IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NIGHTLIGHTS to be as follows:-
Year: 1885

page_text: I, SAMUEL CLARKE of the Child's Hill Works in the County of Middlesex,
Candle and Nightlight Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NIGHTLIGHTS to be as follows:-
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of nightlights,
and relates especially to nightlights having a wick consisting of a strip of rush with
the bark left on one side only. This is done with the intention of causing the top
of the wick to turn out of the flame. Such nightlights have heretofore been made
by casting the fatty material onto the wick itself. But for reasons which it is
unnecessary here to state there is great difficulty in obtaining a perfect nightlight
of this class in this manner.
I overcome these difficulties by casting the mass of fatty material with a wire in
place instead of the wick. I then withdraw the wire and insert a strip of rush.
I leave the rush projecting beneath the mass of fat and I cast plaster of Paris
around it to form the base to the nightlight.
I form the block of fatty matter with a conical projection at the top as in an
ordinary Pyramid nightlight of my manufacture, the object of this is to prevent
the rush from being bent and semi-broken close down to the body of the fat which
would prevent the wick from being readily lighted.
Where considerable light and heat is required I cast the block of fatty material
upon a flat wire and after drawing this wire I insert a strip of rush divided down
the centre and with the bark removed on two opposite sides-this in burning forms
two wicks. Similarly I make a nightlight with four wicks inserting after the
wire has been withdrawn a rush divided longitudinally into four strips.
1007
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I SAMUEL CLARKE of the Child's Hill Works in the County of Middlesex,
Candle and Nightlight Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF NIGHT LIGHTS to be as follows:-
"
This invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of night
lights, and relates especially to night lights having a wick consisting of a strip of
rush with the bark left on one side only. This is done with the intention of
causing the top of the wick to turn out of the flame. Such night lights have
heretofore been made by casting the fatty material on to the wick itself. But for
reasons which it is unnecessary here to state there is great difficulty in obtaining
a perfect night light of this class in this manner.
I overcome these difficulties by casting the mass of fatty material with a wire in
place instead of the wick. I then withdraw the wire and insert a strip of rush.
I leave the rush projecting beneath the mass of fat and I cast Plaster of Paris
around it to form the base to the night light.
I form the block of fatty matter with a conical projection at the top as in an
ordinary Pyramid night light of my manufacture the object of this is to prevent
the rush from being bent and semibroken close down to the body of the fat which
would prevent the wick from being readily lighted.
Where considerable light and heat is required I cast the block of fatty material
upon a flat wire and after drawing this wire I insert a strip of rush divided down
the centre and with the bark removed on two opposite sides-this in burning forms
two wicks. Similarly I make a night light with four wicks inserting after the
wire has been withdrawn a rush divided longitudinally into four strips.
In order that my said invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side elevation and Figure 2 is a vertical section of a night light
mould such as I employ in the manufacture of my improved night lights. Figures 3
show a wick suitable for the same. Figures 4 show another form of wick Figure 5
is a section of the finished night light. The mould consists of a barrel a which
receives into it a moveable lower end b having a stem b¹ and also a moveable
cover c in which are apertures c¹ c¹ one for filling the mould with the melted fatty
material and the other for the escape of air from the mould. The cover c also has
a hole in it for the passage of the wire d and the lower end of the wire enters
another hole bored centrally through the stem b¹. After the mould has been filled
and the fatty matter has solidified and the excess has been scraped off, the moveable
end b is raised by means of its stem b' and so the moulded block of fatty material
is ejected from the mould. It will be understood that as is usual numerous moulds
are arranged in a frame and all are filled at the same time. It is as will be seen
the lower end of the mould which gives the form to the upper surface of the night
light having the conical or tapering projection for protecting the wick,

page_text: The wire d is drawn out leaving a hole through the mass of fatty material and
into the hole a wick is inserted consisting of a strip of rush having the bark left
on one side. This wick is represented in Figures 3 and the bark is indicated by
the thick line e; on the other side of the wick is the pith f of the rush. When the
night light is burned the wick deflects towards the side on which the bark is left.
The mass of fatty matter is placed within a cylindrical envelope of paper gas is
usual in making night lights of this class and liquid plaster of Paris is poured in to
fill the projecting end of the envelope; the night light being then in an inverted
position as it is represented in Figure 5. The projecting end of the rush wick
becomes embedded in the plaster and this fixes it in place.
Sometimes I make a two wick night light the wick being then a strip of rush
with the bark left on two sides and divided down the middle as is represented by
Figures 4. Similarly a triple or quadruple wick may be produced and such wicks
may be used with advantage in night lights to be principally employed for heating
purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The process for the manufacture of night lights, which consists in casting upon
a wire a cylindrical mass of fatty material having a conical or tapering projection
from its upper surface, withdrawing the said wire and inserting in its place a rush
wick; also surrounding the mass with a wrapper projecting beyond it on the
under side and filling this projecting part of the wrapper with plaster all
substantially as herein described.