AN IMPROVED METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PAPER MACHE, PEARL, CHINA, IVORY, HORN, WOOD, AND COM- POSITION INTO PILLARS AND. STANDS FOR TABLE AND OTHER LAMPS, AND OTHER ARTICLES OF DOMESTIC. FURNITURE
Year: 1841

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
BETTRIDGE, of the Town of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Wood
Turner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-seventh day of May, in
the fourth, year of Her reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Bettridge, Her special licence,
that I, the said Joseph Bettridge, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Joseph Bettridge, my exors, admors, and assigns,
should at any time agree, with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
MANUFACTURING PAPER MACHE, PEARL, CHINA, IVORY, HORN, WOOD, AND COM-
POSITION INTO PILLARS AND. STANDS FOR TABLE AND OTHER LAMPS, AND OTHER
ARTICLES OF DOMESTIC. FURNITURE;" in which said Letters. Patent there is
contained a proviso obliging me, the said Joseph. Bettridge, by an instru-
ment' in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascer-
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, and to cause the same to be.enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Bettridge, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained in the following description thereof, reference being
had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures marked thereon
(that is to say)-
My said Invention consists in an improved method of manufacturing of
wood, combined or not with papier maché, pearl, china, ivory, horn, and
composition, into pillars and stands for table and other lamps, and other
articles of domestic furniture herein-after mentioned. And my improved
method consists in preparing and adapting wood by means of a stove-drying
process, so as for the most part to destroy its general tendency to expand and
contract when exposed to difference of temperature, either of heat or cold,
or to damp. It is well known that the porous nature of all common woods,
and their general tendency to crack or warp when exposed to a varying tem-
perature, has heretofore prevented their being used in the more elegant
articles of domestic furniture, but I find that this state of things may be
overcome by subjecting such wood to the following processes. I proceed as
follows: I take well-seasoned birch, alder, or other wood, as shewn in
Figure 1, and I reduce it in a common turning lathe to a rough represen-
tation of the intended design, as in Figure 2. I then drill a hole through
the whole length, as shewn by the dotted line in Figure 2. I place the partly
formed pillar in a japanner's stove, and subject it to a heat commencing about
120 degrees Fahrenheit, gradually increasing it to about 250, for from seven
to ten days, according to the different texture of the wood, the more porous
requiring the longest time in stoving; and a little practice will enable the
workman readily to judge when the stove drying is sufficient. I then again
place the rough pillar, Figure 2, in a lathe, and finish turning it to the device
required, as in Figure 3, which is now ready for being ornamented by japan-
-ning, carving, or otherwise, and of having ornamental parts produced in pearl,
china, ivory, or horn, or some one or more of them, by inlaying the same.
Figure 4 shews the bottom or plinth to the pillar, which may be made by the
-same process as above described, but I prefer making it of some cast metal,
to give solidity to the lamp. In like manner I adapt wood prepared by the
above process to the manufacture of cornices, poles, and rings, as shewn in
Figures 6, 7, 8, and 9, and sometimes in making pillars for lamps. I pro-
duce a coating of papier maché, by pasting layers of paper over the entire
surface of Figures 3 and 4, in the ordinary way of producing papier maché,
and thus by the combination of wood, metal, and paper, to produce a papier

page_text: maché lamp stand in the blank, which may be japanned in the ordinary way,
and may have ornamental parts of pearl, china, ivory, composition, and horn,
or some one or more of them, produced thereto by inlaying, which is well
understood.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that what I
claim is, the method of manufacturing pillars and stands for lamps, by apply-
ing stove-dryed wood, as herein described, either ornamented or not, by the
application of papier maché, pearl, china, ivory, horn, or composition. And
I do also claim the mode of manufacturing cornices, poles, and rings of stove-
dryed wood, as herein described.
In witness whereof, I have hereto set my hand and seal, this
Twenty-fourth day of November, One thousand eight hundred and
forty-one.