Improved Mechanism for the Transmission of Force from a Petroleum or similar Motor to the Wheels of a Road-vehicle.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Jan., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 9th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 28th Nov., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Mechanism for the Transmission of Force from a Petroleum
or similar Motor to the Wheels of a Road-vehicle.
I, EMIL CAPITAINE of Ischacherschestrasse 62, Leipzig-Plagwitz, in the Empire
of Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In all motor bicycles, road carriages and similar vehicles it is of great value
that the weight of the whole vehicle is proportionally small.
If the motor is heavy, the carriage or the vehicle must be constructed strongly,
according to the weight of the motor. In such cases also the force of the motor
must be greater and it is thus comprehensible that a motor of small weight will
enable the whole motor vehicle to be made much lighter.
In present motor vehicles the force of the motor is transferred to the wheels of
the vehicle either by means of toothed wheels, chains and straps or by friction
rollers or pawl and ratchet wheels.
In the first mentioned transmission of the force of the motor to the wheels by
means of cog wheels, chains, or straps, as also in the last mentioned transmission
by means of pawl and ratchet wheels, the help of a fly wheel is necessary.
Hitherto gas, benzine or petroleum motors have been used only which work in
four time. Seldom have motors of this kind working in two time been used
because these 'two time motors had many inconveniences. In the four time motors
only one of four strokes of the piston produces, force; the other three are
wanting in force production. The fly wheel of the motor must therefore be
heavy and large so that it can take up the force of this one stroke of the piston,
that is the force of the exploding gases. The force so taken up must thus be
given out by the fly wheel during the three other strokes and this partly for
moving of the vehicle and partly for overcoming of the interior resistances of the
motor. The fly wheel must therefore always be heary and large.
The present invention renders possible the application of a fly wheel which is
proportionally small and light. Essentially the invention consists in not
transferring the force of the motor totally or for its greatest part from the crank
shaft to the fly wheel and then from the fly wheel to the wheels of the vehicle,
but in making the transmission of the force of the explosion in the cylinder of the
motor act directly from the piston to the wheels of the vehicle.
In the latter transmission of the force that is from the piston directly to the
wheels of the vehicle-1, the known friction or pawl and ratchet wheel and
the known crank lever, are used, and 2, a spring is interposed in or added to the
arrangement for, the translation of the movement of the piston to the wheel of
the vehicle. This spring causes the proportionally quicker rotation of the fly
wheel of the motor during the explosion period without being obliged to
simultaneously turn quicker the wheels of the vehicle. The spring in other words
effects an acceleration that is an advancing of the fly wheel in conformity with the
movement of the vehicle'and this' each time the piston of the motor is actuated by
the explosion: The invention relates to an improvement of the construction for
the translation of the moveinent of the motor to the wheels' of a' vehicle.
This improvement is that :-
1 The standin

page_text: 2. During the advance of the piston by the explosion is also obtained the
advance of the wheel by the pawl and ratchet wheel so that the force of the
explosion is transferred to the wheel of the vehicle and not first to the fly wheel
and from this to the wheels of the vehicle; and,
3. To render possible this direct transmission of the force of the explosion, a
spring is added to the construction which serves to move the wheel of the
vehicle.
In the annexed drawing the invention is shown applied to a motor bicycle.
A is the cylinder of the motor, B is the piston, C is the crank shaft, D is the fly
wheel, E is the crank lever which also is part of the connection of the piston with
the crank shaft, F.is a bar transferring the movement of the piston and the lever E
to the lever H, G is a pawl, J a ratchet wheel, K a lever in connection with the
wheel J, M is a spring connecting the wheel L, the lever K and the wheel J;
N is the front wheel of the bicycle. The bar F has its turning propelling point o
in a slots of the lever E. This turning point o of the bar F can be displaced by
moving the bar F to and from the fulcrum i of the lever E. To effect such
displacement of the point o the bar F is joined to the lever R by a rod n. This
lever R can be moved up and down by hand through a rod z. The manner of
working is as follows:-When the piston B by the explosion in the space P is
driven downwards the wheel L is turned in the direction of the arrow by means
of the lever E, the bar F, the lever H and the pawl G and the ratchet wheel J.
The fly wheel D being proportionally very light and small is moved quicker and
suddenly, that is, it has given to it a greater acceleration because the spring M
expands.
It must here be noted specially that the ratchet wheel J with the lever K forms
a connected whole, and that also the wheel J with the lever K rest loosely upon
the axis m. The spring M is so constructed that it can only be distended by a
certain pulling force. When the ratchet wheel is turned by the explosion which
presses the piston downwards, the spring is pulled with great force whereby
naturally the wheel L is turned. According to the resistance, which the moving
forwards of the vehicle offers, the spring M is more or less distended. According
also to the resistance which the moving of the whole vehicle offers it is necessary
to place the point o more or less distant from the point i. This moving of the
driving point o is also necessary if it is wanted to drive quicker or slower.
Dated this 13th day of January 1896.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
18 Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant.
Improved Mechanism for the Transmission of Force from a Petroleum
or similar Motor to the Wheels of a Road-vehicle.
I, EMIL CAPITAINE, of Ischacherschestrasse 62, Leipzig-Plagwitz, Germany,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
In all motor bicycles, road carriages, and similar vehicles it is of great value
that the weight of the whole vehicle is proportionally small. If the motor is
heavy the carriage or the vehicle must be constructed strongly according to the
weight of the motor. In such case the force of the motor also must be greater,
and it is thus comprehensible that a motor of small weight will enable the whole
motor vehicle to be made much lighter.

page_text: In present motor vehicles the force of the motor is transferred to the wheels
of the vehicle either by means of toothed wheels chains and straps or by friction
rollers or pawl and ratchet wheels. In the first mentioned transmission of the-
force of the motor to the wheels by means of cog wheels, chains, or straps, as also
in the last mentioned transmission by means of pawl and ratchet wheel, the help.
of a fly wheel is necessary. Hitherto gas, benzine, or petroleum motors have been.
used only which work in four time. Seldom have motors of this kind working in.
two time been used because these two time motors had many inconveniences. In
the four time motors only one of four strokes of the piston produces force: the
other three are wanting in force production. The fly wheel of the motor must
therefore be heavy and large so that it can take up the force of this one stroke of
the piston, that is the force of the exploding gases. The force so taken up must.
thus be given out by the fly wheel during the three other strakes and this partly
for moving of the vehicle and partly for overcoming of the interior resistances of
the motor. The fly wheel must therefore always be heavy and large.
The present invention renders possible the application of a fly wheel which is
proportionally small and light. Essentially the invention consists in, not
transferring the force of the motor totally or for its greater part from the crank-
shaft to the fly wheel and then from the fly wheel to the wheels of the vehicle,.
but in making the transmission of the force of the explosion in the cylinder of
the motor act directly from the piston to the wheels of the vehicle.
In the latter transmission of the force that is from the piston directly to the
wheels of the vehicle 1) the known friction or pawl and ratchet wheel and the
known crank lever are used and 2) a spring is interposed in or nddel to..
the arrangement for the translation of the movement of the piston to the wheel of
the vehicle. This spring causes the proportionally quicker rotation of the fly
wheel of the motor during the explosion period, without being obliged to-
simultaneously, turn quicker the wheels of the vehicle. The spring in other words.
effects an acceleration that is an advancing of the fly wheel in conformity with
the movement of the vehicle and this each time the piston of the motor is.
actuated by the explosion.
The invention relates to an improvement of the construction for the translation
of the movement of the motor to the wheels of a vehicle. This improvement.
is that
1) The piston is directly connected to the crank lever.
2) During the advance of the piston by the explosion is also obtained the
advance of the wheel by the pawl and ratchet wheel, so that the force of the
explosion is transferred to the wheel of the vehicle and not first to the fly wheel.
and from this to the wheel of the vehicle, and,
3) To render possible this direct transmission of the force of the explosion a
spring is added to the construction which serves to move the wheel of the vehicle..
In the drawings filed with my Provisional Specification the invention is shown
applied to a motor bicycle.
A is the cylinder of the motor; B is the piston; C is the crank shaft; D is the-
fly wheel; E is the crank lever which also is part of the connection of the piston.
with the crank shaft; F is a bar transferring the movement of the piston and
the lever E to the lever H; G is a pawl; J a ratchet wheel; K a lever in.
connection with the wheel J; M is a spring connecting the wheel L, the lever K
and the wheel J; N is the front wheel of the bicycle. The bar F has its turning
propelling point o in a slot a of the lever E. This turning point o of the bar F
can be displaced by moving the bar F to and from the fulerum i of the lever E...
To effect such displacement of the point o, the bar F is joined to the lever R by a
rod n. This lever R enn be moved up and down by hand through a rod z.
The manner of working is as follows:-
When the piston B by the explosion in the space P is driven downwards the
wheel L is turned in the direction of the arrow by means of the lever E, the
bar F, the lever H and the pawl G and the ratchet wheel J. The fly wheel D,.

page_text: being proportionally very light and small is moved quicker and suddenly, that is
it has given to it a great acceleration because the spring M expands. It must
here be noted specially that the ratchet wheel J with the lever K forms a connected
whole, and that also the wheel J with the lever K rest loosely upon the axis m.
The spring M is so constructed that it can only be distended by a certain pulling
force. When the ratchet wheel is turned by the explosion which presses the
piston downwards the spring is pulled with great force whereby naturally the
wheel is turned. According to the resistance which the moving forwards of
the vehicle offers, the spring M is more or less distended. According also to the
resistance which the moving of the whole vehicle offers it is necessary to place
the point o more or less distant from point i. This moving of the driving point o is
also necessary if it is wanted to drive quicker or slower.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The direct transmission of the movement of the piston upon the ratchet
wheel J by means of the lever E and the bar F.
2. The combination of the lever E the bar F and the ratchet wheel J with the
spring M.
Dated this 9th day of October 1806
HERBERT HADDAN &. Co.,
18 Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents for Applicant.