IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1885

page_text: فود
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO SEWING MACHINES
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to sewing machines.
One object of the said invention is to provide a sewing machine having a positive
four-way feed motion in right lines, and which can be set to feed the work both to
and from the operator at will, and also be set to feed the work always from the
operator regardless of which way the driving-wheel may be turned.
Another object of the said invention is to provide for taking up and compen-
sating for all lost motion produced by wear, between the working parts of the
feed motion.
My invention has for another object, to provide a shuttle-carrier which will open
to receive the shuttle, and then can be closed upon it and encompass it, so as to
reduce its noisy jumping, and also prevent the thread from kinking and fouling, in
machines capable of sewing either way, when the direction of the shuttle may
be changed on an incompleted stitch, as would be the case if the ordinary carrier
was used. To this end the said invention consists partly in a shuttle-carrier
provided with a longitudinal latch having two contacts, to check the jump of the
shuttle, and an intermediate connecting thread-guide, whereby the passage of the
thread over the end of the shuttle at all times is ensured; the said carrier and
latch, to be used with or without an adjustable stop, controlling the distance to
which the latch approaches the carrier, to compensate for wear.
My invention further consists in a carrier and latch as herein before stated, in
combination with a stop on the under-side of the bed-plate to automatically close
down the latch on the carrier, should the operator forget to do so.
Regarding the shuttle portion of my invention, it refers directly to shuttles
which are cylindrical, and has for its object, to provide a shuttle which will be
cheaply made, easily threaded, and have extended wear on the tension holes ; and
Prine 1o 1021
:

page_text: to this end my invention, so far as the shuttle is concerned, consists first, in a
shuttle in combination with a tension-spring, having the metal of said spring
punched or, doubled back around the hole so as to produce a double round-edged
thickness of metal in the spring, to form a bearing surface for the thread to pass
over, as it runs from the bobbin; secondly, in a slotted screw in combination
with an end of the tension-spring, whereby the end of the tension-spring is raised
and lowered positively, in contradistinction to the rebound of the spring raising
the spring; and thirdly, in sundry details of construction, all of which will be
hereinafter fully described.
In relation to the take-up mechanism of my improved sewing machine, my
invention consists in a pivotted take-up arm in combination with a cam on the end
of the needle-bar rock-shaft for operating the said take-up arm, whereby a positive
motion is imparted to it, the cam baving either a rigid or elastic bearing surface.
In the thread controlling devices of my improved sewing machine my invention
provides a tension-spring which has great elasticity within minimum dimensions,
and which can be secured to the head of the machine and adjusted with ease and
economy, and to this end my invention consists of a wire spring having one end
free, through which the tension is applied and wound in the coils, so that the other
end of the wire, to which a resisting fastening is applied, will lie in about the
same plane with the free end, The tension end can thereby work closely against
the face to which the spring is secured, as hereinafter fully described.
To provide for the contingencies of wear in the shuttle-lever journal, I have
provided a journal bearing wherein the lost motion due to the wearing away of
the surfaces can be taken up and a true bearing maintained. In this particular
respect my invention consists of a tapering bearing and a journal, in combination
with an intervening sleeve, having its exterior surface tapering in two directions,
and the shuttle-lever as hereinafter fully described.
In order that the said invention may be well understood I will proceed to
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved machine.
Figure 2 is a bottom plan view of the bed-plate of the machine and attached
mechanisms.
Figure 3 is a detail elevation of the stitch controlling device.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the feed-bar, feed-points, and raising and lowering
cam, the driving-shaft being in section.
Figure 5 is a bottom plan of the feed-bar, its fastenings and driving shaft.
Figure 6 is a side elevation of the bar and cam for working the lever that
reciprocates the feed-bar.
Figure 7 is a plan of the same bar shown in Figure 6, and a sectional view of
the mechanism to change the function of the cam that operates the bar.
Figure 8 is an end view of a sleeve on the driving-shaft provided with a pin to
change the function of the cam which reciprocates the feed-bar.
Figure 9 is an end view of the hub on the cam to reciprocate the feed-bar, and
a section through the hub and cam.
Figure 10 is a plan and section of the vibrating lever that moves the feed-bar.
Figure 11 shows details of the movable pivot on which the vibrating lever
oscillates.
Figure 12 is a top view of the shuttle carrier, closed.
Figure 13 is a side elevation with the carrier closed.
Figure 14 is a vertical, sectional view on the line x x of Figure 12.
Figure 15 is a side elevation with the carrier open, showing the end opposite to
that in Figure 13.
Figure 16 is a vertical, sectional view on the line yy of Figure 18.
Figure 17 is a bottom view of the carrier.
Figure 18 is a top view of the carrier, opened.
Figure 19 illustrates a plan and section of the stop on the bed-plate to automa-
tically close the latch. the bed late haine shown hath in alan ni anation

page_text: Figure 20 18 an enlarged view of the top of the carrier-laten in perspective, and
removed from the carrier, looking toward the shuttle point end.
Figure 21 is an enlarged view of the bottom of the carrier-latch in perspective,
and looking toward the shuttle-heel end.
Figure 22 is an enlarged view of the carrier open and the shuttle within it.
Figure 23 is an enlarged view of the carrier closed and the shuttle within it.
Figures 24 and 25, illustrate a modification of the shuttle-carrier.
Figure 26 is a plan view of the shuttle.
Figure 27 is a vertical, sectional view of the same.
Figure 28 is a plan view of the shuttle tension-spring.
Figure 29 is a section on the line xx of Figure 28.
Figure 30 illustrates sections on the lines y y and zz of Figure 28.
Figure 31 is a plan view, of the shuttle with the tension-spring removed.
Figure 32 is a bottom plan view of the shuttle.
Figures 33, 34 and 35 are details of the construction of the shuttle.
Figure 36 is an elevation of the head of the sewing machine, with the face-plate
removed, showing the cam-arm to operate the take-up.
Figure 37 is an inside view, in elevation, of the removed face-plate and take-up
arm.
Figure 38 is an elevation of the head of the machine, with the face-plate broken
away, and exposing the take-up lever and operating arm.
Figure 39 is a vertical section on the line y y of Figure 38.
Figure 40 is a horizontal section on the line xx of Figure 36.
Figure 41 is a horizontal section on the line of Figure 36.
Figure 42 shows details of the cam-arm.
Figure 43 shows details of the take-up arm.
Figure 44 shows details of the crank-lever when made separate from the take-
up arm.
Figure 45 is an interior view of the head of the machine with the presser foot-
bar cut away and the take-up lever removed, showing a modification of the
take-up operating cam, wherein the cam-face is provided with a spring contact to
compensate for wear.
Figure 46 is a view of the reverse of the face-plate, showing the take-up lever
attached in this modification.
Figure 47 is a view of the head of the machine having the face-plate broken
away, and showing the take-up lever of the modification connected with the
operating mechanism.
Figure 48 is an end elevation of the cam-head on the end of the needle-bar
rock-shaft.
Figure 49 is an enlarged side elevation of the improved thread-controlling
tension-spring secured to the bottom of the head of the machine, which is shown
in section.
Figure 50 is a bottom plan view of the said tension-spring attached.
Figure 51 is a bottom plan view of a modification of the tension-spring.
Figure 52 is a sectional view of the spring, showing the manner in which it is
coiled.
Figure 53 is a bottom plan.view of the shuttle-lever journal or pivot.
Figure 54 is a vertical, sectional view of the same.
Figure 55 is a plan view on the side opposite to that shown in Figure 53.
Figure 56 is a vertical, sectional view of the conical sleeve of the shuttle-lever
bearing.
Figure 57 is a plan view of the same.
Figure 58 is a side elevation of the said conical sleeve.
Figure 59 is a cross-sectional view on line xx Figure 58.
Figure 60 is an elevation of the spindle or journal.
Figure 61 is a cross-sectional view on line yy of Figure 60.
Figure 62 is a cross sectional view on line y y of Figure 60.

page_text: In the said drawings A is the bed-plate of the machine and B is the driving-
shaft.
On the driving-shaft by means of set screw 2 is adjustably secured a sleeve B¹
through which passes a plunger or pin 611 having a short rectangular lever 61111 on
its outer or protruding end to engage in notches n n' of different depths and retract
the pin against spring n" when desirable for a purpose hereinafter set out.
On driving-shaft B adjacent to sleeve B' is the came which, through inter-
mediate connections reciprocates the feed-bar. This cam is provided with a
. cylindrical hub e¹ the end of which is cut away to a short depth around one half
of the face, forming a depression e", having at one end the semi-circular shoulder e¹¹
and at the other end a hole 611 of a proper size to receive and engage with the
inner end of the pin 6111, whereby the hub and attached cam and sleeve B may be
locked together for a purpose hereinafter set out.
•
The cam e lies between two downwardly projecting adjustable arms o, c, secured
to a pitman-bar E which passes on one side of the shaft without touching it and
against which arms said cam strikes to move bar E back and forth, the bar E
touching neither the cam or the shaft. The arms chave rectangular slotted
heads c¹ through the 'slots of which pass screws securing the arms to bar E and the
slots afford a ready means of setting up the arms to the cam to compensate for
wear. The bar E has one end sustained in a box ell secured to the bed-plate, said
box having a central adjusting screw e" which bears against an interior loose flat
gib or plate e on which rests the end of bar E, the feeding forward of the screw eð
serving to push the gib against the bar E and bring it to a bearing in order to
compensate for wear. The other end of bar E rests on the top of one end of the
vibrating lever H and engages with it by means of stud h and hole h¹ the other
end of said lever H being provided with a slot h³ which engages a vibrating button
or stugg on one end of the feed-bar E. The stitch changing bar G carries the
movable fulcrum, around which lever H vibrates. This fulcrum consists of a box I,
which straddles bar G and fits exactly over the edges of lever H, the said box being
secured to bar G by means of a headed screw about which the box vibrates.
Interposed between bar G and lever H is a gib against the lower side of which
bears a screw 2¹, which passes through the centre of screw i tapped for that
purpose, and is provided with a jam-nut. Turning screw i, inward forces gib¿¹¹
against lever H and always brings it up so as to make the bearing perfect and
thereby compensate for wear. The change in the position of the movable fulcrum
by the longitudinal movement of the bar G determines the length of the throw of
the feed-bar, and consequently the length of the stitch, after the well known
manner in such devices, with the exception that at the longest throw of the feed-
bar the movable fulcrum is at the centre of the lever H so that whatever be the
length of stitch I at all times maintain a powerful leverage to throw the feed-bar.
The feed-bar F is sustained and slides in rectangular supports or hangers fl
secured to the race-rib by headed screws passing through slots 4, 4, the slots
enabling a ready adjustment of the bearings of the feed-bar against the rib, whilst
gibs 5, 5, inserted between the hangers and the lower face of the feed-bar, and set
up by screws 6, 6, allow a vertical adjustment of the feed-bar to take up lost
notion or for other purposes.
The feed-points F1 are secured to a sliding block F11 which moves independently
in vertical ways 7, 7, in the feed-bar and is actuated by cam f on the driving-shaft.
In a recess in block F" is a movable contact f¹¹, for cam f to strike, controlled by
a screw f¹¹ to feed it downward in order to take up lost motion.
It will be observed that in so far as the pitman-bar E is concerned it has no
direct contact with the driving-shaft, and can e only touches the arms c, c, thereby
avoiding any wear whatever on the shaft or cams that cannot be compensated for
by setting up said arms c, c.
The pin 6 is of such a length as to enter well into hole 6 and yet not touch
the bottom and crowd the cam to one side. The cam is kept from slipping out of

page_text: place by a flange t made on bar E as well as by the hub e', if a hub be used, but
other well known means as a collar and set screw may be used on the shaft for the
same purpose without départing from the spirit of my invention. It is obvious
that the sleeve B¹ may be made integral with the driving-shaft without departing
from the spirit of my invention and also that hole 6" and recess ell may be made
directly in the face of the cam instead of in an intervening hub e¹.
When the pin b¹¹ has its lever 6 turned to drop into the deepest notch n in
sleeve B¹ the spring n" throws the inner end of the pin into the hole 6 in hub e¹.
The sleeve B¹ being fixed to the driving-shaft, this operation locks the cam e on
the shaft rigidly, without any lost motion, and in such a position that the centre
radius of its working arc lies exactly at right angles to the centre radius of the
working are of the lifting and depressing cam f. In this position the cams will
feed the goods in time towards the operator when the driving-wheel is thrown
towards the operator and feed the goods in time from the operator when the
driving-wheel is turned from the operator.
When it is desired to always feed the goods from the operator, regardless of the
direction of the rotation of the driving-shaft, the pin b is withdrawn from hole bu,
and lever bu is turned into the shallower notch n¹ leaving the inner end of the
pin 6111 projecting into the depression el, so that hub e¹ can move freely in either
direction one half a revolution, until it brings up either against shoulder e¹ll or the
shoulder e at hole b¹. When the driving-shaft is now turned in one direction
the friction checks the cam until the end of the pin abuts against the shoulder 6111
when the cam e is carried along with the shaft by contact with the pin, at a point
quartering exactly across the position of cam f and the machine feeds from the
operator in time. When the driving-shaft is rotated in the opposite direction
the friction checks came for half a revolution until the end of the pin 6 strikes
the shoulder eat hole 6", and carries said cam along quartering in the opposite
direction from that maintained whilst the pin was against shoulder ell and also
quartering exactly across cam f and in a position, consequently, to still feed the
work from the operator in time.
From the foregoing description in detail, it will be seen that I provide a four-
motion feed, the motions being positive and absolutely in straight lines at right
angles; and that complete means are shown whereby wearing away of surfaces
can be compensated for. I am aware that a fourway rectilinear feed has heretofore
been made, but in such cases the feed-bar has actuated in one or more of the
directions by a spring or springs. The use of springs precludes the possibility of
feeding in opposite directions in exactly the same time (which is accomplished in
my invention) for the reason that a spring is not sufficiently strong to move the
goods, and if such a spring did move the goods its recovery would not be quick
enough to move the feed-bar in precisely the same time that the positive
mechanism moves it and therefore the feed would not be in the same time in each
direction.
I will now proceed to describe, in detail, the shuttle-carrier of my improved
sewing machine.
In the said drawings A' is the shuttle-lever of my improved sewing machine, to
the end of which is adjustably secured the shank a of the carrier B¹¹. This carrier
is made of a plate, narrow at the end b where the shuttle-point rests, and gradually
widening to the end 6 where it is turned at a right angle and forms an abut-
ment du for the heel of the shuttle.
By means of a stud d at the point-end and a screw d³ at the heel-end forming
pivots, there is secured to the carrier two rectangularly bent ends of a shuttle
holding latch C, which has a movement in the arc of a circle over that side of the
carrier remote from the race, so that it can be made to approach and recede from
the shuttle; and the nearness of such approach is controlled by means of a set
screw d passing through the heel-end of the latch and impinging upon the edge
of abutment d

page_text: The details of the form of the working portion of the shuttle-latch are as
follows:-
Commencing at the heel-end the body of the latch is broadened and peaked as
seen at c¹¹ the peak being bent slightly downward immediately over the heel as
seen at to form a contact which the heel of the shuttle strikes. From the heel
contact the latch is suddenly narrowed and made slightly tortional, so that its
inner edge from g¹ to g¹¹ lies just over the line of the back of the shuttle, and
dropping as it approaches the point. Close to the point beginning at g¹¹ the latch
is again broadened and curved downwardly longitudinally, to form contact a¹ for
the point of the shuttle to strike. The space allowed between, the latch and the
shuttle is just sufficient for the free passage of the thread around the point, body
and heel of the shuttle, and, as before indicated, can be controlled either for
adjustment or to take up wear by set screw d¹¹.
When the latch C is thrown back to place the shuttle in the carrier it is necessary,
or desirable, that it should remain retracted until the operator has properly located
the shuttle, and when closed it must remain closed; and this I accomplish in the
following manner :-
t
The bent end of the latch, at the heel-end of the carrier, which is pivotted on
screw d¹ is cut with a square lower edge n¹¹ upon which bears normally, when the
latch is closed, the end of a flat steel spring S rivetted or secured at t to the
bottom of the shuttle-carrier, The pressure of the spring.S on the edge n keeps
the latch closed. When the latch is retracted or forced back the edge n acting
after the manner of a cam, forces down the end of spring S until the point of
contact has passed the centre, when the latch will remain open until thrown past
the centre again.
It might happen that the operator would forget to close down the latch C before
starting the machine and thereby injure it by striking the plate. To provide
against such a contingency, I have secured to the under side of the bed-plate a
curved wedge shaped lump or stop T directly in the path of the travel of the
carrier-latch and against which it will ride and gradually and smoothly be closed,
as will be obvious from the illustration shown in Figure 19. Experiment shows
me that for the successful holding of the shuttle and conduction of the thread
around the point, that it is not absolutely necessary that both contacts should be
on the latch which performs the function both of holding the shuttle and conducting
the thread. I have therefore shown in Figures 24 and 25 a modification of the
carrier wherein one of the contact points his secured rigidly to the carrier, whilst
the latch passes back and forth over its end. This construction may sometimes
be found to be desirable as the latch still performs the function of the thread
conductor or guide, which is the prominent feature of this particular element of my
invention.
I will now proceed to describe in detail, the construction of the shuttle of my
improved sewing machine.
In the said drawing A" is the body of the shuttle, cylindrical in general form,
and having its point and heel at a¹¹, a, dressed into a curve conforming to the
race, and a curved slot for a thread-race and a straight slot r communicating with
the curved slot outwardly at the heel.
In the interior of the shuttle and at the point is a cylindrical recess 7" in which
is placed a spring plunger 11 designed to bear with a spring pressure on one end
of the bobbin B₁₁, the other end being held by the heel-latch C¹ when it is closed.
The tension-spring E is struck from steel about in the shape shown in Figure 28
one end e' being bifurcated to engage a grooved or slotted screw D to adjustably
secure one end of the spring to the shuttle near the point. The spring E is struck
with an extension piece E' which is doubled back at j against the bottom of the
spring to form a bearing for the pintle of the hinge which secures the heel-
latch C to the shuttle, and said extension E" is also provided with a headed
pin f, designed to be pushed into slot d as the spring E¹ is placed, and secure
the end of the tension-spring and the heel-latch to the shuttle in a yielding manner

page_text: through that portion of the extension E" and spring between the headed pin f
and the hinge. The latch is provided with a small bevelled lug g, which enters
a hole in the shuttle shell at the moment that a lug brings up against the
bottom of a slot in the edge of the shell and prevents the latch from passing
too far inwardly.
The tension spring E is provided with three thread holes 12, 13, 14 the hole 12
being prolonged into a slot, the end of which rests over a depression 15, in the
shuttle to facilitate passing the thread downwardly through said hole 12. The
holes 13 and 14 are joined by means of a triangular slot 2, for a purpose herein-
after set out, and the peak or point of metal within the angle of this slot is struck
down slightly below the plane of the body of the spring.
By this construction of spring and thread-holes, I am enabled to thread three
tension-holes and thereby get a non-variable tension and at the same time only
have to pass the thread endwise through one of the thread-holes. The thread is
always in this shuttle carried from the thread-race r over the edge of the spring
and passed end-wise downward through the hole 12 and slot; the end of the thread
is then brought so there is a tension on it towards the point of the shuttle and the
bight of the thread runs into hole 12, proper, and the thread passes behind the
point of the downwardly spring angular tongue; and the thread then is drawn
outwardly riding up over the downwardly spring angular tongue and runs up
through the spring out of hole 14 and down again through hole 13 and across the
shuttle-shell. It will be seen that however the thread may be withdrawn from the
bobbin, there will always be on it the unvariable pressure of the spring from
hole 12 to hole 14.
When loose bobbins are used in shuttles, the thread feeds off the bobbin so as
not to materially change tension as the coils run off from end to end. It is highly
desirable to have the bobbin sustained by end spring pressure to avoid loose coils
running off within the shuttle, but the use of such spring pressure has heretofore
been detrimental because of the unequal pull on the thread as the coils left the
bobbin at different points of its length, and to compensate for this unequal pull
I have combined in my improved shuttle an end spring pressure device, for holding
the bobbin, with a curved thread-race, whereby the movement of the thread over
the curvilinear surface prevents the coils running off the hobbin faster than the
thread is used and equalizes the pull of the thread from end to end of the bobbin.
In proper sequence,-I will now describe in detail the construction of the take-
up mechanism of my improved sewing machine whereby the take-up arm is
actuated by a positive motion.
In the said drawings H¹ is the take-up lever having on its end a crank-lever H
and pivotted to the face-plate L by a shouldered screw 7 around which it freely
vibrates. The end of the crank-lever H₁ has in it a pin on which is an anti-
friction roller. The rock-shaft I' is provided with an arm or piece I" in which
is cut a curved slot m of such a width as to fit roller. The curved or cam slot m
is cut on a true curve, drawn on a radius from the centre of the rock-shaft, for
about two thirds of its length, the other third turning abruptly away from the
centre. When the face-plate is fitted to the head of the machine, the roller (11
enters the cam-slot m and as the rock-shaft vibrates arm I" the roller runs up and
down the slot m and actuates the take-up arm, or lever H³, through the medium
of crank-arm H. This construction of the slot causes the take-up lever to stand
still an instant, whilst it is at its lowest point, before it starts upward and whilst
the shuttle passes through the loop.
In the modification of the take-up mechanism illustrated in Figures 45 to 48
inclusive the cam-alot exercises a spring pressure on the pin or stud that enters it.
The curved end of piece I" is slotted as shown in dotted lines at d³ to receive a
curved spring piece or arm I forming the other face k¹ of the cam-slot. Behind
the slot d the piece I is bored as seen at cul to receive a coiled spring which is
compressed in the hole and has its outer end bearing against the lower end of
piece I below the pivot k which holds piece I'll in the slot d³. The constant

page_text: pressure of the spring in hole 1111 against the lower end of piece 1111 forces that
portion of piece I forming face k¹ toward face k¹ and contracts the width of the
cam-slot as seen in Figure 45 in the absence of any obstacle in the cam-slot to
prevent it.
The wrist, of the crank-arm H" on the take-up lever H¹ which is secured
to the face-pläte L, being inserted in cam-slot m see Figure 47 the spring pressure
on arm I constantly presses the wrist and its anti-friction roller against the
working-face k and prevents any lost motion, due to wearing of the cam-face and
consequently avoids rattling of the parts.
The tension-spring, acting as the thread-controller in my improved sewing
machine, is constructed as follows.
In the said drawings D₁ represents the bottom of the head of a sewing machine
in which is cut a cylindrical recess DII to receive the coils of the spring through
which pass a bolt J having a screw J¹ at its lower end which enters a tapped hole
at the bottom of a recess D¹¹¹ and holds the spring in place against the head of the
machine.
The spring is made as follows; commencing at end p leaving length sufficient to
create a fastening by turning down the extreme end at a right angle as shown, a
coil K is made of a desired length, and then an exterior coil K' is continued back
around the interior coil K to a point where the first and last bends of the two coils
lie in the same plane, and the spring-bar or end K" is in the same plane and
substantially opposite to the fastening or stationary end p of the spring.--The
outer end of spring-bar K" is provided with a bent eye p¹ or other desirable
engaging device.
This construction of spring enables me to secure it adjustably with great
economy in construction so it will work closely to a flat surface.
In the plate or head to which the spring is secured I provide a series of
holes p p equi-distant from the centre of screw J¹ into one of which the bent
rectangular end of end p of the wire is thrust when the spring is placed and
screw-bolt J, J¹ set. The changing of the end p from one hole p¹¹ to another
changes the tension on the spring in a given throw of the eye p¹.
In the modification shown in Figure 51, the secured end of the spring is provided
with an eye p¹¹ to receive a pin which passes into one of the holes p¹¹.
In this instance I have illustrated the spring as attached to the lower face of
the head of the sewing machine immediately above the needle, and acting as a
thread-controller, the thread passing through loop or eye p² before passing to the
needle-eye; but it is evident that the construction of the spring described and
claimed may be applied to other parts of sewing machines, as a tension device
without departing from the spirit of my invention and that the end of the interior
coil may be secured in various ways.
Finally I will now describe the details of construction of the shuttle-lever pivot
or bearing in my improved sewing machine.
In the said drawings (Figures 53 to 62 inclusive) N is the spindle attached to
the bed-plate and M is the bearing or box attached to the shuttle-lever A' having
its interior tapered as shown at t. Between the journal and the bearing is 4
inserted a sleeve R having its interior surface conforming to the shape of the
journal and its exterior surface tapering from 0 to 0¹ to conform to the taper of
the interior of the bearing M.
The tapering sleeve is secured to the journal by means of a set screw 8 which
passes through a tapped hole 9 and into a slot 10 in the journal, or the slot may i
be omitted, if desired, and the set screw be made to abut against the surface of
the spindle. So far as described the construction enables me to advance the
tapering sleeve into the tapering bearing to compensate for the wear which occurs
only between the tapering surfaces.
If the sleeve from O to its larger end, was a true cylinder the wear upon it &
would be certain to create a shoulder or jog along the line of the edge of the

page_text: bearing. Such a shoulder would destroy the efficiency of the sleeve for the reason
that it would make an irregular bearing when the tapering sleeve is advanced.
To avoid this difficulty I take the sleeve from O to its larger end O¹¹ in a less
degree than the taper of the bearing surface.
In order to successfully advance the tapering sleeve into the tapering bearing
there must be no obstruction to the advance of the small end O', otherwise, the
abutting of the smaller end against any obstacle would require said end to
wear away with sufficient rapidity to allow the sleeve to be advanced. This
would not occur, and to provide against such an obstacle to practical operation I
either cut away a portion of the bearing as seen at t¹¹ to form a chamber into
which the tapering sleeve passes as it is advanced, or allow the sleeve to project
entirely through the bearing so no obstruction is offered to the advance of said
Bleeve.
The chamber formed by cutting away the bearing as shown at t I use as an oil
receptacle, and provide the outer surface of the tapering sleeve with grooves m¹
opening into the oil receptacle to conduct the oil between wearing surfaces.
The set screw enables me to change the relation of the sleeve around the shaft
at any time if it is discovered that the bearing surfaces are wearing evenly.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my foreign Correspondent I declare that what I claim is
First. In a four-way feed for sewing machines, the feed-bar, in combination
with ways for supporting it, a driving shaft, connecting devices and a cam to
move said feed-bar positively in direct lines to and from the operator, and feed
points actuated in a line crossing the line of travel of the feed-bar substantially as
set forth.
Second. In a feed mechanism for sewing machines, the cam e for reciprocating
the feed-bar, having hole 611, and semi-circular depression e¹¹¹, in combination with
the stationary sleeve B', provided with movable pin 6111, and the driving-shaft. B,
substantially as described.
Third. In a sewing machine feed mechanism, the pitman-bar E, passing to one
side of the shaft, in combination with two contact arms c, o, cam e, to reciprocate
the feed-bar F, and operating mechanism connecting the feed-bar and pitman-bar E,
substantially as set forth.
Fourth. The stitch regulating-bar G, and vibrating lever H, in combination with
box I, flat gibi, screw i, and screw i¹ passing through screw i, and abutting against
gib, all constructed arranged and operated as described.
Fifth. The driving-shaft B, sleeve B¹, provided with notches n n¹, spring-pin 6111,
cam e, provided with hole 6, and depression ell, pitman-rod E having adjustable
contact arms c, c, vibrating lever H, provided with a movable fulcrum feed-bar F,
and stitch-regulating-bar G, all constructed arranged and operated as set forth.
Sixth. A shuttle-latch for sewing machines having two distinct contacts for the
shuttle to strike and an intermediate thread-guide bar, in combination with the
carrier B, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Seventh. The shuttle-carrier B, having its heel-end turned up to form
abutment 61, in combination with latch C, screw d¹¹, and spring S, to regulate
the relation between the carrier and the latch, substantially as specified.
Eighth. In combination with the shuttle-carrier, the latch C pivotted to the end
of the carrier at dd, and having the broadened, peaked portion or contact c", bent
slightly at cl, the narrow, tortional bar gl to gl, and the broadened downwardly
curved portion or contact a¹ all constructed as set forth.
Ninth. In a sewing machine shuttle the spring E¹, provided with a hole or holes
having the edges doubled back, substantially as described.
Tenth. In a sewing machine shuttle, spring E', having the extension E", doubled
back on the body to engage the latch-hinge, substantially as set forth,

page_text: Eleventh. Spring E', having the extension E¹, doubled back on the body aud
provided with headed pin f1, in combination with the shuttle body A", provided
with the slot 11, substantially as described.
Twelfth. Spring E¹ having a bifurcated end e in combination with grooved
screw D, and shuttle body A, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Thirteenth. The heel-latch C¹, yieldingly secured and provided with stop-lug j¹¹,
and bevelled fastening-lug gl, in combination with the heel of the shuttle-case,
having slot, and hole g, substantially as described.
Fourteenth. In a sewing machine shuttle, the combination of spring devices,
substantially as described, for holding the bobbin endwise, with a curvilinear
thread-race as set forth.
Fifteenth. The shuttle-case A¹, provided with the curved slot r, in combination
with the slot r¹, connecting the curved slot out through the heel, substantially as
and for the purpose described.
Sixteenth. The rock-shaft I¹, provided with arm I", in which is cut a cam-slot m,
in combination with the take-up lever H¹ and a crank-arm H to connect the
take-up lever with arm I substantially as specified.
Seventeenth. The piece I¹¹, on to the end of the needle-bar rock-shaft and
provided with a cam-slot m, in combination with the pivotted piece I¹¹¹, having a
constant spring pressure applied to it substantially as described.
Eighteenth. The tension-spring having the interior coil K, and oppositely wound
exterior coil K¹, in combination with a sustaining plate provided with recess D¹¹¹,
and the holding screw J, J', substantially as set forth.
Nineteenth. In a sewing machine shuttle-lever pivot, the bearing M, having a
tapered interior, and the shaft N, in combination with the intermediate sleeve R,
having its exterior surface tapering in two directions substantially as set forth.
Twentieth. The spindle N, and a tapering sleeve R in combination with an open
bearing t, substantially as described.