Improvements in Engraving Machinery.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Oct., 1889
Comp ete Specification Left, 14th July, 1890-Accepted, 27th Sept., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Engraving Machinery.
I, GEORGE MCKENDREE GUERRANT of No. 7 Lafayette Place in the City and State
of New York, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This machine is especially intended for engraving watch case lids and articles of
kindred nature, but it may be applied on articles of silver-ware, jewelry, etc.
wherever the article is adapted to be revolved during the engraving operation.
The article to be engraved is to be mounted upon a chuck or holder at the end of
the mandrel somewhat similar to the mandrel of a lathe, and there is a tool supported
by a holder opposite to the surface to be engraved and usually adjacent to the tool is
a gauge to determine the depth of cut.
The mandrel that holds the article to be engraved is rotated progressively by gearing
and the bearings for the mandrel are upon a swinging yoke to which a lateral or
endwise movement or both can be given and there is a pattern disk upon the mandrel
the edges and face of which are scolloped or made as a series of indentations and
there is a stationary finger acting against the pattern disk so as to give to the spindle
a vibrating motion as the revolution progresses and the pattern disk is united to a
gear wheel having a corresponding number of teeth to the indentations of the pattern
disk and adjacent to this gear wheel is a second gear wheel fastened directly to the
mandrel and having one tooth more or less than the adjacent wheel and both these
wheels are driven by one pinion, hence as the engraving progresses the pattern
produced will be a series of fine diamonds or barleycorn projections similar to engine
turned work.
The engraving tool is held in a suitable support or slide and it is moved progressively
from the centre of the article to be engraved outwardly or the reverse by the action
of screws that are turned progressively and the holder for the engraving tool is
capable of being partially rotated around a fixed or imaginary centre in order that
the axis of the tool may be caused to assume a line perpendicular to the surface of the
article being engraved especially when the article operated upon is convex and 1
provide a rack and pinion by which the tool support is moved from time to time as
the engraving progresses. The pinion that operates upon the rack is controlled
electrically that is to say if the tool does not stand perpendicular to the work as the
engraving progresses an electric circuit is either closed or broken and by
the joint action of an electro magnet and spring or weight the pinion is rotated to
turn the bed until the tool assumes the proper position in relation to the article
operated upon.
During the engraving operation it is often necessary to interrupt the cut and leave
the surface plain and the outline of the plain portion is usually a prearranged design
in order that hand engraving may be applied to the plain surface of the watch case
lid or other metallic article.
To effect this I draw back the tool at the proper time by an electric operation.
A pattern is cut out of the proper size and desired shape and it is mounted upon a
pattern bed that is revolved in unison with the article that is being engraved through
suitable connecting gearing and there is a tracer in contact with the pattern bed and
pattern and this tracer is moved across the surface of the revolving pattern bed and
pattern by a pantagraph lever and connections to the tool support so that the parts
move in harmony and the tracer is made to open and close an electric circuit and in
this electric circuit is an electro magnet, the armature of which is made to act upon a
friction mechanism that intervenes between the electro-magnet and the holder for the
engraving tool and there is a continuously revolving pinion with which the friction

page_text: mechanism is connected so that when the electro magnet is energized pressure from
the armature produces a friction that causes the revolving pinion to draw back the
engraving tool and as soon as the-magnetism ceases the tool is pressed forward to
its work by a spring, hence the engraving operation will be arrested leaving plain
portions or patterns upon the watch case or other article corresponding to the
pattern that acts with the tracer and the holder for the engraving tool and a spring
acting upon the same can be sufficiently rigid for making the most perfect work and
the mechanical power brought into action by the electro magnet is sufficient to
control with the greatest accuracy and rapidity the back and forth movement of the
holder for the engraving tool.
The slide rests and beds support the tool holder and are movable by hand so as to
adapt the machine to different sizes and characters of articles to be engraved and I
usually construct the tracer in such a manner that the electric circuit can be opened
and closed between two contact points instead of having to employ a pattern that is
included in the electric circuit and when a cylindrical article is being engraved the
pattern is preferably placed upon a cylinder in order that the movements of the tracer
and of the engraving tool may be in the same direction, and I adjust the spring by
which the engraving tool is pressed to its work, so as to obtain the necessary force to
prevent injury to the engraving tool by a sudden movement. I prefer to use a
small vessel containing molasses or similar viscid liquid in which is an
arm connected with the stock of the engraving tool so that such engraving tool will
not be liable to injury by sudden concussion or contact with the metal or other
material to be engraved.
Dated thin 15th
1000
BREWER & SON,
Agents
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Engraving Machinery.
I, GEORGE MCKENDREE GUERRANT, of No. Lafayette Place, in the City and
State of New York, United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed; to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of the present invention is to engrave watch cases or lids, or similar
articles, by a revolving motion and to produce upon such metallic article ornamentation
that is known as barley corn or engine turned work, or other line ornaments and this
character of ornamentation is interrupted, so as to leave upon the article engraved a
blank surface or shape corresponding to a pattern in order that this blank surface may
be engraved by hand or otherwise in designs or patterns, or letters or designs may at
the same time be produced by the pattern.
In carrying out this invention the article to be engraved is revolved and it receives
a vibrating movement at right angles to the axis of rotation, so that a fine spiral line,
cut by the engraving tool, may be undulated and these undulations come together to
produce what is known as the barley corn or engine turned pattern or the article
engraved may receive a movement in the line of the axis of rotation to cause the cut
around a cylindrical article to be zig zag for producing the barley corn or other
engraved pattern, and I make use of devices hereafter described that are electrically
controlled for drawing back the engraving tool and interrupting the pattern at those
places where the article that is being engraved is to be left blank, and I provide for
rotating the pattern made use of in connection with the electrically controlled device,
and I also provide an electrical controlling device for bringing into action the
mechanism that adjusts the position of the engraving tool to the article being engraved,
in order that such engraving tool may follow around upon a more or less convex
surface to be engraved and occupy a position perpendicular or nearly so to the
particular portion of the surface upon which the engraving tool is acting.
In the drawing I have represented my improvements as applied to an engine

page_text: Fig. 3 is a detached view of the bearing for the vibrating yoke :
Fig. 4 is an end view of the machine :
Fig. 5 is a section of the magnet and mechanism made use of in drawing back the
engraving tool:
Fig. 6 is a similar view of the magnet and mechanism made use of in swinging the
bed that holds the engraving tool to keep such engraving tool perpendicular to the
surface that is being engraved :
Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic plan view in larger size and partially in section repre-
senting the electric circuit and device for breaking the circuit when the engraving
tool is not perpendicular to the surface being engraved.
Fig. 8 is a section of the slide rest and elevation of the tool stock, and
Figs. 9 & 10 represent the circuit closing arms and tracer.
The
Fig. 11 represents a portion of the machine with the pattern upon the counter shaft.
The main bed A of the machine is of suitable size and adapted to receive the parts
hereafter described and this bed is conveniently supported upon a foot A'.
yoke B is supported upon pivots 2 centrally within the bed A and at the upper ends
of the yoke B are the journal boxes or bearings 3 for the mandrel C at the end of
which is a chuck D of any suitable character adapted to receive the article 4 that is to
be engraved.
Upon the mandrel C is a gear wheel E having say about 200 teeth. This gear
wheel is fixed permanently to the mandrol C and adjacent to such gear wheel E is a
similar gear wheel E¹ having say 201 teeth, and these two gear wheels are in constant
contact with the pinion F, hence as the mandrel is revolved as hereafter designated
the gear wheel E¹ is changed in its position to the gear wheel E one tooth each
revolution, and around the mandrel C is a pattern disk F' fastened to the wheel E¹
and having as many indentations in its periphery and in one face as there are teeth in
the gear wheel E' and upon the bed A is a bracket 6 see Fig. 1 having a stationary
finger 7 against which the pattern disk is constantly pressed by a spring 8 hence as
the mandrel C and gear wheels E E' and pattern disk F¹ are revolved the yoke B
mandrel and article to be engraved will be vibrated laterally upon the pivots 2 and
the line traced by the engraver 9 will be undulating or zig zag, and I remark that
this has before been accomplished in engraving machines by somewhat similar
mechanism and furthermore I remark that the mandrel C is free to move slightly in
the line of its axis, there being a spring 10 behind a collar upon the mandrel
to press the article towards the engraver and if the finger 7 is placed in the position
indicated by dotted lines at 5 Fig. 1 so as to act against the undulations in the face of
the pattern disk F¹ the mandrel will be vibrated in the line of its axis and the machine
will be adapted to the engraving of a cylinder in consequence of the movement being
in the line of the axis of the cylinder, the waving or zig zag line will be cut peripherally
upon such cylinder.
I find a convenient train of gearing for revolving the mandrel C and counter
shaft K to consist of the driving pulley G bevel gears G1 G2 and a pinion 12-
see Fig. 2 gearing into the wheel H upon the mandrel and the wheel H' on a
gudgeon 14 that gives motion to the pinions I I' and shaft 15 shown by dotted
lines in Fig. 1 and to the gear wheel K on the counter shaft K' and in conse-
quence of the gear wheels H H' and K being the same size and the pinions 12 I I'
the same size, the counter shaft K¹ will revolve in unison with the mandrel C and
this counter shaft K' is to give motion to the pattern L hereafter described.
The engraving tool 9 is supported in a stock N and this stock N can slide

page_text: end wise in a bed N₁ and there is a spring 17 that tends to press the engraver 9
towards the work and a cord or strap 18 from the end of the spring passing
around a lever clamp 19 is made use of to vary the force of the spring as it
tends to move the tool towards the article that is engraved. This lever clamp 19
is upon a pivot screw 20 and provided with a clamp screw 21 passing through a
segmental slot in the lever clamp so as to hold such lever clamp in any position
to which it may be adjusted and the circular portion of the lever clamp is
preferably graduated adjacent to an index 22 so that the power of the spring in
its action upon the engraving tool may be predetermined.
The bed N¹ may be supported in any suitable manner and 1 prefer to make
use of the segmental rack O having rack teeth upon its edge and fastened to the
slide-rest S¹ and a pinion P¹ to swing the bed N₁ upon a centre 50 hereafter
described. The segmental rack is described from the centre 50 and the point of
the engraving tool directly over it hence by rotating the pinion P¹ that is in
contact with the teeth at the edge of the segmental rack, the bed N¹.can be
turned around laterally in order that the centre line of the engraver can be vertical or
nearly so to the article being engraved and this can be accomplished without varying
the pressure of the engraving tool upon the article that is being engraved. This
pinion P is to be rotated at the proper time by suitable means; I have hereafter
described the electric appliances for accomplishing this object.
It is convenient to make use of the screw Qrunning longitudinally of the bed A.
This screw Q is behind the plate R that is affixed to the transverse bed R and
slides upon the bed A and behind this plate R is a wheel Q" (see Fig. 4) and
the dotted lines in Fig. 2, and there is a screw axis and handle Q2 by which
the wheel Q can be firmly clamped to the plate R or loosened so that it is free
to revolve upon its axis. The teeth around this wheel Q correspond in shape to
the screw threads on the screw Q hence when the clamping handle Q12 loosens
this wheel Q such wheel can rotate freely upon its axis without the plate R
and bed R being moved by the screw but when the wheel Q₁ is clamped by the
handle Q2 the teeth of this wheel Q¹¹ become the section of a nut upon which
the screw acts and the bed R and plate R4 are thereby moved in either one
direction or the other. This device is similar to the device made use of in turning
lathes, and I have represented a train of gearing at R' for giving the motion to
this screw the gears in this train of gearing being changeable as usual in screw
cutting and other lathes to vary the speed of the screw Q in relation to the
mandrel C. By this construction I am enabled to move the transverse bed R to
place it in its proper position when engraving is to be performed in the machine
and this also allows the lathe to be used for other purposes in the manufacture of
watch cases or other articles.
When the wheel Q is loose the screw Q can revolve without moving the bed R
and by a train of gearing Q R2 Fig. 2 a movement can be given from the
screw to the transverse screw S supported by the bed R and acting upon the
slide rest S¹ and this slide rest S' supports the segmental rack O and it will be
understood that by revolving the screw Q sufficiently slowly the train of gearing R²
will give motion to the trausverse screw S and slide rest S₁ and carry the
segmental rack O bed N' and stock N and engraver 9 gradually across the
machine, so that the engraving tool may be made to commence the engraving in
the centre of the article 4 and engrave gradually out towards the rim of such
article according to the direction of rotation of the screw S but I usually prefer
to commence the engraving near the rim of the article and to engrave inwardly;
and it will be understood that the handle S2 upon the end of the screw S may
be made use of in adjusting the slide rest S₁ transversely of the lathe to bring
the engraving tool to the proper position to commence the engraving.
Having described the general features of this machine I will now describe the
electric appliances for drawing back the engraver whenever the engraving is to be
interrupted.

page_text: Upon the bed N¹ is a standard 30 (see Fig. 5) and this standard 30 supports an
electro-magnet T and also a gudgeon 31 upon the opposite side of the standard and
upon this gudgeon is a pulley 32 having a pinion 33 connected therewith and a band
is to be passed around this pulley 32 to any suitable driving pulley preferably over-
head so that this pulley 32 and pinion 33 will be continuously revolved. The core of
the electro-magnet passes through the standard 30 and it forms a gudgeon upon
which is received a gear wheel T which gear wheel is free to be continuously revolved
by the pinion 33 and there is upon this gudgeon 34 a loose disk 36 having upon it a
pinion 35 that gears into the segmental rack 40 upon the upper end of the lever T
that is pivoted at 41 upon the standard 30 and the lower end is connected by a link 42
to the sliding stock N that holds the engraving tool, the pinion 35 and disk 36 are
held in position upon the stud 34 by a nut 37. The stud 34 forming the core of the
magnet T is made tubular for a portion of its length for the reception of the pin 38 to
the outer end of which the armature T3 is permanently fastened and there is a cross
pin passing through a hole in the pin 38 through longitudinal slots in the tubular
portion of the stud 34 and into a collar 39 around such stud 34 adjacent to the hub of
the gear wheel T².
It is now to be understood that the band pulley 32 pinion 33 and gear wheel T² are
constantly revolved, but the friction between the side of the gear wheel T2 and the
disk 36 is not enough to turn such disk 36 and the pinion 35 until the electro-
magnet T is energized the armature T3 attracted and the collar 39 forced against the
hub of the wheel T2 and the friction thereof against the disk 36 turns the same and
the pinion 35 and swings the rack lever T4 and by the pin 42 draws the stock N and
engraver 9 back from the work and when the electric current ceases in the magnet T
the spring 17 moves the engraver forward into contact with the article being
engraved.
The device made use of for sending an electric current through the helix of the
magnet T whenever the engraving is to be interrupted may be of any desired
character, that which I have described hereafter has been found preferable and it will
be understood that should the arrangement of the parts and the direction of the
rotation be reversed the tool may be brought up to its position by the frictional
contact between the gear wheel T2 and the disk 36 and drawn back by a spring,
although I prefer the conditions herein set forth.
The device represented in Fig. 6 is adapted to turning the pinion P¹ in order to act
against the stationary segmental rack and turn the bed NT progressively and keep
the engraver 9 vertical to the surface of the article being engraved. In this case the
pinion P is fastened to the lower end of a vertical shaft U around which is a helix 45
that forms a spring and this spring is wound up by rotating the pinion P¹ as the
hed N is swung laterally, and the helix 45 being fastened at one end to the shaft U.
and at the other end to a stationary tube surrounding such helix. This stationary
tube forms the core of an electro-magnet U₁ and U2 is an armature laving a tubular
extension containing a part of the spring helix 45 and fastened at its upper end to the
shaft U and there is upon the pinion P' a friction disk 46 preferably provided with an
annular frictional surface of leather against the under side of the support 47 on the
bed N. There may be a spring step 48 for the lower end of the shaft U and it is
now to be understood that the helix 45 is to be coiled up and compressed endwise
sufficiently to produce the required friction between the friction disk 46 and the
under side of the support 47 for holding the pinion P stationary in its normal position,
but when the electric current is allowed to pass through the helix of the electro
magnet U¹ the armature U2 is attracted and it draws down the vertical shaft U and
pinion P¹ sufficiently to lessen the friction between 46 & 47 and allow the spring
helix 45 to partially rotate the pinion P¹ and swing the bed N' by the action of the
pinion P against the stationary segmental rack O and this movement is arrested by
the friction between 46 & 47 the moment the electric current is broken.
If the weight 102 is connected with a cord 103 passing over a pulley 104 and
wound around the tubular core as seen in Fig. 6 this weight may be made use of for

page_text: turning the pinion P' instead of depending upon the spring 45. In this instance the
spring 45 will simply act to keep the frictional surface 46 in contact with 47 for
preventing the rotation of the pinion until the electro magnet is energized.
The device for directing the electric current through the helix of the electro
magnet U may be of any suitable character, but I prefer those hereafter described as
well adapted to use for the other parts of my machine.
In Fig. 7 the segmental rack, the engraving tool and a portion of the supporting
parts are represented, the electro magnet U₁ being removed from its position around
the shaft U and represented in the electric circuit to the battery, the article 4 to be
engraved being shown in section.
At one side of the slide rest S¹ is a circular bearing S³ for the circular rest N2 that
extends outwardly and downwardly from the bed N₁ the central bolt 50 uniting the
circular rest N2 to the circular bearing S³ being exactly below the point of the
engraving tool so that this bed N₁ and rest N2 can turn upon the bolt 50 into any
desired position to the transverse bed R as the pinion P' may be rotated from time to
time and act upon the stationary segmental rack (see Figs. 127. There is a
finger 52 on the circular rest N2 which finger is insulated and to this finger one
conductor from a galvanic battery is connected as indicated in Fig. 7 and the other
conductor from the battery is connected to the contact block 53 on the bed A. As
represented in Fig. 7 the engraving tool is supposed to be cutting from the centre
outwardly, hence as the slide rest Sis moved upon the transverse bed R the finger 52
comes into contact with the block 53 and closes the circuit to the electro magnet U¹
and this draws down the shaft U separating the disk 46 from the support 47 and
allowing the pinion P₁ to be turned by the helical spring 45 and this pinion acting
against the stationary rack O swings the bed N₁ into a still further inclined position
to keep the engraver 9 perpendicular to the surface of the article 4 and in so doing
the circular rest N2 is turned and the insulated finger 52 moved away from the contact
block 53 and the circuit is broken and this operation continues from time to time
until the entire surface of the article is engraved.
The position and shape of the contact block 53 and insulating finger 52 will be
varied according to the shape of the article that is being engraved and in cases where
the engraving tool commences near the periphery of the article and engraves towards
the centre the finger 52 will occupy the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 7
and the contact block 53 will be on the other side as shown by dotted lines.
As before described the counter shaft K¹ makes one revolution for each revolution of
the mandrel Cand I communicate a similar movement to the pattern bed V and pattern L
by the bevel gearing V₁ and the pattern L upon this pattern bed V is in relief corre-
sponding in shape to the shape of the blank space to be left in the engraved article
and over the pattern bed is a tracer V2 hung upon pivots 54 the lower end of this
tracer is rounding and hence it is raised by the relief pattern L upon the pattern
bed V and in the movement of the tracer V2 the electric circuit is open and closed to
the magnet T as indicated in Fig. 5 hence whenever the electric circuit is closed the
engraver 9 is drawn back by the mechanical action of the band pulley 32 pinion 33
gear wheel T2 and rack lever T4 as before described, but it will be apparent that while
the pattern bed V is revolved once each time the article being engraved is revolved it
is also necessary to move the tracer V2 laterally across such pattern bed and pattern
in harmony with the movement of the engraving tool across and in front of the article
that is being engraved. To effect this object I connect to the bed S¹ a band 60 pre-
ferably of thin metal passing around the pulleys 61 & 62 to the pantagraph lever W
the pivot 63 of which is adjustably supported upon the bed A and the back end of this
pantagraph lever is pivoted at 64 to a link 65 connected to a sliding bed 66 having a
V shaped supporting bed 67 connected to the main bed A and at the upper end of
this sliding bed 66 is an arm 68 carrying the pivot 54 of the tracer V2, hence as this
slide rest S¹ moves across upon the bed R as the feed takes place, the tracer V* is
drawn along across the pattern bed V and pattern and the proportion of the parts is
such that the tracer V2 comes to the centre of the pattern at the same time that the

page_text: engraver 9 comes to the centre of the article that is being engraved and the tracer
and engraver come to the rim of the article and the pattern bed respectively at the
same time. The fulcrum 63 of the lever W is movable so that the relative movements
can be varied so that a given pattern can be adapted to a larger or smaller article
being engraved.
It is important to be able to engrave upon a cylinder instead of upon a convex plate
or watch case, in which instance the cylindrical article to be engraved will be on the
mandrel and the engraver and parts supporting the same will be swung around to
occupy the proper position to such cylinder to be engraved, and in this case it is
preferable to make the bearing V for the shaft K' in two parts as seen in Fig. 2 and to
disconnect the pattern bed Vand bevel gearing and place the cylindrical pattern directly
upon the counter shaft K' as illustrated in the diagr..n Fig. 11 and in this case the
tracer and the parts carrying the same will be adjusted vertically to accommodate such
pattern, the support for the bed 67 being changeable or adjustable so as to hold
such V bed 67 at the proper height above the main bed A.
In Figs. 9 & 10 the cylinder made use of as a pattern for the tracer is represented
as having indentations or slots to allow the tracer to descend and upon the arm of the
tracer is an upright finger 94 between the contact points 70 to which one wire of
the electric circuit is connected, so that the electric circuit can be closed to cause the
engraving tool to be drawn back when the tracer drops into the recess pattern, or
the circuit can be closed to the other contact screw when the tracer rises to the
surface of the pattern. These contact screws being adjusted according to the character
of the pattern and the mode of engraving. It is preferable to make the tracer of two
half balls, there being a space between them for the finger 90 having a V shaped end
to pass down freely, and this finger 90 is on a secondary lever 91 pivoted upon the
tracer arm 92 and having the upward projecting circuit closing fork and the contact
screws 70 so that motion is given to the lever 91 by the pattern and the circuit is
closed by one of the screws against the finger 94. This character of tracer and
electric contacts can be made use of with the flat pattern bed or with the cylindrical
pattern bed.
It is to be understood that the electric circuit will be closed between the finger 94
and either one of the screws 70 the other screw being drawn back and one wire from
the battery may either be connected to the tracer as seen in Fig. 9 or it may be con-
nected to the pattern, but if desired the pattern may be made of non-conducting
material and the cylinder or surface upon which it rests may be made of conducting
material so that the circuit will be broken by the pattern itself.
In Figs. 1 & 7 I have represented a bracket 72 attached to the slide rest S¹ and
extending to the rear and having a roller 73 adjacent to an adjustable pattern holder 76
held upon the bed A by a clamping nut and screw 75 in the grooved surface of such
bed the pattern 74 is clamped by the screw 78 to the holder 76 and the object of
this pattern 74 is to move the beds R and S¹ longitudinally of the lathe as the bed S¹
is moved transversely by the action of the feeding screw, thereby causing the
engraver 9 to cut into the article being engraved the proper distance as the pattern 74
is to correspond to the sectional shape of the article that is being engraved. I have
shown by dotted lines in Fig. 7 a spring at 77 for keeping the roller 73 against the
pattern 74 the spring being attached at one end to the bracket 72 and at the other
end to the bed A.
It is usually preferable to provide a stop motion for stopping the lathe at the end
of each operation. This may be of any desired character.
I find that in some instances the spring 17 is liable to project the stock N and the
engraving tool 9 too rapidly and where the engraving tool is a diamond it is sometimes
injured by the sudden concussion thereof against the metal. To avoid this difficulty
I place upon the bed N¹ a small cup 80 which is to contain molasses or other viscid
liquid and upon the stock N I place a hinged arm 82 having a flat or nearly flat end
and the parts are so placed that the stock N and arm 82 can be drawn back easily but
as the stock and engraver are moved towards the article the viscid liquid between the
end of the arm and the side of the cup forms a yielding buffer, the liquid. being

page_text: pressed out laterally and forming a sufficient resistance to prevent the blow of the
engraver upon the article being engraved. The arm and cup are adjustable so that
the space occupied by the resisting viscid liquid can be greater or less to regulate the
buffing or stopping action.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
First. The combination with the mandrel for revolving the article to be engraved,
of an engraving tool a stock for holding the same, and a revolving pinion and
mechanism for withdrawing the engraving tool, and a pattern revolving in unison
with the article to be engraved and a tracer and circuit closer and an electro magnet
for bringing into action the withdrawing mechanism substantially as set forth.
Second. The combination with a revolving mandrel for holding the article to be
engraved, of an engraving tool, a sliding stock for holding the same, an electro-
magnet, a pattern and a circuit closer acted upon by the pattern, a revolving friction
device, and mechanism brought into action by the electro magnet for withdrawing the
engraving tool, substantially as set forth.
'
Third. The combination with the engraving tool and the holder for the same, of an
electro magnet, means for opening and closing the circuit to the same, a wheel revolved
mechanically and a friction device acted upon by the electro magnet for withdrawing
the tool, substantially as set forth.
Fourth. A mandrel for holding and revolving the article to be engraved, a pattern
disk and finger for vibrating the mandrel laterally, or longitudinally, or both, in com-
bination with an engraving tool and an electro magnet, and a circuit closing device
controlled by a pattern, and mechanism substantially as specified, between the electro
magnet and the engraving tool, brought into action by the electro magnet for with-
drawing such engraving tool in harmony with the pattern, substantially as set forth.
Fifth. The combination with the mandrel for holding and revolving the article to
be engraved, of an engraving tool, a stock for the same, a bed for supporting the
stock, a segmental rack and a pinion connected with the bed for swinging the bed and
the tool and maintaining such tool in a perpendicular or nearly perpendicular position
to the surface being engraved, and an electro magnet and circuit connections for
automatically actuating the pinion substantially as set forth.
Sixth. The combination with the mandrel for holding and revolving the article to
be engraved, of an engraving tool, a stock for the same, a bed in which the stock can
slide, a revolving pinion and lever for drawing back the stock and tool, an electro
magnet for bringing the lever into action, the segmental rack and pinion for turning
the stock and bed laterally, and an electro magnet and spring for controlling the
action of the pinion in its operation upon the bed, substantially as set forth.
Seventh. The combination with the tool and its stock and bed, of a segmental rack
and pinion for swinging the bed and tool laterally, a spring for rotating the pinion,
a friction disk for preventing the pinion from turning and an electro magnet to
relieve the friction and permit the spring to turn the pinion, substantially as set
forth.
Eighth. The combination with the engraving tool and the stock and beds for
supporting and moving the same, of a revolving pattern, a tracer, pivots, and a
sliding bed, a lever for moving the bed and a band extending from the lever to the
tool supporting slide, whereby the tracer and tools are caused to move in harmony,
substantially as set forth.
Ninth. The combination with the pattern, of a tracer, a circuit closing arm acted
upon by the pattern, electric circuit connections and an electro-magnet in the circuit,
the engraving tool and a continuously revolving pinion and mechanism substantially
as specified between the engraving tool and the electro magnet and brought into
action by such magnet for withdrawing the engraving tool in harmony with the
pattern that acts upon the tracer, substantially as set forth.
Tenth. The combination in a lathe for engraving, of a mandrel for holding and

page_text: rotating the article to be engraved, mechanism for moving the article and mandrel
laterally to produce a zig zag or waving engraved line, an engraving tool and holder
for the same, a pattern revolved in unison with the article to be engraved, circuit
closing devices acted upon by the pattern and an electro-magnet and connection
between the same and the engraving tool for moving the engraving tool in harmony
with the pattern, substantially as set forth.
Eleventh. The combination with the engraving tool, of continuously revolving
mechanism for moving the engraving tool into and out of contact with the article
to be engraved, a pattern, a tracer, an electric circuit and an electro magnet, brought
into action by the tracer and controlling the mechanism that moves the engraver,
substantially as set forth.
.
G. MCKENDREE GUERRANT.
By Brewer & Son,
Agents.