IMPROVEMENTS IN REDUCING FLINT AND OTHER SUBSTANCES, RENDERING THEM SUITABLEUFACTURE OFCELAIN OTHER EARTHENWARE ARTICLES
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Mayer, of Bristol, Potter, and William Bush,
of the same City, Millwright, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
REDUCING FLINT AND OTHER SUBSTANCES, RENDERING THEM SUITABLE FOR THE
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Samuel Mayer and William
Bush at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition
and Declaration, on the 27th January 1855, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SAMUEL
MAYER, of Bristol, Potter, and WILLIAM BUSH, of the same City, Millwright,
send greeting.
WHEREAS we are in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN REDUCING FLINT AND OTHER SUBSTANCES, RENDERING THEM SUITABLE FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF PORCELAIN AND OTHER EARTHENWARE ARTICLES," and have
petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto us, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn
declaration that we verily believe ourselves to be the first and true Inventors
thereof:

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Samuel Mayer and William Bush,
do hereby declare that the following Complete Specification, under our hands
and seals, fully describes and ascertains the nature of our said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, reference being had
to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, and forming part of this our
Specification, that is to say:-
The object of our Invention is the production of that "material known to
potters and porcelain manufacturers by the, termi or name of slop" or slip,
which material is most useful in the manufacture of porcelain or other
earthenware articles. This "slop" has been made or obtained from flints
and other substances by the use of machinery of imperfect construction, pro-
ducing in a given time. a very small quantity of "slop"when compared with
the quantity produced by our improved 'machinery in the same space of time;
nor by the means at present in use can the material or produce "slop" be
produced to such even fineness-as-by-our--Invention, which we now proceed
to describe.
2.
We fix in any convenient manner a pair of fluted or corrugated rollers, and
under them a pair of plain rollers; under the plain rollers a hopper, to receive
the product reduced by the action of the two pair of rollers aforesaid.; this
product is then passed on to a pair of grindstones to be ground finer, and
thence meeting with a current of water to another pair of grindstones, in
order that it may be by these means mixed with water, finally reduced, and
passed into a receiver. By reference to the annexed Drawing it will be seen
that the flint stones or other substances are shot on to and between the
peripheries of the fluted or corrugated rollers a, a, which by any motive
power are made to turn or rotate (the whole of the machinery above-men-
tioned, 'rollers, and grindstones, turning or moving at the same time); here at
a, a, the rough'stones or other substances are coarsely crushed, so that they may
when passed on to the pair of rollers b; b; be easily crushed or reduced to a finer
state. by the plain surfaces.of these rollers, which are placed closer together than
the, fluted or corrugated ones a,.a. The material, passing the the rollers a, a,
and the plain rollers b, b, is received into a hopper, and by means of a shoot
thence into a chamber f, f, where a pair of millstones d, d', grinds or reduces
it to a finer state; these grindstones are of the usual kind, the lower d being
fixed and the upper d' rotating. We would here observe that the upper grind-
stone is made to rotate in the chamber f, f, by means of an upright shaft g,
having at its lower extremity a nitre wheel h, working into another wheel
communicating with the power which sets the machinery in motion. The
material being now well reduced or pulverized, escapes by an outlet from

page_text: the chamber f, f, into the pipe i, which conducts it to two other mill-
stones o, o, similar to those before mentioned, d, d¹. On the left of the
Drawing will be seen a tank or cistern of water k, from whence proceeds
a pipe 1, having a regulating cock m therein to regulate the supply of
water. The material now passing out of the pipe i on to the stones o, o,
meets the water, which is also passing on to these stones, and the two are
thereby mixed, and, as it were, ground together, and pass therefrom into
a tub or receiver of any kind; or, instead of passing the dry material reduced
by the action of the rollers a, a, b, b, and grindstones d, d', into water, we
leave it in a dry state.
Having now described the nature of our Invention and the means by which
we carry it into effect, we would observe that we have not thought it necessary
to give any plans or directions as to the mode of fixing the various rollers and
other parts of our apparatus, as all persons acquainted with mill machinery
must be fully competent to fix them in position, and lead the gearing or means
for driving the machinery in a sufficient manner. And further, we say we lay
no claim to the exclusive use of any of the parts or portions of machinery or
otherwise (taken as parts or portions) we have herein described or shewn in
the Drawing when used seperately and not in combination, or for the purposes
of our Invention; nor do we confine ourselves to the proportions of parts to
each other, as such may be varied without departing from the principle of our
Invention, which we declare to be, and we claim, the combination of parts
herein-before described and illustrated in the Drawing, forming when so
combined apparatus or machinery for reducing flint and other substances, to
render them suitable for the manufacture of porcelain and other earthenware
articles.
In witness whereof, we, the said Samuel Mayer and William Bush, have
hereunto affixed our hands and seals, this Twenty-sixth day of January,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Witness,
SPENCER BOULTON,
Cornwallis House, Bristol.
MAYER. (L.S.)
WILLIAM BUSH. (L.S.)