Im- PROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Abraham Mitchell and Joseph Mitchell, of Bradford,
in the County of York, Spinners and Manufacturers, and Benjamin
Emmerson, of the same Place, Overlooker, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Abraham Mitchell, Joseph
Mitchell, and Benjamin Emmerson at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 13th April 1860.
We, ABRAHAM MITCHELL and JOSEPH MITCHELL, of Bradford, in the County
of York, Spinners and Manufacturers, and BENJAMIN EMMERSON, of the same
Place, Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to that class of looms for weaving, wherewith change
shuttle boxes are employed; and our improvements consist in constructing,
combining, and arranging parts or mechanism in such manner that we are
enabled to weave pick and pick of different colours; also one, two, or more
picks of one colour, and one, two, or more picks of another colour, in combi-
nation with plain weaving, thus producing such varied effects or designs as
may be desirable.
To effect which purpose, we employ two change boxes at
each end of the lay or lathe, which are caused to change simultaneously by
means of a griffe lever attached or applied at one end of the loom, and actuated
by a double tappet affixed on the tappet shaft. Two other levers are attached
to the loom, and having rods at one end connecting with the change boxes,
and to the other are attached hooked rods, which are brought into contact with
the griffe lever by peg laggs, jacquards, or other suitable indicating apparatus

page_text: for operating the change boxes. We also apply double picking noses to the
picking wheels, so arranged, that both picking sticks are actuated at the same
time.
Another lever or combination of levers and rods are employed and actuated
by the aforesaid griffe lever when brought into contact therewith by indicating
means for throwing out of gear or contact the weft fork with the stop motion,
so that the loom may not be stopped when the shuttles are both at the same
end of the lay, and consequently no weft across the fork grates; also, in
applying a lever to the loose reed of looms, which, when a shuttle stops in the
shed, actuates a pawl or catch, bringing such into contact with a rachet wheel
affixed on the crank shaft of the loom, and actuating a lever which operates
the stop motion, and thus instantly stopping the motion of the loom and
preventing damage to, the warp threads.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Abraham Mitchell, Joseph Mitchell, and Benjamin Emmerson,
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th October 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ABRAHAM
MITCHELL, and JOSEPH MITCHELL, of Bradford, in the County of York, Spinners
and Manufacturers, and BENJAMIN EMMERSON, of the same Place, Overlooker,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her reign.
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Abraham Mitchell, Joseph Mitchell, and Benjamin Emmerson, Her special
license that we, the said Abraham Mitchell, Joseph Mitchell, and Benjamin
Emmerson, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said Abraham Mitchell, Joseph Mitchell, and Benjamin Emmerson, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon
the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Abraham Mitchell, Joseph
Mitchell, and Benjamin Emmerson, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,

page_text: should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Abraham Mitchell, Joseph Mitchell,
and Benjamin Emmerson, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say) :—
This Invention relates to that class of looms for weaving wherewith change
shuttle boxes are employed, and our improvements consist in constructing,
combining, and arranging parts of mechanism in such manner that we are
enabled to weave pick and pick of different colours; also one, two, or more
picks of one colour, and one, two, or more picks of another colour, in combi-
nation with plain weaving, thus producing such varied effects or designs as
may be desirable. To effect which purpose we employ two change boxes at
each end of the lay or lathe, which are caused to change simultaneously by
means of a griffe lever attached or applied at one end of the loom, and actuated
by a double tappet affixed on the tappet shaft; two other levers are attached to
the loom, and having rods at one end connecting with the change boxes, and
to the other are attached hooked rods, which are brought into contact with the
griffe lever by peg lags, jaeguards, or other suitable indicating apparatus for
operating the change boxes. We also apply double picking noses to the picking:
wheels, so arranged that both picking sticks are actuated at the same time.
Another lever or combination of levers and rods are employed and actuated:
by the aforesaid griffe lever when brought into contact therewith by any indi-
cating means for working the stop motion. We also apply a lever to the loose
reed of looms, which, when a shuttle stops in the shed, actuates a pawl or catch,.
bringing it into contact with a rachet wheel affixed on the crank shaft of the
loom, and thus instantly stopping the motion of the loom and preventing
damage to the warp threads.
In order that this our said Invention may be clearly understood, we have-
given reference to an accompanying Sheet of Drawing, in which Fig. 1 is an
end elevation of an ordinary loom, or such parts thereof as are necessary. to.
shew the application of our Invention; Fig. 2 is a front elevation; and Fig..3.
is a plan of a portion of the same.
A and A¹ are ordinary oscillatory change boxes, at each end of the lathe.
shewn in cross section at Fig. 1; B is the griffe lever on a stud-a, and having.
a friction pulley b resting upon a double tappet C, fixed on the tappet shaft ;
D, E, are levers hinged on a stud c, attached to the loom end; and d, e, are rods

page_text: connecting the said levers with a beam lever F, from which are straps f and f',
for communicating motion to the change boxes A. The lever F is fixed on a
shaft F, which extends to the other end of the loom, and on which is fixed
another beam lever G, to which are attached straps g and g', connecting the
same with the change boxes A¹; H is a cylinder with a chain of lags with
pegs therein h, which are portable, and arranged so that they will act on the
hooked rods h¹ and h² at proper times to place them in position to be taken
hold of by the turned end of the griffe lever B, which will lift the said rods
and change the shuttle boxes, as required, at both ends of the loom simul-
taneously in either the same or contrary way or direction, according as the
straps ƒ and g are connected thereto, which straps may be either directly con-
nected to the said boxes, or operated by means of cam levers and conical
rollers, as shewn in the Specification of a Patent granted to Joseph Davy and
John Milnes, dated March 10th, 1856, No. 586; which Specification also
refers to and claims parts of mechanism which are employed in this our
combination.
Having described the means employed for operating or changing the shuttle
boxes, we will now proceed to describe the other parts of our Invention.
I, are the picking wheels having two noses i on each, and which are both
set so as to operate the picking levers at the same time, consequently, if there
were to be a shuttle in the box at each end of the lathe at the same time, they
would be picked together and meet in the middle of the shed, but we so
arrange the pegs on the lags h, and by having two pins in the "noggin wheel" J,
which turns the star wheel K, and consequently the cylinder H, on which it is
fixed, one lag at every pick, that the boxes are always changed, so as to have
one empty at every pick. And to prevent the loom being stoped by the weft
motion when two shuttles are picked from one end of the loom in succession,
we work the weft hammer by the peg lags actuating the hooked rod h³, bringing
it into contact with the griffe lever B, which lifts and operates a lever L, to
which is connected a rod attached to a lever l, fixed on a shaft l³, on which
is fixed another lever 1 with a pin 1, fitting into a slot in the weft hammer M,
which is thus operated only at the time required. And to prevent entanglement
of the weft threads when two shuttles are picked from one end, we employ a
fork, in which is lifted by a string m¹ from a lever m², fixed
and replaced or lowered into the lathe bed by a spring m³.
damage to the warp threads if a shuttle should stop in the shed, we fix a ratchet
wheel N on the crank shaft, and a pawl or catch n¹ hinged on a stud n² fixed
in the loom end, and held out of gear by a rod n³, in which is a notch resting
on the lever n', which is kept up to the rod by a spring n³, and is pressed down
on the shaft F¹,
Also to prevent

page_text: to release the catch by a lever n affixed on the shaft n', to which the lever n
attached to the cliff or flap of the loose reed p is fixed, which is forced out of
place where a shuttle stops in the shed. Fig. 4 is a full size elevation of the
"noggin plate" J, shewing two pins j, for actuating the star wheel K, which
are left out of Fig. 1 in order to shew the other parts; Figs. 5 and 6 are
details of the rod n³ and lever n', shewing more clearly the notch in the rod.
Having thus fully described the nature of this our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is performed, we would have it distinctly understood
that we do not claim all the parts of mechanism herein referred to, as some
parts are claimed in the Specification of the Patent herein-before referred to;
we therefore disclaim those parts, nor do we confine ourselves to the particular
details or the precise construction and arrangements of other parts as set forth;
but what we claim is,-
Firstly, the construction, combination, and general arrangement of mechanism,
substantially as herein,described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings.
Secondly, the application and use of the double tappet for operating the
change boxes at both ends of the loom simultaneously.
Thirdly, the application and use of double picking noses for picking at both
ends of the loom at the same time.
Fourthly, working the hammer of the stop motion by means of peg lags, or
other similar indicating apparatus.
Fifthly, the application and use of a ratchet wheel and pawl, operated by
the loose reed for instantly stopping the loom when a shuttle stops in the shed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Benjamin Emmerson, for and on behalf
of myself and the said Abraham Mitchell and Joseph Mitchell, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
BENJAMIN EMMERSON. (L.S.)
30 Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Benjamin Emmer-
son, in the presence of
WM. TASKER, Patent Agent,
Halifax.