Improvements in Ventilators.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 12th June, 1893-Accepted, 22nd July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators.
I, JOHN HONEYMAN of 140 Bath Street, Glasgow in the County of Lanark,
Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is a development of the improvements in ventilators described in
the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me No. 14113 of 1885 and it consists
mainly in the adaptation to ventilators of the type therein described of novel
arrangements of rigid valves of metal or other material.
The diaphragm which divides the air trunk of the improved ventilator is formed
in a large measure by the valves the upper part of the trunk serving for the
passage through it of the outer air or having a fixed diaphragm with an opening
through it for that purpose whilst the lower part is fitted with two valves inclined
towards each other at the top where their upper edges meet the fixed diaphragm or
partition the lower edges resting lightly on a coaming or ridge formed across or
around the opening through which foul air is to be abstracted.
The valves are each hinged or carried upon pivots slightly higher than their
mid length so that whilst not quite balanced the effect of an air current passing
through the air trunk is to maintain closed the valve against which the air current
impinges on the outside where the portion of the valve under the pivots is of
greater area than that above the pivots and to open the farther valve by suction
outside or by internal pressure on the larger area of the lower part of the valve.
Provision is also made for adjusting the balance of the valves by counterpoise
weights above the pivots. In proximity to the hinges or pivots stops are formed
to limit the movement of the valves and these as also the ends of the valves or the
parts of the air trunk against which the valves close may be cushioned to minimise
concussion and prevent noise. Louvres or deflectors may be fitted in the air trunk
to deflect the air currents in such a manner as to partially balance the valves and
to ensure their closing on the ingress side and opening on the egress side of the
trunk.
The valves instead of being flat and resting in inclined positions may be bent or
curved so that their upper sides form part of the passage for the air current passing
through the air trunk for inducing draught through the ventilating orifice; or the
diaphragm may be retained the whole size of the air trunk and the valves laid
horizontally at each side of it in continuation of the bottom of the air trunk. The
curved or sloping valves may be carried up so close to the top of the air trunk that
no additional diaphragm is required and only the space required for the air passing
through the trunk is left.
*Dated this 5th day of April 1893.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ventilators.
I, JOHN HONEYMAN of 140 Bath Street, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention is a development of the improvements in ventilators described in

page_text: the Specification of Letters Patent granted to me No. 14113 of 1885 and it consists
mainly in the adaptation to ventilators of the type therein described of novel
arrangements of rigid valves of metal or other material.
As represented in the accompanying drawings in vertical and horizontal sections
of one modification at Figures 1 and 2, in similar views of another modification at
Figures 3 and 4 and in vertical section of still another modification in Figure 5 the
diaphragm which divides the air trunk A of the improved ventilator is formed in a
large measure by the valve, the upper part of the trunk A serving for the passage
through it of the outer air or having a fixed diaphragm B as shown with an
opening C through it for that purpose, whilst the lower part is fitted with two
valves D, D' as shown at Figures 1 and 2 inclined towards each other at the top
where their upper edges meet the fixed diaphragm or partition B the lower edges
resting lightly on a coaming or ridge E formed across or around the opening O
through which foul air is to be abstracted. The valves D, D' are each hinged or
carried upon pivots d, d slightly higher than their mid length so that whilst not
quite balanced the effect of an air current passing through the air trunk is to
maintain closed the valve D against the outside of which the air current impinges,
(the portion of the valve under the pivots being of greater area than that above
the pivots) and to open the further valve D by suction outside or by internal
pressure on the larger area of the lower part of the valve.
The arrows represent the direction of flow of the air currents. Provision is also
made for adjusting the balance of the valves by counterpoise weights f, f above the
pivots. In proximity to the hinges or pivots, stops g, g are formed to limit the
movement of the valves, and these as also the ends of the valves D, D' or the parts
of the air trunk against which the valves close may be cushioned to minimise
concussion and prevent noise. Louvres or deflectors H, H, may be fitted in the
air trunk to deflect the inward current against the lower portion of the valve and
to relieve the upper half from pressure, to facilitate the closing of the valve on the
windward side. The valves instead of being flat and resting in inclined positions
may be hent or curved as indicated at Figures 3 and 4 so that their upper sides
form part of the passage for the air current passing through the air trunk for
inducing draught through the ventilating orifice O, or as indicated at Figure 5 the
diaphragm B may be retained the whole size of the air trunk and the valves D, DI
laid horizontally at each side of it in continuation of the bottom of the air trunk A.
The curved or sloping valves D, D' may be carried up so close to the top of the
air trunk that no additional diaphragm is required and only the space required for
the external air passing through the trunk is left.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
.claim is :-
⚫ 1. A ventilator the parts of which are constructed and arranged to operate
substantially as described.
2. A ventilator having rigid valves arranged to oscillate in an air trunk and
operated automatically by the passage of air currents through an orifice in a
diaphragm in the air trunk substantially as described.
Dated this Tenth day of June 1893.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.