An Improved Machine-tool, Chiefly Designed for Turning
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1888
An Improved Machine-tool, Chiefly Designed for Turning
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co. Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
:―
This invention relates to machine-tools of that kind or class adapted for truing up
locomotive crank-pins.
In locomotives with coupled axles as hitherto constructed, that is to say, having
wheels on the said axles coupled between themselves by means of crank-pins inserted
in the hubs or arms of the said wheels it is desirable that the said wheels should be
coupled or connected together by inelastic connecting or coupling rods so that tho said
wheels may revolve simultaneously without resistance other than that due to friction.
In order to attain this result all the cranks of each side of a locomotive must have
the same radius and the angles formed between the lines of radius of the cranks on
one side of the locomotive and the lines of radius of the cranks on the opposite sido
of the locomotive must be equal in all the wheels. This angle is usually one of
90 degrees or a quarter of the circle.
In the continuous working of locomotives with 4, 6, 8, 10 or more coupled wheels,
the crank-pins, by running mostly in one direction, that is forward, are worn almost
altogether on one side and moreover the wear is not equal in all the pins, the main or
centre pins being subject to considerably greater wear than the end ones, thus
destroying the equality of the angles between the cranks on one side of the locomotive
and those on the other side, and also affecting the radius. Moreover the crank pins
are worn oval. These defects cause greater resistance in the working parts of the
locomotive to movement, breaking of the coupling rods, breaking of the crank pins,
heating of the coupling rod brasses, and also very disagreeable knocking in the
working parts, as the said parts owing to the above mentioned defects have to be
fitted very loosely upon the crank pins.

page_text: The main object of this invention is to provide means or apparatus whereby the
crank pins in the wheels of locomotives can be turned in their places and the above
mentioned defects, thus obviated.
According to the said invention the locomotive wheels can either be left in position
under the locomotive, or the axles with the two wheels fixed upon them removed to
some convenient position where power for driving the machine-tool can be obtained.
Or a separate motor can be employed, which may be connected directly to the said
apparatus or machine tool, in place of power transmitted by belt gearing.
;
The said invention is conveniently and advantageously carried into practice in the
following manner, that is to say a convenient bracket made of any suitable metal
is provided, having two surfaces planed truly at an angle of 90 degrees one to the
other one of these surfaces is bolted to the hub or face of a locomotive wheel, which
forms a suitable base to fix upon, on the other planed surface is fitted a head stock
having a sliding movement longitudinally upon the said bracket; this head stock is
actuated by a screw which is inserted in a suitable hollow or aperture provided in the
bracket thus the headstock is completely under control. In this headstock is fitted
a revolving hollow spindle or sleeve of sufficient internal diameter to take in the
largest crank pin in use on locomotives, on one end of this hollow spindle or sleeve is
fixed a worm wheel engaging with a worin attached to or formed on a small spindle
supported in suitable bearings in the said head stock and having on its outer end a
fast and loose pulley for driving by power as well as a square end for a handle for
driving by hand. On the opposite end of the hollow spindle or sleeve, that is, the end
next to the locomotive wheel, and cast in one with the said hollow spindle or sleeve
are one or more tool holders or pockets in one of which a steel cutting tool can be
inserted for turning or adjusting the crank pin. The object of providing more than
one pocket or tool holder is to have a spare one in case of accident.
In order to render the above apparatus equally applicable for locomotives baving
various radii of cranks, a suitable centre is fixed in a movable plate inserted in a
corresponding aperture provided in the bracket and adapted to slide in or out upon
the line of radius, this centre can be placed in position before fixing the main bracket
upon the wheel the radius of the cranks having first to be ascertained.
To adjust the apparatus in position and to find the original centre of the crank pin
the head or collar of the crank pin which will not be worn is taken as a basis and the
bracket is moved in any direction until a position corresponding to the centre of the
unworn collar or head of the crank pin is found, the main bracket is then fastened
tight by a suitable number of bolts passing between the arms of the locomotive
wheel.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows, first one or more cuts are taken by a
roughing tool then by inserting a spring tool the crank pin is finished off and no
further filing or polishing is required.
The above described apparatus or machine tool can be made self acting by means of
a suitable pin carrying a hook inserted in the worm wheel; to the said hook is
attached a chain or cord passing over a suitable sheave or pulley provided above. The
other extremity of this chain or cord is attached to the handle of a ratchet provided
at the extremity of the feeding screw in the main bracket, and taking the place of the
ordinary handle.
Sometimes the tool holder or tool holders are provided each with two screw pins to
hold the cutting tool in position but these are not absolutely tight as a screw pin
bearing upon the end of the cutting tool is provided under the control of the attendant
so that the depth of the cut can be regulated.
·ות
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Crank-pins of Locomotives.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to machine-tools for turning or "truing up" locomotive and
other crank-pins, and is chiefly designed to provide means whereby this operation
may be effected in the case of a locomotive crank-pin without the necessity for
withdrawing the said pin from the crank or removing the wheels and axle from
beneath the locomotive.
In locomotives with coupled axles, that is to say having the wheels on two or more
of the axles coupled by means of connecting or coupling rods fitting upon crank-pins
inserted in the hubs or arms of the said wheels, it is desirable that the said con-
necting, or coupling rods should be inelastic and should fit the crank-pins without
much play thereon so that the wheels may revolve simultaneously without resistance
other than that due to friction.
In order to attain this result all the cranks on each side of a locomotive must
have the same radius, and the angles formed between the lines of radius of the
cranks on one side of the locomotive and the lines of radius of the cranks on the
opposite side of the locomotive must be equal. These angles are usually right
angles.
In the continuous working of locomotives with four or more coupled wheels, the
crank-pins, by running mostly in one direction, that is to say, forward, become worn
almost entirely on one side; moreover the wear is not equal in all the pins, the pins
of the main or centre cranks being subject to considerably greater wear than those of
the end cranks. The equality of the angles between the cranks on one side of the
locomotive and those on the other side thereof is thus destroyed and the radii of the
cranks are rendered unequal. Moreover the crank-pins are worn oval. These defects
cause greater resistance to the working of the locomotive, heating of the coupling rod
brasses, and consequently frequent breakages of the coupling rods and of the crank-
pins, and also very disagreeable thumping or knocking in the working thereof, as the
said rods, by reason of the above-mentioned defects, have to be fitted very loosely
upon the crank-pins.
The main object of this invention is to provide improved means whereby the
crank-pins in the wheels of locomotives can be turned or trued up in their places and
the above-mentioned defects thus obviated or greatly diminished.
In turning or truing up locomotive crank-pins according to my said invention, the
locomotive wheels are either left in position under the locomotive, or the axles with
the two wheels fixed upon them are removed to some convenient position where power

page_text: for driving the machine-tool can be obtained. A separate motor is sometimes
employed, which is connected directly to the said machine-tool. Or power is trans-
mitted to the said machine-tool by belt-gearing or rope-gearing.
In the accompanying drawing I have shown how my said invention can be
conveniently and advantageously carried into practice.
Figure 1 is a front elevation, partly in vertical section, of my improved machine-
tool, part of the worm-wheel hereinafter described being removed.
Figure 2 is a plan of the said machine-tool, partly in horizontal section.
Figure 3 is a section on the line a, a, Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a front elevation of the ratchet and handle hereinafter described.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawing.
A is a bracket provided with two surfaces a, a, planed truly at an angle of
90 degrees to each other. The surface a is to be placed in contact with the hub or
face of the locomotive or other wheel, which forms a convenient base for supporting
the bracket A, and to which the said bracket is firmly secured by means of bolts
passing through elongated slots a³ provided for the purpose in the bracket A. On the
other planed surface a is placed the headstock B which is provided with V-shaped
parts and has a sliding movement longitudinally between the correspondingly
shaped portions 61, 62. The part 62 is secured to the bracket A by means of bolts (3
passing through elongated slots in the said part 62. Setting-up screws are,
moreover, provided for adjusting the part 62 to compensate for any wear that may
take place. The required reciprocating movement of the headstock B is obtained by
means of a screw c working in a nut c attached to the underside of the said head-
stock B, a suitable recess d being provided in the bracket A for the said screw. The
headstock B is thus completely under control. In the said headstock B is fitted a
revolving hollow spindle or sleeve e of sufficient internal diameter to admit the largest
crank-pin which it is desired to turn or true up. On one end of this hollow spindle
or sleeve e is fixed a worm-wheel f, which is geared with a worm g fixed or formed on
a spindle supported in bearings i, in the headstock B; the said spindle has on its
outer extremity a fast pulley for driving the machine by power and a loose pulley j',
and it is provided with a square end to receive a crank-handle for turning the
machine by hand if desired. On the opposite end of the hollow spindle or sleeve e
(that is, on the end next to the locomotive-wheel) and firmly attached to, or cast in one
piece with the said hollow spindle or sleeve e are one or more tool-holders.or
pockets m, in one of which a steel cutting tool n is inserted for turning or truing
up the crank-pin. The object of providing more than one pocket or tool-holder is to
have a spare one in case of accident. Each of the said tool-holders or pockets m is
provided with two adjusting screws m¹ for holding the tool n in position, also with a
screw m² adjustable by hand for regulating the depth of the cut.
In order to render the above described machine-tool applicable for locomotives
having cranks of different radii, a suitable centre o is secured to the part a of the
bracket A, by means of the nut o', and is adapted to slide in or out upon the line of
radius in the slot q. The radius of the crank having been ascertained, this centre o
can be adjusted to the required position before securing the main bracket A to the
wheel of the locomotive.
To adjust the machine-tool in position and to find the original centre of the crank-
pin, the head or collar of the crank-pin, which does not usually become worn, is
taken as a basis and the bracket A is moved in any required direction until its position
corresponds to the centre of the unworn collar or head of the crank-pin; the said
bracket A is then fastened firmly by the bolts a², which are passed between the arms
or spokes of the locomotive-wheel and through the slots a³ in the part a of the said
bracket.
The above described machine-tool can be made self-acting as follows, that is to say,
a suitable pin is fixed in the worm-wheelf and is provided with a hook s to which is
attached a chain or cord t passing over a sheave or pulley u fixed in any convenient
manner above the said hook s. The other extremity of this chain or cord 't is attached
to another hook v (Figures 2 and 4) or is connected in any other convenient manner

page_text: to the handle or lever w of a ratchet &¹ fixed on the extremity of the feeding screw c
in place of the aforesaid crank-handle for actuating the said headstock B by hand as
herein before described. The handle or lever w of the ratchet & is, moreover, provided
with a counterbalance weight y which causes the said handle w to fall when
the chain or cord t is slackened during one half of each revolution of the worm-
wheel f
In using the machine-tool above described, one or more cuts are first taken off the
crank-pin to be turned or trued up, by means of a roughing tool inserted in one of
the said tool-holders or pockets m in the hollow spindle or sleeve e.
crank-pin is then finished off with a spring tool, and no further filing or polishing is
required.
The
Although I have hereinbefore described my said invention more particularly for
turning or truing up locomotive crank-pins, it is obvious that it can also be adapted
for turning or trucing up crank-pins or the like upon other engines or machines
in their places.
It is, moreover, evident that I can somewhat modify the
construction of my machine-tool without departing from the nature of my said
invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me
by my foreign Correspondent, I wish it understood that I claim :-
First. In a machine-tool for the purposes above specified, a hollow spindle or sleeve
provided with one or more tool-holders or pockets, and means for rotating the said
spindle or sleeve upon or about its axis and feeding or moving it longitudinally,
substantially as set forth.
Second. The combination of a headstock supported and movable longitudinally upon
a bracket, a hollow spindle or sleeve fitted to rotate in the said headstock and having
one or more tool-holders or pockets, means for rotating the said spindle or sleeve and
means for feeding or moving the said headstock longitudinally, substantially as, and
for the purpose, set forth.
Third. The combination, with the bracket which supports the headstock, of
the movable or adjustable centre, substantially as, and for the purpose, described.
Fourth. The combination, with the headstock, the hollow spindle or sleeve and the
worm-wheel fixed thercon and actuated by the worm, of the feed-screw and means
for automatically operating the same, substantially as, and for the purpose, set
forth.
Fifth. The improved machine-tool consisting of the parts constructed and combined
substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawing and operating
as, and for the purpose, above specified.
Dated this 3rd day of Santambor 1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.