IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Aspden Pickup Dickinson and William Par-
kinson, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 13th May 1875, and dated the 20th November 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Aspden Pickup Dickinson
and William Parkinson at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 20th November 1874.
We, ASPDEN PICKUP DICKINSON and WILLIAM PARKINSON, of Black-
burn, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in an improved shedding motion for that
description of looms used for weaving figured borders on the sides of
the woven cloth, the fabrics being generally known by the term
"dhooties."

page_text: Our improvements consist,—
First. In working toothed quadrant levers for raising and lowering the
warps of the borders by means of rods jointed at the bottom to tho
ordinary two treadle levers or arms worked by the tappets used for
weaving the plain cloth or fabric between the borders. The other ends
of the rods are jointed to arms or levers having ratchets or propellers for
turning a ratchet wheel at the end of the cylinder carrying the pattern
chain, and by making the ratchets with projections on both sides the
ratchet wheel can be turned at each up-and-down movement of the rods
and levers, or at one movement only.
Secondly. Our improvements relate to the pattern chain, and consists
in an improved mode of connecting the projections or knobs which act
on the quadrant levers. The projections are formed of a triangular, D,
or other shape, and at the base of cach there are two holes through
which are passed spindles or rods jointed at each end to an ordinary
small flat linked chain; and the pattern chain is propelled either by
causing the ends of the spindles or rods to work in recesses in chain
wheels, or by means of recesses in the bases of the triangular, D, or other
shaped projections working on projecting teeth on chain wheels made
for the purpose, or the projecting teeth may be made in the pattern
chain and the recesses in the chain wheels.
Thirdly. Our improvements consist in arranging and forming one
series of quadrant levers so that they can be acted upon direct by the
pattern chain. For this purpose we cast on each of the quadrant levers
of the series before mentioned a short projecting arm having a part
above the centre of the pattern cylinder, so that the projections or
knobs arranged according to the pattern shall act direct as they pass
onwards.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Aspden Pickup Dickinson and William Parkinson 30
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th May 1875.

page_text: :
by connections with a crank on the tappet shaft of the loom, or with
the ordinary two treadle levers worked by the tappets used for weaving
· the plain cloth or fabric between the figured borders.
Secondly. Our improvements relate to the pattern chain, and consist in
an improved mode of connecting the projections or knobs which act on the
quadrant levers. The projections are formed of a triangular shape, and
at the base of each there are two holes through which are passed spindles
or rods, jointed at each end to an ordinary linked chain, and the pattern
chain is propelled either by causing the ends of the spindles or links to
work in recesses in chain wheels or by means of recesses in the bases
of the triangular projections working on projecting teeth on chain wheel's
made for the purpose, or the projecting teeth may be made in the
pattern chain and the recesses in the chain wheels.
Thirdly. Our improvements consists in arranging and forming one
series of quadrant levers, so that they can be acted upon direct by the i
`pattern chain. For this purpose we cast on each of the quadrant levers,
of the series before mentionéd, a projecting piece having a part above
the centre of the pattern cylinder, so that the projections or knobs
arranged according to the pattern shall act direct as they pass onwards.
On the accompanying Sheet of Drawings Figs. 1 and 2 are front and 2
end views of part of a loom to which one arrangement of our improve-
ments are attached, and Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, are detached
views of some of the parts, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, being drawn to a scale of
two inches to the foot, and the other Figures about full size.
In Figs. 1 and 2, a represents part of the framework of the loom; b, 2
the crank shaft; c, the fast and loose pulleys; d, the tappet shaft; e,
the rocking shaft; f, the sword arms; g, the slay or lathe; h, the reed;
i, the cloth beam; k, the plain part of the cloth; and 7, the figured
borders. The shed for the plain part of the cloth is obtained in the
same manner as in an ordinary calico loom, but for shedding the warp 3
threads of the figured borders we employ any required number of
quadrant levers o, p, working on shafts in the cross frame q, carried by
standards », fixed to the framework a; and each of the quadrant levers p
has at one part a projecting edge, as shewn at 8, Fig. 4; the centre of
this part being directly over the centre of the pattern chain t, Figs. 13
and 2. This chain which is shewn in part and in detail in the full sized

page_text: views, Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, consists of a number of plain links,
and others, having triangular projections to for acting on the quadrant
levers, the projecting links being arranged and placed according to the
required design or pattern of the borders. The plain links are simply
used to connect and fill up the chain in such a manner that they can be
changed from place to place, in order to allow the pattern links to be
placed in any position, and their previous places filled up by the plain
links. Each link, whether plain or having a triangular projection, has
two holes through which are passed pins x, Fig. 5, linked together by
ordinary links y, Figs. 5, 6, and 9; and in the arrangements shewn in
the Drawings the bottom of the links u, v, work in spaces z in the chain
wheels a¹ fixed to the shaft b', to one end-of which is fixed the ratchet
wheel c¹³, Figs. 2 and 3, and to the other end of the wheel d', Figs. 1
and 2, steadied and held as required by the spring c¹, it being understood
that the chain wheels, the steadying wheel, and the ratchet wheel have
cach the same number of teeth.
For giving forward movement to the pattern chain for each or every
other pick of weft we employ two levers f' working loose on the shaft &
of the chain wheels or pattern cylinder, there being on cach lever a pro-
peller ¹, one or both of which can be used as required, and the levers f
are connected by rods ¹ to a three-armed lever l'; m³, having the arm m¹
connected by the swivel n¹ and rod o' to the crank p¹ on the tappet shaft
of the loom. The warps for the plain part of the fabric pass through
the eyelets of the healds, but the warps for the figured borders pass
through eyelets connected to cords q¹ fastened at their upper ends to the
quadrant levers o, p, and at their lower ends to india-rubber springs' rol
attached to bars & fixed to the lowers ends of the side frames of the
loom. When the loom is at work the cords connected to the quadrant
levers are lifted when any of the triangular projections w of the pattern
chain act on the levers, and the moment the triangular projections
have passed the projecting parts 8, Fig. 4, the levers are brought down
by the springs, and as the healds and cords q¹ move up and down
simultaneously the shed is formed both for the plain and figured borders
of the fabric.

page_text: unscrewing the nuts u¹, and then removing the washers v', the links y,
and the change links u, v.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Parkinson, for and on
behalf of myself and the said Aspden Pickup Dickinson, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of May, in 5
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
WILLIAM PARKINSON. (L.S.)
Signed, scaled, and delivered by
the within-named William
Parkinson, in the presence of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.