IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC ALLOYS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Dunlevie, of the City of Dublin, Ireland,
Coppersmith, and John Jones, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC ALLOYS."
Sealed the 15th November 1864, and dated the 19th May 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Dunlevie and
John Jones at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 19th May 1864.
We, THOMAS DUNLEVIE, of the City of Dublin, Ireland, Coppersmith, and
JOHN JONES, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC
ALLOYS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the production or manufacture of a new metallic
alloy to be employed for the bearings of shafts, or frictional surfaces in
machinery, "rolling stock," &c.
The improvements consist in the combination and use of spelter and block
tin, to which are added a small quantity of copper and a small amount of
antimony, and our mode of combining the above in the melting pot is as
follows:-
First, take four ounces of copper, melting it in any ordinary crucible, when
fused add sixteen ounces of block tin and one ounce of autimony, and when
the whole are melted together pour the compound out into a mould, the.
melt in a separate vessel one hundred and twenty-eight ounces of spelter,
together with ninety-six ounces of block tin, when both are fused add the abov

page_text: ingot of copper, tin, and antimony, and fuse all together; when properly fused
in these proportions or thereabouts the alloy is complete. The chief features
of this alloy are great durability and its low temperature when under the
heating influence of friction.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Dunlevie and John Jones in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 18th November 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, THOMAS
DUNLEVIE, of the City of Dublin, Ireland, Coppersmith, and JOHN JONES, of
Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent bearing date the Nineteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Thomas Dunlevie and John Jones, Her special license that we, the
said Thomas Dunlevie and John Jones, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Thomas Dunlevie and John Jones,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC
ALLOYS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Thomas
Dunlevie and John Jones, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our or one of our, or their or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Jones, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
Our Invention relates to the production or manufacture of a new metallic
alloy to be employed for the bearings of shafts, or frictional surfaces in machinery,
rolling stock," &c.

page_text: The improvements consist in the combination and use of spelter and
block tin, to which is added a small quantity of copper and a small amount
of antimony, and the mode of combining the above in the melting pot is as
follows:-
First, take four ounces of copper, melting or fusing it in any ordinary
crucible, when fused add sixteen ounces of block tin, and one ounce of
antimony, and when the whole are melted together pour the compound out
into a mould, then melt in a separate vessel one hundred and twenty-eight.
ounces of spelter, together with ninety-six ounces of block tin, when both are
fused add the above ingot of copper, tin, and antimony, and fuse altogether;
when properly fused in these proportions or thereabouts the alloy is complete.
The chief features of this alloy are great durability and its low temperature
when under the heating influence of friction.
The component parts being sixteen pounds of block tin, eighteen pounds of
spelter, eight ounces of copper, and two ounces of antimony, take the eight
ounces of copper, and add thereto the two ounces of antimony, and fuse them
together, then add double the quantity of block tin, and when mixed pour
out into an ingot mould, then melt the eighteen pounds of spelter, and add
thereto the remaining portion of the block tin, and when these are fused and
well mixed add the ingot previously made thereto. For lining bearings,
journals, &c., the bearing is to be tinned in the ordinary method with block
tin and sal ammoniac; the improved lining alloy is then gradually fused, and
the bearing heated until it will fuse a solid strip of the alloy, a heated shaft
or mandril is then enclosed in the bearing and mould, and the alloy poured
in between the bearing and the shaft, where it remains until it hardens, the
bearing is then taken from the mould lined with the alloy.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be distinctly
understood that we claim, the novel combination and use of the aforesaid
materials to form an improved metallic alloy for lining or covering frictional
surfaces as herein-before described & set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Jones, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventeenth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand sight hundred and sixty four
JOHN JONES. (L.S.)