matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR APPLYING BRONZE OR DUST COLORS UPON PAPER OR OTHER SURFACES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Siddons Grierson and
Robert Philips at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 22nd November 1872.
We, JOHN SIDDONS GRIERSON and ROBERT PHILIPS, of Edinburgh,
in the County of Mid Lothian, North Britain, Machinists, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR APPLYING BRONZE OR DUST COLORS UPON PAPER OR OTHER SURFACES," to be as
follows, that is to say :-
This Invention, which relates to apparatus for applying bronze or dust
colors upon paper or other surfaces, has for its object the performing of
the operation in a better manner, including the more complete removal
of the non-adherent powder, than has been hitherto attained.
The apparatus as made with the improvements, comprises a main
central cylinder revolving within a casing, on which cylinder the sheet
of paper or other material is held and carried through, such sheet being
caught by grippers or fingers fixed on a spindle which lies in a groove
formed along the cylinder's surface. The gripper spindle has a spring
applied to one and to tend to keep the grippers closed, and it has also an
arm, which, as the cylinder revolves, comes in contact with fixed cam

page_text: surfaces and opens the grippers at the proper times. The cylinder turns
so as to carry the sheet under it and in contact with a bronzing or
dusting roller, which roller revolves partly dipping into a trough con-
taining the powdered bronze or color, and which is covered with flannel
or other suitable material that will take up the powder. The contact
surface of this bronze roller moves oppositely to 'that of the cylinder.
The second roller passed by the sheet in moving round is one covered
with plush, which equalises the powder on the paper; this roller is not
driven excepting by the frictional contact of the sheet on the cylinder;
all the other rollers however aro driven by external spur gearing. The
third roller is like the second, but has a surface movement opposite to
that of the cylinder. The fourth roller is a brush which revolves rapidly
and acts both on the cylinder and on the third roller; this brush is by
preference made with hair. There is next a second revolving brush either
of hair or wool, or there may be a second brush of hair followed by a
third of wool. There is finally a pad which rests lightly on the sheet
or cylinder and serves principally to prevent loose powder from being
carried out of the casing. At the point where the sheet is released
from the grippers two small revolving brushes on one spindle turn its
edge outwards and prevent its being carried round a second time.
The bearings of all the rollers are made adjustable with screws, so that
their pressure may be varied to suit different qualities of the paper or
material operated on.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ROADWAYS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Jacques Philippe Victor
Touche at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 15th February 1872.
I, JEAN JACQUES PHILIPPE VICTOR TOUCHE, of Abbey Road,
St. John's Wood, in the County of Middlesex, Artist, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention of "AN IMPROVED MODE OF AND
APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ROADWAYS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is so to prepare the surface of roadways
which are finished with a coating of asphalte or equivalent material as
to remove the liability of horses slipping thereon. To this end I propose
while the covering material is in a soft or unset state to impress it with
transverse lines, which will give a foothold to the horses.
Supposing the road to have been faced with the asphalte or equivalent
material which is still in a state to receive an impression, I place over
the road and transversely of the same a pair of rails to form a railway,
and on this railway I mount a traversing stamper (after the manner of
travelling cranes), by the action of which I imprint in the road surface
lines to form the foothold for the horses. This pair of rails will in

page_text: narrow streets rest upon the footways, and they may conveniently be
formed into a travelling carriage by bracing them together and mounting
them on wheels.
When operating upon wider roads a platform may be laid along the
middle of the roadway for supporting this travelling carriage.
The stamper will consist of a horizontal plate of cast iron, having
on its under or acting surface wedge-shaped ribs, which may form any
desired patterns suitable for a foothold for horses. In general I should
prefer a pattern corresponding to the joints in stone or wood pavement,
but diamond or other shapes may be introduced. The stamper may be
mounted on a carriage and supported therein by vertical guides, and it
may be raised and depressed after the manner of a drop hammer or by
means of a screw or otherwise.
The stamper will by preference be used in a heated state, and when
an imprint of the required depth has been made in the asphalte covering
the stamper will be moved forward to repeat the operation, and thus the
whole breath of the roadway will be impressed with the pattern. When
one transverse line of prints has been completed, the rails are to be
shifted forward to bring the stamper into position for commencing
another line, and the operation will be repeated as before.
There may be attached to the stamper carriage a knife or scraper for
removing any burr that the stamper may raise, and a brush may also be
appended to the carriage to follow the scraper, and brush away any
parings that may be made by the scraper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MANURING, DISINFECTING, AND DEODORIZING
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Raymond Belford at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th November 1872.
I, JAMES RAYMOND BELFORD, of Clifton, in the County of Gloucester,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MANURING, DISINFECTING, AND DEODORIZING," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object the production of a chemical manure
and disinfecting and deodorizing compound which shall possess the
following amongst other advantages, viz',―
Firstly, that it shall combine in itself every substance or ingredient
requisite for fertilizing and restoring each variety of soil and for the
developement of every sort of crop.
Secondly, that it shall be perfectly soluble in water, so that when
required it may be applied to the land at the period when the growth of
vegetation is most rapid and its assimilation most active.

page_text: Thirdly, that by mixing it with ordinary farm yard manure, compost,
or dung the value thereof shall be greatly enhanced by the fixation of
its ammonia and the addition to it in due proportion of those elements
or ingredients in which it was deficient, it being converted by this
treatment into a powerful fertilizer capable of universal application.
And lastly, that by its use in the farmyard and homestead the noxious
effluvia from decomposing animal matter shall be neutralized, and the
vitality of the germs of epizootic diseases be destroyed, thus preventing
or arresting the spread of contagious diseases, and at the same time
the attacks of blight, rust, and mildew on the potato root and
cereal crops.
To effect the above object I combine the different salts of ammonia,
potash, and soda, sulphates, nitrates, phosphates, silicates, muriates, &c.,
in the several proportionate amounts required for the full developement
of all crops, together with a certain quantity of mineral acids and
various phenyle compounds, sulphites, or other antiseptics.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Thomas Theodor Eiben
and Gustav Adolph Buckholz at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 24th December 1872.
WC, FRIEDRICH THOMAS THEODOR EIBEN, Cotton Spinner, and
GUSTAV ADOLPH BUCKHOLZ, Engineer, both of Varel, in the Empire
of Germany, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"A NEW OR IMPROVED MOTIVE POWER," to be as follows:
This Invention has for its object the construction of a machine for
utilizing the power of two or more falling weights in conjunction with
ratchet or toothed wheels and levers connected to a crank axle for the
purpose of producing motive power, and consists in mounting two
weights in vertical slides so that as each of such weights falls a
projection or pawl mounted upon it comes in contact with the teeth of
a fellow ratchet or toothed wheel, and so causes the shaft upon which
two of such ratchet wheels are mounted to revolve.
This revolving motion is maintained by gearing the shaft herein-before
mentioned to a crank shaft, which alternately actuates the long arms

page_text: of two double armed levers (having their fulcrums working in horizontal
slides situated beneath the weights) the short arms of which levers
are employed for raising the weights alternately to the position from
which they fall, and so a continuous revolving motion is obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING WASTE OF WATER, APPLICABLE TO WATEROLOSETS, LAVATORIES, ŪRINAIS, AND OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Thomas Holcroft at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th November 1872.
I, JOHN THOMAS HOLOROFT, of No. 4, Gales Gardens, Bethnal Green
Road, in the County of Middlesex, Plumber, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING
WASTE OF WATER, APPLICABLE TO WATEROLOSETS, LAVATORIES, ŪRINAIS, AND OTHER
LIKE PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a cheap, simple, and efficient arrangement of
apparatus for preventing waste of water, applicable to waterclosets,
lavatories, urinals, and other like purposes, and consists of a service box,
which is fitted to the interior or exterior of an ordinary cistern, and is
provided with an air pipe, the said box being of a capacity sufficient to
contain just so much water as may be required each time the closet,
lavatory, or urinal is used. To the top or other convenient part of this
box there is fitted a valve, which when open allows the box to be filled
from the cistern, and at the bottom of the said box or in the bottom of
the cistern itself, but within the box, there is fitted the closet supply

page_text: valve, which may be of the ordinary or other suitable construction, but
I prefer to make the seat for this valve of sufficient length to pass
through the bottom of any ordinary cistern, and to fix the same by a fly
nut screwed on to the said seating and tightened up against the bottom
of the cistern.
The closet or other supply pipe is joined to this seating by the ordinary
union joint, or otherwise.
Each of these valves is connected by a chain or slotted rod with an
overhead weighted lever, but on opposite sides of its fulcrum, and the
connections are so arranged as that the valve which fills the box will
always remain open, and the supply valve for the closet shut, when the
apparatus is in its normal position, or vice versa, according to the style
of closet to which it is to be adopted. On pulling the handle which is
connected to the lever, the valve which fills the box is caused to close
before the supply valve opens, and thus the contents of the box and no
more will be discharged into the closet or basin. When the handle is
released the supply valve closes before the valve for filling the box
opens, and thus no waste of water can take place. In this mode of
working the apparatus the box remains always full in its normal
condition, but if desired the operation of the valves may be reversed, in
which case the box always remains empty till the time the handle is
pulled, whereupon the box is filled, and on the release of the handle
the water in the box is at once discharged into the closet or other
apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPPING, COMBING, AND BEATING JUTE, FLAX, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Cunningham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th April 1872.
I, WILLIAM CUNNINGHAM, of Dundee, in the County of Forfar,
North Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPPING, COMBING, AND BEATING JUTE, FLAX, AND OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR,”
more to be as follows, that is to say :—
"
These improvements in machinery employed for snipping, combing,
and beating jute, flax, and other fibrous substances, consist in so
arranging the machinery or apparatus as to carry out the said operations
effectively than hitherto.
The apparatus employed for effecting the said operations consists of a
horizontal carrier pulley with a bevilled edge, and provided on its upper
side and near to the rim with holders or clutches for securing the jute,
flax, or other fibrous substance to be operated upon in position on the
pulley. The carrier pulley is supported on bearings placed at the base
of a framing, and at the angles of the framing stenting pullies are

page_text: situated, over which an endless rope or ropes is or are passed, and part
of which encircles or encircle a portion of the periphery of the carrier
pulley, a groove or grooves being formed in the rim of the disc to receive
it or them.
The snipping, combing, or beating of the jute, flax, or other fibrous
substance is effected by two spiked revolving drums arranged on two
sides of the framing; that by which the jute, flax, or other fibrous
substance is first operated upon being by preference formed conical, so
that the action may be more gentle at the beginning of the operation.
When a sufficient quantity of material for one operation has been 1
placed by the attendant on the holders in the carrier pulley, it is caused
to revolve by suitable mechanism, and as it passes round the material in
the holders is caught between the side of the carrier pulley and the rope
or ropes herein-before referred to, by which it is held in position to be
operated upon by the snipping, combing, or beating cylinders, which are ]
caused to rotate in opposite directions, so as to comb, beat, or snip both
sides of the jute, flax, or other fibrous substance.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRUSSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th October 1872.-A communication from abroad by Charles
Gordon Patterson and John Lyonel Rowe, both of the City of New
York, United States of America.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRUSSES,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to produce a truss which shall have an
improved spring pressure toward the person to hold the pad or pads to
the hernia, and shall admit of all necessary adjustments of the pad or
pads or parts of the truss connected therewith, subject to a construction
which is at once cheap, simple, and durable.
The Invention generally consists of a pad spring, made of a single
piece of steel plate bent to form two leaves, the outer one of which is
secured to the front or pressure spring of the truss, and is provided with

page_text: a set screw for adjusting the pressure, and the inner leaf of which is
secured to the pad. The pressure spring is made either whole or
divided, but curves inwards, and is united either directly or indirectly to
the hip springs, and has pivoted to it the outer leaf of the pad spring.
In trusses where two hernial pads are necessary then the pad springs &
and pressure springs are duplicated, and the latter connected by an outer
bar or strip, which also may be adjustable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN DRAWING WIRE
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Woods and Edwin
Woods at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 24th June 1872.
We, JOSEPH WOODS and EDWIN WOODS, of Warrington, in the
County of Lancaster, Wire Drawers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN DRAWING
WIRE," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the apparatus patented by us in the year
1871, under the serial number 1086, whereby wire is drawn through
two or more draw plates simultaneously, and consists in adapting it to
draw the larger sizes of wire with which wire drawers usually commence
operations. This is effected by passing the wire usually about No. 4
Birmingham wire gauge in a straight or nearly straight line from draw
plate to draw plate, and in effecting the drawing by gripping the wire
between two grooved or other pullies, instead of passing it around one or
more pullies as in our above-mentioned Patent. A series of pairs of
grooved or other pullies may be used.
To regulate the speed of the said gripping, pullies and provide for
variation in the quality of the wire being drawn, we employ a weighted

page_text: "
pulley resting on the wire after it has passed the said gripping pullics
and attach thereto directly, or by levers, a fork capable of moving a
strap from one end to the other of two cones.
The action of the pulley is as follows:-When the gripping pullies
revolve too fast the wire between the draw plates is slackened, this
allows the weighted pulley to fall, whereby the fork is caused to move
the strap towards one end of the cones and reduce the speed of the
gripping pullies. If on the contrary the said pullies revolve too slowly
the wire between the two draw plates is tightened, the weighted pulley
riscs, hence the fork is caused to move the strap. towards the opposite
end of the cones, and the speed of the gripping pullies is increased.
Instead of the fork and cones above described the weighted pulley
may be made to work a friction clutch, or the gripping pullies may be
so adjusted by friction contact on their spindles as to slip if the wire is
stretched more than is desired.
AN IMPROVED SAVE-ALL SUITABLE TO ALL KINDS OF CANDLESTICKS, CANDLE OR READING LAMPS, OR CHANDELIERS BURNING · Wax, COMPOSITION, OR OTHER CANDLES,
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Charles Henderson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 29th July 1872.-A communication from abroad by Victor
Lalouette, of Reims, in the Department of Marne, France.
I, ARTHUR CHARLES HENDERSON, of No. 31, Charing Cross, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SAVE-ALL SUITABLE TO ALL KINDS OF
CANDLESTICKS, CANDLE OR READING LAMPS, OR CHANDELIERS BURNING · Wax,
COMPOSITION, OR OTHER CANDLES," a communication to me from abroad by
Victor Lalouette, of Reims, in the Department of Marne, France, to be
as follows:-
The save-all is made of glass or crystal, coloured or otherwise, or of
metal or any other suitable substance; the base terminates in a socket a,
which is fixed into the candlestick, see Figs. 1 and 2 of the accom-
panying Drawings; it is furnished with a longitudinal groove, and is
enveloped in a metal ring, to which one end of a spring r is riveted.
The cylindrical part 6 is hollow and filled with plaster, on which is
adjusted a thin copper plate p which is pierced with three holes, in each

page_text: of which a steel shaft t, 1, ", is passed and fixes in the plaster. The
upper part of the save-all c forms a reservoir. On the metal plate p is
placed the corresponding plate shown, Fig. 3, and is a copper basin d,
the object of which is to facilitate the melting of the residue and
gutterings, and effect the complete burning of the candle.
v, Fig. 4, is a small metal rundle with a circular aperture in the
centre, in which the end of the candle wick at the base of the candle
is fixed previous to lighting it. This rundle will adhere firmly to the
bottom of the candle, by first rubbing it on any smooth surface so
as to generate heat. The object of this rundle is to act as a sufficient
support to the end of the candle wick when the candle has burned down
to it, and prevent the wick falling against the sides of the glass save-all,
and so damaging it.
The save-all when once established in the candlestick becomes fixed,
but can readily be separated therefrom by turning it in a manner inverse
to the opening of the spring.
The candle furnished at its base with the small rundle is placed in
the save-all between the two branches or shafts t, t, which hold it secure,
and by pressing forcibly on the smaller one f" until it enters completely
into the candle, when no further attention is required till the candle has
completely burnt away. Then before, re-using it the small rundle v is
removed, as well as the trifling refuse that may be found on the plate d.
With this save-all there is no waste, as all is completely consumed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF ELASTIC FABRICS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Archibald Turner, of Leicester, Elastic Fabric
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF ELASTIC FABRICS."
Sealed the 7th January 1873, and dated the 16th November 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Archibald Turner at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th November 1872.
I, ARCHIBALD TURNER, of Leicester, Elastic Fabric Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC FABRICS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to produce elastic fabrics with a terry
face in a cheaper and more economical manner than heretofore.
Some kinds of elastic fabrics have been produced by cementing
together two single fabrics by means of a solution of india-rubber. In
order to prevent the rubber solution from passing through and injuring

page_text: the face, these single fabrics have been made thick, and when silk is
used for the face the fabric becomes costly.
In carrying out my Invention I form the face of the fabric of a
double or compound fabric consisting of a silk face with a cotton back.
The quantity of the expensive material employed is thus reduced to a
minimum, and the requisite substance or thickness is obtained by the use
of cotton or any other cheap fibre. The double or compound woven fabric
having been thus formed I attach to the back thereof a thin sheet or
film of rubber by means of a solution of rubber which will adhere to
the cotton back, but will not pass through it to the silk face.
The rubber may be backed up with any suitable light thin fabric, and
when the compound fabric so produced is collapsed by the contraction
of the rubber, the silk face will present precisely the appearance of a
woven terry fabric made with elastic strands in the ordinary manner.
If preferred strands of rubber may be cemented to the back of the ]
double fabric instead of sheet rubber, so that the face of the finished
terry fabric will have the same appearence as in the other instance.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WIRE FASTENINGS OR CONNECTING HOOKS AND LOOPS APPLICABLE FOR FASTENING CERTAIN PARTS OF DRESSES, AND ATTACHING PRICE TICKETS TO FANCY ARTICLES EXPOSED FOR SALE, AND FOR OTHER LIKE USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Wadsworth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th October 1872.
I, JOSEPH WADSWORTH, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Artist, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for “CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN WIRE FASTENINGS OR CONNECTING HOOKS AND LOOPS APPLICABLE
FOR FASTENING CERTAIN PARTS OF DRESSES, AND ATTACHING PRICE TICKETS TO
FANCY ARTICLES EXPOSED FOR SALE, AND FOR OTHER LIKE USEFUL PURPOSES," to
be as follows (that is to say) :—
My improvements consist in taking a small piece of wire, and
sharpening the ends into points, similar to pin points, and bending the
said double pointed wire into a hook or loop, or combined hooks and
loop, or the wire may be so doubled as to bring the two sharp points
together, which points may be bent into hooks, whilst the double part
of the wire may be formed into a hook after the fashion of the hook part
of the ordinary hook-and-eye, and which said hook may be planished, or
otherwise as preferred, according to the use for which it may be required.
Fastenings thus fashioned may be readily applied or used without

page_text: sewing as a portable or temporary fastening for various parts of a ladies'
head or body dress, as well as for a variety of purposes where a temporary
hook and loop fastening may be required, as also for ticket holders and
hooks for dressing, arranging, and holding the tickets notifying the
prices of fancy goods usually exposed for sale in shop windows, show b
rooms, bazaars, and other like places, or for similar purposes.
IMPROVED METHOD FOR THE ECONOMIZATION OF FUEL
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Barnett and William
Vokins at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 16th March 1872.
We, JAMES BARNETT, of No. 4, Aberfeldy Street, Bromley by
Bow, in the County of Middlesex, and WILLIAM VOKINS, of No. 47,
Mark Lane, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED METHOD FOR THE ECONOMIZATION OF FUEL,"
to be as follows:-
We dissolve in water an admixture of soda & salt, in the proportion
of one part soda to nine parts salt, until the water becomes saturated
with such mixture, & with this mixture we saturate coal or coke.
We also saturate water with salt alone, & with such solution moisten
small coal or breeses; then dissolving soda in water in the proportion of
a pound of soda to a gallon of water we wet ashes therewith, then mix
these ashes with the small coal or breeses prepared as above, the pro-
portion of such ashes to such coal or breezes being at option, about
half & half, more or less.

page_text: We furthermore take clay or any earthy matter, & moisten the same
with the solution of soda as above described, then we allow such matter
to dry, & afterwards saturate the same with the saline solution described
above; we next saturate small coal or breezes with the same saline
solution, and afterwards mix the earthy matters and the combustible
matters together in about equal proportions, more or less, at option.
Beyond this we take peat, manure, dry sewage, or road sweepings in
which excrementary matter is present, and saturating such matter with
.the-saline-solution-before-described, we-either use the same as a fuel of
itself, or we mix such proportion thereof with earthy matter or with
ashes similarly treated with the saline solution as may be found
sufficient to prevent an inconvenient slagging upon the furnace bars.
The principle of this Invention is the admixing of soda & salt with
water, & the saturating therewith of combustible matters, & the admixing
of earthy or non-combustible matter with combustible matter, &
saturating such mixture with a solution of soda & salt.
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Evans, of Church End House,
Willesden, and Hugh Cochrane, of No. 29, George Street, Portman
Square, both in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
RADIO"
Sealed the 10th December 1872, and dated the 2nd July 1872.

page_text: The handle of the knife, which may be of ivory, bone, or horn is
made solid, and at its end is a neck or stem, on which a screw thread
is cut corresponding with that in the socket. The blade and the handle
are then screwed together with a cement which sets and becomes hard,
and so prevents the parts being again unscrewed. Longitudinal grooves
are formed within the socket and also on the neck of the handle to
receive the cement, and these grooves coincide when the parts are
properly screwed together.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Evans and-Hugh Cochrane in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 1st January 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
EVANS, of Church End House, Willesden, and HUGH COCHRANE, of
No. 29, George Street, Portman Square, both in the County of Middlesex,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs andsuccessors, give
and grant unto us, the said William Evans and Hugh Cochrane, Her
special license that we, the said William Evans and Hugh Cochrane, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
William Evans and Hugh Cochrane, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TABLE KNIVES AND FORKS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said William Evans and Hugh
Cochrane, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or
them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
IMPROVEMENTS IN FUEL ECONOMISERS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert John Lees and James
Henry Garforth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 26th September 1872.
We, ROBERT JOHN LEES, of Glossop, in the County of Derby,
Manufacturer; and JAMES HENRY ĠARFORTII, of Dukinfield, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN FUEL ECONOMISERS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates more particularly to the fuel economisers
which consist in each case of a series of vertical pipes, through which
feed water is forced before being allowed to enter the steam generator
or generators with which the economiser is in connextion. Such
economisers are ordinarily mounted within a flue or chamber through
which the gases and products of combustion from the furnace or
furnaces of the steam generator or generators are caused to flow on
their way to the chimney. Certain of the products of combustion
become deposited on the outer surfaces of the pipes in the form of
soot or of a carbonaccous deposit, and it is necessary to remove such,
deposit during the working of the apparatus, the first part of our

page_text: Invention consisting in an improved method of effecting such removal.
For this purpose we by preference employ a series of scrapers to each
pipe, each scraper removing the deposit from a portion of the length
of the pipe. Each scraper is formed of metal and is provided with
an arm or arms, by means of which it is hinged to a vertical rod, or
to one of two or more rods, which is or are attached to rings which
are fitted to revolve around or upon the said pipe, and are actuated
by worm gearing or by other suitable gearing. Each
suspended from the upper ring by means of a rod, which is inclined
in such a manner as to cause the scraper to fall inwards and to press
against the surface of the pipe. As the said rings and rods revolve
each scraper acts upon a portion of the outer surface of the pipe.
scraper
is
A remaining portion of our Invention relates to the circulation of
the water through the series of pipes, and consists in conveying the
water through a central tube to the upper end or nearly to the
upper end of each pipe, the water returning through the pipes to the
lower horizontal pipes from which the water is conveyed to the steam
generator or generators.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE COOKING APPARATUS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Thomas at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th June
1872.
I, GEORGE THOMAS, of Stoney Stratford, in the County of Bucks,
Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE COOKING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to what I call a camp, yachting, or picnic
oven, and consists of a small portable apparatus for cooking and boiling
water with methylated (or any other suitable) spirit.
In carrying out my Invention I form the oven with an outside casing.
At the bottom of the casing is an aperture for placing in and drawing
out a moveable cistern or closed vessel for water. The top of this cistern
also forms the spirit receptacle, as the flat surface of it is indented with
wells or grooves sufficiently deep for the reception of the spirit. These
wells or grooves being entirely surrounded by the water inside the
cistern by keeping down the temperature of the spirit cause the spirit in
them when alight to burn more slowly, so that a much smaller quantity
of spirit is required for cooking than by any other arrangement. In

page_text: connection with this cistern there is a pipe or funnel to admit air to
prevent the water inside when heated from overflowing, a screw plug
being provided where the cistern is filled and emptied. Over this cistern
and spirit receptacle I place a baking tin and kettle resting on cross
bars, and, if desired, made to fit each other, and made small enough to
admit sufficient air between them and the outside casing of the oven, so
that the spirit burns freely. The kettle is constructed with a concave
bottom and with pipes or flues to conduct the heat through the body of
it, so that the water is more quickly boiled in it. On the top of the
oven I place one or more metal plates or any other kind of plates, which
not only form the lid but become heated for use. The outside casing of
the oven is neatly perforated under the top rim to admit air and to allow
the heat and steam to escape from the oven. A second baking tin is
provided for use when a larger cooking surface is required than is afforded
by the first-mentioned baking tin, this tin filling the entire area of tho
oven with the exception of a small space all round to allow of ventilation
for the free combustion of the spirit, and it is provided with a perforated
lid or cover to allow of the escape of the effluvium. The oven may
be made of any suitable metal and of any shape or size, as may bo
required.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN WASHING OR SCOURING WOOL AND WOOLLEN FABRICS OR YARNS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Wilkinson, of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Yarn Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WASHING OR SCOURING WOOL AND WOOLLEN FABRICS OR YARNS.”
Sealed the 7th March 1873, and dated the 11th September 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Wilkinson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 11th September 1872.
I, FREDERICK WILKINSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Yarn Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING OR SCOURING WOOL AND WOOLLEN FABRICS OR
YARNS," to be as follows:-
:-
My Invention relates to a process of washing or scouring wool and
woollen fabrics yarns, and, by means of which I dispense or partially
dispense with the use of soap or other such substance now employed for

page_text: those operations; for this purpose I use steatite or, as it is commonly
called, French chalk, and place it together with the wool in the trough of
an ordinary washing or scouring machine, and I find that by this
treatment I obtain the effect desired and in a more economical manner
than by the use of soap or other such matter. In like manner I wash
or scour woollen fabrics and yarns.
INPROVEMENTS IN CRUSHING, DRESSING, AND REFINING TIN AND OTHER ORES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR THESE PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Stephens and James
Harvey at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 16th April 1872.
•
We, HENRY STEPHENS, of Breage, and JAMES HARVEY, of Wendron,
both in the County of Cornwall, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "INPROVEMENTS IN CRUSHING, DRESSING, AND REFINING
TIN AND OTHER ORES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR THESE PURPOSES," to be
as follows:-
-
'
This Invention consists in rollers or bruisers having curved faces
actuated by travellers capable of giving a continual change of face of
rubber or bruiser together with a rising and falling motion. Also
feeding the receptacle in which said rubbers or bruisers act at or near
the bottom of such receptacle.
C
In performing the Invention it is contemplated to arrange the
improved rubbers or bruisers above or within a suitable receptacle
and convenient thereto, and in connection with the rubbers or bruisers
adjust the improved travellers so constructed that when put in action
by suitable machinery a continual rise and fall motion together with
continual change of rubbing or bruising surface may be imparted to the

page_text: improved rubbers or bruisers. The receptacle may be fed or supplied
with ore or other material at or near its bottom in any convenient
manner, but we prefer to use an inverted cone-shaped hopper having a
slide or endless chain feed of simple construction.
.
are
The accompanying Drawings illustrate a mode of carrying our Inven-
tion into effect, in which A represents a vessel or trough made of iron or
some other suitable material having a bottom of iron, steel, or some
other hard material (colored blue in the accompanying Drawing) having
a rib in the centre to prevent the bruisers coming in contact. B, B,
the bruisers working with an alternate motion in the trough A, their ]
lower extremities being preferably curved. The bruisers are connected
by rods C to travellers D, to which motion is given from a crank by
means of rods C³, C', or in any other suitable way, the traveller giving a
continual rise and fall to the bruisers during the whole of the stroke.
E is the hopper in which the rows or ore requiring crushing, etc., are 1
placed, the bottom of the hopper having a backward and forward move-
ment given to it by any suitable motive power causes the requisite
amount of ore to pass to the feeder I where it mixes with the water
passing in by the spout J, and is carried into the trough A, and as the
bruisers work up and down they pulverise the ore sufficiently fine 2
that the lighter parts rise to the surface and discharge themselves at K.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert McVey, of Jarrow-on-Tync, in the
County of Durham, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM
ENGINES."
Sealed the 25th June 1872, and dated the 29th April 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert M'Vey at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th April 1872.
I, ROBERT MOVEY, of Jarrow-on-Tyne, in the County of Durham,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of improvements in the construction of that
class of steam engines in which oscillating cylinders are used, and
whereby the reverse motion is given to the same in a much more
simple and effectual manner than by the means hitherto adopted for

page_text: that purpose, and the link motion and reversing excentrics used in
oscillating engines of the ordinary construction are dispensed with.
At that end of the steam pipe which is nearest the cylinder a valve
box provided with three pipes is placed, and in which valve box a
hollow slide throttle valvo of the ordinary construction works, which
valve is actuated by means of levers in the ordinary manner, or by
wheels, screws, or quadrants. The centre pipe leading from the valve
box is the exhaust pipe, the two outer pipes being for the purpose of
admitting the steam to the opposite sides of the cylinder for the purpose
of reversing its motion.
When the engine is motionless the slide valve closes the whole of
the three pipes, but upon its being required to be set in motion one
of the steam pipes leading to the cylinder is opened, whereupon the
steam which comes from the boiler into the valve box passes through the
same and sets the engine in motion, the other pipe leading the exhaust
steam from the cylinder into the hollow of the slide valve, whence it
passes down the exhaust pipe, and may be employed for working a low-
pressure engine or for any other required purpose. The exhaust steam
is prevented from returning through the exhaust pipe by reason of the
latter being provided with a non-return valve.
When it is desired to reverse the motion of the engine the slide valve
is put in motion until it uncovers the mouth of the steam pipe opposite
to that which has previously been conducting the steam to the cylinder,
and the steam passing down the same causes the cylinder to oscillate
in the reverse direction. The pipe which was previously the steam
pipe now conducts the exhaust steam from the cylinder to the hollow
in the slide throttle valve. By these means the use of the link motion
and of the reversing excentrics on the crank shaft is entirely obviated.
Engines may be constructed on this principle to work either with one
or more cylinders, and either at high or low pressure, as will be well
understood by persons conversant with the construction and arrangement
of engines.
IMPROVEMENTS IN POCKET MATCH HOLDERS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sidney Grafton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
February 1872.
I, SIDNEY GRAFTON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN POCKET MATCH HOLDERS," to be as follows :-
My Invention consists in providing a pocket match box or holder
with means for igniting an ordinary wax vesta match, and protecting
the flame so that it may be conveniently used for lighting a cigar or
pipe in the open air.
The combined match holder, striker, and protector consists in a circular,
oval, or other shaped tube or box, in the upper half of which the
matches are contained. A tubular passage leads through the supply of
matches to the lower part of the tube or box, which contains an inner
sliding tube provided with a clip in which the end of a match is received
when dropped through the said tubular passage. The latter terminates
in a friction surface or means for igniting the match, which may be
effected by the aid of one or more spring tongues or points, which

page_text: abrade and ignite the match when the latter is drawn between them.
The inner tube contains at one end the clip before mentioned, and is
partially slit up to permit of the clip being closed by compressing the.
end of the tube with the fingers.
The method of using this device is as follows:-A match is taken
from the supply, and dropped through the passage into the clip, which
is caused to grip it by compressing the end of the inner tube. The
latter is at same time withdrawn from the box or holder, and with
it the match which is thereby drawn through the igniting device before
mentioned, and is ignited within the inner tube simultaneously with
the withdrawal of the latter. The pipe or cigar may now be ignited
by applying it to the open end of the tube, or to opening provided
therein opposite the flame of the match.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACE BARS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Newbold at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd July
1872.
I, EDWARD NEWBOLD, of the Town and County of the Town of
Nottingham, Metal Broker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACE BARS," to be as follows:-
1
My improvements consist in obtaining the largest amount of oxygen
into a furnace, whereby I economise the consumption of fuel in the
production of steam. These consist of an alternate flute on each side
of the furnace bar, and by attaching a nozzle or its equivalent between
each plate I am enabled to obtain fully three-fold the quantity of
oxygen in any furnace I use.
In carrying out my Invention I employ by preference a thick nozzle
or wedge or equivalent at each end of the bar, so that the distance
between the nozzles, wedge, or equivalent is always the same. I
employ bearers, supporters or strips, which are placed on the side

page_text: bars to prevent the warping of the same.
These side bars are fluted
and nozzled on one side only, and the middle bars cannot be used
without the side bars.
The weight to fill a furnace will not exceed half the weight of the t
ordinary bars employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO PIPES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Crop at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th July 1872.
I, JOHN OROP, of Homerton, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO
PIPES," to be as follows (that is to say):-
My Invention has for its object a simple and convenient arrangement
for enabling charcoal to be employed for absorbing the nicotine and other
impurities given off from tobacco when smoking the same, and consists
in making the bowl of the pipe in the form of a V divided down the
centre, and represent in appearance a double bowl having two open
cavities, one for containing the tobacco and the other the charcoal, a cap
or topper fitted to the charcoal tube being also employed to confine the
passage of the smoke through the charcoal to the stem or tube of the
pipe which is fixed thereto.