IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CARRYING ON SUBMARINE OPERATIONS
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Henry Tuck, of Pall Mall, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR CARRYING ON SUBMARINE OPERATIONS."-A communication.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Henry Tuck at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th September 1855.
I, JOSEPH HENRY TUCK, of Pall Mall, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CARRYING ON SUBMARINE OPERATIONS," (being a com-
munication from abroad,) to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the adaptation and application of the apparatus,
herein-after described, to the purpose of carrying on submarine operations,
such apparatus consisting of the diving bell or other suitable vessel and its
appurtenances, combined with tools or instruments required in such operations.
The diving bell or other suitable vessel is constructed so as to afford the
means of readily compensating for the variation in the relative density of the
air contained in the working chamber of the bell and the water underneath
it, occasioned by the variation in the depth of the column of water above it.
This end is accomplished, in the first place, by means of a drop weight at the
bottom of the bell, combined with an escape valve of suitable construction at

page_text: the top of the same, both these being capable of being acted upon as required
by the diver from within the working chamber. The same end is accomplished,
in the second place, without the aid of the diver, by means of a series of
channels or passages formed or fixed within, or upon or near the bottom of the
bell, through which channels the surplus air is allowed to pass out of the bell
as soon as the air in the working chamber has by its expansion expelled the
water below the level of the upper side of the channel.
The pump for supplying air to the Bell of other vessel consists of a chamber.
with a partition in it, terminating at the lower part in an open cylinder,
through which a piston is worked. On each side of the said partition at the
upper part are fitted two valves, the one opening inwards and the other out-
wards. The two latter valves are contained in a chamber which is inclosed
in a jacket. kept cool by a constant supply of water. Through the two former
valves is supplied a sufficient quantity of water to make up for waste in each
stroke of the pump piston. By this arrangement of the pump, cylinder,
chambers, and valves, the condensed air is cooled, as required, by the water
surrounding the valve chamber, and covering the eduction valves, and a
sufficient supply of water to make up for waste is maintained.
In a speaking tube, used as a means of communication from the surface of
the water, is contained a thin flexible diaphragm, which is capable of trans-
mitting sounds by its vibrations while it intercepts the passage of air and
water. The bell to give alarm is struck by means of a wire (carried through
a tube to the surface of the water), which is made to act upon the hammer by
means of a lever, on the fulcrum or centre of motion of which the hammer
is placed.
A chamber inserted in the side of the bell or other vessel, for the purpose of
working therefrom upon any external object (without the admission of water),
consists of a chest inserted in the side of the bell, and extending into the
working chamber, which chest has in it a moveable partition, working in a
stuffing box by means of a lever; the inner end of this chest has also a stuffing
box, through which is worked the holder, for the tool or article which is
intended to be worked, or fixed in the side of the vessel or other external
object.
An apparatus for drilling, boring, or otherwise acting upon rocks or other
substances under water, the mechanism of which is actuated by means of
condensed air or other suitable motive power conveyed thereto through a
pipe or hose, is suspended from the upper part of the bell, the drill or other
tool having also a bearing at the lower part of the bell; the condensed air or
other motive agent is introduced to the lower side of the piston within the

page_text: cylinder, carrying the piston upwards, together with the drill or other tool, and
compressing the air on the upper side of the piston into a globe or chamber
at the top of the cylinder, until the supply of condensed air is suddenly cut
off by a slide valve, and the exhaust valve at the same time opened, when the
expansion of the air above the piston drives it down with the drill or other
tool, thereby forcing the latter into the rock or other substance.
A pipe or hose reaching to the surface of the water may be connected with
the exhaust valve. This drilling apparatus may also be arranged to work
outside the bell, and it may also be worked horizontally by means of suitable
mechanism combined with the cylinder. That portion of the bell or other
vessel which contains an apparatus for sawing piles under water has a space
formed at its lower part, within which is mounted a saw in such a manner as
to be capable of working horizontally between guides. The working chamber
of the bell is protected from the access of the water to an inconvenient level
by means of a kind of wall or curb formed round the said space in which
the saw works, and the space may be covered by means of a hinged cover
when the saw is not required to be used. The saw and guides may also be
removed, and the space in the side of the bell covered by an iron plate.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Henry Tuck in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th March 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
HENRY TUCK, of Pall Mall, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for llerself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Joseph Henry Tuck, Her special license that I, the said Joseph
Henry Tuck, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Joseph Henry Tuck, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use. exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CARRYING ON SUBMARINE OPERATIONS," (being a com

page_text: munication from abroad,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Joseph Henry Tuck, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Henry Tuck, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
This Invention of "Improvements in Apparatus for carrying on Submarine
Operations," (being a communication from abroad,) consists in the adaptation
and application of the apparatus, herein-after described, to the purpose of
carrying on submarine operations, such apparatus consisting of the diving bell
or other suitable vessel and its appurtenances, combined with tools or instru-
ments required in such operations.
The diving bell or other suitable vessel is constructed so as to afford the
means of readily compensating for the variation in the relative density of the
air contained in the working chamber of the bell and the water underneath it,
occasioned by the variation in the depth of the column of water above it. This
end is accomplished, in the first place, by means of a drop weight at the bottom
of the bell, combined with an escape valve of suitable construction at the top of
the same, both these being capable of being acted upon as required by the
diver from within the working chamber. The same end is accomplished, in
the second place, without the aid of the diver, by means of a series of channels
or passages formed or fixed within, or upon or near the bottom of the bell,
through which channels the surplus air is allowed to pass out of the bell as
soon as the air in the working chamber has by its expansion expelled the
water below the level of the upper side of the channel.
The pump for supplying air to the bell or other vessel consists of a chamber,
with a partition in it, terminating at the lower part in an open cylinder, through
which a piston is worked. On each side of the said partition at the upper part
are fitted two valves, the one opening inwards and the other outwards. The
two latter valves are contained in a chamber, which is enclosed in a jacket,
kept cool by a constant supply of water. Through the two former valves is
supplied a suflicient quantity of water to make up for waste in each stroke of
the pump piston. By this arrangement of the pump, cylinder, chambers, and
valves, the condensed air is cooled, as required, by the water surrounding the

page_text: valve chamber and covering the eduction valves, and a sufficient supply of
water to make up for waste is maintained.
In a speaking tube, used as a means of communication from the surface of
the water, is contained a thin flexible diaphragm, which is capable of trans-
mitting sounds by its vibrations while it intercepts the passage of air and water.
The bell to give alarm is struck by means of a wire (carried through a tube to
the surface of the water), which is made to act upon the hammer by means
of a lever, on the fulcrum or centre of motion of which the hammer is placed.
A chamber inserted in the side of the bell or other vessel, for the purpose of
working therefrom upon any external object (without the admission of water),
consists of a chest inserted in the side of the bell, and extending into the
working chamber, which chest has in it a moveable partition, working in a
stuffing box by means of a lever; the inner end of this chest has also a stuffing
box, through which is worked the holder, for the tool or article which is
intended to be worked, or fixed in the side of the vessel or other external
object.
An apparatus for drilling, boring, or otherwise acting upon rocks or other
substances under water, the mechanism of which is actuated by means of con-
densed air or other suitable motive power, conveyed thereto through a pipe or
hose, is suspended from the upper part of the bell, the drill or other tool having
also a bearing at the lower part of the bell. The condensed air or other motive
agent is introduced to the lower side of the piston within the cylinder, carrying
the piston upwards, together with the drill or other tool, and compressing the
air on the upper side of the piston into a globe or chamber at the top of the
cylinder, until the supply of condensed air is suddenly cut off by a slide valve,
and the exhaust valve at the same time opened, when the expansion of the air
above the piston drives it down with the drill or other tool, thereby forcing
the latter into the rock or other substance. A pipe or hose reaching to the
surface of the water may be connected with the exhaust valve. This drilling
apparatus may also be arranged to work outside the bell, and it may also
be worked horizontally by means of suitable mechanism combined with the
cylinder.
That portion of the bell or other vessel which contains an apparatus for
sawing piles under water has a space formed at its lower part, within which is
mounted a saw in such a manner as to be capable of working horizontally
between guides. The working chamber of the bell is protected from the access
of the water to an inconvenient level by means of a kind of wall or curb formed
round the said space in which the saw works, and the space may be covered
by means of a hinged cover when the saw is not required to be used. The

page_text: covered.
In order, however, that the Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe it more particularly by the aid of
the accompanying Drawings, in which are represented the apparatus above
referred to.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. is a vertical section, and Fig. 2 a horizontal section of the diving.
bell; Fig. 3 is a vertical section, and Fig. 4 a plan or horizontal view, of the
pump for supplying air to the diving bell or other suitable vessel; Fig. 5 is a
vertical section, and Fig. 6 a plan or horizontal view, of the speaking tube, &c.;
Fig. 7 is a vertical section of a diving bell, with the apparatus for drilling
rocks; Fig. 8 is a vertical section, and Fig. 9 a plan or horizontal view, of
the apparatus for sawing piles.
The diving bell (Figs. 1 and 2) consists of a working chamber A, A, and
the ordinary air chambers, and means of supplying air as required; B is a
weight suspended by a cord passed over a pulley at the lower part of the bell;
d is a valve placed at the upper part of the bell, so as to be conveniently acted
upon by the operator by means of the handle e. The object of this valve is to
afford the operator the means, in combination with the weight B, of compen-
sating for the sudden changes in the density of the air in the working chamber
of the bell, which are liable to occur during the course of operations under
water, and preventing the sudden rising of the bell. The cock of the valve d
has several openings, corresponding with openings in the outer casing of the
same, and by turning the handle e the valve may be partially or entirely opened.
The valves being thus opened at top to a greater or less degree, air will escape
more rapidly at that point than below, by reason of the greater density of the
water acting below. If, then, the operator, holding in one hand the rope con-
nected to the drop weight B, and in the other hand the handle e, connected
with the valve d, gently slackens the said rope, and at the same time turns the
handle e, so as to open the valve to a sinal degree, the surplus air due to
diminish pressure will pass through the valve instead of displacing the water
underneath it, in order to make its exit downwards. By thus handling the
rope and handle e, and through them working the weight and valve d, as soon
as the bell begins to ascend, the required equilibrium between the air and the
water may be obtained; and by continuing such manipulations carefully, the
water in the bottom of the bell may be maintained at a suitable level. In
order, however, to obviate the necessity for such constant and unvarying atten

page_text: tion on the part of the operator as the foregoing arrangement might seem to
require, there is combined with it a means of compensating for the variations
in the density of the water by providing for the exit of the air as required
without the aid of the operator. a, a, are a series of channels or passages
formed in the bottom of the bell, as shewn in Fig. 1, or they may be consti-
tuted of pipes placed thereon; these channels or passages are also shewn by
dotted lines in Fig. 2. On reference to Fig. 1, it will be seen that these
channels or passages a incline upwards, so that even if water has entered the
bell to the level of the upper part of the curb or partition o, as soon as a
pressure of air has been brought to act upon the surface of the water with
sufficient force to drive the water down to the level æ, x, of the upper
opening of the channels or passages a, a, that the surplus air will find its way
of exit in the direction of least resistance, which is along the channels or
passages a, a, and in this manner tend to restore the required equilibrium
between the water and the air inside and outside the bell. I would remark
that the channels or passages may be formed at the bottom of the bell
otherwise than as above described. I would also remark, that although it
may be found desirable in some cases to use the above-described mechanism
to be worked by the operator in combination with the said channels or
passages, yet the two plans may be used separately if preferred.
The pump for supplying air to the diving bell or other suitable vessel is
represented at Figs. 3 and 4, and is constructed as follows:-A is a cylinder,
opening at the upper part into a chamber or chambers B, B, separated by a
partition C. On the side of each of these chambers there is a valve D opening
inwards, and at the upper part of the same are two valves E, E, opening out-
wards into the valve chamber F. Outside the opening for each of the valves
D, D, there is a cup G, into which the end of the water supply pipe H passes;
by this means a small stream of water is supplied to the cup G, and is drawn
from it with the air into the chamber B to supply the waste in the operatio
of pumping. The valve chamber F is covered with a jacket I, having a space
between it and the valve chamber that is filled with water from the water
pipe H, which affords a stream of cold water to carry off the heat from the
condensed air which is forced into the chamber. The water thus supplied
circulates through the tubes in the chamber and round them in the jacket,
and thus cools the air in these tubes; it is then-conveyed so as to be usefully
employed in a steam boiler, or is allowed to run off. The air and a small
quantity of water is forced up from the cylinder A by the stroke of the
piston K into the chamber B (as indicated by the arrow), which is thereby
filled with water, and thus the air is expelled therefrom, a small quantity of

page_text: the water passing with it and covering the valves, by which means they are
kept tight and wet. The air and water thus discharged, after passing around
the small tubes in the valve chamber and being cooled, are forced outward
and conveyed to the condenser. On the return stroke of the piston, the
other chamber B is filled, and air and water expelled from it in like manner
through its valve into the valve chamber. There is always a suflicient
quantity of water in the cylinder A and chamber B to fill the latter when the
water is all expelled from the cylinder, by the piston K having been driven to
one end of it, and when the piston returns to the opposite end of the cylinder
the water flows in behind it, and draws in its equivalent in bulk of air and
water through the valve D. On its return, this is forced out through the
valve E into the chamber F, as mentioned above. The water being non-
elastic, if the parts are kept cool enough to avoid raising steam, this process
may be continued for any length of time.
Figs. 5 and 6 represent the speaking tube and alarm bell, above referred
to. The construction of this mechanism is as follows:-There is a hollow
casting, one portion of which is triangular in form, from one end of which
a short tube a projects. This tube a has a screw cut on it, and a projecting
flange at its junction with the triangle. This is screwed into the top of the
diving vessel or armour from the inside, and projects through it to allow the
coupling of a flexible or other hose to be attached to it. At the opposite angle
and in a line with a there is a tubular projection b, provided with a screw to
receive a cap f, to which is to be attached a piece of hose. Within the tube f,
and at its junction with b, is placed a thin diaphragm of metal or other suitable
material c, for which purpose, however, I prefer a thin silver plate that just
fits the bore of the cap f. This diaphragm closes all communication between
the diving vessel and the external air. By this means it is easy to converse
through any required length of tubing. It may be desirable to fit a stop-cock
into the tubular projection b, as a precautionary means of preventing the
escape of air in the event of a rupture of the diaphragm. The upper part of
the triangular enlargement of the speaking tube is tapped for a stuffing box
at g, within which there is an axis h, which runs from side to side of the said
enlargement, and through the stuffing box at one side. On this axis h is fixed
a lever i within the said enlargement, which lever communicates with the
surface of the water by means of a wire fixed at its reversed end, and running
through the whole length of pipe. On the outer extremity of the axis h is
affixed a hammer, which strikes on a bell K connected to the tube, as shewn
in the Drawing. By this means the attention of the operator below may be
drawn to the speaking tube when it is required to converse with him from

page_text: the surface of the water, and the men whose duty it is to attend to the operator
below can, by placing their car at the end of the tube, hear the bell struck
below as a signal for communication with them at the surface.
The chamber through which it may be desirable to work from the diving
bell or other vessel upon an external object is shewn at Fig. 1. C, D, is a
chamber fixed to the side of the bell or other vessel, such chamber being
divided near the outer extremity by a sliding partition or valve y, passing
through a stuffing box M, and capable of being raised and lowered as required
by means of the lever g. The inner chamber C has a lid, opening either on
the top or in any other suitable manner, and properly secured by screws or
otherwise; at the inner extremity of this chamber is a stuffing box l, through
The
which passes a hollow rod k, terminating in two handles *, *.
extremity p of this rod is square or rectangular. j is a small rod, with a
screw at one end and a handle at the other, which rod is passed through the
stuffing box h.
The operation of this apparatus is as follows:-It will be observed, the
chamber D opens outwards to the water, so that when the sliding partition
or valve y is forced down by the lever g, the communication of the water
with the chamber C is cut off. The lid being removed, a bolt i (or other
operating tool or instrument) is placed within the chamber C; the rod is
forced through the stuffing box until the recessed end p of the rod contains
the end of the bolt; the small rod is then screwed through the stuffing
box n, until the screw on the end of this rod has become affixed to the end of
the bolt contained within the recess at p. The lid of the chest is then
fastened on, and the partition or valve y raised, the stufting box M preventing
the escape of air. Communication is thus opened between the chambers C
and D, the latter being open outwards. The rod k is now pushed outwards
(by pressing on the handle k) through the stuffing box until the vessel or
object to be operated upon is reached, when the operation is performed as
required. It will be observed that the stuffing box prevents the escape of air
out of the bell or the admission of water into it, the stuffing box n having the
same tendency. After the operation with the tool or instrument is complete,
the rod is disconnected by unscrewing the rod j, and is drawn into the
chamber C by means of the handle ; the partition or valve y is again lowered,
and the operations above described are repeated. It will hence be obvious
that a number of eye bolts might in this manner be successively inserted
in the sides of a sunken vessel from the diving bell, so that by booking on
the "camels" the strain would be so distributed as to prevent injury by the
process of lifting the said vessel.. It will also be obvious that various other

page_text: submarine operations may be carried on by means of the above-described
apparatus.
Fig. 8 represents the apparatus above referred to for drilling or boring rocks
or other substances under water. a is the drill, the upper end of which is
connected to the piston rod b, and is worked by the piston within the cylinder c.
d is a hollow metallic globe communicating freely with the cylinder c. To the
upper part of the globe d is connected a rod e, which is intended to be again
connected to the top of the diving bell or other suitable vessel, and provided
with an adjustable arrangement for lowering the cylinder c as the drill or
other similar instrument advances into the rock or other substance which is
being operated upon. g is a bearing for the drill; h is a handle by which it
may be turned. The motive agent which I prefer to employ for the purpose
of impelling the piston is condensed air, but I do not confine myself to this
agent. The condensed air is conveyed to the cylinder e by means of flexible
tubes from the condensing apparatus at the surface of the water, or it may be
contained in suitable reservoirs and supplied from them. The condensed air on
entering the cylinder c underneath the piston forces the latter up to the top of
the cylinder, carrying with it the drill a; at the same time the air contained in
the globe & becomes thereby compressed. When the piston arrives at the top
of the cylinder, the arm ma attached to the piston rod b works the slide valve n,
so as to cut off the communication between the cylinder and the hose f, and
at the same time opens a passage for the exit of air under the piston at or near
the bottom of the cylinder. The exhaust valve (when the air is not required in
the working chamber) should communicate by a pipe or hose with the surface
of the water, in order to relieve the former from the pressure of the column of
water above the top of the bell. The pressure under the piston being thus so
far removed, the expansion of the air in the globe d will act upon the upper
side of the piston, and cause the drill to act upon the rock or other substance
with a considerable force added to that due to its weight falling through
a height equal to the stroke of the piston. Other means of applying the power
of condensed air to this purpose may be used, such as an ordinary horizontal,
vertical, or oscillating cylinder placed within the diving bell or vessel, and
driving the drills either by direct action, or by the intervention of cams, gearing,
or other mechanical means.
I would remark that if it be required to use other gases more expensive in
their production than atmospheric air, and also if it be required to prevent
their escape into the working chamber, a pipe leading from the eduction valve
may be connected to a suitable reservoir in any convenient position, from which
the gas may be drawn by means of a suitable pump, and forced into another

page_text: reservoir (or another portion of the same reservoir) containing the compressed
gas for the supply of the motive power, thus effecting a partial vacuum on
one side of the piston, while the compressed gas is acting upon the opposite
side.. It will thus be seen also that the gas is economized by its being
repeatedly used. I would also remark, that should it be required to operate
upon one or more points at the same time, the apparatus inay be fixed, if
required, at the outside of the bell, and the appliances for supplying the motive
power working the valves and turning the drill can be worked by the operator
within the bell by means of suitable imechanisin..
.
Figs. 8 and 9 represent the mechanisin. above referred to for sawing 'piles
under water from. a diving bell or other suitable. véssel. a is the saw, mounted
so as to be capable of working through guides b. and the socket e, and of being
set in motion by means of the handle f. The saw works horizontally and on
an exact level with the bottom of the bell, which is also level. As the bell is
always resting on the heads of several piles (as seen at Fig. 9), it will be
evident that the piles will be all cut to the same level without furtlier difficulty
or adjustment. The opening in the bottom of the bell containing the saw, &c.
is surrounded by a curb g, which prevents the water from entering the interior
of the bell, the point.h representing the highest level of the water. i is one of
the covers used to close the opening when the machine is not in use. 'When
the bell is required for other purposes than sawing piles, the saw guidés; *&c.
are removed from the opening, and a plate of iron, represented by the dotted
lines at k, k, may be made to cover the space intended for the saw to work
through, and the level of the water can then be driven down to the point 1.
The saw may, if preferred; be worked by suitable mechanism inside the bell,
instead of by the handle f, or it may be fixed so as to be worked by suitable
mechanism outside the bell. In order to move the bell after sawing off a pile
for the purpose of commencing on another, a quantity of water is expelled from
the tanks sufficient to render the bell light enough to be readily moved to the
required position (which is ascertained through the opening in which the saw
works); water is then admitted into the tanks, and the bell settles firinly on the
tops of the piles already sawed, and remains firm in its position until the pile
is cut off. In commencing operations, a pile has to be driven to the required.
level, and this will serve as a starting point for the bell, and will determine the
point of elevation at which the successive piles are to be cut.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that the Invention is
not confined to the precise forms and arrangements of the parts of mechanism
represented and described; but what I claim is,-

page_text: First, the mode described of compensating for the variation in the relative
density of the air contained in the working chamber of the bell and the water
underneath it by means of the drop weight and valve, capable of being worked
by the operator within the bell, combined with the formation of channels or
passages for the exit of air at the bottom of the bell, also such channels or
passages used alone, for the purpose above described.
Secondly, the use of the pump (for supplying air to a bell) in its general
features, as described.
Thirdly, the speaking tube, with a suitable diaphragm fixed in it, which is
capable of transmitting sounds while it intercepts the passage of air and water,
also the combination therewith of an alarm bell, as described.
Fourthly, the adaptation and application to the working chamber of a bell
of a chest composed of two chambers, by means of which and the parts
described in connection therewith, operations may be carried on externally to
the bell without allowing air to escape therefrom or water to enter thereinto,
as described.
Fifthly, the combination with a diving bell or vessel of drills or similar
instruments, for operating upon rocks or other substances under water, sucli
instruments being impelled by means of condensed air or other gases conveyed
from the surface of the water, as described.
And, lastly, the combination with a diving bell or vessel of a saw, worked
either by hand or mechanical power, by means of which the heads of a number
of piles may be successively cut off at an uniform level, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Henry Tuck, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Thirteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
WILLIAM SPENCE,
50, Chancery Lane.
JOSEPH HENRY TUCK. (L.S.)