NEW AND USEFUL IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLE BOXES AND OILERS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGE AXLES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Nottingham Smith, of Jersey City, in the State of
New Jersey, one of the United States of America, Gentleman, for the Invention
of "NEW AND USEFUL IMPROVEMENTS IN AXLE BOXES AND OILERS FOR
RAILWAY CARRIAGE AXLES."
Sealed the 12th January 1877, and dated the 18th July 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Nottingham Smith at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th July 1876.
JOSEPH NOTTINGHAM SMITH, of Jersey City, in the State of New Jersey, one of
the United States of America, Gentleman. "NEW AND USEFUL IMPROVEMENTS IN
AXLE BOXES AND OILERS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGE AXLES."
My Invention relates,-
First. To improvements in the adaptation of the improved axle box to the
pedestals of carriages and carriage trucks already in use.
Second. To improvements in ball-and-socket joint connections between the axle
box and saddle, through which the weight of the carriage rests upon the journal
box.
Third. To improvements in dust-excluding devices and door applied. to the axle
box and journal, and to seals for the door.
Fourth. To improvements in the construction of the axle box.
Fifth. To improvements in means for constantly supplying oil to the axle
journal.
In applying the improved axle box to pedestals in use on carriages and carriage
trucks projections are formed on the sides or flaps of the saddle, which fit into the
side slots of the pedestal, and allow a free play of the saddle up and down in the
pedestal, but prevent lateral outward and inward thrusts thereof in the pedestal.
In the flaps of the saddle also are vertical slots or notches, in which projections on
the sides of the axle box play, and in like manner allow free up-and-down move-
ment, while preventing lateral thrust and displacement of the axle box. There are
guard pieces hung upon the sides of the axle box, which cover the side slots of the
pedestal, moving with the axle, against which curved projections on the axle box
play to allow the self-alignment of the axle.

page_text: The saddle which holds the axle box in the pedestal, and furnishes the means of
applying the weight of the carriage generally through an evener bar resting thereon,
has a socket in the form of a section of a sphere, into which fits a projection of
similar form on the top of the axle box. This ball-and-socket joint allows a perfect
self-alignment of the carriage axle, thereby preventing friction and wear.
The improved self-closing, dust-excluding device is applied at the inner end of
the axle box around the axle journal pressed to the axle by a spring. At the outer
end of the axle box is a door or cover, which fits close over the opening, and is
packed tight therein so as to exclude dust and impurities. An improved lock is
applied thereto and seal.
The axle box is of improved construction, and has an improved soft metal bearing
over the journal secured in place by improved means, with a space between the two
parts thereof over the centre of the journal.
The improvements, in constantly supplying oil to the axle journal without
failure, consist in means acting by momentum derived from the vibrations of the
carriage while travelling upon the rails, by which either the oil is conveyed directly
through a tube or passage over the axle journal, or is raised by a travelling wick or
conveyer, the motions of which are effected by similar vibrations of the carriage.
Sometimes an eccentric is used revolved by the contact of a friction wheel with
the axle journal, raising and lowering the momentum plunger thereby in positions
where not a sufficient vibratory motion is obtained to raise the oil by the momentum
of the plunger or oil carrier.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Joseph Nottingham Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th
January 1877.
[$
JOSEPH NOTTINGHAM SMITH, of Jersey City, in the State of New Jersey, one of
the United States of America, Gentleman. NEW AND USEFUL IMPROVEMENTS IN
AXLE BOXES AND OILERS FOR RAILWAY CARRIAGE AXLES."
My Invention relates to railway carriage journal boxes or axle boxes, in which I
employ a universal or ball joint used between the lining or bearing and the saddle,
one of the objects being to provide for the introduction of such axle boxes into the
pedestals now in use, to improve the construction and operation of the said ball
joint, and the devices by which its motion is controlled and made available for use
in a car truck, and to improve the construction and operation of the dust excluding
and oiling devices, the lining or bearing, and the stopping_bar.
The exact nature of the improvements of which my Invention consists will be
readily understood from the following description and the accompanying Drawings,
which illustrate an axle box and oiler embodying my Invention properly attached
to a pedestal of the ordinary form :—
In these Drawings Figure 1 is a front view of the said axle box and oiler set in
the jaws of a pedestal of a car truck.
Figure 2 is a vertical section on the line x, x, Figure 1, of the pedestal, and the
slide and brackets for receiving the housing and retaining it in the pedestal.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section of the parts shown in Figure 2 on the line w, w.
Figure 4 is a vertical section of the housing and contents on the line x, x,
Figure 1.
Figure 5 is a vertical cross section of the same on the line y, y, Figure 4.
Figure 6 is an end elevation of the housing taken from the rear.
Figure 7 is a side elevation of the housing.
Figure 8 is a front elevation in detail of part of the devices for locking and sealing
the door.

page_text: Figure 9 is a front clevation in detail of the stopping bar and its attachments;
Figure 10 is a horizontal section of the same on the line u, u, Figure 9.
Figure 11 is a horizontal section in detail of the door and the devices for holding
and fastening it taken on the line v, v, Figure 4.
Figure 12 is a top view in detail of the frame, which carries the oiling pad.
Figure 13 is a side and an edge view of the seal and a tag of paper, which serves
to indicate the date of sealing, &c.
Figure 14 is a section through the centre of a tool used in sealing the door, and
also in unsealing and opening it.
A is a pedestal of the common form, as I propose to fit my axle box and oiler to
the pedestals now in use by merely drilling holes for the bolts a, a, which secure
the brackets B, B, to the pedestal. The brackets B, B, are so formed as to leave a
slotted way between themselves and the pedestal for the flanges b, b, on the slide or
saddle C to slide up and down in. The slide C is open at the bottom to admit the
housing D, and has a spherical seat c in its under side to receive the ball d on the
housing, and thus form a ball-and-socket joint, whereby the housing is free to follow
the motions and direction of the axle in order to avoid cramping the bearing. To
prevent the thrusting of the housing out of the pedestal by any sudden and
excessive side swaying of the car I provide lugs or projections e, e, on the sides of
the housing which come in contact with the side of the slide C at fas soon as the
ball leaves the socket c, whereby the motion of the housing in this direction is
confined within the limits of safety. Should sudden derailment of the truck take
place, or any other accident which permits the wheels and axle to drop, or forces the
truck upward the housing is prevented from leaving the pedestal by the ledges or
sides of the slide C striking the tops of the plates g, g, which form part of the
brackets B, B.
Instead of this provision I propose in some cases to extend the brackets B, B,
downward, as shown, and form hooks h, h, upon them, which hooks will catch the
bottom corners of the housing, and keep it in the pedestal. Swells or ridges i, i,
are formed on the inner faces of the brackets B, B, to permit the housing to swing
slightly around a vertical axis, passing through the centre of the ball joint, and at
the same time to prevent its swinging or turning around the axis of the journal.
The strap E is cut away between the jaws of the pedestal, which obviates the
necessity which would otherwise exist for its removal. The bolts a, a, are kept
from unscrewing and coming out by the lock washers j, j, which are simple sheet
metal washers having projecting portions on their edges, one of which projections
is turned up against the bolt head, and another down around the corner of the
bracket B. Inside the housing at the top, and resting upon the journal in the
usual manner, is the bearing F, F. This bearing is made of any suitable lining
metal, and is cast in a cast-iron shell G, having pins or studs k, k, on its inner
surface, which incline toward each other, and thus lock or dovetail the bearing to
the shell or backing G.
When the bearing F, F, is so far worn away as to require renewal it is removed
and melted off from the backing, and a new one, cast in its place. To facilitate the
removal a slope or incline H is cast on the bottom of the housing to receive the
head of a lifting jack. On operating the jack the incline H causes the housing
to roll in the ball joint so as to lift the outer end of the lining above the button
on the axle, and then a slight lift of the jack relieves the rear end or heel of the
lining or bearing, when it may be readily removed, and another substituted for it.
The journal I is supplied with oil from the bottom of the housing by an endless
wick J, which is carried on a rocking pad K, to which it is secured by the spring
strap m. The pad K is held up to the journal by the vibrating frame L, in which
it has a bearing n, and it is kept from being jolted off from this bearing by the
spring o. The frame L is hung on trunnions p, p, which rest in half socket
bearings 9, q, formed in the sides of the housing, and are held in these bearings by
the depending legs 1, 7, of the stopping bar M. The end of the frame L, which

page_text: carries the pad K, is forced up by the downward pressure of the slide N on its
opposite end. This spring slide N is attached to the stopping bar M by the bolts,
and is forced down by the spring t. Hinged to the frame L at a¹ is a jumper or
feeder O. This jumper has one or more teeth or hooks b¹ on one side of it, which
catch into the wick J, when the jumper is thrown up by the jolting of the truck,
and thus by means of the weight of the jumper the wick J is pulled around. I
thus not only secure a plentiful supply of oil to the journal, but also prevent the
premature wearing out of the wick by the continual rubbing of the journal upon
it at one point. The stopping bar M is supplied with oil by means of an endless
wick P, which passes around a tumbler or clack c¹ so hung in a slot in the bearing
face of the stopping bar that it has a constant tendency to fall forward, and thus
carry the wick against the end of the axle. Attached to the stopping bar by the
bolt 8 is a jumper or feeder Q, having one or more teeth d, which catch into the
wick P, when the jumper is thrown up by the jolting of the truck, and by means
of the weight of the jumper draw the wick around. This ensures an adequate
supply of oil to the end of the axle, and prevents the constant wearing of the wick
in one place, which would occur if the wick should stand still.
The opening at the front or outer end of the housing is closed by a vertically
sliding door R, which is kept in place and guided up and down by any suitable
system of ribs and grooves substantially as shown. When it is shut it is fastened
by a spring bolt el, which shoots into a socket or recess in the side of the housing.
Another socket is also provided for the bolt to enter when the door is raised so as
to keep it up. The bolt e¹ is pushed back to open the door by a small wire key thrust
into the hole f¹. The door is packed at gf and h¹ so as to effectually exclude the
dust. To secure the door more thoroughly, and thus prevent improper tampering
with the contents of the housing, I insert in a socket in the plate S, which is
rivetted to the door, a seal of lead or other suitable material shown in Figure 13,
and by means of the right hand end of the tool, Figure 14, screwed into the tapped
holek, a portion of the leaden seal is forced into the recess or cavity l, thus pre-
venting the opening of the door until the seal is removed.
For greater security the swivel piece m¹ may have any suitable design or lettoring
upon it, which will thus be impressed upon the seal. A tag or ticket of thin tough
paper may be wrapped around the seal, as seen in Figure 13, on which the date
When it becomes
of oiling and any other desired particulars may be entered.
necessary to open the door the left hand end of the tool, Figure 14, is inserted into
the hole, and turned around so as to make the cutters on that end of the tool
remove the lead from the recess l¹, after which the bolt may be again pushed back
by the key inserted in the hole f¹. In order to keep the dust out of the seal and
the recess for the bolt, the sliding cover T which is kept down by the spring n¹ is
provided. This spring catch may be forced back by a wire key inserted in the
hole o¹ to raise the cover T.. When the door Ris down a projecting ledge or arm p¹
extending back from its inner face rests upon a similar arm or bracket q', extending
out from the stopping bar M and holds the latter down in its place. The stopping
bar is supported against the thrust of the axle by lugs 1, 1, cast on the sides of
the housing, as shown in dotted lines at t¹, Figure 7.
At the end of the housing where the axle enters it the opening around the axle
is closed by two dust excluding plates U and V, which are halved together at the
centre, and fit accurately around the axle and in the channel or slot made to receive
them in the end of the housing. The edges of the plates which come in contact,
with the axle are enlarged so as to form a ring of considerable width and thickness
as it is at this point only that any appreciable wear will take place. The plate U
is held down and the plate V raised, so as to keep them both in contact with the
axle by the springs u¹ and v' which are fastened at one end to the plates U and V
respectively, and in the other are held in notches w¹, a¹, in the sides of the housing.
The springs u, v₁, are kept from springing out of these notches by the locking
piece which swings on a stud z¹ at its centre. The locking piece y¹ has notches

page_text: A flat
near its ends, as shown, which are so placed that both springs must be compressed
at the same time before either of them can be released, and they are thus prevented
from being thrown out of the notches w¹, a¹, by the jolting of the truck.
plate or spring a*, having its upper edge so bent as to lie snugly against the
housing and exclude the dust, is rivetted to the plate U, as shown.
In Figures 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25, my Invention is repre-
sented in its simplest and most perfected form, the improvements being founded
however on the same principles as in the construction represented in the preceding
Figures of the Drawings and herein-before described. The axle box and its
housing are adapted as well to special constructions of pedestals as to those in
common use, and to iron frame or skeleton trucks without pedestals as also to
pedestals attached directly to car bodies without trucks. By this construction the
brackets represented in the foregoing Figures are dispensed with.
First, as to the mounting of the housing D in the pedestal A, or its equivalent:-
I employ guard plates a, a, which lie vertically edgewise at the sides of the
housing, as seen most clearly in Fig. 18. These guard plates, when the axle box
is mounted in the pedestal, lic between the housing and the inner surfaces of the
pedestal sides; and in that position they serve several useful purposes in acting as
antifriction plates to take the wear between the housing and the pedestal, to serve
by varying in thickness for the adaptation of one form and size to pedestals of
varying widths, to cover and shield the openings in the sides of the pedestal, and
to give space for the alignment of the axle box to the axle. These guard plates
are retained in position by having each a slot b", in which a lug or projection cl
one on each side of the housing plays freely, so that no impediment is offered
thereby to the self-adjusting movements of the axle box in the pedestal. They
also have or may have notches ", ", in their upper edges in which enter pro-
jections f, 1, (shown by dotted lines in Fig. 16) on the inner surfaces of the
saddle C. These projections do not interfere with the removal of the guard plates
from the pedestal, since on raising the saddle from the axle box the latter with the
guard plates is free to be removed from the pedestal.
The
Swells g, g, on the sides of the housing play against the inner surfaces of the
guard plates, as shown in Figure 18, or swells on the guard plates similarly play
against the sides of the housing, to allow the self-alignment of the axle box to the
axle journal and prevent the lateral rolling of the axle box at the same time.
axle box in this construction is securely retained in the pedestal by means of lugs
or projections, hu, on the sides of the housing which fit freely into notches 11, 211,
in the inner surfaces of the saddle flaps, as shown in Figures 16 and 19. These
notches secure the housing against displacement from the pedestal by longitudinal
thrust and from the saddle above, while there is a full and perfect ball joint
between them. At the same time the saddle is free to be raised vertically from the
housing. The saddle itself cannot be displaced from the pedestal while the weight
of the car rests thereon, it being kept in the pedestal by the flap projections J", "
extending laterally into and fitted to slide closely in the side slots or openings of
the pedestal.
In addition to these inner projections, or instead of them in cases where the
pedestals have no side slots, I employ outside flanges or projections, extending from
the inner and outer edges of the saddle. laterally so as to overlap the inner and
outer surfaces of the pedestal, as shown by dotted lines in Figure 15. But when
the car or truck is raised from the saddle and the axle box is removed from the
pedestal, the saddle is readily removed from or inserted in the pedestal by first
canting it laterally in the pedestal the rounded or oblique side edges 11, 11,
thereof, as shown, enabling it to be thus turned in the pedestal.
Next, as to the dust excluding construction of the axle box:-The dust is
excluded from the inner end of the housing around the axle journal I by a
simplified means, consisting of two simple plates U, V, sliding toward the axle, and
meeting so as to overlap each other opposite to the centre of the axle journal. A
'

page_text: single spring presses the two plates toward each other and the journal. Thus
both plates are free to yield to any requirement, and are at the same time sure to
be held closely around the axle journal, thereby also obviating the jumping up of
the upper plate. In addition to these outer plates there is a bridge-piece m near
the inner end of the axle journal inside of the said plates resting closely upon the
axle journal between the parts of the soft metal lining of the bearing for the
double purpose of preventing the flowing of the lubricating oil further in that
direction, and of excluding from the journal any dust that may possibly pass the
dust excluding plates.
Next, as to the improved means of applying the ordinary vibratory motions of
the car to the purpose of raising the lubricating liquid not only to the axle journal,
but also upon the same, and one which never fails to operate effectively.
The principle on which this improved part of my Invention operates is the
momentum of a simple vibratory plunger L" acting suddenly on the lubricating
oil in a close reservoir or well, and thereby causing a portion of oil to be projected
upward through a tube or passage, and to be discharged upon the top of the axle
journal, these momentum vibrations being produced automatically by the vibratory
motions of the car, and consequently of the axle box in which the device is
located.
The mode in which I have applied the principle is as follows:-I find it con-
venient and preferable to make the momentum plunger L" tubular to convey the
oil raised by its vibrations to the height desired. I locate this tubular plunger in
a vertical aperture or recess in the stopping bar M, thereby rendering the con-
struction compact, and placing the device just where it is best applicable to its
purpose.
The plunger being made of metal has sufficient weight to secure the necessary
momentum by its up-and-down vibrations, and to render its vibratory motions
most sensitive and effective I partially or entirely support its weight by a spring
, generally a coiled spring, surrounding it, as shown. Its upward movement
may be limited by its upper end striking the top of the housing or by lugs or
projections o¹¹, ol, (Figure 17) projecting from its sides and sliding in vertical
grooves in the surrounding well or holder. These projections I prefer to make on
the removable bottom of the plunger which screws upon the same, and is prevented
by the said projections from unscrewing by the vibrations of the plunger, the latter
being prevented from turning as well for this purpose as to keep the spout or
discharge pipe in the right position by means of the spout itself or any other
suitable means. This lower end or bottom of the plunger fits quite closely, but so
as to move freely in a well or barrel N, which extends downward from the
stopping bar or other support into the oil reservoir in the axle box. In the lower
end of the plunger is a valve chamber, in which plays a valve 211 of any suitable
construction to allow the oil to enter the plunger from below and prevent its
escape from the plunger except as raised by the motions thereof. Thus whatever
oil is once forced into the plunger by its sudden descent into the liquid below must
be forced through the tube or passage of the plunger and discharged through a
suitable side pipe or spout near the upper end of the plunger.
Each sudden downward vibration of the plunger forces a small quantity of oil
upward into its valve chamber, whereby an equal amount is caused to be projected
from its discharge pipe at the top, and therefore a continual supply of oil is
furnished to the top of the journal as long as the car is in motion and the journal
requires oiling. The oil well N" also is provided with an aperture or apertures in
its bottom to admit oil from the reservoir around it, and this aperture should be
closed by a valve q", which prevents the escape of the oil from the well except as
fast as it is drawn out by the action of the plunger. And when the plunger
descends at each vibration the oil in the well is thereby confined so that it must
enter the plunger in obedience to the force of the plunger's momentum. The bottom
of the well is preferably screwed upon the body, and to prevent its working off by

page_text: the continual vibrations to which it is subjected lugs 711, 11, are formed on the sides
of the well just over the bottom flange and opposite to notches in the upper edge
of the said flange. The positions of the parts are such as seen in Figures 20 and
21, that on wreathing and securing a piece of wire s¹¹ around cach lug it so fills.
the notch in the bottom flange that it prevents the turning and unscrewing of the
said bottom. On removing the wires the bottom can be purposely removed without
hindrance. This vibratory plunger operates perfectly and without failure in all
cases where there is sufficient vibratory motion of the car to produce the necessary
vibrations thereof, however slight. It is possible, however, that on some smooth
and straight tracks the vibrations of the plunger may be too slight for efficient
operation. And in cases of stationary journal boxes to which such an oiling device
may be applied there is little or no vibration to cause such a plunger to act by its
own momentum. In such cases I apply an additional device positive in its action
for raising the oil upon the top of the journal. I connect this device with the
vibratory plunger as auxiliary to the momentum vibrations thereof, where there are
such, and as a sole means of vibrating the plunger when there is no automatic
vibration thereof. This additional device consists in a roller or wheel P¹¹ mounted
by an eccentric journal or shaft t¹¹ in a suitable connecting rod or vibratory bar
Q suspended by a pivot u from or otherwise suitably connected with the
plunger.
3
The upwardly acting spring of the plunger is of sufficient force not only to lift
the plunger, but to sustain the eccentric roller and its suspending rod, if suspended
from the plunger, and cause it to press lightly against the lower side of the journal,
so that the revolutions of the journal will cause the roller to turn; and because of
its eccentric shaft when the roller turns it causes and up-and-down motion of the
suspending rod, and of the plunger to which the rod is pivoted or attached. Hence
by the vibrations of the plunger thus effected the oil is raised from the reservoir,
and discharged upon the axle journal in the same manner as when the plunger is
operated by vibratory momentum.
The action of the eccentric roller does not interfere with the ordinary vibrations
of the plunger, and so long as those vibrations are produced by mere momentum
the roller is not apt to often come in contact with the journal, and its operation is
not then required. But if the momentum vibrations of the plunger cease or become
slight, or there is no motion to cause them, then the eccentric roller is by the
plunger spring brought into contact with the revolving journal, which by friction
imparts a revolving motion to the roller, thereby causing the vibrations of the
plunger. The rapid motion of a car does not injure the roller nor disturb its
operation, since if it tends to act at all violently on the roller, the latter is at once
pushed away therefrom, and all is free again till the spring brings the roller
back to the journal. It is not necessary that the roller should be beneath the
journal; it may be over the same, in which case its own weight may act, or help to
bring it into contact with the journal; or it may be arranged to bear laterally
against the journal.
The eccentric roller P₁ is or may be securely retained in its bearing in the
suspending rod by having its shaft project somewhat beyond the bearing, and
forming therein a peripheral groove close to the bearing, in which groove a forked
plate (Figures 20 and 21) fits, as shown, the ends of the forks of the plate being
then bent over an edge of the bearing as represented, so that it cannot be displaced
by any motion of the roller. By having this plate made elastic it may be removed
readily, and again be sprung into place, whence it cannot be accidentally removed.
Figures 22, 23, 24, and 25, represent my most improved method of securing the
lining metal in the shell G of the bearing F. The soft metal lining is cast in
separate blocks R", R", of the right size and form to fit the inside of the shell.
These lining blocks are cast with the points of screws inserted therein, so that by
unscrewing the screws therefrom screw holes w11, w¹¹, (Figure 25) are left therein.
When the blocks are applied to the shell screws 11, 11, are inserted through the

page_text: shell into these screw holes, so that at any time on withdrawing the screws the
linings are free to be removed for replacement by new linings similarly prepared.
To secure the lining blocks from longitudinal displacement transverse notches y¹¹, y¹¹,
are formed across the upper sides of the linings to fit over corresponding cross
ribs 11, 11, formed on the inner surface of the shell. Upward projections ell, ell,
are formed on the top of the housing, reaching up in front and rear of the saddle to
secure the housing from displacement, should possibly other safe guards fail.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in which it
is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I claim,-
1. In a railroad car truck in combination with the housing and pedestal, the
slide C open at the bottom and connected with the housing by a ball-and-socket
joint for securing the slide in the pedestal, substantially as set forth.
2. In a railroad car truck in combination with the pedestal and the brackets B, B,
the housing D having lugs e, e, on its sides, and the slide C having depending sides
or stops ff, to keep the housing from being thrust from the pedestal by the side
sway of the cars as set forth.
3. In a railroad car truck in combination with the pedestal, the housing D having
lugs c, e, on its sides and the slide C, the brackets B, B, having ledges g, g, or
hooks h, h, to keep the housing from dropping out of pedestal, as set forth.
4. In a railroad car truck in combination with the pedestal, the housing D having
lugs e, e, on its sides and the slide C, the brackets B, B, having ledges I, J, or
hooks h, h, and the housing D, the strap E cut away between the jaws of the
pedestal to facilitate the insertion and removal of the housing, substantially as set
forth.
5. In combination with the pedestal, the brackets B, B, and the bolts a, a, the
lock washers j, j, having points on their edges, as and for the purpose set forth.
6. In a car axle box in combination with the vibrating frame L hung on
trunnions p, p, and operated by the spring slide N, the rocking wick pad K secured
to the frame L by the spring o, and the endless wick J held in place on the pad K
by the spring strap m, for oiling the journal, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
7. In combination with the frame L having trunnions p, p, and the housing D
having half socket bearings q, q, the stopping bar M having depending legs ", "",
which hold the said trunnions in the said bearings, substantially as set forth.
8. I combination with the frame L and wick J, the jumper O having teeth 13
to move the wick J, as set forth.
9. In combination with the stopping bar M and wick P the sliding jumper Q,
having teeth d to move the wick P, substantially as hercin set forth.
10. In a car axle box the vertically sliding door R held in place and guided up
and down by ribs fitting into grooves and secured by the spring bolt el, as set
forth.
11. In a car axle box in combination with the vertically sliding door R, and
spring bolt el having a cavity, the plate S having a hole j¹, a pocket to receive
the seal, and a tapped hole ¹ to receive the sealing tool, as and for the purpose set
forth.
12. In a car axle box in combination with the stopping bar, M, having a
bracket and projecting corners which enter sockets or seats t¹, the vertically
sliding door R having a bracket p', as set forth.
13. In a car axle box the dust excluder, consisting of the plates U, V, sliding in
grooves in the housing and kept in position by springs u¹, v¹, as set forth.
14. In combination with the housing the plates U, V, and the springs u³, v¹, the
locking piece y¹, as herein set forth.
15. In a car axle box the bearing F, F, made in two parts, with a space between
them, and the backing G having holding pins h, k, cast on its inside surface, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 16. In a car axle box the incline H on the bottom of the housing D to receive
the head of a lifting jack, as and for the purpose herein set forth.
17. Guard plates a, a, constructed and arranged, as described, in combi-
nation with the housing D and pedestal A, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
18. Lugs or projections h, h, on the sides of the housing in combination with
vertical notches 1, 2, in the lower edges of the saddle flaps, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
19. The saddle A, having rounded or oblique side edges 1, 1, in combination
with the pedestal A, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
20. A bridge piece m across the top of the axle journal inside of the dust
excluding plates, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
21. A plunger L having a free reciprocating movement up and down and acting
upon the lubricating fluid, into which its lower end plunges, by its momentum
produced automatically by the vibratory motions of the car running upon the track,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
22. A freely reciprocating momentum plunger partially or entirely supported by
a spring, and operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
23. A freely reciprocating momentum plunger operating for the purpose herein
specified, and provided within itself with a tube or passage to convey the lubri-
cating fluid to the required height, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
24. A freely reciprocating momentum plunger operating for the purpose herein
specified and provided with a liquid-sustaining valve at or near its lower end, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose set forth.
25. A freely reciprocating momentum plunger operating for the purpose herein
specified in combination with a closed well in which the said plunger has its
reciprocating movements, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
26. In combinatton with a freely reciprocating momentum plunger, operating
for the purpose herein specified, a closed well provided with an automatic valve
which admits liquid from the outside as fast as it is raised by the plunger and
prevents the escape of the liquid except by the plunger, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth."
27. An oil or liquid conveying trough or channel K" formed in or between the
bearing block or blocks which rest upon the axle journal, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth.
28. The arrangement of the reciprocating momentum plunger in an opening of
the stopping bar, substantially as and for the purpose set forth..
29. An eccentric roller or wheel P₁ caused to revolve by the axle journal in
combination with an oil-lifting plunger, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
30. A forked plate ¹¹ in combination with the grooved roller shaft and its
bearing, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
31. Projections and wires on the well body or barrel in combination with a
removable well bottom provided with notches, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
32. Projections o¹, ol, on the sides of the removable bottom of the momentum
plunger sliding in grooves in the inside of the well, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
33. A spring stud or catch attached to the sliding door of the housing operating,
as described, and arranged to be released by a pin or key inserted through a hole
in the housing, substantially as set forth.
34. Bearing blocks R", R", cast separate with screw holes therein, and formed
to fit the shell of the bearing for the purpose of convenient and quick replacement
by new blocks, substantially as set forth.
35. Upward projections e, el, on the housing in combination with the saddle,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 36 In a car axle box a full horizontal circle ball-and-socket joint between the
saddle and housing, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Nottingham Smith, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
Witnesses,
WM J. SNYDER.
WILLIAM JAMES SNYDER,
EDWIN ROBERTS JOHNSTON.
JOSEPH NOTTINGHAM SMITH. (L.S.)