Improvements in or connected with Means or Apparatus for Counter- acting or Cushioning Vibration Between the Under Carriage or Wheels and the Body or Upper Frame of Vehicles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application,
4941
4000
Complete Specification Left, 6th Jan., 1900-Accepted, 10th Feb., 1900
Complete Specification Left, 6th Jan., 1900-Accepted, 10th Feb., 1900
TRUVIDIONAL
Improvements in or connected with Means or Apparatus for Counter-
acting or Cushioning Vibration Between the Under Carriage or
Wheels and the Body or Upper Frame of Vehicles.
I, HENRY NEVILL, of "Aukerwyke," Shirley Warren, Shirley, Southampton,
in the County of Hants, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
My invention relates to means or apparatus for counteracting or cushioning
vibration that takes place between the under carriage or wheels and the body or
upper frame of vehicles, more particularly motor carriages running on common
roads, and has reference to that type of apparatus in which a piston, rod, or
equivalent device acting against the resilience of a spring such as a spiral, or coil
spring is employed between the under carriage or wheel axles, and the body of the
vehicle, and consists in providing means whereby the action of the spring is
rendered regular and constant, and undue jumping or vibration due to friction of
the parts is prevented, and the weight is absolutely spring borne, and all vibration
is absorbed.
In the carrying out of my invention the piston, rod, or equivalent device which
acts on, or is acted on by the spring works in a cylinder which I provide with longi-
tudinal grooves on its inner surface, I also provide the outer surface of the piston,
or equivalent device with longitudinal grooves, these grooves form races for ball
bearings which are formed, or placed as close together as the size of the ball used,
and the internal surface of the cylinder will permit. The piston is given an
easy fit in the cylinder, and the ball bearings support the piston longitudinally,
The coil spring against which the piston is adapted to bear, or rest may be
placed in the cylinder, the ball bearings provide for the piston being absolutely
spring borne, and cause all vibrations between the under carriage, and the body
to be absorbed, and serve to keep the piston from turning.
By way of example I will now describe my invention in a form suitable for
road motors, and like vehicles. According to my invention I mount the under-
carriage, or the axle bearing of each wheel between two vertical. or vertically
inclined cylinders having closed bottoms, and preferably inclined with their lower
ends pointing towards the line of travel, these cylinders are provided with
pistons the upper ends of which are attached to and support the body of the
vehicle. The cylinders are provided with grooves on their internal surface, and
the pistons are also provided with corresponding grooves, these grooves form
races which are divided into sections, or tiers by rings or studs, and are filled
with steel balls which act as longitudinal ball bearings. The ball races are
formed. or placed as close together as the size of the ball used, and the internal
diameter of the cylinder will permit. Between the bottom of each cylinder,
and the end of its piston, I provide a coil spring adapted to support the piston
so that it is free to move up and down in the cylinder riding on the spring, the
springs are made of strength to collectively take or bear the weight of the
vehicle body, the top of each cylinder is provided with a cover, cap, or stuffing
box through which the piston passes, and means are provided to limit the

page_text: upward travel of the piston, and means such as a screw bolt and nut are pro-
vided at the bottom of each cylinder whereby the spring may be adjusted.
Dated this Twelfth day of April 1899.
FREDERICK J. CHEESBROUGH, Fel. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
Grant & Maddison's Bank Buildings, Canute Road, Southampton,
Applicant's Agent.
Improvements in or connected with Means or Apparatus for Counter-
acting or Cushioning Vibration Between the Under Carriage or
Wheels and the Body or Upper Frame of Vehicles.
*
1, HENRY NEVILL, of Aukerwyke," Shirley Warren, Shirley, Southampton,
in the County of Hants, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to means or apparatus for counteracting or cushioning
the vibration that takes place between the undercarriage or wheels, and the body
or upper frame of vehicles, more particularly motor carriages running on common
roads, and has reference to that type of apparatus in which a piston, rod, or
equivalent device acting against the resilience of a spring contained in a cylinder,
such as a spiral, or coil spring is employed between the under carriage or wheel
axles and the body of the vehicle, and has for its object, and consists in pro-
viding means whereby the action of the spring is rendered regular and constant,
and undue jumping or vibration due to friction of the parts is prevented, and
the weight is absolutely spring borne, and all vibration is absorbed.
In the carrying out of my invention the piston, rod, or equivalent device which
acts on, or is acted on by the spring works in a cylinder which I provide with longi-
tudinal grooves on its iner surface. I also provide the outer surface of the piston.
or equivalent device with longitudinal grooves, these grooves form races for ball
bearings which are formed, or placed as close together as the size of the ball used,
and the internal surface of the cylinder will permit. The piston is given an
easy fit in the cylinder, and the ball bearings support the piston longitudinally.
The coil spring against which the piston is adapted to bear or rest is placed in the
cylinder under the piston and the ball bearings provide for the piston being
absolutely spring borne, and cause all vibrations between the under-carriage, and
the body to be broken up and absorbed, the balls also serve to keep the piston
from turning.
By way of example I will now describe my invention in a form suitable for
road motor, and like vehicles; --According to my invention I mount the under-
carriage, or the axle bearing of each wheel between two vertical, or vertically
inclined cylinders having closed bottoms, and preferably inclined with their lower
ends pointing towards the line of travel, these cylinders are provided with
pistons the upper ends of which are attached to and support the body of the
vehicle. The cylinders are provided with grooves on their internal surface, and
the pistons are also provided with corresponding grooves, these grooves form
races which are divided into sections or tiers by rings or studs, and are filled
with steel balls which act as longitudinal ball bearings. The ball races are
formed. or placed as close together as the size of the ball used, and the internal
diameter of the cylinder will permit.

page_text: Betwen the bottom of each cylinder and the end of its piston, I provide a
coil spring adapted to support the piston so that it is free to move up and down
in the cylinder riding on the spring, the springs are made of strength to col-
lectively take or bear the weight of the vehicle body, the top of each cylinder is
provided with a cover, cap, or stuffing box through which the piston passes, and
means are provided to limit the upward travel of the piston, and means such as a
screw bolt and nut are provided at the bottom of each cylinder whereby the
spring may be adjusted.
Having thus generally described the object, nature, and effects of the invention,
I will now proceed to describe it with reference to the accompanying sheets of
drawings which illustrate the apparatus according to my invention, and show
examples of the application thereof to wheeled vehicles.
In the various figures of the drawings the same or corresponding parts are
designated by the same letters of reference, and they correspond with those used
in the following explanation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a front elevation shown partly in section of a spring apparatus
according to my invention.
Figure 2, is a plan shown partly broken off and partly in section taken at the
Figure 1 showing the ball bearing races of the apparatus.
line x
Figure 3, is a side elevation, shown partly broken off, of the axle carrying
bracket shown in Figure 1.
Figure 4, is a side elevation, and
Figure 5, is a plan of a modification of the axle bracket.
Figure 6, is a side elevation, and
Figure 7, is an end view showing the spring apparatus and axle bracket in
single form.
Figure 8, shows a modification of the axle bracket shown in Figure 6.
Figure 9. shows another modification of the carrying bracket.
Figure 10, is a side elevation of a motor vehicle illustrating the application of
the spring apparatus shown in Figure 1 thereto.
Figure 11, is a side elevation showing part of a vehicle illustrating the applica-
tion of the spring apparatus shown in Figure 6.
Figure 12 is a side elevation partly in section of an electric motor vehicle illus-
trating the application of the spring apparatus shown in Figure 9.
The object of my invention is to provide a spring apparatus for supporting
vehicles and parts of vehicles by which the vehicle or part is absolutely spring
borne and all vibrations between the wheel axle and the body or other part of
the vehicle are broken up and absorbed.
I attain the object of my invention by the spring apparatus shown in the
drawings in which with reference to Figure 1, a a designate two vertically
inclined cylinders having closed bottoms a¹, the left-hand cylinder is shown in
section, and the right-hand cylinder in outside view, these cylinders a are pro-
vided with pistons 6 moving on vertical ball bearings c and supported by coil
springs d. The upper ends of the pistons are connected to a plate e which is
attached to and supports the body of the vehicle. The cylinders a are carried
by a bracket f having bosses in which the evlinders a are held by screw nuts h.
the centre part of the bracket f contains the bearing for the axle of the vehicle
which may be a ball bearing as shown in Figures 1 and 2. or a plain axle bearing
as shown in Figures 4 and 5. The bracket f is preferably supported by stays j
which are attached to the plate e and pass between anti-friction rollers k pro-
vided in the ends of the bracket f. The ball bearings c on which the pistons
work are set and run in grooves 7 formed in the cylinders a and corresponding
Grooves m formed on the pistons b, these grooves 1. m, form the races for the
balls c and they are formed as close together as the size of the ball used and the
internal diameter of the cylinder a will permit as shown in Figure 2. The balls c

page_text: are set in the grooves l, m, in tiers separated by the spring rings, stops, or studs n,
space being allowed between the rings n for the balls c to have free movement.
The balls are kept in their races by a nut o which forms a cover to the cylinder a.
The spring d which supports the piston bis placed in the cylinder a over a
tube one end of which is screwed to the piston 6 and the other end of which
passes through the bottom a¹ of the cylinder a, and has two projections which
take into slots r formed in a distance piece s, passing through this distance
pieces there is a screw bolt t the head of which bears on the end of the distance
pieces and the bolt t screws into the end of the tube p, by screwing or unscrewing
this bolt the strength of the spring d can be adjusted..
The cylinders a, pistons ball bearings c, and springs d are of the same con-
struction in all the examples shown in the drawings, namely, in Figures 1, 6, 8
and 9, but the carrying bracket f is modified to meet the special vehicle or pur-
pose for which the spring apparatus is to be used.
The adaptation of my invention in its double form to a vehicle is shown in
Figure 10 in which four of the apparatus two on each side are used to carry the
wheel axles of the vehicle. In Figure 11 the apparatus is shown in its single
form, and in Figure 12 the single form of apparatus is shown adapted to sup-
port the electric accumulator battery of an electric motor carriage.
By constructing spring apparatus for wheeled vehicles according to this inven-
tion the action of the spring is rendered regular and constant, and undue jumping
or vibration due to friction of the parts is prevented, and the weight of the vehicle
is absolutely spring borne and all vibration is absorbed.
I would have it understood that the adaptations of the apparatus shown in
Figures 10, 11, and 12 are merely given as examples, as it will be evident that
the placing and arrangement of the cushioning device can be varied without
departing from my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The combination, in an apparatus for counteracting, or cushioning vibration
between the under carriage or wheels, and the body or upper frame of wheeled
vehicles, of a cylinder or cylinders having ball-bearing races provided with balls,
with a piston having ball-bearing races to receive the said anti-friction balls, and
adapted to attach to the body of the vehicle, a coil-spring for supporting said
piston, and a bracket or bearing for carrying said cylinder or cylinders, and
adapted to receive or attach to the wheel-axle of the vehicle all substantially as
set forth.
2. In a cylinder, and piston, and coil spring bearing for wheeled vehicles
the combination of anti-friction balls placed loosely in tiers in vertical ball races
and close together in the horizontal plane, and spring rings, stops or studs which
separate said tiers substantially as set forth.
3. A coil spring bearing for wheeled vehicles comprising the closed cylinder or
cylinders a having anti-friction ball races 7, piston or pistons 6 having correspond-
ing anti-friction ball races m, spring separating rings n, anti-friction balls c,
the coil spring d having the adjustment device t, the bracket f to bear the
vehicle axle i, and having a boss or bosses g to carry the cylinder or cylinders a,
and the plate e to attach the piston or pistons b to the vehicle body all sub-
stantially as set forth.
4. A coil spring bearing for wheeled vehicles comprising the closed cylinders a
having anti-friction ball races 7, pistons & having corresponding anti-friction ball
races m, spring separating rings n, anti-friction balls c, the coil spring d having
the adjustment device t, the bracket f to bear the vehicle axle i having bosses g
to carry the cylinders a, and extensions provided with anti-friction rollers k,
and the stays to steady the spring bearing, all substantially as set forth.
5. A coil spring bearing comprising the cylinder a, piston 6 and coil spring d,

page_text: constructed substantially as herein described. The bracket f, and the plate e
as and for the purposes set forth.
6. The herein before described apparatus for counteracting or cushioning
vibration between the under-carriage or wheels, and the body or upper frame or
other part of wheeled vehicles, having the different parts constructed, arranged
and adapted to operate as set forth with reference to and as shown in the accom-
panying drawings.
FREDERICK J. CHEESBROUGH, Fel. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
Grant and Maddison's Bank Buildings. Canute Road, Southampton,
Applicant's Agent.