IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS THROUGH WHICH AIR IS SUPPLIED TO THE FURNACES OF STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM JAMES CHUBB of 186 Fleet Street in the city of London Gentleman
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
THROUGH WHICH AIR IS SUPPLIED TO THE FURNACES OF STEAM BOILERS to be as
follows:-
The objects of my invention are to effect in the furnaces of locomotive marine
and other boilers a more perfect combustion of the fuel and of the gases arising
therefrom thereby lessening the waste of fuel and preventing the formation of
smoke and also so to construct the apparatus by which this aforesaid effect is
produced that it shall not be so liable to be destroyed or rendered useless by the
heat of the furnace while at the same time when from any cause a renewal of the
apparatus or of a part thereof is required the said renewal can be effected very
easily quickly and cheaply.
I carry out these objects by fitting an apparatus as hereinafter described in one
or both ends of the fire box or furnace chamber through which apparatus air is
drawn in from below the fire bars and caused to pass through the said fire box or
furnace chamber in such a manner as to mingle with the fuel or with the
unconsumed gases and smoke that are making their escape from the furnace and
effect a more perfect combustion of the same: The apparatus consists of a tuyero
or funnel shaped piece of material preferably of cast metal which may extend
entirely across the furnace chamber and the lower larger entrance mouth of which
is about level with the fire bars and the air entering this mouth is directed by the
tuyere into the furnace chamber in one or more streams through the small or
narrow delivery mouth or mouths of the said tuyere. It has hitherto been found
that when the whole of this apparatus aforesaid is made of metal the intense heat
of the furnace tends to burn the same at or near the delivery mouth or mouths
thereof thereby closing or blocking up the same and that therefore the apparatus
has needed constant labour and watchfulness to keep the said delivery mouth or
mouths free and open and also very frequent renewal. Now to obviate this great
inconvenience and defect according to one and the preferable method I cut away
or remove the metal for a suitable distance round the said delivery mouth or
mouths and form in the said metal on both sides a suitable seating wherein I secure
ID 1
3

page_text: one or more blocks of fire brick or other similar and suitable material of the
required shape to fit the end of the tuyere in which block or blocks I form the
necessary aperture or apertures through which the air that enters the lower mouth
of the tuyere passes into the furnace chamber. Another method consists in so
forming the metal round the delivery mouth or mouths that a face can be made
thereon of fire bricks or other similar material round the said mouth or mouths or
the whole apparatus may be faced with fire brick or other suitable material.
According to another method I can form that part of the tuyere which is nearest
to the furnace and which forms a midfeather entirely of fire brick or other similar
material and only face the end of the other part with the said fire brick or other
material. Thus according to this my invention in either or all of these aforesaid
forms the most intense heat of the furnace will not play upon the metal but on the
firebrick or other material and therefore the delivery mouth or mouths of the
tuyere will not be closed or blocked up while when renewal is required the block
or blocks or bricks can easily be removed and renewed.
When this apparatus aforesaid is applied to locomotive boilers I attach on or near
the lower entrance mouth of the tuyere one or more hinged plates or dampers
which can be opened when required to admit and guide the air into the tuyere and
thus ensure. the required draught there through,
In marine and other boilers which do not create a strong draught by their own
motion I can if required use fans or other apparatus to produce this draught.
I prefer to make the tuyere casting in one piece which can then be secured
inside the fire box or furnace chamber against one of the end walls thereof in any
convenient manner but I can also make the same in two or more pieces as may be
desired which can be secured together and the intervening or other spaces if any
can be filled up as required with fire clay or other suitable material.

page_text: I WILLIAM JAMES CHUBB of 186 Fleet Street in the city of London Gentleman
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
THROUGH WHICH AIR IS SUPPLIED TO THE FURNACES OF STEAM BOILERS and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to apparatus for effecting in the furnaces of locomotive
marine and other boilers a more perfect combustion of the fuel and of the gases
arising therefrom thereby preventing the formation of smoke and lessening the
waste of fuel and has for its object the construction of the said apparatus by which
this aforesaid effect is produced so that it shall not be so liable to be destroyed or
rendered useless by the heat of the furnace while at the same time when from any
cause a renewal of the apparatus or of a part or parts thereof is required the said
renewal can be effected very easily quickly and cheaply.
The aforesaid effect is produced by fitting an apparatus as hereinafter described
in one or both ends of the fire box or furnace chamber through which apparatus air
is drawn in from below the fire bars and caused to pass through the said fire box or
furnace chamber in such a manner as to mingle with the fuel or with the
unconsumed gases and smoke that are making their escape from the furnace
whereby the more perfect combustion aforesaid is effected. The apparatus consists
of a tuyere or funnel shaped piece of material preferably of cast metal which
may extend entirely across the fire box or furnace chamber and the lower and larger
entrance mouth of this tuyere is about level with the fire bars and the air entering
this mouth is directed by the said tuyere into the furnace chamber as is required in
one or more streams through the small or narrow delivery mouth or mouths of the
said tuyere.
It has hitherto been found that when the whole of this apparatus aforesaid is
made of metal the intense heat of the furnace tends to burn the same at or near
the delivery mouth or mouths thereof thereby closing or blocking up the said
mouth or mouths and that therefore the apparatus has needed constant labour and
watchfulness to keep the said delivery mouth or mouths free and open and also
very frequent renewal.
Now the object of this my invention is to obviate and
remove this great inconvenience and objection by so constructing the apparatus
that there shall not be the same tendency as aforesaid to burn and thereby close or
block up the delivery mouth or mouths while if any renewal is required the same
can easily quickly and cheaply be effected.
In order to explain this my invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed I refer to the accompanying drawing in which I have shewn my

page_text: improved apparatus as applied to and in the fire box or furnace chamber of
'a locomotive boiler.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of the lower part of the fire box or
furnace chamber of the boiler. Figure 2 is a transverse vertical section of the
same with the fire bars removed shewing a front elevation of my improved
apparatus.
In the front end of the fire box A 1 fit and arrange a tuyere B or funnel shaped
passage which preferably extends entirely across the fire box and is made of metal.
One side of the tuyere is formed in the shape of a bent plate C and the other side
forms a midfeather D on which lugs E may be fitted to support the fire bars F.
This tuyere B is secured to the lower parts of the walls or sides of the fire box A in
any convenient manner and to the lower and larger entrance mouth G of the said
tuyere B which is on a level with the bottom of the firebars F or thereabouts is
fitted the hinged plate or damper H actuated by the rod and lever I to regulate the
admission of air. To carry out my aforesaid object I cut away or remove the metal
at the upper part of the tuyere B and form the said upper part of the tuyere B by
one or more blocks of fire brick L or other suitable or similar material of the
required shape and held and secured in suitable seatings formed in the metal
portion of the said tuyere B and in this single block or by these two or more
blocks of firebrick L I form the delivery mouth or mouths K. Thus in this
apparatus part of the air entering the front of the ashpan M is caught by the
damper H and passing through the mouth G is forced through the tuyere B thence
issuing through the mouth or mouths K and mixing with the fuel in the firebox A
or with the unconsumed gases and smoke arising therefrom ensures a more perfect
combustion while as the intense heat of the furnace does not play upon the metal
but on the fire brick or other similar material the delivery mouth or mouths of the
tuyere will not be closed or blocked up as aforesaid while when any renewal is
required the part or parts affected can easily and quickly be removed and cheaply
renewed.
I consider that the method as shewn in the drawing and hereinbefore described
of forming and constructing my improved apparatus is very suitable and convenient
for carrying out and effecting my aforesaid object but I in no wise limit myself
thereto for any other suitable method may be used and employed-According to
one alternative method I form the whole tuyere of metal but in such a manner that
a face can be made and formed thereon round the delivery mouth or mouths and
extending as far therefrom as may be necessary of fire bricks or other similar
material. According to another method I remove the front web 11 of the
midfeather part D of the tuyere and form the front of the said midfeather part 1)
entirely of firebrick. According to another method the midfeather part of the
tuyere can be made entirely of fire brick or other similar material and no metal be
used for that part-In all these methods as aforesaid the heat will only play on the
fire brick or other similar material whereby my aforesaid object is effected as is
required.
I preferably make the metal part of the tuyere in one piece which can then be
secured inside the fire box or furnace chamber against one of the end walls and the
side walls thereof in any convenient mann-r preferably as shewn by the bolts N
but I can also make the saine in two or more pieces as may be desired and in both
cases any intervening or other spaces can be filled up as required with fire clay or
other suitable material.
This apparatus as herein before described can be placed at either or both ends of
the fire box as may be convenient. In marine and other boilers that do not create
a strong draught by their own motion the apparatus would be fitted and applied in
manner as herein before described but I can if required use fans or other apparatus
to produce the required draught and ensure the passage of the air through the
tuj ere whether with or without the damper aforesaid.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
In an tuyere for admitting air into the furnace of a steam boiler the combination
of metal and fire brick or other similar material substantially as and for the purpose
herein before described and declared.