Year: 1899

page_text: Date f Application, 19th June, 1899
Compiét. Specification Left, 19th Mar., 1900-Accepted, 19th June, 1900
We, PETER OFFENBROICH, Engineer, and HEINRICH ROCKEL, Merchant, both
of 15, Löhrstrasse, Coblenz, Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
The present invention consists of an improved galvanic cell and of the details
of construction hereinafter set forth.
Several carbons and zinc electrodes are arranged in an insulated, advan-
tageously rectangular, receptacle. Each carbon and zinc electrode is provided
with a coating of a paste formed of ground carbon, brown stone and Ceylon
graphite, which latter is a class of graphite found in the island of Ceylon, and
then wound round with linen, the electrodes thus packed being placed in a zinc
tube having a bottom, which is then filled out with a mixture of carrageen (a
moss or seaweed found at the bottom of the sea near Iceland and known as
Iceland-moss) and a strong sal-ammoniac salt known as electrogeen or the like.
The zinc tubes thus filled are also provided with an exterior coating of the said
mixture and then enclosed in parchment. In order to prevent short circuiting,
the electrodes thus prepared are dipped in a mineral tar known as goudron and
then placed in the receptacle, which is half filled with gelatine or the like,
for cooling purposes, the said receptacle being also insulated. If several carbon
and zinc electrodes are arranged in one receptacle the various positive and
negative poles of the same are connected up beneath the upper rim of the said
receptacle, with the exception of one anode and one cathode and the whole with
the exception of the latter two parts covered with a piece of parchment, on to
which goudron is poured. A small glass tube leads from each zinc tube to the
upper surface of this latter goudron layer, as also from the gelatine mass, in
order to allow the gases formed to escape. In order to prevent the conducting
wire clamps from injury the same are arranged below the upper surface of the
upper goudron layer, which is hollowed out for the purpose, so that the two
clamps will lie below the plane of the upper rim of the receptacle.
Dated th 10th day of T
1000
We, PETER OFFENBROICH, Technical Expert, and HEINRICH ROCKEL, Merchant,
both of 15, Löhrstrasse, Coblenz, in the Empire of Germany, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention consists of an improved galvanic cell which is very constant
and durable, possesses high tension, and at the same time is inexpensive and
convenient for transport.

page_text: The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which
Figures 1 and 2 are respectively sectional elevation and sectional plan of a
double cell or battery of two cells constructed in accordance with the invention.
In carrying the invention into effect in constructing a double cell or battery
an insulated vessel a preferably rectangular is fitted with carbons 6 and zinc-
electrodes d. Each carbon electrode is provided with a coating e of a paste formed
of ground carbon, brown stone and Ceylon graphite, which latter is a class of
graphite found in the island of Ceylon, and then wound round with linen, the
electrodes thus packed being placed in a zinc tube d, which is then filled out with
a mixture e of carrageen (a moss or seaweed found at the bottom of the sea near
Iceland and known as Iceland-moss) and concentrated hydrochlorate of ammonia
or a concentrated solution of the same known as electrogeen or the like. The
zinc tubes thus filled are also provided with an exterior coating e¹ of the said
mixture and then enclosed in vellum or parchment. In order to prevent short
circuiting, the electrodes thus prepared are dipped in a mineral tar known as
goudron which is a tar boiled or evaporated to greater density than ordinary tar
and then placed in the receptacle a, which is half filled with gelatine or the like,
for cooling purposes, the said receptacle being also insulated. The bottom of
each of the fubes & preferably consists of a layer of goudron f¹, and the top of a
layer of paraffin f. If several carbon and zinc electrodes are arranged in one
receptacle the various positive and negative poles of the same are connected
up beneath the upper rim of the said receptacle, with the exception of one anode
and one cathode and the whole with the exception of the latter two parts covered
with a piece of parchment, on to which a layer f of goudron is poured. A small
glass tube g leads from each zinc tube to the upper surface of this latter goudron
layer f, as also from the gelatine mass, in order to allow the gases formed to
escape. In order to prevent the conducting wire clamps h from injury the same
are arranged below the upper surface of the upper goudron layer, which is
hollowed out for the purpose, so that the two clamps will lie below the plane of
the upper rim of the receptacle. We prefer to make the mixture c in the pro-
portion of 54 parts of graphite, 15 parts of brown stone and 10 parts of carbon but
it is to be understood that these proportions may be varied without departing
from the subject of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. A galvanic cell or battery in which the electrodes are arranged in an
insulated vessel, preferably rectangular, and partly filled with a cooling material
such as gelatine the connection between the individual electrodes being
made within a layer of goudron which reaches to the rim of the containing vessel
but leaves the two terminals exposed substantially as described.
2. In a cell or battery such as claimed in Claim 1 coating the electrode or each
individual electrode with a paste of carrageen moss and electrogeen or similar
substances.
3. In a cell or battery such as claimed in Claim 1, preventing evaporation by
insulating the electrodes by means of goudron.
4. A galvanic battery constructed and arranged substantially as herein before
described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 10th dox of March 1900
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and 25, Cross Street, Manchester,
Agents.