IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOAF SUGAR
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Duncan, of Mincing Lane, in the City of London,
and Benjamin Edward Reina Newlands, of Clyde Wharf, Victoria Docks, in
the County of Essex, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS FOR
THE MANUFACTURE OF LOAF SUGAR."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Duncan and Benjamin
Edward Reina Newlands at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 12th February 1881.
JAMES DUNCAN, of Mincing Lane, in the City of London, and BENJAMIN
EDWARD REINA NEWLANDS, of Clyde Wharf, Victoria Docks, in the County of
Essex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOAF SUGAR."
Our Invention relates to improvements in moulds for that description of sugar
usually called loaf sugar, from which the sugar is afterwards readily extracted.
According to our Invention we make the outside of the mould of each individual
slab of sugar of a separate piece of metal bent or cast to shape, on each side of
which we place a thin iron plate. We use these moulds either separately or placed
side by side; in the latter case maintaining them pressed together by means of
wedges or screws in such a manner as to prevent the escape of the green syrup
from the mould when being filled. The operation of filling is performed in the
usual manner, the syrup being allowed to drain through a hole in the bottom of
the mould; or in lieu of this hole we sometimes provido holes at the bottom of the
division and outside plates for the reception of a taper, rod, or plug, which is
removed after the moulds are filled, thus forming an outlet for the syrup.
In lieu of making the division plates separate from the sides of the moulds, each.
mould may be composed of a piece of metal bent or cast to shape, as herein before
described, but with one of the division plates either formed thereon or rigidly
attached to it by means of rivets with countersunk heads or otherwise. When the
moulds are used singly a loose or moveable plate is employed to complete the
mould, but if a number of moulds are to be used together they are placed side by
side, and a loose outside plate is applied to the last mould of the series, the
whole being maintained pressed together by wedges and screws, as hereinbefore
described.
The slabs of sugar may be purified in the usual manner by means of a solution
of pure sugar aided by pressure, suction, or centrifugal force.

page_text: •
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James Duncan and Benjamin Edward Reina Newlands in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th August 1881.
JAMES DUNCAN, of Mincing Lane, in the City of London, and BENJAMIN
EDWARD REINA NEWLANDS, of Clyde Wharf, Victoria Docks, in the County of
Essex. IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOAF SUGAR."
"
Our said Invention relating to improvements in moulds for the manufacture of
loaf sugar has reference to the production of sugar in the form of slabs in moulds,
so constructed and arranged as to admit of the sugar being afterwards readily
extracted.
According to our said Invention we make the outside of the mould of each
individual slab of sugar of a separate piece of metal bent or cast to shape, on each
side of which we place a thin iron plate. We use these moulds either separately or
placed side by side; in the latter case maintaining them pressed together by means
of wedges or screws in such a manner as to prevent the escape of the green syrup
from the mould when being filled. The operation of filling is performed in the usual
manner, the syrup being allowed to drain after the mass has set through a hole in
the bottom of the mould; or in lieu of this hole we sometimes provide holes at the
bottom of the division and outside plates for the reception of a taper, rod, or plug,
which is removed after the moulds are filled and the mass has set, thus forming an
outlet for the syrup.
In lieu of making the division plates separate from the sides of the moulds, each
mould may be composed of a piece of metal bent or cast to shape, as hereinbefore
described, but with one of the division plates either formed thereon or rigidly
attached to it by means of rivets with countersunk heads or otherwise. When the
moulds are used singly a loose or moveable plan is employed to complete the
mould, but if a number of moulds are to be used together they are placed side by
side, and a loose outside plate is applied to the last mould of the series, the
whole being maintained pressed together by wedges or screws, as hereinbefore
described.
The slabs of sugar may be purified in the usual manner by means of a solution
of pure sugar aided by pressure, suction, or centrifugal force.
And in order that our said Invention may be fully understood, we shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to
the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings, the same letters of
reference indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents a longitudinal vertical section
of a mould constructed according to our said Invention; Figure 2 is a plan, and
Figure 3 is a transverse section of the same; Figure 4 is a side elevation, and
Figure 5 is an end view of one of the division plates hereinafter described; Figure 6
is a transverse section of a mould constructed in a similar manner to that shewn in
Figures 1, 2, 3, but with one of the division plates formed in one with or attached
to it; Figure 7 is a plan of a frame for carrying a number of these moulds fitted
together with division and end plates, as hereinafter described, and Figure 8 is a
longitudinal section of the frame with the moulds, and division, and end plates
fitted to it.
In carrying out our said Invention we make the outside of the mould of each
individual slab of sugar of a separate piece of metal A bent or cast to shape, as
shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 3, on each side of which we place a thin iron plate a,
Figures 4 and 5. We use these moulds either separately or in a series placed
side by side with outside plates d, as shewn in Figure 8, in the latter

page_text: case maintaining them pressed together by means of wedges or screws in such a
manner as to prevent the escape of the green syrup from the mould when being
filled. This result may be conveniently accomplished by the use of a frame B,
Figures 7 and 8, the sides a of which form supports for lugs b on the mould, and
the lug b' on the division and outside plates, whilst the end c of the frame at one
extremity and an adjustable screw c¹ at the other maintain the series of moulds A
with their division plates a and outside plates & tightly pressed together. The
operation of, filling is performed in the usual manner, the syrup being allowed to
drain through a hole e, Figures 1, 2, and 3, in the bottom of the mould; or in lieu
of this hole we sometimes provide holes e' at the bottom of the division plates a, as
shewn in dotted lines in Figure 4, and similar holes at the bottom of the outside
plates d for the reception of a rod or plug with a taper extremity, which rod or
plug is removed after the moulds are filled, thus forming an outlet for the syrup.
In lieu of making the division plates separate from the sides of the moulds, each
mould may be composed of a piece of metal A bent or cast to shape, as hereinbefore
described, but with one of the division plates a either formed thereon or ridigly
attached to it, as shewn in Figure 6, a convenient method being to attach the plate
to the mould by means of rivets with countersunk heads. When the moulds are
used singly a loose or moveable plate is employed to complete the mould, but if a
number of moulds are to be used together, as herein before described with reference
to Figures 7 and 8, they are placed side by side, and a loose outside plate is applied
to the last mould of the series, the whole being maintained pressed together, as
herein before described.
The slabs of sugar may be purified in the usual manner by means of a solution
of pure sugar aided by pressure, suction, or centrifugal force.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the bereinbefore
in part recited Letters Patent is,―
Constructing moulds for the manufacture of loaf sugar, substantially in the
manner hereinbefore described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Edward Reina Newlands, on behalf
of myself and the said James Duncan, have to this our Specification set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of August, One thousand eight hundred
and eighty one.
B. E. R. NEWLANDS. (L.S.)