IMPROVEMENTS IN CONSTRUCTING PARTS OF RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK, AND IN THE LUBRICATION " THEREOF
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Paul François Aerts, of Brussels, in the Kingdom
of Belgium, Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CONSTRUCTING PARTS OF RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK, AND IN THE LUBRICATION
"
THEREOF."
Sealed the 29th August 1854, and dated the 11th July 1854.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Paul François Aerts at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Declara-
tion, on the 11th July 1854, pursuant to the 9th section of the Patent
Law Amendment Act, 1852.
5 TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PAUL
FRANÇOIS AERTS, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Mechanical
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CONSTRUCTING PARTS OF RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK, AND IN THE LUBRICATION
THEREOF," and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have

page_text: made solemn declaration, that I verily believe myself to be the true and first
Inventor thereof.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Paul François Aerts, do hereby declare
that the following complete Specification, under my hand and seal, fully
describes and ascertains the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed [reference being had to the Sheet of
Drawing hereunto annexed], that is to say:
My Invention has for its object, first, to provide for the greater safety of
railway rolling stock, (and consequently of passengers and goods,) during the
passage of or rounding curves by vehicles on railways. Secondly, an improve-
ment in lubricating the journals of railway vehicles by providing for a better or
more effectual lubrication of those parts subject to friction. By the arrangement
herein-after described, carriages of considerable length may be used with safety,
provision being made for keeping the ends thereof always in a direct line with
the centre of the railway, and thus relieving them from any strain on passing
or rounding curves. To effect this object I use three framings for such
vehicles, namely, a moveable frame, an intermediate frame, and an upper
frame. The first is arranged in three divisions or parts, which are allowed to
move or play as the rails of the railway depart from a straight line, or form a
curve or curves on the line. The intermediate frame serves to join the
moveable frame to the carriage (or upper) frame, and upon that frame the
buffer and traction apparatus and their appurtenances are fixed. I will now
proceed to describe the action of the moving frame or frames, which I can best
do by reference to the annexed Drawing, on which similar letters of reference
denote similar parts on cach of the Figures respectively, and in which Figure 1
shews a longitudinal elevation; Figure 2, a top plan view of two of the under or
moveable frames; and Figure 3, an end view of the framings of a railway car-
riage according to my Invention. And first, at Figure 2 a pivot A is shewn, on
which turns or plays the framing b, which is composed of bars resting upon the
axle boxes c, c; iron bars d, d, working loosely at their attachments e, e, serve
to connect the outer moveable under frames to the centre one. A metal piece
fixed on the centre framing (denoted by the dotted lines at f, serves to guide
the middle frame on which the vertical bolt in the centre of the frame is
allowed to play in the direction of the length of the axle; or in other words,
the said bolt is allowed to slide in the slot g transversely, either to the right or
left, to the full extent of the said slot; h, h, are metal supports, serving to
guide, check, or regulate the movement of the centre moveable frame, so that
it may not make a traverse in a circular direction further than is desirable or

page_text: intended. i, i, denotes the intermediate framing, serving to connect the under
or moving framework to the upper or carriage frame. The weight of the
carriage as well as that of its frame rests immediately upon the trunnions j, j,
by means of simple iron bars k. By this arrangement it is evident that the
convergance is easily maintained; as when the line of railway is straight, the
three compartments or frames (only two are shewn in the Drawing), forming
the moveable under framing (as before described), are parallel with each other,
and form in line; the pivots in which they work being upon the same plane,
and precisely over the middle of the way between the rails; but on coming to
a curve, the middle of the three under frames works transversely to right or
left, according to the curvature of the curve, the pivot or bolt sliding or playing
in the slot g (as before described.) In consequence of this movement, caused
by the curvature of the rails, the two outer (or front and rear) moveable under
frames, which are attached to the centre under frame by the bars d, d, turn on
their respective pivots a, a, and thus are forcibly directed towards the vertical,
perpendicular, or centre of the way between the rails, whatever the curvature
may be over which the train is progressing.
My improvement in lubricating the journals of railway rolling stock consists
in a small wheel, shewn at o, Figure 3, which is fixed on each extremity of
the journal of the axle in railway rolling stock, and is operated upon by the
motion of the axle.
Thus, when the train begins to move, the wheel commences to revolve, and
by the centrifugal swiftness of its revolution, forces the oil or other liquid or
semi-liquid lubricating material towards the upper part of the axle box, from
which it flows or is pressed on to the bearers and journals; and the greater the
rapidity of motion attained by the train the more effectual will be the lubrication
.of the bearers and journals.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which it
is carried into effect, I desire it to be understood that I do not confine myself to
the precise details of the parts or combinations of parts herein-before described,
as such may be modified under particular circumstances; nor do I claim the
various parts used in the under framing of railway rolling stock (for facilitating
the passage of railway trains over or round curves in railways), taken simply as
parts, and not in combination for the purposes of my Invention, which I declare
5 to be, and I claim,-
Firstly, the combination of parts, forming under moveable frames or framing
of railway rolling stock, for the safer passage of trains on or round curves on
railways, as herein-before described.

page_text: Secondly, the fixing a wheel on the ends of the journals of railway rolling
stock, for the better lubrication thereof, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Paul François Aerts, have hereunto affixed
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
HYPOLITE BIEBUYCK,
30, Rue du Commerce,
à Bruxelles.
PAUL FRANÇOIS AERTS. (L.S.)