Improvements in Breech-loading Small-arms.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Feb., 1892-Accepted, 26th Mar., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Breech-loading Small-arms.
I, PAUL MAUSER, of Oberndorf on the Neckar in the Kingdom of Württemberg
and Empire of Germany, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The invention has for its object improvements in the connection of a shell
extractor with the bolt of breech loading bolt guns, and in particular of that kind
of shell extractor described in the Complete Specification of my application for
Patent No. 2383, dated February 10th, 1891.
The extractor itself is exactly the same as that described in the above mentioned
Specification, as also the bolt. The improvement relates only to the manner in
which the extractor is jointed to the ring which works in an annular groove of the
bolt and which is also described in the said Specification.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the bolt.
it occupies when the breech is closed.
The extractor is shown in the position
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the bolt turned 90 degrees in relation to the
extractor, such being the position of the parts when the breech is opened. Some
of the parts are shown in section.
Figure 3 represents the extractor separated from the bolt, and as seen from its
inner side.
Figure 4 is a front view of Figure 1.
Figures 5 and 6 are cross sections on the lines 5--5 and 6-6 of the Figures 1
and 2 respectively.
Figures 7 and 8 represent the manner in which the extractor is separated from,
and attached to, the bolt, the arrows indicating the direction of the pressure of the
fingers in such operations.
Figures 9, 10 and 11 show an alteration of the connection in case an undivided
ring is used.
Figures 12, 13 and 14 show another alteration.
Instead of connecting the extractor to the bolt a by a lug or hook of the
extractor engaging the screw pin running through the perforated cars of the
divided ring b, as described in the aforesaid Specification No. 2383 of the year
1891, the connection of the extractor with the ring b, and thereby with the bolt a,
is effected, according to the present invention, in the following manner.
The extractor, having in this case parallel sides and extending, as heretofore,
considerably to the rear of the ring 6, bears with its thickened tail against the
cylindrical wall of the bolt a. It is also, at its front end, provided with the
extractor claw and the cross rib f2 fitting into the corresponding groove of
the front end of the bolt a. The extractor f is furnished on its under side with a
recess, and on the sides thereof with the hooks directed towards each other
and placed longitudinally. Such recess corresponds in position with that of the
ring 6, which latter is sprung into its groove formed around the bolt a. The two
ends of this ring & are made in the shape of two hooks b' directed away from each
other. After the hooks 6' are forced together as much as possible by the fingers,
the extractor is pushed with its hooks along and over the hooks 6'. To
facilitate this interlocking action, the projecting edges of the hooks bland f³ are
reversely shaped. The extractor is in its normal position when the rib f' snaps
into the annular groove at the front of the bolt u. The process of attaching
the extractor to the ring b, and thereby to the bolt a, is most easily effected if the
parts have the position of Figure 8, the ring b being turned in such manner that the.
DQ37

page_text: hooks b' stand at the upper side of the bolt a. Then, on the ring & being compressed,
the extractor can, by means of its hooks f³, be locked together with the hooks 61
of the ring b and brought into its normal position by a push in the direction of the
arrows. To separate the extractor f from the bolt a, the former is turned, together
with the ring b, to the underside of the bolt a, whereby the rib f³ comes out of its
groove and on to the smooth portion of the bolt a, when the extractor can be
pushed forward in the direction of the arrow, see Figure 7, until its hooks ƒ³
ecome free from the hooks of the ring b.
If the bolt is inserted into its proper place in the gun, the extractor is prevented
from coming to the underside of the bolt a; therefore an accidental or unintentional 1
separation of the extractor from the bolt is impossible.
The divided ring & can be used with bolts, either without or with a separate bolt
head, but for the sake of a still greater simplicity and durability of the connection
of the extractor with the bolt, the ring b is to be made undivided, in which case
the bolt must be furnished with a separate head. This construction is represented
in Figures 9 to 14 in two forms, which, in consideration of the above given
description, need only a short explanation.
For this purpose the front portion of the bolt a is made separated from the hind
portion but afterward connected to it again in any suitable manner. In Figures 9
to 11 the bolt head possesses at its rear end a tenon, with which it is screwed into
the front end of the other portion of the bolt. In Figures 12 to 14 a tenon of the
rear portion of the bolt is fitted into the bolt head and secured in its position by a
key as in the drawing, or by cross pins or set-screws. The annular groove for the
ring is prepared where the two portions of the bolt a come together, either in
the front or the rear portion. The undivided ring 6 is fitted to its groove prior to
the connecting of the two portions of the bolt a.
The hooks b¹ of the ring b can be directed outward as in Figure 10, in which
case the extractor f Figure 11, with its hooks f, is the same as that in Figures 1
to 8, or they may be directed inwards as in Figure 13, in which case the hooks f³
of the extractor f take the shape of a single double hook as in Figure 14.
Whichever shape may be used, the greater simplicity and ease in connecting the
extractor with the bolt, and in separating it from the bolt, when the undivided
ring is employed, is readily understood as compared with the divided ring.
The manipulation with the undivided ring is the same as with the divided ring
already described, except that the compressing of the ring with the fingers is
dispensed with.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :--
1. In a cartridge shell extractor for bolt guns as described in my Complete
Specification No. 2383 of the year 1891, the alteration of the connection of the
extractor with the bolt a in such manner that the ring may be divided or
undivided, and hooks f³ (or a single double hook) provided on the underside of the
extractor f, are locked with the hooks 6' of the ring b, substantially as shown and
described.
2. In combination with an undivided ring provided with bearing hooks b¹
locking with corresponding hooks, or with a single double hook, f³ on the
underside of the extractor f, the bolt a constructed in two portions, which are
firmly connected after the ring is brought to its proper place, substantially as
shown and described.
Dare is too way of Fortiary 195
PAUL MAUSER,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.