Ships' Cattle Fittings.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 13th May, 1891-Accepted, 13th June, 1891
PROVISIONAL DEPOINTCATION.
Ships' Cattle Fittings.
I, JAMES MARTIN THOMAS, of 28, St. Albans Road, Bootle, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The chief object of this invention is to provide cattle fittings for ships which
shall be more durable, cleaner and stronger than those at present usually employed,
and also to make or provide such fittings which shall be generally more suitable for
the end which they are intended to serve.
A ship's deck or "tween-deck" provided with improvements according to this
invention consists as follows:-Usually there exists in a ship of medium-or above
medium-size three fixed staunchions, (or sometimes two); in the case of a ship
having three of such staunchions and of sufficient beam to carry abeam four beasts
lengthwise, I utilize all of such stanchions as a means for fixing or supporting
some of the fittings hereinafter described.
In addition to the fixed staunchions 1 provide hinged or equivalently supported
iron or steel staunchions or uprights, and these staunchions are adapted to hold
longitudinal fittings and to swing or stow up under the deck out of the way when
not required. The space between these swinging or moving staunchions, and the
two outer fixed ones serve as the alleyways. At a certain height on the moving
staunchions I attach longitudinal rails which may be of wood; and also at the
bottom I provide other rails, these latter being secured to sliding sleeves on the
staunchions. On or in connection with these sleeves I provide projections, bolts or
other suitable devices adapted to engage with a corresponding recess or other
suitable means of locking said sleeve in position when in position of use on the deck.
A. pin or other equivalent device may be used on or in connection with the staunchion
to lock or fix the sleeves and lower rails in position. This device also serves to
hold the sleeve up at a higher level on the staunchion when it is desired to stow
such staunchion with the rails. A catch on the roof or deck above is provided to
hold up the hinged staunchions when in their stowed position.
The fixed staunchions are provided with corresponding rails to those just
mentioned, the upper ones being fixed by a hinge or other joint to a clamp sleeve
which is adapted to grip the staunchions and hold them in position; and a lower
catch may be provided on these staunchions to hold the bottom of the rails. This
rail can be stowed against the roof by slacking the clamp sleeve and sliding it up
the staunchion. When this is done the rail is swung out on its hinge and caught in
a horizontal position to the roof or deck above, by any suitable catch. The lower
railing is hinged at the bottom and is adapted to move down out of the vertical
position for stowing on the deck.
Division railings or boards are provided so as to separate the cattle and pen
them off into sets of single animals or any other number. These division boards or
railings may be hinged at the bottom and fixed by suitable means near the deck
above when in position. When the ship is not carrying cattle, these boards are
unfixed above and move down about their hinges onto the deck.
The central division may consist of ordinary planks dropped into ordinary guides
provided on the central fixed staunchions.
It is to be understood that the invention is not confined to the particular arrange-
ment and combination of parts herein above specified, as it has been described
particularly with reference to a certain construction of "tween-decks" of a ship,
and therefore in ships differing from this it will be plain the arrangement and

page_text: combination may be modified in different ways.
Also it is to be understood that I
do not confine myself to the particular constructions, fixings, and combinations of
parts as herein above specified as these may be differently made, mounted, or fixed
and combined, accordingly as the conditions of application of the invention or
requirements may vary and render modification necessary, but without departing
from the general nature, effects, and purposes of the invention.
Dated this 12th day of August 1890.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.
Ships' Cattle Fittings.
I, JAMES MARTIN THOMAS, of 28, St. Albans Road, Bootle, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The chief object of this invention is to provide cattle fittings for ships which
shall be more durable, cleaner, and stronger than those at present usually employed,
and also to make or provide such fittings as shall be generally more suitable for the
end which they are intended to serve.
A. ship's deck or "tween-deck" provided with improvements according to this
invention consists as follows:-Usually there exists in a ship of medium or above
medium size three fixed staunchions, (or sometimes two); in the case of a ship
having three of such staunchions and of sufficient beam to carry abeam four beasts
lengthwise, I utilize all of such staunchions as a means for fixing or supporting
some of the fittings hereinafter described.
In addition to the fixed staunchions I provide swinging, hinged-or equivalently
supported-iron or steel staunchions or uprights, either solid or tubular, and these
staunchions are adapted to hold longitudinal fittings and to swing or stow up under
the deck out of the way when not required. The space between these swinging or
moving staunchions, and the outer fixed ones serve as the alleyways. At a certain
height on the moving staunchions I attach longitudinal rails which may be of wood;
and also at the bottom I provide other rails, these latter being secured to sliding
sleeves on the staunchions or bolted thereto without sleeves. On or in connection
with these sleeves I provide projections, bolts, or other suitable devices adapted to
engage and lock said sleeve in position on the staunchion when in position of use on
the deck. A pin or other equivalent device may be used on or in connection with
the stanchion to lock or fix the sleeves and lower rails in position. This device
also serves to hold the sleeve up at a higher level on the staunchion when it is
desired to stow such staunchion with the rails. A catch on the roof or deck above
is provided to hold up the hinged staunchions when in their stowed position.
The fixed staunchions are provided with corresponding rails to those just
mentioned, the upper ones being fixed by a hinge or other joint to a clamp sleeve
which is adapted to grip the staunchions and hold them in position; and a lower
catch may be provided on the staunchions to hold the bottom of the rails. These
rails can be stowed against the roof by slacking the clamp sleeve and sliding it up
the stanchion. When this is done the rail is swung out on its hinge and caught in
a horizontal position to the roof or deck above by any suitable catch. The lower
railing is hinged at the bottom and is adapted to move down out of the vertical
position for stowing on the deck.
Division railings or boards are provided so as to separate the cattle and pen them
off into sets of single animals, or any other number. These division boards or
railings may be hinged at the bottom and fixed by suitable means to the deck above
when in position. When the ship is not carrying cattle, these boards are unfixed

page_text: dunnage.
The central division of the ship may consist of ordinary planks dropped into
ordinary guides provided on the central fixed staunchions.
In the drawings which serve to illustrate this invention, I shew, in Figure 1, the
general arrangement in perspective of fittings when fixed, for cattle. Figure 2
shews these fittings stowed and the positions they occupy when the vessel is ready to
receive cargo.
Figures 3, 4 and 5 are respectively cross section, sectional plan, and longitudinal
section of the arrangement shewn in Figures 1 and 2, shewing the parts thereof to
a larger scale.
Figures 6 to 13 inclusive are details of this invention, and are hereinafter
referred to.
Referring to the drawings, a are two decks of a ship, a' is the skin of the ship;
are the ship's frames; and c are the ordinary beams. d designates the existing
staunchions of the ship; e are the hinged or swinging staunchions which provide;
are the division railings or boards are the longitudinal breast boards or rails
connected to the staunchions d and e; and are the bottom boards or rails, which
are called trough boards.
In Figures 1 to 5 there is shewn two sets of stalls, namely, side stalls, and
midship stalls, and the space between these stalls running longitudinally of the
ship, that is, between the staunchions e and d, is the alleyway.
Respecting the different modes and means of arranging, fixing, stowing, and
otherwise arranging the different parts above specified, the division railings or
boards are hinged to the deck at their lower ends by hinges, and they are
held in the vertical position, when so desired, by the fittings or shoes f³, and the
bolt which passes through vertical slots in the flanges of such shoes and
by the lifting of which in the slots the boards can be locked or released
at will.
The hinged or swinging staunchions e are hinged to the beams e by hook bolts el
and fit, at their lower ends, into sockets e fixed on the deck, as shown in Figure 11,
or sunk into same, as shewn in Figure 11. The staunchions e slide up and down
on the bolt el when shipping into or out of the socket e². A modification of the
staunchione is shewn in Figures 12 and 13, wherein the hinge consists of an
ordinary bolt or nut e', the head of the staunchion having a slot therein and free
to slide on the bolt el. The socket 2, in this case, is open at one part, as shown,
and has a slot at each side into which ships a pin e' in the end of the stanchion e.
The breast boards or rails y and trough boards are fixed to the staunchions e by
staple bolts g', which may have clamping nuts by which the boards g and are
clamped up to and held to the stanchions e, a washer g³ being provided between
the nuts and the board. The stanchions are held up under the deck, when
stowed, by the catches or hooks i. The breast boards or rails g of the fixed ship's
staunchions, see Figures 6 and 7, are secured thereto, when in place, as in Figure 1,
by the split clasp band k, one joint of which serves as a hinge to which the plates ²,
which support the boards g, are attached and about this hinge these boards g may
These boards are held to the staunchions e, that is clamped to them, when
fixed for use, by the hook bolt and nuts, which passes through the boards g and
round the staunchions as shewn. The bands are clamped on the staunchions, or
loosened, by working the nut of the bolt . The trough boards or rails of the
staunchions d (see Figure 7) are hinged to the deck by hingest, and are held in
position by the clamp hooks m, which are of split form, hinged at m', and
clamped onto the staunchion d by the bolt and nut m²:
move.
When it is desired to stow the fittings so as to convert the space of a ship fitted
under this invention to carry cattle, it is only necessary to let the division boards
or rails down into the horizontal position onto the deck; lift the staunchions e out
of their sockets and swing them up under the deck, and catch and hold them there

page_text: by the hooks i; loose the clamps m on the staunchions and disengage the trough
boards or rails h, swing them about their hinges until they lie flat upon the deck
and then lower the clamps m themselves; and release the hooks and unclamp
the clamps and slide them up the staunchions & close to the beams c and clamp
them there, and also swing up the boards into the horizontal position and catch
them there by the hooks which are hinged to the beans c. All of these stowed
positions are shewn clearly in Figure 2.
The breast boards or rails g and the trough boards or rails h, at the points at
which they are connected together, are so connected by ordinary metal plates o, as
shewn in Figure 1, or in any other suitable way.
It will be seen that these fittings, namely, the division boards or rails f
staunchions e, and other parts, can be rapidly and easily removed or fitted at will
and therefore in cases in which it is desired to remove these parts, this invention
affords equal facilities as in the case in which it is only desired to move the parts
up and out of the way in the manner described to stow them. When the staunchions
are unshipped with their boards thereon they may be placed against the ship's side
to form coping, and they thereby obviate the necessity of providing permanent
cope iron fittings, which would otherwise be required; and they also afford
exceptional advantage for gaining easy access to the ship's side for the purposes of
cleaning, repairs, etcetera.
"
I would have it understood that the invention is not confined to the particular
construction set forth with reference to the drawings, as in ships differing in their
'tween decks from the one shewn the arrangement and combination may be
modified in different ways to suit the different conditions. Nor do I confine myself
to the particular form and construction of fixings of the parts herein above
particularly specified, as these may be modified accordingly as the conditions of
application of the invention or requirements may vary and render a modification
necessary or desirable, and without departing from the general nature, effects, and
purposes of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is
1. In ships cattle fittings, the arrangement of staunchions in combination with
the beams of the deck forming the roof in such a manner that such staunchions can
be swung up under the deck and stowed out of the way; substantially as herein set
forth.
2. Ships' cattle fittings wherein the breast boards or rails (such as y) are
adapted to move up and down the staunchions of a ship's "tween decks" and be
stowed out of the way; substantially as herein set forth for the purposes specified.
3. Ships' cattle fittings wherein the lower boards or rails (such as h) are secured
to the deck and adapted to fold down onto the deck when not required; substantially
as and for the purposes herein set forth.
4. Ships' cattle fittings having division rails or boards adapted to fold down and
lie upon the deck when not required; substantially as and for the purposes herein
set forth.
5. In ships' cattle fittings, the combination of parts consisting of movable
staunchions e, having breast boards or rails and trough boards or rails; and hinged
division rails or boards f; arranged and operating as set forth with reference to the
drawings.
6. In ships' cattle fittings, the combination of parts consisting of the fixed
staunchions d with breast boards or rails y fixed thereto and adapted to move
thereon trough rails or boards hinged to the deck, and held in position,
vertically, by sliding clamp hooks me mounted on the staunchion; and division rails
or boards hinged to the deck; arranged and operating as set forth with reference
to the drawings.

page_text: 7. The parts of the herein described ships' cattle fittings set forth more
particularly with reference to Figures 6 and 7; Figure 8; Figures 9 and 10;
Figures 11 and 114; and Figures 12 and 13; arranged, constructed and adapted to
operate as and for the purposes described.
Dated this 12th day of May 1891.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.