IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE HYDRAULIC SHEARING AND RIVETTING MACHINES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Tangye, of the Firm of Tangye Brothers and
Price, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE HYDRAULIC SHEARING AND
RIVETTING MACHINES."
Sealed the 29th December 1863, and dated the 4th November 1863.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Joseph Tangye at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and Declaration, on
the 4th November 1863, pursuant to the 9th Section of the Patent Law
Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
TANGYE, of the Firm of Tangye Brothers and Price, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PORTABLE HYDRAULIC SHEARING AND RIVETTING MACHINES," and have petitioned
Her Majesty to grant unto me, and my executors, administrators, and assigns,
Her Royal Letters Patent for the same, and have made solemn declaration
that the same is not in use by any other person or persons to the best of my
knowledge and belief.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Tangye, of Birmingham, do
hereby declare that the following Complete Specification, under my hand and
seal, fully describes and ascertains the nature of the said Invention, and in

page_text: what manner the same is to be performed, in and by the following state-
ment
My Invention consists of the improvements, herein-after described, in
portable hydraulic shearing and rivetting machines for shearing and rivetting
rails, plates, and other like work. The cylinder in which the ram works is
situated vertically, and is open at the bottom. The said cylinder is connected
with the rest or support which carries the fixed shearing or rivetting tool, by
means of a strong bracket of a nearly semicircular form. The upper or
moveable shearing or rivetting tool is fixed to the bottom of the ram, and
projects from the open bottom of the cylinder. The pump is situated vertically
or horizontally at the top of the cylinder, and is fixed in the reservoir con-
taining the water or other liquid with which the machine is worked. The
said reservoir is supported at the upper part of the cylinder. The descent of
the ram and moveable shearing and rivetting tool is effected by working the
handle of the pump. The ascent is effected in the following manner :-The
pump is so constructed that by moving its handle beyond the point to which it
is required to be moved in working the pump, the valves of the pump are
opened and the liquid may pass. from the cylinder through the pump to the
reservoir. In order to lift the ram a lever is made to work on an axis passing
through the semicircular bracket before mentioned, the end of said lever
engaging in a recess in the side of the ram or with a shoulder on said ram, so
that by depressing the lever the other extremity raises the ram; the arrange-
ment is such as not to prevent the descent of the ram.
Having explained the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to describe,
with reference to the accompanying Drawing, the manner in which the same
is to be performed, that is to say:-
Fig. I. represents a front elevation and part section of a portable shearing
machine constructed according to my Invention, and Fig. II. is a vertical
section of the same, the parts of the said machine, Figures One and Two, being
in the positions which they respectively assume when the upper shearing blade
has been raised from the lower one; Fig. III. represents a section of the said
machine, the parts being in the positions which they respectively assume when
the upper shear blade has been brought down upon the lower one; and Fig. IV.
is a plan of the said machine. The same letters of reference are used to indicate
corresponding parts in the several Figures of the Drawing.
a is the hydraulic cylinder of the machine, in which said cylinder the ram b
works, to the bottom of which ram the upper blade of shears c is secured by
the screws d, d. The ram b is made to work water-tight in the cylinder a by
means of a cupped leather packing h on its top, the said packing being

page_text: fastened in its place by the screw i and disk k. It is further rendered water-
tight by a brass lining 4 inserted in the said cylinder. The cylinder a is made
by boring out the body e, the said body e having a nearly semicircular figure
laterally, so as to form a strong curved bracket which carries the fixed or
lower shearing tool f. Between the bottom of the cylinder a and the upper
side of the tool f an opening or gap g is made to permit of the introduction of
the rails or plates to be sheared. On the top of the cylinder a the cistern or
reservoir is fixed, the said reservoir being screwed into the interior of the
said cylinder as represented. The reservoir is closed by a top or cover l².
The juncture of the reservoir with the cylinder is made water-tight by the
cupped leather packing represented similar to the packing on the top of the
ram b. An opening is bored in the axis of the lower part of the reservoir 7,
and the said opening is screwed. Into the said opening the pump m is screwed
as represented in the Drawing. The construction and action of the pump m
are as follows:-A passage is bored out in the pump m from end to end, and
in the bottom part thereof the plug n is fitted, the conical end of which plug
bears on the seat n², being kept thereon by the helical spring 3. The top of
the said plug n is provided with a cupped leather packing fixed in its place by
the hollow set screw n' to prevent the escape of water between the said plug
and the opening in the pump. In the axis of said plug n is the exit valve o,
kept to its seat by the small helical spring o. A perforated disk held against
the bottom of the pump by the helical spring o" supports the spring o³ of the
valve o; p is the plunger of the pump, the upper end of which works in the
cover of the reservoir 7. In the axis of the lower part of the said plunger p
the inlet valve q is situated, the said valve q being kept on its seat by the
helical spring 2², the upper part of which spring is fastened to the plunger by
a pin passed across it. The pump takes in water through the hole r opening
into the reservoir 1, the said hole being situated about the middle of the liquid
the machine can be worked in any position. The entrances to the exit and
inlet valves o, 9, are protected with disks of wire gauze, thus preventing injury
to the seats of the said valves by dirt. The pump is actuated by the hand
lever s on one end of the axis or shaft t.
the reservoir / has a tongue lever or cam u on which it works in an opening in
the plunger p. By the motion of the said hand lever s the plunger p is made
to rise and fall, and water is forced from the reservoir 7 through the valves q
and o into the cylinder a. The ram and shear blade c carried by it are
thereby made to descend, and the said blade shears the rail or plate situated
on the lower tool f. The descending motion of the hand lever 8 is limited by
side of the reservoir l. The plate or rail having been
the stop pin von the
The end of the said axis situated in

page_text: sheared the ram b is raised in the following manner:-The hand levers is
capable of sliding on its shaft or axis from the reservoir l, so that on descending
it shall escape the stop pin v. The hand levers having been thus moved on
its axis, the said hand lever is depressed below the stop pin v, the plunger p is
thereby made to descend, and the inlet valve q at its bottom brought into
contact with the set screw n on the top of the plug n, the said plug n is
thereby forced from its seat, and the water in the cylinder a permitted to
return through the waterway w in the side of the pump m to the reservoir l.
The pressure on the ram 6 being thus removed the said ram is raised into the
position as represented in Figure 2 by the lever x, the said lever x working
on the axis y. The said lever x is so arranged that it does not impede the
descent of the ram, but when in this last position by depressing the lever x
the ram a may be raised as represented in Figure 2; this will be easily
understood by an examination of the Drawing.
b
:
In order to regulate the length of stroke of the ram and prevent any strain
on the body of the machine after the required stroke has been obtained, I
attach to the head of the exit valve o a small metal rod 2, the said rod passing
through the axis of the screw i. The rod 2 is made into a screw, and upon
the said screwed rod the lock nuts 3 work. The said nuts 3 are so adjusted on
the rod that the distance between them and the bottom of the screw i is
equal to the length of the stroke which the ram is required to make. By this
arrangement when the ram b has given the required stroke the bottom of the
screw strikes against the nuts 3, the exit valve o is thus forced from its seat,
and the further action of the pump upon the ram is prevented.
Although I have described and represented the arrangement of pump and
parts connected therewith which I prefer to employ in my improved hydraulic
shearing machines, yet a pump differently constructed from that described and
represented may be substituted therefor with the same or nearly the same
effect, the other arrangements of parts remaining the same.
The foregoing description and accompanying Drawing relate more especially
to the shearing machine, but by my my Invention for "Improvements in
Portable Hydraulic Punching Machines," (Patent for which was granted
Fourteenth March One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three), with a slight
alteration in the tools and manner of raising the ram, the machine and manner.
of using it as a rivetting machine would be the same.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
limit myself to the precise details herein described, as the same may be varied
without departing from the nature of my Invention; but I claim as my

page_text: Invention, firstly, arranging or combining the parts of portable hydraulic
shearing and rivetting machines, essentially in the manner herein-before
described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereunto I have this day set my hand and seal, this Second
day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-three.
Witness,
CHARLES BRIdges.
JOSEPH TANGYE. (L.S.)