Year: 1886

page_text: I HENRY FROST CLARK of N° 13 Liberty Street, Poughkeepsie, in the State of
New York, United States of America Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
=
Cartridges for breech loading fire-arms have been made with a metallic case or
shell having a bullet within the forward end and lubricating material within the
shell and around the point of the bullet.
My present invention relates to a cartridge wherein I make use of a bullet that
is provided with a paper patch and with the lubricating material introduced in the
shell around the point of the bullet; the special feature of these improvements
being that the end of the cartridge shell is closed in over the lubricating material
with the end of the shell against the surface of the bullet thereby confining the
lubricating material and retaining the same within the shell whether in a soft or
hard condition.
The shell is of any
The bullet is preferably surrounded with the patch of paper.
desired size, shape or length and under all circumstances it receives within it the
bullet having the patch around it, the point of the bullet projecting slightly beyond
the shell.
The space around the conical end of the bullet within the shell is filled with the
lubricating material such as an oil rendered semi-fluid by the addition of a small
quantity of paraffin or other suitable substance.
The end of the cartridge shell is now contracted or closed over the lubricating
material and the end of the shell is made to press tightly against the surface of the
bullet thereby confining the lubricating material and retaining the same within
the shell whether in a solid or liquid state.
When the cartridge is fired the end of the shell is spread, and the lubricating
material passing out with the bullet not only lubricates tho patch and causes it to
pass through the barrel with great case and accuracy; but it also lubricates the
barrel and prevents injury to the same by leading, and the patched bullet cleans
out the barrel in a perfect manner, and leaves the barrel with a thin coating of
lubricating material that prevents the residuum adhering to the metal.
The end of the cartridge shell may be closed or turned against the bullet in any
desired manner, but usually it is done by a conical die and said shell retains within

page_text: it the lubricating material regardless of the condition it may assume under the
action of heat.
One of the advantageous features of my invention is that dirt and gritty
substances which might injure and clog the fire-arm are prevented from adhering
to the lubricating grease contained in the end of the cartridge shell and the cartridge
can be kept clean.
In cases where the lubricating material has before been placed in front of the
patch and around the bullet such lubricant was not confined by the case and would
run out when in the form of an oil adapted to a cold climate or if the lubricant
became melted by heat, and where the case was closed around the ball, there was
no patch to prevent the lubricant running into the powder, especially when the case
became warın enough to melt the lubricant.
In all instances the lubricant, if too hard, is not effective in cold weather.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cartridges for Fire-arms.
I HENRY FROST CLARK of No 13 Liberty Street, Poughkeepsie in the State of
New York, United States of America Mechanical Engineer do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
Cartridges for breech loading fire-arms have been made with a metallic case or
shell having a bullet within the forward end and lubricating material within the
shell and around the point of the bullet.
My present invention relates to a cartridge wherein I make use of a bullet that
is provided with a paper patch and with the lubricating material introduced in the
shell around the point of the bullet; the special feature of this improvement being
that the end of the cartridge shell is closed in over the lubricating material with
the end of the shell against the surface of the bullet thereby contining the lubri-
cating material and retaining the same within the shell whether in a soft or hard
condition.
In the drawing I have represented my improved cartridge by a longitudinal
section.
The bullet a. is preferably surrounded with the patch b. of paper. The shell c.
is of any desired size, shape or length, and under all circumstances it receives
within it the bullet having the patch b. around it, the point of the bullet projecting
slightly beyond the end of the shell c.
The space around the conical end of the bullet within the shell is filled with
lubricating material d. such as an oil rendered semi-fluid by the addition of a small
quantity of paraffine or other suitable substance.
The end of the cartridge shell at c is now contracted or closed over the lubri-
cating material as shown in the drawing and the end of the shell is made to press
tightly against the surface of the bullet, thereby confining the lubricating material
and retaining the same within the shell whether in a solid or liquid state.
When the cartridge is fired, the end of the shell is spread and the lubricating
materil passing out with the bullet not only lubricates the patch and causes it to
pass through the barrel with great ease and accuracy, but it also lubricates the
barrel and prevents injury to the same by leading and the patched bullet cleans
out the barrel in a perfect manner and leaves the barrel with a thin coating of
lubricating material that prevents the residuum adhering to the metal.
The end of the cartridge shell may be closed or turned against the bullet in any
desired manner, but usually it is done by a conical die and said shell retains within
it the lubricating material regardless of the condition it may assume under the
action of heat.
One of the advantageous features of my invention is that dirt and gritty
substances which might injure and clog the fire-arm are prevented from adhering
to the lubricating grease contained in the end of the cartridge shell and the cartridge
can be kept clean,

page_text: In cases where the lubricating material has before been placed in front of the
patch and around the bullet, such lubricant was not confined by the case and
would run out when in the form of an oil adapted to a cold climate, or if the
lubricant became melted by heat; and where the case was closed around the ball
there was no patch to prevent the lubricant running into the powder especially
when the case became warm enough to melt the lubricant.
In all instances the lubricant, if too hard, is not effective in cold weather.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The cartridge having a patch around the bullet to fit tightly within the case
and prevent the lubricating material whether solid or liquid reaching the powder
and the end of the case closed in tightly around the bullet to confine such
lubricating material in the case and around the tapering portion of the bullet,
substantially as specified.
.T
:
A.