IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMPRESSING BRICKS,
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julius Frederick Moore Pollock, of Longclose
Works, Newtown, Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMPRESSING BRICKS,
m
"
Sealed the 19th April 1872, and dated the 20th October 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julius Frederick Moore
Pollock at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 20th October 1871.
I, JULIUS FREDERICK MOORE POLLOCK, of Longclose Works,
Newtown, Leeds, in the County of York, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR COMPRESSING BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for
compressing bricks, tiles, and other similar articles, and relates to a novel
combination and arrangement of mechanical parts whereby a single

page_text: crank plate or disc is caused to give all the necessary motions for lowering
the bottom plate (or plates) of a mould (or moulds) for compressing
the article to be condensed therein, and for afterwards pushing the com-
pressed article out of the mould in readiness for removal, the parts being
so made and arranged that the said crank plate or disc serves also to
support the mould table, whilst the compression is taking place within
the mould, thereby relieving the bearings from the consequent excessive
pressure they would otherwise have to bear.
The article to be compressed is placed on a plate which when the parts
of the machine are in position for starting is temporarily situated level
with the top of the mould, and by causing a fly wheel (or a suitable
handle) to rotate a sliding mould table carrying the said mould is
moved from the position in which it received the article for compression
to a position under a pressing cross head, the article being previously
allowed to fall into the mould by the releasing of the lever by which it
was sustained. The sliding motion of the table is caused by an arm
carried on the disc at the inner end of the fly-wheel shaft, at the end of
which arm is a pin or stud which takes into a slot in a rib on the under
side of the sliding table, the slot and pin bearing the same relation to
cach other as the teeth of a pinion and rack. The circumference of the
disc in the meantime is made to work at each end of its stroke in recesses
formed on the under side of the rib already mentioned.
On the face of the disc is a pin situated eccentrically, which by means
of a connecting rod actuates a lower cross head, this lower cross head
being united by means of side rods to the upper cross head, which latter
carries the top or pressing plate, but I lay no claim to novelty in respect
of this arrangement of the cross head and side rods.
"
The outer end of the pin on the disc carries a projection or tappet,.
which coming into contact with the short arm of a bell-crank lever
imparts the upward and downward motion already mentioned to the
bottom plate (on which the article to be compressed has been placed),
through the medium of a vertical sliding piece.
The sliding table works in V or other suitable guides, carried on the
main frame or casting of the machine, which is provided with standards
tied together at their lower extremities by a cross piece which has a hole

page_text: in it through which works a pin or rod, attached to the lower cross head;
and thereby acts as a guide to it; the top side of the sliding table is
made plain so that different sizes and forms of moulds may be attached
to it.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Julius Frederick Moore Pollock in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 19th April 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JULIUS
FREDERICK MOORE POLLOCK, of Longclose Works, Newtown, Leeds, in
the County of York, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Julius Frederick Moore Pollock, Her
special licence that I, the said Julius Frederick Moore Pollock, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Julius Frederick Moore Pollock, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and'
Isle of Man, an Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMPRESSING
BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Julius Frederick Mooro Pollock, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or,
one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain.
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date'
of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
accompanying Drawings and the letters and figures marked thercon :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for
compressing bricks, tiles, and other similar articles, and relates to a novel
combination and arrangement of mechanical parts whereby a single
crank plate or disc is caused to give all the necessary motions for
lowering the bottom plate (or plates) of a mould or moulds for com-
pressing the article to be condensed therein, and for afterwards pushing
the compressed article out of the mould in readiness for removal, the
parts being so made and arranged that the said crank plate or disc serves
also to support the mould table whilst the compression is taking place
within the mould, thereby relieving the bearings and slides from the
consequent excessive pressure they would otherwise have to bear.
The article to be compressed is placed on a plate which when the
parts of the machine are in position for starting is temporarily situated
level with the top of the mould, and by causing a fly wheel (or a suitable
handle) to rotate a sliding mould table carrying the said mould is
moved from the position in which it received the article for compression
to a position under a pressing cross head, the article being previously
allowed to fall into the mould by the releasing of the lover by which it
was sustained. The sliding motion of the table is caused by an arm
carried on the disc at the inner end of the fly-wheel shaft, at the end of
which arm is a pin or stud which takes into a slot in a rib on the under
side of the sliding table, the slot and pin bearing the same relation to i
each other as the teeth of a pinion and rack. The circumference of the
disc in the meantime is made to work at each end of its stroke in
recesses formed on the under side of the rib already mentioned.
On the face of the disc is a pin situated eccentrically which by means
of a connecting rod actuates a lower cross head, this lower cross head
being united by means of side rods to the upper cross head, which latter
carries the top or pressing plate, but I lay no claim to novelty in respect
of this arrangement of the cross head and side rods.
The outer end of the pin on the disc carries a projection or tappet,
which coming into contact with the short arm of a bell crank or L shaped 3
lever imparts the upward and downward motion already mentioned to

page_text: the bottom plate (on which the article to be compressed has been placed)
through the medium of a vertical sliding piece.
The sliding table works in V or other suitable guides carried on the
main frame or casting of the machine, which is provided with standards
tied together at their lower extremities by a cross piece, which has a
hole in it through which works a pin or rod attached to the lower cross
head, and thereby acts as a guide to it. The top side of the sliding
table is made plain so that different sizes and forms of moulds may be
attached to it.
Fig. 1 on Sheet 1 of the accompanying Drawings is an elevation of
my improved machine or apparatus for compressing bricks, tiles, and
other similar articles.
Fig. 2 (Sheet 2) is an elevation of the machine at right angles to the
foregoing view, and Fig. 3 is a view showing portions of the machine, some
parts thereof being shown in section and others in elevation, the section
being taken on the line A, B, in Fig. 1. The machine is illustrated with
its various parts in the positions which obtain when a brick or other article
in the mould having been compressed is about to be raised thereout by
turning the fly wheel in the direction indicated by the dotted arrows, which
operation will raise the bottom plate of the mould into a position level
with the top of the mould in readiness for the removal of the com-
pressed article, and for receiving another brick or other article to be
compressed.
a is the bottom plate upon which the article to be compressed is
placed, and is capable of vertical movement within the mould b; c is the
fly wheel; d, the sliding table carrying the mould b; e, the pressing
cross head; 7, the arm by which the sliding motion of the table dis
caused. This arm is carried on the disc h at the inner end of the fly-
wheel shaft c; g' is the pin or stud on the end of the arm 9, and takes
into the slot d³ in the rib d' on the under side of the sliding table d, the
slot and pin bearing the same relation to each other as the teeth of a
pinion and rack. d³ are the recesses formed in the under side of the rib
, to receive the circumference of the disc h at each end of its stroke;
h' is the pin situated eccentrically on the face of the disc h. This pin
by means of the connecting rod actuates the lower cross head e' which
is united by the side rod e³ to the upper cross head e carrying the top or

page_text: pressing plate e³. The outer end of the pin ' on the disc h carries the
projection or tappet ³ which on coming into contact with the short arm
of the bell-crank lever f having its axis on a pin fimparts the
upward and downward motion already mentioned to the bottom plate a
through the medium of the vertical sliding piece a'. The table d works
in the slides d', carried on the main frame or casting 1; m, m, are the
standards, and n is the cross piece serving to tie them together at their
lower extremities, and having a hole in its centre which acts as a guide
to the pine attached to the lower cross head e¹.
The modus operandi is as follows:-The plate a being at the top of
the mould b, the fly wheel with its shaft and disc are caused to rotate by
suitable handles o in the direction indicated by the arrows shown in full,
The tappet ³ thereupon by receding from the arm'f' relieves the lever
fby which its plate a is sustained, so that the said plate then falls and
lowers the article to be operated upon into the mould b. The parts are
shown in the position now arrived at in Fig. 3. The pin g¹ then enters
into the vertical slot d', and travelling upwards in it causes the sliding
table d and the mould to approach and come to the centre of the
machine, in which position it is shown in Fig. 2. In the mean-
time the top cross head c has also been gradually caused to move
downwards by the eccentric pin and connecting rod k, and now
enters the mould and gives out the full impetus of the fly wheel in
a compressive effort on the article in the mould. This compressive
effort is excrted when the eccentric pin is approaching its lower
centre, and when it is therefore in the most suitable position for giving
out the impetus of the fly whicel to the best advantage.
The article in the mould being thus pressed the fly wheel is caused to
rotate in the opposite direction, thereby consecutively raising the
pressing cross head, removing the sliding table to the point at which it
started, and lastly, by raising the plate a, expelling the compressed
article from the mould ready for removal.
It will be observed that at each end of the stroke one of the hollow
portions or recesses d³ of the rib d' of the sliding table d is caused to
rest upon the disc h, and therefore to solidly receive the pressure
without imparting the same to the bearings and sliding portions of the

page_text: A portion of the disc is cut away as shewn at ³ to allow the pro-
jecting parts of the rib d to pass over it.
The slide a being a plain table it will be evident that any description
of mould for bricks, tiles, or other similar articles may be attached to it,
and that the simplest form of mould is available, as the mould itself
carrics no working or sliding part.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect, I hereby declare that I do not claim as of my Invention
or the exclusive use of the several parts herein-before described or referred
to, except when the same are employed in and for my said Invention,
which I hereby declare to consist in the construction of machinery or
apparatus for compressing bricks, tiles, and other similar articles, in
which a single crank plate or disc is caused to give all the necessary
motions for lowering the bottom plate of a mould (or moulds), causing
the mould to slide from the outer part to the centre of the machine, and
there compressing the article to be condensed therein, for causing the
mould to return to its first position away from the pressing cross head,
and for afterwards pushing the compressed article out of the mould, the
said crank plate or disc serving also to support the sliding mould table,
whilst the compression is being given substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Julius Frederick Moore Pollock,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of April,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-two.