Improvements in Rotary Motors, Pumps, and similar Machines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 24th Nov., 1890-Accepted, 27th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rotary Motors, Pumps, and similar Machines.
1, WILHELM GEORG BUNGEROTH of 81 Vine Street, Oxford Street, Liverpool in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to rotary motors, pumps and similar machines of the annular
type with moveable abutments and consists in improvements in the arrangement of
said machines and the means for actuating the moveable abutments and keeping the
working parts tight and the shaft central with the casing. My improvements are
hereinafter more particularly described as applied to a water motor but are equally
applicable to rotary motors actuated by steain compressed air or other fluids under
pressure, and partly to pumps.
The shaft of the motor is supported in bearings of the casing and has formed or
fixed upon it a disc with a thick flange to which a circular piston is attached by means
of a bracket or equivalent piece. This piston moves in an annular chamber of the
casing of corresponding circular section, the casing being made in two parts divided
on the centre line of the annular chamber and bolted together, with a slot on the
inner circumference of the annular chamber into which the flanged disc enters. At
the sides of the disc the casing is made wider than the latter and an elastic
conical slit ring of trapeze shaped section inserted on each side of the flange of the
disc between the latter and the casing, which is turned out conically at this part.
The rings springing outwards press against the conical surfaces of the casing and are
thereby pressed against the sides of the flange and prevent the water under pressure
in the annular chamber or cylinder from passing the sides of the disc into the chamber
formed by the casing at its sides. Where the rings are slit, cup leathers or their
equivalents may be inserted to make the joint. The water is admitted through the
centre of the shaft at one end, joints of the usual kind being adopted to connect the
stationary supply pipe with the rotating shaft. From the bore of the shaft the water
is conducted through a pipe formed in or fixed to the disc behind the piston, while in
front of the latter openings are formed in the flange of the disc through which the
water in front of the piston is exhausted into the chamber at the sides of the disc and
thence carried off through a lateral exhaust pipe.
a
At two diametrically opposite points of the annular chamber recesses are arranged
into which abutment slides can be drawn back to allow the passage of the piston and
are after such passage brought forward again and divide the annular chamber.
The abutment slides are connected by rods to pistons working in auxiliary cylinders
attached to the casing, and are pushed in means of water pressure on the outer ends
of the pistons, and retired either by means of springs, or by water pressure on their
inner ends. Behind each abutment an opening is made in the side of the annular
casing to which a pipe is connected leading to the outer end of the auxiliary cylinder:
for this abutment. Supposing the abutment to be withdrawn, the main piston pro-
pelled by the water under pressure behind it passes the abutinent and then the said
opening. As soon as this happens the water under pressure flows through the opening
and pipe into the outer end of the auxiliary cylinder and acting on the auxiliary
piston forces the abutment in, so that the water under pressure is now confined
between this abutment and the main piston and drives the latter till it has passed the
second abutment and opening, when the second abutment will be pushed in and the
water under pressure confined between it and the piston. At the same time the edge.
of the exhaust port in the flange of the disc passes the first abutment, relieving from
pressure the water between the two abutments as well as the piston in the auxiliary
...".

page_text: cylinder and putting this water into communication with the exhaust pipe. A helical
spring surrounding the piston rod then draws the first auxiliary piston and abutment
back.
Instead of the helical springs I use in some cases water pressure for withdrawing
the abutments by admitting water under pressure from the main to the inner side of
the auxiliary pistons and exhausting it at the required time by means of suitable
valves actuated by excentrics or their equivalent on the driving shaft. By preference
I use piston valves in a cylindrical valve box arranged as follows: The valve box is
made with five ports; the central port is connected by a pipe to the pressure main,
the two ports next to it are each connected by pipes to one the auxiliary cylinders
at their inner ends, while the two outer ports are connected to the exhaust or discharge
pipe. Three pistons are arranged on the valve stem at such distance that two adjacent
parts are between two pistons, and the valve stem is actuated by an excentric on the
driving shaft. When the piston valves are moved to the right, the central and the
intermediate port on its left will be between the middle and left hand piston, and
water pressure conveyed to the left hand auxiliary cylinder, while the right hand
intermediate and outer ports will be between the middle and right hand piston, and
the water from the right hand auxiliary cylinder exhausted. When the valves are
shifted to the right, the communications are to be reversed, and the pressure conveyed
to the right hand auxiliary cylinder and exhausted from the other. By these means
the abutments will be drawn back alternately at an interval of half a revolution of the
shaft.
My further improvement relates to the arrangement of the shaft bearing for the
purpose of keeping the shaft central and preventing the downward wear of the annular
chamber and casing. For this purpose I arrange a cone with straight or curved sides
on the shaft at each side of the casing; one of which cones may be fixed to the shaft
and the other screwed upon it and secured by a lock nut, or its equivalent. These
cones revolve in correspondingly bored bushes or in ball bearings and by screwing
them closer together the wear can be taken up and the shaft kept central with the
casing and annular chamber. If one cone only is made adjustable, a flexible copper
pipe is used to convey the water from the bore of the shaft to the flange of the disc
and the latter is connected to the shaft by means of a sliding key.
When the machine is used as a water motor, meter or pump, the packings are by
preference made by means of cup leathers and the main piston is packed by means of
a cup leather, while if it is used as a steam, compressed air or other elastic gas engine,
stuffing boxes and glands are used and the main piston packed with metallic rings.
When used as a pump, the abutments are withdrawn mechanically by means of
excentrics or cams, levers and rods. Steam may be employed expansively by
arranging a cut off valve in the supply pipe and actuating it by any suitable kind of
valve gear.
Dated this 20th day of February 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rotary Motors, Pumps, and similar Machines.
I WILHELM GEORGE BUNGEROTH of 81 Vine Street, Oxford Street, Liverpool in
the County of Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
My invention relates to rotary motors, pumps and similar machines of the annular
type with moveable abutments and consists in improvements in the arrangement of
said machines and the means for actuating the moveable abutments and keeping the
working parts tight. My improvements are more particularly intended for application
to water motors, but can also be supplied to motors actuated by steam compressed air
or other fluids under pressure, and partly to pumps.

page_text: αγροτικ
Fig. 1. shows a horizontal section through my improved motor arranged as water
motor.
Fig. 2. a section at right angles to the former along line A B of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3. a sectional elevation.
Fig. 4. an arrangement of the motor for steam.
Fig. 5. a section of the valve chest for the same along line C D of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6. an arrangement for working the abutments by means of one valve.
The shaft a of the motor Fig. 1 is supported in bearings 6 of the casing b and
has a bore a¹ bored into it from one end with an opening a² at right angles to the
same, through which the water under pressure supplied through the pipe a³ passes
into the annular cylinder of the motor.
Upon the shaft a the boss c¹ of a wheel c is keyed or otherwise fixed. The rim c'
of the wheel c is connected to the boss c¹ by a perforated disc or arms c³ as shown,
one of which arms has a passage et formed in it communicating with a. To the
rim ca circular piston d is fixed by means of the lug d¹ cast with the piston body d³,
to which a cup leather d' or equivalent packing rings are attached. The piston a
moves in an annular chamber or cylinder 3 of corresponding circular section, the
casing being made in two parts divided on the centre line E F of the annular chamber
and bolted together by bolts 66 as shewn, the outline of the casing being shewn in
dotted lines on Fig. 1. A chamber is formed between the two parts of the casing
at the central part and narrowed to a circular slot at the inner circumference of the
annular cylinder, into which slot the rim centers. A packing ring e³ is applied to
one side of the rim and rotated with the same by means of pegs of fixed in c³ and
entering holes in c and pressed against the side of the circular slot by means of
elastic packing or springs inserted between rim and ring c. Other means for
making the rin watertight in the circular slot of the casing may be used.
At two diametrically opposite points of the annular chamber 6 recesses e¹ f¹ are
formed partly in the casing and partly in boxes e f into which abutment slides e
and can be pushed back to allow the passage of the piston and are after its passage
drawn forward again and divide the annular chamber. The abutment slides e and f
are connected by rods e f to pistons ef' which move in auxiliary cylinders ef
bolted to the casing of the motor, so that the outward movement of the pistons.e
draws the slides e and f forward so as to divide the annular chamber 6, as shewn for
the slide e on Figs. 1 and 3: At each abutment there is an opening ef from the
annular chamber into the auxiliary cylinders. An inclined curved to the radius of
the centre of the annular chamber and shewn in side view at the side of Fig. 3, is
formed on or attached to the body of the piston in front of the same, and a similar
but shorter incline d' is formed on or attached to the back part of the piston.
The action of the different parts of the motor is as follows: The water under
pressure from the mains flows through the pipe a³, the bore a' a' of the shaft and the
passage of the wheel into the annular chamber or cylinder 3 behind the piston d
and forces the same forward in the direction indicated by the arrow on Fig. 3, and
as the piston is fixed to the wheel c and the latter to the shaft a the shaft is rotated
thereby, the slide behind the piston, for instance e, being kept in its inward position.
As the piston approaches the other side f, the incline d' on the same acting on an
inclined face of the slide, moves the latter outwards, and the piston moves past the
same. When the piston has passed, the water under pressure behind the piston enters
the cylinder through the passage f* and forces the piston foutwards, thereby
drawing the slide finwards, and shutting off the upper part of the annular chamber
between slides e and f. The incline d serves to make this closing more gradual.
The water under pressure then enters between slide f and piston d and propels
the latter, the water enclosed between d and slide e being expelled through a port c
formed in the rim c' into the chamber of the casing, whence it is discharged through
a lateral opening 6 into a discharge pipe. The front edge of port c' passes the slide e
before the incline d' reaches it so that the slide is relieved from pressure before the

page_text: incline acts upon it. This slide is then actuated in the same manner as herein-
before described with reference to slide f.
Instead of the cylinders ef being on the opposite side to the slides ef, they may
be arranged on the same side behind them, with pistons and piston rods passing
through stuffing boxes and attached to the slides, and the water under pressure
admitted to the outer ends of the pistons through pipes connected to openings in the
annular chamber behind each of the slides.
Instead of moving the slides outwards by means of an incline attached to the piston
or equivalent means, they may be moved outwards by the water pressure, for which
purpose water from the main is alternately admitted to and discharged from the outer
ends of the auxiliary cylinders e and f. An arrangement for effecting this by means
of one valve is shewn by Fig. 6. A cylindrical valve box 9 is arranged with five
ports as shewn. The central port 1 is connected by a pipe g to the pressure
main; the two ports h¹ next to it are each connected by pipes h³ to the
auxiliary cylinders ef at their outer ends; the two outer ports 1112 are connected to
an exhaust pipe 1. There pistons m m² m² are arranged on the valve stem m³ at such
distances that two adjacent ports are between two pistons, and the valve stem is
actuated by an excentric m* on the motor shaft a. When the valve is in the position
shewn on the drawing, the ports g' and ' are in communication and water under
pressure is admitted to cylinder f³, whereby the piston f* will be forced inwards and
slide outwards. Ports and are in communication with cylinder and the
discharge pipe 13, so that the pistons et can be forced outwards by the water pressure
in the motor cylinder in the manner hereinbefore described. When the excentric has
shifted the piston valves to the left, ports and h¹ will be in communication and the
water can be discharged from f" by the piston f* being forced outwards, and ports gl
and are in communication, and water under pressure is admitted to cylinder e
whereby the piston e is forced inwards and the slide e outwards. In this way the
slides will be drawn back and pushed in alternately at an interval of half a revolution.
When the machine is used as a water inotor, the packings of the shaft a are by
preference made of cup leathers n n' (Fig. 1) and the main piston is packed by
means of a cup leather, while if it used as a steam, compressed air or other elastic gas
engine, stuffing boxes and glands are used for packing the shaft and the piston is
packed with metallic rings.
Fig. 4 shows an arrangement of the motor for steam. The shaft a, piston and
centre wheel and slides are arranged similarly as before described with reference to
Figs. 1, 2 and 3., The slides e and fare connected as before by rods fc to
pistons ef in cylinders ef, which in this case are closed at the inner end and
provided with glands for the piston rods ef. The cylinders e* f are arranged like
ordinary steam engine cylinders with steam and exhaust ports and D slide valves op
in steam chests o¹ p' to which steam is admitted through pipes o² p². The slide valves
are actuated by means of the rods o p³ and levers o* p* from a cam - fixed upon
the shaft a, so as to move the slide valves into the position shown for slide valve o'
when the main piston approaches the respective slide, and admit steam to the outer
end of the auxiliary cylinder, so as to move the auxiliary piston inwards and the
slide outwards and keep it there till the main piston has passed it. Immediately
afterwards the cam shifts the valve into the position shewn for the valve p, when
steam is admitted to the inner end of the cylinder and the auxiliary piston moved out-
wards and the slide inwards. Steam is in this case by preference not admitted
through the shaft a as in the case of the water motor, but through ports st arranged
in the side of the annular chamber. Slide valves & t¹ are arranged for these ports
and actuated by means of rods stand bellcrank levers s t from the cam fixed on
the shaft. The cam is so grooved and set as to move the valve s' into the position it
is shewn in as soon as the slide f has been drawn inwards, when steam is admitted
between this slide and the main piston. When the latter approaches the slide
the
valve s¹ closes the port s, while the port t is opened as soon as the main piston has
passed the slide e. The exhaust takes place through a port in the rim into the
chamber 6 of the casing and thence into the exhaust pipe in the same way as
e,

page_text: herein before described for the water motor. The piston is preferably packed with
metallic rings and has inclines connected to it for moving the slides in case of any
mishap to the valve gear, and thus prevent breakage.
The machine may also be used as a pump, in which case the shaft is driven by
power in the reverse direction and the slides e and fare actuated from the outside by
means of a cam and levers, acting on rods connected to the slides in a similar manner
as the valves s and t are actuated, the outlet orifices of the water motor becoming
the inlet orifices of the pump and vice versa.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
Firstly. The arrangement or construction of a rotary fluid pressure motor or
similar machine with an annular casing or cylinder of circular section and abutment
slides moved into their closing positions by the fluid pressing upon auxiliary pistons
connected to the same, and moved out of the path of the main piston by an incline
attached to same, or by fluid pressure upon the auxiliary pistons, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
Secondly. The arrangement or construction of rotary water pressure motor and
combination of parts of the same substantially as hereinbefore described with reference
to Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings.
Thirdly. The arrangement of distributing the pressure fluid for operating the
auxiliary pistons connected to the abutment slides of rotary motors by means of
one treble piston valve substantially as herein before described with reference to
Fig. 6 of the drawings.
Fourthly. The arrangement or construction of a rotary motor actuated by steam
or other elastic gas pressure and combination of parts of the same substantially as
bereinbefore described with reference to Figures 4 and 5 of the drawings.
Dated this 21st day of November 1890.
EMMOTT & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.