IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHIMNEYS OR FLUES."
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Josiah George Jennings, of Holland Street, Black-
friars, in the County of Surrey, Sanitary Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHIMNEYS OR FLUES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Josiah George Jennings
at the Office of the Commissioners of. Patents, with his Petition, on tho
1st March 1862.
I, JOSIAH GEORGE JENNINGS; of Holland Street, Blackfriars, in the County
of Surrey, Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHIMNEYS OR FLUES," to be as
follows:
This Invention has for its object improvements in the construction of
chimneys or flues, and is applicable more especially to chimneys or flues used in
connection with open fire-places. In order to prevent the smoke being forced
out into the room in which the fire-place is situated by a sudden puff of wind
descending the chimney, I enlarge the chimney at a short distance over the
fire-place by building into the brickwork a chamber made either of earthen-
ware or cast iron, and having both an inlet and outlet passage corresponding
in size with that of the flue; I prefer to make this chamber hexagonal as it
appears when in position in front and back view and with flat ends, the-inlet
and outlet passages also, which are generally opposite the one to the other,

page_text: I prefer to form as sockets to receive the ends of earthenware pipes, of
which I usually form the chimneys or flues; the chamber may be made in
the piece, and it is preferred so to make it, but it may be formed in two or
more pieces, if desired. The employment of chambers in this manner allows
me to use with success much smaller chimneys or flues than those usually
employed in combination with open fire-places, for example, the chimney or
flue may be made five inches or less in diameter, and the chamber near the
bottom gives space and opportunity for any puff of wind entering the chimney
or flue to expand and expend its force without descending into the room.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Josiah George Jennings in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 1st September 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSIAH
GEORGE JENNINGS, of Holland Street, Blackfriars, in the County of Surrey,
Sanitary Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the First day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Josiah George Jennings, Her special licence that I, the said Josiah George
Jennings, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Josiah George Jennings, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and law-
fully, might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHIMNEYS OR FLUES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Josiah George Jennings,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Josiah George Jennings, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: at Figures 4; the fresh air I convey to the brick chamber enclosing the smoke
chamber by means of triangular pipes fixed in the angles of the fire-place
as is shewn, the fresh air being brought to these pipes by proper air gratings
fixed in the external walls; the fresh air passing through these triangular pipes
will by contact with the exterior of the smoke chamber and the flue pipes
above (which may be corrugated or ribbed) be considerably increased in tem-
perature and escape into the room at the grating shewn in the Drawing
agreeably warmed for respiration; this warm air will also tend to promote
the draft of the chimney. It is not essential that the smoke chamber should
be built in immediately over the fire-place, although I generally prefer that
it should be so placed; it may however be built in higher up and then I make
it with a socket suitable to receive a flue pipe at both ends in place of at one
end only as is shewn. In very exposed situations it is desirable to have a'
chamber at the bottom of the chimney, and a second higher up; it may be
at or near the top, and the second chamber is conveniently made of the
form shewn at Figures 5 and 6, the first being a vertical section, and the
second a plan thereof. Figure 7 shews the application of these chambers
at the tops of chimneys. Chambers such as are shown in Figures 1, 2, 5,
and 6, may be made in cast iron, but in this case they need not be made so
thick.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that what I claim
is the construction of and use in flues of smoke chambers as shewn and.
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Josiah George Jennings, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this First day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
JOSIAH GEORGE JENNINGS.
(L.S..)