IMPROVED HAND IMPLEMENT FOR EARTHING PLANTS AND RIDGING LAND
Year: 1884

page_text: Ridging Land.
I CHARLES JOSEPH ROWLANDS of N° 52 Castle Street Liverpool in the County
of Lancaster General Broker, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention
for AN IMPROVED HAND IMPLEMENT FOR EARTHING PLANTS AND RIDGING LAND"
to bo as follows :-
Heretofore the band implement mainly used for earthing up rows of plants and
for ridging and furrowing land for weathering purposes has been the Hoe. The
performance of the work by that implement is at once tedious and expensive.
Now the object of my invention is to provide an implement for general use in
performing the above and similar operations whereby not only is the work
facilitated but its cost greatly reduced.
My said implement consists essentially of two plough mould like sides combined
with a handle or handle and other parts as hereaftor described.
Under one modification the two sides narrow at the front and expanding laterally
towards the rear are connected by a swan neck curved forwards to a handle of any
suitable shape. By said handle and swan neck the cleaving sides are drawn
through the ground.
Under a second modification a socket on or between the sides receives a straight
handle which allows the implement to be pushed through the ground.
A third modification has the handle connected to the cleaving sides by a joint.
This admits of the handle being adjusted for either drawing or pushing the
implement.
There may be used in combination with any of the above, right and left screws,
dogs, wedges or other mechanism for adjusting the rear ends of the sides nearer
to or further from each other, and thereby to effect more or less earthing up or
ridging at one operation.

page_text: An Improved Hand Implement for Earthing Plants and
Ridging Land.
I CHARLES JOSEPH ROWLANDS of N° 52 Castle Street Liverpool in the County
of Lancaster General Broker, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention
for "AN IMPROVED HAND IMPLEMENT FOR EARTHING PLANTS AND RIDGING
LAND "and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
Heretofore the hand implement mainly used for earthing up rows of plants and
for ridging and furrowing land for weathering purposes has been the Hoe. The
performance of the work by that implement is at once tedious and expensive.
Now the object of my invention is to provide an implement for general use in
performing the above and similar operations whereby not only is the work
fàcilitated but its cost greatly reduced.
My said implement consists essentially of two plough mould like sides combined
with a handle or handle and other parts as hereafter described.
Under one modification the two sides narrow at the front and expanding laterally
towards the rear are connected by a swan neck curved forwards to a handle of any 1
suitable shape. By said handle and swan neck the cleaving sides are drawn
through the ground.
Under a second modification a socket on or between the sides receives a straight
handle which allows the implement to be pushed through the ground.
A third modification has the handle connected to the cleaving sides by a joint.
This admits of the handle being adjusted for either drawing or pushing the
implement.
There may be used in combination with any of the above right and left screw
dogs wedges or other mechanism for adjusting the rear ends of the sides nearer to
or further from each other and thereby to effect more or less earthing up or ridging
at one operation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of one modification of my improved implement in
which the mould board like sides a connected together at b to form a cutting edge
and expanding laterally towards the rear as may be seen in plan fig. 6, are connected
by a swan neck c curved forwards to the handle d. The said swan neck may form.
part of the sides a or it may be detachable and be secured thereto by means of a
15

page_text: Fig. 4 is an elevation, and fig. 5 a plan of a modification of my implement in
which the handle d is connected to the implement by means of the socket joint e,
the parts being so constructed and disposed that the implement may be either
pushed or pulled. The mould board sides are here opened and closed by means of
an excentric i, if it is desired that the mould boards should be capable of a greater
amount of lateral motion two excentrics carried by a centre piece attached to the
cutter piece b are used, each one acting on its own board. In this way the boards
may be moved separately a greater or less distance from the centre line.
Fig. 6 is a plan of an implement in which the mould board sides are expanded
and contracted by means of a tube nut j and screws h.
Fig. 7 shows a further construction of reversible handle which may be used
either for pushing or pulling.
I find it a great advantage to construct the lower portion of the front of the
implement with an enlarged piece or spear head k to prevent the implement from
entering the ground too deeply. The said enlargement may be formed with the
mould boards or may be detachable. It will be obvious that the shape and form
of the handle, and the means of attaching it to the implement may be varied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The improved hand implement herein described for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 10th day of September 1885.
J. T. KING,
Per J. Johnson,
Agent.