Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 2nd Mar., 1889
I HENRY THOMAS FENLON of 8 Tudor Street in the City of London Gas Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to bo as follows :-
The object of my invention is to provide an extremely simple apparatus for
warming rooms and buildings that shall be very cheap in construction and very speedy
and effective in operation.
To carry out this object I make a large tube or a long cylindrical or other
receptacle with closed ends which tube or receptacle I mount on proper supports say
standards erected on a base or otherwise horizontally or thereabouts and I place this
apparatus in the room or building to be warmed. In any other position I mount or
support another and very small closed receptacle on a lower level than the large tube
or receptacle aforesaid which small receptacle in many cases can conveniently be
situated immediately and directly below the middle of the said large tube or long
receptacle and the two receptacles are connected together by two or more pipes which
either may only just enter into the two receptacles terminating therein at the same
levels or one or more of these pipes may be prolonged the desired distances into each
of the receptacles thus terminating therein at different levels. The small receptaclo
is preferably enclosed in a suitable casing connected to the large tube or receptacle
the bottom or lower part of which casing is fitted and formed to receive and to utilize
the desired source of heat which may be either gas or oil or other usual substance and
one or more passages, or flues may be made transversely through the large tube or
receptacle terminating in whatever position may be desired wherethrough the products
of combustion may escape from this casing.
One or more apertures which can be closed by plugs or valves or other appliances
are made in the large tube or long receptacle wherethrough the same as also the
small receptacle and the connecting pipes may be filled with water or other suitable
liquid and then the heat is applied to the small receptacle wherein the liquid rapidly

page_text: gets heated rising through one or more of the pipes into the large tube or receptacle
and thus the desired circulation of the liquid is quickly produced and the warming of
the room or building effected by radiation from the large tube or receptacle.
In the same manner more than one large tube or receptacle may be fitted to and
with the small receptacle all the receptacles being connected together by pipes.
1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Apparatus for Warming Rooms and Buildings.
I HENRY THOMAS FENLON of 8 Tudor Street in the City of London Gas Engineer
.do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the samo is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide an extremely simple apparatus for warming
rooms and buildings that shall be very cheap in construction very speedy and effective
in operation and very economical in consumption of fuel or source of heat.
In the accompanying drawing I have shewn a longitudinal vertical section of an
extremely convenient and suitable form and style of this my apparatus.
I make of sheet metal preferably a large tube or long cylindrical receptacle A with
closed ends and I mount the same horizontally or thereabouts on suitable supports or
standards B which may be erected on a base or otherwise and I place this apparatus
in the room or building to be warmed. According to the form and style shown in
the drawing I also mount or support in any convenient manner immediately directly
and closely below this receptacle A and preferably at or about the middle of the same
another and very small closed receptacle C also preferably made of sheet metal which
can very conveniently be circular in plan view and the two receptacles A and C are
connected together by preferably two pipes D which either may only just enter into
these two receptacles terminating therein at the same levels or as is perhaps preferable
and as is shewn in the drawing where there are only two pipes one of the same may
be prolonged into one of the receptacles more than the other and vice versa thus
causing them to terminate at different levels and these pipes D can conveniently be
so fitted as to be the required supports for the small receptacle C. This receptacle ()
is preferably enclosed in a suitable cylindrical or other casing E the upper edge.
whereof is attached to the receptacle A while the lower part thereof is fitted and
formed in any usual or convenient manner to receive and utilize the desired source of
heat which may be either gas or oil or any other usual or suitable substance and when

page_text: gas is used as is shewn in the drawing it can be conveyed by the pipe F through the
open lower end of the casing E the burner thereof being at the desired distance
immediately and directly below the receptacle C and one or more passages or flues G
may be made through the receptacle A the entrance mouth or mouths whereof
preferably is or are immediately and directly above the receptacle C while the flue
or flues passes or pass out of the receptacle A either through the end or ends thereof
as shewn at G or through the opposite side thereof as shewn at G or otherwise
terminating in whatever position may be desired wherethrough the products of
combustion may escape from the casing E being utilized during their passage
through the same or the one or more passages or flues may be made transversely
round and outside of the receptacle A for the same purpose or the same may be
entirely dispensed with in which case the casing E may also be dispensed with if
desired. One or more apertures H which can be closed by plugs or valves or other
appliances are made in the receptacle A and an expansion-chamber K is also preferably
fitted thereto so that the receptacle A can be entirely filled with liquid.
To use this apparatus for warming the room or building in which it is placed the
large receptacle A and thence also the small receptacle C through the pipes D are
properly filled with water or other suitable liquid through the one or more apertures H
which are then closed and the gas is lighted or otherwise heat is applied to the
receptacle C wherein in consequence of its very small size or bulk the liquid very
rapidly gets heated and then rises through one or more of the pipes D into the
receptacle A and thus the desired circulation of the liquid is speedily produced and
to increase this speed these pipes as is aforesaid are preferably arranged as shewn in
the drawing wherein the pipe D both ends of which terminate at the higher levels
will obviously be the flow pipe while the pipe D' both ends of which terminate at the
lower levels will as obviously be the return pipe and thus the circulation will extremely
speedily be produced rapidly heating all the liquid and warming the room or building
by radiation from the receptacle A.
It may sometimes be advisable that the gas flame or other source of heat shall not
be in the room or building to be wasmed in which case the small receptacle C to
which the heat is applied may be mounted or supported in such position and in sucb
place as may be decided upon as suitable for the production of the heat while the
large receptacle A is as is aforesaid in the room or building to be warmed but in all
cases the receptacle C must be at and on a lower level than the receptacle A so that
when as hereinbefore described the two receptacles A and C are connected together
by the pipes D the liquid that is heated in the receptacle C may rise into the
receptacle A producing the desired circulation and in this case the flue or flues if any
wherethrough the products of combustion escape may pass as aforesaid through or
round the receptacle A or otherwise as may be desirable.
As a general rule I preferably as is hereinbefore described arrange and use one
large receptacle in combination with one small receptacle but whenever from any
cause it may be expedient so to do it is obvious that I can combine with one very
large receptacle two or more small receptacles applying the heat separately or other-
wise to each of these small receptacles in a similar manner or I can combine two or
more rather large receptacles with one small receptacle all the receptacles being
connected together by pipes in manner as hereinbefore described or otherwise in any
convenient manner.
I also consider that the two pipes hereinbefore described and shewn in the drawing
are as a general rule sufficient to allow of the desired speedy circulation of the liquid
between the two receptacles but when it may be desirable so to do I can also fit and
arrange in a similar manner any larger number of pipes.
As is hereinbefore described I preferably make the large receptacle of a cylindrical
shape and the small receptacle of a flat circular shape but I do not limit myself
thereto for both receptacles may be made of such shapes as may be desirable or
convenient in each particular case.
It may sometimes be expedient to fit this apparatus in such wise that the hot water
or liquid may be drawn off for other purposes to carry out which object I can fit tu

page_text: the large receptacle A a pipe L provided with a tap or cock and more especially when
the heat is applied to the small receptacle C closely below the receptacle A I should
prolong this pipe L upwards as is shewn in the drawing some distance into the
receptacle A so that this receptacle cannot be entirely emptied therethrough and thus
any danger of burning the same will be avoided.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. In an apparatus for warming rooms and buildings the combination of a large
receptacle with a very small receptacle on a lower level which receptacles are connected
together by pipes and are filled with liquid and heat is applied to the small receptacle
and is utilized in and by and through the large receptacle substantially as and for the
purpose hereinbefore described and declared.
2. In apparatus for warming rooms and buildings the combination of one or more
large receptacles with one or more small receptacles on lower levels which receptacles
are connected together by pipes and are filled with liquid and heat is applied to the
one or more small receptacles and is utilized in and by and through the one or more
large receptacles substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and
declared.
3. The apparatus for warming rooms and buildings substantially as hereinbefore
described and shewn in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 21st done of Tan1000