II Camps.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 27th July, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 24th Feb., 1594-Accepted, 31st Mar., 1894
Improv II Camps.
I, AMOS WILLIAM RICHARDSON, of Worsley Road, Patricroft, near Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the construction of are lamps. In the
first place the main magnet or solenoid or main and shunt solenoid combined form
the basis on which all the parts are attached. The magnet core is hollow and lined
with brass in which the top or positive carbon is inserted. In the hollow core is
placed a small weight which is hollowed out to receive the end of the top or positive
carbon, this weight has one or more springs or bushes which rub against inside of
liner tube in magnet core to make contact. On the top of magnet. core is placed a
dashpot which moves with it made in such a way that the fluid in same cannot be
spilt in whatever position the lamp may be placed. The piston of dashpot is fixed
to the top of magnet. On the bottom of magnet core is fixed the clutch which
actuates the carbon rod. I use one form of clutch which contains one or two bell
orank levers which nips the carbon when the core is drawn up. Or the clutch can
be made with circular cone wedges which are closed round the carbon by means of
In some cases I
a ring attached to the magnet core, or by a lever from same.
propose to use a roller clutch. This is made by placing two or more rollers in a
frame which are pressed against the carbon by two claws attached to the magnet
core. In some cases I use long carbons which I run up the outside of magnet or
between two magnets the clutch is actuated by a lever or cross bars from magnet
cores in this case.
The negative or bottom carbon is held in a tube on the top of this tube are two
or three claws which permit the carbon point only to project through. The carbon
is pressed up to the said claws by a spiral spring. In the place of the said claws
on the top of carbon holder a platinum ring can be used. In some cases I use the
glass globe to carry the bottom or negative carbon. In the case of using very long
carbons I use a weight with a cord over a pulley.
Dated this 25th day of July 1893
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Electric Arc Lamps.
I, AMOS WILLIAM RICHARDSON, of Worsley Road, Patricroft, near Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this.
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention is designed to consolidate and simplify the construction of electric
lamps and the operative parts thereof.
In carrying out the invention the main solenoid or the main and the shunt solenoids
combined form the base which carry all the parts of the lamp or to which all the parts
are attached, and the top or positive carbon is carried in a hollow tube with a self
acting clutch at the bottom end by means of which as the core of the solenoid drops
the carbon is released and as the core is lifted the carbon is raised with it.

page_text: 1, 15 Tont elev
Fig. 2, is a sectional elevation.
Fig. 3, is a front elevation of modified form.
Fig. 4, is a sectional elevation of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5, is an enlarged front elevation of top carbon holder or clutch.
Fig. 6, is a plan of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7, plan of oscillating lever P Figs. 3 and 4.
Fig. 8, is a front elevation (enlarged) of modified form of carbon holder.
Fig. 9, is a plan of same.
Fig. 10, is a front elevation (enlarged) of another modification of the carbon
holder.
Fig. 11, is a plan of same.
Fig. 12, is a modified form of dash pot.
A.t
When
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2 the main solenoid A and the shunt solenoid B are
mounted on a central core C insulated therefrom and from one another. The central
core C is hollow and lined with brass and the armature D is mounted upon and
carried by a brass tube E through which the top or positive carbon passes.
the lower end of the tube E is placed a small clutch or holder F for the top or
positive carbon G. This clutch or carbon holder is so constructed that when it is
raised or suspended it holds the carbon in position and when it is lowered it releases
the positive carbon and allows it to approach or come in contact with the lower
carbon and when raised again lifts the positive carbon with it. It consists of a
short tube H provided with friction runners held in position by two inclined
fingers or prongs e. The runners are mounted on pins or pivots capable of
moving to and fro in slots k in the cross bar K and are pressed inwards by the
inclined sides of the prongs e against which the outer sides of the runners h bear.
The short tube H the runners and the prongs e are enclosed in a box 1.
the tube E and prongs e are lowered the shoulder of the short tube H comes in
contact with and rests upon-the-bottom of the clutch box I and the prongs fall
clear of the runners when they move outward and release the carbon G, when the
tube E is raised again the prongs e come in contact with the runners h and cause
them to close upon and grip the carbon G. Electrical contact is maintained
between the hollow core C through which the positive current passes and
the tube E by a spring c of brass copper or other suitable metal. Inside the
tube E is placed a small metal weight or cap J which is fitted upon the end of
the positive carbon G. The metal weight or cap J is provided with a small spring
or springs which bear against the inner sides of the tube E and through it contact
is made therewith for the positive current to pass through the positive carbon G.
On the upper end of the tube E is a cylinder E' forming a dash pot with a piston
or plunger e' therein which is stationary and attached to the upper end of the
core C the top end of which also forms an eye C¹ by which the lamp may be
suspended. The lower or negative carbon G' is carried in an adjustable tube L
and is pressed up by a spring placed therein against the compressed points or
prongs at the upper extremity thereof. The tube L which carries the lower
carbon is adjustable in a tube M carried by the two arms m attached to the flanges
of the clutch box or lower extremity of the central core C. The end of the
negative carbon G₁ is always maintained in the same relative position as it is
consumed by the spring being held thereby against the prongs which only allow
the point as it is reduced in thickness to protrude through the end of the tube L.
The solenoids A and B are protected or covered by a casing N of metal, celluloid
vulcanite or other material and a globe is carried by the adjustable disc O mounted
on a screw on the exterior of the lower tube M.
Instead of the spring to maintain the negative carbon G against the contracted
end of the tube L the carbon may be raised by weights with a cord or wire passing
over pulleys carried by the bracket M a slide being placed under the end of the
carbon extending through slots in the side of the tube.

page_text: The holder for the bottom carbon may be attached to and carried by the globe-
or shade instead of by the arms m in which case the wire a will be extended down
through the globe to the bracket M to complete the circuit, or the current may be
passed through the wires which encase and protect the globe.
In operation the positive current. passes through the central core C and tube E.
to the positive carbon G and the negative current returns through the arms to
the wire a and through the main solenoid A. The wire of the shunt solenoid B is.
connected at 6 with the central core C and at 'with the wire a. The positive-
carbon G falls of its own gravity onto the negative carbon G¹ and the negative
carbon G is pressed up and the point always held in the same position by the
prongs of the tube L.
When the current is passed through the lamp the
armature D is lifted by the solenoid A to strike the arc as the carbons consume.
and the resistance through them increases the current passing through the shunt
solenoid B from to b¹ and acting on the lower end of the armature D balances.
the main solenoid A and the tube E falls of its own weight carrying down with it
the carbon. When the shoulder on the lower end of the tube H rests on the-
bottom of the clutch box the holder F releases the carbon and allows it to
descend. When the resistance of the are is thus reduced the main solenoid raises.
the tube E and the clutch or holder F again engages the carbon G and so on as the
carbon consumes it is gradually lowered. The dash pot E preventing any sudden-
or violent movement either up or down.
Referring to Figs. 3 and 4 a modified construction of lamp is shown in which a
similar clutch or holder F is applied to the positive carbon G where the main and
shunt solenoids are placed side by side and the tube E" which carries, the carbon
passes up alongside of them. In this lamp A' is the main solenoid and B' the
shunt solenoid with cores or armatures D' D these are connected to and move the
tube E" up and down by the oscillating lever P and links ppp". On the tube El
is fixed a ring or bracket P' to which is connected the link p" the other end of
which is pivoted to the oscillating lever P which is pivoted on the top of the
stationary clutch box I and the extremities of the lever Pare attached by the
link P with the armature D¹ of the main solenoid A' and by the link p with.
the armature D" of the shunt solenoid B. The clutch F and the other parts of
the lamp are such as have already been described like letters referring to like
parts. When the current through the main solenoid A' raises the armature D'
the tube E is raised and with it the carbon G and when the attractive force of the
shunt solenoid is greatest the tube E" is drawn down and the carbon G released
and allowed to fall or approach the negative carbon G¹. Fig. 7 is a plan of the
oscillating lever P with a section of tube E".
Referring to Figs. 8 and 9 a modified form of carbon holder or clutch is
illustrated in which the rollers are replaced by two eccentric levers which are
pivoted to the central tube R and the outer ends engage with slots ' in the prongs.
or fingers R¹.
Referring to Figs. 10 and 11 another modification of self acting clutch is shown.
A conical bush in two, three, or more parts placed in the tube S taking the place
of the rollers K the bush fits into a ring S' and is compressed thereby against the
carbon. When they rest against the bottom of the clutch box they are moved away
from the ring S₁ and release the carbon.
Referring to Fig. 12 a modified form of dash pot is shown in which a tube. T
depending into the interior prevents the liquid from escaping if turned upon its side
or inverted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An electric arc lamp constructed with superimposed main and shunt solenoids
upon a central core and armature, tube for carbon and carbon concentric therewith
the tube being provided with a self acting carbon holder or clutch at its lower end

page_text: by which the carbon is raised or released in accordance with the decrease or
increase of resistance in the arc and attractive force of the solenoid substantially
as described.
2. In an electric are lamp the combination with the main and shunt solenoids of
a single central core, a single armature mounted on a hollow tube through which
the positive carbon passes and a self acting holder or clutch by which the carbon
is held or released as the attractive force of the solenoids vary substantially as
described.
3. In an electric arc lamp the combination with a hollow tube through which
the positive carbon passes of the tube H provided with a shoulder the
runners h, the prongs or fingers e and the clutch box I substantially as described
and shown.
4. In an electric arc lamp the combination with the hollow tube through which
the positive carbon passes of a self acting clutch or holder such as shown and
described with reference to either Figs. 5 and 6, Figs. 8 and 9, or Figs. 10 and 11
of the drawings.
5. In an electric arc lamp a carrier for the bottom or negative carbon
consisting of a tube with contracted orifice to contain the carbon a bracket to
which the tube is secured carried by depending arms or by the globe and a
spring or its equivalent to keep the carbon raised as it is consumed substantially
as described.
6. In an electric arc lamp the combination with the globe or shade of a holder
for the bottom carbon attached thereto and carried thereby substantially as
described.
7. An electric arc lamp having the several parts constructed and arranged in
combination substantially as described and shown in either Figs. 1 and 2, or Figs. 3
and 4 of the drawings.
D
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2
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents. 3