A NEW OR IMPROVED FRIC- TIONAL SPEED GEAR FOR IMPARTING VARYING SPEED TO TOOLS AND OTHER MACHINERY, AND MEANS FOR SELF-ACTINGLY CONTROLLING THE SAME
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Guy Wilson, of the Office for British & Foreign
Patents, 71, Market Street, in the City of Manchester, Mechanical Engineer
and Patent Agent, for the Invention of " A NEW OR IMPROVED FRIC-
TIONAL SPEED GEAR FOR IMPARTING VARYING SPEED TO TOOLS AND OTHER
MACHINERY, AND MEANS FOR SELF-ACTINGLY CONTROLLING THE SAME." A
communication from abroad by Fr. Gebauer, Manager of the Joint-stock
Company for Piece Dying, Finishing, and Machine Making, of Charlottenburg,
in the Empire of Germany.
Sealed the 20th June 1879, and dated the 28th December 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Guy Wilson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th December 1878.
"
JOHN GUY WILSON, of the Office for British & Foreign Patents, 71, Market
Street, in the City of Manchester, Mechanical Engineer and Patent Agent. 'A
NEW OR IMPROVED FRICTIONAL SPEED GEAR FOR IMPARTING VARYING SPEED TO
TOOLS AND OTHER MACHINERY, AND MEANS FOR SELF-ACTINGLY CONTROLLING THE
SAME." A communication from abroad by Fr. Gebauer, Manager of the Joint-Stock
Company for Piece Dying, Finishing, and Machine Making, of Charlottenburg, in
the Empire of Germany.
The object of the present Invention is to dispense with the over-head gear now
employed for giving varying speed to machine tools, and also to provide a frictional
speed gear capable of imparting any desired speed to any class of machinery, and
the variation of which can be regulated to the greatest nicety with ease, and without
stopping the machine, also affording facilities for instantaneously stopping the
machine itself, and further to provide means for self-actingly controlling the same.
Compared with existing speed gears this improved frictional speed gear possesses
the eminent advantages of greater simplicity, more extensive utility, reduced first
cost, and of less danger attending its manipulation,

page_text: Now this improved gear consists of two equal cones mounted in reverse direc-
tions, with their axes parallel to each other, in a suitable framing. One of these
cones is driven by the engine or other motive power, and the other cone which
drives the machine receives its motion from the first cone through the intervention
of a frictional roller mounted at the extremity of a suitable forked arm which is
capable of sliding along a guide bar carried by the same framing, and thus the speed
of the second cone is regulated and determined by the position of the friction roller,
which is drawn into frictional contact between the two cones by means of a weighted
lever.
If it be required to regulate the speed of the second cone, and thus self-actingly
to regulate the speed at which any machine is to be driven, I apply by preference a
ball governor, with lever connections for changing the position of the friction roller
between the cones self-actingly as required.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Guy Wilson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 28th
June 1879.
JOHN GUY WILSON, of the Office for British and Foreign Patents, 71, Market
Street, in the City of Manchester, Mechanical Engineer and Patent Agent. "A
NEW OR IMPROVED FRICTIONAL SPEED GEAR FOR IMPARTING VARYING SPEED TO
TOOLS AND OTHER MACHINERY, AND MEANS FOR SELF ACTINGLY CONTROLLING THE
SAME. A communication from abroad by Fr. Gebauer, Manager of the Joint Stock
Company for Piece Dying, Finishing, and Machine Making, of Charlottenburg,
in the Empire of Germany.
The object of the present Invention is to dispense with the over-head gear now
employed for giving varying speed to machine tools, and also to provide a frictional
speed gear capable of imparting any desired speed to any class of machinery, and
the variation of which can be regulated to the greatest nicety with ease, and
without stopping the machine; also affording facilities for instantaneously stopping
the machine itself; and further to provide means for self actingly controlling the
same. Compared with existing speed gears this improved frictional speed gear
possesses the eminent advantages of greater simplicity, more extensive utility,
reduced first cost, and of less danger attending its manipulation.
And in order that the said Invention may be more readily understood and carried
into practical effect, I have hereunto annexed a Drawing illustrating two modifi-
cations of the improved frictional speed gear, and will now proceed to describe the
same, reference being had to the numerals and letters of reference marked thereon.
Fig. 1 represents an end view, and Fig. 2 a plan, of an adjustable speed gear
arranged in accordance with this Invention; Fig. 3 is a front view, Fig. 4 a plan,
and Fig. 5 an end view, of a self regulating speed gear, also constructed in accordance
with this Invention.
In Figs. 1 and 2 the speed gear consists of two equal cones 1 and 2 mounted in
reverse direction, with their axes parallel to each other in the framing A. The
cone 1 is driven by the engine or other motive power either by the strap pulley B
or by any other convenient gear, and the cone 2, which is designed to drive the
machine to which revolving motion is required to be imparted receives its motion
from the cone 1, through the intervention of the friction roller 3. The periphery
of the friction roller 3 is formed, as illustrated, of two truncated cones joining at
their base, and which truncated cones it will be observed are of the same angle as
the cones 1 and 2. This friction roller 3 is mounted at the upper extremity of a
suitable forked link 6, which is connected at its lower extremity to a nut C screwing
upon the screwed shaft D, so that by turning such screwed shaft by means of the
hand wheel 5 the position of the friction wheel 3 along the screwed shaft and
between the cones 1 and 2 can be regulated to the greatest nicety, and consequently
the relative speed of the two cones be varied accordingly.
The necessary friction or pressure between the friction roller 3 and the cones 1
and 2 is imparted by the weighted lever E acting upon the square shaft F, and
causing the same to make a fraction of a revolution, this motion being in turn
communicated to the slotted arm G (which is carried by such shaft, so as to be
capable of sliding thereupon), which is so connected to the forked link 6 as to draw
down the friction roller 3 into contact with the cones 1 and 2 irrespective of what-
ever position such friction roller may occupy with respect to the cones 1 and 2.
The action of this adjustable speed gear may be described as follows:--If it be
required to drive the machine at a slow rate the friction roller 3 is by means of
turning the hand wheel 5 caused to approach the narrow end of the cone 1, and the
widest end of the cone 2, whilst if a quicker rate of speed is desired the said friction
wheel is moved in the reverse direction. Motion being now communicated to cone 1,
and the weighted lever E being free to exercise its pressure upon the friction roller 3,

page_text: this latter will by frictional contact communicate revolving motion at a propor-
tionate speed to the cone 2. If it be required to stop the motion, this can be effected
by simply raising the lever E, and thus removing the friction roller out of contact
with the cones.
The self requlating speed gear illustrated in Figs. 3, 4, and 5 only differs from the
adjustable gear herein before described in the friction roller 3 partaking of a spherical
form, and in the same being moved to and fro self-actingly, so as to give one
constant speed, this description of speed gear being specially useful in driving power
looms, spinning, and other machinery requiring uniform speed.
In this modification 1 and 2 are the driving cones, the cone 1 receiving motion
from the strap pulley 4, and communicating motion through the friction ball 3 to
the cone 2, this latter being either mounted in the same frame A as cone 1, and
being provided with a driving pulley 5, or forming part of the machinery requiring
to be driven.
The necessary self-acting adjustment of the friction ball 3 is effected by means of
the ball govenor L which is geared to the same shaft as cone 1, through the spur
wheels 6, 7, and 8 and bevil wheels 9 and 10. The friction ball 3 is in this case
carried between the arms 15 and 16 upon the sliding rod 14, and the extremity of
this rod 14 is connected to the sliding collar J of the govenor L through the bell-
crank lever 13, link 12, and lever 11.
The speed of the govenor L is so timed and regulated as that when the speed-
gear is being driven at the required speed such govenor is working at the middle
of its lift, and consequently with the friction ball 3 midway along or between the
cones 1 and 2, and any acceleration of speed causes the govenor balls to fly out
further and the friction ball 3 to travel to a position on the cones 1 and 2, which
gives a proportionately slower speed, whilst any retarding of speed has exactly the
reverse effect, and causes such friction ball to move in the other direction, or to a
position on the cones which will give a proportionately quicker speed; and thus a
self-regulating speed-gear is constructed capable of imparting an unvarying and
constant speed to any class of machinery.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion as so communicated to me, together with the best methods with which I am
acquainted for carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise construction and arrangement of govenor
herein before described and illustrated, as any govenor capable of giving motion to
a sliding collar might be substituted, nor do I confine myself to the precise details,
relative proportions or dimensions of the various parts of the improved speed gear
hereinbefore described and illustrated on the accompanying Drawing, as the same
may be considerably varied without departing from the Invention, but what I
claim is,―
1st. The general construction and arrangement of adjustable and self-regulating
speed gear, substantially as herein before described, and illustrated on the accom-
panying Drawing.
2nd. The combination of the cones 1 and 2 with the friction wheel or ball 3 when
mounted and operated adjustably or self actingly, substantially as and for the pur-
poses herein before described, and illustrated on the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Guy Wilson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this 27th day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.