CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING FUSTIANS, VELVETEENS, AND OTHER SIMILAR FABRICS TO PRODUCE A PILED SURFACE
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Jérome André Drieu, of Patricroft, in the County
of Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING FUSTIANS, VELVETEENS, AND OTHER
SIMILAR FABRICS TO PRODUCE A PILED SURFACE."
Sealed the 7th November 1854, and dated the 13th May 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Jérome André Drieu
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th May 1854.
I, JEROME ANDRÉ DRIEU, of Patricroft, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING FUSTIANS, VELVETEENS,
AND OTHER SIMILAR. FABRICS TO PRODUCE A PILED SURFACE," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in the application, employment, or use of a novel
and peculiarly shaped knife or knives, cutter or cutters, in combination
with the ordinary grooved instrument or "guide," as now commonly used
when cutting such fabrics by hand, or a "guide" similar in character and
effect.

page_text: The peculiar form of the knife or knives constituting my improvement
is cimiter shaped, or having a recurvated cutting edge, and which will be
found to be most perfect in its operation when used or employed as hereafter
described. A series of such knives or cutters, and their respective "guides"
may be placed transversely across a loom, in which such fabrics as are required
to be cut to produce a piled surface are being woven, one such knife being
placed exactly over each cord or loop in the cloth, and its corresponding
grooved "guide" being introduced into each of the cords or loops, in order to
cut the whole breadth of the piece at once; and produce the required piled
surface.
This set or series of cimiter-shaped knives or cutters is to receive a recipro-
cating or backwards and forwards or other suitable motion, so as to give
them a simultaneous cutting action upon the cords, whilst the "guides"
within the cords or loops assist, as in the ordinary manner, to complete the
operation.
This cutting motion may either be continuous or interrupted, as may be
preferred, and may be imparted to the knives or cutters either from the
crank shaft or tappet shaft, or from any other convenient 'motive part of the
loom; or the same Invention is equally applicable to perform the same
operation independently of the process of weaving; and 'may be employed, if
preferred, as a separate cutting instrument or apparatus upon corded or
looped or terry cloth, after it has been removed from the loom in that
state.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Jérome André Drieu in the Great Seal Patent Office on 2
the 13th November 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JEROME
ANDRÉ DRIEU, of Patricroft, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, send
-greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal 3
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Jerome André Drieu, Her special licence that I, the said

page_text: Jerome André Drieu, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Jerome André Drieu, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CUTTING FUSTIANS,
VELVETEENS, AND OTHER SIMILAR FABRICS TO PRODUCE A PILED SURFACE," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Jerome André Drieu, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Royal Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Jerome André Drieu, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained. in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
My Invention consists of a peculiar arrangement and construction of a
machine or apparatus with peculiar shaped knives or cutters, in combination
with the ordinary grooved instrument or guide commonly used when cutting
such pile fabrics by hand. The said guides are fixed on a shaft across the
apparatus and are stationary, their points resting on the surface of the fabric
to be cut, which fabric rests on a plate or table for the purpose, the points of
the guides being adjusted by a handle or lever, so as to present themselves to
each cord of the fabric, and raising. the threads thereof present them to the
cutters, which, by their oscillating or undulary motion, cut the threads of the
cords as the fabric advances or passes through the machine or apparatus.
Motion is given to the knives or cutters from the tappet shaft, acting upon a
pully fixed to the side frame of the apparatus, by means of a cord or band, or
chain. On the shaft of the said pully is fixed a pinion, working into a toothed
segment at one or both ends of the apparatus, which segments receive a back-
ward, and forward motion from the said pinion and tappet. Two rods are
passed through the segments and all the knives, so that as the segments move
backwards and forwards they must necessarily move the cutters with them,
and their formation being of a segment of a circle will cause them to have a
peculiar or curvilinear motion, something like the waves of water, which will
be found to be the most easy cutting motion. These guides and cutters may

page_text: be placed transversely across the loom and cut the fabric as it is woven, or
they may be placed in a separate frame or apparatus and cut independently of
the loom.
In the accompanying. Sheet of Drawings Fig. 1 is an outside view of such
frame or apparatus, shewing the requisite number of the guides and-cutters to
correspond with the number of cords in the fabric to be cut; Fig. 2 is a
section of the same; and Fig. 3, a front view thereof. Figs. 4 and 5 shew
the application of the guides and cutters to a loom; Figs. 6 and 7 are detached
views of a segment and knife; Figs. 8 and 9 are views of the guides, drawn
full size; and Figs. 10 and 11, the full sized views of the knives and cutters.
a. represents the side frames of the machine, carrying a series of stretching
rollers c, the larger rollers d and e, the guide rollers f, the table g, which can be
On the shaft
adjusted by the lever h, and held by a screw in the segment i.
of the roller e is a pully, driven by the strap k on the pully 7, which is acted
upon by the toothed wheels and pinions m, and the driving pully n. The fabric
to be cut is placed at the front of the machine, as seen at ; it passes upwards
and over and under the stretching rollers c, over the roller d, upon the table g,
under the guide roller f, and then over the drawing roller c, and from thence
it falls upon the floor, as at p. The guides are shewn at q, and the cutters at r,
which are made fast to the toothed segments, at each end of the machine, by
means of rods. The segment is moved by the pinion t, upon the shaft of
which is the pully u, to which one end of the chain v is fastened, the other end
of it connected to the lever w, which is acted upon by the tappet a to which
notion is given by the pully y on the driving shaft. The return motion of the
pinion and knives is obtained by the action of the spring fastened to the pully
and side frame. It is evident that as the cloth advances an oscillating or
undulary motion is given to the knives by the action of the tappet and spring.
At Figs. 4 and 5 the same arrangement of segment and pinion with the guides
and cutters are shewn as applied to a loom, of which a¹ is the front part of
a side frame.
my
-Having thus fully explained-the nature and particulars of said Invention,
I desire it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the exact
details herein set forth, as-such may be varied or modified without departing
from the principle thereof. But I claim as of my Invention, and which, to the
best of my knowledge and belief, has not been hitherto used within this realm,
the arrangement and construction of the machinery or apparatus with the
oscillating or undulary motion of the knives or cutters working in grooved
guides, whether the same be applied to a loom or forms a separate machine, as

page_text: such improvements are herein described and illustrated in the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Jerome André Drieu, have hereunto set
my hand and seal,, this Eleventh day of November, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-four.
JEROME ANDRE DRIEU. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named Jerome André Drieu in the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.