Artificial Stone for Building Purposes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Feb., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 19th Nov., 1896-Accepted, 16th Jan., 1897
Artificial Stone for Building Purposes.
I, WILLIAM FREDERICK WILLIAMS of 32, Shaftesbury Avenue, London, W.
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of artificial stone and has for its object
to utilize a waste material by producing therewith a composition forming an
artificial stone or stone-like finish which is particularly suited for application in the
plastic state as a casing material for iron-work or which may be otherwise
employed whether in the plastic or moulded and indurated state for the structural
and decorative parts of building work.
The composition differs in ingredients according as it is intended to form the
body or the external surface of the mass, but the principal ingredients are the
same in both cases and consists of stone-waste bound together by a cement. For
the body portion the preferred composition is stone-waste (including both dust and
chippings) in the proportion of, say, from three to five parts thereof to one part of
Portland cement or other suitable cement, but these proportions may be varied
according to the strength of resistance to crushing which the material is required
to possess. For the superficial or finishing coating which is to be exposed to view
and for which a stone-like colour and surface are required, the composition would
include silver-sand or other light coloured sand in admixture with the fine stone-
dust in, say, equal parts, two to three parts of this mixture being used to one part
of cement.
In order to impart a natural stone-like appearance the surface of the material
when set should be rubbed with another piece of the same material or of natural
stone in order to loosen the superficial particles of stone-dust and by exposing the
grain of the sand give to the material a roughened surface analogous to that of
natural stone. To preserve the material from atmospheric influences I prefer to
indurate the surface by the application of a silicate hardening, and preservative
composition.
Dated this 21st day of February 1896
I, WILLIAM FREDERICK WILLIAMS of 32, Shaftesbury Avenue, London, W.
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to the manufacture of artificial stone and has for its object
to utilize a waste material by producing therewith a composition forming an

page_text: artificial stone or stone-like finish which is particularly suited for application in
the plastic state as a casing material for iron or brick work or which may be
otherwise employed whether in the plastic state or moulded into blocks and
indurated for the structural and decorative parts of building work.
The composition differs in ingredients according as it is intended to form the
body or the external surface of the mass, but the principal ingredients are the same
in both cases and consists of stone-waste bound together by cement. For the body
portion of the mass, whether intended to be applied in the plastic state as a casing
for iron or brick work or whether intended to be moulded into blocks for building
purposes, the preferred composition is stone-waste (including both dust and
chippings which result from sawing, cutting, dressing, carving, or otherwise
working building stone) in the proportion of, say, from three to five parts thereof
to one part of Portland cement or other suitable cement, silver or other sand or
grit being also added when extra strength is required. The above named pro-
portions may be varied according to the strength of resistance to crushing which
the material is required to possess. The composition is gauged with water and
applied in the plastic state as a covering for iron or brick work in the usual way
of plastering, or is moulded into building blocks in the ordinary manner.
For the superficial or finishing coating which is to be exposed to view and for
which a stone-like colour and surface are required, the stone chippings would be
omitted, the fine stone-dust only being used in admixture with silver-sand or other
light-coloured sand in, say, equal parts, two to three parts of this mixture being
used to one part of Portland cement. In order to impart a natural stone-like
appearance the surface of the mass when set should be finished by rubbing it with
another piece of the same material or of natural stone in order to loosen the
superficial particles of stone-dust and by exposing the grain of the sand give to the
material a surface analogous to the dressed surface of natural stone. To preserve
the material from atmospheric influences I prefer to indurate the surface by the
application thereto of a silicate hardening and preservative composition which is
applied to the finished coating or to the surface of the moulded block, as the case
may be.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The herein described artificial stone or composition, whether used in the plastic
state for casing iron and brick work and for other building purposes or moulded
into building blocks, the composition consisting essentially of stone-dust or waste
in admixture with Portland cement and in some cases with sand also, substantially
as specified.
Dated this 10th day of November 1806
A. M & WM. CLARK,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.