IMPROVE- MENTS IN INJECTORS BOTH FOR LIVE AND EXHAUST STEAM
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 30th June, 1887
Complete Left, 29th Mar., 1888
Complete Accepted, 4th May, 1888
I JOHN FLETCHER Brass Founder Borough Brass Works Ashton-under-Lyne in
the county of Lancaster do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN INJECTORS BOTH FOR LIVE AND EXHAUST STEAM to be as follows:-
My invention relates chiefly to injectors for feeding steam boilers, which are
automatic in restarting, should action get stopped by loss of water or other attendant
causes. My improvement renders injectors whether supplied by live or exhaust steam
more prompt in their action than any I have seen hitherto.
I have an extra overflow in combination with rigid or stationary nozzles, that is to
say my nozzles do not slide or move in any direction; by extra overflow I mean that
besides the usual overflows in automatic live steam and exhaust injectors, I form an
over flow at the end of a rigid or motionless delivery nozzle. I close the first and
third overflow chambers by connected or combined double annular V valves. I am
aware that this first overflow has already been closed by an annular V valve, but I am
not aware of its having been closed in such an efficient advantageous, and secure a
principle as that which I adopt. In one form of injector for which letters patent were
granted to Severin Borland 8 Nov. 1884 such a V valve seating as I mention has been
applied to close the first overflow only, but with no other closing action than the flush
power at the end of the combining cone and when Borlands injector is at work there
is only the power of a partial vacuum which is created by passage of combined fluid
past the first overflow in the combining nozzle to hold V valve in position so that tho
V valve is liable to fall from position with a slight jolt or other attendant agencies
which should be guarded against in injectors, the ordinary overflow between the
combining and delivery nozzles is not required as an agent to close any of the over
flows. I carry rods or their equivalent past the middle overflow and to a valve seating
formed in the delivery chamber so that I can close the first or lifting overflow by
the power of the injected fluid after it has passed through the delivery nozzle by doing
so I get the delivery end of this delivery nozzle open to. the atmosphere so that
inducement of injection is more rapid the additional overflow allowing the fluid to
get up a velocity in the stationary delivery nozzle without having at same time to

page_text: overcome the pressure of the boiler, this system of having an extra overflow as
described is most advantageous for live steam injectors and especially so in exhaust
or low pressure steam injectors because velocity can be set up in the injecting nozzle,
because injector is started against the atmosphere at the end of every nozzle; and the
increased velocity at delivery overflow actuates a double V valve at the end of the
rods or equivalent before described passing middle or ordinary overflow which valve
rushing up to its seatings simultaneously actuates the double V valve at the other end
of the rods so that I close simultaneously the first and third overflow chambers and I
have this further advantage that after check valve to boiler is opened I hold the the
two double V valves in position by the pressure of the boiler so that my first overflow
chamber referred too in the former part of this specification is held secure or closed
by the boiler or injecting pressure, so that 1 bave a positive motion and do not
require and depend on the vacuum support already explained because I have my two
double V valves a rigid fixture to each other.
I lead all three overflows out to one branch The injector is generally of circular
internal construction and composed of Gun Metal.
Dated this 29th day of June 1887.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Injectors both for Live and Exhaust Steam.
JOHN FLETCHER Borough Brass Works Ashton under Lyne in the county of
Lancaster I John Fletcher do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to make injectors with greater facility for injecting
and maintaining action with less liability to derangement than hitherto should
I set
action cease through loss of water steam, obstacles, or other attendant causes.
up velocity of liquid flow through every cone against the atmosphere so that I have
an extra overflow or free outlet to the atmosphere at the terininal of the injector
delivery nozzle, in combination with rigid or stationary nozzles, which outlet 1 close
with the injected fluid or boiler pressure after it has left the delivery nozzle.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of my rapid restarting injector for live steam. Fig. 2
shows my improved injector for exhaust steam or low pressure steam, A is the steaming
nozzle is the lifting cone C1 inlet for water or fluid to be injected, D is the com-
bining cone,
E the mixing or injecting nozzle F' is a sliding frame piece or equivalent
turned on four sides to an angle of about 45 degrees forming double V valves showing
in fig. 1 the position of this frame piece when injector is at work and in fig. 2 when
injector is not at work. The body and cones of fig. 1 & 2 are preferably of circular
form and made of Gun Metal. The bodies or outer casings of fig. 1 and 2 may be
constructed for convenience in three parts viz. C1, A 1, & A 2, part 1 having branches
for steam and water supply. A 1 forming the overflow chamber and branch A 2
the delivery end forming injected fluid. It will be noted that I have two valve faces
or edges formed on parts CI and D and two on A 1 and E suitable diameters and
distances that the rings of space formed on the valve seatings or edges are closed
simultaneously by double valve frame piece F. The valve frame piece as shown in
fig. 1 against seatings is in necessary position for injector supplying water to boiler or
other place where injection is a necessity against pressure, so that the overflow
chamber A is divided in three parts A, A 1, and A 2, excepting by communication
through the nozzles D and E. When the valve frame piece is not bearing against or
upon the seatings the whole spaco A A 1 and A 2. may be considered as one chamber
being connected within the whole of the casing as well as through the nozzles. The
lettered and numbered marks or references on the drawings and description herewith
apply alike to figs. 1 and 2. The action of the injectors is as follows; Steam and
liquid to be injected combine.and issue from cone C in combination into nozzle D and
overflow chamber marked A, fluid finding easy egress through these apertures, via outlet
branch A. An opening at this point that is an opening in the combining cone as an
extra outlet for steam when starting an injector is not my invention as a similar.

page_text: opening or openings is described in the specification (see T1 fig. 9) of Kortings
patent No. 1055-1871. It is however necessary after a certain point of injection is
attained that this opening shall be firmly and securely closed and my system of closing
and freely opening this last described overflow forms a new and improved construction
of injector and setting up injection column. Velocity is readily increased upon
combined fluid issuing from the opening Cinto the combining cone D and overflow
chambers marked A, fluid finding easy egress through the apertures via outlet
branch A 1, causing fluid to rush further into injecting cone or delivery nozzle E,
which cone having a communication also out to the atmosphere ria overflow branch A 1
and cone E being the necessary shape and angle to induce the fluid to pass through,
when proper velocity of fluid is attained pressure is sufficiently increased that valve
frane piece F is readily driven on to its facings thus forming and closing that part of
overflow chambers A and the injector delivery overflow chamber A2 from the
atmosphere or outlet branch A 1, and according to usual injector results the velocity
of injected fluid is forced to enter the boiler or other place against the driving pressure,
the frame piece F at same time as aforesaid closes that part of the overflow chamber
marked A from the atmosphere so that injection goes on in the ordinary way. The
advantage of my improvement is that I hold the first overflow chamber A closed by
the aid of pressure in the delivery tube A 2 whilst ordinary injector overflow at
combining cone terminal D in chamber A 1 is uneffected that is to say neither opened
or closed, but whilst opening and closing action as described herein is going on the
nozzles are free to the overflow branch A1 just as an ordinary nonautomatic injector
and I effect this opening and closing action of A and A 2 chambers or overflows in com-
bination with stationary rigid or motionless nozzles or cones by the power of the pressure
in delivery or injector cone A 2. I am aware that this first overflow has already been
closed by a ring valve, in an injector for which letters patent were granted to Severin
Borland 8 Nov. 1884, but the closing action was none other than the power of the
fluid at the end of combining tube or cone and after injection takes place this power
is withdrawn and a partial vacuum substituted so that there was nothing to hold the
valve to its seating further than the power of the aforesaid partial vacuum created by
passage of combined fluid past the first overflow, whilst I hold my valve to its facings
with the injected or boiler pressure as described. In other instances a valve to close
first overflow has been held to its face by its own weight, a spring, assistance of steam,
from the steam pipe, all these devices operate against and must be overcome by the
power of the starting steam before water can be flushed through, whilst any device
depending on a partial vacuum only, to hold it to its face is easily jolted off thus
admitting air & causing a cessation of injected flow, and further: hitherto all fixed or
motionless injector nozzles have the delivery end in communication with the feed
connection without vent or communication to the atmosphere, in fact inventors have
always rigidly excluded the delivery pipe or nozzle from communication with overflow
chambers or the atmosphere so that fluid to be injected does not so readily enter the
receiving orifice of the injector nozzle being upon such entry in immediate contact
with the check valve, boiler pressure, or resistance to be overpowered, whilst with my
improved arrangement injected fluid runs the whole length of the injector delivery
nozzle there being a vent or communication to the overflow chambers or atmosphere
so that injecting power or necessary velocity is more rapidly set up than was previously
possible in a stationary injecting or injector delivery nozzle, and nozzles being fixed
rigid all relative injecting positions are unaffected by starting & restarting
operations.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Closing first overflow chambers (in automatic restarting injectors whether for
live, exhaust or low pressure steam,) with the power of the injected fluid or boiler
pressure without actuating, moving, sliding or in any way altering the relative
positions or distances of any of the injector nozzles or cones.

page_text: 2. A passage or communication from the outlet of a motionless or stationary
injector delivery nozzle to the overflow chamber or atmosphere.
3. Injected fluid flowing through such communication or passage out to the
atmosphere until closed or stopped by its action or power actuating a piece or frame
on which are formed suitable valves, automatically closing such communication or
outlet to the atmosphere as referred too in claim 2 and simultaneously closing first
overflow chamber as referred too in claim 1 by the same power and piece or
frame.
4. Automatically sliding valve piece F or its equivalent closing apertures and
overflows substantially and as described in this specification and accompanying
drawings.
5. The several combinations and general arrangements of injectors as described in
this specification and accompanying drawings.