IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES TO BE ATTACHED TO THE SHOES OR PLATES OF ANIMALS TO AFFORD A BETTER FOOTHOLD, AND IN THE METHOD OF SECURING THE SAME THEREIN."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Bland, of Luton, in the County of Bedford, for an
Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLIANCES TO BE ATTACHED TO THE
SHOES OR PLATES OF ANIMALS TO AFFORD A BETTER FOOTHOLD, AND IN
THE METHOD OF SECURING THE SAME THEREIN."
PROVISIONAL-SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Bland at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th January 1881.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
HENRY BLAND, of Luton, in the County of Bedford.
APPLIANCES TO BE ATTACHED TO THE SHOES OR PLATES OF ANIMALS TO Afford
A BETTER FOOTHOLD, AND IN THE METHOD OF SECURING THE SAME THEREIN."
This Invention relates to certain appliances to be attached to the shoes or plates of
animals for the purpose of "roughing," or to afford a better foothold, and to the
mode of securing the same therein, and consists in the employment of any convenient
number of removeable steel spikes commonly known as "frost roughs" or "cogs."
" are
of the peculiar form and construction hereinafter described, which "roughs
inserted into smooth round holes in the shoe or plate, such holes having a taper
of about one eighth of an inch in a length of one inch and a half, the shanks of
the "roughs" or cogs being also made smooth without shoulders, and of exactly
the same amount of taper, the particular taper given combining the best hold in
the shoe with facility for detaching the "rough" when required. The tips of the
'roughs" are flattened at their sides towards the shoe in order to afford a hold for
a key or wrench, and are made towards their outer ends by preference of a round
conical form for light use and of a flattened shape for general purposes, the face of
the tip presenting a rectangle. The fact of the shanks of the "roughs" being made
smooth or without screw threads or shoulders affords the greatest amount of
strength with a given weight of metal, all unnecessary or superfluous metal being
dispensed with. The holes can be readily cleaned and prepared for the insertion
of the "roughs" after the shoes or plates have been in use for any length of
time by simply inserting a correspondingly tapered steel rymer.
"

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Henry Bland in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th July
1881.
HENRY BLAND, of Luton, in the County of Bedford. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPLIANCES TO BE ATTACHED TO THE SHOES OR PLATES OF ANIMALS TO AFFORD
A BETTER FOOTHOLD, AND IN THE METHOD OF SECURING THE SAME THEREIN."
"F
cog
"
My said Invention relates to a peculiar appliance to be attached to the shoes or
plates of animals for the purpose of "roughing," or to afford a better foot-hold; also
to the mode of securing the same in the said shoes, and consists of a removeable
⚫steel spike commonly known as a frost rough" or "cog" of the peculiar form and
construction hereinafter described. The shank of my improved "rough" or "
is round and smooth on the surface without screw threads, has a taper from below
upwards of about an eighth of an inch in an inch and a half, and is without any
shoulder or enlargement bearing on the under surface of the shoe. The tip or that
part of my improved "rough" or "cog" which projects below the under surface of
the shoe is flattened at its sides in order to afford a hold for a key or wrench for
removing the "cog." When required for light use the improved "cog" is made
towards its outer end by preference of a round conical form, but when required for
general purposes I prefer to make this part of a flattened shape, the face of the tip
in the latter case having a rectangular form. These peculiar "roughs" or " cogs
are secured into the shoe by inserting them into smooth round holes specially made
to receive them in the shoe or plate, such holes having a taper corresponding
exactly to that of the shank of the "rough" or " cog." The particular degree of
taper in the shanks and holes hereinbefore mentioned affords the best and most
secure hold to the "cogs," whilst at the same time admitting of their being readily
loosened by the wrench when requiring to be removed. The fact of the shanks of
the "roughs" being made smooth or without screw threads or shoulders affords the
greatest amount of strength with a given weight of metal, all unnecessary or super-
fluous metal being dispensed with. The holes can be readily cleaned and prepared
for the insertion of the "roughs" after the shoes or plates have been in use for
any length of time by the aid of a correspondingly tapered steel rymer.
دو
"
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood, I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to
the several Figures in the explanatory Sheet of Drawings hereunto, annexed, the
same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents a plan of the underside of an ordinary
horse shoe having my improved "roughs or "cogs" secured therein according to
my said Invention; Figure 2 is a corresponding side elevation of the same partly
in section; Figure 3 illustrates in side and front elevation and plan one of my
improved "roughs or "cogs" detached, as adapted for general purposes or
ordinary use; Figure 4 represents similar views of the modified forms of "
or cog" as adapted for light use.
دو
'rough
"
A is the body of the horse shoe with the usual nail holes B, B, shown therein.
At any convenient part or parts of the shoe I form one or more tapered holes
(one of which is shown empty at C) of the size required, the wider ends of the said
tapered holes being on the under face of the shoe or that nearest the ground.
These holes may be formed originally by drilling or in any other well known
manner, after which the particular taper required, namely, a taper equivalent to
about one eighth of an inch in a length of one and a half inches is produced by the
aid of a rymer or tool of corresponding taper, such for example, as is shown in side
elevation and transverse section at Figures 5 and 6.

page_text: The holes having been brought to the exact taper required and left smooth
inside, are ready to receive the improved "roughs" or ") cogs" D, four of which
are shown fitted in position in Figure 1. These "roughs" or "cogs" (as shown in
Figure 3) consist of a tapered shank a made smooth on the surface or sides, that is
to say, without any screw thread thereon, and tapered so as to correspond exactly
with the taper of the holes which receive them. The larger end of the tapered
shank a or that part which is next to the ground is flattened, as shown at b to
receive a slotted tool or wrench, such, for example, as is shown at Figure 7 for
facilitating the removal of the "cogs" when required. The extreme end of the
flattened part b is left plain on the surface, as will be readily seen on referring to
the different views at Figure 3. In the modified form of "cog" for light use
shown at Figure 4, the flattened part merges into the cone c at the tip. This
flattening of the sides of the outer end of the "rough" or "cog" is produced by
stamping or forging the larger end of the original piece of metal forming the shank,
and as no shoulder enlargement or collar is formed on the shank, it follows that
my improved "roughs" or "cogs" are lighter in proportion to their strength than
those heretofore employed. A light tap of the wrench Figure 7 on the tip of the
cog after it has been inserted into its tapered hole suffices to secure it effectually in
position, and its removal is as readily accomplished by fitting the slot of the
wrench onto the flattened end b, and imparting a partial turn thereto. I have found
in practice that the stumps of the worn out "roughs" may be advantageously
utilized with a view to increasing the durability of the shoe in summer wear (more
particularly in those cases in which a horse wears his shoes unequally) by inserting
such stumps (hardened all through) into smooth tapered holes made to receive
them between the nail holes of the shoe at those parts most liable to wear, by
which simple means I have been enabled to increase twofold the durability of a set
of shoes. Any burr or roughness in the holes after use without the "cogs" can be
removed by the small pocket tapered rymer shown at Figure 8.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein before in part
recited Letters Patent is,-
The peculiar construction of "roughs
"
"
or cogs" and mode of securing the
same in the shoes of animals, as hereinbefore described and illustrated by my
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Bland, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Fifteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one.
HENRY BLAND. (L.S.)