Improvements in Wool and Hair Clippers.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 11th July, 1895-Accepted, 28th Sept., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED). .
Improvements in Wool and Hair Clippers.
We, WILLIAM HAWKES BURMAN and THOMAS BURMAN of 102 Ryland Road,
Edgbaston in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
to
This invention has relation to instruments or apparatus for shearing sheep,
clipping horses and other analogous purposes, and has for one of its objects, the
equalization of the pressure-contact between the opposed faces of the cutter and
comb plates, that is, making the cutter plate reciprocate in an invariable plane
relative to the comb plate, whereby undue friction and heating of the parts is
obviated, and for another object the simplification and reduction of the number of
the component parts of the instrument.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a topside plan of a wool
clipper or sheep shear constructed or provided with improvements made in
accordance with our invention.
Figure 2 represents a transverse vertical section of the same, with the motion
communicating shaft, its roller crank, and the rocking post shown in elevation.
Figure 3 represents a part horizontal section of Figure 1 upon the dotted
lines x-x.
Figure 4 represents a cross section of Figure 1 upon the dotted line A.
Figure 5 is a cross section of the pressure plate, cutter plate and comb plate
taken upon the dotted line B Figure 1, showing one of the studs of the pressure
plate taking through a like coincident hole in the cutter plate and into one of the
guide sinkings in the comb plate, which is made fast to the cap, and constitutes
with it and the sleeve, the framing of the machine.
Figure 6 represents a topside plan of the comb plate separately.
Figure 7 is a topside plan of the pressure plate separately and Figure 8 is an end
view of the same.
Figure 9 is a topside plan of the toothed cutter plate separately and
Figure 10 is an enlarged view of the pressure plate plane-keeper, which consists
of a rocking post, with its ends curved to a radius struck from its centre, so as to

page_text: keep the distance between the bearing contacts on its ends constant when the said
post is rocked by the reciprocation of the cutter and pressure plate.
Figure 11 is a plan and Figure 12 an edge view of plane adjustment cap and
the means for locking the same in its adjusted position.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in Figures 1 to 12 of
the drawings.
The fixed part of the instrument consists of a comb plate a, having teeth a',
formed upon the fore edge of the same, and with the rear part made fast to the
barrel b, by screws or other means b', the fore and upper part of which barrel
carries a rigid cover plate 62, having an overhanging fore part 63, with a central hole b*,
through it, the inside upper part of which hole is wormed to receive a like outside
wormed plane-adjustment cap c, with teeth or serrations c¹, upon the edge of its
bead, with one or other of which the free end of a locking spring c², made fast
to the cover plate engages for locking or securing the said cap in any adjusted
position.
d is a reciprocating cutter plate, and e is a pressure plate, the latter having
a cupped sinking e' upon its topside and studs e², upon its rear underside, which
studs pass through holes d', in the cutter plate d, which has cutting teeth upon its
fore edge and terminate in longitudinal guide slots a³, sunken in the topside face
of the comb plate a.
The pressure plate has at the extreme fore part of its underside, two pressure
studs or lifts, which come upon the topside of the front of the cutter plate,
immediately rear of the teeth whose undersides come upon the rear topside of the
comb plate.
fis a rocking post or pressure-plate plane keeper, through the medium of which
the plane of cut of the opposed cutting surface is preserved. The ends, of this
rocking post are parts of spheres with their arcs struck from the common centre +
Figure 10, and the said spheroidal ends take their thrust and roll upon plain
surfaces c³, e, of the cups c, e¹, formed in the adjustable cap part c of the cover
plate and pressure plate e, respectively, during the reciprocation of the said pressure
and cutter plates together, which is performed through the medium of a rollered
crank pin g', carried at the inner end of a rotating shaft g, and taking within a keep
gap, formed in the pressure plate e, so that as the said shaft g is rotated, the
cutter plate with its pressure plate, is reciprocated and the plane of cut of the said
cutter plate is kept constant relative to the plane of cut of the comb plate, hence
the equalization of pressure-contact between the said opposed surfaces, as the
distance between any two points of contact of the thrust surfaces with the spherical
heads remain constant.
To adjust the cutting plane consequent upon wear, remove the free end of the
spring catch c², when the cap can be rotated and adjustment effected.
By our improvements, the cutter can be driven to a great speed without any
heating of the parts of the instrument occurring.
Figure 13 represents a modification of the rocking post.
e is the pressure plate and c the adjustment cap. is the rocking post with
boxed or cupped end parts f', having flat bottoms, upon which spherical or curve-
faced projections c¹, e, carried by cap c, and pressure plate e, respectively, and
with their curves struck from a common radius, come and take their bearing.
Figure 14 is another modification of the rocking post.
In this form the upper end f', which is enlarged has its curved face struck from
a radius equal to half the height of the post, whilst the other end f³, is hemispherical
or bulbous and works in a like bulbous seating e¹, made in the top side of the
pressure plate e, with the comb plate a, and cutter plate d, coming thereunder. By
reciprocating the pressure plate, the cutter plate d is carried with it and made to
follow the same horizontal plane as the top of the comb plate a, hence an anti-friction
parallel motion.
In applying our invention to a hair clipper, the teeth of the comb plate are of a
less length than represented and finer in the pitch.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained, the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
First-In hair and wool clippers, the combination with a fixed comb plate having
teeth upon its front edge, a reciprocating cutter plate working thereon and also
having teeth on its front edge, a rocking plane-keeper post, or a rocking plane-
keeper post having spherical ends, whose radii are struck from a common centre
and taking a thrust bearing upon the flat ends of sinkings in a reciprocating pressure
plate an fixed cover plate respectively, of an adjustable cover plate cap, whereby
the cutter plate and pressure plate are set up, substantially as described and set.
forth in Figures 1 to 12.
Secondly-In hair and wool clippers, the combination with a fixed comb plate
having teeth upon its front edge and slots sunken upon its topside, and a recipro-
cating cutter plate working thereon and having teeth upon its front edge and holes
through its back part, of a reciprocating pressure plate carried by the said cutter
plate and having studs upon its underside taking through the said holes in
the cutter plate and entering the sinkings through the topside of the comb plate
and with the front underside having bearing studs or lifts coming upon the
front topside of the cutter plate, substantially as described and set forth in
Figures 1 to 12.
Thirdly. In bair and wool clippers, the combination with a fixed comb plate
having teeth upon its front edge and slots sunken upon its topside, a reciprocating
cutter plate working thereon and having teeth upon its front edge and holes through
its back part, and a reciprocating pressure plate carried by said cutter plate and
having studs upon its underside taking through the said holes in the cutter plate
and entering the sinkings through the topside of the comb plate and with the front
underside having bearing studs or lifts coming upon the front topside of the cutter
plate and having cupped sinking upon its topside, of a rocking plane-keeper post,
with the one end taking its thrust upon the bottom of the cupped sinking in the
pressure plate and the other end taking its thrust upon a like surface of a cupped
sinking formed in the adjustment of the cover plate and with the stem of the
said rocking lever taking through the hole whereinto the said adjustment cap is
screwed, substantially as described and set forth in Figures 1 to 12.
a
Fourthly-In hair and wool clippers, the combination with a fixed comb plate
having teeth upon its front edge and slots sunken upon its topside, a reciprocating
cutter plate working thereon and having teeth upon its front edge and holes through
its back part, and a reciprocating pressure plate carried by said cutter plate and
having studs upon its underside taking through the said holes in the cutter plate
and entering the sinkings through the topside of the comb plate and with the front
underside having bearing studs or lifts coming upon the front topside of the cutter
plate and having a cupped sinking upon its topside, a rocking plane-keeper post
with the one end or one spherical end taking its thrust upon the bottom of the
cupped sinking in the pressure plate and the other end taking its thrust upon a like
surface of a cupped sinking formed in the adjustment cap of the cover plate having
serrations or teeth on its periphery, of a locking spring catch carried by the cutter
plate and engaging with the said teeth or serrations of the adjustment cap,
substantially as described and set forth in Figures 1 to 12.
Fifthly In hair and wool clippers, the combination with a fixed comb plate
having teeth upon its front edge and slots sunken upon its topside, a reciprocating
cutter plate working thereon and having teeth upon its front edge and holes through
its back part, a reciprocating pressure bar carried by said cutter plate and having
studs upon its underside taking through said holes in said cutter plate and entering
the sinkings through the topside of the comb plate and with the front underside
having bearing studs or lifts coming upon the front topside of the cutter plate and
with a rear part formed with a gap, and a fixed cover plate having a sleeve at its
rear part, of a rotating shaft taking through the said sleeve and with the roller

page_text: cranked end taking and working within said gap in the back of the pressure plate,
substantially as described and set forth in Figures 1 to 12.
Sixthly The modified form of rocking post and seatings or impingements
therefor as described and set forth in Figure 13.
Thated this 10th day of July 1895.
.
WILLIAM HAWKES BURMAN,
THOMAS BURMAN,
By Henry Skerrett,
24 Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.