IMPROVEMENT IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CLOTH
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex for an
Invention of IMPROVEMENT IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CLOTH a communi-
cation to him from abroad by James Mac Farlane of New Hampshire United
States
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th June 1883.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, “IMPROVEMENT IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING CLOTH," a communication to me from abroad by James Mac Farlano
of New Hampshire United States
The improved loom differs in the following particulars from most if not all
others in general use.
First. The lay is horizontal and is movable vertically, and is provided with a
reed constructed in two separate sections each of which is hinged at or near its
outer edge to the lay, the dents of each section being constructed to lap on those of
the other, when the two sections are in one plane with each other.
Second, The harnesses are arranged to move horizontally over the lay.
Third. The shuttle is not only larger and differently formed, but carries a much
larger bobbin relatively to shuttles of ordinary looms.
Fourth. The mechanism for automatically operating the shuttle is different from
most if not all others, and operates differently.
Fifth. The shed forming portions of the warps stand vertically or nearly so while
in the act of crossing each other.
The mechanism for operating the shuttle is constructed as follows:
Within the lay and to slide end wise in the shuttle boxes are two pickers each of
which extends into one of two movable staffs which, are at their lower ends hinged
to the frame. As each picker has to move with the lay-such picker is adapted
to its shaft so as to slide upward and downward therein, and still be movable
end wise of it, with and by the staff. Each staff is provided with an impelling
spring which at its upper end bears against the staff-the lower end being secured
to the frame.

page_text: Extending across and secured to each picker is a bar over which and projecting
downward from the lay are two inclined plates or cams.
While the lay may be
descending, these cams are borne against the said bar so as to force the picker
outward and contract its actuating spring. On the picker having been so moved
outward, it will be caught and held in position, by a gravitating catch pawl
Each of the catch pawls is provided at its outer end with a hinged angle plate
or tripper.
Furthermore, there is arranged on the top of the lay, and adapted thereto, so as
to be capable of sliding endwise thereon, a rectangular frame, whose extent of
end wise movement is limited by two stops or abutments extending upward from
the lay at its end. At each end of the frame, is a bar or shelf that projects inward
from such end.
Forked levers, fulcrumed to the sides of the lay, receive between their prongs,
studs, projecting from the frame.
During each rise of the lay, one of the two shelves will be moved upward
against one of the trippers and will bear it against its catch pawl and force the
latter upward above its picker staff, which will be immediately driven forward
by its spring and thereby cause the shuttle to be put in flight through the warps.
On the next descent of the lay the tripper of the other catch pawl, will give
way and allow its actuating shelf to pass downward by it, in order that when the
lay may next rise upward, such shelf may be borne upward against the tripper in
a manner to cause its catch pawl to be moved upward.out of engagement with its
picker staff, to admit of such staff being impelled inward by its actuating spring.
While each picker staff is being driven inward, its cross bar will be forced
against the lower arins of the next two adjacent forked levers, and will move' such
levers, so as to cause the frame to be moved up to the next adjacent stop in-order
for the frame to be properly set, for effecting on the next rise of the lay, the
throwing of a catch pawl out of engagement with its picker staff.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Herbert John Haddan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th December 1883.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING CLOTH," a communication to me from abroad by James Mac Farlane
of New Hampshire United States
This loom differs in the following particulars from most if not all others in
general use: First, the lay, which is horizontal and is movable vertically, as is
common, is provided with a reed constructed in two separate sections, each of
which is hinged at or near its outer edge to the lay, the dents of each section being
constructed to lap on those of the other when the two sections are in one planė
with each other; second, the mechanism for automatically operating the shuttle is
different from all others, and operates differently.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention Fig 1 is a top
view, Fig. 2 a side elevation, Fig 3 a front view, Fig 4 a longitudinal section, and
Fig 5 a transverse section, of a loom embodying the invention, the nature of
which is defined in the claims hereinafter presented. The section last named is
taken through the lay. Fig 6 is a top view, and Fig 7 à transverse section, of the
sectional reed, to be described. Fig 8 is a longitudinal section, and Fig 9 a
transverse section, of the shuttle and its bobbin.
;
In the drawings, A denotes the loom-frame, and B the lay. The said lay is
composed, mainly, of a rectangular frame a, and two standards, bb, such standards
being extended upward from the frame a, and adapted to straddle the stationary
posts c c, all being as shown. Within the lay is the reed C, composed of two
separate sections, d d, which at their outer edges are hinged to the opposite parts
ee of the lay. Each of such sections consists of a series of dents, f, and their
sustaining-bar g. Each dent at and near its inner end is notched, as shown at h,
to receive and lap, on the opposite or fellow dent when the two sections are closed
together in one plane with each other, such being to enable the dents, when closed
and descending, to crowd the filling down closely into the warp. The sectional
reed is between two-shuttle-boxes, ii, arranged in the lay. Underneath the reed
is the mechanism for closing the reed-sections, or causing them to move into one
horizontal plane with each other, when the lay is descending, such mechanism
consisting of two posts, kk, supported on springs 11, said posts being movable in
vertical guides m m, and guided by rods kk, which support the springs ll. In
moving downward the lay carries the reed-sections, near their opposite ends, down
upon the two posts, whereby the sections close together, or move upward into one
plane with each other, they, while the lay is descending to beat up the filling, being
maintained in their horizontal positions by suitable stops or by the outer flattened
sides of the bars g bringing up against the opposite parts e e of the lay.
In Figs. 8 and 9 is shown a form of shuttle which I propose to use with this
loom. This shuttle has an angular bottom, in the angle of which is the hole n, for
the exit of the filling-thread. It will be seen that the shape given the bottom
adapts the shuttle for use with the peculiar reed herein described. The sections of
the reed, being down as the shuttle flies, form a trough to which the bottom of
the shuttle is adapted.
The yarn-beam is shown at D, and the cloth-beam at E. The warps pass from
the yarn-beam D upward to and over a guide-roller, E', thence to another guide-
roller, F, thence downward through the reed to and under a guide-roller, G, such
guide-rollers being arranged as shown. From the roller G the woven cloth passes

page_text: to the cloth-beam E, which, like those of other looms, is to be provided with
means of revolving it to take up or wind upon it the cloth as fast as it may be
woven, the construction and operation of these parts being such as is common in
this class of looms.
The harnesses shown at H H are arranged horizontally on stationary shelves or
guides I I.
Each harness, by means of four lines, o, extending from it in opposite
directions partly around loose pulleys p, is connected with two of a set of four
levers, q, arranged in the loom-frame in manner as represented and fulcruméd
'thereto. By means of connecting rods or links r, tliese levers at their rear ends
are coupled to cranks s of a shaft, t, arranged as shown, and provided with a spur-
gear, u, that engages with a piúion, v, fixed on the driving-shaft w of the loom.
This latter shaft has cranks x, by which and connecting-rods it is connected
with a frame, z, arranged in the loom-frame and fulcrumed thereto, and jointed to
the standards b b of the lay. On revolving the driving-shaft w, not only will
reciprocating vertical movements be imparted to the lay, but the harnesses will be
moved in their proper order. While the lay may be rising the reed-sections will
drop into inclined positions, in order for the shuttle to be driven across the lay
and through the decussation of the warps. The filling from the shuttle during
each flight of it will be laid between and below the two reed-sections, in order
that during the succeeding descent of the lay and after the closing of the reed such
filling may be beaten home into the warp by the reed.
"
The next part of the loom to be described is the mechanism for operating the
shuttle, or driving it alternately through the warps, or from one shuttle-box to the
other and back again.
Within the lay, and arranged to slide endwise in the shuttle-boxes, are two
pickers, a¹ a¹, each of which is connected with one of two movable picker-staffs,
bb, which, arranged as represented; are at their lower ends hinged to the frame,
as shown at c¹ c¹. As each picker has to move with the lay, such picker is adapted
to its staff, so as to slide upward and downward therein, and still be movable
endwise of the lay, with and by the staff. In the present instance the upper ends
of the staffs are slotted lengthwise, and the reduced ends of the pickers rest
loosely in such slots, being held by nuts, so that the pickers can move up and
down on the staffs, and yet are moved endwise by the latter. Each staff is
provided with an impelling-spring, d', which at its upper end bears against the
staff, the lower end being secured to the frame, and is arranged as represented.
Extending across and secured to each picker-staff is a bar, f¹, over which and
projecting downward from the lay are two inclined plates or cams, g'. While the
lay may be descending, these cams gare borne against the bars f¹, so as to force
the picker-staffs and pickers outward against the action of the actuating-springs d².
On the picker-staffs having been so moved outward, they will be caught and held
in position by gravitating catch-pawls h', arranged as represented, and hinged to
the posts c.
Each of the catch-pawls, formed as shown, is provided at its outer
end with an angle-plate or tripper, k', formed and arranged with it as shown, and
hinged to it. Furthermore, there is arranged on the top of the lay, and adapted
thereto so as to be capable of sliding endwise thereon, a rectangular frame, K,
whose extent of endwise movement is limited by two stops or abutments, ❝,
extending upward from the lay at its ends, in manner as represented. At each
end of the frame K is a bar or shelf, m', that projects inward from such end.
Forked levers n', fulcrumed to the sides of the lay and arranged as shown, receive
between their prongs, studs o', projecting from the frame K. During each rise of
the lay one of the two shelves m¹ will be moved upward against one of the
trippers k, and will bear it against its catch-pawl h' and force the latter upward
above its picker-staff, which will be immediately driven forward by its spring d',
and thereby cause the shuttle to be put in flight through the warps. While each
picker-staff is being driven inward its cross-bar f¹ will be forced against the lower
arms of the two adjacent forked levers n¹, and will move such levers endwise on
the lay, so as to cause the frame K to be moved from contact with one stop
.
J
into

page_text: contact with the other stop on the opposite end of the lay, in order for the
frame to be properly set for effecting on the next rise of the lay the throwing of
the catch-pawl out of engagement with the opposite picker-staff. The trippers k¹
are pivoted upon the catch-pawls h', so that when either tripper is engaged by
a shelf, m', in the descent of the lay it will give way and allow the shelf to pass
downward by it. By means thus described it will be seen that in each rise of
the lay the shuttle will be driven across the reed, which then will be open for
the shuttle to pass and for the filling from it to be laid between and below
the movable sections of the reed. In the next descent of the lay the reed-sections
will be closed and forced downward upon the filling, so as to beat it into place in
the warps.
What I claim as the invention is as follows, viz :
1. The combination, with the lay, of the two reed-sections arranged therein and
applied thereto, substantially as set forth.
2. The combination of the vertically-movable lay and the two reed-sections,
arranged therein and adapted thereto substantially as set forth, with the
horizontally-movable harnesses, such lay, reed-sections, and harnesses being
provided with mechanism for operating them, essentially as specified.
3. The combination of the vertically-movable lay and the two reed-sections,
arranged therein and adapted thereto substantially as set forth, with the hori-
zontally-movable harnesses and the reciprocating shuttle, all being arranged and
provided with mechanism for operating them, essentially as explained.
4. The combination, substantially as described, of the pickers a', picker-staffs b',
their actuating-springs d', and cross-bars f¹, with the cams g', catch-pawls h',
trippers k¹, frame K, stops , shelves m³, levers n², the lay B, and the stationary
posts c, essentially as described and represented.
5. The sectional reed having the dents of each of its two sections adapted to lap
on those of the other of the said two sections when the sections are closed or in
one plane with each other, as set forth, such being in order for the beating of the
filling into the warps to be performed by one of the sections, and its dents to be
sustained at the time by those of the fellow section.
In witness whereof I the said Herbert John Haddan have hereunto set my hand
and seal this 5th day of December A.D. 1883.
TF T TADDAN
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