Improvements in Gas Lamps.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Feb., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 14th Nov., 1889-Accepted, 14th Dec., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Lamps.
1 FRANCIS HERBERT WENHAM of The Beacon Goldsworth Woking in the County
of Surrey Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to downwardly burning or "shadowless" gas Lamps having
a flower or saucer shaped flame the gas issuing from an inverted burner and the flame
turning inwards and passing to a central chimney.
As the terminus of the inward flame in a lamp of this form is apt to smoke from.
insufficient aëration, I according to my Invention provide a supply of air to the end
of the flame and I adapt an annulus of perforated metal of a peculiar form for
regulating and proportioning the relative currents of heated air within and without
the flame and I also provide a chimney enlarged towards the top with strips of metal
or baffle plates or plate in the form of an inverted cone (perforated or not) to prevent
flame from issuing from the top when the gas supply is in excess, which plates also
serve to arrest and catch soot that would otherwise escape
The regenerator with outer shield placed above the lamp is one of the now well
known forms. The gas arm or chamber of the burner is situated high up out of
the way of the flame and from this the burner preferably an annulus of pendant gas
tubes descends. The sail tubes pass through corresponding holes in a plate in
which is a circular groove close to the tubes and of such a width as to give the
proper proportion of outside air. A series of ribs or bridges connect the two annuli.
The central orifice in the plate is of the proper size for admitting the right proportion
of air for the supply of the inner side of the flame.
Attached to the lower end of the chimney is a nossle of porcelain or refractory
material. The base of this is provided with a flange or surface against which the
inner air supply impinges and first directs the flame outwards. The flame is then
met by the outer current of air which directs it inwards towards the central exit. Just
above the flange or
"
button a series of side perforations adinit some heated air
across the end of the flame for the purpose of consuming the smoke by more perfect
combustion at that place.
46
For the purpose of igniting the gas I provide an opening in the base of
chimney into which can be passed a tube arm through which gas passes it having
a jet at the end. This arm works on a swivel which is so arranged that when the
jet is away from the chimney the gas is turned off or nearly so and that the gas is
full on or nearly so when the tube is inserted into the lamp. The swivel on which
this works may be provided with an adjusting screw for regulating the length of
flame.
Dated this 25th dor of Fab 1000
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, Agents
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Lamps.
I, FRANCIS HERBERT WENHAM of The Beacon, Goldsworth Woking in the County
of Surrey, Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to downwardly burning or
"
" shadowless gas lamps having a

page_text: flower or saucer shaped flame the gas issuing from an inverted burner and the flame
turning inwards and passing to a central chimney.
As the terminus of the inward flame in a lamp of this form is apt to smoke
from insufficient aëration, I according to my Invention provide in such lamps
means for supplying air to the end of the flame. In carrying out my Invention I
adapt an annulus of perforated metal of a peculiar form for regulating and
proportioning the relative currents of heated air within and without the flame and I
also provide a chimney enlarged towards the top and fitted with strips of metal or
baffle plates or a plate or plates in the form of inverted cones (perforated or not) to
prevent flame from issuing from the top when the gas supply is in excess which
plate or plates also serve to arrest and catch soot that would otherwise escape.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing is a longitudinal section of a lamp con-
structed according to my Invention, and Figure 2 a transverse section on the line 1. 2
Figure 1.
The regenerator a and the outer shield 6 placed around the burner of the lamp are
well known in this kind of lamp and I do not claim them as of my present invention.
The gas arm or chamber c of the burner is situated high up out of the way of the
flame and from this chamber the burner, consisting preferably of an annulus of
pendant gas tubes d d descends. The lower ends of these tubes pass through corre-
sponding holes in a plate e in which a circular groove f is cut in an inclined direction
from the top surface inwards towards the lower ends of the tubes d for the
purpose of directing air more effectively onto the gas flame descending therefrom the
groove being of such a width as to give the proper proportion of outside air. A series
of ribs or bridges g connect the two rings of the plate e formed by the groove for a
series of similarly inclined perforations may he used instead of a continuous slot.
The central orifice in the plate e is of the proper size to admit of the right proportion
of air descending in the annular space between the nozzle and plate e to supply the
inner side of the flame.
The nozzle is attached to the lower end of the chimney i and is preferably made
of porcelain but it may be of any other suitable refractory material. The base of this
nozzle is provided with a flange or annular projecting surface k against which the
inner air passing between the nozzle and plate e impinges and directs the flame
slightly outwards. The flame is then met by the outer current of air from the
slanting orifices or slot f which air directs the flame inwards towards the central
exit through the nozzle h. Above the flange or annular surface a series of
perforations is provided in the nozzle h through which perforations heated air from
outside the nozzle passes to the interior thereof and across the end or tip of the flame
which effects the more perfect combustion of the gas and prevents smoke. The
direction of the air currents is shown by the arrows. To prevent any gas which may
be supplied to the burner in excess of consumption from passing straight through the
chimney and out of the top thereof and also to arrest any soot arising from incomplete
combustion I construct the chimney i larger at the top than at the lower part and into
this larger part m I fit strips of metal or truncated cones or baffle plates n of sheet
metal either perforated or not which plates or cones may be readily removed when
required for cleaning or inspection.
For the purpose of igniting the gas openings p are provided in the shield b and in
the regenerator a and also one at p in the chimney i near its base and opposite the
openings p into which openings p is inserted a tubular arm 9 with a jet or nozzle at
the end through which gas passes from the gas supply pipe r. This arm works on
a swivel at s provided with a cock so arranged that when the arm is turned away
from the chimney as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 2 the gas is turned off or
nearly so from the jet but when the arm is turned into the position shown by full
lines in Figure 2 the gas is full on or nearly so. The swivels on which the arm q
works may be provided with an adjusting screw t for the purpose of regulating the
length of flame through the jet or nozzle.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what [
say is:
1. In gas lamps of the kind hereinbefore described an annular plate round the
lower end of the burner and having therein inclined passages or channels for directing
air onto the exterior of the flame substantially as hereinbefore described with reference
to the accompanying drawings.
2. In gas lamps of the kind hereinbefore referred to a nozzle arranged inside the
burner and communicating with the chimney and having holes therein through which
air passes to the flame entering the nozzle substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
3. Providing the chimneys of downwardly burning gas lamps with cones or baffle
plates for arresting soot or unconsumed products of combustion from the burner
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
4. A gas lamp having a swinging arm or bracket with a jet for lighting the lamp
the swivel on which the arm or bracket turns being provided with a cock or the like
whereby by moving the arm or bracket in one direction the supply of gas to the jet
is diminished or cut off and by moving the arm in the opposite direction the supply
of gas to the jet is increased or put on substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 11th day of November 1889.
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.