Year: 1888

page_text: I, JAMES HOWARTH, Market Building's, Thomas Street, Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be
as follows:-
'
It consists in a suitable case or frame, in which are fitted either rigidly in one
position, or in suitable slides so that they can be adjusted to suit any pencil or length
of cut; a flat or curved knife or cutting edge in the form of any ordinary gouge and
a lever or pressing surface formed of or actuated by a spring. The pencil is passed
between the gouge knife and the pressing surface which presses it against the cutting
edge. The opening or openings of the case or frame through which the pencil is
passed to the knife, is or are either rigid or capable of being slided in suitable slides,
so as to give any slope which may be desired to the cut, and the part of the case
opposite to the inlet opening may also be made moveable, so as to regulate the length
of the cut.
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
46A, Market Street, Manchester,
Agent to Applicant.

page_text: I, JAMES HOWARTH, of Market Buildings, Thomas Street, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
:-
It consists first of a suitable case or frame, of suitable material, in which is fitted
either rigidly in one position, or in suitable slides, so that it can be adjusted to suit
any size of pencil or length of cut, a detachable flat or a curved knife or cutting edge
of the form of an ordinary gouge and a lever or pressing surface, formed of, or
actuated by a spring.
The pencil is passed through a suitable opening in the case, and between the knife
and the pressing surface, upon its withdrawal the pressing surface presses it against
the cutting edge. The opening in the case through which the pencil is passed to the
knife is placed in such a position as to give the required slope to the cut, and in some
sharpeners two or more openings may be made in the case so as to give different
slopes to the cut as may be desired, or the part of the case containing the opening
may be made moveable so as to attain the same result. In the same manner the case
is made of the length of the required cut, or may be adjustable to different lengths
of cut.
In another modification of my sharpener, I make the pressing surface rigid, or
utilize the side of the case for this purpose and fit the knife with a slight spring to
press it against the pencil.
In order that the foregoing may be better understood, I send herewith a sheet of
Drawings in which -
Fig. 1 shows a side view of one form of my sharpeners, a indicating the opening
through which the pencil is introduced, the pressing surface or spring, e the gouge
knife, the case is made in this case of the requisite length for the cut, and the
opening a regulates the slope.
Fig. 2 shows a side view of another form of my sharpeners and Fig. 3 a top view
of the same.
In this sharpener the case is provided with three apertures a 1 a 2, and a 3 by means
of which three different slopes can be given to the cut, and by means of the sliding
bottom d regulated by the thumbscrew e any length can be given to the cut. Fig. 4,
shows a third form of my sharpeners, in this case the side of the box is utilized as a
pressing surface, and the knife c is held against the pencil by the spring g.
с
"The pencil being inserted (as in the other sharpeners) by the aperturea, passing
beneath the knife c which the spring b allows to slightly lift to permit of its passage,
but holding it firmly against the pencil when the pencil is drawn out, the side of the
box acting as a firm pressing surface to ensure the cut."

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :--
1st. A gouge or curved knife, substantially as described, and shown hereinbefore,
and in the accompanying drawings, for the purpose set-forth.
2nd. A spring pressing surface, in combination with a flat or curved knife,
substantially as described, and shown hereinbefore, and in the accompanying
drawings, for the purpose set-forth.
3rd. The means for adjusting and altering the length and slope of cut, substantially
as described, and shown hereinbefore, and in the accompanying drawings, for the
purpose set-forth.
4th. The combination with a fixed pressing surface of a flat angular or curved
knife pressed by a spring, substantially as described and shown hereinbefore, and
in the accompanying drawings, for the purpose set-forth.
JOHN HENRY TOPHAM,
46A, Market Street, Manchester,
Agent to Applicant.