IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GOVERNING AND STOPPING THE FLOW OR PASSAGE OF FLUIDS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Crellin, of Lime Street, Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Plumber and Brassfounder, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GOVERNING AND STOPPING THE FLOW OR
PASSAGE OF FLUIDS."
Sealed the 8th March 1864, and dated the 12th September 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Crellin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
September 1868.
I, JAMES CRELLIN, of Lime Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Plumber and Brassfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GOVERNING AND STOPPING THE FLOW OR
PASSAGE OF FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
Apparatus constructed according to my Invention is or are mainly suitable
for use in streets, courts, prisons, mercantile offices, and other public. and
private places and institutions, to prevent the waste of water which at present.
takes place either through carelessness in leaving the taps or cocks open, or
-through wilful moving and fixing of the handles or other operating parts of
such taps or cocks to cause waste. My apparatus is self-closing at all times
as soon as-pressure is removed from the operating mechanism, and such

page_text: operating mechanism is so combined in or with a case or cover that it is
difficult to fix or secure it by wedges or otherwise to allow flow or passage and
consequently waste of the water. In the body of the apparatus, which may be
of any desired form, between the inlet and outlet openings there is a valve
seating, and on the inlet side there is a valve with a spring at the back thereof
to assist in bringing and keeping it at the proper times close to its seating.
The spindle of the said valve passes through the seating, opening outwards
through a stuffing gland in the body of the apparatus, and meets at its outer
end the operating mechanism which consists of an -shaped lever jointed on a
pin, and having a' button-headed end to receive the controlling or opening
pressure from a person's hand; pressure applied to the button head moves the
valve spindle and opens the valve more or less according to the pressure
applied; but as soon as the pressure is removed, the weight of the water and
the force of the spring above named close the valve against its seating and
return the operating mechanism to its original position. The said button head
of the operating mechanism moves in an aperture in the front of a case or
cover, preferably made of metal, containing the apparatus, and such case or
cover should be let into and made flush with a wall.. Of course two, three, or
more apparatus could be placed in one case, and the several apertures for
outlet pipes and operating button heads be left therein.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Crellin in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 12th
March 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
CRELLIN, of Lime Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Plumber and
Brassfounder, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred-and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said James Crellin, Her special license that I, the said James
Crellin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
James Crellin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,

page_text: exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR GOVERNING AND STOPPING THE FLOW OR PASSAGE OF FLUIDS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Crellin,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said. Invention, and in what manner, the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.-
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Crellin, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say) :-
Apparatus constructed according to my Invention is or are mainly suitable
for use in streets, courts, prisons, mercantile offices, and other public and
private places and institutions, to prevent the waste of water which at present
takes place either through carelessness in leaving the taps or cocks open or
through wilful moving and fixing of the handles or other operating parts of
such taps or cocks to cause waste. My apparatus is self-closing at all times
as soon as pressure is removed from the operating mechanism, and such
operating mechanism is so combined in or with a case or cover that it is
difficult to fix or secure it by wedges or otherwise to allow flow or passage,
and consequently waste of the water. In the body of the apparatus, which
may be of any desired form, between the inlet and outlet openings there is a
valve seating, and on the inlet side there is a valve with a spring at the back
thereof to assist in bringing and keeping it at the proper times close to its
seating.. The spindle of the said valve passes through the seating, opening
outwards through a stuffing gland in the body of the apparatus, and meets at
its outer end-the operating mechanism, which consists of an L-shaped lever
jointed on a pin, and having a button-headed end to receive the controlling or
opening pressure from a person's hand. Pressure applied to the button head.
moves the valve spindle and opens the valve. more or less according to the
pressure applied, but as soon as the pressure is removed the weight of
water and the force of the spring above named close the valve against its
seating and return the operating mechanism to its original position. The said
button head of the operating mechanism moves in an aperture in the front of
a case or cover, preferably made of metal, containing the apparatus, and

page_text: such case or cover should be "let into" and made flush with a wall.
Of course two, three, or more apparatus could be placed in one case,
and the several apertures for outlet pipes and operating button heads be left
therein.
The Sheet of Drawings hereto attached represent an apparatus constructed
and arranged according to my Invention and specially adapted for use in
prisoners' cells in gaols; Fig. 1 is a front elevation; Fig. 2 a longitudinal
and vertical section; and Fig. 3 a transverse and vertical section. In all the
views like letters denote the same parts.
a shews the casing, made in two pieces of metal, with inlet and outlet
openings therethrough, and spaces in front for the operating button heads.
When the apparatus is let into a wall or building, the flat front, or so much of
the casing as.will effectually protect the operating button heads, is all that
need be used. b, the body of the apparatus with valve seatings c therein. The
apparatus shewn is a double one, that is, it has two-valves d, for controlling the
How of water in two separate pipes, one of the valves d is shewn open; e, the
valves' spindles with springs f at the back thereof to assist the water in bringing
the valves close up to their seatings and so stopping the flow or passage of the
water; g, the inlet pipe; h, the outlet pipes. In a prison cell one of the
butlet pipes would be led to the water-closet and the other to the wash
basin i, the button heads for receiving hand pressure and permitting the flow
of water when desired; they fit as closely as possible in the openings in the
case or cover and are jointed by the pins; to the operating lever pieces k, the
ends of which rest against or in some other manner come in contact with the
valves' spindles e to which they communicate the motion induced by pressure
applied to the button heads i, and in this way the valves are opened. are
pins carried by the fastening to case piece m, the lèvers; work on and are
supported by the said pins ; n is a metal flange fastening the body of the
apparatus to the case.
".
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention and
shown on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings and described herein a modifi-
cation of the same, suitable for use in places where many apparatus, according
to my Invention, would be required, I would have it understood, that I do not
confine myself to every detail laid down in the Drawings and herein specified,
but what I claim is, constructing and arranging apparatus for governing
and stopping the flow or passage of fluids in which there is a valve or there
are valves operated or worked with or by mechanism, part or parts of which
pass through a protecting case or cover, or protecting cases or covers, substan-

page_text: tially as herein set forth and shewn in modification on the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Crellin, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
In the presence of
JOHN THOMSON KING,
Patent Agent,
Liverpool.
JAMES CRELLIN. (L.S.)