IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BRUSHING AND CLEANING COTTON, -FABRICS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Henry Ormerod, of Newchurch, in the Parish
of Whalley, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BRUSHING AND CLEANING COTTON,
-FABRICS."
Sealed the 16th December 1856, and dated the 28th June 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Henry Ormerod
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th June 1856.
I, GEORGE HENRY ORMEROD, of Newchurch, in the Parish of Whalley, in
the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BRUSHING AND CLEANING
COTTON FABRICS," to be as follows:—
My Invention consists in submitting cotton fabrics to the action of a roller
covered with emery or other suitable material and to the action of a rotary
brush, both of which revolve at a great velocity, whereas the fabric moves
slowly. I cause the fabric to pass under and over stretching bars before it is
brought against the surface of the emery roller, in order that it may be evenly
distended from selvage to selvage during the operation. The object of this
Invention is to remove the greater part of the leaf or other impurities.
adhering to the fabric when it comes from the loom.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Henry Ormerod in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 26th December 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
HENRY ORMEROD, of Newchurch, in the Parish of Whalley, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria,' by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said George Henry Ormerod, Her special license that I, the said George
Henry Ormerod, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said George Henry Ormerod, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands; and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR BRUSHING AND CLEANING COTTON FABRICS,"
upon the condition. (amongst others) that I, the said George Henry Ormerod,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals; should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause. the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar. months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that, I, the, said George, Henry Ormerod, do hereby
declare the nature, of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described. and ascertained in and by; the
following statement (that is to say):-
The nature of my Invention consists in submitting cotton fabrics to the
action of a revolving roller covered with emery or other suitable material, and
of a rotating brush, for the purpose of removing the leaf or other impurities
adhering to the fabric when it comes from the loom.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood, and readily carried
into effect, I will proceed, to describe the means pursued by me, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawing, and to the figures and letters
marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the improved machinery for

page_text: stop rod p, which
brushing and cleaning cotton fabrics," and Figure 2 is an end-view-of-the
same. a, a, are four stretching bars placed at the feeding end of the machine;
6 is another cross bar, furnished at each end with adjusting screws to vary its
height; c is a roller covered, with emery or other suitable material;d is a
brush, and e another adjustable, cross bar placed between the brush d and the
rollers f and g. The roller 'f is mounted in bearings connected to the weighted
levers h; these levers and the roller f can be raised when required by the
handle fixed on the cross shaft j, to which are also fixed the levers k. The
roller ċ and brush d are made to revolve rapidly in the contrary direction
to that in which the fabric passes through the machine by a strap passing
around the pulley t in the driving shaft m, and over pulleys on the axles of
the roller and brush d, as shewn by the dotted line in Figure 1. To the
shaft m is also fixed the pulley n for driving the roller 9 by means of the
crossed strap, also shewn in dotted lines in Figure 1. The shaft m is pro-
vided with a fast or loose pulley, shewn in Figure 2. The strap for driving
these pulleys is moved laterally by the guide fork o and
latter is acted upon by the lever 9 on the starting rod r. The fabric to be
operated upon is placed on the shelf t, it then passes over and under the
stretching bars a to distend it evenly from selvage to selvage, then under
the cross bar b, which is set to the proper level for pressing the fabric more
or less on the emery roller c, according to the nature of the fabric under
operation. The leaf or other impurities adhering to the fabric is removed or
loosened in passing over the emery roller c; the fabric then passes over the
brush d, by which the loosened impurities are cleaned off the face, and thrown
into the box formed by the partitions u, u. The fabric after being brushed
is taken over the cross bar e, which is also set to increase or diminish the
amount of surface acted upon by the brush d; the fabric is then taken
between the rollers f and g, which are pressed together by the weighted
levers h, and then delivered into a suitable receptacle under the guide board v.
When a fresh piece of fabric is passed through the machine, the top roller f
is raised by depressing the handle i, thereby causing the levers k to raise the
levers h, and with them the top roller; the handle i is held, when depressed,
by the catch w. The rollers and 9 are made to revolve slowly to draw the
fabric through the machine, and the emery roller c and brush d revolve fast
to produce the proper effect on the fabric; the precise velocities must depend
upon the nature of the fabric to be operated upon.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself
to the details herein set forth, as the same may be varied without departing

page_text: from the peculiar character thereof; but what I do claim is, submitting cotton-
fabrics to the action of a revolving roller covered with emery or other suitable
material, and a rotating brush, in the manner and for the purposes described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Henry Ormerod, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-third day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW,
Manchester.
G. H. ORMEROD. (L.S.)