JN VERTICAL TUBULAR LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS WITH MOVABLE TUBES AND VAPORIZER
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Felix de Valsuzenay, Iron Master, of Froncles, in the
Department of Haute Marne, France, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
JN VERTICAL TUBULAR LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS WITH MOVABLE TUBES AND
VAPORIZER."
Sealed the 4th October 1878, and dated the 2nd May 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Félix de Valsuzenay at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd May 1878.
16
FELIX DE VALSUZENAY, Iron Master, of Froncles, in the Department of Haute
Marne, France. IMPROVEMENTS IN VERTICAL TUBULAR LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS WITH
MOVABLE TUBES AND VAPORIZER."
The vertical boiler forming the subject of the present Invention is remarkable
for its novel construction, and especially in the arrangement and disposition of the
vaporizer.
Placed in the fire-box or furnace the essential properties of the vaporizer are a
great heating surface and the division of the mass of water, so as to offer only a
limited volume to the action of the furnace, and is spread over a considerablo
heating surface directly submitted to the furnace's action. The result of. this par-
ticular disposition is that the circulation of the water from the boiler to the
vaporizer is effected very rapidly, and that vaporization is most active.
The vaporizer consists of a capacity suspended, so to speak, in the heart of the
furnace; it is connected to the boiler in a suitable manner to communicate with
it, and is traversed vertically by a cluster of tubes, in which the gases from com-
bustion circulate.
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Of a simple and solid construction my boiler is half as voluminous as the
ordinary boilers; it consumes much less fuel, and vaporizes from 6 to 7 kilogrammes
of water for each kilogramme of coal consumed.
The vaporizer, constructed of a single piece, without rivets, of the best sheet iron,
with copper tubes, may be easily removed and reinstated in a few hours.

page_text: The cleansing of the boiler and vaporizer is easily effected without any taking
to pieces. Finally, the heating surface completely submitted to the radiation
of the furnace admits of producing steam in force corresponding with that to be
transmitted.
The result of this combination is,―
First. That the gases of combustion radiate all round the furnace, envelope and
traverse the vaporizer, and escape quite burnt after having traversed the upper part
of the boiler.
Secondly. That the water circulates incessantly and very rapidly from the boiler
to the vaporizer.
Thirdly. That the combustion being complete the generation of steam is most
active and very economical.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Félix de Valsuzenay in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th
October 1878.
FELIX DE VALSUZENAY, Iron Master, of Froncles, in the Department of Haute
Marne, France. "IMPROVEMENTS IN VERTICAL TUBULAR LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS WITH
MOVABLE TUBES AND VAPORIZER."
The vertical boiler forming the subject of the present Invention is remarkable
for its novel construction, and especially in the arrangement and disposition of the
vaporizer.
Placed in the fire-box or furnace the essential properties of the vaporizer are a
great heating surface and the division of the mass of water, so as to offer only a
limited volume to the action of the furnace, and is spread over a considerable heating
surface directly submitted to the furnace's action. The result of this particular
disposition is that the circulation of the water from the boiler to the vaporizer is
effected very rapidly, and that vaporization is most active.
Tho vaporizer consists of a capacity suspended, so to speak, in the heart of the
furnace; it is connected to the boiler in a suitable manner to communicate with it,
and is traversed vertically by a cluster of tubes, in which the gases from combustion
circulate.
Or if it is observed that these gases are dispersed in these tubes in the space
Beparating the vaporizer from the inner sides of the boiler, and also in the interval
comprised between the vaporizer and the top of the furnace, it will be then under-
stood that these gases dispersed in all directions have sufficient time to intimately
mix and completely burn, and so produce the maximum effect of utility.
These movable vertical boilers of simple and solid construction are of equal
power, and (that is to say, for an equal production of steam) more compact than
ordinary vertical boilers, and burn less coal; they vaporize at least 6 to 7 kilo-
grammes of water to each kilogramme of coal consumed, whilst the greater part of

page_text: vertical boilers vaporize barely 4 kilogrammes of water (one kilogramme is about
equivalent to 2 lbs.).
The vaporizer, constructed of a single piece, without rivets, of the best sheet iron,
with copper tubes, is of the greatest solidity; it may be easily removed and rein-
stated in a few hours by the stoker himself without having recourse to special
workmen.
The cleaning of the boiler and vaporizer is easily effected without any taking to
pieces. Finally, the great heating surface completely submitted to the radiation of
the furnace admits of producing steam in force corresponding with that to be trans-
mitted, and burns any kind of fuel.
the furnace admits of producing steam in force corresponding with that to be trans-
mitted, and burns any kind of fuel.
DESCRIPTION.
The accompanying Drawing represents a vertical boiler of the improved.
description shown in front elevation, Fig. 1; in horizontal section by the axis of
the sight hole of the vaporizer, Fig. 2; and in vertical section following the lines
A, B, and C, D, Figs. 3 and 4,
The boiler consists, like all generators of the same category, of an external sheet
iron cylindrical and vertical case a, and of an internal, vertical, and cylindrical
case b forming a passage round the furnace, and connected to the first by rivets to
the circular sheet-iron bottom c.
The case b above is closed by the roof of the furnace d, from the centre of which
the chimney e starts, and which then traverses all the upper part of the boiler.
Between the two envelopes a and b there is as usual an annular space surrounding
the furnace, and in which water circulates..
In the furnace, between the hearth and the summit & following the axis of the
boiler, is placed the vaporizer, that is to say, a cylindrical capacity f, by preference,
constructed of a single piece, without rivets, and of sheet iron of the best quality,
whose diameter is considerably less than that of the furnace; it is connected to the
envelope or case b (both pierced in this direction with a similar opening) with a
good joint with bolts g, g, and it is also connected with the roof of the furnace d
by a communication h, which is a strong tube screw cut outside, and firmly held at
the upper side of the vaporizer and to the division d by the locking of inner and
outer screws.
By this arrangement a permanent communication is established between the
boiler and the vaporizer; the water circulates from one to the other continuously,
as will hereafter be explained.
The capacity is traversed throughout by a series of copper tubes t, t; which in
a manner unite the bottom of the furnace with the open space reserved between
the upper part of this capacity and the summit of the furnace, so that beneath this
summit is a mixture of gases which have traversed the tubes with gases which
have circulated round the vaporizer.
A sight hole i made in the external case a admits of setting, unsetting, or
examining the joint of the vaporizer; another sight; pierced in the dome of the
boiler facilitates mounting or dismounting the communication h.
Independent of this novel arrangement my boilers are provided with the door p,
cleaning openings 7, r, openings and junction bolts u of the pump or feeding tubo,
a hole v for the application of safety apparatus, holes x of the water level tube and
steam entry y; they are also according to their application provided with feet 8, 8, 8,
for fixing them, and with a bed or pedestal for supporting them.
Supposing now that the boiler is in action, it will be perceived that the vaporizer
placed directly above the furnace, surrounded on all sides with the combustible
gases traversed by them, absorbs the greater part of the heat, and provokes a rapid
and continuous movement of the water in the boiler to the vaporizer, as the
arrows, Fig. 3, indicate.
In a word, the vaporizer directly absorbes without intermediary the caloric of
the gases surrounding it without in the least diminishing the usual heating surface
of the partition b, and incessantly replaces hot by cooler water, that is to say, that

page_text: in the most practical manner it vaporizes or converts into steam the greatest
quantity of water in the shortest space of time, and with the smallest quantity of
combustible matter.
Finally, I claim the improved vertical boiler herein specified and represented by
the accompanying Drawing, which system consists (without restriction as to form
or materials of construction) in an ordinary vertical boiler, cylindrical or otherwise,
in the furnace of which is arranged a capacity I term a vaporizer, which is traversed
by a series of vertical tubes, and connected at one part with the inside of the
furnace, and at the other with the summit of this furnace.
The result of this disposition is,―
1st. That the gases of combustion radiating all round the furnace envelope and
traverse the vaporizer, and escape completely burnt after having traversed the upper
part of the boiler.
2nd. That the water incessantly circulates very rapidly from the boiler to the
vaporizer.
And, 3rd. That combustion being complete vaporization is most energetic, and
eminently economical.
In witness whereof, I, the said Felix de Valsuzenay, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.