Improvements in Anti-friction Bearings.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Jan., 1898-Accepted, 19th Feb., 1898
Improvements in Anti-friction Bearings.
I, JOHN RITTENHOUSE CORYELL, Engineer, of San Francisco, in the United
States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:
This invention has relation to anti-friction bearings, and more particularly to
what has been termed roller bearings.
The chief object of the said invention is to protect the bearing rollers against the
end thrust of the journal, and to brace the various parts of the journal box against
strain. To this end the said invention consists in the combination of parts herein-
after particularly set forth and claimed..
In the drawings:
Fig. 1, is a sectional view of the casing and anti-friction bearing frame, showing
the journal and anti-friction rollers and balls in elevation.
Fig. 2, is an end view of the journal and anti-friction rollers and frame.
Fig. 3, is a detail view of the rollers being partly in section to show the pivotal
hangings of the same.
The rollers, A, are mounted in a frame consisting of cross bars, B2, and circular
end pieces, B, connected thereby, in which end pieces the rollers are mounted on
the pins, B, and they bear against the shaft snugly. The pins, B¹, are set
rigidly in the end pieces, B, and extend into sockets in the ends of the rollers, A.
To maintain the rollers in the position on the journal, X, the journal is provided,
in the outer end, with the groove, C, which is rectangular in cross section, to receive
the single ball, D. This ball is enclosed by the said groove, C, and the cap, E,
which when placed in position forms with the end piece of the frame, the counter-
part of the groove, C, and with the groove, C, an annular chamber rectangular in
cross section surrounding the end of the shaft. The groove, C, in the end of the
shaft and the cap, E, equally divide the annular chamber. By means of this
construction the center of the ball, 1), is brought at a level with the parting of the
chamber, so that any displacement, which would be caused by an end-wise move-
ment, is received upon the ball immediately, not allowing any movement such as
would occur were the parting lines of the groove, C, and the cap, E, to either side
the center of the ball. The cap, E, is secured in position on the outer end piece, B,
by means of screws, E. When there now occurs any displacement of the journal,
by reason of the end thrust, the bearing is compelled to move with the journal,
being held in its relative position by the ball, D².
In the construction of the casing the objects sought to be obtained are to produce
a box, dust proof, and one which will resist the full crushing strain as a solid
construction. It is with this purpose that the box is enclosed at opposite ends by
the screw threaded plugs, F, F. Both of these plugs are set in the frame of the
casing, being provided with screw threads for that purpose as shown in the draw-
ings, Fig. 1. Both are hollowed out to give sufficient play to the roller bearings.
In the plug, F, provision is made to receive the cap, F2, which is set on the

page_text: plug, F1, by a screw thread construction similar to that in which the plug, F1,
is set in the frame of the casing. The purpose of this cap, F³, is to receive the
end thrust of the journal the same being, thereby conveyed to the casing and not
to the bearing rollers. For this purpose the journal is provided with the groove, C¹,
outside of the casing. This groove is formed by the collar, X', and the internal 5
shoulder, X, integrally formed upon the journal or shaft, X. An annular
chamber C, rectangular in cross section, is formed by the outer face of the
plug, F, and a recess in the cap, F2, and the groove, C¹, when the same are drawn
together by means of the screw thread construction above referred to. The parting
walls of this square annular chamber are formed to part on a line with the center of
the single ball, D', which is placed in this annular chamber. The reason for this
construction is similar to that above described with reference to the ball, D, and
the chamber, C.
Between the inner surface of the cap, F, and the shoulder, X³, on the shaft,
any suitable form of bushing or packing may be placed, its office being to prevent
the admission of dust into the groove, C¹. Should, however, this be omitted it
will be at once perceived that the dust if it got through the parting of the said
shoulder and cap, F, would be received in the chamber, C³, and not obtain
admission into the casing in which the rollers, A, are operating.
When the bearing rollers within their frame, have been applied to the journal, 2
and it is sought for any reason to remove them, this might be readily accomplished
by unscrewing the plug, F, from the outer face of the casing to expose the journal
and the bearing rollers. In doing so the cap, E, is exposed so that the screws, E¹,
may be withdrawn, and the cap, E, removed. When this cap, E, is removed, the
ball, D, falls from its position, and there is nothing to prevent the withdrawal of the 2
frame, carrying the rollers, A, as one piece. The reverse of this operation is followed
when the bearing frames and rollers are to be inserted.
With the plugs, F, F', in position, and driven snugly home so as to fill the screw
thread completely, it will be observed that the casing is rendered as nearly solid
to all vertical strains as it is possible, while within the interior of the casing formed 3
by the caps, the rollers are fitted snugly in the space between the journal and the
interior surface of the casing.
By using the single balls, D, D¹, in the annular chambers of the form described
and the framing about the same, I obtain all of the advantages possible in the
avoidance of friction, as the balls are caused to rotate, by the contact of two points 3
on their surface only, and those being in direct line with the thrust and not at an
inclination thereto. I have discovered that the use of a single ball gives me all
of the effect desired without any of the additional friction which might be caused
by the adjacent surfaces of more balls abutting and grinding against each other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven- 4
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In combination with a journal, X, having two annular grooves, C, and C', near
its end respectively; of a pair of caps, E, and F³, internally recessed to form with
said grooves a pair of annular chambers; a ball, D, and D', in each chamber to take 4
the end thrust of the said journal; a casing, means for fastening one of said caps
to said casing; a frame attached to the other cap and provided with end pieces, B:
and a set of anti-friction rollers, A, mounted in the said end pieces, substantially
as set forth.
2. A set of anti-friction rollers, A, and the frame in which they are mounted, 5
in combination with a journal, X, with which the said rollers are in contact, a
casing surrounding the same; a pair of plugs, F, and F¹, for the ends of the said
casing a cap, F2, attached to one of the said plugs and having an internal recess
which combines with an annular groove, C¹, of the said journal to make an annular
chamber; and a ball, D¹, arranged in the said chamber, substantially as set forth. 5
3. In combination with a journal, X, annularly grooved at its inner end, a set of

page_text: anti-friction rollers, A, in contact therewith; a frame in which the said rollers are
mounted; a casing which encloses them, an attachment of the said casing which
is recessed to form an annular chamber, C, with the said groove of the journal:
and a ball, D', in this chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. In combination with a set of anti-friction rollers, A, and an enclosing casing;
a journal, X, which is annularly grooved at its outer end and arranged centrally
with respect to the said rollers; a frame in which the said rollers are mounted; a
cap, E, which is attached to the said frame and recessed to form with the said
groove an annular chamber, C; and a ball, D, arranged in the said chamber,
substantially as set forth.
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