Improvements in Adjustable Spanners, Pipe Wrenches and Cutters, and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Dec., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 17th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Adjustable Spanners, Pipe Wrenches and Cutters,
and the like.
EDWIN CHILTON GREEN, Engineer, Bourne Villas Beechwood Road Hillsbro
Sheffield Yorks do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The handle is a light forging or casting which may have recesses at the top
of both sides as shown at A Fig. 1. To the front of these recesses I bore a
hole as denoted by B which I tap with a double left hand thread. The back of
the recesses stand higher than the front to give strength & bearing as shown
by C. The bottom part D is shaped in such a manner that it can readily be
grasped by the hand.
The head E Fig. 2 may be formed in various shapes suitable for its several
purposes & have two side bars F. F¹ for connection to the handle. The recesses
in the handle above described being arranged to admit the bars for this purpose.
After the side bars are fitted into the recesses of the handle, one or more holes
are bored through the side bars & handle as denoted by G & are thus held in
position by means of one or more screws or rivets, which go through the side
bars & handle, but these are not made secure until the spanner is completed.
The jaw Fig. 3 is made to slide between the two bars F. F¹ Fig. 2 connecting
the head to the handle by means of a suitable groove or chanuel being formed
in each side of the jaw at a short distance from the back as shewn by H for
the bars F F¹ to fit in. It will be clearly seen that the jaw is held firmly
within the bars which receive the strain, when operating the spanner, & the front
& back portions of the jaw protrude at opposite sides I. 1' & form a substantial
support to the side bars of the head F. F Fig. 2. The jaw is bored & tapped
from the underside as shewn by J with a right hand single thread, which is
opposite or in direct line with the hole tapped left hand in the handle shewn
at B. Fig. 1.
The adjusting screw Fig. 4 is formed with a right hand single thread K, & a left
hand double thread L at opposite ends. The right hand portion of the screw is
threaded to fit the loose jaw at J, & the left hand portion to fit the 'handle at B.
It has a suitable milled enlarged portion M. near the centre which is worket by
the thumb & finger, thus imparting a quick motion to the loose jaw when the
spanner is in use.
It will be seen from the foregoing that the spanner in addition to being a new
& improved arrangement is also a useful combination, as it can be used as a
spanner, pipe wrench or pipe cutter by merely changing the jaw or using a small
appliance to fix on the jaws, it is also a great saving from a manufacturing point
of view.
Having now described the nature of my invention & the mode of constructio..,
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the form of the bead
as-shown at E. Fig. 2 & jaw Fig. 3, as these will vary in shape to suit the serious
work for which they are required, but I declare that the improvements
tages claimed for this my invention, are these.
van-
That by means of the construction of the moving jaw between the de bars
connecting the head to the handle, a better result is obtained, as the strain is
squally received on each of the side bars, both at the front & back, the adjusting

page_text: screw also receives the pressure from the loose jaw, & this again is transmitted
to the handle, so that the strain is distributed over the whole body of the spanner
& not confined to one portion as in the old type, also that owing to the adjusting
screw, being right hand single thread at one end & left hand double thread at
the other & triple motion is obtained & a saving thus effected in the workmans 5
time.
15/10101
Мам
ILD
Pip
wrenches and cutters and the like by which means the strain, when using the tool
is distributed over the whole body of the spanner and not confined to any one part
as in the old type. I also obtain a triple motion in connection with the adjustment
thus effecting a saving in the time required for the adjustment of the jaws.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and more easily into
practise I have appended a sheet of drawings to my Provisional Specification upon
which:-
Figure 1 shews front and side elevation and sectional plan of the handle D
detached.
Figure 2 shews similar front and side views of the bead E.
Figure 3 shews side and end elevation and section through the jaw.
Figure 4 shews a view of the adjusting screw.
The remaining two views are front and side elevations of the spanner or wrench
complete. In carrying this invention into effect the handle is formed of a light
forging or casting which may have recesses at the top of both sides as shewn
at A Fig. 1.
To the front of these recesses I bore a hole as denoted by B which I tap with a
double left hand thread. The back of the recesses stand higher than the front to
give strength and bearing as shewn by C. The bottom part D is shaped in such a
manner that it can readily be grasped by the hand.
The head E Fig. 2 may be formed in various shapes suitable for its several
purposes and be provided with the two side bars F. F¹ for connection to the handle.
The recesses in the handle above described being arranged to admit the bars for this
purpose.
After the side bars are fitted into the recesses of the handle one or more
holes are bored through the side bars and handle as shewn by G and are thus held
in position by means of one or more screws or rivits which go through the side bars
and handle but these are not made secure until the spanner is completed. The jaw
Fig. 3 is made to slide between the two bars F F Fig. 2 connecting the head to
the handle by means of a suitable groove or channel being formed in each side of
the jaw at a short distance from the back as shewn by H for the burs F F to fit in.
It will be clearly seen that the jaw is held firmly within the bars which receive the
strain when operating the spanner and the front and back portions of the jaw
protrude at opposite sides 1. 1' and form a substantial support to the side bars of
the head F. F Fig. 2. The jaw is bored and tapped from the underside as shewn
by J with a right hand single thread which is opposite or in direct line with the
hole tapped left hand in the handle shewn at B Fig. 1.

page_text: The adjusting screw Fig. 4 is formed with a right hand single thread K and a
left hand double thread L at opposite ends.
The right hand portion of the screw is threaded to fit the loose jaw at J and the
left hand portion to fit the handle at B. It has a suitable milled enlarged
portion M near the centre which is worked by the thumb and finger thus imparting
a quick motion to the loose jaw when the spanner is in use.
It will be seen from
the foregoing that the spanner in addition to being a new and improved arrange-
ment is also a useful combination it can be used as a spanner pipe wrench or pipe
cutter by merely changing the jaw or using a small appliance to fix on the jaws
besides being also a great saving from a manufacturing point of view.
Having now described the nature of my invention and the mode of construction,
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the form of the head as
shewn at F Fig. 2 and jaw Fig. 3 as these will vary in shape to suit the various
work for which they are required. By means of the construction of the moving
jaw between the side bars connecting the head to the handle a better result is thus
obtained as the strain is equally received on each of the side bars both at the front
and back and as the adjusting screw also receives the pressure from the loose
jaw this again is transmitted to the handle so that the strain is distributed over
the whole body of the spanner and not confined to one portion as in the old
type also owing to the adjusting screw having a left hand double thread at one
end and right hand single thread at the other a triple motion is obtained and a
saving is thus effected in the workmans time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st. The improvements in adjustable spanners pipe wrenches and pipe cutters
and the like substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth and shewn upon
the before mentioned drawing.
2nd. In spanners pipe wrenches pipe cutters and the like the jaw I mounted to
work in side bars F and F which are connected with the handle substantially as
herein set forth & shewn.
3rd. The jaw I made interchangable by which the tool may be converted into a
spanner pipe wrench pipe cutter or the like substantially as herein set forth.
4th. In spanners pipe wrenches pipe cutters and the like the adjustable screw
having a left hand double-thread at one end and a right hand single-thread at the
other substantially as herein set forth and shewn.
Dated this 14th day of September 1895.