Year: 1898

page_text: CHARLES TAYLOR, and GEORGE BENJAMIN TAYLOR, Engineers, Bartholomew
Street, Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Our invention relates to improvements in chucks for lathes and similar machines.
The objects of the invention are 1st to apply the gripping pressure as nearly as
possible behind the article to be held. 2nd, to enable an article to be held or
released by a single movement of a lever. 3rd. To enable the intensity of the jaw
pressure to be varied as required. 4th. To enable an article to be held or released
while the machine is either running or stationary as may be desired.
We make the chuck with two or more jaws as required and of the ordinary shape,
except that each jaw has a slot cut in its centre and extending from the outer end to
within a short distance of the inner end. Within each of these slots is placed a
short rod free to oscillate at the inner ends of the jaw slots and having its outer end
jointed into a ring sliding upon the body of the chuck, in such a manner that a
forward movement of the ring closes the jaws. On the return movement of the ring
the jaws are opened by springs placed in any convenient position, or the above
mentioned short rods may be so jointed to the chuck jaws and the sliding ring as to
open the jaws without the necessity of using springs. The sliding ring is operated to
and fro by a lever in a manner well known to mechanics.
Signed CHARLES TAYLOR.
GEORGE BENJAMIN TAYLOR.
We, CHARLES TAYLOR and GEORGE BENJAMIN TAYLOR, Engineers, both of
Bartholomew Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to chucks having movable gripping jaws, and consists in the
improvements hereinafter defined with the aid of the accompanying sheets of drawings,
upon which reference letters are placed to indicate the different parts. In the said
sheets of drawings a cross section of a two jawed chuck constructed according to this
invention, and with the jaws in their gripping position, is illustrated in Fig. 1, a like
cross section being shown in Fig. 2 but with the jaws in their positions for releasing
the article.
A front-side elevation in part section of the chuck Figs. 1 and 2 is shown

page_text: in Fig. 3, whilst a slight modification of the fitting of the parts according to this
invention is shown in Fig. 4 by a portion of a cross section similar to Fig. 1.
One of the objects of the improvements hereinafter defined is that the gripping
pressure of the jaws is applied as near as possible behind the article held, and when
greatest in a direct line with the jaws longitudinal axis, so that the gripping surface
of each jaw closes evenly upon the article held; another object is the extent to
which the jaw pressure upon the article can be varied so that thin metal hollowware,
glass and such like can be held without fracture; whilst, further, the article can be
gripped or released by the chuck whilst running, and by the operation of a single
element such as a lever.
Referring to the Figs. of the sheets of drawings a is the chuck's body, and c, c are
the jaws or jaw carriers working in suitable ways or grooves formed within its front
face a², false jaws such as being preferably rigidly carried upon the jaw c as the
gripping media for the article. The inner ends c2 of the jaws c c are, in the
form of chuck Figs. 1 to 3, fitted with springs e e for opening the said jaws
automatically immediately the gripping pressure upon them is relieved, so that
normally the jaws are open. The jaws c, c are fitted in their ways as ordinarily,
but a slot or cut-away part c is machined in each from the back face c¹ and
outer end c5 to accomodate a short rod or post g whose one end 72 seats itself
within the bottom g3 of the said cut-way part and whose other end g4 is jointed,
by resting in a seating 95, to a sliding ring or its equivalent i which is fitted
externally over the body a of the chuck so as to be capable of a backward and
forward movement, without rotation independent of the chuck. These short rods or
posts have an oscillating or rocking movement between the seatings g³ g5 when
the ring is moved forward or rearward to either force the, jaws to grip the article
or to enable them to free it, and their ends g2 gt are preferably semi-circular as shown
so that the length of the said rods between their seatings cannot vary. The ring i when
moved, preferably by a forked lever which engages a ring groove m formed on its
circumference, operates the jaws c, and allows them to be moved collectively, no
matter what number of jaws are arranged upon the chuck, by impinging upon or
relieving the pressure equally upon each and every oscillating rod or rocking post,
and the amount of the grip of the jaws upon the articles is regulated by the amount
of traverse in a forward direction the said ring has upon its mounting, but in every
case the grip of the jaws is greatest when the rods g are in a direct longitudinal line
with the jaws. When operating the jaws for gripping the ring can be made to move
up to a stop (not shown), which may be adjustable. The ring i rotates with the
chuck but not independent of it, it only having a sliding movement independent
thereof.
In the modification shown in Fig. 4 the springs e e for automatically opening the
jaws c are dispensed with. Instead thereof the jaws c and the ring i are connected
to the oscillating or rocking rods or posts g by connection pins o, o2, fitted at each
end to have a freedom of movement in slots 03 formed in the said jaws and in
the ring, so that on the last named sliding rearwardly the jaws c are withdrawn by
the movement.
It is obvious that a chuck with more than two jaws can be constructed according
to this invention, and also that the ring i can be automatically operated if desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
First. A chuck with movable jaws characterised by a ring or its equivalent rotating
with the chuck body and having seatings within it but having an independent sliding
movement upon the said body, jaws or jaw carriers working in suitable ways in the
chuck and having within them suitable seatings, and oscillating rods or rocking posts
working between the said seatings in the jaws and ring so as to communicate move
ment from the one to the other substantially as described.

page_text: Second. In jawed chucks the combination with the body a of movable jaws or jaw
carriers c having slots or cut-away parts c³ within them a ring such as i fitted to slide
independently upon the chuck body but rotating therewith and oscillating rodsor rocking
posts y disposed between the said jaws c and ring i and working between them upon
suitable seatings for the purpose and in the manner substantially as described and set
forth in Figs. I to 4.
Third. A jawed chuck provided with parts c i and g constructed fitting and working
in combination as set forth in Figs. 1 to 3.
Fourth. A jawed chuck provided with parts ci and g connected together and
working in the manner set forth in Fig. 4.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
11, Burlington Chambers, New Street, Birmingham,
also of Liverpool, London and Manchester,
Patent Agents for the Applicants.
W. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
11, Burlington Chambers, New Street, Birmingham,
also of Liverpool, London and Manchester,
Patent Agents for the Applicants.