Improvements in Submarine Vessels.
Year: 1890

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Submarine Vessels.
1, LEONIDE APOSTOLOFF of 15 Rue des Halles, Paris France, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
A submarine vessel according to this invention is illustrated by way of example
in the annexed drawings in which,
Fig. 1 illustrates the vessel in vertical longitudinal section.
Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross section, and
Fig. 3 a transverse section of the same.
These figs. "show the internal arrangement of the vessel and that of the motive
mechanism.
Fig. 4 illustrates the vessel as it appears in the water.
Upon the fixed longitudinal shaft A is arranged a metal shell B which is also fixed
and contains the motive mechanism and the crew of the boat. This shell B con-
stitutes what I term the inner body.
The shaft A terminates at its forward end in a point or spur P and it carries at its
after end the compartment (which is provided with the cage or conning tower D for
the helmsman. This contains the steering gear for the rudder that is formed by two
perpendicular planes E, F, jointed at a and b and of which the vertical plane E serves
to guide the vessel inja horizontal plane, whilst the horizontal plane F serves to guide
the vessel in a vertical plane.
Surrounding the inner body B at a small distance from the same is the hull G
which is also of metal and which I term the rotary body; upon the hull G is wound
or formed a propelling helix H. This hull rotates about the shaft A and bears on
cast iron plates I, I', fixed on the said shaft which serve as abutments for the same;
tight joints prevent the entry of water at these points.
Motion is imparted from the interior to the rotary body by means of a ring of teeth J
fixed on the internal circumference of the hull G and gearing with a whee! K passing
through the wall of the body B. This latter is operated by a combination of gear
wheels driven by any kind of motor, it may be for instance by a steam engine, as in
the arrangement shewn in the drawing.
Rollers L may be arranged between the two shells in order to ensure and maintain
them at a distance apart.
The vessel is divided into several storeys by partitions or decks forming special
compartments. M M' are compressed air reservoirs, N is the ballast hold.
From the cage or conning tower D where he has at band all the apparatus for
signalling, controlling, and operating, the steersman can act upon the rudder, either
by means of the chains O for steering in a horizontal plane (these chains being wound
on a windlass Q operated by the driving power of the ship) or by means of the circle
of teeth R actuated by the pinion S for steering in a vertical plane.
The rudders oscillate about perpendicular joints a and b.-
Upon the forward and after ends of the vessel is mounted a framing T upon which
is suspended a cage U of any dimensions, designed to receive passengers.

page_text: This cage is thus supported above the level of the water and is out of the reach of
the movements of the waves. It has the shape of a boat so that in case of accident it
can sail as a galley or ordinary boat.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Submarine Vessels.
I, LEONIDE APOSTOLOFF of 15 Rue des Halles, Paris, France, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to improvements in submarine vessels as I will now
proceed to describe with reference to the drawings filed with my Provisional
Specification and in which
'
Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section ;
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section; and
:
Fig. 3 a transverse section of a vessel constructed according to this invention.
These figures shew the internal construction of the vessel and also that of the
motive mechanism.
Fig. 4 illustrates the vessel as it appears in the water.
Upon a fixed longitudinal rod A is fixed a metal shell B which contains the
propelling mechanism and the crew of the vessel. This shell B constitutes what
term the inner body. The rod A terminates at its forward end in a point or
spur Pand at its after end carries a compartment C which is provided with the cage or
conning tower D for the steersman. This cago or conning tower contains the steering
gear for the rudder which is formed by two planes E Farranged at right angles to
each other and jointed to the rod A at a and b and of which the vertical plane E
serves to guide the vessel in a horizontal plane, whilst the horizontal plane F serves
to guide the vessel in a vertical plane.
Surrounding the inner body B and at a small distance therefrom is the hull G
which is also of metal and which I term the rotary body. Upon the exterior of
the hull G is formed or secured a propelling helix or screw blade H. This hull
rotates about the rod A and bears upon cast iron plates I I', which are fixed upon
the said shaft and serve as abutments or bearings for the rotary hull; tight joints
between the hull and plates I l' serve to prevent the entry of water at these points.
Rotary motion is imparted from the interior of the inner body B to the rotary
body G by means of a ring of teeth J fixed on the internal circumference of the
bull G and gearing with a wheel K that passos through the wall of the inner body B
and is operated by gearing driven by any suitable kind of motor, it may be for
instance by a steam engine, as in the arrangement shewn in the drawings.
Rollers L may be arranged between the two shells in order to ensure and maintain
them at a suitable distance apart.
The vessel is divided into several storeys by partitions or decks so as to form special
compartments. M M' are compressed air reservoirs, N is the ballast hold.
From the cage or conning tower D where he has at hand all the apparatus for
signalling, controlling, and operating, the steersman can act upon the rudder, either
by means of the chains O for steering in a horizontal plane, these chains being wound
on a windlass Q operated it may be from the propelling mechanism of the vessel or
by means of the ring of teeth R actuated by a pinion S, for steering in a vertical
plane..
The rudders when thus operated oscillate about joints a and b, the axes of which are
at right angles to each other.
Upon the forward and after ends of the vessel is mounted a framing T from which
is suspended a cage or vessel U of any suitable dimensions designed to receive
passengers.

page_text: This cage or vessel is thus supported above the level of the water and is out of the
reach of the movements of the waves. It is made in the shape of a boat so that in
case of accident it can float and serve as a galley or ordinary boat.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A submarine vessel comprising two concentric shells B & G of any suitable form
of revolution as for example ellipsoidal, spherical, or cylindrical, the inner one B
being stationary and containing the mechanism for causing the movement of the outer
one G which is provided with an external helix or screw blade H that effects the
propulsion of the vessel by its rotation, substantially as herein described.
2. The combination with a submarine vessel of the kind referred to in the
preceding claim of two rudders E F, arranged at right angles to each other for
the purpose of enabling the vessel to move in a vertical plane or in a horizontal
plane or in any intermediate direction substantially as described.
3. The combination with a submarine vessel of the kind referred to in the preceding
claims, of a cage or vessel U designed to receive passengers and to support them.above
the movements of the waves substantially as herein described.
4. The improved submarine vessel substantially as described and shewn..
noted thin 5th
T
1800
L. APOSTOLOFF,
By L. W. per. F. B..