Improvements in the Means and Apparatus employed in connection with Steam Boiler Furnaces for Effecting the Consumption of Smoke and the Removal of Ashes from the Combustion Gases.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Aug., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 26th May, 1891-Accepted, 27th June, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means and Apparatus employed in connection
with Steam Boiler Furnaces for Effecting the Consumption of
Smoke and the Removal of Ashes from the Combustion Gases.
I, ERNEST PETERSEN, of 4 Beaumont Villas, Spring Grove, Isleworth
Middlesex Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
.
My invention has for its object to effect a more perfect combustion of smoke and
separation of ashes from the combustion gases as they pass from the furnaces of
steam boilers, more particularly marine boilers, whereby effect a more perfect
utilisation of the fuel, and of the heating surfaces, as I prevent the tubes from
becoming clogged with a deposit of ashes.
According to my invention I arrange at the back of the fire grate a number of
parallel vertical slabs by preference of fire clay with narrow spaces intervening, and
across such narrow spaces I arrange a number of flat bars one above the other and
inclined at an angle, preferably of about 35 degrees, the underside of such bars
being by preference provided with corrugations or projections.
At
As these slabs and cross bars become heated to a high degree, the smoke passing
away with the gases will also be heated to a high degree by being brought into
intimate contact therewith, and will consequently enter into combustion with the
unconsumed portion of the air supply that always passes away with the gases.
the same time the small particles of fuel and ashes that are carried along by the
draught, in coming in contact with the inclined and corrugated under surfaces of the
cross bars, are deflected downwards thereby so as to fall down into an ash pit
provided underneath such smoke consumer. In such ashpit I arrange a worm or
screw conveyor within a casing having lateral openings through which the ashes
can enter, so that on the rotation of the screw either continuously or periodically
by hand or by power, the ashes descending from the ash separator are fed forward
into the ash-pit beneath the fire grate whence they are removed in the usual
manner.
The slabs of the before described smoke consumer and ash separator may con-
veniently be constructed each with a set of the inclined cross bars projecting from
one side thereof, so that on placing them side by side the projecting ends of the
cross bars butt against the plane face of the contiguous slab.
Dated this 28th day of August 1890.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means and Apparatus employed in connection
with Steam Boiler Furnaces for Effecting the Consumption of
Smoke and the Removal of Ashes from the Combustion Gases.
I, ERNEST PETERSEN, of 4 Beaumont Villas, Spring Grove, Isleworth,
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention has for its object to effect a more perfect combustion of smoke and
separation of ashes from the combustion gases as they pass from the furnaces of
steam boilers, more particularly land boilers, whereby I effect a more perfect

page_text: utilisation of the fuel, and of the heating surfaces, as I prevent the tubes from
becoming clogged with a deposit of ashes."
According to my invention I arrange at the back of the fire grate a number of
parallel vertical slabs by preference of fire clay, with narrow spaces intervening,
and across such narrow spaces I arrange a number of flat bars one above the other
and inclined at an angle, preferably of about 33 degrees, the underside of such bars
being by preference provided with corrugations or projections.
As these slabs and cross bars become heated to a high degree, the smoke passing
away with the gases will also be heated to a high degree by being brought into
intimate contact therewith, and being at the sanie time intimately mixed with the
unconsumed portion of the air supply that always passes away with the gases they
will consequently enter into complete combustion therewith. "At the same time the
small particles of fuel and ashes that are carried along by the draught, in coming
in contact with the inclined and corrugated under surfaces of the cross bars, are
deflected downwards thereby so as to fall down into an ash pit provided underneath
such smoke consumer. In such ash pit I arrange a worm or screw conveyor within
a casing having lateral openings through which the ashes can enter, so that on the
rotation of the screw either continuously or periodically by hand or by power, the
ashes descending from the ash separator are fed forward into the ash-pit beneath
the fire grate, whence they are removed in the usual manner.
The slabs of the before described smoke consumer and ash separator may either
be constructed each with a set of the inclined cross bars projecting from one side
thereof, so that on placing them side by side the projecting ends of the cross bars
butt against the plane face of the contiguous slab or by preference they are united
together in blocks, as will be presently described.
The accompanying drawings shew my above described invention applied by way
of example to an internal flued or Cornish boiler.
Fig. 1 shews a part longitudinal section of the flue with the furnace A and the
before described appliance for effecting the combustion of smoke and separation of
the ashes arranged behind it. Fig. 2 shews a cross section. B B B are blocks of
fire clay, one of which is shewn in perspective at Fig. 3, from which it will be seen
that they consist of a number of vertical walls bb arranged side by side and
connected together by transverse bars inclined at a suitable angle such as 33°,
and formed with corrugations on the underside. These blocks are fitted together
in sets both longitudinally and transversely, as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, so as to fill
out the boiler Hue behind the fire bridge of the furnace, the outer sides of the
several blocks being made with a configuration corresponding to the curvature of
that part of the flue against which they have to fit. The transverse bars only
extend partly through the length of each block, so that in the intervals 262 between
the bars of one set of blocks and those of the next set, clear vertical passages are
formed through which dust can fall into the enclosed space C below the blocks.
From the above described arrangement it will be seen that the combustion gases
together with unconsumed gases and air passing off from the furnace will be caused
by the draught to pass through the narrow passages between the walls bb of the
blocks, which walls will become heated to a high degree, so that the unconsumed
combustible gases in being there brought into intimate contact with the unconsumed
particles of air in the presence of a high heat, will enter into combustion, thereby
effectually preventing the escape of smoke to the chimney, while at the same time
the particles of ashes and cinder that are carried along by the draught, in striking
against the projections on the undersides of the bars 6 will be thereby thrown
downward in the passages 62 and will fall into the ash pit C below. In this ash pit
is a cylindrical casing D, open on all sides so that the precipitated ashes can enter
it, and within the casing is a screw E on a shaft F, the front end of which is formed
with a square head on which can be fitted a key G by means of which it is rotated
from time to time, so as to move the collected dust forward into the fron
ash pit H.
In order to prevent the air supply from passing direct from the ash pit E

page_text: through the cylinder D and ash pit C to the chimney before the ash pit C and
cylinder have become sufficiently filled with dust to prevent this, I close the front
end of the cylinder D by a plate I, which is automatically removed by the issuing
dust when the screw is set in motion.
It will be evident that my above described invention is capable of being variously
modified according to the construction of boiler to which it is applied.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The use in combination with the furnaces of steam boilers of a filling in the
flue behind the furnace bridge consisting of vertical fire brick walls placed at small
distances apart so as to form narrow passages between them, across which are
placed horizontal bars or plates the under faces of which are inclined downward at
an angle and are formed with corrugations or projections, so that any ashes or
cinders that are carried along by the draught, in striking against the said inclined
surfaces are thrown down into the ash pit, while at the same time the intimate
admixture of the smoke and unconsumed gases with the unconsumed air at a high
temperature within the narrow passages will cause a more or less perfect combustion
of such smoke and gases to be effected, substantially as described.
2. In combination with the appliance for consuming smoke and separating ashes
from the furnace gases referred to in the preceding claim, the use of a screw blade
or worm within a casing with open sides situated beneath the said appliance, by
means of which the deposited ashes are removed from time to time, substantially as
described.
Dated this 25th day of May 1891.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.