IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND SHAPING WOOD
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Clegg, of Todmorden, in the County of York,
Shuttle Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
CUTTING AND SHAPING WOOD."
Sealed the 22nd September 1877, and dated the 24th March 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clegg at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th March 1877.
WILLIAM CLEGG, of Todmorden, in the County of York, Shuttle Maker. "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND SHAPING WOOD."
This Invention consists,―
Firstly. Of an improved combination and arrangement of guides, draw or feed
rollers, and rotary cutters, so that on wood being placed upon the guide or "race," it
is self-actingly, by the draw or feed rollers, brought in contact with the rotary cutters
which cut and shape it to the required form.
Secondly. To a combination of lathe or throw, and rotary cutters, for cutting and
turning wood.
The appliances are to be used mainly in the making of shuttles for weaving, but
are applicable to the cutting and shaping wood for other uses. In the making of
shuttles, after one side of the block has been squared by a cutter and clearing guide,
I employ mechanism, as follows:-The block or wood is placed upon a guide or race
whereon it is by the action of a corrugated or roughed draw or feed roller moved
forward upon the race and passed under an inverted circular rotary cutter, which
roughs the block upon the top or face, to nearly the finished size. Another feed
roller passes the block to a second rotary cutter, which operates in like manner upon
one side of the block, which is then carried along the race by other feed rollers to
two other cutters, which reduce the top and sides of the block to the required size,
and to a smooth slate whereon the tips are secured by the ordinary means.
The block is now to be placed upon another race, and by means of feed rollers is
carried forward, and two rotary cutters forin the "bottom groove" and the weft groove
along the shuttle. The squared and grooved block is now removed from the race
and received or held by the tip ends in a chock or the chocks of two lathe heads,
Price Sd1

page_text: which impart rapid rotation to the block. Two series of small circular cutters,
similar to circular saws, are mounted upon a spindle or shaft revolving in the oppo-
site direction to the rotation of the block; the shaft and rotary cutters or saws
are raised by a lever motion, so as to be brought in contact with the block, the
ends of which are thus tapered or rounded away to the tips, ready for finishing
by the use of a hand turning chisel.
For boring (preparitory to forming the recess for the shuttle peg and welf), two
adjustable rotary cutters are mounted vertically, and bearing levers having friction
bowls act upon the ends of the boring bits.
The several cutters and feed rollers herein referred to are driven by bevel gear,
pullys, and cords, and the bearings of the feed rollers are weighted so as to admit
raising and levering of the feed rollers whereby the same are self-adjusting to
any inequality of thickness of block passing under them.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Clegg in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th September
1877.
WILLIAM CLEGG, of Todmorden, in the County of York, Shuttle Maker.
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CUTTING AND SHAPING WOOD."
This Invention consists,-
"IM-
Firstly. Of an improved combination and arrangement of guides, draw or feed
rollers, and rotary cutters, so that on wood being placed upon the guide or "race,"
it is self-actingly, by the draw or feed rollers, brought in contact with the rotary
cutters which cut and shape it to the required form.
Secondly. To a combination of lathe or throw, and rotary cutters, for cutting and
turning wood.
The appliances are to be used mainly in the making of shuttles for weaving, but
are applicable to the cutting and shaping wood for other uses. In the making of
shuttles, after one side of the block has been squared by a cutter and clearing guide,
I employ mechanism, as follows:-The block or wood is placed upon a guide or race,
whereon it is by the action of a corrugated or roughed draw or feed roller moved
forward upon the "race," and passed under an inverted circular rotary cutter, which
roughs the block, upon the top or face, to nearly the finished size. Another feed
roller passes the block to a second rotary cutter, which operates in like manner upon
one side of the block, which is then carried along the race by other feed rollers to
two other cutters, which reduce the top and sides of the block to the required size
and to a smooth state, whereon the tips are secured by the ordinary means.
The block is now to be placed upon another race, and by means of feed rollers is
carried forward, and two rotary cutters form the "bottom groove," and the weft
groove along the shuttle. The squared and grooved block is now removed from the
race, and received or held by the tip ends in a chock, or the chocks of two lathe
heads, which impart rapid rotation to the block. Two series of small circular cutters,
similar to circular saws, are mounted upon a spindle or shaft, revolving in the
opposite direction to the rotation of the block, the shaft, and rotary cutters or saws;
are raised by a lever motion, so as to be brought in contact with the block,
the ends of which are thus tapered or rounded away to the tips ready for finishing
by the use of a hand turning chisel.
For boring (preparitory to forming the recess for the shuttle peg and weft),
two adjustable rotary cutters are mounted vertically, and bearing levers having
friction bowls act upon the ends of the boring bits.
The several cutters and feed rollers herein referred to are driven by bevel gear,
pullys, and cords, and the bearings of the feed rollers are weighted so as to admit
raising and lowering of the feed rollers, whereby the same are self-adjusting to any
inequality of thickness of block passing under them.

page_text: Such being the nature and object of my said Invention, I will proceed to
describe the same in detail, and in order that the particulars may be fully under-
stood, I have annexed three Sheets of Drawings, illustrative thereof, and have marked
the several views or Figures with numbers of reference, the same number referring
to the same part in the several views or Figures.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a machine having my improvements applied thereto.
Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 an end elevation of parts (enlarged scale).
Figs. 4 and 5 are elevation and plan of cutter and clearing guide.
Figs. 6 and 7 are front and end elevations of lathe or throw, and rotary cutters,
for tapering the ends of the shuttle to the shuttle tips.
Figs. 8 and 9 shew modification of like apparatus.
The construction and working of the machine in the making of shuttles is as
follows: The block 1, from which a shuttle is to be made, is firstly, by the
circular cutter 2 and clearing guide 3 (Figs. 4 and 5); or by the cutters 4 and 5
(Fig. 1 and 2), cut and squared on one or two of its sides; the block is next, by means
of the draw or feed rollers 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, carried forward to and operated
upon by the rotary cutters 7 and 8, the two last-named cutters form the "bottom
groove" and the "weft groove" along the shuttle block; the latter is then passed to
the inverted circular rotary cutter 9, which rough cuts the top of the block to a
nearly finished size; the cutter 10 in like manner operates upon the side of the
block, which is thon forwarded by the feed rollers 6, 6, to the finishing
or smoothing cutters 11 and 12. The feed rollers 6, 6, are so mounted as to admit
of raising in their bearing (see Fig. 3), the lever and weight determining the amount
of pressure and action of cutter 6 upon the block 1, thereby adjusting the cutter to
any inequality of the block. The block 1 is next to be bored for the "shuttle tips,"
by means of the rotary boring bits 13, 14, (Figs. 10 and 11), the bits being
advanced towards cach other by means of the hand lever 15 (and draw bars
15, 15,), working upon the fulcrum 16. The tipped block is now held by the
chucks or chocks (see Fig. 6 and 7, (or 8 and 9), until by means of the circular
toothed cutters 17, 17, the ends of the block are cut away or tapered to the
required form, the rotation of the block being in opposite direction to the rotation
of the cutters 17, 17, the depth of cut being determined and regulated by means of
the cam 19 (which, worked by handle 20), raises and lowers the arms 21, 21,
carrying the cutter spindle 22.
At Figs. 8 and 9, a modification of Fig. 6 is shewn, wherein stationary cutting
tools 23, 23, are employed, the block 1 being held by its tips and rotated in the
throw as before, the cutters 23, 23, being brought to bear upon the block by means
of the levers 24, 24, and links 25, 25, the latter expanding and contracting the levers
24, 24, as the gear wheels 26, 27, are worked to the right or to the left by the handle
28. The fulcrum 29 of the levers 24, 24, may be changed, so as to vary the angle
of the cutters 23, 23, to the block to be operated upon, according to the form of
shuttle point required.
For boring preparitory to forming the recess for the "shuttle peg" and weft, the
adjustable boring bits 30, 30, driven by straps 31, 31, the spindles 32, 32, being
advanced and withdrawn to and from the block to be bored by means of the cross
bar 33, and lever 34.
The driving shafts, gear, and belting are fully shewn in Figs. 1 and 2.
A is the first motion shaft, driven by fast and loose pulley B, B; pulley C and
strap D, drive shaft E; strap F, drives pulley G; on axis of latter is the pinion H,
gearing with wheel J; K, a pinion gearing with L on shaft M, which, by means of
bevel wheel N, communicates motion to be bevel wheels P, P, P, operating the
several draw rollers 6, 6, 6. The groved pulleys R, R, and driving bands S, S, are,
as shewn, in connection with, and drive the several cutters. T, T, are adjustable
pulleys for taking up slack of driving bands when required.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this my said Invention,
together with the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or

page_text: carried into practical effect, I would have it understood, I limit and confine my
claim to,-
Firstly. The combination of the draw or feed rollers and rotary cutters, arranged
as and for the purpose herein fully.described.
Secondly. The lathe or throw and cutters (for tapering the ends of the
shuttles) constructed, combined, and operated as herein described and shewn.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Clegg, have hereunto set my hand
and seal; this Twenty-first day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
.:
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Blackburn.
-
WILLIAM CLEGG. (L.S.)