Improvements in Apparatus for Hammering, Pressing, or Stamping.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Aug., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Apr., 1890-Accepted, 14th June, 1890 -
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Hammering, Pressing, or
Stamping.
I HENRY SMITH of Thirlwell Mount Heeley near Sheffield in the County of York
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object to provide a hammer press or stainp which can be
operated without the steam or motive fluid used in such apparatus as ordinarily
constructed.
According to my Invention the operating portion of the hammer press or stamp is
actuated for giving the effective blow by means of a spring and there are provided
means by which this spring can be compressed to any desired extent the force of the
blow afterwards given by the reaction of the spring being in accordance with the
degree to which it has been compressed. The compression of the spring may be
obtained in any desired way for instance by a treadle and levers acting on a plate by
which the spring is compressed there being if desired multiplying gear by which the
power by which the spring can be compressed can be increased as desired.
Dated this 10th day of August 1889
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Hammering, Pressing, or
Stamping.
1 HENRY SMITH of Thirlwell Mount Heeley near Sheffield in the County of York
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My Invention has for its object to provide a hammer press or stamp which can be
operated without the steam or motive fluid used in such apparatus as ordinarily
constructed.
According to my Invention the operating portion of the hammer press or stamp is
actuated for giving the effective blow by means of a spring, and there are provided
means by which this spring can be compressed to any desired extent, the force of the
blow afterwards given by the reaction of the spring being in accordance with the
degree to which it has been compressed, or the compression of the spring may be
uniform and the force of the blow be regulated by means of a brake or friction
surfaces made to act upon or grip the "tup" rod more or less, so as to retard its
descent. The compression of the spring may be obtained in any desired way, for
instance by means of a rotating tapped wheel, or by a treadle and levers acting on a
plate or cross head to raise the tap rod by which the spring is compressed, there being,
if desired multiplying gear, by which the power for compressing the spring cau be
increased as desired.
In order that my Invention may be clearly understood, I will more particularly
describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings:-
Figure 1 of which is a front elevation. Figure 2 a side elevation and Figure 3 a
vertical section of a hammer constructed according to my Invention. Figure 4 is a
horizontal section along the line 1--2. Figure 3. A is a strong cast iron standard or
frame bolted to a base B to which is secured an anvil C on which is placed the article
to be hammered. The tup rod D which carries the tup or hammer head E passes
through holes in the top and bottom covers of a cylinder F, which is bolted to the
front of the standard A.

page_text: On the tup rod D there is fixed or formed a collar G between which and the top
cover H of the cylinder is interposed a strong helical spring I which tends to force
the tup or hammer head on to the anvil C or if desired the spring may be com-
pound that is two or more springs may be used; and these may be arranged one
within the other. Above the cylinder F the tap rod is keyed to a crosshead K fitted
to slide up and down guides L fast on the cylinder cover H and connected together at
their upper ends by a bar M having a hole therein, through which the upper end of
the tup rod passes, and by which the said rod is guided in its motions.
The cross
head K is provided with anti friction rollers N for the tappets or other lifting device
to act upon to raise the tup. The arrangement which I prefer to employ for raising
the tup consists of a tappet wheel O keyed on a sleeve P carried on a rod or axle Q
passing transversely through the standard A and mounted in boxes Q capablo of
adjustment in slots a in the upper end of the said standard.
Between the boxes Q and the cap Q3 through which passes the set screw c. I
preferably employ an india rubber block or cushion in order to break or minimise the
inetallic contact caused by the tappets b striking the antifriction rollers N.
On the sleeve P are keyed two spur wheels R arranged one on each side of the
tappet wheel O with which wheels gear two other wheels S mounted on studs T
secured by nuts to the sides or cheeks of the standard A. Gearing with the wheels S
are two other wheels U keyed on a shaft V mounted in bearings in the standard A
and carrying fly wheels W and fast and loose pulleys X X round which passes a
driving strap from a main driving shaft or direct from a steam engine or other source
of motive power.
The tappet wheel O may be provided with any desired number of pairs of tappets b
according to the number of blows, the tup is required to give for each revolution of
the tappet wheel. To start the hammer the driving strap is shifted from the loose
pulley X onto the fast pulley X by means of the strap shifter Y whereupon rotary
motion will be imparted through the gearing U S and R to the tappet wheel O.
The tappets b on the wheel O are preferably arranged in duplicate as shewn so as
to act equally on both sides of the tup rod the gearing for rotating the tappet
wheel being also provided on opposite sides of the tappet wheel for the purpose
of equalizing the strain but the Invention is not limited to that arrangement. As
the tappet wheel rotates the tappets 6 come successively into contact with the
rollers N on the cross head and raise the tup rod thereby compressing the spring I,
between the collar and cover H of the cylinder F the distance to which the tup
is raised and consequently the degree of compression of the spring depending upon
the distance to which the centre of rotation of the tappets is situated from the
cross head K so as to cause more or less of the surface of the tappets to act on the
rollers N. This distance may be regulated as required in any desired way, for
instance by means of adjusting screws cc' acting on the boxes or slides Q2 which carry
the spindle Q on which the tappet wheel Ois mounted.
By this means the force of the blow in excess of that produced by the weight of the
top and parts connected therewith may be adjusted as required by regulating the
height to which the tup rod is raised but in addition to this adjustment I may
provide brake mechanism, whereby even with the full compression of the spring the
descent of the tup rod may be retarded and thereby the force of the blow be governed
as required. A convenient arrangement of brake for this purpose consists of two
blocks of wood & d² preferably of semi-cylindrical form fitting the interior of the
cylinder F below the projection or collar on the tup rod D, and recessed or hollowed
on their inner faces to fit the said tup rod.
The block is capable of being moved into and out of contact with the tup rod.
This block is provided at e with a metal plate or block against which bears the end of a
rod f which rod is provided with a quick threaded screw at y working in a stationary
nut seevred by a plate i to the back of the cylinder F. The rod is supported at
its outer end in a bar or bracket & bolted to the standard A. Projecting from the
rod is an arm to the outer end of which is connected by a rod m, a treadle n by
depressing which treadlea motion of partial rotation will be given through the connecting

page_text: rod m and arm to the screw g in the nut h and thereby the block d will be forced
forward against the tup rod and thus retard more or less the descent of the said tup
rod according to the amount of pressure exerted on the treadle. When pressure is
removed from the treadle it is returned to its normal position by a spring o and
through the connecting rod m and arm the screw is turned in the reverse direction,
whereby the pressure of the rod f is removed from the block d whereupon the said
block is forced ont of frictional contact with the tap rod by springs p (preferably
blocks of india rubber inserted in recesses in the block d² and bearing against the face
of the block d).
The tup rod may if desired, be maintained in its highest elevated position by means
of the brake blocks d. d' so that the rollers on the cross head K are out of the range of
the tappets and the action of the hammer be thereby stopped without shifting the
driving strap on to the loose pulley. Instead of utilising the expansive power of a
compressed spring or compressed springs for giving the blows, the contractive
power of expanded springs may be employed for producing the blow or pressure
required.
It is obvious that although I have described the Invention as applied to a hammer,
the same may be employed for stamping or pressing.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1st. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting an apparatus for
hammering stamping or pressing substantially as herein before describedandillustrated
by the accompanying drawings.
2nd. In apparatus for hammering stamping or pressing the combination of a tup
hammer presser or stamp and a spring or springs and means for compressing or
expanding the said spring or springs for the purpose of utilizing the power of
its or their expansion or contraction for giving the blow or pressure substantially
as herein before described.
3rd. In apparatus for hammering stamping or pressing the combination of a tup
rod, a helical spring or helical springs interposed between a collar or projection on
the tup rod and an abutment on the frame or standard, a tappet wheel for raising the
tup rod and compressing the spring or springs and afterwards releasing the same to
allow the springs to expand or re-act to give the blow or pressure substantially as
herein before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
4th. In an apparatus for hammering stamping or pressing the combination with a
tup rod and spring or springs and means for utilising the expansive or contractive
power of the said spring or springs of brake mechanism for governing the action of
the spring or springs substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to
the accompanying drawings.
5th. In apparatus for hammering stamping or pressing in which the expansive or
contractive power of a spring or springs is utilised for giving the blow or pressure a
brake consisting of a block of wood or its equivalent brought into frictional contact
with the tap rod by a screw working in a stationary nnt and actuated by means of a
treadle and connecting rod or otherwise substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 2nd day of Anvil 1900