IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING WEIGHING MACHINES FOR WEIGHING GRAIN AND POWDER-LIKE MATERIALS, SUCH AS CORN, LINSEED, RICE, COFFEE, CHEMICALS, PLASTER OF PARIS, CEMENT, AND A
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, of the Firm of J. Brandt
and G. W. v. Nawrocki, of Berlin, in the German Empire, Engineers and Patent
Agents, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING WEIGHING
MACHINES FOR WEIGHING GRAIN AND POWDER-LIKE MATERIALS, SUCH AS
CORN, LINSEED, RICE, COFFEE, CHEMICALS, PLASTER OF PARIS, CEMENT, AND
A communication from Eduard Reisert, of Cologne, in the
THE LIKE.
German Empire.
Sealed the 4th January 1878, and dated the 10th July 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von
Nawrocki at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th July
1877.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W.
v. Nawrocki, of Berlin, in the German Empire, Engineers and Patent Agents.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING WEIGHING MACHINES FOR WEIGHING GRAIN AND
POWDER-LIKE MATERIALS, SUCH AS CORN, LINSEED, RICE, COFFEE, CHEMICALS,
PLASTER OF PARIS, CEMENT, AND THE LIKE." (A communication from Eduard
Reisert, of Cologne, in the German Empire.)
Weighing machines constructed according to this Invention are self-acting and
weigh the materials introduced without the aid of either human or any other power,
and at the same time they show on an index the weight of the quantity passed
through or weighed.
In the following description, for the sake of simplicity, corn only is referred to
On a forked beam with equal arms hangs from two small rods a metal vessel, 'which,
according to the size of the machine, can hold at once, say, 10, 20, 50, 100 pounds
or more of corn, and on the other side hangs a weight. This weight is so heavy that
it balances the metal vessel, plus contents of the material to be weighed.
The material to be weighed is introduced into the machine by a hopper, runs
first in a thick stream, then continually weaker and weaker, finally dropping, but
I Price 201

page_text: gently, into the metal vessel until this has been filled with the exact weight required,
and then the beam operates; the apparatus then suddenly stops the supply, and
empties the vessel; the next moment it opens again, letting in a fresh supply, and
so on. Each time the vessel is emptied is registered by the index in connection
with the machine, so that it can at any time be read off from the outside visible dial
of the index how much material within a certain time has passed through the
machine.
The opening and closing for the supply is performed by, for example, two valves.
The emptying of the vessel is produced by one valve, which turns on an axis;
weights fastened to the valve on the other side of the axis are made to close the
emptying valve after the vessel has been emptied. The vessel is furthermore
provided with a hook revolving on a pivot. When the emptying valve is closed a
thumb piece on the weight catches into this hook, and thus prevents the opening of
this valve while the material runs into the vessel.
Another thumb piece is, through an axis, in firm connection with another valve;
and, likewise, another thumb piece and lever, through an axis, in firm connection
with another valve.
As long as the vessel is empty, it is pressed upwards by a weight; the fork-shaped
beam lifts its valve by means of a lever. One of the two balance rods lifts its valve
by means of another lever. A projection on a lever is hooked into a bent lever.
This bent lever turns on a pivot fastened to the case, and has its centre of gravity
to the left of this pivot.
-
As the valves are both of them completely opened the material runs in a thick.
stream out of the hopper through the metal box into the weighing vessel. Even
before the complete unit weight has run into the vessel the balance will come into
motion, because the left side of the beam from which the weighing vessel hangs
down, besides being loaded with the vessel and its contents, is yet loaded with the
valve, as the thumb piece connected with it presses on to the left sides of the beam,
one valve then moves downwards with the vessel and keeps on so until it catches
on to the axis which runs through the case. The other valve, on the contrary,
cannot move as the lever connected with it is hooked firmly on to the bent lever by
means of the projection. As the valve which moves with the vessèl is now on the
axis the beam is no longer loaded with it, and this has lightened the left side of the
scale. The balance will consequently now again be at rest until so much material
has run into it that the whole unit weight has been reached. But a further supply
is prevented by the valve, except through the two half-round openings on the same,
which limits the supply to what passes through in only two fine streams. When in
this way the exact weight has been reached the balance beam turns quickly over
because of the middle edges of the balance beam being somewhat lower situated
than the two side edges; the pushing escapement hook of the weight will touch at
the regulator and unhook the lever. The lever and the valve connected with it will
quickly move forward, and the latter will completely stop the supply beneath the
metal box. This lever touches the thumb piece of the hook and gives the latter a
slight twist, so that the valve having lost its support is opened from the weight of
the material and empties the vessel.
When the corn has run completely away from the emptying valve the two weights
will again close it up, and it is again supported by means of the weight and the
hook.
When the weighing vessel is emptied it will again be pressed upwards by means
of the weight. But the thumb piece rests on the balance rod and will not allow the
balance to move upwards until the lever connected with it through the axis again can
resume its original position; the latter cannot however take place until the emptying
valve of the vessel has been closed. The lever will be arrested by the edge of the
hook until this hook has again made a slight turn to the right and the lower edge
of the lever passes by the hook. But this again is not possible before the supply
valve has again reached a horizontal position, the weight again has caught the hook,
and the vessel thus is closed.

page_text: Through the vessel moving upwards this valve will again be lifted by means of
the thumb piece, likewise the other corresponding valve and the lever connected
with it, which latter again hooks into the bent lever. The whole mechanism returns
to the original position, the supply of material to be weighed can be fed in
continuously, and the play of the balance begins anew. The fact that the opening
of the upper valve cannot take place before the close of the vessel valve beneath is
of great importance, as otherwise the material might run through unweighed.
An important point also in the mechanism is that the machine will stop by itself,
if the corn which has been weighed cannot escape from under the machine, as in
such case the corn after the vessel has emptied itself remains lying below the valve,
preventing it from closing. The re-opening of the two valves would in the same
way be prevented from taking place until the escape were made free and the valve
closed. Then the machine will go on working by itself as before. A hook serves
to arrest the motion of the machine. When its lever is pressed upwards the nose
of the said lever will catch firmly into the hook. In this case, too, the vessel cannot
ascend, and consequently the two valves cannot be lifted. The supply will therefore
be shut off and the movement of the machine interrupted until the lever is again
pressed downwards and the lever again unhooked.
A small drum on the, outside of the machine is only used when the machine is
applied to materials that do not flow so easily as corn; for instance, ore or powder-
like masses. In such case a roller is kept in constant motion through this small
strapped drum aforesaid, thus preventing a stoppage of the supply.
To prevent the vessel and the counterweight through the play of the balance
from oscillating, which might influence the accuracy of the weighing, both vessel
and weight are provided with stops, which after each emptying of the vessel bring
to rest both the vessel and the weight, so that during loading and weighing the
balance is subject to no oscillations whatever,

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent and of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von
Nawrocki in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th January 1878.
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, of the Firm of J. Brandt and G. W.
v. Nawrocki, of Berlin, in the German Empire, Engineers and Patent Agents.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SELF-ACTING WEIGHING MACHINES FOR WEIGHING GRAIN
AND POWDER-LIKE MATERIALS, SUCH AS CORN, LINSEED, RICE, COFFEE, CHEMICALS,
PLASTER OF PARIS, CEMENT, AND THE LIKE." A communication from Eduard
Reisert, of Cologne, in the German Empire.
.
Weighing machines constructed according to this Invention are self-acting, and
weigh the materials introduced without the aid of either human or any other
power, and at the same time they will on an index show the weight of the quantity
passed through.
In the following description, for the sake of simplicity, corn only is referred to.
In the accompanying Drawings,-
Figure 1, Sheet 1, shows a cross section of the machine.
Figure 2 shows a side view.
Figure 3 shows a plan and section on the line 1; 2 of Figure 1.
Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section.
The Figures V., VI., and VII. shew the mechanism of the machine it its three
principal positions.
On a fork-shaped beam A, with equal arms hangs on the one side from two small
rods a, a metal vessel B, which according to the size of the machine can hold at
once 10, 20, 50, or 100 pounds, or more, of corn, and on the other side hangs a
weight C. This weight is so heavy that it balances the metal vessel B, plus its
contents, of exactly 10 or 20 pounds, or other weight of the material to be weighed.
The corn is introduced into the funnel T, runs first in a thick stream, then con-
tinually weaker and weaker, finally dropping but gently, into the metal vessel B,
until this has been filled with the exact weight, and the beam comes into motion,
the apparatus suddenly stops the supply and empties the vessel, the next moment to
open again, letting in a fresh supply, and so on." Each emptying of the vessel is
registered by the index I in connection with the machine, so that it can at any
time be read off from the outside visible dial of the index how much corn within a
certain time has passed through the machine.
The opening and closing for the supply is performed by two valves E and F. The
emptying of the vessel B is produced by the valve b. This valve b turns on an
axis o.
The weights m and n, fastened to the valve b; on the other side of the
axis, are made to close the valve b after the vessel has been emptied. The
vessel B is furthermore provided with a hook V revolving on the pivot p.
the valve b is closed a thumb piece 7 on the weight m catches into this hook V, and
thus prevents the opening of the valve b while the coru runs into the vessel B.
When
The thumb piece C is through the axis s in firm connection with the valve E,
and likewise is the thumb piece or cam f and the lever Z, through the axis A, in firm
connection with the valve F. The first position of the mechanisms is shewn by
Figure 5.
As long as the vessel B is empty it is pressed upwards by the weight C, the
fork-shaped beam A lifts by means of the thumb piece or came the valve E. One
of the two balance rods a lifts by means of the thumb piece f the valve F. A
nose of the lever Z is hooked into the bent lever X. This bent lever X turns on
a pivot w fastened to the case, and has its centre of gravity to the left of
this pivot.
As the valves E and F are both of them completely opened the corn will run
in a thick stream out of the funnel T through the metal box K into the vessel B.
Even before the complete unit weight has poured into the vessel B the balance

page_text: 2.
will come into motion because the left side of the beam from which the metal
vessel hangs down, besides being burdened with the vessel and its contents of corn,
is also burdened with the valve E, as the thumb piece c, connected with it, presses
on to the left side of the beam. The valve E will move downwards with the
vessel B, and keep on so until this valve catches on to the axis G; which runs
through the case. The valve F, on the contrary, cannot move, as the lever Z, con-
nected with it, is hooked firmly on to the bent lever X by means of the nose piece
This position of parts is shewn, at Figure VI. As the valve E is now resting on
the axis G, the beam is no longer burdened with it, and this burden has lightened
the left side of the scale. The balance will consequently now again be at rest until
so much corn bas run into it that the whole unit weight of the 10 or 20 pounds
has been reached. But a further supply is prevented by the valve E, except
through the two half round openings u, u, on the same, which limit the supply
to what passes through in two fine streams. When in this way the exact weight
has been reached the balance beam turns quickly over because of the middle edges
of the balance beam being somewhat lower situated than the two side edges; the
pushing hook i of the weight C will touch the regulator X and unhook the lever Z.
The lever Z and the valve F connected with it will quickly go forward; and tlie
latter will completely stop the supply beneath the metal box K. The lever Z
touches at the thumb piece h of the hook v, and gives the latter a little twist, so
that the valve b having lost its support is opened from the weight of the corn and
empties the vessel. This position of the parts is shewn in Figure VII.
When the corn has run completely away from the valve b the two weights m and
n will again close it up, and it is again supported by means of the weight m and
the hook V.
When the vessel B is emptied or again unburdened, it will again be pressed
upwards by means of the weight C. But the thumb piece of lies on the balance rod a,
and will not allow the balance to move upwards until the lever Z connected with it
through the axis t again can resume its original position. But the latter cannot
take place until the valve b of the vessel B has been closed. The lever Z will
namely be arrested by the edge of the hook V until this hook has again made: a
little turn to the right, and the lower edge of the lever Z passes by the edge v.
But this again is not possible before the valve e has again reached a horizontal
position; the weight m again has caught the hook V, and the vessel B thus is
closed.
Through the vessel moving upwards the valve E will again be lifted by means of
the thumb picce e, likewise the valve F and the lever Z connected with it; which
latter again hooks into the bent lever x. The whole mechanism returns to the
original position as represented in Figure V., the supply of corn can take place
unhindered, and the play of the balance begin anew. The circumstance that the
opening of the upper valve cannot take place before the closing of the vessel valve
b beneath, is of great importance; as otherwise the corn might run through
unweighed.
As a particularly important property it must be stated that the machine will
stop of itself if the corn which has been weighed cannot escape from under the
machine, as in such case the corn after the vessel has emptied itself remains lying
before the valve, preventing it from closing. The re-opening of the two valves E
and F would in the same case be prevented from taking place until the escape were
made free, and the valve b closed. Then the machine will resume its action
of itself.
The hook R serves to interrupt the action of the machine. When the lever vis
pressed upwards the noze of the lever Z will catch firmly into the hook R. In
this case too the vessel cannot ascend, and consequently the two valves E and F cannot
be lifted: The supply will therefore be shut off and the action of the machine
interrupted, until the lever R is again pressed downwards, and the lever Z is again
unhooked.
The little strap pulley visible on the outside of the machine is only then of

page_text: use when the machine is applied to materials that do not flow so easily as corn, for
instance ore or powder-like masses. In such case a moving roller is kept in
constant motion through this little strap pulley, thus preventing a stoppage of the
supply.
To prevent that the vessel B and the counterweight C through the play of the
balance should come into oscillations, which might influence the accuracy of the
weighing, both vessel and weight are provided with wedge-shaped stops y, y, which
after each emptying of the vessel B force themselves into noses placed correspondingly
on the case, and that bring to rest both the vessel and the weight, effecting
that during loading and weighing the balance is subject to no oscillations whatever.
I will now proceed to describe a modified arrangement.
Figure 8, Sheet 3, is a vertical cross section of the machine; Figure 9, a longitudinal
section; Figure 10, a side view; and Figure 11, a plan of the fork-shaped beam and
the measuring or weighing vessel.
Figures 12, 13, 14, and 15, Sheet 4, show the mechanism of the machine in the
principal positions.
A is the fork-shaped beam which by means of two small rods a carry the vessel
B; the weight C is so heavy that it balances the weight of the vessel B and its
contents when filled with the exact quantity of material. T is the hopper, as
before described. J is the counter in connection with the weighing mechanism, its
dial indicates at any time how much corn or other material has been weighed and
passed through the machine during a certain time. E is the valve for opening and
closing the supply of material from the hopper T; b is the bottom flap of the vessel
B for emptying the latter; the flap b turns on the spindle o; m and n are weights on
the other end of the latter, and serve the close the flap b after the vessel B has been
emptied; is a hook or catch appliance turning on the pivot p on the vessel B.
When the flap b is closed the thumb piece or projection q on the weight m engages
with a notch in the piece v, thus keeping the flap b closed while the corn runs into the
vessel B.
The spindle F consists of two parts 8 and t which can move independently. The
parts carries the flap or valve E and the cam e; the part t carries the fork f, the cam
, and the lever Z. The first position of parts is shown at Figure 12.
The vessel B being empty the weight C presses it up. The beam A holds on one
side by the came the flap E in a raised position, and on the other side by the
cam g, the fork f, and the lever Z. As the flap E is quite open the corn runs freely
from the hopper T and box K into the vessel B. As before the beam begins to
play before the vessel is quite full, for the left side of the beam is loaded by the flap
E on one side, and the lever Z on the other side (besides by the vessel and its
contents).
20
The nose or catch on the lever Z hooks on to the double armed lever which is
fastened to the casing, and has its centre of gravity to the right of its fulcrum pin
.W. The beam is now free of the lever Z and comes into a state of rest. . The position
of parts now is shown in Figure 13.
The flap E is more closed and the supply of corn checked. After a little while the
beam comes into play again and therewith the flap E, until the peg 7 of same comes
against the fork f connected with the lever Z by means of the part t. The parts
now come into the position shewn in Figure 14.
The flap E has cut off the supply, except as regards the two half round openings
u, u, in the flap; when the exact weight has thus been obtained the beam tips over
quickly, for the centre knife edges lic a little lower than the two side knife edges.
The part c of the weight C pushes against the hook lever x and releases the lever Z.
The latter and the flap E go quickly forward, and the latter shuts off the supply
.altogether. The lever Z knocks against the cam or thumb piece h of the hook V
and turns the latter a little, so that the flap o loses its support, opens by the weight
of the corn, and empties the vessel.
The position now is shown in Figure 8.
b the two weights m and n close it again.
When the corn has run quite off the flap
The weight m and the hook V support

page_text: ¹t again. The weight Craises the empty vessel but the cam grests on the beam and
does not permit it to rise till the lever Z connected therewith can assume its original
position; this can however not take place before the vessel is closed again.
By the rising of the vessel the flap E and lever Z are raised again, and the whole
mechanism returns to the original position of parts, shown in Figure 12.
The fact that the opening of the upper flap or valve cannot take place before the
closing of the lower closing flap bis of great importance, because otherwise the
corn might run right through without being weighed.
As a peculiarly important property of the machine must be named that it stops of
itself when the weighed corn cannot run away below it, as then the corn remains lying
in front of the flap b preventing it from closing. The re-opening of the flap E will
be prevented until the exit is free again and the flap b closed. Then the machine
starts working again of itself.
The hook lever R, Figure 10, serves to interrupt the working of the machine.
When the lever V is pressed upwards the nose on the lever Z hooks on to the
hook lever R. Also in this case the vessel B cannot rise and the flap be opened.
The supply of corn is thus stopped and the working of the machine interrupted,
until the hook lever R is pushed down and the lever Z disengaged.
A weighing machine constructed as herein-before described has then the
peculiarity that the weighing vessel is not tipped over but hangs quietly on the beam,
and is emptied by the opening of a flap; the measuring vessel also consists of one
department only, fitted with a balanced bottom and flap.
And having thus described the nature of this Invention, I declare that I claim as
the herein-before described Invention,-
First. The peculiar mode according to which the supply of the material is eventually
reduced or checked to the extent of trickling through grain by grain, the said limited
supply being accomplished by the gradual closing of a flap or flaps, and by the
releasing of the weight of a lever, and then of the weight of the flap or flaps during
the play of the beam, all substantially as set forth.
Second. The peculiar mode of opening the corn supply by the sudden movement
of the lever Z.
Third. The peculiar mode whereby, through the combination of a lever Z, a hook
lever V, and weight m, the opening of the upper flap or flaps does not take place
before the entire closing of the lower flap b.
Fourth. The general arrangement of parts, as herein described and shewn.
In witness whereof, I, the said Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
GERARD WENZESLAUS V NAWROCKI