Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating Brine.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating Brine.
We, EDWARD JAMES DUFF, Engineer, and THE UNITED ALKALI COMPANY
LIMITED, both of 30, James Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide a combined brine heater and
evaporating vessel, for the efficient and economical heating and evaporation of
brine, the evaporation being effected either at atmospheric pressure, or,
preferably, under a vacuum.
In the evaporation of brine, it is desirable, and often necessary, that the
brine should be heated and settled previous to its admission into the evaporating
chamber. It has hitherto been customary to heat the brine in a separate vessel,
or vessels, by coils heated by live steam. This preheating is, according to this
invention, effected inside the evaporating chamber by means of the evaporated,
or secondary, steam therefrom.
The apparatus according to this invention may be arranged as follows:-
In the evaporating chamber is a chamber fitted with vertical tubes through
which the brine circulates while being evaporated, the pipes being surrounded
by a belt into which steam, or other heated gases, or vapours, used as a source
of heat is, or are, passed. Live, or exhaust steam may be used, or the exhaust
heated gases from gas engines may be used for example.
The pre-heater for the brine is preferably situated in the upper part of the
evaporating chamber and so as to be surrounded on all sides by the steam given
off from the brine undergoing evaporation, as such steam passes on its way to
the condenser.
This heater is constructed with a number of preferably horizontal tubes
expanded at each end into tube plates forming the inner sides of chambers,
into one of which the brine to be heated is passed, it thence passing through
the tubes into the other chamber and being heated on its way through the said
tubes.
The brine so heated passes either direct into the evaporating chamber, or,
if settling be necessary, into settling tanks; or it may be pumped from the
settling tanks through the heater direct into the evaporating chamber. Extending
almost across the evaporating chamber and below the tubes, is a tray, sloping
towards one side. The higher side does not reach to the outer wall of the
evaporating chamber but allows sufficient space for the passage of the steam from
the evaporating chamber. The remaining sides of the said tray are fixed to
the outer walls of the apparatus.
The said tray colleets the water of condensation and prevents it passing back
into the evaporating brine the said water passing by a drain pipe to the outside
of the evaporating chamber.
Dated this 1st day of September 1899
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.

page_text: We, EDWARD JAMES DUFF, Engineer, and THE UNITED ALKALI COMPANY
LIMITED, both of 30, James Street, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The object of this invention is to provide a combined brine heater and
evaporating vessel for the efficient and economical heating and evaporation of
brine, the evaporation being effected either at atmospheric pressure
preferably, under a vacuum.
or,
In the evaporation of brine it is desirable, and often necessary, that the
brine should be heated and settled previous to its admission into the evaporating
chamber. It has hitherto been customary to heat the brine in a separate vessel,
or vessels, by coils heated by live steam. This preheating is, according to this
invention, effected inside the evaporating chamber by means of the evaporated,
or secondary, steam therefrom.
The accompanying drawing represents, in vertical sections at right angles to
each other in Figures 1 and 2 respectively, apparatus constructed in accordance
with this invention.
In the evaporating chamber A, is a chamber A2, fitted with vertical tubes a,
through which the brine, admitted at a, circulates whilst being evaporated,
the said tubes a, being surrounded by a belt a, into which steam, or other
heated gases, or vapours, used as the source of heat, is, or are, passed. Live,
or exhaust, steam may be used, for example, but the hot exhaust gases from
gas engines may be used as we have found that these will effect the evaporation
if they be led into the belt a, by connecting the exhaust pipe from the gas
engine to the pipe at. The preheater B, for the brine is preferably situated in
the upper part of the evaporating chamber A, and is so placed as to be sur-
rounded on all sides by the steam given off from the brine during evaporation
as such steam passes on its way to the condenser G, through the pipe b. This
preheater B is constructed with a number of, preferably, horizontal tubes 63,
expanded at each end into tube plates 6, forming the inner sides of chambers c,
into one of which the brine to be heated is passed by the pipe d, it thence
passing through the tubes 62, into the other of the chambers c, and, being heated
on its way through the said tubes, passes in a heated condition, either direct
into the evaporating chamber A, by the pipe e and branch pipes and valves,
or. if settling be necessary, into settling tanks by the pipe and valve f, or
it may be pumped direct from the settling tanks through the heater B and
into the evaporating chamber. Extending almost across the evaporating chamber
and below the tubes b, is a tray y, sloping towards one side. The higher side,
at g, does not meet the wall of the evaporating chamber but allows sufficient
space for the passage of the steam from the evaporating chamber. The remaining
sides of the said tray g, are fixed to the outer walls of the apparatus. The said
tray g, collects the water of condensation and prevents it passing back into the
evaporating brine the said water passing by the draining pipe to the outside
of the evaporating chamber.
C is the leg of the evaporating vessel through which the salt deposits in the
boot D of the elevator E by which it is transferred to the receptacle F.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is;-
"
1. In apparatus for evaporating brine, the combination, with the evaporating
chamber, of a preheater subjected to the heat of the evaporated water from
the brine and means for passing brine through the said preheater; substan-
tially as herein before described.
2. In apparatus for evaporating brine, the combination, with the evaporating
chamber, of vertical tubes through which the brine circulates the said tubes
being surrounded by a belt provided with means for passing steam or the
exhaust gases from gas-engines into the said belt and around the said tubes;
substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. In apparatus for evaporating brine, the combination, with the upper part
of the evaporating chamber, of a preheater subjected to the heat of the evaporated
water from the brine and means for passing brine through the said preheater,
aud of vertical tubes through which the brine in the evaporating chamber
circulates, the said tubes being surrounded by a belt provided with means for
passing a heating agent into the said belt and around the said tubes; substan-
tially as hereinbefore described.
4. In apparatus for evaporating brine, the combination, with the evaporating
chamber, of a preheater consisting of a chamber in communication with the
upper part of the evaporating chamber and provided with tubes which open at
their ends to chambers provided respectively with an inlet and outlet for brine;
substantially as hereinbefore described.
J. In apparatus for evaporating brine, the combination, with the evaporating
chamber, of a preheater consisting of a chamber in communication with the
evaporating chamber and provided with tubes which open at their ends into
chambers provided, the one with an inlet for the brine to be heated, and the
other with an outlet with branches leading directly into the evaporating chamber,
and into a settling tank, and means for directing the preheated brine through
either branch; substantially as hereinbefore described.
6. In apparatus for evaporating brine, the combination, with the evaporating
chamber, of a preheater, consisting of a chamber in communication with the
upper part of the evaporating chamber and provided with tubes which open at
their ends into chambers provided respectively with an inlet and outlet for
brine and a tray below the said tubes provided with a pipe for the passage of
water of condensation from the said tray; substantially as herein before described.
7. In apparatus for evaporating brine, the combination, with the evaporating
and heating chambers, of a connection between the heating chamber and the
exhaust port of a gas engine so as to utilize the heat of the exhaust gases there-
from substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
·ת ועמ
3-1 1
JLJ
1000
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.