matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES
Year: 1883

page_text: 4
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Harry Thresher at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd October 1883.
HARRY THRESHER of Brixton Rise, Brixton, in the County of Surrey, Engineer,
'IMPROVEMENTS IN VELOCIPEDES,"
The object of this invention is to provide a pawl-and-ratchet apparatus which
shall work without the usual clicking noise; and to operates velocipedes by means
of a lever and spring, instead of the usual rotary treadle apparatus.
Upon the axle of the driving wheel or wheels, I fix a circular box or case for
each treadle; to the inside of the rim of this case a ratchet-wheel is fixed, having
its teeth on the inner edge thereof; in the same vertical plane and a small distance
from the said ratchet-wheel, I fit a metal disc, in which 3 or 4 holes are bored near
and at the outer edge thereof; in these holes the circular ends of the pawls are
pivoted, the projecting ends of which pawls are formed at a suitable angle to pass
round either with or without engaging in the teeth of the said ratchet-wheel.
Near the outer end of each of these pawls, I bore a horizontal hole through them,
in which hole I fit a spiral spring: when the other side of the said case is screwed
on, the said springs are pressed against each side of the case, and thus assist to
throw the free ends of the pawls into the teeth of the ratchet, when turned with
the teeth of the pawls pointing towards the teeth of the ratchet; but, when the
pawls are turned in the opposite direction, the said springs aid in rotating the
pawls without their touching the ratchet-teeth, and thereby prevent the disagreeable
clicking noise usually produced; and, consequently, cause the velocipede to run, at
any speed, noiselessly.
To the said disc I fix a rope, band, or strap, which is also fixed, at its other end,
to a lever arranged to work either vertically or horizontally; being worked either
by foot or hand downwards or forwards, it is drawn back by a spring, also
attached to the said disc; and thus the velocipede is well and easily driven
without the cumbersome rotating apparatus.
My said noiseless pawl-and-ratchet apparatus can be applied to the ordinar
rotary action; and also to other machinery where suitable.
AN IMPROVED MOTOR-MACHINE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th January 1883. A Com-
inunication to him from abroad by Marcelin François Dorothé Cavalerie, of
Paris, France
WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of N° 11 Wellington Street, Strand, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, "AN IMPROVED MOTOR-MACHINE" A Com-
munication to me from abroad by Marcelin, François, Dorothé Cavalerie, of Paris,
France,
The motive power engine or motor-machine the subject of this Invention may
be applied as motor to apparatus of all kinds employed upon Railways, for the
marine, in agriculture and industrial purposes generally, and it consists: —
1°. In the utilisation as motive power of the weight of two fly wheels turning
upon an oscillating frame at a speed of from one to three revolutions a minute.
2°. In the utilisation of a third fly wheel turning upon a fixed point at a speed of
from two to six revolutions a second, as accumulator of motion and as multiplier
of the motive power.
3°. In the combination of Mechanical parts constituting this motive power
engine.
The two fly wheels first above mentioned are keyed upon a cranked shaft on the
oscillating frame; this shaft turns in the bearings of two plumber blocks, and the
oscillating frame is coupled at one end to a shaft carried by two uprights fixed on
the base plate.
A connecting rod or link unites the other end of the frame with a rocking-lever,
which is itself, by the aid of another connecting rod joined to the crank of the
shaft carrying the pair of fly wheels.
The rocking-lever is fixed upon its shaft which oscillates in the bearings of two
plumber blocks fixed to the base plate.
Another shaft carries an independent metallic tube upon which the aforesaid
third fly wheel is firmly fixed as well as two pulleys, one of which is in communi-
cation by a belt with a pulley fixed on the aforesaid cranked shaft and which is in
equilibrium with another pulley, the other being that from which the movement is
taken for driving any kind of tool.

page_text: A lubricator is provided for lubricating the inside of the said metallic tube and
is closed by a screw stopper after being supplied with oil.
This improved Motor-Machine being thus constructed, it will be desirable before
setting it to useful work to let it run alone by acting on the end of the rocking-
lever until there is as little friction as possible.
The motive power that it may give will be limited for useful work by the speed
of the fly wheels, or as the working depends upon the speed of the fly wheels the
speed of these latter will be regulated to the desired point, by means of a compressed
air or a centrifugal governor, which will bring pressure upon the circumference of
the third fly wheel, by acting on a lever-brake, by means of which the circular
motion of the fly wheels may also be completely arrested.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND LAMPS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Grube at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th October 1883.
"
EDWARD GRUBE, Engineer of Hamburg, Germany IMPROVEMENTS IN HAND
LAMPS"
This invention relates to hand lamps for petroleum, oil or other material and I
will describe the construction of a lamp embodying the improvements.
The handle of the container, oil reservoir or lamp body is made so that it may
be disengaged from the body for purpose of converting the handle into a hanging
device for purpose of disposition against a vertical surface such as a wall or other
fixture this consists of a curved hook like handle one end of which is connected
turnably to the closed end of a horse-shoe shaped wire the free ends of which are
pivoted or fulcrumed either to the lamp body or to intermediate levers that are
pivoted to the body of the lamp. The horseshoe shaped wire can be turned
downward and be placed around the lamp body with its closed end in such position
that the curved handle can with its free end be slipped behind a projecting edge
by forcing this end inward.
The expanding action of the feathering hook keeps the handle in position
For converting the handle into a hanging device the end of the hook by
compressing the handle is released from the projecting catch of the lamp body and
is swung over the top of the lamp by turning the horseshoe shaped wire round
its pivots. The handle in this open position serves as a hook for attaching the
lamp in hanging position.
To the burner of the lamp there is attached for purpose of preventing smoking
of the flame a twisted wire double cone shaped attachment piece the lower end
whereof fits to the wick case whilst the other end projects somewhat above the
end of this casing. Upon the lamp being lighted this double cone piece will
become heated by the flame and warm the air that passes.upward to the flame
between the wick case and wire and it also acts as a sort of chimney and produces
a certain draught of air to the flame which prevents all smoking and the wire cone
piece will be fitted with a handle piece whereby it can be adjusted upward or
downward on the wick case for regulating the draught and the size of the flame.
Prine 911

page_text: The glass globe of the lamp is supported above and below between spiral wire
ring pieces so as that the globe swings or yields to a certain extent freely up and
down and sideways within the springs and finds elastic support that will protect
the same in a great many cases from being broken consequently upon more or less
slight concussions to which they are more particularly liable when being used in 5
warehouses ships and so forth.
A NEW OR IMPROVED PORTABLE JIB CRANE TO BE USED AS A "FIRE ESCAPE" AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES و
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Powell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st March 1883.
GEORGE POWELL of Cheltenham in the County of Gloucester-"A NEW OR
IMPROVED PORTABLE JIB CRANE TO BE USED AS A "FIRE ESCAPE" AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES
و"
The object of my Invention is to construct and arrange a portable and inexpensive
crane specially adapted for use in connection with windows or other openings in
buildings and which when not in use can be folded up into a small compass
The parts composing the improved crane consist of a central beam or bar, having ·
two arms hinged at its lower end and capable of being set or opened out at right
angles to the central beam
Towards the upper end of the said beam are hinged two other arms capable of
being set at any suitable angle. At the extreme end of the beam is one or more
pullies, over which a cord or chain passes-The apparatus as above described, may
bo composed of any suitable material, and when not in use, the four hinged arms
referred to may be folded up, so that they are all parallel with each other, and
occupy very little room
When it is required to use the apparatus, the arms hinged to the bottom of the
central beam are opened out; so that they stand at about right angles with the
central beam which is put out at the window or opening of a building, the
borizontal arms remaining inside, and being sufficiently long as to reach and rest
against the woodwork or other firm part within the building-The two arms hinged
near the top of the central beam are then opened out, and so placed that their feet
or extremities bear upon the window bottom or other stationary part, by which
means the central beam supporting the pullies is firmly held in any suitable
inclined position. This form of portable crane may be used for a variety of useful
purposes and is specially adapted to be kept in store in large Hotels, public
buildings, factories, and other places, so that in cases of fire the occupants of such
buildings could readily attach the portable crane to the window and escape thereby.
The said crane can also be conveniently attached to buildings in course of con-
struction, and be used for lifting building materials as required by the workman,
its portable construction allowing it from time to time to be easily removed as the
building increases in height
IMPROVEMENTS IN PICKERS FOR LOOMS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Ingham at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th January 1883.
HENRY INGHAM of the firm of John Ingham and Sons of Thornton in the
County of York, Shuttle and Picker Manufacturers "IMPROVEMENTS IN PICKERS
FOR LOOMS"
The object of my invention is, the construction of a picker, as simple in con-
struction as the ordinary picker, both as regards workmanship and material, but
more durable, and causing less wear and tear, both to itself and the picking strap,
the picking strap can be attached to the picker, without a twist or turn, and is
exactly in a line with the centre of the spindle so giving a straight and direct pull
to the picker, thus doing away with the great wear of the spindle holes, as well as
causing less friction, and saving the picker bands.
I construct the body of the picker in the usual form, but stamp or cut a bridge
shaped cut in the back of the picker, this piece formed by the cut is then pressed
out at right angles to the body of the picker, and the picking strap is attached
thereto, so as to be exactly in a line with the centre of the spindle there being no
twist or turn in the picking strap, which can be fastened to it by a pin, bolt, or
thong, at the same time the old place for attaching, above the spindle, is not
interfered with, and can be used if required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CALCINING CEMENT AND IN KILNS THEREFOR
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Simpson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st March 1883.
GEORGE SIMPSON of Edinburgh in the County of Mid-Lothian, North Britain
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CALCINING CEMENT AND IN KILNS THEREFOR.”
"
This invention which relates to improvements in calcining Cement and in kilns
therefor consists in the application of combustible gas, produced in a separate
apparatus to the calcination of natural cement stone, or of a mixture of cement
forming material in intermittent or continuous working Kilns. The tar and
ammoniacal products evolved during the gasification of the solid fuel, which may
be coal, coke or other carbonaceous substance may or may not be separated from
the heating gas before or after combustion.
One form of the calcining Kiln is supplied with combustible gas and air by one
or more openings in the walls near the bottom of the kiln and the products of
combustion along with the carbonic acid Gas and steam arising from the cement
forming materials pass up through the charge and escape in the usual manner :-
Or, under another mode of working the flame of the combustible gas and air is
led across and through the body of the cement forming material at a point situated
near the bottom of the kiln and in an approximately horizontal direction. The
Kiln is in this case closed at the top (but has a provision for charging the cement
stone or cement forming materials, or is provided with an adjustable opening for
the escape of a regulated proportion of the gases formed in the Kiln.
The spent heat under both methods of working may be utilized in the usual or
in any convenient manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBRES.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Leach and James Pearson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd October 1883.
WILLIAM LEACH and JAMES PEARSON of Accrington in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON,
WOOL, AND OTHER FIBRES.
33
This Invention has reference to machinery employed in spinning, and doubling
cotton, wool, and other fibres upon what is commonly called, "Mule Throstles " but
our improvements are equally applicable to other machinery employed in spinning
and doubling either on the bare spindle, or onto tubes or bobbins placed thereon.
For the purpose of carrying out our Invention we mount a spindle in the bottom
rail of the machine to which we give a rising and falling motion. On the top rail
(which is stationary), we mount a tube having a wharle thereon, and capable of
running at a high speed in a bush, fixed in the said rail.
The spindle which is provided with a ring, disc, or collar passes up and down
through the tube as the cop is being wound, the said disc, or collar fitting closely
therein, and assists in keeping the spiridle perfectly perpendicular. The yarn under
operation comes from the delivery rollers to an eyelet attached on the top of the
tube from whence is passes to the spindle onto which it is wound, the tension
thereon, causing the spindle to revolve, the rotation varying according to the
difference between the outer diameter of the cop, and the bare spindle.
The tube and spindle revolve independently of each other, the former being
driven, whilst the latter is caused to revolve by the yarn as it is wound thereon,
the necessary drag to tighten the yarn being obtained by means of a washer placed
underneath a collar formed on the bottom of the spindle or by a band acting on a
small lever attached to the bottom rail.
•
By the employment of the apparatus herein.described the distance between the
delivery rollers, and the eyelet is always the same consequently there is no variation
in the twist put into the yarn, as is the case by the use of ring and traveller, as the
distance between delivery, rollers, ring and traveller, is always changing thereby
irregular twist is the result.

page_text: Instead of steadying the spindle by means of a collar on the spindle fitting the
tube, we employ a tube attached to the bottom rail, through which the spindle is
passed, the top of the said tube being contracted so as to fit the spindle. Another
method of steadying the spindle consists in forming a bridge or archway above the
top of the tube through which the spindle passes by which means it is steadied, 5
and kept perpendicular. In this case, it is preferable for the spindle to be
parallel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOCKS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th December 1883.
A communication from Philipp Vielmetter of Berlin Germany
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the firm of J. Brandt
& G. Wv Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer of 124 Leipzigerstrasse,
Berlin Germany "IMPROVEMENTS IN CLOCKS" (A communication from Philipp
Vielmetter of Berlin Germany)
The improvements consist in the combination of a clock with a calendar and
the arrangement of a spring for actuating the alarum, in such manner, that
instead of the alarum as before ringing for only 1 to 2 minutes it will now sound
for 5 minutes.
The works of the clock with the alarum are as usually made only with this
difference that the spring working the alarum is considerably lengthened, nearly
double that of the ordinary ones. The result of this is that the alarum sounds
for about 5 minutes.
In the clock case and situated on both sides of the works are two rollers to
which are fastened the ends of a band in such a manner that when one roller is
wound up the other one is unwound. The band is made of paper or linen
and printed or written thereon in order are the dates from 1st January to 31st
December.
The band rollers are put on metal spindles, which are made square where
they carry the rollers so that when they are turned round the rollers will revolve
with them.
The spindles at their upper ends turn in angle brackets and are prevented from
falling through by pins put through the spindles, and their lower ends go through
holes in the case and are provided with buttons by which the rollers can be
turned by hand.
In order to keep the rollers on the spindles always at the proper height helical
springs are placed round the spindles and abut against the angle brackets and the
top of the rollers which again abut against pegs put through the spindles so that
the spindles are kept in place being prevented from falling by the pins put through

page_text: the spindles above the angle brackets. The springs at the same time exert such a
pressure on the rollers that they are hindered from turning by themselves and
looseness of the band is also obviated. The band passes from one roller to the
other through slits in the front plate behind the dial of the clock, so that the
band moves between the dial and the said plate. The dial is provided with a 5
hole so that the band with the proper date thereon can be seen.
The changing of the date is carried out, by simultaneously turning the two
buttons on the spindles with both hands in the same direction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAIN TILES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Martin Benson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st January 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by John Lynch of Washington in the District of Columbia
United States of North America.
MARTIN BENSON of N° 52 Chancery Lane London "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAIN
TILES." A communication to me from abroad by John Lynch of Washington in
the District of Columbia United States of North America.
This invention is designed as an improvement in drain tiles and the novelty
consists in making one part of the tube or cylinder porous and the other with a
close or glazed surface as will be more fully set out and explained.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1. is a perspective view of a drain tile and Fig. 2. is a cross section of
same
In the drawing A denotes a drain tile designed for use in any well known way.
Its upper portion, say about one half of it on a line from end to end now marked.
b, is porous as indicated by the lines 61, the lower part, c, of this tile has a close or
glazed surface. The drain tile may be made porous by mixing with the clay
sawdust, coal dust or any other suitable material which will burn out and leave
the body porous. The clay thus prepared is made into tiles by any machinery
suitable for the purpose.
When the tile is sufficiently dry for burning the part which is to form the bottom
when laid in the ground, is dipped in a slip or glaze, which will when burned form
a coating, and glazed surface leaving the top of the tile porous. The tile may be
burned soft before glazing, and afterwards dipped and reburned to obtain the
glaze, a clay slip such as is used for glazing sewer pipe will be found best, but any
other glaze will answer the purpose.
But I do not limit myself to any particular form or detail or manufacture as
this can be varied in a great many ways.
The advantages of the drain tile made with a close or glazed bottom and porous
top, are, the more rapid passage of the water from the ground through the porous
top, and the more rapid draining over the closed or glazed bottom. The great
defect in drain tiles has been the inadequate provision for admitting the water
I Prins A.71

page_text: into the tiles without admitting earth and sediment so as to stop the passage of
the water. The upper part or top of my tile operates as a filterer admitting only
water, and the close or glazed bottom, facilitates the flow of the water. A minor
advantage is the reduction of the weight to about one half that of solid tiles, which
lessens in that proportion the cost of transportation.
My invention will be readily understood ou referring to the drawing and letters
of reference marked thereon.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SADDLES FOR BICYCLES, TRICYCLES AND SIMILAR VEHICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah Redpath and Fred Herbort
Anderton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th April
1883.
JOSIAH REDPATH and FRED HERBERT ANDERTON both of Sheffield in the County
of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SADDLES FOR BICYCLES, TRICYCLES AND SIMILAR
VEHICLES"
Our Invention relates to improvements in Saddles for Bicycles, Tricycles, and
other similar manumotive Vehicles, with the object of avoiding the vibration and
shocks consequent upon travelling ou rough and broken roads, and for the general
comfort of the rider, as well as other minor conveniences arrising from the
improved construction of same. In carrying out our invention we construct the
saddle so that it may be suspended from the front and back dispensing with
the usual horizontal spring or any of the ordinary springs that are attached to the
backbone and the wood or metal plate as usually placed immediately underneath
the saddle, and we accomplish this in the following manner.
We fix to the front of the saddle, a double car, or other suitable fixture that can
be readily secured to the neck of the backbone of a bicycle (for example) and to
the back of the saddle we attach a spring, by preferonce V shaped, and nearly
upright in position. The bottom of the spring is connected to a split coupling or
collar, that can be secured to any desired position on the backbone by means of
setscrews. The V. spring may be permanently attached to both the saddle, and
the split coupling by rivets or screws or it may be attached by means of hinges,
joints or their equivalents so that it may be easily disengaged when required.
We make the saddle itself either of one or more pieces of leather or of other
suitable material, either open or covered, and by means of an adjusting screw with
lock nut working through a part of the split coupling, and bearing against the
V spring, the saddle may be tightened or slackened at pleasure to suit the weight
of the rider, or for other reasons
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS SCOURING RICE, WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN AND SEEDS. FOR DECORTICATING
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Henry Channing Martin at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th June 1883.
JAMES HENRY CHANNING MARTIN of The Drive, Walthamstow, in the County
of Essex IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
SCOURING RICE, WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN AND SEEDS.
•
FOR DECORTICATING OR
The Invention has for its object improvements in machinery or apparatus for
decorticating or scouring rice, wheat and other grain and seeds.
For this purpose I construct the machine with an outer casing consisting of a
cylinder or truncated cone preferably of wirework or perforated metal. This
cylinder or truncated cone I set in an angular position and I cause it to revolve
slowly on fixed ends, the lower end of which is provided with an outlet aperture
and an adjustable slide at or near the bottom of the circumference. The upper
end is provided with an inlet aperture at or near the crown of the circumference
thereof.
Within this cylindrical or conical casing I arrange a drum or cylinder of cor-
responding shape provided with a keen cutting surface of emery or other suitable
material and mounted on a shaft or axis to which a rapid rotary motion is given.
A convenient space is arranged between the inner drum or cylinder and the
cylindrical or conical casing for the rice, wheat and other grain and seeds to pass
and be decorticated or scoured without undue pressure thereon.
The quantity of rice, wheat and other grain and seeds passed through the
machine and the amount of decortication or scouring effected is regulated by a
slide in or over the discharge aperture, the inlet being large enough to keep the
machine practically full.
The advantages of the above arrangement when using a wirework or perforated
cylindrical casing are as follows. The revolving casing being set at an angle the
meal is to a great extent freed from the rice, wheat or other grain or seeds as it
is produced thereby keeping the rice, wheat or other grain or seeds clean for the
action of the inner drum or cylinder, and the discharge or outlet being placed at
or near the circumference of the cylindrical casing where the speed of the inner
Price 2d1

page_text: drum or cylinder is the greatest, a free delivery is ensured. By these means a
larger quantity of rice, wheat, grain or seeds can be passed through the machine
and a higher point of decortication or scouring obtained whilst at the same time
I avoid the necessity for separating the meal from the rice, wheat or other grain
or seeds by auxiliary machines during the process of decorticating or scouring.
With an outer imperforate casing the above arrangement will give a free
delivery.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BATHS FOR CONTAINING MOLTEN ZINC OR OTHER MOLTEN METALS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henri Luther at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th April 1883.
WILLIAM HENRI LUTHER, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF BATHS FOR CONTAINING MOLTEN
ZINC OR OTHER MOLTEN METALS,”
This Invention, which relates to Improvements in the construction of baths for
containing molten zinc or other molten metals, has for its object to effect saving in
the wear and tear of the baths used for melting and containing the molten metal
employed in what are known as the processes of galvanizing, tinning, lead coating,
and other analogous metallurgical operations.-Hitberto such baths have been
constructed of the best malleable iron plate such for example as of the qualities
known as Lowmoor or Bowling iron or analogous high class and necessarily costly
irons, or of steel; and in order to render such baths capable of retaining their shape
and durability when containing many tons of molten metal it has been necessary to
employ such iron or steel plates of considerable thickness for example from one
inch and upwards. With such thick iron or steel plates as hitherto used, further
difficulties are involved in their construction owing to the not general existence of
the necessary punching and bending apparatus requisite for the construction of the
said baths.
Owing also to the action of molten metals on the iron or steel used in such baths,
inferior classes of iron cannot be advantageously used for they are not durable
and it frequently happens that a hole or rent is formed through the iron shortly
after the bath has been in operation and a considerable loss of metal thereby takes
place.
According to the present Invention the baths are constructed of a double casing,
the space between which casings may be filled with fire-clay or other suitable
material or such lining may be dispensed with, in which case the inner casing fits
closely into the outer casing.-The inner casing is made of the best iron or steel
plate and of comparative thinness and preferably welded in place of rivetted whilst
the outer casing is or may be made of the commoner types of malleable iron or of
cast iron which may be in one piece or rivetted or bolted together.
According to this Invention when the baths of the kind herein before described

page_text: as at present used are rendered unfit for further use from the causes hereinbefore
mentioned they may, in place of being dealt with as old or scrap iron, be utilized
as an outer casing to carry one of the inner casings forming part of this Invention
and either with or without a casing of fire-clay or equivalent material.
Another part of the Invention consists in the employment of corrugated iron in
the construction of the outer shell of the said baths whereby great stiffness is
obtained and thinner metal may be employed; whereby also larger baths than
hitherto used may be constructed by virtue of the increased stiffness in the metal
due to the corrugations.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAW BARS AND COUPLING APPARATUS, FOR RAILWAY WAGGONS AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Keeton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd May 1883.
SAMUEL KEETON, of Lenton in the County of Nottingham, "IMPROVEMENTS
IN DRAW BARS AND COUPLING APPARATUS, FOR RAILWAY WAGGONS AND OTHER
VEHICLES,"
My Improvements as applied to the framing of each railway waggon or other
vehicle, consists of two buffer headed draw bars, each forming a hook at one end
pointing upwards, each rod passes through a draw bar head secured on the ends of
the framing by two parallel rods passed through the heads, and the framing, on
these rods plates slide, each plate being keyed or bolted to the draw bar, on each
side of the plate, there are spiral springs encircling the draw bar, or instead of the
spiral springs, I may employ bow shaped plate springs, the back springs act as
buffer springs, and the front springs act as draw springs. Each draw bar head
forms a bearing for an axle shaft somewhat longer than the width of the framing,
this shaft passes through a coupling link which is thus secured to the draw bar
head, the coupling link may be secured to the axle shaft by keys, screws or
projecting arms attached to the shaft, which rocks in bearings, secured to the
framing, each end of the shaft is provided with a lifting lever, by which the
coupling link may be raised or lowered, when raised it is held in position by one
end of a sliding rod taking into a notch in a disk secured on the axle shaft, the
rod slides in bearings carried by the framing, and has a spring at one end which
automatically holds the coupling link back, but when the sliding rod is moved
clear of the notched disk by the attendant the coupling link falls down over the
draw bar hook of the next adjacent vehicle, the coupling link of such vehicle may
also be allowed to fall down over the draw bar hook of the first named vehicle
thereby forming a complete double coupling. When the vehicles are required to
be coupled automatically, the link is placed in an horizontal position, by one of
the lifting levers, and held in such position by a catch lever and spring which is

page_text: released as the coupling link is raised as it passes over the draw hook of the next
adjacent vehicle.
By such means a double automatic coupling may be effected, and the vehicles
may be uncoupled by means of either of the levers at the side of the framing
without the attendant having to pass between them.
By the employment of the above described apparatus a contral spring buffer and
draw hook is obtained, and the necessity of employing side buffers on new vehicles
is obviated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTO- MATIC SIGNALLING APPARATUS FOR RAILWAYS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd March 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by Lucien Vérité, of Beauvais, France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTO-
MATIC SIGNALLING APPARATUS FOR RAILWAYS a communication to me from abroad
by Lucien Vérité, of Beauvais, France,
This invention relates to the construction of signalling and controlling apparatus
for railways. It consists of three principal parts viz. The controlling apparatus,
the commutator or contact breaker and the indicator.
The controlling apparatus comprises a pump adapted to be moved by the deflec-
tion of the rail caused by the passage of a train, and communicating by pipes and
valves with a second piston which operates the commutator.
The piston rod is preferably placed vertical and directly under the rail, against
which it is held by a spring, while the cylinder is placed over a reservoir containing
glycerine and communicating with the cylinder by a ball-valve, while a second ball
valve is placed in the discharge pipe of the pump, and establishes or interrupts
communication with the commutator piston.
The commutator consists chiefly of a piston movable in a cylinder filled with
glycerine and adapted to close or break an electric current by its motion.
The indicator or signal may be any suitable optic or acoustic signal set in motion
by an electric current, which in this case passes through the commutator to be
opened or closed by the latter.
The piston moved by the glycerine in the pipe leading from the controlling
apparatus may be placed in a cylinder attached to an optic signal, provided with
an electro-magnet and a pair of coloured discs the position of which is controlled
by the magnet.
VACUUM BOXES FOR PAPER MAKING MACHINES."
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Schofield at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th March 1883.
HENRY SCHOFIELD of Sheffield in the County of York
VACUUM BOXES FOR PAPER MAKING MACHINES."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
My Invention relates to improvements in Vacuum boxes for paper making
Machines and has for its object reducing the wear and tear of the woven copper
wire used in carrying the wet pulp over the tops of the said boxes (for the purpose
of having the water drawn out of the pulp by suction) by reducing the frictional
contact against the sides of the boxes as the said wire is being drawn over them,
thereby extending the life of the wire, and reducing the cost of manufacture. It is
usual in this process, for the wire to rest upon, and be drawn by the vacuum tightly
against, the top edges of the vacuum boxes while it is in motion, and it therefore
follows that there is considerable friction, and abrasion of the wire, causing it to
wear away rapidly, and finally to become useless.
To avoid this friction, I construct against the front and back internal surfaces of
the sides of the vacuum box, a trough extending the whole of the length of the
box, or thereabouts, in which is fixed a roller, by preference made of copper, and of
a suitable length, the top being of such a height as to bear the wire before-
mentioned clear of the box sides. These rollers are carried by and are free to
revolve in suitable bearings secured to the box.
To prevent air being drawn in under the rollers and so destroying the vacuum,
the troughs are kept filled with water which reaches nearly to the top of the
rollers. The vacuum chamber or central portion of the box, may be contracted to
suit the width of the paper, in the usual manner by means of sliding end pieces,
worked by a screw or screws through the ends of the box, or by other suitable
means
Thus the weight of the wire, and the pressure caused by the partial vacuum
underneath the wire, cause the rollers to revolve with the movement of the wire as
it travels forward, and entirely avoids the friction and consequent wear caused by
the wire being dragged over the stationary edges of the box, as in the old process.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC BELLS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis John Everson Clarke at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th October 1883.
FRANCIS JOHN EVERSON CLARKE of Ashburnham Road, Chelsea in the County of
Middlesex IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC BELLS
The Invention has for its object improvements in electric bells and relates to a
novel construction and arrangement of parts whereby I obtain great simplicity, and
efficiency of action combined with economy in construction.
For this purpose I employ a cast iron frame or back plate which has cast or
otherwise fixed thereon a stud or pin to which the bell is fixed and a terminal in
metallic contact with such frame or back plate and preferably cast thereon.
The core of the electro-magnet is made of cast or wrought iron and somewhat
longer than those usually employed. This core carries the hammer and an
insulated contact spring which is in metallic contact with one end of the coil.
The ends of the core are bevelled in order to increase the surface thereof opposed
to armatures cast or otherwise fixed in metallic contact with the frame or back
plate. The contact screw is passed through a stud forming the second terminal
which is insulated from the frame or back plate.
The electro-magnet is mounted at its centre on trunnions upon which it is
capable of rocking.
The action of the bell is as follows;
When the current is on, the ends of the electro-magnet are attracted to the
armatures thereby causing the hammer to strike the bell, just before the hammer
comes into contact with the bell, the contact is broken, and the current ceases to
pass through the core, a small spring then acts to reverse the motion of the electro-
magnet, thereby causing the contact spring to make contact with its screw by
which means the current is caused again to pass through the electro-magnet and
the operations are repeated as before until the current of electricity ceases to flow
through the conducting wires.
A UNIVERSAL PENHOLDER
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thorsten Nordenfelt at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th January 1883. Communicated to
me from abroad by Lieutenant Ferraccin of Venice in Italy
THORSTEN NORDENFELT of No. 53 Parliament Street in the County of Middlesex
Civil Engineer.-"A UNIVERSAL PENHOLDER" communicated to me from abroad
by Lieutenant Ferraccin of Venice in Italy
This invention has for its object a universal penholder.
A pen holder to hold metallic pens of all sizes is constructed by inserting and
fixing within a metal tube a spirally formed strip of metal. The said strip is
attached to the tube by soldering it at the inner end to the walls of the tube and
here also the convolutions of the spiral are soldered the one to the other whilst
at the outer end they are left free Thus a pen nib of whatever size may be
inserted and held in this pen holder between the convolutions of the spiral end.
If the pen be small it is received between convolutions nearear to the centre than
those which would receive a pen of larger size
The spiral may if desired be formed of a piece with the tube.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS ENGINES.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Robson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1883.
JOHN ROBSON of Shipley, in the County of York, Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS ENGINES.
My invention has for its object the construction of gas engines in such a manner
that one end of the cylinder can be charged at each stroke of the piston with a
quantity of combustible gas and air mixed in any proportion desired, compressed
and exploded to give motive power to the engine.
•
I accomplish my object by constructing a cylinder, in which is fitted two pistons,
one which receives the force of the explosion being connected by the usual rods to
the crank shaft, and the other which I term the valve piston, is connected and
regulated by a valve rod worked by a crank or eccentric in combination with
levers, catch rod, and a spring.
When the first named piston is beginning to travel towards the back end of the
cylinder, the exhaust valve which is opened by an eccentric and rods allows the
products of combustion to escape, and the valve piston begins to travel in the
opposite direction towards the crank shaft, causing a vacuum between the two
pistons, which space is filled through a valve with a mixture of combustable gas
and air, the amount of gas admitted being regulated by a separate valve operated
upon by the governors. When the two pistons have travelled a certain distance
apart, a catch rod on the reciprocating valve rod is liberated, which allows a spring
in connection with the piston valve levers to propel the piston valve in the
direction of the other piston with great speed, forcing the mixture through valves
formed in the first named piston into the back part of the cylinder. As soon as
the pressure is greater in the back part these valves close, and the mixture is
compressed by the travelling piston between the latter and the end of the cylinder,
where it is ignited at the commencement of the return stroke.
The charge is ignited by a light conveyed by a sliding valve in which is a cavity
filled with gas which is lighted by a gas jet and conveyed to an opening into the
part of the cylinder containing the compressed mixture of gas and air.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TWISTED YARNS OR THREADS AND IN APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Denton Abel at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd August 1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Philippe Olombel Junior of Mazamet, Tarn, in the
French Republic Manufacturer
"
CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TWISTED YARNS
OR THREADS AND IN APPARATUS FOR THAT PURPOSE [communicated to him
from abroad by Philippe Olombel Junior of Mazamet, Tarn, in the French
Republic Manufacturer]
Up to the present time, in the manufacture of twisted yarns or threads, it was
necessary to spin separately the threads composing the same, then to doublo these,
and lastly to re-spin or twist them, the manufacturo thus consisting of a succession
of three operations.
The present invention consists in doubling on the card spinning machine two
rovings or slivers which are then formed into one doubled and twisted yarn by
a spinning machine such as the Mulo Jenny.
The essential feature of the invention consists in effecting the doubling before
the spinning and in combining the spinning and twisting in one operation in the
Mule Jenny.
The threads thus doubled on the card spinning machine can either be of the
same color or of different colors.
The doubling is effected by arranging near to and parallel with the yarn roller
which receives the product of the card cylinder one or more yarn rollers, delivering
the slivers or rovings from other carding machines or from the second doffing
cylinder of the same carding machine.
The slivers of this or these supplemental rollers, actuated by the same mechanism
that drives the ordinary roller of the carding machine, are joined on the latter with
the threads or slivers being carded, after passing over a special dividing bar; and
the combined yarns, after being wound up on the same bobbin, are then conveyed
to the Mule Jenny or other spinning machine to be drawn and spun in the usual
manner, thus producing a doubled and twisted yarn or thread at a less cost than
heretofore, while the product is stronger, and less liable to breakages than in the
ordinary process
AN IMPROVED ELASTIC TRIMMING OR FABRIC FOR ORNAMENTING ARTICLES OF DRESS AND THE LIKE AND IN THE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Dean at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th August 1883..
GEORGE DEAN, of Kedleston Road, Derby in the county of Derby, "AN
IMPROVED ELASTIC TRIMMING OR FABRIC FOR ORNAMENTING ARTICLES OF DRESS AND
THE LIKE AND IN THE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME."
This invention has for its object the production of an improved elastic trimming
or fabric suitable for ornamenting articles of dress and the like.
Hitherto such fabric or trimming has been woven straight and for fitting it to
such portions of a dress such as the neck or sleeves, the woven fabric had to be
kilted or goffered to the shape required.
Now by my invention I produce a trimming or fabric made with its elastic
threads running in a curved course in the completed fabric and which will
accomodate itself to a rounded surface or contour on which it is placed instead of
having to be kilted or goffered to shape and thereby injuring the appearance of the
trimming when placed on the dress.
I accomplish this by giving different degrees of tension to rubber threads while
being woven in the loom so that when the ends are released the fabric assumes the
shape required.
For instance in a trimming having four elastic threads running through it I give
a greater tension to the outer or first one and a lesser to the inner ones in succession
the fourth being the slackest.
IMPROVEMENTS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Carr at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th November 1883.
WILLIAM CARR of Bury in the County of Lancaster
SHUTTLE TONGUES
"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This invention relates to the construction of the pegs or tongues of shuttles
employed in looms for weaving, the object of the invention being to facilitate the
introduction of the same into the cop of weft and to hold the latter more securely
when in place.
I make the shuttle tongue in two halves divided longitudinally and separated at
the point and heel by the insertion of a thin plate or slip so as to leave a narrow
slot between the two halves excepting at the point where it is brazed, and at the
heel where it is rivetted.
ogee
"
Into this slot I insert a long thin spring of a double curved or flattened "
form, the ends being inserted in recesses made in the plates or slips at each end of
the tongue.
This spring is so curved and mounted in the tongue that the curve near the tip
projects very slightly beyond the tongue, whilst the reversed curve near the heel
projects considerably more
The object of this is that the point of the tongue shall be able to enter the hole
in the cop with ease, but as the cop is forced further onto the tongue it presses
in the curved part of the spring near to the heel and consequently causes the
other curve to project further and thus the cop is held by the spring securely at
both ends.