IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING SEWAGE AND OTHER WATERS AND MATTERS
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Michael Loam, of Treskerby House, Truro, Cornwall,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING SEWAGE
AND OTHER WATERS AND MATTERS."
Sealed the 6th May 1859, and dated the 1st February 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Michael Loam at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
February 1859.
I, MICHAEL LOAM, of Treskerby House, Truro, Cornwall, do hereby declare
the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING
SEWAGE AND OTHER WATERS AND MATTERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for raising
sewage and other waters and matters. For these purposes a cylindrical wheel
is employed, having buckets formed at its periphery, and opening into the
interior thereof; these buckets, as the wheel revolves, receive the waters and
matters when at their lowest position, and deliver the same after they have
risen above the level of the axis. The outer circumference of the wheel is
closed in, and the sides also, to such an extent as is necessary to produce the
requisite depth of buckets, and the circular or ring trough thus produced is
divided into buckets by inclined plates or partitions, over the edges of which
partitions the sewage or other waters or matters are delivered when the wheel
is in action. The wheel is carried by a central axis, and its periphery is
connected therewith by a central row or rows of spokes.
other waters or matters flow from the sewer or other
The sewage or
source into the

page_text: buckets on the interior of the wheel as they pass under the axis, and such
sewage or other waters may be brought in on both sides of the wheel or only
on one side of the wheel, as may be preferred. Above the axis of the wheel
is formed a canal or trough, which enters into the interior of the wheel on both
sides, leaving a space between the two parts for the passage between them of
the central spokes of the wheel, and the sewage or other waters or matters
flow from such canal or trough by two branches, which pass one on each side
of the periphery of the wheel into the upper sewer or other channel by which
the waters or matters are conveyed away. Around the exterior of the wheel
cog teeth are formed, into which a pinion driven by steam power gears.
The wheel when used for lifting sewage may either be employed to lift all
matters brought down by the sewage, or provision may be made to separate
the larger solid matters from the waters before the waters are lifted by the
wheel, or the larger solid. matters may be separated after the sewage has been
lifted, and before it passes into the upper sewer. A wheel of a similar con-
struction may be arranged to lift sludge and other matters when more or less
separated from water,
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Michael Loam in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st
August 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MICHAEL
LOAM, of Treskerby House, Truro, Cornwall, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Michael Loam, Her special licence that I, the said Michael Loam, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Michael
Loam, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING SEWAGE AND OTHER WATERS AND MATTERS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Michael Loam,
any executors or administrators, by an instrument. in writing under my, or

page_text: their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Michael Loam, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement thereof, that is to say:—
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for raising
sewage and other waters and matters. For these purposes a cylindrical wheel
is employed, having buckets formed at its periphery and opening into the
interior thereof; these buckets as the wheel revolves receive the waters and
matters when at their lowest position, and deliver the same after they have
risen above the level of the axis. The outer circumference of the wheel is
closed in, and the sides also, to such an extent as is necessary to produce the
requisite depth of buckets, and the circular or ring trough thus produced
is divided into buckets by inclined plates or partitions, over the edges of which
partitions the sewage or other waters or matters are delivered when the wheel
is in action. The wheel is carried by a central axis, and its periphery is
connected therewith by a central row or rows of spokes. The sewage or
other waters or matters flow from the sower or other source into the buckets
on the interior of the wheel as they pass under the axis, and such sewage or
other waters may be brought in on both sides of the wheel, or only on one side
of the wheel, as may be preferred. Above the axis of the wheel is formed a
canal or trough, which enters into the interior of the wheel on both sides,
leaving a space between the two parts for the passage between them of the
central spokes of the wheel, and the sewage or other waters or matters flow
from such canal or trough by two branches, which pass one on each side of the
periphery of the wheel into the upper sewer or other channel by which the
waters or matters are conveyed away. Around the exterior of the wheel, cog
teeth are formed, into which a pinion driven by steam power gears.
"
And in order that my said Invention may be most fully understood, and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto
annexed.

page_text: other waters and matters arranged according to my Invention. a is an axis
carried in suitable bearings supported by piers of masonry or otherwise; b, b,
are bosses of cast iron fixed on the axis; c, c, are-spokes attached at one end to
the bosses b, and at the other to the rings of boiler plate d, d; to these rings
the external hoop e, also of boiler plate, is secured; it carries two flanges f,f,
projecting inwards towards the axis. The parts e and f thus form a circular
ring trough divided in the centre by the rings d, d, to which the spokes are
attached; 9, 9, are inclined partitions dividing the trough into separate buckets;
h, h, are conduits by which the water and matters to be raised are brought
to the wheel and discharged directly into the buckets; they open into a trough
built in masonry or otherwise formed, in which the wheel works; this trough
rises to the top of the conduits h, h, or higher if preferred. In some cases one
conduit his employed in place of two, suitable passages being then provided
to connect the buckets on one side of the wheel with those on the other; i, i,
are cog teeth fixed on the external hoop e of the wheel, and which gear with
a pinion driven by steam power arranged in any convenient position round the
circumference of the wheel; j,j, are launders or troughs, one on each side of
the wheel, into which the buckets discharge the waters and matters when raised;
they both lead into the upper level conduit. The wheel when used for lifting
sewage may either be employed to lift all matters brought down by the sewage,
or provision may be made to separate the larger solid matters from the waters
before the waters are lifted by the wheel, but this is not necessary. If it be
desired, the larger solid matters may be separated after the sewage has been
lifted, and before it passes into the upper sewer. A wheel of a similar con-
struction may be arranged to lift sludge and other matters when more or less
separated from water.
In witness whereof, I, the said Michael Loam, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.