CERTAIN MACHINERY TO FACILITATE THE WASHING AND CLEANSING OF COTTON AND OTHER FABRICS, WHICH MACHINERY IS APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN OPERATIONS IN BLEACHING, DYEING, PRINTING, AND SIZING WARPS AND PIECE GOODS
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
COCKSEY, of Little Bolton, in the County of Lancaster, Millwright, and
JAMES NIGHTINGALE, of Breightmet, in the said County, Bleacher, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Sixteenth day of
April, One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, in the twelfth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Thomas Cocksey and James Nightingale, our exors, admors, and
assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
we, the said Thomas Cocksey and James Nightingale, our exors, adiñiors, and
assigns, and such others as we, the said Thomas Cocksey and James
Nightingale, our exors, adñññors, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,.
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Invention
of "CERTAIN MACHINERY TO FACILITATE THE WASHING AND CLEANSING OF COTTON
AND OTHER FABRICS, WHICH MACHINERY IS APPLICABLE TO CERTAIN OPERATIONS IN
BLEACHING, DYEING, PRINTING, AND SIZING WARPS AND PIECE GOODS;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that we, the said Thomas Cocksey
and James Nightingale, or one of us, should cause a particular description of
the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the
same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Thomas Cocksey and James Nightingale, do hereby declare that the nature
of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed,
are fully described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the
figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say:-
Our Invention consists of machinery comprising a series of revolving beaters
moving in a trough in such manner that the cotton or other fabric to be
washed is caused to descend from each succeeding beater into the water, and
to ascend therefrom to the next beater; and the machinery also comprises
a series of angular carriers which have no other motion communicated to
them than that which is caused by the passing of the fabric through the
machinery, such angular carriers being placed between the beaters, the
angular carriers causing the fabrics to be moved to and fro in the water, in
addition to such fabrics descending into and rising from the water, such
moving to and fro of the fabrics materially aiding the beaters in their opera-
tions for cleansing and washing the fabrics. The beaters are each formed with
four-angles, so that they each beat the fabric four times in a revolution, but they
may be made with other numbers of angles or beating surfaces, but we believe
that four will be found most convenient and also effective; and although the
Drawing 'shows the spaces between the four angles to be closed or boarded up,
this is not essential. The supply and overflow of the water is so arranged that
the fabrics may leave the water where the supply takes place, and therefore.
when passing out of the trough subjected to the cleaner water; and in order
to accommodate the machine when-fabrics. of different strengths are passed
through (the weaker fabrics not requiring so much beating as the stronger)
we cause the beaters to be driven with friction clutch boxes, so that the speed
of-the-beaters may be reduced when weaker fabrics are being passed through

page_text: The
long trough of water kept constantly supplied by the pipe b, and the water is
constantly flowing off at the pipe c: The four beaters e, g, i and I are
driven by means of bevilled toothed wheels on their respective axes, which
take into and are driven by the bevelled toothed wheels n on the axis or shaft
n, such wheels m not moving with such shaft or axis excepting when their
clutch boxes are together. The clutch boxes are of an ordinary kind, and
cach consists of friction straps embracing a boss on the wheel, so that when
the straps are tightly screwed up there will be no slipping on the boss,
but when less tightly screwed up there will be a slip. We would remark
that, althougli 'we prefer this arrangement of clutch box, we do not confine
ourselves thereto, so long as friction clutch boxes are employed.
arrangement shewn in the Drawing is such that when the driving wheels are
fixed to their axes the beaters are driven at a speed exceeding by one third
that of the fabric, which we believe will be sufficient for the strongest fabrics,'
but we do not confine ourselves thereto, and such speed of the beaters will be
reduced when the degree of friction between the parts of the clutch boxes is
reduced. The axis or shaft n. receives motion from the bevelled,toothed
wheel o on the axis of one of the pressing rollers p, p, which takes into and
drives the bevelled toothed pinion q on the shaft n, and the pressing rollers
are to receive motion from a steam engine or other power, as is well under-
stood, the pressing rollers being pressed together by means of the weighted
lever r, which by a rod s is attached to the levert, as shewn. The fabric after
coming out of the washing trough passes away on the reels u, u, as is shewn.
The fabric enters the trough and descends into the water therein and passes
under a roller v therein; it then ascends and passes over one of the angular
carriers d, and down under another roller v, when it again ascends and passes
over the beater e; it then again descends and passes under another roller v,
and again ascends and passes over the next angular-carrier f, and so on over
the succeeding beaters g, i, k, and over the succeeding carriers h, j, as will
readily be understood by examining the Drawing; the fabric in its move-
ment through the machine in addition to its passing into and out of the
water being caused to move to and fro in the water by means of the angular
carriers d, f, h, and j.
This machinery, in addition to washing and cleansing, may be used in
bleaching, dyeing, printing, and sizing fabrics and 'warps in such of the
processes in those branches as require the fabrics to be passed through liquid,
and the only difference will be, that the proper liquids will be placed in the
trough in place of water, and in such cases there will be no necessity for a
continued overflow.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we would have it understood that we
do not confine ourselves to the details 'as herein described, so long as the
peculiar character of our Invention be retained, nor do we claim any of the
parts separately; but what we claim is, the combining of several beaters in
such manner that the fabrics descend into and ascend out from the water
between the succeeding beaters. We also claim the combining a series_of
angular carriers moved by the fabric, the fabric descending into and ascending
from the water between the succeeding carriers. We also claim the employ-
ment of a long trough, in combination with a succession of beaters and a
succession of carriers, in such manner that the fabric may leave at the end
where the water enters, as above explained; and we also claim the employment
of friction clutch boxes, in combination with a series of beaters, as herein
explained.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Cocksey and James Nightin-
gale, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twelfth day of
October, One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.