Year: 1897

page_text: I, EDWIN BOWRON BRIGGS, of 12, Church Street, West Hartlepool, in the County
of Durham, Tobacco Importer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
-
My invention relates to that kind of brake for cycles, motor cars and other
vehicles wherein an auxiliary wheel is employed to which the braking power is
applied, and has for its object to provide a brake by the use of which the braking
power may be applied with efficiency and gradually increasing force and without
injury to the tyre, being especially applicable where pneumatic tyres are used.
According to my invention I provide an auxiliary wheel mounted in a suitable
frame and running freely upon an axle, the latter being arranged to have move-
ment in the support frame or casing. Movably attached to the frame on either side
of the auxiliary wheel is arranged a pair of friction clutches or cheeks so arranged
and adapted as to move onto or into and grip the surface or surfaces of the auxiliary
wheel gradually and increasing in force with the power applied to the carrying
frame or casing.
In one such arrangement I provide an auxiliary wheel with a periphery con-
caved or otherwise formed to suit the dimensions and shape of the tyre or wheel
to which it is to be applied and having its sides recessed or formed so as to receive
a friction disc or cheek on either side. This auxiliary wheel is supported and
adapted to move freely upon a central reduced and rounded part of a squared
spindle or shaft, preferably formed in two parts, suitably joined for facility in
securing the wheel and mounted upon and adapted to have movement in slots in
the supporting or enclosing frame or casing and secured therein by a nut and
washer at either side or otherwise conveniently.
The before mentioned friction discs are adapted to slide longitudinally upon the
squared or larger part of the spindle and they are connected to the frame or casing
by a suitable number and arrangement of links, or connecting parts, say four, which
are so arranged as to normally keep the friction discs out of engagement with the
wheel, and they may be assisted to keep this position by a spring or springs of
suitable form and dimensions such as two or three turns of a helical spring
arranged in an annular groove in the inner face of the disc or the wheel, one end of
the spring bearing on the wheel and the other upon the discs but so arranged as not
to interfere with the friction of the surfaces when in contact, or I may for the same
purpose provide a spring of the carriage type in miniature or of other form to
bear upon and keep the axle or spindle in such position that the friction discs are
normally out of gear.
The frame carrying the axle and connected to the friction discs is adapted and
arranged to be conveniently operated by the rider, driver or other person upon the
cycle or vehicle and pressed against the wheel, and I may for operating purposes

page_text: employ a suitable arrangement of levers or it may be cords of wire or other material
passing over pulleys and brought into a position for convenient operation.
It is obvious that the brake may be arranged to brake either or any wheel of the
cycle or vehicle and it may be secured and adapted to move for operation in rigid
guides or be mounted upon one end of a suitable number of links jointed to the
frame of the machine or under-carriage of the vehicle.
In operation as soon as the brake is pressed forward onto the wheel the auxiliary
wheel engages the tyre thereof and is revolved freely upon its axle but as soon as
pressure is increased and more power applied the axle of the wheel moves in its slots
and
of
the
the wheel,
sides
the friction discs engage the recessed
friction increasing with the power applied until the whole is brought to a
standstill. It will thus be seen that no shock or violent application of the brake
tending to injure the tyre of the cycle or vehicle can result and consequently the
life of the tyre is prolonged and injury to the rider owing to sudden stoppage of the
cycle is prevented.
owl
Ontation 1907
PRYOR & HARVEY,
Agents.
I, EDWIN BOWRON BRIGGS, of 12, Church Street, West Hartlepool, in the County
of Durham, Tobacco Importer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
My invention relates to that kind of brake for cycles, motor cars and other
vehicles wherein an auxiliary wheel is employed to which the braking power is
applied, and has for its object a brake by the use of which the braking
power may be applied with efficiency and gradually increasing force and without
injury to the tyre, being especially applicable where pneumatic tyres are used.
According to my invention I provide an auxiliary wheel mounted in a suitable
frame and running freely upon an axle, the latter being arranged to have move-
ment in the supporting frame or casing. Movably attached to the frame on either
side of the auxiliary wheel is arranged a pair of friction clutches, cheeks or
cones so arranged and adapted as to
or into and grip the
surface or surfaces of the auxiliary wheel gradually and increasing in force with the
power applied to the carrying frame or casing."
move onto
I will further describe my invention in reference to the accompanying drawings
in which Fig. 1 is an elevation of a brake in position for braking the rear wheel
of a bicycle. Fig. 2 is an inverted plan of Fig. 1 partly in section, Fig. 3 is a
section of the brake, Fig. 4 shows a modified arrangement and Fig. 5.is a dia-
grammatic view of a bicycle with the brake in position for braking the rear
wheel.
Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 A is an auxiliary wheel with a periphery concaved
or other-wise formed to suit the dimensions and shape of the tyre or wheel T to
which it is to be applied and it is formed with sides recessed or formed as shown
to receive a friction disc or cone C on each side adapted to make frictional contact
with the reversely formed surfaces a¹ a¹ of the wheel A. This wheel A is supported
and adapted to run freely upon a central, reduced and rounded parts of a squared
or polygonal spindle or shaft S, said shaft being preferably formed in two parts s² 3²

page_text: suitably formed for facility in securing the wheel, for instance, as shown, the
part screwing into the part 2 a shoulder 83 being provided to allow
of the free movement of the wheel A. The squared spindle S is
mounted upon and adapted to have movement in slots f in the support-
ing or enclosing frame F and is secured therein by a nut or washer or by end
flanges s as shown in the drawings, the two sides of the frame F in the latter case
being placed upon the parts s¹s of the spindle S before they are screwed together
and before the part F joining the frame is placed in position.
The before mentioned friction discs or cones CC are adapted to slide longitudin-
ally upon the squared or larger part of the spindle S and they are connected to the
frame or casing F by a suitable number and arrangement of connecting links 17
say four, two on either side as shown in the drawings, these are connected from a
luge upon the cones U and pass outwards through a slot f¹ in the frame F and are
hinged to a projection P attached to or formed in one with the frame F. This pro-
jection may if desired be secured to or adapted to slide in a slot or guide f³ in the
frame F as shown in Fig. 2, so that the links 17 may be adjusted to take up
the wear of the friction cones CC.
The links are of suitable length and arranged at a suitable angle of inclination
with the spindle S to secure an easy motion and they are arranged to normally keep
the cones CC out of engagement with the wheel A, this being accomplished by
springs of suitable form and dimensions such as q bearing upon the spindle S
so as to keep it in a forward position, at the same time the springs act to prevent
vibration of the parts when out of action.
Instead of the springs q I may employ a spring in the form of two or three
turns of a helical coil arranged in an annular groove in the inner faces of the
discs C or the wheel A one end of the spring bearing on the wheel and the other
upon the discs but so arranged as not to interfere with the friction of the surfaces
when in contact but it is obvious that other form of springs may be employed to
keep the spindle S in such position that the friction cones are normally out of gear.
In Fig. 4 I have shown an arrangement wherein the links are arranged within
the casing or frame F' and connected to a lug P¹ thereon the operation of the parts
being similar to that before described.
The frame F carrying the axle and connected to the friction cones C, C, is adapted
and arranged to be conveniently operated by the rider, driver or other person upon
the cycle or vehicle and pressed against the wheel T and I may for operating purposes
employ cords of wire or other suitable material passing over pulleys, or it may be
a suitable arrangement of levers h¹ h² such as shown in Fig. 5 the levers being
brought into position for convenient operation near the handle bars of the cycle.
In the drawing the brake is shown as arranged to brake the rear wheel of the
cycle and is connected to the frame by links E one at either side, the links being
hinged to the frame as at m and to the brake spindle S the outer ends of which are
formed with an extension 5 to receive same, a nut and washer W being provided
to keep same in position. It is obvious that the brake may be arranged to brake
either or any wheel of the cycle or vehicle and instead of links it may be secured
and adapted to move for operation in rigid guides upon the machine or under-
carriage of the vehicle to which it is attached.
In operation as soon as the brake is pressed forward onto the wheel T the
auxiliary wheel A engages the tyre thereof and is revolved freely upon its axle
but as soon as pressure is increased and more power applied the axle or spindle S of
the auxiliary wheel moves backwards in slots f the links 11 turn upon their
hinge pins and consequently the friction cones slide inwards upon the spindle S
and engage the recessed or reversely coned sides a¹ of the wheel A the friction
increasing with the power applied until the whole is brought to a standstill. It
will thus be seen that no shock or violent application of the brake tending to injure
the tyre of the cycle or vehicle can result and consequently the life of the tyre is
prolonged and injury to the rider owing to the sudden stoppage of the cycle is
prevented.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1/ The improvements in brakes for cycles and other vehicles comprising an
auxiliary brake wheel carried upon a spindle adapted to slide in guides upon a
frame to which the power is applied said frame being connected by links to friction
discs or cones sliding transversely and adapted to brake the said auxiliary wheel
when power is applied to the frame substantially as set forth.
2/ The use in brakes for cycles and other vehicles where an auxiliary brake wheel
is employed, of friction cones adapted to slide transversely and connected to the
frame carrying the wheel by links arranged at a suitable angle to cause the said
friction cones to engage and brake the wheel when power is applied to the frame
substantially in the manner and for the purposes set forth.
3/ In brakes for cycles and other vehicles the combination of an auxiliary brake
wheel A, a squared or polygonal axle S with reduced central parts for the
wheel A the friction discs or cones CC mounted and sliding upon the squared part
of the axle S, the frame F with slot f for the squared axle or spindle S and pro-
jections P or lugs P¹ connected to lugs c upon the cones CC by links 17 and
springs such as g all arranged and adapted for operation substantially in the manner
and for the purposes set forth.
4/ The improved brake for cycles and other vehicles constructed arranged and
adapted for operation substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein
set forth
Dated this 20th day of July 1898.
For the Applicant,
PRYOR & HARVEY,
Agents, 3, St. Nicholas' Buildings, Newcastle-on-Tyne.