AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CUTTING AFTER WEAVING THE VELVETS AND OTHER FABRICS WHICH ARE WOVEN FACE TO FACE
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Florimond Bayart, of Roubaix (France), Manu-
facturer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CUTTING
AFTER WEAVING THE VELVETS AND OTHER FABRICS WHICH ARE WOVEN FACE
TO FACE."
Sealed the 3rd February 1874, and dated the 8th September 1878.

page_text: The machine will serve to cut all kinds of double wovon velvets,
whether of silk, wool, or cotton, or any other textilo material:-
The good working of this machine and the perfection of the results
produced by it depend upon the following peculiaritics :----
1st. A partial rotative movability of a circular knife, which after 5
each cutting of the fabric turns a determined distance, so as to cut at
the following operation with a fresh portion of the edge.
2ndly. An arrangement of little grindstones, intended to grind tho
knife after cach cutting, and of setting leathers or strops, intended to
soften and sct the edge to the desired degree, and which assure the 1
perfect regularity of the cutting, which without this invariable
sharpening and setting would infallibly be very irregular, just according
to the more or less bad condition of the knife.
The machine consists of the following organs and in the following
arrangement :-A shaft No. 1, put in motion by a command pulley, an 1
endless screw fixed to this shaft, a gcaring put in motion by the endless
screw, a pinion commanded by this gearing, and another gearing com-
manded by the pinion.
A second shaft No. 2 is put in motion by the second gearing, a fly
wheel is fixed upon the first shaft No. 1. A crank carried upon the 2
fly wheel by a pin gives to the knife fixed at its extremity a to-and-fro
movement. Parallel cylindrical shafts are laid horizontally and fixed
upon the frame of the machine.
A picce fixed to the crank by a pin slides upon bearings on the
cylindrical shafts, in order to actuato a circular movable knife through a 2
third shaft No. 3, which is fixed by two pads upon the piece fixed to the
said crank No. 3, and a hook fixed upon one of the cylindrical shafts
can be raised or lowered at will by means of the pressuro screw.
Beneath the hook a slit is made, and a lever with a hook forms a stop to
one of the slides, with its lower portion formed with a slit, and is lifted 3
at each return stroke by the slit of the hook. This lever pivots upon
the shaft No. 8, and a support is attached to it at two points. A catch
is fixed upon this support and works into a ratchet wheel, being impelled
by a spring, also fixed upon the support. The ratchet wheel is fixed
upon the shaft No. 3, and turns little by little at each of the return 3
strokes of the to-and-fro movement with the shaft No. 3 under the action

page_text: of the lever upon the hook. Little grindstones are carried upon the picce
of the crank by a rod attached to a support, and this rod is provided with
a spring and a little pulley. The spring renders the friction of the
stones against the movable knife somewhat elastic. Little hollow
pulleys are fixed upon the knife and turn with the shaft No. 3.
The little motion straps for the grindstones are actuated by special
pulleys. The leathers for setting and softening the edge of the knife
are carried by supports upon the grindstone, and are provided with
springs so as to exert an elastic pressure. A. pulley put in motion by a
strap is used when it is necessary to sharpen the knife, and a special
catch is lifted. A piece divided into two portions movable by two screws
which permit the separation to be regulated forms a division for the
passage of the knife, and serve as a point of departure for the divided
fabric.
A special piece supporting the last-named piece in two movable
portions and is regulated by pressure screws, which by raising or lowering
this piece at will permit the depth of the cutting of the fabric to bo
regulated. A roller held by two pressure weights receives the doubly
thick fabric before being cut. Other and special rollers of copper pro-
vided with steel points lead the fabric into the division of the divided
picce under the movable knife. Other rollers of copper with steel
points fixed upon the shaft No. 2 serve for the traction of the cut fabric.
A third gearing is carried and put in motion by the shaft No. 2. A
fourth intermediate gearing communicates the movement to a filth
gearing carried upon a fourth shaft No. 4. This shaft carries a roller
provided with steel points serving for the traction of the cut fabric.
Horizontal bars serve to lay the fabric upon the above-mentioned
rollers provided with steel points. Other rollers receive the cut fabrics,
and are actuated by straps from the shafts Nos. 4 and 2.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-threo, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Florimond Bayart, Her special
licenco that I, the said Florimond Bayart, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Florimond Bayart, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING AFTER WEAVING THE VELVETS AND OTHER FABRICS WHICH
ARE WOVEN FACE TO FACE," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Florimond Bayart, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Florimond Bayart, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings here-
unto annexed, that is to say :-
The object of this Invention is a machine for cutting into two pieces
after weaving, and in the direction or through the thickness of a piece
of velvet produced by double warp weaving, so as to form by this
cutting two distinct and separate pieces of velvet.
The machine will serve to cut all kinds of double woven velvets,
whether of silk, wool, or cotton, or any other textile material.
The good working of this machine and the perfection of the results
produced by it depend upon the following peculiarities :-
1st. A partial rotative movability of a circular knife, which after
cach cutting of the fabric turns a determined distance so as to cut at
the following operation with a fresh portion of the edge.

page_text: 2ndly. An arrangement of little grindstones intended to grind the
knife after each cutting, and of setting leathers or strops intended to
soften and set the edge to the desired degree, and which assure the
perfect regularity of the cutting which without this invariable
sharpening and setting would infallibly be very irregular, just according
to the more or less bad condition of the knife.
The annexed Drawings will enable the construction and action of the
improved apparatus to be readily understood.
Figure 1 is a plan; Figure 2, a transverse section made through
the line A, B, of Figure 1; Figure 3, a view of one of the sides of the
machine; while Figure 4 is an end view, showing the gearing of tho
traction rollers.
The machine consists of the following organs and in the following
arrangement:-A shaft 2 put in motion by a command pulley 1, an
endless screw 3 fixed to this shaft 2, a gearing 4 put in motion by the
endless screw 3, a pinion 5 commanded by this gearing 4, and another
gearing 6 commanded by the pinion 5.
A second shaft 7 is put in motion by the socond gearing 6, a fly
wheel 8 is fixed upon the shaft 2. A crank 9 carried upon the fly
wheel 8 by a pin gives to the knife fixed at its extremity a to-and-fro
movement. Parallel cylindrical shafts 10 aro laid horizontally and fixed
upon the frame of the machine.
A piece 11 fixed to the crank by a pin slides upon bearings 12 on the
cylindrical shafts, in order to actuate a circular moveable knife 13
through a third shaft 14 fixed by two pads upon the piece 11 and
carrying the said circular knife, and a hook 15 fixed upon one of the
cylindrical shafts 10 can be raised or lowered at will by means of
pressure screws 16. Beneath the hook a slit is made, and a lever 17
with a hook forms a stop to one of the slides 12, and has its lower
portion formed with a slit, and is lifted at each return stroke by the slit
of the hook 15. This lever pivots upon the shaft 14, and a support 18
is attached to it at two points. A catch 19 is fixed upon the support 18
and works into a ratchet wheel 20, being impelled by a spring, also fixed
upon the support 18. The ratchet wheel 20 is fixed upon the shaft 14,
and turns little by little at each of the return strokes of the to-and-fro
movement with the shaft 14 under the action of the lover 17 upon the

page_text: hook 15. Littlo grindstones 21 are carried upon the piece 11 of the
crank by a rod attached to a support, and this rod is provided with a
spring and a little pulley. The spring renders the friction of the stonos
against the moveable knife 13 somewhat more clastic. Little hollow
pulleys are fixed upon the knife 13 and turn with the shaft 14.
E
The little motion straps 23 for the grindstones 21 aro actuated by
special pulleys 22. The leathers for setting and softening the edge of
the knife 13 are carried by supports upon the grindstone 11, and aro
provided with springs so as to exert an clastic pressure. A pulley 25
put in motion by a strap is used when it is necessary to sharpen the 1
knife 13, and a special catch 19 is then lifted. A picce 26 divided into
two portions moveable by two screws which permit the separation to bo
regulated forms a division for the passage of the knife 13, and sorvo as
a point of departure for the divided fabric.
A special piece 27 supports the last-named picce 26 in two movcable 1
portions, and is regulated by pressure scrows, which by raising or
lowering this piece at will permit the depth of the cutting of the fabric
to be regulated. A roller 28 held by two pressure weights receives tho
doubly thick fabric before being cut. Other and special rollers of
copper provided with steel points lead the fabric into the division of the
divided piece 26 under the moveable knifo 13. Other rollers of copper 30
with steel points fixed upon the shaft 17 servo for the traction of the cut
fabric. A third gearing 31 is carried and put in motion by the shaft -7.
A fourth intermediate gearing 32 communicates through the movement
to a fifth gearing 33 actuated by the wheels 31 and 32 carried upon a 2
fourth shaft 34. This shaft 31 carries a roller 35 provided with steel
points serving for the traction of the cut fabric like the roller 30.
Horizontal bars 36 serve to lay the fabric upon the rollers 35 and 30
provided with steel points. Other rollers 37 receive the cut fabrics, and
are actuated by straps from the shafts 31 and 7.
38 indicates the direction taken by the doubly thick fabric; 89, tho
direction followed by the fabric when cut; and 40, the reservoir for the
oil which lubricates the shafts 10.
"
And having now described the nature of my said Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,—
First. Tho improved apparatus for cutting or dividing after weaving
2

page_text: velvets and other fabrics woven face to face, substantially as herein-
before described and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The method whereby the partial rotation of the knife is
effected after each cutting of the fabric, substantially as herein-before
described and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
And, Thirdly. The method whereby the said knife is sharpened after
cach cutting, in proportion as it works, substantially as herein-before
described and shown in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Florimond Bayart, have hercunto
set my hand and seal, this Third day of March, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-four.
Witness,
ALBERT CAHEN,
Civil Engineer,
of 32, Boulevard Magenta,
at Paris.
F. BAYART. (L.S.)