Improvements in Apparatus for Warming or Keeping Warm Children's or Invalids' Food, and for other Warming or Heating Purposes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Jan., 1895-Accepted, 16th Feb., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Warming or Keeping Warm
Children's or Invalids' Food, and for other Warming or
Heating Purposes.
We. GEORGE CUPIT FOWLER and MORRIS BROAD FOWLER, both of 75
Tressillian Road, Brockley. in the County of Kent, Night Light Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates more particularly to that class of apparatus known as
infant's food warmers, but is also applicable to apparatus for other warming or
heating purposes.
Heretofore infant's wood warmers have, according to one plan, been made with
provision for centrally holding a night or other such light in the base, and with a
hot air chamber above such light to receive on its rim a water vessel, which, by its
rim, supports the food vessel, whilst the hot air chamber is provided around its
upper part with openings for the escape of the comparatively cooled air
therefrom.
Another form of such like apparatus is similar to the above except that the hot
air chamber surrounding the lower part of the water chamber, has a bottom
provided with a central opening for the entrance of the heat and products of
combustion from the light. Another form of such class of apparatus consists of a
hot air chamber which is placed over a night or such like light, which chamber is
formed with a central hole in its bottom, rather closely over which is a deflecting
plate to prevent the flame and heat from the light from playing directly upon the
bottom of the food or such like vessel, holes being also provided in the sides of such
hot air chamber for the escape of the comparatively cooled air and products of
combustion therefrom. In yet another form of such like apparatus a chamber has
been placed over a light so as to completely enclose it, except that a single rather
large hole has been made in the side thereof for the admission of air to support
combustion and to permit of the passage of light, and such chamber has had at its
upper part a diaphragm of wire gauze, on to which the food or other vessel whose
contents are to be warmed or kept warm, is directly placed. We do not therefore
claim any of the above combinations.
According to our invention we employ a night or other like light, or a lamp, gas
or other burner, over which we place a support, on the rim of which is supported a
hot air chamber carrying on its rim the food vessel or other such vessel the contents
of which it is desired to heat. The support above referred to may itself form the
hot air chamber, thereby dispensing with a separate or distinct hot air chamber
additional to the support. The hot air chamber has an open bottom provided with
a flange, on which is supported a single or double diaphragm or deflector, which,
whilst enabling the products of combustion to pass into the hot air chamber, will
prevent the same and the flame from striking directly on the bottom of the food or
other vessel whose contents are to be heated. The diaphragm or deflector may be
flat or dome shaped or a combination of the two, and it may be made of metal,
earthenware or asbestos; such diaphragm or deflector may consist simply of
perforated metal, or of metal gauze, or it may have an unperforated central portion
serving as a deflector, and when using a double diaphragm or deflector they may be
in any of the forms or combinations of forms above described, but it is preferred
that the lower diaphragm shall have an unperforated central deflector and

page_text: perforations all around the same, and that the upper one shall have a large central
aperture protected by such deflector and a solid part surrounding said central
aperture.
When made of asbestos or earthenware the diaphragm may be made as
above described, or it may have no openings or perforations therethrough, in which
case the bottom of the vessel to be warmed or heated may rest thereon. In all cases
the lower part of the vessel to be warmed or heated will descend well into the hot
air chamber so as to be surrounded by the hot air therein. The air holes in the hot
air chamber, as also in the diaphragm, may according to the invention be provided
with regulating means to control the heat; or such regulating means may be
applied to only one of such parts.
The apparatus above described may be used for various warming or heating
purposes in addition to those above referred to, amongst which are the vapourizing
of disinfectants and the heating of vessels in which a low heat is required for
manufacturing purposes, such as evaporating, &c.
Dated this 2nd day of April 1894.
GEO. CUPIT FOWLER,
MORRIS B. FOWLER,
By Harris & Mills,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.
DI MUITIVATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Warming or Keeping Warm
Children's or Invalids' Food, and for other Warming or
Heating Purposes.
We, GEORGE CUPIT FOWLER and MORRIS BROAD FOWLER, both of
75 Tressillian Road, Brockley, in the County of Kent, Night Light Manufacturers,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The invention relates more particularly to that class of apparatus known as
infant's food warmers, but is also applicable to apparatus for other warming
or heating purposes.
Heretofore infant's food-warmers have, according to one plan, been made with
provision for centrally holding a night or other such light in the base and with a
hot air chamber above such light to receive on its rim a water vessel, which, by i
rim, supports the food vessel, whilst the hot air chamber is provided around it.
upper part with openings for the escape of the comparatively cooled air
therefrom.
Another form of such like apparatus is similar to the above except that the hot
air chamber surrounding the lower part of the water chamber has a bottom
provided with a central opening for the entrance of the heat and products of
combustion from the light.
Another form of such class of apparatus consists of a hot air chamber which is
placed over a night or such like light, which chamber is formed with a central hole
in its bottom, rather closely over which is a deflecting plate to prevent the flame
and heat from the light from playing directly upon the bottom of the food or such
like vessel, holes being also provided in the sides of such hot air chamber for the
escape of the comparatively cooled air and products of combustion therefrom.
In yet another form of such like apparatus a chamber has been placed over
a light so as to completely enclose it except that a single rather large hole has been
made in the side thereof for the admission of air to support combustion and
to permit of the passage of light, and such chamber has had at its upper part

page_text: a diaphragm or wire gauze, on to which the 100d or other vesser whose comments are
to be warmed or kept warm, is directly placed.
We do not therefore claim any of the above combinations.
We will describe our invention in connection with the accompanying drawings,
in which :-
Fig. 1 is an elevation and Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a food-warmer constructed
according to onr invention, and
Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views of a slight modification.
Figs. 5 to 1 are cross sections of various forms of diaphragms or deflectors used
therewith.
According to our invention we employ a night or other like light or a lamp, gas
or other burner, over which, according to the arrangement shown at Figs. 1 and 2,
we place a support a, on the rim a of which is supported a hot air chamber b
carrying, on its rim, the food vessel c or other such vessel the contents of which
it is desired to heat. Or, as shown at Figs. 3 and 4, the support a above referred
to may itself form the hot air chamber, thereby dispensing with a separate or
distinct hot air chamber additional to the support.
The hot air chamber or the
support has an open bottom provided with an internal flange, wire or other carrier,
on which is supported a single diaphragm or deflector d, or a double diaphragm or
deflector d d*, which, whilst enabling the products of combustion to pass into the
hot air chamber, will prevent the same and the flame from striking directly on the
bottom of the food or other vessel c whose contents are to be heated.
C
The diaphragm or deflector d may be flat, as shown at Figs. 5 and 6, or dome
shaped as shown at Figs. 7 and 8, or a combination of the two as shown at Figs. 9
and 10 and 11 and 12, and it may be made of metal, earthenware, asbestos or other
suitable material; such diaphragm or deflector d er d* may consist simply of
perforated metal or of metal gauze, or it may, as shown at Figs. 2, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8,
have an unperforated central portion d' serving as a deflector, and when using
a double diaphragm or deflector d d*, they may be in any of the forms or
combinations of forms above described, but it is preferred that the lower diaphragm d
shall have an unperforated central deflector and perforations or air passages all
around the same, and that the upper one d* shall have a large central aperture d²
protected by such deflector d' and a solid part surrounding said central aperture d².
If desired the upper diaphragm or deflector may be made flat, in which case
a suitable support will be provided for the same or it may be supported by the
bottom diaphragm or deflector. The diaphragm may be made as above described
whether made of metal, asbestos, or earthenware, or it may have no openings or
perforations therethrough, in which case the bottom of the vessel to be warmed or
heated may rest thereon.
In all cases the lower part of the vessel c to be warmed or heated will descend
well into the hot air chamber so as to be surrounded by the hot air therein.
The air holes in the hot air chamber b, as also in the diaphragm d or d*, may,
according to the invention, be provided with regulating means to control the heat,
or such regulating means may be applied to only one of such parts. We have not
thought it necessary to illustrate such arrangement as it will be readily understood
from the above description.
The apparatus above described may be used for various warming or heating
purposes in addition to those above referred to, amongst which are tue vapourizing
of disinfectants, and the heating of vessels in which a low heat is required for
manufacturing purposes, such as evaporating, &c.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our sail inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The improved apparatus for warming or keeping warm children's or invalids'
food and for other warming or heating purposes, substantially as herein shown and
described.

page_text: 2. The apparatus herein described and represented in the accompanying drawings
for warming or keeping warm children's or invalids' food and for other warming or
heating purposes.
Dated this 2nd day of January 1895.
HARRIS & MILLS,
23, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents.