סטט of Cutting and Sawing Marble or Stone of Different Kinds.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 21st May, 1887.
Complete Left, 29th June, 1887.
Comolete Accepted, 29th July, 1887.
143
סטט
of Cutting and Sawing Marble or Stone of Different Kinds.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co., Patent Agents and Engineers,
of 35, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It is well known that sand, consisting of fine, hard, and bright crystals of irregular
polyhedral form, is the principal agent used in cutting or grinding away the stone by
the rubbing action of blades or saws, and the present invention consists of a novel
system of blades, made and operating so that they produce a rapid and continuous
displacement of the sand under the rubbing action of the blades or saws.
This result is obtained by means of an improved system of constructing the blades
in the following manner.
Grooves are formed upon both sides of the blade the shape of the grooves in section
shewing small figures the dimensions of which may be varied, so that they form either
small squares or small triangles.
These grooves are made upon both sides of the blade so that they alternate with
each other. This is necessary in order to prevent the blades from being injured or
weakened. For the same reason, the grooves are not continued upon the part at the
top of the blade, which in practice serves only to strengthen the lower part which is
more or less weakened by the grooves.
The grooves may be either at right angles to the edge of the blade or they may be
inclined. The grooves upon one face alternate with the grooves upon the opposite
face, and the several grooves may be arranged alternately in opposite directions so as
to form zigzags, the upper part of the blade being left plain.
The dimensions and shape of the grooves may be varied as desired. By being
formed in opposite directions they more easily retain the sand alternately in the
backward and forward movements of the saw.

page_text: In another form the blade is pierced with a large number of small holes the diameter
of which as well as their distance apart may be varied and which as the blade wears
form spaces to receive and carry the sand with the saw.
The holes may be made of any shape, square, triangular, rectangular, or slots, in
any case made completely through the blade, so that as the latter wears it will con-
tinue to retain the sand in its movement backward and forward. The position of the
triangular or other holes is preferably arranged so that they are not in line with one
another longitudinally, the uniform wear of the blade being thus ensured. The holes,
whatever their shape, may be made when the blade is rolled, or by subsequently
piercing them.
The angles of the grooves or ribs first described may be made rounded instead of
sharp, so that the blade in section is of a more or less undulating shape.
The different systems described for blades or saws are used and applied for the
same purpose, that is to say, the cutting and sawing of stone, rock, and marble, either
in the quarry or in the sawmill, and these blades or saws of different kinds may be
made of iron, steel, or any other metal.
The improved system of blades possesses the following advantages:-In the system
of blades and saws ordinarily known and used the sand instead of always having a
direct action upon the stone, is itself in part crushed and worn without effect by the
action of the blades, which having a smooth surface without roughnesses or cavities
and sliding easily and freely over the sand without rolling or displacing the latter,
only operate by pressure and by a friction relatively slight, whilst in the improved
systems described on the other hand the holes, ribs, and grooves, in the blades present
as many spaces in which the sand collects and is moved with the saw, the particles
rolling over upon themselves during the backward and forward movement of the
blades, and thus effecting a more rapid wearing away of the stone.
Experience shows that the economy obtained is more than forty per cent. in the
cost of sawing even after having regard to the difference in cost of the new blades.
The blades may be rolled in the ordinary way with the holes, grooves, or ribs, by
means of special cylinders in the ironworks and rolling mills.
Dated this 01st dow of Man 1807

page_text: A communication to me from abroad by LOUIS MAUDOUX, Manufacturer,
of Philippeville, in the Kingdom of Belgium.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co., Patent Agents and Engineers,
of 35 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement and
accompanying drawing (that is to say) :-
:-
It is well known that sand, consisting of fine, hard, and bright crystals of irregular
polyhedric form, is the principal agent used in cutting or grinding away the stone by
the rubbing action of blades or saws; and the present invention consists of a novel
system of blades, made and operating so that they produce a rapid and continuous
displacement of the sand, under the rubbing action of the blades or saws.
This result is obtained by means of the system of blades represented in the
accompanying drawing, which is in illustration of the invention.
Figure 1 represents a transverse horizontal section of a blade when working;
figure 2 shews a front view; grooves being formed upon both sides of the blade
and shewing in section (figure 1) small rectangular figures, the dimensions of which may
be varied, so that either small squares are obtained as shewn in figure 3, or small
triangles as shewn in figure 4.
By observing both sides of the blade, it will be seen that the grooves alternate with
each other. This is necessary in order to prevent the blades from being injured or
weakened. For the same reason, the grooves are not continued upon the part E, S,
at the top of the blade, which in practice serves only to strengthen the lower part
which is more or less weakened or reduced by the grooves. Figure 5 shews a trans-
verse section (as in figure 1), and figure 6 a front view of a form of blade in which
the grooves are inclined instead of perpendicular to the edge. The groove a is made
upon one face, and the groove 6 upon the opposite face, the several grooves being
arranged alternately, as shewn in figure 6, and they are not made upon the upper
part E, S.
The dimensions and shape of the grooves may be varied, as shown in figures 3
and 4.
Figure 7 is a transverse section, and figure 8 a front view, of a blade having a
series of grooves and ribs the dimensions of which, as well as their form, may also be
varied. As in figure 1, they are made upon both faces, and are arranged alternately,
for the same reason.
Figures 9 to 17 shew front views of blades the novelty of which consists in their
being pierced with a large number of small holes, the diameter of which as well
as their distance apart may be varied, and which as the blade wears form auto-
matically spaces to receive and carry the sand in the backward and movement
of the saw.

page_text: The position of the triangle shewn in figure 10 is particularly adapted, like the
round holes in figure 9, to form small chambers or receivers which collect the sand and
distribute it over the other parts of the blade as the latter works backward and forward.
The square, rectangular, and other shaped holes, shewn in the different figures,
may be made upon one or both sides of the blade without passing completely through
the latter, or only partly perforating it, forming therefore hollows or depressions,
terminating at the bottom either in a point or in any other shaped figure, and such
depressions will act in the same way as the grooves first described.
The different forms described and shewn for blades or saws are used and applied
for the same purpose, that is to say the cutting and sawing of stone, rock, and marble,
either in the quarry or in the sawmill; and these blades or saws of different kinds
may be made of iron, steel, or other suitable metal. They may be driven by the same
power and machinery, frames, &c. as the saws ordinarily used, and may be substituted
for the latter without trouble or difficulty.
་
The improved system of blades possesses the following advantages:-In the system
of blades and saws ordinarily known and used the sand instead of always having a
direct action upon the stone is itself in part crushed and worn without useful effect,
by the action of the blades, which having a smooth surface without roughnesses or
cavities, and sliding easily and freely over the sand without rolling or displacing the
latter, only operate by pressure and by a friction relatively slight; whilst on the
other hand in the improved systems described and shewn, the holes, ribs, and grooves,
in the blades present as many spaces in which the sand collects and is moved with the
saw, the particles rolling over upon themselves during the backward and forward
movement of the blades, and thus effecting a more rapid wearing away of the stone.
Experience shews that the economy obtained is more than forty per cent. in the cost
of sawing even after havsng regard to the difference in cost of the new blades.
The blades may be rolled in the ordinary way, with the holes, grooves, or ribs, by
means of special cylinders or rolls, punching, or other machinery, in the ironworks or
rolling mills.
The invention consists, therefore, of an improved system of blades or saws, having-
(1) Grooves or ribs (as shewn in figures 1 to 9) of any desired width, distance apart,
depth, and shape, and arranged in any desired manner whether straight, curved, per-
pendicular, or inclined :-(2) the holes (figures 9 to 17) of any desired diameter and
number, shape, size, and arrangement :-(3) recesses or depressions in the sides of the
saw blades as described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. Blades or saws having grooves, ribs, or undulations, formed and arranged
substantially in the manner and for the purposes described and shewn.
2. Blades or saws having holes through them substantially as and for the purpose
described and shewn.
3. Blades or saws having recesses or depressions in their sides, substantially as and
for the purpose described and shewn.
4. Blades or saws so formed at their sides that their transverse section does not
form a simple rectangular geometrical figure, substantially as herein described
and shewn.
Dated this 20th day of June 1987