LMPROVEMENTS IN THE WOVEN GOODS KNOWN AS CORDS, AND IN THE METHOD OF WEAVING THE SAME.
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Newton and John Edward Newton, Trading under
the Style of Henry and John William Lees, at New Royd Mill, Saddleworth,
in the County of York, for the Invention of "LMPROVEMENTS IN THE WOVEN
GOODS KNOWN AS CORDS, AND IN THE METHOD OF WEAVING THE SAME.'
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Newton and John
Edward Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
10th December 1877.
JAMES NEWTON and JOHN EDWARD NEWTON, Trading under the Style of Henry
and John William Lees, at New Royd Mill, Saddleworth, in the County of York,
Cotton Manufacturers. " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE WOVEN GOODS KNOWN AS CORDS,
AND IN THE METHOD OF WEAVING THE SAME."
"
Our Invention relates to the ribbed or corded goods known as cords. Such
goods are woven with races of loops or threads "floating over the ground, and
the said races are cut to form the cords, as is well understood.
The principal object of our Invention is to obtain a better result or effect than
previously obtained with a corresponding weight of material.
On the Third day of November ultimo, we petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto
us Her Royal Letters Patent for an improved method of weaving the said cords,
but as we have included the said method herein we do not intend to follow up the
said petition.
Our improved cloth is woven with six shafts, but more shafts may be used to
obtain the same result.
According to one method, in every twelve ends of warp the first and second are
drawn together through one eye or heald; a third and fourth, a seventh and
P

page_text: eighth, and a ninth and tenth ends are similarly drawn together in pairs. The
cloth is woven with six picks to the round. The first and second and the seventh
und eighth are drawn through one shaft; the third and fourth and the ninth and
tenth are drawn through a second shaft; each fifth, sixth, eleventh, and twelfth
ends is drawn through a separate shaft. For one pick, which we will call the first 5
pick, the seventh and eighth, and the fifth and eleventh ends are lifted; for the
second pick the fifth and twelfth ends are lifted; for the third pick the sixth and
eleventh ends are lifted; for the fourth pick the third and fourth, the ninth and
tenth, and the sixth and twelfth ends are lifted; for the fifth pick the same ends
are lifted as for the second; for the sixth pick the same ends are lifted as for the 1
third.
In a modification of the foregoing the cloth is woven with eight picks to the
round. The additional picks are the fourth and the sixth, which are repetitions of
the second and the third.
A further modification is woven with ten picks to the round. Comparing this 1
method with the first method the first and sixth picks are the same as the first
pick in the first method; the second, fifth, and ninth aro as the second, the third
and eighth are as the fourth; the fourth, seventh, and tenth are as the third.
The foregoing methods are also modified by altering the draft of the ends.
In one modification the ends are lifted singly throughout, but a heavier warp 2
is used.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Newton and John Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 7th June 1878.
JAMES NEWTON and JOHN EDWARD NEWTON, Trading under the Style of Henry
and John William Lees, at New Royd Mill, Saddleworth, in the County of York.
" IMPROVEMENTS IN THE WOVEN GOODS KNOWN AS 'CORDS,' AND IN THE METHOD
OF WEAVING THE SAME."
Our Invention relates to the ribbed or corded goods known as cords. Such
goods are woven with races of loops or threads "floating" over the ground, and the
said races are cut to form the cords, as is well understood.
The principal object of our Invention is to obtain a better result or effect than
previously obtained with a corresponding weight of material.
On the Third day of November One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven,
we petitioned Hor Majesty to grant unto us Her Royal Letters Patent for an
improved method of weaving the said cords, but as we have included the said
method herein we do not intend to follow up the said petition.
Our improved cloth is woven with six shafts, but more shafts may be used to
obtain the same result.
In order that our Invention may be well understood we have appended hereunto
a Sheet of weavers' drafts, to which we will now refer.
Draft 1 illustrates one method of producing our improved cloth. According to
this method in every twelve ends of warp the first and second are drawn together
through one eye or heald; a third and fourth, a seventh and eighth, and a ninth
and tenth ends are similarly drawn together in pairs. The cloth is woven with
six picks to the round. The first and second and the seventh and eighth are drawn
through one shaft; the third and fourth and the ninth and tenth are drawn through
a second shaft; each fifth, sixth, eleventh, and twelfth end is drawn through a
separate shaft. For one pick, which we will call the first pick, the first and
second, the seventh and eighth, and the fifth and eleventh ends are lifted; for the
second pick the fifth and twelfth ends are lifted; for the third pick the sixth and
eleventh ends are lifted; for the fourth pick the third and fourth, the ninth and
tenth, and the sixth and twelfth ends are lifted; for the fifth pick the same ends
are lifted as for the second; for the sixth pick the same ends are lifted as for the
third.
Draft 2 illustrates the manner in which the order of the picks may be varied
without affecting the result.
In the method illustrated by draft 3 the cloth is woven with eight picks to the
round. Comparing this draft with draft 1 the first three picks are the same as in
draft 1; the fourth and the seventh are the same as the second; the fifth is the
same as the fourth; and the sixth and eighth are the same as the third.
Draft 4 illustrates a slight modification obtained by varying the order of some of
the picks, the practical result being the same in both examples.
Draft 5 illustrates a method of weaving with ten picks to the round. Comparing
this draft with draft 1 the first and sixth picks are the same as the first pick in
draft 1; the second, fifth, and ninth are as the second; the third and eighth are as
the fourth; the fourth, seventh, and tenth are as the third.
Draft 6 illustrates a modification in the manner in which the ends are drawn
through the healds. In this example the cloth is woven with six picks to the
round, and the ends aro lifted as in Draft 2, the only difference being that all the
ends are lifted singly instead of certain of the ends being lifted in pairs.
The other drafts may also be altered in accordance with this example.
When weaving with all the ends lifted singly we use a heavier warp.
Cloth woven according to our iudicated methods has a good 'curl,' that is to say,
the lines of cords are waved to some extent, and the appearance of the finished

page_text: cloth is equal to an ordinary cloth of greater weight, and therefore costing more to
produce.
Having now fully set forth and indicated the nature of our said Invention and
the methods whereby we carry the same into practical effect, we would have it to
be understood in conclusion that we claim,-
First. The methods of weaving cords, substantially as set forth and indicated
herein-before and by the accompanying weavers' drafts.
And, lastly. The weaving of cords according to the several accompanying weavers'
drafts.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Newton and John Edward Newton,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Fourth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
JAMES NEWTON.
Signed and sealed by the
said James Newton and
John Edward Newton
in the prescence of
HUGH G. GRANT,
Clerk to Edward K. Dutton,
JOHN EDWARD NEWTON
Agent to the Patentees,
St. Ann's Churchyard,
Manchester
(L.S.)
(L.S.)