Improvements in the Manufacture of the Foot Hinges or Foot Staples of the Doors of Railway Wagons and Trucks, Imcture of other like Articles such as the Staples of the Controlling Chains of Bogie Railway Carriages and Trucks, Horse and Strain Hooks of Railway Wagons and Trucks and Door and other Handles.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of the Foot Hinges or Foot Staples
of the Doors of Railway Wagons and Trucks, which Improvements
may also be applied to the Manufacture of other like Articles such
as the Staples of the Controlling Chains of Bogie Railway Carriages
and Trucks, Horse and Strain Hooks of Railway Wagons and
Trucks and Door and other Handles.
We, JABEZ LONES and EDWARD HOLDEN, trading as Lones, Vernon and Holden,
of Sandwell Iron and Axle Works, Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Manu-
facturers, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
Foot hinges or foot staples for the doors of railway wagons and trucks consist
of a cylindrical pin or axis made in one piece with flat end plates, which plates are
secured to the wagon or truck, the said cylindrical pin or axis being situated out
of the plane of the said fixing end plates so that when the foot hinge or foot staple
is fixed, to the wagon or truck a space is left between the cylindrical pin or axis
and the face of the wagon or truck.
To this cylindrical pin or axis the flap or arm of the hinge, fixed on the door,
turns.
In making foot hinges or foot staples according to our invention we proceed as
follows. We take a billet of wrought iron or steel and by a rolling operation
form from the said billet a long flat thick bar having along the middle of one of
its flat faces, a strong rib the said rib being nearly semicircular in cross section
with an expanded base. By a further rolling operation effected in a pair of pro-
perly shaped rolls, we form from the ribbed part of the bar curved projections or
protuberances with flat sides. By the same rolling operation we form along the
middle of the bar and joining the projections described a thin flat web. These
projections are arranged on the bar in equidistant pairs so that by cutting or
shearing the bar transversely midway between the several pairs of projections,
iron or steel blanks or moulds are made from which the foot hinges are to
be made.
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"
We take a blank or mould" of the kind described and cut from its marginal
parts rectangular notches extending nearly between the pair of projections on the
blank, so as to leave at the middle of the blank and between and joining the pair
of projections a strong web of the thickness of the original bar. A partially
formed foot hinge or foot staple is thus made consisting of two flat end plates
joined at their middle by the strong web and projections described.
The partially made foot hinge is next operated upon in an inverted' position by
a pair of dies, that is with the projections downwards. By the action of the said!
dies upon the heated blank or partially made foot hinge the strong middle web
is forced outwards into the same plane as, and made to form a continuation of the
projections on the end plates. The forced out or projecting middle web and
the protruberances at the ends of the same constitute the projecting axis or rod of
the foot hinge or foot staple and the end plates to which the axis or rod is joined

page_text: form the attaching plates of the foot hinge or foot staple. The foot hinge or foot
staple thus made is finished in the ordinary way,
Instead of the axis or rod being situated along the middle of the foot hinge it
may be situated a little out of the middle line of the said foot hinge.
Staples for the controlling chains of bogie railway carriages and trucks and
horse hooks and strain hooks for railway wagons and trucks consist of flat fixing
plates having between them a raised middle cross bar or loop and some kinds of
door and other handles resemble the said staples and hooks, the raised middle cross
bar forming in the last named case the grip of the handle.
The process or combination of processes herein before described which we use
for the manufacture of the foot hinges or foot staples of railway wagon and truck
doors, is also applicable, with slight modification in the shape of the tools, to the
manufacture of the said bogie chain staples, to horse and strain hooks, to door and
other handles and to iron or steel articles of a like kind for various purposes.
Dated th: Th: of Wal
1007
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in the Manufacture of the Foot Hinges or Foot Staples
of the Doors of Railway Wagons and Trucks, which Improvements
may also be applied to the Manufacture of other like Articles such
as the Staples of the Controlling Chains of Bogie Railway Carriages
and Trucks, Horse and Strain Hooks of Railway Wagons and
Trucks and Door and other Handles.
We, JABEZ LONES and EDWARD HOLDEN, trading as Lones, Vernon and Holden,
of Sandwell Iron and Axle Works, Smethwick, in the County of Stafford, Manu-
facturers do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
Foot hinges or foot staples for the doors of railway wagons and trucks consist
of a cylindrical pin or axis made in one piece with flat end plates, which plates are
secured to the wagon or truck, the said cylindrical pin or axis being situated out
of the plane of the said fixing end plates so that when the foot hinge or foot staple
is fixed to the wagon or truck a space is left between the cylindrical pin or axis
and the face of the wagon or truck.
To this cylindrical pin or axis the flap or arm of the hinge, fixed on the door
turns.
In making foot hinges or foot staples according to our invention we proceed as
follows. We take a billet of wrought iron or steel and by a rolling operation
form from the said billet a long flat thick bar having along the middle of one of
its flat faces, a strong rib, the said rib being nearly semi-circular in cross
section. By a further rolling operation effected in a pair of properly
shaped rolls, we form from the ribbed part of the bar curved projections or pro-
tuberances with flat sides. By the same rolling operation we form along the
middle of the bar and joining the projections described a thin flat web. These
projections are arranged on the bar in equidistant pairs so that by cutting or
shearing the bar transversely midway between the several pairs of projections,
iron or steel blanks or moulds are made from which the foot hinges are to
be made.
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page_text: «
We take a blank or mould" of the kind described and cut from its marginal
parts rectangular notches extending nearly between the pair of projections on the
blank, so as to leave at the middle of the blank and between and joining the pair
of projections a strong web of the thickness of the original bar. A partially
formed foot hinge or foot staple is thus made consisting of two flat end plates
joined at their middle by the strong web and projections described.
The partially made foot hinge is next operated upon in an inverted position by
a pair of dies, that is with the projections downwards. By the action of the soil
dies upon the heated blank or partially made foot hinge the strong middle web
is forced outwards into the same plane as, and made to form a continuation of the
projections on the end plates. The forced out or projecting middle web and
the protuberances at the ends of the same constitute the projecting axis or rod of
the foot hinge or foot staple and the end plates to which the axis or rod is joined
form the attaching plates of the foot hinge or foot staple. The foot hinge or foot
staple thus made is finished in the ordinary way.
Staples for the controlling chains of bogie railway carriages and trucks and
horse hooks and strain hooks for railway wagons and trucks consist of flat fixing
plates having between them a raised middle cross bar or loop and some kind of
door and other handles resemble the said staples and hooks, the raised middle cross
bar forming in the last named case the grip of the handle.
The process or combination of processes hereinbefore described which we use
for the manufacture of the foot hinges or foot staples of railway wagon and truck
doors, is also applicable, with slight modification in the shape of the tools, to the
manufacture of the said bogie chain staples, to horse and strain hooks, to door and
other handles and to iron or steel articles of a like kind for various purposes.
We will first describe, with reference to the accompanying Drawings, the manu-
facture of the foot hinges or foot staples of the doors of railway wagons, and trucks
according to our invention.
Figure 1 represents in elevation, partly in longitudinal section and Figure 2 in
cross section, taken on the otted line a, a Figure 1, the pair of grooved rolls
which we use for the production of the protuberated and webbed bar from which
the foot hinge blanks or "moulds" are cut.
We take a heated billet of wrought iron or steel and pass it first through the
pair of grooves of the rolls so as to roll the said billet into a long bar having the
sectional form represented in elevation and cross section in Figure 3, that is, we
form on the edges or sides of the bar longitudinal ribs and give the top and bottom
of the bar a curved figure. The heated bar Figure is then passed through
the grooves c of the rolls so as to give to the bar the sectional figure repre-
sented in Figure 4. The bar thus rolled is flat or oblong in cross section
and has on its upper and lower faces longitudinal inverted V shaped ribs.
The bar Figure 4 is next passed through the grooves d of the rolls so as to produce
the bar represented in Figure 5, that is, a bar is produced having along the middle
of one of its flat faces a strong rib . The heated bar Figure 5 being inverted
is passed through the grooves e of the pair of rolls so as 'to form from the ribbed
part curved projections or protuberances with flat sides as represented in the
rolled bar Figure 6, where the projections or protuberances are marked f, f. The
projections or protuberances f, f are produced by the depressions f, f in the
groove of the top roll of the pair of rolls. By the last rolling operation, a thin
flat web his formed along the middle of the bar and joining the said projections f, f.
It will be seen by an examination of Figure 6 that the projections or pro-
tuberances f, f are arranged in equi-distant pairs on the face of the bar so that
by cutting or shearing the bar transversely midway between the several pairs of
projections, blanks or moulds" of the kind represented in plan and longitudinal
section in Figure 7, are made. To convert this brank or mould into a foot hinge.
or foot staple we proceed as follows:-
"
We place the blank or mould in a press, and by the operation of the cutting
tools of the press, we cut notches from the marginal parts of the blank, the sar

page_text: notches extending nearly between the pair of projections f, f as represented in
plan and elevation in Figure 8, where the marginal notches are marked i, i. By
this cutting operation, a strong web k is left at the middle of the blank and
between and joining the pair of projections f, f, the said web having the thick-
ness of the original bar as seen in the side elevation Figure 8. The partially made
foot hinge Figure 8 is heated to a welding heat and placed in an inverted position,
or with the projections f, f downwards, in a pair of dies in a press or stamp. By
the operation of the said dies the strong web k of the heated blank is forced
outwards into the same plane as and welded to and made to form a continuation of
the projections f, f as represented in the finished foot hinge Figure 9. By the
operation last described the forced out middle web and the projections f, f
welded to it, constitute the projecting axis or rod of the foot hinge, the said axis
or rod being joined to the end plates m, m by which the foot hinge is attached to
the wagon. The end plates m, m are perforated to form the bolt holes in the
ordinary way. Instead of the axis or rod being situated along the middle of the
foot hinge as represented, it may be situated a little out of the middle line of
auty 1007 307
The cutting tools which we use for cutting out the marginal parts at i and the
dies for fashioning the rod or axis from the parts f and k, are of the kind
commonly employed for like purposes and we therefore do not consider it necessary
to describe or represent the same.
The process of manufacture last described may be modified in the following
manner. We take the rolled bar Figure 5, having the strong rib d along the middle
of one of its faces, and pass it through the last grooves of the rolls Figures 1 and 2,
the shape of the grooves being so modified as to produce from the said rib d² and
the body of the bar, a series of equi-distant long raised projections of the kind
represented in Figure 9 and marked 7, in place of the pairs of short projections or
protuberances f, f Figure 6. To roll this modified bar the end groove e of the
upper roll Figures 1 and 2 has in its periphery equi-distant depressions, the
counterpart of the said projection Figure 9, and the end groove of the lower roll
is provided with equi-distant projections of a figure proper to form the gaps on the
underside of the projections and between the end plates of the partly made
foot hinges or foot staples.
The bar rolled by the use of the modified end grooves of the pair of rolls last
described has along its middle, a series of equi-distant long raised projections of
the kind shown at 6 Figure 9, joined to the upper face of the bar and by cutting or
shearing the bar transversely midway between its adjacent raised projections,
nearly finished foot hinges or foot staples of the kind represented in Figure 9 are
produced, the said partly made foot hinges or foot staples being finished by
fashioning the end attaching plates m, m and perforating them for the bolt holes.
Figure 10 represents in elevation a railway wagon or truck to which foot hinges
or foot staples made according to our invention are applied. In the said Figure 10
the wagon or truck door is marked n and the foot hinges or foot staples are
marked 2; 9, are the flaps or arms of the door turning on the cylindrical rods
or axes of the foot hinges as usual.
Figure 11 represents in plan and side elevation, a staple for the controlling
chain of a bogie railway carriage or truck made in the manner described with
respect to the foot hinges of a railway wagon door. In this case the projecting bar
or pin is made somewhat deeper than the bar or pin of the foot hinge; and instead
of flat attaching ends, the attaching ends are made in the form of eyes m², m² for
the fixing bolts to pass through. A staple of this kind attached to a bogie railway
truck or carriage is represented in Figure 12 and is marked m³.
Figure 13 represents a horse hook for railway wagon or truck made according
to our invention. This hook resembles the bogie staple represented in Figure 11.
Figure 14 represents a door handle made according to our invention.
A horse hook is represented attached to a railway truck in Figure 10 and is
marked r, and a door handle is marked s in the said Figure 10.

page_text: In making strain hooks for railway wagons and trucks according to our inven-
tion we modify the method of manufacture in the following manner.
We make by the rolling, cutting and bending and welding processes herein-
before described with respect to the manufacture of foot hinges, a long raised
middle bar or rod t and end plates u, u of the kind represented in Figure 15 and
we make from this blank two strain hooks. That is to say, we divide the middle
bar or rod t at the dotted line so as to form two blanks or partly made strain
hcoks, and from each of the said blanks we make a strain hook by pointing the
end of the rod and bending the pointed end into a hook was represented in
Figure 16.
In Figure 12 a strain hook is represented attached to a bogie railway truck
and is marked a.
Besides the articles we have enumerated the method of manufacture herein-
before described and illustrated is also applicable to the manufacture of iron or
steel articles of a like kind for various purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that we claim as
our invention of
"
'Improvements in the manufacture of the foot hinges or foot staples of the
doors of railway wagons and trucks which improvements may also be applied to the
manufacture of other like articles such as the staples of the controlling chains of
bogie railway carriages and trucks, horse and strain hooks of railway wagons and
trucks and door and other handles":-
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Making the said articles and other like articles by the process or combination
of processes herein before described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings;
that is to say, rolling from a billet of wrought iron or steel a long flat thick bar
having along the middle of one of its flat faces a series of curved projections or pro-
tuberances arranged in equi-distant pairs on the said bar; next cutting or
shearing the bar transversely midway between the several pairs of projections or
protuberances so as to form blanks or moulds" and afterwards forming from
cach blank or mould" by cutting bending or shaping and welding operations a
middle axis or rod joined to and raised out of the plane of end pieces constituting
the attaching plates of the article, the several processes being conducted substan-
tially as before described and illustrated; also the modified method of manufacture
hereinbefore described in which a series of equi-distant long raised projections are
made by rolling on the face of the bar in place of pairs of short projections or
protuberances and the said rolled bar cut transversely between adjacent raised
projections to form partially made foot hinges or staples and the like; also the
modified method of manufacture herein before described and represented for the
production of strain hooks and like hooks.
Dated the Sixteenth day of Santambon 1907