IMPROVEMENTS IN MA- CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DOFFING AND REPLACING BOBBINS OF THROSTLES AND SIMILAR MACHINES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Taylor, of Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Mechanic, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MA-
CHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DOFFING AND REPLACING BOBBINS OF THROSTLES
AND SIMILAR MACHINES."
Scaled the 8th August 1871, and dated the 16th February 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Taylor at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th February 1871.
I, JAMES TAYLOR, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DOFFING AND REPLACING BOBBINS OF THROSTLES
AND SIMILAR MACHINES," to be as follows :-
In my improved machinery I employ a bar with projections thereon
sliding longitudinally, and by means of these projections the flyers
are turned a certain distance out of the centre of hooks or recesses on
another bar so as to prevent the said flyers from impeding the motion
thereof. This bar then moves forward and by means of the hooks or

page_text: recesses embraces the necks of the flyers and brings them into one line.
The unscrewing of the flyers is effected by a longitudinal worm working
into pinions which are for the time fastened to the spindles by a pin
connexion, but from which they may be liberated; this worm turns
the spindles back by which the unscrewing of the flyers is effected and
they are left suspended in the aforesaid bar, by which they are also
moved perpendicularly out of the way of the bobbins. A knife edged
bar passes between the bobbins and the rail, and a wire advances upon
the front edges of the bobbins. The bobbins and the flyers are then
moved perpendicularly, so that the former are above the points of the
spindles, and are then tipped over into a receptacle extending along
the machine. The empty bobbins are placed upon a cradle behind the
spindles, and when the aforesaid motions have been effected it advances
and turns the bobbins upon the spindles, after which the aforesaid bar
deposits the flyers on the spindle ends, and the screwing on is effected
by the rotation of the spindles in the working direction. The bar then
retires and a few revolutions of the spindles effect the winding on of the
thread ready for spinning. To break off the ends a longitudinal weighted
cord advances and clasps the threads against one side of the aforesaid
receptacle, and rotatory motion being imparted the threads are broken
and the machine may then be set in motion for spinning.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 16th August 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
TAYLOR, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of February, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-sixth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said James Taylor, Her special license that I,
the said James Taylor, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said James Taylor, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no

page_text: others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain, and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DOFFING AND REPLACING BOBBINS OF
THROSTLES AND SIMILAR MACHINES," upon the condition, amongst others,
that I, the said James Taylor, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the-
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Taylor, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
My Invention consists in the construction and operation of certain
mechanism by means of which the necessity for doffing filled bobbins
and adapting empty ones by hand labour is dispensed with.
And in order to clearly explain the different operations thereof, I will
in the first instance describe by the aid of a series of Diagrams the
different positions which are assumed by those parts which immediately
effect the required operations, and subsequently certain mechanical
arrangements by which they are actuated.
In Fig. 1 a represents in top view the upper part of one of the flyers
and spindle of a throstle; at 6 is a bar capable of sliding lengthwise, and
furnished with projecting pieces c, and in conjunction therewith is another
bar d also furnished with projecting parts provided with notches e.
When the bobbins are filled and it is required to doff, the bar 6 is caused
to slide in the direction of its length, as shewn by the arrow, and by this
motion the projections c thereon are brought against the legs of those
flyers which are within their range, and they are thereby turned into a
position parallel with the said bar or nearly so; but the object at present
is simply to turn them so that they will not impede the advance of the
notches e towards them. This having been done the projection c which
has turned the flyer a stands in a line with the boss thereof, and both of
the bars b, d, are caused to advance towards the flyer. By this motion
the notch e is caused to enclose the spindle beneath the neck of the

page_text: flyer, as seen in Fig. 2, the projection c on the bar 6 resting against the
boss of the flyer. In this Fig. 2 frepresents an empty bobbin, which is
mounted upon a cradle hereafter to be described, and which is to take
the place of the filled bobbin when it has been doffed..
The next operation is to unscrew the flyer from the spindle, which
operation is effected by turning the spindle in the direction the reverse
of that in which it is driven for spinning, and simultaneously or nearly
so, a blade g, Fig. 2, advances and is inserted beneath the bottom flange
of the bobbin, and is then moved upward carrying the bobbin with it,
and at the same time a wire advances and takes a position beneath
the front of the bobbin. The bar d now moves upward, taking with it
the unscrewed flyer, and at the same time the blade g and wire h also
move upward, carrying with them the bobbin, and when this has got
clear of the top of the spindle the wire his withdrawn, so as to take
away its support and the said bobbin falls over, as seen in Fig. 3, into
any receptable, a péculiar construction of which as connected with the
breaking off of the yarn will hereafter be explained. The cradle on
which the empty bobbin fis mounted is now advanced and places the
bobbin over the spindle i, on which it falls and slides down into its
working position, as seen in Fig. 4, the flyer being still held suspended
in the bar d. There are cross recesses / in the projections e (Fig. 1),
into which the top parts of the legs of the flyers sink, and this brings the
boss of the flyer flush with the said bar, when it rises to lift the flyer
when it has been unscrewed, and after this the bar c slides over the top
of the said flyer boss, as seen in Figures 3 and 4. The two bars c, d, now
fall and carry the flyer down on to the top of the spindle, which is then
caused to make a few revolutions in the direction for spinning, which
operation screws the flyer on to the spindle in its working position, during
which operation the bar c presses as described on the flyer boss, so as to
ensure the said screwing taking place.
It will be understood that during this revolution of the spindles the
bobbin is in the receptacle placed to receive it, and the end is not as yet
broken off; when the flyer therefore descends to be screwed on to the
spindle it carries the yarn with it, and during the few turns of the spindle
for screwing on the said yarn is wound upon the bobbin, as shewn in
Fig. 5, while the end proceeds to the doffed bobbin. The breaking off
now takes place by means hereafter to be described, and when that is

page_text: done the spinning may go on as usual, the yarn having been adapted to
the bobbin, as shewn as described.
Having thus explained the construction and general operation of those
parts which act immediately upon the bobbin and flyer, I will proceed
to describe certain mechanical arrangements by means of which the
several motions may be effected.
Fig. 6 represents an end view of a throstle with my improvements
adapted; Fig. 7, a partial side view; Fig. 8 another partial side view of
the other end of the frame, and Fig. 9 is a partial view of the opposite
end to Fig. 6. There are also other detached views which will be
referred to as required.
At 1 is the shaft of the usual tin drum or roller, and at 2 the loose
pulley thereof, upon which is mounted a pulley 3 driving a drum 4 by
means of a strap 5. Upon the axis of this drum is a bevil pinion 6
capable of being slidden in and out of gear with a wheel 7 upon an
angular axis 8, the other end of which is provided with another bevil 9
driving one 10 upon a longtitudinal shaft 11. Upon this shaft is a
pinion 12, which by means of an intermediate 13 drives a wheel 14 upon
a shaft 15 on which there is mounted a lever 16 carrying a bowl 17,
which is situate in a fork 18 carried by a lever 19, which turns upon a
centre 20, the outward end of the said fork being open, so that the
bowl 17 may at certain times hereafter to be mentioned pass from it.
Upon the axis of the lever 19 is an arm 21 extending upward and pro-
vided with a slot 22, within which is a pin 23 carried by an arm 21,
which is attached to the bar b. The bar bis mounted upon inclines 6*
formed upon the other bar d, and upon these inclines it is capable of
sliding backward or forward,
In order that my Invention may be clearly understood I will describe
the operation of each motion separately, as far as possible, so as to
connect them with the different positions of the operating parts shewn
at Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. And having now pointed out the arrangement
for sliding the bar b lengthwise I will refer to the operation thereof.
When the bobbins are full, and it is desired to doff, the machine is
stopped at the half lift and the strap being on the loose pulley, and
the pinion 6 being geared to the wheel 7 by the lever 85*, motion will
be communicated to the shaft 15 by means of the pulley 3 and drum 4,
and through the train described to the shaft 25, which in its turn

page_text: drives the shaft 15 by means of the spur gearing 12, 13, 14, and by
these means the lever 16 is caused to revolve and carry its bowl 17
along the fork 18, acting against it so as to turn the lever 19 in the
direction of the arrow, and the lever 21 will therefore also be caused to
turn upon the said centre. By these means the side of the slot 22 is
caused to act against the pin 23 which is connected to the plate b, and
thus the said plate is caused to slide lengthwise. In Fig. 10 the tops of
three flyers are shewn, and when the machine is stopped for doffing
they assume of course any accidental positions, and the first thing to be
donc is to partially turn those which would be in the way of the advance
of the bar d. Some of them may not require this, but others, as in the
case of that shewn at a, must be so turned. When, therefore, the bar b
is slidden lengthwise, as above described, one of the projections c arrives
in contact with the leg of the flyer d and partially turns it, and this
sliding motion will have brought the said projecting part c in a line
with the boss of the flyer.
The next operation to be performed is to bring the parts into the
position shewn at Fig. 2, and this is done in the following manner :—
The bar d is mounted upon an upright lever 25, which at its lower end
turns upon a centre 26, and upon this centre is a weighted lever
which carries a strap 28, the other end thereof being attached to a
roller 29 fixed upon the shaft 15 before referred to. When the shaft 15
revolves by the means above described it winds the strap around its
periphery, thereby lifting the lever 27 and causing the other lever 25
to turn upon its centre 26 in the direction of the arrow, whereby
the bars 6 and d will be moved forward, the recesses or forks e of the
former passing on each side of the spindle and assuming a position
beneath the neck of the flyer, as seen in Fig. 2. As this movement
takes place the projections c of the bar b arrive in contact with the
bosses of the flyers and slide backward upon the inclines b*, still
remaining in contact with the said bosses, as also seen in Fig. 2.
Simultaneously with these movements the knife bar g assumes the
position shewn in Fig. 2. This bar is shewn at 9 in Fig. 6, mounted
upon a centre pin 30 which is carried by the aforesaid lever 25, but
it is forced forward by a weighted cord 31, one end of which is attached
to an arm 32 projecting from the said bar, and is prevented from turning
beyond a certain distance by a stop screw 33. As the lever 25 turns in
the direction of the arrow the knife blade g is projected slightly beneath

page_text: the bobbin, as seen in Fig. 2, but should an undue resistance to that
motion take place the said knife bar will give way against the weighted
cord 31. The flyers have now to be unscrewed and the bobbin lifted,
which motions are effected by the following means:-Upon the axis of
the drum 4 is a bevil 34 in gear with another 35, upon the axis of which
is a pulley 36 capable of driving another pulley 37 mounted upon a
shaft 38, which I shall hereafter call the cam shaft. According to the
description already given this cam shaft might have been revolving
during the operations above described, but it has been held, and thus
prevented from revolving, the strap 39 being sufficiently loose to slip.
This holding of the shaft has been effected in the following manner:—
At 40 is a disc mounted on the said shaft and provided with a projecting
pin 41, situate, as shewn in the Drawing, against the end of a lever 42
capable of turning upon a centre 43. On the opposite side of the
centre 26 of the lever 27 before referred to is a short arm which carries
a rail 44 supporting a frame 52 which is formed with an incline 46
(Fig. 9). This incline is situate against a roller 47 carried by a lever 48
turning upon the centre 43, upon which is also the lever 42, which
according to the position shewn acts as the abutment for the pin 41.
When the strap 28 is wound upon the roller 29, as above described, it
turns as already explained the arm 25 upon its centre of motion in
order to bring the bars b, d, into the position shewn at Fig. 2, in doing
which a stop upon a bracket 49 fixed to the said arm arrives in contact
with a stationary rod 50, and when this has taken place the arm 25
being no longer able to turn upon its centre 26 is carried bodily upward
together with the rail 44 by which its centre of motion is carried, and
thus the incline 46 acts upon the lever 48 and liberates the cam shaft so
as to render it free to revolve, and it follows that the rising of the arm 25.
by carrying with it the knife bar g commences lifting the bobbin on
the spindle. At this time another part of the operations take place, for
upon the bobbin being slightly lifted the wire h, explained in reference
t Fig. 2, is brought forward beneath it so to support the side opposite to
the knife bar g. This wire h stretches of course across the machine,
and is carried by levers, one of which is shewn at 50, Figs. 6 and 8.
These levers turn upon a centre 51, which is carried by a frame 52
attached to the rail 44. Upon the same centre 51 is another lever 53,
jointed at its outward end 53* to a bar 54, which extends downward, but,
is drawn upward by the elastic force of a spring 55, the upper end of
which is attached to the frame 52. The bar 54 as mentioned is drawn

page_text: upward by the spring 55, but according to the position shewn it cannot
move in that direction, a stop 56 thereon being in contact with the
stationary part 57. As therefore the rail 44 moves upward the centre
of motion 53* is stationary, but the lever 53 is caused to turn thereon
and move the other lever 50 inward, and thus carrying with it the
wire h places it beneath the bottom of the bobbin so as to form a support.
At 58 is the ordinary rail which carries the footsteps for the spindles,
above which is another rail 59, on which are placed pinions 60, through
which the spindles 61 pass loosely. One of these pinions is shewn at
Fig. 11, and they are provided with a slot 62 formed in their bosses
which are capable when lowered of coming into gear with pins projecting
from the spindles, but situate, according to the position shewn, beneath,
and therefore free of them. The rail 59 is supported by toothed bars 63
in gear with pinions 64, from which there extend arms 65, bearing
according to the positions shewn against cams 66 fixed to the shaft 15,
and in gear with the pinions 60 is a screw shaft 67 driven by a band 68,
which receives motion from a corresponding screw shaft on the opposite
side of the machine. From the above description it will be seen that the
bobbins are supported by the knife blade g and wire h, and that as
the stop 49 is assumed to be against the rod 50 the winding up of the
strap 28 will cause the said knife blade g and wire h to lift the bobbins,
the latter being carried by the frame 53, to which the former is also
connected. During this lifting of the bobbins the revolution of the
shaft 15 will will have carried the cam 66 past the lever 65, and that
lever being drawn forward by its spring will cause the pinion 64 to turn
upon its centre, and by acting upon the rack 63 to lower the rail 59, thus
dropping the pinions 60 and bringing their grooves 62 into gear with the
pins upon the spindles or leaving them at liberty to pass into gear when
the said pins arrive into positions coincident with the grooves. During
these operations the cam shaft 38 has been set at liberty by the means
above described, and being now driven by the strap 39 a tappet 69 on
the said shaft will arrive in contact with a part 70 projecting from a
lever 71 which turns upon a centre 72. The end of this lever is connected
by a link 73 to one part of a bell-crank lever, the other part 75 thereof
having a pin which projects into a slot of a lever 76 turning on a shaft 77
on which is a toothed wheel 78 gearing into a pinion 79 carried by the
said lever 76, and upon the same axis as that of the pinion 79 is another
pinion 80. When the aforesaid tappet 69 arrives in contact with the
part 70 it turns the bell-crank lever 74, 75, upon its centre 81, and the

page_text: pin upon the part 75 thereof acting in the slot turns the lever 76 upon
its centre 77 and brings the pinion 80 into gear with the pinion 81, the
former being driven from the shaft 78 and the latter being upon the axis
of the screw shaft 67*, the pinion 60 in gear with 67 will be caused to
revolve, carrying round the spindles in the reverse direction to that in
which they travel when spinning, and thus unscrewing themselves from
the flyers. Reviewing now again that which has been done the flyers
are held in the recesses k, the bobbins are being lifted by the knife
bar I and wire h, while at the same time the flyers are being unscrewed,
and the continued rising of the bar 25 and frame 52 will carry the flyers
and bobbins upward until the latter are clear of the tops of the spindles;
when this has been accomplished a stop 81 upon the lifting frame 25
|(see Fig. 12) arrives in contact with a lever 82, and by causing it to
turn upon its centre 83 removes it from the stud 84 which projects from
the lever 85*, and this being drawn by its spring 86* slides the pinion 6
so as to place it out of gear with the wheel 7, and thus remove the
driving power from the lifting apparatus. During these operations the
rising of the frame 52 will have distended the spring 55 and charged it
with power, but, as before mentioned, it is prevented from acting upon
the bar 54 by reason of the stop 56. As, however, the frame 52 continues
to rise it brings a part 85 in contact with the stop 56 and forces the said
bar 54 outward, but by this time a catch 86 will have arrived above a
projecting part 87, and the bar 54 will still be prevented from being
drawn upward by the spring 55. When, however, a pin 90 arrives in
contact with an incline 91 the bar 54 is thrown further outward and the
spring 55 will be free to act with its charged power, and the bar 54 will
be drawn upward, taking with it the centre of motion 53*, and turning
the levers 50, 53, on their centre of motion 51, and bring the said levers
into the positions shewn, thus withdrawing the wire from the bottoms
of the bobbins, which being no longer supported on one side will fall
over, as in Fig. 3, into a receptacle hercafter to be described. It will
now be necessary to return to the motions above described in order to
explain how the revolution of the screw shaft 67 is arrested when the
unwinding of the spindles has been effected, and for this purpose it will
be necessary to refer again to the disc 40 on the cam shaft 38. It has
been seen how the lever 42 has been turned upon its centre so as to
remove its catch from the stop and how that movement set the cam
shaft in motion so as by means of the tappet 69 to put the wheels
80, 81, into gear, and the disc 40 now revolving will bring a pin 92

page_text: to bear against the stop on the lever 42, the said pin 92 projecting
further than the pin 41 previously described, and thus the rotation of
the cam shaft will again be arrested, during which positions of those
parts a worm 93 upon the axis of the worm shaft 67 drives a wheel 94,
but when the unscrewing of the spindle has been effected a tappet 95 on
the said wheel 94 arrives in contact with a lever 96 situate at right angles
to the lever 42 and constituting a part thereof. By these means the
stop of the said lever 42 is again moved from the disc 40, and the pin 92
is liberated, thus allowing the cam shaft again to revolve and carry
round with it the tappet 69, which will then arrive in contact with the
lever 71, turn it upon its centre 72, and by shifting the parts 73, 74, 75,
&c. back put the wheel 80 out of gear with the pinion 81, and thus
the unscrewing motion will be arrested.
It will now be understood that the flyers are free from the spindles,
and have been lifted sufficiently high to leave a clear space for the
adaption of empty bobbins, which operation is performed as follows:-
At 97 is a longitudinal bar constituting a cradle for the empty bobbins,
and a portion of which is shewn detached in plan view at Fig. 13. It
is formed with hollow parts 98 for the reception of the shafts of the
bobbins, their flanges lying in front between projecting parts, in the
bar 97 are also formed circular recesses 99, the use of which will here-
after be explained. Upon this bar are a series of arms 100 connected
to a lever 101, turning upon a centre at 102 and carrying upon its axis
other levers 103 jointed to rods 104 connected to a shaft 105 by a
lever 106 and upon this shaft 105 is a lever 107 weighted at its end 107*.
In gear with the pinion 108 on the shaft of the drum 4 is a wheel 109
on the axis of which is a pinion 110 which passes occasionally into
gear with the wheel 111 mounted on a centre 112 carried by a lever 113,
which lever is capable of turning upon a centre 114 and is drawn forward
in one direction by a spring 115. On the opposite side of the
centre 114 is a lever 116, to which is jointed a double lever 117, 117*,
the former part having a roller which bears against the lever 76. When
this lever 76 is moved so as to put the wheels 80, 81, into gear as above
described, the heavier end 117* causes the lighter end 117 to move
upward against the straight part of the lever 76, but it is prevented
from moving too far by a stop 118. The unscrewing of the flyers
having been effected and they having been carried sufficiently upward
the lever 76 moves back as above described, and in so doing forces

page_text: forward the lever 117, thereby causing the lever 116 to turn upon its centre
114 against the force of the spring 115. This motion of the lever 113
will carry the wheel mounted thereon into gear with the pinion 110, and
it will then become driven, carrying round with it a roller 119 mounted
thereon. This roller by acting against the lever 107 turns it upon its
centre and draws down the rod 104 which motion turns the levers 103,
101, upon their centre and pushes forward the cradle 97 together with
the bobbins resting thereon. As these bobbins are slidden forward
their front flanges rest upon the roller beam and blade g by which they
are no longer supported when they arrive into a position to be tipped
on to the tops of the spindles, which tipping motion is effected by a
further advance of the cradle as their shafts fall through the circular
hollow parts 99 and the inside end of the said hollows pressing against
them as seen in Fig. 14 they are brought to a nearly vertical position
and slip on to the spindles, the usual concave part of their flanges
assisting this motion. By this time the part 120 of the lever 107 will
have arrived in contact with the lever 117* and by causing it to turn
upon its centre will have brought the lever 117 opposite the hollow
of the lever 76, as shewn in the Drawing, and the lever 113 is then at
liberty to be drawn forward by the spring 115 by which means the
wheel 111 is removed from gear with its driver 110 and being con-
sequently loose the weight 107* is at liberty to fall and restore the
cradle 97 and other parts to the positions shewn.
It has been described how the pinion 6 is taken out of gear with the
wheel 7, and it will be seen that some provision is necessary to prevent
the lifting apparatus from falling. Fig. 15 shews how this is effected.
At 14 is the wheel previously mentioned, and at 14* is a corresponding
wheel for the other side of the machine. In gear with this wheel is a
catch 121 mounted on a lever 122 and provided with a pin 123 bearing
against an incline on an arm 124, which is jointed to a lever 125 con-
nected to the lever 101* which corresponds for the other side of the
machine to that shewn at 101. During the lifting motion the parts are
in the positions shewn (Fig. 15), the teeth of the wheel 14* slipping
over the catch 121, but when the bobbins are put on the spindles the
5 lever 125 by forcing down the arm 124 causes its incline to act against
the pin 123 and remove the click 121 from the teeth of the wheel 14*.
The click is again adapted to the teeth by the revolution of a tappet 126
on the wheel 14* acting against the arm 124. This holding up of the

page_text: lifting apparatus is necessary while the bobbins are being adapted, but
after that it is allowed to fall by its own gravity and deposit the flyers
on the tops of the spindles, after which it is necessary to remove the
bar d and plate b. This is effected as follows:-Assuming that the
stop of the lever 42 is now in contact with the pin 127 on the. disc 40
in arriving at which situation a bowl 128 has arrived in contact with
an incline upon the lever 85*, by which means a pinion 129 mounted
on the same sliding boss as the pinion 6 has been brought into gear
with the wheel 7, which by driving the shaft 15 slightly in the contrary
direction to that above described slackens the strap 28 and allows the
weight 27* to turn the lifting frame outward, thus removing the bar b
from under the spindle. This turning of the shaft 15 has brought an
arm 130 in contact with a lever 131 which is connected to the lever 42
which by turning outward allows the cam shaft to revolve to be sub-
sequently stopped by the pin 132, but in so revolving a roller 133 on
the cam shaft 38 arrives in contact with an incline on the lever 134.
and shifts the two pinions 6, 129, so that they are both free from gear
with the pinion 7. Simultaneously with the motion just described a
roller 135 on the back of the disc 40 arrives in contact with the
lever 136 (Fig. 16) which acts upon the strap guide 137 of the fast
and loose pullies 2, 2*, so as to move the strap slightly on to the latter,
by which means the spindles are caused to turn in the spinning
direction and screw on the flyers, at the same time placing a few coils
of yarn upon the bobbin as represented at Fig. 5, but as the roller
135 quickly leaves the lever 136 it is immediately brought back by
the weight 138.
It now remains to be seen how the threads are broken from the bobbins,
which it has been explained have been lifted upon the spindles and
tipped therefrom. This is effected by apparatus which is particularly
shewn in the detached views Figs. 17 and 18, and also as adapted to
the machine in Figs. 6, 8. At 140, 140*, is a bag extending across
the width of the machine, the front part 140 thereof being supported
by a wire 141, which is strained by a staple carried by the lifting
frame 52. The inward part of the bag 140* is fixed to a roller 143
which turns in bearings carried by stationary parts of the framework.
The roller 143 is provided with two bosses 144 one at each end, through
which a cord 145 passes extending therefore along the length of the
şaid roller, and this cord after passing over guide pulleys 146 carries

page_text: weights as seen at 147 in Fig. 8, by which means therefore the said
cord is strained against the roller 143. On each side of the machine
there is attached to the cord 145 a short cord 148, their other ends being
made fast to the wire 141. According to the positions of the parts
in Figs. 17 and 18 the apparatus is as it would be before the bobbins
are doffed, but upon the lifting motion taking place by means of the
frame 54, the wire 141, carried thereby will travel with it and will carry
with it the side 140 of the bag until it assumes the position denoted
by the dotted line, and the cord 145 will also be drawn upward by the
short cords 148 into the position of the dotted line and against the
tension of the weights 147. The bobbins being now tipped over into
the bag carry the yarn with them which uncoils itself as seen by the
blue line corresponding to Fig. 5, the other end being fast to the
bobbin as also seen in Fig. 5, and it will be observed that the said
yarn now occupies a position between the cord 145 and the roller 143.
As the frame 52 descends it carries down the wire 141 and with it the
short cords 148, which as they approach the roller 143 allow the
weights 147 to draw the cord 145 and yarn 7 on to its surface, and press
them upon the periphery of the said roller 143, in which situation the
yarn is therefore grasped. The roller 143 is now turned by a winch
handle placed on its end (Fig. 7) and is wound up on its surface, but
as the upper part of the yarn is fast upon the newly adapted bobbin it
becomes broken and leaves the doffed bobbins to be removed from the
bag at pleasure. There is a pair of bevil wheels connected with the
roller 143 (Fig. 6) for the purpose of communicating motion to the
breaking-off apparatus at the other side of the machine.
In the foregoing description I have in order to avoid confusion spoken
of certain parts in the singular number when they are repeated on each
end or side of the machine, as for instance, in the cases of those parts
denoted by 67, 52, 15, 97, &c. but it will be readily understood by all
competent persons, when those parts should be in duplicate, and the
same remark applies to parts which require intermediate supports.
I would also remark that although I have described particular
mechanism and combinations for carrying out my said Invention, I do
3 not confine myself thereto as they may, as all competent mechanics will
know, be varied. Also, that if desired those motions which I have
described as automatic may be accomplished by hand, that which I
claim as secured to me under the above in part recited Letters Patent

page_text: being the combination of motions substantially as described whereby the
bobbins are doffed and replaced and the yarn broken off, leaving an end
on the empty bobbin for commencing the spinning.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Taylor, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of August, in the year 5
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one.
JAMES TAYLOR. (L.S.)