IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND PURIFYING WATER
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Louis Emile Constant Martin, of No. 32, Albion Street,
Hyde Park, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND PURIFYING WATER."
Scaled the 6th November 1864, and dated the 22nd August 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Emile Constan
Martin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with hi
Petition, on the 22nd August 1863.
I, LOUIS EMILE CONSTANT MARTIN, of No. 32, Albion Street, Hyde Park,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND PURIFYING WATER," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for heating
and purifying water. For these purposes a vessel by preference of a
cylindrical form is used, but the shape of the vessel may be varied. Through
the vessel tubes, either cylindrical or rectangular, pass, through which the
heated products of combustion are conducted in order to heat the interior of
the vessel; the tubes may be placed vertically, horizontally, or obliquely,
according to the current of heat, but I prefer that they should pass vertically
through the apparatus, and that the products of combustion should rise up
through them; on the interior of this vessel are several perforated shelves
[Price 8d.]

page_text: which are by preference all connected so that the shelves may be all drawn
out together to be cleaned and a fresh set of shelves readily inserted into the
vessel. When the tubes which pass through and heat the vessel are arranged
vertically the shelves have holes formed through them, through which the
tubes pass. The feed water may be continuously supplied at the top of the
purifying vessel (by means of a self-acting apparatus), and allowed to descend
from shelf to shelf, the shelves being perforated with small holes so that the
water is allowed to descend by numerous small orifices. These orifices are
arranged so that they do not come in the same vertical line with each other,
and the water is intercepted in its fall from shelf to shelf, and as the shelves
are either curved or plain (but are preferred to be curved) alternately concave
and convex, the water in falling is made to flow in varied directions. The
shelves being heated will cause all the salts, calcareous, or other, that are in
solution, as well as all foreign matter held in suspension in the water, to be
deposited thereon, which deposit is to be removed from time to time by
withdrawing the shelves and cleaning and replacing them, or other means
may be adopted for cleaning the shelves according to the particular arrange-
ment of the apparatus. At the bottom of the vessel a bed of filtering
material is placed, so that in addition the water has to pass through the
filtering materials before it leaves the vessel. A steam pipe is applied at the
top of the vessel to convey the steam generated, and when necessary a safety
valve is also applied.
In some cases an apparatus arranged as above described is connected with
a steam boiler, its lower end being connected with the lower end of the boiler,
and its upper end with the upper part of the boiler, in which case a valve
may be applied in each pipe in order that the purifying apparatus may be
readily separated from the boiler, the steam produced in the vessel will pass
to the steam in the boiler, whilst the purified water will pass from the
bottom of the vessel to the water in the boiler, and-in order to heat the vessel
it is preferred to place it in the smoke box, the uptake, the chimney, or the
flue, in order to utilize the waste heat from the furnace by causing the products
of combustion to pass through the purifying apparatus.. The apparatus may
however be heated by a separate fire. In some cases chloride of barium is
mixed in small quantities with the water in order to facilitate the deposit
of the calcareous or other salts in solution, and foreign matter in suspension,
on the heated shelves,

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Louis Emile Constant Martin in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd February 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LOUIS
EMILE CONSTANT MARTIN, of 32, Albion Street, Hyde Park, in the County
of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of August, in the year of our
Lord. One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Louis Emile Constant Martin, Her special licence
that I; the said Louis Emile Constant Martin, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as 1,the said Louis Emile Constant Martin, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR HEATING AND PURIFYING WATER," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Louis Emile Constant Martin, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Louis Emile Constant Martin, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be perforined, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for heating
and purifying water. For these purposes a vessel, by preference of a
cylindrical form, is used, but the shape of the vessel may be varied. Through
the vessel tubes, either cylindrical or rectangular, pass, through which the
heated products of combustion are conducted in order to heat the interior of
the vessel; the tubes may be placed vertically, horizontally, or obliquely,
according to the current of heat, but I prefer that they should pass vertically
through the apparatus, and that the products of combustion should rise up

page_text: through them.
On the interior of this vessel are several perforated shelves,
which are by preference all connected so that the shelves may be all drawn
out together to be cleaned, and a fresh set of shelves readily inserted into the
vessel. When the tubes which pass through and heat the vessel are arranged
vertically, the shelves have holes formed through them through which the
tubes pass. The feed water may be continuously supplied at the top of the
purifying vessel (by means of a self-acting apparatus), and allowed to descend
from shelf to shelf, the shelves being perforated with small holes, so that the
water is allowed to descend by numerous small orifices. These orifices are
arranged so that they do not come in the same vertical line with each other,
and the water is intercepted in its fall from shelf to shelf. And as the shelves
are either curved or plane, (but are preferred to be curved) alternately
concave and convex, the water in falling is made to flow in varied directions.
The shelves being heated will cause all the salts, calcareous, or other, that
are in solution, as well as all foreign matter held in suspension in the water,
to be deposited thereon, which deposit is to be removed from time to time by
withdrawing the shelves and cleaning and replacing them, or other means may
be adopted for cleaning the shelves according to the particular arrangement
of the apparatus. At the bottom of the vessel a bed of filtering material
is placed, so that in addition the water has to pass through the filtering
materials before it leaves the vessel. A steam pipe is applied at the top of
the vessel to convey the steam generated, and when necessary a safety valve
is also applied.
In some cases au apparatus arranged as above described is connected with a
steam boiler, its lower end being connected with the lower end of the boiler,
and its upper end with the upper part of the boiler, in which case a valve
may be applied in each pipe in order that the purifying apparatus may be
readily separated from the boiler. The steam produced in the vessel will
pass, to the steam in the boiler, whilst the purified water will pass from the
bottom of the vessel to the water in the boiler; and in order to heat the
vessel it is preferred to place it in the smoke box, the uptake, the chimney or
the flue, in order to utilize the waste heat from the furnace by causing the
products of combustion to pass through the puritying apparatus. The
apparatus may however be heated by a separate fire. In some cases chloride
of barium is mixed in small quantities with the water, in order to facilitate
the deposit of the calcareous or other salts in solution, and foreign matter
in suspension on the heated shelves.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1, F is the feed pipe; G, G, are a series of perforated shelves;
E, E, E, are flues; D is filtering material; R is the receiver of purified
water, and P the pipe conveying the purified water to the boiler; J is the
steam pipe. Figure 2 is an enlarged section of tubes E, and perforated
plates G; Figure 3 is an eularged section of tube end E, with gland to make
tight; Figure 4, H is a half section showing tubes; Figure 5, F is the feed
pipe B, the perforated shelves; A, the tubes; C, the filtering material;
R, the receiver of purified water; P, the pipe conveying the same to boiler;
Figure 6, K is a cock admitting and self-regulating the feed water; L, a
lever; G, G, are perforated shelves; E, E, E, are tubes; D is for filtering
inaterial; R is receiver of purified water, and P the pipe conveying the same
to boiler; H, H, is tube plate shown in section at Figure 3.
Figures 1, Shect No. 2; N is the standard fulcrum, and O the float
regulating the admission of feed water; the letters in all Drawings refer to
the same thing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis Emile Constant Martin, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
four.
EMILE MARTIN. (L.S.)