IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING MINERAL AND OTHER OILS
Year: 1884

page_text: I ABRAHAM MARTIN of 177 Aston Lane Birmingham in the County of
Warwick, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING MINERAL AND OTHER OILS" to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to an improved burner for lamps consuming mineral and
other oils, and has for its object to simplify and cheapen the construction of the
burner, to obtain a brilliant flame of high illuminating power free from odor or
smoke and to economise the consumption of oil.
The burner is constructed of a wick casing composed of an inner and outer
conical tube the inner tube being held in place within the outer tube by two
opposite lateral tubes of oval section situated near the base of the burner and by
division plates or wings rising from the top of these lateral tubes.
The lower end of the inner tube is closed by a plate from which rises a deflector
situated opposite to and between the lateral tubes and dividing the inner tube
diametrically so as to separate the opposite currents of air entering by the lateral
openings and divert them upwardly through the central tube. This deflector is
preferably of A shape with concave surfaces and may rise to any suitable height
in the tube and may be surmounted by an inverted cone rising concentrically to
the top of the burner or nearly so, the upper end of this conical deflector being
of such area as to occupy the greater part of the area of the central tube and is so
situated as to distribute the draught uniformly against the inner circumference
of the wick and ensure perfect combustion and a perfectly steady flame.
This inverted cone may be hollow to receive any carbonised debris which may
fall into the burner in trimming the wick the cone being made removable for
cleaning. The bottom of the inner tube and the lower deflector may also be inade
removable for the same purpose.
The inverted cone and the lower deflector may be continued in one and in
burners of small size the inverted cone might be dispensed with the lower deflector
alone being used.
The lateral apertures above mentioned are enclosed in a casing which is
perforated opposite said apertures and is separated by a horizontal partition
from the perforated casing or windguard above through which air is ad nitted
D21

page_text: to the exterior of the flame so that the internal and external draughts are totally
independent of one another. The casing enclosing the lateral apertures also
encloses the toothed wheels by which the wicks are adjusted which work through
the outer tube of the wick casing so that any vapors generated in the reservoir
which might escape thereat will be carried by the draught into the central tube
and be consumed.
There are two flat wicks which pass up at opposite sides of the lateral tubes
and are brought gradually to a complete circular form at the top of the burner.
The general form and proportions of the burner are such as to ensure a proper
distribution of the air which is essential to obtaining a brilliant and steady
light.

page_text: I ABRAHAM MARTIN of 177 Aston Lane, Birmingham in the County of
Warwick, Engineer. do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR BURNING MINERAL AND OTHER OILS" and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My Invention relates to an improved burner for lamps consuming mineral and
other oils, and has for its object to simplify and cheapen the construction of the
burner, to obtain a brilliant flame of high illuminating power free from odour or
smoke, and to economise the consumption of oil.
The Invention consists, essentially, in the combination in a burner (having an
independent central draught admitted at two opposite lateral apertures) of a
deflector and cone removably fixed within the inner or central tube of the wick
casing for the purpose of preventing the mutual interference of the air currents
entering said tube by the two opposite lateral apertures and to divert them
upwards and distribute them uniformly to the flame, said deflector and cone being
removable with the bottom of the tube for cleaning.
In order that the Invention may be more readily understood I have illustrated
it in the accompanying Drawings and will proceed to describe it with reference
thereto. Figure 1 is a central vertical section of the burner in the plane of the
lateral air openings. Figure 2 is a similar section at right angles thereto. Figure 3
is a horizontal section on line 1-1 Figure 1. Figures 4, 5, 6, 7 show details of
the deflector separately.
The burner is constructed of a wick casing composed of an outer conical tube a,
and an inner tube b held in place within the outer tube by two opposite short
lateral tubes c of oval section situated near the base of the burner, and by division
plates or wings rising from the top of these lateral tubes e all much as usual.
The lower end of the inner tube b is closed by a plate d having a flanged edge
and fitting accurately within the tube b so as to be held firmly in place and yet
be removable for which purpose it is provided with a thumb piece d. From this
plate rises a deflector e, situated opposite to and between the lateral tubes c, and
dividing the inner tube b diametrically so as to separate the opposite currents of
air entering by the lateral openings c and divert them upwardly through the
central tube b. This deflector e is preferably of the curved or concaved A shape
shown in cross section in Figures 1 and 6, and it should rise to a sufficient height
in the tube b to prevent interference of the opposite currents of air. In Figures 1
and 2 it is surmounted by an inverted cone f rising concentrically within tube b
to the top of the burner, or nearly so, the upper end of this conical deflector being
of. a diameter only slightly less than that of the central tube and is so situated as
to distribute the draught uniformly against the inner circumference of the wick
and flame, and ensure perfect combustion and a perfectly steady flame.
This inverted cone f may be hollow to receive any carbonised debris which may
fall into the burner in trimming the wick, the cone together with the bottom d
of the inner tube and the lower deflector e, being made bodily removable for the
purpose of being cleaned.
The inverted cone may be separately removable, if desired, but it is preferred
that it should be combined in one with or permanently fixed to the deflector e.
In burners of small size the inverted cone might be dispensed with, the lower
deflector alone being used.
The lateral apertures c are enclosed in an air chamber or casing g which is
perforated at the parts g¹ immediately opposite to the said apertures c, and is

page_text: entirely separated by a horizontal partition from the perforated casing or
windguard through which air is admitted to the exterior of the flame, so that
the internal and external draughts are totally independent of one another. The
casing g also encloses the toothed wheels k, by which the wicks are adjusted, which
work through holes in the outer tube a of the wick casing, so that any vapours
generated in the reservoir which might escape thereat will be carried by the
draught through said chambers g into the central tube b and be consumed.
There are two flat wicks which pass up at opposite sides of the lateral tubes c
and are brought gradually to a semi-circular form, the two together forming a
circular wick at the top of the burner, as shown.
The general form and proportions of the burner as represented in the Drawings
are such as to ensure a proper distribution of the air which is essential to obtaining
a brilliant and steady light. The various parts of the burner are stamped up in
sheet brass in the usual way.
: .
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1 The combination, in a lamp burner having an independent central draught
admitted at two opposite lateral apertures, of a mid deflector separating the
opposite air currents and diverting them upwards, substantially as shown and
*described.
2nd The combination, in a lamp burner having an independent central draught
admitted at two opposite lateral apertures, of a mid deflector surmounted by an
inverted conical deflector, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3rd In a lamp burner, the combination of the deflector, and the removable
bottom fitted in the central tube, substantially as shown aud described.
Dated this. 26th day of March 1884.