IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED FABRICS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Cotton, of Loughborough, in the
County of Leicester, and Edward Attenborough, of No. 73, Bruns-
wick Street, the Meadows, Nottingham, for the Invention of
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Cotton and
Edward Attenborough at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 16th December 1868.
We, WILLIAM COTTON, of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester,
and EDWARD ATTENBOROUGH, of No. 73, Brunswick Street, the
Meadows, Nottingham, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED
FABRICS," to be as follows:-
The improvements relate to means for tightening the threads passing
to the thread carriers in making the plain or unfashioned portion of
the fabric when the thread carriers are at the ends of their traverse and
the loops are being divided. For this purpose each thread passes
between a spring and an arm with capability of varying the tension
A

page_text: thereon, and the pressure of such springs is capable of being relieved by
stationary wedge-shaped pieces or such liko means in the forward
movements of the arms and springs.
Also the improvements relate to giving extra motion to the shifting
instruments when they are moving for widening proportionate to the
extra strain on them at such time so that notwithstanding such strain
they may yet stand correctly in position for the laying of the loops on
the needles to which the loops are being shifted, and then in relieving
such extra strain or movement for narrowing. For this purpose an
extra lever is slided to bring its bowl on to an extra cam or tappet to
operate drivers or clawkers which then act on rack wheels and gear
to give the desired extra motion to the slides for moving the
fashioning apparatus. In narrowing other drivers or clawkers are
brought into operation. The lever is then shifted back for unfashioned
work.
The improvements also relate to the use of extra instruments in
widening to fill up the holes otherwise left by the action of separating
the loops for widening. For this purpose extra instruments are used
in connection with the widening and narrowing instruments, each of
which extra instruments is formed with a recess to receive the beard of
a needle, and with an inclined or angular portion adapted in the back
or pressing movement of the needles to move the needle with which it
is for the time acting, so that such extra instrument after standing in
front or on the beard side of the needle may as the needle moves back
to the presser push the needle sideways. These extra instruments are
moved in one direction by other instruments or bolts, and in the opposite
direction by springs. A mode of their action is as follows:-When
the shifting apparatus carrying the widening and narrowing instruments
or points comes down to take off the stitches the needle bar presses on
the points, and in doing so the extra instruments pass the needles facing
them; the shifting apparatus then descends lower, and each bolt
operating an extra instrument comes in contact with the leads of the
knocking-over instruments causing by an intermediate wheel to each
or otherwise the descent of each extra instrument through a loop on the
second course from the needle; the shifting apparatus then rises with
the loops; the needle bar falls to allow the points to traverse one needle;
the shifting apparatus then descends again, passing the loops over the
heads of the next needles; the sinkers come forward to take off the

page_text: loops as the shifting apparatus rises to a fixed stop. When desired to
produce "narrowing" each slide carrying an extra instrument may be
turned on one side by loosening a screw or otherwise.
The improvements also relate to forming each of the thread carriers
with the spring or clastic piece to admit of their more correctly following
their course.
The improvements also relate when forming the presser bar and the
combs thereon for the guidance of the sinkers of brass or soft metal to
the introduction of a rib of steel or hard substance into a groove on the
edge of such presser, and soldering or otherwise fastening it therein so
as to obtain a hard surface for the action of the needles thereon, by
which the wear at that part is greatly reduced.
The object of another part of the improvements is, when working with
machinery for producing "widening" or "narrowing" in the fabric
being produced, to obtain uniformity of tension to the threads as laid by
the thread carriers, whether in producing ordinary or unfashioned fabric
or such widening or narrowing. For this purpose a lever carries a
bowl or bowls at one end capable of being shifted to be operated by
one cam for the fashioning course, or to be operated by another cam
for the ordinary course, whilst the other end of this lever acts on the
threads passing to the thread carriers.
The object of another part of the improvements is to obtain capability
of adjustment of the movement of the needles in relation to the sinkers
so as to be able readily to vary the stiffness of the fabric during working.
For this purpose the lever for giving such to-and-fro motions to the
needles is provided with an extra bowl or a bowl adapted to be acted
on by an adjustable stop actuated by a lever with varying inclines or
other suitable means.
Another part of the improvements relates to arranging the slur cock
carriages and the jacks, so that as soon as the slur cocks have operated
upon the sinkers for the formation of loops to the newly-laid threads
those jacks may be brought back to relieve the sinkers of further
unnecessary pressure. For this purpose each slur cock carriage in
addition to its slur cock is provided with a spring traverse or cushion
adapted to act by preference with elastic pressure on elongated ends to
the tails of the jacks; by this means sudden jar on the jacks and sinkers
is avoided.

page_text: Another part of the improvements relates to controlling the move-
ment of the thread carriers at the termination of their traverse so as
to ensure the thread at such time being taken between the desired
sinkers, thereby avoiding the production of bad selvages. For this
purpose the thread carriers at the end of each traverse have a slight
return motion given them to the position desired by levers or other-
wisc.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Cotton and Edward Attenborough, in
the Great Scal Patent Office on the 16th June 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
COTTON, of Loughborough, in the County of Leicester, and EDWARD
ATTENBOROUGH, of No. 73, Brunswick Street, the Meadows, Nottingham,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs, and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said William Cotton and Edward Atten-
borough, Her special licence that we, the said William Cotton and
Edward Attenborough, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as wc, the said William Cotton and Edward Attenborough
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED
FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
William Cotton and Edward Attenborough, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and
seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the

page_text: same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we;, the said William. Cotton. and Edward
Attenborough, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be. particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
that is to say:
The improvements relate to that class of machinery for the manu-
facture of looped fabrics in which the needles point in a vertical
direction or nearly so from their leads upwards, and the work produced
passes away at or near a horizontal direction. The neodle: bar is
actuated by suitable cam' movements to give the needles a movement to
and fro of the presser, as well as vertically for knocking off whilst the
sinkers are independent and supported to move horizontally in suitable
guides formed for them for the sinking and drawing of the loops
and in which both narrowing and widening commonly called fashioning
may be effected to the fabric. during its manufacture by the aid of extra
instruments..
The improvements relate, first; to the general-arrangement and.com-
bination of the parts of the machinery.
The improvements relate, secondly, to forming the body of the thread
carriers of steel or flexible metal, so that the point or feed end thereof
may bear upon and more readily follow the course of the traverse pro--
vided for them..
The improvements relate, thirdly, to means for tightening the threads
passing to the thread carriers in making the plain or unfashioned portion
of the fabric when the thread carriers are at the ends of their traverse
and the loops are being divided. For this purpose each thread passes
between a spring and an arm with capability of varying the tension
thercon, and the pressure of such springs is capable of being relieved by
stationary wedge-shaped pieces or such like means in the forward move--
ment of the arms and springs.
Fourthly. The improvements relate to giving extra motion to the
shifting instruments when they are moving for widening proportionate to
the extra strain on them at such time, so that notwithstanding such
strain they may yet stand correctly in position for the laying of the loopr

page_text: on the needles to which the loops are being shifted, and then in relieving
such extra strain or movement for narrowing. For this purpose an extra
lever is slided to bring its bowl on to an extra cam or tappet to operate
drivers or clawkers, which then act on rack wheels and gear to give the
desired extra motion to the slides för moving the fashioning apparatus.
In narrowing other drivers or clawkers are brought into operation. The
lever is then shifted back for unfashioned work.
Fifthly. The improvements relate to the use of extra instruments in
widening to fill up the holes otherwise left by the action of separating
the loops for widening.
Sixthly. The improvements relate when forming the presser bar and
the combs thereon for the guidance of the sinkers of brass or soft metal
to the introduction of a rib of steel or hard substance into a groove in
the edge of such presser, and soldering or otherwise fastening it therein,
so as to obtain a hard surface for the action of the needles thereon, by
which the wear at that part is greatly reduced.
Seventhly. The improvements relate when working with machinery
for producing "widening" or narrowing "of the fabric being pro-
duced to obtaining uniformity of tension to the threads as laid by the
thread carriers, whether in producing ordinary or "unfashioned" fabric
or such "widening" or "narrowing." For this purpose a lever carries
a bowl or bowls at one end capaple of being shifted to be operated by
onc cam for the fashioning course, or to be operated by another cam for
the ordinary course, whilst the other end of this lever acts on the threads
passing to the thread carriers.
The object of the eighth part of the improvements is to obtain
capability of adjustment of the movement of the needles in relation to
the sinkers, so as to be able readily to vary the stiffness of the fabric
during working. For this purpose the lever for giving such to-and-fro
motions to the needles is provided with an extra bowl or a bowl adapted
to be acted on by an adjustable stop actuated by a lever with varying
inclines or other suitable means.
The ninth part of the improvements relates to arranging the slur cock
carriages and the jacks, so that so soon as the slur cocks have operated
upon the sinkers for the formation of loops to the newly-laid threads
these jacks may be brought back to relieve the sinkers of further un-
necessary pressure. For this purpose each slur cock carriage in addition

page_text: to receive a cord k³ and weight k, so that a winding tendency may be
given to that roller k, with a tendency to wind up the work as it is
produced, and the drum or pulley is capable of turning freely on
the axis of the cylinder k¹, and the strain exerted by the weighted
cord acts by the click or driver on the ratchet wheel affixed to
the axis of the cylinder k¹. The various cams or tappets on the main
shaft or axis 6 for operating the various parts are mostly in duplicate,
one of each pair of cams or tappets being to operate the parts when
producing plain or unfashioned work, whilst the other of each pair of
cams or tappets is intended to act when fashioning or widening or
narrowing is being produced to the fabric during manufacture. The
changes for bringing the respective cams or tappets into operation is
effected by shifting the bowls of the respective levers to the cams or
tappets for the time to be in operation. For this purpose there is applied
to the shaft A a series of arms A', each of which is forked at its outer
end to embrace a neck formed on the bosses of the trucks or bowls to be
moved, and that this movement may be readily effected the shaft A is
supported in bearings a¹ affixed to the main framing with capability of
endway movement therein, and this endway movement in either
direction to shift the trucks or bowls of the respective levers off one
on to the other of each pair of cams or tappets is effected by means of
cam or pattern wheels or other suitable pattern surface brought into
operation at the times or in the order desired. The needles d are set in
leads d, carried by the needle bar d, which is supported so as to be
capable of movement by being connected by pin joints & to the outer
ends of arms affixed to the shaft d. Upon the shaft d' are also
affixed arms do, with trucks or bowls d', capable of adjustment and of
being actuated by one or the other of pairs of cams or tappets d³ and d.
The cam or tappet de being that to operate the needle bar for its lifting
and lowering or "knocking over" motion when making plain or un-
fashioned fabric, and the cam or tappet being that for operating the
needle bar when "fashioning." The rocking or to-and-fro motion of the
needle bar for "pressing" is obtained by means of cams or tappets d¹º, d¹¹,
the tappet do being that for effecting such motion when producing plain
or unfashioned fabric, and the cam or tappet du being that to operate
when fashioning. These movements are effected by the one or the other
of these cams or tappets, as the case may be, acting on a truck or
bowl d which is capable of revolving freely on a stud or pin affixed
with capability of adjustment in the lever arm ds affixed to the shaft d

page_text: to which are also affixed arms d, each of which is by pin joint d¹ con-
nected to one end of a link d", the other end of which turns upon a
pin d8 affixed with capability of adjustment in the end of an arm d¹º, of
which there may be several across the machine affixed to the needle
bar d. The trucks referred to, as well as the various trucks or bowls
generally in the apparatus, are borne to their cams or tappets by springs
as is well understood by persons acquainted with this class of machinery.
The instruments e, acting as sinkers to effect the drawing off of the
thread to the extent desired for the loops of the fabric are divided into
two kinds, jack sinkers, one of which is shown separately at Figure 13,
and dividing sinkers, one of which is shown separately by Figure 12.
Both kinds of these instruments e are capable of sliding freely in combs
formed for them in the under side of the bar e¹ and the upper side of the
bar e. The jacks f in the arrangement shown by these Figures in place
of turning upon a wire or pin as an axis of motion are formed
cach with a recess f¹ to ride upon the edge of the bar f³,
by which facility is afforded for the removal or replacement of any
of them. e are combs formed on the bar e³, and fare combs formed
on the bar f to guide the movements of the jacks f. f is a bar to
stop the back movement of the jacks. g is the catch bar by which
the back motion to the jack sinkers and the backward and forward
motion to the intermediate or dividing sinkers is effected, there being
a notch g in the catch bar g adapted to receive the projections e³
of the sinkers e. When the slur cock is acting a projection
therefrom raises the catch bar out of the way of these projections e³
until such slur cock has finished its traverse, when the projection from
the slur cock ceases to support the catch bar, and the catch bar then
falls on the sinkers so as to embrace the projections e³ within the groove
g. The catch bar g is then in a position when actuated for that purpose
to move the sinkers back. For this purpose the catch bar g is affixed
to arms g, which by pin joints are connected to the upper ends of
arins g³ affixed to the rocking shaft g', which is supported so as to be
capable of being rocked to and fro in bearings affixed to the main
framing. Upon this rocking shaft g' are affixed the lever arms g³, cach
of which carries by an adjustable pin g a truck or bowl g, to be
operated by one or the other of the cams or tappets gs or g° depending on
whether plain or fashioned work is for the time being produced. The
truck or bowl g' rests on the cam or tappet g8 when plain or unfashioned
work is being produced, and it is shifted to the can or tappet go when

page_text: "widening" or "narrowing," or as it is otherwise called "fashioning
is to be produced. are the knocking over bits for knocking the work
over the needles when the needles are lowered for that purpose. These
bits are set in leads affixed to the bar ; Pare plates to keep the work
off the edge of the bar in its passage to the roller ¹; i is a thread carrier
of which I prefer there should be two to each breadth of fabric, so that
when extra thickning is required, as for the heels of stockings and the
like, both may be brought into operation, whilst at other times only one
of them to each breadth of fabric is required. One of these thread
carriers i is affixed to and moved with the rod or bar m in the endway
motion of that rod or bar m, and the other is affixed to and so as to
be moved by the rod or bar m¹ in the endway motion of that rod or
bar m¹.
Hitherto it has been customary to form these thread carriers of rigid
material, so that all of them across a machine required to be very
accurately set or varied work was produced. To remedy the evils result-
ing therefrom we, according to the second part of the Invention, apply
the nose of the thread carrier to a spring plate, which is thence con-
nected by screws, with capability of adjustment to a plate i, which is
affixed to one or other of the bars m or m³, as the case may be. The
nosc of the thread carrier is formed to slide on the ledge es of the
bar e', and it is borne gently thereto by the spring, by which facility
for adjustment and uniformity in the laying of the threads is insured.
The threads in passing from their bobbins or other source of supply to
the thread carriers pass through eyes n³, n², on the opposite sides of an
oil box n, which contains a small quantity of fibrous material adapted to
take up oil or grease contained in the box n, and give it off to the thread
passing through the eyes
n, n, to facilitate its working. The thread after
passing through the cyo n thence passes through an eye in a plate o*
projecting from the arm o; in doing so the thread passes between the
upper end of the arm o, and the upper end of a spring o' affixed to that
arm o, by which a slight pressure may be applied to the thread in its
passage to the thread carrier, and which pressure is capable of being
regulated by means of the set screw o³. The arms o carrying the
springs o¹ arc affixed to the rocking shaft o³, which is supported so as
to be capable of a rocking motion in bearings a³ from the standards p",
and has affixed to it other arms o', with an adjustable stud o³ carrying
a sliding truck of capable of being slided on its stud os by means of a

page_text: forked arm A from the spinare a as in the other cases, so that that
truck may be moved to be actuated by either of the cams or tappets o³
or o⁹.
The cam or tappet 08 is in operation when plain or unfashioned
fabric is being produced, and the tappet then operates to throw the
upper ends of the arms o backwards at the time when the thread carriers
are at the, ends of their traverse, and thus according to the third part
of our Invention effect a tightening of the threads just when the loops
are being divided. When the thread carriers are carrying their threads
across the needles for the formation of a new row of loops the upper
cnds of the arms o are brought forwards, and in so doing stationary
wedge formed pieces o come one between each arm o and its spring o¹
to relieve that spring from its pressure on a thread passing between the
upper end of such spring and the arm o. p are the shifting instruments
which are brought into operation in "fashioning" at the edges of the fabric
to the last several loops in one or the other direction depending upon
whether "widening" or "narrowing" is for the time to be produced.
The instruments p are (as more clearly shewn by Figures 16 and 17), at
their upper ends p' bent to pass into holes formed for them in the plates p³,
which have each also grooves in them to receive and correctly space the
instruments p, whilst those instruments are held correctly in such
position on the plates på by means of the plate p³ and set nut p*.
A plate p for one side of each breadth of fabric is affixed to a sliding
bar ps and a plate på for the opposite side of each breadth of fabric is
applied to a sliding bar p'. The sliding bars p³ and p are supported to
slide in arms p' affixed to the rod p8, which is supported so as to rock in
one of the ends of links p', the other end of each of which is capable of
moving on the shaft p10 which is supported in the standards p" from the
main framing. By these means the shifting instruments p and parts
supporting them are kept at the back of the machine, and whilst in
position for their operation are at all times out of the way of the
attendant whilst examining the work being produced. The movements
to the instruments p are effected by means of the cams or tappets pl
and p acting on the bowl p", which is capable of sliding on the pin p¹³,
affixed with capability of adjustment in the lever p", which is capable of
turning at one end on the fixed stud p", and at its other end is connected
by pin joint p¹s to an arm p¹ affixed to the rocking shaft p³ for the

page_text: purpose of giving the requisite motions to that shaft and thence to thic
instruments p. The truck or bowl p¹s travels on the cam or tappet p
during the time that plain or unfashioned work is being produced, and
is then slided on to the cam or tappet ps for the fashioning. Progressive
motion in opposite directions is given to the bars p³, pe, during the
"fashioning" by a progressive sliding motion imparted to plates pat
opposite ends of the machine, such plates carrying cach a standard p
which is embraced by projections p respectively on the bars p³ and p.
The sliding plate p shewn at the left hand end of the machine moves
the bar p, and the progressive motion to the plate p20 in either direction
is obtained by the rotation of a screw p formed with necks to revolve in
stationary bearings. The thread of this screw turns in a female screw
affixed to the sliding plate p, and it has applied to it a small pinion p",
the teeth of which are taken into by the teeth of the pinion p affixed on
the shaft or axis p2 which is supported with capability of revolving in
bearings a, and has affixed on it the pinion p", the teeth of which are
taken into by the teeth of the pinion p", which with the two ratchet
wheels p and p30 affixed to it is capable of turning on the fixed stud p
When fashioning is to be produced the truck or bowl p is slided on its
pin p by means of an arm A¹ from the shaft A so that this truck or
bowl be operated by the cam or tappet p³. The pin p of the
bowl p is carried by the lever p, one end of which is capable of turning
on the stud p carried by the main framing a, and this lever by the
pin p carries the clawker and driver p, p, and also by the pin po, the
drivers p and p". The clawker and driver ps and ps are for use when
widening, and are capable of being held out of work when narrowing is
to be produced by means of the notched lever p which turns upon the
stud p", and by its notch p" is capable of resting on the pin p of
the driver p, and by that driver resting against a pin p" from the
clawker ps of holding back both that driver p and the clawker ps from
acting on their wheels, just as the lever ps is now shown by Figure 1 to
be acting by a notch therein upon the pin p from the arm of the
drivers p, p, to keep back those drivers from acting on their wheel.
may
When the instruments p are operating in the last formed loops to carry
them on to other needles for the widening it is found that the tension on
those instruments tends to bend thom out of correct relation to tho
needles on to which the shifting is desired to be effected, and the object

page_text: of the driver p is to give to the wheel p, and consequently through the
intermediate gear and screw p3 to the sliding plate p according to the
fourth part of the Invention an extra outward motion corresponding with
the strain at such time on the instruments p, so that when the strain is
the greatest the instruments p may be in the same line with the needles
with which for the time they are operating. The clawker ps brings the
wheel p and parts back, into correct position when this extra strain is off
the instruments p; thus in widening the driver ps moves the parts so that
the wheel 250 moves partly round a distance equal to two notches and a
half, cach motion of the clawker ps then brings the parts back a distance
equal to half that between two notches (or half a notch of the wheel p0).
The drivers p, p, for narrowing move the parts so that the wheel po
moves each time a distance equal to four notches. The drivers p", p",
in use act in succession on the wheel 30 and parts connected therewith
to move the instruments p inwards for narrowing.
In carrying out the fifth part of our Invention for filling up the holes
otherwise left by the action of the instruments p we employ in con-
nection with the instruments p an instrument q, such as shown by
Figures 20 to 24, and separately on a larger scale by Figure 24*. Each
instrument q is formed with a recess 1 adapted to receive the beard of a
needle, and with an inclined or angular portion 2, and it is set in a
plate q' which is capable of sliding vertically in a groove formed for it
in the plate q, which is affixed by means of the set screw ³ to the face
of the plate p in which the instruments p are set. The plate q¹ is formed
with teeth, which are taken into by the teeth of a small pinion q', whose
teeth also take into corresponding teeth formed in another plate q³,
which is also capable of sliding vertically on the plate q². A spring q
acts on the parts with a tendency to bear the plate q with the instru-
ment q up out of action, and it is only brought into action when in the
motion of the parts carrying the instruments p those instruments p
come into operation for widening, and then the lower end of the sliding
plate q by coming on to a lead of the knocking over bits forced back,
when the action of the spring q will be overcome, and the instrument q
will be forced down.
The operation of these instruments q is as follows:-When the
shifting apparatus carrying the shifting instruments p' comes down in
order to those instruments acting on the stitches to be shifted the needle

page_text: bar is operated to press on the points p; in doing so cach instrument q
passes the needle facing it owing to the peculiar shape of the part (2)
thercof; the shifting apparatus then descends lower, and the end of
the sliding bolt or plate q* comes on to the leads of the knocking over
bits, causing the sliding upwards of the plate q, and through the
pinion the descent of the instrument q through a loop in the second
course from the needle of the formed fabric; the shifting apparatus
then rises with the loops and the needle bar falls to allow the points p
to traverse one needle; the shifting apparatus then descends again,
passing the loops over the heads of the next needles, and the sinkers
come forward to take off the loops as the shifting apparatus rises to its
fixed stop. When it is desired to produce narrowing the instruments q
are turned on one side out of the way in order that then the instru-
ments p may act by themselves. This is effected by simply loosening
the set screw q' when the plate q2 carrying the instrument q and parts
acting thereon may be turned on that screw, as indicated by Figure 24,
or to the extent desired, and there fixed by again tightening that
screw.
The separate sectional view of the presser bar e², Figure 10, indicates
the position of the steel rib x introduced according to the sixth part of
our Invention for the purpose of reducing the effect of friction in the
wear upon the edge of that bar when that bar is otherwise made of brass
or other soft metal.
In carrying out this part of our Invention we cut a groove in the edge
of the bar e, and having inserted therein a corresponding length of steel
or other hard metal wire, and by preference square, we solder or other-
wise fix it therein.
We also find it convenient as a part of the general combination of
the apparatus to form wide machines in sections, each of which has the
instruments e, e¹, e², e, f, f², f³, f, f,f, and h', and parts connected
therewith affixed to small brackets r, which are supported upon pro-
jections as from the main framing, so that by removing the nuts which
secure the brackets r to the main framing these parts may be together
removed for correction or fitting in relation to each other and replaced
without interfering with the operation of other parts of the machine.
This adaptation of parts is also shown by a portion of a back view of
them at Figure 19.

page_text: The seventh part of the Invention is shown applied by end view and
front view of parts of apparatus, Figures 25 and 20. In these Figures
the same letters are used to indicate corresponding parts to those in the
previous Figures, and the trucks or bowls to the respective levers are
capable of being slided endwise by forked arms A' from a shaft A. The
truck or bowl & is formed with two outer surfaces for acting on its
cams, and it is capable of being slided on a pin s¹ fixed in the one end
of the lever s, which is supported to turn on the fixed stud 83, and at
its upper end it carries a stud s in position to act on the arms from
the shaft or axis s, which is supported to turn in bearings a and carries
other arms s7 for carrying the transverse rods 88, 88; 80 is another rod
carried by arms 810 from the framing a carrying rolls of fibrous material.
The threads passing from the bobbins to the thread carriers pass up over.
the fixed bar 80, and so as to be moistened by grease in the boxes &",
thence over one of the rods 8, under the roll on the rod 8, and over
the other rod 8, so that by varying the pressure on the arm & the
strain on the threads between the rods 8, 85, will be varied. When
producing the fashioning courses to the fabric the truck or bowl 8 or
one part thereof will be moved to be operated by the cam or tappet &¹²,
and when producing ordinary or unfashioned work it will be moved to
travel on the broader surface or cam course 8¹³.
The front view of parts, Figures 26, and the sectional view of parts,
Figure 27, show the means for effecting the eigth part of the Invention.
dis is one of the levers which by a link d acts on an arm d affixed to
the needle bar d² to effect the to-and-fro motion of the needle bar for
pressing. According to this part of the Invention the pin d* in addition
to the bowl de carries another bowl t which is capable of bearing against
the stop t¹ formed on or affixed to the sliding plate which is capable of
sliding on the arm t³, carried by a back cross bar a of the framing.
This cross bar 3 is also formed with a rectangular piece t to support by
a stud t the lever which turns on that stud t, and at its end fis
formed into a series of steps or rises of different thicknesses to receive
the end of an adjustable screw pin ts in the end of the slide . Thus by
moving the lever by its handle end , so as to change the end t, and
consequently change the step or rise acting on the stud ts, the position
of the stop will be changed, changing the time of stopping of the
truck t, and consequently varying the amount of stiffness to the fabric.
The lever is formed with a projecting stud to which is capable of

page_text: being received into one or other of the notches 11, 12, 13, or 14 of the
lever arms, which is supported at one end to turn on the stationary
stud, and at its other end is formed into a handle ¹ to facilitate its
being moved to shift the stud 10 from one to another of its notches.
As the parts are shown that marked 11 is to receive the stud 10 when
the needles are to come fully forward, that marked 12 for the ordinary
courses, that marked 13 when forming, say the heels, and that marked 14
the slack courses.
The ninth part of the Invention is shewn applied in the small
sectional view, Figure 27; also in the full-size sectional view, Figure 28.
A slur cock and carriage is also shown separately full size by end view,
Figure 29; section, Figure 30; upper side view, Figure 31; under side
view, Figure 32; and front view, Figure 33; Figure 34 shows one of the
improved jacks to be used therewith.
It will be observed by examining these various Figures of the
Drawings that the jack u whilst capable of turning on an axis of motion
at ¹, and of acting on its jack sinker at u² is formed with a prolongation
at ³, adapted to be acted upon by an extension from the slur cock so
as to bring the jack back from the sinker after it has acted to give
motion to it; and it will also be seen that the slur cock carriage v in
addition to its ordinary slur cock or nose v¹ is also provided with a
bar affixed to it by a spring v³. This bar by acting on the tails 2³
of the jacks draws them back from their sinkers immediately after they
have acted to move the sinker forwards. This spring bar v³ acts as a
cushion, and prevents the sudden jar on the jacks and sinkers.
In carrying out the tenth part of our Invention each of the bars m
carrying the thread carriers i is provided at each end with a stud w in
position when the thread carriers have finished their course for being
taken into inclined grooves 1 and 2 formed for them in a plate 20¹, which
according to the arrangement shown are formed in lever arms 10%, one
at each end of the machine, capable of turning on fixed studs wo³ carried
by stationary standards as. These lever arms have cach a projection w
by an adjustable projection w³ from a lever
joint w7 to arms g actuating the catch
capable of being acted on
arm wo, connected by pin
bar g.
Having thus described our Invention, and means which we adopt in

page_text: carrying the same into effect, we would have it understood that we do,
not confine ourselves to the precise arrangements of parts shown and
described, as variations may be made therein without departing from the
peculiar character of our Invention; but what we do claim is,-
First. The general arrangement, adaptation, or combination of parts
of the machinery, as shown and described...
Secondly. We claim the forming of the thread carriers partly of steel
or flexible material adapted to admit of the nose f the carriers sliding
on and following the course provided for them.
Thirdly. We claim the method of effecting tightening of the threads
in passing to their thread carriers as described under this head of the
Invention.
Fourthly. We claim the method of giving extra motions to the
instruments p for shifting certain of the loops of the work when
"widening," and by which those instruments are brought back again as
described under the fourth head of the Invention.
Fifthly. We claim the method of working to fill up holes produced
in the fabric in "widening" by means of instruments g and parts con-
nected therewith acting in manner substantially as described under this
head of the Invention.
Sixthly. We claim the application of a rib of steel or other hard
material into the edge or pressing surface of the presser bar to reduce
the effect of wear thereon, substantially as described.
Seventhly. We claim the giving uniformity of tension to the threads
passing to the thread carriers, substantially as described under this head
of Invention.
Eighthly. We claim the application of adjustable means for effecting
variations in the stiffness of fabric during production, substantially as
described.
Ninthly. We claim for arranging the parts of slur cocks and of jacks,
so that the jacks may be withdrawn from their sinkers so soon as they
have acted on their sinkers, substantially as described under this head of
the Invention.
Tenthly. We claim the means for controlling the movement of the
thread carriers at the termination of their traverse to ensure the threads

page_text: carried thereby being taken between the desired sinkers in manner
substantially as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Cotton and Edward
Attenborough, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Tenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-nine.
WILLIAM COTTON.
(L.S.)
EDWARD ATTENBOROUGH. (L.S.)