IMPROVEMENTS IN SERVICE SUPPLY VALVES OR TAPS FOR HOT OR COLD WATER & OTHER LIQUIDS & GASES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I WALTER CARR 13: Surrey Square Old Kent Road London S.E Engineer do.
hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN SERVICE SUPPLY
VALVES OR TAPS FOR HOT OR COLD WATER & OTHER LIQUIDS & GASES to be
as follows:-
My invention relates to
A method of operating the valve by a quarter turn of the lever handle.
An arrangement for avoiding shock or concussion in the pipes on closing the
valve, a means of locking the valve when closed, and,
An arrangement for compensating for wear of washer closing the valve and
method of fixing said washer.
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In applying my invention to valves whose bodies are formed after the usual
"Screw-down or "Globular-valve" type I substitute for the screwed spindle a
cylindrical plunger working in a correspondingly shaped guide formed by an
extension of the valve body & disposed at a right angle to the plane of the valve
seating, the plunger being made water tight in said guide by means of a stuffing
box, cup leather, or rolling ring of rubber or other suitable material, or a diaphragm
of rubber, metal, or other material.
One end of the lever handle for actuating the valve is formed into a sphere
whose diameter corresponds with the internal diameter of the cylindrical guide.
The spherical end of lever is fitted into the outer end of said guide by means of a
pin on which the lever is free to revolve through 90° of arc, suitable stops being
provided to prevent further movement either way.
The lever handle gives motion to the plunger through the medium of a link one
end of which is jointed to outer end of plunger the other end of link being pivoted
to lugs projecting from the surface of spherical end of lever the arrangement being
such that the link is deflected proportionately to the movement of the lever handle
with the effect of withdrawing the plunger & opening the valve.
The stroke or amount of travel of the plunger being strictly limited to that due
to the angular movement of lever handle it is necessary to provide for the wear of
the washer closing the valve. For this purpose I fix the pin or fulcrum on which
the lever handle is pivoted in a ring which is adjustable by means of screws or
otherwise on the beforementioned cylindrical guide, or, I make the plunger in two

page_text: or more portions & interpose between them coiled springs or discs of solid rubber
or other suitable elastic material, or I form a recess in end of plunger into which is
fitted a thick washer of soft rubber or other elastic material which washer may
itself form the joint with the seating though for most purposes & especially for hot
water I prefer to use a second washer of more durable material for sealing the
joint such as Asbestos, any of the preperations of celluloid, or a metallic plug or
disc or cup.
To prevent concussion I form on end of plunger & extending beyond the washers
a cylindro-conical projection which on closing, enters the orifice of the valve
seating in advance of the washers thus bringing the water to rest in a gradual
manner.
To lock or secure the valve from accidently opening I so arrange the before-
mentioned link in regard to the lever handle, that when the latter is in the position
of closed the said link makes a small angle with the longitudinal axis of plunger
as were the link in a line with such axis the system would be in a condition of
unstable equilibrium & liable to open at any shock or concussion in the pipes.
In the case of valves having a through or straight water way & of which the
ordinary Sluice or slide valve is a typical example, the plunger is actuated by the
same arrangement of link & lever already described.
Where the plunger is conical it may be a ground metal plug fitting into a conical
recess in valve body, or the plunger may be covered with rubber or other suitable
material or the recess may be lined with rubber or other material or the rubber,
asbestos, or other material may be contained in groves formed in the sides of
conical recess or in the plug or both.
In another modification the-plunger becomes wedge shaped & is treated with
rubber in the manner above described or the plunger may take the form of a
compound shutter or slide consisting mainly of two discs which on closing are
pressed into close contact with their respective faces by means of two links jointed
together & to the two discs these links being attached at their point of junction
with each other to the arrangement of link & lever & means of taking up wear
already described.
This invention may also be applied to a Ball or cistern supply valve in which
case the lever handle is extended & fitted at its outer extremity with the usual
Copper or Zink Ball & the packing for the plunger omitted.
Did thin 00nd daw of Fahmi 1884

page_text: I, WALTER CARR 13 Surrey Sqr Old Kent Rd London S.E Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN SERVICE SUPPLY
VALVES FOR HOT & COLD WATER & OTHER LIQUIDS & GASES and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a method of operating the valve by a quarter turn of
the Lever Handle, an arrangement for avoiding shock or concussion in the pipes
on closing the valve, a means of locking the valve when closed & the use of two
or more washers of different materials & method of fixing same.
In applying my invention to valves whose bodies are formed after the usual type
of draw off valves (whether the action be vertical or horizontal) I substitute for
the ordinary screwed spindle a cylindrical plunger working in a correspondingly
shaped guide formed by an extension of the valve body & disposed at a right angle
to the plane of the valve seating the plunger being made water-tight in said guide
by means of a stuffing box, cup leather, a rolling ring of rubber (or other suitable
material) or a diaphragm of rubber, metal, or other suitable material.
One end of the lever handle for actuating the valve is formed into a sphere
whose diameter corresponds with the internal diameter of the cylindrical guide
(other forms of the lever may be used as shown in the drawings) This end of the
lever is fitted into the outer end of said guide by means of a pin on which the
lever is free to revolve through about 90° of arc suitable stops being provided to
prevent further movement either way.
The lever handle gives motion to the plunger through the medium of a link one
end of which is jointed to outer end of plunger the other end of link being pivoted
to lugs projecting from spherical (or other shaped) end of lever so that motion of
the lever handle deflects the link with the effect of withdrawing the plunger &
opening the valve.
The stroke or amount of travel of the plunger being limited to that due to the
angular movement of the lever handle it is necessary to provide for the wear of
the washer closing the valve.
For this purpose I fix the pin or fulcrum on which the lever handle is pivoted,
in a ring which is adjustable by means of screws or otherwise on the before
mentioned cylindrical guide, or I make the plunger in two or more portions &
interpose between such portions, coiled springs, discs of solid rubber or other elastic
material or I depend entirely for the necessary elasticity on an extra thick solid
rubber washer fitted in a deep recess formed in the lower end of plunger This
extra thick washer may (& generally does) itself form the joint with the seating
though for some purposes & especially for hot water a second washer of more
durable material such as asbestos, certain preparations of celluloid, or a metallic
plug or disc, or a metallic plug or disc or cup may be used.
To prevent concussion I form on end of plunger & extending beyond the surface
of the washer or washers a cylindro conical projection which in closing enters the
orifice of the valve seating in advance of the washer, or I make the recess in which
is fitted the washer or washers of such a depth as to allow its lower edge or lip
to extend some distance below the surface of the said washer, or washers, & I
further in some cases make the plunger hollow with the object of forming a small,

page_text: air chamber, the result being that the column of water is gradually stopped, in the
first place by means of the cylindro conical projection entering the orifice of the
seating before the washer comes into actual contact with said seating, in the next
case in consequence of the edge or lip of recess surrounding the raised seating before
the valve is finally closed, & in the last arrangement by means of the elasticity of
the enclosed air contained in the hollow plunger.
I attach considerable importance to the method of constructing & fixing the
before mentioned raised seating. In the case of small valves this form of seating
presents certain practical difficulties especially where the body or shell of valve is
in one piece.
To overcome these difficulties I make the said seating seperate & secure it in
position by sweating with soft solder or by brazing it which method besides
answering the purpose of fixing said seating provides additional security against
any porousity of the metal at that particular part of the casting..
I also secure the seating by means of simple pressure exerter by means of a
screw or other suitable arrangement the external surface of the seating being
made taper as is also the hole in the shell into which it fits & the joint may or may
not be further secured by means of red or white lead or both, or other suitable
cement, or a thin film of metalic Lead or other soft metal may be used for the
same purpose.
In order to lock the valve when closed I so arrange the before mentioned link
with regard to the lever handle that when the latter is in the position of closed the
said link makes a small angle with the axial line of plunger, as were the axis of
the link coincident with that of the plunger the system would be in a condition of
unstable equilibrium & liable to open at any shock or vibration in the pipes.
In the case of valves having a through or straight water way, the plug, slide,
shutter or wedge is actuated by the same arrangement of link & lever before
described.
Where the plug is conical it may be of metal & ground into a correspondingly
formed recess in the valve body; or it may be covered with rubber or other
suitable material or the rubber or other material may be contained in grooves
formed either in the plug or in the sides of the conical recess, or both.
In another modification the plunger becomes wedge shaped & is treated with
rubber in the manner above described; or the plunger may take the form of a
compound shutter or slide consisting mainly of two discs which on closing are
pressed into close contact with their respective faces by means of two links jointed
together & to the two discs, these links being attached at their point of junction
with each other, to the arrangement of link & lever & taking up wear already
described.
The link & lever movement may also be applied together with the form of raised
seating & chambered plunger to Ball or cistern supply valves, in which case the
lever handle is extended & fitted with any of the usual forms of Ball or Float at
its extremity.
In the drawing A is the lever handle, B the link, C the plunger, the dotted lines
shewing the position of the air chamber; the dotted lines below the washer (which
is shewn solid Black) indicates the cylindro conical (or rather ogival) projection
when used. The outlet or nozzle is also shewn in dotted lines at E and may be in
any other direction besides that illustrated.
D is the seperate raised seating.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
invention & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1 The system of link & lever substantially as & for the purpose hereinbefore

page_text: 2 The form of plunger in combination with the special form of raised seating
substantially as & for the purpose herein before described & illustrated in my
drawing & method of fixing same.
3 The method of locking the valve when closed substantially as & for the purpose
berein before described & illustrated in drawing.
4 The application of the system of link & lever to valves having a straight or
through way substantially as & for the purpose herein before described.
Dated this 20th day of November 1884.
WALTER CARR.