matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVE- MENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO LATHES FOR TURNING AND CUTTING SCREWS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Ford Smith and Arthur
Coventry at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 14th February 1862.
We, WILLIAM FORD SMITH and ARTHUR COVENTRY, of "Gresley Iron
Works," Ordsal Lane, Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers and
Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO LATHES FOR TURNING AND CUTTING SCREWS," to be
as follows:-
Our Invention consists in employing for the purpose of cutting screws
three or more dies or cutters, but we prefer to use three arranged round the
article to be cut at a distance of 120 degrees apart. These dies are cut in a
similar manner to those for ordinary screw cutting with stocks & dies, and
are carried by a stand which is fixed to the slide carriage of the ordinary
screw-cutting lathe arranged so that the slide carriage can be quickly detached
from the screw, giving motion to it, and traversed on the bed independently
of the screw.
We prefer to arrange the dies in radial slots formed in a circular disc, having
a hole through its centre, which disc forms part of a stand; a ring fits upon the
disc so as to turn upon it, and on this ring, screw, or cam inclines are formed,
which enter notches in the dies, so that by turning the ring the dies are
simultaneously drawn to or from the centre. A plate is also secured to the
face of the disc plates, which keeps the dies and ring in their places; the ring

page_text: is provided with a handle to turn it by, and a weight is also applied to keep it
from moving when at work. The disc has a stop, which is adjustable in a
concentric slot or groove, and an index is also formed for convenience of
adjustment. This stand is secured to the slide carriage of the ordinary
screw-cutting lathe.
For articles of short length we prefer to bring back the slide carriage of
the lathe by a weight. Screw threads of accurate pitch can be cut by this
mechanism by traversing the dies or cutters once over the article to be
operated upon. By substituting turning cutters for the screw-cutting dies,
the mechanism described is adapted for turning shafts and other similar
articles.
AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR COATING AND PRESERVING WALLS OR OTHER EXPOSED SURFACES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Verity, at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th June 1862.
I, JAMES VERITY, of No. 1, Carlton Road, Kentish Town, in the County of
Middlesex, House Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED COMPOSITION FOR COATING AND PRESERVING WALLS OR OTHER
EXPOSED SURFACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in forming a compound of certain materials which
may be combined and applied to the coating or colouring of exposed surfaces,
such as compost or plastered walls of houses, either internally or externally,
and will form a hard and durable coating, impervious to rain water, and the
action of the atmosphere.
The following are the ingredients which I prefer for carrying out my Inven-
tion: I take one bushel of quick or grey lime mixed with twenty-eight
gallons of water, and whilst the liquid lime is in a warm state I add either
twenty pounds of common salt, rock salt, or any analogous substance, which
after being well mixed and allowed to cool is strained through a fine sieve,
and any of the ordinary coloring materials to produce the required shade may
be added. The mixture when thus prepared is ready for immediate applica-
tion. By the addition of either salt, rock salt, or any analogous substance in
the above-described mixture, the walls or surfaces to be coated become
hardened, and rendered capable of enduring atmospheric changes without any
injurious effects, and also forming a surface free from attrition.
I would remark that the proportions I have named may be varied without
departing from the nature of my Invention.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Tomlinson Bousfield at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th July 1862. A communication from abroad by Joseph Short,
residing at Salem, Massachusetts, United States of America.
I, GEORGE TOMLINSON BOUSFIELD, of the Loughborough Park, Brixton, in
the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in washing machines. In
constructing washing machines according to this Invention, a barrel or
cylindrical wooden vessel is furnished with axes or trunnions, and these are
supported by a wooden frame, so that the barrel or vessel is free to revolve
end over end; a handle is fixed on one of the axes, by which it can con-
veniently be rotated. At the top of the barrel or vessel a cover is fitted,
which is capable of being secured water-tight by a cross bar and pressure
screw. Within the barrel or vessel a number of circular ribs are fixed against
its sides and parallel to its ends. In making use of the machine the fabrics
to be washed are placed in the barrel or vessel, together with a number of
spheres of wood or stone, and soap and water; the cover is then put on and
secured by the screw and cross bar; the vessel is then rotated for a few
minutes, at the end of which time the fabrics will be found completely
cleaned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS AND VESSELS FOR THE PURPOSE OF CARRYING AND WARE- HOUSING PETROLEUM, PALM OIL, AND OTHER OILS OR INFLAMMABLE FLUIDS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Cummings Gibson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th July 1862.
I, THOMAS CUMMINGS GIBSON, of Ramsay, Isle of Man, Shipbuilder, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS AND VESSELS FOR THE PURPOSE OF CARRYING AND WARE-
HOUSING PETROLEUM, PALM OIL, AND OTHER OILS OR INFLAMMABLE FLUIDS," to be
as follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in building ships or vessels of iron,
and of such a shape that the lower part of the hull or the entire ship or
vessel forms a large tank or cask, to contain the petroleum, palm oil, or other
inflammable substances either in a fluid or congealed state. In carrying or
transporting petroleum and other oils or fluids the tank is entirely filled, thus
dispensing with the casks now employed for transport. In warehousing
petroleum and other oils or fluids, floating iron vessels of a cheaper con-
struction than sea-going ships are employed; these floating vessels should be
moored in some convenient place where the sea-going ship with her eargo may
go alongside; the petroleum may then be removed by pumps, syphons, or
other means, out of the sea-going ships into the floating warehouses. In
America, where the petroleum is to be loaded, I propose to have large iron
floating vessels for warehousing moored in some convenient place in which the

page_text: petroleum may be stored, so that when the ship arrives she can immediately
go alongside and load her cargo out of the floating warehouse. The dis-
agreeable smell would be got rid of as soon as the man-hole doors of the
tanks are closed and made air tight, and all risk of fire removed. Ships and
floating warehouses of this peculiar construction are equally if not more
valuable in the African palm oil trade. The tanks or vessels must be pro-
vided with pipes for the escape of the air when loading, and to admit steam
for dissolving congealed palm oil or other substances when in a congealed
state.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING FIERY HORSES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Krasuski at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st February
1862.
I, JOSEPH KRASUSKI, of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, in the Empire of
France, Professor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING FIERY HORSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to an apparatus for stopping fiery horses, which
consists of a small hand winch, at the disposition of the driver, placed near
the seat or under the saddle for equestrians. A chain, cord, or strap is wound
round this hand winch, which is attached to the fore or hind legs of the horse
above the hocks by means of a ligature. If the horse becomes restive, by
turning the winch the cord is tightened, which prevents him spreading his.
legs. For double harness a single and adjoining leg only of each horse is
coupled together by a strap connected to the winch. The strap may be
attached to the bit, and in this manner an energetic action may be exerted
for mastering the horse. The ligatures instead of being actuated by a hand
winch may be connected by a strap passing over the neck of the horse; by
reining up this strap the ligatures may be raised so as not to impede the
motion of the horse, while by slackening it with the hand the ligatures so act
upon the horse's legs as to prevent their separation, thus effectually restraining
its restiveness.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN GUN CARRIAGES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Roche at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th April
1862.
I, RICHARD ROCHE, of Southsea, in the County of Hants, Lieutenant Royal
Navy, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN GUN CARRIAGES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in fitting the gun in a block which is of such length
as to receive not only the trunnions but also portions of the gun, both in
front and in the rear of the trunnions, and in mounting this block in a
semicircular bed on each side of the gun; the sides and bottom of the block
are semicircular and fit into the bed in such manner that the block may be
moved by worm and worm wheel, or other suitable mechanical contrivance, so
as to elevate and depress the gun according to requirement.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ENVELOPES AND OTHER WRAPPERS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jonathan Aldous Mays at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
January 1862.
I, JONATHAN ALDOUS MAYS, of No. 30, Regent Square, in the Parish of
St. Pancras, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ENVELOPES AND OTHER WRAPPERS," to
be as follows:-
In order to prevent the tongues or flaps of envelopes from adhering to
their enclosures or contents, I propose to apply the cementing or adhesive mate-
rial to the upper surface of the edges of the tongues or flaps, instead of to the
under surface thereof, as in those at present in use, and to fasten the en-
velope by tucking the tongues or flaps (with the adhesive or cementing
material applied thereto, as herein-before described,) under the other parts
of the envelopes, by which arrangement the adhesive or cementing matter is
prevented from coming in contact with the enclosures or contents of the en-
velopes.
With the view to making envelopes capable of being more expeditiously
opened, and also to preventing them from being tampered with, without
detection, I propose to make at a short distance from any of the sides thereof,
a line or lines, or a row or rows of perforations therein, or to make a crease or
fold, or creases or folds therein, so that when it is desired to open the enve-
lope, the portion or portions thereof beyond the said perforations or creases
may be easily torn off and detached from the body of the envelope.

page_text: For the purpose of facilitating the detaching of newspaper and book
or other parcel wrappers of the like nature from their enclosures, I propose
to make in the said wrappers a row or rows, or a line or lines of perfora-
tions, or to make folds or creases therein, so that the portion of the wrapper
between the said perforations or creases may be easily torn away, and the
wrapper thereby detached.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SECURING OR FASTENING DOORS TO PREVENT ROBBERY OR INTRUSION
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Grattan Cooke at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th August
1862.
I, GRATTAN COOKE, of Mornington Crescent, Hampstead Road, in the County
of Middlesex, Member of the Royal Academy of Music, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SECURING
OR FASTENING DOORS TO PREVENT ROBBERY OR INTRUSION," to be as follows :—
This Invention has for its object the securing or fastening of doors, and the
apparatus consists of a stick in the form of a walking stick, the upper part or
handle being formed with a crescent or "crutch-head" for the purpose of
placing it beneath the handle of the door, the key, or the lock itself. The
crescent or crutch-head may be formed of a separate piece, and inserted into
a hole bored in the upper end of the stick, and moved upward or downward
according to the height required to place it; and the crutch-head is to be
kept up in its place by a metal pin passing through a hole in the upper end
of the stick, and through any of the corresponding holes in the stem of the
"crutch-head." Thus for travellers this apparatus may be used as a walking
stick, but when required for permanent or continual use as a fastening the
whole may then be made of iron.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR THE PREVENTION OR CON- SUMPTION OF SMOKE
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Pickard and Thomas
Morris at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 21st April 1862.
We, JOHN PICKARD, Engineer, and THOMAS MORRIS, Broker, both of
Preston, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR THE PREVENTION OR CON-
SUMPTION OF SMOKE," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of a means of effecting the prevention or causing
the consumption of smoke in furnaces by admitting common air to the front
part of the bridge of the furnace in quantities proportioned to the amount and
quality of fuel consumed. The said air is supplied through the ash-pit or
otherwise to the bridge of the furnace by means of tubes, doors, or other
passages, and passing out of the front part of the said bridge by means of an
opening or openings therein mingles with the gases and smoke or other pro-
ducts of combustion before their passing over the bridge, causing the perfect
ignition or consumption of the same, and effectually prevents the escape of any
unconsumed combustible matter through the flues or chimney.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN PLATES FOR PLATING AND FOR FORMING THE OUTSIDE SKIN OF SHIPS AND VESSELS, AND IN PROTECTING THE SAME PROM FOULING AND OXIDATION
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Kennedy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st May
1862.
I, JOHN KENNEDY, of Whitehaven, in the County of Cumberland, Ship
Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PLATES FOR PLATING AND FOR FORMING THE OUTSIDE SKIN OF SHIPS AND
VESSELS, AND IN PROTECTING THE SAME PROM FOULING AND OXIDATION," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in forming iron or steel plates to be employed for
the outside skin or surface of ships and vessels with a rib or ribs rising from
that which is to constitute the outside surface of the plate, in forming a rabbet
or V-groove in the sides of the ribs, in inserting strips of iron or steel into the
grooves between every two ribs, space being left between the surface of the
plates and the said strips, and in filling up the spaces between the ribs and
above the level thereof with white lead. I finish off the white lead face
smooth, allow it to set and harden, and then paint it or not, or apply an oily
or greasy material or composition thereon or not, as desired, The object of
the metal strips is to assist in holding on the white lead; care must be taken
to ensure the metal being clean and free from oxidation before applying the
white lead.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN FRAMES FOR CONTAINING STOPPERED BOTTLES AND JARS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Roberts at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th November
1862.
I, SAMUEL ROBERTS, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN
FRAMES FOR CONTAINING STOPPERED BOTTLES AND JARS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in fitting to frames for holding stoppered bottles or
jars, arms (movable as hereafter described) over the stoppers of the bottles or
jars, held in the frames so close to them that the stoppers cannot be raised
sufficiently to remove them from the bottles or jars, nor can the bottles or jars
themselves be removed from the frame as long as the arms remain over the
stoppers. I apply a spring or other lock to a collar from which the arms
project, and on opening the lock the arms are free to be moved into a position
between the stoppers, when they, as well as the bottles or jars, may be removed
from the frame. Instead of an arm being made to extend over every stopper,
one arm may be carried out on each side of a frame, and a rod secured by
lock may be fitted to each arm, which rods shall extend over the stoppers, and
answer the purposes of the arms as herein-before described. The rods may
be straight or circular, or of other form to correspond with the shape of the
frame.
A NEW MANUFACTURE OF SOCKS AND STOCKINGS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd May
1862. A communication from abroad by Mr. Jean Jacques Maurer,
of 29, Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, Professor.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW MANUFACTURE OF SOCKS AND STOCKINGS," to be as
follows:-
Up to this day stockings, socks, and the like have been made of hemp,
cotton, wool, silk, and other materials, either knitted or woven, but such
articles have never been made of supple leather, or kid, lamb, buck, or the
like skins, such as used in manufacturing gloves. This Invention consists,
therefore, in making the above articles of supple leather, and to this end I
prepare, cut out, and sew the said leather or skin, either by hand or mechanical
process, in the required forms or shapes, goffering the skins, if desired, for the
purpose of cambering certain parts thereof. The waste pieces resulting from
the cutting I utilize in lining those parts of the article which are most liable
to wear out, which waste pieces may also be employed in lining the same
parts in silk, cotton, hemp, or woollen articles. Suitable elastic gussets may
also be contrived at certain parts of the stocking, so as to facilitate the
putting on thereof.

page_text: I am well aware that socks and stockings have been made which were
partially of leather with binding strips for surgical applications, for varicose
veins for instance, but this Invention differs completely therefrom, as it is
applicable to all sorts of stockings. Further, the wearing of this improved
stocking is very pleasant, and the article itself is easy of repair. Experience
has proved that, owing to the porosity of the skin they are made of, these
improved stockings will in a great measure alleviate the pains occasioned by
corns, by affording easy escape for perspiration. These improved socks and
stockings may have an additional sole sewn or otherwise fitted, which answers
two very useful purposes, viz., ensuring lengthened wear, and enabling the
wearer to dispense with the use of slippers indoors.
It will be easily understood that, instead of making these improved
stockings wholly of leather, the same may be made partly of leather or skin
and partly of some other suitable fabric.
A UNIVERSAL FIRE ALARUM WITH DISCHARGING APPA- BATUS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Lancelot Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th June 1862.
I, JOHN LANCELOT SMITH, of No. 18, St John's Square, Clerkenwell, in the
County of Middlesex, Clock Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "A UNIVERSAL FIRE ALARUM WITH DISCHARGING APPA-
BATUS," to be as follows:-
By attaching, suspending, or fastening, a band, or strip, or line, or any
form of gutta percha, india-rubber, or any other substance that is capable of
expansion or breaking by the application of heat to a weight, or lever, or spring,
so that on the approach or application of heat, the band, or strip, or line of gutta
percha, india-rubber, or any other substance capable of expansion or breaking
by the application of heat, may expand, or stretch, or break, so that and by
the means of the extension or stretching, or breaking of a band, or strip, or
line of gutta percha, india-rubber, or other substance may release or discharge
an alarum, either by the immediate action or contact of a spring, or weight,
or lever; or at a distance by means of a line, or wires, or chain, or tube, or
any or all combined.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF SIZING AND DRYING YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN THE APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SUCH PROCESS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jacob Hunt at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th July
1862.
I, JACOB HUNT, of Queen's Mill, Preston, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PROCESS OF SIZING AND DRYING YARNS OR THREADS, AND IN THE APPARATUS
EMPLOYED IN SUCH PROCESS," to be as follows:-
My Invention applies to what are known as "tape sizing" and "slashing
machines," and consists principally in opening, dividing, or separating the yarn
whilst in a wet state (immediately after it leaves the finishing size rollers, and
before it goes on round or over the drying cylinder or cylinders of the machine)
into two sheets or layers, or into as many sheets or layers as there may be
back beams used in the machine. All these sheets or layers then proceed
over the drying cylinder or cylinders of the machine. This opening, dividing,
or separating of the yarn or thread is effected by means of rods, bars, rollers,
or other pieces, formed of glass, metal, wood, or other suitable material or
combination of materials, extending across the machine, and supported by
brackets, bearings, or fixings placed at any convenient distance from the
finishing size rollers.
The principal objects to be attained by this process of opening, dividing, or
separating the yarn in a wet state between the finishing size rollers and the
drying cylinders are,―

page_text: Firstly, that the yarn being opened in sheets immediately after passing
between the finishing size rollers causes it to partly dry before it passes on to
the drying cylinder or cylinders, and the yarn therefore needs less drying on
the cylinders, and a great saving of steam is effected.
Secondly, any requisite amount of size can be put into the yarn when this
process is used, without danger of the yarn being broken by the dry openers at
the front of the machine, and therefore the number of ends is diminished.
Thirdly, the size adheres to the yarn much better, and the machine can
perform from ten to twenty per cent. more work, and of a much superior
quality than can be produced by the process and machinery hitherto employed.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BLOWING AND EXHAUSTING AIR
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Petrie, at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th August
1862.
I, JOHN PETRIE, junior, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Iron-
monger, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR BLOWING AND EXHAUSTING AIR," to be as
follows:-
In my improved arrangement I adapt revolving blades between fixed sur-
faces, leaving the circumference open for the passage of air which is drawn
through a central aperture. The revolving blades I mount upon a shaft
having a bearing on one side only, and extending through one of the fixed
surfaces, which surface is formed upon or is carried by the pedestal con-
stituting a bearing for the shaft. Also, I adapt fixed vanes outside the
revolving vanes extending concentric therewith.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF CARRYING OUT SUBMERGED AND OTHER ENGINEERING WORKS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
May 1862. A communication from abroad by Francois Durand, of
Paris, in the Empire of France, Engineer.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF CARRYING OUT SUBMERGED AND OTHER
ENGINEERING WORKS," a communication from abroad by Francois Durand,
of Paris, in the Empire of France, Engineer, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar mode of faciliating the carrying out
submerged and other engineering works, whereby such works are protected
from inundations and from inclemency of the weather or climate. According
to this Invention it is proposed to employ a casing of any suitable impermeable
and flexible material, inside of which the operations necessary for the carrying
out of the works are performed so that the workman will always be enclosed
in a water-tight and weather-proof chamber. In applying this Invention to
the constructing of a tunnel under water, for example, a trench is first formed
in any well known manner along the bottom, and into this trench is sunk in a
collapsed state, a tube of any strong and water-proof material, such tube being
of a length sufficient to extend from shore to shore, and of a diameter large

page_text: enough to contain.the tunnel when built. At one or both ends of this tube
are introduced or erected suitable skeleton frames of iron or other material
which will keep open or distended the hitherto flattened tube, and bring it to
the form of the transverse outline of the tunnel. The permanent works are
now commenced inside the tube at these parts, and as fast as the work proceeds
the skeleton frame is continued farther, so as to open out fresh lengths of
the tube as the work inside progresses. Air may be supplied into the interior
of the tube through the ends or at intermediate portions thereof, by means of
suitable air forcing apparatus and pipes. The work when completed is of
course surrounded by the tube which must be left thereon. By this means
the necessity for diving bells or coffer dams in the construction of submerged
engineering. works is entirely obviated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AXLES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard McClintock at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th December
1862.
I, RICHARD MCCLINTOCK, of the City of Dublin, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CARRIAGE AXLES," to be
as follows:-
The objects of my Invention are to facilitate the fixing and removal of the
thé
wheels and to diminish friction. Near the outer end of the journal of the
axle I remove a portion from the circumference thereof, and place a split
flanged ring or stop on the portion so diminished in circumference; the halves
of this ring are kept together by an elastic band, which lies in a circular
recess cut on the ring. Over this ring, and on the end of the journal of the
axle made square, I place a cap with a broad flange. This cap is secured by
a bolt with a threaded end passing through a portion of it, and through the
flange of or secured to one of the halves of the ring a nut guarded by a
movable button is screwed over the outer end of the bolt. The cap and stop
lie in a recess hollowed out in the boss or nave of the wheel. To facilitate
and ensure the fixing of the parts I sometimes cause a tongue to project from
the stop and enter a hole bored for its reception in the non-removed portion of
the journal. To lubricate the axle I apply an oil cup to the collar of the
axle, from which the oil flows through a channel made for the purpose, and
finds its way between the journal and axle box. I prefer to form grooves or
channels round the journal.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN PREPARING AND SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Knowles at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th December
1862.
I, THOMAS KNOWLES, of Ashton-under-Lyne, in the County of Lancaster,
Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN PREPARING AND
SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to the machinery employed for preparing and spinning
cotton and other fibrous substances called roving and slubbing frames,
throstles, and similar or equivalent machines, and is designed to effect the
stoppage of the machine or a portion thereof by self-acting means in the event
of a thread breaking.
The Invention consists in an arrangement of apparatus in which a rotating
disc causes a reciprocating traverse of a sliding piece, one end of which is in
connection with the stop rod of the machine, the other being attached to a
bent finger, which is thus continually moved in and out of an aperture in the
framing of the machine. Above these apertures a light lever is hinged in the
said framing, and kept from falling over the aperture by the yarn or thread,
which is made to support it, and whilst in such position the machine can
continue to work, but if the thread become disunited the lever falls and
prevents the bent finger from entering the aperture, and thus in stopping the
sliding piece disconnects the driving power, and stops the faulty part of the
machine, one of such apparatus being applied to each thread or yarn.
THE APPLICATION OF STEATITE, EITHER ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES, TO THE MANU- FACTURE OF BRICKS, FIRE-BRICKS, THE LINING OF FURNACES, AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Barrow Moss at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th January 1862.
I, BARROW Moss, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE APPLICATION OF
STEATITE, EITHER ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER SUBSTANCES, TO THE MANU-
FACTURE OF BRICKS, FIRE-BRICKS, THE LINING OF FURNACES, AND OTHER SIMILAR
PURPOSES," to be as follows (that is to say):
This Invention consists in the use of the material known as steatite or soap-
stone, or silicate of magnesia, as found in its natural state, when applied to
the manufacture of fire-bricks, fire blocks, sieges for pots in glass houses, and to
the construction of iron furnaces, copper smelting furnaces, and other like
metallurgical operations, and the lining of furnaces generally.
The Inventor, by preference, reduces the steatite to a powder, then moistens
it with water, to which, in some cases, it is preferred to add a weak solution of
potash, or other chemicals, thereby forming a "slip" or plastic substance, out
of which the articles to be manufactured are formed by being pressed into
matrices of the required form by hydraulic or other powerful machinery to give
it the required adhesion and form, after which the articles are baked or burned
in the usual way.
In the formation of some of the articles named, and in lining furnaces, clay
or other substances may be combined with the steatite.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROAD LOCOMOTIVES OR TRACTION ENGINES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ephraim Death at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th June
1862.
I, EPHRAIM DEATII, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROAD LOCOMOTIVES OR TRACTION ENGINES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, in the first place, in fixing the engine or engines on
a bed plate connected to square plates at each end of the boiler, instead of to
the shell or fire box of the boiler as usual, thereby obviating the present
liability of the bearings and joints to become affected by the expansion of the
boiler, and also admitting of the engine or engines being readily disconnected
from the boiler when required.
My Invention consists, in the second place, in mounting the axle in two side
plates extending from end to end of the boiler and fixed to the square end
plates thereof, for the purpose of preventing the liability of the axles to become
heated by contact with the boiler.
My Invention consists, in the third place, in forming the axle with journals
working in bearings between the side plates and the wheels, which bearings are
fixed to a frame extending the whole length of the engine. By this arrange-
ment the said journals of the axle are made to form two pivots on which the
hinder part of the frame rests when the front end of the boiler is raised or
lowered by means of a screw and levers or other suitable lifting apparatus
applied thereto.

page_text: My Invention consists, in the fourth place, in applying the power for turning
a single steering wheel at or near to the axle. instead of above the top of the
wheel as usual. For this purpose a flanged ring is fixed to the side frames
forming a fore carriage, another moveable ring having a face working against
that of the fixed ring, such moveable ring having also teeth on a portion of its
outer circumference gearing with the ordinary pinion for turning the wheel.
To the moveable ring are fixed brackets between which are inserted sliding
blocks which serve as the bearings for the axle, a spring of metal or india-rubber
being placed between the upper side of each block and the under side of the
moveable ring.
My Invention consists, in the fifth place,. in constructing the side or end
framing, or both, in the form of hollow tubes for the purpose of carrying
water so as to dispense with the use of a tank or tanks for the same purpose.
The form of the frame or tubes in the cross section may be varied.
And my Invention consists, in the last place, in using two distinct engines
with two fly wheels, which engines may be disconnected and employed as
portable engines separately, so as to drive two machines in opposite directions
if required, or they may be coupled by means of a clutch and lever, and made
to work to the full extent of their combined power.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING SHIPS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jaffray Sceales at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th April
1862.
I, JAFFRAY SCEALES, of Lloyds, in the City of London, Surveyor, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEERING SHIPS,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention is intended chiefly to apply to the steering of ships of great
length, and consists in fitting one or more rudders on the sides of the vessel in
addition to the ordinary rudder. The additional rudder or rudders when not
at work enter a recess or recesses formed in the ship's side to receive them, in
order that there shall be no projecting surface to interfere with the ship's way
when the additional rudder or rudders is or are not in action.
A NEW METHOD OF TREATING THE SORGHUM SACCHARATUM, OR HOLCUS SACCHARATUS, IN ORDER TO OBTAIN SACCHARINE LIQUOR AND PULP THEREFROM
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Reed at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th April
1862.
I, CHARLES REED, of Kintbury, in the County of Berks, Esquire, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW METHOD OF TREATING THE
SORGHUM SACCHARATUM, OR HOLCUS SACCHARATUS, IN ORDER TO OBTAIN SACCHARINE
LIQUOR AND PULP THEREFROM," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in taking the plant after it has been cut, and in
passing it between rollers, or in subjecting it to pressure in a hydraulic or
other suitable press to express the juice, and partially prepare the fibre.
After the juice has been expressed, or the dry plant may be taken unpressed,
the plant is cut, subjected to a boiling caustic alkali, is bleached, and con-
verted into pulp in a pulping engine. The juice expressed may be eva-
porated and converted into sugar, or it may be distilled to produce a spirit,
either process being performed in the ordinary manner of sugar-making and
distilling.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRIMS AND PEAKS OF HATS, CAPS, AND OTHER COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th March
1862. A communication from abroad by Mr. Jonas Haas, of 29,
Boulevart St. Martin, Paris, Hat Manufacturer.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRIMS AND PEAKS OF HATS, CAPS, AND OTHER
COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a new kind of shade or peak for caps and other like
coverings for the head, which is applicable also to the brims of cloth, silk,
beaver, straw, and other hats. These improved shades present the same
outward appearance as ordinary peaks or shades.
The improvements consist in fitting and adapting the hat or cap peak or
brim or the lining thereof to receive useful articles such as a miniature looking
glass, comb, pencil, slip of vellum for keeping notes, or any small portable
article usually carried in the pocket, but I prefer that these improved peaks or
shades be provided with a small looking glass either embedded in the thickness
of the shade and covered and protected by any suitable cover hinged thereon,
or embodied in the thickness of the peak, or the mirror may be detachable
from the shade and merely fitted therein as in a case. The frame and other
necessary parts for this miniature looking glass may be of leather, wood, brass,
or other metal or substance. The looking glass and its frame may be secured
to the shade either by a small fastening or clasp or other device, opening and

page_text: closing either in a self-acting manner or by means of a knob. The small
articles which may be carried with the miniature looking glass in the cap or
other shade or hat brim may consist as above mentioned of a pencil, note
book, or other suitable articles; a miniature photographic portrait may also
be fitted therein, either alone or in combination with the looking glass..
IMPROVEMENTS IN INSTRUMENT AND WORK CASES KNOWN AS LADIES' COMPANIONS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Turner Buck at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th March:
1862.
I, JOHN TURNER BUCK, of New North Road,. in the County of Middlesex,
Dressing Case Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INSTRUMENT AND WORK CASES KNOWN AS LADIES' COMPANIONS,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in constructing and fitting up cases or ladies' com-
panions as hereafter stated. I take a wedge-shaped case similar to those now
used as scissor cases, and fit therein compartments for containing behind each
other pairs of scissors of different sizes.. I then insert a wedge-shaped slide-
behind the scissor compartments for carrying a knife, eyelet piercer, nail
trimmer, or other articles according to taste. This slide may carry articles
both at front and at back, or at front only, and a looking glass may be attached
to the back; or the looking glass may be made to form a separate slide by
itself. At the back again of the before-named articles I insert a wedge-shaped
folded thread and needle carrier, and on the inside of the flap which folds
over to close the case, I attach a thimble carrier, pin cushion, and needle:
cases.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PROTECTING LADIES' AND CHILDREN'S BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Rebecca Tallerman, and Lewis
Abraham Tallerman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 20th May 1862.
We, REBECCA TALLERMAN, and LEWIS ABRAHAM TALLERMAN, of 131,
Bishopsgate Street Without, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PROTECTING LADIES' AND CHILDREN'S BOOTS
AND SHOES," to be as follows:-
Our improved method of protecting ladies' and children's boots and shoes,
consists in the use of a cover for the boot or shoe made of leather, cloth, or
other suitable material. It is placed over the boot, and when on it reaches
eight or nine inches up the leg; it is fastened at the sides by hooks, eyelets,
springs, buttons, or other contrivance under the waists by means of a strap
or elastic band, and at the toes by small pieces of sole leather or other
material. The object is to keep the boot or shoe over which the said cover
is worn from being soiled by dust or dirt, and to keep the feet warm and dry.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TEA AND OTHER TRAYS FOR THE TABLE
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patent, with his Petition, on the 27th February
1862.
I, CHARLES CLARK, of 361, City Road, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TEA AND OTHER TRAYS
FOR THE TABLE," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
My Invention consists in making trays for the table with a moveable
or rotating plate upon which the tea, coffee, and other services are placed
so as to be filled from the urn as they move or revolve therewith, the said
plate or tray can then be removed at pleasure with its contents for serving
purposes. I also use a single tray with runners attached to the under
side for the same purposes, or I make ordinary trays locomotive by mounting
them upon runners on the same principle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CIGAR AND PIPE LIGHTS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Joseph Simlick at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd December 1862.
I, HENRY JOSEPH SIMLICK, of Osborne Place, Whitechapel, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CIGAR AND PIPE LIGHTS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in certain improvements in the manufacture of
lights for cigars and pipes commonly known by the name of "Vesuvian"
lights. I propose, instead of forming the holders of these lights of glass,
wood, clay, or wood and straight wire combined, to form such holders of
spirally-twisted wire or strips of metal, the coils of which are to be slightly
opened or separated in order to allow of the circulation of air between the
coils. The wire or strips may be of steel, iron, or any desired metal; and the
advantages of the method are, that the heat of the light is not communicated
to the extremity of the coiled wire as it is in the straight holders, which burn
the fingers, and that the holder is of a springy nature, which assists materially
in giving an easy friction to the combustible compound, which is not con-
sequently so liable to be broken from these holders as from the straight rigid
holders.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FORM OF BRICKS, AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT THEREOF POR PAVING STABLES AND STABLE YARDS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Carrington at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents,, with his Petition, on the 7th April
1862.
I, JAMES CARRINGTON, of Queen's Gate Mews, Kensington, in the County
of Middlesex, Groom, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FORM OF BRICKS, AND IN THE ARRANGEMENT THEREOF
POR PAVING STABLES AND STABLE YARDS," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in the form of bricks, and in the arrange-
ment thereof for paving stables and stable yards, relates to a novel or improved
form of brick to be employed for the above purpose. Instead of employing
bricks with sharp edges to pave stables and yards, and which bricks give no
foothold to the horse, I propose to make my bricks with rounded top and
edges, which when brought together and cemented in their places will
produce a grooved surface which will give the horse a good foothold, and the
edges being rounded, the animal will not be liable to injure his haunches when
lying down. As both the top and bottom edges of the bricks are rounded,
either side may be placed uppermost. The bricks should also be arranged
diagonally so that the grooves by running all in the same direction may be
easily kept clean by means of a broom. It has been heretofore proposed to
usé grooved bricks for paving stables and yards, the grooves being made for
the purpose of giving a good foothold, but this has not been found to answer

page_text: very satisfactorily; and, moreover, the sharp edges of the grooves are very
uncomfortable for the horse to lie upon. My improved bricks may be made
of clay, clinker, slag, or any suitable material that is capable of being
moulded.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING SOAP- SUDS OR OTHER SAPONACEOUS OR OILY MATTERS
Year: 1862

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Steel at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho 11th September
1862.
I, THOMAS STEEL, of Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING SOAP-
SUDS OR OTHER SAPONACEOUS OR OILY MATTERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the extracting or separating of the oil or grease
from soap-suds and similar saponaceous matters. Heretofore the "magmiro"
16 magma" after being filtered is folded in canvass bags and placed in a
press, with steam applied thereto, by which the oily or greasy matters are
passed off or extracted therefrom.
My improvements consist in the employment of a perforated vessel in which
I first subject the "magmire" to the action of steam, whereby the lighter
parts of the oily or greasy matters are carried off, and the " magmire'
becomes heated and prepared for being placed in the press to extract the
residue of oily or greasy matters by pressure. By means of this Invention I
dispense with a great number of the bags now used in the treating or
extracting of such matters, and also greatly facilitate the process, or economize
time, material, and labour.