IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF A KNOWN MATERIAL TO CEMENTING PURPOSES
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Holcroft, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Consulting Engineer, and Peter Johnson, of Wigan,
in the same County, Cotton Spinner, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF A KNOWN
MATERIAL TO CEMENTING PURPOSES."
Sealed the 16th January 1857, and dated the 81st July 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Holcroft and
Peter Johnson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 31st July 1856.
We, GEORGE HOLCROFT, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Consulting Engineer, and PETER JOHNSON, of Wigan, in the same
County, Cotton Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF A
KNOWN MATERIAL TO CEMENTING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The nature of this Invention consists in manufacturing cement of sulphur
combined with sand, gypsum, or any other suitable material; also in the
application of sulphur alone for cementing the joints of stones, or as a sub-
stitute for cement when used for any other purpose.
In performing this Invention heat must be applied to the sulphur, so as to
render it fluid or plastic.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Holcroft and Peter Johnson, in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 30th January 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
HOLCROFT, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Consulting.
Engineer, and PETER JOHNSON, of. Wigan, in the same County, Cotton
Spinner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
George Holcroft-and-Peter-Johnson,-Her-special-license-that-we, the-said-
George Holcroft and Peter Johnson, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said George Holcroft and Peter Johnson,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF CEMENT, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF A KNOWN MATERIAL TO CEMENTING
PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said George
Holcroft and Peter Johnson, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing, under our, or their, or one of our or their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Holcroft and Peter Johnson,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
The nature of this Invention consists in manufacturing cement of sulphur
combined with sand, gypsum, or any other suitable material; also in the
application of sulphur alone for cementing the joints of stones, or as a sub-
stitute for cement when used for any other purpose.
In performing our Invention we take sand well dried and sifted; we then
take the sulphur and make it fluid by applying heat; the sand is then mixed
with the sulphur in equal quantities by weight, if a very strong cement is
:

page_text: required, but for some purposes seventy-five per cent. of sand may be mixed
with twenty-five per cent. of sulphur; or other proportions may be combined
according to the purpose for which the cement is required. Instead of mixing
the sulphur with sand, as described, it may be mixed with ground coke,
pulverised fire or common bricks, gypsum, or any other material possessing
the same properties. The cement, thus prepared, may be used in a warm state
immediately after the ingredients are combined; or the cement is allowed to
cool for the convenience of transport, and heated again when required to be
used.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention; and the manner of per-
forming the same, we declare that what we claim is, the use and application of
sulphur in combination with sand or other ingredients in the manufacture
of cement; also the application of sulphur alone for cementing purposes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Johnson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of January, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW,
Manchester.
PETER JOHNSON. (L.s.)