A MACHINE FOR PLOUGHING LAND, HARROWING, AND CRUSHING CLODS AT ONE OPERATION
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Butterworth, of Meanwood, in the
County of Yorkshire, Gentleman, for the Invention of "A
MACHINE FOR PLOUGHING LAND, HARROWING, AND CRUSHING CLODS AT
ONE OPERATION."
Sealed the 15th December 1853, and dated the 15th June 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Butter-
worth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 15th June 1853.
I, THOMAS BUTTERWORTH, of Meanwood, in the County of Yorkshire,
Gent", do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
MACHINE FOR PLOUGHING LAND, HARROWING, AND CRUSHING CLODS AT ONE
OPERATION," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a machine for ploughing land, harrowing,
and crushing clods at the same time and at one operation.
The machine may be attached to a plough beam and stilts, or plough
frame of ordinary construction, and consists of a flat mould board or
plate, in front of which is fixed a plough iron or share for cutting, lifting,

page_text: and loosening the soil; under this mould board there are two or more
rising blades or flanges, one of which is placed on cach side; above
the mould board there is a wheel or roller mounted on an arm or lever,
supported from the side of the mould board on a rising; this wheel
rests upon the surface of the soil, and rises and falls therewith; it
turns as the machine moves, and by its weight and motion crushes the
clods as they are cut by the plough iron or share; on the top of the
mould board or plate, and immediately behind the roller, are a number
of harrow teeth; these teeth are fixed at an angle, inclining backwards,
for harrowing or dividing the soil and throwing up weeds.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Butterworth in the Great Seal Patent
Office, on the 15th December 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
THOMAS BUTTERWORTII, of Meanwood, in the County of Yorkshire,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for 1erself, er heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Butterworth, Her special
licence that I, the said Thomas Butterworth, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Butter-
worth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an In-
vention for A MACHINE FOR PLOUGHING LAND, HARROWING, AND CRUSHING
CLODS AT ONE OPERATION," upon the condition, amongst others, that I,
the said Thomas Butterworth, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-

page_text: with six carendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Butterworth, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following description thereof, together with the
accompanying Drawings and explanation thereof contained in the
following statement (that is to say):
My Invention consists of a machine for ploughing land, harrowing,
and crushing clods at the same time and at one operation.
EXPLANATION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The accompanying Drawings, which are laid down to a scale of one
inch and a half to a foot, show the form and construction of one of
these machines.
Figure 1, shows a side elevation of the machine.
Figure 2, shows a plan of the machine.
In the following explanation both figures are referred to as the
same parts of the machine, and lettered with similar letters in each
Figure.
A, is a mould board or plate, to the front of which is fixed the
plough iron or share B, for cutting, lifting, and loosening the soil.
C, and D, are two flanges or rising blades, one of which D, extends
from the point of the plough share to the back of the mould board;
the other C, extends from the back of the share to the back of the
ould board. In front of the mould board or plate above mentioned
there is a roller F, which is mounted on a moveable lever or levers G, G,
hinging at the points G, G', into the rising of the mould board and
the wheel F. As the soil is cut by the plough iron the flanges under
the mould board lift it. The roller, which rises and falls with the
surface, rests upon the soil, and by turning round as the machine
noves rolls upon and crushes the clods. On the top of the mould
board, and immediately behind the roller, are fixed a number of harrow
teeth F, H, H; these teeth are fixed at an angle inclining backwards,

page_text: and effect a further separation of the soil and remove the weeds, while
the back inclination of the teeth throws the weeds up, and leaves them
on the surface. The machine may be attached to a plough beam and
stilts, or to a plough frame of ordinary construction.
I have now, to the best of my ability, described the nature of my
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed; but I do
not confine myself to the precise form of machine shown upon the
accompanying Drawings and herein described, as the parts may be
varied in form and position without departing from my principle. I
therefore include as my Invention the machine as shewn, and all such
modifications thereof as may be, so long as the principle of my Inven-
tion is maintained; and I claim the machine as herein described for
ploughing land, harrowing, and crushing clods at one operation. I also
claim the peculiar construction of the harrow for leaving the weeds on
the surface.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Butterworth, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-
three.
THOMAS (L.S.) BUTTERWORTH.