IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INCREASING THE HEATING EFFECT OF STEAM-BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES AND FOR PREVENTING SMOKE."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Fair, of San Francisco, in the State of California,
United States of America, for an Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR
INCREASING THE HEATING EFFECT OF STEAM-BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES
AND FOR PREVENTING SMOKE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Fair at the Office
of the Cominissioners of Patents on the 19th December 1881.
"
EDWARD FAIR of San Francisco in the State of California in the United States
of America. IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INCREASING THE HEATING EFFECT OF
STEAM BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES AND FOR PREVENTING SMOKE."
This Invention has relation to steam boiler furnaces or other furnaces where
super-heated steam may be introduced to the flame or most intense heat of the
furnace and decomposed thus liberating the hydrogen and allowing it to come in
contact with the waste carbon contained in the smoke as the result of imperfect
combustion. The combustion is further augmented by the heated air from air
tubes being thrown in at the same point thereby rendering the combustion complete
and utilizing the product of the same to a far greater degree than by any of the
methods heretofore known.
To effect this I provide a combined water-jacket and heater in such a manner
that the lower part of the same forms an arch with an opening at the top just
under the centre of the boiler and extending rearward from the front, the length of
the fire box. This combined heater and water-jacket extends up the sides of the
boiler to from two to six inches above the water level in the boiler as may be
required to adapt it to the proper steam connection with the boiler. Above the
said central opening and directly under the centre of the boiler I place the super-
heater and distributor in such position as to receive the concentrated heat of the
furnace.
In carrying the said Invention into practice I construct the water-jacket to form

page_text: the sides of the fire box and arching upward leaving a longitudinal opening about
twelve inches wide and running the length of the fire box except the space required
for the connecting of the two sides of the fire box; the connections are at each end
of the fire box and have a space of about four or five inches between the sheets.
The water-jacket is thoroughly stayed with stay bolts; the water-jacket again
divides as it rises above the necks or connecting passages enclosing the sides of the
boiler and rising to from two to six inches above the level of the water in the
boiler; the space above the level of the water in the jacket forms the steam space,
and is connected with the steam space in the boiler by steam pipes; hot air tubes
are placed through the waist of the water-jacket and point upward so as to direct
the currents of air into the flame directly under the super-heater fire plate; the
mud drums are at the lowest parts of the waterjacket at each side of the fire box.
This arrangement it will be readily seen renders the trouble of keeping the same
clean comparatively nominal. The super-heater directing plates are of cast iron or
other suitable material to ensure durability and they are so arranged under the
boiler that a small space or crack is left at the lower edge to allow the passage of
steam down through the same; the fire plate is cast in one piece and rivetted, a
short thimble or washer being placed over the rivets so as to regulate the steam-
space. A super-heater steam distributing pipo has a row of small perforations
extending along the lower side, and it is placed in a trough formed by the
arrangement of the directing plates so that these perforations are directly over the
aperture or space between the same. I fix the super-heater steam pipe in position
and cement it at the sides, and at all points except at the lower side with
asbestos cement and such other means as will render it steam tight to the end
that all the steam passing out at the perforations must pass down through the
space between the lower edges of the directing plates. I make all suitable
connections between the water-jacket and the boiler and I construct the grating
of the fire box with level grating over the centre ash pit and two angular sido
grates over the side ash pits. The outer air supply space is supplied by another
air supply space through the doors. I use concrete fire packing.
A steam pipe connects the steam drum with the super-heater. Pipes afford
communication between the water in the boiler and that in the water-jacket.
There is a pipe connecting the boiler with the rear part of the water-jacket.
I may sometimes construct the waterjacket and boiler of tubing arranged by any
well known plan but in such a manner as to carry out the said Invention in
substantially the same way as above described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edward Fair in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th June
1882.
EDWARD FAIR of San Francisco in the State of California United States of
America. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR INCREASING THE HEATING EFFECT OF
STEAM-BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES AND FOR PREVENTING SMOKE."
This Invention has relation to steam boiler furnaces or other furnaces whero
superheated steam may be introduced to the flame or intensest heat of the furnace
and decomposed liberating the hydrogen and allowing it to come in contact with
the waste carbon contained in the smoke as the result of imperfect combustion the
combustion is further augmented by the heated air from the tubes M being thrown
in at the same point thereby rendering the combustion complete and utilising
the product of the same to a far greater degree than by any of the old or well
known methods.
To effect this I have constructed a combined water-jacket and heater so that
the lower part of the same forms an arch with an opening at the top just under
the centre of the boiler and extending from the front back the length of the fire
box this combined heater and water-jacket extends up the sides of the boiler to
from two to six inches above the water level in the boiler as may be required
to adapt to the proper steam connection with the boiler. Above the said central
opening and directly under the centre of the boiler I place the super-heater and
distributor in such position as to receive the concentrated heat of the furnace.
In order to fully explain the construction arrangement and operation of the
same I will refer to the accompanying Drawings which form a part of this
Specification.
Figure 1 is a front elevation with the front broken out to show the construction
of the interior.
Figure 2 is a side elevation showing the outer wall broken away and a longitu-
dinal section of the super-heater boiler water-jacket and fire-box cut through the
dotted lines shown in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the superheater fire plate cut through the
dotted lines p, p shown in Figure 6.
Figure 4 is a front elevation showing the general arrangement of my improve-
ment attached to a steam boiler.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of the superheater steam pipe.
Figure 6 is a transverse section of the steam superheating apparatus.
Some of the above named views are drawn to a larger scale than others.
A represents the outer wall of the furnace B the boiler C the steam drum D the
water-jacket E the connecting steam pipes F the steam pipe connecting the
steam drum C with the super-heater G the superheater steam distributing pipe H
the
super heater directing plates I the super heater fire plate J the concrete fire
packing K the perforations in the lower side of the superheater steam distributing
pipe L shows one of the connecting pipes which connect the water in the boiler
with that in the water jacket M shows the hot air tubes to supply the oxygen
for final combustion N shows the end connections of the water jacket which
connect the two sides of the same shows the centre grate at the bottom
of the fire-box P shows the two side grates Q shows the centre ash pit R
shows the two side ash pits S shows the side air supply spaces T shows outer
air space that supplies air to the air tubes M which pass through the sides of
the water jacket U shows the fire door V shows the centre asli pit door W shows
the side ash pit doors X shows the side draught doors Y shows the water connecting

page_text: pipe connecting the boiler with the rear part of the water jacket Z represents the
mud drums.
The boiler one of 52 inch diameter as shown may be of any well known
construction. The water jacket D is constructed to form the sides of the fire box
and arching upward leaving a longitudinal opening about twelve inches wide and
running the length of the fire box except the space required for the connecting of
the two sides of the fire box these connections N are at each end of the fire box
and have a space of about four or five inches between the sheets. The water
jacket is thoroughly stayed with 3/, stay bolts the water jacket again divides as
it rises above the necks or connecting passages N enclosing the sides of the boiler
and rising from two to six inches above the level of the water in the boiler A the
space above the level of the water in the jacket D forms the steam space and is
connected with the steam space in the boiler by the pipes E the tubes M are placed
through the waist of the water jacket and point upward so as to direct the currents
of air into the flame directly under the fire plate I the mud drums Z are at the
lowest parts of the water jacket at each side of the fire box. This arrangement
it will be readily seen renders the trouble of keeping the same clean comparatively
nominal. The plates H are of cast iron or other suitable material. To ensure
durability they are so arranged under the boiler at about the angle shown in the
cross sectional Drawing Figure 0 a small space or crack being left at the lower
edge to allow the passage of steam_down_through_the_same. The_fire_plate.I.is.
cast in one piece and rivetted to the same as shown in Figure 6 a short thimble or
washer being placed over the rivets so as to regulate the steam space as indicated
in the Drawing Figure 6. The super heater steam pipe G has a row of sinall
perforations extending along the lower side as shown in the section Figure 6 and
it is placed in the trough formed by the arrangement of the plates H so that
these perforations are directly over the aperture or space between the same. I fix
the super heater steam pipe in the position shown and cement it at the sides and
at all points except at the lower side with asbestos cement and such other means
as will render it steam tight to the end that all the steam passing out at the
perforations K shown in Figure 5 must pass down through the space between the
lower edges of the directing plates H, I make all suitable connections between the
water jacket and the boiler as has been shown I construct the grating of the fire
box with level grating 'O over the centre nsh pit and the two angular side grates P
over the side ash pits. The outer air space T is supplied by the air supply space S
through the doors X
The following is the operation of my improvement. The fire being made in the
fire box the draught is regulated by the doors V and W so as to allow the flame to
Btrike the water jacket D and be directed to the centre opening where it rises, at an
apex or focus under the fire plate I as the point of the most intense heat the steam
passing from the superheater steam pipe and through the space between the
plates H and between the same and the fire plate I and out in the direction of the
arrows up along the lower surface of the directing plates H thus coming in contact
with the intensely heated fire plate I and passing into the intensest part of the
heat the steam is decomposed and the hydrogen liberated when it immediately
unites, with the unconsumed carbon of the smoke thus utilizing it in combustion as
carburetted hydrogen.
I have shown the construction in such manner as to give a clear illustration of
my said Invention by presenting one mode of construction although I sometimes
construct the water jacket and boiler of tubing arranged by any well known plan
now known to the art but so as to carry out the same Invention in substantially
the same way as it is carried out in the Drawing the only object being to increase
the heating surface by the use of tubing as it is well understood by those skilled in
the art.
Having now described my said Invention and in what manner the same is
performed I declare that what I claim is
'
Firstly The arrangement of the superheater composed of the super-heater steam

page_text: pipe G directing plates H and fire plate I when constructed and arranged in
connection with the steam boiler B substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
Secondly The arrangement of the super heater consisting of the parts G, H, I
and J in combination with the air tubes M and fire chamber enclosed in the water
jacket D substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Thirdly The water jacket D extended up the sides of the boiler to above the
water level and connected with the boiler by means of the pipes E and having the
tubes M and the mud drums Z combined and operated substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
Fourthly The air spaces T and air tubes M arranged and operated in connection
with the air passages S, and the water jacket D substantially as and for the
purposes set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Edward Fair have hereunto set my hand and
seal this 22d day of November in the year of our Lord 1881.
EDWARD FAIR. (LS.)