IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Laurence Frederick Keogh, of Liverpool, in
the County of Lancaster, Cotton Broker, for the Invention of
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Laurence Frederick
Keogh at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 29th March 1853.
I, LAURENCE FREDERICK KEOGH, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Cotton Broker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:
My Invention refers to a method of weaving two or more pieces of
goods in a loom at the same time, and consists in adapting to the
machine a series of shuttle races, and other necessary parts placed one
above another according to the number of pieces of cloth intended to
be produced. Each of these races is provided with a separate shuttle,

page_text: actuated upon any ordinary plan of picking, and they are mounted
upon suitable reciprocating parts for eflecting the beating up. The
heddles may be attached to shafts as usual, but provided with as many
sets of eyes as there are pieces of cloth to be woven, or shorter heddles
may be employed, having separate shafts for each piece of cloth. The
several motions required for weaving may be obtained in any ordinary
mann
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Laurence Frederick Keogh, in the Great Seal
Patent Office, on the 29th September 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
LAWRENCE FREDERICK KEOGH, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Broker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of March, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Lawrence Frederick Keogh, Her especial licence,
that I, the said Lawrence Frederick Keogh, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the said Lawrence Frede-
rick Keogh, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Lawrence Frederick Keogh, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Lawrence Frederick Keogh, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings.
My Invention refers to a method of weaving two or more pieces of
goods in a loom at the same time, and consists in adapting to the
machine a series of shuttle races, and other necessary parts placed one
above another, according to the number of pieces of cloth intended
to be produced; each of these races is provided with a separate shuttle
or shuttles, actuated upon any ordinary plan of picking, and they are
mounted upon suitable reciprocating parts for effecting the beating up.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood, I have
appended to this my Specification a drawing, which will serve to
illustrate the principle upon which my Invention is founded. Fig. 1,
is an end elevation of a double loom; and Fig. 2, is a cross section of
the principal parts thereof. The driving shaft of the parts necessary to
produce one web of cloth is at a, to which ordinary cranks and rods,"
one of which is shewn at b, are adapted; the outward ends of these
rods are connected to carriages c, which run upon rails d, attached to
or formed upon the end framings of the machine; to the carriages c,
is affixed the reed e, provided with shuttle race, stop rod, and other
usual appliances. As the crank shaft therefore revolves, the reed will
be caused to reciprocate, and the work become beaten up, but by a
parallel motion instead of by the vibratory action of the sword usually
adopted. The shaft of the picking motion is at f, actuated by a pinion
from the crank shaft a, and operating upon the usual arrangement of
rods, &c., g; the tappet shaft is shewn at h, actuating the heddles i,
by any ordinary tappets, according to the description of work to be
produced. The warp and work beams are at j, k; the taking up roller
of the latter being caused to revolve by an excentric placed upon the
shaft f, which, through the intervention of a click, drives a ratchet 1,
and train of wheels m, m.
Thus far I have described generally the arrangement of one set of
apparatus, to the several parts of which I lay no claim, they being in

page_text: common use; to the loom thus formed, however, I adapt another set
of apparatus similar to that above mentioned, and situate above it.
Thus at at, is a second crank shaft actuating as alrendy described, a
second reed, shuttle race, &c., o, and in like manner heddles 2, warp
and work beams *, *, and picking motion g, are adapted. In the
foregoing description I suppose the two sets of distinct heddles to
be worked by separate tappet shafts; and two ordinary weft-detecting
apparatus may be employed, so that upon the thread being broken,
the work of one set of apparatus only may be stopped. In order
to prevent dust or other extraneous matters from falling upon the
under-cloth, a screen may be adapted between the two as at n;
the situation of which, however, will be varied according to the dis-
positions for admitting light, or according to the particular arrange-
ment of machinery adopted. In order to provide for the attendance
upon the loom of persons of short stature, I adapt a stand as at o,
consisting of three portions, the centre part capable of being slidden
inward, so as to be out of the way of an attendant not requiring its use.
In the accompanying drawings, I have shown several parts usually
adapted to looms without referring to them.-the weft detector appa-
ratus, friction brake, &c.,-none of which, however, embrace any feature
of novelty; nor have I thought it necessary to enter into a description of
the operation of the loom generally, the whole of the motions being
such as are in common use. But I desire it to be understood, that I do
not confine myself to the construction or arrangement selected for
illustration, as many other descriptions of loom well known may be
be applied equally well; and although the parallel motion of the stay
above alluded to is not generally adopted I do not confine myself
thereto, as the two reeds, if desired, may be mounted upon a vibrating
sword or swords. The heddles shown as separate from each other
may also be connected, if desired, and one tappet shaft only employed;
if a jacquard be used, the harness may be provided with two or more
rows of eyes corresponding to the distance apart of the several sets of
warp threads, and the shedding of the warp ellected by one system of
cards, or other such parts, all of which deviations will be obvious to

page_text: competent persons. That which I claim as secured to me under the
above in part recited Letters Patent, being the application of two or
more sets of apparatus, situate one above another, each capable of
producing a piece of goods.
. In witness whereof, I, the said Lawrence Frederick Keogh,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh
day of September, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
LAURENCE F. KEOGH. (L.S.)