of and Apparatus for the Production of Hollow Glass Articles.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Oct., 1899
Complete Specification Left 3rd July 1900-Accented
8th Sont
4060
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Process of and Apparatus for the Production of Hollow Glass Articles.
I, PAUL THEODOR SIEVERT, of 43, Eisenstuck Strasse, Dresden, in the Empire
of Germany, Glass Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:
-
In my application for a Patent No. 2094, dated 30th January 1899, a process
and an apparatus are described by which hollow glass articles are produced, a
layer of glass being first brought onto a perforated plate, such glass layer being
held fast on said plate at the base lines of the hollow article to be produced, by
means of shape-giving frames or hollow moulds, and driven up by a pressure
medium.
A disadvantage, however, has occurred in many cases, from the contact of the
glass mass with the frame or mould, cooling the glass too rapidly. The con-
sequence of this is that a sort of irregular thickening is produced during the
blowing process, at the base lines of the hollow body or article, which, when
manufacturing thick-sided articles, is of no harm, but is often, on the other hand,
desirable. When, however, manufacturing articles with thin sides.-for instance,
tumblers or other table glass,-
,-an excess of glass material is used, to the detri-
ment of the article produced.
The same disadvantage arises when jointed frames are employed for the
pouring of the necessary amount of molten glass onto the slab or plate.
The present invention does away with this disadvantage, and, at the same time,
allows of a considerable simplification of the process, and also of the apparatus
employed.
With this view, the shape giving frames which hold the glass mass securely
on the perforated slab or plate, are specially, and to such an extent, heated, that
the glass mass sticks to the frames,--that is to say, at the base lines of the
articles to be produced, in the same way as the glass mass does to the heated
"head" of a glass-blower's tube, when commencing to blow out the glass.
In carrying out my invention, I may heat the shaping frame either by insertion
in a furnace, or by jet flames, or by an electric current; the latter I prefer, as
it is more amenable to the exigencies of the case.
This means of securing the adhesion of the glass layer to the shaping apparatus,
greatly simplifies the operation of shaping glass articles, according to the principle
embodied in my above mentioned application for patent protection, and applies
chiefly in the case of the elastic pressure being delivered above the glass layer.
Dated this 26th day of October 1899.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Process of and Apparatus for the Production of Hollow Glass Articles.
I, PAUL THEODOR SIEVERT, of 43, Eisenstuck Strasse, Dresden, in the Empire
of Germany, Glass Manufacturer, uo hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In the application for English Patent No. 2094, dated 30th January 1899, a
process and an apparatus are described by which hollow glass articles are pro-
duced, a layer of glass being first brought onto a perforated plate, such glass
layer being held fast on said plate, at the base lines of the hollow article to be
produced, by means of shape-giving frames or moulds, and driven up by a
pressure medium.
A disadvantage, however, has occurred in many cases, from the contact of
the glass mass with the frame or mould causing the glass to cool too rapidly.
The consequence of this is, that a sort of irregular thickening is produced, during
the blowing process, at the base lines of the hollow body or article, which, when
manufacturing thick-sided articles, is of no harm, but is often, on the other hand,
desirable. When, however, manufacturing articles with thin sides,-for instance,
cylinders for sheet glass, an excess of glass material is used, to the detriment of
the article produced. The same disadvantage arises when jointed frames are
employed for the pouring of the necessary amount of molten glass onto the slab
or plate.
The present invention does away with this disadvantage, and, at the same time,
allows of a considerable simplification of the process, and also of the apparatus
employed.
With this view, the shape-giving frames which hold the glass mass securely
on the perforated slab or plate, are specially and to such an extent, heated, that
the glass mass sticks to the frames, that is to say, at the base lines of the articles
to be produced, in the same way as the glass mass does to the heated head of a
glass blower's tube, when commencing to blow out the glass.
There will, in this way, be no sticking of the glass mass to the plate in the
form of folds or grooves, such as was a condition of the carrying out of previous
methods (see the drawings relating to Patents Nos. 2094 & 10963 of 1899).
In further explanation of the invention, I will now refer to the accompanying
drawings.
Figs. 1 show a perforated slab a, fitted at its margin with a heated frame f,
within which lies the glass layer e, and the dotted lines e¹ represent the blown-
up glass body (held fast on the heated frame).
The loosening of the produced hollow glass body from the frame follows in
the known manner, either by breaking off or lifting off with a wet thread laid
around it.
The heating of the frame f may be effected either through insertion in a
furnace, by jet flames, or, better still, by the use of an electric current.
The latter method of heating is the least troublesome and offers the very great
advantage, that not only is the necessary temperature quickly produced at the
exact place at which it is required, but it may also be maintained at the same
height, or raised, if required, during the glass-blowing process. This renders
possible the repeated heating of the glass mass sticking to the frame during the
process of blowing, and the consequent employment of the same in the manu-
facture of the hollow articles, to the extent required for the articles on the
frame. The temperature of the frame is also capable of being raised to such an

page_text: extent that the separation of the already-formed articles from the frame may
be effected easily by means of a pair of shears or otherwise.
Figs. 2 shew, by way of example, a perforated slab or plate u, with a frame f
in connection with an electric current or source of electricity. k is a clamping
frame, which clamps the shape-giving frame f onto the slab a.
is the insulating medium between the plate and the frame f.
It will be evident, of course, that, for the construction of these frames, metals
will be employed possessing a high melting point and which offer most resistance
to the electric current, so that a glow heat may rapidly be produced. The
employment of heated frames for the holding fast of the glass mass may take
place as well for the production of several hollow articles at one time, as for
single articles.
Although a downward blowing for hollow articles has proved itself more
advantageous than the blowing upward, by reason of the automatic drawing
action of the glass mass, the important simplification now to be described, and
which is represented at Figs. 3 and 4, may be employed, when using the heated
frames above referred to, in either case.
By means of casting, rolling, or pressing, there will be formed upon a solid
plate d, in the well known manner, a glass laver e of about the same surface
extent as the frame f to be employed.
a
Upon this still plastic glass layer the operator presses from above the heated
frame f, secured upon the plate a. The glass layer sticks fast to the heated
frame. The operator now either draws away sideways (after lifting the plate
carrying the glass slab e) the solid plate d, or he pushes the plate a with the
glass slabe to one side, in such manner that the said glass layer will be free
underneath, in order, by means of the air pressure coming through the per-
forated plate a, to blow it out, in a downward direction, into the form of the
desired hollow body el.
This last described process requires the least expensive plant, and it consti-
tutes an important advance in the carrying out of the process protected under
Application No. 2094 of 1899.
The frame f to be heated may be of any desired section; it may be quad-
rangular, round, or oval, in cross section; it may also be (as shewn by way of
example at Fig. 5) so embedded in an insulated position in the plate a, that it
will only project to a slight extent over the upper surface of the plate a (Fig. 5).
The supply of the current to the frame f (whether annular or of other form)
embedded in the insulating medium i, may be conducted thereto by insulated
metal rods adapted to the plate a, and in contact with which which rods the
conducting wires are held by binding screws. On heating the ring or metal
surface f, the plastic glass layer attaches itself thereto, ready to expand within
the ring, on the application of a pressure medium at the back of the said layer.
As represented at Fig. 6 (view of a plate a from below), the ring f may be
divided at g, in which case the opposite ends will be separated by a block or
layer of insulating medium one of the conducting wires s is then connected to
each end thereof, so that the whole ring becomes a conductor, except for the
small division referred to.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a process of producing hollow glass bodies, as described in the Specifica-
tion of Patent No. 2094 of 1899, wherein the sheet of plastic glass from which the
articles are to be blown, is held fast on a perforated plate by means of shape-
giving frames at the base lines of the hollow glass articles, the application of heat
to the shape giving frames, whereby a fast attachment of the glass mass to the
frames is obtained, and whereby, at the same time, a diminution of the amount
of glass lying on the frames is effected, and also the separation of the formed

page_text: hollow articles from the frames, when required, is facilitated, substantially as
above set forth.
.
2. The arrangement of apparatus wherein the glass layer produced upon a
solid plate (stiil in a plastic state) is secured by the heated frames f to the
plate a, taken hold of and held securely, and, after being disengaged, is blown
out into the form of one or several hollow articles, substantially as set forth.
3. In the carrying out of the process referred to in Claims 1 and 2, the con-
nection of the frames f by wires with a source of electricity.
Dated this 2nd day of July 1900.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.