Improvements in Securing the Tarpaulin Covers of Ships' Hatches.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Feb., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Sept., 1596-Accepted. 24th Oct., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Securing the Tarpaulin Covers of Ships' Hatches.
I, THOMAS LLOYD, of 7 Seafield Terrace, South Shields, in the County of
Durham, Master Mariner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention refers to the "cleats" into which the wedges are driven to secure
the tarpaulins between the hatch "coamings" and the "batten" bar with the
object of preventing said wedges being loosened and washed out by the shipping
of seas in stormy weather.
In the ordinary systems the "cleats" are each separately rivetted on at intervals
along the "coamings," the wedges projecting at one or both ends and heing thus
exposed to the force of the sea on their undersides are frequently loosened. and-
washed out.
According to my invention I propose to form the "cleats" as part of a
continuous bar rivetted to the "coamings" along the sides and ends, which bar
will preferably be of rolled or forged iron or steel, or may be of cast steel or
cast malleable iron and it will be in section of similar shape to the ordinary.
"cleats" but the bottom portion, in which the wedge rests, will be continued the
full length so that the projecting, ends of the wedges are protected from the upward
wash of the sea. In order to facilitate the folding of the tarpaulin cover, or covers,...
at the corners I propose to provide for the insertion of wedges near to each
corner so that the cover (or covers) being hauled tight and folded, the corners.
will be perfectly closed watertight and so wedged and secured. When made of
rolled iron or steel the "cleat" bars will be at first of one depth throughout and
cut out on their upper portion between the "cleats" to facilitate the insertion of
the wedges and the upstanding portion forming the "cleat" may be turned inward,
along the top edge.to form a lip to further secure the wedges.
The "batten" bars may be in two or more lengths so that a portion or portions
of the tarpaulin covers may be released and laid back without disturbing the other
portion.
Dated this 19th day of February 1896..
T. J. DANSON;
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Agent for Applicant.
COMPLET
ATION
Improvements in Securing the Tarpaulin Covers of Ships' Hatches.
I, THOMAS LLOYD of 7 Seafield Terrace South Shields in the County' of
Durham, Master Mariner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in-
what manner the same is to be performed to be: particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention refers to the "cleats" into which the wedges are driven to secure?:
the tarpaulins between the hatch "coamings," and the "batten" bar with the
object of preventing said-wedges being loosened and washed out by the shipping.
of seas in stormy weather:.

page_text: In the ordinary systems the "cleats" are each separately rivetted on at intervals
along the "coamings," the wedges projecting at one or both ends and being thus
exposed to the force of the sea on their undersides are frequently loosened and
washed out.
According to my invention I propose to form the "cleats" as part of a continuous
bar rivetted to the "coamings" along the sides and ends, which bar will preferably
be of rolled or forged iron or steel or may be of cast steel or cast malleable iron
and it will be in section of similar shape to the ordinary "cleats" but the bottom
portion, in which the wedge rests, will be continued the full length so that the
projecting ends of the wedges are protected from the upward wash of the sea. In
order to facilitate the folding of the tarpaulin cover, or covers, at the corners
I propose to provide for the insertion of wedges near to each corner so that the
cover (or covers) being hauled tight and folded, the corners will be perfectly closed
watertight and so wedged and secured. When made of rolled iron or steel the
"cleat" bars will be at first of one depth throughout and cut out on their upper
portion between the "cleats" to facilitate the insertion of the wedges and the
upstanding portion forming the "cleat" may be turned inward along the top edge
to form a lip to further secure the wedges.
The "batten" bars may be in two or more lengths so that a portion or portions
of the tarpaulin covers may be released and laid back without disturbing the other
portion.
On the accompanying sheet of drawings my invention is illustrated as I propose
to carry it into practical application although modifications may be made as to
details.
Figs. 1, 14 show a section and plan, approximately one quarter size of a corner
of the hatch in which the "batten" bar is wedged against the side of the
coaming.
Figs. 2, 24 shew a section and plan in which the "batten" bar is wedged against
the bottom of the cleat, and it is necessary to have an upper flange for the wedges
to bear against.
Figs. 3, 34 shew a side elevation partly in section of the hatch and a plan one half
with the tarpaulin sheet and hatch cover removed to approximately one half inch
per foot.
The same letters refer to the various corresponding parts on all the figures.
"
A is the "coaming," B the hatch covers, C the cleat bar rivetted to the
"coaming," to receive the wedges D, E is the tarpaulin cover, F the "batten
or binding bar, G are the beams across the hatch, supported in sockets H rivetted
on inside of the "coaming" to carry the hatch covers.
The cleat bar C may be carried continuously around the sides and ends of the
hatch coaming or may be made in sections and there will always be a pair of wedges
close up to the corner of the hatch. The "batten" or binding bar F may be made
in separate lengths so as to allow of the tarpaulin cover E being folded back
from one portion of the hatch without disturbance of the other portion and these
"batten" bars will preferably be curved at the corners of the hatch so as to follow
around and bind the tarpaulin close at such corners.
The wedges D are shewn "folding" which is preferred but single wedges may
be used in certain cases.
The cleat bar C will preferably be rolled iron or steel of the sections shewn
on Figs. 1 and 2 and in section 2 will be cut away between the wedges as at ☑
Fig. 3 to facilitate the insertion and withdrawal of the wedges when the batten
bar is laid in flat as in Figs. 2 and 24 the outer ledge of the cleat bar will, when
fitted all round, be cut away as shewn to insert the "batten" bars but when the
bottom bar is wedged against the hatch coaming as in Figs. 1, 14 the section as
rolled will be unaltered as the wedges can be inserted wherever required.
The cleat bar C may be made in separate lengths of cast steel or cast malleable

page_text: iron, instead of being rolled, and rivetted to the coaming to form a continuous
cleat but I prefer the method shewn in which rolled iron or steel bars are used.
When, as may happen in some cases, the section Fig. 2 cannot be readily obtained
rolled, the section Fig. 1 may be used by rivetting to its upper vertical flange
a plain angle iron of the required length to receive the wedges as shewn on
Figs. 2 20.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :
The application of "cleats" consisting of continuous trough shaped bars of
rolled iron or steel or of cast steel or cast malleable iron or other suitable metals
rivetted to the hatch coamings, in suitable lengths to receive the wedges at
required positions, of such section as to wedge the tarpaulin covers either against
the coaming as shewn by Figs. 1 and 14 or against the bottom of the cleat bars as
shewn by Figs. 2 and 24 in such manner that the wedges are entirely protected
from being loosened by the wash of the sea, or the modified form of construction
shewn by Figs. 28 and 2° substantially as described and shewn.
Dated September 3rd 1896.
T. J. DANSON, F. Inst. P.A.,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Agent for Applicant.