Improvements in Centrifugal Machines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 29th May, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 28th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 29th July, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Centrifugal Machines.
I, WILLIAM JOHN MUNDEN, of 106 Priory Park Road, Kilburn, in the
County of London, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in centrifugal machines, by the use of
which improvements I am enabled in the first place to reach higher speeds, (and
consequently develop greatly increased centrifugal force) than heretofore; and
secondly to secure a difference of temperature between the outer and inner vessels
of centrifugal machines. The latter applies only to machines in which the inner
vessel is heated, or where the contents are in a heated or molten condition.
In the first case the revoluble vessel or "basket" is enclosed by an outer
stationary casing, and in the space between the two, air, or other suitable fluid or
liquid is forced under pressure. It is retained in the space by a more or less
airtight joint or joints being formed between the fixed and revoluble parts by the
bearing or bearings, or by packed glands, or equivalents thereto, and any diminution
in the air pressure in the space consequent upon the escape of a portion of the air
or other fluid may be compensated by forcing in fresh air or other fluid in sufficient
quantity to maintain such pressure as may be desirable. Or a continuous flow of
air or other fluid at the desired pressure may be produced through the space between
the fixed and the revoluble vessels. By thus maintaining a suitable pressure upon
the exterior surface of the revoluble vessel or "basket" I balance or counteract the
centrifugal force resulting from the rotation of the vessel and its contents, and am
thus enabled to reach velocities hitherto unattainable, and limited only by the
tensile strength of the material composing the outer fixed casing.
I sometimes use a number of concentric outer casings, and maintain different
air-pressures in each of the air spaces thus formed.
In the second case the air, water or other fluid or liquid under pressure is forced
between two revoluble concentric vessels or casings, thus forming a cooling layer
between an inner hot, and an outer cold casing; and I sometimes cause a continuous
flow of air, water, or other suitable fluid, or liquid through the space between
the vessels.
Dated this 20th den of Move 1801
WILLIAM J. MUNDEN.
Improvements in Centrifugal Machines.
I WILLIAM JOHN MUNDEN of 106 Priory Park Road, Kilburn in the County
of London Consulting Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in centrifugal machines, by the use of
which improvements 1 am enabled in the first place to reach higher speeds, (and

page_text: consequently develop greatly increased centrifugal force) than heretofore, and
secondly, to secure a difference of temperature between the outer and inner vessels
of centrifugal machines. The latter applies only to machines in which the inner
vessel is heated, or where the contents are in a heated or molten condition.
In the first case the revoluble vessel or "basket" is enclosed by an outer
stationary casing and into the space between the two, air or other suitable fluid or
liquid is forced under pressure. It is retained in the space by a more or less air
tight joint or joints being formed between the fixed and revoluble parts, by the
bearing or bearings, or by packed glands, or equivalents thereto; and any
diminution in the air pressure in this space consequent upon the escape of a portion
of the air or other fluid, may be compensated by forcing in fresh air or other fluid,
in sufficient quantity to maintain such pressure as may be desirable.
Or a
continuous flow of air or other fluid at the desired pressure may be produced
through the space between the fixed and the revoluble vessels.
maintaining a suitable pressure upon the exterior surface of the revoluble vessel or
basket,' balance or counteract the centrifugal force resulting from the rotation
of the vessel and its contents, and am thus enabled to reach velocities hitherto
unatainable and limited only by the tensile strength of the material composing the
outer fixed casing.
66
By thus
I sometimes use a number of concentric outer casings, and maintain different air
pressures in each of the spaces thus formed.
In the second case the air, water, or other fluid or liquid under pressure is forced
between two revoluble concentric vessels or casings, thus forming a cooling layer
between an inner hot, and an outer cold casing; and I sometime cause a continuous
flow of air, water or other suitable fluid or liquid through the space between
the vessels.
In the accompanying drawings the revoluble parts are distinguished by the
section lines running from top right to bottom left corners of the drawings, while
the stationary parts have their section lines running from top left: to bottom right
corners.
Figure 1. is a plan, and
Figure 2 is a vertical section through the centre of a centrifugal machine
according to my invention.
Figure 3. is a vertical section of a modified form. of the upper bearing.
Figure 4. is a vertical section of a centrifugal machine having central openings
both above and below.
Figure 5. is a vertical section of a centrifugal machine with three casings.
Figure 6. is a vertical section of a centrifugal vessel or basket, composed of two
concentric casings, with an air space between them.
A. is a revoluble vessel or "basket," which is rigidly fixed to, or formed integral
with, a vertical spindle B, which passing through the bearing ', in the underside
of the stationary casing C, has thus an under bearing formed for it. The vessel A
is composed of the body a, the mouth or neck a¹ and the upper journal a², which
runs in the bearing formed by the opening in the casing C. The casing C
surrounds the whole of the revoluble vessel A and between the two a space is left
which forms a chamber X. The bottom or base plate C¹ is rigidly fixed to the
casing C in such manner as to make this chamber X air tight, and the
bearings c and c¹ may be packed by glands or other suitable devices for the same
purpose, but in the drawings no glands are shewn, and the true fitting of
the bearings c and c is depended upon to prevent or reduce to a minimum, the
escape of the compressed air or other fluid from the chamber X. Any diminution
in the pressure may be made up by forcing in an additional quantity of air
(compressed to any extent required) by an air pump communicating with the air
pipe c³, and in some cases I mount or fix a safety valve c, of any suitable kind, which
being loaded secures the exact degree of pressure required. The distance as shewn
between the revoluble vessel and the casing is small, but this may be increased to
any convenient and suitable extent.

page_text: attached to the inner vessel in such manner, as to form an air tight space or
chamber between them, the contents of which support the inner vessel, and keep
the outer vessel cool, substantially as shewn and described with reference to
Figure 6.
Dated this 28th day of February 1895.
WILLIAM J. MUNDEN.