IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORGING AND SHAPING ARTICLES OF IRON OR OTHER METAL OR MATERIAL
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Carr, of Chowbent, in the County of Lan-
caster, Screw Bolt Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORGING AND SHAPING ARTICLES OF IRON OR
OTHER METAL OR MATERIAL."
Sealed the 3rd October 1861, and dated the 12th April 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Carr at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th April
1861.
I, THOMAS CARR, of Chowbent, in the County of Lancaster, Screw Bolt
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORGING AND SHAPING ARTICLES OF.
IRON, OR OTHER METAL OR MATERIAL," to be as follows:-
In one arrangement of machinery the iron, metal, or material is subjected to
the action of two or more hammers, dies, or swages, fixed to a corresponding
number of moveable rams or slides worked by cranks, eccentrics, cams, or
other mechanical movements, in such manner that one or more of the hammers,
dies, or swages, shall be acting on the metal, either separately or combined,
whilst the remainder are receding from or approaching it, which arrangement
enables metals or materials to be forged or shaped to any desired form in an
expeditious manner, without turning the iron, metal, or material, the rest or
table for holding or guiding the metal or material being either stationary or
movable, according to the number of hammers, dies, or swages employed.

page_text: In another arrangement of machinery I employ a moveable ram or slide, in
which is fixed a die or swage worked by a crank, eccentric, cam, or other
inechanical contrivance, and central or on the same plane with the aforesaid
ram or slide is a moveable abutment or die holder, into which is fixed a die or
swage. The metal or material to be acted upon is placed in the last mentioned
die or swage, and then brought in contact with the die in the nioveable ram
by means of a screw lever or cam, or other suitable contrivance, and then the
abutment is drawn back a. short distance from the ram, and shifted from a
horizontal to a vertical position or to right angles in a horizontal position for
the convenience of taking out the shaped article, or putting in the material to
be acted upon.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the. Letters Patent, filed.
by the said Thomas Carr in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th October 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS. SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
CARR, of Chowbent, in the County of Lancaster, Screw Bolt Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Thomas Carr, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas Carr,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Thomas Carr, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein: expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR FORGING AND SHAPING ARTICLES OF IRON OR OTHER
METAL OR MATERIAL," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Thomas Carr, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and. ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and inmediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Carr, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement (that is to say):
:-
In one arrangement of machinery the iron, metal, or material is subjected
to the action of four or more hammers, dies, or swages fixed to a corresponding
number of moveable rams or slides worked by cranks, eccentrics, cams, or
other mechanical movements, in such manner that two or more of the
hammers, dies, or swages, shall be acting on the metal either separately or
combined whilst the remainder are receding from it, which arrangement
enables metals or materials to be forged or shaped to any desired form in an
expeditious manner without turning the iron, metal, or material, the rest or
table for holding or guiding the metal being stationary.
In another arrangement of machinery I use three or two inoveable dies or
śwages. When three are employed there is a stationary die or swage opposite
to one which is moveable, and when two are employed there are two stationary
dies or swages opposite to two which are moveable. One or two springs or
other suitable contrivance being employed according to the number of stationary
dies or swages in order to remove the metal or material from the said stationary
dies or swages to a central position, so that each pair of dies or swages may.
áct alternately upon the said metal or inaterial over its entire surface without
leaving any fin...
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the figures
and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Figs. 1 and 2
are side and front elevations of one arrangement of my improved machinery
for forging or shaping articles of metal or other material, and Figs. 3 and 4
are views of modifications of the same.
Figures 1 and 2 represent a machine with four dies or swages, two working:
at right angles to the others, and two intended to be acting alternately upon
the metal or material, whilst the remaining two are receding from it. The
four dies or swages are shewn at a fixed to the rains or slides b, which are
fitted so as to work freely in the guides c. The necessary alternate motion of
each pair of dies or swages is effected by the eccentrics d on the shafts e, which
revolve simultaneously by means of the toothed wheels f fixed to the shafts.
On one of the shafts there are fast and loose pulleys g and the fly wheel h.
The rest or table for, holding. or guiding the material to be acted upon is
shewn at i; it is fitted to the cylinder and held firm by a set screw, and
when desired may have a screw and handle underneath for the purpose of
adjustment.

page_text: When desired there may be fixed to the ends of the rams a cutter and a
swage or die, as shewn at 7 and m.
or swages.
Fig. 3 represents the application of two moveable and two stationary dies
n are the moveable dies or swages; o, the rams to, which they are
fixed; p, the stationary dies or swages; and 9, the rest or table which supports
the metal or material. In order to place the said metal or. material in a
central position the table is raised by the spring r, and.drawn sideways.by the
springs to their required stops.
Fig. 4 represents the application of one stationary and three moveable dies
or swages; the spring t is for the purpose of raising or adjusting the metal or
material into a central position with the two horizontal dies.
The rams inay also be worked by steam, in which case valves must work
simultaneously by means of a Jacob's ladder, or other suitable movement.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I claim as my Invention, and which to the best of my knowledge and
belief has not been hitherto used within the realm, the employment for
forging or shaping iron or other metal or material of four or more nioveable
hammers, dies, or swages so worked that some of the hammers, dies, or
swages, may be alternately acting upon the material, whilst the remaining
hammiers are receding from it, and also the employment of moveable and
stationary dies or swages, as such improvements are herein .described and
illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Carr, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
:
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Thomas-Carr, in the
presence of
37
THOMAS CARR. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Thomas-Carr, in the
presence of
E. J. Hoones, Patent Agent,
. Manchester.
THOMAS CARR. (L.S.)