IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE COLLARS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to: Isaac Careless, of Walsall, in the County of
Stafford, Collar Maker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE
COLLARS."
Scaled the 2nd June 1874, and dated the 5th December 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isaac Careless at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
5th December 1873.
the
I, ISAAC CARELESS, of Walsall, in the County of Stafford, Collar
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN HORSE COLLARS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of forming horse collars so as to dispense with
the hame, and in order to do this I fix around the outside of the body
of the collar a metal rim, either round, or half round, or flat as required,
which rim being afterwards covered. with the side pieces is out of sight:
when the collar is completed and gives the collar the appearance of
being double lined. I attach to the rim by means of a joint, hooks or
spring traps, the back part of each being formed into a flat plate so as to

page_text: throw the strain upon the hook or spring trap over a large surface of
the collar. These hooks or spring traps are for the purpose of attaching
the traces or chains to the collar. By this means when the collar is
in use the hidden metal rim is made to take the place of a hame.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Isaac Careless in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 5th June 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ISAAC
CARELESS, of Walsall, in the County of Stafford, Collar Maker, [send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the-Fifth-day-of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Isaac Careless, Her special
licence that I, the said Isaac Careless, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Isaac Careless, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE
COLLARS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Isaac
Careless, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Isaac Careless, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say:-
My Invention consists of forming horse collars so as to dispense with

page_text: the hame, and in order to do this I fix around the outside of the body of
the collar a metal rim, either round, half round, or flat as required,
which rim being afterwards covered with the side pieces is out of sight,
when the collar is completed and gives the collar the appearance of
being double lined.. I attach to the rim by means of a joint, hooks or
spring traps, the back part of each being formed into a flat plate or
bent bar so as to throw the strain upon the hook or spring trap over
a large surface of the collar. These hooks or spring traps are for the
purpose of attaching the traces or chains to the collar. By this means
when the collar is in use the hidden metal rim is made to take the place
of a hame.
I will now proceed to describe my Invention more fully in detail by
aid of the accompanying Drawings, reference being had to the letters
and figures marked thereon.
Figures 1 and 2 represent horse collars with my improvements
applied thereto so as to dispense with the ordinary hame. I fix around
the body of the collar a metal rim (a), either round, half round, or flat
in section, as required, and this rim is covered, as shewn, with the
leather side pieces so as to be out of sight when the collar is completed,
giving it the appearance of being double lined. I attach to the rim (a)
by means of hinge joints (b, b'), Fig. 1, and (c, c'), Fig. 2; hooks,
spring traps, or catch fasteners (d, d¹), Fig. 1, or (e, e¹²), Fig. 2, the back
part of each fastener being formed into bent bars or flat plates, the
ends of which are connected to the rim (a) for the hinge joints (6, 6¹)
and (c, c¹), and so as to throw the strain upon the hooks, spring traps,
or catch fasteners (d, d¹) and (e, e¹) over a large surface of the collar.
The hooks, spring traps, or catch fasteners are for the purpose of
attaching the traces or chains to the collar, by which means when the
collar is in use the hidden metal rim takes the place of a hame.
The fasteners (d, d¹), Fig. 1, and (e, e¹), Fig. 2, are shewn in the
Drawings 'closed on the left-hand side of the collars and open on the
right-hand side thereof, and they are also shewn similarly closed and
open detached from the collars in elevation, Figs. 3, 4, and 5, 6.
The fastening of the hook or spring trap (d, d²), Figs. 1, 3, and 4, is
effected by the middle bar (d¹) hinged to the rim (a) at (6¹) having a
slot or hole (f) cut through its head so as to pass over the spring
catch or hook (9) formed as part of the bent bar (d) (or flat plate if

page_text: employed), the catch or hook (g) being hinged to a centre and contained
with its spring in a recess as at (h) cut in the lug (i). When the parts
are to be closed for use the eye of the trace or end of the chain is
passed over the lug (i), and the middle bar (d³) is pressed down so
as to slip over the catch or hook (9) when the parts of the fastening
will be secured as in Fig. (3).
The spring trap or catch (e, e¹), shewn in Figs. 2, 5, and 6, consists
of a barrel (e¹) hinged to the bent bar (or plate) (e), the barrel (e¹)
contains a bolt (k) held in place in the barrel (e¹) by a helical spring,
but capable of being partially withdrawn for opening or securing the
fastening by a thumb piece (1); (m) is a lug on the bar or plate (e) and
upon which the eye or end of the trace or chain is placed, the lug (m)
having a hole (n) pierced through its head, a vertical recess being also
made in the barrel part (e¹) for the lug (m) to enter; the bolt (%) is
slightly withdrawn from the barrel (e¹) for securing the parts when the
barrel (e¹) is down on the lug (m), and when released the bolt (k)
by the force of its spring will regain its position, the end of the bolt
entering the hole (n) of the lug (m), thereby effectually securing the
parts.
For further securing the eye of the trace and preventing its tearing 2
away, I may if necessary insert between the leathers a plate of thin
metal to strengthen the part which has to bear the strain in wear.
Having thus described the object and nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be carried into effect, I claim,
without limiting myself to these precise details, the improvements in
horse collars, substantially in manner as herein more fully set forth and
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Isaac Careless, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Second day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
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