IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING MINES, SEWERS OR DRAINS, SHIPS, BUILDINGS GENERALLY
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Weight, of Cheltenham, in the
County of Gloucester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
VENTILATING MINES, SEWERS OR DRAINS, SHIPS, BUILDINGS GENERALLY,
Sealed the 20th October 1853, and dated the 20th April 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Weight
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition
on the 20th April 1853.
I, SAMUEL WEIGHT, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING MINES, SEWERS OR DRAINS,
SHIPS, BUILDINGS GENERALLY, AND OTHER LOCALITIES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the use and application of a rotary fly
placed within a funnel-shaped box or casing, to which is attached tubes
for exhausting and discharging the contents of a receiver, which is to
be placed at or near the bottom of the place to be ventilated or dis-
charged of the foul air it may contain. This receiver is connected by
suitable tubing to the box or casing in which the rotary fly is placed,

page_text: and other tubing is attached to said receiver, and conducted to all parts
of the place to be ventilated; and in some cases it may be found
desirable to employ several receivers, the same being connected together
by tubes or pipes. The rotary fly being set in motion in one direction
causes a partial vacuum in the receivers, and thereby causes the
explosive gases or fire damps to enter therein, and carries them off*
through a tube or discharge pipe; situate some 10 or 15 feet-above the
surface of the ground, and thereby compels pure air to enter into the
place to be ventilated. When this "Invention is applied to mines or
pits the machinery can be worked by steam, water, or horse power;
and when applied to the ventilating of wells, brewers vats, sewers, the
holds of ships, or other parts of the vessel. Or the machinery may be
worked by vanes driven by the wind, either on land or on board ships.
And in order to ascertain the nature of this Invention more completely
reference must be had to the illustrative drawing attached to this Pro-
visional Specification, and to the numeral figures and letters of reference
marked thereon, as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Fig. 1, exhibits a side elevation of the general arrangement of the
parts to be employed for the purposes of this Invention. Fig. 2, an
2,5
end elevation thereof. Fig. 3, a transverse and vertical section of some
of the parts: hereafter referred to. At each of these Figures the same
letters of reference are employed to denote corresponding parts. A, A,
marks a funnel-shaped metal casing or box, to which is affixed, exhaust
and discharge pipes B, B', which are supported by a suitable framing.
The pipe B, passes to a receiver C. The drawing exhibits this Inven-
tion as applied to a mine or pit. D, marks the shaft thereof, down
which the exhaust pipe B, passes to the receiver C, from whence the
branch pipes c, c, proceed to the different parts and workings of the
mine or pit to be véntilated. E, marks a fan mounted upon a shaft or
spindle F, the ends whereof work in suitable bearings. G, G, fast and
loose pullies placed upon the shaft F, over which passes a strap or
band H, which may be driven by any suitable and available prime
mover. I, marks the discharge pipe, by which foul air and noxious

page_text: SPECIFICATION.in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters. Patent,
filed by the said Samuel Weight, in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 20th October 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
SAMUEL WEIGHT, of Cheltenham, in the County of Gloucester, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of. April; in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight. hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the' said Samuel Weight, Her'special licence that I, the
said Samuel Weight, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Samuel Weight, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make,.use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING MINES, SEWERS
OR DRAINS, SHIPS, BUILDINGS GENERALLY, AND OTHER LOCALITIES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Samuel Weight, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain' the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the sanie was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent. :.
NOW KNOW YE, 'that I, the said Samuel Weight, do hereby de-
clare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
My Invention consists in the use and application of a rotary fly
placed within a funnel or conical-shaped cast or sheet iron or other

page_text: metal box or casing, to which are connected tubes for exhausting and
discharging the contents of a receiver, which I propose to place at or
near the bottom of the place to-be-ventilated-or-discharged of the foul.
air contained therein; said receiver is connected by suitable tubing
to the box or casing in which the rotary fly is placed, and there is other
tubing connected to said receiver, which tubing is conducted to all.
parts of the place to be ventilated.
And I propose, when desirable,
to employ several receivers, which I connect together by tubes or pipes.
And in order to explain my said Invention as completely as possible,
I now proceed to describe the best means I am acquainted with for
carrying my said Invention into practical effect, reference being had to
the illustrative drawing hereunto annexed, and to the numeral figures
and letters of reference marked thereon respectively, as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1, exhibits a side elevation, shewing the general arrangement
of the apparatus which I propose to employ for effecting the objects of
my said Invention; Figure 2, is an end elevation thereof; Figure 3,
a transverse and vertical section of some of the parts herein-after
referred to. At each of the foregoing Figures I employ similar letters
of reference to denote corresponding parts, in so far as such parts
appear or can be seen at each of the Figures respectively. A, A, marks
a funnel or conical-shaped metal casing or box, in which pieces of
metal, which I call wings, are fixed, as in red lines at Figure 1,
to conduct the air to the fly or vanes; said vanes revolving only within
the hoop E (Figure 3); to the casing or box A, exhaust and discharge
pipes B, B', are connected, and are supported by a suitable framing;
the pipe B, passes to a receiver C, which is exhibited by the drawing
as being applied to a mine or pit. D, marks the shaft thereof, down
which the exhaust pipe B, passes to the receiver C, from whence the
branch pipes c, c, proceed to the different parts and workings of
the mine or pit to be ventilated. E, marks a series of fans or vanes
which are mounted upon a shaft or spindle F, which shaft passes
through the funnel or conical-shaped casing A, and pipes B, & B',
and the ends of said shaft or spindle work in suitable bearings in the

page_text: standards f, f. G, G, are fast and loose pullies placed upon the shaft
or spindle F; and over the fast pulley a strap or band H, passes for
transmitting motion to the shaft or spindle F, from any suitable and
available prime mover. I, marks the discharge pipe or bonnet of the
pipe B', along which the foul air and noxious vapours and gases pass
as they are exhausted from the mine, pit, or other place to be
ventilated by the rotation of the fans or vanes. I would remark that
I deem it unnecessary to explain and represent the various modes to be
pursued in applying my said Invention to the several purposes of venti-
lating sewers or drains, ships, buildings generally, and other localities,
as it will appear evident to any practical man that the mode of arrange-
ment must of necessity be governed by local circumstances, and must
therefore be determined accordingly; suffice it to say, that in all cases
I employ the same principle of action to that above mentioned.
The modus operandi of this Invention is as follows:-The rotary
fans or vanes being set in motion in one direction causes a partial
vacuum in and through the receiver or receivers, and thereby causes
the explosive gases or fire-damp to enter therein, from which they are
discharged through the tube or discharge pipe B', which is fixed to
casing A, and extends in height about ten or fifteen feet above the
surface of the ground at the top of the mine or pit, and thereby compels
pure or innoxious air to enter into the place from which the foul air
has been discharged. I would remark, that in applying my said
Invention to the ventilating of mines, pits, and other places, the
machinery or fans or vanes can be worked either by steam, water,
or horse power, as may be found most desirable; and, when applied to
the ventilating of wells, brewers vats, sewers, the holds of ships,
or other parts thereof, the machinery may be worked by hand, or by
vanes which may be driven by the wind, either on land or on board
ships.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be and may be performed, I desire it to be
distinctly understood that I do not claim the exclusive use of any
of the separate parts above mentioned and referred to, except in so
far as the same may be employed in combination and for the purposes

page_text: of
my
said Invention, which I hereby declare to consist in and I claim
as of my Invention of "Improvements in ventilating mines, sewers
or drains, ships, buildings generally, and other localities," the use
and application of a rotary fly or vanes in combination with a receiver
or receivers as herein-before particularly described, and represented by
the illustrative drawing hereunto annexed, and for the purposes
set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Weight, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of October, in the
SAMUEL WEIGHT. (L.S.)
Witness, WILLIAM RICHARDS,
Albion Street, Cheltenham: