CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF SIZING AND DRESSING YARNS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPA- BATUS FOR PERFORMING THE SAME
Year: 1847

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
TODD, of Holcomb Brook, near Bury, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-fourth day of February, in the tenth year of Her reign,
and in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Todd, Her ospecial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said William Todd, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and
such others as I, the said William Todd, my executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE METHOD OF SIZING AND DRESSING YARNS, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPA-
BATUS FOR PERFORMING THE SAME;" in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso that I, the said William Todd, shall cause a particular description
of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Todd, do hereby declare, that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained by the Drawings hereto annexed, and the following expla-
nation thereof (that is to say):-
My Improvements in the Method of Sizing and Dressing Yarns, and in the
Machinery or Apparatus for performing the same, consist,
Firstly, in a certain novel and peculiar method of sizing the yarns, either
in the cop, upon the bobbin, or upon the yarn, beam, or roller, without the
necessity of unwinding-the-same, and also in the apparatus for effecting the
same.
Secondly, in an improved method of drying the yarn during the process of
winding, and in the machinery or apparatus for performing the same; and
Thirdly, in the peculiar arrangement of creels and machinery or apparatus
for performing the operations of warping and beaming the yarns ready for
the loom. By which said improvements à great saving of yarn is effected, the
number of warp threads can be more readily changed, and both time and
labor in the several processes is greatly economized.
"The method of carrying my said improvements into practical effect will be
fully explained and more readily understood upon referring to the two Sheets
of Drawings accompanying these Presents, which represent several views of
the same (showing their particular mode of application and use), and are
marked with figures and letters of reference corresponding with those in the
following description thereof, the red lines representing the yarn or thread
in all the Figures.,
x. 1,
In Sheet 1, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the machinery or apparatus
to be. employed for sizing the yarn, either in the cop, upon the bobbin, or
upon the beam, being drawn to a scale of about one inch to the foot. a, a, is
the cistern or trough for boiling and preparing the size in the ordinary manner
by means of steam issuing from the perforated pipe b, b, being admitted by
the stopcock c, c. The yarn to be sized is placed in the cistern d, d, which
is supported by the frame e, e. The cistern d, d, is furnished with a close-
fitting lid f,f, which is screwed down by the screw clamp 9, 9, so as to render
the cistern d, d, air tight. The air in the said cistern is then to be exhausted,
which is effected in the following manner-Rotary motion being given to the
driving h, h (by means of a strap or belt passing around the pulley I), is
communicated to the piston of the air pump 1, by means of the crank m and
connecting rod n. When the interior of the cistern d, d, has thus been suffi-
ciently exhausted, the communication between the air pump and the cistern d
.

page_text: is closed by the stopcock c. The communication between the cisterns a, a
and d, d, is then opened by means of the stopcock p, p, and the boiling
size is allowed to rush from the cistern a into the cistern d, under the pressure
of the outward atmosphere. After a short time the stopcock 9 is opened,
which, by admitting air, allows the superfluous size to flow back into the
cistern a, and afterwards the lid f. f, is taken off, and the yarn withdrawn.
Figure 2 (Sheet 1) is an end elevation of my improved arrangement of
machinery or apparatus for drying and winding the yarns. Figure 8 is a
front elevation of the driving end, and Figure 4 is a plan or horizontal view
of the same, as seen from above, being drawn to a scale of about two inches
to the foot. a, a, is the main framing of the apparatus supporting in suitable
pedestals the hollow drying cylinder b, b, which is to be heated by steam, hot
air, or otherwise. The cylinder b, b, is constructed with indented grooves c, c,
for the admission of the bobbin heads, so that the barrel of the bobbin (or
that part upon which the yarn is wound) shall lie in contact with the heated
cylinder b, b. The bobbins d, d, d; d, are arranged over the upper parts of
the periphery of the cylinder b, b, the ends of their pegs or skewers being
placed in the inclined slots or grooves e, e, e, e, in the curved frames f.f.ƒƒ
which slots allows the bobbins to rise as their diameter increases. The
threads or yarns pass from the wet cops g, g. 9. g, through the guides h, h, h, h,
and brushes i, i, i, i (by which the fibres are laid), over the guides k, k, k, k,
to the bobbins d, d, d, d. Rotary motion is to be communicated to the main
driving shaft l, l, by means of a strap or belt passing around the pulley m,
The spur pinion n upon the driving shaft, gearing into the spur wheel o,
attached to the cylinder b, b, drives the said cylinder, which causes all the
bobbins in contact with the cylinder to revolve and wind on the yarn. It will
be seen that the guides k, k, k, k, are mounted in the frame p, p, p, p, which
is caused to traverse, so as to lay the yarn on to the bobbins evenly from end
to end in the following manner:-Upon the driving shaft 1, 1, is a worm q,
driving a worm wheel r, keyed upon the shaft s, upon which the cam t is also
fixed, which gives a slow traversing motion to the frame p, which carries the
guides) by pressing against the stud . v is a pulley keyed upon the shafts,
and having a strap and weight w attached to it, which as soon as the extreme
point of the cam t has passed the stud u, by its own gravity will draw the
framing p with the stud u again into contact with the cam t, thus it will be
seen, that the slow traverse is only in one direction, which allows the yarn
more time to dry during its contact with the cylinder.
In Sheet 2, Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, shewing my improved
arrangement of creels, and also the machinery or apparatus for warping and

page_text: "
beaming; and Figure 2 is a plan or horizontal view of the same drawn to a
scale of about one inch to the foot. a, a, are the creels or shelves for con-
taining the bobbins b, b, b, b, which are mounted upon pegs or skewers. The
creels are furnished with guide wires c, c, c, c, the rows of bobbins and guides
being so placed as to allow the threads to draw off and pass to the comb d, d,
clear of each other, the sheets of warp threads passing over and under the
rollers e, 6.
Any or all of the creels may be raised and lowered when
required by means of cords or chains f, f, passing over pullies g, g, being
wound upon the shafts h, h, by means of the winch handles i, i, to which the
ratchet wheels k, k, are attached, the catches being fixed to the framing.
One of these creels is to be placed at each side of the beaming apparatus, the
main framing of which is represented at 1, 1, 1, 1. The threads or ends from
the said creels (a portion of which are only shewn in the Figures) pass
through the reeds m, m, to the healds n, n, which are mounted with winches
and ratchet wheels o, o, for the purpose of raising the same when taking the
"lease
or cross shed. p, p, are rollers over which the yarn passes, and thence
under the rollers q, q, and upwards, through the reed r, r, over the rollers 8, 8,
to the beam t. The beam t is caused to revolve means of a strap con-
nected to the stud u, fixed in the disc v, which is actuated in the following
manner-Rotary motion is to be communicated to the main driving shaft w
(by means of a strap passing around the pulley ), and by means of the bevil
wheels y, y, to the upright shafts. This shaft carries the conical pulley 1
which drives a similar pulley 2 by means of a strap. The pulley 2 is mounted
upon a shaft 8, at the upper end of which is a worm 4, driving a worm
wheel 5, keyed upon a short shaft (working. in the socket 6), upon which the
disc is fixed. The proper differential speed, so as to take up the same
quantity of yarn as the diameter of the beam increases, is communicated to
the said beam as follows:-7 is an upright screwed shaft, working through a
nut in the boss of the forked strap guide 8, which shaft is caused to revolve,
and thus alter the position of the strap upon the conical pullies 1 and 2, by.
means of a worm upon the end of the roller q, taking into a worm wheel upon
the shaft 7, which shaft may also be turned by means of handle thereon. A
reciprocating motion is given to the reed r, r, for the more complete filling of
the yarn beam by the following means:-There is a small pinion 9 attached
to the boss of the disc v, driving a wheel 10, having upon its boss a small
disc 11 (placed at an angle of about 70° to its axis) the circumference of which
works in the forked end of a lever. 12, which works upon a stud 18, and
carries at its other end the reed r, r, the position of which may be adjusted by
means of the handle upon the screw 14, which works through a nut in the

page_text: stud 13. Upon the end of the roller q' is keyed a bevil wheel, which gears
into a bevil wheel upon the small upright shaft 15, upon which is keyed a
worm, which works into a wormwheel for measuring the yarn, and giving an
alarm, when the beam is full, by ringing the bell 16.
Figure 8 is a plan or horizontal view of the measuring and marking appa-
ratus. 17, 17, are two small rollers geared to the wormwheel aforesaid, and
working in a trough 18, containing color, the lower one being partially
immersed in the color in the trough, and furnishing a sufficient quantity to the
upper one. When the yarn beam is full, and the bell rings, the top of the
bell lever 19 presses a portion of the yarn against the upper roller 17, which
imports to it a patch of color.
Figure 4, Sheet 2, is an elevation; Figure 5, a section; and Figure 6, a
plan view, of one end of another arrangement of creel to be used in connection
with the winding-on or warping frame, being drawn to a scale of about one
inch and a half to a foot. a, a, is the creel or frame in which the bobbins
b, b, b, b, are laid horizontally 'upon pegs or skewers. The threads being
guided by the wires c, c, c, c, pass over the rollers or pullies, and through the
two combs d, d, over the roller e, to the yarn beam. The formation of the
combs d, d, is best seen in the enlarged view, Figure 7, every alternate dent
being partially closed, and the closed dent of the one le'ng placed opposite to
the open dent of the other. The lease or cross shed is taken by raising the
combs by means of the racks and pinions f, f. The creels a, a, are mounted
upon hinges g, g, for the purpose of allowing them to open for creeling or
piecing up, and close afterwards. When the yarn has been sized upon the
beam, as many of the wet beams as are necessary must be placed in a frame,
and the ends passed through a comb similar to that above described (or
through a fine reed with every alternate dent partially closed), for taking the
lease or cross shed, passing thence around the greater part of the circumference
of a steam cylinder, and so on to the warping apparatus.
Having now described the nature and object of my said improvements,
together with the method of carrying the same into execution, I would here
remark, that I claim as my Invention,-
Firstly, the novel method of sizing the yarn in the cop, upon the bobbin, or
upon the beam, by immersion in hot or boiling size, or otherwise, and I con-
sider the method above described the most expeditious and effective for
performing the same.
Secondly, the method of drying and winding the yarn by the bobbins or
tubes lying upon or adjacent to a heated cylinder.
And, thirdly, the apparatus employed for sizing, and the peculiar con-

page_text: struction and form of creels, together with the novel arrangement of mechanism
shewn in the Drawings, and above particularly described, to be employed for
dressing; that is, drying, winding, and warping yarns in the manner and for
the purpose herein-before set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Todd, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of August, One thousand eight
hundred and forty-seven.