IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER CARRIAGES AND TO LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, TRACTION ENGINES, AND OTHER LIKE SELF PROPELLING MACHINES."
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Frederick Wood, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
in the County of Middlesex, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
VELOCIPEDES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO
OTHER CARRIAGES AND TO LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES, TRACTION ENGINES, AND
OTHER LIKE SELF PROPELLING MACHINES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Frederick Wood
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th September 1880.
CHARLES FREDERICK WOOD, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS
ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER CARRIAGES, AND TO LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES,
TRACTION ENGINES, AND OTHER LIKE SELF PROPELLING MACHINES."
My Invention relates chiefly to improvements in velocipedes, whereby great
strength is obtained and the steering of the velocipede is facilitated, but parts of
the Invention are also applicable to other carriages, such, for example, as bath
chairs and perambulators, and to self propelling machines, such, for example, as
locomotive engines and traction engines.
In carrying out my Invention as applied, for example, to velocipedes, I construct
the velocipede with two large wheels, between which the rider sits, the said wheels
being mounted side by side on one and the same axle, and with a small wheel
which is carried at the end of a back-bone connected with the main axle, and may
be either permanently used as one of the running wheels, or be raised out of action
and brought into action as required. The two large wheels are the driving wheels
as usual, and the driving cranks are formed on or attached to an axis supported by
an arm connected with the main axle, to which latter the motion of the cranks is
transmitted by a chain and pulleys.
I also use the two large or driving wheels as steering wheels, and an important
feature of my Invention consists in the means whereby I accomplish this result in
a practical and officient manner.

page_text: On the main axle I mount a frame carrying two lifting wheels or rollers, which
are arranged respectively in proximity to the two large wheels of the velocipede,
and are capable of being forcibly pressed to the ground, and of being raised above
the level of the ground as required. For this purpose the frame may be jointed,
and the lifting wheels or rollers may be mounted on arms capable of moving around
a centre, so that by the act of operating a lever or eccentric, or similar contrivance,
either of the lifting wheels or rollers may be forcibly pressed to the ground. When
50 operated the driving wheel corresponding to the particular lifting wheel or roller
brought into action is raised above the ground, and the propulsion continuing, the
one driving wheel simply revolves above the ground without being in intimate
contact with it, whilst the other directs the velocipede in the required curved path.
When it is again required to run in a rectilineal direction, the lifting wheel or roller
which has been in action is raised out of action, and the driving wheel which has
been elevated descends again to the ground, and both driving wheels being then
operative, the velocipede follows a right line until its course is again diverted by
rendering one of the driving wheels temporarily inoperative, and so on in succession
as often as required.
As a modification of the preceding arrangement, each of the large wheels may
be duplicated, one wheel of each set being the driving wheel, and the other wheel
the lifting wheel. The driving wheel is fast upon the axle as before; the lifting
wheel revolves freely upon an eccentric fitted upon the axle, which travels freely
within the eccentric, the latter formning the bearings in which the axle revolves.
By the act of turning the eccentric on its axis by means of a handle, the loose
wheel is forced to the ground and the fast or driving wheel is raised above. the
¯ground and vice versa.
When the arrangement of lifting wheels first described is adopted, the wheels
-may-be-placed-a-little in advance of the centre of the driving wheels so as to
_ prevent the velocipede.from tipping forward.
---
In lieu of the preceding arrangements, the driving wheels may be converted into
steering wheels in the following manner:
The large wheels are fast upon the axle which revolves in bearings, the latter
being attached to the framing by means of a jointed connection, so as to form a
centre pin, upon which the framing may swivel. On one of the bearings is
provided a rack with the teeth of which engages a pinion carried by the framing.
By the act of turning the pinion in one direction or the other the wheels are steered
to the right or left as required.
The driving pulley on the main shaft is connected thereto by a ball and socket
joint, so as to admit of the shaft swivelling whilst the pulley remains in a right
line.
I construct the large wheels with a rim or periphery, a nave, a ring intermediate
between the two, and radial wire spokes, which are arranged in the following
manner, vi. The spokes are duplicated around the wheel, as is usual in spider
wheels, but in lieu of carrying the wires direct from the end of the nave to the rim
or periphery, as heretofore, I secure the extremities of the two wires by forming
rivet heads upon them in the rim or periphery, and then cause them to diverge and
pass partially round the ring, and then crossing each other to proceed to the nave,
where their opposite ends are secured. By this means I obtain a wheel which may
be produced at a cost only slightly exceeding that of the ordinary wheels, but
possesses much greater strength than is attainable by the mode of construction
usually adopted, whilst at the same time it is more elegant in appearance than the
ordinary wheel.
The intermediate ring may be made in various ways. For example, it may be
split in two halves, which may be drawn together completely or partially by means
of screws. Or the ring may be drilled to receive the wires, the latter being passed
through the holes. The ring may be further connected to the nave, or from the

page_text: rim to the ring by means of central wires in the shape of arms, so as to maintain
the ring in its central position.
This part of my Invention is also applicable to the wheels of bath chairs,
perambulators, and other like carriages.
That part of my Invention which relates to the lifting of the driving wheels,
previously herein before described, is also applicable to locomotive engines, traction
engines, and other like self-propelling machines, a wedge or screw, or other suitable
mechanism under the control of the driver or attendant, being used for taking the
weight off one or other of the driving wheels as required, and thus facilitating the
passage of the engine or machine round sharp curves.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Frederick Wood in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 25th
March 1881.
CHARLES FREDERICK WOOD, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS
ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER CARRIAGES, AND TO LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES,
TRACTION ENGINES, AND OTHER LIKE SELF PROPELLING MACHINES."
My said Invention relates chiefly to velocipedes, whereby great strength is
obtained and the steering of the velocipede is facilitated, but parts of the Invention
aro also applicable to other carriages, such, for example, as bath chairs and
perambulators, and to self propelling machines, such, for example, as locomotive
engines and traction engines.
In carrying out my Invention, as applied, for example, to velocipedes, I construct
the velocipede with two large wheels, between which the rider sits, the said wheels
being mounted side by side on one and the same axle, and with a small trailing 1
wheel which is carried at the end of a back bone connected with the main axle.
The two large wheels are the driving wheels, as usual, and the driving cranks are
formed on or attached to an axis supported by an arm connected with the main
axle, to which latter the motion of the cranks is transmitted by a chain and pulleys.
I also use the two large or driving wheels as steering wheels, and an important
feature of iny Invention consists in the means whereby I accomplish this result in
a practical and efficient manner.
On-the-main-axle-I-mount-a-frame-carrying -two-lifting-wheels-or--rollers, which-
are arranged respectively in proximity to the two large wheels of the velocipede,
and are capable of being forcibly pressed to the ground and of being raised abovo
the level of the ground as required. When so operated, the driving wheel
corresponding to the particular lifting wheel or roller brought into action is raised
above the ground, and the propulsion continuing, the one driving wheel simply
revolves above the ground without being in intimate contact with it, whilst the
other directs the velocipede in the required curved path, the trailing wheel being
turned automatically in the required direction simultaneously with the action of
the lifting wheel. When it is again required to run in a rectilineal direction, the
lifting wheel or roller which has been in action is raised out of action, and the
driving wheel which has been elevated descends again to the ground, and both. driving
wheels being then operative the velocipede follows a right line until its course is
again diverted by rendering one of the driving wheels temporarily inoperative, and
so on in succession as often as required.
As a modification of the preceding arrangement, in lieu of two lifting wheels or
rollers I provide the machine with a lifting wheel or roller arranged centrally in
front, and which is capable of being turned to the right or left out of the line of
centre, and at the same time is forcibly pressed against the ground; the trailing
'wheel is also actuated in a similar manner and simultaneously with the action of
the front lifting wheel, whereby the driving wheel on that side towards which
the lifting wheel is turned is raised out of contact with the ground and the
machine is caused to turn sharply round in the required direction.
The construction of the driving and other wheels of the velocipede may be as
heretofore, but I prefer to construct them in the manner next hereinafter described,
which forms a special feature of my said Invention. In carrying out this part of
my said Invention, I provide the wheels with an intermediate ring situate
between the tyre and the hub, and I may arrange the wire spokes in a peculiar
manner relative therewith whereby I obtain a wheel of great strength, which may

page_text: also be employed in other machines and in carriages. That part of my Invention
which relates to the lifting of the driving wheels is also applicable to locomotive
and other engines, as hereinafter more fully described.
And in order that my said Invention may be more fully understood I will now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose shall refer to
the several Figures on the annexed Sheets of Drawings, the same letters of
reference indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
With reference to the first Sheet of the accompanying Drawings, Figure 1
represents a sectional side elevation of a tricycle constructed according to one
modification of my said Invention, the section being taken along the line x, x,
Figure 2, and Figure 2 is a plan of the same, corresponding to Figure 1.
Figure 3 represents a sectional side elevation of a tricycle constructed according
to a further modification of my said Invention, the section being taken along the
line y, y, Figure 4, and Figure 4 is a plan of the same, corresponding to Figure 3.
With reference to Figures 1 and 2 the velocipede is constructed with three
travelling wheels A, A, and B, the two wheels A, A, being of large diameter and
constituting the driving and leading wheels of the machine, whilst the small wheel B
is the trailing wheel.
The driving wheels A, A, between which the rider sits, are mounted side by side
upon the axle C, being keyed thereon; the trailing wheel B is carried at the end
of the backbone D, connected with the main axle C, and is capable of turning
within a socket 7, as heretofore. The cranks E for operating the driving wheels
are formed on an axis supported by an arm d', forming a prolongation of the
backbone D, which is itself supported upon the main axle C by the cross arms F.
The cranks are operated in the usual manner by means of the treadles and
rotation is transmitted to the axle of the driving wheel by means of pulleys e¹, e²,
and chain, the crank pulley el being supported within the fork d² of the backbone,
and the axle pulley e being keyed upon the main axle C. The saddle G, upon
which the rider sits, is supported upon the backbone and is capable of the necessary
adjustments.
The steering of the machine is effected in the following manner :-
6,
On the main axle C 1 mount a frame carrying the two lifting wheels or rollers H,
which are arranged respectively in proximity to the two large driving wheels of
the velocipede. These lifting wheels are each carried by the two forked rods h, h',
hinged or jointed together, the rods h being connected to and working upon the
extremities of the bars f, which form continuations of the cross arms F, the latter
being supported upon the axle C and working upon bearings f¹ at the side of the
driving wheels.
The forked rods h¹ are connected and jointed to the extremities of the two bell
crank levers I, which are arranged at the side of the driving wheels and work
upon fixed centres i formed upon the cross arms F, the said levers being operated
by the handle i¹. To continuations i³ of the said hand levers, forming second bell
cranks, are connected crossed rods b, b, which communicate with the lever b',
keyed upon the spindle of the fork of the small or trailing wheel B, both the lifting
wheels H and the trailing wheel B being thus operated simultaneously by the
movement of the hand lever I.
When the said lifting wheels H are in operation to effect the turning of the
machine round sharp curves the action is as follows:-Assuming that the rider
desires to turn the machine towards one side, he presses forward the lever at that
side, by which means the wheel H on the same side is forcibly pressed to the
ground, and by virtue of the rod / being pivoted to a fixed centro upon the
extremity of the extension rod f, the driving wheel on the same side is raised out
of contact with the ground, and the propulsion continuing the one driving wheel
simply revolves above the ground without being in intimate contact with it, whilst
the opposite wheel directs the machine in the required curved path. Simultaneously
with the forward movement of the hand lever I the arm of the said lever is
moved in the reverse direction, by which the trailing wheel B, by means of its

page_text: connecting rod b, is turned in the proper direction to guide the machine round the
required curve.
In traversing curves of largo radius the driving wheel acted upon is partially in
contact with the ground, but is relieved of a portion of the weight, and therefore
the same effect is produced, although in a less degree, than when the wheel is
entirely raised above the level of the ground.
When the lifting wheel is in operation, the other or opposite lifting wheel being
in communication with the trailing wheel B by its cross connecting rod b, as shewn
clearly in the plan, Figure 2, is raised to its highest position.
When the velocipede is again required to run in a rectilinear direction the lifting
wheel which has been in action is raised out of action by reversing the movement
of the hand lever, and the driving wheel which has been clevated descends again
to the ground, and both driving wheels being then operative the machine follows a
right line until its course is again diverted by rendering one of the driving wheels
temporarily inoperative, and so on in succession as often as required.
In order to keep the lifting wheels in position clear of the ground when not in
use, and especially when the rider is not holding the hand levers, the hinged framing
carrying the said lifting wheels is supported by spiral springs J. As shown in the
Drawings, the lifting wheels are arranged a little in advance of the centre of the
driving wheels, so as to prevent the machine from tipping forward. In lieu of
arranging the small wheel B in rear of the machine, as described and shewn in the
Drawings, the said wheel may be arranged in front of the machine, in which case
the lifting wheels would be arranged in rear of the driving wheels.
A further modification in the construction of velocipedes, according to my said
Invention, is illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, Sheet 1, of the accompanying
Drawings.
In this modification, in lieu of providing the machine with two lifting wheels, as
described with reference to Figures 1 and 2, a lifting wheel or roller K is employed,
which is arranged centrally in front-of-the-machine, the trailing wheel B' being in
this modification also employed as a lifting wheel. The wheel or roller K is
mounted within a fork h, the spindle of which is passed through a swivelling
arm pivotted at the end of the backbone extension rod L. The top of the
spindle is supported within a recessed portion, which may consist of two
inclined planes diverging towards a point, or may consist, as shown in the Drawings,
of a curved strip bolted to the angular portion of the rod L. A barrel pinion
is keyed upon the spindle, and engages with a toothed quadrant upon the
angular portion of the rod L, the spindle being held against the inclined piece ³
by the spiral spring ³.
To the guiding lever of the lifting wheel K is connected a rod m, which is
operated by the handle M at one side of the machine in the following manner :-
The said handle is mounted upon an extension f² of one of the cross arms F, and
has keyed at its base a pinion m¹ which engages with a rack m² formed within the
slotted portion of the rod m³, the latter being jointed to the end of a lever m'
mounted upon a fixed rocking shaft m. The other end of the said rocking shaft
at m* has mounted upon it another lever m", the extremity of which is connected
to the two rods m7, m³, the rod m³, being connected to an arm of a lever m³, the
other arm of which is connected with the rod m, through which communication is
made to the guiding lever 1 of the lifting wheel K. The rod m³ communicates
with the trailing wheel B¹ by connection with the guiding lever of that wheel,
the said wheel B being provided with similar arrangements to the lifting wheel or
roller K. I will now proceed to describe the method of operating the said wheels by
the aforesaid mechanism.
In guiding the machine the rider grasps the vertical handle M, and by means of
the pinion m¹ and rack m² partial rotation is given to the rocking shaft mo, from
which a horizontal motion is communicated to the rods m, m³, through the inter-
vening connecting rod and levers. The guiding levers of both the lifting wheel or
roller K and trailing wheel B' are thus operated, and the said wheels caused to turn

page_text: with their swivelling arms l, l, either to the right or left, but whilst the said wheels
are then turned they are also caused to be raised and depressed by the action of
the racks and barrel pinions in the following manner :-
The pinion of the two wheels during their partial rotation engaging with
the racks, the swivelling arms 1, l, are thus caused to turn upon their pivots
at 1, and the wheels are thereby brought round with the arms 1, 2, but during this
action the tops of the spindles are caused to press upon the curved guides ³, and
following their inclinations the said spindles are depressed, compressing the spiral
springs, and forcing the wheels against the ground. By virtue of the diverted
direction given to the swivelling arms l, the wheels are caused to bear upon the
ground out of the true centre, whereby the balance of the machine is lost, and
consequently upon continued pressure upon the lifting wheels, the driving wheel at
that side towards which the small wheels are directed is raised from the ground out
of action, that side of the machine being now supported and running upon the two
smaller wheels K and B', whereby the machine is caused to turn sharply round in
the required direction without the liability of the machine upsetting by the
accelerated action.
In resuming a straight course again, the rider operating the handle in the
reverse direction causes the spindles of the small wheels to retire into the hollow
portion of the curved guides ³, and thus move the arms l, l, of the said small
wheels into a line centrally between the two driving wheels, whereby the small
wheels are raised from the ground. Both of the said small wheels K. and B' may
in their normal position be raised above the ground, or the front lifting wheel or
roller only may be so raised, the hind wheel trailing on the ground. In this modi-
fication the cranks for operating the machine may, as shewn in the Drawings, be
arranged in a similar manner to that of the first modification.
An important feature of my said Invention consists in improvements in the
construction of the wheels of velocipedes, but this part of my Invention is also
applicable to the wheels of bath chairs, perambulators, and other carriages.
On Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings I have shewn various modifications
in the construction of such wheels.
Figure 5 represents a side elevation of an ordinary wire spoked or spider wheel
with my improvements applied thereto, and Figure G is a sectional end elevation
of the same; Figures 7 to 14 represent modifications and detail views of parts of
my said Invention hereinafter referred to.
With reference to Figures 5 and 6, a wheel is shewn constructed with a tyre a,
a hub a, and wire spokes a², arranged radially from the hub to the tyre and
duplicated around the wheel, the two sets of spokes diverging out from the tyre
to the widened hub a' according to the ordinary construction of ordinary spider
wheels, but the feature of my Invention consists in the employment of an inter-
mediate or strengthening ring S, which is arranged between the hub and tyre, as
shewn more particularly in Figure 5.
The ring S in this modification is formed of two halves s, 8, as shewn in Figure 6,
the said halves being held together to the outer sides of the two sets of spokes by
cross tie rods a³ arranged round the ring, which is held securely in the intermediate
position between the hub and tyre by virtue of the tapered formation of the
duplicated spokes, as illustrated in Figure 6; the two halves S, S, of the inter-
mediate ring S may be of any desired section, and in this modification they are
shewn semi-circular.
A modification in the form of the intermediate ring S and in the arrangement of
the spokes is shewn in Figure 7, in which the spokes are arranged over the outside
of the intermediate ring S, and in lieu of diverging out therefrom, as in the
preceding arrangement, the said spokes are brought down vertically from the peri-
phery or edge of the ring to the hub. The hub in this case being of decreased width,
whereby the width of the wheel is decreased, an economy of space is effected
without detracting from the strength of the wheel. The ring S in this case acts.
as a stretcher to keep the two side sets of wires apart.
•

page_text: In this modification I have shewn the two portions of the ring S as being of a
tubular section, the two tubes 8*, &*, being held securely together within the two
side sets of spokes by tie rods, as in the preceding arrangement, and as shown
more particularly in the detail view, Figure 10, and in which the two tubes 8*, s*,
are shewn drawn to an enlarged scale.
A further modification in the construction of wheels is shewn in Figures 8 and 9,
in which I further strengthen the wheels by the addition of short auxiliary
wires or spokes a²*.
The said wires, preferably duplicated, are secured by rivet heads to the ring S,
and are brought down crossing cach other to the hub, into which they are screwed,
as shown in Figure 9, whereby additional strength is obtained and the intermediate
ring S is maintained in its central position.
In this modification I prefer to construct the rings S in the manner shown,
more particularly in the enlarged view, Figure 11, in which the said ring is of a
flat section with two hollow ribs 8', 8¹, which form recesses for the heads of the
auxiliary wires a*, and at the same time add stiffness to the ring. As in the
preceding arrangement, Figure 7, the outer spokes a³ of the wheel are brought
down vertically, or approximately so, from the edge of the intermediate ring to
the hub, but in the form of intermediate ring shewn in this modification the
spokes a are preferably passed through holes in the edge of the periphery of the
ring, as shown more particularly in Figure 11, whereby the whole is held together
securely. It is desirable to provide holes or apertures & around the periphery of
this form of intermediate ring to prevent the light from the lamp being obstructed,
and at the same time to lighten the ring.
In all cases when broad intermediate rings are employed it is preferred to
construct them with such openings.
Figure 12 illustrates a portion of an intermediate ring of a flat tubular section,
and in which the auxilliary wires a²* are arranged centrally-from-the-periphery-of-
-the-ring-to-the-hub, as shewn in dotted lines.
In lieu of arranging-the-wires a from the ring to the hub the said wires may
be arranged from the tyre of the wheel to the ring, either duplicated and crossed,
as in Figure 9, or single and arranged centrally, as shown in Figure 12, the said
wires being secured to the ring by forming rivet heads upon them and screwing
the opposite ends into the felloes of the wheel.
The spokes a of the wheel in this case are passed through holes at the edge
of the periphery of the intermediate ring, and are brought vertically down towards
the hub, as in the preceding arrangement.
Figure 13 illustrates a portion of an intermediate ring of C section, and having
the auxiliary wires a²*.
In this modification the spokes a are shown as diverging from the tyre of the
wheel, and being brought down vertically from the edge of the ring S towards the
hub, as in Figure 7.
Figure 14 illustrates a portion of a fint intermediate ring or hoop, in which the
spokes are passed through the edge of the periphery of the said ring, and are
brought down vertically towards the hub, the said spokes being in this modification
passed through the edge of the periphery of the intermediate ring, and secured
thereto by lock nuts, as shown. Apertures & are shown formed round the ring for
the purposes herein before described.
Figure 14 is a plan drawn to an enlarged scale of the ring made of a corrugated
contour so as to form direct stretches from wire to wire. Figure 14b is a similar
view of a modification of this arrangement, in which separate stretchers S to
maintain the spokes apart are substituted for the ring, whereby a similar effect is
obtained.
In lieu of securing the spokes to the ring by lock nuts the said spokes may rest
within slots & formed in the edge of the ring, as shewn, and the crossed auxiliary
wires may be secured to the spokes instead of to the ring.
By the hereinbefore described means I obtain a wheel which may be produced

page_text: at a cost only slightly exceeding that of the ordinary wheels, but possesses much
greater strength than is attainable by the mode of construction usually adopted,
whilst at the same time it is more clegant by reason of its narrowness than the
ordinary wheel.
With reference to that part of my said Invention which relates to improvements
in the steering of velocipedes, as hereinbefore described, I would observo that I
may apply the said improvements to locomotive and traction engines, and other
self propelling machines, whereby the said machines are enabled to pass round
sharp curves with facility.
As an example of an application of this part of my said Invention I have shown
in Figure 15, of Sheet 2 of the accompanying Drawings, a locomotive with the
said improvements applied thereto.
According to the side towards which the engine is required to turn, the driving
wheel P on that side is relieved from weight by drawing in a wedge between
the top of the framing R and the spring T by means of a rod q operated by a
lever upon the foot plate, the same being worked by the driver by hand or by
suitable mechanism. The weight is thus taken off the driving wheel and thrown
upon the framing, and consequently upon the front and trailing wheel; the driving
wheel on the side towards which the engine is required to turn being thus rendered
inoperative, the engine is caused to turn round in the required direction with
facility. In lieu of a wedge for relieving the driving wheel a screw or other
equivalent may be employed, which may be actuated by steam or by other
means.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original,
and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part
recited Letters Patent is,-
First. Effecting the guiding of velocipedes around curves by means of the
driving wheels, by the employment of lifting wheels or rollers, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated on Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings.
Second. In the construction of the wheels of velocipedos, bath chairs, peram-
bulators, or other similar carriages, the employment of an intermediate or
strengthening ring, or its equivalent, as herein set forth, between the hub and tyre,
substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and illustrated in
Figures 5 to 145, of Sheet, 2 of the accompanying Drawings.
Third. In a locomotive engine, traction engine, or other self propelling machine,
relieving one or other of the driving wheels of the weight of the engine or machine
for the purpose of facilitating the passage round curves, substantially as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Frederick Wood, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, this Twenty fourth day of March,
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
CHARLES FREDERICK WOOD. (L.S.)