IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING LIQUID SEWAGE AND OTHER AMMONIACAL LIQUORS."
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Adolphe Pierre Vassard, of New Cross, in the
County of Kent, Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TREATING LIQUID SEWAGE AND OTHER AMMONIACAL LIQUORS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st November 1871.
I, ADOLPHE PIERRE VASSARD, of New Cross, in the County of Kent,
Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN TREATING LIQUID SEWAGE AND OTHER AMMONIACAL LIQUORS," to
bo as follows, that is to say:-
My Invention has for its object the treatment of liquid sewage and
other ammoniacal liquors in order to obtain therefrom precipitates which
may be used as manure or for other purposes.

page_text: In treating sewage I prefer to first separate the liquid from the solid
portions thereof by what is known as "the lime process," but my treat-
ment of the liquid portion as herein-after described is applicable thereto
without such separation.
According to my Invention I treat the liquid portion of sewage or
other ammoniacal liquors by submitting it or them to the action of two
chemical compounds which I introduce separately and consecutively.
The first of such compounds is a mixture of oxide of barium and
biphosphate of lime. The second of such compounds is a mixture of
chloride of magnesium and aluminate of soda. I employ these com-
pounds by preference in about the following proportions, videlicet :-In
the first compound of oxide of barium I use twenty parts, and of
biphosphate of lime one hundred and twenty parts. In the second
compound of chloride of magnesium I use one hundred parts, and of
aluminate of soda fifty parts. I can however replace in the first com-
pound the oxide of barium by the sulphide of barium, and the
biphosphate of lime by the common superphosphate of lime, or any
other soluble phosphate. In like manner I can replace in the second
compound the chloride of magnesium by the sulphate or any other
soluble salt of magnesia, and the aluminate of soda by lime or by any
other alkali or alkaline earth, or by the silicate of soda.
In replacing any or all of the agents preferably used in the formation
of my compounds by others as hercin-before stated, equivalent quantities
of such substitutes must be employed.
In carrying out my Invention I prefer that the liquid sewage should
flow through a channel of appropriate length and size into a second and
larger channel or reservoir which may be open at the end or otherwise.
While thus flowing I introduce near the head of the first-named channel
my first compound, which I mix up well with the liquid sewage, and
towards the outlet of the said channel I introduce my second compound,
mixing that also well up with the liquid sewage, which then flows into
the second channel or reservoir in which the insoluble particles thus
formed are precipitated and collected, the supernatant liquid being run
or drawn off and purified by any ordinary process.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard in the Great Seal Patent .
A070
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ADOLPHE
PIERRE VASSARD, of New Cross, in the County of Kent, Chemist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard, Her special licence
that I, the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard, my exccutors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard, my
exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, excrcise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN TREATING LIQUID SEWAGE AND OTHER AMMONIACAL LIQUORS," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immo-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
or
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement, that is to say :—

page_text: which may be used as manure and for other purposes, such precipitates
being, firstly, the salts contained in solution therein, and known as
carbonate, sulphate, lactate, and phosphate of lime, as well as the
carbonic, sulphuric, lactic, and phosphoric acids, either free or in
combination with alkalies or alkaline earths; secondly, the ammonia
contained in liquid sewage and other ammoniacal liquors, either free or
in combination with acids, which is deposited to such an extent as to
leave the supernatant water pure enough to be allowed to run or flow

page_text: the oxide of barium by the sulphide or other soluble salt of barium and
the biphosphate of lime, by the common superphosphate of lime or any
other soluble phosphate. In like manner I can replace in the second
compound the chloride of magnesium by the hypochloride or sulphate
or any other soluble salt of magnesia, and the aluminate of soda by lime
or hypochloride of lime, carbonate of magnesia, or by any other alkaline
earth by an alkali, or by silicate of soda.
In replacing any or all of the agents preferably used in the formation
of my improved compounds by others as herein-before stated, equivalent
quantities of such substitutes must be used.
In carrying out my Invention I prefer, when using the two compounds
herein-before stated in the manner first herein described, that the liquid
sewage or other ammoniacal liquors should flow through a channel of
appropriate length and size into a second and larger channel or reservoir
which may be open at the end or otherwise. While thus flowing I
introduce near the head of the first-named channel my first compound,
which I mix up well with the liquid sewage, and towards the outlet of
the said channel I introduce my second compound, mixing that also well
up with the liquid sewage, which then flows into the second channel or
reservoir in which the insoluble particles thus formed are precipitated
and collected, the supernatant liquid being run or drawn off and
deodorized by any ordinary process.
I have herein-before stated that I can use the chemicals forming my
first compound at two different times or separately, by which I obtain a
more certain result. In this case I prefer employing instead of the first
channel a series of small tanks or reservoirs, three or four in number,
which tanks are connected together by means of a small channel or
overflow in which the required chemical agents are introduced and
thoroughly mixed with the sewage, and when the liquid sewage has
been thus treated it is allowed to flow into the second channel or
reservoir, as herein-before described.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the best
mcans I am acquainted with of performing the same, what I claim is,
the use of oxide or sulphide of barium or other soluble salts of barium
in combination or in conjunction with biphosphate or superphosphate of

page_text: lime, together with a compound formed with the chloride of magnesium
or hypochloride of magnesia and aluminate of soda, for the treatment of
liquid sewage and other ammoniacal liquors, to obtain therefrom
pre-
cipitates as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Adolphe Pierre Vassard, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of April,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
two.
Witness,
W. A. GILBEE,
4, South St.,'
Finsbury.
A. P. VASSARD. (L.S.)