matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN WHIPPLE TREES
Year: 1885

page_text: We, JAMES EDWARD RANSOME, Engineer and JAMES BARKER, Ploughman, both
of the Orwell Works Ipswich in the County of Suffolk do hereby declare the
nature of our invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WHIPPLE TREES" to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object improvements in whipple trees.
;
We make whipple trees of metal tubes tapering in two directions.outwardly
from the centre. The tubes are trussed to resist the direct tractile strain.
We also make metal trussed whipple trees with adjustable attachments by which
the leverage may be varied and unequal drafts balanced.
'i
The ends of the metal whipple trees are perforated with a series of holes and
they receive sliders having rings or attachments for the draft hoops. The sliders
also are perforated-The perforation extends through the two sides of the slider
and it receives a pin. The pin passes through one of the sides of the slider
through the selected hole in the whipple tree and projecting through the latter it
screws into the hole in the slides on the further side..
The pin is easily removed and the slider shifted and again fixed by replacing
the pin.
فا

page_text: The improvement consists in providing adjustable attachments by which the
leverage may be varied and unequal drafts balanced, and the horses set. wider
when required to suit the work. It is shown applied to the whipple tree A
Solid ends d are formed on the whippletree perforated with a series of holes, these
ends receive sliders e, having rings or attachments f for the draft hooks g. The
sliders are also perforated, the perforation extending through the two sides of the
slider; a pin h passes through one of the sides of the slider, through the selected
hole in the whippletree and projecting through the latter it screws into the hole
in the slider on the further side preferably the under side. The pin h is easily
removed and the slider shifted and again fixed by replacing the same. Ordinary
pins may be used instead of screw pins if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is-
(1.) A whipple tree consisting of a metal tube a tapering in two directions
outwardly from the centre, the tie or truss rod b and the connecting fork piece.C
substantially as described.
(2.) A metal trussed whipple tree with solid ends d perforated with holes and
receiving sliders e with rings or attachments f secured in selected positions by pins h
substantially as described.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN ROAD PAVING
Year: 1885

page_text: "
I, WILLIAM JAMESON of 60 Cambridge Street, Hyde Park Square in the County
of Middlesex, Surgeon Dentist do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
AN IMPROVEMENT IN ROAD PAVING" to be as follows:-
My invention relates to paving for roads so formed that while the bearing surface
is mostly wood, there are interposed between the rows of wood blocks lines of
harder material which while they bind the blocks of each row together, serve also
to prevent slipping. For this purpose, between the rows of blocks I place strips of
corrugated iron having their corrugations vertical and of such depth as to extend
down to the bedding on which the blocks rest, and I fill in the hollows presented
by the corrugations with asphalte compound or with cement or concrete. As the
wood blocks wear, the iron with the filling of its corrugations stands a little above
the general surface as a slight ridge preventing slipping.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: :
I, WILLIAM JAMESON of 60 Cambridge Street, Hyde Park Square in the County
of Middlesex, Surgeon Dentist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to paving for roads so formed that while the bearing surface
is mostly wood, there are interposed between the rows of wood blocks lines of
harder material which while they bind the blocks of each row together, serve also
to prevent slipping. For this purpose, between the rows of blocks I place strips of
corrugated iron having their corrugations vertical and of such depth as to extend
down to the bedding on which the blocks rest, and I fill in the hollows presented
by the corrugations with asphalte compound or with cement or concrete."
wood blocks wear, the iron with the filling of its corrugations stands a little above
the general surface as a slight ridge preventing slipping.
As the
Instead of laying the wooden blocks separately, a row of them may be cemented
into a trough formed by bending the corrugated iron across the corrugations in
☐ form, and lengths of blocks thus joined together in their troughs may be laid
down side by side, the corrugated iron between the rows being thus doubled.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
A road paving consisting of wood blocks laid in rows between which are
interposed strips of corrugated iron having their corrugations vertical and filled in
with cementing or concrete material.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
2
Cocoa, Coffee, and similar Substances for Beverages.
Year: 1885

page_text: Cocoa, Coffee, and similar Substances for Beverages.
I WILLIAM LUCOCк of N° 10 Moor Lane Rowley Regis near Dudley in the
County of Stafford Clerk do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND MEDICATION OF CHOCOLATE, COCOA,
COFFEE AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES FOR BEVERAGES" and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This Invention relates mainly to the preparation of Chocolate, Cocoa, Coffee and
similar substances used for making breakfast and other drinks or beverages and
consists in adding to such Chocolate Cocoa Coffee or similar substances an
admixture of a nature to render the beverages made therefrom more healthful
and beneficial and more adapted to meet varied requirements.
A compound for use as above prepared in accordance with this invention consists
of some approved Chocolate, Cocoa Coffee or similar substances as a base, to which
I add an approved proportion of Cinnamon, nutmeg and carraway or other similar
or equivalent spices, or say in the proportion of two drachms each, and of such
spices as Cloves and mace one drachm each to the pound avordupois of the
said Chocolate, Cocoa Coffee or other similar substances. Further I add a small
quantity of essence of cayenne or other pepper by preference about two drachms
to the pound avoidupois. These ingredients are prepired and thoroughly admixed
with the said Chocolate, Cocoa, Coffee; or other similar substances by means of
suitable machinery.
By the above means I can produce a beverage for breakfast and general or
medical use of greater dietetic value than hitherto :-
Although I have specified above the proportions by weight of the admixture or
admixtures of spices or essences to that of the beverage which I prefer to adopt
and find beneficial, I wish it to be understood that I do not bind myself to any
such exact proportions, nor to the use of the whole of the substances mentioned
in the preparation of such admixture or admixtures Other similar or equivalent
substances to those specified may also be used for admixture with beverages as
above described.

page_text: Having now particularly described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
1. The addition to Chocolate, Cocoa, Coffee, and other similar substances for
making breakfast or general beverages, of an admixture of cinnamon, nutmeg
Cloves or other spices, with or without the addition of the essence of Cayenne or
other peppers, substantially in the manner and for the purposes above described.
nated this 20th dex of August 1885
MILLWARD & THOMAS,
13, Lincoln's Inn, Birmingham,
Agents for the Applicant.
Year: 1885

page_text: Dated this 12th day of March 1885.
WILLIAM FLETCHER.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lenses for Lamps and Lanterns.
WILLIAM FLETCHER Ironmonger 30 Biggin St. Dover Kent. I William Fletcher
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN LENSES FOR
LAMPS & LANTERNS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My Improvements in Lenses for Lamps & Lanterns consist in cutting or
moulding in lenses a number of V shaped grooves for the purpose of concentrating
the light & preventing diffusion of the same at sides.
In order to enable my invention to be clearly understood I will proceed to
describe the same by reference to the drawings sent in with my Provisional
specification in which said drawings Fig. 1 is a plan of a circular lense constructed
according to my said invention & Fig. 2. a section of the same.
I do not
The said views show the V shaped grooves cut or moulded in same.
confine myself to any number of V shaped grooves cut or moulded in the lenses
nor the shape of the said lenses, as my improvements are applicable to elliptical
circular or square or other shaped lenses.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The manufacture & use of the said improved lenses for lamps & lanterns herein-
before described & shown by the said drawings.
Dated this Wifth day of December 1885
WILLIAM FLETCHER.
Year: 1885

page_text: We, JOHN HENRY TOPHAM, of Mount Pleasant, Blackley Manchester, Consulting
Engineer and WILLIAM HENRY BRASSINGTON of 27 Heywood St, Moss Side,
Manchester, Manufacturer, both in the County of Lancaster do hereby declare the
nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
It consists in suspending the body of any carriage to which it is applied, by
means of two or more spiral springs from a suitable frame to which the wheels
are attached.
These spiral springs are attached to the body of the carriage in any suitable
way, and from any part of the body, the invention consisting in suspending the
body by spiral springs, instead of placing it upon springs as the usual method is,
the suspension preventing the jar which attends upon all other methods of attaching
springs and the spiral springs supplying the requisite elasticity.
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
Agent to Applicants.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carriage Springs.
We, JOHN HENRY TOPHAM of Mount Pleasant, Blackley, Manchester in the
County of Lancaster, Patent Agent, and WILLIAM HENRY BRASSINGTON of 27 Hey-
wood Street, Moss Side, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Bassinette,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this' Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
It consists in suspending the body of any carriage to which it is applied, by
means of two or more spiral springs, from a suitable frame to which the wheels
are attached.
The spiral springs are attached to the body of the carriage in any suitable way,
and from any part of the body, the invention consisting in suspending the body
by spiral springs instead of placing it upon springs as the usual method is.
The suspension preventing the jar which attends upon all other methods of
applying springs and the spiral springs supplying the requisite elasticity.
In order that the foregoing may be better understood, we send herewith a sheet
of Drawings in which:-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an ordinary child's carriage or bassinette fitted
with springs according to our invention, a indicating the spiral springs suspending
b the body of the carriage from the frame c.
The springs may be open as shown or encased in telescopic tubular cases.
invention is applicable to any kind of carriage.
The
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
1st. The application of two or more spiral springs to suspend the body of a
carriage from a suitable frame, substantially as described and shown herein before
and in the accompanying drawing.
That the orth d
1004
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
Agent to Applicants.
IMPROVEMENT IN SKEWERS (OR CREEL PEGS
Year: 1885

page_text: Substances.
ALFRED WOOD Engineer N° 111 Long Street Middleton near Manchester in
the County of Lancaster do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENT IN SKEWERS (OR CREEL PEGS) and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
They are chiefly made from Lancewood, Beech, Ash, and other tough Woods and
may be made from other materiels-They are all liable to and many are broken off
at the top during the operation of Creeling and in the replacing of the bobbins
which are used on them when at work in the Machines.
The bottom end of the Skewer by usage and damage becomes blunted so much as
to retard the rotation of the Skewer causing drag and the Yarn to be irregular.
The Collars on which the bobbin rests are frequently broken off thus rendering
the Skewer useless for work.
To remedy these defects I propose to form the tops or heads of new Skewers (or
Creel pegs) and also to replace the tops of broken ones with solid or tubular Wrot
Iron, Malleable cast Iron, or other Metals or tough Wood, Such tops may be made
plain, screwed, flanged, and inserted into or fixed on the Skewer (or Creel peg) and
secured by a plain hoop or ring or flanged hoop closed over the end of same.
The bottom end or foot, when requisite I purpose removing and replacing the
said end of it with one made of Wood or other suitable materiels seperately or
conjointly and the insertion of a washer see drawing.
To further resist wear and damage I insert into the outer end of such renewal
a metal wire or other substitute making the ends level see drawing by these means
the requisite friction or drag is obtained and a more regular Yarn produced than by
the method now in general use.

page_text: In order that my Invention may be better understood I have attached a sheet of
Drawings.
A Skewer full size as now made of Wood.
B
C
D
E
F
Section plain metal top screwed at one end."
secured by flanged hoop a.
Do
Plan
Do
Do
Do
Do
Section metal top secured by a plain hoop b.
(b.
Plan combined metal top, Head of Brass, Shank of Iron.
G Section metal hood top screwed on.
H Plan Skewer prepared for renewal end.
I
Do. Renewed end fixed.
J
Do. Elongated renewed end fixed.
K.L Do. Renewed end with Wire insertion c.
M Do. Renewed end fixed with Washer d and wire insertion c.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. I claim the fastening of the tops of Skewers (or creel pegs) by metal hoop,
hood, or ring, seperately or conjointly substantially as described and shown in the
drawings.
2. The putting of Wood collars and Metal Washers seperately or conjointly at
the foot of such new or old Skewers (or Creel pegs) substantially as described and
shown in the drawings, and insertion of Wire in same sec drawing c.
Dated this 14th day of February 1885.
ALFRED WOOD,
Engincer,
No. 111, Long Street, Middleton,
nr. Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster.
Inlaying Glass in Gold and Silver and other Metals.
Year: 1885

page_text: Inlaying Glass in Gold and Silver and other Metals.
I CHARLES NORTON 24 Parkfield street Islington Whip and Stick Mounter do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for INLAYING GLASS IN GOLD AND
SILVER AND OTHER METALS to be as follows:-
Holes are made in metal articles devices of glass are made to fit and secured
and ground down and polished level to represent ornamental Enamel.

page_text: Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this
specification wherein figure 1 is an elevation and figure 2 a longitudinal section <f
a metal whip handle inlaid with glass in the form of strips.
Figure 3 is a cross section of the same (on line 1-1 figure 1) drawn to a larger
scale. The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.
The pieces of glass a whether in the form of strips or of other shape are inserted
in slots or apertures of corresponding shape cut or formed in the metal or
foundation d in which they are held either by cement b filled in between them and
a corrugated or grooved metal lining or backing c, (which is inserted in the handle
and secured therein with the grooves beneath the slots) after which the glass strips
&c are if necessary ground down flush with the surface of the metal and the whole
then polished.
Instead of fixing the glass with cement it may (when it is. not required to be
ground down after being fixed) be secured by burring down the metal so as to
cause the latter to slightly overlap the edges of the glass after which it is polished
as before.
Besides the saving of expense my invention possesses the advantage over ordinary
enamelled metal work that no heat is necessary in the operation of inlaying.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The manufacture of imitation enamelled metal work by fixing strips or
other pieces of glass in the manner described in slots or holes formed in the inetal
and if necessary grinding and polishing substantially as specified.
2nd In the manufacture of inlaid metallic articles such as whip and umbrella
handles, &c, the combination of the metal foundation d, the glass strips a, and the
grooved or corrugated lining c, substantially as specified.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES
Year: 1885

page_text: We JONATHAN INGHAM, JONAS INGHAM and HENRY INGHAM all of the firm of
Messieurs John Ingham and Sons Thornton near Bradford in the county of York,
Shuttle Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES," to be as follows.:-
>
The object of our invention is to prevent breakage of the shuttle and so increasing
its durability.
The body of the shuttle is as ordinary, the shuttle peg is placed in the recess the
recess in the shuttle, the opposite way up, the shuttle spring and peg being placed
in from the top, instead of from the bottom of the shuttle peg, by this means a good
substance of wood is left under the shuttle peg, and whatever strain is put upon
the peg, in putting on the spool, it is not possible to break or damage the shuttle,
the peg when closed resting on a pin, flush with the wood work of the shuttle.
i
JOHN E. WALSH,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: JONATHAN INGHAM, JONAS INGHAM and HENRY INGHAM, all of the firm of
Messieurs John Ingham and Sons of Thornton, near Bradford, in the West Riding
of the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of our invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has relation to certain new and useful improvements in shuttles
for weaving whereby a more durable article is obtained as there is less liability to
fracture at a particular part of the shuttle as will be hereinafter described.
Figure 1. in the accompanying drawings represents a section of a shuttle of the
ordinary type, and in which the recess for the reception of the peg A, and the
spring B connected with it, is cut from the bottom of the shuttle.
Figure 2 represents a section of a shuttle with our improvement. The body of
the shuttle is of the ordinary form, but the recess for the reception of the peg A.
and spring B. is cut from the upper side of the shuttle instead of from the under
side, and the peg is placed in the shuttle from the upper side. Various forms of
spring may be used, secured in position under, or behind the shuttle peg: by this
arrangement a good substance of wood is left under the shuttle peg, and whatever
strain is put upon the peg in putting in or taking out the spool it is not possible
to damage the shuttle. The peg when closed rests upon a pin flush with the
woodwork of the shuttle.
Figure 3 represents the front elevation of a shuttle of the ordinary type, and
at A the fracture which is liable to occur when the recess is cut from the bottom,
and which will not occur in our improved shuttle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1st The particular mode of placing the shuttle peg in a recess cut from the top
of the shuttle instead of from the bottom, as hereinbefore described, and
2nd The particular mode of so cutting the recess from the top instead of from
the bottom of the shuttle.
L
1
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR APPLIANCES FOR CUTTING HAIR, WOOL, OR OTHER SUBSTANCE
Year: 1885

page_text: WOOL, OF BUS
We, WILLIAM BOWN of 308 Summer Lane Birmingham in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, and GEORGE CAPEWELL of 17 Victoria Place, Potters
Lane, Aston, near. Birmingham aforesaid, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature
of our said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR APPLIANCES FOR
CUTTING HAIR, WOOL, OR OTHER SUBSTANCE," to be as follows:-
Our invention has for its object the reduction of the friction in the moving of
the cutting plate or plates, when the clipper or machine is in use, and consists in
the use of Balls or Kollers in connection or combination with an oscillating bar or
bars or travelling bearings, the said balls or rollers being so placed as not to touch
the top or cutting plate of the clipper. By our improvement the Machine is
worked much easier and will be more durable from the friction on the wearing
parts being greatly reduced.
G. F. REDFERN,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Having now described our invention and the manner of giving effect to the same
we wish it understood we do not purpose confining ourselves to the exact details
herein described as the same may be varied without departing from the spirit of
our invention, but what we claim and wish protected by Letters Patent is
The construction of machines or appliances for cutting hair wool or other
substances, by the use of balls or rollers in combination with an oscillating bar or
bars or travelling bearings substantially as herein described and exhibited.
n
11
Improvements in Laxative Compounds.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in Laxative Compounds.
I ALFRED GEORGE BROOKES of the firm of Wm Brookes & Son of 55 & 56 Chan-
cery Lane in the County of Middlesex Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
=
This invention consists in a laxative compound, or preparation, composed of
lactic acid and magnesia, in which the acid is in excess of the magnesia, the pro-
portion of acid employed being from four to eight times the amount that is required
to form a neutral lactate of magnesia. In making this preparation, I have used
the following formula with good results :-
Take one ounce of lactic acid (full strength) sixty grains of carbonated magnesia,
and seven ounces of water.
This constitutes a liquid lactate of magnesia, of which an ordinary dose is one
teaspoonful.
I find that the combination of lactic acid with magnesia greatly increases the
potency of the latter, without making its effects unpleasant, and without imparting
the bitter and disagreeable taste of the compounds of magnesia heretofore used,
thus furnishing an agreeable laxative.
For convenience, I may evaporate the compound, so as to convert it into a dry
powder.

page_text: Improvements in Laxative Compounds.
I ALFRED GEORGE BROOKES of the firm of Wm Brookes & Son of 55 & 56 Chan-
cery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents
do hereby declare the nature of this invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN LAXATIVE
COMPOUNDS (a communication from abroad by Thomas Shepard Nowell of Boston
in the County of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, one of the United States of
America, Manufacturer), and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention consists in a laxative compound, or preparation, composed of
lactic acid and magnesia, in which the acid is in excess of the magnesia, the pro-
portion of acid employed being from four to eight times the amount that is required
to form a neutral lactate of magnesia. In making this preparation, I have used
the following formula with good results:
Take one ounce of lactic acid (full strength) sixty grains of carbonated' magnesia,
and seven ounces of water. This constitutes a liquid lactate of magnesia, of which
an ordinary dose is one teaspoonful.
I find that the combination of lactic acid with, magnesia greatly increases the
potency of the latter, without making its effects unpleasant, and without imparting
the bitter and disagreeable taste of the compounds of magnesia heretofore used,
thus furnishing an agreeable laxative.
For convenience, I may evaporate the compound, so as to convert it into a dry
powder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
A laxative compound, consisting of a mixture of one ounce of lactic acid, sixty
grains of magnesia, and seven ounces of water.
1000
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRYRES OF WHEELS FOR VOLOCIPEDES AND OTHER ROAD CARRIAGES
Year: 1885

page_text: ARTHER MATTHEW MARKHAM of N° 345 Edgware Road London Volocipede
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN TRYRES OF WHEELS FOR VOLOCIPEDES AND OTHER ROAD CARRIAGES to be as
follows:-
To produce a material for tyres of Wheels for Volocipedes and other Road
Carriages by an admixture of india rubber and emery in various proportions which
has the following advantages, that it is sufficiently elastic to minimise the vibration
caused by the uneven surface of the road, that it will be more durable as it resists
the action of the friction of grit and uneven surfices, and a still more important
property in this composition is that it is none slipping on greasey and dusty roads
thereby insuring greater safety to those using this material for tyres when running
at a high rate of speed at the turns and deviations from the straight this being of
vital importance in Volocipedes in consequence of the narrow gage of this class
of carriages.
For ARTHER MATTHEW MARKHAM,
Charles Levi, Agent.

page_text: Road Carriages.
ARTHUR MATTHEW MARKHAM Volocipede Manufacturer N° 345 Edgware Road
London in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this my Invention is to produce a material for Tyres of Volocipedes
and other Road Carriages which formes by an amalgamation of two simple sub-
stances an elastic material which has the following advantages over india rubber
as generally used for the purpose of tyres of Volocipedes and other Road Carriages
up to this date,
1et It wears much better as it resists the action of the friction of the road.
2nd It is none slipping on greasy and dusty roads thereby insuring greater safety
to the riders of Volocipedes when running at a high rate of speed when deviating
from the straight.
The composition consists of india rubber and emery in various proportions as
required for various purposes.
What I claim as my Invention is
An elastic tyre that is none slipping and more durable than the elastic tyres made
either from pure india rubber or india rubber mixed or vulcanized with sulphor.
Dated this 29th day of April 1886.
ARTHUR MATTHEW MARKHAM.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PEN-HOLDERS AND THE LIKE
Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, Fel Inst PA of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, and
323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineel, do hereby declare
the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PEN-HOLDERS AND THE
LIKE (A communication from abroad by Johann Trebentscheck of Donawitz,
in the Empue of Austria, Teacher) and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
"
statement
-
The invention described hereafter relates to the application of an ejector to pen-
holders, in order to effect the removal of dried-in rusted or broken-off pens For
this purpose the ejector 18 made in the shape represented in Fig 1 The ejector b
made of steel wire is introduced into the hollow handle a of the pen-holder and is
provided with a head c, which moves in the mouth-piece d The pen is inserted
between the mouth-piece d of the pen-holder a and elastic piece e on the head c of
the ejector, and thus acquires a firm hold Instead of the mouth-piece d a tin or
steel tube or casing can be used
When the pen has to be removed from the pen-holder the ejector is pushed into
the latter, and the edge f of the head c will eject even a broken and much rusted
pen with ease without soiling the fingers in the least with ink or without injuring
them with the sharp edges of the pen The pen-holder represented in the
Drawing (fig 2) is made entirely of wood or horn The movement is limited
likewise in this case by the conical surface on the one side and by the little
knob g on the other
A modified form of ejector is shewn at 6 in fig 3 This does not reach the whole
length of the pen-holder but terminates in slit h in the side Fig 4 shows a
universal pen-holder, in which the ejector can be pushed back so far to permit of a
lead pencil being inserted in the mouth-piece d of the holder, which latter consists
in this case of a tin tube When the universal holder has to be used as a pen-
holder, the pen is inserted between the elastic piece e and the mouth-piece d, but
when required as a pencil-holder the ejector need only be pushed back sufficiently
and the pencil inserted in the tube a

page_text: In the pen-holder represented in Fig 4 there is besides a pen-receptacle h, in
which a fresh pen can be kept in reserve Fig 5 shows the same arrangement
represented in fig 4 with the only difference that in this case a short tube a is
used The pen-holders shown in the figs 1-5 can easily be utilised as pencil-
holders, if the ejector b with the head c and rim e can be pushed back so far that a
pencil can be inserted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention as communicated to me and in what manner the same is to be performed,
I declare that what I claim 18
In pen-holders of all kinds the application of an ejector b, which is made to slide
in the holder a backwards and forwards, for the purpose of removing by it pens
that have been broken off, got rusty or jammed in
WP THOMPSON & Co,
Agents for the Applicant
AN IMPROVEMENT IN A FABRIC PRODUCED ON TWIST OR LEVER'S LACE MACHINES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, HENRY HITCHIN, of the firm of H. Hitchin and Company of 7° Player's
Factory, Radford, Nottingham, Nottinghamshiro, Lace Manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN A FABRIC
PRODUCED ON TWIST OR LEVER'S LACE MACHINES," and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to a kind of fabric known as "muslin" which can be
produced by a twist or Lever's lace machine and it has for its object the production
of a "muslin" body somewhat resembling canvas having facing or fancy threads
plain or in one or more colours so worked as to form on its face or one side of it
an ornamental or embroidered effect, somewhat similar to the effect hitherto only
produced by using a separate embroidering machine and working a design upon a
band of tape canvas or piece of other closely woven fabric.
"
Hitherto the fabric known as "muslin" has been principally employed to form a
back" that is a narrow edging having small "spots" upon it. This "back" is so
worked on the lace machine as to form a narrow edging along one edge of a lace
fabric. Now this Invention aims at the production of a breadth or of more or
less wider widths of this "muslin " or closely woven fabric having so worked upon
its face or one side of it plain or suitably colored "spot" threads that the piece or
width will have an ornamental or embroidered appearance.
"
In carrying out my Invention the lace machine is arranged along its whole
length with a sufficient number of warp threads to produce any required widths
of this "muslin or closely woven body instead of merely producing narrow
edging and lace. The threads for forming the body are carried on a set of warp
beams at the back or front of the machine. The fancy, plain or colored threads
for forming the pattern or embroidered effect on the muslin, are also carried on
beams and they are also placed at the back or front of the machine. The fancy
threads are arranged to be worked by the jacquard apparatus to produce any
required pattern or embroidered effect by appearing only on one or the right side
of the piece or each width of the "muslin" being formed on the machine. By this
Price 2d71

page_text: improved arrangement of the threads an entirely novel and ornamental fabric is
produced and the necessity for the use of a separate embroidering or stitching
machine is obviated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The production on a twist or Levers lace machine of pieces or widths of
'muslin" having plain or colored fancy threads worked upon its face so as to
resemble embroidered work substantially as herein before described.
AN IMPROVED MANTEL-PIECE, CHIMNEY PIECE AND OVERMANTEL
Year: 1885

page_text: We, WILLIAM HENRY BARKER and GEORGE BARKER of King Street, Fenton in
the County of Stafford, Tool Makers, do hereby declare the nature of our invention
for AN IMPROVED MANTEL-PIECE, CHIMNEY PIECE AND OVERMANTEL, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
Metal Mantel-pieces are at present formed of "Cast" Iron, which is not only
heavy, cumbersome and costly, but being brittle is also easily broken.
In my improved Mantel-pieces and Overmantels, I employ rolled sheets or strips of
Iron, Steel, Copper, Brass, Zinc, Lead, Tin or other metal or alloy or combination
of Metals, or when preferred bronzed, oxydised, galvanized or Electro plated Metal
of this kind or in some other way artistically treated.
Instead therefore of casting the Mantel-piece in the ordinary way, I press it or
force it to the pattern required by means of rollers or presses or stamps, working
under mechanical or hydraulic force.
I also employ spinning, chasing or embossing or other modes of ornamentation
when preferred.
I construct my Mantel-pieces and Overmantels of a number of pieces or sections,
so contrived as to form a complete whole. when fitted together.
I am thus able to insert panels, medallions or enrichments of polished marble or
carved wood or of silvered or gilt metal, and to introduce various metals into one
Mantel-piece, or combine them with glazed tiles, mirrors, or any other effective
decorative substances, thus obtaining great variety of design with richness of effect
at moderate cost.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1-Shows a Mantel-piece constructed of my rolled or wrought metal with
panels of tiles, wood or marble.
Figure 2 Shows a Mantel-piece with Overmantel similarly constructed.
Numbers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. denote separate sections or parts fitted together
when fixed.
The letters A. A are vacant spaces for panels of marble or fancy tiles or other
ornamental material.
B. B. are vacant spaces for medallions or enrichments.
C. C. are vacant spaces for mirrors tiles or other decorative substances.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
.
1. The construction of metal Mantel-pieces and Over-mantels formed of wrought
or rolled sheet metal, instead of cast metal as now employed.
2. The employment of such metal Mantel-pieces and Overmantels in combina-
tion with panels trusses or enrichments of tiles, wood, stone, glass, marble or other
material.
3. The construction of such wrought metal Mantel-pieces and Over-mantels in
sections or pieces, so as to be more conveniently handled, packed for transit and
more easily fixed.
DRIVING MARINE SCREW PROPELLERS BY HAND POWER
Year: 1885

page_text: I, GUILLEBAUD FRANCIS LEA DAVIS Clerk in Holy Orders, of Caversham Rise
Caversham Oxon, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for DRIVING
MARINE SCREW PROPELLERS BY HAND POWER and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by, the
following statement:―
A toothed Driving Wheel revolving parallel to the Boat's direction is fixed in a
suitable position in the boat and turned by means of a handle (or handles) or by
a crank (or eccentric) or by a handle (or handles) and a crank (or eccentric) com-
bined as described below.
Motion is transmitted from the Driving Wheel to the screw propeller in the
following manners viz.
"
1.. The Driving Wheel is in gear with an "Endless Screw on the shaft of the
Propeller-or
2. The Driving Wheel is in (Crown or Bevel) gear with a smaller wheel, and a
cog or pinion on the shaft of this smaller wheel is in gear with a cog or pinion on
the shaft of the Propeller, either directly, or by means of an intermediate cog or
cogs or of a chain.
When a crank (or eccentric) is used for turning the Driving Wheel the shaft of
the said crank (or eccentric) is driven by means of a lever (or levers) placed at
suitable intervals, and vibrating from a pivot (or pivots) as the fulcrum (or
fulcrums) in the bottom of the Boat.
The Driving Wheel and lever (or levers) are driven by men seated on cross-
benches and the Driving Wheel and lever (or levers) could each be manned by as
many pairs of drivers facing one another as the width of the Boat would admit.
The drivers would of course all work in time together and thus great power
would be brought to bear for propelling the Boat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The use of a Driving Wheel revolving parallel to the direction of the Boat in
the manner and for the purpose above described is novel,

page_text: 2. The use of a Crank (or eccentric) for turning the Driving Wheel in the
manner and for the purpose above described is novel.
"
3. The use of an "Endless Screw in the manner and for the purpose above
described is novel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AND OTHER LAMPS, LANTERNS, OR CARRIAGE MOONS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILLIAM TUCKER WEBBER of Bombay Buildings 15 Bishop Street South
Birmingham in the County of Warwick Lamp Manufacturer do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AND OTHER LAMPS,
LANTERNS, OR CARRIAGE MOONS to be as follows:-
Painting on, enamelling or in medallion by solid or transparent colors, or by
means of acids with the use of gold or silver leaf or their substitutes, on the
glasses used in the manufacture of Carriage and other Lamps, Lanterns or
Carriage Moons.

page_text: Lanterns, and Carriage Moons.
WILLIAM TUCKER WEBBER of Bombay Buildings 15 Bishop Street South
Birmingham in the County of Warwick Lamp Manufacturer do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AND BICYCLE AND
TRICYCLE LAMPS LANTERNS AND CARRIAGE MOONS and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
Painting or enamelling or in medallion by solid or transparent colours or by
means of acids with the use of gold or silver leaf, and other substitutes upon
glasses used in the manufacturing of Carriage and Bicycle and Tricycle Lamps
Lanterns or Carriage Moons to any design suitable to my requirements, the glasses
of which are decorated by means of painting enamelling and medallion flowers
birds devices and other designs either on the plain surface cut or engraved either
by acids or engraving by the use of sand, rotten stone, emery or by the ordinary
means used for engraving on the inner or outer sides of the glasses used in the
said Lamps Lanterns and Carriage Moons the colours being specially prepared and
of all shades and tints and ground in linseed oil copal varnish spirits varnish
spirits or turps and boiled linseed oil added in proportion to the tint or colour
required and by means of acids with the use of gold or silver leaf or their sub-
stitutes such as Dutch metal bronze powder and etc, to be burnt in a kiln or
increasing heat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. The decorations on the glasses of Carriage and Bicycle and Tricycle
Lamps Lanterns or Carriage Moons.
Dated this 3rd day of Tahunan 1000
Year: 1885

page_text: I JOHN BERGER SPENCE of 31 Lombard Street in the City of London, Merchant
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
--
The object of this invention is to produce sulphide of zinc in a simple and
economical manner.
In carrying out my invention, I take a suitable vessel, preferably of iron, which
I fill with a strong solution of caustic alkali, say soda or potash, and into the
solution I introduce metallic zinc.-The zinc may be in the form of plates, which
will be suspended in the solution.-I then couple or short circuit the metallic zinc,
and the iron or other metal vessel, together, in any convenient manner, which will
produce galvanic action, and cause the rapid dissolution of the zinc, or plates of
iron or other metal may be used instead of an iron or other metal vessel.-By this
means I obtain a solution of zincate of soda or potash, as the case may be, and to
this solution I add sulphide of sodium or potassium, which will cause the zinc in
solution to precipitate in the form of sulphide of zinc. The solution of caustic
soda or potash is then decanted from the precipitate, and can be used again for
dissolving another lot of zinc to repeat the operation.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in the Manufacture of Sulphide of Zinc.
JOHN BERGER SPENCE, of 31 Lombard Street, in the City of London, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF SULPHIDE OF ZINC," and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The object of this invention is to produce sulphide of zinc in a simple and i
economical manner.
In carrying out my invention, I take a suitable vessel, preferably of iron, and,
fill the same with a strong solution of caustic alkali, say soda or potash.-Into the
solution I introduce metallic zinc, preferably in the form of plates, which I suspend
in the solution.
1
In order to obtain an electric current, I couple or short circuit the metallic zine
and the iron or other metal vessel together in any convenient manner; this will
produce galvanic action, and cause the rapid dissolution of the zinc.-If the vessel
is made of wood or other non-conducting material, plates of iron or other metal
may be introduced into the liquid to form the negative plate of the battery.-By 1
means of the electric action thus set up, I obtain a solution of zincate of soda or
zincate of potash, as the case may be, and to this solution I add sulphide of sodium
or sulphide of potassium, which will cause the zinc in solution to precipitate in the
form of sulphide of zinc.-The solution of caustic soda or potash is then decanted
from the precipitate, and can be used again for dissolving another lot of zinc to 2
repeat the operation.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
The application, in the manufacture of sulphide of zinc, of electrolitic action in 2
the manner above set forth.
Sash Fasteners.
Year: 1885

page_text: Sash Fasteners.
I, WILLIAM HENRY LILLY of No 84 Johnston Street Birchfields Birmingham in
the County of Warwick, Brassworker, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW FASTENERS & SASH
FASTENERS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
See Drawings.
Fig. 1 A attachment plate: B vertical box which acts as a catch & box com-
bined & is affixed to plate A.
.
Fig. 2 A attachment plate: B lever attached to the pillars C on plate A by a
pin or wire passing through lever B at the point marked D; close to the top of the
lever B is the cam E fixed in the slot F by a pin or wire passing through the
point marked G; there are grips at H; I is a groove in the lever B to receive
the catch N of the lever L. At the base of lever B is an eccentric J, which is
operated upon by the spring K, which forces the.lever B into a vertical position
when released by the lever L, which passes through lever B at the slot marked M,
having at its point the catch N, with the arm 0, lever L being attached to the
pillars P on plate A by a pin or wire at the point Q.
The working action of this invention is as follows:-
When the fastener has been fixed on the window that portion marked Fig. 1,
being upon the lower sash and that part marked Fig. 2, on the upper sash and the
window is closed & of necessity fastened, to open it, pull back the lever B & raise
the lever L, by means of the arm O, into groove I, on Fig. 2; which allows the
box B on Fig. 1, to pass the cam E & grips H on Fig. 2, thus freeing the window;
to close again draw down the sash having Fig. 1 attached which comes in contact
with Fig. 2, on the cam E & forces back lever B, causing lever L to fall & by the
falling of lever L, full play is given to spring K, which operating on an eccentric J
instantly forces lever B into a vertical position, thus locking the box B on Fig. 1,
with the cam E & grips H on Fig. 2: & securely fastening the sashes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. A vertical or approximately vertical lever or levers, in conjunction with
& operated by or upon a lateral or approximately lateral lever or levers, acted or

page_text: operated upon one or more of the levers by a spring or springs & being self locking
by means of a grip or grips on the vertical or approximately vertical lever or
levers, and further a cam or cams for releasing or freeing upon the last mentioned
lever or levers.
2. A vertical box or catch or a vertical box & catch combined operating on a 5
cam or cams and into which a lever or levers or cam or cams lock or fasten.
Dated this Twenty fifth day of November AD 1885.