IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING BUILDINGS, CLOSETS, URINALS, TRAPS, DRAINS, AND SUCH LIKE PURPOSES, WHICH INVENTION IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR CLEANSING AND INSPECTING THE SAME.
Year: 1878

page_text: "
LETTERS PATENT to James George Stidder, of 50, Southwark Bridge Road,
London, Sanitary Engineer, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OF AND IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING BUILDINGS, CLOSETS,
URINALS, TRAPS, DRAINS, AND SUCH LIKE PURPOSES, WHICH INVENTION IS
ALSO APPLICABLE FOR CLEANSING AND INSPECTING THE SAME.'
"
led the 24th April 1878, and dated the 11th February 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James George Stidder at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th February 1878.
JAMES GEORGE STIDDER, of 50, Southwark Bridge Road, London, Sanitary
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND IN APPARATUS FOR
VENTILATING BUILDINGS, CLOSETS, URINALS, TRAPS, DRAINS, AND SUCH LIke
PURPOSES, WHICH INVENTION IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR CLEANSING AND INSPECTING
THE SAME
"
This Invention consists, firstly, of improvements in the method of ventilating
buildings by means of which a constant supply of fresh air is kept up; and;
secondly, in the apparatus for carrying out the same.
And in order that this my said Invention may be properly understood, I will
describe the same, reference being had to the annexed Drawing, and to the letters
marked thereon.
The said Drawing represents a sectional elevation of a building shewing my
general arrangement and system of ventilation. I do not confine myself to the precise
details herein given or to the shape and plan of the building shewn, as the various
parts of such arrangement may be modified to suit certain circumstances.
The shaft a, a, is for the inlet current for down draught, the fresh air passing in
the direction indicated by the arrow; b is a ventilating pipe from sewer; c is the
upward foul air shaft from trap; d, d, d, d, chambers and connections for water-
closets; e, e, e, e, junctions from closets into the shaft c; f. f. f, show fresh air inlets
through the brickwork into the building or ventilators k; g represents the sewer

page_text: i, surface ventilating trap; k, k, room ventilators; 7, discharge pipe for other or
purposes in connection for slop closet basin or other similar purpose..
The ventilating cowl o is so arranged as to take in the air thro' the bend at the
top, and passing over a conical disc forces the foul air from the ascending pipe out
through the bottom end of the revolving top. The other cowl draws the currents
of air through the lantern louvres, and forces the foul air upwards through the
revolving bent funnel.
The surface trap i is formed with two compartments with one dip in each, with
an inlet socket and out spicket with ventilating junction and grating on the top
as shewn.
The drain trap n is formed with a double or Y junction with inspection cap and
upper ventilating socket with the deodorizing trap is formed with a charcoal chamber
and sludge box with escape pipes, and four surface dips.
The closets d, d, d, d, are so formed as to have overflows with injection caps and
injection doors to the traps; they are also furnished with regulating levers to work
the discharge and supply valves, and circular supply pipes are fitted into the arms
of basins and are made with and without traps.
The urinal consists of a basin or receiver which obtains a supply of water when
the seat is sat upon, and discharges itself through a junction at the bottom.
The inspection doors and water-tight stopper are so formed as to receive an india-
rubber ring, which makes the joints water-tight when in use.
Under the scullery or wash-up sink I fix a flat trap; it is made with a loose cover
with union to connect to the outlet of sink, and has a cleaning out cap in the front
cheek. The inlet passing downwards deposits all greasy matter at the bottom of
the trap, the water then proceeds upwards and out of the overflow pipe.
The valve for flushing and washing down purposes consists of a round valve and
frost apparatus with one inlet and two or more swivel outlets with threads to
receive unions for hose pipes. It is most useful for sanitary washing purposes, and
could be employed in case of fire.
All the above parts are so constructed as to work in conjunction and in harmony
with one another.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James George Stidder in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th
August 1878.
JAMES GEORGE STIDDER, of 50, Southwark Bridge Road, London, Sanitary
Engineer. " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND IN APPARATUS FOR
VENTILATING BUILDINGS, CLOSETS, URINALS, TRAPS, DRAINS, AND SUCH LIKE
PURPOSES, WHICH INVENTION IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR CLEANSING AND INSPECTING
THE SAME
"
This Invention consists, firstly, of improvements in the method of ventilating
buildings by means of which a constant supply of fresh air is kept up; and,
secondly, in the combination and arrangement of apparatus for carrying out the
same.
And in order that this my said Invention may be properly understood I will
now proceed to describe the same, reference being had to the annexed Drawings,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon.
I do not confine myself to the precise details herein' given, or to the shape and
plan of the building shewn, as the various parts of my Invention and the
general arrangements, herein-after specified, may be modified to suit certain
circumstances.
No. 1. Sheet 1, Figure 1, is a vertical section of a ventilating cowl for any
purpose of ventilation. A, cylinder with a socket fixed on the inside for the.
revolving head B and spindle C to work into; D is a funnel-shaped pipe in the
interior of which from E to F is a spiral arrangement with one or more wings, as
shewn at G. It has about one-third of a complete twist, so as to rifle the current
of wind when passing through the funnel and pipe, as indicated by the arrows,
and causing a strong vacuum for exhausting the foul gases from pipes, drains, &c.
No. 2. Sheet 1, Figure 2, is an elevation of a ventilating (or smoke) cowl. A is a
cylinder; B, B, conical flanges with holes C, C, through which the fresh air passes
up; D, D, is a flat plate (or drum) for the foul air to strike against; E, E,
forms a cone to stop any down current from passing into the mouth of the cylinder
F. When the wind is blowing, as indicated by the arrows, the foul gases become
rapidly exhausted through the mouth F, and striking the flat plate (or drum) pass
away into the open air, substantially as described.
No. 3. Sheet 1, Figure 3, is an end section; Fig. 4, vertical section; Fig. 5, plan. A, A,
iplets from the soil pipes; B, ventilating junction from the sewer side of the trap;
C, inspection cover to get at inside of trap; D, D, screws for fastening down cover;
E, outlet from the trap, the end of the soil pipe passing in at either of the junctions
A, A, so as to form a right and left handed trap, either junction forming a socket
for a ventilating pipe.
No. 4. Sheet 1, Figure 6, is a vertical section; Fig. 7, a plan. A, inlet junction;
B, B, double dips; C, division to form double trap; D, outlet junction; E, ven-
tilating pipe or junction from sewer side of the drain; F, inspection cover leading
into trap; G, loose grating to take off the surface water.
No. 5. Sheet 1, Figure 8, is an elevation of a spiral drain (or ventilating) trap.
A, inlet junction; B, outlet leading into the drain; C, inspection cover and bolts
leading into the trap; D, ventilating pipe from closets, &c.; E, ventilating pipe
from drain side of trap, preventing the syphoning out of the water; the soil and
water passing around the trap, as indicated by the arrows.
No. 6. Sheet 1, Fig. 9, is a vertical section; Figure 10, a plan. A, deodorising
surface trap; A, A, outside cast-iron box; B, inlet bend for rain or refuse water;
C, outlet pipe; D, D, D, D, loose sludge box for clearing out the dirt that passes
from the surface grating; E, charcoal chamber; F, loose cap over the top of the
charcoal chamber; G*, perforated plate through which the sewer gases pass, in
order that they may be purified before entering the ventilating pipe; H, H, handles
to lift out the sludge box with; G, G, G, G, are four dips for passing the surface

page_text: water from the gratings E°; E°, into the water shewn in sludge box, making a perfect
trap, the water first passing into the sludge box, and flowing over into the outer
chamber, thence into the drain, as shewn by the arrows. The cover and grating
are made loose, so as to be removed for cleansing purposes.
No. 7. Sheet 1, Figure 11, is a vertical section; Figure 12, a side elevation of a trap.
A, A, outer case; B, B, cover fastened down with bolts; C, inlet and dip pipe to
form a trap waste (or overflow) pipe leading into the drain; E, E, E, loose cover to
take off for clearing out the sediment from the interior of the trap; F, lip to lead
the refuse into the bucket when clearing out interior; G, G, legs for the trap to
stand upon.
No. 8. Sheet 1, Figure 13, is a vertical section of watercloset; A, ventilating pipe
from the trap and drain; B, inspection_door with thumbscrews for getting at inside
of trap in case of stoppage.
No. 9. Sheet 1, Figure 14, is a vertical section; Fig. 15, a plan of an india-rubber
. joint for inspection doors. A, A, is a ring of india-rubber made to the section, as
shewn. It is sprung into a recess at B, B, and a piece of copper wire (or band)
fixed on the outside to keep it in position, as shewn at C, C. The outer body D can
be made out of pottery or metal.
No. 10. Sheet 1, Figure 16, is a vertical section; Fig. 17, sectional elevation of a
bath and flushing arrangement. A, flanged wheel (or drum); B, set screw to fasten
it in any position; C, small wheel for rope to work round; D, bracket for carrying
wheel; E, rope; F, weight; G, socket; H, loose wheel; J, metal joint for con-
necting the top rod to the flushing valve by means of 2 set screws, as shewn on
Drawing.
No. 11. Sheet 1, Figure 18, is a vertical section of a watercloset. A, ventilating
pipe from the back of the trap; B, inspection cover into the trap; C, overflow trap;
D, inspection cap to clean out the trap; E, E, india-rubber joint with V to keep
the rubber in position; U, sunk dish; V, cross handle; H, bracket and bolts for
fastening down the dish; J, J, circular weight for closing off the flushing valve;
K, K, loose rollers for the top of the plunger L, L, to work against to stop any
friction that may arise in working the lever for flushing valve.
A, ven-
No. 12. Sheet 1, Figure 19, is a vertical section of trapless watercloset.
tilating pipe; B, inspection cover; C, overflow trap; M, M, slope of bottom leading
to the outlet of drain. Dotted lines shew the overflow N.
No. 13. Sheet 1, Figure 20, is a vertical section; Fig. 21, a plan of a watercloset.
A, ventilating pipe from the trap and drain; B, inspection door with thumbscrews
for getting at trap in case of stoppage; C on plan shews a piece projecting on the
inside of the flushing arm, so as to spread the water, equally each way (as shewn by
the arrows) for flushing out the basin; D is the arm with a shoulder on the
inside, so as not to allow the pipe E to go against the lip C, and obstruct the
passage of the water.
No. 14. Sheet 2, Figure 22, is a sectional elevation; Figure 23, cross section at A,A;
Fig. 24, plan of a urinett or flushing arrangement: A, loose flap hinged at back;
B, seat hinged at the front; C, C, pottery basin; D, flushing valve; D*, regulating
screw for flush of water; E, bracket for carrying the valve; F, F, cast-lead tacks
made in moulds for joining on to the lead pipes, and securing them to the wall or
woodwork; G, flushing fan for washing out the basin; H, outlet into drain; J, J,
exterior frame for carrying the basin flushing valve, &c.
No. 15. Sheet 2, Figure 25, is a vertical section of a stopper or plug to hold the
water in the basin for cleansing or flushing purposes. A, A, india-rubber ring;
B, B, brass top for rubber to fit on to; C, C, loose ring with V to fasten the rubber
in position, as shewn on the Drawing.
No. 16. Sheet 2, Figure 26, is a vertical section; Figure 27, plan; Figure 28, plan
at B, B. The flushing arm and pipe are at A, A, A, A, for scouring out the basin ;
B, B, overflow arm leading into the trap; C, C, loose ring to fix basin into; D, D,
trap; E. inspection cover leading to the trap.
No. 17. Sheet 2, Figure 29, is a vertical section and elevation of a trapless closet

page_text: for flushing and discharging its contents when in rise. In a former Patent granted
to me, No. 674, in the year 1868, I described a closet with the basin as shewn ; now
I claim the camb A for closing off the discharge valve, and working on a pivot or
bolt B; also for the lever being in two parts with one lug on each C, C, and a bolt
passing through the two for regulating the centres from D to E. The outer case
F, F, is made in one piece of cast iron, and at the back I provide a ventilating
socket G for carrying away any sewer gases that may accumulate under the valve H.
By this means I ventilate the pipes as well as the closet itself.
No. 18. Sheet 2, Figure 30 is a vectical section; Fig. 31, elevation of an exhausting
cowl for drains and other purposes; A, A, tube from soil or other pipe, through
which the foul gases pass; B, B, B, louvre divisions for passing the fresh air in,
which air passing over the mouth of the pipe A forms a vacuum, and draws the
foul air rapidly through the tube A, A, and out of the revolving head C, as indicated.
by the arrows; D is a socket for the spindle E, carrying the revolving head into
which it works.
No. 19. Sheet 3, Figure 32 is a vertical section and elevation of a flushing or
washing down valve for sanitary purposes, and could be employed in case of fire;
A, inlet for the water; B, shutting-off valve; C, frost diaphragm. This-is made of
copper, and when expansion of the ice takes place after a thaw, the water presses
against the underside side of the diaphragm, and thus prevents the pipes from bursting,
and the valve from being destroyed; D, screw for closing or shutting off valve;
E, brass bush for spindle to work into; F, gland or stuffing box for the end of
screw to work into to make it water-tight; G, G, brass bush or seat for the valve
to close against; H, dribble cock to discharge the water out of the chamber J, J, in
case of frost; K, stand pipes, working telescopically; K*, stand pipe, shewn in
elevation, with the nozzle brought up above the floor line to receive the hose pipe.
It also revolves or swivels round to direct the water to any angle. L, L, loose
cap to fit over the mouth of branch when not in use; M, M, stuffing box and gland
for making the branch water-tight when in use; N, N, leather flange for making
the lower end of the branch water-tight when it strikes the seat 0,0; P, P,
throttle valve for shutting off the water when two or more branches are in work at.
the same time for connecting or disconnecting the leather or hose pipes; Q, Q, cast-
iron (or other metal) case for the branch pipes to work into, also the centre screw;
R, R, flange for connecting the lower part J, J, with the case Q, Q, flange R.to rest
on the stone or brickwork for carrying the valve. Figure 33 is a vertical section
Figure 34, plan; Figure 35, sectional elevation; Figure 36, sectional front elevation of
a box and lever for closing over the flushing valve when not in use; A, cover, when
open; B, B, pin to fit in hole C, C, C, when the cover is standing open above the
floor line, as seen at Fig. 33; pin D, D, D, D, D, for the cover to turn over to slide
down the groove E, E, E, so as to bring the top edge of the cover F level with the
ground line, when the branches are in use; G, one or more handles for lifting up or
letting down the cover; H, H, cast-iron box or frame for the cover or lid to rest
upon, when the valve is not in use; I, ledges to receive the cover. Fig. 32 shews
the cover slid down the groove; there are two grooves, one each side of the box.
Fig. 33 shews the cover standing up above the ground line, when the pins B are in
the holes C. Figure 34 shews a plan of the cover on end when it is standing up.
Figure 35 shews the cover closed down level with the ground, when it is not in use.
Figure 36 also shews the cover closed, when not in use.
;
No. 20. Sheet 3, Figure 37 is a vertical section, and Figure 38, a plan of a wash-up
sink and discharge valve; A, A, wood trough or sink, which can be also made of
iron or other material; B, B, discharge washer with grid in the top; C, C, socket
with set screws for fastening to the washer B; D, branch with screw cap E for
inspection. This branch is provided so that any articles that may pass out of the
sink will lodge at the bottom, instead of passing into the drain. F, F, outer case
for the discharge plug to work into; G, plug and seat; H, H, union for connecting
the trap; J, J, trap with inspection plug K at the bottom; L, bracket for fastening.
the outer case to the wall or partition; M, M, bell-mouth to the overflow, so as to

page_text: carry the water away with greater rapidity, and to avoid stoppage; N,N, swell or
projection to allow room around the mouth of the overflow to prevent stoppage;
O, O, lever for pulling up the bell-mouth discharge plug; P, P, section of loose
cover; Px, Px, plan of cover; it is provided with a branch Q on the under side to
receive the top of the discharge case F, F, with set screws for securing the two
together; it is provided with a flange at the ends and back, also ribs, so as to drain
off the water from the brushes and soaps; G*, lip to come over the end of the
sink, so as to drain the water direct into the interior of the sink.
No. 21. Sheet 3, Figure 39 is a vertical section of a closet seat with a brass socket
A and india-rubber buffer B; this buffer strikes against the riser C, and so prevents
the breaking of the seat. It is hinged at the back as shewn.
No. 22. Sheet 3, Figure 40 is a vertical section of, a flushing valve; A, spindle ;
B, B, double bucket leather on end of spindle; C, C, cap screwed to end of the
spindle, and on to the tube D, D. Figure 41 is a plan of the cap; E, E, seat; F, F,
lead weight around the tube; G, G, brass tube or case for sucking up the interior;
H, H, lead weight for bringing the outer case down to its position again, as shewn ;
I, cap; J, lug to fasten the wire or chain for lifting the outer case; K, K, escape
valve for any water that may accumulate in the chamber under the cover; L, valve
for shutting off the water, so as to cause the plunger B, B, to come down slowly;
this brings the seat E, E, against the scat M, M; N, port through which the water
passes up through the valve, and into the chamber O; the plug P is for regulating
the amount of water required for flushing the closet; Q, air pipe to allow the water
to pass out of the cistern rapidly; R, R, cistern; S, thread to secure the valve to
the cistern. Fig. 42 shews a plan of the valve L, and regulating hole T, passing
through the plug P. The ports V, V, are for passing the water out of the cistern,
as shewn by the arrows V, V, when the seat E, E, is up as shewn by the Drawing.
No. 23. Sheet 3, Figure 43 is a vertical section of a closet; A, A, closet basin; B,
pipe with flat top, with inspection door C and branches D, D, to receive the outlet
junction of basins A, A; the seat E is fixed over the basins, and the discharge valve
and plug will be the same as described in Fig. 37, Sheet 3, with this exception, it
has no junction D or cap K under the trap, but has inspection door on the top of
the trap with thumb screw. F shews a section of the pipe B, with flange for con-
necting the pipes together; G is a small flushing valve to wash out the basins.
•
No. 24. Sheet 3, Figure 44, is a vertical section of a discharge and flushing valve of
closet, Fig. 18, Sheet 1; Figure 45, plan of valve; Figure 46, section of valve at C, C,
circular weights Jo, Jo, Jo, Jo, rollers K, K, K, for the plunger L*, L*, to strike
against when it is lifted up; C, C, C, lever for opening the flushing valve; D, D, D,
link motion for connecting the valve spindle DX to the lever; E, elevation of valve;
F, regulating cock; G, G, G, india-rubber ring for working the lever H, H, H, on the
closing off valve; I, I, iron stand; J, J, for carrying the valves; K, K, K, K, body
of closet discharge; K°, K°, outlet for the closet basin; L, L, inlet to valve;
M, M, outlet for flushing closet basin; N, N, joint of lever for working the second
valve; 0, 0, double bucket leather and loose seating working on the end of spindle
D*, spindle P, bucket leather Q, on the spindle P, working in a chamber attached
to the cover so as to make the valve work equilibrately; S, seat on end of the
spindle for shutting up the water against the lower seat T, sunk dish U, for the
handle rod to work through; V, cross handle. Figure 47 is a vertical section of a
valve to regulate the flushing of a closet. It works the same as Fig. 40 in all its
movements, with the exception that there is a stopping box for the spindle B to
work through; weeping pipe C is for passing the water from the chamber D, D; the
pipe E is for bringing in the water to fill the chamber F, F, for regulating the time
for closing the valve. It has no seats or weight, as shewn on Figure 40, B, B, E, E, F, F.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that
I claim the Invention of improvements in the method of and in the general arrange-
ment and combination of apparatus for ventilating buildings, closets, urinals, traps,
drains, and such like purposes, which Invention is also applicable for cleansing,

page_text: flushing, and inspecting the same, as herein-before set forth and described, and
illustrated by the Drawings hereto annexed, it being understood that I do not
claim the constituent parts herein referred to when taken per se, and apart from
the purposes of my said Invention, and I have to remark that the following are
important parts of the several arrangements described in these Presents, and are
here recapitulated in order to define what I claim under the herein-before in part
recited Letters Patent,-
No. 1. Sheet 1, Fig. 1, is a ventilating, revolving cowl to fix on the top of soil or
other pipes for exhausting the foul air of the drains, &c. The wind passes in at the
mouth of the funnel and through the spiral tube, this spiral arrangement is made
about one third of a complete. twist so as to rifle the wind when passing through the
pipe, causing a strong vacuum for exhausting purposes. This spiral arrangement I
claim substantially as described and shewn, the other parts are not new.
No. 2. Sheet 1, Fig. 2, is a ventilating (or smoke) cowl to fix on the top of open
pipes. A fresh current of air passing up through the holes surrounds the mouth and
iningles with the foul air; it then strikes the plate or drum on the under side of the
top cone. The wind striking against the lower cone passes over the mouth, as indi-
cated by the arrows, causing a rapid movement in the upcast pipes, which imine-
diately purges the foul air of the drains, &c.
No. 3. Sheet 1, Figure 3, 4, and 5, is a ventilating drain trap. It is fixed at the
bottom of the soil pipes, and consists of a double socket junctions, one for fresh air.
passing over the top of the water, the other for end of pipes, the current thus passing
through the trap and up the ventilating pipe (as indicated by the arrows) carrying
away all gaseous effluvia. Adjoining the twin junction a second air junction pipe
is fixed on the sewer side of dip for the purpose of purifying the intermediate drains;
by this means it both ventilates and renders it impossible to syphon out the trap.
Immediately over the dip is provided an inspection cap, the object of which is to
obviate the necessity of breaking the joints in case of stoppage (substantially as
above described.
No. 4. Sheet 1, Figure 6 and 7, is a ventilating surface trap provided with double
dips and back foul air junction for the purpose of taking away any gasses that may
accumulate in the intermediate pipes, also with a loose surface grating and inspection
cover, substantially as above described,
No. 5. Sheet 1, Figure 8, is a spiral ventilating drain trap. It is made out of
pottery, and has one twist to form the spiral trap, as indicated by the arrows and
dotted lines. It is provided with a fresh air inlet junction and ventilating junction
from the drains. This is a very simple and perfect trap for sanitary purposes, sub-
stantially as above described.
No. 6. Sheet 1, Figure 9 and 10, is a deodorising ventilating surface trap made in
iron, the main feature in its construction being a deposit of charcoal at the bottom
of the trap through which all fumes and gasses percolate, and then pass out
perfectly purified through the holes under the cover into the waste or ventilating
pipe. It is doubly trapped, and even when the sludge box is taken out to empty
the dirt, the outer dip forms-a perfect trap, and can be used to take off both the
rain and surface waters at the same time, the waters passing out as indicated by the
arrows. It is fixed over the sewer or drain, the pit of which is the same size as
the bottom of the outer case of the trap, and is substantially as shown above.
No. 7. Sheet 1, Figure 11 and 12. This trap is fixed underneath the wash-up or
scullery sink. It is made with a loose cover, with a union to connect with the
outlet of sink, and has a cleaning out cap in the front cheek, with a lip to convey
the sediment into a bucket. The inlet passing downwards deposits all matter at
the bottom of the trap, the water then proceeds upwards and out of the overflow
pipe, substantially as described above.
No. 8. Sheet 1, Figure 13, shews a closet with a ventilating pipe and inspection
door on the top of the trap; what I claim is the parts lettered in the Specification..
No. 9, Sheet 1, Figure 14 and 15, shews an inspection door (or cover) with an
india-rubber ring made to section as shewn. The ring is sprung into its position.

page_text: and then fastened by wire, or a ring, on the outside to keep it in the recess. When
fixed, the edge of the rubber is pressed against the front surface, and becomes air
or water tight, substantially as described above.
No. 10. Sheet 1, Figure 16 and 17, is an arrangement for closing or shutting the
flushing valve when the valve is opened by the wheel on the top, the weight closes
it, one end of the rope passes once round the drum, the other end being fastened to
the weight. The instant the hand is taken off the wheel, or the wheel taken off
the end of the spindle, the weight then acts upon the drum by means of the rope
and shuts off the valve. The joint for connecting the lever rod and valve together
is substantially as described in Specification.
No. 11. Sheet 1, Figure 18, Figure 19, Figure 20, and Figure 21. I do not claim the
outside casing as it is old, only those parts that refer to the ventilating, inspection, and
trapping, also the parts in dotted lines, substantially as described in Specification.
No. 14. Sheet 2, Figure 22, 23, and 24, a urinett. The pottery basin is let into a
wood frame with a flushing valve leading into the arm of the basin, the seat is
hinged in front, the other end has a socket let into the wood; this socket rests on
a brass regulating screw. When the person sits upon the seat it presses on the
screw, and so opens the valve to flush out the basin. When the person rises from.
the seat, the flushing valve then closes and shuts off the water ready for the next
person to use. The construction of this apparatus is substantially as described in
Specification and Drawings.
No. 15. Sheet 2, Figure 25, shews a stopper to maintain the water in the basin for
flushing and washing purposes. I claim the parts léttered on Drawing, the exterior
. parts are old and form part of a slop closet.
!
No. 16. Sheet 2, Figures 26, 27, and 28, shew a closet with a double flushing
arrangement and overflow leading into the trap and inspection cover. This I claim
substantially as described in Specification and Drawing.
No. 17. Sheet 2, Figure 29. I claim respecting this part of my Invention the
arrangements as described and shewn by Drawing.
No. 18. Sheet 2, Figure 30 and 31, is a louvre exhausting cowl. It consists of an
upward current pipe, which passes the foul air up the interior of the cowl; the
louvres are so arranged that the current of air passes into the interior of the bend,
which causes a vacuum over the mouth of the pipe, and thus exhausts all impurities
through the bend. The lantern portion of the cowl remains stationery while the
bend revolves, so as to avoid the air passing in at the mouth, and whatever direction
or point the wind may be blowing from, it enables the full current to pass through
the louvres as indicated by the arrows. I claim this substantially as described
above and shewn on Drawing.
No. 19. Sheet 3, Figure 32, is a telescopic, revolving, flushing, or washing valve for
sanitary purpose, which could also be employed in case of fire. It consists of one,
two, or more branches that work up and down, and swivel around at any angle in
order to direct the water to one or more points at the same time. When in use,
the branches are pulled up above the ground line, and when not in use they are
pushed down below the ground line, so as to admit of the cover closing all in out
of harm's way. The branches may have a throttle or other valve as shewn, so as to
connect or disconnect the hose pipes when one or more branches are in work.
This will save the time of closing the main valve. The under of the main valve
is provided with a frost diaphragm in case the water under the valve should freeze,
when the diaphragm will collapse and allow expansion to take place without
bursting the valves or pipes. This is also provided with a draw-off pet cock for
discharging the water out of the body of the valve in case of frost. The top case
and lower body are connected together with flanges and bolts. This mode of valve
and branches working telescopically and swivelling to any angle at the same time,
either below or above the ground line, with throttle valve inserted in the branches,
I claim, substantially as described.
No. 19 (continued). Figure 32, 33, 34, 35, and 36, shew various views of a valve
box. It consists of an outer frame on the ground level and 2 slides (or grooves)

page_text: passing into a pit one each side the cover. When the cover is closed down over the
valve it is all level with the ground line, but when lifted up vertically it passes
or rolls over 2 pins, one on each side of the frame. It then slides down the grooves
into the pit, and the top edge comes level with the ground line, the object of this
being to have everything level and out of the way during the time the valves are
in use.
The pit for the valve and cover to work in may be made out of brick or
stone according to fancy; further, the size of the frame and cover gives the size for
making the pit both in width and depth.
No. 20. Sheet 3, Figure 37 and 38, is a wash trough or sink made in wood or metal
with an outlet at the bottom with a branch below to catch any articles that may
pass through the grating. This branch is provided with a screw cap to remove
anything that may pass into it. The overflow is provided with a bell mouth and
knob for pulling it up, and for dischargeing the contents of the sink and the outer
case with a projection, so as the water may flow rapidly down the overflow, as
indicated by the arrows. At the bottom of the plug seat I provide a union to attach
a trap, and at the bottom of this trap there is a screw cap, being a ready means
of getting at any articles that may pass into it; the plate or the top is made with
a flange at the ends and back, also a lip to run the water direct into the sink. On
the top of this plate are provided a number of ribs so as to drain off the soap,
brushes, &c., dry. This I claim substantially as described.
No. 21. Figure 39 shews a closet seat with india-rubber buffer at the front and
hinged at the back; this buffer and socket is provided so as to prevent the breaking
of the seat when slammed down on to the riser, as shewn. For a closet seat, 2 of
these buffers can be used, that is to say, one each end of the seat.
No. 22. Sheet 3, Figure 40, is a regulating flushing valve for closets. It is so
arranged that by pulling up the outer case it sucks up the inner case and bucket
leather, so if the outer case be kept up, the centre case and plunger will drop slowly
on to the seat below giving the required quantity of water. The plug is for
regulating the time the seat takes to drop down when the small valve is closed off.
The air pipe is to admit air into the lower chamber or pipe, so as to cause a rapid
flow of water for flushing out the closet. When the plunger is lifted up, the water
passes into the centre chamber through the port and valve, as indicated by the
arrow, and passes out through the small regulating plug; this alone gives the time
for one seat to bed on to another and close off the valve. This I claim, substantially
as described and shewn on the Drawing.
No. 23. Sheet 3, Figure 43, is a closet range with basins inserted into the junction
of the pipes; the discharge valve is made with a bell mouth to take the overflow
water rapidly away, and to make the water the right height in the basins. It is
provided with a small flushing valve for washing out the basin. This I claim as
shewn by the Drawing.
No. 24. Sheet 3, Figures 44, 45, 46, and 47, shew the arrangement of a double
flushing valve for closets. The lever is connected to a round weight with two
rollers for the top of plunger to strike against; this lever works the first valve as
seen on plan and section. On the end of this lever there is an india-rubber ring
for working the second lever on the outside valve. The short lever has a centre
bracket for the fulcrum. By lifting up the large lever to open the first valve, the
india-rubber rings pull up the small lever and close off the second valve, so as not to
allow any flushing water to pass into the closet until the handle of the plunger has
returned to its seat. The first valve is then regulated by a cock, so as to allow the
large lever to travel slowly down in order to give the required quantity of water
for each flush, as indicated by the arrows. The dish is secured to the body of the
closet by two or more angle straps with screws each end. The rod works through
the dish with a cross handle on the top. This I claim, substantially as shewn on
the Drawing and described.
Sheet 3, Figure 47, is a regulator for flushing purposes. It has a centre spindle
working through a stopping box on the top. On the lower end of the spindle there
is a valve and bucket leather, this works up and down the tube, it then sucks in

page_text: the water through the lower valve, and on its return action it closes it. The small
cock regulates the time the valve has to be kept closed for giving the quantity of
water for flushing the closet, the outer weight is for bringing down the plunger
when it is regulating. This I claim, as described and shewn on the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James George Stidder, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
JAMES GEORGE STIDDER.. (L.S.)