IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS AND OIL MOTIVE POWER ENGINES
Year: 1885

page_text: otive Fower sugies.
I LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH KG V. Civil Engineer and Proprietor of the Patent
Industrial and Financial Agency, 30, Finsbury Pavement London E.C. do hereby
declare the nature of said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS AND OIL MOTIVE
POWER ENGINES" a communication to me from abroad by Gottlieb Daimler,
Gentleman of Cannstatt in the German Empire to be as follows:-
".
These improvements are applicable to gas and oil motive power engines in which
is employed the process of pressing quickly a mixture of air and gas or oil into a
closed hot chamber until the said mixture ignites itself, and the employment as
driving power of the expansion resulting from the combustion.
1
According to this invention the motion of the crank is used for effecting the
ignition.'
The 'piston connected with the crank draws in a proportionate mixture of air,
and gas, or oil which is pressed into a chamber' where it ignites at the point of
highest compression, this operates in the second revolution of the crank shaft, and
is afterwards exhausted. The action of the piston is therefore similar to that of
the so called "Otto" gas engine.
4:
944
74F
"The compression and combustion chamber is connected with the working cylinder,
but is insulated from it as much as possible, and is stirrounded with material which
is a bad conductor of heat; the working cylinder, and the piston are also protected
from great heat by a prolongation of the piston which is either cast with thin
sides, or is insulated and screwed on, and lined with non-conducting
material.
A pipe at 'the side of the compression chamber carries "the inlet and outlet valves
and an igniting cap.
0
For moving the valves a disc is keyed on to the crankshaft On the inner side
of the disc a' curved
groove is formed which passes twice round the crankshaft and
returns into itself. Into this curve takes a sliding piece which by the revolution
of the disc transmits the motions corresponding to the rising and falling of the
curved groove, to a rod which effects one opening and closing of the inlet and outlet
valves for every two revolutions of the crankshaft. By raising or lowering an
adjusting screw over the inlet valve, gas mixture is admitted during a longer or

page_text: shorter portion of the stroke of the piston, for the purpose of increasing or reducing
the amount of compression, and thereby retarding or hastening the moment of
ignition.
A tongue in the aforesaid curved groove is rigidly connected at its fulcrum with
a centrifugal regulator with which it serves as a speed regulator. This moves
when the normal speed is exceeded by the opening outwards of the pendulums of
the centrifugal regulator, whereby the sliding piece is diverted during the exhaust
by a connecting curve from the double path of the curved groove for the purpose
of closing the outlet and inlet valves so that the engine works during the regulation
with a part of the hot products of combustion, and the combustion chamber is
protected from cooling down. A second tongue turning on a centre serves as a
bridge for the sliding piece during the regulation.
The first named tongue may also be arranged alone or in connection with one
pendulum only of the centrifugal regulator and a spring and may also serve in the
above described combination as a regulating tongue, or in one circle or curve
carried only once round the crankshaft.
According to a modification of the above named regulating curved groove, the
crankshaft has secured to it a cylinder on which the curved groove is formed. This
curved groove passes twice round the crankshaft and returns into itself it moves a
cam by means of a slide pin and connection carrying two cams which are brought
under the friction rollers of the inlet and outlet valve rods once every two revolutions
of the crankshaft; the said groove also holds the outlet valve open and the inlet
valve closed during the regulation, by the connection of the regulator with a tongue,
by a short rod. The cam piece may if preferred be fixed and the rollers of the
valve rods, with or without the rods themselves may be moved by a connection
with the curved groove and the same object be thereby attained.
The inside of the firing cap is in open connection with the inlet and outlet pipe
and is heated from outside by a gas or other flame.
The rim of the flywheel is furnished with wings and is surrounded with a
casing which serves at the same time as a protecting case, and as a conduit for the
current of air generated by the flywheel and the wings on its rim, this current
of air is conducted round the working cylinder for the purpose of cooling the
Bame.
The action is as follows:-After the firing cap is heated the flywheel is turned
by hand and a mixture of air and gas or oil vapour is drawn into the cylinded
through the inlet valve. The mixture is then compressed into the compression
chamber and is ignited by the igniting cap, at the next revolution the piston
receives the action of the expanded gases, and a fresh cycle of operations follow
the exhaust. When the normal speed is reached the strength of the mixture and
the charge taken into the cylinder are so arranged that the ignition takes place at
or about the dead point.
The compression and combustion chamber becomes after a short time so hot that
the ignition takes place in it spontaneously and the heating flame at the firing cap
can then be put out of action.
The advantages of the above described improvements are greater useful effect
of the combustible material than in engines which are cooled by water, increased
simplicity, the omission of the troublesome cooling water and the apparatus
required for the use thereof, and the capability of greater speed than heretofore.

page_text: 2
I LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH K.G.V Civil Engineer and Proprietor of the Patent
Industrial and Financial Agency 30 Finsbury Pavement London EC. do hereby
declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS AND OIL MOTIVE
POWER ENGINES a communication to me from abroad by Gottlieb Daimler,
Gentleman of Cannstatt in the German Empire and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
"
.
These improvements are applicable to Gas and Oil motive power engines in
which is employed the process of pressing quickly a mixture of air and gas or oil
into a closed hot chamber until the said mixture ignites itself and the employment
as driving power of the expansion resulting from the combustion.
According to this invention the motion of the crank is used for effecting the
ignition.
The piston connected with the crank draws in a proportionate mixture of air
and gas or oil which is pressed into a chamber where it takes fire at the point of
highest compression this operates in the second revolution of the crank shaft and
afterwards exhausted. The action of the piston is therefore similar to that of the
so called "Otto" gas engine.
The compression and combustion chamber A is connected with the working
cylinder B but is insulated from it as much as possible and is surrounded with
material which is a bad conductor of heat; the working cylinder B. and the
piston C are also protected from great heat by a prolongation D of the piston,
which is either cast with thin sides or is insulated and screwed on, and lined with
non-conducting material. A pipe e at the side of the compression chamber carries
the inlet valve f, the outlet valve g and the igniting cap h Figs. 1. 2. and 3.
For moving the valves a disc J is keyed on to the crankshaft. On the inner
side of the disc is formed a curved groove k which passes twice round the crank-
shaft and returns into itself Into this curve takes a sliding piece which by the
revolution of the said disc J transmits the motions corresponding to the rising and
falling of the curved groove k to a rod m which effects one opening and closing of
the inlet and outlet valves ƒ and g for every two revolutions of the crankshaft.
The period of admission lasting from K' to K' or to K³ the dead point of the
piston and the exhaust from Kto Ķ³ as indicated in, figures 4 and 5. By raising
or lowering an adjusting screw n over the inlet valve, gas mixture is admitted.
during a longer or shorter portion of the stroke of the piston, for the purpose of
of increasing or reducing the amount of compression, and thereby retarding or
hastening the moment of ignition.
k
1.
A tongue o in the aforesaid curved groove & is rigidly connected at its fulcrum *
with a centrifugal regulator & t. . v. w. x. Figs. 2. 4 and 7. and serves in con-
junction with the latter as a speed regulator. This moves when
is exceeded by. the opening outwards of the pendulums s. and to normal speed
53
411
the centrifugal
regulator Fig. 5. whereby the sliding piece' is diverted during the exhaust by a

page_text: connecting curve p from the double path of the curved groove k for the purpose of
closing the outlet valve sooner and preventing the inlet, so that the engine works
during the regulation with a part of the hot products of combustion, and the com-
bustion chamber is protected from cooling down. A second tongue q turning on &
centre r serves as a bridge for the sliding piece 7 during the regulation.
The first named tongue o may also be arranged alone or in connection with one
pendulum t only of the centrifugal regulator and a spring 2, and may also serve in
the above described combination as a regulating tongue or pin in one circle or curve
carried only once round the crankshaft.
According to a modification of the above named regulating curved groove the
crankshaft has secured to it a cylinder 1-on which the curved groove 2 is formed.
This curved groove passes twice round the crankshaft and returns into itself, it
moves a cam piece 6, with the slide pin 3 and connection 4 which carries two
cams 7 and 8. which are brought under the friction rollers 9 and 10 of the inlet
and outlet valve rods 20 and 21 once every two revolutions of the crankshaft; the.
said groove also holds the outlet valve 11 open, and the inlet valve 12 closed, during
the regulation, by the connection of the regulator, 13. 14. 15. 16. and 17. with a
tongue 18 by the rod 19. The cam piece 6 may be fixed if preferred and the
rollers 9. 10 of the valve rods, with or without the rods 20. 21 themselves
moved by a connection with the curved groove 2. and the same object be thereby
attained.
may be
The inside of the firing cap h Fig. 2. 3 is in open connection with the outlet and
inlet pipe e and is heated from outside by a gas or other flame y.
The rim of the flywheel is furnished with wings and is surrounded with a
casing d which serves at the same time as a protecting case, and as a conduit for
the current of air generated by the flywheel and the wings on its rim, this
current of air is conducted round the working cylinder for the purpose of cooling
the same.
The action is as follows:-After the firing cap h is heated the flywheel is turned
by hand and a mixture of air and gas or oil vapour is drawn into the cylinder
through the inlet valve f The mixture is then compressed into the compression
chamber and is ignited by the igniting cap h; at the next revolution the piston
receives the action of the expanded gases, and a fresh cyclé of operations follow the
exhaust. When the normal speed is reached the strength of the mixture and the
charge taken into the cylinder are so arranged that the ignition takes place at or
about the dead point.
The compression and combustion chamber becomes after a short time so hot that
the ignition takes place in it and the heating flame at the firing cap can then be
put out of action.
The advantages of the above described improvements are greater useful effect of
the combustible material than in engines which are cooled by water, increased
simplicity the omission of the troublesome cooling water and the apparatus
required for the use thereof, and the cabability of employing greater speed than
heretofore.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is :-
1st. The curve k. in the disc J passing twice round the crank shaft and returning
into itself whereby the valves are only operated once (by means of the sliding
piece and the valve rod m) during two revolutions of the crankshaft as herein-
before described and illustrated in the drawings.
2nd. The regulation of gas motors by the apparatus consisting of pendulums s. t
Figs. 1. 2. 4. and 5 in connection with the tongues rand o which guide the sliding
piece Fig. 6 into the inner or outer curve as required as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the drawing.

page_text: 3rd. The modification shown in Fig. 8 in which a cylinder 1 is substituted for
the disc each valve rod being operated by cams 7. 8 brought under them by the
sliding piece 3 guided in a lateral direction by means of the tongues 18 controlled
by the regulator 13-17 as bereinbefore described and illustrated in the drawings.
4th. The arrangement of wings on the fly or other wheel on the crankshaft
forming in connection with a case a a centrifugal pump or blower for cooling the
cylinder as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the drawings.