AN IMPROVED MILL FOR GRINDING
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Frederick Stansbury, of the firm of Nourse
& Co., American and General Patent Agents, of No. 67, Gracechurch
Street, London, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED MILL FOR GRINDING."-
A communication from Amory Felton, of Troy, in the State of New
York and United States of America.
Sealed the 22nd February 1856, and dated the 25th August 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Frederick Stans-
bury at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 25th August 1855.
CHARLES FREDERICK STANSBURY," of the firm of Nourse & Co., American
& General Patent Agents, of No. 67, Gracechurch St., London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MILL FOR GRINDING,"
a communication from Amory Felton, of Troy, in the State of New York &
United States of America, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a new arrangement of mechanical means for the
purpose of producing an improved mill for grinding corn and other substances,
and its peculiarity lies in the employment of a horizontal corrugated cylinder
in combination with a concave & cap, said cylinder, concave, & cap being
provided with corresponding flanches spirally arranged. The mill is kept
from clogging by the action of vibrating fingers, attached to a reciprocating
bar or rod, & operating between the cylinder and cap. The distance between

page_text: the grinding surfaces of the cylinder and concave is regulated by an adjust-
ing screw in a well-known mode. The cylinder and concave are also pro-
vided at one end with crushing teeth, to be employed before the grinding
commences upon substances which require to be partly broken down before
they are in a fit state for grinding. The mill is fed in the usual way, and the
parts are driven by well-known mechanical means, the details of their opera-
tion being reserved for my final Specification, and the Drawings with which it
will be accompanied.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Frederick Stansbury in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 22nd February 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
FREDERICK STANSBURY, of the firm of Nourse & Co., American & General
Patent Agents, of No. 67, Gracechurch Street, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Charles Frederick Stansbury, Her special licence that I, the said
Charles Frederick Stansbury, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as J, the said Charles Frederick Stansbury, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED MILL FOR GRINDING," a communi-
cation from Amory Felton, of Troy, in the State of New York and United
States of America, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles
Frederick Stansbury, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Frederick Stansbury, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is

page_text: to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, in
which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of my improved mill, the
cylinder not being bisected. The plane of section is through the centre.
Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of the mill, the hopper and shoe not.
being bisected, and the crusher not being shewn.
.
Fig. 3 is a detached plan or top view of the concave.
Fig. 4 is an internal view of the cap which covers the cylinder, said cap
being inverted.
Fig. 5 is an end view of the crusher. Similar letters of reference indicate
corresponding parts in the several Figures.
This Invention consists in a new arrangement of mechanical means for
the purpose of producing an improved mill for grinding corn and other sub-
stances, and its peculiarity lies in the employment of a horizontal corrugated
cylinder in combination with a concave and cap; said cylinder, concave, & cap
being provided with corresponding flanches spirally arranged.
A, Figs. 1 & 2, represents a box or frame, upon the upper part of which
the axis a of the cylinder B has its bearings, a portion of the cylinder about
one half being within the box or frame. The periphery of the cylinder B is
corrugated, except at one end, which is provided with teeth t, as shewn in
Fig. 1: The form of the corrugations is shewn in Fig. 2. The cylinder may
be made of iron, stone, or any other material or materials combined, that may
be suitable for the purpose. Underneath the cylinder Bis a concave C, which.
is semicircular, as shewn in Fig. 2, and constructed of the same material as.
the cylinder. The concave is corrugated on about two-thirds of its surface,
the corrugations being precisely similar to those on the cylinder. One end
of the concave is also provided with teeth t, similar to those on the cylinder.
The ends of the concave are fitted into recesses at the inner sides of the box
or frame, and rest at each end on a lever D, which is secured to the inner
sides of the box or frame. To this lever is attached a rod E, Fig. 2, which.
has a screw thread cut on its upper end, on which a nut F is fitted. The
upper end of the rod E passes through a spring G, the nut F being on the
upper side of the spring, as shewn in Fig. 2. H is a cap, which is fitted over
the top of the cylinder B, one side of which cap is curved, and corresponds to
a portion of the periphery of the cylinder, see Fig. 2. At one end of the
cap there are two openings 6 & 1. The under surface of the cap is provided
with spiral flanches c, see Fig. 4, and the portion of the concave C which is
not corrugated or provided with teeth is also provided with spiral flanches c,
see Fig. 3, which, when the cap is placed over the cylinder, coincide with

page_text: the flanches of the cap, see red dotted lines, Fig. 1. I is a rod which passes
longitudinally through the cap H at one side, see Figs. 1, 2, & 4. One end of
this rod is bent, and fits in an irregular groove d, cut. in the. periphery of a
pulley J, which is hung at one end of the axis a of the cylinder B: The.
opposite end of the rod I is bent upwards, and passes through a slotted plate
K, attached to the end of a shoe L, which is underneath a hopper. M, said
hopper being supported by a frame N on the upper part of a box or frame A,
see Figs. 1 & 2. To the rod I is attached à series of fingers e, see Figs: 1, 2,
& 4, the fingers being shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 1.
The grain to be ground is placed in the hopper M, and the cylinder B
being made to rotate, the grain passes from the shoe L, and through the
opening b, and then between the cylinder and concave, the shake motion being
given to the shoe by the reciprocating motion of the rod I, which is produced
by the irregular groove d in the pulley J. The grinding surface of the
concave C, it will be seen (Fig. 2), extends around about one-third only of
the periphery of the cylinder, and the grain is admitted between the cylinder"
and concave at one end. The grain, as it passes between the grinding surfaces
and over the cylinder, is carried along to the opposite or discharge end of the
concave by the spiral flanches c, the flanches being so arranged as to cause
the grain to pass over the cylinder and between the grinding surfaces several
times before reaching the discharge end, and so that the grain cannot pass
twice between the same portions of the grinding surfaces, thus leaving the
passage clear for that which follows, by which means the mill may be fed
very fast without clogging. The cylinder & concave are made of sufficient
length to expose the grain to an adequate grinding operation. The ground
grain is discharged through the opening f in the concave C; see Fig. 3, and
is deposited within the box or frame A underneath. Corn & cob, and all
articles requiring to be reduced, are admitted into the crusher through the
tube O, which is attached to the opening in the cap, see Fig. 4, and after
passing through the crusher is carried on to the cylinder and through the
grinding surfaces by means of the spiral flanches, in the same manner as
described above. The fingers e extend downwards to a point about on a line
with the centre of the cylinder, as shewn in Figs. 1 & 2, and vibrate along
the entire length of the cylinder, which serves to prevent the ground grain
from clogging as it passes over the cylinder. The concave is adjusted to the
cylinder so as to grind coarse or fine by operating the nut F on the upper
part of the rod E.
Although the term "cylinder" is used throughout the above description,
the portion so denominated may be slightly tapered, as well as the concave,

page_text: both increasing slightly in diameter towards, the discharge end. This gives
a greater grinding surface with a given length than if a perfect cylinder
is used.
The above-described mill when made of iron is intended for grinding
feed, coffee, spices, .drugs, &c.; when made of stone, is admirably, adapted to
flouring. In the latter case the crusher need not be added.
I do not claim the parts of the above-described mill separately; but what I
clain, under the above in part recited Letters Patent, is, the combination of
the cylinder B, concave C, cap H, and reciprocating fingers e, the concave and
cap being provided with spiral flanches c, the above parts being constructed
substantially as described, & for the purposes specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Frederick Stansbury, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
CHARLES FREDERICK STANSBURY. (L.S.)