Improvements in Pneumatic Apparatus for use in connection with the Ventilation of Ships.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 18th July, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 14th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 1st July, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Apparatus for use in connection with
the Ventilation of Ships.
I, JAMES WING, of 97 Charlton Lane New Charlton, in the County of Kent
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists in the application of a closed circuit of air throughout the
ship or in such parts or portions as it may be desired to treat specially for the
purposes of the ventilation or clearance from foul gases, or petroleum vapour or
otherwise, of holds, compartments or divisions with closed hatches and manholes.
This closed air circulation is produced by a pair of air pumps or compressors, one
of which forces the air through pipes or suitable channels into holds, compartments
or divisions; whilst the other air pump or compressor exhausts the gas or con-
taminated air through a similar series of pipes or suitable channels, and discharges it
into the atmosphere, into the sea, or at an elevation from the top of a tank, mast or.
hollow funnel, or through a water tank. In this way petroleum can be pumped
from its tank or reservoir with the hatches or manhole closed and all danger of
In
accidental ignition of combustible gases or explosive mixtures can be avoided.
combination with the air pumps or compressors, reservoirs of air, compressed to any
required degree of tension can be employed and connected directly with the pneu-
matic pipes and air service either in conjunction with the air pumps when working
or independently of them whether the air pumps are working or not working. By
the employment of compressed air results are obtainable by the expansion of the
air which are very serviceable to cargoes of vegetables, cotton and other heating
materials..
The compressed air by its expansion would also possess beneficial influences on
cattle carried between decks. Two other practical advantages derived from the
use of a closed forced circulation and of the air under compression are that the
supply of air and the exhaust of foul gases can be carried on independent of rough
weather and that all cowlls and other encumbering deck gear required by fan or
other open circulation are done away with. In the drawings 1, 2, 3 & 4 I have
figured illustrations of the applications of my invention and the particular details
and novelties therein combined in the cases of a cargo vessel, a petroleum vessel,
and a cattle vessel respectively; as also the combination of the two air pumps or
compressors.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Apparatus for use in connection with
the Ventilation of Ships.
1, JAMES WING of 97 Charlton Lane New Charlton in the County of Kent
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention consists in the application of a closed circuit of air throughout the
ship or in such parts or portions as it may be desired to treat specially for the
purposes of ventilation or clearance from foul gases or petroleum vapour or other-
wise of holds compartments or divisions with closed hatches & manholes.
The closed air circulation is produced by a pair of air pumps or compressors one
of which forces the air through pipes or suitable channels into holds compartments
or divisions whilst the other air pump or compressor exhausts the gas or con-
taminated air through a similar series of pipes or suitable channels and discharges it
into the atmosphere, into the sea or at an elevation from the top of the tank, a mast,
or hollow funnel or through a water tank. In this way petroleum can be pumped
from its tank or reservoir with the hatches or manholes closed, and all danger of
accidental ignition of combustible gas or explosive mixtures can be avoided.
In combination with the air pumps or compressors reservoirs of air compressed
to any required degree of tension can be employed and connected directly with the
pneumatic pipes & air service either in connection with the air pumps when
working or independently of them whether the air pumps are working or not
working.
By the employment of compressed air results are obtainable by the expansion of
the air which are very serviceable to cargoes of vegetables, cotton, and other
heating materials. The compressed air by its expansion would also possess
beneficial influences on cattle carried between decks.
Two other practical advantages are derived from the use of a closed forced
circulation and of the air under compression namely that the supply of air and the
exhaust of foul gases can be carried on independent of rough weather and that all
cowls and other encumbering deck gear required by fan or open circulation are done
away with.
In the drawings filed with my Provisional Specification Figures 1 2 3 & 4 I have
figured illustrations of the application of my invention, and the particular details
and novelties therein combined in the cases of a cargo vessel, a petroleum vessel,
and a cattle vessel respectively as also the combination of the two air pumps or
compressors.
Fig. 1 shows a cargo vessel with two air pumps or compressors A P placed in
the engine room, one exhausting the foul air, the other compressing and supplying
fresh air to the cargo holds C.H. The steam cylinders for working the air pumps
or compressors are shown at S.S. The pipes E are for drawing off the foul air
from within the compartments (CH) and the pipes S are for the supply of the
vacancy caused by the exhaust. The like arrangements are shown in the ballast
tanks B.T. The discharge of the exhausted air is shown at D. above the upper
deck, and a discharge is also shown by the main mast M. The origin of the fresh
air supply is shown above deck at a spot parallel with D & marked D' on the
farther side of the vessel.
Fig. 2 shows a petroleum tank vessel similarly fitted, the same letters being
employed in all the drawings to indicate the corresponding definitions. In this
case the air pumps or compressors A P are placed in the forepart of the vessel
clear of the tank and steam is supplied to them from the main boiler B aft. A
store of compressed air is shown at C for supplying air when steam is not available.

page_text: The discharge of foul air by the Kingston valve is shown at K and by the fore-
mast at M.
Fig. 3 shows a cattle vessel with two sets of air pumps or compressors placed
one A P in the engine room B the other above deck at A P¹. The exhaust from
the coal bunkers is shown at E'.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged elevation of the air pumps or compressors A. P & of the
steam cylinders S S connected therewith.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is.
The application of a closed circuit of air produced by air pumps or com-
pressors through the whole or any part or parts of a vessel or ship for the
purposes of ventilation and clearance of the holds, compartments, and divisions
with closed hatches and manholes, from foul air, gases, and petroleum and other
vapours substantially as herein illustrated and described.
Dated this Eleventh day of April 1893.
JAMES WING.