AN IMPROVED APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING CHARCOAL, WHICH CAN ALSO BE APPLIED TO COOKING AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Sadleir, of Mulla Tullamore, Esquire, for
thic Invention of "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING
CHARCOAL, WHICH CAN ALSO BE APPLIED TO COOKING AND OTHER PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Sadleir at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
March 1855.
I, THOMAS SADLEIR, of Mulla Tullamore, Esquire, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS AND METHOD OF
MANUFACTURING CHARCOAL, WHICH CAN ALSO BE APPLIED TO COOKING AND OTHER
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, with reference to the manufacture of charcoal, in
applying the heat to the mass of material to be charred in such a manner as
to ensure a rapid combustion thereof instead of the ordinary slower process,
and with reference to the various operations for which boilers are used in
economizing heat, by enclosing the boiler between two masses of heated
material.
The boiler is set or fixed between the two kilns, separated from each other
by a thin division in the middle of the bottom of the boiler, and as the kilns
are lighted alternately at comparatively short intervals, one half of the boiler is
constantly acted on by the heat. By this arrangement the charring of the peat,

page_text: &c. can be carried on simultaneously with the boiling of water and generation
of steam. The flues are arranged so as to distribute the heat in the manner
required for these combined purposes, and also to carry off the deleterious gases
into the chimney, as usual. The wood or pent intended to be converted into
charcoal is ignited at the commencement of charging the kilus, and as the
material wastes the kilns are filled. The burning of the mass of material is
then lowered by means of cold charcoal dust.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Sadleir in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th August 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
SADLEIR, of Mulla Tullamore, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Thomas Sadleir, Her special licence, that I, the said Thomas Sadleir,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Thomas Sadleir, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING CHARCOAL, WHICH CAN ALSO BE APPLIED
TO COOKING AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Thomas Sadleir, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Sadleir, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say, (reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon) :-

page_text: My Invention of "An Improved Apparatus and Method of Manufacturing
Charcoal, which can also be applied to Cooking and other Purposes," is intended
to economize fuel and heat, by combining the means of charring peat and wood
with those for cooking and other purposes to which boilers are applied, instead
of carrying on such processes separately.
And my Invention consists, with reference to the manufacture of charcoal,
in applying the heat to the mass of material to be charred in such a manner
as to ensure a rapid combustion thereof instead of the ordinary slower process;
and with reference to the various operations for which boilers are used
in economizing heat, by inclosing the boiler between two masses of heated
material..
The boiler is set or fixed between the two kilns, which are separated from
each other. by a thin division in the middle of the bottom of the boiler, and
as the kilns are lighted alternately at comparatively short intervals, one half
of the boiler is constantly acted on by the heat. By this arrangement the
charring of the peat, &c. can be carried on simultaneously with the boiling
of water and generation of steam. The flues are arranged so as to distribute
the heat in the manner required for these combined purposes, and also to carry
off the deleterious gases into the chimney as usual. The wood or peat intended
to be converted into charcoal is ignited at the commencement of charging the
kilns, and as the material wastes the kilns are filled. The burning of the
mass of material is then lowered by means of cold charcoal dust.
In order, however, that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will procced to describe the accompanying Drawing, in
which the combination of the charring houses with the cooking house and
boilers is represented.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of the buildings on the line A, B, of
Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken at the lower part of the buildings;
Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section of the same on the line B, C, of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a similar section on the line C, D, of Fig. 2; and Fig. 5 is a repre-
sentation of one of the boilers or steamers detached. In all these several
Figures the same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts. A, A, are
the walls of the building or buildings; B, B, are the charring houses, or houses
in which the manufacture of charcoal is to be carried on. These, it will be
perceived, inclose on each side the cooking house C, but each
houses may be entered separately. D, D, are the kiln for
material, which kilns are arranged so that each pair may
'he three
Dg the
iler or
cooking apparatus between them; d, d, are doors for emp g the kilns.
The flues leading into the chimney from these kilns are shewn at E, E, Fig. 4.

page_text: F, F, are the boilers; G, G, are the flues leading therefrom, through which
may pass off those vapors which it may be desirable to get rid of. Pipes
may also be connected with the boilers in order to conduct the steam generated
therein to the required place. The boilers F are each fitted with a partition
at the bottom (see Fig. 4), which serves to separate the two kilns, which are
arranged one on each side of the same. H, H, are large steamears or receptaclos
for receiving meat, vegetables, and other substances required to be steamed.
These steamers in order to be filled are turned down from the position shewn
at Figs. 1, 4, and 5, and when filled have perforated false bottoms h, h,
slidden into them, on which the substances required to be steamed rest, when
the receptacles H are turned into the position shewn in the said Figures.
From the foregoing arrangements it will be seen that whenever a kiln D on
either side of the boiler F is lighted, the process of cooking or steaming may
be carried on simultaneously with that of charring, and that when both kilns
are lighted, the boiler between them will be made to generate an increased
amount of steam. And I would remark, that instead of charring in the usual
way, I expose the material to be charred to an active fire, taking care to add
fresh material, so as to avoid the waste which would otherwise be occasioned
by reducing it to ashes. Instead of a boiler, as shewn at F, Fig. 4, an oven
may be substituted for baking purposes.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not intend
to confine myself to the precise forms and arrangements of the parts represented
and described; but what I claim as of my Invention is, the combination of the
charring kilns and houses with the boilers and cooking house, as described.
In witness whercof, I, the said Thomas Sadleir, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
THOMAS SADLIR. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered in the presence of
JOSEF HEWES,
Aldershot, Engineer.