IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS OR MACHINES FOR CUTTING, DRILLING, SLOTTING, SLOT DRILLING, SHAPING AND PLANING METALS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Patrick Stewart and Henry Chapman, both
of the Atlas Works, in the City of Manchester, and County of Lancaster,
Engineers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS OR MACHINES FOR
CUTTING, DRILLING, SLOTTING, SLOT DRILLING, SHAPING AND PLANING METALS
AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 12th March 1867, and dated the 14th September 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Patrick Stewart
and Henry Chapman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 14th September 1866.
We, CHARLES PATRICK STEWART and HENRY CHAPMAN, both of the Atlas
Works, in the City of Manchester, and County of Lancaster, Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS OR
MACHINES POR CUTTING, DRILLING, SLOTTING, SLOT DRILLING, SHAPING AND PLANING
METALS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to a compound machine or tool for operating upon
plates or pieces of metal intended for side frames of locomotive engines and
tenders, and for other purposes, such plates or pieces of metal being secured
to a suitable table, and cut, drilled, slotted, shaped, or planed as required,
without having to be moved until the operations are finished, instead of having
to be carried about from one machine to another, and frequently adjusted
according to the ordinary practice.
Our Invention consists in an arrangement and combination of mechanism
described as follows:-The bed of the machine is somewhat similar to that

page_text: of a planing machine, the table being fixed, and upon this bed one, two, three,
or more "heads " are arranged, but as all are of similar arrangement it
will only be necessary to describe one. Each head is similar to the uprights
and cross slides of an ordinary planing machine, except that the part is cast
or secured together to form one piece, the lower parts of the uprights being
fitted to slide upon and in the lengthway of the bed. The motion for adjusting
or for sliding each head upon the bed is obtained from two screws or toothed
racks one upon each side of the bed, the screws or toothed racks are fixed,
motion being given by screw nuts or toothed wheels, having their bearings
carried in the "head," the screw nuts or toothed wheels being geared together
by two vertical shafts, and one horizontal shaft also having bearings in the
"head," and these shafts are geared by reversing and disconnecting gear with
shafts herein-after described for actuating the mechanism carried by the
head, so that each head may be quickly moved when required for adjusting,
planing, or slot drilling. Upon the cross slide of each head a slide carriage
is fitted, upon which a drill spindle and slotting ram is arranged, and they
are driven by a shaft (giving motion to all the heads), which shaft extends
from end to end of the bed, upon which it has bearings, this shaft having
a key groove along its entire length, and by means of a clutch arrange-
ment drives a wheel carried in bearings in each head, this wheel giving
motion through a vertical shaft to a horizontal shaft, both having bearings in the
"head," the latter shaft giving motion through clutch gear to the drill spindle
and the disc plate for working the slotting ram. On a wheel driving the ram
'disc plate a cam is formed, which gives reciprocating movements for self-
acting the feeding movements. Slide carriages are also arranged if required
upon the uprights of each head to carry tool boxes for planing; and slotting
or shaping rams, or drilling spindles may be also arranged upon the uprights,
and all these in their details are adjusted and self acted in the ordinary
-manner. If required, the two screws for giving motion to the "heads" upon
the bed may be geared together, and driven by arrangements producing a
forward and backward movement in the usual manner for planing purposes,
the screw nuts in this case being held from revolving. For slotting purposes
the cutting tool may be arranged to rotate upon an axis, so that the cutting
edge may be adjusted to pass round curves, or the cutting tool may be made
stationary, but of peculiar form, namely, round and dished at the end to
produce a suitable cutting edge all round.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Patrick Stewart and Henry Chapman in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 14th March 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHARLES
PATRICK STEWART and HENRY CHAPMAN, both of the Atlas Works, n the City
of Manchester, and County of Lancaster, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen, Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Charles Patrick Stewart and Henry Chapman, Her special license
that we, the said Charles Patrick Stewart and Henry Chapman, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Charles Patrick
Stewart and Henry Chapman, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TOOLS OR MACHINES FOR CUTTING, DRILLING, SLOTTING, SLOT
DRILLING, SHAPING, AND PLANING METALS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Charles Patrick Stewart and
Henry Chapman, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals (or
under the hand and seal of one of us), should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Charles Patrick Stewart and Henry
Chapman, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that
is to say)-
Our Invention relates to a compound machine or tool intended principally
for operating upon plates or pieces of metal to be used for the side frames of
locomotive engines and tenders, and for other purposes, such plates or pieces
of metal being secured to a suitable table, and cut, drilled, slotted, shaped,
or planed as required without having to be moved until the operations
are finished, instead of having to be carried about from one machine to

page_text: another, and frequently adjusted according to the ordinary practice, but our
improvements may be used for operating upon articles of wood and other
substances.
Our Invention consists in an arrangement and combination of mechanism
which is illustrated upon the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of one head of the machine, and a cross section
of the bed; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of one head and part of the bed; Fig. 8
is a plan section through the tool carriage; and Fig. 4 is a detached plan
view of the reversing gear for giving quick motion for planing and other
purposes.
The bed (a) of the machine is somewhat similar to that of a planing
machine, the table or supports (a¹) being fixed. Upon the bed (a) one, two,
three, or more "heads" are arranged, but as each head is similar to the
others it will only be necessary to describe one. Each head (b) is similar to
the uprights and cross slides of an ordinary planing machine, except that the
part forming the head is cast or secured together to form one piece, the lower
parts of which are fitted to slide upon and in the lengthway of the bed, as
shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The motion for adjusting or for sliding each head (b)
upon the bed (a) is obtained from two screws (c) or toothed racks, one of
which is fixed upon each side of the bed. The screws (c) or toothed racks
are fixed, motion being given by screw nuts (c¹) or toothed wheels, having
their bearings carried by projections from the "head" (6), the screw nuts (c¹)
or toothed wheels being geared together by two vertical shafts (ca) and one
horizontal shaft (c), also having bearings in the "head." Upon the cross
slide (b) of each head or slide carriage (d) is fitted, which carries a drill
spindle (e) and a slotting ram (f), and they are driven by a shaft (9) (giving
motion to all the heads), which shaft extends from end to end of the bed,
upon which it has bearings or supports that will descend or fall out of the way
when a "head" passes over, as is well understood. This shaft (9) is con-
stantly rotated when the machine is in use, and it has a key groove in it from
end to end, and by means of a clutch arrangement (91) (the clutch lever (9³)
having its fulcrum on the head, see Fig. 2,) drives a wheel (9³) carried in
bearings in each head, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This wheel gears with
another upon the lower end of a vertical shaft (h), at the upper end of which
is another wheel gearing with one upon a horizontal shaft (¹), having
bearings in the cross slide (b'). The last-named shaft (h') has a key groove
from end to end, and gives motion to one part of a double clutch (h2) arranged
as shown best in Fig. 3; this clutch can be brought into gear to drive either
the drill spindle (e) or the slotting ram (f), or it may be brought into a mid-

page_text: position so as not to be in gear with either. The clutch (2) drives the drill
spindle (e) by means of two pair of bevel wheels and a short shaft (e¹), and
the crank shaft of the slotting ram by means of a pinion and wheel (f³), as
shewn best in Fig. 3. The drill spindle (e) is arranged in the ordinary
manner, the vertical feed being obtained by pulleys (e) on a short shaft
carried upon the slide carriage (d), and driven from the drill spindle by wheels,
and these pulleys by a belt drive other pulleys (es) on another short shaft
having a worm that gears with a worm wheel (e*) connected with the feeding
screw (e), the vertical position of the drill spindle being also adjustable by
hand, as in ordinary drills. The drill spindle may be used for plaining wood
and other material when cutters similar to those used in wood planing
machines are applied to the end of the drill spindle. The slotting ram (f) is
actuated by an adjustable crank pin (f³) and connecting rod () in the
usual manner. Upon the wheel (f¹) for actuating the slotting ram a cam
(f) is formed (see Fig. 2) for giving reciprocating movements for self-
acting the feeding movements. This cam acts upon one end of a lever (ƒ³),
having its fulcrum upon the slide carriage (d), and the other end of this lever
is connected by a rod (f) with an arm (f"), which can slide upon a shaft
(f), having a key groove from end to end, and bearings upon the cross
slide (6). The shaft (f³) extends across the slide (6'), and at one end it has
a lever (f) with slots in its two arms for adjustable studs. One stud actuates
an ordinary feeding click arm (k¹) upon the screw (k) in the cross slide (6')
for giving movements to or adjusting the slide carriage (d); the other stud
gives movements through a rod (f*) to another ordinary feeding click arm (c³)
upon the shaft (c) connecting the two screws nuts (c¹); slide carriages (1) are
or may be placed if required upon the uprights (b) of each head to carry tool
boxes () for planing, which in their details are arranged, adjusted, and self-
acted in the ordinary manner. Quick forward and backward motion for
planing, adjusting, and other purposes is given to the heads (6) by gearing the
shafts (2) and (h) together. This is done two spur wheels (m and m¹)
which gear with each other, being mounted upon studs fixed in a handle
part (m³), which can move in an are round the shaft (c). The wheel (m)
upon the part (m³) is constantly in gear with a wheel (c) upon the shaft (c²),
and by moving the handle part (m²) one way this wheel (m) can be brought
into gear or out of gear with a wheel (h³) upon the vertical shaft (h),
and by moving the handle part the other wheel (m³) will be brought
into gear with the wheel (h³). In the first position the motion from the
wheel (h) to the wheel (c) will pass through the wheel (m) in the second
position through both the wheels (m and m¹). In the middle position of the

page_text: händle (m²) neither wheel will be in gear with the driving wheel (h). If
required the two screws (c) having bearings upon the bed may be geared
-together and arranged so that they may be rotated when required by arrange-
ments producing forward and backward movements for planing and other
purposes, the screw nuts (c) in this case being held from revolving. For
slotting purposes the cutting tool may be arranged to rotate upon an axis in a
manner well understood, so that the cutting edge may be adjusted to pass
round curves; or the cutting tool may be made stationary in this respect, but
of peculiar form, namely, round and dished to produce a suitable cutting edge
all round (see Fig. 5).
We have now particularly described the nature of our Invention, and the
manner in which the same may be carried into effect, and claim our
Invention,
Firstly, compound machines or tools consisting of one or more heads
carrying drilling and slotting. tools, or drilling, slotting, and planing tools,
arranged and combined together substantially. in the manner herein-before
described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings..
Secondly, the mode of actuating "heads" (b) so as to move them to and fro
upon a bed (a) by means of fixed screws (c) and rotating screw nuts (c¹),
toothed racks, and pinions, or other mechanism carried by and receiving
motion from the head, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated
by the Drawings.
Thirdly, the use in slotting machines of cutting tools formed substantially
as herein-before described and as shown in Fig. 5 of the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Patrick Stewart, on my on
behalf and on behalf of the said Henry Chapman, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
CHARLES P. STEWART. (L.S.)