IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE USED FOR DRAIN CUTTING AND SUBSOILING
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
SELLER, of Whitby, in the County of York, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-first day of January, in the eighth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Seller, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said John Seller, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said John Seller, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times during tho
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY TO BE USED FOR DRAIN
CUTTING AND SUBSOILING;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
that I, the said John Seller, shall cause a particular description of the nature
of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery, within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Seller. do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the

page_text: (that is to say)-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 is a sido elevation of the machinery; Figure 2 is a plan thereof;
Figure 3 is a back view; and Figure 4 is a front. view. In each of these
Figures the same letters of reference are used to indicate similar parts. a, a,
äre cranked handles on the axis b, by means of which motion is given to
the machinery in the following manner:-On the axis b is a bevilled toothed
wheel c, which takes into and and drives the bevilled toothed wbcel d, fixed
on the axis e. This axis has at its other end a screw, which takes into and
drives the screw wheel f, which is affixed on the axis g, on which axis the
fore wheels are fixed. Hence when the wheels h are put in motion, the
carriage will move on the surface of the land; and in order to obtain sufficient
holding of the land, the two fore wheels h put in motion the two endless chains
i, i, on which are formed projections i', ', which enter the surface of the
land, and the endless chains i, i, pass over the hind wheels j, j. On the
axis 6 is affixed another bevelled toothed wheel k, which takes into and drives
the bevelled toothed wheel l, which is fixed on the axis m, on the lower end
of which axis are fixed knives n, n, and it is by the revolving of this axis m
which causes the knives to cut away the earth, which falls to the lower part
of the trench formed by the instrument. o, o, is the framing of the machine,
the nature of which is clearly shewn the Drawing; or, in place of the arrange-
ment of rotatory cutters shewn, other arrangements may be used provided
that by their revolution they cut away the earth as the machinery is moved
forward. p, p, are two plates having a share q in front, which cuts the bottom
of the trench. is an inclined plane, proceeding to the bottom of the trench,
and ascending to the lateral trough s, by which the cut earth is thrown off
laterally as it is raised above the level of the earth, and the earth is raised
by means of the endless belt t, with plates v, v, which, coming against the
inclined plane, causes the earth to be moved up the inclined plane, and
motion is given to the belt t by means of a pulley or drum u fixed on the axis b,
such pulley u giving motion, by means of a strap w, to the axis x, on which is
affixed a wheel Y, which carries the endless belt for raising the earth as it is
cut, the wheel supporting the endless belt at the lower part of the trench,
as is shewn; or, in place of this endless belt, an inclined screw may be used
so as to raise the earth as it is cut, and deliver it at the spout; the inclined

page_text: plane in this case will be hollow, to correspond with the screw. I would
here remark that this mode of working is very common for raising grain and
malt; I do not therefore claim the use of a screw or the endless band, unless
combined with machinery" for drain cutting. By this arrangement of
machinery it will be evident that as the machine moves, the rotatory cutter
will cut the trench, and the earth will be continually raised to the surface
and thrown on one side. When it is desired that the machine should
commence work, a hole is dug to the depth of the trench, and the machinery
lowered down;. and when it is desired to transport the machinery. from one
place to another the motion is communicated to the semicircular pulleys
A, A, B, B, in the following manner. The pulleys A are fixed on the axis
C, one of them having a toothed rack D formed thereon, into which the screw
E takes, which is affixed on the axis F; hence, when the axis F is put in
motion it will cause the semicircular pulleys to descend at the back and
ascend at the fore end; and as the axis of the hind wheels is carried by the
back ends of the pulleys A, and the semicircular pulley A, A, being connected
by the chains G to the semicircular pulleys B, B, they will move together;
and as the axis of the fore wheels of the machinery is carried by the back
end of the semicircular pulleys B, the machinery will rise up above the
surface of the land, the carrying wheels remaining on the land, and thus
the machine may be drawn from one place to another, and the parts will
assume the position shewn by the red lines; but the carrying wheels will
be on the surface of the land, and not on the bottom of the trench, as shewn
by the red circles representing those wheels. When machinery of this de-
scription is to be used for subsoiling, then there will not require to have the
endless belt for raising the earth to the surface of the land, the cut portions
of the earth remaining in the trench.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the best means
I am acquainted with for performing the same, I would wish it to be under-
stood that I do not confine myself to the details herein shewn and described,
provided the peculiar character of my Invention be retained; but what I
claim is, the mode of arranging machinery herein described for drain cutting
and subsoiling.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Seller, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventeenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-five
JOHN (L.s.) SELLER.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Seventeenth day of July, in
the year of our Lord 1845, the aforesaid John Seller came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-five.