Improvements in or relating to Cycle Brake Apparatus and Brakes for Wheels with Pneumatic and other Elastic Tyres.
Year: 1898

page_text: Complete Specification Left, 29th June, 1899-Accepted, 29th July, 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Cycle Brake Apparatus and Brakes
for Wheels with Pneumatic and other Elastic Tyres.
EDWIN GILBURT HOWELL, of No. 47, Lansdowne Gardens, London, S.W., Bank
Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
The object of this invention is to increase the security of the joint between
the brake-rod (or "plunger") and brake-rod-tube of an adjustable plunger brake
to a greater extent than is attained by the means usually employed, and also
to provide an improved brake which can be easily attached to the brake-rod-tube
of an adjustable plunger brake as ordinarily applied to the front wheels of rear
driven pneumatic and other elastic tyred cycles, and which acts upon the sides
and not upon the road-tread of such tyres.
The improved method, according to this invention, of increasing the security
of the joint between the brake-rod and the brake-rod-tube of an adjustable
plunger brake, consists in attaching to the top end of the brake-rod-tube a socket
of suitable size, made of suitable metal or alloy, one end of the socket being
bored out to fit the top end of the brake-rod-tube to which it is attached by any
known means, the other end of the socket being tapped with an internal screw-
thread to receive the brake-rod upon which a corresponding screw-thread is cut,
and which. when screwed into the socket engages with the internal screw-thread
tapped therein, thus forming a very strong joint between the two parts. When
the brake-rod has been screwed into the socket the requisite distance, the head
Where
of the brake rod is attached to the brake lever in the ordinary manner.
necessary, the top of the socket is provided internally with a split metal collar
upon which a set-screw impinges for the purpose of preventing side play.
The improved brake, according to this invention, is constructed as follows:-
To the bottom end of the brake-rod-tube is attached by any known means, what
is commonly called an "elbow" made of suitable metal or alloy, and of about
the size ordinarily used in connection with iron gas pipe of one-eighth of an
inch internal diameter, but having upon each end a shoulder, and also having
immovably fixed in each end a short piece of solid rod or tubing made of suitable
metal or alloy forming an arm, the free end of each arm having a screw-thread
cut upon it, or being provided with a screw-threaded plug securely fixed therein,
to receive a correspondingly tapped nut, which, when adjusted, is locked by a
pin for the purpose of keeping in position upon each arm what is commonly
called a cap of suitable size and made of suitable metal or alloy, the hollow
end of each cap being made to fit each shoulder, and the solid end having a hole
Before the caps are
drilled in it of such size as to fit the free end of each arm,
"
وو
finally placed in position upon the arms, the space between the outside of each
arm and the inside of each cap is filled with lubricant or a lubricant retaining
substance. Where a liquid lubricant is used, the interior of the elbow, being
hollow, and also the brake-rod-tube, may be used as a reservoir for the lubricant,
in which case a small oil hole may be drilled in the elbow or brake-rod-tube at

page_text: the most suitable place for the purpose of injecting the lubricant, an oil hole
being also drilled at the most suitable place on each shoulder so as to permit of
the flow of the lubricant between the shoulder and the hollow end of the cap
when placed in position, and then into the interior of the cap, so as, by gravita-
tion, to permit of the lubrication of the arm at the point where the solid end of
the cap revolves upon it. By means of effective lubrication, the caps, when
secured upon the arms by the means before mentioned, are enabled, when brought
into contact with the tyre by the action of the brake-lever being operated in the
ordinary manner, to revolve freely upon their hearings, (viz., the shoulders formed
upon the elbow and the free ends of the attached arms), thus forming a powerful
brake acting upon the sides and not upon the road tread of the tyre, and reducing
to a minimum the risk of damage to the tyre.
Dated this Twenty-ninth dow of Sentembar 1898
Improvements in or relating to Cycle Brake Apparatus and Brakes
for Wheels with Pneumatic and other Elastic Tyres.
EDWIN GILBURT HOWELL, of No. 47, Lansdowne Gardens, London, S.W., Bank
Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner_the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to increase the security of the joint between
the brake-rod (or "plunger") and brake-tube of an adjustable plunger brake
to a greater extent than is attained by the means usually employed, and also
to provide an improved brake which can be easily attached to the brake-tube
of an adjustable plunger brake as ordinarily applied to the front wheel of
rear driven pneumatic and other elastic. tyred cycles, (but which is also capable
of being adapted by any suitable connecting mechanism to the back wheel of
such cycles), and which acts upon the sides and not upon the road-tread of such
cycles.
The improved method, according to this invention, of increasing the security
of the joint between the brake-rod and the brake-tube of an adjustable plunger
brake, consists in attaching to the top end of the brake-tube a socket of suitable
size, made of suitable metal or alloy, one end of the socket being drilled or bored
out to fit the top end of the brake-tube to which it is attached by any known
means, the other end of the socket being tapped with an internal screw-thread
to receive the brake-rod upon which a corresponding screw-thread is cut, (the
pitch of the thread varying according to the size of the brake-rod), and which,
when screwed into the rocket engages with the internal screw-thread tapped
therein, thus forming a very strong joint between the two parts. When the
brake-rod has been screwed into the socket the required distance, the head of the
brake-rod is attached to the brake-lever by means of the existing attachment.
Where necessary, the top of the socket is provided with a split metal collar upon
which a set-screw impinges, for the purpose of preventing side play.
The improved brake, according to this invention, is constructed as follows:-
To the bottom end of the brake-tube is attached by any known means, what is
commonly called an elbow made of suitable metal or alloy, and of about
the size ordinarily used in connection with iron gas pipe of one-eighth of an
inch internal diameter, but having upon each end a shoulder," and also having

page_text: 66
""
"
"
"
99
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cap
"9
immovably fixed in each end a short piece of solid rod or tubing made of suit-
able metal or alloy forming an
arm," the free end of each" arm having a
screw-thread cut upon it, or being provided with a screw-threaded stud" or
plug" securely fixed therein, to receive a correspondingly tapped nut, which,
when adjusted, is locked by a pin for the purpose of keeping in position upon
each" arm what is commonly called a cap" of suitable size and made of
suitable metal or alloy, (gun-metal preferred), the hollow end of each "
being made to fit each "shoulder," and the solid end of each "cap" having a
hole drilled in it of such size as to fit the free end of each "arm." Before
the "
caps are, finally placed in position upon the arms," the space between
the outside of each "
arm and the inside of each "cap" is filled with lubricant
or a lubricant retaining substance. Where a liquid lubricant is used, the interior
of the "elbow," being hollow, and also the brake-tube, may be used as a reservoir
for the lubricant, in which case a small oil hole may be drilled in the "elbow" or
brake-tube at the most suitable place for the purpose of injecting the lubricant,
an oil hole being also drilled at the most suitable place on each "shoulder" so
as to permit of the flow of the lubricant between each "shoulder" and the hollow
end of each " cap when placed in position, and then into the interior of each.
cap," so as, by gravitation, to permit of the lubrication of each arm at
the point where the solid end of each " cap "revolves thereon. By means of:
effective lubrication, the " caps," when secured upon the "arms" by the means
before mentioned, are enabled, when brought into contact with the tyre by the
action of the brake-lever being operated in the ordinary manner, to revolve
freely upon their bearings, (viz., the "shoulders" formed upon the "elbow" and
the points of contact on the attached " arms"), thus forming a powerful brake
acting upon the sides and not upon the road-tread of the tyre, and reducing to
a minimum the risk of damage to the tyre.
66
"
Reference is now made to the accompanying drawings.
"
Fig. I is a vertical section of the socket before it is attached to the top end
of the brake-tube. The top and bottom edges of the socket may either be
straight, or finished off with a bevel.
Fig. II is a vertical section of the socket, brake-tube, and brake-rod, shewing
the socket B, attached to the top end of the brake-tube B2, with the brake-ród B',
(provided with a corresponding screw-thread to that tapped in the socket),
engaging in the top portion of the socket B, but passing clear into the brake-
tube B.
6
Fig. III is a front view in elevation of a round-cornered "elbow," (but a square-
cornered elbow" may be used if preferred), each end of the elbow being
ordinarily screw-threaded internally with what is commonly called a gas thread,
but a Whitworth (engineers') thread of a suitable pitch may be substituted if
preferred, and the thickness of the metal of the elbow" increased or decreased
throughout, or each end of the "elbow" may be provided with a screw-threaded
"bush."
"
"
Fig. IV, is a similar view of the "elbow" E, shewing the "shoulders" formed
upon it alternatively with and without a bevel on the bottom edge of the "elbow,"
and also shewing the attached arms A, A¹, provided with a corresponding
screw-thread to that tapped in each end of the "elbow" or "bush," each
"arm,"
when attached, being held in a lathe chuck so that each "shoulder can be turned
arm. thereby ensuring the parts forming the bearings being in
arms may be immovably fixed to the elbow" before or after the
are formed, by any known process, such as pinning, soldering, and
true to each
line. The
"shoulders
brazing.
"
99
43
"
Fig. V, is a vertical section of a "cap," the hollow end of each "cap," as before
mentioned, being made to fit each "shoulder." The unshaded portion in the
solid end of the cap," represents a hole of such size as will fit the free end of
each "arm."
"
The interior of the "
cap may either be of the same diameter
"
throughout as shewn in Fig. V, or may be recessed or tapered.

page_text: Fig. VI, is a similar section of
"
"
"
66
<
"
a cap" shewing the recessing, which permits
of the cap" containing more lubricant or lubricant-retaining material than
would be contained in a cap made as shewn in Fig. V.
Fig. VII, is a section of an elbow" E, with the arms A, A¹, attached
thereto, and the "caps" C, C¹, placed in position upon the "arms." The "arm" A,
is shewn hollow with a screw-threaded stud or plug S, inserted in it, upon which
a tapped nut N is placed to keep the " cap" C, in position. The screw-threaded
stud or plug S, may, if preferred, be extended upwards to the full length of the
"
arm
arm" A, and may be fixed, together with the
A, by a pin passing
through the "elbow" at the part where it is reduced by the formation of the
shoulder," and it may also, (with or without the "arm"), be made to project
below the flat of the nut N, so as to permit of a foot-rest being attached to it.
The " arm
A', is shewn solid, the "cap" C, being kept in position by a tapped
33
arm
nut N, placed on the end of the
A', which may also be made to project
below the flat of the nut N¹, so as to permit of a foot-rest being attached to it.
The nuts N, N', when adjusted, are prevented from working off by a pin P,
(screw-threaded with a slot in one end preferred), passing through each nut
from side to side and locking it. The unshaded portion at the apex of the
"elbow" E, represents a hole of such size as to permit of the brake-tube being
attached to the elbow by any known means, such as a screw-thread, pinning,
soldering and brazing. The small circles in the interior of the " caps" C, C¹,
represent a lubricant retaining substance.
Fig VIII, shews the "elbow" attached at its apex to the bottom end of the
brake-tube, and gives the general appearance of the brake, and its position,
relatively, in reference to a pneumatic tyre of a cycle.
"
*
33
The details herein described and illustrated may be modified in any convenient
For
manner provided the essential features of the invention are retained.
arms would be to use turned bolts or
example, another mode of forming the
set-screws of a suitable size which may be screw-threaded to fit directly into each
end of the "elbow"
In this case, the turned bolts
"bush" before referred to.
or
or set-screws forming the "arms," after being passed through the solid end of
each "cap," (with or without a lubricant or lubricant retaining material in it),
would be inserted in the ends of the
before referred to,
and, (when the "caps" are in proper position), be prevented from working loose
by a suitable pin passing through the "elbow at a point above the "shoulder,"
the heads of the furned bolts or set-screws answering the same purpose as nuts,
viz., that of keeping the " caps" in position upon the "arms."
65
رو
66
66
elbow
66
"
or
"bush
66
د"
The
I prefer to use caps" formed in one piece of metal or alloy, but they may be
constructed by immovably fixing in one end of a short piece of tubing of suitable
size, a "bush" having a hole drilled in it of such size as to fit each arm.
caps are shewn with square ends, but caps "with rounded or bevelled ends
23 and the arms will vary,
caps
may be used if preferred. The size of the "
elbow" used.
proportionately, according to the size of the "
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
(1) The improved method of increasing the security of the joint between the
two parts of an adjustable plunger brake of a cycle, which comprises a screw-
threaded socket attached to the top end of the brake-tube into which the brake-
rod provided with a corresponding screw-thread engages, substantially as described
and shewn by Figures I & II of the accompanying drawings.
(2) An improved brake for wheels of cycles with pneumatic and other elastic
tyres, comprising two rollers formed of "caps" mounted upon bearings the interior
of the
caps" providing space for the reception of a lubricant or lubricant
retaining substance whereby the "caps" are enabled to revolve upon their bearings
at a great velocity without seizing, the "caps" and bearings being constructed

page_text: substantially as described and shewn in Figures IV to VII of the accompanying
drawings.
(3) An improved brake for wheels of cycles with pneumatic and other elastic
tyres, which, by reason of its construction, and the provision of two points of
application to the tyre, affords a double amount of resistance to the revolution of
the wheel with the minimum of friction, and possessing the advantage of extra
brake-power without the risk of damage to the tyre, substantially as described
an shewn in Figure VIII of the accompanying drawings.
(4) The combination and arrangement of parts constituting an improved brake
for wheels of cycles with pneumatic and other elastic tyres, which acts upon
the sides and not upon the road-tread of such tyres, substantially as described
and shewn in Figures III to VIII of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this Twenty-ninth day of June 1899.
EDWIN GILBURT HOWELL.