Year: 1899

page_text: I, EDWARD BUSS, of St. Gallen (Wallhalla), in the Republic of Switzerland,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
It is well known that in rapid running piston engines, especially such as are
mounted on weak and yielding frames, vibrations or oscillations are set up,
owing to the inertia of the pistons and other parts, in the engine frame, which are
also communicated more or less to the building or the vehicle containing the
motor.
The present invention has for its object to prevent, or at any rate to render
as harmless as possible, these vibrations or oscillations, especially in those cases
in which they occur very severely, or act injuriously. In other words, the object
of the invention is a piston engine designed for high speed, and applicable
either as a steam engine, a carbonic acid engine, a compressed air engine, and
so forth, or as an explosion engine (petroleum, benzine, or gas motor, and so forth).
The motor is moreover especially devised for use in self-propelled vehicles of all
kinds, and especially for motor cars, although of course this does not interfere
with its value as a stationary engine wherever such a use is desirable.
Assuming that a single cylinder horizontal piston engine (for instance_a
petroleum engine) be suspended from pivoted rods in such a manner that the
entire engine can freely move in the direction of the horizontal cylinder axis,
almost without friction, and that the motor is running empty, so that it will
only have to overcome its own friction, which friction may be artificially in-
creased to any desired degree, and so that there occur no other forces in the
engine frame in the direction of the cylinder axis, except the inertia of the
moving parts, then if the machine is running fast the machine frame will
obviously not remain still, but will perform horizontal oscillations which will
at times coincide with the motions of the piston, and at other times be opposed
thereto, and will be so adjusted in their length that the common centre of
gravity of the machine frame on the one hand, and that of the moving masses
on the other hand, will remain stationary. Or in other words that the swing
of the machine frame will be proportioned to the absolute swinging of the
moving bodies (shortened by the length of the motion of the machine frame)
in inverse proportions to their respective masses.
If the machine frame, instead of being able to move freely and without
friction, be attached to a not very firm, yielding building, or to a yielding
vehicle, then the entire building or vehicle will likewise undergo similar oscilla-
tions of shorter dimensions, and which by aid of the present invention can be
rendered entirely or almost innocuous. The moving masses of a piston motor
can be divided into two principal divisions. The first consists of the to and fro
moving parts, namely the piston rod, the cross head, and a portion of
the connecting rod, and on the other hand in rotary parts, such as the crank,

page_text: and a portion of the connecting rod. The counterbalancing of the rotary paris
can always be effected by rotating balance weights of the proper dimensions
attached to the motor shaft, so as to counterpoise the cranks. This device for
the balancing. of the rotary parts is also applied in the present engine. There
remains therefore only the problem of how to equalize or counterbalance the
to and fro moving parts.
The object of the present invention is essentially characterized by the circum
stance that the cylinder together with its prolongation if present, and all the
parts connected therewith, as well as the machine frame or the building
or vehicle in which the engine is placed, are not in rigid connection
one with another, so that proper supports therein permit the cylinder to make
only such motions which approximately coincide with the direction of the
cylinder axis, and that the cylinder, together with the parts connected there-
with during the operation of the machine does not remain at rest, but receives
by the actuation thereof oscillations or vibrations which at one time coincide
with the oscillations of the to and fro moving parts, but are normally opposed
thereto, and so proportioned that their length stands to the absolute vibrations
of the to and fro moving parts exactly or approximately inversely as their re-
spective masses. The to and fro motion (oscillation) herein characterized of
the cylinder and the accompanying parts can be obtained either from the motor
shaft or from the to and fro moving parts of the motor itself. In the case of
the relatively short oscillations within which the cylinder reciprocates it is
immaterial for the result whether the points which serve as guides move in
straight lines or in lengthened curves, and it is consequently also unimportant
whether exact straight guides or other guides are made use of.
Further, there may be distingushed two kinds of motors. The first in which
only the cylinder oscillates together with the parts connected therewith, and a
second kind in which, so to speak, the entire motor including the crank shaft
participates in the abovementioned oscillations.
The motor is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in several modifica-
tions, and in these figures:-
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 shew sections of various patterns of piston motors.
Figures 1 and 4 shew plan views of the same, and
Figure 5 shews a side elevation of a motor.
In all these figures C indicates the cylinder, the piston, P the piston rod,
the crank, W the crank shaft, G the frame or bed plate, or the vehicle to
which the motor belongs. Ca prolongation of the cylinder.
In all these figures the inlet and outlet pipe, as well as the controlling,
igniting, and regulating devices for the machine are omitted, because all such
parts do not influence the working of the engine materially from the point
of view under discussion.
As the present invention is applicable to very different kinds of motors, and
as on the other hand various kinds of driving gear are suitable to convert the
motion of the to and fro moving parts of the motor into the required rotary
motion, the various constructional forms shewn in the drawings must be merely
regarded as individual examples of motors, the cylinder whereof is subject to
the beforementioned vibrations.
In a motor of the kind first above set forth the crank shaft runs in fixed
bearings, which are secured to the fixed bed plate, or to the building or vehicle
to which the motor belongs. The counterweights which serve to counterbalance
the rotating parts are shewn in the drawings on one or two of the figures, and
marked with the letter g, in other figures, however, they are omitted for the
sake of clearness.
The constructional forms of the motor shewn in Figures 1, 1, 2, and 3, are
adapted to produce an exact balance, even of the unsymmetrical movement.
As guides for the cylinder C and its prolongation C, double guides have been
selected in all three modifications illustrated, so that the cylinder body C C' is

page_text: not only guided approximately in the direction of the cylinder axis, but also
approximately parallel to itself.
Figures 1 and 1ª shew a form of motor in which the piston rod and cross
head are done away with, and the connecting rod is attached direct to the
piston, and in which the motor shaft is provided with a double crank.
From the body of the cylinder C there may be formed a forked prolonga-
tion C, the curved arms whereof are prolonged around the crank shaft, until
they reach to the opposite side of the said shaft. By way of example, curved
slides have been devised for these two figures in which the frictional surfaces c
and c run in corresponding grooves or straight channels n and n¹. Two fixed
bearings may be connected with the building G G indicated in the drawing
in conjunction with this form of motor. The motor shaft runs in these bearings
by means of two concentric parts of the shaft z. Further, the crank shaft may
be so formed that it possesses two other concentric parts or cranks e e, the
radius of the eccentricity of which is opposed to that of the principal cranks by
about 180°. Two eccentric or connecting rods p p of equal length may con-
nect the two parts e e with the fork arms forming part of the prolongation CI
of the cylinder, in such a manner that the eccentric will convey to the straight
and parallel guided body C C₁ the oscillations above described.
In order to counterbalance the reciprocating parts, the radii or eccentricities
of the cranks ce should be so proportioned that they stand to the radius of the
principal crank approximately as the masses of the reciprocating parts stand
to the mass of the cylinder with its additional parts. An exact counterbalancing
of the unsymmetrical motion is attained by this construction if the length of
the eccentric rods pp is proportioned to the length of the principal connecting.
rod P, as the eccentricity of e is proportioned to the radius of the crank k.
For the machines illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 a construction has been
selected in which the piston is provided with a piston rod and a cross head d,
and in which the prolongation C of the cylinder serves as the slide guide for
the cross head. Moreover, in both machines there have been provided for the
straight and parallel guidance of the cylinder body C C¹ two guides or pairs of
guides 1.
in
In the modification of the engine shewn in Figure 2 there may be added to
the shaft W of the pair of guides a further lever h (drawn sloping in the
figure) which lever is actuated by aid of a connecting rod p from a special
crank placed on the motor shaft. The crank may be placed at one end of
the shaft, or it may be formed by bending the said shaft. The shaft W with
the pair of guides is thus obliged to impart to the cylinder and its connections
the oscillating motion. The crank forms with the principal crank kan angle
of 180°. In the constructional modification of the engine shown
Figure 3, the to and fro motion of the cylinder and its continua-
tion CC is obtained from the reciprocating parts of the motor. For this, any
suitable mechanism can be made use of which is capable of reversing the motion
of the reciprocating parts, and shortening it to the required extent. There
may also be arranged a double lever has the principal organ for this shorten-
ing and reversal of the motion, and a prolongation m may be attached to the
cross head d which actuates said double lever by means of a connecting rod a.
The short lever arm I can act by means of its pivot on the cylinder prolonga-
tion C, and impart to this, and consequently to the cylinder itself the to and
fro motion.
.
The machine illustrated in Figures 4 and 4ª, is qualified to supply sufficient
counterbalancing of the reciprocating parts for most practical purposes; never-
theless, the balance is not an exact one because essentially only the symmetrical
part (pure sine motion) of the to and fro motion is counterbalanced. In this
case also, as in the case of Figures 1 and 1ª a motor construction is chosen in
which the connecting rod acts directly on the piston without the piston rod
and cross head, and in which the motor shaft is constructed as a double crank,

page_text: The cylinder prolongation C¹ can in this case consist essentially of two straight
arms. In this construction the cylinder with its prolongation is not
moved parallel to itself. On the contrary, in this case only a line or axis drawn
at right angles to the cylinder axis receives an approximately straight move-
ment. For this purpose there may be fixed on the side of the cylinder C two
co-axial pivots, and these may be guided by aid of two guides placed on a
common shaft. The crank shaft is in this case also constructed as in Figure 1ª,
and so that it possesses two cranks e placed at an angle to the principal crank
of about 180°. Whilst the motor shaft with its concentric pivots revolves
in two bearings attached to the frame G the two cranks e are impressed by the
forked arnis of the cylinder prolongation C, which arms are provided with
proper bearings. In this manner the cylinder C with its prolongation C¹ is
actuated, and in such a manner that it performs the motion of a relatively long
connecting rod.
The circumstance that both constructions of the motor (Figures 1 and 4)
possess each two cranks e e arises exclusively from the particular form of motor
selected (a double crank motor with forked cylinder projection C¹). One of the
two cranks e can, however, always be avoided if provision is made for a suffi-
ciently rigid and solid guide of the cylinder C and prolongation C. In all the
modifications which have been indicated for the motor of the first kind it has
been presumed that the crank shaft W coincides as to its geometrical axis, with
the geometrical axis of the pivots revolving in fixed bearings, or in other
words that the said shaft W is coaxial with the pivots z z. It may, however,
be desirable under certain circumstances to give the geometrical axis of the
shaft W another position, and for instance to cause it to coincide with the axes
of the eccentric or crank pivots e c. In this case it would be desirable to bore
out excentrically the wheel which has to transfer the rotary motion of the
shaft W, and which preferably consists of a gear wheel,, or of a belt pulley,
and to connect it with the shaft W in such a manner that the said gear wheel,
belt pulley, or the like will run concentrically with the pivots zz. The motor
of the second kind may find a use especially in those cases in which it is desir-
able to have as small a hub as possible, or as short a track as possible for the
oscillating motion of the cylinder. A modification thereof is shewn in Figure 5.
The form chosen corresponds almost exactly with the motor forms, Figures 4
and 4. The cylinder C, Figure 5, with its prolongation C is in this case also
guided approximately parallel to itself, and the guides shewn in Figures 4
and 4 are arranged in two pairs and ¹ which are secured to two shafts w w¹
secured to the building at right angles to the cylinder axis. The crank shaft
revolves by aid of concentric pivots in two bearings fixed to the forked arms
of the cylinder prolongation C, so that the crank shaft must participate in all
the movements of the cylinder C, and its prolongation C. Further, there is
attached to the crank shaft an eccentric or a short crank e which revolves
approximately equal with the main crank. The connecting rod p connects
the crank c with a fixed or immovable pivot attached to the building G. In
this manner the whole motor, together with its crank shaft W is compelled to
participate in the above indicated to and fro motion, which serves to counter-
balance an oscillating movement. If the fixed points be moved to the oppo-
site side of the crank shaft, and consequently be placed near the cylinder C
so that the connecting rod shewn on the right in the figure be placed to the left,
then the motor is capable of counterbalancing also the unsymmetrical motion.
Owing to the short stroke of the to and fro motion the motor work can be trans-
ferred by means of gearing without difficulty as indicated in Figure 5 by the
dotted wheel R¹.
It is obvious that the motor energy might also be transferred by means of
belts or chains, said belts or chains lying at a right angle, or approximately at
a right angle to that plane which passes through the cylinder axis and the
motor axis. In the accompanying drawings the cylinder C is illustrated in

page_text: all the figures as in the horizontal position, but the machine may obviously also
be applied for vertical and inclined positions of the cylinder.
Dated this 3rd day of February 1899.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
322, High Holborn, London, W.C., Patent Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to Quick Running Piston Motors.
I, EDWARD Buss, of St. Gallen (Wallhalla), in the Republic of Switzerland,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
It is well known that in rapid running piston engines, especially such as are
mounted on weak and yielding frames, vibrations or oscillations are set, up,
owing to the inertia of the pistons and other parts, in the engine frame, which are
also communicated more or less to the building or the vehicle containing the
motor.
The present invention has for its object to prevent, or at any rate to render
as harmless as possible, these vibrations or oscillations, especially in those cases
in which they occur very severely, or act injuriously. In other words, the object
of the invention is a piston engine designed for high speed, and applicable
either as a steam engine, a carbonic acid engine, a compressed air engine, and
so forth, or as an explosion engine (petroleum, benzine, or gas motor and so forth).
The motor is moreover specially devised for use in self-propelled vehicles of all
kinds, and especially for motor cars, although of course this does not interfere
with its value as a stationary engine wherever such a use is desirable.
Assuming that a single cylinder horizontal piston engine (for instance a
petroleum engine) be suspended from pivoted rods in such a manner that the
entire engine can freely move in the direction of the horizontal cylinder axis,
almost without friction, and that the motor is running empty, so that it will
only have to overcome its own friction, which friction may be artificially in-
creased to any desired degree, and so that there occur no other forces in the
engine frame in the direction of the cylinder axis, except the inertia of the
moving parts, then if the machine is running fast the machine frame will
obviously not remain still, but will perform horizontal oscillations which will
at times coincide with the motions of the piston, and at other times be opposed
thereto, and will be so adjusted in their length that the common centre of
gravity of the machine frame on the one hand, and that of the moving masses
on the other hand, will remain stationary. Or in other words that the swing
of the machine frame will be proportioned to the absolute swinging of the
moving bodies (shortened by the length of the motion of the machine frame)
in inverse proportions to their respective masses.
If the machine frame, instead of being able to move freely and without
friction, be attached to a not very firm yielding building, or to a yielding
vehicle, then the entire building or vehicle will likewise undergo similar oscilla-
tions of shorter dimensions, and which by aid of the present invention can be
rendered entirely or almost innocuous. The moving masses of a piston motor
can be divided into two principal divisions. The first consists of the to and fro
moving parts, namely, the piston, the piston rod, the cross head, and a portion of
the connecting rod, and on the other hand in rotary parts, such as the crank,
and a portion of the connecting rod. The counterbalancing of the rotary parts
can always be effected by rotating balance weights of the proper dimensions

page_text: attached to the motor shaft, so as to counterpoise the cranks. This device for
the balancing of the rotary parts is also applied to the present engine. There
remains therefore only the problem of how to equalize or counterbalance the
to and fro moving parts.
The object of the present invention is essentially characterized by the circum
stance that the cylinder together with its prolongation if present, and all the
parts connected herewith, on one hand and the machine frame or the building or
vehicle in which the engine is placed on the other hand are not in rigid connection
one with another, so that proper supports therein permit the cylinder to make
only such motions which approximately coincide with the direction of the
cylinder axis, and that the cylinder, together with the parts connected there-
with during the operation of the machine does not remain at rest, but receives
by the actuation thereof oscillations or vibrations which at one time coincide
with the oscillations of the to and fro moving parts, but are normally opposed
thereto, and so proportioned that their length stands to the absolute vibrations
of the to and fro moving parts exactly or approximately inversely as their re-
spective masses. The to and fro motion (oscillation) herein characterized of
the cylinder and the accompanying parts can be obtained either from the motor
shaft or from the to and fro moving parts of the motor itself. In the case of
the relatively short oscillations within which the cylinder reciprocates it is
immaterial for the result whether the points which serve as guides move in
straight lines or in lengthened curves, and it is consequently also unimportant
whether exact straight guides or other guides are made use of.
Further, there may be distinguished two kinds of motor. The first in which
only the cylinder oscillates together with the parts connected therewith, and a
second kind in which, so to speak, the entire motor including the crank shaft
participates in the abovementioned oscillations.
The motor is illustrated in the drawings accompanying the Provisional
Specification in several modifications, and in these figures:-
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 shew sections of various patterns of piston motors.
Figures 1 and 4" shew plan views of the same, and
Figure 5 shews a side elevation of a motor.
In all these figures C indicates the cylinder, g the piston, P the piston rod,
the crank, W the crank shaft, G the frame or bed plate, or the vehicle to
which the motor belongs. Ca prolongation of the cylinder.
In all these figures the inlet and outlet pipe, as well as the controlling,
igniting and regulating devices for the machine are omitted, because all such
parts do not influence the working of the engine materially from the point
of view under discussion.
As the present invention is applicable to very different kinds of motors, and
as on the other hand various kinds of driving gear are suitable to convert the
motion of the to and fro moving parts of the motor into the required rotary
motion, the various constructional forms shewn in the drawings must be merely
regarded as individual examples of motors, the cylinder whereof is subject to
the beforementioned vibrations.
In a motor of the kind first above set forth the crank shaft runs in fixed
bearings, which are secured to the fixed bed plate, or to the building or vehicle
to which the motor belongs. The counterweights which serve to counterbalance
the rotating parts are shewn in the drawings on one or two of the figures, and
marked with the letter g in other figures, however, they are omitted for the
sake of clearness.
The constructional forms of the motor shewn in Figures 1, 1, 2, and 3 are
adapted to produce an exact balance, even of the unsymmetrical movement.
As guides for the cylinder C and its prolongation C, double guides have been
selected in all three modifications illustrated, so that the cylinder body C C¹ is
not only guided approximately in the direction of the cylinder axis, but also
approximately parallel to itself.

page_text: Figures 1 and 1" shew a form of motor in which the piston rod and cross
head are done away with, and the connecting rod is attached direct to the
piston, and in which the motor shaft is provided with a double crank.
From the body of the cylinder C there may be formed a forked prolonga-
tion C, the curved arms whereof are prolonged around the crank shaft, until
they reach to the opposite side of the said shaft. By way of example, straight
slides have been devised for these two figures in which the frictional surfaces, c
and run in corresponding grooves or straight channels n and n¹. Two fixed
bearings may be connected with the building G G indicated in the drawing
in conjunction with this form of motor. The motor shaft runs in these bearings
by means of two concentric parts of the shaft z. Further, the crank shaft may
be so formed that it possesses two other eccentric parts or cranks e e,
the
radius of the eccentricity of which is opposed to that of the principal cranks by
about 180°. Two eccentric or connecting rods p p of equal length may con-
nect the two parts e e with the fork arms forming part of the prolongation C
of the cylinder, in such a manner that the eccentric will convey to the straight
and parallel guided body C C¹ the oscillations above described.
In order to counterbalance the reciprocating parts, the radii or eccentricities
of the cranks ee should be so proportioned that they stand to the radius of the
principal crank approximately as the masses of the reciprocating parts stand
to the mass of the cylinder with its additional parts. An exact counterbalancing
of the unsymmetrical motion is attained by this construction if the length of
the eccentric rods 2 is proportioned to the length of the principal connecting
rod P, as the eccentricity of e is proportioned to the radius of the crank k
For the machines illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 a construction has beca
selected in which the piston q is provided with a piston rod and a cross head d,
and in which the prolongation C of the cylinder serves as the slide guide for
the cross head. Moreover, in both machines there have been provided for the
straight and parallel guidance of the cylinder body C C¹ two guides or pairs of
guides 11.
In the modification of the engine shewn in Figure 2 there may be added to
the shaft W of the pair of guides a further lever h (drawn sloping in the
figure) which lever is actuated by aid of a connecting rod p from a special
crank placed on the motor shaft. The crank may be placed at one end of
the shaft, or it may be formed by bending the said shaft. The shaft W with
the pair of guides is thus obliged to impart to the cylinder and its connections
the oscillating motion. The crank forms with the principal crank kan angle
differing considerably from 180°. In the constructional modification of the engine
shewn in Figure 3, the to and fro motion of the cylinder and its continua-
tion C C is obtained from the reciprocating parts of the motor. For this, any
suitable mechanism can be made use of which is capable of reversing the motion
of the reciprocating parts, and shortening it to the required extent. There
may also be arranged a double lever as the principal organ for this shorten-
ing and reversal of the motion, and a prolongation m may be attached to the
cross head d which actuates said double lever by means of a connecting rod a.
The short lever arm can act by means of its pivot on the cylinder prolonga-
tion C¹, and impart to this, and consequently to the cylinder itself the to and
fro motion.
The machine illustrated in Figures 4 and 4", is qualified to supply sufficient
counterbalancing of the reciprocating parts for most practical purposes; never-
theless, the balance is not an exact one because essentially only the symmetrical
part (pure sine motion) of the to and fro motion is counterbalanced. In this
case also, as in the case of Figures 1 and 1ª a motor construction is chosen in
which the connecting rod acts directly on the piston without the piston rod
and cross head, and in which the motor shaft is constructed as a double crank.
The cylinder prolongation C¹ can in this case consist essentially of two straight
arms. In this construction the cylinder with its prolongation C is not

page_text: .
moved parallel to itself. On the contrary, in this case only a line or axis drawn
at right angles to the cylinder axis C receives an approximately straight move-
ment. For this purpose there may be fixed on the side of the cylinder C two
co-axial pivots, and these may be guided by aid of two guides placed on a
i
common shaft. The crank shaft is in this case also constructed as in Figure 1*,
and so that it possesses two cranks e placed at an angle to the principal crank
of about 180°. Whilst the motor shaft with its concentric pivots revolves
in two bearings attached to the frame the two cranks e are impressed by the
forked arms of the cylinder prolongation C, which arms are provided with
proper bearings. In this manner the cylinder C with its prolongation C¹ is
actuated, and in such a manner that it performs the motion of a relatively long
connecting rod.
The circumstance that both constructions of the motor (Figures 1 and 4)
possess each two cranks e e arises exclusively from the particular form of motor
selected (a double crank motor with forked cylinder projection C¹). One of the
two cranks e can, however, always be avoided if provision is made for a suffi-
ciently rigid and solid guide of the cylinder C and prolongation C¹. In all the
modifications which have been indicated for the motor of the first kind it has
been presumed that the crank shaft W coincides its geometrical axis, with
the geometrical axis of the pivots zz revolving in fixed bearings, or in other
words that the said shaft W is coaxial with the pivots z. It may, however,
be desirable under certain circumstances to give the geometrical axis of the
shaft W another position, and for instance to cause it to coincide with the axes
of the eccentric or crank pivots e e. In this case it would be desirable to bore
out excentrically the wheel which has to transfer the rotary motion of the
shaft W, and which preferably consists of a gear wheel, or of a belt pulley,
and to connect it with the shaft W in such a manner that the said gear wheel,
belt pulley, or the like will run concentrically with the pivots ≈ 2. The motor
of the second kind may find a use especially in those cases in which it is desir-
able to have as small a hub as possible, or as short a track as possible for the
oscillating motion of the cylinder. A modification thereof is shewn in Figure 5.
The form chosen corresponds almost exactly with the motor forms, Figures 4
and 4. The cylinder C, Figure 5, with its prolongation C is in this case also
guided approximately parallel to itself, and the guides shewn in Figures 4
and 4 are arranged in two pairs and which are secured to two shafts ww1
secured to the building at right angles to the cylinder axis. The crank shaft
revolves by aid of concentric pivots in two bearings fixed to the forked arms
of the cylinder prolongation C, so that the crank shaft must participate in all
the movements of the cylinder C, and its prolongation C¹. Further, there is
attached to the crank shaft an eccentric or a short crank e which revolves
approximately equal with the main crank. The connecting rod p connects
the crank e with a fixed or immovable pivot attached to the building G. In
this manner the whole motor, together with its crank shaft W is compelled to
participate in the above indicated to and fro motion, which serves to counter-
balance an oscillating movement. If the fixed points be moved to the oppo-
site side of the crank shaft, and consequently be placed near the cylinder C
so that the connecting rod shewn on the right in the figure be placed to the left,
then the motor is capable of counterbalancing also the unsymmetrical motion.
In the drawings accompanying the Provisional Specification the cylinder C is
illustrated in all the figures as in the horizontal position, but the machine may
obviously also be applied for vertical and inclined positions of the cylinder.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. A quick stroke piston engine in which the cylinder instead of being rigidly

page_text: connected to the frame is movably supported thereon and receives from the
motor when at work to and fro motions (oscillations) which oscillations coincide
with the oscillations of the reciprocating parts and are opposed to the same
in the direction of their motion; said oscillations being so proportioned that they
balance those of the reciprocating parts or that their length in proportion to
the length of the oscillations of the said reciprocating parts is approximately
in inverse ratio to that of their respective mass; so that the common centre of
gravity of the cylinder together with the parts connected with it on the one hand,
and that of the reciprocating parts on the other hand, remains approximately
stationary.
2. A piston engine constructed and operating substantially as set forth in
Claim 1 in which the cylinder and its appurtenances are compulsorily moved
to and fro by the action of the crank shaft.
3. A piston engine constructed and operating substantially as set forth in
Claims 1 and 2 in which the cylinder and its appurtenances are actuated by cranks
or eccentrics placed approximately at 1800 with relation to the main cranks,
by aid of the connecting rods (p).
4. Alpiston engine constructed and operating substantially as set forth in
Claims 1 and 2, in which cranks or eccentrics not at an angle of 180° with
regard to the main cranks, effect the reciprocating motion of the cylinder and
appurtenances by the aid of intermediate pieces such as h, l, w, and so forth,
substantially as set forth.
5. A piston engine of the type set forth in Claim 1, in which the cylinder and
its appurtenances are driven from the reciprocating parts of the motor by the
aid of the intermediate parts (h) or the like.
6. In a piston engine of the type set forth in Claim 1, the method for balancing
and rendering inocuous the unsymmetrical oscillations by proportioning the
lengths of the connecting rods, substantially as described.
A piston engine constructed and operating substantially as set forth in
Claims and 5, in which the unsymmetrical oscillation also is balanced and
rendered innocuous by means of the reversal of the motion of the oscillating
parts, substantially as described and illustrated in Figure 3.
8. A piston engine constructed and operating substantially as set forth in
Claim 1, in which the transverse axis passing through the cylinder is kept
approximately in the plane of the cylinder axis, whilst a prolongation of the said
cylinder engages with the cranks (ce) placed approximately at an angle of 180°
with regard to the main cranks, so that the cylinder (CC) will receive a
motion approximating that of a relatively long piston rod.
9. A quick stroke piston motor in which in addition to the cylinder and
appurtenances, the crank shaft (W) also, instead of being in bearings rigidly
connected with the building or vehicle to which the motor belongs, is supported
by the aid of slides or the like such as (1) approximately in the direction of the
cylinder axis and acted on by the parts for the imparting of oscillating
motion, substantially as set forth.
Total the 2nd love of Varamber 1800
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of London, Liverpool, Manchester, and Birmingham.