Improved Paper Carriers and Spacing Mechanism, applicable for use on Typewriters or Linotype Machines, Telegraphic Printing and Recording Instruments.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 1st Feb., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 31st Oct., 1898-Accepted, 28th Jan., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Paper Carriers and Spacing Mechanism, applicable for use
on Typewriters or Linotype Machines, Telegraphic Printing and
Recording Instruments.
We, ALPHONSUS GERALD O'FARRELL, of 4, Upper Pembroke Street, in the City
and County of Dublin, Draughtsman, and JAMES.EDWARD SCHUMACHER, of 67,
Union Terrace, in the City and County of York, Engineer, and WALTER RICHARD
MAKINS, of 33 to 37, Parliament Street, York aforesaid, Draper, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
This invention relates to improved paper carriers and spacing mechanism
applicable for use on typewriting or lino type machines, telegraphic printing
and recording instruments, and its object is to provide suitable means or mechanism
whereby, say, a sheet of paper may be typewritten upon continuously from end
to end, by, say for example, any of the well known forms of typewriting machines
having the type mounted, say, on levers, or bars, or rings or otherwise, but without
having to adjust the machine for each line.
According to this invention to and, say, above the framework carrying the type
and manipulating keys,—both of which may be of any well known construction
and operated in the usual manner for machines, say, carrying the type on levers,
or bars, or rings, is hinged or jointed a frame of any suitable size and shape.
In suitable bearings in the hinged framework is or are mounted one or more
fixed horizontal shafts, say for example approximately twice the length of the
Hereinafter mentioned drum or roller, having a screw thread cut in its or their
periphery for a portion (say about one half) of its or their length. On one of the
said shaft or shafts is or are mounted, so as to be free to rotate on the shaft, having
its ends bushed for the purpose, a sleeve of suitable length. In the sleeve is cut
or otherwise provided a slot hole of or about, say, the same length as the screw
thread cut in the periphery of the fixed shaft. On the periphery of the sleeve is
fixed at an angle to its axis and that of the fixed screw shaft a feather or key, or
the slot may be so shaped to answer the same purpose. A drum or roller, hereafter
termed the paper carrier, for receiving the paper is mounted upon the said sleeve
so as to be capable of intermittently sliding horizontally upon, say, its feather or
key simultaneously with an intermittent rotary motion being imparted thereto
as hereafter described. To one end of the said paper carrier is mounted and fixed
a boss or projection in which is screwed or otherwise mounted a pin, the end of
which passes through the slot in the sleeve into the screw threads cut in the
periphery of the fixed horizontal shaft.
The said pin may, if desired, be withdrawn from or inserted into and retained
in the screw thread, by, say, an eccentric or other equivalent means.
The paper, which receives the typewriting, is mounted upon the said carrying
drum or roller with the vertical edges of the sheet parallel or thereabouts with
the feather or key of the sleeve, so that the type written matter may be printed
thereon in one continuous spiral line from end to end of the sheet, but it is so

page_text: arranged that when the sheet is removed from the carrying roller the typewritten
matter is in parallel lines. Suitable spring or other clips or india rubber bands
are provided for holding and retaining the sheet in position; and they may also,
if so desired, be made to serve as guides when inserting the sheet.
At the rear of the hinged framework, but parallel with the fixed shaft, is
mounted a second horizontal shaft, hereafter termed the countershaft, capable of
revolving in bearings provided on the hinged framework. The second horizontal
shaft may or may not have a barrel mounted thereon on which a cord or band,-
having a weight at its end, is wound. In some cases the barrel is mounted upon
a separate pin or stud or shaft below the counter shaft but connected to it in such
a manner as to be capable of being operated by it. The counter shaft and the
sleeve mounted upon the fixed shaft are suitably geared together say for example
three to one, by spur gearing or by a belt and pulleys. The counter shaft may
be intermittently rotated either by hand, or by an electric or other motor when-
ever the drum or roller on which the paper is mounted is required to be driven
forward; it may also be arranged for returning the drum or roller to its normal
position.
At one end of the hinged frame is provided and mounted the escapement move-
ment connected to the key board so as to be controlled by the spacing motion of
the typewriting mechanism.
The escapement may consist either of a shaft mounted, say, in bearings, on the
hinged framework, at or about right angles to the aforesaid shafts. At one end
of the shaft is mounted a lever which is connected to the keyboard of the machine
by means, say, of a cord arranged to pass over one or more pulleys or by a
suitable system of links. On the shaft is mounted a lever armed with an adjustable
spring pawl arranged to engage with a ratchet wheel mounted upon the sleeve.
When the lever is radially moved by the partial rotation of the shaft, caused by
the depression of a key, the pawl is arranged to spring out of its connection with
the tooth of the ratchet wheel and to engage another tooth on so that when the
shaft and lever returns to its normal position the ratchet wheel and sleeve will
be rotated the distance of a tooth,--or, say, space required for the next letter,—-
thereby rotating and traversing the drum or roller carrying the paper.
The
On the counter shaft is mounted and fixed a flange. To the flange is attached
a disc in which is provided a radial slot hole for adjusting purposes. An adjusting
screw is mounted in the flange, at or about a right angle to its face,--and passed
through the slot in the disc for connecting the two portions together.
periphery of the slotted disc may be provided with limited number of projections,
say, for example, three, which are arranged to come in contact with a lever
mounted upon the herein before mentioned transverse shaft, and operated by a
separate lever, also mounted upon the transverse shaft, for regulating, the
marginal space on the sheet. Helical on other springs connected respectively
to the marginal spacing lever and one or more other levers mounted on the trans-
verse shaft may be employed for returning the herein described escapement parts
to their normal position.
In some cases it is found more advantageous to effect the escapement by means
of any arrangement of pawls, mounted respectively on the hinged frame and upon
an intermittent oscillating lever, which is drawn back by key depression and
moved forward by spring, mounted upon the fixed liorizontal screw shaft and
connected at its heel to the key board of the machine. The pawls are made
to act directly upon the ratchet wheel mounted upon the slotted sleeve. A brake
may be employed for retarding purposes during the movement of the pawls.
At one end the counter shaft has a disc mounted on it with a limited number
of projections dependent on the ratio of the gear between the two shafts; a sleeve
on the shaft carries a pawl lever which can engage with one of the projections and
drive it forward, the amount of motion being regulated by two stops, one of which
can be inserted in either of, say, three definite positions, the other being adjust-
able in a slot in a plate attached rigidly to frame. The spring causes its pawl lever

page_text: to fall back against the first pin where it remains till the sleeve is rotated when it
catches the first projection in front of it, driving it forward till it is itself stopped
by adjustable pin when it is let go and falls back. The adjustable stop regulates
the amount of margin, the other stop regulates the number of line spaces.
A bell and hammer, capable of adjustment, actuated from any convenient moving
part of the machine, is also provided for giving a signal when each revolution of
paper carrier is completed.
A thin metal strip with a mark thereon may be attached to the frame arranged
to lay along its side and is employed for indicating the striking centre.
When it is desired to use a continuous supply of paper,-say for telegraphie
purposes, then, instead of employing one paper carrier, two smaller rollers may
be used and be mounted on separate screw shafts, and arranged to travel in opposite.
directions alternately. The screw shafts are mounted in bearings in a framework
or supports, which, in turn, are mounted upon a driving shaft in such a manner
as to be capable of being partially rotated by gearing from any suitable motor, so
as to reverse the position of carriers, the one with completed sheet being brought
uppermost and the sheet removed mechanically, and the other carrier which has
been supplied mechanically with a fresh sheet during its traverse comes into the
printing position. The lower carrier traverses towards the right while the upper
or idle one traverses towards the left usually.
Dated this Tmante ninth dor of Tonu 1808
ALPHONSUS GERALD O'FARRELL.
JAMES EDWARD SCHUMACHER.
WALTER RICHARD MAKINS.
Improved Paper Carriers and Spacing Mechanism, applicable for use
on Typewriters or Linotype Machines, Telegraphic Printing and
Recording Instruments.
We, ALPHONSUS GERALD O'FARRELL, of 4, Upper Pembroke Street, in the City.
and County of Dublin, Draughtsman, and JAMES EDWARD SCHUMACHER, of 67,
Union Terrace, in the City and County of York, Engineer, and WALTER RICHARD
MAKINS, of 33 to 37, Parliament Street, York aforesaid, Draper, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement;-
This invention relates to improved paper carriers and spacing mechanism
applicable for use on typewriting or lino type machines, telegraphic printing
and recording instruments, and its object is to provide suitable means or mechanism
whereby, say, a sheet of paper may be typewritten upon continuously from end
to end, by, say, for example, any of the well known forms of typewriting machines
having the type mounted say, on levers, or bars, or rings or otherwise, but without
having to adjust the machine for each line.
In the drawings hereunto annexed.
Fig. 1 is a part plan looking at the top of a typewriting machine constructed
according to this invention.
Fig. 2 a part end elevation of the machine.
Fig. 3 a part front elevation of means employed for imparting a rotary motion
to the platen roller.
Fig. 4 a part end elevation of escapement operating lever.
Fig. 5 a perspective back view showing "dog" or escapement mechanism with
upper framework of typewriter removed.

page_text: Fig. 6 a perspective view of platen or paper carrier applied to say a Remington
or similar machine.
Fig. 7a part end elevation of escapement operated electrically from the key-
board of the machine.
Fig. 8 a part front elevation of electric magnets for operating same.
Fig. 9 shows an arrangement for driving by manual power.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the views.
A is a light frame supported and sliding backwards and forwards laterally on a
second frame B for printing capitals by means of the bar bas in the ordinary
Remington machine and operated in a similar manner. The frame B is hinged at
its back at B₁ to the framework A* for inspection purposes, to the top plate of a
machine, say, of the Remington or any other pattern. This arrangement may
be modified to suit typewriting machines of almost every pattern.
C is a fixed spindle or shaft supported and its ends held in the bearing cofthe
frame B, having a portion of its length with a screw-thread cut therein as shown
at e, Fig. 1. The pitch of the screw-thread equals, as a rule, the minimum space
between two of the lines of type-writing.
Da sleeve supported by and rotating on the fixed spindle C having its ends
bushed for this purpose. The sleeve D is free to revolve on the fixed spindle 'C,
and it (the sleeve) is provided with a slot d cut therein for about, say, half its
length in the direction of its axis immediately over the screw-threaded part c' of
the spindle C.
A feather of or about equal length to the said screw-thread c¹ projects from
the periphery of the sleeve D for purposes to be presently described. This
feather dis placed at an angle to the axis of the sleeve as shown at Fig. 1.
E is the platen or carrier, hereafter termed a platen, consisting of a cylinder
or barrell mounted on sleeve D and it is prevented from rotating independently
of the said sleeve by means of the feather d' hereinbefore described, but it can
slide lengthways on the sleeve from end to end of the fixed spindle C.
The platen on which the paper R is placed is somewhat larger in circumference
than the width of the sheet of paper, for which the machine is intended, to allow
for it to be securely fastened to the carrier. The carrier is also somewhat longer
than the sheet of paper. To the platen is imparted a revolving and traversing,
or, in other words, a screw motion, and has motion for about its own length. It
will therefore be obvious that if the platen be revolved over the striking centre of
a type writing machine an imaginary continuous spiral line similar to a screw
thread would be traced thereon.
F is a pin, removable at will, but so arranged that it can be fixed in the boss f
at end of platen. The pin F is made to pass through the slot d in the sleeve D
and to gear into screw thread c¹ of the fixed spindle C for causing the platen to
follow the course of the screw on sleeve D. When the sleeve is caused to revolve
the platen will be made to rotate with it and simultaneously the projecting pin F,
by its engagement with screw-thread c will force the sleeve D forward in a
longitudinal direction and thus impart a screw or spiral motion to the platen E.
The platen E and sleeve 1) is rotated by means of a band P
on the sleeve, shown in the drawing at Fig. 1 by a counter shaft L
and pulley P, such counter shaft being driven or actuated by a weight,
clockwork, spring, or other motor; a weight N is shown in the drawings at Fig. 2.
The motion is controlled and proper letter spacing secured by means of a toothed
disc fixed to the sleeve in conjunction with an escapement or dog" to be now
described.
66
H is a disc mounted and fixed to the said sleeve D. On the periphery of the
disc H is cut a number of teeth h, say, equal to the number of letters required to
fill a line of printing on the sheet R for every revolution of the platen E in
addition to allowing the usual space for each letter as is usually provided in type-
writing. A few of the teeth h may be omitted at h¹ Fig. 2, to leave a space
which corresponds with the margins or lap of sheet where no printing is required.

page_text: I is a small shaft arranged, say, at a right angle to the fixed spindle C, and
armed with a handle I capable of being rocked by means of bevel gear I mounted
respectively on shafts I and J and connected by lever I and link X to the key-
board A as hereinafter described. A spring 13, shown at Figs. 2 and 4, is pro-
vided to return the shaft I to its normal position after each operation or stroke of
the key-board, and on the release of the keys.
On the shaft I is mounted an escapement or dog" consisting of two similar
halves K, K', formed of rather wide pieces of metal haying their edges curved
radially from the centre of rocking shaft I, and also formed to suit the shape of
tooth on disc H. The portion K of the "dog" is always rigid whilst its other
part K has a tendency to advance in direction of arrow 1 on being actuated by
means of a flat spring K2 shown at Fig. 2 which is capable of adjustment by set
screw K³ and thus forms a kind of spring pawl or "dog." The part K' of the
dog remains normally in contact with the tooth by means of the spring I attached
to rocking shaft I. This portion of escapement works as follows:-
The escapement when in its normal position is drawn towards the right by
means of spiral spring 13. The spring part K¹ is then in contact with one of the
teeth h of the disc. By the superior force of the driving motor, say weight Ni
it is forced into line with the rigid part K. In the action of pressing a key, the
shaft I is rocked towards the left when the rigid part K of the "dog" enters the
same tooth h that the spring part K has just left, thus preventing the disc moving
while a character is being printed on to the paper R. The spring part K¹ then
being free of the disc H advances or springs forward to the right the distance of
a tooth which on pressure again from the key-board being removed, it enters
before the rigid part K leaves its tooth. The recoil of the spiral spring 13 then
causes the rigid part of K to pass to the right, setting free the tooth which it has
been engaging, the movable part simultaneously entering the following tooth.
The superior force of the motor driven escape wheel H then overcomes the slight
resistance of spring of movable part of K which is thereby forced into line with
rigid part K of same, where it is retained. The escapement disc H will have
advanced the space of one tooth during the operation, that is for each stroke of the
key-board.
Lis a counter shaft arranged parallel with the fixed shaft C mounted in bearings
on the framework B and having at one end a drum M on which a cord N is wound.
To the cord N is attached a weight or spring, a weight N¹ is shown in the drawings
at Fig. 2. At the other and opposite end of shaft L is mounted a disc O provided
with three projections ()¹ 0² 0³ on its periphery. These projections are designed
to engage with an arm or pawl I4, mounted on shaft I, when it is drawn over
sufficiently for the purpose by the keys A for marginal spacing. The pawl is
clear of the teeth of the disc O normally, but on pressing or turning the hand
lever 15 shown at Figs. 1 and 2 it is brought in front of the teeth of the said disc
when the main or rigid part K of the escapement "dog" is completely withdrawn
from the teeth h in the disc H, thus permitting the counter shaft L to revolve
until stopped by the first projection O¹ of disc O coming into contact with the
pawl or lever I
The shaft L and the sleeve D are shown at Fig. 1 connected together by pulley P
and band P in the proportion of three to one. But any other or equivalent form
of transmitting motion, such as spur gearing, to the said two parts may be
employed.
A handle Q may be provided for winding up the weight and bringing platen E
back into its normal and starting position.
R is the sheet of paper secured on the carrier by means of rubber bands or
clips shown in the drawings at Fig. 6.
$ is an alarm bell and T an adjustable pin mounted in slot T cut in the face of
the disc H for striking the bell and thus giving a signal prior to the end of each
line being reached.
U an additional or spacing lever provided at side of machine to which the

page_text: escapement gear is connected and actuated by a link X connected to lever 12
mounted on shaft J as shown at Figs. 2 and 5. It is arranged so that it can be
depressed by the key's A¹ or the usual spacing lever or bar Y by means of the
projection y fixed to the spacing lever Y¹ and acting upon the lever U for ordinary
spacing as shown at Fig. 6 but it can be still further depressed for bringing the
arm into gear and the portions of the escapement "dog" K K¹ out of action
for finishing up the end of a paragraph. The lever Y¹ is somewhat similar to the
arrangement found in a Remington machine, and it is pivoted at the rear of the
machine, but it is not directly connected to the spacing gear, but acts through
lever by pressure by means of projection y which acts on lever U as just
described. If desired the handle 15 may be used in place of lever U.
The action of the machine will be best seen with reference to the perspective
views shown at Figs. 5 and 6.
The paper R is mounted on the platen E which is supported by the sleeve D,
said platen not being connected in any way to the sleeve. The sleeve has on its
periphery the long feather (shown at Fig. 1) which ensures that the platen
and sleeve must rotate together. The platen is not prevented from moving length-
ways on the sleeve. About half of the sleeve has a fairly wide slot d cut in it
through which passes the pin F which is carried by the boss f of the platen. The
pin F gears into a screw c¹ of the fixed spindle C on which the sleeve D rotates,
consequently the rotation of sleeve and platen causes the platen to advance
towards one end as it is rotated, in other words, the rotation of the arrangement
would cause an imaginary screw-thread to be traced on the surface of platen or
paper thereon, the pitch of which equals the pitch of leading screw on fixed
spindle. A sheet of paper R being placed on platen E and retained thereon, say,
by rubber bands and the arrangement fixed over the striking centre of, say,
a Remington machine, as each letter is struck the sleeve D rotates with a step by
step motion and a spiral line of printing is impressed on sheet. In placing the
paper on the platen it is fixed somewhat askew, (dependent on pitch of thread of
the leading screw) this ensures that when it, the paper, is removed, the seemingly
continuous spiral line of printing resolves itself into a series of perfectly parallel
lines. The feather d' above referred to instead of being perfectly coincident with
axis of the said sleeve is given a slight angularity dependent on the screw to
compensate for a certain loss in each revolution.
The sleeve D is provided at one end with a disc H with its periphery cut into
an equal number of teeth to the number of letter spaces which usually go to form
a line of printing for which the machine is designed. A few teeth being removed
at h¹ as they are not required owing to the margin of sheet coinciding with this
point.
The driving power may be by a spring or weight as previously described which
is applied to a countershaft L immediately behind the sleeve D. The said sleeve
and counter shaft are connected together by a band P arranged to pass over the
pulley P and being geared in the proportion of three to one. The weight N¹ is
wound up on to the pulley M and the platen E is rotated to the left, which is the
starting position, by means of handle Q as shown at Figs. 2 and 6.
"
The escapement is effected by means of a dog" somewhat similar to the well
known arrangement on the Remington machine, with the exception that in this
invention the "dog" moves or rocks at right angles to the edge of the toothed
disc H before described. The action of the spring section K¹ and a permanent
section K is exactly similar to that of the well known "dog" and rack arrangement
of the Remington machine. That is to say, no motion of the sleeve D takes place
while the "dog" is pulled to the left by the action of striking a letter. On the
release of the key however the "dog" is returned to the right or normal position
by the action of helical spring 13 attached to small handle 15 whereby one tooth
space of disc is allowed to pass at each stroke.
The "dog" is mounted on the shaft I on which is also mounted the handle I
as well as the lever I and a bevel wheel I' at its end. This bevel wheel gears with

page_text: a similar bevel wheel I' on a shaft J at right angles to first named shaft I. The
shaft J, which is at back of frame B, and supported thereby, carries a lever I³
which is connected by link X directly to the spacing lever U. Each time a
key A is struck the lever U is pulled the motion being transferred to "dog"
shaft I by means of bevel gear 11. Thus the alternate or "rocking" motion is
imparted to the section of the "dog."
The typewriting machine is provided with a spacing bar system similar to that
usually employed in the Remington machine. A projection y shown bearing on
lever U being provided in addition. The keys bear on a common bar Z which is
part of lever and which in turn transfers the motion to lever U¹ by means of
the projection y.
The lever systems U and Y are pivoted to machine at the rear and are main-
tained in a given position by means of springs not shown in the drawings.
66
++
12
On the counter shaft L is mounted the disc D provided with the three projec-
tions 01 02 03. These projections are capable of being intercepted in their
rotation by lever I which however can only be done when the sections of the
'dog are entirely free from escapement disc H on the sleeve D. When the
dog" shaft I has been rocked sufficiently to the left by means of an extra
depression on lever U, the "dog" then leaves the escapement disc H completely
which in that case would rotate quickly till the platen E has been driven to the end
of its traverse. But before the "dog" can completely leave the escapement disc H
the lever I is in position to intercept the first of the three projections on disc O
and its motion is arrested.
These projections (1 02 03 are so arranged that one will be at the lowest point
at the commencement of each line of printing on the sheet R. Three projections
are required owing to the gear between the counter shaft L and sleeve D being
three to one. .
i
T'he upper part of the platen frame, that is frame A, is capable of lateral motion,
that is to say, movement to the left hand by means of lever 1" and bar b, and
connected to the keyboard by a flexible or other link 2 as shown at Figs. 2 and 3
for printing capitals as in the ordinary Remington arrangement, without affecting
the escapement as the said parts thereof are attached to the frame A as clearly
shown at Fig. 6.
At Figs. 7 and 8 all the parts are the same as before described except that the
lever or projection I shown is independent of shaft of which K Ki are part,
being mounted on a short sleeve and actuated by magnet V. Magnet V1 actuates
the letter escapement K K¹. The magnets V VI are properly insulated and
connected to the spring contacts and underneath levers, there is a battery
connected, not shown and the return current comes through frame of machine
or otherwise.
When it is desired to give the necessary motion direct to the carrier by direct
pressure from the key-board without employing other means, the arrangement
shewn at Fig. 9 is employed in which a disc 1 having the same number of teeth
cut in its periphery as before, but cut in the reverse direction is mounted on the
sleeve D to which a rotary motion is imparted by a lever 2 and pawl 3 controlled
by spring 4 by means of cords or chains or links 5 and 6 passing over pulleys 7
and 8 from key-board A. 9 is a pawl fixed to framework B and arranged
to engage with the teeth cut in the periphery of the disc 1 for retaining purposes.
The stroke of the lever 2 is adjusted by means of the screws 10. On the counter
shaft L is also mounted and fixed a disc 11 having three teeth 12 cut or formed
on its periphery with which a pawl 13 mounted on the upper end of double ended
lever 14 engages. The lever 14 is controlled by a spring, not shown in the
drawings from the front of machine. To the lower portion of the lever 14 one
end of the cord 5 is fixed; whilst the opposite end of the cord is loose and hangs
in front of the machine. The stroke of the lever 14 is adjusted by means of pins 15
and 16 capable of movement in the slotted are 17 cut in the plate 18 fixed to the

page_text: frame B. The counter shaft L'and sleeve D are geared together as before described
in the proportion of three to one.
The action of the arrangement as already fully described is as follows:---
The lever 2 and pawl 3 are actuated from the key-board A' by means of cord 6
which is attached to the spacing bar. The pull on the cord draws pawl 3 to the
left, the recoil of spring 4 forces pawl 3 to the right driving escape disc forward a
space the amount of which is controlled by screws 10.
The lever 14 and pawl 13 are worked by string 5 lead to front of machine as
shown, and is actuated by pulling on said string by hand when a line of printing
is finished. The pawl 13 pushes one or other of the projections in front of it till
it is stopped by pin 16 when the operator releases it, and it falls back to pin 15
where it remains till required at the end of next line, its object being to provide
for margins.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
-
1. In a typewriting or printing machine substantially such as herein described,
the combination of a shaft rigidly mounted in a frame hinged to the top of the
framework of the machine, said shaft having a screw thread cut in a portion of
its length, a sleeve mounted upon and free to revolve on said shaft, said sleeve
having a longitudinal slot cut in it for a portion of its length, a platen mounted
upon said sleeve, capable of revolving and sliding longitudinally upon said
sleeve, with a pin arranged to pass through a boss on the platen in the slot of
said sleeve and to engage with the screw thread cut in the fixed shaft, and the
means described for rotating the platen simultaneously with the rotation of the
sleeve and causing it to advance step by step, substantially as and for the purposes
herein set forth and illustrated.
2. In a typewriting and printing machine substantially as described the com-
bination of a platen mounted upon a sleeve having a longitudinal slot cut in its
periphery capable of revolving and sliding longitudinally upon a shaft rigidly
fixed to a hinged framework, said shaft having a screw thread cut in its periphery
for a portion of its length in which a pin mounted in the boss of the platen engages
after passing through the said longitudinal slot, whereby a sheet of paper may be
typewritten upon continuously from end to end without having to adjust the
machine for each line.
3. In a typewriting and printing machine substantially as described the com-
bination of a platen mounted upon a sleeve having a longitudinal slot cut in its
periphery capable of revolving and sliding longitudinally upon a shaft rigidly
fixed to a hinged framework, said shaft having a screw thread cut in its periphery
for a portion of its length in which a pin mounted in the boss of the platen
engages after passing through the said longitudinal slot, with a disc mounted upon
the said sleeve having teeth cut in the major portion of its periphery, and a recess
formed in the periphery of said disc between the said teeth, a rocking shaft armed
at one end with a handle and at the opposite end with a bevel wheel and pro-
.vided below and at right angles to the fixed shaft a helical spring for returning
the rocking shaft to its normal position after each oscillation, an escape-
ment dog mounted upon said rocking shaft and consisting of a rigid
section and an adjustable spring section, each of said sections being
arranged to engage with the teeth cut in the periphery of said disc, an adjusting
screw, a second shaft arranged at right angles to the escapement shaft and armed
with a bevel wheel arranged to gear with a bevel wheel on the last named shaft,
a lever mounted upon the second shaft, additional spacing lever, and a link for
connecting it to the lever on the second shaft, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth and illustrated.
4. In a typewriting or printing machine the combination of a disc mounted
upon the said sleeve having teeth cut in the major portion of its periphery, a recess

page_text: formed in the periphery of said disc between the said teeth, a rocking shaft armed
at one end with a handle and at the opposite end with a bevel wheel and pro-
vided below and at right angles to the fixed shaft, a helical spring returning the
rocking shaft to its normal position after each oscillation, an escapement "dog"
mounted upon said rocking shaft and consisting of a rigid section and an adjustable
spring section, each of said sections being arranged to engage with the teeth cut
in the periphery of said disc, an adjusting screw, a second shaft arranged at
right angles to the escapement shaft and armed with a bevel wheel arranged to
gear with bevel wheel on the last named shaft, a lever mounted upon the second
shaft, additional spacing lever and a link for connecting it to the lever on the
second shaft, a lever pivotted to the rear of the machine and armed with a pro-
jection for engaging with the additional spacing lever, said lever armed with a
projection being actuated by the keys and spacing lever of the machine, a counter
shaft mounted in the hinged frame at the back of and parallel with the platen
shaft and sleeve, a pulley and belt for connecting the counter shaft and sleeve
together, a second pulley mounted upon said counter shaft upon which a cord is
wound, a weight attached to free end of cord, a disc mounted upon said counter
shaft and having projections formed upon its periphery, a lever mounted upon
the escapement shaft arranged to engage with the projections on the last named
disc for intercepting its rotation for marginal spacings, and a handle fixed to the
counter shaft for winding up the weight and returning the platen to its normal
position, substantially as and for the purposes set forth and illustrated.
5. The means for electrically driving the machine, substantially as herein
described with reference to Figs. 7 and 8 of the accompanying drawings.
6. The means for driving the machine by manual power, substantially as herein
described with reference to Fig. 9 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Twenty-fifth day of October 1808
ALPHONSUS GERALD O'FARRELL.
JAMES EDWARD SCHUMACHER.
WALTER RICHARD MAKINS.