and Malt Kilns BETTER VENTILATING AND HEATING OF HOP AND MALT KILNS
Year: 1885

page_text: and Malt Kilns.
GEORGE SMALLMAN Talbot Hotel, Newnham near Tenbury Worcestershire Hotel
Keeper, Farmer & Hopgrower do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
THE BETTER VENTILATING AND HEATING OF HOP AND MALT KILNS, to be as
follows:-
The principal of my Invention is the introduction of a regular current of air
through flues which are so constructed as to pass immediately over the stool
containing the Fire, and ascend through loose Brick "Checker work" to the Hops
or Malt above in a heated state. It can be constructed to any sized Kiln.
The Invention consists of a Fire stool which is placed in the centre of the Kiln,
surrounding this stool a brick wall is built about 5 ft high leaving a space of 6
or 8 inches into which space Air Flues are brought-Horizontal Bars are placed
14 inches above the Fire stool resting upon the outside walls and supporting about
2 or 3 feet of Checker work, the air after passing through this brickwork which is
heated from the stool below ascends to the Hops or Malt in a regular heated body
-This invention will be fully described and delineated in Plan and Specification.
Dated this 6th day of July 1885

page_text: An Invention for the Better Ventilating and Heating of Hop
and Malt Kilns.
I GEORGE SMALLMAN of the Talbot Hotel Newnham near Tenbury in the
County of Worcester do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention has for its object the better ventilating and heating of hop and
malt kilns by which I am enabled to maintain a more regular temperature and
more effective circulation of that temperature under the drying floor.
It is well known to those experienced in such matters that very low or very
high temperatures will not accomplish the work and on the other hand when the
right temperature is maintained there must be a good circulation of air through
the hops to give them the proper color. Any violent changes after the work is
well begun is detrimental to the quality of the hops in the market Now my
invention meets these needs effectively in the following manner :-
I place the fire in or upon a stool in or near the centre of the kiln and say
about fifteen inches or other convenient height from the floor of the lower room.
The walls of the stool are built about say nine inches above the fire grate and then
a second wall is built quite surrounding the stool wall or fire place casing and say
some 5 feet or other convenient height but leaving a suitable space between the
two of say in the case shown of some six or eight inches Into this space or spaces
the air flue or flues are brought. Horizontal bars are placed a suitable distance
above the fire resting on the outside walls and the space above is filled up with loose
bricks without mortar for say some two or three feet in thickness according to the
size of the kiln-The heat as it rises from the fire passes through these loose bricks
and drawing with it a current of air through the flues and over the fire which in
passing through the loose bricks becomes warm and ascends to the hop floor in
this suitably heated condition and passes through the hops in a regular manner
which is very essential both to the drying of hops and malt.
In order that my Invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried
into practice I have appended hereunto a sheet of drawings upon which I have
shown an example of my invention and from which it will be sufficiently under-
stood to enable those acquainted with the subject to construct other kilns to meet
any special case or requirement.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a malt house cutting through the centre of
the building and showing the fire place stool in section also
Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional plan on the line E, F.
Figure 3 is a front elevation of the stool fire place casing showing the entrance
to the fire place G above the grate and the ash hole H below the grate.
Figure 4 is a vertical section through the stool fire place on the line A. B.
Figure 5 is a vertical cross section through the stool fire place of the line C. D.
Now K is the boundary wall of the malt or hop drying house to which entrance
is made by the doorway M and N is the drying floor upon which the hops or malt

page_text: is laid in the usual manner. The ground floor level is O. Now P is the lower
room at or near the centre of which I build my stool fire place. Both the inner
wall Q and the outer walls R are set upon the concrete bottom S. The cross
beams T carry the loop hole brick work W or this brick work may be supported
upon a loop holed arch of bricks so that no iron work would be exposed to the
heat.
The grate U may be erected in any suitable manner. It will thus be seen that
between the walls R and QI, have the air flues, chamber or chambers L which
may be divided or not by the divisions Now into this chamber or chambers
I carry the supply of air by the inlet pipes X of which there may be any con-
venient number according to the size and construction of the drying house and
their size will be regulated according to the number of pipes.
The air for drying the hops or malt passes inwards in the direction of the arrow
and over the fire and through the bricks W When necessary I may carry a
supplimental pipe Y from any convenient position outside such as near the door M
to the under part of the grate to give extra draft in lighting the fire or when the
fire was very low a regulating door may be fixed at any convenient part to shut
off or regulate the draft but generally when the fire is once commenced it will
burn with great regularity and any sudden variation in temperature is obviated by
the bricks W so that the heat varies but little.
•
By this means of taking in the air I obviate having cold sides to the drying
house by changes in the wind and these houses may be built in any position even
against a high bank without difficulty.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The improvements for the better ventilating and heating of hop and malt kilns of
the stool furnace having its air chamber or chambers and inlets X in conjunction
with the cover W substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
D
11
DOLL
T
1000