Improvements in Grinding or Abrading Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 7th May, 1892-Accepted, 11th June, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Grinding or Abrading Machines.
I WILLIAM CRAVEN of the Vauxhall Fron Works, Osborne Street, Manchester
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
:-
My said invention relates to improvements in the construction of machines used
for grinding shaping or polishing hard substances by the abrading action of
rotating discs, rollers or wheels, such as emery wheels and the like.
According to my said invention, two or more such wheels are mounted in suitable
bearings in a frame, or carrier, capable of being rotated about its axis. Means
consisting preferably of a belt or belts and pullies are provided for imparting a
rotary motion to the grinding wheels.
When the carrier containing the grinding wheels is caused to rotate, as for
instance by means of a worm and worm wheel, the said grinding wheels will revolve
round the axis of the carrier, and any desired grinding wheel may be brought into
contact with the surface to be operated upon.
When using, for example, two emery wheels mounted in a rotating frame, one
of them may be composed of coarser material than the other for the purpose of
more rapidly abrading the article to be operated upon.
By rotating the frame, the second, or finer emery wheel may then be brought
into action for the purpose of imparting a smoother surface.
One or more of the rotating wheels in the carrier may be used as polishing wheels
for imparting a high degree of finish to the article operated upon.
A series of wheels having different profiles for producing correspondingly
different effects on the surface operated upon, according as one or other is brought
into action may be mounted in the rotating carrier.
The rotating carrier may be fixed or be provided with means for sliding
longitudinally along the object being operated on. The latter may be either fixed
or provided with traverse motions and in the case of cylindrical articles means for
holding the object being operated upon such as centre points or chucks as also
means for rotating the object itself may be provided.
Dated this Eleventh day of August 1891.
EDWARD TURNER WHITELOW,
70, Deansgate, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Grinding or Abrading Machines.
I WILLIAM CRAVEN of the Vauxhall Iron Works, Osborne Street, Manchester
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My said invention relates to improvements in the construction of machines used
for grinding shaping or polishing objects of metal and other hard material by the
abrading action of rotating discs, rollers, or wheels, such as emery wheels and
the like.
According to my said invention two or more of such wheels are mounted in
suitable bearings in a frame or carrier capable of being rotated for the purpose of

page_text: presenting one or other of the grinding wheels either alternately or in any desired
succession to the object to be ground.
For example when using two einery wheels one of them may be of coarser grain
than the other in order to more rapidly grind away the surface of the object being
operated on and to prepare it for the finishing action of the finer grained wheel.
When several wheels are mounted in a rotating carrier one of them may be used
as a polisher for imparting a smooth surface to the object.
My said invention may be carried into. practical effect in various modes and in
the accompanying two sheets of drawings I have shown modes of using two and
three wheels.
Referring to Sheet I of the said drawings
Figure I is a front elevation of an arrangement of two wheels only.
Figures II and III are end elevations thereof and
Figure IV is a plan partly in section.
In all the figures of this sheet the same letters refer to the same parts.
A indicates the object to be operated upon. are emery wheels mounted in a
carrier d capable of being rotated in a carriage sliding on a bed c¹ and provided
with the usual means such as a feed screw and nut for sliding the carriage to and
from the object A.
The carrier d is in this example rotated in either direction by means of a worm e
operated by the hand wheel e and gearing into the worm wheel secured to the
rotating carrier d. A stop is provided to enable the acting wheel to be securely
and easily set at the proper place after each partial revolution of the carrier d.
Each emery wheel is secured to a spindle & running in bearings 62 in the heads
of the carrier d. On the same spindle is fixed a small pulley driven by a belt
from the pulley on the countershaft. The diameter of the pulley is purposely
made so large, as compared with that of the pulley 63, that the connecting belt may
run clear of both the central part of the carrier d'and the pulley on the spindle of
that emery wheel which for the time being is out of action.
In Sheet II an arrangement of three wheels is illustrated.
In this sheet Figure V is a front elevation.
Figures VI and VII are end elevations and
Figure VIII is a plan partly in section.
In all the figures of this sheet the same letters refer to the same parts.
A represents the object to be operated on, c is the carriage, c' is the bed, bare
the emery wheels, the spindles thereof on which are secured the pulleys b³, b² are
the bearings for the spindles & in the ends of the carrier d. f is a driving pulley
on the countershaft from which the emery wheels are driven by a belt. All
those parts in this sheet which have the same letters of reference as in Sheet I have
corresponding functions and need no further description.
In the apparatus illustrated in Sheet II the carrier d is rotated by hand and to
ensure the operating wheel being set and locked in the proper position a hinged
latch is provided. A lug g' on the underside of the latch takes into one of the
notches or holes g2 in the carrier d. When it is required to rotate the carrier d
the latch g is lifted clear of the carrier.
When the carrier d is being rotated the driving pulleys 3 pass between the
pulley and the place to be occupied by the pulley of the operating wheel. Toi
enable this to take place and to connect at will the pulley of any one of the wheels
with the driving pulley f I provide a loose pulley running on a stud¹ secured to
the carriage c and in line with the spindle of the acting emery wheel.
h
When the carrier d is to be rotated for the purpose of bringing one of the other
emery wheels into action the belt is first transferred from the pulley 63 to the
pulley and after the change of wheel has been effected the belt is returned on to
the pulley b³ of the acting wheel. The driving pulley is as will be well understood
made sufficiently wide to enable this shifting of the belt to be accomplished.
A belt guide & operated by the handle ¹ is provided for shifting the belt from

page_text: one pulley to the other. Any desired number of abrading wheels may be used
according to the nature of the work to be performed and they may either be plain
wheels of graduated degrees of fineness or may have various profiles for producing
corresponding effects on the object being ground.
The construction and mode of using the carriage containing the rotating carrier
may be varied according to circumstances. In some cases it may be constructed
so as to slide longitudinally parallel with the surface of the object and the latter
may be either fixed or provided with means for rotating or sliding it in different
directions. The means for effecting this form no part of my said invention and
may be such as are commonly employed in emery wheel grinding machines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is-
In a grinding machine the use combination and arrangement of two or more
wheels in a rotating carrier with means for driving and employing them alternately
or in any desired succession substantially as hereinbefore described and set forth.
Dated this 6th day of May 1892.
EDWARD TURNER WHITELOW,
70, Deansgate, Manchester, Agent for the Applicant.