vaporising and Distilling the same.
Year: 1885

page_text: vaporising and Distilling the same.
I, LIONEL HARVEY PEARCE, of Coalbourne Brook, Stourbridge, in the County of
Worcester, Artist, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for "IMPROVED
MEANS FOR HEATING LIQUIDS; APPLICABLE ALSO FOR VAPORISING AND DISTILLING
THE SAME" to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to provide means whereby water or other liquids
may be heated, and if necessary vaporised and subsequently distilled, under
circumstances where heat resulting from the combustion of fuel is not available.
For the purpose of my invention employ mechanical energy to generate friction
and apply the beat resulting therefrom to the liquid under treatment.
According to one mode of carrying out my Invention, I enclose the liquid to be
heated in an annular vessel against the side or sides of which is pressed a rotative
rubber. Upon the rubber being rotated, the friction of the same upon the side or
sides of the vessel containing the liquid generates sufficient heat to raise the
temperature of the said liquid, and under suitable conditions to vaporise the same.
The vapour may then be led through a coil immersed in water or other suitable
condensing apparatus, the process of distillation being thus effected.
By constructing the apparatus with a supply cistern and immersing the con-
densing coil therein, the heat extracted from the vapour may be utilised for raising
the temperature of the liquid about to be supplied to the heating vessel.
Apparatus of the kind described is specially applicable for service in small boats
at sea for the purpose of preparing from sea water small quantities of distilled
water for drinking purposes.
It will be obvious that apparatus constructed upon the principle and for the
purposes described might be designed in a variety of ways; although I prefer to
make the heating vessel annular in form and to apply friction to its exterior by
means of a rotative rubber or rubbers. The surface or surface of the vessel may be
corrugated or V-ribbed concentrically, and the rubber or rubbers correspondingly
formed. Or the surface of the heating vessel may be provided with prominences
alternating with depressions, in which case the friction is only applied to the
prominent parts, the heat generated at these parts being however more intense.
G. G. M. HARDINGHAM,
Agent for the Applicant,
191, Fleet Street, London, EC.

page_text: Vapourising and Distilling the same.
I, LIONEL HARVEY PEARCE, of Coalbourne Brook, Stourbridge, in the County of
Worcester, Artist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide means whereby water or other liquids
may be heated, and, if necessary, vapourised and subsequently distilled; the same
being specially applicable under circumstances where heat resulting from the
combustion of fuel is not available. For the purpose of this invention, I employ
mechanical energy to generate friction and apply the heat resulting therefrom to
the liquid under treatment.
Various forms of apparatus adapted for carrying this invention into effect may
be devised. As the result of experiment, I prefer the arrangement represented in
the accompanying drawings, of which Figs. 1. and 2. are vertical longitudinal and
transverse sections respectively and Fig. 3. a sectional plan on the liue Y Z (Fig. 1.)
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
.
In the present illustration of this invention, the liquid to be heated is contained
in a vessel, a, which may be cup-shaped as to its upper part. Its lower part
consists of a hollow stem, against the side of which the periphery of a wheel, b,
bears with a regulated pressure. The wheel, b, which may be of wood is mounted
on a spindle, c, carried in forked bearings dd of the moveable frame d. The
spindle c is provided at either or both extremities with a crank-handle, such as e,
whereby the wheel b may be rotated. The vessel a is carried in a block f, prefer-
ably of wood, secured in a portion of the fixed framing g, suitably formed for its
reception. The moveable frame d, is formed with an extension d, through which
an adjusting d passes; the extremity of the latter entering a socket f¹, formed in
the fixed frame, and bearing on a washer or other packing of a yielding character
with which the socket is lined. A stiff spiral spring may be substituted for the
packing if preferred. On tightening the screw d³, the moveable frame d, carrying
the spindle bearings dd, is caused to slide in the frame g, and to press the
periphery of the wheel b, against the side of the heating vessel c. his a wooden-
plank to which the whole apparatus is attached, and a shield for protecting the
underneath portions from injury.
The vessel a having been charged with liquid and the wheel b rotated, the
friction of the latter upon the surface of the vessel generates heat which is
communicated to the enclosed liquid.
The operation described may be continued to the extent of vapourising the
liquid, and the vapour evolved may be subsequently condensed. The apparatus
illustrated in the accompanying drawings includes means for this purpose and is of
the following description. The heating and evaporating vessel a is surmounted by

page_text: two or more concentric domes ke k¹, clad with flannel or other material adapted to
retain water or other cooling agent, which is fed to the exteriors of the domes by
means of the drip-nozzles i .
Instead of cleading the domes their outer surfaces may be roughened or
corrugated with a view to retaining the cooling agent. The domes kk¹ are enclosed
within a cylindrical chamber ³ in the upper portion of which is formed a supply
tank m for the cooling water. The tank m also supplies the heating vessel a, in a
manner which will be described hereafter. The vapour escaping from the vessel a
is condensed upon the inner surface of the dome k, and drains into the trough n
whence it passes by the conduit o to the delivery pipe p. During this process, the
dome becomes heated and causes a portion of the water applied to its exterior to
be evaporated. This vapour is in turn condensed upon the inner surface of the
dome ¹, and, draining into the trough n', finds its way by the conduit o¹ to the
delivery pipe p. A similar process of vapourization ensues from the exterior of
the dome ; this vapour being condensed upon the underside of the tank m and
the interior surface of the cylindrical chamber ; the product flowing from the
trough n² to the pipe pas before. The troughs n' n³ are inclined in the direction
of their outlet conduite communicating with the pipe p.
For supplying water to the exteriors of the domes kk the tank m is filled
through the orifice m¹. By applying the mouth to this orifice and flowing into the
tank, the water is caused to flow through the ducts q g' to the domes kle¹. Other
means may, however, be employed to produce an air pressure slightly exceeding
that of the atmosphere upon the surface of the liquid in the tank m. The shoulder
of each of the domes kis furnished with a ring operating to intercept or check
the water when the flannel or other covering is dry and when there would be a
tendency for the water to flow over the surface of the covering without properly
moistening it.
The heating vessel a may be supplied with liquid in various modes. In the
apparatus represented in the accompanying drawings; it is assumed that water is
the liquid under treatment. In such a case, I prefer to supply the said vessel with
the overflow from the cooling water applied to the exterior of the dome, this
water having already had its temperature considerably raised. The manner in
which communication is effected will be best understood on reference to Fig. 2.
The water draining from the exterior of the dome k, is received in the trough rand
flows by a pipe 2, to a receptacle 8. This receptacle is mounted on a vertical
pivot, and is provided at its lower extremity with a nozzles suitably formed for
making a tight joint upon the inlet to the heating vessel. The lower extremity of
the latter bends laterally, as shewn, and terminates in a mouth against which the
said nozzle is forced by means of the set-screw t fitted in a portion of the frame g.
This arrangement is more particularly adapted for use with liquids, such as salt
water, containing a large amount of impurity, which, on being precipitated, requires
periodical removal.
In order to facilitate the withdrawal of the vessel a and receptacles for cleansing
or other purposes, the chamber is mounted upon an arm u pivotted at u. Upon
the removal of the fastening 2, the chamber ³ (carrying upon the internal ring v
the domes kle¹) may be raised and turned back; the orifice m¹, being meantiine
temporarily closed to prevent the escape of liquid from the tank m.
It will be obvious that the heating apparatus might be designed in a variety of
ways other than that I have particularly described; and that the condensing
apparatus is also capable of various modifications. For instance, the vapour might
be passed through a coil immersed in the supply tank, the heat extracted during
the process of condensation being absorbed by the liquid about to be supplied to
the heating vessel.
Apparatus of the kind described is specially applicable for service in small boats
at sea for the purpose of preparing from sen-water small quantities of distilled
water for drinking purposes.

page_text: Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I claim
1. The improved means for heating or vapourising liquids by the application of
mechanical energy to produce friction, substantially as herein described.
2. The improved means for distilling liquids, substantially as herein described
and comprising apparatus for generating heat by means of friction and appliances
for condensing the vapour evolved.