IMPROVED MEANS FOR PREVENTING ROLLER LAPS ON ROLLER ENDS OF MACHINES FOR CARDING COTTON, WOOLLEN, FLAX, OR ANY OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Edwards, Manager, of Bridge Cottage,
Farrington, near Preston, and James Quin, India-rubber Manu-
facturer, of Golden Hill, Leyland, near Preston, both in the County
of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MEANS FOR PREVENTING
ROLLER LAPS ON ROLLER ENDS OF MACHINES FOR CARDING COTTON, WOOLLEN,
FLAX, OR ANY OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL."
Sealed the 24th May 1870, and dated the 29th November 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Edwards and
James Quin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 29th November 1869.
We, JOSEPH EDWARDS, Manager, of Bridge Cottage, Farrington, near
Preston, and JAMES QUIN, India-rubber Manufacturer, of Golden Hill,
Leyland, near Preston, both in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS FOR PRE-
VENTING ROLLER LAPS OF ROLLER ENDS OF MACHINES FOR CARDING COTTON,
WOOLLEN, FLAX, OR ANY OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to prevent the roller laps on the roller
ends of carding machines. This we effect by employing suitable fixings

page_text: (made either of cast iron, wood, brass, pasteboard, tin, zinc, india-rubber,
or any other suitable material) which we fix or place on and above the
centre of the clearers, rollers, and taker-in at the top side of the roller
ends under the cover, and inside of the "taker-in" case between the
framing of the "taker-in," or in any other suitable position or positions.
The Invention further consists of an improved stand or bracket for
carrying the rollers and clearers at the time of grinding and stripping
the doffers and cylinders. This is made so as to be capable of being
easily and readily applied to carding engines of any make, size, or shape.
By the use of the improved brackets or stands the necessity of lifting
the rollers and clearers off the engines is obviated as all that is necessary
is to lift them on the stand over the centre of the cylinder, thereby
enabling the strippers and grinders to do their work without adopting
the usual plan or mode of lifting them from the cards, and preventing
the possibility of the card wire getting knocked or in anywise injured.
The following are among the many advantages gained by the employ-
ment of the fixings, namely, a great saving of cotton effected when one
carding engine is fitted up with the same; the laps on the roller ends
are dispensed with, effecting a saving of about 68 pounds of cotton or a
proportionate quantity of flax, woollen, or any other fibrous material
from each card of eight rollers and five clearers; also the cotton is
entirely kept clear from the roller necks, effecting a saving in oil and
preventing wearing of the necks, allowing the roller to be kept down in
its proper place in the steps, thereby preventing bad work occurring
from the roller being lifted out of its place by loose fly accumulating
between the roller necks and the ends of the rollers. The Invention is
very simple in its arrangement and can be easily applied to any existing
machine for carding.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Edwards and James Quin in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 28th May 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
EDWARDS, Manager, of Bridge Cottage, Farrington, near Preston, and
JAMES QUIN, India-rubber Manufacturer, of Golden Hill, Leyland, near
Preston, both in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the. Twenty-ninth day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs. and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Joseph, Edwards and James
Quin, Her special licence that we, the said Joseph. Edwards and
James Quin, our executors,, administrators, and assigns, or such others.
as we, the said Joseph Edwards and James Quin, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, tho
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS
FOR PREVENTING ROLLER LAPS ON ROLLER ENDS OF MACHINES FOR CARDING
COTTON, WOOLLEN, FLAX, OR ANY OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Joseph Edwards and James Quin,
our executors. or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
our, or one of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joseph Edwards and James
Quin, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement, in writing, reference
being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, that is to say:-
Our said Invention has for one of its objects to prevent "roller lapsi
or the wrapping of fibrous material on the roller ends of spindles of
machines for carding cotton, woollen, flax, or any other fibrous material,
and for that purpose we adapt certain fixings to the said roller ends so
as as to fill and close the spaces and openings that exist about the roller
ends at those parts in ordinary machines. Our said Invention also
comprises the application of brackets which can be attached to the
carding machines, and upon which the rollers and clearers can be placed
whenever it is necessary to grind and strip the doffers and cylinders.
These brackets render it unnecessary to remove the rollers and clearers

page_text: away from the carding engines, and the risk of knocking and and
injuring the wire card is hereby avoided.
And in order that our said Invention and the manner of performing
the same may be properly understood we have hereunto appended a
Sheet of explanatory Drawings, to be herein-after referred to, and repre-
senting modifications of our improved appliances. The same reference
numerals, as used in the Drawings, are used to mark the same or like
parts wherever they are repeated.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a carding engine with the covers 1 held
up to show the application of our fixings or closing pieces 2; Figures 2,
3, and 4, are enlarged views of a portion of the closing pieces where the
roller end 3 passes through, Figure 2 being an elevation, Figure 3 a
vertical section through the closing pieces only at right angles to
Figure 2, and Figure 4 a plan.
The carding engine, which is represented in the Drawings in an
incomplete state, and only so far as is considered desirable for
explaining our Invention, is of a well-known construction and need not
be described in detail. In ordinary machines the space between the roller
ends or journals 3 of the various rollers is open, which allows the fibrous
material to get wound or wrapped upon the roller ends and so form
what are known as "roller laps." We prevent this action by inserting
closing pieces 2, the shape of which for the machine illustrated on the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings is shown more clearly at cither side of
Figure 1 (made of wood, cast iron, pasteboard, tin, zinc, rubber, or any
suitable material) so as to fit upon the roller ends 3 and up against
the ends of the "card" part of the rollers, but not fitting so tightly as
to cause friction. These closing pieces 2 effectually prevent the wrapping
action, and by closing the openings stop the draughts of air which tend
to blow the fibrous materials outwards or towards the ends of the rollers.
The arrangement of the various rollers about the carding cylinder varies
in different makes of machine as is well known, but our improved
fixings are obviously adaptable to any make. They are applied in a
very simple form in the modification shown in the Drawing. There are
two pairs of closing pieces 2 on each side of the machine, one pair on
each side being under each cover. Each pair of closing pieces, see
figures at side of Figure 1, consists of an under or inner and an upper
or outer piece, and when put together presents the appearance of a board

page_text: of curved outline with a series of holes (corresponding to the roller
ends 3), and which is cut through in lines running from hole to hole.
The inner closing pieces partly indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1 are
put in position before placing the various rollers, also shown in dotted
lines in Figure 1; they fill up the space. between the ends of the main
cylinder and the sides of the casing, and project beyond the circle of the
large cylinder out to the roller ends 3. The rollers are then put in their
places, and the upper closing pieces 2 are then applied, being steadied
by steady pins which being fixed in them are entered into holes in the
lower pieces. Strips 4 of rubber tubing are tacked to the outer edge of
the outer pieces 2, and when the covers 1 are brought down make a
practically air-tight joint which prevents any outward air currents; or
when required we place india-rubber tubing between the upper and
lower closing pieces 2. so as to provide an extra precaution against the
occurrence of the outward draught. The upper closing pieces have fixed
to them over each hole or roller end notch caps 5 which cover the
upper sides of the roller ends or journals 3. where they rest in their
stands or bearings. These caps provent fibres from getting upon the
journals and effect a great saving in oil, whilst they also act bencficially
in keeping the journals down in their places.
In carding engines of the make in which there are what are known
as "flats" or spaces round a part of the carding cylinder where there
are no rollers a plain closing piece 6, such as is shown in Figure 5, is
applied, a strip 4 of rubber tubing being applied on the outer edge, as in
the first-described modifications; also in some makes of machines it is
more convenient to apply to the ends or roller ends of the "taker-in "
roller a separate stopping piece 7, as shown in Figure 6, and which is
fitted with a sliding piece 8 to be removed to allow of the roller being
lifted out when required.
Our improved brackets for supporting the various rollers off the main
cylinder without removing them away from the machine are shown in
Figures 7 and 8. Two pairs are in general to be used with cach machine,
and one of each pair is shown in the Figures, but the forms may be
varied and number of notches to receive the roller ends may be arranged
to suit any make of carding engines. Their positions when attached to
the carding engines are indicated by dotted lines at 9 in Figure 1. They
may be simply inserted into sockets formed or fixed for them on the
outside of the framing, or they may be fixed by serew bolts passing

page_text: through slots formed in them for the purpose and admitting of
adjustment.
Having thus particularly described our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we have to state that we
do not restrict ourselves to the precise details herein described or
delineated, but that what we believe to be novel and original, and claim
as the Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent is,―
Firstly. The providing of carding engines with filling and closing
pieces, substantially as herein-before described, for preventing "roller
laps" and the waste of fibrous materials.
Secondly. The applying of brackets to carding engines for supporting
the rollers and clearers when lifted away from the main cylinder,
substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joseph Edwards and James Quin,
have hereunto set our hands and scals, this Twenty-sixth day
of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy.