Improvements in Couplings for Pipes or Tubes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 26th Sept., 1894-Accepted, 17th Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Couplings for Pipes or Tubes.
We, EMANUEL MÜLLER Engineer and ROBERT MINNICH, Constructor of
Machinery, both of Baden, near Vienna, in the Empire of Austria, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to couplings for pipes or tubes.
For effecting the union of two pipes or tubes in accordance with our said
invention we use a two-part clamping ring. The flange of the pipe or tube is
tapered to the outside and the clamping ring made U-shaped in transverse section
so as to correspond to this taper.
By screwing the two halves of the aforesaid ring together by means of bolts and
nuts the two flanges of the pipe or tube are forced one against the other. The
packing material may form a ring and being placed upon the flange is forced by
the pressure from inside against the inner periphery of the clamping ring. The
customary means for making the joint between the flanges may either be provided
or dispensed with.
In cases where great precaution is needful, the space left between the inner.
periphery of the clamping ring and the outer periphery of the flanges on either side
of the packing ring may be filled up with pitch or lead introduced through a hole
formed in the upper part of the said clamping ring.
Instead of the before-mentioned two-part clamping ring we may provide a
number of segments which are drawn together by means of a flexible band and a
bolt and nut. In this arrangement we form a tight joint as usual between the
flanges.
A hose coupling may be arranged on the same principle, but for the purpose of
facilitating the manipulation the clamping ring is either adapted to be opened and
closed by means of a hinge and an eye bolt and thumb nut, or the halves of the
clamping ring are cast each on one half of the hose collar, in which case the union
may be obtained by a device having a spring or hook.
Dated this 28th day of December 1893.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Couplings for Pipes or Tubes.
We EMANUEL MÜLLER of Schnaitheimerstrasse, Heidenheim on the Brenz,
Wurtemberg, in the Empire of Germany, but formerly of Baden near Vienna in
the Empire of Austria, Engineer, and ROBERT MINNICH of Ensdorf, near Baden,
Austria, Machine Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The joint of this improved pipe or tube coupling is rendered tight by means of
two flanges, being either themselves made of elastic material, or provided with
special elastic washer rings which are simply pressed together. Differing from
most couplings hitherto employed, it is not here a question of a coupling produced
by turning or screwing the two flanges one against the other, but of a tight joint in
[ Price 1

page_text: which the two flanges are pressed one against the other, the semicircular conical
part of each flange engaging like a wedge in a similar semicircular and suitably
tapering recess of the other, and thus producing a tight joint. Differing from the
methods of making a tight joint hitherto employed, the joint of this improved
coupling is not rendered tight between the tube or pipe flange surfaces, but on the
outside or periphery of the same, and the joint is not formed by means of screws
passing through the flanges, but in one form of construction by means of two hollow
half caps, connected by means of holts or hinges, which half caps engage over small
flange projections of the tubes, which flange projections are somewhat tapered on
their rear side. Between the inside of these half caps and the outside of the flange,
the washer ring formed of any suitable material is placed.
On the accompanying drawing, Sheet 1 shows three forms of construction of the
tube or pipe coupling.
°
In Figures 1 to 3 the coupling of the tube ends A and B takes place by means
of the flanges C themselves, which are made of elastic material, whilst in the
coupling shown in Figures 4 and 5 two special washers d of indiarubber or the like
are employed.
Figures 6 and 7 show a longitudinal and cross section respectively of another
form of coupling.
On Sheet 2 of the drawings a hose or other pipe coupling is shown in Figures 8
and 9 in which no metal is employed, but each half of the coupling forms one piece
with the hose, and is made of indiarubber or other suitable elastic material.
As already stated at the commencement of this Specification the two coupling
flanges C, Figures 1 to 5, which are passed over the ends of the tubes A and B
which are provided with small flanges a and have each a (semiconical) projection c
as well as a semiconical gutter or recess c', so arranged that when radially pressed
together, each of the conical projections e of the one flange rests in the conical
gutter or recess c¹ of the other. Both flanges C are thereby pressed against one
another with a wedge action. In the form of coupling shown in Figures 1 to 3 the
elastic coupling flanges are directly pressed against one another on the outside of
the flanges a and b of the tube, whilst in the coupling shown in Figures 4 and 5
where flanges C may be made of metal, the two elastic washer rings in this case
press one upon the other. In both cases a tight joint is produced.
The discs D or D' behind the coupling flanges Chave for their object to hold
together the flanges C or to prevent their separation, for instance through a shock,
or the like, after the compling has taken place, this is done by wrapping them with
a cord, a belt with buckles, or holding them together in other suitable manner.
These discs also prevent any damage to the couplings C when one tube or hose falls
down or when the same is lying on the ground.
A further form of hose or pipe coupling which is shown on Sheet 2 is based on
the same construction as that shown in Figures 1 to 5. The coupling flanges Z
form one piece with the tubes Z. The conical projections press, when the
coupling halves Z are placed together, into the conical grooves.
The arrangement in the interior of the coupling shown in Figure 8 is a peculiar
one.
Here internal grooves are arranged in such a way that conical annular
projections w are formed on the edge, which when pressure takes place in the
interior of the hose are automatically pressed on one another like lips in such a
way that this alone produces or facilitates the tightness of the joints.
The pipe or tube coupling shown in Figures 6 and 7 may be employed for all
kinds of tubes or pipes. The flanges y and of the tubes or pipes G and H are
bevelled off and the half loop or cap which effects the coupling of the tubes, has
also internal flange-like bevelled projections which engage over the flanges of the
tubes. The washer ring m is placed on the outside edges or periphery of the tube
or pipe flanges, and when the half loops or caps J are screwed down upon the tube
flanges by means of the bolts kit is pressed upon the tube flanges. Instead of
employing two bolts & the two caps J may be hinged at one side and thus connected
with one another. The advantage of this form of pipe or tube coupling is the

page_text: dispensing with the necessity of boring the flanges, and of having screw holes
through the same, and smaller flanges are also required. This mode of pipe or
tube coupling is also more particularly of advantage for underground lines of pipes,
as, without affecting the tightness of the coupling, both tubes may converge towards
one another (see Figure 6). It is no longer necessary to dig such large trenches
for laying the tubes therein, as the caps J are conveniently placed round the joints
and may be tightened against one another. Tests made with these hose and tube
or pipe couplings have shown that at a pressure of 20 atmospheres even when the two
coupling balves are but slightly pressed together, or when the caps were tightened
up, not the smallest leakage is observable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvements in couplings for pipes or tubes, consisting in providing the
two coupling flanges C on each half with a bevelled projection and on the other
half a bevelled groove e, in such a way, that when radially placed together both
flanges are pressed with their bevelled projections e' into the bevelled grooves c so
that both flanges are pressed against one another with a wedge action and the
tightness of the joint is effected either by elastic rings lying between the coupling
flanges or by the flanges themselves, in which latter case the couplings are made
entirely, or only on the bearing surfaces, of elastic material, or they may form one
piece with the elastic hose or pipe, substantially as described and shown on the
accompanying drawings.
2. In the improved hose or pipe coupling described in Claim 1 in so far as this
is made entirely or partially of elastic material, forming the inner ends of the tubes
Figures 8 and 9 by means of recesses into annular bevelled projections which are
pressed by the pressure existing in the interior of the tube automatically against
one another in the form of lips, and produce thereby the tightness of the joint,
substantially as described and shown on the accompanying drawings.
3. The pipe or tube coupling shown in Figures 6 and 7, the Hanges of which
pipe or tube are covered and held together at the edges and at the sides by one or
more caps J connected together by means of a hinge, or bolted to one another,
whilst the tightness of the joint is secured by means of a washer ring m seated on
the surface of the flanges, substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 25th day of September 1894
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicants.