IMPROVEMENTS IN HOT-BLAST STOVES
Year: 1885

page_text: I, FREDERICK WILLIAM GORDON, of 27 Resacca Street, Allegheny, Pennsylvania,
United States of America, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOT-BLAST STOVES" and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention pertains to stoves for heating the air-blast used in blast-furnaces
and the like.
The invention relates to stoves of the regenerative type, in which a mass of
refractory material, built in multiflue form, is heated by the passage through it
of hot gases, the air-blast being subsequently passed through the mass after the
beating is completed. The invention will be readily understood from the following
description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is
a plan-section, upon line a, of a hot-blast stove embodying my improvements;
Fig. 2 a vertical section of the same upon line b; and Fig. 3 a vertical section
of the same, upon line c.
In the drawing A represents the usual jacket-wall or shell-wall of a hot-blast
stove, in the form of a vertical cylinder encased in a metal shell; B, the roof of the
same, being in the form of an arch thrown over the top of the cylinder, the axis of
the arch being at right angles to the main division-walls of the stove, or, otherwise,
those walls which determine the direction of the gas and air currents within the
stove; C, a main division wall reaching from the base of the stove to near the top
of the stove and serving to divide the stove into two general portions, the one to
the left of the wall in Fig. 3, being the combustion chamber, and the one to the
right of that wall in Fig. 3 being the regenerative chamber, the wall itself being
hereinafter denominated the combustion chamber wall; D, the combustion chamber
reaching from the base to the top of the stove, and walled by the shell-wall of the
stove and by the combustion chamber wall C; E, the usual gas flue; F, a main
division wall reaching from the top of the stove to near the bottom of the same,
and serving to divide the regenerative portion of the stove into a down-take and
an up-take, the wall being hereinafter denominated as the separating wall; G, the
footing level of the separating wall and also of certain other walls parallel to that
wall; H, a series of walls, parallel to the separating wall, and situated on that
side of the separating wall farthest from the combustion chamber, the walls
reaching from near the top of the stove to the footing level G previously referred

page_text: to; I, walls similar to the walls H but located between the separating wall and
the combustion chamber wall; J, a series of walls, at right angles to the walls I
just previously referred to and extending the same vertically at the top, and
substantially the same at the bottom, and reaching from the combustion chamber
wall to the shell-wall of the stove, intersecting and being built in with the
walls F, H and I; K, a couple of these walls extended upward higher than their
fellows, so as to form buttresses to support that portion of the separating wall
which rises above the general top of the regenerator and reaches to the roof of the
stove; L, arches forming the bases of the walls J and serving to support these walls,
and in fact all of the walls of the regenerator; M, a chamber at the foot of the
regenerator, below the arches; N, a traversing cleaning apparatus arranged on top
of the stove to serve in operating a cleaning plummet through cleaning doors in
the stove roof; O, the gas inlet and hot air outlet of the stove; P, the usual hot
air valve to serve in cutting the stove off from the hot-blast main; Q, the usual
hot-blast main; R, the gas valve through which the gas main communicates with
the opening O in the usual manner; S, the cold-blast inlet, located at the top of
the stove at the side farthest from the combustion chamber; T, the cold-blast
inlet valve; U, the chimney located on top of the stove over that portion of the
regenerator farthest from the combustion chamber; V, the chimney valve; and W,
an arched inlet by which air of combustion is admitted at the foot of the combustion
chamber through perforations in the floor of the combustion chamber.
In the operation of the stove the cold-blast valve is to be closed, the hot-blast
valve closed, the chimney valve opened, the gas valve opened, and the inlet for the
air of combustion opened sufficiently.
In this condition the stove is under gas and being heated, the gas igniting at the
foot of the combustion chamber, the hot gas rising in the combustion chamber,
turning over the top of the combustion chamber wall, passing thence downward
through that portion of the regenerator located between the separating wall and
the combustion chamber wall, thence reaching the chamber at the foot of the
regenerator, thence rising through that portion of the regenerator seen to the right
of the separating wall in Fig. 3, thence out through the chimney, the up-take
portion of the regenerator serving as a portion of the chimney.
When the stove is sufficiently heated the gas valve is closed, the chimney valve
closed, the hot-blast valve opened, the cold-blast valve is opened, and the blast put
through the stove in a course directly the reverse of that previously indicated for
the heating gases. The stove is intended to be used in connection with one or
more similar stoves, all arranged to be operated upon the usual alternate regenerator
systein.
That portion of the regenerator wall-work to the right or to the left of the
separating wall may be omitted and there may thus be a plain unfilled flue upon
either one of the sides of the separating wall, and, if desired, the number of passes
in the stove may be increased by adding any even number of separating walls, the
alternate separating walls, in such case, joining the roof, and the intermediate ones
the base of the stove.
It will be noticed that the cross walls J, with their arches, serve as the supporting
medium for the regenerator wall-work. Such construction is not essential but
I much prefer it to constructions heretofore employed, in which the regenerative
wall-work has been supported by piers and lintels, which, by the improvement set
forth, I am enabled to dispense with.
While I show the chimney on top of and supported by the stove I do not wish
to confine myself to such an arrangement. It is essential only that the chimney
connection should be at the top of the stove, as it is obvious that a chimney may
stand upon a high base alongside the stove and be connected with a chimney-
opening at the top of the stove; or that, in a group of stoves, a chimney of
sufficient area may be erected upon the top of one of the stoves and be connected
with the top of all of the stoves, such chimney being used for whichever stove or
stoves of the group may be under gas.

page_text: I do not confine myself to the specific arrangement of wall-work within the
stove, it being essential only that there shall be a successive series of up and down
passes extending in a single path from a gas inlet at the foot of the stove to a
chimney connection at the top of the stove; neither is it essential that the stove
should be circular in plan, a rectangular or elliptical plan being as applicable to the
construction embodying my improvements as the cylindrical one.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a hot-blast stove the combination of a vertical shell, a combustion chamber
wall reaching from the base of the stove to near its top, a hot-blast outlet and gas
inlēt at the foot of the combustion chamber, a separating wall reaching from the
roof of the stove to near the base of the stove, régenerator walls upon either one of
the sides of said separating wall, a chimney upon the roof of the stove over that
portion of the regenerator farthest from the combustion chamber, and a cold air
inlet at the top of the stove over that portion of the regenerator farthest from the
combustion chamber.
2. In a hot-blast stove the combination of a vertical shell having an arched roof,
a separating wall reaching from near the base of the stove to the roof of the stove
and arranged with its plane at right angles to the axis of the arch of such roof, a
combustion chamber wall reaching from the base of the stove to near the top of the
stove, and regenerator wall-work upon either one of the sides of said separating
wall.
'
3. In a hot-blast stove the combination of a vertical shell-wall, a combustion
chamber wall reaching upward from the base of the stove, a separating wall and
walls parallel thereto reaching upward from a point above the base of the stove,
and a series of walls at right angles to said walls terminating below in arches
springing from the shell-wall and combustion chamber wall.
4. In a vertical hot-blast stove the combination of a combustion chamber, a final
up-take, a vertical pass or series of passes from one to the other, a chimney
connecting by a single aperture with the top of said final up-take, and valves to
control the flow of gas and air to and from the stove.
5. In a vertical hot-blast stove the combination with a combustion chamber and
passes forming a path beyond the same, of a final up-take at one side only of the
stove, a chimney in communication with the top of said final up-take, and valves
for the control of the flow of air and gas to and from the stove.
6. In a vertical hot-blast stove the combination with a combustion chamber,
passes forming a path beyond the same, and valves for the control of the flow of
air and gas to and from the stove, of a final up-take, and a chimney connection
directly over the top of said final up-take and in communication therewith.
ALLISON BRO³,
Agents for the Applicant.