AN IMPROVED ANTI-FOULING AND PRESERVATIVE COMPOSITION FOR COATING PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATIONPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Potts Scott, of Bell Street, Westoc, South Shields,
Manufacturer, and Thomas Davey Donaldson, of Gateshead Road, Jarrow on
Tyne, Engineer, both in the County of Durham, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED ANTI-FOULING AND PRESERVATIVE COMPOSITION FOR COATING
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Potts Scott and
Thomas Davey Donaldson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 29th April 1880.
HENRY POTTS SCOTT, of Bell Street, Westoe, South Shields, Manufacturer, and
THOMAS DAVEY DONALDSON, of Gateshead Road, Jarrow on Tyne, Engineer, both
in the County of Durham. "AN IMPROVED ANTI-FOULING AND PRESERVATIVE
COMPOSITION FOR COATING SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES."
This Invention relates to an improved composition to be applied to ships' bottoms
and other submerged surfaces for the purpose of preserving them against barnacles
and marine growth, and it consists of the following ingredients or their equivalents,
viz. 1, alcohol or other spirit; 2, resin; 3, gum kauri; 4, aloes; 5, Stockholm
or other tar or tars; 6, oxide of iron or other colouring matter; 7, pulverized
graphite or other carbon; 8, strychnos beans or seed, either in the form of powder
extract or solution; aconite, either in the form of powder extract or solution.
These ingredients are treated in the ordinary manner of preparing spirit paints,
that is to say, the resins and gums are dissolved in the spirit and then the other
ingredients are added either separately or together, and thoroughly mixed there-
with, when the composition will be ready for use.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Potts Scott and Thomas Davey Donaldson in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 28th October 1880.
HENRY POTTS SCOTT, of Bell Street, Westoe, South Shields, Manufacturer, and
THOMAS DAVEY DONALDSON, of Gateshead Road, Jarrow on Tyne, Engineer, both
in the County of Durham. "AN IMPROVED ANTI-FOULING AND PRESERVATIVE
COMPOSITION FOR COATING SHIPS' BOTTOMS AND OTHER SUBMERGED SURFACES."
This Invention relates to an improved carbonized composition to be applied to
ships' bottoms and other submerged surfaces for the purpose of preserving them
from fouling or corrosion, and protecting them against barnacles and marine growth,
and it consists in first incorporating pulverized wood charcoal (carbon) with the
ordinary mixtures or compounds employed for the preservation of ships' bottoms
and of other submerged surfaces for the purposes of preserving them from fouling
or corrosion, and protecting them against barnacles and marine growth.
2nd. In the production of carbonized compositions for the before mentioned
purposes either by incorporating pulverized wood charcoal (carbon) with common
resin, resinous gum, tar, or pitch, or mixtures of the same dissolved in alcohol or
other spirit, together with aconite, either pulverized or in the form of extract or
solution, or by incorporating pulverized wood charcoal (carbon) with boiled linseed
oil, tar, or other analogous substance, and turpentine or other spirit. To give
colour to these compositions pigments may be added, such, for example, as oxide of
iron.
We have found that the valuable properties of charcoal (carbon), such as its
property of not being affected by atmosphere, water, or chemicals (hence when
employed under water or underground not liable to decomposition), and its property
of furnishing no soluble matter for fermentation, or consequently for food to
animalcules (hence repelling barnacles and other parasites by offering no induce-
ment for attachment), also its property of removing offensive smells from animal
and vegetable substances and counteracting their putrefaction, as well as its
unparalled property of incorruptibility, and being a good non-conductor of heat,
can be made available for many practical purposes.
In the manufacture of our improved carbonized compositions the charcoal of the
heavier woods, as that of the oak, beech, walnut, and chestnut is preferable, and that
for the purpose of uniformity of quality charcoal should be employed which has
been made from wood previously divested of its bark.
The modes in which we prefer to practice our Invention are as follows:-The
charcoal is first finely pulverized and then thoroughly heated to expel all moisture.
We then take the following ingredients or their equivalents, viz. :-
Alcohol or other spirit
-
4 parts.
Total 13 parts.
These ingredients or their equivalents are treated in the ordinary manner of
preparing spirit paints, that is to say, the resins and gums are dissolved in the
spirit, and then the other ingredients are added either separately or together, and
thoroughly mixed therewith, when the composition will be ready for use.
The second mode by which we form a carbonized composition is to incorporate 5
pulverized wood charcoal (carbon) with linseed or other oil which is in a boiling

page_text: condition over a slow fire at the time of incorporation until the mixture is of a
creamy consistence. To this charcoal and oil mixture is then added (say, 25 to
30 per cent.) Stockholm or other tar, or other analogous substance; then let the
mixture boil for a limited period until thoroughly incorporated; then let it cool,
and mix it with sufficient turpentine or other spirit until it is of a proper con-
sistence, so as to be applicable with a brush. It is then ready for use, forming an
economical carbonized anti-corrosive and anti-fouling composition.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is and may be performed, we would have it clearly understood that we do
not limit ourselves to any precise proportions of ingredients forming our improved
carbonized anti-fouling compositions or mode of mixing them, as such may be
varied according to the temperature or other circumstances as found desirable in
practice, nor do we wholly confine ourselves to the ingredients above specified,
but may use equivalents, such, for example, as pitch instead of tar, or even with
it, the pitch having substantially the same effect in the preparation as the tar,
but what we do claim is,-
1st. The use and application of the before mentioned carbonized compositions
for coating ships' bottoms and other submerged surfaces composed of the ingredients
herein specified, or their equivalents combined as herein set forth, or in any
suitable mode or manner, and with or without the incorporation of colouring
matter.
2nd. The employment of pulverized wood charcoal (carbon), as in anti-fouling
and preservative ingredient, in any description of composition or paint for coating
ships' bottoms and other submerged surfaces.
In witness whereof, we, the said Henry Potts Scott and Thomas Davey
Donaldson, we have hereunto set our hands and seals, this 27th day of
October, 1880.
HENRY POTTS SCOTT.
(L.S.)
THOMAS DAVEY DONALDSON. (L.S.)