Burner for Producing Hollow Contiguous Flat Flame in Petroleum and other Oil Lamps.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 29th May, 1891-Accepted, 4th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Burner for Producing Hollow Contiguous Flat Flame in Petroleum
and other Oil Lamps.
WILLIAM FRASER No. 694 Lower Woolwich Road Charlton Kent Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
Construction of burner to produce a contiguous flat flame in lamps of centre
draught, using tubular wick (W) in sheath or tube with chimney inclosing flame (F)
as shewn in accompanying drawing Figs. 1 & 2 which are respectively half-sections
through lines marked (XX) and (YY) shewn in Fig. 3.
The wick and air tubes (T T) which I employ are of an elliptical or flattened
(circular) form as shewn at Fig. 3 which is an enlarged plan of the tubes. Space
is left as shewn at (A) for centre draught shewn by arrow in Fig. 1. The sides
of the tubes (TT) are sharply introverted at burner ends as shewn at (T²).
An ordinary dome or cap (D) with diametrical slot (S) is used shewn by dotted
lines in Fig. 3 draughts (indicated by arrows) being admitted independently under
and outside said dome (D).
By this means the flame (F) is further flattened as shewn at Fig. 2 the resulting
contiguity of its sides increasing the superficial area and illuminosity; and
augmenting the combustion of the oil gases.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Burner for Producing Hollow Contiguous Flat Flame in Petroleum
and other Oil Lamps.
1, WILLIAM FRASER of 694 Lower Woolwich Road Charlton, Kent, Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My invention relates firstly to the construction of burners in lamps of centre
draught so as to produce duple flames kept separate by an air current between
them, but so closely contraposed as almost to form a single flame, or similarly, to
produce a duple flame having an air current between its sides which are so closely
contraposed as almost to form a single flame, or similarly, to produce two concentric
flames kept separate by an air current between them, but almost forming a single
flame; and secondly, my invention relates to an extinguishing device in connection
with the first improvement. Both improvements are adaptable to existing lamps
with but a slight alteration of the burner.
In order to make my invention more clear I refer to the accompanying drawing
and to that left with the Provisional Specification, in which similar letters denote
similar parts throughout the different figures.
Figs. 1, 2 & 3 show one arrangement of my contrivance.
Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively half longitudinal sections through lines marked X.X
17

page_text: Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section to show that the extinguishing device may be
dispensed with.
Figs. 7, 8 and 9 show an arrangement for adapting my invention to existing
humane
dispensed with.
Fig. 7, 8 and 9 show an arrangement for adapting my invention to existing
Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section through lines marked Y. Y. on
Fig. 8 which is a plan.
Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section through lines marked X. X. ou Fig. 8.
A. is the air passage.
T. T. are the wick tubes which may be turned inwards at the top as shown
at T
D. is the dome, shown by dotted lines except in Figs. 1 and 2.
S. is the slot, or flame passage, in the dome.
W. is the wick.
F. is the flame.
C. C. are the ferrules, or caps, which may be used for the adaptation of my
contrivance to existing centre draught lamps.
Draughts are indicated by feathered arrows.
In the arrangement shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 I use an annular wick enclosed in
tubes, or sheaths, preferably of the form shown in Fig. 3, but they may be of any
convenient shape provided that at the top they are flattened to assume substantially
a form such as those shown at Figs. 3 and 8, or such other convenient form as will
enclose a narrow space substantially such as those marked A in Figs. 3 and 8 to
admit draught within the flame.
Over the wiek tubes I use an ordinary dome, or cap, D, with a slot, or flame
passage, S.
The flame is impelled by the draught within it through the slot in the dome,
other draughts, indicated by arrows, are admitted under and outside the dome, and
the sides of the flame are impelled together, heing separated only by the internal
draught which increases the area and power of the flame by augmenting the
combustion of the oil gases.
Similar results are obtained by using two wicks contraposed as shown at Fig. 5,
the other parts of the burner remaining unaltered. Though I prefer them so,
the wicks need not be flat, if they are arranged so as to have a narrow space
between them for the admission of draught between the flames which aro impelled
together through the slot in the done so as to form a single flame but for the
division maintained by the draught. These flames being substantially the same as
the flame before described in connection with Figs. 1, 2 and 3.
Or a single wick may be used in wick tubes of a "U" shape, the other parts of
the burner remaining unaltered.
The ferrules, or caps, shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are intended to be fitted on to the
cylindrical wick tubes T. T. of ordinary centre draught lamps; a dome as herein-
before described is then fitted above them, thus producing a burner similar to that
shown at Figs. 1, 2 and 3.
In another arrangement two concentric annular wicks are used with the necessary
tubes, or sheaths: two concentric tubes to hold the inner wick, and two more to
hold the outer wick. A different arrangement of substantially the same dome is
used, an annular slot, or flame passage, being employed.
Spaco is left between the outer of the two inner wick tubes and the inner of
the two outer wick tubes for the admission of draught between the concentric
flames.
Draught from within the innermost tube is admitted within the inner flame, and
further draught is supplied outside the flames. The flames are impelled together
through the slot in the dome so as almost to form a single annular flame, and are
substantially the same as those described in connection with Fig. 5.
Forms of the extinguishing device are shown at Figs. 2, 4 and 7.
The tops of the wick tubes are sharply introverted as shown.
When the-wick

page_text: "
is withdrawn within the bend at the top of the tubes or turned down the flame
is immediately extinguished.
The burner however, need not have the introversion at the tops of the wick
tubes, see Fig. 6.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
In oil burners:
1. Wick tubes the inner of which encloses a narrow space to admit draught
within the flame and which are used in combination with a dome to produce a
duple flame substantially as described.
2. Wick tubes the inner of which encloses a narrow space to admit draught
between the sides of the flame and which are used in combination with a dome to
produce a duple flame substantially as described.
3. Wick tubes separated by a narrow space to admit draught between the flames
and used in combination with a dome to produce duple flames substantially as
described.
4. Wick tubes separated by a narrow space to adinit draught between the flames
and used in combination with a dome to produce concentric flames substantially
as described.
5. Ferrules to be fitted to ordinary cylindrical wick tubes and used in combination
with a dome to produce a duple flame substantially as described.
6. The introversion of the tops of the wick tubes, substantially as described,
in order to extinguish the flame when the wick is withdrawn, or "turned down."
Dated this 28th day of May 1891.
WILLIAM FRASER.