Improvements in Separating Fibres from the Waste Liquors of Paper-making Machinery.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 31st Oct., 1896
[Communicated from abroad by GUSTAVE SMIDTH, of Frederiksberg Paper Mills,
Copenhagen, Denmark, Paper Maker.]
Improvements in Separating Fibres from the Waste Liquors of
Paper-making Machinery.
I, THOMAS ALLEN MARSHALL of Campbell Works, Stoke Newington,
London, N. Dandy Roll and Banknote Mould Maker, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention is for the use of paper-makers, separately to collect the fibre
and residue of what is known as the back-water.
In the process of paper-making there is a considerable quantity and force of
water used, which as it recedes from the machinery carries away more or less of
the fibrous material, the water thus receding contains both sizing and coloring
matter, which running to waste is estimated to be a loss of from five to ten per cent.
to the mill proprietor or factor.
By this invention the filament flowing away or escaping with the back-water is
collected, filtered or strained for re-use, and the glutinous water being conveyed to
a receiver, or other suitable receptacle, is also ready to be re-used, so that the
quoted loss to the manufacturer is averted, and the water courses and sewers
relieved from a large quantity of extraneous and troublesome substance.
The apparatus is erected in immediate connection with the water-outlet of the
mill or factory, elevated on a suitable superstructure, either in the interior or
exterior of the mill as may be most convenient; to exclude dust or other foreign
matter, the upper or open part of the apparatus is fitted with a rising or otherwise
moveable lid or cover.
The apparatus may be made to any shape, of any required size or dimension,
and either in whole or part of wood, earthenware, metal or combination of
metals.
The back or waste water is conveyed into the apparatus by means of a pipe
attached or connected to the waste pipe or outlet for the water which flows from
the paper-making machine.
The bottom or lower part of the apparatus has a slight gradient with water
courses, which carries the filtered, and other water that may overflow, into a
receiving cistern or well.
In the interior of the apparatus are compartments, or reservoirs, or receiving
cisterns placed side by side in parallel rows, these receivers may be in any required
number and of any capaciousness, and are connected with each other by means of
floodgates opening and closing at will, which enables them to be used singly or
collectively, in each compartment or division is also an opening for the water to be
conveyed out of the apparatus, these outlets are arranged to be closed when
required by means of sluices.
In each division is fitted a lath, or cross bar, or other partially open surface,
upon which a filterer or strainer of fine wire gauze, or other perforated, or adapted
material, through which the water passes leaving the fibre filtered or strained, and
ready to be passed again into the paper-making machine.
The receiving basins thus connected with each other can be used severally or
otherwise as continuous receptacles for the water passing from the paper-making
machine, and a re-filteration, which prevents any of the fibre escaping with the

page_text: final exit of the water, to effect this near the summit of each receiver is an
opening or outlet regulated by floodgates worked by a rack wheel or other
mechanical appliance, which enables the back-water to be conveyed into any one
of the receivers or through the whole of them in a gradual or dimenishing
current.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1. is a sectional view of the apparatus showing the supply or precipitating
pipes.
Figure 3. shows the interior of the apparatus.
A is a bridge or channel, placed on the summit of the receiving receptacles B,
and upon which the waste liquors which flow from the paper making machine are
precipitated.
On this bridge, over each receptacle is an opening or plug hole C, through
which the liquor flows into the receptacle; to divert, when required the flow of
the liquor into any receptacle each opening is fitted with a plug.
The plugs are readily removal by hand.
Each receptacle has a connecting opening D, so that the liquors may flow in
continuous circulation from receptacle to receptacle, which effects a gradual
diminishing flow and insures a thorough filtration.
To regulate the flow, or, when required exclude the liquor from any one
receptacle, each opening is fitted with a floodgate which is worked by a rack and
pinion (if preferred other mechanical means can be substituted, or they can be
worked by hand) as illustrated in Figure 3-in which figure number 1 is end view
showing connecting opening D respectively opened and closed, number 2 is a side
view with opening closed.
Each receptacle rests upon laths, or cross bars, over which is placed a strainer
of wire gauze, or other suitable perforated material, through which the liquor
oozes and flows on to the lower surface of the apparatus which has gradients K
sloping to a water course or channel I leading to the receiving cistern or well G
(see Figure 2.) into which it flows-the fibre separated from the waste liquor being
retained upon the strainer, ready to be passed again into the paper making
machine.
On the summit of each receptacle is an opening, or outlet H for liquor over-
flowing or exuding, the liquor thus overflowing flows on to the lower surface
into the water course in connection with the receiving cistern G into which
it flows.
In Figure 4. E is a plan of the laths upon which the wire gauze F is placed,
number 1 is a side view showing the basins over the strainer and overflowing
outlets H, number 2 is end view.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is;
1st. An apparatus for receiving the back or waste waters, and separating the
fibres from the waste liquors of paper-making machinery.
2nd. An apparatus fitted with filtering division basins, or other water holding
receptacles, connected one with the other, capable of being used singly or severally,
and fitted with. overflowing outlets regulated by floodgates worked by means of a
rack wheel or other mechanical appliance, or if preferred to be operated
by hand.
3rd. An apparatus by which the waste liquors from paper-making machinery
can be filtered by a gradual or diminishing force of current; that the whole of
the fibre passing with the water from the machinery is retained and ready for
re-use.
Dated this 18th day of December 1895.