A NEW AND IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF A FLUE OR FLUES TO COMMUNICATE WITH THE VARIOUS PARTS OF CULINARY APPARATUS, SUCH AS STEAM, SOUP, OR WATER BOILERS, OVEN OR OVENS, HOT PLATE OR PLATES, HOT CLOSET OR CLOSETS, AND STEWING STOVE OR STOVES, TO RENDER THEM MORE COMPACT, AND TO APPROPRIATE PART OF THE SAID APPARATUS TO EFFECT OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1829

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
FRASER, of Limehouse, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-seventh day of January, in the ninth year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
James Fraser, His especial licence that I, the said James Fraser, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Fraser, my exe-
cutors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A NEW
AND IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF A FLUE OR FLUES TO COMMUNICATE WITH THE
VARIOUS PARTS OF CULINARY APPARATUS, SUCH AS STEAM, SOUP, OR WATER BOILERS,
OVEN OR OVENS, HOT PLATE OR PLATES, HOT CLOSET OR CLOSETS, AND STEWING
STOVE OR STOVES, TO RENDER THEM MORE COMPACT, AND TO APPROPRIATE PART OF THE
SAID APPARATUS TO EFFECT OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent
there is contained a proviso obliging me, the said James Fraser, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within two calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being there-
unto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Fraser, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, is described and ascertained in
the several figures and explanations of the two series of plans annexed to these
Presents, and numbered, first series, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and numbered,
second series, 1, 2, 3, and the following further explanation thereof (that is to
flue, when required, marked B, and of a damper to regulate the current
or draught, marked D. These flues are supposed to rest on the top of an oven
or ovens, and are between the boilers and the fire-place or fire-places, when
more than one are required. The damper D is so constructed that when it
closes one aperture it opens the other (as seen in No. 9), shutting up the ver-
tical fluc, preventing thus the passage of the draught upwards through A', and
compelling the current to pass in the direction of the arrows, as in No. 2, acting
round the air flue B above the oven and under the boilers, then entering the
aperture seen at the back of the perspective Drawing No. 9, which receives it
into the vertical vent on the right-hand side marked A, after having heated
the boilers. It is evident that when the damper D of No. 9 is turned down-
ward in the direction of the dotted lines the back aperture is then closed, the
draught or current will then turn up the vent A¹ direct, without heating the
boilers placed at the back of the said flues.
No. 2 shews a ground plan, the entire of which is an oven G, except that
space which forms the fire-place F, the ashpit under the fire-place F, and the
air flue B. When there are two firc-places in the larger apparatus, as seen
in No. 7, two ovens or roasters can be used for separate purposes at one and
the same time, and the ends and sides of the fire-places are formed by these
Thus will each oven have two of its sides applied to heat, or if more
convenient, to suit local situation, both fires may be placed on the same side.
No. 3 is a transverse section shewing the flue A from back to breast, also
the oven G, fire-place F, ashpit L, and having the damper turned up; the end
also of the boiling table or hot plate C, and the mode of ventilation from that
plate upwards, being a distinct flue from the soot flues A, thereby rendering it
impossible for the smoke or soot to come down or fall on the boiling table or
hot plate C.
No. 4 shews a front section dividing the flues by one division only. The air
flue is supposed sometimes not to be required. The damper D is here seen
closed.

page_text: No. 5 is a back view shewing the position of the boilers K, the dotted lines
shewing a passage to the air flue B, round which the heat and smoke play,
heating the air which it contains and the boilers at the same time.
No. 6 shews a boiling table or hot plate C on one side of the flues, and the
boilers K on the other, with the air flue B in the middle; D the damper, on
one side closed, and the flue A² open to receive the current after it has acted
on the boilers K.
No. 7 shews two fire-places F, and the position of two ovens G, with an oval
air flue B.
No. 8 is a perspective view when the arrangement of the apparatus is
finished, shewing by the dotted lines the ventilation from the boiling table or
hot plate, as seen at No. 3.
No. 9, when joined to the plate No. 10, is supposed to be divided by plates
into three flues,-that for air, when required, being in the centre; there is only
one division, as seen at No. 4, when no ventilating flue is required; but on
every occasion the ventilation from the boiling table or hot plate becomes highly
necessary and useful, as it conveys the heat and effluvia upwards.
SECOND SERIES.
AND FURTHER KNOW YE, that I, the said James Fraser, having above
described my new and improved arrangement of a flue or flues as applicable to
culinary apparatus of a portable description, or, in other words, culinary appa-
ratus made of metal and fixed en masse, in the first series, I, the said James
Fraser, do hereby further declare the nature of my said Invention in a second
series, and proceed to describe the structure of such articles as the flue or flues
correspond with in the construction of culinary apparatus on the most enlarged
and efficient scale, such as for public institutions and the houses of men of
rank and fortune, and thereby saving the consumption of fuel in the ratio of
more than one third.
No. 1, second series, supposes the jamb of a kitchen fire-place displaced in
order to shew the peculiar construction of a steam boiler for supplying hot
water or steam. B is the boiler; F is the fire-place; A is the ash pit; II is
the end view of a boiling table or hot plate; K is the aperture or vent on the
opposite side, through which the heat passes in order to heat the oven; I is
supposed to be the off jamb. The ash pit and fire-place doors are, for greater
convenience, placed in front. The boiler is made so as to form not only the
back of the fire, but also covers it to a considerable extent, so that a boiler
only twelve inches from back to breast has eighteen inches always exposed to
the fire, which is one half more than if the fire were applied to the entire
bottom thereof. The boiler so constructed has also the peculiar advantage of

page_text: being acted on by the fire from one side to the other without any flue passing at
the back thereof, thereby rendering accidents by fire less liable to occur, as the
excavations necessary to produce flues at the back have frequently damaged and
endangered the partitions or party walls of adjoining houses or buildings. There-
fore by this arrangement the boiling table or hot plate H, and the steam boiler
B, form two parts of a flue of a inost powerful and economical description.
No. 2, second series, is a front view of No. 1. F is the fire-place; A is the
ash pit; O is the oven; C is the hot closet, the cross line a shelf therein, and
the dotted lines shew the flue whereby the heat passes off when the oven does
not require heating; and when any quantity of heated air is required or wanted,
the recipient on the left of the ash pit A is acted upon by heat after the manner
of the ovan O, which hot air in my portable or metallic apparatus herein-before
described in the first series can be carried with effect to any station within the
influence thereof.
No. 3, second series, shews a perspective view of the arrangement of the
kitchen apparatus complete, and the doors at the end where the jamb is removed'
are merely to shew that such doors can be employed either way, and a shelf can
also be placed above the boiling table or hot plate H to keep dishes and plates
hot. The ventilation from the boiling table or hot plate II, as well as to carry
the heat of the roasting apparatus upwards to the vent, as seen at No. 3 of the
first series, is practised in this series with effect, and in the most cleanly and
efficient manner, nor is it necessary to mention the effective property of this
boiler to generate steam to closets, heating apparatus, or culinary operations.
I, the said James Fraser, having now described the various parts of my new
and improved arrangement of a flue or flues, I do hereby further declare, that
the centrical flue or flues, as described in the first series, is that for which I claim
a Patent, and for the peculiar mode of the ventilating flues to which the soot
flues give energy, and for the flue or flues as before described giving such
immense power to boilers, ovens, and the roasting process, by traversing by the
said flue the entire space right or left, thus, when passing to the right,
embracing in its passage boiling, stewing, roasting, baking, broiling, or in short
any culinary operation, without allowing the fire to escape up the flue until it
has effected the before-mentioned purposes, or either of them, as the case may
require; and also for the distinct mode of ventilating the boiling table or hot
plate, as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Fraser, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Twenty-sixth day of March, in the year of our Lord One.
thousand eight hundred and twenty-nine.
g
JAMES (L.s.) FRASER.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twenty-sixth day of March,
in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid James Fraser came before our
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained, in form above written.
And also
the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute
in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the same Twenty-sixth day of March, in the year above written.

page_text: D
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No 7.
42d
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Section of Air and Soot flues with damper to regulate the Current as they stand over the Oven or Ovens and separate the boilers
from the hot plate
Horizontal flue, formed the upper surface of the Oven or Ovens on which they rest, the heat &c being attracted by the aperture where
the damper is placed to regulate the entrance into the vertical vent, or under the Boilers as occasion may require answering the purpose
of cutting off the communication between the Fire and Boilers.
Transverse Section showing the depth of the Flue from back to breast, the mode of ventilation from the hot plate upwards, with the Boi-
-lers at back also the Fire place Ash pit and end of Oven, with the damper shut, the dotted segment shews the track of the damper
as it falls to close up the passage under the boiler and opens the communication direct to the Flue
Front Section dividing the whole breadth into two Flues when the Air Flue is not required, there is but one division, the damper is seen
slaut, preventing the flue from acting upon the boiler, conveying thus the heat and smoke into the vertical flue marked 1, should the fire
place be on the opposite side the damper of course would be on the opposite side also.
.Is a back view having the boilers with the damper as seen at Nº3 leaving the aperture open to allow the heat to take the direction of
the arrows as seen at No2 thus allowing the whole heat to take a turn under the Boilers to regain the vent on the opposite side marked 2
Shews a Hot plate place over the fire with the Bailers on the same horizon, the damper in one flue, the other open, with the breadth
divided into three siz the flues on each side for smoke &c and the centre one for Air.
Shows a Plan with two fires and two Ovens the flues the same as before taking care to make both currents go in one direction, the
air flue is seen in the middle and may be carried from the hold of Ships separate as a tube or may form the same as marked, yel-
-low as in Nº1, the dotted lines shew the passage downwards.
Perspective view of Cooking apparatus when finished. A Soot Flue, D Damper H Oven Door KBoiler BAir Flue F Fire Place E Soot Door. L
Ash Pit CHat plate. GOven IFire Door m hinge of Damper or pivot or some such contrivance to shut up one aperture and at the same
time open
the other as seen at m Nº3.
Is a perspective view of flues which when joined at Nº 10 in front forms the whole complete having the Ovens for a base and the hot plate
resting on the dotted line Nº10.

page_text: India of a Steam Boiler having part appescil to the
bark of the Fire & part over it thachy incrausing the surface
in the least bilk the trend is a hot plate Tuated by the
same fire which proceedle onwards to the ether side to
heat an Ovau of any given dimmsions or heat water,
the thun an be made to pass of ab the fluiter.md of
the boiler whare, the dotteil lines are, without heating.
the Om
Is a fant view of N. 1 showing also a Recipient for
heating air, and the Fama doors are in all cases,
either marked, an end, stds, or front, as mcab omnial,
bang no part of the Putem; the Overy doons are
subjet to the same envation.