Improvements in Pneumatio Tyres.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Dec., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 13th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 14th Nov., 1896
Improvements in Pneumatio Tyres.
1, FREDERICK WESTWOOD, of 1 Lombard Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Cycle Fittings Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
My invention relates to pneumatic tyres comprising an inner inflatable tube and
an outer removable cover, the edges of the outer cover having pockets and wires
arranged in such manner as to contract upon the metal rim when the tyre is inflated.
The object of my invention is to improve upon the existing methods of causing
the wire to contract upon the rim.
My invention consists in passing two or more coils in each edge of the outer
cover, these coils passing first around an inner pocket in the cover, then from that
pocket to an outer pocket, the wires in the pocket nearest the edge of the cover
instead of being joined together to form a continuous coil or coils as is usual in
this type of tyre fastenings, are carried through the sides of the rim and project
through the rim. The projecting ends are fastened by a button or other
contrivance. By this device the inner wire is fixed securely in one position
relative to the rim, and upon the contraction of the edge containing it that edge
settles in the rim in line, or in the same plane as, the hole or holes through which
the ends of the inner coil are passed. This device like other devices for causing a
contracting edge acts upon the inflation of the inner tube to cause the said edge
to grip the rim more tightly the more the air pressure is increased within the tube.
The wire may be arranged in one continuous length giving two or more turns and
when more than two separate coils are used, the fastening places may be distributed
around the circumference of the rim, that is, more than one fastening place may
be adopted. It is to be distinctly understood that in this type of wire fastening,
the wire within the inner edge of the cover is contracted by the expansion of
another portion of the same wire fastened round the outer pocket of the cover.
In another modification of my invention provide a concave metal rim with
inturned or hook edges and I form my cover with soft rubber beads or lugs placed
around the inner circumference to lie within these hook edges. I provide flaps
within the beads and in each flap I place two pockets; within the pockets I place
one or more coils of continuous wire, passing from pocket to pocket. The soft
rubber beads serve to place the cover centrally upon the rim, but do not furnish
holding power to keep it from blowing off. The wires furnish the holding power
and by contracting firmly upon the rim they retain the cover in position.
Dated this 13th day of December 1895.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C:, and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.

page_text: I, FREDERICK WESTWOOD, of 1 Lombard Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Cycle Fittings Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to pneumatic tyres comprising an inner inflatable tube and
an outer removable cover, the edges of the outer cover having pockets and wires
arranged in such manner as to contract upon the metal rim when the tyre is inflated.
The object of my invention is to improve upon the existing methods of causing
the wire to contract upon the rim.
My invention consists in passing two or more coils in each edge of the outer
cover, these coils passing first around an inner pocket in the cover, then from
that pocket to an outer pocket, the wires in the pocket nearest the edge of the
cover instead of being joined together to form a continuous coil or coils as is
usual in this type of tyre fastenings, are carried through the sides of the rim
and project through the rim. The projecting ends are fastened by a button or
other contrivance. By this device the inner wire is fixed securely in one position
relative to the rim, and upon the contraction of the edge containing it that
edge settles in the rim in line, or in the same plane as, the hole or holes through
which the ends of the inner coil are passed. This device like other devices for
causing a contracting edge acts upon the inflation of the inner tube to cause the
said edge to grip the rim more tightly the more the air pressure is increased
within the tube. The wire may be arranged in one continuous length giving two
or more turns and when more than two separate coils are used, the fastening places
may be distributed around the circumference of the rim, that is, more than one
fastening place may be adopted. It is to be distinctly understood that in this type
of wire fastening, the wire within the inner edge of the cover is contracted by
the expansion of another portion of the same wire fastened round the outer pocket
of the cover.
In another modification of my invention I provide a concave metal rim with
inturned or hook edges and I form my cover with soft rubber beads or lugs placed
around the inner circumference to lie within these hook edges. I provide flaps
within the beads and in each flap I place two pockets; within the pockets I place
one or more coils of continuous wire, passing from pocket to pocket. The soft
rubber beads serve to place the cover centrally upon the rim, but do not furnish
holding power to keep it from blowing off. The wires furnish the holding power
aud by contracting firmly upon the rim they retain the cover in position.
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory diagrams to be hereinafter
referred to
Figure 1 is a sectional view through a pneumatic tyre cover arranged in
accordance with my invention.
Figure 2 is an elevation representing the disposition of the wires within the
cover.
Figure 3 represents a modified arrangement of the edges of the cover and
Figure 4 a section of the rim employed with such modification.
Referring to Figure 1, A is the rim, B the outer cover D D the upper and
EE the lower coils of wires. H is a nut for securing the ends of the coil E' on
the outside of the rim.
At Figure 2 the coil D shown outside the dotted circle is the portion of the
eccentric coils which lies in the upper pocket of the cover as shown at D D
Figure 1, whilst the coil E Figure 2 represents the other portion of the eccentric
coils lying in the lower pocket as shown at E E' Figure 1. The crossing pointe

page_text: are shown at C C¹ Figure 2. H H¹ Figure 2 show the positions in which the
fastenings are preferably made.
At Figure 3, B is the outer cover carrying two pockets at each edge in which
are distributed eccentric coils of wire as shown at Figure 2 but in this case the
ends of the wires are joined to each other and' do not extend through to the outside
of the cover. KK are small beads formed in the fabric or attached to the cover
and adapted to engage with the grooved edges of the rim shown at Figure 4.
The grooved or hooked edges of the rim by engaging with the beads K K retain
the tyre centrally upon the rim until inflation when it is secured to the rim by the
contraction of the coils E E'.
I do not limit myself to two coils of wire or to two fastenings for the same, the
number of coils of wire, the number of crossing places of such coils, and the number
of the fastenings, being varied to meet any particular requirements.
With the fastening shown at Figure the wires can be replaced by threads,
cords or other bands, of sufficient number and strength to withstand the stress set
up on inflation of the tyre, or any form of contracting edge cover may be used in
combination with the beads.
The section of the rim may be varied as required, and an air tube and valve
and an outer tread portion for the cover are employed in the usual manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. In pneumatic tyre covers the combination of a contracting edge and
mechanical attachment of the contracting coils to the wheel rim, substantially as
described.
2. In pneumatic tyre covers the combination of the contractile methods
and a means of partially retaining the cover centrally on the wheel rim substantially
as described.
3. The attachment of the outer cover of a pneumatic tyre to the wheel
rim substantially as described and as illustrated at Figures 1 and 2 of the
drawings.
4. The attachment of the outer cover of a pneumatic tyre to the wheel
rim substantially as described and as illustrated at Figures 2, 3, and 4 of the
drawings.
Dated this 12th day of October 1896.
MARKS & CLERK,
18 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13 Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.