A New or Improved Machine or Apparatus for Pressing Sawdust and other Waste Wood into Blocks or Briquettes for Fuel.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 15th June, 1895-Accepted, 10th Aug., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A New or Improved Machine or Apparatus for Pressing Sawdust
and other Waste Wood into Blocks or Briquettes for Fuel.
I, RUDOLF ARNOLD Partner in the Firm of F. Arnold & Co. of Magdeburg-
Neustadt, Germany, Ironfounder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists of a new or improved machine or apparatus for pressing
sawdust, and other waste wood, into blocks, bricks or briquettes for use as fuel, and has
for its object a method and means whereby the turpentine or other resinous matter
contained in the wood particles is released, or rendered liquescent, and subsequently
used as a medium for binding the said particles together when pressed into blocks
or the like.
In order that my invention may be fully understood, reference may be made to
the accompanying sheet of drawings in which :-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the complete machine according to my invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan of same with the upper portion or gallery removed.
Figs. 3 and 4 are sectional plan views of the compression chamber at two
different stages of the operation of the machine.
Fig. 5 is a back end view of the said compression chamber, while Fig. 6 is a
cross section of same.
Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the feeding gallery hereinafter
explained.
For the purposes of my invention, I construct of angle iron or other
suitable material a frame or staging A, upon one end of which, is mounted in
suitable bearings B and B¹, a transverse shaft C, provided with a pair of
pulleys D, by which the same may be rotated by any suitable or available
power. The shaft C also carries a pair of pinions E and E¹ and a fly wheel F.
The frame A also carries in suitable bearings G and G and H and H', a transverse
shaft J, and crank shaft K respectively, upon the ends of the former of which, is
mounted a pair of toothed wheels L L³, which gear with and receive motion from
the pinions E and E'. The shaft J also carries a pair of pinions M and M¹ which
gear with and impart motion to a pair of toothed or spur wheels N and N',
mounted upon the crank shaft K.
The compression chamber O is bolted or otherwise fixed to the frame A, and
is preferably rectangular in cross section, and is produced from wrought or cast
iron or steel, and has fixed or removable upper and lower plates a and b (shewn
more graphically in Fig. 6), and any number of side webs c and d for strengthening
the same.
The chamber O has an inner chamber P the shape and size of which
governs the shape and size of the blocks to be compressed. One end of the
chamber O is enclosed by a plate R. in which is formed an opening S, corresponding
with the cross sectional area of the inner chamber P. The opposite end of O is
closed by a similar but preferably stouter plate T, in which an opening is formed
for the passage of the rod e of a plunger f, the opposite end of è being connected
to the crank head of the shaft K.
current of
The space between the chambers O and P, is for the reception of a
steam or hot or cold air, or gas, as occasion may require, during the operation of
the machine, which is led thereunto, by suitable tubing g, at the back end or other
convenient part and exhaust at h (Fig. 1).

page_text: The sawdust, or other waste wood is fed into the, chamber P through an
opening i̟, in the upper surface of same (Fig. 2), and various means may be
employed in which the said feeding may be effected, but in order that this may
be automatic, and in predetermined quantities I prefer to provide a trough like
staging V, mounted upon pillars, k, borne, by the frame A, in one end of the bottom
of which an opening is formed, and hencath this is fixed a chute leading to the
opening j. The sides of the trough V. bear a pair of rollers or spindles m and m',
which carry an endless chain or band n, from which projects any number of
metallic or other blades o, the depth or height, of which are such, that these make
easy frictional contact with the bottom of V during the travel of the chain or
band o.
The spindle or roller m' carries a pulley W, connected by a band with,
and receives motion from, the shaft J: The manner of operation is as follows.
Motion being imparted to the pulleys D, the sawdust or other waste particles of
wood, would be shot into a chute.or.hopper-X, which. would deposit the same on
to the blades o travelling in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 7; and, would be by
them carried along the trough V, and deposited through,, the chute and the
aperture into the chamber. P, and the gearing would be so. adjusted, that one of
such deposits (which in, quantity would be that contained between any two of the
blades o) would occur at the moment of the finish of the outstroke of the
plunger as at Fig. 3, the return, stroke of, which would compress, the loose
material p into blocks or bricks r.
At the start, or initial operation, of, the machine the first deposit of material A, in
the chamber P, would be only partly.compressed, owing to the absence of resistence
thereto at the opposite end of. P, but by,, reason, of, the heat imparted.. to the
chamber P, by, the, steam or the, like. passing, around the, same, as previously
described, the turpentine, or other resinous substance, in the. material A would be
released and partly liquefied, and the, glutinous, properties,, of, this, would, set up
friction with the chamber P, and so create resistance..
It will thus be understood that each successive block would be, subjected to
greater compression than the one preceding, it, until the machine, had reached its
maximum condition of working, when the row of already compressed blocks in the
chamber P, would, offer, such resistance that one, highly compressed, block would
issue through the aperture S at each stroke of the plunger, and such blocks as
were left in the chamber P, at the cessation of the working of the machine would
serye, to, form sufficient resistance, to constitute perfect working, when next the
machine was started..
:
I may find it, convenient to continue the pipe, or tube h,so.that this may extend
into the trough, V so as to impart beat to the material p therein, if, this be poor of
resinous, properties, or when, this, is rich, or highly charged with resinous, properties,
I may find, it convenient. to pass cold air through the space between O and P, in
order to reduce the friction between, the blocks and the chamber P.,
Having now, particularly described and, ascertained the nature of my, said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that, what I
claim is
1st. In an improved machine, for compressing, sawdust and other, waste. wood
into blocks, bricks, er briquettes, for use as, fuel, the, combination of a frame A,
carrying suitable, multiplying, gearing, operating a crank, shaft K, rod e, and
plunger, the latter moving in a chamber P, surrounded by a chamber having
an, inlet aperture j, and outlet aperture S, with means for passing a current
of, steam, or hot, or cold air, between O and P, substantially as described and
shewn.
2nd. In combination with the apparatus set forth in the preceding claim,
the employment of a trough V, carrying a travelling chain or band n, with
blades, o, operated by a pulley W, actuated by and from the shaft J, substantially
as and for the purposes herein described and shewn.
3rd. In an improved machine for compressing sawdust or other waste wood, into

page_text: blocks, bricks, or briquettes, for use as fuel, the construction and use of the herein
described apparatus and the several parts constituting the same, and with which
any convenient means may be employed for feeding the said waste material, into
the compression chamber, the whole connected, combined, and operated, substantially
as herein set forth, and shewn by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 15th day of June 1895.
GEO. THOS. HYDE,
1 Broad Street Buildings, Liverpool Street, London, E.C.,
Agent for Applicant.