Improvements in Revolving Receptacles for Waste Water, to be Used in the Flushing of Water-closets Flushed with Waste Water.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Aug., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 6th May, 1895-Accepted, 8th June, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Revolving Receptacles for Waste Water, to be
Used in the Flushing of Water-closets Flushed with Waste
Water.
I, THOMAS KNOWLES, of Norwood Road, Southport, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to revolving receptacles for waste water to be used in the
Hushing of water-closets flushed with waste water and consists in improvements in the
form of such receptacles which enable me to ensure that such receptacles shall
revolve freely and when they cease revolving shall come to rest in the proper position
to receive water.
According to my invention I form revolving receptacles for use in water-closets
to be flushed with waste-water so that a transverse section of the interior surface
of each of such receptacles shall be in the form of a helical curve, increasing in
radius towards the edge of the receptacle which is required to move downwards
when the said receptacle commences to revolve. By forming the interiors of the
said receptacles in the manner above described I cause such receptacles to revolve
more freely than the receptacles hitherto constructed for the reason that as a
receptacle constructed according to my invention is moved by the water accumu-
lating in it, the water which has accumulated in such receptacle will be allowed to
move into a part of larger radius and so tend to cause such receptacle to continue to
move in the same direction and so prevent such receptacle from becoming stationary
As soon as a portion of the water which has accumulated therein has been
discharged therefrom. Further the formation of the interior of a receptacle of
the said kind in the manner above described renders it unnecessary to provide such
receptacle with an enlargement or recess specially provided in order to receive water
for the purpose of bringing about the turning of such receptacle and so renders it
unnecessary to provide each receptacle with a counterbalance weight or counter-
balance weights such as are necessary in revolving receptacles of ordinary
construction which often cause such revolving receptacles to come to rest in other
than the proper position.
Dated this Third day of August 1894
HOWARD
CHEETHAM,
Manchester, Agent to the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Revolving Receptacles for Waste Water, to be
Used in the Flushing of Water-closets Flushed with Waste
Water.
I, THOMAS KNOWLES, of Norwood Road, Southport, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to revolving receptacles for waste water to be used in the

page_text: flushing of water-closets flushed with waste water and consists in improvements in
the form of such receptacles which enable me to ensure that such receptacles shall
revolve freely and when they cease revolving shall come to rest in the proper position
to receive water.
+
According to my invention 1 form revolving receptacles for use in water-closets
to be flushed with waste-water so that a transverse section of the interior surface
of each of such receptacles shall be in the form of a helical curve, increasing in
radius towards the edge of the receptacle which is required to move downwards.
when the said receptacle commences to revolve.
In the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is a transverse section of one form of
revolving receptacle formed according to my invention, and Fig. 2 is a section of
part of a closet flushed with waste water showing in transverse section another form
f revolving receptacle formed according to my invention. The part (ABCD)
of the interior surface of the receptacle (a) illustrated in Fig. 1, is made in the
form of a helical or spiral curve increasing in radius from the part (A) to the
part (D) and the part (DEF) of the interior surface of such receptacle is made
of a curve, the radius of which increases somewhat more rapidly than the radius of
the spirally or helically curved part (ABCD) of the interior surface of the said
receptacle. The part (DE F) of the interior surface of the said receptacle is made
of a radius increasing in the said mauner in order that there may be more room for
waste water in that part of the interior of the said receptacle the presence of
water in which brings about the revolution of such receptacle than if the
part (DEF) of the interior surface of the said receptacle were simply produced
by a continuation of the helical or spiral curvature of the part (ABCD) thereo'.
The arrow (G) indicates the direction in which the receptacle (a) illustrated in
Fig. 1 will be caused to revolve when such receptacle being filled with water
commences to revolve when water is to be discharged therefrom, and thus the
part (F) of such receptacle is the part which is required to move downwards when
the said receptacle commences to revolve when water is to be discharged therefrom.
The pivot or axle at each end of the revolving receptacle (a) by means of which
such receptacle is to be supported is secured in such position in the said end of the
said receptacle that it shall be approximately equally distant from the parts (B) (C)
and (D) of the interior surface of such receptacle. The pivots or axles by
means of which the said receptacle is to be supported are made of brass or any
other suitable material and are secured in holes in the ends of such receptacle by
means of nuts, any suitable means such as the use of lead or cement being employed
to prevent leakage from occurring around such pivots, or axles or the pivots or
axles may be secured to such receptacles in any other suitable manner.
provided with the pivots or axles by means of which it is to be supported the said
receptacle (a) is supported by its pivots or axles being placed in suitable bearings
in which they can revolve freely, and unless it should come to rest with the upper
part (ANF) of such receptacle between the part (A) and the part (F) approxi-
mately horizontal, the part (A) of such receptacle is weighted until such receptacle
will come to rest with its upper part (A N F) approximately horizontal.
Revolving receptacles made according to my invention may be made of sheet
copper or other metal which does not materially rust as in the case of the receptacle
illustrated in transverse section in Fig. 1 or of earthenware or other suitable
material as in the case of the receptacle illustrated in transverse section in Fig. 2,
and such receptacles are made with their walls of practically uniform thickness
throughout the parts which are shown in transverse section in the case of the
receptacles shown in Figs. 1 and 2. I find in practice that in the case of receptacles
like that shown in Fig. 1 made of sheet copper the weight requisite to bring the
receptacles to rest with the part (ANF) of each of such receptacles approximately
horizontal in the manner above described may be provided by folding back a
portion of the sheet metal so as to form two thicknesses of such metal at the
art (AJK) as is indicated in Fig. 1 and in the case of receptacles made of
earthenware or other suitable material the provision of the weight requisite for the
When

page_text: said purpose may be accomplished by molten lead being cast into holes formed'
to receive it in the part (A) of each of such receptacles or in any other suitable
manner.
When a receptacle formed according to my invention is supported by the axles
or pivots with which it is provided being mounted in bearings in which they can
revolve and water is allowed to flow into such receptacle the water first flowing
into such receptacle will cause such receptacle to turn for a little distance in the
direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow (G) since by reason of the pivots
or axles of such receptacle being mounted therein, in the position above described
more than one-half of the part of the interior of the said receptacle which is
below the axes of the pivots or axles of such receptacle is at that side of the
vertical plane indicated by the line (LL) and containing the axes of such pivots.
or axles which is more remote from the part (F) which is required to move
downwards when the said receptacle comniences to turn in order to discharge its
contents. When the said receptacle has become filled with water up to the
horizontal plane indicated by the line (M) (M) and containing the axes of the
pivots or axles of such receptacle, the further filling of such receptacle with
water will gradually cause the centre of gravity of the water in such receptacle to
be moved to that side of the vertical plane indicated by the line (L L) which is
nearer to the part (F) of the said receptacle, and then as the filling of such
receptacle with water proceeds the said receptacle will be gradually moved by the
weight of the water therein in the direction indicated by the arrow (G) until the
weighted part (A) of such receptacle is moved past the vertical plane indicated by
the line (LL) when the receptacle (a) will be caused to revolve quickly in the
direction indicated by the arrow (G) and allow the water with which it has been
charged to flow therefrom. From the time when by the said receptacle being moved
in the direction indicated by the arrow (G), the part (A) of such receptacle is
moved past the vertical plane indicated by the line (LL) the weight of the water
in such receptacle will continue to turn the receptacle in the direction indicated by
the arrow (G) until such receptacle has been emptied of water and the weighted
part (A) of such receptacle also tending to turn the said receptacle in the direction
indicated by the arrow (G) until the said part (A) of such receptacle passes.
beneath the axes of the pivots or axles through the vertical plane indicated by the
line (LL) the receptacle (a) will be unable to come to rest in an inverted position
but be caused to continue to move until the mouth or opening (0) of such receptacle
is turned upwards and then the centre of gravity of the empty receptacle being
below the horizontal plane indicated by the line (M M) the receptacle will be
brought to rest in the position in which the receptacle illustrated in Fig. 2 is
shown.
By forming the interiors of the said receptacles in the manner above described
Icause such receptacles to revolve more freely than the receptacles hitherto
constructed for the reason that as a receptacle constructed according to my
invention is caused to move to discharge the water which has accumulated in it,
the weight of the water contained in such receptacle will tend to cause such
receptacle to continue to move in the same direction and so prevent such receptacle
from becoming stationary as soon as a portion of the water has been discharged
therefrom.
Further the formation of the interior of a receptacle of the said kiud in the
manner above described renders it unnecessary to provide such receptacle with
a heavy counterbalance weight or heavy counterbalance weights, such as it is
necessary to employ in conjunction with revolving receptacles of the construction
hitherto usual.
Further the formation of the interior of a receptacle of the said kind in the
manner above described by ensuring that such receptacle shall after the discharge
of the water which accumulated in it turn through a further part of a revolution in
the direction in which it turned to discharge such water, prevents such receptacle
from coming to rest in any other than the proper position.

page_text: Further the formation of the interior of a receptacle of the said kind in the
manner above described enables the adjustment of the position of the centre of
gravity of such receptacle in relation to the pivots or axles by means of which it is
to be supported to be accomplished without it being necessary to fill such receptacle
with water as has been necessary in receptacles of the said kind as hitherto con-
structed, and so greatly facilitates the balancing or adjustment of the position of
the centre of gravity of such receptacle and renders such operation much more certain
and easy than the balancing or adjustment of the position of the centres of gravity
of revolving receptacles of the said kind as hitherto constructed. Further the
formation of the interior of a receptacle of the said kind in the said manner by
rendering it unnecessary to provide a heavy counterbalance weight or heavy
counterbalance weights such as it is requisite to provide in receptacles of the said
kind as hitherto constructed in order to bring such receptacles into position to
receive water, prevents such receptacle from being liable to be placed out of
proper balance by the absorption of liquid in the case of a receptacle made of
earthenware as has happened in the case of earthenware receptacles of the said kind
constructed in the manner hitherto usual.
Further by applying to the part (A) of a receptacle made according to my inven
tion the weight which is necessary for the balancing or adjustment of the position of
the centre of gravity of such receptacle I cause such weight to assist in turning
the said receptacle as soon as such receptacle has commenced to move to discharge the
water which has accumulated therein, whereas the balance weights applied to
receptacles of the kind above mentioned as hitherto constructed tend to consider-
ably retard the turning of the receptacles to which they are applied for some
time after such receptacles commence to turn to discharge the water which has
accumulated in them.
In Fig. 2 of the accompanying drawings is illustrated the manner in which
a receptacle formed according to my invention is employed in a water-closet flushed
with waste water, (b) being the pipe by which waste water is supplied to the
said receptacle, (c) the container in which the said receptacle is mounted and
(d) the pan into which water will be discharged from time to time by the said
receptacle and (e) the outlet from the said pan, but I would have it understood that
revolving receptacles constructed according to my invention may be employed
in any other form of water-closet flushed with waste water in which revolving
receptacles of the construction hitherto usual can be employed.
I would also have it understood that although I have above described the
receptacles formed according to my invention as being provided with pivots or axles
capable of revolving in bearings by which they are supported receptacles constructed
according to my invention may be provided with centres or axles capable of
receiving and revolving upon the points or ends of axles or pivots by which they
may be supported.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
claim is :-
A receptacle of the kind hereinbefore described so formed for the purposes and
substantially in the manner hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings that a transverse section of the interior surface of such receptacle
shall be in the form of a helical curve increasing in radius towards the edge of
the receptacle which is required to move downwards when the said receptacle
commences to revolve in order to discharge the water which has accumulated
therein.
Dated this Fourth day of May 1895.