Improvements in or relating to Water Circulating Apparatus for Steam Boilers.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct., 1892
Complete Specification Left. 31st July, 1893-Accepted, 2nd Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Water Circulating Apparatus for
Steam Boilers.
I, DONALD BARNS MORISON of Hartlepool Engine Works, Hartlepool, in the
County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
When the water spaces at the lower parts of two or more steam boilers are
connected in the usual manner by a pipe that is also connected to a water circulator,
as for example a donkey pump, for the purpose of drawing water-from the bottoms
of the boilers and returning it to the upper parts thereof in order to circulate the
water and facilitate its being uniformly heated, there is liability if from any cause
the steam pressure in one boiler rises above that in the other or others, of the water
being wholly withdrawn from the boiler of higher pressure and returned to the
boiler or boilers of lower pressure with the result that serious accidents are liable
to take place.
This constitutes a danger long recognized, especially by marine engineers, and
necessitates the exercise of care and attention to prevent the occurrence of accidents
when such water circulating apparatus is in action.
The object of this invention is to obviate the evil above referred to and to render
the working of water circulating apparatus whether of the kind referred to, or of
any other kind, perfectly safe and certain by preventing the water from being
drawn from either boiler below a predeterminate and safe level.
For this purpose instead of withdrawing the water through a pipe directly
connected with the lower parts of the boilers in the manner heretofore usual, I
withdraw it from each boiler through a pipe that is so arranged within or without
the boiler that its open lower end terminates in the water space near the bottom or
other part of the boiler from which water is to be drawn, whilst its upper open end
terminates at a point above the normal water level, that is to say in the steam
space of the boiler, the outlet of such pipe to which the circulating apparatus is
connected being located at a suitable and short distance below the normal water
level and above the highest heating surface.
By this means it will be seen that under no circumstances can the level of the
water in either boiler be drawn by the water circulating apparatus to a point below
the lateral outlet of such pipe.
The apparatus thus arranged may advantageously be used in conjunction with
feed water heating and water circulating apparatus of the kind referred to in the
Specification of another application for Letters Patent filed by me dated 30 July
1892 No. 13923 according to which hot water is taken from the boiler and mixed
with the feed water before it enters the boiler. Or pipes arranged as described
may be used in connection with water circulating apparatus in which the circulation
is effected by means of a donkey pump, as when raising steam; or they may be
used in connection with a steam jet for circulating purposes; or with any other
suitable device for circulating water in steam boilers.
Dated this 31st day of October 1892
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant

page_text: .
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Water Circulating Apparatus for
Steam Boilers.
I, DONALD BARNS MORISON of Hartlepool Engine Works, Hartlepool, in the
County of Durham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
When the water spaces at the lower parts of two or more steam boilers are connected
in the usual manner by a pipe that is also connected to a water circulator, as for
example a donkey pump, for the purpose of drawing water from the bottoms of the
boilers and returning it to the upper parts thereof in order to circulate the water
and facilitate its being uniformly heated, there is liability if from any cause the
steam pressure in one boiler rises above that in the other or others, of the water
being wholly withdrawn from the boiler of higher pressure and returned to the
boiler or boilers of lower pressure with the result that serious accidents are liable
to take place.
This constitutes a danger long recognized, especially by marine engineers, and
necessitates the exercise of care and attention to prevent the occurrence of
accidents when such water circulating apparatus is in action.
The object of this invention is to obviate the evil above referred to and to
render the working of water circulating apparatus whether of the kind referred to
or of any other kind, perfectly safe and certain by preventing the water from
being drawn from either boiler below a predeterminate and safe level.
For this purpose instead of withdrawing the water through a pipe directly
connected with the lower parts of the boilers in the manner heretofore usual, I
withdraw it from each boiler through a pipe that is so arranged within or without
the boiler that its open lower end terminates in the water space near the bottom or
other part of the boiler from which water is to be drawn, whilst its upper open
end terminates at a point above the normal water level, that is to say in the steam
space of the boiler, the outlet of such pipe to which the circulating apparatus is
connected being located at a suitable and short distance below the normal water
level and preferably above the highest heating surface.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 shews in section the apparatus as applied to two boilers in which the pipes
are arranged within the boilers.
a a are the shells of the boilers; bb their combustion chambers.
c is the
normal water level in each boiler, whilst c', is a predetermined or safe level. To
the shell of each boiler is connected by a branch piece a pipe d d' open at both its
ends, the portion d being by preference of larger diameter than the portion d'.
The portion & terminates at its upper end in the steam space above the normal
water level as shown and the portion d' terminates at its lower open end in the
lower part or water space of the boiler. The pipes d d' and the branch pieces of
two boilers are connected by a connecting pipe e which is connected to each of the
branch pieces at a point corresponding to the predetermined or safe level. This
connecting pipe is furnished with non-return valves ff, and with a pipe 9 which
may be in communication with any desired apparatus as for instance a donkey pump
for circulating when raising steam or a circulator such as is described in my Patent
Specification No. 13923º.
Fig. 2 shows a modification of the foregoing in which the pipes are arranged
outside the boiler.
In other respects this arrangement is similar to that already described with
reference to Fig. 1.
As will be evident any desired number of boilers may be connected in the manner
set forth and by the means described it will be seen that under no circumstances
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page_text: can the level of the water in either boiler be reduced by the water circulating
apparatus to a point below the lateral outlet of the pipe d d¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Water circulating apparatus for steam boilers comprising for each boiler a
pipe opening at its upper end into the boiler above the normal water level and at
its lower end opening into the boiler in the water space these pipes having an
outlet located at a suitable predetermined distance below the normal water level
and connected to circulating apparatus.
2. The apparatus described and shewn for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 31st day of July 1893.
W. Lloyd Wise,
D. B. MORISON.
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.