IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS; " PARASOLS, WALKING STICKS, WHIPS, &c."
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Harrington, of Witham, in the County of
Essex, Watchmaker, for the Invention of. "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS; "
PARASOLS, WALKING STICKS, WHIPS, &c."
PARASOLS, WALKING STICKS, WHIPS, &c."
Sealed the 19th September 1856, and dated the 11th July 1856.
'PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Harrington at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents; with his Petition, on the
11th July 1856.
I, ROBERT HARRINGTON, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS; PARASOLS, WALKING STICKS, WHIPS, &c.," to.
be as follows:-
I claim the Invention of bending or forming iron or other metallic tubing'
into suitable hooks or handles for umbrellas, parasols, walking sticks, whipps,
and other things, which said hooks or handles may be japaned, covered, or"
overlaid with any suitable material, wrought, fixed, fastened, or otherwise
placed thereon.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Harrington in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
10th January 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
HARRINGTON, of Witham, in the County of Essex, Watchmaker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did; for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Róbert Harrington, Her special licence that I, the said Robert Harrington,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Robert Harrington, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should' at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, WALKING STICKS, WHIPS, &c.," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Harrington, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Harrington, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
This Invention consists in bending or forming iron or other metal tubes into
hooks or handles, suitable for fitting on to the ends of the tubes-or-sticks of
umbrellas, parasols, walking sticks, and other similar articles, and in afterwards
japanning or otherwise coating, and ornamenting them.
And in order that my said Invention may be most fully understood, and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the apparatus which
I prefer to employ for bending the metal tubes to a suitable form, and also
the processes by which the tube so bent is afterwards finished to form a
hook or handle suitable for fitting on the end of the tube or stick of an
umbrella, parasol, walking stick, or other similar article.

page_text: Figure 1 shews a vertical section of the bending dies, which are worked
by a fly press; in this view the dies are shown in the position to receive
between them the length of tube to be bent; Figure 2 shows the dies in
another position, the upper die having descended and bent the tube into the
form shown. The lower die, which is shown in plan at Figure 3, consists of
two parallel cheeks a, a, placed sufficiently far apart to allow of the tube to
be bent passing between them. At one end of the opening between the cheeks
a, a, is a shelf b, up to the end of which the length of tube is fed; at the
other end of the opening between the cheeks is a friction wheel c, which
turns to allow the tube to pass freely over it while bending. The-lower-part-
of the upper-die-(of-which an end view is shown at Figure 4) corresponds in
form to the inner side of the bend to be produced. The tube which I prefer
to use for producing the hooks or handles is brazed iron tube, of the description
ordinarily employed in the manufacture of umbrellas. When the length of
tube has been bent its end is cut off at a suitable angle, and the opening is
stopped with a composition of glue and whiting, prepared by mixing whiting
with strong glue until a plastic mass is produced. When the stopping is hard
the hook or handle is finished by japanning it, by methods well known to
those who japan metals in colors. Sometimes in place of japanning directly
on to the metal, I first cover the metal with paper, by which means I render
the hook or handle more pleasant to the touch, and render the japan less
liable to crack.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Harrington, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
ROBERT HARRINGTON. (L.B.)