Improvements in Motors Worked by Fluid Pressure.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 1st July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 1st Apr., 1890-Accepted, 21st June, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Motors Worked by Fluid Pressure.
I, WILLIAM CLARKE, of Fonchurch Street, London, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows
My invention has reference to a motor of the turbine class in which the actuating
fluid flows radially from the centre of the apparatus and acts successively upon con-
centric rings of vanes or blades. The rings of vanes or blades are alternately fixed
and movable. The fixed ones are attached to walls or partitions that form annular
chambers in the apparatus. The movable vanes or blades are attached to discs
mounted on a shaft that is concentric with the said annular chambers.
On the outer surfaces of the two side walls of each annular chamber and com-
mencing at a short distance from its centre are fitted a number of concentric rings
on each of which are formed a number of inclined curved vanes or blades. Con-
veniently there may be two annular rows of vanes or blades on each ring. On the
shaft that passes through the centre or axis of the set of annular chambers are fixed
discs with their faces adjacent to the side walls of the annular chambers and on the
faces of these discs next to the annular chambers are fixed a number of concentric
rings each of which is formed with a number of inclined curved or bent vanes or
blades. There may be two annular rows of these vanes or blades to each ring. The
vanes or blades on the two discs are curved or angled in the reverse way to those
on the walls of the annular chamber. The rings of vanes or blades on the discs are
so placed as to alternate with the rings of blades on the fixed rings. A steam
passage is provided from the outer periphery of each annular chamber. The steam
admitted to each chamber passes out of such chamber around the annular inner edges
of its walls and thence travels outward or radially passing through the successive
rings of vanes or blades, so as to act on fixed and movable vanes or blades alternately
in directions at right angles to the axis of the shaft of the motor and in doing so
rotates the discs and the said shaft to which they are fixed.
It will be understood that each successive ring of vanes or blades is of larger
diameter than that on which the motive fluid has just previously acted and presents
a larger area of vane or blade surface and that thus the motive fluid will be utilized
expansively as it proceeds from ring to ring in radial or approximately radial
directions from the axis of the motor.
The number of annular chambers discs and rings of blades will depend upon the
work to be done; in some small motors one chamber and two discs may suffice.
Dated this 1st day of July 1889.
W. Lloyd Wise,
WM. CLARKE.
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Motors Worked by Fluid Pressure.
I, WILLIAM CLARKE, of 121 Fenchurch Street, London, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention has reference to a motor of the turbine class in which the actuating
fluid flows radially from the centre of the apparatus and acts successively upon con-
centric rings or annular rows of vanes or blades (hereinafter called blades). The
C

page_text: annular rows of blades are alternately fixed and movable. The fixed ones are attached
to walls or partitions that form annular chambers in the apparatus. The movable
blades are attached to discs mounted on a shaft that is concentric with the said
annular chambers.
On the outer surface of the two side walls of each annular chamber and com-
mencing at a short distance from its centre are fitted a number of concentric rings
on each of which are formed a number of inclined curved blades. Conveniently
there may be two annular rows of blades on each ring. On the shaft that passes
through the centre or axis of the set of annular chambers, are fixed discs with their
faces a small distance from the side walls of the annular chambers, and on the faces
of these discs next to the annular chambers are fixed a number of concentric rings
each of which is formed with a number of inclined curved or bent blades. There
may be two annular rows of these blades to each ring. The vanes or blades on the
discs are curved or angled in the reverse way to those on the walls of the annular
chambers. The annular rows of blades on the discs are so placed as to alternate with
those on the fixed rings. A steam passage is provided from the outer periphery of
each annular chamber. The steam admitted to each chamber passes out of such
chamber around the annular inner edges of its walls, and thence travels outward or
radially, passing through the successive annular rows of blades, so as to act on fixed
and movable blades alternately in directions at right angles to the axis of the shaft of
the motor, and in doing so to rotate the discs and the said shaft to which they are
fixed.
It will be understood that each successive annular row of blades is of larger
diameter than that on which the motive fluid has just previously acted, and presents
a larger area of blade surface and that thus the motive fluid will be utilized
expansively as it proceeds from ring to ring in radial or approximately radial directions
from the axis of the motor.
The number of annular chambers, dises and rings or annular rows of blades will
depend upon the work to be done; in some small motors one chamber and two discs
may suffice.
In the accompanying drawings :-
-
Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal vertical section of a motor according to this invention.
Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the motor taken partly through the inlet, and
exhaust passages, and partly through the revolving and fixed blades.
Fig. 3 is a plan.
A is the casing of the motor made in parts secured together and provided with
annular walls or partitions B, that form annular chambers B. This casing is mounted
on a bed plate H, that carries two bearings G for supporting the main shaft C. To
the walls or partitions B are fixed concentric rings B² each formed with a number of
inclined blades B arranged in two annular rows. D Dare discs fixed upon the shaft C
so as to revolve therewith, by keys D' shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 1, and by nuts F.
On those faces of the discs that are near the walls or partitions B, are fixed a number
of concentric rings E, each formed with a number of inclined blades E' arranged in
annular rows, these blades E', being curved or angled in the opposite direction to the
fixed blades B. The annular rows of movable blades B³ are arranged to alternate
with those on the fixed rings E. The rings B2 and E are secured in any suitable
manner, it may be by set screws, in annular grooves formed in the walls or partitions B
and discs E respectively.
In the example illustrated each ring is made with parts of dovetail cross section and
the annular groove intended to receive the ring is made with parts of corresponding
cross sectional form and with the intervening parts of the groove of a width not less than
the full width of the base of the dovetail shaped ring. The ring may have say three
equal parts of the dovetail cross section and other three equal parts of narrower section
able to enter the narrowest part of the groove. With this construction the ring can
be placed in the groove with the dovetail parts of the ring in the wide open parts of the
groove, then by causing the ring to make a partial rotation in the groove the dovetail
shaped parts of the ring will be caused to enter the dovetail shaped parts of the
groove

page_text: and screws can be passed through the other parts of the ring into the substance of
the bed of the groove at the wide open parts of the groove, thus securely fixing the
ring.
Although in the drawings I have shewn each of the rings B¹ and E as provided
with two annular rows or sets of blades, yet I do not restrict myself to this number
of rows or sets for each ring, or to the number of rings.
The action of the motor is as follows:-The steam or other fluid enters at I and
passes to the centre of the motor as shewn by the arrows from whence it is free to
enter the spaces between the blades of the two innermost concentric rows of fixed
and movable blades and passing through these eventually passes successively through
all the other rows of fixed and movable blades until it reaches the outer periphery of
the discs and then passes to the exhaust passage K. In forcing its way through these
successive rows of blades, rapid motion is imparted to the discs D and through them
to the motor shaft C.
It is obvious that the motive fluid will if of steam or other fluid capable of expansion
be continuously expanded in its passage from the inner to the outer rows of blades;
and thus be utilized expansively.
I do not confine myself to the number of concentric rings with vanes or blades
nor to the number of revolving discs and fixed walls or partitions shewn in the
drawings, as each can be varied according to the pressure of motive fluid used, and
the amount of work to be done.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I do not
claim broadly a motor of the turbine class in which the actuating fluid flows radially
from the centre of the motor and acts successively upon concentric rings of
vanes or blades that are alternately fixed and movable, but that what I claim is :-
The hereinbefore described improved turbine motor constructed with rings B'
formed with blades B³ and fixed to the walls or partitions B and with rings E formed
with blades E and fixed to the discs D, the various parts constituting the motor being
constructed combined and arranged as specified with reference to and shewn in the
drawings annexed.
D
11 1
1 1000
WILLIAM CLARKE.
W. Lloyd Wise,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.