Improvements in and relating to the Let-off and Take-up Motions of Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 28th May, 1894-Accepted, 28th July, 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to the Let-off and Take-up Motions of
Looms for Weaving.
I, EMIL SCHRABETZ, of 22 Elisabethstrasse, Vienna I, in the Empire of
Austria, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to looms and comprises a regulator which is applied to the
cloth beam or the auxiliary beam to the cloth beam, or the warp beam and is
designed for automatically turning these parts exactly in accordance with the
progress of the work.
In the accompanying drawings similar parts are designated by corresponding
letters of reference, and the regulator is represented at the moment when the
regulation is effected and the turning of the beam just begins.
This improved regulator consists in the main of a ratchet wheel A, Figure 4,
the axis of which carries a worm B engaging with a worm wheel D secured
upon the axis of the beam C. To the ratchet lever E is pivoted a feeler F
whose end, provided with a knife edge, is displaced in front of a toothed sector G
in such a manner that it may be brought into engagement between the fulcrum
and end of the said sector for the purpose of changing the velocity ratio.
÷
During part of a revolution of the loom the sector makes an oscillatory
movement, and in consequence of the change in the velocity ratio the ratchet
wheel according to the adjustment of the feeler F will be advanced from nil to
any desired extent.
Prior to the oscillation the feeler F is under the action of a feeling lever H
designed for ascertaining at a suitable point the length of warp used, or, which
amounts to the same thing as regards the relation, the rate of the production of
fabric, and for acting upon the feeler F accordingly.
In like manner the roll upon the cloth beam is taken into account, in which the
length of fabric produced shows itself in the thickness of the roll.
The movement of the toothed sector may be produced by any part of the loom,
preferably by the main shaft P with the aid of the cam K. The feeler may also
be jointed to the sector and the ratchet lever may be toothed.
It will thus be seen that in the first phase the adjustment of the regulator takes
place by means of sensitive parts without the expenditure of power, whilst in the
second phase the beam is turned in a suitable manner.
Figure 1 is a side view, and
Figure 2 a view from above, in which C designates the cloth beam.
The feeler f, toothed sector g, feeling lever h constitute a similar regulating
device for the roll on the cloth beam.
G', g', are crank levers attached to the sectors G, g and situated either above or
below the latter.
J is a push rod which receives its motion from a cam K.
The feeling lever H acting upon the feeler F is not shown and for the sake of
clearness the ascertaining (reading off) of the progress of the work and the
operation of the parts L and M will be described with the next simplified
arrangement.
Supposing now the feeler F to be adjusted in accordance with the progress of
the work, the sector G in the further turning movement of the cam K will oscillate
and cause the feeler F to advance; this will move the second sector g and feeler f
and finally the ratchet wheel A, and the feeler f must then be placed so that the

page_text: cloth beam will advance at its periphery to an extent corresponding to the length
of fabric produced.
This adjustment takes place by the feeling lever h¹ whose end h¹ engages with
a slot in the feeler f, while the arm / bears upon the roll.
Assuming now that the beam has already been completely wound with cloth
while the progress of the work is exactly the same as before, the feeling lever h h¹
will, with proper dimensions cause the feeler f to move towards the axis of the
sector, thus diminishing the velocity ratio to such an extent that the forward
movement of the cloth beam will remain the same. These relations hold good also
for all the intermediate positions of the feeling lever h.
As will be seen, the feeling lever H, feeler F and sector G alter the velocity
ratio with regard to the progress of the work on the one hand, while the feeling
lever h, feeler fand sector g modify the velocity ratio also with regard to the
progress of the work on the other hand, that is to say the progressive rolling up.
The feeler is slotted in order that during the forward movement by the sector g,
it will not act upon the arm h', whilst during the return movement to the position of
rest it will be suitably adjusted with respect to the arm h¹.
If according to Figure 3 showing a side view and Figure 4 showing a view from
above the worm wheel D is fixed upon the auxiliary beam C of the cloth beam the
arrangement is simplified by the suppression of the parts f g g¹h h¹, and the feeler F
is attached directly to the ratchet lever E.
After the explanation already given this arrangement will be readily understood
without further description.
As regards the progress of the work in this and the previous instance the
ascertaining (reading off) takes place by reason of the fact that the reed a
Figure 3 is not fixed in the batten but is pressed back below in proportion as
the weft is thicker or thinner or as, the warp is used. Under these circumstances
the feeling lever H, under the action of the spring through the intervention
of the movable pin c, remains continually in contact with the reed a and places
the feeler Fin a corresponding position.
For the proper operation it is therefore necessary that the reed shall offer quite
a uniform resistance throughout its length and shall have a uniform repulse, this
being obtained by a balanced spring pressure, which must however act only at
the moment the reed beats up the weft, the said pressure requiring to be
withdrawn at other times in order to leave the reed free in case the shuttle
should have remained behind in the shed.
Figures 5 to 7 show such an arrangement, Figure 5 being a front view of a
symmetrical half, and Figure 6 a section while Figure 7 indicates the position
when the batten is moved back.
Against the lower part of the reed bears the bar d which is carried by links e
pivoted to the batten N. On the batten are likewise supported the two three-
armed levers. The arms are uniformly pressed against the bar d by means
of the draw rods k, the bell-crank levers arranged on the rocking trees N¹ of the
batten and the spring m. The arms are connected by means of draw rods n to a
point placed eccentrically to the pivot of the batten.
By reason of this arrangement the arm i liberates the bar when the batten is
moved back, so that this bar when pushed back by the reed allows the latter to
move freely as indicated by arrows.
The thicker the weft, that is to say the more fabric produced, the further will
the feeler F will be moved forward by the feeling arm H, Figure 4. As the next
weft may be thinner or even omitted altogether, the feeler F must be replaced in the
starting position for the next regulation, in order to again come at all events in
contact with the feeling lever H.
At the same time the ratchet lever E shall effect its return movement; although
this may be obtained by a special spring it is expedient to perform these operations
also by the toothed sector.

page_text: L, Figure 4, designates a pivoted hook which in the oscillating movement of the
toothed sector takes hold of the nose o on the lever M.
The end of the feeler F is now caught during the return movement of the sector.
in the fork p in the lever M and brought to the starting position indicated in dotted
lines, the ratchet lever being also carried back.
Then the nose a throws out the hook L, and the lever M moves back under the
action of a spring.
The return movement of the sector G may take place by the action of a spring
or by a grooved disc in lieu of a cam K.
The arrangement is further simplified in its application to the warp beam C,
as shown by Figure 8 in side view, by Figure 9 in view from above and by
Figure 10 in section taken in front of the feeling lever, inasmuch as further parts
are dispensed with.
The ascertaining of the progress of the work for regulating the warp beam is
effected by passing the warp underneath a tension roller r which is supported in
two levers st secured to a common axis, for which purpose the roller O is preferably
employed.
One or both these levers are weighted.
It is simpler to weight only one levers and allow the second levert simply to
act upon the feeling lever.
The tension roller will be higher or lower according as the
therefore the lever t acts upon the feeling lever H and feeler F.
little and will then be lowered again in the next regulation.
warp is used,
It will rise a
The feeler will remain pretty quiet in its position, if the unwinding of the warp
takes place simultaneously with the winding up of the same (in the fabric).
If such a regulator is also used for the winding up, this may very easily be
attained by placing the corresponding cams K accordingly.
Then the warp given off by the regulation will correspond to the fabric wound
up, so that but slight differences are experienced at the lever t.
Since the feeler must not in this case be brought each time to the starting position,
but remains within reach of the feeling lever, the latter embraces the feeler with
a little play, and the lever M Figure 4 is dispensed with, while the hook L is
arranged to play on the feeler bolt.
As with an open shed the stationary part of the warp would be torn under the
action of the tension roller during the change of shed it is necessary to put the
roller out of action during this period. This is accomplished by providing on
the lever sa pawl u Figure 11 which during the period of the regulation is raised
by the arm fixed to the shaft P, but becomes free during the period of the
unwinding and formation of the shed and falls upon the toothed support w which
bears upon the cam x.
This cam then raises the support w a little, thereby relieving the warp. At the
proper moment the support w is lowered in order to liberate the pawl u for the
disengagement by the arm v.
Instead of the pawl u use may be made of several eccentric pawls u', Figure 12,
one of which will drop between the lever s and support w according to the position
of the lever. In this case the support w may be stationary and the cam & may be
dispensed with.
The feeling lever may be replaced by any kind of lever or a combination of
levers for obtaining the desired velocity ratio. In fact, the part a in Figure 3,
which can turn about the upper point of support, constitutes the element of such a
combination.
While for instance the feeling lever in Figure 3 has its pivot on the moving part
and in Figure 8 in the frame the pivot may also be stationary in Figure 3.
Only the part c need traverse the batten and strike outside against the lever end,
while in Figure 8 the pivot may be on t and the stop on the frame.
In this problem the object is only to transform a small movement by means of
feeling levers into a greater movement.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is --
First. In looms the driving of the beam through the intervention of one or more
toothed sectors feelers and ratchet levers, by a ratchet wheel, worm and worm
wheel with change in the velocity ratio (without back-lash), in order to regulate
the movement of the beam in accordance with the progress of the work, for which
purpose the feeler, by means of a feeling lever or a combination of feeling levers,
is brought into relation either with the roll on the cloth beam, or with the reed,
or with the tension roller lever.
Second. In looms a device for uniformly pressing the reed with regard to the
periodical disengagement of the pressing part, comprising the reed bar and two
three-armed levers placed on the one hand under the action of a spring and on the
other hand connected to a point outside the axis of the batten.
Third. In looms a device for bringing back the feeler to the starting position
by the sector with the aid of a draw hook and forked lever, or with the aid of a
looped link.
Fourth. In looms a device for relieving the warp by means of the arm bearing
upon a cam and the pawl suspended from a weighted lever, in combination with
the pawl-disengaging device.
Dated this 28th day of May 1894
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.