CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE OR NET AND OTHER FABRICS, AND
Year: 1845

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JOHN
FISHER the younger, of Radford Works, in the County of Nottingham
Gentleman, JAMES GIBBONS, of New Radford, in the said Parish of Radford,
Machinist, and THOMAS ROE, of New Radford aforesaid, Machinist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Tenth day of June, in the eighth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said John
Fisher, James Gibbons, and Thomas Roe, our exors, admors, and assigns,
Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that we, the said
John Fisher, James Gibbons, and Thomas Roe, our exors, admors, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Fisher, James Gibbons, and
Thomas Roe, our exors, aditiors, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within England, Wales, and the Town of, Berwick-upon-Tweed, and in the
Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and also in all Her
said Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, our Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LACE OR NET AND OTHER FABRICS, AND
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR FIGURING OR ORNAMENTING LACE OR
NET AND OTHER FABRICS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
that we, the said John Fisher, James Gibbons, and Thomas Roe, some or

page_text: one of us, shall cause a particular description of the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled
in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
John Fisher, James Gibbons, and Thomas Roe, do hereby declare that the
nature of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be
performed, are fully described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to
the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
Our Invention consists,-
First, of a mode of making lace or net with vandyked or scolloped edges.
Secondly, our Invention consists of a mode of constructing and arranging
apparatus for giving motion to guide and other bars of lace machinery
requiring various movements to produce different effects in working.
Thirdly, our Invention consists of improvements in the apparatus used in
producing warp fabrics. And,
Fourthly, our Invention consists of improvements in arranging apparatus
for producing ornamental tambour or looped work in pattern on lace and
other fabrics.
And in order that our Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the means we pursue in carrying
out our Invention.
The first part of the Invention consists of a mode of making lace or net (in
twist lace machinery) with vandyked or scolloped edges, and consists of using
moveable combs for causing the bobbin carriages (which go to make the
scolloped or vandyked edges) to be carried away from the bobbin threads,
which go to make the body or ground of the lace or net on which the
vandyked or scolloped edge is made, so that for a time the bobbin threads
which make the scolloped or vandyked edge will work at a distance from the
bobbin threads which are at the same time making the breadth or body or
ground of the net or lace to which the edge is being made; and for a time the
bobbin threads, which are working to produce the vandyked edge, will not be
equally spaced with those which are making the body of the breadth of lace,
but they will be working at a wider guage, which will be effected by the
bobbin and warp threads which make the head or vandyked edge being
carried away from those which are making the body of the breadth of lace, so

page_text: that, having produced one scollop, the whole of the bobbin threads come
together and are equally spaced and work to produce one breadth of lace equal
to that which would be made if the bobbin carriages (working to produce the
scolloped or vandyked edge) did not depart from those carriages which are
working to produce the body of the breadth of lace to which the scolloped or
vandyked edge is attached. In working out this part of the Invention, the
head might be a completely open head, only joined to the body at intervals, in
which case the head or vandyke might be of the same guage of threads as the
body to which it is attached, or from end to end of the scollop; the head may
be of a wider guage than the body, as herein described. It should, however,
be stated that we are aware that it is not new to make scolloped or vandyked
edges of lace or net in twist lace machines, by causing the carriages which go
to make the edge to depart from and return to and for a time work separate
from the carriages which make the breadth of lace or net to which such
scolloped or vandyked edge is applied. And this part of our Invention consists
of the use of moveable combs or bolts as the means of causing the carriages
which make the edge and the carriages which make the body of the breadth
to which the edge is applied for a time to work away from or differently spaced
from those of the body of the breadth of lace.
.DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS A.
The nature of each of the views shewn by these Drawings being written
thereon, it will not be necessary to repeat the same here. These Drawings
shew so much of a twist lace machine, working with a single tier of what are
called levers carriages, as will enable us to describe this part of our Invention,
the machinery being arranged for causing the whole tier of carriages to move
through the warp threads without being divided, as is well understood, and
the same forms no part of our Invention. The front comb bar is fixed, and
the back main comb bar is moveable and so as to shog to a considerable
extent, depending on the depth of the vandyked or scolloped edge to be
made; and there are spaces in the combs of the back main comb bar at
each place where a vandyked or scolloped edge is to be produced, and in this
space between the back edge of one breadth and the scolloped or vandyked
edge of the next breadth there are two parts of combs, each placed on. a
separate bar; a being the back main comb bar; b and c are the two separate
comb bars, each carrying their respective portions of the combs. Thus,
cowards the completion of a scollop, the combs c receive the carriages which
go to make the outer edge of the scollop or vandyke, and the combs 6 contain
he carriages which go to make the inner edge of the scollop or vandyke

page_text: (when an open head is made), which comes next the body or breadth of lace
on which the scolloped edge is made; and at the time the carriages which
make the scolloped edge are carried out as far as they will go, the combs a
will contain all the carriages which go to make the ground or breadth of lace
to which the other carriages are making the scolloped edge. And when the
carriages which make the scolloped edge, and the breadth to which that edge
is made, are all equidistant or equally spaced in the combs the two right-hand
outermost bobbin carriages will be in the front combs opposite the spaces of
the combs b, nearest the combs a, and the carriages which make the back
selvage or edge of the breadth will be opposite the spaces in the comb c, to the
left hand of that breadth; and the comb bar c will be shogged with the back
main comb bar a, as if it were part thereof, so long as any of the carriages for
making the back edges of the breadth of lace are therein; but as the carriages
at the scolloped edge depart from the combs a, and are carried away by the
combs 6 from the combs a, the carriages for making the back edge in the
combs c will come into the combs a, and thus set the combs c free to be used
for receiving and carrying out the carriages for making the outer edge of tho
scollop as the carriages come from the combs b. The sketch of lace Z will
show the effect thus capable of being obtained, such sketch shewing a portion
of a breadth of plain twist net or lace with the scolloped head or edge
of Grecian net, such head being laced to the back edge or selvage of the next
breadth to the right hand. And the cut of wheels of the Drawings A show
the movements of the comb bars a, b, and c, and also of the warp threads
which work therewith, for producing breadths of lace or net, according to
such sketch Z. And it will be seen that the head or vandyked or scolloped
edge is produced by part of the bobbin threads and warp threads departing
from and returning to the body of the lace, and such scollop or vandyke will
in fact consist of a coarser guage than that of the ground or body of the
breadth of lace.
The warp
threads which go to make the scolloped or
vandyke edge are placed on extra beams or bobbins, so as to allow for
different quantities being used up. And we would remark, that; although we
have only shewn the lace to consist of one bobbin thread to each warp thread,
we do not confine ourselves thereto, as more than one thread may be used, as is
well understood. When using independent combs or bolts for expanding the
width of the lace, so as to produce scolloped or vandyked edges to breadths of
lace, according to our Invention, additional warp bars would be employed to
carry the additional threads; and whether one or more warp threads be used
to each bobbin thread, the pattern of the lace or the different parts of the lace
will, as heretofore, depend on the pattern surfaces used, and the same forms

page_text: no part of our Invention. In order to facilitate the workman understanding
this part of our Invention, we have shewn cuts of wheels for working the warp
bars and also the back comb bars a, b, and c. Other pattern surfaces may
be used for accomplishing these movements, as are well understood by persons
acquainted with lace machinery. We have not thought it necessary to enter
into a description of the working of the other parts of the machinery shewn,
nor of those parts which are not shewn in the Drawing, as the only parts of
the machinery which are varied in carrying out this part of our Invention is
the back comb bar a with its separate independent comb bars b and c, and in
respect to them it is only necessary to call attention to the circumstance of
there being half comb plates a', 6', used in forming the combs a, b; that is to
say, that the outermost plate to the right hand is only part of a whole blade
a', and the outermost blade at the left hand of the combs b consists of the
part of a blade b'; and the coming together of the parts a', b', will form a
complete blade dividing two spaces for the carriages, and the carriages in
those two spaces will be supported notwithstanding the combs 6 move
from the comb a, so as to carry the carriages for the time being in the comb b
from the carriages in the comb a. And the outermost right-hand plate of the
comb c is only a portion of a plate c', and the outermost left-hand blade of the
next comb a is also a portion of a blade like that at a', and they, when they
come together, make a complete blade, and the blades of the combs in the front
comb are all equally spaced from end to end. We would remark, in respect to
this part of our Invention, that we do not confine ourselves to the details
herein described, nor do we claim any of the separate parts; and we are
aware that it is not new to use spaces in the comb or bolt bars of bobbin net
or twist lace machinery, such spaces being filled up with independent combs;
we do not, therefore, claim the same. This part of our Invention, as before
stated, consisting in. so arranging and working independent combs or bolts
that vandyked or scolloped-edged lace may be produced by the bobbin car.
riages, which go to produce the heads or scolloped edges being carried out
into the space between neighbouring breadths.
We will now proceed to describe the second part of our Invention, which
has for its object a mode of constructing and arranging apparatus for pro-
ducing varied distances of movement to the warp or other bars of lace
machinery, and in such manner as to obtain the greatest extent of variety of
movements to the same bar, by the smallest number of surfaces acting in
combination to produce the required extent of movement at any time to that
bar, and the construction of such apparatus under the most advantageous
rrangement consists in taking advantage of and applying, in constructing

page_text: such apparatus, the peculiar variable capability of combinations which we
find grows out of making the surfaces on the principle of geometrical pro-
gression. Thus, supposing a warp or other bar to be at its lowest position,
and one of the moving instruments were introduced, so as to change its
position by No. 1 instrument, which should represent the unit or least particle
of space desired, and such particle of space might be one space of a lace
machine, then the next instrument would be No. 2, equal to two particles of
space; the next instrument No. 3 would be equal to four particles of space;
and the next instrument, or No. 4, would be equal to eight particles of space;
and so multiplying the last product by the same multiplier to produce the
next product for each succeeding larger instrument. By this arrangement,
supposing each unit contained in each such instrument be equal to the
eighth of a space or gate of a twist lace machine, then if the warp or other
bar of a lace machine were for any purpose desired to be moved one eighth
of a gate or space, then the instrument No. 1 would be used, and all the
others for the same warp or other bar would be out of action; and if the
bar was required to stand off from its lowest position two eighths of a
space of the machine, then No. 2 instrument only would be employed; and
if the warp or other bar were required to be three eighths of a space from its
lowest position, then the instruments Nos. 1 and 2 would be combined in
producing the result; and for obtaining a distance of four eights of a space
or gate of the machinery, then No. 3 instrument only would be used, all the
others being out of action; and then for producing five, six, and seven eighths
of a space or gate to a warp or other bar, governed by such instruments No. 3
instrument with No. 1 instrument will be used; then No. 3 instrument with
No. 2 instrument, and the No. 3 instrument with Nos. 2 and 1 instruments;
then for producing a complete gate or eight eighths of a gate No. 4 instru-
ment would be used; and for producing nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen,
fourteen, and fifteen eighths. of a space or gate respectively, then the instru-
ment No. 4 will be combined first with the instrument No. 1, then with the
instrument No. 2, then with the instruments Nos. 2 and 1, then with the instru-
ment No. 8, then with instruments Nos. 3 and 1, then with the instruments
Nos. 3 and 2, and then with the instruments Nos. 3, 2, and 1: by which it
will be seen that by the use of four instruments fifteen variations will be
capable of being obtained; and if another instrument, No. 5, were added it
would itself represent sixteen particles of space, and in the case supposed
would be equal to two spaces or gates, or sixteen eighths of a gate or space
of a lace machine; and the use of such instrument in combination with the
others would produce up to thirty-one eights of a space; and if an instrument

page_text: No. 6 were added, it could itself represent thirty-two particles or eighths of
a space or gate, and would, with the others, produce up to sixty-three move-
ments, by the use of six instruments arranged with their working surfaces,
according to a geometrical progression, and so on for any greater number of
instruments. And we would remark, that, although we have spoken of each
instrument representing eights of a gate or space of twist lace machinery;
they may be made according to the object to be obtained of other quantities
of space, such as complete spaces or gates of warp lace machinery; or a like
space of one gate in twist lace machinery may be represented by the particles
of space referred to in the above observations.
Having thus generally given an expression of the nature of the second part
of our Invention, we will now describe an arrangement of apparatus suitable
for governing the warp bars of twist lace machinery, where it is desired to
have a capability of moving the warp or guide bars to any number of eighths
of a gate or space within the compass of the apparatus.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS B.
The nature of each of the views shewn in these Drawings being written.
thereon, it will not be necessary to repeat the same here; and it will be seen,
that in respect to this part of our Invention, we have not thought it necessary
to shew any lace machinery other than the ends of warp bars, as the shewing
of such machinery is in no way necessary to the making this part of our
Invention fully understood. The apparatus is shewn to be arranged for
working each warp or other bar or part of a twist lace machine requiring
similar movement, with nine instruments constructed to work with surfaces
formed on the principle of a regular geometrical progression; and they are
respectively marked No. 1, No. 2, No. 8, No. 4, No. 5, No. 6, No. 7, No. 8,
No. 9, and they are shewn to be selected or brought into action by Jacquard
apparatus; but other pattern surfaces may be used for bringing such apparatus.
into position to govern the warp bars, or other parts of lace machinery
requiring similar movements. The stems a of all these instruments are each
of the same width, bence the stems are not reckoned as anything, the
enlarged ends being the working surfaces, and each after the first represents.
the product obtained by multiplying another by two, as before described.,
b, b, is a frame fixed in any convenient position, so that the sliding bolts c
may be brought to act on the warp bars of a twist lace machine, such warp
bars being kept up to the sliding bolts c by springs, the warp bars having, in
fact, a tendency at all times to come back to their lowest position by their
springs, as is well understood. The sliding bolts c slide in the frame b, b, as is

page_text: shewn, and the nature. of such frame will readily be understood on examining
these Drawings. The back ends of the sliding bolts c rest against filling
pieces d, d, placed between the instruments Nos. 1 to 9, the filling pieces
being very similar to each other, the principle difference being the angular
under surfaces suitable for the filling pieces to be opened or separated readily
by the rising of their particular instrument; and these filling pieces be-
tween the instruments keep the instruments separate, as is shewn, and the
filling pieces slide in grooves in the frame b, and the springs which draw back
the warp bars move back these filling pieces so soon as the working surfaces
of their instrument or instruments are not between them. All the filling
pieces simply rest against the stems a of the instruments when the warp bar is
at its lowest position. The stems a, a, are each connected by a pin joint to a
rode, and such rod e has two notches e, es, formed thereon, by which such
rod is raised by the raising bar f, or lowered by the lowering bar g, such
raising and lowering bars being respectively in separate frames are moved in
the following manner:- is an axis, on which are fixed two lever beams i, j,
which are to receive a rocking motion with the axis h in any convenient
manner. To one end of each of these lever beams a connecting rod k is
attached by a pin joint, and the two rods k at their upper end receive
necks f¹ of the frame of bars f, so that that frame of bars f will be raised
and lowered by the up and down motions communicated to the connecting
rods k, and to the other ends of the lever beams are attached connecting
rods 7, which at their upper ends receive the necks g¹ of the frame of bars g,
by which that frame of bars g will be moved up and down, and the frames of
bars and 9 are retained in a horizontal position, and are guided in their up
and down movements their spindles and g³, respectively working in holes
in the framing carrying the apparatus, as is clearly shewn in the Drawings.
m, m, are series of wires one for each of the rods e, and each rod e is constantly
pressed against a projection' m' (formed on its wire) by a spring n, with a
tendency to force the wire of each rode toward the Jacquard barrel. And in
order that the Jacquard barrel may go away after it has made a selection, and
thus have time to change its card whilst the effect produced to the wires m (by
the last beat up) is being used in the machinery, there is apparatus to retain the
selection made by the cards on the Jacquard barrel, and this is accomplished
by means of a series of levers m², one to each row of wires m. These levers
are constantly pressed on by springs n', such levers moving in slots in the sliding
bar x, and they are kept correct in position by the bar y. The bar x, having
slots therein for the levers m, slides in brackets or guides, and the bar a is
connected to any movement of the machinery which will draw it.back before the

page_text: beating up of the Jacquard barrel, so as to leave the wires all free to be acted
on by the card on the barrel, and then the sliding bar a must be released and
thus allow of the levers by their springs to move so as to hold the wires in the
position to which they have been brought by the card on the barrel; then the
barrel may go back and change its card whilst the result of the previous
acting on the wires is being used in the machine. The Jacquard barrel r is
worked in the following manner :-It is carried by the arms 8, which move
on an axis s¹, as shown, and motion is communicated to these arms by a
connecting rod t, which receives motion in any convenient manner.
v is a
squaring board, which being kept up by springs v¹ under the barrel, the
barrel is retained from turning except at the proper intervals, and such turning
is effected by the hook u, which takes hold of a stud w, so that when the
barrel moves back the barrel turns a fresh surface to the wires and beats up
with a fresh perforated card. From the above description a workınan will
readily arrange apparatus for working the guide or warp bars of warp lace
machines or the other bars of lace machinery, arranging the distances through
which the instruments Nos. 1 to 9 are to act according to the end to be
effected thereby. It will be evident that the benefits derived from this part of
our Invention depends on the use of several pieces of different dimensions, which,
being combined in any order, give the sum of the parts combined. We do not,
therefore, confine ourselves to the exact rule of progression above given, so
long as three or more instruments of different dimensions are used capable of
combining together and of acting so as to offer the sum of the parts combined.
We will now describe the third part of our Invention, which has for its
object improvements in the construction and arrangement of the instruments or
apparatus for making warp fabrics, by which we are enabled, by using two
hook bars and dispensing with the presser bar, materially to simplify and
improve machinery used in the manufacture of warp fabrics. The machinery
arranged according to this part of our Invention, we prefer should so work
that the warp beam is placed above, and the guides or instruments for lapping
the threads are in a vertical position, the sinkers being in a horizontal position,
and the stems of the hooks which perform the parts of the stems of the
needles heretofore used are in a vertical position in place of a horizontal
position.

page_text: purpose of
the hook needles, because they perform the part heretofore performed by the
needles of the ordinary warp frame. These hooks a (in place of having long
elastic beards which are capable of being closed into a groove in the stem, as
in the ordinary needles) consist each of a stiff bent hook, the bent part being
short, and is not made suitable for being bent into a groove in the stem; but
the stem has still a groove formed therein, such groove being for the
receiving one of the hooks b, for, in this machine, in place of the work being
carried over and off the stems of the needles by the sinkers, the work is moved
on to the hooks b by the sinkers, and the hooks 6 carry the work off the hooked
needles a, leaving the last made loops on the hooked needles a, which are then
carried back on to the stems of the hook needles a, in order that there may
fresh lappings take place. These Drawings at Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6
show the various positions, the hook needles a, the hooks b, and sinkers
assume in producing the work. a' is the hook needle bar, which is fixed
across the machine, as is shewn, and the leads of hook needles are fixed
thereto, as is shown. ' is the bar to which the leads of hooks 6 are affixed.
This bar & is carried by arms 62, affixed to a spindle bar b, and the hook bar
receives motion, first, by its turning on axes at the ends; and secondly, by the
spindle bar b³ receiving motion and carrying with it the hook bar 6. The
hook bar 6¹ receives motion from the cams & on the shaft or axis c, and such
axis or shaft receives motion from a steam engine or other power by means of
a strap acting on the fixed drum or pulley d. Motion is communicated from
the cams to the levers , and from them by the connecting rods
the hook bar 6, the connecting rods be being attached at one end to the
levers by pin joints, and at the other end by pin joints to arms or projections
on the hook bar 6; by these means the book bar is caused to turn on its
own axes, and the hook bar bis caused to move towards and from the needle
hook bar a' by means of the cams 67 affixed on the shaft or axis c, such cams
acting on the arins 6s affixed to the spindle bar'; all which will readily be
traced on examining the Drawings; and it will be seen that the levers are
constantly drawn upwards by springs so as to keep them in contact with their
cams. The sinkers e are of a peculiar form, differing from those generally
employed in warp machines, though similar ones have before been used.
These sinkers are fixed to the sinker bar e'. This bar is carried by the levers
f and g. The levers fare actuated by the cams f¹ fixed on the cam shaft c,
and the levers fare connected to the sinker bar e¹ by means of the connecting
rods f, which are attached by pin joints at their lower ends to the levers f
and at their upper ends they are attached by pin joints to the arms affixed to
the sinker bar e¹. The levers 9 are actuated by means of the cams g¹ on the
to

page_text: axis or shaft c, and the upper ends of the levers are attached to connecting
rods go to the sinker bar e', the connecting rods g² being attached by pin joints
to the levers, as shewn, and the other ends of the connecting rods are fixed to
the sinker bar e'. "The machine" is shewn to carry two guide bars, which
are to be worked by a cut of wheels or other pattern surfaces, as is well
understood, and there may be more guide bars employed, as in other warp
frames; or, if preferred, the guides or instruments may be independent instru-
ments worked by pattern surfaces, but the same forms no part of our Invention.
The necessary motion is given to "the machine" h, in order to cause the warp
threads to be lapped on to the hook needles, in the following manner :-
"The machine" is suspended on arms i, i, so that it may swing to and fro
thereon, in addition to the up and down motions communicated to "the
machine" by means of the arms i¹, ; and such motions are communicated to
"the machine" by means of the cams j, j, and k, k, affixed on the cam shaft c.
The cams give motion to the levers j', and those levers, by means of the
connecting rods, give motion to the arnis i, ¹; the connecting rods being
attached by pin joints at their upper ends to the arms i, , and at their lower
ends the connecting rods are attached by pin joints to the levers j¹, by which
means "the machine" is raised up and lowered down as required, and as is
indicated at Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. The swinging motion is communi-
cated to "the machine" by means of the cams k affixed to the cam shaft c.
such cams acting on the cranked levers k³, which, by means of connecting rods
give motion to "the machine;" such connecting rods being attached to the
levers by pin joints, and to "the machine" by pin joints. Motion is com-
municated to the guide or warp bars, carried by "the machine," by means of a
cam 7 affixed on the cam shaft c, such cam giving motion to the lever I', which
is kept up to the cam by a spring, as is shown. The lever gives motion to
the clawker m, which is kept up to the ratchet wheel n (on the lace wheel
axis) by a spring, as shown, and the rises and falls of the lace wheels act on
levers o, which are respectively attached by the connecting rods p to the guide
bars, and the guide bars are drawn on by the springs g, so that the upper ends of
the levers o constantly press against the surfaces of the lace wheels. We would
remark, that we do not claim any of the parts of this machinery separately nor
combined, other than the mode of arranging and working the hooks a, b, as
herein explained; and the other parts may be varied to any extent, so long as
such combination and mode of working of the hooks a and b be retained. And
we would remark, that we do not confine ourselves to the form of the hooks
or instruments b, so long as they are suitable to take the loops off the hooks α,

page_text: as herein described, and we believe the arrangement shown will be the best
for the purpose.
We will now proceed to describe the fourth part of our Invention, which
has for its object improvements in the machinery, for which, amongst other
things, Letters Patent were granted to the within-named John Fisher the
younger and James Gibbons, bearing date at Westminster, the Seventh day
of December, One thousand eight hundred and forty-four, for "Certain Im-
provements in the Manufacture of Figured or Ornamented Lace," or Net and
other Fabrics." In the Specification enrolled to such Letters Patent, the
machine was shewn arranged for producing one row of patterns at the same
time by a series of sets of instruments. Now the present improvements con-
sist of so arranging the machinery, that a series of rows of instruments may be
brought into action at the same time, so that a larger extent of surface may
be ornamented at the same moment. In the former machinery only one bar
for each description of instrument A, B, C, was employed, but by the present
arrangement any number of bars may be made into a frame for each description
of instrument, and then each frame will be worked in a similar manner, as
was described in respect to the single bar for each description of instrument
of the former Patent; but in this case the machinery for carrying the fabric
between the respective rows of patterns produced will be dispensed with, and
only such movement will be given to the fabric as is required between the
stitches and loops, as was described in the said former Specification.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS D.
The instruments A, B, C, for working with the ornamental threads are the
same as were described in the said former Specification, and they are to
receive like motion to those fully described in such former Specification. The
present Drawings show only so much of the machinery as will he necessary to
make the alterations now made fully understood; and a workman having made
himself fully acquainted with the machinery formerly described, and the
manner in which the one row of the sets of instruments work, will readily
understand the present Invention, and arrange the machinery so as to receive
several rows of each of the instruments in place of the one row formerly used
by us. And in order to facilitate the understanding of the parts shewn by the
present Drawings, we have marked the similar parts of them with the same
letters and figures of reference; and the description before given of the move-
ments of such parts receive, will apply for the most part to the apparatus
shewn in the present Drawings, the workman keeping in mind, that in place of

page_text: a single row of sets of instruments across the machine, there are to be a series
of rows of instruments to work at the saine time. In the present machine, in
place of the fabric being wound on rollers d, d, as was formerly described in
the said Specification, the fabric is fastened in a quadrangular frame d, d,
which is to have the same motions between the stitches as was described in
the said former Specification, but not the other motions of unwinding and
winding the fabric from one roller on to the other; and the motion between
the stitches, is to be obtained by the same means as were formerly described;
and in place of the fabric being only supported at u, u, for one row of the sets
of instruments, the fabric will be supported at several intervals u, u, by fixed
bars u, as is shewn by blue lines in the present Drawings, so that the fabric.
may be well supported where the several rows of sets of instruments perform
their work. The frame d (in which the piece of fabric to be worked is fixed)
obtains its longitudinal and transverse movements by means of screws, in the
same manner as the rollers d, d, were moved, and as was fully described in the
said former Specification. In the present machinery the arrangement shown is
for working with eight rows of instruments, and therefore each frame has eight
bars for their respective instruments A, B, C, in place of one row of each such
instruments, but the number of rows of instruments may be varied. It will be
evident, that as each of these instruments A, B, C, is to perform in the same
manner as was described in the said former Specification, the frames of bars
A, B, C, are to have like motions communicated to them as were formerly
communicated to the single rows of the same instruments, and we have shown
by the present Drawings that such motions are to be communicated to the
frames of rows of instruments from the same sources of movement (the various
cams) as were described in the said Specification; and the changes necessary
for accomplishing this end are principally those which the suspending of the
respective frames of instruments bring about, and which will readily be traced
in the present Drawings; and in ascertaining these the workmen will be
aided by the parts of the present machinery (which work to produce the same
results were formerly described), being marked with the same letters and
figures of reference as formerly, aided by the description written on the parts
of the Drawings which point out the nature of each of the views shown by the
present Drawings; and the principal difference will be found in the mode
of suspending the frames of the bars C, B'; for in the present machine they
are suspended by a series of arms on the axes C, B³, in place of those
axes carrying spindle bars, the object being that the arms on the respective
axes and which carry the frames B³, C³, may pass between each other,
so as to come over the centres of their frames, which they could not have

page_text: conveniently done if these arms carried spindle bars and the frames had been
suspended to such spindle bars as formerly described in respect of the single
bars B, C. In order to keep the frames of bars each in a horizontal position
when rising and falling, we apply links Bb, C, one end of each link moving
on an axis by the framing, and the other end of each link being respectively
attached by a pin joint to its frame, and the frames are guided in their
movements by necks or projections B", C", at their ends, which move between
suitable guides. The frame of bars A¹ receives its motion in a similar manner
to that described in the former Specification in respect to the bar A¹, but it
has four guide bars A working in suitable brackets or guides, as shewn, to
cause the frame A¹ to rise and fall correctly. From the above description,
aided by the Drawings, a workman will readily be enabled to construct a
machine similar to what was described in the said former Specification, but
having the capability of working several rows of ornamented pattern with
several rows of the sets of instruments A, B, C, according to our present
improvements, in place of only working one row at a time, as was formerly
described.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we would have it understood that what we
claim is,―
First, the mode of manufacturing lace or net in twist lace machines, by
employing moveable combs or bolts in spaces left between the breadths of lace,
as herein described.
Secondly, we claim the mode of using instruments for changing patterns in
lace machinery, whereby three or more parts, each of different dimensions to
the other, may be combined in any order, so as to produce the sum of the
parts for the time being combined, and which we believe is best carried out
by observing the rule of geometrical progression, as herein described.
Thirdly, we claim the mode of arranging and working the parts a and b for
making warp fabrics, as herein described. And,
Fourthly, we claim the arranging instruments A, B, C, in several rows, in
place of a single row, so that several rows of pattern may be produced at the
same time.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Fisher the younger, and James
Gibbons, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Tenth day of
December, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
JOHN (L.s.) FISHER, Jo*.
JAMES (Ls.) GIBBONS.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Tenth day of December, in
the year of our Lord 1845, the aforesaid John Fisher the younger, and
James Gibbons, came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery,
and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein
contained and specified, in form above written. And also the Specification
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made for that
purpose.