Improvements in Sliding Pivoted Window-sashes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 21st Dec., 1896-Accepted, 20th Mar., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sliding Pivoted Window-sashes.
I WILLIAM JOHNSON of Scalloway Shetland Builder do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to self balancing reversable window-sashes and my object
is to balance the one against the other and also to turn them, the outside inwards
to be cleaned and to do this in such a way that it may be applied to the existing
plan of windows-and even to existing windows (as many of these are made to slide
but not hung). To carry out this object the sashes are hung the one against the
other with galvanized steel wire or the like which is fixed to the lower cornors
of the upper sash, comes over suitable pulleys and is brought down the lower sash
and is fixed half-way or at the bottom of some. A slight rebate is made in the
sashes where necessary for the pulleys and wires. The pulleys are almost as thin
as the wire except at the centers and are fixed to a plate which is fixed to the
frame. The deviding rods are cut for these plates which are formed so that they
hold the ends of the rods.
To reverse the sashes or turn them outside inwards.-Two mettle bars which
make between them the whole length of the sash stile and made to work at the
middle of the sash--(one double bar at each side)-as by a hinge with a pin or
pivot on the one and a hole or socket in the other. These bars are sunk in edge-
wise between the sash stile and a double stile-which slides in the frame. The ends.
of the bars extend past each other to the extent of the joint. The upper one
may be called the "pivot bar" and the lower the "socket bar." The upper bar is
sunk into the sash stile, but fixed on the double stile. The lower bar is fixed on the
sash, but sunk into the double-stile. This arrangement keeps the joint between the
stiles weather tight. Half the thickness of the pivot and socket project past
the outside face of the sash, so that the centre of the pivot comes in a line with
the said outside face of the sash. The rest of the bars are flush with the sash and
are fixed in between the stiles when the sash is open or at the horizontal
possition.
The sashes are held in the slidding possition by catches at the top cornors.
Those on the upper sash may be liberated by a cord.
These pivot bars suit equally well for an opening part of a standing sash.
Dated this 18th day of March 1896.
I WILLIAM JOHNSON of Scalloway, Shetland, Builder, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to self-balancing reversible window-sashes and my object
is to balance the one against the other and also to turn them the outside
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page_text: inwards to be cleaned and to do this in such a manner that it may be applied
to the ordinary description of windows and even to existing windows. To carry
out this object the sashes are hung the one against the other with suitable
metallic cord of the description generally known as galvanized steel wire, or other
like thin, strong, and supple material may be used. A cord or wire is attached to
each of the lower corners of the upper sash or the lower ends of the double styles, -
when the sashes are to be reversible and, passing over suitable pulleys is fixed to
the lower sash either half way down or at the bottom of same. Small rebates are
made in the sashes where necessary for the cords and pulleys. The pulleys are
almost as thin as the wire except at the centres and are fixed to plates which
are sunk in flush and fixed to the frames. The dividing rods are notched for the
pulley plates, which are formed at the ends to hold the rods; and the pulley plates
may have also a guard over the pulley to prevent the cord coming off. In making
the sashes reversible, so that the outside of the window may be cleaned from
within a room, I provide the sash styles with a jointed metallic bar, which I call a
pivot bar, and an extra style piece, which I call a double style, and which slides up
and down in the ordinary side frames of the window. To make the joints of the
styles weather-tight, the two parts of the pivot bar above mentioned are fitted in
the following manner:-The upper half of the pivot bar is preferably recessed
into the sash style, and fixed to the double siyle; the lower half is correspondingly
recessed into the double style, but fixed to the sash style. It will be seen that by
this arrangement, the sash can swing round and can also slide up and down.
The sashes are held in the sliding position by suitable catches of any simple
form and preferably made to shut or close automatically. A cord may be used to
release the catches.
In order that my invention may be fully understood and ascertained, I append
drawings, in which :-
Fig. 1 shews an inside elevation of a window, the upper sash of which is shown
reversed.
Fig. 2 shews a vertical section of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shews an elevation of the form of pulley used.
Fig. 4 shews a vertical section of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 shews one half of one of the pivot bars, which are attached one to the
sash style, and the other to the double style.
Fig. 6 shews the catch fixed on the front bead or meeting rail of the lower sash,
the sectioned part G shewing the latching bar.
Fig. 7 shews a plan of the top of the upper sash rail shewing the latching bar
and liberating cord.
Fig. 8 shews a modification of the jointed pivot bars for the sash and double
styles; these bars may, if preferred, be extended with wood.
Fig. 9 is a vertical section of part of a sash and window frame shewing the
weather bars and double style.
Fig. 10 is a horizontal section on the line - of Fig. 9.,
Fig. 11 shews the catch on the upper half D of the pivot-bar, and the latch for
engagement therewith mounted in the top rail of the upper sash C.
The metallic cords A, A, which, as before described, are fixed by their ends to
the lower corners of the double styles, are led over pulleys B, B, which are screwed
and recessed into the ordinary framework of the window. The backplates of the
pulleys are provided with a guard b' to keep the cord in place on the pulley
wheel 62, and a space 63 is left in the upper and lower sides, so that the backplate
will fit round the dividing rail and hold same in place between the sashes C, C
The cords A A are then continued down alongside of, and attached to the styles C³
of the lower sash C' in any suitable way. This arrangement ensures the balancing
of the upper and lower sashes, C, C
With reference now to reversing the sashes for cleaning the glass or for like
purposes, I provide and fix on either side of the sash styles C, the upper half D of
the pivot bar which extends about half way down and is recessed into the sash

page_text: style C and provided at its end with a pivot pin which engages with a socket
formed in the corresponding lower half 'D' which is recessed into the double
style C and extends down over the remaining portion of the style C. To make
the pivot bars, so that the joint is weathertight they are fitted in the way
hereinbefore described.
To keep the upper sash in the sliding position, the upper end of bar D is
provided with a simple catch E such as that shewn in Fig. 5. To engage with
this catch the latch E' shewn in Fig. 11-is employed, which is pivotted at E' and
is suitably mounted at the top of the upper sash C2, so that when the catch is
engaged, the sash cannot turn about its pivot. The latch E' is released by a
cord e or other simple device, when it is desired to reverse the window.
The lower sash may be fitted with any form of similar catch when it is desired
to reverse same, but usually the lower sash will not require to be thus fitted; it
may be cleaned partly from above and partly from below. As shewn in Fig. 1
any simple form of catch may be placed at F, which may be used when the catch
described above is not employed. This may consist of any form of loose fastening
such as a button or its equivalent, which can also be fixed at the top of the double
styles to hold the upper sash in the sliding position.
To keep the sash in its reversed position, and referring to Figs. 6 and 7, G is
a latching bar which is attached to a cord 1 for liberating the latching bar G
by an end movement from engagement with the catch H fixed on the side frame.
This fastening may be used at the top of the upper sash, in place of the catch E
above described..
J, J, are guide staples for the bar G.
To prevent the fastenings and liberating cords, from getting out of order, the
upper sash should preferably be pulled down when opening the window, and
the lower sash pulled down when shutting same.
Each of the two parts D D' of the pivot are not made the same, but must
be rights and lefts to form a pair. When strength is required the part of the
socket bar D' working around the corresponding pivot pin, may be made thicker.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1.) In an improved window, the self-balancing of one or more pairs of sashes,
the one against the other, substantially as shewn and described.
(2.) In an improved window, the reversible sashes and weathertight joints for
same, substantially as shewn and described.
(3.) In an improved window, the metallic cords or wires attached to the upper
sash, and from thence being conducted over suitable pulleys, and the other end
of said cord or wire being attached to the lower sash, the whole constituting
a pair of self-balanced window sashes, constructed and operating substantially as
described.
(4.) The balancing of the sashes the one against the other with thin, strong,
and supple, metallic cord, or the like, and the thin pulleys adopted for same, with
the wire guard, and rod holds on the pulley plates.
(5.) The form of the pivot-bars and the manner in which they are sunk in
between the styles so as to form weather-bars.
(6.) The latch-bar on the top of upper sash rail, and the manner it works in
the groove with the ridge under the attaching staples, or screws, and the manner
the upper sash is held on top of lower sash when reversed, thus giving ventilation
at the top while preventing the wind blowing directly in, and also preventing the
window being further opened from without.
Dated this 17th day of December 1896
WILLIAM JOHNSON.