IMPROVE- MENTS IN FORGES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
in the County of Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of
Glasgow, North Britain, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FORGES."-A communication from abroad by Martin Chretiennot,
commonly called Chretiennot-Radet, and Pierre Leon Rodet, both of
Paris, in the Empire of France.
Sealed the 12th September 1861, and dated the 23rd July 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd July 1861.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FORGES," a communication from abroad by Martin
Chretiennot, commonly called Chretiennot-Radet, and Pierre Léon Rodet,
both of Paris, in the Empire of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in portable and other forges,
whereby the blast may be heated during its passage through the nozzle or
blow pipe.
According to this Invention it is proposed to combine the fire back and the
blow pipe in one, and to form a circuitous channel or air passage inside.the.

page_text: fire back, and in direct communication at one end with the bellows or blowing
apparatus, and at the other with the nozzle or blow pipe. The contact of the
flame and heated fuel with the back plate heats the air as it passes along its
circuitous channel, and consequently the advantages of a hot blast are
obtained whilst the apparatus itself is of the simplest and most economic
.construction.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 23rd January 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North Britain,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Henry Johnson, Her special license that I, the said John
Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FORGES," a communication from abroad by Martin
Chretiennot, commonly called Chretiennot-Radet, and Pierre Leon Rodet,
both of Paris, in the Empire of France, upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, or under the hand
and seal of one of them, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:
The said Invention relates to certain improvements in portable and other
forges, whereby the blast may be heated during its passage through the nozzle
or blow pipe.
According to this Invention it is proposed to combine the fire back and the
blow pipe in one, and to form a circuitous channel or air passage inside the
fire back, which is in direct communication at one end with the bellows or
blowing apparatus, and at the other with the nozzle or blow pipe. The
contact of the flame and heated fuel with the back plate heats the air as it
passes along its circuitous channel, and consequently the advantages of a hot
blast are obtained, whilst the apparatus itself is of the simplest and most
economical construction.
And in order that the said Invention may be fully understood, I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I shall
refer to the several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the
Figures.
Figure 1 of the annexed Sheet of Drawings represents a back elevation,
Figure 2 a transverse vertical section, and Figure 3.a front elevation of the
combined fire back, blast pipe, and circuitous air passage; and Figures 4
and 5 represent respectively a plan and side elevation or edge view of the
same.
In these Figures the blast pipe B, which leads from the bellows or other
blowing apparatus to the back plate A of the forge, is represented as being
disposed in various directions, either vertically, horizontally, or obliquely.
The air which passes along the pipe B enters a spiral or other circuitous
channel or passage C, and finally issues through the lateral orifice or nozzle D,
where it enters the fuel on the hearth of the forge. The air being heated
whilst traversing the circuitous passage C, by being in contact with the back
plate A, effects a certain economy of fuel, and admits of a high temperature
being more rapidly obtained.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is,--

page_text: First, the general construction and arrangement of smiths' forges, as herein-
before described.
Second, the causing of the blast in smiths' forges to pass through a
circuitous passage formed in the back of the forge, whereby it will become
heated before entering the fuel, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-third day of January, One thousand
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)
J. HENRY JOHNSON. (L.S.)