IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION OBTAINED
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Warren, of Ledbury, in the County of
Hereford, Engineer and Agricultural Implement Maker, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION OBTAINED
Sealed the 25th September 1862, and dated the 2nd April 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Warren at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd April 1862.
I, SAMUEL WARREN, of Ledbury, in the County of Hereford, Engineer and
Agricultural Implement Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION OBTAINED
BY ANIMAL POWER TO AGRICULTURAL AND OTHER MACHINES," to be as follows :-
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in con-
structing and arranging the parts of what is commonly called a horse power or
horse gear, that is to say, machinery for transmitting motion obtained by
animal power to agricultural and other machines.
For convenience of description I will describe my Invention as worked by
horse-power, but my said Invention may be worked by other animal power..
The lever or draught pole to which the horse is connected is situated hori-

page_text: zontally, one end of the said pole being fixed on a vertical cast-iron hollow
pillar. The said pillar revolves upon a solid wrought-iron spindle situated in
its interior, the said wrought-iron spindle being firmly bolted at bottom to a
cast-iron sole plate, which forms the base of the horse power or horse gear.
On the bottom of the said revolving vertical hollow pillar a large bevilled
toothed wheel is fixed, which takes into and engages with a bevilled pinion
fixed on a horizontal shaft, which said shaft is situated below the level of the
ground. The motion is transmitted from the last-named horizontal shaft in
the manner herein-after explained. The said sole plate has vertical cylindrical
sides, and constitutes a box or casing in which the before-mentioned bevilled
toothed wheel and pinion work. The said casing is provided with a circular
cover for the purpose of closing or covering the casing, and protecting the
bevilled toothed wheel and pinion. In the said cover a recess is made over
the bevilled pinion with which the bevilled toothed wheel engages, in which
said recess a small pressing roller works, by which said roller the large
bevilled toothed wheel is kept securely in gear with the bevilled pinion. The
covering or top plate is bolted to the casing or sole plate by three or more
bolts. The foundation on which the sole plate is supported consists of a cross
of cast iron, which may either be cast on the under side of the said sole plate,
or be cast separately, and connected to the sole plate by rivets. The said :
foundation or cross consists of four cast-iron plates situated in vertical planes,
and at right angles to one another, this foundation or cross is firmly embedded
in the earth or ground. The vertical spindle is provided with a brass flanged
collar at its bottom, and a brass cap at its top. "The said collar and cap con-
stitute the bearings upon which the hollow pillar carrying the bevilled toothed
wheel works. The said brass cap also forms a covering for the top end of
the wrought-iron spindle, and prevents the entrance of dirt or wet into the
bearing. The large bevilled toothed wheel may be made to engage with a
second bevilled pinion at right angles to the former for the purpose of giving
motion to a horizontal shaft at right angles to the shaft of the first described s
pinion. The rotatory motion of the shaft carrying the bevilled pinion is trans-
mitted by means of a coupling bar to a shaft in a close box or case for inter-
mediate motion, the said coupling bar being connected with the shafts by
universal joints. The said close box or case for intermediate motion consists
of an iron case or box carrying two horizontal shafts, one situated in the same 3
line as and immediately over the other. Motion is communicated to the
lower shaft by the coupling bar. herein-before described. Conical pulleys are
keyed upon the two shafts in the close box or case, the said conical pulleys
having two or more different speeds upon them, so that by changing the band

page_text: passing over the two pulleys from one to another of the speeds, motions of
different velocities may be taken from the same driving power as is well
understood. The bearings of the upper shaft are capable of sliding in slots
in the sides of the case or box. By means of rods connected at their lower ends
with the said bearings, and having screw nuts on their upper ends projecting
through the top of the box or case, the upper shaft may be raised so as to
tighten the band upon the pulleys. This may be effected without stopping the
machine. The close case or box has a door on one side, by which access can
be readily gained to the pulleys in the interior, each end of the upper shaft
projects outside the case, and is provided with conical pulleys, from which
motion of the required speed may be conveyed by means of a band to the
agricultural or other machine to be worked.
The draught pole to which the horse is attached for working the horse power
or horse gear may be made of two wrought-iron plates combined together by
means of distant pieces firmly rivetted between the said plates, the said draught
pole is preserved in its horizontal position by means of an oblique stay bar,
connected at one end to the under side of the said pole, and at its other end
near the bottom of the hollow rotating pillar. One, two, or more draught
poles may be fixed to the rotating pillar in order to connect one, two, or more
horses to the horse power or gear.
Although I prefer to use draught poles of the construction described, yet
draught poles of any other construction mer be amuloved
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Warren in the Great Seal Patent Office, on
the 30th September 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, SAMUEL
WARREN, of Ledbury, in the County of Hereford, Engineer and Agricultural
Implement Maker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Samuel Warren, Her special licence that I, the said Samuel
Warren, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Samuel Warren, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-

page_text: after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR TRANSMITTING MOTION OBTAINED BY ANIMAL POWER TO
AGRICULTURAL AND OTHER MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Samuel Warren, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Samuel Warren, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described and illus-
trated in the accompanying Drawings, in constructing and arranging the parts
of what is commonly called a horse power or horse gear, that is to say,
machinery for transmitting motion obtained by animal power to agricultural
and other machines.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents in plan a horse power
or horse gear, the parts of which are constructed and arranged according to
my Invention; Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same; and Figure 3 is a
longitudinal vertical section of the same, taken through the line a, b, of
Figure 1. The other Figures represent detached portions of the same as 2
herein-after explained.
For convenience of description I will describe my Invention as worked by
horse power; but my said Invention may be worked by other animal power.
The horse power or gear represented in the Drawings is arranged for four
horses, and is constructed as follows. The same letters are employed to 3
indicate the same parts in the several Figures.
The lever or draught pole c to which the horse is connected is secured on &
vertical cast-iron hollow pillar d by means of a cap or socket piece e, to which
pillar d the said cap or socket piece e is fixed. The said lever or draught
pole c may be made of two wrought-iron plates, combined together by means 3
of distant pieces f firmly rivetted between the said plates, as represented in the
Drawings; or, the said pole may be made of a thin piece of timber to the
upper and lower sides of which wrought-iron plates are situated, the wood and
metal of which the pole is composed being secured together by bolts or pins.

page_text: The draught pole is preserved in its horizontal position by means of an oblique
stay bar g, connected at one end to the under side of the pole c, and at the
other end to brackets, near the bottom of the hollow pillar d. To the outer
end of the pole c a wrought-iron whipple tree h is connected, by which the
horse is attached to the said pole. The cap or socket piece e which connects
the draught pole to the hollow pillar d has four arms upon it, as represented,
to each of which a draught pole may be connected by means of screws and
nuts. In the Drawings two draught poles only are represented connected to
the cap e.
Figures 4, 5, and 6, represent other caps or socket pieces, which may be
used in place of the cap or socket piece e, when one, two, or three horses are
required to actuate the horse power or gear. Although I prefer to use draught
poles of the construction described, yet draught poles of any other construction
may be employed. The vertical hollow pillar d revolves upon a solid wrought-
iron spindle i (see Figure 3) situated in its interior, the said solid spindle being
firmly bolted at bottom to a cast or wrought-iron sole plate or casing k, which
forms the base of the horse power or gear. On the bottom of the revolving
hollow pillar d a large bevilled toothed wheel l is fixed, which takes into and
engages with a bevilled pinion m fixed on a horizontal shaft n, which said
shaft is situated below the level of the ground. The motion is transmitted
from the shaft n in the manner herein-after explained. The sole plate or
casing has vertical cylindrical sides, and constitutes a box in which the
toothed wheel and pinion m work. The said sole plate or casing has a circular
cover o, for the purpose of closing or covering the casing and protecting the
bevilled toothed wheel and pinion. The said cover o is bolted to the sole plate
by means of three or more bolts p. In the said cover o a recess q is made
over the pinion m, in which said recess a small pressing roller r works, by
which said roller the large bevilled toothed wheel is kept securely in gear
with the bevilled pinion m. The foundation on which the sole plate or casing
k is supported consists of a cross of cast iron marked s, s, which either be
cast on the under side of the said sole plate or be cast separately and connected
to the sole plate by bolts. The said foundation 8, s, consists of four cast-iron
plates, situated in vertical planes and at right angles to one another, as will be
understood by reference to the plan of the said foundation represented in
Figure 7. The said foundation 8, 8, of the sole plate k is firmly embedded in
the earth or ground. The vertical solid spindle i is provided with a collar t at
its bottom and a brass cap u at its top. The said collar and cap are shown
separately in plan and section in Figures 8 and 9. The said collar t and cap u
constitute the bearings upon which the hollow pillar d carrying the bevilled
may

page_text: toothed wheel works. The said cap u also forms a covering for the top end
of the wrought-iron spindle i, and prevents the entrance of dirt or wet into the
bearings. The bevilled toothed wheel 1 may be made to engage with a second
bevilled pinion at right angles to the pinion m, for the purpose of giving motion
to a horizontal shaft at right angles to the shaft of the said pinion m. This
second pinion can be worked simultaneously with the first or separately. The
rotatory motion of the shaft n carrying the pinion m is transmitted by means
of a coupling bar v, shaft w, and coupling bar a, to the shaft y, for interme-
diate motion. The said shaft y has a large toothed wheel z upon it, and gears
with a smaller toothed wheel 3 above it. The said wheels z and 3 work in a
closed box or case 2. By means of the toothed wheels z and 3 increased speed
is obtained from the bevilled pinion m. On either end of the axis of the said
smaller toothed wheel 3, pulleys 4, 5, of different diameters are fixed, from
which pulleys different speeds can be conveyed by means of a band to the agri-
cultural or other machine to be worked. By placing below the ground the
sole plate or casing k containing the wheel 7 and pinion m, as well as the parts
by which the motion of the said wheel and pinion is transmitted, the horses or
other animals working the machine have no coupling bar or obstruction to
step or stumble over as in machines of the ordinary construction.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit
myself to the precise details herein-before described and illustrated in the
Drawings, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of
my Invention; but I claim as my Invention,-
Firstly, the improvements herein-before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings, in the construction of the levers or draught poles of
machinery for transmitting motion obtained by animal power to agricultural
and other machines.
Secondly, the improvements herein-before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings, in the sole plates or casings and in the foundation S
plates of machinery for transmitting motion obtained by animal power to agri-
cultural and other machines.
Thirdly, the general arrangement or combination of parts herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, for transmitting the
motion of levers or draught poles worked by animal power to an underground 3
shaft, the said underground shaft being employed to drive agricultural and
other machines.
Fourthly, covering or casing the toothed wheels by which the intermediate
motion is obtained in machinery for transmitting motion obtained by animal

page_text: power to agricultural and other machines, as herein-before described and illus-
trated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Warren, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
GEO. H. PIPER,
Solicitor,
Ledbury.
SAMUEL WARREN. (L.8.)