Improvements in Wicks and Burners for Lamps, Stoves, and like Apparatus.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 31st Oct., 1894-Accepted, 25th Jan., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wicks and Burners for Lamps, Stoves, and like
Apparatus.
We WILLIAM JOHN CLAPP of 33 York Place Newport in the County of
Monmouth Surgeon and WILLIAM SANDBROOK of Ebbw Vale in the County of
Monmouth Ironmonger do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in wicks and specially constructed
burners for samne to be used in lamps stoves or other articles in which mineral or
other oils either separately or in combination are burnt by means of a wick or by
the compression of the material or substance to be used either in giving light or
heat.
We employ for same "slag wool" by itself contained in a receptacle or burner
having at its bottom portion perforations reaching to the oil well and suitable
means to be adopted for raising and lowering the slag wool when necessary.
We also employ slag wool in the same manner for use in stoves.
We may also employ the said slag wool either by itself or in combination with
some other material or substance to form wicks or compressed as may be required
for lamps lanterns and stoves in which light or light and heat is required. When
made into a wick, to be raised in the ordinary way, also be lowered, or enclosed in
a fixed frame to which there is an outside frame for raising and lowering of the
light as desired.
The above is applicable to every kind of single, double, round, flat, oval or other
shape of wick that may be required.
We also in the preparation of the slag wool may use in combination therewith
asbestos or cther similar material or substance.
Dated this 23rd day of January 1894.
WILLIAM JOHN CLAPP.
W. SANDBROOK.
Improvements in Wicks and Burners for Lamps, Stoves, and like
Apparatus.
We WILLIAM JOHN CLAPP of 26 York Place Newport in the County of
Monmouth Surgeon and WILLIAM SANDBROOK of Ebbw Vale in the same county
Ironmonger, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in wicks and specially constructed
burners for same to be used in lamps stoves and like apparatus in which mineral or
other oils either separately and in combination are burnt by means of a wick or by

page_text: the compression of "slag wool" or a silicate.cotton either by itself or in combina-
tion therewith, asbestos or other similar substance or material to be used either in
giving light or heat. The wick is made from "slag wool" either by itself or in
combination therewith asbestos or other similar substance or material, such wick
being made by being woven or spun or encased in any suitable material or substance
which will be fit for "slag wool" by itself or combination as may be required.
The casing can be made from a material called lama wool and mohair or any of
the known materials used for wicks. The said materials before being used as a
casing should be placed in a strong solution of equal proportions of tugstate of
soda and burnt alum or a solution of ammonia chloride of platinum or any similar
fireproofing chemicals as well as from a material produced from spun glass also
nickel, aluminium copper, and electro plate gauzes forming suitable covering for
the slag wool by itself or in combination with asbestos or similar materials or
substance of the same nature as slag wool. Before using the slag wool must be
thoroughly dried and then freed from all the large grit it may contain and the
longest fibres of slag wool that is manufactured should be obtained. Moulds made
of tin or other suitable material for the various sizes of wick are to be used for the
slag wool itself or combination to be pressed into to form size and shape. When
the slag wool itself has been formed into the size and shape of wick required or
with the other combination as described being pressed in the moulds by suitable
pressure then the materials or substances having gone through the process of fire-
proofing as already stated and after being perfectly dried the contents of the
mould that has the slag wool itself or similar combination to be carefully placed on
this fireproof material made of sufficient length and size to cover the contents of
this wick so formed this being completed and then be sewn in certain longitudinal
divisions by a suitable machine also across the top and bottom portions, this is
again to be saturated with the fireproof solution after it has been so done must be
perfectly dried and is then ready for use. Some of the fine dust powder from the
slag wool should be dusted over the wicks upper and lower longitudinal sides after
its second saturation before being dried by any suitable heat, the outsides of wick
having by this a coating of the properties of the slag wool added to its fireproof
qualities. The wick then to be placed in a clip or holder made of tin or other
suitable metal being of the length and width as well as thickness to receive the
wick and the top of this clipholder for this wick it is necessary to carry out our
said invention to have arrangements of the kind for the prevention of the wick
portion being injured in which the cog or other suitable wheels work it upwards
and downwards as required in burner. This clip holder as a ratchet extending
from the top surrounding the clip to the bottom portion of clip holder for wick
which also has a small surrounding band attached to it so that the ratchet portion
of the clip is attached securely to the upper outlet for wick also to its lower
surrounding band on the side that will go into the fixed burner of lamp stoves or
similar apparatus also there is to be a plain connecting portion between the upper
and lower portions of clip or holder of wick on the opposite side of the ratchet
already described. On each side of the ratchet it is to be bent sufficiently to allow
the wick to pass through a small channel the same size as well as thickness to
enable the wick to be securely clipped and kept in its position when being worked
upwards or downwards and protecting the wick and its contents and coverings
being in any way damaged the wick then being fixed in its place in the lamp stove
or like apparatus with its protecting clip or holder with its ratchet portion being
in position for inner cog or other similar wheels in the interior of the burner the
said wick so secured to the ratchet clip or holder can easily be worked by the
wheel arrangements connecting to the outside portion by the shaft with round
button head to work the aforesaid wick by its clip fastening up or down its inside
place of burner. This will be beneficial to regularity of the wick protection and
freedom of working on account of its (the wicks) construction and the liability of
this wick being torn without having the above means as to carry it safely up and
· down burner a gauze cap to be constructed of suitable fireproof metal or substance

page_text: can also be applied to the top part of the wick having continuing down each side
of the slag wool or its combination wick previously to be secured in its protecting
clip or holder before being placed in its proper position of the interior of holder
this will enable any dust to be removed as well as prevent the wicks being injured
not only making its adaptability and usefulness of the wick to all lamps stoves or
like apparatus but especially for miners and all safety lamps so as to enable the
mineral oils to be used without the least danger this wick being so constructed will
be found to be non-explosive and a non-conductor of heat to reservoir as well as
indestructible in its combination as any lamp stove or like apparatus may be blown
out without danger in any way.
All burners for these wicks must have the tops through which the flame appears
when the wick is lighted if not movable must be made so for the purpose of dusting
as required gently only the top wick at its outlet which only requires to be on a
level with the uppermost portion of the wick receptacle in burner and readily gives
a brilliant and a non-smokeless light so long as oil is in the reservoir of lamp stove
or like apparatus. The burner itself can be made so that it may be filled by slag
wool or similar combination as stated for wicks. This is by having the slag wool
put into a top cap of gauze having two connected side strips and this placed on
ratchet clip all its length with slag wool & secured by a bottom cap.
The slag
wool or combinations can be compressed as follows:-Moulds of the required shape
and size having been obtained in these must be placed at the bottom and inner
portion which is to be made moveable so as to allow the contents to be pushed out
when the mould is ready placed some tough paper as a lining then put in it a layer
of slag wool itself or combination then when filled with the thickness required place
a very thin layer of parafin wax then another layer of slag wool or its combination
and so on alternately until you have the thickness required then use compression.
Of course the length and thickness will depend on what size you have the moulds
made then you merely after using the necessary pressure turn the mould bottom
uppermost which will discharge the contents and will be the means of keeping the
same together for placing readily in any of the casings described. These wicks
with burners either kind being made will be found to give a brilliant light good
heat and no smoke and be perfectly safe in every respect when used.
The accompanying diagrams represent some of the various arrangements and
apparatus we employ in carrying out our invention into practice.
The wicks No. 1 and No. 2 may be made any size, length, width and breadth as
required for use in the burners of lamps stoves and the like, as well as the burners
and clip-holders in Nos. 4 and 5, may be constructed accordingly as to size, shape,
length and breadth.
Fig. 1, is a wick encased with a fireproof material, composed of slag wool or a
silicate cotton, or can have asbestos or similar substance in combination or may be
woven into a wick by the slag wool being amalgamated with a suitable quantity of
any material that can be chemically made fireproof as before described, but this
must be done after it has been woven into the form of wick required.
°
Fig. 2, is a wick encased in an electro-plated or other suitable gauze, having in
its interior slag wool or silicate cotton, and may have asbestos or similar substance
as described in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3, represents two views (front view a-side sectional view b) of the clip-
holder for wick, with a ratchet bar being worked by turning the ratchet wheel (g).
e, e is the case in which the wick and ratchet bar work, and (c) and (d) are top and
bottom clips for keeping the clip-holder rigid.
Fig. 4, shows the clip-holder and ratchet-wheel in position in the burner.
Fig. 5, shows a perforated metal casement, which screws into the burner, and
encases the whole of the arrangement for containing any of the various wicks
described, and (1) represents a movable top for the burner.
We therefore having given a full description of our said invention, and the
mode we can carry the same into effect, would have it understood that we do not

page_text: claim the various arrangements of the lamps stoves or like apparatus separately
considered, but we claim the arrangements and combination of means or apparatus
for wicks and burners for lamps stoves and like apparatus as herein described.
Dated 16th November 1894.
WILLIAM JOHN CLAPP.
WILLIAM SANDBROOK.