ENTIRE NEW IMPROVE- MENT UPON THE MUSICAL INSTRUMENT CALLED THE GUITTAR, BY WHICH THE SAME WILL BECOME A PERFECT INSTRUMENT OF ITS KIND, WHICH HATH NEVER BEFORE BEEN DISCOVERED, AND BY WHICH THE SAME CAN BE MORE EASILY REPAIRED AND KEPT IN TUNE
Year: 1785

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, JOHN
GOLDSWORTH, of Maiden Lane, Cheapside, in the City of London, Musical
Instrument Maker, sends greeting.
WHEREAS the King's most Excellent Majesty, by His Letters Patent
under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the Twenty-third day of
July, in the twenty-fifth year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the
Third, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King,
Defender of the Faith, and so forth, and in the year of our Lord One thousand
seven hundred and eighty-five, gave and granted unto the said John Goldsworth,
his executors, administrators, and assigns, his especial licence, full power, sole
priviledge, and authority, that he, the said John Goldsworth, bis executors,
administrators, and assigns, by himself or themselves, or by his or their deputy
or deputies, servants or agents, or such other person or persons as he, the said
John Goldsworth, should at any time agree with, and no other, from time to.
time, and at all times thereafter, during the term of years herein-after expressed,
should, and lawfully might use, exercise, and vend his "ENTIRE NEW IMPROVE-
MENT UPON THE MUSICAL INSTRUMENT CALLED THE GUITTAR, BY WHICH THE SAME WILL
BECOME A PERFECT INSTRUMENT OF ITS KIND, WHICH HATH NEVER BEFORE BEEN
DISCOVERED, AND BY WHICH THE SAME CAN BE MORE EASILY REPAIRED AND KEPT IN
TUNE," within that part of Great Britain called England, the Dominion of
Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to him, the said
John Goldsworth, his executors, administrators, and assigns, or any of them

page_text: should in their discretion seem meet, and that he, the said John Goldsworth,
his executors, administrators, and assigns, should, and lawfully might have and
enjoy the whole profit, benefit, commodity, and advantage, from time to time,
and at all times hereafter, accruing or arising by reason of the said new Inven-
tion, for and during the term of years therein and herein-after mentioned,
to have and to hold, exercise and enjoy the said licence, powers, priviledges,
and advantages herein-before mentioned, to be granted unto the said John
Goldsworth, his executors, administrators, and assigns, of the sole use, exercise,
and vending of his said intire new improvement upon the musical instrument
called the guittar, by which the same will become a perfect instrument of its
kind, which hath never before been discovered, and by which the same can be
more easily repaired and kept in tune, for and during and unto the full end
and term of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters Patent, next and
immediately ensuing, and fully to be compleat and ended according to the
Statute in that case made and provided. His Majesty in such Letters Patent
strictly commanding all and every person or persons, bodies politick and cor-
porate, and all other His Majesty's subjects whatsoever, of what estate, quality,
degree, name, or condition soever, they being within that part of His Majesty's
said Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, that neither they, or either of them, at any
time during the continuance of the said term of fourteen years thereby granted,
either directly or indirectly, do make, use, or put in practise the said Invention,
or any part of the same, so attained unto the said John Goldsworth, his exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, as aforesaid, nor in any wise counterfeit,
imitate, or resemble the same, nor make or cause to be made any addition
thereto, or substraction from the same, whereby to pretend himself or them-
selves the inventor or inventors, devisor or devisors thereof, without the licence,
consent, or agreement of the said John Goldsworth, his executors,' admi-
nistrators, or assigns; in writing, under his or their hands and seals, first had
and obtained in that behalf, upon such pains or penalties, as can or may be
justly inflicted on such offender or offenders for their contempt of His Majesty's
said Royal command. And further, to be answerable to the said John
Goldsworth, his executors, administrators, or assigns, according to law, for his
or their damages occasioned thereby; in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso, that if the said John Goldsworth, his executors, administrators, or
assigns, or any other person or persons, which shall or may at any time there-
after during the continuance of the said grant, have or claim any right, title,
or interest at law or in equity, of, in, and to the powers, priviledge, or authority
of the sole use and benefit of the said Invention, should make any transfer or

page_text: assignment, or any pretended transfer or assignment of the said liberty or
priviledge, or any share or shares of the benefit or profit thereof, to or for any
number of persons exceeding the number of five; and also that if the said John
Goldsworth should not particularly describe or ascertain the nature of his said
Invention of an intire new improvement upon the musical instrument called the
guittar, by which the same will become a perfect instrument of its kind, and
which hath never before been discovered, and by which the same can be more
easily repaired and kept in tune, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, by an instrument in writing under his hand and seal, and cause the
same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one
calendar month next and immediately after the date of the said Royal Letters
Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages
whatsoever thereby granted should utterly cease, determine, and become void,
anything therein contained to the contrary thereof, in any wise, notwithstanding.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Goldsworth, in pursuance of and
in compliance with the said proviso in the said recited Royal Letters Patent
contained, do by this present instrument hereby declare, that the nature of
my said Invention of an intire new improvement upon the musical instrument
called the guittar, by which the same will become a perfect instrument of its
kind, and which hath never before been discovered, and by which the same can
be more easily. repaired and kept in tune, and the manner in which the same
is to be performed, is described and ascertained in and by the Plan, Drawings,
and Sections hereunto annext, and which are explained in and by the words,
letters, and figures, and references following, (that is to say):-
Figure, 1st is a side view of the guittar at a half size scale.
Figure 2 is a view of the machine from the belly side of the guittar. A is a
bar, fixed across the guittar at a convenient distance from the belly, to support.
the carriage pieces; B, the carriage pieces, having a grove to receivethe
lower edge of the box or frame which contains the machine; C, C, C, C, C,
the sliding box or frame that contains the whole machinery, which is drawn
out of the side of the guittar near the tail pins for the purpose of fixing and
easier repairing the same. D, a rail, having groves that receive the hammer
tails. E, E, E, E, E, E, the hammer tails, which are thrown up by the leavers
F, F, F, F, F, F, at one-twelfth part from the center to the point; G, the pin
drove through the hammer tail, on which it hangs, received by groves in the
rail D, which are lined with leather to prevent a rattling, which are covered by
the pieces H, H, H, I, H, H, H, being lined with leather, and screwed on the
rail D over the pin G to prevent their rising out of the groves; I, the, arm of
the hammer, which is framed into the hammer tail E, and leads to the hammer

page_text: shank; K, the hammer.shank leading to the hammer head L; F, F, F, F, F, F;
the leavers, having a pin drove through the middle, and being let into groves
in the carriage M, in the same manner as the hammer tails E, the ends being
depressed by the stickers N, which lead through holes in the belly of the
guittar to the keys on the upper side of the belly; N, the stickers, is a wooden
pin having a wire pin drove in one, and acts upon the end of the leaver
through a hole, with a piece of cloth between, the other end of which goes in
a hole bored on the under side of keys. O, the hautboy stop, which may be
played on or not, at pleasure, by moving a knob fixed on the front of the sliding
box or frame C, C, C, C, C; p a leaver, having a pin drove through the middle
at one-third of its length from the leaver, that rises, the hammer tail with a
pin (p) in the other end, about one inch and a half long that continually
stands up against the strings, being covered with buff leather or cloth to stop
the vibration till the key is depressed by the finger, causes it to fall back;
which suffers the string to vibrate, with a piece of buff leather between the
the ends of the two leavers, which fixes them together, which suffers them to
act freely. Q, the carriage of the leavers p, in which carriage they act in the
same manner as the leavers F; R, a roller, having two cranks and a tumbler
fixed to it, which communicates to the carriage Q; S, a sliding wedge, having
an iron slider with a knob fixed on it on the outside of the sliding box or frame
C, C, C, C, C, which being moved in and out, communicates with the tumbler
of the roller, and causes the pin (p) to move up and down, in order to take off
or put on the hautboy stop at pleasure, and also, in order to take out, the action
serves to draw the pins (p) down within the instrument. T, a spiral spring
fixed to the crank, in order to bring back the action; V, a small bolt having a
groove with two screws through it to slide on, and also a small spring serving
to keep the stops on, which is effected by an iron stud in the side of the
bolt (V) and over the iron slider.
Figure 3 is a view of the machine from the back side of the guittar; A, a
rail framed into the front of the sliding box or frame C, C, C, C, C, with two
small pillars B, B, that supports the carriage of the leavers F; C, C, C, C, C,
the sliding box or frame; D a small brace fixed to the side of the frame
(c, c, c, c, c,) leading from the pillar B in order to steady the carriage of the
leavers (F); e, a spiral spring made of N. (4) steel wire, and being fixed to
the arm of the hammers; I, the other end fixed into a block (d) glued on the
backside of the rail (D) to return the hammers, so as to prevent a double
blow; E, a small rail, fixed to the front of the sliding box or frame (C, C, C, C, C,)
having a groove for two screws to slide in, that carries the sliding wedges S;
E a small brass plate fixed to the inside of the front of the sliding box or

page_text: frame C, C, C, C, C, that receives the notches of the iron slider that is fixed
to the upper side of the sliding wedge S.
Figure 4 is a side view of the machine; C, C, C, C, C, the sliding box or
frame; E, the hammer tail; F, the leaver of the hammers; G, the center pin
of the hammer tail; I, the arm of the hammer; K, the shank of the hammer;
L, the head of the hammer; P, the leaver of the hautboy stop; (p), the pin
that is fixed to the leaver; Q, the carriage; R, the roller; (r, r, r,) the
cranks and tumbler; 8, the sliding wedge; T, a spiral spring; V, a bolt; (b);
a spring fixed to the bolt; (f), a small brass plate fixed to the inside of the
front..
Figure 5 is a box that contains the machinery of the Cremona stop... A is
a movement for the purpose of drawing a silk line or hair over the strings;
B,.a fly to regulate the motion; C, a pinion fixed to the underside of the fly;
D, a wheel which acts in the pinion (c), fixed on the upper end of the pinion
(N) above the frame plate G; E, a wooden pully that carries the catgut to
the pully (a) in order to set it running, and is fixed to the upper end of the
pinion M above the frame plate G; F, a roached wheel and click, to set up
the spring; G, the upper frame plate; H,. a. barrel and spring; I, a fuzee
and wheel; K, a roached between the fuzee. and wheel; L, a click that stops
the roached wheel (K) whilst it is wound up; (I) is a spring fixed to the
backside of the roached wheel K to press against one of the arms of the fuzee
wheel to keep the movement in motion whilst it is winding up; M, a wheel
and pinion; N, a pinion acting in the wheel (M), and going through the
frame G and carrying the wheel (D); O, a pully on the under side of the box
fixed on the fuzee.arbour, and serves to wind up the movement; p, a piece
of catgut to go. over the pulley (O) and down a hollow pillar fixed to the
bottom of the box to stand upon the ground, in which is a pedal that slides
up and down the grove; Q, a piece of iron fitted in the groove and fastened
to the catgut, in which is rivetted the pedal; R, the pedal, being depressed
by the foot, winds up. the movement (A);. S, the upper side of the keys';
T, a slider that is fastened to the wedge (N), in Figure 6,) in order to move the
roller (M).
:
Figure 6 is a back side view of the box that contains the action of the.
Cremona stop. A, the under side of the keys, having a round hole in the end
for the insertion of the sticker; B, the sticker, being a small round pin
fastened to the leaver (C) by means of a piece of buff leather between; C, the
leaver, having a pin drove through the middle at half of its length for its
center, and being depressed by the keys A, raises the leaver (F), till (G, a
roller, presses a silk or hair line H down upon the string that runs round the

page_text: small pulleys (a); D, small studs fixed to the carriage of the leavers (c) to
receive the centers; E, the carriage, supported by a small block on the under
side of the upper part of the box; F, a leaver, having a pin drove through
the middle for its center, having a tumbler. (f) on its upper side, in order to
raise the dampers from the strings; G, a small roller. fixed in a frame in
small pivets, and fastened to the under side of the leaver (F); H, a damper,
the head being covered with scarlet cloth or buff leather, being raised by the
tumbler (f), and suffers the string to vibrate, and having a spring (I), that
returns. it on the strings to stop. vibrations; I, the spring; K, a block
that receives the center of the leaver (F), and also the center of the damper
H; L. a small piece screwed on the block (K) to keep down the centers of
the leaver (F) and the damper H; M, an iron roller, with six fangs, that
goes under the ends of the dampers II, and being bent square at one end
admits of a wedge to slide under it to raise the dampers from the strings in
order to play the other stops; N, the wedge that rises the iron roller for
lifting the dampers; O; a leaver that receives the pulley (a) with a spring
acting on the other end in order to keep the silk or hair line tight.
Figure 7 is a section of Figure 6. D, small studs fixed. to the carriage of
the leavers; E, the carriage; F, a leaver; (f), a. tumbler; G, the rollers;
Ha damper; I, the. spring;: K, a block that receives, the centers of the
leavers F..and the dampers. H; L, small pieces; M, an iron roller.; N,
the wedge that raises the rollers, and O the leaver that receives the pulley
(a).
:
Figure 8 is a section of the Cremona stop in manner it should be placed
on the guittar. F, the leaver; (f), the tunibler; G, the roller; H, the
damper; I, the spring; M, an iron roller; S, a hollow pillar that. receives
the piece of iron..
Figure 9 a plan of the spring barrels to the tuning machine. A, the
spring barrels, which is half an inch deep, being made with a fillet in
the lower end of the outside of the barrel cut with teeth that receives a worm
to wind up the spring.
Figure 10 is the upper side of the box of the tuning machine. B is the
arbour of the spring and fuzee; C, the fuzee, which must be so adjusted to
the power of the spring as to. overcome all the frictions, in order to keep the
string always at the same tention as when it is drawn up to concert pitch;
D, the string which is fastened to a small pin on the outer edge of the fuzee.
N.B. The frame plates of this machine are inclosed by a brass edge, and is
fixed on to the neck of the instrument in manner described in this plan, and
this tuning machine may be applied to other stringed musical instruments.

page_text: Figure 11 is a finger board fretted agreeable to the diatonic scale, so that
the concords fall just in the different keys.
Figure 12 is a view of the carriage of the hautboy stop, as expressed in
Figure 2.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Goldsworth, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of August, in the twenty-fifth year
of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Second, by the grace
of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King, Defender of the
Faith, and so forth, and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven
hundred eighty-five.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twentieth day of August, in
the year above mentioned, the said John Goldsworth came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said and all and every thing therein contained and specified in form above
> mentioned, and also the Specification aforesaid, was stampt according to the
tenor of the Statute made in the sixth year of the reign of their Majesties
King William and Queen Mary of England, and so forth.
Inrolled the Twentieth day of August in the year above written.