Year: 1887

page_text: I, MATHEW CORRIGAN of 147 Claythorn Street Glasgow in the County of Lanark
North Britain Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in looms for weaving chenille or fur pile
fabrics, operated (preferably) by rapid revolving machinery, and has for its objects,
1st to simplify the starting and stopping of the weaving action of such looms;
2nd to prevent, and counteract the twisting of the chenille or fur pile as it is "led in,"
in the process of weaving; 3rd to afford wider spaces between the several warps
for the free passage of the catcher warp and catcher warp needles; 4th to press up
the chenille weft to the "fell" after the required number of "shots," or beats," have
been made, as a partial substitute for combing up the chenille or fur pile; 5th to
afford the weaver a signal, at any required period before the starting of the loom.
I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the following drawings in
which ;-
Fig. 1. is a front elevation of a loom, fitted with my improvements.
*
Fig. 2. is an elevation of one end of a loom, fitted with my improvements.
Fig. 3. is an elevation of the opposite end (to Fig. 2.) of a loom, fitted with my
improvements.
Figs. 4. to 13 are details of my improved mechanism as embodied in the other
diagrams.
Similar letters of reference and numerals are employed throughout the illustrations
to denote corresponding parts.
Upon the crank shaft, 1, the wiper shaft, 2, and the clutch shaft, 3, are fitted a train
of loose reciprocal spur wheels 27, 28, and 29, the former of which (27) is united to
the loose pulley F, fig. 1 and the latter (29) forms (by means of a stud. 29, upon its
face) part of a starting and driving clutch movement in conjunction with the sliding
clutch plate, 30, which is fitted, for lateral movement, upon a feather keyed fast into
the clutch shaft 3; and upon the opposite end of this clutch shaft 3; is keyed a small
pinion wheel, 31, Fig. 2. for revolving the loose spur wheel 32, which is furnished

page_text: (:
with a Cam mechanism (33 and 334) for the purpose of travelling the slide 21,
Fig. 1 which leads in" the chenille weft or fur, this purpose being effected by
means of chains or cords passed over the grooved fly wheel 10, and pulleys 34, 35, 36
and 37, and connected to the levers 7 and 7 which are alternately raised and lowered
by the tappets 33 and 33 upon the said loose cam wheel 32. The cam 5 Fig. 2
which is keyed fast upon the wiper shaft 2, actuates the lever motion represented by
the arms 6 and 11 and their adjustable connecting rod, numbered 6 fig. 2 which
motion being connected with the catcher warp shaft 12 serves to raise and lower the
catcher warp needle frame and beam 38 and E figs. 2. and 3 by means of the two
arms 11 (figs. 2 and 3) between and from which arms the said beam and needle frame
are centred and suspended.
Two tappets 39 and 39 are fitted adjustably upon the paup or boss of a loose spur
wheel 40 geared upon the wiper shaft 2 and actuated by a pinion wheel 41 keyed upon
the clutch shaft 3, for operating the belt shifting mechanism which consists of the
starting and stopping levers 16 and 17 (centred upon one stud attached conveniently
to the loom) the ordinary spring handle 18 and the ordinary belt fork 42. To the
end of the starting lever, 16, is fitted a small roller, or pulley, which rests and revolves
upon the periphery of the tappet 39, and upon the opposite end of the same lever
is fitted a loose, tapered collar, for engaging in contact with the bevel, or inclined
plane, 20, which is attached to the spring handle, 18, and by means of which bevel
plane the spring handle and belt fork are operated from the tappet 39 and its
lever (16).
In a similar manner to that above described, the tappet, 39, actuates the "knock
off lever, 17 which is designed, in its rotation, to "knock off" the spring handle,
and in conjunction with the last named action of (39, 16 and 18) to afford the
necessary pauses or intervals of rest in the backward and forward movement of the
lathe, during which pauses the fur is laid in the shed by the movement previously
described in connection with the slide 21 and its chain pulleys, the cam and pinion
wheel 32 and 31 actuated, through the contact of the clutch plate 30 with its associate
mechanism upon the spur wheel 29 and the constant revolution of the wheels F, 27,
28 and 29.
In order to afford the catcher warp needles, 43, and binding warps greater space
and liberty in passing through the backing and ground warps I provide, at the back
of the needles a spacing or expansion revel, 25, figure 4, the dents of which consist
of thin splits, 44, which form V shaped ends 45 and which ends are separated only
by very narrow spaces, the effect of which is, that when the lathe is in operation and
the shed is formed, these V shaped splits bring close together, in heavy strands the
several warps in each dent of the expansion revel and leave spaces between the several
strands, corresponding in width to the width of the V splits and through which
temporarily enlarged spaces the catcher warp needles and binding warps have a free
passage. The warps in being shed, pass out of the narrow grooves between the
V shaped splits into the usual spaces formed by the thin splits, where sufficient space
is afforded for crossing, to form the shed.
The fur "slide," 21, figures 1, 5, 6 and 7, which "leads in" the chenille or fur
weft 46, fig. 5 is of a bent or angled form, as shewn in Figure 5, and is provided
with guide eyes for the chenille weft, two, or more, of which eyes are (more or less)
heart shaped see 47, fig. 7, and contain an acute angled notch through which the
chenille is guided in evenly and any tendency of the fur to twist is, by means of this
acute notch, counteracted. This acute notch part, of the heart (or other) shaped
guide eye, 47, insures the "fur," or cut edges of the weft, being always laid evenly
in the same plane. The fur "slide" is carried, as usual upon guide rods, 48 and 49
(figs. 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7) connected with, and supported from, the framework of the
loom by such means as the brackets 9, figures 2 and 3.
"
The fur "presser or "knock up bar," 23 (figures 1, 8, and 9) is raised and lowered
by the action of the lathe and consists of a compound lever mechanism combined
with the sword arms of the lathe (13) and derives its impulse through the connecting
rods (14) which unite the lathe to the crank shaft. It is raised and lowered by the

page_text: motion of the rocking shaft, which imparts the rquisite impulse to this compound
lever movement, consisting as it does of the oscillating lever 24, the link rod 50 and
the upright sliding bar 51, all of which (in duplicate) are supported by, centred upon,
and actuated by means of two studs 52, fixed adjustably upon the .arms 53; the
adjustable and regulating stops 54, attached, preferably to the frame of the, loom,
determine the height to which the sliding bars, 51, are elevated by means of the
resistance which they make to the rising of the disconnected ends of the oscillating
levers 24. The upright sliding bars 51, are connected by means of eyes, to the sword
arms 13, and are united to each other by means of the bent hooks 55, figure 8, and
the tie bar 56; the presser, or knock up bar being firmly held between two short
arms 57, which project from the bent hooks 55.
The action of the "knock up bar," or fur pile "presser," is as follows; on the
forward movement of the lay, the (square or angled) edge of the presser bar is brought
in contact with the fur, and presses it up to the "fell"after any, number of "shots"
of backing weft have been thrown. After heating up the fur once (or oftener as
required) the presser bar rises over it and may be thrown out of action for any
required pause or interval of rest, during which interval additional shots are thrown;
this intermittent action of the presser bar being effected by means of the suspended
hook, 66, acting upon the lever 24, and which hook is operated by cams, tappets, cards
or any such like simple, and ordinary mechanism.
To the brake lever, 15, figures 3 and 12 a double power lever brake (58 and 59) is
attached for brakeing the crank shaft, 1, during the backward throw of the lathe.
The lever, 15, centred upon a stud, 60, attached conveniently to the loom actuates the
two brake segments, 58 & 59, which are centred upon a stud 61 and embrace
(preferably the periphery of) the fly wheel 62, the segments 58 and 59, being
simultaneously impelled against the fly wheel by means of short links, 63 and 63,
which unite them to the lever, 15, as shewn at 65, and 66, figure 12.
The automatic ringing of the signal bell 67, fig. 13 which is connected with the
starting tappet, 39, by means of the bell crank 68 and spring 69 (or any other such
simple agency) is designed to give intimation, or warning at any required interval
during the action of the loom, to the person in charge of it.
I have abstained, in the foregoing description, from particularising any of the
ordinary and well known mechanism of a chenille or fur pilo weaving loom and have
limited my description, as far as possible to those parts thereof in- which I have
effected improvements by alterations or new and additional mechanisın.
As a result of my improvements, the loom, when once made ready and started is
continuous and automatic in its whole action including its pauses for throwing in the
weft, combing and pressing the fur up to the "fell" and in all other motions thereof,
thereby rendering the attendance of a skilled weaver proportionately unnecessary.
Having now particularly declared and ascertained the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is,
1st. In a loom for weaving chenille or fur pile fabrics, the combination therewith
of a train of loose spur wheels driven by the loose belt pulley, for actuating the chief
automatic movements of the loom, all substantially as herein described and shewn.
2nd. In a loom for weaving chenille or fur pile fabrics, the combination therewith
of a clutch mechanism for starting and stopping purposes, all substantially as herein
described and shewn.
3rd. In a loom for weaving chenille or fur pile fabrics, the combination therewith
of pulleys, chains, cords, rods, levers and other mechanism for travelling the fur
leading slide thereof, all substantially as herein described and shewn.
4th. In a loom for weaving chenille or fur pile fabrics, the combination therewith
of acute angled guide eyes, or notches in the fur leading slide thereof, all substantially
as herein described, and shewn, and for the purposes specified.
5th. In a loom for weaving chenille, or fur pile, fabrics, the combination therewith
of an expansion revel or reed for spacing the ground warps to allow free passage for

page_text: the catcher warp and the catcher warp needles all substantially as herein described
and shewn.
6th. In a loom for weaving chenille, or fur pile, fabrics, the combination therewith
of a double power friction brake, substantially as herein described and shewn and for
purpose specified.
7th. In a loom for weaving chenille, or fur pile fabrics, the combination therewith
of a fur pile presser mechanism, all substantially as herein described and shewn and
for the purpose specified.
8th. In a loom for weaving chenille, or fur pile fabrics, the combination therewith
of mechanism for obtaining automatically, the requisite (and varying) pauses in the
weaving process, after which the fur pile is pressed up to the "fell," all substantially
as herein described and shewn and for the purposes specified.
9th. In a loom for weaving chenille, or fur pile fabrics, the combination therewith
of a signall bell mechanism, all substantially as herein described and shewn, and for
the purpose specified.