Improvements in or relating to Footrests for Velocipedes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 12th June, 1894 Accepted, 14th July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
1.
Improvements in or relating to Footrests for Velocipedes.
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We, JOHN. JAMES HENRY STURMEY' of No. 19 Hertford Street, Journalist
and HERBERT WALTER, STAUER of .No. 4 Portland Terrace, Printer both in
Coventry, in the County of Warwick," do hereby, declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to footrests for velocipedes that is the projections or
ledges provided on velocipedes for the reception or lodging of the riders feet
when they do not require to be kept on the pedals for the propulsion or control
of the machine.
11.
In the types of velocipede commonly known as "the rear driving safety bicycle"
and the "direct steering tricycle," the footrests have usually been attached to the
members of the fork carrying the front wheel, at a considerable distance from the
rider and in such a way that they have been more or less difficult to detach, while
on the other hand if easily detachable they have usually been more or less liable to
slip down the members of the fork to the danger of the rider.
. I L
The object of our invention is to overcome these defects, by bringing the rests
nearer to the rider, by making them more easily detachable and by preventing
them from slipping in'a dangerous manner. One or more of these objects is or-are
attained in each of the several forms of footrest hereinafter described.
Where the
two projections or ledges. are, made separately from each other the terms "foot-
rest" or "rest", hereinafter used in reference thereto will imply one' of such
projections or ledges, and the terms "footrests" or "rests” imply both of such
projectious or ledges. Where the two projections or ledges are made in one piece
the terms "footrest" or "rest" hereinafter used in reference thereto imply both of
such projections or ledges.
.:
1. According to one method of carrying out our invention we make the two
footrests separately from each other, the one being similar to the other. To make
one rest we take a piece of sheet steel or other suitable material and of suitable
dimensions and of oblong or approximately oblong shape and cut a piece out of
each side near the end and at a suitable distance further down make two cuts or
slots running inward from the sides. These gaps and slots form or leave two pairs
of wings, one pair at the end and the second pair nearer the middle of the oblong,
the wings of each pair being more or less in line with one another. These wings
are curved under to form clips the internal dimensions of such clips being normally
somewhat less than the external dimensions of the objects where and on to which
the clips, are to hold so that they hold with a spring grip. The other end of the
oblong is reduced in width and folded down more or less along the longitudinal
centre line of the oblong. The upper part of the rest is then. bent back at a
suitable angle so that the tips of the wings or the mouths of the clips approach one
another and the lower ends of the rest is bent forward at or about a right angle so
that the bend or ridge of the fold lies uppermost. The top clip is spring on to one
side of the fork crown and the other clip on to the corresponding fork from the
outer side of which; the folded part projects, and the ridge of the fold forms a
surface for the foot to lodge on." "The other rest may be constructed and attached
in like manner. These rests being attached to the top-of the fork are nearer the
rider than usual, the spring clips allow of instantaneous detachment and the form
of attachment, to the crown in addition to that to the fork prevents downward
slipping.
1.
2. According to another method we forge, stamp, cast or otherwise form or' build

page_text: up the rests in or into one piece with the metal fork crown, thus raising the rests-
and preventing their downward slipping.
3. According to another method we make the two rests in one piece from an
oblong or approximately oblong piece of sheet steel or other suitable material
and of suitable dimensions. At a suitable distance from and on each side of the
transverse centre line we press out or otherwise form a tongue running for a
convenient distance along the longitudinal centre line of the oblong. These
tongues are bent down to form a clip round the lower backbone of the velocipede
and are preferably provided with holes near their ends allowing them to be
tightened by a bolt and nut. The remainder of the oblong is then folded more
or less along its longitudinal centre line the edges being bent up to form the
surface for the feet to lodge on. These rests being attached to the lower backbone
are thereby brought nearer to the rider than those attached to the members of
the fork and this advantage is attained in all the forms of footrest hereinafter
described except as hereinafter mentioned. The clip allows of ready detachment
after removing the nut and bolt.
4. According to another method we employ a similar piece of material to the
last and of similar shape except that a small oblong strip is formed on the middle
of each of the longer sides, the longitudinal centre lines of the three oblongs lying
parallel. These strips are severed from the main piece except for a short distance
about the middle and are curved down to form clips. The ends of the main piece.
are folded down more or less along its longitudinal centre line, so that the bends or
ridges of the folds lie uppermost and form surfaces for the feet to lodge on.
clips are in this case preferably made to take the form of spring clips as herein-
before described with reference to our first method. The spring clips allow of
instantaneous detachment.
The
5. According to another method we employ a similar piece of material to the
last and of similar shape except that it is preferably somewhat wider, the oblong
strips are formed into spring clips adapted to fit on to the socket tube and lower
backbone of the frame. Central tongues are formed similarly to those hereinbefore
described with reference to our third method, but instead of being curved are kept
flat and bent downwards from the roots. The ends of the main piece are folded
more or less along its longitudinal centre line so that the bends or ridges of the
folds lie uppermost and form surfaces for the feet to lodge on. The footrest is
bent or set so that the top clip may embrace the socket tube and the lower clip
embrace the lower backbone while the tongue lies one on each side of and in
contact with the joint connecting those two members to steady the footrest side-
These tongues may be dispensed with if desired. This form of footrest has
the advantages of speedy detachability and security in position, besides comparative
nearness to the rider.
ways.
6. According to another method we make the two footrests separately from each
other, the one being similar to the other. To make one rest we take a strip of
sheet steel or other suitable material and of suitable dimensions and more or less
rectangular form and cut a square, oblong or other conveniently shaped piece out
of one corner and a corresponding piece out of the corner diagonally opposite to
it thus forming notches therein. We then bend the strip along its greater axis so
as to double it flatwise. The bend takes the shape of a curve forming more than
a semi-circle and less than a complete circle and having a radius slightly less than
the radius of the lower backbone on to which the rest is to be fitted; and at each
end of this curve there is another curve in the opposite direction causing the two
parts of the strip to lie parallel or approximately parallel to each other. The
doubled strip is then turned through a number of degrees on its own axis, the bend
taking place close to the curves and the number of degrees being such that the
doubled portion of the strip beyond the axial bend will have its sides in a vertical
or other convenient position when the rest is in place on the velocipede. The rest
is placed on the lower backbone so that it (the backbone) is partly embraced by
the bent part in the centre of the strip, but as the radius of the bend is less than

page_text: the radius of the backbone the rest has a spring grip on the backbone and the two
parts of the strip next to the before mentioned curves depart at an angle instead
of parallel from such curves, though they may remain in parallel planes. The
difference between the radii of the rest and the backbone respectively and the
elasticity of the metal are made sufficient to hold the rest in its position without
compressing bolts and nuts or other extrinsic assistance. The ends of the strip
are then caused to approach one another until the notched ends, (which have been
previously bent over for the purpose) meet and are made to lock the one into the
other. This springs the parts of the strip back into a more or less parallel position
and increases the grip on the backbone enough to enable the strip to bear the
pressure to which a footrest is subjected. The two rests may be so set or recessed
with respect to each other that their respective upper edges are in a line or
approximately in a line with each other, and the curved or other portions may be
60 constructed and placed as to interlock and prevent one moving without the other.
The rests may be readily detached by disengaging the locked ends, allowing the
two parts to spread out at an angle and pushing or springing them off the
backbone.
7. According to another method we make the two rests in one piece from a
piece of sheet steel or other suitable material and of suitable dimensions. The
piece is of approximately oblong shape but on each of the long sides are a pair of
hook-like projections situate at a convenient distance apart and with the points of
each pair of hooks directed towards each other. Tongues are formed along the
longitudinal centre of the oblong as in the third and fifth methods hereinbefore
described. The middle of the piece and if desired parts of the tongues are curved
transversely, to the radius of the lower backbone on to which this form of footrest
is to be attached and the tongues of the remaining parts of the tongues, as the case
may be, are directed upwards, parallel or approximately parallel to each other and
at a distance apart equal or approximately equal to the diameter of the said back-
bone. The remainder of the oblong is then folded more or less along its longi-
tudinal centre line, the edges being bent up to form the surfaces for the feet to
lodge on. This brings one side of each of the hook-like projections into contact or
proximity to one edge of one of the tongues. The end of each hook is then bent
sideways at or about a right angle towards the central plane of the rest, thus
engaging with the tongues and preventing their (the tongues) being drawn together
without correspondingly affecting the other parts of the rest. The rest is fitted on
to the lower backbone so that the two tongues pass up one on each side thereof,
and it is secured in position by a loose loop slipped over the turned back ends of
the tongues and provided with a tightening screw threaded inwards through one
end thereof, by which the tongues and rest are tightened on the backbone. Instead
of a loop and screw, the tongues may be provided with holes near their ends and a
bolt and nut be employed as herein before described with reference to our third
method and in this case the ends of the tongues will be preferably bent forward
rather than back. The method of attachment allows of ready detachment by
removing the loop or bolt as the case may be.
8. According to another method we take two strips of steel or other suitable
material and of suitable dimensions and form a curve at or near the centre of each
so that when one of the strips is laid evenly on the other the two curved portions
enclose a hole or space not larger than and preferably smaller than the part of the
backbone on to which they are fitted. And the curves are so arranged that the
axis of the hole cuts the central, vertical or approximately vertical plane of the rest
diagonally so that the parts of the strip beyond the curves lie in a position well
calculated to enable the rest to bear the pressure which it is intended to bear.
The strips are laid with the curved portions one under and the other over the back-
bone and are secured in position by bolts and nuts or some other equivalent
arrangement for drawing and holding them together, and which arrangement also
allows of the ready detachment of the rest.
9. According to another method we forge, stamp, cast or otherwise form a ring

page_text: T:
of suitable material and dimensions, the internal diameter of the ring being such
as to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the lower backbone of, the, velocipede
to which it is to be attached. The ring is divided transversely into two parts and
each part is provided with a radial wing at each of its extremities and each wing.
is bored through and is otherwise adapted to be drawn and held to the corre-
sponding wing on the other part of the ring by a bolt and bolt and nut, thus forming
the ring into a readily detachable clamp. Projecting from each side of the ring
we form a bar. The two bars are adapted for the feet to lodge on and are
preferably arranged in line with each other and at right angles to the dividing line,
of the ring. Instead of forming each of the two bars in one piece with each
of the two parts of the ring respectively they may be secured thereto by screwing
ar.
or otherwise.
r
10: According to another method we forge, stamp, cast or otherwise, form a ring
of suitable material and dimensions the internal diameter of the ring, being such as
to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the, lower backbone of the velocipede to
which it is to be attached. The ring is divided into two parts and one end of one
part is hinged to one end of the other part, the axis of the hinge being parallel to
the axis of the ring. The other end of each part of the ring is provided with a
radial wing and each wing is bored through and is otherwise adapted to be drawn,
and held to the other by a bolt or bolt and nut thus.forming the ring into a readily
detachable clamp. Two bars (of suitable material and dimensions), which are
adapted for the feet to lodge on, are formed, one with a shoulder and projecting
externally screw threaded stud and the other with a shoulder like base and internally
screw threaded axial hole. These screw threaded ends of the bars are adapted to
form a bolt and nut for the clamp, which is thereby secured to the said backbone.
If desired one of the bars may be made in one piece with one of the rings, rising
from one of the wings in the position it would assume if attached thereto when not
in one piece therewith.
11. According to another method we form a ring as in the method lastly herein-
before described and form one or two bars in one piece with one part of the ring and
the other bar in one piece with the other part of the ring or secure the two bars to the
two parts respectively of the ring, the bars and the formation or securing thereof
being similar to those herein before described with reference to our ninth method.
In this case we draw and hold the wings together and the rest in place on the lower-
backbone of the velocipede by an ordinary bolt, or bolt and nut, which may be
readily undone for detaching purposes.
12. According to another method we take two bars of suitable material and
dimensions and on one end of each we form a curved arm. The radii of the interior
surfaces of the curved arms are such as to enable the rest to obtain à firm hold on
the lower backbone of the velocipede to which it is, to be attached. Que arm
extends to approximately a' semi-circle and the free end of it is hinged to the other
bar at the root of the curved arm thereof; the axis of the hinge being at right
angles to the plane of the bars and arms. The other arm is curved for some
distance and then runs off more or less at a tangent and has the end provided with
an external screw. thread. The end of the bar carrying the first arm, is provided
with an aperture through which the screw threaded end of the arm may project.
By moving the parts' on, the hinge in one direction a space is left between the end
of the screw threaded arm and the other bar, the said space being sufficiently large
to allow of the footrest being placed on the backbone.. By moving the parts in
the opposite direction the two curved arms close round the backbone, the screw
threaded end of the one arm enters and projects through the aperture in the end of
the other bar and the clamp so formed may be tightened by a nut working our the
screw threaded arm and abutting against the bar or a washer interposed between
the nut and the bar! The rest may be readily detached after removing the nut from.
the screw threaded arm.
1
13. According to another method we take two bars similar to those hereinbefore
described with reference to our twelfth method and enlarge one end of each.

page_text: Across each of these enlarged ends we forma concave transverse groove preferably
at right angles to the length of the bars respectively. The dimensions of the
grooves are such as to efiable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the lower backbone
of the velocipede to which the rest is to be attached. The grooves form or produce
an open jaw on one end of each bar.. We make one part of each jaw longer than
the other and hinge the longer parts of the two jaws together, the axis of the hinge
being parallel to the length of the grooves. The same, liger, parts of the jaws
are produced beyond the hinge to form two bosses or lugs and one of these lugs is
perforated with a hole directed at right angles to the axis of the hinge. The hole
is provided with an internal screw thread and into it-is screwed a screw the point
of which is directed against the other lug: The lugs are situated at a convenient
distance apart.and when the screw is 'turned back the parts may be moved on the
hinge so that the shorter parts of the jaws recede from each other sufficiently to
allow of the footrest being placed on the said backbone. Turning the screw forward
against the other lug causes the parts to move in the opposite direction on the hinge
so that the jaws close upon the backbone and hold-the rest firmly to it. The 'rest
may be readily detached after turning the screw back.
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14. According to another method we form af ring and two bars similar to those
hereiñbefore described with reférence to our eleventh method. The radial wings
of the ring however are preferably curved or bent away from each other andare
adapted to be drawn together by a'loose loop and tightening screw, the loop being
slipped over the wings and the screw being screwed through one end of the loop, as
herein before described: with reference to the tongues -in our seventh- method.
Or the end of the loop opposite the screw may be hinged to one of the wings, the
axis of the hinge of the loop being parallel to the axis of the hinge of-the-ring-and
the screw is made to bear against the other wing.. The footrest is attached to the
lower backbone and may be readily. 'detached after releasing the screw and loop.
15. According to another method we take a bar of steel or other suitable material
and of suitable dimensions; the length being. sufficient to allow both -feet to lodge
on the bar. At about the centre of the under side of the bar we form a boss of
convenient size and cut or otherwise form therein. a transverse groove and, conse-
quently, two projections or wings. We perforate one of these wings with a-hole
directed at right angles to the length of the groove and more or less nearly parallel
to the length of the bar. The hdle is provided with an internal screw thread and
into it is screwed a screw the point of which is directed towards the other wing.
The said other wing may also be provided with a similar screw and more than-one
screw may be employed in either or both wings if desired. The dimensions-of-the
screw or screws are such as to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the lower
backbone of the velocipede' to which it is to be attached. That is to say, a' straight
line or lines connecting the points of contact between the backbone and the screw
or screws on one side and the opposite wing or side of the groove or between the
screw or screws on one side and the screw or screws on the other-side would pass to
the side' of the axis of the backbone furthest away from the bottom of the groove, so
that tightening the screw or one or more of the screwsi as the case may be tends
to force the backbone further into the groove. The rest may be readily detached
after releasing the screw or screws as the case may be.
1
16: According to another method we take a bar similar to that hereinbefore
described with 'reference to our fifteenth: method but dispense with the boss-and
make the transverse groove comparatively shallow: From a strip of steel or other
suitable material and of suitable dimensions we form a curved band preferably of
Ushaped section and modify' each end to form one or more externally screw
threaded bolts. The dimensions of the groove and of the interior curve of the
band are such as to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the lower backbone of
the velocipede to which it is to be attached. The bar is approached to one side,
"preferably the upper of the backbone and the band to the opposite side. The
screw threaded bolts 'pass and project partly through transverse holes made for the
purpose in the 'bar. The parts are drawn and held together by nuts screwed down

page_text: the bolts on to the said bar. The rest may be readily detached after removing
the said nuts.
17. According to another method we take a bar similar to that herein before
.described with reference to our fifteenth method but make the wings of such a
length as to project a convenient distance or distances beyond the level of the
lower backbone of the velocipede to which the rest is to be attached, when the
rest is in position on the said backbone. Through each of these wings and at a
convenient distance from the end thereof we form an aperture or slot, the two
apertures being arranged more or less in line with each other. From a piece of
steel or other suitable material and of suitable dimensions we form a taper cotter
and provide the smaller end with an external screw thread. We so arrange the
positions and dimensions of the apertures in the wings and the dimensions of the
cotter with respect to the dimensions of the groove and backbone, that when
the cotter is passed into the apertures in the wings, part of the upper surface of
the cotter comes in contact with the said backbone and the screw threaded end
-of the cotter projects such a distance through the wing as to allow of a nut being
screwed on to such end. Screwing the nut further on to the cotter causes the
backbone to be gripped between the groove and the cotter and the rest to be
securely attached to the said backbone. Instead of allowing the cotter to bear
directly on the backboue a block or saddle preferably shaped to the backbone may
be interposed between the two parts. Instead of using a taper cotter we may
-substitute a cross bar therefor, the same being preferably provided with a head at
one end and a screw thread and nut at the other to hold it firmly yet detachably in
position. The bar is provided with an internally screw threaded aperture directed
towards the centre of the groove. Into this aperture is screwed a screw the point
of which may bear directly against the backbone but we prefer to interpose a
shaped saddle similar to that above described. Whether a saddle be used or not
turning the screw inwards tightens the hold of the rest on the backbone. The
-cotter and cross bar are preferably prevented from rotating on their axes by
shaping them and one or both of the apertures through which they pass or other-
wise. The rest may be readily detached from the backbone by removing the nut
and cotter, or the screw, nut and cross bar as the case may be.
18. According to another method we take a bar similar to that herein before
described with reference to our sixteenth method and to one edge of the similar
groove therein we hinge an arm of steel or other suitable material and of suitable
dimensions, the axis of the hinge being placed parallel to the length of the groove.
The arm is preferably flat and placed with its width parallel to the axis of the
hinge. The arm may be somewhat curved towards the opposite side of the groove.
The end of the bar is brought to a cylindrical form and provided with an external
:screw thread. To the other end of the groove is similarly hinged a similar arm by
one end and the other end of the second arm is provided with a slot or aperture
adapted to receive the screw threaded end of the first arm. The dimensions of the
groove and arms are such as to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the lower
backbone of the velocipede to which it is to be attached. To attach the rest to
the velocipede, the shallow groove is brought into contact with one side, preferably
the upper, of the backbone and the screw threaded end of one arm is passed into
and partly through the slot or aperture in the end of the other arm and the rest is
secured in position by screwing a nut down the screw threaded end of the one arm
on to the slotted or apertured end of the other. If desired one of the arms may be
made a fixture instead of being hinged and the other parts modified accordingly,
if necessary the rest may be readily detached after releasing or removing
the nut.
19. According to another method we take a bar similar to that lastly described
-and provide it with a similar groove, we take a flexible band of thin steel or other
suitable material and of suitable dimensions. We provide one end of the band
with a button hole, the tail of the hole being directed away from the length of the
band, and the other end with a button or stud, the head of the stud being preferably

page_text: +
of the form of a half sphere. At a suitable distance apart we form two apertures
through the bar, the apertures being adapted for the passage therethrough of parts...
of the band. Near or at the centre of the bar we form a screw threaded aperture
with its length at right angles to the length of the groove; the aperture may
extend right through the bar or it may penetrate to only a limited depth below its
mouth in the side of the bar opposite to the groove. We insert in this aperture a
suitable screw with its point toward the groove and its head provided with a cup-
like or other recess adapted to receive the head of the stud on the band. The screw
is also provided with tommy holes or other means for rotating the same. To attach
the rest to the lower backbone of the velocipede, the shallow groove is brought
into contact with one side, preferably the upper, of the backbone. The band is
then passed through the slots in the bar so as to embrace the backbone and the
ends are buttoned together opposite the head of the screw. The screw is then
turned outwards until the recess in its head engages with the stud on the band.
and draws the band up until the backbone is held tightly between the band and
the groove in the bar, the dimensions of the various parts concerned are such as
to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the backbone. The rest may be readily
detached after turning back the screw and unbuttoning the band.
20. According to another method we take a bar similar to that lastly herein before
described and provide it with a similar groove. Through the bar at or near the-
centre thereof we form an aperture. The said aperture is somewhat of a triangular-
form, the base lying between the ends of the groove and lengthwise with the bar,
and the plane of the triangle being at right angles to the length of the groove..
We take a ring of steel or other suitable material and of suitable dimensions and.
form a radially projecting stud on the circumference thereof and provide such studi
with an external screw thread. The ring may be continuous, in which case it is
slipped on to the lower backbone of the velocipede to which the rest is to be
attached, during the process of manufacturing the said velocipede.
Or the ring
may be hinged as hereinbefore described with reference to our tenth method, the
two wings being brought together to form the screw threaded stud. Or a flexible-
band may form part of the ring or other means may be adopted for placing it (the
ring) around the backbone. The dimensions of the groove and ring are such as
to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the said backbone. The rest is placed
on the backbone in a similar position to that lastly herein before described and is...
secured to it by screwing a suitable nut down the screw threaded stud, which
projects partly through the bar, until it bears firmly on the said bar around the-
small part of the triangular hole and the backbone is gripped between the groove
and the opposite part of the ring. The whole rest, or all of it but the ring as the-
case may be may be readily detached after removing the nut.
21. According to another method we take a tube of steel or other suitable
material and of suitable dimensions, the length being sufficient for both feet to
lodge on. We take two blocks of steel or other suitable material and of suitable
dimensions and groove one face of each lengthwise so as to enable the said blocks.
to obtain a firm grip on the said tube when placed opposite to each other and drawn
sufficiently towards cach other. On one of the blocks we form a groove trans--
versely to the first and on the side opposite to the first groove. We take a curved
band similar to that herein before described with reference to our sixteenth method
and form two externally screw threaded bolts on each end thereof, or we may use
two bands with one bolt on each end thereof. The dimensions of the groove and
of the interior curve or curves of the band or bands, as the case may be, are such.
as to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the lower backbone of the velocipede.
to which it is to be attached. The tube and blocks arranged as above described
are approached to one side, preferably the upper, of the backbone and the transverse
groove in the one block brought into contact more or less evenly therewith. The
screw threaded bolts pass and project partly through holes made for the purpose in
the blocks. The holes are situated at a distance from each other exceeding the-
diameter of the tube when measured transversely to the tube and at a distance-

page_text: exceeding the diameter. .of.the..backbone. when measured transversely to the
backbone;further, they are preferably set relatively in a rectangular form and
parallel to each other. The parts are drawn and held firmly. together by nuts
screwed down the said.bolts.on to the,, block having but one groove therein and on
to the surface.. thereof. opposite. to the said groove. The tube may be readily
detached from the blocks and the whole rest. from the backbone after first removing
the said nuts. df preferred a solid or partly solid bar, may be used instead of the
tube....
in
22. According to another method we take a tube similar to the last and cut out
a piece of suitable dimensions from the middle thereof leaving a gap of suitable
dimensions. We then flatten out the part of the tube opposite the gap and curve
such flattened ont part transversely to such a curve as to enable the rest to obtain
a firm hold on the lower backbone of the velocipede. to which it is to be attached.
To one end of the tube we secure.a wire or band (of steel or other suitable material
and of suitable dimensions), by a coned: stop engaging with the flared end of the
tube, or otherwise. This., wire. is, continued through the tube to the outer end
thereof. where it passes through a similar and similarly placed cone to that above
mentioned or its equivalent and it is provided. with an external screw thread at the
end and a corresponding nut. To attach the rest to the backbone the transversely
curved part of the tube is brought into contact with one side, preferably the upper,
of the backbone, and the wire or. band, is passed, down the tube and coming i
contact with the opposite. side of the backbone on the way, the end having the
screw, is passed partly through the cone and the nut screwed on to it. Screwing
the nut down-on to the cone draws the wire or band tight and holds the rest firmly
to the backbone, which is gripped between the transversely curved part of the tube
and the opposite. part of the wire or band.. The rest may be readily detached after
removing the nut. Instead of forming a screw thread directly on the end of the
wire or band, a separate suitable screw may be brazed or secured in any other
suitable manner thereto so.that it shall not rotate thereon and the other end of the
wire or band may be secured to any other convenient point in that, part of the tube
beyond the gap, (reckoning from the end of the tube to which the end of the wire
carrying the screw: or screw, thread is brought,) and secured, thereto in any
convenient manner. If preferred: a solid or partly solid bar may be used instead
of the tube
23.,According to another method we forge, stamp, cast or otherwise form or
build up the rests in or into one-piece with the metal joint in which are united the
head tube of the socket steering and the lower backbone of a velocipede. We
prefer to screw. two bars! similar to those hereinbefore described with reference to
our ninth method in suitably internally screw threaded holes in lugs formed for the
purpose on..the joint. This method places the rests higher than if they were
attached to the fork sides and prevents their downward slipping..
124 According to another method, we make the two rests in one piece from an
oblong or approximately oblong piece of sheet steel or other suitable material and
of-suitable dimensions. Equidistant or approximately equidistant from, each end of
the oblong, we cut a suitably shaped piece out of each side thereof. We then roll
the-oblong parallel to its length into, a, tube, the general form of the same being
similar to the gapped. tube hereinbefore described with reference, to our twenty
second method, but the present gap need not be arranged to fit the backbone. We
prefer to cause the edges of the tube to overlap to a convenient extent and rivet
them together... We. also take a strip of flexible sheet steel or other suitable
material and of suitable dimensions, the said dimensions, being such as to enable the
rest to obtain a firm hold on the lower backbone of the velocipede, to which it is to
be attached. We curve this strip transversely to a radius more or less nearly equal
to that of the said backbone and curl up the ends also transversely but preferably
in the opposite direction to the curve. We rivet or otherwise secure this strip to
the tube, the top of the exterior of the curve of the strip being secured to the, top
of the interior of the gap in the tube and the width of the strip being at right

page_text: angles to the length of the tube. We form an aperture of suitable dimensions
transversely through each of the curved ends-of the strip, the two apertures being
set in line with each other. To attach the rest the curved band is made to embrace
the lower backbone of the velocipede so that the tube lies horizontally across the
upper or under preferably the upper side thereof and to secure it in position a
suitable screw threaded bolt is passed up to the head through the apertures in the
curved ends and a suitable nut is screwed on to the end thereof so as to draw the
two curved ends of the strip towards each other, until the strip tightly embraces
the backbone. If desired a longitudinal gap may be cut in the strip and other
means than curving the ends thereof may be adopted for enabling such ends to
bear the strain set up by tightening the nut and the bolt. The rest may be readily
detached after removing the nut and bolt.
65
"
25. According to another method we stamp, press, cut or otherwise form or build
up the rests in or into one piece with one (preferably the lower) of the two plates
forming a fork crown of the kind well known as a plate fork crown.' We
extend the plate lengthwise in both directions, and cause the extensions to take the
form of oblong or approximately oblong strips of suitable dimensions. To impart
the necessary strength to the extensions we fold them upwards or downwards
more or less along their longitudinal centre lines, giving them a Ụ or V or other
convenient shape in transverse section. This method places the rests higher
than if they were attached to the members of the fork and prevents their downward
slipping.
26. According to another method we take two separate footrests provided with
any suitable clips for attaching them to the members of the fork carrying the front
wheel and attach them to the said members between the upper and lower plates of
a "plate fork crown." As a modification of this method we connect the two rests
instead of making them separately. We take two strips of sheet steel or other
suitable material and of suitable dimensions, the width of the middle portions of
the strips corresponding to the distance between the upper and lower plates of a
"plate fork crown." We bend or curve the strips along their respective greater axis
to follow the form of the members of the fork and the head tube so that one fits on to
the front of the crown between the upper and lower plates thereof and the other on
to the back of the crown in a similar position. We secure the strips in position by
two or more bolts passing up to their heads through suitable pairs of holes formed
transversely through the said strips, the respective holes being situated opposite to
each other, one in each strip; the bolts are provided with external screw threads
and are screwed into the holes in the plate furthest from their heads; suitable nuts
may be used instead of or in addition to the said screw threads in the holes, the
said bolts may pass between the members of the fork or outside of the same or both.
We cause the end portious of the strips to form the parts for the feet to lodge on
and prefer to turn the extremities in towards each other so as to form rounded
ends to the rest. If desired, instead of using two strips, one strip of the same
total length as the two may be employed. If one strip be used it is folded and
bent or curved to the same form as the two and the two ends are preferably
brought together at one end of the rest, or at the middle of one side. In either
case the rests may be readily detached after removing the bolts and nuts, if any.
Whether separate or connected rests be used they are placed higher than if they
were attached to the members of the fork in the usual position and the lower plate
of the crown prevents their downward slipping. The connected rests have the
further advantage of adding to the strength of the "plate fork crown.'
"
27. According to another method we take a bar or tube of steel or other suitable
material and of convenient dimensions, the length being sufficient to allow both feet to
lodge on. This bar or tube we pass so far through the transverse hole in a tubular
similar fork crown that the ends of the bar or tube project equal or approximately
equal distances beyond the sides of the crown. The bar or tube may be brazed or
otherwise secured in position or it may be provided with a shoulder at a convenient
distance from one end and an external screw thread, at a similar distance from the
B

page_text: other so that by screwing on a suitable nut the bar or tube may be locked in or to
the crown and by removing the nut it may be detached. As a modification of this
method we may make the two rests separate from each other and screw or other-
wise secure detachably or fixedly one rest into one end of the tubular part of
the crown and the other rest into the other end thereof. In either case these
rests possess similar advantages with respect to position as the method lastly
hereinbefore described.
In those cases in which we use sheet steel or the like for the construction of our
footrests we work the metal into the desired form while soft and harden and
temper it afterwards. Where we make folds in such sheet steel or the like we
sometimes slit the metal part of the way along the folding line. In all cases where
a bar or bars are clipped or clamped or similarly attached to the velocipede, such
bar or bars may if preferred be made separately from the attachment and screwed
or otherwise secured thereto instead of being made in one piece therewith. All or
any of the surfaces of the rests that are adapted for the feet to lodge on may be
serrated or provided with rubber coverings or treads, if desired, In those cases in
which the footrests are attached to the lower backbone or other, usually, tubular,
parts of the velocipede, we prefer to make the surfaces of the attachments which
come in contact with such tubular parts of such an area and form that they shall
not dent or otherwise damage the said tubular parts. Leather. or other suitable
packing may if desired be introduced between the parts which would otherwise be
in contact and the dimensions of the parts may be varied to suit such packing. It
will be obvious that all the hereinbefore described footrests are free from the
disadvantages arising from a rest slipping down the fork. If desired many of the
footrests that are hereinbefore described as being fitted to the lower backbone of a
velocipede may be fitted to the head tube or other convenient part thereof, and in
certain cases to other forms of velocipedes than the "rear driving safety bicycle'
and the "direct steering tricycle" without any modifications or with but slight
modifications.
"
Various combinations and modifications of the forms of footrest hereinbefore
described may be made without exceeding the limits of our invention.
Dated this 9th day of September 1893.
W. B. MAXFIELD,
Applicants' Agent.
We, JOHN JAMES HENRY STURMEY of No. 19 Hertford Street, Journalist and
HERBERT WALTER STAUER of No. 4 Portland Terrace Printer, both in Coventry
in the County of Warwick do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to footrests for velocipedes that is the projections or
ledges provided on velocipedes for the reception or lodging of the riders feet when
they do not require to be kept on the pedals for the propulsion or control of the
machine.
In the types of velocipede commonly known as "the rear driving safety bicycle"
and "direct steering tricycle" the footrests have usually been attached to the
members of the fork carrying the front wheel, at a considerable distance from the
rider and in such a way that they have been more or less difficult to detach, while
on the other hand if easily detachable, they have usually been more or less liable
to slip down the members of the fork, to the danger of the rider.

page_text: The object of our invention is to overcome these defects by bringing the rests
nearer to the rider, by making them more easily detachable and by preventing
them from slipping in a dangerous manner. One or more of these objects is or
22
"
or
«
are attained in each of the several forms of footrests hereinafter described.
Where the two projections or ledges are made separately from each other the
term "footrest or "rest" hereinafter used in reference thereto imply one of such
projections or ledges and the terms "footrests rests" imply both of such
projections or ledges. Where the two projections or ledges are made in one piece
the terms "footrest ።
or rest hereinafter used in reference thereto imply both of
such projections or ledges.
"
"
In order that our invention may be well understood we append eighteen sheets
of drawings which show the general form and arrangement of the parts of our
invention according to the several ways in which we carry out the same, but
modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of our invention.
Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the drawings.
Figure 1 Sheet 1 is a plan of a footrest, made according to the first method of
carrying out our invention, before being bent into shape; Figure II is a front
elevation of the same, finished and fitted to a fork crown and fork side; Figure III is
a side elevation of the same detached.
Figure IV Sheet 2 is a plan and Figure V a front elevation of a footrest made
according to our second method.
Figure VI Sheet 3 is a plan of a footrest, made according to our third method,
before being bent into shape; Figure VII is a front elevation of the same finished
and viewed in the line of the backbone to which it is fitted; Figure VIII is a side
elevation of the same.
-
Figures IX, X, and XI Sheet 4 are similar views to Figures VI, VII and VIII
respectively of a footrest made according to our fourth method.
Figure XII Sheet 5 is a plan of a footrest made according to our fifth method
before being bent into shape; Figure XIII is a rear elevation of the same finished
and viewed in line with the top clip thereof, and Figure XIV is a side elevation
of the same finished and fitted to the velocipede at the joint between the socket
tube and lower backbone.
Figure XV Sheet 6 is a plan of a footrest made according to our sixth method
before being beut into shape; Figures XVI and XVII are plan and end views
respectively of the same doubled. Figures XVIII and XIX are side views of
the same in position on the backbone; and Figure .XX is a plan of the same viewed
perpendicularly to the length of the backbone.
Figure XXI is a plan of a footrest, made according to our seventh method
before being bent into shape; Figure XXII is a front elevation of the same,
finished and viewed in the line of the backbone to which it is fitted, and
Figure XXIII is a plan of a loop used therewith.
Figure XXIV Sheet 8 is a rear elevation of a footrest, made according to our
eighth method viewed horizontally and fitted to the backbone, and Figure XXV is
a side view of same.
Figure XXVI is a front elevation of a footrest, made according to our ninth
method, and viewed in the line of the backbone to which it is fitted.
Figure XXVII is a similar view of a footrest made according to our tenth method,
in parts.
Figure XXVIII is a similar view of the same assembled and Figure XXIX is
a similar view showing a modification of the same.
Figures XXX, XXXI and XXXII are similar views of footrests made
according to our eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth methods respectively.
Figures XXXIII and XXXIV are similar views of a footrest made according
to our fourteenth method and a modification thereof respectively. Figure XXXV
is a similar view of a footrest made according to our fifteenth method.
Figure XXXVI Sheet 12 is a similar view of a footrest made according to our
sixteenth method; Figure XXXVII is a side view of a part thereof.

page_text: •
Figures XXXVIII and XXXIX are similar views of a footrest made according
to our seventeenth method and of a detail in connection therewith respectively;
Figure XL is a similar view of a modification of the said footrest.
Figure XLI Sheet 13 is a similar view of a footrest made according to our
eighteenth method; and Figure XLII is a plan of the same viewed perpendicularly
to the underside of the backbone.
Figure XLIII is a front elevation of a footrest made according to our nineteenth
method and viewed in the line of the backbone to which it is fitted. Figure XLIV is
a view in perspective of a part thereof.
Figure XLV Sheet 14 is a front elevation partly in section of a footrest, made
according to our twentieth method and viewed in the line of the backbone to which
it is fitted, and Figure XLVI is a front elevation of a modification in detail
thereof respectively.
Figure XLVII is a plan of a footrest made according to our twenty-first method
and viewed in the line of the socket tube to which it is fitted and Figure XLVIII is
a side view thereof.
Figure XLIX Sheet 15 is a front elevation of a tube having a gap formed
therein as employed in making a footrest according to our twenty-second method;
Figure L is an elevation partly in section, of the said footrest viewed in the length
of the backbone to which it is fitted. Figure LI is an elevation of a footrest made
according to our twenty third method and viewed perpendicularly to the rear of
the socket tube of the velocipede.
Figure LII is a side view of the same.
Figure LIII Sheet 16 is a plan of part, of a footrest made according to our
twenty fourth method before being bent up into shape.
Figure LIV is a front elevation of the said footrest finished and viewed in the
line of the backbone to which it is fitted.
Figure LV is a plan of a footrest in course of construction according to our
twenty fifth method, viewed in the line of the head tube of the velocipede with the
fork crown of which it is incorporated.
Figure LVI is a front elevation of the same footrest and fork crown, finished and
viewed at right angles to the eaid head tube.
Figure LVII is a sectional view of the lower plate on the line e-e in
Figure LV1.
Figure LVIII Sheet 17 is a plan of a footrest, made according to our twenty
sixth method viewed in the line of the head tube of the velocipede to the fork crown
of which is fitted the upper plate of the said fork crown and removed for the sake
of clearness. Figure LIX is a front elevation of the said footrest and fork crown
complete, viewed at right angles to the said head tube. Figure LX is a front
elevation, partly in section, of a footrest made according to our twenty seventh
method and fitted to a fork crown viewed at right angles to the head tube of the
velocipede, and Figure LXI is a similar view of a modification.
Figure LXII Sheet 18 is a side view of a rear driving safety bicycle
illustrating the various relative positions of some of the different parts hereinafter
referred to.
Firstly referring to Figures I, II, III, Sheet 1 according to one method of
carrying out our invention, we make the two footrests separately from each other,
the one being similar to the other.
steel or other suitable material of suitable dimensions and of oblong or approximately
To make one rest we take a piece of sheet
oblong shape and cut a piece out of each side near one end and at a suitable distance
further down make two cuts or slots running inward from the side. The oblong is
thus brought to the shape shown in full lines at Figure 1. Thèse gaps and slots
form or leave two pairs of wings, one pair 2, 2 at the end and the second pair 3, 3 nearer
the middle of the oblong, the wings of each pair being more or less in line with one
another. These wings are curved under to form clips, the internal dimensions of
such clips being normally somewhat less than the external dimensions of the
forkcrown 4 and forkside 5 (see elevation Figure II) where and on to which the

page_text: clips are to hold, so that they hold with a spring grip. The other end of
the oblong is reduced in width as shown in "dotted lines" Figure I and folded
dowu more or less along the longitudinal centre line of the oblong. The upper
part of the rest is then bent back at a suitable angle so that the tips of the wings
or mouths of the clips approach one another and the lower end or tread 6 of the
rest is bent forward at or about right angles, so that the bend or ridge of the fold
is uppermost and forms a surface 7 for the foot to lodge on, the rest is thus brought
into the form shown in Figures II and III. The top clip 2, 2 is sprung on to one
side of the forkcrown 4 and the other clip 3, 3 on to the corresponding member of
the fork and the tread part 6 projects from the outer side of the same member
of the fork. The other rest may be constructed and attached on the other side in
like manner. These rests being attached to the top of the fork are nearer to.the
rider than usual, the spring clips 2, 2. 3, 3 allow of instantaneous detachment and
the form of attachment to the crown in addition to that to the fork prevents
downward slipping.
Secondly. In reference to Figures IV and V Sheet 2. According to another
method we forge, stamp, cast or otherwise form or build up the rests in or into one
piece with the metal fork crown 4 as shown from example in plan and elevation in
Figures IV and V respectively, thus raising the rests and preventing their
downward slipping.
Thirdly; referring to Figures VI, VII and VIII Sheet 3. According to
another method we make the two rests in one piece from an oblong or approxi-
mately oblong piece of sheet steel or other suitable material of suitable dimensions.
At a suitable distance from and on each side of the transverse centre line we press
out or otherwise form a tongue 8, 8 running for a convenient distance along the
longitudinal centre line of the oblong, as shown in plan at Figure VI. These
tongues 8, 8 are bent down to form a clip round the lower backbone 10 of the
velocipede and are preferably provided with holes 38, 38 near their ends allowing
them to be tightened by a bolt 11 and nut 12 Figures VII and VIII. The
remainder of the oblong is then folded more or less along its longitudinal centre
line, the edges being bent up to form the surfaces 7, 7 for the feet to lodge on,
bringing the rest to the form shown in Figures VII and VIII. These rests being
attached to the lower backbone are thereby brought nearer to the rider than those
attached to the members of the fork, and this advantage is attained more or less in
all the forms of footrest hereinafter described. The clip allows of ready
detachment after removing the nut and bolt. By this and other methods wherein
the footrest or rests is or are attached to the lower backbone, the socket tube, or
other part that does not turn with the steering wheel, the use of the footrest or
rests does not tend to interfere with the steering, as it is liable to do if it or they
be attached to the front fork or other part that turns with the said steering
wheel.
Fourthly. Referring to Figures IX, X, and XI Sheet 4. According to another
method we employ a similar piece of material to the last and of similar shape except
that a small oblong strip 8 is formed on the middle of each of the longer sides,
the longitudinal centre lines of the three oblongs lying parallel as shown in plan at
Figure IX. These strips 8, 8 are severed from the main piece except for a short
distance about the middle and are curved down to form clips. The ends 6, 6 of the
main piece are folded down more or less along its longitudinal centre line, so that
the bends or ridges of the folds lie uppermost and form surfaces 7, 7 for the feet to
lodge on bringing the rest to the form shown in Figures X and XI. The clips 8, 8
are in this case preferably made to take the form of spring clips as hereinbefore
described with reference to our first method and are adapted to hold the rest to the
lower backbone 10. The spring clips allow of instantaneous detachment.
5. Referring to Figures XII, XIII and XIV Sheet 5. According to another
method, we employ a similar piece of material to the last and of similar shape
except that it is preferably somewhat wider, as shown in plan at Figure XII. The
oblong strips 8, 8 are formed into spring clips adapted to fit on to the socket tube

page_text: (see Figures XIII and XIV) and lower backbone 10 of the frame. Central
tongues 18 are formed similarly to those described with reference to our third
method (8, 8 Figure VI), but instead of being curved are kept flat and bent
downwards from the roots. The ends 6, 6 of the main piece are folded more or less
along its longitudinal centre line so that the bends or ridges of the folds lie
uppermost and form surfaces 7,7 for the feet to lodge on. The footrest is bent or
set as shown in Figures XIII and XIV so that the top clip may embrace the
socket tube 13 and the lower clip embrace the lower backbone 10 while the
tongues 16, 18 lie one on each side of and in contact with the joint 14 connecting
these two members, to steady the footrest sideways. The tongues 18, 18 may be
dispensed with if desired. This form of footrest has the advantages of speedy
detachability and security in position, besides comparative nearness to the rider.
6. Referring to Figures XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, XIX, and XX Sheet 6.
According to another method we make the two footrests separately from each
other, the one being similar and converse to the other. To make one rest we take
a strip 27 of sheet steel or other suitable material and of suitable dimensions and
more or less of rectangular form and cut a square, oblong or other conveniently
shaped piece out of one corner and a corresponding piece out of the corner
diagonally opposite to it, thus forming notches therein as shown at 19, 19
Figure XV.
We then bend the strip along its greater axis so as to double it
flatwise. The bend (20-21 see Figure XVI) takes the shape of a curve forming
more than a semi-circle and less than a complete circle and having a radius slightly
less than the radius of the lower backbone 10 and to which the rest is to be fitted;
and at each end of the curve 20-21 we make another curve 20-22, and 21-23
respectively in the opposite direction causing the two parts of the strip to lie
parallel or approximately parallel to each other, as shown in plan such as
Figure XVI and (with the notched ends turned inwards) in the end view at
Figure XVII. The doubled strip is then turned through a number of degrees on
its own axis, the bend taking place close to the curves and the number of degrees
being such that the doubled portion of the strip beyond the axial bend will have its
sides in a vertical, or other convenient position when the rest is in place on the
velocipede as shown in side elevation at Figure XVIII. The rest is placed on the
backbone 10 so that it (the backbone) is partly embraced by the bent part 20-21
in the centre of the strip, but as the radius of the bend (20-21) is less than the
radius of the backbone (10) the rest has a spring grip on the backbone and the
two parts of the strip next to the before mentioned curves depart at an angle instead
of parallel from such curves though they may remain in parallel planes, as shown
at Figure XVIII. The difference between the radii of the rest and of the
backbone respectively and the elasticity of the metal are made sufficient to
.hold the rest in its position without compressing bolts and nuts or other extrinsic
assistance. The ends of the strip are then caused to approach one another until
the notched ends 19, 19 (which have previously been bent over for the purpose)
meet and are made to lock the one side into the other as shown in the side elevation
Figure XIX, where the notches are represented as forming hooks, which form we
prefer as giving greater security. The inter-locking of the notched ends springs
the part of the strip back into a more or less parallel position as shown at
Figure XIX, which increases the grip on the backbone enough to enable the strip
to bear the pressure to which a footrest is subjected. The two rests may be so set
or recessed with respect to each other that their respective upper edges 7, 7 are in
a line or approximately in a line with each other and the curved or other portions
may be so constructed and placed as to interlock and prevent one moving without
the other as shown at 64 Figure XX where the curved parts 20-21 of the clips
are stepped for the purpose; the stepping is also indicated by dotted lines in
Figure XV. The rests may readily be detached by disengaging the locked ends,
allowing the two parts to spread out at an angle as shown in Figure XVIII and
pushing or springing them off the backbone.

page_text: another method, we make the two rests in one piece from a piece of sheet steel or
other suitable material and of suitable dimensions. The piece is of approximately
oblong shape but on each of the long sides we make a pair of hook like pro--
jections 24, 24 situated at a convenient distance apart with the points of each pair
of books directed towards each other. The tongues 8, 8 are formed along the
longitudinal centre line of the oblong as in the third method hereinbefore described,
(see Figure VI). The middle of the piece, and if desired parts of the tongues 8, 8.
are curved transversely to the radius of the lower backbone 10, to which this form
of footrest is to be attached and to the tongues 8, 8 or the remaining parts of the
tongues, as the case may be; are directed upwards, parallel or approximately
parallel to each other and at a distance apart equal or approximately equal to the
diameter of the said backbone. The remainder of the oblong is then folded more
or less along its longitudinal centre line, the edges being bent up to form the
surfaces 7, 7 for the feet to lodge on. This brings one side of each of the hook like.
projections 24, into contact with or approximately to one edge of one of the tongues.
The end of each hook is then bent sideways at or about a right angle towards the
central plane of the rest, thus engaging with the tongues 8, 8 and preventing their
(the tongues) being drawn together without correspondingly affecting the other
parts of the rest. The rest is fitted on to the lower backbone 10 so that the two-
tongues pass up one on each side thereof as shown at Figure XXII and it is secured
by a loose loop 25 (shown in plan at Figure XXIII) slipped over the turned back
ends of the tongues 8, 8 and provided with a tightening screw 26 threaded inwards
through one end thereof, by which the tongues and rests are tightened on the
backbone. The turned back ends of the tongues 8, 8 prevent the loop slipping off
when the said tongues are down towards each other by the said loop and screw.
Instead of a loop and screw the tongues may be provided with holes near their free-
ends and a bolt and nut be employed as hereinbefore described with reference to our
third method (see Figures VII and VIII) and in this case the ends of the tongues
will be preferably bent forward (to clear the head of the bolt and the base of the
nut) rather than back. This method of attachment allows of ready detachment by
removing the loop or bolt as the case may be.
8. Referring to Figures XXIV and XXV Sheet 8. According to another
method we take two strips 24, 28 of steel or other suitable material and of suitable
dimensions and curve a portion 29 at or near the centre of each so that when one of the
strips is laid evenly on the other the two curved portions 29, 29 enclose a space or-
hole not larger than and preferably smaller than the part of the backbone 10 on to
which they are to be fitted. The radii of the curved portions 29, 29 is preferably
equal to the radius of the backbone 10, while the curves are together less than a circle,
so that a good grip is afforded while the pressure is well distributed over the surface
of the backbone, and the curved portions 29, 29 are so arranged that the axis 9,9
of
the hole cuts the central vertical (or approximately vertical) plane h, h of the rest
diagonally so that the parts of the strips beyond the curves lie in a position well
calculated to enable the rest to bear the pressure which it is intended to bear, as.
shown in the side view of Figure XXV. The strips 24, 28 are laid with the
curved up portion one under and the other over the backbone 10 and are secured in
position by bolts 11, or by bolts 11 and nuts 12 or some other equivalent well
known arrangement for drawing and holding them together and which arrangement.
also allows of the ready detachment of the rest. Where bolts are employed
without nuts the said bolts are passed through clearance or if preferred tapped holes.
into tapped holes; but where nuts are employed with the bolts it is not necessary
to employ the said tapped holes as is well known.
9. Referring to Figure XXVI Sheet 9. According to another method we-
forge, stamp, cast or otherwise form a ring of suitable material and dimensions,
the internal diameter of the ring being such as to enable the rest to obtain a.
firm hold on the lower backbone 10 of the velocipede to which it is to be attached.
The ring is divided transversely into two parts 33, 34 and each part is provided
with a radial wing 35, 36 at each of its extremities and each wing is bored

page_text: through and is otherwise adapted to be drawn and held to the corresponding wing-
on the other part of the ring by a bolt 11, or bolt 11 and nut 12 in the usual
way thus forming the ring into a readily detachable clamp. Projecting from
each side of the ring we form a bar 6, 16. The two bars 6, 16 are adapted for
the feet to lodge on and are preferably arranged in line with each other and
at right angles to the dividing line of the ring as shown.
10. Referring to Figures XXVII and XXVIII. Sheet 9. According to another
method we forge, stamp, cast or otherwise form a ring of suitable material and
dimensions, the internal diameter of the ring being such as to enable the rest
to obtain a firm hold on the lower backbone 10 of the velocipede to which it
is to be attached. The ring is divided into two parts 33, 34 and one end of
one part is hinged to one end of the other part in any suitable manner so that
the axis of the ring 37 is parallel to the axis of the ring. The other end of
each part of the ring is provided with a radial wing 35, 36 and each wing is
bored through and is otherwise adapted to be drawn and held to the other by a bolt
or bolt and nut as hereinafter described thus forming the ring into a readily detach-
able clamp, two bars 6, 16 (of suitable material and dimensions) which are
adapted for the feet to lodge on are formed, one with a shoulder and projecting
externally screw-threaded stud 11 and the other with a shoulder like base and
internally screw threaded axial hole 12. The screw threaded ends 11, 12 of
the bars 6, 16 are adapted to form a bolt and nut (the bolt and nut above referred
to) for the clamp which is thereby secured to the said backbone 10. If desired
one of the bars may be made in one piece with the ring, rising from one of the
wings in the position it would assume if attached thereto when not in one piece
therewith, as shown in Figure XXIX where the bar 16 formed with the
internally screw threaded end 12 is formed in one piece with the wing 36 and
the bar formed with the screw threaded stud 11 is adapted to be screwed into the
part 36, 12, the clamp thus being adapted to be secured with a bolt, the bolt (as
distinguished from a bolt and nut) above referred to.
11. Referring to Figure XXX. Sheet 10. According to another method we
form a ring as in the method lastly described and form one of each of the two
bars 6, 16 in one piece with one of each of the two parts 33, 34 respectively. Iu
this case we draw and hold the wings 35, 36 together and the rest in place on the
lower backbone of the velocipede by an ordinary bolt 11 or bolt 11 and nut 12,
which may be readily undone for detaching purposes.
12. Referring to Figure XXXI. Sheet 10. According to another method we
forge, stamp, cast or otherwise form two bars 6, 16 and on one end of each we form
a curved arm 33, 34 respectively. The radii of the interior surfaces of the curved
arms we make such as to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the lower backbone
of the velocipede to which it is to be attached. The arm 33 extends to approxi-
mately a semicircle and the free end of it is hinged in any suitable manner to the
bar 16, at the root of the curved arm 34 thereon; the axis of the binge 37 is made
at right angles to the plane of the bars and arms. The other arm 34 is curved for
some distance and then runs off more or less at a tangent and has the end provided
with an external screw thread forming it into a scew or bolt 11.
The end of the
bar is provided with an aperture 38 through which the screw 11 may project and
which is made large enough to allow of the screw 11 passing in or out of the hole
when the parts are moved on the hinge 37. By moving the parts on the hinge so
as to withdraw the screw 11 from the aperture 38 and continuing the movement
in the same direction a space is left between the end of the screw 11 and
the bar 6, the said space being sufficiently large to allow of the footrest being
placed on the said backbone. By moving the parts in the opposite direction on the
hinge the arms 33, 34 close round the backbone. The screw 11 enters and projects
through the aperture 38 and the clamp so formed may be tightened by a suitable
nut 12 working on the screw 11 and abutting against the bar 6 around the mouth
of the aperture 38 or a suitable washer 39 interposed between the nut and the
bar. The rest may be readily detached after removing the nut from the screw 11.

page_text: 13. Referring to Figure XXXII. Sheet 10. According to another method we
take two bars 6, 16 similar to those herein before described with reference to our
twelfth method and enlarge one end of each. Across each of these enlarged ends.
we form a concave transverse groove 17 preferably at right angles to the length
of the said bars respectively. The dimensions of the grooves we make such as
to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the lower backbone 10 of the velocipede
to which the rest is to be attached. These grooves form or produce open jaws 33, 34
on the ends of the bars 6, 16 respectively. We make one part of each jaw longer
than the other and hinge the longer parts of the two jaws together in any suitable
manner the axis of the hinge 37 being parallel to the lengths of the grooves. The
same longer parts of the jaws are produced beyond the hinge to form two bosses,
lugs or wings 35, 36 and the lug 35 is perforated with a hole 38 directed at
right angles to the axis of the hinge 37. The said hole is provided with an
internal screw thread and into it is screwed a screw 11 the point of which is
directed against the other lug 36. The lugs 35, 36 are situated at such a
distance apart that when the screw 11 is turned back for the purpose the parts may
be moved on the hinge so that the shorter parts of the jaws recede from each other
sufficiently to allow of the footrest being placed on the said backbone. Turning the
screw forward against the lug 36 causes the parts to move in the opposite direction
on the hinge so that the jaws 33, 34 close upon the backbone and hold the rest
firmly to it. The rest may be readily detached after turning back the screw 11.
14. Referring to Figure XXXIII. Sheet 11. According to another method we
form a ring and two bars similar to those herein before described with reference to
our eleventh method (see Figure XXX). The radial wings 35, 36 of the ring
however are preferably curved or bent away from each other or otherwise set
apart as shown at Figure XXXIII and are adapted to be drawn together by a
loose loop 25 and tightening screw 26, the loop being slipped over the wings and
the screw being screwed through one end of the loop as hereinbefore described
with reference to our seventh method see Figures XXII and XXIII. Or the
end of the loop 25 opposite to the screw 26 may be hinged to one of the wings
say 35," as shown in Figure XXXIV the axis of the hinge 45 of the loop being
parallel to the axis of the hinge 37 of the wing and the screw 26 is then made to
bear against the other wing 36. The footrest is attached to the lower backbone
and may be readily detached after releasing the screw 26 and loop 25.
"
15. Referring to Figure XXXV. Sheet 11. According to another method we
take a bar 6 of steel or other suitable material of suitable dimensions the length
being sufficient to allow both feet to lodge on the bar. At or about the centre of
the underside of this bar we form a boss of convenient size and cut or otherwise
form therein a transverse groove 17 and consequently, two projections or
wings 33, 34. We perforate one of these wings "say 34," with a hole 38 directed
at right angles to the length of the groove 17 and more or less nearly parallel to
the length of the.bar 6. The said hole is provided with an internal screw thread
and into it is screwed a screw 11 the point of which is directed towards the other
wing 33. The wing 33 also may be provided with a similar screw or more than
one screw may be employed in either or both wings if desired. The dimensions of
the groove and the position or positions and dimensions of the screw or screws are
such as to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the lower backbone of the
velocipede to which it is to be attached. That is to say, a straight line such
as a. b connecting the point of contact a between the backbone 10 and the screw 11
on one side, and the point of contact 6 between the backbone and the opposite wing
or side of the groove on the other side, or a line or lines between the screw or
screws on one side and the screw or screws on the other side, would pass to the side
of the axis, of the backbone furthest away from the bottom of the groove 17, so
that tightening the screw or one or more of the screws, as the case may be, tends to
force the backbone further into the groove and so to tighten the rest thereon.
The backbone 10 is preferably protected against the point or points of the screw
с

page_text: or screws respectively by a plate or washer such as 46. The rest may be readily
detached after releasing the screw or screws as the case may be.
16. Referring to Figures XXXVI and XXXVII. Sheet 11. According to
another method we take a bar 6 similar to that herein before described with
reference to our fifteenth method but we partly or entirely dispense with the bars
and make the transverse groove 17 comparatively shallow preferably not deeper
than the radius of the backbone 10. From a piece of steel or other suitable
material and of suitable dimensions we form a curved band 33, 34 preferably of
U shape and modify each end to form one or more externally screw threaded
bolts 11, 11. Figure XXXVII shows a band having two bolts 11, on each side.
The dimensions of the groove and of the interior curve of the band we make such
as to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the lower backbone 10 of the
velocipede to which it is to be attached. The bar 6 is approached to one side
preferably the upper of the backbone and the band 33, 34 to the opposite side.
The screw threaded bolts 11 pass and project partly through suitable transverse
holes 38, 38 made for the purpose in the bar. The parts are drawn and held
together by suitable nuts 12, 12 screwed down the bolts on to the said bar. Instead
of forming the bolts 11 in one piece with the band, they may be brazed, rivetted or
otherwise suitably attached thereto; this construction is well adapted to bands of
thin flexible steel and the like. The rest may be readily detached after removing
the said nuts.
17. Referring to Figures XXXVIII and XXXIX. Sheet 12. According to
another method we take a bar 6 similar to that herein before described with
reference to our fifteenth method but make the wings 33, 34 of such a length as to
project a convenient distance or distances beyond the level of the lower backbone 10
of the velocipede to which the rest is to be attached, when the rest is in position on
the said backbone. Through each of the wings and at a convenient distance from
the end thereof we form an aperture or slot 38, 38 the two apertures being arranged
conveniently more or less in line with each other. From a piece of steel or other
suitable material and of suitable dimensions we form a taper cotter 40 and provide
the smaller end 11 with an external screw thread. We so arrange the position
and dimensions of the apertures 38, 38 that if a line c-c be drawn between their
upper extremities and another line d-d be drawn between their lower extremities
the lower part of the circumference of the backbone 10 will lie between such
lines cc and d-d. Measuring at right angles to the axis a of the backbone we
make the smaller end of the cotter 40 less than, and the larger end thereof greater
than the distance between the line e-e (which is a tangent to the lower part of the
circumference of the backbone 10 drawn parallel to the line d-d) and the line d-d,
and we make the said cotter, measuring lengthwise from the part thereof which is
equal in depth to the distance between the lines e-e and d-d, sufficiently long in
one direction for its larger end to project a material distance into and preferably
through the aperture in the wing 33, and in the other direction for its smaller
screw threaded end 11 to project a naterial distance through the aperture in the
wing 34, so that when the cotter 40 is passed into the apertures 38, 38 in the
wings 33, 34 part of the upper surface of the cotter comes into contact with
the said backbone 10, and the screw threaded end 11 projects such a distance
through the wing 34 as to allow of a suitable nut 12 being screwed thereon.
Screwing the nut 12 further on to the cotter causes the backbone 10 to be gripped
between the groove 17 and the cotter and the rest to be securely attached to the
said backbone. Instead of allowing the cotter 40 to bear directly on the backbone,
a suitable block or saddle preferably having its upper side shaped to suit the back-
bone and its lower side shaped to suit the cotter may be interposed between the
two parts 10 and 40 so as to distribute the pressure over a larger surface of the
backbone. Such a saddle is shown in Figure XXXIX, if one be used its depth
must be allowed for in arranging the length of the wings 33, 34 the positions and
dimensions of the apertures 38, 38 and the dimensions of the cotter 40 with respect

page_text: to the dimensions of the groove 17 and the backbone 10. Instead of using a taper
cotter we may substitute therefor a cross bar 40 as shown in Figure XL, the same
being preferably provided at one end with a head 43 and at the other with a screw
thread 41 and suitable nut 42 to hold it firmly yet detachably in position. The
bar is provided with an internally screw threaded aperture 44 directed towards the
centre of the groove. Into this aperture is screwed a suitable screw 11 (carrying
if desired a lock nut 12) the point of which screw may bear directly against the
backbone 10, but as this would be liable to dent the backbone if the same be made,
as usual, of light gauge tube, we prefer to interpose a shaped saddle 46, similar to
that above described with reference to Figure XXXIX, except that the lower
surface may be specially adapted to suit the point of the screw 11. Whether a
saddle be used or not, turning the screw 11 inwards tightens the hold of the rest on
the backbone. The wings 33, 34 and the apertures 38 therein are modified to suit
the employment of the bar instead of the cotter. The cotter and cross bar are
preferably prevented from rotating on their axis by making them and one or both
of the apertures through which they pass of other than circular transverse section,
the said sections and the relative dimensions of both sections and cotter or bar
corresponding to a sufficient degree for the purpose, but the same result may be
obtained in any suitable manner. The rest may be readily detached from the
backbone by removing the nut 12 and cotter 40 or the screw 11 (and nut 12 if
any) nuts 42 and cross bar 40, as the case may be.
18. Referring to Figure XLI and XLII. Sheet 13. According to another method
we take a bar 6 similar to that hereinbefore described with reference to our
sixteenth method and to one edge of the similar groove 17 therein we hinge in any
suitable manner an arm 34 of steel or any other suitable material and of suitable
dimensions, the axis of the hinge 37 being placed parallel to the length of the
groove.
The arm 34 is preferably flat transversely and placed with its width parallel to
the axis of the hinge and it may be somewhat curved in its length towards the
opposite side of the groove as shown. The end of the bar or arm 34 is brought to
a cylindrical form and provided with an external screw thread forming it into a
screw or bolt 11. To the other end of the groove is similarly hinged by one end
a similar arm 33 and the other end thereof is provided with a slot or aperture 38
adapted to receive the screw threaded end 11 of the first arm 34. If a slot be
employed that is carried right out to the end of the arm, the outer face of the arm
is preferably recessed around the closed end of the slot to receive the base of the
nut 12 hereinafter mentioned or other suitable means may be provided for
preventing the screw 11 drawing endways out of the slot 38 when the nut 12 is
tightened. The dimensions of the groove and arms are such as to enable the rest
to obtain a firm hold on the backbone 10 of the velocipede to which it is to be
attached.
To attach the rest to the velocipede, the shallow groove is brought into contact
with one side preferably the upper side of the backbone 10 and screw threaded
end 11 of the arm 34 is passed into and partly through the slot or aperture 38 in
the end of the arm 33 and the rest is secured in position by screwing a suitable
nut 12 down the screw 11 on the slotted end of the arm 33. If desired one of the
arms may be made a fixture instead of being hinged; if the arm 33 be fixed the
slot 38 therein will require to be carried out to the end to admit the screw 11 and
whichever arm be fixed the space between such arm and the bar 6 must be made
sufficient to allow of the rest being passed on to the backbone and any other
necessary modifications may be made accordingly. The rest may be readily
detached after releasing the nut, if an open slot be used, or after removing the nut
if the slot be enclosed.
19. Referring to Figures XLIII and XLIV. Sheet 13. According to another
method we take a bar 6 similar to that lastly hereinbefore described and provide
it with a similar groove 17. We take a flexible band 50 of thin steel or other
suitable material and of suitable dimensions. We provide one end of the hole with

page_text: a button hole 47, the tail of the hole being directed away from the length of the
band and we provide the other end of the band with a suitable necked button or
stud 48 projecting perpendicularly therefrom and make the head of the stud
preferably of the form of a half sphere.
At a suitable distance apart we form two apertures 38, 38 through the bar 6
directed approximately at right angles both to the length of the bar and to the
length of the groove 17 therein. The said apertures are adapted for the passage
therethrough of the respective ends of the band; neither of the apertures need be
made large enough for the passage therethrough of the stud 48, as the other end
which has no encumbrance, may be passed down through one aperture and up
through the other.
Near to or at, the centre of the bar we form a screw threaded aperture 30 with its
length at right angles to the length of the groove; the said aperture may extend right
through the bar or it may penetrate to only a limited depth below its mouth in the
side of the bar opposite to the groove 17. We insert in this aperture 30 a suitable
screw 11 with its point toward the groove and provide its head with a cuplike or
other recess adapted to receive the head of the stud 48. The screw 11 is also
provided with one or more tommy holes 49 or other means for rotating the same.
To attach the rest to the lower backbone 10 of the velocipede the shallow
groove 17 of the bar is brought into contact with one side, preferably the upper
side of the backbone. The band 50 is then passed through the slots 38, 38 in the
bar so as to embrace the backbone and the ends of the band are buttoned together
with the head of the stud 48 downwards and opposite to the head of the screw 11.
The screw is then turned outwards until the recess in its head engages with the
stud 48 and draws the band 50 up until the backbone is held tightly between the
band and the groove in the bar. The dimensions of the various parts we make
such as to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the backbone. The rest may be
readily detached after turning back the screw and unbuttoning the band.
20. Referring to Figures XLV and XLVI. Sheet 14. According to another
method we take a bar 6 similar to that lastly herein before described and provide it
with a shallow groove 17. Through the bar at or near the centre thereof we form
an aperture 38 and suitably strengthen the bar to compensate for the formation of
the said aperture therein. The said aperture is somewhat of a triangular form, the
base lying between the ends of the groove 17 and lengthwise with the bar and the
plane of the triangle being at right angles to the length of the groove. We take a
ring 33, 34 of steel or other suitable material and of suitable dimensions and form
a radially projecting stud 11 on the circumference thereof and provide such stud
with an external screw thread. The ring 33, 34 may be continuous, in which case
it is slipped on to the lower backbone 10 of the velocipede to which the rest is to
be attached during the process of manufacturing the said velocipede. Or the ring
may be split through the stud 11 as shown by the dotted line Figure XLV, and
be hinged as hereinbefore described with 'reference to our tenth method (see
Figure XXVII, 37.), the two wings 35, 36 being brought together to form the
screw threaded stud 11 or a flexible band 50 may form part of the ring as shown
in Figure XLV1 having the ends rivetted or otherwise secured to the parts 33, 34
or the ring may be made of one piece of sufficiently flexible material or other
suitable means may be adopted for placing it (the ring) around, the backbone.
The dimensions of the groove and ring are such as to enable the rest to obtain a
firm hold on the said backbone. The rest is placed on the backbone preferably in
a position similar to that lastly herein before described and is secured to it (the said
backbone) by screwing a suitable nut 12 down the screw threaded stud 11 which
projects through the bar 6 until it (the said nut) bears firmly on the said bar around
the small part of the aperture 38 and the backbone 10 is gripped between the groove
and the opposite part of the ring. The whole rest, or all of it except the ring, as
the case may be may be readily detached after removing the nut 12.
21. Referring to Figures XLVII and XLVIII. Sheet 14. According to
another method we take a tube of steel or other suitable material and of suitable

page_text: dimensions, the length being sufficient for both feet to lodge on. We take two
blocks 51, 52 of steel or other suitable material and of suitable dimensions, and
groove one face of each lengthwise, the two grooves 53, 54 respectively corre-
sponding to each other so as to enable the said blocks to obtain a firm grip on the
said tube when placed opposite to each other thereon and drawn sufficiently towards
each other. On the block 52 we form another groove 17 transversely to the
first 54, and on the side opposite to that in which the said first groove is formed.
We take a curved band 33, 34 similar to that herein before described with reference
to our sixteenth method (see Figures XXXVI and XXXVII) and form two
externally screw threaded bolts 11, 11 on each end thereof, or we may use two
bands with one bolt on each end thereof as shown in Figure XLVIII.
The dimensions of the groove 17 and of the interior curve or curves of the band
or bands 33, 34, as the case may be, we make such as to enable the rest to obtain a
firm hold on the socket tube 13 of the velocipede to which it is to be attached.
The tube 6 and blocks 51, 52 arranged as above described are approached to one
side, preferably the back of the socket tube and the transverse groove 17 in the
block 52 is brought into contact more or less evenly therewith. The screw
threaded bolts 11 pass and project partly through holes 38, 38 made for the
purpose in the blocks 51, 52. The holes 38, 38 are situated at a distance from
each other exceeding the diameter of the tube 6 when measured transversely to such
tube and at a distance exceeding the diameter of the socket tube 13 when measured
transversely to such socket tube; further, they are preferably set relatively in a
rectangular form and parallel to each other. The parts are drawn and held firmly
together by suitable nuts 12, 12 screwed down the said bolts 11 on to the block 51
and on to the surface thereof opposite to the groove 53. The tube 6 may be
readily detached from the blocks and the whole rest from the socket tube 13 after
first removing the said nuts 12, 12. If preferred, a solid or partly solid bar may be
used instead of the tube.
22. Referring to Figures XLIX and L. Sheet 15. According to another
method we take a tube 6 similar to that herein before described with reference to
our twenty first method and cut out a piece of suitable form and dimensions from
the middle thereof leaving a gap of suitable form and dimensions. We then flatten
out the part of the tube opposite the gap and curve such flattened out part to such
a curve that with the adjacent edges of the walls of the tube a groove 17 is formed
adapted to enable the rest to obtain a firm hold on the lower backbone 10 of the
velocipede to which it is to be attached. To one end of the tube we secure a wire
or band 50 (of steel or other suitable material and of suitable form and dimensions),
by a coned stop 53 (attached to the wire or band in any suitable manner) engaging
with the flared end of the tube 6, or otherwise. This wire or band is continued
through the tube 6 to the other end thereof where it passes through a similar and
similarly placed cone 54 or its equivalent and is provided with an external screw
thread 11 at the end and a corresponding nut 12. If the part 50 be a cylindrical
wire the screw thread may be formed directly on the end thereof, or a separate
suitable screw may be brazed or secured in any other suitable manner thereto so
that it shall not rotate thereou, and where the end of the wire or band is not well
adapted to receive a suitable external screw thread we prefer to so attach a
separate screw thereto, as shown. To attach the rest to the backbone the flattened
and curved part of the tube is brought into contact with one side, preferably the
upper, of the backbone the curve being slightly straightened if the curve of the
groove 17 exceeds a semi-circle, as shown, so as to spring the tube into position.
The wire or band 50 is then passed down the tube, coming into contact with the
opposite side of the backbone on the way; the end having the screw 11 is passed
partly through the cone 54 and the nut 12 screwed on to it. Screwing the nut 12
down on to the cone 54 draws the wire or band 50 tight and compresses the parts of
the tube containing the groove 17 lengthwise into close contact with the backbone 10
and also grips the said backbone transversely between the flattened and curved part
of the tube 6 and the wire or band 50. The rest may be readily detached after

page_text: removing the nut 12. The fixed end of the wire or band 50 may be secured to any
-other convenient point in that part of the tube beyond the groove 17 (reckoning from
the end of the tube to which the screw or screw thread 11 is brought) and secured
thereto in any other convenient manner, and in this case if preferred, a partly solid
bar may be used instead of the tube, the solid part extending between the point
where the band or wire is secured and the end nearer thereto.
We
23. Referring to Figures LI & LII Sheet 15. According to another method we
forge, stamp, cast or otherwise form or build up the rests 6, 16 in or into one piece
with the metal joint 14 in which are united the outer head tube 13 of the socket
steering and the lower backbone 10 of a velocipede. We prefer to screw two
bars 6, 16 into suitably internally screw threaded holes in lugs 53, 53 formed in any
.convenient positions on the said joint for the purpose in the process of manufacture
or added thereafter in any suitable manner. This method places the rests higher
than if they were attached to the forksides and prevents their downward slipping.
24. Referring to Figures LIII & LIV Sheet 16. According to another method
we make the two rests in one piece from an oblong or approximately oblong piece
of sheet steel or other suitable material and of suitable dimensions. Equidistant or
approximately equidistant from cach end of the oblong we cut a suitably shaped
piece out of each side thereof, bringing it to the form shown in Figure LIII. We
then roll the oblong parallel to its length into a tube 6, the general form of the
same being similar to the gapped tube hereinbefore described with reference to our
twenty second method (see Figures XLIX & L) but the present gap 17 need not
be arranged to fit the backbone though we prefer that it shall do so to some extent.
We prefer to cause the edges of the tube to overlap to a convenient extent and
rivet them together employing an internal mandril in the well known manner and
either with or without the assistance of soldering or brazing. Or the tube may be
-drawn weldless or be constructed, and shaped, in any other suitable manner.
also take a strip 50 of flexible sheet steel or other suitable material and of suitable
dimensions, the said dimensions being such as to enable the rest to obtain a firm
hold on the lower backbone 10 of the velocipede to which it is to be attached.
curve this strip transversely to a radius more or less nearly equal to that of the said
backbone and curl up the ends also transversely but preferably in the opposite
.direction. We rivet and solder or otherwise secure the strip 50 to the tube 6, the
top of the exterior of the curve of the strip being secured to the top of the interior
of the gap 17 and the width of the strip being at right angles to the length of the
tube. We form an aperture 38 of suitable dimensions transversely through each of
the curled ends 35, 36 of the strip, the two apertures being set in line with each
other. To attach the rest the curved band 50 is opened and made to embrace the
lower backbone 10 so that the tube 6 lies horizontally across the upper or under,
preferably the upper, side thereof and to secure it in position a suitable screw
threaded bolt 11 is passed up to the head through the apertures in the curled
ends 35, 36 and a suitable nut 12 is screwed on to the end thereof so as to draw the
two curled ends of the strip towards each other, until the strip tightly embraces the
backbone. If desired a longitudinal gap may be cut in the strip and other means
than curling the ends thereof may be adopted for enabling such ends to bear the
strain set up by tightening the nut on the bolt. Solid metal ends may be rivetted
or otherwise suitably secured thereto for the purpose. The rest may be readily
.detached after removing the nut and bolt.
.
We
25. Referring to Figures LV, LVI, and LVII Sheet 16. According to another
method we stamp, press, cut or otherwise form or build up the rests in or into one
piece with one of the two plates forming a fork-crown of the kind well-known as a
"plate fork-crown." We extend the plate 56 or 57 lengthwise in both directions
and cause the extensions 6, 6 to take the form of oblong or approximately oblong
strips of suitable dimensions as shown at Figure LV. To impart the necessary
strength to the extensions we fold them upwards or downwards more or less along
their longitudinal centre dines, giving them a U or V or other convenient shape in
transverse section (see Figures LVI and LVII where they are represented as

page_text: 61
folded upwards and of a U section), and we preferably use a thicker plate than
that usually employed. This method places the rests higher than if they were
attached to the members of the fork in the usual position and prevents their
downward slipping.
26. Referring to Figures LVIII and LIX Sheet 17. According to another
method we make the two rests of two pieces lying side by side or of one piece.
doubled. In the former case we stamp press, cut or otherwise form two strips 27, 28
of sheet steel or other suitable material and of suitable dimensions, the width of the
middle portions of the strips corresponding to the distance between the upper and
lower plates 56, 57 of a plate fork crown 4, to which this form of rest is specially
applicable. We bend or curve the strips along their respective greater axes to
follow the members 5, 5 of the fork and the inner head tube 65 so that one strip (27)
fits on to the front of the crown between the upper and lower plates 56, 57 thereof
and the other (28) on to the back of the crown in a similar position. We secure-
the strips in position by two or more bolts 11, passing up to their heads through
suitable pairs of holes formed transversely through the said strips, the respective
holes in one strip being situated opposite to the respective holes in the other strip
as shown; the bolts 11 are provided with external screw threads and are screwed
into the holes in the plate or strip 28, the said holes being provided with suitable
internal screw threads; suitable nuts 12 may be used instead of or in addition to
the said screw threads in the holes. The bolts 11 may pass between the
members 5, 5 of the fork as shown in full lines, or outside of the same as shown in
dotted lines, or both. We cause the end portions of the strips to form the
parts 6, 6 for the feet to lodge on and prefer to turn the extremities in towards
each other as shown in Fig. LVIII so as to form rounded ends to the rest.
desired, instead of using two strips, one strip of the same or approximately the
same total length as the two may be employed. In this latter case we fold and
bend or curve the strip to the same form as the two strips and the two ends thereof
are preferably brought together at one end of the rest as shown at 58, or at the
middle of one side as shown at 59, but they may be brought together at any other
convenient point, or a space of any convenient dimensions may be left between
them, such as from 60-61, the total length of the strip.being reduced to an extent
corresponding to the length of such space. The rest may be readily detached after
removing the bolts 11 and, if any, the nuts 12.
5
If
The rest is placed higher than if it were attached to the members 5, 5 of the
fork in the usual position and the lower plate 57 of the crown prevents its downward
slipping. This rest has the further advantage of adding to the strength and
appearance of the plate fork crown.
27. Referring to Figure LX. Sheet 17. According to another method we take
a bar or tube 6 of steel or other suitable material and of convenient dimensions, the
length being sufficient to allow both feet to lodge on. This bar or tube we pass so
far through the transverse hole in a tubular or similar fork crown 4 (to which this
-form of rest is specially applicable) that the ends of the bar or tube project equal
The bar or tube
or approximately equal distances beyond the sides of the crown.
may be brazed or otherwise secured in position; or it may be provided with a
shoulder 54 at a convenient distance from one end and an external screw thread 11
at a similar distance from the other end so that by passing the bar or tube 6 into
position in the tubular part of the forkcrown 4 and screwing on a suitable nut 12
the bar or tube may be locked in or to the forkcrown as shown in Figure LX, and
by removing the nut, it may be detached.
As a modification of this method we may make the two rests 6, 16 separate from
each other and screw (as shown in Figure LXI) or otherwise secure, detachably or
fixedly, one rest into one end of the tubular part of the crown 4 and the other rest
into the other end thereof. In either case, these rests, possess similar advantages
with respect to position; as those constructed according to the method lastly
herein before described....
7.1
11.
In those cases in which we use sheet steel or the like for the construction of our

page_text: footrests we work the metal into the desired form while soft and harden and temper
it if necessary afterwards. Instead of the spring clip fastenings, hereinbefore
described in our first, fourth and fifth methods, the nut and bolt fastening, herein-
before described in our third method, may be employed.
Where we make folds in such sheet steel or the like we sometimes slit the metal
in any suitable manner for a convenient distance along the folding line as shown in
Figure VI.
In all cases where a bar or bars, tube or tubes or the like, is or are clipped, or
clamped or similarly attached to the velocipede, such bar or bars, tube or tubes or
the like may, if preferred, be made separately from the attachment and screwed
(see Figures XXVI and XXXIII) or otherwise suitably secured thereto instead
of being made in one piece therewith and the bars may be made solid or tubular.
All or any of the surfaces of the rests that are adapted for the feet to lodge on may
be serrated (see Figures IV, V, XXX, LVIII and LIX) except preferably in the
case of light tubes or may be provided with rubber, felt or other such like yielding
coverings or treads 62 (see Figures XXXII and XLVII), if desired. In those
cases in which the footrests are attached to the lower backbone or other usually
tubular parts of the velocipede, we prefer to make the surfaces of the attachments
which come in contact with such tubular parts of such an area and form, that they
shall not readily dent or otherwise damage the said tubular parts. Leather or
other suitable packing may if desired be introduced in any suitable well known
manner between the parts which would otherwise be in contact, and the dimensions
of the parts may be varied to suit such packing. By employing or removing
packing, making the screws and other parts of suitable means, the rests may be
provided with a range of adjustment as to the size of the parts they may be
attached to.
Where apertures are made through the bars suitable provision is made where
necessary for compensating for the weakness arising from such apertures. It will be
obvious that all the hereinbefore described footrests are free from the disadvantages
arising from a rest slipping down the fork. If desired many of the footrests that
are hereinbefore described as being fitted to the lower backbone 10 of a velocipede
may obviously be fitted to the outer head or socket tube 13 as shown for example
in Figures XLVII and XLVIII, or other convenient part thereof and in certain
cases to other forms of velocipedes than the rear driving safety bicycle and the
direct steering tricycle without any modifications, or with but slight modifications.
Various combinations and modifications of the forms of footrest and the methods
of making the same hereinbefore described may be made without exceeding the
limits of our invention.
.
We are aware that footrests have already been adapted to be and have been
attached to the lower backbones of rear driving safety bicycles and direct steering
tricycles, some or all of which are adapted to be fitted to other suitable parts of
such velocipedes and we do not broadly claim any such arrangement but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The several improved forms of footrests for velocipedes constructed and
arranged so as to be within easy reach of the rider and in some cases to be readily
detachable and to be free from downward slipping substantially as herein described
and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our first method and as illustrated in Figures I, II
and III of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set forth.
3. In a footrest for a velocipede constructing the same from a single piece of
sheet steel or other suitable material and forming and applying it so that it holds
itself to the forkcrown and one forkside of a velocipede, without any assistance

page_text: beyond its own form and elasticity substantially as herein described with reference
to our first method.
4. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our second method and as illustrated in Figures IV
and V of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set forth.
5. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our third method and as illustrated in Figures VI, VII
and VIII of the accompanying drawings for the purposes set forth.
6 A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our fourth method and as illustrated in Figures IX, X
and XI of the accompanying drawings for the purposes set forth.
7. In a footrest for a velocipede constructing the same from a single piece of
sheet steel or other suitable material and forming and applying it so that it holds
itself to the lower backbone or other suitable part of a velocipede without any
assistance beyond its own form and elasticity, substantially as herein described
with reference to our fourth method.
8. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our fifth method and as illustrated in Figures XII, XIII
and XIV of the accompanying drawings for the purposes set forth.
9. In a footrest for a velocipede constructing the same from a single piece of
sheet steel or other suitable material and forming and applying it so that it holds
itself to the socket tube and lower backbone of a velocipede without any assistance
beyond its own form and elasticity, substantially as herein described with reference
to our fifth method.
10. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our sixth method and as illustrated in Figures XV, XVI,
XVII XVIII, XIX and XX of the accompanying drawings for the purposes set
forth.
11. In a footrest for a velocipede constructing the same from a single strip of
sheet steel or other suitable material and forming and applying it so that it holds
itself to the lower backbone or other suitable part of a velocipede without any
assistance beyond its own form and elasticity substantially as herein described with
reference to our sixth method.
12. In a footrest for a velocipéde, constructing the same of two seperate rests,
each of which is made from a single strip of sheet steel or other suitable material
and forming and applying it so that it holds itself to the lower backbone or other
suitable part of a velocipede without any assistance beyond its own form and
elasticity or with only such assistance as may be derived from causing the two said
rests to interlock with each other, substantially as herein described with reference
to our sixth method.
13. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as
herein described with reference to our seventh method and as illustrated in
Figures XXI, XXII and XXIII of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes
set forth.
14. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our eighth method and as illustrated in Figures XXIV
and XXV of the accompanying drawing, for the purposes set forth.
1
15. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our ninth method and as illustrated in Figure XXVI
of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set forth.
16. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged, or modified substantially
as herein described with reference to our tenth method and as illustrated in
Figures XXVII, XXVIII and XXIX of the accompanying drawings, for the
purposes set forth.
17. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our eleventh method and as illustrated in Figure XXX
of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set forth.
n

page_text: 18. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our twelfth method and as illustrated in Figure XXXI
of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set forth.
19. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as
herein described with reference to our thirteenth method and as illustrated in
Figure XXXII of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set forth.
20. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged, or modified substantially
as herein described with reference to our fourteenth method and as illustrated in
Figures XXXIII and XXXIV of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes
set forth.
21. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as
herein described with reference to our fifteenth method and as illustrated in
Figure XXXV of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set forth.
22. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as
herein described with reference to our sixteenth method and as illustrated in
Figures XXXVI and XXXVII of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes
set forth.
23. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged, or modified substantially
as herein described with reference to our seventeenth method and as illustrated in
Figures XXXVIII, XXXIX and XL of the accompanying drawings, for the
purposes set forth.
24. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our eighteenth method and as illustrated in Figures XLI
and XLII of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set forth.
25. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as
herein described with reference to our nineteenth method and as illustrated in
Figures XLIII and XLIV of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set
forth.
26. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged, or modified in detail
substantially as herein described with reference to our twentieth method and as
illustrated in Figures XLV and XLVI of the accompanying drawings, for the
purposes set forth.
27. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our twenty first method and as illustrated in
Figures XLVII and XLVIII of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes
set forth.
28. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as
herein described with reference to our twenty second method and as illustrated
in Figures XLIX and L of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set
forth.
29. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our twenty third method and as illustrated in
Figures LI and LII of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set forth.
30. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as
herein described with reference to our twenty fourth method and as illustrated
in Figures LIII and LIV of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set
forth.
31. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as
herein described with reference to our twenty fifth method and as illustrated in
Figures LV, LVI and LVII of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set.
forth.
32. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged substantially as herein
described with reference to our twenty sixth method and as illustrated in
Figures LVIII and LIX of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set
forth.
33. A footrest for velocipedes constructed and arranged, or modified substantially
as herein described with reference to our twenty seventh method and as illustrated

page_text: in Figures LX and LXI of the accompanying drawings, for the purposes set
forth.
34. In a footrest for a velocipede, constructing the same in one piece with, or
attaching it the forkcrown, for the purposes set forth.
35. The improvements in or relating to footrests for velocipedes substantially as
herein described and illustrated.
Dated this 9th day of June 1894.
WILLIAM BESTWICK MAXFIELD,
Registered Patent Agent,
19, Bowling Green Street, Leicester, Applicants' Agent.