Improvements in or in connection with Stoves or Apparatus for Heating or Warming Purposes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 27th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 17th Oct., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or in connection with Stoves or Apparatus for
Heating or Warming Purposes.
We, WALTER DARBY, ION DARBY, and JOHN HENRY PUNCHARD, all of
the Weston Works, Weston Street, King's Cross, London, Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved arrangement and construction of heating
or warming stoves or apparatus for heating rooms, offices, halls, dwelling house, or
buildings or other places for which same may be applicable and our present invention
is designed to produce a stove heated by hydro-carbon burner or burners (or other
suitable source of heat) which will produce an immense volume of heated air and
in which moreover the products of combustion are rendered innocuous or entirely
inoffensive and are mixed with the volume of heated air which is continuously
emitted from the stove. Or the products of combustion may be led away without
coming in contact with the heated air.
Our present invention is as follows:-
:-
In the lower part of any suitable enclosing wall or casing which may be of any
suitable shape for instance cylindrical we arrange and mount any suitable burner
advantageously a burner such as the said Walter Darby & Ion Darby's
Patent No. 2274 of 1895 the said lower part of said casing (or as we term it the
"burner base") may advantageously be formed separate from the upper part of
the casing as hereinafter described but whether formed separate or not this burner
base or lower part is provided with a plate or partition or means to entirely separate
or cut off communication between the lower part of said base and the upper part
such partition being advantageously in the form of a horizontal plate soldered
riveted or otherwise suitably mounted with an opening therein (advantageously a
central slot) under which opening the burner is placed so that the slit or slits in
the hood of the burner comes directly under said opening in this horizontal or other
partition-short flanges being mounted below said plate to fit close up against said
burner hood or the burner may be made to fit close up against said partition or may
be otherwise suitably arranged or mounted so that all that can pass to the upper
side of said partition i.e. to the upper part of the casing or apparatus will be the
flame or products of combustion or air passing through the slit or slits in the hood
of said burner thus all cold air is excluded or practically excluded from passing to
the upper part of the apparatus.
If desired instead of one burner two or more suitable burners may be arranged
below said partition a corresponding number of slits or openings being provided in
the latter according to the number and arrangement of said burners.
This lower part or burner base may be arranged and carried on any suitable
stand legs support or bottom part or not as desired and furthermore the lower
chamber formed by the aforesaid horizontal or other partition may be provided
with any suitable series of openings or apertures for a plentiful supply of air to
pass to the burner a suitable door lid or cover being provided or not as desired over
the opening through which the burner or burners is or are placed inside or removed
from the burner base.
Instead of using a liquid hydro-carbon burner as aforesaid any other suitable
burner or source of heat may be used for instance gas.
For the sake of example we will describe an apparatus according to our present
invention heated by means of a liquid hydro-carbon burner of the above-named
character.

page_text: Now according to our present invention at a suitable distance above the aforesaid
horizontal division plate in the base or lower chamber we arrange and mount a
second horizontal division plate thus forming an intermediate chamber in which
the flame burns this upper horizontal plate having a large central aperture over
which a large vertical chimney is arranged up which the products of combustion
pass to the top of the stove or nearly to the top thereof.
Around this central chimney the outer jacket or casing is arranged (advanta-
geously of corrugated sheet metal) concentric with the said central chimney or
flue thus forming an annulus between the latter and the said outer casing.
A series of vertical pipes are arranged passing through the two aforesaid
horizontal division plates so that the exterior of such tubes in the aforesaid
intermediate chamber become highly heated and serve to draw in a large supply
of air.
At the bottom of the stove the air is rapidly heated as it passes up said series
of vertical tubes into the aforesaid annular space between the chimney and the
outer casing where it is further heated as it rises to the top whence it escapes
through any suitable apertures in the side of the casing or through a perforated
cover or in other convenient manner.
The aforesaid products of combustion may be conducted by any suitable chimney
or passage leading from the top of the aforesaid flue to the exterior of the room
or building etc. so that the air to be heated can be passed through this stove and
discharged into the room etc. in a highly heated condition without coming in
contact with the products of combustion at all if desired.
Instead of the products of combustion being thus conducted away to the exterior of
the chamber as aforesaid we close the top of the said central chimney by any suitable
plate or cover and arrange a series of holes or openings through the side of such
chimney close to the top thereof such plate or cover being advantageously arranged
to extend beyond the vertical sides of said chimney thus forming a flange (to serve
as a deflecting plate) and if desired we may add thereto a vertically descending
flange extending to any required depth which thus forms an enclosing wall
(advantageously concentric with the central chimney) but entirely open and free
between the bottom of said descending flange and the exterior of said chimney so
that the products of combustion passing through the apertures in said chimney are
thus caused to descend before mixing with the heated air passing up the aforesaid
annular space between the chimney and the outer casing or such descending flange
may be dispensed with.
Above the cover or plate on the top of the chimney as aforesaid we arrange and
mount a dish or pan perforated around the side thereof and through the bottom
which pan has a lip or flange round the edge thereof which rests on the upper edge
of a rim or moulding (which latter rests on the top edge of the outer casing) and
said perforated pan is secured by a bolt and nut or other suitable means to the
aforesaid top plate or cover on the top of the chimney thus securely holding all
the parts together at the top and acting as a restrictor i.e. it serves to cause the
products of combustion to thoroughly mix with the heated air so that when same
finally escape through the perforated top or other suitable outlet or outlets from
the stove such products of combustion are innocuous or entirely inoffensive and
unnoticeable.
The cover is advantageously formed with a flange and descending rim inside said
flange which fits down on the upper edge of the aforesaid pan.
In greenhouses or other confined places any suitable air conduit or other air
iulet may be provided from the exterior of said building or chamber so as to admit
sufficient air supply to the stove not only to support combustion but to pass into
the aforesaid annular chamber to be heated.
Dated this 27th day of November 1895.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
outhampton Buildings, Chaucery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in or in connection with Stoves or Apparatus for
Heating or Warming Purposes.
We, WALTER DARBY, ION DARBY, and JOHN HENRY PUNCHARD, all of
the Weston Works, Weston Street, King's Cross, London, Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to an improved arrangement and construction of heating
or warming stoves or apparatus for heating rooms, offices, halls, dwelling houses,
or buildings or other places for which same may be applicable and our present
invention is designed to produce a stove heated by hydro-carbon burner or burners
(or other suitable source of heat) which will produce an immense volume of heated
air and in which moreover the products of combustion are rendered innocuous or
entirely inoffensive and are mixed with the volume of heated air which is con-
tinuously emitted from the stove. Or the products of combustion may be led away
without coming in contact with the heated air.
Our present invention is as follows:-
In the lower part of any suitable enclosing wall or casing which may be of any
suitable shape for instance cylindrical we arrange and mount any suitable burner
advantageously a burner such as the said Walter Darby & Ion Darby's Patent
No. 2274 of 1895 the said lower part of said casing (or as we term it the "burner
base") may advantageously be formed separate from the upper part of the casing
as hereinafter described but whether formed separate or not this burner base or
lower part is provided with a plate or partition or means to entirely separate or cut
off communication between the lower part of said base and the upper part such
partition being advantageously in the form of a horizontal plate soldered riveted
or otherwise suitably mounted with an opening therein (advantageously a central
slot) under which opening the burner is placed so that the slit or slits in the hood
of the burner comes directly under said opening in this horizontal or other
partition-short flanges being mounted below said plate to fit close up against said
burner hood or the burner may be made to fit close up against said partition or
may be otherwise suitably arranged or mounted so that all that can pass to the
upper side of said partition i.e. to the upper part of the casing or apparatus will
be the flame or products of combustion or air passing through the slit or slits in
the hood of said burner thus all cold air is excluded or practically excluded from
passing to the upper part of the apparatus.
If desired instead of one burner two or more suitable burners may be arranged
below said partition a corresponding number of slits or openings being provided in
the latter according to the number and arrangement of said burners.
This lower part or burner base may be arranged and carried on any suitable
stand legs support or bottom part or not as desired and furthermore the lower
chamber formed by the aforesaid horizontal or other partition may be provided
with any suitable series of openings or apertures for a plentiful supply of air to
pass to the burner a suitable door lid or cover being provided or not as desired
over the opening through which the burner or burners is or are placed inside or
removed from the burner base.
Instead of using a liquid hydro-carbon burner as aforesaid any other suitable
burner or source of heat may be used for instance gas.
For the sake of example we will describe an apparatus according to our present:
invention heated by means of a liquid hydro-carbon burner of the above-named
character.

page_text: Now according to our present invention at a suitable distance above the aforesaid
horizontal division plate in the base or lower chamber we arrange and mount a
second horizontal division plate thus forming an intermediate chamber in which the
flame burns this upper borizontal plate having a large central aperture over which
a large vertical chimney is arranged up which the products of combustion pass to
the top of the stove or nearly to the top thereof.
Around this central chimney the outer jacket or casing is arranged (advan-
tageously of corrugated sheet metal) concentric with the said central chimney
or flue thus forming an annulus between the latter and the said outer casing.
A series of vertical pipes are arranged passing through the two aforesaid
horizontal division plates so that the exterior of such tubes in the aforesaid
intermediate chamber become highly heated and serve to draw in a large supply
of air.
The air is rapidly heated as it passes into the stove at the bottom thereof and up
said series of vertical tubes into the aforesaid annular space between the chimney
and the outer casing where it is further heated as it rises to the top whence it
escapes through any suitable apertures in the side of the casing or through a
perforated cover or in other convenient manner.
The aforesaid products of combustion may be conducted by any suitable
chimney or passage leading from the top of the aforesaid flue to the exterior of
the room or building etc. so that the air to be heated can be passed through the
stove and discharged into the room etc. in a highly heated condition without coming
in contact with the products of combustion at all if desired.
Instead of the products of combustion being thus conducted away to the exterior
of the chamber as aforesaid we close the top of the said central chimney by any
suitable plate or cover and arrange a series of holes or openings through the side
of such chimney close to the top thereof such plate or cover being advantageously
arranged to extend beyond the vertical sides of said chimney thus forming a flange
(to serve as a deflecting plate) and if desired we may add thereto a vertically
descending flange extending to any required depth which thus forms an enclosing
wall (advantageously concentric with the central chimney) but entirely open and
free between the bottom of said descending flange and the exterior of said chimney
so that the products of combustion passing through the apertures in said chimney
are thus caused to descend before mixing with the heated air passing up the
aforesaid annular space between the chimney and the outer casing or such descending
flange may be dispensed with.
Above the cover or plate on the top of the chimney as aforesaid we arrange and
mount a dish or pan perforated around the side thereof and through the bottom
which pan has a lip or flange round the edge thereof which rests on the upper edge
of a rim or moulding (which latter rests on the top edge of the outer casing) and
said perforated pan is secured by a bolt and nut or other suitable means to the
aforesaid top plate or cover on the top of the chimney thus securely holding all
the parts together at the top and acting as a restrictor i.e. it serves to cause the
products of combustion to thoroughly mix with the heated air so that when same
finally escape through the perforated top or other suitable outlet or outlets from
the stove such products of combustion are innocuous or entirely inoffensive and
unnoticeable.
The cover is advantageously formed with a flange and descending rim inside
said flange which fits down on the upper edge of the aforesaid pan.
And in order that our present invention may be easily understood and readily
carried into practice we will proceed to further describe same with reference to the
drawings hereunto annexed.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of our air heating stove.
Fig. 2 is a cross-section on the horizontal line 2-2 Fig. 1, and
Fig. 3 is a similar view on line 3-3 Fig. 1 both looking in the direction of the
arrow .

page_text: B is the burner base or chamber which rests on the stand A and contains the
burner C.
D is a division plate or partition formed or mounted in any suitable manner in
the said burner base B either horizontal or otherwise suitably disposed so as to
completely cut off all communication from the lower part of the chamber B to the
upper part thereof except through the tubes T (hereinafter described) and the
central slot or opening D₁-the size and shape of which latter corresponds to
the form of the burner.
D' D are flanged plates or strips secured to the underside of the division D to
serve as guides by which the top of the burner C is brought into the correct
position beneath the aperture D¹ or these guides D³ may be dispensed with and the
burner C guided on the bottom thereof and made to fit up close under the
aperture D in the division plate or partition D.
E E are air admission holes by which the air can freely pass into the interior of
the lower part of the chamber B (besides passing in at the aperture through which
the burner is inserted or said opening may be closed by a suitable cover) below
said division plate D.
F is the outer casing which may be of corrugated sheet metal in a circular form
as shown in Fig. 2 or not as desired or of any suitable shape other than cylindrical
as desired the other parts (stand A, burner base B, rim U, cover I, etc.) being of
course made to correspond.
The bottom edge of this casing F rests on the upper edge B₁ of the burner
base B and the top edge F¹ of said casing F has the rim or flange U resting thereon
but the latter is either permanently connected thereto or not as desired.
R is a second horizontal division plate (above the division or partition D) having
a large central aperture therein R₁ the latter advantageously of a corresponding
size and shape to the central chimney or flue S and thus forming a closed-in
chamber Dx.
S is central chimney or passage (advantageously circular or other suitable shape
in cross-section) which chimney at its lower end is riveted to (or otherwise suitably
mounted on) the said plate R over the aperture R' therein so that all products
of combustion from the chamber D* can only pass out of same up the said chimney S
and escape from the upper end thereof as hereinafter explained.
TT are a number of open-ended pipes tubes or passages passing through the
division plates D and R thus forming a number of air tubes or passages to pass
the air from below the division plate D to above the division plate R into the
annular chamber Y formed between the wall or casing F and the aforesaid
chimney S such air in its passage through the said tubes T becoming quickly
heated and as it rises up the annular space Y is there further heated and finally
discharged from the stove at or near the top thereof as hereinafter explained in a
very highly heated condition.
Si S₁ are a series of outlet holes or openings through the side of the chimney S
and near the top thereof.
S' is a plate or cover seamed or otherwise suitably mounted on the top end of
said chimney S and extending beyond the latter all round. Around the edge of
this cover S a descending flange S³ (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4) may be
arranged or not as desired and of different depths according to the height of the
stove that is to say the greater the height of the stove the greater the depth of
such flange S should be to thus more or less baffle or retard the escape of the
products of combustion from the chimney S.
V is a hollow pan perforated through the bottom and side thereof as shown the
turned-over edge or lip V¹ of said pan resting on the upper edge of the aforesaid
rim U while said pan is secured firmly in position by a screw bolt W passed
upwardly through the cover S' of the chimney S and through the bottom of said
pan V and there secured by a nut W₁ screwed thereon thus securely fastening the
rim U the casing F the pan V and the chimney S all together or said parts V

page_text: and U may be secured and fastened down to the casing F and the chimney S in
any other equivalent or suitable manner.
The operation is as follows:-
:-
The burner being lighted the products of combustion therefrom pass from the
chamber D up the chimney S and out through the apertures S₁ (and under the
lower edge of the flange S³ if the latter is used) into the annulus Y and there
meets and mingles with the large volume of highly heated air rising up the annular
chamber Y as aforesaid the thorough mixing of the two taking place in the space
above the cover S2 and being assisted by the perforated pan V through the perfora-
tions in which and the cover I the mixture now passes to the exterior of the stove the
products of combustion as same are thus emitted from the stove being innocuous or
inoffensive and inodorous.
If desired in some cases the products of combustion may be separately led away
from the stove through any suitable flue or passage (not shown) into which the
chimney S would alone communicate at the top (the apertures S'in such case being
entirely dispensed with) while a large volume of fresh air can be heated by this
stove (by passing in through E up passage T annulus Y and out through the top I)
and would in such case thus become highly heated by and be discharged from said
stove without in any way coming in contact with the products of combustion.
The use of the division plate D and the special arrangement of same with respect
to the rest of the apparatus forms a very important and essential feature in this
invention.
In greenhouses or other confined places any suitable air conduit or other air inlet
may be provided from the exterior of said building or chamber so as to admit
sufficient air supply to the stove not only to support combustion but to pass into
the aforesaid annular chamber to be heated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The combination with a closed-in stove or heating apparatus of the character
described of a horizontal division plate or partition such as D to entirely divide
off the lower from the upper part of the apparatus and thereby prevent air reaching
the upper part of the apparatus except through the opening such as D' the flame
or flames from the burner or burners passing through said opening D¹ to the said
closed-in upper part of the apparatus substantially in the manner and for the
purposes hereinbefore described.
2. An air heating stove consisting of an outer casing an inner vertical passage
or flue arranged concentrically within said casing a vertical annular passage between
said flue and said casing a horizontal division plate or partition below said flue and
entirely dividing the upper part of the interior of the apparatus from the lower
part thereof an opening in said partition of a size and with respect to which the
burner is so arranged as to only permit the flame to pass through said opening and
consequently prevent cold air passing into said central flue a second division plate
or partition between the bottom of said flue and the first named partition so that
the products of combustion can alone pass into said flue a series of vertical tubes
between said two partitions and arranged concentrically around said burner through
which air can freely pass from below the first named partition into the aforesaid
vertical annular passage and be heated en route without coming in contact with
the products of combustion substantially in the manner and for the purposes
herein before described.
3. An air heating stove consisting of the combination with a casing such as F of
a vertical flue such as S arranged centrally within said casing and forming an
annular vertical passage such as Y between said flue and said casing a burner such
as C in the lower part of said casing a division plate or partition such as D with
an aperture such as D¹ therein with which latter the burner fits closely and thereby

page_text: prevents cold air passing through said opening D¹ a second partition such as R in
which the open lower end of the flue S terminates so that the products of com-
bustion can only pass up said flue a series of air tubes such as T through said
partitions D and R through which tubes air can freely pass from around the burner C
into said annular passage Y and is heated en route and discharged from the latter
substantially in the manner and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
4. The improved arrangement and construction of stoves or apparatus combined
and arranged to act substantially in a manner and for the purposes hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the drawings hereunto annexed.
Dated this 27th day of August 1896.
TONGUE & BIRKBECK,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.