Improvements in Gas or other Hydro-carbon Motors.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 23rd June, 1888
Complete Accepted, 27th July, 1888
Improvements in Gas or other Hydro-carbon Motors.
I, CHRISTOPHER THOMAS WORDSWORTH, of 4 Corporation Street, Manchester in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
:-
This invention relates to improvements in gas or other hydro-carbon motors, and
has for its object, firstly to overcome the back pressure hitherto experienced in such
motors, and secondly to provide means for admitting the gas or liquid hydro-carbon
in suitable quantities, for the purpose of increasing the efficiency of such motors.
The invention consists in employing two cylinders which shall be hereinafter termed
the working and charge cylinders, with pistons moving freely in them, and connected
by suitable rods to a crank or cranks on a crank shaft, mounted in bearings, preferably
carried by a diagonal frame or bed plate.
The relative position of the two cylinders causes the charge piston to move in
advance of the working piston.
The rod which connects the working piston to the crank, has formed near to its
end an eye or hole for the reception of a pin.
This pin couples the end of the connecting rod to charge piston by means of a
suitable fork, or other suitable means, thus moving simultaneously through one crank.
A separate crank may be used for the charge cylinder if deemed necessary.
The latter has an arrangement of port or ports formed in its waist or cast therein,
which lead through and into a reservoir placed in or formed on the frame or bed
plate.
The position of these ports, is such that when motion is given to the charge piston
in the direction of the crank shaft, they become uncovered at a certain part of the
stroke, and on the return stroke of the same become covered.
The working and charge cylinders are connected by a pipe or ports, placed between
them, the end of which nearest to the working cylinder, leads to a cylindrical chamber,
containing a beat valve, which passes into the working cylinder by means of a port or
passage.
This valve has a small piston secured to its spindle, moving in a small cylinder
prepared for it.

page_text: The spindle of this valve passes outwards, and is attached to a spring in compression,
which causes the valve to be pressed to its seat.
The said valve is periodically moved by any suitable means and permits the combus-
tible charge to pass from the pipe or charge cylinder into the working cylinder, when
making an effective stroke, and when not operated upon by the governor, but it
remains at rest when under such operation.
The aforesaid pipe or ports has an opening with a suitable face formed thereon to
admit the combustible charge, the face of this port has attached to it, a valve casing,
containing a lift valve which opens inwards. The seating of this valve has a number
of holes, some of which lead to a channel and onto a gas regulator, others, when so
desired lead to a series of small passages, and chamber or air column, and also to a
regulator or tap, serving for the admission of liquid, hydro-carbon when required.
The working cylinder has a port or ports suitably arranged for the purpose of
allowing the exhaust gas to escape to the atmosphere.
This exhaust port may have a valve casing bolted to its face, having a piston valve,
which may be moved from any part of the engine.
When the engine is turned by hand or otherwise, and making an effective stroke,
the relative position of the two cylinders causes the charge piston to move in advance
of the working piston.
When the charge piston is moving towards the crank it draws into its cylinder,
through the pipe, and through the lift valve a combustible charge, until the piston
uncovers a port or ports leading to a chamber or reservoir, so that the remaining
portion of the stroke re-expands on an increased volume, or in some cases slightly in
tension below the atmosphere.
When the charge piston makes its return stroke, very little increase of pressure
occurs, until the charge piston covers the port or ports leading to the reservoir.
About this time, the charge is permitted to pass into the working cylinder, but the
time for its admission may be varied.
The ignition of the charge in the working cylinder is effected by any well known
means.
Dad this 00 1
Avement 1007

page_text: Improvements in Gas or other Hydro-carbon Motors.
I, CHRISTOPHER THOMAS WORDSWORTH of 4 Corporation Street Manchester in the
County of Lancashire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in gas or liquid hydro-carbon motors parts
of which are applicable to various types of liquid hydro-carbon motors and has for its
object, firstly to overcome the back pressure hitherto experienced in such motors, and
secondly, to provide means for admitting the gas or liquid hydro-carbon in suitable
quantities for the purpose of increasing the efficiency of such motor.
And in order that this invention may be fully understood I have caused to be
appended hereunto one sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference indicating
like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation showing my improvements applied, and Figs. 2. 3 & 4
are vertical sections showing the application of the air column or chamber to a lift
valve or slide, on enlarged scale. Fig. 5 is a diagram in reference to Fig. 1 of the
working crank path.
The invention consists in employing two cylinders a & b, which shall be hereinafter
termed the working and charge cylinders, with pistons moving freely in them, and
connected by rods to a crank or cranks c, on a crank shaft c mounted in bearings,
preferably carried by a diagonal frame or bed-plate d.
The relative position of the two cylinders a & b, causes the charge piston 61 to
move in advance of the working piston a', when moving in the direction of the arrow
shown.
The rod which connects the working piston a¹ to the crank c, has formed near to its
end, an eye or hole for the reception of a pin, not shown. This pin couples the end
of the connecting rod to charge piston b' by a fork or other suitable means, thus moving
simultaneously through one crank. A separate crank may be used for the charge
cylinder b if deemed necessary.
The latter has an arrangement of port or ports e formed in its waist or cast
therein, which lead through and into a reservoir f placed in or formed on the frame or
bed plate d.
The position of these ports e is such that when motion is given to the charge piston
in the direction of the crank shaft c¹ they become uncovered at a certain part of the
stroke, and on the return stroke, become covered.
The working and charge cylinders a &b are connected by a pipe or ports g placed
between them, the end of which nearest to the working cylinder a leads to a cylindrical
chamber h, containing a beat valve, which passes the charge into the working cylinder a,
through a port or passage. This valve has a piston secured to its spindle, moving in a
cylinder prepared for it.
The spindle of this valve passes outwards, and is attached to a spring in compression
which causes the valve to be pressed to its seat.
The said valve is periodically moved by any suitable means and permits the

page_text: combustible charge to pass from the pipo y or charge cylinder into the working
cylinder a when making an effective stroke, and when not operated upon by the
governor i, but it remains at rest when under such operation.
The aforesaid pipe or ports has an opening with a movable face formed thereon
to admit the combustible charge, the face of this port has attached to it a valve casing k
containing a lift valve 1, see Fig. 2, which opens inwards.
The seating of this valve 7 at point is formed with a hole or holes m, which leads
to a series of small passages, and chamber or air column n, and also to a
regulator or tap n², which admits the liquid hydro-carbon in suitable quantities when
required.
This lift valve has formed on its upper end, a small piston o moving in a cylinder o¹
which forms part of the valve casing and which piston o is operated during the suction
stroke of the charge piston 61 by being brought into communication with its cylinder b
and the pipe or port by pipe .
The stem of the valve which is hollow, forms the said air chamber or column n,
and facilitates the admission of liquid hydro-carbon in measured quantities, through the
supplementary valve pand passages m', and regulator n'.
The supplementary valve p is just clear of its seat so as to cut off the supply from
regulator n¹ and passage m to the air chamber n or column, at once, on the valve 7 being
lifted, when the slightly pressed up liquid charge is then ejected through the passage pl
into pipe or port g, where it mixes with a volume of air admitted through a valve g¹
suitably placed.
In some cases the communication between the cylinder o¹ and pipe or port g may be
cut off by suitable mechanism controlled by the action of the governor.
Figs. 3 & 4 show the air chamber or column nas applied to a slide
motion from any part of the engine.
receiving its
The slide is set up by a back plate 71 to which is fixed the air chamber or
column n brought into communication with a cavity in the slide q as shown in
Fig. 3 & 4.
When the influx of the liquid occurs through a regulator (not shown), pipe r¹ and
valve in a casing, see Fig. 4, the liquid impinges upon the air column in the
chamber through passages and cavity and permits a measured quantity,
according to the ratio of gravitation pressure, to pass into cavity r. When the slide q
is moving in the direction of the arrow, and cut off from its source of supply, a
further motion of the slide brings the cavity in communication with the port 2, at
which tiune the air column in the chamber a ejects the liquid into the said pipe or
port² to be mixed with air to form a combustible mixture for the working cylinder
during the suction stroke.
The working cylinder a, see Fig. 1 has a port or ports a² suitably arranged for the
purpose of allowing the exhaust gas to escape to the atmosphere, and the exhaust
port a², or ports, may have a valve casing bolted to its face (not shown) having a
piston valve which may be moved from any part of the engine.
When the engine is turned by hand or otherwise, and making an effective stroke,
the relative position of the two cylinders a & b. causes the charge piston to move in
advance of the working piston a¹.
When the charge piston 6 is moving towards the crank cit draws into its cylinder >>
through the pipe g, and through the lift valve and air valve g', a combustible charge
until the piston 6' uncovers a port or ports e leading to a chamber or reservoir f, so
that the remaining portion of the stroke re-expands on an increased volume or in
some cases slightly in tension below the atmosphere.
When the charge piston 6¹ makes its return stroke, very little increase of pressure
occurs, until it covers the port or ports e leading to the reservoir f.
About this time the charge is permitted to pass into the working cylinder a, but
the time for its admission may be varied.
The ignition of the charge in the working cylinder a may be effected by any well
known means.

page_text: Referring to Fig. 5, the diagram, the ignition takes place in the working cylinder
at point 1.
Combustion takes place during the entire outstroke from point 1 to point 2, from 2
to 3 the residual gases are ejected from the working cylinder by the combined action
of the instroke of the working piston and the fresh entering charge.
The piston commences then to compress the contents of its cylinder up to point 1
when ignition is repeated.
I may remark that the combustible charge may be heated by permitting the exhaust
gases to pass into a suitable chamber, containing a number of tubes (not shown),
surrounding pipe g, previous to its admission into working cylinder a, for the purpose
of assisting vaporization therein, and also two working cylinders may be employed to
one charge cylinder if deemed necessary.
In cases where ordinary gas is used as a gas motor in lieu of liquid hydro-carbon, in
reference to Fig. 1, I dispense with valve 6, and air column n and employ an ordinary
lift valve with a perforated seat, and connected to a common gas main, as shown in
my former patent No. 3568 A.D. 1883, for the purpose of preparing a combustible
charge.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting my improve-
ments, substantially as herein before described & shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.
2nd. The charge cylinder b and its arrangement of ports e, in combination with the
reservoir, lift valve 1, and working cylinder a, for the purpose of reducing the back
pressure in hydro-carbon motors, substantially as set forth.
3rd. The lift valve in combination with an air column or chamber and supple-
mentary valve P, which valve is actuated during the suction stroke of the motor,
when not operated upon by the governor, substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
4th. The use of a column of air n in a chamber closed at its upper end, in conjunc-
tion with a valve of the lifting or slide type, or its equivalent, and arranged so that
the influx of the liquid hydro-carbon is arrested and determined by the compression
of such column, due to the head of liquid, such column of air being either contained
in the valve itself or separate therefrom, substantially for the purpose as described
and set forth.
5th. The application of lift valve b, slide q, or its equivalent, in combination with
air column n, respectively, whereby means are provided for admitting liquid hydro-
carbon in suitable quantities, to other types of liquid hydro-carbon motors than that
shown in Fig. 1, substantially as hereinbefore described and shown.
Dated this 22nd day of June 1888.