CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR PREPARING AND SPINNING FLAX AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1841

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
JENKINSON, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria; by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Thirty-first day of March, One thousand eight hundred and
forty-one, in the fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and?
successors, give and grant unto me, the said William Jenkinson, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said William
Jenkinson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and such others as I,
the said William Jenkinson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
agree with, and no other, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England and Wales and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,.
my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
PREPARING AND SPINNING FLAX AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES;" in which said.
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said William Jenkinson,.
shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said Invention,.
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her:
Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and.
immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Jenkinson, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, is particularly described
and ascertained in and by the-Drawings hereto annexed, and the following
explanation thereof, that is to say :-
My Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Preparing and Spinning
Flax and otlier Fibrous Substances apply particularly to the spinning of flax,
silk, wool, and such other fibrous substances as have a long staple or fibre,
and especially to spinning or producing fine "numbers or threads or yarns of
very fine or delicate quality, and consist, firstly, in making certain alterations
in the construction and arrangement of the ordinary machinery or apparatus
now commonly called the mule, and used or employed for spinning the finest
numbers or qualities of yarn made from cotton; and, secondly, in the appli-
cation of such machinery-to-the spinning of flax, silk, wool, or other fibrous
substances of long staple. Such fibrous substances or materials above men-
tioned have hitherto been spun either by hand or by that description of
machinery called the "throstle." The yarn or thread has been spun and
wound upon bobbins running loosely upon spindles, having flyers or guiders
attached in order to conduct the yarn on to the bobbins. This kind of
machinery (the throstle frame) is not only very expensive, but is not calculated
to spin very soft,. tender,. or very fine yarn, on account of the "drag" which
is required for the bobbin, and also of the sharp angles to which the yarn is
subjected passing through the flyer to the bobbins.
Now, my improvements consist in the application of the draft or drawing rollers
(with their ordinary gearing and apparatus, and with certain alterations made
therein), hitherto used only on the throstle frame, to machines made upon
the mule principle, that is, such machines as are now in use and well known
for spinning or producing the finest number or qualities of yarn made from
cotton, the carriage with the spindles being caused to recede or run out from
the drawing rollers as they deliver the yarn, and when a certain length has
been delivered, and having. received the quantity of twist required, the
carriage is then.forced back again, at the same time the yarn is wound upon
the spindles in the form of a cop, which latter processes may be performed by
hand, or made self-acting. I have attached to these Presents a Sheet of
Drawings representing three several sets or. arrangements of draft rollers, to
be applied to the roller beam of the ordinary mule, and of the three descrip-
tions or arrangements to be employed for spinning silk, wool, and flax, and
drawn full size, a, a, a, a, being the several drawing, carrying, and holding
rollers mounted in carriers or bearings 6, 6, b, and attached or applied to the
J
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page_text: ordinary roller beam c, c, of the mule. These three Figures or views of the
improved application of the draft rollers to the common cotton mule will be
well understood by an inspection of the Drawings, and require no further
explanation. The precise arrangement, numbers, or diameters of the draft
rollers, and the material of which they are composed, must, of course, be
varied to suit the substances and length of staple to be spun, exactly in the
same manner as hitherto done, and which is well understood by the practical
spinner. I would here remark, that when water is used in the spinning
process, it is necessary to clothe or cover the spindle with a thin tube of copper,
paper, or other material, to prevent the rust or corrosion from the spindle
injuring the yarn.
Having now fully described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood, that I claim
the application of the draft rollers (as herein-before described) to the
machinery or apparatus called the "mule," so as to constitute a new spinning
or roving machine for those fibrous substances of long staple or fibre, which
have hitherto been spun either by hand or upon the "throstle" principle; and
also the application of the same to the machines to be used as roving machines,
by the substitution of machines known by the name of "stretching frames
for those called "bobbin and fly frames," in the spinning of cotton.
In witness whereof, 1, the said William Jenkinson, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Twenty-ninth day of September, One thousand
eight hundred and forty-one.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the same Twenty-ninth day of Sep
tember, in the year above mentioned, the aforesaid William Jenkinson came
before our Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Speci
fication aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the Thirtieth day of September, in the year above written.