IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND PRESERVATION OF TEXTILE MATERIALS AND FABRICS, WOOD, LIGNEOUS SUBSTAnces, and Paper, and in THE DRESSING OR PRODUCT EMPLOYED THEREFOR."
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Henry Johnson, of 47, Lincoln's Inn
Fields, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND PRESERVATION OF TEXTILE
MATERIALS AND FABRICS, WOOD, LIGNEOUS SUBSTAnces, and Paper, and in
THE DRESSING OR PRODUCT EMPLOYED THEREFOR."-A communication
from abroad by La Société Cambon et Compagnie, of Paris, in
the Republic of France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Henry Johnson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 1st January 1874.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND PRESERVATION OF
TEXTILE MATERIALS AND FABRICS, WOOD, LIGNEOUS SUBSTANCES, AND PAPER, AND
IN THE DRESSING OR PRODUCT EMPLOYED THEREFOB," a communication to me

page_text: from abroad by La Société Cambon et Compagnie, of Paris, in the
Republic of France, to be as follows:-
:-
This Invention has for its object a new product intended for the
dressing, preservation, and rendering impermeable of textile materials,
either in the raw or manufactured state, wood, ligneous products, and
the various kinds of paper.
"
In order to obtain this preparation (which it is proposed to designate
Guignet's dressing") a metallic soap insoluble in water but sufficiently
soluble in hydrocarbons or other volatile liquids is first produced by
double decomposition by the aid of a solution of a metallic salt, such
for example, as sulphate of alumina, of iron, or of copper, and of a
soluble soap such, for example, as Marseilles soap or resinous soaps.
These substances are mixed together by powerful stirring or agitation,
either in a cold or warm condition. When treated warm the insoluble
soap in the water generally melts and comes to the surface and may be
readily skimmed off; but when the operation is performed in the cold
condition the separation is obtained by simple filtration. The soap which
is insoluble in water is dissolved for use in a light oil of tar, petroleum,
or other volatile hydrocarbons in essences, sulphuret of carbon, or any
other solvent which does not leave any residuum by evaporation. In
employing this preparation it is frequently desirable to heat it slightly
in order to render it perfectly fluid.
The threads, ropes, fabrics, or other materials which it is required to
treat are first well dried and then immersed therein, or the preparation
may be applied in any other suitable manner.
The solvent evaporates by exposure to the open air, leaving the
material under treatment coated and thoroughly permeated with the
insoluble metallic soap, or the evaporation may be effected in distillatory
apparatus so as to recover the solvent for reutilization. Any other sub-
stances may be added to the solvent employed in order to modify the
color and properties of the preparation. The insoluble soaps may also be
dissolved in small quantities in drying oils, and thus serve for the
preparation of a paint or coating possessing valuable preservative
properties.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Henry Johnson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 30th June 1874.
'
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, send greeting.
'
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of January, in the year.
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in
the 37th year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said John Henry Johnson, Her
special license that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Henry
Johnson, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
'IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT AND PRESERVATION OF TEXTILE MATERIALS
AND FABRICS, WOOD, LIGNEOUS SUBSTANCES, AND PAPER, AND IN THE DRESSING OR
PRODUCT EMPLOYED THEREFOR," a communication to me from abroad by La
Société Cambon et Compagnie, of Paris, in the Republic of France,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Henry
Johnson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent:
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Henry Johnson, my do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, that is to say :-
The said Invention has for its object a new product intended for the
dressing, preservation, and rendering impermeable of textile materials,
both vegetable and animal, and either in the raw or manufactured state,
wood, ligneous products, and the various kinds of paper,

page_text: <<
In order to obtain this preparation (which it is proposed to designate
Guignet's dressing ") a metallic soap insoluble in water but sufficiently
soluble in hydrocarbons or other volatile liquids is first produced by
double decomposition by the aid of a solution of a metallic salt, such
for example, as sulphate of alumina, of iron, or of copper, and of a
soluble soap such, for example, as Marseilles soap or resinous soaps.
The substances are mixed together by powerful stirring or agitation,
either in a cold or warm condition. When treated warm the soap which
is insoluble in water generally melts and comes to the surface of the bath
and may be readily skimmed off; but when the operation is performed
in the cold condition the separation is effected by simple filtration. The
soap which is insoluble in water is dissolved in a light oil of tar, petro-
leum, or other volatile hydrocarbons or essences, sulphuret of carbon, or
any other solvent which does not leave any residuum by evaporation
may be employed. In employing this "dressing" it is frequently desirable
to heat it slightly in order to render it perfectly fluid.
The threads, ropes, fabrics, or other materials which it is required to
treat are first well dried and then immersed in the fluid, or in lieu of
immersing them therein, the dressing may be applied in any other
suitable manner.
The solvent evaporates by exposure to the open air, leaving the
material under treatment coated and thoroughly permeated with the
insoluble metallic soap, or the evaporation may be effected in distillatory
apparatus so as to admit of the solvent being recovered for reutilization.
Copper soap imparts to the preserved articles or materials a most a
beautiful green tint, and at the same protects them against the attacks
of insects and prevents them from becoming musty. The following soaps
may also be employed, videlicit :-Iron soap which imparts a Nankin or
yellow color, or aluminous soap which is perfectly colorless, or any other
metallic soap or resinate which is insoluble in water but sufficiently
soluble in the solvents herein-before mentioned, this twofold condition
characterizing the whole of the products which are susceptible of being
used as a basis for the "dressing" which constitutes this Invention.
The color and accessory properties of this "dressing" may also be modified
at will by the addition of any suitable substances, whether soluble or 3
insoluble in the solvent employed, such for example, as coloring matters,
resins, bitumen, and the like, or by the admixture of two or more
metallic soaps.

page_text: These soaps which are insoluble in water may be dissolved in small
quantities in drying oils and thus serve for the preparation of a paint
or coating possessing valuable preservative properties. The "dressing"
obtained by dissolving these soaps in volatile liquids possesses also the
great advantage of being capable of permeating fabrics of the closest
texture, and ropes and ligneous products of the coarsest description.
Any known means may be employed for effecting the heating, mixing,
and stirring, and performing the various operations required in the
manufacture of this "dressing."
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the
said Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used or
carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original and therefore claim as the Invention secured to
me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First. Treating textile materials and fabrics, wood, ligneous sub-
stances, and paper, by coating or impregnating the same, after they have
been thoroughly dried, with a preparation or "dressing" obtained 'by
the solution of a metallic soap which is insoluble in water but suffi-
ciently soluble in hydrocarbons or other volatile liquids or their
equivalent free from residuum, substantially as and for the purposes
herein-before described.
Secondly. The production of the preparation or "dressing" by first
forming a metallic soap by double decomposition, and then dissolving
such metallic soap in a suitable solvent, substantially as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Henry Johnson, have to this
my Specification set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of