An Improved Rotary Grinding and Pulverising Machine.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Dec., 1894-Accepted, 2nd Feb., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Rotary Grinding and Pulverising Machine.
I RICHARD DURRANT LANGLEY, of Brighton Road, Brighton in the Province
of South Australia, Engineer and Cement Manufacturer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to means for crushing and grinding or pulverising
ores or other materials in a wet or in a dry state, and the machine hereinafter
described has been designed to economise power and secure the perfect reduction of
material as aforesaid.
The principle of my invention is the utilisation of the weight of an upper part of
the machine for the purpose of securing greater attrition in the action of a lower
set of rollers and I have illustrated and described a machine by which this result
may be conveniently and economically attained. This is effected by having an
upper and a lower pan and accompanying rollers, worked by a vertical shaft, the
upper pan receiving the ore or material first and its rollers partly reducing it,
whence the crushed ore is conveyed to the lower pan where the lower rollers
reduce it to the ultimate fineness required. The upper pan, which is supported by
legs or brackets resting upon the axles of the lower rollers, encircles the main
shaft of the machine and is free to slide up and down but is provided with a key
or feather so that it is rotated with the shaft. The rollers of the upper pan are
supported upon axles which have no radial motion but are free to slide up and
down guides in the main frame. The lower rollers are moved round in the grooves
of the lower pan, which is stationary, by axles attached to the central vertical
shaft. The machine is so constructed that the weight of the upper part is utilised
as hereinafter described for the ultimate grinding of the material by the lower
rollers, thereby reducing the weight required in the lower rollers themselves and
consequently the power and weight of metal required to secure the quick and fine
reduction of material to ultimate fineness. The pressure upon the material in the
lower pan is increased or lessened by
(a) Using the total weight of the upper rotary pan and all rollers.
(b) Using the weight of the upper rotary pan and the lower rollers.
(c) Using the weight of the lower rollers only.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood I will now describe the
machine by reference to the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a side view, half an outside view, and half a vertical section.
Figure 2 is an end view partly in section.
Figure 3 is a plan view, partly a section through upper roller, partly a view of
underside of upper pan, partly a view of the bed plate, and partly a view of the
lower pan.
Figure 4 is a section of the lower roller and of the lower pan and bed plate.
Figure 5 is a plan partly over upper pan and rollers and partly over lower pan
and rollers.
Figures 6 and 7 are cross section, and side view respectively of the driving boss
of the lower rollers.
Within a suitable frame A. is a central vertical shaft B which has at the top a
bevel wheel B' driven by suitable gearing, the bottom being supported in a footstep
or bearing B. A lower pan C is fixed at the base of the machine and is stationary
being provided with two annular grooves C¹ C³ round which the rollers D D D Ď

page_text: are carried by means of the axles M M. These are secured to the central shaft B
by a driving boss W by a hinge connection, which allows them to move a
little vertically. The boss W encircles the shaft and is secured thereto
and is provided with sockets in which the ends of the axles are secured by
horizontal pins.
Above the lower rollers is an upper pan E which encircles the central shaft B
and is so fitted as to be free to slide up and down the shaft but is provided with a
feather or key so that it is rotated with the shaft. This upper pan is supported
upon two legs or brackets R R which rest upon the axles M M of the lower rollers.
The rollers F F of the upper pan are fitted upon axles S S which do not have a
radial motion but are supported in bearings S1 S2 and S³. The bearing S' encircles
the central shaft B and is free to move up and down while the bearings S2 and S³
move up and down in slots in the frame A.
The method of operation of my machine is as follows:-The ore or material to
be reduced is fed through a spout or hopper into the upper pan E, where it is
rapidly crushed between the faces of the rollers F F and the face of the pan.
After being crushed suitable scrapers wbich are fixed upon the stationary bars G
come into operation and scrape the broken material through openings E' in the
inner face of the pan whence it falls upon the cone H which deflects it so that it
falls between the lower rollers into the grooves C₁ C² in which they work and is
there ground to the requisite degree of fineness.
After being ground the material is pushed through openings C³ in the inner
sides of the grooves C and C² by suitable scrapers fixed upon bars K secured to
the driving boss W of the lower rollers and rotating with it. The material falls
into a hopper or chute and thence by an elevator it is carried to a centrifugal or
other separator or sieves where any portions not sufficiently ground are eliminated
and returned to the pan for further reduction.
I prefer to work the machine as above described but in dealing with certain
kinds of material it may not be necessary to use all the weight upon the lower
rollers.
For some material the weight of the lower rollers alone may be sufficient in
which case I support the upper pan with its rollers upon a collar or clamp N (sce
Figure 1) secured to the central shaft B. This collar or clamp may be in two
or more parts bolted together and held in position by set screws or cottars as
preferred. When not thus used the collar or clamp is secured lower down the
shaft.
For other material it may be preferred to use the weight of the upper pan
without that of its rollers. This is accomplished by supporting the axles of the
upper rollers from the top of the frame by means of the brackets or straps P (see
Figure 1) at a sufficient height to still allow them to operate in the upper pan.
When greater pressure is required upon the lower rollers the nuts P¹ are slackened
until all the weight or any desired portion is taken by the pan.
Thus by the use of my one machine the hardest material may be reduced to fine
powder and work thereby accomplished which generally requires the use of two or
inore machines and great economy is effected in the operation.
All the working parts are so designed as to be easily, quickly and econo-
mically replaced, and the machines can be made of any size and weight
required.
The whole of my grinding machine is enclosed within a dust proof casing whilst
all the driving gear is above the same, so that the driving gear is entirely free
from dust and grit and the wear consequent thereon.
I do not confine myself to the precise number and shape of rollers or of the pans
and grooves therein nor to the means of adjusting the weight and bearing of
the upper parts nor to any particular means of rotating the vertical shaft nor
to other details of construction which may be varied without departing from my
invention, but

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First. In crushing, grinding or pulverising machinery, two circular pans provided
with rollers, one pan and its rollers underneath the other pan and its rollers, the
lower rollers carrying the weight of the upper pan and rollers or of the upper pan
for the purpose set forth.
Second. In crushing, grinding or pulverising machinery an upper rotary pan
provided with legs resting upon the axles of a lower set of rotary rollers, as and
for the purpose set forth.
Third. In crushing, grinding or pulverising machinery, an adjustable collar or
clamp upon a vertical shaft for the purpose of supporting the weight of an upper
pan or of allowing the weight thereof to rest upon the lower axles as and when
required substantially as described.
Fourth. In crushing grinding or pulverising machinery, brackets or straps
whereby the axles of the upper rollers are raised and supported for the purpose of
removing or reducing the pressure upon the lower axles as and when required
substantially as described.
Fifth. In crushing grinding or pulverising machinery, the combination of a
vertical shaft with a pair of upper rollers F F, a pair of straps such as P, an upper
pan E, a collar or clamp N, a lower set of rollers D D D D and lower pan C
substantially as described in the foregoing Specification and illustrated in the
drawings.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.