IMPROVED APPLIANCES FOR ROCK BORING MACHINES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Urwin of Scotswood on Tyne in the County of
Northumberland, Engineer for an invention of IMPROVED APPLIANCES FOR
ROCK BORING MACHINES.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Urwin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th May 1882.
JOHN URWIN of Scotswood on Tyne in the County of Northumberland Engineer
"IMPROVED APPLIANCES FOR ROCK BORING MACHINES
"
My invention relates to improvements in drills and their actuating mechanism
for boring machines, for the perforation of rock, coal or any other mineral and
consists of an improved ratchet brace, working in connection with a boring machine
of the ordinary construction. Also of an improved drill to work with or without
the said improved ratchet brace.
The boring machine fitted with improved appliances is specially adapted for
perforating coal or shale in mines where it is necessary to have the perforation
close to the roof of the "seam" and where there is not sufficient space to apply
the motive power on the outer end of the machine. The improved ratchet brace is
worked by two levers (each acting on catches by springs) and operated together so
as to give continuous (or nearly continuous) action to the drill, and so constructed
as to allow the levers to be readily detached from the ratchet box or coupling when
the boring is completed.
The improved drill consists of a plain bar, of any section with cutters formed
upon, or attached along, its sides at any required distance or angle (to suit the
nature of the material to be perforated) also of a cutter attached to the front
end of the drill bar which can be replaced when worn or when required to be
sharpened.
By this application of the power the strain on the whole machine (but especially
on the drill spindle) is materially lessened as, instead of having the motive power
applied to outer end of the driving spindle, the said power is applied at a point
nearer the work of the drill thus reducing the torsion on the spindle.
By this construction of the boring machine a great saving in expense is effected
as it is only necessary to renew the cutters (instead of the whole drill) the
friction is considerably reduced and in the action of the drill the debris is
caused to be withdrawn from the hole without choking the drill (as in the
case of the ordinary method of boring with the twist drill) especially in soft or
moist strata,

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Urwin in the Great Seal Patent Office on
11th November 1882.
the
JOHN URWIN of Scotswood on Tyne in the County of Northumberland Engineer
IMPROVED APPLIANCES FOR ROCK BORING MACHINES
My Invention relates to improvements in drills and their actuating mechanism
for boring machines, for the perforation of rock, coal or any other mineral and
consists of an improved ratchet brace, working in connection with a boring
machine of the ordinary construction. Also of an improved drill to work with or
without the said improved ratchet brace. The boring machine fitted with improved
appliances is specially adapted for perforating coal or shale in mines where it
" and where
is necessary to have the perforation close to the roof of the "seam
there is not sufficient space to apply the motive power on the outer end of the
machine.
The improved ratchet brace is worked by two levers each acting on catches by
springs and operated together so as to give continuous (or [nearly continuous)
action to the drill and so constructed as to allow the levers to be readily detached
from the ratchet box or coupling when the boring is completed.
The improved drill consists of a plain bar of any section, with cutters formed
upon, or attached along its sides at any required distance or angle (to suit the
nature of the material to be perforated) also of a cutter attached to the front
end of the drill bar which can be replaced when worn or when required to be
sharpened.
By this application of the power the strain on the whole machine (but especially
on the drill spindle) is materially lessened as, instead of having the motive power
applied to outer end of the driving spindle, the said power is applied at a point
nearer the work of the drill thus reducing the torsion on the spindle.
By this construction of the boring machine a great saving in expense is effected
as it is only Decessary to renew the cutters (instead of the whole drill) the
friction is considerably reduced and in the action of the drill the débris is
caused to be withdrawn from the hole without choking the drill (as in the
case of the ordinary method of boring with the twist drill) especially in soft or
moist strata.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1. Shews a side elevation of a boring machine constructed according to
my invention. Figure 2. an end view of same and Figure 3 is a plan of the gear.
The machine is here shewn ready for commencing to perforate the face the cutter
just on the point of entering. A is the frame or standard adjustable between the
roof and floor of the working place. B is the trunnion nut (carried in Sliding
brackets C. C. adjustable on the Standard A) in which the feeding screw D works.
These brackets are shewn on drawing with the bearings for trunnion nut projecting
backward from Standard but they are preferably fitted to project from front side
so that the thrust of the nut is against the standard E is a coupling socket which
receives the square ends of the feeding Screw D and of the drill F. Upon each
end of this socket is formed a toothed circle upon which work the two hand ratchet
levers G G. Figure 4. shews the two ratchets G G in their relative positions
when being worked. The drill F as is shewn on Figures 1 and 5 instead of being
formed with a continuous thread has teeth H H, either formed solid with or

page_text: inserted into it, which teeth foro portions of a thread, the pitch of which is made
to suit the material to be worked. The cutter K. Figures 1 and 5 instead of being
formed solid on the Drill is fitted into a Socket in which it can only turn with the
drill and is firmly held when at work
The operation of the Machine is as follows:-
Being fixed as shewn the Ratchets are operated alternately by the driller so that
when one is making the working stroke the other is returning for a fresh hold of
the coupling to which a continuous or nearly continuous rotation is given and the
feed Screw travels forward in the trunnion nut forcing the drill cutter into the
material. As soon as the hole is commenced the teeth upon the drill, by the angle
at which they are set, withdraw and expel the débris formed by the cutter no
choking of the hole taking place in the softest material. The hole being perforated
to the full length of the drill it is drawn out and a longer drill applied the running
back of the feed Screw in the nut being avoided by lifting the nut out of the
brackets on Standard and turning it end for end when work can be again started.
When a cutter requires to be changed it is knocked out of the socket in end of drill
and another replaces it immediately. By the shape of the jaws of the Ratchet
levers it will be seen that they can be applied to the coupling socket when the drill
is working either close up to the roof or close down to the floor.
The point at which the power is applied prevents twisting or bending the drill
or screw and enables work to be done in situations where space is too limited to
allow the driller to stand outside the Standard.
Having now fully described my Invention and illustrated the mode in which I
propose to carry it into practical application (although I do not restrict myself to
the precise details) I declare what I consider novel and claim as secured to me
by Letters Patent to be.
First. In hand boring machines the application of the manual power at a point
between the Standard or fulcrum of the machine and the material to be bored
substantially as shewn and described.
Second. The application to hand boring machines of two Ratchets operating
alternately so as to produce practically continuous rotation of the drill substantially
as shewn and described.
Third. The construction of drills for boring machines with teeth forming portions
of a Screw thread and having removeable cutters fitted and secured in their front
end substantially as shewn and described.
In witness whereof I the said John Urwin have hereunto set my hand and
seal this ninth day of November in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.
Witness:
T. J. DANSON F. Inst. P. A.
Consulting Engineer & Patent Agent
Newcastle-on-Tyne
JOHN URWIN. (L.S.)