A NEW METHOD OF DECOMPOSING OR REMOVING ALL SORTS OF COLOURS IN LINNENS AND COTTONS, AND FOR WHITENING ALL OTHER KINDS OF LINNENS AND COTTONS IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE PAPER MANUFACTORY
Year: 1792

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, CLEMENT TAYLOR
and GEORGE TAYLOR, of Maidstone, in the County of Kent, Esquires, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-fifth day of April, in the thirty-second year of His
reign, did give unto us, the said Clement Taylor and George Taylor, His
especial licence, that we, the said Clement Taylor and George Taylor, during
the term of fourteen years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within that part of His said Majesty's Kingdom of
Great Britain called England, His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-
upon Tweed, our Invention of "A NEW METHOD OF DECOMPOSING OR REMOVING
ALL SORTS OF COLOURS IN LINNENS AND COTTONS, AND FOR WHITENING ALL OTHER
KINDS OF LINNENS AND COTTONS IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE PAPER MANUFACTORY;"
in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso, obliging us, the said
Clement Taylor and George Taylor, to cause a particular description of the
nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, to be inrolled in His
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and

page_text: immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and
by the same (relation being thereunto had) may more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Clement Taylor and George Taylor, do hereby declare that our said Invention
of a New Method of Decomposing or Removing all Sorts of Colours in
Linnens and Cottons, and for Whitening all other Kinds of Linnens and
Cottons in Different Stages of the Paper Manufactory, is described in manner
following (that is to say) :-
The ingredients used, and the mode in which the operation of bleaching of
coloured or coarse rags reduced to half stuff or pulp, is performed as follows:
Take sixteen pounds of common salt, eight pounds of manganese, and twelve
pounds of oil of vitriol; dry the salt, and pound or grind it sufficiently fine to
admit of its being sifted through the finest wire sieve, and likewise pound or
grind the manganese, and sift it in like manner; then mix and incorporate
them thoroughly together; put them, when mixed, into a retort or retorts, or
any other proper distilling vessel or vessels, add thereto the twelve pounds of
oil of vitriol, and immediately after put into these ingredients six pounds of
cold water; then place the neck of the retort or retorts into a wooden receiver
or receivers, which should contain two hundred and forty gallons, into which
must be put two hundred gallons only of water. The neck of your retort or
retorts to be placed a little above the surface of the water in your receiver or
receivers, and to be closely luted with pipe or other clay and sand, so that none
of the fumes escape. The operation of distilling having commenced, get in
your fire, and the distilling must be continued with a gentle heat until the
ingredients become hard, and evaporation ceases to appear on the helm of the
retort or retorts. If you have occasion to take the retort or retorts out of
the receiver or receivers, and any of the liquor remains therein, have a wooden
plug handy to stop the aperture out of which the retort or retorts are taken. The
quantity of each ingredient above mentioned is recommended to be divided
into four equal parts and put in four different retorts, for the sake of expédition,
the proportion of water always to be added after the other ingredients are put
in the retort or retorts. Next take two pounds of pearl ash and one pound of
lime previously slacked, or two pounds of pearl ash only; dissolve them and
strain them through a flannel bag into an engine containing an hundredweight
of coloured or coarse rags reduced to a pulp or half stuff nearly washed, put in
your wash boards, and let them go one hour in that state, then take out your
wash boards, and cleanse it of the pearl ash and lime or pearl ash only. The

page_text: quantity of pearl ash to be used must be governed by the properties of the
water at different mills. This operation is intended to extract all greasy
matter from coloured or coarse rags reduced to pulp or half stuff. Notwith-
standing the dephlogisticated marine acid will bleach this pulp or half stuff
without the assistance of pearl ash and lime or pearl ash only, yet it is found
to pay well for the additional trouble and expence by more effectually whitening
the said half stuff or pulp. Having cleansed the hundredweight of coloured
or coarse rags reduced to. a pulp, or half stuff, of the pearl ash and lime or
pearl ash only, you will put them into your bleaching machine (a particular
description of which is herein-after contained), add a proportionate quantity
of water according to the degree of moisture in your pulp or half, stuff,
to say about one hundred gallons of water in all, then empty into your
bleaching machine from out of your receiver or receivers two hundred gallons
of the liquor distilled as before mentioned, stop the bleaching machine close
and set it in motion. It will require about four hours to compleat this part
of the process, at the expiration of which time empty the afore-mentioned
pulp or half stuff out of the bleaching machine, put it into the engine, and
wash it until it loses the smell it imbibed from the operation. Thus far as it
relates to coloured and coarse rags reduced to a pulp or half stuff. The
mode of applying the aforesaid distilled liquor to all fine rags reduced to a
pulp or half stuff is simply this:Reduce one hundredweight of these rags
to a pulp or half.stuff, treat them with the pearl ash only, as before mentioned,
cleanse them of it likewise, put them into your bleaching machine with one
hundred and fifty gallons of water, including the portion the said pulp or
half stuff may contain, and add thereto one hundred and fifty gallons of the
distilled liquor as before mentioned; stop the bleaching machine close, set it in
motion. It will require about four hours to compleat this part of the process,
at the expiration of which time empty the aforesaid pulp or half stuff out of
the bleaching machine into the engine, and wash it until it loses the smell it
imbibed from the operation, and then proceed as in the usual way of manu-
facturing paper. The bleaching machine is particularly described in a Plan
thereof hereunder drawn.. A represents the bleaching machine, length eight
feet diameter at the great end, three feet four inches diameter at the little end,
two feet ten inches in the clear. B, the axis upon which it revolves. C, the
hole to let in the liquor or water occasionally. D, the hole to fill in and empty
the pulp or half stuff for bleaching, and when bleached. E, three boards the
length of the machine, two inches thick and six inches wide, to be fastened on
the inside of the machine at equal distances from each other. F, pins or

page_text: egs to be fastened into the boards E, about two inches apart, and to project
ur inches from the said boards.
In witness whereof, we, the said Clement Taylor and George Taylor, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-fourth day of August,
in the thirty-second year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George
the Third, by the grace of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland
King, Defender of the Faith, and so forth, and in the year of Our
Lord One thousand seven hundred and ninety-two.