Improvements in Hinges for Railway Carriage Doors and other Purposes and in the Manufacture of the same.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Jan., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 26th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 2nd Dec., 1893
Improvements in Hinges for Railway Carriage Doors and other
Purposes and in the Manufacture of the same.
We, SAMUEL WILKES and JONAIL WILKES, of Excelsior Works, Bloxwich, in
the County of Stafford, Lock Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of our
said invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has for its object improvements in hinges for railway carriage
doors and other purposes and in the manufacture of the same and refers
principally to hinges of a single joint though the invention is also applicable
to other hinges. Our hinges allow the door to be lifted off without the trouble of
unscrewing one of the wings and yet the greatest steadiness is obtained by our
new construction.
In manufacturing our improved hinges we make or drill the upper and main
portion of the lower wing socket with a hole considerably larger than the pin
which works in it but the lower part of the hole coming next the bottom of the
pin at the bottom of the hole justs fits the pin with a good unshakable fit. The
pin is entered into the lower socket which leaves a considerable space around the
pin which at the enlarged part is grooved with a number of grooves. Through
a hole made in the face of the hinge we then pour in anti friction or other suitable
metal which fills the recess and also the grooves in the pin the pin being first
coated with black lead, blacking graphite or other suitable coating to prevent
the cast metal from fixing tightly upon the pin. When this is done the pin may
be made to turn with a good fit upon a series of shoulders so formed and yet it
is permanently fast endways in the hinge. The upper portion of the pin is made
taper and finishes with a square hexagon or other base to correspond with the hole
of the same shape made in the upper flap socket. By this means the upper flap
part may be lifted off at any time and yet when it is in place the pin as a pivot
is perfectly firm and works quite truely and the wear of the pivot is concentrated
upon the lower or grooved portion of the pin. A nut may be used on the top of
the taper portion of the pin when desired.
The same principle of the grooved pin may be employed in a double joint hinge,
the socket part or parts of the one flap being cast hollow in a similar manner
to that already set forth and filled with anti-friction or other suitable metal but of
The pin is
course the door would not lift off without removing the screws.
secured to the other flap to prevent it from turning.
In the case of a common butt hinge the pin is grooved before placing in the
one flap and the other flap cast on to it in the usual manner, these are of course
the common hinges.
1
0341 lave of Tanuary 180S

page_text: Improvements in Hinges for Railway Carriage Doors and other
Purposes and in the Manufacture of the same.
We, SAMUEL WILKES and JONAH WILKES, of Excelsior Works, Bloxwich, in
the County of Stafford, Lock Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of our
said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
:―
Our invention has for its object improvements in hinges for railway carriage
doors and other purposes and in the manufacture of the same and refers
principally to hinges of a single joint though the invention is also applicable
to other hinges. Our hinges allow the door to be lifted off without the trouble of
unscrewing one of the wings and yet the greatest steadiness is obtained by our
new construction.
In manufacturing our improved hinges we make or drill the upper and main
portion of the lower wing socket with a hole considerably larger than the pin
which works in it but the lower part of the hole coming next the bottom of the
pin at the bottom of the hole justs fits the pin with a good unshakable fit. The
pin is entered into the lower socket which leaves a considerable space around the
pin which at the enlarged part is grooved with a number of grooves. Through
a hole made in the face of the hinge we then pour in anti-friction or other suitable
metal which fills the recess and also the grooves in the pin the pin being first
coated with black lead blacking, graphite or other suitable coating to prevent
the cast metal from fixing tightly upon the pin. When this is done the pin may
be made to turn with a good fit upon a series of shoulders so formed and yet it
is permanently fast endways in the hinge. The upper portion of the pin is made
taper and finishes with a square hexagon or other base to correspond with the hole
of the same shape. made in the upper flap socket. By this means the upper flap
part may be lifted off at any time and yet when it is in place the pin as a pivot
is perfectly firm and works quite truely and the wear of the pivot is concentrated
upon the lower or grooved portion of the pin. A nut may be used on the top of
the taper portion of the pin when desired.
The same principle of the grooved pin may be employed in a double joint hinge,
the socket part or parts of the one flap being cast hollow in a similar manner
to that already set forth and filled with anti-friction or other suitable metal but of
course the door would not lift off without removing the screws. The pin is
screwed to the other flap to prevent it from turning.
In the case of a common butt hinge the pin is grooved before placing in the
one flap and the other flap cast on to it in the usual manner these are of course
the common hinges.
In order that our invention may be more clearly understood and easily carried
into practical effect we have appended hereunto two double sized sheets of draw-
ings upon which we have shewn examples of our hinges.
Figure 1 is a front view of a railway carriage door hinge complete made
according to our invention.
Figure 2 is a part sectional view of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a view of the wing or part with the pin fitted in position.
Figure 4 is a plan view of Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a view of the wing or part which fits onto the pivot pin.
Figure 6 is a plan view of Figure 5.
Figure is a front view of a double joint hinge made according to our inven-
tion.
Figure 8 is a part sectional view of Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a view of a common butt hinge made according to

page_text: Figure 10 is a part sectional view of Figure 9.
In manufacturing our improved hinges we form the chamber C in the socket a²
of the wing A considerably larger than the pin P which works in it but the
lower portion and the upper portion of this hole are made to just fit the
pin with a good unshakable fit. That portion of the pin P which fits into the
chamber is grooved with one or more grooves and when entered into the
socket 2 a considerable space is left around this grooved portion of the pin.
Anti-friction or other suitable metal l' is then poured in through the hole 6' made
in the face of the wing A which fills the recess or space around the pin and also
the groove or grooves in the pin the pin being first coated with blacklead graphite
or other suitable coating to prevent the metal F from fixing tightly upon the
pin. When this is done the pin will turn with a good fit in the socket a upon
the series of shoulders 2 and yet it is permanently fast endways in the socket.
The upper portion of the pin which fits into the socket 2 of the wing B is
made taper and finishes with the hexagon base as clearly shewn at Figures 2
and or this base may be square or other shape but we prefer to form the pin P
from a
hexagon bar of steel or iron and turn the grooves pl and tapered end
The hole in the socket 2 is made with a corresponding taper to the end p and
at the lower end is formed hexagon shape so as to fit over or onto the hexagon
part as clearly shewn at Figure 2.1 By this means the wing or flap B
may be lifted off the pin P at any time and yet when this flap or wing is in
place the pin as a pivot is perfectly firm and works quite truely the wear
of the pin being concentrated upon the lower portion of the pin as the taper
portion remains stationary in its socket. If desired the extreme end 2 which
protrudes through the socket 2 may be screw threaded to receive a nut. In a
common hinge of this description we may cast the flap or wing B onto the groove
portion of the pin without antifrictional metal being run into the socket.
At Figures and 8 we have shewn the same principle of the grooved pin
applied to a double joint hinge. In this case the pin P is grooved at both ends
and the hole in the sockets a² of the wing or flap A are formed with the chambers C
but the ends are made to fit the plain portions of the pin with an unshakable fit.
The centre portion of this pin is formed square hexagonal or the like and the
hole in the socket 3 of the wing or flap B is made to correspond. When the pin
is placed in position anti-frictional or other metal F is poured through the
openings which fill up the recesses or chambers C and also the grooves in the
pin the pin being first coated with black lead graphite or other suitable coating.
to prevent the cast metal from fixing tightly upon the grooved ends of the pin.
When this is done the pin will turn with a good fit upon the series of shoulders
formed by the grooves on the ends of the pin and yet is permanently fast endwise
in the hinge. Instead of forming grooves on the ends of the pin grooves may be
formed on the centre portion and the ends formed square or other suitable shape
the holes in the sockets of the flaps being formed to suit.
At Figures 9 and 10 we have shewn the application of our invention to a
common butt hinge. In this case the portions of the pin which fit into the
sockets a of the flap or wing A are first grooved the sockets being formed with
the chambers C in the same manner as previously described. The other flap B
is then cast onto the plain portions of the pin which may be either square or other
shape. Anti-frictional or other metal F is then run into the recesses in the
sockets a through the openings the grooved portions of the pin being first
being coated with black lead graphite or other suitable coating so as to prevent
the anti-friction metal F from fixing tightly upon these grooved portions.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
wo claim is:-
CLAIMS.
First: The improvements in hinges for railway carriage doors and other

page_text: portion or portions of the pivot pin 12 which fit or fits into the socket or
sockets of the one flap or wing of the hinge that portion of the socket or sockets
in which the grooved part or parts of the pin being formed larger than the pin
for the reception of suitable anti-frictional or other metal F in the manner and
for the purpose substantially as herein set forth and as shewn upon the accom-
panying sheets of drawings.
Second: In hinges securing the pivot pin in the socket of the one flap or
wing by forming an enlargement or chamber therein so as to receive anti-frictional
or other metal F in the manner and for the purpose substantially as herein set
forth and as shewn upon the accompanying sheets of drawings.
Third: The manufacture and use of hinges such as shewn by Figures 1 to 6
upon the drawings consisting of the lower wing having a chambered portion C
and pivot pin P with one or more ribs and grooves around which suitable
anti-friction or other metal is run and in which the pin P works freely the
upper portion of the pin being suitably formed to receive the flap B substantially
as herein set forth.
Fourth-The manufacture and use of hinges such as shewn by Figures 7 and 8
with the pivot pin P shouldered at both ends or plain at both ends and shouldered
at the middle with anti-frictional metal F run into chambers substantially as
herein set forth.
Fifth The manufacture and use of hinges such as shown by Figures 9 and 10
with the pivot pin P shouldered at the part or parts fitting into the socket of the
one wing or flap with anti-friction metal F run into chambers the other wing or
flap being cast onto the plain part or parts of the pin substantially as herein
set forth.
Sixth-In hinges grooving the end or portions of the pivot pin upon which
the one wing or flap of the hinge works in the manner and for the purpose sub-
stantially as herein set forth.
SAMUEL WILKES.
JONAH WILKES.
By George Barker,
Fellow of The Chartered Institute of Patent Agents,
Agent for Applicants, 77, Colmore Row, Birmingham