Improvements in Machines for Pulverizing Rock, Ore, and the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Mar., 1895-Accepted, 27th Apr., 1895
Improvements in Machines for Pulverizing Rock, Ore, and the like.
I PETER MCKELLAR, of 189 Front Street of the Town of Fort William, in
the Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, Mineral Explorer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in machines for pulverizing rock, ore,
and the like, and it is designed more particularly as an improvement upon a
pulverizing machine, which embodies such a construction that in operation the
full weight of the impact rolls and the wheel carrying the same is imposed upon
the rock or ore so as to facilitate the crushing of the same.
One of the objects of my present invention is to provide a rock or ore pulverizing
machine in which the weight of the impact rolls and the wheel carrying the same
is utilized to effect the crushing of the ore or rock, and in which it is consequently
duly necessary to rotate the said wheel at a speed sufficient to cause the minute
particles of rock or ore to "float."
Another object of the invention is to provide an ore or rock crushing machine
which may be used to advantage in crushing ore containing gold, and:
Still another object is to provide means whereby grit and fine particles of ore
will be prevented from getting into the bearings of the shafts of the impact rolls,
and accelerating the wear thereof, and means whereby wear of the said shafts may
be readily taken up.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will be fully understood from the
following description and claims when taken in connection with the annexed
drawings, in which :
Fig. 1, is a transverse section of my improved machine with parts in elevation.
Fig. 2, is a section taken in the plane indicated by the line 2, 2, of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3, is a vertical, longitudinal section of the machine with parts in elevation.
Fig. 4, is an enlarged, diametrical section of one of the journal boxes of one
impact roll shaft.
Fig. 5, is a transverse section taken in the plane indicated by the line x, x,
of Fig. 4, and :
Fig. 6, is a horizontal section taken in the plane indicated by the line 6, 6,
of Fig. 2.
In the said drawing, similar letters designate corresponding parts in all of the
several views, referring to which :-A, indicates the mortar of my improved
machine. This mortar is preferably of a general semi-circular form, as illustrated,
and it comprises, by preference the curvilinear bottom a, having the parallel
ridges b, which are of an even height throughout their length and are provided for
an intermediate portion of their length with the lateral flanges c, and the side
walls d, which rise from the ridges b, and are provided with the horizontal and
vertical flanges e, f, designed to serve in conjunction with the flanges c, to form
openings for the reception of the screens B, which are formed in the flanges c, d, e,
as illustrated. The flanges c, while they extend laterally along the ridges b, are of
a less curvature than said ridges to afford greater screening capacity; and they
are provided with copper plates C, which are desirable for obvious reasons when
the machine is used for crushing gold and silver bearing ore, but which may be

page_text: and preferably are omitted when the pulverizer is used for crushing other ores
and rock.
The mortar A, is provided in the channel formed by the ridges b, with a shoe D,
of hardened metal designed to prevent wear of its bottom, and said mortar is also
provided in its side walls with notches h; the purpose of which will be presently
described.
E, indicates the wheel which carries the impact rolls and is designed to be
rotated in the mortar A. This wheel E, may be cast in one piece, and has a
peripheral recess i, to receive the impact rolls, and it is fixed upon a shaft F, as
better illustrated in Fig. 1. The said shaft F, is journaled in suitable bearing
blocks G, at the ends of a yoke H, and the said bearing blocks are arranged to
slide between the guides j, which rise from the lugs k, on the outside of the mortar
walls d, whereby it will be seen that the full weight of the wheel E, and the impact
rolls and other parts connected therewith will be imposed upon the ore or rock in
the bottom of the mortar to facilitate the crushing thereof and the wheel E, will
also be enabled to accommodate itself to the amount of ore or rock in the mortar ;
the notches, in the mortar walls d, serving to permit a limited movement of the
shaft F. Scrapers x', are fastened to wheel E, as shown, and are adapted to level
the material in advance of the impact rolls.
In order to render the rotation of the wheel E, more regular and even, I extend
the shaft F, on opposite sides of the mortar and journal it at one end in a bearing
box I, which is swivelled in suitable bearings J, and provide it at its opposite end
or other suitable point with a balance wheel as K. Thus it will be seen that as
the shaft is rotated through the medium of a belt taking around the belt pulley L,
the wheel E, will be evenly rotated without interfering with the imposition of the
entire weight thereof upon the rock or ore which is a desideratum.
When the weight of the wheel E, and its appurtenances are thus imposed upon
the rock or ore, the crushing is done entirely by the weight with the little extra
force gained by the velocity to rotate said wheel at a speed sufficient to make the
finer particles of ore or those which are small enough to pass through the screens B,
float.
It is desirable in some cases to limit the downward movement of the wheel E, so
that when in its lowermost position it will rest at a certain distance above the mortar
bottom, and therefore provide the wedges M, better illustrated in Figs. 1, and 2.
These wedges M, take through openings in the guides j, at points above the lugs k,
and they are designed to be adjusted for the purpose stated, and are also designed
to be adjustably fixed through the medium of the set screws m, which take through
the guides j, as better shown in Fig. 6.
N, indicates the impact rolls which are, by preference, arranged in parallel
series, as shown, with the rolls of one series placed alternately with respect to
the rolls of the other series so as to enable them to balance each other and the
wheel. The said impact rolls are fixed upon shafts P, and these shafts which have
conical or tapered ends p, are journaled in bearing boxes Q, which are secured
by removable caps R, in seats q, formed at equi-distant points in the periphery of
the wheel E.
The journal bearing boxes Q, are of a peculiar and advantageous construction
and they respectively comprise the outer shell r, which is internally threaded, the
body s, which is exteriorly threaded to engage the threads of the shell and is
provided at its outer end with a receptacle t, for lubricant or packing, the
bushing u,. preferably of brass, which is designed to be readily removed when worn
and be replaced by a new one, and the guard cap v, which is preferably of right-
angle form in cross-section and is interiorly threaded as shown, so as to enable it to
engage the body s, and press the packing in space t, against the shaft, and
effectually excludes grit and the like from the box and thereby prolong the
usefulness of the same.
The outer shell r, of the bearing boxes Q, is fixed against movement by the
screw S, which takes through the cap R, and the shell or casing r, and into a

page_text: peripheral groove x, in the body s, and consequently prevents undue lengthwise
movement of said body. By this construction it will be seen that the body s, may
be readily adjusted lengthwise to take up any wear; the outer end of said body
being of an angular form in cross-section for the engagement of a wrench or
the like.
A journal box or bearing such as described, is particularly adapted for rock
or ore pulverizing machines inasmuch as the grit and fine particles of ore are
effectually excluded and for the further reason that all wear may be readily taken
up and the parts most subjected to frictional wear may be readily removed and be
replaced by new ones without the employment of skilled labour.
In order to prevent the finer particles of ore from flying out of the machine in
operation, I provide the cover or hood T, better illustrated in Figures 1, and 3.
This cover or hood T, is formed in two sections y, z, and these sections are
detachably connected by bolts or the like, to the mortar walls d, whereby it will be
seen that either one or both may be readily removed when it is desired to gain
access to the interior of the machine for repairs or for any other purpose.
For the purpose of facilitating cleaning of the mortar A, I provide the normally
plugged apertures a', in one of the ridges b, adjacent to the bottom of the mortar.
These apertures when open permit of the contents of the mortar to flow out and
consequently it will be seen that the mortar may be readily cleaned.
As better shown in Figs. 1, and 3, of the drawing, the contiguous vertical edges
of the hood sections y, z, rest apart so as to form vertical play spaces a³, for the
shaft F. These spaces are in alignment with the notches h, in the side walls of the
mortar and in order to prevent the pulverized ore from flying out of such
spaces, a³, I provide the vertical plates a, which rest on the inside of the side
walls of the mortar and hood and receive the shaft F, and the plates a, which rest
on the outside of the hood walls and are connected with the plates a*, by bolts a",
as shown. These plates a*, extend through the top y, of the hood T, as shown and
move with the shaft F, and they are therefore adapted to effectually prevent the
ore from being thrown out of the mortar and hood.
The general operation of my improved machine is similar to that of the aforesaid
machine; the ore being fed in at the mouth W, and passing out when pulverized,
through the screens B.
I have in some respects specifically described the construction and relative arrange-
ment of the parts or my improved machine in order to impart a full and clear
understanding of the same, but I do not desire to be understood as confining myself
to such specific construction and arrangement of parts as such changes or
modifications may be made in practice as fairly fall within the scope of my
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a machine for pulverizing ore, rock, and the like, the combination of a
mortar, vertically-movable bearings G, a pivoted or swivelled bearing, the shaft
journaled in the vertically-movable bearings and in the pivoted or swivelled
bearing, and a wheel fixed on said shaft and arranged to turn in the mortar or
receptacle, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In a machine for pulverizing ore, rock, and the like, the combination of a
mortar, vertically movable bearings G, a pivoted or swivelled bearing at one side
of the mortar, the shaft journaled in the vertically-movable bearings and in the
pivoted or swivelled bearing, a wheel fixed on said shaft and arranged to turn in
the mortar or receptacle, and a fly or balance wheel fixed on the free portion of
the shaft, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. In a machine for pulverizing ore, rock, and the like, the combination of a
mortar or receptacle having vertical guides, vertically-movable bearings arranged
in said guides, a bearing I, mounted in suitable bearings and located at one side of

page_text: the mortar or receptacle, a shaft journaled in the vertically-movable bearings and
in the bearing I, and having a fly or balance wheel at its free end, and a wheel
fixed on the shaft and arranged to turn in the mortar or receptacle, substantially
as specified.
'
4. A machine for pulverizing ore, rock, and the like, comprising a mortar having
the parallel ridges b, provided with lateral flanges c, the vertical walls d, provided
with flanges e, f, and the screens arranged in the openings formed by said flanges,
and a wheel arranged to turn in said mortar or receptacle, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
5. A machine for pulverizing ore, rock, and the like, comprising a mortar having
the parallel ridges b, provided with lateral flanges c, the vertical walls d, provided
with flanges e, f, the copper plates arranged on the flanges c, and the screens
arranged in the openings formed by said flanges, and a wheel arranged to turn in
said mortar or receptacle, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
6. In a machine for pulverizing or breaking ore or rock, the combination of a
mortar or receptacle having guides, vertically-movable bearings, arranged in said
guides, a wheel arranged to turn in the mortar or receptacle and having its
shaft journaled in the vertically-movable bearings and adjustable wedges arranged
beneath the vertically movable bearings, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
7. In a machine for pulverizing or breaking ore or rock, the combination of a
mortar or receptacle having guides, vertically-movable bearings arranged in said
guides, a wheel arranged to turn in the mortar or receptacle and having its shaft
journaled in the vertically movable bearings, adjustable wedges extending through
the guides below the vertically movable bearings and set screws taking through
the guides and engaging the wedges, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
8. The combination of a shaft having its end tapered, an interiorly threaded
shell r, a body having exterior threads to engage those of the shell and adapted. to
receive the tapered end of the shaft, and a ring v, mounted on the shaft and having
interior threads adapted to engage the threads of the body, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
9. In a machine for pulverizing ore or rock, the combination of the wheel having
notches in its periphery, a shaft having its ends tapered and carrying an impact
roll, the journal boxes or bearings arranged in the peripheral notches of the wheel
and respectively comprising an interiorly threaded shell r, an exteriorly threaded
body s, engaging the shell r, and adapted to receive the tapered end of the shaft,
and the ring v, surrounding the shaft and having interior threads adapted to
engage the threads of the body s, and means for fixing the shells r, with respect
to the wheel, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
10. In a machine for pulverizing ore or rock, the combination of the wheel
having notches in its periphery, a shaft having its ends tapered and carrying an
impact roll, the journal boxes or bearings arranged in the peripheral notches of
the wheel and respectively comprising an interiorly threaded shell, the exteriorly
threaded body s, engaging the shell and adapted to receive the tapered end of
the shaft and having the lubricant or packing receptacle at its outer end, and the
ring v, surrounding the shaft and having interior threads adapted to engage the
threads of the body s, for tightening packing in space t2, the caps R, secured to
the wheel and arranged over the journal bearings or boxes and screws taking
through said caps and the shells r, of the boxes, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
11. In a machine for pulverizing ore and rock, the combination of a mortar
having notches h, in its side walls, a hood arranged on the mortar and having
vertical play spaces a³, in alignment with the notches h, the wheel arranged in
the mortar and having its shaft extending through the notches h, and journaled in
vertically movable bearings, the vertically-movable plates a, arranged on the inner
sides of the mortar and hood walls and receiving the shaft of the wheel, and the

page_text: plates a³, arranged on the outside of the hood walls and connected and adapted
to move with the plates a', substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 26th day of March 1895.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.