A NEW AND USEPUL OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND VENTILATING A BUILDING
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Hale, of the State of Massachusetts, of
the United States of America, for the Invention of "A NEW AND USEPUL
OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND VENTILATING A BUILDING,"
A communication from John Sawver.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Thomas Hale at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Declaration, on the
9th June 1857, pursuant to the 9th section of the Patent Law Amend-
ment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME,
BE IT KNOWN that I, THOMAS HALE, of the State of Massachusetts, of
the United States of America, am in possession of "A NEW AND USEFUL OR
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND VENTILATING A BUILDING," the same
having been communicated to me by one John Sawyer, a foreigner residing
abroad; and I do hereby declare that the nature of the same, and the manner
in which it is to be performed or used, are fully described and represented in
the following Specification and the accompanying Drawings, of which Figure 1
exhibits a front elevation of the same; Figure 2, a side view of it; Figure 3,
a central, vertical, and longitudinal section of it; Figure 4 is a top view.
In the Drawings, A exhibits an air-heating chamber, within which there is
arranged a smoke funnel or discharge flue B, the same being carried vertically
through said chamber and opening out of an auxiliary stove or fireplace C,
arranged inside of the chamber A, as seen in the the. Drawings. Without the

page_text: said chamber. A there may be arranged a stove D [for cooking or heat-
ing], having a winding or spiral funnel or discharge pipe E, arranged so as to
extend around and open into the smoke funnel B, herein-before mentioned.
Directly over the air-heating chamber A, the smoke-funnel B is surrounded
concentrically by a hot-air flue F, which rises above the same and passes
through a ventilating chamber G, arranged above and on the top of the air-
heating chamber A, as seen in the Drawings.
· Passages a, a, b, b, are formed through both the top and the bottom of the
ventilating chamber, the said passages having applied to them slide valves c, c,
d, d, by which they may be opened or closed, either in whole or in part, as
occasion may require. The hot-air flue F at each of its ends is also provided
with slide valves, arranged as seen at e, e, in Figure 4, the rods of the two
lower valves of the said hot-air flue being exhibited at f,f, in Figure 2. Each
of said valves is formed with a semicircular recess, or so as to embrace 180°
of the smoke flue, and cover that much of the horizontal section of the air
flue extending around the smoke flue, each set of valves being arranged and
applied so that its two valves may be moved in opposite directions. From
the hot-air chamber A. one or more pipes H may extend, so as to carry or lead
heated air to one or more apartments in a story [of a building], which may be
supposed to be arranged directly over the hot-air chamber, it being understood
that the height of the hot-air chamber is to correspond with or be about equal
to that of the lowermost story of the building in which the heating and venti-
lating apparatus may be arranged.
In the application of such heating apparatus to a building, it is intended
that the air-heating chamber A shall be placed in the lowest story thereof, and
also that the ventilating chamber shall extend into the second as well as into
each of the other stories that may be in the same building; or each story may
have its separate ventilating chamber, in which case the several ventilating
chambers would be disposed one over the other, and having connection
passages and closing valves to the same. The upper part or end of the air-
heating chamber, or the upper one of the series should be made to open into
or to have pipés of communication with the atmosphere, whereby the foul air
which may be received into the ventilating chamber may be suffered to escapo
into the external atmosphere.
In order to ventilate one or more stories through which the ventilating
chamber may pass, openings or pipes I, K, [see Figures 1. and 2,] may be
made in or let into the ventilating chamber from any room or rooms of said
story, or from the upper and lower portions of any one room thereof; and
should it be desirable to heat any of the rooms by means of separate stoves or

page_text: fireplaces, they may be made to communicate with the main smoke flue or
funnel B by lateral pipes, as seen at L, M, in Figure 3. One or more
dampers N, O, may be arranged in the smoke discharge flue, as seen in
Figure 3, the rods being shown at g,g, in Figure 2. By means of the hot-air,
flue F, extending through the ventilating chamber G and surrounding the
main smoke flue, not only may hot air be conveyed from the hot-air chamber
A into the third story of the building, but the air passing up such flue may not
only be further heated by that part of the smoke flue which is surrounded by
the air flue, but said air may be used to impart heat to the ventilating chamber
so as to improve its ventilating powers or properties.
The object of the lower set of valves of the ventilating chamber is to allow
of the escape of hot air from the hot-air chamber whenever there may be a
surplus of the same, and particularly in summer or warm weather, when it may
not be desirable to use the apparatus for warming the apartments.
I am aware that a smoke pipe has been enclosed in a casing, so as to leave
a space around the said pipe for the reception and heating of external air and
carrying the same into one or more apartments of a building; therefore, I do
not claim such; but having made a peculiar combination and arrangement of
the smoke pipe, air-heating chamber, hot-air flue, and ventilating chamber,
my Invention rests thereon, and, consequently, what I claim is,-
The above-described arrangement of the ventilating chamber G with the
main hot-air flue F, the smoke flue B, and air-heating chamber A, the venti-
lating chamber and hot-air flue, having valves applied to them as specified, the
whole being capable of being used in heating and ventilating the apartments
or stories of a building.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my signature and seal, this
D 10
THOMAS HALE. (L.S.)