IMPROVE- MENTS IN BOOK COVERS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Hogg, junior, of No. 4, Orleans Villas,
Twickenham, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BOOK COVERS."
Sealed the 11th November 1862, and dated the 17th May 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hogg, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
May 1862.
I, JAMES HOGG, junior, of No. 4, Orleans Villas, Twickenham, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOK COVERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in improvements in the manufacture & application.
of materials for book covers, or "cases," as they are technically termed,
whereby a variety of colours and patterns are produced in the following
manner :-
In the first place, I prepare "cloth" of the kind commonly used by book.
binders by perforating it (that is to say, punching out numerous portions in a
regular manner) in the piece or web, by any convenient machinery, in a
manner similar to perforated card board. Or instead of being treated in the
piece or web, the cloth may be cut to the size of the required book cover, and
then, by the application of a proper tool or tools, perforated throughout, or the
major portion of it perforated, leaving certain parts solid if desired for the

page_text: stamps to be impressed upon the back or side of the book cover.
The perfo-
rations may be circular and uniform, resembling those on perforated card
board, or of any convenient and desirable shape and pattern.
In the second place, I affix to the millboard of the book cover one or more
layers of coloured or gilt paper or cloth previous to affixing the perforated
"cloth" in the usual manner employed in the manufacture of book covers or
"cases." By this combination- there is thus- obtainable at will a variety of
effects in colour and pattern by the gilt or coloured surface of the millboard
appearing through the perforations in the body of the "cloth."
I also prepare the "cloth" in the piece or web in the following manner :-
After it is perforated I affix to it gilt or coloured paper or cloth, according to
fancy. In this case the millboard does not require the treatment previously
described.
I claim the application of "cloth" perforated as described, and its combi-
nation with the gilt or coloured paper or cloth as described to the manufacture
of book covers or
cases."
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Hogg, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th
November 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
Hoca, junior, of No. 4, Orleans Villas, Twickenham, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two; in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for, Herself, Her heirs and successors, "give and grant unto me, the
said James Hogg, junior,. Her special licence, that I, the said James Hogg,
junior, my-executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I; the
said James Hogg, junior, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any tinie agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein, expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise: and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOOK COVERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said James Hogg, junior, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their; or one of their hands and seals,
"

page_text: should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Hogg, junior, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention consists in improvements in the manufacture and application
of materials for book covers or "
cases," as they are technically termed,
whereby a variety of colours and patterns are produced in the following
manner:-
In the first place, I prepare "cloth" of the kind commonly used by book-
binders by perforating it in the piece or web (that is to say, punching out
numerous portions. in a regular manner) by any convenient machinery in a
manner similar to perforated card board. Or instead of being treated in the
piece or web, the cloth may be cut to the size of the required book cover, and
then, by the application of a proper tool or tools, perforated throughout, or the
major portion of it perforated, leaving certain parts solid if desired for the
stamps to be impressed upon the back or side of the book cover.
The perfo-
rations may be circular and uniform, resembling those on perforated card
board, or of any convenient and desirable shape and pattern.
In the second place, I affix to the millboard of the book cover one or more
layers of coloured or gilt paper or cloth, previous to affixing the perforated
"cloth" in the usual manner employed in the manufacture of book covers or
"cases."
By this combination there is thus obtainable at will a variety of
effects in colour and pattern by the gilt or coloured surface of the millboard
appearing through the perforations in the body of the cloth.
I also prepare the "cloth" in the piece or web in the following manner:-
After it is perforated I affix to it gilt or coloured paper or cloth, according to
fancy. In this case the millboard does not require the treatment previously
described.
In conjunction with the methods herein-before specified, I provide for the
following mode of manufacturing a cloth "case" as a complete embodiment of
the improvement I have invented.
For the sake of obtaining perforations in the most clean and perfect manner
known to me, I manufacture the board of the cloth "case" in two halves, that
is to say, I attach, firstly, a stiff well-made card board to the cloth before
placing it in the perforating machine. I then punch or perforate that two-fold

page_text: fabric to any desired pattern, and finally, after having placed gilt or coloured
paper or cloth behind it, add again a solid millboard and lining to complete
⚫the "case."
And further, as respects the "back" of the "case," the special tools are
*provided for "cases" of a particular size, in the foregoing manner :--I then, if
desired, punch or perforate the "backs" to admit of pieces of colored or gilt-
paper or cloth sufficient for back lettering and ornamentation being placed
below the upper layer of cloth.
I claim the application of "cloth" perforated and punched as described,
and its combination with gilt or coloured paper or cloth as described to the
manufacture of book covers or "cases."
In witness whereof, I, the said James Hogg, junior, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of November, in the year of
our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.