IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING AND CASTING BUSHES FOR CARTS AND WAGGONS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Smethurst, Successor of the late T. Penketh,
of Warrington, in the County of Chester, Iron Founder, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING AND CASTING BUSHES FOR CARTS AND
WAGGONS."
Sealed the 30th November 1877, and dated the 8th June 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Smethurst at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th June 1877.
JAMES SMETHURST, Successor of the late T. Penketh, of Warrington, in the
County of Chester, Iron Founder. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING AND CASTING
BUSHES FOR CARTS AND WAGGONS."
In moulding bushes it has hitherto been customary to make the ends of the
pattern of the same diameter as the internal diameter of the hole to guide the
core, or the core has been placed in the bottom of the mould and then centred, and
when the casting is complete the internal edges of the casting are sharp, and con-
Invention
sequently liable to cut the end and the shoulder of the axle. Now my
consists in in making the ends of the core of the same diameter as the outside of the
bush, and in rounding off the inside edges of the bush at each end; by this means
the ends of the core form form the ends of the bush, and the rounded edges of the bush
prevent the injury to the axle above referred to. The rounded edge at the larger
diameter of the bush adds considerably to the strength of the axle by allowing the
axle to be made with a rounded corner instead of being cut square, as now
customary.
This improved mode of moulding and casting bushes enables the bushes to be
cast of tough metal and chilled at each end if required.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Smethurst in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th December
1877.
८
JAMES SMETHURST, Successor of the late T. Penketh, of Warrington, in the
County of Chester, Iron Founder. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOULDING AND CASTING
BUSHES FOR CARTS AND WAGGONS."
In moulding bushes it has hitherto been customary to make the ends of the
pattern of the same diameter as the internal diameter of the hole to guide the
core, or the core has been placed in the bottom of the mould and then centred, and
when the casting is complete the internal edges of the casting are sharp, and con-
sequently liable to cut the end and the shoulder of the axle. Now my Invention
consists in making the ends of the core of the same diameter as the outside of the
bush, and in rounding off the inside edges of the bush at each end; by this means
the ends of the core form the ends of the bush, and the rounded edges of the bush
prevent the injury to the axle above referred to. The rounded edge at the larger
diameter of the bush adds considerably to the strength of the axle by allowing the
axle to be made with a rounded corner instead of being cut square, as now
customary.
This improved mode of moulding and casting bushes enables the bushes to be
cast of hard metal and chilled at each end if required.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily. carried
into operation, I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings in
which,
-
Fig. 1 represents my improved core box open.
Fig. 2 is the core box closed and secured by an eccentric stud.
Fig. 3 is a section of the bush when cast; this bush is suitable for ordinary
carts, waggons, or trucks, but the size and shape can be varied..
Fig. 4 is the pattern, and Fig. 5 is a section on a small scale of the moulding box
with the pattern and core in their places.
On referring to the Drawings it will be seen that the ends of the core are of the
saine diameter as the ends of the outside of the pattern of the bush, and that the
core is rounded off at each end, so that when the bush is cast both the larger and
smaller ends are rounded off at the edges. The rounded edge at the larger diameter
fits on a rounded corner on the axle, which is thus considerably increased in
strength, and the rounded edge at the smaller diameter prevents injury to the
linch pin.
On referring to Fig: 5 it will be seen that these improved bushes may be cast in
an ordinary moulding box consisting of two parts, whereas in moulding bushes in
the usual manner it is customary to use a moulding box of three parts. When the
sand has been rammed into the moulding box and the pattern withdrawn, the core
is put in its place, and the ends of the core being of the same diameter as the ends
of the pattern it is evident that the core fits accurately into the centre of the mould,
consequently the labour of adjusting it in its place is saved; the guide plugs or
prints are also dispensed with.
A
This improved mode of moulding and casting bushes enables me to cast them of
hard metal, whereby the chilling- heretofore customary is dispensed with, but they
may be chilled if desirable.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention and described a convenient
manner of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not intend to
limit myself to the details given, and that I claim the improved mode of constructing
moulds and cores for casting the bushes of carts, waggons, and trucks, whereby

page_text: both the inside edges are rounded off, and the core is placed without adjustment, or
guide plugs, or prints, in the centre of the mould, as shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Smethurst, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of December, One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-seven.
JAMES SMETHURST. (L.S.)