IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND IN THE INGOT MOULDS USED THEREIN be as follows
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
We, WILLIAM BEARDMORE, of Parkhead Forge and Steel Works, Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark, North Britain, Iron and Steel Manufacturer, and JAMES
MAC CALLUM CHERRIE of Parkhead Forge and Steel Works aforesaid, Iron and
Steel Works, Manager do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND IN THE INGOT MOULDS USED
THEREIN to be as follows:-
H
This Invention, which relates to improvements in the manufacture of steel has
for its object in the first place to produce ingots of a parallel form with a general
uniformity of surface, the said ingots being generally more or less oval or rect-
angular in section or of a section equivalent thereto, and which shape of section
may be varied according to the shape of section required in the finished rolled
products.
The Invention has for its object in the second place to dispense with the
mechanical operation of altering the form of ingots, prior to rolling them, namely
the operations commonly known as "hammering" and "cogging"; and in lieu
thereof the improved ingots are under the present Invention merely reheated after
leaving the improved ingot moulds and at once rolled off into sheets, plates, or bars,
of any required section such as angle bars, T-bars, bars of bulb sections, or others
commonly rolled in Iron or Steel rolling Mills.
To enable the improved ingots to be made of a parallel section or practically so
throughout their length and so as to facilitate the removal of the said ingots froin
the moulds in which they are cast, the said moulds are formed in two or more
pieces lengthwise, preferably having check joints at the places where the several
parts of the mould meet together, and the said parts are held together by bolts,
straps, gibs and cotters, or by equivalent mechanical holders during the time the
ingots are being cast and until the liquid metal has solidified in the moulds when
the holders are released and the ingot removed.
It is not necessary in all cases to use the improved ingot moulds herein before
described as by reheating an ordinary ingot and rolling it off at once into sheets,
plates or bars, the operations of "hammering" or "cogging" are dispensed with.
An important result of the aforesaid improvements is that the ingots may bo
rolled off at once with a less initial heat than is necessary when they are rolled
after being "hammered" or "cogged."

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
We, WILLIAM BEARDMORE, of Parkhead Forge nnd Steel Works, Glasgow, in
the County of Lanark, North Britain, Iron and Steel Manufacturer, and JAMES
MAC CALLUM CHERRIE, of Parkhead Forge and Steel Works aforesaid, Iron and
Steel Works Manager do hereby declare the nature of our said invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL AND IN THE INGOT MOULDS USED
THEREIN and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in the manufacture of Steel, has
for its object in the first place to produce ingots of a parallel form with a general
uniformity of surface, the said ingots being generally more or less oval or rect-
angular in section or of a section equivalent thereto, and which shape of section
may be varied according to the shape of section required in the finished rolled
products.
The Invention has for its object in the second place to dispense with the
mechanical operation of altering the form of ingots, prior to rolling them, namely
the operations commonly known as hammering" and "cogging" and in lieu
thereof the improved ingots are under the present Invention merely re-heated after
leaving the improved ingot moulds and at once rolled off into sheets, plates, or bars,
of any required section, such as angle bars, T-bars, bars of bulb sections, or others
commonly rolled in iron or steel rolling mills.
To enable the improved ingots to be made of a parallel section, or practically so,
throughout their length and so as to facilitate the removal of the said ingots from
the moulds in which they are cast, the said moulds are formed in two or more
pieces lengthwise, preferably having check joints at the places where the several
parts of the mould meet together, and the said parts are held together by bolts,
straps, gibs and cotters, or by equivalent mechanical holders during the time the
ingots are being cast and until the liquid has solidified in the moulds, when the
holders are released and the ingots removed.
An important result of the aforesaid improvements is that the ingots may be
rolled off at once with a less initial heat than is necessary when they are rolled
after being "hammered " or "cogged."
In order that our said Invention may be properly understood and readily carried
into effect we will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
:
Figure 1. is an elevation of the interior, and Figure 2, a plan of the underside
of one half of a mould for casting an ingot with parallel sides and of rectangular
section and constructed according to our present Invention.
Figure 3, is an elevation of the interior, and Figure 4, a plan of the underside of
the other half of the said mould.
Figure 5, is an elevation of the mould complete, shewing one of the sides at which
the two halves are joined together.
Figure 6, is a transverse section of the same taken on the line A, B. Figure 5.

page_text: Figures 7, 8, and 9, are transverse sections through moulds for the casting.
therein of ingots which are to be thereafter rolled into angle bars, T-bars and
bars of bulb section respectively, and all constructed according to our present
Invention.
The parts of the mould represented at Figures 1, and 3, are those wherein, when
bound together as at Figure 5, an ingot with approximately parallel sides and
rectangular section is cast according to our presont Invention.
The two parts a, and b, of the improved ingot mould are of exactly similar form,
each being provided with the check piece c, and recess d, which upon being placed
together constitute check joints as shewn more particularly at Figure 6.-The two
parts of the mould may be bound together by bolts or straps, but we prefer to join
them together by means of bolts e, and cotters f. which engage with the "lugs "g,
formed on such parts of the mould, and which on being tightened firmly, hold the
two parts of the mould together. The bases or lower ends of the parts of the
mould are preferably formed of increased dimensions so as to afford a moro steady
foundation when the said mould (as at Figure 5,) is stood upon its end when being
charged with liquid metal. The said liquid metal is charged into the upper end,
at which part the inner surfaces of the mould are preferably curved as shown at
Figure 5, so as to present a comparatively largo opening into which the said metal
is poured.
The mould is provided with the eyes h, for its attachment to lifting tackle.
The moulds represented at Figures 7, 8, and 9, are those wherein ingots, to be
afterwards rolled into angle bars, T-bars and bars of bulb section are cast. The
two parts respectively marked a, and b, of these moulds are bound together in the
manner herein before described with reference to Figures 1, to 6, (inclusive).
After the liquid metal has been poured into one of our improved moulds and
allowed to solidify, the cotters f, aro released and the two portions of the mould
can be readily taken apart, and the partly-cooled ingot removed. The ingot being
approximately parallel throughout its length it may, when necessary, be additionally
heated and taken direct to the rolling mills, there to be rolled into sheets, plates
or bars of any required section without being treated under the "hammer" or in
cogging" mills.
41
It is to be understood although we havo hereinbefore described and shown upon
the annexed drawings, moulds each of two parts and for casting ingots of cortain
sections, that we may, without departing from the essential features of our
Invention, employ moulds of three or more such parts, all bound together as
hereinbefore sot forth, and for casting ingots of the same or of various other
sections.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
First. In the manufacture of steel, the casting of ingots of approximately
parallel section throughout, for enabling the same to be rolled into sheets,
plates or bars of any required section without, necessitating the operation of
hammering" or "cogging" all substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
Second. The moulds for the production of such ingots substantially as herein-
before described with reference to the annexed Drawings.
J. H. JOHNSON, DAY & JOHNSON,
Applicants' Agents.