Improvements in the Manufacture of Rings used in Frames for Spinning and Doubling Textile Fibres.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 23rd July, 1891-Accepted, 29th Aug.,
1891
· PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Rings used in Frames for
Spinning and Doubling Textile Fibres.
We ROSE ANN JOHNSON of No. 48 Meadow Street Moss Side Manchester in
the County of Lancaster of no occupation, and ROBERT BREWSTER of Clynedale,
Victoria Road, New Barnet in the County of Herts Manufacturer do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of rings used in frames
for spinning and doubling textile fibres, and has for its object to produce such rings
of a ceramic material which shall be as durable as metal rings at prezent in use, and
which shall dispense with oil lubrication.
The material we employ is made of feldspar, rock crystal, china clay, and borax
or other suitable flux, which are mixed in such proportions as to ensure the requisite
hardness when fired, can be highly polished, and does not require glazing.
The material or body thus composed is moulded into the required shapes and
then fired after which the rings are turned or ground and trued as required or as
necessary.
In some cases we may form rings partly of metal and partly of the before
mentioned material, in which case the metal would merely act as a holder for
the ceramic material which would be held therein or thereto by screws or other
suitable means.
We are aware that it has been proposed to make rings of earthenware or
porcelain, but such rings have always been glazed, and such glazed rings are
neither sufficiently true and smooth or sufficiently hard, and when the glaze has
worn off, the rough or biscuit surface is exposed thereby rendering such rings
unsuitable for the purposes desired.
The material which we employ is much harder than a glazed surface and the
rings can be made in a perfectly annular form and highly polished so as to cause
little friction.
-
The rings when in use do not lose their polished surface.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Rings used in Frames for
Spinning and Doubling Textile Fibres.
We, ROSE ANN JOHNSON, of No. 48 Meadow Street, Moss Side, Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, of no occupation, and ROBERT BREWSTER of Clynedale,
Victoria Road, New Barnet, in the County of Herts, Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon:-
Our invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of rings used in frames
for spinning and doubling textile fibres, and has for its object to produce such rings
of a ceramic material, which shall be as durable as metal rings at present use, and
which shall dispense with oil lubrication.
in

page_text: Borax, or other suitable flux
30 parts.
These materials are well ground and combined with water in the usual manner of
working pottery bodies or materials, and they are made into a comparatively dry
clay or body, or into what is known as slip."
The material thus prepared is, when in the state of a comparatively dry clay or
body, moulded into the required shapes by means of moulds or dies and pressure, or
it may be turned into form, or when in the form of "slip" it is moulded into the
shape required by pouring the same into moulds, as is well understood in the
pottery trade.
Rings formed of the above material are dried and fired, they are then turned
or ground, trued, and further polished if required or as may be necessary.
Rings formed of the above material possess the requisite hardness, they can be
highly polished and do not require glazing.
Figure 1 represents a vertical section and Figure 2 a plan of a ring a con-
structed entirely of the material above described, and of form to take the place of
the metal rings ordinarily used in the usual ring rails or plates of spinning and
doubling machines, and to be fixed in said rails or plates by a set screw as
usual or by other suitable means. Figure 3 is a vertical section and Figure
is a plan of a ring a formed of the material herein before described combined
with a metal base or ring e, which latter fits within the holes in the usual ring
rail or plate. In this case the ring a of ceramic material is formed with an
annular web b to fit within an annular socket or recess formed in the metal base or
ringe, and said ring a is fixed within the ring c by a set screw d or by cement,
whilst the ring c is fixed in the ring rail by the usual set screw or by other suitable
means. In all the figures e represents the traveller. In Figures 1 and 2, in con-
sequence of the ring a being without a flange at its top, the traveller is formed, as
usual, to clip over the top and bottom edges of such ring, but in Figures 3 and 4
the ring a being formed with a flange a¹ at its top, the traveller e is of form to clip
over the same as usual.
We are aware that it has before been proposed to make rings for use in spinning
and doubling frames of earthenware or porcelain, but such rings have always been
glazed and the body of the material has been comparatively rough, and such glazed
rings are neither sufficiently true and smooth or sufficiently hard; thus when the
glaze has worn off, the rough or biscuit surface is exposed, thereby rendering such
rings unsuitable for the purpose desired.
The material which we employ is much harder than a glazed surface, and the
rings can be made in a perfectly annular form and can, if necessary, be highly
polished, so as to cause little friction. Our improved rings, when in use, do not
lose their polished surface.
We would here remark that the proportions herein stated of the materials used
in the manufacture of the ceramic material to form the rings may be somewhat
varied so long as the required hardness, solidity, strength, and exterior smoothness
or polish, are obtained without the necessity for applying a glaze thereto.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
:-
:
1. The manufacture of rings for spinning and doubling frames, of a ceramic
material composed of feldspar, rock crystal, china clay, and a flux.
2. The manufacture of rings for spinning and doubling frames, of the ceramic

page_text: material herein described, and then, after firing such rings, grinding, turning,
trueing, and polishing the same.
3. The manufacture of rings for spinning and doubling frames, of a ceramic
material formed of feldspar, rock crystal, china clay, and a flux, such for instance as
borax, in about the proportions stated.
4. The manufacture of rings for spinning and doubling frames, having the upper
part of such rings formed of the ceramic material herein described, and fitted into
a lower metal ring, substantially as shown and described with respect to Figures 3
and 4.
Dated this 23rd day of July 1891.
R. A. JOHNSON.
ROBERT BREWSTER.
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.