IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING BREAD. AND IN THE COMPONENT PARTS OF THE SAME
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Turner, of Syresham, in the County of North-
ampton, Baker, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF
MANUFACTURING BREAD. AND IN THE COMPONENT PARTS OF THE SAME."
Sealed the 21st August1857, and dated the 21st February 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Turner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
February-1857.
I, JOHN TURNER, of Syresham, in the County of Northampton, Baker, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING BREAD, AND IN THE COMPONENT PARTS OF THE SAME,"
to be as follows:―
My Invention consists, firstly, of a mixture of flour made from Indian corn¸
and wheaten flour in the proportion of one part of Indian corn flour to six parts
of wheaten flour, or thereabouts; and, secondly, in the manner of treating the
same during fermentation, which I accomplish as follows:-I take, say, forty
pounds of Indian corn flour, which I scald and mix with boiling water; I allow
this to cool, and then add the usual quantity of yeast, with or without.potatoes,
and leave this to ferment about six hours, after which I add about two
hundred and forty cards of wheaten flour and work the whole to a proper
consistency for the oven. The advantages of my process are, that I accomplish
by one fermentation the same results, which by the ordinary method requires

page_text: twice fermenting, thereby ensuring a great saving of time as well as cost of
materials, the novelty being in the scalding and introduction of flour made
from Indian corn for this purpose, and treated in the manner described.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Turner in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
21st August 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
TURNER, of Syresham, in the County of Northampton, Baker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Turner, Her special licence, that I, the said John Turner,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Turner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING BREAD, AND IN THE COMPONENT PARTS OF THE SAME,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Turner, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe'and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Turner, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
This Invention consists of improvements in the manufacture of bread, by
the introduction or use of Indian corn flour in combination with wheaten flour,
and in the mode or process of preparing the same for the oven, by which a
saving of the cost of material and in timo and labour is effected, and a more
palatable and wholesome article produced.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed to
describe the manner of performing the same :-
I take one part of Indian corn flour, and scald and mix it with boiling water;
I then allow it to cool, and when properly cold, add the usual quantity of
yeast, with or without potatoes; this I leave to ferment for about six hours,
after which I take six parts of wheaten flour and mix with the fermented
above described Indian corn flour, and work the whole into a proper con-
sistency for the oven.
I desire it to be distinctly understood, that, I do not confino myself to the
exact proportions or quantities above specified, as such may be varied; but I
claim as my Invention,―
Firstly, the obtaining by one fermentation the same results, which by the
ordinary method requires twico fermenting.
And, secondly, the introduction of flour made from Indian corn, treated in
the manner described.
In witness whereof I, the said John Turner, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventeenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
JOHN TURNER. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named John Turner, in the presence of,
GEORGE SMITH, Patent Agent,
Liverpool.