IM- PROVEMENTS IN METALLIC TUBES FOR LOCOMOTIVE, MARINE, AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Philip Albert Muntz, of Keresley, near Coventry,
in the County of Warwick, Gentleman, and Thomas Budwortli
Sharp, of the French Walls, Smethwick, in the County of Stafford,
Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of " "IMPROVEMENTS
INT
Sealed the 8th May 1874, and dated the 18th November 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Philip Albert Muntz
and Thomas Budworth Sharp at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 18th November 1873.
WC, PHILIP ALBERT MUNTZ, of Keresley, near Coventry, in the
County of Warwick, Gentleman, and THOMAS BUDWORTH SHARP, of the
French Walls, Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Mechanical
Engineer, do hereby declaro the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN METALLIC TUBES FOR LOCOMOTIVE, MARINE, AND OTHER STEAM
BOILERS," to be as follows: -
In the use of steam boilers containing metallic tubes of the ordinary
manufacture great inconvenience arises in consequence of the action of

page_text: the fire on the fire-box ends of the tubes, the said ends rapidly wearing
away by the joint action of the great heat to which they are exposed,
and the attrition of particles of ash and other solid matter carried by the
blast of the furnace and made to strike violently against the said fire-box
ends of the tube.
The object of our Invention is to make the fire-box ends of boiler
tubes more durable, and our said Invention consists of the use of a
lining inserted or fixed in the fire-box end of the tube, which said
lining when not fixed can be removed and replaced by a new one
without removing the tube from its place in the boiler.
Our Invention is specially applicable to tubes for locomotive boilers,
and we will describe our Invention in connection with a tube for a
locomotive boiler. We make the tube as usual of brass and line the
firc-box end of the tube with a lining by preference of copper extending
from ten inches to a foot along the inside of the tube.
Various methods of manufacturing tubes having our improvements
may be resorted to. We make short copper tubes which we place on a
mandril, and over the said copper tube we place the brass tube and
draw the two tubes by the ordinary process. The lining of copper is
thereby fixed in and is made almost solid with the brass tube, a slight
shoulder being formed at the end of the copper lining, by acting on which
shoulder by a tool inserted at the smoke box end of the tube the lining
can be forced out when it is required to be replaced by a new one, or
the short copper tube may be first put into the brass tube and the
When we wish to make
compound tube drawn in the usual manner.
the lining a fixture we prefer to insert a copper tube in the mould in
which the brass tube is cast, so that in the casting process the brass
tube shall be joined to the copper lining.
Instead of attaching the copper lining to the tube by the drawing
process the said lining may be inserted in the brass tube after the latter
has been drawn or after it has been fixed in the boiler.
Although we have only referred to a brass tube and copper lining yet
we do not confine ourselves to the use of any particular metal or alloy
for the tube and lining, nor do we limit ourselves to the length of lining
herein before referred to.
E

page_text: The tube and lining may either be made of the same or different
metals or alloys, and the lining may extend to a distance inside the tube
greater or less than the distance herein-before described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Philip Albert Muntz and Thomas Budworth Sharp
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th May 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, PHILIP
ALBERT MUNTZ, of Keresley, near Coventry, in the County of Warwick,
Gentleman, and THOMAS BUDWORTH SHARP, of the French Walls,
Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Mechanical Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said Philip Albert Muntz and
Thomas Budworth Sharp, Her special licence that we, the said Philip
Albert Muntz and Thomas Budworth Sharp, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Philip Albert Muntz
and Thomas Budworth Sharp, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC TUBES FOR LOCOMOTIVE,
MARINE, AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said Philip Albert Muntz and Thomas Budworth Sharp,
our executors, or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of
us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Philip Albert Muntz and Thomas
Budworth Sharp, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
that is to say :-
In the use of steam boilers containing metallic tubes of the ordinary
manufacture great inconvenience arises in consequence of the action of
the fire on the fire-box ends of the tubes, the said ends rapidly wearing
away by the joint action of the great heat to which they are exposed and
the attrition of particles of ash and other solid matter carried by the
blast of the furnace and made to strike violently against the said fire-box
ends of the tubes.
The object of our Invention is to make the fire-box ends of the boiler
tubes more durable, and our said Invention consists of the use of a
lining inserted and fixed in the fire-box end of the tube, which said 1
lining constitutes a permanent part of the fire-box end of the said
tube.
Our Invention is specially applicable to tubes for locomotive boilers,
and we will describe our Invention in connection with a tube for a
locomotive boiler. We make the tube as usual of brass and line the
fire-box end of the tube with a lining, by preference of copper, extending
from ten inches to a foot along the inside of the tube.
Various methods of manufacturing tubes having our improvements
may be resorted to. We take a short copper tube of about six inches in
length which we place on a mandril and over the said copper tube we
place the brass tube which has been completed with the exception of
the final drawing, and we draw the two tubes by the ordinary process.
The lining of copper is thereby fixed in and is made almost solid with
the brass tube, and the lined brass tube is brought to the required
length and diameter. The mandril employed in effecting the final g
drawing differs from the mandril ordinarily employed in the respect that
it is made of somewhat less diameter at the small end than an ordinary
mandril, and the finished lined tube is consequently of somewhat less
diameter internally and of greater thickness of metal at the fire-box or
lined end than tubes of the ordinary kind; or we place a short thick 8
copper tube on a sand core in the mould in which the brass tube is cast,
so that in the casting process the brass tube shall be cast around and

page_text: upon the copper lining. The tube with the lining is then drawn into a
tube in the ordinary way, a mandril of the kind herein-before described
being used in the final drawing.
Instead of attaching the copper lining to the tube by the drawing
process the said lining may be inserted in the brass tube after the latter
has been drawn, the lining fitting the tube tightly and being inserted by
pressure or percussion.
The tube and lining may either be made of the same or of different
metals or alloys and the lining may extend to a distance inside the tube
greater or less than the distance herein-before described.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawing represents in longitudinal
section a tube for a locomotive or other steam boiler made according to
our Invention, and Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same taken on
the dotted line of Figure 1.
a is the copper lining and 6 is the brass tube, the said copper lining
extending to c or other required part of the fire-box end of the tube, the
remaining part of the tube consisting of brass only. By the drawing
process the brass tube 6 drawn upon the copper lining a assumes the
figure represented in the Drawing.
Figure 3 represents in longitudinal section a tube for a locomotive or
other steam boiler in which a steel lining d is employed in the fire-box
end of an iron tube e; and Figure 4 is a transverse section of the same
taken on the dotted line in Figure 3. The steel lining d is inserted in
the iron tube e, both the said lining and tube d, e, having nearly the
respective sizes represented in the Drawing, and the compound tube is
passed through a die so as to close the tube e upon and fix it to the
lining d.
Figure 5 represents in elevation (partly in section) a portion of a
locomotive boiler having tubes made according to our Invention; one of
the tubes is shown in section. The part marked f is the tube proper,
made of brass or iron, and g is the lining made of copper or steel; his
the ferrule by which the fire-box end of the tube is fixed in its place.
Figure 6 represents on a small scale the mandril on which the final
drawing of the lined tube, Figures 1 and 2 is effected.
The drawing and casting processes which we employ in carrying our
Invention into effeet are well known and commonly practised, and con-

page_text: stitute no part of our Invention, we therefore do not consider it necessary
to describe the same.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that
we do not limit ourselves to the precise details herein described and
illustrated, as the same may be varied without departing from the
nature of our Invention, but we claim as our Invention the improve-
ments in metallic tubes for locomotive, marine, and other steam boilers
herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing,
that is to say, inserting in the fire-box ends of the said tubes a lining of
copper, steel, or other metal or alloy, by preference different from that
of which the tube is made, which said lining by the additional thickness
it gives to the fire-box end of the tube renders the said tube more
capable of resisting the action of the fire and the attrition of the
particles carried by the fire into the said fire-box ends, the said lining
being made and secured in the tube in the several ways described and
illustrated.
In witness whereof, we, the said Philip Albert Muntz and Thomas
Budworth Sharp, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Twelfth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-four.
-Witness,
R. W. THOMSON,
PHILIP ALBERT MUNTZ.
(L.S.)
THOMAS BUDWORTH SHARP. (L.S.)
French Walls,
near Birmingham.