IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA- RATUS EMPLOYED FOR PULVERIZING OR REDUCING FLOCKS, MUNGO, RAGS, WASTE, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Rhodes, Thomas Brown Rhodes, and
Joseph Roberts Stoney, all of Armley, near Leeds, in the County
of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPA-
RATUS EMPLOYED FOR PULVERIZING OR REDUCING FLOCKS, MUNGO, RAGS, WASTE,
OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
ealed the 28th May 1875, and dated the 13th March 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Rhodes,
Thomas Brown Rhodes, and Joseph Roberts Stoney at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 13th
March 1875.
We, BENJAMIN RHODES, THOMAS BROWN RHODES, and JosЕPп ROBERTS
STONEY, all of Armley, near Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR Apparatus EMPLOYED FOR PULVERIZING OR REDUCING FLOCKS, MUNGO, RAGS,
WASTE, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The object of our Invention is to pulverize or reduce flocks, mungo,
rags, waste, or other fibrous substances to a degree of fineness necessary
for "flocking" or other purposes, and is as hereafter described.

page_text: Instead of the segment an external cone may be applied and provided
with flutes, spikes, cutters, or knives of the construction herein set
forth.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, BENJAMIN
RHODES, THOMAS BROWN RHODES, and JOSEPH ROBERTS STONEY, all of
Armley, near Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said Benjamin Rhodes, Thomas
Brown Rhodes, and Joseph Roberts Stoney, Her special licence that
we, the said Benjamin Rhodes, Thomas Brown Rhodes, and Joseph.
Roberts Stoney, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Benjamin Rhodes, Thomas Brown Rhodes, and
Joseph Roberts Stoney, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR
PULVERIZING OR REDUCING FLOCKS, MUNGO, RAGS, WASTE, OR OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said
Benjamin Rhodes, Thomas Brown Rhodes, and Joseph Roberts Stoney,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Benjamin Rhodes, Thomas Brown
Rhodes, and Joseph Roberts Stoney, do hereby declare the nature of
our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of our Invention is to pulverize or reduce flocks, mungo,
rags, waste, or other fibrous substances to a degree of fineness necessary
for "flocking" or other purposes, and is as hereafter described.
E
Firstly. Within suitable framework and in adjustable bearings we
mount a cylinder or disc having its periphery fluted with sharp-edged 1
flutes to serve as cutters; or when preferred for the purpose of more
readily sharpening or regulating the cutting edge, the periphery of the
cylinder may be provided with surfaces or slots for the reception of
suitable spikes, cutters, or knives, which may be secured thereto and
adjusted by known means.
Round the cylinder we mount on suitable brackets, which by pro-
ference we make adjustable, any required number of segments, beds, or
an external cylinder. These segments, beds, or external cylinder may
also be fluted or fitted with corresponding spikes, cutters, or knives to
those described on the periphery of the cylinder.
2
The material to be operated upon is passed between the herein-before
mentioned adjustable cylinder (which is caused to revolve), and the
bed or beds, these being in such proximity to each other that the material
in passing between them is cut and otherwise reduced to any required
degree of fineness, this fineness being varied by regulating the distance 2
between the cylinder and beds or segments.
· For the purpose of more readily feeding the material to the machine
or apparatus we provide a hopper, into which the material is thrown,
and passed therefrom into the machine or apparatus to be operated
upon.
When required suitable agitators or feeders may be employed for pro-
viding a regular supply of the material to the machine or apparatus,
and for mixing or loosening the material as it passes through the
machine.
3
Secondly. Instead of the cylinder a conical roller may be employed, 3
having on its periphery flutes, spikes, cutters, or knives of a similar
construction to those named on the herein-before mentioned cylinder.

page_text: This conical roller may also be mounted vertically, horizontally, or at
other suitablo or convenient angles in adjustable bearings, and made to
revolve in the same manner as the cylinder. It is also provided with
one or more segments or beds of a similar construction to those herein-
before mentioned, and is fed by preference with material through a hopper
in the manner described for the cylinder machine.
or a modification of machinery constructed according to our Invention.
Sheet 3 shows a plan of the same looking at the top.
Sheet 4 shows another modification of machinery constructed according
to our Invention, in which Figure 1 is a side elevation; Figure 2, an
end elevation; and Figure 3, a plan looking at the top.
Sheet 5 shews the various arrangements and construction of the
different kinds of cutters employed.
Firstly. We will now proceed to describe the arrangement of machine
shewn on Sheet 1. Within suitable framework a in adjustable bearings b
(adjusted by the packing c) we mount a cylinder or disc d, which may
have its periphery fluted, as shewn, with sharp-edge flutes to serve as
cutters, or when preferred, for the purpose of more readily sharpening or
regulating the cutting edge, the periphery of the cylinder or disc d may
be provided with surfaces or slots for the reception of suitable spikes,
cutters, or knives, as shewn on Sheet 2, which may be secured thereto
and adjusted by suitable known means,

page_text: Round the cylinder or disc d to any required distance we mount on
suitable brackets e any number of segments for beds, or when preferred,
an external cylinder. These segments f, beds, or external cylinder, may
be also fluted, as shewn at 9, or fitted with corresponding spikes, cutters,
or knives, as those shewn on Sheet 2 on the periphery of the cylinder.
The distance between the cylinder or disc d and the beds or segments f
may be adjusted to suit the various sizes of the flocks by means of the
regulating bolts h. Above the cylinder or disc d we provide the
hopper, in which is fitted an agitator j, as shewn, a reciprocating
motion being imparted thereto for stirring up the flocks during the
operation, which has the effect of producing a more regular feed of
flocks to the cylinder.
The material to be operated upon is passed between the herein-before
mentioned adjustable cylinder or disc d (which is caused to revolve,
motion being transmitted thereto through pulley / from some suitable
motive power), and the bed or beds f, these being in such proximity to
cach other that the material in passing between them is cut or otherwise
reduced to any degree of fineness, this fineness being varied by regu-
lating the distance between the cylinder or disc d and the segments or
beds f.
A modification of the herein-before described machine is shewn on
Sheets 2 and 3, where a is the framework on which is mounted in
adjustable bearings 6 the cylinder c, the required vertical adjustment
being obtained by means of the adjusting bolts a mounted on the
brackets e. To this cylinder c is imparted not only a rotary motion, but
also a horizontal reciprocating motion, the rotary motion being trans-
mitted through pulley f from suitable motive power, the reciprocating
motion being transmitted to the cylinder c through pulleys and h,
shaft i, worm 7, worm wheel J, connecting rod k, and arm 7, as
shown.
We provide the bed or beds m, in which are mounted the adjustable
cutters n, adjusted by means of the set screws o. The construction of
these cutters will be more fully described hereafter.
The cylinder c is by preference enclosed in a case p hinged at 2.
Above the cylinder c is provided a hopper r, from which the material to
be operated upon is passed within the case p and on to the cylinder c
through opening 8.

page_text: When the cutters are required to be sharpened the only thing that is
necessary is to cause the cutters to revolve in the opposite direction.
When this is the case the hopper r may be reversed, and the material.
fed through the opening in the case p.
When the material has been cut sufficiently small it may be allowed
to fall out of the case p at the openings or v, which depends upon the
direction in which the cylinder c is running.
Instead of the hopper shewn at that shown at i, on Sheet 1, provided
with the agitator; may be employed.
Secondly. Our Invention consists further as follows:-Instead of the
cylinder herein-before described a cone is employed, as sliewn at a,
Sheet 4, having on its periphery flutes, spikes, cutters, or knives b,
similar in construction to those named on the herein-before described
cylinders. This cone a is mounted in bearings c and d on the frame-
work e. In our Drawings we have shewn the cone a mounted vertically
in its bearings c and d, and also by means of the set screws fit may be
adjusted. It is also provided with one or more segments, beds, or
external cones 7 of a conical construction, mounted in a similar manner
with regard to the cone a as the herein-before mentioned cylinder, and
provided with a similar arrangement of flutes, spikes, cutters, or knives.
A rotary motion is imparted to the cone a from the driving pulley. h
through shaft i, bevel, toothed, or friction wheels J, from some suitable
motive power. The material may be fed through a hopper of a similar
description to those described in the other machines.
i!
Sheet 5 shows some of the varied construction of cutters applicable to
our flock pulverizing machine.
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 shew the construction of fluting when cut on
the periphery of the cylinder.
Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8 show the arrangement of loose cutters, secured
on the cylinder by means of rings or other suitable fasteners on the ends
thereof.
Figures 9 and 10 show modification's of each of the other, the cutters.
being separated from cach other and held together in position by the
wood packings a. At b and c, Figure 10, is shewn an arrangement for
reducing the packing a as it wears.
Figure 11 (bracketed) arc modifications of Figures 5 67' and

page_text: Figures 12 and 13 shew circular spikes fitted into the periphery of the
cylinder or conc.
Figures 14 and 15 show an arrangement of fluted rings, which are
threaded on to the cylinder or cone.
Figure 16 represents a number of cutters placed one above the other, as
shewn at a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, and i, which can be employed when
required instead of the beds and cutters herein-before described.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and shown
by Drawings how the same may be carried into practice, we would have
it understood that we do not limit ourselves to the precise limits, details,
or configuration of the parts we have explained and shewn, as the same
may of course be varied or modified without departing from our In-
vention, but what we do claim and desire to be secured to us by Letters
Patent is,-
Firstly. The arrangement, construction, and application of the ]
cylinders, discs, or concs provided with flutes, cutters, knives, or spikes,
in combination with segments or beds containing flutes, cutters, knives,
or spikes, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
Secondly. The application of an external cylinder or cone in combi-
nation with an internal cylinder or conc, and provided with flutes,
spikes, cutters, or knives, substantially as and for the purpose herein
set forth.
Thirdly. The arrangement, construction, and combination of the
various parts forming the machines, and modifications of the same, sub-
stantially as and for purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Brown Rhodes, for myself,
and on behalf of the said Benjamin Rhodes and Joseph Roberts
Stoney, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-five.
SHAHN