IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER ARTICLES PROM PLASTIC MATERIALS
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
WORDY, of Ipswich, Foreman in the employ of Messrs. J. R. & A. Ransome,
Ironfounders and Agricultural Implement Makers, of Ipswich, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Execllent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-fourth day of June, in the eighth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Worby, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said William Worby, my exors, adññiors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said William Worby, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during tho
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER
ARTICLES PROM PLASTIC MATERIALS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso that I, the said William Worby, shall cause a particular description
of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in
part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Worby, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and..

page_text: which shows such parts of a tile machine as comprise my said improvements,
the machinery being represented in elevation, partly in section. a is the
cylinder or tub of a pug mill, in which works a central upright shaft b, having
on it six or any other number of inclined knives, arranged in a spiral line, by
which the clay is mixed or pugged and gradually driven downwards, as in the
conimon pug mill; c is a cross bar affixed to the top of the tub or cylinder,
having at its centre a collar, in which the bearing or neck of the shaft turns
when at work; and d is a spout or hopper at the back of the mill, at which
the clay is thrown into the tub or cylinder.
I would remark that the arrangement of pug mill or machine forms no part
of my Invention separately, and its arrangement may be varied; and although
I prefer that it should be capable of pugging the clay as well as express it into
the separate chambers,; from which it is expressed by pistons through moulding
orifices, yet the pugging may, when the clay is properly prepared, be dispensed
with; then the chamber a will, be used, only for the purpose of keeping
up a supply to the separate cylinders or chambers e, f, g, which are, three, four,
or any other required number of cylinders, or other formed chambers, which are
attached to the side of the tub or at other convenient places, each having one
or more openings in its side corresponding to other similar openings in the side
of. the tub, through which the clay or other material, by the rotation of the
knives, is forced into the cylinders or other shaped chambers. h is a solid
piston, working in and fitting closely to the cylinder or other formed chamber,
so that when the cylinder becomes filled of clay, the descent, of, the piston
necessarily forces it out through whatever opening may be in the bottom...i is
a flat ring or wheel, having, a conical hole in its centre sufficiently large
to allow the shaft to pass freely through it; this ring lies on the cross bar c
under the cap or box k, into which the bar. (in the case of the machine being
worked by a horse or horses) is inserted.. The vertical distance between the
upper surface of the ring at its centre and the under side of the cap, is
less than between the said under side of the cap and the lower edge of the
roller which is attached to it, consequently in whatever place of its circle or
rotation the roller may happen to be, the part of the ring immediately beneath
it will be depressed and its opposite point will be equally elevated, therefore, in

page_text: every revolution of the shaft every point of the ring will be once raised
and once depressed to its greatest extent in each revolution. m, m, are ball
and socket joints on the under side of the ring, by which the piston rods
are connected with the ring, and at the same time are capable of free motion
in every direction. n is a similar joint on the top of the piston, by which thic
lower end of the piston rod is connected with the piston, consequently, in every
revolution of the shaft the entire number of pistons make a complete ascending
and descending stroke; and as the operation of filling the cylinders with clay
from the pug mill is proceeding simultaneously, an equal quantity of clay
is necessarily forced out of the orifices or dies attached to the bottoms of the
cylinders. 0, 0, 0, are dovetailed recesses under each cylinder, intended to
receive the dies or perforated plates, having orifices suitable to give the
required form to the clay which is expressed through them. p, p, are two of
the four legs on which the entire machine is supported. 9 is a slide, which is
placed between each cylinder and the tub, and is either raised or depressed by
the lever r for the purpose of regulating the size of the communicating orifice
for any particular goods, or entirely closing it when it is desirable to suspend
the action of any particular cylinder or chamber.
I have not thought it necessary to shew any means of cutting, or receiving,
or conveying away the articles as they are delivered from the moulding orifices;
nor have I shown any moulding orifices or apparatus, the same being well
known and forming no part of my Invention.
The machine has here been described as being suitable for being
worked by horses, but it is obviously equally adapted to be worked by steam or
other power; and, although I have described a machine which in practice
I have found to answer perfectly, I do not confine myself to the particular
construction here described and represented, so long as the peculiar character
of my Invention be retained; and I would have it understood that what I claim
is, the so arranging machinery that a suitable pug mill or machine shall
bave separate cylinders and chambers, each with a piston and moulding orifice,
as herein described, combined therewith, by which a succession of bricks,
tiles, or other articles may bo made according to the nature of moulding
orifices applied to the cylinders or chambers.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Worby, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-four.
WILLIAM (L.S.) WORDY.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twentieth day of December, in
in the year of our Lord 1844, the aforesaid William Worby came before
our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowedged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-fourth day of December, in the year of our Lord