IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING GAS TO HEAT APPARATUS CONTAINING FLUIDS, AND IN HEATING AND VENTILATING BUILDINGS, ALSO IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS FITTINGS AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE PASSAGE OF GAS
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, NATHAN
DEFRIES, of Grafton Street, Fitzroy Square, Civil Engineer, and GEORGE
BROOKS PETTIT, of Brook Street, New Road, in the County of Middlesex,
Gas Fitter, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifth day of March,
One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, in the twelfth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Nathan Defries and George Brooks Pettit, our exors, adñors, and
assigns, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
we, the said Nathan Defries and George Brooks Pettit, our exors, adiñors,
and assigns, and such others as we, the said Nathan Defries and George
Brooks Pettit, our exors, adññiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, our Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING GAS TO HEAT APPARATUS CONTAINING
FLUIDS, AND IN HEATING AND VENTILATING BUILDINGS, ALSO IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS FITTINGS AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE PASSAGE OF GAS;" in. which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that we, the said Nathan Defries

page_text: to heat such water tubes by means of gas pipes below them, such gas pipes
being perforated with numerous small holes, so that the numerous flames of
gas therefrom may heat the water in the tubes above; but other arrangements
for burning the gas may be employed as well as other arrangements of tubes,
pipes, or vessels (whose capacity shall be small as compared with the extent
of heating surface) may be resorted to for carrying out this part of our
Invention.
Another part of our Invention for heating the water of a bath by gas is
shewn at Figures 1 and 2 in the Drawing, such Figures respectively shewing
a longitudinal and a transverse section of a bath, arranged according to this
part of our Invention. The object of this part of our Invention is to obtain
a.more extended surface than the area of the bottom of the the bath would
offer, and yet not materially to encrease the quantity of water to be heated.
For this purpose the bottom of the bath is formed of an undulating character.
It is preferred to.be of the form shewn; but in place of angular undulations
rounding undulations may be employed. a, a, shews the undulating bottom
of the bath. 6 is a false bottom which is perforated, and has formed below
it a series of undulating surfaces to enter into those of the bottom a, and thus
to cause the water spaces to be very narrow, by which the water space will
be small in its contents as compared with the extent of heating surface. c, c,
are a series of gas pipes perforated with numerous holes, so as to produce nume-
rous jets of gas, as before explained; but in place of this arrangement other
apparatus may be employed for applying the heat of gas to the bottoni of a
bath formed into an undulating form, as before explained.
I will now describe the second part of our Invention, the object of which
is to obtain the heat of gas, not only for ventilating buildings, but also at the
same time for heating fluids. For this purpose, where gas lights are used,
tubes or pipes or passages are to be employed to carry away the heat from
the room or place in which the light is obtained, up which pipes the heated
currents will flow freely, and by having openings in such rising pipes air from
the apartments or rooms through which such pipes may pass will flow, and
thus ventilate such places; but this is not claimed separately, this part of the
Invention consisting of surrounding such pipes or passages so heated with
gas with water, or it might be with other fluid, by applying external pipes or
vessels surrounding those up which the heated products flow, by which the
surrounding liquid will become heated, and may be drawn off at any part for
use; or the same, where the quantity of gas employed is considerable, may be
so arranged as to cause the water so heated to circulate in pipes or tubes
suitably arranged, as is well understood, for circulating water, in order to heat

page_text: rooms or apartments; and in making and applying such outer pipes or vessels
for containing fluid, where it is desired that the air of the rooms should be
induced to flow away, suitable passages into the interior tube or passage are
to be formed, as before mentioned. And in cases where it is desired that the
whole heat of the fluid should be delivered into one locality, and that the heat
should not be given off to any room or apartment through which the pipes or
passages may be necessarily conducted, then the exterior surfaces are to be
clothed with felt or other nonconducting material, as is well understood.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that we do
not confine ourselves to the details herein given. But what we claim is,--
First, the means herein described for applying gas to heat water in
baths. And,
Secondly, we claim the means of heating fluids by the ventilating pipes or
passages used for conducting off the heated products from gas.
In witness whereof, I, the said Nathan Defries, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.

page_text: In the Matter of a Patent granted to Nathan Defries, of Grafton
Street, Fitzroy Square, Civil Engineer, and George Brooks Pettit,
of Brook Street, New Road, in the County of Middlesex, Gas
Fitter, for their Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING GAS TO
HEAT APPARATUS CONTAINING FLUIDS, AND IN HEATING AND VENTILATING
BUILDINGS, ALSO IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS FITTINGS AND APPARATUS FOR
CONTROLLING THE PASSAGE OF GAS," bearing date at Westminster,
the Fifth day of March, One thousand eight hundred and forty-
nine,
DISCLAIMER proposed to be entered by the said Nathan Defries with
the Clerk of the Patents of England, pursuant to an Act passed in the
fifth and sixth years of the reign of His late Majesty King Williamı
the Fourth, intituled "An Act to amend the Law touching Letters
Patent for Inventions."
I, the said Nathan Defries, do declare, that since the said Letters Patent
have been obtained I have not been able to mature that part of the Invention
which was intended to have been described under that part of the title which
s contained in the following words :-" Also improvements in gas fittings and
apparatus for controlling the passage of gas," for which reason I, on behalf of
myself and the said George Brooks Pettit, am desirous to and do hereby
lisclaim all that part of the title contained in the following words:" Also
mprovements in gas fittings and apparatus for controlling the passage of gas."
In witness whereof, I, the said Nathan Defries, on behalf of myself
and the said George Brooks Pettit, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Fifth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-nine.
To the Clerk of the Patents of England.
This is to certify, that Nathan Defries, of Grafton Street, Fitzroy Square,
Civil Engineer, has applied to me for leave to enter with you the above-written
Disclaimer of a certain Invention for which Letters Patent were granted to
him under the Great Seal, bearing date the 5th day of March, 1849. And
having considered the said application, and no objection having been made to
the same, I have accordingly granted leavo to the said Nathan Defries to file

page_text: his said Disclaimer, pursuant to the Statute passed in the 5th & 6th years of
the reign of His late Majesty King William the 4th, entitled An Act to
amend the Laws touching Letters Patent for Invention.
JOHN JERVIS.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fifth day of September, in the
year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid Nathan Defries came before our said Lady
the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of
the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Fifth day of September, in the year of our Lord One thou-
sand eight hundred and forty-nine.