IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE MANUFACTURE OF SALT FROM BRINE, AND APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
We GEORGE CHARLES DENISON Civil Engineer and JOHN EDWARD HIGGIN,
Salt Proprietor, both of The Eureka Salt Works, Anderton, Northwich in the
County of Chester do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE MANUFACTURE OF SALT FROM BRINE,
AND APPARATUS THEREFOR to be as follows:-
--
This Invention has for its object certain improvements in and relating to the
manufacture of salt from brine and apparatus therefor, and consists in providing
a system of pipes through which the brine is fed, or supplied under pressure to the
brine evaporating pan, the system of pipes being placed under the evaporating pan
and over and in the furnaces, or flues thereof, so that the brine in its passage through
the said system of pipes is boiled or heated and then delivered in such heated state
into the pan. By this Invention through the brine being heated in the pipes and
so delivered into tho evaporating pan a quick and equal evaporation of the brine
in the pan is effected. The pipes by passing through the furnaco absorb a large
portion of the intense heat of the furnace and prevent the pan bottom from
burning.
An apparatus according to this Invention consists of a set of pipes placed in the
flues underneath the ordinary pans; these pipes communicating at one end of the
inain supplying cold brine, and at the other with the salt pan. There are elbow
pieces at each end of the pipes of an H shape, the outside ends of which H piecos
are closed by blank flanges, thus allowing a clear passage through each pipe of the
set for cleaning purposes. These H pieces may be conveniently made of cast iron
and connected with the pipes which will be exposed to the heat by flanges packed
with asbestos, or other non metallic packing to prevent galvanic action being set
up and also to allow of the pipe in the centre being easily removed in case of
damage, or when it is worn out. A stop cock is placed on the pipe before it enters
the flues. The outlet pipe for the hot brine is also reduced in size so as not to pass
too much brine. All these pipes are supported on the brickwork of the flues and
room is left at the ends for expan-ion.

page_text: METHOD OF WORKING.
The stop cock is opened so as to permit enough brine to pass through the coil
and cover the bottom of the pan. The fires are then lit and the feed put on slowly
till it becomes hot on entering the pan. The feed is then increased till the pan is
in full work, when it is kept at such a speed that it will reach a heat slightly
above its boiling point at atmospheric pressure. (This heat will depend on the
height of the supply cistern above the pans). The pressure in the pipes will
prevent the brine boiling until it is discharged from the mouth, when it will
instantly begin to boil fiercely.
The apparatus can be fitted to any pan and will enable it to manufacture any
kind of salt, for by increasing the feed and reducing the fires it could be made to
manufacture common, or fishery salt in a very short time after everything in the
pan was boiling. It also could be fitted into a furnace such as Siemens Regene-
rative, or be heated by gas and by obtaining pressure by means of a force pump
any degree of heat might be obtained, provided the apparatus was strong enough
to stand the necessary pressure. The brine will have to pass through a length of
highly heated pipe and will arrive in the pan at a very high temperature, which
will be obtained without any extra consumption of fuel.
Dated this fifth day of March 1994

page_text: We GEORGE CHARLES DENISON, Civil Engineer and JOHN EDWARD HIGGIN,
Salt Proprietor, both of The Eureka Salt Works, Anderton, Northwich in the
County of Chester do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE MANUFACTURE OF SALT FROM BRINE
AND APPARATUS THEREFOR and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention has for its object certain improvements in and relating to the
manufacture of salt from brine and apparatus therefor, and consists in providing
a system of pipes through which the brine is fed, or supplied under pressure to the
brine evaporating pan, the system of pipes being placed under the evaporating pan
and over and in the furnaces, or flues thereof, so that the brine in its passage
through the said system of pipes, is boiled, or heated and then delivered in such
heated state into the pan. By this Invention through the brine being heated in
the pipes and so delivered into the evaporating pan a quick and equal evaporation
of the brine in the pan is effected. The pipes by passing through the furnace
absorb a large portion of the intense heat of the furnace and prevent the pan
bottom from burning.
The following is a description of our Invention in sufficiently full, clear, and
distinct language, as to enable any one skilled in the art to which it belongs or
with which it is most nearly connected to put our Invention into practice, reference
being had to the accompanying sheet of Drawings, making a part of this Specifi-
ention and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, like letters and
figures being used to denote like parts throughout the various views.
Figure 1 is a sectional end elevation of a salt pan, furnaces and flues, provided
with apparatus according to our Invention.
Figure 2. is a plan of Figure 1 with the salt pan removed.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation through XX Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a detail of the apparatus according to our Invention.
The apparatus according to our Invention consists of a set of pipes a which are
placed in and across the flues b underneath the ordinary brine ovaporating pan c.
These pipes a communicate at one end by a pipe a¹ with the pressure main,
supplying cold brine, or with a supply cistern A. The other end of the pipes a
are provided with a pipe a², the outlet of which is of less area than the pipes a;
thus the brine is passed through the pipes a under pressure and after passing through
the pipes a is fed to the pan c. The ends of the pipes a are connected to each
other by H shaped junctions d the outside ends of which are closed by blank
Hanges or removeable plugs e, thus allowing a clear passage through each pipe a of
the set for cleaning purposes, when the Hanges e are removed. These H pieces
may be conveniently made of cast iron and connected to the pipes a which will be
exposed to heat, by flanges packed with asbestos, or other non metallic packing to
prevent galvanic action being set up and also to allow of the pipe a being easily
removed in case of damage, or when it is worn out, or the connection between the
H piece d and the pipes a may be made as shown in Figure 4. A stop cock f is
placed on the pipe a before it enters the flues b. In the Drawings this stop cock f
is shown at the junction of the cistern A and pipe a', the outlet pipe a³ which
feeds the hot brine into the pan c is of rather less diameter than the pipes a so as
to keep the brine under pressure in the pipes a. All the pipes a are supported on
the brickwork of the flues b and the furnaces k room being left at the ends to
allow for expansion.

page_text: The following is the method of working: the stop cock f is opened so as to
admit enough brine to pass through the pipes a and cover the bottom of the pan c;
the fires are then lighted in the furnaces k and the feed of brine is put on slowly
through the pipes a until it becomes hot on entering the pan c through the pipe a³.
The feed is then increased until the pan is in full work when the feed is reduced
so that the brine issuing from the pipe a³ is slightly above boiling point at
atmospheric pressure. This heat will depend upon the height of the supply
cistern A over the pan c. The pressure in the pipes a will prevent the brine
boiling until it is discharged from the mouth of the pipe a³ when it will instantly
begin to boil fiercely.
The apparatus can be fitted to any pan and will enable it to manufacture any
kind of salt for by increasing the feed and reducing the fires it could be made to
manufacture common, or fishery salt in a very short time after everything in the
pan was boiling. It also could be fitted into a furnace such as Siemens Regenerative,
or be heated by gas and by obtaining pressure by means of a force pump, any
degree of heat might be obtained, provided the apparatus was strong enough to
stand the necessary pressure. The brine will have to pass through a length of
highly heated pipe and will arrive in the pan at a very high temperature, which
will be obtained without any extra consumption of fuel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :
First The method herein set forth of supplying brine to brine evaporating pans,
which method consists substantially of passing, or supplying the feed of brine to
the pans, under pressure through a system of pipes.
Second The combination with brine feed pipes, such as a, of a removeable closing
device, such as the plugs e whereby access can be had to the interior of the pipes
for the purposes set forth.
Third The combination of the supply cistern A, pipes a, arranged across the
flues band furnaces k, H connections & plugs e, and feed pipe a³, having a delivery
orifice of less area than the heating pipes a substantially as herein set forth for the
purposes specified and as shown in the Drawings.
Baid this fourth day of December 1884