Improvements in Revolving Cutters for Moulding, Tenoning, Rebating, and like Machines.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Revolving Cutters for Moulding, Tenoning,
Rebating, and like Machines.
We, GEORGE WILLIAM COOK, of Purfleet Street, Kings Lynn, Engineer, and
MARTIN HUBBARD, of Ditton Walk, Cambridge, Machinist, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows :-
:-
The object of this invention is more especially to ensure that the edges of grooves
or shoulders of tenons shall not be broken away at the time when the bulk of the.
wood is cut away.
For this purpose we secure say to two opposite sides of a
square revolving cutter block two cutters to sever the grain of the wood just before
other cutters secured to the two other sides of the block remove the wood that has to.
be cut away.
The cutters for severing the grain are secured to the two opposite sides of the
block in such a manner that their position may be adjusted so that the cuts made
by them may be at any desired distance apart. For example for cutting a. 1 inch
groove the cutters are set so that the cuts made by them are 1 inch apart and the
wood between the cuts may be removed by two inch ordinary tongued irons
secured to the two. other sides of the block then if say a inch groove is required
or a groove of other size down to a inch groove all that is necessary is to
bring one. side cutter nearer to the other and correspondingly shift the tongued
irons.
The cutters for severing the grain we form with a flat stem which at one end is
held to one side of the block whilst the other end projects beyond it. The cutting
blade extends out from one or other side of this projecting end. The outer face of
the blade is flat and at right angles to the axis of the block whilst the inner face
is bevilled off to form the cutting edge. This cutting edge is of such shape as to
be inclined to the stem and terminate in a point preferably where it meets the plane
of the inner face of the stem-so that as this cutting edge comes round to make
its cut a portion of it comes down on to the surface of the wood and makes a
draw cut as the point passes down into it, thereby making a clean cut through the
grain.

page_text: 4
Improvements in Revolving Cutters for Moulding, Tenoning,
Rebating, and like Machines.
We, GEORGE WILLIAM COOK, of Purfleet Street, Kings Lynn, Engineer, and MARTIN
HUBBARD, of Ditton Walk, Cambridge, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The object of this invention is more especially to ensure that the edges of grooves
or shoulders of tenons shall not be broken away at the time when the bulk of the
wood is cut away. For this purpose say for cutting grooves we secure to two oppo-
site sides of a square revolving cutter block two cutters to sever the grain of the wood
on the two opposite sides of the groove just before other cutters secured to the two
other sides of the block remove the wood that has to be cut away between these two
side cuts.
The cutters for severing the grain are secured to the two opposite sides of the block
in such a manner that their position may be adjusted so that the cuts made by them
may be at any desired distance apart. For example for cutting a 1 inch groove the
cutters are set so that the cuts made by them are 1 inch apart and the wood between
the cuts may be removed by two inch ordinary tongued irons secured to the two other
sides of the block-then if say a 3 inch groove is required or a groove of other size
down to a inch groove all that is necessary is to bring one side cutter nearer to the
other and correspondingly shift the tongued irons.
The cutters for severing the grain we form with a flat stem which at one end is
held to one side of the block whilst the other end projects beyond it. The cutting
blade extends out from one or other side of this projecting end. The outer face of the
blade is flat and at right angles to the axis of the block whilst the inner face is
bevilled off to form the cutting edge. This cutting edge is of such shape as to be
inclined to the stem and terminate in a point preferably where it meets the plane of
the inner face of the stem so that as this cutting edge comes round to make its cut
a portion of it comes down on to the surface of the wood and the succeeding portion
of the edge makes a draw cut thereby making a clean cut through the grain.
Figure 1 of the drawing annexed shews a perspective view of a revolving cutter
adapted as above described for cutting grooves.
Figures 2 and 3 are perspective views of the two cutters for cutting the two side
cuts.
Figure 4 shows a transverse section of the revolving cutter.
A is the cutter block to which the cutter irons are secured, B B are the two
cutters for making the two side cuts on opposite sides of the groove, and CC are two
cutters for removing the material in between the two side cuts. D in Figure 4 is a
piece of wood in which a groove is being cut-the arrows show the direction in which
the revolving cutter is revolved and the direction in which the wood is moved forwards
towards it. The cutters B are as shewn made right and left handed so that the
bevilled side of the one may be towards the bevilled side of the other and the flat
sides of the blades be outwards and away from one another. As will be seen the
cutters B B can be set towards or away from one another according to the width of
groove to be cut-the cutters CC are also adjustable so that they can be set in
proper position for cutting away the wood between the two side cuts whether a narrow
or wide groove is being made.
As will be seen from Figure 4 the cutters B are so shaped that their points may be
somewhat nearer to the centre of the cutter block than the cutting edges of the
blades C whilst the rear portion of the cutting edge of the cutters B extends some-

page_text: what further from the centre than the cutters C thus as each cutter B comes round to
make its cut it is a portion of its cutting edge and not its point that comes into con-
tact with the face of that part of the wood in which the cut is to be made-so that it
is the edge of the cutter that is at right angles to the axis of the cutter block which
makes the cut and not the point-the cutter thus makes its cut gradually and with a
draw cut so ensuring that the cut made is a clean cut and that no wood is broken
away in making it.
In this way each shaving of wood removed by the cutters C has always had shallow
clean side cuts previously made along each side of it so that the shoulders or sides of
the grooves are cut clean and are not broken away at the edge by the action of the
cutters C.
The cutters B can also be used on revolving cutters for making the side cuts of
tenons, mouldings or such like-the cutters C being then suitably shaped for making
such tenon or moulding.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1. Revolving cutters adapted for cutting grooves of any desired width and with
clean cut edges or shoulders substantially as herein before described and illustrated in.
the drawings annexed.
2. The cutting irons B for revolving cutters having their cutting edges at right
angles to the axis of the revolving entter for making clean side cuts at the edges of
grooves or shoulders of tenons or mouldings or the like in the manner herein before
described.