IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW FASTENINGS OR FITTINGS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Elien Anna Clapham, of Sandgate, in the County of
Kent, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDOW FASTENINGS OR
FITTINGS
"
"
Sealed the 13th September 1878, and dated the 16th March 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ellen Anna Clapham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th March 1878.
ELLEN ANNA CLAPHAM, of Sandgate, in the County of Kent.
IN WINDOW FASTENINGS OR FITTINGS."
"
IMPROVEMENTS
The object of my Invention is to provide a safety fastening for windows to be
opened from the inside only, and such safety fastening (which is self closing) when
the window is closed cannot be seen. Further, an alarum for windows, which,
should the window be opened, causes a bell or any other alarm to be set in
operation..
In carrying out my Invention I proceed mainly as follows:-The lower sash of a
window is provided with a spring bolt, which is withdrawn by a key or a button
on the window sash when the window is required to be opened. The upper sash is
provided with a recess or opening, in which the said bolt rests when the window is
closed; the action being that by the application of the key or pulling the button
the bolt is withdrawn and the window raised. In closing the window the bolt
will, when it strikes against the upper sash, be forced back, falling into the recess in
same.
To the side frame of the window is attached the alarum, which is formed with a
button or other projection, to which is attached the chain or wire in communication
with the bell or other alarm. The sash of the window (either the upper or lower
one) is provided with a projection or catch, which, should the window be raised,

page_text: engages in the button or projection, thus pulling the wire or chain with it, and
ringing the bell or alarm.
When the alarm is not required the button or projection is thrown out of
use, and the window sash can be raised or lowered without the alarm being
actuated.
To facilitate the action of the bolt of the fastening I usually employ a roller fixed
to the top sash, which ensures the bolt acting efficiently.
It is evident that my Invention can be equally well applied to various forms of
window sashes.
The alarum can be applied to the upper sash as well as to the lower, one alarm
being sufficient for both,
C
.
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SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Ellen Anna Clapham in the Great Seal Patent Office on-the 16th Sep-
tember 1878.
ELLEN ANNA CLAPHAM, of "Sandgate, in the County of Kent.
IN WINDOW FASTENINGS OR FITTINGS."
"IMPROVEMENTS
...The object of my Invention is to provide a safety fastening for windows to be
opened from the inside only, and such safety fastening (which is self closing)
when the window is closed cannot be seen. Further, an alarum for windows,
which, should the window be opened, causes a bell or any other alarm to be set in
operation.
In carrying out my Invention I proceed substantially as follows:-The lower sash
of a window is provided with a spring bolt, which is withdrawn by a key or a
button on the window sash when the window is required to be opened. The upper
sash is provided with a recess or opening, in which the said bolt rests when the
window is closed; the action being that by the application of the key or pulling
the button the bolt is withdrawn, and the window can be raised. In closing the
window the bolt will, when it strikes against the upper sash, be forced back, falling
into the recess in same.
To the side frame of the window is attached the alarum, which is formed with a
button or other projection, to which is attached the chain or wire in communication
with the bell or other alarm. The sash of the window (either the upper or lower
one) is provided with a projection or catch, which, should the window be raised,
engages in the button or projection, thus pulling the wire or chain with it, and
ringing the bell or alarm.
When the alarm is not required, the button or projection is thrown out of
use, and the window sash can be raised or lowered without the alarm being
actuated.

page_text: To facilitate the action of the bolt-of the fastening I usually employ. a roller fixed
to the top sash, which ensures the bolt acting efficiently.
It is evident that my Invention can be equally well applied to various forms of
window sashes.
The alarm can be applied to the upper sash as well as to the lower, one alarm
being sufficient for both.
Having thus far described the nature of the said Invention, and incidentally.
intimated in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out in practice, I
will now proceed (aided by the accompanying Drawings) to further and particularly
describe and ascertain in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out
in practice, that is to say :-
:
"PP
Figs. 2 and 3 show plan and side view of portions of the lower sash.
Fig. 4, plan of portion of the upper sash.
Fig. 5, sectional view of the sash with key inserted, showing arrangement for
actuating the spring bolt.
Fig. 9, view of the key.
In these Figures A is the lower sash of the window; B, the upper sash. The
lower sash A is provided, as shown, with spring bolt C, said spring bolt C being
withdrawn by means of a key D (see Fig. 5). In the upper sash is a recess or
opening E, in which the spring bolt C falls, and same rests therein when the window
is closed. F is a roller fixed (free to revolve) in the top sash, so as to allow of the
bolt C being readily forced back when the window is being closed. The whole of
the fastening arrangements are on the inside of the window sashes, and cannot
be seen when the window is closed; the action being that by pulling or turning the
key D the bolt C is withdrawn from the recess or opening E in the upper sash, and
the window can then be opened as required. But to hold the bolt back, and yet
not withdraw the key, I have a pin or pins or projection on the key, so that when
same is withdrawn from the lock on being turned the pin or pins or projection
presses against the plate or sash and is held there.
Fig. 6 shows part of window frame provided with my improved alarum, which
may be applied to the bottom or top sash, as desired.
Fig. 6 shows a back sectional view of portion of sash carrying alarum.
Figs. 7 and 8 shew the two parts of the window frame separately.
G is a button or projection on the window frame, to which is attached the
chain H, said chain H communicating with a bell or other alarm. One of the
sashes of the window is provided with a catch or projection I, and in the event of
the sash being raised this catch or projection I will engage in the button or pro-
jection G on the frame of the window, thus pulling the chain H and ringing the
bell or alarm.
When the aların is not required the button or projection G may be turned down,
as shewn in Fig. 7, so as not to come in the way of the catch I when the window
is raised. For this purpose a slide K is provided, which when in place opposite the
button G will keep same in position (shewn in Fig. 6), but when raised will leave
an opening in which said button or projection will rest.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature and object of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed or carried out in
practice, I hereby declare that I claim the improvements in window fastenings or
fittings, wherein the peculiar and important points are the spring bolt arrangement
actuated by a key for securing windows, and the alarm attached to side frames
of windows or sashes, said arrangements being as simple and as easily applied to

page_text: ordinary windows, and as simple and effective in operation as those ordinarily
adopted.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ellen Anna Clapham, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
Witness,
FREDERICK GEORGE CLAPHAM,
56, Maryon Road,
Charlton,
Kent.
'TITUT TUNA VINATU
MUFTITIA