IMPROVEMENTS IN. MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SUSPENDING PAPER AND WOVEN FABRICS TO BE DRIED
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Abel Heywood, of the City of Manchester, Paper
Maker and Stainer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN. MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR SUSPENDING PAPER AND WOVEN FABRICS TO BE DRIED."-
A communication.
Sealed the 1st April 1859, and dated the 28th October 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Abel Heywood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th October 1858.
I, ABEL HEYWOOD, of the City of Manchester, Paper Maker and Stainer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SUSPENDING PAPER AND WOVEN FABRICS TO BE
DRIED," being a communication from abroad, to be as follows:-
This Invention is particularly applicable for suspending the paper used in
making paper-hangings when it leaves the grounding or staining machine, but
it may also be used to suspend woven fabrics for drying purposes.
When the paper leaves the grounding, staining, or other machine, it is taken
over a revolving roller, which guides it to a pair of diagonal endless straps,
furnished with pegs or projections to carry forward the lags over which the
paper passes. These lags, with the paper suspended in loops from them, are
deposited by the diagonal endless straps on to a pair of endless belts or ropes
which move horizontally, and gradually convey the loops of paper along the
drying or other chamber in which they are suspended.

page_text: The lags over which the paper passes are selected from a suitable receptacle
by a pair of pulleys, which have recesses in their circumference; the lags drop
into the recesses in the pulleys, which in revolving deposit them on to the
diagonal straps.
In some cases intermediate endless belts or ropes may be used to convey
the lags from the diagonal straps to the horizontal endless belts or ropes. By
this means the paper or fabric is carried away from the machine, and sus-
pended in the room where it is dried, thereby effecting a considerable saving
in labour.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Abel Heywood in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th April 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ABEL
HEYWOOD, of the City of Manchester, Paper Maker and Stainer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-second year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and.grant unto me,
the said Abel Heywood, Her special licence that I, the said Abel Heywood,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Abel
Heywood, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR SUSPENDING PAPER AND WOVEN FABRICS TO BE DRIED," being a com-
munication from abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Abel Heywood, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be perforined, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Abel Heywood, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
per-

page_text: formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say) :—
This Invention is particularly applicable for suspending the paper used in
making paper-hangings when it leaves the grounding or staining or printing
inachine, but it may also be used to suspend woven fabrics for drying
purposes.
When the paper or fabric leaves the grounding, staining, or other machine
it is taken over a revolving roller, which guides it to a pair of diagonal endless
straps, furnished with hooks, pegs, or projections, to carry forward the lags or
rods over which the paper or fabric passes. These lags or rods, with the paper
or fabric suspended in loops from them, are deposited by the diagonal endless
straps on to a pair of endless belts or ropes which move horizontally, and
gradually convey the loops of paper or fabric along the drying or other
chamber in which they are suspended.
The lags or rods over which the paper or fabric passes are selected from a
suitable receptacle by a pair of hooks attached to the diagonal straps above
referred to, or by other suitable mechanism.
In some cases intermediate endless belts or ropes may be used to convey
the lags or rods from the diagonal straps to the horizontal endless belts or
ropes. By this means the paper or fabric is carried away from the machine,
and suspended in the room where it is dried, thereby effecting a considerable
saving in labour.
And in order that this Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the accompanying twe Sheets of
Drawings, reference being had to the figures, letters and arrows inarked
thereon.
On Sheet 1, Fig. 1 is an elevation of the improved machinery or apparatus
for suspending paper and woven fabrics; Fig. 2 is a plan of the same.
On Sheet 2, Fig. 3 is an elevation of part of the improved machinery or
apparatus; Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7 are detached views on an enlarged scale of
parts of the same; and Fig. 8, a section through the line X, Y, on Fig. 2.
In Figs. 1 and 2, A represents a machine for grounding or staining paper,
which machine it is not necessary to describe, as it is made in the usual
manner. The paper which is marked a, on leaving the grounding or staining
machine is taken over the roller b, from whence it is carried upwards in the
form of a loop by the rod c, and the hooks d projecting from the diagonal
endless straps e, which move slowly in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1.
When the rod c arrives at the summit of the pulley e¹, it is deposited on to
and carried forward by the intermediate endless belts or ropes f, from whence

page_text: the paper descends in folds of about 12 inches asunder, or sufficiently wide
apart to allow a free circulation of air. The endless ropes are supported on
rails 9, and pass around the pulleys f' and f, and the rods care delivered by
the endless ropes f to the endless ropes h, which latter move at about one-half
the speed of the former, so as to bring the loops of paper closer together; the
ropes / pass around the pulleys h¹ and h³, and if the paper is sufficiently dry
when it arrives at the pulleys 2 it is taken down and carried forward to the
next operation, but as in drying paper it is not desirable to apply much heat it
is generally requisite to keep the paper suspended for a longer period than can
be obtained in going from one end of the room to the other; it therefore becomes
necessary to turn the loops round, and then to carry then slowly back towards
that end of the room from which they started; this can be accomplished by
the crown wheel i, which revolves slowly in the direction of the arrow in
Fig. 2; the ends of the rods c are dropped between the teeth of the wheel i
by the endless ropes h, and this wheel in revolving takes the rods c from the
ropes, and delivers them to the ropes, which pass around the pulleys k¹
and 2; the paper when quite dry is deposited in folds on to the floor of the
room, or on to a little carriage, as shewn in Fig. 3, by the following machinery:
To the pulleys 2 are fixed the pulleys m³, which give motion to the endless
straps m; these straps have projections on them for the rods c to rest upon in
descending. When the straps m pass over the pulleys m² the rods c fall in
succession with the paper on to the floor, or on to the carriage n, as shewn
in the Drawing. The rods c must be taken out of the folds of paper by hand,
and deposited into the receptacle o, from whence they are taken by the
hooks & projecting from the endless straps e, as will be explained hereafter.
The various parts of this machine are put in motion in the following
manner: A is the driving shaft of the grounding or staining machine, this
shaft being turned round in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 1 by steam or
other power. To the shaft A' is fixed the grooved pulley A2, which by a band
drives the pulley 'fixed on the shaft of the roller b. The pulley A³ drives by
a strap the pulley e³ on the shaftet; to this shaft are fixed the pulleys e for
giving motion to the diagonal endless strapse; the pulleyse', over which these
straps pass, are each fixed to a short shafte, to which the mitre pinions e® are
keyed; these pinions gear into similar pinions on the shafts f³, which have
worms f4 gearing into wheels f5, fixed to the same shafts as the pulleys f³; by
this means motion is imparted to the ropes f. The pulleys fi are loose on the
shafts 65; the ropes h are moved slower than the ropes by the pinions f
gearing into the carrier pinions f7, which gear into the wheels h³ fixed to the
pulleys h¹.

page_text: The ropes & are moved by the wheels h ge aring into the wheels & fixed to
the same shafts as the wheels k', seen best in Fig. 8, gearing into the pinions
on the cross shaft 9, to which are also fixed the pinions q gearing into the
wheels &³, keyed on the same shafts as the pulleys. The crown wheel i by
which the paper is carried round,is turned round byone of the ropes .giving
motion to the pulley fixed to the shaft r, to which is fixed the friction
pulley r¹ and the mitre pinion ; this pinion transmits motion to the pinion +3
by the carrier 4, and the pinion is fixed to the friction pulley ; these two
friction pulleys and impart motion to the wheel, which rests upon them,
being held in contact by the top friction pulley. The pulleys m' are fixed to
the rope pulleys k², and impart the requisite motion to the endless straps m
for carrying the rods c and the paper to the pile on which they are collected,
as shewn in Fig. 3. The endless ropes h and kare kept to the proper tension
by adjustable pulleys similar to ho, shewn in Fig. 1, which can be held in any
position by set screws.
The apparatus for selecting the rods c from the receptacle o is shewn best
in Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7, and partly in Figs. 1 and 2. On referring to these
Figures, it will be seen that to the diagonal endless straps are attached
brackets for the antifriction bowls s; these bowls act on the levers s¹, which
are mounted on studs projecting from the frame sides of the grounding or
staining machine; the shorter ends of the levers &¹ are connected by a cross
shaft s2, to which are jointed the uprights 83, the upper ends of which are
recessed to take hold of the rods c; the uprights s are guided between the
rollers s' and the springs so. The Drawing, Fig. 4, represents the parts in the
positions they assume when the longer ends of the levers a' are depressed by
the bowls s, and the uprights are raised to elevate one of the rods c; the
curved inclines at the upper part of the uprights & push the rods c up the
receptacle o to allow the hooks d to pass when advancing in the direction of
the arrow, to take hold of the rod c, that is now supposed to be held in
the uprights; as soon as the bowls & pass beyond the levers s¹, these levers
and the uprights s³ assume the positions shewn in Fig. 5, and the rods c in the
receptacle being no longer pushed back by the inclines on the uprightss³,drop
down the receptacle o, until the first wire is stopped by the pieces so; the
recesses in the uprights are then directly under the front rod and ready to
lift it up, when the bowls again act on the levers st. The palls s' hinged to
the frame side bear on the straps e, and are acted upon by the bowls s after a
rod c has been taken forward by the hooks d; the object of these palls is to
push the rods e back while the bowls & pass.
83
In the foregoing description I have described the Invention as applied to a

page_text: machine for suspending paper to be dried,after the operation of grounding or
staining has been performed; in this instance it is necessary to use the inter-
mediate endless ropes f,by which the paperis suspended in wider foldsat first,
in order to allow the paper to become partiallydried before it is suspended in
narrower folds by the ropes h. In some cases the intermediate endless ropes
finay be dispensed with, thereby considerably simplifying the machine
When the Invention is applied to suspending woven fabrics in drying stoves,
the crown wheel and the parts connected therewith, and the apparatus for
taking down, may also be dispensed with.
Having thus stated the nature of the Invention as communicated to me,
and described the manner of performing the same, I wish it to be understood
that I do not confine myself to the details given, as various modifications may
be made without departing from the peculiar character of the Invention; but
I claim,
First, the general combination and arrangement of the machinery or
apparatus shewn and described for suspending paper and woven fabrics
to be dried.
Secondly, the combination of machinory, shewn best in Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7,
for selecting and carrying forward the rods c, as described, or any modifi-
Ication thereof.
Thirdly, the combination of machinery shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, for reversing
the direction of motion of the rods c, and the folds of paper or woven fabric, as
described.
And, lastly, the combination of machinery shewn in Figs. 2 and 3, for
depositing the folds of paper or fabric in a pile, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Abel Heywood, have hereto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
. Witness,
H. B. BARLOW,
Manchester.
ABEL HET WOOD.
L.S.)