IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN HUSKING AND OTHERWISE DECORTI- CATING AND POLISHING RICE AND OTHER KINDS OF GRAIN AND SEEDS:
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Henry Channing Martin, of Thornleigh, Upper
Clapton, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN HUSKING AND OTHERWISE DECORTI-
CATING AND POLISHING RICE AND OTHER KINDS OF GRAIN AND SEEDS:"
Sealed the 4th January 1878, and dated the 7th November 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Henry Channing
Martin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th November
1877.
JAMES HENRY CHANNING MARTIN, of Thornleigh, Upper Clapton, in the County
of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN HUSKING
AND OTHERWISE DECORTICATING AND POLISHING RICE AND OTHER KINDS OF GRAIN
AND SEEDS."
The Invention has for its object "Improvements in Means or Apparatus Em-
ployed in Husking and otherwise Decorticating and Polishing Rice and other
Kinds of Grain and Seeds."
.
For this purpose I employ one or more segments of a drum or cylindêr in com-
bination with revolving cylindrical surfaces. The grain or seeds are fed into the
space between the concave side of the segment and the cylinder by means of a
hopper along the entire length of the cylinder and segment.
The segment is adjusted at such a distance from the revolving cylinder as will
suit the particular grain or seed under treatment, and the feed thereto is regulated
by the action of the cylinder, as no more grain or seed can be taken by the cylinder
than the space between the cylinder and segment will permit.
By these means the speed of the grain passing between the surfaces of the
revolving drum or cylinder and the concave side of the segment or segments will
be uniform over the whole working surface; therefore, the friction or pressure
applied will be equal on every grain or seed, and consequently a more rapid and
perfect result will be obtained with less waste of the grain or seed acted upon, and;
at a less expense than that hitherto incurred for such purpose.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Henry Channing Martin in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 7th May 1878.
JAMES HENRY CHANNING MARTIN, of Thornleigh, Upper Clapton, in the County
of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN HUSKING
AND OTHERWISE DECORTICATING AND POLISHING RICE AND OTHER KINDS OF GRAIN
AND SEEDS."
The Invention has for its object improvements in means or apparatus employed
in husking and otherwise decorticating and polishing rice and other kinds of grain
and seeds.
For this purpose I employ one or more segments of a hollow drum or cylinder
in combination with revolving cylindrical surfaces. The grain or seeds are fed
into the space between the concave side of the segment or segments and the
cylinder by means of a hopper along the entire length of the cylinder and segment
or segments.
The segment or segments is or are adjusted at such a distance from the revolving
cylinder as will suit the particular grain or seed under treatment, and the feed
thereto is regulated according to the action of the cylinder, as no more grain or seed
can be taken by the cylinder, than the space between the cylinder and segment or
segments will permit.
And in order that my said Invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed, aided by the accompanying Drawings, more fully to
1
Figure 1 represents a cross section; and Figure 2, a side elevation of machinery
or apparatus constructed according to my Invention for husking and otherwise
decorticating and polishing rice and other grain and seeds.
a is the driving axis upon which is fixed a cylinder b and driving pulley c.
This cylinder may be formed, as represented in the Drawing, with a periphery of
wood covered with an emery composition, or the surface thereof may be otherwise
formed, and of different materials. Around the cylinder I fix one or more segments
d, each of which is provided with projections d, which fit and are capable of
sliding within grooves or ways e¹ formed in the end frames e.
These end frames carry the bearings for the axis or shaft a, and are connected
together by tie rods e², which serve to maintain them at the required distance apart
from each other. To these end frames e are also fixed thrust bars e³, extending from
frame to frame.
The segments d, as shown in the Drawing, are formed of cast-iron frames
covered on the concave side with wood to which a vulcanized india-rubber frictional
or rubbing surface is fixed, but they can be otherwise formed, and provided
with other descriptions of rubbing or frictional surfaces, as may be found
desirable.
The segments d are adjusted to and maintained at the required distance from
the cylinder b by means of screwed rods d² fixed into the backs thereof, and
passed through holes formed in the thrust bars e³, and acted upon by nuts d³, as
shown.
Slides d³ are carried by the segments d, so as to completely close the spaces
between them as required, and thereby permit of adjustment for wear of the parts;
fis the hopper for supplying the grain or seed to be operated upon to the machine,
and f¹ are a series of adjustment doors to the mouth of such hopper to regulate the
supply, according to the description of seed or grain under treatment.

page_text: The spaces in the hopper f between the doors f1 are provided with inclined
guides to guide the grain or seed to the openings; g is a delivery spout.
If desired, instead of employing slides f¹ and guides f2, the mouth of the
hopper may be open along its entire length, and the feed regulated by a roller, as
is well understood.
By these means the speed of the grain passing between the surfaces of the
revolving drum or cylinder and the concave side of the segment or segments will
be uniform over the whole working surface; therefore the friction or pressure applied
will be equal on every grain or seed, and consequently a more rapid and perfect
result will be obtained with less waste of the grain or seed acted upon, and at a
less
than that hitherto incurred for such purpose.
expense
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode I have
found to answer in carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that
what I claim is, the employment of a revolving cylindrical surface in combination
with a segment or segments of a hollow drum or cylinder provided with suitable
rubbing or frictional surfaces to act upon the rice, grain, or seed, in manner and for
the purpose substantially as herein shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Henry Channing Martin, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
J. H. C. MARTIN. (L.S.)