Improvements in Grave Erections or Memorials.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 19th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 4th Mar., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Grave Erections or Memorials.
I, CHARLES MEASON, of 117 Redland Villas, Stamford Road, Birchfields, near
the City of Birmingham, Designer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
:-
This invention pertains to erections or memorials, laid over or erected near
graves, to preserve the memory of the dead, or otherwise, erections to record an
event at a particular spot, or in rememberence of an event, action or the like.
Heretofore, the said erections have generally been made in stone, or solid brass,
to wit, gravestones, and memorial brasses.
These erections are expensive, and are produced only to order.
The object of my invention is a cheap erection, capable of being made part of the
general stock of an undertaker.
The said invention cousists in making the said erections, in the form of panelled,
filled in, or open frames, made either by the casting process, and the tubes or bars
to be held together, by chills as used in the manufacture of metallic bedsteads or
otherwise, or built up partly of wrought, and partly of cast metal, and produced
either integral or in sectious, or otherwise, the said erections may be fitted or made
up entirely of sections of wrought metal, fitted together in any convenient manner,
and with porcelain tiles, slate, marble, stone or other panels or ornaments, fitted
between or within the sections.
The said erections may have contained within them, frames for the display of
the portrait of a deceased person, or enclosures for the deposit of relics, memorial
cards, ashes and the like, and I also may introduce vases for flowers or the like,
and further, cases for containing made up inscriptions, epitaphs, and the like, by
aid of loose letters.
I may introduce marble, stone or other material for the inscription of the
deceased person or persons.
In carrying out one form of my invention in connection with an upright erection,
I take a length of tubing or a rod, of a length, sufficient to form the sides, top and
base, or that part which is to be passed into the earth, to make the same stable
when in position, and bend the same into a frame or staple-shaped enclosure, and
within the middle or other part of the space of the same, I arrange a frame
receptacle or enclosure, for the containing of a portrait or relics of a deceased
person. The said enclosure is glazed at front, and may have below it, an inscription
or epitaph frame, with an enamelled or engraved tablet, stone, marble tiles or
otherwise, or the words of the inscription made up of loose or fitted letters, so that
the undertaker keeps in stock, ordinary loose letters, and fits the same within their
cases, or on plates, sections, panels or otherwise, as occasion requires.
These frames are connected to the primary and outside framing, by chilled rods
or connectious, either in iron, brass or other metal.
I propose that the said bars, rods or their equivalents, and also the frames, should
be made as ornamental as the nature of the erection requires, and that symbolic
characters, may, if desired, be arranged within the spaces, or the open spaces may
be filled with decorated or other tiles, metal panels or other materials, not
materially acted upon by atmospheric influences, and in order to preserve the same,
painting or other coatings may be given to the metallic parts. Or the metal parts
may be galvanized as a whole, or otherwise treated for the connecting together of
the component parts, when chilled sections are not employed.
The base,.feet or legs which pass into the earth, are preferably connected by a
cross bar, which prevents the upheaval and displacement of the said erection when

page_text: In carrying out another form of my invention, I make the framing of open
tubing, with the split or joint slightly separated, and coming on the inside part of
the erection, so as to form a channel, wherein sections employed in the building up
of the erection are slid and there affixed.
The sections may consist of metal panels, partly open or otherwise, or the
sections may be of earthenware, glass, stone, marble or other vitreous materials, or
earthenware or vitreous materials combined with metals.
The enclosures for the inscriptions may be attached frames, with open or glazed
fronts, and the block letters may be made to slide, or take and be clamped, within
channels or parts.
The earth legs or feet may be made to screw into the earth, by swivelly
connecting the lower parts of the erections to the said earth legs.
The erections which may be placed at the head or foot of a grave, may carry
vases or other receptacles, for the holding of flowers or decorations of the graves.
As a still further form of my invention, the boundary framing of the erection
may be built. .up of threaded sections, and so also may the filled-in portions.
In this particular form, I prefer to employ inside iron rods, upon which brass or
other casings may be strung or threaded.
Referring to the underground base part, the legs between the cross bars or
steadying cross pieces, have disposed between them, and the undersides, or the
insides of the plinths or lowest divisions of the bases, distance tubes or sleeves,
which form bearings to admit of the said cross bars or parts being rigidly connected
to the lower extremities of the said legs.
The portrait frames are provided with damp tight pads, to prevent the egress of
damp or wet to them, and further, the flower vases, urns, receptacles or the like,
have loose containers, while the whole of the metal parts may be decorated in
imitation of marble, by the process commonly called "floating," then drying the
same, which then receives a coating or coatings of copal varnish on the whole
surface, when the same is thoroughly dried and burnished.
In'b still further form of my invention, I make the middle part of the erection of
a cast or wrought iron panel, having attached to its face or front part, a marble or
other slab, and above the slab, an attached standing-out ornament, in metal, carved
wood, stone or the like.
The cross pieces at the terminations of the underground legs, may be blocks of
stone, or cast iron, or they may be swivelling blocks, with helical facings, so that
the same may be made to penetrate the ground laterally, after they are placed in
position, and further, the said legs may be fitted with swivelling helixes, which
when rotated, pass into the ground, and draw the erection after them, until the
plinth or foundation slab meets the ground.
The middles of the fronts may be let into a supplementary ornamental bordering,
and if necessary enclosed by bevelled edged glass, to protect the same from
atmospheric influences.
In building up an erection, according to a further form of my invention, I take a
bower or staple shaped framing, and fit the terminal ends of the same with a plinth
or hase, slipped upon legs, which take within the lower ends of the tube forming
the boundary edging of the erection.
The said legs are fitted with cross blocks of any material, and with threaded
tubular distance pieces, for the tightening up and affixing of the parts rigidly
together as aforesaid.
The middle part of the erection consists of a panel, having pegs or studs at the
top and bottom edges of it, or at both top bottom and sides, which take into holes in
the top side of plinth, and top underside of boundary edging or tubing, or within
the sides of the said boundary part, when studs are arranged upon the sides.
The inscription panel with emblem of faith, may be a cast metal supplementary
panel, having stone or marble facing part or parts, and which supplementary panel,
tablet or the like, is affixed by screw pegs upon the back of the same, taking
through holes in the carrying panel, and being there affixed by screw nuts.

page_text: The back of the erection may be enclosed by a supplementary covering, so as to
hide the affixing and other parts carried by the front, and to give the same a solid
appearance.
As a further form of my invention, I secure the middle and the carrying panel,
by clips on its outer edging, embracing or overhanging the boundary framing or
part.
The said carrying panel of the tablet or the like, is slipped into position, prior to
the threading on of the base or plinth, and the distance pieces or short tubes, before
the cross pieces are connected.
In the construction of an erection such as a cross, I employ short lengths of
tubing, threaded upon a cross head, with a cast and fitted panel, tablet, or the like,
coming in the middle.
The pillar is made from a slipped on piece of tubing, with base column and plinth
threaded in the same way, and with distance tubes or pieces slid on between base
and cross bottom, prior to the screwing up of a nut, upon the end of the leg upon
which the whole are strung.
In building up the said erections according to a further form of my invention, to
wit, a combined horizontal and upright erection, I construct, build up and arrange
the head and foot ends of the same, alike unto that already described, but in
addition, I make the plinth or lowest divisions of the foundation parts, which come
above the ground, alike unto cross heads or mountings, made from metal mouldings
of drawn or shaped metal, and I connect the head end with the foot end by
longitudinal borders or curbs, made from drawn or shaped mouldings, with semi-
open bottoms, fitted with cross wings, bars or parts, to prevent the erections
sinking.
The plinths or base parts as well as the sides or boundary curbings, have holes
within them, for the threading of the same collectively upon the legs, directed
vertically downwards from both the head and foot ends of the erections.
The said erections may be so provided that the ornamental figures, or objects,
such as doves, vases, niches or the like, may be dropped into recesses or sockets
made to receive them, and further, marble slate may be employed in lieu of marble
panels or the like.
I may use steel, iron or any description of a metallic nature in the tubes which
form the outside or inside frames of grave erections, also tubes with open seams, to
allow sheet iron to be fitted in same, and by that means make a solid and close
fitting panel, flush up to the tubes forming the outside frame of grave erections,
and may use clips to hold or secure the inscription slates, or blocks of stone,
marble, glass-tiles, iron or wood; by these means I can dispence with the frame
constructed to hold the marble and the like inscriptions slabs and cheapen the cost
of production.
I may also use any number of tubes affixed or combined together to form outside
or inside frames of grave erections either of iron, steel or any description of metallic
tubes, drawn, wrought or castings, or I may use wood or other materials to form
frames or panels for the constructing and building up of grave erections.
As further mode of making and constructing grave erections as described, I may
use an outside tube and an inside tube bent or curved to form shapes or forms, and
screwed, chilled, rivetted or bolted together to form the outside frame, and also the
form and shape in lieu of panel ornaments, to receive the inscription slabs or plates,
or I may use any number of tubes forming the outside frame of grave erections,
fitted or connected one against the other close up or open as desire.
The application of my invention to other menorials, differs in no essential respect
from its application to those described.
Dated this 17th day of March 1892.
I may

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Grave Erections or Memorials.
I, CHARLES MEASON, of 117 Redland Villas, Stamford Road, Birchfield, near
the City of Birmingham, Designer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention pertains to erections or memorials laid over or erected near graves,
to preserve the memory of the dead, or otherwise erections to record an event at a
particular spot, or in remembrance of an event, action, or the like.
Heretofore, the said erections have generally been made in stone or solid brass, to
wit, gravestones, and memorial brasses.
These erections are expensive, and are produced only to order.
The object of my invention is a cheap erection, capable of being made a part of
the general stock of an undertaker.
The said invention consists primarily in making the said erections in the form of
panelled, filled in, or open frames, made either by the casting process, and with the
tubes or bars held together by chills as used in the manufacture of metallic bed-
steads or otherwise or built up partly of wrought, and partly of cast metal, and
produced either integral sectional, or otherwise, the said erections may be fitted or
made up entirely of sectional parts, composed of wrought metal, fitted together in
any convenient manner, and with porcelain tiles slate, marble stone or other panels
or ornaments fitted between or within the sectional parts.
The said erections may have contained within them, frames for the display of the
*portrait of a deceased person, or enclosures for the deposit of relics, memorial cards,
ashes and the like, and I also may introduce vases for flowers or the like and
further, cases for containing made up inscriptions, epitaphs, and the like, by the aid
of loose letters.
I may introduce marble, stone, or other materials for the inscription of the
deceased person or persons.
In carrying out one form of my invention in connection with an upright erection,
I take a length of tubing or a rod, of a length sufficient to form the sides, top and
base, or that part which is to be passed into the earth, to make the same stable
when in position, and bend the same into a frame or staple shaped enclosure, and
within the middle or other part of the space of the same, I arrange a frame
receptacle or enclosure for the containing of a portrait or relics of a deceased
person. The said enclosure may be partly glazed at front, and may have below it,
an inscription or epitaph frame, with an enamelled or engraved tablet, stone,
marble, tiles or otherwise, or the words of the inscription made up of loose or fitted
letters, so that the undertaker keeps in stock ordinary loose letters, and fits the
same within their cases, or on plates, sections, panels or the like, as occasion
requires.
These frames are connected to the primary and outside framing, by chilled rods
or connections, either in iron, brass or other metal.
I propose that the said bars, rods or their equivalents, and also the frames, should
be made as ornamental as the nature of the erection requires, and that symbolic
characters may if desired be arranged within the spaces, or the open spaces may be
filled with decorated or other tiles, metal panels, or other materials not materially
acted upon by atmospheric influences, and in order to preserve the same, painting,
enamelling or other coatings may be given to the metallic parts. Or the metallic
parts may be galvanized as a whole, or otherwise treated for the connecting together
of the component parts, when chilled sections are not employed.
The base, feet or legs which pass into the earth, are preferably connected by a
cross bar, which prevents the upheaval and displacement of the said erection when
in position.

page_text: In carrying out another form of my invention, I make the framing of open
tubing, with the split or joint slightly separated, and coming on the inside part of the
erection, so as to form a channel, wherein sections employed in the building up of
the erection are slid and there affixed..
The sections may consist of metal panels, partly open or otherwise, or the
sections may be of earthenware, glass, stone, marble, or other vitreous materials, or
earthenware or vitreous materials combined with metals.
The enclosures for the inscriptions may be attached frames, with open or glazed
fronts, and the block letters may be made to slide or take and be clamped within
channels or parts.
The earth legs or feet may be made to screw into the earth, by swivelly con-
necting the lower parts of the erections to the said earth legs.
The erections, which may be placed at the head or foot of a grave, may carry
vases or other receptacles for the holding of flowers or decorations of the graves.
As a still further form of my invention, the boundary framing of the erection may
be built up of threaded sections, and so also may the filled-in portions.
In this particular form, I prefer to employ inside iron rods upon which brass or
other casings may be strung or threaded.
Referring to the underground base part, the legs between the cross bars or
steadying cross-pieces, have disposed between them, and the undersides, or the
insides of the plinths or lowest divisions of the bases, distance tubes or sleeves
which form bearings to admit of the said cross bars or parts being rigidly connected
to the lower extremities of the said legs.
The portrait frames are provided with damp-tight pads, to prevent the egress of
damp or wet to them, and further, the flower vases, uros, receptacles or the like,
have loose containers, while the whole of the metal parts may be decorated in
imitation of marble, by the process commonly called "floating." then drying the
same, which then receives a coating or coatings of copal varnish on the whole
surface, when the same is thoroughly dried and burnished.
In a still further form of my invention, I make the middle part of the erection of
a cast or wrought iron panel, having attached to its face or front part, a marble or
other slab, and above the slab, an attached standing out ornament, in metal, carved
wood, stone or the like.
The cross pieces at the terminations of the underground legs, may be blocks of
stone, or, cast iron, or they may be swivelling blocks, with helical facings, so that
the same may be made to penetrate the ground laterally, after they are placed in
position, and further, the said legs may be fitted with swivelling helixes, which when
rotated, pass into the ground, and draw the erection after them, until the plinth or
foundation slab meets the ground.
The middles of the fronts may be let into a supplementary ornamental bordering,
and if necessary enclosed by bevelled edged glass, to protect the same from
atmospheric influences.
In building up an erection according to a further form of my invention, I take a
bower or staple-shaped framing, and fit the terminal ends of the same with a plinth
or base, slipped upon legs, which take within the lower ends of the tube forming the
boundary edging of the erection.
The said legs are fitted with cross blocks of any material, and with threaded
tubular distance pieces, for the tightening up and affixing of the parts rigidly
together as aforesaid.
The middle part of the erection consists of a panel, having pegs or studs at the
top and bottom edges of it, or at both top, bottom and sides, which take into holes
in the top side of a plinth, and top underside of boundary edging or tubing, or within
the sides of the said boundary part, when studs are arranged upon the side.
The inscription panel, with emblem of faith, may be a cast metal supplementary
panel, having stone or marble facing part or parts, and which supplementary panel,
tablet or the like, is affixed by screw pegs upon the back of the same, taking through
holes in the carrying panel, and being there affixed by screw nuts.

page_text: The back of the erection may be enclosed by a supplementary covering, so as to
hide the affixing and other parts carried by the front, and to give the same a solid
appearance.
As a further form of my invention, I secure the middle and the carrying panel,
by clips on its outer edging, embracing or overhanging the boundary framing
or part.
The said carrying panel of the tablet or the like, is slipped into position prior to
the threading on of the base or plinth, and the distance pieces or short tubes, before
the cross pieces are connected.
In the construction of an erection such as a cross, I employ short lengths of
tubing threaded upon a cross head, with a cast and fitted panel, tablet or the like,
coming in the middle.
The pillar part is made from a slipped on piece of tubing, with base column and
plinth threaded in the same way, and with distance tubes or pieces slid on between
base and cross bottom, prior to the screwing up of a nut upon the end of the leg
upon which the whole are strung.
In building up the said erections according to a further form of my invention, to
wit, a combined horizontal and upright erection, I construct, build up and arrange
the head and foot ends of the same, alike unto that already described, but in
addition, I make the plinth or lowest divisions of the foundation parts, which come
above the ground, alike unto cross heads or mouldings, made from metal mouldings
of drawn or shaped metal, and I connect the head end with the foot end by
longitudinal borders or curbs, made from drawn or shaped mouldings, with semi-
open bottoms, fitted with cross wings, bars or parts, to prevent the erections
sinking.
The plinths or base parts, as well as the sides or boundary curbings, have holes
within them, for the threading of the same collectively upon the legs, directed
vertically downwards from both the head and foot ends of the erections.
The said erections may be so provided that the ornamental figures or objects, such
as doves, vases, niches or the like, may be dropped into recesses or sockets made to
receive them, and further, marble slate may be employed in lieu of marble panels
or the like.
I may use steel, iron or any substance of a metallic nature in the tubes which
form the outside or inside frames of grave erections also tubes with open seams to
allow sheet iron to be fitted in same and by that means make a solid and close
fitting panel flush up to the tubes forming the outside frame of the grave
erection, and I may use clips to hold or secure the inscription slates or blocks of
stone, marble, glass, tiles or iron or wood. By this means I can dispense with the
frame constructed to hold the marble, etc. inscription slates and cheapen the cost of
production.
1 also may use any number of tubes different or combined together to form
outside or inside frames of grave erections, either of iron, steel or any description
of metallic tubes drawn wrought or castings, or I may use wood or other
materials to form frames or panels for the constructing and building up of grave
erections.
As a further mode of making and constructing grave erections as described I
may use an outside tube and an inside tube bent or curved to form shapes or forms
and screwed or chilled or rivetted or bolted together to form the outside frame
and also the form or shape in lieu of panel ornaments to receive the inscription
slates or plates, or I may use any number of tubes forming the outside frame of
grave erections fitted or connected one against the other close up or open as I may
desire.
The application of my invention to other memorials, differs in no essential
respect from its application to those described.
Figure 1. of the accompanying drawings represents partly in front elevation, and
partly in vertical section, a grave, tomb, or other like erection, made constructed
and fitted together or provided according to one form of my invention,

page_text: The said erection, which is essentially a composite one, is made up partly of
wrought, and partly of cast metal, and with stone and other additions constituting
the inscription tablet or parts.
Figure 2. represents a front elevation of a detail part, to wit, the attached
frame for the holding of the portrait of a deceased person, or for the holding of
relics or the like which may require to be deposited or held.
Figure 3. represents in side elevation, the said frame with a glazed front, whilst
Figure 4 represents a rubber pad, situated at the back of the said frame, and
adapted to make the same damp-proof.
Figure 5 represents a part section of a portion of the panel.
a is a bower shaped frame, composed of an arched top a²; of middle pillar
part a; of base part a', earth legs a', and foundation part a. The upper part a³
is made preferably from a bent piece of tubing, connected to a³, by chill corners or
castings b, which are made in common with an inside suspended frame c (as
hereinafter described) located within the bower-shaped enclosure as aforesaid, and
which said upper part may be made from rod or sheet metal, or from a non-
metallic substance, provided with or having metallic shoed ends, so as to admit of
the connection being made by chill castings.
The pillars a, may be made from tubular lengths of metal, or they may be
made from marble, stone, earthenware or other materials threaded upon a central
rod, which is drawn up, and the parts affixed in their relative positions, by nuts or
other means.
The lower parts a, a, consist preferably of lengths of tubing, or rods having
cast around them at their lower and upper ends respectively, collar abutments a',
and with the parts a', and the pillars a³, united together by chill castings b³.
Threaded upon the upper parts of the earth legs a³, are distance sleeves or
tubes d, whilst threaded upon the lower ends of the said rods or tubes a³, are cross
plate or foundation blocks or lengths e, having holes e, through them, and with
the same kept up to the said distance sleeves d, by nuts f, taking upon the lower
screwed ends of the said tubes a, constituting primarily the earth legs.
Thus it will be seen that the distance tubes or sleeves d, when the nuts are
wrung up, affixedly secure the parts in their proper relative positions.
•
g is an inscription slab or panel, composed of marble, stone, earthenware, metal,
or other suitable substance, and carried by a sheet metal panel h, with the edges
lying within an inside bordering rabate or edging, and there affixed by rivettings
or other means, whilst the slab g, is affixed to the panel h, by pins or ornamental
headed bolts gl.
The inside suspended frame c, is preferably cast in one piece with the junction
chills b, 6, but the same may, if necessary, be attachedly connected to the said
corners or other parts, by pins, clips or other means.
is a portrait or other frame, wherein a portrait may be placed, and which
frame is connected to the panel h, by rivettings, clips or otherwise.
The frame, which has a rabate upon its inside boundary edge, is preferably
lined with rubber, and between the said frame, and the panel, rubber is also
interposed, for making the same damp-proof.
jis an attached vase, with a stem j³, passing through the tube and affixed by a
screwed knob j³.
Instead of the frame being made up of sectional tubing parts, it may be made
up of a continuous length of tubing.
Figure 6 represents a grave erection, constructed according to a further form of
my invention, composed of loosely fitted or cast-together parts, the primary
framing of which consists of a plinth supporting side pillars with the top frame,
and between which enclosure, an inscription slab or panel is affixed by clips or by
other means.
Figures 7 and 8 represent the junction corner clips or shoes, for securing the
slab or panel to the upper and lower framing parts.

page_text: g is a slab or panel of any material, enclosed at sides by pillars a³, and at top
and bottom by a plinth a', and termiual a².
The connection of the pillars to the terminal is made by screw pins ?,
directed upwardly through holes in the winged extensions a¹ of the said
top a³, and from junction castings b, and with the same affixed by screw nuts 5
or terminals ³.
The pillar lower parts are connected to the plinth, which is cast hollow or made
from wrought metal or stone, also by screwed pins 7, taking in the cast junctions b³,
passing through necked holes a, in the top of the plinth, and then secured by
nuts f. The slab or panel is secured in position by corner clips or shoes k, either 1
taking permanently into the sectional parts of the erection, or with screwed
stems, passing through holes in the top of the plinth or in the top of the
terminal and there affixed by nuts or other means.
The pillars a³, may be made from tubular metal, secured in the cast chill-
junctions b, b, or the cast junctions b, 63, may be cast separate or fitted to the 1
pillars, which may be of marble, stone or other material, with a rod screwed at its
ends, taking through the whole of the loose members, and through top of plinth,
and through top terminal respectively, and with screw nuts or heads,, drawing
and securing the whole together. The top a², may be of stone or metal, whilst the
slab
g, may be of metal or other material, and when the plinth is of stone, I may 2
have the same capped with metal to which the adjuncts for the affixing of the
sectional parts together are connected.
Figure 9 represents a grave erection constructed according to a further form of
my invention.
Figure 10 represents detail parts of the attached parts, and Figure 11 2
represents a section on the dotted lines A B, showing the structural nature of the
panels with pillars, and how the panel edges pass within the open joint of the
tubing forming the boundary framing.
a is the primary framing, consisting of upper part a³, middle part a², composed
of open jointed tubing, and base part a, which has below it, earth legs with 8
adjuncts for preserving the erect position of the erection, or preventing the same
from tilting, settling or otherwise getting out of the perpendicular, as before
described, or as hereinafter described.
The primary framing, which consists of an open jointed tubing a¹, having an
inwardly directed or inwardly disposed gap or joint a', wherein the boundary or 3
marginal edging h², of the panel h, takes. b, b' are chill castings, adapted to
connect the said panel to the outer frame, or the said panel may, if necessary,
be connected by other means such as by screws attached clips or the like.
Lower extensions of the said tubes pass through holes in the plinth a', and are
secured by nuts, or other means.
jis a vase, with the stem, taking with a socket j³, and is there secured by a nut
taking upon the end of the said stem or stalk.
The panel h, has fitted to it a marble or other slab g, secured in position by
ornamental headed pins g¹.
Figure 12 represents the lower or base part of a grave or other like erection,
also showing means of preventing the same from settling, tilting, or otherwise
changing its position.
Figure 13 is a cross section of Figure 12 upon the dotted lines CD, whilst
Figure 14 represents a perspective view. of one of the cross terminals, showing
the hole in the middle, wherethrough the lower ends of the rods, pillars or
uprights pass, with the set ribs for fixing the said cross terminals square in
position.
a, is a bollow plinth, having opposite gapped sides a³, wherein transverse or
cross terminals, take, and are there affixed in position by the lower terminal
ends a', of the pillars a³, having chill stop collars &, which take upon the top side
of the said plinth, and with the said ends,a passing downwardly through holes in

page_text: the said plinths, and through holes 7, in the cross terminals, which have set ribs P,
which form side bearers, as shown in Figure 13.
By making the lower ends of the pillars, or the rods of the bases of the
erections, pass through plinths or foundation parts, and through cross terminals or
other adjuncts disposed at a distance from each other, an extended bearing of the
said lower ends, is thereby obtained and rocking prevented.
The whole of the strung-together parts are secured in their proper relative
positions by nuts f.
The cross terminals 1, may if necessary be cast with and at the base of the
plinth, or the said cross terminals may be carried by earth legs, which may be
directed or come below the plinth.
Figure 15 is a grave erection, constructed according to a still further form of
my invention.
a is an outside and primary frame, made up of an open or close jointed tube,
with the terminations a³, of the sides a³, fitted with foundation blocks e, and with
distance sleeves d, disposed between the top sides of the foundation blocks and
underside of a supplementary bearing plate m, located and fitted within the upper
part of the hollow inside of the plinth n, and at some distance from the top n³,
thereof, whereby an extended bearing is obtained.
9 is a tablet, affixed by headed pins, nuts or their equivalents g', to a sheet
metal or other panel h, having attachedly connected to it, a cross i, which with
the border or edge of the said inside panel part h, is secured within the primary
frame a, of the erection, by embracing clips k, made either with the said panel h,
or attached to the edges of the same by pins, rivets or otherwise.
It will be seen that an intervening space is left between the inside edge of the
boundary framing, and the outside edge of the panel, and which panel rests upon
the top side of the plinth and is held rigidly in position by the clips k, as
aforesaid.
Figure 16 represents a grave erection, constructed according to a still further
form of my invention. In this arrangement, the panel is secured within the joints
of open-jointed tubings, forming the boundary edging, or outside frame of the
erection, whilst clips, carried by the said panel, constitute the holding means of the
slab.
a is a boundary framing, a³ the upper, a³ the side members, a the plinth and base
part. The border tube forming the upper part may be made separate or integral
with the side tubes a³, or the whole may be made from a single length of metal bent
into the desired shape.
When made of sectional parts, the same may be united by corner chills.
I is a panel, with the border or boundary edges taking into the open joints of
the tubes a, as represented in Figure 11.
y is a slab, secured in position on the tablet / by clips g', carried by the said tablet,
which is secured in its position, by the casting around marginal parts of it,
chills b, b, which unite both the tubes constituting the primary framing, when
made of sections, and the enclosed middle part of the erection, to the framing. The
earth legs are directed downwards through the plinth, and may have foundation
blocks, plates or slabs connected at their lower ends. Or the plinth may have
outstanding flanges, part flanges, or cross plates to form the foundation parts, as
aforesaid.
In Figure 15 the clips for connecting the parts together may be carried by the
frame, instead of by the panel.
In Figure 16,j is an attached flower container supported upon a bracket j³ and
secured in position by a nut j³.
Figure 17 represents the attached cross, Figure 16;
Figure 18 represents a clip separately.
Figure 19 represents the upper part of a grave erection, so likewise does
Figure 20, with an attached ornament or emblem i, having a bowl i", fitted with a
loose container, wheroin flowers are placed.

page_text: Figure 20 represents a horizontal grave erection constructed according to a
further form of my invention.
9 is a marble or other slab, resting upon metal plinths a', having supplementary
bearing plates m, disposed within their hollow insides n, and with vertical rods or
stems a, passing through holes in the slab g, through holes in the top of the
plinth a', through holes in the bearing plates m, and through holes in the foundation
blocks e, and with distance sleeves d, located between the topsides of the said
blocks e, and the undersides of the bearing plates m, when by screwing up the nut f
upon the extreme lower ends of the stems a, the whole is firmly and rigidly bound
together.
Figure 21 represents a grave erection, constructed according to a further form of
my invention.
a is the plinth, composed of a single casting, or made up of a series of sectional
parts, united together by flanges and bolts, pins or rivets, and o is the upper part of
the structure, consisting of sloping sides o³, made preferably from sheet metal, with
the joints covered by marginal ribs with flanges o³, and with the said upper part
capped by a top o, upon the middle part of which, a vase j, rests, and is there
.secured by an inside central stem o, connected to the underside of the said vase,
and with its lower end o', taking through a hole in the top a', of the plinth a* and
being secured, and the parts drawn up together by a nut f
Or the sectional parts composing the upper part of the erection may be tied or
united together by rods, taking through channels of corner edgings o³, and with
their ends taking through holes in the cap o, and through holes in the top a', of
the plinth a, respectively, and with the ends of the rods provided with nuts or
beads, when by the screwing up of the latter, the whole is drawn together.
Figure 22 represents a still further form of my invention.
h is a cast or other panel. g is a tablet, and which panel is connected by
ornamental or other headed pins h³, to the cross or crossing members a³, a, a²,
which are united at their junctions or crossing parts by a chill casting. The
member a has at its base a chilled junction 63, and are also fitted at their ends with
chilled castings or fitted ends.
a is the earth leg, e the foundation block, d is a distance sleeve, m is a bearing
plate, fixed within the inside n, of the base or plinth a', so that the single stem or
upright of the erection passes through a hole in the top of the base a', through the
bearer m, through the foundation blocks e, and through the sleeve a', and the whole
wrung up together by the screwing up of the nut f. Instead of nuts being employed
as the drawing up means, wedges or cottars may be employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
First-In grave erections or memorials, making up the same of a series of
fitted and sectional metal and other parts, united together, and forming a single
structure.
Secondly-In grave erections or memorials, making up the same of a series
of loose or sectional parts built up, and united together by chill or other
castings.
Thirdly:-In grave erections or memorials, making up the same of a series
of loose or sectional parts, strung together in manner that the same are wrung up
or drawn together by the screwing up of a nut or nuts, or the passing home of a
wedge or wedges.
Fourthly: In grave erections or memorials, making the same up of an outside
and primary boundary frame, from a length of tubing, or from a metal rod, bent
into the desired figure, or from a shaped metal shell, or of rod or tube sectional
parts, provided with, or united together by, chill or other castings, or, in the
case of sectional parts, uniting the same together by junctions, as set forth in
Figure 1.

page_text: Fifthly-In grave erections or memorials, providing the inside boundary
framings, or the border framings of the said erections, with frames c, for the
carrying of inscription slabs, or the like, as set forth in Figure 1 of the accom-
panying drawings.
Sixthly-In grave erections or memorials, casting the inside frames " which
preferably have a rabate for the reception of the border edge of a tablet or slab,
integral, or in one piece, with the chill or other castings of the outer frame, as set
forth in Figure 1.
Seventhly-In grave erections or memorials, providing or forming the lower
parts with foundation blocks or plates e, strung upon a rod, tubes or their
equivalents, and with the same affixed, or kept in their desired positions by the
screwing up of a nut or nuts, or by other means as set forth.
Eighthly -In grave erections or memorials, separating strung-together parts, or
loose parts, by distance sleeves or tubes, as set forth.
Ninthly-In grave erections or memorials, fitting to the said erections, loose
connected frames, slabs, vessels and attached ornaments, as set forth.
Tenthly-In grave erections or memorials, the general construction, arrangement,
combination and fitting of the parts, as described and set forth in Figure 1.
Eleventhly In grave erections or memorials, providing the same with cast
metal bases or plinths, wherethrough the connecting both of the sides or frames
pass, as set forth.
Twelfthly-In grave erections or memorials, making up the same of side, top
and bottom frame parts, connected and united together by means as set forth in
Figure 6.
Thirteenthly:-In grave erections or memorials, affixing within the frame, or
the boundary frame of the same, tablets or slabs, by clips, or by corner clips, or
shoes, attached or carried by either the outside framing or the tablet or slab, as
described and set forth in Figure 6.
Fourteenthly-In grave erections or memorials, the general construction,
arrangement, combination and fitting of the parts, as described and set forth in
Figure 6.
Fifteenthly -In grave erections or memorials, making up the boundary framing
of inside or outside open jointed tubing, or of sectional parts or lengths of open
jointed tubing, and with portions of the tablets or other parts of the structure,
taking within the joints, or between the opposed edges of the said joints, as set
forth.
Sixteenthly-In grave erections or memorials, affixing the inside disposed
tablets, slabs or parts to, and within, the boundary frames, or to, and within, the
open joints of the boundary frames, by chill castings, as set forth.
Seventeenthly-In grave erections or memorials, the general construction,
arrangement, and combination of the parts, as described and set forth in Figure 9.
Eighteenthly-In the bases of grave erections or memorials, providing the
plinths, or the bases or the foundation blocks or parts, or the earth legs, with cross
terminals, as described and set forth.
Nineteenthly-In the bases of grave erections or memorials, providing the
plinths with fitted cross terminals, taking into gaps in the sides, as set forth in
Figures 12, 13, and 14.
Twentiethly-In grave erectious or memorials, the general construction,
arrangement and combination of the parts of the same, as described and set forth
in Figure 15.
Twentyfirst:-In grave erections or memorials, the employment or use with the
foundation plinths, blocks or other bases, of bearer or bearing plates m, whereby
an extended bearing to the downwardly passing parts is obtained, as set forth.
Twentysecondly-In grave erections or memorials, the general construction
and arrangement of the parts, as described and set forth in Figure 16.
Twentythirdly-In a horizontal grave erection or memorial, constructed,
arranged and combined as set forth in Figure 20.

page_text: Twentyfourthly:-In an enclosed grave erection, providing the same with fitted
caps or terminals, as set forth in Figure 21.
Twentyfifthly-In an enclosed memorial, the general construction, arrangement
and combination of the parts, as set forth in Figure 21.
Twentysixthly:-In a single upright grave erection or memorial the construction,
arrangement and combination of the parts as described and set forth in Figure 22.
Twentyseventhly:-The employment in connection with standard bearers of grave
erections, of cast and other collars, which form bearer abutments, marked y³, and
set forth in Figure 22.
1002
CHARLES MEASON,
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.