IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Platts, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Machinist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Platts at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th.
August 1861.
I, JAMES PLATTS, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to the arrangement and construction of power looms
which are more particularly adapted for weaving the class of fabrics known
as Scotch carpeting, and which has hitherto been manufactured in looms
wrought by hand.
Under one modification or arrangement of the mechanical parts the loom is
fitted with an ordinary jacquard apparatus for producing the predetermined
figure on the fabric to be woven. The motion of the jacquard barrel is
derived from the crank shaft of the loom by means of a disc wheel, cam, or
other equivalent therefor, or by levers from the bottom shaft, so as to render
the motion of the jacquard barrel automatic, and bring the cards round in
regular succession. The required sequential movement of the shuttle boxes
by means of which the different coloured wefts are thrown across the shed

page_text: n the required succession is obtained from the crank shaft. On this shaft
is a pinion which gives motion to a wheel arranged on a horizontal shaft
beneath and carrying also a disc wheel, the periphery of which is made of
varying radii. Extending over the disc wheel is a curved lever which is
carried on a short shaft at the back part of the loom framing, the free end
of this lever is connected by means of a rod to a rocking lever overhead.
The front end of this lever is attached by a rod to the shuttle box frame,
and at the backward end of the lever is hung a counterweight. When the
loom is put in motion the disc wheel acts upon an antifriction roller carried
by the overhanging curved lever, so that this lever rises and falls in accordance
with the projections or depressions formed on the periphery of the disc wheel.
In this way the shuttle boxes are raised and depressed in regular succession,
and the different coloured wefts are thrown in according to the predetermined
arrangement, the pattern being meanwhile formed by the jacquard mecha-
nism.
A corresponding arrangement of mechanism is fitted on the opposite side of
the loom, so that both series of shuttle boxes move exactly in accordance
with each other. The loom is also provided with an arrangement for
producing varied weaving effects in the ground of the fabric, as, for example,
striped shadings or other gradations of tints, which are produced by repeating
the shots of weft from one shuttle a given number of times. On the crank
shaft is a bevel wheel which gears with a corresponding wheel on a short
shaft arranged parallel with the end standard of the loom. On this shaft is
a worm or endless screw which drives a vertical worm wheel carried on a
stud projecting from a cross rail of the framing: The face of this wheel
forms a disc on which is a series of projections and indentations, the free
end of a vertical lever presses against the irregular surface of the disc. This
lever is carried upon a stud which projects out from a bracket on the framing,
the lower end of the lever is forked and is connected to a disc which slides
to and fro on a feather formed on the tappet shaft of the loom. As the
upper end of the vertical lever moves over the face of the rotating disc, its
projections or indentations cause the disc on the tappet shaft to be moved
laterally. This disc is made with a single tooth or tappet projecting from
its periphery, and as the shaft rotates this tooth is brought into contact with
a disc having a series of corresponding teeth or tappets. This last disc is
.keyed or otherwise fast to the disc wheel for actuating the lever connected
to the shuttle boxes, so that when the lever which is guided by the worm
wheel brings the disc on the tappet shaft into the same vertical plane as the
toothed disc, the disc wheel will be moved round tooth by tooth. Or the

page_text: disc wheel may be locked during a given number of shots by means of a
secondary lever which has a projecting part formed on its lower edge that
takes into corresponding notches formed in a disc, which is also arranged
on the boss of the disc wheel. This secondary lever is depressed by means
of a helical spring connected to its outer extremity, and it is raised by means
of a half disc which is bolted to the inner face of a wheel of corresponding
size driven from the tappet shaft. The periphery of this half disc forms
two surfaces, one raised above the other in a step-like manner, one or other
of these surfaces is in contact with a roller carried on a stud passing through
the curved lever which extends over the disc wheel, and projecting out from
a bracket bolted to the back cross rail of the framing. These combined
movements admit of any particular shuttle box being brought into a line
with the shed, and retained in that position during any number of picks, or
of repeating the picks from the same side of the loom according to the
requirements to the pattern to be woven. The loom is also provided with a
brake movement so as to stop it instantaneously, and at the same time prevent
any injury to the yarns as well as the necessity of turning back the jacquard
barrel.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Platts in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th February 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, JAMES
PLATTS, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, Machinist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Platts, Her special license that, I, the said James Platts, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James
Platts, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
.term. therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands; and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said

page_text: James Platts, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, or under the hand and seal of one of them, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the saine was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Platts, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
My said Invention relates to the arrangement and construction of power
looms which are more particularly adapted for weaving the class of fabrics
known as Scotch carpeting, and which has hitherto been manufactured in
looms wrought by hand.
Under one modification or arrangement of the mechanical parts, the loom
is fitted with an ordinary jacquard apparatus for producing the predetermined
figure on the fabric to be woven. "The motion of the jacquard barrel is derived
from the crank shaft of the loom by means of a disc, wheel, cam, or other equi-
valent therefor, or by levers from the bottom shaft, so as to render the motion
of the jacquard barrel automatic, and bring the cards round in regular succes-
sion. The required sequential movement of the shuttle boxes, by means of
which the different coloured wefts are thrown across the shed in the required
succession is obtained from the crank shaft. On this shaft is a pinion which
gives motion to a wheel arranged on a horizontal shaft beneath, and carrying
also a disc wheel, the periphery of which is made of varying radii. Extending
over the disc wheel is a curved lever, which is carried on a shaft at the
back part of the loom framing; the free end of this lever is connected by
means of a rod to a rocking lever overhead. The front end of this lever is
attached by a rod to the shuttle box frame, and at the backward end of this
lever is hung a counterweight. When the loom is put in motion .the disc
wheel acts upon an antifriction roller carried by the overhanging curved lever,
so that this lever rises and falls in accordance with the projections or depres
sions formed on the periphery of the disc wheel. In this way the shuttle boxes
are raised and depressed in regular succession, and the different coloured wefts
are thrown in according to the predetermined arrangement, the pattern being
meanwhile formed by the jacquard mechanism.
A corresponding arrangement of mechanism is fitted on the opposite side of
the loom, so that both series of shuttle boxes move exactly in accordance with

page_text: each other. The loom is also provided with an arrangement for producing
varied weaving effects in the ground of the fabric, as, for example, striped
shadings or other gradations of tints, which are produced by repeating the shots
of weft from one shuttle a given number of times. On the crank shaft is a
bevel wheel, which gears with a corresponding wheel on a short shaft arranged
parallel with the end standard of the loom. On this shaft is a worm or end-
less screw, which drives a vertical worm wheel, carried on a stud projecting
from a cross rail of the framing. The face of this wheel forms a disc on which
is a series of projections and indentations; the free end of a vertical lever
presses against the irregular surface of the disc. This lever is carried upon a
stud which projects out from a bracket on the framing, the lower end of the.
lever is forked, and is connected to a disc which slides to and fro on a feather
formed on the tappet shaft of the loom. As the upper end of the vertical lever
moves over the face of the rotating disc, its projections or indentations cause
the disc on the tappet shaft to be moved laterally. This disc is made with a
single tooth or tappet projecting from its periphery, and as the shaft rotates,
this tooth is brought into contact with a disc, having a series of corresponding
teeth or tappets. This last disc is keyed or otherwise fast to the disc wheel,
for actuating the lever connected to the shuttle boxes, so that when the lever
which is guided by the worm wheel brings the disc on the tappet shaft into
the same vertical plane as the toothed disc, the disc wheel will be moved round
tooth by tooth. Or the disc wheel may be locked during a given number of
shots, by means of a secondary lever, which has a projecting part formed on
its lower edge that takes into corresponding notches formed in a disc, which is
also arranged on the boss of the disc wheel. This secondary lever is depressed
by means of a helical spring connected to its outer extremity, and it is raised
by means of a half disc which is bolted to the inner face of a wheel of corre-
sponding size driven from the tappet shaft. The periphery of this half disc
forms two surfaces, one raised above the other in a step-like manner; one or
other of these surfaces is in contact with a roller carried on a stud passing
through the curved lever, which extends over the disc wheel, and projecting
out from a bracket bolted to the back cross rail of the framing. These com-
bined movements admit of any particular shuttle box being brought intó a line
with the shed, and retained in that position during any number of picks, or of
repeating the picks from the same side of the loom, according to the require-
ments of the pattern to be woven. The loom is also provided with a brake
movement, so as to stop it instantaneously, and at the same time prevent any
injury to the yarns, as well as the necessity of turning back the jacquard
barrel.

page_text: And in order that my said Invention of improvements in looms for weaving'
may be properly understood, I will now proceed to describe the several
Figures on the explanatory Sheet of Drawings, which I have hereunto appended.
for the purpose of showing certain modifications under which my improvements
may be judiciously carried out-in practice, that is to say:-
Figure 1 on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings is an end elevation of a
loom arranged according to my improvements, and specially adapted for
weaving two and three ply Scotch carpeting, or other generally similar figured
fabrics; Figure 2 is an elevation looking on the back of the loom, corresponding
to Figure 1; and Figures 3, 4, and 5 are portions of the mechanical details
shown detached from the other parts of the loom.
The framing A of the loom consists of a pair of open panelled end standards
united by transverse rails, and carrying at the upper part the jacquard
mechanism. Outside cach of the standards of the main framing is a secondary
standard B, which is connected to the main framing by transverse ties, and in
the space between these standards is arranged the principal portion of the.
mechanical details for actuating the movements of the loom. On the crank
shaft C is fitted the fast and loose pulley D, for driving the loom, and on this
shaft is keyed the pinion E, which gears with the wheel F, on the tappet
shaft G; these wheels are indicated by red lines in Figure 1, to avoid confusing
the other portions of the mechanism. On the further extremity of the
tappet shaft G is a wheel H, which gives motion to the wheel I, on the
shaft J, which extends across the loom parallel with the tappet shaft G. The
details of the parts connected with the shaft J for actuating the shuttles in
the required sequential order are shown separately in Figures 3, 4, and 5.
Figure 3 is a front elevation, partly in section, of the movement; Figure 4 is
an end view taken at right. angles to Figure 3; and Figure 5 is. an
elevation showing the segmental.or crescent wheel by means of which the
main lever for operating the shuttle boxes is partly actuated. The wheel I
has bolted to its face the segmental wheel K, which has formed on its face a
segmental rib K', as shown in front view in Figure 5, and in end view in
Figures 2 and 3. A short horizontal shaft L carried in brackets projecting
from the standards of the framing supports a curved lever M, which
extends in a downward direction towards the front part of the loom, the boss
of the lever being adjustable on the shaft by means of pinching screws. A
corresponding arrangement. is fitted on the opposite side of the loom, as shown
in Figure 2. The lever M is cast hollow, leaving a rectangular space between
the parts forming the cheek plates, and at one side is a laterally projecting
part which forms a rectangular recess to receive the roller N, as shown in

page_text: each other. The loom is also provided with an arrangement for producing
varied weaving effects in the ground of the fabric, as, for example, striped.
shadings or other gradations of tints, which are produced by repeating the shots
of weft from one shuttle a given number of times. On the crank shaft is a
bevel wheel, which gears with a corresponding wheel on a short shaft arranged
parallel with the end standard of the loom. On this shaft is a worm or end-
less screw, which drives a vertical worm wheel, carried on a stud projecting.
from a cross rail of the framing. The face of this wheel forms a disc on which
is a series of projections and indentations; the free end of a vertical lever
presses against the irregular surface of the disc. This lever is carried upon a:
stud which projects out from a bracket on the framing, the lower end of the.
lever is forked, and is connected to a disc which slides to and fro on a feather
formed on the tappet shaft of the loom. As the upper end of the vertical lever.
moves over the face of the rotating disc, its projections or indentations cause
the disc on the tappet shaft to be moved laterally. This disc is made with a.
single tooth or tappet projecting from its periphery, and as the shaft rotates,
this tooth is brought into contact with a disc, having a series of corresponding
teeth or tappets. This last disc is keyed or otherwise fast to the disc wheel,
for actuating the lever connected to the shuttle boxes, so that when the lever
which is guided by the worm wheel brings the disc on the tappet shaft into
the same vertical plane as the toothed disc, the disc wheel will be moved round
tooth by tooth. Or the disc wheel may be locked during a given number of
shots, by means of a secondary lever, which has a projecting part formed on
its lower edge that takes into corresponding notches formed in a disc, which is
also arranged on the boss of the disc wheel. This secondary lever is depressed
by means of a helical spring connected to its outer extremity, and it is raised
by means of a half disc which is bolted to the inner face of a wheel of corre-
sponding size driven from the tappet shaft. The periphery of this half disc
forms two surfaces, one raised above the other in a step-like manner; one or
other of these surfaces is in contact with a roller carried on a stud passing
through the curved lever, which extends over the disc wheel, and projecting
out from a bracket bolted to the back cross rail of the framing. These com-
bined movements admit of any particular shuttle box being brought into a line
with the shed, and retained in that position during any number of picks, or of
repeating the picks from the same side of the loom, according to the require-
ments of the pattern to be woven. The loom is also provided with a brake
movement, so as to stop it instantaneously, and at the same time prevent any
injury to the yarns, as well as the necessity of turning back the jacquard
harrel

page_text: And in order that my said Invention of improvements in looms for weaving"
may be properly understood, I will now proceed to describe the several
Figures on the explanatory Sheet of Drawings, which I have hereunto appended
for the purpose of showing certain modifications under which my improvements:
may be judiciously carried out in practice, that is to say :-
Figure 1 on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings is an end elevation of a
loom arranged according to my improvements, and specially adapted for
weaving two and three ply Scotch carpeting, or other generally similar figured
fabrics; Figure 2 is an elevation looking on the back of the loom, corresponding
to Figure 1; and Figures 3, 4, and 5 are portions of the mechanical details.
shown detached from the other parts of the loom.
The framing A of the loom consists of a pair of open panelled end standards
united by transverse rails, and carrying at the upper part the jacquard
mechanism. Outside each of the standards of the main framing is a secondary
standard B, which is connected to the main framing by transverse ties, and in
the space between these standards is arranged the principal portion of the
mechanical details for actuating the movements of the loom. On the crank
shaft C is fitted the fast and loose pulley D, for driving the loom, and on this
shaft is keyed the pinion E, which gears with the wheel F, on the tappet
shaft G; these wheels are indicated by red lines in Figure 1, to avoid confusing
the other portions of the mechanismi. On the further extremity of the
tappet shaft G is a wheel II, which gives motion to the wheel I, on the
shaft J, which extends across the loom parallel with the tappet shaft G. The
details of the parts connected with the shaft J for actuating the shuttles in
the required sequential order are shown separately in Figures 3, 4, and 5.
Figure 3 is a front elevation, partly in section, of the movement; Figure 4 is
an end view taken at right. angles to Figure 3; and Figure 5 is. an
elevation showing the segmental.or crescent wheel by means of which the
main lever for operating the shuttle boxes is partly actuated. The wheel I
has bolted to its face the segmental wheel K, which has formed on its face.a
segmental rib K', as shown in front view in Figure 5, and in end view.in
Figures 2 and 3. A short horizontal shaft L carried in 'brackets projecting
from the standards of the framing supports a curved lever M, which
extends in a downward direction towards the front part of the loom, the boss
of the lever being adjustable on the shaft by means of pinching screws. A
corresponding arrangement. is fitted on the opposite side of the loom, as shown
in Figure 2. The lever M is cast hollow, leaving a rectangular space between
the parts forming the cheek plates, and at one side is a laterally projecting
part which forms a rectangular recess to receive the roller N, as shown in

page_text: Figure 3. The spindle on which the roller N is fitted also carries the roller O;
arranged in the central part of the lever M; this roller at every alternate
shot of weft is brought into contact with the disc P, which is arranged
on the shaft J, the action of this disc causing the required pattern shuttle box
to be brought in a line with the shed. The free ends of the levers M are
cach connected by the rod Q to the adjustable lever R, which is carried on a
small shaft supported in brackets fixed to the standards of the framing. The
front end of the lever R is connected by the rod and bow piece S to the slide
T, forming the back part of the shifting shuttle boxes, which are numbered
from 1 to 6, in Figure 1; the arrangement may be extended to ten shuttle boxes
if required. The lever R has an adjustable counterweight R' at the backward
end, which serves to counterpoise the weight of the shuttle boxes and parts
connected with the lever, and so adunit of the shuttle boxes moving easily upi
and down in accordance with the movements of the pattern mechanism.
Four out of the series of six shuttle boxes are appropriated to the variously
coloured wefts for producing the predetermined pattern; these are the first,
second, fourth, and fifth boxes, whilst the third and sixth boxes supply the
binding weft which is thrown in to bind the coloured yarn. The office of
the segmental wheel K is to bring the shuttle boxes number three or six
in a line with the shed after each shot of coloured weft is thrown in, the oné
selected being that which is nearest to the last pattern shuttle box in use.
Thus when the roller N rests on the rib K¹ of the segmental wheel K, the
lever M is raised to the position required to bring the third shuttle box in
line with the shed, and when the roller N is traversing on the periphery of
the segmental wheel K, the sixth shuttle box comes into use. The means by
which this change of position is effected, will be presently referred to. In the
intervals of the raising of the lever M by the segmental wheel K, the
roller O descends on to the periphery of the disc P. The edge of this
disc forms a series of inclined planes which serve to raise the lever M to
different heights, and so bring the pattern shuttle boxes to the level of the
shed in the required succession. In Figure 4, the disc P is shown in front
view, and is divided by ten lines radiating to the centre of each incline; these
lines are numbered in accordance with the number of the shuttle box
which will be brought into requisition on the corresponding part of the
periphery of the disc being brought under the roller O in the lever M:
Thus, as delineated in Figure 4, the roller O is shown resting on that
part of the periphery indicated by the line 1, which raises the lever M, and
actuates the connected parts, so that the shuttle box, number one, is brought in
a line with the shed, and the shuttle contained in that box is driven across-the

page_text: shed. This action of the one shuttle box may be continued as long as required,
according to the number of shots of weft of one colour it is necessary to put
in, each shot, however, being alternated with a binding weft from the shuttle
box number three, which is brought up to the shed by the intermittent motion
of the segmental wheel K acting on the roller N. The disc P is held in a
fixed position so long as may be required to put in one or more shots of the
coloured or pattern weft from any particular box. On the small shaft L is a
bent arm U, on the under side of which is a downwardly projecting catch V,
which takes into the radial notches formed in the disc W, which is fast to the
boss to which the disc P is bolted. Extending forward from the standard B
is a bracket piece X, the end of which is bent in a downward direction, the
lower part being bevelled off, and having resting against it the spindle of the
rollers N and O. To the bracket piece is fixed the blade spring Y, which
presses on the back of the arm U, and keeps the catch V down into the
notches of the disc W, when the arm is not otherwise acted upon. Parallel
to the disc W, and on the same boss, is a secondary disc Z with deep curved
indentations. This disc Z, and with it the discs W and P, are moved round
at intervals, as the pattern may require, by means of the disc a, which moves
to and fro on the tappet shaft G. On the periphery of the disc a is bolted a
piece which forms an inclined plane b, for lifting the catch V out of the
notches of the disc W. As the disc a rotates, this inclined plane comes under
a roller c, which is carried on a stud projecting laterally from the arm U; the
inclined plane raises the arm U, leaving the disc W free to be moved round.
In the face of the disc a, several holes are made to admit of the adjustment
therein of a stud d carrying a roller, which takes into the curved indentations
of the disc Z. The arm U being kept uplifted by the inclined plane b, the
continued rotation of the disc a causes the stud d to move the disc Z round
to the extent of a tooth, or until the arm is free of the inclined plane b, when
the catch V springs into the tooth of the disc W. The movement of the
disc W actuates the disc P to a corresponding extent, and so brings another of
the inclined planes on its periphery under the roller O, and thus by altering
the lift of the lever M, and its connected parts, a corresponding change in the
position of the pattern shuttle boxes is effected. In this way by having a
series of discs P, the peripheries of which are differently formed, so as to effect
different alternations of the shuttle boxes, any required combination of colours
within the range of the pattern shuttles may be obtained by simply shifting
one disc and substituting another. It remains to show in what manner the
disc a is caused to move to and fro on the shaft G, and so effect the shift
of the disc P at the proper intervals. On the extremity of the crank shaft C

page_text: is a bevel wheel e, which gears with a corresponding wheel on the horizontal
worm shaft f, the bearings of which are carried in brackets projecting laterally
from the framing. The worm on this shaft f gives motion to the wheel g,
which is carried on a stud projecting laterally from a cross rail of the framing.
To the face of this wheel the metal segments are fixed; these segments are
of varying lengths to correspond to the number of picks required from a given
shuttle before a change is effected. Pendent from the cross rail of the framing
which carries the wheel g is a bracket carrying a stud, on which the lever i is
centred. The upper extremity is bent at right angles, and rests against the
face of the wheel 9. The lower part of the lever is prolonged down to the
tappet shaft G, terminating in a fork which partly encircles and is connected
to the boss of the disc a. To a laterally projecting arm extending from the
forked extremity of the lever i, is attached one end of a helical spring j, the
other end of which is fastened to the framing; this spring has a constant ten-
dency to draw the disc a towards the arm U and disc Z; this tendency is,
however, counteracted by the lever i. As the wheel 9 is driven round by the
worm shaft f, the wedge-shaped extremity of the lever i passes over the pro-
jecting segments h, and whilst this continues the disc a is kept by the forked
end of the lever clear of the roller c and the disc Z, consequently no change
in the position of the disc P can take place. In this way the weaving
is continued from one shuttle box, alternating with the binding weft,
during any required number of picks. The moment, however, that the
end of the lever i enters one of the recesses formed between the seg-
ments, the disc a is moved towards the disc Z, and which is assisted by the
tension of the spring j, so as to bring the inclined plane b in the same plane as
the roller c, and the roller d in the plane of the disc Z. And in this way the
shifting of the shuttle boxes is effected as often as required by simply
attaching suitable segmental pieces h to the face of the worm wheel g. The
shuttle boxes, numbered three and six, are selected for the shuttles containing
the binding weft, so that the traverse of the drop box T between the shot of
coloured or pattern weft and the ground or binding weft may be limited, and
time saved. Thus, when the disc P is moved round so as to bring the parts
numbered 4 or 5 under the roller O, the lever M is raised up so that the
bevelled end of the roller spindle is moved up to the face of the bracket X.
This motion of the spindle carries the roller N on to the periphery of the
segmental wheel K, so that at each revolution of this wheel the lever M is
elevated sufficiently to cause the binding weft to be thrown in from the sixth
shuttle box; the range of traverse from the pattern weft boxes to the binding
weft boxes being thus limited to the two boxes above each of the latter. The

page_text: picking motion is derived from the tappets, which are fast to the tappet
shaft G. The rotatory movement of the shaft brings the projecting part
formed on each side of the tappets in contact with the roller on the weighted
treadle levers 1. The front ends of these levers are connected by the straps m
to laterally projecting arms on the shafts n; these arms are kept in an elevated
position when not otherwise acted upon by means of the helical springs o, each
of which is suspended from a hooked support bolted to the framing. The front
extremities of the shafts n terminate in the usual couplings, to which aro
fitted the picking sticks p. In their rotatory movement, the tappets depress
the treadles with a quick motion, which turns the shafts n partly round, and
so cause the picking sticks to operate alternately or otherwise, and drive the
shuttle out of the box. Upon the treadles being released from the tappets k,
they spring upwards by the tension of the springs o, but are prevented from
rising too high by the stops q. Provision is also made for throwing in a
succession of shots from one side of the loom when this is required. On the
crank shaft is a pinion 7, which gives motion to the large wheels on the shaft t.
This shaft is in a line with the shaft J, but is distinct therefrom; its inner
extremity is arranged end to end with the shaft J, the one bearing serving for
both shafts. On the shaft t is the disc P', which operates the lever M; and
fastened to the outside of this disc is a ring u, which has screwed to its face
projecting segmental pieces u', which are brought by the rotatory movement
of the disc in contact with the roller v. This roller is carried on a stud, which
forms part of a moveable bracket piece w, centred on a stud pendent from a
bracket projecting out from the framing. When the segmental pieces on the
ring u intervene between the roller v and the ring, the bracket piece w is
moved to that extent about its axis, and this moves the roller aside, so that
the rim only of the tappet rotates thereon, and the treadle is consequently not
depressed. In this way the picking action is carried on from the opposite
side of the loom for as many picks as may be required, according. to the
The
length and arrangement of the segmental pieces fixed to the disc u.
jacquard mechanism is arranged on the upper part of the loom framing, the
end standards of its framing being bolted to brackets fixed to the upper rail
of the loom frame. Motion is imparted to the jacquard mechanism from the
wheely on the extremity of the crank shaft C; this wheel has a heart-shaped
groove formed on its inner face, which imparts a vertical reciprocatory move-
ment to the lever Z. This lever is centred on a stud projecting laterally from
the standard B, and it has a pin fixed to it, which carries the roller 1; this
roller traverses in the groove of the wheel y, the rotatory movement of which
causes it to rise and fall. The outer end of the lever is connected to the rod 2

page_text: the upper end of which is screwed and united by the swivel link 3 to the rod 2
above; this rod is attached to the lever 4, which communicates motion to the
jacquard machine. The lever 4 is connected by a link to the cross-head 5,
which is attached to the upper boards, and also to the sliding pieces 6, which
move up and down in guides formed on the standards of the framing. The
cross-head 5 has attached to it, on the inner side of one of the sliding pieces 6,
a vertical rack, which gives motion to a segmental wheel which actuates the
duplex-hooked lever 7, for drawing round the perforated cylinder 8, over
which the endless series of cards is passed. The upward traverse of the
slides 6 lift the catch bars 8, which form a part of the slides; these bars lift
the vertical catches 9, which are jointed to the lifting boards. The catches 9
are carried loosely in the upper ends of the supporting rods, and they are
caused to catch on the bars 8 in the sequence required by means of cams
formed on the small horizontal shafts 10. One of the catch bars 8 has con-
nected to it a link, which in the upward traverse of the bar causes the pawl 11
to draw round the wheel 12. The boss of this wheel forms a ratchet wheel
for the pawl 11 to fall into and draw it round; it has also a squared part,
against which the small vertical rod 13 is pressed by the helical spring 14, so
as to hold it firmly whilst the pawl 11 is inoperative. The bevel wheel 12 is
fast to a horizontal shaft extending across the jacquard machine; and it bas
at its other end a corresponding wheel. Each of these wheels gears with a
bevel wheel 15 on the shaft 10 formed with cams 16, so as to push in the
catches 9, and raises the boards in the order required. Should a false shot be
made, or it be requisite to turn the barrel 8 back to any required extent, this
is done by means of the lever 17, which, by means of a cord and handle, is
brought down within convenient reach of the operator. The drawing down of
this lever draws up the vertical rack, and so turns the barrel 8 in a backward
direction. As the cloth is woven, it passes round the roller 18, which is
covered with card cloth; this roller is actuated from the lathe by means of a
positive take-up motion. On the lathe is a segmental-shaped piece of metal,
which at each backward stroke of the lathe comes in contact with the lever 19,
which is centred on a stud fixed in the side standard. To a laterally projecting
arm of this lever is jointed a pawl 20, the central part of which is open, so
that it partly encircles the ratchet wheel, and allows the extremity to fall into
the teeth of the wheel. The lever is drawn upwards by the helical spring 21,
but is prevented from springing too high by the stop 22. The spring 21 is
made fast to the stud on which the ordinary double pawls 23 are carried. As
each shot of weft is thrown in, the lever 19 is depressed, causing the pawl 20
to draw the ratchet wheel 24 round to the extent of a shot, the ratchet wheel

page_text: being prevented from returning by the pawls 23. The motion of the ratchet
wheel is communicated, by means of a pinion on its axis, to the wheel 24 on
the spindle of the roller 18. The cloth is carried from the roller 18 to the
cloth beam 25; on the spindle of this beam is a ratchet wheel 26, indicated
by dotted lines. The ratchet wheel is actuated by a lever 27, which is
weighted at the backward end, and has jointed to the front part a pawl 28,
made like the pawl 20. A cam on the tappet shaft raises the lever 27 at
each stroke of the loom, and takes up the necessary amount of the ratchet
wheel 26, which is fast to the cloth beam 25. The arrangement of the
weighted lever 27 allows for the gradually increasing diameter of the cloth
beam as well as to avoid any slackness of the cloth. With these several
improvements the manufacture of two-ply or three-ply carpeting and other
fabrics is greatly facilitated, and a consequent saving in expense is effected.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe, in conclusion, that what I consider novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-
First, the general arrangement, construction, and combination of parts
forming the looms for weaving two-ply and three-ply carpeting and other
fabrics, as herein-before described, and shown in the accompanying Drawings,
or any mere modification of the same.
Second, the system or mode of weaving figured or other fabrics by means of
the mechanical arrangements herein-before described, and shown in the
accompanying Drawings, or any mere modification of or equivalent for the
said arrangements.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Platts, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighteenth day of February, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-two.
JAMES PLATTS. (L.S.)