IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-MOTOR MACHINES, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE GIFERATION OF ELECTRICITY
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Olamond at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
June 1875.
I, CHARLES OLAMOND, of Paris, in the Republic of France, temporarily
resident at Lombard Street, in the City of London, Civil Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ELECTRO-MOTOR MACHINES, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR THE GIFERATION OF ELECTRICITY,
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is an electro-motor machine, which,
although it may be actuated from any source of electricity, is intended
more particularly to be used in conjunction with my thermo-electric
generator.
I have chiefly endeavoured to utilize the current of the raised pile in
quantity, because this arrangement transforms into electricity a larger
quantity of heat, and consequently augments the yield of the thermo-
electric generator. I attain this object by separating the single current
of the pile into several distinct currents, proceeding parallelly through
several coils and electric magnets, so as to constitute the magnetic

page_text: polarities necessary for the production of a continuous movement. This
mode of distributing the currents is one of the characteristic features of
my Invention.
The machine in which I carry out this principle is essentially com-
posed of two bundles of electro-magnets formed of rods of soft iron
surrounded by coils of wire. These two bundles are united electrically
by a commutator. One of them is fixed, and remains always magnetized
in the same manner. The other is moveable, and in its rotative motion
the direction of its magnetization changes alternately from one electro-
magnet to the other. There follows, therefore, between the poles of the
electro-magnets of the two bundles successive attractions and repulsions,
which create motion and motive force.
The distribution of the current takes place through a commutator
fixed fixed upon a shaft and turning with it. This commutator is com-
posed of a cylinder of wool or other isolating material provided with
grooves, within which copper blades, six in number, are lodged. These
blades are grouped in two series of three branches, which solidarized
with one another by two rings of copper, so that as soon as the current
arrives in one of the branches it is at the same time transmitted into the
two others of the same series.
correspond, for example, with the
branches with the negative pole.
circuit by their contact with the teeth of two combs or rubbers. These
teeth are squeezed in their frames by means of screws in order to enable
them to be approached to the communication when the prolonged friction
has worn away their ends.
The branches at a given moment
positive pole of the pile and other
They establish the closing of the
The combs are fixed to copper plates, which are held upon the plate
by the aid of wooden or ivory screws, and are isolated from the latter by
the interposition of little slips of cardboard or ivory. With these plates
are connected the copper blades for fixing to the buttons of the table,
to which the electrodes + and from the pile adapt themselves. To
the same blade are soldered bands, which pass round the fixed bundle
to the coils from which they distribute the current.
-
In the coils of the two bundles the wire is rolled in the same direction,
so that a change in the direction of the current is sufficient to produce a
change of magnetization. It is this which takes place in the bobbins of
the moveable bundle, which are united in pairs with the six blades of the

page_text: commutator by the rods directed according to the rays, and abutting at
the middle of the sides of the hexagon formed by the wire of the
bobbin. It follows that one of these bobbins receives the current
sometimes at the right, sometimes at the left, which modifies the
direction of its polarity, which is sometimes "Austral" and sometimes
"Boreal." The magnetisation, on the other hand, is constant with the
electro-magnets of the fixed bundle.
The wires of their bobbins are united by an hexagonal, the sides of
which are put in relation three with one band and three with another
band. By this arrangement the current is sent in different directions in
two consecutive bobbins, thus imparting magnetization of contrary name
to the electro-magnets, three of which have constantly an "austral" pole
and three a "boreal" pole to oppose to the variable poles of the moveable
bundle.