Improvements in Incombustible Wicks for Burning Hydrocarbon Oils.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 19th June, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 7th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 9th May, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incombustible Wicks for Burning Hydrocarbon
Oils.
We, JOSEPH BEVERLEY FENBY, of the Mill House, Castle Bromwich, in the
County of Warwick, Civil Engineer, and JOHN CHARLES CRAMPIN READ, of
Red Lion Yard, High Holborn, London, General Manager of the Lee Lamp
Company, Ltd., of the same address do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows :-
The object of this invention is to provide a wick for use with hydrocarbon oils.
which shall be practically incombustible, free from clogging by deposit, and
efficient in lighting, burning and extinguishing.
Our improved wick is applicable to annular and flat wick burners, and the
materials and processes are nearly alike for all classes of wicks.
We shall describe our improved wick first for annular burners.
On a mandril we wind any suitable textile fabric, such as calico or linen, with
or without paste or cement, until the desired diameter is reached.
The roll so formed is then dried at gradually increasing temperatures, and, when
dry, is calcined in a crucible sealed with charcoal powder, sand or an equivalent.
The resulting cylinder of carbon is then cut in a lathe, or by other meaus, into
suitable annular wicks.
Wicks for flat flames are made of the same materials and in the same way except
that they are made flat instead of being coiled on a mandril.
The degree of porosity and capillary absorption can be regulated by the texture
of the fabric used.
It is advisable to calcine these wicks at a high temperature, and in a bed of
material, such as powdered charcoal, which will exclude air, give vent to evolved
gases, and withstand great heat.
When paste or cement is used complete drying is necessary before calcination.
Wicks made as above described are incombustible and can be kept clean by
extinguishing the lamp in the following way.. Instead of using an extinguisher, or
lowering the wick, or blowing out the light, the supply of oil is cut off and that
quantity held in the pores of the wick burns quickly away, the result being that
the wick is burnt off quite clear, and does not catch fire and smoulder as a cotton
wick would.
Dated this 17th day of June 1895
Improvements in Incombustible Wicks for Burning Hydrocarbon
Oils.
We JOSEPH BEVERLEY FENBY of the Mill House, Castle Bromwich, in the
County of Warwick Civil Engineer and JOHN CHARLES CRAMPIN READ of Red
Lion Yard High Holborn London General Manager of the Lee Lamp (Parent)
Company Limited of the same address do hereby declare the nature of this
U 1

page_text: invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide wicks for use in burning hydrocarbon
oils which wicks shall be practically incombustible free from clogging by deposit,
and efficient in lighting, burning and extinguishing.
Our improved wick is applicable to annular and flat wick burners, or burners of
any other shape. The materials and processes of production being nearly alike for
all classes of wicks, the following will make the invention and the manner in which
it may be performed clear.
We will describe our improved wick first for annular burners.
On a mandril we wind any suitable textile fabric, such as calico, or linen, with
paste, or cement such as flour paste until the desired diameter is reached; a due
allowance being made for the shrinkage in diameter which will result during
carbonization. The roll so formed is then thoroughly dried and when dry, is
carbonized in a crucible sealed with charcoal powder, fine plumbago, sand, or an
equivalent.
The resulting cylinder of carbon is then cut in a lathe, or by other means, into
suitable annular wicks.
Wicks for flat burners are made of the same materials and in the same way
except that they are made flat instead of being coiled on a mandril.
The degree of porosity and capillary absorption can be regulated by the texture
of the fabric used.
It is advisable to carbonize these wicks at a very high temperature, and in a bed
of material, such as fine plumbago, which will exclude air, give vent to evolved
gases, and withstand great heat.
Wicks made as herein before described are incombustible and can be kept clean
by extinguishing the lamp in the following way :-Instead of using an extinguisher
or lowering the wick or blowing out the light, the supply of oil is cut off and that
quantity held in the pores of the wick burns quickly away, the result being that
the wick is burnt off quite clean and does not catch fire and smoulder as a cotton
wick would.
Before carbonizing the circular wicks we find it advisable to withdraw the
mandril and fill the bore of the cylinder with rag, paper or other suitable
material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
The manufacture and production of incombustible carbon wicks for burning
hydrocarbon oils the said wicks being made from textile fabric substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Dated this 7th do of Anul 1900
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.