Improvements in Type Writing Machines.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Aug., 1891-Accepted, 6th Feb.,
1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Type Writing Machines.
[Communicated from abroad by THE BOSTON TYPE WRITER COMPANY, of
186, Washington Street, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.]
.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE of the firm of Haseltine Lake & Co., Patent
Agents, 45 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Fig. 5, is a rear elevation of same.
Fig. 6, is a central cross section on line a a, Fig. 4, with swinging frame raised.
Fig. 7, is an end view on line bb, Fig. 4, showing supporting pins for letter gage
bar for actuating erasing plate, balance-spring for swinging frame, and devices for
locking the frame when closed.
Fig. 8, is a vertical section on line e c, Fig. 7, through end of front rod and
supporting frame, showing devices for holding ends of truss-rod and adjusting seat
for ball bearing.
Fig. 9, is a horizontal section on line j j, Fig. 7, showing construction of locking
device.
Fig. 10, is a top view showing inking ribbon, spools, and spool holder, together
with devices for moving type wheel and shaft and operating paper carriage.
Fig. 11, is an enlarged horizontal section showing hub and front adjustable
support for type wheel shaft.
Fig. 12, shows interior parts of Fig. 10, detached.
Fig. 13, is a vertical section on line e e, Fig. 10.
Fig. 14, is a vertical section through centre of crown gear segment, showing
centre screw, supporting washer and adjustments.
Fig. 15, is a section of adjustable centre bearing for wheel frame.
Fig. 16, is a top and side view of segment of type wheel.
Fig. 17, shows vertical sections through type-wheel rim and top, bottom, and
side views of type.
Fig. 18, is an enlarged fragment of type wheel rim with type in horizontal section
below the head.
Fig. 19, is a sectional end view of swinging frame and type wheel frame,
showing friction clamp for pawl shaft, type wheel lever, eccentric stop and con-
necting rod, escapement lever connecting rods and their support, brackets for
ribbon support, and the relative position of the latter with the anvil.
Fig. 20, is a vertical section on line kk, Fig. 19, showing construction and
arrangement of letter spacing levers as seen from rear of machine.
Fig. 21, is a front view of the ribbon, ribbon supporter and guides, spools, and
operating pawls, with sections of shaft for holding same.
Fig. 22, is a vertical section through centre of ribbon-spool on line gg, Fig. 10,
showing ribbon-guide, ribbon supporter, spool tension-spring, and groove for holding
ribbon.
Figs. 23 and 24, show devices for clamping ribbon spool holder to swinging
frame.
Fig. 25, shows connecting rod eccentric and ball stop for adjusting letter-
-8000

page_text: Figs. 26 and 27, Sheet 3, show paper carriage escapement and connecting rods
when in position for writing.
Figs. 28 and 29, are top and front side views of pawls for operating ribbon spools
and their connecting shaft, showing manner of holding same in position when out of
connection.
Fig. 30, is a cross section on line dd, Fig. 4, showing end of paper-carriage and
gearing for connecting and rotating paper-rolls, girder for holding end of actuating
spring, carriage-stop, connecting levers for paper gage, and adjustable balance-
spring for wheel frame.
Fig. 31, shows one of the adjustable springs for balancing and supporting the
type wheel frame and the centre upon which the frame swings.
Fig. 32, shows construction of lever for operating feed rolls.
Fig. 33, is a section of paper carriage, showing device for operating letter-gage.
Fig. 34, shows the end pieces of letter gage and erasing plate bar and supporting
pins.
Fig. 35, is a top view of anvil and fragment of letter gage, showing centre
mark.
Fig. 36, is a vertical section of feed rolls and paper-carriage frame, showing
their connection with the carriage, manner of attaching the driving gears, and
springs for adjusting the rolls.
Figs. 37 and 38, are top and side views of levers and their mechanism for releasing
paper carriage escapement when swinging frame is raised.
Figs. 39, 40, 41 and 42, show devices for holding and releasing letter-gage and
bar for imparting motion to erasing plate.
Fig. 43, is a top section view of paper-carriage, showing revolving anvil and its
rack connection, erasing plate spring, guide-bars, and top feed-roll with raising bar
and bell mechanism.
Fig. 44, is an inside end view of paper carriage and its attachments showing
devices for adjusting the anvil and supporting and operating the erasing plate and
feed rolls.
Fig. 45, is a partial end view of paper carriage showing bell mechanism and lever
for separating feed rolls.
Figs. 46, 47 and 48, are detailed views of the bell mechanism.
Fig. 49, is a partial view of paper-carriage, showing device for adjusting the
operation of the alarm bell to the travel of the carriage.
Fig. 50, is a view of the spool hub detached.
Fig. 51, shows upper feed roll raised.
Fig. 52, is a front view of ratchet lever stop.
Fig. 53, is a section of same on line z z, Figs. 4 and 52.
Fig. 54, is a section of paper carriage stop on line w w, Fig. 30.
My improvements, while perhaps adapted to a variety of type-writing machines,
are more especially designed to perfect the machines described in certain Letters
Patent of the United States granted to D. E. Kempster, May 18, 1886, No. 342,302:
J. H. Currier and E. I. Blount, Jan. 22, 1889, No. 396,686, and E. I. Blount,
D. E. Kempster, J. H. Currier, and B. Dore, September 3, 1889, No. 410.266.
The object of my improvements is to render the machine more nearly perfect in
its operation, less likely to get out of repair, to simplify its mechanism, and lessen
the cost of its manufacture.
My improvements consist, among other things, first, in the construction of the
type-wheel rim with reference to the easy, quick, and accurate adjustment of the
type; second, in the construction, arrangement, operation, and adjustment of
the type-wheel shaft and gear; third, in the construction, arrangement, operation
and adjustment of the centre upon which the crown segment-gear moves; fourth,
in the manner of attaching and operating the printing-lever; fifth, in the con-
struction, arrangement, and operation of the paper carriage escapement and devices
for adjusting the letter spaces; sixth, in the construction, arrangement, and
operation of the ribbon-spool holder, the ribbon-support, and the devices for

page_text: regulating and adjusting the same; seventh, in the construction, operation, and
adjustment of the anvil; eighth, in the construction and operation of the erasing
plate; ninth, in the construction, arrangement, adjustment and operation of the
feeding rolls and devices for actuating the same; tenth, in the construction,
arrangement, and operation of the letter-gage; eleventh, in the construction and
arrangement of devices for operating the alarm bell and defining the relative time
of its action.
In the drawings, 1 and 2, Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5 and 7, are vertical end frames, which
are connected and held in position by rods 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. The office of the
rods 3, 4, 5 and 6 is simply to maintain and strengthen the end frames, while the
rods 7, 8, and 9 also serve to hold, guide, and support the several working parts of
the machine. The rod 10 extends lengthwise of the machine, having its bearings
in the end frames 1 and 2 and furnishes an axis for the swinging frame. The
swinging frame is counterbalanced by springs 11 and 12, which are attached to
the bottom of the end frames and work over eccentrically-moving surfaces upon the
swinging frame, so that the power required to balance the frame will be equalized
as the frame is raised or lowered. Passing through the swinging frame and
strengthened by an under truss 20 is a rod 13, which has upon each end a ball 21,
which balls are held in place by set-screws 22, the heads of which rest upon the
end frames and support the swinging frame, Figs. 4 and 8. The seats of the set-
screws referred to are leather plugs 23 inserted in the frame and have a vertical
adjustment by a screw 24 underneath.
14 and 15, Figs. 7 and 9, are hooks pivoted to the end frames, which clasp the
rod 13 when the swinging frame is down and securely lock it in that position. A
spring actuated pin 16 in the end frame snaps into a socket in the tail of the hooks
and holds the latter in position and also in a released position without letting them
fall back out of reach.
The rods 3, 4, 5 and 6 have a central girder 17, Figs. 1, 3 and 6, which adds
stiffness to the machine frame and furnishes a foundation for the anvil, as herein-
after described. The rods 5 and 6 are also further stiffened by girders 18 and 19,
Figs. 1 and 30, equidistant from the central girder 17. These girders 18 and 19
support the wheel 20 and spring 21, which furnish the motive power to the paper
carriage through a chain or cord 22, the power of which is equalized by a cam on
the wheel 20.
A, Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 10 is the type wheel, having through the centre of its
circumference a raised or projecting rib A', Figs. 16 and 17. Around the circum-
ference and upon both sides of the rib A1 is a series of holes m m, Fig. 16, for the
reception of the type, the small letters being upon one side and the capital letters
upon the other, or a similar division of any other two sets of characters may be
made. Upon either side of the rim of the wheel A is an annular groove B, Fig. 16,
which forins an inner or sub rim C, Figs. 4, 5, 16 and 17, which furnishes a seat
upon which the bottom of the type rests when adjusted. Around the outer edge
of the rim of the type wheel and upon either side is a series of holes communi-
cating with the holes m m for the introduction of screws for holding the type,
Figs. 16, 17 and 18, such holding being principally required to prevent the type
from dropping out during the movement of the wheel. The type, as shown in
Fig. 17, are cast with a square head or flange D, upon the face of which the letter
is raised. The length of the type between its head and the opposite end is equal
to the distance between the exterior surfaces of the inner and outer rims of the
wheel, so that the force of the blow in printing will be resisted by the inner or
sub rim C, upon which the tail of the type is seated, rather than by the strength
of the type-holding screw. The holes mm are round and open into the groove B.
The diameters of the holes m m are equal to the length of one side of the type-head,
and their inner sides are in a vertical line with the side of the guiding rib A¹.
While the body of the type is formed nearly square in order to make it light,
and allow for variation, it has upon one side, as shown in Figs. 17 and 18, two
rounded corners corresponding to the circle of the hole in which it is placed The

page_text: surface of the type between the two rounded corners does not find any bearing
within the hole; but the resistance to the pressure of the holding screw is divided
between and equally borne by the rounded corners and the side of the type-head
which comes in contact with the rib A', and any tendency toward a rocking move-
ment of the type through any slight variation in the size of the holes is entirely
avoided. The rounded corners also serve as a guide in setting the type.
screw,
I have described the type as held to its bearing surfaces by the pressure of a
which I deem to be the best device for the purpose, although other devices
exerting a pressure in the same direction may be used. The rib A may be trans-
ferred to the sub rim C and the type be made to bear at the lower end instead
of the top, and the enlarged head may be dispensed with by making the hole and
type larger, although I do not deem this construction calculated to secure the best
results.
In machines of this class it is necessary that the type wheel should be capable
of a reciprocating movement in order to bring into proper vertical alignment for
operation, when required, a second or other series of characters with which the
wheel may be provided. In order to secure a satisfactory result, the type-wheel
must operate with the greatest accuracy. The wheel, when two or more rows of
type are to be used, has usually been arranged to slide upon the shaft to which
the driving power is communicated. This arrangement necessitates a clutch or
other similar connection with the type wheel or with the sleeve to which the type
wheel is attached. Such connection increases the number of joints, and conse-
quently the friction, loss of motion, and the amount of power required, all of
which tends to a corresponding irregularity of alignment and of space between the
printed letters.
In my invention the type wheel A, together with its spur gear E, Figs. 2, 3, 6
and 10, is fixed to the shaft F. The shaft F has its bearings in a hub G, Figs. 2,
3, 6 and 10, at one end and in a hollow screw or sleeve G₁ at the other, the
latter being within a hub H, Figs. 2, 3, 6, 10 and 11. Pivoted to the end of the
following step T for the shaft F, which projects beyond the hub G, is a lever I,
properly fulcrumed at J and operated by the push-rod K, Figs. 10 and 19.
The
pressure of the thumb upon the rod K moves forward the shaft F, and with it the
type wheel, bringing the second row of type into proper vertical position. With
the forward movement of the type wheel the forward end of the shaft F slides
into the hollow screw G¹, overcoming the resistance of the interior spring and
forcing back the pin L until its end reaches the bottom of the socket in the end of
the screw head M, Figs. 11 and 12. The end of the shaft F will at all times find
its step on the head of the pin L, forming for all practical purposes a continuous
shaft.
The hollow screw G¹ has a thread upon the outside about one half of its
length and is introduced into the hub H, which has a corresponding thread upon
its interior. The hollow screw G¹ is driven in until a proper adjustment of the
type-wheel is reached, when its further progress or withdrawal is prevented by the
adjustment of a set-nut N, Figs. 2, 3, 6, 10 and 11. The hole in the end of
the screw G is made of a size sufficient to properly accommodate the shaft F,
while the remainder is made large enough to receive the spiral spring and its
supporting pin L. The supporting pin L has a central opening for oil or other
lubricating material, and is provided with a supporting head at one end, against
which the spring rests, and is stopped and supported at the other by the screw-
socket head M. It will now be seen that from this construction the interior spring
and its supporting pin L may be easily removed for oiling without disturbing the
adjustment of the type wheel. While the letters of the second row are being
used the type-wheel is retained in its advanced position by the continued pressure
of the thumb upon the push-rod K. When this pressure is released, the type-
wheel is thrown back to its former position by the action of the spring within the
sleeve G, as will be readily understood. The travel of the type wheel in returning
to its former position must not only be limited, but must be capable of adjustment,

page_text: in order that a correct alignment may at all times be preserved. To control and
adjust this backward throw of the type-wheel, I attach to the under side of the
frame an eccentric button or cam O, Fig. 19, against which the lever I strikes,
and which can, by being rotated or turned upon its axis, control the extent of
the movement of the levers, and consequently that of the type wheel itself.
The width of the spur gear E, Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 6, is sufficient to permit the
type-wheel, of which it is practically a part, to move the distance required to
bring into operation the second row of type without carrying it beyond the action
of the crown segment-gear P, the teeth of the spur gear E sliding in the teeth of
the crown-gear.
The crown gear P is centered upon the type wheel frame at Q, Figs. 1, 2, 3,
6 and 14. To secure uniformity of the letter spaces, it is necessary that a close
connection should be maintained between the crown gear and spur wheel, and that
such connection should be capable of a careful and accurate adjustment, and it is
also necessary to maintain a perfect joint that shall insure ease and freedom of
movement without undue friction or loss of motion.
In my invention I make use of a bearing or washer R, having upon its under
side a hub extending into a circular recess in the type wheel frame, Fig. 14.
Upon this washer R rests the centre of the crown gear segment S', the whole
being secured together by means of a screw S, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 6 and 14, made hollow
The screw S
for lubricating purposes and closed at its top by a screw cover.
projects below the type wheel frame and has an exterior thread extending from
its point to the upper surface of the washer R. Upon the lower end of the
screw S and upon the under side of the type-wheel frame is a nut T, Figs. 2, 3, 6
and 14. Between the washer R and the crown gear bearing are grooves for the
introduction of lubricating material. Passing through the type-wheel frame from
the under side and with their points in contact with the hub of the washer R,
are three set screws ttt, Figs. 1 and 14. It will now be observed that the
bearings of the crown segment on the washer R and the head of the pivot or
screw S, upon which it turns, are sufficiently large to give steadiness of movement
with very little friction and that the joint may be easily and quickly tightened or
loosened through the set of screw S. To adjust the crown gear to its spur gear
upon the type-wheel, the nut T is loosened and such adjustment accomplished by
means of the set screws ttt, when the nut T is again tightened.
In the drawings, Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 6, U is the type-wheel lever, which swings
horizontally in either direction to move the crown gear and give a rotary move-
ment to the type-wheel, and at the same time has a vertical movement, which first
carries it into engagement with a curved rack by means of a pin or spur upon
the under side and holds the wheel firmly in place for any desired letter. A
continuation of such vertical movement of the lever U depresses the type-wheel
frame and causes the type to strike the ink ribbon and press it upon the paper
beneath. The pin or spur which engages the curved rack, as described, also
projects upward through the lever U and serves as a guide in selecting the proper
character from the letter index. It is desirable that the lever U and the crown
gear segment S should be as near as possible practically in one piece and yet
allow it the free double movement described. In order to accomplish this, I make
the lever U fast to a shaft V, Fig. 1, having its bearings upon two conical pointed
screws held firmly in place by set nuts.
The paper carriage escapements W W³, Figs. 3, 6, 25, 26 and 27, swing upon the
rod 10 and work in the horizontal rack X and alternately release and catch the
paper-carriage during its travel toward the left of the operator in the well under-
stood way. The upper ends of the escapements W W³ are connected by rods
pivoted thereto with the levers Y Y', Figs. 10, 37 and 38, which are properly
fulcrumed and are operated through suitable rods U1, U2. A pressure of the
thumb upon the rod U¹ operates the lever Y, which in turn comes in contact with
and operates the lever Y. Both levers Y and Y¹ being operated at the same time
will impart motion to the escapements and permit the paper carriage to move

page_text: one space. The rod U' is divided into two parts by an angle lever Z, one end of
which comes in contact with and is operated with each depression of the type
wheel frame, Figs. 19 and 20, thereby giving space to the letters, the rod U¹ being
operated by the thumb for the spacing between words. The movement of the
lever communicates motion to the lever Y', as before described, and operates
both escapement altogether and permit the return of the carriage at the com-
pletion of a line, a pressure is exerted upon the rod U2 which only operates the
lever Y', and through its connection the escapement W³, clearing it from the
rack X, with which it stands in contact, and leaving the paper carriage free to
be moved in either direction so long as the pressure is retained. The levers are
all thrown back to their original positions by suitable springs, and the escape-
ment W is held by a spring against the thimble U³ upon the rod 10, while the
escapement W is caused to slide by a spring at each operation of the escapement
the distance of one tooth, when it comes in contact with a collar or stop B¹,
Figs. 10 and 25, also upon the rod 10, which arrests its further progress.
In order to double the space between the letters, the stop B', Fig. 25, is set
upon the rod 10, so that the escapement W will when released, slide double the
distance. To accomplish this change of space I connect the stop B' with an
eccentric disk C, Figs. 4 and 10, upon the frame, which disk is operated by a
lever attached thereto, as will be readily understood.
When the swinging frame is raised, it is sometimes convenient to release the
paper carriage, so that it may be moved in either direction. With the swinging
frame in its elevated position, as shown in Fig. 6, the escapement W is not
thrown out, but remains engaged with the rack X. The lever Y', through which
the escapement W3 is operated, is constructed, Figs. 10, 37, and 38, with a handle
or knob D' having a flange E¹ and a tail rod F sliding within the body of the
lever. The tail rod F¹ is retained within the lever by the action of a spring
fastened to a pin or screw projecting through a slot upon the under side. By
taking hold of the knob D' and pulling it out until the pin comes in contact with
the end of the slot the flange E₁ is carried without the end of the lever Y, which
permits the lever Y¹ to be raised a sufficient distance to clear the escapement W³
from the rack and permit the sliding of the paper carriage.
H', Figs. 10 and 23, is a bar clamped at each end to lips upon the swinging frame,
the clamping devices being more particularly shown in Figs. 23 and 24. To this
bar H' and upon either side of the type wheel are pivoted the ribbon spools I¹ I²,
Figs. 21 and 22. Behind the ribbon spools and also attached to the bar H' are
hangers JJ, having pins K' K2 projecting horizontally underneath the spools.
L' is the ribbon, and L2 is the elastic ribbon support having a hole in the centre
and secured at each end to brackets M' M², which are attached by screws passing
through slots therein to the swinging frame.
N', Figs. 22 and 50, is the hub of the spool and has a longitudinal groove for
the introduction of the end of the ribbon. The end of the ribbon being intro-
duced into the groove before mentioned, it is wound upon the spool by means of a
thumb piece N2. When the greater part of the ribbon is thus wound upon one
spool, the remaining end is carried down between the pins K' K², along the ribbon
support L, and up between the corresponding pins K' K² and attached in a
similar manner to the other spool. The pins K¹ K², Fig. 7, have a slightly
different vertical position, the latter resting upon the ribbon support L³, while the
former holds the ribbon in close proximity to the ribbon support without touching
it, thus preventing undue friction upon the ribbon and fully protecting the paper
from any smudge therefrom.
The ribbon support L2 can be stretched or made taut at any time by loosening
one of the screws that hold it to the frame and again tightening it while the
support is kept under strain by the hands. When the type wheel descends, the
letter which is at the bottom of the wheel strikes the ribbon over the hole in
the ribbon support and carries it into contact with the paper, the elasticity or
spring of the ribbon support being sufficient to permit the operation. With the

page_text: machine at rest a space is preserved between the ribbon support and the anvil,
Fig. 19, which will admit numerous sheets in manifolding and permit the free
circulation of air. To rotate the spools I make a ratchet upon the edge of one
of the disks composing the spool, into which work pawls 01 02, Figs. 21, 28
and 29, which are attached to a rod P', sliding in its bearings in the swinging
frame. Only one of these pawls is in engagement with its ratchet at the same
time. With each upward movement of the type-wheel the pawl will give the
spool a slight rotation. When the ribbon is nearly unwound from one spool, the
rod P may be given a sliding motion with the fingers, which will throw out
the pawl upon the full spool and throw in the pawl upon the empty spool, thus
causing the ribbon to work in the opposite direction, as will be readily understood.
The pawls O and O2 have two stops M and connection, as shown in Figs. 28
and 29. The stop M³, I make in the form of a staple, the ends of which pass
through the rod P upon either side of the frame. This staple forms a guide for
the movement of the pawls, a guide for the movement of the shaft P¹, and creates
a friction upon the frame which holds the shaft in place.
The anvil block or support, Figs. 3, 6, 43 and 44, is composed of a vertical barrel
or hollow stud P2, the lower part of which is of an enlarged diameter and is provided
with an exterior screw thread, which engages with a screw thread in a collar Q',
located between the parts of the central crown girder of the frame. The barrel P²
may be turned in either direction for the purpose of adjustment and locked in any
desired position by means of the set nut Q. The base of the barrel P2 has also an
enlarged interior diameter for the accommodation of a screw plug supporting a
spring, upon which rests the head of a rod R', the point extending slightly above
the top of the barrel P².
R2 is a hollow sleeve having its interior divided into two parts and shuts over the
upper end of the barrel or block P2, resting upon the rod R'. Upon the lower end
of the sleeve R2 is a pinion which engages with a rack S', attached to the paper
carriage. Fitted loosely in the upper end of the sleeve R2 is the anvil S², the
centre of which is bored to receive a seat of leather or other semi-elastic substance,
which is also vertically adjustable by means of a screw T. The anvil S2 has a
beveled flange around its face for the
movement over the top thereof, which purpose of guiding the erasing plate in its
furnishes a convenient means for removing
it from the sleeve R2, in which it rests. The leather seat composing the face of
the anvil S2 furnishes a printing surface for the type. The rotation of the anvil by
the rack and pinion described tends to an even wear of the anvil face. In case,
however, such face should at any time become uneven the seat may be elevated by
the screw T and the top shaved off. With each blow of the type-wheel there will
be a slight depression of the anvil, the resistance of the spring below being to some
extent overcome. The amount of resistance is determined by the adjustment of the
screw upon which the spring is supported, and may be made greater or less, as seems
desirable.
In all type writing machines provision must be made for the correction of errors
by erasing a wrong character with knife or rubber without removing the paper
from the machine or changing its position upon the paper carriage. In order to
accomplish this, it is necessary that there should be a solid support underneath the
paper.
In my machine the paper in its passage through is supported by plates, Figs. 3,
6, 33, 43 and 44, upon each side of the feeding rolls. The plate at the rear of the
rolls is divided into two parts V and V, one of which is stationary and the other
movable, a sufficient space being left open immediately in rear of the rolls for the
passage of the anvil as the paper carriage moves from one side to the other. The
part of the rear plate, which is movable, rests for a portion of its width upon
and slides over the part V. The sliding plate V' is provided with vertical sides and
is guided by horizontal slots therein on bars through the paper carriage frame and
is held back by springs H, as will be readily understood. The vertical sides of

page_text: the plate described project above the surface at one point, such projection having an
open slot T
W is a bar running lengthwise of the machine, attached to arms W4 pivoted to
the swinging frame, so as to swing up and down. When the swinging frame is
down, the bar W' occupies a position within the walls of the slot T2, as shown in
Figs. 3, 30 and 44. The bar W' is locked in position by a spring latch W², which
is operated to release the bar through the depression of the ball lever X', Figs. 39,
40, 41 and 42. With the raising and lowering of the swinging frame there is no
operation whatever of the bar W while it remains locked. When, however, an
error occurs and an erasure becomes necessary the finger is pressed upon a ball
lever X as the swinging frame is raised, which releases the bar W' and leaves it
resting upon guide pins F4, Figs. 1, 2, 7 and 34, and within the slot T2. As the
swinging frame moves upward, the bar W' moves forward and carries with it the
plate V, which slides over and closes the anvil space. The forward movement of
the plate V being completed, the edge will be found to rest upon a rod A²,
Figs. 43 and 44, of the paper-carriage, which gives it a firm foundation. With the
plate V in this position a box cleat Vs, soldered to its under side, may be observed,
which gives the plate the desired strength and stiffness, and at the same time enables
it to be made very light. When the erasure is completed and the swinging frame
returned to its former position, the bar W¹ will be again secured automatically by
the latch W2 and the erasing plate VI returned to its former position by the action
of a spring H, Figs. 43 and 44.
B² and B³, Figs. 3, 6, 36, 43 and 44, are the feeding rolls, both of which are
drivers and rotate in the same direction toward the centre through the operation of
an intermediate gear, Figs. 2 and 30. The upper roll is placed a little back of the
other to preserve the contact of the paper with the anvil and to maintain a space
between the paper and the ink ribbon support, the respective centres of the two
rolls being indicated by dotted lines Fig. 44. These rolls by an arrangement of
suitable gears at one end operate together and also with the spacing ratchet gear C²,
Figs. 2 and 30. The roll 132, Figs. 44 and 51, has its bearings in rocking plates M³
at each end, which are pivotally secured to the sides of the frame by screws M³ at
each end, which are pivotally secured to the sides of the frame Me and are operated
by the rotation of a rod C³, Figs. 44, 49 and 51, having eccentric pins o, one edge
of which also acts as stops to hold the rod C³ and roll B in position while the paper
is being placed in the machine.
To raise the roll B2, the ball lever D², Figs. 44, 45 and 51, is raised to the positin
indicated by dotted lines, Fig. 45, which rotates the rod C³. With the rotation of
the rod C³ the eccentric pin o, which passes through it operates upon the rocking
plates M³ within a suitably formed recess therein, as shown in Fig. 51. As the
roll B2 approaches its extreme elevation the long end of the eccentric pin passes
beyond a position at right angles to its original point of contact and is stopped from
clearing itself from the recess by the other or shorter end, which acts as a stop.
When it is desired to return the roll B2 to its former position, a slight touch upon
the ball-lever D² will depress it sufficiently to allow the long arm of the eccentric
pin o to be carried beyond a right angled position in the opposite direction, when
the further return movement of the roll B will be completed through the action of
a spring G, Fig. 44, which spring is more particularly intended to create a sufficient
pressure of the rolls to move the paper.
The raising of the roll B², as described, makes a space between the rolls, which
facilitates the introduction or withdrawal of the paper without throwing the upper
roll out of gear. To obtain this space between the rolls is especially desirable in
manifolding, for the reason that any desired number of sheets up to a dozen or
fifteen may be easily introduced and successfully operated upon. Both of the rolls
being feed-rolls and operating in unison, the whole mass of sheets will be carried
along without changing their relative position to each other. The operation of the
feeding rolls is further facilitated by a knob D³, Fig. 36, attached to the end of the

page_text: axis of the roll B³, by which the rolls may at all times be worked in one direction
and in both directions by the disengagement of the pawl from the ratchet C².
The feeding rolls B2 and B3, Fig. 36 have their driving gears upon the outer ends
of the journals Y3 and Y3, Fig. 36. The opposite ends of the journals are tapering
and fit tapering holes in the ends of the feed rolls. These journals are provided
with shoulders which come in contact with the side of the bearings and limit the
extent of their introduction through the same. The rolls and the journals are held
in place by screws D' at one end, Fig. 36, and are retained in longitudinal adjust-
ment at the other by means of springs confined by screws N within a cupped
washer O* or otherwise, which enter the projecting ends of the feed roll journals
and prevent any loss of motion. The advantages of this construction reside not
only in the perfect and satisfactory adjustment of the rolls, but also in the facility
with which they may be placed in or removed from the machine without the
necessity of constructing the journal box in two parts. When it is desired to
remove the feed rolls, the screws D₁ are turned out, when the journals Y' Y³ may
be withdrawn from their bearings and the ends of the rolls released, as will be
readily understood.
The ratchet gear C³ is operated by a pawl lever E³, pivoted to the paper carriage
and held in a disengaged position by a spring E³, Figs. 2, 30 and 32.
As the lever
is pressed down the pawl engages with the ratchet gear and moves the feeding rolls
a specified distance, which makes the line space. The extent of the movement
imparted to the ratchet gear, and consequently the extent of the line space, is
determined within certain limits by a stop gage F2, Figs. 2, 4, 30, 32 and 53, which
is capable of being set and locked in different positions and regulates the length of
the stroke of the lever E². The pawl is actuated by a spring within the lever E²
and may be thrown out of all connection with the ratchet by pressing back and
throwing up a pin F³, which works in a slot, the two parts of which are at right
angles to each other. The stop gage F2 is composed of a plate or partial disk A³,
which is a part of a hollow sleeve G2, sliding upon a stud attached to the paper
carriage, Figs. 2, 3, 52, and 53. The plate A³ has upon one side several notches,
and is also provided with a series of holes and a curved slot for the reception of a
long and short stud or pin V8 and V4, respectively, which are fixed to the paper
carriage. With the parts in the position shown in Fig. 52, the lever E* will
descend but a short distance before its movement will be arrested by the upper
notch upon the plate A³, and the line space thus defined. When a greater line
space is required, the sleeve G2 pulled outward against the resistance of an
interior spring until the plate clears the short stud V, when it may be turned
toward the left and allowed to resume its former vertical position, with the short
stud V, in either of the holes, according to the amount of space desired. The
notches upon the side of the plate A³ are carried away from the vertical line of the
lever E², from the top downward as the plate is turned toward the left, so that
the stroke of the lever E², and consequently the line space, will be determined
according to the position of the plate A³. The hollow sleeve or stud G³ also serves
as a means for returning the carriage after a line has been completed. It is designed
so that the stud G' and the pawl lever E² can be grasped by the fingers at the same
time and the two operations of returning the carriage and making the line-space
made simultaneously.
In reprinting after erasure and for other purposes of adjustment of the paper and
paper carriage it is necessary that the position of the anvil underneath the paper
should be quickly and accurately determined. For this purpose I make use of the
paper gage, which is composed of a hollow bar (³, Figs. 2, 6, 7, 33, 34 and 35
attached at each end to head plates H2, which are pivoted to the swinging frame.
The plates H are connected by a cross bar H³, which stiffens them, and which
operates in connection with the latching devices I, Figs. 41 and 42, to hold the
gage in the elevated position when not required for use. The gage is held by the
latching device I' in the same manner as the bar for operating the sliding erasing
plate already described, and is likewise released by a pressure upon the ball-lever J³.
B

page_text: Upon being released the bar G³ will fall upon guide pins E4, Figs. 1, 2, 7, and 34,
in the stationary frame at each end, and its edge held in close proximity to the
paper will indicate the longitudinal line in which the centre of the anvil may be
found, its position transversely being indicated by a cut or mark upon the inclined
face of the bar, as shown in Fig. 35. The edge of the bar G³ and the cut or mark
upon its inclined surface also serve as guides in placing or replacing the paper, so
that the exact position of any letter may be previously determined both horizontally
and vertically without the use of a scale. When the use of the bar is no longer
required, it may again be locked either by raising it up with the hand or auto-
matically by lowering the swinging frame into position for printing, as shown in
Figs. 2 and 7. The horizontal parts of the spring latches W2 and 13 have their
bearings in the swinging frame. The ends of the ball levers X' and J³, with which
the latches are operated to release the bars W' and G³, are in close proximity,
which brings them both within easy access of the forefinger of the right hand as the
swinging frame is raised. The ends of the latches pass through the frame and are
secured upon the other side by round plates 1, Figs. 39, 40 and 41. These plates
are provided upon one side with an open slot, the edges of which are received
within an annular groove in the end of the latches beyond the frame, the plates
being secured to the frame by screws, the projecting ends of which stop the upward
movement of the levers, both of which are returned to their original position by
the same spring.
J, Figs. 3, 6, 43, 44, 45 and 46, is the alarm bell which hangs from a bar attached
to the paper carriage. Pivoted underneath the bar from the end of which the bell
hangs is a tongue A', working upon an adjustable spring B and in connection with
a tripping plate K³, Figs. 46 and 48. The coiled spring B' is a continuation of the
rod or bell tongue A4, and is adjusted through a screw C to regulate both the stroke
of the tongue and the operation of the tripping lever K³.
L³, Figs. 1, 43, and 49, a ball which slides upon a rod 7 of the frame, and may
be secured at any point by a thumb screw. A portion of the ball L³ is cut away,
leaving an oblique ridge or rim, against which the end of the tripping plate K³
strikes and is operated.
N³, Fig. 19, is a gage attached to the inside of the vertical frame of the paper
carriage, by which the ball L³ may be set or fixed in a position corresponding to
the travel of the paper carriage. To make lines of different lengths, the dog upon
the stop bar of the paper carriage may be adjusted so as to suit the travel of the
carriage to the width of the paper used. It is necessary that the ball L³ for
operating the alarm bell should also be capable of an easy and quick adjustment in
order that the alarm may be sounded in due season when the paper is less than full
width. The gage N³ has a pointer O³, which, when pressed down, will come in
contact with the rod 7, and indicates the place at which the ball L should be fixed.
The dog which limits the travel of the carriage is first adjusted and then the
carriage is brought in contact with it, when the position of the ball L³ may be
quickly found, as described.
The type wheel frame in printing is thrown down by the action of the hand upon
the lever U against the resistance of the adjustable balance springs P³, Figs. 30
and 31, which, when the pressure is released, throw the frame back to its original
position.
The touch of the type in printing is regulated by an adjustable stop 03, Figs. 3
and 13, extending through to the upper side of the swinging frame, which limits
the length of the stroke and the force of the blow. The stop O³ has a pin passing
loosely through it, the upper end of which is provided with a screw thread and
screws into the under side of the type wheel frame and is fastened by a lock
nut X and may be lengthened or shortened at will, and has upon the other
end a head or washer which regulates the return or upward movement of the
type wheel.
B
The stops R³ and R', Figs. 1, 4, 5 and 54, are easily and quickly adjustable to
any desired position upon the rod 9. Communicating with the hole through which

page_text: When the
the rod 9 passes is another hole at right angles thereto, which is tapped out to
receive a hollow arm or lever S³, having an exterior screw-thread at one end,
Fig. 54. Within the hollow arm S³ is a spring actuated pin having upon one end
two teeth which engage with the rack which is cut upon the underside of the rod 9.
The spring actuated pin remains in contact at all times with the rod 9.
lever S³ is thrown up, the teeth in the end of the spring pin will be carried out of
connection with the teeth upon the under side of the rod 9, when the stop may be
moved in either direction upon the rod while held in that position. When, however,
the lever S³ is again lowered, the teeth become engaged and the stop fixed. The
advantage of this stop over a set screw resides, among other things, in the facility
and accuracy with which it may be set. The teeth of the rack upon the under
side of the rod 9 are cut so as to insure a proper relative position of all the parts,
so that wherever the stop may be fixed the escapement will work freely in its own
rack without undue or unnecessary strain.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent it is declared that what is claimed is-
1. The type wheel A, having two series of holes m m and an intermediate raised
or projecting rib A¹ for holding and guiding the type in the manner and for the
purposes substantially as described.
2. The type wheel A, having a rib A', provided with an annular side
groove B and an inner or sub rim C for seating the type, as and for the purposes
specified.
3. A type made with an enlarged head D, in combination with a type wheel
having a rib A', as and for the purposes substantially as specified.
4. The combination with the type wheel having a rib A¹ and round holes mm, of
a square or nearly square type having an enlarged head D and inserted in such
round holes and held in contact with the side of said holes and the rib A¹ by means
of set screws or other pressure, the whole constructed, adjusted and operated in the
manner substantially as described.
5. A type made with an enlarged head or flange D and having two corners of its
body rounded, in combination with a type wheel, as and for the purposes substan-
tially as specified.
6. In a type writing machine, the combination of the shaft F, the sleeve G³, the
pin L, with its spring, and the screw head M, the whole constructed and arranged
substantially as described, for the purposes specified.
7. In a type writing machine, the combination of the hub H, the sleeve G¹³,
shaft F and set nut N, the whole constructed, arranged and operating substantially
as described, for the purposes specified.
8. In a type writing machine, the combination of the adjustable stop O, the
lever I, and the follower T3 for limiting the backward movement of the type wheel,
substantially as described.
9. In a type writing machine, the spur gear E, fixed to the shaft F, in com-
bination with and sliding in the crown gear P without disengagement therefrom, the
axis of the gear P being at right angles to the shaft F, as and for the purposes
specified.
10. In a type writing machine, the combination of the crown gear segment S4, the
washer R, the pivot screw S, and the wheel frame, the whole constructed and
operated substantially as described for the purposes specified.
11. In a type writing machine, the combination of the washer R, the pivot
screw S, and the adjusting screws ttt for regulating the adjustment of the spur and
crown gears, substantially as described.
12. In a type writing machine, the combination of the lever U, the shaft V,
working upon centre studs, and the segment S₁ for operating the type wheel without
loss of motion, the whole constructed substantially as described.

page_text: 13. In a type writing machine, the combination of the stop B', having a connecting
rod and spring, with an eccentric C' for changing the position of the stop B¹ upon
the rod 10, as and for the purposes specified.
14. The lever Y¹ having a spring actuated knob D¹ and flange E', whereby said
lever Y¹ may be thrown out of connection with the lever Y and the paper
carriage released when the swinging frame is raised, substantially as described.
15. In a type writing machine, the combination of the ribbon spools I¹ and I2,
the hangers J and J, the pins K' and K2, and the ribbon L', the whole constructed
and operated in the manner substantially as described.
16. In a type writing machine, the elastic longitudinally adjustable ribbon
support L, in combination with the ribbon L' for protecting the paper during the
operation of printing in the manner substantially as described.
17. In a type writing machine, the combination of the ribbon spools I¹ and 12, the
hangers J and J2 the pins K and K³, the ribbon L', and the ribbon support L², the
whole constructed and operated together substantially as described.
18. In a type writing machine, the combination of the ribbon spools I¹ and I2,
and the detachable bar H', held to the frame by clamps and set screws, the whole
constructed and arranged in the manner substantially as described for the purposes
specified.
19. In a type writing machine, a rotating anvil, in combination with and operated
by the paper carriage, whereby the anvil is rotated continuously in one direction by
the carriage in its forward movement when the type are out of contact with the
paper substantially as and for the purposes specified.
20. In a type writing machine, the combination of the barrel P2, the interior
spring seated rod R' the sleeve R2, and the anvil S2, the whole constructed in the
manner substantially as described.
21. In a type writing machine, the combination of the barrel P2, the interior
spring seated rod R', the sleeve R', and the anvil S2, the whole constructed in the
manner substantially as described.
22. In a type writing machine, the anvil S², having an interior packing of
leather or other semi-elastic substance, and an adjusting screw T" for moving the
packing relatively to the face of the anvil, as and for the purposes specified.
23. In a type writing machine, the combination with the paper carriage, of the
sliding plate V', for the purposes specified.
24. In a type writing machine, the combination of the paper carriage, the sliding
plate V', and the supporting bar A2, the whole constructed and operating in the
manner substantially as described.
25. In a type writing machine, the sliding plate V₁, provided with raised slots T²,
in combination with the bar W', released to operate the same, as and for the
purposes specified.
26. In a type writing machine, the combination with the feeding rolls B and B³,
of journals and Y³, the latter provided with a gear upon one end, fitted to the
roll shafts with a tapering connection at the other, and secured by a screw D*, as
and for the purposes specified.
27. In a type writing machine, the roll B2, rocking plates M³ at each end,
eccentric pins o, and a movable support for the pins, whereby they may be operated,
and the plates and roller moved thereby, in the manner and for the purposes
substantially as specified.
28. In a type writing machine, the combination, with the swinging frame, of a
spring actuated latch W2 having an annular groove at the end, and a slotted plate I'
the whole constructed, arranged, and operating together to hold the latch in both
directions, as described.
29. In a type writing machine, the combination of the latch W2, the plate I,
secured to the frame by a screw, and the lever X', the projecting ends of the lever
and screw forming a stop, as and for the purposes described.
30. In a type writing machine, the combination of the bell tongue A* and tripping

page_text: lever K, actuated by a common spring B, and the oblique surface stop L³, the
whole constructed and operated in the manner substantially as described, for the
purpose specified.
31. The trussed rod 13, with its ball bearings and set screws seated upon
adjustable leather or other semi-elastic plugs in the frame, as and for the purposes
specified.
32. The hooks 14 and 15, held in position by means of a friction spring pin in a
socket, in combination with the trussed rod 13, for the purpose of securing the
swinging frame, as specified.
33. In a type writing machine, the combination of the sliding rod P¹, the
pawls O' and O2 and the stop M* and Ms for operating the spools in both directions,
as described.
34. In a type writing machine, the combination with a ratchet lever E2, of an
adjustable stop F2 for defining the line-space, said stop being provided with a spring
actuated sleeve, and a stationary pin adapted to engage with the stop and retain it
in its desired positions, the whole constructed and operated in the manner substan-
tially as described.
35. In a type writing machine, the combination, with the paper carriage and
rod 7, of a gage N³ for adjusting the stop L³, substantially as described.
36. In a type writing machine, in combination with the rod 9, having a rack cut
upon its under side, a sliding stop R and a lever S³, having an interior spring
actuated pin for engaging the rack teeth, whereby the stop is thrown into and
out of engagement by a rotary movement upon the rod 9, as and for the purposes
specified.
Dated this 17th day of August 1801
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.