IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS FOR GRINDING CORN AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Simon, of No. 7, St. Peter's Square, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS FOR
GRINDING CORN AND OTHER SUBSTANCES." A communication from abroad by
Gustav Daverio, of Oberstrass, near Zürich, Switzerland.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Simon at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th June 1879.
HENRY SIMON, of No. 7, St. Peter's Square, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS FOR GRINDING CORN AND OTHER SUB-
STANCES." [A communication from abroad by Gustav Daverio, of Oberstrass, near
Zürich, Switzerland.]
In the Specification to Letters Patent granted to Carl Pieper, on the 8th Oct.
1877, No. 3725, for an Invention of "Improvements in Flour Mills," a communi-
cation from Gustav Daverio, was described a construction of flour mill having
three rollers arranged with their axes in a nearly vertical line, and surmounted by
a feed hopper with passages therefrom, so arranged that part of the cercal, meal, or
other substance to be operated on passed between the upper and middle rollers, and
part passed between the middle and lower rollers. The present Invention relates
to improvements in mills of the three roller kind, these improvements having for
their objects means of operating the feeding mechanism, of adjusting the feed at
both sides of the mill, and of regulating the squeeze of the rollers. The middle roller
which is driven by any suitable motor has on its axis a cog wheel which gears with
two larger mortice wheels, one on the axis of the upper roller, and one on the axis
of the lower roller, these two rollers being thus driven at a speed somewhat less
than that of the middle roller. On the axis of the upper roller is fixed a screw
worm, which gears with a worm wheel on a short cross shaft above it. This shaft
has at each end a bevel pinion each gearing with a bevel pinion on the axis of
one of the feed rollers, the feed rollers being thus driven by gearing, which is all
housed within one of the side frames of the mill. On the outer sides of the hopper
are fitted slides to which by means of screws working in eccentric slots are
attached facings or sluices, the edges of which for adjusting the feed are set nearer

page_text: to or farther from the peripheries of the feed rollers in the following manner :-
A transverse spindle extending through the hopper from side to side, and having at
each end a hand wheel by which it can be turned has also at each end a bevil
pinion, which gears with a bevil pinion having a hollow axis mounted in bearings
on the face of the hopper. The interior of this hollow axis has a female screw
thread fitting a bolt attached to the feed slide, which by turning the transverse
spindle in the one direction or the other is thus screwed upwards or downwards, so
as to increase or diminish the passage between the facing of the slide and the feed
roller, whereby the feed is varied, as desired.
The squeeze of the rollers is regulated as follows: The axis of the middle roller,
which is a little behind a vertical line through the axes of the upper and lower
rollers, works in bearings mounted on the side frames of the mill. The axes of the
upper and lower rollers work in bearings in short horizontal arms of bent levers,
the longer vertical arms of which extend the one downward and the other upwards,
nearly meeting at the level of the axis of the middle roller. On the face of or in
recesses in each of these vertical arins is pivotted an adjusting lever, one end of
which has an adjusting screw with hand wheel, by which it can be set nearer to or
farther from the back of the bent lever on which it is pivotted. The other ends of
the two adjusting levers nearly meet at the level of the axis of the middle roller,
and both bear against the periphery of an eccentric on a transverse spindle, which
can be turned nearly half round by a hand lever. The ends of the long arms of
the bent levers are also connected to a rod acted upon by a spring in such manner
that the ends of the levers are thereby drawn inwards with their adjusting levers
against the said eccentric, so that the rollers are held with an elastic or yielding
force in a certain position relative to the middle roller. When it is desired to alter
this position, that is, to move the upper and lower rollers nearer to or farther from
the middle roller, this is effected by turning the excentric, more or less, round by means
of its hand lever, so that in the one case in pressing against the adjusting levers it
moves the ends of the bent levers outwards against the action of the spring, whilo
in the other case the excentric in receding from the lovers allows these to be drawn
inwards by the spring. The hand lever which works. the excéntric has a thumb
screw working in a curved slot in the framing, so that it can be set when required,
so fixing the position of the excentric and maintaining the distance between the.
rollers.
:
The bent levers also carry anti-friction rollers which take the strain on the
bearings of the grinding rollers, and which run in boxes containing lubricating.
material, as described in the Specification above referred to.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Simon in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd December
1879.
HENRY SIMON, of No. 7, St. Peter's Square, Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MILLS FOR GRINDING CORN AND OTHER SUB-
STANCES. " "A communication from abroad by Gustav Daverio, of Oberstrass, near
Zurich, Switzerland.
In the Specification to Letters Patent granted to Carl Pieper, on the 8th October
1877, No. 3725, for an Invention of "Improvements in Flour Mills" a communi-
cation from Gustav Daverio, was described a construction of flour mill having three
rollers arranged with their axes in a nearly vertical line, and surmounted by a feed
bopper with passages therefrom, so arranged that part of the cereal, meal, or other
substance to be operated on passed between the upper and middle rollers, and part
passed between the middle and lower rollers. The present Invention relates to
improvements in mills of the three roller kind; these improvements having for
their objects means of operating the feeding mechanism, of adjusting the feed at
both sides of the mill, and of regulating the squeeze of the rollers. The middle roller,
which is driven by any suitable motor, has on its axis a cog wheeel, which gears
with two larger mortice wheels, one on the axis of the upper roller, and one on the
axis of the lower roller; these two rollers being thus driven at a speed somewhat
less than that of the middle roller. On the axis of the upper roller is fixed a screw.
worm, which gears with a worm wheel on a short cross shaft above it. This shuft
has at each end a bevil pinion, each gearing with a bevil pinion on the axis of one
of one of the feed rollers, the feed rollers being thus driven by gearing, which is all
housed within one of the side frames of the will. On the outer sides of the hopper
are fitted slides to which by means of screws working in eccentric slots are attached
facings or sluices, the edges of which for adjusting the feed are sot nearer to or
farther from the peripheries of the feed rollers in the following manner:-A trans-
verse spindle extending through the hopper from side to side, and having at each
end a hand wheel by which it can be turned, has also at each end a bevil pinion
which gears with a bevil pinion having a hollow axis mounted in bearings on the
face of the hopper. The interior of this hollow axis has a female screw thread
fitting a bolt attached to the feed slide, which by turning the transverse spindle in
the one direction or the other is thus screwed upwards or downwards, so as to
increase or diminish the passage between the facing of the slide and the feed roller,
whereby the feed is varied as desired.
The squeeze of the rollers is regulated as follows:-The axis of the middle roller,
which is a little behind a vertical line through the axes of the upper and lower
rollers, works in bearings mounted on the side frames of the mill. The axes of the
upper and lower rollers work in bearings in short horizontal arms of bent' lovers, the
longer vertical arms of which extend, the one downwards and the other upwards,
nearly meeting at the level of the axis of the middle roller. On the face of or in
recesses in each of these vertical arms is pivotted an adjusting lever, one end of
which has an adjusting screw with hand wheel, by which it can be set nearer to or
farther from the back of the bent lever on which it is pivotted. The other ends of
the two adjusting levers nearly meet at the level of the axis of the middle roller,'
and both bear against the periphery of an eccentric on a transverse spindle, which
can be turned nearly half round by a hand lever. The ends of the long arms
of the bent levers are also connected to a rod acted upon by a spring in such a
manner that the ends of the levers are thereby drawn inwards with their adjusting
levers against the said eccentric, so that the rollers are held with an elastic or
yielding force in a certain position relatively to the middle roller. When it is
desired to alter this position, that is, to move the upper and lower rollers nearer
to or farther from the middle roller, this is effected by turning the eccentric, more

page_text: or less round by means of its hand lever, so that in the one case in pressing against
the adjusting levers it moves the ends of the bent levers outwards against the
action of the spring, while in the other case the eccentric in receding from the
lévers allows these to be drawn inwards by the spring. The hand lever which
works the eccentric has a thumb screw working in a curved slot in the framing, so
that it can be set where required, so fixing the position of the eccentric and
maintaining the distance between the rollers.
The bent, levers also carry anti-friction rollers which take the strain on the
bearings of the grinding rollers, and which run in boxes containing lubricating
material, as described in the Specification above referred to.
Fig. 1 is a part front elevation and part vertical section of a three roller mill
with the improvements according to this Invention applied thereto; Fig. 2 is a
side elevation; Fig. 3 is a part section through the feed hopper; and Fig. 4 is a
part sectional plan on the line X, X, of Fig. 2; A1, A2, A3, are respectively the
upper, middle, and lower grinding rollers, the material to be crushed or ground is
fed separately between A' and A³, and between A3 and A³, from the hopper M in.
the manner described in the Specification above.referred to. The axis a² of the
..middle roller carrying the driving pulley B works in fixed bearings, and drives the
axes a¹, a³, of the upper and lower rollers by toothed gear C, so proportioned that
the speed of the upper and lower rollers is somewhat less than that of the middle
roller. The upper and lower wheels are preferably mortice wheels. The axes
a, as, of the upper and lower rollers are mounted in the short arms of bent levers
D1, D2, pivotted at d', de, to the framing E, and having their long arms extending
respectively downwards and upwards until they nearly meet at the centre line of the
middle roller, as shewn. On the outer faces of such arms are adjusting pieces or
levers F, F, pivotted at fi, f, which pieces have their ends extending to the ends
of the lever arms, and are both simultaneously acted upon by the eccentric G on an
axis, which can be turned by means of a lever H working in a quadrant H¹. Tho
other ends of. the adjusting pieces F1, F3, have screws I passing through them and
screwing into the levers D¹, D. The long arm of each lever D1, D2, is furthermore
connected by a pin j (Fig. 4), to a spring bolt J, carried by the framing which tends
to draw these arms in the direction of the arrows, and consequently to make tho short
arms together with the grinding rollers A' and A³ approach the roller A³. By this
spring action the lever arms are brought with their adjusting pieces F1, F2, against
the eccentric Gas a stop, and thus, firstly, by turning the eccentric stop G more or
less round by means of the lever H, the rollers A', A³, may be moved nearer to or
farther from the roller A³; and secondly, by adjusting the pieces F', F", by incans
of the screws I, the rollers A¹, A³, can each be independently adjusted accurately in
position, relatively to the roller A³, so as to obtain the exact degree of fineness
required in the grinding process for each pair of grinding rollers. Also, assuming
the rollers A', A3, to be set to their correct position when the eccentric stop G is in
the position shewn in the Drawing, with its smallest radius presented to the
adjusting pieces, then by turning it round by means of its lever, the rollers A', A³,
may be quickly moved away from A2, should any hard substance have passed
between either of them, so as to let it pass through and thus prevent the clogging
or injury of the rollers. On then turning back the eccentric, the rollers A', A³, will
be at once drawn back into their original position by the spring J. By means of
this spring the roller A³, A³, are held in position with an elastic pressure capable of
yielding somewhat, so as to prevent undue strain on the bearings.
The screws I are prevented from shifting after adjustment by means of spring
catches taking into serrated rims on the screws.
The adjusting pieces F, F, may either be pivotted to the faces of the levers
D¹, D, as shewn, or they may be sunk into recesses in the latter. The eccentric

page_text: stop G is secured in whichever position it is set by means of a thumb nut ½
holding the lever H in position in the quadrant H'.
The thrust of the bearings of the axes a¹, a³, is taken by anti-friction rollers
K', K³, carried in boxes K³, K', which are hinged to the levers on one side, and are
secured thereto by screws on the other side, so that by turning these screws the
pressure of the rollers K on the bearings can be regulated.
The bearings of a', a³, are lubricated by small rollers in cups k, k, below the
bearings containing the lubricant, while the bearings of a³ are lubricated by the
anti friction rollers K² themselves, which dip into the lubricant contained in
the box K
The two feed apertures m of the feed hopper M are provided with feed rollers O
to which a slow rotary motion is imparted in the direction of the arrows, Fig. 3,
by means of bevil pinions L on a shaft L¹, carrying a worm wheel L³ in gear with
a worm P on the axis a¹ of the upper roller. For regulating the feed openings,
the hopper slides Q carry spindles screwing through screwed bushes R rotatable
in brackets on the hopper M.
These bushes have small bevil pinions in gear
with bevil pinions S₁ on a spindle S, passing right through the hopper and pro-
vided with hand wheels S2, so that by turning the spindle S, both slides are
simultaneously moved up or down to regulate the feed openings. For the more
accurate adjustment of these openings the slides Q carry plates Q' turning on
centres q, and having eccentric slots through which pass screwed pins on sub-
sidiary slides that are secured in the slots by thumb nuts, so that by adjusting
the slotted plates Q', the position of the slides T can be adjusted accurately upon
the slides Q, so as to insure a uniform delivery of the grain along the whole length
of the feed openings.
The arrangements for delivering the grain or other substances from the feed
openings to the grinding rollers, being as described in the Specification above
referred to, need not be further described.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent,
I claim as improvements in mills of the three roller kind above referred to,-
First. Regulating the feed at both sides of the hopper simultaneously by means
of a transverse shaft working by gearing the adjusting screws of the two feed
slides, these slides being themselves independently adjustable by subsidiary slides
set thereon by pins working in eccentric slots, substantially as herein described.
Second. Effecting the independent adjustment of the upper and lower rollers
relatively to the middle roller, by means of subsidiary levers pivotted and adjusted
by setting screws on the long arms of the bent levers, which carry in their short
arms the roller axes, substantially as herein described.
Third. For regulating simultaneously and also independently the distances
between the upper, and lower, and the middle roller, so as to give variable elastic
pressure, the combination of the bent levers D¹, D3, the subsidiary levers F1, F2,
adjustable by the setting screws I, the spring bolt J, eccentric G, and its handle H,
as herein described with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Simon, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twentieth day of December, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy nine.
HENRY SIMON. (L.S.)