CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY FOR CLEANING AND SPINNING OF SILK
Year: 1825

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, VERNON
ROYLE, of Manchester, in the County Palatine of Lancaster, Silk Manufac-
turer and Throwster, send greeting.
WHEREAS His Majesty King George the Fourth, in and by His Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster,
the First day of November last, for Himself, His heirs and successors, did give
and grant unto me, the said Vernon Royle, His special licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Vernon Royle, my exors, admors,
and assigns, and every of them, by himself and themselves, or by my and their
deputy and deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I, the said Vernon
Royle, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter, during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
" CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY FOR CLEANING AND SPINNING OF SILK;" in
which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said
Vernon Royle, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, parti-
cularly to describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be enrolled

page_text: in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery, within two calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and
by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Vernon Royle, do hereby declare and ascertain that the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which my said improvements are to be per-
formed and carried into effect, are explained in the Sheet of Drawings hereunto
annexed, and by the following description thereof, that is to say-
First, my said improvements as to the machinery used for cleaning the
threads of raw silk from occasional knotty, thick, or bad parts thereof, in the
passage of such threads from the skeins (mounted on their swifts or light
reels) to bobbins generally in use, or in the passage of such threads from
bobbins on which they have been wound by machinery or otherwise unto other
bobbins used upon cleaning or drawing frames, consists in substituting a pair
of rollers or small cylinders of metal or of any other fit material, nicely
adjustable as to distance from each other, between which rollers the said
tbread can be readily slipped in order to its being drawn between these rollers,
and as readily be slipped out therefrom when occasions may require, for or
instead of the pieces of wood covered with woollen cloth or other yielding
substance, between which the said raw threads have hitherto usually been
drawn, or else between the fingers of the attendant, in order to clean it as
aforesaid.
And second, my said improvements as to the machinery used for spinning
silk consists in substituting very smoothly formed and glazed or enamelled
studs or pegs composed wholly of porcelain or pottery, or partly of metal or
other fit material and partly of such porcelain or pottery, very smoothly
glazed or enamelled on the outside, around which smooth studs or pegs the
threads of silk are lapped or run, and freely slip round thereon in the passage
of such threads from the spindle bobbins to the receiving or gathering bobbins,
or to the reels, which may be used in the place of such last-mentioned bobbins,
for or instead of the lets or flyers upon the spindles heretofore in use, and
instead of the eyes or loops of wire which have hitherto usually been attached
to the reciprocating or sliding layer rail or rod, for the purpose of the said
threads being passed through such eyes or loops in order to effect the guidance
and regular laying of the said threads on the said receiving or gathering
bobbins or reals.
Figure 1 represents a set of my improved cleaning apparatus, containing
six pair of rollers or cylinders, this apparatus being intended to be screwed
or affixed by means of the bars (whose transverse sections A, A, are here

page_text: represented) to the principals or standards of the drawing or winding frame.
Upon the bars A, A, short standards B, B, are affixed, and carry the bed bar
C, C, on which last are affixed the seven puppets D, D, &c., one of which
puppets is shewn separate and enlarged in Figure 2. The uppermost and
shortest of the several pairs of rollers E, E, do not turn on their axes, but are
firmly fixed at their left hand ends, by screwing or otherwise, into their respec-
tive puppets D. The lowermost and longest of these several pairs of rollers
F, F, are also without fixed axes or pivots, but they are left at liberty to turn
freely round in vertically elongated holes in the puppets (D), one of which
holes is seen in Figure 2, and marked F. Through the bed bar (C) two
regulating screws G, G, &c., in Figure 1, are tapped under the several lower-
most rollers F, F, on the smooth tops of which screws G, G, &c., the lower-
most of the said rollers (F) rests, and is made adjustable as to its height and
distance from the fixed roller E, accordingly as the thread is finer or coarser,
which is to be slipped between and then drawn through between these
rollers, in order to clean off and remove any loosely adhering extraneous
matters, and also in order that when any knotty or thick parts of such threads
arrive at these clearing rollers they may not pass through the same, but the
progress of the thread be stopped until the attendant slips out the thread from
between the rollers, removes its large knots or bad parts, joins the thread,
and again slips it between the rollers, as already has been mentioned herein.
Figure 3 represents an elevation or front view of so much or such of the parts
of a spinning, twisting, or throwsting frame or machine of the usual construc-
tion as are necessary for the shewing how and in what manner my said
improvements are to be introduced and applied therein, the framing and the
parts of such frame or machine which communicate motion to the parts
shewn being omitted in the said Figure (3), as being well known to all
persons conversant with the silk manufacture, and as constituting no part of
my said Invention. H, H, H, H, represent four of the spindles or axes of the
spindle bobbins I, I, I, I, such spindles (II) resting at bottom and turning
freely in small brasses attached to the fixed bar K, K, of the frame or
machine, and turning also in brass collars in another fixed bar L, L, of the
said frame or machine, revolving motion being given to these spindles (H),
and the spindle bobbins (I) with them, by means of the small pulleys or
riggers M, M, M, M, and of a band or strap not shewn in the Drawing.
The threads of silk N, N, in their singled, doubled, or trippled state, and pre-
viously wound on the said spindle bobbin (I), are given out or unwound there-
from by the rotary motion of the said spindles (I) communicated in the usual

page_text: modes. The motion or passage of these threads (N) is upwards, in order to
their being taken up or wound on the receiving or gathering bobbins 0, 0, 0, 0,
in their spun or twisted state, such receiving bobbins (0) having a properly
regulated rotary motion for duly effecting such taking up communicated to
them in the usual modes; and these threads (N) in my improved spinning frames
or machines are in such passage between the bobbins I and O, each passed or
lapped once or more round (as may be requisite), and slip with a moderate
and proper degree of friction around the two studs or pegs P and Q, the
nature and composition of which studs or pegs have already been mentioned
berein, and one of them is shewn separate and enlarged in Figure 5. The
lower range of my new invented studs (P) are fixed in a stationary, rail or
rod R, R, properly attached to the framing of the machine, or attached in
the usual or any fit manner, and the upper range of such studs Q are fixed in
the moveable layer rail S, S, the reciprocating or sliding motion of which said
layer rail (S), from. right to left and from left to right, with a properly regu-
lated speed for guiding and evenly laying the threads (N) in an helical form
over all the surfaces of the said receiving bobbins (O), may be effected by a
crank or in any other known or fit mode. The manner in which I sometimes
affix the said studs P and Q in the rails or rods R and S, are shewn in
Figure 4. By the use of my new invented glazed or enamelled studs
(P and Q), instead of lets or flyers upon the spindle, and instead of eyes or
loops of wire for the guidance of the-threads of silk- to the receiving bobbins,
I am enabled to dispense with the resistance friction and many inconveniences
of the lets or flyers usually attached to the spindle (H), and can with effect
run these spindles at a much greater speed than heretofore has been usual.
And lastly, I do hereby expressly ascertain and limit my claims of Invention
and-exclusive-use-under-the-herein-before in part recited Patent,
First, to the system of cleaning rollers or apparatus exhibited in Figure 1,
and herein-before described.
And, second, to the glazed or enamelled studs P and Q, in Figures 3, 4,
and 5) herein-before described, in whatever way or manner the said studs, or
any modification or form thereof, may be introduced, for guiding the laying
or regulating the tension of the threads of silk whilst under the spinning
processes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Vernon Royle, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and twenty-five.
VERNON (L.S.) ROYLE.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-sixth day of Decem-
ber, in the year of our Lord 1825, the aforesaid Vernon Royle came before
our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Thirty-first day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twenty-five.