IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH SIGNALLING APPARATUS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Edward Newton of the Office for Patents
66 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH SIGNALLING
APPARATUS" Communicated to him from abroad by Oscar Zadig of Paris
in the Republic of France
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th July 1882.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents 66 Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex Civil Engineer IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH
SIGNALLING APPARATUS." [Communicated to him from abroad by Oscar Zadig
of Paris in the Republic of France.]
The object of this invention is to provide a simple apparatus whereby the
attention of the clerk at any given telegraph station on a line may be called direct
through a single wire and without the intervention of the clerks in the inter-
mediate stations as is now the case.
The apparatus consists of a pair of electro-magnets which when the current is
passed to them, by depressing a key to complete the circuit, act upon and rock a
lever suitably placed for the purpose. This lever is connected with a second lever
which is pivotted at one end and carries a small wheel or pulley. On the axle of
this wheel is keyed a pointer and a spoke or finger set to correspond to a particular
station on the line. To the pulley is secured a cord which has at its outer end a
small weight. Above the wheel and at a short distance therefrom is placed a clock
work movement which may be set going by electrical action when the circuit is
completed or by mechanical means.
When the circuit is completed the first lever is rocked by the action of the
magnets as before explained. This lever rocks the second lever on its pivot so as
to bring the wheel or pulley in contact with the clockwork motion. This motion
being set going at the same time causes the wheel or pulley to rotate which winds
up the weighted cord and moves the pointer and the spoke or finger A dial
Pine Cr

page_text: which is divided off to correspond to the number of stations on the line is provided
and the movement of the finger is permitted until it comes opposite the number
corresponding to the station it is desired to speak with. At this moment the key
is raised and the circuit through the magnets being broken the lever carrying the
wheel or pulley drops.
The wheel now being free is caused to rotate in the opposite direction by the
weighted cord but in doing so the spoke or finger strikes against a stop suitably
placed for the purpose, which completes the circuit of an electric bell contained in
the apparatus and this bell continues ringing until the clerk at the particular
station attends to the summons By withdrawing the stop the bell stops ringing
and the wheel is turned back by the weighted cord until the pointer resumes its
normal position at zero on the dial.
It will be understood that one of these apparatus is placed at every station and
that completing the circuit in one, completes the circuit in all and that the pointers
in all work at the same time but only in that apparatus which has the spoke or
finger in the right position is the bell rung.
The apparatus is connected with the usual Relay-Morse local Battery and other
requisite apparatus in any convenient and suitable manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Henry Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th January 1883.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents 66 Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex Civil Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH
SIGNALLING APPARATUS," Being a Communication to me from Abroad by Oscar
Zadig of Paris in the Republic of France
The object of the present Invention is to provide a simple arrangement of indi-
cating apparatus which may be operated through the line wire and by means of
which the attention of the Clerk at any given station on a line may be called
without the intervention of the Clerks at any of the other stations on the line.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig: 1 shews in diagram the arrangement of
apparatus it is proposed to employ for this purpose. M is a Morse or other suitable
recording instrument. R is a relay which may also be of any suitable construction
and which is connected with the line wire and earth wire in the usual manner.
On the passage of a current of electricity from the line wire, this relay will close
the circuit of a local battery B.
L is the indicating apparatus which forms the essential feature of this Invention.
This apparatus is enclosed in a suitable case A A. and consists of an electro-

page_text: magnet E E between the poles of which is pivotted an armature h. This armature h
has a lateral extension h¹ to which is pivotted or otherwise suitably secured a
pendent link-rod i which is connected by means of a small spiral spring with a
horizontal lever k. This lever is pivotted at ¹ to the frame of the instrument but
insulated therefrom, and carries in suitable bearings an axle T upon which is
mounted a disc or wheel T₁ having a milled edge and a pulley T². Around the
pulley T is wound a cord to which is attached a weight p. The axle T is also
provided with a pointer z and an arm m.
Below the axle T is pivotted at 1 to the frame of the apparatus but insulated
therefrom, a horizontal lever o which is provided with a metal stop or catch r
and immediately above the axle T and in the same plane as the wheel T' is
mounted a second milled wheel S which forms part of and is maintained in constant
rotation in the direction of the arrow by means of clockwork regulated by a
pendulum or flyer.
D is a dial in front of which the pointer z travels and this dial is marked with
a number of divisions corresponding to the number of stations on the line.
The arm m is made fast to the axle T and is set at such an angle with respect
to the pointer that it will be in a vertical position when the pointer reaches the
number of the station for which the apparatus has been previously adjusted.―
Thus for example the indicating apparatus at Station 1 will have the arm m in a
vertical position when the pointer arrives at 1 on the dial. The apparatus at No. 2
Station will have the arm m so adjusted that it will assume a vertical position
when the pointer reaches 2 on the dial and so on.
The various parts of the apparatus are connected together and with the line
wire and the local battery as follows:-
The line wire which is indicated at 1 enters and leaves the relay in the usual
manner A wire 2 connects the relay with one pole of the local battery. A wire 3
connects the relay with the recorder M and with the indicating apparatus L at b.
Thence a wire 4 leads to one end of the coil of the electro magnet E the other end
of the coil being connected at a¹ to the metal frame of the apparatus. A wire 5
connects this metal frame by the road c d e with the recorder M and the other
pole of the battery B.
The bell W is connected through the wire 6 with one pole of the battery and by
the wire 7, insulated lever o, stop r, arm m, lever k, the metal frame of the
instrument, and the wire 5, with the other pole of the battery.
The recording instruments at all the stations will be switched out of circuit until
it is desired to speak through them and then the instrument at the station to be
spoken with is put in circuit.
The operation of the apparatus is. as follows.-Supposing it is desired to com-
municate with station No. 6 the clerk at the transmitting station depresses a key
which has the effect of sending a current into the line wire and so through the
relays at every station down the Line including the sending station. This will
close all the local battery circuits and the currents of the local battery will pass
around the magnets E at each station. By this means the several armatures h
will be rocked and the levers raised so as to bring the edges of the several
discs Tinto contact with the edges of the clockwork discs S. Rotary motion will
then be imparted to the axles T in the direction of the arrow which motion will
continue until the pointer of the transmitting clerk's instrument has reached the
number of the station it is desired to call in this case, No. 6. At the same time
the cord of every instrument in the circuit will be wound round its respective
pulley T2 drawing up the weight p—
When the transmitting clerk sees his pointer indicating the number 6 on his
dial he takes his finger off the key and thereby breaks the circuit to the line.
This has the effect of causing the relays at all the stations to break the circuits
of the local batteries and the armatures h will drop and with them the levers k.
The discs T¹ are thus withdrawn from contact with the rotating discs S and will
cease to rotate in the forward direction. They will, however, with the exception

page_text: of that at Station Nº. 6 be run back to their normal position by the weight p
thus bringing the pointer to zero.
At Station No. 6, however, the arm m will at the moment of breaking contact
be in a vertical position and when the lever k drops will also drop onto and rest
upon the metal stop r on the lever o thereby making metallic contact with that
lever and complete the circuit of the local battery with the bell W which will
commence ringing and will continue to ring until the attention of the clerk in
charge is called. His duty will then be to stop the bell by depressing the end K
of the lever o and thus release the arın m and allow it to run back to its normal
position under the influence of the weight p. The receiving Clerk will then
switch in his recording instrument to receive the message. That done, he again
switches out his recording instrument and the indicating apparatus is ready to
receive another signal.
The form of the arm m is seen in side view at Figures 2a 2b, which also indicate
the path of the arm in relation to tho stop r during the time that the lever k is in
the raised position and also in its normal or lowered position. To make contact
the arm m drops onto the stop r and is retained there (thus holding up the frame
in a slightly elevated position) until released by depressing the lever o.
"
Having now described the nature of this Invention of " Improvements in
clectric telegraph signalling apparatus' as communicated to me from abroad, and
explained the manner of carrying the same into effect I wish it to be understood
that I claim :-
The indicating apparatus L substantially as herein shown and described whereby
the attention of the Clerk at any given station on a telegraph line may be called
direct through the line wire without the intervention of the Clerks at the
intermediato Stations, as set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Henry Edward Newton have hereunto set
my hand and seal the eighteenth day of January in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
T NEWTON
Gol