Improvements in Vices.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 2nd July, 1894-Accepted, 4th Aug., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vices.
We, WILLIAM ALLDAY and EDMUND ALLDAY, of Great Western Works,
Small Heath, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to the manner in which we construct and arrange
rices for use on work benches and for like purposes, the object of our invention
being to construct a quick and readily adjustable jaw action which while having a
rapid opening and closing motion has also a very minute and powerful screw
gripping action for securely retaining any object within its jaws.
In carrying our invention into effect when constructing a parallel motion vice for
ordinary use on an engineer's bench, we make one portion of the vice to attach
to the bench or table by means of any ordinary bolts or screws passing through
projecting lugs or bosses provided on the body of the vice, the shape of the jaw or
head being made to suit any ordinary requirement. The body or portion of the
vice which we attach to the bench we make with projecting legs or with a
hollow projecting leg having an opening, slot or space into which one part of our
moving jaw may fit, the outer end of the same projecting leg we make with a
péculiar central chamber or recess to receive and to permit the screw or spindle
connected to the moving or sliding jaw to work therein. We also carry within
this recess or chamber a spring or springs for acting upon the screw spindle
or rod.
The moving jaw we make to slide within or upon the fixed jaw and we cause one
portion of the sliding jaw to project within the recess provided for this purpose in
the fixed jaw; and when very strong vices are to be produced we may further
stiffen or prevent the moving jaw from springing out of the recess within the
fixed jaw, by means of a washer plate or plates attached to the moving jaw by
screws or bolts or other ordinary fastenings.
We move the outer or free jaw backwards and forwards upon the fixed jaw by
means of a peculiarly formed screw or bolt which we attach to the sliding jaw
block that fits within the slot or recess of the fixed jaw. This screw we cause
to have a swivelling motion upon the block, the connection being made in one
convenient manner by means of a globular or stud shaped end of the screw
working within a like bed or cap formed within the block in such a manner
that the screwed rod may move freely up and down within the chamber of the
moving jaw and also be free to revolve therein. We form a thread or screw
upon the rod at the outer end, and we provide a corresponding nut like bed or
rack within the chamber of the projecting leg of the fixed jaw for this screw to
engage or work within. The end of the screw we provide with a head and
through this head we preferably pass an ordinary shaped tightening bar or lever
for permitting of manipulation in the usual well known manner; or we leave the
end of the screw with a roughened or milled knob like head when small or light
vices only are being constructed.
The chamber within the projecting leg of our fixed jaw we make large enough
to permit the screw to be lifted in and out of the nut bed, and also large enough
to receive the spring or springs which we employ for pressing the screw into its
bed or nut rack. Thus when it is desired to draw the outer jaw rapidly away from
the fixed inner one the screw is lifted or pressed out of the nut bed against the
action of the spring and the jaw then pulled back without turning the screw,
and when a sufficient opening has been thus obtained for the reception of the
desired article between the jaws, the tightening up may be obtained by turning the

page_text: screw in its bed and thus forcing the sliding jaw along, the spring or springs acting
always to keep the thread truly in its nut or bed.
We make the teeth upon the screw preferably ratchet shape so as to permit of the
thrust being received against square faces of the thread, and also to allow the screw
to be pushed inwards without turning the handle or end.
a
We sometimes provide a filling up piece, plug or slide to close up the end of the
chamber for more effectually preventing the screw from working out of its nut bed
when very heavy forms of vices are made for rough work when much vibration or
shock is likely to be received upon the jaws.
"
We modify the forms of our vices to suit any particular requirement making the
loose jaws to move in and out by means of a lever or side handle or lugs in addition
to the screw motion as herein before described, and we sometimes provide a spring
or springs between the jaws so as to assist the outward sliding motion of the free
or loose jaw.
We make our jaws of any desired shape and configuration, and we form them
from wrought or cast metal as may be desired to suit the character of the work for
which they are required, sometimes making the projecting leg or member of the
fixed jaw in two segmental pieces which we unite together by riveting or, in
other well known manner.
Dated this 004h
L
1009
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicants.
We, WILLIAM ALLDAY and Edmund Allday, of Great Western Works,
Small Heath, in the County of Warwick Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to the manner in which we construct and arrange
vices for use on work-benches and for like purposes, the object of our invention
being to construct a quick and readily adjustable jaw action, which while having a
rapid opening and closing motion has also a very minute and powerful screw
gripping action for securely retaining any object within its jaws.
In order that our invention and the method of carrying the same into effect
may be the more readily understood we append hereunto one sheet of explanatory
drawings to be hereinafter referred to.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of our improved vice, and Figure 2 a
front elevation.
Figure 3 is a sectional view representing the arrangement of the swivelling screw,
and the general construction of the vice.
Figures 4 and 5 illustrate modified arrangements of springs such as we employ
for the purpose of retaining the screw in its true position upon its nut or bed.
The reference letters in the different views indicate the same parts.
In carrying our invention into effect when constructing a parallel motion vice
for ordinary use on an engineer's bench, we make one portion of the vice to attach
to the bench or table by means of any ordinary bolts or screws passing through
projecting lugs or bosses such as A, Figures 1 and 2 provided on the body or base
of the vice, the shape of the jaw or head A' being made to suit any ordinary
requirement. We form a rib or guiding piece such as B, Figures 1 and 3, to fit
within a space or recess formed at the lower end of the moving jaw A'. The
moving or free jaw A' we make to slide upon the base of the fixed jaw A¹ and we
sometimes cause one portion of the lower end of the sliding jaw to project within
a guiding recess instead of upon the guiding rib B provided for this purpose as

page_text: herein before described; and when very strong vices are to be produced we may
further stiffen or prevent the moving jaw from springing out of its position upon the
base of the fixed jaw by means of a washer plate or plates attached to the moving
jaw by screws or bolts or other ordinary fastenings.
We move the free jaw A' backwards and forwards upon the fixed jaw by means
of a peculiarly formed screw or bolt such as C which we attach to the sliding jaw
block. This screw we cause to have a swivelling motion upon the block, the
connection being made in one convenient manner by means of a globular or
stud shaped end as D of the screw, working within a like bed, or cap formed
within the block in such a manner that the screwed rod may be moved freely up
and down within a limited range of vertical movement, and also be freely revolved.
The form of connection we preferably employ for this purpose is illustrated at
Figure 3. We form a thread or screw upon the rod at its outer end and we
provide a corresponding nut like bed or rack within the chamber E of the
projecting leg or base of the fixed jaw for this screw to engage or work within.
The end of the screw we provide with a head and through this head we preferably
pass an ordinary shaped tightening bar or lever for permitting of manipulation in
the usual well known manner; or we leave the end of the screw with a roughened
or milled knob like head when small or light vices only are being constructed.
The chamber within the projecting leg of our fixed jaw we make large enough to
permit the screw to be lifted in and out of the nut bed, and also large enough to
receive the spring or springs which we sometimes employ for pressing the screw
into its bed or nut rack. Thus when it is desired to push the outer jaw A'
rapidly away from the fixed inner one A', the screw is lifted or pressed out of the
nut bed, against the action of the spring when such is employed, and the jaw then
pushed back without turning the screw, and when a sufficient opening has been thus
obtained for the reception of the desired article between the jaws, the tightening
up may be obtained by turning the screw in its bed and thus forcing the sliding
jaw along. We make the teeth upon the screw preferably of a ratchet or buttress
shape so as to permit of the thrust being received against square faces of the
thread and also to allow the screw to be more readily drawn out without turning
the handle or end.
We sometimes provide a filling up piece, plug or slide to close up the end of
the chamber for more effectually preventing the screw from working out of its
nut bed when very heavy forms of vices are made for rough work when much
vibration or shock is likely to be received upon the jaws.
As an additional guide and stay for the sliding jaw of our improved vice we
provide a circular or other guide bar as shown in Figures 1 and 3.
When employing springs for the purpose of retaining the screw in position
within its out or screw bed, we preferably arrange them with block or bearing
pieces such as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, although we sometimes permit the
spring or springs to bear directly against the surface of the screw.
We modify the forms of our vices to suit any particular requirement, and we
sometimes provide a spring or springs between the jaws so as to assist the outward
sliding motion of the free or loose jaw. To protect the screw thread from injury
and prevent the accumulation of dust and dirt thereon, we sometimes provide a
shield or cover to fit over or enclose the screw.
We make our jaws of any desired shape and configuration, and we form them
from wrought or cast metal as may be desired to suit the character of the work
for which they are required, sometimes making the fixed jaw and block separate
from the base, afterwards uniting them together by riveting or in any other well
known manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. An improved vice having a screw with a swivelling or like connection enabling

page_text: it to be readily withdrawn from, or fixed in position within the threads of its nut
or bed, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described, and as
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. The construction and arrangement of a vice, having a screw with a buttress
or other thread, pivoted in such a manner as to enable it to be raised or lowered
and freely revolved within a semi-circular or segmental nut, carried in an enlarged
chamber, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and as
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. The combination of a buttress or other threaded screw having a swivelling or
like connection with one jaw of a vice, with a semi-circular or segmental nut or
screw bed, so arranged within the opposite jaw of the vice that the screw may be
readily withdrawn from contact with the nut or screw bed, substantially as and for
the purposes hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 30th den of Tune 1904
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.