IMPROVEMENTS IN BROOCHES, SHAWL PINS, NURSERY PINS, AND OTHER LIKE FASTENINGS.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Perks, the younger, of the Firm of
Thomas Perks and Sons, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Jewellers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BROOCHES, SHAWL
PINS, NURSERY PINS, AND OTHER LIKE FASTENINGS.´
Sealed the 17th April 1874, and dated the 13th February 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Perks at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 13th February 1874.
I, THOMAS PERKS, the younger, of the Firm of Thomas Perks and
Sons, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Jewellers, do hereby
. declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BROOCHES,
SHAWL PINS, NURSERY PINS, AND OTHER LIKE FASTENINGS," to be as follows:-
My Invention has reference to the securing of the pin or arm of the
brooch or other like fastening, and protecting the point of the said pin;
and my said Invention consists of the combination or arrangement of

page_text: parts herein-after described for effecting these objects in a simple and
efficient manner.
I will describe my Invention as applied to a brooch. At the back of
the brooch and at that part where the loop is ordinarily situated I fix a
barrel or tubular case open at both ends. In the side of the said barrel
or case a longitudinal slot is made of a size proper to receive the pointed
end of the brooch pin. Sliding in the said barrel or tubular case is a
second barrel or tube; this sliding barrel is connected to the fixed
barrel or case, and its rotation in the said fixed barrel prevented by
means of a stud on the sliding barrel engaging in the longitudinal slot
in the outer or fixed barrel or case. The outer end of the sliding barrel
or tube is furnished with a knob or head, by means of which it may be
pushed in or withdrawn from the fixed barrel for fastening and
unfastening the brooch.
In fastening the pin of the brooch the pointed end of the pin is passed
by a lateral motion through the slot in the fixed barrel, and the sliding
barrel or tube is then pushed inwards. The said sliding barrel is thereby
made to cover the slot in the outer barrel and surround the pointed end
of the pin, the said pointed end being situated within the said sliding
barrel; the pin is thereby fastened in its place and its pointed end
protected. By drawing outwards the sliding barrel the latter is removed
from the pointed end of the pin and the lateral slot in the outer barrel
or case at the same time opened, when the said pointed end of the pin
may be withdrawn from the said lateral slot and the brooch unfastened.
In applying my Invention to shawl pins, nursery pins, and pins for
like purposes I use a flat or other shaped back bar having its ends bent
over the said bar. To one of the said ends the pin is jointed and to the
other end the fastening or protecting apparatus for the pin, constructed
as herein-before described, is fixed.
The slot in the fixed barrel or case may be on the upper side instead
of on one side, so that the pin or arm may shut down into it, and the
sliding barrel may in its advanced position be capable of rotation
through an angle sufficient to enable it to be secured in its place by an
action similar to that of a bayonet joint.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Perks in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 7th August 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
PERKS, the younger, of the Firm of Thomas Perks and Sons, of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Jewellers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Perks, Her special license
that I, the said Thomas Perks, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Perks, my executors,
administrators and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN BROOCHES, SHAWL PINS, NURSERY PINS, AND OTHER LIKE FASTENINGS," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Perks, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Perks, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention has reference to the securing of the pin or arm of the
brooch or other like fastening and protecting the point of the said pin;
and my said Invention consists of the combination or arrangement of
parts herein-after described for effecting these objects in a simple and
efficient manner,

page_text: I will describe my Invention as applied to a brooch. At the back of
the brooch and at that part where the loop is ordinarily situated I fix a
barrel or tubular case open at both ends. In the side of the said barrel
or case a longitudinal slot is made of a size proper to receive the pointed
end of the brooch pin. Sliding in the said barrel or tubular case is a
second barrel or tube; this sliding barrel is connected to the fixed
barrel or case, and its rotation in the said fixed barrel prevented by
means of a stud on the sliding barrel engaging in the longitudinal slot
in the outer or fixed barrel or case. The outer end of the sliding barrel
or tube is furnished with a knob or head, by means of which it may be
pushed in or withdrawn from the fixed barrel for fastening and
unfastening the brooch.
In fastening the pin of the brooch the pointed end of the pin is passed
by a lateral motion through the slot in the fixed barrel, and the sliding
barrel or tube is then pushed inwards. The said sliding barrel is thereby
made to cover the slot in the outer barrel and surround the pointed end
of the pin, the said pointed end being situated within the said sliding
barrel. The pin is thereby fastened in its place and its pointed end
protected. By drawing outwards the sliding barrel the latter is removed
from the pointed end of the pin and the lateral slot in the outer
barrel or case at the same time opened, when the said pointed end
of the pin may be withdrawn from the said lateral slot and the brooch
unfastened.
In applying my Invention to shawl pins, nursery pins, and pins for
like purposes I use a flat or other shaped back bar having its ends bent
over the said bar. To one of the said ends the pin is jointed, and to the
other end the fastening or protecting apparatus for the pin, constructed
as herein-before described, is fixed.
Having explained the nature of my Invention I will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawing the manner in
which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in side elevation, Figure 2 in plan of under side,
and Figure 3, partly in elevation and partly in section, a brooch provided
with a safety fastening and protector, constructed according to my
Invention, the brooch being represented fastened; Figure 4 represents
the same unfastened; and Figure 5 represents one of the parts of the
safety fastening. The brooch is represented drawn to a large scale. The
same letters of reference indicate the same parts.

page_text: a is the body of the brooch and 6 is the jointed pin. At the back of
the body a and at the place where the loop is ordinarily fixed is a
barrel or tubular case c open at both ends, the said barrel c being carried
by the short arm or piece d. In the side of the barrel c is a slot c² (best
seen in Figure 4). Sliding in the fixed barrel c is a second barrel or
tube f(shown separately in Figure 5), provided at its outer end with a
knob or head f, by which it may be pushed in and withdrawn from the
fixed barrel c for effecting the fastening and unfastening of the brooch.
The sliding inner barrel f has near its end a stud f' made by raising
a portion of the said barrel out of the plane of the said barrel. The
stud fs works in the lateral slot c² in the fixed barrel c. By means of
the said slot and stud c², f³, the sliding barrel f is prevented from
rotating in the fixed barrel c, and is also prevented from being wholly
withdrawn from the fixed barrel.
To fasten the brooch the sliding barrel f is withdrawn to its full
extent, as represented in Figure 4, so as to open the lateral slot c² in the
fixed barrel c, and the pointed end of the pin b is then passed by a
lateral motion through the said slot & into the barrel c. By now
pushing the sliding barrel finwards the said barrel f is made to cover
the slot in the outer barrel c and surround the pointed end of the
pin b, as represented in Figure 3. The pin is thereby fastened in its
place and its pointed end protected. To unfasten the brooch the sliding
barrel f is moved to the position Figure 4 so as to open the slot c² when
the brooch may be unfastened by withdrawing the pin from the slot c³
in the fixed barrel, as illustrated in Figure 4.
The parts may be modified as follows:-The slot in the fixed
barrel or case c may be on the top instead of on one side of the said
barrel, so that the pin 6 may be shut down directly into it. And instead
of using a stud fs working in the slot c² a pin on the sliding barrel may
be made to engage by a partial rotation with a slot in the fixed barrel,
similar to the slot of a bayonet joint fastening. By means of the said
slot the sliding barrel may be locked in its advanced position so as to
prevent the accidental withdrawal of the said sliding barrel and the
unfastening of the brooch.
Figure 6 represents in side and edge view a nursery or shawl pin
provided with a safety and protecting fastening, constructed according
to my Invention; and Figure 7 represents the pin unfastened. In the

page_text: said Figures 6 and 7 the parts of the safety and protecting fastening are
marked with the same letters as corresponding parts in Figures 1, 2, 3,
4, and 5.
The pin 6, spring 63, and arm 63 are of the ordinary kind.
Although I have only described and represented my Invention in
connection with a brooch and a shawl or nursery pin, yet I wish it to be
understood that my said Invention is also applicable to all such
fastenings as are fastened by means of a pointed pin or by an arm on
the body of the fastening.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner in :
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I
claim as my Invention, the improvements in brooches, shawl pins,
nursery pins, and other like fastenings, herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, that is to say, securing and
protecting the pin or arm of the brooch or other like fastening by means
of a fixed barrel c, c², on the brooch or fastening, into which fixed
barrel the pin or arm is passed, and a sliding barrel ƒ, ƒ³, ƒ³, working in
the said fixed barrel, the advance of the sliding barrel covering the slot
in the fixed barrel and surrounding and protecting the end of the pin or
arm, substantially as described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Perks, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Sixth day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
THOMAS PERKS, JUN³.
(L.S.)