IMPROVEMENTS IN FOLDING FENCING
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Greening, of the Firm of Greening and
Company, Limited, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturers of Iron and Wire Fences, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN FOLDING FENCING."
Sealed the 5th April 1867, and dated the 9th October 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Greening at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th
October 1866.
I, JOSEPH GREENING, of the Firm of Greening and Company, Limited, of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers of Iron and Wire
Fences, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN FOLDING FENCING," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the construction of a portable folding
fencing of metallic wires or rods, which shall be sufficiently strong to resist
any pressure put upon it by sheep or cattle running against it, so as to distort
its shape, and eventually render it unserviceable, and which shall still be so
light and portable as to be easily carried from place to place.
Now this Invention consists of metallic wires or rods formed in the shape
of a series of cranks, the angles of which are all at right angles to each other,
and each of which rods or wires when in an upright or vertical position has its
vertical parts jointed to those of its neighbour by being encircled by round or
oval metallic tubing, and the extreme ends of which individual wires are
joined together by being linked one into the other, or connected by a separate

page_text: coil of wire. The appearance of fencing constructed according to this Inven-
tion when opened out is the same as the lines formed by brickwork, viz., the
squares overlap each other, and thus constitute a very strong fencing, which
can be staked to the ground in the ordinary manner, and which is kept
perfectly rigid by means of the tubing joining the vertical parts together.
It is preferred to construct this fencing of galvanized iron wire or rods, and
to have the tubing also galvanized, so that the edges of such tubing shall be
cemented or soldered together by the galvanizing element, and thus enable it
to bear a greater lateral pressure, and consequently be constructed of thinner
metal than would otherwise be practicable.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Greening in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
9th April 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPHI
GREENING, of the Firm of Greening and Company, Limited, of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturers of Iron and Wire Fences, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Joseph Greening, Her special license that I, the said Joseph
Greening, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Joseph Greening, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Iж-
PROVEMENTS IN FOLDING FENCING," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Joseph Greening, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Greening, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-

page_text: formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention has for its object the construction of a portable folding
fencing of metallic wires or rods, which shall be sufficiently strong to resist
any pressure put upon it by sheep or cattle running against it, so as to distort
its shape, and eventually render it unserviceable, and which shall still be so
light and portable as to be easily carried from place to place.
Now this Invention consists of metallic wires or rods formed in the shape
of a series of cranks, the angles of which are all at right angles to each other,
and each of which rods or wires when in an upright or vertical position has its
vertical parts jointed to those of its neighbour by being encircled by round or
oval metallic tubing, and the extreme ends of which individual wires are
joined to the ends of the neighbouring wires by being linked one into the
other, or connected by a separate coil of wire or short length of tubing. This
arrangement constitutes a very strong fencing, which can be staked to the
ground in the ordinary manner, and is kept perfectly rigid by means of the
tubing joining the vertical parts together. It is preferred to construct this
fencing of galvanized iron wire or rods, and to have the tubing also galvanized,
so that the edges of such tubing shall be cemented or soldered together by the
galvanizing element, and thus enable it to bear a greater lateral pressure,
and consequently be constructed of thinner metal than would otherwise be
practicable.
That this my said Invention may be the moro readily seen and understood,
I have hereunto annexed a Drawing, drawn to a scale of about three inches to
one foot, illustrative of my improvements in folding fencing, like letters marked
thereon being used to denote similar parts.
Fig. 1 represents an elevational view of the folding fencing stretched out
ready for use; Fig. 2 illustrates the fencing as folded up ready to be trans-
ported from place to place; and Fig. 3 shews a plan of the fencing partly
fulded, illustrating the manner in which the parts fold together.
In Figs. 1, 2, and 3, A represents the metallic wires or rods, by preference
formed of galvanized iron wire bent to the required shape, as illustrated
separately by A', and hinged or connected together by the metallic tubes B,
which tubes may be of an oval, round, rectangular, or other convenient form,
and be constructed of sheet iron galvanized after being formed into tubing, so
that the galvanizing element may cement the edges of such tubing together,
or such tubing may be made with a jumped joint, and be brazed, and
afterwards galvanized. The extreme ends of the wires A may be jointed to
the ends of the neighbouring wires by being passed through short lengths of

page_text: tubing, and the ends of such wires be bent, as illustrated at C, or the neigh-
bouring wires may be linked together, as illustrated at D, may be passed
through a short coil of wire, as at E, or be hinged together, as illustrated at F,
or connected in any other convenient manner which will allow of the fencing
being folded.
It
may
be here stated that I prefer to construct this fencing of strong
tough elastic wire, which greatly adds to its strength and non-liability to be
bent or broken.
This fencing may be constructed of any length, and is fixed by being
stretched out and staked to the ground by being tied to a sufficient number
of wooden or iron supports placed at regular intervals apart. It may be
folded up with the greatest ease into the smallest possible compass in virtue of
the tubes being all in a line and parallel to one another, and when so folded
assumes the shape illustrated by Fig. 2, whilst Fig. 3 illustrates how the
folding operation is performed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my
said Invention, together with the best methods with which I am. acquainted
for carrying the samo into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly understood
that I do not confine myself to the precise details, relative proportions," or
dimensions herein-before described and set forth, as the same may be con-
siderably varied without departing from the Invention; but what I claim is,
constructing portable folding fencing of metallic wires or rods and tubing, by
preference of galvanized iron wire and tubing, substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated by the annexed Drawing, or any mero modification
of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Greening, have hereunto set my
hand and affixed my seal, this Eighth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
JOSEPHI GREENING. (L.s.)
Witness,
JOHN G. WILSON,
British & Foreign Patent Office,
1, Market Place,
Manchester.