CERTAIN IMPROVE. MENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, WINDING REPLING AND WEARING AND I Can
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Kirby, of Lower Moor, Oldham, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE.
MENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, WINDING
REPLING AND WEARING AND I Can Tho M
Sealed the 15th June 1860, and dated the 29th December 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Kirby at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
December 1859.
I, EDWARD KIRBY, of Lower Moor, Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR SPINNING, DOUBLING, WINDING.
REELING, AND WEAVING, AND IN COP TUBES USED IN SUCH MACHINES," to be as
follows:-
The nature of my Invention consists in applying to the spindles of spinning
and doubling machines, and to the skewers of machines for winding and
reeling, and to the skewers of shuttles used in weaving, a conical piece of
wood,metal,paper, or other suitable material of the form of the nose of the cop
to be made; this conical piece when used in spinning or doubling may either be
fixed to the spindle or loose thereon, so that when the cop is doffed it will
leave the spindle with the cop when the conical piece is fixed to the spindle.
Price &

page_text: I make use of a cop tube made of paper or other material of the shape of the
conical piece, which cop tube is removed with the cop when doffed. By thus
applyinga conical piece to the spindles of machines for spinning and doubling,
the shaping plate of the copping motion may be of a plain diagonal form,
corresponding to the taper of the nose of the cop, thereby dispensing with the
machinery now required for building the bottom of the cop. I also propose
in some cases to attach to the conical piece a tube of the length or part of the
length of the cop. In order to overcome the difficulty now experienced in
removing the coils of yarn which are wound on the spindles below the ordinary
cop tubes, I apply to the lower part of the conical pieces above referred to
wire hooks, or other substitutes, around which the yarn is coiled when the cops
completed; these wire hooks or other substitutes enable the attendant to
cut the yarn, and then remove it with facility.
My Invention also consists in applying hooks or other substitutes to the
rings or braids now used in connection with the ordinary cop tubes. The
skewers of machines for winding, reeling, and weaving are also furnished with
conical pieces of wood or other material corresponding in shape to those used
in the spinning and doubling machines; and in order to prevent the cops slip-
ping off, I apply springs to the conical pieces; these springs may also be
applied to the spinning and doubling machines.
Another part of my Invention consists in driving the spindles of spinning
and doubling machines by means of double grooved wharves.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Kirby in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 28th June 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD.
KIRBY, of Lower Moor, Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent,bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me
the said Edward Kirby, Her special licence that I, the said Edward Kirby,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward
Kirby, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during

page_text: the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN OB APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR SPINNING. DOUBLING, WINDING, REELING, AND
WEAVING, AND IN COP TUBES USED IN SUCH MACHINES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that 1, the said Edward Kirby, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands'
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed iu the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Kirby, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement (that is to say) :-
The nature of my Invention consists in applying to the spindles of spinning
and doubling machines, and to the skewers of machines for winding and
reeling, and to the skewers of shuttles used in weaving, a conical piece of
wood, metal, paper, or other suitable material, of the form of the nose of the
cop to be inade. This conical piece, when applied to the spindles of spinning
or doubling machines, may either be fixed to the spindle, or loose thereon,
so that when the cop is doffed it will leave the spindle with the cop. When
the conical piece is fixed to the spindle, I make use of a cop tube, made of
paper or other material, of the shape of the conical piece, which cop tube
is removed with the cop when doffed. By thus applying a conical piece to
the spindles of machines for spinning and doubling, the shaping plate of
the copping motion may be of a plain diagonal form, corresponding to the
taper of the nose of the cop, thereby dispensing with the machinery now
required for building the bottom of the cop. I also propose, in some
cases, to connect the conical piece with a tube of the length or part of the
length of the cop. In order to overcome the difficulty now experienced in
removing the coils of yarn which are wound on the spindles below the
ordinary cop tubes, I apply to the lower part of the conical pieces above
referred to wire hooks or other substitutes, around which the yarn is coiled
when the cops are completed. These wire hooks or other substitutes
enable the attendant to cut the yarn, and then remove it with facility.
My Invention also consists in applying hooks or other substitutes to the
rings or braids now used in connection with the ordinary cop tubes. The
skewers of machines for winding; reeling, and weaving are also furnished with

page_text: conical pieces of wood or other material corresponding in shape to those
used in the spinning and doubling machines.
Another part of my Invention consists in driving the spindles of spinning
and doubling machines by means of double grooved wharves, or of two
wharves placed near each other on the same spindle.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings, reference being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of part of a mule spindle to which my improvements
are applied; but I wish to remark here, that my improvements are also
applicable to the machines for spinning and doubling, called throstles. a is a
conical piece of wood, metal, paper, or other suitable material, of the shape of
the nose of the cop. The yarn is wound upon the conical piece in successive
layers, as in spinning and doubling machines of the usual construction, when
the bottom of the cop has been built by the ordinary copping motion. It will,
however, be apparent to any practical spinner, that when my improved conical
pieces a are employed, the machinery now required for building the bottoms
of the cops may be dispensed with. This machinery in mules, to which the
radial arm is applied, consists of all the parts required for varying the position
of the nut, to which one end of the winding-on chain is attached. When the
conical pieces a are employed, the shaper plate of the copping motion may be
of a plain diagonal form, as shewn in Fig. 2, instead of the irregular form,
as shewn in Fig. 3, which represents a shaper plate as now required for
building the bottom of the cop on to the bare spindle, or on to the cop tubes
now known and in use. When the conical pieces a are doffed with the cops,
I prefer to make circular grooves on their surface, into which the yarn enters
when being wound on. These grooves prevent the conical pieces slipping out
of the cop when it has been removed from the spindle. When the pieces a
are made of paper or cardboard, the edge of the paper or cardboard forms
a spiral ridge, which answers the same purpose as the circular grooves above
referred to. It may sometimes be preferable to fix the conical pieces a, to the
spindles; when such is the case, I make use of a cop tube, made of
paper or
other material, of the shape of the conical piece a, as shewn in Fig. 4, which
cop tube is removed with the cop, and prevents the inner coils of yarn from
becoming entangled when the cops are doffed.
Fig. 5 represents one of the conical pieces a, with a tube b attached to it
of the length of the cop; this tube may be shortened to any portion of the
length of the cop. When the cops with the conical pieces a inside them are
taken from the spinning machine to the winding or reeling machines, it is

page_text: evident that the spindles or skewers of the winding or reeling machines must
be plain, as now customary, but when the pieces a are fixed to the spindles
and the cops are doffed with the paper or other tubes, shewn at Fig. 4, and
then placed on the spindles or skewers of winding or reeling machines, these
spindles or skewers must be furnished with conical pieces similar to a in
Fig. 1; the same remark is also applicable to the shuttles of looms for
weaving.
The hooks c attached to the bottom of the conical pieces a, in Fig. 1, or to
the rings or braids d now used in combination with the ordinary cop tubes, as
shewn in Fig. 6, are for the purpose of overcoming the difficulty now
experienced in removing the coils of yarn which are usually wound on the
bare spindles below the cop tubes. After a set of cops has been built upon
the spindles, but previous to doffing them, the yarn is guided from the top of
the spindle to the wire hooks c, around which it is coiled a few times; the
cops are then doffed, and in removing them each end of yarn is broken; the
attendants then place a fresh set of tubes on the conical pieces a, see Fig. 1,
or a fresh set of ordinary cop tubes on the braids or rings d, as shewn in
Fig. 6; the yarn is then guided from the hooks c, around which it has been
coiled, as above described, and the operation of building a fresh set of cops
proceeds as usual. I wish to remark that the shape of the hooks c may be
varied, and that other substitutes can be used instead, the object being to keep
the yarn from the bare spindle, from whence it is difficult to remove, whereas
when a sufficient quantity has accumulated around the hooks c, or other
substitutes, the attendant cuts the yarn through, and it falls off, thereby
economising time.
Fig. 7 represents my improved mode of banding the spindles of spinning
aud doubling machines, by means of double grooved wharves, or of two
separate wharves placed near each other. e is the spindle; f, the double
grooved wharve; and y,the ordinary horizontal cylinder by which thespindles
are driven. The band h passes twice round a portion of the circumference of
the cylinder g, and enters into both of the grooves in the double grooved
wharvef; by this means a greater surface is obtained for the band when
acted on by the cylinder and in acting ou the wharve, consequently a more
regular speed is given to the spindle. The length of the band is also greatly
increased. It will be apparent that the same object may be attained by fixing
two of the ordinary single grooved wharves a little distance apart on the same
spindle.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner
of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I am aware cop tubes

page_text: have before been made slightly conical, as shewn in Fig. 6, but the cone was
not sufficient to allow the machinery for building the bottom of the cop to be
dispensed with; I therefore do not claim the conical form of the cop tube,
except when it is made of the form of the nose of the cop, as shewn at a, in
Fig. 1, or of the form required for dispensing with the mechanism now applied
to spinning and doubling machines for building the bottom of the cop, as
herein-before described.
Secondly, I claim the application of the conical pieces a to the spindles or
skewers of machines for winding, reeling, and weaving, as described.
Thirdly, I claim the improved cop tubes shewn in Fig. 4.
Fourthly, I claim the application of the hooks c or other equivalent sub-
stitutes for facilitating the removal of the yarn hitherto coiled on the spindle,
as described in reference to Figs. 5 and 6.
And, lastly, I claim the application of double grooved wharves, or of two
wharves placed near to each other, to the spindles of machines for spinning
and doubling when used in combination with a horizontal cylinder, as shewn
and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Kirby, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.