IMPROVEMENTS IN ATTACHMENTS FOUR PLOUGHS
Year: 1884

page_text: I ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the firm of A. M. and Wm Clark of
53 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
ATTACHMENTS FOUR PLOUGHS to be as follows:-
The present invention has relation to that class of ploughs provided with a rake
or harrow attachment adjustably connected to the plough so that it can be raised
or lowered with relation thereto as circumstances require.
In attachments of this class as heretobefore constructed the teeth have had an
outward and rearward inclination, but not independent vertical adjustment for the
reason that they are cast solid with the arm or beam thereof, and necessarily
remain at all times in the same relative position. It is also common to provide
ploughs with a hinged and adjustable bar and a series of supplemental ploughs
adjustably connected thereto.
The object of the invention is to improve the construction of the above class of
plough attachments, whereby greater lightness with increased practicability is
obtained, and also rendered more effective, the attachment being secured both to
the mould-board and standard of the plough, and the rod provided with oblique
tooth sockets or perforations to receive the teeth, which are adjustably connected
to the rod, which in turn is also adjustable upon the mould-board and standard,
thus enabling the teeth to receive independent vertical adjustment or the rod and
teeth to be elevated together, rendering the attachment more effective, and keeping
the furrow clean without throwing the ploughed ground back and moving all the
ground turned by any one furrow without clogging. The improved attachment
consists of a suitable rod carrying the teeth. Preferably secured to the rear portion
of the mould-board of the plough is a slotted eye-piece capable of vertical adjustment
thereon, forming a bearing for the rod at a point about midway of its ends. The
inner end of the rod has a bent slotted extremity by which it is adjustably
connected to the standard of the plough or frame thereof; or, if preferred, this end
of the rod may be secured to the inner portion or corner of the mould-board, and
rendered vertically adjustable by any of the well known means,

page_text: Though I prefer to have the rod extend in a direct line from the outer upper
corner of the plough, the inner end of the said rod may be bent, so as to be secured
to the landside of the plough at right angles thereto, the rod being capable of
vertical adjustment at its points of fastening.
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The rod has a series of oblique tooth sockets or perforations said rod extending
out from the mould-board far enough to cover the turned furrow.
By the peculiar angle of the sockets or perforations when the teeth are inserted
therein they will assume an inclination in both an outward and backward direction,
thus enabling every portion of the ground turned up by the plough to be harrowed
or pulverized, the outward inclination of the teeth preventing the tendency of the
harrow to drag the plough from the furrow, while the backward inclination
prevents clogging by roots, grass, or like substances, and also enables the harrow to
pass over obstacles without breaking or checking the plough.
The teeth have each an independent vertical adjustment, and are held in the
position adjusted by set screws or other convient_means. Thus the rod and teeth
may be elevated together, or the teeth receive independant adjustment, as found
desirable.
By providing the rod with the oblique tooth sockets or perforations any tooth,
no matter how straight when connected to the rod, will assume an outward and
backward inclination with relation thereto, this being considered of great importance
in simplifying the construction and effectiveness of the attachment, as the rod can
be manufactured at a small cost, as, can also the teeth, there being no screw-
threads and shoulders required on the teeth, they being simply plain rods pointed
at the ends.
Dated this 16th day of February, One thousand eight hundred and eighty

page_text: I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ATTACHMENTS FOR PLOUGHS" (a communication to me from abroad by Valentine
Wood, of the City of Peru, in the county Miami, and state of Indiana, United
States of America), and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The present invention has relation to that class of ploughs provided with a rake
or harrow attachment adjustably connected to the plough so that it can be raised
or lowered with relation thereto as circumstances require.
In attachments of this class as heretofore constructed the teeth have had an
outward and rearward inclination; but not independent vertical adjustment, for
the reason that they aro cast solid with the arm or beam thereof, and necessarily
remain at all times in the same relative position. It is also common to provide
ploughs with a hinged and adjustable bar and a series of supplemental ploughs
adjustably connected thereto.
The object of the invention is to improve the construction of the above class of
plough attachments, whereby greater lightness with increased practicability and
effectiveness are obtained, the attachment being secured both to the mould-board
and standard of the plough, and the rod provided with oblique tooth sockets or
perforations to receive the teeth, which are adjustably connected to the rod, which
in turn is also adjustable upon the mould-board and standard, thus enabling the
teeth to receive independent vertical adjustment or the rod and teeth to be elevated
together, rendering the attachment more effective and keeping the furrow clean
without throwing the ploughed ground back and moving all the ground turned
by any one furrow without clogging. These several objects I attain by the
construction substantially as shown in the drawings and hereinafter described and
claimed.
Figure 1 of the drawings is a perspective view of a plough, showing the
attachment connected thereto; Figure 2 a rear elevation of the same; Figure 3,
a detail view, showing a modified means of connecting the attachment to the
plough. Figure 4, a detail view, showing the manner of adjustably securing the
teeth to the rod; and Figure 5 a longitudinal vertical section of the outer end of
the adjustable rod, showing the inclination of the oblique slots.
In the accompanying drawings is represented a plough of the ordinary construction
to which the improved attachment. is connected and consists of a suitable rod B,
carrying the teeth C.
Preferably secured to the rear portion of the mould-board of the plough is a
alotted eye piece A capable of vertical adjustment thereon, forming a bearing for
the rod B at a point about midway of its ends. The inner end of the rod B has a
bent slotted extremity, as shown at a by which it is adjustably connected to the
standard of the plough or frame thereof; or if preferred, this end of the rod may
be secured to the inner portion or corner of the mould board and rendered vertically
adjustable by any of the well known means.
Though I prefer to have the rod B extend in a direct line from the outer upper
corner of the plough, as shown in Figure 1, the inner end of said rod may be bent,
so as to be secured to the landside of the plough at right angles thereto, as shown
in Figure 3, the rod being capable of vertical adjustment at its points of fastening.

page_text: When the bent rod B is used as in Figure 3 and placed on ploughs with handles,
a lever may be attached rigidly to it the upper end secured at desired place by
segmental arc, or when used on Sulky Ploughs, a short arm connected with rod to
a lever at driver's seat.
It is evident that these modifications may be made without departing from the
principle of the invention.
The rod B has a series of oblique tooth sockets or perforations, b, said rod
extending out from the mould-board far enough to cover the turned furrow.
By the peculiar angle of the sockets or perforations b, when the teeth C are
inserted therein they will assume an inclination in both an outward and backward
direction, thus enabling every portion of the ground turned up by the plough to be
harrowed or pulverized, the outward inclination of the teeth preventing the
tendency of the harrow to drag the plough from the furrow, while the backward
inclination prevents clogging by roots, grass, or like substances, and also enables
the barrow to pass over obstacles without breaking or checking the plough.
The teeth have each an independent vertical adjustment, and are held in
position adjusted by set screws or other convenient means. Thus the rod and
teeth may be elevated together, or the teeth receive independent adjustment, as
found desirable.
By providing the rod B with the oblique tooth sockets or perforations b any
tooth, no matter how straight, when connected to the rod, will assume an outward
and backward inclination with relation thereto, this being considered of great
importance in simplifying the construction and effectiveness of the attachment; as
the rod can be manufactured at a small cost, as can also the teeth, there being no
screw-threads and shoulders required on the teeth, they being simply plain rods
pointed at the ends.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
:-
In combination with a plough, the harrow attachment, constructed substantially
as shown and described, and consisting of the rod having oblique tooth sockets or
perforations and bent slotted portion or extremity attached to the plough-standard,
the slotted cye piece, arranged midway upon the rod and adjustably attached to
the mould-board, and the harrow-teeth adjustably secured in the oblique sockets or
perforations, whereby the rod and the teeth may be elevated together, or the teeth
receive independent vertical adjustment, the latter having both an outward and a
backward inclination, as and for the purpose specified.