Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1887
Complete Left. 25th Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 2nd Mar., 1888
I, RICHARD JONES, of Acton Hall, Berkeley, in the County of Gloucester,
gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention the animal or vegetable substance to be preserved is
first subjected to the action of beat and, for this purpose, it is enclosed in a vessel or
envelope and is therein heated to the requisite degree either by placing the vessel
or envelope in a furnace or by immersion thereof in hot water or by other means.
The effect of this is to destroy any germ or gernis of decomposition, contained within
the substance, which takes place in a period of time varying with the nature of the
substance and the degree of temperature to which it is subjected.
Destructive or
deleterious germs contained in the air in the vessel are also destroyed.
At a convenient part of the vessel or envelope containing the substance is an
orifice plugged or packed with cotton wool or other suitable filtering medium.
Through this orifice the air in the vessel or envelope is permitted to pass out as it
expands under the influence of heat, and any destructive germs contained in the air
are arrested and collected in the cotton wool or other filtering medium.
After having been heated to the necessary degree the vessel is withdrawn from the
influence of the beating agent and fresh air allowed to pass into the vessel or envelope
its destructive germs being arrested and retained in the filtering medium. The vessel
may then be scaled.
The substance under treatment being, as aforesaid, protected from decomposition
from within and shielded from attack from without, is thus permanently preserved for
use 2ª required

page_text: The first part of the process, namely, destroying any germ or geruns contained
within the substance under treatment, may be effected without enclosing the
substance in a vessel or envelope and when the gerin or germs therein is or are
destroyed the substance is enclosed and subjected to the action of heat for the
destruction of any germ or germs contained in the air within the vessel or envelope
as described.
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.
Substances for the Food OI Man.
I, RICHARD JONES of Acton Hall, Berkeley, in the county of Gloucester, gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention consists in an improved method of preserving animal and vegetable
substances for human food. It is applicable also to the preservation of liquids.
According to this invention the substance or liquid to be preserved is first exposed
to the action of a temperature sufficiently high to destroy or render inert the germs
of decomposition or other decomposing influences contained by or existing in the said
substance or liquid.
After exposure, as above, for a length of time sufficient for the purpose specified,
the substance or liquid is deposited in a suitable vessel, case or envelope which is then
sealed and is, with the exception of an orifice or channel which is plugged with cotton
wool or other suitable air-filtering medium, airtight.
The arrangement described in the first part of the provisional specification left with
my application for Letters Patent for this invention has been found in practice to
possess disadvantages and to offer difficulties, and instead, therefore, when dealing
with solid substances, of first enclosing such substances in a vessel or envelope
and then heating to the necessary degree, as set forth in the said part of my said
provisional specification, I prefer to adopt the alternative mode set forth in the last
part of my said provisional specification in which the substance under treatment is
not, in the first instance, enclosed in a vessel.

page_text: In applying this invention to the preservation of animal substances such as beef,
mution or other flesh, fowl or the like, the substance is first cooked by boiling, baking
or otherwise and, in this manner, the deleterious germs or influences which would
otherwise tend to cause decomposition are counteracted.
The degree of heat to which the substance is, for this purpose to be exposed, is
such as to cause a temperature in the middle of the substance of, approximately,
212° Fahrenheit. After having been thus prepared, the substanco is placed in a
suitable vessel, case or receptacle which is then subjected, for a period of from ten to
twenty minutes, to the action of air heated to, approximately, 212° Fahrenheit.
This may be conveniently effected in a chamber heated to the requisite extent by a
stove, hot-water apparatus or other means. The walls of this chamber are pierced at
intervals to enable an operator stationed outside the chamber to handle substances
and vessels placed inside. Windows are provided to enable the operator to see what
he is doing. By the heat to which the vessel containing the substance under treat-
ment is subjected, deleterious or noxious germs contained within the vessel are
destroyed or rendered inert.
Gravy, previously exposed to heat to destroy decomposing germs, may be added to
the animal substance before or during exposure of the latter to heated air.
At a convenient part of the receptacle is, as aforesaid, an orifice or channel which
is packed or plugged with cotton wool. Through this orifice the air in the vessel is
permitted to pass out as it expands under the influence of the heat, and injurious
germs are arrested and retained by the wool and rendered inert by the heat.
Tho receptacle is now withdrawn from the heated chamber or from the influence of
the heating agent, and fresh air is permitted to enter it through the cotton wool or
other filtering medium which intercepts and prevents from entering the receptacles all
deleterious germs or infuences existent in the air passing into the receptacle.
The receptacle may then be sealed, if desired, and if scaled while in a heated
chamber such as herein before described, the use of cotton wool or other filtering
medium may be dispensed with.
The substance under treatment being, as aforesaid, protected from decomposition
from within and shielded from attack from without is thus permanently preserved and
remains available as food as long as may be required.
In the application of this invention to the preservation of liquids, the method
adopted is substantially similar to that hereinbefore described with reference to
preserving animal substances.
A convenient way of raising liquids to the temperature necessary to render inert
the deleterious germs contained therein is to immerse the vessel containing the liquid
in a second vessel containing water and then to apply heat which by gradually
heating the water in the outer vessel raises the temperature of the liquid in the inner
vessel accordingly. Or the heat may be applied directly to the vessel, without the
use of a second vessel and water, as in an ordinary saucepan. It is then put into
bottles or cases in the chamber heated to 212° Fahrenheit or, if a gravy, may be
added to the preserved meat, and, if a syrup, to preserved fruit.
In the treatment of fruit and vegetable substances, the degree of heat to which
they are, in the first instance, subjected should not exceed 150° Fahrenheit. For
this purpose they may be either immersed in water heated to, approximately 160°, or
they may be otherwise heated.
They are subsequently allowed to cool and are thereafter exposed, for from five.to.
fifteen minutes, to air heated to, approximately, -212° Fahrenheit and when, by a
thermometer, a temperature of 150° is indicated in the middle of the largest of such
substances, they are placed in their final receptacle. This part of the process may be
carried out in the heated chamber aforesaid.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The preservation of animal and vegetable substances and of liquids by first
subjecting the same directly or indirectly to a degree of heat sufficient to destroy or

page_text: render inert the germs of decomposition or other decomposing influences existent
therein, and, subsequently, placing them in receptacles and, by subjecting the
receptacles and contents, in a specially heated chamber or otherwise, to the requisite
degree of heat, destroying or rendering inert the deleterious germs within such
receptacles, substantially as bereinbefore described.
2. The use; in preserving animal and vegetable substances and liquids, of a chamber
heated, hy a stove, hot water apparatus or other means, in which chamber the
substances and liquids are exposed to a degree of heat sufficient to destroy deleterious
germs or decomposing influences as specified.
3. The use, for containing animal and vegetable substances and liquids, previously
exposed to the action of heat for destroying germs of decomposition existent therein,
of vessels jars and other receptacles provided with an orifice or channel plugged or
packed with cotton wool or other air-filtering medium, which vessels are otherwise
air-tight, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.
Dated this 94th day of January 1000
NICHOLAS WATTS,
Applicant's Agent.