Improved Apparatus for the Manufacture of Horse Shoe or other Nails.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th May, 1887.
Specification Accepted, 8th July, 1887.
Improved Apparatus for the Manufacture of Horse Shoe or
other Nails.
I, ALEXANDER JEAN CONRAD BANNWART of Zurich in the Swiss Republic
Manufacturer and Merchant do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
My invention relates to improvements in machines designed for use in the
manufacture of horseshoe nails by that particular method known to the art as
"forging," and has for its object the provision of a machine of the class named,
wherein the end of a nail rod is, by gradual reduction, quickly transformed into a
nail blank, adapted to be subsequently finished by a separate machine.
To this end the invention consists, in a series of roller dies, journalled to a suitable
carrier and adapted to be successively brought into contact with the rod.
The invention further consists in the peculiar construction, arrangement and
operation of the several elements comprised in the machine, as hereinafter described.
The invention also relates to the finishing of the blanks of horeshoe nails, and this
part of my invention consists in cold-rolling and indenting the blanks, while carried
by side dies, and in then shearing the surplus metal from the points, and in the
construction and arrangement of devices for effecting these operations, as fully set
forth hereinafter.
Referring to the accompanying drawings which illustrate one embodiment of my
invention.
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation, partly in section, of a machine for forging horse
shoe nails constructed in accordance with my invention.
Fig. 2 represents a plan view of the operative parts of the machine.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the die carrier, taken on the line 1-2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a detail plan view of the rod guide detached from the machine.
Fig. 5 represents an elevation of a finished horseshoe nail, showing one of the
forms imparted by my invention.

page_text: Fig. 6 is a plan of a pair of dies, that operate to form the sides of the nails, and a
centre-piece (or guide) in position slightly in advance of, and between them.
Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 45, 46, of Fig. 1.
Fig. 8 represents an elevation (with disk G, and die G³ removed) of dies G³, H¹
and K, acting on a nail blank.
Fig. 9 is a sectional elevation of a horseshoe nail finishing machine, illustrating
such parts of the machine as operate directly upon the nail blanks.
Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional elevation of the machine.
Fig. 11 is a detached edge view of part of the transfer device.
Fig. 12 is a plan view of the machine.
•
Fig. 13 is a plan view, shewing the parts in a different position.
Fig. 14 is a front elevation of the machine.
Fig. 15 is a sectional elevation.
Fig. 16 a plan of the nail blank.
In carrying out my invention in forging horseshoe nails, I employ a bed plate A,
which if desired, may be mounted upon legs, or supports not shown herein, I provide
the bed A, at one side of its middle with an aperture a, and at its opposite side edges
with upwardly projecting standards A', having at their upper ends journal bearings,
that receive and support the rotatable driving shaft B.
C designates the die carrier which is mounted upon the shaft B, intermediate of
the standards A³, and rotates in unison with said shaft.
D D' designate gear wheels, which are mounted upon the shaft B, at each side of
the carrier C, and provided with sleeved hubs D2, D3, that extend, and are secured to
the standards A¹, for the purpose of holding said wheels from rotation.
One of said wheels, to wit, D, operates within a recess formed in one of the side
faces of the carrier, and is provided upon its opposite sides with bevel gear teeth d, d',
that engage similar teeth formed upon bevel gear pinions E E mounted upon the
inner ends of shafts F, F¹, that are journaled in bearings formed radially-through
an annular flange C, formed upon one side of the carrier C.
G G¹ designate discs which are mounted upon the outer ends of the shafts F F¹,
and provided upon their outer faces with short studs g, g. Dies G2 G3 are mounted
upon the faces of the disks G G upon prolongations of the shafts F F¹ or on screws f
that extend into said shafts and secure the dies thereto. Each stud g, bears on a
shoulder g of its die, and insures the positive turning of the die with the disk or
shaft and holds the die positively in position, yet the die may be quickly removed and
replaced in exact position, the removal being effected by withdrawing the screw f
H designates a peripheral groove formed about the carrier C, intermediate of the
shafts FF within which are secured by screws h, blocks H¹, the outer surfaces of
which at the rear ends thereof, are a little above (that is to say, farther from the
centre of the roll carrier,) the outer surfaces of the discs G G¹, whilst the said surfaces
at the forward ends are inclined downward as shown in Figs. 1 and 6. The blocks H
are placed slightly in advance of the discs, and are provided at their rear ends with
curved side faces, see Fig. 6.
By reference to the drawing Fig. 1, it will be observed the discs G G¹, having
dies G G3 as above described are arranged between the points 1 and 9, at equal
.distances apart upon the carrier, and the said dies are so formed and arranged as to
gradually reduce the nail rod in lateral direction, to the proper size and shape
required.
I, designates discs similar in form and size with the discs G, that are mounted upon
one end of shafts I', which turn in sleeves I³, that project through the carrier C,
outside of the flange C¹. I provide the opposite ends of the shafts I' with gear
pinions I that engage and are rotated by the spur gear wheel D¹.
K designates dies which are mounted upon the faces of each alternate disc I, upon
the projecting ends of the shafts I', or upon the screws that extend into said shafts,
and are caused to turn with said shafts by studs that project from said dises I, in
same manner as studs g g on the discs G G'.

page_text: The dies K have smooth outer edges that impinge against one of the faces of the
nail and said edges have such size, and configuration as, in conjunction with rollers L,
to be described, to gradually reduce the end of the nail rod to the proper thickness
and shape, to form the desired nail blank.
The said alternate discs I, and their dies K, are placed above small smooth faced
rollers L, which turn loosely upon pins 1, (shown by dotted lines) that project from
blocks, that are held in position within corresponding recesses in the carrier by
screws, as shown by dotted lines at X, or by clips as shown at y, Fig. 1. The
rollers L operate within the groove H, as shown. The inner ends of the pins l,
enter recesses formed in the carrier at the opposite side of the groove H, as shown
in Fig. 7. By this construction the rollers can be readily removed and replaced in
case of wear or injury.
It will also be observed that the other alternate discs are mounted with guides K',
similar in peripheral form to the dies K, but thin enough to operate between the
dies G G³ as shown in Fig. 3. Each die K', is placed immediately over one of the
blocks H¹, slightly in advance of the centres of the dises G G¹, and operates in con-
junction with the block H¹ to prevent twisting or turning of the nail blank on its
edge, while being acted on by the dies G2 G³. The different parts are maintained in
the same relative positions to each other by being secured to and carried by the
carrier C, and the hold of the blocks H', and guides K', is always a little in advance
of the point of contact of the dies G2 G3 as they travel along the nail blank, as shown
by the drawing, Fig. 8.
When it is desired to make the nail such as is represented in Fig. 5, the beveling
and bending dies P P¹ are used. The die P has a curved surface, and a projection,
and the die P' has two projections. The operation of the dies P P¹ is as follows:-
The projection on the die P, and the first projection on the die P¹, are simultaneously
brought in contact with the head of the nail blank at its junction with the rod and
together act to bevel the top of the head as shown in Fig. 5. Immediately after this
operation the second projection on the die P¹, comes in contact with the blank at the
junction of the head with the shank to force it down against the curved surface of the
die P, and bend it so that the shank is brought centrally in line with the head as
represented in Fig. 5.
The nail rod is supported below the carrier at an angle with its face, projecting into
the line of action of the dies as shown in Fig. 1, and in dotted lines Fig. 2.
Having described the means by which the nail rod is reduced to the proper size and
shape of a nail blank, I will now proceed to describe the means whereby the nail
blank is cut to the proper length, and severed from the nail rod.
I accomplish the first of these objects, to wit, cutting the nail blank to a predeter-
mined length by cutters N N', one of which, N, is secured by a screw n, within a
slot n', formed in a block N2, secured to the face of a disc N³, mounted upon one end
of a shaft N, (shown by dotted lines Fig. 1,) that is, journaled in the carrier C, this
shaft is provided upon its opposite end with a gear pinion similar to the pinions I³,
that engages with, and is rotated by the spur gear wheel D¹.
The other cutter N¹, is secured by a disc N³, and nut n², upon the face of a disc N°,
that is mounted within a recess in the carrier upon the end of a shaft N', which
turns in the carrier C, parallel with the shaft N*, and is operated in unison with the
latter shaft through engaging gear wheels shown by dotted lines Fig. 1.
The cutters NN¹ are adapted to shear off any surplus metal at the point of the
nail blank, as will be understood.
The nail blank after being brought to the required form and size, is severed from
the rod by adjustable cutters R R', the first of which is held by a screw r, within a
slot, formed in a cutter head R2, secured to the face of a disc R³, mounted upon a
shaft turning in the carrier and operated in manner similar to shaft N*.
The opposite cutter R', is held within the face of a cutter head R*, which is secured
by a screw to the face of a disc R³, mounted upon a rotatable shaft, within a
recess in the carrier.

page_text: The cutter R, has a V-shaped edge which projects beyond or outside of the pitch
line of the driving gear of the head, carrying the cutter, while the cutter R', has a
square or nearly square edge, which as shown is set at or a little inside of the pitch
line of its driving gear.
While the carrier C, moves in the direction of its arrow
Fig. 1, each cutter head is revolved in the direction of its arrow, so that the shearing
portions of the cutters do not for the time being, travel forward with the carrier, but
move on lines approximately at right angles with the faces of the nail rod.
If the cutters R R₁ were both of the same shape and of equal length from the
centres of the shafts, the head of the nail would be cut upon curved lines forming a
rib in the centre, but by arranging the cutters as shown, one projecting beyond and
the other within the pitch line of the gears, the line of movement of the shearing
edge of the cutter R, is nearly at right angles to the faces of the nail rod and the
latter is cut upon this line, forming the face or end of the head at right angles to the
line of the shank, as shown in Fig. 5.
The head R', having the cutter R, is beveled at r, so that when the nail is severed
from the rod it is forced downward by the square end of the cutter R³, and periphery
of its head R, upon the bevel 4 and thereby quickly projected laterally from the
machine, and through the aperture a, in the bed A, to a suitable receptacle below.
S, Figs. 3 and 4, designates a guide bar, which is adjustably held by a clamping
jaw s, and screws s¹, to a bracket S¹, secured to the bed A. The end 82 of the bar S
projects upward and is beveled as shown in Fig. 4, to serve as a bearing for, and to
guide the nail rod T, to the dies. A furnace V, is secured to the bed A, and
operates as a guide and support to direct the rod to the guide S, which rod constitutes
the support for the blank.
W W¹ designate feed rollers by which the rod is fed forward to and through the
furnace.
The several die shafts F F and I', and rolls L, and all other revolving parts in the
carrier C, are supplied with oil in the following manner :-To supply the shafts F F¹,
I form a groove (in the inner surface of the flange, which groove
connect by vents c³, with the journal bearings of the shafts FF, I supply oil to the
groove C, through bores d' de, that extend within the body of the gear wheel D, form
an annular groove D', formed in the sleeve D, of said gear wheel. d designates an
aperture opening into the groove D. The shafts I', are provided with oil, through
bores c, that extend in the body of the carrier from the journals of the shafts I, to an
annular groove c', formed in the face of the carrier to which oil is fed through a
funnel or tube c, that extends through the fixed wheel D, to said groove. As will be
readily understood oil in the grooves C, and c', will by centrifugal force be fed to
the vents and c, and thence to the shafts F, F, and I', and all other bearings in
the carrier C.
The oil for the rolls L, passes from the groove C³, to and through the pins 7, to the
bearings of the rolls L, on said pins l.
The nail rod is first acted on by the die K, and roll L, (the carrier rotating in the
direction of the arrow) and is by said dies slightly elongated and reduced in thickness,
the blank is next operated upon by the side dies, which reduce in width, elongate and
bend it into a plane parallel with the face of the carrier, it is then operated on in
consecutive order by each pair of face and side dies, and finally by the bending and
bevelling dies, and cutters.
All the dies and rolls have plain ungrooved faces, and are relatively formed to draw
down the head and shank of the blank to proper shape.
I have herein shown and described the nail rod as operated upon by the dies at the
bottom of the carrier. This is of great importance as thereby I am enabled to avoid
all danger of the nails becoming entangled in the dies, as sometimes results when said
nails are formed at the top of the machine. Although I have shown a certain
number of dies it will be understood that a greater or less number may be employed if
found desirable.
Before describing the general structure of the finishing machine, I will refer first

page_text: to the essential features or parts which operate directly upon the nails to reduce
them from the rough state in which they leave the forging machine to a completed
condition.
The said essential parts (referring now particularly to figures 9 to 16) are, a nail
blank hopper or reservoir A, a nail holder B, roller dies f, g, carrying fingers D, D,
clamping side jaws m, m, a transfer device having jaws n, n, and cutting or shearing
devices o, P, 9.
These parts are so constructed and operated that the fingers D, will seize a nail
blank at the bottom of the hopper A, at the same time that the jaws m, seize a blank
held in the holder B, and as the fingers move from the hopper A, the jaws move from
adjacent to the holder B, and a nail blank will be carried from the hopper to the
holder by the fingers D, at the same time that the jaws m, carry the preceding blank
from the holder between the roller dies to a position to be seized by the jaws n, n, and
the latter will then revolve a half a revolution and hold the blank in a position to be
sheared and will then release it.
The above described parts may be constructed in different ways and will vary in
formn somewhat according to the character of the nail to be finished.
The hopper A consists of a bar having a T-headed channel a, open at one side, so
that the blanks may be introduced at the top, with their heads in the widest portions
of the channel, their shanks projecting through the narrower portion, and the bottom
of the channel is closed by a tongue a', constituting a part of a lever F, swinging on
a pivot 3, and kept normally in the position shown in Fig. 9, by a spring a².
The end of the tongue and.opposite face of the hopper A, are beveled so that the
tongue will be thrown downward from the hopper as the fingers D, pass between
the same to grip the head of the lowest nail blank and the latter is carried away from
the hopper as the fingers nove in the direction of their arrow Fig. 12, the tongue a',
closing automatically to prevent any other blank from leaving the hopper.
The holder B, consists of a narrow disc d, and a narrow overhanging blade c,
towards which the disc is pressed by springs d' acting upon the bearings of the disc,
the latter yielding as the nail blank is carried between the disc and the blade, and
clamping the nail blank against the blade, when the fingers separate prior to returning
to a position to seize another blank from the hopper.
The jaws m, m, which seize the blank after it has been placed in the holder,
consist of thin blades, the edges of which conform to the shape of the sides of the nail,
carried by the levers G G vibrating upon pivots 4, projecting from an arm H. A
hub I, at the lower end of the arm Ĥ, rocks between bearings in the side frames K K
of the machine.
The jaws are vibrated upon their pivots to seize the blank when it is to be taken
from the holder and to release it when it is to be carried to the cutter, but hold it
firmly as the jaws carry the blank between the dies, by which it is polished and
beveled.
The dies consist of two discs or rollers f, g, the upper disc f, being cylindrical, and
the lower disc having at the edge a projection t, which indents the blank near the end
to impart the desired bevel, and having otherwise such a contour as will cause it to
operate with a planishing effect upon the face of the blank of gradually diminishing
thickness as the latter is carried between the dies.
The upper die moves in frictional contact with the blank but the lower is driven
positively at the same speed or faster or slower than the blank is carried by the jaws.
The transfer jaws n, n, are the terminals of arins projecting from hubs H'H³, each
turning with and sliding upon a shaft L, rocking in bearings in the side frames of the
machine, the hubs being separated when the jaws are to be opened to receive and
deliver a blank, but being normally carried towards each other by the action of
springs n', coiled round the shaft L, and each bearing upon one of the hubs and a
shoulder n upon the shaft.
The hubs may be caused to slide at proper intervals upon the shaft by means of
different devices, but I prefer to use a notched disc q, capable of turning freely in the

page_text: direction of the arrow, Fig. 10, upon the shaft L, but prevented from revolving in
the other direction by means of a spring catch g', which engages with the flat edge of
one of the notches, as the latter is brought opposite the shoulder of the catch.
The opposite edge of each notch x, of the disc q, is bevelled upon both sides, as
shown in the edge view Fig. 11, and each jaw'n, has a lug r, which bears against the
side of the disc q, as the latter is held stationary when the jaws swing towards the
blank held by the jaws m, m, and keep the jaws, separated from each other until
the lugs rare brought opposite the notch, adjacent to the jaws m, m, and when
the jaws n, are at the opposite sides of the head of the blank the lugs will pass into
the notch and the jaws n will be caused to grasp the head between them.
As the shaft L, is turned in the direction of the arrow Fig. 9, the arms and
jaws n, together with the disc q, will be turned with the shaft until the shoulder of
the spring catch q₁, enters the notch, the parts will then be held stationary until
the blank is sheared. As the motion of the shaft L is reversed, the disc q will be
retained stationary by the spring catch, but the lugs of the jaws n, n, will be
brought against the beveled edges of the disc above the notch, whereby the jaws
wiil be separated, so as to release the finished nail, and will be held separated as
they slide by and in contact with the disc, until their lugs are opposite the other
notch a, when they will enter the latter and the jaws will be brought together upon
the blank now held by the jaws m, m.
The cutter consists of knives p, and an anvil o secured to a cross bar M extending
between the side frames, the upper end of the anvil corresponding in form to the taper
to be imparted to the end of the nail.
The edges of the knives are beveled to correspond to the beveled edges of the anvil,
and the said knives are carried by a revolving head or disc O, having a peripheral
groove's into which the knives project, and the knives are so arranged as to shear close
to the edges of the anvil and cut off the sides of the nail blank upon the lines vv,
Fig. 16, the shearing only extending to the line y, y.
In order to centre the nail blank upon the anvil, I use blades or bars which are
brought against opposite sides of the blank after the transfer jaws n have ceased
moving. These blades may slide in bearings carried by the side frames, I prefer,
however, to connect them to the cutter head O. In which case each blade consists of
a curved spring plate k, wider at one end than at the other, fitting closely to the
periphery of the head, and bolted thereto at its narrowest end by a screw or bolt 5.
Normally, the inner edges of the blades k, are not in a position to make contact
with the nail blank, but as the widest portions of the blades are brought between arms jj
projecting from the side frames, the blades are forced inward until their inner
edges touch the sides of the nail blank, and the latter is carried to a position exactly
centering with the end of the anvil. By this means the failure of the jaws n to grip
the nail blank in such a manner as to properly present it to the anvil is immaterial.
I also use centering bars, plates, or blades to insure the proper presentation of the
nail blank to the holder B. These jaws may be constructed and operated in different
ways, as shown, they consist of arms or rods b, cach swinging at its outer end upon
supports upon one of the side frames and being acted upon by a spring 6' which tends
to maintain it in the position shown in Figs. 9, 10 and 13, and each bent downward
at the end so as to insure its contact with the shank of the nail blank as the latter is
carried between the disc d, and blade c, of the holder.
The centering bars bare swung outward from the position shown in Fig. 13, to that
shown in Fig. 12, by the contact therewith of the fingers D, when the latter move
towards the hopper or reservoir, and as the fingers move back to the position shown in
Fig. 9, the springs 6' cause the bars to follow the movements of the fingers until their
bent ends are in contact with the blank.
The fingers may be carried by any suitable moving parts of the machine, but I
prefer to fasten them to the sides of the levers G G, so that as the levers open or close
to separate or bring together the jaws m they will also separate or bring together the
fingers.

page_text: The blades constituting the jaws m may be slotted as shown in dotted lines
Figure 13, and are clamped to the levers G, G, by means of bolts 6, and clamping
plates 7, so that they may be adjusted to and secured in any suitable position.
The lower ends of the levers G G, are brought towards each other to separate the
jaws m, m, by means of a spring u, connected at its opposite ends to the lever, but the
jaws are brought together to clamp and hold the nail blank by the vibration of
levers N N, each vibrating upon a pivot 8, supported by the arm H, and the inner
end of each lever resting upon the end of a sliding bar P, the opposite end of which
terminates at a point coincident with the axis of the hub I.
in
Against the inner end of the bar P bears a finger i which extends into a recess wc,
the hub, and is carried by a lever R, vibrated at intervals so as to raise the bar P, and
vibrate the levers N N, whenever it is desired to bring together the jaws m, m, the
recess permitting the hub to vibrate, while the finger is in contact with the
bar P, this contact being maintained so as to permit the bar to be moved, whatever
may be the position of the parts by the contact of the bar and finger at the axis
of the hub, where there is no movement of the contacting parts.
The revolution of the lower die or disc g is effected by means of a rack S, carried
by or with the arm H, and gearing with toothed pinions TT, which in turn gear with
pinions U, U, upon opposite sides of the die
g.
the
In order to compensate for the wear of the die g which must be raised from time to
time as the periphery wears away the rack S, has its bearing upon screws S,
former turning in threaded openings in the arm H, and the latter in threaded openings
in a bracket S, bolted to the arm H by the pivot pins or bolts 4.
By turning the bolts S¹ S¹ the rack may be raised or lowered as desired.
In order to secure the proper adjustment of the die g, (which adjustment must be
varied when a change is made from one size nail to another), I use a lever V,
vibrating upon a pivot 9, supported by the arm H, one end of the lever extending
into a recess in the rack and the other perforated for the passage of a screw bolt W,
pivoted to an ear on the arm H, and provided with nuts 10, 10, by adjusting which,
the lever may be vibrated so as to carry the rack to any desired position upon its
bearing bolts S¹. It will be observed that other means of adjusting the rack longitu-
dinally may be employed.
The upper die or roller f, has its bearings in a bracket K', supported by a cross
piece K, connecting the side frames K, K, but the lower die and its driving wheels T,
cannot be supported in cross pieces-inasmuch as the levers G, vibrate across the lines
of the axis of the die and pinions, the latter are therefore supported by two parallel
cheek plates YY, which extend longitudinally between the levers G G, and carry
between them the die and pinions, the inner ends of the cheek plates being supported
by a bracket connected to the cross bar H, and the outer ends being supported by a
rod Z, attached at its lower end to a cross bar Z.
The rod Z is threaded, extends through the bar Z¹, and is provided with nuts ≈, z,
by turning which the rod Z may be raised and lowered so as to adjust the cheek
plates and the parts carried thereby to any desired position.
Although I have referred to a revolving shearing device, it will be evident that an
ordinary reciprocating cutter may be employed.
I have not illustrated the means for conveying motion from the driving shaft to the
various parts of the machine, as these will be evident to any one skilled in the art.
I do not limit myself to the exact construction shown, but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The combination in a horse-shoe nail forging machine, of a rotatable die carrier,
rotatable dies upon said carrier arranged to simultaneously engage the opposite faces
of a nail blank and a support substantially as described below the carrier shaft to
support and present such nail blank to said dies below the shaft of said carrier, as and
for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 2. A rotatable die carrier provided with dies arranged in successive sets to operate
simultaneously upon the opposite faces of a nail blank in combination with a furnace
secured in a fixed position and constituting a guide for said blank, and feed rollers to
move the nail bar forward through said furnace, substantially as described.
3. In combination a supporting bed, a rotatable die carrier mounted thereon, and
provided with a series of dies to successively engage the opposite sides of a nail rod,
and a series of dies to successively engage the opposite faces of said rod, a furnace
secured to said support, and means substantially as described to feed the nail rod
through said furnace to said dies, as and for the purpose specified.
4. In a horse-shoe nail forging machine, a rotative die carrier, in combination with
a series of rotatable dies mounted upon said carrier, and means substantially as
described for positively rotating said dies, and for presenting a nail blank between
two series of dies supported by the carrier, below the axis thereof, as and for the
purpose specified.
5. In a nail forging machine a supporting bed, a rotatable die carrier mounted
thereon, and provided with a series of rotatable dies having gear pinions in combina-
tion with fixed spur gear wheels, for rotating said dies, and means substantially as
described whereby the nail rod is fed to said dies between the carrier and its
supporting bed.
6. In a nail forging machine, a grooved die carrier a series of rotatable side
dies G, G³, thereon, in combination with a series of blocks H¹, substantially as
- described.
7. A rotatable die-carrier, side dies G2, G3, rotatably mounted thereon in combina-
tion with blocks H', and rotatable face guides K, substantially as described.
8. A grooved rotatable die carrier G, dies L, rotatably mounted thereon in combi-
nation with blocks 1, having journal pins l, and means substantially as described for
holding said blocks in position, as and for the purpose set forth.
9. The combination with the carrier and its rotative dies, of the rollers L, and pins
supporting the rollers and supported each by a block secured detachably to the carrier,
substantially as described.
10. The recessed carrier, having detachable blocks fitting the recesses and rollers
carried by pins supported by said blocks, substantially as described.
11. The combination of the dies having shoulders, of rotative discs having studs
arranged to bear on said shoulders and securing devices connecting the dies detachably
to the discs, substantially as described.
12. The combination with the carrier or a series of rotative side dies, and a block
arranged in advance of each pair of side dies, substantially as described.
13. The combination with the carrier of rotative side dies, blocks, in advance of
said dies, and face guides each revolving above one of said blocks, substantially as
described.
14. In combination a rotating carrier, side dies pivotted to said carrier, blocks and
face guides arranged substantially as described, said dies, blocks and face guides
having plain ungrooved faces adapted to operate upon all sides or faces of a nail
blank, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
15. The combination of the carrier, having side dies, blocks, and face guides and
face arranged as described, the dies and rolls arranged in the same vertical plane,
substantially as described.
16. The combination of the cutter shafts and heads having cutters fixed thereto to
sever a finished nail from a nail rod, one cutter projecting beyond, and the other at or
within the pitch line of the shaft connecting- gears, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
17. The combination of the carrier, revolving cutter heads and cutters, the outer
head having a bevelled edge and the inner head having a cutter arranged to force the
blank against the said bevelled edge, substantially as described.
18. The combination with the rotating carrier, and guides for presenting a nail rod
at an angle thereto, of rotating dies, constructed and arranged substantially as

page_text: described, to bevel the head and bend the shank central with the head, after the head
is formed, substantially as set forth.
19. A rotatable die carrier having a series of rotatable die carrying shafts mounted
dies carried by said shafts, and annular and radial chambers to supply said shafts with
oil, substantially as described.
20. A rotatable die carrier C, having rotatable dies, and oil receiving grooves (³, c7,
in combination with fixed gear wheels D, D', having vents to conduct oil to said
grooves substantially as described.
21. A rotatable die carrier provided with rotatable nail forming dies in combination
with a guide bar S arranged substantially as described.
22. In a machine for cold rolling horse shoe nails, a pair of travelling side jaws
fitted to the sides of the nail blank combined with rolling dies arranged to act
upon the opposite faces of the blank as it is carried between them, substantially as
described.
23. The combination with the hopper and shearing device of a horse shoe nail
finishing machine, of a stationary nail holder, rolling dies and reciprocating carrying
fingers between the hopper and holder to conduct the blanks from the hopper to the
holder, reciprocating clamping dies constructed and operating to conduct the blanks
from the holder between the rolling dies and a transfer device operating to conduct
the nail blanks from the clamping dies to the shearing device, substantially as
described.
24. The combination with the positively driven cold rolling die, of clamping dies at
opposite sides of the rolling die and supported by a vibrating carrier travelling past
the rolling die, and geared to move at a speed approximating that of the periphery of
the rolling die, substantially as described.
25. The combination of the positively driven roller die, vibrating arm H, and levers
pivotted to said arm, and carrying clamping jaws coinciding with the form of the
shank of the nail, substantially as described.
26. The combination with the cold rolling dies of a hopper, a blank holder and
reciprocating fingers arranged and operating to seize the blanks successively from the
hopper and conduct them to the holder, substantially as described.
27. The combination with the rolling dies of a holder for supporting successive
nail blanks each in a position opposite the dies and reciprocating clamping jaws
travelling past the rolling dies on opposite sides thereof, and carrying the blanks
successively between the dies, substantially as described.
28. The combination of the rolling dies, reciprocating clamping jaws, shearing
device and transfer appliances whereby each blank is carried between the clamping
jaws and the shearing device and retained until sheared and then released, substantially
as described.
29. The hopper consisting of a vertical bar or case, having a Tee headed slot, and
closed at the lower end, by a tongue, in combination with reciprocating fingers
swinging to and from the hopper, and constructed to move the tongue to release a
blank as they are brought in position to seize the latter, substantially as set forth.
30. The combination of the rolling dies and hopper, and an intermediate holder for
retaining the blanks after each is transferred from the hopper, and before it is
delivered to the dies, substantially as set forth..
31. The combination in the holder, of a blade, and a disc arranged opposite to the
blade, with spring bearings permitting the part to yield for the intermediate passage
of a nail blank substantially as set forth.
9,
32. The combination of the side clamping jaws, and a roller die the clamping
jaws being carried by vibrating supports, and the roller die having its bearings in
cheek pieces extending between the vibrating supports, substantially as set forth.
33. The combination of the vibrating arm carrying the clamping jaws, the roller
dies, and a rack carried with the vibrating arm and geared with the lower roller die,
substantially as set forth.
34. The combination of the roller die, vibrating arm, levers carrying clamping jaws,
hopper, holder, and gripping fingers hung to said levers, substantially as set forth.
n

page_text: 35. The combination of the hopper and holder, and the gripping fingers, of guide
rods b, b, for centering the blank in the holder, substantially as set forth.
36. The combination with the holder and vibrating gripping fingers, of pivotted
guide arms b, b, and springs b¹, substantially as set forth.
37. The combination with the lower rolling die, reciprocating rack and gears, of
vertically adjustable bearings for the rack, substantially as set forth.
38. The combination with the vibrating arm carrying the side jaws and rack
carried by said arm, of means for adjusting the rack longitudinally, for the purpose
specified.
39. The combination of the vibrating arm H, levers G, G, pivotted to the arm and
carrying the side jaws, and levers N,N, and operating devices for vibrating the
levers G, G, substantially as set forth.
40. The combination of the arm H, levers G, G, N, N, rod P, extending to the
centre of the shaft carrying the arm, and a lever R, provided with a pin bearing
against the end of the said rod, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
41. The combination with the side jaws and shearing device, of an intermediate
transfer device constructed with jaws and devices for opening and closing them to
carry the blank from the side dies and present it in a reversed position to the shearing
device, substantially as set forth.
42. The combination with the side jaws and shearing device, of a rock shaft
carrying hubs H'H' sliding upon said shaft and provided with gripping jaws, and
with means for separating and bringing together said jaws, substantially as described.
43. The combination with the rock shaft L, of arms provided with gripping jaws,
and lugs r,
disc q, having notches, and bevelled adjacent to each notch, and catch q',
substantially as set forth.
44. The combination in the shearing device, of an anvil, a revolving head carrying
cutters arranged to shear against the edges of the anvil, and a guiding device for
centering the blanks upon the anvil, substantially as described.
45. The combination with the revolving cutter head, and its cutters, of the curved
blades k, each secured to the head at one end, and increasing in width towards the
other, and stationary arms j, j, substantially as set forth.
46. In a nail finishing machine, gripping jaws arranged to clamp the blank along
the sides, combined with rolling dies arranged to act upon the opposite faces of the
blank while held by the jaws, substantially as described..
47. The combination with the finishing rolls, of gripping jaws carried by recipro-
cating supports moving past the sides of the rolls, said jaws constructed to grip the
blanks at the sides and carry them between the rolls, substantially as described.
48. In a nail finishing machine the combination with finishing dies and shearing
devices, of intermediate transfer devices whereby the blanks are carried between the
dies and shearing devices and reversed, substantially as set forth.
D
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Applicant's Agent.