Iм- PROVEMENTS IN COATING THE SURFACES OF PUMPS, PIPES, CISTERNS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF IRON
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
WYATT, of Oldwinsford, in the County of Worcester, Pump Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Eighteenth day of
October (One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine), in the thirteenth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Wyatt,. my exors, adññors, and assigns, Hér especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that. I, the said. William
Wyatt, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Wyatt, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN COATING THE SURFACES OF PUMPS, PIPES, CISTERNS, AND OTHER
ARTICLES OF IRON;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I,
the said William Wyatt, shall cause a particular description of the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal; to be inrolled in Her Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar. months next and' immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear..

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, 1, the said
William Wyatt, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of coating the surfaces of cast-iron pumps, cast-iron
pipes, cast-iron cisterns, and also other articles made of cast iron, with glass
or glaze.
And in order that my Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the means pursued by me.
The glass or glaze I employ is composed of lead, borax, and silex, and I
prepare the same in the following manner:- I take at the rate of three parts
by weight of white lead (or one part of red lead and two parts of white lead),
two parts of borax, and one part of calcined flint; these ingredients being well
mixed together, are to be fused in a crucible, run into water, and then ground
with water in a glaze mill. (It is not, however, absolutely necessary to fuse
these matters, but it is better to do so), and when the same is thoroughly
reduced, so as readily to pass through a silk or lawn sieve, such as is used by
china manufacturers, it will be ready for use. The glaze thus prepared, and
being of about the consistency of cream, is applied in the following manner :-
The cast-iron pump, or cast-iron pipes, or cast-iron cisterns, or other hollow
article made of cast iron, is to have the interior surfaces coated with the glaze,
which in cases of pump barrels or pipes I perform by closing one end and then
running in a quantity of the glaze; I slowly turn the barrels or pipes till the
whole of the interior is well coated, when the remaining glaze is to be poured
off. In like manner the interior surfaces of cast-iron cisterns and other hollow
articles of cast iron are coated with the glaze, by introducing the same into
such articles and then moving the articles in varied directions till the whole
interior surfaces are coated, when the remaining glaze is to be poured off.
Ordinarily I have only found it necessary to scour and wash the surface to be
coated with water, but if the surface is much oxidized, I have found it
desirable to heat the articles to a red heat, and then when cool to scour the
surfaces well with water. In applying the glaze to the surfaces of cast-iron
articles I have found it desirable that the metal should be warm, which
'facilitates the drying of the glaze on the surfaces; but this is not essential,
particularly where the premises are such as will facilitate the drying of the
glaze. If it be desired that the exterior surfaces of articles of cast iron,
whether hollow or solid, should be coated with glaze, such surfaces are to be
.similarly coated, applying the semi-fluid glaze by a brush, or by dipping the
article into a bath of the glaze. The surfaces of cast-iron pumps, cast-iron

page_text: pipes, cast-iron cisterns, and other articles of cast iron are next to be heated
to a temperature suitable for fusing the glaze, and thus to cause it to adhere
to the surfaces; and this is done by placing the articles in a kiln, in like
manner to earthenware, heated in such manner that no flame or sulphur shall
come in contact with the articles, as is well understood; the fires are then
to be lighted, and the heat gradually raised till the glaze melts, which is
observed by taking out a brick in an opening in the kiln; and so soon as the
melting of the glaze is seen to take place, the fires are to be drawn, and the
furnace with the contents allowed to cool down, when the process of coating
will be complete; but should there be any imperfection of the coating, then
the process above explained is to be repeated.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would state that I do not confine myself
to the precise quantities of the matters above mentioned, nor to the precise
details herein described; but what I claim is, the coating with a glaze such as
herein explained, the surfaces of cast-iron pumps, cast-iron pipes, cast-iron
cisterns, and other articles made of cast iron.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Wyatt, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty.