Improvements in Machinery for Making Paper Bags.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 6th June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 6th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 12th May, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Making Paper Bags.
I, CHARLES ANDERSON, of Fettykil, in the County of Fife, Scotland, Paper
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in machinery for making bags (from sheets
or from the roll of web paper) which are known as satchel or block bags of square
or rectangular section having square or rectangular bottoms, such bags when
finished being flattened for packing and when required for use easily opened out.
"
The machinery comprises a series of hollow "mould-blocks" preferably four in
number, revolving horizontally with intermittent motion, making one revolution for
four or more operations of each block, over each of which blocks in succession the
sheet or strip of paper, cut to the required length, passes, the feed being either by
hand or automatic. A folder, shaped like an inverted trough, now descends
automatically and folds the paper over the sides of the "mould-block" and there-
after, almost simultaneously, two lateral folders automatically approach each other
from either side and fold the paper over the bottom of the "mould-block," the
edges (one of which is previously pasted) over-lapping. A spring holder or finger,
attached to the block, then rises and keeps them pressed together. The blank is
" as is necessary
Dow a tube one end of which projects so far over the "mould-block
to form the bottom of the bag; the "mould-block," with the tube upon it, now
rotates through a quarter circle when the projecting end is presented to a pair of
roller folders which, moving automatically towards each other vertically one in
advance of the other, fold two sides of the tube together against the end of the
"nould-block" and retire; two similar rollers then advance laterally immediately
thereafter and complete the formation of the bottom by folding the two remaining
sides over the others and over each other so as to form a sound and secure bottom
to the bag. The "mould-block with the bag upon it is now rotated another
quarter of a circle the folds of the newly formed bottom being kept closed by one
of the lateral roller folders until the folded bottom comes against a radial plate or band
forming a sector of a circle which keeps the folds pressed together. After a further
rotation of another quarter circle the bag is stripped or pushed from the "mould-
block" until the folded bottom comes in contact with the flattening or draw off
rollers. When in that position two lateral "creasers" and two gusset or V shaped
folding tools on vertical spindles followed by a horizontal bar tool having a
diagonal motion towards the rollers, forms the bag into a square or rectangular shape
with satchel shaped sides and blocked bottom the bottom being folded back on the
upper side.
When it is desired to make only the plain or flat block bottomed bags
the creasers and V shaped tools are disconnected. The bag, now formed, is in each
case passed through a pair of rollers and delivered flat for packing, but when required
for use can readily be opened to its square or rectangular form with a flat bottom ready
to receive its contents. The pushing, or stripping, off the bag from the "mould-block
is effected by the action of a sliding collar which pushes the bag off, the spring holder
or finger below having released it, but as it is necessary to provide some support
during the operations of creasing and folding just described this sliding collar also
pushes out sliding plates one at the top and another at the bottom of the "mould-
block," which regulate or determine the width of the upper and lower side of the
bag and allow for the creasing of the lateral sides, to approximately flatten the bag,
the upper plate is made so that the front end is capable of being depressed against
the action of a spring inside the "mould-block" which, when the bag is finally
delivered to the draw off or flattening rollers, again rises to its normal position and

page_text: is then drawn back, along with the sliding bottom plate by the collar above
described into their normal position on the "mould-block." The "mould-block"
is then rotated another quarter of a circle to the position from which it started
ready to receive another blank.
"
"
All the operations in the formation and delivery of the finished bag are under-
stood to be automatic as also the feeding in of the paper from the web roll, but the
It will be
paper may be fed in by hand in sheets cut to the required size.
understood that whilst one bag has been going through the several processes above
described the operations have been repeated on following bags in regular succession.
The "mould-blocks are preferably arranged on four arms which are intermittently
rotated by a vertical shaft driven from a main shaft so that the arms make one
revolution to four revolutions of the shaft on which the "cams are fixed, and so
that there is an equal interval at each of the points sufficient to allow the folding
and other operations to be properly performed. The mechanism of the folding
tools, for stripping the bag from the block, and for creasing and folding over the
bottom to prepare it for passing through the flattening rollers, will be preferably
actuated by cams," adapted to give the required movements at suitable intervals,
as is usual in such machines. Although I prefer to fold and form the bottom
complete at one point of the rotation, as described, the formation may be effected
by folding two sides at the first quarter of the circle and then rotating the partly
folded tube another quarter and folding the other two sides.
66
Bags may be lined by the same machine and when "lined" bags are to be made
the lining web of paper is a little narrower and is delivered from a separate roll,
underneath the outer or main web roll, having been suitably pasted so as to adhere
to it, and thereafter it goes through the same processes as the main bag of which
it forms a part.
In connection with this invention I propose to use an improved "draw-off"
mechanism to avoid the accumulation of slack paper from the web roll, and at the
same time take all strain off the regulating draw-forward rolls, and this is
applicable to any ordinary bag-making machine with intermittent movements as
It consists of a
well as to the improved machinery which I have just described.
"
roller kept by spring action in contact with a sheave upon a shaft driven from the
machine shaft, and between this spring roller and the sheave the strip of paper
travels from the roll to the machine table, being propelled by the driven sheave.
Upon this sheave is a I cam shaped projection, so proportioned to the length of
the strip required to be cut off that at the proper point it pushes back the roller
and the paper being free is no longer propelled by the driven sheave, and any
small excess amount of paper which has been drawn off the roll falls back and
is gathered up by the feed sheave after the projection has passed round and
the spring roller comes again into action when a like operation takes place,
and so on continuously, the "draw-off" being each time a little in excess of what
is required.
Another improvement which I propose to apply in connection with my invention
and which is applicable to other bag-making machines is to fix a trough of paste
with one or more rollers revolving therein below and parallel with the "mould-
blocks," and set so that as one of the folds of the bag is being pushed in it passes
over the paste rollers, taking up a sufficient quantity of paste to secure it when
closed.
Dotud this 6th day of June 1893
T. J. DANSON,
By L. W., per F. B.

page_text: Improvements in Machinery for Making Paper Bags.
I, CHARLES ANDERSON, of Fettykil, in the County of Fife, Scotland, Paper
Maker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in machinery for making bags (from sheets
or from the roll of web paper) which are known as "satchel" or "block" bags of
square or rectangular section having square or rectangular blocked bottoms, such
bags when finished being flattened for packing and when required for use are easily
opened out and will stand open and upright upon their bottoms.
"
"
The machinery comprises a series of mould-blocks," of section suitable to the
required proportions of the sides and four or more in number, revolving horizontally
with intermittent motion. Over each of these blocks, in succession, the sheet or
strip of paper, cut to the required length, passes, the feed being either by hand or
automatic. A plunger folder, shaped like an inverted trough, now descends
and
automatically and folds the paper over the sides of the "mould-block
thereafter, almost simultaneously, two lateral folders automatically approach
each other from either side in proper sequence and fold the paper under the lower
side of the "mould-block," the edges (one of which is previously pasted) over-
lapping. A spring holder or finger, connected with the block so as to revolve with
it then rises and keeps them pressed together, when the plunger folder rises and the
lateral folders retire. The blank is now a tube one end of which projects so far
over the "mould-block" as is necessary to form the bottom of the bag; and the
"mould-block," with the tube upon it, now rotates through a quarter circle (when
four blocks are used) when the projecting end is presented to a pair of roller folders
which, moving automatically towards each other vertically, one in advance of the
other, fold two sides of the tube together against the end of the "mould-block
and retire; two similar rollers then advance laterally immediately thereafter and
complete the formation of the bottom by folding the two remaining sides over the
others and over each other so as to form a sound and secure bottom to the bag.
The "mould-block" with the bag upon it is now rotated another quarter of a circle
the folds of the newly formed bottom being kept closed by one of the lateral roller
folders until the folded bottom comes against a radial plate or band forming a sector
After a short
of about half a circle which keeps the folds pressed together.
interval, a further rotation of another quarter circle having been, made the bag is
stripped or pushed from the "mould-block" until the folded bottom comes in
contact with "fence" plates which automatically rise and fall and by which the
bag is retained in position endwise. When in this position two lateral "creasers
or "tuckers" close in on each side of the bag and two V shaped "gusseting" tools
on vertical spindles partly revolve inward in conjunction with them, followed by a
horizontal bar tool having a radial downward motion, forms the bag, previously of
a square or rectangular shape with blocked bottom, into a satchel shape with the
sides folded in and "gusseted," the bottom being next folded back over the upper
side. When it is desired to make only the plain or flat" block-bottomed " bags
"tuckers" and V shaped "gusseting" tools are disconnected.
The bag, now so formed, is in each case passed through a pair of rollers mounted
so as to be automatically adjustable as to the space between them to facilitate the
entrance of the bag, and delivered flat for packing, but when required for use can
be readily opened to its square or rectangular form with a flat bottom ready to
receive its contents. The pushing, or stripping, off the bag from the "mould-
block" is effected by the action of a sliding collar which pushes the bag off, the
spring holder or finger below having automatically released it, but as it is necessary
to provide some support to the bag during the operations of "creasing
"
the "creasers or
"
د,
or

page_text: "gusseting" and folding just described, hinged sliding plates, one at the top and
another at the bottom of the "mould-block," are pushed out by automatic action to
afford this support and these allow for the "creasing," "gusseting," and folding
of the bag. The upper plate is made so that the front end is capable of being
depressed, and the under plate of being raised, against the action of a spring inside
the "mould-block," and when the bag is finally delivered to the draw-off or
flattening rollers these plates again rise and fall to their normal positions and are
The "mould-
then drawn back, into their normal position on the "mould-block."
block" is then rotated another quarter of a circle to the position from which it
started ready to receive another "blank."
All the operations in the formation and delivery of the finished bag are under-
stood to be automatic, as also the feeding in of the paper from the web roll, but
the paper may be fed in by hand in sheets cut to the required size. It will be
understood that whilst one bag has been going through the several processes above
described the operations have been repeated on following bags in regular succession.
The "mould-blocks" are intermittently rotated by suitable gearing from a main
driving shaft so that there is an equal interval at each of the points sufficient
to allow the folding and other operations to be properly performed. The
mechanism of the folding tools, for stripping off the bag from the block, and for
"creasing
or "tucking" in the sides and folding over the bottom to prepare it for
<< cams,
passing through the flattening rollers will be preferably actuated by
adapted to give the required movements at suitable intervals, as is usual in such
machines. Although I prefer to fold and form the bottom complete at one point of
the rotation, as described, the formation may be effected by folding two sides at
the first quarter of the circle and then rotating the partly folded tube another
quarter and folding the other two sides.
"
"
Bags may be lined by the same machine and when "lined" bags are to be made
the lining web of paper is a little narrower and is delivered from a separate roll,
underneath the outer or main web roll, and thereafter it goes through the same
processes as the main bag of which it forms a part, and in conjunction therewith.
In connection with this invention I propose to use an improved "draw-off"
mechanism to avoid the accumulation of slack paper from the web roll, and at the
same time take all strain off the regulating draw-forward rolls, and this is applicable
to any ordinary bag-making machine with intermittent movements as well as to the
improved machinery which I have just described. It consists of a roller, kept by
spring action in contact with a sheave upon a shaft driven from the machine shaft,
and between this spring roller and the sheave the strip of paper travels from the
roll to the machine table, being propelled by the driven sheave. Upon this sheave
is a
cam" shaped projection, so proportioned to the length of the strip required
to be cut off that at the proper point it pushes back the roller and the paper being
free is no longer propelled by the driven sheave, and any small excess amount of
paper which has been drawn off the roll falls back and is gathered up by the feed
sheave after the projection has passed round the spring roller comes again into
action when a like operation takes place, and so continuously, the "draw-off" being
each time a little in excess of what is required. A modified form of equivalent
mechanism is hereinafter described and shewn.
my
Another improvement which I propose to apply in connection with invention
and which is applicable to other bag-making machines is to fix a trough of paste
with one or more rollers revolving therein below and parallel with the "mould-
blocks," and set so that as one of the folds of the bag is being pushed in it passes
over the paste roller, taking up a sufficient quantity of paste to secure it when
closed.

page_text: mould table may be increased by a greater number of "mould-blocks" being fitted
on the table, a sufficient interval being provided at each stage for the operations of
forming the tube, closing the bottom, stripping off and folding in the bag, folding
the bottom over the top, and delivering the completed bag through the flattenin
rollers ready for packing. Only the essential mechanism is shewn for effecting
these operations according to my invention, the required differential motions being
derived by connecting rods and levers from " cams of suitable shapes driven at
the required speeds from shafting as is common to other bag making machines.
The bags being made as shewn on the drawings are 10 inches deep and 4 inches
square.
"
The first and second operations are shewn on Sheet 1 and the third or final
operations on Sheet 2. The same letters refer to same parts on all the figs., where
such parts are shewn, the bag being in each stage shewn by thick full lines.
Referring to Sheet 1, Fig. 1 is a plan, Fig. 2 an end view, and Fig. 3 side
view, in section, of the "mould-block" A. (the internal mechanism of which will
be referred to at that stage of the manufacture when it comes into operation) with
the strip of paper sufficient for one bag, having been drawn from the web, already
partly pasted, on to the "mould-block," the spring holder B. keeping the strip in
place while it is being cut and afterwards folded over the sides by the descent of
the plunger C (see Fig. 2). The under folder D¹ now advances and folds one half
of the strip over the bottom of the "mould-block" followed by the other folder D²
which folds the other half, the edge of which is pasted, over the edge of the first
and a rectangular tube is formed, sufficient paper projecting over the "mould-
block" (see Fig. 3) to form the bottom of the bag. The plunger C. now rises into
the position shewn by dotted lines (Fig. 3) and the lateral folders D' and D² also
now retire when a finger E., automatically operated by a
"below through a
"bell-crank" lever E¹, having been meanwhile in the position shewn by dotted
lines (Fig. 3) has now risen into the position shewn by full lines and presses close
the newly made under seam of the tube against the "mould-block" and holds it
firmly thereon. The bag upon the "mould-block now moves to the next stage
when the bottom is formed, the finger E. being now kept pressed against the seam
by a coned guide roller E2 running upon a guide path on the circular table until it
reaches the third stage when the coned roller drops into a gap in the guide path
and the finger E releases the bag from the block.
"
66
cam
Figs. 5, 6, and 7 shew an end view, plan, and side view respectively of the
arrangement of the vertical and horizontal roller folders for forming the bottom of
the bag. The vertical roller folder F¹ moving on the guide frame G. descends (by
the action of its cam and lever) folds the upper quarter of the bottom and retires,
when the other vertical roller folder F2 moving on the guide frame G. ascends (by
the action of its cam and lever) folds the lower quarter already pasted, over the
other, and retires. The horizontal roller folder F3 now advances on the guide
frame (by the action of its cam and lever) folds the left side quarter of the bottom,
already pasted, over the other two and retires, when the other horizontal roller
folder F advances (by the action of its cam and lever) folds the remaining quarter,
already pasted, over the preceding fold and keeps the folds pressed together (see
Fig. 6) till the "mould-block" A has moved round so far as to bring the bottom
of the bag, now completed, against the radial band H when it retires. The bag
now moves round on the "mould-block" another quarter circle and there rests,
and during this interval of rest the bottom is being formed of the following bag.
The first bag having moved another quarter circle has arrived at the stripping off,
creasing, gusseting, folding over the bottom, and flattening by rollers stages, and
all these various operations are shewn on Sheet 2 to which I will now refer.
Fig. 8 is a side elevation in section of the mechanism shewing the bag stripped
from the "mould-block," but supported by the hinged projecting plates, and the
operation of the ✓ "gusset" plates, the "fence" plates, and the top and bottom
folding plates. Fig. 9 is a plan shewing the operation of the "creasers
"tuckers" and of the top and bottom folding plates of which Fig. 94 is a side view.
"
or

page_text: "
creasers
or "tuckers" folding in the sides of the
shews a side view of one of the "creasers
39
Fig. 10 is an end view of the
bag, which is in section, and Fig. 10
or tuckers."
Fig. 11 is a side elevation of the bag completely clear of the "mould-block"
onto which the hinged plates have been withdrawn and which is free to move
round to receive the "blank" for another bag. The bag here is shewn as
completed just entering between the flattening rollers the bottom having been
folded over the upper side by the horizontal radial folding bar.
Fig. 12 is an end view of the flattening rollers and of a portion of the mechanism
by which the V "gusset" folders are adjusted to the bag at different stages and
Figs. 13 and 134 are plans shewing the adjusting gear in two positions.
.66
66
دو
"
"
"
a
Referring to Figs. 8, 9, and 10, the "mould-block" A (Fig. 8) forms a hollow
box, portions of the top and bottom of which a, a' are hinged and can be projected
beyond the mould. The stripping of the bag from the "mould-block" is effected
by a lever 1, operated by a cam," the end of which lever engages in the jaw
formed on a collar J, sliding along the "mould-block" from the back to the front
and delivering the bag clear of the "mould-block." Simultaneously the hinged
plates a and a² are projected outward (see Fig. 8) by the action of a lever 2.,
operated by a "cam," one end of which lever engages in the jaw of the crosshead K.
sliding in a slot a³ in top side of "mould-block" and in a guide at formed inside
the mould block, a rod K' formed on the crosshead being connected to a sliding
block e to the top of which the plate a is hinged, the bottom being bolted to the
bottom plate c of the "mould-block" and carries the hinged plate a¹. The hinged
plate a is kept level with the top of the block when drawn in (see Fig. 11) also
Fig. 3, (Sheet 1) by a spring d but when projected a roller d' or equivalent device
operated automatically by a lever from a cam presses down the hinged plate
against the resistance of the spring and, the other hinged plate a¹, being free to be
raised upward, the bag during the "creasing or tucking in process, whilst
retained of its proper width of top and bottom by the plates a and a', is so far
released as to allow the sides to be folded in by the "creasers or "tuckers" L.
(see Figs. 9 and 10). Simultaneously with the "creasing or "tucking" in of the
sides the end next the flat bottom now abutting against the "fence "plates M¹ is
gusseted" at sides and folded top and bottom by the V shaped "gusset" plates M
and the top and bottom plates N. The "gusset" plates M are secured in the
bottom of two moveable pillars O connected top and bottom to two fixed pillars P
by arms and operated by mechanism shewn in two positions on Figs. 13 and 13ª
which will now describe. It is necessary that the pillars O carrying the
"gusset "plates M should have two motions, viz. :-toward or from each other, by
their radial movements on the fixed pillars P, and also round their own axes for
the following reasons:-When a bag has been completed and is being delivered to
the flattening rollers the "gusset" plates have returned from forming the "gusset
but are too close together to allow the bag to pass freely to the rollers, but by the
operation of the slotted levers R fixed to the arms Q and actuated by a pin U
fixed in a sliding bar T, reciprocating by a connecting rod to a cam on the machine,
the pillars are caused to move radially apart as shewn on Fig. 13 or towards
each other by reverse action as shewn on Fig. 134 to the extent required, so that
when they are in the position on Fig. 13 furthest apart they are clear of the bag
on its passage to the flattening rollers. When the next bag is to be "gusseted
the sliding bar T, having moved forward by the action of its " cam in the direction
of the arrow (see Fig. 13) first, by the action of the fixed pin U. in the slots of
the lever R., draws the pillars O radially nearer to each other, and then the bar T.
continuing to advance, the links W. connecting the crosshead T¹ with the arms ✗
on the pillars O, turn the latter on their own axes so that the "gusset" plates M
turn inward and fold in the "gussets" next the bottom of the bag, the position
now being shewn on Fig. 134. Referring now to Figs. 8 and 11 the "gusset
plates M, and the top and bottom folding plates N having operated turn back and
the horizontal diagonal bar folder N'in the sector N³ operated from a cam through
"
"
"

page_text: the connecting arm N³ on its fulcrum N' now folds the bottom of the bag over the
upper side assisted by the upper "fence" plate M¹ when the folder N and the
"fence" plates which are actuated simultaneously from the radial bar N2 retire,.
the bag passing to the flattening rollers (see Fig. 11). The mould-block" A has.
now resumed its normal form by the sliding plates a, a¹ having been withdrawn by
the operation of the " cam "lever 2 simultaneously with the stripping collar by the-
t cam "lever this collar pressing down the tail end 6 of the hinged plate a,.
projecting from the "mould-block" (see Fig. 8) raises the plate a, flush with the
top of the "mould-block" and secures it in that position (see Fig. 11).
6
"
On Fig. 12 are also shewn the flattening rollers Y Y with their driving gear-
and a convenient arrangement for adjusting the top roller Y by a pair of links ff
worked by arms gg upon a weigh bar h, which is operated automatically through.
the arm i, from cam on the machine, so that the upper roller rises to admit.
the bag and then closes down upon it to perfectly flatten and deliver it, but
other equivalent mechanism may be employed. Referring now to Figs. 994, 10 10*
the creasing "tuckers" L are mounted upon their radial levers jj by a hinge-
joint at k controlled by a spring / bearing upon a fixed pin m whereby an amount of
easy adjustment is given to them in "tucking" in the sides of the bag. The two.
creasers or "tuckers L advance and retire together by the fulcrums P of their
radial leversjj being connected at bottom by the arms nn and link g, motion being
given to them by the rod r from a crank disc or cam." The top and bottom.
plate folders N are caused to rotate together to the required degree by the slotted
arms (see Fig. 9A) their motion being derived automatically from a cam
through the arm t on their axis w.
66
"
"
66
"
66
66
29.
The roller d' shewn on Fig. 8 or an equivalent gripper or presser under the-
hinged plate a¹ of the mould box is actuated automatically on a rocking arm and
is intended to keep the main seam of the bag, formed at the first stage, closed as
the bag is being stripped and until the creasers or "tuckers" draw up the hinged
plate a'. As well as keeping the underside seam of the bag pressed close when it
is being stripped from the "mould-block" by the roller d² or an equivalent gripping
or pressing device as just described, I propose to use a radial finger to keep the
folds of the bottom of the bag pressed close after they leave the radial guide H at
this stage, and until the bottom of the bag abuts against the "fence "plates M'.
This mechanism is shewn on Fig. 8ª Sheet 3, and consists of an arm d³ cranked to
clear the folder bar N¹ working radially upon a fulcrum above and operated
simultaneously with the stripping, from the cam lever 1, (see Fig. 8, Sheet 2).
When the bag is about to be stripped the button shaped end of the cranked arm
presses against the bottom folds and so travels with the bag until the bottom.
reaches the "fence" plates M when it ceases to act upon the bottom folds of the
bag and passes through a slot provided in the upper "fence" plate M' into its.
extreme forward position indicated by dotted lines where it remains till drawn back
by the stripping cam" lever the bag having been so far folded as to allow it to
pass clear.
<
"
On Fig. 4 (Sheet 1) is shewn in section and plan the improved method of
applying paste to the outer edge of the main side seam of the bag, immediately
before it is folded over the inner edge. This consists of a trough v fixed under
the "mould-block when in its first position containing paste and having in it a
roller which may form a brush, revolving amongst the paste by suitable ratchet
gear a driven from a convenient point on the machine. As the edge y of the strip
of paper hangs from the mould-block it rests against the revolving brush w and
when the folder D' advances it folds the newly pasted edge over the inner edge
and makes a perfect seam as the outer fold is completely pasted over its entire
length and quite up to the edge. One roller only is shewn, but two may be used,.
the lower one revolving entirely among the paste and delivering it to the roller
above.
Figs. 14 and 15, Sheet 3, shew in alternative forms my improved gear for drawing:

page_text: off the paper from the roll. On Fig. 14 the strip of paper 1 from the roll passes
round a roller 2 which is kept in contact with a driven feed roller 3 by a spring 4
and the paper is drawn off the roll until a cam shaped projection 3ª on one end of
the roller 3 (clear of the strip of paper) at certain periods in each revolution forces
back the roller 2 against the action of the spring and the drawing off ceases, the
surplus slack paper, shewn by dotted lines, falling back between the feed and
spring rollers into the loose loop shewn, which is gathered up by the feed roller 3
after the projecting cam has passed and the spring roller comes into contact again
with the driven roller when a further length of paper is drawn off the roll. The
cam shaped projection 3* is so proportioned to the driven roller 3 that the latter
will draw off at each operation a little more paper than is required for the bags
being made so as to prevent a strain on the regulating draw-forward rolls, tearing
the strip of paper, and at the same time avoid a large accumulation of slack paper
by continuous drawing off the roll.
"
The feed roller 3 is shewn driven by bevel gear from a driven shaft 5 at any
convenient part of the machine. The full lines shew the " cam operating to
arrest the drawing off, the surplus paper having fallen into a loop below, and the
dotted lines the feed roller operating in contact with the spring roller to gather
up all the slack and draw off a further length of paper from the roll.
66
"
On Fig. 15 the feed roller 3 is driven by a belt from a driven shaft 5 at any
convenient part of the machine the intermittent arresting of the drawing off from
the roll being effected by a cam 6 on the shaft 5 which pushes back a roller 7
at the end of a connecting rod 8 supported on a rocking arm 9 the other end of
the connecting rod being attached to a rocking arm 10 the end of which carries
the roller 2 which may be fitted with a spring if necessary. The operation is the
same as before described, the full lines in this case shew the paper having been
drawn off the roll and surplus hanging loose above, and the dotted lines shew the
gear when the roller 2 has been pushed back by the action of the " cam when
the slack surplus paper has fallen down between the two rollers into a loop to be
again gathered at next action of the feed roller.
"
Figs. 16 and 16 shew two views of a bag half the actual size as delivered from
the machine ready for packing and Fig. 17 the same bag opened out standing on
its bottom ready to be filled.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
"
1st. The improvements in machinery for making what are commonly called
"blocked-bottom and "satchel shaped paper bags comprising the use of
"mould-blocks of square or rectangular section, portions of which are moveable
and hinged and can be projected outward, on which the paper is received flat from
the web or sheet, folded by an automatic descending plunger over the sides and by
radial folders over the underside into a tube ready for forming, at the second stage,
the bottom of the bag, which is then, at a third stage, stripped from the "mould-
block," the hinged upper and lower side plates being simultaneously projected from
the "mould-block" to support the stripped bag during the operations of "creasing
or "tucking" in the sides, gusseting" the bottom and folding it over the top side
ready for flattening, after which the hinged projecting plates are withdrawn on to
the "mould-block," substantially as described and shewn.
"
2nd. In machines for making such paper bags with blocked bottoms the
application of the radial guide plate the inner circumference of which keeps the
folds of the newly formed bottoms of the bags pressed close during the progress
of the bags on the "mould-blocks to the next stage of their formation substan-
tially as described and shewn.
"
3rd. In machinery for making paper bags the fitting of the upper flattening
roller so as to automatically intermittently increase and diminish the space between

page_text: the rollers to facilitate the entrance of the partly flattened bag between them and
then to complete the flattening by increased pressure substantially as described and
shewn.
4th. The improvements in paper bag making machinery, consisting in the
improved "draw-off" mechanism in alternative forms to avoid the undue accumu-
lation of slack paper from the roll, and also the strain upon the regulating
"draw-forward" rolls, substantially as described and shewn by Figs. 14 and 15,
Sheet 3.
5th. In paper bag making machines the improved method of pasting the over-
lapping edge of the main seam by causing it to pass over the paste roller, or
rollers, revolving in a trough of paste so as to be pasted completely over the edge
immediately before it is folded over, substantially as described and shewn by
Fig. 4, Sheet 1.
"
6th. In machinery for making paper bags of "satchel" shape with "blocked"
bottoms imparting to the V shaped "gusseting tools two motions, one radial,
causing them to approach and separate, the other around their axes to effect the
"gusseting" operation substantially as described and shewn.
દ
7th. The improvements in machinery for making paper bags comprising in
combination "mould-blocks" of square or rectangular section with moveable hinged
plates; a descending plunger to fold over the sides; radial folders to fold over
and form the lower side seam, and a finger to keep said seam pressed close;
vertical and horizontal folders to form the bottom of the bag; a radial guide
plate to keep the bottom folds pressed close; mechanism for stripping the bag
from the "mould-block" and to project the moveable plates outward and withdraw
them; mechanism to keep the lower seam and the folds of the bottom pressed
close when the bag is being stripped;
"
creasers or " tuckers" to fold in the
sides of the bag; V shaped gusseting tools having radial and revolving
motions; top and bottom plate folders; the horizontal radial diagonal bar to fold
the bottom over the top side; adjustable rolls to receive and flatten the bag for
packing the draw-off mechanism, in alternative forms; and the appliance for
pasting one edge of the seam of lower side of the bag immediately before it is
folded over the other edge; the whole constructed and operating automatically in
proper sequence, substantially as described and shewn, and with the objects.
hereinbefore stated.
;
"
Dated this Och day of April 1094.
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent..