Improvements in Centrifugal Apparatus for Filtering Water and other Liquids.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 18th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 14th Feb., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Apparatus for Filtering Water and
other Liquids.
A communication from abroad by ANTON STEHLIK, of Vienna, in the Empire of
Austria, Civil Engineer.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street,
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, and 323, High Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
-
The present invention relates to an improved centrifugal apparatus for filtering
or purifying water and other liquids, and has for its object to effect the filtration
of water in a perfect and speedy manner and to obtain simultaneously an intimate
mixing of the water with air sucked into the apparatus.
The apparatus is arranged as follows:-
In a stationary casing provided with a hermetically closing and removable cover
and with a lateral discharging pipe, a drum rotates in a bearing around the central
shaft, which drum, instead of being fixed on the shaft, may instead be suspended
upon the top of the same.
The drum is provided on its outside with inclined or vertical ribs, and is on its
inner surface divided by a concentric ring into two divisions, the lower one,
extending from the ring to a second bottom ring, forms a tight wall, whilst the
upper part, extending from the bottom ring to the top edge of the drum, (bent at
a right angle) is provided with perforations on its whole circumference.
The perforations are covered with a suitable layer of permeable material, (metal
gauze) and above it with the filtering mass, as for example, with asbestos, or hone
charcoal.
In the bottom of the drum there are concentrically arranged holes leading to an
annular receptacle below, which has a discharging pipe.
The cover of the casing overtops the centrifugal drum, and has on its inner edge
a concentric cylinder fastened to it. The cylinder is connected with the inclined
bottom, somewhat distant from it, in such a manner that an annular opening
remains between the cylinder and the bottom.
This bottom stands off from the nave of the drum so far that an annular opening
is formed between them.
Between the upper part of the cylinder above mentioned and the cover of the
apparatus is a free space, above which is formed a receptacle by means of a
concentric ring fastened to the cover.
Outside of the mantle or cylinder, and at a suitable distance from it, is placed
concentrically, a second cylinder extending to the bottom where it is open; whilst
its top is bent outwards beneath the cover forming an annular chamber, into which
the curved top edge of the centrifugal drum freely projects.
The second cylinder is supported by the curvilinear ribs and thus stiffened
against the cylinder, so that a concentric free space is formed, through which com-
munication takes place between the interior of the centrifugal drum underneath
the lower ring and the space between the casing and ribs.
The cover is provided on its outside with a small circular trough provided with
an exit pipe into which open tubes or channels, disposed in the ribs and leading to
the chamber above mentioned.
Near the cylinder and through the bottom is placed a spacious tube towards the

page_text: drum, and below the under ring, the under mouth of which tube is sharpened or
tapered and cut at an angle to the direction of the movement of the druin. The
cylinder may be provided with small tubes which can be brought in connection
with a conduit of compressed air, if desired; also the cover may have openings to
allow the escape of air.
The improved centrifugal apparatus works as hereinafter described, under the
supposition that water is to be purified.
The water is supplied at a suitable speed to the upper receptacle, from which it
runs through the opening into the concentric space and down at the outside of
the cylinder until it arrives through the opening at the inclined bottom from which
it runs through the annular opening at the bottom of the revolving drum.
By the rotation of the drum the water is thrown with considerable force against
the impermeable division of the drum below the lower ring, and thus atomized,
whereby the coarse impurities are separated from the water, which, by centrifugal
force, rises over the said ring to the filter mass, where it is uniformly distributed and
forced through, whereupon the purified water escapes through the perforations of
the drum and is thrown into the space from whence it is discharged by the
discharge tube.
The mud and other impurities, separated from the water and accumulated in
the space below the ring, are continuously and automatically driven away by the
sharpened mouth of the tube and removed from the apparatus. The impurities
adhering to or accumulated in the filter mass are washed away with pure water
during the regular working of the apparatus, which water is supplied to the latter
in the same manner as the impure water.
The air contained in the apparatus at the beginning of working is driven upwards
by the ribs, and after having passed between the cover and the annular chamber
and through the ribs, is uniformly distributed in the space, from which it enters
at the bottom into the interior of the drum with considerable speed by passing over
the whole surface underneath the bottom ring where it is mixed energetically with
the finely atomized water, and thus the latter is oxidised for the purpose of a quick
filtration. From here the air rises and partly passes through the filter with the
water and partly enters the chamber from beneath the bent edge of the drum
followed by the surplus of water, which has not been purified. The mixture of
air and water leaves the apparatus through the channels, enters the annular trough,
and is discharged through the tube.
Dated this 17th day of February 1890.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Apparatus for Filtering Water and
other Liquids.
A communication from abroad by ANTON STEHLIK, of Vienna, in the Empire of
Austria, Civil Engineer.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S. M.I.M.E., of the Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street,
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, and 323, High Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to an improved centrifugal apparatus for filtering
or purifying water and other liquids, and has for its object to effect the filtering in
a perfect and speedy manner and to obtain simultaneously an intimate mixing of the
liquid with air sucked into the apparatus.

page_text: In order that the invention may be fully understood, it will now be more
particularly described, reference being made to the annexed drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 represents the improved centrifugal apparatus partly in vertical section.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same.
Figure 3 represents a modification in vertical section of the device for removing
the mud and other impurities from the improved centrifugal apparatus and for
charging the same with the filtering material, and
Figure 4 is a plan view, partly in section, of the same.
Figures 5 and 6 represent, respectively in sectional elevation and sectional plan
view, and in larger size, the above devices.
Figures 7 and 8 represent, in vertical and in cross section, a modification of these
devices.
Referring first to Figures 1 and 2 :-
The apparatus is arranged as follows:-
In a stationary casing A, with a hermetically closing and removable cover a,
and with a lateral discharging pipe I, rotates a drum D mounted on shaft C,
running in bearings B.
The drum D is provided on its outside with inclined or vertical ribs b, and, its
inner surface is divided by a ring e into two divisions, the lower one, extending to
the ring c, forms an imperforate wall, whilst the upper part, extending from the
ring c to the top edge d (bent at a right angle), is provided with perforations e on its
whole circumference.
The perforations e are covered with a suitable layer of permeable material (metal
gauze) and inside it with the filtering material f, as, for example, with asbestos,
bone-black, charcoal, etcetera.
In the bottom of the drum D, holes are arranged on a circle concentric with
the machine axis. These lead to the annular receptacle K having a discharge
pipe l.
The cover a of the casing A overtops the centrifugal drum D, and supports a
concentric cylinder m. The cylinder m is connected with the inclined bottom n but
somewhat distant from it, in such a manner that an annular opening 2 remains
between the cylinder m and the bottom n. This bottom n stands so far from the
nave a¹ of the drum D that an annular opening 3 is formed.
Between the upper part of the cylinder m above mentioned and the cover a of
the apparatus, is a free space 4, above which is formed a receptacle, by means of a
concentric ring o fastened to the cover a.
Outside of the mantle or cylinder m and at a suitable distance from it, is placed
concentrically a second cylinder r, open at the bottom; whilst its top is bent
beneath the cover a, forming an annular chamber 5, into which the curved top
edge d of the centrifugal drum D projects.
The cylinder r is supported by the curvilinear ribs and thus stiffened against
the cylinder m, thus a concentric free space b¹ is formed through which com-
munication takes place between the interior of the centrifugal drum D under-
neath the ring c and the space 7 between the casing A. and ribs b.
The cover a is provided on its outside with a small circular trough u into which
open tubes or channels , disposed in the ribs and leading to the annular
chamber 5.
Near the cylinder m and through the bottom n is placed a spacious tube z towards
the drum D and below the ring c. The under mouth of this tube is sharpened
and cut at an angle to suit the direction of the movement of the drum.
The cylinder m may be provided with small tubes y which can be brought in
connection with a conduit of compressed air, if desired, also the cover a may have
openings to allow the escape of air.
The improved centrifugal apparatus works as hereinafter described, under the
supposition that water is to be purified.
The water is supplied at a suitable speed to the receptacle p, from which it runs
through the opening 4 into the space 6 and down on the outside of the cylinder m

page_text: until it arrives through the opening 2 at the inclined bottom n, from which it runs
through the annular opening 3 to the bottom of the revolving drum.
By the rotation of the drum, the water is forcibly thrown against the impermeable
division of the drum D below the ring c, and thus pulverised, whereby the coarse
impurities are separated from the water, which, by centrifugal force, rises over the
ring to the filtering material f, where it is uniformly distributed and forced
through, whereupon the purified water escapes through the perforations e of the
drum, into the space 7, wherefrom it is discharged by the tube I.
The mud and other impurities separated from the water and accumulated in the
space below the ring c are continuously and automatically caught by the sharpened
mouth z¹ of the tube z and removed from the apparatus in a way to be hereinafter
described.
The impurities adhering to or entered in the filtering material are washed away
with pure water during the regular working of the apparatus which is supplied to
the latter in the same manner as the impure water.
The air contained in the apparatus at the beginning of work is driven upwards
by the ribs, and, after having passed between the cover a, annular chamber 5 and
ribs 8, it is uniformly distributed, in the space 6 from which it passes to the bottom
into the interior of the drum D with considerable speed where it is mixed
energetically with the finely pulverised water, which is thus oxidised.
From here the air rises part of which passes through the filtering material with
the water, and part enters the chamber 5 from beneath the bent edged of the
drum D followed by the surplus of water which has not been purified.
The mixture of air and water leaves the apparatus through the channels w,
enters the trough u, and is discharged through the tube t.
The modifications represented in Figures 3 and 4 are specially employed, first,
for an easy and continuous removing of the mud and other impurities separated
from the water and accumulated in the space below the ring c, and, second, for
applying and distributing uniformly and automatically the filtering material on the
inside of the perforated wall of the centrifugal drum D.
The arrangement for removing the mud and other impurities (shown on the right
hand side of Figure 3) is as follows:-
A vertical tube R is used, the lower end of which is bent at a right angle and
enlarged in vertical direction, so that the cross section of the orifice has a rectangular
or any other suitable form. One edge of the orifice M extends closely to the inner
surface of the lower part of the centrifugal drum D, so that the impurities accumu-
lated during the filtering operation in the space below the ring c are carried off by
the said edge and forced into the tube R, in which they are raised by the succeeding
impurities as well as by the vehement circulation of air in the apparatus; the mud
and other impurities escape through the upper orifice of the tube R and are
accumulated in a convenient receiver; by this arrangement, the drum D is kept clean
The tube R is fastened in its vertical position by the flanges T and U fixed on
the cylinder m, and can be turned by a handle V in order to turn away the orifice M
from the inside of the wall of the centrifugal drum D, if required.
The arrangement for applying and distributing uniformly the filtering material f
on the inside of the centrifugal drum D above the ring c comprises a vertical tube R¹
with a lateral projection N fixed on one side of the cylinder m; the height of this
projection N corresponds with the height of the filtering material to be applied on
the drum, and its cross section diminishes towards the orifice which has the form of
a rectangle M¹ (see Figure 6).
The direction of the curve of the projection N corresponds with that of the
motion of the centrifugal drum D. Parallel to the tube R', through the projection N
and close to the former, passes a second tube R', (terminating in the projection N)
closed, and provided with a slit S (Figures 5 and 6) of the same height as the
projection N.
The beak-shaped end is curved in a direction opposite to that of the motion of
the centrifugal drum D, (Figures 4 and 6).

page_text: No text detected.

page_text: 5. The apparatus for applying and distributing uniformly and smoothing the
filtering material, consisting of the tube R' with projection N, and of the tube R',
the beak-shaped ends of which are turned with their orifices M and M2 in opposite
directions, substantially as described and shown in Figures 3 to 6.
6. In an apparatus of the kind described, the tubes R¹ and R' with the guide
wall L and blades L' and L, substantially as described and shown in Figures 7
and 8.
7. The apparatus for applying, distributing and smoothing the filtering material,
consisting of the combination of the two devices above described into one piece,
substantially as described.
Dated this 17th day of November 1890
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.