Improvement in Grinding Machines.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Mar.. 1896
Complete Specification Left, 17th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 13th June, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Grinding Machines.
I, JOHN COYNE, residing at 231 Dinwiddie Street, in Pittsburg, in the County
of Allegheny, State of Pennsylvania, and United States of America, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention described herein relates to certain improvements in grinding
machines, and has for its object a construction and arrangement of mechanism
whereby a large number of articles, whether alike or differing in shape, may be
operated on simultaneously, as for example, in my improved machine, some of the
tools may be employed in grinding or polishing hollow articles, as frying pans, some
in grinding or polishing colter disks, and some in grinding or polishing glass or
stone articles, the operation on the several articles being carried on simultaneously,
or all the tools may be employed on the same class of articles, some for coarse
grinding, some for smoothing, and some for polishing.
In the practice of my invention, I provide two frames, each having a series of
radial arms, and supported a suitable distance apart. The outer ends of the arms
of the two frames are provided with tubular bosses, forming bearings for vertical
shafts. These vertical shafts are provided with pulleys around which are passed
belts, said belts passing around guide pulleys arranged intermediate of the arms
and around central driving pulleys. One or more of the guide pulleys are mounted
in adjustable bearings for regulating the tension of the belt. The central pulleys
are driven so as to rotate the vertical shafts on the upper frame in one direction
and those on the lower frame in the opposite direction. On the lower ends of the
shafts mounted in the upper frame are secured suitable grinding or polishing tools,
and the upper ends of the shafts carried by the lower frame are provided with
suitable work holders, the construction of the work holders being dependent upon
the class of articles to be operated upon. The shafts in the lower arms are so
mounted as to be capable of vertical movement by means of a suitable lever or
other device, and at the same time, to rotate with their driving pulleys, thereby
affording opportunity for the adjustment of the article to be ground towards and
from the grinding tools. The bearings for the shafts carried by the lower frame,
are adjustably mounted on the arms of said frame, so as to permit of the operation
of the grinding tool on different parts of the surface of the article operated on;
and further, when it is desired to grind articles which have some of the portions of
their surface at an angle to other portions thereof, such as colter disks, the work
holder is adjustably mounted on the ends of the lower shafts, and the angular
adjustment of such work holders may be effected by means of a vertically
adjustable supporting roller, on which the work holder will rest near one edge
thereof.
Dated this Fifth day of Marah A D 1906

page_text: J, JOHN COYNE, a citizen of the United States, residing at 231 Dinwiddie
Street in Pittsburg, in the County of Allegheny, State of Pennsylvania, and
United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The invention described herein relates to certain improvements in grinding-
machines, and has for its object a construction and arrangement of mechanism
whereby a large number of articles, whether alike or differing in shape, may be
operated on simultaneously-as, for example, in my improved machine some of the
tools may be employed in grinding or polishing hollow articles, as frying-pans,
some in grinding or polishing colter-lisks, and some in grinding or polishing glass
or stone articles, the operations on the several articles being carried on
simultaneously, or all the tools may be employed on the same articles, some for
coarse grinding, some for smoothing, and some for polishing. In general terms the
invention consists in the construction and combination of mechanical devices or
elements, all as more fully hereinafter described and claimed.
In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this Specification,
Figure 1 is a top plan view of the upper frame or portion of my improved
machine.
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation on the line xx, Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a similar view, the plane section being indicated by the line y y, Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view, the plane of section being indicated by the
line z z, Fig. 2.
Figs. 5 and 6 are sectional detail views on an enlarged scale, of the work-holder
and grinding-tool, showing the manner of securing and operating on different
articles,
Fig. 64 is a detail section on the line vv, Fig. 6.
Figs. 7 and 8 are sectional details on the lines u u, Fig. 3, and tt, Fig. 2,
respectively.
In the practice of my invention 1 provide two frames 1 and 2, each having a
series of radial arms 3 and 4. These frames are held in proper relation to each
other by hollow pillars 5 and bolts 6, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, and the machine
is supported by legs 7. The outer ends of the arms 3 of the upper frame are
provided with tubular bosses 8, forming bearings for the vertical shafts 9, which
are held in position by collars 10, bearing against the lower ends of the bosses, and
nuts 11, screwing onto threaded studs on the ends of the shafts and bearing on one
end of the hubs of the pulleys 12, keyed to the shafts, as shown in Fig. 2. Grinding
or polishing tools suitable for the work to be performed are removably secured to
the lower ends of the shafts 9. These shafts with their tools are rotated by means
of a belt 13, passing around a central pulley 14, the pulleys 12, and the tension and
guide pulleys 15 and 16, as shown in Fig. 1. This belt 13 passes outside the
pulleys 12 and inside of the pulleys 15 and 16, one, two, or more of which,
dependent upon the size of the machine, are so mounted as to maintain a tension
upon the belt 13. In order to keep the belt in position, all the pulleys above
referred to have flanges 17 on their lower edges, thereby preventing any slipping
down of the belt. The guide-pulleys 16 are loosely mounted in Fig.
upon the
upper ends of vertical posts 18, which are firmly secured at their lower ends to
the frame 1, preferably at points midway between two adjacent arms carrying the
grinding-tools.

page_text: The tension-pulleys 15 are loosely mounted on the upper ends of vertical
posts 19, which are secured at their lower ends to blocks 20, fitting in sockets 21,
formed on or attached to the frame 1 at points midway between adjacent arms 3.
The blocks 20 are yieldingly held within the sockets 21 by means of springs 22,
which are preferably made in the form of leaf-spring, as shown, having one end
secured to the frame 1 and the opposite end in engagement with the eyes of
bolts 23, said bolts passing through the ends of the sockets and being adjustably
attached to the blocks by means of nuts 24 in Figs. 3 and 7.
In placing the belt around the pulleys, it is made sufficiently tight to draw the
blocks 20 outward, the belt, as before stated, passing behind the pulleys 15, and
thereby insuring a sufficient tension on the belt. The central or driving pulley 14
is loosely mounted on a suitable journal formed on the upper end of a post or
pillar 25, firmly secured to the frame 1, and on the same journal below the pulley 14
is loosely mounted a beveled pinion 26, which may be formed integral with the
pulley; or the hubs of the pulley and pinion may be interlocked by suitable
recesses and projections, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. The pinion 26 and pulley 14
are driven by means of a beveled pinion 27 on the power-shaft 28, which is mounted
in suitable bearings 29, formed on the frame 1. This shaft 28 is provided with fast
and loose pulleys 30 and 31, and is driven by a belt 57 from a suitably-arranged
power-pulley. (Not shown.) A pulley 32 is also keyed to the shaft 28 and power
is transmitted therefrom by means of a belt 33 to a pulley 30 on the shaft 28,
which is mounted in suitable bearings 29" on the under side of the frame 2. On the
inner end of the shaft 28 is keyed a beveled pinion 27, intermeshing with a
corresponding pinion 26%, which together with a pulley 14 is mounted on a suitable
journal formed on the lower end of depending shaft 34, having its upper end secured
to the frame 2. The pulley 14" and pinion 26 are either formed integral with
each other or interlocked in the same manner as the pulley 14 and pinion 26.
Power is transmitted from the pulley 14" to the driving-pulleys 12" by means of a
belt 13, passing around said pulleys and also around tension and guide pulleys 15*
and 16, as shown in Fig. 4. The tension and guide pulleys 15 and 16 are
mounted in the same manner as the pulleys 15 and 16 except in an inverted
position-i.e., the pulleys are loosely mounted on the lower ends of pillars 18"
and 19, whose upper ends are secured to the frame 2 and to movable blocks 20",
respectively. The tubular bosses 8, forming the bearings for the shafts 9", are
formed on blocks 35, fitting in sockets 36, formed in the ends of the radial arms 4.
This construction permits of the adjustment of the bosses and with them of the
work-holders 37 on the upper ends of the shafts 9".
The blocks are held from removal from and rotation in their sockets 36 by
blocks 38, fitting in the slots 39 and held in position by screws 40, or said blocks,
as shown in Fig. 8, may be held in their adjusted positions by clamps consisting of
bars 38, extending across the slots 39 in the walls of the sockets, and screws 40,
passing through the bars and entering the blocks 35. The portion of the work-
holders 37 on which the articles to be operated on are held may be of any
construction suitable for securing the articles in position and are provided on their
under sides with sockets 41, adapted to fit over the upper ends of the shafts 9",
which are slotted, as shown in Figs. 2, 5 and 6, for the reception of pins or
cross-bars 43, arranged transversely of the sockets 41, thereby insuring the
rotation of the work-holders with the shafts and their easy removal and
readjustment.
In lieu of securing the driving-pulleys 12 directly upon the shafts 9" they are
keyed or otherwise fastened on sleeves 44, loosely surrounding the shafts 9, and
held as against vertical movement while free to rotate within the tubular bosses 8*
by pins 45, as shown in Fig. 2. The shafts 9 are so arranged as to be free to
rotate within the tubular bosses and to permit of the independent rotation of the
sleeves 44, and also to move vertically in order to move the work-holders toward
and away from the grinding or polishing tools. The vertical movements of the
tools are effected by means of levers 46, pivoted to hangers 47, attached, as shown

page_text: in Fig. 2, to the under side of the frame 2. On the levers are arranged pins 48,
having their upper ends rounded and fitting in holes in the lower ends of the
shafts 9.
In grinding plane surfaces, as tiles or the faces of flat-irons, as shown in Fig. 5,
it is preferred to arrange the axes of the shafts 9 and 9 eccentrically by moving
the tubular bosses 8" outwardly so as to bring as great a portion of the faces of the
grinding-tool as possible in contact with the article being ground, thereby preventing
the cutting of grooves or an uneven wearing away of the tool. This outward
adjustment of the work-holders is readily permitted by the yielding tension-
pulleys 15 without changing the length of the belt or affecting its effective bearing
on the pulleys 12ª.
In order to adapt the machine for grinding plow-colters or other rotary cutters,
as shown in Fig. 6, a work-holder having a socket somewhat larger than the end of
the shaft 9 is employed, so as to perinit of a slight tipping of the work-holder,
necessary for the presentation of the edge of the cutter at the desired angle to the
operative faces of the grinding or polishing tools. This tipping or inclination of
the work-holder is effected by means of a friction-roller 49, mounted in the upper
end of a post 50, adjustably supported in a socket 51, formed on the end of a
sleeve 52, which fits loosely over a finger 58, projecting outwardly from the tubular
boss 8".
In order to hold the friction-roller in operative position and also permit of its
being turned down out of the way, a pin 53 is passed through a slot 54, formed
longitudinally of the sleeve, into the finger 58, and at the inner end of the slot 54
and at right angles thereto is formed a branch slot 55. By pulling the sleeve 52
outwardly along the finger until the pin is in line with the lateral or branch
slot 55 the roller may be turned down out of engagement with the work-holder.
It will be readily understood by the skilled mechanic that the friction-roller may
be supported in other ways than that shown and described and that other means for
effecting the inclination of the work-holder may be employed.
In grinding or polishing the inner surfaces of hollow articles, as frying-pans, a
suitable tool is attached to the shaft 9, and the pan is secured in one of the work-
holders, and the latter raised until the tool is in operative position. During the
grinding operation the inner walls of the pan will be held by the tension-pulleys 15",
operating through the belt 13, against the edges of the tool, said belt passing
inside of the pulleys, 15", which are drawn in by their springs 22, and outside of
the pulleys 12, where said pulleys and other shafts and connections, being free to
move radially, are drawn inwardly.
Other adjustments or changes of the parts herein before described will readily
suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, whereby the machine inay be adapted
for operation on a large variety of articles.
While it is preferred to have the grinding-tools and work-holders rotate in
opposite directions, they may be rotated in the same direction, the work-holders
moving at a much slower speed than the grinding-tools, such slower movement
being attained by making the pulley 14ª smaller than the pulley 14, or in any other
of the many ways known in the art. In case it is desired to cause the tools and
work-holders to rotate in the same direction, the shafts 25 and 34 may be formed
integral with each other, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3, and, if desired, said
shaft may be driven by a pulley 56, secured thereto between the frames 1 and 2, as
shown in dotted lines, the driving-belt 57 passing around suitably-arranged guide-
pulleys.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
1. In a grinding-machine, the combination of centrally-arranged driving-pulleys,
a series of radially-arranged grinding-tools provided with pulleys, a like series of
work-holders also provided with pulleys and belts arranged around the driving-

page_text: pulleys, and the pulleys on the shafts of the tools and work-holders, substantially as
set forth.
2. In a grinding-machine, the combination of centrally-arranged driving-pulleys,
a series of radially-arranged grinding-tools provided with pulleys, a like series of
work-holders also provided with pulleys, belts from the driving-pulleys passing
around the pulleys on the tools and work-holders, and means for adjusting the
tension of the belts, substantially as set forth.
3. In a grinding-machine, the combination of centrally-arranged driving-pulleys,
a series of radially-arranged grinding-tools provided with pulleys, a like series of
adjustable work-holders provided with pulleys, belts from the central pulleys
passing around the pulleys of the tools and work-holders, and automatically-
adjustable means for regulating the tension of the belts passing around the pulleys
to the work-holders, substantially as set forth.
4. In a grinding-machine, the combination of centrally-arranged driving-pulleys,
a series of radially-arranged grinding-tools, a like series of vertically-movable
work-holders, the tools and work-holders being provided with pulleys, and belts
extending from the central pulleys, and passing around the pulleys of the tools and
work-holders, substantially as set forth.
5. In a grinding-machine, the combination of driving-pulleys, a series of grinding-
tools provided with pulleys, a like series of work-holders also provided with pulleys
and belts arranged around the driving-pulleys and the pulleys of the tools and
work-holders, substantially as set forth.
6. In a grinding-machine, the combination of a rotating grinding-tool, a rotating
shaft having its axle parallel or approximately parallel with the axis of rotation of
the grinding-tool, a work-holder pivotally mounted on said shaft and rotatable
therewith, and a support for holding the work-holder at an angle to its shaft,
substantially as set forth.
Dated the 31st day of March. A.D. 1896.