and Match-boxes.
Year: 1888

page_text: and Match-boxes.
I WILLIAM ELLIS of 101 Crofton Road Peckham, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention primarily consists in adapting the invention described in my specifi-
cation No. 13492 of 1886, to the cutting of wood for matches, splints and match-boxes;
secondly in an improved arrangement of inciser for circumferentially incising the log,
and thirdly, in an improved arrangement of change wheel gear, for operating the
knives.
To enable my invention to be properly understood I will proceed to fully describe
the same with aid of the accompanying drawings. The same parts in all the views
being denoted by the saine letters of reference.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation the left hand part of a machine constructed
according to this invention.
Figure 2 a similar view of the right hand part.
Figure 3 a vertical transverse section at line 1, 2, figure 2.
Figure 4, a left hand transverse sectional view taken at line 3, 4, figure 1, with the
addition thereto of a means for holding a cross shaft.
Figure 5 shows in front sectional elevation a detail view drawn to a larger scale
than the previous figures, embodied in figures 1. 2 and 3, of the means employed
inside machine at each end for upwardly advancing the shaft carrying the circular
knives for circumferentially incising the revolving log.
Figure 6, a sectional plan view at line 7, figure 5.
Figure 7 an enlarged sectional side elevation of upper portion of part of frame
with moving head carrying one end of the device for longitudinally incising the
surface of the log, shown fully in figure 3, and embodied in figures 1 and 2.
Figure 8 partial transverse sectional view of figure 7, at line 8. 9.
Figure 9, an enlarged longitudinal sectional view embodied in figure 1 of the

page_text: arrangement of change gearing for transmitting motion for advancing the knives
towards the log, and for allowing a cross worm shaft to be lifted to allow worm on
shaft to engage different size worm wheels to alter the speed of advance of the knives
towards the log.
Figure 10, is a detached enlarged longitudinal sectional view embodied in figure 1,
of the series of different size worm wheels, mounted on a sleeve arranged to slide on
a shaft to engage worm.
Figure 11, side view and figure 12 front view of a sectorial bearing and bracket for
holding the end of cross worm shaft; the bearing in these two figures is shown
provided with a screw device for obtaining the requisite accurate adjustment of the
worm to different size worm wheels, and a clainping screw for securing such
adjustment.
Figure 13, is an enlarged side elevation of a portion of a curved guide at each side
of machine, shown fully in figure 3, in which moving heads which hold the long knife
carrier travel and figure 14, is section of same, through line 10, 11, of figare 13;
these two views show an adjustable wear shield for the upper bearing of guide.
Figure 15 is a detail partial end elevation at lines 5 and 6, either at figures 1, or 2,
of the outside of one of the long knife carrier moving heads embodied in figures 1. 2
and 3, showing compensating means to enable the moving head to be moved along a
curved guide by a held straight screw.
Figure 16, is a front view of figure 15, with the addition of a partial view of the
long knife carrier, the incans for securing same at each end to moving heads and
steadying roller for knife while cutting.
Figures 17 and 18, are respectively front and sectional elevation of detached
enlarged views of compensating means, embodied in figures 1. 2. and 3, and on a
larger scale in figure 15.
A, represents main frame and bed of machine, B, the log, held on chucks B',
carried in one end of short chuck shafts B2, B3, suitably held in bearings in frame,
and revolved by large gear wheels turned by pinions B4, on main driving shaft B³.
The log chucks B', are driven into the log by the screw arrangement B, operated by
gear wheels B', turned by pinions 138, on short shaft. B, revolved by pulleys 1310,
and B. Pulley B10, being for driving the chucks B', into the log B, at each end of it,
and pulley B", for withdrawing the chucks. To enable these actions to be done, the
shafts B2, B3, are free to slide the requisite distance for chucking the log; to allow
this sliding action and provide for alterations of the position of the large gear wheels,
on the shafts B2 and B, the pinions B', are made wide as shown. To enable the
chucks B', to be withdrawn by hand if necessary, the end of the shaft B², is connected
to a screw to which is fitted a hand wheel B₁, to turn screw. C, the long knife
extending the length of the log, secured to the front of a knife carrier C, by frout
screws C, and further secured at bottom by claws (3, (see figure 3) arranged at
intervals along the bottom of carrier C. The height of the knife is first adjusted by
screws C, and then secured against face of the carrier C, by the screw C. The
knife carrier (, is held by trunnions C, in moving heads D); the trunnions C³,.
admit of the carrier C₁, being turned to adjust the edge of knife C, to the log, when
it is secured by the screws C, passing through the curved slots (7. The moving
heads D, travel in a curved guide D', consequently the edge of the knife C, is com-
pelled to take the radial direction of the curve by which means the edge of the knife
will be automatically adjusted and held in the necessary position throughout for
cutting up a log from its largest diameter to the smallest it is possible to cut it. Each
of the moving heads D, are moved by a straight screw D², held in suitable bearings
and turned by worm gear wheel D. To enable a held straight screw to move a head
in a curved guide, the following compensating means are employed. On the side of
each of the heads D, is fitted a slide D', having a pivotted block D, through which
the straight screw D2, passes and engages; the pivot D of blocks D³, being held in
the slidės D, by a groove D' and set screw D³.
E, is the inciser for longitudinally incising the surface of the log B. This is
compose of a polygonally shaped roller E', shown in sectional view at Figure 7-

page_text: with dovetail slots to hold sections of steel E³, with the incising blades planed out of
the solid. This inciser is carried in sliding bearings F, moving in a guide F1,
preferably of a curve, corresponding to the curve of guide D₁, so as to travel at exactly
the same speed as knife O. If however the guide is made straight, the bearings F,
must be arranged to move a trifle slower than the knife C, to compensate for the extra
distance given by the curve D'.
The bearings F, are pressed down by the screws F2, operated by worm gear
wheels F, through which the screws pass and engage; these wheels are held in the
top of frame A. The screws F, press the blades into the surface of the log the depth
of a match. Under the log B, is arranged a circumferential inciser. This consists
of a loose running shaft G, carried in suitable bearings G¹, arranged to slide upwardly
towards log, in inside of frame of machine at each end; the bearings G₁, being
pressed upwards by screws G2, revolved by worm gear wheels G. This shaft G, is
finely screw threaded along its length and carries a number of circular knives G*,
hold between nuts G, screwed on shaft, and set the length of a match, splint, or
box-wood apart. These knives are pressed into the log by the screws G², and so
circumferentially incise the log as it revolves, so that the shaving when cut off by
the long knife C, is in match wood, splints or box-wood according as the incisers have
been set.
When using this machine for cutting wood for match-boxes, the longitudinal incising
knives must be the width apart of the length of the match box, and the circumferential
incisers set the width apart of the length of the wood to be bent round to form the
box. By this arrangement the grain of the wood will run the length of the wood and
so admit of the wood being bent round without breaking through.
If the guides F, are made curved as shown in drawing compensating means will
be necessary for the screws F³; such means are shown in the drawing, similar in
principle to what has already been described for screws D³, but slightly different in
detail as follows.
The top of bearings F, is formed with a dovetail groove, in which is a slide F*,
which is hinged the bottom end of screw F*.
to
The necessary movements in unison of the knife C, the longitudinal inciser E,
and the circumferential incising knives G, towards the log B, are effected from the
shaft B as follows.
On an elongation of one of the hearings of the shaft B2 (best seen at figure 9) and
free to revolve thereon by a bearing ring H, and on the shaft by, another bearing
ring H', is a bracket bearing H2, carrying one end of a shaft H³; one end of this shaft
has keyed to it a bevel wheel H, gearing with another bevel wheel H, the latter is
loose on shaft B2, but prevented from turning by a feather K, let into a groove K',
(see figure 9) to allow the shaft 132 to be moved for "chucking" the log. Near other end
of shaft H is a worm H, which gears with change wheels H. These wheels are carried
on a sleeve H, arranged to slide on shaft I, and held where desired by set screw Ho.
The outer end of shaft H³, is held in a sectorial bearing H, moving in corresponding
guide in pedestal frame H". The bearing H¹, being lifted or lowered by a
Screw H, and secured by clamping screw H. This arrangement enables the
worm H, to be set to engage wheels of different diameter to impart different speeds
to the shaft I, without change of speed of shaft B². On shaft I, is keyed two
worms I, I, gearing with worm wheels D³, and a bevel wheel I³, which imparts
motion to bevel wheels 1 and 1°, the former being keyed on a shaft I, which has
a bevel wheel I', at end, gearing with bevel wheel 18 keyed on a horizontal shaft Iº,
having worms I, which operate the worm wheels F³. The bevel wheel I', is keyed
on to a short shaft I", at the end of which is another bevel wheel I", gearing with
another bevel wheel 113, keyed on one end of a shaft 11 which has on the other end a
bevel wheel 1, gearing with a bevel wheel I¹, keyed on shaft J. This shaft has
worms J', which engage the worm wheels G³, to operate the vertical screws G².
To provide for the wear to the top of the curved guides D¹, the upper part is fitted
with a steel shield L, for the top of moving heads D, to bear against. This shield L,
is held by screws M, which enable the shield to be raised or lowered as required.

page_text: N, is a long roller held in carrier C³, to bear against log B, to assist in steadying the
edge of knife while cutting.
The machine is driven by the pulley O, on short shaft P, having koyed on a
pinion Q, gearing with large gear wheel R, on main driving shaft B³.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is.
1-The combination of the various parts, constructed and operating as herein before
described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, forming a machine for the
purposes stated.
2 In machinery for the purposes stated, the combination with longitudinal and
circumferential incisers, long knife C, knife carrier C, and moving heads D, of the
curved guides D₁, straight screws D³, suitably turned, slides D*, and pivottod
blocks D³, as and for the purposes described.
3-In machinery for the purposes stated, the combination with the shaft B³, of the
bracket H2, held by rings H, and H³, shaft H³, bevel wheels H, H³, worm H³,
change worm wheels 11, sleeve H³, screw H³, sectorial bearing H10, frame H",
screw H and shaft I, all substantially as and for the purposes described.
4-In machinery for the purposes stated, a circumferential incisor consisting of a
loose running shaft G, finely screw threaded throughout its length, (journal ends
excepted), circular knives G, and screw nuts G³, as and for the purposes described.
Dated this 1st day of June 1888.