IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBING-MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ernest de Pass, of the Office for British and Foreign
Patents, 68, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agent, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBING-MACHINES." A communication
from abroad by Joseph Imbs, of 17, Boulevard Saint-Martin, Paris, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ernest de Pass at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st June 1880.
"
ERNEST DE PASS, of the Office for British and Foreign Patents, 68, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent. IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBING-MACHINES."
A communication from abroad by Joseph Imbs, of 17, Boulevard Saint-Martin,
Paris, France.
This Invention has for object certain improvements in combing machines, which
improvements are principally applicable to the machines known as "Imbs"
machines, and also to others constructed on similar principles.
The first improvement relates to the construction of the feed nipper or head
nipper, with a view of giving to the whole of its parts all the strength necessary
for good working on a width equal to the width of the carding machines with which
the combing-machine may have to be coupled, according to certain arrangements
referred to in Patent No. 38747, granted to me as a communication from the said
Joseph Imbs. This construction of the head nipper is characterized by a rib rising
above the closing plane of the nipper, by lugs (or by any other analogous arrange-
ment) allowing the cross-head to be fixed directly to the head of the nipper through
which the opening rods pass, such cross-head being also provided with lugs
carrying saddle pieces which receive at suitable intervals the pressure acting upon
the grooved nipping bars; it is further characterized by certain parts connected
together by the head nipper and forming a strong frame, and also by an arrange-
ment of moveable slides fixed to the head nipper and forming slides for the
counter nipper.
The upper seizing nipper travels as usual on friction rollers, which are of as
large a diameter as possible.
The centre of oscillation of the levers to which the lower seizing nipper is
attached may be placed quite at the bottom of the machine, and the points of
action of the draw springs, as near as possible to the lower seizing nipper, the
cams resting upon the main shaft, the action and the counter action being thus
both above the centre of oscillation.
The movement and arrangement of the front cleaning brush are characterized
by the brush having an almost horizontal intermittent movement, so that this
Pavine 1021

page_text: brush is directed upward, and after removing the dirt out of the front comb meets
the rotating circular back brush. The result of such arrangement is the perfect
removal by the circular brush of the dirt carried away by a straight brush.
The rotating circular back brush and its doffer revolve in a sheet-iron trough,
and the detaching comb of this doffer is actuated so as to make one or more
strokes for each revolution of the machine so as to ensure the detaching of the noils.
The next improvements relate to the movement of the comb holder. This
movement may be single and placed in the middle of the comb holder; or it may
be double and placed at two suitable intermediate points on the length of the
comb holders, which rise and fall in the slide guide of an eccentric frame, other
slide guides being provided for the ends of the combholder itself.
The movement of the eccentric frame carrying the combholder is characterized.
1. By the application of an under pressure acting so as to instantly raise the
excentric frame. This under pressure may be produced or applied in any suitable
manner, as, for example, by a spiral spring attached to hubs which actuate the
frame by means of a rack and pinion arrangement acting upon a suitable rod.
2. By the application of friction rollers on a journal fixed to the bottom of the
excentric frame. These friction rollers are kept in constant contact with an
excentric rotating brush by the under pressure herein before described.
3. By employing a hollow excentric composed of two distinct curves. The
outer parts in connection with the friction rollers aforesaid form the curve
regulating the movement of the frame of the comb-holder. The hollow part is formed
by another curve for allowing the adjoining part of the frame to move freely. This
last curve being able to ensure the exact movement of the frame of the comb-
holder by acting upon the frame itself in case of the spring being insufficient.
4. By the use of closing plates forming together with the frame a kind of box
which prevents dust or waste getting into the working parts.
A further improvement relates to the arrangement of the comb-holder and is
characterized,-
1. By rabbets formed therein.
2. By the top of such comb-holder being more elevated than the stem of the
teeth of the combs, and furnished with a groove or throat between two notched
edges.
As is well known, the superposition of the combed sliver is effected either on an
oscillating doffer receiving these slivers. from the segment of a brush keyed on the
main shaft, or on a roller covered with velvet, or on an entirely circular brush,
mounted loose on the main shaft, and having the necessary independent oscillating
motion.
$
It is a rotary and alternate movement of oscillation combined with a slow and
gradual revolution in one direction of the oscillation which has for the above
purpose to be given to either the doffer or the superposition brush.
Hitherto this
movement has been given by a bar with a pawl acting on a ratchet in an
intermittent manner to produce the same oscillating movement of a drum.
The improvement consists now in applying (for producing the oscillatory
progressive movement of the doffer or of the brush in the apparatus forming the
subject of the present Invention) the mechanism described in the Patent of the
said Joseph Imbs (No. 64, dated 7 Jan. 1880), and there used to produce the same
progressive oscillating movement of a drum for forming the carded thin sheet
detached by the doffer of a carding machine into a continuous lap or fleece.
This mechanism consists in a differential movement in which the principal
continuous angular speed is replaced by an angular speed in alternate directions
which produces the desired oscillation, and from which the differential angular
speed equal to the rotative progression of the part in question is taken. This
mechanical movement is called a
"differential oscillatory movement, and is
applied to these combing machines for the purpose of obtaining precision of the
parts above mentioned.
"

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Ernest de Pass in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 29th November
1880.
"
ERNEST DE PASS, of the Office for British and Foreign Patents, 68, Fleet Street,
in the City of London, Patent Agent. IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBING MACHINES."
A communication from abroad by Joseph Imbs, of 17, Boulevard Saint Martin,
Paris, France.
The present improvements are chiefly applicable to the combing machine known
as the Imbs combing machine, and which are described in the British Letters
Patent, No. 10, dated 1st January 1869; No. 2313, dated 1st June 1876; No. 3473,
dated 2nd September 1878; No. 542, dated 11th February 1879; No. 3874, dated
25th September 1879; and No. 64, dated 7th January 1880; or to machines
constructed on the same principles.
The principal advantages and effects resulting from these improvements
consist,―
1st. In arranging the head nipper in such manner that it can hold, in a more
powerful manner than those of former machines, a thicker and larger fleece of
fibres, thus increasing the production by the machine.
2nd. In obtaining a seizing nipper which shall be more powerful and better
balanced in its movements, by choosing for the same positions in accordance with
the power and the resistance required, and thus enabling this seizing nipper to
work at a higher speed than was hitherto attainable.
3rd. In causing the front cleaning device to work in such a manner that the
waste which it takes from the combs is discharged more regularly.
4th. In rendering the movement of the comb holder perfectly silent, smooth, and
free from jerks in the working of the machine, without in anywise impairing the
rigidity of such comb holder.
5th. In constructing the comb holder in such a manner that the combs are better
protected against any possible damage, and in causing them so to work that their
regular cleaning, by the cleaning devices, is more efficacious.
6th. In imparting to the doffer, or to the super-imposing or consolidating brush,
its progressive oscillatory rotation, by mechanism composed solely of gear wheels
without any pawl or ratchets likely to fail in its effect, thereby obtaining a
movement which is surer and capable of working at any speed.
I. A first series of improvements is shown in quarter size in Figures 1, 2, and 3,
(Sheet I.) of the accompanying Drawings.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section, Figure 2 a back view, and Figure 3 a plan
thereof.
These Figures represent,-
1st. The construction of the feed nipper or head nipper, with a view of giving
to all its parts the rigidity necessary for a good working on a width equal to
that of the carding machines, with which the combing-machine may have to be
combined or coupled according to the patented improvements described in the
British Letters Patent, No. 3874, dated 25th September 1879, and granted to me
as a communication from the said Joseph Imbs.
This manner of constructing the head nipper is characterized by the rib a,
extending above the closing plane of the nipper, by the lugs A or other analogous
arrangement, permitting of direct attachment to the heads of the nipper H
(traversed by the opening rod T) of the cross bar B, furnished with lugs b, receiving
the saddle pieces 8, s¹, which, at suitable intermediate points, receive the pressure
acting upon the bars E, E¹. The parts a, a, a¹, and B connected by the heads H,

page_text: thus forming a rigid frame, and by the arrangement of moveable slides D fixed
to the heads H, as shown, and forming guides for the counter nipper E¹.
The upper seizing nipper X' travels, as usual, on friction rollers a', the diameters
of which are as large as possible.
Furthermore, the centre of osciliation of the levers Y may be placed at the
bottom of the machine and the point of action of the oscillatory draw springs as
near as possible to the nipper X, the cams resting on the shaft O', the action and
counter-action being, in this manner both above the centre of oscillation and
nearly in front one of the other.
The same Figures also represent,-
2ndly. The movement and arrangement of the front cleaning brush.
This arrangement is characterized by the direction of the said brush K, with its
almost horizontal and intermittent movement, the direction being such that the
said brush moving upwards, after having removed the dirt from the front comb p,
meets the circular and rotating back brush K¹ in the direction of its rotation,
indicated by the arrow, and following a tangent approximate to its circumference.
Or instead of a brush a comb may be used. The result of such inclined and tangential
position is the complete removal, by the circular brush K¹, of the dirt carried away
by the straight brush K. The brush K' and its doffer K rovolve in an iron
trough K, and the doffing comb of this doffer is actuated by a velocity of one
or more strokes per revolution of the machine, so as to well ensure the detaching
of the noils and burrs.
II. A second series of improvements is shown in Figures 4 and 5 (Sheet 2) of
the accompanying Drawings which are th of the full size.
Figure 4 is a side view showing the movement of the comb holder, and Figure 5
a transverse section of the same.
This movement is single, as formerly, and is placed in the middle of the comb
holder, or it may be double, and placed at two suitable intermediate points of the
length of the comb holder which, as described in the British Letters Patent,
No. 3473, dated 2nd September 1878, and granted to the said Joseph Imbs, rises
and falls, guided in the guides M of the eccentric frame N, and in other guides not
shown, which guide the ends of the comb holder itself.
The movement of the eccentric frame carrying the comb holder is characterized,
1st. By the application of an under pressure which may be applied in any
suitable manner, acting to instantly raise the frame N.
The Figures represent, by way of example, coiled springs Z attached to naves or
hubs which, by means of the pinions 2¹ and the rack 2 fixed upon the rod t,
actuate this rod and the frame N itself.
2nd. By the application of friction rollers g on a journal g¹ fixed to the bottom
of the frame N, the friction rollers being kept in constant contact with the
eccentric Qby the under pressure above described.
3rd. By the employment of a hollow eccentric Q composed of two distinct curves.
The outer parts q, q, in connection with the friction rollers g form the curve
regulating the movement of the frame of the comb holder; the hollow part q is
formed by another curve for allowing the free play of the part q₁ of the frame,
this latter curve being able however, in case of insufficiency of the spring Z, to
ensure the exact movement of the comb holder by acting on the frame.
4th. By the employment of closing plates A¹, A', forming, together with the
frame N, a kind of box which protects all the working parts from dust and waste.
III. Figure 6 (Sheet 1) represents in half size the comb holder P, the arrangement
of which is characterized,-
1st, by the rabbeis *, *', and, second, by the top a being higher than the stem a³
of the teeth or needles of the combs, and being furnished with a V shaped groove
or notch.
IV. It is well known that the communicator produces the superposition or
consolidation of the combed slivers either on an oscillating doffer receiving the
slivers from a segmental brush mounted on the shaft O, Figure 1, or on a roller

page_text: faced or clothed with velvet, or on a circular brush mounted loose on the shaft o
and receiving the necessary independent oscillating movement. It is a rotating
and reciprocating movement of oscillation, combined with a slow and gradual
rotation in one direction of oscillation, which, for the purpose above set forth, it is
necessary to give either to the doffer or to the superimposing or consolidating
brush. Hitherto this movement has been imparted by a bar, with a pawl acting
on a ratchet wheel in an intermittent manner.
The improvement claimed in these combing machines consists in applying thereto,
to produce the said oscillatory and progressive movement of the doffer or of the
brush, the mechanism or means described in the Specification of the British Letters
Patent, No. 64, dated 7th January 1880, and granted to me as a communication
from the said Joseph Imbs, for producing the oscillatory progressive movement of
a drum, converting the thin carded sheet detached by the doffer of a carding
machine into a continuous lap or fleece. This mechanism consists in a differential
movement in which the principal continuous angular speed is replaced by an
angular speed in alternate directions, which produces the desired oscillation and
from which the differential angular speed, equal to the desired rotative progression,
is taken. Such a mechanism the communicator calls a "differential oscillatory
movement," and applies the same to his combing machines to obtain perfect
precision in the working of the parts above mentioned.
Sheet III. of the accompanying Drawings represents improvements in certain
parts indicated in Sheets I. and II. for the purpose of improving or simplifying
them, or for causing them to work in a more perfect and more exact manner.
Figure 7 (Sheet 11I.) represents in half full size a longitudinal section of the
principal parts; Figure 8, shown on the same scale, certain important details.
Figure 9 shows in full size the comb holder or part 7, π², π², p', p³, p³, of
Figure 6.
The following is a description of the essential features represented in these
Figures.
In the first part of this Specification it is stated how the relative positions of the
point of oscillation x (Figure 7, Sheet III.) of the seizing nipper X, and of
the point of application of the draw springs X with regard to the point of action
of the eccentrics X³, and of the position of the nipper X have been modified. For
the better working, resulting from these new relative positions, it has been sought
to effect for this seizing nipper X that which was done and described for the
feeding nipper, that is to say, it has been sought to strengthen and to render this
lower seizing nipper X firmer, in order to be able to give the greatest possible
width to it. As the active or working part of this nipper, which is the cross bar X,
cannot exceed certain dimensions by reason of the free play and free approach of
the various adjacent pieces, it was impossible to strengthen the same by simply
increasing the dimensions.
To be able to effect this, a second and solid cross bar X is placed at a point
suitably chosen, so as to afford sufficient space below the cross bar X and as near as
possible thereto, which latter, like the cross bar X, connects together the two
uprights or levers X³, on which the whole system of seizing nipper oscillates. To
this second cross bar X* the cross bar X is connected by means of ribs Xº placed at
suitable distances apart, and the cross bar therefore, besides its own rigidity, profits
by the entire rigidity of the cross bar X, and as further the cross bar X, the ribs X6,
the cross bar X, and the uprights or levers X5 are made of a simple piece of cast
iron, the whole system X, X, X, X, thus forms a framework in one piece of great
strength, oscillating at the lower part of its two vertical extended sides. This
framework also carries with it the upper nipper X' and the usual upper cross
bar X' carrying the levers and springs which apply the upper nipper X' against the
lower one X. This last named crossbar has been lowered as near as possible to the
upper nipper. In front of these two nippers is the superimposing or consolidating
brush Y, Figure 7 (Sheet III.) It has been already stated that either a segmental
brush, revolving with a continuous movement to deliver the slivers to an oscillating

page_text: doffer, or a completely circular hollow brush Y traversed by the axis y of the cams
which open the nipper X, and to this brush itself, the progressive oscillatory
movement is given. This latter method is shewn at Figure 7. In this case a fixed
or moveable doffing comb was heretofore employed to detach the continuous fleece
formed on the brush, or else drawing rollers, in contact with the brush, and
actuated by the same progressive oscillatory movement of rotation as the brush.
According to this Invention the fleece may be detached in a more simple manner
by employing a single roller Y¹, which may be either smooth or fluted, and
revolving in contact with the brush Y in the position shewn, in a sufficiently rapid
and continuous manner and in the direction of the arrow.
Figure 8 (Sheet III.), shews the reciprocating differential gearing by which the
progressive oscillatory movement is given to the brush or to the doffer. T'he
connecting rod a is actuated by a stud a' fixed to a plate made fast on the shaft o,
causing the horizontal reciprocating movement of the feeding nipper. This
connecting rod sets in movement a suitable guide a², a rack as which is in
gear with the sector a' carrying the small differential bevil pinion a³, which is in
gear with two bevil wheels a and a³.
The bevil wheel af is fixed on the axle a7, whilst the other as which is loose is in
a piece with the spur wheel a³ which is driven by a slow and continuous movement
of the combined pinions a¹0 and a¹¹, which through intermediate gearing a are
driven by the small pinion a¹³ fixed on the end of the shaft y, which passes through
the hollow brush, the said shaft being that of the cams which open the nipper X.
The axle a thus receives the required progressive oscillatory movement and
transmits it to the brush by the pinions a4 and a15. This latter pinion which is
fixed to the brush, and the pinion a¹, which is fixed to the axle a, are inside the
framework, the remainder of the gearing is outside. This movement, such as is
herein described, is a differential movement by bevil wheels. The said gearing
may be advantageously applied to produce the motion of the drawing and super-
imposing cylinder in combing machines on Heilman's system. It must also be
understood that this differential movement can be produced by spur wheels without
in any way changing the principle of such movement.
In this case the bevil pinion a³ is replaced by a spur wheel secured to the
sector a, which receives and gives the reciprocating rocking movement to the axle
of the said pinion. The bevil wheels a6 and as are also replaced by spur wheels,
one of which is toothed inwardly and the other outwardly. One of these wheels
is loose on the axle a7, but is always driven by a slow and continuous movement,
by any of the wheels a's, a¹, all, a¹º, the other wheel is keyed on the axle a7. The
pinion a carried by its axlc oscillates in revolving on the loose wheel, which is
shifted little by little and drives, in its oscillation and rotation, the wheel which is
keyed on the axle a'.
Figure 7 also shows another and more simple arrangement of the front cleaning
device. This apparatus comprises a small straight brush, but it may be replaced by
a comb of sufficiently large size, either is as already stated, in the first part of this
Specification, in an oblique direction, but instead of carrying it horizontally and
parallel to itself, to act on the front comb, and causing it to meet the rotatory back
brush Z, it will be found more simple to fix this small straight brush, or this comb N,
on the shaft z by a suitable clip or claw z'. Thus by imparting to this shaft za slight
angular movement, the small brush or the comb in question receives this same
movement, and is presented to act on the comb of the comb hold, and to meet
the brush Z in a satisfactory manner. The obliquity of the small brush, or of this
cleaning comb varies, by this angular rotation, but so little, as is not sufficient to
impair its proper working, and on the other hand, the movement is more simple.
A pawl or clawker Z2 is fixed on the end of the shaft z.
it in the direction of the arrow, and a cain Z, fixed on the shaft y, by acting on the
A coiled spring Z³ draws
said pawl or clawker, produces the necessary rotatory angular movement of the
shaft z, and of the comb or of the brush N.

page_text: In Figure 7 is also represented a comb or a row of combs n fixed to the upper
feeding nipper H; a pair of hooks n' and a screw n² above for each of the pieces
composing this comb n serve to fix it in such a way that it can be easily raised or
even removed if required for repairs, etc. In the working this comb fixed to the
nipper Hrises out of the fleece during the feeding or the full opening of the nipper,
but it is engaged in the head of the fleece during the remainder of the time.
purpose is to prevent any dirt from the points of the fleece situated further back
being carried on to the combs p', p², p³, of the comb holder during the seizing
as this dirt might injure the cleanness of the head of the sliver.
725
Its
and raises the blade ¹
being made as desired,
On the other hand the comb holder, Figures 7 and 9, is as usual provided with
one or two fixed rows of combs p¹, p², but the third row, which is, properly
speaking, the cleaning comb for the tail of the sliver, is rendered independent
while profiting by the rigidity of the combholder . For this purpose it is fixed
to a strip or blade ¹ capable of sliding along the comb holder for a certain
distance. Two pieces 2 are fixed to the blade ¹ and receive the ends of two
levers and an outer lever provided with a roller actuated by a cam
causes the lever to oscillate at a convenient moment
carrying the combs p³. The outline or curve of the cam
and the comb holder receiving its movements as herein before described in the
second part of this Specification, a certain advance can then be given at will to the
comb ps at the moment of seizing, which will cause it to arrive at the top and
penetrate the fleece before the comb p1 and p2, which can then only enter the
fleece towards the end of the seizing, and thus find the fleece better prepared for
their action. It is in this case, especially when the tail comb or holding comb will
work alone during the seizing, that the presence of the comb n fixed to the feeding
nipper is requisite for preventing the dirt removed from the fibre or fibres of medium
length not seized by the seizing device to be shifted or displaced during the seizing.
Finally, by such an arrangement the comb p³ can be lowered alone before the
combing of the head cominences by the backward movement of the feed nipper;
this comb p³ is thus lowered in relation to the combholder in the relative
position shown in the Drawing; they both descend together in this relative position,
and the cleaning comb or the front cleaning brush N effecting at the suitable
moment its backward movement cleans successively at the same time the two rows
of combs ps and 22 which is an important advantage, as heretofore this middle
row was never cleaned except by the action of the brush Z, and not by the direct
contact with any piece or part.
Figure 8 (Sheet III.) also shows a new arrangement of cleaning comb for the
head of the sliver. An iron cross bar m is placed and fixed in the position shewn ;
a steel blade m' is fixed to the cross bar on steps m² cast on its lower part. In the
space between the cross bar m and the blade m' a bar q, furnished with fine combs
and resting on the steps m², is placed, the points of the teeth of these combs being
a little lower than the top of the fixed blade m'. The bar q is furnished at each
of its extremities with a suitable claw q'. Qare eccentrics which effect the
oscillation of the levers Q¹, so that at the moment the nipper H, H', commences to
move backward to comb the head of the sliver the levers Q raise the bar q provided
with supplementary cleaning combs, which penetrate the sliver behind the comb p',
and this bar q returns to its first position before the comb holder redescends.
In this manner the supplementary cleaning combs of the bar q leave their waste on
the comb p and do not require cleaning. On the other hand when the comb
holder in its turn redescends, the waste with which the comb p₁ is charged
cannot be again caught in the supplementary cleaning comb which is protected by
the blade m². The manner of imparting the rising and falling movements to the
supplementary cleaning comb by the eccentrics Q and the levers Q', or of arranging
it, may be modified in many ways. That which is characteristic of this arrangement
is that the working of the supplementary cleaning comb frees itself naturally of
its waste by its descending movement preceding that of the combholder
and by
π,

page_text: its placing itself when descending behind the protecting blade m¹.
Thus the cross
bar m can be dispensed with, and the the blade m¹ may be fixed to the framework
by its two extremities. The bar q carrying the combs can be fixed at the end of
two levers M which have their centre of oscillation quite at the back of the machine
and at any suitable point.
Two cams M on the shaft O will give motion to the levers M. and the working
will be the same.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the
same may be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First. In an Imbs or other analogous combing-machine, the manner of con-
structing the feed nipper or head nipper with a view of giving to the whole of
its parts all the necessary rigidity, and thus effecting a good working on a width
equal to that of the carding machine, in the manner herein before described and
shewn in Figures 1, 2, and 3 (Sheet I.) of the annexed Drawings.
Second. In an Imbs or other analogous combing machine, the method of
strengthening the seizing nipper by constructing it of the nipper X itself, of the
strengthening cross bar X, and the ribs or strengthening pieces X, and also the
manner of constructing it of a single casting comprising the nipper, the cross bar,
the ribs, and the uprights, as hereinbefore described and shewn in Figure 7
(Sheet III.) of the annexed Drawings.
Third. The relative positions of the centre of oscillation and the point of
action of the draw springs with regard to the lower seizing nipper, as above
described and as illustrated in Figure 1 (Sheet I.) and Figure 7 (Sheet III.) of the
annexed Drawings.
Fourth. In an Imbs or other analogous combing machine, the method herein
described and shown in Figure 7 (Sheet III.) of arranging and working the front
cleaning device N (whether it be a comb or a flat brush) by fixing it directly on
the oscillating shaft z moved by the pawl or clawker Z2 and cam Z*.
Fifth. In a combing machine of any construction whatsoever, the method of
doffing the combed fleece from the roller, brush, or from a doffer Y by the
continuously rotating cylindrical doffer Y₁, as herein described and shewn in
Figure 7 (Sheet III.) of the annexed Drawings.
Sixth. The arrangement of movement of the comb holder, characterized by the
application of an under pressure acting directly on the frame of the comb holder,
the said frame being provided at its lower part with a pair of friction rollers which
are kept in constant contact with the eccentric of the frame, and the double curve
with which the eccentric is also provided for this purpose, the whole arranged,
constructed, combined, and operating in the manner as herein before described and
shewn in Figures 4 and 5 (Sheet II.) of the annexed Drawings.
Seventh. The application to a combing machine of any construction whatsoever
of a reciprocating differential gearing for producing the progressive oscillatory
movement necessary for the superposition or consolidation of the combed slivers,
as herein before described for the purposes set forth, the said differential movements
being effected by bevil or spur gearing, in the manner herein described and shewn
in Figure 8 (Sheet III.) of the annexed Drawings.
Eighth. In an Imbs or other analogous combing machine, the modification
consisting in rendering the tail comb på independent of the head combs p¹, p²,
while the same remains attached to the comb holder for the purpose herein
before set forth, and as described and shewn in Figures 7 and 9 (Sheet III.) of the
annexed Drawings.
Ninth. In an Imbs or other analogous combing machine, the method of
arranging and working a supplementary cleaning comb for the head q independent
of and separate from the comb holder by a protecting blade m³, as herein before
described and shown in Figure 8 (Sheet III.) of the annexed Drawings.
Tenth. In a combing machine of any construction whatsoever, the combination
of the comb n (fixed to the feed nipper H) with the tail comb or an independent

page_text: holding comb, as herein before described and shewn in Figure 7 (Sheet III) of the
annexed Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ernest de Pass, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty sixth day of November, in the year One thousand
eight hundred and eighty.
ERNEST DE PASS. (L.S.)