CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING MACHINERY
Year: 1832

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
JELLICORSE, of Stansfeld Mill, in the County of York, Cotton Spinner, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing
date at Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of January, in the second year
of His reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said John Jellicorse, His especial licence, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said John Jellicorse, my exors, admors, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said John Jellicorse, my exors, admors, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING
MACHINERY;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the
said John Jellicorse, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more
fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Jellicorse, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,

page_text: and the manner in which the same is to be performed and carried into
effect, are described and clearly ascertained by the following description thereof,
together with the annexed Drawings, in which such parts as are herein-after
described are marked by certain letters and figures of reference, which letters
and figures of reference will be found to indicate the same parts in the various
Views throughout the Drawings, and a scale of dimensions to which the
Drawings have been made is marked thereon.
Before I commence a description of the annexed Drawings, I shall briefly
state the principle advantages to be obtained by the application of my "Certain
Improvements in Spinning Machinery," which I apply in the following descrip-
These advantages
tion to the well known machine called the "throstle."
consist in the greater steadiness of the spindle when revolving, and the removal
or obviating the necessity of any stationary guide or loop for the yarn or
thread between the front roller and the spindle, by which the amount of
breakage is much diminished, the great reduction of the weight of the spindle
from the peculiar arrangement and construction thereof, by which the power
required to drive a given number of spindles at the same speed is much
diminished, or which is the same thing, a given number of spindles on my
improved construction may be driven at a much greater speed than the same
number of spindles of the ordinary construction without a greater expendi-
ture of moving power to drive them. These advantages, together with some
others which I shall describe hereafter, constitute the object and nature of my
Invention of "Certain Improvements in Spinning Machinery."
In the annexed Drawings, Fig. 1 is a front view, and Fig. 2 an end view of
part of a throstle, in which a portion of the ordinary geering for driving the
drawing rollers of the machine is shewn, together with some other parts, for
the purpose of shewing the position in which I place my improvements, which
improvements are equally applicable to machines already constructed as to
those built for the express purpose.
In Figures 1 and 2, A, A, represent a portion of the end framing of a
throstle; B is the shaft of the front or delivering roller, and C the copping
rail, on which the bobbins E are supported and traversed up and down the
ordinary perpendicular direction during the process of filling with yarn.
It will be observed in these Drawings that there is no bolster rail or inter-
mediate support for the spindle between the copping rail and the point or step
on which it revolves; but that, unlike throstles of the ordinary construction
there is a bearing or support for the spindle above the flyer, and that the
driving warve or pulley is placed between the flyer and the upper bearing o
support, and it is the placing the driving pulley or warve so near to the uppe

page_text: bearing or support, together with the placing that support so near the extremity.
of the spindle, which enables me to run the spindles with so much less vibra-
tion than those of the ordinary construction, and also to use a much stronger
and heavier flyer (and thereby obviate the expansion of the arms of the flyer
when going at great speeds) without danger of materially increasing the
vibration of the spindle.
In Fig. 3 the spindle and other parts connected with it are shewn at the
full size, the letters therein indicating the same parts as in the former Views.
In this View it will be more clearly seen that the part of the spindle which
revolves in the upper support marked F is rather larger than the part of the
spindle marked I, immediately above the warve G; and on reference to the
plan of the part F, seen above the spindle, it will be seen that the circular
opening in which the spindle revolves is rather wider than the opening
marked H, so that when the spindle is placed as represented at Fig 3, it is
firmly supported in a perpendicular position by the part F. This arrange-
ment is for the purpose of facilitating the doffing or removing of the bobbins
from the spindles when required, and is effected in the following manner:-
As soon as the bobbin is filled, or required to be removed from the spindle,
the operator stops the bobbin by taking hold of the spindle with one hand, and
having slipped the band from off the warve G, raises the spindle perpendicu-
larly until the warve G comes in contact with the part F, at which time the
thick part of the spinille is removed above the part F, and the thinner part of
the spindle marked I being small enough to pass through the opening H, the
operator is enabled to incline the spindle in the position best seen by the red
line in Fig. 2, which enables him to disengage the bobbin which he receives
in his other hand, and replaces it with one nearly empty, having a few turns
left on it by the reeler for the purpose of piecing up. The spindle being
again replaced, as seen in Fig. 3, the band is then put in its former position
on the warve G, and the piecing effected, the process of spinning proceeds.
It will observed, that this arrangement for doffing is best executed when the
copping rail is at or near the bottom of its traverse, as it would otherwise
interfere with the removal of the lower point of the spindle from the step or
support in which it revolves. By reference to Figures 1 and 2, it will be seen
by the direction of the yarn from the front roller to the bobbin, that it passes
5 through the upper part of the spindle, which is constructed hollow for that
purpose, and coming out below the warve is carried round the arm of the
flyer in the ordinary manner, and thence to the bobbin. This construction of
spindle and flyer being so different from the ordinary construction in throstles,
I would state that I have found the operation of piecing performed most

page_text: conveniently by applying the mouth to the top of the spindle, and sucking
or drawing air into the lungs at the same time that the end of the yarn from
the bobbin is held to the small hole beneath the warve; by this action the end
of the yarn immediately comes into the mouth, and the piecing is easily effected.
In running the spindle at a speed above five thousand revolutions per minute,
the drag which I have found to answer best has been a continuous piece of
leather, as shewn in Fig. 3, placed along the copping rail, with holes in it to
permit the spindles to pass through, which prevents the leather from moving,
and the bottom of each bobbin covered with woollen cloth glued or fixed to the
bottom in a permanent manner.
Having described the nature and construction of my "Certain Improve-
ments in Spinning Machinery," as applied to the machine called the throstle,
I do not claim any of the well known movements or parts of that machine
which have been drawn for the purpose of shewing the position in which my
improvements are applied; but I do claim, as applied to the throstle and other
spinning and doubling machines to which it is applicable, my Invention of the
peculiar construction and arrangement of the spindle and parts connected
therewith, particularly the position of the warve on a throstle spindle sup-
ported at its two extremities in a perpendicular position, along with the
arrangement already described for effecting the doffing, all which I believe
to be new, and never before practised in this Kingdom.
In witness whereof. I, the said John Jellicorse, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand cickt hunded and think he