IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING PAPER BAGS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Kenworthy Dutton of John Dalton Street in
"
the City of Manchester in the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent for an
Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING PAPER BAGS
Communicated to him from abroad by Felix William Leinbach and Clarence
Augustus Wolle of Bethelem in the State of Pennsylvania one of the United
States of America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Kenworthy Dutton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th December 1882.
"
EDWARD KENWORTHY DUTTON of John Dalton Street in the City of Manchester
in the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent, "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
MAKING PAPER BAGS communicated to me [from abroad] by Felix William Leinbach
and Clarence Augustus Wolle of Bethelem in the State of Pennsylvania one of the
United States of America,
The said Invention relates to apparatus for completely forming flat bottomed
paper bags. A web of paper has its sides folded over a forming plate and the
pasted edges are caused to overlap by the action of inclined rollers. The tube of
paper passes to a pair of pressing rollers which are shorter than the breadth of the
tube or are reduced in diameter at the ends so as not to flatten down the elges of
the tube. One of these rollers by preference is provided with a cutter and the
other with a cutter bed in order that a thumb hole may be cut.
The tubes pass
onwards to a pair of severing rollers one roller being provided with a cutting bla le
and the other with a slot or with a bed of caoutchouc or other suitable material.
The said cutting blade is curved in order that the cut edges may over-lap in the
subsequent folding operation. The bag blank has passed into position between a
presser bar and a bed and the said presser bar now descends and by flattening
down the tube at a distance from the mouth causes the latter to open for the
insertion of a reciprocating distending rod which comes forward and pushes the
upper web of the tube backwards over the said presser bar the ends of the mouth
coming inwards. The said distending rod is arched or is otherwise formed to clear
n

page_text: the tube corners as they come inwards. The partly formed primary folds of the
bag bottom are now pressed by a pair of connected flattening plates which descend
one on each side of the distending rod one plate having a spring finger which
presses down one of the folds in advance of the other. The presser bar and
flattening plate are raised or are forced down at the required times by means of
cams and the distending rod is reciprocated by means of a cam or is moved in one
direction by the action of a cam and in the other direction by means of a spring or
weight. The bearers of the presser bar are also acted upon by means of a cam or
of cams so that the bar is moved towards a third pair of rollers the partly folded
bag being carried forwards and seized by these rollers which have a greater surface
speed than the cutting rollers. One of these rollers is provided with a creasing
blade and the other with an elastic bed a crease for the folding over of one of the
corners of the bag bottom being thereby formed. As the partly formed bag passes
onwards it is bent around the bed roller by means of travelling tapes or endless
bands and at the same time the central joint is pasted by means of a revolving
segment which is supplied by a feed roller which revolves in a paste trough. The
said trough is supplied with paste by a fountain reservoir. The pasted bag is
delivered downwards into a finishing clamp. By preference a number of these
clamps are carried by a revolving frame so that the bags are received finished and
delivered by the revolution of the said frame. Each clamp is mounted to swivel
in bearings in or carried by two discs and one of its trunnions is provided with a
lever arm which carries a pin or bowl which runs in the groove or race of a fixed
snail cam. The clamp carries a shaft upon which are fixed fingers and which is
turned in its bearings by means of a curved race which acts upon an arm as the
clamp swivels. Upon the said shaft is mounted a clamping plate which is provided
with an arm which is acted upon by a second race.. Before the bag enters the
clamp a part revolving with the frame turns up the creased corner which is
subsequently clamped and pressed by a movement of the said fingers and by the
turning over of the said clamping plate. As the frame rotates the clamp turns into
position to bring the uncreased corner of the bag bottom in contact with a roller
and at the same time a creaser carried by a vibrating arm comes forward and
creases the fold the corner being folded down and pressed by the said roller and at
the same time a projection thereon presses down the tip of the other folded corner.
The outer end of the clamping finger projects over the edge of the clamp so as to
press back the bag body out of the way of the roller. The said creaser is moved
forwards by means of projections upon the revolving frame and returned by means
of a spring. As the rotation of the frame continues the clamp opens and the bag
is disharged.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edward Kenworthy Dutton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 16th June 1883:
EDWARD KENWORTHY DUTTON of John Dalton Street in the City of Manchester
in the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
MAKING PAPER BAGS" (communicated to me [from abroad] by Felix William Leinbach.
and Clarence August Wolle of Bethelem in the State of Pensylvania one of the
United States of America)
The said Invention relates to apparatus for completely forming flat bottomed
paper bags. A web of paper has its sides folded over and the over-lapping edges
pasted and pressed so as to form a flat tube which is severed into lengths. The
end of the tube is opened and the ends brought inwards so that the cut edges
overlap. The folds are flattened down, paste is applied and the corners are folded
over and pressed, and the. length of tube is delivered as a flat bottomed bag.
In order that the invention may be fully understood I will when describing the
same refer to two sheets of drawings which I have attached hereto. In the said
drawings Fig 13 sheet 1 represents a longitudinal section of the machine Fig 14
sheet 2 is also a longitudinal section the two Figs representing the two halves of
the machine supposing the same to be divided by longitudinal section. Fig. 15 is
a plan of the machine Fig. 16 a cross section on the line 1-2 in Fig. 13 and
Fig. 17 is a cross section on the line 3-4 in Fig. 15. The other Figs illustrate.
details of the machine. The web of paper is drawn over the plate L the edges of
the web being folded under and united below the plate so as to form a flat tube.
Below the plate L are arranged a pair of rollers M set obliquely to the direction of
movement of the tube so that as the latter is drawn forward the rollers will have
a tendency to draw the edges of the web inwards so as to tighten the same and to
cause the pasted edge to overlap the opposite edge in order that the edges may be
united when the tube passes between the rollers A which are represented in Fig 1..
The said rollers are provided with journals which revolve in bearings fixed to the
framing and on one of the said journals is a pulley by means of which the rollers
are actuated. Spur gearing-seen in Fig 15-connects these rollers with the other
rollers and revolving parts of the machine. The tube of paper passes between the
rollers A, A one of which is furnished with a segmental knife a for cutting a
thumb notch in the tube. The tube then passes between a pair of rollers B, B
separately represented by Fig.2. One of these rollers carries a knife b the other roller
being furnished with a strip b¹ of rubber or other yielding material which acts. in
conjunction with the knife, to sever the tube into short lengths, each of the proper
size for the bag.to be produced. A slot may replace the elastic strip if desired.. It
will be observed that the knife b is curved, so that the tube is severed on a curved
line. The rollers A and B are reduced in diameter at or near each end, so that the
opposite edges of the tube are not subjected to pressure but are allowed to preserve
the rounded or distended shape given to them by the former over which the. tube
is made, and as the tube. continues to move forward it is subjected to the action of
a transverse presser plate D, and longitudinally reciprocating distending rod E
separately represented by Fig 3. The plate D acts on the tube at a point some
distance in the rear of the severed end of the same, and (owing to the unflattened
edges of the tube) causes the mouth of the said tube to open for the entrance of
the distending rod E which folds back the upper half of the tube over the plate D
thus forming the primary or diamond shape fold in the bag bottom as seen in
Fig. 4. The severing of the tube on a curved line, as above set forth, causes the

page_text: point of one of the flaps of the primary fold to overlap the point of the other flap;
and in order to permit this overlapping of the flaps the distending rod E is arched
at d, so that the points of the flaps are at liberty to pass beneath the same, as in
Fig 5. Instead of being arched as shewn, the rod E might be recessed on the
underside for the same purpose. After the primary fold is made, it is flattened by
the action of an oscillating plate F represented in Fig. 6 made in two parts e, e¹
arranged one on each side of the distending rod E and connected by arched bridge
pieces f, funder which the said rod works. One of the parts e of the plate F carries a
spring finger g (Fig 7) which projects below the plate, and as the latter descends this
finger commences, to act upon one flap of the fold before the other part of the plate
commences to act upon the other flap, so that one flap is flattened down in advance
of the other and the proper overlapping of the points of the flaps is ensured. In
the absence of the spring finger g there might be a tendency in some cases for the
points of the flaps to meet in the centre and thus so to interfere with the proper
formation of the primary fold. The bag blank now passes between a pair of
rollers G, G, Fig 8 and receives a transverse crease to determine the line of the
second fold or flap x, this crease being formed by the joint action of a blade g' on
the upper roller G, and an elastic strip g² on the lower roll. The blank is then
brought under the control of a pair of belts h which pass around the upper roll G
and around a pair of pulleys G carried by the shaft H, and arranged adjacent to
the lower roll G around which the blank is bent by the action of the belts as shewn
in Fig 8, so that it is discharged vertically downwards as soon as it is.free from
the control of the belts. While the primary fold is passing around the lower
roller G, paste is applied to the central portion of the said fold: by a segmental
block carried by the shaft H and located between the pulleys G¹ this block
receiving paste from a roller which rotates in a paste trough I forming part of
a reservoir I¹ the latter. extending above the trough, and being closed at the top:
By this means a supply of paste at an uniform level is maintained in the paste
trough, a fresh supply of paste entering the latter from the reservoir as soon as the
level of paste in the trough has been lowered to such an extent as to permit the
entrance of air to the lower end of the reservoir, thelflow ceasing as soon as the air.
inlet' is closed. As the bag blank passes from the control of the belts hit falls
into a holder J, the point of the flap a being turned up by contact with a plate m.
as the blank falls into the holder as represented in Fig.9. As soon as the blank
reaches its position in the holder J it is clamped therein by a pair of arms and
the flap is pressed down by means of a plate p as shewn in Fig 10. The holder J
is then reversed as shewn in Fig 11, and the flap is brought into contact with a
rollers, whereby the flap is turned up, the extent of the flap being limited by the:
clamping arms. and a blade t being thrust into the fold as the flap is being turned
up, so as to properly crease the same, the blade being withdrawn. before the folding
up of the flap is completed: The upper ends of the arms n are hooked, as shewn
in Figs 9 and 10, so as to bend the body of the bag backward over the upper edge.
of the shoulder J and thus to cause á projection of the flap al so as to ensure the
proper action of the rollers s thereon. The blade t carries à finger t¹ seen also in
Fig 12. which finger as the blade is thrust into the fold of the flap.x acts upon the
point of the flap x and presses the same down against the bottom of the bag so as
to securely fasten the flap: When the pressing of the flap x¹ has been completed.
the clamping armsn and the presser plate p are moved outwards so as to release the.
finished bag, which falls into any convenient receptacle or on to a carrying belt
which conveys it to a suitable drier. The drawing rolls G, G, should be of slightly
larger. diameter than the rolls B which carry the severing devices, or the gearing
should be such as to impart a slightly greater speed to the rolls G than to the
rolls B, so that as soon as a bag blank is severed from the tube it will be drawn
gradually away from the cut end of the samé and will not interfere with the
opening of the said end when pressure is exerted upon the tube by the plate D.
presser plate D is carried by bars D slotted at the rear ends for adaptation
to pins on the frame. Vertical movement is imparted to the plate D by a cam. D³
The

page_text: ย
(indicated by dotted lines in Fig 13) on the shaft of the lower roller B the said
cam acting on one of the bars DI. Longitudinal movement is imparted to the said
plate by means of a cam D7 (in Fig 14) on the shaft of the upper roll B the said
cam acting on an arm D³ on a rock shaft D* which carries an arm D³ connected
by means of a link to one of the arms D¹. A spring D effects the retraction of the
arm D³. The distending rod E is connected with an arm E¹ on a rock-shaft E which
is mounted on brackets E3 secured to the frame, another arm E on the said shaft
being connected by a rod E5, to an arm E which is acted upon by a spring E7 and by
a cam E on the shaft of the upper roller B. The presser-plate F is carried by a pair of
arms F1 jointed to the brackets E³ one of the said arms being acted upon by a
cam F2 on the shaft of the upper roller G so as to impart the proper reciprocating
movement to the presser plate F. Clamping bag-holders J-which in the example
are four in number-are carried by a drum or cylinder N comprising two opposite
discs adapted to turn on a central shaft P and having at equidistant points around
the periphery, bearings for the shafts which carry the said bag-holders, each
shaft having an arm the end of which arm carries a pin adapted to work in the
slot of a snail-cam Q on the side frame of the machine. The movements of the
holders J cause the automatic operation of the plates p and clamping arms n, the
plates p being hung upon, and the arms n secured to, rock shafts wat the inner
edges of the holders J as shewn in Fig 13. Each rock shaft has an arm w¹ which
carries a pin which is adapted to work in a cam slot w² formed in one of the discs
of the cylinder or drum N and each plate p has an arm p¹ which carries a pin
which is adapted to work in a cam slot formed in a plate p² which is secured to
the said disc. The cams Q, w² and p2 are so formed as that the cylinder N is
revolved in the direction of the arrow in Fig 13. The bag holders J and their
clamping arms and the presser-plate p are operated in manner as follows:-In
passing beneath the rolls G G₁ the parts are in the position 1 in Fig. 13 the upper
ends of the clamping arms n being adjacent to the rolls and separated from the
holders J sufficiently to allow the bags to drop into the latter, the presser plate p
also being retracted as shewn. As the cylinder rotates, the holder is reversed by the
action of the cam Q on the arm v and this movement causes the cams w² and p² to
operate on the arms w¹ and p¹ and to fold the arms n and plate p against the
holder J the parts being then in the position 2, and remaining in this position as
the holder passes the pressing roller s, and the folding of the bottom of the bag
is thereby completed. As soon as the bag holder is free from the roller s the said
holder commences to resume its original position, and this causes the opening of
the arms and the plate p so as to permit the discharge of the finished bag from
the holder when the parts reach the position 3. The arms and plate p are still
further opened when they reach the position 4 and are then restored to their
original position as at 1, preparatory to receiving another bag from the rolls G Gi.
The roller 8 is carried by a fixed arm s¹ on the central shaft P of the cylinder N
and to the said arm is jointed a lever T the long arm of which lever carries the
creasing blade t and the pressing finger t¹ the short arm of the lever having a
pin which is acted upon as the cylinder N revolves, by pins y on one of the discs
of the said cylinder whereby the vibration of the lever at the proper time is
effected the restoration of the lever to its original position, when released from the
control of the pins y being effected by the springs y represented in Figs 13 and 16.
The plates m. which effect the preliminary folding of the flap x of the bag bottom
are carried by the cylinder N and occupy positions somewhat in advance of the
bag holders, as shewn in Figs. 13 and 14. The cylinder N may carry as many
bag-holders with their clamps and pressers as desired, the speed of the cylinder in
relation to the other parts of the machine being governed by the number of holders
carried thereby, so that although the machine may be run at a very high rate of
speed ample time is given for the proper folding and securing of the finishing folds
x, x¹ of the bag bottom.
Having now fully set forth and indicated the nature of the said invention

page_text: and means whereby the same may be carried into effect I would have it to be
understood that I claim :-
i
First, the combination of rollers for feeding a tube without flattening its edges,
a curved cutting blade for severing the tube on a curved line, a transverse presser
blade, and a longitudinally reciprocating distending rod arched or recessed
substantially as set forth.
Secondly the combination of the rolls for feeding a tube without flattening the
edges, a transverse presser blade, a longitudinally reciprocating distending rod, and
an oscillating presser plate F whereby the primary fold is flattened as set forth.
Thirdly the combination of rolls for feeding the tubes without flattening the
edges, a transverse presser blade, a longitudinally reciprocating distending rod,
and an oscillating presser plate F having a spring finger g as set forth.
Fourthly, the combination of the rolls G, G, the pulleys G', the belts h, and the
pasting blocks i, whereby paste is applied to the bag bottom as the latter is carried
round the lower roll G as set forth.
Fifthly the combination in a paper bag machine, of a holder J adapted to receive
a partly folded bag blank, with a presser plate p whereby the flap x of the bag is
folded as set forth.
•
Sixthly the combination in a paper bag machine, of rolls for feeding a partly
folded bag blank, a plate m adapted to act upon the flap x, of the bag to commence
the folding of the latter, a holder J and a presser plate p whereby the folding of
the flap is completed, as set forth.
Seventhly the combination in a paper bag machine, of a holder J adapted to
receive a partly folded bag blank with a presser plate p, and clamping arms n, as
set forth.
'
Eighthly the combination of the holder J, with the clamping arms n having
hooked ends, as set forth.
Ninthly the combination in a paper bag machine of a holder J adapted to receive
a partly folded bag blank, and pivoted so as to be capable of reversal with a
presser p for the fold of the bag bottom, and a presser s for the finial fold x' of the
same, as set forth.
Tenthly the combination of the holder J with the clamps n and presser p, the
pressers and the creasing blade t, as set forth.
Eleventhly the combination of the holder J, with the clamps n, and presser p,
the presser s, and the creasing blade t, with finger t¹, as set forth.
Twelfthly the combination in a paper bag machine of a cylinder N with a series
of bag holders J and a series of clamps and pressers carried by the said cylinder,
all substantially as set forth.
Thirteenthly the combination of the rotating cylinder N a bag holder J pivoted
thereto, and a cam Q adapted to actuate the said bag holder, as set forth.
Fourteenthly the combination of the rotating cylinder, a reversible bag holder J
carried thereby, the clamp n and the rock shaft w, and a cam w² adapted to actuate
the said rock shaft as the holder is reversed as set forth.
.
Fifteenthly the combination of the cylinder N, the reversible bag holder J carried
thereby, the presser plate p, and its arm p', and the cam p², adapted to actuate the
presser plate as the holder is reversed, as set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Edward Kenworthy Dutton have hereunto set
my hand and seal this fifteenth day of June in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty-three