: An Improved Composition for Preventing or Obstructing the Passage of Heat through Bodies and for the Deadening of Sounds, and Methods of Applying the same.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 30th June, 1890
Complete Specification Left, 6th Mar., 1891-Accepted, 11th Apr., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
:
An Improved Composition for Preventing or Obstructing the Passage
of Heat through Bodies and for the Deadening of Sounds, and
Methods of Applying the same.
I, FREDERICK BLAKE PEMBERTON, of 6, Cliff Terrace, Avenue, in the Town
and County of Southampton, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates firstly to the manufacture of an improved composition for
preventing or obstructing the passage of heat from or to the surfaces of articles or
structures coated with the same, and for the deadening of sounds, and methods of
applying such composition to the surfaces of the said articles or structures.
My composition is particularly applicable for covering steam boilers, pipes, hot
fluid tanks and similar apparatus, to prevent the abstraction of heat from and
condensation of the steam or other fluid contained thereon..
It can also be used to keep frost from vessels or pipes to prevent the liquid
contained therein from being frozen, or in any other similar manner where the
passage of heat through a material is required to be reduced to a minimum.
Where it is desired to deaden sound produced in one part of a building from
another, I have found that by packing the space beneath the floors, or by coating
the walls by my composition this end has been successfully attained.
In carrying out my invention I may vary the proportion of the ingredients of
the mixture to one another according to the circumstances or particular use for
which it is required, but in order to explain my invention I will now give a propor-
tion of the various substances for the mixture which can be used for coating steam
boilers and the like.
The following is a list of the substances used and the quantities of each which I
will call "The general mixture
"
cwt. of peat
cwt. of moss litter
cwt. of charcoal
cwt. of sheep's wool
1 cwt. of fire clay
1 cwt. of plaster of Paris
1 lb. of Manilla fibre
1 quart of boiled linseed oil
1 lb. of alum.
In making this mixture I first clean dry and sift through a fine sieve, the
peat, moss litter, and wool which with the charcoal form the general non-conductive
substances of the mixture, I then soak them in a strong solution of alum in order
to make them uninflammable. They are then thoroughly dried and well mixed
in a dry state with fire clay plaster of Paris and charcoal.
When the mixture is thoroughly effected water is added until the whole is
of a consistency of mortar, after which boiled linseed oil is added and well
mixed and finally the Manilla fibre cut in short lengths of from 5 to 6 inches
is added.

page_text: The mixture now after it has been thoroughly well worked together may be put
into suitable receptacles such as casks for conveyance.
The addition of the boiled oil to the mixture prevents it from cracking when
exposed to considerable variations of temperature and the Manilla fibre also helping
to hold the composition together.
Before covering the boiler structure or other article with the general mixture I
apply what I call a "scratch-coat-mixture" which consists of a mixture of "the
general mixture" & fire-clay in equal proportions.
The method of applying my composition is as follows:-
The scratch coat mixture is well rubbed all over the surface of the article or
structure to be coated.
When dry I dab some of this mixture all over the surface in lumps some
3 or 4 ins. from one another so as to form a key.
When this is thoroughly dried I lay on the general mixture with a trowel in
layers of inch till I have attained the required thickness.
Care must be taken that each layer must be scored when set & that the next
layer be laid on before the preceding one dry.
When the required thickness of composition has been attained I smooth over the
whole surface with the scratch-coat-mixture & allow it to dry.
Should any cracks appear they may be easily stopped by applying the scratch-
coat-mixture to them with a brush.
After allowing the composition to dry for 2 or 3 days it can be coated with
paint, tar, or any other similar substances.
Dated this 30th day of June 1890.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Composition for Preventing or Obstructing the Passage
of Heat through Bodies and for the Deadening of Sounds, and
Methods of Applying the same.
1, FREDERICK BLAKE PEMBERTON, of 6, Cliff Terrace, Avenue, in the Town
and County of Southampton, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My composition is particularly applicable for covering steam boilers, pipes, hot
fluid tanks and similar apparatus and it can also be used for keeping frost from
vessels or pipes, & generally, wherever it is desired to reduce the passage of heat
through a material to a minimum.
The composition is made from the following substances in about the proportions
specified.
cwt. of peat
cwt. of moss litter
cwt. of charcoal
cwt. of sheep's wool
I cwt. of fire clay
I cwt. of plaster of Paris
1 lb. of Manilla fibre
1 lb. of alum
1 quart of boiled linseed oil.
I first clean, dry, and sift through a fine sieve the peat, moss litter,. and wool
which with the charcoal form the general non-conducting substances of the mixture.
I then soak them in a strong solution of alum in order to make them uninflammable.
They are then thoroughly dried & well mixed in a dry state with fire clay, plaster

page_text: of Paris and charcoal. Water is then added until the whole is of the consistency
of mortar, after which boiled linseed oil is added & well mixed & finally the Manilla
fibre cut in lengths of from 5 to 6 inches.
Under charcoal I include charred vegetable material & if peat cannot be obtained
an additional amount of moss litter can be used. If some of the materials specified
are not available, closely analogous substances may be employed.
Before covering the articles with this mixture I apply what I call a " scratch
coat mixture" which consists of a mixture of equal quantities of the above described
mixture and fire clay.
In applying my composition I well rub the scratch coat mixture over the surface
of the article or structure to be coated. When dry I dab some of this mixture over
the surface in lumps some 3 or 4 inches from one another to form a key. When
this is thoroughly dried I lay on the general mixture in layers of an inch thick
till I have attained the required thickness. Each layer should be scored when set
and the new layer be laid on before the preceding one is dry. The whole surface
is then smoothed over with the scratch coat mixture & allowed to dry. If any
cracks appear they may be stopped by applying the scratch coat mixture.
After allowing the composition to dry it can be coated with paint, tar, or other
required substance.
If the composition is to be used for deadening sounds, the scratch coat mixture is
not required, & if it is not necessary that the composition should adhere to a
surface, as,
for instance, where it is put between a floor & ceiling, the oil & Manilla
fibre will not be required.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
invention, & in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The use & manufacture of the mixture substantially as described in the
foregoing Specification.
2. The use & manufacture of the scratch coat mixture consisting of equal
quantities of fire clay and the mixture covered in the preceding claim.
Dated this 6th day of March 1891.
W. H. MUNNS,
Agent for Applicant.