IMPROVEMENTS IN WARP MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE FABRICS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Whiteley, of Stapleford, in the County
of Nottingham, Lace Manufacturer, (one of the firm of Messrs.
Whiteley, Ward, and Company, Lace Manufacturers, of Staple-
ford aforesaid,) for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARP
Sealed the 23rd January 1854, and dated the 23rd August 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Whiteley at
the Office of the Commissiouers of Patents, with his Petition;
on the 23rd August 1853.
I, JOHN WHITELEY, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARP MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
TEXTILE FABRICS" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in certain new mechanical arrangements and
combinations of parts for the above purposes; having for their object a
more simple and efficient mode of manufacturing textile fabrics than the
machines as hitherto constructed; and in order to explain and ascertain
the nature of this Invention reference must be had to the illustrative

page_text: The Drawing exhibits a transverse and vertical section of the
machine near the end thereof. The colored parts represent bars
extending throughout the length of the machine. a, is the main driving
shaft, upon which are fixed eccentrics or cams e, for imparting motion
to the several parts of the machine. b, is the needle bar, having
needles c, with leads cast in them; the lead c, is laid on the bar b, and
is securely held in the required position by the plate d, which is
screwed to said bar. f, marks a rod, of which there are two, one placed
near each end of the machine. One end of the rod f, is screwed to the
barb, and the other and opposite end thereof is formed with a fork,
which embraces the eccentric or cam e. Thus it will be seen that as
the shaft a, rotates, the cams thereon will draw the needle bar b, and
needles, backwards and forwards upon the guide brackets g. h, marks
a bar securely fixed by the its ends to the end framings of the machine.
i, is a lead screwed to the bar h; this lead has plates cast in it, one to
cach needle. y, is a rocking bar, the ends whereof are supported by and
work in bearings at each end of the machine; and there are levers 2,
fixed upon each end of the said bar. One end of these levers supports
another rocking bar w, the ends whereof work in holes formed in said
levers. 1, mark brackets screwed on to the bar w; the upper ends of
these brackets have a bar t, screwed thereto; and to this bar leads s,
are screwed, same having plates u, cast in them, one to cach needle.
A, mark arms screwed on to each end of the bar y. The end B, of the
arm A, has motion imparted thereto from a cam fixed upon the main
shaft a, for imparting vertical movements to the plate u, which carry
the threads. The bars n, m, j, are fitted up and connected together in
a similar manner to those marked y, w, t, before mentioned; the bar j,
has leads k, in which points 1, are cast screwed thereon, and there is
à cam upon the shaft a, which, as it rotates, comes into contact with
the arm D, and thereby imparts vertical movement to the point 7. The
bar J, is firmly screwed to each end of the machine, and has brackets 3,

page_text: fixed thereto, into which an axle H, is inserted; and upon this axle bent
levers F, are securely fixed, and carry the bar E, which is screwed
thereto; and to one end of the levers F, a rod 5, is connected, over
which pass the threads from the roller G; and to the other end of the
levers F, links I, are connected by their upper ends, and the lower
ends of said links are attached to one end of a bent lever I, the
fulcrum whereof is at 6. The vertical parts of the lever I, is acted
upon by the rotation of a cam fixed upon the shaft a, which produces
vibrating movement of the levers F. p. marks a bar, the ends whereof
are supported by and work in brackets fixed to the bar h. o, marks
the presser bar, which is connected to the bar p, by the semi-circular
picce 7. C, marks a lever fixed to the bar p; this lever receives
motion from the rotation of a cam fixed upon the shaft a, and thereby
moves the presser bar o, down to the needles. The movement of these
several parts is as follows:-The plates u, are raised above the needles,
and carry the threads from the roller v, and traversing with t, and w,
pass over one needle; the plates, are then lowered; and simultaneously
with such movement the bar b, is drawn back, and the presser bar o,
follows the plate u, as it goes down; the threads are laid over the
needles by the plates u, and as the bar is drawn back the threads will
go under the beards of the needles; and the presser bar 9, being on
the needles as they are drawn back, the beards thereof will be pressed
into the eyes or grooves of said needles; and simultaneously with this
movement the points 7, will be let down, and disengage the loops that
were made the course before, by which said loops will pass on to
the bearls of the needles; and as the said beards enter between the
plates in the lead i, the presser o, rises, and allows the loops to pass off
the beards of the needles; at the same time the bar E, holding the lead
and guide will be moved, and thereby lift the threads coming from the
roller G, over the tops of the plates u. The bar E, is now caused to
traverse until the threads are passed over three of the plates u, after
which the bar E, is lowered, and the threads are taken down between
the plates u, which are kept sufficiently below the needles.
The points, will now be taken up in front of the needles heads,
after which the needles will be moved forward and pass between the

page_text: points, said points preventing the fabric from going forward with the
needles. As the needles heads reach the plates u, they will enter above
the threads, and as soon as they enter between the plates u, said plates
will rise while the needles go forward; and when the plates u, have
. risen above the needles the movements are to be again repeated, as
before described. And in this manner and by these means each course
⚫is made in succession, and thereby constitutes "Improvements in Warp
Machinery for the Manufacture of Textile Fabrics."
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Whiteley in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 23rd February 1854.
... TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOHN WHITELY, of Stapleford, in the County of Nottingham, Lace
Manufacturer, (one of the firm of Messrs. Whitely, Ward, and Com-
pany, Lace Manufacturers, of Stapleford aforesaid, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said John Whitely, Her special
licence that I, the said John Whitely, my executors, administra-
tors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Whitely, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WARP MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE FABRICS,"
upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Whitely, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and s
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Whitely, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
My Invention consists in certain new incchanical arrangements and
combinations of parts constituting improvements in warp machinery,
and has for its object a more expeditious mode of manufacturing textile
fabrics than by the use of the warp machines as heretofore constructed
and employed for a similar purpose, and in which the needle bar and
needles are at rest whilst the threads are being lapped on to the
needles. And an important feature in my said Invention consists in
imparting continuous reciprocating motion to the needle bar and
needles affixed thereto, and in lapping the threads upon the needles as
they are being moved backwards and forwards, by which I obtain great
gain of speed in the working of the machine, and consequently produce
a greater quantity of work in a given time than other warp machines.
And in order to explain my said Invention as completely as possible
I now proceed to describe the best means I am acquainted with for
carrying the same into practical effect, reference being had to the
illustrative Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the numeral figures and
letters of reference marked thereon respectively, as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
At Sheet 1, Figure 1, is a sectional view of a warp machine con-
structed according to my said Invention. The colored parts are bars
running from end to end of the machine. a, is a shaft to put the
eccentrics or cams on to give motion to the various parts of the
machine. b, is the needle bar having leads screwed on it; this bar has a
backward and forward motion (given it by the excentrice,) in the slot g.
The bar h, is screwed firmly to each end of the machine. The leads i,
with plates cast in them, one to each needle, are screwed to the bar h,
as shewn. The bar y, having arms reaching forward near the ends
receives the bar w, which is turned down at each end to form an

page_text: axle. Brackets are screwed on the bar w, to receive the bar t. On
the bar t, the leads s, are screwed, with plates or guides 16, cast in
them, one to cach needle. The arm A, carrying a friction wheel is
screwed on the bar y, and works to a cam fitted on the shaft a, which
gives to the plates u, carrying the threads a vertical motion. The
bars n, m, i, are fitted up and joined together same as y, w, t; the
bar, having leads , screwed on it with points 7, cast in them. The
cam moving the arm D, gives the point 1, a vertical motion. The
bar J, is firmly screwed down at each end of the machine to receive
the brackets which are jointed to the arms carrying the bar E, on
which are screwed the guide leads f. A. cam on the shaft a, works
against the angle lever I, a link I, being jointed to the lever end
and to the bar E, working on the axle II, which the cam will give
an upward and downward motion to. The bar p, with necks turned
on it at each end, and working in bearings screwed to the bar h, is
connected with the presser bar o, by the circles above. A cain working
.against C, will drive the presser o, down to the needles. R, R, are
the rollers carrying the warp threads.
At Sheet 2, Figure 2, is a front view of the machine with the several
bars cut through and figured the same as the section.
At Sheet 3, Figures 1, and 2, are the two wheels placed at one end
of the machine to move the bars t, w, and E, (Sheets 1, and 2,) as in
ordinary machines. c, is the excentric which moves the bar b; and the
other Figures on this Sheet shew the several leads the full size.
Sheet 4, shows the cams C, I, D, A, the full size. The movements
of the several parts working with each other are as follows:-a, is driven
above the needles carrying the threads from the roller R, and traversing
with t, and w, (by wheels at the end in the usual way,) over one
needle, will then be let down; at the same time the bar b, draws
back; and the presser bar o, following the plate u, as it goes down, the
threads by the plate u, being laid over the needles, as the bar b, draws
back the threads will go under the beards of the needles. The presser o,
now being on the needles and the needles drawn under it will press
the beards within the eyes or grooves of the needles. At this instant
the points 7, will be let down, the beards receiving the loops that were

page_text: made the course before. The needle beards entering within the plates
that are cast in the leads i, the presser o, will rise; at the same time
the bar E, holding the lead and guide f, will lift the threads coming
from the roller R, over the plates ; the bar E, will traverse and take
the threads over three of the plates. The bar E, is now lowered, and
takes the threads down between the plates u, and are kept sufficiently
below the needles. The necilles now being within the plates that are
cast in the leads i, the points L, will be taken up in front of the needle
heads. The needles will now come forward and run between the
points L, preventing the fabric going forward with the needles. As
the needle heads reach the plates u, they will enter above the threads;
and as soon as they enter, the plates u, will rise while the needles go
forward; when they have risen above the neeilles the movements will
be repeated, as herein described.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be and may be performed, I claim,―
First, a continuous motion of the needle bar b, worked by an excen-
tric, and the threads being lapped on the needles as the needles are
moving backward and forward; heretofore the needle bar and needles
in ordinary warp machines being at rest whils the threads are lapped
on the needles; by which it will be seen there is great gain of speed.
Secondly, for the several parts combined and moved, as shewn and
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Whiteley, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness,
GEO. JON. ROBINSON,
Patent Agent,
Nottingham.
JOHN WHITELEY. (L.s.)