Year: 1888

page_text: We, CHARLES FREDERICK LEAKE, CHARLES EDWARD LUCAS and HENRY WILLIAM
GODFREY all of Staines in the County of Middlesex, Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
1
The object of this invention is to apply a thin coating of fine granulated linoleuni
material in patterns over the surface of fabric coated with a granite mixture of
linoleum material as described in the Specification of a Patent dated the 4th of June 1879
No. 2217 or over fabric otherwise coated with linoleum material.-
For this purpose we cause the coated fabric to be led through a machine similar
to the one described in the Specification of a Patent dated the 8th day of June 1880
No. 2307 in which stencil plates with undercut edges around the perforations
formed through the plates are used instead of perforated plates with knife edges
projecting downwards around the edges of the perforations as described in the
Specification of the above Patent and we cause fine granulated material to be
scraped by a scraper over each stencil plate whilst it is resting upon the coated
surface of the cloth so as to fill the perforations in the plate with the material. The
coated fabric with the pattern upon it we then cause to pass under a suitable press
or between rollers to compress it into a solid sheet and fix the pattern firmly upon
it. If necessary the consolidated fabric may be afterwards passed through a second
pair of rollers or be acted upon by a second hydraulic or screw or other convenient
press heated to a high temperature. In this way patterns such as ferns, small
irregular tiles or coarse granite patterns or other patterns not requiring sharp
definition may be formed on the surface of the coated fabrics.
In place of using flat stencil plates as above described hollow cylinders perforated
with any desired patterns may be used the number of cylinders employed being
determined by the number of colors to be applied. The cylinders would be driven
at the same surface speed as the fabric passing below them and through the perforated
pattern of each cylinder fine granulated material would be scraped by a scraper or
scrapers working within the cylinder. The material might be fed to the scrapers
from a trough by suitable feeding mechanism or by a trough passed at intervals into

page_text: the cylinder and inverted or emptied by suitable valves or slides. The perforations
of the cylinders should be undercut for the purpose of allowing the material forming
the pattern to be more readily left upon the coated fabric. The perforated cylinders
may be supported by plain cylinders revolving at the same surface speed and the
coated fabric be passed between them. Or the perforated cylinders may be supported
so as to rest more or less upon the coated fabric or be slightly above it.
perforated cylinders may be of brass, copper or other suitable material or of copper
deposited upon suitable models whereby the pattern might be formed at the same
time.
The
The scrapers may be formed of one or more blades set at any convenient angle
suitable both for rubbing the granulated material into the perforations in the stencil
patterns and for scraping off the surplus material. A revolving or reciprocating
brush might also be used or a flexible blade like a squeegee.
Instead of the cylindrical stencils endless stencil bands might be used.

page_text: We, CHARLES FREDERICK LEAKE, CHARLES EDWARD LUCAS and HENRY WILLIAM
GODFREY all of Staines in the County of Middlesex Engineers do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to apply a thin coating of fine granulated linoleum
material in patterns over the surface of fabric coated with a granite mixture of
linoleum material as described in the Specification of a Patent dated the 4th of June 1879
No. 2217 or over fabric otherwise coated with linoleum material.
For this purpose we cause the coated fabric to be led through a machine similar to
the one described in the Specification of a Patent dated the 8th day of June 1880
No. 2307 in which stencil plates with undercut edges around the perforations formed
through the plates are used instead of perforated plates with knife edges projecting
downwards around the edges of the perforations as described in the Specification of
the above Patent and we cause fine granulated material to be scraped by a scraper
over. each stencil plate whilst it is resting upon the coated surface of the cloth so as to
fill the perforations in the plate with the material. The coated fabric with the pattern
upon it we then cause to pass under a suitable press or between rollers to compress it
into a solid sheet and fix the pattern firmly upon it. If necessary the consolidated
fabric may be afterwards passed through a second pair of rollers or be acted upon by
a second hydraulic or screw or other convenient press heated to a high temperature.
In this way patterns such as ferns, small irregular tiles or coarse granite patterns or
other patterns not requiring sharp definition may be formed on the surface of the
coated fabrics.
In place of using flat stencil, plates as above described hollow cylinders perforated.
with any desired patterns may be used-the number of cylinders employed being
determined by the number of colors to be applied. The cylinders would be driven at
the same surface speed as the fabric passing below them and through the perforated
pattern of each cylinder fine granulated material would be scraped by a scraper or
scrapers working within the cylinder. The perforations of the cylinders should be
undercut for the purpose of allowing the material forming the pattern to be more
readily left upon the coated fabric.
Instead of the cylindrical stencils endless stencil bands might be used.
In order that our said invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect we will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.

page_text: In Figure 1a and are two axes carrying each a pair of wheels and these wheels
are driven at a speed suitable for the conveyance of the material through the machine.
c is one of a pair of endless steel bands or it might be chains passing around these
wheels. The distance between the bands is equal to the full width of the fabric to be
ornamented.
This fabric is drawn from a roller d and its edges are placed upon pin points with
which the bands or chains c are furnished. These bands or chains are provided with
blocks c¹ which enter recesses in the faces of the wheels to prevent slipping. There
are other blocks c² upon the bands and in cach there is a cylindrical hole to receive a
peg as hereinafter mentioned.
e
The fabric passes beneath the hopper which delivers upon it linoleum fragments
of a nature to form the ground of the floor-cloth.
The thickness of the layer of fragments is regulated by an adjustable straight edge
at the mouth of the hopper and this straight edge receives a rapid endway vibratory
motion from a crank and connecting rod. is a tray which is placed by boys or
otherwise on to the covered fabric as soon as it leaves the hopper.
The tray has pegs upon it on the under side which control the position which the
tray occupies. The bottom of the tray which is preferably of metal forms a stencil
plate-and it is slit or cut away in accordance with the pattern which it is desired to
produce upon the fabric. Coloured linoleum fragments are placed in the tray and by
means of a scraper they are moved over the slits or openings. In this way the holes.
or openings in the stencil plate become filled with the coloured fragments and when
the tray is lifted these remain arranged according to the pattern on the surface to be
ornamented. The edges of the metal around the slits or openings in the stencil plate
should be hevilled to an angle of 45 degrees or thereabouts so that the width of the
opening in the stencil plate may be larger on the under side than on the upper face
this prevents the fragments from sticking in the slits, or openings and also causes them
to be deposited in a more suitable manner.
I is another tray from which fragments of another colour are deposited in a similar
manner. Any desired number of trays may be employed. The fabric thus receives
first the fragments of linoleum compound in an uniform layer forming the ground and
then coloured fragments laid over parts only of the surface according to the pattern.
The fabric thus covered passes on in its continuous travel between heated rollers by
which the whole is consolidated. These rollers are similar to those shown in Figure 3
and will be described more in detail in connection with this figure.
In Figures 2 and 3 the fabric is drawn forward from the roller beneath the
bar i over the table k; the friction upon the bar serves to keep the fabric dis-
tended. is an inclined board against which a heap of linoleum fragments suitable
for the ground material is laid. As the fabric travels on it takes with it a layer of
the fragments below the bottom of the board 1; the exact thickness of the layer
is regulated by adjustable straight edges and to these a rapid vibratory movement is
imparted. m and n are the cylindrical stencils; they are supported in blocks o o.
These cylinders rest upon the covered fabric and they travel forward with it being
rotated at the proper rate by worms p p on an axis p. 99 are hoppers to receive
the fragments of linoleum material of different colours to produce the pattern. are
stationary troughs within the cylinders and ss are screws driven in any convenient
manner and serving to convey the fragments from the hoppers along the troughs.
The troughs are perforated at the bottom to allow the fragments to fall through and
the perforations are so adjusted as to bring about a regular, distribution of the
fraginents from end to end of the cylinders. The fragments fall from the troughs
between scrapers t t the lower edges of which are lightly in contact with the interior
surface of the cylinder so that the holes in the stencil cylinders become filled with the
fragments. A vibratory movement is imparted to the scrapers t t to ensure a better
distribution and delivery of the fragments. u is a large steam heated roller driven
by suitable gearing not represented in the drawing. is a roller set up towards the
roller u so as to apply a pressure, capable of regulation, to the unfinished floor cloth
passing between the rollers. w is a driven roller also steam heated and adjustable in

page_text: position to and from the roller u, it is smaller in diameter than the roller u by about
3 per cent. but it makes the same number of rotations-the difference of surface speeds
thus resulting facilitates the consolidation of the floor cloth. a is a roller which is
not driven, it is adjustable towards the roller u and is steam heated. y is a roller
adjustable towards the roller w-it is driven about 3 per cent. faster than this roller
and can be either heated by steam or cooled by water passed through it as found
desirable. The floor cloth leaves this roller in a finished state.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The method substantially as described of producing patterns on linoleum and
like floor cloth by applying at intervals to the surface whilst the fabric travels
continuously through the machine, suitably coloured fragments by the aid of stencil
plates travelling forwards with the floor cloth and then after the stencil plates have
been removed consolidating the fragments with the face of the fabric by pressure
between heated surfaces.
2. The method of producing patterns on linoleum and like floor cloth by the aid of
stencil cylinders substantially as described.
3. The manufacture of floor cloth substantially as herein described.
Dattu wis tu day of December 1000.
CHARLES FREDK. LEAKE.
C. E. LUCAS.
H. W. GODFREY.