An Improved Means for Securing Carriage or other Wheels to their Axles.
Year: 1896

page_text: c
Date of Application, 27th July, 1896
1000
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Means for Securing Carriage or other Wheels to their
Axles.
BERNARD JOSEPH MALONEY, 61 Princes Street Edinburgh, Watchmaker, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The end of axle is part squared, part screwed, on the square a metal bush is
fitted, of the required shape & diameter to fit wheel and of a thickness to come
flush to the part of axle which is screwed, a metal nut is fitted to the screw. The
bush & the nut have teeth (ratchet or other shape) cut on the back of said bush
and on the face of the nut, the bush on side towards wheel is undercut and a spiral
spring of the required strength and diameter placed therein when the bush is
placed in position and the nut screwed on to the axle the spring lucks the teeth of
the bush and nut together and as the bush is fitted on a square it will be evident
that the nut cannot get displaced by accident other than the breaking of the
spindle or axle, pressing the bush toward the wheel will enable the nut to be
removed.
Dated this 25th day of July 1896.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Means for Securing Carriage or other Wheels to their
Axles.
BERNARD JOSEPH MALONEY 61 Princes Street, Edinburgh Watchmaker do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The end of axle is part squared and part screwed. The part squared is that
next to bush of wheel, on the square a metal ont is fitted of the required shape
and dimensions. On the part of axle screwed is also fitted a nut to correspond.
Each nut is cut on the face with teeth, ratchet or other shapes, so that when
joined together they appear as one nut. A spring of steel or other metal and of
spiral or other form and of the required strength is fitted easily on square of axle
and in such a position as to force nut on square towards the nut on screw and thus
lock the two together. A beaded washer is fittel on square and directly in contact
with bush of wheel, the spring is between this washer & the locked nuts. When
the washer spring and nuts are placed in position the wheel is secured to the axle
in such a way that it cannot be removed accidentally, and only when the pressure
of the spiral spring is removed and the teeth unlocked, can the nuts be taken off
the axle. To accomplish this the two nuts are hollowed out on toothed side, a
metal tube of the required size is fitted to the hollowed out parts with just sufficient
play to allow the teeth to lock when it is inside. One end of tube has a metal cap
fastened to it with a hole in the centre to allow the screw end of axle to pass
easily through it, two metal studs are fastened in the metal cap, holes to corre-
spond with these studs are made in the screwed nuts, the studs when the nuts are
locked project through the screwed nut, so that when compressed the nut on the

page_text: square of axle is pressed back and the teeth being therefore unlocked uuts &
wheel can then be removed. The key used for this purpose is described as
follows:-
AT shaped key having a metal disc or foot of the same diameter as the nuts,
is screwed to suit end of axle. When this key is screwed on end of axle it presses
back the studs and they being in connection with the tube inside of nuts, the nut
on square is forced back and the screwed nut can then be removed. To simplify
the locking and unlocking of the nuts I make two or more holes in the outer edge
of screwed nuts and corresponding holes in the dise of key. When the key is on
the axle I pass a metal pin through the dise and corresponding hole in nut and can
then by use of key tighten or loosen the nuts at will.
These nuts are indestructible, the beaded washer is the only part liable to wear
and it can be replaced at a very small cost, for choice I keep the nuts round on
the outside, but, they may be square if desirable, part of axle squared may be
made a hexagon or any other form, the object being to prevent nut fitted on such
form of axle from turning round; when it is desirable to key wheels on axle as in
the case of railway carriages or the like, the wheel is put on the same square of
axle as Figures 1, 3 and 5, in this case the nuts Figs. 4 & 5 act as the journal
of axle.
And in order that my said invention may be more clearly understood, I now
proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying sheet of
drawings.
Fig. 1 is the beaded metal washer fitted to square of axle and bush of wheel.
Fig. 3 is a spiral spring placed on square of axle and next to Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is squared nut placed next to spring, the beaded washer, spiral spring and
squared nut are all on the squared part of axle.
Fig. 6 is the metal tube with cap and studs which is placed over screwed part of
axle and inside the hollow in the two nuts.
Fig. 4 is the screwed uut which is then serewed into position on the axle, the
studs and tube Fig. 6 pass through screwed nut as shown in Fig. 9.
Fig. 9 shows the nuts locked.
Fig. 7 shows the nuts unlocked.
Fig. 2 shews key which is screwed on end of axle when locking or unlocking
nuts.
Fig. 10 shews pin which is passed through small holes in Fig. 2 and corre-
sponding holes in Fig. 4 when locking or unlocking nuts.
Fig. 8 shews wheel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what I
claim is
First. The arrangement of the beaded washer and spiral spring, substantially
as herein shewn and described.
Second. The arrangement of the toothed nuts on the squared & screwed axle
substantially as herein shewn and described.
Third. The arrangement of tube & studs inside of nuts, substantially as herein
shewn and described.
Fourth. The arrangement of key & pin for locking and unlocking and removing
nuts substantially as herein shewn and described.
Fifth. The arrangement of nuts when acting as journals in the case of keyed
wheels as in railway carriages and the like (the spiral spring keeps the toothed
nuts locked) substantially as herein shewn & described.
Dated this 9th day of March 1897.
BERNARD JOSEPH MALONEY.