CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS TITI NA ATT.
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William John Kendall, "Engineer," of Heaton
Norris, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS TITI NA ATT.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William John Kendall
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 3rd November 1873.
I, WILLIAM JOHN KENDALL, "Engineer," of Heaton Norris, in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS,"
to be as follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of preventing the frequent
annoyance and damage caused by the breaking of the wires by which
the ribs of umbrellas and parasols are attached to the wheels or bushes
fixed or sliding on the sticks of umbrellas and parasols.
The Invention consists in the use and employment of a cap or cover,
or caps or covers on the aforesaid wheels or bushes of umbrellas and

page_text: parasols. This cap or cover is of such a shape that when placed on the
wheel or bush of the umbrella, the groove wherein the wire connecting
the ribs is placed will be covered up, thereby enclosing the wire. Slots
are provided in the cap or cover for the ribs to pass through and the cap
is securely fastened to the wheel or bush.
It will be easily understood that on the aforesaid wires being enclosed
all round they will be protected from moisture, and will be able to offer
sufficient resistance against undue strains on the ribs or stretchers.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said William John Kendall in the Great Seal Patent 1
Office on the 1st May 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
JOHN KENDALL, Engineer, of Heaton Norris, in the County of Lancaster,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said William John Kendall, Her
special license, that I, the said William John Kendall, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
John Kendall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF UMBRELLAS AND
PARASOLS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
John Kendall, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar

page_text: months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William John Kendall, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is
to say:-
This Invention is designed for the purpose of preventing the frequent
annoyance and damage caused by the breaking of the wires by which
the ribs and stretchers of umbrellas and parasols are attached to the
wheels or bushes fixed or sliding on the sticks of umbrellas or parasols.
The Invention consists in the use and employment of a cap or cover,
or caps or covers on the aforesaid wheels or bushes of umbrellas and
parasols. This cap or cover is of such shape that when placed on the
wheel or bush of the umbrella, the groove wherein the wire connecting
the ribs is placed will be covered up, thereby enclosing the wire. Slots
are provided in the cap or cover for the ribs to pass through and the cap
is securely fastened to the wheel or bush.
It will be easily understood that on the aforesaid wires being enclosed
all round they will be protected from moisture, and will be able
to offer sufficient resistance against undue strains on the ribs or
stretchers.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention I will proceed
to describe more particularly in what manner the same is to be per-
formed by the aid of the accompanying Drawings, in which are repre- .
sented the parts of umbrellas or parasols above referred to. :
Fig. 1, drawn to about natural size, represents part of the frame of an
umbrella or parasol, shewing the same as opened. The wheels (also
called notches) and the bushes or runners, also the caps or covers enclosing
the said wheels or notches, and the bushes or runners are shewn in
section.
Figs. 2 to 10, drawn to about twice the natural size, represent the
wheels and bushes and the caps or covers in detail.
In Fig. 1, a represents the fixed wheel or notch provided as usual.
with slots to receive the ends of the main ribs b, b, and with a groove
for the connecting wire. After the ends of the main ribs b, b, have..

page_text: been inserted into the slots of the said wheel or notch, and secured by
the connecting wire in the usual way, the cap or cover o is placed on
and over the outside in the wheel. Suitable slots corresponding with
those in the wheel or notch are provided in the cap through which the
ribs pass; the cap or cover c is held and secured in its position on the
wheel by the pin which secures the latter to the stick. A of the umbrella
or parasol, or in any other convenient manner. d is the sliding bush or
runner of the umbrella or parasol also provided in the usual and well
known manner with slots on its upper or notched portion to receive the
ends of the stretchers e, and with a groove for the connecting wire. 1
After the ends of the stretchers have been inserted into the slots 7, and
secured by the connecting wire, a cap or cover c' is here also placed over
the outside of the notched portion of the runner and secured as shown
hereafter in Fig. 9.
Figs. 2, 3, and 4, represent respectively a section, elevation, and plan 1
view of the cap or cover; f, f, are the slots through which the main
ribs or stretchers pass.
Fig. 5 is an elevation of the upper or fixed wheel or notch of the.
umbrella or parasol showing the cap c placed thereon.
Figs. 6 and 7 represent a section and plan of the fixed wheel or notch a 2
with the cap or cover c placed in position over the slotted and grooved
part of the wheel or notch a; b, b, are the main ribs; and i is the usual
connecting wire.
Figs. 8 and 9, show a section and a plan of the lower sliding bush or
runner where d is the sliding bush; e, e, the stretchers; and i the con- 2
necting wire; o³ is the cap or cover placed over the notched and grooved
part of the sliding bush or runner.
In order to secure the cap o¹ to the runner it is made slightly deeper
than the notched and grooved part of the latter and bent or turned over
on two opposite or nearly opposite places k, k, or by any other con- &
venient method.
Fig. 10 represents a modification of the top fastening where a is the
fixed wheel or notch, but the cap c is here provided with a boss fitting
the stick A. and placed below the said wheel. or notch a, the upper
enlarged and slotted part of the cap or cover c here also surrounds the 3
wheel or notch a.

page_text: It will be easily understood that by the application of the said caps
or covers marked c and c', partly enclosing the grooved and notched
portions of the said wheel and runner, and thereby also the wires con-
necting and holding the ribs and stretchers of the umbrella or parasol
in position, a great support to the connecting wires will be afforded, an
additional amount of strength and durability will be secured, and the
corroding effects of moisture will be more effectively avoided than in the
present construction of these parts.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that I claim
as my Invention the employment and use of a cap or cover on the fixed
wheel or notch, and also on the moveable bush or runner of an umbrella
or parasol, in the manner and for the purpose above described, set forth,
and fully illustrated in the Drawings attached, or any slight modifi-
cation thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said William John Kendall, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of April,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
0
Witness,
W*. H. DAWSON,
Patent Agent.
Manchester.
WILLIAM JOHN KENDALL. (L.S.)