IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE PRESSURE AND SUPPLY OF GASES OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Dalziel, of Deptford, in the County of
Kent, Brass Founder, for the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
REGULATING THE PRESSURE AND SUPPLY OF GASES OR ELASTIC FLUIDS."
Sealed the 10th February 1865. and dated the 17th August 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Dalziel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 17th August 1864.
I. WILLIAM DALZIEL. of Deptford. in the County of Kent. Brass Founder.
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED Apparatus
FOR REGULATING THE PRESSURE AND SUPPLY OF GASES OR ELASTIC FLUIDS," to be
as follows:-
My Invention of improved apparatus for regulating the pressure and supply
of gases or clastic fluids is intended more particularly to be applied to regu-
lating the flow of gas from a vessel containing gas at a high pressure, to
another in which it is intended to be kept at a low pressure, such as is re-
quired for the supply of illuminating gas to burners.
The apparatus will be found peculiarly adapted for the supply of gas to
burners used in railway trains, but may also be employed for regulating the
pressure of gas under other circumstances. In carrying out my Invention the
gas under high pressure is kept stored in a strong rigid metal holder or vessel
capable of resisting a considerable internal strain. This holder communicates,
[Price 8d1

page_text: by means of a pipe provided with a suitable valve, with a moveable metal
holder, which is supported between vertical guides, and rises and falls in the
same manner as an ordinary gas holder of a gas works. This holder works in
an hydraulic joint in the usual manner, so as to prevent leakage, and it may
be counterbalanced by weights so as to give any desired pressure in the exit
pipe. The valve on the pipe leading from the high-pressure vessel is com-
manded by a lever which is connected by a link or rod, or in any other con-
venient manner, to the moveable or low-pressure holder, so that as this holder
rises and falls it will act on the valve and allow more or less gas to pass from
the high-pressure to the low-pressure vessel or holder. The gas holders may
be made either round, square, or of any other shape that may be found most
convenient for adaptation to the railway carriage. The valve on the pipe
leading from the high-pressure to the low-pressure holder is a slide valve, in
the lower part of which is made an angular A-shaped opening. The face of
the valve is ground to fit the exit aperture, which may be made of a triangular
or other convenient shape. so that the A-shaped opening in the slide may al
first admit only a small rush of gas, and afterwards. as the valve rises, the area
of the supply will be increased gradually, and as the valve descends, the supply
will be rapidly cut off. I prefer to use this kind of valve for the purposes of
my Invention. but I do not intend to confine myself thereto, as other forms of
valves may be used.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent. filed
by the said William Dalziel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th February 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I. WILLIAM
DALZIEL of Deptford, in the County of Kent. Brass Founder, send greeting.
WHEREAS ller most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Iler Letters
Patent. bearing date the Seventeenth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four. in the twenty-eight year of
Her reign. did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors. give and grant unto
me. the said William Dalziel, Her special license that 1, the said William
Dalziel, my executors. administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1. the said
William Dalziel. my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and

page_text: Ireland. the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR REGULATING THE PRESSURE AND SUPPLY OF GASES OR ELASTIC
FLUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Dalziel,' by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal. should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I the said William Dalziel, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed. to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed. and to
the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):--
My Invention of improved apparatus for regulating the pressure and supply
of gases or elastic fluids is intended more particularly to be applied to regu-
lating the flow of gases from a vessel, containing gas at a high pressure, io
another in which it is intended to be kept at a low pressure, such as is
required for the supply of illuminating gas to burners.
The apparatus will be found peculiarly adapted for the supply of gas to
burners used in railway trains, but may also be employed for regulating the
pressure of gas under other circumstances. In carrying out my Invention
the gas under high pressure is kept stored in a strong rigid metal holder or
vessel capable of resisting a considerable internal strain. This holder commu-
nicates, by means of a pipe provided with a suitable valve. with a moveable
metal holder which is supported between vertical guides, and rises and falls in
the same manner as an ordinary gas holder of a gas works. This holder
works in an hydraulic joint in the usual manner. so as to prevent leakage, and
it may be counterbalanced by weights so as to give any desired pressure in
the exit pipe leading therefrom to the burners. The valve on the pipe
leading from the high-pressure vessel to the low-pressure vessel or holder
is commanded by a lever. which is connected by a link or rod. or in any
other convenient manner. to the moveable or low-pressure holder. so that as
this burner rises and falls it will act on the valve and allow more or less gas
to pass from the high-pressure to the low-pressure vessel or holder. The gas
holders may be made either round or square, or of any other shape that may
be most convenient for adaptation to the railway carriage. The valve on the
pipe leading from the high-pressure to the low-pressure holder is a slide valve,
in the lower part of which is made an angular or A-shaped opening. The face
of the valves is ground to fit the exit aperture, which may be made of a

page_text: triangular shape or other convenient shape, so that the A-shaped opening in
the slide may at first admit only a small rush of gas. and afterwards, as
the valve rises, the area of the supply will be increased gradually, and as the
valve descends the supply will be rapidly cut off. I prefer to use this kind of
valve for the purposes of my Invention. but I do not intend to confine myself
thereto, as other forms of valve may be used.
In the accompanying Drawing. Fig. 1, is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 an
end elevation of a railway carriage, shewing one form in which I propose to
apply my Invention. Similar letters refer to similar parts.
A is a strong metallic chamber or holder which is attached in any suitable
manner to the bottom frame of the carriage, and is capable of containing a
supply of gas at a high degree of pressure, an inlet a being provided for it's
admission, which inlet can be closed by the cock '. This chamber commu-
nicates by the pipe . which is provided with the valve , with the moveable
metal chamber or holder B. and placed on the top of the carriage working in
the annular space b. which is filled with water, oil. quicksilver. or any other
suitable fluid, and forms an hydraulic joint in which the chamber rises and
falls in the same manner as an ordinary gas holder of a gas works: C is an
outlet pipe leading to the burners in the carriages, and provided with the stop
cock c. To the upper part of the holder B is attached the cross head D,
the ends of which work in the slots d. d. and guide the holder in its ascent
and descent. To the outer ends of this cross head are attached the links d, d
which are connected at their lower ends with the forked lever E. vibrating
on the stud or pin e. and jointed at its opposite extremity with the spindle of
the regulating valve . It will be seen that on the high-pressure chamber A
being charged with gas, the gas will rise through the pipe and fill the low-
pressure holder B. thereby causing it to rise, and in rising it will communicate
motion through the links d. d, and lever E to the regulating valve a, which
valve is so arranged that when the holder B has received a sufficient amount
of gas the valve will be closed and communication with the high-pressure
holder shut off, but on the gas in the holder B. after expansion and consequent
reduction of pressure. escaping through the pipe to the burners, the holder
will descend, and thereby cause the regulating valve to be again opened and
a fresh supply of gas admitted, and this alternate action will continue as long
as the gas is consumed in the burners and there is a supply in the high-
pressure holder A. In order that the action of the regulating valve d. should
not produce an unevenness or unsteadiness in the burning of the gas. I prefer
to construct it of a peculiar form, as shewn on an enlarged scale in Figs. 3 and
4, Fig. 3 being a longitudinal section, and Fig. 4 a front view; in both

page_text: views the valve is shewn closed. G is a suitable box or chest in which is
formed a triangular or A-shaped port or opening g, behind which is the outlet
orifice g' leading to the low-pressure holder; H is a slide valve working over
the face of the port or opening g. and provided with the valve spindle h. which
is connected, as before described, with the low-pressure holder; this spindle
works in the stuffing box h. The slide valve H is likewise formed with a
triangular or A-shaped opening; by this arrangement the opening of the valve
will at first admit a small rush of gas, but as the valve rises, the area of the
supply will be gradually increased, and in like manner on the valve descend-
ing, the supply will be rapidly cut off. Although I have shewn the port g and
the slide H to have triangular openings, I do not confine myself to this form,
inasmuch as the said openings may be constructed of curvilinear or any other
suitable form as may appear to be most desirable.
In Figs 5, 6, and 7, I have shewn another form in which I propose to
apply my Invention, whereby additional compactness is secured, the positions
of the high and low pressure holders being so arranged in relation to each
other that the high-pressure holder forms a part of the low-pressure holder.
Fig. 5 is a section: Fig. 6 a plan; and Fig. an elevation. A (Fig. 5)
is the high-pressure holder, which is a strong metallic chamber or holder
provided with stays i, i, i. B is the low-pressure holder working in the
hydraulic joint b, which is formed by the annular space between the high-
pressure holder A and the outer casing K. a is the inlet pipe by which the
high-pressure holder is supplied with gas. Fig. 6 is the pipe leading from
the holder A to the low-pressure holder B, and provided with the regulating
cock a, which is connected with the upper part of the low-pressure holder B
by the lever E and link d', in a similar manner to that described in reference
to Figs. 1 and 2; but although I have here shewn the regulation of the flow of
gas to be effected by a cock, the same form of slide valve may be applied as
that already described. C is the outlet pipe leading from the low-pressure
holder to the burners, and this pipe together with the pipe a are so formed as
to act as stays to the high-pressure holder A. through which they pass, their
ends being screwed and fitted with suitable lock nuts. The low-pressure
holder is steadied in its ascent and descent by the guides ', . . and k', which
are stayed at the upper end by the ring L. The action of this form of my
Invention is identical with the action of that previously described, and though
I have shewn the chambers or holders A and B to be of a circular shape. they
may be constructed of a rectangular or any other suitable shape as may be
most convenient to the circumstances under which the apparatus is applied.
From its compactness this form of my Invention may be applied with great

page_text: facility in the space under the seats of railway carriages. but can also be
arranged in any other convenient position.
Having now described the nature of my Invention of "Improved Appara-
tus for Regulating the Pressure and Supply of Gases or Elastic Fluids, and
having explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I would remark
in conclusion that I do not restrict myself to the precise details of construction
as herein explained and illustrated, inasmuch as the main principles of my In-
vention will not be affected by any modifications of which the said details of
construction are capable; but what I claim as the Invention secured to me by
the herein in part recited Letters Patent is, the general arrangement and com-
bination of parts (substantially as herein specified and illustrated by the Drawing
annexed), constituting an Invention of improved apparatus for regulating the
pressure and supply of gases or clastic fluids.
In witness whereof, 1. the said William Dalziel. have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
Witness to the signature of
the said William Dalziel.
JOHN B. COOPER.
WILLIAM DALZIEL. (L.s.)