Improvements in the Manufacture from Vegetable Substances of Products suitable for Use as Cattle Food, for Making Boiler Compositions or Fluids, and for other purposes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 28th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 28th Apr., 1894
RUVIDIONAL DILUIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture from Vegetable Substances of
Products suitable for Use as Cattle Food, for Making Boiler
Compositions or Fluids, and for other purposes.
I, JOHN MILES of 3 St. John's Place, Castle Street, Kingsland in the County
of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to manufacture from vegetable substances, products
composed in great part of vegetable salts and suitable for use as cattle food, for
making compositions or fluids to prevent or remove boiler incrustations, and for
other purposes.
For the purpose of my invention I take any non poisonous vegetable substances
that contain alkalies, alkaloids, salts or natural bases, and among others, herbs,
roots, barks, woods, fruits, flowers and vegetables or tubers such as are commonly
used as food. In practice I generally use those herbs, roots and barks that will
give a medicinal character to the final product in combination with vegetable
substances such as are commonly used as food so as to give a nutritious or
nourishing character to the final product. The proportions of these two classes
of substances will naturally vary according to the particular substances of each class
employed, and the more or less medicinal nature or more or less nutritious nature
desired in the final product.
The herbs, roots and barks are cut up as fine as practicable for which purpose a
chaff cutter may advantageously be employed for the herbs and a chopping machine
for the roots and barks. The vegetable substances, such as potatoes, carrots, cabbages
or other ordinary vegetable food should also be chopped up after having been well
washed from earthy matter, and any that are diseased or decayed should have
been eliminated.
The cut-up herbs, roots and barks and the cut-up vegetables or tubers in the
desired proportions are then put into a pulping machine and reduced to the state of
pulp and thoroughly incorporated together. The pulp is then digested for 24 hours
or more in a solution which is preferably a solution of the sediment obtained from
the treatment of previous quantities of the like materials. The digested pulp is next
boiled, preferably in steani-jacketted pans for 8 hours or more, distilled water being
added from time to time except during the last hour or so in order to keep the pulp
covered. During the last hour more or less the pulp is allowed to dry off. The dried
pulp is then baked and this can conveniently be effected on trays, after which it is
allowed to cool in the open air. It is next crushed and ground, care being taken
to prevent the powder or fine particles flying about. The ground material
subjected to a high temperature in ovens or heating chambers so as to free it from
carbonaceous materials, the powder not being allowed to fuse. It is allowed to
cool in the ovens and should then be put into air-tight canisters or vessels until
required for use. The powder thus made combines medicinal and nutritious qualities
and will be found very beneficial as a cattle food.
then
It is also useful among other purposes for making a composition or fluid to prevent
or remove incrustation in steam boilers, for which purpose it is preferably mixed.
with mineral alkalies. For use in domestic boilers it should be distilled off with
spirit after the mineral alkalies have been mixed with it.
During the process hereinbefore described of making the powder from vegetable.
substances I obtain or extract the fats, oils and essences therefrom. The fatty and

page_text: oily matters can be readily removed during or after the boiling process while the
essences or volatile matters as they are evolved can be collected and condensed.
Dated this 29th day of March 1893.
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent.
.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture from Vegetable Substances of
Products suitable for Use as Cattle Food, for Making Boiler
Compositions or Fluids, and for other purposes.
I, JOHN MILES of 3 St. John's Place, Castle Street, Kingsland in the County
of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to manufacture from vegetable substances, products
composed in great part of vegetable salts and suitable for use as cattle food, for
making compositions or fluids to prevent or remove boiler incrustations, and for
other purposes.
For the purpose of my invention I take any non-poisonous vegetable substances
that contain alkalies, alkaloids, salts or natural bases, as for example herbs, roots,
barks, woods, fruits, flowers and vegetables or tubers such as are commonly used as
food, the substances that are employed when a cattle food or medicine is required
being chosen for their nutritive or medicinal properties in accordance with common
knowledge having regard to the particular animals for which they are intended and
the particular ailments it is desired to alleviate. I may give merely as an
example the following as suitable vegetable substances from which to make a
nutritious mixture or food for cattle.

page_text: which it is allowed to cool in the open air. It is next crushed and ground,
preferably in mills having appropriate sifting appliances, and then heated in ovens
or heating chambers to a more or less high temperature according to the particular
food required to be made, the powder not being in any case allowed to fuse;
a higher temperature being desirable when cattle food is to be made than when it
is wished to make a food having chiefly medicinal properties. It is allowed to cool
in the ovens and should then be put into air-tight canisters or vessels until required
for use.
The powder thus made constitutes a cattle food or a medicine or a
combined food and medicine according to the particular vegetable substances that
have been employed.
My invention is not limited to the treatment of a mixture of vegetable substances:
I can also make products suitable for food or medicine or for ingredients in food or
medicine for domestic or other purposes by submitting a single vegetable substance
to the treatment hereinbefore described.
Powders obtained as above described are also useful among other purposes for
making a composition or fluid to prevent or remove incrustation in steam boilers;
for this purpose the powder should generally be mixed with mineral alkalies,
although for some kinds of boiler water this is not necessary. The powder is
preferably made into balls or blocks by mixing it with a vegetable pulp consisting
of any non-poisonous vegetable (waste) substance reduced to a pulp and then
boiled; some green treacle may also be added to bind the mixture and the balls
may then be dried off in a slow oven. The balls or blocks are then burnt in wood
fires (the wood beiug of a non-poisonous nature) to a fine ash which constitutes the
composition for preventing or removing boiler incrustation. In making a boiler
fluid when I mix alkalies with my finished vegetable powder the following are
suitable proportions of the ingredients :-
Finished vegetable powder
Best Scotch crystal soda
Caustic soda
Black cutch as coloring -
15 lbs.
100
"
12
1+
•
دو
When mineral alkalies are not mixed with the powder the following are suitable
proportions
Finished vegetable powder
Black cutch as coloring-
Water
-
25 lbs.
1 »
100 gallons.
A suitable proportion of the fluid for use in steam boilers is generally about
one quarter pint per horse power, the supply being renewed about twice a week.
For a fluid for use in domestic boilers the water of which is not used for
drinking or cooking, I make a fluid as for steam boilers in the manner above
explained and add about one pint of spirits of wine for every gallon of fluid and
then distil off into a condenser or receiving tank, the condensed product being used
as the boiler fluid. If the boiler water is to be used for drinking or cooking I make
a fluid with the finished vegetable powder and water and then add one pint of
spirits of wine for every gallon. I then distil off into a condenser and receiving
tank.
The composition or fluid as prepared for preventing or removing incrustation in
steam boilers will also prevent oxidation and pitting in steam and other boilers,
also priming, and preserve metals.
For the purpose of manufacturing in the manner herein before described powders
to be used for or to be made into a composition or fluid for preventing or removing
incrustation in boilers on for preventing oxidation or for preserving metals, I
preferably employ vegetable substances which possess nutritive properties together
with vegetable substances which possess medicinal properties. It is not important

page_text: what particular substances of these two kinds are selected or in what proportions
they are used, but I find in practice that the greater the variety of the
substances employed the better is the resulting powder adapted for the purposes
mentioned.
During the process hereinbefore described of making the powder from vegetable
substances I obtain or extract the fats, oils and essences therefrom. The fatty and
oily matters can be readily removed during or after the boiling process, while
or volatile matters as they are evolved can be collected and
the essences
.condensed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. The manufacture of products suitable for use as cattle food or as food or
medicine or ingredients to be used in food or medicine for domestic or other
purposes by submitting vegetable substances such as are herein before referred to,
to a series of successive treatments, substantially such as herein before described.
2. The manufacture of products suitable for use for preventing or removing
incrustation in steam boilers or for the prevention of oxidation or of priming
by submitting vegetable substances such as are hereinbefore referred to, to a
series of successive treatments substantially such as herein before described, whether
the products thereby obtained be subsequently mixed or not with mineral alkalies
.as set forth.
3. The manufacture of products suitable for use for preventing or removing
incrustation in domestic boilers by submitting vegetable substances such as are
herein before referred to, to a series of successive treatments substantially such as
hereinbefore described, and then adding water and spirit with or without mineral
alkalies and then distilling off the mixture, as set forth.
4. The treatment of non-poisonous vegetable substances substantially in the
manner hereinbefore described so as to obtain useful products therefrom.
Dated this 27th day of December 1893.
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent..