IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING OR REDUCING ORES PHOSPHATES QUARTZ OR OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES TO POWDER AND FOR SEPARATING SUCH GROUND OR REDUCED SUBSTANCES"
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Wood of West Stockwith in the County of
"
Nottingham, Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR
APPARATUS FOR GRINDING OR REDUCING ORES PHOSPHATES QUARTZ OR OTHER
SIMILAR SUBSTANCES TO POWDER AND FOR SEPARATING SUCH GROUND OR
REDUCED SUBSTANCES"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Wood at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th August 1883.
JAMES WOOD of West Stockwell [sic] in the County of Nottingham Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING OR REDUCING ORES
PHOSPHATES QUARTZ OR OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES TO POWDER AND FOR
SEPARATING SUCH GROUND OR REDUCED SUBSTANCES"
My Invention consists of two main features namely. Firstly An Apparatus for
grinding or reducing the ores phosphates quartz or the like to powder wherein the
weight of the crushing wheels is concentrated on a very small space so that the
most refractory materials are crushed simply by dead weight with but little
friction and no attrition and without the employment of centrifugal force and
secondly of an apparatus for separating the ground materials by means of a current
or currents of air.
According to my said Invention the grinding or reducing apparatus consists of a
pan to which a motion of revolution is imparted In this pan are mounted edge
runners having a very narrow face or periphery. The said runners are made of as
great weight as conveniently may be and are mounted so as to revolve on their
axes. The perforations in the pan are made to taper downwards and outwards to
prevent clogging. As the crushed material passes through the perforations it is
passed (preferably by an elevator) into the second portion of the apparatus which
consists of a box in which a partial vacuum and induced current is created by
means of an exhaust fan The material falls upon a series of inclined partitions

page_text: meeting the current of air passing thereover whereby the finer portion of the
material is carried up and into the body part of the box which may be divided
into several compartments provided with doors for removal and with openings
alternately above and below to give a circuitous path for the air and further
separate the material according to the degree of fineness. The draught and conse-
quently the degree of fineness obtained can be regulated by a slide at the air inlet
and a slide may also be placed so as to regulate the quantity of ground material
admitted to the apparatus. The heavier portions of the material which are not
carried into the box compartments by the air fall back again down a suitable guide
or shoot into the grinding pan to be further treated
The apparatus can be used either together or separately or in conjunction with
other apparatus of a similar kind as may be desired

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Wood in the Patent Office on the 16th February 1884.
JAMES WOOD of West Stockwith in the County of Nottingham Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING OR REDUCING ORES
PHOSPHATES QUARTZ OR OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES TO POWDER AND FOR
SEPARATING SUCH GROUND OR REDUCED SUBSTANCES
"
My Invention relates to means or apparatus for grinding or reducing ores
phosphates quartz or other similar substances to powder and for separating from
the substances so ground or reduced and after they leave the grinding apparatus
the powder in the required degree of fineness the coarser portions being returned
if required to the grinding apparatus for further reduction.
The apparatus constructed according to my said Invention consists of two
main features namely:-Firstly an apparatus for grinding or reducing the ores
phosphates quartz or the like to powder wherein the weight of the crushing edge
runners or wheels is concentrated on.a very small space so that the most refractory
materials are crushed by dead weight with but little friction and no attrition and
without the employment of centrifugal force and secondly of a pneumatic apparatus
for separating the ground materials (after they leave the grinding or reducing
apparatus) by means of an induced current or currents of air which gives or give
a partial vacuum in the said apparatus.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several figures on the annexed Drawing.
Figure 1 represents an elevation partly in section of both the above mentioned
apparatus combined although it is to be understood that either of them may be
used separately or in conjunction with a different kind of separator or grinding
machine if desired.
The grinding or reducing apparatus is shewn at A and the pneumatic separating
apparatus is shewn at B. Referring first to the grinding or reducing apparatus:
Upon a foundation C is supported a pan D which has a bottom d perforated with
tapered holes & the wider parts of the said holes being at bottom to prevent clogging.
The said pan is rotated by the shaft d² from any convenient motor. In standards
or supports E is carried an axle e upon which are mounted to run freely thereon
the edge runners or wheels F having very narrow faces or peripheries not exceeding
eight inches and not less than four inches in width according to the degree of
resistance of the material to be treated. The harder the material the less will be
the said width. The said edge runners or wheels should be made of as great a
weight as conveniently may be the narrow peripheries causing the weight to be
concentrated upon a very small grinding or reducing space. The material as it is
ground by the runners F passes through the tapered perforations & in the bottom
of the pan D and falls upon the foundation plate c² from which the scraper c³
fixed to the bottom of the pan D scrapes it into a trunk or shoot C³ for conducting
the material into the receptacle C³. Figure 2 is a plan of the pan D showing also
an arrangement of stationary scrapers for properly distributing the material.
When the said material is to be submitted to the action of the pneumatic separator
at B it is passed thereinto either by gravity or by an elevator or Jacob's ladder G
and discharged into the hopper h leading to the said pneumatic apparatus which
consists of a box in which an induced current and partial vacuum are created the
current being in the direction of the arrows and induced by means of an exhaust
fan J (or fans) in communication with the outlet at i. The material entering at h
falls upon an inclined shelf or a series of inclined shelves jj being subjected to

page_text: the action of the current of air passing thereover whereby the finer portions of
the material are carried up and through the passage into the body part of the
box the heavier portions of the said material passing down the passage or shoot
indicated at back into the grinding pan D to be again submitted to the action of
the grinding wheels. The box of the pneumatic apparatus is divided into any
convenient number of compartments by partitions as at m with openings
alternately above and below as shewn, the object of the said partitions being to
baffle the current and cause conjointly with the partial vacuum created by the
exhaust fan or fans, the deposit of the powder in the bottom of the said box.
nare doors by which the powder may be removed. P is a slide by means of
which the strength of the current of air and consequently the fineness of the
powder carried over and passing through the opening & may be regulated. Q is a
slide for regulating the quantity of material fed on to the inclined shelves j.
'
There may be one, or two, or more runners F employed in the grinding
apparatus A as may be convenient.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is :-
First: In apparatus for grinding or reducing ores, phosphates, quartz, or
similar substances, to powder, the combination with a revolving pan having a
perforated bottom, of an edge runner or wheel, or edge runners or wheels, free to
turn and formed as herein before stated, so that the weight of the said runners or
wheels is concentrated upon a small grinding space, substantially as and for the
purpose hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Second-For separating ground or reduced ores, phosphates, quartz, or similar
substances, a pneumatic apparatus wherein the ground materials, after they leave
or have been removed from the grinding or reducing apparatus, are subjected to
the action of an induced current of air, which separates the finer from the coarser
portions of the said materials, and causes a partial vacuum, under the influence of
which the finer portions are subsequently deposited as required, substantially as
described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Third An apparatus for grinding or reducing ores, phosphates, quartz, or
similar substances, to powder, and for separating the finer portions from the coarser
portions, the said apparātus consisting in the combination of a grinder or reducer
consisting of a revolving pan with a perforated bottom and having an edge runner
dr wheel, or edge runners or wheels, revolving therein and formed as herein before
stated, so that their weight is concentrated upon a small space with a pneumatic
separating apparatus wherein the ground materials, after they leave or have been
removed from the grinder or reducer, are subjected to the action of an induced
current of air, by which the finer portions of the said materials are separated
from the coarser portions, the said coarser portions being returned to the grinder
or reducer, and the finer portions being subsequently deposited under the influence
of the partial vacuum created by the said induced current of air, all substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof 1 the said Janes Wood have to this my Specification set my
hand and seal this twenty-ninth day of January One thousand eight hundred and
eighty four.
.