Improvements in Heating Apparatus for Buildings and Structures.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 4th June, 1892-Accepted, 27th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Heating Apparatus for Buildings and Structures.
I, EDWARD WILLIAM PARISH, of No. 1 Elm Street Belgrave in the County
of Leicester Traveller do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in heating apparatus suitable for fixing
in glass houses, rooms, or buildings, also by protecting part of same the apparatus
can be managed also from the outside of a greenhouse, or public buildings,
factories, workshops or business premises can be successfully heated at a minimum
of cost by the following arrangement of concentrating the superheated steam
whereby it can be kept at a good heat by only a small jet of heating light after
once the apparatus has been got up to a certain heat to produce the steam in
a series of chambers or cylinders inverted and resting in a tank or water chamber,
which will effectually provide a predetermined amount of heat through the medium
of a jacketted generating chamber, and enclosing the water tank so that the steam
can be conducted through pipe from the generating chamber, running across, or
around a room or rooms, the pipe being conducted again into the water heating
tank or chamber the steam in returning again entering the water boiling tank,
and passing through the water is again diffused into the generating chamber
without waste, and such heating operation is conducted with only a small amount
of water, and a corresponding small amount of heating surface making this
invention useful in places where it is not desirable that any escape of steam
should be, or any fumes from oil or gas heating appliances used in connection
therewith. This invention is an outcome of my previous Patent No. 9579 of 1890,
for cooking by aid of superheated steam, without any loss of the steam.
The apparatus is constructed and arranged in the following manner.
water heating tank or chamber is provided either round, square or other convenient
shape and of tin preferred, but it may for large users be made of iron or copper
plates bolted together, or cast in any convenient form, in the side of the said tank
is provided a hole in which is put the return end of the conducting pipes by screw
nuts or the like to connect or disconnect.
An outer
Inside this water heating tank, which may be only of the height or a little higher
than the quantity of water the apparatus is designed to carry, is placed two
cylinders both capped at the top, and a small space being allowed between the
walls of each, the inner one which is the generating chamber has a chimney in the
top which fits in a corresponding tube in the top of the outer cover condensing
chamber or concentrating steam jacket over this outer tube is put, or connected by
screw joint an elbow attached to the steam delivery pipe which is carried across or
round the room or building the opposite or return end being connected to the
water heating tank as before described. The heating appliance may consist of a
gas coil or jets, or oil or spirit lamp arranged in a case or cover to enclose the same
with suitable holes so that the fumes are carried away, and air admitted to the
light, the steam heating apparatus being placed thereon.
The water can be put into the water tank by hand, or in the making of large
apparatus it will perhaps be necessary to have an automatic water supply from an
outside scource.
It will be well understood that the steam conducting pipes will be made of tin,
zinc or other material best suited to throw out the heat from the pipe.
A useful feature of this invention is that by its construction and arrangement of
cylinders a regular and continuous heat can be steadily diffused, and unlike dry
D

page_text: heat, the diffusion of what may be called "dry steam heat" is not unhealthy
especially in workshops or factories; and for home comfort the apparatus can ▸
arranged in an ornamental way inside the open fire grate, and the conducting
heating pipes form a part of, or take the place of a fender, in heating sick rooms
and the like, such heated pipes being protected by the design of the fittings from
burning anyone.
In the apparatus herein described no escape of steam takes place, a rim round
the outer cylinder or concentrating chamber closing on the top edges of the
water tank.
Dated this 1st day of September 1891.
WILLIAM BESTWICK MAXFIELD,
Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Heating Apparatus for Buildings and Structures.
I, EDWARD WILLIAM PARISH of No. 1 Elm Street Belgrave in the County of
Leicester Traveller do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in heating apparatus for buildings and
structures, and that it may be well understood I will now refer to the drawings
accompanying this Specification in which;
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of my apparatus designed for heating green-
houses, workshops, or factories, or other buildings or structures.
Figure 2 is a modification of same, and
Figure 3 shows the apparatus adapted to heat rooms, as applied to fenders or
fire grates.
The apparatus forming the subject of this invention is suitable for fixing in glass
houses, rooms, or other places and a suitable cover may be put over it as seen in
Figure 3. Public passages, buildings, factories, workshops, offices, and other
business places can be successfully heated at a minimum of cost and a certain and
uniform temperature maintained by using just a glimmer, or small jet of light, once
the heat has been got up to the point to produce steam which circulates and is
generated in the jacketted chamber A then conducted through the small pipes or
jets a and distributed along with heated air from the flue a " see Figure 2
through the pipes B, which are put in the side or sides of the outer case or
chamber C. The said pipes B can be carried across, or around a room or building
but conducted back again into the outer case or chamber C, thus the steam after
taking its circuit (denoted by arrows b) again enters the water tank or outer
chamber and is again diffused without waste of the water E. at the same time
providing a large heating surface this is accounted for by allowing no escape of
steam.
"
Of course it is well known that if the steam is allowed to blow off the amount of
heat is reduced. But by providing a flexible boiler and expanding chambers the
distribution of heat is well maintained. This invention is an outcome of my
previous Patent No. 9579 of 1890, for cooking without any loss of the steam during
the cooking operation-and is constructed in the following or similar manner.
A water receiving tank 1, is made either round, square, or other convenient shape
of tin, iron, copper, or cast in a convenient form to suit the individual tastes of
purchasers. In holes 2 in the side or sides of the said tank are secured by screw
nuts or the like, the ends 3, of the pipes B. in order that they can be disconnected
or connected as the case may be.
The inner generating chamber A is covered by another cylinder 4, "as seen in
Figure 2," and both rest on suitable brackets 5, and access to the inner chamber is
effected by means of the conduits D, which admit of the water entering the

page_text: generating chamber A, at the top of which, are the tubes a admitting the steam to
the pipes B, the space or flue a, between A. and 4, admitting heated air into the
pipes B. The inner chamber A is by preference made of copper so that the heat
is quickly obtained either from a gas coil or jets, or oil or spirit lamp F of any
ordinary kind placed in the lower case 1, which may have a door "as f¹ Figure 3,"
air holes f and fume pipe I may also be provided. To supply the apparatus with
water I prefer an outside feed as J.
The heat conducting pipes B are made from metal of the best known kind best
suited to throw out the heat such as zinc, tin, or may be copper.
And I would have it understood that in constructing the said apparatus I may
cause the structure to be made in a variety of patterns without departing from
the essence of my invention the useful feature of which is that by the arrange-
ment of cylinders and pipes as herein shown and described or duly regulated and
continuous heat can be steadily diffused in a condition most conducive to health
and admirably suited for sick rooms or in large rooms where a large quantity
of workpeople are employed. It will be well understood that my apparatus can
be employed in buildings or structures preferably in the form as shown in Figure 2
for ventilation by fixing in the roof when the air would rise up the flue between
the cylinders A and 4, and become exhausted by the current of steam through
pipe B only one of which would be needed in this instance. The apparatus as
shown by Figure 1. is as before stated suited for outside or inside of green-
houses, workshops, factories or other structures which can be heated without
waste of heat, or steam. By the appliances or methods now in use for heating
by steam, a great waste of heat occurs, by waste of steam but by this invention
this is obviated and the operation is rendered more clean and useful and at a
smaller cost as compared with any other process of generating steam.
For home comforts the apparatus can be applied in an ornamental way inside an
open fire grate, or in front thereof ", see Figure 3" and the heating pipes B form a
part of, or take the place of a fender or guard G, in sick rooms, or the like, such
heating pipes being protected by the design of the fittings or ornamental perforated
cover K, k, and a nozzle g', may be put in the pipe B so that a flexible tube can
be screwed thereon, the outer end of such tube may be secured to a copper pan,
and be heated to warm the bed, or a spray of any ordinary kind be put on end of
the tube for inhalation purposes during illness.
So that no escape of steam occurs from out the telescoped outer chambers C or 1,
I put a rim H upon the outside of the upper chambers C, resting on the lower one, 1.
By constructing the apparatus in such a manner explosion is impossible as every
part is expanding, and the steam is generated without exceeding a temperature of
210 degrees F. and this is readily maintained.
This apparatus is applicable to other heating purposes than those described
without departing from the essence of my invention. The main object of which is
that the steam is generated in the boiler, and conveyed from thence to the
pipes without pressure, and in making the circuit of the pipes it is condensed and
continuously returned to the generating chamber and utilized again either with or
without the combination of atmospheric air and steam. And without waste of heat
or water.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An apparatus for generating and circulating steam without pressure or waste
of heat or water. Substantially as described.
2. A heating apparatus or steam generator having a flexible boiler formed by
inverted cylinders, with steam jets a, in tubes B and expanding chambers C and 1.
Substantially as described.
3. An apparatus for heating sick rooms, beds, or the like which can be placed in
the fire place, or be part of, or connected to the fender or guard, provided with

page_text: cylinders and pipes for circulating steam without waste thereof. Substantially in
the manner as hereinbefore described. and set forth.
Dated this 3rd day of June 1892.
WILLIAM BESTWICK MAXFIELD,
Chartered Patent Agent,
19, Bowling Green Street, Leicester, Applicant's Agent.