IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE IN TWIST LACE MACHINES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Sylvester, of Lenton, in the County of
Nottingham, Lace Manufacturer, and William Bridgett, of the
Town of Nottingham, Lace Manufacturer, for the Invention of
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Sylvester and
William Bridgett at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 19th July 1875.
We, JAMES SYLVESTER, of Lenton, in the County of Nottingham,
Lace Manufacturer, and WILLIAM BRIDGETT, of the Town of Nottingham,
Lace Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE IN TWIST LACE MACHINES,"
to be as follows .-
-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture
of lace in twist lace machines, and relates especially to the production of
muslin-like fabric together with open work and other ornament.

page_text: The muslin-like fabric is formed in bands or narrow breadths joined
edge to edge in the process of manufacture, and each band consists of a
number of straight down warp threads and a bobbin thread which weaves
as a weft with the warp
threads.
When it is desired to produce an open work ornament, the formation 5
of muslin is arrested at the place which the ornament is to occupy, and
all the warp threads which are not required to form the ornament are
carried away to either side, leaving only for the most part two warp
threads to each bobbin thread These threads form plaited or twisted
pillars interlocking the one with the other at intervals as the design of 1
the openwork may require. The threads which are taken away to leave
space for the open pattern are worked so as to form a thick border on
oither side of it.
This border is formed over two bobbins in the following manner :—
On each bobbin thread one or more of the back warp threads twist 1
whilst the bulk of the warp threads in front twist with both of the
bobbin threds. Between these two sets of warp threads is an inter-
mediate warp thread, or pair of warp threads which do not twist with
the bobbins but are caught by them to the back warp threads (with
which the bobbin threads twist), and are so drawn across and made to 2
cover neatly the bundle of front warp threads.
The annexed diagrams illustrate the foregoing description.
In Figure 1, the bobbin threads are indicated by straight lines, and
in Figure 1º the work is represented (although still in diagram) more
nearly as it actually forms. The number of threads in the woven bands;
may be varied, and they may be worked in somewhat different ways, but
always producing similar results as is indicated in diagram by the
Figures 2 and 2ª, 3 and 3ª, 4 and 4ª.
When it is desired to ornament the fabric with thick continuous cords
or bands arranged to form a design or pattern, the following means for
producing the thick cord or band are resorted to. The cord or band is
.formed of a thick thread or threads which are worked by warp bars of
the machine. These threads which give the substance to the cord or band
are covered either on one side or on both sides with other warp threads
which are worked so as to produce a band or narrow breadth of
weaving. The band is produced between two bobbin threads which

page_text: twist continually with straight down warp threads, and the transverse
warp thread of the band or that which interweaves with the straight
down warp threads of the band is carried to and fro by its warp bar and
catches the two bobbin threads alternately.
The annexed diagrams illustrate the foregoing description.
Figure 5 indicates the motions of the several threads required to
make two bands to cover the thick throad or threads on both sides. The
course of each thread is drawn out separately.
The working of these threads may be varied or more threads used if
required to produce a similar result. Figure 5ª shows the way in which
tho work forms, and it represents one side, the other side is similar. The
warp and bobbin pillars on either side of the Figure are common to the
front and back fabrics.
In order to ornament with figures on the face a muslin-like fabric
made in bands or narrow breadths the bands are worked first on one
bobbin and then on another bobbin
In the width of muslin fabric, consisting of several bands in addition
to the number of bobbin threads required to weft the bands one or more
additional bobbin threads are employed Thus at any part of the muslin
fabric a bobbin thread can be spared when required to produce an
ornament with the aid of extra warp threads or ornamenting threads,
and when the ornament is complete the bobbin thread again becomes
a wefting thead, and so the muslin can be produced perfect throughout
and unblemished by the presence of superfluous bobbin threads.
A diagram illustrating this method of liberating the wefting bobbin
threads of a muslin fabric to form an ornament when required is seen
at Figure 6.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Sylvester and William Bridgett in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th January 1876.

page_text: facturer, and WILLIAM BRIDGETT, of the Town of Nottingham, Laco
Manufacturer, send greeting.
•
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto us, the said James Sylvester and
William Bridgett, Her special license that we, the said James
Sylvester and William Bridgett, our exccutors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said James Sylvester and William i
Bridgett, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, excrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE IN TWIST
LACE MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
James Sylvester and William Bridgett, our exccutors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under our, or their, hands and seals, or
under the hand and seal of one of us, or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Bridgett, on behalf of
myself and the said James Sylvester, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say
-
This Invention has for its object "Improvements in the Manufacture
of Lace in Twist Lace Machines," and relates especially to the produc-
tion of muslin-like fabric together with open work and other ornament.
The muslin-like fabric is formed in bands or narrow breadths, joined
edge to edge in the process of manufacture, and cach band consists of
a number of straight down warp threads and a bobbin thread which
weaves as a weft with the warp threads,

page_text: ԵԱՏՄ. ԱԱԱՈ
at Figure 6.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention and the
manner of performing the same, wo would have it understood that we
claim,-
First. The manufacture, substantially as described, of muslin-like
fabric with an open work ornament contained within a bordered hole.
Second. The manufacture, substantially as described, of muslin-like
fabric ornamented with a thick continuous cord covered with interwoven
warp threads.

page_text: Third. The manufacture, substantially as described, of muslin-like
fabric with an ornament lying on the face of the muslin.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Bridgett, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Seventeenth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
WILLIAM BRIDGETT. (L.S.)
January 17th, 1876.