CERTAIN HYGIENIC APPARATUS AND PROCESSES. FOR PREVENTING AND CURING CHRONICAL AND OTHER AFFECTIONS, AND TO PREVENT-OR STOP CERTAIN EPIDEMIC DISEASES
Year: 1848

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PIERRE
ARMANDE LECOMTE DE FONTAINE MOREAU, of No. 4, South Street, Finsbury,
in the County of Middlesex; English and Foreign Patent Agent for Inventions,
send greeting..
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under. the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-first day of December, One thousand eight hundred
and forty-eight, in the twelfth year. of Her reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs
and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Pierre Armand Lecointe
de Fontaine Moreau; my exors, adñors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Pierre Armand Lecomte
de Fontaine Moreau, my exors; adññors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within: England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and
in the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and in all
Her said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, the Invention of "CERTAIN
HYGIENIC APPARATUS AND PROCESSES. FOR PREVENTING AND CURING CHRONICAL AND
OTHER AFFECTIONS, AND TO PREVENT-OR STOP CERTAIN EPIDEMIC DISEASES,"
communicated to me from abroad-; in which said Letters Patent is contained.a

page_text: proviso that I, the said Pierre Armand Lecomte de Fontaine Moreau, should
cause a particular description of the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, and to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Pierre Armand Lecomte de Fontaine Moreau, do hereby declare that the
nature of the said Invention communicated to me, and the manner of per
forming and carrying out the same, are particularly described and ascertained
by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the figures therein contained, in which the same
letters of reference indicate similar parts, that is to say:-
The Invention communicated to me consists-
Firstly, in treating certain diseases and affections of the human body by
the application of cold dry heat or water on the diseased part without humect-
ing it; and in effecting these infections by means of waterproof garments
with which I envelope the part or parts to be operated upon,
Secondly, in the construction of certain apparatus, such as beds, sofas,
couches, &c., and for affording relief, and to treat diseased invalids and other
persons I construct garments of all sizes, made of calico, silk, ticking, linen,
netting, or any tissue rendered waterproof by means of caoutchoux, india
rubber, gutta percha, collodion, or any other suitable substance producing a
similar effect. I will here observe that it is competent for me to employ one
or more waterproof surfaces as herein-after described for the construction of
my garments in order to protect the patient from all chance of humidity
during a long-continued operation, although the simple surface will be found
adequate for the majority of cases. These garments serve as a mode of con-
veying or administering local or general baths at any desired temperature in
the ordinary bathing machine without the water being in immediate contact
with the person of the patient. I have constructed for that purpose a paletot
sack.
Figure 1, Drawing I., drawers. Figure 2, stockings, Figure 7 and 8, for foot
bath. The drawers, Figure 3, are provided with braces, and a small vaginal tube a..
They are especially applied for the treatment of complaints of the generative
organs of women. In order to operate I introduce into the vaginal tube a an
oilskin waterproof silk pocket, or any other suitable substance, and I then
cause it to penetrate into these generative organs by means of the finger or

page_text: of a speculum. The bag or pocket is fixed to the moveable portable pumping
bath, Figure 4, by means of the groove adapted to the vaginal tube a. The
pumping apparatus represented by Figure 4 is in communication with the
pump S, Figure 12, by an elastic conduct tube, as represented in the same
Figure. By this pumping apparatus I administer baths and irrigations of a
long duration in the diseased parts of women, either when in a bath, on a sofa,
couch, or in bed, without wetting the patient, who may daily require the repe-
tition of such powerful agents, cold by means of water is carried into these
parts, and the heat maintained on the skin at the same time. This portable
pump bath apparatus herein-before mentioned is composed of a waterproof
bag or pocket distended by means of a spiral spring, and is used with the
ordinary alimenting pump S, Figure 12, fixed on the periphery of a tub con-
taining the liquid, and provided with two flexible pipes, serving to obtain a
double conduct to apply continuous pumping on herniæ, which are to be
subjected to a cold treatment. I prescribe hot and dry pumping by the same
means for symphatic, scrofulous, and other obstructions.
The portable
pumping bath unscrews at discretion. I pump and apply irrigations to insano
persons by means of the caps c, c, c, as represented by Figures 12, 13, and 14.
They are fixed on the head, and can be folded at will. I apply also affusions
to persons attacked by congestion of the brain without the water touching*
any other part of the patient. The conduct pipes are provided with screws, by
which they
are fixed to the top and circumference of the caps c, c, c, as shewn
at A, B, of the same Figures.
Double Waterproof Garments.-As I have herein-before stated, I also
construct garments with double surfaces. They consist merely of a second
surface supperposed on a first. They have a shape exactly similar to the
garments or apparatus I have already described, but they are nevertheless a
little wider to allow room for the liquid which is to be introduced between the
two surfaces composing them. I introduce the water by means of a valve,
and it egresses at discretion through a small tap E, E, Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, and
9, with which the double apparatus is provided.
I construct waistcoats, the form of which is shewn in Figure 5, Drawing 1,
which I employ for treating phthisia at its beginning, inflammation of the
lungs, &c. This waistcoat may be divided into two parts at the seam o of the
same Figure.
Figure 6 shews a pair of drawers, with the vaginal tube a for treating
maladies of the organs of the pelvis.
Figure 7 shews a semi-pair of drawers, with an external egress at E, it
serves for treating the sciatica by the application of dry heat.

page_text: Figures 8 and 9 are boots and half-boots to replace poultices, sinapisms,
and hot water baths for the lower limbs; they are also provided with the
external egress E.
Figure 10 is a reservoir flattened apparatus, with parallel surfaces, replacing
poultices, and fomentations. I construct other numerous apparatus of different
forms with double surfaces, having, for instance, the shape of cups, to be
applied on the breasts for scrofulous, scirrhous, cymphatic swellings which have
resisted all attempts of medicinal cure, and which I treat with a constant
application of dry heat. These apparatus take the form of the parts upon
which they are applied, and as I can vary them indefinitely according to
circumstances, I think it therefore useless to give a particular description of
them, as they are sufficiently pointed out in the herein-before described mode
of constructing them, and in the Drawing.
Secondly, Calefactor Apparatus, for the use of persons having rheumatism,
women lying in, patients attacked of the cholera, &c., &c., &c.
Figure 1, Drawing II., is a side elevation of the mattress with-its-spiral
springs. Figure 2 represents a side view in elevation of the warming stove.
Figure 3 is a bird's-eye view of the warming stove. Figure 4 is a bird's-
eye view of the mattress, with the small hooks by which the spiral are united.
Figure 5 is a plan of the mattress, shewing the basis, of the, spiral, with the
hooks rivetted to maintain them on the frame of the mattress. Figure 6 repre-
sents one of the hooks serving to maintain the spiral springs and frame. This
apparatus is composed :-Firstly, of an elastic mattress entirely metallic.
Secondly, of a bottom (Figure 2), made into compartments, constructed of
sheet iron or zinc, as shewn in A, A, Figures 2 and 3. Thirdly, of a frame
having the form of a bedstead, couch, or sofa. The mattress is constructed by
means of spiral springs E, E, E, made of tinned or galvanized brass. or iron.
These springs have an upper and lower surface. The first is fixed to the
spring, and on the four sides by metallic hooks also tinned or galvanized,
having the form shewn at Figure 6, and one inch and a half in length. The
second surface is set on an assemblage of iron bands which form the bottom
of the mattress. It is united with the springs and with the bands by means
of metallic hooks, one inch and a half in size, also tinned or galvanized, and
fixed by a rivet to the bands, as shewn in Figure 5.
bottom of the frame of the mattress is composed of four iron bars, of one inch
in width, by one tenth of an inch in thickness, and its upper part is formed by
a rod of the same length, on which is attached the upper extremity of the
lateral springs by means of much stronger, hooks, but shorter than the first.
The bars and rod are united laterally by supports six inches and a half high..
The lower part of the

page_text: This mattress.is set. hermetically on the bottom, with compartments fixed' on
each side in at rabbet about one inch deep. made in the frame of bedstead;
couch, or sofa. The three compartments A, A, A, are together about five
feet in length for a large. bed, and occupy. the centre of the bottom, made of
sheet iron or-zinc, with which they are joined and rivetted. They are about
eight inches in height and eleven inches in width. The two internal bands
which separate them are provided at c, c, with two holes, opening. at discretion
for the egress of-the, heat. In the lateral parts there are on one side threc
small holes for the egress of the heat. On the other side there are three
slide doors F,.F, F, presenting an opening of the extent of about five inches,
through which I.introduce.the.lamps with spirits of wine, serving to produce
the heat. I place the lamps between two tin.plates, supported by four
metallic rods. The opening in the middle will serve also to admit a night
convenience corresponding in size to an opening made purposely in the
mattress, and by means of a conduit or funnel-made of gummed silk, gutta
percha, or of similar substances, the fœces of the invalid may be received
without smell in the middle compartment. One single compartment, and a
lamp placed at the foot of the bed suffice to heat the last, to obtain which it is
merely necessary to force in sticks rounded at their extremity within the
separate springs by pushing back the mattress laterally. The other extre-
mities raise up the bed clothes of the invalid, and permit the heat to reach
him in those parts that it is desired more especially to subject to the action of
the caloric.
And having now described the nature of the Invention communicated to me,
and the manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I
do not confine myself to the use of the several substances and materials
employed, nor to the precise form and size of the apparatus herein-before
described, nor do I lay claim to the said substances and materials, or modi
operandi, beyond their application for obtaining the end of my Invention.
But what I claim as the Invention communicated to me, and intended to be
protected by Her Majesty's Letters Patent, is,-
Firstly, the treatment of certain diseases and affections of the human body
by the application thereon of cold dry heat and water, without humidity, as
therein-before described in reference to the Figures in Drawing I.
Secondly, the application of waterproof garments having the shape of the
several parts of the body, made of any dimensions, as media for operating
upon the human body, as herein-before described in reference to the Figures of
Drawing 1.

page_text: Thirdly, the construction of an apparatus having the form of a bed, sofa, or
couch, for affording relief, repose, and heat to afflicted and other persons, as
herein-before described in reference to Drawing II.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pierre Armand Le Comte de Fontaine
Moreau, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day
of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
forty-nine
Thirdly, the construction of an apparatus having the form of a bed, sofa, or
couch, for affording relief, repose, and heat to afflicted and other persons, as
herein-before described in reference to Drawing II.
In witness whereof, I, the said Pierre Armand Le Comte de Fontaine
Moreau, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day
of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
forty-nine
L. DE FON (L.S.) TAINEMOREAU.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-first day of June, in
the year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid Pierre Armand Le Comte de Fon-
taine Moreau came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and
acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein
contained and specified, in form above written. And also the Specification
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made for that
purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-first day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.