Improvements in Type Writing Machines.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type Writing Machines.
We, WILLIAM S. CRAIG, Engineer, and CHARLES CHASE WHITACRE, Merchant,
both of 37, Walbrook, in the County of London, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:
1
Our invention relates to improvements in typewriting machines and refers
to means for setting any desired margin at either side of the paper or sheet to
receive the writing by limiting the movement of the typewriter carriage, such
margins remaining fixed until intentionally altered by the operator, and means
being provided to enable the margins to be written upon if required. The
invention further relates to means for locking the key levers when the predeter-
mined limit for the end of each line of writing is reached, and for releasing the
said levers again to permit the right hand margin to be written upon when
necessary.
According to our invention the left hand margin is set by means of an adjust-
ably mounted block with which a marginal stop on the typewriter carriage
engages in order to stop the latter at the required point. This block is so con-
structed and mounted, that it normally remains stationary but can be coupled
to the typewriter carriage when it is required to set a fresh left hand margin and
its position then altered by moving the said carriage, the width of the margin
being indicated on the usual graduated scale bar; and that it may be temporarily
moved out of the path of the said marginal stop when it is required to run the
carriage past the predetermined point to permit writing in the left hand margin.
The right hand margin is set by means of an adjustable projecting arm or
equivalent device attached to a rotary spring barrel for operating the typewriter
carriage, which arm engages at a predetermined point with one end of a stop
lever and thus stops the rotary barrel and consequently arrests the carriage.
This stop lever is mounted so that it can be temporarily shifted out of the path
of the said arm when it is required to allow the carriage to over-run the right
hand margin in order to complete a word or for other purpose, and has its other
extremity connected by a suitable device with a bar, shutter, or other suitable
means, which it is caused to operate so as to lock the key levers when the said
projecting arm engages with it.
This locking bar, shutter, or other device is arranged so as to release the key
levers when the projecting arm and the stop lever are disengaged.
According to one means for carrying out our invention:-In order to set the
left hand margin, we arrange a toothed bar or rack parallel to the line of travel
of the carrier. The ends of this toothed bar are provided with trunnions which
are mounted in suitable bearings so that the said bar or rack is capable of angular
movement thereon. One of these trunnions is prolonged and has its prolonged
part furnished with a radial pin or projection which engages with one end of a
trip or lever. This trip is preferably pivoted on a spindle situated parallel to the
toothed bar or rack and capable of being shifted longitudinally. The opposite

page_text: end of this lever forms a key or finger piece. Mounted on the toothed bar or
rack so as to be capable of sliding thereon is a block. This block is provided
with a lug or fork and with a lateral projection, and is also furnished with a tooth
which is normally held in engagement with the toothed rack preferably by
means of a spring. When the typewriter carriage is moved, a suitable marginal
stop thereon strikes this block, the said carriage is stopped and the left hand
margin on the paper thus determined. If it is required to write on the left
hand margin the key of the aforesaid trip is moved into contact with a suitable
stop, its opposite end being thus caused to engage with the radial projection on
the prolonged trunnion of the toothed rack and so turn the latter angularly and
move the block out of the path of the marginal stop on the carriage, so that
the latter may be moved past the block and bring the left hand margin into
position to receive writing. When the carriage has returned past the block, the
latter together with the toothed bar is returned to its normal position, preferably
by means of a spring.
When it is required to shift the position of the block on the toothed rack in
order to alter the width of the left hand margin, the toothed bar and block are
turned by means of the trip through a greater angle than that previously required
to turn the block out of the path of the marginal stop as aforesaid, thus bringing
the lug or fork on the block into engagement with the marginal stop on the
carriage, the lateral projection on the block being also caused to bear on a suit-
ably situated plate or equivalent device and raise the block tooth out of engage-
ment with the toothed bar; or the block may be disengaged from the toothed bar
and coupled to the carriage by any suitable equivalent means. As the carriage
is now moved the block will be carried along the toothed rack to a new position
which will determine the width of the left hand margin; this position will be
indicated on the usual graduated scale bar of the typewriter. Upon releasing
the trip the toothed bar and block and also the trip are returned to their original
positions preferably by means of springs.
In order to set the right hand margin, the circumference of a rotary spring
barrel for operating the carriage is made to correspond to the length of the
graduated scale bar, and the top thereof is graduated to correspond with the
said bar and preferably has its edge toothed or serrated. An adjustable arm
or indicator, the end of which projects beyond the edge of the barrel, is mounted
so that it moves with the latter and can be adjusted so as to engage with any
required tooth, serration or equivalent device thereon. This sliding arm is set
to one of the graduations on the barrel corresponding with the required width
of the right hand margin. As this barrel rotates during the operation of the
type writing machine and operates the carriage, it carries round the adjustable
arm, and when the predetermined marginal point is reached the projecting part
of said arm engages with a stop lever and thus stops the drum and consequently
the carriage. The opposite end of this stop lever is connected by a system of
levers, cams or equivalent devices with a shutter or bar, this mechanism being
so arranged that when the projection on the adjustable arm strikes the stop
lever the shutter or bar is raised so as to simultaneously lock all the key levers
when the aforesaid spring barrel and the carriage are stopped.
In order to allow the right hand margin to be written upon when required,
the stop lever is mounted so that it can be shifted in the direction of its length
out of the path of the projecting part of the adjustable arm and the movement of
the carriage thus allowed to continue. After the adjustable arm has passed
the stop lever the latter is returned to its normal position preferably by means
of a spring.
This longitudinal movement of the stop lever may be effected either by a suit-
able system of levers connecting it with the beforementioned trip, or by a separate
trip mechanism as preferred; or, it is obvious that the adjustable arm may be
adapted to be itself shifted so as to pass by the stop lever when required.
The projecting part of the adjustable arm is preferably so shaped that, when

page_text: the spring barrel is rotated back for the beginning of a fresh line after the right
hand margin has been written upon, it can pass by the said stop lever without
checking the barrel.
When the adjustable arm is disengaged from the stop lever, the locking bar
or shutter falls, preferably by gravity, and releases the key levers.
Dated this 7th day of October 1900
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in Type Writing Machines.
We, WILLIAM S. CRAIG, Engineer, and CHARLES CHASE WHITACRE, Merchant,
both of 37, Walbrook, in the County of London, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
:-
Our invention relates to improvements in typewriting machines and refers
to means for enabling a margin of any desired width to be obtained at either
side of the paper or sheet in the machine and means to enable the said margins
to be written upon if required. The invention further relates to means for
temporarily locking the key levers when the predetermined limit for the end of
each line of writing is reached.
According to our invention the left-hand margin is determined by means of
an adjustably mounted block with which a marginal stop on the paper-carriage
engages in order to arrest the latter at the required point. This block is so con-
structed and mounted, that it normally remains stationary but can be coupled
to the paper carriage when it is required to determine a fresh left-hand margin
and its position then altered by moving the said carriage, the width of the
margin being indicated on the usual graduated scale bar. This block can also
be temporarily moved out of the path of the said marginal stop when it is required
to run the carriage past the predetermined point, to permit writing in the left-
hand margin.
The right-hand margin is determined by means of an adjustable arm or other
device which is operated by the tension spring or by the tension spring barrel
and which is adapted to engage at a predetermined point with a stop or with
one end of a stop lever to arrest the carriage.
The stop lever is mounted so that it can be temporarily shifted out of the path
of the said arm when it is required to allow the paper carriage to over-run the
right hand margin in order to complete a word or for other purpose, and has its
other end connected by suitable means with a bar, shutter, or other device, so that
the latter is caused to lock the key levers when the said arm engages with the
stop lever.
This locking bar, shutter, or other device is adapted to release the key levers
when the aforesaid arm and the stop lever are disengaged.
Our invention is herein shown as applied to a type-writing machine of the
kind described in the Specification of British Letters Patent No. 6493 of 1897.
but only the parts of such machine as are necessary to a clear understanding
of the present invention are shown.
In order that our invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
effect we will proceed to describe the same more fully with reference to the accom-
panying drawings in which :-

page_text: Figure 1 is a plan section of a typewriting machine provided with our inven-
tion.
Figure 2 is a left hand side view of the machine.
Figure 3 is a cross-section taken on line 3-3 of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a vertical section taken on line 4-4 of Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a vertical section taken on line 5-5 of Figure 3.
Figure 6 is a fragmentary right hand side view of the machine.
Figures 7, 7 and 8 are fragmentary detail sections taken through the left
hand marginal stop mechanism.
Figure 9 is a vertical section taken on line 9-9 of Figure 7.
Figure 10 is a longitudinal section taken on line 10-10 of Figure 9.
A is the base of the typewriting machine, and B, B are side plates attached
thereto. C is the paper carriage supported on transverse rails B1 B2, which
latter are mounted on a shifting frame C¹. The frame C' is movable horizontally
in a direction at right angles to the path of the carriage C and is supported from
the frame in suitable bearings a and b and upon rockers B3 B3. A' is a standard
which is fixed to the base A and carries a bearing for the rearwardly extending
guide shaft C of the shifting frame C. D D are the key levers which are pivoted
at their rear ends to the machine frame and are adapted to operate the type
bars. E is a rotary barrel which contains the carriage actuating spring and is
mounted on a standard E on the base A. E is a strap connecting the barrel E
to the carriage C. This strap E2 is provided with a hook e by which it is attached
to the carriage, and also with another hook e¹ which is adapted to engage a suit-
able eye on the shifting frame C when the carriage C is removed from the
machine. All the aforesaid parts are constructed in accordance with the specifi-
cation of the British Patent referred to.
E is a disc forming the top plate of the spring barrel E. The top of this
disc E is provided with notches or teeth. These notches or teeth are spaced
and numbered to correspond with the divisions on the carriage scale bar. E is
the right hand marginal stop arm, and is pivoted on a stud e² which is con-
centric with the disc E, One end of this arm E³ projects beyond the edge of the
disc E and has its projecting part provided with a tooth e adapted to normally
engage with one of the notches in the disc E and thereby lock the arm E³ with
relation to the said disc. e is a longitudinal slot in the arm E, through which
the stud passes. is a spring situated between the stud e and a boss on the
disc E. This spring e is adapted to hold the tooth ein engagement with one of
the notches in the edge of the disc Et. The position of the arm E on the disc E
can be adjusted as required by drawing the tooth e3 out of the notch with which
it is in engagement (the length of the slot e being sufficient to allow this) and
replacing the said tooth e³ in another notch bearing the required number.
Fis a locking bar situated under the key levers D and having its ends pivoted
to the machine frame. G is a bell crank stop lever which is pivoted at its angle
on a stud g carried by a lug a¹ on the base of the machine. The lever G is
capable of sliding longitudinally on the stud g but is normally held against the
lug al by a spring g'. The upper end of the vertical arm G¹ of the stop lever G
is normally situated in the path of the projecting part of the right hand marginal
stop arm . H is a lever pivoted centrally to the standard A in an opening or
slot therein. The end of the horizontal arm G2 of the stop lever G rests upon one
end of the lever H and the opposite end of the lever H is provided with a notch h
adapted to receive a lug f on the rear face of the locking bar F. is a spring
which tends to raise the end of the lever H on which the arm G2 of the stop
levers G rests, and to depress the opposite end of the said lever H; thereby
maintaining the locking bar F in its rearward or unlocking position as shown in
Figure 4. F is a recess or notch in the upper edge of the locking bar F, where-
by the said bar is prevented from coming in contact with the standard A2, when
in its rearward or unlocking position. This locking bar F is shown as pivoted
in adjustable bearings to permit of its accurate adjustment with respect to the

page_text: lever H. a is a stop pin attached to the base A, in such position as to limit the
forward movement of the locking bar F when the latter is raised to its vertical
or locking position.
I is a rocking shaft arranged transversely of the machine and mounted in
bearings a3 a3 on the shifting frame C¹. It is an arm which is fixed to one end
of the shaft I and engages with a lever 12. One end of the lever 12 is pivoted to the
machine frame and its opposite end engages with the vertical arm G¹ of the
lever G. Jis a release key pivoted to the shifting frame and capable of a limited
movement longitudinally on its pivot. j is a fixed stop arranged in the path of
the key J. is a spring which tends to press the key J inwardly or towards the
machine. The key J has an arm projecting rearwardly from its pivot and engaging a
lugi on the adjacent end of the rocking shaft I. is a spring for returning the
shaft I to its normal position. N is a block constituting the left hand marginal stop
and mounted so as to be capable of sliding on a rack bar which is formed on or
fixed to the shaft I and arranged parallel to the path of movement of the paper
carriage C. The teeth or notches on this rack bar are equal in number to and
correspond with the graduations or divisions on the carriage scale bar, and the
block N is adapted to be locked at any required point on the rack bar. C³ is a
rigid stop arm fixed to the carriage Cand into the path of which the block N
normally projects and by means of which the said block arrests the movement
of the carriage so as to set the left hand margin on the paper. C is a longitu-
dinally sliding rod which passes through the stop arm C3 and is adapted to act
against the block N. This rod C6 forms part of a device for automatically turn-
ing the paper roller and has no relation to the parts constituting the present
invention. N¹ is a tooth or pawl pivoted in a slot at one side of the block N
and adapted to normally engage with one of the notches in the rack bar. Ne is
a spring which tends to hold the pawl N¹ in engagement with the rack bar.
N is a tripping pin by which the pawl N¹ is moved out of engagement with the
rack bar when it is required to shift the block N on the said rack bar in order to alter
the left hand margin, as hereinafter explained. C is a longitudinal bearing
surface on the shifting frame (and runs parallel to the rack bar.
n is a socket or fork on the block N. C is a lug or projection on the carriage C,
adapted to co-operate with the socket n to shift the position of the block N on the
rack bar as hereinafter described.
The operation of the marginal stops and the locking bar is as follows:-
The point at which the locking bar will be raised to lock the key levers is
determined by the angular position of the right hand marginal stop arm E on
the disc E, said arm E³ being set by the scale on said disc which scale corre-
sponds with the usual scale bar of the paper carriage. When the stop arm E
is rotated with the barrel E under the influence of the carriage actuating or
tension spring, the said arm will engage (at a point in the movement of the
carriage determined by the angular position of the said stop arm,) with the
vertical part G¹ of the stop lever G, thereby stopping the movement of the
carriage and acting through the levers G and H to move the locking bar into
When the
its vertical or locking position, as shown, in Figures 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6.
bar F is in the position shown in said Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6, it will obviously
be impossible to depress the key levers, so that the machine cannot be further
operated until the said locking mechanism is released.
When the paper carriage is returned for the commencement of a fresh line,
the arm E is moved out of engagement with the stop lever G and the locking
bar is moved into the position shown in Figure 4 by the spring h¹ and lever H.
When it is required to release the locking mechanism so as to over-run the
right hand margin, in order to complete a word or for other purpose, such release
is effected by depressing the key J, thereby moving the shaft I angularly about
5 its longitudinal axis and, (through the medium of the arm I' and lever I²),
shifting the stop lever G rearwardly along the stud g, until the said lever is dis-
engaged from the end of the stop arm E³; whereupon the carriage will be per-

page_text: mitted to continue to travel toward the left and the spring h¹ will act upon the
lever H so as to throw the upper end of the lever G backwardly with respect to
the direction of rotation of the arm 3, and at the same time to swing the lock-
ing bar rearwardly into its unlocking position as shown in Figure 4. When the
key J is released, the spring returns the shaft I with the arm I', to its normal
position, the spring y returns the levers G and 12, and the spring h¹ lowers the
locking bar F to the position shown in Figure 4. The outer end of the stop
arm E is bevelled so that it may throw outwardly and pass the upper end G¹ of
the stop lever G, when the carriage is returned to its starting point for a new line
after the right hand marginal stop has been thus over-run.
When it is required to alter the width of the right hand margin the tooth e
on the stop arm E³, is drawn out of the notch on the disc E with which it is in
engagement and replaced in another notch bearing the required number, as pre-
viously described; the angular position of the stop arm on the spring barrel
being thus altered.
It is obvious that, if required, the locking bar F may be omitted and the
arm E employed only to stop the movement of the carriage C to the left and thus
determine the right hand margin.
The block N for determining the left hand margin normally remains stationary
on the rack bar, so as to engage the stop C and arrest the movement of the
carriage toward the right, as shown in Figure 7. When it is required to over-
run the left hand margin for any purpose, the key J is depressed onto the stop j
thereby turning the shaft I and the rack bar angularly about their longitudinal
axis and turning the block N out of the path of the stop C³ so as to allow the
carriage to pass; such position is shown in Figure 7. The upper surface of
the stop N is inclined so that the stop C can strike and turn it together with
the rack bar and shaft I and pass by toward the left as the typing proceeds after the
left hand margin has been thus over-run. When it is required to alter the
width of the left hand margin, the key J is shifted outwardly, or away from the
machine, along its pivot, so as to be clear of the stop j. The said key is then
depressed to a greater extent than is required to move the block N out of the
path of the stop C as above described, and so as to turn the shaft I and the rack
bar through a sufficient angle to bring the socket n on the block N into engage-
ment with the lug C on the carriage C, and also to depress the tripping pin N³
onto the bearing surface C and thus raise the spring pawl N1 out of engagement
with the rack bar; such position being shown in Figure 8. If now the carriage C
be moved, the block N will be carried along to any required point on the rack bar.
When the key J is released the said block, the shaft I and the rack bar, are
returned to their normal position by the spring I', the tripping pin N³ is raised
from the bearing surfaces C and the pawl N₁ is caused to again engage with the
rack bar by the spring N². As the teeth on the said rack bar correspond to the
divisions on the paper carriage scale bar, the position of the block N may be
readily determined.
It will be seen that in the construction illustrated, both right and left hand
marginal stops are released by the same release key J, which greatly simplifies
both the construction and the operation of the machine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim in a typewriting machine is:
1. An adjustable marginal stop provided with means whereby it can be coupled
to the paper carriage or can be moved from the path thereof at the will of the
operator, for the purposes specified.
2. A marginal stop comprising an adjustable arm or similar device operated
by the carriage actuating or tension spring and acting in conjunction with a
stop or stop-lever for the purpose specified.
3. The combination with the locking bar of means whereby said bar is brought

page_text: into operation by the carriage actuating or tension spring at the termination of
each line of writing through the intervention of a stop-lever or similar device
for the purpose specified.
4. Marginal stop and key lever locking mechanism constructed, arranged, and
operating substantially as described with reference to the accompanying draw-
ings for the purposes specified.
uly 1899.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.