IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Elliott; of West Houghton, in the
County of Lancaster, Mechanic, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 1st May 1854, and dated the 1st November 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Elliott at
.the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 1st November 1853.
I, ARTHUR ELLIOTT, of West Houghton, in the County of Lancaster;
Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING" to be as follows:-
The first part of my improvements relates to rising box looms, and
consists, firstly, in a method of raising and lowering the shuttles as
required by the pattern. Upon the tappet shaft or other rotatory part
of the loom is fixed a cam, each revolution of which causes a lever to
vibrate. This lever carries a catch, which moves over pins placed upon
a wheel, such motion however, when no change is required, not being
sufficient to take hold of one of the said pins, the full extent of vibration.
being prevented by a projection on the lever arriving in contact with a

page_text: plain portion of a jacquard or similar apparatus. When however a change
of shuttle is required the said projecting part will be allowed to pass
into a perforation of the jacquard, and the catch will be allowed to move
far enough to take hold of a pin upon the wheel, and on its return
motion will cause it to perform a portion of a revolution, thereby bring-
ing a cam to act upon an arrangement of levers for shifting the shuttle
box. The jacquard or similar apparatus is moved at proper intervals
by a catch mounted upon the vibrating lever before mentioned, and this
catch, upon the driving power being thrown off, is raised so as to fail
in giving motion to the jacquard apparatus. The lifting apparatus is
caused to work backward by another catch operating in the contrary
direction. Secondly, my Invention consists in placing a screen above
the pickers in rising box looms to prevent the said pickers from flying
upward, such screen being so adapted as to be raised by hand at plea-
sure. Thirdly, my Invention consists in causing the picker to occupy
such a position when the shuttle is thrown as to receive its force, and
by giving way before it act as a check upon its impetus.
The second, part of my improvements consists in an arrangement of
apparatus for effecting the taking up of the work in looms. The reed
is mounted in a loose case after the manner of the taking up motion
known as Stone's. To this loose case is affixed a pin connected at
the front of the lathe by means of levers to an upright rod moving
in a guide at bottom, and provided with a projecting part capable of
being adjusted in a vertical direction by screws or other means. As
the work is beaten up the reed case by moving.out raises the upright
rod, and consequently its projecting part, which by arriving in contact
with a lever moves down the driving click for one or more teeth of
the ratchet wheel, as may have been arranged according to the weft
to be put in; at the same time the click lever, by means of an arm,
brings forward a catch into a suitable position for. being drawn.
forward by the return motion of the lathe, whereby the ratchet. wheel
is turned round to effect the. 'taking 'up, the extent of motion beinig
determined by the position to which the catch to be drawn forward by:
the lathe has been brought:

page_text: 2.5
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Arthur Elliott in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 1st May 1854.
-
:
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I
ARTHUR ELLIOTT, of West Houghton, in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanic, send greeting.
:
1!
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by. Her.
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand' eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs and suc-.
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Arthur Elliott, Her especial
licence that I, the said Arthur Elliott, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such. others as I, the said Arthur Elliott, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with; and; no.
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term:
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,"
the said Arthur Elliott, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed; and:
cause the same to be filed in 'the Great Seal Patent Office within six:
calendar months:next and immediately after the date of the said Letters:
Patent
NOW: KNOW YE, that I, the said Arthur Elliott,. do hereby
declare the nature of my said. Invention,. and in what manner. the
same is to bé performed, to be particularly described: and; ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawing (that is:
to say)
$
The first part of my Invention relates to rising box looms, and,
consists, firstly; in. a method of raising and lowering the shuttles 'as,
required. Secondly, in placing screens above the pickers of rising box
looms, so adapted as to be raised by hand at pleasure. Thirdly, in

page_text: causing the picker to occupy such a position when the shuttle is thrown
as to receive its force, and by giving way before it act as a check upon
it's impetus.
The second part of my improvements relates to an arrangement for
effecting the taking up of the work upon the principle of that apparatus
known as Stone's.
:
And in order that these several parts of my Invention may be fully
understood I have appended to this my Specification a Sheet of illus-
trative Drawings, which I will now proceed to describe.
Fig. 1, is a side elevation in section of the main parts of a rising box
loom constructed according to my improvements; and Fig. 2, is a partial
plan view thereof. The tappet shaft of the loom is shown at a, upon
which is placed a cam b, the periphery of which in its rotation bears
against a roller c, mounted within an upright lever d, which is drawn
forward by the action of a spiral spring e, one end of which is attached
to the stationary framework, as the tappet shaft therefore revolves the
lever d is caused to vibrate upon its centre f. To the upper part of
the lever is jointed an arm g, formed with a catch at its outward
end, which part is situate above a disc provided with a series of pro-
jecting pins : Upon the pin disc is formed a cami, against the
periphery of which is situate a roller mounted within one arm of a
bell crank lever j, turning upon a centre at ; the other arm of this
lever carries a short link 7, jointed to the lifting rod m, by which thic
shuttle box n is raised. To the upper end of the lever is jointed a
catch o, the outward end of which moves in a guide, and is provided
with a catch, which, as the lever vibrates, arrives in contact with one of
the pins of a jacquard box p, so as to cause it to turn a fourth of a
revolution in the ordinary manner. The operation of the machine is as
follows: Upon rotatory motion being communicated, the vibration
of the lever d, will cause the catch o, to travel backward and forward,
and change the position of the jacquard cards for every revolution of
the tappet shaft. This movement will also cause the catch g, to move to
and fro over one of the pins h, but if no change in the shuttle box be
required, then a plain portion of card will have been brought opposite
to a projecting part 2, which extends from the lever d, which will in

page_text: consequence be prevented from moving inward beyond the position
shewn in the Drawing. When however a change in the shuttle box is to
be effected, then a perforation in the card will occupy a position opposite
to the projection q, so as to allow it to pass therein, and permit the lever
d, to be drawn forward by the action of the spring e, so as to carry the
catch g, beyond one of the pins h, which catch being no longer kept up
in its traversing movement will fall downward, and upon the return
motion of the lever d, will drag forward the pin h, and thereby effect a
partial revolution of the cam i, by which means the bell crank lever j
will be caused to move upon its centre so as to raise or lower the
lifting rod m, and consequently shuttle box n. Around the disc of the
pins h, is placed a wire 2, one end of which is attached to the stationary
framework, and the other to a spiral springs, the lower end of
which is also connected to the framing. This arrangement serves as a
friction brake for checking the impetus given to the disc by the action
of the catch g. In order, however, to secure a correct position of the
cam i, upon a change taking place, the part g of the catch is so
formed that the succeeding pin (for instance) to that operated upon
arrives in contact therewith, and thus prevents an undue revolution of
the cam shaft. The vibration of the lever d, will now cause the inclined
part of the catchy, to move to and fro upon another piu h, until the
next hole in the jacquard card shall have allowed the lever to move
forward, when another change will be effected by the cam i, as before.
In the Figures above referred to I have shewn the loom as arranged
for working with two shuttles only. When it is desired to provide for
a greater number it will be merely necessary to adapt other cams
answering to that shewn at i, but with increased rises thereon, such
cams being actuated by separate hooks g, the motions of which are
governed by other sets of holes upon the jacquard cards. A peculiar
method of effecting this, however, and which constitutes a novel
feature in my Invention, consists in causing the lifting cam to turn
backward and forward as may be desired. This will be illustrated by
reference to Fig. 3. The lever h, is caused to vibrate as before by the
action of a cam, and is provided with the projection q, for acting
upon the jacquard cards and with the catch g, as above described. In

page_text: this instance, however, the lever d is elongated, and carries at its
upper end a jointed link y, pressed inward by means of a spring, but
prevented from moving beyond a certain distance by a stop pin. To the
link y is jointed a rod 1, connected to a lever 2, turning upon a fixed
centre at 3, and carrying at its lower end a catch 4, similar to that
shewn åt.g, and situate in. like manner over the circle of pins h, which
project sufficiently far from the disc to extend across the two catches
which are the one in front of the other, so as to move freely backward and
forward. The lower end of the link y is provided with a projection 5,
situate in front of that shewn at 7 in Fig. 1, and for which a corre-
sponding row of holes in the jacquard cards is pierced. The operation
of the catch is precisely as before described; and when the lever is
intended to move forward, so as to allow a pin h to be taken, the
jacquard cards will present a blank space to the projection 5, and
the link y will be forced back upon its centre 6' against the force of the
spring. The pin h, now carried forward, will arrive in contact with
an incline plane 7, attached to the hook 4, by which means it will be
held up so as to be prevented from falling until the revolution of the
pins has brought another into the position of that which previously
supported the hook, and this operation will continue as long as it is
desired to cause the cam to revolve in the forward direction. When it
is desired that it shall turn in the other direction a hole will be pierced
in the cards to arrive opposite to the projection 5, by which means the
link Y will not be borne back against the spring z, but will carry
forward the rod. 1, so as 'to, cause, the lever 2 to turn upon its centre-3,
and move the catch 4 in the direction of the arrow, by which
means it
will be carried past the pin 'h, upon which it has rested, and will fall
into the position. necessary for causing the cam to revolve. in the
contrary direction to that imparted by the catch-g, during which
operation one of the pins h will, arrive in contact with an incline
plane 8, attached to the catch g, and lift- it so as to enable it to rest
upon the next pin, as before described; in reference to the catch 4.
The backward motion of the lever d'will now drag round the pin h
and the cam will be shifted backward on to another rise. The cam to
he mounted. upon the shaft of the pins will depend upon the number

page_text: of shuttles used, and pattern; to be produced on the fabric. But the
utility of this part of my. Invention may be illustrated by supposing that
a certain number of picks are required, in which the whole of the
shuttles are employed at intervals, and that after this alternate changes
of two shuttles are desired; the former of these may be produced by the
action of the hook g, by which the cam may be moved; when desired in
one direction; the latter by so arranging the jacquard that after the
hook g shall have brought a particular shuttle: into operation for the
required time, the other hook 4 shall turn the cam in the reverse
direction for bringing another shuttle into play, after which the hook g
may again come into operation, and so on alternately. It is evident
that this backward and forward motion of the cam may be used at
pleasure, so as to pause upon a change at any particular rise, according
to the pattern, required..
My second improvement is also shewn in the Figures 1 and 2, above
referred to. The screen is shewn at u, situate above the picker v, and
provided with a flange through which a pin w passes. This pin rests
upon the box frame, and is borne downwards by a spring a, by which
therefore it is kept in its place, but by raising the said spring it may
readily be removed at the desire of the attendant..
Mythird improvement is also shewn, in Figures 1. and. 2. I so
regulate the weight of the picker treadle as to cause the picker v to be
drawn forward into the position..shewn at Fig. 2, or I effect this by
the action of a. spring. Below.the centre. of motion of the..picker rod
is attached another spring 10, the other end of which is connected. a
lever 11, extending from..a shaft 12, which also carries an upper
lever 13, provided with a roller. 14, bearing against. the periphery of a
cam 15, mounted upon the tappet shaft... According to the, position
shewn the picker rod. is..borne forward. by the treadle,. so. as to cause
the picker to occupy the position:shewn. When, therefore, the shuttle
is. picked. it will, on arriving in contact therewith, meet with, a yielding
abutment by which its force will be gradually checked; the.ród. and
picker would, however, then return to the position shewn, but in.order
to keep them back so as to permit the shuttle box to rise, and also in
order to obtain the full effect of blow upon the shuttle, la prominence

page_text: upon the cam 15 at this time arrives in contact with the lever 13,
thereby causing the shaft 12 to turn upon its centre, and by means of
the other lever 11, and spring 10, draw forward the lower end of the
picker rod, so as by turning it upon its centre to keep. the picker back.
The picking having been effected, the prominence of the cam 15 will
cease to act upon the lever 13, and the weight of the treadle will again
draw the picker into the position shewn.
My last improvement is shewn in the partial view of a loom at
Fig. 4. The reed case a is mounted loose in the reed, and to it is
affixed a pin b, to which a link c is connected; this link is jointed at
its outward end to a screwed rod connected by means of nuts to a lever
d, turning upon a centre e. To the lathe sword is bolted a slotted
'piece g, within which is situate a pin h, formed upon a click i, taking
into the teeth of a ratchet wheel j, the axis of which is provided with a
pinion communicating motion by means of ordinary wheel work to the
work roller . Upon the other side of the click i is a pin 7, projecting
sufficiently far to occupy a position in line with the lever d. To the
click i is attached a spring f, the other end of which is fastened to an
arm extending from the framework. Upon the reed beating up it
will be forced outward, by which means the pin will carry forward
the link c, and cause the lever d to turn upon its centre, the lower end
of which will strike against the pin l, and cause the click i to slide
forward upon the teeth of the ratchet wheel j; this change of position
will have brought the pin h nearer to the end of the slot g upon the
return motion of the lathe, therefore it will be carried forward so as to
cause the click i to effect the necessary motion of the ratchet wheel.
The spring fis for the purpose of preventing the catch i from being
carried more forward than the absolute motion of the lever d.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it
to be understood that I claim as secured to me under the above in part
recited Letters Patent,-
:
Firstly, the general arrangement of apparatus for raising and lowering
the shuttle boxes, and particularly the adaptation of the click for
shifting the lifting cam, and that for actuating the jacquard to the

page_text: same vibrating lever; also causing the lifting cam to revolve backward
or. forward by apparatus governed in its action by a jacquard or
equivalent thereto.
Secondly, the application of screens above the pickers of rising box
looms, such screens being kept down by springs, and capable of removal
at pleasure by the attendant.
Thirdly, the application of the picker of rising box looms for the
purpose of forming a yielding resistance to the passage of the shuttle,
together with means for withdrawing it from the shuttle boxes.
Fourthly, as applied to that description of taking up motion above
described, I claim connecting the lever a positively to the reed case,
instead of by a spring as usually practised; and also to the application
of the slotted piece g, attached to the lathe sword for drawing the
click forward.
In witness whereof, I, the said Arthur Elliott, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-ninth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
ARTHUR ELLIOTT. (L.S.)
ARTHUR ELLIOTT. (L.S.)