Improvements in Steam Boilers.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 1st May, 1894-Accepted, 14th July, 1894
Improvements in Steam Boilers.
I, WILLIAM HARVEY BERRY, of Hoosick Falls, in the County of Rensselaer
and State of New York, United States of America Gentleman do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention consists, broadly, in providing a steam boiler with a revoluble
casing or shell having a door extending nearly the whole length thereof, whereby
each part of the boiler enclosed by the shell is easily exposed and reached for
inspection, cleaning and repair. The revoluble shell is provided for the greater
part of its length with an inner lining of non-combustible and non-conducting
material, such as a mixture of asbestos and magnesia, which lining serves as an
insulator to prevent radiation of heat from the boiler. My invention consists
further in several details of construction and arrangement of the several parts of
the boiler, whereby horizontal surfaces inviting deposit of sediment and inaccessible
for cleaning are avoided; unequal expansion, due to irregular heating, is largely
avoided, and where expansion is unavoidable, (as between the inner and outer
shells) opportunity for perfect compensation is given. The tubes connecting the
inner and outer shells of the boiler are not radial, but are so arranged that the
tubes forming one vertical row on the inner shell, will form two vertical rows on
the outer shell this being very essential in order to maintain the strength of the
outer shell which is subjected to an expansive strain.
In the drawings:-
Fig. 1 is an elevation of my improved boiler.
Fig. 2 is a vertical, and
Fig. 3, a horizontal section.
Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are detached details.
Fig. 7 is an elevation, partly broken away, showing some details of my invention.
Similar letters of reference indicate similar parts in the respective figures.
The boiler consists of an outer shell A and an inner shell B united at the top by
an annular ring C which is crowned so as to resist pressure without bracing, and is thus
adapted to accommodate the unequal expansion of the inner and outer shells. The
annular ring D unites the bottom ends of the two shells and is inclined so as to
facilitate the deposit of sediment at its outer and lower edge, which is protected
from the fire and where blow cocks are provided for its frequent removal. The
cone or crown sheet D is braced to resist pressure and its conical shape holds it
rigid so that the "working" of expansion will always occur at the top.
The inner shell B is made in sections flanged and united as shown at B', thus
forming a recess in which the arched circular head B' is fitted for the purpose of
directing the draught. I shall, in some cases, use two such heads; in which event
the shell B will be made in three sections. The head B' is made of fire clay or
other incombustible material, and formed in five pieces 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5; 1 and 2 are
put in first, then 3 and 4, and finally, 5,-which holds the rest in place. The
shells A and B are perforated to receive the tubes a, a, which are horizontal, and
These tubes are not arranged
expanded into the shells in the usual manner.
radially, but the tubes forming a vertical row on the inner shell B will form two
vertical rows on the outer shell A, this being accomplished by deflecting the tubes
alternately to the right and left of the radial line. The object of this arrangement

page_text: is to maintain the tensile strength of the shell A which is subject to an expansive
strain; it being obvious that tensile strength is not as essential to the shell B on
which the strain is one of compression.
At the top of the boiler, an iron head Bis fitted upon the inner shell B and
made to support the weight of the stack. The head B³ is provided with a door B
through which access may be had to the inner shell.
Secured to and encircling the outer shell A, at a point below the lowest line of
tubes, is a shelf A', so constructed that its outer edge turns up and forms a
continuous track A' upon which a series of flanged rollers E' are supported. The
rollers E' run on journals E2 secured to a jacket or casing E which surrounds the
outer shell at a sufficient distance therefrom to allow ample area in the annular
space a enclosed for the free circulation of the gases from the furnace. The
jacket E is thus supported solely by the track A through the medium of the
rollers E', and is adapted to be revolved so as to bring the door E³, which extends
from near the top to near the bottom of the jacket, opposite to any part of the
outer shell A. The lower edge of the jacket E extends below the track A' to a
point near the bottom of the space made by the shelf A', track A' and the side of
the shell A; and by filling this space with sand a sealed joint is made allowing
the jacket to revolve while preventing the entrance of air. Secured to the shell A
at a point slightly below the water line, is another shelf A³, similar to A2, but
smaller, which also encircles the shell A, and in which sand is carried for the
purpose of sealing the connection between the shell and the jacket at this point,
by means of the inverted shelf E, secured to the jacket as shown. Attached to
the inner side of the jacket E, at its top edge, is a shelf E³, also filled with sand
for the purpose of making a similar connection with a fixed hood F by means of
the projection F'.
The result of this arrangement is that the gases pass from the furnace to the
lower section of the inner shell B, thence out through the lower section of tubes a;
then up through the annular space a' and in through the middle section of tubes ;
then up and out through the upper section of tubes; and lastly up and over the
top of the annular crowned ring C, to the chimney A'.
Secured to the lower edge of the jacket E, and extending inwardly and entirely
around it, is a shelf E which supports a lining E' of fire brick, asbestos, or other
incombustible non-conductor. The lining E' is made in sections, and held in place
by a series of I-posts Es, which resting upon the shelf E, extend to the top of the
jacket. The posts E³ are secured to the jacket by bolts having ferrules or distance
pieces E upon them, so that when the sections of lining are slipped down between
them, there will remain an air space between the lining and the jacket. This
lining serves as an insulator and prevents radiation of heat from the boiler.
Attached to, and extending from the top to the bottom of the jacket, and
adapted to revolve with. it, is a pipe G provided with nozzles G¹ so arranged that
one nozzle shall stand opposite each tube a in two vertical rows, in the outer
shell A, so that as the jacket is revolved, a nozzle will be presented to every tube.
A flexible connection G is made from the live steam to the pipe G, and by turning
on the steam and revolving the jacket, the entire boiler may be blown clean of
soot while in service.
From the foregoing description it is obvious that the tubes can be cleaned out
at any time without stopping the operation of the boiler. It is also obvious that
when the boiler is not in use, by opening the door in the outer casing or jacket and
revolving the latter, the portion of the boiler enclosed by the casing can be easily
inspected and all repairs made without removing any portion of the casing, as would
be necessary were the latter stationary.
In the drawings I have illustrated a peculiar construction of furnace, and a
travelling grate. I do not, however, describe these features herein as they
form no part of the present invention, and will form the subject matter of another
application.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a boiler, inner and outer shells and rows of horizontal fire tubes uniting
said shells, combined with an annular crowned ring joining said shells at their
upper ends and a conical crown sheet joining their lower ends, substantially as
specified.
2. The combination with a sectional inner shell having a recess formed by a
joint between two sections, of a bulkhead or draught check fitting in said recess,
substantially as described.
3. The draught check constructed in sections to admit of its adjustment in the
recess in the flue, substantially as described.
4. The combination in a boiler of inner and outer shells, rows of horizontal fire
tubes uniting said shells a revoluble casing surrounding the outer shell, and a series
of blast nozzles carried by the revoluble casing and adapted to register with the
fire tubes, substantially as specified.
5. In a boiler, a draught check consisting of a sand pocket and a blade or plate
suspended therein, free to move, while resisting the passage of air, substantially as
described.
6. The combination in a boiler of an outer casing, a series of I-posts secured
to said casing, and an incombustible non-conducting lining made in sections and
held between the flanges and webs of the I-posts, substantially as set forth.
7. The combination with a boiler and an outer casing, of a series of I-posts,
distance pieces between the I-posts and the outer casing, bolts to secure the casing
posts and distance pieces together, and an incombustible non-conducting lining
made in sections and supported by the I-posts; an air space being left between the
lining and the casing, substantially as specified.
8. In a boiler, the combination with an inner and an outer shell, of a series of
fire tubes connecting the two shells, the tubes being attached to the shells in
vertical rows, one vertical row of tubes on the inner shell making two vertical
rows on the outer shell, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
9. In a boiler, inner and outer shells and rows of horizontal fire tubes uniting
said shells, combined with an annular crowned ring joining the shells at their upper
ends, a conical crown sheet, and an outer casing, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 1st dow of May 1804
WILLIAM HARVEY BERRY.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.