CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Edward Hyde Andrew, of Pendleton, in the
County of Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of " CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Sealed the 10th March 1868, and dated the 27th September 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Edward Hyde
Andrew at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 27th September 1867.
I, JAMES EDWARD HYDE ANDREW, of Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
My present Invention consists in certain improvements upon or additions to
the looms for which former Letters Patent were granted to me on the 19 day
of April 1865, No. 1086. In Figure 13 of the Specification of the said
Patent I described how the position of the drop shuttle box was changed by
means of a pair of graduated step levers and a catch on the vertical arm of
an elbow, lever.
Now my present improvement consists in dispensing with the said elbow
ever and attaching the catch or projection to a bush sliding on a horizontal
lever, the position of the bush being changed by means of a pattern chain or
other equivalent. When the position of the shuttle box has been changed it
is held fast and the vibration prevented by a spring locking plate, or by a
locking plate and spring catch fitting in a lever, the other end of which lever

page_text: is provided with a spring break block fitting in a segmental shaped break lined
with leather or other substance to increase the friction.
Another part of my Invention consists in changing the position of the
shuttle box by means of a vibrating lever with a slide and catch or projection,
or by two graduated step levers, the prolongations of which are connected to
the shuttle box. The vibrating lever is moved by a cam or other equivalent
on the tappet or other shaft of the loom, and the slide and catch or projection
are moved by a pattern chain or other equivalent. The graduated steps may
be cast with the vibrating lever, and the slide with catches or projections may
be connected to the levers or rods actuating the shuttle box, or the graduated
steps may be suspended to the chain or rods from the shuttle box, and the
slide with catch or projection to govern the position of the shuttle box would
bé connected to a vibrating lever.
The above improvements are applicable to drop or circular shuttle boxes
with any number of compartments, and to the shedding and other motions of
looms.
When circular shuttle boxes are used the box is held in position by a taper
peg fixed to a spring, which peg fits in a hole in the wheel by which the box
is turned round, so as to prevent injury when there is an obstruction to the
turning of the box.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Edward Hyde Andrew in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 26th March 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
EDWARD HYDE ANDREW, of Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Edward Hyde Andrew, Her special license that I, the said James
Edward Hyde Andrew, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew, my executors, administrators; and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great

page_text: Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say) :-
My present Invention consists in certain improvements upon or additions
to the looms for which former Letters Patent were granted to me on the
Nineteenth day of April, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, Number
1086; but part of my improvements are applicable to looms with shuttle
boxes having several compartments of the ordinary construction.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into operation, I will proceed to describe the two accompanying Sheets
of Drawings.
On Sheet 1, Figure 1 is an end view, and Figure 2 is a back view, of part of
a loom to which my improvements are applied; Figure 3 is a plan of part of
my improvements.
a is the crank shaft; b, the tappet shaft; c, the lay or batten; d, the drop,
shuttle box containing in this instance six compartments, but this number
may be varied. On the shaft is the pinion a¹ gearing into the carrier
wheel e, in the face of which is a pin for giving motion to the intermittent
wheel; the pattern chain i passes around a barrel fixed to the boss of the
intermittent wheel i, and acts upon a bowl in the horizontal arın of the elbow
lever j, to the vertical arm of which is jointed the link ", which is connected
to the end of the horizontal arm 3, shewn best in Figure 3; this arm is.
jointed to the sliding bush and catch k which fits on the horizontal lever j;.
mounted on the fulcrum stud ; the spring is to hold the bowl of the elbow
lever in contact with the pattern chain. Upon the tappet shaft b6 are fixed
two tappets 6', which give a vibrating motion to the graduated step levers 1, 1,
which are similar to those described in the Specification of Letters Patent
granted to me on the Nineteenth of April, One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-five, Number 1086, and which are provided with antifriction bowls

page_text: taking into the grooves of the tappets b¹; the steps of the levers 1, 14, act on
the catch k, the position of which is governed by the different heights of the
links of the pattern chain . The position of the drop shuttle box d is
changed according to the position of the sliding bush and catch k by means
of the link m¹ connecting the lever j* to the lever g, vibrating on the stud g';
to the other end of the lever g is connected the end of the rod d¹ jointed
above to the drop box d. Whenever the position of the shuttle box has been
changed the lever g is held fast by the locking catch g³ taking into recesses in
the segmental end of the lever g, and the vibration of the shuttle box is pre-
vented by the spring break block 9 acting against the segmental break
block t', which is lined with leather or other suitable substance to produce
friction; the spring g* connected above to a bracket and below to the lever g
is to balance the shuttle box d.
Figure 4 represents a modification of my improved mode of holding the
drop shuttle box in position; b is the tappet shaft; b, a tappet acting on the
elbow lever v, the extremity of the vertical arm of which takes into recesses
in the segmental part of the lever g similar to the one shewn in Figure 1; the
spring is to hold the vertical arm of the elbow lever v in the recesses of the
lever 9 ; the tappet 6 liberates the lever 9 when the position of the shuttle
box has to be changed.
Figures 5 and 6 are two views of part of a loom representing a modification
of my Invention applied to a loom with a circular shuttle box. a is the crank
shaft; 6, the tappet shaft; c, the lay or batten; d, the circular shuttle box
with six compartments. On the shaft a is the pinion a' for driving the pattern
cbain by the carrier wheel e and intermittent wheel i, as before described;
the links of the pattern chain act on the elbow lever j, the lower arm of which
has a segmental slot fitting on a stud projecting from the slide k which fits on
the lever g; this lever is mounted on the stud 9, which also serves as fulcrum
for the graduated step levers 7, 11. These step levers are acted upon alter-
nately or when required by the catches projecting from the slide k, the
position of which on the lever g is governed (when the lever g is down and
clear of the step levers) direct by the pattern chain i¹ and elbow lever j,
above described; the step levers are prolonged beyond the fulcrum stud g',
and are provided with the spring break blocks g acting on the segmental
break blocks t¹. To the extremities of the levers 1, 11, are connected the ends
of the rods and chain d', which pass around a toothed wheel fixed to the end of
the circular shuttle box, or the shuttle box may be turned round by rack and
pinion or otherwise. On the tappet shaft 6 is fixed the tappet b¹ acting on a
bowl on the lever, which is connected to the lever g by the link m'; by

page_text: و
this arrangement every revolution of the tappet shaft causes the levers j* and g
to vibrate on their fulcrum studs, and as the position of the slide k on the
lever g is governed by the pattern chain, it is evident that the catches of the
slide k will act in succession on different steps of the levers 7, 11, the ends of
which are connected to the shuttle box by the rods and chain d', or otherwise,
consequently as the levers 1, 11, are moved more or less a corresponding
motion will be imparted to the shuttle box. By varying the arrangement of
the links of the pattern chain any compartment of the shuttle box can be
brought in line with the shuttle race.
On Sheet 2, Figure 7 is an end view, and Figure 8 a back view, of part of a
loom, to which a modification of my improvements is applied. a is the crank
shaft; a', a pinion on the same; c, the lay or batten; d, the drop shuttle box,
containing in this instance three compartments, but a greater or less number
may be used. The pinion a¹ gears into the carrier wheel e which drives the
wheel mounted on a stud fixed to a bracket bolted to the loom side. In
the face of the wheel f is a grooved tappet for giving a vibrating motion to
the step levers 7,, which are provided with antifriction bowls taking into the
groove of the tappet. The steps of the levers 1, 1, act on the catch k pro-
jecting from the upright which swivels on a stud fixed in the vibrating
lever g mounted on the stud 9'. The position of the catch k is varied so as
to bring it opposite the various steps in the levers 7, 1, by means of the links
in the tappet chain which passes over a drum cast or fixed to the inter-
mittent wheel i, which is turned round when required by a pin projecting
from the disc f' cast or fixed to the wheel f. When the upright k¹ has been
raised or lowered by the action of the graduated steps the lever g imparts by
means of the connecting rod d' a corresponding alteration in the position of
the drop box d, and after each change the lever g is held fast by the locking
plate t with recesses, into which the bowl of the spring catch genters, and
the vibration of the drop shuttle box is prevented by the spring break block g³
fitting the segmental-shaped break block t¹, which is lined with leather or
other suitable substance to produce friction. In some cases an ordinary
spring locking plate may be used instead of the plate t and spring catch g³.
The spring g is connected above to a fixed bracket and below to the lever g;
the object of this spring is to balance the drop box d. The links of the chain ?¹
act in succession on the bowl projecting from the elbow lever j, the lower arm
of which has a stud taking into a slot in the upright k¹.
the number of links of different heights in the chains
correspond to the number of steps in the levers 1, 4, and
compartments in the shuttle boxes d.
It is evident that
must in all cases
to the number of

page_text: By means of this Invention any required shuttle can be brought into line
with the shuttle race, any number of picks can be given by each shuttle, and
a pattern of great variety can be produced with comparatively short chains,
the vibration of the shuttle box is also prevented.
The above improvements are also applicable to the shedding and other
motions of looms.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention; and described the manner
of performing the same, I declare that I claim,-
First. The sliding bush and catch k, in combination with the graduated
step levers (described in the Patent above referred to) and the machinery
for moving the said sliding bush and catch, as shewn in Figures 1, 2, 3, 5,
and 6.
Secondly. The spring catch gå for locking the lever, by which the shuttle
box is moved, as shewn and described in Figures 1, 2, 7, and 8..
Thirdly. The spring break blocks g and segment t¹ to prevent the vibration.
of the shuttle box, as shewn and described in Figures 1, 3, and 7.
Fourthly. The locking lever v, shewn in Figure 4, for holding the shuttle
box in position and releasing the same at the time of changing the position of
the shuttle box.
And, fifthly. The mode described and shewn in Figure 5 for actuating
the circular shuttle box by graduated step levers and sliding bush and
catch.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Edward Hyde Andrew, have
hereto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of March, One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
JAS. E. H. ANDREW. (L.B.)