IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR WEAVING TUFTED FABRICS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake,
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR WEAVING TUFTED
FABRICS." A communication from abroad by Charles Edward Skinner and
Eugene Tymeson, of Yonkers, New York, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th October 1880.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS, CHIEFLY
DESIGNED FOR WEAVING TUFTED FABRICS." [A communication from abroad by
Charles Edward Skinner and Eugene Tymeson, of Yonkers, New York, United
States of America]
The first part of this Invention relates to the devices which co-operate with the
weft-carrying needle in that class of power-looms known as needle-looms.
In this class of looms a needle is employed to insert the weft or filling thread
into the warp, and this part of my Invention is applicable to such looms, whether
they are to be used for the weaving of tufted fabrics, to which kind of weaving
they are particularly well adapted, or whether they are to be used for the weaving
of other fabrics. The second part of the said Invention relates to the means
employed for inserting and cutting off the tufts in power-looms for weaving tufted
fabrics, particularly what are known as Moquette carpets.
In needle-looms a small shuttle is employed to insert into the loop formed by
the doubling of the weft or filling thread a selvage thread which retains and
secures the filling. Such shuttles have sometimes had motion imparted to them
and have sometimes been stationary.
In carrying into practice the first part of this Invention a stationary shuttle is
employed. One feature of this part of the said Invention consists in the combination
with the weft-carrying needle and the stationary shuttle and its stationary
hearing, of a transferring finger having a reciprocating motion, preferably vibratory,
in a direction parallel with the warp, for the purpose of transferring or carrying
the loop of the doubled filling thread over the said shuttle for the reception of the

page_text: selvage-thread. Another feature of this part of the Invention consists in the
combination with the said stationary shuttle of a finger attached to, or arranged
near, and moving with the lay and reed of the loom, for the purpose of drawing
the selvage-thread from the shuttle and of evening the said thread at the selvage
of the fabric. This part of the said Invention also includes a movable weft-clamp
and weft-tightening finger, both arranged on the side of the loom from which the
weft or filling thread is taken into the warp by the needle, vis., the opposite side
to that on which the selvage-shuttle is situated, for the purposes of taking up the
slack of the loops formed in the weft or filling after the said shuttle has passed
through said loops, and of tightening the weft or filling around the selvage
threads.
In carrying into practice the second part of this Invention the tuft-yarns are
or may be supplied, as in other power-looms for the same kind of weaving, from a
series of spools mounted in frames or carriages, which are carried by carrying
chains by which they are presented successively or in proper order to transferring-
arms, which place the spools and their yarns in proper positions relatively to the
warp. Other carrying devices might however be substituted for the chains, and
other transferring devices might be substituted for the arms. One feature of this
part of the said Invention consists in the combination with such transferring-arms
or transferring-devices of mechanism for giving them a motion sidewise or crosswise
of the loom for laying the ends of the tuft-yarns across the spaces between the
warp-yarns in suitable positions to be drawn through the warp.
Another feature of the said Invention consists in the combination with the
spool-frames or carriages and the transferring-devices which have a motion side-
ways or crosswise of the loom, of hooks which enter and pass through the spaces
between the warp-yarns from below the same, and return for the purpose of
drawing the tuft yarns through the warp. Another feature consists in the
combination with the means for inserting the tuft-yarns through the warp of
brushes which enter and pass through the spaces between the warp-yarns from
below, and return for the purpose of brushing the ends of the warp yarns back
through the warp and around the last shot of filling. Another feature consists in
a novel construction of cutters for cutting off the tuft-yarns. This second part of
the said Invention also comprises certain details of mechanism employed in
carrying out the operations of presenting, inserting, and cutting off the tufts.
The whole of this Invention is intended to be embraced in one loom.
In carrying the said Invention into practice, I provide a framing and breast-
beam, and also a lay, which may be worked in the usual way. The needle
operating mechanism is the same as in other needle looms.
The principal portion of the stationary shuttle holder which I provide is secured
by a rigid arm or bracket to the breast-beam of the loom near the right side
thereof. The position of this shuttle holder is such that it stands near the right
hand end of the lay as the latter completes its forward movement. The selvage-
thread shuttle is of a form commonly employed for the purpose, and the shuttle-
holder consists of a seat-piece having an upward projection at its front end, and
having in its upper surface a shallow trough-like cavity or seat in which the
shuttle may lie with its length parallel to the warp in the loom and with its point
towards the rear of the loom. Attached to the upward projections there are two
horns and a spring, one of these horns serving as a bearing for the heel of the
shuttle, the other serving as a guard for the upper part of the heel, and the
aforesaid spring enters a notch in the upper part of the nose of the shuttle, the
said spring and a guard serving to prevent the shuttle from jumping or being
thrown out of its seat, and the spring allowing the shuttle to rise from its seat
sufficiently to allow the loop of the double-shot of filling drawn through the shed
by the needle to press between it and the seat.
I also provide a transferring finger for carrying over the stationary shuttle the
loop of the double filling. This finger forms part of or is firmly secured to a small
lever which works backwards and forwards on a fixed fulcrum on a fixed bracket

page_text: secured to the loom-framing. The said finger has its extremity in the shape of a
three-pronged fork, and it works backwards and forwards outside of the shuttle
near to and parallel with the straight outer vertical side thereof and with the warp,
its path being such that the point of its central prong passes close by the hooked
point of the needle after the latter has been drawn back with the filling, and close
by the point of the nose of the shuttle, by which means the said prong is caused
to enter the loop of the filling on the needle, and take the said loop from the needle
and pass it over the shuttle, the loop being somewhat spread for the reception of
the shuttle by the abrupt taper of the prong, and being prevented from escaping
from the said prong by the two outer prongs. The operation of producing the
passage of the shuttle through the loop of the filling is performed by this trans-
ferring finger without any longitudinal movement of the shuttle, and without any
other movement than the slight rise from its seat produced by the passage under
it of the lower part of the loop of the filling as the said loop is carried under, over,
and past the shuttle by the said transferring finger.
The forward movement of the said finger by which the transferring of the loop
over the shuttle is effected is produced by means of a cam on the ordinary cam-
shaft of the loom acting upon a lever which works upon a fixed fulcrum, and which
is connected by a rod with the finger lever. The backward movement of the said
finger is produced by a spring.
There is a finger for drawing out the selvage thread from the shuttle rigidly
secured to the left hand end of the lay. This finger is forked or notched to insure
its catching the portion of the shuttle-thread between the fill and the shuttle, and
every time the lay beats up the said finger catches said portion of the shuttle-
thread which pulls it forward.
The tension produced on the shuttle thread by the ordinary tension devices in
the shuttle is such that the said finger before drawing any more thread from the
shuttle will just before the lay completes its beat, draw out from the selvage any
portion of the shuttle-thread that may have been drawn thereinto by the loop of
the last shot of filling inserted into the warp, and so cause the selvage-thread
furnished by the shuttle to be parallel with the warp, after which sufficient thread
will be drawn by the said finger from the shuttle to carry on the selvage to the
next succeeding shot of filling.
The movable weft clamp arranged at the left side of the loom, from whence the
weft or filling is supplied to the needle from a spool arranged in the usual way
for that purpose, consist of two small levers. One of these works parallel with the
lay and breast-beam or crosswise of the loom on a fixed fulcrum. Its upper end is
so bent or constructed as to form the lower jaw of the weft-clamp, and is furnished
with two pins or upward projections to prevent the filling from getting astray.
The other lever is pivotted by a pin to the aforesaid one, so that it works to a
certain extent independently of the latter in the same direction, and has its upper
end so bent or constructed as to form the upper jaw of the clamp and to work
between the projections on the lower jaw, the position of the said pin being so far
outward that the outward movement of the independent lever raises the upper jaw
and opens the clamp to liberate the filling within it. A spring is applied between
the levers for the purpose of opening the clamp, and a stop is attached to one lever
to limit the independent outward movement of the other, and prevent the opening
of the clamp further than is necessary to liberate the filling. This clamp is worked
by a rod, one end of which is connected with the lever surround the stops, which
reaches right across the loom to near the end of the needle-carriage slide herein
before described; the outer end of the said rod is hooked or otherwise so constructed
that a little before the filling needle completes its outward movement the lever or
some other part of the needle operating devices will catch the said rod and pull it
to the right, causing it first to close the clamp on the filling and afterwards to draw
the clamp inward. This operation of the rod on the clamp is resisted by a spring
which is so applied to the lever below its fulcrum as to tend to throw outward the
upper end of the said lever. This spring which holds back the clamp against a

page_text: fixed stop until the proper time for its inward movement also insures the closing
of the jaws before its movement commences. The above described operation of the
clamp is to clamp the filling securely while the backward or outward movement of
the needle is completed, and also for a time after the completion of said movement,
and until the loop of the filling has been taken from the needle and carried over
the shuttle by the transferring finger herein before described, and during the
operation of the weft tightening finger which will now be described.
The weft tightening finger is a simple straight and stiff piece of metal, and is
formed by or is attached to the upper part of a lever which is situated between the
clamp and the adjacent side of the warp, and which works backward and forward
parallel with the warp on a fixed fulcrum. The said finger works between the
two prongs of a stationary fork secured to the loom-framing, the prongs of the said
fork containing eyes through which the filling passes in front of the said finger on
its way into the warp. The last named lever is connected by a rod with another
lever which works on a fixed fulcrum on the back part of the loom, and which is
operated upon after the insertion of each shot of filling to press forward the lever
and finger by means of wings on a cam on a cam shaft, the finger being, until the
proper time for this operation, held stationary within its fork by means of a spring
which holds the lever against a stop on the loom framing. The forward movement
of the weft tightening finger within and out of its fork takes place after the loop of
the filling has been carried forward off the shuttle, and after the transferring-finger
has moved back, and while the filling is firmly held by the clamp, as hereinbefore
stated, and as it moves forward within and out of the fork it pulls the filling forward
in the form of a loop between the eyes of the fork, thereby drawing back that part
of the filling which is in the warp, and so drawing the filling tight up into the
selvage on the right hand.
As the weft-tightening finger returns into its fork and leaves the filling slack
between the eye in this fork, the clamp moves outward and takes up this slack.
It may be proper to state that instead of the aforesaid fork, there may be
employed any two suitable bearing surfaces against and between which the filling may
be supported while being drawn forward by the action of the tightening finger to
draw its loop into the selvage as stated.
The above described clamp performs another office besides that above mentioned
of holding the filling while being tightened in the right hand selvage, that is to say,
by clamping the filling while the needle is completing its backward movement it
enables the needle to draw the filling tight into the left hand selvage.
A hook arranged near the fell on the left side of the loom, draws the filling into
the nearly vertical position which is desirable to enable it to be caught by the
needle. This hook forms no part of the present Invention, but is well known as
used in other needle looma.
The second part of this Invention relates to the mechanism for operating the
transferring arms. The movement of the said arms is sideways, or crosswise of the
loom with the spool carriage held between them, and produced by a longitudinal
movement given to the rock shaft to which the said arms are attached, and in
order to illustrate this a brief description only of the whole of the mechanism for
operating these arms and their rock shaft will be necessary.
The transferring arms are not attached directly to the rock shaft, but are pivotted
to arms which are secured rigidly to the said rock shaft. The opening movement
of the said arms, whereby they are prepared to take hold of and made to liberate
the spool carriage is produced by the inner face of a cam carried by a cam-head or
a rotary cam-shaft, from which the movements of all the working parts of the
loom are derived. This cam acts for the purpose above mentioned upon a lever,
which has a fixed fulcrum, and which is connected by a rod with an elbow lever,
which works crosswise of the loom, on a fixed fulcrum secured to the upper framing
behind and below the aforesaid rock-shaft. The upper end of this lever acts
against the outer side of a tail piece on the rear end of one of the transferring armis,
and the opening movement of the arm causes a similar movement to be communi-

page_text: cated to the other arm by reason of the two being connected by rods with a short
lever which is pivotted to the upper side of the rock shaft above referred to. The
closing movement of the arms and their grasp of the spool carriages are effected by
a spring, which connects one of the rods above referred to with one of the
intermediary arms on the rock shaft. The upward and downward movement of the
transferring arms are produced by a cam on the cam shaft and a spring, the cam
acting to produce the upward movement upon a lever, which works on a fixed
fulcrum and connects by a rod with the intermediary arm of the rock shaft, and
the said spring acting to pass the said lever downward.
The longitudinal movement of the rock shaft to produce the movement of the
transferring arms sideways or crosswise of the loom with a spool carriage in them
is also effected through an elbow lever, a rod and lever, a separate cam on the cam
head herein before specified being used for this purpose.
The said cam causes &
stud or roller carried by the aforesaid elbow lever to act on the outer side of a
flange or projection of sector or segmental shape on the back of one of the arms of
the rock-shaft. This flange by the rocking motion of the rock-shaft moves
downward out of the way of the stud or roller at the times when the opening
movements of the arms are to be produced; but when the shaft is to be moved
crosswise, which is while the front ends of the transferring arms are at or near their
lowest position, the said flange is brought by the said rocking movement to a
position opposite the said stud or roller. The cam only produces the movement of
the rock shaft in one direction, its movement in the other direction being produced
by a spiral spring coiled around it between one of the arms and the adjacent side
framing of the loom.
To provide for the longitudinal movement of the rock shaft it is supported on
centre screws screwing into the framing, but it may be fitted to slide in journal
boxes on the framing. The clutches which attach the carriages to the arms are or
may be of any suitable construction.
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The laying of the ends of the tuft yarns across the spaces of the warp is effected
by the above described transverse movement of the arms and spool carriage and
spool held between them and the ends of the tuft yarns are made to project
downward through "tins," or bolders attached to the carriage. These "tins'
of known construction. The ends of the tuft yarns protrude sufficiently through
these tins to be engaged in the warps, and while the carriage and spool are
descending the protruding parts of the said yarns are straight, but just before the
ends come in contact with the warp the sidewise movement of the transferring
arms, and the carriage and spool takes place, sweeping the ends over the warp, and
causing the parts of the yarns which are to form a row of tufts to lie over the
spaces of the warp as shewn, ready to be seized by the hooks which are employed
to draw them through the warp.
These hooks, of which there are as many as the number of tufts in a row, are all
secured firmly to a straight bar, which is arranged transversely of the loom, and
pivoted into the ends of the two arms secured to a rockshaft, which is fitted to
rock on centre screws, or in suitable bearings in arms on the side frames of the
loom. The said books have two movements, viz., an upward and downward one,
produced by the movement of the rock shaft on its axis, and a tilting one backward
and forward produced by the rocking of the bar. These movements are produced
by a cam on the rotary cam shaft. This cam has an off set, by which the movement
of the last named rock shaft is produced, and a wing by which the separate rocking
movement of the bar is produced. The offset acts upon a roller carried by a lever,
which works on a fixed fulcrum, and which is connected by a rod with an arm
rigidly secured to the rock shaft. The wing acts upon a roller, which is carried by
a suitable lever which works upon a fixed fulcrum, and which is connected by a
rod with one end of a small elbow lever, which works loosely upon the last named
rock shaft, and the other end of which is connected by a rod with an arm on the
book bar. The levers are held in contact with fixed cams by springs.
The arrangement of the hook bar and its carrying rock shaft and the several

page_text: levers and connections above described is such, and the movement of their
operating cams are so timed, that the hooks, which in common with the tuft-
inserting apparatus are only required to operate at every fourth beat of the lay,
remain when at rest in a depressed condition. The first movement which is
produced by the action of the cam offset on the rock shaft last herein described is
simply upward, and when this movement has proceeded some distance the cam wing
acts on the hook bar to tilt the hooks backward. The continued upward move-
ment of the bar carries the hooks through the warp, the shed of which is at this
time closed, and after they have passed through the warp the action of the cam
wing is to tilt the bar and the hooks forward to bring the hooks over the tuft
yarns lying on the warp. The downward movement of the hook bar is then
produced by the cam offset, and this draws the hooks down through the warp,
causing them to pull through the ends of the tuft yarns, which then protrude
through the warp ready to be swept upward, and turned back through the warp
by the brush after a shot of filling has been inserted behind the tuft yarns and the
shed has been closed on said shot. By the above described compound movement
of the hooks, viz., upward through the warp behind the tufts before filling, and
afterwards tilting forward over the tufts before descending, the drawing through
of the tufts without any disarrangement of them is secured.
The brush which has been referred to in the first part of this Specification has
its back composed of a straight bar arranged across and below the warp and
having on its upper side bristles of hair or other suitable elastic material long
enough to protrude through the closed shed of the warp, stiff enough to pass through
the warp, and brush the wefts through it, but yet of a sufficiently flexible nature
to yield in a considerable degree to the resistance produced in the tufts by the
friction of the warp in the passage of the tufts through the warp. This brush is
pivoted at the ends by centre screws or otherwise into the front ends of two arms
secured to a separate rock shaft, which is fitted to rock between centre screws or in
suitable bearings in arms secured to the side framing of the loom. The said brush
has two movements, viz., an upward and downward movement produced by the
movement of the rock shaft about its axis, and a rocking or turning one produced
by the independent rocking of the brush itself on its pivots. These movements are
produced by a cam on the general cam shaft. This cam has an offset, by which the
movement of the brush rock-shaft is produced, and a wing by which the independent
rocking or turning of the brush itself is produced.
The offset acts upon a lever which works on a fixed fulcrum secured to the loom
framing, and the front end of which is connected by a rod with an arm of the
rock-shaft. The wing of the cam acts upon the lower end of a lever which works
on a fixed fulcrum secured to the loom framing, and the upper end of which is
connected by a rod with a short lever which rocks loosely upon the rock-shaft, the
said lever being connected by a rod with an arm secured rigidly to the bar of
the brush.
The lever connected with the loom frame and the rock-shaft is kept in contact
with the cam by means of the spiral spring before mentioned, which connects the
said lever with the other lever before mentioned, which connects the said
lever with the other lever before mentioned. The lever (which is attached to
the rocking lever) has its return movement after the action of the cam wing
produced by a spring connecting it with a fixed portion of the loom, and a spring
is also applied to the rocking lever to produce the forward rocking or turning
movement of the brush, the cam wing acting directly to produce only the backward
tilting, rocking, or turning movement of the brush. The movement of the cam is
so timed, and the arrangement of the brush and its carrying arms and their
connections is such, that the brush, until required to operate, is at rest below the
warp, in which position it remains until after the shot of filling has been inserted
behind the tuft yarns, as herein before described, when, by the operation of the
cam offset on the rock shaft, it is raised until it arrives close under the fell of
the fabric and in front of the downwardly protruding tuft yarns. The brush is

page_text: then rocked or turned over upward and backward on its pivots, while its upward
movement with the arms continues, and it is so caused to brush up the tuft yarns
close under and behind the filling, and carry them up through the warp by its
bristles passing through the latter. The backward rocking or turning movement
continues while the brush commences descending, and the bristles are so carried
back out of the way of the tufts and withdrawn from the warp, after which
another shot of filling is inserted. By the following beat of the lay this shot is
beaten up, and the tufts are secured and made ready to be cut off in front of the
fell by the action of the cutters.
The cutters consist of two shear blades which are arranged crosswise of the loom
above the warp. The front cutter, which preferably is the upper one, and has a
straight edge, is arranged at right angles to the warp, and has a simple backward
and forward movement. The back cutter, which has preferably a curved edge, has
a peculiar movement, which will be presently described, for the purpose of causing
only a small portion of each one to be at any time in action.
The stock of the front cutter is carried by two arms, which are firmly secured to
a rockshaft arranged to work between centre screws or otherwise in fixed bearings
secured to the front part of the loom framing, and the movement of this cutter is
produced by a cam on the general cam shaft, the said cam acting on a bell crank
lever working on a fixed fulcrum, the said lever being furnished with a roller
bearing on the said cam, and being connected by a rod with an arm of the rock
shaft. The cutter stock is drawn forward after the action of the cam by a spring
which connects one of the arms with the breast beam.
The stock of the back cutter is fitted to slide back and forth in guides in two
rigid arms secured to the framing of the loom, the said guides having a slight
downward and forward inclination. The said stock is connected by two rods, one
at each end, with two levers, and which are acted upon by two cams and carried
by the cam shaft. The lever nearest the left hand side of the loom works on a
fixed fulcrum, and is actuated to produce the forward movement of its corresponding
end of the cutter. The backward movement of the cutter is produced by springs,
and applied to the levers thereof. The lever nearest the right hand side of the
loom works on a fixed fulcrum, and is actuated to produce the forward movement
of its corresponding end of the cutter by a cam.
The cutter cams are relatively so arranged on the general cam shaft and the
levers upon which they operate, and the connections between the said levers and
the cutter stocks so operate that the cutters approach each other from before and
behind those portions of the tuft yarns between the fell and the spool from which
the said yarn are supplied, and the front cutter comes to a stop with its edge
close to the yarns, while the back one continues moving forward with one end in
advance of the other, until the said end passes the edge of the front one and stops,
while the other end continues to move forward until it passes the edge of the front
cutter. In this way the several portions of the edge of the back cutter are caused
to pass each other in succession, like the blades of a pair of shears, so that only
small portions of the edges of the cutters are in operation at any time, and the
cutting is effected with little resistance; and, moreover, this movement of the
cutter causes its edge to have a slight longitudinal movement relatively to the edge,
by which a slight drawing action is produced, which also facilitates the operation
and tends to make a very clean cut.
The beddles and other parts herein mentioned are of ordinary construction.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th April 1881.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS, CHIEFLY
DESIGNED FOR WEAVING TUFTED FABRICS." A communication from abroad by
Charles Edward Skinner and Eugene Tymeson, of Yonkers, New York, United
States of America.
The first part of this Invention relates to the devices which co-operate with the
weft-carrying needle in that class of power-looms known as needle-looms, in which
a needle is employed to insert the weft or filling thread into the warp; and this
part of the said Invention is applicable to such looms, whether they are intended
to be used for the weaving of tufted fabrics, to which kind of weaving they are
particularly well adapted, or whether they are intended to be used for the weaving
of other fabrics. The second part of the said Invention relates to the means
employed for inserting and cutting off the tufts in power-looms for weaving
tufted fabrics, particularly in looms for weaving what are known as Moquette
carpets.
In needle-looms a small shuttle is employed to insert into the loop formed by
the doubling of the weft or filling thread a selvage thread, which retains and
secures the filling; such shuttles have sometimes had motion imparted to them
and have sometimes been stationary.
In carrying into practice the first part of this Invention, a stationary shuttle
is employed. One feature of this part of the said Invention consists in the
combination with the weft-carrying needle and the stationary shuttle, and its
stationary bearing of a transferring finger having a reciprocating motion preferably
vibratory in a direction parallel with the warp, for the purpose of transferring or
carrying the loop of the doubled filling thread over the said shuttle for the
reception of the selvage thread. Another feature of this part of the said Invention
consists in the combination with the said stationary shuttle, of a finger attached to
or arranged near and moving with the lay and reed of the loom, for the purpose
of drawing the selvage thread from the shuttle, and of evening the said thread
at the selvage of the fabric. This part of the said Invention also comprises a
movable weft-clamp and weft-tightening finger, both arranged on the side of the
loom from which the weft or filling thread is taken into the warp by the
needle, viz., the opposite side to that on which the selvage shuttle is situated, for
the purpose of taking up the slack of the loops formed in the weft or filling after
the said shuttle has passed through said loops, and of tightening the weft or filling
around the selvage threads.
In carrying into practice the second part of this Invention, the tuft-yarns are or
may be supplied, as in other power-looms for the same kind of weaving, from a
series of spools mounted in frames or carriages, which are carried by carrying
chains by which they are presented successively or in proper order to transferring
arms, which place the spools and their yarns in proper positions relatively to the
warp. Other carrying devices might however be substituted for the chaius, and
other transferring devices might be substituted for the arins. One feature of this
part of the said Invention consists in the combination with such transferring-arms
or transferring devices of mechanism for giving them a motion sidewise or crosswise
to the loom, for laying the ends of the tuft-yarns across the spaces between the
warp-yarns in suitable positions to be drawn through the warp.
Another feature of the said Invention consists in the combination with the
spool-frames or carriages and the transferring-devices, having a motion sideways or

page_text: crosswise to the loom, of hooks adapted to enter and pass through the spaces
between the warp-yarns from below the same, and to return for the purpose of
drawing the tuft-yarns through the warp. Another feature consists in the com-
bination with the means for inserting the tuft-yarns through the warp of brushes
adapted to enter and pass through the spaces between the warp-yarns from below,
and to return for the purpose of brushing the ends of the warp yarns back through
the warp, and around the last shot of the filling. Another feature consists in a
novel arrangement of cutters for cutting off the tuft-yarns. The second part of the
said Invention also comprises certain details hereinafter fully described, of the
mechanism employed in carrying into effect the operations of presenting, inserting,
and cutting off the tufts.
The whole of this Invention is intended to be embraced in one loom for weaving
tufted fabrics.
The first part of the said Invention is illustrated in Sheets 1 and 2 of the
Drawings, in which,―
Figure 1 is a right hand side view of all the parts of a loom that are involved in
this part of the Invention, but has omitted from it all the mechanism not necessary
for the illustration of the said part of this Invention, and
Figure 2 is a left hand side view of the same.
Figure 3 is a front view partly in section shewing the central portion of the
loom broken away to enable the side portions to be shewn nearer together.
Figure 4 is a plan of the parts shewn in Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a side view of the stationary shuttle and its holder drawn to an
enlarged scale, and
Figure 6 is a top view of the same.
Figure 7 is a transverse vertical section of the said shuttle and holder.
Figure 8 is a plan or top view of the shuttle, the stationary shuttle-bearing part
of the lay and the finger attached to the same for drawing the selvage thread from
the shuttle, illustrating the operation of drawing the selvage thread from the
shuttle and evening the selvage formed by the said thread.
Figure 9 is a side view of the parts shewn in Figure 8.
Figure 10 is a perspective view of the finger for carrying the loops of the filling
over the shuttle.
Figure 11 is a side view of the said finger and its operating mechanism.
Figure 12 is a perspective view of the weft or filling clamp.
Figure 13 is a perspective view of the weft tightening finger and the fork which
co-ants therewith.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several Figures of
these two Sheets of the Drawings.
A is the framing of the loom, and B is the breast-beam; C is the lay which may
be worked in the usual manner. D is a bracket secured to the right hand side of
the loom for supporting the stationary horizontal slide D¹, upon which works the
carriage D, to which is attached the hooked weft or filling needle a which draws
in the filling h from the opposite side of the loom, the said needle working between
fixed guide pins b, b, secured to the said slide D¹. D³ is a lever, and d the
connecting rod for working the needle carriage, the said lever working on a fixed
fulcrum d, and being connected by a rod d³ with a lever D'; this lever works on a
fixed fulcrum, and is operated upon by a cam D³ on the cam shaft S, for the
purpose of driving the needle across the loom from right to left, the return
movement of the said needle being produced by a spring d' connecting the lever D³
with some suitable fixture on the loom. This needle operating mechanism is the
same as in other needle looms, and is herein so far described as to enable its parts
to be distinguished from the parts which constitute this Invention.
At E is represented the principal portion of the stationary shuttle holder secured
by a rigid arm or bracket E' to the breast beam of the loom near the right side
thereof. The position of this shuttle-holder is such that it stands near the right
hand end of the lay, as the latter completes its forward movement. The selvage-

page_text: thread shuttle c is of a form commonly employed for the purpose, and the shuttle-
bolder consists of the seat piece E, having an upward projection e at its front end,
and having in its upper surface a shallow trough-like-cavity or seat e¹ (see Figures
5, 6, and 7), in which the shuttle may lie with its length parallel to the warp in
the loom, and with its point towards the rear of the loom, as shown in Figures 1
and 4. Attached to the upward projection e there are two horns e and e³, and a
spring e (see Figures 5, 6, and 7); the horn e serves as a bearing for the heel of the
shuttle, and the horn e as a guard for the upper part of the heel. The spring e*
enters a notch e³ in the upper part of the nose of the shuttle, the said spring e* and
the guard e serving to prevent the shuttle from jumping or being thrown out of its
seat e¹, and the spring et allowing the shuttle to rise from its seat e' sufficiently to
allow the loop of the double shot of filling h drawn through the shed by the
needle a to press between it and the seat e¹.
fis the transferring-finger for carrying over the stationary shuttle e the loop of
the double filling h. This finger, which is shown in Figures 1, 3, 4, and 10, forms
part of or is firmly secured to a small lever F which works backward and forward
on a fixed fulcrum at f¹ on a fixed bracket F* secured to the loom framing. The
said finger has its extremity formed in the shape of a three-pronged fork, and it
works backwards and forwards outside of the shuttle, near to and parallel with the
straight outer vertical side thereof and with the warp, its path being such that the
point of its central prong 20 passes close by the hooked point of the needle a after
the latter has been drawn back with the filling, and close by the point of the nose
of the shuttle, by which means the said prong is caused to enter the loop of the
filling on the needle, and take the said loop from the needle and pass it over the
shuttle, the loop being somewhat spread for the reception of the shuttle by
the abrupt taper of the prong 20, and being prevented from escaping from the said
prong by the two outer prongs 21. The operation of producing the passage of the
shuttle through the loop of the filling is performed by this transferring finger f,
without any longitudinal movement of the shuttle, and without any other movement
than the slight rise from its seat el produced by the passage under it of the lower
part of the loop of the filling, as the said loop is carried under, over, and past the
shuttle by the said transferring finger f
The forward movement of the said finger by which the transferring of the loop
over the shuttle is effected, is produced by means of a cam F on the ordinary
cam-shaft S of the loom acting upon a lever F' which works upon a fixed fulcrum f³,
and which is connected by a rod f³ with the finger lever F. The backward
movement of the said finger is produced by a spring ƒ.
g is the finger for drawing out the selvage thread from the shuttle c; this finger
is represented as rigidly secured to the right hand end of the lay C. The said
finger is forked or notched, as shewn in Figure 9, to insure its catching the portion
of the shuttle thread between the fell and the shuttle, and every time the lay beats
up, the said finger catches the said portion of the shuttle thread, which is indicated
at a in Figures 8 and 9, and pulls it forward.
The tension produced on the shuttle thread by the ordinary tension device in the
shuttle is such, that the said finger, before drawing any more thread from the
shuttle will, just before the lay completes its beat, draw out from the selvage any
portion of the shuttle thread that may have been drawn thereinto by the loop t of
the last shot of filling inserted into the warp, and so cause the selvage thread
furnished by the shuttle to be parallel with the warp, after which sufficient thread
will be drawn by the said finger from the shuttle to carry on the selvage to the
next succeeding shot of filling.
The movable weft clamp arranged at the left side of the loom, from whence the
weft or filling is supplied to the needle from a spool arranged in the usual way
for that purpose, consists of two small levers I, J. The lever I, which is shewn
most clearly in Figures 3 and 12, and is also shewn in Figures 2 and 4, works
parallel with the lay and breast-beam or crosswise of the loom, on a fixed fulcrum i'.
Its upper end is so bent or constructed as to form the lower jaw i of the weft

page_text: clamp, and is furnished with two pins or upward projections is (see Figure 12) to
prevent the filling from getting astray. The lever J, which is pivoted by a pin j¹
to the lever I, so that it works to a certain extent independently of the latter in
the same direction, and has its upper end so bent or constructed as to form the
upper jaw j of the clamp and to work between the projections i² on the lower jaw i,
the position of the said pin j¹ being so far outward that the outward movement of
the lever J, independently of the lever I, raises the upper jaw j and opens the clamp
to liberate the filling within it. A spring is applied between the said levers for
the purpose of opening the clamp, and a stop it is attached to the lever I to limit
the independent outward movement of the lever J and prevent the clamp from
opening further than is necessary to liberate the filling. The clamp is worked by
a rod, one end of which is connected with the lever I, and which extends entirely
across the loom to near the end of the needle-carriage-slide D', as shewn in
Figure 3; the outer end of this rod is hooked as shewn at ** in the same Figure
or otherwise so constructed that just before the filling needle a completes its outward
movement the lever D³ or some other part of the needle-operating devices will
catch the said rod and pull it to the right, causing it first to close the clamp on the
filling and afterwards to draw the clamp inward. This operation of the rod on the
clamp is resisted by a spring, which is so applied to the lever I below its fulcrum
as to tend to throw outward the upper end of the said lever. This spring which
holds back the clamp against a fixed stop is, shewn in Figures 3 and 12, until the
proper time for its inward movement, also ensures the closing of the jaws before
its movement commences. The above described operation of the clamp is to
clamp the filling securely while the backward or outward movement of the
needle is completed, and also for a time after the completion of the said movement
and until the loop of the filling has been taken from the needle and carried over
the shuttle by the transferring finger f, and during the operation of the weft-
tightening finger which I will now proceed to describe.
by
The weft-tightening finger l, represented as a simple straight and stiff piece of
metal (see Figures 2, 3, and 4), forms part of or is attached to the upper part of a
lever L which is situated between the clamp I, J, and the adjacent side of the
warp, and which works backward and forward parallel with the warp on a fixed
fulcrum 1. The said finger works between the two prongs of a stationary fork 1ª
secured to the loom-framing, the prongs of the said fork containing eyes through
which the filling h passes in front of the said finger on its way into the warp.
The said lever L is connected by a rod with a lever L¹ which works on a fixed
fulcrum on the back part of the loom, and which is operated upon after the
insertion of each shot of filling to press forward the said lever L and finger
means of the wings on a cam L on the cam shaft S, the finger being (until the
proper time for this operation) held stationary within the fork by means of a
spring which holds the lever L' against a stop (shewn dotted in Figure 2) on
the loom framing. The forward movement of the weft-tightening finger within
and out of the fork takes place after the loop of the filling has been carried
forward off the shuttle, and after the transferring-finger f has moved back, and
while the filling is firmly held by the clamp I, J, and as it moves forward within
and out of the fork it pulls the filling forward in the form of a loop between the
eyes of the fork, thereby drawing back that part of the filling which is in the warp,
and so drawing the filling tight up into the selvage on the right hand side of the
loom.
As the finger returns into the fork and leaves the filling slack between the
eyes in this fork the clamp I, J, moves outward and takes up this slack.
Instead of the fork I, in some cases, employ any two suitable bearing surfaces,
against and between which the filling may be supported while being drawn forward
by the action of the finger 1 to draw its loop into the selvage.
The clamp I, J, performs another office besides that above mentioned of holding
the filling while being tightened in the right hand selvage by the finger l, that is
to say, by clamping the filling while the needle is completing its backward

page_text: movement it enables the needle to draw the filling tight into the left hand
selvage.
Figures 2, 3, 4, of the Drawings (Sheets 1 and 2) also shew the hook N arranged
Dear the fell on the left side of the loom to draw the filling into the nearly vertical
position, which is desirable to enable it to be caught by the needle. This hook
forms no part of the present Invention, but is well known as used in other needle-
looms, and is shewn here simply to enable the relative position of the tightening-
finger to be better understood, the said finger being represented us arranged
nearer to the outside of the loom than the said hook N and the fixed eye n, through
which the filling comes to the range of the said hook. The cam L³, carrying the
wings for operating the tightening finger is represented as the same one as that
employed for operating the said hook N, the operation being effected through a
lever N and a rod n¹.
The second part of this Invention is illustrated in Sheets 3, 4, and 5, of the
Drawings, in which
Figure 1 (Sheet 3) is a central longitudinal vertical section of a loom shewing
only the parts involved in this part of the said Invention.
Figure 2 (Sheet 3) is a sectional view taken in the same plane as Figure 1, but
shewing the working parts on the opposite side of such plane.
Figure 3 (Sheet 4) is a plan or top view of the principal parts of the said loom.
Figure 4 (Sheet 3) is a side view of the cams for operating the tuft-inserting
hooks.
Figures 5 and 6 (Sheet 4) are side views of the transferring-arms and their
operating mechanism.
Figure 7 (Sheet 4) is a back view of a portion of the said mechanism.
Figure 8 (Sheet 4) is a front view of portions of one of the transferring-arms, and
of one of the tuft-yarn spools and its carriage, and several of the "tins" through
which the tuft-yarns are delivered.
Figure 9 (Sheet 4) is an inverted plan of part of one of the above mentioned
carriages and its attached "tins."
Figure 10 (Sheet 4) is a side view of the brush-operating mechanism, shewing
the brush and its shaft in transverse section.
Figure 11 (Sheet 4) is a plan of the cutters, shewing them in different
positions.
Of the Figures represented on Sheet 5,
Figure 12 is a sectional view taken in a plane parallel with the warp, and drawn
to a larger scale than the previously described Figures, shewing a spool and its
carriage and tuft "tins" and one of the tuft-inserting hooks.
Figure 13 is a front view of Figure 12.
Figure 14 is a sectional view parallel with Figure 12, shewing a spool and its
carriage and the brushes.
Figure 15 is a section in the same direction as Figures 12 and 14, shewing a
spool and carriage and the cutters.
Figures 16 and 17 represent side views of the cams for operating one of the
tuft-cutters, and the means through which the cams therein represented transmit
motion to the back cutter.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several Figures of
Sheets 3, 4, and 5.
The loom has the framing A and breast beam B, and other parts common to all
power looms of ordinary form and construction. It has the spool-carriages C¹,
which contain the tuft-yarn spools C, the carrying chains C, which carry the said
carriages, and the transferring-arms D, which take the said carriages from and
raises them to the said chain, constructed and operated as in other looms for weaving
tufted fabrics (as, for instance, in the loom which is the subject of former Letters
Patent, No. 2434, dated October 17th, 1856), except that the said arms, besides
having the usual motions upward and downward and towards and from each other
for transferring the spool-carriages have a motion together sideways, while a

page_text: spool-carriage and spool are in them, to lay the ends of the tuft yarns across the
spaces between the warp yarn. The mechanism for operating the said chains C² is
or may be the same as that described for the purpose in the Specification of the
said former Letters Patent, and is not represented in the Drawings, all that is
necessary to illustrate the improvements relating to the transferring arms being the
lower shaft Cs for working the said chains and a portion of one of the said chains,
as shewn in Figure 1.
The mechanism for operating the transferring arms is fully represented in
Figures 1, 3, 5, 6, and 7. The movement of the said arms sideways or crosswise
of the loom with the spool carriage held between them is produced by a longitudinal
movement given to the rock-shaft D¹ to which the said arms are attached, and in
order to illustrate this a brief description only of the whole of the mechanism for
operating these arms and their rock-shaft will be necessary.
The transferring arms D are not attached directly to the rock-shaft D¹, but are
pivotted at d, d, to arms D2, D2, which are secured rigidly to the said rock-shaft.
The opening movement of the said arms, whereby they are prepared to take hold
of and made to liberate the spool-carriages, is produced by the inner face of a
cam d¹, carried by a cam-head D³ on a rotary cam shaft S, from which the
movements of all the working parts of the loom are derived. The form of the
working face of this cam d¹ is shown in dotted outline in Figures 1, 5, and 6. The
said cam acts for the purpose above mentioned upon a lever D', which has a fixed
fulcrum d, and which is connected by a rod d³ with an elbow-lever D³, which
works crosswise of the loom on a fixed fulcrum d' secured to the upper framing
behind and below the rock-shaft D'. The upper end of this lever acts against the
outer side of a tail piece d' on the rear end of one of the transferring arms D, and
the opening movement of the arın causes a similar movement to be communicated
to the other arm by reason of the two being connected by rods do with a short
lever d' (see Figure 3, Sheet 4), which is by a pivot de pivotted to the upper side
of the rock-shaft D¹. The closing movement of the arms and their grasp of the
spool-carriages are effected by a spring d³, which connects one of the rods do with
one of the arms D. The upward and downward movement of the transferring
arms are produced by a cam D on the shaft S and a spring ", the said cam acting
to produce the upward movement upon a lever D', which works on a fixed
fulcrum do, and connects by a rod do with the arm D' of the rock-shaft D', and the
said spring acting to pull the said lever D7 downward.
The longitudinal movement of the rock-shaft D¹ to produce the movement of the
transferring arms sideways or crosswise of the loom with a spool carriage in thein
is also effected through the elbow lever D³, rod d³, and lever D, though not by the
cam d, a separate cam d¹ on the same cam head D³ being used for this purpose.
The form of the inside face of this cam d" and its position relatively to the cams d'
and Do are shewn in Figures 1, 5, and 6, in dotted lines. The said cam d¹ causes
a stud or roller d₁s carried by the aforesaid elbow-lever D³ to act on the outer side
of a flange or projection d¹ (represented in Figures 1, 5, and 6, of sector or segmental
shape) on the back of one of the arms D³ of the rock shaft D¹. This flange by the
rocking motion of the rock-abaft moves downward out of the way of the stud or
roller d¹³, as shewn in Figure 6, at the times when the opening movements of the
arms are to be produced; but when the shaft is to be moved crosswise, which move-
ment takes place while the front ends of the transferring arms are at or near their
lowest position, the said flange is brought by the said rocking movement to a
The cam d¹º
position opposite the said stud or roller, as shewn in Figures 1 and 5.
only produces the movement of the rock shaft in one direction, its movement in the
other direction being produced by a spiral spring DB (see Figure 3, Sheet 4) coiled
around it between one of the arms D' and the adjacent side framing of the
loom.
To provide for the longitudinal movement of the rock shaft it is shewn in
Figure 3, Sheet 4, as supported on centre screws d*1 screwed into the framing, but
it inay be fitted to slide in journal boxes on the framing. The clutches c¹ (see

page_text: Figure 8, Sheet 4) which attach the carriage to the arms are or may be like these
in the loom described in the Specification of the said former Letters Patent, and
in that described in the Specification of former Letters Patent, No. 235, dated
January 18, 1877, or of any known or suitable construction.
The laying of the ends of the tuft-yarns across the spaces of the warp by the
above described transverse movement of the arms and spool carriage and spool held
between them is illustrated in Figure 13, Sheet 5, in which a, a, indicate the warp-
yarns, and b, b, the ends of the tuft-yarns projecting downward through the "tins"
or holders c, c, attached to the carriage C¹. These "tins" are represented similar
to these described in the Specification of the first named former Letters Patent, and
their construction is shewn in Figures 8 and 9, Sheet 4. The ends of the tuft
yarns protrude sufficiently through these "tins" to be engaged in the warps, and
while the carriage and spool are descending the so protruding parts of the said
yarns are straight, but just before the ends come in contact with the warp the
sidewise movement of the transferring-arms and the carriage and spool takes place,
sweeping the ends over the warp and causing the parts of the yarns which are to
form a row of tufts to lie over the spaces of the warp, as shewn in Figure 13,
Sheet 5, ready to be seized by the hooks e, e, which are employed to draw them
through the warp. These hooks e, e, (shewn in Figures 1, 2, 3, 12, and 13) of
which there are as many as the number of tufts in a row, are all secured firmly to a
straight bar E, which is arranged transversely to the loom and pivotted in the
ends of two arms E¹, E³, secured to a rock shaft E2, which is fitted to rock on centre
screws e¹³, or in suitable bearings in arms E** on the side frames of the loom. The
said hooks have two movements, namely, an upward and downward movement,
produced by the movement of the rock shaft E2 on its axis, and a tilting movement
backward and forward produced by the rocking of the bar E. These movements,
which are best illustrated in Figures 2 and 12, are produced by a cam E³ on the
rotary cam shaft S. This cam, which is shewn separately in Figure 4 and partly
shewn in Figures 2 and 3, has an offset e¹, by which the movement of the rock shaft
E' is produced, and a wing e, by which the separate rocking movement of the bar E
is produced. The offset e acts upon a roller e¹ carried by a lever E, which works
on a fixed fulcrum e, and which is connected by a rod e with an arm 6 (see
Figure 2, Sheet 3) rigidly secured to the rock shaft E. The wing e² acts а
roller e*, which is carried by a lever Es, which works upon a fixed fulcrum e³,
upon
which is connected by a rod with one end of a small elbow lever E, which works
loosely upon the rock-shaft E, and the other end of which is connected by a rod e³
with an arm e10 on the hook bar E. The levers E and E³ are held in contact with
each cam by springs ell and e¹º.
and
The arrangement of the book bar and its carrying rock-shaft and of the several
levers and connections above described is such, and the movements of their operating
cams are so timed, that the books, which in common with all the tuft inserting
apparatus are only required to operate at every fourth beat of the lay, remain when
at rest in the depressed condition shewn in Figure 1, which is the lowest position
shewn in Figure 12. The first movement, which is produced by the action of the
cam offset e¹ on the rock shaft E, is simply upward, and when this movement has
proceeded some distance the cam wing e acts on the hook-bar to tilt the hooks
backward to about the position shewn in dotted outline in Figure 12, Sheet 5.
The continued upward movement of the bar carries the hooks through the warp,
the shed of which is at this time closed, and after they have passed through the
warp the action of the cam wing e2 is to tilt the bar and the hooks forward to
bring the latter over the tuft yarns lying on the warp, as indicated by the highest
position of the hooks shewn in Figure 12 (Sheet 5). The downward movement of
the hook bar is then produced by the means shewn, and this draws the books down
through the warp, causing them to pull through the ends of the tuft yarns, which
then protrude through the warp, as shewn at 6' in Figure 12, ready to be swept
upward and turned back through the warp by the brush F after a shot of filling
has been inserted behind the tuft yarns and the shed has been closed on the said

page_text: shot. By the above described compound movement of the hooks, namely, upward
through the warp behind the tufts before tilting and afterwards tilting forward
over the tufts before descending, the drawing through of the tufts without any
disarrangement of them is secured.
The brush F, which is shewn in Figures 1, 2, 3, 10, and 14, Sheets 3, 4, and 5,
has its back composed of a straight bar arranged across and below the warp, and
having on its upper side bristles of hair or other suitable elastic material, long
enough to protrude through the closed shed of the warp, and stiff enough to pass
through the warp and brush the weft through it, but yet of a sufficiently flexible
nature to yield in a considerable degree to the resistance produced in the tuft by
the friction of the warp in the passage of the tufts through the warp. This brush
is pivotted at its ends by centre screws e¹, or otherwise, to the front ends of
two arms F¹ secured to a rock shaft F, which is fitted to rock between centre
screws f, or in suitable bearings in arms FS secured to the side framing of the loom.
The said brush has two movements, namely, an upward and downward movement
produced by the movement of the rock shaft about its axis, and a rocking or turning
movement produced by the independent rocking of the brush itself on its pivots el
in the arms F. These movements are produced by a cam F on the cam-shaft S.
This cam, which is best shewn in Figure 10, has an offset f¹ by which the movement
of the rock shaft F₁ is produced, and a wing f' by which the independent rocking
or turning of the brush itself is produced.
The offset f¹ acts upon a lever F5 which works on a fixed fulcrum f³ secured to
the loom framing, and the front end of which is connected by a rod f' with an
arm Fe of the rock shaft F. The wing f of the cam acts upon the lower end of
a lever F which works on a fixed fulcrum f secured to the loom framing, and the
upper end of which is connected by a rod fo with a short lever F8 which rocks
loosely upon the rock shaft F, the said lever Fe being connected by a rod f' with
an arm 78 secured rigidly to the bar of the brush F. The lever F is kept in
contact with the cam F by means of the spiral spring d" which connects the said
lever with the lever D7. The lever F has its return movement after the action of
the cam wing produced by a spring f10 connecting it with a fixed portion of the
loom, and a spring f" is applied to the lever Fs to produce the forward rocking or
turning movement of the brush, the cam wing f acting directly to produce only
the backward tilting, rocking, or turning movement of the brush.
The movement of the cam F4 is so timed, and the arrangement of the brush F
and its carrying arms F1, and their connections is such that the brush, until
required to operate, is at rest below the warp in the position shown in Figures
1 and 2 (Sheet 3), which is also the lowest position of the brush, shewn in
Figure 14 (Sheet 5), in which position it remains until after the shot of filling has
been inserted behind the tuft yarns, as herein before described, when by the operation
of the cam-offset f¹ on the rock shaft FB it is raised until it arrives close under the
fell of the fabric, and in front of the downwardly protruding tuft-yarns. The
brush is then rocked or turned over upward and backward on its pivots e¹, while
its upward movement with the arms F¹ continues, and it is so caused to brush up
the tuft yarns close under and behind the filling, and carry them up through the
warp, as shewn at 6, in Figure 14 (Sheet 5), by its bristles passing through the
latter. The backward rocking or turning movement continues while the brush
commences descending, and the bristles are so carried back out of the way of the
tufts and withdrawn from the warp, after which another shot of filling is inserted.
By the following beat of the lay this shot is beaten up and the tufts are secured
and made ready to be cut off in front of the fell by the action of the cutters
G and H.
These cutters, G and H, which are shewn in Figures 1, 3, and 11 (Sheets 3 and 4),
consist of two shear blades which are arranged crosswise of the loom above the
warp. The front cutter G, which preferably is the upper one and has a straight
edge, is arranged at right angles to the warp, and has a simple backward and
forward movement. The back cutter H, which has preferably a curved edge, has a

page_text: peculiar movement, which will be presently described, for the purpose of causing
only a small portion of each one to be at any time in action.
The stock G of the cutter G is carried by two arms G³ which are firmly secured
to a rock-shaft G³ arranged to work between centre screws g, or otherwise, in fixed
bearings secured to the front part of the loom framing A, and the movement of
this cutter is produced by a cam G' (see Figure 2, Sheet 3) on the cam-shaft S, the
said cam acting on a bell-crank lever Go (see Figure 2, Sheet 3) working on a fixed
fulcrum g', the said lever being furnished with a roller g* bearing on the said cam,
and being connected by a rod g³ with an arm g of the rock shaft g³. The cutter
stock G is drawn forward after the action of the cam G by a spring g* (see
Figure 1, Sheet 3) which connects one of the arms G' with the breast beam.
The stock H of the back cutter H is fitted to slide to and fro in guides h in two
rigid arms h¹ secured to the framing of the loom, the said guides having a slight
downward and forward inclination, as shewn in Figure 1, Sheet 3. The said stock
is connected by two rods h* and h³, one at each end, with two levers H* and H³,
which are acted upon by two cams H** and H³* carried by the cam shaft S. The
lever H2 nearest the left hand side of the loom, shewn in Figure 1, works on a fixed
fulcrum hs, and is actuated to produce the forward movement of its corresponding
end of the cutter H. The cam H is shewn dotted in Figure 1, Sheet 3, and is
also shewn fully in Figure 16 (Sheet 5), where the cam disc H to which it is
secured is also shewn. The backward movement of the cutter is produced by
springs h and h7 applied to the levers H* and H³. The lever H³ nearest the right
hand side of the loom, shewn in Figure 2, Sheet 3, works on a fixed fulcrum h6,
and is actuated to produce the forward movement of its corresponding end of the
cutter by the cam H*, which is shewn dotted in Figure 2 (Sheet 3), and is also
shewn fully in Figure 17 (Sheet 5), where the cam disc H to which it is secured,
and the cutter H and lever H³ and their connections are also shewn.
The cams G, H2*, and H³* are relatively so arranged on the shaft S and the
levers upon which they operate and the connections between the said levers and
the cutter stocks so operate that the two cutters approach each other from before
and behind those portions of the tuft yarn between the fell and the spool from
which the said yarns are supplied, and the front cutter G comes to a stop with its
edge close to the yarns, while the back one H continues moving forward, as
illustrated in Figure 11 (Sheet 4), with one end 20 in advance of the other until
the said end passes the edge of the front one G, as shewn in Figure 11 (Sheet 4),
and stops while the other end 21 continues to move forward until it passes the
edge of the cutter G; in this way the several portions of the edges of the cutters H,
beginning at 20, and ending at 21, are caused to pass each other in successión like
the blades of a pair of shears, so that only small portions of the edges of the cutters
are in operation at any time, and the cutting is effected with little resistance, and
morcover this movement of the cutter H causes its edge to have a slight longitudinal
movement relatively, to the edge of the cutter G, by which a slight drawing
action is produced, which also facilitates the operation and tends to make a very
clean cut.
The heddles and other parts not herein mentioned or represented in the
Drawings of a loom with these improvements may be constructed, arranged, and
operated as in other looms; for instance, that described in the Specification of the
aforesaid Letters Patent, No. 2434, dated October 17, 1856, or in any other suitable
manner. The lay L may be also constructed and operated as in other looms for
weaving the same kind of goods. It is represented in Figure 1, Sheet 3, of the
Drawings as carried by swords L' on a rock shaft L', operated by a cam L³ (having
four offsets ) on the rotating cain shaft S, the said cam acting on a lever L4 which
works on a fixed fulcrum l' and is connected by a rod L' with an arm L on the
rockshaft L.
A spring is applied to keep in contact with the cam L³ the roller ♬ provided
on the lever L*.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my

page_text: foreign correspondents and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim,―
First. The combination in a loom of a weft-carrying needle and mechanism for
operating the same, a stationary shuttle-bearing, a stationary shuttle lying in the
Baid bearing, a weft-transferring-finger arranged to work backward and forward in
the loom parallel with the warp, and mechanism for operating the said finger to
carry the loops of the weft over the said shuttle, all substantially as herein described.
Second. The combination in a loom with a weft-inserting needle and mechanism
for operating the same, and a stationary shuttle for carrying a selvage thread for
securing the weft of the forked weft-transferring finger f, the lever F, on which
the said finger is formed, or to which it is attached, the rod f³, the lever F2, and the
cam F¹, the whole arranged and operating substantially as above set forth and
for the purpose specified.
Third. The combination in a loom in which the weft is inserted by a needle, of a
stationary shuttle for supplying a selvage-thread for securing the weft, and a finger
attached to and moving with the lay for the purpose of drawing the thread from
the said shuttle and evening the selvage, substantially as herein described.
Fourth. The combination in a loom of a weft-carrying needle, and mechanism
for operating the same, a weft-clamp arranged on that side of the loom whence the
weft is supplied and capable of a movement in a direction crosswise of the loom,
and mechanism for producing such movement of the said clamp and for opening and
closing the same, substantially as above set forth and for the purpose specified.
Fifth. The combination in a loom of a weft-carrying needle, and mechanism for
passing the same through the warp from one side of the loom, a weft-clamp arranged
on the opposite side of the loom and capable of a movement crosswise thereof, and
a rod extending across the loom and connecting said clamp with the said needle or
its operating mechanism, whereby the said clamp has its movement produced by
the same mechanism by which the said needle is operated, substantially as herein
described.
Sixth. The combination in a loom of a weft-carrying needle, and mechanism for
operating the same, a weft-clamp arranged on that side of the loom whence the
weft is supplied, mechanism for moving the said clamp in a direction crosswise of
the loom and a weft-tightening finger arranged to operate on the weft between the
said clamp and the adjacent side of the warp, and mechanism for producing the
operation of the said finger, substantially as herein described.
Seventh. The weft-clamp consisting of the lever I, furnished with one clamping
jaw, a lever J pivotted to the said lever I, and furnished with the other clamping
jaw, a spring applied to said levers to open the said jaws and a stop to
restrict the opening of the said jaws, in combination with mechanism connected
with the lever J, whereby the jaws are first closed and afterwards caused to move
together, substantially as herein described.
Eighth. The combination with the weft-carrying needle and its operating
mechanism of the weft-clamp composed of the two levers I, J, pivotted together
and furnished with jaws i, j, a spring for opening the said jaws, and a stop i* to
restrict the opening thereof, and a connection between the lever J and the needle
operating mechanism, whereby the jaws are first closed and then caused to move
with the needle, substantially as herein described.
Ninth. The combination with the tuft yarn spool carriages and their transferring-
arms of mechanism for giving to the said arms, and a spool-carriage held between
them, a movement transverse to the warp or crosswise of the loom, for the purpose
of laying the ends of the tuft-yarns across the spaces in the warp, substantially as
herein described.
Tenth. The combination with the rock-shaft and the spool-transferring-arms
attached thereto, of mechanism for giving to the said rock shaft a longitudinal
motion, substantially as above set forth and for the purpose specified.
Eleventh. The combination with the rock shaft D', carrying the spool-transferring
arms and furnished with the flange d, of the cam d¹, the lever D, the rod d³, and

page_text: the lever D³, and spring D8 for producing a longitudinal movement of the said rock
shaft, substantially as above set forth and for the purpose specified.
Twelfth. The combination with the longitudinally moving rock shaft D' furnished
with a flange or projection d, the spool transferring arms D, D, one of which is
provided with a tail piece d³ carried by the said rock shaft, the lever d', and the
rods d³ connecting the said arms, the two cams d¹ and d¹³, the levers D' and D³,
connected together and operated by the said two cams successively, and means for
oscillating the said rock shaft to raise and lower the arms D, D, whereby the
opening movements of the transferring arms and their movement together crosswise
of the loom are both effected by the same levers D' and D³, substantially as herein
described.
Thirteenth. The combination with the tuft yarn spool-carriages and attached
tuft-holders, and means of imparting to the said carriages and tuft-holders a move-
ment crosswise of the loom to lay the ends of the tuft yarns across the spaces of
the warp, of a series of hooks for entering the said space, and means for carrying
the said hooks upward through and withdrawing them downward from the warp
to pull through the warp the portions of the tuft yarn so laid across its spaces,
substantially as herein described.
Fourteenth. The combination with the spool-carriages and their transferring
arms having a movement together in the same direction crosswise of the loom for
the purpose of laying the tuft yarns across the space of the warp, of a series of
hooks and mechanism for inserting the same through and withdrawing them from
the warp, substantially as above set forth and for the purpose specified.
Fifteenth. The combination in a loom of a series of hooks for inserting the ends
of tuft yarns through the warp, mechanism for giving the said hooks an upward
and downward motion through the warp, and mechanism for tilting the said hooks
forward and backward, substantially as herein described.
Sixteenth. The combination in a loom of a series of hooks for inserting the ends
of tuft yarns through the warp, a bar to which said hooks are firmly attached, a
rockshaft furnished with arms, into which the said bar is pivotted to tilt the said
hooks, mechanism for producing the movement of the said rock shaft, and mechanism
for producing the movement of the said bar on its pivots, substantially as above set
forth and for the purpose specified.
Seventeenth. The combination of the rock-shaft Es provided with the arms E¹, eª,
the hook-bars E pivotted to the said arms E¹, and furnished with an arm e10, the
lever E working loosely on the said rock-shaft, the cam E³, the levers E and E³
operated by the said cain, and the rods e³, e³, connecting the said levers with the
arms and e¹, all substantially as herein described.
Eighteenth. The combination in a loom of means for inserting the ends of tuft
yarns through the warp, a brush arranged below the warp, and mechanism for
producing a movement of the said brush, whereby it is made to turn back the
ends of the tuft through the warp, substantially as herein described.
Nineteenth. The combination in a loom of a brush arranged below the position
of the warp for brushing back through the warp in an upward direction the ends
of tuft yarns which have been inserted downward through the warp, mechanism for
producing an upward and downward movement of the said brush, and mechanism
for producing an independent rocking or turning movement of the said brush,
substantially as herein described and for the purpose specified.
Twentieth. The combination in a power loom of tuft-yarn-carriers and mechanism
for moving them crosswise of the loom to lay the tuft yarn across the spaces of the
warp books, and mechanism for operating the same, to insert the so laid tuft-yarns
through the warp, and a brush and mechanism for operating the same to brush
back through the warp the ends of the so inserted tuft yarns, substantially as
herein described.
Twenty-first. The combination in a loom for weaving tufted fabrics of two-tuft-
cutters, one of which has a straight edge and the other a curved edge, and mechanism
for moving the two ends of one of the said cutters independently and successively

page_text: towards the other of the said cutters, substantially as above set forth and for the
purpose specified.
Twenty-second. The combination with the back cutter H, and its stock H¹ of
the guides h for the ends of the said stock, the two cams H**, H**, the two
levers H³, H³, to be operated upon independently and at different times by the said
cams, and independent connections between the said levers and the cutter-stock H',
all substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
W". ROBT. LAKE. (L.S.)