IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHER STRUCTURES OR PLACES."
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ernst Körting, of Hanover, in the German
Empire, and of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
⚫ for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS
FOR VENTILATING RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHER STRUCTURES OR PLACES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ernst Körting at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th October 1874.
I, ERNST KÕRTING, of Hanover, in the German Empire, and of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF ANd
APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHER STRUCTURES OR
PLACES," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object the employment and construction of
apparatus in which the resistance offered by the air to the progress or
forward movement of a train is utilized for the production of a current
which shall form a jet, which shall pass through a nozzle connected

page_text: with a series of differential nozzles of a graduated increasing diameter
for the purpose of exhausting or expelling vitiated air in carriages or
other structures in order to ventilate the same.
In this apparatus an actuating nozzle is used, through which the
actuating current is discharged into and through a second nozzle of
larger sectional area or dimension of passage, which communicates with
the interior of the carriage or space or place to be ventilated. A
diverging tube facilitates the exit of the air into the atmosphere. A
vane is fitted on the end of the diverging tube in such a manner that
the action of the current on the vane shall keep the discharge mouth of
the actuating nozzle always towards the current, the apparatus being
caused to turn freely on an axis or pivot. The current of air issuing
from the actuating nozzle and passing through the next nozzle, which is
of increased sectional area, produces suction in the chamber which
communicates with the carriage, and is discharged, together with the
vitiated air drawn in from the carriage, through the diverging tube..
Care must be taken to prevent the undue entry of external air
between the stationary appliances on the carriage and the rotating
portion of the ventilating or air apparatus. For this purpose two pipes
fitted concentrically and telescopically are employed, one being attached
to the railway carriage and the other to the ventilating apparatus, but
they are not in actual contact, so that the free play or rotation of the
moveable part of the apparatus is not interfered with.
The arrangements as applied to a train may be applied in like manner
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Ernst Körting in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 12th April 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ERNST
KORTING, of Hanover, in the German Empire, and of Manchester, in 8
the County of Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS For most volont Mo
47

page_text: our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Ernst Körting, Her special license
that I, the said Ernst Körting, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Ernst Körting, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MODE OF AND APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHER
STRUCTURES OR PLACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Ernst Körting, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ernst Körting, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the accom-
panying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is
to say :-
My Invention has for its object the employment and construction of
apparatus in which the resistance offered by the air to the progress or
forward movement of a train is utilized for the production of a current
which shall form a jet, which shall pass through a nozzle connected
with a series of differential nozzles of graduated increasing diameter for
the purpose of exhausting or expelling vitiated air in carriages or other
structures in order to ventilate the same.
In this apparatus an actuating nozzle is used, through which the
actuating current is discharged into and through a second nozzle of
larger sectional area or dimension of passage, which communicates with
3the interior of the carriage or space or place to be ventilated. A
diverging tube facilitates the exit of the air into the atmosphere. A
vane is fitted on the end of the diverging tube in such a manner that the
Action of the current on the vane shall keep the discharge mouth of the

page_text: actuating nozzle always towards the current, the apparatus being caused
to turn freely on an axis or pivot. The current of air issuing from the.
actuating nozzle and passing through. the next, nozzle, which is of
increased sectional area, produces suction in the chamber which com-
municates with the carriage, and is discharged, together with the:
vitiated: air drawn in from the carriage, through the diverging tube.
:
Care must be taken to prevent the undue entry of external air
between the stationary appliances on the carriage and the rotating
portion of the ventilating or air apparatus. For this purpose two pipes
fitted concentrically and telescopically are employed, one being attached
to the railway carriage and the other to the ventilating apparatus, but
they are not in actual contact, so that the free play or rotation of the
moveable part of the apparatus is not interfered with.
The arrangements as applied to a train may be applied in like manner
to other structures or places.
I proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings
apparatus constructed according to my Invention.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the apparatus.
a is the actuating
nozzle, of which the front opening is always kept opposed to the then pre-
vailing current of air; b is the mixing nozzle of the driving jet issuing.
from the nozzle a with the air contained in the casing and in com-
munication with the interior of the carriage on which the apparatus is
mounted; o is a diverging tube to facilitate the exit of the air from the
nozzle b; d is a vane fixed on the diverging tube; e is a pivot held by
the cross pieces of centrally in the cylindrical piece 9 fastened by a.
flange, and screws to the carriage roof k. The whole of the upper
structure is balanced by the weight m on this pivot e, round which it is
allowed to turn easily, being kept in its place by a bearing and by a
ring or short cylindrical piece h made in a piece. with the casing. and
fitting closely round the piece g, but not preventing free movement.
By means of the vane d the actuating nozzle is always kept opposite to
the then prevailing current of air, and by the lateral action of the air jet
issuing from the nozzle a on the air in the casing and in the nozzle b
a continuous current of air issuing from the interior of the carriage is
obtained and discharges together with the actuating jet from the
diverging tube c.
1.

page_text: Having now described the nature of the said Invention and in what
manner the same may be performed, I declare that I claim, the employ-
ment, arrangement, and construction of ventilators provided with an
actuating nozzle, a combining nozzle, and a diverging tube and vane,
actuated or worked substantially as described and for the purposes and
in the manner set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ernst Körting, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
Witness,
DONAT RUBEN.
E. KÖRTING. (L.S.)