IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOM WEFT STOP MECHANISMS
Year: 1874

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Elisha Stone at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th November
1874. A communication from John Jack Switzer, residing at
Boston, in the County of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, in
the United States of America. -
.
I, ELISHA STONE, of Boston, in the County of Suffolk, and State of
Massachusetts, in the United States of America, do solemnly and
sincerely declare that I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOM WEFT STOP MECHANISMS," which Invention I believe will be
of great public utility, that it is a communication to me from John Jack
Switzer, a person resident at Boston, in the County of Suffolk, and State
of Massachusetts, in the United States of America, and I do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for " Improvements in Loom
Weft Stop Mechanisms," to be as follows:-
The purpose of this improvement is to effect an instantaneous stoppage
of a loom in the event of breakage or giving out of the weft thread or
yarn, and consists in the arrangement of devices, substantially as herein-
after explained. As this improvement embraces devices applied both to

page_text: the shuttle and the loom, the appliances of the shuttle will first be
described.
The Drawings embracing these improvements represent in Figure 1,
an end view, and in Figure 2 a plan of a portion of a loom.containing
these improvements; Figure 3 is a rear elevation of a loom, also
embodying these improvements; and Figure 4, an elevation of the
mechanism for releasing the shipper and stopping the loom; Figure 5
'is an enlarged view of one of the swinging arms or trippers, to be
herein-after explained; Figure 6 is a perspective view of a modification
of this Invention; Figure 7 is a plan; Figure 8, a transverse section ;
and Figure 9, a vertical and longitudinal section of the shuttle con-
taining these improvements; Figures 10 and 11 are opposite views of
a device which constitutes a modification of this Invention, to be
herein-after explained.
J
In these Drawings, A represents the shuttle, the bobbin chamber of
such shuttle being shown at a, and the thread eduction passage at b. To
the rear inner side or wall B of the chamber b, a crowning or arch-
shaped plate c is disposed, the inner end d of which is pivoted to the
wall B as shown at e, while the free end of this plate rests upon the top
of a spiral spring f, deposited in a cell g in the nose of the shuttle, the
plate being so arranged that when in its highest position its convex back
or upper surface rises a short distance above the top of the shuttle, and
when depressed to its lowest position by means herein-after stated, falls
to about a level with such shuttle top, its highest position being such
when locked therein as to release by suitable intervening agents the
shipper rod I, which governs the loom stop mechanism. C, in the
accompanying Drawings represents an upright bar or dog disposed
below the plate c, and pivoted to the adjacent end wall of the bobbin
chamber by a pin i, in such manner as to vibrate to and fro at right
angles with respect to the said plate, an eye or thread guide k being
formed upon the upper part of such bar, through which the weft thread
or yarn passes in its passage to and through the educt 6, the bar being
impelled toward the wall B of the shuttle by a suitable spring or by
being placed in a sloping position, in which its own gravity would impel
it in such direction. The plate c and bar or dog C with their adjuncts,
constitute the mechanical appliances which are added to the ordinary
shuttle of a loom. The end standards of the loom frame are shown at
D, D', the breast beam thereof at E, and the race beam or lay at F.
.

page_text: Upon the top of the plate G which represents the reed frame, and at
each end thereof, a horizontal transverse rocker shaft m is mounted in
suitable boxes 7, while to the inner end of each shaft and immediately in
front of the reed frame, a pendulous arm or tripper n is swiveled, the
swivel between each arm and shaft being such that the former are
permitted to swing upon the shaft inward to the centre of the loom, but
are rigid in the opposite direction. To the rear extremity of each
rock shaft m, the inner end of a horizontal lever o or o¹ is affixed, while
to the outer and free end of the former lever is secured one end of a cord
or chain p, which passes below and against a guide roller a¹, the opposite'
end of such chain being secured to the lower and free end of a spring
latch q, which is applied to the rear side of the reed frame G and below
one rock shaft m. To the free end of the opposite lever o¹ is secured one
end of a second cord or chain ", which passes below and against a second
guide roller 8, which like the roller a² is pivoted to the rear side of the
reed frame, the opposite end of the second cord r being conducted to and
below and partially about the roller a', and thence to and secured to the
spring latch q, as shown in Figure 3 of the Drawings. To the inner
part of the lay sword ƒ nearest the latch q, a horizontal pawl w is
mounted by a pivot u, the rear and shorter arm x of such pawl extending
below and engaging with the latch g, while its outer and heavier arm.y
extends forward below and to the front of the breast beam E. Below
the said outer army of the pawl w, and against the inner face of the
loom standard, is disposed an upright arm c, the lower end of which is
mounted upon a horizontal rod or rock shaft d', which passes through
the standard or the front post e' of the same, while to the opposite end
of such shaft & as it protrudes through the post the upper end of a
second arm f¹ is affixed, this latter arm when the two are in the same
vertical plane abutting against the upper end of the shipper rod I of the
loom. While the shuttle is in flight and its thread is intact the latter
exerts an outward drag or pressure upon the dog C sufficient to hold the
latter away from below the plate c, and the latter rises and falls as it
passes below each arm or tripper n without exerting any action upon the
levers o or o¹. Should the shuttle or weft thread break or give out the
dog C instantly moves inward below the plate c and prevents the latter
from dropping, the result of which is that as the shuttle completes its
inward flight, the said plate c wipes against the lower end of one of the
trippers n, and through the agency of the lever o or o¹ and cord p or r,
as the case may be, removes the latch 7 from over the pawl w, and

page_text: allows the outer or forward end of the latter to drop into a horizontal
plane coincident with that of the upper end of the arm c³, the result of
which is that as the lay completes its beat the pawl w strikes the arm c³,
and moves it outward, while the arm f¹ is moved inward and releases the
shipper rod I and the loom is stopped.
To restore the parts to their normal position or to set the stop
mechanism, the rear arm of the pawl w is placed below the latch q, and
the shipper rod returned to its position behind its catch, the two arms c¹
and f¹ being in alignement.
Various modifications may be made in the principle which governs
this Invention in this stop motion, without departing from the character
of such principle, and not confined to precise details, so long as confined
within the scope and spirit of this Invention. For instance, in Figure 6 of
the accompanying Drawings is shown a slight departure from the
arrangement of parts herein-after explained. In this instance the dog C
is mounted upon a rock shaft a², which extends transversely through the
lower part of the shuttle, and this dog is disposed below the free end of
the plate c, and upon the opposite end of this rock shaft is mounted one
end of a horizontal arm 62, whose free end extends inward into the
bobbin chamber and below the weft thread, the result of which is that as
: long as the weft thread is intact the dog is drawn away from coincidence
with the plate, but upon breaking or failure of the thread the arm b
drops and throws the dog inward below the end of the plate c, and the
latter is upheld at such a height as to wipe against one of the trippers n,
as before explained.
The mechanism as herein-before explained is designed to stop the
flight of the shuttle while in the web.
Under some circumstances it may be desirable to arrest the flight of
the shuttle in the shuttle box, and to adapt this Invention to such a
contingency a plate or bracket L is provided which is secured to a
suitable part of the shuttle box, and to the front of this plate Lis
pivoted at its outer end a swinging arm M, to the inner end of which
is attached a block N of india-rubber or other suitable material, the said
arm M being elevated by a spring O arranged below it, as shown in.
Figure of the Drawings. To the rear of the plate L is pivoted upon a
horizontal stud P a lever Q, the outer end of which is forked and
embraces, as shown at 8, a stud R extending rearward from the arm M

page_text: through the plate L, the inner extremity of the said lever terminating in
a lifter foot or wiper cam T, which is arranged immediately in advance
of the rubber abutment N, and with the lower surface of the two
practically in the same plane.
The operation of this modification of this Invention is as follows:-
When the shuttle is in flight and its bobbin, yarn, or weft thread intact,
the dog O is free to drop on meeting any obstruction. Should the weft
thread break the dog O remains rigid in its highest position, and as it
reaches the shuttle box wipes against the foot T and elevates it and the
inner end of the lever Q, the result of which is the outer end of the said
lever is depressed, and in its fall depresses the block N and places it in
the path of the shuttle. The nose of the shuttle brings up against the
block N, and the flight of such shuttle is arrested before it reaches the
picker, and consequently is brought to a stand still and no wearing of
the loom ensues.
The lever Q may be connected with the mechanism herein-before
described for stopping the loom, so that when the shuttle is obstructed
by the block N the loom shall stop.
Another modification of this Invention is to place between the
delivery end of the shuttle or cop bobbin and the educt of the shuttle, a
clamp of a suitable character, which shall exert a delicate tension or
drag upon the weft thread, and prevent the undue slackening or
tightening which now often occurs, for the reason that owing to the
varying diameter of the cop, the thread is given off with greater rapidity
at one point than at others.
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