Year: 1869

page_text: push forward pieces of wood, either plain or
over
this table is a cylinder or vessel, heated by steam or water, and so con-
structed as to be capable of being raised or lowered as required. A
composition suitable for ornamenting and coating mouldings is placed
in this cylinder and made to pass out at the lower part through a 5
mouth piece so constructed as to be easily regulated according to the
quantity required on the wood or moulding, which latter is made to pass
under the mouth piece of the cylinder and receive a coating of com-
position, which when thick is pressed on and smoothed with a roller
shaped to the moulding, or when thin spread on the moulding, and 10
smoothed by a template or templates shaped in like manner to the
required moulding and attached to the mouth piece or suitably placed.
This process may be repeated until sufficient composition is on the wood
or moulding to give the shape and substance required. The wood or
moulding is previously prepared by passing it under the cylinder, then 1
containing size or thin glue, which is allowed to run on to the wood or
moulding, and spread evenly over by means of brushes, sponges, or rags.
As the piece of wood or moulding receives the composition it is carried
forward by means of the rollers first-mentioned, and either in the same
or in the second table an ornament or pattern is pressed into the com-
position by an instrument on which the pattern is engraved or stamped,
or to which instrument can be fixed a form or pattern which may be
removed and exchanged at pleasure; this form of mould can be made
of either metal or wood, and is of the shape of a segment of a circle or
curve; the pattern may be cast in type metal or other suitable material
and then bent to the same curve as the face of the form, to which it is
then fixed in any convenient manner. After each impression is made
the instrument is raised by the machine and the moulding pushed
forward so as to receive the next impression at the point where the
previous one left off; these movements are repeated until the moulding
is finished. This instrument is also used for pressing out composition
ornaments; the composition is allowed to run or is pressed out of the
cylinder on to an endless band or board passing under the instrument
with the engraved pattern, which is pressed into the composition and
the movements continued as before described. The instrument fo
impressing the patterns or ornaments in the composition can be driver
or worked by a cam in the segment and steadied by guides and a radia
rod, or can be worked by a crank or cranks, also by a crank and cam o
cams. The stamped or engraved part of the instrument is so shape

page_text: Eng
gc.
as to separate the ornamented part from the superfluous composition,
which latter is scraped off from the endless band or board and the
ornamental part is received by rollers, the last one or two made to
revolve in size, glue, or suitable solution to cause the ornament to
adhere to the moulding which is pushed forward to receive it, it is then
slightly pressed on by the hand or otherwise. The ornaments
when taken off the endless band or board be used for any other purpose.
In order to prevent the composition from sticking to the endless band
or board or to any of the moving parts of the machine I use powdered
French chalk, clay, or whiting, or such like material.
may also
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Adam Cyrus Engert in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 4th December 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ADAM
5 CYRUS ENGERT, of Nos. 31 and 32, Tabernacle Row, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
0 second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Adam Cyrus Engert, Her special
licence that I, the said Adam Cyrus Engert, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Adam Cyrus Engert,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
5 and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
30 AND OTHER USES, AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR," upon the condition (amongst
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL MOULDINGS FOR PICTURE FRAMES
others) that I, the said Adam Cyrus Engert, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
99

page_text: and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Adam Cyrus Engert, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
plain and ornamental mouldings and ornaments for picture frames and
other uses and in apparatus therefor.
The apparatus which I employ consists of a table constructed of wood
or iron fitted with rollers capable of being regulated so as to grip and
push forward pieces of wood, either plain or shaped as a moulding; over
this table is a cylinder or vessel, heated by steam or water, and so con-
structed as to be capable of being raised or lowered as required. A com-
position suitable for ornamenting and coating moulding is placed in this
cylinder and made to pass out at the lower part through a mouth piece so
constructed as to be easily regulated according to the quantity required
on the wood or moulding, which latter is made to pass under the mouth
piece of the cylinder and receive a coating of composition, which when
thick is pressed on and smoothed with a roller shaped to the moulding,
or when thin spread on the moulding and smoothed by a template or
templates shaped in like manner to the required moulding and attached to
the mouth piece or suitably placed. This process may be repeated until
sufficient composition is on the wood or moulding to give the shape and
substance required. The wood or moulding is previously prepared by
passing it under the cylinder, then containing size or thin glue, which is
allowed to run on to the wood or moulding, and spread evenly over by
means of brushes, sponges, or rags, or the size or thin glue may
applied by hand to the surface of the wood or moulding by means of
brushes. As the piece of wood or moulding receives the composition it
is carried forward by means of the rollers first mentioned, and either in
he same or in a second table an ornament or pattern is pressed into the
composition by an instrument on which the pattern is engraved or
tamped, or to which instrument can be fixed a form or pattern which
may be removed and exchanged at pleasure. This form or mould can be
hade of either metal or wood, and is of the shape of a segment of a
ircle or curve; the pattern may be cast in type metal or other suitable
be

page_text: material,
and w
same curve as the face of the form, to which
it is then fixed in any convenient manner. After each impression is made
the instrument is raised by the machine, and the moulding pushed forward,
so as to receive the next impression at the point where the previous one
5 left off, these movements are repeated until the moulding is finished. This
instrument is also used for pressing out composition ornaments; the com-
position is allowed to run or is pressed out of the cylinder on to an endless
band, or board passing under the instrument with the engraved pattern
which is pressed into the composition and the movements continued as
0 before described. The instrument for impressing the patterns or ornaments
in the composition can be driven or worked by a cam in the segment,
steadied by guides, and a radial rod, or can be worked by a crank or cranks,
The stamped or engraved part of the
also by a crank and cam or cams.
instrument is so shaped as to separate the ornamented part from the
5 superfluous composition, which latter is scraped off from the endless
band or board, and the ornamental part is received by rollers, the last
one or two made to revolve in size, glue, or suitable solution to cause
the ornament to adhere to the moulding, which is pushed forward to
receive it, it is then slightly pressed on by the hand or otherwise. The
ornaments may also when taken off the endless band or board be used
for any other purpose. In order to prevent the composition from
sticking to the endless band or board, or to any of the moving parts of
the machine, I use powdered French chalk, clay, or whiting, or such like
material.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention I will proceed to
describe more fully the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 shows a side view, and Figure 2 a plan view of an apparatus
such as is above described.
A is the table or surface along which the pieces of wood A' either
plain or shaped as a moulding are fed forwards to receive a coating of
composition. B, B, B¹, B', are the rollers by which the wood is fed
forwards either continuously or intermittently as desired; the rollers B',
B', are carried by a frame B2, which can be moved towards or from the
ollers B', B', by
a screw C, so that the rollers can be set to feed forward
trips of wood of various widths. I prefer to cover the rollers B' with
ulcanized india-rubber so that they shall press with an elastic pressure
gainst the strip of wood. The rollers B can be driven either con-

page_text: upon
may
tinuously or intermittently from the shaft D, which has a small friction
wheel D¹ upon it which works against both rollers, as seen at Figure 1.
When the rollers are to be driven continuously the shaft D has motion
given to it by a bevil wheel D2 upon it gearing with a bevil wheel E' on
the shaft E, which at the time is made fast upon its shaft by the
clutch E². The shaft E which is shewn separately at Figure 3 is driven
by a worm wheel upon it gearing into a worm on the shaft F,
which are pulleys of varying diameters, either one or other of which
be driven by a strap from corresponding pulleys on the driving shaft G,
upon which shaft are fast and loose pulleys by which it is worked. By
shifting the strap on the pulleys on the shaft F the rollers B, B, can be
driven at varying speeds. When the rollers B, B, are to be driven in-
termittently the clutch E is driven to set the bevil wheel E' loose upon
the shaft E, and the rollers then receive motion by another bevil wheel
on the shaft E gearing with a bevil wheel on the shaft H, on the end of
which is a dise carrying a crank pin H' which can be set either nearer
to or farther from the centre of the disc. The crank pin is by a rod H
connected to a slot in the lever K which carries a pawl K'. The
lever K is capable of turning around the axis of a grooved wheel L, and
when the lever is turned in one direction the pawl K¹ engages with
the groove in the wheel I and causes the wheel to turn; when the lever
is turned in the opposite direction the pawl slips freely around the wheel
without turning it. On the axis of the grooved wheel L is a bevil
wheel L' which gears with a bevil wheel on the upper end of the shaft D
upon which is the friction wheel by which the rollers B are driven, the
intermittent motion of the wheel L is thus transmitted to the rollers B.
When the rollers B are receiving a continuous motion the pawl K' is
thrown out of gear with the wheel L, or the intermittent driving gear
otherwise thrown out of action. As a strip of wood A¹ is thus fed
forwards along the table A it passes under a mouth piece M' which is on
the bottom of a cylinder M containing the composition which is to be ap-
plied to the moulding. This composition I prefer should be thicker than
the composition as usually applied to wooden mouldings; I prefer that
it should be of about the consistency of ordinary putty. In the cylinder
M is the weighted piston M' which presses upon the surface of the com- S
position in the cylinder, and forces the composition out through the mouth
piece M¹. The form of the outlet orifice of the mouth piece is regulated
by a template fixed to it in such manner that it can readily be removed
when desired, and a template of other form fixed in its place.
is
The

page_text: cylinder M can be raised and lowered upon the standard which
carries it by turning the screw M3 by the hand wheel on its upper
end. After the strip of wood has passed beyond the mouth piece M'
the surface of the coating of composition which has been placed upon it
is smoothed by the strip being passed under the smooth or polished
roller O, the circumference of which is made to the form of the
moulding. This roller is driven either continuously or intermittently
according as the moulding is moved forward with a continuous or
intermittent motion.
When
the moulding is moving forward
upon it
'
continuously the axis of the roller O is driven by a band passing around
forward intermittently this strap is thrown off and the axis of the roller
a pulley on the shaft H, as shown, but when the moulding is moving
O is then driven by a band passing around a pulley on a short shaft P.
which is driven with an intermittent motion by a bevil wheel
gearing with a bevil wheel on the inclined shaft Q, upon which is
another bevil wheel gearing with the bevil wheel L³, on the axis of the
grooved wheel L. The roller O can be raised or lowered according to
the thickness of the moulding and the coating upon it. The surface of
the roller may have powdered French chalk, whiting, or such like
material applied to it to prevent the composition from sticking to it. To
apply the powdered material to the roller I prefer to employ a circular
brush revolving slowly in contact with the roller and which also dips
into a trough containing the powdered material. When the moulding
passes beyond the roller O it comes below the segment P, to have a
pattern or ornament stamped upon it, the segment P has a rising
and falling and also an oscillating to-and-fro motion given to it in the
following manner :-The axis of the segment P* is carried, as is seen
more clearly at Figure 4, by a slide P¹, which can rise and fall on V
guides on a standard forming part of the framing of the machine.
The back of the slide P¹ is formed with a boss P³, through which works
a screw Q, on the top of which is a collar and hand wheel which rests
on the top of the standard; by turning the screw by the hand wheel upon
it the slide P¹ can be raised or lowered.
The lower end of the screw is
connected by a universal joint with a lever R, which is acted on by the
cam S. Around the lower end of the screw is a spiral spring by which
the screw is drawn downwards. On the axis of the cam S is a bevil
wheel into which gears a bevil wheel on an inclined axis T on which is
the cam S is thus driven continuously, and as it revolves
another bevil wheel which gears with a bevil wheel II' on the shaft II,
will

page_text: alternately cause the segment P* to rise and will allow it to descend.
The oscillating to-and-fro motion is given to the segment by a lever arm
P3 which by a long rod P is connected to the pin of a crank II' on the
shaft H. The rod P is capable of adjustment by means of right and
left handed screws cut thereon so as to lengthen or shorten it as required.
The cam S is so set that just before the segment P* is caused to
commence its forward movement it is allowed to descend to its lowest
position and so that it is again raised before the segment commences its
backward movement. In order to prevent the composition from
sticking to the segment P* the segment after it has been raised and as it
swings backwards is acted on by a slowly revolving brush carried by an
arm which swings upon the axis of the segment so as to sweep the brush
over the surface of the segment. The brush revolves in a pan containing
the powdered material. Before the segment P* is again caused to
descend the brush with its pan has to be swung back out of the way. To
thus cause the arm carrying the brush and its pan to swing to and fro
I act upon them by a lever arm on an axis U, to which a rocking motion
is given by a crank on the axis H. When a deeply engraved pattern is
to be produced on the surface of the covering or coating of composition
I first mould the desired pattern upon a stream of the composition and
subsequently apply such moulded stream of composition to the wooden
moulding. To effect this the portion of the table A which before
supported the moulding which was to receive a coating of composition is
removed, and the mouth piece is caused to deliver a stream of the
composition on to the surface of an endless band V, which I prefer should
be of steel. This band is supported on rollers V₁ which may have studs
upon them to enter notches in the sides of the band, and so ensure an
even and regular motion being given to it; whilst the stream of
composition is supported upon this band it has the requisite pattern
impressed upon it by the segment P*, the pattern or moulding surface of
which is formed with flanges or cutting edges on each side of it, so that
the moulded stream of composition is kept to the desired width and all
superfluous composition is separated from it. As the moulded stream is
carried forward it is received on to guide rollers W, which
size applied to them in any suitable manner, and the moulded stream of
composition is separated from the band by the blades X, seen more
clearly at Figures 5 and 6, and is received on to the surface of the strip
of wood to which it is to be caused to adhere, and is by hand dabbed
down on to it, the superfluous composition coming off from the band and
may
have

page_text: Engert s
Trames, &c.
which has previously been separated from the moulded stream as above
described is guided away by the blades X¹. The strip of wood which is
to receive the moulded stream is marked X2, and it is caused to move
forward intermittently by the feed rollers B, B, which have an
5 intermittent motion given to them as before described. In order to
e an intermittent motion to the endless band upon which the stream
of composition is moulded I drive the forward roller around which the
sheet passes by means of bevil gear from the shaft Y, which is itself
driven by bevil gear, and another short inclined shaft from the
give
10 shaft P.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner
of performing the same, I would have it understood that what I
claim is,-
First. The general combination or arrangement of machinery herein
5 described and shown by the Drawings.
Second. Coating a strip of wood (either plain or shaped) with a com-
position suitable for producing the surface of either a plain or an
ornamental moulding by passing such strip after it has been coated with
size, glue, or other adhesive material below the orifice of a heated
0 cylinder containing the composition, and from which the composition is
expressed by a piston or other mechanism.
Third. Employing rollers as herein described for feeding strips of wood
past the orifice of the heated expressing cylinder.
Fourth. Smoothing the surface of the composition after it has been
5 applied to the strip or moulding by a roller shaped to the moulding, as
herein described.
Fifth. The employment in combination with an apparatus for sup-
plying a composition coating to a moulding of an engraved pattern
capable of rocking or turning on an axis to impress a pattern on the
surface of the coating composition.
segment of a circle, worked and operated substantially as herein
Sixth. The employment of an engraved pattern in the form of a
described for impressing a pattern on the surface of a moulding.
Seventh. The forming continuous strips of composition suitable for a
moulding by expressing
travelling surface which carries it forward as it is expressed.
a stream of composition on to an endless

page_text: Eighth. The supplying a stream of composition suitable for a
moulding on to an endless band or travelling surface, and impressing a
pattern on to such stream of composition whilst it rests on the travelling
surface.
Ninth. I also claim the so shaping the stamped or engraved instrument 5
employed for moulding or impressing the stream of composition that it
shall separate or nearly separate the ornamented part from the super-
fluous composition.
Tenth. The severing the stream of moulded composition from the
travelling surface by a fixed scraper, and also the causing the stream to 1
pass between two other scrapers to remove the surplus composition from
the sides of the moulded stream.
Eleventh. The receiving the stream of moulded composition as it
leaves the endless band on to a strip of wood coated with glue, size, or
other cementing material to unite them to one another.
Twelfth. The employment of powdered French chalk, clay, or whiting,
or such like powdered material to prevent the coating composition from
sticking to the parts of machinery employed for smoothing or impressing
a pattern upon its surface.
1
Thirteenth. The constructing machinery suitable for being used in the 2
manufacture of mouldings in such manner that it may either be worked
with a continuous motion for making plain mouldings or may be worked
with an intermittent motion when employed for making impressed or
figured mouldings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Adam Cyrus Engert, have here- 2
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of December, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-