Improvements in Apparatus for Checking. Recording, Indicating, and Totalling the Amounts of Cash Receipts and Analogous Operations.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Oct., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 8th July, 1891-Accepted, 5th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Checking. Recording, Indicating,
and Totalling the Amounts of Cash Receipts and Analogous
Operations.
We, JOSEPH BAMFORD, of Market Street, Lichfield, Staffordshire, Engineer,
and the Revd. HUGH MCCARTEN, of Holy Cross, Lichfield, aforesaid, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention consists in the herein described improvements in apparatus
arranged so as to effect the following operations:-
A. The registering of sums of money received by one or more shop assistants ;
B. The showing to the purchaser the amount paid:
C. The indicating of the said amount to the said assistant ;
D. The printing of the said amount in such a manner as to form a permanent
record of such transaction;
E. The denoting by an initial letter, or other mark, of the assistant registering
such transaction;
F. The movement of certain mechanism by which the amounts received during
the day, or for a longer or shorter period, are automatically added together so that
the total may be ascertained when required.
The said apparatus consists of or comprises, firstly, a lower case containing one
or more cash drawers the said drawers being acted upon by levers and in turn
acting upon other levers as hereinafter described; secondly, a skeleton frame fixed
upon the above mentioned lower case having for its purpose the carrying of certain
mechanism to effect various operations above referred to thirdly, an outer move-
able case or cover for the above mentioned frame having certain apertures
enabling the aforesaid levers to be operated upon and to effect the exposure of
the sums registered or recorded, and fourthly, mechanism consisting of the
following parts by which the above mentioned operations are effected, that is
to say-
1. One or more drawers to contain cash, notes cheques &c. ;
2. A lever or levers which on being pressed causes the opening of such
drawer or drawers by means of the action of a spring, the said action on the
lever likewise causing the already recorded indications of a previous purchase
to return simultaneously to zero and at the same time placing the initial or
designation of the then operating shop assistant in position for the impending
transaction;
3. A wheel or wheel segment bearing on its periphery certain numbers or figures
designating the operating assistant and controlled by such lever under his charge
in such a manner that his initial or designation may be placed in a position to record
the amount registered by him;
4. Certain type wheels or wheel segments mounted upon a common centre with
the aforesaid wheel or wheel segment (3) and bearing figures which upon being
inked and impressed on paper or other material cause the amounts received by the
assistant and shown to himself and the purchaser, to be recorded on such paper or
other material;
5. Certain revolving drums discs or cylinders by which the amounts paid and
received are so shewn to the purchaser;
6. An assistants' indicating plate of wood or metal placed at an angle of 45°
more or less, bearings stops, and having inscribed thereon in a suitable manner
the usual cash denominations and containing perforations for the action of,
7. Certain finger pieces or pulls to which are attached bands acting upon and

page_text: controlling the above mentioned type wheels together with other cylinders herein-
after (9) mentioned:
8. Certain series of notched bars or rods which cause by the action of certain
clutches the retention of such recorded numbers or, by a renewed pressure upon the
levers (2) effect the return of the figures to zero;
9. Certain cylinders mounted on centres in such manner as to transmit the
required motion between the finger pieces or pulls (7) type wheels (4) and revolving
.drums (5);
10. Certain wheels which indicate on their surface or periphery the total amounts
received, the said wheels being actuated by ratchets approximating to certain of the
cylinders above mentioned (9);
11. A movable drawer containing a roll of paper together with the requisite
rollers, printing table &c. and having aflixed thereto a contrivance by which the
said paper after being brought in contact with inked type characters or figures
causes the forward movement of such paper;
12. A lever attached to each of the cash drawers (1) by means of which
the action of closing such drawer causes the amounts received to be printed
and effects likewise the release of the wheel or segment bearing the assistant's
initial or designation, thus leaving the apparatus ready for subsequent transactions.
Dated this 7th day of October 1890.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Checking, Recording, Indicating,
and Totalling the Amounts of Cash Receipts and Analogous
Operations..
We, JOSEPH BAMFORD, of Market Street, Lichfield, Engineer, and the
Revd. HUGH MCCARTEN, of Holy Cross, Lichfield, aforesaid, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:--
This invention consists in the herein described improvements in apparatus
arranged so as to effect the following operations :-
The registering of sums of money received by one or more shop assistants;
The showing to the purchaser the amount paid;
The indicating of the said amount to the said assistant ;
The printing of the said amount in such a manner as to form a permanent record
of such transaction;
The denoting by an initial letter, or other mark, of the assistant registering such
transaction;
The movement of certain mechanism by which the amounts received during the
day, or for a longer or shorter period, are automatically added together so that the
total may be ascertained when required.
The said apparatus consists of or comprises, firstly, a lower case containing one
or more cash drawers the said drawers being acted upon by levers and in-turn
acting upon other levers as hereinafter described; secondly, a skeleton frame fixed
upon the above mentioned lower case having for its purpose the carrying of certain
mechanism to effect various operations above referred to thirdly, an outer
moveable case or cover for the above mentioned frame having certain apertures
enabling the aforesaid levers to be operated upon and to effect the exposure of the
sums registered or recorded; and fourthly, mechanism consisting of the following
parts by which the above mentioned operations are effected, that is to say :-
1st. One or more drawers to contain cash, notes, cheques etc.;
2nd. A lever or levers which on being pressed causes the opening of such drawer
or drawers by means of the action of a spring, the said action on the lever likewise

page_text: causing the already recorded indications of a previous purchase to return simul-
taneously to zero and at the same time placing the initial designation of the then
operating shop assistant in position for the impending transaction;
3rd. A wheel or wheel segment bearing on its periphery certain numbers or
figures designating the operating assistant and controlled by such lever under his
charge in such a manner that his initial or designation may be placed in a position
to record the amount registered by him;
4th. Certain type wheels or wheel segments mounted upon a common centre with
the aforesaid wheel or wheel segment and bearing figures, which, upon being inked
and impressed on paper or other material, cause the amounts received by the
assistant and shown to himself and the purchaser, to be recorded on such paper or
other material;
5th. Certain revolving drums discs or cylinders by which the amounts paid and
received are so shewn to the purchaser;
6th. An assistant's indicating plate of wood or metal placed at an angle of 45°
more or less, bearing stops, and having inscribed thereon in a suitable manner the
usual cash denominations and containing perforations for the action of,
7th. Certain finger pieces or pulls to which are attached bands acting upon and
controlling the above mentioned type wheel or wheels together with other cylinders
hereinafter mentioned:
8th. Certain series of notched bars or rods which cause by the action. of certain
clutches the retention of such record numbers or, by a renewed pressure upon the
said levers effect the return of the finger pieces or pulls to zero;
9th. Certain cylinders mounted on centres in such manner as to transmit the
required motion between the finger pieces or pulls, type wheels, and revolving
drums; and
10th. Certain wheels which indicate on their surface or periphery the total
amount received, the said wheels being actuated by ratchets approximating to
certain of the cylinders above mentioned;
11th. A moveable drawer containing a roll of paper together with the requisite
rollers, printing table ete, and having affixed thereto a contrivance by which the
said paper after being brought in contact with inked type characters or figures
causes the forward movement of such paper; and,
12th. A lever attached to each of the said cash drawers by means of which the
action of closing such drawer causes the amount received to be printed and effects
likewise the release of the wheel or segment bearing the assistant's initial or
designation, thus leaving the apparatus ready for subsequent transactions.
The said apparatus is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which the
sane letters and numbers of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of the said apparatus about half size with registering
plate, ratchet rods, finger pulls, front of cover and front of drawers removed, with
shilling drum partly in section, such section showing the method of mounting the
drums on their axle ;
Figure 2 is a left side elevation partly in section showing the various parts in
position;
Figure 3 is a part plan of top, full size, with cover removed:
Figure 4 is a part of side elevation of totalling end, full size as seen from inside
of skeleton frame showing back of dials with pawls etc.;
Figure 5 is a front and side view of stop clutch for retaining pawl of clerk's
wheel;
Figure 6 is a part elevation of the right hand top end of the said apparatus, the
totalling wheels on dials etc. being represented as if seen through cover and skeleton
frame, the sum of £19 19 11 being shewn in dark figures through apertures in
the skeleton frame, this portion of the outer cover forming a falling hinged flap
enabling the apertures to be secure from general observation but accessible when
required;
Figure 7 is a sectional plan of ratchet roda pivotted on lower bracket with

page_text: ניייייך
springs etc.;
Figure 8 is a right hand side elevation with printing drawer, lifting rod connected
with levers, clerk's wheel with its pawl and retaining clutch, cash drawers in
various positions etc.;
Figure 9 is a plan of printing drawer seen from top;
Figure 10 is an elevation of printing drawer, lifting rod end;
Figure 11 shews the method of mounting springs in drums with stop of drum and
buttress block;
Figure 12 is an elevation of the said apparatus on a reduced scale shewing the
rear, or customer's side thereof;
Figure 13 is an elevation of the same at the front, or clerk's side;
Figure 14 is an elevation of the same of the right hand or totalling and printing
side.
E is the lower case containing four drawers marked respectively I, II, III, IV,
for holding cash, notes, cheques, etc. in suitable compartments. It will be under-
stood that the apparatus can be similarly constructed with more or less than four
drawers. Each of these drawers is apportioned to the use of a particular shop
assistant, hereinafter named a clerk, who has under his control one of the
levers A, B, C, D by which the said drawer may as hereinafter described be
opened by means of a key operating upon a lock connected with the aforesaid
lever. Each of the levers A, B, C, D bears the initial or designation of the clerk
actuating it.
The skeleton frame which is fixed upon the lower case E' consists chiefly of three
thin upright partitions marked respectively E, E7, E, for carrying the mechanism
hereinafter described. These three uprights are retained in position by a tie bar
not shewn on the drawings affixed to the rear in a horizontal position somewhat
below the apertures marked £ s. d. in Fig. 12 through which the amounts are
shewn to the purchaser.
E is the moveable case or cover for the above mentioned skeleton frame having
certain apertures enabling the levers A, B, C, and D to be operated upon and to
effect the exposure of the sums registered. A portion E of the top right hand
side of this cover namely that which adjoins the totalling discs, is hinged as shewu
so that the amounts added together by such discs and which represent the total
which should be found in the four cash drawers is secured from observation until
the hinged portion E is released by the action of a lock and key. The por-
tion of the outer case which forms the registering plate in which the finger pulls
are actuated consists of a metal plate fixed to the skeleton frame at an angle
of 45° or thereabouts for convenience of operation.
The two upper cash drawers II, IV, extend as to their body from the front of
the case to a position close to the raisers of the detents, which serve
to release the lower drawers (see Figs. 1 and 2). The two lower drawers I and [11
extend as to their body from the front of the case to a somewhat greater
distance in the rear but in such a manner as to allow room for the play of the
arms J, J of the shaft H A portion of the right side of the drawers III
and IV is continued to the extreme rear of the lower case in order to carry
certain tripping levers and whose operation will be described later. In like
manner a portion of the left side of the drawers I and II is similarly constructed to
carry the tripping levers and . In the intervening space between the back of
the body of each of the drawers and the rear end of the outer case is placed a
spiral spring working on a horizontal guiding spindle in such a manner that when
the drawer is released the spring, which is normally in a state of compression,
impels the drawer forward by its resilient action when one of the detents f', f³ f
corresponding with that drawer is raised.
13
The drawer of the left hand side is actuated by the lever A, the drawer II is
actuated by the lever B, the drawer III is actuated by the lever C and the
drawer IV is actuated by the lever D.

page_text: On the
These levers A, B, C, D, being identical in construction and operation the
description of one will suffice. The lever A, is a bar of metal pivoted loosely on
an axle B common to the four and working on this axle by means of a short
sleeve a. The front end of the lever A terminates (see Fig. 2) in a lock which is
opened by a key A' of suitable shape, such key being in the possession of the clerk
to whom such lever appertains. The key A³ is inserted in the left hand key-
hole Eof the lock plate E" and engaging with the end of the lever A is then
depressed causing this end of the lever to partake of the same movement.
lever A at an intermediate distance between its pivot B' and the rear end of this
lever is a bulk headed screw with a projecting smooth shank engaging in the
slot of the detent raiser which raiser actuates the detent fi of the drawer I
by means of a pin aflixed thereto. At the rear end of the lever A a screw 13° of
similar shape to c is likewise fixed, its smooth shank engaging in the slotted link B'.
Before proceeding further the shape and action of these slotted links B', B2, B3, B4
(Figs. 1 and 2) may be described. The upper portion of the slot of 13' is cut away
as far as a in such a manner that when the rear end of the lever A is raised the
screw blank B shall engage the upper portion of the slot only towards the latter
part of the upper movement of the lever A, thus giving the arm C of the shaft D'
only a small amount of play. B' is connected with by the pin E In like
manner the upper portion of the slot in B2 is cut away as far as 6 so that the rear
screw of the lever B, which is similar in shape and office to the screw B*,
but is not shewn in the drawing, shall engage the upper portion of the slot at
an earlier period than B thus giving the arm C of the shaft D' a more
extended play than that just mentioned. In like manner the upper portion of
the slot in the link B³ is cut away only as far as c so that the rear screw of
the lever C similar to B but not shewn, shall engage the upper portion of the
slot at an earlier period than the rear screw of the lever B thus giving the
arm C3 of the shaft D' a still more extended play. In like manner the upper
portion of the slot in the link B is cut away only as far as d so that the rear screw
of the lever D, similar to 135 but not shewn, shall engage the upper portion d of
the slot at an earlier period than the rear screws of the levers A B and C thus
giving the arm C₁ of the shaft D' a still more extended play. It will thus be seen
that a differential movement is given to the horizontal shaft D₁ by the levers A, B,
C, D, through the medium of the slotted raising links B1, B2, B3, B4, acting on the
arms C¹, C², C³, C. The shaft D' is pivoted at D2 in the upright E and passing
horizontally through E7 is pivoted at its other end into the upright E at D³.
this latter end and adjoining the interior face of E there is fixed an arm L designed
to actuate the clerks wheel V by means of the steel band. In the normal state
the clerks levers A, B, C, D are retained in a horizontal position by the action of
the respective double leafed springs g', g, g³, g; when however one of the clerks'
levers is depressed more or less play is given to all the arms C, C², C³, (4, the
clerk's lever D for example causing all these lever arms to rise to their full extent
but the lower portion of the slots in the links B', 132, 13 slide along the shanks of
the rear screws as in B in an inoperative manner, the bulk head of such screws
serving as a guide and retaining B1, B2, B3 in proximity to the levers A, B, and C.
To return to the transverse pin c', it will be seen that this pin together with the
pins c, c³, engage in their downward motion with the arms d,,, d', of the
shaft 135 which forms the fulcrum of the clerk's levers A, B, C, D. This shaft B
(which is marked in black in Figure 1) is cylindrical and works horizontally in the
upright E and is continued through the upright E7 for a short distance to carry an
arm N which is fixed on this projecting end, squared for the purpose, in a down-
ward and nearly vertical position. This arm N by means of a pin serves to
actuate a connecting rod N this rod actuating a short lever arm N of the ratchet
rod Q seen in detail in Figure 7. This connecting rod N receives a retreating
motion by means of the arm N of the shaft 13. The result of this motion effects
the zeroing of the registering finger pulls, the indicating drums and the recording
type wheels in a manner to be described later. On this same spindle B³ is fixed
At

page_text: another lever arm M at a position between the lever D and the upright E in a
downward vertical position, its end M being fastened to one end of a spiral
spring M2 this spring being fastened by its other end to the rear of the lock face
plate E at M. The end M' of this arm receives a retreating movement by the
depression of any of the clerks' levers (through the medium of the transverse
pins c', ², c, c', acting on the short arms d¹, d², d³, d, of the shaft B³) and
drawing the spring M2 creates in it an additional tension to an initial one originally
given to such spring so that, when the clerk's lever is released, such tension shall
in its retractile action cause the shaft B³, and all the arms connected therewith, to
resume their normal position.
A wheel V5 called the clerks' wheel bearing on its periphery certain numbers or
figures, (in the present instance A, B, C, D,) being the designation of the
respective clerks, is seen in position in Figures 1 and 2 and more in detail in
Figure 8. The clerks' wheel V³ is pivoted on an axle fixed in the uprights E7, E³.
A boss of small diameter forms a part of this wheel and one end of a steel
band is attached to the outer end of the arm L the band then passes under-
neath this boss and is pinned thereto at that portion of its circumference where
this band has its final contact with the boss and is then carried in a tangential
direction towards a spiral spring S and attached thereto at L, the other end of the
spring being attached to the upright E8 by a pin or stud L³. The arm L forming
a part of the shaft D' is actuated by the differential motion imparted to the
arms C1, C2, C3, C4, thus when A is depressed 13° raises the link 13' which in turn
elevates the series of arms C1, C2, C3, C4, and at the same time the extreme arm L
is moved through its least varying range of motion and thus causes the initial A. of
the type wheel V to take its place over a printing table being retained in this
position by the pawl X which falls by gravity into a notch or ratchet in the
periphery of the clerk's wheel, each notch being so made as to retain its
corresponding initial on the opposite diameter of the wheel. This pawl is pivoted
at to a circular boss affixed to the upright E. Such position of the wheel is
retained until the closing of any cash drawer. It will thus be seen that as the
depression of the clerk's lever A will bring the initial A to its required position
over the printing table, the depression of the lever B will locate the initial B
and so on for the other two clerk's levers.
The type wheels V1, V2, V3, V, together with the clerk's wheel V³, are
preferably made from hard inelastic wood such as teak or box and revolve on a
spindle fixed horizontally in the uprights E7, E. The wheel V has on its outer
periphery nineteen type characters of metal or rubber representing the sequence of
£(pounds) with a blank space. They are numbered from 1 to 19 with a blank
space for 20.
These type characters together with the blank space are equi-
distant from each other and occupy in the case of V, V2, the entire circumference
of such wheels. On the left hand side and forming a portion of this wheel V₁ is a
collar for carrying a band o¹ to be described later; a boss adjoins t¹ and forms
a part of the same wheel and carries a band. The wheel V2 is identical in
construction with V, its numerals however represent the sequence of shillings from
1 to 19. The wheel V3 is similar to VI and V2 except that the numerals indicate
the sequence of pence from 1 to 11, 12 being blank, these numerals are likewise
placed equidistant together with the blank space and оссиру the entire
circumference; another dissimilarity is that the collar s' is of a larger diameter
than the reason of this being that an adequate ratio of revolution may be
secured in the pence totalling wheel V³ in a manner which will become clear when
that portion of the mechanism is described. The wheel V has no collar or boss
but is a disc of such width as to admit of the two bands and of working on its
periphery in a parallel but inverse direction. On a free lower portion of its
periphery are affixed three type characters equidistant from each other repre-
senting the first three fractions of a penny. The rubber or metal numerals of
these type wheels are intended to give an inked impression of each cash
transaction as that described in reference to the clerk's wheel Vs.

page_text: The indicating drums W, W, W³ and a segment W revolve on an adjustable
horizontal spindle B'; this spindle made of steel and of cylindrical form has its
right hand end mounted in the upright E7 and has its left hand end passing through
and projecting a short distance beyond the upright E and this projecting end has
a ratchet wheel affixed thereto the end of the spindle being squared for the
purpose. This ratchet wheel is engaged by a pawl, the object of such ratchet
being to regulate the initial tension given to certain coiled springs contained in the
above drums and fixed thereto by the end of their outer convolution to the stud or
pin (Figure 1) and by the end of their inner convolution to a pin ' affixed to
a short sleeve marked in black in Figure 1 in that portion where a part of Wis
seen in section. It will be seen in this figure that this short sleeve extends a
slight distance beyond a pin e', the said pin passing through the sleeve and the
spindle B7, thus forming a rigid connection with the spindle and being moved only
when the tension of such spring requires to be adjusted. The construction and
method of mounting these three drums being identical we will only describe the
drum W which is shewn partly in section. The periphery of this drum bears
impressed numerals representing the sequence of shillings from 1 to 19, 20 being
left blank. These numerals are caused to appear at the shillings aperture
(Fig. 12) of the outer case when required. The body of the drum is hollow and
contains the coiled spring w. The right hand side may be left open but the left
side is made flat and to this side is secured a wooden disc R2 shewn in section, and
forming a part of this disc is a smaller collar s², to carry a band 72. This disc has
a short sleeve in its centre, marked by short diagonal lines enabling it to revolve
freely on the spindle B which latter is here marked by thin horizontal lines. The
segment W consists of a portion only of a circular periphery of the same radius as
that of the drums and is fastened to and carried by a thin plate of metal
plate of metal being affixed to a small cylinder s' which revolves on the spindle B7,
such plate being marked by a thick black line on Figure I and shewn in section
at won Figure 2. The three first fractions of a penny are impressed on the outer
segmental portion of the periphery of the segment W and are carried to appear in
conjunction with the pence at the pence and farthings aperture (Fig. 12) which is
somewhat larger than the apertures for the £ (pounds) and S (shillings). Each
drum W¹, W³, W³ and the segment W4 has affixed to its inner periphery a
projecting stop pin u³ to engage a stop block to this latter being affixed to a cross
tie bar connecting the rear of the uprights E³, E7.
10
this
An assistant's registering plate El preferably of metal is affixed to the
uprights E, E at an angle of 45° more or less. In this plate are cut four
parallel slots, not otherwise designated, of sufficient length to admit of the passing
of the finger pulls, F1, F2, F3, F those slots appertaining to the £ (pounds) and
S (shillings) finger pulls being the longest and of equal length to each other, that
appertaining to the D (pence) being shorter, and that of the farthings being
shortest (see Fig. 13). On the left hand side and parallel with each of these slots
are certain numbered stops or buttons on the face of which are inscribed the
numerals corresponding with those on the indicating drums and recording type
wheels whose limit of motion these stops are intended to render speedy and
accurate. Each of these stops is furnished with a round shank which projects
through a corresponding circular hole in the registering plate E, and terminates
on the underside of such plate in a fixed square block of metal affixed to such
shank as at (Fig. 7), such block being intended to engage the block /, of the
descending finger pull F, when it is desirable to arrest the movement of the latter
at such stop, in which case the stop is depressed otherwise the finger pull slides
past such stop the small spiral spring serving to keep the block out of the
downward path of the block such spring pressing against the stop head in its
rear part and the front of the plate E. A guiding pin (see Fig. 4) affixed to the
stop head and the rear block and passing in a direction parallel with the shank
through Eserves to keep the figures impressed on the stops in a vertical position.
Or by making the stop shank of square section and the hole by which it passes
:

page_text: through the plate E", of similar square section, the guiding pin may be dispensed
with. The construction and action of all such stops are identical. In some cases
we dispense with such stops entirely and in their place we apply some slight
projection fixed on the face of E" so that by placing the opening key A³ or even
the finger thereon the said key or finger hinders the further movement of such
stop in this case a single row of numerals on the left hand side of the registering
plate and opposite such projections, serves to designate the various denominations.
The finger pulls F1, F2, F3, F4, are similar to each other and consist of a
vertically placed plate of metal sliding in the above slots of the plate E seen in
Figures 4 and 7. A portion of this vertical plate projects through the front and
rear of the slot in E" and on the front upper portion of this vertical plate another
flat plate is fixed in a horizontal position for convenience of depression by the
finger. This latter plate is cut away as to that part which is contiguous to the
stops in such a manner as to pass over such stops (see Fig. 7) and that portion of
the finger plate which approximates to the front of the registering plate is so
shaped as to prevent by its square section the falling back of the vertical plate
of such finger pull. In like manner the lower portion of the vertical plate has a
small transverse pin or projection ", 1, (Fig. 4) in the front and rear of the
registering plate to keep it in conjunction with the latter and serving as guides. On
the vertical portion of each finger which lies at the rear of the registering plate is
fixed a pawl pivoted through its forked end to the body of the pull by the
transverse pin each pawl being intended to engage in the ratchets of certain rods
and their free ends being kept in contact with such rods by means of a small flat
spring, as at 13 fastened to the upper rear end of the vertical plate. A check
block F is fastened transversely to the vertical plate of the finger pull in such a
manner that on such finger pull being drawn downwards this check block may
impinge on the stop block when the numbered stop intended to arrest its
movement is pressed inwards, as before described. To the upper end of each finger
pull at the rear of the registering plate E" is affixed a band of steel, and to make
the operation of this and other bands more clearly understood we will describe
each in detail, such bands being shewn chiefly by the dotted lines as seen through
the upright E', in Figure 2, or by full and dotted lines in Figures I and 3. To the
finger pull F, one end of a steel band o is affixed and this band passing over the
front and top of the roller n', is continued over the rear of the collar t¹ of the type
wheel V, and having made a complete turn around such collar has its other end
affixed thereto by means of a pin. A similar band o² is connected in like manner
from, to the collar 2 of the wheel V2. A similar band 03 is connected in a
like manner with F3 and 13. One end of a band of is connected with F and this
band being carried over the roller is continued over the rear of the right hand
circumference of the wheel V to about a fourth part of such circumference
counting from the first point of contact, the remaining end is then affixed by a pin
to such circumference. This forms what may be termed the first series of bands.
A. steel band p is fixed to the boss s of the type wheel V in tangential position
with respect to the cylinder o' and being carried underneath such cylinder and
having made a complete turn around the same is affixed thereto. A similar band p²
is affixed in like manner to the boss of the type wheel V2 and passing over the
top of the cylinder of makes a complete turn around the same and is then affixed
thereto. A similar band p is fixed in like manner to the collar s of the type
wheel V3 and passing underneath the cylinder o' makes a complete turn around the
same and is then affixed thereto. A similar band is affixed to the front left hand
circumference of the wheel V at a point adjoining the type character representing d.
and being carried over the front and top part of this wheel is then carried over the
top of the cylinder os, and having made a complete turn around the same is affixed
thereto. This may be termed the second series of bands. A similar band q' is
affixed to the rear of the cylinder at a point tangential with the small collar s³ of
the indicating drum W¹and passing to the rear of and then underneath such collar,
and having made a complete turn around the saine, is affixed thereto. A similar

page_text: band is affixed in a like manner to the cylinder 2 and passing to the rear of and
then underneath the collar of the indicating drum W² makes a complete turn
around such collar and then is affixed thereto. A similar band q³ is affixed in a
like manner to the cylinder and passing to the rear of and then underneath the
collar s' of the indicating drum W³ makes a complete turn around such collar and
is then affixed thereto. A similar band is attached in a like manner to the
cylinder at a point tangential with a stud 9 by one of its ends, the other end
being attached to such stud, this stud being fastened to the flat plate of the
segment W. Another similar band connects this with a spiral spring of the said
spring being affixed at its other end to the lower case at q³. This may be termed
the third series of bands.
The ratchet rods, four in number are pivoted at their upper and lower ends into
the upper bracket N and the lower bracket N such brackets being screwed to the
rear of the indicating plate E" in the position indicated in Figure 2 and such rods
lying at the rear of and parallel with the slots in which the finger pulls are
actuated; one of these ratchet rods is shewn in Figure 2 and marked Q². The rod
appertaining to the £(pounds) denomination has nineteen ratchets, that of the
S (shillings) a like number, that of the D (pence) cleven, that of the farthings three,
such ratchets facing the pawls attached to the finger pulls. Sometimes we apply
an arrangement, such as a strip of metal lying adjacent to the right hand side of such
ratchets and forming a part of the ratchet rod in such a manner that when a partial
revolution is given to such ratchet rods the point of the pawl 75 which has by such
motion been caused to leave the ratchet, becomes engaged on the side of the slip
remote from the ratchets and can no longer be made to operate on such ratchets
until such pawl shall have returned to zero, the said strip of metal being made to
terminate at a point near thereto in such a manner as to permit the ratchet rod
to resume its normal position. The object of this, or of any equivalent device is to
prevent any tampering on the part of the clerk with the zeroing action of the cash
till. Such a strip is indicated in section only on Figure 7 but is not lettered for
reference. The office of such ratchet rods is to retain the finger pulls in the
desired position by means of the pawls as at attached to such pulls and so to
cause the various sums indicated and registered to remain in such condition until a
subsequent cash transaction, this being their normal state. When a new cash
transaction takes place the depression of any of the clerk's levers will give motion
to the lever arm N which gives a retreating action to the connecting bar N¹ which
by the medium of a short arm N° causes the rod Q to make about a quarter
revolution on its central pivot in a left handed direction. At the rear of the
ratchet rods and towards their lower end is a bar R to which are affixed four
equidistant pivot screws such distance being equal to that of the lower pivots of the
ratchet rods. To these pivots, 6, 7, ³, are connected the ends of corresponding
arms 1, 2, 3, 4, which are respectively fixed by their other ends to Q, Q2 Q3 Q
A partial revolving motion therefore imparted to the rod Q by means of the
retiring action of the connecting bar N and the short lever No will be similarly
transmitted to Q, Q3, Q by means of the connecting bar R and the arms pivoted
thereto. Such a motion will release the free ends of the pawls attached to the
finger pulls which becoming disengaged from such ratchets and resting against the
smooth surfaces of the rods are caused to rise upwards in their slots to the zero
position by the force of the coiled springs in the indicating drums W1, W2, W³, or
in the case of the segment W₁ by the tension of the spiral spring such force
being transmitted through the respective series of steel bands the downward
action of the finger pulls giving an additional tension to such springs and the
upward movement of the pulls allowing such springs to resume their initial
tension.
The transmitting cylinders o³, r¹, 0º, r², o², r³, o", and constitute what may be
termed a reversing gear inasmuch as they cause indicated and registered cash sums
to appear in their regular sequence at the front and back of the cash till. At the
same time these cylinders operate on certain other mechanism connected with the
B

page_text: totalling portion of the cash till, in a manner to be described later. These cylinders
with the exception of of and are constructed with a similar diameter to the
bosses and of the type wheels V1 V2 and the collars, 2 and 3 of the
indicating drums. They are made preferably of hard wood. The cylinders of
and are of somewhat smaller diameter. The cylinder of is placed opposite the
boss of the type wheel V and is connected with the cylinder by means of a
sleeve fixed to the centre of each such cylinder and terminating at one end by
what we will call the ratchet end or outer side of and being continued through
to the upright E. This sleeve is mounted on a horizontal steel spindle a shewn in
black in the sectional elevation on Fig. 4. This spindle together with other similar
spindles a, a, a, are mounted at their ends in the uprights E and E the inter-
mediate upright being cut away in that part crossed by them to allow of their
free passage. Such, spindles carry the various cylinders above mentioned as
likewise the totalling wheels together with their sleeves and the actuating ratchets
connected therewith. The cylinder is placed opposite the bosss of the type
wheel Vaud is actuated by the band. The cylinder of is placed opposite the
small collars of the type wheel V2 and is connected with the cylinder which is
opposite the collar 2 of the drum W by means of the sleeve which sleeve is
therefore somewhat longer but mounted and adjusted in a similar manner to 18.
In a similar manner the cylinder of placed opposite the collars of the type
wheel V3 is by means of the sleeve connected to the cylinder opposite the
collars of the drum W³. The cylinder of is placed opposite the farthing type
wheel V and is connected with the cylinder (which is placed opposite the pin 7°
of the segment W4) by means of the longest sleeve and is similarly mounted and
adjusted.
Towards those ends of the spindles a, a, a, as which are mounted in the skeleton
frame upright Es are fixed certain totalling wheels (see Fig. 4) the wheel a for
the (pounds) ao for S (shillings) a" for pence and a for farthings, their faces
approximating to the graduated portions of such upright (see Fig. 3) and bearing
their respective nunerals disposed on their surfaces as seen in the dotted portions
on Fig. 6 the reverse or rear portion of such wheels being shewn in Fig. 4. The
circumference of such wheels have a ratchet form as seen in this figure, the wheel a
having twenty of such ratchets, the wheel a having also twenty, the wheel al
having eleven and the wheel a" having four. These ratchets are engaged by
retaining pawls as at a pivoted to the upright Es by a pin as at a" and such pawls
are kept in conjunction with such ratchets by a spring as at a and this description
will suffice for such pawls having a similar office in regard to such wheels. The
wheel a³ is mounted on and affixed to one end of a short sleeve revolving on a³
such sleeve carrying at its other end namely that which adjoins the cylinder o a
ratchet wheel which is in this case not designated by a letter of reference but
which we will term the companion ratchet of a'. This ratchet wheel has twenty
teeth on its outward circumference cut in the same direction as those of the wheel a
and is engaged by a pawl affixed to and revolving with the adjacent cylinder o³ and
is actuated in a manner to be shewn in the case of a similar combination respecting
the wheel a. The wheel a¹º is concentrically fastened to one end of the sleeve
which being mounted on the spindle as is connected with a companion ratchet wheel
in this case denominated Gaffixed to that end of the sleeve adjacent to the
cylinder . This cylinder has affixed to it a pawl G² (see Figure 3) the said pawl
actuating the ratchet wheel G and being kept in conjunction therewith by the
spring affixed in a suitable manner to the cylinder o. This disposition of
ratchets and pawls in connection with such totalling apparatus being identical in
each case the same description will apply to all save that the companion ratchet
of a³, has twenty teeth the companion of a namely G has twenty teeth the com-
panion of a has twelve teeth and the companion of a has four teeth. The
sleeve is the longest and the shortest. The means by which the totalling
wheels act on each other is observed on Fig. 4 where on the rear portion of the
wheel is shewn a pawl a¹³ affixed to such wheel by a pivot as represented. As

page_text: the wheel a¹ is caused to revolve in the direction indicated by the arrow, one end
of the pawl travelling with such wheel is caused to engage at a certain portion of
its revolution with the overlapping portion of the teeth of the wheel a in such a
manner as to move the latter wheel one twentieth part of its total revolution. This
pawl a¹³ does not prevent the wheel a being moved independently of such pawl for
when the cylinder is revolved the wheel a is likewise caused to revolve in a
similar direction but only in a forward sense being restrained from a backward
movement by its retaining pawl affixed to E3 and if in the course of such a forward
motion the teeth of the wheel a should touch the engaging end of the pawl a¹³ it
will be in such a manner as to cause the engaging end of such pawl to become
depressed and such tooth or teeth having passed such pawl the latter will resume
its normal position by its non engaging end being brought against a stop a" by the
force of a small flat spring a", such stop and spring being affixed to the wheel a
A similar combination of pawls and springs is attached to the totalling wheels of
the pence and farthings denomination to effect a like purpose. If it is desirable
for the cash till to be made to indicate on its totalling portion a larger sun than
£19 19 11 a supplementary wheel a may be added having any required number
of teeth on its circumference, such teeth to be moved by a pawl affixed to the
wheel a as shewn in Figure 4, where such supplementary wheel has twenty teeth
shewn and will thus enable the cash till to register as much as £399 19 113. The
sequence of £140 is only shewn in the illustration on Fig. 6. In Fig. 6 it will be
seen that the amount £19 19 11 is shewn through certain exposing apertures in
the skeleton frame E. When an additional farthing has been registered by means
of the finger pull certain blank spaces on the faces of a, a, a" and a¹ are next
shewn at their respective apertures and the numeral 20 appears at an aperture
appertaining to such supplementary wheel, if such wheel be used.
A moveable drawer occupies a portion of the upper case and contains the
printing frame Z and other appurtenances illustrated in detail in Figures 8, 9,
and 10. In Fig. 8 these appurtenances are marked in dotted lines as seen through
the back of the drawer. The printing frame 72 is marked in two positions, the
lower one being the normal, the upper the operating position. It is pivoted at the
fixed end by a rod which rod is mounted at one end in the back of the drawer as
seen in Figure 9. The sides of such frame extend from one short side of the drawer
near to which the frame is pivoted to the other short side adjacent to the plunging
bar and are there connected together by a cross tie, underneath which the
square double bent area of the bracket G engages for raising the printing frame
this bracket being affixed to F. The upper portion of this end of the drawer is cut
away to allow of the adjoining end of the printing frame which rests on it to take
its normal position and allowing the drawer to be removed for inspection. An
intermediate tie bar not designated serves to render the frame rigid. A roll of
paper 73 lies at the bottom of the drawer the free end of such roll is carried upwards
over a printing table affixed on the sides of the frame 22 and is there operated
upon by the type characters in a manner to be described later, the band of paper is
then continued downwards and passes between a roller which is pivoted to the
sides of the frame Z and certain rings of india-rubber, see Fig. 9 fixed on another
roller out of the line of inked numerals the latter roller being pivoted in a
similar manner to 3. To the end of the pivot which carries the roller and at
that end which approximates to the back of the drawer is affixed a ratchet wheel -
projecting beyond the back of the drawer, a suitable portion of the latter being cut
away for the purpose. This ratchet is actuated by the shorter arm 2 of the
paw which pawl is affixed to the outer back portion of the drawer by a pivot =
and having at right angles to the arm a longer arm falling by gravity against
a pin projecting from the back of the drawer. When the plunger F is raised to
its upper position the square armed bracket G engages the bar and causes the
printing frame 7 and its table to rise to the upper or operative positions where-
upon the type characters of the various type wheels having been inked by contact
with the inking roller over which they have passed are brought into conjunction

page_text: with the paper band and leave thereon a printed record of each cash transaction.
When this has taken place the plunger F is caused to fall by the closing of the
drawer in a manner to be described later, and the printing frame no longer supported
by the bracket likewise falls by gravity and in doing so the arm 10 of the pawl
engages a fresh tooth of the ratchet to that which it had previously actuated and.
the impressed portion of the paper band being held by frictional contact between
the rubber rings of the roller and the roller ³ is drawn away from the printing
table so as to present a fresh portion to the type characters and the already
The sum
impressed portion is stored in the lower vacant portion of the drawer.
of £1 2 6 A is shewn in Fig. 9 as it would appear over the printing table when
such sum has been registered and recorded by the clerk operating the lever A, on
the closing of the cash drawer appertaining to him and before the fresh space las
been allowed to take its place.
The inking roller extending the width of the type characters is suspended by
a nearly flat horizontal flat arm to one end of which it is pivoted, the other end
of such arm being itself pivoted at to the uprights E7, E. This arm is bent at
right angles and extends at " in a downward vertical direction from 18 and bears
at its lowest extremity a balancing weight 18 which, while keeping the roller" in
contact with the type characters of the wheels, allows such type characters to pass
freely in either direction over its surface. The cut away portion of the back of the
drawer allows such drawer to be opened.
In Fig. 8 is illustrated the action of the tripping levers, 3, of the upper and
lower right hand cash drawers and their connection with the plunging rod F and
certain connecting lever arms, and as the action of each tripping lever is identical
the description of one will suffice. The upper right hand cash drawer IV is here
shewn in two positions, the one with firm black lines shewing it as closed, the
dotted lines shewing it in the action just previous to such closing. In the closed
state the tripping lever is pivoted at to the prolonged side of such drawer and
its free end rests on a projecting pin affixed to such drawer.
When the drawer
is fully thrust ontwards by its rear spiral spring the tripping lever will be drawn
together with it to a forward position remote from the pin K³ fixed to the arm J³,
this arm forming a part of the shaft H'. In Figure this latter mentioned shaft is
shewn extending the full width of the rear of the lower case and having a similar
arm at its opposite end. It is pivoted to the sides of such case at H³. This
shaft is actuated by the upper right and left hand cash drawers. An identical
lever similarly constructed and mounted, is actuated by the lower right and
left hand cash drawers in the following manner. In the act of closing the
upper right hand side cash drawer the free end of this tripping lever i engages
underneath the pin K³ affixed to J³ and causes such end of the arm to rise to
the position indicated by the dotted lines (Fig. 8) and having done so, the pin K³
of the arm J3 having passed over the pivoted end of the tripping lever falls to
This action is
its normal position indicated by the firm lines as seen in Figure 8.
common to all the tripping levers. The pins K³, Kathixed respectively to J3 J4
are made to project and pass through the plunging rod F which couples in this
manner the shafts Hand H2 together. Thus the closing of any cash drawer will
always cause the plunging rod F to make an upward movement indicated by the
dotted lines. This plunging rod F perpendicularly placed and pivoted to the
lever arms J3, J4 at its lower end, carries on its intermediate length the bracket G,
which raises the printing frame as above described. At its top end it is pivoted to
an arm Y, by a pin y' this arm being pivoted at its other end to the inner side of
the upright E by the pin y. This arm Y resting at its free end on a stop y
affixed to E carries at about its middle part a spring pressed clutch y pivoted at y
and pressed by the spring y' against a stop y such stop being affixed to Y. In
the upper motion of Y one end of the clutchy becomes depressed by engaging with
the short end of the pawl X and passing such pawl inoperatively resumes its normal
position against the stop y¹ by means of the spring y. In the downward movement
of the arm the end of the clutch y engages during a portion of such downward

page_text: movement with the short end of the pawl X and by depressing such end causes the
long end of such pawl to release whatever ratchet of the wheel V it may have
retained and such wheel reverts to its normal position. The limit of the downward
movement of F, which is caused by gravity, is limited by the stop pin y. The
position of the lower right hand cash drawer when in the act of being impelled
forward by its rear spring is shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 8, such spring however
not being shewn in this figure, and the tripping lever of such drawer is shown as
sliding inoperatively over the pin K' of the lever arm J. Such inoperative action
is common to all such tripping levers in the case of the opening of such drawers, and
the raising action of such tripping levers is likewise common to all such tripping
levers when such drawers are caused to close. In connection with the printing
mechanism we employ a retaining clutch 10 of which a front and side view are
shewn in full size in Fig. 5 and such clutch is shewn mounted in its proper position
on Figure 8. The object of this clutch is to prevent the pawl X falling to its
normal position too soon and thus engaging any intermediate ratchet of the clerk's
wheel before such wheel has reverted to its zero state. This clutch, made of metal
is of a crescent shape, pivoted at a point a little below its centre to the inner face
of the upright E by a pin
Below this pin, on the lower inner curve it is
pressed towards the stop pin so by a flat spring s³ this pin and stop being affixed to
the inner face of E. It does not touch the stop s until a stop pin affixed to
the collar side of the clerk's wheel and engaging the lower outer end of the clutch,
is removed by the revolution of such wheel to an indicating position, whereupon,
the top portion of the stop 10 is brought into contact with by the spring $13 and
so remains while the clerk is registering a cash transaction. When any drawer is
closed at the end of such transaction the plunger F is first raised and the amount is
printed in the manner already described; when this is effected the plunger F falls
by gravity and the end of the clutchy on the arm Y engages with the short arm of
the pawl X and raises the end 2 which end in so rising strikes the stop and in
rebounding is engaged by the lips of the lower inuer curve of $10 until the stop s12
is brought back to the lower end of the clutch by the zeroing action of the clerk's
wheel upon which impact the lip s is caused to release the point.c and to fall upon
the circumference of the clerk's wheel.
The operations of the various devices comprising the apparatus above described
are as follows :-
Upon the depression of any one of the levers A, B, C or D, say for instance the
lever A, the apparatus which in its normal state indicates, registers and records the
amount of the last cash transaction is caused to assume a negative or zero condition
by the pawls being released from the teeth of the ratchet rods Q1, Q2 Q3 Q4 by
the latter being turned by the arm N and the link N¹ connected thereto, leaving
the finger pulls F1, F2, F F free to be drawn up to the top of the slots in the
At the
plate E by the recoil of the springs in the indicating drums W. W, W³
same time the drawer I controlled by the lever A is released by the link e lifting
the catch and the drawer is impelled forward by the action of the spring affixed
to the rear end of such drawer while at the same time the initial A of the lever A
on the clerks' wheel V is, by the rear end of the lever A acting through the link B¹
levers Cand Land band, brought into position above the printing table Z.
The drawer I being thus opened and its contents made accessible, the cash transaction
is effected by the clerk and registered by his pulling down the finger pulls F1, F2,
F3, For one or more of them to the stops / 10 corresponding with the amount
which he has deposited in the drawer. Before pulling down any one finger
pull the clerk presses inwardly the particular stop corresponding thereto so as to
prevent the finger pull being pulled down too far. These movements of the finger
pulls are by the bands p³ correspondingly communicated to the type
wheels V, V, V, V and from the type wheels to the indicating drums W', W2, W
and drum segment W by the bands O', 0, 03, 04 cylinders 0, 0, 0, 08
cylinders, and bands 7, 9, 13, so that the said amount registered by
the clerk is by the figures of the drums W, W2, W³ and segment W shewn to the
:

page_text: customer through the apertures marked £s d and the corresponding figures on
the type wheels V1, V2, V3, V4 brought in position above the printing frame Z.
The ratchets engaging with the ratchet rods Q', Q, Q3, Q maintain the
finger pulls in their positions which indicates to the clerk by their contignity to the
numbered stops or indicators the amount so deposited and registered in proper
sequence. The said turning movements of the cylinders O³, 06, 07, 08 or one or
more of them also, through the pawls G ratchet wheels G' and sleeves corre-
spondingly move the totalling discs or wheels a, a, a, a¹ or one or more of them
so as to add the amount of the present transaction on to what the totalling discs or
wheels previously indicated. The closing of the drawer effects, when desired, the
printing of the amount of the transaction and the clerks' letter A on the continuous
paper by the plunger F being caused to rise by the tripping lever, this upward
movement of the plunger F lifting the printing frame 22 and pressing the paper
against the type of the type wheels previously inked by passing against the inking
roiler. Just before the drawer I is quite closed the falling of the plunger F
releases the pawl X and allows the clerks' wheel V³ to revert to zero as above
described.
We sometimes dispense with the hereinbefore described devices which form a
printed record of the amounts placed in the drawers.
When the apparatus is made with only one cash drawer the clerks' wheel and the
mechanism for operating it are dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1. In apparatus for checking recording indicating and totalling the amounts of
cash receipts and analogous operations, the use of two or more cash drawers in
combination with a clerk's initial wheel or segment bearing letters or other marks
on its periphery corresponding with the said drawers so arranged that the act of
opening any one of the said drawers turns the clerk's wheel or segment and brings
the letter or other mark thereon corresponding with that drawer into position to
mark the impending transaction, substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. In combination with the cash drawers and clerks' initial wheel or segment for
the purposes described, the devices hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings for opening any one of the cash drawers and simultaneously
causing the clerks' wheel or segment to turn so as to bring the latter or other mark
thereon corresponding with the opening drawer into position and then to remain
stationary whilst the transaction is being recorded and finally to return to its zero
position upon the drawer being closed, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
3. In apparatus of the kind herein referred to, the use of the locking levers for
operating the cash drawers in combination with the ratchet rods connected to said
levers and adapted to turn to release the finger pulls to zero as any one of the
drawers opens, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
4. In an apparatus for the purposes herein set forth, the type wheels V1, V2, V3, V4
and the means for operating them and for retaining them in position to register the
cash transactions in combination with the indicating drums W, W2, W³ and drum
segment W and the means for transmitting the motion of the type wheels to the
said indicating drums and drum segment, arranged so as to shew the registered and
indicated sums in their proper sequence of sd (pounds, shillings, pence and
fractions of a penny) to the clerk and customer respectively, substantially as herein-
before described.
5. In apparatus of the kind herein referred to, the use in combination with the
finger pulls and the pawls thereof, of ratchet rods which are arranged to turn to
release the finger pulls to zero, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
.:
6. In apparatus of the kind herein referred to, the use of the cylinders and their
bands (herein described as the reversing gear") as a medium for transmitting the
movements of the finger pieces or pulls to the indicating drums or discs arranged so

page_text: as to shew the registered and indicated suns in their proper sequence of £s d
(pounds, shillings, pence and fractions of a penny) to the clerk and customer
respectively, substantially as hereinbefore described.
7. In apparatus for the purposes herein set forth, the means for retaining the type
wheels and spring indicating drums and drum segment in their required positions
and for releasing of the same to zero, consisting of the finger pulls and bands con-
nected to the type wheels and furnished with pawls which engage with ratchet rods
or bars adapted to partially turn and release the pawls, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
8. In apparatus for the purposes herein set forth, the means for retaining the type
wheels and spring indicating drums and drum segment in their required positions
and for releasing the same to zero upon the opening of any one of the cash drawers,
consisting of the finger pulls and bands connected to the type wheels and furnished
with pawls which engage with ratchet rods the said ratchet rods being so connected
to the depressing levers (such as A, B, C, and D) as to be partially turned, and
thereby release the pawls, simultaneously with any one of the said levers being
depressed, substantially as herein before described.
9. In apparatus of the kind herein referred to, the use of the totalling wheels or
dises with their pawls and catches arranged and operating as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
10. In apparatus of the kind herein referred to, the combination with the
registering finger pieces or pulls of the moveable stops arranged substantially as
herein described so as to prevent the finger pieces or pulls being overpulled.
11. The combination of devices constituting the improved apparatus for checking
indicating and totalling the amounts of cash receipts and analogous operations, with
or without the devices for printing or recording arranged and operating substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 7th day of July 1891.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicants.