Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 4th June, 1886.
Complete Left, 25th Feb., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 25th Mar., 1887.
I, ERNEST DE PASS, of 68 Fleet Street, in the City of London, Fellow of the
Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention to he
as follows:-
In the specifications of previous British Patents granted to me as a com-
munication from Albert Lebre dated respectively 5th November 1888, No. 5242 ;
and 15th November 1884, No. 15,075, I described certain processes for rendering
fabrics, leather, skins, cork, and other substances in general, impermeable.
In carrying these processes into practice it has been discovered that cotton and
similar fabrics treated according to the said processes, to render them impermeable,
became united with the material employed under such conditions as to form a com-
bination therewith, the result being a novel substance perfectly homogeneous in its
most minute particles.
This substance is capable of being applied to various industrial purposes, its chief
feature being to prevent either air or water from passing through it, while it is also
damp proof.
The atomials lacanikal in the above mentioned nesvious natants ara.
Turpentine paste
Tallow
Wax
Styrax (necessary and not optional).
6
kilos
1-500
-
0:500
0.200
and are applicable to the treatment of cotton in order to form the new substance under
the conditions described in the above mentioned patents.

page_text: The proportions therein indicated and the temperature specified, (90° C.) may be
variod according to the nature, the thickness; and the kind of cotton under treatment.
The present has for its object to claim this novel product (Styroleum and Hydrofugo
Cotton) as applied to the treatment of all kinds of paper to render the same
impermeable and transparent.
The apparatus is composed of two main parts viz., a sheet iron cistern, for con-
taining the above mentioned substance, and a calendering apparatus supported by a
frame. Upon one of the walls of the said cistern, and at the lower part thereof, are
fixed, by water tight joints, a suitable number of pipes closed at one of their ends and
communicating together by means of cast iron clbow pipes, having three openings, and
by copper pipes. The pipe nearest to the wall of the cistern is supplied from a generator
with steam which is uniformly distributed in the other neighbouring pipes; the condensed
water escapes through the copper pipes which are connected with a collecting pipe pro-
vided at one of its ends with an automatic blow-off cock. The first mentioned pipes serve
to heat and to raise the temperature of the substance, contained in the cistern, to 100° C.
Four rollers complete the mechanism of the cistern, and serve to guide the paper (or
fabric) which is drawn towards the calendering apparatus by cylinders. Motion is
imparted to these cylinders by means of a pinion actuated by an endless scrow fixed
upon a shaft. One of the extremities of this shaft carries a cone pulley to which
motion is imparted by a motor. The above mentioned cylinders are hollow, and are
provided at one of their extremities with a fixed tubular † piece having two openings,
one of which serves for the admission of steam and the other for the escape of the
same, while another pipe enables the condensed water to be withdrawn. A stuffing-
box ensures the tightness of the arrangement. One of the cylinders rotates upon
fixed bearings while the other is capable of sliding above the before mentioned frame,
and the necessary pressure is exerted upon it to ensure proper rolling or calendering
by means of two sets of levers, one set of which is weighted and the other forked.
The weights can be shifted according as required, and are held in position by set
screws. In order to withdraw the cylinders, when necessary for passing the fabric
(or paper) through, or for regulating the same, the two sets of levers are connected
by means of another shaft which carries two cams firmly fixed thereon and a hand
wheel for operating the said levers. In one position of the mechanism, the cam rests
upon the forked levers, but as soon as the hand wheel is turned the weighted levers
descend until they rest upon supports; the cams then shift the forked levers a
sufficient distance to enable the bearing and the moveable cylinder to be withdrawn.
Screws fixed upon the forked levers serve to regulate the position of each of these
levers. Two drums rotate upon supports, one drum serving to carry the unprepared
fabric (or paper) while upon the other drum is wound the said fabric after it has been
subjected to the operation described.
בד
T
100

page_text: A. Process and Apparatus for Rendering all kinds of Paper
Impermeable and Transparent, said Apparatus being like-
wise Applicable for Rendering Cotton or other Fabrics
Impermeable.
I, ERNEST DE PASS, of 68 Floet Street, in the City of London, Fellow of the
Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :-
In the Specifications of previous British Patents granted to me, as a com-
munication from Albert Tèbre, dated respectively 5th November 1883, No. 5242, and
15th November 1884, No. 15,075, I described certain processes for rendering fabrics,
leather, skins, cork, and other substances in general impermeable.
In carrying these processes into practice it has been discovered that cotton, and
similar fabrics, treated according to the said processes to render them impermeable,
became united with the material employed, under such conditions as to form a
combination therewith, the result being a novel substance perfectly homogeneous in
its most minute particles.
This substance is capable of being applied to various industrial purposes, its chief
feature being to prevent either air or water from passing through it, while it is also
damp proof.
The materials described in the above mentioned previous patents were :-
Turpentine paste
Tallow
Wax
kilos
100
G
-
1.500 kilos
-
0.500 kilos
Styrax (necessary and not optional) -
-
0.200 kilos,
and are applicable to the treatment of cotton, in order to form the new substance
under the conditions described in the above mentioned patents.
The preparations therein indicated, and the temperature specified (90° Centigrade)
may be varied according to the nature, the thickness, and the kind of cotton under
treatment. The present has for its object to claim this novel product (termed
Stryoleum and Hydrofuge cotton) as applied to the treatment of all kinds of paper,
to render the same impermeable and transparent.
The apparatus consists of two main parts, viz., a sheet iron cistern B, for containing
the above mentioned substance, and a calendering apparatus supported by a frame A,
shewn in figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
Upon one of the walls of the said cistern B, and at the lower part thereof, are fixed,
by watertight joints, a suitable number of pipes, such as D, these pipes being closed
at one of their extremities and communicating together by means of cast iron elbow
pipes, having three openings H, and by copper pipes I and I'. One of the pipes D,

page_text: that is to say, the pipe nearest to the wall of the cistern, is supplied from a generator
with steam which is uniformly distributed in the other neighbouring pipes; the
condensed water escapes through the copper pipes J, which are connected with a
collecting pipe K, provided at one of its ends with an automatic blow off cock. The
pipes D serve to heat and to raise the temperature of the substance contained in the
cistern, to 100° Cent. Four rollers F, complete the mechanism of the cistern and
serve to guide the paper (or fabric) which is drawn towards the calendering apparatus
by the cylinders Cand Crotating with very little friction in the bearings a.
Motion
is imparted to these cylinders by means of a pinion having helicoidal teeth R, and
actuated by an endless screw Vi, fixed upon the shaft V, which rotates, with very
little friction, upon the bearings and ', set on the sides of the frame A. One of
the extremities of this shaft V, carries a cone pulley X, to which motion is imparted
by a suitable motor. The cylinders C and C, are hollow, and are provided, at one of
their extremities, with an ajutago T, having two openings, one of which serves for the
admission of steam, and the other for the escape of the same, while another pipe T',
allows the condensed water to be withdrawn (fig. 2.) A stuffing box, ensures the
tightness of the arrangement. One of the cylinders rotates upon fixed bearings,
while the other is capable of sliding between the cap y, and the frame A, and receives
the necessary pressure to ensure a proper rolling or calendering by means of two
levers I, I, (fig. 1), at the ends of which are placed the weights M, which can be
shifted, as required, and are held in position by set screws 5.
In order to withdraw the cylinders, when necessary, for passing the paper (or
fabric) through, or for regulating the same, the two levers Land 1 are connected
by means of a shaft O, which carries two cams N, firmly fixed thereon, and a hand
wheel P, for operating the said levers. In the position shewn in fig. 1, the cam N
rests upon the levers L, but, as soon as the hand wheel I', is turned, the levers L',
descend and rost upon the supports ; the cams N then shift the forked levers La
sufficient distance to enable the hearing a, and the moveable cylinder, to be with-
drawn. Screws S, fixed upon the forked levers L, serve to regulate the position of
the levers. Two drums E and E' rotate upon supports, the drum E serving to carry
the unprepared paper (or fabric), while upon the drum E', is wound the said fabric,
after it has been subjected to the operation above described.
The fabric, or paper, is shown by dotted lines in fig. 1, the arrows indicate the
direction of motion.
Having now described the nature of the said invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents:-
1. The herein described process for rendering paper, of all kinds, impermeable and
transparent, by the application thereto of the novel product above set forth.
2. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting the apparatus
hereinbefore described and shewn in the drawings, and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 25th day of February 1887.
DXIAOM
DAC0