IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONE RECEIVERS OR TRANSMITTERS
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles August Teske at the dice
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th September 1882.
CHARLES AUGUST TESKE of No. 4. Rose Hill Road, Wandsworth, In the
County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONE RECEIVERS OR TRANSMITTERS
"
The construction of electro or permanent inagnetic telephone receivers or
transmitters in which the armature, plate, diaphragm or tympan is dispensed with
and a vibrating medium takes its place.
I make use of the vibration of the electro or permanent magnet or magnets alone
(which results from the human voice or from any musical instrument or otherwise)
One pole of the magnet or magnets above referred to forming the vibrating
medium.
The magnet itself or the several magnets can be of any shape, and electro or
permanent and the pole which is formed by the sound waves can be also of any
shape, to form the vibrating medium.
I construct the magnet or magnets in such a manner that the neutral part or
parts of the magnet form the vibrating medium as shown by my drawing
figures 2. 3 and 4.
In all previous systems of constructing telephone receivers or transmitters in
which an electro or permanent magnet or magnets were used, the sonorous vibrations
received were due, either to the motion of an iron diaphragm, tympan, disc or
plate secured at its edges in a wooden resonant box or screwed at the poles of a
magnet but little or nothing has been done to cause the magnet itself to form the
vibrating medium.
Figure 1. is to represent a telephone receiver or transmitter of a tubular form,
made of two halves of a tube held together by a coil, or composed of a tube, having
for its south pole the face of the vibrating medium. The core of the magnet forins
the north pole and with its coils fills up the entire interior of the tube, so
that the two poles are on one side of the coils and the neutral line on the other.
The said core is so adjusted that it can be regulated at will with the aid of a watch
key for the production of the most satisfactory and sonorous results.
Another part of my invention is the arrangement of the wires. All my coils
are wound in cable form and I employ the secondary wire only, twisting six wires

page_text: together-four of which branch off for the local battery circuit or circuits (thus
increasing the sensitiveness of the magnet and consequently the distinctness of the
sound) the other two forming the induced current for the line. The cable which
forms the coils is wound round the magnet or magnets, the portion of the coils near
the poles being chiefly composed of the two wires for the induced current which
are afterwards again wound, with the four others, round the core (thus entirely
filling up the inside of the tube) and continuing this on the outer magnet as shown
in my drawing.
In case of the breakage of one of the said wires, I have arranged to place, in that
part of the apparatus where the wires leave the coils, a connection screw to each
wire and each wire may be covered with an insulating material of a different
colour, in order to facilitate its repair as shown by figures 1. and 5. I also fix at
each pole of the magnet half a wooden reel for the purpose of preventing the wire
from falling down and use as well the cable form composed only of multiple
secondary wires for the battery and line circuit. I sometimes also employ for the
primary iron wire, with secondary wire coiled round it, which said primary, with its
secondary, is again wound round the magnet or magnets to form the coils as shown
by my drawings. By employing iron wire the magnetic power is increased-its
coils forming in themselves a magnetic field.
In figure 1. the south pole or vibrating medium is turned or pressed out to the
thickness most likely to give the best result and placed in the immediate
neighbourhood of the north pole.
In my telephone receiver or transmitter, the vibrating medium may be made of any
shape, (though in my drawings it is of a circular form) and may be composed of one
solid piece of iron or steel. Thus, contrary to all other existing telephone receivers
or transmitters, mine is without the usual diaphragm secured at its edges or strained
between the inner edges of a wooden resonant box and it is the rim of the magnet
alone which in my receiver or transmitter rests against the upper part of the
resonant box or sounder as shown by figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8. I also prefer that the
entire top of the resonant box should be flat and thin, resting against the ear and
having a hole in the centre for the egression or ingress of sound and a piece of clothi
or other material stretched between the rim of the resonant box and the magnet
for the purpose of improving the sound-at the same time allowing perfect freedom
of action to the vibrating medium which is placed at a little distance from the
afore-mentioned aperture with the object above referred to. The resonant box may
be made of wood or other suitable material and of the shape described in my
drawing.
Figure 2. is a kind of telephone receiver or transmitter in which I make use of
the neutral line of the magnet for the purpose of forming the face of the vibrating
medium as herein described, the two poles of the magnet being turned inwards
thus
S
N
as shown by my drawing in which A refers to the
resonant box; B to the magnet; C. to the coils; E to the vibrating medium or the
neutral line of the magnet; D. to the connections as shown by figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
and 8 the whole being enclosed in a resonant box as shown by my drawing.
Figure 3. represents one of my telephone receivers or transmitters in which the
two poles of the magnet are directed towards the centre of the vibrating medium
thus
placing between the two poles a piece of brass or other
metal in order to prevent the passage of the magnetism from one pole to the other.
The coils are wound as herein described and the whole is enclosed in a resonant box
of the shape shown in my drawing.
Figure 4. is a telephone receiver for pocket use which differs from the others in
that upon each side of the face of the vibrating medium (which forms the

page_text: neutral line) is a pole, the magnet itself being in the form of an
The coils are wound in the manner before described, the south pole being of &
tubular form and the north pole solid or vice versa. The wires surrounding one of
these poles pass through the magnet which is studded with ivory buttons in order
to prevent metallic contact. The resonant box is of an oval shape and is screwed
together as shown in the drawing. In the latter A. refers to wond; B. to the
magnet; C. to the coils; D. to the connection screws; E. to the vibrating medium
which forms the neutral line.
Figure 5. Represents the mode of connecting the line and battery wires to the
apparatus.
Figures 6, 7 and 9. represent the mode of winding the wires in cable form for
the construction of coils.
Figure 8. is a small telephone receiver for pocket use in testing, having its two
poles directed towards the centre of the face of the vibrating medium which forms
the neutral line and one single coil round the two poles of the magnet is divided
by brass in the centre as before described-the whole being secured in a resonant
box of the shape shown in the drawing.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the said invention,
I would have it understood that my clain is--
First. The construction of telephone receivers or of telephone transmitters
in which a permanent or electro magnet or magnets with branch poles of any
kind or shape are employed-the enlarged face of one pole or poles forming the
vibrating medium as represented by figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8 in my drawing and as
herein described.
Second. The construction of telephone receivers or transmitters in which the
extended poles of a magnet or magnets (electro or permanent) are turned
or pressed out to the thickness necessary for vibration, leaving a thicker rim
surrounding in order to give solidity to the magnet or magnets and to prevent the
entire poles from vibrating. The vibratory current which is sent through the coils
causes the attraction and repulsion of the thin part of the pole or poles of the
magnet or magnets or vibrating medium as shown by my drawings and as herein
described.
Third. The construction of telephone receivers in which the neutral line or
part of the magnet or magnets is extended and employed as the vibrating medium,
having the two poles of the said magnet or magnets at the one side of the said
neutral line, or one of the said poles upon each side of the said neutral line as
shown by figure 4. in my drawing and as herein described.
Fourth. The construction of telephone receivers or transmitters in which the
local battery or batteries are arranged in single or multiple circuit or circuits for
the transmission or reception of more than one message when desired.
Fifth. The construction of telephone receivers or transmitters in which the coils
are wound in cable form and multiple wires employed of any thickness or
description and in any way insulated (separately or otherwise) as represented in
figures 6, 7 and 9. in my drawing and as herein described.
Sixth. The construction of telephone receivers or transmitters substantially the
same as represented by figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 of my drawing and as
herein described.