formed. The same may be made to explode by a common
primer, or in any other suitable manner.
As substances which will combine so as to form an explosive compound, and
which may be used with the shells hereinbefore described, may be mentioned the
following, viz.-Nitric acid on the one hand, and the nitro-derivates of naphtaline,
Other substances of a
phenole, toluole, benzole, or xylole on the other hand.
similar character may however be employed for the same purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN. LOOMS FOR WEAVING, APPLICABLE TO OTHER MACHINES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Blamires at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th January 1879.
JOHN BLAMIRES, of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Woollen Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN. LOOMS FOR WEAVING, APPLICABLE TO OTHER MACHINES."
The object of this Invention is to detect when an "end" of the warp is down or
broken, and so to avoid in great measure the production of imperfect pieces.
For the purpose aforesaid I mount upon adjustable supports a glass or metallic
reflector in such position that the "weaver" may whilst in front of the loom have
a clear and full view of the back of the healds and of the warp. A like reflector is
mounted at one end of the loom in such position as to afford a view along the open
shed," that by such means both points at which breakage occurs is constantly in
view, and early indication afforded.
"
The Invention is equally applicable for facilitating inspection of movable and
fixed parts of card setting machines, cutting machines for finishing fabrics, cutting
and turning metals, mule heads for spinning, other like machines, and to vehicles.
IMPROVED HAYMAKING MACHINE."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Stephen Newson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th August 1879.
DAVID STEPHEN NEWSON, of Enfield, in the County of Middlesex.
IMPROVED HAYMAKING MACHINE."
" AN
The object of this Invention is to construct a simple, light, and inexpensive
machine for making hay, capable of turning the hay over gently without bruising
and knocking out the seeds, as in the case with the ordinary rotating haymakers,
and at the same time lay the hay in win rows ready for carting, and thus obviate
the necessity for racking up as at present.
The machine consists of a framework mounted on an axle which is capable of
turning in bearings connected to the frame. A pair of running wheels mounted
loosely on the axle outside the frame are connected by clutches to the axle when the
latter is required to be driven.
At or near the middle of the axle is keyed a bevil wheel which gears with a
pinion keyed on one end of a short longitudinal shaft suitably mounted on the
frame. At the other end of this shaft is a crank which is attached to and gives
motion to a horizontal transverse bar carrying two or more rakes. These rakes
which are pendant from the bars and are set at right angles thereto in the line of
traverse of the machine are rigidly attached to the bar in such a manner as to
admit of their being raised or lowered or set at any angle as occasion may require;
means are also provided for allowing them to give in case of meeting with
obstructions as in hay makers of other descriptions.
As a traverse motion is given to the machine the pendant rakes will be caused
to reciprocate and thereby lay the crop in win rows at equal distances apart.
In order to keep the rake bar perfectly level, I provide guide cranks having a
throw corresponding to that of the driving crank, and these guide cranks I mount
in any convienient manner on the frame.
Other means may be provided for effecting this object but the arrangement
above referred to will be found to answer well.
The clutches for connecting the running wheels with their axle are thrown in
and out of gear by means of levers connected by rods to handles pivotted to the
back of the framing and worked by the attendant.
The frame may be fitted with a front guide wheel, which will tend to keep the
frame always at the same height from the ground, and the machine may be worked
by horse or steam power.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW DIE STOCKS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Chatwin at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th December 1879.
THOMAS CHATWIN, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer.
“IMPROVEMENTS IN SCREW DIE STOCKS."
In the ordinary method of constructing screw die stocks the annular block in
which the screw cutting tools are made, or in which they are inserted and fixed, is
used in connection with a separate tubular guide, the said guide and block being
inserted in the body of the stock and fixed by screws and screw nuts.
According to my Invention I combine the said guide tube and block, or make
them of one piece of steel, so that the accuracy of their relative positions is not
dependent on their being securely fixed in the body of the stock.
By this arrangement the manufacture of the parts is simplified and the liability
to derangement or inefficiency when the said parts are separable is avoided.
In carrying my Invention into effect I prefer to make the screw cutting tools
separate from the annular block and to insert them in undercut recesses in the
said block, the said tools being secured in the said recesses by a ring secured to the
upper side of the said block by means of screws.
Although I prefer to make the guide tube and block of one piece of steel, yet I
do not limit myself thereto as they may be made of separate pieces of steel, and
secured firmly together by screwing or otherwise. In this case, although the guide
tube and block are made separately, they become virtually one by being secured
together as described; they are not dependent for their correct relative positions on
the body of the stock, but are accurately and firmly fixed in their correct relative
positions whether situated on the stock or detached from it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RENDERING INCOMBUSTIBLE RAW OR MANUFACTURED OR PARTLY MANUFACTURED SUBSTANCES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Tennent, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN RENDERING INCOMBUSTIBLE
RAW OR MANUFACTURED OR PARTLY MANUFACTURED SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 2nd January 1880, and dated the 21st October 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Tennent at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st October 1879.
JOHN TENNENT, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain.
MENTS IN RENDERING INCOMBUSTIBLE RAW OR MANUFACTURED OR PARTLY MANU-
FACTURED SUBSTANCES."
"IMPROVE-
The said Invention relates to improvements in rendering incombustible raw or
manufactured or partly manufactured substances, and consists in the application to
such substances, as means of rendering them fire-proof, of the liquid (or a liquid
essentially similar in its constituents) described in the Specification of Letters
Patent, No. 4089, granted to Gustav Bernheim, as of the 15th October 1878, as a
liquid to be used in place of water for extinguishing fire.
According to this present Invention the substance or material to be rendered fire-
proof is treated with the said liquid by saturating or impregnating it therewith by
any convenient means, for example, in the case of wood, the saturation may be
effected by hydraulic pressure, or by absorption, or immersion. In the case of textile
fabrics the material when manufactured may be saturated or impregnated by
immersion, pressure, or absorption, or the fibres may be so treated before being woven
or otherwise manufactured. Felt or felted goods, or the raw felting materials
previous to manufacture of such goods, may be similarly treated in order to render
them fire proof.
A NEW OR IMPROVED BAROMETER OR WEATHER GLASS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marks Leopold Müller at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th November 1879.
MARKS LEOPOLD MÜLLER, of Sandall Road, Camden Town, in the County of
Middlesex, Mechanician. "A NEW OR IMPROVED BAROMETER OR WEATHER
GLASS."
My improved barometer or weather glass consists in one arrangement of a dial
suspended by a gut cord passing through a hollow column, pillar, or tube, and
capable of oscillating in a horizontal direction or plane within a case or chamber of
glass, wood, or other suitable material forming part of, or fitted to, the base plate
or stand of such barometer or weather glass. This dial is weighted and carries a
suitably graduated scale, which may be placed either on its surface or on its
periphery. A stationary index or pointer, placed horizontally or vertically,
indicates the degrees of oscillation of the dial, owing to the variations in the
weather, such oscillations being produced by the effect the changes of temperature
exercise on the gut cord, by causing it to become more or less twisted. Hence in
this arrangement of my improved barometer it will be noticed that the dial
oscillates, while the index or pointer is stationary.
A strip of paper or other suitable material placed vertically, or a dial placed
horizontally, is provided with graduations corresponding to those of the dial proper,
and is so arranged within or without the case or chamber, that the degrees of
distance travelled or oscillated by the dial proper from the starting point, at
which it was placed, indicates the difference of change of temperature from any
given time, and this can be readily ascertained on inspecting the dials.
Openings in the pillar, column, or tube permit the passage of the atmosphere to
the gut cord.
In order to retard or accelerate the oscillations of the dial the gut cord must
be shortened or lengthened, as the case may be, and this I effect by passing the
cord through a cork or plug inserted in the pillar, column, or tube, and securing
this cord at its upper and outer end to a pin, also fitted in the pillar. On raising
or lowering the cork or plug within the pillar or column, the length of the gut
cord between the dial and the plug will be increased or diminished, so that the
dial will perform a greater or lesser oscillation.

page_text: In another arrangement or modification the graduated scale may be marked on
a disc or plate of glass, talc, or other suitable material, forming the top of the case
or chamber, instead of on the dial proper, and this dial is then dispensed with, and
in its stead is a weight, plate, or disc, which is employed for carrying the index or
pointer which may be marked or fitted thereon.
A counter index or pointer, which may be moveable or not, is also employed for
showing the degrees travelled or oscillated from the starting point of a given time.
MENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Edward Chambers at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th July 1879.
RICHARD EDWARD CHAMBERS, of Lewes, in the County of Sussex.
MENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
" IMPROVE-
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of sewing machines
by which means in addition to ordinary plain sewing, such machines may also be
made to sew over the edge, to sew selvage scams, or overcast all kinds of materials
that may be sewn by machines. The stitch (when not worked over the edge of the
material) also resembles the herring bone stitch so much used in flannel and other
kinds of work.
For this purpose and taking for the purpose of illustration an ordinary "Singer "
machine, I make the needle to vibrate from side to side by making the needle bar
with its slide (which was previously part of the solid head) and such parts as form
the tension of the upper cotton to swing to and fro by jointing the slide to the
other part of the head of the machine, so that the needle may descend in two
different positions about 3/16 of an inch apart or less, according to the width of stitch
required.
I shorten the driving spindle which runs along the horizontal arm and sink its
front bearing back a little, so that the crank wrist may go back far enough to allow
the needle bar to move the³/16 of an inch (or thereabouts) to the right inwards to
the width of the stitch. On the driving spindle and immediately behind the crank,
I key a spur pinion which drives the cam wheel placed immediately below, the cam
face being so formed that it pushes the needle bar with its slide which rests against
it by spring pressure forwards towards the left every alternate stitch, and lets it go
back every other alternate stitch; I make a separate slide for the yoke which drives
the needle bar by clips.
The needle plate has a long instead of a small round hole, for the needle and the
presser foot has a slot or clear space in its side to admit of the passage of the needle
in any of these new positions.
I make the shuttle to slide the 3/16 of an inch (or thereabouts) further forward so
as to catch and pass through the loop when the needle descends in the new positions,
by making the crank / of an inch (or thereabouts) longer, and the connecting rod
the same length shorter so that the extra.travel given to the shuttle should be all
forward; this extra travel given to the shuttle does not affect ordinary work so that
once made it never requires alteration.

page_text: The working of the machine may be changed from plain straight sewing, to the
new stitch before mentioned and vice versa, by simply unscrewing a thumb screw
-which-is-put-in-any-convenient part of the arm or head, and which screws against
the needle bar.slide that is jointed to the head and puts it out of gear with the cam,
-and-fixes-it-when-required for-plain sewing.
To regulate the width of the stitch is simply to move this same screw more or
less.
"
Although I have described my Invention with reference to an ordinary "Singer
machine it is evident that the same may be applied to sewing machines of all
descriptions.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Lloyd, of Watergate Street, in the City of
Chester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CHURNS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Lloyd at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th August 1879.
14
CHARLES LLOYD, of Watergate Street, in the City of Chester. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN. CHURNS."
The Invention has for its object improvements in churns, and relates to the
ordinary up and down churn.
For this purpose I erect a framing of wood on one side of the top of the churn.
To the upper part of this framing is fixed a guide for the dasher rod to guide it in
its up and down motions. To the said rod is pin-jointed one end of a link or con-
necting rod, the other end of which is pin-jointed to a crank fixed on a shaft or
axis mounted in the framing. This crank shaft or axis may be rotated by a crank
handle fixed thereto, or to a By wheel fixed thereon, or it may be driven by gearing
operated by a crank handle, preferably attached to a fly wheel.
.

page_text: CHARLES LLOYD. (L.S.)
A NEW AND IMPROVED OIL FOR PAINTING AND THE LIKE PURPOSES, AND IN THE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Wirth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th February 1879. A communication
from Daniel Stiess and Henri Braam, of Frankfort on the Maine, in the Empire
of Germany.
FRANK WIRTH, of the Firm of Wirth and Company, Patent Solicitors, at Frank-
fort on the Main, in the Empire of Germany. "A NEW AND IMPROVED OIL FOR
PAINTING AND THE LIKE PURPOSES, AND IN THE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING
THE SAME." A. communication from Daniel Stiess and Henri Braam, of Frankfort
on the Maine, in the Empire of Germany.
This Invention relates to an improved oil or compound to be used for the
purpose of painting or other like purposes, and to the method of manufacturing the
same.
I take 100 parts of linseed oil, 50 parts of Dammar cat's eye gum, or other
suitable gum of the like character, 20 parts of wax or stearine, and 50 parts of oil
of turpentine.
These materials are boiled together and are then ground or rubbed up with the
colour or colours desired in the ordinary manner.
I do not confine myself to the precise quantities as above named of the various
ingredients, which may be varied to suit varying circumstances.
Instead of linseed oil other suitable drying oil may be used, and the-wax-may
be omitted from the compound, an additional quantity of gum being substituted.
Colours mixed with this compound prepared in the way described possess great
colouring properties, so that objects painted with them do not require to be first
grounded, but can be completely finished with one coat only.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PLAITING AND IRONING FABRICS, AND IN MACHINERY FOR THE PURPOSE
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th January 1879.
JAMES SMITH, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Sewing
Machine Plaiter Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN PLAITING AND IRONING
FABRICS, AND IN MACHINERY FOR THE PURPOSE."
The object of the present Invention is to lay the fabric in plaits to iron or press
the plaite so formed, and to effect the stitching of the same in one and the sauie
machine and by one continuous operation.
In performing my Invention I employ a similar arrangement of mechanism to
that described in the Specification of Letters Patent, No. 1997, granted to me on
May 12th, 1876, for forming the plaits, but instead of using a centre stud for
mounting the ratchet wheel and forked lever upon, I mount such ratchet wheel and
lever upon a shaft, at either extremity of which I arrange a boss for carrying the
adjustable fingers or projections for imparting the forward movement to the
plaiting or quilting blade, which, in this case, is supported at either end by a lever
arm suspended from a stud. This arrangement permits me to mount upon the said
shaft a pair of boxes or receptacles to receive heated irons in such a manner that the
weight of such irons is imparted to the plaited fabric whilst the needle is passing
through the material, and thus to press or iron the same simultaneously or con-
tinuously with the stitching operation, a lever arm being arranged to lift such boxes
slightly whilst the forward movement of the fabric between each stitch takes place.
By extending the length of the shuttle box cover to form a wider platform for the
plaited material I can apply an additional width of plaiting apparatus.
A modification of my Invention consists in employing a shaft for carrying a
pair of cams provided with a corresponding number of projections to the stitches
requiring to be made in each plait; this shaft is geared direct to and receives a
continuous revolving motion from the driving or other convenient shaft of the
sewing machine, and is arranged to actuate the quilting or plaiting blade in a
similar manner to the arrangement above described, whilst the same shaft causes
or assists the forward movement of the plaited material by means of a presser plate
branching from such shaft by a pair of slotted arms carrying pins, which are acted
upon by the projections upon the cams herein before mentioned. The bottom sur-
face of this presser plate, which is suitably weighted and kept in position by

page_text: springs, is serrated or otherwise roughened to ensure a proper grip of the material.
In this case I produce the necessary heat for ironing or pressing the fabric by
gas jets upon the Bunsen principle, arranged to play upon the lower side of the
table or platform of the machine, and in some cases I apply this method of
heating to the arrangement first described.
5
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ANTI-MACASSARS AND OTHER COVERS AND CURTAINS
Year: 1879

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jeremiah John Patrick O'Sullivan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1879.
JEREMIAH JOHN PATRICK O'SULLIVAN, of the Firm of Thomas Lyons and
Company (Limited), of Cork, in the County of Cork, Ireland. IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF ANTI-MACASSARS AND OTHER COVERS AND CURTAINS."
The object of the Invention is the production of novel and ornamental effects to
the articles produced by the combination of several differently produced fabrics.
For this purpose I use ribbons or bands of woven fabric of the character of that
called "toile-etamine " or such like fabric, and I connect these bands by bands
of crochêt fabric worked one into or onto the other in the course of manufacture.
I also ornament the surface of the woven fabric above referred to by working
thereon embroidery in any desired pattern by the "Bonnaz" machine or other
suitable machine, and I surround the whole by a border of crochêt work with or
without fringe.
By these means a variety of very ornamental and novel effects may be produced,
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MAKING STEEL WIRE OR OTHER ROPE SELF-CLIP IN SMOOTH GROOVED WHEELS FOR DRIVING MACHINERY OR LIFTING OR DRAWING HEAVY LOADS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Parmiter at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st March 1879.
JOSEPH PARMITER, of Harwood, Ansty, in the County of Wilts. "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR MAKING STEEL WIRE OR OTHER ROPE SELF-CLIP IN SMOOTH
GROOVED WHEELS FOR DRIVING MACHINERY OR LIFTING OR DRAWING HEAVY
LOADS."
My Invention being to make a smooth steel or other rope hold on a smooth
grooved wheel for driving or drawing purposes, three wheels are necessary, all
working in the same position (as in Figure 1) and at a sufficient distance to allow
for the free passage of the ropes.
The driving wheel No. 1 in Fig. 1 has a groove sufficiently wide at the bottom
to allow for the free passage of one rope; (Fig. 2) the guide wheels 2 and 3 in
Fig. 1 are double grooved, as in Figure 3.
The rope passes round the driving wheel (No. 1 in Fig. 1), as indicated by arrows
A, Fig. 1, returning round guide wheel No. 2 in Fig. 1, as indicated by arrows D
Fig. 1, then passing back round driving wheel No. 1 in Fig. 1, as indicated by
arrows E, E, then round guide wheel No. 3 in Fig. 1, as indicated by arrows B,
returning again round driving wheel No. 1 in Fig. 1, as indicated by arrows C, E,
Fig. 1, the rope can then be passed in any direction parallel to the wheels. The
rope will then have passed three times partly round the driving wheel and once
round each of the guide wheels. The hold is obtained by cross ropes E, B, Fig. 1,
passing under the alternately drawing_ropes A, E, Fig. 1; the hold is thus exactly
in proportion to the weight drawn. That which I particularly claim as my Inven-
tion is the mode of arranging the ropes in the wheels as before described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO ROTARY MACHINES FOR MAKING LOOPED FABRICS TO PRODUCE SPLICED ANKLES WITH SELVAGED HEELS AND INSTEPS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Wilkins and William Solomon
Woodroffe at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st March
1879.
THOMAS WILKINS, of the Firm of Mellor and Wilkins, of Station Street, and
WILLIAM SOLOMON WOODROFFE, both of the Town and County of the Town of
Nottingham. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO
ROTARY MACHINES FOR MAKING LOOPED FABRICS TO PRODUCE SPLICED ANKLES
WITH SELVAGED HEELS AND INSTEPS."
We employ two modifications; the first consists in employing a machine for
making either ribbed or plain looped fabrics carrying latch needles, to which we
apply two fixed bars, on which slide three thread carriers to each division, and
levers lifted by inclines which operate the thread carriers, causing them to be
traversed the length required independently, the traverse being effected by a lever
operated by a crank. Our second modification consists in employing either of the
machines before named, to which we apply three sliding bars carrying the
requisite number of thread carriers to each division; each bar is traversed inde-
pendently by a finger which drops into a notch or notches in the bar, each finger
being lifted clear of the bar by inclines and presses into the notch or notches by a
spring, the traverse being effected as before described. To produce a welt on a
ribbed looped fabric we employ a notched cam, which operates a lever to hold down
the machine while the required number of courses are made on the frame needles;
we employ any required number of needles, jointed, so that we can turn thein down
to produce selvages where required.
IN RATCHETS FOR WATCHES OR FOR CLOCK WORK
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Mairet at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st October 1879.
CHARLES MAIRET, of Crouch Hill, in the County of Middlesex.
IN RATCHETS FOR WATCHES OR FOR CLOCK WORK,"
"IMPROVEMENTS
My Invention consists of improvements in ratchets for watches or for clock work.
The said improvements are chiefly applicable to watches, but may be applied to
all kinds of clocks or clock work actuated by a spring in the same manner as a
watch.
The object of my Invention is to allow the ratchet wheel of a watch or clock to
have a slight retrograde movement when the watch or clock has been fully wound,
and after the fall of the pawl or click, to prevent the tendency to stick fast, which
the spring occasionally has when it has been over wound or wound too tight. And
also to obtain a lighter lifting action and at the same time a strong and safe locking
of the pawl or click.
For this purpose, instead of placing the pawl or click nearly at a tangent with
the ratchet wheel I place it almost in a radial line from the centre of the ratchet
wheel and place a stop in the frame of the watch or clock for the pawl or click to
rest against. When the watch or clock has been fully wound the spring carries
the ratchet wheel back until the pawl or click comes against the said stop, thereby
releasing the spring from the excessive tension due to overwinding.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING MACHINERY
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th May 1879. A communication
from abroad by Charles Parshall, of Detroit, State of Michigan, United States
of America.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LUBRICATING MACHINERY." A communication from abroad by Charles Parshall,
of Detroit, State of Michigan, United States of America.
The Invention has for its object the lubrication of the valves and pistons of
locomotive or other steam engines from an easily accessible point, and under the
immediate control of the engineer or fireman, and consists in supplying the dry
pipe or steam inlet pipe of a locomotive or other boiler with oil from a lubricator
or vessel constructed with a visible hydrostatic drop-feed, and provided with inde-
pendent steam and oil conduits connecting the lubricator with the dry pipe, said
conduits being provided with a slip joint, whereby the parts are not injured by
their unequal expansion and contraction. Said slip joint is formed by a sleeve and
packing, and may be attached to the shell of the boiler dome. The lubricator
consists of a lower or oil chamber and an upper or condensing chamber, and may
have the shape of a cylindrical vessel fixed to the boilershell, or to any other suitable
support, the top of the said condensing chamber being in communication with the
steam conduit, while the water of condensation accumulates at the bottom of the
chamber, and enters through a controllable orifice into a small internal chamber,
from which it descends into a syphon tube situated in the said oil receptacle, in which
it rises again near to the top of the oil receptacle, and enters a glass tube or indicator
situated in a recess of the circumference of the oil receptacle, and communicating at
the bottom with the interior of the latter. The water of condensation which
enters through the adjustable orifice drops upon the oil, by which the oil receptacle
and the glass tube are partly filled, and falls to the bottom, thereby forcing a
corresponding quantity of oil through an opening at the top of the receptacle into
the oil conduit, which leads inside the steam conduit into the dry pipe.
AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SCRAPING AND SWEEPING STREETS AND ROADS, AND LIFTING THE SWEEPINGS INTO THE ORDINARY MUD CARTS WHEN CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Boyle Phillips at the Office.
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1879.
ROBERT BOYLE PHILLIPS, of Oxford Road, Rathmines, in the County of Dublin,
Ireland, Civil Engineer. "AN IMPROVED MACHINE FOR SCRAPING AND SWEEPING
STREETS AND ROADS, AND LIFTING THE SWEEPINGS INTO THE ORDINARY MUD CARTS
WHEN CONNECTED THEREWITH."
My Invention has for object machinery designed for the more perfect and
effectual scavenging of streets and roads, and to facilitate the removal of the mud
and sweepings therefrom.
For this purpose I construct a frame of wood, or metal, or other suitable material,
which is hung on two pairs of wheels, the front pair turning on a pivot and table.
From this frame are suspended two barrel or revolving brushes in such a manner
that when the machine is in motion the said brushes as they rotate will cause the
mud or sweepings of the streets to be collected, and thrown towards the centre of
the machine.
An inclined shoot or gutter is arranged in the centre of the frame or machine,
the upper end of which projects over and rests on the back board of the ordinary
mud cart to which the machine is attached, and the lower end of the shoot or
gutter carries a hinged flap which rests on the ground.
From end to end of this shoot or gutter is arranged an endless chain or belt
moving round pulleys fixed at both extremities, and carrying a number of trans-
verse brushes. Motion is imparted to this endless chain or belt as likewise to the
above described barrel or revolving brushes, by suitable gear connected with the
main axle of the machine. When in operation the machine or frame is attached to
the ordinary mud cart, which latter may be drawn by two horses. Now as the
machine moves along the street or road, the barrel brushes as above described will
collect and throw to the centre the mud or sweepings, where they will be caught
by the endless chain of transverse brushes, and "licked" on to the flap of the
inclined shoot, thence along said shoot and discharged into the cart at its upper
extremity.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cephas Froggatt and George Edwards
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd October 1879.
CEPHAS FROGGATT, of Stockport, in the County of Chester, Machinist, and
GEORGE EDWARDS, of Stockport aforesaid, Hatter. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS."
Our said Invention, which has reference to improvements in apparatus applicable
to the manufacture of hats, consists in a novel arrangement of the parts employed
to produce the sweep or curl usually formed upon the sides of hat brims. In using
the forming plates hitherto employed for this purpose, considerable difficulty is
sometimes experienced in removing the plates from beneath the curl without
altering or injuring the shape owing to the breadth of the said plates.
Now according to our Invention instead of forming each of the said side plates
in one piece as heretofore we construct them in any desirable number of segments,
which when in position on the hat mould present the usual uninterrupted surface,
while at the same time their segmental construction permits of their being taken
in portions from beneath the curl after the hat has been removed from the
mould.
According to the arrangement which we at present prefer, the two end portions
of the brim mould plate occupy their usual positions, and have formed upon them
tail plates which surround the mould or hat body, abut against each other forming
the inner portion of the brim mould. Outside of and fitting and abutting against
the said tailed end plates are secondary side plates, the outer edges of which are
shaped to give the desired curl to the brim edge. When the hat has been placed
in the matrix and the desired shape has been produced by the ordinary operations
the hat and plates are together lifted off, and the plates removed in segment
without injuring the shape of the brim or curl.
Another advantage arising from our improved method of applying the moulding
plates, as herein before described, is that for different shapes and widths of brims it
will be only necessary to change or alter the said removable outer segments or side
plates, and thus an unlimited number of the said segmental side plates may be used
in the process of manufacture for different widths and curls in combination with
one set of the herein before described tailed end plate.
IN APPARATUS FOR STOPPERING BOTTLES."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Geeves at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th April 1879.
WILLIAM GEEVES, of Cheltenham, in the County of Gloucester.
IN APPARATUS FOR STOPPERING BOTTLES."
"IMPROVEMENTS
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for stoppering
bottles.
For this purpose I employ a plug, by preference of wood. The plug is tubular,
and it is provided with a head. The stem of the plug is of a size to enter easily
into the neck of the bottle, but the head rests on the top of the neck. The passage
through the plug is taper, and the stem is divided longitudinally nearly to the head
by saw cuts, so that it can be expanded by the insertion within it of a conical pin.
The stem of the plug also is covered with a jacket of india rubber which is stretched
over it. When the plug is put in and the pin inserted, causing the expansion of
the stem, the india rubber being also expanded and pressed against the sides of the
neck, a liquid and gas tight joint is made.
When it is desired to open the bottle the plug is readily loosened by the with-
drawal of the conical pin.
In some cases I form a hole in the india rubber jacket, by which the liquid can
be poured out when the conical pin is removed without withdrawing the plug.
When the pin is in its place its end serves to close the hole in the jacket.
Or where the jacket is open at its inner end I sometimes line the interior of the
tubular plug near the head or upper end with india rubber, and the pin fitting into
this lining forms a liquid and gas tight joint.
The pin may for greater security be made to screw or lock itself in its place.
Sometimes I make the plug of cork instead of wood, in which case the longitu-
dinal saw cuts or splits are no longer required.
MENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF WOOL FOR SPINNING AND OTHER PROCESSES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st March 1879. A
communication by Albert Huffmann, of Werden on the Ruhr, Rhenish
Prussia.
IMPROVE-
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W. von
Nawrocki, Patent Agents, of 124, Leipzigerstrasse, Berlin, Germany.
MENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF WOOL FOR SPINNING AND OTHER PROCESSES,
AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR." A communication by Albert Huffmann, of
Werden on the Ruhr, Rhenish Prussia.
.
The Invention has for its object to prevent the unequal mingling of willowed
wool, thereby avoiding the production of stripes in woollen fabrics, and consists in
placing either before the opening of the willow through which the willowed wool
has to pass, or at any other suitable place, a perforated rotating drum, placed over a
lath-cloth and pressing the willowed wool upon the latter. The wool coming from
the willow is thrown against the said hollow drum, which may be made of wires
fastened to the side discs of the drum, and placed near together to avoid as much
as possible the penetration of dust. In order to secure an uninterrupted current of
air through the drum the dust is frequently removed, for which purpose a part of
the drum is made removable. The drum may be driven from the main shaft of the
willow and the endless Inth-table or cloth by means of spur wheels from the axlo
of the drum in such a manner that the speed of the lath-table is the same as that
of the circumference of the drum.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN PROTECTING AND INSULATING UNDERGROUND TELEGRAPH WIRES
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Jensen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd September 1879. (A communication
from abroad by William E. Prall and Harry Obrick, both of New York, in the
County and State of New York, United States of America.)
PETER JENSEN, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PROTECTING AND INSULATING UNDERGROUND TELEGRAPH WIRES." (A
communication from abroad by William E. Prall and Harry Obrick, both of New
York, in the County and State of New York, United States of America.)
The object of this Invention is to protect underground telegraph wires against
the action of gases, dampness, corrosion, and insect life, and to effect their efficient
insulation, while at the same time permitting convenient access to them at suitable
intervals.
For this purpose any desired number of telegraph wires are enclosed in a metallic
projecting pipe provided with an interior insulating tube or casing which is made
in sections with close connection joints and so as to be easily introduced into the
metallic pipe as it is laid and which is made of asbestos, glass, fibre, slagwool, or
mineral fibre or other substance that is a bad conductor of electricity and affording
sufficient pliability in combination with glue or other suitable cohesive substance.
The metallic pipe should first be dipped or otherwise coated with coal tar or similar
substance against corrosion and to fill up the pores, thus preventing the action of
gas, water, or other deleterious substance. The insulating pipe should be treated
combined or saturated with oil, paraffin, or wax, to prevent the destruction of the
material of which it is made if not of a mineral character. If the pipes are made of
slag wool or similar substance or substances, they are coated with paraffin, wax, or
similar substance for preventing corrosion of the inner surface of the metallic pipe
and affording a smooth interior surface for introducing or changing the wires.
The pipe containing the insulating tube is connected at suitable distances with
an air tight test box having stuffing box at each end to allow for expansion and con-
traction and provided with insulated bridges for the separation and numbering of
each wire; the box has an outlet for the wires through air tight stuffing box joint
with asbestos packing.
In the country where the tube would not be disturbed, the encasing metallic pipe
may be dispensed with, but the insulating tube should then be heavier and have an
asphalt covering.
AN IMPROVED BARROW FOR CARRYING SOFT BRICKS AND POTTERY WARE
Year: 1879

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Harris Lake at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th September 1879. A communication
from Ai Wendell Melville, of the City and State of New York, United States
of America.
HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED BARROW FOR CARRYING SOFT
BRICKS AND POTTERY WARE." [A communication from Ai Wendell Melville, of the
City and State of New York, United States of America.]
This Invention relates to the construction of a barrow for the transportation of
newly made bricks or ceramic ware to the drying floors or kilns, and it has for its
object the safe carriage of the soft unburnt bricks or ware and the prevention of
damage thereto in transitu.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I combine a light slatted frame or
rack with a two wheeled axle and interposed springs and with a central tongue or
pole attached to the axle extending therefrom diagonally upward to the front end
of the frame and supported by a leg connected thereto at or about the point of its
attachment to the frame, this leg being so proportioned in length as to uphold the
frame in a horizontal position, or nearly so when the barrow is at rest. The
distance from the front end of the frame or rack and its connection to the tongue
back to the axle equals about two thirds of the entire length of the frame so that
its weight combined with that of the tongue shall tend to keep the frame in its
proper horizontal position to receive and carry its load.
The peculiar combination and connection of the tongue and its supporting leg
with the frame or rack, the axle and the springs whereby the tongue and framo
form in effect the two sides of a triangle, of which the springs between the axle
and frame form the third side, is novel and productive of very beneficial results in
actual service.