Improvements in or relating to the Treatment of Fish, Fish Offal, or the like.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 1st July, 1896-Accepted, 15th Aug., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Treatment of Fish, Fish Offal,
or the like.
J, JOHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY of 31 Queen Victoria Street, E.C.
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the treatment of fish fish offal or the like for the purpose
of removing the oil and preparing the rest of the material for manure or for other
purposes. The invention may be carried into effect in the following manner :—
I treat the fish by cooking it in boiling water and providing at the same time
means for carrying off the oil as it is liberated and for removing the rest of the
fish etc. so that the process may be a continuous one, the following apparatus being
suitable for carrying the invention into practice.
I provide a cooking tank or vessel of any suitable shape and dimensions, but
conveniently a relatively long and moderately shallow vessel in the lower portion
of which is a worm conveyor while near the top is provided a perforated plate,
gauze covering or the like through which the water and oil can pass, but sufficiently
fine to prevent the passage of floating fish etc., this barrier being situated below
the water level. Means are provided near the bottom of one end for the introduction
of the material to be treated and at the other end for its exit, the worm conveyor
which has preferably broken or independent blades serving to churn the fish and
more it forward from the inlet to the outlet. A hopper or the like may be
provided around the inlet, the water rising to the same level in the hopper as in
the tank; if desired a worm conveyor or other means may be employed for forcing
the fish into the tank, or this may be done through a pipe or tube or other vessel,
means being provided to prevent the escape of the water.
From the cooking tank the materials are removed by a suitable conveyor,
conveniently a chain with buckets upon it by means of which the materials are
removed from the water and delivered where required for further treatment,
pressing and the like preferably as set forth in my Specification No. 17205 of
1893.
The buckets of this elevator are constructed in a special manner so as to allow
of drainage without the drainage from one bucket falling on to the succeeding
bucket. This may be accomplished by forming the bucket of metal or other
material provided with a false perforated bottom, wire gauze for example, and
providing in the bucket one or more openings communicating with a cross pipe or
equivalent which will deliver the water to one or both sides of the elevator so as
not to interfere with the buckets. Or instead of a separate pipe the water may be
delivered from the space between the false and the actual bottoms of each bucket
by the ends so as to clear the other buckets.
The oil rises to the surface of the water in the cooking tank and escapes over
the end thereof or by a suitable weir or equivalent into another tank or receiving
vessel in which the oil floats upon the water therein. The water is constantly
being pumped or removed from the lower portion of this receiving vessel and
re-delivered to the cooking vessel so that the same water may be used over and
over again, the oil being removed from the upper portion by pumping, skimming
or otherwise, after which it may be purified or treated in any suitable manner
preferably by straining or filtering and washing. If desired it may be treated

page_text: with fuller's earth with which it can be mixed and the oil expressed by filter
presses or other suitable means.
The heating of the cooking vessel may be effected in various ways as by steam
coils, by jacketting the vessel or by the direct application of fire or hot air, a
convenient arrangement being to place the vessel immediately upon a brick-work
or equivalent furnace so that the fire plays directly upon it.
Dated this 2nd day of October 1895.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to the Treatment of Fish, Fish Offal,
or the like.
I, JOHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY of 31 Queen Victoria Street, E.C.
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the treatment of fish, fish offal, or other animal matter
or similar refuse for the purpose of removing the oil and preparing the rest of the
material for manure or for other purposes.
To avoid needless repetition or complications this invention is herein described.
as employed for the treatment of fish though it is to be understood that any other
animal matter or similar refuse may be similarly treated.
The fish is treated by cooking it in boiling water and providing at the same
time means for carrying off the oil as it is liberated, and for removing the rest of
the fish that is to say the fibrous, bony and other parts not escaping with the
oil, so that the process may be a continuous one, the apparatus shown in the
accompanying drawings being suitable for carrying the invention into practice.
In these drawings Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing the preferred form of
apparatus constructed according to this invention and Fig. 2 is a vertical section
taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
Like letters indicate like parts throughout the drawings.
A cooking-tank or vessel A of any suitable shape and dimensions, but conveniently
a fairly long one in relation to its width and of moderately shallow depth is
provided, the lower part being preferably semicylindrical as shown in Fig. 2. In
the lower portion of the vessel A, is a worm conveyor B, while near the top but
below the water level is provided a perforated plate, grating or the like barrier C
which may be supported on angle-iron bearers A¹ secured to the walls of the
vessel A or in other convenient manner. The perforations or interstices of C are
of such size that only the water and not the floating fish or other solid matter can
pass through them.
Near one end of the vessel A and below the grating Can opening D is provided
for the introduction of the material to be treated and around this inlet is fitted a
hopper D in which the water rises to the same level as that within the vessel A.
At the opposite end of the vessel A is formed the outlet opening E through which
the worm conveyor B delivers the material under treatment, this conveyor preferably
having broken or independent blades so that at the same time as the material is
moved towards the outlet E, it is churned or reduced to a finely divided state so as
to enable it to freely liberate the oil contained therein. If desired I may employ
a worn-conveyor or other device in connection with the hopper D for forcing the
fish into the tank.
The heating of the cooking vessel A may be effected by means of a furnace F

page_text: in the brickwork in which said vessel is set or built in any desired manner so that
the fire may play directly upon it, or it may be effected in various other ways, as,
for example, by steam or hot air passed through coils or jackets in or around the
vessel, or delivered right into the liquid contents thereof.
The material discharged by the worm conveyor B through the outlet E of the
vessel A falls, conveniently into the lower part of the elevator casing G which
part virtually constitutes an extension of the cooking vessel A and the water
therein maintains the same level as that within A.
Portions of the upper part of the casing G may be removable to allow of
inspection of the operation of the elevator. The buckets H of the elevator are
constructed in a special manner so as to allow of drainage without the drainage
from one bucket falling on to the buckets beneath it. This, as shown in the
drawings, may be accomplished by providing the buckets (which are constructed
of metal or other suitable material) each with a false perforated bottom I Fig. 2,
of, for example wire gauze, and with one or more openings communicating with a
cross pipe or equivalent J which, as shown in Fig. 1, delivers the drainage from
each bucket H to the sides of the elevator so as not to interfere with the bucket
beneath it. Instead of the pipes J being of 1-shape as shown in Fig. 1, to deliver
the liquid to both sides of the elevator they may be L-shape to deliver the liquid
to one side only; or instead of the liquid being delivered through the pipes such
as J it may be delivered directly through perforations formed in one or both of the
ends of each bucket and with or without plates or channels so as to clear the other
buckets beneath it.
The buckets H are secured to one or more chains K working over wheels K¹
either of which may be positively rotated by a suitable motor; in the drawing it
is the lower of the two wheels K' which is the one connected with the motor, a
spur wheel K being shown as fitted on the shaft K³ for this purpose.
The material raised by the buckets H is drained in its ascent in the elevator
(which may be extended to any desired height to properly effect the necessary
drainage) the liquid flowing out through the pipes or equivalent J and the solid
matter being tipped out of the buckets, as they arrived at the top of the elevator
into a receptacle L which may from time to time be removed in order that its
contents may be delivered to apparatus for further treatment.
The oil rises to the surface of the water in the cooking vessel A and escapes
over the end thereof or by a suitable weir A2 into a pipe or channel M which
conducts it into a tank or receiving vessel N wherein the oil floats on the water.
The water is constantly pumped or removed from the lower part of the tank N as
by a pump O (shown diagrammatically in Fig. 1) through a pipe O¹ and re-delivered
as by a pipe O2 on to or near the surface of the water in the vessel A at or near
the end of the latter opposite that at which the weir A² is located, this arrangement
being provided to cause the oil to flow towards the weir, the same water is thus
used over and over again, but is preferably changed at the end of each day's
operations.
P is a plate which directs any material which falls on it towards the receptacle L
instead of allowing it to return to the lower part of the elevator casing.
The oil may be removed from off the water contained in the vessel N by pumping,
skimming or otherwise, after which it may be purified or treated in any suitable
mancer preferably by straining or filtering or washing; if desired it may be
treated with fuller's earth with which it can be mixed the oil being subsequently
expressed by filter presses or other suitable means.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is ;-
1. In the treatment of fish and other animal matter or similar refuse, boiling
and disintegrating it beneath a submerged perforated barrier.

page_text: 2. For the treatment of fish and other animal matter of similar refuse, a cooking-
vessel A containing a barrier C or equivalent and below the barrier a conveyor
substantially as described.
3. In the treatment of fish and other animal matter or similar refuse the
combination with a cooking vessel such as A and its appurtenances B and C or
equivalent apparatus of an elevator working in an extension such as G of the
vessel A.
4. In the treatment of fish and other animal matter or similar refuse for the
purposes specified, the combination with a cooking-vessel of a submerged grating C
or other barrier and means substantially as described, for introducing or permitting
the introduction below the barrier of the material to be treated and for churning
and reducing the same and for simultaneously removing the residual solids all
without interruption of the continuity of the process.
5. In the treatment of fish and other animal matter or similar refuse the
combination with a cooking-vessel which has a submerged grating C or other
barrier and is arranged to permit the flow of liquid from above the barrier into a
settling tank of apparatus for producing a circulation of the liquid through the
cooking-vessel and the tank and other parts of the apparatus for the purpose
described.
6. In the treatment of fish and other animal matter or similar refuse apparatus
comprising a cooking-vessel means for heating the same a conveyor B and grating C
the vessel A being provided with openings D and E below the grating for the
admission and exit of the solid particles of the material under treatment and with
an opening or weir A2 above the grating for the outflow of the oil substantially as
described.
7. In the treatment of fish and other animal matter or similar refuse the
combination with the tank A. of an oil receptacle N with devices for drawing the
water from the lower part thereof and returning it into the tank A at or near
the surface of the oil or other liquid therein.
8. In the treatment of fish and other animal matter or similar refuse an elevator
or conveyor with each of its buckets provided with one or more openings for
escape of liquid these openings being so disposed that the liquid passing through
them will not fall on to the buckets beneath.
9. In the treatment of fish and other animal matter or similar refuse an elevator
or conveyor each bucket of which is provided with a perforated or equivalent
false bottom and with one or more openings beneath the false bottom in the bucket
wall substantially as and for the purpose described.
10. In the treatment of fish and other animal matter or similar refuse for the
purpose specified the combination with elevator buckets provided with liquid
outlets as described of one or more pipes J substantially as and for the purpose
described.
11. An apparatus in which fish or other animal matter or similar refuse is
cooked and broken up in a liquid which is kept in circulation and employed to
convey away through a barrier which keeps back the solids the oil rising to the
surface of said liquid whilst the residual solids are removed by conveyors or
the like.
12. In the treatment of fish and other animal matter or similar refuse the
combination and arrangement of parts constituting a complete apparatus
substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 30th day of June 1896.
JOHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.
JOHN CHARLES WILLIAM STANLEY.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.