IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OP BRINE TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SALT
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Lauder, of Dunfermline, in the County of
Fife, North Britain, Merchant, and Thomas Ireland, of the same Place,
also Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OP BRINE TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SALT."
Sealed the 2nd June 1857, and dated the 31st March 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Lauder and Thomas
Ireland at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 31st March 1857.
We, GEORGE LAUDER, of Dunfermline, in the County of Fife, North
Britain, Merchant, and THOMAS, IRELAND, of the same Place, also Merchant,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF BRINE TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SALT," to be as
follows, that is to say:-
This Invention relates to a system or mode of evaporating saline liquids for
the manufacture or production of common salt or chloride of sodium, whereby
superior economy in the process is secured. The improved process is suitable
for treating sea water or weak brine spring water. The saline liquid from
which the brine is to be made is first of all boiled in a boiler heated by an

page_text: ordinary furnace, and which may be called No. 1. The liquid is boiled here
under a pressure of 30 pounds. The steam generated in this boiler is
condensed away by a suitable pipe into a second boiler, which may be
called evaporator No. 1. This evaporator is also supplied with sea water,
which is thus boiled or evaporated by the steam coming from boiler No. 1,
supplied by means of copper piping laid in the bottom of the evaporator.
The steam supplied through these copper pipes serves to raise steam in the
evaporator to a pressure of 20 pounds, and the steam so raised is conducted
off through suitable copper piping in the bottom of evaporator No. 2, also
containing sea water or saline liquid. In this way the steam at 20 pounds
flowing from evaporator No. 1 raises steam in evaporator No. 2 to 10 pounds
pressure, and this steam is conducted off through piping laid in a large tank,
the contents of which are thus boiled just as in the former instances in this
routine. When from continued evaporation the saline liquid in the first boiler
acquires a saline strength of one pound of salt to the gallon, it is blown off
into the tank or the last vessel of the series. In a similar way the saline
liquid in the evaporators 1 and 2 is blown off into the receiving tank as fast as
it acquires the desired density or saline strength. The sea water or weak
saline liquid is primarily taken for the supply of the boiler No. 1; and
evaporators 1 and 2 form a heating tank, through which piping is conducted
for thus utilising the otherwise spent steam of the process, as this spent or
blown-off steam thus heats the crude sea water, so as to secure economy of
fuel when it is supplied to the boiler and evaporators. The solid salt is
finally produced from the strong brine in the usual way, the essential object
of the Invention being the effective and economical manufacture of strong
brine from sea water or comparatively weak saline liquids by the application
of combined fire and steam heat as herein-before described.