IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MODE OF TREATING BISCUITS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel, Civil Engineer and
Patent Agent, in the City of Hamburg, for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MODE OF TREATING BISCUITS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED
THEREWITH." A communication from Wilhelm Gaedke, of Hamburg, in the
German Empire.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Friedrich Hermann Felix
Engel at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th March
1881.
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, in the
City of Hamburg. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF TREATING BISCUITS, AND
IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH." A communication from Wilhelm Gaedke,
of Hamburg, in the German Empire.
The mode hitherto in use of cooling biscuits when delivered from the bake oven
gives a considerable loss by breakage and cracking, which loss amounts with several
sorts of biscuits to fifty per cent. of the manufacture.
The object of this Invention is to prevent this loss almost entirely; for which
purpose the biscuits are brought directly after being taken from the oven into
closed cases or boxes, which are by means of mantels or linings of bad conductors of
heat protected against fast cooling off. The result is that the surface of the biscuits
as well as the inner parts of the latter do not dry up as quickly as was formerly
the case, and also the cooling off of the biscuits takes much longer time than
before. The time required for cooling off varies with the different sorts of biscuits,
and for the purpose of regulating this duration of time the boxes or cases are
furnished with .openings, which may more or less be closed by suitable dampers,
slides, or covers, and by which the entrance of the outer air to the manufactured
biscuits may be regulated, as also hot or tempered air may be introduced.
biscuits retain a damp or moist surface for a longer time than before during the
process of cooling off, which surface consequently hardens only very slowly, and
does from this reason not get cracked as before. The loss is by this mode reduced
to five per cent. and less.
The

page_text: The apparatuses employed for carrying this Invention into effect consist of
wooden or metal frames forming compartments, into which the above mentioned
boxes or cases are placed, or into which are placed the pans together with the
biscuits when taken from the oven. The frames are mounted on wheels for the
purpose of transportation. The boxes or cases are partly drawn out from the
frames and are filled with the hot biscuits directly from the oven and are then
closed. The inner walls of the boxes or cases may be lined with felt or other
woollen material to prevent dripping down of the condensed steam coming from the
biscuits, or the inner walls of the boxes or cases may be double, and those next to
the biscuits be made of wire or perforated metal or wood.
Those sorts of biscuits which do not directly loosen from the pans when drawn
from the oven are together with the pans placed into compartments of the frame,
and the entrance of outer cold air to the inner frame is excluded by felt or woollen
carpet placed before the side openings of the frame.
The frames when fitted with boxes or pans are rolled to stationary stands formed
of wood or metal bars, and the boxes or pans are carefully shifted over to these
stands and the manufacture is there allowed to cool off slowly.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 30th September 1881.
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, in the
City of Hamburg, Germany. " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF TREATING
BISCUITS AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH." A communication from
Wilhelm Gaedke, of Hamburg, in the German Empire.
The mode hitherto in use of cooling biscuits when delivered from the bake oven
gives a considerable loss by breakage and cracking, which loss amounts with several
sorts of biscuits to fifty per cent. of the manufacture.
The object of this Invention is to prevent this loss almost entirely; for which.
purpose the biscuits are brought directly after being taken from the oven into
closed boxes or cases, which are by means of mantels or linings of bad conductors of
heat protected against fast cooling off. The result is that the surface of the biscuits
as well as the inner parts of the latter do not dry up as quickly as was formerly
the case, and also the cooling off of the biscuits takes a much longer time than
before. The time required for cooling off varies with the different sorts of biscuits,
and for the purpose of regulating this duration of time the boxes or cases are
furnished with openings, which may more or less be closed by suitable dampers,
slides, or covers, and by which the entrance of the outer air to the manufactured
biscuits may be regulated, as also hot or tempered air may be introduced.
biscuits retain a damp or moist surface for a longer time than before during the
process of cooling off, which surface consequently hardens only very slowly, and
from this reason does not get cracked as heretofore. The loss is by this mode
reduced to five per cent. and less.
The
The apparatuses employed for carrying this Invention into effect consist of
wooden or metal frames forming compartments, into which the above mentioned
boxes or cases are placed, or into which are placed the pans together with the
biscuits when taken from the oven. The frames are mounted on wheels for the
purpose of transportation. The boxes or cases are partly drawn out from the
frames and are filled with the hot biscuits directly from the oven and are then
closed. The inner walls of the boxes or cases may be lined with felt or other
woollen material to prevent dripping down of the condensed steam coming from
the biscuits, or the inner walls of the boxes or cases may be double, and those next
to the biscuits be made of wire or perforated metal or wood.
Instead of the above described boxes flat tubular cases of round, oval, or square
section may be employed for the reception of the damp biscuits, which tubular
cases are likewise lined with felt or other suitable material for preventing the
cooling off, and are furnished with openings for regulating the process of cooling
and for removing of the condensed water or part of same.
These tubular cases are preferably placed in a horizontal plane, and the pans
containing the biscuits are led through the said tubular cases by endless chains or
by an endless cloth passing through the cases.
The ends of the cases are
furnished with covers or flaps to reduce the escape of the moist warm air as far as
required.
Those sorts of biscuits which do not directly loosen from the pans when drawn
from the oven are together with the pans placed into compartments of the frame,
and the entrance of outer cold air to the inner frame is excluded by felt or
woollen carpet placed before the side openings of the frame.
The frames when filled with boxes or pans are rolled to stationary stands formed
of wood or metal bars, and the boxes or pans are carefully shifted over to these
stands and the manufactured article is there allowed to cool off slowly.

page_text: Having now described the nature and particulars of the said Invention, I
claim :-
The mode or method of treating biscuits for preventing or reducing breakage
and cracking thereof in the manufacture by bringing biscuits direct from the oven
into the closed boxes, casings, or tubes lined with felt or other bad conductors of the
heat, such closed boxes, casings, or tubes being furnished with adjustable openings for
the purpose of retaining for a longer time the moisture and hot air products of
the manufacture, and for regulating the efflux of such air so as to prevent fast
external cooling off of the biscuits, substantially in the manner as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty eighth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.