Improvements in or Pertaining to Coupling Pipes for Railway Brakes.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Dec., 1886.
Complete Left, 14th Sept., 1887
Complete Accepted, 14th Oct., 1887
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Pertaining to Coupling Pipes for Railway
Brakes.
I, ALEXANDER SPENCER, of 77, Cannon Street, in the City of London, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
As is well known, railway brake apparatus in which fluid pressure is employed, as
in the Westinghouse brake, is provided with a train pipe or pipes running underneath
each carriage, and the pipe of one carriage has to be connected with the pipe of the
adjacent carriage in a train, for which purpose it is usual to employ coupling pipes
made of india-rubber with metal devices for connecting them to the pipes fitted to the
carriages, and to one another.
In order to secure such metal devices to the india-rubber pipes, it is usual to provide
the said devices with nozzle-pieces, the nozzles of which are coated with solution and
then forced into the ends of the pipes, thereby considerably expanding or distending
the same, after which metal clips are placed over the expanded ends. This method of
fastening is objectionable owing to the great stress to which it subjects the ends of
the pipe.
Now my invention is designed to obviate this, for which purpose I provide each
end of the india-rubber pipe with a nozzle-piece, the nozzle of which can be grooved
or roughened in any suitable manner, and is moulded into the end of the pipe, which
is afterward vulcanized with the nozzles in it. Those parts of the nozzle pieces
projecting beyond the ends of the pipe may be constructed in any desired form for
effecting the required coupling.
Dated this 16th day of December 1886
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in or Pertaining to Coupling Pipes for Railway
Brakes.
I, ALEXANDER SPENCER, of 77, Cannon Street, in the City of London, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
As is well known, railway brake apparatus in which fluid pressure is employed, as
in the Westinghouse brake, is provided with a train pipe or pipes running underneath
each carriage, and the pipe of one carriage has to be connected with the pipe of the
adjacent carriage in a train, for which purpose it is usual to employ coupling pipes
made of india-rubber with metal devices for connecting them to the pipes fitted to the
carriages, and to one another.
In order to secure such metal devices to the india-rubber pipes, it is usual to provide
the said devices with nozzle pieces, the nozzles of which are coated with solution and
then forced into the ends of the pipes, thereby considerably expanding or distending
the same, after which metal clips are placed over the expanded ends. This method of
fastening is objectionable owing to the great stress to which it subjects the ends of
the pipe.
Now my invention is designed to obviate this, for which purpose I provide one or
both ends of the india-rubber pipe with a nozzle-piece, the nozzle of which can be
grooved or roughened in any suitable manner, and is moulded into the end of the pipe,
which is afterwards vulcanized with the nozzles in it. Those parts of the nozzle
pieces projecting beyond the ends of the pipe may be constructed in any desired form
for effecting the required coupling.
And in order that the nature of my invention may be readily understood, reference
is made to the accompanying drawing, which illustrates in longitudinal section one
end of a coupling pipe within which is secured, according to my invention, a nozzle
designed to carry one part of a device shown in elevation.
1 is a coupling pipe formed of alternate layers of india-rubber and canvas, and
wound externally with a spiral or sheathing of wire 2 in the manner described and
shown in the specification of Letters Patent granted to me dated 4th January 1886,
No. 97. 3 is a nozzle grooved or corrugated at its exterior and inserted within the
end of the pipe before it is vulcanized, and while it is in a plastic condition. The
pipe is afterwards vulcanized whilst the nozzle is in place, and thus it is securely
retained therein. The sheathing or coil of wire prevents enlargement or extension of
the tube end, and prevents withdrawal of the nozzle when longitudinal stress is put
upon the coupling pipe. 3 is a nozzle piece projecting beyond the end of the pipe.
is one end of a coupling device, which may be of any suitable construction; secured
within a recess in the nozzle piece 3*, or it may be formed in one therewith.

page_text: By means of my invention, a wire coil for strengthening the pipe may extend the
whole length of such pipe, as shown, thus obviating the necessity of dispensing with a
part of such strengthening coil or covering at each end of the pipe, as is the case when
the nozzles are forced into the ends thereof after they have been vulcanized.
It is to be understood that although 1 prefer to use a pipe formed of alternate layers
of india-rubber and canvas strengthened by a sheathing of wire, my invention may be
employed in connection with india-rubber pipes of various constructions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner it is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The herein before described method of connecting a nozzle or coupling device to
a flexible hose by inserting the said nozzle or coupling device into the end of the hose
while the latter is in a plastic condition, and then vulcanizing the said hose, substantially
as set forth.
2. My improved coupling pipe and nozzle constructed substantially as described
with reference to and shown in the drawing annexed.
Dated this 11th dose of Santauban 1007
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.