IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Cunliffe Lister, of Bradford, in the
County of York, Manufacturer, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS
IN LOOMS."
Sealed the 23rd January 1872, and dated the 21st August 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 21st August 1871,
I, SAMUEL CUNLIFFE LISTER, of Bradford, in the County of York,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN Looms," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in looms.
As looms are now constructed the spindle upon which the picker
works has to be lubricated with oil, and the oil from the spindle is
constantly carried into the cloth, and often causes serious damage. My
improvement consists in fixing to the picker a metal tube, bush, or
box, in which I place any antifriction metal, such as metaline or other
substance which requires no lubrication. When oil is used I place in

page_text: the tube or bush a small portion of cotton or other fibrous material, but
by preference a lubricating wad similar to what is now used in spinning
frames to lubricate the spindles. Sometimes I use two bushes with
wads, one that gives out the oil, the other that acts as a wiper to remove
any excess.
In weaving pile fabrics face to face I employ two shuttles. These
shuttles are carried halfway across the shed by mechanical arms or
carriers, and are then delivered to other carriers which enter the shed
from the opposite side of the loom. The carriers are hollow tubes placed
(in proper bearings) one above the other in line with the two sheds, and
are made bell mouthed, so that the shuttles may enter from one to the
other with greater facility. There are two carriers on each side of the
loom, and they enter the shed simultaneously from opposite sides and
meet halfway. At the point of contact a pusher, which works inside
each of the hollow arms and is acted on by a cam or other means,
pushes the shuttles into the mouths of the opposite tubes, where they
are retained by springs, and then as the mechanical arms return into
position again aro carried to the opposite side of the shed from which
they entered.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 21st February 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
CUNLIFFE LASTER, of Bradford, in the County of York, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister, Her special
license that I, the said Samuel Ounliffe Lister, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, a

page_text: excrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN Looms," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Samuel Cunliffe Lister, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in looms.
As looms are now constructed the spindle upon which the picker
works has to be lubricated with oil, and the oil from the spindle is
constantly carried into the cloth and often causes serious damage.
My improvement consists in fixing to the picker a metal tube, bush,
or box, in which I place any antifriction metal, such as metaline or
other substance, which requires no lubrication. When oil is used I
place in the tube or bush a small portion of cotton or other fibrous
material, but by preference a lubricating wad similar to what is now
used in spinning frames to lubricate the spindles. Sometimes I use
two bushes with wads, one that gives out the oil, the other that acts
as a wiper to remove any excess.
Figure 1 shews a vertical section, and Figure 2 a plan view of a
picker thus provided with two bushes each containing a wad. In
these Figures a is an ordinary picker head of buffalo hide, 6 is a metal
tube passing through it, and formed at each end with a boss or enlarge-
ment 6', having a screw thread cut upon its exterior; c, c, are caps
screwing on to the same; d, d, are wads or bushes, by preference of
cotton or wool; these wads fit closely to the interior of the caps c; e is
a portion of the rod or spindle upon which the picker works; oil may be
supplied to the wad or bush at one end of the picker by the hole f,
whilst the wad or bush at the opposite end of the picker acts as a
wiper to remove any excess of oil from the rod or spinille. As before

page_text: stated metaline or other antifriction metal or substance which does
not require to be lubricated may be fitted within the caps c.
What I claim as regards this part of my Invention is, the constructing
pickers with a bush or bushes containing antifriction metal or material,
.or (when oil is used) containing a wad of cotton or wool or other suitable
porous material.
In weaving pile fabrics face to face I employ two shuttles. These
shuttles are carried half way across the shed by mechanical arms or
carriers, and are then delivered to other carriers which enter the shed
from the opposite side of the loom. The carriers are hollow tubes :
placed (in proper bearings) one above the other in line with the two
sheds, and are made bell mouthed, so that tho shuttles may enter from
one to the other with greater facility. There are two carriers on cach
side of the loom, and they enter the shed simultaneously from opposite
sides and meet half way. At the point of contact a pusher, which 1
works inside each of the hollow arms and is acted on by a cam or
other means, pushes the shuttles into the mouths of the opposite tubes,
where they are retained by springs, and then as the mechanical arms.
return into position again are carried to the opposite side of the shed
from which they entered.
This part of my Invention will be more fully understood by reference
to Figures 3, 4, and 5 of the Drawings annexed. Figure 3 shows
a vertical section of the front side of a loom constructed with
apparatus such as above described for passing two shuttles from one
side of the shed to the opposite side in looms for weaving double pile!
fabrics face to face. Figure 4 is a plan view of some of the parts shewn
in Figure 3, and Figure 5 shows on a larger scale the interior of one
of the shuttle boxes. The same letters of reference are used in each
of the Figures for marking the same parts.
A are the driving pulleys on the shaft B, this gives motion to the
shaft C, which by means of bevil wheels drives the shaft D; on the
shaft D are two double cams E, cach of which gives motion, as shown,
to a sliding bar F; one of these bars is at its end connected with a
picking stick G on one side of the loom, whilst the other bar is similarly
connected with another picking stick G on the opposite side of the loom.
The picking sticks G at their upper end are connected by arms J, J,
to the tubular shuttle carriers M; these carriers are capable of being
slid to-and-fro in the fixed box L. When the shuttles P, P, are to be

page_text: passed across the shed the shuttle carriers M are by means of the picker
sticks.G+ moved towards one another from the two opposite sides of the
loom into the position shewn by the red lines in Figure 8, the picking-
sticks H (which are actuated by the rollers I coming against the levers
O) then strike against arms N standing out from the pushers K; these
pushers slide within the carriers M, and when struck by the picking
sticks H they throw the shuttles into the other carriers which have
_entered the shed from the opposite side of the loom, and the shuttles
are retained, in these carriers by the springs V, V, (see Figure 5) and
are by them carried to the opposite side of the loom from which they
started, both sets of carriers being at this time-drawn back out of the
shed. The pushers K when not acted on by the picking sticks H
are drawn back by springs, as shown at Figure 5.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, I would remark that I do not confine myself
to the precise details above described; but what I claim as regards
this part of my Invention is, the combined arrangement substantially
as above described for passing shuttles from one side of the shed to the
other.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Cunliffe Lister, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
two.