Improvement in the Manufacture of Twist Lace Fabrics.
Year: 1895

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in the Manufacture of Twist Lace Fabrics.
I, WILLIAM JACKSON, Lace Manufacturer Sandiacre Derbyshire do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
The machines I employ are the existing lace machines, with the additional
apparatus hereunder described added thereto.
The object of my invention, is to make loose purls, loops, or fringes, upon
any ground, or network, without the use of drawthreads as the practice has been
heretofore.
Thus, if with the existing lace machine it is desired to make any loose purls,
loops, or fringes upon any fine ground, or network, the threads with which the
purls, loops, or fringes are made, are thrown, by the ordinary motions of the
machine, up, or down, (as the case may be) on the back motion of the machine.
They are kept in that position by drawthreads, which, being twisted round each
purl, loop, or fringe, hold them in the position desired, and which by the addional
apparatus hereunder described I am able to dispense with.
To do this, I employ a locking bar which is somewhat similar to the point bars,
of which the existing type of lace machine has two. The locking bar is actuated
by two or more suitable levers and cams, working, either from an existing shaft
of the machine, or an extra shaft added thereto, according to the build of machine
used.
The locking bar is placed, and works in the machine, between the two point
bars, but whereas, the point bars dip, and take up the threads making each purl,
loop, or fringe from immediately above the carriages of the machine, the locking
bar, by dipping but a fractional part, holds each purl, loop, or fringe, until, by
the ordinary motions of the machine the threads making the said purls, loops, or
fringes, are firmly twisted in.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in the Manufacture of Twist Lace Fabrics.
I, WILLIAM JACKSON, of Sandiacre, Derbyshire, Lace Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters
and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of twist lace fabrics,
and it has for its object the production of loose purls, loops, or fringes, upon any
ground or net work, without the use of draw threads, as has been the practice
heretofore.
The machines I employ for this purpose are those now in use, to which I have
added additional apparatus, as hereinafter described.

page_text: In existing lace machines, as for instance in Levers machines, if it be desired to
make loose purls, loops, or fringes, on any fine ground or net work, the threads with
which the purls, loops, or fringes are made, are thrown, by the ordinary motions
of the machine, up or down, as the case may be, on the back motion of the
machine, and are maintained in that position by draw threads which, being twisted
round each purl, loop, or fringe, nip and hold them in the position desired.
Now, according to my invention, I despense with the draw threads, and employ,
in addition to the ordinary point bars in a lace machine, a locking point bar
somewhat similar in general construction to the above named bars, and I actuate
this locking point bar by suitable levers, arms, and cams, worked either from an
existing shaft of the machine, or from an additional shaft, according to the build
of the machine used, in a manner similar to that in which the ordinary point bars
are operated in a lace machine.
The locking point bar is placed and works in the machine between the two
ordinary point bars, but whereas the point bars dip and take up the threads for the
purls, loops, or fringes, from immediately above the carriages of the machine, the
locking point bar only dips slightly and holds each loop until, by the ordinary
motions of the machine, the threads are formed into purls, loops, or fringes, and
each one firmly twisted in.
And in order that my invention may be readily understood, I will describe the
same fully with reference to the annexed drawings, which show only so much of a
Levers lace machine as is necessary to explain the invention, and in which:
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the point bar mechanism with the locking
point bar.
Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 show the relative motions of the points of the ordinary point
bars and of the locking point bar.
Figs. to 13 show the manner in which a loop is formed.
a is the locking point bar which is lifted by an arm b, carried by a lever c
provided with a cam roller d against which a cam e works. f is the front point bar.
for the knocking-out motion of which a lever g is provided. This lever carries, in
addition to the knocking out link for the front point bar, a knocking out link i
for the locking point bar a. jis the back point bar which is lifted by the arm k
operated in the ordinary manner, and knocked out by the link in the ordinary
well known manner. m is the net roller or beam for receiving the finished lace or
fabric.
For the first motion of the machine, the points a', f', and ', of the locking point
bar, front bar, and back bar, respectively, are in the positions shown in Fig. 2.
The second motion of the points is shown in Fig. 3, the points of the locking and
front bars moving downwards, as indicated by dotted lines, in the direction of the
arrows. The third motion or position is shown by Fig. 4, and Fig. 5 represents
the fourth motion in which the back bar points fall, as indicated by the dotted
line, in the direction of the arrow. The purl thread n (see Figs. 2 and 6) in the
formation of a purl or loop, at first passes straight between the points of the three
point bars, as in Fig. 6. The front bar (and also the locking point bar, as in
Fig. 3) then descends and an augle is put on the thread, as seen in Fig. 7, in the
ordinary manner, after which it rises forming one loop or half purl, as in Figs. 4
and 8. The back bar then falls as in Fig. 9, without affecting the loop. Fig. 10
shows the bars returned to the position shown in Figs. 2 and 6, but with one loop,
or half purl, formed. The front bar then descends and an angle is put on the
thread, as in Fig. 11. It then rises, as in Fig. 12, and forms one loop, or half
purl, thus completing a purl. The back bar j then descends, as in Fig. 13, and the
locking bar points hold the purl or loop while it is twisted in or nipped with the
bobbin thread.
It is obvious that loops or purls of any length, or fringes, may be made by a
similar manipulation of the machine; and it is to be understood that I do not
limit myself to the arrangement of parts shown, nor to the particular shapes of
cams, as these would depend upon the work to be produced.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. In the manufacture of twist lace fabrics, the production of loose purls, loops,
or fringes, upon a ground or net work, without the use of draw threads, substantially
as set forth.
2. For producing loose purls, loops, or fringes, upon a ground or net work,
without the use of draw threads, the employment, in a lace machine, of a locking
point bar arranged between the ordinary point bars and serving to hold each purl
or loop until the threads forming the same are firmly twisted in, substantially as
described.
3. In a Levers, or like, lace machine, the locking point bar a and the operating
mechanism for the same, comprising the knocking out link i, locking bar lever c,
cam e, cam roller d, and lifting arm b, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
ERNEST DE PASS,
Chartered Patent Agent,
78, Fleet Street, London, and 5 Market Street, Nottingham,
Agent for the Applicant.