Improvements in the Manufacture of Metal Casks, Barrels, or like Receptacles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Nov., 1896-Accepted, 5th Dec., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Metal Casks, Barrels, or like
Receptacles.
I, PAUL BOUQUIÉ of Namur in the Kingdom of Belgium, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The improvements hereinafter described relate more particularly to the manu-
facture or construction of metal casks and other analogous receptacles formed by
pressure, but the invention may be applied in part to metal casks and analogous
receptacles constructed by other methods.
For the purpose of constructing casks or other similar receptacles composed of
two or more pressed parts connected together by interlocking or folded joints it
is necessary before finishing the cask to leave an opening in one of the ends or
heads so as to allow of the introduction of a suitable tool for the purpose of
supporting the interlocking or folded joint during the tightening or fastening
of the same.
One of the objects of my invention is to dispense with said opening,
and this I will now describe.
My first attempt was to support the two ends of the parts to be connected
together upon an intermediate ring placed inside the cask, in a projecting portion
of which ring the interlocking or folded joint was fastened, but now I preferably
employ the following method which has amongst others the advantage that
the supporting piece to be employed is not situated inside these barrels or
receptacles.
I form the interlocking or folded joint in the usual manner as shown in Figs. 1
and 2, but I place in the recess formed in one of the parts a hoop or support a
of circular or other section, and I fasten the joint by pressure from the outside
exerted through the fold on to said hoop, the said joint being supported on the
hoop. In Fig. 3 the folds are arranged as will be seen so that the joint when
mude is flush with the exterior of the barrel. The hoop a in this case is of an
elliptical section. The arrangement shown in Figs. 1 and 2 where the joint
projects may be applied to casks or receptacles provided or not with rolling hoops
outside and with internal or external strengthening hoops.
It is often useful to be able to take apart and to put together rapidly hollow
articles of circular or other form, particularly barrels or metallic receptacles when
they are formed of several parts. This allows of repairs and cleaning operations
and particularly greatly reduces the space occupied by the receptacles when they
have to be transported empty. This is another object of my invention, one form
of it being illustrated in Fig. 4 in which it will be seen that the halves of the
barrel have their edges folded to fit one inside the other while a gasket of some
suitable material may be placed between the parts so that a tight joint may be
produced when the halves are drawn together by the bolts c which pass through
the ribs d, the latter acting as "rolling hoops." In Fig. 5 the edges of both halves
are identical and are arranged to fit into a suitably shaped intermediate ring or
hoop e, a gasket or packing f of some suitable material being placed if desired
between each edge and the ring or hoop e. In place of the detachable ribs d the
material of the cask may be pressed up to form projections. In place of dividing

page_text: the barrel or similar receptacle into halves it may be divided into several parts,
each part being connected to another by one of the methods described.
The method I employ for connecting the end or head of a drum or receptacle
to the body part of the same is illustrated in Fig. 6 in which the head g is held to
the body by the bolts & passing through angle hoops i i, the latter being removable
if desired so that it may be placed upon the edge of the head, the parts being
held together by nuts or by a wedgej as shown. To form a tight joint.a gasket k
of some suitable packing material may be interposed between the curved edge of
the receptacle and the head. In Figs. 7 and 74 the edges of the halves to be
connected are inserted in a groove of a hoop l, and are fastened and retained in the
groove by the pressure of a flat ring m fixed to the hoop by means of bolts.
A ring or hoop n may be employed with this to act with it as "rolling hoops."
Figs. 8, 84 and 8B illustrate another modification of my invention, in which the
halves to be connected together (with or without the interposition of a packing
material) are retained and fastened together by a channel iron hoop o. This
hoop may be in halves which are connected together by means of plates o' bolted
thereto, the fastening at the opposite point being effected by means of bolts p p
which pass through ears 9 attached to each part of the hoop o.
↑
The present method of providing metal barrels and other similar receptacles
with bungs is sometimes wanting in strength and tightness, and to remedy this
drawback I employ the method illustrated in Figs. 9 to 11. On the outer surface
of the ring I provide a groove a of which the width is equal to or slightly greater
than the thickness of the sheet metal of which the barrels are made. The
diameter y Fig. 10 of the opening formed in the barrels for receiving the bung-
hole rings is slightly larger than the diameter of the groove, and slightly smaller
than, the outer diameter z of the bottom of the ring, so that when the edge of the
opening has entered the groove, which takes place in placing the ring in position,
the latter, can no longer be removed or displaced. For the purpose of putting
this ring into the barrel the tool employed to cut the bung hole openings is
constructed in such a manner that the operation of cutting out acts to raise up
the edges of the opening as shown in Fig. 9. In this position the diameter y of
the latter becomes a little larger than the outside diameter z of the bottom of the
ring r, and it is then possible to insert the lower part of the ring in this opening
as shown. The upper and larger part of said ring thus rests upon the edge of the
opening. If pressure is then exerted upon the top of the ring when in that position
the edges of the opening will straighten and bring the same back into the position
indicated in Fig. 10. Before placing the ring in position there may be placed in
the bottom of the groove s some packing material t (Fig. 11) capable of forming
a tight joint between the edge of the opening and the wall of the groove. The
opening formed by the ring when in position may be closed by a screwed bung t,
a tap or other means. Any material that is used to make joints, such as caoutchouc,
asbestos, lead and the like may be employed for packing materials.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A joint for metal casks, barrels, or like receptacles having a hoop or support
outside of the cask beneath the interlocking fold, upon which hoop or support the
fold can be made tight substantially as described.
2. The joints for metal casks, barrels or like receptacles, substantially as described
and illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3.
3. A joint for metal casks, barrels or the like, receptacles in which two folded
edges of the parts are pressed together by means of bolts or the like which draw
together hoops, projections or rings on or carried by the barrel or the like,
substantially as described.
4. The joints for metal casks, barrels or the like substantially as described and
illustrated in Figs. 4, 7, 74, 8, 84 and 8.

page_text: 5. The means of securing a head on a drum or receptacle substantially as
described and illustrated in Fig. 6.
6. A joint for metal casks, barrels or the like in which two edges of the parts
are pressed against an intermediate ring by means of bolts or the like which
draw together hoops or projections on the barrel or the like substantially as
described.
7. The joint for metal casks, barrels or the like, substantially as described
and illustrated in Fig. 5.
8. The means for providing a metal cask or receptacle with a bung or tap hole
substantially as described and illustrated in Figs. 9 to 11.
Deted the 5th day of November 1896
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Chartered Patent Agent, London.
For the Applicant.