IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING FUMIGATING MATTER IN ORDER TO DESTROY INSECTS AND FLIES ON PLANTS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Eede Marshall and Charles Marshall,
both of Cheltenham, in the County of Gloucester, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING FUMIGATING MATTER
IN ORDER TO DESTROY INSECTS AND FLIES ON PLANTS."
Sealed the 9th October 1869, and dated the 13th April 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Eede Marshall
and Charles Marshall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 13th April 1869.
We, RICHARD EEDE MARSHALL and CHARLES MARSHALL, both of
Cheltenham, in the County of Gloucester, do hereby declare the nature
of our said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING
FUMIGATING MATTER IN ORDER TO DESTROY INSECTS AND FLIES ON PLANTS," to be
as follows:
This Invention relates to apparatus for distributing smoke on to plants
for the purpose of destroying insects, and is chiefly applicable for
destroying the fly on the turnip plant, and others of this class.
The apparatus consists of a frame mounted upon wheels, one of the
wheels is adjustable on the axle for the purpose hereafter explained.

page_text: This wheel can be put in communication with a toothed wheel on the
axle, which wheel is made to gear with a pinion on a shaft or spindle
supported in bearings attached to the frame. This spindle also carries a
band wheel, over which a band is passed; the band leads to a pulley or
band wheel on the axle of a fan or blower fitted inside a casing attached
to the frame. The frame is surmounted by a vessel, into which tobacco
or other fumigating medium is placed; the lower part of this vessel leads
by means of a tube to the fan or blower. There is another tube attached
to the fan casing, the lower end of which is formed with a nozzle, and
terminates near the ground. The smoke or fumes is drawn by the fan
from the vessel through the connecting tube to the fan casing, from
which it is driven by the action of the fan through the tube towards the
ground, and becomes distributed thereby as the apparatus travels
forward. The apparatus may be driven or drawn by hand or other
power. The axle is of such a width as to admit of one or both of the
wheels being moved along it in order that the apparatus may be
employed in ridges of different distances apart. There is a handle fitted
to one of the wheels so that it can be turned by hand (by tilting the appa-
ratus on the other wheel). By this method the necessary amount of the
fumigating agent can be obtained before starting the apparatus to actual
work. The distributing tube is preferably of a flexible material so that
it can be raised or lowered to suit any height of plant over which the
apparatus passes. The toothed wheel is so fitted on the axle that it can
be shifted so as to remain at rest, or is prevented turning while the
apparatus is being moved from place to place.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Richard Eede Marshall and Charles Marshall
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th October 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, RICHARD
EEDE MARSHALL and CHARLES MARSHALL, both of Cheltenham, in the
County of Gloucester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and

page_text: grant unto us, the said Richard Eede Marshall and Charles Marshall,
Her special licence that we, the said Richard Eede Marshall and
Charles Marshall, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said Richard Eede Marshall and Charles
Marshall, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISTRIBUTING FUMIGATING MATTER IN
ORDER TO DESTROY INSECTS AND FLIES ON PLANTS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Richard Eede Marshall and Charles
Marshall, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or one of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Richard Eede Marshall and
Charles Marshall, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to
say:
This Invention relates to apparatus for distributing smoke on to
plants for the purpose of destroying insects, and is chiefly applicable for
destroying the fly on the turnip plant, and others of this class.
The apparatus consists of a frame mounted upon wheels, one of the
wheels is adjustable on the axle for the purpose hereafter explained.
This wheel can be put in communication with a toothed wheel on the
axle, which wheel is made to gear with a pinion on a shaft or spindle
supported in bearings attached to the frame. This spindle also carries
a band wheel over which a band is passed; the band leads to a pulley
or band wheel on the axle of a fan or blower fitted inside a casing
attached to the frame. The frame is surmounted by a vessel into which
obacco or other fumigating medium is placed; the lower part of this
essel leads by means of a tube to the fan or blower. There is another

page_text: tube attached to the fan casing, the lower end of which is formed with
a nozzle, and terminates near the ground. The smoke or fume is drawn
by the fan from the vessel through the connecting tube to the fan
casing, from which it is driven by the action of the fan through the
tube towards the ground, and becomes distributed thereby as the appa-
ratus travels forward. The apparatus may be driven or drawn by hand
or other power. The axle is of such a width as to admit of one or both
of the wheels being moved along it in order that the apparatus may be
employed in ridges of different distances apart. There is a handle fitted
to one of the wheels so that it can be turned by hand (by tilting the
apparatus on the other wheel). By this method the necessary amount
of the fumigating agent can be obtained before starting the apparatus to
actual work. The distributing tube is preferably of a flexible material
so that it can be raised or lowered to suit any height of plant over which
the apparatus passes. The toothed wheel is so fitted on the axle that it
can be shifted so as to remain at rest, or is prevented turning while the
apparatus is being moved from place to place.
In order that our Invention may be more clearly understood we
annex the following detailed description, and the Drawings which accom-
pany it.
Figure 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus fitted on wheels A, B,
so that it can be moved along the ground by an attendant pushing it
by means of the handles C, C. The wheel B is free to be shifted on the
axle, and can be retained at any suitable distance on it by a key, pin, or
other appliance placed into a hole in the axle. When the apparatus is
to be moved along the road, or from place to place, the wheel B is fitted
on a plain portion of the axle so that it turns freely thereon without
imparting a rotation to the axle; but when it is required to work
between rows of plants for the purpose of distributing smoke or other
fumigating matter on to them the wheel is secured on a feathered
portion of the axle to ensure its being turned with the wheel, and thus
impart a corresponding rotation to the toothed wheel D, which is keyed
upon the axle. The toothed wheel D is in gear with a pinion or a
spindle held in the brackets or uprights E, E; the pinion is in a piece
with a band wheel F for communicating a rotary movement to a fan
which is enclosed in the casing G. It will be observed that the band
wheel is of a much larger size than the pulley on the fan spindle, so that
one revolution of the band wheel produces several revolutions of fan,

page_text: and thus by continuing its motion a great velocity of the fan is produced
to draw the smoke from the tobacco, if tobacco is used, through the
pipe H from the vessel J which is supplied with tobacco. As the smoke
is drawn through into the fan casing it is forced down the pipe K and
out at the nozzle L, where it becomes spread and distributed close to the
ground and impregnates the leaves of the plants near which it passes.
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the same apparatus taken from the
opposite side to that shown in Figure 1. Figure 3 is a view of a similar
apparatus in which the rotation of the fan is produced by a worm M on
the fan spindle N gearing into the toothed wheel D. This view shows a
more simple mode of driving the fan, as in this case the hand wheel F
and the pulley on the fan spindle are dispensed with; it likewise admits
of the fan casing being placed upon the framing at right angles to the
one shown in the previous Figures.
In some cases the fan end of the spindle N may have a pinion on it, and
by gearing into a wheel on the fan spindle a greater or a less speed may
be given to the fan to suit different materials from which the smoke or
fumigating agent is drawn. There is a handle P on the loose wheel, so
that by tilting the apparatus to one side and fixing the wheel upon the
axle a rotation can be given to it to obtain the necessary amount of
smoke before starting.
We prefer that the distributing tube to which the nozzle is attached
should be of a flexible nature so as to give the operator the means to
direct the smoke at any angle he may find convenient for the purpose.
In lieu of deriving the fan motion from a toothed wheel fixed upon
the axle we sometimes make it movable, so that when not required to
gear into the pinion it can be shifted along the axle and retained out of
gear; it may also be mounted loosely upon the axle and remain at rest
while the apparatus is being moved from place to place.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim as our
apparatus for distributing fumigating matter in order to destroy insects
and flies on plants,-
Firstly. The apparatus herein-before described and represented in the
accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. The mode of working the fan by means of toothed gearing
receiving its motion from the main axle of the apparatus, in the manner

page_text: and for the purpose herein-before described and represented in the
Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, we, the said Richard Eede Marshall and
Charles Marshall, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Eleventh day of October One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
RICHARD EEDE MARSHALL. (L.S.)
CHARLES MARSHALL.
(L.S.)