Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd July, 1886.
Complete Left, 26th Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 1st Mar., 1887.
RESERVE
I ROBERT APPLEGARTH of Mansion House Chambers, Queen Victoria Street,
City of London, Electrical Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention
to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to manufacture carbon electrodes, as vessels or cells
with the inner surface or wall corrugated, ribbed, wavy, indented or otherwise
irregularly shaped to increase the surface exposed to the acid or exciting medium
which the vessel or cell is to contain. The exterior of the vessel or cell may be
similarly shaped to maintain an equable thickness of carbon at all parts or the exterior
may be plain.
The upper end or some other part has a metal band or its equivalent secured in, on,
or to it either in the moulding previous to baking, drying or forming the vessel or cell
into "Biscuit or after such preparation.
"
The vessel or cell is coated by dipping it into some non conducting fluid such as
paraffin, wax, rosin or other agent that will protect the carbon, or the protecting agent
may be painted on or otherwise applied and the dipping or painting may be repeated
with the same or different ingredients or compounds. In some cases tar may be mixed
with paraffin or other agent or be used alone.
The carbon may be gas carbon, pitch residuum, or that derived from burning tar,
burning sugar or other suitable material and either of these alone or admixed can be
brought into a paste with an adhesive or other body and be moulded to the desired
shape.
The paste may have a proportionate quantity of manganese rich in oxygen admixed
with it.
The ton of the vessel or cell carries the metal electrode.
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said R. Applegarth.

page_text: งว
Improvements in the Manufacture of Carbon Electrodes.
I ROBERT APPLEGARTH of Mansion House Chambers, Queen Victoria Street, city
of London, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is, to manufacture carbon electrodes, as vessels or cells
with the inner surface or wall corrugated, wavy, ribbed, indented or otherwise
irregularly shaped to increase the surface exposed to the acid or exciting medium
which the vessel or cell is to contain. The exterior of the vessel, or cell may be
similarly shaped to maintain an equable thickness of carbon at all parts or the exterior
may be plain.
The upper end or some other part has a metal band or its equivalent secured in, on,
or to, it either in the moulding previous to baking, drying or forming the vessel or cell
into "Biscuit," or after such preparation.
The carbon may be gas carbon, pitch residium, or that derived from burning tar,
burning sugar, or other suitable material and either of these alone or admixed can be
brought into a paste with an adhesive or other body and be moulded to the desired
shape.
The paste may have a proportionate quantity of manganese rich in oxygen admixed
with it.
The top of the vessel or cell carries the metal electrode.
The way in which I carry this invention into effect will be understood by reference
to the annexed drawings in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of a corrugated or
wavy carbon
a, the corrugations or undulations being on both sides, but they may be
on the inner side only, and Figure 2 a perspective view of a carbon a fluted on the
insido to form ribs b, b. The upper end has a metal band e to which is fixed the
binding screw d.
Figure 3 shows a cell or battery irregularly shaped as if screw threaded inside and
encased in a waterproof insulating material e.
f is the cover to which is fixed the zinc g and its binding screw 7. Figure 4
represents a sectional view of a carbon electrode with indentations on the inside, said
indentations being formed by sectional moulds as more particularly seen in the plan
view Figure 5. This mould is composed of four pieces i, jk, 1; m being a central
wedge piece, which when withdrawn enables the mould pieces to be removed, the two
sections i, j being first released by sliding towards the centre, to free the two other
pieces k,
The vessel or cell is coated by dipping it into some nonconducting fluid such as
paraffine wax, rosin, or other agent that will protect the carbon or the protecting agent

page_text: may be painted or otherwise applied and the dipping or painting may-be repeated
with the same or with different ingredients or compounds.
In some cases, tar may be mixed with paraffine or other agent or be used alone.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is.
The manufacture of carbon electrodes with corrugations, undulations indentations
or other irregularities on the inside, to obtain increase of surface exposed to the acid or
exciting medium, as hereinbefore described with reference to the annexed drawings.
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said R. Applegarth.
H. GARDNER,
166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said R. Applegarth.