Improvements in Rock or Ore Crushing Machinery, and in the Manufacture and Treatment thereof.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Dec., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Sept., 1896-Accepted, 10th Oct., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rock or Ore Crushing Machinery, and in the
Manufacture and Treatment thereof.
I, JOSEPH HENRY DICKINSON of 13 Montague Place, Russell Square,
London, Superintendent Engineer to The Harvey Steel Company of New Jersey,
United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:-
This invention relates to improvements in rock or ore crushing machinery, and
in the manufacture thereof, and the object is to so construct or manufacture the
parts that effect the crushing, of such material as to render them far harder and
tougher and less liable to wear.
In
The crushing of ore is usually effected by one or more of the following
machines: (a) A rock and ore crusher, (b) an ore stamp, (c) a Cornish roll.
each of these cases the parts that effect the crushing of the ore are liable to
wear out rapidly. By this invention they last very much longer before requiring
to be replaced.
The parts of the machinery to which this invention is applied are the jaws or
crusher plates of the rock and ore breaker, the shoes and dies of the ore stamp and
the roll shells of Cornish rolls. The object in each case is to obtain inteuse
hardness combined with great toughness.
In treating articles according to this invention we place them in a suitable
heating furnace, the part intended to be hardened being arranged in the furnace
so that such part only will receive the effective action of carbon introduced into
the furnace. The carbon may be introduced into the furnace either in a granular
form, or by suitable gases or in any other manner.
One way to arrange the article thus to be treated so that the carbon will only
practically affect the part to be exposed to the greatest wear in use, is to bury or
encase the other part in non-carbonaceous material during the process of carburiza-
tion. The carburization should be continued until as much as 8 per cent. to
1-25 per cent., or even more, of carbon has decrementally penetrated the unprotected
part of the article.
This
The effect of this process is that the article becomes capable of being made
intensely hard and tough when subsequently chilled at the proper temperature.
When applying this invention to articles of high carbon steel, it is desirable
that after such articles take up the additional carbon in the furnace, the effective
chilling should only take place on the part of such articles exposed to wear.
is accomplished by heating the article in such a manner that the part exposed to
greatest wear is of such temperature when subjected to the chilling process as to
take the most intense hardness, while the other part of the article is kept at a lower
temperature so that when subjected to chilling it will become tough. This may
be done by covering the article in sand and only exposing the wearing parts to the
action of the furnace; or the heating may be effected by means of an electric
furnace. When therefore the article is submitted to the chilling, the latter
has the effect on the article treated of hardening intensely the wearing parts
for a considerable distance below the surface and toughening the remainder of
the article.
In carrying out and adapting this invention to the shells of Cornish rolls the
rolls are made in the same state as heretofore, but preferably of low grade steel.

page_text: In treating these shells in the furnace they are placed vertically with sand in the
interior. The shell is then tightly packed and surrounded with carbonaceous
matter in a granular form, or submitted to hydrocarbon gas and the same process
followed as above described. After sufficient carbon has been allowed to enter
into the surface of the roll shell it is energetically chilled, preferably by minute
sprays of water simultaneously from each side, so that the shape is not hurt.
Dated this 3rd day of December 1895.
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
Improvements in Rock or Ore Crushing Machinery, and in the
Manufacture and Treatment thereof.
I, JOSEPH HENRY DICKINSON of 13 Montague Place Russell Square,
London, Superintendent Engineer to The Harvey Steel Company of New Jersey,
United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in rock or ore crushing machinery, and
in the manufacture thereof, and the object is to so construct or manufacture the
parts that effect the crushing, of such material as to render them far harder and
tougher, and less liable to wear.
The crushing of ore is usually effected by one 01' more of the following
machines (a) A rock and ore crusher; (b) an ore stamp; (c) a Cornish roll.
In each of the cases, the parts that effect the crushing of the ore are liable to
wear out rapidly. By this invention they last very much longer before requiring
to be replaced.
The parts of the machinery to which this invention is applied are the jaws or
crusher plates of the rock and ore breaker, the shoes and dies of the ore stamp,
and the roll shells of Cornish rolls. The object in each case is to obtain intense
hardness combined with great toughness
In treating articles according to this invention I place them in a suitable
Beating furnace, the part intended to be hardened being arranged in the furnace
so that such part ouly will receive the effective action of carbon introduced into
the furnace. The carbon may be introduced into the furnace either in a granular
form, or by suitable gases, or in any other manner.
One way to arrange the article thus to be treated so that the carbon will only
practically affect the part to be exposed to the greatest wear in use, is to bury or
encase the other part in non-carbonaceous material during the process of carburiza-
tion. The carburization should be continued until as much as 8 per cent. to
1.25 per cent., or even more, of carbon, has decrementally penetrated the unprotected
part of the article.
The effect of this process is that the article becomes capable of being made
intensely hard and tough when subsequently chilled at the proper temperature.
When applying this invention to articles of high carbon steel, it is desirable
that after such articles take up the additional carbon in the furnace, the effective
chilling should only take place on the part of such articles exposed to wear.
This is accomplished by heating the article in such a manner that the part exposed
to greatest wear is of such temperature when subjected to the chilling process as
to take the most intense hardness, while the other part of the article is kept at a
lower temperature, so that when subjected to chilling it will become tough. This
may he done by covering the article in sand and only exposing the wearing parts

page_text: to the action of the furnace; or the heating may be effected by means of an electric
furnace. When therefore the article is submitted to the chilling the latter
has the effect on the article treated of hardening intensely the wearing parts
for a considerable distance below the surface and toughening the remainder of
the article.
In carrying out and adapting this invention to the shells of Cornish rolls, the
rolls are made in the same state as heretofore, but preferably of low grade steel.
In treating these shells in the furnace they are placed vertically with sand in the
interior. The shell is then tightly packed and surrounded with carbonaceous
matter in a granular form, or submitted to hydrocarbon gas, and the same process
followed as above described. After sufficient carbon has been allowed to enter
into the surface of the roll shell it energetically chilled, preferably by minute
sprays of water simultaneously from each side, so that the shape is not hurt.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In rock or ore crushing machinery, improved crushing parts constructed as
hereinbefore described of steel or its alloys, with intensely hard wearing parts and
tough body, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. In rock or ore crushing machinery, a shell or roll constructed substantially
as hereinbefore described of steel or steel alloy, with hardened wearing parts
and tough body.
3. The process of manufacturing the crushing parts of rock or ore crushing
machinery, consisting in casting or forging the same of steel or steel alloy, treating
the same in a furnace with carbon, submitting the same to sufficient heat to effect
the carburization of the wearing portions, and then chilling the same, substantially
as hereinbefore described.
Deted this lot do
2
1000
J. C. MEWBURN & ELLIS,
55 and 56 Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.