CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN SIZEING, STIFFENING, AND FINISHING TEXTILE MATERIALS OR FABRICS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Greenwood, of Irwell Springs, near Bacup, in
the County of Lancaster, Turkey Red Dyer, and Robert Smith, of
Bacup aforesaid, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SIZEING, STIFFENING, AND FINISHING TEXTILE MATERIALS OR
FABRICS."
Sealed the 9th January 1855, and dated the 13th July 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Greenwood and
Robert Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 13th July 1854.
We, JOHN GREENWOOD, of Irwell Springs, near Bacup, in the County of
Lancaster, Turkey Red Dyer, and ROBERT SMITH, of Bacup aforesaid, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN SIZEING, STIPPENING, AND FINISHING TEXTILE MATERIALS OR
FABRICS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists, first, in the use of rye flour for such purposes.
Secondly, in the use of rye flour and chloride of calcium or chloride of
magnesium (commonly called muriate of lime and muriate of magnesia)
(combined for such purposes.
And, thirdly, in the use of chloride of calcium or chloride of magnesium
(commonly called muriate of lime and muriate of magnesia) combined or mixed
with any amylaceous substances for such purposes...

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Greenwood and Robert Smith in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 13th January 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
GREENWOOD, of Irwell Springs, near Bacup, in the County of Lancaster,
Turkey Red Dyer, and ROBERT SMITH, of Bacup aforesaid, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
John Greenwood and Robert Smith, Her especial licence that we, the said
John Greenwood and Robert Smith, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Greenwood and Robert Smith,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SIZEING,
STIFFENING, AND FINISHING TEXTILE MATERIALS OR FABRICS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said John Greenwood and Robert Smith, or one
of us, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Greenwood, do hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
Our Invention consists, first, in the use of rye flour for such purposes as
follows: For sizcing purposes, we take (say, for example,) two hundred and
forty pounds of rye flour, and mix it in a vessel with the usual quantity of
water used for that purpose, and afterwards mix with it one and a half gallons
of acetic acid of nine degrees of Twaddell's hydrometer; other vegetable acid
will answer to some extent, but we prefer acetic acid. It is ready for boiling
or using in the regular way, as is well understood in the ordinary processes of
sizeing, stiffening, &c.

page_text: Secondly, our Invention consists in the use of rye flour and chlorido of
calcium or chloride of magnesium (commonly called muriate of lime and
muriate of magnesia) combined for such purposes, as follows:-We take after
the rate of two hundred and forty pounds of rye flour, and mix half the
usual quantity of water that is generally used for that purpose with six or
seven quarts of acetic acid, of nine degrees of Twaddle's hydrometer, we then
make up the other half with chloride of calcium or chloride of magnesium
liquor of forty degrees of Twaddle's hydrometer, and after being well boiled it
is ready for use, as is well understood in the ordinary processes of sizing,
stiffening, &c.
Thirdly and lastly, our Invention consists in the use of chloride of calcium
or chloride of magnesium (commonly called muriate of lime and muriate of
magnesia,) combined or mixed with any amylaceous substances for such
purposes as follows:-We take of any amylaceous substance two hundred and
forty pounds and mix with it one hundred and twenty gallons of water, then
add one hundred gallons of muriate of lime or muriate of magnesia of forty
degrees of Twaddle's hydrometer, and boil the same until the substance
becomes transparent, we then add or mix with it four or five quarts of acetic
acid of nine degrees of Twaddle's hydrometer; it is then ready for use, as well
understood in the ordinary processes of sizeing, stiffening, &c.
Having thus fully and particularly described the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be carried into practical effect,
we desire it to be understood, in conclusion, that we claim the above described
improvements in sizeing, stiffening, and. finishing textile materials or fabrics,
without being limited or confined to the precise or exact proportions of the
compound or mixtures herein particularly named.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Greenwood, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twelfth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
JOHN GREENWOOD. (L.B.)