IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO VENTILATORS FOR SHIPS OR PUBLIC OR PRIVATE BUILDINGS PART OF WHICH INVENTION IS APPLICABLE AS A LIFE RUOVAL SPFICATION
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Walter Gibbs of 27 South John Street Liverpool
in the County of Lancaster Ventilating Engineer for an Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO VENTILATORS FOR SHIPS OR PUBLIC
OR PRIVATE BUILDINGS PART OF WHICH INVENTION IS APPLICABLE AS A
LIFE RUOV
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Walter Gibbs at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th October 1883.
JOHN WALTER GIBBS of 27 South John Street Liverpool in the county of
Lancaster, Ventilating Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO
VENTILATORS FOR SHIPS OR PUBLIC OR PRIVATE BUILDINGS, PART OF WHICH
INVENTION IS APPLICABLE AS A LIFE BUOY"
This invention consists in improvements on and additions to my former patent
No 3515 of 1881, by which I make it more valuable and adapt it to upcast
ventilating also.
My former invention was for downcast ventilators only, and had small holos to
let the drip out. For heavy seas those were not enough, and if larger holes were
added the sea broke into them, and they allowed too much air to pass.
I accordingly propose to use besides the holes described in that patent openings
fitted with valves with weighted levers inside the ventilator. I prefer as a rule
to place them in the side space between the outsido plate and the end of the shaft
which projects into the interior of the ventilator. This lets out water by its
superior gravity but remains closed against air.
To ensure a thorough downcast action, I also propose to carry the divisions
down well into the main shaft instead of stopping them off short in the hood.
To adapt it for upcasts, I propose to form the four divisions only from the
foundation plate upward, to have four tubes of somewhat cylindrical form with
openings behind instead of cones, and place a shield a little in front of the partition
with sides bent over inward. In lieu of the partitions I place outward salient
angle plates, and in place of the tubes other outward salient angle plates outside
the other angle plates with passages between. The shields in this case are not
turned in at the sides.
The top central portion especially of the downcast could be made detachable at
small extra cost and be furnished with life lines. It will thus form a life buoy,
always out of the way yet always ready when wanted. It can be so arranged as
to be released by the withdrawal of a single pin.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Walter Gibbs in the Patent Office on the 29th April 1884.
JOHN WALTER GIBBS, of 27 South John Street, Liverpool, in the county of
Lancaster, Ventilating Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPERTAINING TO
VENTILATORS FOR SHIPS OR PUBLIC OR PRIVATE BUILDINGS, PART OF WHICH
INVENTION IS APPLICABLE AS A LIFE BUOY
"
This invention consists in improvements on and additions to the invention
described in my former patent Nº 3515 of 1881, by which I make it more valuable,
and adapt it to upcast ventilating also.
Referring to Sheet one of the drawings.
In this Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of my former ventilator slightly improved
by the addition of valves as hereafter set forth.
Fig 6 the same with the addition also of a life buoy.
Fig 2 enlarged view of life buoy.
Fig 3 section of manhole of same.
Fig 4 front elevation of ventilator as set forth in Fig 1 in section.
Fig 5 details of fastening of life buoy enlarged.
My former invention was for down cast ventilators only and the ventilator had
small holes to let the drip out for heavy seas these were not enough and if
larger holes were used the sea broke into them and they allowed too much wind to
pass. I therefore have arranged much larger holes but covered by a series of
valves A A with counter balance levers B B inside the ventilator. These are placed
in the side space between the end of the shaft which projects into the interior and
the outer casing as shewn. These let out water, the superior gravity of the latter
opening, but being slightly over-counter-balanced they close and provent air passing:
as soon as the water has escaped. In order to more fully divert the air down into
the shaft, I arch over the four openings so as to form four cowls. This is set forth
in my former specification; there is above the junction of the cowls a vacant space
and this space I utilize by forming the upper surface of the cowls as a hollow
chamber in a separate piece from the rest of the ventilator, substantially of the
form set forth in Fig 2. It has a manhole C Fig 3 so that papers can be placed in
it, and life lines D Fig 4. Its lower part fits into a socket in the lower part of the
cowl, and it is fixed therein by a collar pin chained to it and passing through it
and the socket as set forth in Fig 5. Other ways of locking it in place could be
used, but this I find very useful, and it is taking. In order to still further insure
a down cast action I also profer where exponse and extra weight are no insuperable
objection to bring the four cross divisions well down into the main shaft instead of
stopping short in the hood; about a distance below the top of the parallel part of
the shaft equal to the diameter of the shaft will suffice. The drawing shows my
latest designs in cowls as now being made by me for ship's use.
Proceeding to sheet 2,
Fig 7 is an elevation
-
Figs 8 and 9 sections either of which can be used of my latest improvement in
up cast ship ventilators.
Fig 10 is an elevation partly in section of my old downcast ventilator modified.
to form an up cast, and
Fig 11 section of same.
Fig 12 a view of upcast ventilator when the exit is sideways instead of upward,
as when a flue is carried through the side wall of a building into the air.
Referring first to Figs 10 and 11.
'
.
The cowl as formerly is divided into four by partitions G G and these partitions
extend upward from plate H to the top, through this plate rise four tubes J as in
1

page_text: my old patent, but cylindrical and cut out at back. Shields K are placed opposite
each tube to round off the corner, and other shields L with edges pointing inward
as shewn, direct the air inward. This forms a good downcaster but is too expensive.
I therefore simplified it by doing away with the in-pointing edges of shields L, and
with the partitions G and substituting for the tubes a simple angle plate M, and
altering the shields K to K' as set forth in Fig 9. In some cases I add a third
angle plate N for show ventilators that are to be tried with hose pipes, but I find
that for real sea splashing the guards L and angle plates M and K¹ are sufficient.
The angle plates are riveted to the top base plates as shown by means of lugs
forming parts of the angle plates. I now propose to curve them somewhat more
than shewn in the drawing, as my later experiments show this to be an advantage.
In side ventilators the arrangement is a little distorted, a single guard L and
anglo-plate M are used, and a few single guard plates P P P tako the place of the
plates K', while flanges on the cowl body QQ take the place either of the turned in
edges of plates L in Fig 11, or of angle plates K' or M in Fig 8.
Having now described my invention, and the best modes known to me of carrying
it into effect, I claim under the Letters Patent.
1st. The improvements on my former upcast ventilator consisting of the valves
with counterweighted levers-and the bringing of the divisions down the main
shaft, each substantially as and for the purposes described.
2nd In combination with a ventilator for vessels, a life buoy forming a part
thereof, and is so fixed as to be easily detached and free to float off, or to be lifted
off in case of ship wreck.
3rd The special arrangement of buoy substantially as herein described.
4th. The adaptation of my former invention for downcast ventilator in a modified
form to upeast ventilators substantially as set forth in Figs 10 and 11.
5th. The ventilating cowls, substantially as described and shewn in Figs 7. 8.
and 9.
In witness whereof I the said John Walter Gibbs have hereunto set my hand
and seal this twenty eighth day of April in the year of our Lord one thousand eight
hundred and eighty four.
T D ALDOS 101