New or Improved Means of, and Apparatus for, Automatically Measuring and Delivering any Predetermined Volumes of Liquid.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Aug., 1894-Accepted, 29th Sept., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
New or Improved Means of, and Apparatus for, Automatically
Measuring and Delivering any Predetermined Volumes of
Liquid.
I, JOHN GIBSON CROSSMAN, of 2, Black Rock Road, in the City and County
of Cork, Ireland, Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
-
The object of my invention is to provide simple and efficient means of accurately
measuring and delivering automatically as and when required any predetermined
volumes of liquids. The apparatus I employ for the purpose is applicable for
dealing with any kinds of liquids, but it is more particularly designed for adding to
ales and stouts syrup or "priming" (fermenting malt extract) in such quantities as
may be required to suit the varying requirements and sizes of the receptacles for
containing same, and it may be used either before or after filling such receptacles.
This operation is usually performed by hand and is not only long and tedious,
but moreover entails inaccuracy of measurement and waste of materials.
According to my invention the whole operation is performed by gravity and is
accurately and economically effected by the operation of one valve.
I provide an apparatus having two receivers or cylinders each fitted with a piston
adjustable to suit any required volume of the liquid. This is admitted from a store
vessel by gravity to one cylinder whilst the other is discharging its previously
received contents into the cask or other receptacle. Thus the operation may be
continuous and automatic, save as to the regulation of the one supply-and-delivery
valve.
In a single apparatus for small plant but one cylinder is needed which is
alternately filled by gravity with any required volume of liquid and then discharged
by suitably operating the valve.
For a duplex apparatus such as I prefer I provide a pair of closed cylinders, the
upper covers being removable. In each is fitted a piston adapted for reciprocating
motion by a screwed spindle passing through the top cover and fitted with a hand
wheel. These spindles are hollow and fitted with suitable foot valves for escape of
air but retention of liquid. The part of each spindle extending above the cover is
marked with suitable graduations indicating the position of piston for any required
volume of cylinder contents. The upper ends of the hollow spindles may be
connected together by a flexible tube, with a glass or other transparent insertion,
for a purpose hereinafter referred to. The lower parts of the cylinders below the
pistons are connected by pipes to the liquid supply-pipe from the store vessel and
also to the delivery branch to the casks or other receptacles to which a filling hose
pipe may be fixed. At the junction a four-way cock is fixed. All joints are
preferably made detachable by ordinary unions.
In operation, when the four-way cock connects the supply to one cylinder it also
connects the other cylinder to the delivery. Thus as one cylinder discharges the
other fills, and during the operation the air escaping from the filling cylinder passes
through the aforesaid flexible connection into the discharging cylinder, any
unintentional following up of liquor being detectable by means of the glass
usertion. The apparatus can thus be continuously used and the pistons set to
measure any desired quantity of liquid.
In a single cylinder apparatus a three-way cock is sufficient, connection being
made in one position between supply vessel and cylinder, and in the other position
between cylinder and discharge.

page_text: When priming is to be delivered into a full cask the foot of the filling hose pipe
which is intended to connect with the bung-hole of the cask is fitted with a specially
constructed thimble carrying a coned flexible annular cushion adapted to fit any
bung-hole and make a tight joint. An annular space is left between the thimble
and the pipe in which an escape orifice is made and fitted with an escape pipe for
discharging displaced liquid to any suitable receiver, whereby waste is prevented.
Dated this 31st day of January 1894.
J. C. CHAPMAN,
Agent.
New or Improved Means of, and Apparatus for, Automatically
Measuring and Delivering any Predetermined Volumes of
Liquid.
I, JOHN GIBSON CROSSMAN, of 2, Black Rock Road, in the City and County
of Cork, Ireland, Brewer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide simple and efficient means of accurately
measuring and delivering automatically as and when required any predetermined
volumes of liquids.
any kinds
The apparatus I employ for the purpose is applicable for dealing with
of liquids, but it is more particularly designed for adding to ales and stouts syrups
and other primings including any fermenting or other frothy liquid, in such
quantities as may be required to suit the varying requirements and sizes of the
receptacles for containing same, and it may be used either before or after filling such
receptacles.
This operation is usually performed by hand and is not only long and tedious,
but moreover entails inaccuracy of measurement and waste of materials.
According to my invention the whole operation is performed by gravity and is
accurately and economically effected by the simple operation of giving a cock one
quarter turn.
I provide an apparatus having two receivers or cylinders each fitted with a piston
adjustable to suit any required volume of the liquid. This is admitted from a store
vessel by gravity to one cylinder whilst the other is discharging its previously
received contents into the cask or other receptacle. Thus the operation may be
continuous and automatic, save as to the regulation of the one supply-and-delivery
cock.
In a single apparatus for small plant but one cylinder is needed which is
alternately filled by gravity with any required volume of liquid and then discharged
by suitably operating the cock.
I will fully describe in reference to the accompanying drawings first a duplex
apparatus constructed according to my invention such as I prefer to use.
Fig. 1 is an elevation of the apparatus, the left hand cylinder being in
section.
Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are details hereafter explained.
Figs. 5 and 6 are sections through a four-way cock.
A A¹ are a pair of closed cylinders, the upper covers a. a¹ being removable and
preferably made with bayonet joints as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, which are
In each cylinder is
respectively a plan of cylinder top and an inverted plan of lid.
fitted a piston B adapted for reciprocating motion by a screwed spindle S passing
through the top cover and fitted with a hand wheel W, so that by setting the
pistons in any desired positions the measuring capacity of the cylinders can be
altered and adjusted exactly as required. Each spindle S S' is hollow and fitted
with a suitable foot valve V for escape of air but retention of liquid. The valve I

page_text: prefer to use is shown in Fig. 4, and consists of a hollow metal ball V working in
an open guide frame v which is screwed into the piston B so that the valve seats
against the lower orifice of spindle S, the seat being sunk into the piston about
of the ball's diameter. The part of each spindle S extending above the cover is
marked with suitable graduations, as illustrated for example to the right of Fig. 1,
the figures 1, 2, 3, indicating the corresponding contents in gallons for each position
of the piston B. This index is preferably marked in a slot s cut in the screwed
spindle, with which also a stud s', Fig. 3, fixed to the cover engages, and both
serves as a guide and prevents the piston being turned round by the hand wheel W
without proper vertical motion. The upper ends of the hollow spindles S S' are or
may with advantage be connected together by a flexible tube F with a glass or
other transparent insertion f for a purpose hereinafter referred to. The lower parts
of the cylinders A A¹ below their pistons are connected by pipes P P¹ to the liquid
supply pipe which is shown at L and which comes from the store vessel (not
shown), and also to the delivery branch D to the casks or other receptacles to
which a filling hose may be fixed at d. At the junction of these pipes a four-way
cock C is fixed; this is shown separately in Figs. 5 and 6. The former figure
illustrates the connection open between the store vessel and the cylinder A so that
a charge of liquid will enter A, and between the cylinder A' and the delivery so
that the contents of A¹ will discharge. The construction of this valve calls for no
further detailed description. All joints are preferably made detachable by ordinary
unions as shown.
In operation, when the four-way cock connects the supply to either cylinder it
also connects the other cylinder to the delivery. Thus as one cylinder discharges
the other simultaneously fills, and during the operation the air escaping from the
filling cylinder passes up the hollow spindle and escapes, or if the two spindles are
connected as illustrated it will pass through the aforesaid flexible connection F into
the discharging cylinder, any unintentional following up of liquor caused by failure
of valve V being detectable by means of the glass insertion above mentioned.
This connection may be used or not, at will. The apparatus can thus be con-
tinuously used and the pistons set to measure any desired quantity of liquid.
In cases where the quantity to be measured is not sufficient for the employment
of a two-cylinder machine such as above described, I employ a single cylinder
apparatus with a three-way cock. This is illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8, similar
letters of reference being used to denote the parts above referred to in explanation
of the double machine. In this case connection is made in one position as
illustrated in Fig. 8 between the supply vessel and the cylinder, and in the other
position of the three way cock between the cylinder A and the discharge D.
When "priming" is to be delivered into a full cask the foot of the filling hose
pipe which is intended to connect with the bung-hole of the cask is fitted with a
specially constructed apparatus. This I have illustrated in section in Fig. 9. M is
the hose pipe attachment having an external concentric tube or thimble m arranged
to carry a coned, flexible, annular cushion N of indiarubber or the like, adapted to
fit any bung-hole of any cask X and make an airtight joint therewith. In the
annular orifice O between pipe and thimble an escape orifice o is made and fitted
with an escape pipe Q for discharging displaced liquid. This attachment may
obviously be used as a syphon when required. In use with full casks, when the
priming" from the above described apparatus passes through tubes D and M into
the full cask, the displaced beer passes up the space O and escapes through Q to
any suitable receptacle, the syphon action of the attachment facilitating the
operation of the removal of the displaced beer. By these means waste is absolutely
prevented.
66
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The apparatus for automatically measuring and delivering any predetermined

page_text: volumes of liquid, consisting of the combination of cylinders with pistons and hollow
screwed rods and means of adjusting same, said cylinders being connected below
their pistons with liquid supply and delivery pipes, and the inflow and discharge of
liquid being controlled by a suitable cock in such a manner that by varying its
position one cylinder will fill and the other discharge, all substantially as herein
above described.
2. The arrangement of a four-way cock in combination with two cylinders, or a
three-way cock in combination with one cylinder, substantially as and for the
purposes herein above described and illustrated.
3. The several arrangements of my improved apparatus shown respectively in
Figs. 1 to 6, and in Figs. 7 and 8.
4. The arrangement in combination with the herein before described apparatus,
of the hose pipe attachment illustrated in Fig. 9, substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
Dated this znu uay of August 1994.
For the Applicant,
J. C. CHAPMAN,
70, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.