matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A NEW OR IMPROVED COMBINED SHIRT FRONT AND COLLAR
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Price at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
December 1868.
I, EDWARD PRICE, of the Firm of Welch, Margetson, and Company,
of Cheapside, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED COMBINED SHIRT FRONT AND
COLLAR," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a new or improved combination of shirt
front and collar made in one article, and capable of adjustment to suit
the wearer without presenting creases in the front as is usually the
case with such combined articles of wear.
I propose to form the shirt front either plain or with pletes, being
worn with or without studs and with a closed front, plete, or fold; the
neckband is then continued beyond the limits of the collar itself, which is
attached thereto in the ordinary manner. Thus the collar is connected at
one end with the shirt front, and the other portion of the collar is passed
round the back of the neck and brought to the front of the band to
which it is fastened by a stud in the centre of the front and a button

page_text: or stud at the side or edge of the neck band. By this improvement
the inconvenience of adjusting the ordinary combination of collar and
front is obviated, as hitherto the collar has been attached to both sides
of the front, and the front has been an open one with studs down
centre plete in the middle to unite the two portions, but this system
has not been found to answer, on account of the difficulty in making
the front set smoothly on the chest.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTENSION LADDERS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lewis Buckingham Covert at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 9th September 1868.
I, LEWIS BUCKINGHAM COVERT, of the City and State of New York,
United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTENSION LADDERS," to be as follows:-
The lower or main ladder is made with side pieces grooved on
the inner faces, and these side pieces are united by cross pieces or
steps; these steps may form a single front piece, or may be divided to
form front and back portions, so that the extension ladder that slides
in the grooved faces may move between the divided steps. The
extension ladder sliding as aforesaid is provided with steps framed into the
side pieces, or made to swing on pintles at the ends, so as to turn
edgewise in passing in between the stationary steps, and a tapering key
inserted below each step when turned flat sustains the same. The
extension ladder is kept at any point to which it may be drawn out

page_text: by bolts ar pins. This ladder is provided with hinged back legs, and
the side pieces of the said legs are made with sliding extension
pieces to sustain the ladder at any point to which it may be drawn
out.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS OR GENERATORS FOR STEAM
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arnold Lupton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th August
1868.
"I, ARNOLD LUPTON, of Chesterfield, in the County of Derby, Mining
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS OR GENERATORS FOR STEAM," to be as
follows:-
My Invention is designed for the purpose of effecting the more perfect
combustion of gases, and also consumption of smoke evolved from the
fuel in furnaces, and the improvements consist in forming a chamber
or compartment behind the boiler in the flue, in which two passages
are formed between the boiler and the chimney, the one passage being
closed by dampers when the other is open, and vice versà; the larger of
these passages or thoroughfares is provided with fire-brick abutments,
against which the flames and products of combustion escaping from
the furnace impinge, thereby effecting a high state of temperature in
such chamber; an inlet valve for fresh air is provided in the heated
chamber, which is opened during the time the passage through such
compartment is stopped by the afore-mentioned damper, at this time

page_text: a thoroughfare or passage is opened between the heated air chamber and
the front of the furnace over the "dead plate."
From the following description of working the action of the apparatus
will be readily understood. Previous to the furnace being replenished
with fuel the passage from the bright furnace for the product of combus-
tion is through the chamber supplied with fire-brick abutments, which
thereby become heated to a high degree of temperature, but immediately
fresh coal is thrown upon the fire the passage through this heated chamber
is closed simultaneously with which the other passage of the compartment
is opened between the boiler and the chimney, and the fresh air valve or
damper is opened into the hot chamber through which the air as it passes
becomes heated and conducted by a passage along the side of the boiler
to the front of the furnace over the "dead plate," thereby causing hot
air to be mixed with the smoke of the furnace each time the fire is newly
replenished with fuel in a few minutes after such replenishing, and when
the fire has burnt up all the dampers then open are closed, by which
means the current from the boiler is diverted and passes again through
the heated chamber into the chimney. The valves may have a self-acting
motion given to them for opening and closing at the times required
by means of connecting rods and levers in connection with the boiler
door.
.
IMPROVEMENTS IN Locks
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Dowell and James'
Dowell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 26th February 1868.
We, WILLIAM DOWELL, of Rhyl, in the County of Flint, Whitesmith,
and JAMES DOWELL, of Penmaenmawr, in the County of Carnarvon,
Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for:
"IMPROVEMENTS IN Locks," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of the arrangements or combinations herein-
after described of the parts of a lock whereby greater security against
the picking of the lock is obtained.
In constructing a lock according to our Invention we employ the
usual arrangement of levers with gatings in the said levers and a
stump on the bolt to engage in the said gatings. To the bolt we affix a
plate, which plate is in contact with the back of the lock case and
slides backwards and forwards with the bolt. This plate has two holes
corresponding in size with the keyhole, and so situated in the said plate
that when the bolt is shot one of the said holes is opposite the keyhole,
and when the bolt is withdrawn the other hole is opposite the keyhole.
When the key has been introduced into the keyhole and turned,

page_text: it slides the said plate and thereby virtually closes the keyhole, so that
the keyhole cannot remain open excepting when the bolt is either
wholly shot or wholly withdrawn. By this arrangement the use of a
pick-lock is prevented. To the case of the lock a spring arm or lever
is jointed, the end of which is turned at right angles and bears against
the end of the plate described when the bolt is shot, and engages in
a slot in the top edge of the plate when the bolt is withdrawn, and
the bolt cannot be either shot or withdrawn until the said arm or lever
has been raised. The raising of the said arm or lever is effected in
the following manner:-In order to close the keyhole on both sides
of the lock a sliding plate somewhat similar to that described is placed
under the front of the lock case, and is connected with the other or
back plate by means of pins on the said back plate engaging in slots
in the said front plate. The said front plate covers the keyhole in the
way already described with respect to the back plate. When the key
is turned it first acts on the front plate, giving it sufficient motion to
cause a stump on its under side to come against an antifriction roller
on the arm or lever, and raise the said arm or lever and liberate the
back plate on which the key now acts to shoot or withdraw the bolt..
The key first acts on the front plate so as to raise the arm or lever,
whether the said key be turned in the direction proper to shoot the
bolt or that proper to withdraw the bolt.
Our several improvements may be used separately or in combination.
Ax IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF STRAINING SURFACE FOR OIL AND OTHER LIKE PRESSES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hassell Nutt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th May 1868.
I, JOSEPH HASSELL NUTT, of the Borough of Kingston-upon-Hull,
Oil Press Hair and Bagging Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "Ax IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF STRAINING
SURFACE FOR OIL AND OTHER LIKE PRESSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel mode of manufacturing the straining
surfaces used in pressing oil cake and other like matters for retaining
the solid matters in the press, while a free discharge of the oleaginous
or other fluid matters contained in the materials under treatment are
allowed to flow off. The strainer is composed of two iron frames
hinged together so that one may close upon the other and form a
receptacle for the material to be pressed. The frames are each made
of two straight bars with bevilled or inclined inner surfaces to facilitate
the discharge of the moulded cake, and they are connected together
by transverse rods rivetted or otherwise secured to the side bars.
These transverse or cross rods form the foundation for the woven
straining surface which is composed of hair or other suitable fibre.

page_text: The strands are interlaced with or woven into and upon the cross
bars which serve to equalize the pressure on the straining surfaces.
This arrangement will give greater durability to the straining surfaces
than is possessed by those heretofore manufactured and composed
wholly of hair or equivalent fibre.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HINGES APPLICABLE TO THE DOORS OF CARRIAGES, COACHES, AND SIMILAR VEHICLES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Carr at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
June 1868.
I, WILLIAM CARR, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Coach
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HINGES APPLICABLE TO THE DOORS OF
CARRIAGES, COACHES, AND SIMILAR VEHICLES," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to hinges employed for the doors of carriages,
coaches, landaus, barouches, and other vehicles, and is designed for the
purpose of enabling the door to be opened to the full width of the door-
way and to hang vertically when open, and when closed the hinge so
arranged within a box that water cannot enter the woodwork of the
carriage frame.
The improvements consist in the combination of a horizontal peculiarly
curved plate with a box or cover, at one end of which plate is the hinge
pin, and so arranged that the pin and curved plate are enclosed within
the box, which is attached to and contained in the doorway frame

page_text: the other end of this curved plate, which is attached to the door, being in
the form of an upright plate slightly inclined from the vertical in order
to allow for the angle of the door, and to keep it in a vertical position
when open.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CARTRIDGES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Bartram at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
April 1868.
I, WILLIAM BARTRAM, of Sheffield, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CARTRIDGES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture
and construction of cartridges, chiefly intended for breech-loading rifles
or sporting guns, but which are also applicable to muzzle-loaders having
a central-fire action, and they may also be loaded from the muzzle of
breech-loaders.
I propose to form the cartridge case of brass or other suitable metal,
and to apply to the interior of the base a nipple set and fixed in a socket.
tube attached to the base, leaving a space around the nipple enclosed
by the tube or socket; the face of the nipple is adjusted about the:
sixteenth of an inch below the surface of the base of the cartridge:
case, so that when the cap is placed on the nipple its striking face is.
well below the base, and is thus preserved from accidental friction or
a blow, which is not the case with the ordinary central-fire breech-.

page_text: loading cartridge, the detonator of which is nearly flush with the level
of the base of the cartridge, and sometimes projects above it, in which
case the cartridge is liable to be exploded while in the act of closing
the breech, especially in depressing barrel breech-loading arms.
Cartridge cases made on this principle will last a very long time, and
may be charged over and over again, and the trouble of extracting.
and re-capping involved in the use of the present central-fire cartridge
is entirely avoided, no anvil (so termed) being required for the per-
cussive action of the hammer, since the nipple supplies its place and
is a constant fixture in the cartridge case. In most cases the cap
after discharge will drop off the nipple, but if necessary an extractor
can be applied. The cartridge case may, however, be made partly of
paper and partly of metal, but it will not be so durable as the metallic
The nipple may be screwed from the interior of the case into
the tube or socket by means of a key, and the bore of the nipple and
tube may be increased or diminished in length to effect the ignition of
the powder at any distance from the cap.
Cartridges made according to this Invention will always be available
wherever the common ordinary percussion cap can be procured, whereas
with all others, unless a re-capping apparatus and proper detonators
can be found, the cartridge case is useless, and cannot be re-charged,
so that the gun is of no service.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR COOKING, BOILING, MELTING, AND EVAPORATING PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Rayner at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his. Petition, on the 16th
May 1868. A communication from abroad by Sarah Elizabeth
Saul, of the City, County, and State of Now York, United States of
America.
I, ROBERT RAYNER, of Lower Clapton, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR COOKING, BOILING, MELTING, AND
EVAPORATING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in applying to vessels employed for cooking,
boiling, melting, or evaporating an escape pipe or cover for the purpose
of collecting and conveying off from the vessel all noxious or strong
smelling vapors, and conducting them down into the body of the stove
or range, so that the steam or vapors arising from boiling, frying,
melting, or otherwise preparing all meats and vegetables or animal
matters will be carried down into the fire and consumed. This principle
may also be adapted to vessels used in assaying, roasting, or calcining
metals containing arsenic, sulphur, phosphorus, or other noxious volatile
matters. If desired the lower end of the tube may be continued to a

page_text: condensing chamber, and by this means the metals volatilized and the
chemical substances or agents above described may be saved, or if
noxious they will be prevented from falling on the land in the vicinity
and doing damage to the vegetation.
The Invention is also applicable to vessels employed for melting fats 5
or treating animal or vegetable substances, which while under treatment
evolve noxious effluvia; in these latter cases the noxious effluvia .or
vapours may be conducted into the fire and be there consumed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WORKING THE VALVES OF STEAM AND OTHER ENGINES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Frederick Spencer at tho
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho..
17th March 1868...
I, JOHN FREDERICK SPENCER, of Sunderland, in the County of Dur--
ham, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said.
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WORKING THE VALVES OF STEAM AND OTHER
ENGINES," to be as follows:-
These improvements are intended to be used chiefly with. what is
termed Corliss valve gear. and where separate ports are used for steam
and exhaust..
The first part of these improvements refers only to expansion valvo
gear
where the steam valve spindle vibrates on its own axis and motion.
is given to the steam valve by rods and levers from the usual eccentric,
and also where the steam valve is closed by the action of a spring weight
or pressure cylinder in connection with detent or escapement gear..
The first part of these improvements consists of two radial arms, discs;.
or segments both placed to vibrate concentrically to the axis of the steam.
valve spindle, one of which is permanently secured to the eccentric and
its rods, and the other arm, disc, or segment is permanently connected to

page_text: the valve spindle and to the spring or weight which closes the valve,
and both arms, discs, or segments are connected together and disengaged
at the intervals of time necessary to regulate the cut-off or expansion by
dentent or escapement gear in the usual or any convenient way. By this
improvement the rods connecting the valves with the eccentric can be
plain simple rods, and the detent gear is in fact a portion of the radial
arms, discs, or segments previously described.
The second part of my improvements consists of the elosing of valves
worked by detent gear by means of a piston working air-tight in a
cylinder and connected to the steam valve, which piston when drawn
out by the opening of the steam port forms a partial vacuum under the
piston, and by the pressure of the atmosphere on the upper side of the
said piston closes the steam port when the detent releases the valve. By
this improvement no steel, steam, or other spring is required for closing
the valve, as the drawing out the piston in opening the valve forms the
spring for closing it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRICK-MAKING MACHINERY
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Scholefield at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th April 1868.
I, RICHARD SCHOLEFIELD, of Leeds, in the County of York, Mechanic,
do hereby déclare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN BRICK-MAKING MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to machinery for forming or moulding clay
or plastic material into suitable shapes or forms for bricks, and the
improvements consist of a circular disc in which are a series of moulds
or recesses of suitable form for the clay or plastic material to be moulded
in. This disc is mounted horizontally upon a series of friction rollers,
and is capable of rotating on or around a central pillar fixed upon
a suitable bed plate. To the outer edge of the disc on the top side
is fixed a rim or flange projecting upward which (with the disc) forms
a hopper to receive the supply of clay, and to the under side or to
the edge of said disc is formed or attached a cog or toothed wheel
in which a pinion gears for giving motion thereto. One or more rollers
are mounted on arms affixed to the pillar above the disc, to which

page_text: rollers by preference I give an intermittent rotary motion by star wheel
or other suitable means, or continuous rotary motion may be given
to them so as to roll upon and press the clay into the moulds as
the disc rotates under them; I also apply other rollers which are
supported on the pillar and adjustable for regulating the quantity or
depth of clay in the hopper as may be required. A rim or flange is
also fixed to the pillar fitting to the disc, forming the inner side to
the hopper, and a knife or knives are attached to this flange fitting the
disc so as to cut the superfluous clay off the brick forms when in the
moulds, and scrapers are also applied for cleaning the said knives and
rollers. Each mould or recess is provided with a plunger, the stem of
which carries a friction roller which takes into a suitably formed cam
or cam groove fixed on the pillar, whereby as the disc rotates the
plungers are caused to slide to-and-fro in the moulds or recesses to
press the clay into forms and also to push the said forms out of the
moulds. The outer side of each mould is moveable by the action of
another cam which at suitable times places it into and out of position
for pressing the form, and to allow the said form to be pushed out
of the mould by the action of the plunger.
By this Invention clay or other plastic material is pressed by rollers
into the moulds as the said moulds pass in succession under them;
then by the action of the cam upon the plungers the clay is pressed
to the proper form in the moulds, and as the disc passes under the
knives they cut off the superfluous quantity of clay. The outer sides
of the moulds are then removed out of place by the action of the
other cam provided for that purpose, and the plungers push the brick
forms out from the moulds upon a creeper or travelling endless apron.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR GLOVE BOXES, HANDKERCHIEF BOXES, PURSES, CIGAR CASES, NECESSAIRES, WRITING CASES, AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ferdinand Neiber at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
March 1868.
I, FERDINAND NEIBER, of Vienna, in the Austrian Empire, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR GLOVE BOXES, HANDKERCHIEF BOXES,
PURSES, CIGAR CASES, NECESSAIRES, WRITING CASES, AND OTHER ARTICLES,"
to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is an improved contrivance or arrange-
ment of parts by means of which boxes and other articles may be
fastened in a simple and effective manner.
The Invention is especially applicable to the class of articles which
close with two lids, jaws, or flaps, hinged at the ends, and meeting and
closing together at their free ends.
According to my Invention I fix to one such lid, jaw, or flap, or
to other convenient part of the article to be fastened, a socket, staple,
or recessed piece, in which I place a spiral or other spring. There may,
however, be two or more such sockets or staples containing springs.

page_text: On the other or opposite flap or lid, or on other convenient part of
the article beyond or on the other side of the mouth, division, or
opening, I fix one, two, or more sockets, staples, or recessed pieces;
into these sockets or staples I place the ends of, or the ends of limbs,
branches, or portions of, a piece of any convenient shape, which piece,
for convenience of description, I call the "fastener." This fastener
lies on, over, or across the mouth or opening of the article. It is not
a fixture but can be readily taken in and out of the staples or sockets;
but when the aforesaid ends are placed therein, the fastener is held
firmly in position, the spring or springs and the socket or sockets which
contain the same press against the ends engaged therein, and force
the other or opposite ends into their sockets so that the article is
securely fastened, and it is readily unfastened by withdrawing the
fastener from the sockets which hold its engaged ends.
The fastener may be constructed of various useful and ornamental
forms. It may even be an article or appliance having an useful object,
as for example, it may be a pair of scissors, or a smelling bottle, or other
article.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BURNING COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS IN FURNACES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Bunning at tho Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
October 1868.
I, HENRY BUNNING, junior, of Field House, New Cross, in the
County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BURNING COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS IN
FURNACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for
burning combustible liquids in furnaces.
In the Specification of a former Patent granted to me and dated
the 5th day of February last, No. 393, apparatus for this purpose is.
described, consisting of a box or retort placed in the furnace. The.
interior of this box or retort is by suitable partitions formed into a
zig-zag channel, to one end of which the combustible liquid is supplied,
and from the other end the gas or vapor generated in the box or retort.
escapes into pipes from perforations in which it issued and is burnt..
According to my present Invention I still employ such a box or
retort, but in addition to the zig-zag passages already mentioned for the

page_text: circulation of the oil and its conversion into gas I provide the box or
retort with a reservoir at the top, into which the gas or vapour from
the zig-zag passage passes, and from which it enters the burner passages,
which now are formed as part of the box or retort in place of being
separate pipes as before. These passages run along either side of the
box or retort near the bottom, and are perforated for the gas or vapour
to escape. As these passages are now supplied from a reservoir in place
of direct from the zig-zags the jets of flame are more steadily maintained.
The box or retort is also made with two other passages, one running
along each side and near the top of the box or retort; these passages
are supplied with steam, which becomes superheated in them, and issues
by orifices in the passages as jets, which are arranged intermediate of the
gas jets. The steam tends to prevent the formation of smoke.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ENTRENCHING TOOLS INTENDED TO BE APPLIED TO FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Kenneth Henry Cornish at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th May 1868.
I, KENNETH HENRY CORNISH, of South Molton Street, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ENTRENCHING TOOLS INTENDED TO BE
APPLIED TO FIRE-ARMS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to entrenching tools intended to be applied to
fire-arms and fitted into a recess formed in the butt end of the stock
of the gun, and the feature of novelty and improvement in this Invention
consists in so constructing and attaching the handle as that it may be
rigidly connected to the blade of the tool when the tool is required for
I propose to effect this in the following manner and by the
following means, that is to say:-To the blade of the tool, which should
be of steel, by preference shaped so as to fit flush on to the outside of the
stock of the gun, I rivet or otherwise securely fix a short cylindrical-
shaped piece of metal with an upright notch formed across it to receive
one end of a piece of metal fitting into the said notch so as to form a
hinged joint by passing a pin through the two aforesaid pieces of metal.

page_text: The other end of this last-mentioned piece of metal I form cylindrical
and hollow to receive a handle of wood or other light and suitable
material which is permanently fixed thereinto. I also adapt a loose
sliding collar or short tube over and upon that part of the joint into
which the handle of the tool is fitted, and make a double bayonet slot or
groove in the said tube, the said slot working on pins respectively fixed
in the two parts of the aforesaid joint; one pin guides the short tube in a
straight line as it is pushed forward, and the other pin locks the said
tube over the two parts of the joint, thereby connecting the handle
rigidly to the blade of the entrinching tool when the tool is required for
use. By drawing back the aforesaid tube when the tool is not required,
the joint being thus uncovered, the handle may be turned or folded back,
and should be so formed as to lie inside the blade of the tool, in which
position it is placed in the recess in the stock of the gun and may be
fixed thereto by studs or other convenient fastenings.
IMPROVED FASTENINGS FOR GLOVES, BOOTS, AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Needham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd February 1868.
I, JOSEPH NEEDHAM, of Piccadilly; in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
FASTENINGS FOR GLOVES, BOOTS, AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
This: Invention has for its object improved fastenings for gloves,
boots, and other articles, for which purpose I attach to one side of
the slit or opening of the glove or other article, by means of a joint, a
short arm or lever formed at its outer end with an enlargement or
button, and at the other side of the slit or opening, in a position
opposite to the joint of the arm or lever, I form a button hole, through
which the enlargement or projection before mentioned may be passed,
so that on drawing the lever upward the button-hole side of the slit
or opening may be caused to slide along the lever until it reaches a
part thereof which is formed somewhat in the manner of a ratchet
tooth, and is thereby held until it is moved upward, so as to clear
the projection, and is thus allowed to slide back along the lever.
Otherwise I attach at each side of the slit or opening, near to the

page_text: respective edges thereof, a piece or light bar of metal formed (by
preference) near to its end with a projection similar in form to the
ratchet-like projection before mentioned, and I make use of a ring or
slotted piece, circumscribing the two bars in such manner as that by
sliding or moving the ring or slotted piece along the bars the two edges
of the slit or opening may be drawn towards each other, and at the
desired point the ring or slot may be retained in position, preferably, by
the ratchet-like projections already referred to.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF GUNPOWDER MILLS AND IN MACHINERY USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GUNPOWDER
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Vincent Wanostrocht at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the.
7th September 1868.
I, VINCENT WANOSTROCHT, of 38, Walbrook, in the City of London,.
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF GUNPOWDER MILLS AND IN MACHINERY USED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF GUNPOWDER," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in placing the roofs: of gunpowder mills on
columns constructed after the manner of telescopes, and in such:
manner that the roof will easily slide up or down, and so in case of
explosion that instead of being shattered it will be blown open and
permit the ready escape of the gases. The sides and ends of the
buildings are also placed in lateral slides in a similar manner, or on
hinges to open outwards from the top, so as to offer the least possible.
amount of resistance.
The construction may be varied so long as the roof, sides; and' ends
of the mill are capable of opening outwards, as described; to give ready
escape to the gases resulting from an explosion.

page_text: I also use, instead of the hydraulic press now used for pressing the
gunpowder into cakes, eccentric rollers compressing the mass and
passing over a bed or table capable of resisting the pressure necessary
to the due consolidation of the materials.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR RENDERING CERTAIN PORTIONS OF WINDOWS AND DOORS OR DOORWAYS AIR AND WATER TIGHT
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ernest Zoepfel at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
August 1868.
I, ERNEST ZOEPFEL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Jewel
Case Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR RENDERING CERTAIN PORTIONS OF WINDOWS
AND DOORS OR DOORWAYS AIR AND WATER TIGHT," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates principally to the doors and windows of dwelling
houses, and consists of an improved arrangement having for its object
the rendering of the said doors and windows more efficient for the
exclusion of rain, dust, or excessive currents of air from the interiors of
the said dwelling houses, my Invention being more particularly applicable
to the closure of the space usually existing between the lower part of
an entrance door and the threshold, the said closure being effected in
manner as follows:--To the threshold of the doorway is fitted a clip
or guard of brass or other suitable metal or material which serves
to retain in position a tubular strip of caoutchouc, the said strip of
caoutchouc having a longitudinal recess or groove in the side nearest to
the door. To the lower edge of the door is affixed, by means of screws

page_text: or bolts, or by other suitable means, a brass moulding or a bar or moulding
formed of iron, zinc, galvanized iron, or other suitable material, the said
moulding being formed with a projecting wedge-shaped edge, the sides of
the wedge being preferably curved and the said moulding being so fitted
to the door as that when the door is closed the projecting edge of the
moulding will enter the recess or groove in the caoutchouc and the said
caoutchouc will be pressed tightly both against the moulding and the
threshold, thereby excluding rain or air from passing underneath the
door. The strip of caoutchouc is fixed in the clip or guard by rivetting
or by other suitable means, the edges of the clip being sometimes formed
with teeth resembling saw teeth in order to take a firmer hold of the
said caoutchouc. In order that the clip or guard when applied to an
"outside door" may not be foloniously removed, the said clip or guard
is attached to the lower portions of the door posts in such a manner
as that the screws or other fastenings employed or a portion thereof
may be inaccessable from without the building when the door is
closed.
A modification of the above described arrangement may be applied to
window sashes and window frames, the caoutchouc with its shield being.
attached to the sill and a bar or moulding to the sash, or the said bar or
moulding may be fixed to the sill and the caoutchouc to the sash; and
if it be desired to make the junction of the sashes or the various portions
of a window water-tight, the said bar or moulding may be fixed to one
sash and the caoutchouc to the other sash in manner as found most
suitable to each case.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRAL-FIRE CARTRIDGES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Franz Waenzel at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th June 1868.
I, FRANZ WAENZEL, of Vienna, in the Empire of Austria, Gun Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CENTRAL-FIRE CARTRIDGES," to be as follows:-
According to my Invention of improvements in central-fire cartridges
I provide the rear end of the cartridge case, which is made entirely of
metal, with a central inner cavity for containing the fulminate by which
the cartridge is to be exploded. The fulminate is placed in a metal disc
slightly dished and provided with one or more perforations, which disc
is placed in the rear end of the cartridge and there secured by pressure,
the fulminate being contained between the disc and the end of the
cartridge. The cartridge case is afterwards filled in the usual manner.
The fulminate when exploded communicates with and ignites the
charge by means of the before-mentioned perforation or perforations
in the disc which separates the one from the other.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING AND PRINTING YARNS AND FABRICS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Crace Calvert at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd September 1868.
I, FREDERICK CRACE CALVERT, of the City of Manchester, Analytical
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING AND PRINTING YARNS AND FABRICS," to be
as follows:-
My Invention consists in the use of phosphoric acid combined with
various bases, such as lime, magnesia, alumina, iron, manganese, tin,
lead, and others, either with or without tanning substances as mordants
for dyeing and printing.
In performing my Invention I pass the bleached or scoured yarns
or fabrics into a weak solution of one of the phosphates above described
previously dissolved in an acid, and then into a bath containing a
vegetable, animal, or coal tar dye, or I pass the yarns or fabrics into
a weak solution of any of the phosphates above described previously
dissolved in an acid, and then into an alkaline bath, by which the
phosphate is fixed in an insoluble salt on the yarn or fabric. The yarns

page_text: or fabrics so prepared can then be dyed or printed with aniline or tar
colours or with any vegetable or animal colouring agents. The same
results can be obtained by passing the yarns or fabrics prepared as above
described, and before they are dyed or printed, into a bath of a tanning
substance.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENETIAN BLINDS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO ROLLER BLINDS
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry James Crockett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd June 1868..
I, HENRY JAMES CROCKETT, of 22, Kent Villas, Grange Road East,
Dalston, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for." IMPROVEMENTS IN VENETIAN BLINDS, PART OF WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO ROLLER BLINDS," to be as follows:-
The object of the improvements is general facility in the use of
Venetian and roller blinds. In the case of a Venetian blind it is raised
by cords or bands winding on to a top roller and passing down through
holes in the intermediate laths to a bottom one, to which such cords or
bands are connected. This roller is caused to turn for. winding up by
pulling a cord previously wound on to a pulley at one end of such
roller, and it is held in position as may be desired by ratchet teeth on
the roller taken into by a corresponding tooth on the under side of a
lever which for security of holding acts over or nearly over the axis of
the roller, whilst the axis of motion of this lever is at some distance.
behind and about at a level with the point of contact of its tooth with
the tooth of the rack wheel on the blind roller. This lever is by

page_text: preference of a curved form and is bent in a direction under the rack,
where it is provided with an elongated opening or slot for the passage
of the winding cord, and so as to admit of accumulation of cord on to
the pulley on the roller. The weight of the lever holds the rack and
roller to which it is applied in position, and the lever may be readily
released from its catch by drawing the cord inwards from the window
so as to raise the outer end of the lever with its catch from the teeth of
the ratchet wheel, when the weight of the laths will cause their descent
and the rewinding of the winding cord. By dropping or releasing the
cord the lever catch falls into the ratchet wheel and holds to one of
its teeth when the descent of the blind instantly ceases. The upper
lath has a segmental plate applied to each of its ends and a stud
which takes into a notch in the supporting brackets in position.
corresponding with the centre or axis of motion of such lath. These
plates have also segmental slots to receive other supporting pins from
the supporting brackets to admit of the lath turning on its axis of
motion. A cord or cords attached to eyes at the opposite sides of this
lath are used to give the desired inclination to it, and by the tapes or
bands to the others of the laths of the blind.. The method of giving.
motion to the roller is applicable to roller blinds except that in such
cases less room will be required for the winding cords and a shorter
slot in the click lever.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOBBING, SPOOLS, WHARLES, AND TUBES EMPLOYED IN SPINNING AND TWISTING WOOL, WORSTED, COTTON, SILK, FLAX, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Cook at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
November 1868.
I, RICHARD Cook, of the Firm of Robert Cook & Co. "Limited,"
of Hathersage (near Sheffield), in the County of Derby, Manufacturers
and Merchants, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOBBING, SPOOLS, WHARLES, AND
TUBES EMPLOYED IN SPINNING AND TWISTING WOOL, WORSTED, COTTON, SILK,
FLAX, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
Heretofore bobbins and spools and some kinds of tubes have been
made or manufactured of wood, and wharles and tubes have chiefly
been made of cast metal turned and bored to proper form. Now my
improvements consist in the making or manufacturing all such articles
of sheet brass, zinc, or other metal capable of being rolled into sheets
and pressed or formed to the required shape and size, and whether
to be employed in flyer cap-cup or other kind of spinning and twisting
machinery.

page_text: By this Invention bobbins and spools may be made of smaller
diameter in the barrel, and thereby will hold a greater quantity of
yarn than wooden ones and also be equally light and more durable.
Wharles and tubes can be made of thinner metal and consequently
lighter than when cast, and at less cost, and equally durable.
A NEW OR IMPROVED BLIND FOR HANSOM CABS OR OTHER OPEN VEHICLES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Benjamin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition on the 8th
September 1868.
I, SAMUEL BENJAMIN, of Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
BLIND FOR HANSOM CABS OR OTHER OPEN VEHICLES," to be as follows (that is
to say):
My Invention has reference to a simple and inexpensive method of
constructing glazed blinds for Hansom cabs or other open vehicles,
whereby all rain or dust is effectually excluded, at the same time
admitting of the usual ventilation, and consists of a semicircular glazed
sash which is drawn out from between the roof and false lining of the
same inside the cab by means of a cord, handle, or otherwise, so as to
form a protection from the weather, and when not required again
returned by the driver through the medium of a cord or handle to its
former position, between the roof and false lining, by which the whole

page_text: of the said glazed sash frame is hidden from view and prevented from
being broken by accidents or otherwise, in connection with which a
stop pin or groove is employed for controlling the sliding action of
the blind.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR WINDOW SASHES
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Smith Whilock and
Henry Harford at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 28th February 1868.
We, THOMAS SMITH WHILOCK, of Aston, near Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Ale and .Porter Merchant, and HENRY HARFORD,
of Birmingham, aforesaid, Carpenter, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FASTENINGS FOR WINDOW SASHES,"
to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists of the arrangement or combination herein-
after described of the parts of fastenings to be used for fastening window
sashes either in a closed position or open position.
In constructing fastenings for fastening window sashes according to
our Invention, we place across the channel in the frame of the window
in which the lower sash works a metal bed plate in a dovetail recess in
which a dovetail plate slides horizontally. The said dovetail plate is
fixed to a vertical bar which also slides horizontally, the said bar having
on its inner face two projecting pins or studs. The said bar works in an
opening made in the beading on the outer edge of the channel in which
the lower sash works. The said sliding bar is pressed inwards by a

page_text: spring, so that when the said bar is in its normal position it fills up the
opening in and forms a continuation of the said beading. By means of
a small bolt on the side of the window frame the sliding bar described
may be fixed or released. On the inner side of the lower sash a series
of holes is made, with any two of which the pins or studs on the said
sliding bar may engage, and thereby fix the said sash in its closed
position, or fix it at any required height in the frame. In order to
unfasten the sash the small bolt is first withdrawn so as to liberate the
sliding bar, when the latter may be pressed outwards so as to withdraw
its pins or studs from the holes in the sash. The said sash may now be
raised or lowered to the required extent, after which the sliding bar is
loosed from the hand when it is pressed back or inwards by its spring.
The studs or pins on the said sliding bar are thereby made to engage
with the holes in the sash and fix it in its closed or adjusted position.
By shooting the small bolt the sliding bar is fixed.
The same arrangement of parts of a fastening is applied to the
channel in which the upper sash works for fastening the said upper sash.
In this case the sliding bar works in and forms a continuation of the
parting bead between the two channels of the frame and the small bolt
for fastening, the bar works in the channel in which the lower sash
slides. The fastenings described may be used at both sides of the upper
and lower sashes.
A NEW & IMPROVED STOVE AND COOKING APPARATUS BY WHICH A SAVING OF FUEL IS EFFECTED
Year: 1868

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATON left by Edward Deane at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th August
1868.
I, EDWARD DEANE, of No. 1, Arthur St. East, London Bridge, in the
City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for:
"A NEW & IMPROVED STOVE AND COOKING APPARATUS BY WHICH A SAVING OF
FUEL IS EFFECTED," to be as follows:-
A stove in which the construction of the flues & dampers shall
be able to give such degree of heat to a boiler & oven at the side
of the fire as may be required at any period, they are used for cooking
a plan hitherto unused, by which a great economy of fuel is..
effected, be that fuel coal, coke, wood, or turf, either of which this.
stove is capable of burning & obtaining, heat therefrom, so as to
properly cook the food intended to be eaten in the proper time.
acknowledged by the professors of the art of cookery as will give
the greatest amount of nourishment & flavour of the various viands
intended to be used..

page_text: I claim as my Invention the peculiar construction of the stove or
apparatus, the construction of the flues & damper, the side fire for
roasting, & feeding from the front, & placing such stove or apparatus
on wheels, so as to make it easily moveable in the field for the
army, & on board ship. Hence I call it the United Service stove.