IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF PRINTING PRESSES FOR RAPIDLY PRODUCING NUMBERED TICKETS, CHEQUES, AND FORMS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JOHN MAYNES of 55 Myddleton Square, London, in the county of Middlesex
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF PRINTING PRESSES FOR RAPIDLY PRODUCING
NUMBERED TICKETS, CHEQUES, AND FORMS, to be as follows:-
CONSECUTIVELY
My invention relates to a printing press having cylinders clothed with type
firmly attached to their surfaces for printing the letter press, distinguishing marks
and consecutive numbers of tickets cheques and forms in one course of operations.
The type on these cylinders is arranged so that when the impressions are put on
the paper or cardboard sheets such paper or cardboard sheets will when cut up and
transposed in the manner as hereinafter described be found in piles consecutively
numbered and in order as required.
In this specification I shall describe the method for printing railway tickets but
the method and the mechanism employed is the same for cheques or forms.
In carrying out my invention I provide a frame having a number of printing and
impression cylinders mounted therein with suitable ordinary inking rollers and
apparatus.
I print at one such pair of cylinders the letterpress on the ticket, and at a second
pair of such cylinders I print the distinguishing marks.
I print from a third cylinder the figures 00 to 99, the type for which is firmly
attached to the surface being arranged in one hundred rows round the circumference
of the cylinder and so that the numbers may be printed at one or both ends of the
tickets. The tickets are arranged. so that their length lies parallel to the axis of
the cylinder ten divisions being placed by preference across the breadth of the
cylinder.
The type for the first or left-hand cyphers is so arranged that it can be depressed
when it is not desired to print from it.
This cylinder prints intermittently during two portions of its revolution as may
be determined, say from the figures 00 to 24, and from 50 to 74 in the first
revolution, and from 1 to 25 and 51 to 75 in the succeeding revolution and so
on, altering its imprints by a unit on two consecutive sheets at every complete'
[Prino lo 911

page_text: revolution. The sheets passing through the machine thus have an interval between
themselves and the following sheets equal to say 25 rows of this cylindrical surface
and in the first revolution corresponding to the foregoing imprints, the intervals
are the spaces occupied by the figures from 25 to 49 and from 75 to 99 respectively.
During the time occupied by the passage of this second interval of 75 to 99 when
the type is not being printed from the cylinder has its motion so accelerated as to
travel through a distance equal to 26 rows instead of 25 so that the next succeeding
printing will be effected by the figures 1 to 25 and 51 to 75 respectively on the
third and fourth sheets, and then by a second acceleration it will print figures
from 2 to 26 and 52 to 76 on the 5th and 6th sheets respectively, and so on.
The cylinder thus performs one full revolution and one row or 110 revolutions
for every two sheets printed, so that on printing one hundred sheets it will have
revolved 50 times, and on printing a second hundred sheets it will have made
another 50 or altogether 101 revolutions and be in exactly the same position as
when it commenced.
The impression cylinder corresponding to the above is only one half its diameter
and therefore circumference and is provided with type, between the spaces used for
receiving the impressions of the type of the numbering cylinder above it, for printing
the back or revet of the ticket and therefore these two act as type and impression
cylinders for cach other respectively.
The smaller cylinder revolving twice for 1,6 revolution of the larger one has
type only over a semi-circle which corresponds with the rows to be printed from on
the larger one. As the acceleration takes place when there is no sheet being
printed, that is, during the interval, the smaller cylinder is not affected thereby and
it revolves at the same circumferential speed whilst printing.
This
I further print by a fourth pair of cylinders the figures denoting the hundreds,
the type being so arranged in 25 rows and 20 divisions that the figures 0, 1, 2 and
so on shall be printed in the proper place or column, viz the figure 1 on the second
division of tickets, figure 2 on the third division and so on. The first hundred
sheets will thus have the number in the 100 column printed by simply receiving
impressions from the type on this cylinder. After these hundred sheets have been
passed through this cylinder is moved automatically the distance of one division or
ticket transversely so that figure 1 takes the place of figure 0 and so on.
cylinder being of double width and having a double set of figures transposes as it
were the figures which as they pass out of employ at one end appear as it were at
the other to be employed similarly in a different division and thus by being moved
transversely from 0 to 9 on the end division (being from 0 to 1, 1 to 2, and so on
successively) each division will correspond to one hundred sheets, giving a total of
one thousand for the whole movement, received from the third cylinder, and as
there are 25 rows and 10 divisions or 250 spaces or tickets on each sheet each one
of these will be represented by consecutively numbered spaces or tickets from
0 to 999. While the next one thousand sheets are being passed through, this
cylinder will by a similar automatic action be moved back from 9 to 0 'successively
having the same result of consecutively numbering the tickets on these sheets up
to 999 and so on for each thousand sheets.
A fifth pair of cylinders have a similar mode of action and prints the figures in
the thousand column, but as the transverse movement only takes place at every
1000th sheet it will only require to be moved from 0 to 9 in one direction as there
will then,have been printed ten thousand sheets with this number of consecutively
numbered tickets corresponding to each of the 250 spaces on the sheet. This con-
stitutes one series equal to 2,500,000 tickets. The cylinder may then be returned
by the attendant to its first position for the commencement of a new series and
80 on,
A different letterpress if required may be set up for each of the 250 spaces or the
same form may be used for them all, and thus 250 different sets of tickets each
consecutively numbered from 0 to 9999 may be obtained in one course of operations,
or there may be obtained 250 sets of 10000 tickets of the same form, and in other

page_text: proportions. If bankers cheques or other forms are printed, less than 250 forms
will be obtained from each sheet but each form will be consecutively numbered in
a similar manner and by the same mechanism as the above..
The cardboard sheets on which the tickets are to be printed have two of their
adjacent edges cut square before being fed into the press and are placed on the
feeding table ready for feeding into the machine. The attendant then places each
sheet separately against two guides which are at right angles to each other, the side
guide being on the table the other being placed across the front part of the machine
of which it is a part. This effectually secures that each sheet is and shall be perfect
as to register therefore the tickets after being printed thereon in the machine are
perfect also as to register.
Immediately after the fingers hereinafter mentioned have clipped the cardboard
sheet this front guide is raised out of the way to allow the sheet to go forward into
the machine in manner as hereinafter described. This guide is actuated by a cam
and lever which after raising it maintains it in its elevated position until after the
cardboard sheet has passed when it is lowered again so that the various actions may
be repeated with respect to the succeeding sheet and so on.
The cardboard sheet is carried between the different series of printing and
impression cylinders before mentioned in an horizontal plane by means of grippers
attached by bars to endless bands or chains, the band having a regular speed
according with that of the surfaces of the printing and impression cylinders which
are all geared together and move with the same surface speed with the exception of
the large cylinder during that portion of its revolution when it has an accelerated
motion which however is when it is not printing but during the interval between
the passage of the cardboard sheets.
The grippers for holding the sheets firmly are attached by bars, which extend
across the machine in a transverse direction, to the endless bauds and are placed at
such suitable intervals as to accord with the position the sheets are to occupy in
following one another so that the type surfaces of the cylinders shall imprint upon
them as previously described. As the printing takes place on one half of the
circumference of the impression cylinders, only the remaining half of the surface of
the cylinder is depressed to allow of the connecting bars holding the grippers to
recede and be kept below the level of the printing plane. Provision is made in the
large cylinder for that portion of each gripper which appears above the printing
line, by forming recesses at the junction of each line of tickets to enable it to pass
through clear. All the other type and all the impression cylinders having only one
half of their surface covered either with type or blanket, the remainder part being
depressed, requires no attention on this point as the grippers and bars always agree
with the commencement of the type and impression surfaces, and a steadying bar
may also be made to accord with the end of the same.
To ensure the cardboard sheet being fed on to the moving band at proper
intervals so that it may be secured thereon by the aforesaid grippers for the purpose
of being drawn through the machine I cause the said cardboard sheet to be taken
from the position occupied as determined by the guides by an auxilliary pair of
fingers previously mentioned which draw it into the machine, on the guide being
removed, with a gradually increasing motion until it acquires a speed agreeing with
the speed of the band which it maintains for some time and distance during which
time it is transferred to the grippers on the band by their closing on the said sheet
and the fingers of this auxilliary part releasing it.
The action of these fingers is controlled as to closing and releasing by means of
the lever and cam which acts on the front guide and also acts onto a crank the axis
of which is mounted on a sliding frame which extends across the machine. On this
axis two levers are firmly secured which act on the ends of the fingers in such
a manner that the fingers close on the cardboard sheets immediately before the front
guide is lifted. The sliding frame just mentioned has imparted to it a to and fro
motion as follows:-A crank connected with the primary motion and revolving at

page_text: The
the same number of revolutions as the impression cylinders by means of a connecting
rod moves a horizontal sliding block which has a bell crank lever mounted on it
one end of which has a bowl and stud engaging into a fixed irregular groove.
other end of the bell crank lever is connected by a link to the sliding frame before
mentioned.
At the time when the fingers begin to close on the cardboard sheets the bell
crank lever is caused to be depressed by the shape of the irregular groove in which
it engages and this depression acting in combination with the motion of its axis,
which is moved from the crank by means of the sliding block, causes the other end
of the bell crank lever to remain stationary and therefore the sliding frame attached
to it is stationary also.
As the sliding frame is thus stationary during a portion of the revolution of the
crank from which it derives motion, and as the extent of its motion
equal to
that of the stroke of the crank; therefore in a succeeding part of its traverse it
must receive a corresponding acceleration which, by means of the bell crank lever
engaging in the irregular groove is made to take place after the fingers have closed
on the cardboard sheet, the motion given to it now being brought to a speed equal
to that of the endless band to which the sheet is then transferred as previously
described.
After the cam and lever which lifts the front guide as before mentioned has come
to a stop the pin of the crank which acts on the fingers and which engages in this
lever is brought to a stop also, the fingers being now closed. The sliding frame is
now traversed as just mentioned, and this crank pin engaging in the lever is carried
with this sliding frame, the pin sliding in a slot in this lever, and therefore while
sliding no turning movement is imparted to this crank or through it to the fingers.
When the sliding frame is at the end of its motion the above mentioned lever drops
so as to turn the crank and release the cardboard sheet by opening the fingers,
which is at the moment after the sheet has been transferred to the endless band as
before mentioned; the sliding frame and connections then returns to its first position
and so on.
After the endless band has drawn the cardboard sheet through the last pair of
cylinders the grippers which have held the sheet, and which are kept closed by
means of springs, are forced open by an extension of the grippers on the opposite
sides of their fulcra coming into contact with a fixed projection on the frame of
the machine. This action releases the cardboard sheets and allows of its passing
into contact with several small endless bands which move at an equal speed with
the main endless band. The smaller bands pass over pulleys mounted on a frame
hinged at one end which has its centre of movement in the plane of the printing
line.
This frame has attached to it a platen on to which the cardboard sheet is carried
as the main endless band releases it, the projecting ends of the platen keep it
supported, and the small endless bands by points on their surface prick into the
sheet and move it onward in the desired path.
This frame and platen is controlled by an arrangement of cams and levers
hereafter described so that its free end rises and falls alternately during the interval
which ensues between each each successive sheet presenting itself for delivery.
The small endless bands then carry the sheet forward and pass it finally, into one of
the two boxes placed one above the other according as the frame is in its first or
second position.
A further movement of the frame takes place after 50 sheets have been directed
into each of the aforesaid boxes, so that it is moved such a distance that the
hundred and first sheet shall be delivered into a third box and the hundred and
Becond into a fourth. The frame during the delivery of this second hundred sheets
is made to alternate between these third and fourth boxes, and during the delivery
of the third hundred sheets the frame is again made to alternate between the first
and second boxes, and so on for each set of one hundred sheets alternately.

page_text: This action enables the attendant to remove the sheets in hundreds, as whilst the
first and second box are being cleared the third and fourth are being filled, and
whilst the third and fourth are being cleared the first and second are being filled.
Each sheet on leaving the machine is thus directed into one of two alternate
boxes so that the first sheet shall form the bottom of the pile in one box, the
numbers in each right-hand space of the top line in the sheets of this pile reading
from bottom to top consecutively 0 to 49. The second sheet delivered will form
the bottom of the pile in the second box and the numbers in the corresponding
spaces to the above will read from 50 to 99 so that when these two piles are placed
together the numbers in this first space will read from 0 to 99 and the numbers of
the other spaces in their relative order.
By taking. every pile of one hundred sheets of paper or cardboard immediately
it leaves the machine and cutting transversely, at the lines dividing the tickets, the
sheets are separated into piles of strips of one hundred in number as regards depth
and any number by preference ten tickets or forms in length according to the
width of sheet or printing cylinder employed.
These cut piles are to be divided at the figure commencing each hundred and
transposed so that they will read from 0 to 99, 100 to 199, 200 to 299, and so on.
Afterwards the tickets may be cut across at the dividing lines of the tickets
into bundles of one hundred which may be bound up in separate lots and packed
as required.
The first pair of printing cylinders have their type and impression surfaces
arranged for printing from one half their circumference only. They are driven at
a uniform speed and inked in the usual manner, their type surfaces being changed
and set up as required at the commencement of each series according to the letter-
press desired on the tickets.
The second pair of printing cylinders are of a similar character, but print the
distinguishing marks only, being constructed, inked and actuated in a similar
manner to the foregoing.
•
The large type cylinder of the third pair has type numbers attached to the whole
of its surface, which is made up of one hundred equal rows round the circumference
from 0 to 99 each the width of a ticket and with by preference ten divisions across
the breadth of the cylinder each division being the width of a ticket. At the
junction of the lines dividing each ticket a small recess is provided for allowing'
that part of the gripper which rises above the printing line in drawing the card-
board through the machine to occupy it as before mentioned. It is necessary to
provide these recesses at the junction of each ticket, as by the changes every line.
becomes in its turn in the course of one hundred and one revolutions the starting
point of the printing.
This cylinder prints from 25 of its rows at one time making two printings in
one revolution leaving an interval of 25 or 26 rows between each printing. During
the second interval or fourth portion of the revolution the time occupied is the
same as during the three other portions of the circumference, but an acceleration is
given to the speed of the cylinder so that it moves a distance equal to 26 rows.
thus travelling in the time of 1 revolution a distance of 1100 revolutions. When
the cardboard sheet and impression cylinder arrive at the point due to their regular
motion the printing off the large cylinder takes place from one row later as the
point of commencement and printing from 25 rows continues on one row farther,
than before. The interval of 25 rows then occurs and after printing off the
following 25 rows a second acceleration during the second interval makes the next
point of commencement two rows removed from the initial point of starting and
so on.
For instance say the first sheet printed had on it 0 as the first and 24 as the last
number, the second sheet would have 50 as the first and 74 as the last number, the
third sheet. through the effect of the acceleration would commence with 1 and
terminate with 25 the.fourth sheet would commence with 51 and terminate with 75,
the fifth sheet through the effect of the repeated acceleration would commence with 2

page_text: and terminate with 26 the sixth sheet would commence with 52 and terminate
with 76 and so on.
This acceleration is effected in the manner as follows: The large cylinder is
mounted loose on an axis which extends across the machine; a wheel with 100
teeth in its periphery is firmly attached to the cylinder, and another wheel with.
101 teeth in its periphery is made fast on the axis. Two small pinions with an
equal number of teeth and mounted on the same axis are geared into these two
wheels with 100, 101 teeth, the small pinion geared into the 100 wheel is
secured to its axis by a featherway, the wheel and the axis revolving together but
so that the axis may have a sliding motion; the other pinion geared into the 101
wheel is connected to the same axis by means of a sleeve having a spiral keyway
cut in it which slides on a spiral key on the axis. A sliding movement directed by
the spiral groove and given to this axis in the direction of its length by means of
a cam firmly fixed onto the 101 wheel and revolving therewith forces the axis and
other pinion to move slower whilst the axis is being traversed in one direction and
to go quicker whilst being traversed in the other direction than its companion
wheel.
The pinion geared into the 101 wheel is driven with an equal angular velocity
by a, wheel having 101 teeth in its periphery, and mounted firmly on a shaft
making of a revolution whilst the first and second pairs of cylinders are making
a full revolution, this causes the 101 wheel and cam also to make of a revolution
during the same time. The cam attached to the 101 wheel makes the pinion
gearing into the 100 wheel, by means of the axis sliding and so screwing the
pinion back to be retarded a little. The large cylinder is thereby and during this
action caused to be driven at a uniform circumferential speed with the other
cylinders during the three-fourths part of a revolution, which means during the
time occupied by the first printing, the first interval and the second printing as
before mentioned. By the reverse action of the sliding axis directed by the cam
during the last one-fourth part of the revolution the motion of the pinion, and
therefore of the 100 wheel gearing into it, is accelerated. By this successive
retardation and acceleration the large cylinder accomplishes its revolution in
uniform (2 to 1) time with the other cylinders, but as the wheel attached to it has
only 100 teeth, and that with 101 teeth, connected with it, has been moved through
a whole revolution the 100 wheel and therefore the large cylinder must have been
now moved through 1110 of a revolution.
In some cases the type for the cyphers that are before the figures 1, 2 .... 9 in
the first ten rows and ten divisions of the large cylinder are mounted on crossheads
which can be, by suitable apparatus pulled down towards the axis, thus carrying
the type of the cyphers or depressing them below the surface of the cylinder during
the passage of the sheets which do not require cyphers printed on them.
By suitable automatic action of the machine these crossheads are wedged up into
position level with the other type whilst the remaining sheets are printed.
The inking of the large cylinder has to be made intermittent, it being required
to ink only those 25 rows that are going to be printed from, and then having to be
raised away from the surface during the passage of those rows forming the
interval.
To effect this two segments of a circle are mounted on the cam or wheel having
101 teeth which is fixed on the axis of the large cylinder; these are so shaped ns
to cause certain levers carrying the inking rollers to move away to a greater radial
distance than the surface of the type, and thus carry the inking rollers out of
contact with the type. This prevents any accumulation of ink on the type, which
is only inked on the spaces required to be printed off.
The fourth pair of cylinders print from the half of their circumference similar to
the first and second pair, and has type arranged in 25 rows and 20 divisions
numbered from to 9 each space in every single division having the same number
so that it prints the same figure in the hundred column before the whole 25 numbers
in the spaces of each division of every sheet. The first sheet would thus read in

page_text: the first division, if the cyphers had not been suppressed, 000, 001, 002 to 024, in
the second division 100, 101 to 124, in the third division 200, 201, to 224 and
80 on.
The cyphers on this 100 cylinder by a number of crossheads making up half the
circumference of one division are drawn back automatically and only allowed to
rise to the surface when required to be printed from, by means of a bolt liberating
a spring which draws a wedge forcing them forward.
The fifth pair of cylinders also print from half their circumference: the cypher
division is left blank, so that the first sheet on passing through will read in the
first division the same as when it left the 100 cylinder, viz, 000, 001 to 024, in
the second division 1100, 1101, to 1124, and so on. After the 100 cylinder has
printed .one hundred sheets and the traverse movement hereafter described has
taken place, the first division of the hundred and first sheet on leaving the fifth
(1000th) cylinder would read 100, 101 to 124, as before, on the second division
1200, 1201, to 1224, and so on.
The fourth and fifth pair of cylinders are each mounted in a sliding frame which
carries two hanging brackets on which the pedestals for their axes are placed.
These cylinders are of double width and have 20 divisions across their breadth,
10 of which however are only printed from at one time. In the fifth cylinder the
two divisions for the cyphers are left blank. As previously mentioned the
100 cylinder on the passage of each hundred sheets is moved transversely one
division, and the 1000 cylinder similarly one division on the passage of each
1000 sheets for the purpose aforesaid.
The movements of the 4th and 5th type cylinders are effected and controlled by
mechanism which receives its motion in the first place by the primary motion of
the machine communicating to a pair of cam discs a slow revolving motion in the
relation of 1 to 1 to each other. This relation arises from a pair of 40 and 41
toothed wheels mounted on the same axis, which is moved from the primary'
motion, engaging each into an 80 toothed wheel which is attached to each of the
cam discs both of which revolve loosely on their axis. The cam into which the 40
wheel gears revolves once for 100 revolutions of the 100 and 1000 cylinders, and
for 50 revolutions of the third large cylinder. This cam has a notch in its
circumference into which a lever is made to enter once in every revolution, that is
every time one hundred sheets have been printed. This lever controls the freedom
of two other levers which rest upon it and which are free therefore to fall only at
the time that the first one is in gear.
The two levers rest also on the periphery of the second cam which moves to of
a revolution quicker than the first, so that on one hundred revolutions of the
printing cylinders being completed a point on this cam would be 11th in advance
of its position at the commencement having made however by that time one
complete revolution and one-fortieth.
These two levers, by means of a stud each rest on half the breadth of the face of
the cam, these two balves are, recessed in two places cach for a distance of a
quadrant on either side alternately. The levers at. proper times as determined
drop into these recesses.
On the first lever which controlls the other two giving them freedom to move by
itself dropping into gear with the first cam one of the studs up to which one
of the recesses has now travelled drops into that recess and acts as hereinafter
mentioned.
As this second cam revolves 1 revolution for each hundred sheets passed
through the machine therefore one or other of the levers controlled by it will drop
into one or other of the recesses formed therein and as these recesses are each the
length of one quadrant one of the levers will drop into its recess 10 consecutive
times, that is once for each hundred sheets passed through; its companion lever will
then drop into its recess 10 consecutive times and so on alternately. These 10 con-
Becutive actions cause the sliding frame carrying the 100 cylinder to be moved

page_text: transversely this number of times in one direction, and then 10 times in the
reverse direction by means of connections as follows:-
A bevel wheel connected to the primary motion engages into two other bevel
wheels one on each side of its axis which therefore revolve in opposite directions
and which work loose on a worm shaft as an axis. Both being of the same size
they revolve at equal speeds- which speed is half that of the 100 type cylinder.
Each of these two equal bevel wheels carries a smaller bevel wheel mounted on an
axis the line of which is fixed radially to the worm-shaft. These smaller bevel
wheels each engage into a second and third pair of equal bevel wheels and one of
each of these second and third equal bevel wheels is firmly attached to the worm
shaft, the other revolving thereon loosely and having on its extended boss one
projecting tooth. The action of these is as follows:-When either of the levers
belonging to the second cam as before mentioned engages into one of the recesses
of that cam at the completion of one hundred sheets they move in the way of one
or other of the teeth or projections on these smaller loose bevel wheels and prevent
it moving, but as the bevel which is mounted on the radial axis is being moved
from the primary motion the other bevel wheel firmly fixed on the worm wheel
shaft is thus caused to revolve causing also a revolution of the worm wheel and its
shaft.
This worm wheel engages into teeth or projections on the sliding frame which
carries the 100. type cylinder, and when a revolution of the worm shaft takes place
this cylinder is traversed a determined distance for the purpose proviously
mentioned. When the worin shaft has made a complete revolution and caused the
motion of the sliding frame and cylinder, a suitable stop disengages the lever of the
second cam from the tooth of the small bevel wheel which then revolves idly on its
axis. According as one or other of the levers connected with the second cam is
engaged with one or other of these smaller bevel wheels the sliding frame and
cylinder is traversed in one or other direction.*
An additional double screw cam mounted on this worm shaft during the first
half revolution of it causes a frame having inking rollers in it to be moved a
distance equal to the length of a ticket so that only that type which is going to be
printed from shall be inked, and that to be removed out of the line of printing is
not so inked. Immediately the double screw cam has carried the inking frame
sufficient for this purpose during, the first balf revolution as stated the inking
rollers which at this moment are brought into contact with the type cylinder
return during the second half revolution to their first position moving in the same
direction and at the same speed with the type cylinder which is now being
traversed as before mentioned. The time in which these actions take place accord
with an interval between the sheets passing through the machine..
The 1000 cylinder is moved in a transverse direction by a similar arrangement
to that of the 100 cylinder, but as it only requires to be moved in one direction
during the completion of one series of tickets only one pair of small bevel wheels is
required with one tooth or projection and one lever. This lever is allowed to gear
into one of four notches in the second cam having the quadrant recesses, one notch
according in position with the end of each recess.
As the second cam as previously described alters its angular position relatively
to the first cam by the length of a quadrant during the passage of ten hundred
sheets this lever is controlled by the lever on the first cam in a similar manner to
the two lovers connected to the 100 cylinder so that it gears into this notch after
the passage of ten hundred sheets, that is it acts simultaneously with the end
position in the recesses of either of the two other levers.
This lever then controlling the 1000 cylinder connects with the tooth or pro-
jection on the loose bevel wheel and causes the 1000 cylinder and inking frame
to be moved the determined distance in a similar manner to the motion of the
100 cylinder and inking frame,

page_text: All the various printing type cylinders are supplied with inking troughs,
spreading and supply rollers of the usual ordinary description applied to cylindrical
printing machines.
The hinged frame previously described is made to deliver each sheet into one of
four boxes placed one above the other in the following order, viz-each sheet of
every hundred sheets is delivered alternately either into the first or second box or
into the third or fourth box for the purpose previously mentioned. The motion of
the hinged frame to effect this is given as follows:-
A lever secured to the axis of the frame is connected by links to a cam receiving
motion from the primary motion, the cam having such an eccentricity as will cause
the hinged frame to move alternately at the delivery of each sheet the distance
between two boxes, that is either between the first and second or between the
third and fourth boxes. The links connecting the hinged frame and cam are con-
nected at one intermediate point to either end of a double ended lever or rocking
shaft which is suspended in its centre to a lever so hung as to be able to receive a
slight angular motion.
The cam into which the 40 toothed wheel gears as before mentioned has a
projection or stud which once in every revolution, that is once for the printing of'
every hundred sheets, turns a star wheel which has on its axis a lobed cam which
presses on the lever carrying the rocking shaft above mentioned. The lobed cam
causes this lever to be moved at the end of every hundred sheets to one side or the.
other which acting on the hinged frame in combination with the motion derived
from the other cam causes the frame to deliver each hundred sheets into the first
and second boxes or into the third and fourth boxes alternately.
.
Dthis win cou
.

page_text: "
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
t:
I, JOHN MAYNES of 55 Myddelton Square, London, Ẹ C. Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF.
PRINTING PRESSES FOR RAPIDLY PRODUCING CONSECUTIVELY NUMBERED TICKETS
CHEQUES AND FORMS, and in what manner the saine is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to a printing press having cylinders clothed with type
firmly attached to their surfaces for printing the letterpress, distinguishing marks,
and consecutive numbers, of tickets cheques and forms.
The type on these cylinders is arranged in such a way that when the impressions
are put on the paper or cardboard sheets, these paper or cardboard sheets will,
when cut up, and transposed in the manner as hereinafter described, be found in
piles consecutively numbered and in order as required.
In this specification I shall describe the method for printing railway tickets, but
the method and the mechanism employed is the same for cheques or forms.
In order that my invention may be more readily understood I have illustrated
the same in the accompanying four sheets of drawings, reference in detail being
made thereto in the following description.
Figs. 1. 2. 3 are the elevation plan and front view respectively of the general
arrangement of the machine.
Fig. 4 is a section of the general arrangement taken through A B (Fig. 1).
Fig. 5 is an end view of the cylinder shewn in Fig. 4.
Figs. 6. 7. 8 are the elevation plan and end view of the arrangement for gauging
the cardboard sheet in position and for transferring it to the endless chain,
Fig. 9. 10. 11 show three views, drawn to a larger scale than the above, of the
means for opening and closing the fingers.
Figs. 12. 13 are the longitudinal section and end view of the small cylinders.
Fig. 14 is a view of a portion of the surface of one of the small numbering
cylinders.
'
Figs. 15. 16. 17 are the side elevation, front elevation, and plan respectively of
the large cylinder shewing the accelerating gear and cypher depressing gear.
In Fig. 16 the cylinder itself is shewn in section.
Figs. 18. 19 are the plan and elevation of a portion of the accelerating gear
drawn to a larger scale.
Figs. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. are the plan and side view of the chain with two
views each of two details of the same drawn to a larger scale.
Figs. 26. 27. 28 are the elevation plan and end view of the arrangement and
gearing by which the cylinders for printing the hundreds and thousands numerals
are made to step laterally. The frame is removed in Fig. 26.
Fig. 29 is a detached portion of the plan view of the same.
Fig. 30 is a front view of one of the cams connected with the same,

page_text: delivery platen.
Fig. 32 is a detached view of the master lever (r).
In carrying out my invention I provide a frame a a having a number of printing
and impression cylinders h¹ to ho mounted therin with suitable ordinary inking
rollers and apparatus.
print from the pair of cylinders h h the letterpress on the tickets, and from
the pair of cylinders h³ ³ I print the distinguishing marks.
!
I print from a third cylinder h the numbers 00 to 99, the type for which is
firmly attached to the surface being arranged in one hundred rows round the
circumference of the cylinder, and so that the numbers may be printed at one or
both ends of the tickets. The ticket spaces are arranged so that their length lies
parallel to the axis of the cylinder, ten divisions or ten tickets by preference in each
row being placed across the breadth of the cylinder.
I print from the cylinder h the letterpress on the back of the ticket, this
cylinder being used also as an impression cylinder for the type numbers of the
cylinder h*.
I further print from a fourth pair of cylinders he h' the figures denoting the
numerals in the hundreds column, the cylinder h6 being of double width to the
others and with the type arranged in 25 rows and 20 divisions.
A fifth pair of cylinders h³ ³ are of similar construction and arrangement, and
are used for printing the numerals in the thousands column.
All the cylinders are driven at a uniform speed (with the exception of the large,
third cylinder h* as hereinafter described) by means of gearing connected with the
primary motion. In Fig. 1 the gearing is shown by means of dotted circles the
dots being made short and long alternately.
The cardboard sheets onto which the tickets are to be printed have two of their
adjacent edges cut square before being fed into the machine. Each sheet is then
brought onto the feeding table a¹ Fig. 1 and the attendant places it with its cut
edges against two guides bb₁ which are at right angles to each other, the side
guide b being on the table a', the other b¹ being placed across the front part of the
machine. The object of these guides is to secure that the sheet on entering shall
be perfect as to register, and being carried regularly from this position through the
machine by means hereinafter described the tickets after being printed thereon are
perfect also as to register.
Immediately after the fingers d d hereinafter mentioned have clipped the card-
board sheet, the front guide b₁ is raised out of the way to allow the sheet to go
forward into the machine. The guide 61 is placed across the front of the machine
and is fastened to two levers 6 6 on either side which are raised and lowered by
means of a cam 63, this cam being secured to and revolving with the axis of the
lower (h) of the first pair of cylinders. After the front guide b¹ has been raised it
is retained in its elevated position until after the cardboard sheet has passed into
the machine, when it is lowered again so that the various actions may be repeated
with respect to the succeeding sheet and so on.
The cardboard sheet is carried between the different pairs of printing and
impression cylinders before mentioned in an horizontal plane by means of
grippers c¹, Figs. 20 to 25, attached by bars c² to endless bands or chains c. Four
of these grippers are by preference placed across the chain, being pivotted on the
bars c, and the jaws of them are closed onto a part of the chain by the pressure
given by the spring arranged as shewn in Fig. 20. An extension c of the
grippers is brought into contact with a bar or projection placed at either end of the
machine, which causes the jaws to open at the moment when the cardboard sheet is
either received onto or delivered from the chain. The chain has a regular speed
according with that of the surfaces of the printing and impression cylinders.
The grippers on the chain care placed at such suitable intervals as to accord with
the position the sheets are to occupy in following one another through the-machine;
.

page_text: sp that the type, surfaces of the cylinders shall imprint upon them in the order as
previously described.
When a chain is used for carrying the grippers, as in Fig. 20, recesses or grooves
are made in the type and impression surfaces of the cylinders to allow the parts of
the chain to pass clear; but I may by preference use a band with bars carrying the
grippers in a similar manner as before described, these bars being placed across the
band at suitable intervals and at such places where the grippers themselves occur,
The successive printings and impressions given from the small cylinders take place
over one-half of their surface only, the remaining half of the surface of the cylinders
is depressed, Fig. 13, thus allowing the connecting bars of the band before mentioned
to recede and be kept below the level of the printing plane.
.
To ensure the cardboard sheet being fed onto the moving chain cat proper
intervals so that it may be secured thereon by the grippers c¹ for the purpose of being
drawn through the machine, I cause the said cardboard sheet to be taken from the
position occupied as determined by the guides 6 6' by an auxilliary pair of fingers d d,"
which are made to draw it into the machine on the front guide being removed with
a gradually increasing motion, until it acquires a speed agreeing with the speed of
the chain, which is maintained by the fingers d d for some time and distance during
which time the sheet is transferred to the chain c by the grippers c¹ closing on the
said sheet and by the fingers d d of this auxilliary part releasing it.
The parts
referring to this motion are more particularly illustrated in Figs. 6 to 11.
The action of the fingers d d is controlled as to closing and releasing by the
lever band cam 63 which actuates the front guide b¹. An axis d¹ and also the
fingers d d are mounted on a sliding frame e which extends across the machine,
this frame e working in slides el bolted to the frame a a. The pin of a crank d² on
one end of the axis d' engages into a slot b* formed in the lever b², so that when
the lever b2 is raised the axis d' is thus caused to receive a turning motion..-On this
axis two levers d³ ³ are firmly secured which, by means of this turning motion, act.
on an extension of the fingers d d on the other side of their fulera in such a way that
the fingers close on the cardboard sheets immediately before the front guide b¹ is
lifted. The sliding frame e is now traversed or drawn along in the direction of the
length of the machine by means hereinafter described, the fingers ad clipping the
cardboard sheet being carried along with it. The crank d² is also carried with the
frame e, but as the pin of the crank slides in the slot 6 of the lever 62, which is
now in an horizontal position, no turning movement is imparted to the crank or
through it to the fingers. When the sliding frame e is at the end of its motion the
cam 63 allows the lever b² to drop, so imparting a turning movement to the crank
in a reverse direction to that previously given and causing the release of the card-
board sheet by opening the fingers. This occurs at the moment after the sheet has
been transferred to the grippers c¹ on the chain c as before mentioned. The sliding
frame and connections is then returned to its first position and so on.
The sliding frame e has imparted to it a to-and-fro motion as follows:-A
crank connected with the primary motion and revolving at the regular normal
speed of the machine, by means of a connecting rod f' moves a horizontal sliding
block mounted in a slide f³ which is bolted to the frame a. The horizontal
sliding block f has a bell-crank lever e² mounted on it, one arm of which has a bowl
and stud engaging into a fixed irregular groove in the slide f³. The other arm of
the bell-crank lever e² is connected by a link e to the sliding frame e.
At the time when the fingers d d begin to close on the cardboard sheet the
horizontal sliding block f² is being moved from one end of its travel by the action
of the crank f, and at the same time one end of the bell crank lever e² is caused to
be raised by the shape of the irregular groove in which it engages. This motion,
acting in combination with the horizontal movement of the axis of the bell crank
lever, causes the other end of this lever connected with the link e³ to remain
stationary, and therefore the sliding frame e attached to it is stationary also. As
the sliding frame e is thus stationary during a portion of the revolution of the

page_text: +
crank f from which it derives its motion, and as the extent of its motion is equal
to that of the stroke of the crank, therefore in a succeeding part of its traverse it
must receive a corresponding acceleration which, by means of the bell-crank lever c²
engaging in the fixed irregular groove, is made to take place after the fingers & d
have closed on the cardboard sheet, the motion thus given to the sliding frame e
and through it to the cardboard sheet being gradually accelerated and brought up
to and maintained at a speed equal to that of the chain c to which the sheet is then
transferred as previously described.
After the moving chain c has drawn the cardboard sheet through the last pair of
cylinders and the sheet has been released by the jaws of the grippers opening in
the manner before described, it is allowed to pass into contact with several small
endless chains or bands g g. These bands g g, which have the same speed as the
main chain c, pass over pulleys g' g¹ mounted on a frame g* hinged at one end and
which has its centre of movement in the plane of the printing line. This frame ³
has attached to it a platen g³, the projecting ends of which keep the cardboard sheet
supported as it is released by the main chain c. The small endless chains g g mové
parallel with the surface of the platen g³ and have small points in their surface
which prick into the sheet and keep it moving along the platen.
The hinged frame ġ and platen g³ is controlled by an arrangement of cams and
levers y hereinafter described, so that its free end rises and falls alternately
during the interval which ensues between each successive sheet presenting itself
for delivery into one or other of. the four boxes g* in the order and for the purpose
as hereinafter described.
The first pair of printing cylinders have their type and impression surfaces
arranged for printing from one-half their circumference only as shewn in Figs. 12,
13. For printing railway tickets as before mentioned the type on the cylinders is
by préference arranged to print 250 tickets on each cardboard sheet in 25 rows and
10, divisions, and the half circumference of these cylinders is of the right length and
breadth to do this. The first pair of cylinders h h are used to print the subject
matter on the face of the ticket, which is effected in the usual manner, the type
surface being changed and set up as required at the commencement of each series
of tickets. The inking of the type surface is effected in the ordinary manner by
means of suitable inking rollers and spreaders i ii.
The second pair of printing cylinders h³ ³ are of a similar character, but print the
distinguishing marks of the tickets only, being constructed and actuated in the same
manner as the foregoing and inked by similar inking rollers and spreaders i¹¹¹.
The large type cylinder h, Figs. 15 to 19, of the third pair, is used for printing
the units and tens numerals and has type numbers or plates attached to the whole
of its surface, being arranged in 100 equal rows round the circumference numbered
from 00 to 99 consecutively each the width of a ticket and with by preference 10
divisions across the breadth of the cylinder each the length of a ticket. At the
junction of the lines dividing the ticket spaces a small recess is provided in the
type surface for allowing that part of the gripper c¹ which rises above the printing
line in drawing the cardboard sheet through the machine to occupy it as before
mentioned. These recesses are provided on the dividing line of each row, as from
the continual acceleration, as hereinafter described, given to this cylinder each row
becomes in its turn the starting point of the printing.
This cylinder h prints from 25 of its rows at one time, corresponding in length
and breadth to the printing surface of the other cylinders of the machine, and
corresponding consequently to the size of the cardboard sheet. Two printings of
25 rows each are taken from the type on this cylinder in the course of one
revolution, an interval of 25 rows being left between the first and second printing.
During the second interval or fourth portion of the revolution, the time occupied
by the passage of that portion is the same as that during each of the other three
portions of the revolution, but an acceleration is given to the speed of the cylinder
in the manner hereinafter described so that it moves over a distance of 26 rows,

page_text: thus travelling, in the time of one revolution a distance corresponding to 1100
revolutions. When the next succeeding cardboard sheet and the impression
cylinder h³ arrive at. the starting point due to their regular motion, the printing
off the large cylinder h takes place from one row later as the point of com-
mencement than when printing off the similar portion of the circumference just
previously, and printing again from 25 rows continues on one row farther than
before. The interval of 25 rows then recurs, and after printing off the succeeding
25 rows, a second acceleration during the second interval makes the next point of
commencement two rows removed from the initial point of starting and so on.
For instance if the first sheet printed commenced with 00 as the first and 24 as
the last number; as shewn below, the second sheet would have 50 as the first and
74 as the last number, the third sheet through the effect of the acceleration would
commence with 1 and terminate with 25, the fourth sheet would commence with
51 and terminate with 75, the fifth sheet through the effect of the repeated
acceleration would commence with 2 and terminate with 26, the sixth sheet would
commence with 52 and terminate with 76 and so on.

page_text: This acceleration is effected in the manner as follows:-The large cylinder h¹ is
mounted loosely on an axis which extends across the machine. A spur wheel k
with 100 teeth is firmly attached to the cylinder and revolves with it, another spur
wheel with 101 teeth is made fast to the axis j. Two small pinions ² k³ with
an equal number of teeth revolve on an axis j¹ and gear into the wheels k k with
100 and 101 teeth respectively. The pinion k³ gearing into the 100 toothed
wheel is keyed to the axis the pinion and the axis revolving together: the
other pinion geared into the 101 toothed wheel ' is mounted on a sleeve !
keyed to the axis 1 by a feather way so that the sleeve may be free to slide
laterally.
A spiral key or feather is formed on the outside of the sleeve l, which slides in
a spiral keyway or featherway cut in the hole of the pinion ³. A sliding move-
ment is given to the sleeve in the direction of its length by means of the groove
in the cam engaging with the stud 3 which is connected with the sleeve l. The
spiral key in conjunction with this sliding movement gives an angular motion to
the sleeve. The cam 2 being firmly secured to the axis j, and therefore revolving
uniformly with the wheel k¹, thus forces the sleeve and through it the axis j' and
pinion to move slower than the pinion ³ whilst the sleeve is being traversed
in one direction, and to go quicker whilst it is being traversed in the other
direction.
The pinion geared into the 101 toothed wheel k is driven with an equal
angular velocity by a wheel having 101 teeth Fig. 1 which is mounted on a
shaft making half of a revolution whilst the first and second pairs of cylinders / h³
are making a full revolution, and therefore the 101 wheel and the cam l' also
make half of a revolution during the same time. The pinion being retarded as
just described during a portion of its revolution causes the 100 toothed wheel k
into which it gears to be retarded also, that is, to have a variable circumferential
speed relatively to that of the 101 wheel k¹. The large cylinder h' to which the
100 wheel k is attached is thereby also retarded and the speed thus given to it is,
during that time of retardation, made to correspond with the speed of the chain
carrying the cardboard sheet and of the other printing cylinders, that is to say,
during three quarters of a revolution, or the time occupied by the first printing the
first interval and the second printing, the 100 wheel and therefore the large

page_text: cylinder; by the form of the groove of the cam 1 acting as before described, is
made to revolve at a uniform circumferential speed with the other printing
cylinders although at the same time it has a variable speed relatively to its driver
the wheel k'. During the last one-fourth part of the revolution corresponding to
the second interval between the printings, by the reverse action of the sleeve
moved by the cam and directed by the spiral keyway the speed of the
100 wheel k and cylinder 4 is accelerated.
By means of this successive retardation and acceleration the large cylinder h*
accomplishes its revolution in uniform (2 to 1) time with the other cylinders, but
as the wheel attached to it has only 100 teeth, and its driver having 101 teeth
has been moved through a whole révolution, therefore the 100 wheel k and the
large cylinder h* must have been moved through 1100 of a revolution.
This enables the successive changes to take place in the starting point of the line
of printing as before described.
In some cases the type for the cypher that is before the units figures in the first
ten rows of the large cylinder h may be depressed during the passage of the
sheets which do not require these cyphers to be printed on them. This may be
done in the following manner :-
· The type for the cyphers in the first ten rows is mounted on a crosshead m, each
division being on a separate crosshead. These crossheads have a stalk m¹
extending inwards and passing through a guide plate m². Springs are placed
between the crossheads m. m and the guide plate m³ which tend to keep the
crossheads always in their place. One end of a lever m³ pivotted in its centre m¹
is attached by a joint to the end of the crosshead stalk m¹, the other end being left
free, this free end having an inclined cam surface.formed on it.
The levers m³ m³ are made in a cranked-off form, as shewn in the front view,
Fig. 16, for the purpose hereafter mentioned, the part of the lever m³ fastened to
the stalk ml of the crosshead in the left hand division of the cylinder as shewn in
the drawing being firmly secured to its axis m*, which is extended across the
cylinder revolving in bearings formed in the arms of the cylinder, the free end of
the lever belonging to this left hand division is secured to the other end of the
axis m' and appears on the right hand side of the drawing. The other levers m³ m³
secured to the respective crossheads turn on the axis m' as a pivot their free ends
being placed in a determined order in the cylinder as shewn.
It is found that the cypher types require to be depressed in order 'alternately
after the passage of 1800 and 2200 sheets respectively, that' is to say, between the
cyphers in the 2nd and 4th division being depressed there is an interval of 1800
sheets passing through the machine, and between the cyphers in the 3rd and
5th division an interval of 2200 sheets, and so on.
The free ends of the levers m³ are placed in the order corresponding to these
alternate variations of 1800 and 2200 periods, at which times the free ends are
made to be depressed by contact with projections m³ m hereafter described. This
depression of the levers m³ m³ moves the crossheads m m, and causes the cypher
type to be depressed below the surface of the cylinder so that they are not
printed from, this taking place at the times determined by the position of the
levers m³ m³.
A spur wheel n mounted on the axis j is geared into an equal spur wheel n
mounted on an axis revolving in bearings formed on the arms of the cylinder h*.
As there is a difference of one in one-hundred between the revolutions of the
cylinder hand the revolutions of the axis j, therefore the spur wheel n¹ will
revolve once for every hundred revolutions of the axis j. The other end of the
axis is connected with a crank arm n² forming part of an internally screwed
sleeve working on a screw thread formied ou the axis j.

page_text: "
The end of the axis j' also carries two pinions n³, gearing into two spur
wheels n n mounted so as to revolve loosely and independently of each other.
The spur wheels n n7 are moved along regularly together with the screwed
sleeve n³. The spur wheels n n revolve in the ratio of 1 to 9 and 1 to 11 to the
axis respectively, or in the ratio of 1800 to 2200 to each other.
One or other of the studs or projections m³ me before mentioned mounted on the
spur wheels n 27 comes into contact with the inclined surface of the levers m³ m³
at such times as are regulated by the revolution of the spur wheels no n' combined
with the lateral motion given to these wheels by the screwed sleeve n', that
is, after the alternate passages of the 1800 and 2200 sheets respectively.
When connection is thus made the crosshead is caused to be pulled inwards
by the stud or projection m³ or me travelling over the inclined surface of the
Jever m for the required distance as before described, after which the stud
disengages, the crosshead m is released, and the type is sprung up into its normal
position.
The pitch of the screw on the axis j is so proportioned that the screwed sleeve n³
travels in regular time a length equal to that occupied by the free ends of the
levers m³ m³, this time corresponding with that of the passage of 10000 sheets or
one series through the machine. The screwed sleeve n³ will then be brought back
to its first position by hand.
The inking of the large cylinder h' is effected from the inking rollers which
obtain their ink from rollers and spreaders. The type on this cylinder
requires to be inked intermittently only on the 25 rows that are going to be
printed from, and then to be raised away from those rows which form the interval.
To effect this an intermittent cam surface is formed on the periphery of: the cam 12
which is so, shaped as to cause certain levers ³ ³ Figs. 1. 2 carrying the inking
rollers to move them away to a greater radial distance than the surface of
the type and consequently away from contact with the type. This prevents any
accumulation of ink on the type.
The impression cylinder h. is constructed in the same way as the other
small cylinders, Figs: 12, 13, but is provided with-type between the spaces
used for receiving the impression of the type of the cylinder * above.it; this
type is used for printing the back or revet of the ticket, and these two
cylinders h h consequently act as type and impression cylinders for each other
respectively. This cylinder h³ is inked in a similar manner to the foregoing
from the inking rollers and spreaders. It revolves twice for 10 revolutions
of the cylinder h, and having type over one-half its surface only it has the
same circumferential speed whilst printing, the accelerated movement of the large
cylindertaking place while the depressed portion of the cylinder ³ is passing the
printing line.
.
The fourth pair of cylinders he h" print from half of their circumference similarly
to the first and second pair, but the cylinder he is of double the breadth of the
others (Fig. 4) previously described, and has the type spaces for the tickets
arranged in 25 rows and 20 divisions. The type on this cylinder he is for printing
the numerals in the hundreds column and the type on the 20 divisions runs
consecutively 01.
9, 019 every space in any one division having
the same number. Fig. 14 is a portion of the surface of this cylinder shewing the
arrangement of the numbers and is drawn to the same scale as Figs. 12. 13. From
this arrangement the cardboard sheet, as it is drawn through the cylinders ho h',
will be printed with the same figure in the 100 column before the units and tens
figures in each space of any one division.
The first sheet after passing this 100 cylinder would thus read in the first
division, if the cyphers had not been depressed, 000 001 to 024; in the second:
division, 100 101 to 124; and so on: the second sheet would read similarly

page_text: When 100 sheets are printed the cylinder he is made to step one division
laterally as hereinafter described, so that the numbers in the first division of the
101st sheet would read, 100 101 to 124; in the second division, 200 201 to 224;
and so on; in the first division of the 102nd sheet, 150 151 to 174;.in the second
division, 250 251 to 274; and so on.
The cylinder he is made to step one division laterally after the passage of every
100' sheets and, as it is of double width and has a double set of divisions, the
figures are thus transposed, and as 10 divisions only are printed from at one time,"
they pass out of employ at one end to appear as it were at the other end being
there employed similarly in a different division.
The divisions being made to. step at the passage of every hundred sheets from
0 to 9 consecutively (that is from 0 to 1, 1.to 2 and so on successively) one whole
movement from end to end thus corresponds to the passage of 1000 sheets. Whilst
the next 1000 sheets are being passed through, the cylinder is made to return"
from 9 to 0 successively and so on for each 1000 sheets.

page_text: The type for the cyphers on the cylinder he is put on a number of crossheads a
Figs. 4, 5, which are caused to be depressed when required by suitable means
hereinafter described.
The fifth pair of cylinders h³ h are of similar construction to the cylinders ho h
and the type surface is used for printing the numerals in the thousands columns:
the type in the cypher division is left blank and the lateral stepping movement is
made to take place only after the passage of every 1000 sheets.
As the cypher column is left blank the numbers in the first division of the first
sheet after passing this cylinder will read the same as after passing the 100 cylinder,
viz 000, 001 to 024; in the second division they will read 1100, 1101 to 1124
and so on the second sheet would read similarly in the first division, 050 051
to 074; in the second division, 1150, 1151 to 1174; and so on. A similar order
would be preserved in the 101st and 102nd sheet. After the passage of 1000 sheets
the first lateral stepping of this 1000 cylinder will take place (the 100 cylinder
having by this time stepped 10 times) and the numbers on the 1001st sheet will
read in the first division, 1900 1901 to 1924; in the second division, 2000, 2001
to 2024; and so on: the 1002nd sheet will read in the first division, 1950, 1951
to 1974: and so on.

page_text: The means for effecting the lateral movement of the 100 and 1000 cylinders h6 h³
are shown in Figs. 26 to 30. Sliding frames o o' carry hanging brackets o os in
which the pedestal blocks of o* for supporting the axes of the cylinders.ho h³ are
placed. The hanging-brackets 02 03 are brought inside the cylinders by means of
the cylinders being made in three parts as shewn in Fig. 4.
By means of spur gearing the large inking roller i, Figs. 1, 2, is driven at a
uniform speed of 2 to 1 compared with that of the small printing cylinders, and by
motion given through a pair of bevel wheels p, Fig. 2, from the shaft of the inking
roller, the shaft p¹ is driven at a speed of 4 to 1 compared to that of the small
printing cylinders. Through diminishing spur gearing p³ the shaft p³, Fig. 26, is
driven at a corresponding speed of 2 to 1. A worm pinion on this shaft p³, gearing
with its wheel revolving on shaft p³ in the ratio of 100 to 1, drives two spur
wheels qq, revolving with the worm wheel, at a speed of 1 to 50 as compared
with that of the small printing cylinders. The spur wheel q¹ has 40 teeth and
gears into a wheel q³ with 80 teeth, and thus the wheel q³ revolves at a speed, of
I in 100, that is, makes one revolution for every hundred of the small printing
cylinders, or for every hundred sheets passed through the machine. The wheel q
has 41 teeth and gears into a wheel q with 80 teeth, which thus revolves at a
speed of 1 for every hundred sheets passed through the machine. A cam q” qº
is attached to and revolves with each of the wheels qq respectively, Fig. 30, which
thus have a motion relatively to each other of 1 to 1.
r
One end of a master lever r, Fig. 32, pivotted on the centre r¹ engages in a notch
in the periphery of the cam 95, which engagement from the motion of the cam
takes place uniformly after the passage of each hundred sheets through the
machine. The master lever has a T head formed on its other end, Fig. 32, on
which one end of each of three other levers ² (pivotted on the same centre r')
rest, and are controlled by it. The other end of the two levers ³ ³ rest also on
the periphery of the second cam q which moves 11th of a revolution quicker than
the first cam go. These two levers 72 by means of a stud each rest on one-half
the breadth of the periphery of the cam q6; these two halves of the periphery are
recessed in two places each for a distance of a quadrant on either side alternately,
Fig. 30. The levers 723 at proper times as determined drop into these recesses
respectively. On the master lever 7 which controls or holds out the two levers 73
giving them freedom to move by itself dropping into gear with the notch in the
first cam go, the stud on the end of one of the two levers ³, up to which one of
the recesses on the periphery of the cam g will now have travelled, drops into that
recess and acts as hereinafter mentioned.

page_text: :
On 100 revolutions of the small printing cylinders being completed a point ou
the cam would be 16th in advance of its angular position at the commencement,
having made however by that time one complete revolution and one-fortieth, and
therefore one or other of the levers ² controlled by it will drop into one or other
of the recesses formed thereon at each succeeding 13 revolution, and as these
recesses are each the length of one quadrant or 18 of the circle one of the levers ²ð
will drop into the recess on its half of the periphery of the cam 10 consecutive times,
that is, once for each hundred sheets passed through its companion lever will then
drop into the recess on the other side 10 consecutive times, and so on alternately.
These 10 consecutive actions cause the sliding frame o carrying the 100 cylinder h
to be moved laterally 10 times in one direction, and then 10 times in the reverse
direction by means of connections as follows:-A bevel wheels on the shaft p³
gears into two equal bevel wheels 81 83, on either side of its axis, running loosely on
the shaft t. The wheels s and 8² 8² are in size in the proportions of 1 to 4, and
thus the wheels 8' 82 revolve in opposite directions at a speed of one-half of a
revolution for every revolution of the small printing cylinders. Each of the equal
bevel wheels &¹ 8ª carries a smaller bevel wheel as on themselves, mounted on an
axis fixed radially to their own axis, the shaft t. .These bevel wheels 838 each
engage into a second and third pair of equal bevel wheels 8 86, 87 88, (forming two
sets of what is commonly known as differential gearing) and one of each of these
pairs, viz, 8 67, is firmly keyed to the shaft t, each of the others, viz, 80 88, revolving
thereon loosely and having on its extended boss one projecting tooth. When the
ends of either of the lovers 2 controlled by the second cam 9° as .before
mentioned engages into one of the recesses of that cam after the passage of one
hundred sheets, the other end of one or other of those levers moves in the way of
the projection or tooth on the boss of one or other of the bevel, wheels 86 88, and
prevents that wheel from revolving on its shaft t, but as the small bevel wheel 8³
or 8 which is mounted radially on the bevel wheels 8' or 8' is being at the same
time moved uniformly, one or other of the companion bevel wheels s or 87, which
is firmly secured to the shaft t, is thus caused to revolve causing also a revolution
of the shaft t.
The shaft t through gearing t¹ causes the revolution uniformly with itself of the
shaft t2 placed across and supported on the frame a a of the machine. A cam or worm
wheel on this shaft t engages into teeth or projections u¹ on the sliding frame o
which carries the 100 type cylinder h, and when a revolution of the shaft t takes
place by the means just described the sliding frame and through it the cylinder ho.
is moved or stepped laterally the determined distance, that is, one division for the
purpose previously mentioned. When the shaft has made one revolution and
caused the stepping motion of the sliding frame o and cylinder ho, the lever ² or³
is disengaged from the projection or tooth on the bevel wheel 8 or 8 by a stud on
the bevel wheel 81 or 82 coming into contact with it. The bevel wheel 8 or 88 then
revolves idly on its axis t as before and the revolution of the shaft t₁ is brought to
a stop. According as one or other of the levers ² is engaged with one or other
of the bevel wheels 80s, so the sliding frame o and cylinder 6 is moved laterally
in one or other direction, this movement as before described taking place 10 times
consecutively in each direction.
The cam u is so shaped that the lateral movement of the sliding frame o is made
to take place during one-half of its revolution, no movement being made during
the other half revolution. On the other end of the shaft t² a double screw cam u³,
Figs. 2, 3, is mounted (also shewn detached in Fig. 29) which causes a frame oº,
having inking rollers is mounted in it, to be moved laterally a distance equal to
the length of one ticket in the opposite direction to that in which the cylinder h® is
for the time being about to be moved, so that only the type which is going to bo
printed from shall be inked. This movement of the inking frame of takes place
during the half revolution when no movement is communicated to the sliding
frame o as above described. Immediately the double screw cam u' has moved
the inking frame o the required distance for this purpose during the first half

page_text: revolution of the shaft 2 as stated, the inking rollers, which at. this moment
are brought into contact with the type surface, return during the second half
revolution of the shaft t to their first position moving in the same direction and at
the same speed with the cylinder he which is now being moved laterally as before
described. The time in which these lateral movements take place accords with an
interval between two consecutive sheets passing through the machine.
The 1000 cylinder ha is moved in a lateral direction by, a similar action to that
given to the 100 cylinder h, but as it only requires to be moved in one direction
(10 steppings) during the printing of 10000 sheets constituting one series, only one
pair of bevel wheels ss10 corresponding to the bevel wheels $7 88 need to be used
and these are driven in a similar manner to those by a small bevel wheel carried
radially on a larger one driven at the speed of one-half of a revolution for every
revolution of the small printing cylinders by means of bevel gearing from the
shaft pl. The lever. is inoved at the proper time in the way of the projecting
tooth on the boss of the bevel wheel 810 which is thus arrested and movement is
given in a similar manner to that before described to the.shaft 3 which corresponds
in position and action to the shaft t.. The cam or worm wheel u³ on this shaft (³
causes the lateral movement of the sliding frame o¹ carrying the cylinder h³, and
the cam u Fig. 2, on the end of the shaft 3 actuates the frame carrying the inking
rollers in a similar manner to that in connection with the 100 cylinder.
The bevel wheel so is arrested by means of the following action:-A groove v
Figs. 26, 30, is formed in the side of the cam g' in which the stud of the lever
works which is pivotted on the centre r' and controlled by the master lever r.
Notches are made in this groove v corresponding to the ends of the quadrant
recesses before mentioned formed on the periphery of the cam. The lever being
controlled in a similar manner to the levers is freed by the master lever after
the passage of every hundred sheets, but as the notch, into which it can drop is
formed in the groove v only at the angular point corresponding to the passage of
every ten-hundred sheets, the lever is only free to drop into its notch after the
passage of every thousand sheets. As it does this it pulls the lever ³, connected to
it by a link, and the lever consequently moves in the way of the projecting tooth
on the bevel wheel 810 after every 1000 revolutions of the cylinder h³.
The inking rollers and are carried on sliding frames as just described and
are inked from supply and spreading rollers placed across the frame of the machine
in the ordinary and usual manner.
All the cylinders except the 100 and 1000 cylinders he h³, which are supported
from banging brackets o² o³, revolve in bearings secured to the frame a a and are
connected by a train of wheels driven at a uniform speed from the primary
motion.
It may be required to depress the cyphers in the 100 cylinder before the numerals
representing the units and tens figures. The necessity for this is found to occur
when the cypher divisions of the 100 and 1000 cylinders are in a line with
each other lengthways of the machine. To effect this depression a cam groove w,.
Figs. 26. 27. 28, is formed in the sliding frame o' which receives. the end of a link
connected to one end of a bell crank lever pivotted on the hanging bracket o³.
When the sliding frames o o' in their lateral movement pass each other on this line,
a turning movement is given to the bell crank lever w³ by the link engaging in the
cam w acting on one end of it. The other end of it works in a groove w² formed
in an annular ring carried inside the cylinder h* Fig. 4. As the end of the bell
crank lever engaging in the groove w² is thus moved the annular ring also receives
a motion in the direction of the length of the cylinder 6. The type of the cypher
division is mounted on a number of crossheads x Figs. 4, 5, which are able to be
pulled down or depressed when the wedge shaped pieces ¹ which pass through
slots in the stalk of the crossheads are drawn lengthwise. The wedge shaped
pieces connected with the crossheads of the two cypher divisions are connected
to each other and also to the annular ring by suitable bolts and sliding. pieces, so
that when the annular ring is, moved lengthwise as above described the wedge;

page_text: snaped pieces z are pицеа апа the crossheads carrying the cypher type are
depressed as required.
The hinged frame g₁ previously described is made to deliver each sheet as it
passes out of the machine into one of four boxes g* placed one above the other. The
order given to the delivery of the cardboard sheets is that the separate sheets of
every set of one hundred are delivered alternately, either into the first and second
box, or into the third and fourth box. The motion of the hinged frame to effect
this delivery is given as follows:-
A lever g³, Fig. 1, secured to the axis of the hinged frame g³, is connected by
links y to a cam y receiving motion uniformly from the primary motion the cam y
having such an eccentricity as to cause the hinged frame to move alternately at the
delivery of each sheet the distance between two boxes, that is, either between the
first and second, or between the third and fourth boxes. The links y³ connecting
the hinged frame g³ and the cam y are connected at one intermediate point to either
end of a double ended lever or rocking shaft y, which is suspended about its centre
to a lever y so hung as to be able to receive a slight angular motion. The cam q³
having a uniform motion of one revolution for every hundred sheets passed through
the machine as before mentioned has a projection or stud z Figs. 26, 31, formed on
it, which once in each revolution of it turns a star wheel z¹ to which is secured a
lobed cam turning with it. The lobed cam 2 presses on a projection formed on
the lever y³, which is thus caused to alter its angular position every time that the
lobed cam and star wheel are moved through one quadrant by means of the
projection on the cam q°, that is, every time that one hundred sheets have passed
through the machine. This alternate motion of the lever y³ shifts the point of
suspension of the rocking shaft y² during the time of the delivery of each alternato
one hundred sheets, so that the continuous motion of the cam y combined with the
alternate alteration of the point of suspension of the rocking shaft y causes the end
of the hinged frame g² to oscillato alternately between the first and second boxes, g*,
and then between the third and fourth boxes and so on.
Thus the first sheet delivered will be put into the first box, the second sheet into
the second box, the third sheet into the first box again, and so on; also the hundred
and first sheet will be put into the third box, the hundred and second into the
fourth box, the hundred and third into the third box again, and so on for this
second hundred sheets, when delivery will take place again into the first and second
box.
By this means the sheets are piled in regular order of 50 in each box, and they
may be removed by the attendant in piles of 100, as whilst the first and second
boxes are being cleared the third and fourth are being filled and vice-versa.
Each sheet on leaving the machine is thus directed into one of two alternate
boxes so that the first sheet of the first hundred shall form the bottom of the pile
in the first box, the numbers in the spaces of the top row of the sheets of this pile
reading from bottom to top consecutively 0 to 49. The second shect delivered will
form the bottom of the pile in the second box and, the numbers in the corresponding
spaces to the above will read from 50 to 99, so that when these two piles are placed
together the numbers in the spaces of the top row will read from 0 to 99,.and the
numbers of the other rows in their relative order.
By taking every pile of one hundred sheets of paper or cardboard immediately
it leaves the machine and cutting transversely at the lines dividing the rows of
tickets, the sheets are separated into piles of strips of one hundred in number as
regards depth, and any number by preference ten tickets or forms in length,
according to the width of sheet or printing cylinder employed.
These cut piles are to be divided at the figure commencing each hundred and
transposed so that they will read from 0 to 99, 100 to 199, 200 to 299, and so on.
The piles may afterwards be cut across at the dividing lines of the divisions of the
rows of tickets, and the tickets then may be bound up in bundles of 100 in separate
lots and packed as required.

page_text: As each space on the cardboard sheet is in turn consecutively numbered
from 0 to 9999 ten thousand sheets are consequently required to be passed
through the machine to constitute one series. When railway tickets are printed
as assumed in the foregoing description, 250 tickets can be arranged on each
sheet, and therefore in passing one series of 10000 sheets through the machine
2,500,000 tickets are printed and numbered consecutively in 250 lots numbered
from 0 to 9999.
A different letterpress if required may be set up for each of the 250 spaces, or the
same form may be used. for them all and thus 250 different sets of tickets
.consecutively numbered from 0 to 9999 may be obtained in one course of
operations, or there may be obtained 250 sets of 10000 tickets of the same form
and in other proportions. If bankers cheques or other forms are printed, less than
250 forms will be obtained from each sheet, but each form will be consecutively
numbered in a similar manner and by the same mechanisin as the above.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The method of printing numbers consecutively on tickets cheques or forms
from cylinders clothed with fixed type by means of accelerating the motion of such
cylinders substantially as hercin described.
2. The combination with such cylinders, of cylinders clothed with fixed type
arranged for the purpose of printing the figures in the hundreds and thousands
columns substantially as herein described and illustrated.
3. The application to the cylinders for printing the figures in the hundreds and
thousands columns, of the means for moving them laterally for the purpose and
in the manner substantially as herein described and particularly illustrated in
Figs. 20 to 30.
"
:
4. The combination with the cylinders for printing the numbers, of cylinders
clothed with type for printing the letterpress on such tickets cheques or forms.
5. The combination with the cylinders for printing the numbers, of the hinged
frame for distributing the printed sheets in the desired manner actuated and
controlled in manner substantially as herein described.
6. The combination with the cylinders for printing the numbers, of the chain and
grippers for drawing the sheet through the machine.
7. The combination with the cylinders for printing the numbers, of the means
employed for accelerating the speed of the sheet until it attains that of the chain
substantially as herein described and particularly illustrated in Figs. 6 to 11.
8. The application to the cylinder for printing the units and tens figures, of the
means adopted for depressing the cyphers before the units figures substantially as
herein described and illustrated.
9. The application to the cylinder for printing the hundreds figures, of the means
adopted for depressing the cyphers before the units and tens figures substantially as
herein described and illustrated.