IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING SCOTCH OR INGRAIN, CARPETS."
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Marsden, of Halifax, in the County of York,
Mechanic, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
SCOTCH OR INGRAIN, CARPETS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Marsden at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents,, with his Petition, on the
9th September 1867.
I, JOHN MARSDEN, of Halifax, in the County of York, Mechanic, do hereby
declare the nature of.the. said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING SCOTCH OR INGRAIN CARPETS," to be as follows:-
Firstly. My improvements.consist in obtaining a dwell to the batten during
the throw of the shuttle by causing the crank to work in a curved slot formed
in the crank arm or connecting rod, one end of the rod being attached to the
lathe sword and the other end working in a socket or universal joint.
Secondly. My improvements consist in a new combination and arrangement
for working the shuttle boxes and effecting the necessary changes.required for
throwing in the different colored wefts. A series of shuttle boxes is arranged
on each side of the. loom so as to work in a horizontal position in slides
attached to the loom frame. To the under side of each series of boxes is
attached a toothed rack gearing into a pinion fixed to the same axis as the
.

page_text: change or stud wheel, the pins or studs of which are laid hold of by one or
two catch levers selected by the jacquard, and according as one or other of
these levers is brought into action the change wheel is turned in one direction
or the other and a change of boxes takes place. The two catch levers are on
each side of the loom carried by a sliding frame working horizontaly on fixed
bars and receiving motion from a crank arm attached to the driving shaft by
a spring clutch box. A pulley from the crank arm works in a curved slot in
the sliding frame, the motion of which and of the catch levers is thus inter-
mittent. A small connecting rod placed between the two catch levers keeps
them the required distance apart so as to prevent their both acting at the
same time, and the levers themselves are so shaped that during their return
movement after a change of boxes their inclined sides coming into contact
with the pins of the change wheel bring the levers again into their normal
position where they are retained by a latch spring fitting into a suitable recess
in a small arm connected by intermediate apparatus with the catch -levers.
This small arm is 'provided also with other two similar recesses, one on each
side of the first, so as to retain the catches in proper position for acting on the
stud wheel when either of them is selected by the jacquard. "The two rods
from the jacquard for selecting the catch levers are each formed in two parts
connected together by a spring so that in case the jacquard were to get wrong
and both rods, were to act together no breakage would occur. In order to
prevent the pin wheel or shuttle boxes from moving too far during the respective
changes, each series of boxes is provided with a slotted bar, into the recesses
of which a latch bar is caused to rise by means of a tappet whenever a change
of boxes takes place. The clutch box of the crank arm which works the two
catch levers is provided with a lever and spring to keep the two parts of the
clutch together but so as to give way and prevent breakage when the shuttle
fails to box properly. To each of the two clutch levers is attached one end
of a connecting rod, the other ends of which are fixed to a double bell crank
or 1-shaped lever in connection with the stop motion, so that if the parts of
the clutch box at either side of the loom become disengaged the loom is
instantly stopped.
Thirdly. My improvements consist in additional means for preventing
damage to the shuttle when the latter, fails to enter the box, and consists in
cutting away that part of the lathe sword which usually projects. above the
shuttle race, and to which the handrail is ordinarily fixed. According to my
improvement the handrail is supported by a stud fixed at some distance to
the back or front part of the shuttle race and an adjustable guide plate serves
to guide the shuttle after leaving the shed fairly into its box whilst a finger

page_text: carried by the lathe sword brings up the weft to the fell of the cloth to form a
good selvage, but this finger is so arranged as to give way in case it comes in
contact with the shuttle.
Fourthly. My improvements relate to the picking motion, and consist
what I term a double clutch box working as follows:-The picker stick is
fixed to a small lever arm the boss of which is mounted loosely on the top of
the picking shaft. The upper surface of this boss is recessed out in the
form of a square or other suitable form, and the end of the picking shaft
which is also made square projects into this recess; the other part of the
clutch box consists of a lid or cap having on its under surface. a square
projection, the outside of which fits into the square r
recess of the boss, and the
inner part of which projection is itself recessed so as to fit into the square
end of the picking shaft. When the three parts of the clutch are together the
motion of the picking shaft is communicated to the picker stick, but when the
picker is not required to act the jacquard lifts the lid or cap of the clutch box
out of action, and thus the picker. remains at rest. The bottom part of the
picking shaft is also provided with a spring clutch box which gives way to
prevent breakage in case the picker should strike against the end of the shuttle
boxes. By the above arrangement the picker may act consecutively on either
side of the loom any number of times as desired.
Fifthly. My improvements also relate to a new form of "frog" which I
mount so as to turn on a centre, and I attach to an arm forming the lower
part of the "frog" a spring which keeps it in proper position against a fixed
stop, but when the shuttle does not box properly and the "stop rod" con-
sequently comes in contact with the "frog" it overcomes the action of the
spring and causes the lower arm of the frog to strike a little lever connected
with the motion for stopping the loom and at the same time another part of
the frog coming in contact with the same fixed stop before named prevents the
frog being driven too far back.
Sixthly. Another improvement consists in a peculiar method of causing the
trap board of the jacquard during its upward movement to assume an inclined
position so as to form what is termed an even shed. I affix an upright arm
to each end of the trap board, and on studs on the lower parts of these arms
pulleys or bowls are placed which work in vertical slots or slides in the
jacquard framing; there are also similar studs and bowls carried by the
upper ends of these two arms, and during the latter part of the lift of the
trap board the two upper bowls are caused to enter into the inclined parts
formed in the upper ends of the vertical slots of the framework, and thus the
trap board is canted into an inclined position.

page_text: Seventhly. My improved "letting-off motion" consists of a double action
V-shaped brake the two arms of which turn on a common stud or axis and
are of such form as to embrace both sides of a brake pulley having corres-
ponding V-formed periphery fixed on the axis of the warp beam. Each arm
of the brake is attached to a connecting rod, and these two rods at their other
ends are fixed to the same lever in such positions that the motion of this
lever tightens or slackens both arms of the break simultaneously. Tension is
given to the warp threads in the usual way by a weighted lever fixed at one
end of the axis of the yarn or whip roller and another small arm is fixed at
the opposite end of this axis, which as the warp is taken up in weaving acts
upon the lever connected with the friction break so as slightly to relieve the
beam and unwind the warp when a spring brings the break again into action
and holds the warp firmly as before. A similar V-shaped brake and pulley
worked by the lathe sword may also be applied to the axis of the yarn roller
to hold the warp firmly as the lay beats up the weft.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Marsden in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th February 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
MARSDEN, of Halifax, in the County of York, Mechanic, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Iler
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Marsden, Her special licence that I, the said John Marsden, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Marsden, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING SCOTCH OR INGRAIN CARPETS," upon the condition (amongst others).
that I, the said John Marsden, my executors or auministrators, by an instru-
ment. in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE,. that I, the said John Marsden, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed; to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
Firstly. My improvements consist in obtaining a dwell to the batten during
the throw of the shuttle by causing the crank to work in a curved slot formed.
in the connecting rod or arm, one end of the rod or arm being attached to
the lathe sword, and the other end working in a socket or universal joint.
Secondly. My improvements consist in a new combination and arrangement
for working the shuttle boxes and effecting the necessary changes required for.
throwing in the different colored wefts.
A series of shuttle boxes is arranged on each side the loom so as to work
in a horizontal position in slides attached to a loom frame. To the under side
of each series of boxes is attached a toothed rack gearing into a pinion fixed to
the same axis as the change or stud wheel, the pins or studs of which are laid
hold of by one of two catch levers selected by the jacquard, and according as
one or other of these levers is brought into action the change wheel is turned
in one direction or the other, and a change of boxes takes place. The two
catch levers are on each side of the loom carried by a sliding frame working
horizontally on fixed bars, and receiving motion from a crank arm attached to
the driving shaft by a spring clutch box. A pulley from the crank arm works
in a curved slot in the sliding frame, the motion of which and of the catch
levers is thus intermittent. A small connecting rod placed between the two
catch levers keeps them the required distance apart, so. as to prevent their
both acting at the same time, and the levers themselves are so shaped that
during their return movement after a change of boxes their inclined sides
coming into contact with the pins of the change wheel bring the levers again
into their normal position, where they are retained by a latch spring fitting
into a suitable recess in a small arm connected by intermediate apparatus with
the catch levers. The small arm is provided also with other two similar
recesses, one on each side of the first, so as to retain the catches in proper
position for acting on the stud wheel when either of them is selected by the
jacquard. The two rods from the jacquard for selecting the catch levers are
each formed in two parts connected together by a spring, so that in case the
jacquard were to get wrong and both rods were to act together no breakage
would occur.
In order to prevent the pin wheel or shuttle boxes from moving
too far during the respective changes, each series of boxes is provided with a

page_text: slotted bar into the recesses of which a latch bar is caused to rise by means
of a tappet whenever a change of boxes takes place. The clutch box of the.
crank arm which works the two catch levers is provided with a lever and spring
to keep the two parts of the clutch together, but so as to give way to prevent
breakage when the shuttle fails to box properly. To each of the two clutch
levers is attached one end of a connecting rod, the other ends of which are fixed
to a double bell-crank or 1-shaped lever in connection with the stop motion,
so that if the parts of the clutch box at either side of the loom become
disengaged the loom is instantly stopped.
Thirdly. My improvements consist in additional means for preventing
damage to the shuttle when the latter fails to enter the box, and consists in
cutting away that part of the lathe sword which usually projects above the
shuttle race, and to which the handrail is ordinarily fixed. According to my
improvement the handrail is supported by a stud fixed at some distance to
the back or front part of the shuttle race, and an adjustable guide plate serves
to guide the shuttle after leaving the shed fairly into its box, whilst a finger
carried by the lathe sword brings up the weft to the fell of the cloth to form a
good selvage, but this finger is so arranged as to give way in case it comes in
contact with the shuttle.
Fourthly: My improvements relate to the picking motion, and consist of
what I-term a double-clutch box working as follows:-The picker stick is
fixed to a small lever arm, the boss of which is mounted loosely on the top of
the picking shaft. The upper surface of this boss is recessed out in the form
of a square or other suitable form, and the end of the picking shaft, which is
also made square, projects into this recess. The other part of the clutch box
consists of a lid or cap having on its under surface a square projection, the
outside of which fits into the square recess of the boss, and the inner part of
which projection is itself recessed so as to fit on to the square end of the
picking shaft. When the three parts of the clutch are together the motion of
the picking shaft is communicated to the picker stick, but when the picker is
not required to act the jacquard lifts the lid or cap of the clutch box out of
action, and thus the picker remains at rest. The bottom part of the picking
shaft is also provided with a spring clutch box, which gives way to prevent
breakage in case the picker should strike against the end of the shuttle boxes.
By the above arrangement the picker may act consecutively on either side of
the loom any number of times, as desired.
Fifthly. My improvements also relate, to a new form of "frog," which
I mount so as to turn on a centre, and I attach to an arm forming the lower
part of the "frog" a spring which keeps it in proper position against a fixed

page_text: +
stop, but when the shuttle does not box properly, and the "stop rod" con-
sequently comes in contact with the "frog," it overcomes the action of the
spring, and causes the lower arm of the frog to strike a little lever connected
with the motion for stopping the loom, and at the same time another part of
the frog coming in contact with the same fixed stop before named prevents the
frog being driven too far back. "
Sixthly. My improved "letting-off motion" consists in a double-action
V-shaped brake, the two arms of which turn on a common stud or axis, and
are of such form as to embrace both sides of a brake pulley having corre-
sponding V-formed periphery fixed on the axis of the warp beam. Each arm
of the brake is attached to a connecting rod, and these two rods at their other
ends are fixed to the same lever in such positions that the motion of this lever
tightens or slackens both arms of the brake simultaneously. Tension is given
to the warp threads in the usual way by a weighted lever fixed at one end of
the axis of the yarn or whip roller, and another small arm is fixed at the
opposite end of this axis, which as the warp is taken up in weaving acts upon
the lever connected with the friction brake so as slightly to relieve the beam
and unwind the warp, when a spring brings the brake again into action, and
holds the warp firmly as before. A similar V-shaped brake and pulley worked
by the lathe sword may also be applied to the axis of the yarn roller to hold
the warp firmly as the ley beats up the weft.
In order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect,, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed which
represent a loom in which the several improvements above described are
embodied.
The first improvement, which consists in a mode of giving motion to the
batten, is most clearly seen on Sheet 1 of the Drawings, the batten and parts
in connection therewith being shewn separately on this Sheet.
side view, and Figure 2 a plan view of these parts of the loom.
Figure 1 is a
a is one of the lathe swords, there being one such sword at each side of the
loom as usual. To the upper end of each sword is jointed one end of a
connecting rod or arm 6, in which is formed a curved slot 6' to receive the
pin of a crank c¹ on the crank shaft c. The portion of the arm 6 in which
the curved slot is formed is divided into two parts bolted together, as clearly
seen at Figure 1. One of the parts is formed in one piece with the end of the
arm that is jointed to the lathe sword, and the other part has attached to it a
rod 62, the rod 62 thus forms a continuation of the connecting rod, and it is
according to my Invention supported by and capable of sliding endwise to and
fro through the tubular guide d; and to allow the inclination of the
arm to

page_text: vary as the batten is moved to and fro the tubular guide d is supported on
horizontal axes d' turning in bearings carried by short projections standing
out from the inner side of the framing of the loom.
In Figures 1 and 2 is also shewn my improved manner of constructing the
batten of a loom, the lathe sword a being cut away at that part which usually
projects above the shuttle race, and the handrail e being supported by rods or
studs e fixed 'to'curved arms ea which stand out from the back of the shuttle
race. f,f, are fingers jointed to the lathe swords, and constantly acted on by
spiral springs f, as shewn, which are of sufficient strength to cause the fingers
to press forward' the weft threads to the fell of the cloth, but which would
give way if they came in contact with the shuttle, by this means additional
"security is obtained in that class of looms in which the shuttle boxes are
detached from the ley for the prevention of damage to the shuttle when the
latter fails properly to enter its box.
At Figure 3, Sheet 2, is shewn a side view of the loom; at Figure 4,
Sbeet 3, a vertical 'section; and at: Figure' 5, Sheet 4; a plan of one side of the
same. These Figures show clearly the manner in which I prefer to carry out
the improvements described under the second head of the Specification. In
these Figures g, g, are the series of shuttle boxes, there being one' such series
on each side of the loom. The manner in which each series of shuttle boxes
is formed is most clearly seen in the sectional view of the shuttle boxes, shewn
on a larger scale at Figure 6, Sheet 5; each box is provided, as is usual, with
a shuttle binder, and is screwed at its ends to a metal frame g*, which is
formed with a feather g¹ projecting from each of its sides; the feather on the
side of the frame which is towards the loom is received in a groove in a metal
bar h bolted to the standard A of the main framing of the loom, and the
feather on the outer side of the frame of boxes is received in a similar groove
in a bar h¹ bolted to the top of the outer standard B of the framing. On the
under side of the frame of shuttle boxes is a rack 92, into which gears a
pinion k
on the axis k, upon which axis is the pin or stud wheel k², so that by
turning the pin or stud wheel the frame of shuttle boxes can be moved in.
either direction required. 1, 1, are two catch levers formed with forks at
their ends; which act on the studs 3 of the stud wheel k²; the levers / at their
opposite end are jointed to a sliding frame m, which is formed with four
bosses m¹, which are suitably bored to allow of their sliding to and fro on the
two 'parallel rods n, n; these rods are fixed at one end by bolts to a projection
standing out from the outer standard B of the framing of the loom. The
frame m has a curved slot m² formed in it similar to the curved slot in the
connecting rod or arm of the batten. In the slot m³ is received the pin of a

page_text: crank on the crank shaft c; the arms of this crank are on 'the same radial-
line as the arms of the crank c', so that the sliding frame will be held stationary.
at the same time as the batten, and during this 'time the shuttle is thrown, as
will presently be described. As soon as the batten commences to move forward
the frame m will likewise move forward, and if either one or other of the
forks of the catch levers has been brought into a position to take hold of
one or other of the studs on the stud wheel it will turn the stud wheel a
distance in one or other direction, and then the pinion on the axis of the
stud wheel will traverse the sliding frame g of shuttle boxes to a distance equal
to the width of one box. The two catch levers are connected together by a
rod 12, and by this means the forks at their outer ends are held at such a'
distance apart that they cannot both be acting simultaneously on the studs of the
stud wheel. The lower catch lever is connected by a rod 13 to a lever arm o* .
on a shaft o; on this shaft are two other arms o** carrying pins, which pass
through slots p¹ in rods p passing from the jacquard apparatus: The shaft o
also carries a curved arc o¹, in which are three notches or recesses o³, into one
or other of which the end of the spring catch'q enters; the shaft o can thus be
held fast in either of three positions; o³ is a counterbalance weight on the
shaft o. The rods p which pass to the jacquard' are made in two parts con-
nected together by a telescopic joint, which is drawn together by a spring p,
so that if through any error in the jacquard both rods were caused to act
together no breakage would occur; the working of these rods by the jacquard
takes place during the time the sliding frame is at rest. If the rod p working
with the right-hand end of the lever (as seen in Figure 3) be raised by the.
jacquard then the catch levers will both be raised, and will
spring catch entering the left-hand notch of the curved arc.
have been raised into this position the lower catch lever will when the
frame m is moved forward take hold of one of the studs on the stud wheel,
and turn the wheel in such a direction that the pinion k¹ on its axis shall shift
the frame of shuttle boxes g a distance equal to the width of one box towards
the back of the loom; if the rod p working with the left-hand end of the lever
(in Figure 3) be raised by the jacquard then the catch levers would be
lowered, and the upper catch lever would act on the stud wheel; thereby.
turning this wheel in a direction to move the frame of shuttle boxes towards
the front of the loom. If neither of the rods be raised by the jacquard then
neither of the catch levers will act on the stud wheel, and the position of the
frame of shuttle boxes will not be shifted. m³ are stops fixed by bolts to the
sliding frame m; these stops are for preventing the catch levers being raised.
or lowered too far. If the catch levers have either been raised or lowered,
be held
up by the
When the levers

page_text: and so caused on the forward movement of the frame m to act on the stud
wheel, they will as the frame m is moved back be brought back to their.
original central position by the inclines on one or other of the catch levers 7;
being brought against one of the studs on the stud wheel, the stud wheel.
being at this time locked and prevented from turning by the bolt or catch.";
which holds the frame of shuttle boxes from moving. The action of this catch:
I will now explain:-On the under side of the frame of shuttle boxes, is a,
notched bar g³, and when the boxes are to be held fast the bolt r carried by the,
framing is pressed up into one or other of these notches, the bolt r at its
lower end is for this purpose connected to one arm of a lever, the other arm;
of which is drawn downwards by a springs; this arm also carries a roller r²,
This cam acts upon the
which is acted on by a cam t¹ on the cam shaft t.
roller just before the time that the shuttle boxes have to be shifted, and by
raising this roller it withdraws the bolt r from the notched bar 93, and so sets.
the shuttle box frame free to be moved in either direction,, and this motion is
repeated for every revolution of the crank shaft.. Whenever a change of boxes
takes place, and just before the change is fully completed, the cam surface t¹
recedes from the bowl 3, and allows the springs to raise the bolt r into
contact with the notched bar 9³, so that immediately one of the notched
recesses arrives opposite the bolt the latter at once locks into it, and prevents
the further movement of the boxes.
The spring clutch box. by which the crank arm is connected with the
crank shaft c, and which bas to give way whenever the shuttle fails to box
properly, is shewn separately on a larger scale at Figures 7 and 8 (Sheet 5);
in these Figures c is the end of the crank shaft, on which is a collar c³ which
can slide endwise on the shaft, but is prevented from turning around it by a
feather. On the collar is a projection c* which enters a corresponding recess
in the boss of the crank arm c³, the collar is pressed constantly towards the
boss by the lever u, which is connected by means of the rod u to one end of a
coiled spring u² (see Figure 5), which at its other end is fixed to the framing
of the loom. If the shuttle fails to box properly and projects beyond the end
of the shuttle box, the crank arm will not turn with the crank shaft but the
collar c³ will be pressed backwards, and by overpowering the spring u² will
turn the lever u on its axis. The end of the lever u which is attached to the
coiled spring has also a rod v passed through it, this rod is capable of sliding
to and fro through guides y¹ on the framing, and a collar v¹ upon it is con-
stantly drawn against the side of the lever u by a small coiled spring v², one
end of which is fixed to the rod, and the other to the framing of the loom.
The rod v is connected to one arm of the T lever w, and to the opposite arm

page_text: of this lever is attached a connecting rod w¹ which passes through another
catch lever u on the opposite side of the loom in a similar manner to that
already described in reference to the rod 'v, so that if either of the clutch levers
at one or the other side of the loom be turned the T lever w will be turned
likewise, and the third arm of this lever being connected by the rod w with'
the disengaging gear of the loom the loom will at once be stopped. The'
engaging and disengaging gear of the loom is not shown in the Drawing as its
construction is well understood.
I will now describe more fully that part of my Invention which relates to
the picking motion. ¹ is the picker staff bolted to the quadrant, the boss.
of which can turn loosely around the upper end of the picking shaft y which
is supported in suitable bearings bolted to the framing of the loom, the boss
of the quadrant can however be made fast with the picking shaft by a clutch
operated by the jacquard; this clutch is shewn separately on a larger scale at
Figures 9, 10, and 11 (Sheet 5). The upper portion of the boss is recessed
out in a square form, as seen most clearly in the sectional view Figure 9, and
the end of the picking shaft which projects up into this recess is similarly made
square in section, or in place of the end of the shaft and the recess being
square they might be of other form. is the lid or cap which fits over the
end of the picking shaft, and also fits into the recess in the boss x³, so that if
the cap be lowered into the recess in the boss the picker staff will be made
fast on its shaft, and if the cap be raised out of the recess the picker staff will
be loose on the shaft. To govern the raising and lowering of the cap a
rod z¹ fixed to the top of the cap is by levers connected to the jacquard;
by this arrangement the order in which the shuttles are thrown from the two
sides of the loom is very readily governed as the picker on either side of the
loom, may by the jacquard be caused to act consecutively for any desired.
number of times. The Drawings shew the pickers x to be each supported
by two picker rods ³, which are above the frames of shuttle boxes, and
are carried at their ends by short standards a bolted to the framing of the
loom.
In order to prevent breakage in case the picker should strike against the
end of the shuttle boxes the picking shaft has motion transmitted to it through
a spring clutch box; this clutch box is shewn separately on a larger scale at
Figures 12 and 13, Sheet 5, and is similar to that shown at Figures 7 and 8,
except that in this case the two parts of the clutch are drawn together by a
coiled spring in the manner shewn in the side view, Figure 12. "The lower
half of the clutch (which if the parts of the clutch are not held together turns
freely around the picking shaft) is by a strap (1) connected to the longer armu

page_text: of a lever (2), the shorter arm of which lever is at intervals struck by a
tappet (3) carried by a disc on the cam shaft, and thus a partial rotary motion
is at intervals given to the lower half of the clutch box, and this motion is
through the clutch transmitted to the picking shaft, but if this shaft is not free
to turn in consequence of the picker having struck against the end of a shuttle
box then the spring clutch gives way and no injury arises.
When the tappet
has passed beyond the end of the short arm of the lever (2) the picking shaft
is brought back to its former position by a strap passing from it to a coiled
spring (4) carried by the framing of the loom. The picker staff is also
similarly drawn back by another spring 4* connected by a strap to the boss c².
As a shuttle passes across the space between the end of its box and the shuttle
race it is supported on a plate 9' which carries the weft detector, as is usual,
and the shuttle is guided correctly into the shed by a plate g³ which is made
adjustable in every direction, as shown in the separate view of these parts at
Figures 14 and 15.
i
My fifth improvement which relates to a new form of frog, is seen most
clearly in Figures 1 and 2, Sheet 1; (5) is the frog mounted on a stud carried
by the framing of the loom; (6) is a fixed stop which is received in a slot or.
recess (5*) in the frog and which limits the distance the frog can be turned in
both directions; (5**) is a lever arm forming the lower part of the frog, and
to the lower end of this lever is attached a coiled spring (7) which ordinarily
holds the lower end of the slot in the frog against the fixed stop (6); if
however the shuttle fails properly to enter its box the pawl or stop rod (8)
carried by an axis (9) passing from side to side of the batten will engage with
the notch in the frog, and when the batten is moved forward this stop rod will
by overpowering the spring (7) turn the frog until the top of the slot (5*)
comes against the fixed stop (6); when the frog is, thus turned the lever (5**)
strikes against the small lever (10) which by the rod (11) is connected with
the disengaging gear of the loom, and by turning this lever the loom is
disengaged from the driving gear and at once stopped. If the shuttle properly
enters its box at one or other side of the Icom then the stop rod (8) is for
a time raised up so that it shall not act on the notch in the frog; by reason of
the shuttle binder coming against and depressing the upper arm of the
lever (12), the lower arm of which lever then presses down a short arm (9*)
on the axis of the stop rod, and so raises and holds up the stop rod until its
forward end has by the forward movement of the batten been carried beyond
the notch in the frog.
My last improvement, which relates to a let-off motion, is shewn at Figures 18
and 19, Sheet 6. In these Figures a is the warp beam, on the axis of which

page_text: is a brake pulley b; c, c, are two curved arins both turning on one pin d
below the brake pulley, the brake pulley has a V groove formed around it and
the curved arms are of a'corresponding form. From the upper ends of these
arms rods e pass to pins f which enter into slots in the lever g. The upper end
of the lever is constantly acted on by a coiled spring h, so as to turn the lever
into the position shewn at Figure 18, the ends of the slots in the lever will
then draw upwards the rods e attached to the ends of the curved friction levers
and cause these levers to press against the circumference of the brake pulley.
When more warp is required a lever arm on the axis; of the whip roller, over
which the warps pass in the usual manner, comes against the brake lever
arm g, and overcoming the spring h turns this arm and diminishes the friction
on the brake pulley, and so lets off or unwinds a portion of the warp. A
similar brake is applied to the axis of the whip roller over which the yarns
are led; the lower end k of the brake lever of this break is by a rod / con-
nected to the batten so that as the batten moves forward to beat up the
weft the brake lever will be turned, thereby bringing the curved friction
levers in contact with the brake wheel and so holding fast the axis of the
brake wheel at the time of the beat up.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, would have it understood that what I claim is,―
First. The combined arrangement herein described for giving motion to the
batten of a loom.
Secondly. The combined arrangement of apparatus herein described for
working the shuttle boxes.
Thirdly. The giving motion to a sliding frame (carrying catch levers to
actuate a stud wheel) by the combined arrangement herein described of a
crank working in a curved slot in the sliding frame, the crank being connected
to its shaft by a spring clutch box. Also the connecting such spring clutch
with the stop motion as herein described.
Fourthly. The combining two catch levers (formed with inclines and
coupled together) with a recessed arc and catch as herein described.
Fifthly. The transmitting motion to the catch levers from the jacquard
through rods divided into two parts held together by a spring, as herein
described.
Sixthly. The employing a locking bolt to engage with notches or recesses
in a sliding frame of shuttle boxes, and retain the boxes in position as herein
described.
J
Seventhly. The combined arrangement herein described for preventing

page_text: Eighthly. The making, the picker; staff fast or loose, on the picking shaft by
the combined arrangement of clutching parts herein described.
Ninthly. The constructing the frog of a loom in the manner herein
described:
Lastly. The combined arrangement of: apparatus herein described for
letting off the warp; and: also. for holding the warp firmly at the time of the
beat up.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Marsden, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
JOHN MARSDEN. (L.S.)