AN IMPROVED MOULDING PLANE
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Carl Pieper, of Dresden, Saxony, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED MOULDING PLANE." A communication from Wilhelm
Grössler, of Ruisseina, near Nossen, Saxony.
Sealed the 5th April 1878, and dated the 9th October 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Carl Pieper at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th October 1877.
"
CARL PIEPER, of Dresden, Saxony. AN IMPROVED MOULDING PLANE."
communication from Wilhelm Grössler, of Ruisseina, near Nossen, Saxony.
A
The object of this Invention is to arrange the irons of moulding or cornice
planes, and also the cutters of wood-planing machines, in such a manner that they
may be sharpened on common grind or wet stones without filing or otherwise
trimming the moulded surface at the cutting edge. For this purpose I mould the
back of the iron or cutter throughout the whole or for a part of its length, so that
when its end is ground as to present a flat bevelled surface, the cutting edge thereby
produced will correspond to the desired moulding, and I fix the same by a screw or
otherwise respectively to the body of the plane or the tool holder of the planing
machine in such a position that its bevelled surface is in front, i.e., contrary to the
common arrangement, which requires the bevel to be at the back of the iron.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Carl Pieper in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 5th April
1878.
CARL PIEPER, of Dresden, Saxony. "AN IMPROVED MOULDING PLANE." A
communication from Wilhelm Grössler, of Ruisseina, near Nossen, Saxonia.
The object of this Invention is to arrange the irons of moulding or cornice planes,
and also the cutters of wood-planing machines, in such a manner that they may be
sharpened on common grind or wet stones without filing or otherwise trimming the
moulded surface at the cutting edge. For this purpose the back of the iron or
cutter is moulded throughout the whole or for a part of its length, so that when
its end is ground as to present a flat bevelled surface, the cutting edge thereby
produced will correspond to the desired moulding, and it is fixed by a screw or other-
wise to the body of the plane, or, as the case may be, to the tool holder of the
planing machine in such a position that its bevelled surface is in front, i.e., contrary
to the common arrangement which requires the bevel to be at the back of the
iron.
This improved moulding plane is represented on the annexed Sheet of Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a side view.
Fig. 2, a view from the right-hand end.
Fig. 3, a part of longitudinal section; and Fig. 4, a section on the line Y, Z.
The Figures 5 and 6 show modified arrangements.
And Fig. 7 represents cutters of the improved system applied to the rotating too!
holder of a wood-planing machine.
a is the plane iron, which may be curved, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or straight, as
represented by Figs. 5 and 6. The same is moulded throughout the length of its
back, but, if preferred, the moulding may extend along a part of the back only. The
body or stock of the plane is, by preference, made of metal, although wood or other
suitable material may be used; and the iron is fastened to the part 6 of the same
by a screw bolt d, Figs. 1, 3, & 4, provided with a large nut with milled edge, and
passing through a slit in b or in any other convenient manner. The part 6 must
correspond on the outside with the moulded side of the iron, and a strip of
cloth suitable material c should be placed under the latter for the purpose of
increasing the friction and preventing the iron from shifting. This strip of cloth
may be glued to the part b. The iron must be moulded on its back in such a shape
that after having been ground at the end to the proper bevel and fixed in position
its cutting edge will correspond to the moulded face of the plane.
The curved shape affords facilities in making the irons, as they may be turned on
a lathe in a large ring, which is subsequently cut into pieces, but, if preferred, the
iron may be straight, as shown in Fig. 5.
In this modification the screw d is fixed in the body of the plane, and the iron
has a slit in ft to make it capable of being adjusted.
In the second modification, represented by Fig. 6, a straight iron is fixed with
its flat upper surface to the under side of a ledge b projecting from the side wall
of the plane, whereby the necessity of moulding the bed of the iron is avoided.
The bevelled end surface v, w, Figs. 3, 5, & 6, which is, by preference, to be flat,
so that it may be ground on any common grindstone, is turned upward and towards
the front or leading end of the plane, while hitherto it has been turned the other
way. This bevelled surface should be inclined to the face of the plane at the same
angle at which the body of the common irons is inclined, while the angle of
inclination of the moulded back at the cutting edge has, in general, to agree with
that of the bevel of common irons.
The handles and g of the plane, represented in Fig. 1, may be modified in
various manners, and taking into account the numbre of different moulding planes
which may be required in a joiner's shop, it is advantageous to make the bottom

page_text: part c with the part 6 of the planes in one piece, and to have a separate piece with
the two handles, which fits to all the main pieces in such a manner that it may
easily be fixed to any one of them.
For the purpose of enabling the joiner to plane a numbre of mouldings to exactly
the same depth, an adjustable stop k, Figs. 2 & 5, may be screwed laterally to the
stock of the plane, whereby a gauge for the desired depth is formed.
The described plane irons may be applied to moulding planes of all descriptions,
to grooving, tonguing, rabbet, and other similar planes, and to ordinary planes with
flat face.
They may also be used for machine planing, as shown at Fig. 7, which is the
section of the rotating tool holder of a wood-planing machine fitted with the
improved cutters a, a. These are moulded on the back or outside in the same
manner as stated above. For fixing them to the holder b a washer h, moulded to
correspond to the cutter, has to be placed under the nut of the fastening screw.
By Fig. 8 an iron for a bench plane is represented, which is moulded on both
sides.
Having thus described the object and nature of this Invention, and the manner
in which it may be performed or put in practice, I hereby claim as the essential
feature of the same:-
1. In combination with the stock of a bench plane a plane iron having its back
moulded to correspond with the moulding to be produced, while its bevelled or
chamfered end surface is on the leading or front side of the iron, as and for the
purpose specified.
2. In combination with the revolving tool holder of a planing machine a cutter
having its back moulded to correspond with the moulding to be produced, while its
bevelled or chamfered end surface is on the side towards the centre of rotation, as
and for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Carl Pieper, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Eighteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-eight.
מחמזת
CARL PIEPER.
(1.6.)