Improvements in or relating to Pneumatic Tyres, and Rims therefor.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Aug., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 11th May, 1896-Accepted, 4th July, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Pneumatic Tyres, and Rims therefor.
I, HENRY JOHN LAWSON of 74 Upper St. Martin's Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres and has special reference to the rims
for carrying the tyre and to the manner of fastening and releasing the edges of the
cover of the tyre.
In carrying out the invention I employ a rim preferably hollow and channelled
in its outer periphery, the edges conveniently being "undercut” or facing slightly
inwards, and outside this I have a second rim or band entirely independent of the
first preferably though not necessarily hollow and if necessary provided with beads
or enlargements at the edges, this second rim being slightly wider than the first
rim. The spokes are secured to the first rim which is really the felloc or rim
proper of the wheel.
The tyre or cover is made with beads or enlargements on its edges adapted to fit
inside the rim proper; the beads may be of any desired shape or size, and stretchable
or non-stretchable, hard or soft. The edges may with advantage be made square
or with flat faces adapted to abut against each other or against the rim and assist
in the secure fastening of the tyre. Or the edges may be T-shaped the cover
forming the stem of the T. Cork or other light material may be employed in
these beads if desired.
The second rim or hoop may be secured in its proper place upon the rim either
automatically as will presently be explained, or special means may be employed
for this purpose, a convenient form being to insert one or more internally screwed
nipples through the rim proper and screw through these set screws or the like the
ends of which take a hold in some manner upon the hoop. The hoop itself may be
formed with a groove or channel into which the ends of the screws would enter, or
holes or short slots or recesses may be provided for this purpose. The valve also
may pass through the rim proper and the hoop.
In placing the cover upon the wheel the air tube is placed upon the hoop which
is pushed to one side so that the bead upon one edge of the cover can be slipped
between the hoop and the rim and enter the channel in the latter. The hoop is
then pushed over to the other side and the other edge of the cover and its bead
inserted between the hoop and the rim and into the channel of the rim as before,
and when blown up the cover will be found to be securely fixed. To prevent the
possibility of the boop slipping sideways when in use, some means as before
mentioned may be employed to secure it. For the sake of lightness and neatness
as well as strength I prefer to make the rim proper exceedingly narrow, only wide
enough in fact to enclose the beads upon the edges of the cover; the hoop or band
is wider than the rim and may be made of any desired width according to the tyre,
to be carried preferably however I only leave sufficient space between the outer
edge of the rim and the inner edge of the bead upon the edge of the hoop to.
accommodate the thickness of the cover.
In the arrangement above described the hoop is intended to be a complete hoop.
or ring without means of altering its diameter; where desired however the hoop
may be made with the ends separate or, separable so that the diameter can be
varied and the hoop either instead of or in, addition to the sideways movement
may be compressed-by reducing its diameter-upon the cover so that the latter is

page_text: gripped between the band and the rim. Any convenient means may be employed
for reducing the diameter of the rim as for instance a right and left-hand screw
connection, a rack and pinion connection or other equivalent means.
Dated this 9th day of August 1895.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
I, HENRY JOHN LAWSON of 74 Upper St. Martin's Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres and has special reference to the rims
for carrying the tyre and to the manner of fastening and releasing the edges of the
cover of the tyre.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings
in which
Figures 1 and 2 are sections of two different arrangements constructed according
to this invention, and
Figure 3 is a view showing the hoop and cover of the device illustrated in Fig. 2
as when they are removed from the wheel and opened for the insertion or removal
of the air tube.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
In carrying out the invention I employ a rim A preferably hollow and channelled
in its outer periphery, the edges A' conveniently being "undercut "
inwards and outside this I have a second rim or band B entirely independent of the
or facing slightly
rim A, preferably (as shown in the drawings) though not necessarily, hollow, and
if necessary provided with beads or enlargements B' at the edges, this second rim
being slightly wider than the rim A. The spokes are secured to the rim A which
is really the felloe or rim proper of the wheel.
The tyre or cover C is made with beads or enlargements C¹ on its edges adapted
to fit inside the rim A; the beads may be of any desired shape or size, and
stretchable or non-stretchable, hard or soft. The edges may with advantage be
made square or as shown with flat faces adapted to abut against each other or
against the rim A and assist in the secure fastening of the tyre. Or the edges may
be T-shaped the cover forming the stem of the T. Cork or other light material
may be employed in these beads if desired.
The rim or hoop B may be secured in its proper place upon the rim either
automatically as will presently be explained or special means may be employed for
this purpose, a convenient form being to insert one or more internally screwed
nipples D through the rim A and screw through these set screws or the like E the
ends of which take a hold in some manner upon the hoop B. The hoop B may be
formed with a groove or channel B2 into which the ends of the screws E would
enter, or holes or short slots or recesses may be provided for this purpose. The
valve also may pass through the rim A and hoop B.
In placing the cover C upon the wheel the air tube F is placed upon the hoop B
which is pushed to one side so that the bead C¹ upon one edge of the cover can be
slipped between the hoop B and the rim A and enter the channel in the latter.
The hoop B is then pushed over to the other side and the other edge of the
cover C and its bead C¹ inserted between the hoop B and the rim A and into the
channel of the rim as before, and when' blown up the cover will be found to be
securely fixed. To prevent the possibility of the hoop slipping sideways when in

page_text: use, some means as before mentioned may be employed to secure it. For the sake
of lightness and neatness as well as strength I prefer as shown in Fig. 1 to make-
the rim A exceedingly narrow, only wide enough in fact to enclose the beads C₁
upon the edges of the cover C; the hoop or baud B in the example shown in Fig. 1
is wider than the rim A and may be made of any desired width according to the
tyre to be carried-preferably however I only leave sufficient space between_the-
outer edge of the rim A and the inner edge of the beads B¹ upon the hoop B to
accommodate the thickness of the cover C.
Fig. 2 indicates the manner of applying my invention to a woolen wheel having
an ordinary flat metal tyre. In this example the screws E pass radially through
the wooden felloe A and are threaded into and extend beyond the metal tyre A
and, as in Fig. 1, engage with the groove B of the hoop. In this example also-
I may if desired fasten one edge of the cover C to the hoop B, as by a canvas
strip D so as to admit of the tyre or cover being opened from one side only; the
strip D may be solutioned or in any other convenient manner secured to the-
cover C and hoop B. The strip Ď may or may not be used according to
requirement. In other respects the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 is substantially-
similar to that previously described.
In the arrangements above described the hoop B is intended to be a complete.
hoop or ring without means of altering its diameter; where desired however the
hoop may be made with the ends separate or separable so that the diameter can be
varied and the hoop either instead of or in addition to, the sideways movement
may be compressed-by reducing its diameter-upon the cover C so that the latter
Is guipped between the band B and the rim A. Any convenient means may be
employed for reducing the diameter of the band as for instance a right and left-
band screw connection, a rack and pinion connection or other equivalent meaus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. The combination with a wheel rin and a hoop such as B of devices such as
the groove B and one or more screws E substantially as and for the purpose
described.
2. In a pneumatic tyre in which the cover is secured upon the rim by means of
a hoop such as B the employment of a hoop such as B of greater width than
the rim.
3. In a pneumatic tyre the combination with a channelled wheel rim and a cover
having beads or enlargements lying in the channel when the tyre is in position on
the rim of a hoop such as B of greater width than the edges of the rim which
form the channel substantially as described or as illustrated in Figure 1 of the
accompanying drawings.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete wheel
rim and tyre substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 1 or Figure 2 or
Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 9th day of May 1896.
H. J. LAWSON.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.