CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN SPINNING, TWISTING, OR DOUBLING COTTON, SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Pilling, of Colne, in the County of
Lancaster, Machinist, and Robert Scaife, of the same Place, Over-
looker, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN SPINNING, TWISTING, OR DOUBLING COTTON,
SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 7th July 1868, and dated the 11th January 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Pilling and
Robert Scaife at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 11th January 1868.
We, JAMES PILLING, of Colne, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
and ROBERT SCAIFE, of the same Place, Overlooker, do hereby declare.
the nature of our said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN SPINNING, TWISTING, OR DOUBLING COTTON,
SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to that part of apparatus for spinning, twisting,
or doubling fibrous substances called the "spindle and flyer," and
consists in the employment and use of a flyer mounted on a short spindle
which revolves within a hollow spindle by the tension or pull of the yarn

page_text: or thread on the bobbin which is connected to and positively driven by
a wharf or pulley attached to a bush extending through the bobbin and
rotating upon the outside of the said hollow spindle. The winding of
the yarn on the bobbin being thus dependent upon its continuity
prevents "hard waste" being made because the flyer ceases to deliver
immediately the yarn breaks. The revolution of the bobbin is effected
by means of a band passing round the said wharf, the wharf and bobbin
being lifted by the ordinary "copping rail," the hollow spindle being
fixed in a socket in the frame.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Pilling and Robert Scaife in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 10th July 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
PILLING, of Colne, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, and ROBERT
SCAIFE, of the same Place, Overlooker, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-first
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said James Pilling and Robert Scaife, Her special
license that we, the said James Pilling and Robert Scaife, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said James Pilling
and Robert Scaife, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN
SPINNING, TWISTING, OR DOUBLING COTTON, SILK, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said James Pilling and
Robert Scaife, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Scaife, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
Our Invention relates to that part of apparatus for spinning, twisting,
or doubling fibrous substances called the "spindle and flyer" and
consists in the employment and use of a flyer mounted on a short spindle
which revolves within a hollow spindle by the tension or pull of the yarn
or thread on the bobbin which is connected to and positively driven by a
wharf or pulley attached to a bush extending through the bobbin
and rotating upon the outside of the said hollow spindle. The winding
of the yarn on the bobbin being thus dependent upon its continuity
prevents "hard waste" being made because the flyer ceases to deliver
immediately the yarn breaks. The revolution of the bobbin is effected
by means of a band passing round the said wharf, the wharf and
bobbin being lifted by the ordinary "copping rail" the hollow spindle
being fixed in a socket in the frame.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained
in detail we have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made about
the full size.
Figs. 1 and 2 represent respectively an elevation and a vertical section
of the improved "spindle" and flyer; a, a, being a stationary spindle
fixed in the cottar rail b, upon this spindle a tube c revolves being actuated
by the wharve and pulley c¹ attached thereto and driven by a band, and
upon this tube the bobbin e is placed and revolves therewith, a pin d on
the wharve enters a slot in the bobbin, and thereby effects its connection.
with the tube and its revolution; the rise and fall of the tube and bobbin
is effected by means of the ordinary copping or "lifting rail "f and the
stationary spindle a is bored at its upper end to receive a short spindle g
to which the flyer is attached, the action being as follows:-The tube
and bobbin being driven at the same speed; and the short spindle and
flyer are only connected to the bobbin by the yarn and their speed is
retarded by the atmosphere to cause a drag sufficiently to take in the yarn
from the delivery rollers; by this means the ordinary "drag cloth " is
dispensed with, and by the slightness and variableness of the drag,
according to the tension of the yarn, the spinning is accelerated and a
much softer and finer thread can be spun without breakage than by
the ordinary means.

page_text: Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with
the method of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be
distinctly understood that we claim, the employment and use of a fixed
spindle combined with a separate spindle and flyer revolving thereon
by the tension of the yarn, and a bobbin and tube revolving on the
fixed spindle driven by band and pulley as herein-before described, set
forth, and fully illustrated in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Scaife, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
ROBERT SCAIFE. (L.s.)