IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTATORY ENGINES AND PUMPS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Heinrich Gottfried Schramm, of 149, Rothenburgsort,
Hamburgh, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTATORY ENGINES
AND PUMPS"-Partly a communication from abroad by Edward Rosch,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said. Heinrich Gottfried
Schramm at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 6th December 1861.
I, HEINRICH GOTTFRIED SCHRAMM, of 149, Rothenburgsort, Hamburgh, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROTATORY
ENGINES AND PUMPS," to be as follows
This Invention has for its object improvements in rotatory engines and
pumps. For these purposes an outer cylinder is employed with two end
covers, suitably constructed to receive a shaft or axis through their centres, the
passage of the shaft or axis through the covers being made fluid-tight, as is
well understood. On the shaft or axis is fixed a cylinder suitably formed for
receiving. hinged pistons or valves at its periphery, and on the inner surfaces
of one or both covers of the main or outer cylinder, grooves or guides are
formed, to draw or move the hinged pistons or valves in towards the cylinder,
to which they are hinged, and to move them outwards against the inner surface
of the main or outer cylinder, as required, the valves or pistons being arranged

page_text: to move into and from recesses in the inner or rotating cylinder. Each valve
or piston is hinged or attached to the inner rotating cylinder at a distance
from the recess into and from which it is moved, a curved plate, perforated
with holes, being employed for this purpose; one end of the curved plate being
hinged to the rotating cylinder, whilst the other end of the plate projects
beyond and is fixed to and forms part of the valve or piston, and it is this end
of the curved plate which presses against the inner surface of the main cylinder,
in order to keep the valve or piston fluid-tight. The ends of the pistons or
valves work against the end covers of the inner cylinder. The curved plate,
when its piston or valve is within the recess of the rotating or inner cylinder,
fits in a recess formed in the surface of that cylinder, so that when that part
of the cylinder passes in contact with the stop or inner projection which is
interposed between the inlet and outlet passages, it acts as part of the surface
of the inner or rotating cylinder. When used for a rotatory pump, motion is
communicated to the shaft or axis, and the pump is furnished with an outlet
and an inlet pipe, the inlet pipe being in connection with a suction pipe, and
having a valve in it opening inwards. It is between the inlet and outlet
passages that the stop or projection before mentioned is applied within the
outer cylinder. When the engine is to be worked by steam or other fluid, so
as to give motion to the shaft or axis, then the steam or other fluid will enter
the inlet passage and pass away at the outlet passage.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Heinrich Gottfried Schramm in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 6th June 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM. THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HEINRICH
GOTTFRIED SCHRAMM, of 149, Rothenburgsort, Hamburg, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent. Maiesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Heinrich Gottfried Schramm, Her special licence that I, the said Heinrich
Gottfried Schramm, my executors; -administrators, and assigns; or such others
as I, the said Heinrich Gottfried Schramm, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should. at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord One.
thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Heinrich Gottfried Schramm, Her special licence that I, the said Heinrich
Gottfried Schramm, my executors, -administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Heinrich Gottfried Schramm, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should. at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great

page_text: Britain and Ireland, the 'Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN. ROTATORY ENGINES AND PUMP3," the result partly of a com-
munication from abroad made to me by Edward Rosch, resident at Lindenau,
in the Kingdom of Saxony, and partly of Invention and discovery made by
myself: upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said 'Heinrich
Gottfried Schramm, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my; or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly.
describe and ascertain the nature of the said invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the.
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Heinrich Gottfried Schramm, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in rotatory engines and
pumps. For these purposes an outer cylinder is employed with two end
covers, suitably constructed to receive a shaft or axis through their centres, the
passage of the shaft or axis through the covers being made fluid-tight, as is
well understood. On the shaft or axis is fixed a cylinder suitably formed for
receiving hinged pistons or valves at its periphery, and on the inner surfaces of
one or both covers of the main or outer cylinder grooves or guides are formed
to draw or move the hinged pistons or valves in towards the cylinder, to which
they are hinged, and to move them outwards against the inner surface of the
main or outer cylinder, as required, the valves or pistons being arranged to move
into and from recesses in the inner or rotating cylinder. Each valve or piston
is hinged or attached to the inner rotating cylinder at a distance from the
recess into and from which it is moved, a curved plate, perforated with holes,.
being employed for this purpose; one end of the curved plate being hinged to
the rotating cylinder, whilst the other end of the plate projects beyond and is.
fixed to and forms part of the valve or piston, and it is this end of the curved
plate, which presses against the inner surface of the main cylinder, in order to.
keep the valve or piston fluid-tight: The ends of the pistons or valves work
against the end covers of the main cylinder. The curved plate, when its
piston or valve is within the recess of the rotating or inner cylinder, fits in a
recess. formed in the surface of that cylinder, so that when that part of the
cylinder passes in contact with the stop or inner projection which is interposed
between, the inlet or outlet passages, it acts as part of the surface of the inner
or rotating cylinder. When used for a rotatory punip, motion is communicated.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure is a side view of a pump constructed according to the Invention.
In this view one of the end covers of the outer cylinder is removed. Figure 2
is a section of the pump taken through the dotted line r, r, Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a side elevation of the pump on a smaller scale, shewing a mode
of giving motion to the axis of the pump; Figure 4 is an end elevation of the
same. In cach of these Figures the same letters of reference refer to the
same parts.
a is the outer cylinder, provided with two end covers a', through the centres
of which the axis b passes, the covers being provided at their centres with
stulling boxes, as shewn at Figures 2 and 4; c is the cylinder, fixed on the
shaft or axis b, and which has recesses formed in its periphery to receive the
valves or pistons d; each valve or piston is connected to a curved plate d', one
end of which is hinged to the cylinder c, and the other end projects beyond
the valve or piston, and this end, when the valve is moved out from its recess
in the cylinder c. presses against the interior of the cylinder a, and forms a fluid-
tight joint; the ends of the valves d also work fluid-tight against the interior
of the end covers a¹. As the shaft or axis b is rotated, the pistons d are moved
into and out of their recesses by pins on the ends of the pistons entering
grooves or guides on the end covers of the cylinder a; these guides are
formed by two motal plates rivetted to each cover; on each pin is a piece d
which accurately fits the groove and prevents any water from passing. When
either of the pistons or valves d is within its recess in the cylinder c, the curved
plate to which it is attached is also received into a recess in the-circumference
of the cylinder, as shown, so that the exterior of the curved plate will form a
portion of or be level with the circumference of the cylinder c; c is the stop or
projection placed between the inlet passage and the outlet passage of the
pump; the circumference of the cylinder c works fluid-tight against this stop

page_text: In the inlet passage of the pump is a valve h, as shewn, opening inwards
towards the pump. Motion is communicated to the axis b by a toothed
wheel b upon it gearing into a toothed wheel 1, on the axis of which is a
fly wheel m, on which and on the toothed wheel crank handles are fixed, by
which the axis 1 can be rotated, and thus motion communicated to the axis b:
but in place of the axis being thus driven, it may have motion communicated
to it in any other suitable manner. When the axis b is caused to rotate in
the direction of the arrow shewn in Figure 1, each valve, as it is brought
round to the inlet opening, will be moved outwards, so as to rub against the
interior of the cylinder, and when it has passed the opening it will carry round
the water, the air, or whatever it may be pumping, to the delivery passage g,
and as the water is prevented from again passing round to the inlet passage f
by the cylinder working fluid-tight against the projection e, it will be forced
through the exit passage f; each valve, as by the rotation of the shaft it is
brought round to the projection e, is moved inwards by the guides ², so that
the curved plate d¹ to which it is attached is brought level with the circum-
ference of the cylinder, and its exterior surface will thus fit fluid-tight against
the projection e; each curved plate is perforated with a number of holes, as
shewn, so that any water between it and the cylinder c may pass away
freely.
I would now remark that I have only thought it necessary to shew a pump
constructed according to the Invention, as it is evident, that an engine to be
worked by steam or other fluid may be constructed in like manner, the steam
or other fluid being admitted at that which was before the outlet passage and
passing away at that which was before the inlet passage, thus causing the axis
to rotate.
In witness whereof, I, the said Heinrich Gottfried Schramm, lrave here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Second day of June, in the year of
Our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
HEINRICH GOTTFRIED SCHRAMM. (L.S.)