A New or Improved Closed Refrigerator or Apparatus for Cooling Hot Liquids.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 16th Dec.,
1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Closed Refrigerator or Apparatus for Cooling
Hot Liquids.
We, ANTHONY DUNCAN WILLIAMSON KING, of 42, Charleville Road, Kensing-
ton, London, W., Brewer, and JAMES HENRY HOWELL, of 104, Pembroke Road,
Clifton, Bristol, in the County of Gloucestershire, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:--
Our invention relates to a new or improved closed refrigerator or apparatus
for cooling wort, milk, wines, condensed engine water, and other hot liquids, the
objects of which are firstly:-To provide a maximum area of cooling surfaces
in the smallest possible space, secondly:--To so arrange the said cooling surfaces
as to be easily cleaned, thirdly:-To so arrange the said cooling surfaces as to
be capable of easy removal for the purposes of cleaning, and fourthly:--The
entire exclusion of air dust and dirt from the said liquor while being cooled.
Our invention consists of flat metallic tubes as passages for the cold or iced
water being used as the cooling medium, these being arranged in series of five
or thereabouts, each series being placed within, and enclosed by, a hollow metallic
or other cylinder, in such a way, that the cooling medium is caused to flow from
one to the other in each of the said series, and for preference we employ the said
hollow cylinders in sets of three, each set being so arranged that the cooling
medium flowing from the last of the series of cooling tubes in the first cylinder
is led to the first of the series of tubes in the second cylinder, and in like manner
from the second to the third cylinder, and when two or more sets of cylinders
are employed the water flowing from the last of the first set of cylinders would
enter the first of the second set of cylinders, and so on whatever number of
cylinders may be employed.
The wort, milk or other hot liquor to be cooled is led into the last of the set
of cylinders and flows beneath, around, and over, the said series of flat cooling
tubes, and exudes from the said cylinder through a closed conduit to the second
cylinder, and after passing beneath, around, and over the series of cooling tubes
in the second cylinder, is, in like manner, led from the second to the first cylinder,
and so on for the whole series of cylinders whatever may be their number, and
during the whole process of refrigeration, the liquor being cooled is enclosed
within the said cylinders, and does not come in contact with the outside atmo-
sphere, or the slightest sign of dust or dirt from the commencement to the finish,
and always flows in a direction opposite to that of the cooling medium.
Each series of cooling tubes in each cylinder are borne at their ends in suitable
perforated plates, so that each series of tubes can be bodily removed from their
respective cylinders, and be then thoroughly washed and cleaned, and replaced
in a very short space of time, the distance between one tube and its neighbour
being such as to permit the insertion of a brush or other scouring medium, while
the formation and arrangement of each set of tubes provides a cooling area nearly
if not quite equal to that of a spiral cooling passage, while the facilities for

page_text: removal, cleansing, and replacing afford a distinct advantage over such spiral
passages.
In order that our said invention may be more clearly understood we have
hereunto appended a sheets of drawings, of which,
Fig. 1 is a side elevation (partly in section) of a set of three cylinders according
to our invention, Figs. 2 and 3 being an end elevation of Fig. 1 and a section
upon the line A B of same respectively.
In carrying our invention into effect we construct our improved refrigerator
of one, two, or more sets of 3 metallic cylinders A, B, C, each set mounted upon
a stand or frame D. Each cylinder is provided internally with any number
(preferably five) of flat water passages E, the ends of which are borne in frames F
the length of each series of tubes being slightly less than their respective
cylinders, so that a space G exists at each end of the said series of tubes (Fig. 1)
the said spaces being divided by fixed horizontal partitions H, by means of
which the iced or other water passing through the tubes E is caused to flow from
one to the other in the direction of the arrows Fig. 1. Each set of tubes E
would be slid into their respective cylinders until their initial end abuts against
the fixed partitions I, when the final end would be secured by placing in
position the plate holding the partitions H of the final end, this being secured
in position by the fixation of a plate or cover J, from which it will be clearly
understood the case by which the said series of tubes E in each cylinder may
be removed, cleaned, and replaced.
The iced or other water intended to circulate through the tubes E is caused
to enter the lower cylinder C of the series (or first series as the case may be)
by the means of a conduit K, and as the water flows through the said lubes
in the direction of the arrows, (Fig. 1) the same would exude from the cylinder C
and be led into the cylinder B by a conduit L, and after flowing through the
tubes E therein, in like manner would pass therefrom by a like conduit L.
into the cylinder A, and exude through the conduit M, but where a second or
more series of cylinders are employed to form the said refrigerator, the said
conduit may be extended to lead to the upper A of the second series of
eylinders, and exhaust from the cylinder C thereof, or be conveyed to the cylin-
der of the next series, and so ou ad lib.
The wort, milk, or other hot liquor to be cooled would enter at N of the
eylinder A of the first series, and flow over, around, and under the tubes E
therein and exude, and be conveyed from A to B by a conduit O, and after
pussing in like manner over, around, and under the tubes in B, would exude
and be conveyed by a conduit P to the cylinder C, and exude from C at R, but
whon a second or more series of 3 cylinders is employed, as in Figs. 2 and 3,
the outlet R may be extended to join the inlet of the lower cylinder of the
next series, as suggested by dotted outline in Fig. 2, in which case the hot
liquor would flow upwardly through the second set of three cylinders and
exhaust at S to be conveyed therefrom to the next series of cylinders if such
be used, and 80 on.
It will therefore be understood that according to our invention the flow of
the cooling medium is in a direction opposite to that of the flow of the liquor
being cooled, and it is obvious that although we have described and shewn the
cooling medium entering at K and flowing upwards, while the hot liquor enters
at and flows downwards, that this arrangement may be reversed without
prejudice to the system of the liquids flowing in opposite direction to each
other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
(1) The herein described refrigerator consisting of a set of three cylinders,
or any multiple of three, each set mounted upon a stand or support, and each

page_text: cylinder containing a series of flat tubes or passages for the cooling medium,
arranged to flow from one set to the other, each of the said series of flat tubes
being removable as a whole from their respective cylinders for the purposes of
eleansing, while the wort, milk, wine, or other liquor being refrigerated is caused
to flow over, around and under the said flat tubes, and within the said cylinders.
in a direction opposite to that of the flow of the cooling medium, substantially
as herein set forth and shewn.
(2) The improved enclosed refrigerator, consisting of the combination of a
set of three, or the multiple of three, metallic cylinders A, B and C, each set
mounted upon a stand or frame 1), each of the said cylinders being arranged
to contain a set of flat tubes E, for the passage of the water or other cooling
medium entering at K and passing from one cylinder to the next by a conduit L,
and exhausting at M, or from one set of cylinders to another by an extension
of the conduits M, the liquor to be cooled entering at N and caused to flow over,
under, and around the tubes E, and be conveyed by conduits O P from one
cylinder to the next, and exhausting at R, or led from one set of cylinders to
the next by an extension of the conduit R, to exhaust at S of the next, or next
set substantially as herein described and shown by the appended drawings.
Batal this 10th day of Naha 120n
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
1, Broad Street Buildings, Liverpool Street, London, E.C.,
Agent for the Applicants.