.CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WRAZING
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Lacey Davies, of the Firm of John Davies and
Son, of 4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Patent Agent, for the Invention of ".CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WRAZING"
Sealed the 3rd October 1866, and dated the 7th April 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Lacey Davies at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
April 1866.
I, JOHN LACEY DAVIES, of the Firm of John Davies & Son, of 4, St. Ann's
Square, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent, do hereby.
declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS:
FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to that part of looms termed " temples," and is designed
for the purpose of distending the fabric and keeping it distended as it is woven
without injuring the fabric by the use of points or pins as hitherto used. The
improvements are applicable to looms for weaving most descriptions of fabrics,
but especially in weaving "horse-hair cloth "or in weaving "leno " or other

page_text: light, open, or lace-like fabrics; and the improvements consist in the application
and use of a shaft around which a length of india-rubber, gutta percha, soft
cord, or rope, or other yielding substance is coiled or wound in a right and
left banded spiral course, commencing at about the middle of the length of the
shaft and extending towards the extremities; the right and left handed spiral
elevations thus formed are to be coated with glue and emery, sand, or other
rough particles, and when dry and ready for use the shaft or "temple" thus
formed is to be mounted in bearings at each side of the loom, and the fabric to
be distended is to be in contact with it and may pass over or under it, so that
as the fabric is wound upon the cloth beam it causes the shaft or temple to
rotate and becomes spread from the centre of its width and distended laterally
by the action of the right and left handed screw-like elevations as it passes over
them; or if preferred the "temple" may be driven and not dependant upon
the friction of the fabric only. When it is necessary to "let back" the fabric
from the cloth beam the temple is so arranged in its bearings that it may be
taken out of contact with the fabric; and in order that the fabric may be kept
<listended at the proper width, and the few last "picks" woven may be prevented
from shrinking when the "temple" is removed, a spring, screw, or weighted
clip is arranged to hold the part of the selvedges liable to shrink simultaneously
with the removal of the "temple," and the clip being mounted in grooves in the
framing may slide back with the fabric, though still keeping it distended. I
would also add that the right and left handed spiral elevations may not only
be used singly but may be multiplied, like a double or multiplied threaded
screw.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Lacey Davies in the Great Seal Patent Office: on the
6th October 1866.
:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
LACEY DAVIES, of the Firm of John Davies & Son, of 4; St. Ann's Square,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of April, in the year of our Lord.One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of Her reign
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Lacey Davies, Her special license that I, the said John Lacey Davies,

page_text: my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Lacey Davies, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN Looms
FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Lacey
Davies, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Lacey Davies, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
My Invention relates to that part of looms termed " temples," and is designed
for the purpose of distending the fabric and keeping it distended as it is woven
without injuring the fabric by the use of points or pins as hitherto used. The
improvements are applicable to looms for weaving most descriptions of fabrics,
but especially in weaving "horse-bair cloth," or in weaving "leno" or other
light, open, or lace-like fabrics; and the improvements consist in the application
and use of a shaft around which a length of india-rubber, gutta percha, soft
cord or rope, or other yielding substance is coiled or wound in a right and left
handed spiral course, commencing at about the middle of the length of the
shaft and extending towards the extremities; the right and left handed spiral
elevations thus formed are to be coated with glue and emery, sand, or other
rough particles, and when dry and ready for use the shaft or "temple" thus
formed is to be mounted in bearings at each side of the loom, and the fabric
to be distended is to be in contact with it and may pass over or under it, so
that as the fabric is wound upon the cloth beam it causes the shaft or temple
to rotate and becomes spread from the centre of its width, and distended
laterally by the action of the right and left handed screw-like elevations as it
passes over them; or if preferred the "temple "may be driven and not dependant
upon the friction of the fabric only. When it is necessary to "let back "- the
fabric from the cloth beam the temple is so arranged-in its bearings that it may
be taken out of contact with the fabric ;. in order that the fabric may be kept

page_text: distended at the proper width, and the few last "picks" woven may be prevented
from shrinking when the temple is removed, a spring, screw, or weighted clip
is arranged to hold the part of the selvages liable to shrink simultaneously
with the removal of the temple, and the clip being mounted in grooves in the
framing may, slide back with the fabric, though still keeping it distended. I
would also add that the right and left handed spiral elevations may not only be
used singly but may be multiplied, like a double or multiplied threaded screw.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings, Fig: 1 being made upon
a scale of about three inches to the foot, and Fig. 2 about six inches to the
foot; similar letters of reference being marked upon corresponding parts of the
:apparatus.
Fig. 1 represents a plan view of the breast beam and ", slay" of a loom
having the improved "temple" shewn applied thereto; and Fig. 2 represents
an end elevation of the "temple" and its bearing, shewing more particularly
the apparatus in connection with the sliding bearing which is employed for
retaining the cloth or fabric in a distended state when the spiral temple is
lowered or taken out of contact during the operation of "letting back" the
fabric from the cloth beam.
In. Figs. 1 and 2, a, a, is the breast beam; 6, the slay; and c, the temple
bar or rod, in which is formed spiral grooves extending in opposite directions
outward from the middle of its length; these grooves contain and hold a coal
or rib of india-rubber or other elastic material which forms right and left handed
worms or threads, and the bar and coils are caused to revolve by the passage
of the fabric on to the cloth roller, being in close contact therewith; thus the
fabric is distended from the centre of its width to the selvages on each side,
but should it become necessary to "let back" the cloth, the sliding bracket d,
supplied with the slot e in which the ends of the temple bar are supported, is
forced in by the handle f, which lowers the temple out of contact with the
reloth, and at the same time through the medium of the incline 9 forces the
lever h, which is provided with holding pins, into contact with the selvages
on each side, thereby retaining the cloth in its distended state until the sliding
bracket d is withdrawn and the temple brought into contact with the cloth;
the sliding bracket d is supported by and slides on the bracket i secured to
the breast beam.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly
understood that I claim the novel application and use of the apparatus for

page_text: distending fabrics and for keeping them distended during the process of
manufacture, as herein-before described, set forth, and fully illustrated in the
Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Lacey Davies, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifth day of October, in the year our Lord One
thousand eight bundred and sixty-six.
JOHN LACEY DAVIES. (L.S.)