Improvements in and Apparatus for Effecting the Raising and Aerating of Beer and other Liquids.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 15th Sept., 1893-Accepted. 21st Oct., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Apparatus for Effecting the Raising and
Aerating of Beer and other Liquids.
I FREDERICK WILLIAM WRIGHT of 79 Victoria Road Kilburn in the County
of Middlesex Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to effect the raising and aëration of beer or other
liquids by carbonic acid or other gas under pressure in a more economical
convenient and efficient manner than hitherto.
According to my invention I combine with the cask or other vessel containing
the beer or other liquid to be raised and aërated a pumping apparatus and a
receiving vessel into which the beer or other liquid is pumped by the pumping
apparatus from the cask or other vessel.
The pumping apparatus is operated by carbonic acid gas or other gas under
pressure and the exhaust gas from the pumping apparatus is led into the receiver
preferably beneath the liquid therein so that the said liquid is aërated by the
exhaust gas before it is drawn off from the receiver for consumption.
The inlet for gas to the pumping apparatus may be operated mechanically by
the movement of the apparatus itself or it may be operated by hand.
Dated the 15th day of November 1892.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Apparatus for Effecting the Raising and
Aerating of Beer and other Liquids.
I FREDERICK WILLIAM WRIGHT of 79 Victoria Road Kilburn in the
County of Middlesex Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to effect the raising and aëration of beer or other
liquids by carbonic acid or other gas under pressure in a more economical
convenient and efficient manner than hitherto.
According to my invention I combine with the cask or other vessel containing
the beer or other liquid to be raised and aërated a pumping apparatus and a
receiving vessel into which the beer or other liquid is pumped by the pumping
apparatus from the cask or other vessel. The pumping apparatus is operated by
carbonic acid gas or other gas under pressure and the exhaust gas from the
pumping apparatus is led into the receiver preferably beneath the liquid therein so
that the said liquid is, aërated by the exhaust gas before it is drawn off from the
receiver for consumption.
The inlet for gas to the pumping apparatus may be operated mechanically by
the movement of the apparatus itself or it may be operated by hand.
In the accompanying drawings I have shewn an arrangement by which my
invention can be carried into practical effect and suitable for drawing beer or
other liquid from a cellar and aërating it before delivery. Figure 1 being a
side elevation Figure 2 a section (on the line 1. 2 Figure 1) and Figure 3 a plan.
In the arrangement here shewn the pump and motor are combined but it will be
understood that the motor cylinder may be separate from the "pumping cylinder

page_text: they being arranged for instance like a direct acting pump, and be either single or
double acting. I have shewn the valves or cocks by which gas is admitted to,
and exhausted from, the motor and pump and the aërated liquid is drawn off, as
being connected so that both are worked by the operation of one hand lever, but
they are not necessarily so connected.
The cylinder A and the piston B reciprocating therein constitute both the pump
and the motor. C is the inlet passage for compressed gas from any suitable
receptacle to the cylinder A a reducing valve being used if necessary in the said
passage. K is the receiver and E is the pipe by which the gas passes from the
cylinder A to the receiver K. I is a valve casing having an inlet i to which is
attached the suction pipe leading into the cask or receptacle in which the beer or
other liquid is contained, the said inlet being provided with a suction or inlet
valve G. H is the outlet of the valve casing provided with a valve h and
communicating by the pipe with the upper part of the receiver K. L is the
delivery pipe by which the aërated liquid is drawn off into any suitable receptacle
for consumption. The delivery is controlled by a cock M provided_with_a
handle P, for operating it, and with a lever N connected by a rod n to a lever N°
on the plug of a three-way cock D which opens communication either between the
cylinder A and the pipe C or between the said cylinder and the receiver K by the
pipe E. F is a spring acting upon the piston B to force it down in the cylinder A.
The piston may be weighted to assist this spring or the weight of the piston may
be such as to render the spring unnecessary.
When the apparatus is in operation the cock D is operated so that a charge of
compressed gas is admitted from the pipe C into the cylinder A and the piston B
is forced upwards by the said gas and compresses the spring F. The cock D is
then moved so as to close the communication between the pipe C and cylinder A
and open the communication between the cylinder A and receiver K by the
pipe (the cock M being at this time also closed) and then when the said
piston B is forced down by the spring F a charge of liquid is drawn through the
valve G into the cylinder A above the piston B and the gas beneath the said
piston passes by the cock D and the pipe E into the receiver K air from the said
receiver escaping by the cock k (which is left open) till the receiver becomes
charged with liquid. The cocks M and D are then reversed so that the cock M is
opened and the cock D opens the communication between the cylinder A and
vessel containing the compressed gas. The piston B under the action of the
pressure of the gas thus admitted is forced upwards, again compressing the
spring F and forcing the charge of liquid above the said piston B through.
the valve hand pipe J into the receiver K these operations are repeated until the
. receiver K becomes sufficiently charged with liquid, when the cock k is closed.
The apparatus is now in working order, the opening of the cock M, and the
simultaneous turning on of the compressed gas through the passage C, causing
gas to force up the piston and discharge the liquid from above the piston B
through the valve and pipe J into the receiver K, aërated liquid also passing
from the receiver K, by the pipe L, for consumption. When the cocks are
reversed the piston B descends a fresh charge of liquid is drawn into the cylinder A
and gas passes from beneath the piston B through the cock D and pipe E into
the charge of liquid in the receiver K so as to aërate the said liquid for being
drawn off when the cocks M and D are again operated.
The cask or container from which the beer is drawn may be vented by air in the
usual way, or carbonic acid gas, or other gas, slightly above atmospheric pressure,
may be admitted to the said cask, or container.
When the apparatus is employed for the manufacture of aërated water, or the
like, (as distinguished from the production for immediate consumption) the
arrangement shewn in the diagram Figure 4 may be used.
The motor gas valve D is worked by an eccentric d on the shaft Q and the
motor piston B is connected to the said crank shaft which has a fly wheel so that
the action of the pump is regular. The receiver K in this case may be of any

page_text: suitable or ordinary kind and may be fitted with a mixer which may be carried by
or worked from the said crank shaft.
The parts which correspond with those shewn in Figures 1, 2 and 3 are marked
with the same letters of reference and will be readily understood from the
preceding description.
If the pump A and receiver K be placed at the level or near the level of the
cask or container the outlet pipe L may be lengthened to the place of delivery and
the liquid will be forced thereup.
In an apparatus constructed according to my invention no pressure need be put
on the casks or vessels containing the liquid and the force of the compressed gas
can be utilized for raising the liquid which would be impossible owing to leakage
if the pressure were applied directly in the cask or container especially if the
casks were weak or old.
The liquid may also be raised to any height necessary in practice or against any
reasonable pressure. The gas is effectually mixed with the liquid by being driven
through it in the receiver which is impossible if the pressure be applied directly
in the cask or container in which there is any sediment or deposit.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Effecting the raising and aërating of beer, or other liquid, by first utilizing
compressed gas to pump the liquid to be aërated, aud, afterwards, using the same
gas to aërate the liquid previously pumped.
2. In apparatus for effecting the raising and aëration of beer, or other liquid,
the combination, for use with the cask or vessel for containing the beer, or other
liquid, of a pumping apparatus and a receiving vessel into which the pumping
apparatus passes liquid and means for causing gas under pressure to operate the
pump, and then to pass into the receiver for aërating its contents before being
drawn off; all substantially as herein before described.
3. The arrangements and combinations of parts constituting apparatus for
raising and aërating beer, or other liquid, substantially as herein before described,
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, under the two modifications shewn
in Figures 1, 2 and 3 and Figure 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 15th day of September 1893.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
Agents.