IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR FORCING AIR OR WATER.” PUMPS OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR FORCING AIR OR WATER.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Pedro Gamboni, of No. 8, Harley Street, in the
County of Middlesex, for the Invention of ** IMPROVEMENTS IN
PUMPS OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR FORCING AIR OR WATER.”
PUMPS OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR FORCING AIR OR WATER.
"
Sealed the 15th December 1874, and dated the 23rd June 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Pedro Gamboni at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd June 1874.
I, PEDRO GAMBONI, of No. S, Harley Street, in the County of Middle-
"IMPROVEMENTS
sex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IN PUMPS OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR FORCING AIR OR WATER," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in pumps or apparatus for
raising or forcing air or water, and consists of a cylinder, which is pro-
vided in the interior with a double-action piston or plunger, but of
smaller diameter than the inner surface of the cylinder, the space
between the plunger and the cylinder being kept full of water or other

page_text: liquid under the action of a vertical column in connection therewith.
The plunger has a flexible skin or bag attached to each end of it, the
opposite ends of the two bags being attached to the flanges of the end
covers of the cylinder, and the plunger is drawn to and fro or up and
down by one or more piston rods in any suitable manner to draw air or
water into the interior of the bags and expel it therefrom in succession.
I fit valves to the cylinder ends, which preferably open and close under
the action of tappets upon some moving parts of the apparatus.
Instead of supplying the space between the cylinder and bags (of
bellows or other form) with water, air under compression can be used, the
object being to obviate the friction that usually occurs when the piston
works against the cylinder itself.
In some cases the piston may have only one bag attached, and then I
propose that it should be arranged vertically in a vessel charged with
liquid or compressed air, the inlet and the outlet for the pumped air or
liquid being at the same end of the vessel or cylinder.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent;
filed by the said Pedro Gamboni in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 23rd December 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PEDRO
GAMBONI, of 8, Harley Street, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of June, in the year
of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Pedro Gamboni, Her special licence
that I, the said Pedro Gamboni, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Pedro Gamboni, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN

page_text: PUMPS OR APPARATUS FOR RAISING OR FORCING AIR OR WATER," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Pedro Gamboni, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manuer the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Pedro Gamboni, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings here-
unto annexed, that is to say:―
This Invention relates to improvements in pumps or apparatus for
raising or forcing air or water (fluids or liquids), and consists of a hori-
zontal cylinder A, Figure 1, provided in the interior with a double-action
piston or plunger B, but of smaller diameter than the inner surface of
the cylinder, the space C between the plunger B and the cylinder A
being kept full of water or other liquid under the action of a vertical
column D in connection therewith. The plunger B has a flexible skin
or bag E attached to each end of it, the opposite ends of the two bags
E, E, being attached to the flanges F, F, of the end covers G, G, of the
cylinder, and in which the plunger is drawn to and fro by its piston rod
or rods H, H, by any suitable mechanism or by hand to draw air or
other fluid into the interior of the bags E, E, and expel it therefrom in
alternate succession. I fit inlet valves I, I, and outlet valves J, J, in
pipes K, K, and L, L, attached to the cylinder ends G, G, which valves
open and close under the action of the water or other liquid or suction,
or it may be by tappets upon some moving part of the apparatus.
Instead of supplying the space C between the cylinder A and the
bags E of bellows or other form with water or liquid, air, gas, or air and
gas combined in a state of compression can be used, the object being to
obviate or to reduce the friction that usually occurs when the piston
works against the cylinder itself.
In some cases the piston has only one bag E, as in Figure 2, the
cylinder A being arranged vertically, so that the cylindrical or other

page_text: vessel charged with compressed air, or air and gas combined, may be
used for pumping purposes generally.
When I use only one bag to the piston to make the apparatus single-
acting I arrange the inlet valve I and outlet valve J and pipes K, L, at
the upper part of the cylinder, a space being always left between the t
cylinder and the bag, moved by the piston, for containing liquid or air,
as before explained, such chamber being in connection with an exterior
vessel or accumulator M.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
Firstly. The construction of pumps having the piston or pistons
attached to bags of flexible material, outside which is a chamber for
containing water or other liquid, as and for the purposes described with
reference to Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. I claim the construction of pumps having the piston or
pistons attached to bags of flexible material working within a chamber
containing air, gas, or air and gas combined, as herein-before described
with reference to Figure 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly. I claim the combination of flexible bags attached to pistons,
as described, when such bags and pistons are of smaller diameter than 1
the cylinder or vessel in which they move, a space being left between
for containing liquid or fluid, as set forth and substantially as shown.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pedro Gamboni, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of December One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
PEDRO GAMBONI. (L.S.)