IMPROVEMENTS IN SHAPING MOULDINGS AND PLANING SURFACES UPON STONE, BRICKS, AND FACTITIOUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE MECHANISM EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Mansfield Lloyd, of Nine Elms, in the County of
Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHAPING MOULDINGS AND
PLANING SURFACES UPON STONE, BRICKS, AND FACTITIOUS SUBSTANCES, AND
IN THE MECHANISM EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
"
Sealed the 1st September 1877, and dated the 10th March 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Mansfield Lloyd at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th March 1877.
CHARLES MANSFIELD LLOYD, of Nine Elms, in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SHAPING MOULDINGS AND PLANING SURFACES UPON STONE, BRICKS, AND
FACTITIOUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE MECILANISM EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
The object of this Invention is producing on natural or artificial stone and bricks,
after being burnt, mouldings and plane surfaces, by the employment of emry or
other hardened rollers mounted in a machine, the construction of which is herein-
after described.
The roller or rollers intended for cutting mouldings on burnt bricks or other
substances intended for use as ornamental facings in the erection of buildings, and
also the cylinderical roller designed for cutting plane surfaces, are composed of emry
compressed into solid form by hydraulic or other great pressure, after which, when
set, their peripheries are cut or otherwise shaped to the profile or design of the
moulding or surface the said rollers are intended to cut. These said rollers are then
mounted in adjustable bearings, supported in brackets secured to standards or
uprights projecting from a base plate or bed. This base plate or bed supports a
sliding horizontal table, on which the substances are placed and presented to the
action of the cutters.
In order that the cutting emry rollers may be readily changed for work, according
to the pattern of moulding which they are required to cut, without removing the
spindle supporting sume from its bearings, I provide its intermediate portion with a
screw, which corresponds with an internal screwed recess on the other portion, and
so arranged that the unscrewing of one portion will form a gap for the passage of

page_text: the roller when being withdrawn from or mounted into position for cutting, its said
position upon the spindle being determined by external screw clainps.
The bearings supporting the cylinderical cutting roller are arranged to slide on
segmental supports, in order that the said cutting cylinder may be placed at any
angle at which it may be required when cutting angular surfaces upon burnt bricks,
stone, or other substances subsequently intended for use in the building of arches,
inverts, or other curved structures.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Mansfield Lloyd in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th
September 1877.
CHARLES MANSFIELD LLOYD, of Nine Elms, in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SHAPING MOULDINGS AND PLANING SURFACES UPON STONE, BRICKS, AND
FACTITIOUS SUBSTANCES, AND IN THE MECHANISM EMPLOYED THEREOR."
The object of this Invention is producing on natural or artificial stone and bricks,
after being burnt, mouldings and plane surfaces, by the employment of emery or
other hardened rollers mounted in a machine, the construction of which is herein-
after described.
The roller or rollers intended for cutting mouldings on burnt bricks or other
substances intended for use as ornamental facings in the crection of buildings, and
also the cylindrical roller designed for cutting plane surfaces, are composed of emery
compressed into solid form by hydraulic or other great pressure, after which, when
set, their peripheries are cut or otherwise shaped to the profile or design of the
moulding or surface the said rollers are intended to cut. These said rollers are then
mounted in adjustable bearings, supported in brackets secured to standards or
uprights projecting from a base plate or bed. This base plate or bed supports a
sliding horizontal table, on which the substances are placed and presented to the
action of the cutters.
In order that the cutting emery rollers may be readily changed for work, according
to the pattern of moulding which they are required to cut, without removing the
spindle supporting same from its bearings, I provide its intermediate portion with a
screw, which corresponds with an internal screwed recess on the other portion, and
so arranged that the unscrewing of one portion will form a gap for the passage of
the roller when being withdrawn from or mounted into position for cutting, its said
position upon the spindle being determined by external screw clamps.
The bearings supporting the cylindrical cutting rollers are arranged to slide on
segmental supports, in order that the said cutting cylinder may be placed at any
angle at which it may be required when cutting angular surfaces upon burnt bricks,
stone, or other substances subsequently intended for use in the building of arches,
inverts, or other curved structures.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in detail, I
have hereunto annexed a Sheet of Drawings, made upon a scale of about one and a
half inches to the foot, similar letters of reference being marked on corresponding
parts on all the Figures alike..

page_text: or other great pressure, after which, when set, their peripherics are cut or otherwise
shaped to the profile or design of the moulding or surface the said rollers are
intended to cut. The spindles & and e, upon which these rollers are secured, are
supported in bearings secured to adjustable face plates d' and e', and are driven by
the pullies and gearing f. The position and fixing of the said emery wheels on their
respective spindles is obtained through the medium of lock nuts and clainps, but
their horizontal or angular position to suit the moulding or surface which they are
intended to cut on the material or substance submitted to their action is obtained
by first loosening the nuts g, g', which allows the face plates d' or e¹ to slide in a
radial direction on their respective sliding cross heads h, k, enabling thereby their
angular adjustinent to be readily effected, after which their elevation or depression
to suit the work in hand is obtained by the screws, wheels, and gearing i, i, the
action of which raises or lowers the cross heads h, h, sliding on the standards or
uprights, h. These standards embrace a horizontal table l, which slides upon
and is supported by the bed or framing a, in manner similar to that of a planing
machine.
Upon this sliding table the burnt bricks or other substances intended to be
operated upon by the revolving emery cutters are placed and secured thereon by the
clamps and set screws m, m. For example, supposing a number of rough burnt
bricks were required to be shaped to form inouldings or facings for windows, doors,
or other ornamental work required in the erection of buildings, the said rough bricks
are secured upon the sliding table in a longitudinal line, and in a position to be
acted upon by the revolving emery rollers. The first or cylindrical roller c is secured
in position, so that as the bricks pass under it their rough surfaces will be trans-
forined or levelled into plane uniform facings; if these facings require again to be
acted upon, so as to assume the form of mouldings, the second roller b, having been
previously adjusted, comes into action as the table supporting the bricks continues
its traverse, so that by the time the said table has completed its run, the whole of
the bricks will have been uniformly shaped on one side to the design or moulding
required. Bricks so shaped, when used for the purpose for which they are intended,
are perfect and symmetrical in appearance, as the joints completing the design of the
mouldings being uniform and true, are impercetible. Again, when cutting angular
surfaces upon burnt bricks, stone, or other substances subsequently intended for use
in the building of arches, inverts, or other curved structures, the greatest nicety and
symetry of work can be secured, as the angular position of the cylindrical cutter c
will give to the whole of the bricks passing under it an uniform taper, thus securing
greater exactitude and uniformity in the curve of the structure in which they are
employed than hitherto.
When it is desired to dress rough blocks of stone for building purposes, so that
they shall present plane or moulded fronts, I secure the said block to be acted upon
on the sliding table 7, which, when slowly traversing between the uprights a, is acted
upon by the percussive tool n, which is caused rapidly to rise and fall, so as to strike
the stone through the medium of the eccentric o, to which it is connected by the
arm 2. The repeated blows thus given to the rough stone as its surface is succes-
sively presented to the action of the tool, soon clears it of all inequalities, and gives
it a level, even, appearance, which can be subsequently dressed, smoothed, or polished
by the emery roller. The same action also takes place when producing upon the
surface or edges of the stone curves or mouldings. The percussive tool in this
instance is shaped to the form or design of moulding required, the action of which
first removes the superfluous stone, so as to give a rough formation to the moulding
intended, which is then subsequently reduced and finished by the emery wheel, in
manner similar to that previously described.
Having now described the nature of any said Invention, together with the manner
of performing the same so as to carry my Invention into practical effect, I wish it
to be clearly understood that 1 clain, the novel application, employment, adaptation,
and use of revolving cylindrical cutters to the purposes of shaping moulding and
planing surfaces upon stone, burnt brick, or other artificial substances, together with

page_text: the novel form and construction of mechanism employed, whereby the said cylindrical
cutters are enabled to be used in the manner and for the purposes herein described,
set forth, and fully illustrated in the Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Mansfield Lloyd, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Eighteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness to the Signature,
THOS. WRIGLEY,
75, Chancery Lane,
W.C., London.
CHARLES M. LLOYD. (LS.)