Improvements in Sewing Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Mar.. 1893
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Dec., 1893-Accepted, 24th Feb., 1594
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sewing Machines.
We, WILLIAM JONES, Director, HIRAM GEORGE HALL, Manager, and
JAMES HALL Assistant Manager, of the Firm of "Jones' Sewing Machine Co.
Limited "of Guide Bridge, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Sewing
Machine Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
--
Our invention relates to improved combinations and arrangements of mechanism
for sewing with a vertical eye pointed needle and an oscillating shuttle.
Some of the parts hereinafter referred to are ordinary and well known but they
are combined with other parts which are novel in their arrangement and
combination.
There is a horizontal shaft in bearings in the arm of the machine which has a fly
wheel and driving pulley at its back end and which can be made fast and loose upon
the shaft by a screwed nut and at the front end of the shaft there is a disc, having
a bowl that fits on a crank pin that works in a cam slot in a part secured on the
vertical needle slide bar.
There is a cam on the periphery of the dise for actuating a slack thread take up
lever and there is a slack thread tension spring arrangement, and a friction disc
thread tension arrangement. Also a presser foot slide bar, and lifting mechanism.
There is an eccentric or tappet secured on the shaft near its back end to give
lateral movement to the fork at the upper end of a lever, the lower end of which is
jointed to an arm from a horizontal shaft in centre bearings below the cloth or base
plate of the machine which horizontal shaft has other two arms jointed to a
part (hereinafter referred to) to which the serrated surface is attached for feeding
the cloth being sewn.
The upper end of the lever receiving lateral movement from the eccentric or
tappet has a stud in its side carrying a bowl that fits a groove in a disc or part on
a shaft having its bearings in a hole in the framing, the outer end of which shaft
has a handle upon it for changing the inclination of the slot or groove in relation
to the said forked lever so that the length of movement may be varied as desired
according to the length of stitch required.
The parts above referred to and other details connected therewith are ordinary
parts of a sewing machine.
The rotary horizontal shaft in the arm frame of the machine has a crank formed
in it, but that part of the crank which in an ordinary crank is parallel to the axis
of the shaft is in this case at an angle thereto; and it acts to operate a bent lever
which may be all in one piece for actuating the shuttle.
This bent lever may be roughly described as of the staple form one of its legs
being shorter than the other the end of the long leg which is horizontal, carries the
shuttle and end of the short leg which is horizontal is for the upper axis or pivot
upon which the lever oscillates, the lower axis or pivot upon which the lever
oscillates being at a point intermediate between the end of the long leg of the
staple or lever and that part of the staple or lever connecting the two legs which
part is vertical in the machine; or may be pivotted at the extreme end of the
shuttle driving lever.
The axis of the bent lever may be studs or pivots or other equivalents. The
vertical part of the bent lever is made to clip on each side of the inclined crank
so that the rotation of the shaft produces oscillations in the bent lever.

page_text: The long horizontal arm or leg of the bent lever under the table or base plate is
or may be made to work in guides to steady it laterally. The shuttle carrier is or
may be attached adjustably to the end of the long arm of the bent lever, and the
shuttle which is or may be a tubular open ended shuttle, is placed in the carrier
with one of its faces resting and working against a vertical shuttle race or face
formed in a curve concentric with the axis upon which the long arm of the bent
lever oscillates.
In place of a shuttle carrier combined with a vertical shuttle race there may be
a cradle shuttle carrier without vertical shuttle race.
The part for actuating the feed both for vertical and the to-and-fro horizontal
movements, is a U or staple formed piece, the two legs of which are about the same
length, the part connecting the two legs of the staple (forming the axis), is carried
in centres in arms from the horizontal shaft in bearings under the base or cloth
plate hereinbefore mentioned consequently the serrated part for feeding the cloth
which is secured to one leg of the staple formed lever, receives both horizontal and
vertical movements because the other leg of the staple-formed lever has a pin in it
which carries a bowl that rests upon a cam surface, formed or secured upon the
upper face of the long arm of the shuttle driving lever, which in its oscillating
movements gives the required up and down movements to the feeding surface.
Instead of the cam surface or cam slot being formed or secured on the shuttle
driving lever and the bowl secured to one of the arms of the lever which carries the
serrated feed piece, the bowl might be arranged on the shuttle driving lever and the
cam surface or cam slot arranged on the arm of U or staple piece which carries
the serrated feed.
The leg of the staple formed lever for feeding the cloth is kept down by a spring,
but the spring is or may be dispensed with by causing the bowl to fit a cam slot
carried upon the long arm of the bent shuttle driving lever.
In place of the angle crank an eccentric may be substituted.
Dated this 28th day of March 1802
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sewing Machines.
We, WILLIAM JONES, Director, HIRAM GEORGE HALL, Manager, and
JAMES HALL, Assistant Manager, of the Firm of "Jones' Sewing Machine Co.
Limited of Guide Bridge, near Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Sewing
Machine Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to improved combinations and arrangements of mechanism
for sewing with a vertical eye pointed needle and an oscillating shuttle.
Some of the parts hereinafter referred to are ordinary and well known, .but
they are combined with other parts which are novel in their arrangement and
combination.
There is a horizontal shaft in bearings in the arm of the machine which has a fly
wheel and driving pulley at its back end, and which can be made fast and loose
upon the shaft by a screwed nut, and at the front end of the shaft there is a disc
having a bowl that fits on a crank pin that works in a cam slot in a part secured on
the vertical needle slide bar.
There is, a cam on the periphery of the disc for actuating a "slack thread take
up" lever, and there is a slack thread tension spring arrangement, and a friction
disc thread tension arrangement. Also a presser foot slide bar, and lifting
mechanism. There is an excentric or tappet secured on the shaft near its back end

page_text: to give lateral movement to the fork at the upper end of a lever, the lower end of
which is jointed to an arm from a horizontal shaft in centre, bearings below the
cloth or base plate of the machine, which horizontal shaft has two other arms
jointed to a part (hereinafter referred to) to which the serrated surface is attached
for feeding the cloth being sewn.
The upper end of the lever receiving lateral movement from the excentric or
tappet, has a stud in its side carrying a bowl that fits a groove in a disc or part on
a shaft having its bearings in a hole in the framing, the outer end of which shaft
has a handle upon it for changing the inclination of the slot or groove in relation
to the said forked lever so that the length of movement may be varied as desired
according to the length of stitch required.
The parts above referred to and other details connected therewith are ordinary
parts of a sewing machine.
The rotary horizontal shaft in the arm frame of the machine has a crank formed
in it, but that part of the crank which in an ordinary crank is parallel to the axis
of the shaft is in this case at an angle thereto; and it acts to operate a bent lever
which may be all in one piece for actuating the shuttle.
This bent lever may be roughly described as of the staple form, one of its legs
being shorter than the other, the end of the long leg which is horizontal, carries
the shuttle and the end of the short leg which is horizontal is for the upper axis or
pivot upon which the lever oscillates, the lower axis or pivot upon which the lever
oscillates being at a point intermediate between the end of the long leg of the
staple or lever and that part of the staple or lever connecting the two legs which
part is vertical in the machine, or the staple formed lever may be pivotted at the
extreme end of the shuttle driving lever, that is, upon the ends of the axle or.
connection passing between the two legs of the staple, which axle has or may have
a slot or hole in it for the cranked shaft to pass through clearly, the upper short
leg having parts to grip or come on each side of the inclined crank which in such
case would be reversed in inclination to that for the staple lever first described,
which we prefer to use.
The axes of the bent lever may be studs or pivots or other equivalents. The
vertical part of the bent lever is made to clip on each side of the inclined crank so
that the rotation of the shaft produces oscillations in the bent lever.
The long horizontal arm or leg of the bent lever under the table or base plate is
or may be made to work in guides to steady it laterally... The shuttle carrier is or
may be attached adjustably to the end off the long arm of the bent-lever, and. the
shuttle which is or may be a tubular open ended shuttle is placed in the carrier.
with one of its faces resting and working against a vertical shuttle race or face
formed in a curve concentric with the axis upon which the long arm of the bent
lever oscillates.
In place of a shuttle carrier combined with a vertical shuttle there
race,
a cradle shuttle carrier without a vertical shuttle race.
may be
The part for actuating the feed both for vertical and the to-and-fro horizontal
movements, is a U or staple formed piece, the two legs of which are about the same
length, the part connecting the two legs of the staple (forming the axis) is carried
in centres in arms from the horizontal shaft in bearings under the base or cloth
plate hereinbefore, mentioned consequently the serrated part for feeding the cloth
which is secured to one leg of the staple-formed lever, receives both horizontal and
vertical movements, because the other leg of the staple-formed lever has a pin in
it, which carries a bowl that rests upon a cam surface formed or secured upon the
upper face of the long arm of the bent shuttle driving lever which in its oscillating
movements gives the required up and down movements to the feeding surface.
Instead of the cam surface or cam slot being formed or secured on the shuttle
driving lever, and the bowl secured to one of the arms of the lever which carries
the serrated teed piece, the bowl might be arranged on the shuttle driving lever
and the can surface or cam slot arranged on the arm of the U or staple piece which
carries the serrated feeds:
:
I

page_text: The leg of the staple-formed lever, for feeding the cloth is kept down by a spring
but the spring is or may be dispensed with by causing the bowl to fit a cam slot
carried upon the long arm of the bent shuttle driving lever.
In place of the angle crank a spherical faced excentric may be substituted.
Fig. 1, is a side elevation.
Fig. 2, is a side elevation in section, the section being in about a vertical plane
passing through the axis of the cranked driving shaft.
Fig. 3, is an elevation looking at the front or needle end of the machine with the
front plate removed.
Fig. 4, is a sectional elevation, the section being in about the line A-B Fig. 2.
Fig. 5, is a plan view of the parts under the cloth plate, and the upper part of
the machine is supposed to be broken away, and
Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9, are views of the shuttle, and
Figs. 10, 11 and 12, are views of the winder, which views of the shuttle and
winder will be hereinafter further described.
a, is the base plate of the machine from which the arm a¹, rises, that carries the
mechanism at the upper part of the machine.
b, is the horizontal first motion shaft having a bearing at the rear, and at the
front end of the horizontal arm a¹.
c, the fly and driving wheel grooved for the driving band.
This wheel c, is loose on the shaft, and is loose when driving the winder, but is
made fast to the shaft when the machine is sewing by a screw nut c', of ordinary
arrangement at the end of the shaft.
At the front end of the shaft , a drum e, is secured, in the disc face of which
there is a stud having a bowl upon it, that works in a cam groove in a part f'.
secured to the needle slide bar f, (which is an ordinary arrangement) which slide-
vertically up and down in bearings in the head, best seen in Fig. 3, which shows
the mechanism as seen when the cover plate a², is removed f², is the needle at the
lower end of the needle slide.
The drum e, on the shaft b, has a cam groove el, in its periphery for a bowl on a
stud e, secured in a crank lever e², having its fulcrum on a screw e', screwing into
the framing.
The end of the cranked lever e³, has a hole e, for the needle thread to pass
through, this lever being for taking up the slack thread.
+
There is a hole in the side of the arm a¹, to give access to the cranked lever e²,
and to lubricate it, which hole is covered by a plate a³, hinged upon a screw a', sec
Fig. 1.
.:
9, is the presser foot secured by a screw, to the lower end of the presser slide g',
which slides in a bearing in the lower part of the arm a', and in a tubular screw g²,
at the upper part of the arm a¹.
There is a part g³, secured to the presser slide 9', by a screw which part has
a projection that can fit and slide up and down in a slot in the arm a', which
projection keeps the slide 9', from turning.
In the slot under this projection 93, one end of a cam lever acts, that has its
fulcrum g, on the arm a', this lever having a handle g, for lifting and holding up
the presser foot g, which is an ordinary arrangement.
There is a helical spring 96, on the presser foot slide bar g', the lower end of
which comes against the projection 3, and the upper end against the lower end of
the tubular screw g², by turning the milled head of which screw. the pressure of the
spring g, acting upon the presser foot is adjusted.
There is a friction disc and spring thread tension arrangement which is secured
upon a stud, the end of which is secured in the arm a¹.
To this stud, one end of a helical spring is secured which is in a cavity in
the arm a', round the stud /, the other end of this spring is extended outwards
to form an arm having a curl ', at the end of it for the needle thread to pass
through.
;
.
There is a plate ², with a hole in it and a flange round the hole except where

page_text: the spring arm is to pass through and work clear of the flange and this plate h², is
secured to the arm by a screw h3, passing through a curved slot in the plate h³,
which allows the plate to be adjusted round the stud h, so that a projection h*, from
the plate, forming a stop for the spring arm 4', can be adjusted to cause the
spring to have more or less actiou.
Upon the stud h, and coming against the edge of the flange on the plate h², there-
is a disc h, and against it another disc 4, and against the latter a lever disc h',
and against it a spiral spring ³, and against the latter a screw h, on the stud for
regulating the tension or friction upon the needle thread.
The lever disc ', has a projection ", from its upper end that is bent at a right
angle and passes freely through a hole in the arm a', which thus keeps the lever
disc in position. On the lower side of the lever disc ', there is a projecting
handle, by pressing upon which the friction discs h, and h*, are opened to
release the tension upon the thread.
This arrangement of tension spring and friction discs is similar to well known
arrangements for the purpose.
The needle thread passes from a spool æ, on a vertical spindle at ³, then to the
eye, on the side of the head, then under the stud h, and between the two friction.
discs 5, and 6, then to the eye or hook ', then to the hole e, in the arm of the
slack thread lever e, then to the loop or hook of wire ³, in front of the cover-
plate a², then to the hook or wire, at the lower end of the needle slide and
then to the eye of the needle f, and then to the cloth being sewn.
This arrangement is similar to other well known needle thread tension.
mechanism.
There is an excentric or tappet on the shaft 6, (see Figs. 2 and 4) which
works in the fork formed at the upper end of a lever or rod, the lower end of
which rod is jointed to an arm 2, from a shaft ³, in screw cone centres and ♬³‚.
below the base plate a, (see Figs. 2 and 5).
On one side of the forked connecting rod or lever i', there is a stud having a.
bowl, upon it, that works in a straight cam slot across the face of a disc or
head, upon a shaft, and as the excentric or tappet i, gives lateral movement'
to the upper end of this rod or lever i¹, the bowl, moves to and fro in the
cain slot.
If the cam slot is in a position parallel to the movement given to the rod .
by the excentric, there is no end or vertical movement in the rod or lever i',.
but if the cam slot is at an angle to the lateral movement imparted to the
rod, by the excentric, then there is more or less end or vertical movement
in the rod i, and consequently more or less rocking movement is imparted to.
the shaft ³.
This mechanism gives the feeding movement to the cloth being sewn, and a.
greater or less length of feed or stitch according to the angle of the cam slot on.
the end of the short shaft, that passes through a hole and has bearings in
the arm a'.
On the outer end of the short shaft, a lever handle, is secured, and in its hoss.
there is a gap formed for a pin secured in and projecting from the arm a', which.
pin limits the movement of the handle .
When the handle 2, is pushed downwards the length of stitch is reduced or
made nil, and when pushed upwards the length of tsitch is increased or made of its.
greatest length.
The lever handle, is made tight so as not to move too easily.
This arrangement for producing the movement for and varying the length of the
stitch is well known.
The rotary horizontal shaft, is cranked and the crank is made to operate upon
a bent lever having two horizontal arms, and 6%, connected by a vertical part ³,.
one arm shorter than the other.
The upper short arm, of this bent lever has its fulcrum on a screw 6ª, screwing-

page_text: through the arm a', and the lower long arm 62, of this bent lever has its fulerum on
a stud, secured on the under side of the base plate a.
The two fulcrums of the bent lever are both in the same axial line 6, and this
line 6, crosses the axial line of the shaft b, at 6, and if a line be drawn from , to
the point, the axial line of the angle crank where its throw is the largest or
describes the largest diameter, then such inclined line will give the inclination of
the inclined crank, which works without lateral play in a slot or fork in the upper
part of the vertical part 63, of the bent lever (see Fig. 4).
This fork is made so that its sides or prongs can be drawn together by a screw º,
in the fork above and another, below the inclined crank and thus the insides
of the prongs of the fork are kept close to the journal part of the crank
without play.
The lower long arm, of the bent lever is formed to work against a guiding
surface a³, under the base plate on its upper side and against a plate aº, secured to
the base plate a, by screws on the under side of the arm 13.
To the front end of the arm 63, a shuttle carrier 6', is secured by a screw be,
and slot, so as to be adjustable to and from the vertical face a', of a shuttle race
curved to the radius of the long arm 63, of the bent lever, plus the carrier b", and
part of the width of the shuttle from its fulcrum 6º.
On the upper face of the lower arm 62, of the bent lever there is a cam surface 6ª,
upon which a bowl k, rests, that is upon a stud secured in one arm k¹, from a
shaft, in cone centres ³, and, carried in nearly vertical arms, from the
shaft 3.
This shaft 2, has another arm A, from it to which the serrated feeding surface 4º,
is secured, see Figs. 3 and 5.
The action of the cam surface b, on the arm, of the bent lever is to give the
up and down movements to the serrated feeding surface k, the shaft 3, conveying
the feeding movement.
The
There is a spring to keep the bowl k, down upon the cam surface b".
spring acts upon a pink, sliding in a hole under the plate a, and acting upon the
arm
The shuttle is illustrated by Figs. 6, 7, 8 and 9.
Fig. 6, a top plan view of the shuttle complete in its working position.
Fig. 7, is a similar view but with the tension and guiding spring removed.
Fig. 8, is a view of the open end, and
Fig. 9, is a side view at a right angle to the views Figs. 6 and 7.
The shuttle; is formed of solid steel or similar suitable metal.
It has a hole drilled in it longitudinally at one end, which will just hold the
spool when inserted in its end, the flanges or ends of the spool fitting the hole in
the shuttle so that the spool may freely rotate to unwind the thread from it when
inserted in the shuttle.
The shuttle is shaped externally as shown in the figures, one side l, near the
point, and 2, at the heel of the shuttle being flattened in the vertical direction and
curved in the lengthway to the radius of the face of the shuttle race a'.
From the heel of the shuttle there is a slit 13, cut through the side of the
shuttle, which first passes in an oblique or helical direction for a short distance and
then in a reversed oblique or helical direction for a longer distance terminating in
a small hole, (Fig. 7).
A tension and guard or guide spring, extends nearly the length of the shuttle
to which it is secured at one end by a screw at 16, the bole for the screw being
sunk below the outer surface of the shuttle and the spring is cranked to fit into the
sunk part, and the other end of the spring is pointed and cranked downwards so
that it may be passed through a hole, near the heel of the shuttle, and hook or
catch upon the inside of the shuttle.
This small end of the spring 1, is first placed in the hole before it is secured by
the screw 18.
:

page_text: The spring, is nearly flat on the top, but is partly curved round the shuttle on
the side.
There are two small holes and, through the spring from each of which there
is a slot meeting at an angle and leaving an angular pointed piece of metal. (see
Fig. 6) which is bent down to come over and into a hole ", at the point end of the
shuttle (see Fig. 7).
When the spool y, is inserted in the hole in the shuttle as shown in dotted line
in Fig. 9, the thread from it is drawn along the slit 13, until it extends the lengthway
of the shuttle and passes under the said angular point of the spring, when it is drawn
backwards, the thread then extends from the hole 1, in the spring, over the upper
side of the angular pointed piece and the thread will then pass directly from the
hole 1, in the plate 15, under it to the cloth when the shuttle is in the machine
sewing. The friction is put upon the thread in passing from the hole, to the
hole 1, between which holes the spring is acting to press the thread against the
side of the shuttle.
When the shuttle is placed in the cradle or carrier for it (see Fig. 5) its point
end is first inserted and then its heel, and the lower side of the shuttle rests upon
the points 6, of the cradle or carrier, which are inclined downwards and towards
the vertical face a', of the shuttle race and consequently the curved face side ("
and ) of the shuttle rests and works close against the vertical curved face a², of
the shuttle race.
The horn ', of the shuttle carrier or propeller comes opposite to a cavity l",
sunk into the side of the shuttle near its pointed end, and the Hat horn 65, comes
against the heel of the shuttle and also against the pivot of the shuttle spool at
that end thus keeping the spool in the shuttle when in the carrier.
There is space between the shuttle and its carrier to allow the loop of thread
from the needle to pass round and along the shuttle, the point end first taking the
loop of the needle thread when moving forward so that there is space for it to pass
the horn &, and there is also space between the heel and horn, for the loop of
the needle thread to pass off the shuttle.
The outline of the shuttle is shown in its position when working in Fig. 5.
a³, is a groove in the face of the shuttle race to give space for the needle.
Figs. 10, 11 and 12 are views of the automatic spool winder, Fig. 10, is a plan;
Fig. 11, a front elevation, and Fig. 12, a cross section.
It is a frame m, hinged at m', to a projection from the framing a', of the machine,
see Fig. 1:
m², is the driving spindle having bearings in the frame m, and its outer end has
a pulley m³, with an india rubber tyre to work against the fly wheel c, when
winding, the inner end of the spindle has a hole for the pivot of, and a cavity for
the flange of the spool upon which the thread is to be wound.
There is another bearing in the frame for a sliding bolt mt, which is acted upon
by a helical spring arranged with a cone hole to hold the pivot of the spool and
force its flange at the other end against the end of the rotary spindle m²..
m, is a plate jointed on a wire me, in arms from the frame m, this plate is acted
upon by one end of a helical spring m', that comes against its under side, the other
end of the spring being in a hole in the frame m, and thus the plate is beld against
the spindle or barrel of the spool when thread is being wound upon it.
There is a hook projection m³, from the frame m, to prevent the plate m³, from
being pushed too high when there is no spool between the centres.
This spool winder is ordinary and well known and the mode of using it when
winding is well understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is: -
1. The combination of a lever having two horizontal arms connected by a vertical
part, and two pivots or fulcrums in the same vertical line, and a horizontal driving

page_text: shaft having an inclined crank in it, which lever has parts by which it is connected
with and oscillated by the crank substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described and illustrated by the drawings.
2. The combination of a lever having a short upper horizontal arm and a lower
long horizontal arm for carrying a shuttle the two arms being connected by a
vertical part, and having the two fulcrums of the lever in the same vertical line,
with an inclined crank on the horizontal driving shaft. substantially as and for the
purpose hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings.
3. The combination of a two armed lever such as that referred in Claims 1 and 2,
with a cam surface or slot on the long arm with a lever for giving the lifting
movement required by the feeding mechanism, substantially as herein before
described and illustrated by the drawings.
4. The combination of the shuttle driving mechanism hereinbefore described and
the feeding mechanism giving the lifting movements with the mechanism giving
the propelling or feeding movements, substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by the drawings.
5. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for sewing, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated this 22nd day of December 1893.
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Agent.