IMPROVE- MENTS IN REFRIGERATORS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Michael Saunders, of Prince's End, Tipton,
in the County of Stafford, Engineer, and Henry Forrest, of Oldbury,
in the County of Worcester, Brower, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN REFRIGERATORS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Michael Saunders
and Henry Forrest at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 9th January 1869.
We, MICHAEL SAUNDERS, of Prince's End, Tipton, in the County of
Stafford, Engineer, and HENRY FORREST, of Oldbury, in the County of
Worcester, Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REFRIGERATORS," to be as follows, that is
to say :-
Our Invention refers more particularly to refrigerators for the use of
brewers or distillers, and it consists in providing a coil or series of
continuous coils of metal or other suitable double tubing, that is to say,
two tubes, one contained within the other, the inner tube being for the

page_text: purpose of containing the flow of liquor, the outer tube or jacketing
Surrounding the inner tube and containing the stream of water or
cooling medium. The water and the liquor are caused by preference to
flow in opposite directions, the water tube being connected to a reservoir
or main at the one end or junction of the coils, and the inner or liquor
tube is connected to the vat or other suitable vessel at the other end
containing the liquid requiring to be cooled. The flow of the water or
the liquor may be regulated by means of suitable regulating taps or
valves, and we propose in some cases to form in the outer tube outlet
valves with taps communicating to small cisterns in any part of a
building for slop purposes, the supply being obtained when a suitable
degree of force is exerted upon the water flowing through the outer
tube.
By the construction of refrigerators as described a great saving of the
cooling medium with more certain results are obtained, the apparatus
being also produced at a less cost than those in general use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Michael Saunders and Henry Forrest in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th July 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, a
MICHAEL SAUNDERS, of Prince's End, Tipton, in the County of Stafford,
Engineer, and HENRY FORREST, of Oldbury, in the County of Wor-
cester, Brewer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of January, in the year 2
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Michael Saunders and Henry Forrest,
Iler special license that we, the said Michael Saunders and Henry
Forrest, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 2
we, the said Michael Saunders and Henry Forrest, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein ex-
pressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel a

page_text: Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REFRI-
GERATORS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Michael
Saunders and Henry Forrest, by an instrument in writing under our
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Michael Saunders and Henry
Forrest, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, that is to say :-
Our Invention refers more particularly to refrigerators for the use of
brewers or distillers, and it consists in providing a coil or series of con-
tinuous coils of metal or other suitable double tubing, that is to say, two
tubes, one contained within the other, the inner tube being for the
purpose of containing the flow of liquor, the outer tube or jacketing
surrounding the inner tube and containing the stream of water or cooling
medium. The water and the liquor are caused by preference to flow
in opposite directions, the water tube being connected to a reservoir or
main at the one end or junction of the coils, and the inner or liquor
tube is connected to the vat or other suitable vessel at the other end,
containing the liquid requiring to be cooled. The flow of the water or
the liquor may be regulated by means of suitable regulating taps or
valves, and we propose in some cases to form in the outer tube oulet
valves with taps communicating to small cisterns in any part of a
building for slop purposes, the supply being obtained when a suitable
degree of force is exerted upon the water flowing through the outer
tube.
By the construction of refrigerators as described a great saving of the
cooling medium with more certain results are obtained, the apparatus
being also produced at a less cost than those in general use.
We will now procced to describe the nature of our Invention more
fully in detail by aid of the accompanying Drawings, and the letters.
and figures marked thereon.

page_text: Figures 1 and 2 are intended to illustrate two different ways of con-
structing our improved refrigerators, the principle of the Invention
being maintained in both arrangements; the refrigerators are shewn as
adapted more particularly for the use of brewers or distillers, though
with some trifling modifications the same arrangements would be
applicable for refrigerators for other purposes.
Referring to Figure 1, (a) represents a continuous coiled length of
metal or other suitable double tubing, that is to say, two tubes, one
contained within the other, in manner shewn in Figure 3, which illus-
trates a portion of the double tubing partly in section, the inner tube (6)
is for the purpose of containing the flow of liquor or wort, the outer tube
or jacketing (a) surrounding the inner tube (6) and containing the
stream of water or other cooling medium. The water and the liquor
or wort are caused to flow by preference through the tubes in opposite
directions to each other, as indicated by the arrows, Figure 3. The water
tube (a) is connected at (c), Figure 1, by means of a suitable union to
a junction pipe (d), to which is attached the feed pipe (e) in connection
with a reservoir or main; (e) is the regulating tap or valve. The inner
or liquor tube (6) is similarly attached by a union (f) to a junction
pipe (9), from which passes the feed tube (h) to the vat or other suitable
vessel containing the liquid to be cooled; (¹) is the regulating tap or
valve, and (4) is a union. Inside the junction pipe (g) is fitted a per-
forated strainer to prevent the passage of hops or other refuse into the
liquor tube (6).
The apparatus shewn in Figure 1 is adapted for the use of a series of
six independent coiled lengths of the double tubing placed upon each
other, one only is shewn in the Drawing for the purpose of clearness.
The unions for the attachment of (the several series of coils are repre-
sented at () for the water tube (a), and at (5) for the inner or liquor
tube (6). We propose using a single coiled length or any suitable
number or series of coils, as circumstances may require, the flow of
water and the liquor being regulated by means of suitable regulating
taps or valves, as shewn, and in some cases we form in the outer
tube (a) outlet valves with taps communicating to small cisterns
situate in any required part of a building for slop or other purposes, the
supply being obtained when a suitable degree of force or pressure is
exerted upon the water flowing through the outer tube or jacketing (a).
The outlet for discharging the cooled liquor or wort is shown at (1),

page_text: to which we attach a union for the purpose of connecting a water
tube thereto when it is requisite to cleanse the liquor tube (6). The
water is discharged at any convenient part of the outer tubo (a), such
as (m), from whence it may pass into a suitable cistern or be convoyed
to any other convenient place.
In practice we use taps and valves proportionate in size to the number
or scries of coiled lengths of the double tubing employed; the double
tubing is also of proportionate size in section and length, and generally
we prefer to use composition metal tubing for the purposes of our
Invention. The stopped ends of the outer tubes are soldered or otherwise
connected to the inner tubes.
The refrigerator represented at Figure 2 is formed of a continuous
length of the double tubing already described coiled around a drum (n)
formed of wood or other suitable material, and suspended if requisito
from a beam or otherwise by a rope or chain. The inlets and outlets of tho
water and liquor or wort are situate where noted in Figure 2, the liquids
flowing in opposite directions; thus the water from the main or by means
of a force pump traverses and ascends the outer tube or jacketing (a)
from the bottom, discharging at the top, whilst the liquor or wort
flowing in its tube downwards is discharged at the bottom.
Having thus described the object and nature of our saiḍ Invention,
and the manner in which the same may be carried into effect, we do not
propose confining ourselves to the precise arrangements described and
illustrated, as it will be obvious they may be modified without departing
from the principle of the Invention; but wo claim the improvements in
the construction of refrigerators, substantially in manner as herein more
fully set forth and specified.
•
In witness whereof, we, the said Michael Saunders and Henry
Forrest, have hereunto set our hands and scals, this First
day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-nine.