IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST SCREWS
Year: 1846

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
Warren, of Montague Terrace, Mile End Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by
Her Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
the Thirty-first day of August, in the tenth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Warren, Her especial licence that I, the said James Warren,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
James Warren, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no other, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland called England, Her Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, and in all Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CAST SCREWS;" in which Letters
Patent there is contained a proviso that I, the said James Warren, should
cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after. the
date of the now reciting Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: joined with a spray of metal at the top of their heads, so that the under parts
or cones of the heads are made or cast perfect, and the spray being broken
off the heads of the screws may readily be completed or perfected by means
of bringing them in contact with a grindstone, or what is called a bob.
In carrying out the first improvement, that of making the pattern screws
separate from the guide screws, various arrangements may be resorted to, and
at No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3, I have shewn on a larger scale than the other
Figures three modes of doing it, but I do not confine myself thereto, the
object of this part of my Invention being to so form the pattern screws and
guide screws of such descriptions of machinery that the one may be readily
separated from and attached to the other in place of making the guides and
and pattern screws for the same stem or piece of metal. And at No. 4 I
have shewn a cranked socket, or a mode of dispensing with very many of the
guide screws, from 6 to 12 being quite sufficient to regulate the inserting or
withdrawal of all the pattern screws; but various experiments upon this and
similar plans have proved this mode to be far inferior to the adoption of a
guide screw to each pattern, more and better work being produced thereby.
-
The second part of my Invention is shewn at Figure 1, where A is a screw,
Ba wheel on the axis thereof, on the lower end of the screw axis is formed a
spherical end, which is received into a hemispherical. bearing on the cross
head C, and the spherical end of the screw axis is kept from coming out of
its bearing by brasses D, D, keyed in as shown in the Drawing. The cross
head is connected with the apparatus which carries the pattern screws by
means of connecting rods or links E, E, by which arrangement the apparatus
for forming the screw threads in the moulds will readily be pressed down and
raised up, and in order to ensure the true position of the moulding box with the
screwing apparatus, there are guide pins F, F, which enter into holes or pro-
jections G, G, on the moulding box, all which will readily be understood on
examining the Drawings.
I will now describe the making of the moulds, some of the points of
which constitute the other improvements herein-before mentioned. Figure 2
shows a plan and edge view of what I call the heading plate, on to which a
moulding box or flask is to be placed, and the sand rammed in, by which it
will be seen that the mould when produced therefrom will receive not only
impressions of the heads of the screws, but also conical impressions for
forming the stems of the screws, in place of the screwing apparatus
making both impressions of the stems and the threads, as described in my
former Specification. In some cases, in place of having the pins or studs
fixed-to the heading plate, as shewn in Figure 2, I can have the pins on a
separate plate, and cause them to pass through the heading plate, in which

page_text: case the heading plate, Figure 2, in place of having the conical studs or pins
for making the impressions fixed thereon it would have holes in the screws
heads, and the studs fixed to the other plate would be cylindrical, suitable for
passing through the holes in the heading plate, and the length of the studs or
pins allowed to come above the heading plate would be adjusted to the length
of screw to be made. By this arrangement proper moulds for making
different lengths of screws might be obtained from the same heading plate,
and in taking a mould off such pins or studs the heading plate should be
lifted with the mould from the cylindrical pins or studs, otherwise the cylin-
drical pins might disturb the sand, by which means the same heading plate
may be used in making various lengths of screws. In making the mould I
at the same time make the main channel or ridge H, Figure 2, for the metal
to run in, and then I use what I call a spray plate, Figure 3, to make the top
part of the mould with the lateral gets or sprays or channels I, I, for the flow
of the metal laterally between each two rows of screws across the mould, so that
the gets of metal I, shown on a full size scale at Figure 6, where the stems of
two screws are shewn combined together by the gets of metal I at the top of
their heads. In making the mould so as to cast the nicks in the several
screws, I employ the moulding box or flask, Figure 4, in which are fixed
several metal blades K, K, from side to side, covered with blacking, to prevent
the hot metal adhering) which correspond with the rows of heads of screws
across the mould. And I make this mould by placing the moulding box or flask,
Figure 4, on the plate, Figure 3, the edges of the nicking blades entering into
the grooves L, L, formed across the plate, Figure 3, and then the sand is
rammed in. It will therefore be seen that the mould for making (at one
time) numerous cast screws is composed by one half being made in a suitable
flask or moulding box on the heading plate, Figure 2, and then submitted to
the machine, Figure 1, the other half of the mould being made by the use
of the plate, Figure 3, and the moulding box or flask, Figure 4, with the
nicking blades; and this will be better understood by examining Figure 5,
where a section of a complete mould as shewn ready for receiving the
metal..
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and. the manuer in
which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the details, so long as the peculiar character of either part
of my Invention be retained; but what I claim is,-
First, the making of the guide screws and pattern screws separate, as herein
described, and the cranked socket No. 4.
Secondly, I claim the applying the spherical joint and apparatus combined
.therewith for lowering and raising the screw apparatus.

page_text: Thirdly, I claim the making of the holes for the stems of screws in the
mould, before subjecting the mould to the operation of the pattern screws.
Fourthly, I claim the making of the sprays at the top of the heads of the
screws, as described.
And, fifthly, I claim the mode of making nicks to the several screws cast
at one time, by nicking blades contained in the mould.
And such my Invention being, to the best of my knowledge and belief,
entirely new, and never before used within that part of Her Majesty's United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion of
Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, or in Her said Majesty's Colonies
and Plantations abroad, I do hereby declare this to be my Specification of the
the same, and I do verily believe this my said Specification doth comply
fully and in all respects without reserve or disguise with the proviso in the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, wherefore I claim to maintain
exclusive right and privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Warren, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of February, One thousand eight
hundred and forty-seven
JAMES (L.S.) WARREN.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-fourth day of February,
in the tenth year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said
James Warren came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and
acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein con-
tained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument afore-
said was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-fifth
year of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Twenty-fifth day of February, One thousand eight hundred
and forty-seven.