IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES FOR PAINT, VARNISH, PASTL, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES, AND IN TOOLS AND APPLIANCES USED TITRLFOR
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Inddan, of the Firm of Herbert and Company,
Patent Agents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES FOR
PAINT, VARNISH, PASTL, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES, AND IN TOOLS AND
APPLIANCES USED TITRLFOR" A communication from abroad by John Lake
Whiting, of Boston, State of Massachusetts, United States of America
Sealed the 28th March 1877, and dated the 31st January 1877.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st January 1877
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Fun of Herbert and Company, Patent Agents,
of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES FOR PAINT, VARNISH, PASTE, AND OTHER LIKE
PURPOSES, AND IN TOOLS AND APPLIANCES USED THEREFOR A communication
from abroad by John Lake Whiting, of Boston, State of Massachusetts, United
States of America
27
My Invention relates to new and useful improvements in the manufacture of
paint, vainish, and paste biuslics, etc, and consists, first, in improvements in the
construction of said brushes, secondly, in improved clamps for the purpose of
confining the bustles of one or more brushes while the handles are being driven,
and thudly, to improvements in the diving tools, by which the butt or handle or
both are diven into the mass of the bustles while the latter are confined between
the clamps
The bi ushes are constructed as follows -Either by making suitable projections
on the butt, forming one piece with the handle, and after wards diving the said
projections within the mass of the bristles arter the latter have been secured in
the clamps and a suitable ferrule placed around then upper ends, or by making the
butt and handle in two distinct parts, the butt being provided on its under side
with suitable projections, and having a tapering or straight hole through its cential
portion, through which the handle is driven from below, the lower end of said
handle being made with a tapering head or projection for the purpose of expanding
the bristles into the spaces between the aforesaid projections on the under side of
the butt as well as expanding the butt into the bustles and the ferrule that is
placed around said bristles, by which the bristles are secured very firmly to the butt
and to the feirule
The aforesaid projections may be arranged in parallel strips with intervening
spaces, or in concentric circles or flattened rings, or as detached and independent

page_text: projections, each having a space between it and its fellow in the rows arianged at
1ight angles or oblique to each other, as may be desned The brushes themselves
may be made circulai, flat, or oval, as may be required, according to the purposes
for which they are to be used The handles in a like manner may be made encular,
flat, or oval
My improved clamps are made in two pieces, each provided with one or more
grooves, cncular, oval, or flat, and having a guide or projection located on one of
the clamps, fitting into a corresponding recess on the opposite clamp piece The
object of the said grooved clamps is to confine the bristles of one or more brushes
therein while the butt is being duven with its projections into the mass of the said
bustles While the butt is being driven the clamps are firmly held between a pair
of jaws in a suitable vise o similar tool, the guides or projections between the
grooves in the clamps prevent the bristles from spieading apart, and tend to keep
them in their proper places in their respective grooves
Previous to clamping the lower end of the brush between the aforesaid grooves
in the clamps a ferrule is placed around the upper ends of the bustles, the lowe
end of said feule rosting upon the upper part of the clamps, or upon a metallic
plate on the top of said clamps
The improved diving tool that I use for the purpose of diving the butt or
handle o both into the bristles is made for 1ound, oval, or similar brushes, as a
hollow tube, closed or opened, as may be desired, in its upper ond and open in its
lower end, that is, made to rest upon the annular collar of the handle, if the brush
is made of that kind in which the handle and its projections are inade in one
piece, and resting directly upon the upper part of the butt if the brush is made of
that kind in which the butt is made in a separate piece from the handle, in either
case the butt with its projection or projections is duiven into the inass of the bustles
while the latter are confined firmly between the clamps by means of striking or
pressing the diving tool downwards Foi oval, flat, or similar brushes, I modify
the diving tool by flattening it and provide it with a perforation or recess to
receive the handle, as shown in Figs 12 and 13 of the accompanying Drawings
On the accompanying Diawings Fig 1 10presents a side view of my unpioved
biush, Fig 2 represents longitudinal section of the same, Fig 3 represents a
sectional elevation of the handle, fenule, and butt of the same, Fig 4 represents
a top view of a circular brush, Fig 5 represents a bottom view of a cucular
brush, Fig 6 represents a plan view of an oval brush, Fig 7 represents a similar
plan view of a circular brush, Fig. 8 represents a side elevation of my improved
clamps, Fig represents a plan view of the same, Fig 10 represents a cross
section of the clamps on the line A-B, shown in Fig 8, Fig 11 represents a
longitudinal section on the line C--D, also shown on Fig 8, Figs 12 and 13
represents modifications of the diving tool
In Figs 1, 2, and 3 a represents the handle, and b the butt, the latter being
shown as constructed with a series of projections c, c, c, which projections are shown
in Fig 5 as being inade in parallel strips having spaces between them, in Fig 6 the
said projections 6, c, c, are shown as being arranged in rows, each projection being
isolated from the next onc on either side in the 10ws, in Fig 7 the projection is
shown as a continuous concentric oncle c with the fenule e
с
A hole d straight or
tapering, and round on oval, according to the shape of the handle, is made through
the cential portion of the butt b, through which hole the tapering handle a is
inserted from below, it being for this purpose provided at its base with a tapering
enlargment a¹, by which, when the handle is forced upwards, it will expand the
bustles ff against and between the projections c, c, c, and also expand the
bustles and the butt b against the inside of the ferrule e In Fig the butt is
shown as being made in two separate pieces 61, 61, but this is not essential
The butt, handle, and projections are shown in Fig 11 as being in one and the
same piece, the butt in this case forms an annular collar b₁, on which the lower
end of the diving tool rests when the projections on said butt are forced by blows
or pressure on the diving tool among the inass of the bustles. In Figs. 8, 9, 10,

page_text: and 11, g, g¹, represents the clamps provided with one or more round, oval, or flat
grooves, h¹, as shown
To the clamp g is secured or made in one piece suitable
guide pieces 1, 2, 1, that are located on each side of the grooves h, Corresponding
1ocesses lv, are made in the clamp h for the guidance of the guide pieces 2, 2.
The projections or guide pieces v, 1, and the recesses k, l, are shown cucular in tho
Diawings, but they may to equal advantage be made as tongues and grooves, 01 in
any similar and suitable manner
iepresents an adjustable metallic plate resting on the top of the clamps g, g¹, as
shown, and is made adjustable by means of the set screws m, m, projecting through
the slotted holes n, n, the adjustable metallic plate is provided with one or more
perforations 0, 0, 0, auanged centrally with the grooves h, h, as shown, the said
metallic plate may however be cntnely dispensed with without departing from the
spirit of iny Invention The object of tho said metallic plate is to serve as a fim
iest for the fenule of the brush to rest upon in case the clamps g, g', we made of
wood or soft matouals
เ
In Fig 11 fepiesents the bustles of a brush held in the grooves h, h', of the
clamps g, g, represents the fenule, and a the handle with its annular collar b
and lower projections c, c, c, p represents the hollow driving tool that is placed
around the handle a in such a manner that its lower end rests on the annular
collab, if the handle and butt is made in one piece, and on the butt itself if the
butt is made separate from the handle, as shown in Figs 2 and 3 The hollow
diving tool p serves for the purpose of diving the butt into its ferrule and the
projections on the butt in among the mass of the bustles that are held fumly
between the clamps, this is done by placing the handle a in a position as shown on
the left hand side of Fig 8, the diving tool 2 can then be placed around the
handle a in a position as shown in Fig 11 when the projections c, c, c, are easily
duven among and between the mass of the bustles, and the butt driven into the
ferrule by means of blows or suitable pressure excerted ou the upper portion of the
driving tool p
Figs 12 and 13 show modifications of the diving tool for the purpose of
diving flat brushes, in both these Figures a slotted opening 7 is made in the lower
part of the tool terminating in lips 1, 1, as shown. In Fig 12 an opening & 1s
inade for the purpose of receiving the handle, and in Fig 13 à slotted perforation t
is made for the pin pose of letting the upper part of the landle project though when
duven
What I wish to secure by Letters Patent and claim is,—
1st The herein described method of manufacturing brushes consisting of forcing
or diving the butt and its projections within the ferrulo and bustles, when the
latter are held firmly between suitable clamps, as described and set forth
2nd The herein described improved brushes, consisting of the handle, its collar
or butt, and its projections, whether the handle is made in one piece with the butt or
made separate from it, as and for the purpose herein fully set forth and described
3rd The herein-described clamps g, g, having one or more round, oval, or flat
grooves h, h, and suitable guides i, h, as and for the purpose set forth and shown
4th In combination with the grooved clamps g, gl, of the adjustable perforated
metallic plate l, as fully shown and described.
5th The herein described hollow driving tool p and its modifications as and for
the purpose set forth in combination with the clamps g, g³, or suitable holding
device
In witness whereof, I, the said Herbert John Haddan, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven
HJ HADDAN. (LS)