THEDDAZUMEVAS TE SLIDE VALUES FOD RECIPROCATING ENGINES "
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Brotherhood, of No. 25, Ladbrooke Gardens,
Notting Hill, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of
"THEDDAZUMEVAS TE SLIDE VALUES FOD RECIPROCATING ENGINES "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Brotherhood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th November 1874.
I, PETER BROTHERHOOD, of No. 25, Ladbrooke Gardens, Notting Hill,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said.
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SLIDE VALVES FOR RECIPROCATING ENGINES,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to a mode of constructing, arranging, and
working slide valves for alternately admitting fluid under pressure to a
cylinder and allowing its escape therefrom so as to effect the working of
a reciprocating piston. For this purpose I provide at the one end of the
cylinder if it is single acting, or at both ends if it is double acting, a

page_text: ring, which is made to revolve either by gearing it to the main shaft of
the engine if there be such a shaft, or by working it when the engine has
no rotating shaft either by hand or by connection to some convenient
rotating shaft, or it may be by a small engine worked by the fluid under
pressure. This ring is made of the same internal diameter as the I
cylinder, and revolves inside a fixed ring or seating, or it may be made
of greater diameter to revolve outside the annular seating, and holes are
provided through both the ring and the seating, so that when the former
revolves its holes are brought successively to face corresponding holes in
the seating, thus affording passages through the rings for the working :
fluid to and from annular eduction and induction cavities formed round
the rings.
There may be two such rotating rings as I have described at the one
end or at each end of the cylinder, the one ring in each case giving
passages for induction and the other for eduction. In many cases:
however, as for steam hammers, stampers, percussive rock drills, and like
apparatus, both the induction and the eduction holes may be arranged
in two rows or tiers in a single revolving ring in such manner as to effect
openings alternately to the induction and eduction cavities.
I prefer, whether one or two rings be employed as above described, to
provide the induction holes in a row next to the end of the cylinder, the
eduction holes being at a little distance from the end, so that when the
piston passes the latter as it approaches the end of its stroke a cushion
is provided beyond it which has the effect of retarding and arresting it
before it can strike the end of the cylinder.
In cases where the engine is of a kind having no rotating shaft, as in
hammers, stampers, or rock drills, I prefer to drive the slide ring by
means of a small engine fixed on the end of the cylinder, and for this
purpose a three-cylinder engine of the kind described in the Specifications
of Patents granted to me on the 24th January 1873, No. 287, and on the 1
5th June 1873, No. 2003, is especially applicable.
When the slide rings of the kind which I have described are applied to
double-acting cylinders those at the one end of the cylinder may be
separate from those at the other end, but worked simultaneously by
gearing from a shaft extending lengthwise of the cylinder within a
jacket; or the whole interior of the cylinder may be formed in one with

page_text: the rings at the ends, and may be made to revolve, thus giving the
necessary rotation to the rows of holes provided for induction and
eduction passage at each end.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Peter Brotherhood in the Great Scal Patent Office
on the 10th May 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, PETER
BROTHERHOOD, of No. 25, Ladbrooke Gardens, Notting Hill, in the
County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Peter Brotherhood, Her special license.
that I, the said Peter Brotherhood, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Peter Brotherhood, executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN SLIDE VALVES FOR RECIPROCATING ENGINES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Peter Brotherhood, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Brotherhood, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying

page_text: Sheet of Drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say:-
My Invention relates to a mode of constructing, arranging, and
working slide valves for alternately admitting fluid under pressure to a
cylinder and allowing its escape therefrom so as to effect the working of
a reciprocating piston. For this purpose I provide at the one end of the
cylinder if it is single acting, or at both ends if it is double acting, a
ring which is made to revolve either by gearing it to the main shaft of
the engine if there be such a shaft, or by working it when the engine
has no rotating shaft either by hand or by connection to some convenient
rotating shaft, or it may be by a small engine worked by the fluid under
pressure. This ring is made of the same internal diameter as the
cylinder, and revolves inside a fixed ring or seating, or it may be made
of greater diameter to revolve outside the annular seating, and holes are
provided through both the ring and the seating, so that when the former
revolves its holes are brought successively to face corresponding holes in
the seating, thus affording passages through the rings for the working
fluid to and from annular eduction and induction cavities formed round
the rings.
There may be two such rotating rings as I have described at the one
end or at each end of the cylinder, the one ring in each case giving
passages for induction and the other for eduction. In many cases
however, as for steam hammers, stampers, percussive rock drills, and like
apparatus, both the induction and the eduction holes may be arranged in
two rows or tiers in a single revolving ring in such manner as to effect
openings alternately to the induction and eduction cavities.
I prefer, whether one or two rings be employed as above described, to
provide the induction holes in a row next to the end of the cylinder, the
eduction holes being at a little distance from the end, so that when the
piston passes the latter as it approaches the end of its stroke a cushion is
provided beyond it which has the effect of retarding and arresting it
before it can strike the end of the cylinder.
In cases where the engine is of a kind having no rotating shaft, as in
hammers, stampers, or rock drills, I prefer to drive the slide ring by
means of a small engine fixed on the end of the cylinder, and for this
purpose a three-cylinder engine of the kind described in the Specifications

page_text: of Patents granted to me on the 24th January 1878, No. 287, and on the
5th June 1873, No. 2003, is especially applicable.
When the slide rings of the kind which I have described are applied
to double-acting cylinders those at the one end of the cylinder may be
separate from those at the other end, but worked simultaneously by
gearing from a shaft extending lengthwise of the cylinder within a
jacket; Or the whole interior of the cylinder may be formed in one with
the rings at the ends, and may be made to revolve, thus giving the
necessary rotation to the rows of holes provided for induction and
aduction at each end
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of the cylinder of a percussive rock
drill, steam hammer, stamper, or other machine wherein reciprocating
motion is given to a piston by the pressure of steam or other fluid
alternately admitted to and allowed to escape from the cylinder, such
alternate admission and emission being effected by means of a revolving
slide ring according to my Invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan through
the said ring and the ports which it controls.
A is the pipe supplying fluid under pressure communicating with an
annular cavity a; B is the discharge pipe, which also communicates with
a cavity 6 surrounding the cylinder head, except where it is crossed by a
passage c for supplying the other end of the cylinder from a; S is a
fixed cylindrical seating or ring having through it two tiers of holes al
and &³, the holes of the one tier being intermediate in position to those
of the other tier; R is the revolving slide ring, having also two tiers of
holes and, the holes of the one tier being arranged in line with those
of the other. The ring R is connected to a shaft D, which is turned by
bevil or other gear either by hand or from any convenient revolving
shaft. The piston P is made with a large rod p, so that the area of the
upper face of the piston exceeds the annular area below which it is
always subject to the pressure communicated through the passage c. As
the ring R revolves it brings the holes r³, r, to face alternately the
holes &,, so that fluid under pressure is alternately admitted to and
discharged from the upper end of the cylinder, causing in the one case
the piston to make its forward or down stroke, whilst in the other case
the pressure on the annular area of the piston causes it to make its
return stroke.

page_text: Fig. 3 represents a vertical section of the cylinder of a percussive
rock drill provided with a revolving slide ring according to my Invention,
worked by a triple cylinder engine of the kind described in the Specifi-
cations above referred to.
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan through the slide ring, and Fig. 5 is a sectional
plan through the piston rod and stuffing box at the lower end of the
cylinder. In this case the slide ring R is made to revolve within the
seating ring 8 by being fixed on the shaft D of a triple cylinder engine E,
so as to operate in the manner already described in reference to Figs. 1
and 2. The piston P instead of being caused to make its back stroke by
fluid pressure is brought back by a helical spring F. In order to turn
the drill G a helical slot, or preferably a pair of such slots H, is formed
in the piston rod p receiving feathers h on a ratchet ring K, with the
teeth of which a spring pawl L engages. As the piston makes its down
stroke the helical slots turn the ring K. one tooth round, and at the return
stroke, the ring being prevented by the pawl L from turning backwards,
the piston itself, and with it the drill G, is turned partly round. The
apparatus is advanced as the hole deepens or is retracted by means of a
screw M working within a tubular guide N, on which the apparatus is
mounted so as to be free to slide.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I claim the use as a slide valve of
a ring with holes through it made to revolve so as to bring these holes to
face alternately induction and eduction ports of a cylinder for effecting
the alternate admission and emission of the working fluid, substantially
as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Brotherhood, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.