Improvements in and relating to Smoke Consuming Furnaces,
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Smoke Consuming Furnaces,
I, CHRISTIAN BOLZ, of Ujvasarter 17-18, Budapest, in the Kingdom of
Hungary, Chief Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:
-
The present invention relates to an improved smoke consuming furnace for flame
tube boilers of all kinds, which can be regulated and wherein the combustion air
mixed with steam and warmed to a high temperature (the firing and ash door
being tightly closed) by a special installation and with exactly regulated pressure
can be passed in either as undergrate blast or only as overgrate blast (through the
fire bridge) or in both ways, and wherein during stoking of the fire the under blast
is automatically stopped whilst upper blast is blown in and after the charging is
finished the upper blast stops and in the same proportion the under grate blast
is automatically blown in again.
In this furnace the grate is arranged in the known manner in the flame tube
and the fire door and ash door are usually tightly closed, so that air can enter
there. The fire bridge forms a half cylindrical ring tapering backwards and is
hollow filling the flame tube section. This hollow body consists of 3 parts;
first, the hollow horizontal middle box carrying the fire bridge and the hinder
grate bar ends; secondly, vaulted thereon the half cylindrical smoke consumer
and; thirdly, the blast distributing box carrying both former parts. All the
three parts communicate together, the first directly with the second at the joining
spots by openings and the first with the third by a horizontal opening in the
latter. The blast distributor has also in its front wall a vertical opening com-
municating with the ash pit. By a valve arranged in the blast distributor movable
round a horizontal axle, the one or the other of the openings can be closed accord-
ing as the valve is put horizontally or vertically. The combustion air mixed with
steam goes through a pipe, passing in the flame tube and heated by the out going
combustion gas. By means of the injector blowing steam into the air and drawing
the latter along at the same time it passes under regulated pressure and strongly
warmed into the blast distributor and from there either through the vertical
opening as under grate air feed into the ash pit or as upper blast through the
smoke consumer above the fire bridge; the latter is provided at its inner side
with a plurality of cross slits out of which the upper blast passes radially directed
a little backwards so that it reaches all parts of the space traversed by the fire
gas and formed by the smoke consumer above the fire bridge.
At the same time a part of the hot secondary air passes through the openings
in the front wall of the blast distributor above the grate in the form of a hot air
steam veil. The hot. steam air (upper grate blast) is only used when the fire is
charged. When the fire door is opened the opening to the ash pit is closed entirely
by the valve aforesaid and the developed gas which must pass the zone raked by
the hot upper grate blast is there entirely burnt. When the fire door is closed
after charging the upper blast ceases and the under grate blast begins again, the

page_text: valve leaving the ash pit opening closes the other opening to the upper air blast
chamber. For this purpose the valve is coupled by suitable levers and rods or
the like with the fire door so that on opening the fire door the valve is brought
into a vertical position and on closing the fire door the valve is brought again
into a horizontal position.
Doted this t
1000
Improvements in and relating to Smoke Consuming Furnaces.
I, CHRISTIAN BOLZ, of Ujvásártér 17-18, Budapest, in the Kingdom of
Hungary, Chief Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-.
tained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to an improved smoke consuming furnace for
flame tube boilers of all kinds or for other purposes which can be regulated and
wherein the combustion air mixed with steam and warmed to a high temperature
(the firing and ash door being tightly closed) can be passed in by a special instal-
lation and with exactly regulated pressure either as undergrate blast, or only
as overgrate blast (through the fire bridge) or in both ways and wherein, during
stoking of the fire, the under blast is automatically stopped whilst the upper blast
is blown in, and after the charging is finished the upper blast stops, and in the
same proportion the under grate blast is automatically blown in again. This
furnace arranged for smoke consuming firing can also be used for ordinary firing.
The annexed drawing shows the improved furnace as applied to various generally
used boilers.
Fig. 1 is a flame tube boiler, in vertical longitudinal section, showing the same
in position during charging.
Fig. 2 is a section on line - of Fig. 1 in front view.
Fig. 3 a section on line y-y of Fig. 1 in back view.
Fig. 4 shows the front of the furnace (fire door and ash-pit etc.)
Fig. 5 shows the smoke consuming furnace in its application to a marine
boiler.
Fig. 6 shows the same with an ordinary cylindrical boiler.
Fig. 7 is a section on the line 2-z of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 shows a modification of this arrangement for water tube boilers.
In the flame tube boiler furnace (Figs. 1-4) the grate a is arranged in the
known manner in the flame tube b and the fire door c and ash pit d are usually
tightly closed so that air cannot enter there. The fire bridge e forms a half
cylindrical ring f tapering backwards and is hollow, filling the flame tube section.
This hollow body consists of 3 parts, first the hollow horizontal middle chamber h
carrying the fire bridge and the hinder grate bar ends; secondly, vaulted thereon
the half cylindrical smoke consumer h¹ and thirdly the blast distributing chamber h²
carrying both former parts. All three parts communicate together, h directly
with hat the connections by the opening i (Fig. 3) and with the blast
distributor by a horizontal opening in the latter. The blast distributor h²
has also in the front wall a vertical opening communicating with the ash pit d.
By a valve arranged in the blast distributor h2, and movable round a horizontal
axle, the one or the other of the openings i¹ or 2 can be closed accordingly as
this valve is brought into a horizontal or vertical position.

page_text: The combustion air mixed with steam goes through a pipe k passing along the
flame tube and heated by the out going combustion gas. The air is fed by
means of an injector blowing steam into the air and drawing the latter along at
the same time. It passes under regulated pressure and strongly warmed, into
the blast distributor h² and from there either through the vertical opening as
under grate blast into the ash pit d or as upper blast through the smoke
consumer h¹ above the fire bridge e; the part h is provided at its inner side with
a plurality of cross slots (see Figs. 1 and 2) out of which the upper blast passes
radially, directed a little backwards so that it reaches all parts of the space f
traversed by the fire gas and surrounded by the smoke consumer h¹ above the fire
bridge e.
At the same time a part of the hot secondary air passes through the openings q
in the front wall of the smoke consumer h¹ above the grate in the form of a hot
air steam veil, which is important for the smoke consumption especially after the
fire has been recharged with fuel.
The hot steam air (upper grate blast) is only used when the fire is charged, that
is, in the case shown in Fig. 1. When the fire door c is opened the opening
to the ash pit is closed entirely by the valve and the developed gas which must
pass the zone f traversed by the hot upper grate blast is there entirely burnt.
When the fire door is closed after charging, the upper blast ceases, and the under
grate blast begins again, the valve leaving the opening and closing the
opening For this purpose the valve ¹ is coupled by suitable levers and
rods mm m³ m3 m² with a cord or chain n connected with the fire door e so that
on opening the latter the valve j¹ is brought into a vertical position closing the
opening 2
Also coupled with this operative mechanism for the valve j¹ is the heavy piston
of a vertical air cylinder p; by means of its rod o so that when the valve j¹ is
moved into a vertical position this piston is lifted and the air in the cylinder p
is expelled. If the fire door is closed the piston o descends by its own weight
slower or c
quicker accordingly as a suction valve above it for air introduction is
more or less charged, by means of the operative mechanism mim¹ m² m³ m³ it again
puts the valve gradually into its horizontal position. In the mean time most
of the smoke originated by charging the fire has been consumed by the upper
blast, whereupon the remainder is entirely burnt by the under grate blast and by.
one or more fireclay blocks r, arranged in arch form behind the smoke consumer
in the flame tube.
For marine boilers this smoke consuming arrangement must be modified as
shown in Fig. 5 as follows.
The distributing box in the herein before described example whereinto the air
is forced, is here replaced by a chamber within the fire door c which by a
vertical opening 2, behind or within the ash pit closing door e, communicates
with the ash pit d, and by a horizontal opening with a pipe k passing through.
the ash pit to the chamber h. The regulating valve j actuated by means of the.
rod m2 is here displacable to the front and so arranged that it closes either the
one or the other of the openings or according as it is put horizontally (for
under grate blast) or vertically (for upper grate blast). It may be provided with
the regulating arrangement shown in Fig. 1. The chamber is here like the
middle chamber h of the former arrangement, carrying the before described smoke.
consumer. But here the chamber h at the bottom of the reversing flue u of
the marine boiler is so arranged that it closes the lower half of the flame tube'
end whilst the smoke consumer with the fire bridge e and the passage f is
arranged in the upper half of the flame tube end b. By this arrangement the same
effect is produced in marine boilers as in the before described arrangement. The
arrangement for ordinary cylinder boilers shown in Figs. 6 and 7 differs less from
that first described. The form of the smoke consumer h¹ has been altered in a
nanner suitable to the boiler b and the firing chamber a¹. Also the metallic
listributing chamber as well as the middle chamber are here replaced by masonry.,

page_text: carrying the smoke consumer ¹ and the fire bridge e; in this masonry a chamber ³
is made into which the air and steam enter by pipe k. The regulating valve j¹
is arranged herein and can be actuated by means of the rod m³, as in Fig. 1 or
simply by hand and it leads the steam and air through the channel or into
the smoke consumer h¹ or under the grate a.
The tight closing of the ash pit door c¹ is effected here by water which lies in
a trough forming the bottom of the ash pit d and into which there dips the lower
edge of the valve like ash pit door c¹.
Somewhat similar is the arrangement shown in Fig. 8 for water tube boilers.
But there the smoke consuming hood is suppressed and replaced by the narrow
blast channels passing through the projecting fire bridge and coming from the
chamber wherein again the regulating valve is arranged by means of which
the steam and air introduced through the pipe k can be passed to the fire either
through the channels as upper blast or through the channels as under blast.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
.
An automatic smoke consuming furnace for boilers of all kinds wherein the
combustion air is drawn or forced by an injector or ventilator, mixed with steam,
and superheated by the placing of its feed pipe k in the flame tube or flue and is
by means of a distributor h² caused to enter above the fire bridge e during stoking,
but when the same is finished and the fire door is closed is caused to change
gradually into under blast or which can be blown in as desired as under or upper
blast, characterised especially:-
i
1. In flame tube boilers by a three part hollow body h¹² closing the flame
tube behind the grate a; the lowest part of this hollow body forming the air
distributing chamber whereinto the steam and air flows through the pipe k
and is sent by means of a valve jl from there as under blast through an opening
into the ash pit d or through the opening as upper blast into the horizontal
hollow middle chamber h carrying the fire bridge e wherefrom it passes to the
vaulted semi-cylindrical smoke consumer h¹ and thence into the backwardly
narrowed passage f, by suitable cross slits 7 from its inner vault, so as to penetrate
radially into the passing fire gas.
C
2. By the lever transmission mm² m² m² m² which couples the valve with
the cord or the like a actuated by the fire door c and with a dash-pot or regulator p
which can be adjusted so that on opening the fire door c before charging the fire
the valve closes at the same time the under blast and opens the upper blast;
on closing the fire door e the valve is only gradually restored to its previous
position, so that the upper blast is stopped and the under blast opened.
3. By the modification of the smoke consuming furnace described in Claim 1
for marine boilers wherein the blast distributing box with the regulating valve j¹
is placed in the fire front, the distributing box being formed as a hollow chamber
surrounding the firing opening c, which can in the same manner by means of the
regulating valve j, as in Claims 1 and 2, be automatically brought into com-
munication with the ash pit d or by the pipe k led through the latter to the
chamber arranged on the end of the flame tube band in the lower part of the
reversing flue u of the marine boiler carrying the smoke consumer
4. By the modification of the furnace described in Claim 1 for ordinary cylinder
boilers so that middle box and distributor are replaced by masonry carrying the
smoke consumer and the fire bridge e, the steam and air passing by means of
the passage into a chamber arranged in the masonry and therefrom by means
of the regulating valve as before through a channel as upper blast into the
smoke consumer or through the channel as under blast into the ash pit .
5. By the modification of the construction described in Claim 4 for water tube
boilers wherein the smoke consumer ¹ is suppressed and instead the channel
is divided into narrow blast channels passing through the fire bridge e which

page_text: blow the upper blast strongly heated in the fire bridge directly into the
fire gases.
6. By the combination with the devices above claimed with the water closing of
the ash pit door c¹.
Dated this 23rd day of June 1899.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant, 18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London.