METHODS FOR MAKING PROM HORNS AND HOOPS OF ANIMALS VARIOUS ARTICLES, NAMELY, HANDLES OF KNIVES AND KNOBS OF DRAWERS, AND OTHER PARTS OF CABINET AND HOUSEHOLD ARTICLES, CURTAIN RINGS, BELL PULLS, DOOR HANDLES AND KNOBS, KEY-HOLE ESCUTCHEONS OR COVERINGS, AND DOOR AND WINDOW SHUTTER FINGER PLATES, KNOBS, HANDLES, ALL OR ANY OF WHICH ARTICLES WERE AND ARE TO BE SO MADE OF ONE
Year: 1829

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, greeting.
WHEREAS His present Majesty King George the Fourth hath, by His
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Fourteenth day of January now last past, given and
granted unto JAMES DEAKIN and THOMAS DEAKIN, of Sheffield, in the County
of York, Merchants, and Manufacturers of Hardware, and Partners, their
exors, admiors, and assigns, His Majesty's special licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that they, the said James Deakin and Thomas Deakin,
their exors, adñiors, and assigns, and every of them, by themselves, or by their
deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as they, the said James
Deakin and Thomas Deakin, their exors, admors, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term of years therein expressod, should and lawfully night make.
use, exercise, and vend, within that part of His Majesty's United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland called England, His Dominion of Wales, and
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, certain "METHODS FOR MAKING PROM HORNS AND
HOOPS OF ANIMALS VARIOUS ARTICLES, NAMELY, HANDLES OF KNIVES AND KNOBS
OF DRAWERS, AND OTHER PARTS OF CABINET AND HOUSEHOLD ARTICLES, CURTAIN
RINGS, BELL PULLS, DOOR HANDLES AND KNOBS, KEY-HOLE ESCUTCHEONS OR
COVERINGS, AND DOOR AND WINDOW SHUTTER FINGER PLATES, KNOBS,
HANDLES, ALL OR ANY OF WHICH ARTICLES WERE AND ARE TO BE SO MADE OF ONE

page_text: OR MORE PIECE OR PIECES OF HORN OR HOOF OF ANY SHAPE OR DEVICE, PLAIN
OR ORNAMENTED OR INLAID, CONJOINED WITH ANY KIND OF METAL OR OTHER
MATERIAL;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso
obliging them, the said James Deakin and Thomas Deakin, or one of
them, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of their said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of them, and
to cause the same to be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within two calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereto had, will more
fully, and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that he, the above-named James Deakin, by this present
Instrument in writing under his hand and seal, doth particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention of them, the said James Deakin and
Thomas Deakin, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as follows,
(that is to say):
-
Curtain rings, bell pulls, and handles of drawers, of the ring shape, are to
to be made of one piece of horn or hoof, in the following manner :-A strip or
length, whether straight or curved to nearly a circle, is to be cut out of a piece
of horn or hoof, of sufficient strength, thickness, and length to form the article
required, and having provided a metal die, or a die consisting of two parts,
in which is to be sunk or cut a grove, either straight or curved, to receive
the strip or length of horn or hoof above described, and at one end of such
clic or dies a projection or projections are to be left, and at the other end
thereof a corresponding hollow or indentation, in form of a dovetail or counter-
sunk catch or catches, is to be made. The horn or hoof is then to be placed
in such die or dies, both having been previously moderately heated, and being
submitted to the pressing vice a ring or curve is formed, having the two ends
yet disunited, and having impressed on one end a projection or projections, and
on the other a hollow dovetail or countersunk catch or catches. It is thus
prepared for finishing and uniting together to form one entire ring, which is
done by another die or dies of two parts, having the complcat form of the ring
required. The two ends of the horn or hoof are then brought together, and the
projections placed within the corresponding hollows or indentations, and the
whole being submitted to the pressing vice, the two ends of the ring are united
by the projections filling up the hollows before described. Handles of knives,
knobs of drawers, and other parts of cabinet and household articles, curtain
rings, bell pulls, door handles and knobs, keyhole escutchcens or coverings,
and door and window shutter finger plates, which require two or more picces

page_text: of horn or hoof to be joined together to form one article, are to be made as
follows-One piece of horn or hoof, being previously boiled in water or heated
as is usual in preparing it for pressure, is to be taken and pressed into any
form, as required, and in the same piece of horn or hoof is made or left by the
dic, and afterwards turned in a lathe or turning engine, or worked by hand, or
entirely turned in a lathe or worked by hand, one or more hollow part or parts,
cut or groved under or countersunk (the same hollow or hollows being to be
made wider at the bottom than at the aperture of the same). Then is to be
taken another piece of horn or hoof intended to form part of the required
article, and being previously prepared for pressure, as above mentioned, is to be
pressed in another metal die, in or upon which piece of horn or hoof is thereby
left a projecting piece or projecting pieces of horn or hoof corresponding with,
and sufficient, when pressed, to fill the part or parts which had been left hollow
in the first piece of horn or hoof. The two pieces are then to be joined
together, by placing the projections into the hollows, and pressing them in one
metal die of the shape of the article required, such having been first sufficiently
heated, by which pressure, there being a sufficient quantity of spare horn
left for this purpose, the same whilst warm is forced into every part of the
hollow or hollows; the projections spreading with the pressure given, and thereby
filling the undercut or countersunk part or parts, fixes the two pieces of horn
or hoof firmly together, and at the same time gives the form of the article
required. If more than two pieces be necessary to form the article required,
three or more pieces are to be joined by the method before described as
applicable to the joining of two pieces.
The following is the method by which are to be made door knobs and
handles which require metal linings to receive metal shanks, by which the
latch sneck or bolt is to be turned, opened, or shut. After making a door
knob or handle by the method above described, or one part of the same, before
the two or more parts of which they may be composed are united together, a
hole is to be made in or through the shank of such knob or handle, or the
part thereof where required, large enough to admit of a piece of metal tube
or lining, which metal tube or lining may be round, or of any other shape on
the outside, but in which a square, triangular, or other hole, having some one
or more angular side or sides, or some catch or catches, in or through the
same. The metal tube or lining is to be put into the hole so made for it in
the shank of the door knob or handle, or that part thereof where required. The
entire part or parts of horn and hoof, with the tube or lining of metal before
described, intended to compose the whole knob or handle, are then to be put
together and placed in the finishing pressing dic or dies, and the whole are

page_text: united firmly together by pressing the horn or hoof round and upon the metal
tube or lining before described, and the door knob or handle is thus compleated,
ready to receive the shank by which locks, latches, snecks, or bolts are to be
turned, opened, or shut. All the above articles, made from horn or hoof by
the methods before described, at the option of the manufacturer, may be inlaid
or conjoined with any kind of metal or other material for the purposes of
outward ornament.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Deakin, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and twenty-nine.
Signed, sealed, and delivered, being
first duly stamped, by the within-
named James Deakin, in the
presence of
EDWD ATKIN.
JAMES (L.B.) DEAKIN.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fourth day of March, in the
year of our Lord 1829, the aforesaid James Deakin came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.