A NEW IMPROVEMENT OR A NEW METHOD OF RAISING WATER BY FIRE OUT OF MINES, PITS, OR SHAFTS, BY A CYLINDER & BOYLER, & A STEEM BASON OR PAN FIXED WITHIN THE BOYLER, FOR RAIRYFYING THE STEAM, & A CAST & WROUGHT IRON CHAIN LINKED TOGETHER, USED FOR THAT PURPOSE, WITH PIPES IN THE PITS OR SHAFTS FOR THE MORE EASY CONVEYING THE WATER FROM THE BOTTOMS TO PUMPS FIXED WHILST THE SAID PITS OR SHAFTS ARE SINKING, WITHOUT BEING OBLIGED TO THE PRESENT TROUBLESOME & EXPENSIVE METHOD OF LOWERING THE WHOLE FIRE OP PUMPS, WHILST THE PITS OR SHAFTS IN WHICH THEY ARE FIXED ARE SUNK DEEPER
Year: 1755

page_text: GEORGE THE SECOND, by the grace of God, &c", to all to whom these
Presents shall come greeting.
WHEREAS GEORGE JOHN, of the Parish of Camborne, in the County of
Cornwall, Engineer, has, by his petition, humbly represented unto our Lords
Justices, Guardians of the Kingdom, that he is the sole inventor of "A NEW
IMPROVEMENT OR A NEW METHOD OF RAISING WATER BY FIRE OUT OF MINES,
PITS, OR SHAFTS, BY A CYLINDER & BOYLER, & A STEEM BASON OR PAN FIXED
WITHIN THE BOYLER, FOR RAIRYFYING THE STEAM, & A CAST & WROUGHT IRON
CHAIN LINKED TOGETHER, USED FOR THAT PURPOSE, WITH PIPES IN THE PITS OR
SHAFTS FOR THE MORE EASY CONVEYING THE WATER FROM THE BOTTOMS TO PUMPS
FIXED WHILST THE SAID PITS OR SHAFTS ARE SINKING, WITHOUT BEING OBLIGED TO
THE PRESENT TROUBLESOME & EXPENSIVE METHOD OF LOWERING THE WHOLE FIRE
OP PUMPS, WHILST THE PITS OR SHAFTS IN WHICH THEY ARE FIXED ARE SUNK
DEEPER;" which are entirely new, & quite different from the method now in
use, whereby there will be great saving in the building & working the said
engine, which said articles cannot be of any use or benefit unless worked in
conjunction one with another, and which he has with great labour, industry,
application, & at a considerable expence brought to great perfection, so as to
be of great utility and benefit to the subjects of this kingdom, as by repeated

page_text: experiments he could fully demonstrate; he therefore humbly prayed our
said Lords Justices to grant unto him, his executors, administrators, & assigns,
Letters Patent under our Great Seal of Great Britain for the sole use &
benefit of his said Invention, within that part of our Kingdom of Great
Britain called England, Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, for the term of fourteen years, according to the Statute in such case
made & provided, wee being willing to give encouragement to all arts &
inventions which may be for the publick good, are pleased to gratify him in
his request.
KNOW YEE, THEREFORE, that wee, of our especial grace, certain know-
ledge, & meer motion, have given and granted, and by these Presents, for
us, our heirs & successors, do give & grant unto the said George John, his
executors, administrators, & assigns, our especial licence, full power, sole
priviledge & authority, that he, the said George John, his executors,
administrators, & assigns, & every of them, by himself & themselves, or
by his & their deputy or deputys, servants or agents, or such others as
hc, the said George John, his executors, administrators, or assigns, shall
at any time agree with, & no others, from time to time & at all times
hereafter, during the term of years berein expressed, shall & lawfully may
make, use, exercise, & vend his said Invention within that part of our
Kingdom of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales, & Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to bim, the said John George,
his executors, administrators, & assigns, or any of them, shall in their
discretions seem meet, and that he, the said George John, his executors,
administrators, & assigns, shall and lawfully may have & enjoy the whole
profit, benefit, commodity, & advantage from time to time coming, growing,
accrewing, & arising by reason of the said Invention, for & during the term
of years herein mentioned; to have, hold, exercise, & enjoy the said licence,
powers, priviledges, & advantages herein-before granted or mentioned to be
granted, unto the said George John, his executors, administrators, & assigns,
for & during & unto the full end & term of fourteen years from the date
of these Presents next & immediately ensueing, & fully to be compleat &
ended according to the Statute in such case made & provided; and to the
end that he, the said George John, his executors, administrators, & assigns,
& every of them, may have & enjoy the full benefit, and the sole use &
exercise of the said Invention, according to our gratious intention herein-
before declared, wee do by these Presents, for us, our heirs & successors,
require & strictly command all & every person & persons, bodies politick &
corporate, & all other our subjects whatsoever, of what estate, quality, degree,

page_text: name, or condition soever they be. within that said part of our Kingdom
of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales, & Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, aforesaid, that neither they nor any of them at any time during
the continuance of the said term of fourteen years hereby granted either
directly or indirectly do make, use, or put in practice the said Invention or
any part of the same so attained unto by the said George John as aforesaid,
nor in anywise counterfeit, imitate, or resemble the same, nor shall make or
cause to be made any addition thereunto or substraction from the same,
whereby to pretend himself or themselves the inventor or inventors, devisor
or devisors thereof, without the licence, consent, or agreement of the said
George John, his executors, administrators, or assigns, in writing under his or
their hands & seals first had & obtained in that behalf, upon such pains &
penalties as can or may be justly inflicted on such offenders for their contempt
of this our royal command, & further to be answerable to the said George
John, his executors, administrators, & assigns, according to law for his &
their damages thereby occasioned. And mcreover, wee do by these Presents,
for us, our heirs & successors, will & command all & singular the justices of
the peace, mayors, sheriffs, bayliffs, constables, headboroughs, & all other
officers & ministers whatsoever of us, our heirs & successors, for the time
being, that they or any of them do not, nor shall at any time hereafter during
the said term hereby granted, in anywise molest, trouble, or hinder the said
George John, his executors, administrators, or assigns, or any of them, or his
or their deputys, servants, or agents, in or about the due & lawfull use or
exercise of the aforesaid Invention, or anything relating thereto : Provided
always, and these our Letters Patent are and shall be upon this condition,
that if at any time during the said term hereby granted it shall be made
appear to us, our heirs or successors, or any six or more of our or their Privy
Council, that this our grant is contrary to law, or prejudicial or inconvenient
to our subjects in general, or that the said Invention is not a new invention
as to the publick use & exercise thereof in that said part of our Kingdom of
Great Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales, & Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed aforesaid, or not invented and found out by the said George
John as aforesaid, then upon signification or declaration thereof, to be made
by us, our heirs or successors, under our or their signet or privy seal, or by
the Lords and others of our or their Privy Council, or any six or more of
them, under their hands, these our Letters Patent shall forthwith cease,
determine, and be utterly void to all intents and purposes, anything herein-
before contained to the contrary thereof in anywise notwithstanding: Pro-
vided also, that these our Letters Patent, or anything herein contained,

page_text: shall not extend or be construed to extend to give priviledge unto the said
George John, his executors, administrators, or assigns, or any of them, to
use or imitate any invention or work whatsoever which hath heretofore been
found out or invented by any other of our subjects whatsoever and publickly
used or exercised in that said part of our Kingdom of Great Britain called
England, our Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed aforesaid,
unto whom like Letters Patent or priviledges have been already granted for
the sole use, exercise, & benefit thereof, it being our will and pleasure that
the said George John, his executors, administrators, and assigns, and all and
every other person and persons to whom like Letters Patent or priviledges
have been already granted as aforesaid, shall distinctly use and practise their
soveral inventions by them invented and found out, according to the true intent
and meaning of the same respective Letters Patent and of these Presents:
Provided likewise, nevertheless, and these our Letters Patent are upon this
express condition, that if the said George John, his exccutors or adminis-
trators, or any person or persons which shall or may at any time or times
hereafter during the continuance of this grant, have or claim any right, title,
or interest in law or equity, of, in, or to the power, priviledge, and authority
of tho sole use and benefit of the said Invention hereby granted, shall make
any transfer or assignment or any pretended transferr or assignment of
the said liberty and priviledge, or any share or shares of the benefit or
profit thereof, or shall declare any trust thereof to or for any number of
persons exceeding the number of five, or shall open or cause to be opened
any book or books for publick subscriptions to be made by any number of
persons exceeding the number of five, in order to the raising any sum or sums
of money, under pretence of carrying on the said liberty or priviledge hereby
granted, or shall by him or themselves, or his or their agents or servants,
receive any sum or sums of money whatsoever of any number of persons ex-
cceding in the whole the number of five, for such or the like intents or pur-
poses, or shall presume to act as a corporate body, or shall divide the benefit
of the e our Letters Patent or the liberty and priviledges hereby by us granted,
into any number of shares exceeding the number of five, or shall committ
or do or procure to be committed or done any act, matter, or thing whatso-
ever during such time as such person or persons shall have any right or title
either in law or equity in or to the said premisses which will be contrary to
the true intent and meaning of a certain Act of Parliament made in the sixth
year of the reign of our late Royal Father King George the First, intituled
[An Act for the better securing certain Powers and Priviledges intended to
be granted by His Majesty by Two Charters for Assurance of Ships and Mer-

page_text: chandizes at Sea, and for lending Money upon Bottomry, and for restraining
several extravagant and unwarrantable Practices therein mentioned], or in
case the said power, priviledge, or authority shall at any time hereafter
become vested in or in trust for more than the number of five persons, or their
representatives, at any one time (reckoning executors or administrators as
and for the single person whom they represent, as to such interest as they are
or shall be intitled to in right of such their testator or intestate,) that then
and in any of the said cases these our Letters Patent, and all liberties and
advantages whatsoever hereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and
become void, anything herein-before contained to the contrary thereof in
anywise notwithstanding. Provided also, that if the said George John shall
not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of his said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under
his hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in our High Court of
Chancery within four kalendar months next and immediately after the date of
these our Letters Patent, that then these our Letters Patent, and all liberties
and advantages whatsoever hereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and
become void, anything herein-before contained to the contrary thereof in any-
wise notwithstanding. And lastly, wee do by these Presents, for us, our
heirs and successors, grant unto the said George John, his executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, that these our Letters l'atent or the inrollment or
exemplification thereof, shall be in and by all things good, firm, valid, sufficient,
and effectual in the law, according to the true intent and meaning thereof, and
shall be taken, construed, and adjudged in the most favourable and beneficial
sense for the best advantage of the said George John, bis executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, as well in all our Courts of Record as elsewhere, and by
all and singular the officers and ministers whatsoever of us, our heirs and suc-
cessors, in that part of our said Kingdom of Great Britain called England, our
Dominion of Wales, & Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed aforesaid, and amongst all
and every the subjects of us, our heirs and successors, whatsoever and where-
soever, notwithstanding the not full and certain describing the nature or
quality of the said Invention, or of the materials thereto conducing and
belonging.

page_text: advantage of his invention of A. New Improvement or Method of Raising Water
by Fire out of Mines, Pits, or Shafts, to hold to him, his executors, adminis-
trators, & assigns, within England, Wales, & Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
for the term of fourteen years, according to the Statute in such case made &
provided. And a clause is inserted obliging him by writing under his hand
& seal to cause a particular description of the nature of the said Invention to
be inrolled in His Majty' High Court of Chancery within four kalendar
months from the date of the grant hereby intended, otherwise the said grant
to be void; and all such other clauses, prohibitions, & provisoes are herein
also inserted as are usual in grants of this nature. And this Bill is prepared,
Countersigned by Claudius Amyand, Esq.
W. MURRAY.
8th Au. 1755.