IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRESSING COTTON AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Nelson, of Old Broad Street, in the City of
London, Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
FOR PRESSING COTTON AND OTHER MATERIALS."-A communication from abroad
by Alexander Forrester Brown, of Madras, in the East Indies.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Nelson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th October 1864.
I, HENRY NELSON, of Old Broad Street, in the City of London, Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR PRESSING COTTON AND OTHER MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machinery for pressing
cotton and other materials.
For these purposes two screws of different pitch are used which give motion
to two followers in a horizontal trunk or box. The trunk or box is con-
structed of a series of rectangular cast-iron frames bolted together by screw
bolts and nuts, and the interior of this trunk or box is lined with wood. The
cotton or other materials are. introduced into the trunk or box through a door
at its upper. part. There are other doors towards the other end of the trunk
or box where the bale is lashed and delivered. The box or trunk is tied
longitudinally by wrought-iron tie rods. At each of the ends of the trunk or
box is a boss and a screw nut, to give motion to the screw which is fixed to

page_text: the follower at that end, The screw at the end of the trunk or box where
the cotton or other material is introduced is arranged to have comparatively a
quick speed communicated to it, whilst the screw at the other end is arranged
to have a comparatively slow-speed communicated to it. The screw nut at
one end receives rotatory motion by means of a pair of bevil wheels, whilst
the screw nut at the other end of the press is caused to rotate by a worm or
screw and a worm wheel. The bevil wheel and the worm each receive
motion by endless bands.or straps acting on druins and driven by steam or
other power.
The press is worked in the following manner :-The two followers being
at their greatest distance apart, the door where the charging of the trunk or
box takes place is opened. The gunny bags or wrappers are lashed on to
the followers and the lashing doors are closed, the cotton is filled into the
trunk or box, the door is closed, and the follower which is actuated by the
bevil wheels is put in motion till it reaches the lashing doors where it is to be
stopped. The follower which is actuated by the worm or screw and worm
wheel is then to be put in motion till it also comes to the lashing doors.
The lashing doors are next to be opened, the bale lashed; and then removed,
which is facilitated by the lowering of a plate at the bottom of this part of
the press, which is done by means of withdrawing a wedge by means of a screw
and sorow whoal
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry. Nelson in the, Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th March 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME; I, HENRY
NELSON, of Old Broad Street, in the City of London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent,ibearing date the Sixth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs and sucoessors; give. and grant
'unto me, the said Henry Nelson, Hér special licence that. I,,.the said
Henry Nelson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I; the said Ilenty Nelson, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might makes use, exercise, and vend, within: the United Kingdom of Great
"

page_text: Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PRESSING COTTON AND OTHER MATERIALS,"
a communication to me from abroad by Alexander. Forrester, Brown, of
Madras, in the East. Indies, upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Henry. Nelson, my executors or administrators, by. an. instru
ment in writing under my, or their; or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the, said. Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Nelson, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:
This Invention has. for its object improvements in machinery for pressing
cotton and other materials.
For these purposes two screws of different pitch are used which give motion
to two followers in a horizontal trunk or box. The trunk or box is constructed
of a series of rectangular cast-iron frames bolted together by screw bolts and
nuts, and the interior of this trunk or box is lined with wood. The cotton or
other materials are introduced into the trunk or box through a door at its
upper part. There are other doors towards the other end of the trunk or box
where the bale is lashed and delivered. The box or trunk is tied. longitu-
dinally by wrought-iron tie rods.. At each of the ends of the trunk or box is
a boss, and a screw nut to give motion to the screw which is fixed to the follower
at that end. The screw at the end of the trunk or box where the cotton or
other. material is introduced, is arranged to have comparatively a quick specḍ
communicated to it, whilst the screw at the other end is arranged to have a
comparatively slow speed, communicated to it. The screw nut at one end
receives rotatory motion by means of a pair of bevil wheels, whilst the screw
nut at the other end of the press is caused to rotate by a worm or screw and
a worm wheel. The bevil wheel and the worm cach receive motion by endless
bands or straps acting on drums and driven by steam or other power...
".
The press is worked in the following manner:-The two followers being at
their greatest distance apart, the door where the charging of the trunk or box
takes place is opened. The gunny bags or wrappers are lashed on to the
followers and the lashing doors are closed, the cotton is filled into the trunk or
box, the door is closed, and the follower which is actuated by the bevil wheels
is put in motion till it reaches the lashing doors, when it is to be stopped, the

page_text: follower which is actuated by the worm or screw and worm wheel is then to be
put in motion till it also comes to the lashing doors. The lashing doors arë
next to be opened; the bale lashed, and then removed, which is facilitated by
the lowering of a plate at the bottom of this part of the press; which is done
by means of withdrawing a wedge by means of screw and screw wheel..
Having thus stated the nature of the said-Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side elevation; Figure 2 a plan; Figures 3 and 4 end eleva-
tions; Figure 5 a transverse section, and Figure 6 a longitudinal section of a
press combined or constructed according to the Invention. In the arrange-
ment shown the bale is lashed from each side through the doorway, but an
arrangement may be made if desired by means of which the bale may be lashed
from top and bottom through doorways provided in the pressing box, so that
bales may be made either on end or lying on one side..
The trunk or box consists of a series of strong cast-iron frames A, A, A, A,
bolted together and lined with wood. There is a door B for the introduction
of the cotton, and two doors C, C, which open when the bale is pressed, and
through which the lashing is effected, and the bale removed. The ends D, D,
of this framework are provided with bosses or projections E; E, E; E, through
which the wrought-iron tie rods F, F, are passed and they are fastened by the
nuts a, a These ends D have also large bosses carrying the brass nuts G, G,
to which a rotatory motion is imparted in the one case by a pair of bevil wheels
H, H, and in the other by a worm or screw I and a worm wheel J. The
bevil wheels and the worm and wheel are connected with the motive power by
leather bands working over drums K, K, or it may be by toothed gear, both
having suitable means for reversing the motion at pleasure. The method of
working is as follows:-The two followers or lashing plates L, L, (Figures 5
and 6) being withdrawn to their greatest extent, the door B is opened, and
the gunny bags or wrappers of the bale are lapped round the lashing plates,
the cotton pushed into the trunk or box as tightly as possible, the door B is
closed, and the bevil gear started by this means the cotton is pressed up until
the follower L-reaches the lashing doors C, C, and here it is allowed to remain
while the screw N'pushes the other follower into a similar position in respect
to the doors C, C. These doors are then opened, the bale is lashed and
securely tied as is well-understood, and the followers are moved back or with-
drawn ready for the next bale. The bale which is still held tight endwise is
released by the withdrawal of the wedge 6 (Figures 5 and 6) which wedge

page_text: raises to or lowers from the level of the press bottom a loose plate or false
bottom c (Figures 1, 5, and 6,) and is acted upon by the screw on the end of
the spindle O which receives motion from a hand wheel situated near the wall
of the building or any other, convenient position.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that I make no claim to the
mechanical parts separately, but what I claim is the mode herein described
of combining the mechanical parts into a press for pressing cotton and other
materials.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Nelson, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this First day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
5
Witness,
MONTAGU C. WILKINSON,
Merchant,
71, Old Broad St.,
London.
HENRY NELSON. (L.S.)