Improvements in the Construction of Ships and other Vessels.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 7th May, 1895-Accepted, 6th July, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Ships and other Vessels.
I, SINCLAIR STUART of Plaшheld in the County of Union and State of New
Jersey, United States of America, Engineer, du hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manue the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention is in part applicable to all ships and other decked vessels con-
structed of iron or steel, and it relates in part particularly to such vessels having
water ballast tanks. The object of my invention is to obtain great strength in
proportion to the weight of material employed.
I will fist describe my improvements in detail with reference to the accompanying
drawings, and afterwards point out its novelty in clains :-
Fig represents a transverse vertical section of parts of one side and of the
bottom of a vessel embodying my improvements,
Fig. 2 a transverse vertical sectional view representing parts of the side framing
and one of the dech beams and connected parts illustrating a modification of the
construction shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 represents a vertical section taken in the line 3, 3 of Fig. 1, showing the
interior of the side wall of the vessel;
Fig 4 a longitudinal section taken in the line 4, 4 of Figs. 1 and 3 i
Fig. 5 a horizontal section on the line 5, 5 of Figs. 1 and 3.
Figs. 6, 7, 8 represent views on a larger scale of certain parts of Fig. 1
The vessel represented in Fig. 1 has in its bottom a water ballast tank A. The
floor framing is represented as composed of longitudinal channels B, and intercostal
tiansverse channels B', which terminate at the lower tuin of the bilge The side
framing is composed of upright man frames C and D, of channel steel or iron,
longitudinal channel stringers E, and longitudinal channels F, G, O The upright
channel frames, or, as they are commouly termed, channels, are united respectively
with the floor channels by brackets J J ai ranged within the bilge under the
margin stinkes w of the tank top, and brackets JJ above the tank top, the said
brackets J, J, which conform to the bilge, being fastened to the floor channels B'
and to the margin strakes to, and the said brackets J J bemg fastened to the
margin stinkes 2, and to the nailower and wider upright chanuel frames C D, as
may be understood by reference to Fig. 8, where it may be seen that the
brackets J Jare rivetted at to the floor channels, and fastened to the margin w
by veted angle plates y and y*, and the brackets J J are riveted to their
espective channel frames CD, and fastened to the margin strakes w by riveted
angle plates z.
The upright channels Care like the upright frames of channel steel heretofore
used in the side framing of vessels, but those D are much wider than and may be
at least twice as wide as C, as may be understood by reference to Figs. 1, 4, and 5,
and project further inward from the outside plating a of the vessel, the webs of all
the said upright frames or channels being arranged transversely to the vessel
The said frames or channels CD are or may be all at equal distances apart, as
shown in Figs. 3, 4, 5, but the wider ones D, which I call "web frames," and which
constitute an important element of my improvement, are not so numerous, intervening
only at intervals between series of two or more of the ordinary or narrower
Channels C, as shown in Figs 4 and 5.

page_text: The longitudinal channel stingers E E, which may run continuously the whole
or any part of the length of the vessel without interruption, are represented as
arranged at some distance above the lower deck of the vessel. They are placed
with the backs of their webs against the inner flanges of the web_frames D, as
shown in Figs. 1 and 7, and then webs are riveted, ne shown at b in Figs 5 and 7,
to the inner flanges of said frames D Tho said longitudinal channels E are further
secured to the web frames D by upright angle clips c, which are riveted to the
said channels E and to the web frames D, as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. In Figs. 1 and 7
there are shown two of the continuous longitudinal channels E, arranged one above
the other so near together as only to leave room between them for the longitudmal
angle plates 1, which are intercostal to the frames C D, extending from one to
another, as shown in Fig. 5. The uner edges of these angle plates I are riveted,
as shown at din Figs. 1, 5 and 7, between the adjacent flanges of the longitudinal
channels E, and their outer flanges are veted to the plating a, as shown at e in
Figs. 1 and 7 The said plates are further secured to the upright frames C by
angle strips (see Figs 1, 3, 5, and 7), which extend all the way between the web
frumes D, and are riveted to the said plates 1, as shown at y, and to the inner
flanges of the frames C, as shown at h
The longitudinal channels F, which are represented as arranged between the
intermediate and upper decks, are of a width corresponding with that of the web
frames D, and have their webs arranged approximately horizontal They are of
a length to extend from one web frame D to the next one, and they are notched,
as shown at in Fig. 4, at the intervention of the web fiames C, in order that the
plating may be riveted, as shown at to Figs 1 and 6, to their outer Hanges.
They are fastened at the ends to the web frames D by means of angle clips k,
which are veted to them and to the said web frames, as may be understood by
reference to Fig 1, 4, and 6. The channels G, which are intercostal to the web
frames, aud of which there 18 one above and one below each of the channels F, are
placed with the backs of their webs against the inner flanges of the frames C, and
veted to said flanges as indicated at in Figs. 1 and 3.
KK are the deck beams of dhanuel steel riveted to the web frames D,
and further fastened to the said frames by brackets L, M. Directly upon the
beans K of the intermediate deck, close to the mer flanges of the web flames D,
are arranged continuous stringer plates N (see Figs 1 and 2), which may be
of any suitable width, and may run the whole or any portion of the length
of the vessel Even with these stranger plates N, there are arranged between the
adjacent web fiames D intercostal channel stingers O, which are notched where
the narrow on frames C intervene, in the same manner as the channels F, as shown
atm Fig. 4. These stringers are fastened at their ends to the web frames D
by angle chips n veted to the said channels and frames, as shown in Figs 1 and 2
Along the edges of the stungor plates N, which are close to the web trames D,
there are riveted angle bars p, which are also 11veted to the inner Hanges of the
Intercostal channels O. The uuer edges of the stunger plates N nie stillened
with augle stups qr, riveted to them above and below, and the angle stups r
below are fastened to the deck beams by iveted angle clips s.
The combination
t
of the web frames D, continuous stinger plates N, and intercostal stingers O, are
wheu of, and dispense with, quarter stanchions, and thereby obtain free open
cargo space for trimming cargo, coal etc, in bulk In a vessel having an inter-
mediate deck, as illustrated in Fig 1. the deck planking may be laid over the
stinger plates. but such plates may be used in vessels in which there is no
intermediate deck, as in the example shown in Fig 2, wherein channel beams K,
which take the place of deck beams, are used only as transveise braces to
the hull
PP are channel astringers, of which there may be any desired number, arranged
lengthwise of the vessel, above and below the deck beams of bracing beams K.
These stingers may run continuously through the whole or any portion of the
length of the vessel, except between the points at which the hatohways intervene,

page_text: where they will be interrupted, and terminate at the hatchway frame or conming u
When the deck planking is laid, as shown in Fig. 1, the channel stingers P,.
above the beams K, constitute water ways. Both the upper stringers P and the
under ones constitute ties between the beams. Between the upper and lower
stumgers PP, I place thrust braces Q oi Q' extending from one beam K to the
next one of the sonie deck or series The thrust brace Q in Fig. 1 is represented
as of channel form, and veted to the stingers P P', and that Q' in Fig 2 15
represented as of timber, and bolted to the ties P P by bolts v1unning through it
and the ties The said thrust braces Q Q', it will be understood, abut against the
beams Kat opposite points in front and reat thereof, and so form pinctically
continuous thrust braces
Laving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said mven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be porformed, I declare that what I
claim 19
―
1. The combination in a ship or other vessel of narrower upright channel
frames C, wider upright channel frames D interposed at intervals between the said
Baower channel fiames, and a continuous longitudinal chaunel E, riveted through
its web to the me flanges of said wider channel frames, substantially as herein.
described.
2. The combination in a ship or other vessel, of the narrower upright channel
frames C, the wider upright channel frames D interposed at intervals between the
said narrower channel names, the two continuous longitudinal channels E E
airauged one above the other, and riveted through their webs to the inner flanges
of said wide trames, the angle plates I interposed and riveted between the said
longitudinal channels E in the spaces between the uai rower channel frames C, and
the angle stipsarranged lengthwise between the said wider channel frames D,
and riveted to the inner flanges of the narrower channel frames C, substantially as
berem set forth.
3. The combination in a ship or other vessel of the narrower upught mam
frames C, of channel form, the wider upright main flames D, of channel form,
arranged at intervals between the said narrower frames C, the horizontal
channels F, corresponding in width with the said wide frames D, aanged
lengthwise,
intercostally between the latter, and notched for the reception of the
said nailowe frames C, the longitudinal channels G G arranged intercostally
between the frames D, above and below said horizontal channels F, and 11veted to
the latter channels and to the narrower fiames C, and the angle clips & fastening
the said chaunols F to the wider frames D, substantially as herein set forth.
4. The combination in a ship or other vessel, of the narrower upright channel
frames C, the wider upright channel frames D, interposed at intervals between the
said narrower channel frames, the transverse beams K fastened to said wider
channel frames, the horizontal channels O, corresponding in width with said wide!
channel frames, arranged lengthwise intercostally to the latter, and fastened
thereto, and the longitudinal stringer plates N fastened to said wider channel
frames D, to said beams K, and to said horizontal channels O, substantially as
herem set forth
5. The combination in a slup or other vessel, of transverse channel beans,
chauuel stringers at ranged lengthwise of the vessel through any part of the longth
thereof, directly above the said beams, and riveted through their webs to the latter,
and thust braces abutting between said beams below said stungers, and fastened
to said stingers, substantially as herein set forth.
6. The combination, in a ship or other vessel, of transverse channel beans,
chaunel tie stringers ailanged lengthwise of the vessel, through the whole or any
portion of the length thereof, above and below said beams, and fastened thei eto,
and thust braces interposed between said the stringers, and abutting between said
beams, substantially as herein set forth.
7 In an iron or steel vessel having a water-ballast bottom tank, the combination

page_text: of floor channels terminating at the lower turn of the bilge, narrower upright
channel frames C terminating above the tank at the upper turn of the bilge, wider
upright channel fraines D interposed at intervals between said narrowei channel
frames, brackets J J* conforming to the bilge and connected with the floor channels
and with the margin of the tank top, and brackets J J above the tank top,
connecting the maigin of said top with the said wider and narrone channɩĺ
frames C, D, 1espectively, substantially as herein set forth
Dated this 2nd day of Mar 1893
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.