or Apparatus in Connection therewith.
Year: 1885

page_text: or Apparatus in Connection therewith.
I, ROBERT STONE, of 101 Leadenhall Street, in the City of London, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT AND IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS IN CONNECTION
THEREWITH," to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to effect improvements in the manufacture of
cement and in machinery or apparatus in connection therewith.
My invention consists of a special and novel method of and apparatus for treating
chalk or lime and river mud, or any other mixture of raw materials used in the
manufacture of cement. Instead of fitting up the wash mills in the usual manner
with revolving harrows having teeth on one side only of the arms of such harrows,
I use projecting teeth on both sides of the arms of the harrows; the advantage
of which arrangement is that the top teeth take hold of the material as it falls into
the wash mill, and at the same time the lower teeth are operating below. I also
fit horizontal rolls having projecting teeth fixed thereon of any suitable shape.
These rolls have the effect of crushing the material, while the revolving teeth have
the effect of disintegrating the materials. I sometimes for in the bottom of the
wash mill elliptical and fit chains to the harrows to enable them to follow and
accommodate themselves to such form. Inside and attached to the walls of the
wash mill or tank I fix teeth or projections of iron or other suitable metal which
catches the material as it is forced round the mill or tank, which has the effect of
disintegrating the materials and quickly pulverising it. After it is dissolved and
reduced to a fluid state and ground, I pass it into another similar tank or other
suitable tanks. This tank, or these tanks is or are also arranged with revolving
barrows or fixed teeth round the side of the tank or mill, in order to thoroughly
blend the materials in the centre of this tank or wash mill is an upright shaft on
which are fixed projecting arms either revolving or working to and fro or otherwise
operated whereby the material are always kept in motion, thus effecting a thorough
mixture and blending of the material, and preventing it from settling until it is
run on the drying floors, this object being important in the manufacture of cement,
and securing uniform of quality. In order to keep the bearings at the foot of the

page_text: upright shaft, which is in the centre of the mill or tank, free from slurry or dirt,
I provide an iron barrel, say of 2 feet diameter (more or less) with a stout bottom
bearing in which lower end of the shaft is seated. On the top of this barrel I fit
a close cover inade in two halves, which may be readily removed at any time for
cleaning out the barrel. The barrel has a supply of oil to ensure constant lubrica-
tion. I prefer to construct the wash mills of a large diameter, say 24 feet (more
or less) mounted with large friction wheels running on a steel rail.
In grinding the materials after it passes through the wash mills, and before
entering the blending tank or tanks, I use a grinding mill of a screw or other
suitable form for reducing the same.
From the foregoing description, it will be understood that by the use of my
Invention the rapid breaking up and blending of the materials is effected and a
high and uniform quality of cement is secured.
D
"
100K

page_text: or Apparatus in Connection therewith.
I, ROBERT STONE of 101 Leadenhall Street in the City of London, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of my invention is to effect improvements in the manufacture of
cement and in the machinery or apparatus in connection there with.
My invention consists of a special and novel method of, and apparatus for,
treating chalk or lime and river mud, or any other mixture of raw materials, used
in the manufacture of cement.
And in order that my said invention may be clearly described and ascertained,
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a plan and Fig. 2 a sectional elevation of my improved wash mill which
is usually made about 24 feet in diameter. it an upright shaft working in the
cylinder m. This cylinder is filled with oil, and has a fluid-tight cover n, formed
in two halves, whereby the shaft is kept well lubricated. The shaft carries a
casting o, having radial arms and sockets, into which the wooden arms p. p are
fitted. The outer ends of the arms p p fit into a toothed ring q, which is driven by
the wheel r. The ring q. is supported at suitable distances apart, by small
wheels 8, 8, running on a circular rail, as shewn. The harrows t t are drawn
round in the materials by means of chains, ropes, or rods, as shewn in Fig. 1.
These harrows have teeth in all directions, and the walls of the wash mill are
fitted with projections u u, to assist in breaking up the materials. The cylinder m
may be similarly fitted.
The materials are carried round, disintegrated and pulverized in the wash mill.
After it is thus worked it is passed into the blending mill shewn in sectional
elevation in Fig. 3. This mill will be understood from the drawing. The upright
shaft may be caused to revolve, or to receive a to and fro or reciprocating motion
whereby the material thoroughly mixed and blended and prevented from settling
until it is run on to the drying floors; this being important to secure uniformity
of quality.
In grinding the materials I make use of mills of various forms, as shewn in
Figs. 4 to 10. Fig. 4 is an end view of a pair of rollers, and Fig. 5 is a plan view
of the same.
The peripheries of these rollers are corrugated, as shewn. The axles
are so mounted that one or both of the rollers is capable of yielding to the pressure
of the material by means of shifting or adjustable bearings. Figs, 6, 7 and 8 shew
pairs of rollers having. peripheries of various forms, all which are fitted with
ordinary driving gear for causing them to revolve. Fig. 9 represents a pair of
parallel rollers, with a double concave bed plate v. Fig. 10 represents another

page_text: form of mill. The globe w has diagonal grooves or corrugations formed thereon, and
is mounted on a vertical axle x, the lower end of which is supported by an adjustable
block y and actuated by a pinion working in gear with the toothed wheel x¹. z is
the usual receptacle for the material to be ground, and ¹ is an opening for the
ground material to pass out.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
The method means and appliances together constituting my improvements in
the manufacture of cement and in machinery or apparatus in connection therewith,
substantially as hereinbefore described, and partly illustrated on the drawings.
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicant.