Improvements in the Manufacture of Preservative Driers and Drying Compounds for Varnishes, Oils, and the like.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th July, 1893-Accepted, 23rd Sept., 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Preservative Driers and Drying
Compounds for Varnishes, Oils, and the like.
A communication by THOMAS GIBSON HOJER, of 936, Third Avenue, in the City,
County, and State of New York, United States of America, Merchant.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the Agency for
Foreign Patent Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpool and 6, Bank Street,
Manchester, both in the County of Lancaster, and 323 High Holborn, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to the manufacture of a drying compound for use in the
manufacture of varnishes, in the preparation of oils for the use of the varnish
maker, and for kindred uses where a drier is required.
In carrying out this invention in the preferred manner, a soluble salt of manganese,
preferably the sulphate or chloride, is dissolved in water, and then, to this solution,
powdered, slaked lime is slowly added and stirred so as to thoroughly incorporate.the
lime with the solution.
It is not found necessary to employ exact proportions of the ingredients in order
to produce a good drier, but it is preferred to employ an excess of lime over that
which will in the reaction be converted into a calcium salt, for reasons that will be
explained.
Although not essential to produce a good result, it is preferable to employ lime
slaked with just enough water to convert it into a powder.
The mixture of lime and manganese solution should be stirred until the mass
becomes perceptibly darker in color than it was at first, after which it is dried and
powdered, and is ready for use.
The combining proportions of the ingredients used are 151 parts of the manganese
sulphate to 74 parts of lime; and, after the reaction, the mixture will contain
calcium sulphate and hydrated manganese dioxide. If an excess of lime is
employed, as preferred, there will also be free lime in the resultant compound. If
manganese chloride be employed, 126 parts of the chloride will combine with
74 parts of lime.
The object in employing an excess of lime is to assure the neutralization of fatty
acids in the oils. The free lime combines with these acids and forms a. lime soap,
the drier thus serves as a clarifying agent for the oils used by the varnish maker.
By the use of this drier, the linseed oil is clarified, the fatty acids neutralized, and
the oil converted into a clear, hard drying oil. This oil, as a vehicle for the harder
resins, renders the varnishes elastic, durable and brilliant.
This drier may be used in the manufacture of varnish, and also in the preparation
of gums and resins, and oil to be used in varnish making.
When the drier is used in preparing gums and resins, the latter are fused in the
usual way and while molten or liquid the drier is stirred in. Such of the drier as is
not taken up by the molten resins or gums falls to the bottom with the sediment
from the latter and is removed therewith.
My correspondent is well aware that manganese salts have been before used in
the preparation of drying compounds, and does not broadly claim their use for this
purpose. Such driers have contained the borate of manganese and have been
employed by painters for mixing with paints and oils at normal temperatures, but
they will not serve for making varnishes where they must be heated up to 480°
Fahrenheit.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A composition of matter for use as a drier consisting of hydrated manganese
dioxide and calcium hydrate, as set forth.
2. A composition of matter for use as a drier consisting of hydrated manganese
dioxide, calcium hydrate and a calcium salt, as set forth.
3
3. The manner of preparing a drier which consists in stirring powdered calcium
oxide (lime) into a solution of a manganese salt, and then drying the mass.
4. The use of hydrated manganese dioxide prepared as above described, as a
drier for oils and varnishes.
T.1 1902
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.