IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTERS FOR FORMING WOOD MOULDINGS AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the "International
Patent Office," No. 8, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTERS FOR FORMING WOOD MOULDINGS AND FOR
OTHER LIKE PURPOSES."-A communication from abroad by John
Whitworth, William Whitworth, and Alexander Bold Halliwell,
all of Cleveland, Oh, United States of America.
Sealed the 12th May 1868, and dated the 8th January 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 8th January 1868.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the "International Patent Office,"
No. 8, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CUTTERS FOR FORMING WOOD MOULDINGS
AND POR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," a communication, to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to making such cutters of chilled cast iron,
the form or configuration of the same being made to suit the nature of
the work they are required to perform. Cutters in common use for thes

page_text: purposes are made of steel finished and tempered with great skill and
care, in order to obtain a fine and durable cutting edge; but notwith-
standing this care and skill the said cutters very soon become blunt,
making the work rough, and more especially so when the timber is hard,
curled, or knotty. The time and labor necessarily spent in repairing
and fitting these worn cutters renders them not only expensive, but in
consequence of their being so frequently sharpened the work becomes
irregular in size and shape. In order to avoid this difficulty; labor, and
expense, my improved cutter is made of chilled cast iron, which will
take a fine cutting edge, lasting very much longer than steel and con-
siderably less expensive. These cutters are made by simply forming a
pattern of the size and style of moulding required, and are then cast in
chills, which are ground on stones and emery wheels constructed for the
purpose; the said chills are constructed with the bias of the cutting
edge falling back from the edge, whereby the chips are thrown off to one
side of the work or timber as the same passes along under the cutter
instead of down upon it, as with cutters now in ordinary use.
The cutters are sharpened by dressing or grinding the bias or angle
of the cutting edge, thus leaving the curves of the mould unchanged;
hence as the cutting edge may wear back it still retains its original size
and form. The cutters can be made in sections, which are secured
together in any convenient and suitable manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 7th July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS' SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ROBERT LAKE, of the "International Patent Office," No. 8, Southampton
Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Consulting
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give

page_text: and grant unto me, the said William Robert Lake, Her special licence.
that I, the said William Robert Lake, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Robert Lake, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise;
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain, and Ireland,.
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN CUTTERS FOR FORMING WOOD MOULDINGS AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES,"
upon the condition, (amongst others) that I, the said William Robert
Lake, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands. and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Robert Lake, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings forming a part of this Specification.
These improvements relate to making cutters of chilled cast iron for
mouldings, ornamental work, and other purposes, the form or configura-
tion of the same being adapted to the nature of the work they are
required to perform.
Figure 1 is a view of the under side of the cutter; Figure 2 is a view.
of the edge of the same; Figure 3 is a view showing the position of the
cutter in relation to its work; Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 represent a cutter
of different form. Like letters refer to like parts in the different Figures.
Figure 1 represents a chilled cast-iron cutter for cutting beads and
mouldings for picture frames, ornamental work, or for any like purposes
for which mouldings are ordinarily used, and which may be of any size
and style required. Cutters in common use for this purpose are made of.
steel finished up and tempered with great skill and care in order to
obtain a fine and durable cutting edge. Notwithstanding the care and

page_text: skill exercised the cutters very soon become dull, making the work
rough, and more especially so when the timber is hard, curled, or knotty:
The time and labour necessarily spent in repairing and fitting those
worn cutters renders them not only expensive, but in consequence of
their being so frequently sharpened the work becomes irregular in size
and the mouldings not comparable and variable in shape. In order to
avoid this difficulty, labour, and expense, my improved cutter is made of
chilled cast iron, which experience has shown can be made to have a fine
cutting edge, lasting very much longer than steel, and considerably less
expensive. Steel cutters require dressing every few hours, while the
chilled cutters not more than once in five or six days. The manner of
making these cutters is by simply forming a pattern of the size and style
of moulding required and casting them in chills, which are then ground
on stones and emery wheels constructed for the purpose. The chills are
so constructed that the bias of the cutting edge falls back from the edge,
thereby throwing the chips off from the work or timber to one side as
it passes along under the cutter instead of down upon it, as do the
cutters now in ordinary use.
Figure 3 shows the position of the cutter while in use, A. being the
cutter, and B the moulding or timber.
The cutters are sharpened by dressing or grinding, the bias or angle of
the cutting edge C, thus leaving the curves of the mould unchanged,
hence as the cutting edge may wear back it still retains its first size and
form.
Figure 5 shows the cutter with the angle of the receding from the
cutting edge, which is preferred, and will therefore throw the chips in
the direction of the dotted line a, whereas the bias of the angle of the
cutter A, Figure 1, is the reverse, and hence will throw the chips from
the opposite side from that of Figure 5, and of which Figure 4 is a side
view. This cutter can be made in sections, and then sccured together
so as to form an entire cutter. The cutters may be of any desired form
according to the nature of the work they are to perform in cutting
various kinds of moulding, tonguing, and grooving, or plain work. The
said cutters may be used either moving or stationary, and for cutting
wood, stone, metal, or other material.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to
ne by my foreign correspondents, and shown how the same may be

page_text: conveniently and advantageously carried into practice, I claim chilled
cast-iron cutters, made substantially as and for the purpose herein set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Fourth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE. (L.S.)
Witness,
THO. N. PALMER,
Clerk to Messrs. Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
8, Southampton Buildings,
W. C.