THE APPLICATION OF CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF BAR IRON TO PURPOSES WHERE GREAT STRENGTH OR STIFFNESS IS REQUIRED
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Clay, of Liverpool, in the County of Lan-
caster, Iron Manufacturer, for the Invention of "THE APPLICATION OF
CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF BAR IRON TO PURPOSES WHERE GREAT STRENGTH OR
STIFFNESS IS REQUIRED."
Sealed the 14th. August 1855, and dated the 15th June 1855.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Clay at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th June.
1855.
I, WILLIAM CLAY, of Liverpool, in the County for Lancaster, Iron Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE.
APPLICATION OF CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF BAR IRON TO PURPOSES WHERE GREAT
STRENGTH OR STIFFNESS IS REQUIRED" to be as follows:-
Bar iron of angular, concave, convex and other sectional forms has been
used for various purposes, such as for bracing or strengthening wooden or other
structures, but it has hitherto been rolled with parallel sides, that is, of the
same section throughout. Now, the present Invention relates to the applica-
tion of this kind of bar iron, after being rolled to a taper form, to various
purposes where strength and stiffness are required. By this means I am
enabled, with an economy in the weight of metal employed, to give great.

page_text: strength to the bar at that part where the greatest strain may be expected,
and to present a thinner. or lighter part of the bar to the lesser or more
diffused portion of the weight which the bar is intended to withstand.
The sectional forms of the taper bars which will be found most convenient
for general purposes are, angle iron, T iron, double T iron, and single or double
grooved or channel bar iron, but other sections may also be made if thought
desirable.
The purposes to which I chiefly intend to apply this taper bar iron are for
ships' knees, beams for ships or other structures, corner pieces for railway
waggons, or any wooden structure where two pieces or beams of wood are
morticed or attached to each other, and form an angle or corner. Bar iron
made in this manner may also be employed for wrought-iron beams or girders,
or ribs for wooden or iron ships, and also for making wrought-iron spokes for
railway wheels.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Clay in the Great Seal Patent Office. on the 15th
December 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CLAY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Iron Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Clay, Her special license that I, the said William Clay, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Clay, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "THE APPLICATION OF CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OP
BAR IRON TO PURPOSES WHERE GREAT STRENGTH OR STIFFNESS IS REQUIRED," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Clay, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain, the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was

page_text: to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
1.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Clay, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon (that is to say):
=
Bar iron of angular, concave, convex, and other sectional forms, such as
Tiron, trough or channel iron, and double T iron, has been used for various
purposes, such as for bracing or strengthening, wooden or other structures, but
it has hitherto been rolled with parallel sides; that is, of the same section
throughout.. Now, the present Invention relates to the application of this
kind of bar iron, after being rolled to a taper form, to various purposes where
strength and stiffness are required. By this means I am enabled, with an
economy, in the weight of metal employed, to give great strength to the bar at
that part where the greatest strain may be expected, and to present a thinner
or lighter part of the bar to the lesser or more diffused portion of the weight
which the bar is intended to withstand.
The sectional forms of the taper bars which will be found most convenient
for general purposes are angle iron, T iron, double T iron, and single or
double grooved or channel bar iron, but other sections may also be made if
thought desirable.
..
In the accompanying Drawing, at Fig. 1, I have shewn a bar of Tiron
suitable for a ship's knee, and made according to my improvements. In this
Figure the bar is made to taper from end to end. Fig. 2 represents an elevation
of a bar in which the bar tapers from the middle towards both ends; Fig. 3
represents a bar in which a certain length is made parallel and the remainder
tapering. In Fig. 4 the bar is made with the central portion parallel and
tapering gradually from thence to the two ends.
cation of the bars above described. In place of
bar increase in thickness, as in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, I make this part of
the same thickness and strength throughout, but the vertical rib or feather is
gradually tapered and increases in height towards that part where in applying
the bar the greatest strain is expected to come.
Fig. 5 represents a modifi-
making the flat part of the
I would observe that an infinite variety of sections of bar iron may be made
upon my improved plan herein set forth for giving additional strength with
the same quantity of material that has been heretofore used; I do not, there-
fore, intend to confine myself to any particular section; but in the accompanying

page_text: Drawing, at Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, and 19, I
have given Diagrams of different forms or sections which may be used for
various purposes if required.
The purposes to which I chiefly intend to apply my improved taper bar iron
are for ships' knees, beams for ships or other structures, corner pieces for rail-
way waggons, or any wooden structure where two pieces or beams of wood
are mortised or attached to each other, and form an angle or corner. Bar iron
made in this manner may also be employed for wrought iron beams or girders,
or ribs for wooden or iron ships, and also for making wrought-iron spokes for
railway wheels.
Having described my Invention, I claim, in conclusion, the application to the
purposes aforesaid, or others where great strength or stiffness is required, of
angle iron, T iron, double Tiron, and single or double grooved or channel bar
iron, rolled in such a manner as to taper or gradually increase or diminish in
sectional area from one point of its length to another, so that one part may
be made thicker and stronger than another, for the purpose above explained.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Clay, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Fifteenth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
WILLIAM CLAY. (L.S.)..
T