IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MANGLING, 55 CALENDERING, OR FINISHING WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1884

page_text: We, WILLIAM ROBERTSON and JAMES GUTHRIE ORCHAR, of Wallace Foundry,
Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of our said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MANGLING,
55
CALENDERING, OR FINISHING WOVEN FABRICS " to be as follows:-
Our said Invention relates to mangling, calendering, or finishing, machines of the
class designed for applying considerable pressure to the woven fabrics which are
submitted to the action of the rollers of the machines; and it comprises improved
arrangements for applying the pressure.
The bearings of the rollers of a finishing machine of the kind to which the
improvements are applicable are fitted to work in vertical guides in the housings or
main frames of the machine, and in carrying out the present Invention the bearings
of the uppermost roller are acted upon by levers which are centered at points at
the outer sides of the housings, and which extend thence towards the middle of the
machine, the parts of the levers acting on the bearings being between the centres
or fulcra of the levers and their inner ends. The ends of the levers nearly meet at
the middle of the machine or they may be shaped to extend a little past each other
and are jointly acted on by the ram of an inverted hydraulic cylinder which is
supported in a position midway between the two housings and directly over the
inner ends of the levers. Water or other suitable liquid under pressure is supplied
to the hydraulic cylinder and by causing the ram thereof to bear down on the
inner ends of the levers makes these levers exert the required downward pressure
on the roller bearings. The upper part of the hydraulic cylinder is made to act as
an air vessel in order that there may be some elasticity or yielding power in the
action of the apparatus; and for this purpose the liquid for pressing down on the
piston or ram is led in by a pipe or passage communicating with the cylinder at
a point some distance below the top of the cylinder, so that air may be retained in
the space above that point in order to act as a spring. Some elasticity is also by
preference additionally given either by making the levers of a resilient yielding
J

page_text: character by constructing them of a suitable form and material; or by making the
support or supports of the hydraulic cylinder of a resilient yielding character; or
by introducing one or more metal springs at one or more suitable points. The
hydraulic cylinder and piston are arranged so that by means of suitable valves the
liquid pressure may when required be introduced below the piston so as to raise it
and the ram and levers, in order to relieve the pressure on the roller bearings; and
a strap or buckle is attached to the bottom of the ram to embrace the inner ends of
the levers so as to lift then when the ram rises.
Dand this tmonty fourth dow of Mov 1901

page_text: We, WILLIAM ROBERTSON, and JAMES GUTHRIE ORCHAR, of Wallace Foundry,
Dundee, in the County of Forfar, North Britain, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of our said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR MANGLING,
CALENDERING OR FINISHING WOVEN FABRICS " and in what manuer the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement that is to say :-
Our said Invention relates to mangling, calendering, or finishing machines of the
class designed for applying considerable pressure to the woven fabrics which are
submitted to the action of the rollers of the machine; and it comprises improved
arrangements for applying the pressure.
In carrying out our Invention we apply pressure to the upper roller of the
machine by means of levers acting on the bearings, and which, extending from
brackets on the outsides of the housings or end frames inwards towards the middle
of the machine are there acted on by an hydraulic cylinder.
A machino made with our improvements is represented on the accompanying
sheet of explanatory drawings, figure, 1, being a sectional front elevation, and
figure, 2, an end elevation. The same reference numerals are used to mark the
same or like parts wherever they are repeated in both figures.
The bearings, 3, 4, of the rollers, 5, 6, of the machine are, as usual, fitted to work
in vertical guides in the housings or main end frames, 7. These end frames, 7,
are formed with brackets, 8, projecting from their outer sides; and in these brackets,
are centered levers, 9, which extend inwards towards the middle of the machine,
their inner ends, 10, nearly meeting. The levers, 9, are made double and in the
space between the sides or cheeks of each, there is fitted a block formed with
trunnions by which it is jointed to the lever, or pair of levers. Each block has
screwed through it the upper end of a spindle, 11, the lower end of which is
attached to the bearing, 3, of the upper roller, 5, being entered down through the
top of the bearing into a slot in which a ring or washer is fixed on it. Each of
the spindles, 11, can be screwed up or down in its upper block for the purpose of
adjusting the bearings at the opposite ends of the roller so as to hold the roller
level.
Pressure is applied to the levers, 9, by means of an hydraulic cylinder, 12, which is
placed centrally on a pair of beams or girders, 13, supported by and connecting the
tops of the housings or end frames, 7. The plunger or ram, 14, of the hydraulic
cylinder, 12, works through the bottom end of the cylinder and when water or
other suitable liquid under pressure is admitted above the piston, the ram, 14,
presses down the inner ends, 10, of the levers, 9, and makes the levers exert the
required powerful pressure down upon the bearings, 3, of the upper roller, 5. The
hydraulic cylinder, 12, and its piston and ram, 14, are constructed so that pressure
may be applied on a comparatively small annular area on the underside of the
piston for the purpose of raising it; and a grooved block or buckle, 15, is fixed to
the bottom end of the ram, 14, so as to embrace the inner ends, 10, of the pairs of
levers, 9, in order to lift them when the ram rises. The block, 15, has a groove or

page_text: recess on each side and the individual ends of each pair of levers, 9, are in the
grooves on the opposite sides. And when the levers, 9, are raised in this way they
lift up the upper roller, 5. The upper part of the hydraulic cylinder, 12, is made
to act as an air vessel in order that there may be some elasticity or yielding power
in the action of the apparatus; and for this purpose the liquid for pressing down
on the piston or ram, 14, is led in by a pipe, 16, projecting downwards from the top
of the cylinder, or it might be by an inlet at the side, so that the end of the pipe
or the inlet is a suitable distance below the top of the cylinder in order that air
may be retained in the space above the inlet and act as a spring. Some clasticity
is also by preference additionally given either by making the levers, 9, of a resilient
yielding character by constructing them of a suitable form, and material; or by
inaking the supporting beam or girder, 13, of a resilient yielding character; or
by introducing one or more metal springs at one or more suitable points.
The machine is provided with three mangle rollers, 17, on which the fabrics to be
mangled, calendered or finished can be wound, so that whilst one mangle roller, is
being operated on between the main rollers, 5, 6, of the machine, the other mangle
roller may be having fresh fabric wound upon it, whilst the third may be cooling.
The shafts of these three rollers, 17, are carried in bearings in three-armed end
frames, 18, which are fixed on a shaft, 19, carried in bearings in a frame, 20,
arranged to slide along horizontal guides, 21, formed on the inner sides of the end
frames, 7. The frame, 20, carrying the shaft, 19, of the three-armed frames is
moved along the guides, 21, for moving a roller, 17, into position between the main
rollers, 5, 6, or for moving it away therefrom, by racks, indicated by dotted lines at,
22, figure, 2, and acted on by pinions on a shaft, 23, which has on one end of it a
worm wheel driven by a worm, 24, on a short vertical spindle. The spindle of this
worm, 24, can be turned through bevil gear, 25, from a shaft, 26, having a hand
wheel, 27; and the same spindle has also on it a bevil wheel, 28, gearing with
reversed bevil wheels, 29, on a horizontal shaft, 30, having on it fast and loose
pulleys, 31, for a driving belt, an ordinary movable clutch between the bevil
wheels, 29, serving for putting either of them into gear when required. The
shaft, 30, also by bevil wheels, 32, drives a short shaft, 33, having on its inner end
a pinion which gears with a spurwheel, 34, on the shaft of whichever mangle
roller, 17, is brought into the position for having fabric wound upon it. Near one
end of the shaft, 19, carrying the three-armed frames, 18, there is fixed on it
a spurwheel, 35, with which there gears a pinion, 36, on a spindle having on it a
winch handle, 37, and by means of this handle the three-armned frames, 18, are
turned for the purpose of changing the positions of the mangle rollers, 17.
"We have described the mechanism for moving the mangle rollers, 17, into
different positions as part of the machine shown in the drawings but we do not
make any claim in respect thereof."
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
The mode of applying pressure to the upper rollers by means of levers centered
at their outer ends and extending inwards with their inner ends arranged to
be acted on by the ram of an hydraulic cylinder substantially as herein before
described.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.