Improvements in Machines for the Manufacture of Multiple Throw Cams.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 9th Jan., 1897-Accepted, 3rd Apr., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for the Manufacture of Multiple
Throw Cams.
We JOHN PRICE of 18, Upper Kennington Lane, Mechanical Engineer, DICK
EDWARDS RADOLYFFE, of 56, Gloucester Crescent, Regent's Park, Gentleman,
ALFRED HENRY SMITH, of 89, Marney Road, Clapham Cominon, Gentleman, THOMAS
HANN, of 18, Upper Kennington Lane, Mechanical Engineer, and WILLIAM
BROMLEY, of 18, Upper Kennington Lane, Wine and Spirit Merchants' Traveller,
all in the County of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide a machine for the mechanical
manufacture (without the employment of a model, or template) of plate or cylindrical
cams, capable of imparting a number of equal throws at each revolution and whereby.
the curved paths, so produced are automatically formed, and are of symmetrically
perfect character.
Such cams when mounted to be rotated are advantageously employed for
transmitting motion, and communicating an increased speed, to other parts of
machinery, such as, for example, transmitting motion from a driving axle, to a wheel
or shaft to be driven. These cams are particularly advantageous for use in the
driving gear of velocipedes, wherein one of the multiple throw cams of "plate"
variety is keyed on a driving shaft having a swinging cam, pivotted at one end to the
framework, and provided at its lower end with a bowl entering the cam groove;
at the bowl end of the arm a connecting rod is jointed to drive a crank on a disc.
Such cam grooves may obviously be formed, in some cases upon the curved surface
of a cylinder, where the cam is on a driving shaft and a bell-crank lever is provided,
one arm having a bowl operated by the cam, while the other arm is jointed to the
connecting rod.
The machine hereafter described is capable of being caused to cut multiple throw
cam grooves upon a flat surface or a cylindrical surface.
In order that the system of action of the machine for the manufacture of such cams
and as hereafter described, may be understood we will firstly describe what we may
call the elements of the mechanism we employ according to our invention. In order
to produce a plate cam, say of three throw character, the plate from which the cam is
to be produced is fixed to, and carried by, a revolving table. Above the table is a
two armed lever capable of being rocked on a centre, by a connecting rod, and a
crank disk, the outer end of the lever arm carrying a cutter or rotary milling tool,
to act upon and cut the cam. The various parts are so relatively operated, that whilst
the table is revolved once, the tool arm is rocked towards the centre of the cam three
times, and is rocked to the outer extent of the cam groove three times; and a three
throw cam is thereby formed. When cylindrical cams are to he cut, the table is
held stationary while the cylinder to be cut is mounted thereon, between centres,
and is revolved at the same rate as the table would be revolved if cutting a
flat cam.
In the machine hereafter described the number of throws of the cam to be
produced can be varied, while the throws of the said cam can also be made to suit
any throw of the driven crank, or any length of swinging arm.

page_text: Our multiple throw cam forming machine is composed of: A rotary table on to
which the plate to be cut is fixed, is fitted with a lower extension or neck and has
a coned base, held by bearing pieces to a laterally sliding bed, capable of being
slidden transversely by screw shaft, and hand-wheel. The upper bed is carried on
transverse guides on a lower longitudinally adjustable bed, capable of being operated
by a screw shaft and hand wheel; the adjustable bed is carried on longitudinal
guides formed on the frame of the machine. By this construction the table is capable
of being rotated, while it may be adjusted in any desired position, both transversely
and longitudinally upon the slides. In order to give the table rotary motion, (in
whatever position it may be placed transversely, or longitudinally), the neck is
fitted with a toothed wheel, with which gears a pinion the pivot of which latter is
adjustably carried in slots formed in straps, mounted to loosely embrace the neck of
the table. Pivotted to and extending from the strap extends a pair of links, jointed
to another pair of links which latter pivot on a vertical counter-shaft carriel in
bracket bearings from the frame of the machine. The links are adjustable in
length and carry a spur wheel, gearing with pinion, held to the counter-shaft by a
feather and groove, so as to allow the latter to be adjusted vertically. By these
means, which permit of varying the size of the gear wheel any desired ratio of speed
may be obtained between the counter-shaft and the table while the links also allow of
the table being adjusted horizontally in any direction.
The counter-shaft is conveniently rotated by say a worm wheel (held thereto by
a feather in the groove of the counter-shaft) operated by a worm on a horizontal
shaft held in brackets from the frame of the machine, and driven by belt and
cone pulleys.
The vertical cutter spindle is carried above the table by means of a forked
bearing bracket the latter being supported by vertical guides from the frame standard
upon which it may be adjusted vertically by ordinary means say by being connected
to a vertical screw shaft within the standard and such screw shaft may be rotated by
worm gearing through a handle.
The bearings of the bracket carry a vertical shaft extending upwards and between
the fork of the bracket, and pivotting loosely upon the shaft as a fulcrum is located
a compound two armed lever. The front arm of the lever carries the cutter spindle,
and is adjustable in guides lengthwise upon the back arm while the latter arm is also
formed with slotted horizontal guides to carry an adjustable bracket to which is
jointed a laterally extending connecting rod, the opposite end of which latter takes on
to a crank pin on a crank disc, keyed on the upper end of the counter-shaft. The
rotation of the shaft will thus rock the lever arms and the extent of such motion may
be regulated by adjusting the crank pin in the guide groove of the crank disc.
In order to allow the cutter spindle, its carrying lever and bracket being adjusted
vertically, the upper end of shaft is carried by a bracket below the crank disc, so
that when the bracket is raised or lowered the shaft is also raised or lowered, the
groove and feathered connection of the various parts with such shaft, allowing of the
motion.
It will now be understood that the cutter spindle can be rocked or given radial
reciprocations of any required extent and the number of such reciprocations may bear
any required proportion to the rotation or rotations of the table.
To rotate the cutter spindle while allowing of its radial motions, and of the
vertical adjustment of its carrying arm, two pairs of jointed links are provided
counecting and loosely embracing the shaft, and cutter spindle respectively. Upon
the shaft is keyed a pinion gearing with an idle pinion on the joint pin of links;
this pinion gearing with a pinion keyed or held by feather and groove to the
cutter spindle, so that upon revolving the shaft the cutter shaft is also revolved
whatever position or radial translation motion is given to it.
The shaft for communicating rotary motion to the cutter bar is extended upwards
and supported by a bearing bracket; above this bearing and on the shaft there is
located a bevil wheel provided with a rib or feather to take into the groove of the
shaft whereby the vertical adjustment of the bracket and consequently the rise or fall

page_text: of the shaft is allowed for. A bevil wheel gears with another bevil wheel carried on
a shaft driven by speed pulleys by which motion is communicated through the shaft
to the cutter bar.
When a multiple throw cam is to be cut upon a cylindrical block the latter is
mounted between centres. The gearing for rotating the table is disconnected and
the latter held stationary while the cylindrical block is rotated through a universally
jointed shaft supported by a bearing bracket carried from and revolvable upon the
counter-shaft. The universally jointed. shaft is driven when required by a bevil
wheel thereon from a pinion mounted on the counter-shaft, by a feather and
groove. It will be understood that the cylinder to be cut is so speeded as to be
revolved in the same ratio to the reciprocation of the cutter as would be the
case with the rotating table. It should be observed that by this machine
multiple throw cams are produced by revolving the plate or block from which
the cam is to be formed, while the cutter is simultaneously and during one
revolution of the plate or block, caused to perform movements identical with the
motions of translation which would be performed by the bowl, at the end of the
arı, beyond this it should be noted that with this machine cams to give any
number of throws can be formed by varying the relative number of revolutions of
the crank disc, with regard to the table or to the block being cut; the throw
of the cams to be formed can be also regulated, according to the throw given by
the said crank disc and a cam can be formed to suit any length of arm by proper
horizontal adjustment of the lever arm, or of the slide of the lever arin, and the
position of the centre relative to the cam can be varied, in fact the proportions of
the cams produced can be varied to suit any positions of the centres or proportions
of the moving parts of the machinery which the cams are to actuate.
Dated this ath day of Anil 1900
BREWER & SON,
London and Leeds, Agents for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for the Manufacture of Multiple
Throw Cams.
We, JOHN PRICE of 18 Upper Kennington Lane, Mechanical Engineer, DICK
EDWARDS RADCLYFFE of 56 Gloucester Crescent, Regent's Park, Gentleman, ALFRED
HENRY SMITH, of 89 Marney Road, Clapham Common, Gentleman, THOMAS HANN
of 18 Upper Kennington Lane Mechanical Engineer, and WILLIAM BROMLEY, of
18 Upper Kennington Lane Wine and Spirit Merchants' Traveller, all in the County
of London, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide a machine for the mechanical manufacture
(without the employment of a model or template) of plate or cylindrical cams
capable of imparting a number of equal throws at each revolution and whereby the
curved paths, so produced are automatically formed, and are of symmetrically perfect
character.
Such cams when mounted to be rotated, are advantageously employed for trans-
mitting motion, and communicating an increased speed, to other parts of machinery,
such as, for example, transmitting motion from a driving axle, to a wheel or shaft to
be driven. These cams are particularly advantageous for use in the driving gear of
velocipedes, as is illustrated by diagram Figure 1 Sheet 1 of the accompanying
drawings, where A is one of these multiple-throw cams of "plate" variety keyed on
a driving shaft A', B is a swinging arm, pivotted at one end N to the framework,
and provided at its lower end with a bowl entering the cam groove; at the bowl end

page_text: of the arm B is jointed a connecting rod C, to drive a crank C on disc C.
Applications of the cams, form subject matter of prior Patents and Patent Application
No. 15558 dated 16th August 1893, No. 24525 dated 21st December 1895, and
No. 4136 dated 24th February 1896.
Such cam grooves may obviously be formed, in some cases, upon the curved surface
of a cylinder, as for example is shewn by the diagram Figure 1^ Sheet 3 where A is
the cam on a driving shaft A; a bell crank lever is pivotted at N, onc arm B
having a bowl operated by the cam, while the other arm B is jointed to the
connecting rod, and applications of such cylindrical cams, form the subject matter of
prior Patent Application No. 6910 dated 30th March 1896.
The machine hereafter described is capable of being caused to cut multiple-throw
cam grooves upon such a flat surface as at Fig. 1 or a cylindrical surface as at
Figure 1.
In order that the system of action of the machine for the manufacture of such
cams, and as hereafter fully described, may be readily understood, we will firstly
explain what we may call, the elements of the mechanism we employ. In order to
produce a plate cam, say of three-throw character, the plate A from which the cam is
to be formed is fixed to, and carried by, a revolving table D as is indicated by a
diagram view Fig. 2. Above the table D is a two-armed lever B B', capable of being
rocked on a centre N, by a connecting rod. C, and a crank disc C2, the outer end of
the lever arm B, carrying a cutter or rotary milling tool, to act upon and cut the
The various parts are so relatively operated, that while the table D is revolved
once, the tool arm B, is rocked towards the centre of the cam three times, and is
rocked to the outer extent of the cam groove three times; and a three-throw cam
is thereby formed. When cylindrical cams are to be cut, the table D is held
stationary, while the cylinder to be cut is mounted thereon, between centres and
is revolved at the same rate as the table D would be revolved if cutting a
flat cam.
In the machine hereafter fully described, the number of throws of the cam to be
produced can be varied, while the throws of the said cam can also be made to suit
any throw of the driven crank at C, Fig. 1, or any length of swinging arm B
Figure 1.
An arrangement of our multiple throw cam forming machine, is shown in front
elevation at Figure 3, in right hand side elevation at Figure 4, and in plan at
Figure 5; similar letters of reference refer to like parts on these figures.
The rotary table D, on to which the plate to be cut is fixed, is fitted with a lower
extension or neck D', and has a coned base D', held by bearing pieces D³ to a laterally
sliding bed D, capable of being slidden transversely by screw shaft D, and hand-
wheel D, Fig. 3. The upper bed D is carried on transverse guides on a lower
longitudinally adjustable bed D', capable of being operated by screw shaft D and
handwheel D; the bed D' is carried on longitudinal guides formed on the frame E
of the machine. By this construction the table D is capable of being rotated, while
it may be adjusted into any desired position, both transversely and longitudinally upon
the slides.
In order to give the table D rotary motion, (in whatever position in may be placed
transversely or longitudinally), the neck D' is fitted with a toothed wheel F, with
which gears a pinion F', the pivot of which latter is adjustably carried in slots formed
in strips F, mounted to loosely embrace the neck D' of the table D. Pivotted to and
extending from the strap F2 extends a pair of links G, jointed to a pair of links H,
which latter pivot on a vertical counter shaft J, carried in bracket bearings J J
from the frame E of the machine. The links G and H are adjustable in length and
carry a spur wheel G', gearing with a pinion H', held to the counter shaft J by a
feather and groove, so as to allow the latter to be adjusted vertically. By these
means, which permit of varying the size of the gear wheels, any desired ratio of speed
may be obtained between the shaft J and the table D, while the links also allow of the
table being adjusted horizontally in any direction.
The counter shaft. J is conveniently rotated by say a worm wheel K (held thereto

page_text: by a feather in the groove of the shaft J) operated by a worm K on a horizontal
shaft K2, held in brackets from the frame E of the machine, and driven by belt and
cone pulleys K³, Figs. 4 and 5.
The vertical cutter spindle L is carried above the table D, by means of a forked
bearing bracket M supported by vertical guides from the frame standard E' upon
which it may be adjusted vertically by ordinary means, say by being connected to a
vertical screw shaft within the standard E' (not shewn in the drawings), and such
screw shaft may be rotated by worm gearing through a handle located as at M¹ at
Fig. 3. The bearings of the bracket M carry a vertical shaft N extending upwards,
and between the fork of the bracket M and pivotting loosely upon the shaft N as a
fulcrum, is located a compound two-armed lever B B (shewn detached in plan view
at Fig. 6).
The front arm B of the lever, carries the cutter spindle L, and is adjustable in
guides lengthwise upon the back arm B', while the latter arm B is also formed, with
slotted horizontal guides, to carry an adjustable bracket B2, to which is jointed a
laterally extending connecting rod C, the opposite end of which latter takes on to a
crank pin C', on a crank disc C2, keyed on to the upper end of the counter shaft J.
The rotation of the shaft J, will thus rock the lever arms B B', and the extent of
such motion may be regulated by adjusting the crank pin in the guide groove C³, of
the crank disc C2.
In order to allow of the cutter spindle L, its carrying lever B B', and bracket M,
being adjusted vertically, the upper end of shaft J is carried by a bracket J³ below
the crank disc C², so that when the bracket M is raised, or lowered, the shaft J is also
raised or lowered, the groove and feathered connections of the various parts with such
shaft, allowing of the motion.
It will now be understood that the cutter spindle L can be rocked or given radial
reciprocations of any required extent, and the number of such reciprocations may
bear any required proportion to the rotation or rotations of the table D.
To rotate the cutter Spindle L while allowing of its radial motions, and of the
vertical adjustment of its carrying arm B, two pairs of jointed links P P are provided,
connecting and loosely embracing the shaft N, and the cutter spindle L respectively.
Upon the shaft N is keyed a pinion N' gearing with an idle pinion on the joint
pin of links P P¹; this pinion Q gears with a pinion L' keyed or held by feather and
groove, to the cutter spindle L, so that upon revolving the shaft N the cutter
shaft L is also revolved, whatever position, or radial translation motion is
given to it.
The shaft N for communicating rotary motion to the cutter bar L, is extended
upwards and supported by a bearing bracket E2: above the bearing E², and on the
shaft N, there is located a bevel wheel N2, provided with a rib or feather to take
into the groove of the shaft N, whereby the vertical adjustment of the bracket M
and consequently the rise or fall of the shaft N is allowed for. The bevel wheel N²
gears with a bevel wheel R carried on a shaft R' driven by speed pulleys R2, by
which motion is communicated, through the shaft N, to the cutter bar L.
When the multiple-throw cam is to be cut upon a cylindrical block, the latter
is mounted between centres S as shown at Figs. 7 and 8, Fig. 7 being a partial
side elevation shewing the work table D and the shaft J and Fig. 8 is a plan of
same. The gearing for rotating the table D is disconnected and the latter held
stationary, while the cylindrical block A is rotated through the universally jointed
shaft T supported by a bearing bracket T carried from and revolvable upon the
shaft J. The shaft T is driven when required by bevel wheel T2 thereon, from a
pinion T3 mounted on the shaft J by a feather and groove. It will be understood
that the cylinder to be cut is so speeded as to be revolved in the same ratio to the
reciprocation of the cutter as would be the case with the rotating table D.
In some cases we find it convenient to arrange the means for imparting the rocking
movement to the cutter by such an arrangement as is illustrated in the several views
Figures 9, 10 and 11. The object of this arrangement is to duplicate the rocking
arm B' whereby it can be rocked from either side of the machine, which results in a

page_text: certain variation in the cams cut, when driven from one side, to those when the arm B'
is driven from the other side.
In this case the spindle J may be located at the rear of the machine, and carries
the disc (at its upper end, to which the link C is pivotted as in the former case upon
the stud or crank pin C. The link C connects the said dise C with the rocking
arm B. Link C is shaped so as to be capable of being arranged as indicated in the
plan view Fig. 9, on either side of the machine.
Rotary motion is communicated to the face plate D and the disc C² by means of a
shaft J which receives its rotary motion say through the medium of a pulley V see
Fig. 10.
Mounted on the forward end of the shaft Jx is a worm X which gears into the
toothed wheel I' of the face plate D, and by these means the face plate D receives its
rotary motion. Upon the rear end of the shaft Jx is mounted a worm Y, which
gears into a toothed wheel Z which latter is keyed to the vertical shaft J which
carried the disc C2, thus the disc C2 is revolved from the shaft J*, the relative speeds
of the two parts, eic.: the face plate D and the disc C can be arranged by variation
of the gearing.
The shaft J is carried in suitable adjustable bearings, to allow the face plate D
being moved by means of the slides upon which it is mounted as before described such
bearings are indicated at Fig. 10. Motion is imparted to the cutter spindle L in a
similar manner to that as described in reference to Figs. 3, 4 and 5 of the foregoing
description.
It should be observed that by this machinery, multiple throw cams of the character
shewn at Figs. 1 and 14 are produced by revolving the plate or block from which
the cam is to be formed, while the cutter is simultaneously and during one revolution
of the plate or block, caused to perform movements identical with the motions of
translation, which would be performed by the bowl (Fig. 1) at the end of the arm B;
beyond this, it should be noted that with such machines, cams to give any number
of throws can be formed by varying the relative number of revolutions of the crank
dise C, Fig. 2 with regard to the table D or to the block being cut; the throw of
the cams to be formed, can also be regulated, according to the throw given by the
said crank disc C2, and a cam can be formed to suit any length of arm such as B
Fig. 1 or 14 by proper horizontal adjustment of the lever arm B, or of the slide B2,
of the lever arm B', and the position of the centre N Fig. 1 relative to the cam
can be varied in fact the cams produced can be varied to suit any positions of the
centres or proportions of the moving parts of the machinery which the cams are to
actuate.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
we declare that what we claim is :
1. In a machine for the manufacture of multiple-throw plate or cylindrical cams,
the combination with a horizontally adjustable work table for carrying the work to
be cut, and means for mechanically rotating the said plate or cylinder; of a cutter
vertically and horizontally adjustable, above the work table, means for rotating the
said cutter, and means for imparting a radial rocking movement to said cutter,
the number of oscillations being regulated as desired relatively to one rotation of the
plate or cylinder, substantially as described.
2. In a machine for the manufacture of multiple throw plate or cylindrical cams,
the combination with a horizontally adjustable work table D for carrying the work
to be cut, and means for mechanically rotating the said plate or cylinder, of a vertical
eutter spindle L above the work table D, means for rotating the spindle L, a
fulerummed horizontal armed lever B B', a fixed bracket M to carry the fulcrum of
lever B B', a bearing on the arm B to carry the rotary cutter spindle L, and an
adjustable throw crank connected with arm B to rock the said lever B B and give
the required number of throws to the cutter spindle L, relatively to one rotation of
the plate or cylinder, substantially as set forth.
3. In a machine for the manufacture of multiple throw plate or cylindrical cams

page_text: the combination with a horizontally adjustable work table D, for carrying the work
to be cut, and means for rotating the work; of a driven rotary vertical shaft J, an
adjustable throw crank on shaft J, a connecting rod C therefrom, a horizontal armed
rock lever B B', carried on a fulcrum from the framework, the connecting rod C
adjustably connected on lever arm B', whereby the lever B B' is rocked, a vertical
cutter carrying spindle I, carried by the lever arm B, and means for axially rotating
the said spindle L, and whereby the cutter is rocked a proper number of times, to a
revolution of the work, substantially as set forth.
4. In a machine for the manufacture of multiple throw cams, the combination with
a horizontally adjustable table (D) capable of being rotated, for carrying the plate or
cylinder to be cut, a driven vertical shaft (J) variable speed tooth gearing and link
connections between shaft (J), and table (D), for rotating the table at a required
relative speed; of a forked vertically adjustable bracket bearing (M) located above
the table (D), a vertical driven shaft (N) carried by the bracket (M), an armed
lengthwise adjustable horizontal lever (B B¹) loosely fulcrummed on the shaft (N)
between the arms of bracket (M) a vertical cutter carrying spindle (L) carried by
lever arm (B) linked variable speed gearing (L' Q N') between driven shaft (N) and
cutter spindle (L), and gearing for rotating driven shaft (N) a variable throw crank
disc (C) on shaft J, connecting rod (C) therefrom to lever arm (B) to give a desired
number of oscillations to the lever (BB) and cutter spindle (L) during one revolution
of the table (D) as set forth.
5. The combination, with a machine as claimed by Claim 1, of centre standards (S)
mounted on the table D to carry the cylinder to be cut, and gearing and
connections (T T2 T3) from the driven shaft J to revolve the cylinder, (the table (D)
being disconnected and inoperative) while the cutter carried by the cutter bar (L)
reciprocates and cuts the groove cam.
6. The combination with a machine as claimed by Claim 1, of a connecting rod C
between the armed lever B B' and the stud or crank pin C, constructed so as to be
capable of being arranged on either side of the machine substantially as and for the
purposes described with reference to Figs. 9, 10 and 11 of the accompanying
drawings.
7. The general construction and arrangement composing our improved machinery
or apparatus for the manufacture of multiple throw cams, all combined and acting,
substantially as and for the purposes described and illustrated with reference to the
accompanying drawings, together with any mere modification or modifications
thereof.
DL: OLL 1
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