An Improved Drying Machine for Drying Spent Wash, Sludge, and other Materials.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Nov., 1894-Accepted, 29th Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Drying Machine for Drying Spent Wash, Sludge, and
other Materials.
I FREDERICK ISAAC COOKE of Ravenscourt Bexley in Kent Gentleman do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
My invention has for its object the drying of materials of all descriptions even
including those containing large quantities of moisture such as spent wash sewage
(sludge) & similar materials.
The drying machine consists of one or several half cylinders.
Fig.
shows one half cylinder fitted with a revolving raking arrangement
consisting of several sets of buckets fixed on flat iron bars in such a manner that
they form spiral links which are screw acting in order to carry along the material
to be dried from one end of the cylinder to the other. The spiral line of buckets
can be varied according to the pace at which it is desired to carry forward the
material & according to the nature of the different materials to be dried.
In Fig. 2 several half cylinders are connected together forming a drying machine
in which the material has to pass a very long way in its passage from the entrance
to the outlet.
Each cylinder is separated from the other above the centre line by iron sheets
having an opening on that side of each cylinder to which the material is carried
by the buckets. Through this opening the material is thrown over to the next
cylinder by the buckets and the hot air passes the same way.
In consequence the material is made to travel through each cylinder from the
first to the fast until it is completely dry and the pace at which the material passes
through the machine is easily varied by means of the spiral way of fixing the
buckets.
The machine can be heated either by steam or hot air from the outside as shewn
in Fig. 1 or by the gases coming from a furnace as shewn in Fig. 2.
Dated this Twenty-second day of February 1894.
An Improved Drying Machine for Drying Spent Wash, Sludge, and
other Materials.
I, FREDERICK ISAAC COOKE of Ravenscourt, Bexley in the County of Kent
Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to me
from abroad by Max Hecking of Dortmund, Germany, Engineer) and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the drying of spent wash, sewage sludge and other
materials and is of especial advantage for materials containing large quantities of
moisture.
The machine.consists of one or more elements of the form shewn at Figure 1 of
the drawings accompanying my Provisional Specification in vertical cross section
D

page_text: and plan view the latter view having the top cover removed in order to show the
arrangement of the buckets which serve to turn over, spread and convey the
material to be dried. The buckets are fixed on the ends of several sets of
flat iron bars or arms fixed by set screws on a shaft mounted in bearings at each
end of a casing which latter is closed by a top cover. In the lower part of the
casing is a half circular trough containing the material to be dried and below this
is a compartiment with lower inlet and upper outlet for steam or other heating
medium as indicated by the arrows which medium serves to dry the material.
This lower compartment may be in the form shewn or in that of a narrow half
annular jacket around the trough. From the plan view it will be seen that the
sets of bucket arms are fixed on the shaft in such a manner as to form parts
of a spiral and act as screws so as to carry along the material to be dried
from one end of the enclosing casing to the other while turning over and
spreading the material. There are in the example shown five arms and buckets
in each set.
and so on.
-
In Figure 2 of the aforesaid drawing is shewn in vertical longitudinal section
and plan a machine made up of four elements of a similar kind as the one just
described but adapted to be supplied with heated gases of combustion in direct
contact with the material to be dried. Moreover the machine is so constructed
that the material to be dried has to travel a long way in its passage from the
entrance hopper to the outlet end (whence it may be conveyed away by a
conveyer of usual screw form as shown). For this purpose as shown in the
plan view Figure 2 each element or "cylinder" in the combined machine is
above the centre line of its rotating bucket shaft separated from the next
following cylinder by an iron sheet or deflecting appliance having an opening
on that side of each cylinder to which the material is carried by the buckets
and through this opening the material is thrown over into the next cylinder
The hot gases from the furnace shown at the right hand end of
Figure 2 pass the same way. In consequence the material is made to travel
through each cylinder from the first to the last in the circuitous manner shown by
the arrows in the plan view until it is completely dry. The pace at which the
material travels through the machine is easily varied according to requirements by
altering the pitch of the helical or spiral path of the buckets. Obviously the
number of "cylinders" employed and the size of the furnace and the amount and
quality of the fuel burnt therein may be varied to suit requirements. Or if the
machine is to be heated from the outside by exhaust or other steam or hot air
passed through the lower part of the machine as described with reference to
Figure 1 then analogous means may be provided for causing the heating and
drying medium to take a long or circuitous route therein. Such an arrangement
would also be applicable in cases where it would be unsuitable to expose the
material to be dried to direct contact with a drying medium such as furnace gas.
The material to be dried is introduced into the hopper shown in both views at the
top of the first "cylinder" next to the furnace.
The various bucket shafts, the conveyor shaft and the feeding appliance at the
bottom of the hopper may be driven by wheel gearing as shown in the plan view
Figure 2. The left hand end chamber containing the screw shaped conveyor is
provided with an upper outlet for the furnace gases and the vapour or moisture
which is driven off or out of the material to be dried. The furnace gases and
hot vapour after having passed through the spaces containing the material to be
dried may if desired be passed through the spaces below the troughs before passing
out of the apparatus.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The construction of drying apparatus described with reference to Figure 1
consisting of a casing provided with a shaft fitted with helically.mounted arms and

page_text: buckets the pitch of which can be varied to suit the material to be dried, and other
conditions, the said buckets being adapted to be rotated in a half cylindrical
trough in. the lower part of the casing, the bottom part of which serves for the
passage therethrough of steam or hot air or other heating and drying medium,
substantially as set forth.
2. Two or more casings arranged side by side each provided with a shaft fitted
with helically mouuted arms and buckets adapted to be rotated in a half cylindrical
trough steam jacketed or otherwise in the lower part of the casing, in combination
with deflecting appliances having openings at alternate sides for causing the
material to be dried to pass by a circuitous or extended route through the apparatus,
and a furnace or other source of heat at one end of the apparatus for drying the
material by the passage of furnace gas or other heating and drying medium through
the apparatus either in direct contact with the material or indirectly by contact
with the lower walls of the aforesaid troughs, substantially as described with
reference to Figure 2.
3. The construction of apparatus shown in Figure 2.
Dated this 23rd day of November 1894
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.