IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OR MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, BLOCKS, PIPES, TILES, AND OTHER ARTICLES FROM SLAG.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hugh Christic Paterson, of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Merchant, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OR MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, BLOCKS,
PIPES, TILES, AND OTHER ARTICLES FROM SLAG.
Scaled the 5th December 1874, and dated the 29th September 1874.

page_text: facture of bricks, blocks, pipes, tiles, slabs, columns, and other analagous
articles, which are or may be used for building and other structural
purposes, consists in casting the articles from the slag whilst in a liquid
state as it runs from a blast or other furnace. For this purpose moulds
of the requisite shape for the articles to be produced are placed in
proximity to the furnace, so that the slag is run into them. The articles
so cast are allowed to remain in the moulds until set sufficiently hard to
be removed therefrom without fracture or alteration of their shape; and
so soon as removed therefrom, and whilst still in the hot state, they are
immersed in a bath of hydrocarbon, with which they become saturated,
and are then allowed to cool, after which they are ready for use.
filed by the said Hugh Christie Paterson in the Great Scal Patent
Office on the 27th March 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HUGH
CHRISTIE PATERSON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
38th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Hugh Christic Paterson, Her special
license that I, the said Hugh Christic Paterson, my exccutors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Hugh Christic Paterson,
my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS

page_text: THE CONSTRUCTION UK MANUFACTURE OF DRIVAS, DROGAS,
OTHER ARTICLES FROM SLAG," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Hugh Christie Paterson, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-.
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Hugh Christie Paterson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention, which relates to improvements in the utilization
of the slag produced by the smelting or melting of iron or other ores,
has for its object the direct or immediate production from such slag as
it escapes liquid from the furnaces, wherein the smelting or melting
operations are carried on of articles such as bricks, blocks, pipes, tiles,
slabs, columns, and others analogous thereto, which are or may be used
for building and other artructural purposes.
The Invention also relates to so treating the articles formed from such
liquid slag and before they are cooled down to the normal temperature
that they become indurated, and are thereby enabled to withstand the
action of acids in the atmosphere, or of soils, or in the event of their
being exposed to the sea, of resisting the salts and acids, or other
corroding elements contained in sea water.
In carrying this Invention into practice the articles of such classes as
are herein-before mentioned, or others analogous thereto are produced
either from the liquid slag alone, or with the liquid slag there may be
commingled a quantity of pulverulent or fragmentary materials, such
as sand or gravel, quarry chips, or mine dust, ground clay, or chalk,
ground blacs or shale, or analogous substances containing carbon or
hydrocarbons.
The moulds in which the articles are formed by allowing the liquid
slag (either with or without other materials mixed therewith) to solidify
therein are formed of sand or loam, or of cast iron; and they are

page_text: arranged sufficiently close to and at such a level relatively with the slag.
hole of the furnace that the slag as it is discharged therefrom runs into
the said moulds, and the slag after being run into the moulds may be
compressed in the manner and by means well understood in casting
metals so as to increase their density and solidity. It is not however in
all cases necessary to compress the slag in the moulds.
In cases when pulverulent or fragmentary matter in clay or chalk,
sand blaes, or slate is commingled with the slag, this may be effected by
allowing the slag to accumulate in a receptacle before passing into the
moulds, in which case the pulverulent or fragmentary matter is com-
mingled therewith in the receptacle by agitation or equivalent
mechanical means; or it may be injected into or sprinkled upon the
liquid slag as the slag travels towards the moulds, or just as it is on the
point of entering them. The articles so cast are allowed to remain in
the moulds until set sufficiently hard to be removed therefrom without
fracture or alteration of their shape, and so soon as removed from the
moulds, and whilst still in the hot state they are immersed in a bath of
hydrocarbon, with which they not only become saturated but are at the
same time indurated thereby. After being saturated with the hydro-
carbon the articles are allowed to cool and are then ready for use, the
residual heat in the articles after being removed from the moulds being
sufficient to dry the liquid hydrocarbon with which they become
actionated

page_text: saturating and indurating the same by immersion in a bath of hydro-
carbon, substantially as herein-before described..
In witness whereof, I, the said Hugh Christie Paterson, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of March,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
HUGH CHRISTIE PATERSON. (L.S.)