Year: 1899

page_text: We, JOHN HUSSEY COOPER and JAMES WILSON COOPER, of Wheatley, Oxford-
shire, Brickmakers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
A continuous kiln composed of two parallel lines of chambers and connected
at the two ends by a chamber. The design of these end chambers is in order
to burn perfectly all the goods therein. Openings or wickets are left in the
exterior walls for the purpose of filling and emptying the chambers. Halfway
across the chambers a grating is laid of short fire bars on which the fuel is
thrown by means of a fire hole which is left in the wall in which is set an iron
frame and door for opening & closing the aperture.
By the arrangement of flues employed for each compartment the draught is
always maintained in an equal manner along the two sides of each chamber,
this being an important point. The openings made in the roof serve to
feed & control the fire as well as to draw off, as may be desired, the heat from
the bricks whilst cooling. The main flue is outside the chambers and the
draught is regulated by a damper in each chamber. The steam flues are con-
nected to all the chambers by an opening in the crown of same and regulated
by a damper and are to take away the steam from the green bricks. The
advantages of these flues are to take the steam from the top instead of allowing
it to travel through the bricks to the bottom.
Two buck stays and 1 tie rod are provided for each chamber and fixed in the
usual manner.
The material in chambers of kiln would be dried and burned as follows:-
:-
Supposing chambers 123 cooling 4 5 6 7 firing 8 9 10 drying 11 12 filling 13 14
emptying. The steam from chambers 8 9 10 would be taken through the flues
leading from top of chambers down through the side walls to main steam flues
direct to chimney. The damper in main flue would be opened the same time
to allow the steam to escape to chimney. When chambers 8 9 10 are dried and
chamber 11 is filled the position of the dampers would be removed one chamber
forward and so on as drying & burning progressed.
Immediately the heat in the kiln is sufficient to consume the fuel the fire
holes in the side walls would be closed & the coal thrown in from the top feed
holes provided for that purpose.
Dated 7th day of January 1800
JOHN HUSSEY COOPER,
JAMES WILSON COOPER,
Applicants.

page_text: We, JOHN HUSSEY COOPER and JAMES WILSON COOPER, The Red House,
Wheatley, Oxfordshire, Brickmakers, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement: —
This invention relates to a continuous chamber kiln, and has for its object to
improve the construction, and increase the efficiency of the same. In carrying
out our invention we provide in addition to the ordinary down draught flue.
a flue connected with each chamber of the kiln by an opening in the side of
the same, whereby the fire can be drawn upward when required, the said opening
being controlled by a damper. The other end of each flue is connected with a
steam or smoke flue. We employ this also to take the waste heat from the
cooling chambers. Instead of being brought into the top of chambers the waste
heat is brought into the bottom of the chambers in which green bricks or other
goods have been placed. Also we employ the bottom fires in conjunction with
the top fed fires. To enable our invention to be fully understood we will describe
how it can be carried into practise by reference to the accompanying drawings;
in which Figure 1 is a plan in section of eighteen chambers showing main flues
on plan.
Figure 2 is a plan at top of kiln showing feed holes and steam flues dampers.
Figure 3 is a side elevation showing door ways to kiln and fire holes and stays
also main flue to stack. Figure 4 is a transverse section through the centre
portion of the kiln showing tie rods, main flues, steam flues, ash pits, and bottom
fire holes. Figure 5 is a portion of side elevation showing door to kiln and
bottom fire hole and stays to kiln.
Similar letters of reference indicate similar or corresponding parts where they
occur in the several views.
The kiln is provided with a suitable number of chambers similar to A and
communicate at each end by return chambers similar to B.
C is the steam flue and hot air flue alternately and controlled by damper 1).
Now our improvements consists of first constructing the smoke flue K beneath
the main foundation walls in order that the capacity of the chambers may be
increased and a greater draught obtained. Chambers A and the returning
chambers B are provided with a smoke outlet flue K which is controlled by
damper E which leads to the respective main flue J communicating with chimney
stack N. The chambers can be dried off up or down draught by flues C and K
and controlled by dampers D and E so that the goods on bottom of chambers are
dried first thus preventing loss by squabing etc., as the drying and burning
progresses. Also we provide in addition to the top fires a small fire hole on
floor level in every alternate chamber and enclosed by door G This fire hole is
also used as a draught flue in every alternate chambers.
Suitable iron sheets S are provided to cover fire hole completely in and thus
work in conjunction with flues K controlled by dampers E. The bottom fires
are maintained on bars H in conjunction with the top fires I till such time as
the attendant may decide that the bottom fires may be discontinued and the
firing continued from the top holes till such time as another chamber is hot
enough to start fires again on the bottom firehole.
Paper screens are used at the end of each chamber which burns away as the
burning progresses.
Every chamber is stayed with iron staunchions P and tie rods R.

page_text: Z main exterior kiln walls.
I do not confine myself to the exact shape or configuration of parts shown on
drawings but may vary them slightly while not departing from my said invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
(1.) The combination of the bottom and top fires in a continuous kiln thereby
allowing the admission of atmospheric air through bottom fire hole at floor
level.
(2.) Improved draught arrangement by direct communication with main flue
to stack thereby avoiding all angles in flues.
(3.) No flues beneath kiln floors and simplicity in damper arrangements.
Dated this in day or November 1899.
JOHN HUSSEY COOPER,
JAMES WILSON COOPER,
Applicants.
JOHN HUSSEY COOPER,
JAMES WILSON COOPER,
Applicants.