matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MORTAR, CONCRETE AND ARTIFICIAL STONES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th April 1883. A communication
to him from abroad by Theodor Ferdinand Leupolt, of Zittau, in the kingdom
of Saxony
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex,
"A NEW OR IMPROVED
PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MORTAR, CONCRETE AND
ARTIFICIAL STONES," a communication to me from abroad by Theodor Ferdinand
Leupolt, of Zittau, in the kingdom of Saxony,
This invention relates to processes and apparatus for the manufacture of mortar,
concrete, and artificial stones.
It comprises a machine for purifying or mixing the raw materials, consisting of
an iron box mounted on wheels in such a manner, that the axle of the wheels passes
diagonally through the rectangular section of the box and that the box is forced
to turn with the wheels on the axle by the contact of a bolt with the spokes of a
wheel, whereby the materials in the box are continually shifted and consequently
purified and mixed.
The box is preferably closed by means of two doors the outer edges of which
meet each other at one of the upright edges of the box, in order to facilitate the
quick and complete unloading of the box.
The invention further comprises a moulding chest provided with a movable
bottom capable of being moved up and down by a pair of parallel racks and a
pair of pinions gearing into the racks and into each other. The form chest may be
surmounted by an engraved roller which impresses a pattern on the newly formed
stone, when it is pressed upward by the movable bottom.
The form chest is preferably provided on one side with a prismatic projection,
and on the opposite side with a corresponding (triangular) groove, so that the stones
produced by them interlock each other when placed side by side.
The stones are preferably shaped so that two superposed layers form at their
contact-faces rectangular channels, which compose a trellis-shaped canalisation in
the interior of the walls or blocks of stone, and which when filled with mortar form
solid connection between the stones,

page_text: Another method is to provide every stone on its four sides with one or more oval
grooves, so that a trellis-shaped canalisation is formed by placing the stones
together.
As the iron chest mounted on the axle revolves with the wheels, while the cart
is drawn along, the purifying or mixing of the materials is performed at the same
time. For the purification of the raw materials the latter are mixed with about 1/8
of their volume of water.
For making mortar, the following materials may be used:
Coarse sand washed, one half the volume of the chest ; fine sand, washed, one
A NEW OR IMPROVED WRITING AND DRAWING THIMBLE
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Herbert John Haddan, of Kensington, Middlesex for an
Invention of A NEW OR IMPROVED WRITING AND DRAWING THIMBLE com-
municated to him from abroad by Karl Weisflog, of Freiberg, in the kingdom
of Saxony
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th October 1883.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, " A NEW OR IMPROVED
WRITING AND DRAWING THIMBLE," a communication to me from abroad by Karl
Weisflog, of Freiberg, in the Kingdom of Saxony
This invention has for its object to dispense with ordinary pen-holders and
thereby to avoid writing cramp and improper position of the fingers.
For this purpose I apply to the end of the index finger an elastic metallic sleeve
resembling a thimble, but open at both ends. The pen or pencil may be of any
ordinary shape and secured to the thimble by a pair of clips or by straps applied
to the outside of the sleeve near the front end of the latter. In order to withdraw
the pen when not used the pen may be secured to a slide capable of moving in a
slot or a pair of parallel slots applied to both sides of the sleeve.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Herbert John Haddan in the Patent Office on the 16th April
1884.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "A NEW OR IMPROVED
WRITING AND DRAWING THIMBLE," a communication to me from abroad by Karl
Weisflog, of Freiberg, in the Kingdom of Saxony,
This invention has for its object to dispense with ordinary penholders and
thereby to avoid writing cramp and improper position of the fingers.
In describing the invention reference will be made to Figs 1 to 12 of the
accompanying drawing.
The appliance consists of an elastic sleeve A, applied to the end of the index
finger and which is adapted to fit different sizes of fingers.
The nib, which may be of any ordinary size or shape, is introduced at a, a',
figs 2 and 3, and thus directly operated by the index finger for the purpose of
writing.
For conveniently transporting the appliance and withdrawing the nib (or pencil,
brush or similar instrument), when not used, the same is introduced into a slide B.
(figs 4 to 7) or a slide C (figs 8 to 12) guided in slots b, 61, and e (figs 4 to 12) in
which the slide with the nib may be pushed back into the interior of the sleeve,
whereby the point of the pen is completely protected.
The slots bb¹ and e and the slides B and C are so arranged that they present no
obstacle to the point of the finger but permit to write in a convenient manner.
A NEW MODEL OF GLASS LAMP CHIMNEY THAT WILL INCREASE THE COMBUSTION AND THE LIGHT IN EVERY KIND OF LAMP
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Paul Ambroise Bayle of 29 rue de Chateaudun Paris
Engineer for an Invention of A NEW MODEL OF GLASS LAMP CHIMNEY THAT
WILL INCREASE THE COMBUSTION AND THE LIGHT IN EVERY KIND OF LAMP
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Paul Ambroise Bayle at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd April 1883.
A NEW
PAUL AMBROISE BAYLE of 29 rue de Chateaudun Paris, Engineer.
MODEL OF GLASS LAMP CHIMNEY THAT WILL INCREASE THE COMBUSTION AND THE
LIGHT IN EVERY KIND OF LAMP
This invention has for its object a new model of glass lamp chimney that will
increase the combustion and the light in every kind of lamp.
My invention is based upon the peculiar properties of the conical convergent
divergent ajutage.
The conical convergent divergent glass lamp chimney consists of two truncated
cones a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. meeting at their smaller bases (see Figure 1).
The convergent cone a. b. c. d. may be made in an angle variable the maximum
effect being obtained at about 20°. This cone may rest on a cylinder a. b. i. j
of the same diameter as its larger base and varying in length according to
circumstances.
"
The divergent cone e. f. g. h. narrows at an angle of 2° to 8°-the maximum
effect being obtained at about 5°. The diameter of the two cones at their junction
should be about half of that of the large end of the convergent cone.
The height
of the divergent cone is variable but the maximum effect is obtained when its
length is equal from seven to nine diameters of its small base.
In place of continuing the cone shape as above explained up to the top of the
apparatus it may cease for example at e. f. (see Figure 2) and finish in a cylinder.
What I claim is: a glass lamp chimney for any kind of lamp of the conical
convergent divergent form as above described.
In witness whereof I the said Paul Ambroise Bayle have hereunto set my
hand and seal this twenty first day of April in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
T. A. DAYLE
(L.B.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN BARBED FENCING
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Henry Johnson of the firm of Messieurs Richard
Johnson Clapham and Morris Metal Merchants and Manufacturers of the City
of Manchester. for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BARBED FENCING
"
•
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Henry Johnson at
- the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th June 1883.
WILLIAM HENRY JOHNSON of the firm of Messieurs Richard Johnson Clapham
and Morris, Metal Merchants and Manufacturers of the City of Manchester
IMPROVEMENTS IN BARBED FENCING"
My invention relates to the manufacture of barbed fencing and the object of my
Invention is to form a fence which cattle can readily see and at the same time to
secure the barbs to the fence in such a manner that they will not be easily disturbed
or twisted out of shape
To effect this I employ ordinary hoop iron or steel flat wire or bands or strips of
inetal for the fencing, hereinafter termed the strip fence and for each barb I use
one or more pieces (preferably two pieces) of round, half round, flat or other shaped
wire, the ends of which may be sharpened or cut off in the ordinary manner.
When two pieces of wire are employed I place one on either side of the strip fence
and twist the ends together in such a way that each end of each wire forms a point
of the barb. When a single wire is employed to form the barb I may either twist
the ends together as previously described or lap the wire once or more round the
fencing or partly round the fencing and one or both ends may be left projecting
so as to form a point or points of the barb. Two or more wires may also be secured
in this manner. The barb thus formed grips the strip fence firmly and is not easily
shifted from its proper place.
A convenient method of connecting the lengths of fencing is to bend or turn

page_text: back the ends of the strip fence to form loops or hooks and secure them by one or
more pieces of wire in the manner previously described with reference to the barbs.
In this instance, however, the barb wire or wires pass through and grip the two
looped or hooked ends of the strip fence and thus serve a double purpose forming &
fastening as well as a barb..
To enable farmers and others to readily attach extra barbs to the fence after it
is erected or to fasten the ends together I take two or more pieces of wire and
twist the ends into a barb at one end leaving the other en is open thus forming a
barb staple or I take a staple formed of a single wire and twist the closed end
and cut the wire to form a barb at the closed end. This barbed staple may be
placed over the strip fence and the open ends twisted into a barb or barbed fastening
as previously described.
When it is desired to strengthen the loops at the ends of the strip fence and to
prevent them from pulling out when any strain is. put upon them. I cut or nick
the overlapping ends and turn the pieces over and clinch them on the other side of
the strip fence.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROAL OR APPLICABLE TO PILLAR, DOOR AND OTHER LETTER BOXES
Year: 1883

page_text: "
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Devine at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th February 1883.
HENRY DEVINE of Manchester in the County of Lancaster
OR APPLICABLE TO PILLAR, DOOR AND OTHER LETTER BOXES
The object of this invention is so to improve letter boxes as to render it
impossible to withdraw a letter from the aperture after it has once been inserted.
În carrying out my invention I hinge or pivot the flap for covering the aperture
at the bottom instead of at the top as heretofore and to this flap inside the letter
box I attach or form an additional flap or shutter which serves not only as a weight
to keep the flap closed but also acts as a preventive against the withdrawal of a
letter by rising and shutting off the communication with the letter box when the
flap opens-the outer edge of this inner flap being serrated so as to obviate the
possibility of a string being inserted and drawing up a letter past the edge of
the flap.
Instead of the two flaps being connected as hereinbefore described they may be
separate or two or more similar flaps may be pivoted across the interior of the letter
box and which when in a state of rest are at such an angle that a letter may drop
past them but in case a letter is attempted to be withdrawn will rise and so by
closing together will prevent the letter passing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR LOCKING THE HAND GATES AT LEVEL RAILWAY CROSSINGS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Wilson Ringrose Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd October 1883.
HENRY WILSON RINGROSE SMITH, of the Town and County of Kingston-upon-
Hull, Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR LOCKING
THE HAND GATES AT LEVEL RAILWAY CROSSINGS
"
This invention relates to means for preventing accidents at level railway
crossings, and has for its object to provide for the locking or securing of the small
hand-gates at railway crossings, to prevent traffic through them, more particularly
by the act of closing or turning the larger or road gates against road traffic, where
such large gates are used; but the locking of the hand gates may also be effected
by the signalman from the Signal box.
In carrying out my invention I fix to the large gate, in a suitable position, a
pin or eye, which is connected by means of a link or connecting rod to one arm of
a bell-crank, conveniently mounted on a bracket projecting from the post on which
the gates are hung. From this bell crank, another connecting rod or link, having
a slot therein to receive a pin on the other arm of the lever, connects with a pin
or eye, which is fixed in a suitable position in the hand-gate. The length of the
slot in the last mentioned connecting rod, is so proportioned, as to prevent the
small gate from turning when the large gate is parallel with the railway lines; but
allows a free range when it is across the lines. The arrangements or proportions
of the several levers and connecting rods can be varied to suit the relative positions
of the two gates. In some cases the intermediate levers, or bell crank may be
di-pensed with and in lieu thereof I may employ only one link or connecting rod
to connect the large with the small gate.
In adapting my invention to the closing of the hand-gates by the signalman
from the signal box, I employ a three-armed or T-shaped rock lever, to the opposite
arms of which I connect one end of a connecting rod or link, the other end of each.
link being provided with a slot in which works a pin secured on each hand gate on
opposite sides of the lines. The thir i arm of the lever is connected to a rod which
is in connection with the hand lever at the signal box.
At a certain position of the rock lever the links will be drawn forward and the
pins on the gates will be held firmly but in another position the links will be
pushed back which will allow of the turning backward and forward of the gates
within certain limits
IMPROVED MEANS FOR SUPPLYING AN ELECTRIC CURRENT TO THE COMMUTATOR OF ELECTRO-MOTORS, OR COLLECTING THE CURRENT FROM THE COMMUTATOR OF ELECTRIC GENERATORS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Moritz Immisch, of 119 Toriano Avenue, Camden Road,
in the County of Middlesex for an Invention of "IMPROVED MEANS FOR
SUPPLYING AN ELECTRIC CURRENT TO THE COMMUTATOR OF ELECTRO-MOTORS,
OR COLLECTING THE CURRENT FROM THE COMMUTATOR OF ELECTRIC
GENERATORS"
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Moritz Immisch at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th November 1883.
MORITZ IMMISCH, of 119 Toriano Avenue, Camden Road, in the County of
Middlesex "IMPROVED MEANS FOR SUPPLYING AN ELECTRIC CURRENT TO THE
COMMUTATOR OF ELECTRO-MOTORS, OR COLLECTING THE CURRENT FROM
COMMUTATOR OF ELECTRIC GENERATORS"
r
°
THE
The main object of my invention is to provide means whereby an electric
current can be supplied to the commutator of electro-motors or collected from the
commutator of electric generators much more efficiently and with less wear of the
parts employed than by the ordinary system of brushes.
It consists essentially in the use of a suitable number of separate metallic balls,
each of which is caused to enter and fill an annular groove formed in the outer
surface of the commutator, such balls being suitably supported in a box or other
holder, so as to be capable of freely rotating therein, and preferably (by means of
springs) caused to bear with a yielding pressure upon the bottom of each groove in
the commutator.
As many of such holders as required are arranged round the commutator and
replace the brushes hitherto employed.
It will thus be seen that the contact between the balls and the commutator will
be a rolling contact, instead of the sliding contact which occurs when brushes are
employed, and it will be further seen that an economy of space is effected by this
arrangement.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE RESTS OR SUPPORTS FOR THE HEAD
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Harris Lake at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th June 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by Edward Franklin Prescott of Boston Massachusetts
United States of America
HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, "IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE RESTS OR
SUPPORTS FOR THE HEAD [a communication to him from abroad by Edward
Franklin Prescott of Boston Massachusetts United States of America]
"
The object of this invention is to provide a portable head rest by means of a
frame-work of metal rods bent into a curved shape. Preferably there are four of
these frames and they are pivoted together by a cross rod. This frame-work may
be expanded and braced apart by means of a stay rope, and the upper two sections
support a piece of cloth forming the rest. This frame-work can, upon moving the
rope, either to the right or left upon the end portions of the lower supports, be
brought flatly together and folded upon a line with the central pivots into a very
small space for packing.
The advantages arising from this construction are economy, lightness, portability,
ventilation and cleanliness.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FUSIBLE PLUGS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Graham at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 15th February 1883.
JOHN GRAHAM of East Greenwich, in the
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FUSIBLE PLUGS"
county of Kent, Brassfounder
This invention relates to the construction of an improved fusible plug, the
invention having for object to provide a fusible plug which shall have no parts
"tinned ,,
so that the plug can be easily and quickly taken to pieces and examined
without having to break any joints as at present and whereby the fusible metal
can be removed from the plug and replaced, or fresh fusible metal substituted in a
very short time.
In carrying out my invention I employ a metal cap which screws into the boiler
plate, the interior of the cap being alightly conical. I provide a thimble of fusible
metal the said thimble being formed of a conical shape so as to fit into the conical
cap; to fix the thimble in the cap I employ a screw plug which can be screwed
into and unscrewed from the cap by a suitable key or spanner. By screwing the
plug home the fusible thimble will be tightly pressed between the screw plug and
the cap so as to form a tight joint. Suitable perforations are made in the cap as
usual.
By this construction it will be readily understood that if it is desired at any
time to examine the fusible metal of the plug it is merely necessary to unscrew the
hereinbefore described screw plug and the fusible thimble can be withdrawn and
replaced, or a new thimble substituted at a trifling cost of time and labour.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INKSTANDS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Edward Godwin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th January 1883.
FRANCIS EDWARD GODWIN of London Road, Gloucester in the County of
Gloucester "IMPROVEMENTS IN INKSTANDS'
The Invention has for its object improvements in inkstands.
In carrying my Invention into effect I mount a number of ink-holders (say three)
containing inks of different qualities or colors if required, in an inkstand on separate
axes of motion or on slides in such manner that they can each be placed under and
away from a dipping aperture in the inkstand a shield being connected to each
ink vessel or to its slide or frame so that when the latter is turned from under its
respective dipping aperture the shield will come into position to shut off said
aperture.
By these means any or all of the ink-holders can be exposed for use or can be
shut off therefrom as may be desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GRAIN PURIFIERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st November 1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Louis Bandeville, of Arras, France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN GRAIN
PURIFIERS," a Communication to me from abroad by Louis Bandevillo, of Arras,
France,
This invention relates to a grain purifier for winnowing or cleaning grain by
means of a blast of air.
vertical
The apparatus chiefly comprises a frame provided with bearings for a
shaft set in motion by means of driving pulleys mounted either at the upper or
lower end of the shaft and to which motion is imparted by means of any suitable
power.
On the lower part of the shaft is mounted a cylinder provided with a series of
blades or brushes capable of being adjusted according to the nature of the grain.
This cylinder is surrounded by another cylinder preferably composed of three
parts and mounted on the frame of the machine..
Above the brush cylinder is placed a funnel surrounding the driving shaft and
provided with suitable means for the inspection of the interior of the machine.
Above the funnel and mounted on the driving shaft is a double fan the arms of
which are preferably made of malleable metal.
The supply of air is obtained by suction through a series of circumferential
slots provided with apertures governed by valves regulating the blast.
The purifier is connected with a riddle arranged in such manner that the dust
falling with the small grains is carried off into a space suitably connected with the
apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTONS OR DRESS-FASTENERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Imray at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st January 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by Woodford Pilkington of Quebec, Canada
"
JOHN IMRAY of No: 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the county
of Middlesex "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTONS OR DRESS-FASTENERS [Com-
municated to him from abroad by Woodford Pilkington of Quebec, Canada]
According to this invention, a button or dress fastener is made with a central
bush or nave which is fixed by sewing or otherwise to the garment and forms an
axis round which the plate or body of the button is free to revolve, that plate or
body being made of such a form that it can be introduced edgeways into the
button hole and can be turned partly round on its stationery axis so as to sweep
round and overlap the fabric on both sides of the buttonhole A form suitable for
this purpose somewhat resembles that of the letter S, the two curved limbs of
which can be introduced successively into the button-hole, but other forms, such as
that of a crescent may be adopted. The axis on which the body of the button
revolves may be made in several ways. It may be an eye that can be stitched to
the garment, with a shank or stem projecting through and rivetted loosely over a
hole in the centre of the button. Or it may be in the form of a round boss rivetted
loosely into the body of the button, and having through it two or more holes to
receive the thread by which it is stitched to the garment. When the body of the
button has sufficient thickness in its central part, its central hole may be made
with an internal under cut groove into which is inserted a cross-bar such that its
ends are engaged in the groove and can turn freely round therein, and this bar is
secured to the garment by stitching over it, the stitching threads passing through
the segmental holes presented on each side of the bar. By thus fixing to the
garment only the central part of the fastening, while its body is free to revolve,
the strain on the stitching thread and on the button-hole, in the act of buttoning
or unbuttoning is greatly reduced, and in case of tight buttoning the use of a
button-hook is rendered unnecessary.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SYNCHRONIZING OR SETTING CLOCKS OR OTHER TIME KEEPERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Alexander Lund at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd March 1883.
JOHN ALEXANDER LUND, Managing Director of the Standard Time and Telephone
Company Limited of Queen Victoria Street in the City of London " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SYNCHRONIZING OR SETTING CLOCKS OR OTHER TIME
KEEPERS
My invention has reference to apparatus for synchronizing or setting clocks or
other time keepers in the manner described in the specification of former Letters
Patent granted to me and dated 11th October 1876 N° 3924, that is to say, by
means of an electric current transmitted once an hour or other desired interval
from a standard or normal clock so as to cause a pair of pins fitted to each clock
which is to be synchronized or set to approach each other and take hold of the
minute hand of the clock (or a false hand on the arbor of the minute hand) and
set it to correct time if it should have lost or gained during the last interval.
The object of my present invention is to simplify and improve the mechanismı
which transmits the movement of the armature of the electro magnet to the pins
for setting the minutė hand. For this purpose instead of attaching to the armature
a pair of prongs to take into slots in a pair of levers which carry the pins, I
attach to the armature a single prong or rod on which is a rack. The levers
which carry the pins are each fitted with a pinion; the two pinions either gear
together and one of them is in gear with the rack, or a freedom is left between
the pinions and the rack on the rod is doubled and brought into gear with
each pinion. When the armature is attracted by the electro magnet on the arrival
of the electric current from the standard clock the rack moves with it and thereby
imparts a sufficient revolution to the pinions to bring the pair of pins together and
set the minute hand..
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF VELOCIPEDE SADDLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph White and John Asbury
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th May 1883.
JOSEPH WHITE of Coventry in the County of Warwick, Watch Manufacturer
and JOHN ASBURY of Coventry in the County of Warwick, Mechanician
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF VELOCIPEDE SADDLES."
The object of the invention is to provide Velocipedes with a saddle which will
afford a yielding elastic seat to the rider, giving both to the vertical motions of the
velocipede, when passing over an obstruction in the road, and to the lateral
inclination of the body of the rider, without permitting of any to-and-fro motion
of the saddle on its supports.
To this end we mount the saddle iron on helical springs by preference three in
These springs are
number one at the pommel and two at the back of the saddle.
carried by a base plate which is formed with a socket on its underside to receive
a horizontal portion of a supporting stem, which socket permits of the horizontal
adjustment of the saddle, it being made fast to the stem by a binding screw.
springs are secured to the base plate by clamping nuts, and are similarly connected
at their upper ends with the saddle iron.
The
To prevent the swaying of the springs in the direction of the progress of the
vehicle an elastic or yielding stay is provided which will serve as a strut for the
saddle, and check all tendency to a longitudinal motion while at the same time it
offers no obstruction to the tipping of the saddle in either direction under the
weight of the rider.
This stay or strut we connect at one end either rigidly or by a hinged joint, to
the base plate and at its other end to the saddle iron. When the stay is made
elastic, it may be connected rigidly at its opposite ends to the base plate and
saddle iron respectively but when non elastic it may be hinged to the base plate,
and connected by a ball and socket joint to the saddle iron; in either case it will
allow of the free play of the springs while preventing their receiving a to-and-fro
motion in the line of travel of the vehicle.
A NEW OR IMPROVED NEEDLE AND APPARATUS FOR SEWING SHOES AND OTHER LEATHER GOODS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lorentz Albert Groth at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th October 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by Friedrich Schumacher, Proprietor of the firm of Conrad
Stickel, of Stuttgart in the empire of Germany.
LORENTZ ALBERT GROTH, K,G,V. Civil Engineer and Managing Director of The
Universal Inventors and Patentees Financial Company Limited, 30 Finsbury
Pavement London E.C. "A NEW OR IMPROVED NEEDLE AND APPARATUS FOR
SEWING SHOES AND OTHER LEATHER GOODS A communication to me from abroad
by Friedrich Schumacher Proprietor of the firm of Courad Stickel of Stuttgart in
the German Empire,
"
This invention consists in the combination of a hooked shape needle and a bolt
or bar, the said needle and bolt or bar, being fastened by means of adjustable
screws in the socket, or sockets, of a holder provided with a suitable handle.
For making Tent stitches the bolt or bar is straight and secured in a position
parallel to the needle.
For chain stitching the bolt or bar is provided at the top with a moveable arm,
held in upright position by a spring, and so arranged as to move towards the
needle.
When now the needle has been pushed through the leather, the thread is carried
round the moveable arm and the needle, so as to form a loop and while the needle
is drawn back through the leather the thread is held stretched, and the arm bends
downwards just slipping the loop the moment the hook carries it through the
leather to the other side.
For Tent stitching, as aforesaid, a straight bolt or bar is used round which, and
likewise round the needle the thread is slung and held stretched, until the needle
carries the loop through the leather.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO CRADLES, ROCKING-HORSES, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS ARTICLES, FOR IMPARTING MOTION THERETO 33
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Oliver John Haddock at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th August 1883.
OLIVER JOHN HADDOCK, of Selly Oak, in the County of Worcester, Station
Master, in the Service of the Midland Railway Company, and temporarily of the
Patent Office, Broad Street Corner, Birmingham. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
APPLICABLE TO CRADLES, ROCKING-HORSES, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS ARTICLES, FOR
IMPARTING MOTION THERETO
33
The object of this Invention, which relates to certain improvements in or
applicable to cradles, rocking horses, and other analogous articles, is to combine
therewith in a simple and effective manner means of automatically imparting
motion thereto or of effecting any required movement thereof, and thus to dispense
with the necessity of manual or personal attention for such purpose.
According to one modification of the present Invention, I aflix to one side of the
rockers or rocking frame of the cradle or horse or other article, an arrangement of
motive apparatus, which I cause to be effective in imparting the desired motion to
the frame by means of a connecting rod which I pivot to a fixed part resting on
the floor or ground and upon which part the rocking frame is mounted. In this
arrangement the motive power may advantageously consist of a coiled spring or of
any equivalent means of imparting motion, which I locate on a journal between
two plates, which by other journals also support a series of spur and pinion
gearing, by means of which rotary motion is communicated from the said spring to
& shaft projecting from the apparatus, and having on its outer extremity an
adjustable link one end of which is connected to the free end of the said connecting
rod, the other one of which is pivoted to a fixed part of the frame as aforesaid, the
connection is thus such that the rotary motion of the said shaft causes the frame
to be rocked as desired: and the extent of this rocking may be regulated by
adjusting the said link to any position desired. If it be required to set the
apparatus for any specified time, it may be effected by winding the spring to the
desired degree, and if it be required to stop the apparatus at any intermediate
time it may be effected by means of a pawl or other simple contrivance arresting
the gearing or otherwise operating.

page_text: In another modification wherein substantially the same arrangement of motive
apparatus may be employed, I affix the latter to the fixed part of the frame, and
cause the connecting rod to be connected to the rocking part thereof to impart the
motion thereto.
In other modifications, the arrangement of the motive apparatus may itself be
varied, so long as that it may be adaptable to the parts.and capable of operating
the desired motion substantially in the manner hereinbefore described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN, WINNOWING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th May 1883. Com-
municated to him from abroad by Hermann Schmid, of Budapest, in the
Austro-Hungarian Empire,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex,
WINNOWING MACHINES" a communication to me from abroad by Hermann
Schmid, of Budapest, in the Austro-Hungarian Empire,
This invention has for its object to clean grain and other seeds from impurities
by a machine which is lighter, smaller and simpler than ordinary winnowing
machines of the same power.
For this purpose. I place the fan immediately under the sieves, instead of at the
side, and adapt the machine otherwise to act as follows:
The grain introduced through a hopper falls on a regulating board, which can
be placed at any desired angle, so as to obtain a quicker or slower feed of the
grain.
After having been sieved the grain arrives in the air channel, where it is cleaned
by the fan, and from which it falls on a tray before passing out of the machine.
The said tray may be provided with one or more sieves.
The fan is preferably set in motion by a pair of spurwheels and a crank
mounted on the axle of the larger wheel, and the shaking motion of the sieves is
derived from the same axle by means of a crank, connecting rods and levers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICAL COMMUNICATION ON RAILWAY TRAINS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Willoughby Vining at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st January 1883.
ROBERT WILLOUGHBY VINING of Liverpool in the county of Lancaster
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO APPARATUS FOR ELECTRICAL COMMUNICATION
ON RAILWAY TRAINS
"
This invention has for its object a simple plan of telegraphing between passengers
guards and engine drivers in trains by means of electricity. It consists in giving
the alarm by completing the circuit, and for convenience so as to only require a
single battery, I prefer that to be placed on the engine. The line wire runs along
the top of the carriages or in any convenient manner, and is joined by a simple
double socket joint, namely each end has a socket, and a point pointing backwards
from the end; the point of one enters the socket of the other, The sockets have
each a spring at bottom with platinum or other non-corrosive plate at end to abut
against point. The line at the ends of the carriages near the junctions is formed
of coiled spring so as to allow the carriages free play. The return wire is formed
by the rails or draw bars. On each carriage above the window I place a small
double window, and above space between the glasses, a weighty red glass semaphore
is held by a spring latch, on each side of the said space are metallic springs, one
connected with the earth current or rail, the other with the line wire on the
carriage roof. A button is placed in the carriage covered by glass case or not as
desired, by pulling or pressing this button, the spring catch is brought back, and
the glass semaphore falls, showing by the carriage lights a red light at night, and
equally observable by day. The semaphore in descending scrapes with its metallic
bottom the two springs, thus forming and maintaining contact, and ringing the
bell till the semaphore is replaced, by being drawn up above the catch by a loop or
hook on the top of the carriage, or by other suitable mechanism. The guards liave
a simple contact maker, so that they can telegraph signals to the engine driver.
The electricity can ring a bell on the engine, but I prefer for it by an electro-
magnet, and armature to actuate the valve of a steam whistle, this can be done by
either turning a valve or drawing it out.
In conclusion I would observe that all the working parts of my apparatus are
under cover and not exposed to the weather in any way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRICAL INSULATORS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th August 1883. Communicated
to him from George Westinghouse Junior of Pittsburg Pennsylvania, United
States of America Civil Engineer
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman" IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRICAL INSULATORS " a communication to
me from George Westinghouse Junior of Pittsburg Pennsylvania, United States
of America Civil Engineer
This Invention has for its object to provide insulators for Electrical purposes
which insulators shall be free from the leakage and loss of the current which is
such a serious defect in the ordinary insulators as hitherto made. To accomplish
this I take a material having sulphate of lime for its base such as gypsum or
plaster of Paris or the like and after cutting or forming the same by turning or
otherwise treating it to form it as required. I submit it to a process of dehydration
to expel a great proportion of the Moisture. This process is conducted by
preference gradually and when it has been effected to the required extent the
articles are removed from the drying chamber and are allowed to cool gradually
and they, are then immersed in a bath of Salts of magnesia carbonate or sulphate
of potash or soda Sulphates of iron and Copper alum Sulphuric acetic or oxalic
acids ammonia bichromate of Potash, potash, Cyanide of Potassium or other
acetates oxalates sulphates carbonates or their equivalents which will have a like
indurating or hardening effect upon the articles. It is preferred to immerse them
for a short time then take them out and dry them and then to immerse them again
and so on alternately immersing them in the bath and drying them the periods of
immersion increasing in duration as they succeed each other. The articles when
thus treated may be immersed in or covered with oil, or paraffin wax or the like-
It will be understood that the material may be treated as described and afterwards
be cut into shape. In some cases it may not be found necessary to specially
indurate the material and then the indurating and the dehydrating processes inay
be omitted.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Ambrose Brydges at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1883. Communicated
to me by Franz Otto Spielhagen of the city of Berlin in the German Empire
aforesaid
EDWIN AMBROSE BRYDGES of the firm of Brydges & Co Engineers and Patent
Solicitors of 107 Koeniggraetzer Str in the City of Berlin and German Empire.-
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP a communication to me by Franz
Otto Spielhagen of the City of Berlin in the German Empire aforesaid.
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of soap, called,
"Petroleum Soap" as Petroleum or its equivalent is used in the manufacture of
such said Soap, which has before all other known soaps the advantage of greater
ductility combined with a considerable saving in its use. Special mention should
also be made of the cheapness of its production in comparison with other known
modes for the manufacture of soap, as instead of using cocoa-nut oil I make use of
refined petroleum or its equivalent.
The process of manufacture of the petroleum soap is as follows.
About 33 per cent petroleum are mixed with about 1 per cent spirit. About
66 per cent fat or oil are heated to 45° Centigrade: the fat or oil so heated, is
then taken out of the boiler and put into a tub, the mixture of petroleum and
spirit added to it and the whole well mixed by stirring.
To this mixture is further added about 50 per cent of 40 per cent strong caustic lye
of soda, also 25 per cent of water-glass and 25 per cent of silicate of alumina,
infusorial earth or similar substances, and the whole mixture then briskly stirred
until the same has grown so thick and solid, that it can only be worked with great
difficulty. Every soap maker would now declare that the process of soap making
has reached its termination but according to my process the manipulation of
stirring with forked sticks or other suitable objects must be continued until the
mass begins to steam and is again converted into a fluid condition. The chemical
process which thereby takes place causes such an amount of heat that the combine i
mass gelatinises or becomes a viscid mass.
After the mass has assumed a soapy or pasty form the same is poured in this
viscid state into moulds which are either chosen to represent a certain weight or
some other mode of measuring can be employed, and the mass then left to cool for

page_text: about 24 hours.
After that time the mass has again acquired the solid state and
is ready for cutting.
The further process is the same as known; the soap is dried and brought in the
market for use.
The proportions given for the mixture of the aforementioned substances may be
varied according to the quality of the soap to be made, and one of the afore-
mentioned ingrediences may even be left out without departing from the tenor of
my said invention.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Gray Rodham at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th March 1883.
_RICHARD GRAY RODHAM of 5 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS
"
According to this invention I construct steam generators or boilers in sections
each section being composed of any suitable number of water heating tubes formed
as hereafter described screwed into connecting tubes at either end.
According to this Invention when the aforesaid water heating tubes are made of
wrought iron or steel I form their ends taper in moulds by any suitable means so
that the said ends of the heating tubes are reduced in diameter and increased in
thickness. The objects of this are to give an increased thickness of metal in which
to cut the threads entering the connecting tubes, and to allow the use of smaller
holes in connecting tubes.
It may be found necessary that the connecting tubes aforesaid should have
struck into them by a die small flat seats to receive the ends of the heating tubes.
Each section of heating and connecting tubes is complete in itself and the connecting
pipes thereof are so attached by screwed couplings or otherwise that they may be
quickly uncoupled and sections removed and the boiler continued in work without
such sections.
In some cases according to this invention (such as for boilers employed in
torpedo boats) I employ an arrangement of screw plugs hereinafter described
fitted to the said steam and water pipes which enables one or more sections to be
thrown out of working without removing them or even stopping the remainder of
sections composing boiler.
I arrange the aforesaid screw plugs so that one being on steam pipe above and
another on water pipe below I can test each section in succession by them and so
find out which section has broken down and shut it off accordingly from the rest.
If in some cases the boiler has a separate connection for feed water in addition to
steam and blow off of course another valve must be placed on this opening.
In constructing a boiler with sections as hereinbefore described it may be arranged
that the heating tubes are placed_horizontally or nearly so or that they may be
placed vertically or nearly so. In either cases the sections will be constructed

page_text: connected and may be withdrawn as herein before described and also in either case
the gasses of combustion may be led in a serpentine course through suitable flues to
chimney or otherwise broken up in contact with tubes so as to obtain the greatest
economy of fuel.
In those cases in which the heating tubes are vertical or nearly so they will be
fitted with internal circulating pipes.
The furnaces may be constructed under the tubes as in ordinary water tube
boilers or may be arranged as a fire brick combustion chamber either underneath
or external to the boiler
The boilers may be also provided with an economiser fitted in the waste gas flue
leading to chimney (as common in Lancashire and other boilers) which economiser
could be of same general construction as boiler.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE FROM SEWAGE AND SUCH LIKE MATERIALS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Howard Kidd of Wrexham in the County of
Denbigh Engineer for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF MANURE FROM SEWAGE AND SUCH LIKE MATERIALS
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Howard Kidd at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th November 1883.
JOHN HOWARD KIDD, of Wrexham in the County of Denbigh, Engineer
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE FROM SEWAGE AND SUCH
LIKE MATERIALS"
.
My invention consists in taking either dried sewage sludge or dried excretal
matter and after adding to it as much Sulphuric acid as it will absorb or more or
less, placing it in trays in a purifier, so as to allow the gas, which is generated in
the retorts, after cooling, to be passed through such purifying materials for the
purpose of fixing any free Ammonia that might otherwise pass away with the gas
and be lost.
Such process may be applied to any other form of evaporator or drying machine,
for the purpose of fixing the Ammonia which would otherwise escape.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Howard Kidd in the Patent Office on the 27th May
1884.
JOHN HOWARD KIDD of Wrexham in the County of Denbigh, Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE FROM SEWAGE AND SUCH
LIKE MATERIALS
"
My invention consists in taking either dried sewage sludge or dried excretal
matter and after adding to it as much sulphuric acid as it will absorb or more
or less, placing it in trays in a purifier, so as to allow the gas, which is generated
in the retorts after cooling, to be passed through such purifying materials for the
purpose of fixing any free ammonia that might otherwise pass away with the gas
and be lost.
In performing my Invention I employ an ordinary coal gas purifier in which I
place dried sewage sludge or dried excretal matter treated with Sulphuric Acid in
the proportion of two parts of dried sewage sludge and one part of Sulphuric Acid
I then pass coal gas (which has been previously cooled) through the purifier and
the Sulphuric Acid arrests and causes the sewage sludge or other material to
absorb any free ammonia that the coal gas may contain or instead of coal gas
I distil ammoniacal liquor and pass the vapour through the purifier or I distil
the sewage sludge and pass the vapour obtained through the purifier charged in
each case with a mixture of dried sewage sludge or dried excretal matter combined
with about one half its weight of Sulphuric Acid as already described.
Such process may be applied to any other form of evaporator or drying machine,
for the purpose of fixing the ammonia which would otherwise escape.
Having stated the nature of my Invention and described the manner of
performing the same
I declare that I claim
The improvements in the manufacture of manure from sewage and such like
materials, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof I the said John Howard Kidd have hereunto set my hand
and seal this thirteenth day of May One thousand eight hundred and eighty
four.