Improvements in Air Compressors.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIA
Improvements in Air Compressors.
1, CHARLES FREDERICK FOGG, of No. 32 Nassan Street, New York City, N.Y.,
United States of America Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention:
nd in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ›
scertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to compress air by centrifugal force alone, without
the aid of any leverage, or any other force or power, except the motive power
necessary to revolve the body of my compressor.
To attain the desired end, my invention consists in a revolvable disk or hub
provided with radiating armis having air passages therethrough, secured to a hollow
shaft with which said passages communicate, or its equivalent, resting upon a
supporting base; said disk or arms carrying one or more cylinders, provided at
their outward heads with ingress valves for the admission of air, and egress valves
into a chamber communicating with passages in the supporting disk or arms;
weighted plungers or pistons fit within the cylinders; and said plungers or pistons
are connected to a yoke encircling a stationary eccentric.
In the accompanying drawings in which similar letters of reference indicate...
corresponding parts:-
Fig. 1 is a side elevation and partial section of the compressor.
Fig. 2 is an axial sectional view of the same.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of two cylinders opposite to each
other, one on either side. of the disk, showing the ingress and egress valves, and
their action, and the air chamber, and central air passage in the disk.
a
The disk B, is constructed of iron or other suitable material, and of sufficient
thickness to accommodate the air passages, V. In the center of the disk is
hole, C, through which runs the hollow shaft, D. which is supported by a base, R,
to which it is secured by caps, F. The disk B, is so constructed that it carries one.
or a series of cylinders, H, which may be either cast with the disk. or made
The cylinders
separate therefrom, and secured thereto in any suitable manner.
are placed upon one or both sides of the disk, preferably on both sides, in which
Within these cylinders
case they are arranged in pairs, opposite to each other.
are placed weighted plungers or pistons, 1, provided with cavities, J, in their bases
or inner extremities, so as to accommodate the connecting rods, M, having slots, I,
through which a pin, K, passes, the inner extremities, N, of said rods being pivoted
to the yoke, O, which encircles a stationary eccentric, P.
At the outward extremity of each cylinder, H, are ingress valves, S, opening
into the cylinder, and egress valves, T, into an air chamber, U, leading into the
air passage, V, running in the disk, B, to the hollow W in shaft D.
outlets from said shaft.
w, w, are the
The operation of my device is as follows: The disk B is made to revolve by the
application of power to shaft, D, by means of a pulley. As the disk revolves, air
rushes into the cylinder H, through valves, S, and when compressed, through the
egress valves, T, into the air chamber, U, thence into the air passage, V, in the
As the disk revolves,
disk, into and through the hollow shaft, D, out at w, w.
the centrifugal force throws the weighted plungers or pistons I, towards the
5 periphery of the disk, thereby compressing the air in the cylinders, and when the
air thus compressed is under pressure equal to the centrifugal force of the weighted
plungers at a given speed, the latter are not forced or held against the cushion of
compressed air by any leverage, but only by centrifugal force, and recede easily to
1

page_text: the full extent of their strokes, the cavities J, enable the slotted connecting rods, M,
to enter the plungers, as particularly illustrated in lower right hand cylinder of
Fig. 2.
It is obvious that the cylinders and plungers or pistons, describe different circles
as the disk revolves; that of the plungers being eccentric to the circle described
by the periphery of the disk, and thus the plungers or pistons are compelled to
change their positions in the cylinders, through the medium of their connections to
the yoke surrounding the stationary eccentric. As a consequence, air is admitted
and expelled alternately into and from the opposite cylinders; that is, while air is
entering one cylinder, it is being expelled from the opposite cylinder, and when the
disk has made a complete revolution, each of the cylinders has received and expelled
air once.
My object in having the stationary eccentrics located as particularly illustrated
in Fig. 2, the center of one eccentric at the side of the main shaft opposite to the
other, is to balance the disk as nearly as possible, reducing the friction and enabling
me to attain any required speed.
I have shown my device as consisting of a hollow disk, supporting the cylinders, H,
but it is obvious that hollow arms radiating from a hub upon the hollow shaft, D,
inight be substituted for such disk, without departing from the spirit of my inven-
tion, and oscillating cylinders might be substituted for the fixed cylinders, or the
device made to rotate horizontally.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
The combination with a revolvable disk or arms provided with air passages,
and bearing a series of cylinders adapted and arranged to revolve therewith, of
weighted plungers or pistons, playing in said cylinders, said pistons being connected
by means of slotted links to a revolvable yoke, eccentrically located to the shaft of
the disk, whereby compression will be accomplished by centrifugal force, without
leverage; the whole mounted upon a supporting base.
2: The combination with a revolvable disk or arms wherein are air passages,
to which disk or arms are secured cylinders, of weighted plungers or pistons fitting
within said cylinders, and connected by means of links to a strap or yoke encircling
a stationary eccentric through which the shaft of the disk passes, whereby com-
pression will be accomplished by centrifugal force.
3-The combination with a revolvable disk or arms provided with air passages,
and mounted upon a hollow shaft, of a series of cylinders secured to said disk or
arms, and arranged to revolve therewith, and weighted plungers or pistons, playing
in said cylinders, said plungers being thrown outward by centrifugal force, and
drawn inward by connections between said pistons and a yoke or strap encircling a
stationary eccentric through which the disk shaft passes, said connections consisting
of slotted links pivoted at one extremity to the yoke, and connected to the pistons
by pins passing through the slots.
4: The combination with a rotatable disk or arms mounted upon a hollow shaft
and bearing a series of cylinders having air passages communicating with a hollow
shaft, and ingress and egress valves controlling said passages, of pistons located in
said cylinders, said pistons being connected to a revolvable yoke by means of
slotted links whereby they will be drawn inward, but will be driven outward by
centrifugal force without any leverage.
5: The combination with a revolvable disk or arms, having radial air passages
therein, and bearing a series of cylinders; of weighted plungers or pistons fitting
into said cylinders, and arranged to rotate therewith in a circle eccentric to the
circle of rotation of the disk or arms, so that the plungers or pistons will be driven
outward by centrifugal force, and drawn inward by connections to an eccentric, and
egress valves communicating with an air chamber connecting cylinders on both

page_text: sides of the disk or arms and leading to a central air passage or passages running
through the disk or arms and opening into a hollow shaft.
Deted this 14th day of March 1893.
R. HADDAN,
Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, Agent for Applicant.