IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING, GRINDING, PULVERIZING, AND REDUCING MINERAL AND OTHER MATERIALS " SUBSTANCES OR PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Edmund Shill, of Lockington House, Ondine
Road, East Dulwich, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CRUSHING, GRINDING,
PULVERIZING, AND REDUCING MINERAL AND OTHER
MATERIALS
"
SUBSTANCES
OR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Edmund Shill at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th January 1882.
RICHARD EDMUND SHILL of Lockington House, Ondine Road East Dulwich in
the County of Surrey Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR CRUSHING, GRINDING, PULVERIZING AND REDUCING MINERAL AND OTHER
SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS."
My Invention relates to machinery or apparatus for crushing, grinding, pul-
verizing, and reducing hard mineral and other substances such as ganister, cement,
gold quartz, coprolites, phosphates flint, brick, fire-clay, zinc, copper, lead and other
ores materials or substances.
And my Invention consists in the combination and arrangement of the mechanism
hereinafter described whereby the substance or material under treatment is fed into
the machine by means of an endless screw conveyer which receives its motion
direct from the main driving shaft without the aid of gearing and is then operated
upon by a plain or serrated roller or rollers of metal or other suitable material each
mounted on one end of a lever the reverse end of which is acted upon with a
regulated force by a spring the reaction of which tends to force the periphery of
the roller against the interior of a revolving disc and thereby greatly increase its
crushing or pulverizing power in addition to that due to centrifugal force. The
levers which carry the several rollers are arranged so as to work through bosses
cast on the main revolving disc as they are acted upon by the pressure of the
material under treatment and by the reaction of the springs from which is derived
the main crushing or pulverizing power of the rollers. For this reason it is not

page_text: necessary to drive the machine or mill at so great a speed as is required when the
crushing or pulverizing power of the rollers depends on centrifugal force alone.
The said main revolving disc is driven by a pulley on the main shaft and there
is a second disc which is driven independently and so as to cause a differential
motion of or between the two discs either in opposite directions or in the same
direction or with the second disc stationary. Within this second disc or drum the
rollers work, and the two discs form together the chamber or enclosure in which
the material is operated upon. The two discs being driven with a differential
motion as stated will keep the material under operation in continual motion and
throw it to all parts of the rollers' path so as to meet the action of the rollers in all
parts of their course. These two discs are adjusted so that their faces may be
exactly so far apart as may be required in order to form a measure of the fineness
or degree to which the material is reduced before it leaves the machine or mill.
There are also apertures in one of the discs to allow the material to escape after
being ground or pulverized. The faces of the discs are adjusted as required by
means of a screw working in the outer end of the main shaft which is caused to
act as required on a cottar or plate working in a slot formed in the shaft the
movement of the cottar pushing forward a loose collar the face of which works
against a fixed collar on the sleeve of the main revolving disc which arrangement
gives the amount of resistanco required and regulates the degree of fineness to
which the material under operation is reduced. The said cottar may be arranged
if preferred with nut and screw end for effecting the same purpose, or a pair of
check nuts on the outside of the shaft may be used. By releasing and withdrawing
the cottar, the loose collar is free to slide back on the shaft, when the machine at
once becomes disconnected, and the internal parts can be inspected and renewed if
required.
By means of the said arrangement of the main shaft and other parts, the faces of
the discs will remain true owing to the manner in which they revolve. The machine
or mill as described can be employed-to-operate-on-various materials and in some
cases in conjunction with a stream of water passed through it fluid or semi-fluid
substances can be produced by it. .

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Richard Edmund Shill in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th July 1882.
RICHARD EDMUND SHILL of Lockington House Ondine Road East Dulwich in
the County of Surrey Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
FOR CRUSHING GRINDING PULVERIZING AND REDUCING MINERAL AND OTHER
SUBSTANCES OR MATERIALS."
My Invention relates to machinery or apparatus for crushing, grinding, pul-
verizing and reducing hard mineral and other substances, such as ganister, cement,
gold quartz, coprolites, phosphates, flint, brick, fireclay, zinc, copper, lead and other
ores materials or substances. And my Invention consists in the combination and
arrangement of the mechanism hereinafter described whereby the substance or
material under treatment is fed into the machine by means of an endless screw
conveyer which receives its motion direct from the main driving shaft without the
aid of gearing and is then operated upon by a plain or serrated roller or rollers of
metal or other suitable material each mounted on one end of a lever the reverso
end of which is acted upon with a regulated forco by a spring the reaction of
which tends to force the periphery of the roller against the interior of a revolving
disc and thereby greatly increase its crushing or pulverizing power in addition to
that due to centrifugal force.
The levers which carry the several rollers are arranged so as to work through
bosses cast on the main revolving disc as they are acted upon by the pressure of
the material under treatment, and by the reaction of the springs from which is
derived the main crushing or pulverizing power of the rollers. For this reason
it is not necessary to drive the machine or mill at so great a speed as is required
when the crushing or pulverizing power of the rollers depends on centrifugal force
alone. The said main revolving disc is driven by a pulley on the main shaft und
there is a second disc which is driven independently and so as to cause a differential
motion of or between the two discs, either in opposite directions or in the saine
direction, or with the second disc stationary. Within this second disc or drum the
rollers work and the two discs form together the chamber or enclosure in which
the material is operated upon. The two discs being driven with a differential
motion as stated will keep the material under operation in continual motion and
throw it to all parts of the rollers' path so as to meet the action of the rollers in
all parts of their course. These two discs are adjusted so that their faces may be
exactly so far apart as may be required in order to form a measure of the fineness
or degree to which the material is reduced before it leaves the machine or mill.
There are also apertures in one of the discs to allow the material to escape after
being ground or pulverized. The faces of the discs are adjusted as required by
means of a screw working in the outer end of the main shaft which is caused to
act as required on a cottar or plate working in a slot formed in the shaft the
movement of the cottar pushing forward a loose collar the face of which works
against a fixed collar on the sleeve of the main revolving disc, which arrangement
gives the amount of resistance required and regulates the degree of fineness to
which the material under operation is reduced. The said cottar may be arranged
if preferred with nut and screw end for effecting the same purpose or a pair of
check nuts on the outside of the shaft may be used. By releasing and with-
drawing the cottar the loose collar is free to slide back on the shaft when the
machine at once becomes disconnected and the internal parts can be inspected and
renewed if required.
By means of the said arrangement of the main shaft and other parts the faces of

page_text: the discs will remain true owing to the manner in which they revolve. The machine
or mill as described can be employed to operate on various materials and in some
cases in conjunction with a stream of water passed through it fluid or semifluid
substances can be produced by it.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention I will proceed to describe 5
more particularly in what manner the same is to be performed by the aid of the
accompanying Drawings, in which are represented the parts of apparatus above
referred to.
Fig: 1 is a longitudinal elevation partly in section and
Fig: 2 is an end view also partly in section showing the main working parts of
the machine. A A are the base plato and standards of the machine B is the main
driving shaft to which is directly connected the endless screw conveyer C which
thereby receives its motion from the shaft without the aid of gearing and which
can be readily withdrawn by unbolting the plate c at the end of the machine.
D is the main revolving disc which is driven by the pulley E, and F is the
second disc which is driven independently and at a slower speed so as to cause a
differential motion of or between the two discs whereby the material under operation
which is contained in the chamber formed by the interiors of the two discs is kept
in continual motion.
]
]
2
GG are the crushing or pulverizing rollers each mounted on one end of a lever H
having its fulcrum at h the other end of the lever being connected to the spring I
adjustable as to its tension by the screw J by which means the roller will be forced
against the interior of the revolving disc F and caused to act with a crushing and
pulverizing effect on the material contained between the outer surface of the roller 2
and the interior of the disc.
-
The levers H are mounted as shewn so that their pins may pass through bosses
cast on the main revolving disc D and admit of the levers working in the bosses as
they are acted upon respectively by the pressure of the material under operation
and by the reaction of the springs 1, I, from which the rollers G G derive their 3
main crushing and pulverizing force. J J are apertures formed in the disc F in
order to allow the material to escape from the machine after being ground or
pulverized. K is a screw working in the outer end of the main shaft B, which is
caused to act as required on the cottar L working in a slot formed in the shaft
the movement of the cottar L pushing forward a loose collar M the face of which
works against a collar N, fixed on the sleeve O of the main revolving disc D. By
the above arrangement the two discs D and F can be readily adjusted to the exact
position required in order to form a measure of the fineness or degree to which the
inaterial is reduced before it leaves the machine or mill. By releasing and with-
drawing the cottar L the loose collar M is free to slide back on the shaft B thereby
causing the machine to become disconnected when the internal parts can be
inspected and renewed if required. P is a shield or cover formed on the outside of
the disc F in order to prevent the escape of dust or powder during operation of the
machine.
From the foregoing description it will be readily understood, that on material
being fed into the machine through the hopper, it will be carried forward by means
of the screw conveyer C and introduced into the central part of the disc F, where
it will be operated upon by the crushing and pulverizing rollers G acting in the
manner described on the portions of the material contained between the outer
surface of the rollers and the internal surface of the disc F with a force due to the
action of the springs I through the levers H which operation will be continued
until the material under treatment has been reduced to the degree of fineness
regulated by the adjustment of the discs.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and in what manner

page_text: the same is to be performed I hereby declare that what I claim as of my
Invention is:
First-The combination and arrangement of the parts forming a machine wherein
materials or substances can be crushed, ground, pulverized, and reduced to any
required degree of fineness, in the manner substantially as described.
Secondly-The adjustment of the faces of the revolving discs D and F by means
of the screw K and cottar L applied to the shaft B or by other equivalent means
substantially as described.
Thirdly The use of crushing and reducing rollers carried on levers with
springs applied so as to increase the effective action of the rollers substantially as
described.
Fourthly The mode of driving the screw conveyer C direct from the main
shaft with the means of withdrawing the same when required substantially as
described.
And Lastly-The main revolving disc D on the shaft B constructed and arranged
so as to form part of the main structure of the machine substantially as represented
and described.
In witness whereof I the said Richard Edmund Shill have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Twenty ninth day of July in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
Witness
W. H. SPENCE
8, Quality Court
Chancery Lane.
R. E. SHILL. (L.S.)