A MACHINE FOR MAKING BRICKS, AND MAKING AND COMPRESSING BRICKS, SQUARE PAVERS, FLOOR BRICKS, FLAT TILES, ORNAMENTAL BRICKS, &C. AT ONE OPERATION
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
HODSON, of No. 42, New King Street, in the Town and Borough of Kingston-
upon-Hull, Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Eighteenth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-four, in the seventh
year of Her reign, did give and grant unto me, the said William Hodson,
my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege
and authority, that I, the said William Hodson, my. exors, admors, and
assigns, and such others as I, the said William Hodson, my exors, admors,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term of years therein mentioned, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, the Dominion
of Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A MACHINE
FOR MAKING BRICKS, AND MAKING AND COMPRESSING BRICKS, SQUARE PAVERS,
FLOOR BRICKS, FLAT TILES, ORNAMENTAL BRICKS, &C. AT ONE OPERATION;" in
which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso, that I, the said
William Hodson, shall particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument

page_text: in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be enrolled in Her
said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as
by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in pursuance of the said proviso, I, the said William
Hodson, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, and the Drawing therein referred to, and to
to these Presents annexed.
.
My Invention relates to a machine and certain arrangements for making
bricks, and also to a machine and certain arrangements for making and com-
pressing bricks, pavers, and tiles.
The part of my Invention relating exclusively to the making of bricks, consists
of a mould, the four sides of which fall away so as to allow of the brick being
removed. This mould is shewn at Figure 4, the four sides, that is, the two sides
and the two ends of the mould being hinged or linked together, as there shewn.
The sides and ends of the mould are covered with moleskin, which is turned over
the
upper edge of each of the sides and ends, and protected by a piece of brass
beading, screwed on to the upper edge of each of the sides and ends, and levelled
off so as to come accurately together when the sides and ends are up and the
mould in use. This mould may be used on a common brick table or frame,
the sides and ends being brought together to receive the clay, and made to fall
to allow of the brick being removed by any suitable mechanical arrangements";
but the mode in which I use this falling mould is by placing it within a frame
or outer mould, similar to that shewn at Figure 2, and hereafter more.
particularly described, on a table, as shewn at the front corner of the table in
the Drawing, the mould being connected at a, a; Figure 4, with the treadles
under the table by rods passing through a hole g, Figure 2, Number 1, the
bottom of the outer mould, so as to admit of the mould being raised up and
down. In the Drawing the mould is shewn raised by one of the treadles,
Figure 13, the side, Figure 5, having fallen away. The brick, Figure 19, may
be removed by placing a pallet board; Figure 20, upon it, in the usual manner.
The brick having been removed, and the pressure of the foot taken off from
the treadle, the mould sinks, and the sides of the mould close up, by coming in
contact with the edges of the frame or outer mould, within which it is placed.
The sides of the mould having closed up, on its descent the clay is put in and
the brick is made on a pallet board, covered with moleskin, in the usual

page_text: manner, and the mould being raised by one of the treadles, the brick is
removed, as already described: Two or more treadles may be attached to the
table to suit the convenience of the workmen.
The part of my Invention which relates to the machine and arrangements
for making and compressing bricks, pavers, and tiles, is as follows:-Figurė 1
is a frame of iron, with moveable ends; into which the outer mould, employed in
the making and compressing of the brick, paver, and tile, is inserted. Figure 2
is one of the outer moulds, the projecting pieces a, b, c, sliding into the grooves
a, b, c, in Figure 1. This outer mould, Figure 2, is open at the ends so as to
allow of the moveable ends d, d, Figure 1, approaching each other in
compressing the brick, paver, or tile. The moveable end d, Figure 1, may be
replaced by one of a different depth and width through the slit e, Figure 2,
when required; also the mould, Figure 2, may be made of any required
depth by a plate inserted, as shewn at f, Figure 2, one of the moveable
ends of the frame, Figure 1, is shewn at Figure 3 having grooves h, h,
at different distances from the centre, according to the width of the brick,
paver, or tile, so as to hold the piece d, Figure 1, by which the com
pression is effected. This moveable end, Figure 3, is moved inward' by the
inclined end of the top pressing box, Figure 6, and carried out by springs
connected with 1, 1, Figure 3; shewn at i, i; Figure 1, and with k, k; Figure I,
inserted in boxes, Figure 15, on the table. Figure 6 is an outer or top pressing
box; and Figure 7 an inner pressing box. The mould in which the brick is
made consists of, a bottom and two sides hinged thereto; it is inserted within
the outer mould g, Figure 2, just described, the pieces d, d; Figure 1, attached
to the moveable ends of the outer mould, completing the mould: In this mould
the brick is made on a pallet board covered with moleskin; in the usual manner,
and then the back or bottom of Figure 7. is brought on the upper surface of
the brick, the top. pressing box, Figure 6,.resting by the springs 1, 1, Figure 6,
upon the tram plates-m, mi, Figure 7. The outer and inner pressing boxes are
connected together by the screws n, n, Figure 6, moving in the slots o, o,
Figure 7: The bottom of the pressing box, Figure 7, namely, that which is in
contact with the upper surface of the brick, as well as the sides and ends of the
mould, are, to be lined with moleskin, secured and protected at the top edges of
the sides and ends by brass beading, in the manner already described with
reference to Figure 4.
The making and compressing of the brick, paver, or tile takes place in the
following manner :-The clay having been put into the mould and the brick
made in the usual manner, the compressing apparatus, counterbalanced by the

page_text: weight, Figure 9, supported as shewn at Figure 8 and Figure 10, is brought
over the mould and pressed down by the lever, of which the fulcrum, the
friction roller Figure 17, the bottom of the inner pressing box comes first upon
the top of the clay in the mould, and then the sloping ends of the upper pressing
box cause the moveable ends (d, d, Figure 1) of the mould to approach each
other. The springs 1, 1, Figure 6, which act on the tram plates m, m, Figure 7, 5
are of sufficient strength to keep the internal pressing box from rising during
the compression of the clay. The Drawing shews the compression just
commencing, the pressing box not having been brought to its lowest point.
When the compression is complete, the lever is released and the apparatus
moved away and allowed to rest on the bar p, p. The moveable ends are 1
carried back by the springs in the boxes, Figure 15, and the mould being
raised by the treadle, the two sides fall away and the brick is removed, as
has been already described.
.
.
It is convenient to have the table arranged as shewn in the Drawing, so
that the compressing apparatus may be in use at one end while the mould is
being raised and the brick removed and other brick made at the other
end. The dimensions of the various parts will of course depend on the size
of the brick, paver, or tile required, but the arrangements of the parts are the
same in all cases. Figure 18 shews the inner and outer mould together
ready to be placed within the frame, Figure 1, which is firmly affixed to the s
table. The parts of the annexed Drawing not herein-before particularly.
described will be understood on an inspection of the Drawing.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not claim as of
my Invention or the exclusive use of moleskin in the manufacture of bricks,
pavers, and tiles, or the several and separate parts of the arrangements herein-
before described and referred to; but what I claim as my Invention is :-
First, the arrangements for making bricks by the mould with falling side's
and ends.
And, secondly, the arrangements for making and compressing bricks, pavers,
and tiles by a mould with falling sides and moveable ends, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Hodson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixteenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord 1844, the aforesaid William Hodson came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Seventeenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-four.