IMPROVEMENTS IN RAISING AND TRANSPORTING EARTH AND OTHER HEAVY BODIES
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MOSES
POOLE, of the Patent Office, Serle Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date nt.
Westminster, the Eighteenth day of November, in the ninth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Moses Poole, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Moses Poole, my exors, adiñors, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Moses Poole, my exors, adiñors, .or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAISING AND
TRANSPORTING EARTH AND OTHER HEAVY BODIES," communicated to me from
abroad; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said
Moses Poole, shall cause a particular description of the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in
Her said Majesty's High. Court of Chancery within six calendar months next.

page_text: and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I hereby
declare the nature of the Invention communicated to me, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and ascertained in
and by the following description thereof, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to
say:
The Invention relates to arrangements of apparatus for raising and trans-
porting eartli and other bodies. The work may be described as being
arranged, first, by the employment of men in the ordinary way for loosening
the earth by pickaxes and filling the carts; and, secondly, in raising and
removing the materials to wherever they may be required.
I will describe the first arrangement adopted by me. I have represented a
portion of the side of a hill marked A, and also a level place marked B, as the
spot where the work is supposed to be going on, and it will be understood
that the earth is taken from the part marked C and shot down to the part
marked D. This is worked in the small wagons or carts E, the description
and mode of working which I will now give. It will be seen that the back
part of the framing the cart is higher and wider than at the front to allow
of the opening being as large as possible when required in order that the
contents may be more readily discharged. The wheels are about three feet
five inches in diameter. It is intended to be moved by two men, and when
the cart is required to be emptied the workman pulls the cord shown in
the Drawing, which raises the back board and allows the contents to fall
out, by which the necessity of. removing the tail board is avoided accord-
ing to the ordinary practice of unloading carts; and it is the mode of
constructing the wagons capable of being so unloaded that constitutes one
portion of the Invention, and by the employment of these carts a consi-
derably greater quantity of work can be done than by the use of wheel-
barrows. When working on the loose, new, or newly-formed ground I use
an arrangement of railroad shown in the Drawing (G), for the wheels of
the waggons or carts to run on. This railway is constructed as follows:-This
rail is formed of pieces of wood; one end of these pieces is formed concave
and the other convex, in order that the one may fit into the other; the end b
is fastened by pins to a plate 6, and there is a small iron peg in the centre.
upon which the rail turns. The plate 6' is about two and a half inches thick
and about fifteen inches wide, and these rails and plates not being fixed to the.

page_text: ground are capable of being easily moved from place to place, and the position
of the railroad may be changed without taking up the whole of the rails;
whereas with the rails now used they are fixed, and only capable of being
used to one point, which causes. an additional expense and delay of the
work. When it is required to change the position. it will be seen that
all that is necessary is to place these rails in parallel directions: accord
ing to the width of the wagons employed, and the workman. can without
losing any time, readily change their position when required. And I have
called this an elastic railway; for the pieces of wood on which the wheels of
the wagons run are to be covered with an iron plate over their width and a
small part of their thickness. When working at a great depth. from the
surface of the earth, such as making cuttings, the materials dug out have to
be raised. II is the space, supposed to be where. the apparatus is at work,
for raising the carth to be carried to the space I, according to the ordinary
plan. It is extremely difficult, and occupies a considerable time to raise the
carth from a great depth. By the arrangements now to be described: the
difficulty will be considerably decreased.. Let us suppose that the earth
between the line marked J and the line marked K to be the place where the
operations are being carried on. I first cut a trench by the ordinary means, of
about ten or twelve feet in width, and to the depth of the level of the line K,
and of sufficient length to allow the inclined way or apparatus to be properly
adjusted, and I dig out a circular hole in the ground, as shewn at L,. over
which I place the framing M. Upon this frame is adjusted two supports to
receive the wheel N; I then place at the higher ground J another framing
O, to which is. affixed pieces of wood P joined together to form the length of
way required. according to the height or distance there is between the low and
the high ground, and, on these inclined pieces of wood the waggons E. move,
as will be described. Over the wheel. N. and another wheel N at the upper
and lower part. are passed the endless chains;. and by means of the' screw R
the necessary tension is given to the chains.
'
The mode of constructing these chains for this purpose is another point. of
the novelty of this. Invention. The chain. is formed: of separate pieces, and
connected together by pins, and these may readily be separated: by driving out
the pins which connect the pieces together. T. is a staple affixed to the axle
of the waggon and to the lower part of the body of the waggon. U, U,
are looks; which are affixed to the chain; and which; when the cart
is brought to it, is hooked into this staple T; and when' motion is given
to the endless chain carries up with .it the waggon or cart, as will readily
be understood by the Drawing. When the waggon arrives at the upper

page_text: part J, there is a small elevation upon which the wheels of the waggon
descend, at the same time the hook opens and the carriage is thrown
forward faster than the motion of the chain, and is disconnected without
stopping the machine. From thence it is pushed to the place required for the
contents to be discharged, and brought back empty to be hooked on to the
chain A², to be drawn down. Thus it will be seen that the waggons are
carried up by the frame B³, and descend by the frame A³, so that the filling of
the waggons may be carried on at both points, and that which is nearest to
the chain may be raised as soon as it is filled. The machine may be put in
motion by any suitable power. In the Drawing it is shewn to be worked by
horses. When it is required that the materials raised should be carried any
distance the framing O is raised eight or ten feet above the level of the ground
upon a platform, and from thence the materials are discharged into carts and
carried away by horses, &c. D³ shows the sliding upright employed when this
is desired to be carried out. By examining the Drawings the mode of
working these arrangements will readily be understood.
In the Drawing at Figure 1 is a waggon E3 intended to be raised up an
inclined pláne by means of a cord. A front view of this plan is shewn at F³.
I am aware that it has been before proposed to raise earth in barrows up
inclined planes by means of ropes passing over pullies; I do not, therefore,
claim that, except when combined with my arrangement of waggons. In
order to facilitate the removing of the earth raised, or in making cuttings for
railways, instead of using the waggons now employed, I construct a flat
framing capable of holding about six of my improved waggons, by which I
am enabled to fill them at different points at the same time; and as they are
filled they are placed on the frame, and the whole may be removed by any
convenient means to the place where the contents may be discharged at
different points at one time, by which a great economy of labour is effected.
In the Drawing I have. not given any scale, but it will be evident that the
different parts must be made in proportion to the nature of the work to be
done and the weight to be raised. The pieces of wood which form the body
of the apparatus in which the carriage runs up "the incline" are made in
three pieces, shown in section at 7, on the upper part of the upright D, and
the surfaces in which, the wheels run are covered with iron plate.
In witness whereof, I, the said Moses Poole, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-six.
MOSES (L.s.) POOLE.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eighteenth day of May, in the
year of our Lord 1846, the aforesaid Moses Poole came before our said Lady
the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Eighteenth day of May, in
of May, in the year of our Lord On
thousand eight hundred and forty-six.