Improved Combination or Arrangement of Springs for Perchless Cee Spring Four Wheeled Carriages, also the Suspension of Two Wheeled Vehicles by the same Means.
Year: 1886

page_text: Improved Combination or Arrangement of Springs for Perchless Cee
Spring Four Wheeled Carriages, also the Suspension of Two
Wheeled Vehicles by the same Means.
I JAMES PARR, of 15 Laura Place, Southampton, Hants, Carriage Builder do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to arrange springs to four wheeled perchless carriages
and to two wheeled vehicles in a novel manner, the Cee springs being suspended.
The springs are of the Cee and elliptic construction and are arranged and combined
as to produce ease of motion, to avoid lateral action or oscillation and to give comfort
to the occupants.
I employ the ordinary Cee springs but with the tail ends suspended from about the
axle or axles by open heads rolled eyes, pipe eyes or other appliance. The other or
bow ends of the Cee springs are connected by loops, straps or otherwise to grasshopper,
scroll-half-elliptic or plain-half-elliptic springs, to elbow springs, to pump handles, or
to cross springs, of any desired form, or to futchels, or wheel irons, which springs may
be suspended hung or attached to any other spring and by any means.
In combination with the above I employ other grasshopper, geroll-half-elliptic,
plain-half-elliptic or other form of spring attached at one end to the frame or to the
body of the vehicle or to cross springs the opposite ends being connected by pipe eye,
coupling plates or other means to the bow of the Cee springs."
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said J. Parr.

page_text: Improved Combination or Arrangement of Springs for Perchless Cee
Spring Four Wheeled Carriages, also the Suspension of Two
Wheeled Vehicles by the same Means.
I JAMES PARR of 15, Laura Place, Southampton, Hants, Carriage Builder, do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of this invention is, to arrange springs to four wheeled perchless
carriages and to two wheeled vehicles in a novel manner, the Cee springs being
suspended.
.
The springs are of the Cee and elliptic construction and are arranged and combined
as to produce ease of motion, to avoid lateral action or oscillation, and to give comfort.
to the occupants.
I employ the ordinary Cee springs, but with the tail ends suspended from about the
axle or axles by open heads, rolled eyes, pipe eyes or other appliance. The other or
bow ends of the Cee springs are connected by loops, straps or otherwise to grasshopper,
scroll-half-elliptic, or plain-half-elliptic springs, to elbow springs, to pump handles, or
to cross springs, of any desired form, or to futchels, or wheel irons, which springs
may be suspended, hung or attached to any other spring and by any means.
In combination with the above I employ other grasshopper, scroll-half-elliptic,
plain-half-elliptic, or other form of spring attached at one end to the frame or to the
body of the vehicle, or to cross springs, the opposite ends being connected by pipe eye,
coupling plates or other means to the bow of the Cee springs.
In the annexed drawings Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 I illustrate several combinations of
springs, both to the under carriage and the hind carriage, of four wheeled vehicles.
Figure 1 shows a vehicle known as a Victoria, the fore carriage of which has a free
motion to turn under the boot for turning purposes to the fullest extent as in other
carriages without a perch.
A is an ordinary Cee spring the upper end of which is connected by a strap B with
E
the wheel iron or futchel Cand its opposite end D to an open head or rolled eye
attached to or forming part of the solid flap E' of the axle F for the attachment of
the half elliptic spring G by the ordinary clips H, H. This half elliptic spring is
connected at its front end, by a pipe eye and coupling plates I, to the bow of the
Cee spring, and its opposite end is attached to the wheel iron Cat the back. J is the
ordinary transom.
The combination of an ordinary Cee spring and a half elliptic spring in the hind
carriage corresponds to that of the front, with this exception, the strap B of the Cec
spring A is connected to the pump handle K or it may be an elbow spring, and the
fore end of the half elliptic spring G is connected by a bracket L fixed to the carriage
body.
In this vehicle the bows of the front Cec springs are set towards the front of the
carriage, but at Figure 2 I show the Cec spring fitted to the rear of the wheel iron, so

page_text: that it passes under the boot M in turning, and instead of having the half elliptic
spring Gas in the previous Figure I fit a grasshopper spring N to the axle F by the
pipe eye E and clips H, H, and attach the front end of it to a lug P on the wheel iron C;
the tail end of this Cee spring is scrolled but it may be of other shape if desired.
In Figure 1 the tail end of the Cee spring of the hind carriage is connected to a
pipe eye, at the rear of the axle, but in Figure 2, the pipe eye is in advance of the
axle.
Figure 3 shows a single Brougham fitted with one of my arrangements of springs.
The front carriage has the strap or loop B of the Cee spring A connected to a grass-
hopper spring N, the opposite end of which is looped to a half elliptic spring G, whose
front end is attached to the bow of the Cee spring A.
The hind carriage of this brougham has the Cee spring loop or strap B connected to
an elbow spring K, or it may be a pump handle, while the fore end of the half elliptic
spring G is connected to a cross spring Q.
In Figure 4 the under carriage has three springs similarly arranged to that shown
in the under-carriage at Figure 3, said arrangement being repeated for the hind
carriage.
Figure 5 is a top view, without the top beds, of a novel way of making up the
under carriage. In this the parts marked a are welded as one piece, and the parts
marked bare bolted thereto, whereby I dispense with the usual costly bottom bed.
Figure 6 shows side view of front under carriage with a half elliptic spring G
connected at the rear to a cross spring Q, this being fixed in position by a back bar R
and two springs or stay irons S, S, the ends of which have both springs connected to
them as at Figure 7.
Figure 8 shows a front under carriage and Figure 9 a top view with a Cee and
half elliptic spring similarly arranged but with the back end of the half elliptic spring
connected to angle bars S, S, welded to the transom ring a.
T, T, are lugs projecting from the wheel irons C for the attachment of the Cee spring
straps.
Figure 10 represents my combination springs to a Dog or Mail Cart, the front end
of the half elliptic spring being connected to a scroll iron U. In this view the front
end of the Cee spring is connected by coupling plates I directly to the half elliptic
spring in advance of the axle, but in Figure 11, where my combination springs are
fitted to a Gig, the front end of the ordinary Cee spring is similarly connected to the
half elliptic spring, but to the rear of the axle, the front end of the half elliptic spring
being attached to the step iron V.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
1. Fitting to four wheeled perchless carriages, a combination of an ordinary Cec
spring and half elliptic or grasshopper spring, one end of the Cee spring being
connected to a pipe eye or other eye, below the axle, said pipe eye or other eye forming
part of a solid flap, or as a separate appliance, secured on the solid flap, one end of the
half elliptic or grasshopper or other equivalent spring being connected to the how of
the Cee spring, all as herein described and shown on the drawings, or any modification
thereof.
2. The combination of ordinary Cee spring and half elliptic, grasshopper or
equivalent spring, to two wheeled vehicles, the fore end of the Cee spring being
connected directly to the half elliptic or equivalent spring in advance or to the rear of
the axle clips, as shown at Figures 10 and 11 of the annexed drawings, or it may be
to a pipe eye or other eye ata point below the level of the axle as described.