A COMBINED SEEDER, CULTIVATOR, AND ROLLER
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Thomas Hughes, of the Firm of Hughes.and
Son, Patent. Agents,. 123, Chancery Lane, London, for the Invention of
"A COMBINED SEEDER, CULTIVATOR, AND ROLLER."-A communication from
abroad by James Page Long and Peter Low, both of Cherry Valley,
Otsego County, New York, United States of America.
Sealed the 26th November 1867, and dated the 28th May 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Thomas Hughes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th May 1867.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A COMBINED SEEDER, CULTIVATOR, AND ROLLER," a communication
to me from abroad by James Page Long and Peter Low, both of Cherry
Valley, Otsego County, New York, United States of America, to be as
follows:-
The subject of this Invention is a single machine adapted to perform the
successive operations of sowing seed broadcast, covering the same, and rolling
all during one passage over the ground. While the combination in one
machine of the various parts which perform these operations is the chief
feature of this Invention, it is manifest that the the substantial character of this
Invention would not be affected whether a seeder were used or not, and I
propose to provide the machine forming the subject of this application with
13.

page_text: the necessary apparatus for sowing seed, or to dispense therewith, as cir-
cumstances may require or make desirable.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 is a perspective view of this improved
machine, and Fig. 2 is a detail sectional elevation of one of the tubes which
convey the seed from the hopper to the ground.
A is the roller; B, the cultivator; and C, the seed box, containing an
ordinary seeding roller driven by the belt or chain D, which runs on the
pullies a and b c are the tubes which convey the seed from the box C to the
ground. They are each provided at the lower end with a spreader d which
is attached to the said tubes by the rods e, e; it is for the purpose of spreading
or scattering the seeds evenly on the ground.. It is made convex on its upper
side, as that form is considered the best, but it may be conical, flat, or in any
other form desired; the working parts of the machine are secured to the
frame E. A driver's seat F may be set on the rear of this frame within a
convenient. distance of the levers f and g,. the one of which levers is for the
purpose of regulating the amount of seed sown in the usual manner, and the
other to fix the depth to which the cultivator B penetrates. A castor G is set
into the forward end of the frame E; or attached to it to support the forward
end of the machine.; A graduated plate or scale is used in conjunction with
the said lever for regulating the amount, of seed to be sown, the said plate or
scale indicating on its face by the position of the lever with reference to it
such amount. The seeding,. cultivating, covering, and rolling being performed
at the same time whenever the machine is stopped, the work is all completed
to the point where the machine rests, and there is no loss from a sudden storm
by the seed remaining uncovered. By the use of this machine the ground is
left in the best possible condition for the growth of the grain, and for its being
gathered, and in case it is lodged by a storm the draft of the reaper is much
reduced.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Thomas Hughes in the Great Seal Patent Office on 3
the 26th November 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Sou, Patent Agents, 123,
Chancery Lane, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria; by, Her Letters 3
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of May, in the year of our Lord

page_text: One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign;
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Edward Thomas Hughes, Her special licence that: I, 'the said Edward Thomas
Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with,.and: no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A
COMBINED SEEDER, CULTIVATOR, AND ROLLER," a communication to me from
abroad by James Page Long and Peter Low, both of Cherry, Valley, Otsego
County, New York, United States of America, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, my executors or adminis
trators, by an instrument in writing under .my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should. particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in. what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed. in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
.NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, do hereby
declare the nature of the said. Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings (that is to say)
--
The first part of the said Invention relates to the combination of convex platės
or spreaders with the seeding tubes by which the grain is more evenly
distributed over the surface of the ground, as herein-after more fully set
forth.
The second part of the said Invention consists in the combination of a
seeding apparatus, cultivator, and roller in a single machine, as herein-after
more fully set forth.
.
Fig. 1 is a plan of the said machine; Fig. 2, a side elevation; Fig. 3, an
under side view of one of the seeding tubes, with one of the spreaders attached;
Fig. 4, a longitudinal axide section of one of the seeding cylinders; Fig. 5, &
transverse section of the same; Fig. 6, a plan of a seeding apparatus below
the hoppèrs.
A, A, is the frame of the machine, which is mounted on a castor wheel B
at the forward end, and is supported at the rear end by the roller C, which is
intended to level the surface of the ground, and which is made in. halves or
in other words divided in the middle of its length to facilitate the turning of

page_text: the machine, one half of the roller being so fitted to the shaft D as to turn
freely upon it and the other half and the other end of the roller being firmly
fixed to the said shaft to, secure the rotation of the seeding shaft E through
the intervention of the pulleys F and. G and the chain H. The shaft E extends
under the whole length of the seed box or hopper I, and is provided with
seeding wheels a, which are made loose upon the shaft E, and fitted to slide
into cylinders 6, which are firmly fixed on to the shaft E, and from which
cylinders 6 the seeding wheels a receive their rotary motion when the shaft E
is revolved. Each of these seeding wheels a terminates at the left-hand end in
a hub with a groove in it to receive the pin c which is attached to the slide J,
which slide may be operated by means of the lever K to regulate or cut off
the discharge of seed into the seeding tubes L; these seeding tubes L are
provided with spreaders e placed under the ends thereof to scatter the seed,
and thus produce the effect of broadcast sowing; for this purpose they are
made convex on the top, as shewn in Fig. 2, that form being found best for
the production of the end desired. The said spreaders e are attached to the
seeding tubes by small strips of metal f, so as to suspend them, say, an inch
or two below the ends of the said tubes. A series of cultivator teeth 9, 9, are
attached to the elbows h, h, which are hinged upon a rod M. at their forward
ends, and which are also attached to the beam N; which latter may be raised
or lowered by the lever O, so as to either keep them out of the ground or
allow them to engage in the soil, as may be required. P is a lever for
disconnecting the seeding shaft E from the clutch of the pulley G when the
use of the seeding gear is not required.
Having thus fully described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I claim,→
First, the combination of the convex spreaders E and the seeding tubes L;
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Second, the combination of the adjustable cultivator, the levelling roller C,
and the seeding tubes L, provided with spreaders at or near their lower ends
substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Thomas Hughes, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of November, 1867.
E. T. HUGHES. (L.s.)