Improvements in the Manufacture of Bicarbonate of Soda and in Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1887

page_text: This Specification was, upon the 2nd day of November 1888, amended under
Sections 18 to 21 of the Patents, Designs, and Trade Marks Act, 1883.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Bicarbonate of Soda and in
Apparatus therefor.
I CHARLES WIGG of Walner Buildings Water Street Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster Alkali Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
This relates to the so called soda ammonia process and consists mainly in
improvements on the apparatus for which British Letters Patent No. 3125 of the
year 1882 and No. 4436 of the year 1885 were granted to me.
Under the first part I purify brine from proto salts of iron by means of the
sulphide liquor obtained by the distillation of gas in the manufacture of lighting and
heating gases.
Under the second part. I purify sulphuric acid from arsenic by the agency of
sulphuretted hydrogen evolved from the carbonating apparatus of sola ammonia
plant and utilize the purified sulphuric acid for the production of sulphate of
ammonia.
Under the third part 1 combine with the apparatus set forth in the said specifi-
cations separate vessels in which brine for use in the absorbers or carbonaters is
prepared by the solution of common salt in water.
Under the fourth part 1 provide the absorbers or carbonaters with a three way
cock and suitable connections for the admission of steam and gas to the said
absorbers or carbonaters and for discharging the contents thereof.
Under the fifth part. I provide the absorbers or carbonaters with appliances at the
top for causing the water to flow over the exterior thereof and with collectors near
the bottom to carry off the waste water.
Under the sixth part. 1 provide electrical apparatus for indicating the temperature
of the contents of the absorbers and carbonaters.
Dated this 28th day of June 1887.

page_text: Apparatus therefor.
I CHARLES WIGG of Walmer Buildings Water Street Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster Alkali Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the so called soda ammonia process and consists mainly
in improvements on the apparatus for which British Letters Patent No. 8125 of the
year 1882, and No. 4486 of the year 1885 were granted to me.
Under the first port: I purity bring in the saturators from prote sults of iron by
means of the sulphide liquor obtained by the distillation of gas waterproduced in the
manufacture of lighting and henting gases. Sufficient-sulphide and carbonate of
ammonia being distilled into the saturator to cause complete precipitation. The
ammoniacal brine is then allowed to clarify by stumding and subsidence or in any
other way.
Under the second first part. I purify sulphuric acid from arsenic by the agency of
sulphuretted hydrogen evolved from the carbonating apparatus of soda ammonia plant
when a process evolving sulphuretted hydrogen is used and utilize the purified
sulphuric acid for the production of white sulphate of aumonia. The sulphuretted
hydrogen is caused to pass into the sulphuric acid in any convenient vessel until the
arsenic is precipitated, after which the purified acid is decanted, and used for the
production of sulphate of ammonia in any usual way.
Under the third second part. I combine with the apparatus setforth in the specifi-
cations to the said patents separate vessels in which brine for use in the absorbers or
carbonaters is prepared by the solution of common salt in water.
Under the forth third part. I provide the absorbers or carbonaters with a three
way cock and suitable connections for the admission of steam and gas to the said
absorbers or carbonaters and for discharging the contents thereof.
Under the fifth fourth part. I provide the absorbers or carbonaters with appliances
at the top for causing water to flow over the exterior thereof, and with collectors near
the bottom to carry off the waste water.
Fig. 1 is an elevation, and fig. 2 a plan of apparatus illustrative of the second third
and fourth und-fifth parts of my invention. carbonaters connected by pipes and
valves so as to act in series as setforth in the specifications before mentioned the
main difference being that internal water containing beaters are not used, and that
the carbonates a¹ are only receive the weakest gases containing the residual carbonic
acid. e are the vessels connected to the carbonaters a¹ by pipes and valves & in which
the brine is saturated with ammonia as setforth in the before mentioned specifications.
e is the separate vessel under the third second part in which salt is dissolved in water
and the vessels in which the brine is purified and the impurities allowed to subside

page_text: pipe
before the said brine is run into the absorbers and carbonaters. are pipes and
valves connecting the vessels and to the absorbers c. Under the fourth third part.
h are three way cocks connected to the blow off valves of the carbonaters and to
pipes j, k, 1. The pipe is connected to a water supply, k to a gas supply pipe and
to a steam generator. n lime kiln. pipes leading from the limekiln and
leading from furnaces by which carbonic is supplied through towers to pump and
reservoir & according as it is convenient to obtain the carbonic acid from a limekiln
from furnaces or both pipe from the reservoirs to the perforated heaters in the
carbonaters. The filtered carbonate is conveyed to furnaces by elevators or con-
veyers or as may be found convenient: Under the fifth fourth part u is a pipe fitted
with roses or sprinklers for causing water to flow over the tops of the carbonaters a.
e are collectors fixed to the carbonaters in which the water flowing over the surface
of the said carbonaters collects, and from which it is conveyed away by means of a
pump or otherwise for reuse. Steam water and gas are admitted to the carbonaters
through the three way cock when it is necessary to remove any deposit or for.
other purposes.
Under the sixth fifth part I provide the absorbers and carbonaters with any of the
usual electrical apparatus for indicating temperature.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is.
First. Purifying brine from proto sults of iron substantially in the manner and for
the purpose setforth.
Seco First. Purifying and utilizing sulphuric acid substantially as setforth under
the second first part.
Third Second. The combination of apparatus setforth under the third second
part.
Fourth Third. The combination with absorbers or carbonaters of three way cocks
substantially in the manner and for the purposes setforth.
Fifth Fourth. The combination with carbonaters of a water supply and collectors
for the purpose setforth.
Sixth Fifth. The combination of apparatus under my invention with temperature
indicating appliances substantially as setforth.
Dated this 28th day of March 1888.
JAMES JOHNSON,
Agent.

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1887
Complete Left, 29th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 11th May, 1888
Apparatus therefor.
I CHARLES WIGG of Walmer Buildings Water Street Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster Alkali Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to he
as follows:
:-
This relates to the so called soda ammonia process and consists mainly in
improvements on the apparatus for which British Letters Patent No. 3125 of the
year 1882 and No. 4436 of the year 1885 were granted to me.
Under the first part I purify brine from proto salts of iron by means of the
sulphide liquor obtained by the distillation of gas in the manufacture of lighting and
beating gases.
Under the second part I purify sulphuric acid from arsenic by the agency of
sulphuretted hydrogen evolved from the carbonating apparatus of soda ammonia
plant and utilize the purified sulphuric acid for the production of sulphate of
amnionia.
Under the third part I combine with the apparatus set forth in the said specifi-
cations separate vessels in which brine for use in the absorbers or carbonaters is
prepared by the solution of common salt in water.
Under the fourth part I provide the absorbers or carbonaters with a three way
cock and suitable connections for the admission of steam and gas to the said
absorbers or carbonaters and for discharging the contents thereof.
Under the fifth part. I provide the absorbers or carbonaters with appliances at the
top for causing the water to flow over the exterior thereof and with collectors near
the bottom to carry off the waste water.
Under the sixth part. I provide electrical apparatus for indicating the température.
of the contents of the absorbers and carbonaters.
13331

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Bicarbonate of Soda and in
Apparatus therefor.
I CHARLES WIG of Walmer Buildings Water Street Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster Alkali Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
-
This invention relates to the so called soda ammonia process and consists mainly
in improvements on the apparatus for which British Letters Patent No. 3125 of the
year 1882, and No. 4436 of the year 1885 were granted to me.
Under the first part. I purify brine in the saturators from proto salts of iron by
means of the sulphide liquor obtained by the distillation of gas water produced in the
manufacture of lighting and heating gases. Sufficient sulphide and carbonate of
ammonia being distilled into the saturator to cause complete precipitation. The
ammoniacal brine is then allowed to clarify by standing and subsidence or in any
other way.
Under the second part. I purify sulphuric acid from arsenic by the agency of
sulphuretted hydrogen evolved from the carbonating apparatus of soda ammonia plant
when a process evolving sulphuretted hydrogen is used and utilize the purified
sulphuric acid for the production of white sulphate of ammonia. The sulphuretted
hydrogen is caused to pass into the sulphuric acid in any convenient vessel until the
arsenic is precipitated, after which the purified acid is decanted, and used for the
production of sulphate of ammonia in any usual way.
Under the third part. I combine with the apparatus setforth in the specifications
to the said patents separate vessels in which brine for use in the absorbers or
carbonaters is prepared by the solution of common salt in water.
Under the fourth part. provide the absorbers or carbonaters with a three way
cock and suitable connections for the admission of steam and gas to the said absobers
or carbonaters and for discharging the contents thereof.
Under the fifth part. I provide the absorbers or carbonaters with appliances at
the top for causing water to flow over the exterior thereof, and with collectors near
the bottom to carry off the waste water.
Fig. 1 is an elevation, and fig. 2 a plan of apparatus illustrative of the third
fourth and fifth parts of my invention. a a carbonaters connected by pipes and
valves b so as to act in series as setforth in the specifications before mentioned the
main difference being that internal water containing beaters are not used, and that
the carbonaters a are only receive the weakest gases containing the residual carbonic
acid. c are the vessels connected to the carbonaters a¹ by pipes and valves & in which
the brine is saturated with ammonia as setforth in the before mentioned specifications.
e is the separate vessel under the third part in which salt is dissolved in water and f
the vessels in which the brine is purified and the impurities allowed to subside before the

page_text: .
said brine is run into the absorbers and carbonaters. y are pipes and valves
connecting the vessels e and f to the absorbers c. Under the fourth part. h are
three way cocks connected to the blow off valves of the carbonaters and to
pipes j, k, 1. The pipe j is connected to a water supply, k to a gas supply pipe and
to a steam generator. n lime kiln. pipes leading from the limekiln and p pipe
leading from furnaces by which carbonic is supplied through towers to pump r and
reservoir s according as it is convenient to obtain the carbonic acid from a limekiln
from furnaces or both t pipe from the reservoirs to the perforated beaters in the
carbonaters. The filtered carbonate is conveyed to furnaces by elevators or con-
veyers or as may be found convenient: Under the fifth part u is a pipe fitted with
roses or sprinkles for causing water to flow over the tops of the carbonaters a.
vare collectors fixed to the carbonaters in which the water flowing over the surface
of the said carbonaters collects, and from which it is conveyed away by means of a
pump or otherwise for reuse. Steam water and gas are admitted to the carbonaters
through the three way cock when it is necessary to remove any deposit or for
other purposes.
Under the sixth part I provide the absorbers and carbonaters with any of the
usual electrical apparatus for indicating temperature.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is,
First. Purifying brine from proto salts of iron substantially in the manner and for
the purpose setforth.
Second. Purifying and utilizing sulphuric acid substantially as setforth under the
second part.
Third. The combination of apparatus setforth under the third part.
Fourth. The combination with absorbers or carbonaters of three way cocks sub-
stantially in the manner and for the purposes setforth.
Fifth. The combination with carbonaters of a water supply and collectors for the
purpose setforth.
Sixth. The combination of apparatus under my invention with temperature
indicating appliances substantially as setforth.
Dated this 28th day of March 1888.