AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MASHING AND MIXING
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Rowland, of Salisbury, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MASHING AND MIXING,"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Rowland at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
August 1859.
I, JAMES ROWLAND, of Salisbury, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MASHING AND MIXING," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists of a tub for mashing or mixing different ingredients
in, and is provided with a shaft in its centre, the lower part of which is
dropped into a step. The upper end of said shaft has a bevelled toothed
wheel keyed thereon, to which motion is imparted by suitable means.
Between the top of the tub and the bevelled wheel is firmly secured a spur
wheel to cross pieces, and which allows of the free motion of the shaft through
its centre. Around the outer edge of this wheel moves a pinion, in the centre
of which is another shaft, extending almost to the bottom of the tub, and
parallel to that before mentioned; said shafts are secured one to the other by
arms. Upon the pinion shaft are agitators' placed all round, so as to form a
screw; thus it will appear evident that when the centre shaft is set in motion
by steam or other power, the pinion, shaft, and agitators will revolve round the

page_text: toothed wheel above the centre shaft (similar to the well-known sun-and-planet
motion), at a speed according to the relative sizes of the wheel and pinion,
thus thoroughly mixing the ingredients contained in the tub.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Rowland, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
1st February 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
ROWLAND, of Salisbury, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Rowland, Her special licence that I, the said James
Rowland, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said James Rowland, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR MASHING AND MIXING," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said James Rowland, ny executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under iny, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Rowland, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention consists of a tub for mashing or mixing different ingredients
in, and is provided with a shaft in its centre, the lower part of which is
dropped into a step. The upper end of said shaft has a bevelled toothed
wheel keyed thereon, to which motion is imparted by suitable means.
Between the top of the tub and the bevelled wheel is firmly secured a spur
wheel to cross pieces, and which allows of the free motion of the shaft

page_text: through its centre. Around the outer edge of this wheel moves a pinion, in
the centre of which is another shaft, extending almost to the bottom of the
tub, and parallel to that before mentioned; said shafts are secured on to the
other by arms. Upon the pinion shaft are agitators placed all round, so as
to form a screw; thus it will appear evident, that when the centre shaft is set
in motion by steam or other power, the pinion, shaft, and agitators will revolve
round the toothed wheel above the centre shaft (similar to the well-known sun-
and-planet motion), at a speed according to the relative sizes of the wheel
and pinion, thus thoroughly mixing the ingredients contained in the tub.
In order to explain the said Invention as completely as possible, I now
proceed to describe the best means I am acquainted with. for carrying the
same into practical effect, reference being had to the illustrative Sheet of
Drawings hereto annexed, and to the numeral figures and letters of reference
marked thereon respectively, as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a top plan view of the mixing tub, with the cover detached,
and Figure 2 sectional elevation. Similar letters of reference denote corres-
ponding parts at each of the Figures respectively. a, a, is the mashing or
mixing tub, with a vertical shaft b in the centre thereof working in a step c
at the bottom of the tub. On the upper part of the shaft 6 is a spur wheel d,
allowing the shaft b to move freely in its centre, but being itself firmly secured
to cross bars or framing c. On the upper part of the tub, at the extreme end
of the shaft b, is attached a bevelled wheel f, to which motion is imparted by
another wheel g, the same being derived from any convenient suitable driving
power. On one side of the tub is placed an agitator with blades h secured
to its shaft i, on the top of which is a pinion j taking into the spur wheel d,
and kept in gear therewith by a rotating arm & affixed to the main shaft b,
to which also is attached another arm 1 at bottom (provided with a step) for
the shaft i to move freely in. Thus it will be seen, that as the arms and
rotate with the main shaft b, the pinion j will also rate around the teeth of
the spur wheel d, thus giving the desired motion to the agitator.
Having now fully described the nature and object of my said Invention
of "An Improved Apparatus for Mashing and Mixing," together with the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I would remark in conclusion
that I do not confine myself to the precise details herein described, and
shewn in the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, as many slight alterations
may be made therein without in any way departing from the principle of my
Invention; but what I claim as my Invention intended to be securod to me

page_text: by the herein in part recited Letters Patent is, causing the agitator to rotate
at a greater speed than the centre shaft, consequently making many revolutions
during its passage round the tub, in the manner and for the purpose herein
fully described and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Rowland, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
ISAAC YOUNG,
Salisbury.
JAMES ROWLAND. (L.B.)