IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR FASTENING AND UNFASTENING DOORS, GATES, LIDS, AND WINDOWS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Kaye, Jim Wainwright Kaye, and Walter Kelita
Kaye, all of Kirkstall, near Leeds, in the County of York, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR FASTENING
AND UNFASTENING DOORS, GATES, LIDS, AND WINDOWS."
Sealed the 11th June 1878, and dated the 22nd December 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Kaye, Jim Wainwright
Kaye, and Walter Kelita Kaye at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 22nd December 1877.
JOSEPH KAYE, JIM WAINWRIGHT KAYE, and WALTER KELITA KAYE, all of
Kirkstall, near Leeds, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS
OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR FASTENING AND UNFASTENING DOORS, GATES,
LIDS, AND WINDOWS."
•
The object of our Invention is to produce a ready means whereby doors, gates,
lids, and windows, may be readily fastened or unfastened for the purpose of closing
and opening the same.
We provide a shell (by preference of metal) or frame, so constructed that it may
be fitted into a door in a similar manner to a mortice lock.
Within the shell or frame we provide a segment or finger which is fitted so as to
work freely, and to project when at rest through the front plate of the frame for
the purpose of inserting itself or being withdrawn from the catch plate on the door
frame or jamb. This segment or finger is acted upon by means of a lever,
which is also pivoted or mounted within suitable bearings within the shell or
framework.
In order to effect the desired end we engage the inner end of the lever with a
spindle in such a manner that by pulling a handle or knob at one end of the spindle
projecting from the door or gate, the door or gate is opened, and by pushing at a
knob or handle at the outer end of the spindle the door or gate may also be opened;
IPaine 77

page_text: that is to say, if the door or gate opens towards the person by pulling at the knob
or handle, the segment is removed from the latch plate; or if the door opens
from the person by pushing the knob or handle in that direction, the door or
gate may also be opened.
The effect of pulling or pushing imparts a movement to the aforesaid lever
within the framework, the outer end of which comes in contact with a projecting
part on the segment or finger and withdraws it (the segment or finger) from the
catch plate.
The segment or finger is made to work independently of the lever when the door
is being closed, so that the door may be closed by pushing the knob from the
inside, or pulling the knob or handle at the outside without any interference of the
lever, with perfect ease, and without any strain on the door or fastener,
and the segment or finger will insert itself into the catch plate automatically,
such automatic action of the segment or finger being produced by means of a
spring spiral or otherwise in connection with the framework acting thereon.
When the fastener is applied to swing doors we employ, by preference, two
segments or fingers acting in opposite direction to each other.
A fastener of a similar construction to the above described may be applied to
windows having an upper and lower sash, or to such as are known as French
windows; also to closets, and cupboards, and boxes, which will only require a knob
or handle at the outside.
When the fastener is applied to thin doors, cupboards, or closets, and where the
inside of the door is not exposed, and only requires a knob or handle outside, we
prefer screwing the shell to the door or lid.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Kaye, Jim Wainwright Kaye, and Walter Kelita Kaye in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd June 1878.
JOSEPH KAYE, JIM WAINWRIGHT KAYE, and WALTER KELITA KAYE, all of
Kirkstall, near Leeds, in the County of York. " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS
OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR FASTENING AND UNFASTENING DOORS, GATES,
LIDS, AND WINDOWS.”
The object of our Invention is to produce a ready means whereby doors, gates,
lids, and windows may be readily fastened or unfastened for the purpose of closing
and opening the same.
We provide a shell (by preference of metal) or frame, so constructed that it may
be fitted into a door in a similar manner to a mortice lock.
Within the shell or frame we provide a segment or finger which is fitted so as to
work freely, and to project when at rest through the front plate of the frame for
the purpose of inserting itself, or being withdrawn from the catch plate on the door
frame or jamb This segment or finger is acted upon by means of a lever,
which is also pivoted or mounted within suitable bearings within the shell or
framework.
In order to effect the desired end, we engage the inner end of the lever with a
spindle, in such a manner that by pulling a handle or knob at one end of the spindle
projecting from the door or gate, the door or gate is opened, and by pushing at a
knob or handle at the other end of the spindle, the door or gate may also be opened;
that is to say, if the door or gate opens towards the person by pulling at the knob
or handle, the segment is removed from the latch plate; or if the door opens from
the person, by pushing the knob or handle in that direction the door or gate may
also be opened
The effect of pulling or pushing imparts a movement to the aforesaid lever
within the framework, the outer end of which comes in contact with a projecting
part on the segment or finger, and withdraws it (the segment or finger) from the
catch plate.
The segment or finger is made to work independently of the lever when the door
is being closed, so that the door may be closed by pushing the knob from the inside
or pulling the knob or handle at the outside, without any interference of the lever,
with perfect ease, and without any strain on the door or fastener, and the segment
or finger will insert itself into the catch plate automatically, such automatic action
of the segment or finger being produced by means of a spring spiral or otherwise in
connection with the framework acting thereon.
When the fastener is applied to swing doors we employ, by preference, two
segments or fingers acting in opposite direction to each other.
A fastener of a similar construction to the above described inay be applied to
windows having an upper and lower sash, or to such as are known as French
windows; also to closets, and cupboards, and boxes, which will only require a knob
or handle at the outside.
When the fastener is applied to thin doors, cupboards, or closets, and where the
inside of the door is not exposed, and only requires a knob or handle outside, we
prefer screwing the shell to the door or lid.
And in order that our Invention may be more completely understood, reference is
given to the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings and to the letters and marks
thereon.

page_text: Figure 3 is a side elevation of catch plate.
Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 shew various parts of our improvements.
Figures 8 and 9 are cross sections of door fastener, showing its application to cup-
board or other doors or boxes.
Figures 10 and 11 are respectively a front elevation and plan of the same.
Sheet 2 represents various modifications of our Invention.
At Figures 1 and 2, a is the shell or framework of the door fastener, in which we
provide the finger or segment b, which is fitted so as to move radially on the stud
or pin c, and to project when at rest through the front plate d, as shewn at e, for
the purpose of inserting itself into the catch plate f, as shewn at Figure 1, in the
door frame or jamb g.
For the purpose of actuating the finger or segment b, we provide a lever h, which
is pivoted or mounted on a pin or stud i within the shell or framework a. In order
to retain the finger or segment 6 in the projecting position as shewn at e, we provide
the spiral spring j or other equivalent means; by this arrangement the segment or
finger (except when moved inwards by the lever h in the manner hereafter
described) always remains in the position shewn at e In all cases we avoid coupling
the lever h by any rigid connection to the finger or segment b.
In order to actuate the lever h, we engage the inner end k, which has a projecting
piece with a spindle m, on which is provided the projection or collar n, against
which the end of the lever h remains in contact. For the purpose of more conve-
niently moving the spindle m, we provide knobs o and o', which are screwed or
otherwise fastened on to the outer ends thereof. The position of such knobs o and
o' on the spindle m varies in accordance with the thickness of door, and in order to
retain these at their required distance apart, we provide on the spindle two adjustable
nuts or bosses p, whose position with regard to the knobs is clearly shewn at
Figure 1. These bosses or nuts p after being properly adjusted are retained in
position by a key for the reception of which grooves q (shown at Figures 6 and 7)
are cut in the spindle m and nut or boss p. We generally find that an ordinary
pin cut to length and inserted is sufficient for this purpose. The roses 7 and 8 are
secured to the door in the ordinary manner, but made by preference as shown in
section at Figure 1, in which are provided the guide plates t which may be provided
with a boss or bush u when required. The catch plate shewn at Figures 1 and 3 is
secured to the door frame or jamb in the ordinary manner; and for the purpose of
more easily withdrawing the finger or segment b, we by preference provide the
loose runner or roller v in suitable bearings thereon; in some cases, when required,
the roller may be dispensed with.
The mode of operating or working the fastener is as follows:-By pulling a knob
o or pushing at o' the spindle m provided with the collar n is moved in the direction
shewn by arrow. The collar n being in contact with the end k of the lever h causes
it to transmit motion to the finger or bolt B, and thereby withdraws it upon the
catch plate fand clear of the loose runner or roller v, and by a continued pulling or
pushing of the knobs in the direction shewn, the door may be opened after the
finger or segment is withdrawn.
By having no rigid connection between the segment or finger b and the lever h,
the door may be closed through the means of the knobs or handles, or it (the door)
may be closed without moving the knobs o or o¹.
Figures 4 and 5 shew another arrangement of rose r, in which case it is screwed
into the door as shewn.
The shell a may be made open at w, or it may be shortened, so that it can be
readily withdrawn from the door without taking out the spindle m.
Figures 8, 9, 10, and 11 shew the application of our Invention to cupboard doors
or other doors or boxes.
Most of the parts are similar to those described for Figures 1 and 2; these in
order to avoid further mention, are lettered to correspond therewith. But in this
case we only provide one knob 1 on each door fastener, and the spindle 2 on which
this knob 1 is fastened is provided with a collar at 3, which, by pulling the knob 1

page_text: actuates the lever h and finger or segment 6 in the manner described for Figures 1
and 2. This door fastener may be either let into the door outside, as shewn at
Figure 8, and secured there at the flanges 4 (shewn at Figure 10), or by varying
the construction of the outer framework or shell a may, as a rim lock, be fastened
by similar flanges 4 inside the door as shewn at Figure 9. This arrangement may
be placed either at the top, sides, or bottom of the door.
Further modifications of our Invention are shewn on Sheet 2, on which Figures
12 and 13 show the combination of a lock 5 with our door fastener.
The framework of the same is, by preference, inade of an extension of the frame-
work or shell a. The lock movement may be of any convenient construction
The fastener is of the same construction as that described at Figures 1 and 2,
Sheet 1, and marked with corresponding letters.
Figures 14 and 15 shew a modified construction of door fastener, in which the
finger or segment b, when at rest, projects from the side 6 of the shell or casing a,
as shewn at 7, and a flat or side spring 8 is employed. In other respects this
construction corresponds with that shewn and described at Figures 1 and 2,
Sheet 1.
Figures 16 and 17 shew the application of fasteners at the top and bottom of a
cupboard or other door. In this arrangement 9 shews the construction of shell or
framework, which is secured to the door as shewn. The fingers or segments 10 are
of the same description and operate in the same manner as described for Figures 1
and 2, Sheet 1, and the withdrawing motion is transmitted to the fingers or
segments 10, through the bell cranks 11; on pulling the knob 12, and thereby
giving motion to the spindle 13, the bell-cranked lever 14, and the rods 15, the
springs 16 preserve the fingers or segments in their position shewn at 10, in the
manner and for the purposes described at Figures 1 and 2.
It will be readily understood that fasteners of the construction herein-before
described may be applied to window sashes as well as to doors, gates, lids, and the
like. For doors swinging both ways the fastener is employed in duplicate, one to
catch each way, and each having a spindle with its knob only on one side of the
door, so that on being pushed it disengages its catch, and allows the door to open in
obedience to the push, the other catch yielding.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, we hereby declare that we make no general claim to the
opening of latches or fasteners by a pull or push of a spindle or knob, but we claim,
the construction of a latch or fastener wherein a lever worked by the push
or pull of a spindle or knob moves in one direction only, a segment or finger
turning on a fulcrum and pressed in the opposite direction by a spring, so
as to engage with a catch plate, substantially as and for the purposes herein set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Kaye, for myself and on behalf of the
said Jim Wainwright Kaye and Walter Kelita Kaye, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.