Improvements in Steam Generators.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 16th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 16th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators.
I, JAMES MACDONALD STRATTON of 13 Middleby Street Edinburgh in the
County of Mid-Lothian, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows :-
My invention relates to improvements in steam generators, and has for its object
to enable a section of the generator which has become defective by reason of the
breaking of a tube or otherwise to be readily cut out, thereby enabling the
generator to be usefully worked until the necessary repairs can be effected.
For this purpose I form the front and back of the generator of a number of vertical
or inclined water tubes or tube boxes of any desired shape and size, and I connect
the front and back tubes or tube boxes by means of a series of tubes of any suitable
size and shape, which lie with an upward inclination to the back or front of the
boiler as the case may be.
Within each of these inclined tubes I place another inclined tube which constitutes
a combustion chamber, a water space being provided between the two tubes.
At each end of the inner tubes or combustion chambers a plate or cover is fixed,
which forms a tube plate for a number of small water tubes which run from end to
end of the combustion chamber, and open into the vertical tubes or tube boxes.
The furnace or furnaces are placed at the bottom or near to the bottom of the
generator, and the flames and products of combustion are first led directly into one
or more of the bottom combustion chambers and they are thence led through
suitable ways into each of the combustion chambers before passing away to the
uptake or funnel.
Suitable doors or covers are provided opposite each tube plate at each end of the
boiler and suitable hand holes are arranged where necessary to facilitate cleaning
the combustion chambers.
As a modification I sometimes carry the inner tubes or combustion chambers
right through the front and back tube boxes, the ends of the small water tubes in
this case being bent and fixed around the circumference of the combustion chamber
so as to open into the vertical tubes or tube boxes.
As a further modification I dispense with the vertical tubes or tube boxes, and
carry the inclined tubes surrounding the combustion chambers from end to end of
the generator.
By these means, in the event of any of the tubes becoming injured, the working
of the entire generator need not necessarily be stopped, as by opening the tube box
doors the ways connecting the combustion chambers of that section could be stopped,
or the products of combustion could be diverted into another channel.
Dated this 16th day of June 1892.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Generators.
I JAMES MACDONALD STRATTON of 13 Middleby Street Edinburgh in the
County of Mid-Lothian Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in steam generators and has for its object

page_text: primarily to enable a section of the generator which has become defective by
reason of the breaking of a tube or otherwise to be readily cut out thereby
enabling the generator to be usefully worked until the necessary repairs can be
effected.
For this purpose I form the front and back of the generator of a number of
vertical or inclined water tubes or tube boxes of any desired shape and size and I
connect the front and back tubes or tube boxes by means of a series of tubes of
any suitable size and shape which lie with an upward inclination to the back or
front of the boiler as the case may be.
Within each of these inclined tubes I place another inclined tube which
constitutes a combustion chamber a water space being provided between the two
tubes.
At each end of the inner tubes or combustion chambers a plate or cover is fixed
which forms a tube plate for a number of small water tubes which run from end to
end of the combustion chamber and open into the vertical tubes or tube boxes.
The furnace or furnaces are placed at the bottom or near the bottom of the
generator and the flames and products of combustion are first led directly into one
or more of the bottom combustion chambers and they are thence led through
suitable ways into each of the combustion chambers before passing away to the
uptake or funnel.
Suitable doors or covers are provided opposite each tube plate at each end of the
boiler and suitable hand holes are arranged where necessary to facilitate cleaning
the combustion chambers.
As a modification I sometimes carry the inner tubes or combustion chambers
right through the front and back tube boxes the ends of the small water tubes in
this case being bent and fixed around the circumference of the combustion chamber
so as to open into the vertical tubes or tube boxes.
As a further modification I dispense with the vertical tubes or tube boxes and
carry the inclined tubes surrounding the combustion chambers from end to end of
the generator.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings more fully
to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a steam generator constructed
according to my invention taken on the irregular line 1-1 of Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a front elevation thereof partly in section the section being taken on
the line 2-2 of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a vertical longitudinal section representing a slightly modified form
of steam generator.
Figure 4 is a similar view to Figure 3 but representing a further modification.
Figure 5 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 6
representing a further modification and
Figure 6 is a front elevation partly in section the section being taken on the
line 4-4 of Figure 5.
In the several figures like parts are indicated by similar letters of reference.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 the front and back of the generator are respectively
formed of a number of vertical but they might be inclined water tubes or tube
boxes a of
any
desired dimensions and the front and back tubes or tube boxes a
are connected together by means of a series of tubes 6 of any suitable size and
shape which lie with an upward inclination to the front of the generator or this
arrangement of the tubes b might be reversed if desired.
Within each of these inclined tubes 6 is placed another inclined tube c which
constitutes a combustion chamber a water space 51 being provided between the two
tubes bc and communicating with the vertical tubes or tube boxes a.
At each end of the inner tubes or combustion chambers c, a plate or cover c

page_text: is fixed, which forms a tube plate for a number of small water tubes which run
from the end of the combustion chamber c and open into the vertical tubes or tube
boxes a.
In this example each section of the generator consisting of the two end tubes or
tube boxes a and the connecting inclined tubes be is separated from the next
adjacent section by means of a brick wall e, whilst a dwarf wall e¹ is located at
the end of the generator beneath the central group of tubes band serves to
complete the furnace.
The furnace d is placed near to the bottom of the generator and beneath the
centre group of tubes bc and the flames and products of combustion are first led
through horizontal flues e in the walls e into the bottom combustion chambers c of
the side groups and through a vertical flue * into the bottom combustion chamber c
of the centre group and they are thence led through suitable ways c³ connecting
the combustion chambers c into each of such combustion chambers in turn before.
passing away to the uptake (not shown) to which they are led from the top
combustion chamber of each group by connecting flues c
Suitable doors or covers a' are provided in the outer walls of the vertical tubes a
opposite the end of each combustion chamber c to give access to the water tubes c²
and suitable hand holes such as care arranged where necessary in the walls of the
combustion chamber c in order to facilitate the cleansing thereof.
The vertical water tubes or tube boxes a at the front of the generator are all
connected by ways a² with a steam chamber a* arranged transversely of the
generator and each of the steam ways a' is fitted with a stop valve a³ by the aid of
which a defective section of the generator may be cut off from communication with
the steam chamber a* and in order to cut out the corresponding section or group
of combustion chambers c sliding plates or dampers d' actuated by rods d² and
apertured to correspond with the flues e² are employed to cut out the side sections
or groups whilst a similar damper d' is employed to close the vertical flue c³* and
thus to cut out the centre section or group of combustion chambers c.
Each section of the generator is supplied with water at its lower part by means
of a feed pipe h and this feed water must necessarily be shut off from the cut out
or isolated section.
The example given at Figure 3 represents one section of a steam generator con-
sisting of a group of three combustion chambers c and corresponding parts arranged
in vertical alignment the products of combustion from the furnace d being con-
ducted into each of the combustion chambers c in turn through ways e and c³
before passing to the uptake by a flue c*.
In this example the inner tubes or combustion chambers c are carried right
through the front and back tubes or tube boxes a and are closed by hinged doors c¹
the ends of the small water tubes c2 being bent or curved at c* so as to enter into
the vertical tubes or tube boxes a hand holes a being provided to give access to the
ends of the water tubes c².
A separate furnace d is in this case provided in connection with each section of
the generator or group of combustion chambers and it is therefore unnecessary to
employ dampers to cut out or isolate the same the drawing of the fire and cutting
off of the steam at the valve a³ and the feed water at the supply pipe h being all
that is necessary to put that section out of work.
In the example given at Figure 4 each section of the generator which is
provided with an independent furnace is formed with a vertical tube or tube box a
at the front end only whilst at the rear end thereof the inclined tubes bare carried
right to the end of the generator suitable doors 6* being provided in the ends of the
tubes 6 in order to give access to the ends of the combustion chambers c.
In the example given at Figures 5 and 6 the vertical tubes or tube boxes a are
entirely dispensed with and the inclined water tubes 6 surrounding the combustion
chambers c are carried from end to end of the generator and fitted with doors b*
whilst the other features of the generator are substantially the same as those
hereinbefore described,

page_text: By the means hereinbefore described in the event of any of the tubes becoming
injured the working of the entire generator need not necessarily be stopped as a
defective section can readily be cut out leaving the generator still workable but of
reduced power.
I would here remark that although I have described my invention in connection
with generators composed of several sections I may sometimes find it useful to form
a small generator of one of such sections in order to form a generator of small
compass but in which case the isolating means would not be needed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a steam generator the combination of two or more horizontally inclined
water tubes arranged in vertical alignment a tubular combustion chamber located
within each water tube a number of small water tubes longitudinally traversing each
combustion chamber a furnace and suitable ways leading the products of combustion
from the furnace and through each combustion chamber in turn on their way to the
uptake substantially as herein shown and described.
2. In a steam generator the combination of two or more sections each consisting
of two or more inclined water tubes arranged in vertical alignment a tubular
combustion chamber located within each water tube a number of small water tubes
longitudinally traversing each combustion chamber a furnace beneath each section
suitable ways leading the products of combustion from the furnace and through each
combustion chamber in turn on their way to the uptake and means for isolating
either section substantially as herein shown and described.
3. In a steam generator the combination of two vertical water tubes or tube boxes
two or more horizontally inclined water tubes arranged in vertical alignment and
opening into the vertical tubes or tube boxes a tubular combustion chamber located
within each water tube a number of small water tubes longitudinally traversing each
combustion chamber a furnace and suitable ways leading the products of combustion
from the furnace and through each combustion chamber in turn on their way to the
uptake substantially as herein shown and described.
4. In a steam generator the combination of two or more sections each consisting
of two vertical water tubes or tube boxes two or more horizontally inclined water
tubes arranged in vertical alignment and opening into the vertical water tubes or
tube boxes a tubular combustion chamber located within each water tube a number
of small water tubes longitudinally traversing each combustion chamber a furnace
beneath each section suitable ways leading the products of combustion from the
furnace and through each combustion chamber in turn on their way to the
uptake and meaus for isolating either section substantially as herein shown and
described.
5. In a steam generator the combination of two or more vertical sections each
consisting of two vertical water tubes or tube boxes two or more horizontally
inclined water tubes arranged in vertical alignment and opening into the vertical
water tubes or tube boxes a tubular combustion chamber located within each water
tube a number of small water tubes longitudinally traversing each combustion
chamber a furnace beneath the several sections suitable ways leading the products
of combustion from the furnace and through each combustion chamber in turn on
their way to the uptake and suitable dampers and valves for isolating either section
substantially as herein shown and described.
6. In a steam generator the combination of two vertical water tubes or tube boxes
two or more horizontally inclined water tubes arranged in vertical alignment and
opening into the vertical tubes or tube boxes a tubular combustion chamber located
within each water tube and passing through the vertical tubes to the outer walls
thereof a number of small water tubes longitudinally traversing each combustion
chamber and at their ends bent to open into the vertical tubes a furnace and
suitable ways for leading the products of combustion from the furnace and through

page_text: each combustion chamber in turn on their way to the uptake substantially as herein
shown and described.
Dated this 16th day of March 1893.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.