Improvements in Apparatus for Aörating Water or other Liquid with Carbonic Acid or other Gas under Pressure, and Bottling the same.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Oct., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 30th July, 1894-Accepted, 15th Sept.; 1894
NOTIONAL SIMULTICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Aörating Water or other Liquid
with Carbonic Acid or other Gas under Pressure, and Bottling
the same.
I, HERBERT SAMUEL ELWORTHY, of 95, Apollo Hotel, Bombay, British India,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My present invention has for its object novel methods of constructing apparatus
for aërating with carbonic acid or other gas under pressure, water or other liquid,
and for filling suitable bottles with the liquid so aërated, the process being very
rapid and effective, and the apparatus simple, inexpensive, easily worked, and not
liable to get out of order.
By my invention water is first drawn into a cylinder and is then forced into a
second cylinder, where it is aërated, and then drawn off into ordinary aërated water.
bottles.
For this purpose I use two cylinders having their central axes preferably in the
same line, and connected together by means of a tube so that the pressure in both
is the same.
The upper cylinder is of somewhat greater diameter than the lower
one, so that a piston rod carrying pistons at its ends which fit in the two cylinders
respectively is forced downward, to the lower end of the stroke. The upper part
of the piston rod between the two pistons is of somewhat greater diameter than its
lower part..
The two cylinders are connected together by means of a smaller cylinder or tube.
This cylinder is of such an internal diameter that the upper or larger part of the
piston rod fits closely in it, while there is an annular space all round when the
piston rod is at the top of its stroke. At the lower end upon the cover of the lower
cylinder hydraulic leather packing is used, and at the upper end at the bottom of
the upper cylinder two hat-shaped packing leathers. By means of a device to be
described later on the cylinders are kept constantly charged with carbonic acid gas
under sufficient pressure.
In the case of the upper cylinder the gas remains above the upper piston and in
the case of the lower cylinder it remains below the lower piston.
The lower part of the upper cylinder is connected to a tank or reservoir of water,
by means of a tube and ball valve. When the pistons are at the bottom of their
stroke carbonic acid gas at about 50 to 60 atmospheres pressure, is admitted to the
annular space round the piston rod by means of a pipe, and the piston rod is forced
upwards by the pressure upon the lower edge of the longer part of the piston rod,
and thereby a vacuum is formed under the upper piston and water is drawn in from
the reservoir through the valve. When the piston reaches the top of its stroke,
the gas escapes from the annular space through a pipe at the upper end of the
annular space into a second adjoining cylinder, and the upper piston is again forced
downwards, by the gas pressure above it, driving the water out through a delivering
ball valve and pipe into the upper part of such adjoining cylinder. This cylinder
is fitted with a perforated plate near the bottom, upon which any suitable kind of
coarsely granulated material placed, and above this again, near the top, is a
second perforated plate. The water coming in through the pipe from the upper
cylinder falls upon the upper perforated plate and percolates through the granulated
material, thus coming into intimate contact with the carbonic acid gas, with which
the cylinder is kept constantly charged at a pressure of 8 to 10 atmospheres.

page_text: The water then passes into a space below the lower perforated plate and is then
forced up by the gas pressure, through a tube into the aërated water bottle which
has been placed in a filling machine which may be of any of the ordinary suitable
forms.
The method of admitting the high pressure gas, into the annular space is by
means of a valve which is connected to a cylinder of compressed or liquefied car-
bonic acid gas, by means of a tube. This valve is opened at the right times by
means of a cam upon the revolving nut of the filling machine. At the required
part of the revolution, this cam presses upon the spindle of the valve thus opening
the valve and allowing the gas to flow into the annular space round the piston rod.
The valve is then closed by the pressure of the gas below it aided by a spring.
Each time a bottle is filled, the filling machine is revolved and the valve opened
and closed, and thus the act of filling a bottle causes a fresh charge of water to be
drawn into the machine and aërated.
The pressure of gas in the three cylinders described is kept constant by means of
a suitable pressure regulator.
In a somewhat modified form of the apparatus described I use two cylinders
joined together by a metal casting and pillars. The upper cylinder is of larger
diameter than the lower one, and a piston rod passes through the top of the lower
one and the bottom of the upper.
This rod carries at each end a piston and the upper part of the upper cylinder
and the lower part of the lower cylinder, are connected together by means of
a pipe.
From the top of the upper cylinder rises a glass tube open below but closed
above, which may or may not be surrounded by a brass tube, and inside this glass
tube and reaching nearly to its upper end (when the piston is at the top of its
stroke) is another tube, carrying a rose jet at its upper end, which tube is connected
to the upper piston which contains one or more passages and ball valves opening
upward, which allow water to pass from the lower side of the piston upwards
through the tube and to fall as a spray down the inside of the glass tube.
At the upper part of the upper cylinder is fitted a union joint and pipe for
attaching the cylinder to a flask or vessel of compressed carbonic acid gas, and
lower down at the bottom of the cylinder is a valve opening inward which may be
of any suitable form and which is connected to a cistern, filter, or other source of
water supply. The cylinder is also connected near its upper end to an ordinary
filling machine.
The working of the apparatus is as follows:-
A constant pressure of carbonic acid is maintained in the two cylinders the upper
part of the upper cylinder and the lower part of the lower one being connected to a
Hask or vessel of carbonic acid gas under pressure fitted with a regulator.
The upper cylinder being of greater diameter than the lower one the pistons are
forced downwards and then by means of a lever connected with the piston rod
between the two pistons which is pressed downward by the foot of the attendant
operating the machine, the pistons are raised, and water is drawn in below the
upper piston through the valve. The lever is then released and the excess of
pressure above the upper piston forces them down, and the water is driven up
through the central tube falling in the form of a fine spray or rain through the
atmosphere of gas in the upper cylinder and becoming thoroughly aërated. It is
then drawn off by means of the bottling machine, the exit to which is situated just
above the upper piston when the latter is at the lowest point of its stroke.
The bottling machine may be of any ordinary form.

page_text: COMPLEIN DI BOITIATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Aërating Water or other Liquid
with Carbonic Acid or other Gas under Pressure, and Bottling
the same.
I, HERBERT SAMuel Elworthy, of 95 Apollo Hotel, Bombay, British India,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying drawing that is to say :-
My present invention has for its object novel methods of constructing apparatus
for aerating with carbonic acid or other gas under pressure, water or other liquid,
and for filling suitable bottles with the liquid so aërated, the process being very
rapid and effective, and the apparatus simple, inexpensive, easily worked, and not
liable to get out of order.
In the form of my invention illustrated in Figure 1 of the accompanying
drawing, water is first drawn into a cylinder and is then forced into a second
cylinder, where it is aërated, and then drawn off into ordinary aërated water
bottles.
For this purpose I use two cylinders a b having their central axes preferably in
the same line, and connected together by means of a tube c so that the pressure
in both is the same. The upper cylinder a is of somewhat greater diameter
than the lower one b, so that a piston rod d carrying pistons e and f, at its
ends, which fit in the two cylinders respectively is forced downward, to the
lower end of the stroke. The upper part of the piston rod d between the two
pistons is of somewhat greater diameter than its lower part, as shewn.
The two cylinders a and b are connected together by means of a smaller
cylinder or tube g. This cylinder g is of such an internal diameter that the
upper or larger part of the piston rod fits closely in it, while there is an
annular space all round when the piston rod is at the top of its stroke. At
the lower end upon the cover of the lower cylinder hydraulic leather packing
is used at hand at the upper end at the bottom of the upper cylinder two
suitable packing leathers are used at i.
By means of a device to be described later on, the cylinders a and b are kept
constantly charged with carbonic acid gas under sufficient pressure.
In the case of the upper cylinder a the gas remains above the upper piston e
and in the case of the lower cylinder bit remains below the lower piston f.
The lower part of the upper cylinder a is connected to a tank or reservoir of
water, by means of a tube and ball valve k. When the pistons are at the
bottom of their stroke carbonic acid gas at about 50 to 60 atmospheres pressure,
is admitted to the annular space g¹ round the piston rod by means of a pipe l,
and the piston rod is forced upwards by the pressure upon the lower edge of
the larger part of the piston rod d, and thereby a vacuum is formed under the
upper piston e and water is drawn in from the reservoir through the valve k.
When the piston reaches the top of its stroke, the gas escapes from the annular
space g through a pipe m at the upper end of the annular space into a second
adjoining cylinder or chamber n, and the upper piston e is again forced down-
wards, by the gas pressure above it, driving the water out through a delivering
ball valve and pipe o into the upper part of such adjoining cylinder n.
cylinder n is fitted with a perforated plate p. near the bottom, upon which any
suitable kind of coarsely granulated material is placed, and above this again
near the top, is a second perforated plate p¹.
This
The water coming in through the pipe o from the upper cylinder a falls upon
the upper perforated plate p¹ and percolates through the granulated material,
thus coming into intimate contact with the carbonic acid gas, with which the
cylinder n is kept constantly charged at a pressure of 8 to 10 atmospheres.

page_text: The water then passes into a space below the lower perforated plate p and
is then forced up by the gas pressure, through a tuber into the aërated water
bottles which has been placed in a filling machine at t which may be of any
of the ordinary suitable forms.
The method of admitting the high pressure gas, into the annular space g¹ is
by means of a valve at u which is connected to a cylinder of compressed or
liquefied carbonic acid gas (shewn on small scale at v), by means of a tube.
This valve is opened at the right times by means of a
revolving nuty of the filling machine.
cam upon the
At the required part of the revolution of the latter, this cam presses upon
the spindle of the valve u thus opening the valve and allowing the gas to flow
through the pipe into the annular space g¹ round the piston rod d.
The valve u is then closed by the pressure of the gas below it aided by a
spring.
.
Each time a bottle is filled, the filling machine is revolved and the valve
opened and closed, and thus the act of filling a bottle causes a fresh charge of
water to be drawn into the machine and aërated.
The pressure of gas in the three cylinders a, b, and n, described is kept
constant by means of a suitable pressure regulator at z.
In a somewhat modified form of the apparatus described (illustrated in
Figure 2) I use two cylinders 1 and 2 joined together by a metal casting 3
and pillars 4. The upper cylinder 1 is of larger diameter than the lower one 2,
and a piston rod 5 passes through the top of the lower one and the bottom of
the upper one.
This rod 5 carries at each end a piston 6, 7, and the upper part of the upper
cylinder 1 and the lower part of the lower cylinder 2, are connected together
by means of a pipe 8. From the top of the upper cylinder rises a tube 9,
preferably glass, open below but closed above, which may or may not be
surrounded by a brass tube, and inside this glass tube and reaching nearly to
its upper end (when the piston is at the top of its stroke) is another tube 10,
carrying a rose jet 11 at its upper end, which tube is connected to the upper
piston 6 which contains one or more passages and ball valves 12 opening upward,
which allow water to pass from the lower side of the piston upwards through the
tube 10, and to fall as a spray down the inside of the glass tube 9.
At the upper part of the upper cylinder 1 is fitted a union joint and pipe 13 for
attaching the cylinder to a flask or vessel of compressed carbonic acid gas, (such as
that shewn at v, Figure 1) and lower down at the bottom of the cylinder is a
valve 14 opening inward which may be of any suitable form and which is connected
to a cistern, filter, or other source of water supply.
The cylinder 1 is also connected at 15 near its lower end to an ordinary filling
machine, such as that illustrated in Figure 1.
The working of the apparatus is as follows:-
A constant pressure of carbonic acid is maintained in the two cylinders 1 and 2
the upper part of the upper cylinder and the lower part of the lower one being
connected to a flask or vessel of carbonic acid gas under pressure, fitted with a
regulator.
The upper cylinder 1 being of greater diameter than the lower one 2 the
pistons 6 and 7 are forced downwards and then by means of a lever 16 connected
with the piston rod 5, between the two pistons 6 and 7 which is pressed downward
by the foot of the attendant operating the machine, the pistons are raised, and
water is drawn in below the upper piston 6 through the valve 14. The lever 16 is
then released and the excess of pressure above the upper piston 6 forces both
pistons down, and the water is driven up through the central tube 10, falling in the
form of a fine spray or rain through the atmosphere of gas in the upper cylinder 1
and becoming thoroughly aërated. It is then drawn off by means of the bottling
machine, the exit to which at 15 is situated just above the upper piston when the
latter is at the lowest point of its stroke.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination of the cylinders a b, connecting passage e piston rod d of
larger diameter above, pistons e, f, connecting cylinder g water tube and valve k,
gas supply pipe 1, pipe m, water delivery pipe and valve o, cylinder or chamber n
containing perforated plates p, p', and granulated material, delivery tuber revolving
bottle-filling machine t, all arranged and operating substantially as described, and
illustrated in Figure 1.
2. In combination with the parts described in Claim 1 the compressed gas
reservoir and reducing valve 2, the cam x upon the revolving nut y of the bottle
filling machine t, the valve u actuated by the cam x, and the connecting pipe to
valve u from the reservoir v, all arranged and operating substantially as described
and illustrated in Figure 1.
3. The combination of the cylinders 1 and 2, piston rod 5, pistons 6 and 7,
connecting pipe 8, outer tube 9 on the upper cylinder, and inner tube 10 and rose
jet 11, passages and valves 12 in piston 1, compressed gas supply pipe 13, water
supply valve 14, delivery passage 15 to bottle filling machine, and lever 16
actuating the piston rod 5, all arranged and operating substantially in the manner
described, and illustrated in Figure 2.
Dated this 30th day of July 1894.
EDWARDS & Co.,
65 & 66, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.