In- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LUBRICATING OIL OR COMPOUNDS, AND IN THE PROCESSES EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Chapman, of Queen's Buildings, Queen
Victoria Street, in the City of London, for the Invention of "In-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LUBRICATING OIL OR COMPOUNDS, AND
IN THE PROCESSES EMPLOYED THEREIN." -A communication from abroad
by Charles H. Green, of New York, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Chapman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th October 1875.
I, GEORGE CHAPMAN, of Queen's Buildings, Queen Victoria Street,
in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LUBRICATING OIL OR
COMPOUNDS, AND IN THE PROCESSES EMPLOYED THEREIN," a communication to
me from abroad by Charles H. Green, of New York, United States of
America, to be as follows :—

page_text: matter for lubricating machinery and for other purposes is produced, the
following being a description thereof and of the processes employed in
the said manufacture.
It is found that certain oleaginous secretions or matter obtained from
the joints, feet, and other parts of animals, when mixed with animal and
other oils or fluid, can be used to great advantage for lubricating
machinery and for other purposes. The said oleaginous secretions or
matters are successfully extracted in the following manner:-A quantity
of cattle feet and other parts of the animal are put into a clean caldron,
with sufficient water to cover the said matter, and boilled at a temperature
of about 240° Fahrenheit until the flesh and gristle seperate from the
bone, which will require about four hours. The neat's foot oil given out
by the boiling will float on the surface, and may be skimmed off for
seperate uso if desired, but otherwise it may be left; the bones are then
removed, as they may be useful for many purposes in the arts. At this
stage of the process the matter which it is desired to mix with the oil
for lubricating or other purposes is in a suitable condition to receive the
oil to be mixed with it. Whatever the material in question may be it is
believed that it is either the synovial fluid known to anatomists, or that
that fluid forms an important if not the principal part; and although the
nent's foot is not necessary to the compound which it is desired to produce,
its presence in the compound or preparation will not be injurious.
When the matter is in the condition above described, and with or
without the neat's foot oil, about one part equal in bulk of paraffine oil
is added, which with advantage should first be deodorized, the mixture
being boiled for about three-quarters of an hour, or until the paraffine
oil combines with or takes up the matter above referred to, but not long
enough to decompose the animal matter, which is usually made into
glue. After allowing the matter to stand about fifteen minutes to allow
the heavy parts to settle, the liquid combination is drawn off so far as
it can be done without disturbing the heavier matter not combined with
the oil. The compound thus produced of oil with the matter, with which
it combines, constitutes an important feature of this Invention, being
chiefly intended for lubricating machinery, but which may be used for
other purposes.

page_text: without waste, about from one-eighth to one-sixth by measure of whale
or other animal or vegetable oil is added to the compound, it having
been found that the best temperature at which to make such an addition
is about 70° Fahrenheit.
Paraffine is named as the oil to be used in making the said compound
because it is the cheapest, and also having been found to be the best.
The Invention however is not limited to the exclusive use of paraffine,
as other oils and fluids may be substituted.
With regard to the process or processes herein-before described for
obtaining the fluid or matter to be combined with the oil, and for
effecting the combination or admixture thereof, this Invention is not
limited to such process or processes, as other and equivalent processes
may be substituted therefor.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Chapman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 7th April 1876.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
CHAPMAN, of Queen's Buildings, Queen Victoria Street, in the City of
London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said George Chapman, Her special
license that I, the said George Chapman, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Chapman, my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LUBRICATING OIL OR COMPOUNDS, AND IN THE PROCESSES

page_text: .
although the neat's foot is not necessary to the compound which it is
desired to produce, its presence in the compound or preparation will not,
be injurious.
When the matter is in the condition above described, and with or
without the neat's foot oil, about one part equal in bulk of paraffin õil
is added, which with advantage should first, be deodorized, the mixture
being boiled for about three-quarters of an hour, or until the paraffin oil
combines with or takes up the matter above referred to, but not long
enough to decompose the animal matter, which is usually made into
glue. After allowing the matter to stand about fifteen minutes to allow
the heavy parts to settle, the liquid combination is drawn off so far as
it can be done without disturbing the heavier matter not combined with
the oil. The compound thus produced of oil with the matter with which
it combines constitutes an important feature of this Invention, being
chiefly intended for lubricating machiney, but which may be used for
other purposes.
If it be desired to render the compound less fluid to prevent it from
running freely, so that it can be used for lubricating vertical slides
without waste, about from one-eighth to one-sixth by measure of whale
or other animal or vegetable oil is added to the compound, it having
been found that the best temperature at which to make such an addition
is about 70° Fahrenheit.
Paraffin is named as the oil to be used in making the said compound
because it is the cheapest, and also having been found to be the best.
This Invention however is not limited to the exclusive use of paraffin,
as other oils and fluids may be substituted.
With regard to the process or processes herein-before described for
obtaining the fluid or matter to be combined with the oil, and for
effecting the combination or admixture thereof, this Invention is not
limited to such process or processes, as other and equivalent processes
may be substituted therefor.
Having thus described the nature of this Invention, and the manner
of performing or carrying the same into practice, what I claim under
the above in part recited Letters Patent is, the improved manufacture-of
5 lubricating oil or compounds by the combination of paraffin or other
oils with the synovial fluid or other substances obtained from animal
-

page_text: matter, and in the processes employed in such manufacture, substantially
as and for the purposes herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Chapman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
GEO. CHAPMAN. (L.S.)
Witness,
EDWARD BLAKE,
Clerk to Messrs. Tongue & Birkbeck,
Patent Agents & Engineers,
84, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane,
W.C.