App in other Manufactures.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Mar., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 21st Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 2nd Mar., 1889
therefor, the said Apparatus being Adapted in other Manufactures.
We, WILLIAM FOULIS of 42 Virginia Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Engineer and ALFRED JOHN LIVERSEDGE of 98 Dundas Street,
Kingston, Glasgow, in the Counties of Lanark and Renfrew, North Britain, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object to separate impurities which are mechanically
suspended in coal and other gases, and the apparatus used therefor under this
Invention is also adapted for being used in other manufactures wherein liquid or
solid substances have to be separated from gases or fumes, or gases of different
specific gravities have to be separated.
This is effected by imparting to the gas or fumes a rapid rotating motion by means
of revolving blades or vanes enclosed in a suitable outer collecting case. The
centrifugal action set up by the revolving of the vanes causes the heavy impurities
suspended in the gas to be thrown against the periphery of the enclosing case from
which these may be allowed to fall into a channel or suitable receptacle and removed
therefrom by any suitable arrangement. The gas more or less freed from heavy
mechanical impurities. is allowed to escape from the outer case at another point.
Preferably the apparatus is constructed as follows. A central axis or shaft which
may be placed either horizontally or vertically supported by suitable bearings and
having attached to it in a plane at right angles to its axis a solid circular diaphragm,
on each rim of which are a number of vanes or blades which may be either straight
or curved. This double fanlike structure is enclosed in a case somewhat larger in
diameter than the vanes but as nearly as possible of the same breadth or depth as the
vanes. The outer case may be made cylindrical or it may be a truncated cone. The
wide end of the periphery may terminate in a circular channel or gutter in which
the impurities collect and from whence they may be removed by any convenient
arrangement of syphon or trap. The gas entering the case whilst the fan is revolving,
is compelled to travel first along one side of the diaphragm and then along the
other before it can reach the outlet. Whilst doing so it necessarily partakes more

page_text: or less of the notion of the blades or vanes. The centrifugal action thus induced
throws the tar, soot and other heavy mechanical impurities against the periphery of
the case, where they tend to wash around. When the periphery is made slightly
conical, the impurities necessarily move towards the greatest diameter and are thus
washed into the collecting gutter or channel.
The apparatus may be driven by any kind of motive power, or may be made so
that the action of the gas pressing through it may impart to it the necessary motion.
It may also be made with blades on one side only having the inlet at the centre
and the outlet at the periphery, in which case the apparatus may be used as an
exhauster or fan for drawing or propelling the gas.
In place of the apparatus being constructed as hereinbefore described, namely with
vanes or their equivalent revolving inside a stationary case, the case may be made to
revolve with the vanes.
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11
31
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1 7000
ST. JOHN V. DAY,
11, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Petitioners' Agent.
therefor, the said Apparatus being Adapted in other Manufactures.
We, WILLIAM FOULIS of 42 Virginia Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Engineer and ALFRED JOHN LIVERSEDGE of 98 Dundas Street,
Kingston, Glasgow, in the Counties of Lanark and Renfrew, North Britain, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
Our Invention has for its object to separate impurities which are mechanically
suspended in coal and other gases, and the apparatus used therefor under our Inven-
tion is also adapted for being used in other manufactures wherein liquid or solid
substances have to be separated from gases or fumes.
This is effected by imparting to the gas or fumes a rapid rotating motion by means
of revolving blades or vanes enclosed in the outer collecting case.
The centrifugal action set up by the revolving of the blades or vanes causes the
heavy impurities suspended in the gas to be thrown against the periphery of the
enclosing case from which these are or may be allowed to trickle or fall into a channel

page_text: or other suitable receptacle forming part of or connected to the case and removed
therefrom by any suitable means.
impurities is allowed to escape from the enclosing case at another point.
The gas more or less freed from heavy mechanical
Preferably the apparatus is constructed as follows. A central axis or shaft which
5 may be placed either horizontally or vertically supported by suitable bearings and
having attached to it in a plane at right angles to its axis a solid circular diaphragm,
on each rim of which are a number of blades or vanes which may be either straight
or curved. This double fanlike structure is enclosed in a
in diameter than the blades or vanes but as nearly as possible of the same breadth
case somewhat larger
or depth as the blades or vanes.
may be a truncated cone. The wide end of the periphery may terminate in a
The enclosing case may be made cylindrical or it
circular channel or gutter in which the liquid or solid impurities collect and from
which they may be removed by any convenient arrangement of syphon or trap. The
gas entering the case whilst the fan is revolving, is compelled to travel first along
one side of the circular diaphragm and then along the other before it can reach the
gas outlet. Whilst doing so it necessarily partakes more or less of the motion of the
blades or vanes.
The centrifugal action thus induced throws the tar, liquid, hydro-
carbon, soot and other heavy liquid or solid mechanical impurities against the
periphery of the enclosing case, which they tend to wash around. When the
periphery of the enclosing case is made slightly conical, the impurities necessarily
move towards that part of the case of greatest diameter and are thus washed into
the collecting gutter or channel.
The apparatus may be driven by any kind of motive power. The apparatus may
also be made with blades on one side only having the inlet at the centre and the outlet
at the periphery, in which arrangement the apparatus may be used as an exhauster or
fan for drawing or propelling the gas.
In order that our Invention may be properly understood and readily carried into
effect, we have hereunto appended one explanatory sheet of drawings on the several
Figures of which corresponding parts are marked with the same letters of reference,
of which Figure 1, is a vertical section partly in elevation of what we believe to be
the best form or arrangement of apparatus wherewith to carry out our system or
method of separating liquid or solid substances from gas or vapor.
Figure 2, is a horizontal section of the same upon the line a, a, Figure 1.
The mechanism is carried upon a base plate A, from which a pillar B, rises as
shewn. The upper and lower parts of the enclosing casing C, are attached by brackets
to the pillar B, by bolts or equivalent fastenings. The side of the casing C, is
preferably composed of sheet iron or steel and is held by angle irons D, to the upper
and lower parts of the casing as shewn particularly at Figure 1. The lower part of
the casing (, is formed with the gas inlet E, by which the gas enters the separating
machine or apparatus, wherein it is rapidly rotated by the lower blades or vanes F,
ttached to the central spindle G, which is provided at its lower part with the belt
bulley H, for driving it. On the shaft G, there is carried the horizontal disc I, which
orms a division between the lower set of blades or vanes F, and the upper set of
lades or vanes J, the result of which construction is that the gas passing through the
pparatus cannot rise at once directly upwards to the upper part or top thereof but is
ompelled to pass wholly beneath the disc I, and around its periphery as indicated by
he arrows in Figure 1, on passing above which the gas is submitted to further
parating action by being driven round by the upper blades er vanes J. The gas on
sing above the blades or vanes J, passes through the central opening in the upper
art of the casing C, and thence by the outlet duct K. The liquid or solid or both
quid and solid substances or impurities which have been separated from the gas by
ntrifugal action of the blades or vanes F, F, and J, J, within the casing C, are
ojected against the inner inclined sides of the said casing down which they trickle
fall into the annular gutter or receptacle L, at the bottom of the casing C. This
ceptacle L, inclines downwards towards its outlet as shewn at Figure 1, and the
parated impurity or liquid or solid matter is collected at the discharge orifice M, or
I therefrom to any suitable receptacle or place of collection.

page_text: Although we have on the annexed drawings shewn a form or arrangement of
apparatus which we believe to well fulfil the objects of our Invention in practice,
more especially when dealing with coal gas, it is nevertheless to be understood that we
do not limit ourselves to the precise construction thereof shewn and as hereinbefore
described, for example we may, when treating gases of some kinds or when using our
apparatus for separating or condensing metals from their fumes or vapors, vary the
construction by dispensing with the dise I, or by lengthening the casing C, and
increasing the number of such discs I, thereby causing the gas or vapor or fumes to
undergo a greater amount of mechanical or scrubbing action within the casing C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The improvements in the manufacture of gas consisting in causing the gas to
pass into and through a casing wherein it is submitted to centrifugal action by
revolving blades or vanes, whereby the solid or liquid or solid and liquid substances or
impurities which the gas may contain are separated therefrom, substantially as berein-
before described.
2. The arrangement and construction of centrifugal apparatus for separating liquid
or solid or liquid and solid substances or impurities from gases or for separating or
condensing metals from their fumes, substantially as herein before described and shewn
upon the annexed drawings.
n
ST. JOHN V. DAY,
115, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow,
Applicants' Agent.