Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 16th Dec., 1899
Churn.
I, JOHN NELSON CUMMINGS, of Thamesville, Ontario, Canada, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
-
My invention relates to improvements in churns, in which a rotating dasher
operates in conjunction with movable breakers, within an upright churn.
And the object is to provide an easy working and fast butter making machine.
I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying
drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the entire machine with part of the tub broken
away to show the interior and position of the dasher and the breakers.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 1-2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the cross bar.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the cross bar.
Fig. 5 is an elevation of the dasher.
Fig. 6 is a view of a movable dasher detached.
Fig. 7 is a top view of the lug and staple of a movable breaker.
The platform A, its legs B, and the standards C with the braces c, constitute
the stand, the posts a retain the tub E, in its proper position on the platform A,
the cross bar D, is slotted as is shown in Figure 3 at d, for the engagement of the
rod F, which is held in position by the sliding plate, the said plate d¹ is secured
in its set position against the rod F, by means of the thumb screw 11, the shaped
end of the plate d, and the shaped end of slot d, form a bearing for the engage-
ment of the rod F. To the upper end of the rod F, is secured the pinion f, which
engages with the large gear wheel G, which is secured to the shaft H, by means of
a pin. The shaft H, is journaled into brass boxings that are secured into the
standards C. To the extended end of the shaft H, is secured the handle h. The
rod F, passes through the dasher J so that this can be secured at any desired
height on the rod F, by means of the thumb screw i, which is threaded into the
collar I. The lower end of the said rod F, rotates in the wooden bearing e, which
is secured to the centre of the bottom of the tub E. The dasher J, is turned out
of a solid piece of wood, the blades or leaves j, fitting into grooves that are cut
into the flanges and k¹ so as to stand at an angle, as is shown in Figure 2. The
said blades are movable, and preferably three in number, the top and bottom
of the flanges k and ¹ of the dasher J are bevelled, the three holes 7, are bored
diagonally through the same, the stem or hub is made hollow for the reception of
the rod F. The movable breakers L are preferably three in number and made of
wood shaped as is shown in Figure 6, the upper end being tenoned into the metal
bracket M, which is constructed with the lug m, so that the said breakers L, will
hang with a deflection of about ten degrees off the perpendicular, and about
15 degrees off the radius, both deflecting with the travel of the cream.
The lug m
fits into the clamp N, (Fig. 7) which is secured to the outside of the tub E, in the
usual way. P is a plug at the bottom of the tub E, and o is the spout.
The machine is supposed to be set up as shown in Fig. 1 ready for operation,
the cream, is put in the tub E in the usual way, the dasher J, is adjusted up or
C

page_text: down as is required on the rod F, so that the cream will be up to about the apex
of the bevel of the upper flange k, it is then secured in that position by the thumb
screw, you then manipulate the handle h, from you as is indicated by the arrow,
thus causing the gear wheel G. and pinion f to rotate the dasher J, as is indicated
by the arrows in Fig. 2, the blades j, being placed angularly in the dasher J.
cause that portion of the cream that comes in contact with the face of the said
blades to pass into or through the dasher J, the back suction of the blades j. the
rotary motion of the dasher J, and the pressure of the cream that comes in contact
with the subsequent blade causes the cream that is adjacent to the respective
blades to pass around and behind said blades and rush outward in an agitated
state against the sides of the tub E, and the breakers L, and into the dasher J,
through the holes 7, the breakers L are fitted so that a portion of the cream passes
behind them or between the said breakers L, and the tub E, the breakers L,
langing at the angles previously mentioned, and the cream in their proximity
having attained a circular motion, it is conducted downward and towards the
dasher J, again. The upper and lower sides of the flanges and of the dasher J,
being bevelled down and up respectively about thirty-five degrees, and the rotary
motion of the said surfaces causes the cream to attain a centrifugal motion and the
greater part of the central portion to pass through the holes 7, into the dasher J,
and some in contact with the blades j.
It will readily be seen that no portion of the cream lies dormant and that every
portion of it is subject to the action of the blades j, of the dasher J, simultaneously,
a speed of one revolution of the landle h per second will effect about 720 beats off
the dashers and breakers against the cream in one minute. There are several other
angles that the cream comes in contact with, which assist to break the cream. By
actual test with the speed above mentioned, butter usually comes within five
minutes.
The butter milk is run off through the spout o, the butter washed in the usual
way in the tub, then removed.
To clean the tub E, you loosen the thumb screw d", slide back the bar d, and
remove the rod F, and dasher J, lift out the breakers L, and lift off the tub E,
from the stand A, it is all apart and easily cleaned.
I am aware that prior to my invention churns have been made with rotating
dashers operating within a tub.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The combination in a churn of the tub E, with the adjustable dasher J,
being constituted with the blades j, being movable and set on an angle, and the
flanges and having their outer sides bevelling, and having the holes 7, sub-
stantially as and for the purposes specified.
2. The combination in a churn of the tub E, with the movable breakers L,
having the metal brackets M, so constructed that they hang at the angles, as
specified for the purposes set forth.
3. The combination in a churn of the tub E the breakers L, the adjustable
dasher J, secured to the rod F, and the detachable bearing d, in the cross bar 1),
substantially as and for the purposes specified...
4. The combination in a churn of the tub E, the dasher J, containing the
blades j, set on an angle, and having the holes 7, in the bevelling flanges k and k¹,
and the movable breakers L, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore
set forth.
מ.
1
1000
THOMAS R. SHILLITO,
15, Tooks Court, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.