Improvements in or relating to Furnaces.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1895-Accepted, 15th June, 1885
Improvements in or relating to Furnaces.
We, THOMAS WILTON, Manager, and GEORGE WILTON, Chemist, both of the
Gas Light and Coke Company, Tar and Liquor Works, Beckton, in the County
of Essex, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
samo is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement.-
This invention relates to furnaces for steam boilers and other purposes of the
kind wherein no grate bars are used and the fuel is placed in a mass upon, about, or
over a perforated blast pipe or pipes disposed centrally at or about the base of the
furnace flue or hearth.
A disadvantage in such arrangements as hitherto carried into practice is that in
order to obtain a sufficient distance between the blast nozzles and the issuing
orifices of the blast pipe or pipes for effective vacuum and injection it has been
necessary to extend the blast pipe or pipes for some distance in front of the furnace
mouth and to place the nozzles thereat, and these extensions greatly impede the
work of the stoker; further so far as we know no provision has been made for the
due expansion and contraction of such blast pipe or pipes. Difficulties have also
arisen in regard to the dislodgement and removal of clinker formed during
combustion of the fuol.
The objects of our present improvements are to remedy all these working defects
in a simple and practical maunei and to obtain greater efficiency.
According to our invention we arrange the sections or injection lengths of the
blast pipes wherein the required vacuum is to be produced, at either side of the
central blast pipe, leading them into it at suitable points, and arranging the nozzles
snugly in the furnace front. Thus we dispense with the hitherto unavoidable and
inconvenient blast pipe extensions.
Also we make the main blast pipe or pipes of a number of separate sections
adapted to be assembled and firmly seemed together in position in any required
length so as to facilitate fitting to any length of furnace, and we make the
innost section adjacent to the fire-bridge with a closed tubular extension fitting
and passing into a corresponding socket built into the bridge forming an expansion
joint.
We also arrange the blast pipes or other blast conduits in such a manner as to
admit of the fixing of a sciow agitator and conveyor by which when required
clinker can be broken up and travelled backwards out of the furnace
°
We will fully describe our invention in reference to the accompanying drawing
in which
Fig. 118 a sectional plan of a boiler flue with our improvement applied; Fig. 2
Is a sectional elevation, partly on line Z-Z, of same,
Fig. 3 18 a front elovation of Fig. 2,
Fig. 4 n front elevation of one pipe section, and Fig. 4ª a plan thereof;
Fig. 5 18 a sectional plan showing arrangement with central screw conveyor and
blast pipes;
Fig. 618 a section on line 1
of io &

page_text: Figs and are cross sections showing alternative or modified arrangements of
the blast conduits hereinafter referred to; and
Fig. 10 is a plan of two sections put together.
Similar letters indicate similar parts in all the figures
We have indicated in Figs 1, 2, and 3 in dotted lines at furnace front the
usual arrangement of blast pipe nozzle extensions hereшabove referred to as
inconvenient.
B represents a duplex blast pipe, built up in a number of cast on sections bb
cach of the forin shown in Figs. 4 and 4 and of small width-say about 2 inches
and having vertical and diagonal orifices such as ooo for the blast, and a
houzontal hole o' at either side for the reception of holding through-bolts b. The
steam and air nozzles are shown at N in the furnace front on either side of the
pipe B, and the tubes T represent the side injection lengths wherein the required
VACUUM 18 established. They are about 24 inches long and of suitable area,
parallel or coned in the bore, and are in this arrangement curved and led into the
blast pipes B B at the sides at tr The perforated section 6° receiving these pipes
may with advantage he cast in one with the pipes T as illustrated, and the front
ends of the central pipes B are fitted with cleaning doors 6 in the furnace front
The rear closed. end of the pipes B is reduced as illustrated at R and adapted to
slide in the sleove or corresponding tube R' which is built into the fire bridge, thus
forming an expansion joint. At the frout end the space S immediately below the
fire door may be built solid as shown in Fig. 2.
lo Fig. we show au plan one at rangement above referied to for dislodging and
removing clinker. C is the sciew agitator and conveyor mounted in a casing C
Bituated between the blast pipes B B and extending the whole length of the
furnace, its shaft is mounted in suitable bearings and it is provided with a series
of blades c in such manner that by applying a temporary handle c¹ and turning
ɛame when required the clinket can be moved backwards and will fall out of the
front part C of the conveyor casing. This casing is constructed at its front
part C to sun round and entuely enclose the conveyor, and for the rest of its length
to surround only its lower pair, so that the upper part as shown in Fig. 7 is covered
by the fuel charge. The casing is cast with the blast pipes in sections bolted
together as above descubed, and as well as blast orifices on lateral air ways ga
are formed from pipes B to casing C¹ to keep the conveyor cool and assist
combustion. Side extensions such as ft to prevent deposits may if desired be
also cast on.
The conveyor has preferably. four sets of blades in the enclosed
part C³, and two or more sets in the open part C' of its casing, aud these latter
may with advantage be set and left in horizontal position as shown in Fig. 7 when
not in use.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figs 5 and 6 the separate side or injection
pipes T Tabovo described can owing to the intervening convey or be dispensed
with, and straight tubular or coned lengths TT on either side of the case C
leading direct into the blast pipes serve the purpose, no fiont extensions being
required. The blast pipes may in some cases be arranged above the conveyor so
that the adit of clinhei thereto will be laterally.
Instead of using tubular blast pipes as above referred to when employing a
conveyor, we may construct blast chambers as shown at D D, Figs. 8 and 9.
By this construction the sections can be cast separately as above described,
fitted to the flue and bolted together. Blast orifices and bolt holes are formed
as before, and the edges are bevelled or suitably formed to make a good fitting
Joint with the flue
Instead of or in addition to the blast orifices oo we may cast on the ends of
each section, preferably around the holt holes o', distance pieces such as b
Fig. 10, whereby windage spaces o' of are formed between the sections. In the
arrangement suitable provision is made for the due direction of the blast from the
pipes T to the spaces D.
We have above referred to duplex blast pipes and chambers cast in sectious, but

page_text: our invention is adaptable to the usual arrangement of separately cast blast pipes
or chambers if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of thus mven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim 18.-
1. In a furnace without a grate and having a blast pipe or pipes such as is above
referred to the arrangement of the side injection pipos T T having steam and air
nozzles at the furnace front in combination with the blast pipes B, substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
2. Constructing the blast pipe or pipos or chambers of a number of separate
short sections such as bbb assembled and bolted together substantially as set forth
for the purpose specified.
3. The sliding expansion Joint arrangement at the fire bridge or closed inner end
of the blast pipe or pipes as above set forth.
4. In a furnace such as 19 above referred to, the usa in combination with the
blast pipe pipes or chambers of a screw conveyor and casing therefor, arranged or
adapted to operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5. The several arrangements of blast pipes and conduits in combination with a
cential conveyor, substantially as described and illustrated respectively in Figs. 5,
te 7, und 2, 0, and 10
Dated this 9th day of May 1895.
For the Applicants,
J. C. CHAPMAN,
70, Chaucery Lane, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.