Improvements in Locks.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 22nd July, 1889-Accepted, 24th Aug., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks. :
1 CHARLES DOHRN DOUGLAS of 15 Queenhithe London in the county of Middlesex,
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My object is to provide a rim or mortice lock, which shall be ready for use in any
position either right or left hand, or right or left hand reversed, and in which the
key may always be introduced and act in the customary way in every position in
which the lock is placed without altering or displacing any portion of the mechanism.
Locks made in accordance with my invention may be constructed with either
one or two bolts, when two are employed one acts as a latch bolt and the other as a
locking bolt, (that is the locking mechanism operates to fix one of the bolts which I
call the locking bolt) and a modification of the two bolt lock is the type which 1
employ in adapting my invention for use on railway carriage doors. These locks are
also so designed that the bolts may be locked back for use as night latches and other
purposes, and the use of a thumb catch avoided.
In the hand actuated mechanism that I employ for locks for household purposes, I
construct the follower through which the spindle passes with two arms and the tail
of the bolt (or where two bolts are used the tail of the locking bolt) with corresponding
projections, thus whichever way the follower is turned it withdraws the bolt, or the
locking bolt as the case may be ; and when two bolts are employed I construct the
tail end of the latch bolt with a catch which engages with a 'corresponding catch on
the tail of the locking bolt just as the locking bolt is drawn within the case and then
by a further slight turn of the handle the latch bolt is also withdrawn, if preferred
this extra turn of the handle may be avoided by employing a striking plate without
any recess for the latch bolt. The follower is also provided with stops or recesses
into which a lever on the tail of the latch bolt (which is pivoted in the lock case)
engages and holds the locking bolt back until the latch bolt comes in contact with
the striking plate in closing the door, which drives it back and releases the locking
bolt.
In the mechanism which I employ for railway locks I make the follower with a
single arm for working in one direction only, and I arrange the pivoted lover and
latch bolt either, so that an extra turn of the handle is necessary to free the latch
bolt from the recess in the striking plate, in order to open the door, or by making the
striking plate without a recess the door may be opened without the extra turn of the
handle.
The locking mechanism which I employ consists of an improved arrangement of
levers and plate, one or other of which are or is provided with three or more recesses
for a corresponding stud or studs upon the other to engage with, and the key hole is
made with two ways so that the key can be introduced and turned in the customary
way in whichever position the lock may be.
Dated this Twentyfirst day of September 1888.
RADA
A. H. REED,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locks.
I CHARLES DOHRN DOUGLAS of 15 Queenhithe in the county of Middlesex,
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My object is to provide.
First, a rim or mortise lock which shall be ready for use in any position either
right or left hand or right or left hand reversed and in which the key may always
be introduced and act in the customary way in every position in which the lock is
placed without altering or displacing any of the mechanism, these locks may be
constructed with one or two bolts.
Second, an arrangement of mechanism by which the locking bolts may be locked
back for use as night, latches and other purposes and the use of a thumb catch
avoided.
Third, a two bolt lock in which the action of shutting the door shall cause the
locking bolt to shoot out.
A modified form of this lock is the one which 1 employ for railway and other
carriage doors, but without the locking mechanism although a modified form of this
may be added if desired.
Referring now to the accompanying drawings Figures I and II represent single and
two bolt rim locks in both of which the locking mechanism is clearly shown, the bolts
in Figure II which cover it being dotted-Figures III IV V represent views of
carriage locks and Figure VI a striking plate.
In Figures I and II A represents the follower, through which the spindle passes,
having two arms which when the handle is turned engage with corresponding
projections on the tail of the bolt B as shown, thus whichever way the handle is
turned the bolt B is withdrawn-In Figures III and IV the follower A has a single
projection as shown which engages with the bolt B and when the handle is turned
withdraws it or it is shot as the case may be.
The locking mechanism which I employ is shown in Figures I and II. C repre-
sents a sliding plate which works up and down upon suitable guide pins D1 D2 and
is provided with suitable studs C and C2, so arranged that they shall engage with
the studs B1 B2 figure I or B¹ figure II upon B, and upon either side of them
dependant upon whether the bolt is to be locked out or back. Upon C a third
stud is provided in figure 1 while in figure II three recesses take the place of
the stud and are shown dotted under the lever E. Upon the guide pin D' the
lever Eis pivoted and is provided as shown in figure I with three recesses to engage
with the pin C3 while in figuro II a stud E is provided to engage with the three
rocesses in C.-F is the double ended keyhole-The usual springs, wards &c. are
provided as required similar to those used in ordinary locks.
The action of the locking mechanism is as follows-the key is introduced in the usual
manner in whichever position the lock is placed and on being turned pushes back
the lever E thereby releasing the plate C from its connection with E and at the
same time engaging with one of the notches (or Cthus lifting or lowering C
dependant upon which way it is turned; when the bolt is unlocked the stud® C³
in figure I, or E' in figure II will be in the centre of the three notches with which
it engages, and in turning the key for locking the bolt (either in or out) will be
moved until the studs (Cengage with the studs on B and the bolt is thus
secured.
Figures II III IV V show different forms of the two bolt lock, in figures II
and III a second bolt G and lever H pivoted as shown are provided, while in
figures IV V the pivoted latch I takes the place of G and H, the necessary
springs etc. are provided as shown-The action is as follows-the door being shut the
bolts B and G (or in the arrangement shown in figure IV the latch 1) will be shot,

page_text: and the bolt B may be locked if desired. In order to open the door the handle is
turned causing the follower A to withdraw B and by means of the notch A¹ (or A³
figure II) to engage with H¹ on the pivoted levers H or I thus securing the bolt B
within the lock case and by a further slight turn of A the bolt G is also withdrawn
(or I in figure IV); in figures III and IV this is caused by the point H³ running up
the incline of the notch A and in figure II by B2 engaging with G' and withdrawing
it: the door may now be opened and as G or I leave the striking plate H' again
engages with A and holds back the bolt B. If desired the striking plate may be
made without any hole for bolt G as shown in figure VI and the bolt B may then
be made of such a length that the extra turn of the handle cannot be made, which is
preferred by some railway companies. In shutting the door, bolts G or latch I come
in contact with the striking plate and are driven back thus disengaging H¹ from A¹
or A2 and allowing the springs which press upon bolt B to come into action and
drive it out, the carrier A acting as a stop in figure II while in figure III the stud K
comes in contact with K' on the lock case when the handle will be horizontal.
When the arrangement shown in figures IV and V is employed the follower A being
in two parts as shown and K in contact with K¹ the handle will still stand at an
angle and a slight extra turn will be necessary to bring it into a horizontal position,
this is allowed for by the turning of the part marked a in the part marked a¹ without
moving the bolt B until the face on a comes in contact with the face c on a¹, and
this arrangement is preferred by some railway companies.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is-
1. The arrangement of mechanism by which one and the same rim or mortise may
be used in any position either right or left hand or right or left hand reversed, and
in which the key for locking shall always be introduced and act in the customary
way without altering or displacing any of mechanism, substantially as shown and
described.
2. In rim or mortise locks the lever or levers E having three or more recesses
for the stud upon the vertical sliding plate C to engage in substantially as shown in
figure I and for the purposes described.
3. In rim or mortise locks the plate Chaving three or more recesses for the stud
upon the lever E to engage with substantially as shown in figure II and for the
purpose described.
4. The arrangement in rim or mortise locks of a bolt B in combination with a
vertical sliding plate whereby the said bolt B may be locked or fixed either shot
out or withdrawn as desired whereby the action of turning the key shall fix the bolt
but not shoot it substantially as shown and described.
5. In rim or mortise locks the combination of a follower A bolts B and G and
lover H substantially as shown in figures II and III and for the purpose
described.
6. In rim and mortise locks the combination of a follower A, bolt B, and pivoted
latch I as shown in figures IV and V and for the purpose described.
7. The employment of a bolt B substantially as shown in figure III with which
a striking plate having no hole for the latch bolt is used substantially as and for the
purposes described.
8. The use of a double follower A substantially as shown in figures IV and V as
and for the purpose described.