IMPROVEMENTS IN EVAPORATING BRINE AND CERTAIN OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
WILLIAM HARRISON PICKERINO, of Liverpool, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Eritain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twentieth day of
March, One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, in the twelfth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles William Harrison Pickering, my exors, adññiors, and assigns,
Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
Charles William Harrison Pickering, my exors, adñors, and assigns, and such
others as I, the said Charles William Harrison Pickering, my exors, adñors,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales,
and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
EVAPORATING BRINE AND CERTAIN OTHER FLUIDS," communicated to me from
abroad; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said
Charles William Harrison Pickering, should cause a particular description of
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be
inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more
fully and large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles William Harrison Pickering, do hereby declare that the nature of

page_text: the said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed,
are fully described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the figures and
letters marked thereon, that is to say:-
The Invention consists of a peculiar arrangement of boiling or evaporating
pans, that by means of certain openings or sluices a regular system of circula-
tion is obtained in the brine or other fluid; and also combined therewith an
arrangement of steam pipes, in order that steam may be used with greater
advantage in the evaporation of brino in the manufacture of copperas and in
boiling and evaporating other liquids.
pan
The annexed Drawing shews the arrangement by which the Invention is
carried into practice. A, B, is a pan, made of any suitable material, which is
deeper at A in order that the heating apparatus D, D, through which the
steam is to pass (the same being supported upon an iron cradle) may be at
some distance from the bottom, so that the salt, copperas, or other matter
which is deposited under the pipes D, D, may be easily drawn to the sides of
the and then removed. In the pan A, B, a partition C, C, placed across
at the commencement of the deep part in which the openings for the sluices
a, b, b, are made. The openings for the sluices b, b, being open from the top
downwards to within a few inches of the bottom of the pan, the opening for
the sluice a is open from the bottom upwards for a few inches, the effect of this
arrangement being that these openings canse the cool or cooler fluid to flow
back through the sluice a into the deep end of the pan. The fluid in the
pan A, becoming heated by pipes D, D, ascends and passes through the
openings or sluices b, b, to the shallow part of the pan, rendering the circula-
tion of the fluid complete and regular. By the Drawing it will be seen that
the part of the pan at A is deeper than at B; this is in order to admit the
steam pipe or tubes, so that the top of them is upon a level with the bottom
of the shallow part of the pan at B and leave a depth under them. The
incline which is introduced where the deep and shallow parts of the pan join
is in order that the colder fluid may at once freely descend to the bottom and
diffuse itself under the steam pipes D, D. The second pan or vessel, shewn
in the Drawing at F, F, with steam piping D, D, is to be placed above or at
the side, and merely serves to heat or warm the cold brine or fluid by means
of the steam which has passed through the pipes in the lower pan A previous
to the brine or fluid flowing into the pan A, B, to make up for the evaporation
which is constantly going on, and so keep the pan A, B, always at a level.
The steam is to be supplied from a high-pressure steam boiler, and the
steam will enter the pipes D, D, at E, E, where there are cocks f.f, to

page_text: regulate the flow, and the steam will escape at g, g, where there are cocks
into the conducting tubes h, h, to the pipes D, D, in the upper pan or vessel
F, and the steam and the water resulting from condensation will pass off at j;
and to economize full as much as possible, the hot water so obtained may be
used to supply the steam boiler.
Having described the nature of the Invention, and the manner in which
it is performed, I would state that I do not claim as the Invention the use of
steam pipes for heating brine and other fluids; nor do I confine myself to the
details of the construction of the pan A, B, so long as the peculiar character
of the Invention be retained; but what I claim is,―
First, the so arranging boiling and evaporating pans that they being divided
may, by means of openings or sluices, cause the brine or other fluid when
heated to circulate, and in such manner that the heavier will move through
the opening or openings at the bottom, and then, becoming heated and
expanded, will rise and flow out into the other part of the pan through the
openings at the top or upper part.
Secondly, I claim the peculiar construction of pan in combination with
steam pipes whereby one end of the pan, being considerably deeper than the
other, admits of receiving the steam pipes in such manner as to leave a space
below them, and so that the brine or fluid in entering the deeper part of the
pan has to descend, and, becoming heated gradually, ascends and flows back
into the shallow part, thus, when aided by the openings or sluices, keeping up
a continuous circulation throughout.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles William Harrison Pickering,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of September, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.