IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CLOSING, LOCKING, AND UNLOCKING THE DOORS OF RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph William Hoddinott Bugler Chubb, of Hayward's
Heath, in the County of Sussex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR CLOSING, LOCKING, AND UNLOCKING THE DOORS OF RAILWAY
AND OTHER CARRIAGES.”
Sealed the 7th May 1878, and dated the 10th November 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph William Hoddinott
Bugler Chubb at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th
November 1877.
JOSEPH WILLIAM HODDINOTT BUGLER CHUBB, of Hayward's Heath, in the
County of Sussex, Gentleman, IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CLOSING, LOCKING, AND
UNLOCKING THE DOORS OF RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES."
The object of this Invention is to prevent the accidents that are continually
occurring through the opening of railway and other carriage doors while the
carriage is in motion, and the Invention consists in adapting to the carriage certain
improved apparatus whereby any number of the doors (on one side of a stationary
train) which may have been opened will, when the carriage begins again to move,
be closed gradually, and when closed will be securely fastened until the carriages are
again brought to a stand still, when the unbolting of the door may be effected from
the guard's box, or, if desired, automatically.
In carrying out the Invention I prefer to use, in place of the usual door fastener,
an ordinary spring bolt or mortice lock, which is inserted into the door jamb.
In carrying out this Invention I mount under the floor of the carriages (at each
side thereof) a longitudinal shaft carrying chain pullies opposite to each door, and
from these pullies I lead chains underneath the floor, the ends of which are attached
to the lower part of the doors. Rotary motion may be communicated to these
shafts (or to one or other of them, according to the direction in which the carriages

page_text: are travelling) by gear wheels or bands and pullies direct from the carriage wheel
axles. In connecting these chain pullies with their shafts I provide a friction or
other suitable clutch, so that by a lever or tappet action of the closing door the
action of the chains upon them may be arrested.
In order to fasten the doors automatically I mount the ball governor below the
carriage either vertically or horizontally, and communicate rotary motion thereto
in any convenient manner from one of the carriage wheel axles. The arms of the
ball governor are prolonged beyond the fulcrum, and connected to a sliding collar on
the governor's spindle. The to-and-fro motion of this collar when the governor's
spindle is rotating will act upon forked bell-crank levers, to one of which is attached
a rod which is to be moved into a position behind the spring bolts of the mortice
locks, and securely fasten them, while the motion of the carriage maintains the
governor in action.
When it is desired to allow the guard to have control of the locking or unlocking
of the doors I provide a chain or cord communicating with the guard's van, and
connected to the bolts by suitable mechanism.
The chain pullies for closing the doors, in place of being acted upon direct from
the axles of the carriages, may be operated from the spindle of the governor in such
manner as to ensure a more gradual closing of the doors.
Suitable escape links in the chains used in closing the doors may be provided to
prevent the breaking of the chains or other part of the mechanism should there be
any impediment to the proper closing of the door.
In adapting the apparatus to ordinary carriages, the arrangement of the parts
will be necessarily somewhat modified, but the general features of the Invention will
be the same.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Joseph William Hoddinott Bugler Chubb in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 10th May 1878.
JOSEPH WILLIAM HODDINOTT BUGLER CHUBB, of Hayward's Heath, in the
County of Sussex, Gentleman. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CLOSING, LOCKING,
AND UNLOCKING THE DOORS OF RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES."
The object of this Invention is to prevent the accidents that are continually
occurring through the opening of railway and other carriage doors while the
carriage is in motion, and the Invention consists in adapting to the carriage certain
improved apparatus whereby any number of the doors of one side of a stationary
train which may have been opened will, when the carriages begin again to move,
be closed gradually, and when closed will be securely fastened until the carriages are
again brought to a stand still, when the unbolting of the doors may be effected from
the guard's box or by the passengers; or, if desired, the unbolting of the doors may
be effected automatically.
In the accompanying Drawings,
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, is a side elevation of a railway carriage with my improvements
adapted thereto.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the under framing of the carriage.
Fig. 3 is a cross section of some of the working parts.
In the arrangement shown in these Figures I mount (under the floor of the
carriages) a longitudinal shaft a, carrying chain pulleys b, b, which are mounted
loosely thereon, and from these pullies I lead chains c underneath the floor of the
carriage. The ends of these chains are attached. to the lower part of the doors d,
and by pulling on these chains the doors may be drawn to. Rotary motion may be
communicated from the carriage wheel axle g* to the shaft a (according to the
direction in which the carriages are travelling) by means of bevil gear wheels f,f¹.
The bevil wheel f' is mounted on one end of a shaft g, which carries at its other
end a pulley g¹, which by means of a band g² drives a pulley a¹ on the long shaft a.
In order to connect these chain pulleys b with their shafts, so as to cause them to
rotate and wind up the chains, I provide a friction or other suitable clutch b¹ to
each, so that by means of a bell-crank lever h and a tappet action of the closing
door the action of the chains c and the pulleys b may be arrested. One end of the
bell-crank lever h takes into the groove of the clutch b', while the opposite end is
jointed to the end of the tappet rod i, the opposite end of which passes through the
longitudinal side frame of the under carriage, and when the door is open (as shown
at A, A, in Fig. 2) this end of the rod i projects beyond the frame, but when the
door is closed it will of course be driven inwards, and will force back the lever h
and thereby release the clutch b, which, on the contrary, when the door is open will
be forced forward by the coiled spring 62 behind it, so that the clutch, the chain
pullies, and chains will all be set in motion when the shaft a rotates, provided the
door & be open.
In order to fasten the doors automatically I mount a ball governor j on the shaft g
below the carriage, either vertically or horizontally, and communicate rotary motion
thereto from one of the carriage wheel axles in the manner already explained. The
arms of the ball governor are prolonged beyond the fulcrum, and connected to a
sliding collar or sleeve k on the governor spindle g. The to-and-fro motion of this
collar when the governor spindle g is rotating will act upon the forked levers
on the cross shafts l, at each end of which is a short lever 2, to which is attached a
rod m, Fig. 1, which is connected to one end of a bell-crank lever n, which is
connected by means of another rod o to the bolt of the door lock, as shown at
Fig. 1. By this means the lock will be securely fastened, while the motion of
the carriage maintains the governor j in action.
When it is desired to allow the guard to have control of the locking or unlocking
of the doors, the locking mechanism is constructed in the manner shown in the

page_text: detached view, Fig. 4, which is drawn upon an enlarged scale. Instead of the
rod o being jointed to the short lever of the locking bolt, it passes through the end
of the lever, and the parts are kept in position by means of a coiled spring. The
pivot p of the locking bolt is provided with a square hole, to which the guard may
apply his key for the purpose of turning the same and unlocking the door,
which the spring enables him to do without deranging the other parts or acting on
the rod o.
In place of closing the doors by means of chains and pullies acted upon direct
from the axles of the carriages in the manner above described, the doors may be
operated upon from the shaft g of the governor in such a manner as to ensure a
more gradual closing of the doors. This modification is shewn at Sheet II., in which
Fig. 5 is a sectional side elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan view of part of a carriage
with this improvement adapted thereto. The axle g* of the running wheels imparts
motion by means of the bevil gearing f to the shaft g of the governor j, which works
a sleeve shaft k, as in the former instance. A forked lever is mounted on the cross
shaft, which at each end carries a lever 12, whereby the locking and unlocking of
the doors is effected, as in Figures 1 and 2; but in the present instance there is
another lever 13, which acts on one of the side rods r, r, of which there is one on
each side of the carriage; these rods are jointed at their ends to long levers q
mounted on vertical spindles or pins, and each of these side rods is provided with
short studs or pins 8, which work in angular slots made in the lever arms t, t, which
are mounted on studs fixed in the framing; these arms at their outer extremities
are provided with vertical pins or fingers, against which the doors bear when they
are open. It will be evident therefore that by the onward motion of the carriage
the running wheel axle g* would act on the shaft g, and cause the governor to
rotate and draw forward the sleeve k, and with it the forked lever 1, which will
rock the cross shaft and thereby actuate the levers 12 and 13, and also the side
rods r, r, which by means of their studs s will rock the lever arins t, t, and push to
the doors of the carriage. The levers 2 will have a further short motion forward,
and will move the rods m and lock the doors, as in the former instance.
In adapting the apparatus to ordinary carriages, the arrangement of the parts
will be necessarily modified, but the general features of the Invention, as above
described, will be the same, only in this case the motion will be transmitted from
the nave of the running wheels by gearing or other suitable means instead of from
the axles.
Having now described my Invention of improved apparatus for closing, locking,
and unlocking the doors of railway and other carriages, and having explained the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I claim as the Invention secured to me by
Letters Patent as aforesaid, closing, locking, and unlocking the doors of railway and
other carriages by means of chains, straps, levers, arms, or other equivalent devices,
actuated by the axles of the running wheel or by the running wheels, as and for the
purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph William Hoddinott Bugler Chubb,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, the Tenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
HODDINOTT CHUBB. (L.S.)
J. W. H. B. CHUBB,