Improvements in Frames for Holding Photographic and other Pictures.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 17th May, 1886.
Complete Left, 17th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 18th Mar., 1887.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Frames for Holding Photographic and
other Pictures.
I, RICHARD MANDER of Branston Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to frames or holders for photographic and other pictures, and
particularly of the kind known as screen frames in which two or more enclosing frames
are connected together, so as to hold a series of pictures both back and front, or front
alone, and which said combination of frames are arranged to fold up or turn one upon
another, screen or book like; and the principal object of my invention is the jointing
and general construction of such frames as herein-after described.
In carrying out my invention, I proceed as follows, and I will describe my invention
in connection with a double screen, or a photographic screen in which two frames are
jointed to a common middle support or pillar.
The middle pillar support consists of a piece of tubing of the exact height of the
frame to be made, with its ends screwed or provided with screwed plugs, which extend
a little beyond the ends; and upon the opposite sides of the said pillar, hollow beadings
or knuckles extend to within a short distance of the ends, and within these hollow
beadings, the joint pin or wire upon which the frames turn, is secured.
The ends or outsides of each frame are constructed exactly the same as the middle
pillar or support, with the exception that the knuckle beading is only upon the inside
edge, instead of upon the two edges as described.
The tops and bottoms of the frame are made of troughed drawn metal of a
V section, with a hollow beading or rib upon its outside edge, and these top and bottom
parts I call the carrier ends, from the fact that they embrace and secure the photographs
and glasses within the sides of the frame. These carrier tops and bottoms have return
ends of the same cross section as the other part; these return ends are of a length
equal to the distance between the ends of the pillar and sides and the ends of the
beadings carried by them; so that when the carrier or bracing ends are placed in
position, the holes in the beadings of the return parts, pass over or on to the joint pins
or wires extending from the ends of the pillar and side headings; that is, the beadings

page_text: of the pillar and sides become coincident with the beadings of the return ends of the
tops and bottoms before named; so that the hollow beadings of both parts, constitute
the knuckles or joint contres upon which the two flaps or frames turn. The carrier or
bracing ends are bound and kept to the other parts constituting the frames, by screw
caps or screw terminals, taking upon the ends of the tubes forming the middle pillar
and sides. The bases of the said caps or terminals are made broad, so as to slightly
overlap the tops of the frames.
Instead of having simple beadings upon the sides of the tubes forming the middle
and ends of the frame, enclosing sides of the cross section of the top may be employed
instead. In this case the inside edges of the frame are made continuous or uniform in
character.
The middle pillar with its two side beadings, the sides with the single hollow
beading, and the bracing ends or tops and bottoms, with their hollow beadings, are
respectively made in one piece, by the process of drawing through, or by rolling. Or
the knuckles may be attached if necessary, separately, by soldering or otherwise.
By constructing photographic screens as described, the frames are made up of
segments or parts, which when put together, are hinged upon a middle stile or
support.
Instead of a two fold screen, a three, four or any other desired number may be
made in the same way, by providing the inside uprights with double headings or
knuckles to form the joints upon which the adjacent frames turn upon as joint centres,
for folding up or opening out.
To introduce a photographic or other picture, remove the terminal caps from
either the tops or bottoms of the uprights, then remove or draw the enclosing top or
bottom from off the pins or wires forming the centres upon which the sides turn;
when this has been done, slide the picture or photograph between the uprights, with
its forward end resting within the trough of the embracing end not removed, then
place the other end in position and secure it down by the terminal caps.
Although I have described my invention in connection with a double frame or
screen, yet my said invention is equally applicable to the making up of single
frames.
RICHARD MANDER.
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: other Pictures.
1, RICHARD MANDER of Branston Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
My invention relates to frames or holders for photographic and other pictures, and
particularly of the kind known as screen frames, in which two or more enclosing frames
are connected together, so as to hold a series of pictures both back and front, or front
alone, and which said combination of frames are arranged to fold up or turn one upon
another, screen or book like; and the principal object of any invention is the jointing
and general construction of such frames as hereinafter described.
In carrying out my invention, I proceed as follows, and I will describe my invention
in connection with a double screen, or a photographic screen in which two frames are
jointed to a common middle support or pillar.
The middle pillar support consists of a piece of tubing of the exact height of the
frame to be made, with its ends screwed or provided with screwed plugs, which extend
a little beyond the ends; and upon the opposite sides of the said pillar, hollow beadings
or knuckles extend to within a short distance of the ends, and within these hollow
beadings, the joint pin or wire upon which the frames turn, is secured.
The ends or outsides of each frame, are constructed exactly the same as the middle
pillar or support, with the exception that the knuckle beading is only upon the inside
edge, instead of upon the two edges as described.
The tops and bottoms of the frame are made of troughed drawn metal of a V section,
with a hollow beading or rib upon its outside edge, and these top and bottom parts I
call the carrier ends, from the fact that they embrace and secure the photographs and
glasses within the sides of the frame-These carrier tops and bottoms may be both
movable, or one may be fixed, and the other movable, and which said removable tops
or bottoms, or both, are fixed in position, or secured to the other parts of the sides of
the frame, or the holder, by hanging joint pins or pegs, which take and tightly fit
into the corresponding hollow beadings running around the outside of the metal of
the framing aforesaid.
The junctions of the movable tops or bottoms with the sides, are preferably mitred,
although the said removable tops or bottoms may have return ends of the same cross
section as the other parts, and which said returned ends, are secured by passing over
joint pins or wires, extending from the corresponding beadings of the pillar and sides.
The movable ends are braced and bound together, by screw caps or screw terminals,
taking upon the ends of the tubes of the framing, or upon the ends of pegs or rods
protruding through the ends of the pillars. The bases of these caps aforesaid, are

page_text: made sufficiently broad to overlap or over-reach the top outsides of the frames near
their junctions with the sides.
Instead of having simple beadings upon the sides of the tubes forming the middle
and ends of the frame, enclosing sides of the cross section of the top may be
employed In this case, the inside edges of the frame are made continuous or
uniform in character.
The middle pillar with its two side beadings, the sides with the single hollow beading,
and the bracings ends or tops and bottoms, with their hollow beadings, are respectively
made in one piece, by the process of drawing through, or by rolling-Or the knuckles
may be attached if necessary, separately, by soldering or otherwise.
By constructing photographic screens as described, the frames are made up of
segments or parts, which when put together, are hinged upon a middle stile or
support.
Instead of a two-fold screen, a three, four, or any other desired number may be
made in the same way, by providing the inside uprights with double beadings or
knuckles to form the joints upon which the adjacent frames turn upon as joint centres,
for folding up or opening out.
To introduce a photograph or other picture, remove the terminal caps from either
the tops or bottoms of the uprights, then remove or draw the enclosing top or bottom
from off the pins or wires; when this has been done, slide the picture or photograph
between the uprights, with its forward end resting within the trough of the embracing
end not removed, then place the other end in position, and secure it down by the
terminal caps.
Although I have described my invention in connection with a double frame or
screen, yet my said invention is equally applicable to the making up of single frames.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings, the
manner in which the same is to he performed.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation, a photographic screen frame, constructed
according to my invention, which consists of two enclosing frames, connected together
by joints, so as to fold screen or book like-Figure 2 is a horizontal section upon the
dotted lines A B figure 1-Figure 3 shows a section of one of the corners of the said
screen frame, upon a larger scale-Figure 4 represents the same with the parts
detached, and figure is a cross section on the dotted lines CD figure 3, while
figure 6 is a cross section on the dotted lines E F of the said figure 3-Figure 7
shows the middle pillar or support separately, while figure 8 is a cross section upon the
dotted lines G H of the said figure 8.
Figure 9 represents one of the side bars, and the top and bottom bars of the frame
separately, which are hung, when in position, upon the pivot wires carried by the
middle pillar.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in figures 1 to 9.
ad are two frames, jointed to a common middle support or tubing, which has upon
opposite sides, knuckle beadings 62, with pivot centres or wires b³, extending from the
ends of the said knuckle or hollow beadings; and upon these pivot centres, the insides a
are hung that is, the pins or wires 3 take into the hollows of knuckle beadings a³ at
the upper ends of the sides a².
The outsides a are the same as the middles, other than having only a single knuckle
beading a³, and a V trough a'.
The middle and end pillars are provided with plugs or rods e, screwed at their outer
ends, and upon which screwed ends, caps or terminals & take.
The bottoms of the frame as are securely affixed or connected to the sides, while the
tops a are detachable, as best seen in the enlarged view figure 4-These detachable or
movable tops or top bars are affixed in position, and secured to the opposite sides of
the frame, by hanging pegs e, which take and fit tightly into corresponding knuckle
hollow beadings a³.
The screw caps or terminals d, which bind and brace the parts together, have flanged
collars d, which overhang the terminal ends a' of the tops a, so as to firmly secure
the parts in position.

page_text: The tops and bottoms of the framing bars, are made of troughed drawn metal, with
a hollow beading or rib running upon its outside edge, while the outside framing bars
are made of troughed drawn metal, with an inside beading, and an outside tubular
or pillar part.
The central pillar or stay is made of drawn metal or tubing with hollow beadings
upon opposite sides.
To introduce a photograph or other picture, remove the top bars a, by first
unscrewing the caps d. When this has been done, slide the glasses with the photograph
or photographs between them into the troughs a' of the side and bottom framing bars,
and when in position, insert the hanging spikes e at the opposite ends of the top bar a
into the inside hollow beadings a³ of the side bars, then screw home the screw caps or
terminals d, when the undersides of the flanged collars ², seat themselves upon the
ends a of the removable bar a, and thereby firmly secure the parts in their respective
positions as represented in figures 1 and 3.
Figure 10 represents in front elevation, a single photographic frame, constructed
according to my invention, and provided with a removable or detachable top bar,
which is secured in position by the hanging spike or wire of the one taking and
fitting into corresponding hollow beadings of the other. Figure 11. represents the
same (partly in section) with the detachable top bar removed from the other part of
the frame. Figure 12 is a transverse section on the dotted lines A B figure 10.
Figure 13 represents one of the junctions of the movable and fixed bars, upon a
larger scale.
are enclosing troughs, and a³ are outer or outside beadings, within the open ends
of the fixed side bars, the pegs ee are introduced and tightly fit therein, for the
securing within the frame, the glasses and photographs.
Figure 14 represents in front elevation a photographic frame, in which the securing
cap or terminal is provided with a screw peg, which takes into a corresponding hollow
beading and further, the removable top bar is provided at its two opposite ends with
eyes, through the holes of which, the screwed pegs of the caps pass.
at are the framing bars, of a like section to figure 10, and is the removable top,
with eyes at its ends, through which screw pegs d³ of the terminal cap d pass, as
best seen in the enlarged section figure 15. Figure 16 is a cross section of figure 15,
and figure 17 shows a portion of a like frame to figure 14, with a suspending ring
through the securing cap.
The screens may be made of three, or any other number of folds, by connecting
together the necessary framings with middle pillar parts like as in figure 1, upon
which the respective framings are jointed and turn.
The framings may be made to hold a collective series of photographs or other
pictures, or they may be made to hold plush, leather, or metal inner framings, instead
of glass.
The framings hereinbefore described may be used for screens for various purposes,
other than for photographic pictures.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
First. Making the bars or the boundary framings or sides of photographic and
other frames, from lengths of troughed metal (preferably drawn) with outside hollow
headings; and which said bars are essentially of the cross section as shown at
figure 6, and described and illustrated in figures 1, 3, 4, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16
and 17 of the Drawings.
Secondly. Making the bars or the boundary framings or sides of photographic and
other frames, from lengths of drawn or rolled metal, of the cross section, or essentially
of the cross section, as shown at figure 5, and described and represented in
figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly Making the middle junction bars, or the middle pillars of photographic
and other frames from lengths of drawn metal, of the cross section as represented in
figure 8, consisting of a middle tube, having hollow beadings on its two opposite

page_text: sides, substantially as described and illustrated in figures 1. and 7 of the accompanying
Drawings.
Fourthly The construction of two or more fold screen-frames, made up from bars
or lengths of metal, cited in the three preceding claims, and which said frames are
made up, jointed and put together, in the manner substantially, as described and set
forth in figures 1 to 9 both inclusive.
Fifthly Making the top bars, or the bottom bars or both (with mitred or return
ends) removable, for the purpose substantially as described and illustrated, and which
said removable bars may be affixed in position by caps d d².
Sixthly Securing and affixing in position, removable top and bottom bars of
photographic and other frames, by means of hanging spikes, pegs or wires (with or
without caps) or by long spikes, pegs or wires taking and fitting tightly within the
hollow beadings of adjacent bars, substantially as described and illustrated in the
several figures of the Drawings.
Lastly Securing and affixing in position, removable tops or bottom bars, by
providing the ends of each bar, with eyes or pierced ears, through which screw
pegs, pass, and take into screwed hollow beadings, substantially as set forth in
figures 14, 15, 16 and 17 of the Drawings.
RICHARD
MANDER.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.