Improvements in Water Closets and other Sanitary Appliances where Water Flushing is Required.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Apr., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 11th Jan., 1893-Accepted, 11th Feb., 1893
TRUVIDIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Closets and other Sanitary Appliances
where Water Flushing is Required.
I SAMUEL STEVENS HELLYER of 21 Newcastle Street Strand in the County
of London Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:--
My invention has reference more particularly to water closets but is applicable
to other sanitary appliances in which water flushing is required and consists
principally of means as hereinafter described whereby a more efficient flushing is
produced than is the case with flushing devices hitherto in use.
I will describe my invention as applied to what is known as a "wash-down" water
closet from which its application to water flushing in other sanitary appliances will
also be readily understood. I form in the flushing rim of the closet basın at the
part where the flushing water enters a projection or guiding piece so shaped and
placed that the incoming water is divided and directed by the said projection or
guiding piece so that the said water is caused to flow in streams of or about equal
force in opposite directions along the rim so as to ensure an equal flushing on both
sides of the basin. I also form or provide in any desired part of the flushing rim but
preferably directly opposite where the flushing water enters the said rim and facing
the outlet of the basin a block or obstruction which not only prevents the two
currents of water from meeting inside the rim so as to neutralize each others force
but also is so formed in a curve on each side and projects below the rim as to direct
the said currents with as little diminution as possible of their original force into the
basin and cause them to there form a cascade which will descend with sufficient
force to effectually drive from the basin and its trap the whole of their contents
and replenish them with clean water.
This arrangement permits of the discharge passage from the basin being made of
greater area than usual whereby an increased surface of water is provided in the
basin for the direct reception of focal matter without touching or soiling the sides
of the basin at places where it is not covered with water.
Hitherto basins and traps of water closets have been made of earthenware and
the connection of the metal outlet pipe has been made to the earthenware termina-
tion of the trap but with this arrangement it is difficult to secure a proper joint
between the two materials or one not liable to become leaky. The basin itself has
also hitherto been alone made of earthenware which has been seated in the upper
end of a metal (usually lead) trap but this presents an unsightly appearance from
inside the basin owing to the difference in colour between the materials of the basin
and the trap. To obviate these defects I make the basin with a continuation which
covers the lower part of the metal trap as seen from inside the basin the outlet
opening into the trap from the basin being made in the basin in a vertical or
approximately vertical position or at the back or side or beyond the back or side
so that the material of the trap is not seen when looking into the basin.
It will be readily understood that the same arrangement can also be applied to
urinals, slop sinks, and other sanitary appliances requiring a flush of water.
Dated this 11th day of Anmil 1009
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Closets and other Sanitary Appliances
where Water Flushing is Required.
I SAMUEL STEVENS HELLYER of 21 Newcastle Street Strand in the County
of London Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference more particularly to water closets, but is applicable
to other sanitary appliances in which water flushing is required and consists
principally of means as hereinafter described whereby a more efficient flushing is
produced than is the case with flushing devices hitherto in use.
I will describe with reference to the accompanying drawings my invention as applied
to what is known as a "wash-down" water closet from which its application to water
flushing in other sanitary appliances will also be readily understood.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a "wash-down" closet and
Figure 2 is a part plan and part horizontal section of the same.
Figure 3 is a cross section on the line 1. 2 of Figure 2.
In the flushing rim A of the closet basin at the part where the flushing water
enters I form or provide a projection or guiding piece B so shaped and placed that
the incoming water is divided and directed by the said projection or guiding piece
and caused to flow in streams of, or about, equal force in opposite directions along
the rim as indicated by arrows in Figure 2 so as to ensure an equal flushing on
both sides of the basin. a are the ordinary passages which may be holes or slits
arranged in any convenient way for the water from the rim A to the sides of the
closet basin D. These holes or slits are preferably continued in front of the
deflector B so that the part of the basin in front thereof is also washed by
the incoming water. I also form or provide in any desired part of the flushing rim
but preferably directly opposite where the flushing water enters the said rim and
facing the outlet from the basin a block or obstruction C which prevents the two
currents of water from so meeting inside the rim A. as to neutralize each others
force. This block extends below the rim A and is so curved on each side as to
direct the said currents with as little diminution as possible of their original force
into the basin D and cause them to there form a cascade which will descend with
sufficient force to effectually drive from the basin and its trap the whole of their
contents and replenish them with clean water.
This arrangement permits of the discharge passage F from the basin being made
of greater area than usual whereby an increased surface of water is provided in
the basin for the direct reception of focal matter without touching or soiling the
sides of the basin at places where it is not covered with water.
Hitherto basins and traps of water closets have been made of earthenware and
the connection of the metal outlet pipe has been made to the earthenware termina-
tion of the trap but with this arrangement it is difficult to secure a proper joint
between the two materials or one not liable to become leaky. The basin itself has
also hitherto been alone made of earthenware which has been seated in the upper
end of a metal (usually lead) trap but this presents an unsightly appearance from
inside the basin, owing to the difference in colour between the material of the basin
and the material of the trap. To obviate these defects I make the basin D with
a continuation F which covers the lower part G of the metal trap H, as seen
from inside the basin, the outlet opening f from the extension F of the basin
into the trap being preferably made in a vertical or approximately vertical
position or at the back or side or beyond the back or side of the basin so that
the material of which the trap is made is not seen when looking into the basin.
The metal trap H preferably extends to or above the normal level of water in
the basin so that should the basin be broken the water will still be retained in

page_text: the trap. It will be readily understood that the same arrangements can also be
applied to urinals, slop sinks, and other sanitary appliances requiring a flush of
water.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
1. In water closets and other sanitary appliances where water flushing is
required a flushing rim having a block or obstruction (C) therein so shaped and
placed as to prevent opposite streams of incoming water from meeting inside
the rim and direct them into the basin as described and cause them to form a
cascade in the basin substantially as explained.
2. In water closets and other sanitary appliances where water flushing is
required, & flushing rim having a projection or guiding piece therein at the part
where the flushing water enters so as to divide the water and cause it to flow in
streams in opposite directions in the flushing rim; and a block or obstruction in
the flushing rim opposite where the flushing water enters the said rim, or in any
other suitable part thereof, to prevent the streams of water from meeting inside
the rim and to direct them into the basin as described and cause them to there
form a cascade inside the basin substantially as hereinbefore explained.
3. Water closet basins having a continuation which conceals the part of the
metal trap which would otherwise be seen from inside the basin the outlet opening
from the basin being at or beyond the back or side of the basin substantially as
hereinbefore described.
4. The combination and arrangements of parts constituting the improved water
closet substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 11th dow of L
1000
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.