IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING BLAST TO BLAST FURNACES CUPOLAS AND OTHER FURNACES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Don Pástor Pérez do la Sala of Sevilla House, Navarino
Road Hackney in the County of Middlesex for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING BLAST TO BLAST FURNACES CUPOLAS
AND OTHER FURNACES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Don Pástor Pérez do la
Sala at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th July 1883.
DON PÁSTOR PÉREZ DE LA SALA of Sevilla House, Navarino Road Hackney
in the County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING
BLAST TO BLAST FURNACES CUPOLAS AND OTHER FURNACES
"
This Invention relates to apparatus for the efficient distribution of air currents
into blast furnaces, cupolas or other kind of furnaces.
By the use of the apparatus a greater economy of time, fuel and labour may be
effected in all inelting and smelting works.
For distributing the blast I make use of chambers of suitable shape to which
chambers I give the name of "blast distributors."
The "blast distributors" may be partially embedded into the walls of the
furnace so that they may become heated or they may be placed entirely outside
the said walls.
Outside the walls the "blast distributors" have one or more holes or openings
made into them to which the mouth or mouths of the main blast pipes are adjusted.
Two or more smaller holes or openings are also made at other convenient places into
the said "blast distributors
to which are adjusted tubes for the distribution of
the hot or cold air to the interior of the furnaces.
"
The tubes are bent so that their ends may be coupled to the ends of the tuyeres
or air passages by which the blast is conveyed through the furnace walls into the
interior of the furnace. The tubes may be made telescopic to facilitate their
adjustment to the tuyeres or air passages.
Where the tubes branch out-from the blast distributor I locate valves or sliding
plates by which the volume of air passed into the furnace through each tube can

page_text: be regulated. In this way a normal, regular and equal melting or smelting of
metals or ores at all parts of the furnace may be obtained.
At the outside of the curve or angle of the said tubes, eye holes are placed and
covered by the usual colored glass plates, so that through them the intensity of
combustion may be ascertained or whether any kind of obstruction stops the free
currents of air into the furnaces.
To remove obstructions, the eye hole frames can be opened, detached or slid aside
to allow of a rod or bar being passed through the pipes or tuyeres to clear away
the obstructing matters.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Don Pástor Pérez de la Sala in the Patent Office on the
26th January 1884.
DON PASTOR PÉREZ DE LA SALA of Sevilla House Navarino Road Hackney in
the County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING
BLAST TO BLAST FURNACES CUPOLAS AND OTHER FURNACES
"
This Invention relates to apparatus for the efficient distribution of air currents
into blast furnaces, cupolas cr other kind of furnaces.
By the use of the apparatus a great economy of time, fuel and labour may be
effected in all melting and smelting works.
For distributing the blast I make use of chambers of suitable shape to which
chambers I give the name of "Blast distributors"
The "blast distributors" may be partially embedded into the walls of the
furnace so that they may become heated or they may be placed entirely outside
the said walls.
Outside the walls the "blast distributors" have one or more holes or openings
made into them to which the mouth or mouths of the main blast pipes are adjusted.
Two or more smaller holes or openings are also made at other convenient places
into the said "blast distributors" to which are adjusted tubes for the distribution
of the hot or cold air to the interior of the furnaces.
The tubes are bent so that their ends may be coupled to the ends of the tuyeres
or air passages by which the blast is conveyed through the furnace walls into the
interior of the furnace. The tubes may be made telescopic to facilitate their
adjustment to the tuyeres or air passages.
Where the tubes branch out from the blast distributor I locate valves or sliding
plates by which the volume of air passed into the furnace through each tube can
be regulated. In this way a normal regular and equal melting or smelting of
metals or ores at all parts of the furnace may be obtained.

page_text: At the outside of the curve or angle of the said tubes, eye holes are placed and
covered by the usual colored glass plates so that through them the intensity of
combustion may be ascertained or whether any kind of obstruction stops tho free
currents of air into the furnaces.
To remove obstructions the eye hole frames can be opened detached or slid aside
to allow of a rod or bar being passed through the pipes or tuyeres to clear away
the obstructing matters:
In order that my said invention may be fully understood I have in the
Drawings hereunto annexed shown apparatus constructed as abovo described.
Figure 1 represents a front view one-half in section of a blast distributor
suitable for being used with a cold blast furnace.
Figure 2 shows a plan view of the same, also one-half in section.
In these figures A is a box or case of iron or other suitable material it is shown
to be rectangular in cross section but it might be of other shape.
At the front of the case is an opening B to which the main blast pipe is to be
adjusted. Branching out from the sides of the case are also bent branch tubes C.
I have shown the case to be provided with three such branches but other number
of branches may be provided according to the size of the blast furnace to which
they are to be applied.
Each branch is provided with a slide plate or valve to regulate the amount of
air allowed to pass into the furnace through that branch. These plates or valves
may either be placed at the end of the branch tubes or at the point where they
diverge from the case A. The ends of the branch tubos are to be fitted to the
outer ends of the tuyeres which pass through-the side walls into the furnace.
In the front side of each of the branches is an opening fitted with a door
through the centre of which is a hole glazed with a glass plate so that through it
not only may the intensity of combustion be ascertained but also whether any
kind of obstruction is lodged in or in front of the tuyere. If it is seen that any
one of the tuyeres has become obstructed the door at the front of the branch tube
leading to such tuyere can be opened to allow of a rod being inserted to remove
the obstruction.
Or in case the molten metal should have reached the level of the tuyere a
stopper may be inserted into the mouth of the tuyere so as to close it.
The inner end of the chamber A is to be embedded in the walls of the furnaco
so that it may become highly heated and thereby heat the blast before it
through the tuyeres into the furnace.
passes
When the blast distributor is intended to be used with a hot blast furnace it is
unnecessary to further heat the blast. The inner portion of the chamber A may
therefore in this case be suppressed and the chamber made to terminate at the
dotted line F shown in Figure 2; the whole of the apparatus would then be fixed
outside of the walls of the furnace.
At Figure 3 I have shown a horizontal section of a blast furnace or cupola fitted
with three blast distributors which are slightly modified in form-the section is
taken through the lower line of tuyeres.
Figure 4 is a vertical elevation one half in section of a cupola fitted with blast
distributors in the way shewn at Figure 3.
In the blast distributor shewn in these figures the lower branch tubes are made
telescopic to facilitate the adjustment of these branch tubes to bring them opposito
to the ends of the tuyeres. Any or all of the branch tubes can be made telescopio
if desired.
The valves D with which each branch is fitted may either be placed in the
positions shown by full lines or they may be in the position shewn by the dotted
lines at D. In place of employing sliding plates to form the valves-the valves
may be composed of discs as shewn at Figure 3* which can either be set crosswiso
of the branches to close the passage through them or lengthwise so as to leave the
passage through the branches open. The doors at the front of the branches may
also be formed in the manner shewn in this figure.

page_text: Figure 5 shews on a larger scale a front elevation one-half in section of the
blast distributor shewn at Figures 3 and 4.
Figuro 6 is a side elevation of the same.
Figure 7 is a horizontal section of the chamber A.
This apparatus differs only from the construction of apparatus shewn in
Figures 1 and 2 in that the box A is extended a distance upwards so that three
tiers of branch tubes if required may be led off from it at different elevations in
örder that should the level of the metal rise above the lower tuyeres these tuyeres
may be stopped and the blast continued to be passed through the upper tuyeres.
All of the branch tubes may be made telescopic in the way shewn with respect to
the bottom row of tuyeres.
By employing an air chamber to which the blast is in the first instance conveyed
by the main blast pipo and by leading off branch tubes from this chamber to the
several tuyeres and fitting each of these branch tubes with a valve by which the
passage of blast through it may be shut off or controlled the distribution of the
blast in the furnace is greatly improved and the reduction or melting of the metal
can be effected with a less expenditure of fuel than was heretofore practicable.
Also by fitting a door and sight hole at the front of each branch tubo great
facility is at the same time given for keeping the furnace in proper working
order.
Having thus described the nature of my invention and the manner of performing
the same I would have it understood that I claim the improvements herein before
described in the construction of apparatus for distributing blast to blast furnaces
cupolas and other furnaces.
In witness whereof I the said Don Pástor Pérez de la Sala have hereunto set
my hand and seal this twenty second day of January in the year of our Lord One
"thousand eight hundred-and-eighty-four-