Year: 1887

page_text: I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a construction in window sash in which the sash is provided
with side strips (herein called slides), which slide in the grooves of the window frame
and from which the sash may be wholly detached, so that said sash may be con-
veniently taken entirely out of the window frame for the purpose of cleaning and then
restored to their places. The invention is thus to be distinguished for those
constructions in which the sash is pivoted to such slides and can only be tilted over.
It is one object of the invention to provide convenient devices for holding the slides
in and at the lower ends of the groves of the frame in the absence of the sash so
that they will not be displaced or rise out of reach by lifting force of the sash
weights, the cords of which are attached to said slides.
It is another object of the invention to provide such a construction of the fastenings
which hold the slides in the frame grooves that said fastenings will be released from
the frame by the act of inserting the sash, and, on the other hand, will be automatically
engaged with the frame by the act of removing the sash.
Another object of the invention is to provide devices for firmly pressing the slides
against the sides of the sash, another to devices for locking the sash to the slides,

page_text: and another to flexible weather strips applied to the slides so that when the said
slides are drawn closely against the sash there will be no space opened between the
slides and the frame through which wind may enter.
In the accompanying drawings which represent forms of my several improvements,
Figure 1 is an inside view of a window sash removably attached to marginal slides,
parts being broken away to show the catch which engages each slide with the window
frame; Figure 2 is a side view of the left hand slide of Figure 1, looking at the face
of the slide, which runs in contact with the stile of the window frame; Figure 3 is a
view of that side of the same slide which is in contact with the edge of the sash;
Figure 4 is a view of the adjacent edge of the sash; Figure 5 is an enlarged,
fragmentary view showing the slide at the left hand of the sash of Figure 1, in vertical
section through the shell which encloses the automatic catch, and a part of the adjacent
sash rail broken away in a plane, nearer to the eye so as to show the striker which
engages the automatic catch; Figure 6 is an enlarged fragment of one of the slides
viewed on that side which is adjacent to the frame, illustrating the automatic catch
more plainly than it is seen in Figure 2; Figure 7 is a horizontal section taken on
the line 77 of figure 1; but enlarged from that figure and including the
adjacent stile and stops of a window frame, the said stops being also shown by dotted
lines in Figure 6 ; Figure 8 is a similar section taken through the line 8----8 of
figure 1.
A A are the vertical rails of a window sash; B B are the vertical, marginal slides
which are attached to the sash and which slide in grooves of the frame. C is one of
the frame stiles upon which c c (Figure 6 and 7) are the stops or sides of the frame
groove in which run the slides B B. D D are the sash-weight cords attached to the
slides B B. It will be understood as a matter of course that the sash cords D are
trained over pulleys near the top of the window stiles, and that weights are attached
to the opposite, depending ends of said cords within the side chambers of the window
frame. These matters are not shown for the reason that they are or may be of the
usual or any desired construction. At the lower end of each slide B is an inwardly
projecting pin b and in the adjacent lower face of the sash rail A is a recess a in the
form of a slot which is open at the side or bottom of the window sash, preferably at
the bottom thereof, to admit said pin b by a lowering movement of the sash thereon.
Both the slides and the sash are rabbeted in their meeting faces as illustrated in
Figure 8 so that the sash can be tilted or moved inwardly and not outwardly between
the slides B. The upper and outer sash is narrower than the lower and inner sash,
and the slides belonging to the upper sash are correspondingly wider, by as much as
will allow the upper sash to be removed inwardly between the slides of the inner sash
when the latter are secured in the lower parts of their appropriate frame grooves,
notwithstanding the projection of the ribs on said slides of the inner sash. Each
sash is provided preferably at its upper part and on each side with some suitable form
of catch, or lock, or bolt, indicated at E E, which engage with the slides B B and by
which the sash may be held in an upright position within said slides. The particular
form of such fastenings, as shown at E, is an inwardly sliding bolt mounted movably
and horizontally in the rails A- of-the sash-and adapted to be pushed outwardly into
the recesses E¹ E' in the slides B. Any other suitable form of bolt, or slide, or lock,
may however, be used instead of this here shown.
When the sash is removed from the slides the latter would of course tend to rise by
reason of the draft upon the weight-cords D unless secured to the frame. To prevent
such rising of the slides each slide is provided with an automatic catch which will
engage the frame when the slide is in position near the bottom of the frame grooves.
and will thus lock the slide in this place until the sash is returned. As here shown
the catch for this purpose consists of a button F mounted upon a pin F¹ and combined
with the spring F in such manner, as shown, that the spring tends to throw the end
or ends of the button outwardly beyond the face or faces of the slide and into engage-
ment with a notch or notches in the adjacent stop or stops c c¹. Suitable notches in
the opposite stops to admit the ends of the button F, are shown in dotted lines of

page_text: figure 6. The button F as here shown swings in a plane at right angles with the
plane of the window sash and, if properly constructed, as shown, its opposite ends may
engage both the front and rear stops of each groove as indicated clearly in said
figure 6, the pivot of said button being in the plane of the window sash. The
button F is provided with an inward projection F which reaches beyond the inner
face of the slide to which it is attached and into the path of the wider part of the sash,
and upon the sash is secured a metal plate or striker F* in proper position to strike or
bear against this projection F³, when the window is pressed to its place and to thereby
rotate the button F backwardly out of engagement with the stop or stops c and c².
This striker, of course, continues to hold the button retracted while the sash is in
place between the slides and releases it when the sash is tilted only slightly forward.
The catch is therefore wholly automatic in both its locking and releasing movements
so that in removing or inserting the sash only the bolts E and pins b require
attention from the operator after he shall have lowered the sash to the bottom of
the frame preparatory to removing the sash. The operation of removing and
inserting the sash is therefore plainly to first lower the sash and its slides to the
lower part of the window frame, then to release the catches EE which secure the
sash in its upright position, then to tip the upper part of the sash forwardly on
the pins b, and finally to remove the sash by lifting it off the pins b. To insert the
sash these movements are reverse; that is to say, the sash, in an inclined position,
is first lowered upon the pins b, and is then pushed outwardly into an upright
position and the catches E are engaged with the slide. In these respective operations
the buttons Fare engaged and disengaged with the stops of the window frame, as
already described.
As a means of drawing the slides B B closely against the sash in the act of inserting
the latter, the slides are provided with one or more plates B¹ secured thereto preferably
with the rib 6¹ and projecting into the path of the wider part of the sash. The latter
is cut away to admit the plate B₁ and the recess thus formed for this purpose is
covered with the plate A¹ behind which the projecting plate B passes as seen in
figure 7. The plates B₁ and A' are inclined outwardly (from the parts to which they
are secured) towards their ends on their adjacent or meeting faces and these inclined
faces press against each other as the sash is pushed to its place so as to draw the slides
snugly against the sash.
In providing for suitable freedom for the movement of the sash between the slides,
the clamping of these parts to each other as last above explained manifestly draws the
slides from the frame. It is therefore desirable to apply a weather strip between the
slides and the frame, so that when the slides are moved outwardly from the bottoms of
the frame grooves in being clamped closely to the sash there will be no space opened
between the slides and the frame through which wind may find entrance. To this end
each slide is grooved or rabbeted, preferably at its outer end, and a strip G, of rubber,
felt, or other suitable material is tacked or otherwise secured in the groove or rabbet
in position to bear against either the stile C or the stop c or c¹.
The button F will preferably be mounted in a cast metal shell F³ and said shell
may, if desired, be suitably located and constructed, as shown in Figures 1, 5 and 6,
to receive the knotted end of the sash cord D. This, however, is not essential, as the
button may be located at any desired point on the slide. I have in fact, and with
good results, located the button F near the bottom of the sash and have formed the
shell for said button as a part of the same casting which contains the recess or slot a.
In the present drawings I have shown a separate casting A' at the bottom of the sash
containing the recess a and also as forming one of the binding plates A', but the
binding plates may be, of course, separate plates or castings if desired or one of
them may be part of the catch E. The pin b is also shown as a stud upon a cast
plate B, and 1 prefer this construction when the window sash is of wood in order
to give proper strength to support the said pin. The slides B are also illustrated
as of wood but they may manifestly be of metal, if preferred, and the binding plates
belonging to the slides may be parts of the metal forming the slides.

page_text: In the construction of the button F it is preferred to give the latter engagement
with both stops c and c¹ in order to better retain the slides within the frame groove
when the sash is removed; and it is also preferred to give to the ends of the button
the oppositely bent form shown in figures 2, 3 and 6, in order that only narrow
passages 63 need be provided for the ends ff of said button. I do not, however, wish
to be restricted to the particular construction of the catch herein shown for holding
the slides to the window frame; and, generally, I do not wish to be restricted to the
exact details and precise forms of the various parts as herein shown, since these may
be varied without departure from my invention.
The automatic catches which secure the slides to the frame may be used with a sash
which is merely tilting, and is not wholly removable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The combination of a grooved window frame, slides fitted to run in grooves of
said frame, a sash wholly detachable from said slides, sash weights attached to the
slides, fastenings which detachably secure the sash to the slides, and other fastenings
on the several slides which detachably engage said slides with the window frame.
2. The combination, with a window frame and a vertically movable sash, of
weighted slides at the vertical margins of the sash fitted to run in guides or grooves
of the frame stiles, means for detachably securing the sash to the slides, whereby
the sash may be entirely removed from the slides while the latter are retained in
the frame, and movable fastenings on the slides for retaining said slides in place
at the lower part of the window frame when the sash is being removed and when
absent.
3. The combination, with a window frame, and a sliding sash, of slides movably
secured to the vertical margins of the sash, and catch as which engages the slides
with the adjacent stiles, said catches each having a bearing engagement with the
sash whereby the catch is held disengaged from the stile by the sash when the latter
is in place.
4. The combination, with a window frame and a sliding sash, of a slide movably
secured to the sash, and an automatic catch which engages the slide with the frame
when the sash is absent and is held clear of the frame by the sash when said sash
is absent.
5. The combination, with a window frame, a sash and a slide applied removably to
the vertical margins of the sash, and having a weight attached thereto, of a pivoted
rotatable button on the inner vertical face of the slide, which button engages with the
frame, a spring which tends to rotate the button into engagement with the frame, and
a part or projection belonging to the button arranged to stand in the way of the sash,
whereby the sash, when inserted in place, forces the button out of engagement with
the frame and leaves said slide free to move with the sash, while upon withdrawal of
the sash the button is free to engage the frame, substantially as described.
6. The combination, with a window frame having stops between which are grooves
for guiding the sash, a sash provided with slides removably applied to the vertical
margins thereof, and weight cords secured to the slides of a centrally pivoted button
in the inner face of each of the slides and between the ends thereof, interior recesses
in the proximate faces of both adjacent stops of each groove of the window frame,
whereby both ends of each button simultaneously engage with the stops to more
securely retain the slides within the grooves of the frame when the sash is removed,
substantially as described.
7. In combination, with a window sash, and detachable slides applied to vertical
margins of the sash, of pivoted pins on the lower ends of the slides, corresponding
recesses in the lower ends of the sash to receive said pins, plates secured at their rear

page_text: margins to the slides and projecting forward clear of said slides, and plates secured at
their front margins to the sash projecting backward clear of the sash in position to
enter behind the plates on the slides, the surfaces of the thus engaging plates being
inclined, as set forth, whereby the sash when rotated on the lower pin into the same
plane with the slides draws the slides closely to itself, substantially as described.
8. The combination, with a grooved window frame, a sash and detachable slides
secured to the sash and running in the grooves of the frame, of means for drawing the
slides against the sash and away from the bottom of the frame grooves, and weather
strips applied to the slides in position to bear upon a wall of the frame grooves,
whereby they prevent spaces from being opened between the slides and the window
frame upon the movement of the slides toward the sash in being clamped closely
thereto, substantially as described.