An Improved Hook.
Year: 1892

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Hook.
We, GEBRÜDER SULZER of Winterthur in the Republic of Switzerland, Machine
Makers do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved hook which offers the advantage, as
compared with those at present in use, that it may be hooked with the greatest
ease in any suitable place in a link chain. When the hooks hitherto in use were
employed, it was necessary to attach, to the respective chains, large rings or links,
or to form the whole chain of wide links of a size to correspond to the dimensions
of the hook, in order to shorten the chain as required by means of the hook,
which is an indispensable property especially required for driving and casting
chains.
The ordinary hook hitherto employed may be regarded as an open link, which
is therefore required for securing the loop. As such a link is open at one side, it
must have at the dangerous points a 20 fold diameter to that of the chain iron in
order to enable it to sustain with equal security the maximum load apportioned to
the chain in question; for this reason, the narrow space of an ordinary chain link
would not, by a long way, suffice to enable such a hook to be hooked therein, and
so much the more as the preceding and subsequent links also diminish the narrow
space. The hooking of the ordinary hooks is, however, quite impossible in
so called strengthened links, that is to say, links provided with a cross bar, which
strengthened links allow of the greatest tensile strength with a comparatively
small weight, and are, therefore, more especially suitable for hand and fastening
purposes, on account of their smaller weight.
It is, however, well known that specially wide and long links subsequently
welded in, which allow the ordinary hooks to be hooked in, are productive of great
dangers and inconveniences which must accompany chains thus constructed.
Firstly, such links are more liable to bend exactly because they must be wide,
and must, therefore, be of stouter iron and consequently heavy and clumsy, and,
for that reason, are unhandy.
Secondly, the large subsequently welded links cannot be welded or made with
the same care as they are in the chain manufactories by means of special apparatus,
so that the danger of a breakage in chains fitted with such links is much more
probable.
Finally, such long links, if used in a binding chain, if perchance they rest on
a sharp edge, are inclined to bend and are then much more liable to break than
the ordinary links and are, therefore, thoroughly unsuitable. All these drawbacks
are removed by this improved hook, because it requires no specially large link for
hooking same in, but it may be hooked and unhooked over each separate link of
small link chains, and also those provided with cross bars. It affords, from the
above named reasons, not only a greater protection to the workmen engaged in
moving loads, but also, as the chains may be shortened and regulated as regards
length within the narrowest attainable limits, and the articles to be suspended may

page_text: be clutched more tightly, the danger of the slipping out and falling of the articles
to be transported in the sling chain is considerably diminished. This improved
hook, being independent of the internal size of the chain links, may, under all
circumstances, be made of such dimensions as to have a tensile strength equal or
even superior to that of the chain to which it is attached.
In this improved hook, the point actually engaging with the chain is cut out
or formed longitudinally to the latter in such a way that two points actually
result. The interstice remaining between the points of the hook. is made some-
what broader than the diameter of the round iron of the same amounts to, from
which there results a shackle chain suitable for the carrying power of the hook.
When the hook is used, one link of the chain rests edge upwards in the interstice
formed by the two points, whilst the next link, which stands at right angles to the
first, rests with both sides against one of the points so that the hook does not
engage in the link but over the same, this improved hook may be hooked and
unhooked without further trouble with ease in any link. The length of the chain
employed may, therefore, be regulated within the smallest given limits by the
length of one link.
This improved hook constitutes a not unimportant link in the long series of
apparatus for protecting workmen.
Dated this 15th day of August 1892.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Hook.
We, GEBRÜDER SULZER of Winterthur in the Republic of Switzerland
Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved hook which has the advantage, when
compared with hooks at present in use, that it may be hooked with the greatest
ease in any suitable place into a link chain. When the hooks hitherto in use were
employed, it was necessary to attach, to the respective chains, large rings or links,
or to form the whole chain of wide links of a size to correspond to the dimensions
of the hook, in order to shorten the chain as required by means of the hook,
which is an indispensable property especially required for driving and casting
chains.
The ordinary hook hitherto employed may be regarded as an open link, which is
therefore required for securing the loop. As such a link is open at one side, it
must have at the dangerous points a 20 fold diameter to that of the chain iron in
order to enable it to sustain with equal security the maximum load apportioned to
the chain in question; for this reason, the narrow space of an ordinary chain link
would not, by a long way, suffice to enable such a hook to be hooked therein, and
so much the more as the preceding and subsequent links also diminish the narrow
space. The hooking of the ordinary hooks is, however, quite impossible in
so called strengthened links, that is to say, links provided with a cross bar, which
strengthened links allow of the greatest tensile strength with a comparatively small
weight, and are, therefore, more handy and more especially suitable for fastening
purposes, on account of their smaller weight.
It is, however, well known that specially wide and long links subsequently
welded in, which allow the ordinary hooks to be hooked in thom, are productive of
great dangers and inconveniences which must accompany chains thus constructed.
Firstly, such links are more liable to bend exactly for the very reason that they
must be wide, and must, therefore, be of stouter iron and consequently heavy and
clumsy, and, for that reason, are unhandy.

page_text: WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicants.