IMPROVEMENTS IN SCRAPERS EMPLOYED TO CLEANSE BOILER TURES AND FLUES FOR ECONOMISING FUEL
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Green, of Wakefield, in the County of York,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SCRAPERS EMPLOYED TO
CLEANSE BOILER TURES AND FLUES FOR ECONOMISING FUEL."
Sealed the 27th February 1857, and dated the 13th September 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Green at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
September 1856.
I, EDWARD GREEN, of Wakefield, in the County of York, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SCRAPERS EMPLOYED TO CLEANSE BOILER TUBES AND FLUES FOR ECONOMISING FUEL,"
to be as follows:-
The first improvement consists in constructing the scrapers each with a
thin sharp cutting edge, by which means the soot and other deposit are more
easily removed, and the scrapers are not so liable to stick or become clogged
and fast as heretofore.
The second improvement consists in forming scrapers when made for
pipes in two halves, with suitable fittings to keep them when united in one
position.
The third improvement consists in forming the scrapers in segments, and

page_text: fitting them in such manner that they will expand to pass over any inequality
or impediment and collapse to their original size after passing it.
And the fourth improvement consists in preserving the parallelism of the
scraper bars, by fitting two guide pulleys at each end thereof, one above and
one below each end of the bar.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Green in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th March 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
GREEN, of Wakefield, in the County of York, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Edward Green, Her special licence that I, the said Edward Green, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward
Green, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVELIENTS IN SCRAPERS
EPLOYED TO CLEANSE BOILER TUBES AND FLUES FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Green, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Green, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to
say:
My Invention consists in improvements in the construction and arrange-
ments of scrapers for cleansing boiler tubes and flues secured to me under
Letters Patent for England, dated the Tenth day of December, One thousand

page_text: eight hundred and forty-five. My improvement in the construction of these
scrapers consists in forming them with a sharp cutting edge, which, as well
as my improved arrangements for the efficient performance thereof, are fully
set forth, and will be well understood by reference to the Drawings.
Figure 1 is a vertical section, and Figure 2, a horizontal section, on the
line a, b, of Figure 1, of a tube, with my scrapers in their most simple form
applied thereto. The same letters refer to similar parts in all the Figures.
A, A, are two steel or iron hoops with a thin sharp cutting edge; B, B,
metal bars for connecting the two hoops; C, cross bar for carrying a number
of scrapers, and to which the gear for working the scrapers is attached;
D is the tube.
In Figure 3, vertical section, and Figure 4, horizontal section, on the line
a, b, of Figure 3, I shew the scrapers A, A, formed in two halves, united by
bolts and nuts c, d, the bolts being passed through apertures in the metal
connecting bars B, B.
In Figure 5, vertical section, and Figure 6, plan on the line a, b, of Figure 5,
I shew the scrapers arranged in such manner as to allow them to expand
and pass over any inequalities or irregularities there may be on the tube.
The scrapers A, A, are represented as formed in two parts, but they may be
formed in two or more parts, each part being held in the upper arm e of a
lever, the lower arm of which f is weighted. The levers are centered on
pins 9, 9, passed through two cross bars C, C. Two cross bars are shown in
Figure 6, and also in vertical section Figure 7, and horizontal section Figure
8, on the line a, b, of Figure 7, for the purpose of preserving the parallellism
of the scrapers. The gear for causing the scrapers to ascend and descend is
attached to both cross bars, when two are employed, by suitably joined chains,
to cause both bars to travel together, one on each side of the tube.
In Figures 9 and 10 I have shewn two sets of scrapers applied to one
tube, two scrapers being in each set. In some cases I use more than two
sets on each tube.
Instead of forming my improved scrapers, whether the hoops be whole or
in segments, with a plain sharp edge, the edge may be serrated, as shewn in
vertical section Figure 11, and horizontal section Figure 12.
In order to preserve the parallellism in the cross bars carrying the scrapers,
I fit guide pullies on the ends thereof, as shewn at h, h, Figure 13, or on
the centre, as shewn at h, h, Figure 14.
I have not thought it necessary to shew the gear for working the scrapers
up and down the tubes, as the same has been fully described and represented
in the Specification and Drawings of the Patent already alluded to.

page_text: And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the improvements
in the construction and arrangement of scrapers herein-before described, and
represented in the Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Green, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of March, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-seven.
EDWP GREEN. (L.S.)