Improvements in the Manufacture of Pile Fabrics.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 16th July, 1895-Accepted, 17th Aug.; 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Pile Fabrics.
We, JOSÉ REIXACH, a Managing Director of Lister and Company Limited, of
Manningham Mills, Bradford, in the County of York, and FRANK BAMFORD,
Dyer, also of Manningham Mills, Bradford aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to obtain a design or figure on pile fabrics by
means of two or more different coloured dyes applied in the manner described
herein.
We first dye the yarn, before weaving, or the piece, after weaving, one of the
shades, (preferably the lightest,) which it is desired to obtain in the figured piece.
We then emboss, or press down, the figure, on the pile by means of a roller or
plate in any well known manner.
The piece in this condition is then passed through a dyeing or lacquering
machine in which are one or more rollers revolving over troughs containing the dye
which is now to be put on the piece for the second colour. The lower portions of
these rollers are immersed in the dye and we regulate the amount of dye which is
taken up by the rollers, preferably by means of a small adjustable roller which
bears against the side of the dye roller as it leaves the 'dye. The piece is passed
through the machine by means of drag and take up rollers in such a way that the
portion of the pile which is erect comes in contact with and takes up the dye
liquor from the dye rollers. That part of the pile, on the contrary, which is
pressed down is not affected by the passage of the piece through this dyeing
machine. The piece as it comes from the machine is folded by preference on to
hooks arranged on a carriage so that the wet surfaces of the pile are kept apart
from one another and in this condition the piece is put into a steam oven and
subjected to a pressure of steam for a length of time sufficient to set the dye on
the fibre.
We now pass the piece after steaming through a washing machine in which it
travels through water and between weighted rollers this process cleans the piece
and partially raises the part of the pile which was embossed down and the pile is
afterwards completely raised by the usual process of finishing.
If it is desired to obtain a third colour the piece is now embossed a second time
with a roller or plate of different design and the part of the pile which is left
standing receives another dyeing of any colour desired ou repassing through the
dyeing machine as already described the processes of steaming washing and
finishing are also repeated as before.
This process may be repeated for any number of colours.
By a modification we emboss the piece in the grey state and employ the dyeing
machine to cover that portion of the pile which is left standing either with a
solution which will resist the action of the dye or with a mordant which will
readily take the dye. On dyeing the piece in the usual way afterwards the part of
the pile acted on by the first process will come out in one case lighter in shade than
the rest of the pile and in the other case darker than the rest of the pile, or in
place of a mordant or in combination therewith, a dye or drug may be used, so as
to take a different shade from the rest of the pile when dyed in the piece
afterwards.
Dated this 22nd day of October 1894.
J. REIXACH.
F. BAMFORD.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Pile Fabrics.
We, JOSÉ REIXACH, a Managing Director of Lister and Company Limited, of
Manningham Mills, Bradford, in the County of York, and FRANK BAMFORD,
also of Manningham Mills, Bradford aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to obtain a design or figure on pile fabrics of two
or more different colors or shades. The pile fabric which is to have the design or
figure formed upon it, may be in the grey or undyed state or previously dyed or
made with yarn dyed of one of the shades (preferably the lightest) which it is
desired to obtain in the finished piece. Portions of the pile surface which are to
be a different color to the rest of the piece are first embossed or laid flat in any well
known manner the remainder of the pile being left standing erect. The portions
of the pile which are left standing now have dye applied to bem. Afterwards the
piece is steamed for a length of time to set the dye on the fibre and is then washed
thereby partially raising the embossed portions of the pile and subsequently the
pile is completely raised by the usual process of finishing.
If it is desired to obtain a third colour the piece may be again embossed and the
process repeated and so on for as many colours as may be required.
In place of applying a dye to the portions of the pile which are left standing
after the embossing of the pile surface a mordant or resist might be applied to
then, and the piece then be dyed in the usual way and the piece be afterwards
steamed, washed and have its pile surface raised.
The embossing of the pile surface of the pile fabric may be effected by means of
an embossed roller or plate in any well known manner.
To apply the dye or mordant or resist to the portions of the pile surface which
are left erect we cause it to be brought into contact with a horizontal revolving
roller the lower portion of which is immersed in dye mordant or resist contained in
a trough. The drawing annexed shews a side elevation of a machine by which this
may be effected.
A A A are three horizontal rollers each having on its axis a chain wheel A¹
driven by an endless chain B from a chain wheel C¹ on
a driving shaft C.
DDD are troughs, one below each roller A, and containing dye or mordant or
resist into which the lower part of the rollers dip. E E E are rollers held in
proximity to the rollers A to regulate the amount of liquid carried up by them.
F is the embossed pile fabric. GG are rollers which can be raised or lowered to
regulate the pressure of, the pile surface of the fabric against the rollers A. Any
number of rollers A may be used but by using three or four the dye mordant or
resist may be put on gradually and a better result obtained than when only one is
employed.
The fabric after leaving the rollers A is carried forward by rollers Hand. is
bung on to hooks I on a carriage K or is otherwise hung in folds so that the wet
surfaces of the pile are kept apart. In this state the fabric if dye has been applied
to its pile surface is afterwards put into a steam oven and subjected to a pressure
of steam for a length of time sufficient to set the dye on the fibre. After
steaming the piece is passed through a washing machine in which it travels through
water and between weighted rollers-this cleans the piece and partially raises the
part of the pile which previously had been pressed down and subsequently the pile
is completely raised by the usual process of finishing,
If it. is required that the portions of the pile which were embossed or pressed
down should be dyed, the whole of the piece may now be placed into an ordinary

page_text: dye bath and dyed in the ordinary manner or the parts which were embossed or
pressed down may be left in the grey state.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. The berein before described process for obtaining a design or figure of two or
more different colours on pile fabrics, consisting in first embossing the pile surface
of the fabric, then applying a dye to the parts of the pile which are left erect-and
afterwards steaming and washing the fabric and raising the pile substantially as
described.
2. The modification of the process consisting in first embossing the pile surface
then applying a mordant or resist to the portions of the pile which are left erect
and afterwards dyeing the piece and steaming, washing and raising the pile
substantially as described.
3. The modification of the process consisting in first embossing the pile surface
of a pile fabric in the grey or undyed state then applying a dye to the parts of the
pile which are left erect then steaming and washing the fabric and raising the pile
and afterwards dyeing the piece in a dye bath in the ordinary way substantially as
described.
4. The modification of the process consisting in first embossing the pile surface
of the fabric then moving such pile fabric past a horizontal revolving roller having
a thin film of dye on its surface in such manner that the portions of the pile which
remain erect are brought into contact with the roller and afterwards steaming and
washing the piece and raising the pile substantially as described.
5. The modification of the process consisting in first embossing the pile surface
of the fabric then moving such pile fabric past a horizontal revolving roller having
a thin film of mordant or resist on its surface in such manner that the portions of
the pile which remain erect are brought into contact with the roller then dyeing
the piece and afterwards steaming and washing the piece and raising the pile
substantially as described.
Dated this 28th day of December 1894.
J. REIXACH.
F. BAMFORD.