Improvements in the Construction of Armatures for Dynamo Electric Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 20th May, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 20th Feb., 1894-Accepted, 14th Apr., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Armatures for Dynamo
Electric Machines.
We, WILLIAM BROOKS SAYERS, of Glenwood, Bearsden, near Glasgow, in the
County of Dumbarton, Electrical Engineer and HENRY ALEXANDER MAVOR,
WILLIAM ARTHUR COULSON and SAMUEL MAVOR, all of 57 West Nile Street
Glasgow, aforesaid Engineers and Electricians do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for object to facilitate, cheapen and improve the construction
of drum armatures for dynamo electric machines, both generators and motors, and
also to enable the several sections or coils (hereinafter called coils) constituting the
winding thereof, to be made of equal length and resistance.
For this purpose the several coils which constitute the armature winding, and
which may be made of equal length and resistance are wound in the form of long
loops arranged around the armature core within or upon which one side of each of
them is secured. A suitable clamp or holding device is then applied to the other
side of each coil, and the armature core, with the portions of the coils secured
thereto, is then rotated relatively to the portions of the coils held by the holding
device until these portions of the coils are brought opposite to the required
portions of the armature core to or within which they are then secured in any
suitable manner.
By this means the curved end portions of the loops or coils will be caused to
arrange themselves in a symmetrical manner at the ends of the armature core and
present a more finished appearance than the corresponding portions of armature
coils wound in the ordinary way. A layer of suitable material for example paper,
may be placed between the portions of the coils secured to the armature core and
those held by the holding device in order to permit of the one set being moved
relatively to the other without liability of the one becoming engaged with the other
or with projecting portions of the armature core. When the armature. is con-
structed with more than one layer of coils, or one layer of groups of coils, each
layer may be applied in the manner described.
According to a modified way of carrying out the invention, the coils constituting
the armature winding are composed of a number of lengths of conductor that are
secured within or upon the armature core in the required positions with their ends
projecting beyond the ends of the armature core. Some of the ends of the con-
ductors projecting from oue end of the armature core are then held in a suitable
holding device, and the armature core is partly rotated relatively to said device so
as to bend these ends in a direction towards the projecting end portions of the
conductors to which those first bent are required to be connected at the same end
of the armature and which end portions are then bent in a similar manner towards
the others, after which the adjacent bent ends of the conductors are united together
in order to electrically connect the conductors at one end of the armature. The
ends of the conductors projecting from the other end of the armature core are then
treated in a similar manner, thereby converting the said conductors into coils and
the coils so formed into a series of coils in the required manner to constitute a drum

page_text: winding the end portions of which are arranged in a symmetrical and uniform
manner at the ends of the armature core.
Dated this 20th day of May 1893.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per F. J. Brougham,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Armatures for Dynamo
Electric Machines.
We, WILLIAM BROOKS SAYERS, of Glenwood, Bearsden, near Glasgow, in the
County of Dumbarton, Electrical Engineer, and HENRY ALEXANDER MAVOR,
WILLIAM ARTHUR COULSON, and SAMUEL MAVOR, all of 57 West Nile Street,
Glasgow, aforesaid, Engineers and Electricians, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for object to facilitate, cheapen and improve the construction
of drum. armatures for dynamo electric machines, both generators and motors, and
also to enable the several sections or coils (hereinafter called coils) constituting the
winding thereof, to be made of equal length and resistance.
For this purpose the several coils which constitute the armature winding, and
which are preferably made of equal length and resistance, are wound in the form
of long loops arranged around the armature core within or upon which one side of
each of them is secured. A suitable clamp or holding device is then applied to the
other side of each coil and the arinature core, with the portions of the coils secured
thereto, is then rotated relatively to the portions of the coils held by the holding
device until these portions of the coils are brought opposite to the required portions
of the armature core to or within which they are then secured in any suitable
manner.
In the accompanying illustrative drawings
Figs. 1 and 2 show respectively in side elevation and in cross section, a core upon
which the insulated conductor to form the armature winding can be wound in the
form of long loops or coils of equal length and resistance, some of such coils being
shown in position on the said core.
Fig. 3 is an end elevation showing the mode of applying the armature winding,
consisting in the example shewn of 40 coils, to a longitudinally slotted armature core.
Figs. 4 and 44 are end and side views respectively, of a separating device
hereinafter referred to.
Fig. 5 is an end view, partly in cross section, showing the armature core with
some of the armature coils and with a clamp or holding device for portions of said
coils.
Fig. 6 is a side elevation showing one of the ends of the finished armature.
The core shown in Figs. 1 and 2, consists of two bars 1, 1" connected by
detachable end pieces 2, 2ª and provided with corresponding guide pins 3 arranged
at short distances apart, corresponding to the width of the required armature
coils, the bar 1ª being provided with additional and detachable pairs of guide
pins 4.
The insulated conductor to form the armature winding is wound a
desired number of times around the bars 1, 1ª between two opposite pairs of the
guide pins 3, to form an armature coil 5 and is then passed between the next
forward pair of guide pins 4 and similarly wound around the bars 1, 1ª between
the next adjacent pairs of guide pins 3 to form the next coil, these operations
being repeated until the whole of the conductor has in this way been converted
into the desired number of long loops or coils each of which has parallel sides, as
shewn in end view in Fig. 2.

page_text: The end pieces 2, 2 and the guide pins 4 are then detached from the bars. I 1^
and these bars moved towards each other and withdrawn from the coils. The coils
for convenience may then be threaded upon a bar 6 from which they are trans-
ferred to the longitudinal slots 7 in the armature core 8 in the manner shown in
Fig. 3, so that one of the long sides (5*) of each coil is located within one of
the said slots (Fig. 5) within which it may be fixed in any convenient manner..
The other long sides 5 of the coils, which are left outside the armature core, as
are also the curved ends of the coils, are eugaged by a clamp or holding device that
may conveniently consist of two white metal rings 9 formed interually with longi--
tudinal slots 9 to receive the said sides 5 of the coils near their ends, as shown in
cross section in Fig. 5, and each made in segments that are held together by
segmental clamping rings 10, located one at each end of the armature core 8 and
separated by distance rods 10" as shewn in Fig. 54, which is a plan of one of
the said clamping rings with parts of the distance rods 10 connected thereto.
11 (Figs. 4 and 4) is a cylindrical shell or layer of suitable sheet material
that may advantageously be placed between the slotted exterior of the armature.
core and the slotted interior of the rings 9 for the purpose of separating the
two sets of side portions 5, 5 of the coils held by these parts, and permit
of the one set being moved relatively to the other without liability of the
one becoming engaged with the other, or with the edges of the slots in the
armature core. In the example shown, the shell 11 is of sheet metal provided
with extensions 11ª that enter corresponding recesses in the rings 9 whereby
the said shell is held in place: When the two sides 5º, 5 of each coil have
been engaged with the core and holding device respectively, the core is partly
rotated relatively to the holding device, until the sides 5 of the coils held by.
such device are brought opposite the required slots in the said core in which they
are then inserted and secured in any convenient manner.
In this way the curved end portions 5° of the loops or coils 5 will be caused to
arrange themselves in a symmetrical manner at the ends of the armature core,.
as shown in Fig. 6, and thereby present a more finished appearance than the
corresponding portions of armature coils wound in the ordinary way. When the
armature is constructed with more than one layer of coils, or one layer of groups
of coils, each layer may be applied in the manner described.
According to a modified way of carrying out the invention, the coils constituting
the armature winding are composed of a number of lengths of conductor that are
secured within or upon the armature core in the required positions with their end
portions projecting beyond the ends of the armature core as shown in side and
sectional end elevations respectively in Figs. 7 and 8. Some of the end portions,
say 5° of the conductors projecting from one end of the armature core are then
placed in a suitable holding device such for example as the externally slotted
sleeve 12, in which they are held by a band 13, and the armature core is partly
rotated relatively to said device so as to bend these end portions 5° in a direction
towards the projecting end portions 5ª of the conductors to which they are required
to be connected at the same end of the armature, and which end portions 5d are
then bent in a similar manner towards those first bent, as shown in side and end
elevation in Figs. 9 and 10 respectively, after which the adjacent ends 5* of the
said bent end portions 5° 5d of the conductors, are united together in pairs, it may
be by soldering, in order to electrically connect the conductors at one end of the
armature in the required manner. In this way each of the end portions 5° of the
conductors in the example shown, is bent through an angle of about 90° towards
the diametrically opposite portion 5 to which it is to be connected so that if x x¹
be one of the end portions and y y' the other, their free ends will come together
atly where they are united.
The end portions of the conductors projecting from the other end of the armature
core are then treated in a similar manner thereby converting the said conductors
into coils, and the coils so formed into a series of coils in the required manner
to constitute a drum winding, the end portions of which are arranged in a

page_text: symmetrical and uniform manner at the ends of the armature core, those at one
end being connected to the strips of the commutator in any known or required
manner as well understood.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The construction of armatures for dynamo-electric machines, in the improved
manner hereinabove described that is to say by winding the armature conductor in
the form of long loops or coils that are arranged around the armature core within
or upon which one side of each of them is secured, engaging the other side of each
coil with a suitable clamp or holding device, and rotating the armature core, with
the portions of the loops or coils secured thereto, relatively to the said holding.
device until the portions of the coils held by the latter are brought opposite to the
required portions of the armature core to or within which they are then secured, as
set forth.
2. The construction of armatures for dynamo-electric machines, in the improved
manner hereinabove described, that is to say by securing lengths of conductor
within or upon the arinature core so that their end portions project beyond the
ends of the armature core, bending some. of said end portions at one end of the
armature core, in one direction by engaging them with a clamp or holding device
and turning the armature core relatively to said device, then bending the remaining
end portions at the saine end of the armature core towards those first bent, and
electrically uniting the adjacent bent ends of the said conductors together, and
repeating the operation on the projecting end portions of the conductors projecting
from the opposite end of the armature core, thereby converting the said conductors
into coils constituting a drum winding as set forth.
3. The improved armatures for dynamo-electric machines constructed as herein-
before described with reference to and shown in Figs. 5 & 6 and in Figs. 9-and 10
of the drawings annexed.
ليمن
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1004
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