IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1871

page_text: 1
LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine,.
Lake, & Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."—A com-
munication from abroad by Josiah Gates, of Lowell, Massachusetts,
United States of America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 23rd August 1871.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for “IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING,"
a communication, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to looms designed for weaving carpeting,
matting, and other similar fabrics, and has for its objects to cheapen
and simplify the construction and arrangement of parts or elements to
economise in the cost of the loom and in wear and tear, and consequently
in the expense of repairs; to lessen the liability of breakage or dis-
placement of some of the parts; to insure the certain and uniform

page_text: introduction of the filling and the clearing of the sheds; and to allow the
suspended filling threads or those not in immediato use when there are
several shuttles to pass down the side of the web, and out of the way of
the filling forks.
In practising this Invention I use an arrangement of levers. operating
both the trap boards and the journals. I employ sliding cylindrical
shuttle boxes, and in combination therewith I arrange a stationary
double hooked pawl and lever controlled by the jacquard apparatus for
revolving such boxes during the ascending or descending movement
of the shuttle box frame. The arrangement of the cylinder boxes in
relation to the vertical sliding boxes is such that the weight of the
cylinder boxes is brought nearer the fulcrum of the shuttle box frame
than heretofore, thus reducing the momentum at the swing of the lay.
The shuttle boxes are arranged within an independent frame in the lay,
and in connection with springs, whereby the boxes are allowed to yield
at the beat of the lay and avoid unnecessary jarring or vibration. The
cylinder boxes are operated by means of the jacquard apparatus, and
the lay shaft is automatically reversed when occasion requires either in
the absence of filling, or when the filling breaks, or for any other cause.
I provide the loom with mechanism for controlling and regulating the
tension of the warp at and by the beat of the lay, regardless of the
tension or the position of the vibrating bar or other device which guides
the warp from the yarn beam to the harnesses, and by which the delivery
of the warp is regulated..
These objects are effected as follows:-A lever is connected to a
vibrating bar, and to the lower end of the lever a weight is suspended by
a strap passing over a roller, which gives the required tension to the
warp. Attached to the lower end of the lever is a connecting rod, on
whose opposite end is formed a toothed rack which works in a grooved
stand; an adjustable shield is connected with the upper end of the said
stand, covering a portion of the teeth of the rack at each forward
motion of the lay, the rack by means of a pawl on the connecting rod
operates the lever, and through this the tension bar, and thus tightens
the warp at each beat of the lay. A connecting lever is slotted to the
stud of the pawl, and its opposite end is pivotted to the top end of another
lever, which swings upon a stud projecting from the frame. The lower
depending end of the last-named lever enters a slotted arm projecting
from the vertical shaft of the let off apparatus. Between the top end of

page_text: the said lever and its fulcrum. a spring is. connected, and the tension of
the spring is effected by securing its opposite end to some support on the
frame. The stud of the pawl operates the slotted lever, and when, the
warp becomes tightened and requires to be let off at each beat of the
lay the slotted lever operates the other lever in one direction and its lower
connection with the let-off. I use a yielding or elastic joint or jointed
connection where the filling fork is attached to the arm or stand which
carries it, whereby accidental breakage or injury to the fork is prevented
when removing. or replacing shuttles. or by other usual causes, and
whereby the action of the blow of the fork on the filling is considerably
softened. One or more tumbling fingers or filling guides or filling
tension holders are arranged upon the lay, or operated in connection
therewith and by the action of the lay, by which means the filling
can be passed in with the requisite degree of tension to form an
even selvage, and as the lay moves forward sufficient slack is had
in the filling to prevent undue shrinkage in the width of the fabric
during its formation. The lay has a double beat or beating action, and
I arrange a shuttle or shuttles to be carried or driven by a positive
movement, the lay: and the shuttle. being operated by separate and
independent mechanism working in unison with each other, as herein-
after described. For this purpose I use grooved cams arranged upon the
main shaft, and acting upon connecting rods.or levers slotted on the shaft
and connected with the lay, the cams being constructed with two eccentric
operating or pressing points and a depression between them. The burr
temple jaw has a forked stem, which produces a long slot to allow the
filling-not in immediate use to pass down on the side of the web. This
construction prevents entanglement.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 23rd February 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of August, in the year'
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
A 2

page_text: fifth year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Robert Lake, Her special
licenco that I, the said William Robert Lake, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Robert Lake,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," a communication to me from
abroad by Josiah Gates, of Lowell, Massachusetts, United States of
America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Robert Lake, my exccutors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Robert Lake, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings forming a part of this Specification :-
This Invention relates to looms designed for weaving carpeting,
matting, and other similar fabrics, and has for its objects to cheapen
and simplify the construction and arrangement of parts or elements to
economise in the cost of the loom and in wear and tear, and consequently
in the expense of repairs, to lessen the liability of breakage or displace-
ment of some of the parts, and to insure the certain and uniform
introduction of the filling and the clearing of the sheds, and to allow
the suspended filling threads or those not in immediate use when there
are several shuttles to pass down the side of the web and out of the way
of the filling forks.
In practising this Invention I use an arrangement of levers operating
both the trap boards and the journals. I employ sliding cylindrical
shuttle boxes, and in combination therewith I arrange devices for re-
volving the cylinder boxes during the ascending or descending movement
of the shuttle box frame. The arrangement of the cylinder boxes in

page_text: relation to the vertical sliding boxes is such that the weight of the
cylinder boxes is brought nearer the fulcrum of the shuttle box frame
than heretofore, thus reducing the momentum at the swing of the lay.
The shuttle boxes are arranged within an independent frame in the lay
and in connection with springs, whereby the boxes are allowed to yield
at the beat of the lay and avoid unnecessary jarring or vibration. The
cylinder boxes are operated by means of the jacquard, and the lay shaft.
is automatically reversed when occasion requires either in the absence
of filling or when the filling breaks or for any other cause. I provido
the loom with mechanism for controlling and regulating the tension of
the warp at and by the beat of the lay regardless of the tension or the
position of the vibrating bar or other device which guides the warp
from the yarn beam to the harnesses, and by which the delivery of the
warp is regulated. I use a yielding or elastic joint or jointed connection
where the filling fork is attached to the arm or stand which carries it,
whereby accidental breakage or injury to the fork is prevented when
removing or replacing shuttles or by other usual causes, and whereby
the action of the blow of the fork on the filling is considerably softened.
One or more tumbling fingers or filling guides or filling tension
holders are arranged upon the lay or operated in connection therewith
and by the action of the lay, by which means the filling can be passed
in with the requisite degree of tension to form an even selvage, and as
the lay moves forward sufficient slack is had in the filling to prevent
undue shrinkage in the width of the fabric during its formation.
The lay has a double beat or beating action, and I arrange a shuttle
or shuttles to be carried or driven by a positive movement, the lay and
the shuttle being operated by separate and independent mechanism
working in unison with each other as herein-after described. The burr
temple jaw has a forked stem which produces a long slot to allow the
filling not in immediato use to pass down on the side of the web. This
construction prevents entanglement.

page_text: Figures 3 and 4 represent opposite end elevations of the parts shown
in Figure 1.
Figures 5 and 6 represent opposite end elevations of the parts shewn
in Figure 2.
Figures 7 and 8 represent each a central transverse section, the former 5
of Figure 1, and the latter of Figure 2.
Figure 9 represents a plan of the shuttle box frame and the box
with parts broken away to show the shuttle box spring and binder
combined as in Figures 3 and 4.
Figure 10 represents a vertical section of the left hand shuttle box 10
frame as in Figure 1, looking toward the loom.
Figure 11 represents a vertical transverse section of the upper part
of the lay shewing the yielding grate for the filling fork as in the loom
shewn in Figures 1, 3, and 4.
.
Figure 12 is a side elevation of the under cam E seen in Figure 7. 1
Figure 13 represents a vertical transverse section of a part of the loom
on the line A¹, B¹, of Figure 1, and looking towards the right hand
end B...
Figure 14 represents a rear side elevation of the lower portion of the
loom inside of the shuttle boxes.
Figure 15 represents a rear side view of a portion of one end of the
loom shown in Figures 2, 5, 6, and 8, and the operating end of the
yarn beam head, the tension weight, the vibrating bar, and some other
parts.
2
Figures 16 and 17 represent opposite end elevations of that part of 2
the loom shewn in Figure 15, the former an outside and the latter an
inside elevation.
Figure 18 represents a rear side view of a portion of the lay showing
the grate and the filling fork, the latter as raised to allow the shuttle to
pass beneath it.
Figure 19 is an end view of the last described Figure, being a cross
section of the lay a little inside of the filling fork.
Figure 20 is a front side view of the parts shewn in the two pro-
viously described Figures, back of the breast beam, or after the latter
has been removed.
3

page_text: )
Figure 21 is a front view of the filling fork showing the adjustable
and elastic or yielding jointed connection which causes the fork to
automatically resume its position when temporarily displaced or swung
round by the moving shuttle.
Figure 22 also represents a front side view of the stand and the fork,
the latter as it appears after having been displaced beyond that point
where the power of the spring would return it to its position, and from
which position it should be replaced by the operator.
Figures 23, 24, and 25 are different elevations of the temple with the
peculiar construction and arrangement of parts herein described.
Figures 26 and 27 are each a front view of the central portion of the
lay, the latter after the breast beam has been removed, showing the
filling guide pin or rocking guide tension holder or tumbling finger
peculiar to this Invention.
Figure 28 represents a cross section of the breast beam and a finger
operating shield which when the loom is weaving fabric may be dis-
pensed with, the web of cloth serving to operate the finger before it
reaches the shield.
Figure 29 represents a cross section of the lay, the reed and its cap,
and the tumbling finger or guide and a pivotted counterbalance stand
which holds it in position to catch the filling after the shuttle has passed
the guide.
Figure 30 represents a plan or top view of the lay and the breast
beam with three several filling guides in different positions, showing.
also the direction of the filling from the selvage around such guide or
guides, and to the shuttle in a box at the end of the lay.
Figures 31 and 32 represent different elevations of the slotted lever
connected with the lay and slotted upon the shaft C and provided with
a roller a³ by which the cam H" operates the lay.
Figures 33 and 34 represent modifications of this Invention or different
means for connecting and operating the tumbling fingers or filling
tension guides without attaching them to the lay.
In Figures 1, 3, 4, 7, 9, to 14 inclusive, A and B represent the ends
of the main part of the frame of the loom; C represents the lay shaft
5 located, and sliding on this shaft C between and close to the ends A and
B are cams a and b, which operate the picker levers c and d as shewn
in Figuro 14. These cams a and b are provided with collars e and ƒ,

page_text: the collar working in the end of the lever g, which is pivoted at its
centre to the girts D, and the lower end of the said lover g connecting
with the index cam E which is attached to the end of the loom by a stud.
Connected with the top of the lever g is an adjustable rod i, the other
end of which connects with the arm h, the lower end of this arm & being
pivoted to the girt D, the other end connecting with the collar e on the
cam a. The index cam E is formed in three pieces, which are changeable
as shewn in Figure 12, the said pieces or parts being so formed that the
loom may
be changed to weave shot and shot about or plain by changing
the place of the picce F and placing it on the opposite side. A spur
wheel G is secured on the right hand end of the lay shaft C and a pinion
gear H on the left hand end of said shaft. On the extreme ends of the
-
and m which receive the
shaft C are arms j and k, having wrist pins
connecting rods n and o which connect with and operate the lay I. A
spur wheel J on the shaft K near the outside of the frame connects
with the pinion H on the lay shaft C. N represents a chain wheel secured
to the shaft K a little outside of the spur wheel J. The ends of the shaft
K are supported by stands L and M which form a part of the framework,
and a little inside of each of the outer bearings and on the said shaft
are cams O and P which operate the shuttle boxes p, p, and q, q, by
means of levers 8³, these levers being hinged at one end to the rods t
and u respectively, their opposite ends connecting with sliding rods v'
and w by link joints. These vertical rods operate in sockets x and y
secured to the lower shaft R which carries the lower ends of the
oscillating shuttle box frames S. The inner ends of the shafts R are
supported in bearings formed in the frame ends A, B, and their outer
ends in bearings or stands z, and this shaft R is the lay rocker shaft with
which the lower end of each sword a and b connect. The shuttle box
frames S are located at cach end of the lay I as usual, and the upper ends
of these frames pass through openings in the lay frame. Each of the
frames S contains a series of vertically operating or sliding shuttle boxes
p and also a series of cylinder shuttle boxes q, the cylinder boxes q
being located beneath the vertical boxes p; all of these shuttle boxes
are provided with spring shuttle binders C formed in one piece, which
serve a two-fold purpose, viz., to stop the shuttle with but little jar to
the filling, and to hold the filling firmly while in the boxes p and q.
One end of cach of these shuttle binders C is held firmly in a socket
by means of a set screw, the other end plays freely in a corresponding
socket, as fully shown in Figure 9. Both the sliding and revolving

page_text: shuttle boxes are caused to ascend and descend by means of connecting
rods d² which are furnished with adjustable springs *. Directly under
the back part of the lay I at each end thereof are horizontal girts ƒ³
attached to cach side of the shuttle box frames S. These girts opcrate
against the springs f¹ near their centres, the said springs being secured
to the projections g' on the back part of the lay the object of which is
to allow them to yield and thereby prevent the usual jarring at the beat
of the lay.
T is the cam shaft, which is supported in bearings near the top of the
› loom and beneath the jacquard. At the left hand end of the loom
a chain wheel U is secured to the extreme end of the shaft T directly
over or in the range of the chain wheel N, and the operating chain gª
passes around both of these wheels.
Between the frame ends A and B and secured to the shaft T aro
double cams h' and h³ which operate the trap boards ♬ and ☞ by means
of the levers, and and connecting rods . These levers and ♬
are connected with the journals 1, 2, 3, 4, by suitable rods, straps, or
chains, said journals are guided at each end by inward projecting
vertical flanges which are secured to or cast upon the inside of the
frame ends A and B and are furnished with weights 1. V² is the
frame of the jacquard in which the trap boards and operate above
the top of the loom. The levers j' and * are connected to the shafts
m³, and their outer ends are provided with studs which during the move-
ment of the levers engage with the rods ³ which are connected with
5 the trap boards at each end thereof. Levers m³ are secured to the inside
and near the bottom of the frame end A. Ono end of each of the said
levers connects with the trap boards i¹ and i³ or to the journals 1, 2, 3, 4,
by means of a cord, chain, or strap n' and, the other end being con-
nected in a similar manner to the opposite end of a cam lever n². This
O cam lever n³ is pivoted to an arm o³ projecting from the rear side of
the shuttle box frame S. Secured to the under side of the arm o¹ is a
spring o*, which presses against the irregular surfaces of the depending
.projection of the cam lever n³ as shown in Figure 10, the spring holds
the lever firmly in its different positions, which are here indicated by
5 dotted lines. P' is a forked hook connected to the lower part of each
shuttle box frame 8, the forked portions r¹ and 7 of these hooks connect
as occasion requires with the cogged or pin wheel P³ secured to one
end of each of the revolving boxes q, and after said boxes are operated
upon by the hooks they are held in position by the hammers q¹ aided

page_text: by the springs q². This forked hook P' is connected near the junction
of the forks r¹ and by a stud and arm S³ to the cam lever π². The
positive take up motion as shown in the usual device consisting of
pressure rolls S' operated from the shaft K by bevil gear wheels, & diagonal
shaft, worm and worm wheels and spur wheels u¹, u³, and v. The
cloth roll is operated in the usual way by a pawl attached to the sword
6 of the lay I operating the ratchet at every beat of the lay which
operates the cloth roll by means of the intermediate gear wheels, thus
winding the fabric as fast as woven. The general operations of the
loom and many of the devices represented in the Drawings are similar
to those of ordinary power looms.
Such is the perfection required in weaving carpets and other figured
fabrics that where the filling thread is disconnected in the warp in what-
ever location, either by its being broken or exhausted from the shuttle,
the succeeding thread of filling must be commenced in the same location
of the warp where the end of the last thread was left. This object is
accomplished by means of the treadle lever 10³ hung or hinged to the
lower shaft R at the right hand end of the loom; one end of this treadle
lever to connects with the pawl x¹ which operates the ratchet G
giving the lay I and parts connected therewith a backward movement.
Ordinary filling forks are usually so rigid that they are often destructive
to the filling thread, breaking or cutting it at the point where the action
of the fork comes in contact with it. This difficulty is obviated by
adding to the fork b³ a yielding grate a³, as clearly shown in Figure 11.
The other parts which connect the grate as with the shipper c³ as repre-
sented in the different Figures of the Drawings are the same as those
now in common use. The grate a³ not only yields and eases the action
of the fork ³, but entirely prevents the cutting and breaking of the
thread at this point.
In the common arrangement of the revolving and vertically sliding
shuttle boxes, the revolving boxes are placed so far from the fulcrum
of the lay shaft that the momentum when passing the dead points of
the crank is so great owing to the weight of the parts as to produce
great strain, requiring an unnecessary waste of power. This difficulty
is obviated to a great extent by locating the centre of the revolving a
boxes q as near as possible to the fulcrum of the lay I, viz., under the
sliding shuttle boxes p when at their greatest elevation, and by this
arrangement I greatly decrease the momentum of the lay. The spring

page_text: binder C is formed of a single piece of steel, whereby its weight is
lessened, this also has a tendency to decrease the momentum of the
boxes.
The index cam E in Figure 12 is arranged for what is termed plain
weaving, and during one revolution operates the picker levers c and d
eight times. First the picker lever c is operated upon twice in succession,
then by aid of the adjustable rod i the picker lever d is operated twice;
and so on alternately; but for weaving shot about the section F of the
cam E is placed on the opposite side and the lever c is then operated
upon three times in succession, then the lever d twice, thence back to
the lever c once, then the lever d twice, thus making eight irregular
throws while the cam E makes one revolution and the operations in
both of these cases are in harmony with the other motions of the
loom. The arrangement and construction of this index cam E obviates
the necessity of using an entirely new cam for either of the above
changes, or an extra number of surplus pieces as are now in common use.
In weaving carpets the first and second journals contain white warp,
the third and fourth colored warp, the knot cords operating the same
passing through the trap boards and of the jacquard V², to which
are secured the harnesses, these journals being connected with the trap
boards by the levers and .
The operation of this loom is as follows:-The first or white journal
and the back board in the jacquard Vs rise together at the same time;
a portion of the harness contained in the third and fourth journals is
raised, carrying up such portions of the coloured warp as is required to
form the figures. Then while the first journal and the back board are
descending the third journal and front board * rise together at the same
time, carrying up portions of the harness contained in the first and
second journals, thus carrying up a portion of the white warp, which
forms other parts of the figure. Then, while the third journal and front
board are descending, the second journal and back board rise
together, carrying up again such portions of the colored warp con-
tained in the third and fourth journals as the figure or pattern requires.
This operation is repeated and continued through the entire web, which
constitutes the process of ingrain carpet weaving. This arrangement
of connecting the trap boards and with the journals 1, 2, 3,
and 4 by means of the levers ♬ and ♬ makes the action more direct,
simplifying the same.

page_text: In order to produce the change which the jacquard V* requires in the
cylinder boxes q the cam lever ³ transfers the action from the jacquard V*
to the cylinder boxes a through the connecting devices, thus revolving
the cylinder boxes q by the action of all the boxes either in their
ascending or descending movement. Thus while the vertical boxes p
are making their regular changes (being operated by the cams O and P)
the cylinder boxes q at the same time are making their necessary
changes when required by the movement of the vertical boxes P aided
by the cam lever n³, which engages the forked hooks r¹ and 2 with the
pin or cogged wheel p on either side as demanded by the jacquard V,
which action, with the ascending or descending movement of the
vertical boxes p, leaves the top cylinder box in a proper range to be
used. Morcover this arrangement obviates the necessity of skipping
over boxes, as would be the case if all the boxes were vertical sliding
boxes. The object of the vertical sliding and the cylinder boxes
and q
applied and operated in connection with each other is that one or more
of the boxes p may be used in one or more plics of the cloth, while the
cylinder boxes q are in all cases reserved for the shading of one ply, thus
simplifying the working parts at this point, as there are no extra cams
and levers applied for this purpose, consequently requiring less power to
operate the same, and the parts are less liable to get out of repair.
P
In the construction, application, and use of the said improvements as
shewn in Figures 2, 5, 6, 8, 15 to 34 inclusive, the framework A and B,
the shaft K, which is the cam shaft, the main shaft C or lay shaft, and
the lay are similar in many respects to those previously described, but,
as previously stated there is an apparatus or combination of mechanism
for controlling and regulating the tension of the warp at and by the
beat of the lay; and this combination of mechanism consists of a
lever a* connected to the vibrating bar 6, and to the lower end of the
lever a weight d' is suspended by a strap f³ passing over a roller g³,
which gives the required tension to the warp. Attached to the lower
end of the lever a' is a connecting rod ³, on whose opposite end is
formed a toothed rack m³, which works in a grooved stand p³, and an
adjustable shield c is connected with the upper end of the said stand,
covering a portion of the teeth of the rack. At each backward motion
of the lay the acting end of the pawl k is released from contact with
the rack by rising upon the shield, and at each forward motion of the
lay the pawl is drawn from the adjustable shield and allowed to engage

page_text: with the rack and give it a forward motion, which by means of the
connecting rod ³ operates the lever a, and through this the tension
bar b', and thus tightens the warp at each beat of the lay. The shield
may be made adjustable by any well known mechanical means and
movable forward and backward, so as to expose a requisite number of
the teeth of the rack to the action of the pawl, and thereby increase or
diminish the motion of the operating parts and of the vibrating bar, as
the pattern or texture of the fabric may require. A connecting lever q*
is slotted to the stud of the pawl, and its opposite end is pivotted to the
top end of a lever e³, which swings upon a stud projecting from the
girt A¹ of the frame. The lower depending end of the last-named lever
enters a slotted arm c³ projecting from the vertical shaft of the let-off
apparatus, as usual. Between the top end of the lever e³ and its fulcrum.
a spring a' is connected, and the tension of the spring is effected by.
securing its opposite end to some support on the frame. The stud or
pivot of the pawl * operates the slotted lever q³, and when the warp
becomes tightened and requires to be let off at each beat of the lay the
slotted lever q' receives a positive forward motion, which operates the
levere in one direction and its lower connection with the let-off. The
spring a carries the lever q³ and its connection backward as far as the
tension of the warp will allow, and this tension of the warp controls the
position of the stud 4° projecting from the side of the connecting rod /*
by its draft upon the vibrating bar which operates the lever a' and the
connecting rod, and this regulates the degree of action of the lever q³
and its connections. This connection of the two separate mechanisms
last above described governs the delivery of warp, each mechanism
performing its separate function, and both operating in connection, as
described.
That part of this Invention which relates to the filling forks consists
in the yielding or elastic joint or jointed connection, the parts being
constructed, applied, and rendered operative, as clearly shown in Figures
18 to 22 inclusive, wherein the stand D' which carries the fork 6 and
the latter are connected by a bolt having a spring between the nut
and the stand to give the fork its yielding action, the fork being other-
wise held in position by a rising lip or tongue c³ thereon fitting into a
groove in the lower side of the stand. If a shuttle or other object strikes

page_text: Interally, but immediately returns to its proper position by the bevelled
or inclined edges of the tongue and groove sliding together. The fork is
capable of yielding and moving in any direction when force is exerted
against it, and if only ordinary force is exerted it readily returns to its
proper position.
That part of the said Invention which relates to the tumbling fingers
or filling tension guides consists of one or more rocking stands aº, cach
provided with a rising finger or guide c' and pivotted to the front of the
lay sill or to an car on the top of two rocking levers G' operated by the
swords of the lay or by projecting studs c³ and by a spring G³, as clearly
shown in Figures 33 and 34, the lay swords and the stud giving one
motion, and the spring the opposite motion. This last described mecha-
nism is a modification of this Invention and an obvious substitute or
equivalent means for connecting and operating the filling tension guide
or guides c³, each of which may be set at any reasonable distance from
the temples, and if only one is used this is set at the centre of the lay.
The operation of the tumbling finger or fingers is as follows:-When
the lay recedes each stand a swings upon its pivot by the weight of the
stand, which brings the finger c³ into a vertical position and ready for
the passage of the shuttle between it and the reed, which shuttle carries
the filling from its eye back of the finger, and holds it at any desired
anglo from the selvage to the finger, and from this in a line nearly
parallel with the line of the lay, thus holding the filling in the proper
line to be acted upon by the filling forks, the filling being drawn by the
shuttle at any desired tension to form an even selvage on the fabric.
As the lay moves forward the filling becomes slackened by the change of
the angle at which it was held, and at the same time the finger passes
under and in contact with the shield & or with the woven fabric, and is
withdrawn from the web and released from the filling, thus relieving the
reed and especially the temples from the usual great lateral strain
thereon, and forming the fabric nearly or quite the entire width of the
warp. The direction and the angle of the filling 8 from the selvage to
and around the finger or fingers are clearly shown in Figure 30. When
it is desired to weave the fabric the full width of the warp the fingers
are arranged one at each side of the warp and near the selvage.
That part of this Invention relating to the repeating lay and the
positive motion shuttle has reference to the combination of these
operating mechanism and to the mechanism which produces the double

page_text: beat or repeating action, the latter consisting of certain grooved cams H*
constructed as shown and arranged upon the main shaft C and acting
upon connecting rods or levers I slotted on the shaft and connected
with the lay, the cams being constructed with two eccentric operating or
pressing points and a depression I between them. At each revolution
of the shaft C and the cams the two eccentric points of each cam act
alternately upon the roll g* of the slotted level I', which produce the
double beat or repeating action of the lay. Either of the eccentric or
operating points of the cams H³ may be varied and one extend
beyond the other to produce one full beat and one partial beat, which in
some cases may be preferable, as the repeating action is intended for.
clearing the sheds and for more thoroughly beating up the filling, and
by giving the second beat the greater amount of force or a more forcible
blow I produce a fabric more firm and of a closer texture, since the
second beat of the lay takes place on the cross shade or as the new shade
is formed.
The other part of the combination herein-before referred to consists of
two quadrangular grooved cams M³ constructed as shown and arranged
upon the cam shaft K at opposite ends of the loom. Each cam M*
operates a lever N³ pivotted to the rear side of the loom, and extending
forward to nearly under the shuttle box, where a link P³ is connected.
The lower end of this link is attached to an arm'd' projecting from the
lower end of the picker staff R³, and the top end of the staff is loosely.
united with a link d³, which is pivotted to and traverses the shuttle
driver or carrier S'. On the cam shaft K are other two cams T having
opposite horns h*, which operate each a curved lever U¹ pivotted at 3 to
the frame. The upper end 5 of each lever U' extends forward over the
shuttle driver and over the outer end of the lever g' of the hook, which
draws the shuttle at the time the two drivers are nearest together and
the shuttle is being changed from one to the other. The cams Tª are set
in opposite directions, so that when one is vertical the other is horizontal
so as to operate the curved levers U₁ alternately for the alternate
depression of the shuttle hook levers g' as the hooks alternately release
and engage with the shuttle and carry or draw it through the web.
I am aware that a repeating motion has been imparted to a loom lay
by a toggle joint, but in such a case both beats are equal and not
susceptible of variation, but the employment of the cam II' having
eccentric points, which may be varied when constructing the cam, will

page_text: be found preferable to other means for the purpose described. I am also
aware that other means than those described for giving the shuttle a
positive motion may be employed, but those hercin specified are simple
and well adapted for use, especially in connection with a lay having a
double beat or repeating motion. This combination of a double beating
lay and a positive motion shuttle are for the special purpose of weaving
coarse heavy fibrous materials, such as rattan, matting, and other long
coarse fibrous substances used for such purposes, and several shuttles
may be used by applying additional boxes or by changing the shuttles
by hand.
By reference to Figure 25 it will be seen that in the construction of
the temple a long open slot B' is produced between the burr g' and the
connection g of the forked portions. This long slot allows the filling or
any loose ends which are out of action to pass downward and forward
with the fabric, which prevents their being entangled by the beat of the
lay or carried into the warp by the filling in action. This peculiar
temple is of great importance in this loom, for when several shuttles are
used and changed by hand or by power it is necessary that the filling
threads out of action shall pass down unobstructedly in direct com-
munication with the selvage of the woven fabric, and be ready to be
brought into action without liability to entanglement.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to
mo by my foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I claim,—
First. The levers j', j³, combined with and operating both of the trap
boards and the journals, substantially as described.
Second. The combination with the sliding cylindrical boxes of the
stationary double-hooked pawl and lever n³ controlled by the jacquard
for revolving such boxes, substantially as described.
Third. The vertical and cylindrical boxes p and 9, substantially as
described when arranged and operating with the lay as and for the
purposes set forth.
Fourth. The lay and its springs F' in combination with the shuttle
box frame S arranged within the openings of the lay I for lessening the
jarring of the boxes by the movement of the lay, as specified.
Fifth. The combination substantially as described of the rack m³, the
pawl k³, and the shield c' with the connecting rod ³, the lever a', and

page_text: the vibrating bar b', all constructed, arranged, and operating sub-
stantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
Sixth. In combination with the vibrator 6' and rod a' and the let off
mechanism the rod A³ having the rack m³ and stud 4° with the levers q³
and e* actuated by the lay, the pawl **, and shield c:
Seventh. The elastic or yielding jointed connection of the filling fork
with the stand which carries it for the purpose and in the manner
described.
Eighth. The combination substantially as described of the lay re-
peating mechanism with the mechanism which produces a positive
movement of the shuttle for the purpose and in the manner set forth.
Ninth. The burr temple stand constructed as described with a long
open slot B³ between the forked portions for the purpose and in the
manner set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of February, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
two.
Witness,
EDWARD CLARK JACKSON.
W. ROBT. LAKE. (L.S.)