IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Anthoney Swinburne at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd July 1876...
THOMAS ANTHONEY SWINBURNE, of Torquay. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS."
This Invention has for its object the rendering an anchor reversible and easily
portable by its being constructed in such a manner as to be easily taken to pieces
and put together again. I make a double shank to the anchor in the following
manner. I take two pieces of iron of a similar length and of suitable thickness, and
in each of the four ends of such iron lengths I drill two holes. I then insert at the
top between such double shank an iron tongue, furnished with an iron ring at its top
for the purpose of attaching the cable thereto in the ordinary manner to raise and
lower the anchor. Such tongue has two corresponding holes formed therein similar
to those made in the top of the double shank, as before described. I then bolt the
two stems and the tongue together by suitable bolts, nuts, and washers.
A
At the further end between such double shank I insert a pair of anchor arms.
hole is drilled in the centre point of such arms; this hole corresponds with the lower
of the two holes drilled in the further end of the double shank. I then place over
the bottom of the double shank an iron shackle, also provided with two holes, and
secure such shackle shank and arms together by means of a stout iron bolt, nut, and
washer which passes through all three, and thus firmly holds them together. I then
pass through the upper hole in such double shank an ordinary iron stock, which
I secure with a suitable pin, and the anchor is thus complete. It will be at once
seen that to reverse the anchor it is only necessary to adjust the anchor arms at the
other end, as before described, and place the tongue and ring where the anchor arms
were.
Another arrangement is as follows :-I form the shank of a single iron bar round
in the centre and square at both ends. Through one of such ends I drill three holes
from back to front, and in the other end I drill three similar holes from side to side.
Over the upper one of either of such three holes I pass a square iron collar, and
secure the same by means of a suitable bolt, nut, and washer, which passes through
holes provided for that purpose in such metal collar. I then slip a pair of pickaxe
arms over the ends of the shank; such arms rest upon the metal collar just
described. A hole is drilled through at the side of the centre point of such pickaxe
arms, through which I pass a suitable bolt, nut, and washer, to secure the saine, and
through the lowest of the three holes formed in the shank of the anchor I insert a
Paino 11

page_text: second metal collar and bolt precisely similar to that already described, and previous
to securing it I pass an iron shackle over and secure all three firmly together by
means of a suitable bolt, nut, and washer. At the opposite end of the shank
I have a precisely similar arrangement, the anchor arms in this case serving to form
the stock of the anchor.
Another method of carrying out my Invention is to have a single iron shank
pierced with a hole at each end. I slip the anchor head over one end of such shank,
such head being provided with a hole drilled through its centre, through which I
pass the stock of the anchor, thereby firmly securing the head of the anchor, such
stock being made fast by a suitable pin or bolt, nut, and washer. At the other end
of the shank I fix a shackle by means of a bolt, nut, and washer, as before
described.
Another method of carrying out my Invention is to have a single shank with a
deep slot at each end, such slots being made in a contrary direction to each other.
Two holes are drilled in each fork of the slot, such holes being also reversed, that is
to say, two passing through from side to side and two from front to back, the head
of the anchor has two corresponding holes in its centre, and on placing the anchor
head in either of such slots I secure it therein by two bolts, as before mentioned,
and at the other end I attach a shackle by means of a bolt, nut, and washer, as
before described. In this arrangement only three bolts are required.
Another means of carrying out my Invention is as follows:-I take any suitable
shank and form a quarter twist therein, leaving the two ends perfectly square, and
cach having a hole therein formed in a contrary direction to each other.
On one
end thereof I place a pair of ordinary anchor arms having a square orifice in the
centre to permit of its fitting over the square end of the shank, after which I place
any suitable shackle over the same, and secure all three together by means of a bolt
and pin. Over the other end of the shank I slip a corresponding pair of anchor
arms, which in consequence of the quarter twist formed on the shank, as before
described, fall down and rest within the first-mentioned pair. To such second pair
of arms a double chain is attached in any suitable manner, by means of which chain
on launching the anchor such second pair of arms is drawn to the top of the shank,
and by means of the quarter twist therein it is caused to revolve a half turn, and so
forms the stock of the anchor. Such second pair of arms are prevented from
slipping over the upper end of the shank by means of a metal collar furnished with
two metal guides or sockets through which the double chain works, and which serve
to retain it in position, and after which I place a suitable shackle thereon, and
secure it by a bolt and pin or in any other suitable manner.
The great advantage is that when not in use the stock falling down lies in close
juxtaposition with the spade of the anchor, at the same time that it is reversible,
and is easily taken to pieces or put together as occasion may require..