Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Ornamental Mouldings.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Aug., 1890-Accepted, 1st Nov.,
1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Apparatus for the Manufacture
of Ornamental Mouldings.
I, OTTO GRAETZER, of 100 Potsdamerstrasse, Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia,
and German Empire, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for the manufacture of
ornamental mouldings of any desired length and width from blocks or plates
presenting end wood to the faces that are to be ornamented or moulded and composed
of one or more kinds of wood when desired.
The methods hitherto known for the manufacture of ornamental mouldings of end
wood blocks or plates had the disadvantage that such ornamental mouldings could
not be longer than about 15 inches, as the wooden trunks from which the end-wood
plates or blocks were produced do not supply suitable wood of greater thickness.
It is very difficult to join the moulded end wood blocks well & durably, and as it
is also difficult to have the mouldings of exactly the same depth and clearness
the ornamental mouldings when thus joined together never appear satisfactory to
the eye.
Further, as in known methods of manufacture of ornamental mouldings from end
wood, special arrangements were not made to keep the wood from spreading sidewards,
the fibres when under pressure were pushed outwards, thus preventing a sharp and
clear moulding being produced.
Further, it was impossible to produce mouldings composed of various kinds of
wood and goffered mouldings by the moulding press only, thus greatly preventing
the introduction of the old methods.
The before mentioned disadvantages are thoroughly avoided by my invention.
According to my method the blocks or plates of end-wood are made in a peculiar
manner, and are strengthened so that the saine cannot spread when under pressure.
If desired these blocks by the use of suitable veneers can be pressed to form
inlaid ornamental mouldings, and they can be goffered at the same time.
My method is as follows:-
For the purpose of producing end wood blocks or plates of any desired length
and width, the trunks are cut longitudinally and planed at the sides.
In order to ensure greater durability of the joined lengths, the sides are planed
by means of a serrated plane so that such sides have grooves of more or less regularity
as may be desired.
These beams are then dried in hot air of about 50 degrees centigrade, and the
sides are painted with a thin layer of glue.
They are then put together and exposed to great hydraulic pressure so that the
beams firmly adhere together at every point.
The beams thus glued together to any desired extent and in any number are
cut across their longitudinal axis into plates or blocks of end-wood of any desired
thickness.
To enable these blocks to withstand the pressure to which they are exposed
when being moulded, veneers are glued to their backs under hydraulic pressure,
such vencers being arranged so that their grains cross. This prevents the blocks
or plates being separated at the glued joints or bent, when under pressure; it also
secures the fibres from spreading outwards.
The blocks or plates of end-wood, thus produced, are then moulded by rollers, and
under a great hydraulic pressure of 20 to 300 atmospheres.

page_text: If it is desired to produce ornamental mouldings to appear like inlaid work,
coloured woods are used of suitable thickness.
If it is desired to goffer the ornamental mouldings at their edges, the edges of the
rollers which effect the moulding are raised and sharpened so as to goffer the plates
when the latter are moulded.
The blocks or plates of end wood are moulded according to my invention, in the
press illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal view.
Figure 2 is a plan and
Figure 3 is a side elevation.
:-
In this machine I use rollers a b, which contain the endless mould by which the
blocks are to be moulded, in connection with a special table c to receive the blocks
for moulding. The table e is drawn between the rollers a and c by means of a
driving chain d, which is operated from any suitable source of power, by means of
pulleys fff either in one direction or the other.
The roller a is pivotted on a pin g of the ram of the hydraulic press. The
pressing roller is arranged on a pin of the pressing table k.
The table for the reception of the blocks to be moulded, is made of an iron
plate, and provided with cramps m, by means of which the blocks may be firmly
fixed to the plate. This table c is kept in a suitable position between the two rollers
by means of screws no o, and guiding rollers pp. The rollers ab receive a motion
corresponding to the longitudinal travel of the table c, by means of cog wheels 9, one
of which is operated in any suitable manner by the chain d. In the arrangement
shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 an intermediate gearing arrangement is provided, the
chain wheels of which enters into the lower part of the chain d and transmits the
motion of the latter to a pulley t, and from there, by means of a belt, to a pulley u,
op the lower axle of the roller b; v is a straining drum, and w a driving drum for
the chain.
In order to perfectly clean the moulded ornaments, brushes y are pivotted on bars a
in front of the rollers a b, which bring off all waste matter from the moulding.
In using this machine, two blocks or plates are pressed together, which is effected
in the following manner.
The end wood blocks to be moulded are placed on the table c, after the same has
been pushed on the roller table outside the rollers. The table é is adjusted by the
screws no, in such a manner as will yield the best moulding on the upper plate, as
well as on the lower plate. The moulding stamp h is then moved downwards by
hydraulic pressure, and the chain d is moved forward from the axle c.
The relief of the rollers a and b emboss then the end wood plates, while the
rollers a &b and the table c are moved forward at equal velocity.
The ornamental mouldings are then cleaned by the revolving brushes
on the plates or blocks.
which press
By means of this method end wood veneers may be produced of great firmness,
which after moulding are very flexible, and can be bent in any direction.
The ornamental mouldings etc. produced by my method are of very superior
quality, as the patterns are very clear and sharp, owing to the impossibility of the
spreading of the material during moulding.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1st. A method of manufacture of ornamental mouldings and similar devices from
end-wood blocks of any desired dimensions, consisting in cutting the trunks of wood
longitudinally, planing the sides or edges with serrated planes, and glueing together
the beams, thus produced, under hydraulic pressure, to form blocks of any desired
dimensions, which are cut transversely into end-wood blocks or plates, to the backs
of which are then glued one or more veneers under strong hydraulic pressure, so
that their grain runs crosswise to one another.

page_text: 2nd. In the method claimed in claim 1 the application of separate veneers in
combination with, or in substitution of, beams for the purpose of producing inlaid
ornamental mouldings.
3rd. In the method as claimed in claim 1, the application of moulding rollers
with raised and sharpened edges for goffering the ornamental mouldings during
moulding.
4th. For carrying out the method claimed in claim 1, a moulding apparatus
consisting of a movable table c, to be furnished on both sides with the blocks or
plates to be moulded, and of two moulding rollers a b, receiving the same motion
as the table, one of them being pivotted on the pressing table, and the other on the
hydraulic press.
5th. In the apparatus claimed in claim 4 the application of brushes y, pivotted in
front of the moulding rollers, for cleaning the ornamental mouldings.
Dated this 2nd day of August 1890.
FELL & WILDING,
Agents for the Applicant.