Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Baking and Drying.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Apr., 1895-Accepted, 8th June, 1895
Improvements in or relating to Apparatus for Baking and Drying.
A communication from CAMILLE DE SMET, of Morlanwelz, Kingdom of
:
Belgium.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent; do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the construction of a baking and drying stove in which
these two operations are carried on mechanically and in a methodical manner
without interruption, that is to say continuously, by means of a current of
hot air.
This apparatus is applicable to the manufacture of biscuits and other alimentary
products for use as food, for animals in general, especially cattle, malting-purposes,
the manufacture of chemical products, artificial manure, paints and colours, glue,
and the drying of pulverulent materials of all kinds.
The apparatus comprises a gas-generator furnace, A eommunicating by a com-
bustion chamber or channel B with a vertical chamber or helically arranged flue C
wherein the hot-air gaseous current circulates around the walls D of the heating or
drying chamber E.
"
Inside this latter, which is made of metal with thin walls D (good heat-
conductors) circulates a "noria
conveyor or chain of buckets shelves or
equivalent F transporting the substances to be baked or dried. The movement of
this transporter F indicated by the arrows G is opposite to that of the passage or
flow of the hot air currents proceeding from the furnace, shown by the arrows H,
so that thereby a rational, methodical and continuous heating is obtained. Air is
admitted as at K according to requirement, through the upper openings J of the
heating chamber E and removes unceasingly and with great activity all the
moisture evaporated from the substances under treatment. The removal or escape
of the saturated air takes place by natural or forced draught, or by aspiration, with
the aid of fans, exhausters, or other apparatus, through the bottom escape-outlet M
as indicated by the arrows L.
This current of saturated air, carrying away the moisture given off by the
products or substances to be dried, passes directly into the flue N ascends the
conduit O.and issues from the chimney P at the same time as the heated gases
from the vertical chambers or fines C.
From the foregoing and by reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying
drawings, it will be seen that the movement of the transporter and of the heated
gases and air, is continuous; and moreover that the loading and discharge of the
transporter at the upper part can be effected either by hand or automatically with
the aid of any appropriate devices.
According to requirements or nature of the products to be treated, the action
of the combustion-gases upon the heating chamber E may be supported and
strengthened as for instance as shown in the annexed drawing Figures 1 and 3, by
the use of a supplementary flue R for the purpose of supplying heated air to the
furnace at the underside of the grate-bars thereof by way of the orifices S (Figs. 1
and 3). Further, for the purpose of securing perfect combustion of the smoke,
highly heated air is delivered into the lower part of the combustion chamber or

page_text: conduit B through the outlets or ports T the air being heated by passing through
the flue U formed in walls of the furnace.
The charging with fuel may also be effected automatically, and when the air is
forced in below the furnace grate, a tight closure is provided, for the purpose of
preventing the admission of external air.
A peculiarity of the heating-chamber E consists in the manner of constructing
it so as to permit the free dilatation of all metallic parts. This arrangement
allows the entire metal construction to expand freely in the vertical direction,
which is secured by means of sand-joints V at the lower end.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by tay foreign correspondent and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A baking and drying stove characterised by a combustion chamber or channel
such as B vertical flue such as C for the circulation of hot products of combustion
and a heating-chamber such as E in which latter a conveyor or transporter moves
in a direction opposite that followed by the hot-air currents or gases emanating
from the furnace and means for introducing air either a natural or a forced draught
through the upper orifices of the heating-chamber E and for carrying away the
moisture evaporated through an outlet such as M substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In apparatus such as specified in Claim 1 a drying-chamber such as E formed
with sand-joints such as V to allow the metallic wall of said chamber to move
freely when expanding substantially as described and illustrated in the accom-
panying drawings.
3. In apparatus such as specified in Claim 1 an endless transporter or conveyor
such as Floaded and unloaded automatically for permitting the baking and drying
processes to be carried on continuously substantially as described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
4. In apparatus such as specified in Claim 1 the combination with the furnace A
and combustion channel or conduit B of hot-air discharge inlets T and air heating
flues such as U and a flue such as R and hot-air outlets such as S substantially as
and for the purpose described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
5. In apparatus such as specified in Claim 1 the particular construction of the
vertical flues C whereby the gases from the furnace are forced to take a helicoidal
path from top to bottom and vice versû around the metallic walls D of the heating
chamber E substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 5th day of April 1895.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.