An Improved Method and Arrangement for Preventing Smoke in Boiler or other Furnaces.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 25th May, 1899 -Accepted, 29th July, 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Method and Arrangement for Preventing Smoke in
Boiler or other Furnaces.
I, MAX SEIFERT, of Brettnig, Saxony, in the Empire of Germany, Merchant
and Weaving Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to an improved method and arrangement for preventing
smoke in furnaces especially boiler furnaces and belongs to that class of arrange-
ments in which air warmed by means of a radiator is introduced to the fire gas.
Differing from similar known arrangements: in the present invention the radiator
is arranged in front of the fire bridge and is covered or closed towards its front,
and is at its lower edge in connection with the space underneath the grate and
the heated air streams into the fire through a channel arranged at the height
of the fire bridge at an angle of 40° to 50°.
By this arrangement the air sufficiently warmed and of sufficient quantity and
mixture comes in contact with the fire gases at the right moment, which is an
important difference from apparatus in which the upper air is introduced per-
pendicularly above or behind the fire bridge into the narrowed space above
the fire bridge.
The introduction of the strongly heated air at an angle opposite to the draught
of the fire gas into the combustion chamber in front of the fire bridge, has the
advantage over the introduction into the narrow space above the bridge, inasmuch
as thereby the formation of soot is prevented in the combustion chamber direct,
that is, the extraction of carbon from the carburetted hydrogen gas not sufli-
ciently mixed with hot air is prevented so that when arrived in the fire bridge
space itself, the heated air has the desired purpose.
The danger that this soot formation should happen, in consequence of defective
air introduction is much greater before the fire bridge space as experience has
shown. The augmented mixture with heated air in the fire bridge space will be
sufficient to burn the carbon of the unburnt carburetted hydrogen not yet trans-
formed into soot, but not the soot already formed. The arrangement of the
present invention causing an intimate mixture of the fire gas and of the still
unburnt finely divided carbon with the strongly heated air to be introduced direct
into the combustion chamber, prevents the formation of soot before the fire bridge
and facilitates thus the smoke prevention by creating the greatest heat in the
fire bridge space. Furnaces wherein the upper air already before the fire bridge
is led into the combustion room through a grate before the fire bridge,
have, not to speak of the fact that the smoke preventing apparatus and
the grate are usually in one piece, the disadvantage, that care is taken
for introduction of the upper air before the fire bridge space at the right
time but not that the air is sufficiently warmed and penetrates the fire gas
sufficiently.
The elevation of the otherwise free grate is not sufficient to obtain the desired
effect, but has only the effect that the air streaming out of a number of openings

page_text: settles down in one layer above this part of the grate and fire bridge, and, mixing
with the lower part of the smoke gas effects there the combustion of the finely
divided carbon of the carburetted hydrogen whilst the upper layers of the
escaping fire gas remain untouched, and a soot formation is there produced.
In the present invention the warmed upper air does not stream divided upon a
great space from the radiator placed before the fire bridge but penetrates
immediately underneath the upper edge of the fire bridge in the width of the
furnace, in a stream directed obliquely against the draught of the fire gas, into
the fire gas.
The radiator itself forms nozzle like working channels with inlet
openings enlarged with respect to the outlet openings and its front plate pro-
vided with ribs and standing nearly perpendicularly, assures a sufficient warming
of the upper air stream penetrating obliquely the whole space to the wall of the
flame tube.
The inclination of the angle in which the air channels end at the upper edge
of the fire bridge, is made according to the conditions of the draught as it should
be less for a strong draught in the direction of the fire gas, than for a relative
weak draught.
An exchange of the radiator is done easily and independently of the grate and
without greatly disturbing the working of the furnace.
The exchange or renewal is only required when the front plate is totally burnt
through.
The annexed drawing shows a form of construction of the invention arranged
for interior furnaces, and in which Figure 1 is a vertical section and Figure 2 a
front view.
The radiator which, as represented rests suitably with its solid front plate b
upon the grate bars a or on the hind bearing bar, is open below and allows the
passage between its ribs c d of different widths at the sides, and directed obliquely
upwards, of the upper air, which during this passage is intensely heated and which
goes through the oblique channel e into the combustion chamber.
In order to obtain a strong continuous draught the lower air inlet opening
opposite the outlet opening is widened, so that the single channels operate like
nozzles.
The abutment of the radiator towards the fire bridge f whereon it leans, is
effected by means of a plate g.
The fire bridge is suitably cut out at the front upper edge at . The heated
air meets the fire gas in the direction of the arrows in order to pass, intimately
mixed with the same to the space above the fire bridge.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
An improved method and arrangement for preventing smoke in boiler, and
other furnaces in which by means of a radiator arranged in front of the fire
bridge, and covered or closed in front, and in connection below with the chamber
underneath the grate; intensely heated air is introduced into the combustion
room in front of the space above the fire bridge, and at an angle opposite to the
draught direction of the fire gases, for which purpose the air channels nozzle like
formed by the ribs of the radiator terminate in a universal channel provided
underneath the upper edge of the front face of the fire bridge, said channel being
arranged at a suitable angle.
1
001
1
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1000
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London.