IMPROVEMENTS IN GULLIES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John McLandsborough, of Bradford, in the County of
York, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GULLIES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John McLandsborough at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st February 1878.
JOHN MCLANDSBOROUGH, of Bradford, in the County of York, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GULLIES."
The object of my Invention is to construct a double trapped gully for the purpose
of preventing sewer gas passing into dwelling houses or other buildings, and to
provide a ready and safe exit for such gas as may force its way under the first trap,
and thus prevent its passing under the second trap, and thence into the building, all
so arranged that the gully shall be available for deep, shallow, or surface drainage,
and be self-cleansing.
In my Invention I provide a box or casing of earthenware or other inaterial which
is double trapped, that is to say, I provide two partitions in the box or casing
between the inlet and outlet ends thereof, by which the gully is divided into three
chambers or compartments, the central chamber being provided with an opening at
the top to be covered with a grate when the gully requires to be fixed at the surface
of the ground to receive slops or surface water, through which any sewer gas that
may have forced its way under the first trap would escape into the open air.
When the gully requires to be fixed below the surface in connection with cellar or
other drains, a tube or line of pipes may be fixed thereto in place of the grate and
extended to the surface of ground, where it may be covered by a grate for the same
purposes as before mentioned; or the tube may be so laid as to connect the central
chamber of gully with a ventilating pipe extending from the ground to the roof of
building where or above which the sewer gas would be discharged.

page_text: The chamber at the inlet end of gully is provided with an aperture or inlet at the
outer end thereof, and one on each side, enabling three separate drains to connect
therewith. Where only one or two inlets are required the remainder should be
sealed or closed by disc plugs. The drain from fall pipe should be connected with the
central or end inlet,- so that the rain water from roof of building may pass in a
direct line through the gully, and thus by occasional flushing make it self-cleansing,
and also keep the inlet chamber and the branch drains thereinto well ventilated.
The drains from basement, ground, or other floor of building should be connected with
the side inlets.
The gully should be so fixed that the drainage from waterclosets would not pass
through it, but discharge into the drain, connecting same with sewer. By this
means all foecal matter would be excluded from the gully and the drains having their
discharge thereinto.
The soil pipe from waterclosets may be connected to the drain immediately below
the gully, the upper end thereof however should be carried up to or above the roof
of building to a point where the sewer gas could be safely discharged into the open
.air.
The box or casing is of such form that when in use it will be partially filled with
water to a suitable height above the bottom edges of the partitions or traps, by
which means the sewer gas is prevented from passing into the dwelling or other
building.
The gully may be made of various sizes as occasion requires.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John MoLandsborough in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th July
1878.
JOHN MCLANDSBOROUGH, of Bradford, in the County of York, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GULLIES."
The object of my Invention is to construct a double trapped gulley for the
purpose of preventing sewer gas passing into dwelling houses, and to provide a
ready and safe exit for such gas as may force its way under the first trap, and thus
prevent its passing under the second trap, and thence into the building, all so
arranged that the gully shall be available for deep, shallow, or surface drainage,
and be self-cleansing.
In my Invention I provide a box or casing of earthenware or other material
which is double trapped, that is to say, I provide two partitions in the box or
casing between the inlet and outlet ends thereof, by which the gully is divided into
three chambers or compartments, the central chamber being provided with an
opening at the top, to be covered with a grate when the gully requires to be fixed
at the surface of the ground to receive slops or surface water, through which any
sewer gas that
may have forced its way under the first trap would escape into the
When the gully requires to be fixed below the surface in connection with
cellar or other drains, a tube or line of pipes may be fixed thereto in place of the
grate and extended to the surface of the ground, where it may be covered by a grate
for the same purpose as before mentioned..
open air.
The chamber at the inlet end of gully is provided with an aperture or inlet at
the outer end thereof, and one on each side, enabling three separate drains to con-
nect therewith. Where only one or two inlets are required the remainder should be
sealed or closed with disc plugs. The drain from fall pipe should be connected with
the central or end inlet, so that the rain water from roof of building inay pass in a
direct line through the gully, and thus by occasional flushing make it self-cleansing,
and also keep the inlet chamber and the branch drains thereto well ventilated.
The drains from basement, ground, or other floor of building, should be connected
with the side inlets.
The gully should be so fixed that the drainage from water closets would not
pass through it but discharge into the drain connecting the same with sewer. By
this means all focal matter is excluded from the gully and the drains having their
discharge thereto.
The soil pipe from waterclosets may be connected to the drain immediately below
the gully, the upper end thereof however should be carried up to or above the roof
of the building to a point where the sewer gas could be safely discharged into the
open air.
The box or casing is of such form that when in use it will be partially filled with
water to a suitable height above the bottom edges of the partitions or traps, by
which means the sewer gas is prevented from passing into the dwelling.
The gully may be made of various sizes as occasion requires.
And in order that my Invention may be more completely understood reference is
given to the accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and marks thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents a side elevation; Figure 2, a plan looking at the top; Figure 3,
a longitudinal section; Figure 4, a transverse section, shewing the construction of
gully..
Figure 5 is a plan; Figure 6, an elevation and section; Figure 7, a detail section of
gully, ventilator, and slop stone, shewing application of gully to deep drains.
Figures 8 and 9 shew modes of annlving the cully to shallow drains

page_text: I will now proceed to describe Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4; B and C are right and left
hand inlets from sinks, scullery, wash kitchen, lavatory, bath room, or other places;
D is back inlet from main water pipes; E is inlet chamber; F, the second trap;
G, the ventilating chamber; H, the opening for grate or ventilating pipe; J, the
first trap; K, the outlet. As it is undesirable that sewage gas should be drawn
from the sewers and discharged in close proximity to dwellings, such gas passing
up the drain into gully at K is obstructed by the first trap or dip J.
If from any cause the gas should force its way under the trap it will ascend the
ventilating chamber G, and escape through the grate or ventilating pipe at H into
the open air. The second trap F prevents any sewage gas being drawn into the
dwelling through the inlets B and C.
The inlet chamber E and the drains or pipes terminating therein are ventilated by
the untrapped rain water pipe entering at D, which also flushes the gully in the
direction of the drain.
The inlet chamber E and the drains or pipes terminating therein may also be
ventilated by means of a branch pipe from any of the inlets to surface of ground or
elsewhere either in addition to or in substitution of the ventilation afforded by the
untrapped rain water pipe.
The arrows on Figure 3 indicate the flow or direction taken by the slop water,
rain water, and other refuse.
Figures 5, 6, and 7 shew the application of gully to deep drains, in which A is the
gully; B, left-hand inlet receiving waste pipe from ground floor sink end; C, right-
hand inlet receiving waste pipe from basement O; D, back inlet receiving rain water
and other pipes from P; L, ventilating pipe; M, ventilator and slop grate in yard;
N, ground floor sink; O, basement sink; P, rain water pipe and ventilator receiving
waste from bath or other places on chamber floor at V; Q, bath on chamber floor;
R, bell trap in area bottom to rain water pipe P; S, soil pipe and ventilating shaft ;
T, junction of soil pipe with drain; U is water closet on chamber floor; V, junction
of waste pipe from bath with rain water or fall pipe; W, drain from basement sink;
✗, pipe to ventilate watercloset trap and connected to ventilating shaft S.
Soil pipes or watercloset drains should not be allowed to discharge into gully
receiving the slop water from the house, but be connected with drain on the low
side of gully, as shewn in Figures 5 and 6.
Should a strong current of air blowing up the drain-force sewage gas under the
first trap J, shewn in Figure 7, the gas will follow the course indicated by arrows,
and escape into the open air through the grate at M.
Figures 8 and 9 shew the application of gully to shallow drains; in Figure 8, A is
section of gully; B, left-hand inlet; C, sink on ground floor; D, ventilator and slop
grate in yard; E, rain water pipe and ventilator at eaves. At Figure 9, A is the
gully; B, the right haud inlet receiving waste pipe from sink D; C, left-hand inlet
receiving waste pipe from sink E shewing the application or adaptation of the
gully A to the sinks of two different houses; D and E shew position of sinks;
F, the ventilator and slop grate in yard; G, the rain water pipe and ventilator at
eaves.
Figures 10 and 11 shew perforation in disc plug and is made on one side thereof,
so that when the disc plug is inserted in the socket of any of the inlets of gully or
of a pipe, the orifice may be either at the top, bottom, or one side thereof, as may
be most convenient for the easy and efficient connection of lead or other metal pipe
therewith.
The depth at which the gully is to be fixed is determined by that of the drains
to be connected therewith. In cases where they have sufficient fall to admit of the
gully being at a shallow depth, it may be fixed as shewn in Figure 8 where the top
of the gully is level with the under side of "flagged" floor of yard, the edges of
flag" being bevelled. In other cases where the drains require the gully to be
somewhat deeper a small area may be formed round the gully by placing one or
more courses of "York paving" or brickwork in cement between the upper edges
of gully and the bottom of bevelled "flag," and where a yet greater depth is
"

page_text: required a glazed pipe should be inserted and the slop stone fixed as shewn in
Figure 7.
Where the yard grate for slops or surface water is not required, the grate may be
fixed in a "flag" placed on the surface of the ground over the ventilating pipe, or the
gully may be fixed at the surface as in Figure 9.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and shewn by Drawings
how the same may be carried into practice, I would have it understood that I do
not limit myself to the exact limits, details, or configuration of the parts I have
explained and shewn, but what I claim and desire to be secured to me by Letters
Patent is, the construction of double trapped ventilating gullies, arranged so as to
be self-cleansing and applicable to drains at any depth below the surface, sub-
stantially as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John McLandsborough, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord.
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
TNA MGT ANDSDODONCIT