IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER LOOMS AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH FOR WEAVING AND CUTTING VELVETS, CARPETS, SEALSKINS AND OTHER PILE FABRICS IN DOUBLE CLOTH
Year: 1884

page_text: $6
We JOHN HEATON, Mechanic, and JOHN BENTLEY, overlooker, both of
89 Whetley Lane, Manningham, near Bradford, in the county of York do hereby
declare the nature of the said invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER LOOMS
AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH FOR WEAVING AND CUTTING VELVETS,
CARPETS, SEALSKINS AND OTHER PILE FABRICS IN DOUBLE CLOTH to be as
follows:-
-
"
Our said invention relates to weaving two distinct cloths and to splitting or
severing the pile threads so as to produce two perfect piled fabrics and our
invention consists firstly, in a method of sharpening the knife; secondly, in a
particular gear for actuating the knife; thirdly, in a particular way of setting the
taking up rollers; fourthly, in the weaving and making of the edges and fifthly,
in a method of regulating the pile.
In carrying out our invention we employ by preference knives called staple
knives in which the edges are sharpened both ways and for sharpening the knife
it is moved backwards and forwards by means of cords or bands which pass over
a small roller or pulley and then partly over drums to which the cords or bands
are fixed. The knife is fitted in a metal bearing having lugs to which are secured
the cords or bands. The knife runs in a bed which is cut out in the travel from
side to side and having reached its travel from side to side the knife comes then
in contact with suitable sharpeners such as revolving rollers covered with emery,
so that when the knife is at the end of its travel it either receives a top
sharpening action or a bottom one.
Each emery roller is actuated by a V pulley over which passes a band or cord to
another V pulley fitted to a standard secured to a frame on the framework. The
band or cord after passing over the second V pulley is brought to the tappet shaft
over which it receives a winding action.
For actuating or driving the knife on the tappet shaft of the loom we fit a
pinion which gears with an intermediate wheel and gives motion to a wheel having
an enclosed tappet in which works a bowl fitted on a stud secured to a lever, this
lever works at the top on a stud secured to the framework, the lever receives, by
means of the said tappet a rocking motion and actuates a lever fitted at the end of

page_text: the said lever, this lever is connected to the lever of a quadrant which is connected
to a shaft running across the loom, the quadrant gears with a pinion which is
connected to a pulley, and on the pulley is fitted a band or cord for driving the
knife; directly the knife has reached one end of its traverse it is sharpened by
the sharpening apparatus bereinbefore described and the knife then receives a
counter action and returns to the other end of its travel, receiving another sharpening
operation, which may be either on the top or bottom of the knife. For setting the
taking up roller we construct in front of the machine, guides made with slot
openings in which work bearings carrying the top and bottom rollers, so regulated
as to open and close the rollers according to the depth of the pile and to
requirements.
For weaving and making the edges we fit on the tappet shaft a crank to which
is fitted a connecting rod secured at one end to a lever, having a long slot hole in
which is secured the stud of the connecting rod. The end of the lever connected
to the connecting rod is secured on a shaft, extending across the loom, this shaft
works in bearers secured to the bottom rails of the frames.
The connecting rod and lever, from the crank, receives a rocking motion giving
a rocking motion to the shaft extending across the loom, and so actuates two
pullies fitted on the shaft; to these pullies are fitted bands, cords, or straps, which
give motion to the healds which carry the selvedge warps.
For regulating the pile we employ a positive pile feeding nip, which receives its
motion from the crank shaft of the loom, this nip feeds the pile or face threads to
the distance required and holds the said pile until stitched, in the weaving.
G. F. REDFERN,
Agent for the Applicants.
.
We, JOHN HEATON of 89 Whetley Lane Manningham near Bradford, in the
county of York Mechanic, and JOHN BENTLEY of 87 Salt Street Manningham
aforesaid Overlooker do hereby declare the nature of our invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN POWER LOOMS AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH FOR WEAVING
AND CUTTING VELVETS, CARPETS, SEALSKINS, AND OTHER PILE FABRICS IN DOUBLE
CLOTH" and in what manner the same is to. be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our said invention relates to weaving two distinct cloths and to splitting or
severing the pile threads so as to produce two perfect piled fabrics, and our
invention consists
Firstly in a method of sharpening the knife.
Secondly in a particular gear for actuating the knife.
Thirdly in a peculiar arrangement of rollers for taking up the two pieces after
they have been separated by the knife, and the method of adjustment of such
rollers and of gearing for driving the same.

page_text: Fourthly in the arrangement of feed rollers combined with friction rollers to
deliver the required length of material and the method of regulating the movements
of such feed rollers.
Having thus enumerated the improvements effected by our invention we will
proceed to describe the same by reference to the accompanying drawing which
represents a double velvet loom, the known working parts being omitted in order
to allow of more clearly shewing those parts which it is necessary to describe
herein Figure 1. represents a side elevation of the loom with our improvements
applied thereto and Figure 2.is a plan of the same. Similar letters refer to similar
parts in both the figures.
The double fabric after having been woven passes on to the knife in order that
the pile may be cut and the piece may thus be divided into two separate and
distinct fabrics.
The knife A is screwed fast in a moveable rest or holder L which travels from
side to side of the loom on a slide B the width of traverse being rather more than
the width of the woven piece so as to allow the knife to come in contact with the
sharpening rollers C at the end of each traverse from side to side; in the course of
this traverse the knife cuts the pile in the middle at the same time that the
operation of weaving is proceeding-At the termination of each traverse the
knife A as described comes in contact with the revolving rollers C. covered with
emery or other suitable material the rollers being so fixed that one of them acts
upon the top side of the knife and the other upon the bottom side whereby such
knife is always maintained in a sharp condition.
The rest or knife holder L to which the knife is fastened receives its motion from
two cords J which are wrapped round the flanged drum D in reverse directions and
the loose ends are passed up by means of suitable guide and tension pullies over
pullies placed at the extremities of the slide B and connected to opposite ends of
the knife holder.
The drum D is keyed upon the same shaft or attached to the pinion E which is
actuated by the toothed wheel F which toothed wheel receives motion from the
toothed quadrant G through the pinion H. The toothed quadrant receives a
rocking motion and therefore causes the drum D to revolve alternately in opposite
directions thereby communicating through the cords J passing over the pullies K
the side to side motion to the knife holder L. The rocking motion is given to the
quadrant G by means of levers M and N the lever M having a stud attached to it
at O which carries a friction roller working in the groove of the cam or tappet P
which cam or tappet receives its motion by means of gearing from the main
shaft R.
The speed at which the knife travels can be altered to suit various materials by
cbanging the wheel S and the pinion T or by substituting a larger or smaller wheel
or pinion for either of them.
One of the rollers C is fixed at each side of the loom with their tapered points
towards each other and are driven rapidly by the cords U which receive motion
from the pullies V fixed upon the shaft W which shaft is driven at a high rate of
speed from a large pulley Y upon the main shaft R by the cord X.
The slide upon which the knife rest or holder travels can be raised or lowered by
means of the adjusting screws with the hand wheels Z which move the slide
brackets A to any desired height.
The fabric after having been divided into two separate pieces by cutting as
herein before described is taken up on two separate rollers B' and C¹ which rollers
are caused to revolve at the required speed by gearing actuated from the main
shaft R.
Upon the shafts of the rollers B' and C' are fixed worm wheels D¹ in which
work the worms El; the shaft upon which these worms are keyed receives its
notion from two pairs of bevilled wheels F¹ and G₁ the relative speed of which
bevil wheels is regulated by the change wheels H' and J. The bevilled wheels H

page_text: are driven by the shaft K¹ to which is fixed a worm wheel L' gearing in the
worm M on the shaft N' which shaft receives its motion from the main shaft R.
The relative speed of the rollers B¹ and C¹ compared with the speed of the
shaft K¹ can be regulated by changing the wheels ¹ and J, for which changing
provision is made, such speed being regulated to suit various kinds. of material
being woven.
The distance of the taking off rollers B¹ and C' from each other is regulated by
means of screws actuated by hand wheels O₁ the bearings of the ends of the roller
shafts working in bushes moving in vertical slides P¹.
The feed rollers R¹ and S¹ are geared together and are actuated by a worm
wheel T on the end of the shaft of the roller S¹ gearing in the worm U¹ on the
shaft V which shaft is driven by means of gearing from the main shaft R. The
screw and spring X³ combined with the friction rollers Y¹ regulate, the tension of
the pile threads.
The speed of the feed rollers R¹ and S¹ relatively to the shaft V₁ can be regulated
by changing the worm wheel T¹ by which means any speed can be given or
quantity of pile threads be supplied as required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The conical ended sharpening rollers which sharpen the knife for cutting the
pile at every traverse of such knife alternately at the top and bottom of such knife
as hereinbefore described.
2. The method of and apparatus for working the above mentioned knife
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawing.
3. The combination of rollers for supplying or feeding the required quantity of
pile threads such rollers being combined in their action with the friction rollers in
delivering such required quantity and in actuating all such rollers substantially as
described.
Dated the orth dove of than 1001