IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF EARS FOR BUCKETS AND OTHER VESSELS AND ARTICLES HAVING BAIL HANDLES, AND IN TOOLS OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE SAID MANUFACTURE."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edgar Isaac Henry Edward Whitehouse, of Coseley, in
the County of Stafford, Manufacturer, and Joseph Trubshaw Whitehouse, of
Coseley aforesaid, Mining Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF EARS FOR BUCKETS AND OTHER VESSELS AND ARTICLES
HAVING BAIL HANDLES, AND IN TOOLS OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE
SAID MANUFACTURE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edgar Isaac Henry Edward
Whitehouse and Joseph Trubshaw Whitehouse at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents on the 13th May 1880.
EDGAR ISAAC HENRY EDWARD WHITEHOUSE, of Coseley, in the County of
Stafford, Manufacturer, and JOSEPH TRUBSHAW WHITEHOUSE, of Coseley aforesaid,
Mining Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF EARS FOR BUCKETS
AND OTHER VESSELS AND. ARTICLES HAVING BAIL HANDLES, AND IN TOOLS OR
APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE SAID MANUFACTURE."
In the ordinary methods of manufacturing the said ears they are made of
wrought iron by hand forging, or of the annealed cast iron commonly called
malleable iron by the process of casting..
In manufacturing the said ears, according to our Invention, we roll strips or bars
of iron having in cross section the figure which the finished ear has in longitudinal
section, that is, we roll strips or bars thick on one edge and tapering to the other
edge, the said strips or bars being of a breadth equal to the length of the ears to be
made, and having a cranked or bent part near their thicker edge, by which that
edge is brought into a different plane from that in which the other part of the bar
is situated. The planes in which the two parts of the bar are situated are, however,
parallel.
+
By means of a pair of dies or cutting tools of the requisite shape we cut from the
said bars pieces having the figure of the ears to be made. These pieces have the
required holes afterwards pierced in them. The acting faces of the dies or cutting
tools are not flat, but have the bent figure of the strip or bar to be operated upon.
Or instead of rolling the iron of the figure described, it may be rolled without
the cranked or bent part described. Iron of this kind may be cut up into partially
formed ears by a pair of plain or flat cutting dies or tools, and the required crank
or bend be given by a subsequent operation, or the uncranked bar may be cut up
by means of the cutting tools hereinbefore described having bent faces. By the
action of the said tools the ears are cut out from the uncranked bar, and are cranked
as well as cut out by the said cutting dies or tools.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edgar Isaac Henry Edward Whitehouse and Joseph Trubshaw
Whitehouse in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th November 1880.
EDGAR ISAAC HENRY EDWARD WHITEHOUSE, of Coseley, in the County of Stafford,
Manufacturer, and JOSEPH TRUBSHAW WHITEHOUSE, of Coseley aforesaid, Mining
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF EARS FOR BUCKETS AND
OTHER VESSELS AND ARTICLES HAVING BAIL HANDLES, AND IN TOOLS OR APPARATUS
TO BE EMPLOYED IN THE SAID MANUFACTURE."
In the ordinary methods of manufacturing the said ears they are made of
wrought iron by hand forging, or of the annealed cast iron commonly called
malleable iron by the process of casting.
In manufacturing the said ears, according to our Invention, we roll strips or bars
of iron having in cross section the figure which the finished ear has in longitudinal
section, that is, we roll strips or bars thick on one edge and tapering to the other
edge, the said strips or bars being of a breadth equal to the length of the cars to be
made, and having a cranked or bent part near their thicker edge, by which that
edge is brought into a different plane from that in which the other part of the bar
is situated. The planes in which the two parts of the bar are situated are, however,
parallel.
By means of a pair of dies or cutting tools of the requisite shape we cut from
the said bars pieces having the figure of the ears to be made. These pieces have
the required holes afterwards pierced in them. The acting faces of the dies or
cutting tools are not flat, but have the bent figure of the strip or bar to be operated
upon.
Or instead of rolling the iron of the figure described it may be rolled without the
cranked or bent part described. Iron of this kind may be cut up into partially
formed ears by a pair of plain or flat cutting dies or tools, and the required crank
or bend be given by a subsequent operation, or the uncranked bar may be cut up
by means of the cutting tools herein before described having bent faces.
By the action of the said tools the ears are cut out from the uncranked bar, and
are cranked as well as cut out by the said cutting dies or tools.
We will now describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner
in which our Invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in end elevation, and Figure 2 in plan a rolled strip or bar
of iron having the sectional form which we prefer to use in carrying our Invention
into effect. The said strip or bar consists of a thick middle part a, and thinner
side parts b, c, the said side parts b, c, tapering from the thick middle part a, as seen
in Figure 1. The thick middle part a of the strip joins the thinner tapering parts
b, c, on either side of it by cranked or bent parts d, d, so that the said thin side
parts b, c, are situated in a different plane from that in which the middle thick part
a is situated, as exhibited in Figure 1, where it will be seen that the middle and
side parts a, b, c, are situated in parallel planes.
The combined breadth of the middle thicker part a and the thin tapering side
part 6 or c is equal to the length of the ears to be made, and the said parts a, b, and
a, c, have in cross section the figure which the finished car has in longitudinal
section.
Figure 3 represents in elevation the pair of dies or tools which we employ for
cutting out the partially made ears from the strip, Figures 1 and 2, or the other
strips hereinafter described, and Figure 4 is a plan of the underface of the upper
tool or die; the said dies are marked e and f. The upper die e is carried by the
screw or bolt of a press, and the lower die f is fixed on the bed of the press. The
cutting edges of the two dies e, f, have the figure represented in the plan, Figure 4.

page_text: The acting faces of the two dies e, f, are not flat, but have figures nearly the
counterpart of the strip, Figures 1 and 2, to be operated upon, that is to say,
across the acting face of the upper die e is a shoulder d² joining the two planes on
the face of the die, and in the acting face of the lower die f is a depression d₁³d³,
in which the cranked middle part a of the strip fits during the cutting out opera-
tion. The strip, Figures 1 and 2, being placed on the lower die f in the position
represented in Figure 3, the upper die e is brought down and cuts out from the said
strip a partly made ear, as illustrated in Figure 5, that is, a piece having the
external figure of the finished ear. The part of the upper die e is made slightly
convex on its acting face, so that the partly made car besides being cut out is also
bent, so as to give a slightly curved figure to that part of the ear which is fixed to
the bucket or other vessel. The ear pieces are cut from the strip in the manner
indicated in dotted lines in Figure 2, that is, a series being cut from the middle
part a and side part c, and the strip being turned endwise, another series is cut
from the middle part a and side part 6, or the side parts b, c, are alternately
presented to the part of the upper die c.
The cut out and shaped ear pieces of the kind represented in Figure 5 are next
pierced with holes, as illustrated in Figure 6, the holes g, g, g, being for the purpose
of rivetting the ear to the bucket or other vessel, and the hole in the cranked
part of the ear forming a loop in which one end of the bail handle works, as is well
understood.
We prefer to pierce the holes g, g, g, h, in the ear at one operation by means of a
compound punching tool having four cutting pegs and holes."
Instead of employing a strip of the sectional form represented in Figures 1 and
2, a strip of the sectional form represented in Figure 7 may be used. The strip,
Figure 7, is thick on one edge a and tapers to the other thinner edge c, the two
parts a, e, being joined by a cranked or bent part d. Strips of this kind have a
breadth equal to the length of the ears to be made.
In carrying our Invention into effect, strips either of the form of Figures 1 and
2 or Figure 7 may be employed, and the ears cut out and shaped from them by the
same tools, Figures 3 and 4. We prefer however to use strips of the shape repre-
sented in Figures 1 and 2, as there is less scrap produced than in using strips of the
form represented in Figure 7.
Or the strips may be rolled of the sectional form represented in Figures 8 and
9, that is, without a cranked part or cranked parts. Strips of the sectional forms
represented in Figures 8 and 9 are cut up into partly formed ears by the use of a
plain or flat faced pair of dies or tools, and the required crank or bend is given by
a subsequent operation; or the uncranked bars or strips, Figures 8 and 9, may be
cut up and shaped by means of the cutting tools or dies represented in Figures 3
and 4. By the action of the said tools the ears are cut out from the uncranked
strips, and at the same time are cranked and shaped by the said tools into the form
represented in Figure 5. The partly made ears are cut from the strip Figure 8,
having a thick middle part and tapering edges, in the same way as the ear pieces are
cut from the strip Figures 1 and 2, so as to avoid as much as possible the making of
scrap or waste.
Having now described the nature of our Invention and the manner in which the
same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we claim as our
Invention of "Improvements in the Manufacture of Ears for Buckets and other
Vessels and Articles having Bail Handles, and in Tools or Apparatus to be
Employed in the said Manufacture,"
First. Making the said ears by cutting and shaping them from rolled strips or
bars of iron, having the sectional forms represented in Figures 1, 2, and 7 of the
accompanying Drawing, that is to say, from rolled strips or bars having a thick
middle part and thinner tapering edges, or from rolled strips or bars thick on one
edge and tapering to the other edge, the tapering edge or edges being joined to the
thick part by a crank or bend or bends, for the purpose and substantially as
described and illustrated.

page_text: Secondly. Making the said ears from rolled strips or bars of iron having the
sectional forms represented in Figures 8 and 9 of the accompanying Drawing, the
ear pieces being cut out from the uncranked bars or strips by a pair of flat cutting
dies or tools, and cranked or bent by a subsequent operation, or cut out, cranked,
and shaped by the use of the cutting tools represented in Figures 3 and 4.
Thirdly. The construction of the pair of cutting dies or tools herein before
described and illustrated in Figures 3 and for cutting out and shaping the ear
pieces from rolled bars or strips of iron having the sectional forms described and
represented in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, we, the said Edgar Isaac Henry Edward Whitehouse
and Joseph Trubshaw Whitehouse, have hereunto set our hands and seals,
this Second day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
EDGAR ISAAC HENRY EDWARD WHITEHOUSE. (L.S.)
JOSEPH TRUBSHAW WHITEHOUSE.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
(L.S.)