A NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PASTEBOARD, AND PULP."
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joshua Horton, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Manufacturer, and Thomas Horton, of Birmingham aforesaid,
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE
OF PAPER, PASTEBOARD, AND PULP."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joshua Horton and
Thomas Horton at the Office of the Cominissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 5th July 1855.
We, JOSHUA HORTON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manu-
facturer, and THOMAS HORTON, of Birmingham aforesaid, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, PASTEBOARD, AND PULP," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in the use of spent. tan (that is to say, oak bark or
other vegetable matter which has been used by tanners,) for the manufacture
of paper, pasteboard,,and, pulp, in the following manner-We subject the
said spent tan to the action of a machine, consisting essentially of a drum or
roller provided with teeth; by the action of the said machine-the-said-spent
tan becomes divided into fibres, suitable for paper, pasteboard, or pulp. The
said fibres are mixed with the powder produced by the disintegration of the

page_text: outer coating of the bark, and. which. said powder is unfit for the making of
paper or pasteboard. We therefore separate the said powder by a sieve when
the said fibre is to be used for making paper or pasteboard; but where the
said fibre is used for making, pulp for papier mâché, we do not think it
necessary to separate the said powder.
.
.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joshua Horton and Thomas Horton in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 29th December 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSHUA
HORTON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, and
THOMAS HORTON, of Birmingham aforesaid, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Joshua Horton and Thomas Horton, Her special licence that we, the
said Joshua Horton and Thomas Horton, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Joshua Horton and Thomas Horton,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the terin
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; the Channel Islands;
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF
PAPER, PASTEBOARD, AND PULP," upon the condition (amongst others) that we,
the said Joshua Horton and Thomas Horton, by an instrument in writing
under our hands and scals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should
'particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in
the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
T
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Joshua Horton and Thomas Horton,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:
Our Invention consists in the use of spent tan (that is to say, oak bark or
other bark which has been used by. tanners,) for the manufacture of paper,

page_text: pasteboard, and pulp, in the manner herein-after described, and illustrated in
the accompanying Drawing.
Figure 1 represents in vertical section, and Figure 2 in elevation, the
machine by which we prefer to carry our Invention into effect; Figure 3
represents, in plan, a portion of the same; and Figure 4 represents the said
machine in end elevation. a is a cylinder or roll, the surface of which is
serrated or roughened, after the manner of a file or rasp; 6 is a curved bed or
surface, parallel or nearly parallel to the surface of the cylinder or roll a; the
said curved bed b is also serrated or roughened. The spent tan to be operated
upon is put into the hopper c. Motion is communicated to the driving pulley,
d by means of a strap or band; the pinion e on one end of the axis of
the roller a gears into the toothed wheel f on the axis g, and a pinion h
on the other end of the axis of the roller a gears into the toothed wheel i on
the axis k.
The rollers l, m, are situated on the axes g, k, which said rollers deliver the
spent tan contained in the hopper c to the roller a. We prefer to give a
velocity of about one hundred and fifty revolutions per minute to the roll or
cylinder a. The spent tan is carried by the roller a against the surface of the
bed b, and by the serrated or roughened surfaces of the said roll and bed
the said spent tan is reduced to fine fibre, which falls down the incline n into
a receptacle. Instead of the bed b, we sometimes use a second roll, which we
cause to move in the same direction as that of the roll or cylinder a; the
opposed faces of the said rolls consequently move in opposite directions. We
cause the said second roll to move with a velocity of about one-third the
velocity of the roll a. We cause the distance between the roll a and bed b
to be increased or diminished by means of the screw o, or by means of any
other convenient adjusting mechanism; and where rolls are used, we make
the said rolls capable of adjustment to a greater or less distance from one
another. After the spent tan has been operated upon by the machine
represented, it is sifted for the purpose of separating the particles which
constituted the outer bark, and which are unfit for the making of paper,
pasteboard, or pulp. After the spent tan has been operated upon in the
manner described, it may be transferred direct to the pulping machine.
Fibre made according to our Invention may be bleached by any of the well-
known bleaching processes. The fibre produced by the method we have
described may be used alone, or mixed with other vegetable fibre, for the
manufacture-of-paper, pasteboard, and pulp.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the manner of
carrying the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that we do not limit

page_text: ourselves to the precise details herein described, as the same may be varied
without departing from the nature of our said Invention; for example, although
we have found the machine herein described; and illustrated in the accom-
panying Drawing, to answer well in practice, yet we do not confine ourselves to
the use of the said machine; as the separation of the fibres of spent tan may
be effected by other mechanical means; but we claim as our Invention the
use of spent tan for the manufacture of paper, pasteboard, and pulp in the
manner herein described; that is to say, the use of spent tan treated by
mechanical means for the production of fibre. suitable for the manufacture of
paper, pasteboard, and pulp.
In witness whereof, we, the said Joshua Horton and Thomás Horton,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-eighth day of
December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty five
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
JOSHUA HORTON. (L.s.)
THOMAS HORTON. (L.S.)