Improvements in Combination Latches and Locks.
Year: 1888

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Combination Latches and Locks.
I JOHN MAYNARD, of Bowmanville Province of Ontario in the Dominion of
Canada, Jeweler, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improvement in combined door latches and locks and
it consists in the peculiar combination and arrangement of devices that will be
more fully set forth hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims.
In the drawings
Fig. 1 is an elevation of my invention when arranged to form a door latch one
side of the case being removed so as to disclose the interior mechanism.
Fig. 2 is a similar view of the same when the bolt is locked.
Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line a-2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a combined lock and latch embodying my improve-
ments the case being entire.
Fig. 5 is a detached perspective view of the key for opening the lock.
Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of the combined bolt and latch and the
tumbler.
Fig. 7 is a detail view to show the modified form of locking cam.
A represents the lock-case which is rectangular in form and is made of any
suitable material and is provided with the removable side B. C represents the com-
bined bolt and latch which comprises the two sections D E.
The section E is arranged in the interior of the lock case and is provided with a
longitudinal slot F that is guided on a flange G arranged horizontally in the lock-
case. On the upper side of the said section E is a shoulder H and on the lower
side of the said section is a recess I adapted to be engaged by a key such as shown in
Fig. 5.
The section D has a head K that projects through an opening in the front side of
the case and is beveled or rounded on one side in the usual manner and has an
inwardly extending stem or arm L the inner end of which is pivotally joined to the
section E. A stud M is arranged in the lock-case and bears under the stem or arm L
the function of the said stud being to retain the said arm or stem in a horizontal
position at all times.
From the shoulder H of the section E projects a stud N.
O represents a tumbler which is pivoted on the stud N; bears against a recess in
one side of the section Ę; has a curved lower edge P which depends below the said
section E and is provided in its rear upper corner with a hook R.
S represents a gravity lever or detent which is pivoted near its upper rear corner
on a stud T in the case A ; is provided at its upper corner with an arm U and at its
lower rear corner with a recess V adapted to receive the shoulder H of the latch and
bolt.
W represents the knob sleeve or collar which is journaled in the rear upper
corner of the case and is provided with oppositely extending ears X and Y. A
stump Z is made in the lock-case, to engage the ear X. A' represents a lever arm
which is fulcrumed at a suitable distance below the sleeve W as at B'. The said lever
arm A¹ has at its upper end a prong C¹ which engages the ear Y of the knob sleeve
and is provided with a forwardly extending arm or prong D' which engages the
rm U of the gravity detent. The lower end of the lever arm A' is provided with
stud E¹ which is adapted to be engaged by the hook R of the tumbler. Ft
represents a locking cam, which is journaled in the rear side of the lock-case at a
uitable distance from the upper edge thereof and is provided with an arm G¹ which
projects through an opening in the rear side of the lock-case.

page_text: The operation of my device is as follows
When the hook R of the tumbler engages the stud E¹ of lever arm A', the said
lever arm is connected to the bolt and latch and the outer end of the latter is
prevented from projecting farther beyond the front edge of the case than to engage the
catch (not shown) secured to the door jamb.
In order to open the door the knob is turned, thereby causing the knob sleeve or
collar W to rotate and the ear Y thereof by pressing forward on the upper prong of
the lever arm A¹ to draw rearward on the tumbler and thereby withdraw the latch.
As the latch is withdrawn the arm D₁ of the lever arm A¹ presses downward on the
arm U of the gravity detent, and thereby raises the free end of the latter and when
the knob is released, the said gravity detent as it reassumes its normal position,
causes the lever arm A¹ to move the latch forward and turns the knob sleeve or collar
until the ear X thereof engages the stump Z as shown in Fig. 1.
In order to lock the door, a key of suitable construction such as shown in Fig. 5 is
inserted in the key hole of the case and is turned therein.
The web of the key first engages the curved lower edge P of the tumbler_and
thereby turns the same on its pivot to cause its hook R to disengage the stud E¹ of
the lever arm and the web of the key then engages the notch or recess in the lower
side of the section E of the latch and bolt, and moves the same forward and thereby
forces the head K farther into the catch than before.
As the latch bolt completes its outward movement, the hook R of the tumbler
slides past the stud E¹ of the lever arm and drops in front of the said stud as shown
in Fig. 2 and in this position the latch is moved forward a sufficient distance to
effectually lock the door, and on turning the knob the lever arm A being disconnected
from the tumbler will swing idly rearward, and simply raise the free end of the
gravity detent without withdrawing the latch bolt, consequently requiring the use of
a key, to open the door.
If it be desired to lock the door from the inside, so that the lock cannot be operated
by a key. this may be done by turning the cam F so as to cause the same to bear
against the rear side of the lever arm which will prevent the lever arm from moving
and therefore prevent the knobs from being turned and also prevent the latch bolt
from being withdrawn by a key. When the lock is used as a mortise lock, one of
the trunnions of the cam F is extended beyond one side of the lock-case and provided
with an arm H' by means of which the cam may be operated, the arm G¹ of the said
cam being in this instance dispensed with see Fig. 7.
A lock thus constructed is extremely cheap and simple, operates without the use of
springs is very strong and durable and is not likely to get out of order.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a combined latch and lock, the combination of the bolt, the tumbler
secured thereto the knob collar or sleeve and the lever arm adapted to be engaged
by the said collar or sleeve, the said tumbler being adapted to engage and disengage
the said lever arm substantially as described.
2. The combination in a combined latch and lock, of the bolt, the tumbler pivoted
thereto and having the hook R the gravity lever S normally engaging the bolt and
having the arm U, the knob sleeve or collar, and the lover arm A, the latter having
the arms engaged by the knob sleeve or collar and the arm U and provided further
with a stud E adapted to be engaged or disengaged by the hook R of the tumbler
substantially as described.
3. The combination in a lock, of the relatively fixed stud E' the bolt and the
tumbler pivotally connected to the bolt and having the hook adapted to engage the
stud, substantially as described.
4. The combination of the bolt, the tumbler pivoted thereto and having the hook R
the lever arm adapted to be engaged by the said hook and the detent weight lever
connected to the lever arm substantially as described.

page_text: 5. In a lock, the latch bolt comprising the sections D and E joined together sub-
stantially as described.
6. The combination of the knob sleeve or collar, the lever arm engaged by the
same, the latch bolt, the tumbler pivoted thereto and adapted to be engaged by the
lever arm and detent to lock the lever arm in place, and thereby prevent the bolt
from being withdrawn by a key substantially as described.
7. In combination with the latch bolt, the lever arm engaging the same, knob
sleeve or collar to engage the lever arm and the detent to lock the lever arm and
prevent the bolt from being withdrawn by a key, substantially as described.
8. The lock-case having the flange G combined with the bolt slotted to work on
the flange as set forth.
9. In a combined latch and lock the latch bolt having the key engaging point or
recess, I, combined with the knob sleeve or collar and connections between the latter
and the latch bolt whereby the latter can be operated by the knob or the key as set
forth.
.
10. In combination with the latch bolt, the knob having connections therewith to
operate the bolt, the tumbler O on the latch bolt and establishing the connection
between the knob and the bolt, said tumbler being arranged in such proximity to the
key-hole that it will be actuated by the key when the latter is inserted, whereby when
said tumbler is actuated, it will disengage the connection between the knob and the
bolt, as set forth.
11. In a lock, the latch-bolt comprising the sections D E detachably joined together,
the section E being slotted to run on a rigid flange of the lock-case as set forth.
12. In combination with the latch-bolt, the lever A¹ connected with the same the
gravity detent S normally engaging the arm A'aud the knob sleeve or collar engaging
the arm A' as set forth.
Dated this 27th day of November 1888.