IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS OR LANTERNS. FOR BURNING MINERAL OILS
Year: 1884

page_text: I EDWARD ALEXANDER RIPPINGILLE of The Aston Brook Lamp Works, Aston-
juxta-Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Lamp Manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS OR
LANTERNS. FOR BURNING MINERAL OILS to be as follows:-
C
The Invention has for its object novel constructions; arrangements and com-
binations of parts whereby an efficient draft is created in the body of a lamp or
lantern, within which the tank and burner are enclosed, in order to facilitate the
use of mineral oil in such description of lamp or lantern and the invention is
applicable to a variety of uses, such for instance as to the head; tail and side lamps
of a railway train, to hand lamps or lanterns, and to other lamps or lanterns in
which it is desired to burn mineral oil and at the same time prevent the accidental
extinguishing of the light by drafts entering the head of the lamp or lantern.
In carrying my invention into effect I slide or otherwise place the tank and
burner into position, in the body or case of the lamp or lantern suitable guides
being provided for the purpose of securing correct adjustment thereof in relation
to the combustion chamber hereinafter described.
Within the body or case of the lamp or lantern I fix either temporarily or per-
manently a draft creating metal chimney which at its upper end rises to the upper
part of the body or casing and there terminates at a short distance below the
head. The lower part of the said chimney is fixed to a combustion chamber
enclosing the flame which combustion chamber is provided with one or more
openings for the passage of the light in one or more directions as may be
required. One or more of these openings may be provided with cone reflectors
and with glass covers or slides or the parts may be so arranged that such opening
or openings shall closely abut against a side or sides of the case or body which side
or sides is or are formed or provided with sheet glass or with bull's eyes for the
transmission of light.
In some cases where it is desired to produce different colored lights I provide
the flame enclosing or combustion chamber or the body or case of the lamp or
lantern with guides or pockets to receive Theets or slides of different colored
glass to enable the same to be readily placed in position and shifted and cleaned
as may be required.
These sheets or slides are slidden into position sideways into their guides or
pockets and the door when closed and fastened secures such sheets or slides in

page_text: position as also the tank and thereby prevents undue rattling of the parts and
secures the proper working of the lamp or lantern.
In cases where the door is glazed or carries a bull's eye, the case or body of the
lamp or lantern or the combustion chamber is formed next the door with a guide
or pocket to receive the glass slides and the door is formed with a return piece
sufficiently deep to cover the said guide or pocket and retain the glass slide in
position when the door is fastened.
The combustion chamber is shut off from the interior of the case or body of the
lamp or lantern except at the lower part where the air entering such case or body
is compelled to rise into such combustion chamber through the cone and to pass
away therefrom through the chimney, and the parts are so constructed and fitted
that on placing the tank and parts carried thereby into position in the body or
case of the lamp or lantern the space within the combustion chamber is suffi-
ciently sealed off from the space around and below the same to ensure proper
combustion or such sealing is effected independently of the tank and parts carried
thereby, or the combustion chamber may be hinged or mounted in guides so that
it may be raised for the insertion of the tank and parts carried thereby and then
lowered into position.
I also form the combustion chamber as small as is consistent with proper com-
bustion and the free transmission of the light and so as to leave a relatively large
air space within the body of the lamp or lantern.
I also form the chimney and the head of the lamp or lantern of such different
diameters as to form a much larger space for the entrance of air into the case or
body than that occupied by the area of the chimney whereby on any strong draft
entering the head of the lamp or lantern it shall find an easy entrance to the body
or case thereof and then being conducted to the underside of the cone, it shall rise
through the same and assist in maintaining the flame in lieu of extinguishing the
same as would be the case if the proportions of the parts were different and the
said draft were thereby to find an easy entrance down the chimney.
I also further protect the top of the chimney by a cap, cover or deflector.
By using a broad wick lamps or lanterns constructed as above described can be
used also for heating and cooking purposes,

page_text: I EDWARD ALEXANDER RIPPINGILLE of "The Aston Brook Lamp Works, Aston-
juxta-Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Lamp Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS OR
LANTERNS FOR BURNING MINERAL OILS, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
The Invention has for its object novel constructions, arrangements and
combinations of parts whereby an efficient draught is created in the body of a
lamp or lantern, within which the tank and burner are enclosed, in order to
facilitate the use of mineral oil in such description of lamp or lantern and the
invention is applicable to a variety of uses, such for instance as to the head, tail
and side lamps of a railway train, to hand lamps or lanterns, and to other lamps or
lanterns in which it is desired to burn mineral oil and at the same time prevent
the accidental extinguishing of the light by draughts entering the head of the lamp
or lantern.
In carrying my invention into effect I slide or otherwise place the, tank and
burner into position in the body or case of the lamp or lantern suitable guides
being provided for the purpose of securing correct adju-tinent thereof in relation to
the combustion chamber hereinafter described. Within the body or case of the
lamp or lantern I fix either temporarily or permanently a draft creating metal
chimney which at its upper end rises to the upper part of the body or casing and
there terminates at a short distance below the lead.
The lower part of the said chimney is fixed to a combustion chamber enclosing
the flame which combustion chamber is provided with one or more openings for
the passage of the light in one or more directions as may be required. One or
more of these openings may be provided with cone reflectors and with glass covers
or slides or the parts may be so arranged that such opening or openings shall
closely abut against a side or sides of the case or body which side or sides is or are
formed or provided with sheet glass or with bull's eyes for the transmission of
light. In some cases where it is desired to produce different colored lights
I provide the flame enclosing or combustion chamber or the body or case of the
lamp or lantern with guides or pockets to receive sheets or elides of different
colored glass to enable the same to be readily placed in position and shifted and
cleaned as may be required.
These sheets or slides are slidden into position sideways into their guides or
pockets and the door when closed and fastened secures such sheets or slides in
position as also the tank and thereby prevents undue rattling of the parts and
secures the proper working of the lamp or lantern.
In cases where the door is glazed or carries a bull's eye the case or body of the
lamp or lantern or the combustion chamber is formed next the door with a guide
or pocket to receive the glass slides and the door is formed with a return piece
sufficiently deep to cover the said guide or pocket and retain the glass slide in
position when the door is fastened.
The combustion chamber is shut off from the interior of the case or body of the
lamp or lantern except at the lower part where the air entering such case or body
is compelled to rise into such combustion chamber through the cone and to pass
away therefrom through the chimney, and the parts are so constructed and fitted
that on placing the tank and parts carried thereby into position in the body or

page_text: case of the lamp or lantern the space within the combustion chamber is sufficiently
sealed off from the space around and below the same to ensure proper combustion
or such sealing is effected independently of the tank and parts carried thereby, or
the combustion chamber may be hinged or mounted in guides so that it may be
raised for the insertion of the tank and parts carried thereby and then lowered
into position.
I also form the combustion chamber as small as is consistent with proper
combustion and the free transmission of the light and so as to leave a relatively
large air space within the body of the lamp or lantern. I also form the chimney
and the head of the lamp or lantern of such different diameters as to form a much
larger space for the entrance of air into and its exit from the case or body than
that occupied by the area of the chimney whereby on any strong draft entering the
head of the lamp or lantern it sball find an easy entrance to the body or case
thereof and then being conducted to the underside of the cone it shall rise through
the same and assist in maintaining the flame in lieu of extinguishing the same as
would be the case if the proportions of the parts were different and the said draft
were thereby to find an easy entrance down the chimney.
I also further protect the top of the chimney by a cap, cover or deflector.
By using a broad wick lamps or lanterns constructed as above described can be
used also for heating and cooking purposes.
And in order that my said Invention may be more clearly understood and
readily carried into effect I will proceed aided by the accompanying drawings
more fully to describe the same.
Figures 3 and 4 are similar views of another form of hand lamp. Figure 5 is a
vertical section of parts of a hand lamp showing a slight modification Figures 6
and 7 are two vertical sections drawn at right angles to each other of a railway
head lamp.
Figures 8, 9 and 10 are respectively a front interior view, a vertical section and
a horizontal section of a tail lamp. Figures 11 and 12 are a vertical and a
horizontal section of an outside fixed lamp. . Figures 13 and 14 are horizontal
sections of two different forms of railway head lamps and Figures 15, 16, 17, 18,
19, 20 and 21 are horizontal sections of various forms of lamps constructed
according to my invention.
In all the Figures like parts are marked with similar letters of reference. a is
the body or case of the lamp or lantern, b is the combustion chamber, c is the tank,
c' the burner, d the cone, e a draft creating metal chimney and f the head.
In carrying my invention into effect I slide or otherwise place the tank c and
burner c¹ into position in the bottom of the body or case a of the lamp or lantern,
suitable guides being provided for the purpose of securing the correct adjustment
thereof in relation to the combustion chamber b.
In the arrangements shown at Figures 1 to 10 these guides consist of clips or
guides a fixed to the bottom of the case or body a the tank c being provided on
its sides with flanges c³ fitting within such clips or guides a¹.
In the arrangements represented at Figures 1 to 4 the cone d is carried by a
fixed cone plate d¹ forming the bottom of the combustion chamber b and in order
to facilitate the entrance of the tank c and burner c¹ the said plate d¹ has a raised
portion d' extending from the cone d to the outer edge thereof, thereby permitting
the burner readily to pass under such raised portion d² to its position under the
cone d. In the arrangement represented at Figure 5 the cone plate d¹ whilst
forming the bottom of the combustion chamber bis hinged thereto and rests upon
a suitable support 6' whereby I am enabled to dispense with the raised portion d²

page_text: any Break and burner c into and out or position by simply
raising the cone plate d¹.
In the arrangement represented at Figures 6 and 7 the cone plate whilst
forming the bottom of the combustion chamber bis hinged to the tank c and is
moved into and out of the lamp or lantern therewith. In this case an opening 68
is made in one side of the combustion chamber 6 to permit of the free passage of
the cone d and burner c¹ into and out of the combustion chamber b, a covering
plate d³ fixed to the cone plate & being employed to seal the opening 63 when in
position for use.
In the arrangement shown at Figures 8, 9, and 10, the cone plate d¹ also forms
the bottom of the combustion chamber b and it is hinged to the tank c whilst it is
formed to slide into position from the front of the lantern and is shaped to fit
between the sides and back of the combustion chamber b so as to form a close
bottom thereto. In this arrangement it is necessary to remove the glazed front b³
of the combustion chamber b to permit of the removal of the tank c and parts
carried thereby from the lamp or lantern and after re-insertion of the same, the
said glazed front 6 must be replaced in order to complete the formation of the
combustion chamber b.
In the arrangement shown at Figures 11 and 12 the cone plate d¹ is also hinged
to the tank c and is moved with the latter into and out of the lamp or lantern, in
this case such parts may be introduced into and removed from the lamp or lantern
in the direction of the arrow (1) through a suitable door, in which case a glazed
sliding back b may be employed to permit of the introduction of the cone d and
burner c into and its removal from the combustion chamber 6 such glazed back b*
being employed to complete the formation of such combustion chamber b, or the
tank may be slidden into and out of position through a suitable door in the
direction of the arrow (2) in which case the glazed back b may be a fixture and
any of the arrangements herein shown and described for permitting the intro-
duction of the tank c and parts carried thereby and for sealing the parts may be
employed.
I would here remark that other methods of introducing and removing the
tank and parts carried thereby of guiding the same into position and of sealing the
parts may be employed in combination with the various descriptions of lamps or
lanterns herein shown and described without departing from the nature of my
Invention.
In the arrangements shown at Figures 1 to 7 and 11 and 12 the combustion
chamber b is provided with glazed front b and back 64 whilst in the arrangement
shown at Figures 8, 9 and 10 the combustion chamber b has a glazed front b³ and
a glazed opening 6 in one side thereof. In some cases the glazed fronts ³ and
backs are removably held in suitable pockets as shown to facilitate the use of
different colored glass as may be required in addition to the use hereinbefore
described.
In the arrangement shown at Figures 6 and 7 cone reflectors 6° are employed and
a bull's eye a' is employed at the front and a sheet of glass b at the back whilst in
the arrangement shown at Figures 8, 9 and 10 a bull's eye a³ without cone reflectors
is used.
I would here remark that the lamp or lantern may be arranged to direct the
light in one or more directions whilst sheets of various colored glass may be placed
in the pockets or sides of the lamp or lantern to enable different colored lights to
be shown.
These sheets or slides 63 64 are, as shown in some of the figures of the drawings,
slidden into position sideways into their guides or pockets and the door a³ when
closed and fastened secures such sheets or slides in position as also the tank o and
thereby prevents undue rattling of the parts and secures the proper working of the
lamp or lantern.
In the cases shown at Figures 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 where the door a³ is glazed or
carries a bull's eye, the case or body a of the lamp or lantern, or the combustion

page_text: chamber b is formed next the door with a guide or pocket to receive the glass
slides and the door a' is formed with a return piece a* as shown at Figure 10
sufficiently deep to cover the said guide or pocket and retain the glass slide in
position when the door a³ is fastened.
The combustion chamber b is shut off from the interior of the case or body a of
the lamp or lantern except at the lower part where the air entering such case or
body a is compelled to rise into such combustion chamber b through the cone d and
to pass away therefrom through the chimney e and the parts are so constructed and
fitted that on placing the tank c and parts carried thereby into position in the body
or case a of the lamp or lantern, the space within the combustion chamber b is
sufficiently sealed off from the space around and below the same to ensure proper
combustion as shown and described with respect to Figures 6, 7, 89, 10 and 11 or
such sealing is effected independently of the tank and parts carried thereby as
shown and described with respect to Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in which the cone
plate is either fixed or hinged to the bottom of the combustion chamber b or the
combustion chamber 6 may be hinged or mounted in guides so that it may be
raised for the insertion of the tank and parts carried thereby and then lowered
into position. I have not shown these last described arrangements in the drawings
as such, aided by the above description will be readily understood by a competent
mechanic.
I also form the combustion chamber b as small as is consistent with proper com-
bustion and the free transmission of the light and so as to leave a relatively large
air space within the body a of the lamp or lantern.
I also form the chimney e and the head f as shown in the drawings of such
different diameters as to form a much larger space for the entrance of air into the
case or body a than that occupied by the area of the chimney e whereby on any
strong draft entering the head fit shall find an easy entrance to the body or case a
and then being conducted to the underside of the cone d it shall rise through the
same and assist in maintaining the flame in lieu of extinguishing the same as would
be the case if the proportions of the parts were different and the said draft were
thereby to find an easy entrance down the chimney e.
I also further protect the top of the chimney e by a cap cover or deflector e' as
shown. Figures 13 to 21 represent horizontal sections of a number of lamps or
lanterns with various forms of bodies or cases a and combustion chambers b.
In these cases any of the arrangements herein shown and described for intro-
ducing the tank and parts carried thereby for sealing and securing the parts and
for showing plain or colored light in various directions may be employed.
By using a broad wick, lamps or lanterns constructed as above described can be
used also for heating and cooking purposes in which latter case it will only be
necessary to form the top with a suitable seat for culinary ustensils.
I would here remark that I do not claim the use of a metal chimney in the
interior of a lamp or lantern, nor do I claim such chimney when rising into a head
of much larger diameter than itself separately considered.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The construction of lamps or lanterns for burning mineral oils with a body or
case a, combustion chamber b internal draft creating metal chimney e and head f
substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
•
2. The construction of lamps or lanterns for burning mineral oils with a body or
case a within which is rigidly or removeably fixed a combustion chamber 6 which
is sealed off from the interior of the case or body a so as to cause the air entering
the latter to obtain access to the former only by passing upwards through the
cone d whilst it passes away through a draft creating metal chimney e and thence
through the head f of the lamp or lantern substantially as herein shown and
described and for the purpose stated.

page_text: 3. The combination of case or body a combustion chamber b tank c, burner c¹,
cone & cone plate d, metal chimney e and head ƒ all arranged and operating in
manner substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
4. The combination of case or body a combustion chamber b tank o burner c¹
cone d cone plate d¹ chimney e deflector e¹ head of guides or pockets to receive
sheets of different colored glass and door a³ with return piece a all arranged
substantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.