IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES, AND IN ATTACHMENTS AND MARINATH BESTTII " PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Harrison, of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, and John Mabson, of Sheffield, in the County of York,
Sewing Machine Dealers, Factors, and Inventors, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES, AND IN ATTACHMENTS AND
MARINATH
BESTTII
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Harrison and
John Mabson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 29th April 1875.
We, WILLIAM HARRISON, of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, and JOHN MABSON, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Sewing
Machine Dealers, Factors, and Inventors, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES, AND IN
ATTACHMENTS AND APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of various improvements in sewing machines
and in. their attachments, chiefly with the object of facilitating and
A

page_text: simplifying the working of such machines and of producing a superior
or better class of goods.
We
These improvements are as follows:-In constructing a sewing
. machine on the principle of Harrison's European and other shuttle
machines we employ a double crank to a driving wheel, running from
right to left or left to right, or with a longitudinal motion.
attach an axle with a crank on one end and pass it through the driving
wheel in its centre, and then through the girder which bears the driving
wheel, and to the other end we fasten a disc with a screw, and on this
disc at or near right angles to the crank a pin at a proper distance from
the centre is firmly secured and forms the other crank; to these cranks
we attach connecting rods or pitmen in the usual way, one passing to
the outside of the driving wheel, and the other to the inside of the girder,
with a bend to pass the pitman to the outside of the guard, and between
it and the driving wheel; these pitmen are then connected with the
treadles in the usual way, but to give clearance for one treadle to pass
the other we curve the end of the treadles so that one shall work within
the other.
We construct a combined steady pin and castor as follows:-To the
standard of the machine through which the treadle shaft passes and is
secured we attach a pawl, which plays loosely on a pin, and on the
treadle shaft at each end near the standards we secure a frame by a pin
to swing loosely on the shaft, and at the lower end of the frame is the
castor, and about the middle a hole is tapped, and through it is screwed
a steady pin to prevent the frame from rising when either the castor or
the steady pin are brought into use; we tooth the upper part of the said
frame so that the pawl engages with the teeth and prevents the frame
rising back.
:
We construct a modification of the above as follows:-To the foot of
the standard we attach a frame, which is made to swing from right to
left, and on one side is the steady pin, and the other the castor; the
frame is toothed on both sides, each side having the teeth to point
inwards so as to engage with a pawl constructed with one end to fall as
may be desired to prevent the castor rising back, and the other the
steady pin.
We construct a standard with a steady pin as follows:-On the leg
of the standard we cast a boss, which we lap, and in it screw the
steady pin.

page_text: For the purpose of producing the herring-bone stitch we adopt the
following arrangement:-We connect a rod with suitable bends in it to
the needle bar, and to the bracket head of the machine a frame sup-
porting a ratchet wheel and a cam, which ratchet wheel and cam are
caused to make a quarter revolution at each uplift of the needle bar by
the rod connected to it engaging with the ratchet wheel; at one-quarter
revolution of the cam it presses against the lower end of the needle bar,
which is jointed, and thus forces it from its normal position, so that the
stitch is not made in the same line, but is carried in a zig-zag course at
the next quarter revolution, the pressure of the cam being removed.
The lower end of the needle bar is returned to its normal position by a
spring, and thus is produced what is called the herring-bone stitch. A
pawl prevents the ratchet wheel from making a backward movement.
We construct a top side embroiderer as follows:-To the needle bar we
connect a rod, which is bent to give clearance, and at the lower end is
jointed a forked lever with a pawl, which engages with a ratchet wheel
supported by an axle, to which both it and a cam are firmly secured,
the said axle being supported by a bracket to the front head of the
machine, to which also are attached pendants or vibrating thread guides
jointed at the upper end with a spring or elastic band to draw them
together. These pendants are hung so that at one-quarter revolution
they are in their normal position, when their lower ends having a certain
twist in them cross one another, but at the next revolution the cam
pressing with one end against one pendant and the other end against the
other pendant the said pendants no longer cross each other, but are
thrown open, and thus the crossing and recrossing of the embroidery
threads is effected, and at each crossing and recrossing is secured by the
ordinary stitch of the machine, the point of the threads being carried by
the feed under the needle's point. We joint the pendants below the
ratchet wheel and cam and have angular projections at the front head
of the machine for the pendants to pass over at each stitch, the vibrating
thread guides are thus thrown at each successive stitch to the back of
the needle's point, and thus ensure a perfect stitch, the angular pro-
jections drawing back the pendants so as to clear the needle.
We construct another top side embroiderer as follows:-To the needle
bar we attach a slotted lever which is jointed by a pin to an upright
bar firmly secured to the bracket of the machine, and to the said lever
we put a link connected to another lever slotted at the opposite end
A

page_text: through and in which moves a pin firmly secured to a sliding bar which is
slotted at the upper end, and has two steady pins firmly secured to a plate
fastened by screws to the head of the machine passing through it to give
a perpendicular motion to the said sliding bar; this sliding bar is jointed
below the slot and has a forked extremity carrying two cross bars; as
the needle bar descends these bars engage with a ratchet wheel supported
by and fastened to an axle firmly secured to a plate by brackets; to each
end of the said axle outside the brackets a disc with a pin is firmly
fastened, and to the pin a connecting rod is jointed at one end and at
the other to a frame supported on a shelf fastened to the under part of
the bracket head; the said frame has three arms, the two outer ones
having a rack on their inner sides to engage in pinions carrying
vibrating thread guides, and the middle one with a rack on both sides to
engage in pinions also carrying vibrating thread guides; two of these
said pinions are placed one above the other on the shelf with pins up
their centres and a division between them. Two other pinions are also
arranged in the same manner at a certain distance to allow the centre
arm to engage with two pinions on their inner side, and at the same
time the two other arms cach carrying one rack to engage with the two
other pinions on their outer sides, so that as the needle arm makes one
up-and-down stroke the ratchet wheel and the two discs on the same
axle are caused by the two rods in the slide bar fork to make a half
revolution; at one-half revolution of the discs, the rack frame will be
moved outwards by the connecting rods and inwards by the next
revolution of one-half, and the vibrating thread guides of the pinions
will be that as the two uppermost open, the under ones will close and
cross each other, and at each crossing and recrossing by the backwards
and forwards movement of the rack frame the embroidery threads will
be stitched to the fabric under operation. By this arrangement of the
rack and pinion movement a certainty of crossing the threads beyond
the needles point is obtained.
We construct another top side embroiderer with the same rack and
pinion arrangement, but with a different mode of actuating it which is
as follows: To the needle bar is a bent connecting rod with a lever
which has a curved slot, and running in this slot is a pin jointed to a
lever at one end, and at the other running in a slot in the plate fastened to
the front head of the machine bracket; as the needle bar is caused to
descend the slotted lever carries down with it the pin and the
lever to which it is jointed, and this said lever being jointed to a toothed

page_text: disc turning in the plate causes it to make a half circle at the down
stroke, also a half circle at the up stroke of the needle bar, or a
complete revolution to each up-and-down stroke of the needle bar,
springs being so arranged as to catch angular projections of the lever
connected with the toothed disc and carry it past the dead centre, and
thus keep up a rotary movement; to this said disc is geared another
disc of twice the circumference of the one jointed to the lever, so that as
this latter makes one revolution the former makes only a half revolution;
to the large disc is a band fastened to a pin at a certain distance from
its centre; as the disc makes one half revolution the band is drawn
upwards, and being connected through loops with the rack frame this
is drawn back and the pinions actuated, two being drawn outwards and
two inwards, and at the next half revolution vice versa, thus causing
the vibrating thread guides to cross cach other with the threads at one
rise and fall of the needle bar, and at the next to recross the threads
which are secured to the fabric being operated upon in the usual
way.
We construct another top side embroiderer with the same rack and
pinion arrangement, but with another mode of actuating it, which is as
follows: To the needle bar is a connecting rod jointed at the upper end
and at the lower to two bars opening in opposite directions with their
ends jointed to two other bars, which turn inwards, and have a pin
passing through them loosely, and firmly secured to a frame, which frame
steadied by pins has a vertical up-and-down motion transmitted to it by
the needle bar. To this said frame on one side is a pawl and spring,
arranged to give on the downward stroke of the needle bar a quarter
revolution to a ratchet wheel, and on the other side is a pawl and spring,
arranged to give on the up stroke of the needle bar a quarter revolution
also to the ratchet wheel, thus producing at one up-and-down stroke of
the needle bar a half revolution of the ratchet wheel. To this ratchet
wheel, which turns on a pin firmly secured to the bracket of the machine,
is a pin at a suitable distance from its centre, and to this said pin a cord
is connected at one end, and at the other to the rack frame already
described, and producing the same movements of the rack and pinions
and thread guides.
We construct another top side embroiderer by which we produce a
different and new style of embroidery stitch, which we claim as an
article of manufacture, the said construction being as follows:-To the

page_text: needle bar we have a bent rod jointed, and at the other end of the rod is
jointed a forked lever supported by an axle turning in a bracket at one
end and at the other in the plate fastened to the bracket head of the
machine. On this axle, within the forked lever, is a ratchet wheel firmly
secured, and on the same axle, outside the bracket, is also firmly secured
a disc with a pin away from the centre, and to this pin is a lever with
two curved slots turning one towards the other at the lower end, but one
slot has its upper extremity above the upper extremity of the other, and
its lower extremity below the lower extremity of the other. Within
these slots, jointed loosely to a shelf fastened firmly to the bracket head
of the machine, are the vibrating thread guides. As the needle bar
makes a down-and-up stroke the ratchet wheel and disc make a quarter
revolution and lower the double-slotted lever one half its distance and
open the vibrating thread guides, and at the next quarter revolution
lower the slotted lever the other half its distance, but the vibrating
thread guide which moved in the longer slot and was beneath at the last
crossing is now uppermost; thus at every second stitch the threads which
were uppermost are carried to the under side, and next vice versa, thus
producing a different effect to that hitherto obtained by a top side
embroiderer.
We construct a top feed as follows:-To the upper end of the needle
bar we joint a lever at one end and at the other to a pin passing through
it, and an antifriction wheel to a rod jointed to the cloth presser bar. As
this needle bar descends the wheel connected by the lever to the bar is
caused to move backward, the wheel which raises the rod jointed to the
cloth presser causing the latter to rise simultaneously, when a spring
throws forward the feed foot, which as soon as the needle is raised out of
the cloth is carried backwards by a slotted lever jointed to the needle bar
at its lowest extremity, and swinging on a pin fixed firmly to a bracket
secured to the head of the machine, the said pin forming the fulcrum
and the other end of the lever by its descent pressing against the cloth
presser bar causes it to move backwards, and the cloth or fabric along
with it. We shorten or lengthen the stitch by a screw which gives more
or less play to the feed; this screw passes through a tapped bracket
secured firmly to the head of the machine, and above it on the head of
the machine is a scale, which indicates the length of stitch on.
We construct an under feed as follows to an arm machine:-Under
the cloth presser is a roughened or toothed bar jointed on the outer edge

page_text: of the top side of the arm to an elbow which passes down the back side
of the arm and along the under side, and is jointed to the inner under
edge of the arm; to the back side of the arm a lever with a long slot
extending the length of the throw of the shuttle race rod is loosely
pinned, and in this slot runs a pin firmly fastened to a bar connected
with the shuttle race rod, which pin as it slides to the end of the slot
one way lifts the lever and with it the feed, and before the lever allows
the feed to return to its normal position another lever jointed to the
shuttle race rod forces the feed back by pushing against the elbow, and
with it the cloth or fabric being stitched. To regulate the length of the
stitch a screw is bracketed to the rod or passes through a boss upon it
and tips forward the throwing lever so as to produce a long or short
stitch, the more it is tipped forward the less the stitch, and vice versa.;
a spring which readily yields to allow the lever to return without
moving the feed keeps the lever in its normal position. There is a spring
presser on the elbow of the feed to return it to its normal position,
which spring is firmly fastened to the arm of the machine. When
using the under feed in conjunction with the top feed no alteration is
made to the foot, but when it is desirable for the top feed to remain
stationary we slide a shoe on the foot, the under part of which is smooth
and of a suitable bend for the passage of the work.
We construct another under feed as follows for an arm machine :-
Under the cloth presser is a roughened or toothed bar with an elbow
jointed to a curved bar or arm firmly secured to the under and inner
side of the arm, the joint being somewhat below the arm; a lever is
loosely pinned to the arm at its extremity. As the shuttle carrier con-
necting rod is thrown forward it carries a screw with a cap at the end
of it, and this cap striking against a projection on the lever forces the
lever against the elbow of the feed and raises it into the work, and
simultaneously carries the feed and the fabric being operated upon the
required distance for the next stitch to be made. A spring firmly
fastened to the arm of the machine returns the feed to its normal
position. To shorten or lengthen the stitch the screw with the cap upon
it passes through a boss on the shuttle carrier connecting rod, and as it
is screwed one way it shortens the throw and the stitch, and vice versa
when screwed the other.
We construct an adjustable cloth presser for a Wheeler & Wilson's
machine as follows:_The head of the boss of the cloth presser arm is

page_text: threaded, and a slit cut across the piston with a spiral spring around it
comes up through the boss in the usual way. On this spiral spring we
place a ring with two projections which run in the slit and beyond it, a
nut is then screwed down upon the threaded part of the boss and on the
said projections, and by this means a greater or lesser pressure is put
upon the cloth presser foot without having the adjustable nut raised to
an undue height as in other methods that now obtain.
We construct a cloth presser arm for a Wheeler and Wilson's machine
as follows:-We make the boss of the arm movable by having a projec-
tion on the boss which is made to clasp the arm of the machine by a
bolt through the arm into a slot or notch in the said projection, and is
secured in its position by a winged nut; a steady pin fixed firmly to the
arm and in the slot prevents the boss from rocking. This movable boss
is convenient for running a braid or hem into the desired position for
the needle to stitch, and is also convenient for removal to get at the
machine when cleaning, and for threading the upper part of the boss in
manufacturing.
When a Wheeler and Wilson's machine is driven by a portable treadle,
as will be found explained in Mabson's Patent of the 27th December,
1871, we construct a bracket which we fasten firmly to the machine
and under that part of the shaft bearing the driving pulley in order to
support it that the pulley may run truly and the shaft not become bent.
We also construct the curved arm that carries the driving or fly wheel
with a screw to pass through a hole tapped in it, which screw has a
button at the end of it to press against the side of the table and thus
prevent the machine from rocking when being worked.
We construct a new cloth presser as follows:-The cloth presser foot
is so arranged that the heel is reversed and the foot has an opening or
notch for the needle to pass down through the fabric at the opposite end
of the foot or toe part, and this foot has a curved or bowed arm fastened
in the ordinary way by means of a set screw to the cloth presser piston;
the object for having this curved arm is to allow a braid or trimming to
pass freely along without any drag being put upon it, and also to allow
certain attachments to be fastened to the heel of the foot instead of as
formerly to the toe to facilitate the management of some descriptions of
work, and also to cheapen the cost of production or manufacture. We
construct a combined binder or trimmer, quilting guage, and creaser,
which we fasten to the heel of the foot as the frame on which we place

page_text: foot slides movable to the various widths for quilting, also to guide
various widths of trimming, has one slot through which the screw passes
to secure it to the presser foot in any required position for the three
purposes designed, this said slot being in a horizontal position in that
part of the frame through which the trimming passes, and which is bent
at right angles; to the lower part is a slot also, but in a vertical position
as regards its width; through this slot the trimming glides along over
the presser foot and meeting with no resistance, as in the ordinary
trimmers which conduct the braid, tape, or ribbon, or other strips of
fabric under the cloth presser foot, by which some resistance is of
necessity offered both by the trimmer and presser foot and the work.
more or less puckered and spoiled; the said trimming is put on quite
evenly, being guided by the foot slides, as required; for stitching on for
quilting the foot slides are movable on the frame to space the lines of
stitching, two or more of which may be used when needed for varying
widths. To this said frame at its angles is jointed another frame which
has a rocking motion communicated to it by a connecting rod pinned
loosely to the needle arm or bar of the machine, and having the rod of
the upper part of the said frame to pass through it and also through a
slitted striker which is movable on a lower rod or bar forming part of
the frame, and is secured by a screw, as may be required; to the tucking
guage in the usual manner is a slide with a lip at the end, on this lip
when tucking the slitted striker presses the cloth and so creases it at
cach descent of the needle by the rocking frame rising from the cloth
when it is being fed along.
We construct a new corder for this curved arm cloth presser as
follows: A small plate is fastened by a screw to the heel of the foot,
and is bent over the heel and the off side of the foot, on both of which is
a tube to conduct the cord with one side near the point of the needle on
its descent; in this case the cloth presser foot has the cloth to be laid
on running over at the same time that the cloth to which it is to be
stitched passes under it, while the end is being conducted between the
two and the cording thus performed; in this manner the cording can be
done with greater case and despatch, while the cost of manufacturing
the corder is reduced to a minimum.
We construct a new hemmer as follows:-We fasten to the heel of
the cloth presser foot the hemmer with its convolution turned inwards
and over it, thus reducing the cost of manufacture to a minimum.

page_text: We construct a new friller and gatherer as follows:-We fasten to the
heel of the cloth presser foot one end of a curved spring to a suitable
distance with a blade resting on the presser foot, and a screw to raise the
blade passing through the curved arm so as to increase and decrease the
pressure of the blade; in frilling and gathering by this means the cloth
to be gathered is passed under the presser foot and the stitch lengthened
to suit the gathering. A tape, ribbon, or strip of cloth to which the
fabric gathered is to be stitched passes along under the blade on the
cloth presser and between the two; by the pressure of this blade on the
tape or strip these are held back while the feed moves along and gathers
the fabric passing under the presser foot to its utmost, and then draws
the tape or strip of cloth along to be stitched at the next descent of the
needle this contrivance for frilling and gathering is thus reduced to a
minimum in the cost of manufacture, and is readily taken from and
attached to the machine.
For braiding and embroidering we construct a cloth presser foot and
stem of crystal, the stem is fastened to the cloth presser bar by a set
screw in the ordinary way by having the presser foot and stem all of
crystal; the tracings on the fabric may be clearly scen and brought
with more certainty to the needles' point, thus enabling the operator to
produce better work and with greater facility.
We construct an oil bottle as follows:-We make the reservoir for the
reception of the oil of a cylindrical shape with a rim round the top,
threaded on the inner side; to this rim is screwed the cover with a
spout. When the cover is screwed home the rim is above it, and thus
retains any oil that may trickle down the spout after use. The advantage
of having the oil reservoir cylindrical is that a hole bored in the table
within the platform for its reception will lower the bottle, and thus
allow the platform lid to close. The hole where there is no platform
may be bored in any part of the table that is convenient, and thus keep
the bottle in its place ready for use.
We construct a tuck creaser as follows for a Wheeler machine :-To
the needle arm is a bar movable in a slot, and fastened by a screw. To
this bar is jointed a rod, which rod is also jointed at the lower end to a
lever fastened to the tucking gauge, at the other end by a pin, on which
it swings and has its fulcrum. Passing underneath this lever is a slide,
with a lip at its extremity, and to the said slide is a spring secured firmly

page_text: to the back of the slide with an inverted V shaped striker, between
which and the lip on the slide the cloth to be creased has to pass. By
this arrangement the striker on the descent of the needle arm is brought
down on the lip almost noiselessly, and with less destructive force to
itself and to fine muslins being creased, which are liable to have their
strands broken.
For the purpose of raising the top feed of a Harrison's European,
or other shuttle machine, we cast a boss on the bracket of the machine
at a suitable place, and through the boss passes a screw connected with
the bracket, on which the lever for lifting the cloth presser finds its
fulcrum. To the other end of the screw is a nut, which on being turned
one way and pressing on the boss causes the lever to be raised, and no
other way, vice versa. The back side of the bracket has a' slot cut in it
to allow the lever bracket to be raised or lowered. By this arrangement
the lever can be more readily raised, and time saved, than by the one
presently in use; the height, too, to which it is raised being clearly
shewn by the rise of the screw.
We construct a cloth cutting machine, as combined with or made an
attachment to a sewing machine, as will be found explained in the
Specification of Mabson's Patent of the 9th June 1869, No. 1777; and
in his Specification of December 27th 1871, No. 3495, will be found
explained a cloth cutting machine as worked by a portable treadle, which
is used also to work a sewing machine. The mode of construction is as
follows: A base plate with screw holes is firmly fastened inside a
.platform. To this plate is cast the base or upright, through which an
axle passes, and into this upright is screwed a shaft. A pulley on each
side the upright is secured to the axle, and near the periphery of cach
pulley is a pin, to which is jointed the upright of the saw or cutter
frame. The upper part of the said uprights have a bolt pass through
them, and through a slit cut down the shaft. The cutter jaws with the
cutter are attached to a suitable part of the frame. A band from the
under part of the platform passes over the pulley, or there may be bands
to work both pulleys; these pass over the driving wheel below. Motion
is then by means of an ordinary treadle transmitted to the wheel,
pulleys, and frame to give the requisite up-and-down movement.
.
To keep the cutter taut a curved spring or spiral, as explained in
Mabson's Specification, December 27th, 1871, No. 3495, is employed.

page_text: We construct another method or attachment for keeping the cutter
taut when a rod is suspended from a ceiling. Instead of a spiral spring
we employ weights and a cord passing over a pulley fastened to the
rod, and to the other end sliding on the said rod is a frame to which
the upper jaws are swung; by lessening the number of weights the
power requisite to drive the machine is diminished for light work;
and by increasing the number of weights we obtain power to draw
back the cutter through thick work, as 10 dozen cuffs or collars would
put more friction on the cutter than 1 dozen. We construct also a nut
and put a thread on the rod, and to the nut secure the frame, or have
it to run the frame carrying the spiral; by this means we are able
to adjust the power of the spring for light or heavy work.
To work this cutting machine by the portable treadle to one pulley
revolving by the base we secure a shaft cranked to the pulley or disc,
and to the other end of this shaft, we secure a pulley, and pass a band 1
over it, and the driving wheel of the treadle instead of having a slit
in the shaft which is to steady the frame a steady pin with a ring
sliding on both the shaft and the pin and connected to the frame may
be employed.
We construct a table for the portable treadle sewing and cloth cutting
machine as follows:-For the convenience of those who wish to have a
table in which the sewing and cloth cutting machines may be readily
put out of the way and the table be brought into general use, at
one end of the table we put a movable door, and at a suitable distance
from this door we put a partition properly secured, and we place shelves
for the reception of one or both machines in this under division of the
table.
We construct another cloth cutting machine as follows:-A base
plate with screw holes is firmly fastened inside a platform; to this
plate at each extremity is cast a base or upright; into each of these
uprights is screwed a round vertical shaft, and through the uprights
is a shaft placed horizontally, and to this said shaft at each end is firmly
secured a pulley, and on the outer face a pin away from the centre
on which the connecting rod is jointed at the lower extremity, and the
upper extremity to the upper rings connected with the saw frame which
is on the inner side of each shaft, and which is connected to another
ring lower down each shaft. This saw frame has rods stretching hori-

page_text: zontally, one at each extremity of its vertical bars, and the cutter jaws
swing one on the upper and the other on the lower rod, and are
movable from side to side. To the upper jaws are springs which
grip the rod and so hold the cutter at any requisite part of the said rod;
this said rod may be roughened or cut if desirable. The cutter is
secured to the upper and lower jaws, and the manner in which the
cutting is performed is as follows:-The driving wheel or wheels have
a band or bands which pass over one or both pulleys of the machine;.
the treadle sets this driving wheel in motion, which motion is, by the
band or bands, transmitted to the pulleys with the pins away from
the centre, and which may be movable in a slide, or by transfer to
other parts of the pulley by a screw, and by the said pins to the rods
connected with the saw frame, and thus the up-and-down motion of the
saw or cutter is produced without springs and a straight cut obtained.
The upright shafts on which the saw frame slides are girded together at
the top to keep them steady. In the platform underneath the rod where
the upper jaws swing and in a line with it are slides which are
removable to allow the cutter to be moved from side to side. This
machine may be actuated by the portable treadle with one band only.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Harrison and John Mabson in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 29th October 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
HARRISON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, and JOHN
5 MABSON, of Sheffield, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
0 cessors, give and grant unto the said William Harrison and John
Mabson, Her special licence, that we, the said William Harrison and
John Mabson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said William Harrison and John Mabson, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no

page_text: others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed should and lawfully might make, usc, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SEWING MACHINES, AND IN EMBROIDERING, CLOTH CUTTING, AND OTHER ATTACH-
MENTS FOR THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the
said William Harrison and John Mabson, our executors or administra-
tors, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Harrison and John
Mabson, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
This Invention consists of various improvements in sewing machines
and in their attachments, chiefly with the object of facilitating and
simplifying the working of such machines, and of producing a superior
or better class of goods.
These improvements are as follows :-
Figure 1 represents a sewing machine stand; 1, 1, is the table; 2, 2,
the uprights or standards; 3, the driving wheel; 4, the girder; 5, 5,
the treadles; 6, the treadle shaft; 7 and 8 the pitmen or connecting
rods. The improvement in this stand consists in adapting the double
crank to the driving wheel with a longitudinal motion, or running from
right to left or left to right, and is as follows:-The axle with a crank
on one end is passed through the driving wheel 3 in its centre and
through the girder 4; and to the other end of the axle a disc, with a
pin set at right angles to the crank, is secured by a screw in order to
operate the driving wheel, the treadle of the left foot is curved inwards
or towards the right treadle foot, and the treadle of the right foot is
curved inwards also, the curve of one treadle being within the other to
work the pitman nearest the operator; this said pitman has a bend in
it so that it may work between the driving wheel and the guard, and
thus be clear of the dress of the operator.

page_text: Figure 2 represents a castor and steady pin combined; 2 is the
standard or upright of the machine; 6, the treadle shaft; 3, the castor;
4, the steady pin; and 5, the ratchet frame, which holds the castor and
the steady pin, and is put on the treadle shaft to bring the castor or
castors into play; the side of the machine to which they are placed is
raised when the castors fall below the uprights, and are held firmly by
the paul 1 dropping into the ratchet; the machine can then be wheeled
from place to place; by the raising of the pauls the machine is allowed
to rest upon the standards; the steady pin 4 is used when the floor is
uneven to prevent the rocking of the machine, it is screwed downwards
to the floor, while the frame through which it passes is held firmly by
the paul.
Figure 4 represents a modification of the combined castor and steady
pin, in which 2 is the standard; 3, the castors; 4, the steady pin; and
5, the castor frame pinned to the standard, and through which the steady
pin passes, the said pin being screwed through a boss tapped on the
standard; 7 is the paul, which falls into the ratchet of frame 5 one
way when the castors are brought to the floor, and the reverse for the
steady pins.
Figure 3 represents a steady pin only; 2 is a boss cast on the standard,
and is tapped to receive the steady pin 4, which is screwed down to
prevent the rocking of the machine on an uneven floor.
"
Figure 5 represents a contrivance for producing the herring bone
stitch; 1 is the head of the bracket of the machine; 2, 2, the needle
bar; 3, the lever for actuating the ratchet wheel 4 and the cam 6; 7 is
the bracket fastened to the head of the machine to support the shaft
bearing the ratchet wheel and the cam; 5 is the paul to stop the back-
ward movement of the ratchet wheel and cam; to produce the herring
bone stitch the lever 3 causes the ratchet 4 to make a quarter revolu-
tion, also the cam 6, so that when the latter has the broad side turned
outwards from the bracket 7 it presses against the needle bar 2, which
swings on a pin and causes it to throw the needle to the right, so that
on its descent it makes the stitch at an angle to the previous one; at the
next quarter revolution of the ratchet wheel the pressure of the cam is
removed from the needle bar, which is returned to its normal position
by a spring, and thus as the work is moved along by the feed each.
alternate stitch is made at an angle to the former one, and the herring
bone stitch produced.

page_text: Figure 6 represents a contrivance for producing the top side em-
broidering stitch. 1 is the head of the bracket; 2, the needle bar;
3, the lever, which by means of a paul 6 actuates the ratchet wheel 4,
to which is pinned a cam; 5 is a paul to stop the return of the ratchet
wheel; and 7 the bracket, which supports the shaft bearing the ratchet
wheel and the cam; 8, 8, are the vibrating thread guides with the lower
extremities so twisted that when closed they cross each other. To
produce the embroidering stitch the lever 3 causes the ratchet wheel
and cam to make a quarter revolution. At the rising of the needle
bar 2 at one quarter revolution the vibrating thread guides are thrown
open by the cam, and the embroidering threads caused to cross each
other, and at the next quarter revolution they are closed by a spring or
elastic band, when the embroidering threads recross each other, and are
at each crossing and recrossing secured to the fabric, being embroidered
by the ordinary stitch of the machine, the feed of the machine advancing
the fabric so that the point formed by the embroidering threads comes
under the needle.
Figure 7 represents another contrivance for forming a top side
embroidering stitch. 1 is the head of the bracket; 2, 2, a plate fastened
to the head by screws; 3, 3, is a sliding bar jointed in the middle with a
slot in the upper part for two pins to pass through to guide it and keep
it in its place; 4 is the needle bar; 5, 5, 5, are levers, the upper and
lower ones being slotted and connected together by the middle one, the
uppermost one being jointed to the rod 6, which is firmly secured to
the bracket. The object of this lever arrangement is to shorten the
throw of the sliding bar 3, 3, and prevent a sudden concussion of the
bars, which are shewn at 9, Figure 7. In passing over the ratchet
wheel at each descent of the needle bar the lower part of the sliding
bar is forked; inside the fork the ratchet wheel 8 is secured to a bolt,
which passes through it and two small brackets, and is held in its
position by the discs 7, 7.
Figures 7 & 7-To the discs 7, 7, are pins, to which are rods,
shewn at 11, in Figure 8, for actuating the frame 11, in Figure 11, with
the racks that work the pinions 12, and so open and close and cross and
recross the vibrating thread guides 13, 13, 13, and 13. The manner in
which the embroidering stitch is formed is as follows:-The needle
bar 4 on its descent bears with it the levers 5, 5, 5, the sliding bar 3, 3,
with its forked extremity, in which are two bars 9, Figure 7; these bars

page_text: '
pass over the ratchet wheel 8, for which purpose the sliding bar 3, 3, is
jointed at or near the middle the needle bar 4, on reascending carries the
sliding bar 3, 3, with its forked extremity, when the bars 9, 9, engage
with the ratchet wheel 8, and cause it to make a half revolution, as also
the discs 7, 7, with the pins placed from the centres, and thus at one half
revolution throw the rods 11, 11, Figure 8, backwards, and at the next
forwards, and thus slide the frame 11, Figure 11, with rack levers to and
fro, and give motion to the pinions 12, 12, and the vibrating thread
guides 13, 13, 13, 13, fastened firmly to the pinions. As the rack
frame is drawn backwards the upper thread guides are thrown open and
the lower ones closed, and when forwards vice versa, and at each to-and-
fro motion the embroidering threads are crossed and recrossed, and thus
secured to the fabric by the ordinary stitch of the machine, the feed
of the machine advancing the fabric, so that the point formed by the
embroidering threads comes under the needle. The rack levers may be
so arranged as to cause the vibrating thread guides to open and close
simultaneously, that is, by arranging them to act on either the outer or
inner periphery of the pinions, in which two pinions would only
be required with the vibrating threads placed two above and two
below.
Figure 10 represents another contrivance for forming the top side
embroidering stitch, and is a modification of the one shewn and described
under Figures 7, 7, and 11; 1 is a rod connected with the needle bar
and is jointed to a lever 2 with a curved slot in it. In this curved slot
a pin at the upper extremity of the lever 3 enters, and also into a
straight slot in the plate fastened to the bracket; the lower extremity of
the lever 3 is jointed to a cog wheel 5 away from its centre, and to this
cog wheel is geared another cog wheel 6 twice the diameter, so that to
one revolution of the former 5 there is only a half revolution of the
latter, the lever 3 is constructed at its lower extremity of an angular
shape on each side, the object of which is to give a rotary motion to the
cog wheel 5 by impinging on springs 4, 4, placed at opposite angles, and
when the cog wheel is at its dead centre the spring on one side throwing
the lever 3 in one direction, and the spring on the other side vice versa,
so that to every up-and-down movement of the needle bar the cog wheel 5
makes a revolution and cog wheel 6 a half revolution, the object of
which latter is at one down-and-up stroke of the needle bar the rack
framo 11 shall be drawn backwards by the band 11 being raised by the
B

page_text: half revolution of the cog wheel 6, and at the next thrown forwards by
the spring 12 when the band 11 is slackened, the pin 7 to which the
band 11 is secured at one end is away from the centre, the other end of
the band being fastened by suitable means to the rack frame, the back-
ward and forward movement of the rack is productive of the same results
as described under Figures 7, 7, and 11.
Figure 13 shews a pin threaded at the upper part, the object being to
allow the pinions free play of each other by screwing a nut down the
threaded part, but so as not to touch the pinion turning on the lower or
unthreaded part of the pin, and also to form a base for the upper pinion
to rest upon, see Figure 12, the pin and nut here described are for
pinions in Figure 11.
Figure 9 represents another contrivance for producing a new style of
top side embroidering stitch, which we claim as an article of manu-
facture; 9 is a connecting rod jointed at its upper end to the needle bar,
and at its lower to a forked lever 3 carrying a paul 4 which engages
with a ratchet wheel 6 secured to a shaft passing through it, and the
bracket 7 to the disc 5%; the shaft ratchet and disc perform a quarter
revolution at each up-and-down stroke of the needle bar, so that the
lever 8 jointed to the disc 5 at a suitable distance from its centre is at one
time or stroke of the needle bar at its highest point, at the next at mid-
distance, and at the third at the lowest point, and next at mid-distance
again; the lever 8 has two curved slots in it, one with its upper and
lower extremities above and below the upper and lower extremities of
the other, the object of which is to make one vibrating thread guide 9, 9,
at their crossing at the lower extremities pass under the other, and at
their crossing at the higher extremities to pass over the other, and thus
vary the effect of the threads alternately appearing and disappearing in
part at each succeeding two stitches, the inner part of the slotted curves
opens the thread guides at mid-distances, and the other when at the
uppermost and lowest extremities closes them, and thus the new style of
embroidering stitch is produced; to make the ordinary embroidering
stitch the slots should be of equal lengths, and thus alternately open
and close the vibrating thread guides. By having the cog wheel,
Figure 10, one-4th the diameter of 6 with the lever 8 of Figure 9 jointed
to it, the same result might be obtained as by the lever and ratchet
wheel of Figure 9, so that we claim using both methods for producing
like results.

page_text: 1
Figure 7 represents a cloth presser foot for a top feed, and is serrated
on the under side to feed the cloth along. To convert. this into a foot
suitable for an under feed we construct a shoe 12, 12, to slide on the
foot. It is held securely on the foot by the springs 11, 11, which springs
hold it up out of the way when the top feed is brought into action.
Figure 36 represents a new and improved method of working a top
feed. 1, 1, is the base of the machine; 2, 2, the arm; 3, the bracket
head; 4, 4, 4, the cloth presser; 5, 5, the needle bar; 6, a lever jointed
to the needle bar at one end and at the other by a pin passing through
a wheel 8 to a rod 7 jointed to the cloth presser 4 by a pin 11; 9 and 10
are springs; 13 is a screw to shorten or lengthen the stitch; it passes
through the tapped bracket 14, and presses against the arm 16; and 15
is a spring to throw the feed forward on its being lifted. The
scale 1, 2, 3 is a stitch indicator; 17 is a bracket firmly secured to the
head of the machine, to which a lever 18, slotted at one end with a pin
in it, which is connected to the needle bar 5 is jointed by a pin. The
manner in which the top feed is actuated is as follows:-On the descent
of the needle bar 5 the lever 6 with wheel 8 is run along the spring 9,
causing the rod 7 to lift the presser bar 4, 4, 4. On the rise of the
needle bar 4 the spring 9 causes the wheel 8 to pass to the outside of the
cloth presser in a direction opposite to its descent. As the needle bar
again descends the spring 10 presses upon the lever 6 and causes it to
carry the wheel within the presser bar, and thus a rotary motion to the
wheel 8, to feed the work along on the ascent of the needle bar 5. The
lever 18 is raised by the pin in the slot 18, and at the same time when
the needle is out of the fabric being stitched the opposite end of this
· lever 18 presses against the cloth presser bar 4, and so moves the work
along. The spring 15 throws the foot forward, when the presser is
raised, but only so far as the screw 13 which determines the length of
the stitch will allow.
Figure 34 represents an improved method of working the under feed
of an arm machine, such as Harrison's European. 2, 2, is the arm;.
3, the shuttle carrier connecting rod; 4, an arm jointed at 12 to the
cylinder 2; 5, a spring; 6, a lever with a stop screw at 7; 8, 8, a slotted
lever for raising the feed 13 into the work; 11 is a pin passing through
a rod 10, and intended to slide in the slotted lever S, S. To actuate this
under feed the shuttle carrier connecting rod 3 has the lever 6 attached.
to it, and the arm 10 with the pin 11 passing along the slotted lever,
B 2

page_text: arm 8, 8. If the pin were in the slot the projection near the arm 4
would lift the cloth presser feed 13, and on the return stroke of the con-
necting rod 3 the lever 6 would move the feed and so give the length of
stitch. To shorten the stitch the screw 7 is caused to throw the lever 6
more forward, and thus give it less hold on the arm 4. A spring keeps
the lever 6 in its normal position, but yields easily for it to pass the feed
when the needle is in the work and the connecting rod 3 is being thrown
forward. The spring 5 returns the feed to its normal position.
Figure 35 represents a modification of the last under feed, Figure 34;
2, 2, is the arm of the machine; 3, the shuttle carrier connecting rod";
4, an arm jointed at 5; 6, a spring to press on the arm and return it to
its normal position; 7, a lever with a projection, which yields one way,
but is firm the other, and is joined to the arm 2 by a pin 8; 9 is a stop
screw to shorten or lengthen the stitch; 11 is where the arm is fastened
to the machine. To actuate this feed the shuttle carrier connecting
rod 3 presses the screw 9 against the yielding projection of the lever 7;
when it has reached the full extent of the throw and is returning it
catches the projection, and at the same time raises the feed, and moves
forward the work, the spring 6 returning the feed to its normal
position.
Figure 21 represents a Wheeler and Wilson machine with the driving
pulley at the end of the rotary hook shaft, to be worked by a portable
treadle, as shewn in Figure 17, and as in Mabson's Specification, 27th
December, 1871, No. 3495. The improvement in this consists in having
a bracket 2 attached to the machine to support the shaft by the pulley,
and in having a screw 2, Figure 23, pass through the elbow to prevent
the rocking of the machine by pressing against the side of the table, the
same treadle with this improvement being used with the cloth or fret
cutting machine. A further improvement to this consists in having a
double crank set at or about right angles, see Figures 18 and 181/2. 18 and
19 are the pitmen or connecting rods; 20, the axle passing through the
elbow and the driving wheel with a crank at one end, see Figure 18,
and a disc at the other with a pin for the pitman 17 to work upon.
Figure 24 represents a new adjustable cloth presser with a boss or
head, which is removable from the presser arm. The improvements
consist of the method of increasing or decreasing the pressure on the
presser foot, and of having the boss made removable from the presser

page_text: arm, and are performed as follows:-7 is the nut, which presses on
being turned down on two projections of a ring, which encircles. the
piston and forces down a spiral spring ordinarily in use. To allow these
projections to move downwards a slit is cut across the threaded part of
the boss 8. By this arrangement the nut has not to be lowered to allow
the cover to be closed down. Where these are used the boss or head 2 is
made removable. 1 is the presser arm, and the method for detaching or
fastening the boss is as follows:-3 is a steady pin in the slot 6; a bolt
passes through the arm 1 into the slot 6, and is secured by a winged
nut 5, thus holding the boss firmly to the arm. The object for having
this made removable is to enable the operator when hemming, braiding,
or embroidering to move the presser into position to perform those kinds
of work satisfactorily by bringing the part to be stitched to the needle's
point. It also enables the operator to get to the machine without
difficulty when required, and the head or top of the boss can be more
easily threaded to receive the presser nut.
Figure 25 represents a new cloth presser. 1 is the presser bar, to
which 2 a curved or bowed arm is fastened by a screw; 3, the foot;
5, a hole tapped in the foot, to which various attachments may be
fastened by a screw, which will be fully explained in the one attached
to the Wheeler at Figure 26, 1 is the cloth presser piston, to which the
curved or bowed arm 2 is fastened by a screw; 3 is the presser foot,
which has a slit or opening cut in it at the end to the right to allow a
passage for the needle to descend into the fabric being stitched. The
object for having this bowed cloth presser is to allow certain attach-
ments or appliances to be fastened to the heel of the foot, instead of as
formerly to the toe, to facilitate the management of the work, and to
avoid a drag being put on certain descriptions, such as braiding and
trimming. To this foot is now shewn a combined quilting guage creaser
and trimmer, fastened by a screw 5, with a slide 10, 10, secured to the
tucking guage 15 by a screw, and movable for various distances in
spacing the tucks. 14 is the lip on which the crease is made by the
descent of the slitted striker 11, movable on frame 9, and actuated by
the needle bar 4 jointed to a connecting rod 13. As the needle
bar descends, the creaser being close to the lip 14, and having little
movement to make, it performs its work with less noise than those
generally in usc. S, S, is the quilting guage and trimmer, to which the
rocking frame of the creaser is fastened at 9; 6, 6, is the sliding foot,

page_text: three or more of which may be used at once, so as to enable the operator
to vary the spaces between the paralel lines of stitching without having
to move the guage. Two of these feet are brought into requisition when
braiding or trimming to guide the braid to the desired point to be
stitched. A slot is cut in the upright part of the guage 8, 8, and
through this slot the braid can pass without a drag being put upon it,
and causing the work to pucker, which is done by those now in use
where the braid passes through a slot, and downwards under the presser
foot. This shews the advantage of having the presser arm bowed, with
the foot turned in a reverse direction, to give a free passage to the braid.
It is also convenient for cording, see Figure 27, where 3 is the foot;
4, a bent plate with tubes 6, 6, for the cord to pass through; and 5,
is the screw by which the corder is fastened to the presser foot.
The usual corder presents great obstacles to the passage of the work,
causing many stoppages, and is a costly cumbersome appliance. In
Figure 28 is shewn a simple hemmer 4, fastened by a screw 5 to the
cloth presser 3. The cost of making this is trifling compared with others.
In Figure 29 is shewn a friller and gatherer of the most simple con-
struction. 6, 6, is a spring with a blade to it, and is fastened to the
presser foot 3 by a screw 5; 7 is a screw by which the pressure of the
spring may be regulated for various thicknesses. By passing a ribbon,
tape, or a strip of cloth of any kind under the blade of spring 6 it will be
held back, and the material passing under the foot be gathered according
to the length of stitch on, and at the same time be stitched to the
fabric.
Figure 32 represents a tuck creaser of novel construction. 2 is the
cloth plate; 3, the tucking guage; 4, the needle rocker; 5, a bar to which
is jointed a connecting rod 6 at one end, and at the other the lever 7,
which on the descent of the needle arm 4 presses on the spring creaser 9,
and thus creases the cloth on the lip of the spacer 8. By this arrange-
ment of bar rod and lever the creaser 9 is moved gently down on the
fabric, and thus rendered comparatively noiseless.
Figure 30 represents a cloth presser foot and stem, all made of
crystal or a transparent substance 1, 1. 2, 2, is the collar of the piston
or presser bar into which the stem is fastened in the ordinary way,
the object for having this all of crystal is to enable the operator to
follow with facility any tracing for braiding, embroidering, or plain
stitching.

page_text: Figure 33 represents an oil bottle for sewing and other machines, and
is of novel construction. 1 is the reservoir of a cylindrical shape and
has a rim 2 secured to the top and threaded on the inside to receive the
cover with the spout 3, which when screwed down has the rim 2 rising
above it to retain any oil that may trickle down the spout after use. The
object for having the lower or reservoir cylindrical with a rim on the
top is so that a hole bored in the machine table, either within the plat-
form or otherwise may hold it, and the lid shut down.
.
Figure 15 represents a new cloth or fret cutting machine which can
be worked by the sewing machine treadle whether portable or other-
wise. 1 is the base plate with screw holes to fasten it to the table;
2 is a base or an upright; and 3, the shaft or capital; 4, 4, are the
driving pulleys; 5, 5, the saw frame jointed to the driving pulleys 4, 4,
by the pins 6, 6, and by a bolt 7. At the top 8 is a slit cut in the
shaft 3 for the bolt 7 to work in to steady the frame, and 9 is a pin
which may be used for the same purpose by having a ring connected
with the one at 10 to give it a straight up-and down motion to the saw
frame. The under jaws are fastened to a suitable part of this frame
and the cutting blade is held by these jaws and the jaws held in a curved
spring 14, Figure 14, above the platform on which the article to be
cut is placed. The upper spring draws the blade taut and back through
the work and the downward pull of the frame causes the saw or
blade to cut the material. The bands on the pulleys 4, 4, pass round the
driving pulley in the ordinary way under the table, or by the portable
treadle with a box platform, as Figure 22, with a modification shewn in
Figure 18, where a shaft 4 with a crank is substituted for one of the
band pulleys 4; the working of the machine, with this exception, is the
same as that of Figure 15, and only differs from the box platform
by not being enclosed, but by having uprights 3, 12, 13, for the plate
on which the work is turned to rest upon, a curved spring 14 being
fastened to the tray 1 of the machine. The object for having this
unenclosed is that it may be produced at a less price. In Figure 19
may be seen the plate 21, this plate being either hinged on the
upright or fastened by screws, but preferably hinged on for con-
venience in getting at the under jaws. 14 shews the curved spring
with the jaws and blade; these machines may be worked upon an
ordinary table as well as the sewing machine, Figure 21, but for the
convenience of those who wish to have a table in which the sewing and

page_text: cloth cutting machines may be readily put out-of the-way and the table
come into general use we construct a table for the purpose as follows:-
In Figure 20, 1 is the table top; 2, a drawer; and at one end of the
table 3 is a movable door with suitable supports, and within which and
the partition shewn under the table are shelves for the machines to
stand upon.
Instead of a spring a rod suspended from a ceiling may
have a pulley with weights and band for keeping the saw or blade taut,
the number of weights being varied to the requirements of the articles
being cut, and so adjustable. We also make a spiral spring adjustable
by having a nut run on a threaded part of the rod and connected with
the cutter carrying frame.
Figure 16 represents another cloth cutting machine, in which 1, 1, is
the base plate; 2, 2, the base; 3, 3, the shafts or uprights; 4, 4, the
band pulleys; 5, 5, the bars or rods jointed to the band pulleys 4, 4, and
to the frames at the upper rings 6, 6; 8 is a rod on which the under
jaws 10 swing, and is secured firmly to the saw frame 7, 7; 9, 9, is a
rod which carries the upper jaws 10, and is also firmly secured to the
frame 7, 7, and to the upper rings running on the shafts 3, 3, while to
the lower rings at 7, 7, pins pass through the frame and are secured to
the lower rings of shafts 3, 3; by having the frame firmly secured to
both rings on the two shafts a steady and straight motion is given to the
saw or blade at every revolution of the driving pulleys 4, 4; the con-
necting rods 5, 5, which actuate the frame swing loosely on pins at 6, 6,
also on the discs 4, 4, which may be band pulleys, as in Figure 15,
to work this machine with a portable treadle and box platform, in
Figure 17 the driving pulley 4½ of Figure 16 may be seen brought into
use by having a slide or slides across the platform in Figure 17 running
from shaft to shaft 3 and 3 and removable; the saw may be slided by
the jaws so as to allow the work more room on which to turn; 11, 11, are
springs which firmly clasp the rod 9, 9, to hold the jaws in any desired
position; the rod 9, 9, may be roughened or cut if desirable.
Figure 11%, represents another method of actuating the rack and
pinion arrangement of Figure 11; 1 is a connecting rod jointed at the
top by a pin 2 to the needle bar, and at the lower end to two bars 3, 3,
opening in opposite directions, with their ends jointed to two other
bars 4, 4, which turn inwards and have a pin through them which is
firmly secured to the frame 5, 5, the four bars 3, 3, and 4, 4, are joined
to the connecting rod 1 and the frame 5, in the manner of lazy-tongs to

page_text: shorten the stroke from the needle bar suitably for the movement of the
frame 5, 5, this lazy-tong movement may be repeated below the frame
5, 5, and in connection with it to actuate thread guides, Figure 11%,
requiring a half revolution of the ratchet wheel 7 to open and shut them
3 at the proper time; 6 and 8 are pauls and springs secured to the
frame 5, 5, one giving a quarter revolution to the ratchet wheel on the
down stroke of the needle bar and frame 5, 5, and the other on the up
stroke of the same so as to produce a half revolution of the ratchet
wheel 7; this half revolution may also be produced by having both
ratchets on one side of the ratchet wheel; 11, 11, is a slot in the
frame 5, and 12 a pin which with the pin in and that fastens the ratchet
wheel 7 to the bracket of the machine steadies the frame 5 so that it
shall only move vertically by the arrangement for obtaining a half
revolution of the ratchet wheel; the band 10 secured by a pin 9 to the
ratchet wheel 7 away from its centre produces the same movement of
the racks and pinions, Figure 11, as already described under Figures 7,
8, and 10.
Figure 37 shews a method by a novel construction of raising the
cloth presser or top feed of a Harrison's European; 4; 4, in dotted lines
is the lever of the cloth presser; 2, a boss on the bracket; 3, a nut;
and 1, 1, a screw, shewn partly in dotted lines, to raise the cloth
presser; the nut 3 by being turned down caused the screw 1, 1, to rise,
and with it the lever 4, 4; a slot is cut in the back side of the bracket
to allow of this being performed. The object of this arrangement is to
enable the operator to give sufficient room for the passage of thick seams
and stout material.
We claim constructing the mode of working double cranks to a
sewing machine with the fly wheel running in a longitudinal direction
as described with reference to Figure 1.
We claim constructing steady pins and castors combined as described
with reference to Figures 2 and 4.
We claim constructing a steady pin as described with reference to
Figure 3.
We claim constructing an arrangement as described with reference to
Figure 5 for producing the herring-bone stitch.
We claim constructing an embroidering attachment with reference to
Figure 6.

page_text: We claim constructing a tuck creaser as described with reference to
Figure 32, reference being had to the striker arrangement.
We claim constructing an oil bottle as described with reference to
Figure 33.
We claim constructing under feeds for sewing machines with sleeve
arms as described with reference to Figures 34 and 35.
We claim constructing a top feed arrangement with stitch indicator
as described with reference to Figure 36.
We claim constructing a cloth presser lift as and for the purpose
described with reference to Figure 37.
We have now described our various attachments and improvements in
sewing machines.
In witness whereof, wc, the said William Harrison and John
Mabson, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-
ninth day of October, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five:
Witness,
WILLIAM DAVIES.
WILLIAM HARRISON. (L.S.)
JOHN MABSON.
(L.S.)