Improvements in Valvular Arrangements. for the Prevention of Boiler Explosions and Leakage of Pipes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 8th. Jan., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 8th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 8th Jan., 1896
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* PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Valvular Arrangements. for the Prevention of
Boiler Explosions and Leakage of Pipes.
WILLIAM HENRY TAYLOR, Fernlen, Woodford Road, Leytonstone, Essex,
Engineer's Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of 'this invention to be as
follows:-
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For the prevention of boiler, explosions I.fix one or more valve arrangements in
connection with supply & delivery pipest.or what are sometimes termed flow and
return pipes, at any convenient point, but preferably as near boiler as possible,
which valve or valves, are operated by means of a float or floats, with or without
cushion consisting of a piston or cylinder working inside. another cylinder. The
valve or valves closing automatically on any block occurring, from frost.or
otherwise, in said, pipes or their connections, but not opening. again without aid.
A second valve, when used, maybe operated by same float as other valve or by an
independent one, which valve opens on the other one closing, admitting air through
pipe in connection, with air valve, thus allowing water to be drained from said
pipes, and at the same time should steam generate in boiler, the steam would have
an easy outlet through empty pipes & out through air valve & pipe before
mentioned. When the circulating pipes are in proper working-order & the first
mentioned valve open, the air valve is closed.
For the prevention of leakage of pipes I fix one or more valve arrangements in
connection with the before mentioned pipes at, any desired, part, but preferably as
near source of supply as possible such as underneath cold water tank or cisterator
hot water cistern when at top of house, or inside said tanks or cisterns, the whole
supply of hot or cold water to the house may be controlled by this valve, arrange-
ment. Which valve or valves closing on the temperature of water. reaching
freezing point or any other desired point, with or without cushion- arrangementias
before described. A second valve when used may be operated by same float or an
independent one as before, & opening on the other one closing, admitting air &
allowing pipes to be drained-&-another free outlet for steam if generated as before
mentioned. As will be seen a leakage is impossible.
Or I sometimes use the latter valve arrangement to act for the both purposes,.
that is to prevent boiler explosions, & leakage of pipes in consequence of frost.
The above is specially adapted. for any. hot water apparatus or, any other
analogous purpose; where a continuous supply is necessary, for safety, or where
damage is done by leakage from frost.
.. Either of the above can be used independently of each other.
mbth day of Jonu 1805

page_text: Improvements in Valvular Arrangements for the Prevention of
Boiler Explosions and Leakage of Pipes.
WILLIAM HENRY TAYLOR Fernlea Woodford Road Leytonstone London N.E.
Engineers' Accountant do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the prevention of boiler explosions and the
leakage of pipes in consequence of burst pipes through frost.
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For the prevention of boiler explosions one or more valvular arrangements may
be fixed, preferably as near boiler as possible, in connection with the circulating
pipes, the valve or valves closing on any block occurring from frost or otherwise
& remaining closed until set in motion again. In connection with this another
valve may be used which opens & shuts reversely to the other and not closed
together, this valve being for the purpose of admitting air to allow of pipes being
drained and also affording an extra outlet for steam if generated.
For the prevention of leakage of pipes in consequence of burst pipes through
frost, one or more valvular arrangements may be fixed, preferably as near source
of supply at top of house, such as underneath tank, the whole supply of house may
be controlled by this arrangement, which valve closes on the temperature of water
reaching freezing or any other point desired. In connection with this another
valve may be used, and operated by an independent float controlled by the water
supply, for the purpose of admitting air and allowing pipes to be drained & making
'another outlet for steam.
:
Or one of the latter valvular arrangements may be used for both objects, that is
the prevention of boiler explosions and leakage of pipes in consequence of frost.
Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of the valvular arrangement operated by
means of a float controlled by the water supply.
For example will suppose this is fixed in connection with return pipe to boiler
& as near boiler as is practicable. The connection being inade at O and P. We
will now suppose the water supply is turned on & fills float chamber I, the float E
will slide up top guide F taking sloping platform M¹ with it, the ball valve M still
remaining on its seat at N. By pushing spindle D through the stuffing box at H
it will raise ball valve M off its seat at N & up water pipe L until it comes flush
with bottom of top channel J, the guide A preventing it going any farther, the
ball valve M runs down top channel J on to sloping platform M¹, the water being
on, & remains there until a block occurs from any reason, the float dropping as the
remaining water passes through water chamber S, upon which valve seat is placed
and on through pipe at P, the float dropping as far as tube B will allow bottom
guide to go leaving sloping platform M' flush with bottom of lower channel K
as shown, the ball valve running down channel K & through outlet at R on to its
scat again. Channel K entering pipe L at right angles to channel J. G being a
moveable cap, on float chamber 1, to which top guide F is attached.
When air valve is used in connection with the before mentioned valvular
arrangement, F must be an open tube, the bottom of which forms valve seat, the
valve being attached to the bottom of float E (similar to the valve S shown
in Figs. 11 & III,) the sloping platform M' coming still below this & acting as
before. But in this case the float chamber I would need to be longer & more
space left between bottom of float E & sloping platform M' to allow of this.
Or it may be arranged, either with or without air valve, so that when sloping
platform M¹ is, as shown on drawing, flush with the bottom of lower channel K,

page_text: the bottom of float E or air valve, when used, does not come below the top of upper
channel J.
Then when no water is on, the ball valve M cannot be lifted & left 'open,
would run back on to its seat as is arranged on Fig. II.
as it
Fig. 11. represents 'a' vertical section of another valvular arrangement adapted
for either hot or cold water.
For example I will suppose this is fixed in connection with the pipes at top of
the house at the most exposed part. The connection being made at O and P.
A is a vessel with a screw plng K'in bottom, through which either of the
following liquids may be poured before apparatus is connected sucli as alcohol,
methylated spirits, turpentine, paraffin or any other like liquid which will not
freeze at 32° Fahrenheit, but preferably those of the most expansive nature under
heat and not freezing say at 20° Fahrenheit or 12° below freezing of water,
excepting when used in hot water exceeding say 150° Fahrenheit when preference is
given to those liquids which will not boil below 212° Fahrenheit & will not freeze
at 20° Fahrenheit. B and D are two tubes attached securely to bottom cap H,
this cap having a hole through' centre, Z forms a reservoir on top of tube B, which
is attached to flange X, this forms a chamber for holding mercury.
Tubes C and E are attached to top cap. Y, tube E having a smaller tube E²
attached to bottom and sealed at bottom end which fits into hole through bottom
cap H, tube E being also sealed at E' thus forming the float, I is a space left on
top of float E, having holes in the sides to let out the air through hole when plug Q
is removed when inserting float E in tube D¹.
On the upper side of plug Q is a stud for adjusting and carrying sloping
platform M!.
To fill oil or spirit chamber A lift out float E, remove plug K' and block
tube D' temporary whilst pouring the oil or spirit used. When filling, the oil or
spirit must be at a temperature of 32° Fahrenheit, when filled screw in plug K¹
and open D tube again at top, finishing the filling through tube D', then pour in
mercury into space formed between tubes B and D which must be of sufficient
quantity to balance weight of float E with sloping platform M' and ball valve M
on top at least.. Then insert float E inside. tube D' which must be done gently and
with the plug Q removed so that all air can escape as float E sinks down, and
when oil or spirit used appears at plug hole, allow the 'float E to sink say within
of an inch of its bottom, screw in plug Q & adjust sloping platform M' to be flush
with the bottom side of lower channel K so that the ball valve M if on top of
sloping platform M¹ would run down channel K. Should the temperature of
oil or spirits used, go lower than 32° Fahrenheit, the float E would still be able to
drop leaving the sloping platform M¹ resting on ledges as shown on drawing,
otherwise a vacuum would be caused & syphon some of the mercury out of
reservoir into tube D' and interfere with its future proper working. If spirit or
oil chamber A is filled when spirit or oil used is at a higher temperature than
32° Fahrenheit, the same weight of the same oil or spirit used previously should be
poured in, mercury & float E being inserted as before, but in this case as soon as
oil or spirit used appears at the plug hole it must be closed. Float E should fit 'as
closely inside tube D' as is practicable for free working, and tube C should also fit
as closely over tube D' as is practicable for free working of float E, tube C being
attached to float E. There should also be about of an inch ou either side
between tubes B and C for the mercury, so that the mercury will not cause tube 'C
to bind. The mercury being used as a free joint for float to work & at the same
time prevent the water mixing with the oil or spirit used. The small part of
float E is for the purpose of enabling the float to raise quicker for the first few
degrees above 32° Fahrenheit.
It is now in working order & will suppose it to be in position as shown in
drawing. Lift the ball valve M off its seat by pushing spindle D as in Fig. I,
the ball valve will be raised & passing through J will drop on to sloping platform M¹
and through channel K and out at R on to its sent at N, but supposing the

page_text: temperature to have risen and lifted. sloping platform the ball valve if lifted would
drop on to sloping platform & there remain until temperature caused it to drop
again as drawing shows.
The temperature of the water, in water chamber F, surrounding spirit or oil
chamber A causes the oil or spirit used to expand or contract as the case
may be.
To water chamber F is attached a float chamber U, inside which chamber is a
float Q which slides up & down upon tube R', the valve S which may be of
rubber, leather & the like pliable material not readily destroyed by the action of
water, but the valve may be of the ordinary mushroom, wing or ball type, in
either case the bottom end of tube R¹ forms the seat at W. The valve used, may
be attached to the underside of float Q'as shown by bracket T. The tube R¹ being
the air inlet and is attached to moveable cap V on top of float chamber U. Now
suppose ball valve M is on its seat as shown on drawing & a tap is opened at any
point lower down, this will allow float Q to drop & open valve S which then
admits air & the pipes can be drained of all water, but on the ball valve M being
lifted, when water is on, & filling float chamber U it raises float Q' & keeps the
valve S against its seat at W.
Fig. III. represents a vertical section of another valvular arrangement suitable
for cold water or other liquids.
For example I will suppose this fixed in connection with cold water supply
pipe, as near water supply tank as possible, leading to hot water cylinder if placed
in a lower part of the house.
The oil or spirit chamber, mercury chamber & float being substantially the
same as that described in Fig. II, the only important difference in this part of the
arrangement is that the expansion & contraction of oil or spirit used is effected by
the temperature of the surrounding atmosphcrc instead of as in Fig. II by the
temperature of the water surrounding oil or spirit chamber.
The air valve attachment is also substantially the same as described in
Fig. II.
J. being a tap for letting out air when filling oil or spirit chamber instead of a
plug as Q. in Fig. II.
O. is a guide to ball valve M when lifted off its seat by the float E.
The ball valve M in this arrangement opens & shuts automatically according to
the expansion or contraction of spirit or oil used, & may be adjusted by screwing
lifter L' in or out of socket L on tap J, & may be set to close at 32° Fahrenheit
or otherwise as in Fig. II.
Figs. I and II may be used with either hot or cold water & may be used in
connection with circulating pipes to or fro boiler, the valve being entirely out of
the way when not closed, so as not to impede the circulation.
Fig. III. on the other hand is only adaptable for cold water or other
liquids.
Fig. II may have valve to open as in Fig. III, that is, to open & shut
automatically by the expansion or contraction of the oil or spirit used and effected
by the temperature of water as described in Fig. II.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
First. A valvular arrangement by which the valve may be used in connection
with the flow or return pipes to hot water boiler and will close automatically ou
any block occurring, from frost or otherwise, in connection with the supply to
hot water boiler, and arranged that the valve will not remain open if water supply
is blocked at time of opening, but will not open of its own accord. In combination
with above an air valve may be used by which the pipes may be drained, sub-
stantially as herein described & for the purpose herein set forth with reference to
the Figs. 1 and 2.

page_text: Second. A valvular arrangement by which the valve may be used in connection
with the flow and return pipes to hot water boiler, and closing automatically by
the temperature of the water in the valvular arrangement, but will not open again
of its own accord, & so arranged that valve will not remain open if water is at
temperature at which valve is set to close. In combination with this arrangement
is an air valve by which the pipes may be drained, substantially as herein described
& for the purpose herein set forth with reference to Fig. 2.
Third. A valvular arrangement by which the valve is opened & shut automatically
by the temperature of the atmosphere surrounding this arrangement, but is not
adapted for hot water. This has also an air valve as in preceding claims,
substantially as herein described & for the purpose herein set forth with reference
to Fig. 3.
Dated this 7th day of January 1896.
WILLIAM HENRY TAYLOR.