IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan-Brown, Patent Agent, of 38, Southampton
Buildings, London, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
A communication from abroad by Nathaniel "Wheeler, of Bridgeport, Fairfield,
Connectiont IInited States of
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan-Brown at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th November 1881.
"
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, Patent Agent, of 38, Southampton Buildings,
London. IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES." [A communication from
abroad by Nathaniel Wheeler, of Bridgeport, Fairfield, Connecticut, United States
of America.]
This Invention relates to and is an improvement on the Wheeler and Wilson
class of sewing machines employing a rotating hook.
This Invention consists in a four motioned feeding device having an overhanging
toothed portion, and fixed fulcrum projecting laterally from but one side thereof in
the same direction as the said overhanging portion, combined with an arm of a
rock shaft which receives the said stud, the thickness of the said arın and the
length of the said fulcrum being sufficient to firmly support the rear end of the
feed bar by the fulcrum extended only from one side, and prevent the bar from
twisting or turning.
Also in a feeding device having a short arm, an overhanging toothed portion,
and a fixed fulcrum projecting laterally from but one side thereof in the same
direction as the said over hanging portion, combined with an arm of a rock shaft
which receives the said stud and with a spring to depress the feed bar.
Also in a rocking shaft and its single arm to support and direct the feed,
combined with a feeding device having overhanging feed points, and a fulcrum
fixed to the said bar and extended laterally from the side of the said bar into a
bearing in the said single arm in the direction of the overhanging feed points, to a
point as remote from the centre of the feed bar as the slot in the feed bar through
which the needle descends, the said stud or fulcrum serving to keep the same and
the feed-bar and its feed-points from being turned partially over.

page_text: Also in a rock shaft having two arms and a feeding device provided with a
fulcrum extended into and supported and carried by one of the said arms of the
said rock-shaft, combined with a lever of the first order, a cam to operate the said
lever, and an adjustable pin intermediate, the said lever and another arm of the
said rock-shaft to control the extent of the feed movement or length of stitch.
Also in a rocker shaft and its crank and link combined with the needle bar, the
Baid crank and link retarding the movement of the needle bar at the upper end of
its movement, and accelerating it at the lower end of its movement as described,
the pin joining, the said crank and link crossing the centre line of the needle bar
at its rear side only at the end of the upward stroke of the crank.
Also in a hook and hook shaft, a rotating shaft and link to rotate the hook
shaft, and a needle operating rock shaft provided with oppositely placed cranks as
described, combined with a connecting rod and with a needle bar and link operated
from the said rock shaft.
Also in the combination with the needle bar and needle of a needle thread
guide placed outside the head of the machine to enable the thread to be led
diagonally across the needle into its eye, and located in front of the needle bar
towards the operator to counteract the tendency of the thread to draw the needle
in the direction of the line of stitching and feed.
Also in an improved construction of take up to facilitate threading it.
The frame work of the machine is of usual shape.
The main driving shaft supported in bearings has at its front end a disc provided
with a crank pin, thus constituting a crank which is joined by link with the crank
on the rotary hook shaft, it having at its end the usual hook, all as common in the
Wheeler and Wilson machine.
The main driving shaft has upon it at the rear of crank a cam which acts upon
a lever and moves the said lever a uniform distance at each rotation of the shaft.
The lever is that which imparts forward movement to the feeding device
through the intervention of mechanism, which will now be described.
The rear end of the feeding device has fixed to it a stud which is extended
therefrom laterally, and takes a bearing in the arm of the rock shaft, having at its
opposite end a second arm at right angles to the arm of the rock shaft, the arm
being extended toward the shaft immediately below the outer end of the lever.
A pin or stud of a link pivoted at its rear end to a stitch regulating lever on a
fulcrum interposed between the lever and arın and the said pin is made adjustable
as to its position with relation to the fulcrum of the lever, and the centre line of
the rock shaft, thus enabling adjustment of the said pin to cause the lever, the
stroke of which is uniform, as stated, to impart more or less rocking motion to the
rock shaft and consequently a greater or less stroke to the feed, to thereby control
the length of the stitch, the feed being longer the nearer the pin is brought toward
the outer end of the lever, and vice versa.
To retain this lever in adjusted position a spring washer will be interposed
between the lever and the screw head of the fulcrum.
The short arm of the feeding device is acted upon by a spring attached to a fixed
lug, the said spring serving the double purpose of moving the arm of the rock
shaft in such direction as to constantly keep its arm pressed upward against the
pin, and the latter against the outer end of the lever, and consequently the inner
end of said lever down upon the cam, the said spring also keeping the underside of
the feeding device down in contact with the lifting cam.
The driving shaft also has on it a crank which is embraced by the lower end of
a connecting rod joined at its upper end with the crank of the rocker shaft held
in bearings, the said rocker shaft having at its outer end a crank which imparts
movement to the needle bar and needle through a link.
This rocker shaft for imparting movement to the needle bar is arranged with its
arms or cranks projecting therefrom in substantially diametrically opposite
directions, they moving the needle bar and the connecting rod in opposite
directions, thus counterbalancing the weight of the connections of the said shaft

page_text: and the needle bar lessening the effect of momentum, and consequently the shock
resulting therefrom, as would be the effect if both cranks extended from the same
side of the shaft in the same direction and the movement of the needle bar and
connecting rod joined with the said cranks were simultaneously in the same
direction.
By counterbalancing the shaft the movement of the machine is made easier and
its speed is greatly increased without increase of noise and jar.
The end of the crank which operates the needle bar joined by a link with the
stud of a collar secured to the said needle bar.
The length of the crank and its position on the rock shaft moved from the
driving shaft and its arrangement in relation to the needle bar are such, that as
the crank starts downward from its highest point or full line position, part of the
effect of the crank movement on the needle bar is lost by reason of the relative
positions of the crank, the pin and link, the pin in its highest position passing
across the needle bar which retards the first part of the descent of the needle bar,
but as soon as the said pin reaches a position substantially in the same horizontal
line with the rock shaft, the speed of the descent of the needle bar is rapidly
increased by the approach of the pin de toward the needle bar, thus causing the
needle to descend quickly after puncturing the fabric, thus delivering its thread to
the hook as quickly as possible, and as the needle bar rises the first part of its
movement is fast, and the latter part of its upward movement is slow or materially
retarded by the passage of the pin back across the needle bar, thus giving time for
the take up to act in drawing up the thread and finishing the stitch.
This arrangement of the link and cranks in connection with a rock shaft makes
it possible to operate the needle bar by means of a crank or eccentric, and yet
secure such irregular motion of the needle bar as to adapt it to the requirements of
the usual rotating hook in the best possible manner.
Instead of the crank on the driving shaft it will be understood that the same
effect may be obtained by the employment of an eccentric.
The take up lever, having at its upper end a roller to receive about it the needle
thread, has its fulcrum on the stud, and at its lower end the lever has adjustably
screwed into it a globular or spherical headed stud held in adjusted position by a
set nut.
The spherical portion of the stud receives upon it a cam slide, which cam slide
in slightly different form and position is now in common use, the cam slide being
in this case fitted into the groove of the cam directly above the centre of the said
and the shaft instead of at the side, as formerly employed, which enables the
take up lever to be shortened, thereby reducing its weight and liability to undue
vibration.
cam,
The needle thread between the take up and the needle is usually passed over a
roller of a bracket or thread guide located at the right of the needle bar, and the
needle thread is led therefrom down the side of and parallel with the needle and
into its eye, but such plan of guiding the thread has been found objectionable for
some kinds of work, especially upon leather, where coarse silk thread under strong
tension is used in an extremely small needle for the silk in tightening the stitch
springs the needle from its true perpendicular position, and at high speed the
needle has not time to again resume perpendicular position before the point of the
needle meets the leather, and consequently zig-zag stitches are produced.
To obviate this the machine has been provided with a bracket or thread guide,
which projects to the left side of the needle bar, and the needle thread is led therefrom
downward diagonally across the needle where the needle thread is passed through
the eye of the needle as usual.
The thread extended below the eye of the needle is connected, it will be
remembered, in the seam which is necessarily directly under the point of the needle,
and when the thread is taut it always draws upon the needle in such direction as
to spring the point of the needle to one side.
Extending the thread diagonally across the needle as described counteracts this

page_text: tendency of the thread to spring the point of the needle aside, and enables the
thread above the eye of the needle to draw the needle in one direction just as
much as the strain on the thread below the eye of the needle would draw it in the
opposite direction, thus enabling the needle at all times to be maintained in true
vertical position.
When the thread is taut there is also a tendency to strain the needle in the
direction of the line of stitching by drawing the thread toward the stitch last made,
this tendency being in proportion to the length of the stitch being made.
This is also counteracted by so bending the bracket or thread guide as to place
in front of the needle bar toward the operator that part of it over which the thread
passes on its way to the eye of the needle, the thread between the guide and the
needle drawing the neelle toward the operator as much as the needle is drawn
from the operator, as described by the feeding movement of the material being
sewed.
A guide secured in place by a screw is made adjustable horizontally toward and
from the needle bar and the operator by a screw.
The longer the stitch, the nearer the operator the bracket and roller are
placed.
The fulcrum for the feeding device is fixed to and projects from the feeding
device in the direction of the overhanging feed portion, thereby preventing the
said portion from being depressed at one more than at its other edge or side by
the action of the presser foot upon the material above the feeding device.
Supporting the rear end of the feeding bar as described by the pin in the arm, so
that it cannot tip at its front end, but simply rises and falls in a vertical plane,
enables me to do away with all other guides and supports for holding the feed bar
in position at its rear end.
To enable the take up to be readily threaded without first inserting the free end
of the thread through an opening on the take up lever, as usually practised, its
upper end has been curved or bent, forming a rather short abrupt curve just at the
rear of and below the roller, over or about which the needle thread led from the
usual tension device passes.
The upper end of the take up lever at one side has a guard connected with it by
screw, thus forming a long slot or space, down into which the needle thread may
be lail or drawn, stretching the said thread between the roller and the base of the
said slot, in which position the thread may be readily grasped by the finger or
thumb and finger, and be drawn through the take up about the roller.
The take up lever has a notch or hole to receive the free end of a suitable thread
stop or check, the point of which enters the said hole and prevents undue backward
movement of the needle thread after it has been laid about the roller.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Morgan-Brown in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th May 1882.
"
WILLIAM MORGAN-BROWN, Patent Agent, of 38, Southampton Buildings, London.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES." A communication from abroad by
Nathaniel Wheeler, of Bridgeport, Fairfield, Connecticut, United States of
America.
This Invention relates to and is an improvement on the Wheeler and Wilson
class of sewing machine employing a rotating hook.
This Invention consists in a four motioned feeding device having an overhanging
toothed portion and fixed fulcrum projecting laterally from but one side thereof in
the same direction as the said over hanging portion, combined with an arm of a
rock shaft, which receives the said stud, the thickness of the said arm and the
length of the said fulcrum being sufficient to firmly support the rear end of the
feed bar by the fulcrum extended only from one side, and prevent tho bar from
twisting or turning, substantially as described.
Also in a feeding device having a short arm, an over hanging toothed portion,
and a fixed fulcrum projecting laterally from but one side thereof in the same
direction as the said overhanging portion, combined with an arm of a rock shaft
which receives the said stud and with a spring to depress the feed bar, substan-
tially as described.
Also in a rocking shaft and its single arm to support and direct the feed,
combined with a feeding device having overhanging feed points, and a fulcrum
fixed to the said bar, and extended laterally from the side of the said bar into a
bearing in the said single arm in the direction of the over hanging feed points to a
point as remote from the centre of the feed bar as the slot in the feed bar through
which the needle descends, the said stud or fulcrum serving to keep the same and
the feeding bar and its feed points from being turned partially over, substantially
as described.
Also in a rock shaft having two arms and a feeding device provided with a
fulcrum extended into and supported and carried by one of the said arms of the
said rock shaft, combined with a lever of the first order, a cam to operate the said
lever, and an adjustable pin intermediate, the said lever and another arm of the
said rock shaft to control the extent of the feed movement or length of stitch,
substantially as described.
Also in a rocker shaft, and its crank and link, combined with the needle bar,
the said crank and link retarding the movement of the needle bar at the upper end
of its movement, and accelerating it at the lower end of its movement as described,
the pin joining the said crank and link crossing the centre line of the needle bar
at its rear side only at the end of the upward stroke of the crank, substantially as
described.
Also in a hook and hook shaft, a rotating shaft and link to rotate the hook
shaft, and a needle operating rock shaft provided with oppositely placed cranks as
described, combined with a connecting rod and with a needle-bar and link operated
from the said rock shaft, substantially as described.
Also in the combination with the needle bar and needle, of a needle thread guide
placed cutside the head of the machine to enable the thread to be led diagonally
across the needle into its eye, and located in front of the needle-bar towards the
operator to counteract the tendency of the thread to draw the needle in the
direction of the line of stitching and feed, substantially as described.
Also in an improved construction of take up to facilitate threading it, as will
be described.

page_text: Figure 1 represents a rear side elevation of a sewing machine containing my
improvements, a part of the frame work being broken out to better illustrate the
construction of the parts. Figure 2 a front side elevation thereof, a portion of the
frame work being broken out to better illustrate the feeding and take up devices,
the rotating hook being omitted. Figure 3 is a front end view of Figure 2, a part
of the frame work being broken out to shew the feeding mechanism. Figure 4 is
a detail of the lower end of the arm cap.
Figure 5 is a detail of the lower part of the take up and its supporting shaft.
Figure 6 is a detail of the cam slide used with the globular headed stud of the
take up. Figure 7 an enlarged view of the needle as it is commonly threaded.
Figure 8 is a like view of the needle with the thread extended across it diagonlly
from the outside bracket for purposes hereinafter described. Figure 9 is a
detail of the stitch regulating lever of the feeding mechanism.
Figure 10 details
of the thread guide or bracket to guide the needle thread when the needle is
threaded as in Figure 7. Figure 11 is a top view of the feeding device removed
from the machine, and Figures 12 and 13 represent in detail the take up.
The frame work of the machine is of usual shape.
The main driving shaft a, supported in bearings a', has at its front end a disc
provided with a crank pin, thus constituting a crank a² which is joined by link a³
with the crank a on the rotary hook shaft as, having at its end the usual hook a,
all as common in the Wheeler and Wilson machine.
The shaft a has upon it at the rear of crank a² a cam a' which acts upon a
lever b having its pivot at 2, and moves the said lever a uniform distance at cach
rotation of the shaft a.
The lever bis that which imparts forward movement to the feeding device b'
through the intervention of mechanism which will now be described..
The rear end of the feeding device b¹ has fixed to it a stud 3 which is extended
therefrom laterally and takes a bearing in the arm b² of the rock shaft 63, having
at its opposite end a second arm b, at right angles to the arın b², the arm 63 being
extended toward the shaft a immediately below the outer end of the lever b.
A pin or stud 4 of a link 65 pivoted at its rear end to a stitch regulating lever 6º,
having its fulcrum at ', is interposed between the lever b and arm as shewn in
Figure 3, and the said pin is made adjustable as to its position with relation with
the fulcrum 2 of the lever b, and the centre line of the rock shaft b, thus enabling
adjustment of the said pin to cause the lever b, the stroke which is uniform as
stated, to impart more or less rocking motion to the rock shaft b³, and consequently
a greater or less stroke to the feet, to thereby control the length of the stitch, the
feed being longer the nearer the pin 4 is brought toward the outer end of the
lever band vice versa.
is acted upon by the
said spring serving the
in such direction as to
4 and the latter against
To retain the lever in adjusted position a spring washer will be interposed
between the lever and the screw head of the fulcrum b.
The short arm 5 of the feeding mechanism device
spring attached to a fixed lug as shewn in Figure 3, the
double purpose of moving the arm b' of the rock shaft b
constantly keeps its arm pressed upward against the pin
the outer end of the lever b, and consequently the inner end of said lever down
upon the cam a7, the said spring also keeping the underside of the feeding device b¹
down in contact with the lifting cam 38.
The shaft a also has on it a crank c which is embraced by the lower end of the
connecting rod c', joined at its upper end with the crank c of the rocker shaft c³
held in bearings c, the said rocker shaft having at its outer end a crank c³ which
imparts movement to the needle bar d and needle e through the link co
This rocker shaft c³ for imparting movement to the needle bar is arranged with
its arins or cranks c², c³, projecting therefrom in substantially diametrically opposite
directions, they moving the needle bar and the connecting rod c¹ in opposite directions,
thus counterbalancing the weight of the connections of the said shaft c³ and the
needle bar, lessening the effect of momentum, and consequently the shock resulting

page_text: therefrom, as would be the same effect if both cranks extended from the same side
of the shaft in the same direction, and the movement of the needle bar and
connecting rod joined with the said cranks were simultaneously in the same
direction.
By counterbalancing the shaft es as described the movement of the machine
is made easier, and its speed is greatly increased without increase of noise and
jar.
The end of the crank c which operates the needle bar is joined by link c with
the stud of collar d' secured to the said needle bar.
The length of the crank c and its position on the rock shaft c³ moved from
shaft a, and its arrangement in relation to the needle bar are such that as the
crank starts downward from its highest point or full line position, Figure 3, part
of the effect of the crank movement on the needle bar is lost by reason of the
relative positions of the crank, the pin d², and link, the pin din its highest position
passing across the needle bar which retards the first part of the descent of the
needle-bar, but as soon as the said pin reaches a position substantially in the same
horizontal line with the rock shaft c³ the speed of the descent of the needle bar is
rapidly increased by the approach of the pin d³ toward the needle bar, thus causing
the needle to descend quickly after puncturing the fabric, thus delivering its thread
to the hook as quickly as possible, and as the needle bar rises the first part of its
movement is fast and the latter part of its upward movement is slow or materially
retarded by the passage of the pin d back across the needle bar, thus giving
time for the take up to act in drawing up the thread and finishing the stitch.
This arrangement of the link and cranks in connection with a rock shaft makes
it possible to operate the needle bar by means of a crank or eccentric and yet
secure such irregular motion of the needle bar as to adapt it to the requirements of
the usual rotating hook in the best possible manner.
Instead of the crank c on the shaft a it will be understood that the same effect
may be obtained by the employment of an eccentric.
The take up lever f having at its upper end a roller to receive about it the
needle thread g, has its fulcruin on the stud f' and at its lower end the lever f has
adjustably screwed into it a globular or spherical headed stud f2 held in adjusted
position by a set uut f³.
The spherical portion of the stud receives upon it the cam slide h, shewn
separately in Figure 6, which can slide in slightly different form and position is
now in common use, the cam slide being in this case fitted into the groove of the
cam directly above the centre of the said can and the shaft a instead of at the
sides as formerly employed, which enables the take up lever to be shortened,
thereby reducing its weight and liability to unduo vibration.
The needle thread g between the take up and the needle is usually passed over
a roller of a bracket or thread guide shewn in dotted lines, Figure 2, and
separately in Figure 10, located at the right of the needle bar, and the needle thread
is led therefrom.down the side of and parallel with the needle and into its eye, as
in Figure 7, but such plan of guiding the thread has been found objectionable for
some kinds of work, especially upon leather, where coarse silk thread under strong
tension is used in an extremely small needle, for the silk in tightening the stitch
springs the needle from its true perpendicular position, and at high speed the
needle has not time to again resume perpendicular position before the point of the
needle meets the leather, and consequently zig-zag stitches are produced.
To obviate this the machine has been provided a bracket or thread guide k, which
projects to the left side of the needle bar, as shewn in Figure 2, and the needle
thread is led therefrom downward diagonally across the needle e, as in Figures 2
and 8, where the needle thread is passed through the eye of the needle as usual.
The thread extended below the eye of the needle is connected it will be
remembered in the seam, which is necessarily directly under the point of the
needle, and when the thread is taut it always draws upon the needle in such
direction as to spring the point of the needle to one side.

page_text: Extending the thread diagonally across the needle as shewn and described
counteracts this tendency of the thread to spring the point of the needle aside and
enables the thread above the eye of the needle to draw the needle in one direction
just as much as the strain on the thread below the eye of the needle would draw it
in the opposite direction, thus enabling the needle at all times to be maintained in
truc vertical position.
When the thread is taut there is also a tendency to strain the needle in the
direction of the line of stitching by drawing the thread toward the stitch last
made, this tendency being in proportion to the length of the stitch being made.
This is also counteracted by so bending the bracket or thread guide as to place in
front of the needle bar toward the operator (see Figure 3), that part of it over
which the thread passes on its way to the eye of the needle, the thread between
the guide and the needle drawing the needle toward the operator as much as the
needle is drawn from the operator, as described by the feeding movement of the
material being sewed.
The guide secured in place by screw p² is made adjustable horizontally toward
and from the needle bar and the operator by a screw m.
The longer the stitch, the nearer the operator the bracket and roller are
placed.
The fulcrum 3 for the feeding device b¹ is fixed to and projects from the feeding
device in the direction of the over hanging feed portion r, see Figure 11, thereby
preventing the said portion from being depressed at one more than at its other
edge or side by the action of the presser foot pupon the material above the
feeding device. Supporting the rear end of the feeding bar as described by the
pin 3 in arm 2 so that it cannot tip at its front end, but simply rises and falls in a
-vertical plane, enables me to do away with all other guides and supports for holding-
the feed bar in position at its rear end.
To enable the take up to be readily threaded without first inserting the free
end of the thread through an opening on the take up lever as usually practiced, its
upper end has been curved or bent as in Figures 12, 13, forming a rather short
abrupt curve just at the rear of and below the roller f, over or about which the
needle thread g led from the usual tension device g² passes. .
The upper end of the take up lever at one side has a guard f connected with it
by screw 12, thus forming a long slot or space down into which the needle thread
may be laid or drawn as in Figures 12, 13, stretching the said thread between the
roller and the base of the said slot, in which position the thread g may be
readily grasped by the finger or thumb and finger, and be drawn through the take
up about the roller f*.
The take up lever has a notch or hole fo, see Figure, to receive the free end of a
suitable thread stop or check, the point of which enters the said hole and prevents
undue backward movement of the needle thread after it has been laid about the
roller.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of the said Invention
and the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that
what I claim is,―
1st. The feeding device b¹, overhanging toothed pinion r, and fixed fulcrum 3,
projecting laterally from but one side thereof in the same direction as the said
overhanging portion combined with the arm 2 of the rock shaft which receives
the said stud, the thickness of the said arm and the length of the said fulcrum being
sufficient to firmly support the rear end of the feed bar by the fulcrum extended
only from one side, and prevent the bar from twisting or turning, substantially as
described.
2nd. The feeding device b¹ having the short arm 5, overhanging toothed portion r,.
and fixed fulcrum 3 projecting laterally from but one side thereof in the same
direction as the said overhanging portion, combined with the arm 62 of the rock
shaft which receive the said stud, and with the spring to depress the feed bar,
substantially as described. .

page_text: 3rd. The rocking shaft b3 and its single arm 62 to support and direct the feed,
combined with the feeding device having the overhanging feed-points and the
fulerum 3 fixed to the said bar and extended laterally from the side of the said
bar into a bearing into the single arm be in the direction of the overhanging feed
points r, and to a point as remote from the centre of the feed bar as the slot in
the feed bar through which the needle descends, the said studs or fulcrum serving
to keep the same and the feed bar and its portion from being turned partially
over, substantially as described.
4th. The rock shaft having two arins b², b, and the feeding device provided with
fulcrum 3 extended into and supported and carried by the arm b² of the said rock
shaft, combined with the lever v of the first order, a cam to operate the said lever,
and the adjustable pin 4 intermediate the said lever and arm of the rock shaft,
to control the extent of the feed movement or length of stitch substantially as
described.
5th. The rocker shaft and its crank c5 and link c combined with the needle bar,
the said crank and link retarding the movement of the needle bar at the upper end
of its movement, and accelerating it at the lower end of its movement as described,
the pin joining, the said crank and link crossing the centre line of the needle bar
at its rear side only at the end of the upward stroke of the crank, substantially as
described.
6th. The hook and hook shaft, the rotating shaft e, and link to rotate the hook
shaft, and the needle operating rock shaft provided with oppositely placed cranks
as described, combined with the connecting rod c¹, and with the needle bar and
link c operated from the said rock shaft, substantially as described.
7th. The combination with the needle bar and needle of the needle thread
guide placed outside the head of the machine, to nable the thread to be led
diagonally across the needle in its eye, and located in front of the needle bar
towards the operator, to counteract the tendency of the thread to draw the needle
in the direction of the line of stitching and feed, substantially as described.
8th. The take-up lever bent as shewn, and the guard secured thereto, to leave
between them a long thread receiving slot or space into which to draw the needle
thread as a chord across the bent portion of the said lever, to enable the thread to
be seized and drawn through the take up and about its roller, substantially as
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Morgan-Brown, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty two.