IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR, PART OF WHICH APPARATUS MAY BE USED FOR WARMING
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Rigby and Joseph Rigby, both of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN
VENTILATING AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR, PART OF WHICH APPARATUS MAY
BE USED FOR WARMING."
Scaled the 14th September 1875, and dated the 10th July 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Rigby and
Joseph Rigby at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 10th July 1875.
We, JOHN RIGBY and JOSEPH RIGBY, both of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR, PART
OF WHICH APPARATUS MAY BE USED FOR WARMING," to be as follows:-
This Invention comprises two methods of ventilating, one by means
of a peculiar arrangement and construction of window, and another by
means of a peculiar construction of hot-air chamber and adjuncts for

page_text: creating and distributing a constant current or draught of air, and these
two arrangements can be employed either in combination with or
separately from each other.
The ventilating window consists essentially of a double window, the
outside window being open at the bottom. This opening may be covered 5
with perforated metal or wood, woven wire, cloth, or other permeable
material, as may be preferred, or it may be left open entirely. The
inner window on the contrary is open at the top, and this opening may
be either regulated by a valve or left open. The space between the
two windows may be about three or four inches, more or less. The air 1
passes in at the lower part of the outer window, then up between the
two windows, and enters the room at the upper part of the inner window,
the amount of air admitted being regulated by means of a valve or
otherwise.
It will of course be understood that if preferred only a portion of the
window may be treated in this way, instead of doubling the whole of
the window.
The warm air chamber which may be heated by gas or otherwise is
to be made of metal or other incombustible material, and to be placed
in such a position out of the way as to be best adapted to extract tho
foul or vitiated air from the room or building to be ventilated, and for
conveying, when required, warm air to the room or building. This
chamber is supplied with inlet and outlet pipes.
The inlet pipe will be carried to nearly the bottom of the chamber,
and the outlet pipe will be fixed at or near the top of the same. Upon
heating this chamber by means of gas or otherwise the air contained
therein becomes heated, and hence becoming lighter ascends the outlet
pipe and draws air into the chamber through the inlet pipe, and as this
action is continuous as long as the chamber remains heated a constant
current of air is caused to circulate from the inlet to the outlet
pipe.
If this arrangement is to be used for ventilating the inlet pipe is
connected with the upper part of the room and the outlet pipe with tho
external atmosphere, but when used for supplying warm air to an
apartment the arrangement would be reversed.

page_text: We would here remark that in some cases we propose to employ a
continuous pipe, and to carry it through or in contact with the ordinary
fire or stove. In this case this continuous pipe answers the purpose of
both inlet and outlet pipe and warm air chamber also.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Rigby and Joseph Rigby in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 10th January 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
RIGBY and JOSEPH RIGBY, both of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said John Rigby and Joseph
Rigby, Her special license that we, the said John Rigby and Joseph
Rigby, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
we, the said John Rigby and Joseph Rigby, our executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING
AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR, PART OF WHICH APPARATUS MAY BE USED FOR
WARMING," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John
Rigby and Joseph Rigby, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Rigby and Joseph Rigby,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
Drawings:-
This Invention comprises two methods of ventilating, one by means
of a peculiar arrangement and construction of window, and another by
means of a peculiar construction of hot-air chamber and adjuncts for
creating and distributing a constant current or draught of air, and these
two arrangements can be employed either in combination with or
separately from each other.
Such being the nature and object of our said Invention we will now
proceed to describe in detail the manner in which the same is to be or
may be performed or carried into practical effect, and in order that the
same may be clearly understood we have annexed hereunto a Sheet of
Drawings illustrative thereof, and have marked the same with figures
and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following expla-
nation thereof:-
The ventilating window is represented in section at Fig. 1, and
consists essentially of a double window, the outside window a, a, being open
at the bottom. This opening may be made with glass "Venetians" b, b,
as shown, or it may be covered with perforated metal or wood, woven
wire, cloth, or other permeable material, as may be preferred, or it may
be left open entirely. The inner window c, c, on the contrary opens at
the top as an ordinary sash window, as shown at Fig. 1, or the window
may be fixed, and this opening may be either regulated by a valve or
left open. The space between the two windows may be about three or
four inches more or less. The air passes in at the lower part of the
outer window a, a, at b, b, then up between the two windows, and enters
the room at the upper part of the inner window c, c, at e, e, the amount
of air admitted being regulated by means of opening or closing the sash
or by a valve or otherwise.
It will of course be understood that if preferred only a portion of the
window may be treated in this way, instead of doubling the whole of the
window, or the air may be admitted through the bottom of the window
casing between the two windows.

page_text: i
✓ The warm air chamber or stove, which may be heated by gas or
otherwise, is represented in section at Fig. 2, at f, f, and is to be made
of metal or other incombustible material, and to be placed in such a
position out of the way as to be best adapted to extract the foul or
vitiated air from the room or building to be ventilated, and for con-
veying when required warm air to the room or building. This chamber
is supplied with inlet and outlet pipes.
The inlet pipe g, g, will be carried in at or near the bottom of the
chamber ff, and the outlet for the warm air into the room will be
at h, h, at or near the top of the same. Upon heating the inner
chamber i, i, by means of gas or otherwise, the air contained in the
chamber ff, surrounding the same becomes heated, and hence becoming
lighter ascends 'through the outlet h, h, in the room, and draws air into
the chamber through the inlet pipe 9, 9, and as this action is continuous
as long as the inner chamber remains heated a constant current of air
is caused to circulate from the inlet pipe into the room.
'
11.
If this arrangement is to be used for ventilating the inlet pipe is
connected with the upper part of the room and the outlet pipe with the
external atmosphere, but when used for supplying warm air to an
apartment the arrangement would be reversed.
We would here remark that in some cases we propose to employ a
continuous pipe, and to carry it through or in contact with the ordinary
fire or stove or to heat it otherwise at one particular part. In this case
this continuous pipe answers the purpose of both inlet and outlet pipe
and warm air chamber also.
Having now described the nature and object of our said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be
performed or carried into practical effect, we wish it to be understood
that we claim as our Invention,―
Firstly. The peculiar construction of ventilating double window
herein-before described and illustrated by Fig. 1 in the Drawing
annexed.
And, Secondly. The peculiar construction of double warm air chamber
or stove herein-before described and illustrated by Fig. 2, in the Drawing
annexed, whether used for the purposes of ventilating or warming, or

page_text: for both, or any mere modification or imitation of the said improvements
constructed and operating in substantially the same manner.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Rigby and Joseph Rigby,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighth day of
January, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-six.