Improvements in the Manufacture of Ornamental Work in Paper, Sheet Metal, Leather, and other Sheet Materials for Covering Walls and other Surfaces.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Jan., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 30th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 21st Dec., 1888
Improvements in the Manufacture of Ornamental Work in Paper,
Sheet Metal, Leather, and other Sheet Materials for Covering
Walls and other Surfaces.
I, CLEMENT JOHN HEATON of 13 Berner's Mews Oxford Street in the County
of Middlesex Artist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my present invention is to utilize a mould or pattern for the produc-
tion of ornamental work in paper sheet metal, leather celluloid and other sheet
materials. I make the pattern or mould as follows. I first copy the required design
in cloison wire of brass steel or other suitable metal. These wires are fixed to, or in
a backing, preferably to a metal backing by soldering. I may also use the so called
copper" employed in wall paper block printing the copper consisting of a wood
block having wire driven into it and part standing up above it.
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The paper to be ornamented and which must be of a tolerably strong tough or
stout nature is put onto the pattern damp and a piece of felt about a quarter of an
inch thick placed on it. In a screw press or by any other means I then impart
pressure to the surface whereby the felt will force the paper down in more or less
curved even depressions between the raised cloison wire but without tearing the paper.
The felt having been removed the paper will be found to have received the cloisonné
design embossed in clear sharp outlines the intervening parts being curve recessed.
In a similar manner I ornament thin sheets of copper, charcoal iron and other
suitable flexible metals or alloys. So also leather, celluloid in sheets, and many other
sheet materials. I may color or enamel the articles produced in any desired manner.
The above is what I call block embossing.
But I may also make a plate or mould of a cylindrical form to be applied as a roller
in the following manner. From the paper, metal or other sheet which has been
embossed in the manner described and of a length equal to the circumference of the
roller to be made I take a cast in a mixture of whiting glue and resin or any other
suitable mixture which when set is hard enough for taking a metal casting thorefrom

page_text: When it has been so bent either
wholly or in sections I take a cast therefrom in metal or alloy and this forms the outside
of my roller. The paper or other sheet material to be embossed in lengths is passed
between this roller and another roller having a rubber or other yielding surface and
receives thereby the desired impression. Or in place of a roller covered with soft
substance I use a board with a sheet of felt or other suitable yielding material, the
paper to be embossed being on the top of it and the plain roller under the board. By
this means I am enabled to produce repeat pattern on long lengths of sheet
material.
and yet pliable enough to be bent round the roller.
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page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Ornamental Work in Paper,
Sheet Metal, Leather, and other Sheet Materials for Covering
Walls and other Surfaces.
I, CLEMENT JOHN HEATON of 46 Berners Street, Oxford Street in the County
of Middlesex Artist do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
According to this invention I utilize a pattern executed in cloisons as a stamp or
mould for the production of ornamental work in paper, sheet metal, leather, celluloid
and other sheet materials.
I make the pattern or mould as follows. I first copy the required design in cloison
wire of brass steel or other suitable metal preferably steel. These wires are fixed to
or in a backing, preferably to a backing of stout tough metal by soldering as described
in my specification for cloisonné mosaic No. 11629 of 1886. I may also use the so-
called copper employed in wall paper block printing the copper consisting of a
wood block having wire driven into it and part standing up above it. In the case of
curved surfaces the backing may be of the curve required and be backed up by wood
cut to fit the curve.
33
Figure 1 shows in section a cloison wire pattern the wire A being soldered into a
backing B. C is the sheet material to be ornamented and which must be of a tolerably
strong tough or stout nature. This sheet material is put onto the pattern damp. A
piece of felt or similar soft material D about inch thick is then placed on the sheet
material. In a screw press (or by any other means) I then impart pressure to the
surface whereby the press follower E acting on the felt D will force the sheet material
down in more or less evenly curved depressions between the raised cloison wire the
pressure being regulated so as not to tear or split the sheet material.
The figure
illustrates the pressing process during its progress. The felt D having been removed
the paper C will be found to have received a design embossed in clean charp outlines
from the cloison pattern the intervening parts being curve recessed. In this manner
I ornament sheets of copper charcoal iron and other suitable flexible metals or alloys
also leather paper celluloid in sheets and many other sheet materials. I may colour
or enamel the articles produced in any desired manner. The products will be repoussé
metal stamped leather or embossed paper according to the material employed. For
work in metal it is essential that the cloisons should be of steel but otherwise brass
does very well.
But I may also make a plate or mould of a cylindrical form to be applied as a roller
in the following manner. From the paper inetal or other sheet which has been
embossed in the manner described and of a length equal to the circumference of the
roller to be made I take a cast in a mixture of whiting glue and resin or any other
suitable mixture which when set is hard enough to take a metal casting therefrom
and yet pliable enough to be bent round the roller. This cast should be in the form

page_text: of a sheet say ths inch thick. When it has been so bent either wholly or in sections.
I take a cast therefrom in metal or alloy and this forms the outside of my pattern
roller. In this way many rollers may be made from one cloison pattern but if this is
not necessary the cloisons may be soldered directly on to a metal roller or on to a
shell of metal made to stick on to the roller. Figure 2 illustrates this mode of manu-
facture. The paper C or other sheet material to be embossed in lengths is passed
between the pattern roller A and another roller D having a rubber or other yielding
surface and receives thereby the desired impression or the bottom roller may be a plain
hard surface and a long length of felt introduced between roller and paper—or again
I use as illustrated by Figure 3 a board G on which I lay a flat pattern A executed
in cloisons. On this I lay the leather or other material C to he embossed and over
this the felt D and the whole is then passed between the rollers F and H to impart
pressure. The system of imparting direct pressure in a press is the best means for
embossing small surfaces. The system of the rollers with the cloison pattern in one
roller is the most useful for long lengths of paper and the system of the plain roller
and the flat pattern for leather and long lengths of metal &c.
Having now particularly ascertained the nature of the said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The manufacture of embossed sheets of paper, leather, celluloid, copper, brass
and other flexible sheet materials by the employment of pressure on a pattern or
stamp executed in cloisons or a cast therefrom felt or other yielding material being
interposed between the sheet to be embossed and the press follower substantially as
set forth.
Second. The manufacture of embossed sheets by the employment of pressure on a
pattern in cloisons applied to the surface of a roller or on a curved casting applied to
the surface of the roller such casting being in metal and made from a cast previously
taken in composition from a sheet of material embossed from a flat pattern in cloisons
substantially as set forth.
1000