Improvements relating to Dynamo-electric Machines.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 13th July, 1887
Complete Left, 15th Feb., 1888
Complete Accepted, 13th Apr, 1888
Improvements relating to Dynamo-electric Machines.
1
I HUGH WATT, of the firm of H. Watt & Co., of 78 Queen Victoria Street, in the
County of Middlesex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to dynamo-electric machines and comprises various improve-
ments hereinafter set forth.
One feature of my said invention consists in the employment, in a machine of this
kind, of a single core of circular form and of large sectional area, which is preferably
wound on what is commonly known as the longshunt system, and which constitutes
the necessary magnetic fluid.
This core is placed at right angles to the armature spindle and is provided with
pole-pieces or polar extensions.
Another feature of my said invention consists in a novel construction of the
armature as follows, that is to say-On a suitable shaft or spindle is securely fixed
a former composed of non-magnetic material, preferably gun metal. This former has
flanges between which a large quantity of soft iron wire is wound, so that its point
of magnetic saturation shall only be attained when the dynamo-electric machine is
giving off a current in excess of that which it is designed to produce. The periphery
of the flanges of the said former are provided with serrations or slots or slits in which
are fixed pieces of insulating material to receive lateral copper bars to be connected
in any convenient manner.
My said invention, moreover, comprises an improved eloctro-magnet which may be
advantageously used to constitute the field of a dynamo-electric machine, and which
is constructed as hereinafter described, that is to say-The said magnet has a small
iron core, around which is wrapped or wound highly insulated copper wire preferably
of such length that it will be of very high resistance and will work economically. A
hollow cylinder of wrought or malleable cast iron of any convenient thickness is

page_text: placed over the said core and over the coil surrounding it, and highly insulated
copper wire is wound around the said cylinder; over this cylinder and the coil
surrounding it is placed another hollow cylinder of wrought or cast iron. Any
desired number of these concentrically arranged cylinders and coils or windings of
copper wire may he used, the number should vary according to the requirements of
each machine, moreover the thickness of iron in each cylinder should be increased
according to its distance from the centre of the magnet.
CT
1007
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements relating to Dynamo-electric Machines.
I, HUGH WATT, of the firm of H. Watt & Co., of 78 Queen Victoria Street, in the
County of Middlesex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to dynamo-electric machines and is designed to simplify the
construction and increase the efficiency of the same and to diminish the space occupied
thereby as compared with the dynamo-electric machines heretofore employed.
My said invention comprises various improvements hereinafter set forth.
In the accompanying drawings I have shown how my said invention may be con-
veniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, and
Figure 2 a front elevation of my improved dynamo-electric machine.
Figure 3 is a side elevation, partly in vertical longitudinal central section, of an
improved armature hereinafter described.
Figure 4 is an end elevation thereof partly in transverse section.
Figure 5 is a side elevation, partly in longitudinal central section, and
Figure 6 a transverse section of an improved electro-magnet hereinafter described.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
A is the base-plate of the dynamo-electric machine, B is the field-magnet, () is the
armature.
The magnet B is made with a single core a of circular or other suitable form in
transverse section and of large sectional area. This core is vertical and is at right
angles to the armature-spindle b. The magnet B is provided with pole-pieces or
polar extensions c, which are firmly attached to the core a by means of bolts d or
otherwise, or which may be formed in one piece with the said core.
The said magnet
is wound preferably upon what is commonly known as the long shunt system. By-
making the field-magnet in the manner above described with a single core and coil
situated on one side of the armature, I leave the space on the other side of the
armature clear, so that the machine will occupy less space than a dynamo-electric
machine provided with a magnet core and coil on each side of the armature.
In some instances, I make the field-magnet B with a core surrounded by a coil of
insulated wire and inserted with the said coil in one or more concentric cylinders,
tubes or casings each of which is surrounded by a coil of insulated wire, as hereinafter
set forth.
My improved armature is constructed as shown in Figures 3 and 4, that is to say,
on the shaft or spindle is securely fixed a drum or "former" e composed of non-
magnetic material, preferably gun-metal. This drum or
"former" has flanges f at
its ends, between which a large quantity of soft iron wire g is wound, or a number of
plates or discs of sheet iron are placed side by side, so that the point of magnetic
saturation shall only be attained when the dynamo-electric machine is giving off a
current in excess of that which it is designed to produce under ordinary conditions ;
heating of the parts is thus prevented. The flanges are formed with peripheral
grooves or channels in which are fixed pieces i of insulating material. Copper

page_text: bars are secured in the insulating material at suitable distances apart, and are to
be connected in any convenient manner with the commutator. These copper bars
take the place of the copper wire which is usually employed in armatures for dynamo-
electric machines.
The electro-magnet shown in Figures 5 and 6 is constructed as follows, that is to
say the said magnet has a small iron core upon which is wound a coil m of
highly insulated copper wire. This wire is preferably of such diameter and length
that it will be of very high resistance and will work economically. A hollow cylinder
or tube n of wrought or malleable cast iron of any convenient thickness is placed
over the core and over the coil m surrounding it, and a coil o of highly insulated
copper wire is wound upon the said cylinder n; over this cylinder n and coil o is
placed another hollow cylinder or tube p of wrought or cast iron. Any desired number
of these concentrically arranged cylinders and coils of insulated copper wire may be
used; the number should be varied according to the requirements of each machine.
It is, moreover, advantageous to make the thickness of iron in the cylinders greater
according to their distance from the centre of the magnet.
The said magnet has the different coils thereof wound in the same direction. The
said coils may be connected either in series or in multiple arc, and are, in some
instances, made of wires of different resistance. If desired I provide means whereby
their mode of connection may be varied to increase or diminish the resistance in the
circuit.
I sometimes connect the several coils with a commutator adjustable by hand or by
means of a regulator, so that one or other number of the said coils may be cut out of,
or put into the circuit according to the strength of magnet required. I can thus provide
for the supply of current to any desired number of sets of lamps or other apparatus
by means of a corresponding number of coils and cylinders on the said magnet.
It is obvious that the said coils and tubes may be of other shape than cylindrical,
and that I may, if desired, use any number of these magnets in a dynamo-electric
machine. My improved machine is provided with commutators and brushes of any
well-known or suitable description.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I wish it understood that
I claim
First. A dynamo-electric machine wherein the field-magnet consists of a single
core wound with insulated wire and placed at right angles to the armature-spindle
and provided with pole-pieces or polar extensions, substantially as, and for the purpose,
set forth.
Second. An armature comprising a drum or "former" of non-magnetic material
provided with flanges between which soft iron wire is wound or discs of iron are
placed, and in or upon which are secured insulated copper bars, substantially as
described with reference to Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings.
Third. A dynamo-electric machine constructed with one or more electro-magnets
each comprising a central core upon which are placed concentrically iron cylinders,
tubes or casings and coils of insulated wire substantially as described, the said coils
being coupled or connected as above specified.
Dated this 14th day of Februa1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.