A SELF-MAINTAINING MOTIVE POWER OBTAINED FROM WATER, AIR, OR ANY OTHER FLUID OR LIQUID
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert George Barrow, of No. 15, Wade Street,
Poplar, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of
"A SELF-MAINTAINING MOTIVE POWER OBTAINED FROM WATER, AIR, OR ANY
OTHER FLUID OR LIQUID."
Sealed the 30th December 1856, and dated the 20th October 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert George Barrow
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th October 1856.
I, ROBERT GEORGE BARROW, of No. 15, Wade Street, Poplar, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A SELF-MAINTAINING MOTIVE POWER OBTAINED FROM WATER, AIR, OR ANY
OTHER FLUID OR LIQUID," to be as follows:-
My first and second claims consist of a combination of mechanical arrange-
ments, and the Invention and construction of certain parts of the machinery
so employed or used, for imparting and transmitting the force or power in
the directions required, and for obtaining motion thereby; such mechanical
inventions and arrangements not being confined to one form or position of
machinery, but in every position or form in which such machinery can or may
be applied, whether wholly or in part.

page_text: Third claim. In the modification of the motion or travelling of the piston
in the cylinder (as in the present method of obtaining motive power), and the
consequent economy of liquids or fluids used for obtaining force or power, the
motion so obtained is maintained by a fractional part of the power so obtained.
I claim being the only and true Inventor of the machinery employed, and its
application to all purposes requiring motion, and I claim the use of such ma-
chinery or parts of such machinery for obtaining motion in any and every
manner and position in which they can be placed or applied.
The method of obtaining motive power, self-sustaining, is as follows:-I
make a double-acting force pump of one half the diameter of the cylinder,
and attach to it a receiver with an hemispherical top (air-tight), and I force
water or air into this receiver with the pump until I attain the pressure on
the square inch required. I then attach or connect the pump to the engine,
and it will maintain the supply in the receiver for any definite period required
as long as all the joints are tight and in working order. From the receiver.
to the cylinder, is a.communication by means of a pipe and tap for letting on
and shutting off the supply to the cylinder, which supply is conducted to the
proper side of the piston by means of a slide valve.
SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by George Vernon
Driver, of No. 2, Lower Grosvenor Place, Pimlico, in the County of
Middlesex, Surgeon, Edward Moss, of 23, Moorgate Street, in the City
of London, Solicitor, and Frederick Augustus Barrow, of 14, Turners
Court, Glasgow, North Britain, Commission Agent, Executors of the last
Will and Testament of the said Robert George, Barrow, deceased, in the
Great Seal Patent Office, on the 11th May 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
VERNON DRIVER, of No. 2, Lower Grosvenor Place, Pimlico, in the County
of Middlesex, Surgeon, EDWARD Moss, of 23, Moorgate Street, in the City of
London, Solicitor, and FREDERICK AUGUSTUS BARROW, of 14, Turners Court,
Glasgow, North Britain, Commission Agent, Executors of the last Will' and
Testament of Robert George Barrow, late of No. 15, Wade Street, East
India Road, Poplar, in the said County of Middlesex, Engineer, deceased,
send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto the said
Robert George Barrow Her special. license that he, the said Robert George
Barrow, his executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as he, the
said Robert George Barrow, his executors, administrators, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A SELF-
MAINTAINING MOTIVE POWER OBTAINED PROM WATER, AIR, OR ANY OTHER FLUID
OB LIQUID," upon the condition (amongst others) that he, the said Robert
George Barrow, his executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under his, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
And whereas the said Robert George Barrow duly made, signed, and pub-
lished his last will and testament in writing, bearing date the Seventh day
of March, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, and thereby appointed
the said George Vernon Driver, Edward Moss, and Frederick Augustus
Barrow executors of his said will: And whereas the said Robert George
Barrow departed this life on or about the Eighth day of March, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-seven, without having altered or revoked his said will,
and the same was, on or about the Twenty-eighth day of April, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-seven, duly proved by the said executors in the Pre-
rogative Court of the Archbishop of Canterbury: And whereas the said
George Vernon Driver, Edward Moss, and Frederick Augustus Barrow, as
such executors as aforesaid, did, on or about the Seventh day of April, One
thousand eight, hundred and fifty-seven, 'present their Petition to the Com-
missioners of Patents for Inventions, praying, amongst other things, that an
extension of time might be granted to them under the provisions of the
"Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852," for filing such Complete Specification:
And whereas by an Order of the Lord Chancellor made in the matter of the
said Petition, dated the Eighth day of April, One thousand eight hundred and

page_text: fifty-seven, it was ordered that the time for filing such Complete Specification
should be extended to the Sixteenth day of May, One thousand eight hundred.
and fifty-seven:
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said George Vernon Driver, Edward Moss,:
and Frederick Augustus Barrow, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner. the same is to be performed, to be par-.
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement (that.
is to say):
In the construction of all the mechanical arrangements indicated on the:
Drawings for suspending and moving what we term the main lever or central
shaft, and to make such shaft or lever move in any or to any position:
required, and a central ring or box suspended on a frame by two trunnions.
(which are attached to the ring or box) in bearings to allow the ring or box.
to oscillate, and in this central ring or box, and at right angles to the.
trunnions on the ring or box, bearings are constructed (on the rim of said ring
or box) to carry a shaft, which extends across the diameter of the ring or
box, and on this shaft is placed our main lever or beam, and by this means
we can move our main lever or beam to any position required, as it moves on.
a universal centre.
The use or application of toothed wheels, bands, or chains for giving motion
in the directions required, and for transmitting the force or power derived.
from the piston to the opposite end of the main lever or beam on the universal
centre box or ring, and for an internal or semi-internal sun and planet wheels.
or segments of wheels for receiving the force or power transmitted from the
piston, and exerting the force so obtained on the opposite end of the lever
from the cylinder, and in the management of such wheels and segment of
wheels are used both internal sun wheels or external sun wheels, or segments
of sun wheels to suit the purpose, and to regulate the velocity of all the parts
comprising such machinery, and also are fixed horizontal radial slides to
receive the force transmitted from one side of the main lever to the other side
or end. In the construction of the machinery used is placed on the end of
the main lever nearest the cylinder a toothed wheel keyed fast to the main
lever, and also a socket (loose) or boss bored to fit the main lever, and of
sufficient length to allow a crank or lever attached to it to extend to and
couple with the piston rod, and also to attach a stud to it on the opposite side s
from the crank to the piston, said stud to carry a wheel, which is in gear with
wheel keyed on the main lever, and also is in gear with another wheel which

page_text: in
runs loose on the lever, and which is again in gear with either one or two:
wheels, which are placed on a carrier shaft placed at right angles with the
main lever, and collared fast to it, the ends of such carrier shaft having on it.
friction rollers, which rollers are fitted in horizontal slides radiating from the.
centre of centre box and centre of main lever, the main lever where it is
suspended being so arranged that it can turn freely on its own axis (in--
dependently of the motion imparted to it by the universal centre box), such:
motion (revolving) being arrested and prevented by the aforesaid slides. Two
wheels (loose) are placed one on each side of the main lever (also toothed) to:
rotate on this cross shaft, and both those wheels are in gear with the-wheel-
on the cylinder end of the lever. On the opposite end of the main lever is
another corresponding wheel, and in gear also with the two wheels which are
on the cross shaft, thus all four wheels are in gear and united, so that in
whichever position the lever is moved they will always remain in gear. Now,:
on the opposite end of the lever from the cylinder and to the wheel (which is
gear
with the two wheels on the cross shaft) is connected and attached by a:
a boss (extending along the main lever) another wheel, which we term 'a:
planet wheel, which said planet wheel works in a fixed or sun wheel, or
segment of sun wheel, or ring, or segment of ring, having on teeth radiating:
from the centre of the main lever, but not in any way connected with centre:
box or lever, but fixed independently to the framing on which the centre box
is suspended. Now, when all is in gear, and when the planet wheel is put in :
gear with the fixed segment or internal (sun) wheel, which wheel is double
the radius of the planet wheel, the main lever is always at an angle of:
forty-five degrees (or any other angle which may be required) to a centre line :
drawn through the trunnions of the cylinder and the centre of the point of
suspension of the main lever, and the crank or lever on and attached to the
wheel on the main lever at the cylinder end being placed at right angles with:
its own axis, it will extend and join to the piston rod on the cylinder, and the:
connection is complete. Also in the arrangement of toothed wheels or parts:
of wheels to receive all the force produced and exerted on the piston, and :
transmitting the force, and also for producing the requisite velocity required, :
and in the arrangement of slides, horizontal and radial, to the centre to receive
the force transmitted, and arrest the main shaft or lever from turning on its
own axis. It is evident, therefore, in the construction of this machinery, that
the lever or crank on the wheel and to the piston rod at one end of the lever,
and the radius of the planet wheel at the other end, are nearly equidistant:

page_text: from the centre of the main lever, but their proportions are to each other in
length, as two to one, thus. at once: and simply doubling the force on the piston
on the planet wheel end of the lever, and. this planet wheel, though but one-half
the diameter of the fixed or sun wheel, yet in one revolution of this planet
wheel on its own axis. it makes, the complete circuit of the; fixed or sun wheel.
As soon as motion is imparted by the strain on the piston acting upon this
machinery, the main lever moves in the. opposite direction of the force (and
by:so doing the piston merely oscillates or rotates as the main lever moves,
and the space in the cylinder and on either side of the piston does not require
to be the length of the stroke. of the engine, but only requires clearance
sufficient to prevent the piston and cylinder cover and cylinder bottom coming
in contact, and for play or backlash of the machinery), and by such motions
being imparted, (that is to say) moving in, the opposite direction of the force
applied, it is evident that the pistón does not travel in the cylinder as in the
present. method. of obtaining motive power, but allows the piston to receive all
the force.derived. (either from cold water, steam, compressed air, or any other
suitable.agent), and oscillate or rotate as if on. a centre, to suit the motion
of the main lever. By: such arrangements as set forth above, when the
machinery is placed in certain positions the force or power (transmitted
thro' the wheels, and consequently acting upon their (the wheels) respective
bearings:or. shafts), is at an angle.with the aforesaid horizontal slides according
to the angle of the main lever, and. consequently a motion is produced in-
dependently of the equilibrium of forces caused, and by the action on the
piston at one end of the lever, and by the effect transmitted and restrained by
such wheels and lever acting on a centre stud or pin at the other end of the
lever.
In the arrangement, and by the use and application of the aforesaid parts
and arrangements comprised above, we claim the Invention of restraining or
arresting the motion or travel of the piston to a very small distance compared
with the present method of obtaining motive power, and consequently econo-
mising the greater part of pressure, either fluid or liquid, used, and by so doing
making the machinery self-maintaining in its motion, such economy being
produced and maintained by making the machinery to move instead of the
piston travelling in the cylinder."
The method for obtaining motive power self-sustaining is as follows:-A
double-acting force pump is made of one-half the diameter of the cylinder,
and attached to it a receiver with an hemispherical top (air-tight), and water

page_text: or air is forced into this receiver with the pump until the pressure on the
square inch required is attained. The pump is then attached or connected' to
the engine, and it will maintain the supply in the receiver for any definite
period required as long as all the joints are tight and in working order.
From the receiver to the cylinder is a communication by means of a pipe and
tap for letting on and shutting off the supply to the cylinder, which supply is
conducted to the proper side of the piston by means of a slide, valve, and if
steam be used or the pressure be obtained from a natural head of water, then
the pump is not required, and there will be an increase of power in the engine
of about fifteen to twenty per cent. The rotary motion is thus obtained:-
On the end of the main lever and behind the planet wheel is a crank or lever,
which is again attached, placed on a line with the cylinder, trunnions, and
centre of main lever, and this shaft vibrates, and has on it another lever to
which a connecting rod is attached, and which gives motion to a crank on
a shaft placed longitudinally and parallel to the centre. line of the cylinder,.
trunnions, and main centre, which has on it a fly wheel for regulating the
motion of the engine, such engine being applicable to all purposes requiring
motion.
Having thus described the Invention, and the manner in which the same
may be performed or carried into practical operation, we desire it' to be under-
stood that we do not confine ourselves to this single or any other method of
construction or position of machinery herein specified, provided the peculiar
character of the said Invention be retained; but we do claim in this our
Invention the use of the centre box or universal centre. in its fullest.sense: -
and term for this especial purpose; also the Invention of an internal sun and
planet or semi-internal sun and planet wheels in all their fullest sense and
term and proportions, collectedly or separately, for the purpose, of obtaining
motion or motive power, whether self-maintaining or otherwise; also either
toothed wheels (mitre, bevil, or spur gear), bands, or chains for imparting the
motions in the directions required, and transmitting the force or power as
required; and we also claim,-
First, the construction of a central ring or box to oscillate, suspended
on a frame by trunnions, and supported on bearings, to carry the main
shaft.
Second, the use or application of toothed wheels, bands, or chains for trans-
mitting power derived from the piston to the opposite end of the main shaft,
for the purpose of regulating the velocity.

page_text: Third, power obtained from the piston or cylinder applicable for the trans-
mission of motive power on the main lever.
Fourth, in the arrangement and application of the aforesaid claims, and of
restraining and arresting the motion of the piston.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Vernon Driver, Edward Moss,
and Frederick Augustus Barrow, have hereunto set our hands and
seals, this Eleventh day of May, One thousand eight hundred and
fifte coron