✓ IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Brierly, of Chorley, in the County
of Lancaster. Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
✓ IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 28th April 1854, and dated the 2nd November 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry. Brierly at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 2nd November 1853.
I, HENRY BRIERLY, of Chorley, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES" to be as follows:
My Invention relates to that machine known as the mule, and con-
sists, firstly, in a novel method of effecting that motion thereof called
the backing off, and also operations connected therewith. The first
point of novelty has reference to the means employed for bringing the
brake into action for the purpose of arresting the motion of the spindles,
my object being to perform that operation in a comparatively gradual
manner. The brake and its wheel are kept apart at the proper time by

page_text: means of a disc constituting a portion of a circle, but when they are
required to be brought together the said disc is, by suitable gearing,
caused to revolve so as to pass a catch which holds the brake, and thereby
allow it to be drawn by springs or weights on to the friction wheel. In
order, however, to effect a gradual operation the disc is provided with
an angular piece or cam, in contact with which the catch or a part con-
nected therewith passes; the rotation of the disc being then continued
effects the gradual application of the brake, an arrangement of rods
and levers-at-the-same. time-shifting the driving strap on to the pulley
for backing off. The revolving disc above described we also use for
regulating the amount of twist after the stretch is performed by varying
the extent of its surface which keeps the catch back, and therefore pre-
vents the shifting of the strap on to the loose pulley. Another point of
novelty is an improvement upon a Patent granted to me in conjunction
with William Eccles, bearing date 2nd March 1847. In the "Specifi-
cation of that Patent we described an arrangement of wheels upon the
principle of the "sun and planet" motion for. backing off; but in such
case the movement was effected while the carriage was in motion.
According to "iny present Invention I use the said "sun and planet"
motion, but adapt it in such manner that the operation of backing off
is effected while the carriage is standing still.
Another part of my Invention consists in a method of giving motion
to the regulating screw of the winding on apparatus. To the carriage
I adapt a serrated piece mounted upon a lever, which, being caused to
descend at proper intervals, takes into corresponding teeth of a bar,
which bar carries a rack at one end gearing into a pinion; the serrated
piece being then drawn on with the carriage will pull forward the rack,
and consequently turn the pinion, the rotatory motion of which is com
municated to the screw by suitable gearing. Upon the serrated piece
being caused to rise- the rack will be at liberty to return by the agency
of springs or weights and this it does without moving the screw in the
reverse direction, the former motion having been effected through the
intervention of a click and ratchet wheel.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry-Brierly in the Great Seal Patent Office on
..the 2nd May 1854.
1-TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME,-I,
HENRY BRIERLY, of Chorley, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date. the Second day of November, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
seventeenth year of 'Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant' unto me, the said Henry. Brierly, Her especial
licence that I, the said Henry Brierly; my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I the said Henry Brierly, my execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with; and no
other's, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed; should and lawfully imight make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands; and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Henry Brierly, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Brierly, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Drawing (that is to say):
This Invention consists of certain iniproved combinations of mecha-
nism which are for the purpose of being used to produce certain
movements in the machine called the "mule," and which are especially
applicable to those machines known as "self-acting mules." The first

page_text: part of the Invention consists of a certain combination of mechanism
for the purpose of producing a gradual stoppage of the spindles after
the operation of spinning the stretch has been completed, and before
the movement called "backing off" takes place. This stoppage of the
spindles has generally been performed in self-acting mules in a sudden
and abrupt manner, whereby an injurious strain was thrown upon the
driving bands and other apparatus in connection with the spindles, and
it is to avoid this evil that the combination of mechanism for stopping
the spindles which is herein-after described is employed. The second
part of the Invention consists of an improved combination of mechanism
for effecting the operation termed "backing off." In this arrangement I
employ a system of wheels constituting a "sun and planet motion" in
connection with a break, which apparatus was also described in the
Specification of a Patent granted to me and to William Eccles on the
Second day of March, One thousand eight hundred and forty-seven. In
that case, however, the said "sun and planet" motion was used in com-
bination with other mechanism for effecting the backing off during
the motion of the carriage, whereas according to my present improve-
ment, it comes into operation while the carriage is standing still.
Another part of my Invention, according to my Provisional Specifica-
tion, consisted in a method of giving motion to the screw of the
winding on apparatus. Since the filing thereof, however, I have found
by experiment that the same is not of sufficient practical utility, and
make no claim thereto.
: In the annexed Sheet of Drawings Fig. 1 represents an elevation in
side view of the headstock of a mule, shewing such parts as are necessary
to be introduced for the purpose of explaining the working of the Inven-
tion. Fig. 2, represents an end view of the same from the back. Figs.
3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, and 7, represent certain of the details contained in
Fig. 1 on a larger scale for the purpose of rendering the construction of
those parts more readily understood, but the proportions of the several
-parts-may be-very-considerably varied-from-those-here-shewn according
to the particular class of work which the machine may be intended to
produce. In Fig: 1, let, A. represent the framing of the headstock, and
B, the driving shaft of the mule working in suitable bearings thereon.

page_text: Upon shaft B are three strap pulleys 1, 2, and 3. Pully 1, is fast
upon the shaft; pully 2, is loose; and pully 3, is also loose, but has
attached to its boss the spur wheel 46. While the operation of spinning
is being performed the driving strap runs upon pulley 1, turning the
shaft B, upon one end of which is the band pully C. From the latter
an endless band proceeds round the pullyes c, c², c, to the pully c',
which gives motion to the roller or drum shaft for driving the spindles
in the usual and well known manner. The drawing rollers (the
position of which is indicated at a,) are also turned, and the carriage D
(shewn in section) made to recede therefrom by any of the usual
modes employed for those purposes, motion being given to the apparatus
for effecting those movements by the spur wheel G. The carriage
having receded to the required distance from the rollers, and the proper
amount of twist having been communicated to the yarn, it is then
necessary to stop the revolution of the spindles in order that the
operation of backing off may be performed previous to returning
the carriage towards the rollers, and winding the stretch of yarn
upon the spindles. This operation is effected as follows:-At one
end of the shaft B is a small spur wheel 4, which geers into a
larger spur wheel 7. This latter wheel is loose' upon the boss of a
ratchet wheel 6, and is furnished with palls or catches which take into
the teeth of that wheel. The ratchet wheel 6 is furnished with two
bosses, and upon the end of the longer boss is the worm 9, and loose
upon this boss is placed another spur wheel 5, similar to wheel 7, and
furnished in the same manner with palls also taking into the wheel 6.
This mechanism will be more readily understood by inspecting Figures
3, and 4, which shew the parts in section; 8, is a long stud bolted to
the framing; upon this is the ratchet wheel 6, and loose upon the bosses
are the two spur wheels 5, and 7, the latter being kept close-up to the
ratchet wheel by a collar 72, fastened on the boss thereof by a set screw.
Each of the wheels 5, and 7, is furnished with catches m, taking into
wheel 6, which latter is made wide enough in the teeth to allow the
catches on the two wheels 5, and 7, to pass each other without touch-
ing. It is obvious that if wheel 4 now cause wheel 7 to revolve in
the direction in which the catches m point, the wheel 6 will be turned

page_text: '
"
in the same direction, although wheel 5 remain stationary, as the catches
of the latter will in that case slip over the teeth of wheel 6; and if the
motion of wheels 4, and 7, were, to cease, and a wheel 13, upon another
shaft H, were to, tun wheel 5 in the same direction, the motion of
wheel 6 would be continued by the catches on wheel 5. Thus an
alternate motion of, the two shafts 'B, and H; may be made to keep up
a continuous motion of wheel 6, and any apparatus in connection there-
with. The worm 9; connected to wheel 6, takes into a worm wheel 10,
placed upon a short cross shaft working in a bearing attached to the
framing, and at the end of this cross shaft is the small, bevil wheel 11,
which is made to act at intervals upon another small bevil wheel. 12.
This latter wheel is placed upon a small side shaft Z; answering to that
known in mules as the twist shaft, which is supported in a bearing
14, and at the other end of this shaft is a flat round plate 15, (shown
also in Figures 5, 5.5) which has a notch cut therein, and a piece of:
metal. 16 so attached as to form an inclined plane with the surface of
the plate (see Figure 6). 19, represents a short rod sliding in brackets
attached to the framing, and on this rod is-à pin 20, which takes into
a slot in the upper end of a lever 21, the fulcrum of which is at 22,
upon which centre it has a tendency to turn by means of a weight. 23.
The effect of this lever is to draw the. rod .19 towards the back of the
headstock when not restrained by the catch 17, which rests during the
operation of spiming against the front of the plate 15, as represented
in Fig. 1 There is another pin 28 on this rod, which takes into a
. slot in the bent lever 29, 31, tlie fulcrum of which is, at 30: The short
end 31 of this lever acts when required, upon another lever 32, (see
Figure 2) the. fulcrum of which is at 32. . About midway of this
lever is a stud 54, on which is the latch 55, 55, which takes hold of a
pin 59 in the break or friction piece K, so that when the end 32 of
the lever. 39, 32, is pressed upwards, the latch will press the break K'
upon the friction pully K. This latter pully is not fast upon the
shaft B, but is so connected therewith by intermediate geering (as
herein-after described) that when the revolutions of pully K are
stopped, the revolutions of the shaft B, and consequently of the spindles,
anust cease also... The stopping of the spindles is thus effectedWhile

page_text: the operation of spinning is being performed, the small bevil wheel 12
is: out of igeer with wheel 11, and the twist shaft Z, with the plate 15,
is consequently stationary, and stands. in a position such as that shewn
at Fig. 5, with the catch 17 resting against it; but when the carriage
is finishing the running out, a bracket 100 is made to come in contact
with a finger upon a sliding rod 101 and draw that rod a short distance
forward. This rod is jointed' to the lower part of lever 103, the
fulcrum of which is 104, and à pin about midway of that lever takes
into a groove in the boss of wheel 12, which latter wheel slides upon a
feather or key in the shaft Z, so that the rod 101, being moved forward
by the carriage as already mentioned, will cause the lever 103 to pusli
the wlieel 12 into geèr with wheel 11; and the shaft Zthen begins to
revolve in the direction indicated by the arrow's flight at. Fig 5:
When the plate 15 has moved round far enough. to bring the notch in
the plate over against the catch 17, the weighted lever 21 will be
allowed to draw back the rod-19, (the catch 17 passing through the
notch in the plate,) and the pin 28 moving the lower end of the lever
29, 31, also backwards, will raise the end 31, and this raising the end
32 of the lever-32, 32, will, cause the latch 55.to press the break K'
upon the pully K, and by arresting tlie motion of that pulley will cause
the revolutions of the shaft B, and of the spindles; to be arrested
also the driving strap being by the same: movement brought from
pulley 1, to pulley 3; by means of a finger 25, in rod 19,'acting upon a
stud 26, in. the strap rod E, to which is connected the strap guide F".
The break. pulley is covered with leather, and, the break..lined with
the same material, so as to create a large amount of friction between
the two when pressed together. Now this stopping of tlie spindles is
prevented from being too abrupt by the introduction of the piece 16,
which, as already mentioned; forms an inclined plane with the plate 15.
For if this piece were not there, the action of the weighted. lever 21
would draw back the rod 19, change the driving strap from pulley 1, tó
pulley 3, and press the break Kupon the pulley K almost instanta
neously as soon as the notch in the plate-15 came opposite the catch: 17:
This instantaneous effect, however, is prevented by the inclined: piece
16; as the lever can only draw back the rod 19 as the plate slowly

page_text: continues to move round, and 'allows the catch 17 to pass gradually
backwards as the inclined piece moves away from before it. This
prevents tlie action of the parts from being too sudden, and the break K"
being thus pressed gradually upon the pulley K, instead of being
suddenly applied thereto with full force, causes the cessation of motion
in the driving apparatus and spindles to take place without any violent
or injurious reaction. In order to render the action of these parts
more complete there is a small wheel 13 on the end of the lower
shaft H, (which shaft is actuated by the wheel 46, attached to the
loose pulley 3,) and as the gradual sliding back of the rod 19 brings
the driving strap off pulley 1, and the motion of wheels 4, and 7,
thereby cease, the strap coming upon pulley 3, and setting in motion the
shaft H, causes the wheels 13, and 5, to continue the motion of ratchet
wheel 6, and consequently of worm 9, and by means of wheels 10, 11,
and 12, of the shaft Z, and plate 15, until the inclined plane 16 has
been moved round far enough wholly to leave the catch 17, and thus
allow the break to be pressed with the full force of the weighted lever 21
upon the pulley K, and thereby bring the driving apparatus to a stand,
the break remaining in contact with the pulley K, and holding it fast
while the operation of backing off' takes place which must now be per-
formed, and which is effected in the following manner:-The pulley K,
as already mentioned, is not fast upon the shaft B, but runs loosely
thereon, and has attaclied to its boss a bevil wheel 52. Fast on the
shaft B is another similar bevil wheel 53, placed so as to face wheel 52,
and between these two, and in geer with both, is another similar bevil
wheel 51. The latter wheel turns upon a pivot attached between the
centre and circumference of a large spur wheel 50, the whole forming
the arrangement known as the "sun and planet" motion, wheel 51,
both turning on its own centre, and being carried round with wheel 50
during its revolutions, the wheel 50 being loose upon shaft B. On
the lower shaft H is a small spur wheel 49, which geers into wheel 50;
and upon this shaft is also keyed a larger spur wheel 48, which geers
into an intermediate wheel 47, working upon a pivot attached to the
framing, and the latter geers into wheel 46, attached to the boss of
pulley 3. Thus although, pulley K is not fast upon shaft B, yet the

page_text: wheel 52, attached to the boss of the pulley, being in geer with wheel 51,
and the latter in geer with wheel 53, it is obvious that the pulley K,
and wheel 52, being stopped, the wheel 51, being thus prevented from
turning on its own axis, must stop wheel 53 also, and the driving strap
being brought at the same time from pulley 1, to pulley 3, assists this
effect by preventing the impetus of shaft 13 from causing the wheel 58
to swing round the wheels 51 and 50, and geering connected therewith,
because the strap now begins, through the medium of wheels 46, 47,
48, 49, 50, and 51, to act upon the wheel 53 in the reverse direction
from that in which it has revolved during the operation of spinning,
and produces the movement of backing off as follows:-The strap
baving been brought as aforesaid upon pulley 3, and the break K'
pressing upon and holding fast the pulley K, as before mentioned, that
pulley remains stationary and also holds fast the wheel 52, while the
strap is turning pulley 3, wheels 46, 47, 48, the shaft II, wheel 49,
and thereby wheel 50, the latter wheel now turning slowly in the
direction shewn by the arrow's flight thereon. Now, while spinning,
the driving strap turns the shaft B, and band pulley C, in the direction
indicated by the arrow's flight on pulley 2, and the spindles revolve in a
direction corresponding thereto, the wheel 53 (which is fast on shaft B)
merely causing the wheels 51, and 52, and the pulley K, to revolve
loosely without producing any effect. This "being understood, it is
obvious that when pulley K, and wheel 52; are held fast while wheel
50 is turned in the direction indicated thereon by the driving strap
being brought upon pulley 3, the wheel 51, being carried round by the
wheel 50, must also turn on its axis by being in geer with wheel 52,
revolving in the direction indicated by the arrow's flight upon it, and
the, wheel 51 being in geer with wheel 58, that wheel will be turned
also and 'in the direction shewn by the arrow's flight upon it, and being
fast upon shaft B, the shaft and band pulley C must be turned thereby
in the, same direction. But it will be seen that the motion of wheel
53, and consequently of the shaft B, and band pulley C, is 'now in a
direction contrary to that in which they revolved during the opera-
tion of spinning, that being indicated (as aforesaid) by the arrow's
flight on pulley 2, and: consequently the spindles will now be turned

page_text: backwards, and will unwind a portion of the yarn from off them
so as to allow the descent of that part of the machine called the
faller." This backward motion will continue as long, as the break
K' continues to be pressed upon pulley K, and when the break is
disengaged therefrom the action of backing off ceases, the pulley
then being again at liberty, to revolve loosely as before, and pro-
ducing, no further effect upon the spindles until again pressed upon
by the break after the spinning of another stretch... The manner
in which the break is disengaged from the pulley K, and the amount
of backing off regulated, is as follows: On the drum or roller shaft
(inside the carriage) is fixed a ratchet, wheel 200, with the teeth
thereof pointing in a direction contrary, to that in which the shaft
revolves while twisting the yarn, which is indicated by the arrow's
flight at c. Close to the ratchet wheel is placed a plate 45 loose on
the shaft, but furnished with catches, as shewn.. Attached to this plate
is a small scroll-shaped piece of metal (see Figure 7), to which a
small chain 42 is connected at one end; and the other end is attached
to the sector 41, upon the rod of the faller 40, passing in its way
between these two points under the small pulley 48, which is placed
upon a pivot at or near one end of a small upright lever 35, 36, which
works upon a stud in a bracket. attached to the front of the carriage,
as shewn (see Figure 1). The same stud which carries the small
pulley 43 is, made to rest against the back. of..an. upright piece 37,
. the upper end of which is formed into a latch 37, while the lower end
is furnished with a bowl 44, which rests upon the shaper rail placed
under the carriage, as indicated by the line 44. There is a small
latch 34 suspended from a pivot in a bracket attached to the framing,
as shewn, and this latch supports the heavier end of the "long lever" J
by the stud 33 resting. tliereon during the operation of spinning. The
fulcrum of the lever J is at J in a stând screwed to the floor, and the
shorter, end J of this lever comes under one end 57* of a small
Flever 57, (see Figure 2,) which is also supported by a stand screwed
to the floor or framing, and having for its fulcrum a stud or pivot.58.
The shorter end 57 of this small: lever is jointed to the lower end of a
rod. 56, the upper end of which is connected to the. projecting arm 55%

page_text: of the latch 55. Upon the faller rod 40, in addition to the sector 41,
upon which the chain 42 acts, a toothed sector 39, geered into a
short upright rack 38, which is capable of sliding up and down in a
bracket attached to the carriage for that purpose. The mode of dis-
engaging the break is thus:While the machine, is spinning the
pulley c' in the carriage revolves in the direction shewn by the arrow's
flight there, and the ratchet wheel 200 being also fast, upon the shaft
turns in the same direction, and consequently has then no effect upon
the catches in the plate 45, which thus remains stationary, being, as
before mentioned, loose upon the shaft, and the fallers and other appa-
ratus are in the several positions shewn at Figure -1; the faller (40)
being retained in its position by, the application of spiral springs
(as 90) in the well-known manner. But when the pulley-c¹ is turned
in the reverse direction during the action of backing off, as herein-
before described, the ratchet wheel, 200, having its motion also re-
versed, acts upon the catches in the plate 45, and by turning that plate
round a certain distance causes the small scroll-shaped piece of metal
attached thereto to wind round it a portion of the small chain 42, and
this pulls down the sector 41, and consequently the faller wirc, aud
this again raises the rack 38,, by the action, of the sector 39, until the
lower end of the rack comes above the latch 37 at the upper end of
the piece 37. As soon as this, is the case the drag of the chain acting
upon the pulley 43, (which, as before mentioned, is placed, on a pivot
in the upper part of the short lever 35, 36, and which pivot also rests
against the piece 37,) causes the latch 37 instantly to close up to the
rack 38; this movement causes the upper end 36 of the piece 35, 36, to
move a short distance inwards or towards the carriage, and this throws
the lower end 35 in a corresponding degree, outwards, and this lower
end being furnished with a stud which is made to strike against tlie
latch 34 throws back this latch off the stud 33, and the long end of
the large lever J having then no support falls down upon a stud. 34"
placed for the purpose: This falling of the long end of the lever J
causes the shorter end Je to rise, and to raise the end 57% of the small
lever 57, and depresses the end 57 thereof. This latter end being
depressed pulls down, by means of the rod 56, the part 55° of the

page_text: latch 55, and by so doing throws the latch off the pin 59 in the
-break K'; and the break being no longer pressed upon the pulley K
falls out of contact therewith, and rests upon a pin or screw K² placed
for the purpose. The pulley K being. thus liberated, the backing off
'ceases, the pulley beginning again to revolve loosely on the shaft B, as
before explained. The amount of backing off is regulated by the
-distance the rack 38 has to rise before being latched upon the
piece 37, and as the shaper rail 44 falls gradually at every suc-
ceeding stretch in the usual manner, it follows that the piece 37 will
be lower at each succeeding stretch than at the preceding one, and this
will cause a less movement of the rack 38 to take place before the
closing up of the latch and disengagement of the break. Thus a
progressive diminution of the backing off will take place throughout
the cop according to the ratio of descent of the shaper rail and
piece 37, this corresponding with the varying height at which the
yari is being wound upon the spindle, to which the variation of
the backing off becomes thus adapted. The amount of backing off
can never, however, vary improperly through any variation in the
tension of the driving band, owing to a change of temperature or other
causes, as the pulley must always turn so far round as to cause the
ratchet wheel 200, and plate 45, to pull down the faller so as to latch
the rack 38 on the piece 37; and the only disadvantage that can arise
from such a variation in the tension of the band will be, that when the
band is tight it will perform the operation somewhat quicker than when
working slack, being in the latter case somewhat liable to slip round
the pulley c¹. In order to bring the scroll to which the chain 42 is
attached back to its starting position a chain and weight may be
attached to the boss thereof, as at 45", Fig. 7, and by the use of a pin
in the plate, which is made to rest against a stop in the usual manner,
the scroll may be made to start from any required position. Instead
of the four catches shewn in Fig. 1, as being attached to the plate 45,
the common single catch and friction clip ordinarily used for-a similar
purpose may be employed. Instead of the three bevil wheels 51, 52,
and 53, four spur wheels may be made use of, two of which, connected
to one short shaft, may be carried round by wheel 50, (the shaft working

page_text: in a bearing in one of the arms thereof,) while the other two answer in
place of wheels 52, and 53. Figure 8, illustrates an arrangement of
this kind. Wheel 50, has, in one of its arms a boss affording a
bearing for a short shaft, on the two ends of which are two spur wheels
51, 51, while wheel 52 is supposed to be attached to the boss of a
break pulley, and wheel 53 to be fast on the driving shaft of the
mule. Now if wheel 52 be held by the action of a break in the
manner herein-before described while wheel 50 is turned, wheel 51"-
being in geer with wheel 52 will turn on its axis, and consequently
wheel 51 will revolve also, and will turn wheel 53, and the shaft
upon which it is fastened, and the ratio and direction of the motion
given to wheel 53 will depend upon the relative size of the four wheels.
51, 51, 52, and 58, which may be variously proportioned according to
circumstances. The backing off having been thus effected, the carriage
is returned towards the rollers, and the yarn is guided upon the spindles
by the action of the shaper rail 44, upon the bowl 44, at the foot of
the upright piece 37, (the rail being actuated in the usual manner,)
and wound into the form of a "cop" by the application of any of the
known mechanical means employed for that purpose. A ready mode.
of putting in action the drawing-in motion of the carriage is shewn at
Figure 2. Let I represent a bevil wheel upon the end of the shaft H,
and let this wheel be geered into a similar wheel L, placed loose upon
the upper end of the upright shaft M, and having attached to it the
upper half of the catch box N. The part between the bevil wheel and
box is turned so as to form a supporting collar, and works in a bearing
fixed to the headstock. Below the part N of the catch box is placed
the other corresponding part O, which slides upon a key in the shaft M,
and is placed into and out of gear with the part N by the lever T, the
fulcrum of which is at T. This lever has a pin about midway of its
length, which takes into a groove in the boss of the lower half of the
catch box. The lever T is supported by a rod Te, which connects it
with the break lever 32, 32, and the length of this rod should be so
adjusted that when the end 32 of the break lever is raised so as to
press the break upon the pulley K, the lower part 0 of the catch box.
will be just out of gear with the upper part N; and when the break is
.

page_text: unilatched.in the manner herein-before described; the weighted lever 21
will make a second motion of the rod 19, and of the bent lever 29,
31, the end 31 making a second motion upwards, and consequently
communicating a second rise to the lever 32, and this -second rise will,
by means of the rod T, pull up the lever so far as to draw the lower
part of the catch box into geer with the part N. The shaft M
will now begin to revolve, and a bevil wheel Pfastened at the lower
part thereof may turn another bevil wheel Q, placed upon a cross
shaft: R, working in bearings in the headstock; and upon the latter
either the well-known spiral scroll, or any other apparatus which may
seein most suitable; may be placed; and made to draw up tlie carriage in
the usual. manner: When the carriage is finishing 'the' running in a
long bowl,300 attached to a bracket therein comes upon the curved
part J of the short end Jof the long lever and by depressing that
end raises the longer end, restores the stud 33 to its position upon the
latch 34, and at the same time the same bowl is made to come in
contact with the lower end 24 of the lever 21, and thereby push. back
that end, and restore the lever to the position shewn in Figure 1.
Aš this. latter movement is performed gradually while the carriage
is passing through the last few inches of the running in there
would be danger of the catch box O coming out of geer with
the part N too soon, and thereby rendering the running in of the
carriage incomplete, but in order to prevent this a latch S, S', is used,
which while the catch box is out of geer rests against the lever T, as
shewn in Figure 1, and when that lever is raised so as to geer the box
the upper part St closes up underneath the lever by the gravitation of
the lieavier part S. This acts as a lock to the catéli box, and a small
bowl is placed at the back of the carriage, as at 500, which comes under-
neath the part S, just as the carriage runs close up, and by raising that
part puts back the part S" from underneath the lever T, and 'allows
that lever to fall down a certain distance by its own gravitation and
that of the break lever 32, and so put the catch box out of geer. This
movement is rendered more decisive by the application of a spiral
spring 600,-which is connected at one end to the lever T, and at the
other to the short end³J of the lever J, as shewn in Figure 2; and this

page_text: spring-being so adjusted as to be brought into a state of tension by the
depression of that part of the lever as the carriage runs in “will” cause `
the disengagement of the catch box to be instantaneous upon the
putting back of the latch. S..When the carriage commences running
in the bracket 100, leaving the finger upon the rod 101; will allow
a spring 700, which is always pressing against the lever,103, to
put back the lower end of that lever, and by so doing draw back the
wheel 12 out of gear with wheel '11, and 'the twist shaft and plate 15
being thus left at liberty, a balance weight 800, which is placed upon a
short rod or finger at the front end of the shaft, falls down by its own
gravity-into the position shewn in Figure 1, and by so doing restores the
plate into the position indicated' in Figure 5, when it will be in a proper
situation for again holding the latch 17, which, by the putting back of
the sliding rod 19, is thrust under the plate 15, and is so constructed that
the part 17 may be depressed as it passes under the plate, and 'rise up
at the front-side thereof, as shewn in Figure 1, (where it will be seen that
the catch is formed to work upon a pivot in the rod 19, and the end
17, which is the heavier end, rests on a small pin in 'the rod, as shewn,).
when it will again retain the rod in its proper position during the
spinning of the next stretch, and until the next movement of the plate:
brings 'the catch again opposite the notch in the plate, when the same-
process of stopping. the spindles and backing off, as herein-before
described will be repeated. In order to prevent the balance weight
800 from swinging beyond the proper point a stop pin is adapted, as at
800,-Figure 5, which may be affixed to any part of the stationary
framing. The exact position of the plate 15 during the operation of
spinning will depend on the amount of twist which it is desired-to put
into the yarn after the carriage has finished: receding from the rollers,
and this will be regulated by the distance at.which the catch 17 rests
from the notch in the plate, as from a, to b, Fig. 5, as it is obvious that
the distance a, b, being greater or less will cause the amount of twist
communicated after the running out of the carriage to be greater or
less in proportion; the space a, b, having to be moved through by the
plate before the catch 17 can pass through the notch-therein, and this
space a, b, may be varied at pleasure by adjusting the relative position of

page_text: the balance weight 800, and plate, so as to place the notch (Figure 5)
at a greater or less distance from the perpendicular line in which the
weight hangs, as illustrated by Figures 5ª and 5. The longer end 57
of the short lever 57 being set at liberty, by the drepressing of the
end J of the lever J, as the carriage runs in, will also descend, and
by raising the rod 56 (the weight of which it is made heavy enough to
overcome) will restore the latch 55 into the situation shewn in Fig. 2,
when it will be ready to again take hold of the pin 59 in the break,
so as again to press the break upon the pulley K, when required. In
the upright piece 37 is a pin 37, which coming in contact with a
piece 37 attached to the headstock, as the carriage finishes the running
in, will push back the upper end of the piece 37; and by so doing will
draw the latch 37 from underneath the rack 38, and the faller will then
instantly rise up into the position shewn in Fig. 1, by the tension of the
springs (90) used for keeping it in that position during the operation of
spinning, which, as already mentioned, are applied in the usual manner.
The driving strap is restored from pulley 3, back to pulley 1, by the
gravitation of the small weighted lever 27, which when the lever 21
restores the rod 19 into the position shewn in Fig. 1, and the finger 25
no longer acts upon the stud 26, immediately draws back the rod E
into the situation shewn in that Figure, and by means of the strap
guide again brings the driving strap upon pulley 1, when the
operation of spinning again recommences.
In order, however, to pre-
vent the strap from leaving the pulley 3 too quickly, and thus pro-
ducing an irregularity in the drawing up of the carriage, a catch 900
is introduced, and this catch, while the machine is spinning, is held by
a projection 21, extending from the lever 21, in the situation shewn
in Fig. 1; and when the upper part of that lever moves backwards in
changing the strap and applying the break, as herein-before described,
the latch is set at liberty, and the pin 902 in the strap rod coming
underneath it by the drawing back of that rod is laid hold of thereby,
and thus the strap rod is held so as to keep the strap on the pulley 3,
until the carriage is just finishing the running in, when the projec-
tion 21 of the lever 21 is made to come in contact with the lower
end of the catch 900, and so disengage it from the pin 902, when the

page_text: rod will immediately be drawn by the action of the weighted lever 27,
so as to place the strap on the pulley 1 as aforesaid. This being
arranged so as to liberate the strap rod only just as the carriage
finishes the running in, will be found to render the drawing up of the
carriage perfectly certain and uniform, without the necessity of making
it close up at all violently. The arrangement and action of the counter
faller 41 is exactly the same as heretofore in use in self-acting mules.
When it is desired that the machine shall be at rest the attendant,
by laying hold of the strap rod E, may direct the strap upon the loose
pulley 2, and to retain it in this position a catch 350 may be used,
which may be brought so as to take hold of a pin in the rod; and
when it is desired that the machine shall recommence working, the
catch may be turned over backwards, so as not to interfere with the
working of the rod.
As the several constituent parts of the mechanism herein-before
described are for the most parts not new, but well known and in use, I
do not claim such parts taken separately and in themselves as being of
my Invention; but in order to define particularly what are the improve-
ments herein claimed I do hereby declare that I limit and confine such
claims to the following particulars, viz :-
I claim the mechanical combination herein-before described for the
purpose of effecting the operation of stopping the spindles gradually, and
thus preventing the injurious shock and reaction which are caused
when they are stopped too suddenly; and also the mechanical combina-
tion herein-before described for effecting the operation of backing off.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Brierly, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the First day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
HENRY BRIERLY. (L.s.)