Improvements in Stop Motions for LOOMS.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Mar., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 28th Sept., 1899-Accepted, 23th Oct., 1899
Improvements in Stop Motions for LOOMS.
We, CHARLES EMMONS PERVEAR, Manager, WILLIAM WATSON HARRISON, Super-
intendent, and JOHN HOLT, Operative, all of Pawtucket, Rhode Island, United
States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to produce a stop motion for the loom which
will operate instantly to stop the heddles and cloth take up mechanism when the
nipper which draws the hairs across in the shed, fails to catch the hair. As the
weight of the running parts is so great that their momentum, when running
will not allow of the whole operating mechanism being stopped instantly with
safety to the various parts.
The stopping is confined in this invention to the motion of the heddles which
are light and in fact are not moving at the time and are only prevented from
starting by the stopping mechanism, and to prevent the operation of the take
up roll, which is also intermittent in its motion and at that time is not in
operation, so that really nothing in motion is stopped, only these parts, the
heddles and the take up, are prevented from starting, which leaves the shed
unchanged and the web in the exact position it was when the nipper failed to
take the hair. This prevents all loss of time excepting that required to make
the mispick, as the rest of the loom mechanism will continue to run and make
the next pick in the regular time. This makes it possible to run the loom at a
much higher speed.
The construction of the loom so far as is necessary to a full understanding
of the invention is as follows:-
The end frames of the loom are connected by beams in the usual way, and
the lay swings on swords pivoted at their lower ends to the end frame. The
driving shaft is provided with cranks to work the lay, and the driving cams, and
turns in bearings in the end frames. An auxiliary shaft which operates the
heddles, is held at one end in a bearing on the end frame and at the inner
end, in a bearing in a stand. This shaft, has a crank, on its outer end which
operates the heddles by means of a connecting rod and is provided with a cam,
held to slide on it and turn with it, by means of a spline in the shaft, and a
groove in the cam fitting on the spline. The said shaft also has a gear, made
fast on it, which engages with a gear fast on a second shaft, held in bearings
on the end frame. On the outer end of the second shaft a bevel gear is held
which engages with a bevel gear, fast on the end of a horizontal shaft, held in
bearings on the outside of the end frame. The other end of the horizontal shaft
has a worm, fast on it which engages with a worm gear fast on the shaft of the
cloth take up roll.
The mechanism for stopping the heddles and cloth take up roll when the
nipper fails to secure a hair, consists of a short lever, held on a pivot on a stand
attached to the end frame. This lever has the feeler pendent from the front
end of it, which projects over the pathway of the lay, so that the hair, in being
drawn into the shed by the nipper will be swung against the feeler, by the
forward motion of the lay. An inverted T shaped lever, is pivoted at its centre
to the end frame in position to have its vertical arm rest against the end of the

page_text: short lever, when the said lever is level. A vertical shaft, is held in bearings
on the end frame, and has a two armed dog arranged to slide up and down on
its upper end and to turn with the shaft. An arm is made fast on the lower
part of the vertical shaft. The back horizontal arm of the T lever is provided
with a rod which projects in under one of the arms of the dog. Another ver-
tical lever held at its lower end in a step on the floor has a frock at its upper
end which enters an annular groove in the sliding cam and is connected by a
rod to the arm on the first vertical shaft. A close spiral spring connects this
lever with the end frame, to draw the lever and cam, back after they have been
drawn over by the cam. A cam is carried on the driving shaft, to operate the
dog and a cam is also secured to said shaft to push down the rod, on a lever
when it has been raised. A close spiral spring connects the front arm of the
IT lever with the floor to draw down that arm of the lever when allowed to do so
by the movement of the short lever. Other parts of the loom not herein
described, such as the heddles mechanism on the top of the arch, and the
mechanism for moving the nipper rod, may be constructed in any of the ways
usual in looms of this class.
The operation is as follows:-
When the loom is started and the driving shaft is in motion, the driving cam
comes in contact with another cam and turns the auxiliary shaft, a half a turn
causing one set of the heddles to be raised, and the other depressed and forms a
shed of the warp, then the nipper is carried through the shed by its mechanism,
to receive the hair, from the bunch and draw it into the shed. As soon as this
is done the lay starts to beat the hair up in the web, and as the hair is carried
by the lay against the feeler it will push it forward and tilt the short lever out
of level so as to allow the T lever to be tipped over by the spring, which caused
a rod to raise the dog, and keep it from being struck by the cam of the driving
shaft as it passes and all the mechanism of the loom will continue running and
the cam in passing will push the rod down again bringing the vertical arm of
the lever to rest against the end of the short lever, and the dog falls down
again into the path of the cam of the driving shaft. But if the nipper passes
through the shed and fails to take a hair and returns without one, when the lay
beats up there will be nothing to operate the feeler and consequently the lever
will not move and the T lever will remain held by the short lever, so that the
dog will not be raised but will be struck by the driving cam which will turn the
vertical shaft and the arm will draw the sliding cam out of range of the cam
so that the shaft will not be turned by it and the heddles will not be changed.
The cloth take up roll will also be still. But as the lay swings back again the
nipper will again pass through the same shed as before, as the heddles have not
changed it, and the work of the loom will go on, and no indication of the mis-
pick will be seen on the cloth. As before stated this allows the speed of the
loom to be greatly increased from 50 up to 80 or more picks per minute besides
improving the appearance of the cloth.
Ti nord day of Vanch 1800

page_text: ates of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
anner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to stop motions for looms, more especially to looms
or weaving hair cloth.
The said invention is hereinafter fully explained and illustrated in the accom-
anying drawings in which:
Figure 1 represents a top view of the loom with the heddles and part of the
eb removed to show the stopping mechanism.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the loom taken lengthways on line 2, 2 of
Figure 1.
Figure 3 shows an end elevation of the loom.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the parts of the stop motion, arranged
together in working position, and
Figure 5 shows a diagram of the heddle cams engaged.
As the
The object of this invention is to produce a stop motion for the loom which
will operate instantly to stop the heddles and cloth take up mechanism when the
nipper which draws the hairs across in the shed, fails to catch the hair.
weight of the running parts is so great that their momentum when running
will not allow of the whole operating mechanism being stopped instantly with
safety to the various parts, the stopping is confined in this invention to the
motion of the heddles which are light and in fact are not moving at the time
and are only prevented from starting by the stopping mechanism, and to pre-
vent the operation of the take up roll, which is also intermittent in its motion
and at that time is not in operation, so that really nothing in motion is stopped,
only these parts, the heddles and the take up, are prevented from starting,
which leaves the shed unchanged and the web in the exact position it was when
the nipper failed to take the hair. This prevents all loss of time excepting that
required to make the miss-pick, as the rest of the loom mechanism will con-
tinue to run and make the next pick in the regular time. This makes it possible
to run the loom at a much higher speed.
The construction of the loom so far as is necessary to a full understanding
of the invention is as follows: A, A, are the end frames of the loom connected
by beams in the usual way, C, is the lay swinging on swords pivoted at their
5 lower ends to the end frame. D, is the driving shaft having cranks to work
the lay, and the driving cams, and turns in bearings in the end frames A, A.
An auxiliary shaft B, which operates the heddles J, is held at one end in a
bearing on the end frame and at the inner end, in a bearing in a stand S. This
shaft B, has a crank e, on its outer end which operates the heddles J, by means
0 of a connecting rod a and is provided with a cam N, held to slide on it and
turn with it, by means of a spline in the shaft, and a groove in the cam fitting
on the spline. The said shaft B also has a gear d, made fast on it, which engages
with a gear d', fast on a shaft v, held in bearings on the end frame. On the
outer end of the shaft v, a bevel gear c, is held which engages with a bevel gear c¹,
15 fast on the end of a horizontal shaft R', held in bearings on the outside of the
end frame. The other end of the shaft R¹, has a worm 61, fast on it which
engages with a worm gear L, fast of the shaft of the cloth take up roll H.
The mechanism for stopping the heddles and cloth take up roll when the
nipper gl, fails to secure a hair, consists of a short lever o, held on a pivot on a
50 stand attached to the end frame A. This lever o, has a feeler f, pendant from
the front end of it, which projects over the pathway of the lay C, so that the
hair h, in being drawn into the shed by the nipper gl, will be swung against the
feeler f, by the forward motion of the lay. An inverted T shaped lever K, i
pivoted at its centre to the end frame in position to have its vertical arm res
55 against the end of the short lever o, when the said lever is level. A vertica
shaft F, is held in bearings on the end frame, and has a two armed dog P

page_text: arranged to slide up and down on its upper end and to turn with the shaft. An
arm g, is made fast on the lower part of the vertical shaft F. The back hori-
zontal arm of the T lever is provided with a rod r, which projects under one of
the arms p of the dog P. Another vertical lever G, held at its lower end in a
stop on the floor has a hook at its upper end which enters an annular groove in
the sliding cam N, and is connected by a rod t, to the arm g, on the shaft F.
A close spiral spring b, connects this lever G, with the end frame, to draw the
lever and cam N, back after they have been drawn over by the arm g. A cam R,
is carried on the driving shaft D, to operate the arm p, of the dog P, and a
cam E, is also secured to said shaft to push down the rod r, on the lever K, when
it has been raised. A close spiral spring t, connects the front arm of the
Tlever K with the floor to draw down that arm of the lever when allowed to do
so by the movement of the short lever o. Other parts of the loom not herein
described, such as the heddles mechanism on the top of the arch, and the
mechanism for moving the nipper rod, may be constructed in any of the ways
usual in looms of this class.
The operation is as follows:-
When the loom is started and the driving shaft D, is in motion, the cam D¹,
comes in contact with the cam N, and turns the shaft. B, a half a turn causing the
crank e, through the rod a, and heddle mechanism not shown, to raise one set
of the heddles, J, and depresses the other, and forms a shed of the warp, then
the nipper g¹, is carried through the shed by its mechanism, to receive the hair h;
from the bunch k, and draw it into the shed. As soon as this is done the lay C,
starts to beat the hair up in the web, and as the hair is carried by the lay against
the feeler f, it will push it forward and tilt the lever o, out of level so as to
allow the lever K, to be tipped over by the spring t, which caused the rod r,
to raise the dog P', and keep it from being struck by the cam R, as it passes and
all the mechanism of the loom will continue running and the cam E, in passing
will push the rod r, down again bringing the vertical arm of the T lever to rest
against the end of the lever o, and the dog P, falls down again into the path of
the cam R. But if the nipper passes through the shed and fails to take a hair
and returns without one, when the lay beats up there will be nothing to operate
the feeler and consequently the lever o, will not move and the lever will
remain held by the lever o, so that the dog P, will not be raised but will be struck
by the cam R, which will turn the shaft F, and the arm g, will draw the sliding
cam N by the rod out of range of the cam D', so that the shaft will not be
turned by it and the heddles will not be changed. The cloth take up roll H,
will also be still. But as the lay swings back again the nipper will again pass
through the same shed as before, as the heddles have not changed it, and the
work of the loom will go on, and no indication of the miss-pick will be seen on
the cloth. As before stated this allows the speed of the loom to be greatly
increased from 50 up to 80 or more picks per minute besides improving the
appearance of the cloth.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In a loom the combination of a driving shaft, a cam fast thereon an
auxiliary shaft to operate the cloth take up roll, a sliding cam held on said
auxiliary shaft and engaging when necessary with the cam on the driving shaft,
a feeler held to vibrate across the top of the lay, a nipper, a second cam on the
driving shaft, mechanism operated by said second cam, and governed by the
feeler device to move said sliding cam, mechanism connecting said auxiliary
shaft with the cloth take up roll, and the cloth take up roll, substantially as
described.
2. In a loom the combination of a driving shaft, a cam fast on said shaft, an
auxiliary shaft, a cam sliding on, said auxiliary shaft to engage with said cam

page_text: n the driving shaft when required, a gear on the auxiliary shaft, a short shart
eld in a bearing on the end frame, a gear on said short shaft engaging with
he gear on said auxiliary shaft, a bevel gear on the outer end of the short shaft,
horizontal shaft held in bearings across the end frame, a bevel gear on one
end of said horizontal shaft engaging with the bevel gear on said short shaft, a
worm on the front end of said horizontal shaft, engaging with a worm gear on
the cloth take up roll, a cloth take up roll, a feeler, a second cam on the driving
shaft, mechanism operated by said second cam to move said sliding cam on the
auxiliary shaft, substantially as described.
3. In a stop motion for a loom the combination of a driving shaft, a cam
fast thereon, an auxiliary shaft, a cam sliding thereon to be engaged with said
cam on the driving shaft to operate the heddles when necessary, a nipper, a
feeler held to vibrate across the top of the lay, mechanism controlled by the
feeler and arranged to move the cam on the auxiliary shaft out of engagement
with the cam on the driving shaft, and prevent the changing of the heddles
when the nipper fails to take a hair, substantially as described.
4. In a loom the combination of a lay, a driving shaft, a cam fast thereon, a
nipper to draw a hair into the shed, a short horizontal lever held on a stand
attached to the loom frame, a feeler pendant from one end of said short lever,
an inverted T, lever pivoted to the loom frame and arranged to have its upright
arm strike the end of said horizontal lever when that lever is level, a short
vertical shaft held in bearings on the end frame, a two armed dog held to slide
on and turn with said vertical shaft, a rod in one end of the inverted T, lever
projecting under one arm of said dog, an arm fast on said vertical shaft, a rod
connecting said arm on the vertical shaft, to a lever operating the sliding cam,
said lever, and sliding cam, an auxiliary shaft, a second cam fast on the driving
shaft to operate said dog, and a third cam fast on the driving shaft to operate
the inverted T, lever, substantially as described.
11899
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.