MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING WINDOW SASHES OR CASEMENTS
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julius Decimus Tripe, of the Commercial Road East,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING WINDOW SASHES OR CASEMENTS."-
Partly a communication.
Sealed the 2nd August 1858, and dated the 8th February 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION leit by the said Julius Decimus Tripe
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th February 1858.
I, JULIUS DECIMUS TRIPE, of the Commercial Road East, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING WINDOW SASHES OR CASEMENTS,"
partly communicated to me by a foreigner residing abroad, to be as follows:-
These improvements are for the purpose of affording increased security to
window and other sashes or casements as well when shut as when partly
opened for ventilation. I propose to use for these purposes, in some cases, a
detent or lever so constructed that when placed in position on one sash it
impinges on a rack or stop fastened in the adjoining one, and thus prevents
either sash from being opened until the detent or lever is lifted out or away
from the rack or stop. It may be made to fall by its own gravity in some
cases with, and in others without the aid of special mechanism or by a spring,
of it may be placed in position by hand. In other cases 1 propose to fix the

page_text: detent or lever to one sash or door only, and the rack or stop to some adjoining
fixed body or vice versa. For ventilation the rack should be of sufficient
length to allow of either or both sashes being partly opened. the detent still
impinging on the rack or a detached stop may be used for the same purpose.
Or, I intend to use a spring bolt with a rounded end or with a friction wheel
altached to its free extremity and placed on either side of the upper surface of
the bars, openings being made in the styles of the upper sash to allow the
entry of the bolt. Or on the upper surfaces of the meeting bars two pieces of
metal are so shaped and jointed that they will, when the sashes are closed,
fil the one into the other. On complete contact taking place a piece
of metal acting by a spring or its own gravity will impinge into a notch
cut in one or other of the said pieces of metal, and thus prevent the
sashes from being opened until the piece of metal be removed from the notch.
And for greater security when the sashes are closed to keep them so, or
when partially opened to secure them in position, I propose to use a piece of
metal, wood, bone, glass. or other material shaped thus
or nearly so this is to be fixed on the fillet, touching or
nearly touching the sash; pressure of the finger on the
piece permits the sash to slide up or down; on removal
of the pressure the sash will remain in the position in
which it is left, and will not be moveable. This part of
the Invention is a communication from a foreigner
residing abroad.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Julius Decimus Tripe in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th August 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JULIUS
DECIMUS TRIPE, of the Commercial Road East, in the County of Middlesex,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, and in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Julius Decimus Tripe, Her special licence, that I, the said Julius
Decimus Tripe, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Julius Decimus Tripe, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all

page_text: times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SECURING WINDOW SASHES OR CASEMENTS," the
same being partly a communication to me, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Julius Decimus Tripe, my executors or adminis;
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Julius Decimus Tripe, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the illustrative Sheet of Drawings
hereunto annexed, and forming part of this my Specification.
The object of these improvements is to afford increased security to window
and other sashes or casements as well when such sashes or casements are shut
I use for these purposes
as when they are partially opened for ventilation.
(in some cases) a detent or lever so constructed that when placed in position
on one sash it impinges on a rack or stop on the adjoining one, and thus
prevents either sash from being opened until the detent or lever is lifted out
or away from the rack or stop, it may be made to fall by its own gravity, in
some cases with, and in others without the aid of special mechanism; but the
working thereof, and the various modifications will be better understood by
reference to the Drawing and the description of the Figures. The portion of the
Invention communicated to me is that denoted in the Drawing by Figures 13
and 14, and this contrivance is used for keeping sashes closed when they are
so, and to secure them in any desired position when partially opened.
1 now proceed to describe the Figures or Diagrams on the annexed Drawing.
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 are views of a self-acting sash fastening adapted for
fixing on the centre or other parts of the meeting bars. Figure 1, A shews a
top or plan view of a plate of metal secured on the top of the meeting bar of
the upper sash, and is so constructed and made as to form a kind of dove-
tail b, projecting beyond the edge of the plate; c is a piece of metal secured
upon the meeting bar of the lower sash, and has a mortice d in it to receive
the dove-tail piece b; when the sashes are closed, the dove-tail b slides into
the mortice d and binds the sash bars together; e is a piece of metal having
its axis at f, which is placed or hangs across the junction of the plates. A and

page_text: C in the manner or position shewn in Figure 3, and prevents the sash from
being opened until the said piece of metal is removed. In practice the most
convenient manner will be to turn it completely over on its axis in the course
indicated by the arrow at Figure 3. When the sashes are opened it will be
thrown back in the position shewn at Figure 4; the notches are made to
allow for any irregularity in the height of the sashes.
Figure 5 is a side view of a self-acting apparatus with a detent or lever
constructed, made, and secured to the top of the meeting bar of the lower
sash; the lever 1 is shewn in position for securing the sashes; the plate 2
which is secured upon the style of the upper sash has upon one surface the
stop 3 and dove-tail piece 4, which slides into a mortice 5 in the plate 6. To
release the detent or lever the extremity 7 is pushed in, which will cause the
lever to take the position shewn in dotted lines at this Figure 5 marked 8;
the inner extremity of the lever 9 is then in the cavity 10 of the dove-tail
piece 4. On the sashes being opened the extremity 9 is pushed out of the
cavity, and the centre of gravity of the lever being altered it falls into its old-
position. For the purposes of ventilation the plate 11, having upon it the
stop 12, is to be secured to the same style of the sash as the plate 2, and at a
convenient height from it, (plate 2). On the lever or detent coming into
contact with the stop 12 further opening of the sashes is arrested until the
operation (already described) of releasing the lever or detent is again per-
formed. Figure 6 is a front view of the same lever or detent. Many modifi-
cations, such as shortening or lengthening or other may be made of this
detent or lever, and that shewn in the Drawing is simply to illustrate the
working out of the principle.
At Figures 7 and 8 I have shewn another modification of the fastenings,
illustrated by the Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the annexed Drawing; the principal
difference being in the mode of locking the plates A and B, which in this case
is effected by the spring lever S, locking into a notch V, in the dove-tail
piece T. To open the window the spring lever S must be first drawn back
until it is clear of the notch, and is then to be carried a little further back; the
spring U will retain it in the position shewn at Figure 8 until the sashes are
lifted sufliciently high to allow of the lever S passing over it; t is the spring
acting on the spring lever S; u is the mortice which receives the dove-tail
piece T.
Figures 9, 10, and 11 serve to illustrate another window or casement fastening,
composed of two parts, J and K, which being placed in position as at Figure
9, the detent A falling in such position that until it be raised the lever H, H,
cannot be lifted; on raising the knob B, the arm C turns upon the pin D.

page_text: causing the piece E to press upon the extremity F of the detent A, and thus-
raise it clear of the notches L, as shewn at Figure 10.
Figures 13 and 14 shew an elevation and section of the sash fastening (as
communicated to me). a is a piece of brass or other metal or substance cut,
cast, or otherwise shaped to the peculiar form shewn, and about the thickness
shewn in section at Figure 14. This piece may either be screwed at once on
to the fillet of a window sash, or it may (as shewn) be fixed by a screw or
spindle to the plate b, and the plate secured to the fillet by screws c, c; the
part d nearly touches the sash, and d¹ quite (or vice versa); every attempt at
opening the sash is futile until the finger is pressed upon 1, causing a to
assume a precise vertical position, or so as to clear the style of the sash; when
the pressure is removed the sash will stop at any position at which it may be
left, and cannot be raised or lowered without the pressure on e being renewed.
I would here observe that the various fastenings for windows or casements
herein-before described, are usually made of brass with steel springs, but they
may be made of any suitable metal or material.
. Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and that portion thereof that was communicated to me from
abroad, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I may observe in conclusion that I do not confine or restrict myself
to the precise details or arrangements which I have described, as many varia-
tions may be made therefrom without deviating from the main characteristics
of my Invention and the communication made to me; but what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is.-
First, I claim the exclusive use and application of the mechanism mentioned
hereafter in my second claim with the addition of a lever so constructed.
shaped, and made, that when attached to one of the parts in a proper manner
and position it will, on the window sashes being closed, be thrown across the
meeting bars of the sashes, and thus prevent the windows from being opened
until it be lifted away by the finger or other means, and my claim extends to
the exclusive use and application of a lever so constructed, made, or shaped
when connected with other mechanism.
Second, I claim 'the exclusive use and application, in fastening windows or
casements, of detents or levers so shaped, constructed, and made that when
placed in position on one sash of a window they, either by their own gravity or
by means of a spring, impinge on a rack or stop or into a metal or other
receptacle, on or in the opposite sash or other convenient place, after the
manner described and illustrated at Figures 5 and 6 in the Drawing.

page_text: Third, I claim the exclusive use and application in fastenings for window
or casement sashes of metal (or other) mechanism composed of separate pieces,
which are so constructed, shaped, and made that when one part is placed on
one sash and the other on the opposing one (or any other convenient place)
they will on the window being shut bind the meeting bars of the sashes
together as herein-before described and shewn in reference to Figures 9, 10,
and 11 in the Drawing.
Fourth, I claim the exclusive use and application, either separately or
conjointly, of the mechanism mentioned or referred to in my second or third
claims.
Fifth, I claim the exclusive use and application of mechanism for securing
window sashes when partially opened by fixing on one sash or detent or lever so
made and constructed as to fall by means of its own gravity or by the addition
of a spring or springs, or to require placing by hand in a sash or into one or
more stops on the other sash, or any other convenient place, or by fixing a
spring bolt with a rounded end. or a friction wheel at its free extremity on a
moveable sash, so as to allow the bolt to be projected into openings made in
any convenient fixed;body.
Sixth, I claim the use and application of any hard substance cut, cast,
moulded, or otherwise shaped or made in the form or shape shewn at Figure
13 of the annexed Drawing, and marked with the letter c, the use and applica
tion of which as a window fastening is herein-before set forth and described.
In witness whereof. I, the said Julius Decimus Tripe, have hereunto set
my hand and affixed my seal, this Seventh day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
Witness,
JOHN GEDGE, Patent Agent,
4, Wellington St., Strand.
J. DECIMUS TRIPE. (L.s.)