TRUVIDIONAL DI Improvements in Music Recorders for Pianofortes or other similarly Keyed 'Musical Instruments.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Nov., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 19th Aug., 1895-Accepted, 16th Nov., 1895
TRUVIDIONAL DI
Improvements in Music Recorders for Pianofortes or other
similarly Keyed 'Musical Instruments.
I, JOHN LOUIS CANTELO, of 154, Selborne Street, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Book-keeper, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object the provision of a useful attachment for
pianofortes, or other musical instruments having keyboards of similar form, which
will enable a player to register the score of a musical composition on a running
band of paper whence it may be readily transcribed into the ordinary
notation.
In carrying out the invention; support is provided for the mechanism by a
frame board of wood, or other suitable material, which stands with the ends of its
lower edge resting upon the keyblocks of the piano; each end being held in
position with sufficient firmness by attached spring arins, which press the padded
side of an adjustable sole piece, pivotted on a rod passing through them, flatly
against the inrer side of the check.
This sole piece may be clamped at a suitable angle, between the two spring
arms, by a thumb lever mounted on the threaded end of its pivot rod.
Upon one side of the frame board binding screws adjustably secure, by one
end, strips of metal. From the free end of each strip projects a headed pin, or
and these pins, or screws, act as fulcrums for as many levers of suitable form
as there are keys of which the action is to be recorded.
screw,
One end of each lever is turned downward into contact with a corresponding
key of the musical instrument by a spring curved round its fulcrum and secured
in position by bending a portion of each end outwards to form short projections, of
which one enters a hole in the fulcrum strip and the other a perforation in the
corresponding lever. A spring may be similarly secured between two contact
levers, when they turn upon a single fulcrum, and their tensions are in opposite
directions.
By deflecting its fulcrum strip a lever may be adjusted to suit variations in the
width or position of the key with which it is intended to make contact.
In a suitable part of, or projection from, each contact lever is lightly rivetted
one end of a wrest pin, in such manner that the pin moves stiffly when turned by
a screw driver or key applied to its correspondingly formed free end.
Brackets attached to the upper part of the frame board, on one side, carry a
comb having leaf-like teeth, between which pass thin marking levers bearing
marking disks on pivots at their outer ends. These marking levers turn on a rod
which lies in a series of notches cut in the leaves of the comb. To the inner end
of each marking lever is attached a flexible wire, or cord, which is carried down
and secured to the wrest pin in a corresponding contact lever.
In most cases it is necessary to change the direction of the wire, or cord, at
some point in its course, and this is done by passing it partially round a small
grooved pulley.
Where convenient these pulleys are arranged so closely together that the edge
of one keeps the cord which passes round the next from slipping out of its proper
groove.
The marking disks rest normally on an inking roller pivotted in the brackets.

page_text: There are also pivotted between the brackets; a roller charged with a band of
paper upon which the record is to be made; a roller which makes contact with the
paper printing thereon continuous staff, and dotted leger lines, being inked by the
inking roller; an impression roller, partially round which the paper is carried;
and a roller, or rollers, between which and the impression roller the paper is
clipped.
On the outer side of one bracket is mounted a spring drum which gives
motion to a train of wheels mounted on the outside of the other bracket.
Wheels forming part of this train are mounted on
roller, which is thus rotated and in turn gives motion to the paper, as well as
a pivot of the impression
the ruling and clipping rollers which run in contact therewith.
The speed of the train is controlled by a fly constructed as follows;—
The last wheel of the train rotates a spindle which is grooved longitudinally and
bears a short belical thread. A hollow roller having a stud which enters the
longitudinal groove is mounted upon, and contains a helical spring which surrounds,
the spindle.
To opposite sides of the roller are attached the inner ends of two ribbons made
from metal foil, or other suitable material. The free ends of these ribbons pass
out through two slits cut in a cylindrical case, within which the roller is enclosed.
Centrally through the solidly closed end of this case is cut a thread, which is the
counterpart of that on the spindle. The other end of the case is closed by a disk,
which is perforated for the passage of the spindle, and has crown ratchet teeth cut
upon its outer face. A pair of parallel ribbon supporting wires are attached to
cach side of the case, and project outwards near the side of a corresponding one
of the slits therein. Each pair of supporting wires passes through guide holes or
loops formed at the outer end of the corresponding ribbon, or in a suitable clasp
attached thereto. Upon the spindle is placed an annularly grooved sliding sleeve
having teeth formed at one end, which are opposed to the similar ones on the disk.
This sleeve cannot be turned upon the spindle, and its lateral position thereon is
governed by a lever of which the forked end engages the annular groove. The
helical spring upou the spindle is attached at one end to the hollow roller, within
which it lies, and at its other end to the ratchet disk; its tendency being to turn
the case, upon the spindle, in the direction toward which the fly travels when
set in motion. This rotary movement winds the ribbon upon the roller enclosed
within the case, which, with the attached ratchet disk, is withdrawn along the
spindle owing to the thread cut thereon.
When the train is set in motion the resistance of the spring is overcome by the
pressure of the air against such part of each ribbon end as normally protrudes
from the case, which consequently rotates upon the spindle, causing the ribbons to
be still further unwound from the roller within. This movement continues until
the ratchet disk, which is advancing spirally along the spindle, meets and interlocks
its teeth with the similar ones on the sliding sleeve. The protruded ribbons form
vanes, and cannot be further unwound without altering the position of the forked
lever; which lever therefore governs the spread of the fly, and consequently the
speed of the train. Upon stoppage of the train the vane ribbons are rewound
within the slitted case by the helical spring.
This construction may be varied by allowing the ribbon case to rotate simply
upon the spindle, connecting it with the crown ratchet in such manner that the
latter alone advances spirally. When thus arranged, the ribbons may be wound
directly on the spindle if the coiled spring, also thereon, is placed behind the
slitted case.
Or; the slitted case may be fixed upon the spindle while rotary movement is
allowed to the ribbon roll, which is connected with the crown ratchet in such
way that the latter advances spirally when the vane ribbons are unwound by the
pull of centrifugal force upon their protruded ends.
In projections from the train bearing bracket, or from the frame board, is
pivotted a rod which carries a lever at its upper end.

page_text: A reciprocating movement is given to this lever by a wire link which connects a
loose stud in one of its arms with a similar stud in an arm revolving with a pivot
of the train.
The other arm of the lever is linked similarly with a Y shaped carrier, which is
suspended from a pivot fixed in the frame board.
This carries vertically a rod having a toothed pinion, by which it may be
rotated, and bearing at its upper end a hinged or detachable arm, which oscillates
in the manner of a metronome arm when the wheel train is in motion.
The pinion upon the rod carrying the metronome arm is engaged by a toothed
segment which terminates one arm of a lever pivotted on, and moving bodily with,
the reciprocating lever.
The other arm of the toothed lever is slotted for the passage of a pin projecting
upward from an oscillating forked lever so mounted as to turn and slide freely upon
the pivot rod of the reciprocating lever.
By the movement of a slide, also carried on the pivot rod of the reciprocating
lever, the oscillating forked lever may be altered in its position relative to the
axis of a wheel, of which the edge rotates between the tips of the fork. Upon
the sides of this wheel projecting pins are fixed in circular rows and are so spaced
in each row that one is brought within the fork and opposite a tip of the oscillating
lever at regular uniform intervals, which correspond for each row with a different
fixed number of metronome arm beats.
On a small shaft turning in the brackets is secured a collar having two
diametrically opposite projections. In a suitable part of the toothed lever is
pivotted a Y shaped link, and of the ends which form its fork each one is connected
with a corresponding projection in such manner that movement of the lever sidewise
either pulls the shaft round by one or pushes it round by the other projection;
rotating it in the same direction to whichever side of its usual position the toothed
lever may swing. A pin projecting from the collar on the shaft is linked with a
time printing lever, which turns on the same pivot as the marking levers. The
weight of this lever being transmitted to the toothed lever, through the Y shaped
link, serves to return that lever to its usual position after a sidewise oscillation.
Instead of being linked directly with the collar which actuates the printing
lever the movement of the toothed arm may be transmitted to it through another
lever interposed between them.
The free end of the time lever extends below the impression roller, and carries
on each side a pivotted segment bearing type figures, of which those on one
represent the denominators and those on the other the numerators of the time
fractions usually marked at the beginning of the staff in music.
Each type segment is connected by a light link bar with one of two levers
turning on a pin fixed in one of the brackets.
Each slide bears an index finger, by
These scales are fastened to the frame
bearing the same numerals as those on
Springs hold these levers in contact with two corresponding wedge-like slides
lying in a groove cut in the frame board.
which its position is shown upon a scale.
board and each one is divided into sections
the related type segment.
That wedge-like slide which adjusts the numerator type segment also acts on the
slide carried by the pivot rod of the reciprocating lever, and places the forked
lever in such position that it may oscillate into the path traversed by a corresponding
row of pins on the wheel. The other slide, which adjusts the denominator type
segment, also acts on the lever controlling the spread of the fly in such manner
that the train may be set at any one of several rates of speed with the same
denominator number in printing position.
A ratchet wheel is so mounted on the journal of the impression roller that it is
capable of a certain amount of rotary movement relative thereto, which movement
is limited by a suitable stop, or stops. This ratchet wheel is given a tendency to
turn forward, to the limit of its travel in that direction, by a weak spring, and its
teeth are engaged by a detent connected with a universal bail pivotted between the

page_text: brackets, and lying across the marking levers. Owing to the detent engaging
the ratchet wheel, the train is at rest until a key is struck and is followed by a
contact lever under impulse from the spring bent round' its fulcrum. This
movement is transmitted along the flexible wire, or cord,, to the corresponding
marking lever, which, in carrying its attached marking disk against the paper
band upon the impression roller, raises the bail and removes the detent from the
ratchet teeth. When the depressed key rises, and the connected marking lever
returns to its usual position, the detent again enters the teeth, but as the wheel has
been in the meantime thrown forward on its pivot, by its spring, the motion of the
train is not interrupted until the ratchet is again brought into contact with its
back stop; which occupies a time equal to that of any rest likely to occur in
music. Such rest or pause is indicated upon the paper band by the appearance of
an interval between two uote marks.
The durations of the notes themselves are shown by the length of the lines ruled
upon the paper by the marking disks.
The positions of the note marks upon the staff approximate to those of the same
notes as usually written; note marks made by white keys appearing upon or
midway between staff lines, and those made by black keys immediately above or
below staff lines.
While music is being played, the metronome arm beats at a rate depending on
the speed at which the fly has been set by movement of the denominator slide, and
the figure in printing position upon the connected type segment will be that of the
scale division in which the indicator point rests.
The number of beats to the measure is fixed by the position of the numerator
slide that figure to which the indicator points on its scale being the one in
printing position on the corresponding segment.
When the metronome arm is finishing the last of the beats allotted to a measure ;
a pin on the before described wheel arrives in the path of a tip of the forked lever,
and arrests its oscillation; which oscillation results from the passage of its projecting
pin through the slotted arm of the toothed lever.
The slotted arm being thus arrested, while motion continues in the reciprocating
lever, the toothed arm is swung to one side, which movement gives the metronome
arm a half turn to show that a measure is complete, and also vibrates the time
lever to impress the set time fraction upon the margin of the paper.
This fraction
shows the contents of a measure, and also indicates the place of the bar.
A lever mounted on the type segment pivot has one arm slotted for the passage
of a pin fixed in the neighbouring bracket, and carries on its other arm a pin and
small roller round which passes an endless tape charged with ink. This tape is
normally in contact with and inks the type character in printing position; but it
is thrown to one side when the time lever rises.
The type segments may be dispensed with and a simple dot or dash, made by the
time lever, alone used to show the place of the dividing bar; or two levers may
be used to print a figure, or other mark, on each margin.
The metronome arm may have sides differing in colour, to show more distinctly
the turn which marks the end of a measure.
A pin may project from the rod which carries the metronome arm, and, by
tripping suitable hammers, cause the time beats to be struck audibly upon bells;
and of these beats the one closing a measure may be struck upon a bell of
distinctive tone.
Variations, other than those already described herein, may be made in carrying
out this invention without departing from its nature.
Dated this 16th day of November 1894.

page_text: Improvements in Music Recorders for Pianofortes or other
similarly Keyed Musical Instruments.
1. JOHN LOUIS CANTELO, of 154 Selborne Street, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Book-keeper, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to improve and render more generally useful and,
effective that class of recording attachments for pianofortes, or other musical
instruments having keyboards of similar form, which register the score of a
musical composition on a running band of paper as the keys are operated by
a player; note and time marks being made automatically upon the paper band
in such positious relative to staff lines ruled thereon that the record may be
transcribed readily afterwards into the ordinary musical notation.
In the accompanying drawings which set forth the details of my invention:-
Figure 1, is an elevation of the recording apparatus looking from the back of the
piano keys; the paper roll and motor train being removed, and other parts
broken away.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of the frame board of the apparatus, showing also
the manner in which it is attached to the piano, and the means employed to impress
note marks on the paper band.
Figure 3 is a plan view of one of two double arms used to attach the frame board
frictionally to a piano.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the means by which time indicating fractions are
impressed on the paper.
Figure 5 shows the ratchet and detent which stop and start the train.
Figure 6 is a plan view of the recording apparatus with the paper roll, motor
train and flying governor in place; some parts being partially broken away.
Figure 7 is a side elevation of the motor train.
Figures 8 and 9 show the construction of the governor ;
Figures 10 and 11 show somewhat modified arrangements of the same.
Figure 12 is a front view of the sliding indices showing more clearly their
connection with the time beating, regulating and impressing parts to which they
are related; the frame board being removed.
Figures 13 and 14 show a method of striking the time beats audibly.
Figures 15, 16 and 17, show somewhat modified means of transmitting movement
to a lever which prints a time fraction at the end of each measure.
Figure 18 shows a variation which may be sometimes desirable in the relative
positions of the paper roll and the rollers connected with the feeding, marking, and
ruling of the paper band.
In carrying out my invention, I provide as support for the mechanism, a frame
board A which may be of wood, papier maché, or other suitable material. When
in position this board stands with the ends of its lower edge resting on the key-
blocks of the piano, one of which is shown and marked B in Figure 2. The board
is placed near the backs of the keys and is held in its edgewise position with
sufficient firmness by arms G G (Figures 2 and 3) which with their connected parts
are practically in duplicate at each end of the board. The arms G G are rigidly
connected by a rod N upon which is coiled a spring L, having one of its ends
turned into a hole in an angle plate M, as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 3,
and its other end secured in any suitable convenient manner to the rod N or to one
of the arms G G. Through the free ends of the arms G G passes a bolt J which
has a thumb lever K screwed upon its threaded end. H is a sole piece having

page_text: perforated lugs projecting from its back by which it is pivoted on the bolt J
between the armis G G. The face of the sole piece bears a pad, as shown in
Figure 3, to prevent abrasion of, and increase its adhesion to, the piano cheek
against which it normally rests.
In placing the frame board with its attached mechanism upon the musical
instrument, the spring arms G G are turned toward the front and middle of the
board, on their pivots in the lugs projecting from the angle plates M as shown in
Figures 2 and 3, against the pull of their helical springs L, by passing the fingers
under and pulling upon the rods J at each end. The board is placed in position on
the keyboard with the contact levers hereinafter to be described resting upon
corresponding keys E and F.
On releasing the bolts J, each spring L carries a sole piece H flatly against the
corresponding piano cheek C. Both thumb levers K are then turned so as to
securely clamp each of said sole pieces between a pair of the compressible
arms G G. As long as the angle of each sole piece H relative to the corre-
sponding pair of arms G G remains unaltered the frame board will retain its correct
position on the keyboard.
It will be seen that this arrangement allows of the same recording instrument
being used upon pianos of which the keyboards differ in length within certain
limits. When the frame board is removed, the spring arms G G fold bebind it
with the sole pieces resting flatly against its back; provision of course being made
to prevent their coming in contact with any of the mechanism secured thereto.
Any suitable means, other than that just described, may be adopted however to
clamp the frame board in position on a musical instrument.
When
Upon the back of the frame board are secured hangers 00 by means of binding
Screws OO, Figures 1 and 2, and these hangers bear at their lower ends fulcrum
screws O2 O2 upon which turn flat contact levers P P. The levers P P are urged
downward toward the keys E E F F by springs 03 bent round the fulcrum
screws 02 02 and secured to the lever by turning up oue end of the spring to form
a short projection 04, which enters a corresponding perforation O, Figure 1.
The other end of the spring is secured to the hanger O in like manner.
two contact levers turn in opposite directions upon a single fulcrum serew, a spring
is secured in a similar way between them. This is the case at P1, in Figure 1,
where it will be observed also that hangers are dispensed with and the fulcrum
screws enter the frame board itself. By deflecting the hangers, the positions of the
contact levers may be adjusted to suit variations in length of keyboard which may
arise from a difference in the key width used by various makers. Those variations
which occur in the positions of the black keys with respect to the white ones are
also provided for by this arrangement. There are fulcrummed upon the back of
the frame board A as many of the contact levers P P as there are keys E E F F
of which the action is to be recorded; but it has not been thought necessary in the
drawings herewith to show more than one octave, as all the others are similar in
form and action. In a suitable part of, or projection from, each contact lever P is
secured a wrest pin 06 in such manner, by riveting or otherwise, that it turns stiffly
when a screw driver or suitably formed key is applied to its free end. Brackets QQ
are secured to the upper part of the frameboard A by screws which pass through
lugs QQ These brackets Q Q carry a comb R having leaf-like teeth, between
which pass thin marking levers R pivoted on a rod R2 lying in a series of notches R³
cut downward into the leaves of the comb. The comb may be formed in any
convenient manner, either by building it up from separate pieces or by cutting a
series of kerfs in a solid bar. It is fastened to the brackets QQ by screws; the
head of one being shown in dotted lines beneath the slide in Figure 7. Openings
are made in the brackets QQ so that the rod R2 may be wholly or partially with-
drawn end wise from the comb R' to allow any lever pivoted therein to be removed
without disturbing the rest. To the shorter arm of each marking lever R is
attached a cord or flexible wire R³ which is carried down and secured to the wrest
pin O in a corresponding lever P. The marking levers are made in two sets

page_text: having the holes for attachment of the cords R' at different distances from the
pivot R, and levers from one of these sets are arranged to alternate with ones fron
the other set in the comb R, as shown in Figure 6, in order that neighbouring
cords may clear each other near the points of attachment. As in nearly all cases it
is necessary to change the direction of the cord or wire at some point in its course
this is done by passing it partially round a grooved pulley R, as is shown in
Figures 1 and 2, the former figure also showing that the pulleys Re are arrange
closely together as far as possible in order that the edge of one may prevent the
wire or cord which passes round its neighbour from slipping out of its proper
groove. The pulleys are preferably mounted as shown in Figure 1 on pins fixed in
strips of metal R' which are afterwards screwed to the frame board A. The longer
arm of each marking lever R carries a pin on one side which forms a pivot for a
marking disc R', said marking discs rest normally upon an inking roller S³ pivote.
between the brackets Q Q. The brackets QQ also carry:
A roll of paper S4 to be used in making the record, which roll is supported on
hooks Q³, Figure 1, but shown more clearly in dotted lines Figure 2;
An impression roller S, partially round which the paper S is carried;
A roller S intended to keep the paper from contact with the rollers S² and S³
on its way to the impression roller.
The roller S3 is preferably formed as shown in Figure 1 of a perforated tube
covered with cloth or felt to which ink is supplied, from time to time, as required,
through a central opening in one pivot of the roller; such central opening being
closed by a screw marked T in Figures 1 and 6.
A ruling roller S2 is journaled in push links To which are themselves pivoted
at T to the upper end of arms T¹ turning on screws T. Springs T3 T are
formed by bending up narrow tongues from metal plates T pivoted on the
screws Tib, beneath the arms T¹².
Screws T18, Figures 1, 2 and 6, enter the edges of the brackets Q Q in a line with
cavities T formed therein, see dotted lines Figure 2, to receive lugs T which are
bent down from the plates T. By turning the screws T18 more or less inward
against the lugs T, the positions of plates T14 on their pivot screws T1 can be so
adjusted as to secure a suitable pressure of the springs 113 on the arms T. Such
pressure tends to force the roller S2 between the inking roller S³ and impression.
roller S so that when they rotate together continuous staff and dotted leger lines
are ruled upon the paper S, as shown in Figure 6.
An arrangement such as that just described, which permits independent regulation
of the spring pressure on each ruling roller journal helps to secure the equal tension
that is required on both edges of the paper S to prevent its moving sidewise in
passing through the apparatus.
In Figures 1, 2, 4 and 6, S are marginal guides each held in place by a screw S¹²,
which guides assist in starting the paper band correctly on its way round the
impression roller. From the outer edges of the guides S are turned back lugs S8
in which is pivoted a rod S7 bearing roilers Se intended to clip the paper in contact
with the impression roller S, thus securing its continuous movement therewith.
The object of pivoting the clipping rollers Se in this manner is that their pressure
on the impression roller may be adjustable and elastic. On the outer side of one
of the brackets Q is mounted a spring drum T which may be wound by the squared
end T2 projecting through, and supported by, a bracket T' (Figures 1 and 6).
T¹ is the usual ratchet and T3 the detent pertaining thereto, which is kept in place
by a spring, or by a counterpoise as shown. The motion of the spring drum is
transmitted by a pinion T and rod To to a train of wheels mounted on the outside
of the other bracket as shown in Figures 6 and 7. Of this train the wheel W gives
motion to the pinion W₁ mounted on the impression roller journal, which thus
obtains rotary movement and transmits the same to the roller S³ by meaus of
toothed wheels Te at the other end. The middle one of these wheels T turns on a
fixed screw T8; its use being to secure rotation of the rollers S and S³ in a like
direction. The outer pivots of the train wheels W' and W8 are carried by a narrow

page_text: plate W which is held at one end upon a hollow post W10 by a shoulder formed on
a post, and at the other end on a hollow post W" by a screw, both screw and
post entering the bracket Q. The speed of the train is controlled by a flying
governor constructed as follows:-
The wheel W which is the last of the train gears with a pinion U and thus
rotates a spindle U. In this spindle is formed a longitudinal groove U2 and upon
it a helical thread U' as shown in Figures 6 and 8. U is a hollow roller having a
stud Us which enters the groove U2 so that the roller U can only have a sliding
movement relative to the spindle U. Within the roller U and surrounding the
spindle U is coiled a helical spring U. To opposite sides of the roller U are
attached the inner ends of ribbons U7, which ribbons may be made preferably of
metal foil, but a somewhat stiff, thin, woven fabric or tough paper will in most cases
serve almost equally well save in respect of durability. The roller U₁ is enclosed
within a cylindrical case U and the free ends of the ribbons U7 pass out through
corresponding slits U" formed in opposite sides thereof. Through the solid end U¹º
of the case U is cut a thread which is a counterpart of that on the spindle at U³.
The other end of the case is closed by a disc U2 which is perforated for the passage
of the spindle U₁ and has crown ratchet teeth formed on its outer face as shown.
A pair of parallel ribbon supporting wires U3 is attached to each side of the case
and project outwards therefrom near the sides of the slits U" therein. Each pair
of supporting wires U13 passes through guide hooks formed on a clasp attached
to the ribbon, as at US, or through loops formed in the ribbon end itself as shown
at U in Figures 10 and 11. Upon the spindle UI is placed a sliding sleeve a
having teeth formed upon the end a² opposed to the ratchet disc U". This sleeve a
is kept from turning on the spindle Uby a stud a³ which enters the groove U2, but
its lateral position thereon may be altered by movement of a lever b of which the
forked end engages the annular groove a¹ as shown in Figures 6 and 8. The
helical spring U is attached at one end to the hollow roller Ù within which it lies
and at its other end to the ratchet disc U2, its tendency being to turn the case U
with the attached parts in the direction toward which the fly normally turns when
set in motion, shown in Figure 9 by the curved arrow. This rotary movement
winds the ribbons one on the other round the hollow roller Ut, while the case travels
laterally along the spindle away from the sleeve a owing to the helical thread U³.
The ribbon roller U also moves with the case, being pushed along the spindle by
the back of the ratchet disc U12. It will be seen that the mouth of the central
hollow in the roller U4 is closed by, and turns upon, a shoulder formed at the back
of the crown ratchet disc U. Normally a portion of each ribbon end protrudes
through the slits U" in the case Uº, and when the train is set in motion the
resistance of the air against these ends U' is sufficient to overcome the tension of the
spring U, and the case U consequently rotates upon the spindle carrying
the ratchet disc U spirally forward until its teeth meet and interlock with the
similar ones opposed to it on the sleeve a. The rotary movement of the case U'
relative to the spindle U¹ is now arrested and the ribbons which have been more and
more unwound as a consequence thereof cannot be further protruded without
altering the position of the sleeve a by moving the lever b. The protruding
ribbon ends form the vanes of the fly and as their spread is clearly governed by the
position of the lever b that lever is used as will presently be shown to regulate the
speed of the motor train. Upon stoppage of the motor train the spring rewinds
the ribbon within the case U°. As the fly vanes make their minimum spread at the
beginning of motion the motor train is enabled the more quickly to overcome
the inertia of the moving parts and rise to the maximum speed allowed by the
regulating lever b. More than two ribbons may be used in constructing the fly if
desired. In Figure 10 is shown a variation from the construction just described.
Here the ribbon case U turns upon but has no lateral movement relative to the
spindle U, it being limited in this respect by the collar U18 and the ribbon roller U
which are both fixed upon the spindle. The spring Us is fastened at one end, either
to the roller within which it lies, or to the spindle itself, and its other end is

page_text: connected with the case, to which it gives the same tendency to wind up the ribbon
as in the other construction just described. The ratchet disc now becomes a sleeve
having a thread cut within it to fit the one on the spindle and also bearing pins or
studs U which project through slits in the case U, the latter being made some-
what longer than that before described. As thus arranged the case simply rotates
under spring tension or air pressure, while the crown ratchet sleeve U alone has
spiral movement along the spindle U¹, relative to the annularly grooved sleeve a.
This construction may be somewhat simplified when the spindle U is of sufficient
length by placing the spring U upon the spindle behind the case U³ near the fixed
collar Us In this arrangement the ribbon roller may be dispensed with and the
vane ribbons wound directly upon the spindle, a collar, such as U19 in Figure 11,
In Figure 11
being placed within the case to prevent lateral forward traverse.
is shown still another modification of the fly construction which may be adopted
without departing from the nature of my invention. Here the case U° is fixed
upon the spindle U₁ while the ribbon roller has a simple rotary movement.
relative thereto, its lateral traverse thereon being prevented by the fixed collar U¹º
within its cavity.
The crown ratchet is connected with the roller U in the manner already
described with reference to the case U in Figure 10, while the spring U
fastened at one end to the collar U and at the other to the roller U, always tends
to wind the ribbon within the case; but instead of air resistance it is in this
construction the pull of centrifugal force upon the normally protruded ends that
In order to prevent
unwinds the vane ribbons when the train is set in motion.
jambing when the ratchets interlock, the teeth upon the disc U2 and sleeve a, or
upon one of them, should be so formed that their backs are parallel with the spiral
threads of the screw U³. Instead of a complete set of ratchet teeth being formed
both upon the disc U12 and sleeve a, a single tooth upon one of them can be used as
shown at a in Figure 11. The constructions shown in Figures 10 and 11 require
no longitudinal groove in the spindle U¹ if that part of it marked U upon which
the sleeve a slides be squared. The fly is pivoted at one end in the bracket Q and
at its other and outer end in a plate e, Figures 6 and 7, said plate being partially
This plate e is
broken away in the latter figure to show the parts beyond.
supported by the posts f f1 and 2 which project from the train bearing
bracket Q.
In the post is pivoted the upper end of a rod m of which the lower end is
carried by a hollow formed in the tip of a screw, one of two marked vv in
Figure 12. Near the upper end of this rod m is rigidly fixed a lever n having a
loose stud P which passes down across a notch in one arm, and is connected by a
link W with another loose stud W in the arm W4 adjustably attached to the
pivot of the wheel W' and pinion W³ as shown in Figures 6 and 7. In consequence
of this connection, the lever n is reciprocated as the arm W rotates when the
train is in motion. Another arm of the lever n which is marked n¹ carries a
screw V10 and upon the projecting part of this screw V10 below the arm n' is
screwed loosely a collar V. In this collar is pivoted the forked end of a link V'
(Figure 12) of which the other end is bent upward and screwed through a loose
stud Ve in a Y shaped carrier V³ swinging upon a screw V8 fixed in the frame-
board A or in a deflectible hanger V12 on the frameboard as shown in Fig. 2. The
screwed collar V' turning on the screw V10 in arm n' is used as a convenient means
of securing that the link V' shall turn upon the same vertical axis as a lever X"
presently to be described. This lever should be approximately in line with the
axis of the stud V in the carrier V³. The body of the link V as well as that of
link We already referred to is preferably screwed into the fork which forms one of
its ends in order that any slight variation in its length that may seem desirable
can be easily made. In the Y-shaped carrier V³ is a vertical rod V2 upon which
is fixed a collar V and a pinion V5 (Figure 2), the object of the collar being to
keep the rod V2 in place. In the upper end of the rod V2 an arm V made of
light and thin material is hinged on a pin V₁ passing through them both. This
B

page_text: arm V beats back and forth after the manner of a metronome arm when the train
of wheels is in motion, owing to the reciprocating movement of the lever n being
transmitted through the link V' to the hanging carrier V³. The purpose of the
hinged connection of the arm V with the rod V2 is to permit of the arm being
turned down below the edge of the frame-board A when the recording apparatus is
not in use or is being moved about. The friction between the arm V and the sides
of the slot in which it turns is sufficient to keep it in line with the rod V2 when
turned up. The pinion V is engaged by a toothed segment X" (Figure 6)
terminating the longer arm of a lever X" which lever is pivoted on the screw V
in arm n¹ of the reciprocating lever n, and consequently moves bodily therewith.
In order to prevent, as far as possible, droop of the toothed arm X" a long bearing
on the screw X is provided by forming a tall perforated boss V on the lever XII
The shorter arm of the lever X is slotted at X1 for the passage of the rod m
and is notched at X¹³ for a rod g rising from an oscillating fork / h which is
integral with and projects from a slide k mounted freely upon the rod m bearing
the reciprocating lever n (Figures 7 and 12). Within the oscillating fork hh and
between pins jj projecting therefrom rotates the edge of a wheel W forming one
of the motor train. This wheel has several concentric rows of pins j projecting
from the sides. Upon the rod m is mounted a slide as is shown most clearly
Figure 12, which slide 1 supports the slide k carrying the oscillating fork hh being
itself supported by a projection resting on a slider. Movement of this slide ris
made to regulate the height of the oscillating fork h h so that the pins jj may be
brought opposite the path of any one of the rows of pins ₁₁₁₁ in the sides of
wheel W. The pins in the wheel W are so spaced in each row that one may
be brought opposite one of those in the fork hh at regular intervals, which
intervals correspond for each row with a different fixed number of beats of the
metronome arm V. This result is secured by giving the arm W a certain suitable
rate of speed relative to the wheel W. In the present case the arm W makes
eighteen revolutions for every one of the wheel W and as a consequence thereof
the arm V makes 36 beats in the same time. This number 36 is a common
multiple of the intervals of 2, 3, 4, 6 and 9 beats respectively provided for in the
machine shown in the accompanying drawings. This invention however is not
limited to these five intervals but the number may be either diminished or increased
by a suitable alteration of the size and relative speed of the train wheels, the rows
of pins and adjustable positions of the fork hh being made to correspond
therewith. The pins in those rows on wheel W which correspond with
intervals having an odd number of beats should be arranged alternately on opposite
sides. A shaft X8 turning in the brackets QQ carries a segment X from which
project radially the pins X (Figure 4). At X10 in the longer arm of the lever X"
is pivoted a Y-shaped link X' and of the ends which form its fork one has a closed
slot for the passage very loosely of the upper pin X' and the other a similar slot
left open at its outer end for the lower pin X. The upper slot is shown clearly in
Figure 6. The parts are usually in the position shown in the Figures 1, 4, 6
and 12 and as a consequence thereof if the toothed arm of lever X" be moved
inwards from the frame-board the segment X and shaft X8 are pushed round
by the lower pin X' which rests at the inner end of the open slot and if the
toothed arm be moved outwards toward the frame-board A the segment and shaft
are pulled round by the upper pin X' resting at the outer end of the closed
slot shown in Figure 6. The shaft X is always rotated in the same direction
whichever side the toothed arm may swing to from its normal central position.
A link X connects a pin X28 in the side of the segment X with a time lever X
as is shown in Figures 1, 4 and 12. This lever X is pivoted on the rod R2
and its weight being transmitted to the lever X" through the Y-shaped link X'
serves to return that lever to its central position after a sidewise oscillation.
This sidewise movement will be presently referred to again and its cause shown.
Instead of linking the lever X" directly with the segment X as already
explained, the construction shown in Figures 15 and 16 may be adopted without

page_text: departing from the nature of my invention. In these figures the lever X" is
connected with a loose stud in another lever X by a wire link X. The wire is
passed through stud X" and is then bent as shown in Figure 15, so that its ends
may be sprung into holes made in opposite sides of the stud X 10. Any other
suitable form of link may be used however to make this connection. The lever X'
has a sleeve or boss at its lower end through which passes a screw X2³ serving to
pivot it on the train bearing bracket Q. The tappets X" bent up from the edges
of the lever replace the slots formed in the link X already described but have
precisely the same function and effect in rotating the segment and shaft by the
pins X which in this case project sidewise instead of radially therefrom. The
pin ✗28 is to carry the link ✗* as in Figures 4 and 12. The lever X' is slotted
at X2 for the passage of the shaft X. By looking at Figure 4 it will be
observed that the weight of lever X acting through the link X' and pins X7
has a tendency to throw the single end of link X' upward, thus deflecting the
toothed arm of lever X" in the same direction. This deflection is only material
in so far as it slightly increases the friction at the points of connection between
levers X and n. By adopting the construction shown in Figures 15 and 16 this
deflection is avoided but a little is lost in simplicity; however, when it is desired
to place the shaft X8 so far above or below the level of lever X" that such a
link as X cannot be easily used, the intermediate lever X may replace the link X
with advantage. The link X24 or link X' as the case may be is of such length
relative to the radius of arm n¹ that no material sidewise deflection of the toothed
segment ✗" occurs as a consequence of the endlong reciprocation of the lever X"
as the ordinary time beats are being made.
Figure 17 shows a modification by which the link X' is practically split
horizontally into two independent parts to form an upper pulling link and a lower
pushing link. The screw X is fixed in the lower link after passing through the
upper one and the boss X" on the lever X".
a screw ✗18
The free end of the time lever X extends below the impression roller S as shown
most clearly in Figure 4 and carries on each side type segments X3 bearing type
figures of which some are shown in Figure 6. The type segments are pivoted on
a rivet X² and are connected as shown in Figure 4 by light link bars X with
corresponding levers X1 and X16, which levers are pivoted on
projecting from the neighbouring train bearing bracket Q. Springs X" hold the
upper ends of the levers in contact with the edges of two related slides marked r
and s lying in a groove A¹ formed in the middle part of the frame board A. At q³,
Figure 6 in dotted lines are shown the stepped edges of these slides which actuate the
levers X1 and X 18 to set the time fractions. From the slider a tongue ¹ is turned
upward and from the slides a similar tongue s' is turned downward as shown in
Figures 4 and 12. These tongues and s¹ form indices which show upon the
corresponding scales t and u the lateral position of the slides. Notches A' A³
(Figure 4) are cut through the frame-board A behind the scales t and u to allow
of the slides and a being inserted in the groove A' after the index tongues r¹ and
have been formed on them. The slides are first inserted in the groove and the
scales afterwards slipped behind the indices and fastened by the screws as shown
in Figure 12. The numerals upon each scale agree with the type figures upon a
related one of the type segments X3 and these figures represent in one case the
denominators and in the other the numerators of the time fractious commonly seen at
the beginning of the staff in music. The slider which acting upon the lever X"5
adjusts the numerator type segment, carries the stepped edge q. Upon this edge
is supported the tongue forming part of the fork adjusting slide 1, which slide!
is kept from turning on the rod m by the entry of its tongue l' into the vertical
groove A³ provided for that purpose in the frame-board A (Figure 7). The
steps on the edge q are so regulated that when the tongue rests on one of
them, the pins j in the fork h are brought opposite a corresponding row of
pins on the wheel W. The slides, which, acting on the lever X adjusts
the denominator type segment, also carries an edge q¹ (Figures 6 and 7) having as

page_text: many inclines thereon as there are numbers on the corresponding scale u. Against
the edge rests the end 2 of the lever b under impulse from a spring c attached
at one end to a hook fixed in the plate e, Figures 6 and 12. The lever bis
carried by a rod d turning in the post and screw v, being mounted similarly to
the rod m.
The springe may be replaced by a helical spring coiled on the rod d
if it be desired to make room for a greater spread of the governing fly than that
shown herein. Each of the inclines on the edge q' is made of such an angle that
as the end 62 rides along it, the fork of the lever b moves the stop sleeve a through
a certain range which may be the whole or only a part of its whole range of lateral
movement on the spindle U₁. The inclines on 71 are opposed to each other in
order to avoid having a considerable jump in passing from one to another. A
ratchet wheel Y is mounted loosely upon the journal S of the impression roller S,
but its rotary movement relative thereto is limited by a pin Y¹ which is fixed in
the wheel W2 and projects through the curved slot shown in Figure 5, the pin Y¹
forming both a back and front stop. Upon the boss of the ratchet wheel is
mounted a weak spring Y2 of which the free tongue presses against the pin Y¹
and thus gives the ratchet Y a tendency to turn forward in the same direction as
that in which the impression roller usually rotates. Y³ is a detent so mounted on
a screw Y₁ (shown in section in Figure 5) as to engage the ratchet teeth and
connected by a notch in the end of a rigidly attached arm Y with a rod Y as
shown in Figures 6 and 5.
.
The rod Y lies across the upper edges of the marking levers R and forms with
the ends Y' Y'a universal bail turning on the rod R².
Owing to the detent Y³ engaging the ratchet wheel Y the motor train and
connected parts are at rest until a key E or F is struck and is followed downward
by a contact lever P under the influence of spring 03 bent round its fulcrum
screw 02. This movement is transmitted along the cord or wire R³ to the corre-
sponding marking lever R which, in carrying its attached marking disc R' from
the inking roller S³ against the paper S on the impression roller S, raises the bail
rod Y and detent arm Y³, thus removing the detent Y³ from the teeth of ratchet
wheel Y. When the depressed key E or Frises and the connected marking lever R
returns to its normal position the detent Y3 again enters the teeth of wheel Y but
as that wheel has been in the meantime thrown forward on the journal S" by the
spring Y the motion of the train is not at once arrested, but continues until the
pin Yarrives again at the forward end of the curved slot in the already stopped
ratchet wheel Y. This interval, between the return of a key E or F and the total
stoppage of the motor train and connected parts, bridges any ordinary complete
pause likely to occur in music and prevents waste of paper. Such pauses or the
more common rests are indicated on the paper band by the appearance of a
pronounced interval between the end of one and the beginning of the following
note mark. Referring to the torn record in Figure 6, the positions of the note
marks upon the staff approximate to those of the same notes as usually written,
note marks made by white keys appearing upon or midway between staff lines and
those resulting from movement of black keys immediately above or below staff
lines; that is to say slightly above or below the note marks made by white keys
of which they are the sharps or flats as the case may be. This result is secured on
a staff having lines uniformily far apart by arranging the marking levers connected
with white keys at equal distances apart in the comb R', even though the corre-
sponding notes differ in pitch by a half tone only; as in the case of E and F,
B and C. This arrangement is apparent in Figures 1 and 6. The duration of a
note is indicated by the comparative length of the related line marked upon the
paper band, and in order to facilitate comparison of one mark with another in
respect of length, when copying the record, vertical lines are printed or ruled
across the paper at equal intervals, as shown in Figure 6, before the band is made
into a roll. While music is being played, the metronome arm V beats at a rate
dependent upon the speed at which the fly U has been set by movement of the
denominator slides and the figure in printing position on the connected type

page_text: g
segment X will be that of the division on scale in which the indicator points
rests. The number of beats to the measure is fixed by the position of the numerator
slider which acts upon the slide and oscillating fork and also through the
lever X1, and link bar X sets the related type segment, so that the figure in
printing position thereon agrees with the number of the division on scale t in which
the index point r1 rests. When the metronome arm V is finishing the last of the
beats allotted to a measure, a pin j¹ on the wheel W arrives in the path of one of
the pins ; carried by the oscillating fork and arrests its movement; which
movement results from the passage of the pin 9 upward through the slotted arm X13
of the toothed lever X". The slotted arm X 18 being thus also arrested, while
motion still continues in the reciprocating lever n, the toothed arm of lever X" is
necessarily swung to one side, which movement causes the toothed segment X1
acting upon the pinion V to give the metronome arm V a half turn to indicate
that a measure is complete. When a pin ; is stopped by a pin j¹ their ends
should preferably remain in contact during a full half turn and return of the
arm V. This result can be secured by making the sizes of the pins j¹¹ proportional
to their relative distances from the axis of wheel W. The said sidewise movement
of the lever X" at the same time through the Y-shaped link ✗³ pulls or pushes
the shaft X8 round, thus causing the link X' and time lever X to raise the type
segments so that the set time fraction is printed on the paper margin as shown in
Figure 6, the mark dividing the two figures being made by the point X¹ forming
part of the time lever a. This time fraction on the paper margin thus shows the
contents of a measure and also indicates the place of the dividing bar.
The type figures are inked in the following manner :-
A lever of the form shown at X in Figure 4, turns upon the pivot X2 of
the type segments and has a notch S13 through which passes in this case the
pivot of the inking roller S3; but a pin fixed in the neighbouring bracket Q
may be employed instead. On one side of the lever X 19 at its upper end are
mounted a pin X" and a small inking roller X 22, around which pin and roller
passes an endless tape X20. This tape conveys ink from the roller X" to the type
in printing position normally making contact therewith near the pin X21; but when
the time lever rises at the end of a measure, the arm X turning upon the
pivots X and X13 is thrown backward out of the path of the rising type segments X³.
Friction between the face of the type and the endless tape tends to give the latter
a slow movement round the pin and roller so that a fresh inking surface is being
constantly presented to the type. In order to secure a clear impression of the
time fraction on the margin of the paper band; the type surface is allowed to
move with the paper during the short time they are in contact. The link X' is
connected with the related segment X3 by a pin in the latter which passes through
an elliptical slot in the former, thus making a somewhat loose connection between
them as is shown in Figure 4. When the inking arm X is thrown outwards,
owing to upward movement of the time arm X, the friction of the inking tape X
tilts each type segment until the fixed pin therein rests at the outer end of the
elliptical slot through which it passes. Upon bringing the type against the paper
band S the segment X³ is carried backward in contact therewith, the fixed con-
necting piu moving toward the inner end of the elliptical slot in the link bar X.
The type segments X³ may be dispensed with and a mark made by the point X' of
the lever X used to show the place of the bar alone; or a pair of levers may be
used to make a mark on each margin and, in this case, the denominator segment
may be attached to one, and the numerator segment to the other, so that a figure
may be printed on each margin of the band S. The sections of scale u may be
divided if desired so that the motor train may be at once set approximately at a
predetermined rate of speed so that the arm V may make a particular number of
beats to each minute.
I preferably make the metronome arm V with sides differing in colour, as in
Figures 1 and 12 so as to show more distinctly the turn which marks the end of

page_text: a measure. In Figures 13 and 14 are shown the means employed to secure audible
time beats in conjunction with the beating arm V or otherwise. In Figure 13 is
sbown two bells Z Z mounted at the ends of the hanging strips Z' Z' so that their
positions may be adjustable relative to the corresponding hammers Z3 Z³ on the
hanging arms Z Z2 united with the arms Z Z by the bosses or sleeves 7%
through which pivot screws pass into the frame-board A. Through each arm Z®
passes a pin or rivet on which turn the trips Z' bent up from sheet metal as shown
in Figures 13 and 14. The pin V' in Figure 13 projects on one side only and as
the rod V' moves back and forth comes in contact with one of the trips tilting it
up on its pivot Z³ in the arm Z until the edge of the bend Z strikes the edge of
that arm.
As the rod V2 continues its movement the trip point Z10 rides across the
pin V1 carrying the arm Z up, thus raising the bell hammer Z³. Near the end of
sidewise movement in rod V2 the trip slips over the pin V' allowing the hammer to
fall and sound the bell. When the lever X" is deflected at the end of a measure
and the rod V' is rotated by the toothed segment X" acting on the pinion V³; the
pin Vis carried round and acts in the manner just described upon the trip
connected with the other hammer, causing that closing beat to be struck upon the
fellow bell which I make of a distinctive tone. In Figure 14 the pin V₁ is shown
projecting on both sides of the rod V2 and the beats are all made on a single bell.
That end of the pin V₁ which turns to cause the closing beat should be slightly
further projected than the other so as to be sure and catch the trip from its central
position. The side to which the pin V₁ normally projects in the two bell
construction of Figure 13, and the side on which the bell trip is placed in the
one bell plan of Figure 14 should be such that when the last beat of a measure
is being produced, at the time of its contact with the hammer trip the movement
due to the rotation and that due to the tilting of rod V2 may both be
carrying the effective part of pin V₁ in the same direction. In Figure 18 is
shown a somewhat different arrangement in relative position of the paper roll,
ruling roller and impression roller, by which the roller S¹ and the clipping
rollers S may be dispensed with. It will be observed that the ruling roller is
inked by a separate inking roller S5 and that the disc inking roller S³ is
rotated by a toothed wheel gearing with the pinion T on shaft T, as shown
in dotted lines. The paper after passing partially round the impression roller S
is allowed to rest on the paper roll, being thus conveniently carried away.
Paper guides such as S take the place of the ones shown at S' in Figures 1, 2, 4
and 6.
The height of the piano front D will to a great extent decide whether the
arrangement of Figure 2 or that of Figure 18 is the better one in any particular
'case. If necessary the recording mechanism may be put at one end of the frame-
board instead of in the middle and the height may be reduced if so desired by
placing two or more of the pulleys R on the same pivot pin. The train bearing
bracket is cut away at Q2, Figures 7 and 12 for the passage of the slides, the
forked link, the lever X" and the rod Y.
It will be readily understood, that the shape of the contact levers may be varied
as desired and that said levers may be weighted instead of having springs to cause
them to follow downward the keys of the musical instrument, and that other springs
than those shown may be employed, also, that other details of construction of the
improved music recorder may be likewise varied by the substitution of mechanical
equivalents without departing from the nature of the invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In a music recorder, the combination with a vertical frame-board carrying the
recording mechanism, of two pairs of spring arms pivotally connected to the frame-
board, one pair at each end thereof, the free ends of each pair carrying a padded

page_text: sole-piece between them adapted to bear against the cheeks of the musical
instrument under the spring pressure of said arms, and to be clamped at a suitable
angle relatively to said arms, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2. In a music recorder, a clamping device comprising a pair of arms G rigidly
connected together at one end by a rod N turning in angle plates attached to the
frame-board, a spring L coiled on said rod and tending to throw said arms outward,
a padded sole-piece H carried between said arms by a bolt J passing through
the free ends of the latter and through perforated lugs on said sole-piece, and
a thumb-lever K screwed on the threaded end of said bolt, in combination, for the.
purpose set forth.
3. In a music recorder, a series of pivoted contact levers of suitable form.
arranged above the keys of the musical instrument in direct contact therewith and
movable in a plane at right angles to said keys for the purpose set forth.
4. In a music recorder, a series of pivoted flat elbow levers in direct contact with
the keys of the musical instrument and movable edgewise in a vertical plane at right
angles to said keys for the purpose set forth.
5. In a music recorder, a series of pivoted contact levers movable in a plane at
right angles to the keys of the musical instrument, and adapted to follow the said.
keys downward under spring impulsion or the like when the keys are depressed by.
the performer for the purpose set forth.
6. In a music recorder, a series of hangers secured to the frame by means of
binding screws or the like and capable of being deflected to and fixed at the desired
angle, in combination with a series of contact levers turning on fulcrum screws or
the like attached to the lower ends of said hangers, said contact levers bearing
against the keys of the musical instrument under spring pressure or the like,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
7. In a music recorder, a series of pivoted levers, each having an arm in contact
with the keys of the musical instrument and adapted to follow the said keys
downward under spring impulsion or the like, when the keys are depressed by the
performer, a series of wrest-pins attached to said levers, and a series of cords or
flexible wires each having one end secured to said wrest-pins and their other ends
secured to a series of marking levers, in combination for the purpose set forth.
8. In a music recorder, a series of deflectible hangers secured to the frame, a
series of contact levers turning on fulcrum screws or the like attached to said
hangers and bearing against and adapted to follow the movements of the keys
of the musical instrument, a series of wrest-pins carried by said contact levers,
cords or flexible wires secured to said wrest-pins and to a series of marking levers,
and means for guiding said cords or wires, in combination, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth.
9. In a music recorder, the combination with a series of cords or flexible wires
connecting the contact levers with the marking levers, of a series of grooved pulleys
guiding the said cords or wires, and arranged closely together with the object of
preventing the cords or wires from slipping out of their proper grooves, substantially
as set forth.
10. In a music recorder, a series of pivoted marking levers made in two sets, and
having means for actuating them attached at a distance from their centre of
oscillation different in one set to that in the other set, said levers being arranged
side by side alternately from each set, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
11. In a music recorder, comb R*, rod R2 lying in notches R³ therein, marking
levers R pivoted on said rod and arranged between the teeth of said comb, marking
discs R¹ rotating on pins carried by the longer arms of said marking levers, means
for actuating said marking levers and means for inking said marking discs, in
combination, substantially as set forth.
12. In a music recorder, a fly having its vanes formed of two or more ribbons
wound upon each other substantially as aud for the purpose set forth.
13. In a music recorder, a fly having its vane or vanes formed of a ribbon.or

page_text: ribbons wound upon itself or upon each other and adapted to be spread or
extended by the action of air resistance, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
14. In a music recorder a fly having its vane or vanes formed of a ribbon or
ribbons wound upon itself or upon each other and adapted to be spread or
extended by the pull of centrifugal force, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
15. In a music recorder, a fly having its vane or vanes formed of a ribbon or
ribbous wound upon itself or upon each other within a casing and having its end
or ends protruding through a slit or slits in said casing and supported by projecting
wires, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
16. In a music recorder, a fly having its vane or vanes formed of a ribbon or
ribbons wound within a casing by means of spring impulsion, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
17. In a music recorder, a fly having its vane or vanes arranged at a minimum
spread when motion begins, but adapted to increase such spread to the desired
limit as the desired speed is attained, whereby the motor train is enabled to readily
overcome the inertia of the moving parts and to more quickly rise to the desired
speed, substantially as set forth.
18. In a music recorder, a fly comprising a spindle formed with a longitudinal
groove, a hollow roller mounted on said spindle and having a stud engaging in
said groove, said roller being free to move only longitudinally on said spindle, a
cylindrical case mounted and turning on said spindle and enclosing said roller, and
formed with longitudinal slits, one end of said case being provided with crown
ratchet teeth, and having a thread cut within its other end adapted to engage with
a helical thread formed on the corresponding end of the spindle, a helical spring
within the roller and surrounding the spindle and tending to turn the case
relatively to the roller in the same direction as that in which the fly normally
rotates, ribbons attached to said roller and wound thereon and upon each other within
the case under the impulse of said spring and having their ends protruding through
the slits in said case, wires projecting from the case and supporting the ribbon
ends, the latter being free to slide thereon, and a stop sleeve adjustable on the
spindle and held against rotation thereon by a stud engaging in the groove in the
latter, said sleeve having teeth opposed to and adapted to engage the teeth of
the crown ratchet end of the case when the fly attains the desired speed, in
combination substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
19. In a music recorder, a fly comprising a spindle, a hollow roller fixed on said
spindle and rotating with it, a cylindrical case enclosing said roller and free to
rotate on the spindle but held against longitudinal movement, said case having one
end formed as a loose sleeve with a thread cut within it adapted to engage with a
helical thread formed on the corresponding end of the spindle, said sleeve having
crown ratchet teeth on its outer face and bearing pins engaging in the slits of the
case, a helical spring surrounding the spindle and tending to turn the case
relatively to the roller and spindle in the same direction as that in which the fly
normally rotates, ribbons attached to said roller and wound thereon and upon each
other within the case under the impulse of said spring and having their ends
protruding through slits in. said case, wires projecting from the said case and
supporting the ribbon ends, the latter being free to slide thereon, and a stop
sleeve adjustable on the spindle without rotating thereon, and having teeth opposed
to and adapted to engage the teeth of the loose sleeve end of the case when the fly
attains the desired speed, in combination, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
20. In a music recorder, a fly comprising a spindle, a cylindrical case fixed to enid
spindle, a hollow roller turning upon the spindle within said case, but held against
longitudinal movement, and having one end formed as a loose sleeve with a thread
cut within it adapted to engage with a helical thread formed on the corresponding
end of the spindle, said sleeve having crown ratchet teeth on its outer face and

page_text: bearing pins engaging in longitudinal slits formed in the roller, ribbons attached
to said roller and wound thereon and upon each other within the case under the
impulse of a spring and having their ends protruding through slits in said case,
wires projecting from the said case and supporting the ribbon ends, the latter being
free to slide thereon, and a toothed stop sleeve adjustable on the spindle without
rotating thereon and adapted to engage the crown toothed sleeve of the roller when
the fly attains the desired speed, in combination, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
21. In a music recorder, the combination with a fly having its vane or vanes
automatically extended or increased in spread when the fly rotates, of a stop sleeve.
adjustable on and rotating with the spindle of the fly and adapted to limit the
spread of the vanes, a pivoted lever engaging with and adapted to adjust said
stop sleeve longitudinally on the spindle, and means for operating said lever,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
22. In a music recorder, the combination with a fly having its vane or vanes
automatically extended or increased in spread when the fly rotates, of an
annularly grooved stop sleeve a, a pivoted lever b, and a slide s carrying a tongue
as an index in front of a scale, said lever having one arm forked to engage with
the groove of said sleeve, and its other arm bearing under spring impulsion against
a stepped edge q' formed on said slide, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
23. In a music recorder, the combination with a motor train operating the
recording mechanism of a metronome arm adapted to beat time under the impulse
of said motor train and forming an integral part of the whole mechanism,
substantially as set forth.
24. In a music recorder, a metronome arm adapted to beat time under the
impulse of a motor train, and to automatically rotate upon its own axis at
predetermined intervals for the purpose of emphasizing certain tine intervals,
substantially as set forth.
25. In a music recorder a metronome arm having its sides differently coloured
and adapted to beat time under the impulse of a motor train, and to rotate
upon its own axis at predetermined intervals substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
26. In a music recorder, the combination with a motor train, of a pivoted rod m
carrying a lever n rigidly fixed thereto and receiving an oscillating movement
from the motor train by means of a link pivotally attached to said lever and to a
crank arm on a spindle of said train, an arm n¹ on said lever carrying a screw, a
collar loosely screwed on said screw, a link V' having one end forked and pivotally
connected to said collar, and its other end pivotally connected to a carrier V³
swinging upon a screw or pin, and a vertical rod V₁ carried by the said carrier
and bearing a metronome arm, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
27. In a music recorder, the combination with a motor train, of a carrier
swinging upon a screw or pin, means for oscillating said carrier from the motor
train, a vertical rod carried by said carrier and oscillating therewith, and a
metronome arm of light and thin material hinged to said rod, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
28. In a music recorder, a motor train having a wheel W provided with several
concentric rows of pins projecting from its sides, a pivoted rod m carrying a
lever n rigidly fixed thereto, means for imparting an oscillating movement from
the motor train to said rod, and lever, a carrier V3 swinging upon a screw or pin
and oscillated synchronously with the lever n by mean of link connection between
said carrier and an arm n¹ of said lever n, a metronome arm supported on a
vertical rod V2 carried by the said carrier, said rod being free to turn on its own
axis therein, a pinion V³ fixed on said vertical rod, a lever X" pivotally connected
with the arm n of the lever n and having its free end formed as a toothed
segment X adapted to engage the pinion V³, a shorter arm on the lever X"
slotted to clear the rod m when in motion and having a notch X 13 at its outer end,
C

page_text: y
a slide k mounted freely upon the rod m, an oscillating fork integral with and
projecting from the said slide, said fork being adapted to receive within it the edge
of the wheel W and bearing pins jj adapted to engage the pins of the said
wheel W, a rod fixed to and rising from said oscillating fork and engaging in
the notch X3 formed in the shorter arm of the lever X", a slide mounted on the
rod m but held against rotation thereon and supporting the slide k, and a slide r
supported in the frame and having a stepped edge q on which bears a projection
formed on the slide 1, the said slide r carrying a tongue as an index in front of a
scale; in combination, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
29. In a music recorder, the combination with a motor train, means for governing
and adjusting the speed of said train, a metronome arm oscillated by the motor
train, a lever X" having a toothed segment engaging with a pinion on the
metronome rod, means for oscillating said lever at predetermined intervals so as to
turn the metronome arm on its own axis, and means for adjusting the length of
said intervals; of a shaft X8 turning in suitable supports and carrying a
segment X having pins X7 projecting radially therefrom, a Y-shaped link X
pivoted to the lever X" and having the ends which form its fork provided the one
with a closed and the other with an open slot adapted to receive the said pins X', a
pivoted time lever X, a link X5 pivotally connected at one end to the segment X
and having its other end engaging a pin on the time lever, a pair of type
segments ✗³ pivotally connected to said time lever, means for inking said type
segments, slides and s, supported in the frame, levers X1 and X pivoted on a
suitable support and having their free ends bearing under spring impulsion against
stepped edges 2 formed on the slides and s, and light link bars X* pivoted at one
end to the levers X1 and X1 and having their other ends formed with elliptical
slots in which engage pins fixed to the type segments, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
30. In a music recorder, the combination with a motor train, means for governing
and adjusting the speed of said train, a metronome arm oscillated by the motor
train, a lever X" having a toothed segment engaging with a pinion on the
metronome rod, means for oscillating said lever at predetermined intervals so as to
turn the metronone arm on its own axis, and means for adjusting the length of said
intervals; of a shaft X8 turning in suitable supports and carrying a segment X
having pins X' projecting laterally therefrom, a lever X pivotally connected to a
suitable support and having lateral tappets X2 at its free end engaging the
pins X, said lever being slotted for the free passage of the shaft Xs, a link X24
connecting the lever X with the lever X", a pivotted time lever X, a link X'
pivotally connected at one end to the segment X and having its other end
formed with an elliptical slot in which engages a pin on the time lever, a pair of
type segments X3 pivotally connected to said time lever, means for inking said type
segments, slides rands supported in the frame, levers X and X1 pivoted on a
suitable support, and having their free ends bearing under spring impulsion against
stepped edges q² formed on the slides and s, and light link bars X pivoted at one
end to the levers X1 and X and having their other ends formed with elliptical
slots in which engage pins fixed to the type segments, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
31. In a music recorder, the combination with a motor train, mechanism for
governing the speed of said train, a metronome arm oscillated by the motor
train, mechanism for emphasizing certain time beats of the metronome arm, and
mechanism for printing the time fractions; of two slides and s supported in the
frame-board and having stepped edges q g' g2 adapted to adjust the speed governing
mechanism of the motor train, the emphasizing mechanism of the metronome arm and
the mechanism for printing the time fractions, and having tongues standing as
indices in front of fixed scales indicating respectively the numerators and the
denominators of the time fractions, substantially as set forth.
32. In a music recorder, the combination with a motor train, an impression
roller rotated thereby, a series of marking levers pivoted to a rod R², and means

page_text: for operating said marking levers; of a ratchet wheel Y mounted loosely on the
journal of the impression roller and free to move backward and forward between
stops relatively to the wheel W2 of the motor train, said ratchet having a tendency
under spring impulsion to turn forward in the same direction as that in which the
impression roller usually rotates, a detent Y engaging said ratchet, and an arm Y
rigidly connected to said detent and having its free end notched to engage with a
bail rod Y lying across the upper edges of the marking levers, the rod Y being
carried at its ends by arms Y turning on the rod R2, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
33. In a music recorder, the combination with a pair of type segments and
means for operating them, of a lever X turning on the pivot X2 of the type
segments and having a notch S13 engaging with a suitably fixed pivot, said lever
carrying at its upper end a pin X and a small inking roller X and an endless
tape X20 passing round said pin and roller, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
34. In a music recorder, devices substantially such as shown and described for
printing automatically upon the band at the end of every measure the time fractions
to indicate the contents of each respective measure.
35. A music recorder having its marking levers differently spaced in the manner
set forth so as to print on a paper band having an ordinary staff the white-key note
marks in the centre of the spaces or directly on the lines of the staff, and the
black-key note marks appreciably above or below their related staff lines whereby
the use of a special staff is avoided.
36. In a music recorder a pair of type segments having means substantially as
set forth for operating them so as to print variable time fractions on the paper band
at the completion of each measure, to indicate the contents and completion of the
recorded measures.
37. In a music recorder, the method of indicating the places of the dividing
bars consisting in printing on the corresponding points of the paper band the
time fractions showing the contents of the recorded measures substantially as set
forth.
38. In a music recorder, the use of bell-devices as an integral part of the
mechanism for the purpose of automatically beating time audibly, substantially as
set forth.
39. In a music recorder, the combination with a bell-device adapted to auto-
matically beat time audibly, of a bell having a distinctive tone adapted to be sounded
to emphasize certain beats, substantially as set forth.
40. In a music recorder, the combination with a motor train, a rod V2 oscillated
by said train and means for turning the said rod on its own axis at predetermined
intervals of the two bells Z having distinctive tones and mounted on deflectible
haugers suitably supported, hanging arms Z2 pivoted to the frame and carrying
hammers Z3 adapted to strike the said bells, arms Z' rigidly attached to the hanging
arms near their pivots, trips Z pivoted on the free ends of the arms Z° and a pin Vi
carried by the oscillating rod V2 and adapted to engage with one of said trips in
order to sound one of the bells as the said rod oscillates, and to engage with
the other of said trips when the rod turns ou its own axis, in order to sound the other
bell, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
41. In a music recorder, the combination with a motor train and a rod V2
scillated by said train, of a bell Z mounted on a deflectible hanger suitably
supported, hanging arm Z pivoted to the frame and carrying a hammer Z³ adapted
to strike the said bell, arm Z rigidly attached to the hanging arm near its pivot,
trip Z pivoted on the free end of the arm Ze, and a pin V carried by and projecting
at each side through the oscillating rod V2 and adapted to engage the said trip
as the rod oscillates in order to sound the said bell, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
42. A music recorder comprising a vertical frame-board adapted to stand edgewise
on the key-blocks of a pianoforte or similarly keyed musical instrument, means for

page_text: clamping same in such position, a series of pivoted marking levers, means for
actuating said marking levers when the keys of the musical instrument are depressed,
a motor train, means for governing and adjusting the speed of said train, means
for automatically beating time visibly and audibly under the impulse of said motor
train, a roll of paper adapted to receive printed impressions, means for feeding,
guiding and ruling said paper, an impression roller, an inking roller, means for
controlling and adjusting the duration of the time measures and the number of
beats to a measure, and means for indicating the time fractions and for printing said
fractions on the paper band, in combination substantially as hereinbefore described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
43. The construction and combination of parts taken as a whole forming the
in proved music recorder substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated on
the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 17th day of August 1805
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, and London, Patent Agents.