Improvements in Tubular Boilers for Heating Purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Nov., 1892
Complete Specification Left; 21st Aug., 1893-Accepted, 18th Nov., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tubular Boilers for Heating Purposes.
We, LYNCH WHITE, Junior, and WILLIAM YEATS BAKER, trading as The
Thames Bank Iron Company, of Upper Ground Street, Blackfriars, London, S.E.,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to tubular boilers for heating purposes, in which the heating
agent is situated externally to the tubes which contain the water to be heated, the
latter being the medium of transmission and distribution, and has for its object the
special provision of means, whereby the heated gases are so trained in their passage
from the fire, as to more readily give up their heat to the boiler, and thus improve
the efficiency of the boiler, and reduce the quantity of fuel necessary for the
distribution of a given amount of heat, compared with boilers as at present made.
Our invention consists in the arrangement of ribs upon the pipes which form the
heating surface of the boiler. These ribs are arranged along the pipes, wholly or
partly of their length, and project laterally therefrom, so that the ribs of adjacent
pipes abutting against one another form a baffle plate and prevent the gases from
passing up between the pipes, for the greater part of their length, and train the
gases so that they pass along parallel with the pipes themselves.
In an application for Letters Patent made by us under No. 9940, and dated the
26th day of May 1892, we have described a system of separate baffle plates
arranged between the layers of pipes, with spaces left at the ends alternately, so as
to train the gases in a zigzag path up through a series of tubes superposed upon
one another.
,
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By the present invention we obviate the use of these independent baffle plates,
their equivalent being formed by the lateral projecting ribs, which at the same
time provide the heat absorbing tubes with larger area of absorbing surface.
To carry out our invention we may form two ribs upon the pipes projecting
laterally therefrom, and disposed preferably diametrically opposite to one another,
and of such a width and form that, when the pipes are put up together in a number
of series or layers, these ribs abut against one another, forming a joint, and thus act
as a baffle plate to the flame and gases and prevent them passing up through the
tubes except at specific and predetermined places, or equivalently the gas may
pass out from between the tubes at their ends and be conducted between another
series of tubes.
This we effect by terminating the ribs a short distance from one end in each
horizontal series of tubes, or equivalently, the ribs may be extended the whole
length of the pipe, and an exit for the gases may be provided laterally, and thus
form a means of communication between the upper and lower sides of this said
series, through the spaces left between, or at the end, or side, of the tubes. The
adjacent series have these means of communication at opposite ends to one another,
and thus the path of the gases is backward and forwards, from end to end, in a
zig-zag path, as they traverse the passages in the boiler on their way to the chimney.
We may make the ribs abut against one another, either with joints at right
angles to them diagonally, or in any other way, as long as the joint is sufficiently
good to form the ribs into an efficient baffle plate.
It will thus be obvious that the ribs may be of a variety of forms, of greater or
less number than described, and may lie upon one another instead of abutting,
without departing from the essence of our invention. .

page_text: If necessary we may form the ribs with waterways to prevent them from burning,
and to increase the internal heating surface of the pipes.
Dated tbis 19th day of November 1892.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tubular Boilers for Heating Purposes.
We LYNCH WHITE Junior, and WILLIAM YEAts Baker, trading as The
Thames Bank Iron Company, of Upper Ground Street, Blackfriars, London S.E.
Engineers do hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
Our invention relates to tubular boilers for heating purposes in which the heating
agent is situated externally to the tubes which contain the water to be heated the
latter being the medium of transmission and distribution, and has for its object the
special provision of means whereby the heated gases are so controlled and trained
in their passage from the fire as to more readily give up their heat to the, boiler,
and thus improve the efficiency of the boiler and reduce the quantity of fuel
necessary for the distribution of a given amount of heat compared with boilers as at
present made. Our invention consists in the arrangement of ribs upon the pipes
which form the heating surface of the boiler. These ribs are arranged along the
pipe wholly or partly of their length, and project laterally therefrom so that the
ribs of adjacent pipes abutting against one another or against the next pipe form a
baffle or confining plate and prevent the gases from passing away between the
pipes for the whole or the greater part of their length and train the gases so that
they pass along parallel with the pipes themselves.
In the Specification of Letters Patent granted to us under No. 9940 and dated
the 26th day of May 1892 we have described a system of separate baffle plates
arranged between the layers of pipes, with spaces left at the ends alternately so as
to train the gases in a zig zag path up through a series of tubes superposed upon
one another.
By the present invention we obviate the use of these independent baffle plates,
their equivalent being formed by the lateral projecting ribs, similar ribs being
fitted to the fire box tubes thus confining the same with metallic walls which at the
same time provide the heat absorbing tubes with larger area of absorbing surface.
To carry out our invention we may form either one or two ribs upon the pipes
projecting laterally therefrom and where two ribs are used they are disposed
preferably opposite to one another upon the pipe.
The width and form of the rib or ribs is such, that when the pipes are put up
together in a number of series or layers these ribs abut against the adjoining pipe
or against one another forming a joint and thus act as a baffle or confining plate to
the flame and gases and prevent them passing up through and between the tubes
except at specific and predetermined places, or equivalently the gases may pass out
from between the tubes at their ends and be conducted between another series of
tubes.
This we either effect by terminating the ribs a short distance from one end
in each horizontal series of tubes or equivalently the ribs may be extended the
whole length of the pipe and an exit for the gases may be provided laterally and
thus form a means of communication between the upper and lower sides of this said
series through the spaces left between or at the end or side of the tubes.
The adjacent series have these means of communication at opposite ends to one
another and thus the path of the gases is backwards and forwards from end to end
in a zig zag path as they traverse the passages in the boiler on their way to the
chimney.

page_text: We may make the ribs abut against one another either with joints at right angles
o themselves diagonally or in any other way as long as the joint is sufficiently good
to form the ribs into an efficient baffle plate.
It will thus be obvious that the ribs may be of a variety of forms of greater or
ess number than described and may lie upon one another, instead of abutting
without departing from the essence of our invention.
If necessary we may form the ribs with waterways to prevent them from burning
and to increase the internal heating surface of the pipes.
In order that our invention may be the better understood we will now proceed to
describe it in relation to the drawings hereunto annexed reference being had to the
letters and figures marked thereon. Like letters refer to like parts in the various
figures.
Figure 1 is a sectional view of three boiler tubes provided with ribs in one way
according to our invention.
Figures 2, 3, 4 & 5 are views of tubes with the ribs arranged in modified ways.
Figure 6 shows a plan of one set or series of tubes with their ribs and the passages
left between the pipes at one end to permit the passage of the smoke and products
of combustion.
Figures 7 and 8 are a perspective view and sectional elevation respectively of a
boiler with two series of tubes superposed upon one another, the fire box tubes being
also provided with ribs to form metallic walls to the fire box and extended heating
surface to the tubes.
In Figure 1 the tubes A have two ribs B B diametrically arranged upon each,
which are adapted to abut against the ribs of the adjoining tubes to form the baffle
plate.
In Figure 2 the ribs B B are arranged at the upper part of the tubes A. instead
of upon the diameter as in Figure 1, and have a diagonally abutting joint.
In Figure 3 the ribs B B are adapted to overlap one another.
In Figure 4 only one rib B is provided on each pipe A which abuts against its
adjoining pipe on one side to make joint therewith.
In Figure 5 the ribs B B have a water-way C arranged in them to prevent them
being burnt away.
In Figure 6 we show the tubes A A A A coupled up together by the end
castings D, the ribs B B on the pipes A being stopped off a short distance from one
end to form passage ways E through which the smoke and other products of
combustion pass up between the layers of pipes.
These passage ways E are arranged alternately at either end in each consecutive
series or layer of pipes, shown in Figure 7, so that the gases pass up through the
boiler in a zig zag path.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1st. In a hot water tubular boiler the arrangement of a rib or ribs upon the water
tubes adapted to form a baffle or confining plate or plates, substantially as and for
the purposes described.
2nd. The special arrangement and construction of water tubes for hot water
boilers having a rib or ribs to form baffle plates, substantially as described and
illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, & 5 of the accompanying drawings.
3rd. The special arrangement and construction of a hot water tubular boiler,
substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 6, 7 and 8 of the accompanying
drawing.
1002
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicants.