AN IMPROVED CARTRIDGE CASE FOR BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT) to Adonis Nicolás Cristin Gavard, of Boulevard
de Strasbourg, No. 23, Paris, France; for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED CARTRIDGE CASE FOR BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS:"
Sealed the 14th June 1870, and dated the 5th January 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Adonis Nicolas Cristin
Gavard at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 5th January 1870.
'
I, ADONIS NICOLAS CRISTIN GAVARD, of Boulevard de Strasbourg,
No. 23, Paris, France; do hereby declare the nature of the said Inventions
for "AN IMPROVED CARTRIDGE CASE FOR. BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS," to be as
follows:-
The object of my Invention is the manufacture of an entirely metallic->
cartridge case. The cartridge cylinder or socket is formed of an unclosed
tube of thin sheet metal, preferably steel, which possesses perfect
elasticity. This disposition renders the cartridge case very durable,
for it can serve for an indefinite time by renewing the charge.

page_text: The cartridge cylinder or socket is formed by rolling a piece of thin
steel plate upon a mandril. The edges of the plate either simply meet or
lap over one another by superposition without being fixed, or they are
soldered together; in the latter case they are made with a longitudinal
groove to increase the elasticity. I fit a. metallic base on one end of the
steel cylinder in a manner to suit. the various known systems of per-
cussion, whether lateral, annular, or central. I. take a piece of steel
which corresponds to the size of the cartridge to be formed, and roll it
upon a mandril to bring its two edges together, or I cut the plate with
one end larger than the other, so that one may overlap the other; when 1
rolled this would bring the apparent line of juncture oblique. I prefer
to give to the line of junction of the cylinder this obliquity in order to
favor the elastic action resulting from the explosion and recoil. In
this condition the lower edge of the cylinder is turned inwards by
pressure; this turned in portion is intended to engage into the groove 1
formed in the edge of a disc which composes the metallic base, as will
be presently described. The cylinder thus prepared is tempered in order
to restore to it the elasticity lost during cutting and rolling.
"
2ndly. The metallic base is made of copper or other metal. It: is,,
taking the case, of a needle cartridge, by way of example, a disc hollowed 2
out in the interior to receive the cap; around this disc a groove is
formed to insert the turned in portion of the steel cylinder, a hole
being pierced through its side for the introduction of the pin.
3rdly. In order to mount the cylinder upon the base the former is
opened so as to cause the turned in portion to engage into the groove, 2
and the elasticity of the steel tightly encloses the said turned in portion,
within the groove. Care should be taken to make the perforations of
the cylinder correspond with the hole pierced in the base so as to permit
the easy introduction of the pin. The form of the central opening in
the metallic, base will vary, according to whether the percussion is lateral, a
annular, or central, as well as according to the: sort of. priming...
This system of metallic cartridge for permanent use is applicable to
all kinds of breech-loading fire-arms for sporting or military purposes of*
any size, and with annular, lateral, or central percussion.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent;
filed by the said Adonis Nicolas Cristin Gavard in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 5th July 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ADONIS
NICOLAS CRISTIN GAVARD, of Boulevard de Strasbourg, No. 23, Paris,
France, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her.
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-third
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Adonis Nicolas Cristin Gavard, Her special
licence that I, the said Adonis Nicolas Cristin Gavard, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Adonis
Nicolas Cristin Gavard, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED CARTRIDGE CASE FOR BREECH-
LOADING FIRE-ARMS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Adonis Nicolas Cristin Gavard, my executors or administrators, by an'
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six,
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters.
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Adonis Nicolas Cristin Gavard,
do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly, described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
The object of my Invention is the manufacture of an entirely metallic,
cartridge case. The cartridge cylinder or socket is formed of an unclosed
tube of thin sheet metal, preferably steel, which possesses. perfect.
elasticity. This disposition renders the cartridge case very durable, for.
it can serve for an indefinite time by renewing the charge..

page_text: The cartridge cylinder or socket is formed by rolling a piece of thin
steel plate upon a mandril. The edges of the plate either simply meet or
lap over one another by superposition without being fixed, or they are
soldered together; in the latter case they are made with a longitudinal
groove to increase the elasticity. I fit a metallic base on one end of the
steel cylinder in such a manner as to suit the various systems of
percussion, whether lateral, annular, or central,
I proceed by way of example to describe, with reference to Drawings
annexed, the manufacture of a pin cartridge for side percussion.
I take a piece of steel, Figures 1 and 2, which corresponds to the size
of the cartridge to be formed, and roll it upon a mandril to bring its two
edges together; or I cut the plate with one end larger than the other, so
that one may overlap the other; when rolled this would make the apparent
line of junction b, c, oblique (see Figures 3 and 10). I prefer to give to
the line of junction of the cylinder this obliquity in order to favor the
elastic action resulting from the explosion and recoil. In this condition
the lower edge of the cylinder is turned inwards by pressure (sec
Figures 5 and 6); this turned in portion d is intended to engage into
the groove formed in the edge of a disc which composes the metallic
base, as will be presently described. The cylinder thus prepared is
tempered in order to restore to it the elasticity lost during the cutting
and rolling.
Secondly. The metallic base is made of copper or other metal, and is
represented in Figures 7 and 8. It consists (taking the case of a needle
cartridge by way of example) of a disc f hollowed out in the interior to
receive the cap; around this disc a groove g is formed to insert the
turned in portion d of the steel cylinder a. A hole i is pierced through
the base at its side for the introduction of the needle h.
Thirdly. In order to mount the cylinder upon the base the former is
opened, so as to cause the turned in portion d to engage into the
groove g, and the elasticity of the steel lightly encloses the said turned
in portion within the groove (see the longitudinal section, Figure 9).
Care should be taken to make the perforation e of the cylinder corre-
spond with the hole pierced in the base, so as to permit the easy
introduction of the pin. The complete arrangement of the cylinder
and its base with the pin h and the cap is represented in Figures 10
and 11.

page_text: The form of the central opening in the metallic base will vary
according to whether the percussion is lateral, annular, or central, as
well as according to the sort of priming.
This system of metallic cartridge for permanent use is applicable to
all kinds of breech-loading fire-arms for sporting or military purposes of
any size, and with annular, lateral, or central percussion.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
'manner in which I carry it into effect, I declare that I claim, the con-
struction and employment of my metallic cartridge case, substantially as
herein-before described and as shown in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Adonis Nicolas Cristin Gavard, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of June
One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
A. N. C. GAVARD. (L.S.)
Witness,
CH. ARMENGAUD,
Civil Engineer,
23, Boulevard de Strasburg,
à Paris.