Improvements in Brakes for Wheels with Pneumatic and other Elastic Tyres.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Mar, 1897-Accepted, 12th June, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brakes for Wheels with Pneumatic and other
Elastic Tyres.
I OTTO LINDNER, of 41, Rue Gallait of Brussels in the Kingdom of Belgium,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to construct a reliable brake which does not
deteriorate the elastic or pneumatic tyre of a wheel upon which it acts. In order
to attain such an advantage my brake is not exercising any friction upon the clastic
tyre when slowing down or stopping the speed or rotation of the wheel. The
principal part or parts of my brake which come into direct contact with the tyre
in order to slow down the speed or stop the rotation of the wheel, are rollers of a
more or less conical or cylindrical shape, perforated lengthway through the center
and bearing all round upon the surface grooves and teeth cut parallel or oblique to
the center perforation. Said grooves and teeth forming this conical or cylindrical
roller into a cogwheel. These cogwheel rollers are made of india-rubber and
vulcanised to a certain degree, or of any other substance suitable for the purpose.
The frame of the brake may be fork shaped and placed vertically above the
wheel or be of any other convenient shape in order to hold the aforesaid cogwheel
roller or rollers.
As for
To combine a brake I might eriploy one or two cog wheel rollers.
the frame of the brake 1 may choose a more or less horizontal plate into which
are attached near each extremity and standing downward vertically or inclined,
two bolts or pinions, upon each are placed (revolving) a cogwheel roller. Into
the frame plate around the two bolts or pinions are fixed towards the cogwheel
rollers head a number of stnds, teeth or other mechanical devices suitable for the
purpose. When the brake is brought down to the wheel the two cogwheel rollers
with their teeth press into the elastic tyre and thereby transforming temporally
the velocipede or other wheel into a second cogwheel. At same time however, the
studs, teeth ec. of the frame plate are pressing upon or into the top part of each
cogwheel rollers head and thereby stopping or reducing the speed of rotation of
the latter and that to a degree according to the pressure exercised by the brake
upon the tyre.
Now, by slowing down the speed of rotation of the cog-wheel rollers, the same
is done to the velocipede ec. wheel itself as its tyre indents with said cogwheel
rollers as described.
Instead of two cogwheel rollers I may combine a brake by using only one,
which may at each end bear a smooth cylindrical portion, that is, the teeth of the
cogwheel roller are cut away at each end for a certain distance. The frame for
holding such cogwheel roller I might construct of a strip of metal and bending
its extremities downwards at right angles. Into the upper or horizontal porcion,
the rod of the brake is fixed, whereas the downward bent side plates bear a
vertically slotted hole each. The cogwheel roller is attached horizontally between
the two side plates of the frame by a bolt so that the cogwheel roller might revolve
and move vertically, (upward) guided by the bolt across the slotted holes in the side
plates. Each of these two side plates bear two, more or less cylindrical studs,
standing inward and directly above the smooth cylindrical ends of the cogwheel
roller, so that, when the brake is brought down upon the wheel, the teeth of the cog-
wheel roller will indent the elastic tyre while the four studs in the side-plates press

page_text: upon and partly into the smooth cylindrical parts of the cogwheel roller thereby
slowing down the speed of rotation of the latter and consequently that of the
velocipede etc. wheel, as above described.
In place of the four studs in the side plates, other mechanical devices may be
applied in order to reduce the speed of rotation of the cogwheel roller for the
purpose described.
Improvements in Brakes for Wheels with Pneumatic and other
Elastic Tyres.
I, OTTO LINDNER of 41 Rue Gallait Brussels in the Kingdom of Belgium,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of the present invention is to provide an effective brake which shall
not injure the tyre on which it acts.
This brake does not exercise any scraping action on the elastic tyre when it is
applied so that the tyre is not injured.
The metallic part of the brake according to the present invention may consist
of a fork placed vertically over the periphery of the tyre or of any other suit-
able mechanical device for supporting the parts forming the brake proper. The
part or parts coming in contact with the tyre for the purpose of reducing the
speed of the wheel is preferably made more or less taper or cylindrical, and is
perforated in the centre and provided on the outer surface, as shown in Figures 1
to 6, with grooves or teeth, arranged obliquely, helically or parallel to the axes,
said grooves or teeth converting the roller into a toothed wheel.
These toothed rollers are made of rubber and vulcanised to give them any
desired degree of hardness or they may be made of any other suitable material.
In the accompanying drawing, two methods of the practical application of my
invention are illustrated in Figures 1 to 4.
Figure 1 is a front-view of a brake according to the present invention applied to
a cycle-wheel provided with a pneumatic tyre.
A is the rod or plunger of the brake, B a plate whose two ends are bent upwards at an
angle. In the centre of the bent portions are secured pins C on which are placed the
toothed rollers D so as to be capable of rotating. These rollers D are held on
the pins C by washers E aud pins F or in any other desired way. The plate B
is provided with grooves, teeth or projections B', which serve to impede rotation
of the toothed roller D, when the latter is pressed against it, according to the
pressure exerted. G is a cross-section of a cycle wheel provided with a pneumatic
tyre against which the brake is to be applied.
Figure 2 shows the plate B seen from below, provided with grooves, teeth or
the like B¹.
Figure 3 is an end view of a toothed roller D whilst
Figure 4 shows a cylindrical roller provided with helical teeth.
The manner of using the brake is as follows:-When the brake is brought
against the tyre by pressing down the rod A in the usual manner, the toothed
rollers D grip the elastic tyre with their teeth, and at the same time rotate about
their axles C; the tyre being thus transformed as it were into a toothed wheel
engaging with the rollers D.
But at the same time that the teeth of the rollers D engage with the elastic tyre

page_text: of the wheel, the upper sides of the rollers D are pressed against the projections B¹
of the plate B, which prevent or impede the rotation of the toothed rollers D and
thereby the rotation of the wheel. The rotation is prevented or impeded more or
less according to the brake being pressed more or less strongly, that is to say
according to the toothed rollers D being pressed more or less strongly against the
tyre of the wheel.
Figures 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawing illustrate another modification of
the brake according to the present invention, Figure 5 being a side-view of the
brake and of a portion of a cycle-wheel and tyre G, & Figure 6 a front-view and
a cross-section respectively of the same parts.
A is the brake-rod, B a plate the two ends of which are bent at right angles to
the upper portion carried by the rod, thereby forming a fork. B' are small cylin-
drical studs on the vertical branches and directed towards the interior of the fork..
C is a bolt or axle on which freely turns a cylindrical toothed rubber or other
roller D. The toothed roller D is provided at each end with a smooth part D'
without teeth. E is a nut which holds the bolt C in the fork. The openings F
in the vertical portions of the fork B enable the toothed roller D to move vertically.
The operation of the brake is as follows: When the brake is pressed against the
wheel, the teeth of the toothed roller D indent, and obtain a hold on, the elastic
tyre G, and the toothed roller D tends to move vertically (in an upward direction)
but is impeded in this movement by the studs B¹ which press against the smooth
cylindrical portions D' of the roller D and compress them more or less according-
to the force with which the brake is pressed against the tyre, whereby the speed
of the rotation of the toothed roller D and afterwards of that of the cycle-wheel
is reduced. Instead of the studs B₁ some other similar means for reducing the
speed of rotation of the toothed roller D may be employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven--
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A brake for wheels provided with pneumatic or other elastic tyres, consisting
of a support carrying two rollers one on either side of the tyre, which rollers.
freely rotate on spindles on said support, which is provided on the side, on which.
the rollers are fixed, with notches, grooves or projections, so as to press against
the upper ends of the rollers, when the latter are applied against them, upon.
application of the brake to the tyre, substantially as described.
2. In a brake of the character described the use of cylindrical or conical rollers
having central perforations and provided on the outer surface with grooves or
teeth, arranged obliquely, helically or parallel to the axis of the roller substantially
as and for the purpose described.
3. A modification of the brake described consisting of a fork having parallel.
branches carrying a toothed or grooved roller on a spindle carried in a slotted
bearing in said branches which fork is also provided with studs or projections
adapted to press against the smooth cylindrical ends of the toothed roller
substantially as described.
4. In a brake as characterised in Claim I a toothed roller having at each end a
smooth portion against which press cylindrical studs or projections on the roller
support, as and for the purpose described.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting a complete brake for
oycles, substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 or in
Figures 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of March 1897.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.