Improvements in the Manufacture of Shells and other Projectiles.
Year: 1890

page_text: ate of Application, 25th Jan., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 20th Oct., 1890-Accepted, 22nd Nov., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Shells and other Projectiles.
I DUDLEY SINCLAIR MARJORIBANKS of Elswick Works, Newcastle-on-Tyne,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of shell and
other projectiles.
A cupped shape stamping of the proper form is taken and passed between a pair
of specially shaped rollers driven in the same direction, and at the same surface
speed, but having their axes set somewhat obliquely the one to the other.
A mandril of the proper length and of the shape of the core is entered into the
cup. The projectile is then passed into the rollers at one end and is carried
through by their rotation. When the whole of the body of the shell has passed
between the parallel portion of the rollers, a clip that has been dropped over the
body of the mandril comes against a stop on the framework of the machine, and
against a collar on the mandril, and the continued onward motion of the projectile
then extracts it off the mandril.
In its passage through the rollers the projectile is made to rotate and every
part of the cylindrical surface is progressively acted upon by the rollers and a truly
cylindrical and smooth surface is obtained.
When it is only desired to make the exterior surface of the shell smooth and
cylindrical, no mandril is used.
This process amongst other advantages improves the quality of the shell.
By a modification in the shape of the rollers it is also possible to form the ogiva
head of a projectile either from a cylindrical forging or in the case of a shell by
forcing inward the end of the hollow cylinder which forms the body.
The projectile is kept at the right height between the rollers either by a block
or another roller placed underneath and between the main rollers.
Dated this 24th day of January 1890.
D. S. MARJORIBANKS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Shells and other Projectiles.
I, DUDLEY SINCLAIR MAHJORIBANKS of Elswick Works, Newcastle-on-Tyne,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of shell and
other projectiles.
A cupped shape stamping of the proper form is taken and passed between a pair of
specially shaped rollers driven in the same direction, and at the same surface speed,
but baving their axes set.somewhat obliquely the one to the other.
A mandril of the proper length and of the shape of the core is entered into the cup.
The projectile is then passed into the rollers at one end and is carried through by
their rotation. When the whole of the body of the shell has passed between the
parallel portion of the rollers, a clip that has been dropped over the body of the
mandril comes against a stop on the framework of the machine and against a collar on
the mandril, and the continued onward motion of the projectile then extracts it off the
mandril.
In its passage through the rollers the projectile is made to rotate and every part of

page_text: the cylindrical surface is progressively acted upon by the rollers and a truly cylindrical
and smooth surface is obtained.
When it is only desired to make the exterior surface of the shell smooth and
cylindrical, no mandril is used.
The projectile is kept at the right height between the rollers either by a block or
another roller placed underneath and between the main rollers.
This process amongst other advantages improves the quality of the shell.
In order that my invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect I will proceed to describe more in detail the manner in which I prefer to
operate.
In the first place I produce a stamping having an ogival bead of the form required
for the finished projectile but the body behind the bead is conical and is shorter than
in the finished projectile. The hollow in the interior of the body is also taper so that
the internal tool employed in stamping may be withdrawn without difficulty. The
amount of external and internal taper may be varied but it will generally be suitable
that the body should be elongated in the process of rolling so that the finished length
is to the original length in the proportion of 8 to 7.
The rollers which I employ in rolling the stamping may be so arranged that as seen
in plan their axes are parallel; the axes are not however horizontal and their higher
ends are at the opposite extremities.
Between the rollers and beneath them there is a supporting roller or block
(preferably the latter) and it is so placed that it supports the work between the
main rollers when it is passing through the latter at such a height that the shell
is pressed downwards on to the block.
The main rollers are so shaped on the periphery as to draw down the body of the
projectile gradually from the taper or conical, to a cylindrical form.
The rollers are driven by any convenient arrangement of gear and as already
mentioned they rotate in the same direction.
The stamping in a suitably heated state is thrust by means of a bar or mandril
between the rollers, in a direction approximately parallel to the axes and the mandril
moves forwards with the stamping until the reduction in the diameter of the body
ceases.
Here as before explained the mandril is stopped and by the action of the rollers the
projectile is drawn from off it and is delivered."
When a mandril is not required the stampings are simply thrust in endwise between
the rollers at one end and they are delivered at the other end.
In some cases I prepare in the first instance a casting in the place of a stamping.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The manufacture of shells and projectiles substantially as described by first
preparing a stamping or casting of suitable form and then rolling this stamping
or casting between rollers rotating in the same direction and carrying the stamping
or casting forward in a direction approximately parallel to the axes of the rollers
whilst reducing it in diameter and to a cylindrical form.
Dated this 18th day of October 1890.
D. S. MARJORIBANKS.

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Jan., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 24th Sept., 1890-Accepted, 20th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Coating of Iron, Steel, Nickel, Zinc, or Tin
for the Prevention of Corrosion.
We, ALEXANDER ELLIOT HASWELL and ARTHUR GEORGE HASWELL, both of
10, Theresianumgasse, Vienna, in the Empire of Austria, Chemists, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to the present invention an electric current is used for depositing on iron,
steel, nickel, tin or zine an anti-corrosive coating or patina consisting of a thin layer
of a metallic oxide, such as binoxide of manganese, sesquioxide of molybdenum, or
binoxide of lead.
The process of forming such coating is as follows.
The article to be coated is first well cleaned by means of any well known
methods usual in galvanic plating processes so as to be perfectly free from oxides and
fatty matters.
For the production of the coating of binoxide of manganese on iron, steel or nickel
the article is connected to the positive pole of the electric battery and inserted into a
bath containing in one hundred litres of water from fifty to a hundred grammes of
manganese in the form of either nitrate or sulphate of protoxide of manganese, and
from one to two kilogrammes of nitrate of aminonia.
For depositing the molybdenic coating or patina on iron, steel or nickel the bath
consists of one hundred litres of water containing one hundred grammes of molybdate
of aminonia and one to two kilogrammes of nitrate of ammonia. In this process the
article to be coated is connected to the negative pole of the battery.
For depositing the lead-binoxide coating or patina on iron, steel, zinc, tin or nickel,
the bath contains in one hundred litres of water one half to one kilogramme of nitrate
of lead and one to two kilogrammes of nitrate of ammonia, and the article to be
coated is connected to the positive pole of the battery.
The electric current requisite for the above is comparatively weak and varies from
03 to 0.5 Amperes per square decimetre.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co..
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Coating of Iron, Steel, Nickel, Zinc, or Tin
for the Prevention of Corrosion.
We, ALEXANDER ELLIOT HASWELL and ARTHUR GEORGE HASWELL, both of
10, Theresianumgasse, Vienna, in the Empire of Austria, Chemists, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
According to the present invention an electric current is used for depositing on
iron, steel, nickel, tin or zine and ati-corrosive coating or patina consisting of a thin
layer of a metallic oxide, such as binoxide of manganese, sesquioxide of molybdenum,
or binoxide of lead.
The process of forming such coating is as follows.
The article to be coated is first well cleaned by means of any well known methods
usual in galvanic plating processes so as to be perfectly free from oxides and fatty
matters.
For the production of the coating of binoxide of manganese on iron steel
Ax

page_text: nickel the article is connected to the positive pole of the electric battery and inserted
into a bath containing in one hundred litres of water from fifty to a hundred grammes
of manganese in the form of either nitrate or sulphate of protoxide of manganese,
and from one to two kilogrammes of nitrate of ammonia.
For depositing the molybdenic coating or patina on iron, steel or nickel the bath
consists of one hundred litres of water containing one hundred grammes of molybdate
of ammonia and one to two kilogrammes of nitrate of aminonia. In this process the
article to be coated is connected to the negative pole of the battery.
For depositing the lead-binoxide coating or patina on iron, steel, zine, tin or nickel.
the bath contains in one hundred litres of water one half to one kilogramme of nitrate
of lead and one to two kilogrammes of nitrate of ammonia, and the article to be
coated is connected to the positive pole of the battery.
The electric current requisite for the above is comparatively weak and varies from
0-3 to 0.5 Amperes per square decimetre.
Having now particularly describel and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
:-
First. The coating of articles of iron, steel, tin, zinc, or nickel with an electro
deposit consisting of an anti-corrosive coating or patina of binoxide of manganese, or
hinoxide of lead or sesquioxide of molybdenum.
Second. The process for electro-depositing binoxide of manganese or lead or
sesquioxide of molybdenum on the metals above mentioned substantially as described.
Third. The use of nitrate of ammonia as an ingredient of galvano-electric baths for
depositing a coating of the above named oxides on the above named metals.
Dated this 23rd day of September 1890.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicants.