Improvements in the Arrangement and Combination of Gearing which is applicable to Slubbing, Intermediate, and Roving Frames for Preparing Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 25th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 10th Oct., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Arrangement and Combination of Gearing
which is applicable to Slubbing, Intermediate, and Roving
Frames for Preparing Fibrous Materials.
We, SAMUEL HERBERT BROOKS, of Union Iron Works, Gorton, and Junction
Iron Works, Miles Platting, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machine
Maker, and GEORGE SHAW, of 21 Albert Grove, Longsight, Manchester
aforesaid, Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention to be
as follows:-
Our invention relates to combinations and arrangements of gearing applicable to
slubbing, intermediate and roving frames for preparing fibrous materials to be used
for transmitting the variable speed of rotation required by the bobbins of such
frames to wind up the twisted sliver as it is produced, arrangements hitherto used
for such purpose being commonly termed "differential gearing."
The principal advantage of our invention is that varying rotary motion may be
transmitted through our arrangement of gearing from the cone drums with no
strain upon the cone straps except the power required to produce the excess or
diminished speed of the bobbins.
According to our invention we take the rotary motion from the second or driven
cone drum of the slubbing, intermediate or roving frame by gearing to a spur wheel
on a boss or sleeve which can rotate freely on the main or first motion driving shaft.
of the frame.
This boss or sleeve has a skew bevel wheel formed or cast upon it or upon a disc
upon the boss, which skew bevel wheel gears with two bevel pinions, one pinion is
upon the end of a short shaft having its bearings upon an arm or disc, or a boss or
sleeve free to rotate on the main driving shaft and the other bevel pinion is arranged
in like manner but on the opposite side of the main driving shaft.
Each short shaft has a worm secured upon it, and each worm gears with the
worm wheel secured on the main first motion driving shaft.
The boss or sleeve of the arms or the disc carrying the axes of the bevel pinions
has a spur wheel upon it which gives motion to the shafts driving the bobbins.
Two bevel pinions and worms have been mentioned but more or less may in some
cases be employed if desired.
Helical gear may be used instead of the worm wheel and worms and also instead
of the skew bevel and pinion.
"
The speed of the bobbin may be made to gain on that of the flyer as in "bobbin
lead or the speed of the bobbin may be made to lose on that of the flyer as in
"flyer lead," according to the direction of the thread of the worms and the gearing
may be made to increase or decrease the uniform speed imparted by the main shaft
by rotating the skew bevel wheel accordingly.
Dated this Twenty-fifth day of November 1890.
PETER J. LIVSET,
Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Arrangement and Combination of Gearing
which is applicable to Slubbing, Intermediate, and Roving
Frames for Preparing Fibrous Materials.
We, SAMUEL HERBERT BROOKS, of Union Iron Works, Gorton, and Junction
Iron Works, Miles Platting, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machine
Maker, and GEORGE SHAW, of 21 Albert Grove, Longsight, Manchester
aforesaid, Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to combinations and arrangements of gearing applicable to
slubbing, intermediate and roving frames for preparing fibrous materials to be used
for transmitting the variable speed of rotation required by the bobbins of such
frames to wind up the twisted sliver as it is produced; arrangements hitherto used
for such purpose being commonly termed "differential gearing."
In the ordinary "differential gearing" there is a bevel wheel fast on the main
shaft that gears with one or two bevel wheels which rotate on axes carried on a
spur wheel free to rotate on the main shaft, and the two bevels carried on the spur
wheel, gear with a bevel wheel (which may be termed the bobbin wheel) loose on
the main shaft from which motion is transmitted to the bobbins which are to
receive variable rotary motion.
When the spur wheel on the main shaft is held from rotating or is stationary
there is no variation in rotary speed transmitted through the bevel wheel, but when
the spur wheel is rotated one way or the other, the rotary speed transmitted from
the main shaft is modified and is increased or decreased according to the direction
and speed imparted to the spur wheel which is rotated by a pinion on a shaft driven
by the ordinary cone drums. If a weight is placed say on a lever extending from
the spur wheel loose on the main shaft sufficient to prevent the spur wheel from
revolving when power is being transmitted through the bevel wheels, such weight
at the point of leverage at which it was suspended would represent the power being
then transmitted at a given speed, and this weight would also represent the
proportion of strain upon the belt between the cone drums when working without
increasing or decreasing speed and this shows that there is a constant strain on the
belt between the cones with such gearing even when the belt of the cone drums is
not imparting an increase of speed..
For this reason, the belts of cone drums for preparing machines acting through
ordinary differential gearing, are a source of great trouble, and they are so much
overtaxed as to cause uncertain and irregular driving.
The principal advantage of our invention is that varying rotary motion may
be transmitted through our arrangement of gearing from the cone drums without
strain upon the strap between the cone drums, except that required to transmit
the power to produce the required increase or decrease of speed in the bobbins
to be driven at a changing rotary speed, and this is effected in our invention
by making the main shaft the basis or fulcrum from which the increased or
decreased speed is to be transmitted, and employing a worm or worms, and
worm wheel, or helically toothed gear, the axis or axes of which is or are
carried round with the main shaft, but are rotated on their own axes by the
cone drums.
Fig. 1 is an elevation looking towards the bevel wheel loose on the main
driving shaft, the casing for enclosing the gearing and the main shaft and sleeve
transmitting rotary motion to the bobbins being shown in section.
Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation taken in the line of the longitudinal axis of the
main shaft. These two views illustrate one modification of our invention.
Fig. 3 is an clevation looking towards the skew bevel wheel loose on the main

page_text: shaft, the disc on the right of Fig. 4 being supposed removed by cutting through
the parts carrying the bearings of the worm shafts, and
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation in the line of the axis of the main shaft, the
Figures 3 and 4 illustrating another modification of our invention.
Figs. 5 and 6 are views corresponding respectively with Figs. 1 and 2 of
another modification in which helically toothed worms or gearing are used.
Figs. 7 and 8 are views corresponding respectively to Figs. 5 and 6 showing
another modification of our invention.
Fig. 9 is an elevation partly in section showing the application of that
modification illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2, to and its combination with slubbing,
intermediate and roving frames, which figure will also explain the combination of
the other modifications with such machines.
In the modification illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2, a is a part of the main shaft of
a slubbing, intermediate or roving frame, which is arranged and driven in the
ordinary manner, and drives by ordinary arrangements of gearing, the spindles,
rollers, traverse motion, and cone drums, and other mechanism, and also the bobbins ;
the differential gearing according to our invention alone being different from the
mechanism of ordinary slubbing, intermediate or roving frames.
There is a casting, secured on the main shaft a by a set screw or other means,
in which bearings are formed for two shafts c and secured on each shaft there is a
worm d, the ends of which fit close against the bearings for the shaft c, so that the
shafts and worms can freely rotate but cannot move endways.
g
On one end of each worm shaft c, a spur wheel is secured, that gears with
one el free to rotate on a stud 2 from or secured in the casting b and to the spur
wheel e' in each case a bevel wheel is secured, which gears with a bevel wheel
that can rotate freely on the main shaft a and the sleeve or boss g² of this bevel is
driven by suitable gearing from the driven cone of the cone drums at a speed equal
to that of the main shaft a and greater or less than such speed when rotary motion
is to be added to or subtracted from the speed of the main shaft a.
For lubricating purposes the outer end of each stud e² for the spur and bevel
wheels and, has a hollow cap collar h, secured to it by a set screw, and the end
of the collar is or may be made upon the ink bottle principle, from which the ink
will not flow when the bottle is upset.
A tube is shown in dotted line which descends to nearly the bottom of the
cavity in the hollow collar for lubricant, and through the tube, oil is supplied,
so that it will not flow or be thrown out, by centrifugal force.
The end of each collar comes into a recess in the inside of one part of the cover i
enclosing the gearing.
This cover is loose and free to rotate on the exterior of the sleeve that drives the
bobbins hereinafter referred to, and the projections from the collars h, entering the
recesses in the inside of the cover i causes it to revolve with, and at the same speed
as the main shaft a.
There are holes in the cover opposite the tubes h¹ in the ends of the collars,
through which lubricant is supplied.
There are also projections or branches from the casting b at the bearings for
the worm shafts c for lubricating purposes, these branches & being tubes into each
of which a cone tube 63 is inserted, through which lubricant is supplied, and it is
prevented from escaping as explained in reference to the tubular collars h, and there
are holes in the cover i, through which lubricant can be supplied to the bearings of
the worm shafts c.
The bevel wheel g on the main shaft a has a dish part g¹ cast to it and the edge
of this dish comes and runs freely within the casing i so that by means of the
dish g' of the bevel wheel g, and the casing i, the gearing is completely enclosed.
The two worms d gear with a worm wheel k, loose on the main shaft a and the
boss of this worm wheel has a square hole in it or a slot across it, which fits and
a which
drives a head or square formed upon a sleeve loose on the main shaft

page_text: reference to Fig. 9.
From the loose sleeve / by suitable gearing, rotary motion is transmitted to drive
the bobbins.
Fig. 9 will clearly show the combination of our differential gearing illustrated by
Figs. 1 and 2 with ordinary connected parts of slubbing, intermediate or roving
frames.
a is the main shaft of the frame driven by the belt working on fast and loose
pulleys (not shown).
The ordinary fly wheel on the main shaft, near the driving pulleys, may be
dispensed with if desired, because our improved differential gearing and its casing
rotating with the main shaft will act as a fly wheel. A spur wheel a' on the main
shaft drives spur wheels conveying motion to the spindles.
A spur pinion a² on the main shaft a drives a spur wheel on the upper cone drum
shaft m, and a spur wheel m' from this, drives the drawing rollers n.
The upper cone drum m² by a belt m³ drives the lower cone drum m which by
spur wheels drives a shaft p in suitable bearings which by a train of spur wheels
drives a spur pinion g³ fast on the sleeve g2 Figs. 1 and 2.
7
A spur wheel fast on the sleeve / drives another spur wheel the axis of which
is in arms loose on the sleeve (Figs. 1 and 2) and on a bush in the bracket
carrying one end of the main shaft a and from the spur wheel q, rotary motion is
conveyed to the bobbins.
From Fig. 9 it will be seen how the sleeves g² and are kept in their places on
the main shaft a.
As hereinbefore stated, the mechanism combined with our differential gearing is
ordinary and well known.
Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate another modification of our invention.
In this case the worm wheel k is made with a boss on each side, and is secured to
the main shaft a by set screws. The bearings of the worm shafts c are in projections
from a dish or casting b having a boss or sleeve which rotates loose on the main
shaft a and from this sleeve, rotary motion is transmitted to drive the bobbins.
The dish forms a part of the cover for enclosing the mechanism.
The tubes projecting from the bearings of the shaft c for conveying lubricant
are bent towards the dish b as shown, in which dish there are holes opposite the
ends of the tubes 63 to supply oil.
The worms d on the shafts c are arranged and gear with the worm wheel k on
the main shaft as explained in reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
There is a bevel wheel secured on one end of each worm shaft c which gears
with a skew bevel g rotating freely on the main shaft a thus dispensing with the
two spur wheels e and e', and studs e² shown in Fig. 1.
Figs. 5 and 6 show another modification, in which the casting & for carrying the
shafts C, for the helical wheels is secured on the main shaft a, by a set screw.
The helical toothed wheel d is secured upon one end of the shaft c and the bevel
pinion upon the other end of the shaft which pinion gears with the skew bevel
wheel loose on the main shaft a.
From the boss or sleeve 2 of this bevel g rotary motion is conveyed to the bobbins.
The bearing for each shaft c is lubricated by one branch tube 62.
The disc of the skew bevel is extended to form one part 91 of the case to enclose
the gearing, the other part of the casing i rotates loosely on the boss or sleeve of
the helically toothed wheel k, a projection from the casting, enters into a hole
or between projections from the casing i, which is thus rotated with the main
shaft a.
The sleeve is rotated from the driven cone of the cone drums, and the
helically toothed wheel also, as the sleeve I forms the boss of the wheel k.
If the helically toothed wheel k, is rotated with the main shaft a and at the same
speed it will give the same speed to the skew bevel wheel g, and rotary velocity is

page_text: added to or subtracted from the speed of the main shaft and imparted to the
wheel by the cone drums operating through the sleeve and the helically toothed
wheel k.
The modification shown by Figs. 7 and 8 is similar to that shown by Figs. 5 and 6
except that an ordinary worm wheel takes the place of the helically toothed
wheel d, Figs 5 and 6 and an ordinary worm, the place of the helically toothed
wheel k. The bevel in this modification being of larger and the skew bevel
wheel with which it gears of smaller diameter than in the modification illustrated
by Figs. 5 and 6.
When combined with the slubbing, intermediate or roving frame the modifications
illustrated by Figs. 5 and 6 and Figs. 7 and 8 are turned end for end, and arranged
on the main shaft a as shown in Fig. 9, except that the sleeve, l, takes the place of
the sleeve g2 and the sleeve 2 that of the sleeve l.
In each modification two shafts c with connected gearing are shown and preferred
to balance the mechanism though one or more than two shafts c and connected
gearing may be used.
The mechanism illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2, and 3 and 4 will drive the sleeves l
at the speed of the main shaft, when the wheels g are at liberty because whatever
resistance there may be to the rotation in the sleeve such resistance cannot act to
rotate the worm d and worm shaft c which can only be rotated by holding the
wheels g from rotation with the shaft a, or rotating them at a greater or less speed
than the main shaft 7.
In the modification shown by Figs. 7 and 8 in which the sleeve g² drives the
bobbins, their resistance to rotation cannot cause the shafts c to rotate because the
worm wheels d gear with the worm on the shaft a which worm must be held from
rotation with the shaft a or rotated at a greater or less speed than the main shaft a
to make the sleeve ² go faster or slower than the main shaft a.
In the modification illustrated by Figs. and 6, the resistance to rotation in the
sleeve 92 by having to drive the bobbins would act more or less to rotate the
shaft c and sleeve depending upon the angle of the teeth of the helically toothed
wheels.
In some frames for preparing fibrous materials the bobbins are driven faster or
"lead" the spindles as it is termed, and in other cases the spindles "lead" or rotate
faster than the bobbins.
In the illustrations of our invention the bobbins are supposed to "lead" or
rotate faster than the spindles, but by reversing the angle of the worms or
the inclination of the helically toothed worms or wheels or by changing the
spur wheels e (Figs. 1 and 2) on the shafts to the opposite ends of the shafts c
our differential gearing is adapted for frames where the spindle is to be driven
faster than the bobbin.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In "differential gearing" for slubbing, intermediate or roving frames, the
use of one or more shafts (c) which shaft or shafts (c) are in bearings fixed to
and carried round with the main shaft (a) as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2; 5 and 6,
and 7 and 8 or in a casting rotating with the main shaft a but faster or slower than
it, (as desired) as illustrated by Figs. 3 and 4, the said shafts (c) having a worm or
helically toothed wheel upon each of them gearing with corresponding worm wheels
or helical toothed wheels on the main shaft a as illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2;
3 and 4 and 5 and 6, or the said shaft or shafts (c) have each a worm wheel upon
them gearing with a worm on the main shaft (a) as in Figs. 7 and 8, substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. The combination and arrangement of "differential gearing" substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2; 3 and 4; 5 and 6, and
7 and 8 of the drawings.

page_text: 3. The combination and arrangement of "differential gearing" substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2; 3 and 4; 5 and 6, and
7 and 8 of the drawings, with slubbing, intermediate or roving frames for preparing
fibrous materials, one of such modifications of "differential gearing" taking the
place of the ordinary "differential gearing" used in such frames substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Dated this Twenty-fourth day of August 1891.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.