CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN 5 THE MANUFACTURE OF FARINA AND SUGAR FROM VEGETABLE PRODUCTIONS
Year: 1829

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GOULSON'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS-SHALL COME, I, BENJAMIN
Goulson, of Pendleton, near Manchester, in the County Palatine of Lancaster,
send greeting.
or
-
as
.....
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth, by His
5 Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
*minster, the Fourteenth day of December, in the tenth year of His reign, did,
for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Benjamin Goulson, His especial licence that I, the said Benjamin Goulsón,
అంగ,
my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Benjamin Goulson,
0_my_exors, admors, and assigns, should at any time, agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein. expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use; exercise, and vend, within England,
"Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also within His Majesty's
Plantations and Colonies abroad, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
5 THE MANUFACTURE OF FARINA AND SUGAR FROM VEGETABLE PRODUCTIONS;" in which
said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said Benjamin
Goulson, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to
"describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be enrolled in His

page_text: Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six months next and immediately
after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Benjamin Goulson, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is described and
ascertained as follows (that is to say):-
My Invention is an improved method of making farina and sugar from
vegetable productions, and consists in steeping the roots in dilute acids at the
common temperature of the atmosphere. It may be divided into two parts. By
one process, I obtain farina from the roots, and by the second I obtain sugar
or saccharine matter from the roots of plants the growth of this country.
The first process is conducted in the following manner :-The roots to be
operated upon, namely, those of dahlia, carrots, turnips, beet, mangel wurtzel,
and potatoes, are well washed or deprived of their peel in any convenient way.
They are then steeped, either whole or cut into slices, in pure water and an
acid. Any acid substance or acid salt will answer the purpose, but I prefer
the sulphuric acid. To every hundred pounds weight of roots I employ two
pounds of acid for dahlia, and I find that the quantity of acid required varies
in the order in which I have placed the names of the roots up to ten pounds
for every hundredweight of potatoes. When the roots have been acted upon by
the acid a change takes place in them, and they become soft and white, and the
acid is continued to act until the root can be rubbed by the hand into a paste.
The liquor is then run off, and the roots are washed by repeatedly covering
them with fresh water until they cease to have an acid taste; they are then
taken from the vats, and dried in baskets either in the sun or in a stove. By
this process they are much changed in their properties, and when ground into
powder become farina, which may be used as a substitute for wheat flour in
making bread and other things.
The second part of my Invention consists of an improved method of making
sugar or saccharine matter from vegetable productions, and which is thus
effected: I convert (as above) the vegetable substance into farina. I then
boil the farina with acid and water in the proportion of two pounds of acid
to one hundred pounds of farina, and thus I obtain a saccharine matter or
sugar. The roots of the dahlia may be converted into sugar without being
first made into farina. Steep the roots in acid and water in the proportion of
ten pounds of acid to one hundred pounds weight of roots, and the acid at the
common temperature of the atmosphere will in the course of three days
convert the dahlia into saccharine. The roots are then pressed, to separate the