IMPROVEMENTS IN PANELS PLATES AND NAMEPLATES OF ALL KINDS OF METAL OR COMPOUND METALS AND THE METHOD OF PRODUCING AND FILLING UP LETTERS, FIGURES AZD DECLANG TAT апат nr m AND TOE MANUFACTURE THEREOF.
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Carl Leonhard Herman Lammers of 3 Roseworth
Terrace Gosforth Northumberland for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
PANELS PLATES AND NAMEPLATES OF ALL KINDS OF METAL OR COMPOUND
METALS AND THE METHOD OF PRODUCING AND FILLING UP LETTERS, FIGURES
AZD
DECLANG TAT апат nr m AND TOE MANUFACTURE THEREOF.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Carl Leonhard Herman
Lammers at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th December
1882.
CARL LEONHARD HERMAN LAMMERS, of 3 Roseworth Terrace, Gosforth,
Northumberland, "IMPROVEMENTS IN PANELS, PLATES, AND NAMEPLATES OF ALL
KINDS OF METAL OR COMPOUND METALS AND THE METHOD OF PRODUCING
SUCH PLATES AND THE
AND FILLING UP LETTERS, FIGURES AND DESIGNS IN
MANUFACTURE THEREOF.
My Invention relates to means of producing in all kinds of metal plates, letters,
figures and designs, and the filling up of such letters figures and designs with a
more durable and harder substance than hitherto used.
To this end I take a metal plate, on which I stamp out or perforate letters
figures and designs, bend up the edges of the plate all round, lay the front of the
plate on a flat and smooth surface or table, press molten glass or similar material
on the back, so that the stamped out or perforated letters, figures and designs are all
filled up with the molten glass or similar material till arrested on the flat surface
of the table, when it becames level with the front surface of the plates.
I leave the glass or similar material of suitable thickness and square with the
bent up edge of the plate. I also have holes or screws to fasten the plate or taps
and nuts fixed on the plate. The glass or similar material being level with the
front surface of the plate as before described is easily polished, giving both the

page_text: metal and glass a polished surface. The plates may be made of all sizes and for
all purposes, requiring a polished surface of combined metal and glass or similar
material in different colours, for purposes such as panels, nameplates, mantle pieces
.doors and other objects.
The advantages of this invention are that the sun or exposure to heat or daily
cleaning will not injure the letters figures and designs glass or similar hard
substance forms the body of the letters figures and designs and goes right thro the
plate that the metal can be very thin to allow gold and silver being used, as the
glass or similar substance supports and strengthens the plate, and that the letters
figures and designs are stamped out requiring no skilled labour such as engraving
and cutting and are of nominal cost.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Carl Leonhard Herman Lammers in the Great Seal Patent Office.
on the 7th June 1883.
CARL LEONHARD HERMAN LAMMERS, of 3 Roseworth Terrace, Gosforth,
Northumberland "IMPROVEMENTS IN PANELS, PLATES, AND NAMEPLATES OF ALL
KINDS OF METALS OR COMPOUND METALS, AND THE METHOD OF
PRODUCING
AND FILLING UP LETTERS, FIGURES, AND DESIGNS IN SUCH PLATES, AND THE
MANUFACTURE THEREOF
">
My Invention relates to means of producing in all kinds of Metal, Plates, Letters,
Names, Words, Figures and ornamental Designs: to filling up such Letters &°
with various substances of a hard fusible or plastic kind: to give greater depth
for the substance forming the Letters, & than has hitherto been done by engraving
or chipping; to considerably reduce the cost of what are termed brass name and
door plates, and to produce other objects such as panels, slabs, tiles chimney pieces,
mantle-pieces,, doors and the like having a mixed surface of metal and fusible or
plastic materials. To this end I stamp out, saw, cut out or perforate such Letters,
Names, Words, Figures, and ornamental Designs in the Metal plates of any desired
shape or form right through the metal plates, whereby the full thickness of the
plate is available for the substance wherewith I fill in the space so stamped, sawn,'
cut out, or perforated to produce Letters, &c, whereas by the old method of
engraving or chipping Letters, on metal plates, only a very shallow depth is
available for the substance. On the reverse side of the metal plate I bend up the
edges all round, to give the plates a more substantial appearance and to hold
together the fusible or plastic material of which I make the Letters &º. I also
attach and solder to the bent up edges, on the inside of the metal plate, a plain or
grooved iron sheet, for the purpose of strengthening and stiffening the metal
plates. To this iron sheet-which forms the back part of the metal plate-I attach,
fasten and support all the weak and loose parts of the plate letters & as well as
the nuts and screws to secure the metal plates in their places. The space between
the iron sheet and the metal plate may be varied and may be filled or partly filled
with fusible or plastic material, thereby increasing the depth of the substance of
which I make the Letters &. The edges of the metal plates may be bent up half
an inch more or less. When filled up to such a depth with fusible or plastic
material these metal plates are suitable as slabs for chimney pieces, tiles for flooring
and other similar purposes, where intermixed metal and fusible or plastic surfaces
are desired.-For filling in the stamped, sawed, cut out or perforated parts of the
metal plates forming the Letters, Names, Words, Figures and ornamental Designs,
I use various kinds of fusible or plastic material, some of which require special
treatment, others merely running in or pressing. In using glass for that purpose I
sometimes prefer to make use of separate Letters and Figures and to use small
blocks for the ornamental Designs on account of the difficulty of annealing glass
and metal together without cracking the glass or bending the plates. The glass
Letters, & fit exactly in the stamped, sawed, cut out or perforated parts of the
metal plate and rest by a slight projection against the inside of the plate, but when
placed in position are flush with the surface of the face or front of the metal plate
and are covered with adhesive, fusible or plastic material, up to the bent up edges
of the metal plate. The glass Letters, Figures and blocks of ornamental Designs
are cast in moulds and correspond with and fit into the space taken out by
stamping, sawing, cutting or perforating. I sometimes use blocks of pressed glass
in which Letters and ornamental Designs are impressed, so that either the Design
or the base of the Design may be of glass or metal, small holes are pressed in that
part which are covered with the metal, and the metal is secured with pins fitting
in the said holes, in addition to being secured with an adhesive material. I some-
times also take a sheet of glass that covers the Letters Names, Words, Figures and

page_text: ornamental Designs of the metal plate, make an impression in beeswax of the
Letters & on this glass sheet and reduce all the other parts by Hydrofluoric acid
or Sand Blast to the depth of the thickness of the metal plate. I lay this glass
sheet with the thereon projected Letters, Names, Words, Figures and ornamental
Designs on the inside of the stamped, sawed, cut out or perforated metal plate, when
all the projected Letters, & will rise through the plate flush with the surface. I
cover this glass sheet with an adhesive and fusible or plastic material up to the
bent up edges of the metal plate. The iron sheet in this case does not, however,
cover the whole of the back of the metal plate. Or I sometimes fix the metal
plate in a mould and then add the molten glass and anneal them together in the
mould. Or I may in any other way attach and anneal the glass with metal plates
in order to produce Letters, &°. Other fusible or plastic materials which I use in
filling in the stamped, sawed, cut out, or perforated parts of the metal plates
require only running in or pressing, some are pressed smooth and flush with the
surface, others require on account of overflow, reducing to a level and smooth
surface. My Invention applies to all and every purpose where a combined metal
and fusible or plastic surface in lettering, figuring and ornamenting is desired, for
objects such as nameplates, panels, figure-plates, slabs, tiles, chimney pieces, doors
and similar objects all of which may be of any desired thickness. The bent up edges
of the metal plates cover the sides in all cases. By fusible and plastic material' I
mean glass, either solid, crushed or soluble; Vulcanite; ebonite; all compositions
of shellac, rosin, sulphur, wood softened by steam or chemicals, papier mache,
concrete, plaster of Paris, terra-cotta, imitation marble, with every kind of
colouring and composition of the same or any other combination of other materials
not herein specified that may serve the purpose of my invention in producing
Letters & and which I designated in my provisional specification as glass or
similar material. By stamping, sawing, cutting and perforating I mean that those
parts forming the Letters, Figures and ornamental Designs, are taken clean out to
the full thickness of the metal plate. By metal plate I mean plates of gold, silver,
nickel, bronze, copper, brass, zinc, tin, or any of their alloys, as well as steel or any
other metal.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of my Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed and applied I wish it to be
understood that what I claim as the invention to be protected by the hereinbefore
in part recited Letters Patent is :-
1. The manufacture and use of metal plates, stamped, sawn, cut or perforated, with
the filling therein of any and every substance that serves such purpose, substantially
as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
2. The use of plates with a surface composed of two or more materials capable
of receiving a fine polish and possessing capability of resisting exposure to the sun
and air, substantially as herein before described.
3. The adaptation of my said Invention to the purposes of lettering, figuring
and ornamenting panels, nameplates, figure plates and other plates, slabs, tiles, doors,
chimney pieces, mantel pieces, flooring and similar purposes and objects of a
combined metal and fusible or plastic surface, substantially as hereinbefore
described.
In witness whereof I the said Carl Leonhard Herman Lammers have hereunto
set my hand and seal this fifth day of June One thousand eight hundred