IMPROVEMENTS IN BOLLERS FOR HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Bower, of St. Neots, in the County of
Huntingdon, Gas Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BOLLERS FOR HEATING PURPOSES."
Sealed the 11th September 1868, and dated the 30th June 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Bower at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th June 1868.
I, GEORGE BOWER, of St. Neots, in the County of Huntingdon, Gas
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN BOILERS FOR HEATING PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in an improved construction of boiler for
heating water for buildings, conservatories, and other purposes. The
boiler is constructed of cast-iron tubes placed either vertically or

page_text: horizontally, and fitting to each other so as to form a water-tight
joint, the circulation being effected by arranging the ends of the
tubes so that they communicate one with the other without requiring
circulation boxes or receptacles for the tubes. It is evident that
a boiler of any magnitude may be readily constructed by bolting
a number of these tubes together. The form of tube preferred is
of a triangular section with cylindrical ends, but tubes of any other
section may be adopted. These boilers may be enclosed in sheet
iron, or cast-iron cases, or set in brickwork. By this method of
construction the boiler may be readily taken to pieces and any
defective tube removed and replaced in a very short space of time, or
the boiler may be enlarged to any desired extent by the addition of
other tubes, and by lengthening the bolts securing the whole together.
The tubes may be all made and fitted to gauges so as to be duplicates
of each other. The admission of air to the furnace may be effected
by any self-regulating arrangement, of which many varieties are now in
use; as, for instance, by the action of heated water on expansive liquids
or by a ball and valve arrangement.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Bower in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 30th December 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
BOWER, of Saint Neots, in the County of Huntingdon, Gas Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said George Bower, Her special license that I,
the said George Bower, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said George Bower, my executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United

page_text: Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS FOR HEATING PURPOSES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George Bower, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Bower, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say:-
My said Invention consists in an improved construction of boiler
for heating water for buildings, conservatories, and other purposes.
The boiler is constructed of loose or independent cast-iron tubes placed
either vertically or horizontally, and fitting to each other by plain face
joints so as to form water-tight junctions, the circulation being effected
by arranging the ends of the tubes so that they communicate one
with the other without requiring circulation boxes, or receptacles for
the tubes. It is evident that a boiler of any magnitude may be
readily constructed by bolting a number of these separate tubes together.
The form of tube preferred is of a triangular section with cylindrical
ends, but tubes of any other section may be adopted. These boilers
may be enclosed in sheet iron or cast-iron cases, or set in brickwork.
By this method of construction the boiler may be readily taken to pieces
and any individual defective tube removed and replaced in a very short
space of time, or the boiler may be enlarged to any desired extent by the
addition of other tubes, and by lengthening the bolts securing the
whole together. The several loose tubes may be all made and fitted
to gauges so as to be duplicates of each other. The admission of air
to the furnace may be effected by any self-regulating arrangement,
of which many varieties are now in use; as, for instance, by the
action of heated water on expansive liquids or by a ball and valve
arrangement.

page_text: And in order that my said Invention may be more clearly understood
I shall now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for
that purpose shall refer to the Figures on the annexed Sheet of Drawings,
the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all the
Figures.
Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of a smaller sized boiler or
hot water circulator constructed according to my said Invention.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section thereof taken along the line 1, 2, in
Figure 1. Figure 3 is an enlarged horizontal section showing the
mode of arranging and joining together the loose tubes at the corner or
angle of the fire space or chamber for boilers of larger sizes; and Figures
4, 5, and 6 are details of one of the said tubes detached.
a, a, are the several tubes having a hollow boss b cast thereon at
both the ends, which tubes are combined together or built up so as to
form a fire space or chamber A of any desired dimensions. The several
bosses of the tubes are all made to a given gauge and are faced perfectly
true, so as to form face joints only when held together by the long
bolts c which pass through each series or row of bosses as shewn more
clearly in Figure 3. These joints are made water-tight by coating
the faces with fireproof cement before screwing up the bolts, the
corner tubes a¹ and the bosses b¹ thereof are made rather larger than
the rest in order to afford facility for adopting the bosses of the two
adjoining rows of vertical tubes to the two flat sides or faces of the
larger bosses as shewn clearly in Figure 3. It will thus be seen
that no two or more tubes in my improved boiler are permanently
secured together, but that each tube is separately and individually
built in or combined with the rest up to any number of tubes according
to the size of boiler required, the joints between the tubes being
plain face joints coated with fireproof cement. The several bosses
being made hollow a free communication or circulation of the water
between the various tubes is insured.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider
to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured
to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the

page_text: constructing of boilers for heating purposes in the peculiar manner
erein-before described and illustrated by my Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Bower, have to this my
Specification hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth
day of December, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.
GEO. BOWER. (L.S.)