IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER PRESSES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents,
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER PRESSES." A communication from
abroad by Albert Louis George Dehne, of Halle on the Saal, in the Empire of
Cosmeny
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Edward Newton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th October 1881.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER PRESSES,"
[A communication from abroad by Albert Louis George Dehne, of Halle on the
Saal, in the Empire of Germany.]
This Invention relates to certain improvements in filter presses by which they
will be rendered applicable for use when desired in filtering substances of a volatile
nature.
Hitherto the filtering of these substances has been attended with great incon-
veniences, not only from the loss of material but also in some cases from the risk
of explosion of the volatile gases or vapours given off during the operation, and in
others from the danger to the health of the work people employed.
Now according to the present Invention the filter press is mounted in a tray or
dish, which is formed with a gutter or trough all round the inside. This gutter or
trough is intended to receive the edges of an airtight cover which will close in the
whole of the press, and the gutter or trough is then filled with some sealing liquid
which will prevent the escape of the volatile gases or vapours.
The various supply pipes for supplying the matters to be treated to the channels
of the filter press and for discharging the filtered liquids, as well as the various
pipes for supplying and discharging the lixiviating or washing liquids, are passed
through the bottom of the tray or dish.

page_text: The tray or dish is provided at its lowest part with a suitable cock, by which
the drippings from the press as well as all gases or vapours given off during the
filtering operation are drawn off by a pump or otherwise.
In addition to the supply pipes above mentioned an air supply pipe provided
with a valve is employed, through which air, vapours, or gases can be forced at the
end of the filtering operation under the cover for the purpose of expelling any
gases or vapors which may remain therein before the cover is removed to get at
the press.
In like manner air may be supplied to the press to drive out any vapors or
gases which may remain in the cakes.
The cocks for opening and closing the various supply and discharge pipes are all
placed outside, so that they may be operated without raising the cover.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Henry Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
15th April 1882.
HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FILTER PRESSES."
A communication from abroad by Albert Louis George Dehne, of Halle-on-the-
Saal, in the Empire of Germany.
This Invention relates to certain improvements in filter presses, by which they
will be rendered applicable for use when desired in filtering substances of a volatile
nature.
Hitherto the filtering of these substances has been attended with great incon-
veniences, not only from the loss of material, but also in some cases from the risk
of explosion of the volatile gases or vapours given off during the operation, and in
others from the danger to the health of the workpeople employed.
Now these disadvantages may be overcome-(1). By mounting the filter press,
which may be of any construction whatever, in a dish or tray, which is formed
with a gutter or trough all round near the edge. (2.) By enclosing the entire
filterpress by an air tight cover of sheet iron or other suitable material, the lower
rim of which dips into fluid contained in the above mentioned gutter or trough of
the dish or tray, and is thereby rendered airtight. (3.) By arranging or leaving
all pipes or tubes leading to and from the channels of the filter press through the
said dish or tray, and arranging all valves or cocks belonging to the said pipes or
tubes outside the said dish or tray. (4.) Arranging a cock or valve outside sid
dish or tray by which all liquids, vapors, or gases escaping inside the cover from
the filter press may be drawn off. (5.) Arranging a special valve for the admission
of air, vapors, or gases, by which to expel all the vapors or gases within the cover
through the cock or valve mentioned under head No. 4.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 is a side view of the filter press with the
cover in section shown in place; Fig. 2 is an end view of the filter press with the
cover raised; Fig. 3 is a plan view with part of the cover broken off. A is the
dish or tray in which the filter press B is mounted; the dish or tray A is supported
on feet or standards so that the necessary cocks and valves may be arranged
underneath. The filterpress shewn is one in which a large number of pipes and
tubes for inlet and out let purposes is necessary, such inlet and outlet pipes and
tubes being shewn at the fixed head of the press.
The entrance a' for the semi-fluid or material to be filtered is in communication
with the valve a arranged underneath the dish or tray (see Fig. 2); the exits for
the filtered juice or liquor & and c' are in communication with the cocks b and c ;
the entrance for the liquor for lixiviation or washing d communicates with the
valve d as well as with the air admission valve f, therefore d' communicates by a
mutual pipe 8 with b, d, and f, as represented in the detail Drawing, Fig. 4. Again
the air exit h³ communicates with the small air cock h; and, lastly, the vertical air
pipe communicates with the valve g.
The exit c' for the filtered juice or liquor communicates with filter chambers 1,
3, 5, whereas the chambers 2, 4, 6, communicate with exit d¹ of the filtered juice
or liquor, that is to say, with the same channel through which after the filtering
process has come to an end, the lixiviating or washing liquor enters the press.
By this arrangement those chambers into which the lixiviating or washing liquor
enters are insulated from those chambers from which said liquor exit.
C is the cover which with its lower part and with the gutter in the dish or tray
forms the hydraulic closure.

page_text: This cover may be raised or lowered by two cranes D by means of chains and
counterweights, as illustrated in the Drawings.
If now the filter press is ready for work the cover is lowered to its seat, then the
outlet cocks b and c as well as the entrance valve a for the semifluid or material
to be treated are opened. The filtered juice or liquor will flow off at 7 by means
of the pipe connecting b and c. Any sample during the operation may be taken by
the cock m. After the filtering operation has come to an end, a, b, c, are closed,
and d, e, and h are opened, the liquor for the lixiviation or washing process enters
at d, d, and exits at e¹, e, the air from inside the chambers of the press will escape
through h', h, and then the air-cock h is closed. The cock at the lowest part of 1
the dish or tray is always kept open; it communicates with a pump or absorbing
vessel, and thereby the dripping fluid as well as gases or vapours are evacuated from
the interior of the cover.
After the lixiviation or washing process has come to an end, which may be
controlled by the cock n, the valve d is closed and the valve f is opened, thereby
forcing air or any other convenient gas through the cakes within the filter press
instead of the lixiviation or washing liquor. By means of this air or gas all the
rest of the fluid or gases still retained in the cakes is expelled or driven out.
having been accomplished, g is opened and air is forced through the vertical
pipe k into the interior of the cover to expel all the vapors or gases through the
cock i.
After this the cover may be raised and the press be emptied.
This
Having now described this Invention for "Improvements in Filter Presses," as
communicated to me from abroad, and explained the manner of carrying the same
into effect, I claim,-
First. Providing filter presses with a dish or tray A having a gutter or trough
for hydraulic closure all round, substantially as herein shown and described, which
dish or tray A serves as a receiving vessel or dish for the fluid dripping off from
the filter press as set forth.
Second. The use of a cover C to enclose the filter press, and which cover
rests air tight in the gutter or trough of the dish or tray A above mentioned for
the purpose set forth.
Third. The arrangement of taps and valves for the entrance and exit of the
various materials to and from the filter press; and the arrangement of the entrance
and exit pipes, substantially as herein shewn and described, the said taps and
valves being in position to be operated to open or close the entrance and exit pipes
while the cover is in its lowered position.
Fourth. Arranging a cock, as i, at the lowest point of the dish or tray A for
evacuating all escaped gases, vapors, or fluids from the interior of the cover, as set
forth.
Fifth. The means for expelling all gases or vapors from within the cover.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Edward Newton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Fifteenth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
H
F
TAY