IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS FOR BUILDING PURPOSES
Year: 1885

page_text: I HERMANN WIESEN of the town of Holle in the Kingdom of Prussia and
German Empire, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BRICKS FOR BUILDING PURPOSES, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of bricks for building
purposes of novel and original form for producing walls of better appearance and
greater stability and also for obtaining a better hold for the mortar, cement or
other material.
The improved brick is plain on two of its edges or lateral surfaces and recessed
on the remaining two edges or lateral surfaces. The upper and lower surfaces are
also recessed in such manner that the form of recess cavity or depression is divided
into two or four like parts and are further provided with holes or perforations
which run direct through the entire thickness of the brick.
Figure 1 is the plan or top view of a piece of a wall formed of my bricks.
Figure 2 is the vertical section of a piece of masonry on the same system.
Figure 3 represents the top view of a second piece of unfinished masonry and
. Figure 4 is a vertical section of the same.
The method of manufacture differs from the ordinary brick making as the said
bricks leave the first form with the recess a already formed in the same after
which the so formed bricks are transferred to a second press the base plate and
cover of which is provided with the negative of the design to be pressed into the
brick so as to produce the cavities or depressions b with the angular extensions c
and the holes or perforations d.
It will be evident that this second pressing increases the density of the brick as
the material removed from the cavities or depressions 6 and the holes d is pressed
into the remaining mass.
If the bricks are piled up for being burnt they no longer touch each other with
their entire surface but only at those parts e which are not depressed and which
consequently stand up higher than the said depressions a from which it will be
readily seen that a current of air can circulate freely between the layers of bricks
and in this manner all deformation of the bricks in burning is avoided,

page_text: Bricks made on my improved system have further the advantage that a new
form of break joint is produced. In building, the bricks are simply laid side by
side so that a plain edge makes joint with an edge provided with a recess a-In
laying the second layer of bricks the workman need only pay attention to the
recesses c in order to lay the bricks to a quarter, half or three parts whereby one
or two holes d will always come above a cavity or depression a.
Mortar or cement is poured into all three holes of each stone so that not only the
cavities or depressions b but also the recesses a are so filled out that the mortar in
the holes d is in connection with all and every layer of bricks.
It will be evident that according to this system of bricklaying the ordinary
joints formed by the layer of mortar is avoided and that the surfaces of the bricks
are in absolute snug contact with each other.
If it is not thought advisable to use fluid mortar the holes d can be dispensed
with and the mortar applied to the depressions b and recesses a.
In laying bricks on this system a very great saving of time is attained as the
bricklayer has only to look to the divisional angular recesses c in order to lay the
bricks correctly and bring surface to surface, consequently need not measure out
the same or apply the plumb line. It will be seen that as soon as the workmen
have got accustomed to laying bricks without mortar joints a much neater wall
will be produced, a much superior material employed, the symmetrical division of
the bricks by the recesses c will enable the workmen to work much quicker and
more exactly and that the pouring in of the mortar into the corresponding holes d,
depressions or cavities b and recesses a will produce a much more durable wall than
with, the ordinary system of laying and that the bricks are absolutely secured
against lateral movement.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The manufacture application and employment of bricks for building purposes
characterised by the arrangement of the recesses a on two sides of the brick the
depressions or cavities b with the symmetrical cavities or recesses c in the upper and
lower surfaces and the holes or perforations d running through the entire stone and
being in communication with the recesses a and cavities b'substantially as described
in the foregoing specification and shown in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this.15th day of October 1885.
Witnesses,
OTTO WOLFF.
RUDOLF SCHMIDT.
HERMANN WIESEN.