Year: 1894

page_text: I, WILLY WALLACH, Manufacturer, of 91, Rue Lafayette, Paris, France do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements connected with brushes generally, but
more particularly applicable to a finer class of brushes such as tooth-brushes, nail-
brushes and other like brushes for personal use, and they consist broadly speaking
in a brush constituted essentially by a hollow case or outer shell of pyroxiline or
nitro-cellulose compound, which is subsequently filled for the purpose of giving it
consistency and strength.
By way of example, I have selected a tooth-brush as illustrative of one of
the kinds of brushes which can best be produced in accordance with my
improvements.
In the annexed drawing,
Fig. 1 shows, partly in section, a piece or tube of pyroxiline or nitro-cellulose
compound to be employed in producing a tooth-brush blank.
Fig. 2 shows the said piece in section after it has been moulded into a
blank.
Fig. 3 shows the finished brush, in section.
Fig. 4 is a side view of Fig. 3, partly broken, and
Fig. 5 is a detached view of one kind of filling for the said brush.
The piece or tube a, Fig. 1, of celluloid or nitro-cellulose compound is converted
into a blank b, Fig. 2, by the known process of moulding celluloid, consisting,
broadly speaking, in placing the tube into a mould and in subjecting it internally
to the action, first, of a heating medium, and second, of a cooling medium, whereby
the said tube is moulded.
The blank b, whether produced as above mentioned or in any other known way,
then requires to be filled and completed. The shank or handle portion can be
filled with any suitable powdered material compressed or not, whether wet or dry,
and capable of giving consistency and resistance to the article, such for instance
as a mixture of plaster of Paris and water. The head portion is best filled
with a piece of some hard material into which the bristles can be secured, as
usual.
1, however, prefer to fill the blank a as shown by way of an example, in the
annexed drawing. The ends of the blank are cut off on the plane shown by the
dotted lines c, c, and the head end of the blank is opened so as to enable the intro-
duction of the filling thereinto. A filling is formed of a piece of bone d, Fig. 5,
and a stem of any suitable metal e, rigidly united by a metallic sleeve for other-
wise, and is then introduced into the blank in such a manner that the bone
Do

page_text: portion d completely fills out the head of the blank, whilst a space is left between
the stem e and the handle of the blank. The filling having been introduced, the
article is turned upside down, as compared with Fig. 3, and a suitable liquid or
other filling is run into the space left between and e, after which the end of the
blank badjacent to the end of the stem e is closed up and finished in the way
well known to those skilled in the art of working celluloid.
The next operation consists in attaching the bristles or ha'r to the head of the
brush. For this purpose, the ordinary method or any other suitable method may
be used.
In the annexed drawing, I have shown the employment of the means usually
resorted to for that purpose. Sets of parallel channels 9 are bored longitudinally
along one face of the bone filling d, while leaving the inner face of the head of
the blank intact. Sets of holes i, for the reception of the tufts ; are drilled
through the face k of the head of the blank and also through the filling d, the said
holes i issuing into the channels 9. The means of introduction and securing the
tuftsj is well known and needs no description.
The only operation to be performed is to close up the remaining unclosed
end of the blank b. This is effected by covering up the end of the bone d
with a piece of celluloid and by cementing the joint as is well known to those
skilled in the art. The brush is then ready to be polished and otherwise
finished.
I wish it to be understood that, while I have mentioned pyroxiline or nitro-
cellulose compounds as being the material which is used for forming the outer shell
or case, any other equivalent plastic material or any other material capable of
being moulded can be used.
I, WILLY WALLACH, of 91 Rue Lafayette, Paris, France, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statenient :-
My invention relates to improvements connected with brushes generally, but
more particularly applicable to a finer class of brushes such as tooth-brushes, nail-
brushes and other like brushes for personal use, and they consist, broadly speaking,
in a brush constituted essentially by a hollow case or other shell of pyroxiline or
nitro-cellulose compound, which is subsequently filled for the purpose of giving it
consistency and strength.
By way of example, I have selected a tooth-brush as illustrative of one of
the kinds of brushes which can best be produced in accordance with my
improvements.
In the drawing annexed to my Provisional Specification and to which I now
refer,
Fig. 1 shows, partly in section, a piece or tube of pyroxiline or nitro-cellulose
compound to be employed in producing a tooth-brush blank.
Fig. 2 shows the said piece in section after it has been moulded into a
blank.
Fig. 3 shows the finished brush, in section.

page_text: Fig. 4 is a side view of Fig. 3, partly broken, and
Fig. 5 is a detached view of one kind of filling for the said brush.
The piece or tube a, Fig. 1, of celluloid or nitro-cellulose compound is converted
into a blank b, Fig. 2, by the known process of moulding celluloid, consisting,
broadly speaking, in placing the tube into a mould and in subjecting it internally to
the action first, of a heating medium, and, second, of a cooling medium, whereby
the said tube is moulded.
Such process, which is well known and is universally employed both on the
Continent and in the United States of America, is clearly described in the
British Letters Patent granted to William Robert Lake (as a communication
from W. B. Carpenter) under No. 431, of February 1, 1881, for an "Improved
process and apparatus for moulding hollow articles of celluloid or similar plastic
material."
The blank, whether produced as above mentioned or in any other known way,
then requires to be filled and completed. The shank or handle portion can be
filled with any suitable powdered material, compressed or not, wet or dry, and
capable of giving consistency and resistance to the article, such for instance
as a mixture of plaster of Paris and water. The head portion is best filled
with a piece of some hard material into which the bristles can be secured, as
usual.
I, however, prefer to fill the blank a as shown, by way of example, in the
drawing referred to. The ends of the blank are cut off on the plane shown by the
dotted lines c, c, Fig. 2, and the head end of the blank is opened so as to enable
the introduction of the filling thereinto. A filling is formed of a piece of bone d,
Fig. 5, and a stem of any suitable metal e rigidly united by a metallic sleeve for
otherwise, and is then introduced into the blank b in such a manner that the bone
portion d completely fills out the head of the blank, whilst a space is left between
the stem e and the handle of the blank. The filling having been introduced, the
article is turned upside down, as compared with Fig. 3, and a suitable compound or
other filling is run into the space left between band e, after which the end of the
blank b, adjacent to the end of the stem e is closed up and finished in the way well
known to those skilled in the art of working celluloid.
The next operation consists in attaching the bristles or hair to the head of the
brush. For this purpose, the ordinary method or any other suitable method may
be used.
In the drawing referred to, I have shown the employment of the means usually
resorted to for the purpose. Sets of parallel channels 9 are bored longitudinally
along the one face of the bone filling d, while leaving the inner face / of the head
of the blank b intact. Sets of holes i, for the reception of the tufts j, are drilled
through the face k of the head of the blank and also through the filling d, the said
holes issuing into the channels y. The means of introducing and securing the
tufts is well known and needs no description.
The only operation to be performed is to close up the remaining unclosed
end of the blank b. This is effected by covering up the end of the bone d
with a piece of celluloid and by cementing the joint as is well known to those
skilled in the art. The brush is then ready to be polished and otherwise
finished.
I wish it to be understood that, while I have mentioned pyroxiline or nitro-
cellulose compounds as being the material which.is used for forming the outer shell
or case, any other equivalent plastic material or any other material capable of
being moulded can be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. A hollow blank, such as b, for the manufacture of brushes, composed of a
single piece of celluloid obtained by moulding, substantially as described.

page_text: 2. A brush composed of a blank b, which is obtained as set forth in Claim 1 and
is subsequently filled with a hard portion d to which the bristles are secured,
substantially as described and shown.
3. A brush composed of a blank b which is obtained as set forth in Claim 1 and
is subsequently filled with a hard portion d to which the bristles are secured
and with a stem e in the handle portion of the brush, substantially as described and
shown.
4. A brush composed of a moulded blank b, a hard portion d to which the bristles
are secured, a stem e in the handle portion of the brush, a sleeve connecting d
and e, and a suitable substance or compound, such as plaster of Paris, for filling up
the space between the stem e and the blank b, substantially as described and
shown.