Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Dec., 1887
Complete Left, 3rd Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 9th Mar., 1888
I, LEOPOLD WACKS of 16 Darvill Road Stoke Newington London N. Ware-
houseman do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention is intended to provide a cheap and efficient substitute for coal.
It consists of a mixture in certain proportions of the following substances
viz :-
Coal dust, or crushed coke.
Clay.
Sawdust, or crushed wood.
Sand or Silica.
Saltpetre, solution of.
Tar, Creosote, or Crude Petroleum.
I do not confine myself to any precise formula in mixing the above, as the pro-
portions might be varied considerably according to whether the fuel is intended for
use in furnaces, or in an open fire, or for local use, or transport. Moreover when
preparing the fuel I use when necessary both heat and pressure in forming the fuel
into blocks, although in dry warm weather and when time is not an object I might
dispense with one or both of these accessories.
In districts where one or other of the substances is not to be had, I omit the said
substance and increase the relative proportions of some others of the substances
named. For example, if sawdust were scarce I might increase the quantity of coal-
dust, and vice versa.
Tin 1 day of December 1887
S. S. BROMHEAD,
97, Newgate Street, London, E.C.,
Patent Agent.

page_text: I, LEOPOLD WACKS, of 16 Darville Road, Stoke Newington, N. Warehouseman,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention is designed to provide a cheap and artificial substitute for coal.
It consists of a mixture of the following substances in nearly the proportions stated,
or thereabouts; viz.
Coaldust Pitslack or crushed Coke
Clay
Sawdust or crushed wood
Sand or Silica or asbestos
Saltpetre, solution of
Tar Creosote or Crude Petroleum
10 parts.
50
"
10
"
4
""
-
1
"
25 "
I do not however confine myself to this or any precise formula in mixing the
above, as the proportions might be varied considerably, according to the particular
use to which it is to be applied, as for instance whether it is to be burnt in an open fire or
in a close stove or furnace, or wliether it is intended for local use or to be transported
to a distance.
Moreover when preparing the said fuel into blocks suitable for consumption I
employ when found desirable, both heat and pressure although in dry warm weather
and when time is not an object I might dispense with one or both of these
accessories.
In districts where one or other of the substances named are not to be had I
omit the said substance, and increase the relative proportions of some others of the sub-
stances named. For example, if sawdust were scarce I might increase the quantity
of coaldust or coke and vice versa. Similarly the quantity of Tar, Creosote or
petroleum employed would depend partly on whether the sawdust or coaldust were
the chief ingredients.
By combining the materials before mentioned in suitable proportions and forming
them into convenient sized bricks or blocks, I obtain a cheap and efficient substitute
for coal for domestic fires or for use in stoves or furnaces, an artificial fuel being thus
produced of small cost which burns slowly but brightly and emits a considerable
amount of heat. For export to or use in warm countries my fuel may be dipped in
a solution of glue or size to prevent the escape of the combustible gases and to avoid
the danger of accidental ignition.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is,
1
An artificial coal or fral composed of the following ingredients
(1) Coaldust small coal or coke.
(2) Clay.
Sawdust or crushed wood.
Sand or silica or asbestos.
Solution of Saltpetre.
Tar, Creosote or Crude petroleum,