matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- PACTURE OF CARBONATE OF SODA AND OF POTASH
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Kessler at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd February
1867.
I, CHARLES KESSLER, of Frankfort-/-Maine, Germany, Chemist, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
PACTURE OF CARBONATE OF SODA AND OF POTASH," to be as follows:-
Instead of the sulphuric acid and other materials used hitherto for decom-
posing the rock salt and chloride of potassium I employ the protoxyde of
chromium, chromate of iron, chromate of lead, a mixture of protoxyde of
chromium with brown stone (manganese), or other combinations of chromium,
none of which up to this day have ever been used for manufacturing soda or
potash. I mix the rock salt (or the chloride of potassium) well together with
the chromates, and beat this mixed mass to a red heat, steam is then thrown
over the said heated mass, which is then decomposed, and the hydrochloric acid
escapes. I mix the remaining mass up with charcoal or other carbonized
substance, roast it well and transform it by one of the ordinary ways into
carbonate of soda or potash. If, for instance, à mixture of protoxyde of
chrome and rock salt is brought to a red heat, and steam is thrown over the
mass, the result is (especially if at the same time the atmospheric air is
acting it) that chromate of soda and hydrochloric acid escapes. The said
chromate being then mixed up with charcoal and heated to a light red heat
carbonate of soda and protoxyde of chromium are formed. If this "frit" is

page_text: lixiviated with water the carbonate of soda is dissolved and the protoxyde of
chromium remains, and may be employed for new operations. Instead of the
protoxyde of chromium chromate of iron or lead, or a mixture of protoxyde
with brown stone, other combinations of chromium can be used with the same
success. The brown stone, for instance, is very well qualified for transferring
the oxygen to the protoxyde of chromium.
A NEW OR IMPROVED PAN FOR COOKING OMELETTES OR FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Anne Eliza Griffiths at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with her Petition, on the 20th April
1867.
I, ANNE ELIZA GRIFFITHS, of Kensington, in the County of Middlesex,
Widow, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR
IMPROVED PAN FOR COOKING OMELETTES OR FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention is intended to be used as a substitute for the ordinary frying
pan for cooking omelettes or other similar dishes which require a like
treatment.
The pan is made somewhat similar in form to the ordinary frying pan, but
instead of being made of one thickness of metal only, as usual, it is made of
two thicknesses, having an enclosed space between them to contain water, so
that it is in fact a frying pan with a jacket or bath of hot water surrounding
the bottom and sides. The handle of the pan is partly hollow or tubular
being connected with the water space, and is provided with an opening closed
by a screw cap for filling or emptying the same; there is also a small valve
for allowing of the escape of steam.
AN IMPROVED ARRANGE- KENT OF REEDS TO BE USED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Rorison at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th June
1867.
I, DAVID RORISON, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED ARRANGE-
KENT OF REEDS TO BE USED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows, that is to
say :-
This Invention consists in so constructing the reeds used in looms for
weaving that the warp threads shall not rub or wear against each other
during the shedding of the warp as is at present the case, and this object is
carried into effect by using one or more reeds placed one behind the other, so
that the split of one reed intersects or divides the split of another situated
either before or behind it, and it is preferred to call this arrangement of the
reeds "bosoming," and the one or more reeds so used are combined together
into one and the same rib or frame, and placed in the lay of the loom in the
ordinary manner.
It follows from this arrangement that each warp thread may be situated
in, the space between one split or dent in one reed and the next split
or dent in another reed, either before or behind it, so that by means of this

page_text: Invention a perfect guide is obtained for each warp thread, and any one warp
thread is prevented from direct wearing contact with another warp thread..
Or if desired more than one warp thread may be placed between a split or
dent of one reed and the next split or dent of another reed either before or
behind it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLEANING AND POLISHING BOOTS, SHOES, KNIVES, FORKS, PLATE, AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James John Holden at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th October
1867.
I, JAMES JOHN HOLDEN, of Bermondsey, in the County of Surrey, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR CLEANING AND POLISHING BOOTS, SHOES, KNIVES, FORKS, PLATE, AND
OTHER ARTICLES," to be as follows:-
A framework supports a fly wheel or driving wheel which is actuated by a
handle or treadle, and transmits rotary motion by strap and pulley or otherwise
to two or more shafts placed at the upper part, lower part, and sides (or at two
or more of such parts) of the framework.
When used for boots, shoes, and the like these shafts carry brushes made
concave at their peripheries and set on concave stocks or concave parts
of the shafts, and they have projecting ends to accommodate their shape to the
boot, shoe, or foot covering. Between the brushes the shafts are made concave.
Each shaft or spindle should carry three brushes, one for cleaning off mud,
another for applying blacking, polish, or varnish, and a third for rubbing or
polishing. The second brush may have a hollow stock to supply the blacking
or polishing agent. The framework may be on rollers or casters to render the

page_text: apparatus portable. A hand rail on the framework steadies the person whose
boots are being cleaned, and serves to impel the apparatus when portable.
The lower brushes enable persons to have their boots cleaned when on the
feet. The brush spindles being in various positions permit of several boots
being cleaned at once. Part of the framework forms a table and is fitted
with a drawer.
For cleaning knives, forks, plate, and other articles the boot brushes or
brush spindles are withdrawn, and brushes, emery surfaces, or other suitable
agents or spindles carrying the same are placed in the framework.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HOES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Adkins at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th October
1867.
I, FRANCIS ADKINS, of the Brades Iron and Steel Works, Rowley Regis,
in the County of Stafford, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HOES," to be as
follows, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in manufacturing hoes, whether of iron, steel, or
steel iron, or iron and steel, or any of these metals combined, by rolling strips,
sheets, or bars of such metal or metals into a form to make, when cut into
shapes, the article required to be produced. This is effected by forming the
rolls between which the metal is to be passed of such section that the strips,
sheets, or bars of metal will issue from them with ribs, knuckles, or pro-
jections formed thereon, and with parts from which the eyes, tangs, sockets,
or langets are afterwards formed; or when requisite the eyes are shaped and
viced, bent round upon a beak iron, and welded, thus forming eyes, tangs,
sockets, or langets solid with the blade of the hoe; or a stud or knuckle
being formed upon the blade a separate socket or langet may be welded
thereon. By this process many blanks for hoes are produced by one rolling,
and these are separated from each other by stamping, pressing, shearing, or
other convenient mode. The implement may be planished and finished in the
ordinary manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SKATES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Cooke Parson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th December
1867.
I, THOMAS COOKE PARSON, junior, of the City and County of Bristol,
Surgeon Dentist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SKATES," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
My Invention consists in forming the heel portions of skates so as to obtain
a ready means of attachment or removal of the same by the wearer. This I
propose to effect by forming a cushion, bar, or band of metal to surround the
heel when secured, and suitably hinged to each side of the heel tread of the
skate so as to be capable of moving up and down upon its hinged centres for
the
purpose of adjustment or removal of the skate. The heel tread or plate of
the skate may be either a casting of metal or formed of wood, and is recessed
or grooved to receive a bar and spring. The bar is furnished with a thumb
bit or catch, which may be situate and protrude at the rear of the heel plate.
The use of this spring bar and catch is when pressed inwards to permit
the beel band to pass over it, when it will fly back by the force of the spring
and act as a catch to the heel band, preventing its downward movement until
another pressure of the catch for the purpose of release. The heel plate is
also provided with a guage piece capable of adjustment for various sizes of
boots, and upon this guage is formed a stop with teeth, points, or a plain
sharp edge. The object of this stop is to prevent the displacement of the heel
by abutting or affixing itself rigidly to the inner edge of the same. If desired
the heel baud may be form.ed rigid with the heel plate, and the guage piece

page_text: made as a slide for adjusting the skate to the size of the heel by means of a
screw. In place of the catch already specified 1 propose in some instances to
provide a set screw passing through the hinged heel band into the heel plate
or a pin from side to side, or either of these arrangements upon the inner edge
of the heel plato. In connection with the heel portions of skates so formed!
purpose constructing the foot or forward ends of the same with any suitable or
ordinary means for adjusting such parts to the foot, such as a metallic rest for
the foot turned up at each side and secured to the wood or casting, and a toe
piece of leather arranged for lacing or straps, or straps alone may be employed
if preferred.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND TWISTING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Busfield at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd March
1867.
I, WILLIAM BUSFIELD, of Bradford, in the County of York, Worsted
Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND TWISTING FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be
as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to produce an irregular or variegated twist
in yarns spun or twisted from two or more colours of fibrous substances, and
the improvements consist in applying eccentric or oval gear wheels for giving
motion to the front drawing rollers of spinning or twisting frames, or appa-
ratus, whereby such rollers are caused to rotate at a varying speed, or quicker
at one part of a revolution than at another according to the amount of
eccentricity of the wheels employed for driving them, and therefore causing
an irregular issue of the fibrous substances from the said rollers whilst the
spinning or twisting process is proceeding in the usual regular manner, and
consequently giving more twist to the yarn when the rollers are rotating at a
slow speed than when rotating at a quick speed, thus producing an irregular
or varigated twist in such yarns.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CAMP OR FOLDING BEDSTEADS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Browne at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
December 1867.-A communication from abroad by Robert Clegg, of
40, Boulevard de Sebastopol, in the Empire of France.
I, BENJAMIN BROWNE, of 49, King William Street, in the City of London,
Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CAMP OR FOLDING
BEDSTEADS."A communication from abroad by Robert Clegg, of 40, Boulevard
de Sebastopol, in the Empire of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates more particularly to portable bedsteads and such as
are required to fuld into a small compass, and the principal features of novelty
consist, first, in the construction of the hinged parts or folding joints;
secondly, in the method of connecting together and securely fixing the cross
legs of the bedstead; and, thirdly, the general arrangement and combination
of the several parts employed to form an entire bedstead.
The following will serve as an example of the mode of constructing
bedsteads according to this Invention, that is to say:-The sides of the bed-
stead are formed of round pieces of wood in three parts hinged together by
metal hinges so as to be capable of being folded up; around these side pieces
the sacking of the bedstead is securely fixed by sewing or otherwise. The
hinges above mentioned are each formed of two pieces of malleable cast iron,
and into one of such said pieces a flat piece of metal is securely fixed, and
has a slot or long hole formed therein, through which passes a pin, the said

page_text: pin being fixed across one end of a short tube of metal, the other end of the
said tube having a round piece of wood securely fixed thereinto, and in this
manner each and every hinged piece is provided, these said pieces of wood
being employed as the legs of the bedstead, and also to keep the sacking dis-
tended; to effect this I cross the legs like the letter X, and around each of
the crossing parts thereof is fixed a short tube of metal, in one of which and
midway of its length is fixed a T-shaped piece of metal which is intended to
take and lock into a corresponding shaped recess formed in the tube which is
upon the other leg, and by these means the legs are firmly held together.
The legs at the head part of the bedstead are formed longer than the other
legs for the purpose of making the sacking higher at this part of the bedstead
so as to serve the purpose of a pillow. It is proposed to employ cross legs
of the above construction in the construction of ordinary iron folding bedsteads
made with cross legs.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INDICATING HORIZONTAL, VERTICAL, OR ANY ANGULAR OR INCLINED LINE, POSITION, OR SURFACE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isaac M°Kimm at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th November
1867.
I, ISAAC M KIMM, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INDICATING HORIZONTAL, VERTICAL, OR ANY ANGULAR OR
INCLINED LINE, POSITION, OR SURFACE," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which relates to an improved apparatus to be used for
adjusting or ascertaining the horizontal vertical, or angular positions of parts of
machines, engines, or structures, consists of a metallic base plate which is
truly levelled so as to be applied to any line or surface. At the central part
of the metallic plate an upright projecting piece is situated and through which
a hole is formed to receive a circular stud which can be rotated therein, the
outer end of this stud carrying a box containing a spirit level whilst to the
opposite end an index plate is fixed. The extreme end of the stud on which
the index plate is fixed has a screw formed on it over which a thumb nut is.
placed, and the body of the nut is made slightly conical so that the index
plate may at any time be firmly fixed and accurately adjusted thereon. The
periphery of the index plate is cut with teeth, and a retaining catch or spring.
is fixed to the base plate with a tooth on it which fits into the spaces between

page_text: the teeth on the plate so that by depressing the catch the level may be shifted
to occupy any angle in either a right or left hand direction; a stop is also
placed on the under side of the one end of the box containing the level tube,
and its end rests upon an adjustable screw, so that the accuracy of the
instrument can at any time be fixed by placing it on a level surface and
adjusting the screw until the bubble stands in a central position whether the
instrument be applied to a truly horizontal or truly vertical surface.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PADDING FOR HORSE COLLARS, SADDLES, AND HARNESS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Henry Pierce at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th September 1867.
I, GEORGE HENRY PIERCE, of Yatton, in the County of Somerset, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PADDING FOR HORSE COLLARS, SADDLES, AND HARNESS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the padding of horse collars and saddles and such
other parts of harness as require to be padded, and is intended as a substitute
for the padding of horsehair, woollen or cotton flock, or other similar material
hitherto employed for such purpose.
According to this Invention the padding is effected by means of air
contained in a cushion or bag of suitable form made of air-proof material.
The casing or bag is to be constructed air-tight of vulcanized india-rubber
strengthened with canvas or other suitable woven fabric, and attached to the
inside of the leather (or other material of which the collar is composed) by
means of a solution of india-rubber or other waterproof cement, and charged
with air in the same manner as an air cushion. Collars and saddles padded
in this way will accommodate themselves to the form of any horse, and fit
much better than those padded in the usual way, and will be much less likely
to gall or injure the neck, withers, or back of the animal.
IMPROVED SAFETY APPARATUS FOR MINING CAGES, HOISTS, AND LIFTS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Povey Harper at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th March 1
1867.
I, JOHN POVEY HARPER, of 7, Regent Terrace, London Road, Derby,
Mining Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED SAFETY APPARATUS FOR MINING CAGES, HOISTS, AND LIFTS," to be
as follows:
This Invention has for its object the prevention of accidents in the event of
the winding rope or chain breaking or becoming by any means disconnected,
and is applicable to mining cages, hoists, and lifts of any description, size,
and weight, running between ordinary metallic or wire rope conductors.
The apparatus is self-acting and very simple and inexpensive in its con-
struction. When brought into play on the severance of the winding rope
from the cage or lift its operation is (of its own accord) to bring the cage or
lift to an immediate stand, and hold or suspend it by means of catches, which.
grip and fasten upon the conductors until the readjustment of the winding
rope, upon which the apparatus spontaneously releases its grasp of the
conductors, and the whole is again in working order. I effect this object by
means of catches or compressors of peculiar construction made (in plan) in a
fork-like shape, and of any proportionate elevational depth, which work on each
side of the conductors on axles attached to the cage or lift, and when not in
play are held on each side of the conductors at an acute angle, and when
brought into play, as presently explained, slide into one another and inclose

page_text: the conductors, assuming a nearly horizontal position, and forming (both in
plan and elevation) a circular hole less in diameter than the conductor, so that
as the angle increases so will the compression also increase on the conductor
in proportion to the weight on the cage or lift.
The catches are constructed with lever ends, and when the cage or lift hangs
freely on the winding rope they are held apart from the conductors by side
rods attached on each side of the cage or lift to main vertical and shouldered
rods working through guide boxes, in each of which are inserted spiral springs
bearing on the shoulders of the main vertical rods, which main vertical rods
are connected on each side of the cage or lift by a cross bar working over the
top or cover of the cage or lift and attached to the winding rope. On the
winding rope breaking or becoming disconnected from the cage or lift
the spiral springs hitherto held in subjection are released, and assist in bringing
the catches into instantaneous play, which then sliding into one another so
grip, fasten on, and compress the conductors that the cage or lift is brought to
an immediate stand.
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Soller and Edward
Barber at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 23rd March 1867.
We, JOHN HENRY SOLLER and EDWARD BARBER, both of Clerkenwell, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS," to be as follows:-
Our improvements in umbrellas and parasols provide for keeping the same
firmly open or shut without any opening or slit in the stick, and at the same
time render them portable by a sliding of the handle into the stick, so that
the umbrella when shut up shall be but little longer than the ribs.
By our plan the stick of an umbrella or parasol is made tubular, and that
part of the stick carrying the handle is likewise tubular but of smaller
dimensions, and slides telescopically into the upper one, being made steady by
sliding through a packed stuffing box. When the lower or handle stick is
drawn out to its proper extent three spring catches are liberated from within
it and come against the cap of the stuffing box, and so prevent the handle
being drawn out too far.
When it is desired to shorten the stick the handle is pushed in, and the
spring catches are so made that they recede into the tube and offer no
obstruction to the handle sliding in. On the frame tube is the runner, and
this is provided with a spring lever having a notch at its upper end to catch

page_text: on a circular projection higher up the stick which bolds the umbrella open;
when it is shut the other end of the spring lever acts as a catch for holding it
shut by falling into a notch in an enlargement of the tube near the lower end.
The material used for the tubular sticks, catches, or levers may be iron, brass,
German silver, or alluminium, or any suitable composition.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS. IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WATER TUYERES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Onslow and Francis Northall
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
22nd June 1867.
We, JOHN ONSLOW, of Darby End, in the County of Worcester, Refiner,.
and FRANCIS NORTHALL, of Netherton, in the same County, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS.
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WATER TUYERES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved manner of constructing water tuyeres-
for blast furnaces and for other like purposes, and has for its object to ensure
such a continual flow of water through the tuyere as to keep it cool. and
prevent it from becoming destroyed by the heat of the furnace.
Our improved water tuyere is so constructed that the waterway is divided
into two parts, which parts are by preference of equal proportions. The
division is effected by placing inside the waterway two metal stops or
partitions which are opposite to each other, and which fit quite up to the
back part of the tuyere, reaching to within about three inches of the nose-
or front part of the tuyere.
The object of this arrangement is to compel the water contained in the
tuyere to pass freely round its nose or front part, the stops or partition's
already mentioned serving as channels or guides for the water. The outlet
pipe of the tuyere is of smaller diameter than its inlet pipe, the former being

page_text: by preference one-fourth part of an inch less than the latter. From what
has been said it will be apparent that our improved water tuyere offers many
important advantages over those in general use, for generally after the tuyere
is once filled with water there is nothing to force a constant flow of water
round the nose or front part, so that the water at that part is heated until
steam is generated, when the fresh supply of water is forced back again out
of the tuyere, and the nose becoming overheated the iron in the furnace soon
adheres to it and the tuyere is destroyed; but by our improvements these and
other like evils are altogether remedied and the proper working of the tuyere
is ensured.
COVERING BUCKLES, SADDLE-TREES, TURRETS, HOOKS, AND OTHER METALLIC TRIMMINGS FOR CARRIAGES AND HARNESS WITH A COATING OF VULCANIZED OR HARD RUBBER, GUTTA PERCHA, OR OTHER GUM
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Albright at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st June 1867.
I, ANDREW ALBRIGHT, of Dryden, in the State of New York, in the United
States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"COVERING BUCKLES, SADDLE-TREES, TURRETS, HOOKS, AND OTHER METALLIC
TRIMMINGS FOR CARRIAGES AND HARNESS WITH A COATING OF VULCANIZED OR
HARD RUBBER, GUTTA PERCHA, OR OTHER GUM," to be as follows:-
The said Invention consists in protecting the various metallic trimmings
used upon carriages and harness from rust and tarnishing by covering their
surfaces with a coating of vulcanized caoutchouc or hard rubber, gutta percha,
or other gum.
There are various modes in which the rubber or other material may be
applied to the metal. I will describe one simple mode which has been success-
fully practised. The buckle or other article to be covered is first enveloped
with a coating of rubber or rubber paste, and is then enclosed in a suitable
two-part flask, the said flask is then put into a boiler or "vulcanator" and
"vulcanized" to the desired degree of hardness in the manner in which.
vulcanizing is usually practised. When gutta percha or other material is
used instead of the rubber the mode of application is somewhat similar.
In the Drawing accompanying this Specification, Figure 1 shows a sectional
view of a flask or mould X containing a buckle A enclosed in its coating c of
rubber or rubber paste.

page_text: Figure 2 shows a section of a saddle-tree, in which e indicates the metal,
and the vulcanized rubber coating.
Figure 3 represents a finished buckle.
Articles protected in this manner can neither be injured by rust or tarnished
by exposure to the vapors of a stable, and have a very ornamental appearance.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PROMOTION OF ECONOMY IN THE COMBUSTION OF GAS, PETROLEUM, AND OTHER OILS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
March 1867. A communication from abroad by Oscar Louis and Jean
Hoedemaker, of Anvers, in the Kingdom of Belgium.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR THE PROMOTION OF ECONOMY IN
THE COMBUSTION OF GAS, PETROLEUM, AND OTHER OILS," a communication to me
from abroad by Oscar Louis and Jean Hoedemaker, of Auvers, in the
Kingdom of Belgium, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of an apparatus to be placed over the top of the
globe or chimney used in the combustion of gas or oil, which apparatus by
preventing the too rapid exit of the gas causes a great saving in the quantity
thereof consumed, at the same time improving the combustion and giving a
better light.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 is a top view of this improved
apparatus; Fig. 2 is a vertical section of same; and Fig. 8 is an under side
view thereof.
A is a cap, with its lower part expanded, and having near its apex and
parallel to its lower extremity two rows of circular apertures for the exit of

page_text: the air entering the globe or chimney. Attached to the bottom of the said
cap is a circular plate C (Fig. 2) turned down towards the centre, leaving a
circular opening therein. On the exterior surface of the said plate C are three
ribs or projections D, upon which ribs the apparatus rests on the top of the
chimney or globe.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MECHANISM OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR CUTTING PAPER, PASTEBOARD, TEXTILE FABRICS, AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Craib Ross at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th October
1867.
I, ROBERT CRAIB Ross, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MECHANISM OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR CUTTING PAPER, PASTEBOARD, TEXTILE
FABRICS, AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
My improvements are designed for the purpose of cutting paper or textile
fabrics by means of a circular knife mounted so as to cut materials offered or
presented to the cutting edge of such knife in a clean and perfect manner,
and the improvements consist in mounting the circular disc knife in bearings
that are arranged so as to allow such knife to revolve in a fixed position, or
the said bearings are arranged so as to cause such circular knife to advance
whilst revolving. The material to be cut is fixed by clamps or otherwise so
as to rise in a direct line against the cutting edge of the knife, having thereby
their edges clearly severed or cut; or in case the knife is moveable whilst
revolving the goods are fixed whilst being cut. At the opposite end of the
knife from its cutting edge a hone or sharpener is adjusted so as to keep the
knife whilst cutting and revolving in a sharp and keen condition.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SAFES AND OTHER DEPOSITORIES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Rowlinson Ratcliff at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th September 1867.
I, DANIEL ROWLINSON RATCLIFF, of the Firm of Thomas Milner and Son,
Phoenix Safe Works, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SAFES AND OTHER DEPOSITORIES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the construction of safes and other similar
depositories, and is designed to render the corners or angles where the sides
of such chambers meet and are connected stronger and better able to resist
violence than hitherto.
The improvements consist in the application and use of solid metallic bars
for the angles (that is, at the extremities of each end and side of the safe),
which bars are provided with deep grooves into which all the plates forming
top, bottom, sides, and back, fit and are embedded; and through certain parts.
of the length of each bar, taper, or wedge-like slots are formed, into and
through which corresponding pieces of the side, top, bottom, and back plates
enter, the plates being so cut as to leave these pieces projecting so as to enter
the slots. The safe or chamber is constructed or put together by fitting the
plates into the bars at each angle and then hammering out or rivetting the
pieces of plate projecting through the wedge-like slots so as to spread out or
expand the said projecting pieces into dovetail form, and to fill the slots by

page_text: the expansion of such pieces whereby the sides are securely held together, and
cannot be burst asunder without withdrawing all the dovetail pieces of the
sides from the taper slots to the angle bars, which would require enormous
force.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RUDDERS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th August 1867.-A communication from abroad by Thomas William
Murray, of New York City, in the United States of America.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RUDDERS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing the rudder with a wrought or hollow
cast-iron post provided with a projecting V-shaped feather for receiving the
back of the blade of the rudder, which is of wood, and is secured to the
post by means of metal straps which pass round the post and are fixed to the
blade by transverse bolts. The rudder post is secured to the stern post of the
Vessel by means of similar straps, which pass round the rudder post and lie
in recesses made in the rudder post. These recesses admit of the post having
considerable endway or vertical motion. The post is supported from above
by means of a collar which rests on a plate let into the deck.
I
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FELTS, AND IN MACHINERY CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Anderson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th October
1867.
I, JAMES ANDERSON, of Ballymacarrett, in the County of Down, in Ireland,
Felt Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FELTS, AND IN MACHINERY CONNECTED
THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of the materials commonly
known as sheathing, inodorous, and roofing felts, and consists in the first
place in coating or covering one or both of the surfaces of such felts, after
they have passed through the ordinary process of manufacture, with a thin
layer of the native mineral pitch commonly known as asphalte, or other
bituminous substance, so as to render unnecessary the painting or coating
thereof by means of brushes, as ordinarily practised when such felts have
been applied to use.
The means I employ for so coating or covering the surface or surfaces of
the said felts consists in passing such felts over or under a cylinder or
cylinders attached to or in connection with the ordinary machine, and during
their passing they receive a coating of the said substance, which percolates or
flows through a long narrow slot in or is lifted by the cylinder or cylinders
out of or is otherwise conveyed from a box or pan filled with the said sub-
stance, and placed over, under, or at the side of the cylinder or cylinders.

page_text: And the Invention also consists in covering or dusting the surface or
surfaces so coated as aforesaid with the refuse of flax or card waste commonly
known as shoves, in order to give the material a light color, and to prevent
the coating above described from adhering to anything with which it may be
brought into contact.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GUN Locks
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th March 1867.
I, JOSEPH SMITH, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Gun Maker,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GUN
Locks," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to gun locks in which the hammer after striking the
nipple or pin rebounds into half-cock or a distance from the nipple or pin
which it has struck.
Now my improvements consist in the arrangement of the lock, so that I
can introduce an additional spring without interfering with the ordinary
action of the lock to make the hammer rebound. My lock works as an
ordinary lock without this additional spring, and is a perfect gun lock, but
with this additional spring, which I place near the tumbler, causes the tumbler
to rebound after having gone the full scope.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ellis Lever at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th September
1867.
I, ELLIS LEVER, of West Gorton Works, Gorton, in the County of Lan-
caster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LAMPS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to enable more air to pass into the vessels.
containing oils, bydrocarbons, or gases to be consumed for the production of
light than can be obtained from the ordinary single air holes with which lamps
have hitherto been provided, the increased supply of air causing a greater
intensity of light and the prevention of noxious fumes. To the upper part of
each vessel I fix two or more tubes open to the atmosphere for causing one or
more currents of air to circulate through the vessel, and thus enable more
oxygen to be supplied; or I modify the arrangement by employing one or more
tubes each divided into two parts by a longitudinal partition.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN BALL OR SUPPLY VALVES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Pearson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th March
1867.
I, JOSEPH PEARSON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Brass
Finisher, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BALL OR SUPPLY VALVES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to valves of the kind commonly called ball valves or
supply valves, that is to say, valves ordinarily employed to keep water and
other liquids to nearly the same level in cisterns and reservoirs, the opening
and closing of the valve being effected by a ball or float on the water or other
liquid. I construct and arrange the parts of ball or supply valves in the
following manner, whereby great efficiency and simplicity in construction are
secured. The entrance pipe of the valve is situated vertically and terminates
in a barrel of larger diameter. The axis of the barrel is in the line of the axis
of the entrance pipe; the said entrance pipe projects a short distance into the
said barrel, and its end constitutes a horizontal valve seat; the said barrel is
open at bottom, and has a horizontal slot at about its middle. In the said
barrel a cylindrical plug is situated, the said plug being capable of rising and
falling. The top of the said plug is covered with a washer of leather or other
packing. When the said plug is raised its top bears against the valve seat
described, and the flow of water or liquid is arrested. When the plug is
lowered from the said valve seat the water or liquid passes down between the
inside of the barrel and the sides of the plug.
In order to facilitate the flow

page_text: of liquid the plug may be flattened on two opposite sides. Through the
middle of the plug a slot is made, and an arm or lever passing through the
said slot and that in the barrel is jointed at one end to the outside of the
barrel, and carries at its other end a ball or float. When the ball valve
described is in use the rising of the ball or float closes the valve, and the
sinking of the float opens it. In order to prevent or diminish the escape of
liquid by the slot in which the arm or lever works a shield may be fixed round
the said slot to check the escape of the liquid. The same object may also be
effected by a pad or packing on the plug, the said packing being in the same
vertical plane as the slot in the barrel, and above the said slot, or the pad or
packing may be employed both above and below the said slot.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF MATERIALS SUITABLE FOR BLASTING AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
December 1867.-A communication from abroad by Carl Dittman, of
Berlin, Prussia, Civil Engineer.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Tun Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF MATERIALS SUITABLE FOR BLASTING AND
OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," a communication to him from abroad by Carl
Dittman, of Berlin, Prussia, Civil Engineer, to be as follows:-
Hitherto the employment of nitro-glycerine for blasting and similar purposes
has been attended with considerable danger, and the object of this Invention
is not only to render its employment safe but to enable it be transported
and stored free from its present attendant liability to explosion.
In carrying out this Invention the nitro-glycerine is mixed with a porous
combustible substance, such, for example, as finely divided wood charcoal,
which by preference has been previously saturated with a solution of saltpeter
or nitrate of soda, or mixtures of the same, and also with a solution of
carbonate of soda, and subsequently dried so as to expel the water employed for
effecting such solution; or the nitro-glycerine may be mixed with whatis known
as nitre-cellulose, that is to say, with finely divided wood or other solid liquerous
matter which has been treated with nitric and sulphuric acid in a manner
similar to that employed for the production of gun cotton; or the nitro-glycerine
may be mixed with sawdust or finely divided solid liquerous matter previously
impregnated with a solution of nitrate of potash or nitrate of soda, or

page_text: mixture of the same, and with an alkali, such as carbonic of soda, and
subsequently dried so as to expel the water employed for effecting the solu-
tion of the before-mentioned salts; or instead of employing the substances
prepared as herein-before mentioned in combination with nitro-glycerinc
individually mixtures of the same may be employed, and when such mixture
of any two or more ofthe before-mentioned substances are employed with nitro-
glycerine the proportions of the same may be varied according to the desired
requirement of the blasting material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TURKEY, WILTON, BRUSSELS, TAPESTRY, AND OTHER TERRY AND CUT PILE CARPETS AND RUGS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Wood at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th July
1867.
I, WILLIAM WOOD, of Monkhill, near Pontefract, in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF TURKEY, WILTON, BRUSSELS, TAPESTRY, AND OTHER TERRY
AND CUT PILE CARPETS AND RUGS," to be as follows:-
In the manufacture of Turkey, Wilton, Brussels, and other terry and cut
pile carpets and rugs the piled surface is ordinarily composed of worsted or
woollen threads, which are spun from wool, and afterwards when in hanks
dyed the required colors. Now my improvements consist in forming the piled
surface of these manufactures of yarns made wholly or partly from undyed
natural colored wool, hair, or other animal fibres, adding thereto when desired
to produce a required shade of color a portion of dyed wool or fibres.
My improvements relate, secondly, to the binding warp of Wilton, Brussels,
tapestry, and other terry and cut pile carpets and rugs. It is now the practice
to use a binding warp for the ground of terry and cut pile carpets and rugs
composed of two threads in each space of the reed. Now my improvements
consist in discarding one-half of these binding warp threads, and in using but
one thread in each space of the reed, and making this half warp bind both the
upper and lower weft shoots alternately, the dead worsted or "dead warp"
lying between the said weft shoots.

page_text: My improvements relate, thirdly, to the "dead warp" in tapestry and other
terry and cut pile carpets and rugs. Ordinarily the dead warp in these manu-
factures consists of 2, 3, or 4 linen or other threads in each space of the reed
laid side by side, each one being independent of the others. My improved
arrangement consists in twisting these separate threads together so as to form
but one compound thread in each space of the reed, whether the separate
threads are made from the ordinary linen or cotton, or from wool, silk, or
jute, as described in my Patent No. 1607, dated the 30th of May of this year,
and in making when a stronger or smoother compound thread is desired the
twist of the doubling in the same direction as the twist of the spinning.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF URINALS, WATERCLOSETS, AND OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Lorberg at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st March 1867.
I, WILLIAM LORBERG, of Danvers Street, Chelsea, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF URINALS, WATERCLOSETS, AND OTHER SIMILAR
VESSELS," to be as follows:-
This Invention is designed for more effectually preventing the escape of
noxious effluvia from urinals, waterclosets, and other similar vessels by con-
structing the same in the following manner :-As regards urinals I propose to
adapt thereto a box formed of any suitable material, and provided with a
perforated lid or top or other arrangements, as particular circumstances may
require; this box is filled with charcoal in small lumps, preferably tan charcoal,
and is connected by a conduit pipe with the drain or sewer. The urine in its
passage to the drain or sewer is filtered through the charcoal, by which means
it becomes deodorized, and the urinal is preserved inodorous without the
necessity of running a constant stream of water through it, or using any other
disinfectant.
As regards waterclosets I propose to adapt thereto, either at the bottom or
top of the pan or around or about the same, a receiver to contain charcoal, by pre-
ference tan charcoal; the flushing of the pan with water will carry off the contents.
of the pan, and the vapours as they rise will be absorved, and thereby rendered

page_text: inodorous. When the charcoal becomes exhausted, which does not take place
until after the lapse of a considerable time, it is only necessary to pass a current
of water or very weak acid (by preference hydrochloric acid) and water through
it, by which it will be revivified; or it may be replaced by a fresh supply of
charcoal.