IMPROVED COOKING APPARATUS
Year: 1866

page_text: · LETTERS PATENT to Frederic Pelham Warren, of East Court, Cosham,
in the County of Hants, Commander in the Royal Navy, for the
Invention of "IMPROVED COOKING APPARATUS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederic Pelham Warren
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho
27th March 1866.
I, FREDERIC PELHAM WARREN, of East Court, Cosham, in the County of
Hants, Commander in the Royal Navy, do hereby declare the nature of tho
said Invention for "IMPROVED COOKING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improved cooking apparatus. It consists
of a combined arrangement of boilers, oven, and hot plate, the whole heated
by means of a fire placed upon a grate which is readily withdrawable, but
when in position is situated so as to act immediately upon the projecting under
surface of a boiler, the back part of which is continued upward behind, and
assists in imparting heat to or moderating the temperature of the oven. At
each side of the projecting part of the boiler described, and leaving flue spaces
between themselves and such projecting part, are similar projecting parts of
another boiler, such projecting parts being connected together at the back of
the fire by means of a water space or bridge, which assists in guiding the
products of combustion in their proper course, and at the same time also in
thoroughly utilising their heat. The space between the projecting part of the
boiler_first described and the two wings or projections of the second boiler
=

page_text: constitute flues or passages (situated between the water spaces of the boilers)
which lead upward to the under side of and around an oven or ovens, above
the top of which, leaving a space between itself and the top of the oven, is
-situated a hot plate, beneath which the products of combustion pass to the flue
or flues or chimney.
Steam generated in the boilers may be led from them by pipes connected
with their upper parts, and employed for heating and cooking in connection
with suitable vessels placed upon the hot plate and elsewhere as may be found
.convenient. Otherwise, instead of the arrangement described, I employ an
ordinary or other open kitchen range or fire-place, and above the fire or grate
space of the same make use of a horse-shoe or bridge-formed boiler, consisting
of two water spaces with a space or interval between them corresponding in
width (or thereabout) with that of the fire-grate, and joined or connected
together at their upper ends by means of a like water space or water and
steam space opening into the two spaces before mentioned, which when the
boiler is in position are situated one at each side of the top of the fire, the
water or steam and water space connecting the same forming an arch or
bridge situated at some distance above the fire. The bottom part of the boiler
is provided with a moveable plate, which may be placed so as to be situated
immediately above the fire, and thus to prevent the products of combustion
thereof passing into the space or interval between the two water spaces rising
above its sides, and such space or interval is farther provided at its back with
a like plate capable of being made to close all communication between the space
or interval before mentioned and the chimney, so that when the bottom
plate and the plate last mentioned are in use the products of combustion are
turned from their ordinary course and pass to the chimney through series of
tubes or passages passing upward through the two side water spaces so as to
communicate with the chimney independently of the central space or interval,
the lower plate of which will in that case be available for the purposes of a
hot plate. Otherwise the lower plate may be removed and the back plate
adjusted so as to permit the products of combustion to pass into and through
the space or interval between the two water spaces and thence into the
chimney, the spaces at each side of and beyond the bridge-formed boiler being
in either case available for placing cooking vessels, which will be kept in a
heated state by their positions over the ordinary oven and boiler of the
range, and may be farther heated by steam or water from the horse-shoe boiler
described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederic Pelham Warren in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 26th September 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERIC.
PELHAM WARREN, of East Court, Cosham, in the County of Hants,. Com-
mander in the Royal Navy, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of IIer
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Frederic Pelham Warren, Her special licence that I, the said Frederic
Pelham Warren, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Frederic Pelbam Warren, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVED COOKING APPARATUS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-.
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention has for its object improved cooking apparatus. It consists
of a combined arrangement of boilers, oven, and hot plate, the whole heated.
by means of a fire placed upon a grate which is readily withdrawable, but
when in position is situated so as to act immediately upon the projecting under
surface of a boiler, the back part of which is continued upward behind, and
assists in imparting heat to or moderating the temperature of the oven. At
each side of the projecting part of the boiler described, and leaving flue spaces
between themselves and such projecting part, are similar projecting parts of
another boiler, such projecting parts being connected together at the back of

page_text: the fire by means of a water space or bridge, which assists in guiding the pro-
ducts of combustion in their proper course, and at the same time also in
thoroughly utilising their heat. The spaces between the projecting part of the
boiler first described and the two wings or projections of the second boiler
constitute flues or passages (situated between the water spaces of the boilers)
which lead upward to the under side of and around an oven or ovens, above
the top of which, leaving a space between itself and the top of the oven, is
situated a hot plate, beneath which the products of combustion pass to the flue
or flues or chimney.
Steam generated in the boilers may be led from them by pipes connected
with their upper parts, and employed for heating and cooking in connection
with suitable vessels placed upon the hot plate and elsewhere as may be
found convenient. Otherwise, instead of the arrangement described, I employ
an ordinary or other open kitchen range or fire-place, and above the fire or
grate space of the same make use of a horse-shoe or bridge-formed boiler,
consisting of two water spaces with a space or interval between them cor-
responding in width (or thereabout) with that of the fire-grate, and joined or
connected together at their upper ends by means of a like water space or
water and steam space opening into the two spaces before mentioned, which
when the boiler is in position are situated one at each side of the top of the
fire, the water or steam and water space connecting the samo forming an arch
or bridge situated at some distance above the fire. The bottom part of the
boiler is provided with a moveable plate, which may be placed so as to be
situated immediately above the fire, and thus to prevent the products of com-
bustion thereof passing into the space or interval between the two water
spaces rising above its sides, and such space or interval is farther provided at
its back with a like plate capable of being made to close all communication
between the space or interval before mentioned and the chimney, so that
when the bottom plate and the plate last mentioned are in use the products
of combustion are turned from their ordinary course and pass to the chimney
through series of tubes or passages passing upward through the two side water
spaces so as to communicate with the chimney independently of the central
space or interval, the lower plate of which will in that case be available for
the purposes of a hot plate. Otherwise the lower plate may be removed and
the back plate adjusted so as to permit the products of combustion to pass
into and through the space or interval between the two water spaces and
thence into the chimney, the spaces at each side of and beyond the bridge-
formed boiler being in either case available for placing cooking vessels, which
will be kept in a heated state by their positions over the ordinary oven and

page_text: boiler of the range, and may be farther heated by steam or water from the
horse-shoe boiler described.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a vertical section taken parallel
with the front of a cooking apparatus constructed according to the first part
of my Invention; Fig. 2, a vertical section taken at right angles to the fore-
going; Fig. 3, a front elevation; Fig. 4, a horizontal section through the
lines A, B, of Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 5, a similar section through the lines C, D,
of Figs. 1 and 2; and Fig. 6, a liko section through the lines E, F, of the
same.
The apparatus consists of a grate a supported upon a box or ash-pit 6 (con-
tained in a casing ), the lower part of which is formed to contain water, as
shown. The grate is situated at the lower part of a space or recess formed:
by the two projecting parts or water spaces c¹ of the boiler c, and directly
beneath the projecting part d' of a boiler d, which is continued upward at the
back of the oven e, as shown. Spaces f, between the projecting parts or water
spaces c¹ and d³, serve as flues to guide the products of combustion upward
from the grate a, plates 9 being attached to the parts c' to turn or deflect
them so that they may act more perfectly upon the bottom of the oven e than.
would be the case if they were allowed a more direct escapo from the flues or.
spaces to the flues or spaces f¹ and f³ at the sides and top of the oven e.
The space f, whereby the products of combustion after passing up by the
flues at the sides of the oven.e are led over its top, is enclosed or covered
in by a plate h, which becomes heated by the products in their progress to the
backward part of the apparatus, where they escape into a suitable pipe or
tube provided for the purpose of inducing a draught and conveying them (tho
products) away as required. The plate is consequently available for the
purposes of an ordinary hot plate, and hinged plates i, capable of being let:
down at each side of the plate h and supported by rods i¹, are provided for
the purpose of holding such other vessels (heated by steam from the boilers c
and d or otherwise) as may be required, and which may either be such as are
mentioned on the Drawing or otherwise as most convenient.
From the foregoing it will be observed that on lighting the fire on the
grate a the flame and products of combustion act immediately upon the pro-.
jections and d of the respective boilers o and d,. and subsequently upon the
under side of the oven e, which is consequently kept in a highly heated state,
while at the same time any excess of temperature within it is more or less.
absorbed by the water contained in the upper portion of the boiler d in
contact with the back part of the oven; the consequence is that inasmuch as:
the fire on the grate a in the first place imparts heat to the boilers c and d

page_text: (the steam from which is available for cooking in connection with vessels
placed respectively upon either or both of the plates and i); secondly, to
the oven e; and, lastly, to the plate h. The arrangement described is a very
economical one when the amount of cooking effected in proportion to the fuel
consumed is considered. It will also be observed that a large amount of
heated water, withdrawable by means of the cocks j, is produced by the boilers
c and d, and is always available, fresh water being supplied to them by pipes k
or otherwise as required. The part d' of the boiler d may either be formed
with a central circular flue or space f³, as shown, or otherwise may be formed
without any such central flue or space.
The arrangement wherein an ordinary kitchen stove is employed is repre-
sented at Figs. 7, 8, and 9, Fig. 7 being a front view (partly in section
through the line K, L, of Fig. 9) of the stove with apparatus applied;
Fig. 8, a section of the stove and apparatus taken at right angles to the fore-
going through the G, H, of Fig. 7; and Fig. 9, a horizontal section through
the line I, J, of the same. In this case represents a kitchen range of
ordinary construction, having the horse-shoe or bridge-formed boiler m
situated at each side of and above its fire or grate space l¹, and provided with
flue tubes m³ running vertically upward through each of its two side water
spaces as shown. A moveable plate n is provided for the purpose when
necessary of being placed above the fire in the interval between the two side
water spaces of the boiler m, a similar plate o, hinged to the back of the stove
or boiler as may be most convenient, being provided for the purpose when
required of closing the direct communication between the fire-place l' and tho
chimney situated above the back of the grate. The boiler m is supported by
plates m, which rest upon the hobs of the stove, leaving an interval, as
shown, between the under sides or bottoms of the side water spaces and the
hobs; it will thus be seen that when the plates n and o are in use the products
of combustion pass from the fire upward through the tubes m³, as indicated
by the arrows, and are hence guided to the chimney by the plate p placed at
the upper part of the boiler for the purpose. The plate n, situated directly
over the fire, is consequently available for the purposes of a hot plato, and is
rendered still more effective by the heat emanating from the sides of the
water spaces of the boiler m, the front opening of which may in some cases
when found advisable be closed by a plate or door to still farther retain the
heat within it; or otherwise by removing the plate n, and placing the plate o
in the position shown in red lines, the products of combustion will pass directly
from the fire to the chimney instead of passing thereto through the tubes or
passages m', as described. In either case, that is to say, whether the pro-

page_text: ducts of combustion are allowed to pass directly to the chimney or are
diverted so as to pass thereto through the tubes or passages m', the front of
the fire is available for all the ordinary purposes of cooking by roasting and
others of like character, while at the same time steam generated in the
boiler m may be made use of in connection with cooking vessels q placed at
each of its sides above the ordinary boiler and oven of the stove or range.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same may be conveniently carried into effect, I
desire to point out that the same is susceptible of being variously modified
without departing from its distinctive and peculiar features, I do not there-
fore confine or limit myself to the precise forms or details represented; but I
claim, in respect of the first part of my Invention, the general forms and com-
bination of parts constituting a cooking apparatus substantially as described;
and in respect of the second part of my Invention, I claim the general form
and arrangement of additional boiler and apparatus applicable to ordinary
kitchen stoves or ranges substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
FREDERIC PELHAM WARREN. (L.S.)