Improvements in Presses and Appliances for Compressing and Bundling Light Metallic Scrap and the like Material
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Dec., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 5th Sept., 1895-Accepted, 12th Oct., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Presses and Appliances for Compressing and
Bundling Light Metallic Scrap and the like Material
I, THOMAS WILLIAM WARD of Fitzalan Chambers, Sheffield, in the County of
York, Iron Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide the means of compressing and bundling
light metallic scrap and the like material into a portable and convenient form for
storage and freight so that it may occupy less space and take less packing, also
that it may be more readily charged into a furnace and otherwise handled or
manipulated.
I effect this by employing a specially constructed power press by preference a
hydraulic press, the cylinder and ram of which together with the pumps and
appurtenant connections and fittings I construct on the same principle and in a
similar manner to an ordinary hydraulic baling press, such as is employed for
compressing cotton or cotton goods, fodder and the like material.
Like such
presses I place the cylinder so that the ram works vertically in an upward
direction, but with regard to this portion of my press and appliances I lay no claim
as to novelty. It is in the head of my improved press and in the general position
of the same to which my invention is more particularly directed.
The head or upper entablature of my press I provide with an open ended
cylindrical chamber, such chamber being of a length to correspond with the stroke
of the ram, the head of the ram I construct like a piston to fit into the last named
cylindrical chamber and in some cases I provide this ram head or piston with
metallic packing and also line the cylindrical chamber with a liner of hardened
steel so as to better resist the abrasion of the particles of scrap and other material
during compression.
The cylindrical chamber herein described I provide with a movable cover or lid
so constructed and fitted as to be easily opened or removed, in some cases I provide
this cover or lid with a hinge and a cramp or cramps, the bolts for which may be
either secured to the top entablature or casting, forming the cylindrical chamber
or they may be arranged and fitted to the column bolts of the press itself.
The press and apparatus here described can be placed so that the top of the
cylindrical chamber may be level or about level with the floor or ground line.
The action of my improved press in such a position would be as follows-When
the press ram is at the bottom of the stroke the ram head or piston is likewise at
the bottom of the cylindrical chamber and in this position the material to be
compressed may be tipped or thrown in until full or until a sufficient quantity has
been charged, the chamber is then closed at the top by the lid or cover and when
the same has been secured the pressure is turned on, the ram ascends and the
material which is lying between the press head or piston and the cover or lid of
the cylindrical chamber is submitted to the necessary pressure to reduce it to the
required form and bulk after which the pressure is relieved, the lid or cover is
opened or removed, the ram is then allowed to ascend until the piston is about
level with the top of the cylinder when the charge can be removed and the
operation last described repeated as convenient.
In some cases I form the ram head or piston and the lid or cover of the

page_text: cylindrical chamber in such a manner that the material under compression is
depressed towards the centre at each end thus a bundle of wire or light cutlers
scrap when taken out of the cylindrical chamber would be somewhat concave or
hollow at each end and any reaction owing to the elasticity of the material after
the pressure has been removed would be provided for and thereby prevent the ends
assuming a convex form.
Dated this 4th day of December 1894.
Improvements in Presses and Appliances for Compressing and
Bundling Light Metallic Scrap and the like Material.
I, THOMAS WILLIAM WARD of Fitzalan Chambers, Sheffield in the County
of York, Iron Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide the means of compressing and bundling
light metallic scrap and the like material into a portable and convenient form for
storage and freight so that it may occupy less space and take less packing, also
that it may be more readily charged into a furnace and otherwise handled or
manipulated.
I effect this by employing a specially constructed power press by preference a
hydraulic press, the cylinder and ram of which together with the pumps and
appurtenant connections and fittings I construct on the same principle and in a
similar manner to an ordinary hydraulic baling press, such as is employed for
compressing cotton or cotton goods, fodder and the like material and like such
presses place the cylinder so that the ram works vertically in an upward direction,
but with regard to this portion of my press and appliances I lay no claim as to
novelty. It is in the head of my improved press and in the general position of
the same to which my invention is more particularly directed.
The nature of my invention will be better understood
accompanying two sheets of drawings in which on Sheet 1,
Fig. 1. is a front elevation of my improved press.
Fig. 2. being a plan of the same.
on reference to the
Fig. 3. is a sectional elevation on the line A. B. shewing a section on one side
through the column or bolt holes of the press head and bottom entablature.
Fig. 4. is a sectional plan through the head, cylinder and bottom entablature
taken on the line E. F. G. H. (Fig. 1.).
Fig. 5. is an end view.
Fig. 6. is an end view in section taken on the line C. D.
Figs. 7, 8, 9. shew a simplified method of securing the lid of the cylindrical
chamber by means of a cotter.
Fig. 10. Sheet 2. is a modification in the construction of my improved press
whereby I am enabled to take the strain between the ram head and the lid of the
cylindrical chamber directly on to the four column bolts which are secured to the
lid and to a flange on the hydraulic cylinder instead of to the top and bottom
entablatures as previously shewn. In this way am able to dispense with the
bottom entablature and also to reduce the size and weight of the top entablature
where necessary.
Fig. 11. is a plan of the modified form of press, half being a section on the
line 1. J.
Fig. 12. is an end elevation also partly in section.

page_text: Fig. 13. is a plan of the hydraulic cylinder shewing the position of the bolts on
the flange of the same.
Fig. 14. is an enlarged view of a portion of the ram head or piston shewing the
metallic packing.
The same letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
The head, a, or upper entablature of my press I provide with an open ended
cylindrical chamber, b, such chamber being of a length to correspond with the
stroke of the ram, c, which works in the hydraulic cylinder, c', carried by the
bottom entablature or base, c², the head, d, of the ram, c, I construct like a piston
to fit into the cylindrical chamber, b. and in some cases I provide this ram heal
or piston with metallic packing, e, and also line the cylindrical chamber, b, with a
liner, f, of hardened steel so as to better resist the abrasion of the particles of
scrap and other material during compression.
The cylindrical chamber, b, herein described I provide with a movable cover or
lid, g, so constructed and fitted as to be easily opened or removed, in some cases
I provide this cover or lid with a hinge, h, and a cramp, i, fitted with a suitable
catch or cotter, l, the bolts, j, for which may be either secured to the top
entablature or casting, a, forming the cylindrical chamber or they may be arranged
and fitted to the column bolts, k, of the press itself.
The press and apparatus here described can be placed so that the top of the
cylindrical chamber, b, may be level or about level with the floor or ground line.
The action of my improved press in such a position would be as follows. When
the press ram, c, is at the bottom of the stroke as in Fig. 3. the ram head or
piston, d, is likewise at the bottom of the cylindrical chamber, b, and in this position
the material to be compressed may be tipped or thrown in until full or until a
sufficient quantity has been charged, the chamber, b, is then closed at the top by
the lid or cover, y, and when the same has been secured the pressure is turned on,
the ram ascends and the material which is lying between the ram head or piston
and the cover or lid of the cylindrical chamber is submitted to the necessary
pressure to reduce it to the required form and bulk, after which the pressure is
relieved, the lid or cover is opened or removed, the ram is then allowed to ascend
until the piston is about level with the top of the cylinder as shewn in Fig. 6. when
the charge, m, can be removed and the operation last described repeated as
convenient.
In some cases I form the ram head or piston and the lid or cover of the cylin-
drical chamber in such a manner that the material under compression is depressed
towards the centre at each end, thus a bundle, m, of wire or light cutlers scrap
when taken out of the cylindrical chamber would be somewhat concave or hollow at
each end and any reaction owing to the elasticity of the material after the pressure
has been removed would be provided for and thereby prevent the ends assuming
a convex form, this compressing of the ends also assists to hold the bundle
together.
In order to prevent small particles of scrap being forced between the lining. f,
of the cylinder, b, and the packing ring, e, of the hydraulic ram head, d, 1 chamfer
the ring, e, (as shewn in the enlarged view Fig. 14. Sheet 2.), so that when the
pressure is brought to bear upon the material within the cylinder the packing
ring, e, is thereby expanded so as to fit closer and tighter.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, declare that what I
claim is.
1. In presses and appliances for compressing and bundling light metallic scrap
and the like material, the arrangement and combination of parts and appliances in
the head of the press comprising the cylindrical chamber,, provided with a liner,f,
and the lid, g, such lid, g, being fitted with a hinge, h, cotter or cramp and catch
in the manner and for the purposes substantially as herein described and
illustrated.

page_text: 2. In presses and appliances for compressing and bundling light metallic scrap
and the like material, forming the top side of the ram head, d, and the under side
of the lid, g, in such a manner that the material under compression is depressed
towards its centre at each end in the manner and for the purposes substantially as
herein described and illustrated.
3. In presses and appliances for compressing and bundling light metallic scrap
and the like material, the arrangement and combination of parts and appliances
by means of which the tensile strain between the ram head, d, and the cover, g,
of the cylindrical chamber, b, is taken directly by the column bolts, k, secured to
the flange of the bydraulic cylinder, c, and to the lid, g, by the hinge pin, h, and
cramp, i, and catch, l, in the manner and for the purposes substantially as herein
described and illustrated.
Dated this 4th day of September 1895.
R. HEBER RADFORD,
Agent for the Applicant.