Improvements in Shedding and Shuttle-box Operating Mechanisms of Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 6th Dec., 1889-Accepted, 11th Jan., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shedding and Shuttle-box Operating Mechanisms
of Looms for Weaving.
We, RICHARD LONGDEN HATTERSLEY of Keighley in the County of York, Machine
Maker, and JAMES HILL of the same place, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows, that is to say:—
It relates to improvements in shedding and shuttle-box-operating mechanisms of
looms for weaving and consists firstly of arranging and constructing the pattern
mechanism and parts in connection therewith, that are employed for controlling and
effecting changes in the movements of the heddles, in such a manner that fewer
pattern cards or lattices are required for producing certain patterns or designs in
the material being woven, than it has been necessary heretofore to employ.
This invention has especial reference to that type of shedding inechanism well
known as "Hattersley's dobby," however a portion of it may be employed for any of
such shedding mechanisms as permit the use of lattices having two rows of indicating
pegs in each lattice or lag for indicating or effecting two separate changes of the
heddles at different times.
We attain the object of this invention by making use of supplementary pattern
mechanism in addition to the usual and well known primary pattern mechanism, and
these said supplementary and primary pattern mechanisins are so coupled or joined
together that the actions of the one may be controlled by the pattern surface of the
other.
Instead of the primary pattern cylinder being made to move or intermittently rotate
and bring each one of its pattern lags into effective operation in succession, as it does in
an ordinary way, means are employed, such as ratchet and wheel or any of the well
known methods, for causing it to move two lags at each time in this manner only
bringing every aternate lag into effective operation successively, so that the indicating
pegs in one of these series of alternate lags may be arranged to produce a design of a
totally different nature or description to the design produced by the primary indicating
pegs in the other series of lags.
By the employment of appropriately operating parts in connection with this primary
cylinder, such as one or two of the needles with its or their respective catch or catches
and a suitably formed lever attachment to the baulk carrying those catches, and a
portion of the pattern surface of said primary cylinder, intermittent rotary motion at
predetermined intervals is imparted to the supplementary cylinder the pattern surface
of which is so arranged as to control and determine the movements of the primary
cylinder in such a manner that at predetermined times of its movements, it changes,
by means of rendering one portion imperative and the other operative, the actions of
said primary cylinder so that the one series of its alternately operating lags which
were in effective operation are rendered ineffective while the other series are placed
into effective operation, in this manner effecting the object desired, in as much as these
pattern surfaces may be so arranged that the design on one of the series of alternately
effective lags may be repeated as often as desired, such as for producing or making
the border of a handkerchief and then thrown out of operation, while the other series is
used to produce the body part of the design in said handkerchief in contradistinction to
the employment of a long continuous chain of lags for producing said handkerchief.
The second part of our invention consists of the arrangement of means for effecting
the object hereinbefore described, when the above described shedding mechanism is
used in connection with a loom having rotary shuttle-boxes, and said object is attained
by making use of the pattern mechanism which is usually employed for controlling
the movements of the shuttle-box, instead of the herein before described supplementary
pattern mechanism.

page_text: We preferably make use of an arrangement of pattern mechanism for controlling
the movements of the shuttle-box, that may be mounted in an appropriate position at
the front part of the loom and of easy access to the weaver. Also of pattern mechanism
wherein the cylinder has vertically oscillatory in addition to its ordinary intermittent
rotary motion.
Two of the lovers upon which the pattern cards operate, are coupled, by means of
two slotted rods, to two arms of a three armed lever mounted upon suitable bearings,
the third arm of which is coupled by suitable parts, to effect the desired changes in the
operations of the pattern mechanism in the shedding motion, as will be well understood.
The two slotted rods are employed and arranged in connection with the two arms
of the three armed lever above described, in such a manner that the position of rest
of said three armed lever may be more accurately determined.
The weaver may arrest the rotary motion of the shuttle-box pattern card cylinder
whenever desired, by adjusting a sinall lever to hold the operating catch out of gear
with its catch-wheel.
The levers upon which the pattern cards operate and which are employed for
effecting changes in the position of the shuttle box, are coupled by appropriately
formed connecting rods and levers to the box operating levers.
The third part of our invention consists of arranging and constructing the bowls
and parts in connection therewith, that are employed for guiding and supporting the
straps which are attached to and join, the upper edges of the heddles to the operating
levers in the shedding mechanisın, in such a manner that while said straps may be
made and used considerably broader and substantial, yet the lateral space for the
heddles is not increased.
This we attain by dividing each of said series of bowls in to two series, one portion
of these divided series being arranged to be somewhat above the other so that double
the lateral space for each bowl is thus secured. And by arranging the flange part of
each bowl in the one portion of said series to be opposite the grooved part of its
neighbour bowl in the other portion, ample space is afforded for the extending of the
straps above described somewhat parallel with each other.
The fourth part of our invention consists of so arranging and constructing the levers
and parts employed, in connection with that class of shedding mechanisms well known
as "non-positive," for effecting the reverse motion of the heddles to that which is
effected by said non-positive mechanism, the same being usually the downward move-
ment, that though sufficient power, is imparted to those levers by means of springs,
for effecting said downward movements of the heddles in the most desirable manner,.
that is by exercising said power with the greatest advantage when said heddles are in
their lowest positions and decreasing said influence as said heddls are raised, yet all
said operating levers are retained in one and the same horizontal plane and within the
lateral space of the heddles.
This we attain by arranging, and forming each alternate lever so that it may be
operated by a supplementary lever to which the operating spring is attached by which
means though the operating levers are all in one and the same plane yet we are
enabled to place the springs in two series one above the other, so that the whole are
more compact and their operations are more efficient.
Dated this 4th day of March 1889.
RICH. L. HATTERSLEY.
JAMES HILL.

page_text: COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shedding and Shuttle-box Operating Mechanisms
of Looms for Weaving.
We, RICHARD LONGDEN HATTERSLEY of Keighley in the County of York, Machine
Maker, and JAMES HILL of the same place, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statenient, that is to say:-
It relates to improvements in shedding and shuttle-box-operating mechanisms of
looms for weaving and consists of arranging and constructing the pattern mechanism
and parts in connection therewith, that are employed for controlling and effecting
changes in the movements of the heddles and the shuttle-boxes, in such a mauner
that fewer cards or lattices are required for producing certain patterns or designs in
the material being woven, than it has been necessary heretofore to employ.
Another part of our invention in connection with these shedding mechanisms consists
of arranging and constructing the bowls and parts in connection therewith that are
employed for guiding and supporting the straps which are attached to, so as to join,
the upper edges of the heddles to their operating levers in said shedding mechanism,
in such a manner that while said straps may be made and used considerably broader
yet the lateral space for the heddles is not increased.
Our invention further extends to an improved arrangement and construction of the
levers and parts employed in connection with that class of shedding mechanisms well
known as
"non-positive," for the purpose of effecting the reverse motion of the
heddles to that which is effected by said non-positive mechanism, the same being
usually the downward movement, and is of such a nature that though efficient power
is imparted to those levers by means of springs for effecting said downward movement
of the heddles in the most desirable manner, that is by exercising said power with the
greatest advantage when said heddles are in their lowest positions and decreasing said
influence as said heddles are raised, yet all said operating levers are retained in one
and the same horizontal plane and within the lateral space of the heddles.
Hereunto appended are sheets of drawings illustrative of this invention to which,
y figures and letters, reference is made in the following description.
Fig. 1 is end-clevation of a sufficient portion of a loom having rotary shuttle-boxes,
as also shedding mechanism to illustrate the application thereto of one portion of our
invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a portion of the mechanism shown by fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a
side view of the shedding mechanism with its pattern cylinder operating and other
parts arranged in accordance with our invention. Fig. 4 is top view of certain of
the parts shewn by fig. 3. Figs. 3 and 4 are of enlarged scale.
Fig. 5 is front elevation of a portion of a loom illustrating the application of the
other part of our invention.
Fig. 6 is top view of the upper parts shewn by fig. 5, and fig. 7 is top view of the
lower parts shewn by said fig. 5.
Like letters and figures of reference indicate like parts throughout the several
views.
The object of the first part of this invention is attained by making the pattern
cylinder A, which is the one employed for governing or controlling the movements of
the shuttle-box control or govern the movements of the pattern mechanism B, which
is the one employed for controlling the movements of the shedding mechanism.
For this purpose the pattern cylinder b of the pattern mechanism B, is made to
rotate and bring each alternate lag e or d into effective operation in succession in
contra-distinction to bringing each one of its said lags c e successively into operation,
as is usually the case, by which means the indicating pegs d, in one of these series of
lags (say c) may be arranged to produce a design of a totally different nature or
description to the design produced by the pegs in the other series (say c³), as for
example say the series of lags c has its pegs d'arranged to produce the body part of

page_text: a handkerchief, shawl or the like, the other series e' may have its pegs d arranged to
produce the border parts of said handkerchief etc. as will readily be understood.
. To effect the rotation of the cylinder as above described, two catch wheels e and e'
are mounted upon said cylinder's shaft instead of only one wheel being employed
as is usual in the ordinary way, however the number of teeth in both these wheels taken
together is only the same as the number of teeth in a wheel usually employed, so that
when the ratchet for f', which is mounted upon so as to reciprocate with the operating
lever g, is placed or allowed to fall into gear with its wheel e or el respectively, as said
ratchet is moved in the ordinary manner which is well known, iis said wheel will he
rotated through a space double that which it is moved in the usual way as will readily
be understood and by which each alternate lag is brought into operation in succession
as is desired.
In order to hold the ratchets fand f' out of operation as may be desired, the levers /
and are mounted upon the framework C and their outwardly extending ends are
formed and made to reach over their respective wheels e and e¹ in such a manner that
when either of these levers or is raised, it lifts its respective ratchet for f¹ out.
of gear with its wheel e or e¹ while at the same time it allows its said ratchet for f'
as it reciprocates to slide freely over it.
As it is always necessary when one of these ratchets for fis in gear that the other
should be out of gear, a boss k, having fingers k¹ k², is mounted so as to rotate about
its centre and bring one or the other of its said fingers k¹ or ², which are arranged in
such relative positions on said boss & that when one is in a vertical position the other
is somewhat in a horizontal position, into position for raising on or the other of their
respective levers or (the finger is shewn as holding the lever in its raised
position while the finger k² is in such a position as to allow its lever ' to be in its
lowered position, so that its ratchet is allowed to fail in gear with its wheel e¹).
To the boss is attached the arm 3 which is coupled by the rod to the arm m¹ of
the three armed lever m, see figs. 1. and 14 to the other arms m² and m³ of which are
loosely coupled the rods n and respectively, these said rods n and n¹ extending to be
joined to the levers o and o¹ respectively so that they may be operated by these said
levers o and o¹ when and as same may be operated by the pattern cards on the pattern
cylinder A, said levers o and o¹ together with the pattern cylinder A and its operating
mechanism being old and their several functions well understood.
From the foregoing it will readily be understood that the pattern mechanism at A
might be arranged by being made to operate one or the other of its levers o and o¹ so
as to pull the rod as also the arm 3 of the boss k into their lowest positions down-
ward or to push said rod etc. into their highest positions upwards, to effect the
necessary changes in the operating ratchets and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.
The rods n and n¹ have their outer ends, which operate in connection with the arms
of the lever m, slotted, so that the position of rest of said lever m may be more
accurately determined, or in other words since these rods n n' always assume a normal
position when at rest the connecting pins operating in their slots, prevent one or the
other of said rods from pulling or causing said levers to move further than desired,
each of said pins being arrested when it has reached the extremity of its slot into
which position it has been moved by the other being drawn by its rod n or n¹.
The other levers 02 03 that are employed for effecting changes in the position of
the shuttle-box a, are coupled by the rods to the levers s s' which are mounted
so as to operate the common and well known catches 2 that are attached to the box
lever for the purpose of operating said box a.
As is here shewn we preferably make use of the kind of pattern mechanism A
that may be mounted in the position shewn relative with the front of the loom so as
to be of easy access to the weaver. Again we employ the well known arrangement
of mechanism for imparting motion to the cylinder A which is made to rise and fall
as well as rotate, although other pattern mechanisms at present in use may be
arranged so as to be employed for operating the lever armas will readily be
understood.

page_text: The second part of our invention is attained by dividing each of the series of
bowls D and E into two series, one portion tort of these divided series being
arranged to be somewhat higher or above the other portion t² or t³ so that double
the lateral space is allowed for each bowl. The flange parts of each bowl in
any one of the divided series and t¹or 2 and 3 is arranged to fall opposite the
grooved part of its neighbour bowl in the other division of the sanie whole series,
by these means ample space is afforded for an increase in the strength of the straps &
as also for extending said straps e parallel with each other.
The third part of our invention is attained by forming and arranging each alternate
lever in each of the series of levers F and G so that it may be operated by a supple-
mentary lever to which lever the operating spring is attached, while the other
alternate levers y are operated by their springs being attached directly to them,
in this manner although the levers and y, in each series F and G, are all in one
and the same plane yet we are enabled to place the springs and in two series one
above the other, so that the whole arrangement of parts is more compact and the
operation of each part is facilitated and every part is made to perform its functions
with precision.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. The mechanism herein described whereby the pattern cylinder A is enabled to
control the movements of the pattern mechanism B substantially as and for the purposes
specified.
2. The rods, the levers o² o³, the levers ssl and the catch s² in combination the
same being arranged substantially as specified.
3. The pattern cylinder, the wheels e e¹, the ratchets ff', the lever g, the
levers, the boss k having fingers and the arm A, the rod l, the lever m, the
slotted rods n n' and pattern mechanism such as at A for operating the box k sub-
stantially as and for the purposes specified.
4. The arrangement of the double series of bowls or pulleyst t² and t¹³ substantially
as herein set forth and for the purposes specified.
5. The levers w and their operating levers w³, the levers y-and-the springs and
in combination the same being arranged to operate substantially as herein set forth
and for the purposes specified.
Dated this 5th day of December 1889.
RICHD. I HATTERSLET
JAMES HILL.
Per Samuel Hey,
Agent.