IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMPOSITION AND MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Rowbotham, of Putney, in the County of
Surrey, Physician, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMPOSITION
AND MANUFACTURE OF SOAP."
Sealed the 23rd November 1860, and dated the 31st May 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Rowbotham at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st May 1860.
I, SAMUEL ROWBOTHAM, of Putney, in the County of Surrey, Physician, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
COMPOSITION AND MANUFACTURE OF SOAP," to be as follows:-
Compound Farina Soap."-My Invention of improvements in the com-
position and manufacture of soap consists in taking any alkaline ley or solution.
of any caustic alkali or alkaline earth, as potash, soda, lime, &c., and mixing
it with the whole flour, or the starch of wheat, rice, or any other grain or
farinaceous substance until the whole is converted into a gelatinous mass.
This mass is then combined with a solution of alum or of sulphate, or any
other salts of alumina to which has been added soda, potash, ammonia, or any
other substance which will precipitate the alumina, and the whole again com-
bined with the ordinary soap of commerce, or with any soap made specially
for combining with it.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel Rowbotham in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
30th November 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
ROWBOTHAM, of Putney, in the County of Surrey, Physician, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and graut unto me, the said
Samuel Rowbotham, Her special licence that I, the said Samuel Rowbotham,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Samuel Rowbotham, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE COMPOSITION AND MANUFACTURE OF SOAP," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Samuel Rowbotham, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Rowbotham, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in manufacturing soap for ordinary purposes by
mixing certain ingredients not before employed in the manufacture of sucli
article.
In order to explain my said Invention as completely as possible, I now
proceed to describe the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the
same into practical effect, as follows:-I take any alkaline ley and mix it with
the flour of wheat, rice, potatoe, or any other farinaceous substance, until the
whole is converted into a transparent jelly; this jelly is then combined with a
solution of alum or of sulphate, or of any other salt of alumina, to which has
been previously added soda, potasb, ammonia, or any other substance which

page_text: will precipitate the alumina; the above mixture is then added to inelted
ordinary soap of commerce and well incorporated; or the above-named ingre-
dients may be combined in any other order or way than that above stated, as
may be found to be best in practice.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention for " Improve-
ments in the Composition and Manufacture of Soap," and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would remark, in conclusion, that I do
not confine or restrict myself to any proportions of the materials herein
mentioned, nor to any particular order or way of combining them, as such
may be varied according to the nature of the soap to be made or the purpose
for which it is intended; nor do I claim the combination of all the materials
at all times, as in some cases the jelly may be used with soap without the
alumina, or the alumina with soap without the jelly, either separately or
combined in any proportions as above stated. This may be done without in
any way departing from the principle of my Invention; but what I claim as
my Invention intended to be secured to me by the herein in part recited
Letters Patent is, the manufacture or composition of ingredients to make soap
in the manner herein described for the purpose set forth:
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Rowbotham, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight bundred and sixty.
SAMUEL ROWBOTHAM. (L.S.)
Witness,
ALEX. PRINCE,
Patent Agent,
4, Trafalgar Square, Charing Cross.