IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HARDENED AND TEMPERED STEEL WIRK
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Frederick Bateman, of Low Moor, in the County
of York, Tempered Steel Wire Manufacturer, for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HARDENED AND TEMPERED STEEL WIRK”.
.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Frederick Bateman.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th March 1881.
WILLIAM FREDERICK BATEMAN, of Low Moor, in the County of York, Tempered
Steel Wire Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HARDENED
AND TEMPERED STEEL WIRE.".
he
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of hardened and
tempered steel wire mainly for use in the making of cards for carding fibres, and
the object is to avoid the oxidation or roughness heretofore following the hardening
and tempering processes, arising from the oxygen or atmosphere (or other causes)
acting upon the heated wire, and to produce bright smooth hardened and tempered :
steel wire of a highly coloured or "blue" finish.
In the manufacture of wire aforesaid, according to this my said Invention, I
apply to and envelope the heated wire from the point of its issuing or exit from
the heating chamber, heating tube, furnace, or other heating apparatus to its :
entrance to the water or other hardening bath, in or by a non oxygen yielding gas,
so excluding and preventing contact of atmospheric air with or upon the heated
wire.
Gases most suitable and convenient of application for purpose aforesaid, comprise
(amongst others) gas, the vapour of any of the hydro-carbons, coal gas, hydrogen,
nitrogen, carbonic acid, or other non oxygen yielding gas, the, inflammable gases
being applied by burners, or to the interior of the wire heating tube or pipe, and
being fired at the exit end thereof, so enveloping the wire as and at the point
described, as well as to protect the wire within the heating pipe.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Frederick Bateman in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 10th September 1881.
WILLIAM FREDERICK BATEMAN, of Low Moor, in the County of York, Tempered
Steel Wire Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HARDENED
AND. TEMPERED STEEL WIRE."
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of hardened and
tempered steel wire for use in the making of cards for carding fibres and for other
purposes; the object is to avoid the oxidation or roughness heretofore following the
hardening processes, arising from the oxigon of the atmosphere acting upon the
heated wire, and to produce bright smooth hardened steel wire, which may after-
wards be tempered or let down to any of the colours within the range.
In the manufacture of wire aforesaid, according to this my said Invention, I
apply to and envelope the heated wire from the point of its issuing or exit from
the heating chamber, heating tube, furnace, or other heating apparatus to its
entrance to the hardening or stiffening bath, in or by a non oxygen yielding gas, so
excluding and preventing contact of atmospheric air with or upon the heated
wire.
Gasses most suitable and convenient of application for purpose aforesaid, comprise
(amongst others) gas, the vapour of any of the hydro-carbons, coal gas, hydrogen,
nitrogen, carbonic acid, or other non oxygen yielding gas, the inflammable gasses
being applied by burners, or to the interior of the wire heating tube or pipe, and
being fired at the exit end thereof, so enveloping the wire as and at the point
described, as well as to protect the wire within the heating pipe.
Such being the nature and object of this my said Invention, I will now proceed
to describe the same in detail, and in order that the Invention may be fully
understood, I have hereunto annexed a Sheet of Drawings illustrating apparatus
suitable for use, and have marked the same with letters of reference.
.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
At A is a furnace in which is a heating tube B, through which the wire is to be
operated upon is passed; the feeding end C of the tube projects beyond the furnace,
and is stopped by asbestos, cotton waste, or other like material, which, whilst
affording passage way for the wire will, in a great measure, prevent the entrance
of atmospheric air to the said tube B.
The wire issues at the exit end D of the tube B, heated for the hardening bath E, :
and it is during the traverse of the wire from the point D to F; that the contact of
atmospheric air with the wire must be prevented; and that object I accomplish by
the application of a flame of gas enveloping the length of wire between the
points D and F, and excluding the air. At G is a shield or cover against which
the gas impinges, and rebounding, envelopes the wire under operation.
The wire passes to the hardening trough E containing water, oil, or other
hardening medium, and afterwards over heated plates, or through heated oil, or a
bath of molten lead, for the purpose of tempering or reducing the degree of hardness
of the wire, as is well understood.
It will be understood other gas than coal gas (such as the gases herein referred
to) may be used for the purpose of excluding atmospheric air from the wire, but
coal gas is moet easily procured and ready of application.
Where the wire is to be slightly hardened or stiffened only, after passing through
the heating tube, and being enveloped in flame or a gas for purpose described, it

page_text: may pass into a bath of sand or melted alloys of metals at temperatures below that
of the wire after passing through the flame between parts D to E, and producing a
stiff smooth wire.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Frederick Bateman, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Blackburn.
WILLIAM FREDERICK, BATEMAN. (L.S.)