Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 25th May, 1891.
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Feb., 1892-Accepted, 16th Apr., 1892
No text detected.

page_text: The vessel A. may be provided in the usual way with a screw plug furnished
with a safety valve.
The lamp with horizontal pipes B and C may have a screw spindle for regulating
the issue of the vapors from B to C. In the lamp with vertical pipes B and C such a
screw spindle may be dispensed with. If the regulating device for admission of air as
shown at H be dispensed with, I preferably arrange side holes in the pipe C for the
admission of air in a Bunsen burner, in the manner illustrated in the vertical
arrangement of pipes B and C.
Dated this 25th day of May 1801
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps.
1, GUSTAV BARTHEL formerly of Niederpoyritz near Dresden, but now of
Blasewitzerstrasse 37, Dresden in the Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire,
Chemist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention has reference to improved lamps constructed to burn with a blue
flame and suitable for use in laboratories and for scientific and industrial purposes.
They are specially suitable for burning alcohol (methylated spirits), although they
may be used for burning other well known hydro-carbons or liquid fuel heretofore
employed in lamps.
In a lamp according to this invention of which two examples are illustrated in
the drawings left with my Provisional Specification; and another example in the
drawing (Fig. 3) filed herewith, there are two pipes or tubes arranged parallel and
in metallic connection with each other outside the reservoir which contains the
liquid fuel of which tubes the one is provided with a full wick and serves as the
evaporating chamber, whereas the other tube serves as the burner tube, the flame
in the latter transmitting its heat directly to the evaporating tube through the
adjacent wall.
As the vapours of the less volatile hydro-carbons such for example
as spirits have a tendency to fall or descend and to condense at the colder faces of
the apparatus, the latter must be arranged in such a manner so as to prevent the
vapours escaping back into the reservoir. This is effected by closing the
communication between the tube forming the evaporating chamber and hereinafter
called the evaporating tube, and the reservoir by means of the full wick, but so that
the latter is not prevented from sucking or conducting liquid fuel into the
evaporating tube, and by providing direct communication between the evaporating
tube and the burner tube, thereby preventing overheating of the reservoir.
In order to provide sufficient space in the evaporating tube for vapour to collect
and to issue into the burner tube, I prefer to bind a portion of the wick that
is within the evaporating tube for a certain distance so as to leave a space
which is in direct communication with the burner tube but leaving the wick of
its full diameter at the end of the tube towards the reservoir for the purpose
hereinbefore stated.
In some cases I prefer to provide the burner tube with a piece or diaphragm
of wire ganze through which the vapours pass, the vapours burning outward from
it. In order to regulate the flame, and by this means to regulate at the same
time the influence of such flame upon the space in the evaporating tube the wire
gauze is made adjustable lengthwise in the burner tube and relatively to the
evaporating tube.
•
Fig. 1 of my said drawings shews a vertical section of my improved lamp with
an horizontal arrangement of tubes; and

page_text: Fig. 2 is a similar view of a lamp with a vertical arrangement of tubes.
parts are indicated by like letters of reference in both figures.
Like
A is the reservoir; B is the evaporating or wick tube, connected to the reservoir
by a suitable screw-threaded device. The tube B is supplied with a full wick E
extending to or nearly to the bottom of the reservoir A. The evaporating or
wick tube B communicates by means of the lateral tube or nozzle band a small
opening therein directly with the burner tube C which is arranged in contact with
the tube B, or may be made to form part of such tube. The nozzle may be
supplied with a regulating device F as in Fig. 2 or simply with a screw plug fas
in Fig. 1 for cleaning purposes. The burner tube C may be open at its rear
end and may have at this end a perforated adjustable disc H by which the
admission of air can be regulated as in Fig. 1, or said tube may be closed at the
rear end and may have lateral openings as in Fig. 2. The tube C may be
provided with a piece G of wire gauze as in Fig. 2; or this gauze may be
dispensed with as in Fig. 1. In the former case the flame will burn outward from.
the wire gauze with a quiet flame, such as in the well known Bunsen burner; in
the latter case the flame is a sharp and noisy one and especially suitable for
soldering purposes.
It
The accompanying drawing, Fig. 3 shews in a vertical section a lamp with the
reservoir A. and the tubes B and C arranged horizontally as in Fig. 1. It shows.
how I propose to bind the front or outer portion of the wick E in the tube B.
will be clearly seen by this figure that the wick E at the end towards the
reservoir A fills the tube B, without preventing the spirit being sucked up out of
the reservoir A and being conducted into the evaporating space of the tube B,
but nevertheless in such a manner as to prevent the vapours or products of the
evaporation escaping into the reservoir A.
The spirit on entering the tube B is heated, and its evaporation takes place as
it advances sufficiently far into the evaporating tube B to come under the direct
influence of the heat transmitted to this tube from the flame in the burner tube C.
The vapour thus generated passes into the nozzle and thence into the burner
tube C, where it burns and wherein it is not liable to condense. The binding
down of the wick may be effected by a piece of metal that pierces the wick
longitudinally or lies thereon, the wick and the piece of metal being bound
together by thread or wire as shewn. By this means a portion of the wick is
male of less diameter than the interior of the tube B so as to leave a space in
this tube for the reception of the vapours which pass in a constant stream through
the nozzle into the tube C. By this arrangement it is possible to continuously
evaporate liquid fuel by the working flame of the lamp and to constantly supply
this flame with combustible vapour. It is an important feature of this arrangement
that no escape of liquid fuel can take place from the reservoir or evaporating
tube B through the nozzle into the tube C, even if the lamp be held in an
inclined position.
The wire gauze G is held within the burner tube C by a tube c of less diameter
than C and formed with an internal rim c' against which the wire gauze rests.
For enabling the smaller tube and wire gauze G to be adjusted longitudinally
within the burner tube C, the latter tube is formed with a slot at the top for the
passage of the bolt by which the knob is fastened to the tube c, and the said
tube e is formed with a slot eat bottom for allowing the tube e to pass beyond
the nozzle b.
C
By this arrangement the wire gauze G can be adjusted in either direction.
By shifting it to the front or open end of the tube C, the flame will have less
heating effect upon the evaporating tube B, and consequently the intensity and
size of the flame will be reduced as the generation of vapour will be lessened,
whereas if the wire gauze be shifted towards the nozzle the heating effect
of the flame on the tube B will be increased, the evaporation in B will be
quickened, and consequently the quantity of vapour generated and fed to the
flame will be increased.

page_text: As will be obvious, various means may be adopted for the purpose of adjusting
the wire gauze G within the tube C. Thus in the arrangement of vertical tubes
shown in Fig. 2 a rack and pinion device of well known construction may be
employed to raise or lower the wire gauze G for the purpose indicated.
It will also be obvious, that lamps such as hereinbefore described especially in
those provided with the horizontal arrangement of tubes as indicated in Figs. I
and 3 may be provided with a soldering iron or copper bit so that when the lamp
is to be used for soldering purposes such soldering iron or copper bit will be
constantly heated. Also such lamps may be provided with a holder for holding
steel letters, figures, trade marks and other signs or devices, which it is desired to
heat for the purpose of burning or branding the letters, figures, trade marks
and other signs or devices onto wooden cases or casks for packing or other
purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A lamp for burning liquid fuel (especially alcohol or methylated spirits)
with a blue flame, constructed with a wick tube B, forming an evaporating
chamber, and with a burner tube C, both tubes being arranged parallel and in
contact with each other and external to the reservoir A for containing the liquid
fuel, the two tubes communicating directly with each other by a nozzle b through
which combustible vapour can pass from the wick tube to the burner tube
substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. Providing a lamp having a wick tube B and a burner tube C, both tubes
being arranged parallel and in contact with each other and outside the liquid
fuel reservoir A as specified in the preceding claim, with a wick arranged in
the tube and extending into the reservoir A, the portion of the wick within
the said tube B being bound or reduced in diameter for a part of its length so as
to leave a space within such tube for the reception of the vapour generated, and
part of the wick being left of its full diameter so as to prevent the said vapour
passing into the reservoir A. substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. In a lamp, the combination comprising a fuel reservoir A, a wick tube B,
a burner tube C, both tubes being arranged parallel and in contact with each
other and outside the said fuel reservoir A as set forth, and wire gauze G that
is capable of adjustment longitudinally within the burner tube C substantially as
herein before described for the purpose specified.
Dated this 22nd day of February 1892.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.