IMPROVE- MENTS IN COMPOUNDS CONTAINING INDIA-RUBBER, GUTTA PERCHA, OR BALATA, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUCH COMPOUNDS."
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Forster, of Streatham, and Peter Brusey
Cow, Jun., of Streatham Common, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN COMPOUNDS CONTAINING INDIA-RUBBER, GUTTA PERCHA, OR BALATA,
AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUCH COMPOUNDS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Forster and
Peter Brusey Cow at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 24th April 1869.
We, THOMAS FORSTER, of Streatham, and PETER BRUSEY Cow, Jun'.,
of Streatham Common, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOUNDS CONTAINING INDIA-RUBBER, GUTTA
PERCHA, OR BALATA, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUCH COMPOUNDS," to be as
follows:-
-
This Invention has for its object improvements in compounds con-
taining india-rubber, gutta percha, or balata, and in the manufacture of
such compounds.
According to our Invention we make a new compound by combining

page_text: with india-rubber a substance called coorongite, and which has just been
imported into this country for the first time. It is a substance found
in Australia, especially in the Coorong country, and having to the eye in
its native state somewhat the appearance of a cake of carpenters' glue
when slightly moist. It is found in sheets commonly of about this
thickness, say of an inch.
This substance we prefer to prepare by passing it through and through
between rollers over which water is running until it works up into a
plastic mass, and until much of the sand which it contained has been
washed out. We then pass it between hard rollers to crush up the
remaining sand, and we work it up with masticated india-rubber. The
proportion of india-rubber may be much varied; equal parts of the
two materials makes a very useful compound, which may be used for the
purposes for which unmixed india-rubber is employed; it may be worked
or spread in a similar manner. It may be dissolved in the ordinary
india-rubber solvents, although these solvents will not dissolve coorongite
itself.
We also mix sulphur with this compound, expose it to heat, and in
this way we vulcanize the compound, obtaining products similar to but
not identical with those obtained by the vulcanization of india-rubber.
The compound may also be vulcanized by other well-known vulcanizing
processes.
Other substances may be added to the compound of india-rubber and
coorongite, such as gutta percha, balata, gums, pigments, minerals,
powders, and other substances now commonly mixed with india-
rubber.
Gutta percha may also be substituted for india-rubber in the above-
mentioned compounds, and so also may balata.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Forster and Peter Brusey Cow in the 30
Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd October 1869.
355 Ma CHATT CONN
m
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Forster and Peter Brusey Cow in the 30
Great Seal Patent Office on the 23rd October 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
FORSTER, of Streatham, and PETER BRUSEY Cow, Jun., of Streatham
Common, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Thomas Forster and Peter
Brusey Cow, Her special licence that we, the said Thomas Forster and
Peter Brusey Cow, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Thomas Forster and Peter Brusey Cow, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thercafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOUNDS CONTAINING INDIA-RUBBER, GUTTA PERCHA, OB
BALATA, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUCH COMPOUNDS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Thomas Forster and Peter Brusey
Cow, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one
of us or them, should particularly.describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Thomas Forster and Peter
Brusey Cow, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof (that is to
say):-
This Invention has for its object improvements in compounds con-
taining india-rubber, gutta percha, or balata, and in the manufacture of
such compounds.
According to our Invention we make a new compound by combining
with india-rubber a substance called coorongite, and which has just been
imported into this country for the first time. It is a substance found in
Australia, especially in the Coorong country, and having to the eye in its
native state somewhat the appearance of a cake of carpenters' glue when
slightly moist. It is found in sheets commonly of about this thickness,
sav of an inch.

page_text: This substance we prefer to prepare by passing it through and through
between rollers over which water is running until it works up into a
plastic mass, and until much of the sand which it contained has been
washed out. We then pass it between hard rollers to crush up the
remaining sand, and we work it up with masticated india-rubber. The
proportion of india-rubber may be much varied; equal parts of the two
materials makes a very useful compound, which may be used for the
purposes for which unmixed india-rubber is employed, it may be worked
or spread in a similar manner. It may be dissolved in the ordinary
india-rubber solvents, although these solvents will not dissolve coorongite
itself.
We also mix sulphur with this compound and expose it to heat, and
in this way we vulcanize the compound, obtaining products similar to but
not identical with those obtained by the vulcanization of india-rubber.
The compound may also be vulcanized by other well-known vulcanizing
processes.
Other substances may be added to the compound of india-rubber and
coorongite, such as gutta percha, balata, gums, pigments, mineral
powders, and other substances now commonly mixed with india-rubber.
Gutta percha may also be substituted for india-rubber in the above
mentioned compounds, and so also may balata.
Our mode of manipulating these compounds is as follows:- We take
the coorongite and wash it well in hot water to get rid of as much of the
adhering sand and dirt as possible, then remove it from the water and
pass it continuously through a pair of rollers moving at equal speeds and
working horizontally side by side over a cistern of water, and after we
have got it clean by that means we proceed to pass it through a pair of
casehardened rollers working as above described, care being taken to
keep them as close as possible by the set screws; by this means any
small portion of sand that may not have been removed by the first
process is crushed up and rendered harmless. We then lay it on to a
cloth to remove all the superfluous water, when that is done we take of
it 16 parts, and of masticated india-rubber 16 parts, and sulphur 3 parts,
and pass them through rollers until combined, and then convert it into a
paste or dough by the addition of solvent, by preference coal oil, and
spread or roll it and when dry vulcanize it, treating it in every way as
though it were pure india.rubber. In some cases we roll or mould it
without the aid of a solvent, and for this purpose we find 16 coorongite

page_text: and 16 rubber with 32 oxide of zinc (or other coloring matter in that
proportion) and 3 of sulphur suitable proportions.
Another useful mixture is 16 gutta percha, 16 rubber, 32 coorongite,
with coloring matter in proportion, and 6 parts sulphur. Again 16
parts balata, 16 coorongite, 3 sulphur, is a good and useful compound.
For hard rubber or ebonite we use 16 rubber, 16 coorongite, 16 sulphur;
this compound is black; if a color be required the necessary pigment to
produce the tone required must be added.
The proportion of coorongite to rubber, balata, or gutta percha may
be varied, but we prefer to use the proportions we have given above.
We should observe that the coorongite is not soluble in the ordinary
solvents of india-rubber, but when combined with india-rubber, gutta
percha, or balata it can be readily mixed with any of the solvents or
with solid paraffin, and we treat it or its compounds in every way as
india-rubber is treated in its application to the manufacture of water-
proof or solid goods, all of which is well understood.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, we would have it understood that what
we claim is, the combining coorongite with india-rubber, gutta percha, or
balata, thus producing new and improved compounds, as above described.
We also claim the washing of coorongite between rollers, then passing it
between sand crushing rollers, and afterwards working it up between
rollers with moistened india-rubber, gutta percha, or balata, and other
materials, as above described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Forster and Peter Brusey
Cow, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-third
day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-nine.