AN IMPROVED
Year: 1877

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Auguste Livache at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th November 1877.
AUGUSTE LIVACHE, of Genéve, Switzerland, Watchmaker.
WATCH."
"AN IMPROVED
This Invention relates to an improved watch, without an inner case, the
mechanism of which is simplified, the barrel spring being very long, fine, and
flexible, to command or control direct the axis arbor or long rod without the two
intermediate wheels.
The watch is susceptible of variation in the details of arrangement and working,
but I claim in particular the arrangement described with reference to the annexed
Drawings, reserving to myself the right to vary the shapes, materials, and dimensions
of their constituent organs.
Secondly. To the arrangement of regulator hereafter described with rod and
spring to wind up the barrel, and to "set" the watch at option by the pendant, the
regulating arrangement being also applicable to ordinary watches.
The two intermediate wheels are suppressed, and the control or command of
the axis or arbor effected direct from the barrel; the result is, the causes of stoppage
are diminished, the repairing and cleaning are less costly, and the watches are less
frequently out of order.
In order to suppress thus a part of the wheelwork of the watch I arrange in the
barrel a very long fine spring of great flexibility, by reason of which the regulation
is much better than hitherto. The spring, which is weak, is protected by the
barrel case.
In accordance with the principles just stated several different arrangements of
my watch may be effected. By way of example, and in order to clearly describe
the Invention, and to enable it to be better understood, I will describe two arrange
ments of watches constructed according to my Invention.
The first arrangement is represented in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the annexed
Drawing

page_text: Figure 1 is a view of a showing
mechanism.
Figure 2 is an inside view of the mechanism.
dotted пис
ULIC
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WHICCT
Figure 3 is an inside view of a watch without the large pillar plate.
In the interior of the barrel b is a long thin flexible spring, which carries a small
wheel a to gear into another wheel c fixed upon the axis or arbor o of the minute
hand.
The small wheel a is in conjunction with a large wheel d, which gears into a
pinion e, upon the axis of which is another wheel ƒ engaging with a pinion g of the
regulator.
The movement of the hands is effected by means of an ordinary dial train, which
admits of a "pinion h fixed upon the axis or long rod o; it engages with the wheel i
which carries a pinion j gearing into the wheel k, the sleeve or tube of which
carries the hour hand.
To wind up the watch I arrange upon the square of the barrel axle a pinion 7, 1
with which an idle wheel m engages; under this idle wheel is another wheel n
commanded by the pinion p fitted loosely upon the stem carrying the wheel
by a square plate upon the stems of the regulator.
fixed
The loose pinion p and the fixed wheel q are in conjunction when the watch is
wound up by the known "Breguet " click and spring mechanism, established half 2
upon pinion p, and half upon the fixed wheel q. The spring r of the click lifts the
fixed wheel and puts these two wheels into contact. The loose pinion p engages
constantly with the wheel n on the back of the idle wheel, which by its connection
therewith ensures the winding up..
To enable the watch to be set to time the stems of the regulator is pressed upon; 2
the fixed wheel then engages with an intermediate wheel t, which in its turn
motions an idle wheel u, in gear with, and actuates the wheel i of the dial train or
hands' wheels, and thus enables the watch to be set.
A base or plate of anchor shape maintains the connection of the pinion and
the click which acts upon it, and forms a ratchet, at the same time that it serves 3
to hold the spring of the barrel.
The second arrangement is represented under different views in Figures 4, 5,
and 6.
Figure 4 is a face view of part of the dial.
Figure 5 is an interior view of the mechanism, the covering or case being 3
supposed to be opened.
Figure 6 is the vertical section of the watch: The barrel b' is carried directly
upon the axis or arbor o¹. The hands' mechanism is formed of the pinion h¹, the
wheel, the pinion ¹, and the wheel k¹.
The command of the regulator is effected by an arrangement analogous to that 4
previously described.
The regulating and setting are effected from the pendant. For this purpose the
rod 8¹ carries upon a square plate a pinion pl, which engages with the wheel n'
this latter engages with the wheel n¹¹, which in its turn engages with the wheel m¹
fixed upon the axis o'.
ر را ...
For regulating, the rod s¹ carries à click arrangement with a spring ¹. If the rod
8 be pressed upon, the lower part q¹ of the click arrangement engages with the
wheel of the hands' wheelwork,
The axis of the wheel f¹, which makes one revolution in two minutes, carries a
hand a', which marks the seconds upon a little graduated dial y¹.
As seen in the section; Figure 6, the interior mechanism is inclosed in a very
strong case, formed of a ring A, upon which are firmly grouped two plates B and
B', B¹ being hollowed to receive a glass V, enabling the hour upon the dial to be
read.
5

page_text: 2
As is seen in these two arrangements, if the button of the pendant or regulator
be turned, the spring of the barrel 6 or 6' is wound up; if, on the contrary, pressure
is applied to the head of the stem s of the regulator, the lower wheel q' is put into
gear with the wheelwork which actuates the minute hand and the hour hand.
If the head of the regulator be held thus pressed down, and if the button be
turned, the hands will revolve, and the watch can thus be set to the right time.