IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE GLAZING OF ROOFS AND OTHER STRUCTURES
Year: 1884

page_text: We JOSEPH DUKE MACKENZIE of 51 Mall Road, Hammersmith, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, and WILLIAM ATCHISON, of 15 Greville Road, Kilburn
Priory, in the County of Middlesex, Merchant do hereby declare the nature of said
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE GLAZING OF ROOFS AND
OTHER STRUCTURES".to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to glazing or setting glass It may be very advantageously
employed in the construction of the roofs of Railway Stations and other large
buildings also for green houses or conservatories and in all cases where sheets or
panes of glass bave to be secured in frames sashes or other supports and is designed
to enable this operation to be performed without the use of putty or other plastic
material.
Heretofore this object has been attained by the employment of lead or other soft
and ductile metal for securing the sheets of glass to sash-bars or astragals, or by
means of sheet metal clips or bars.
We have discovered that asbestos possesses properties which render it very
serviceable for glazing purposes, that is say, it is soft, slightly elastic and imper-
meable or water-proof. And the main object of our present invention is to utilize
this material for such purposes.
We
In carrying our said invention into practice we employ asbestos, either alone, or
in combination with other materials, (for example india-rubber, cotton, or the like),
and either in the form of woven fabric, cord, or mill-board, or otherwise.
apply the asbestos, or the compound containing the same, as packing between the
glass and the frame, sash-bar or other adjunct such as a cap or cover for the frame
or bar. The said frame, sash-bar, or the like may be of metal, wood, or other
suitable material.
According to one method, we apply the asbestos, or the compound thereof, in the
following manner, that is to say, we lay the glass on the projecting edges or flanges
of an inverted T-shaped bar or a sash-bar of other suitable transverse section in the
ordinary manner, we then lay a strip of asbestos in the form of tape, mill-board or
the like along the glass near the edge thereof. A cap is then placed upon the
central web or plate of the T-shaped or other bar so as to press the asbestos
633

page_text: against the glass; and the said cap is secured upon the said bar by pins or screw-
studs, or in any other suitable manner. In some cases we secure strips of asbestos
along the projecting edges or flanges of the bar, for the glass to rest upon.
According to another method we take a sash-bar having a groove in one or both
sides to receive the glass, which bar may be of cast iron or wood, or it may be a
hollow bar of sheet zinc. In the lower part of the groove we place a piece of
asbestos mill-board, tape or the like upon which we lay the glass. We then force
asbestos fibre, either alone or in combination with other materials, into the groove
above the glass so as to hold the same firmly in place.
We can, however, employ the asbestos, or a compound thereof, for the purposes
of our invention in any other suitable manner.
⋅
•
The employment of asbestos, in addition to rendering the roofs or other glazed
parts of a building waterproof, and providing a cushion for the glass to diminish
the liability to breakage of the same by shocks or jars, enables us to make a joint
which will permit the expansion and contraction of the metal or the glass or both,
without causing leakage of the said joint.
Dated this 4th day of March 1884

page_text: We, JOSEPH DUKE MACKENZIE, of 51 Mall Road, Hammersmith, in the County
of. Middlesex, Engineer, and WILLIAM ATCHISON, of 15 Greville Road, Kilburn
Priory, in the County of. Middlesex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE GLAZING OF ROOFS AND
OTHER STRUCTURES " and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to the glazing of roofs, conservatories and other structures,
and is designed to enable this operation to be performed without the use of putty
or other plastic material,
Heretofore this object has usually been attained by the employment of lead or
other soft and ductile metal for securing the sheets of glass to sash-bars or astragals,
or by means of sheet metal clips or bars.
In the specification of former Letters Patent dated 18th January, A.D. 1884,
No 1690, is described the employment, for this purpose, of asbestos either in the
form of a cap, or in combination with a cap formed of metal, wood, or other
suitable material. Our present invention is designed to further. provide for the
utilization of asbestos for glazing purposes.
In carrying our invention into practice, we employ asbestos, either alone or
combined with other materials (such as India-rubber, cotton or the like), and
either in the form of woven fabric, cord or millboard, or otherwise. We apply
the asbestos, or the compound containing the same, as packing, both above and
below the glass, such packing being inserted between the glass and the frame,
sash-bar or other adjunct such as a cap or cover for the frame or bar. This frame,
sash-bar or the like may be of metal, wood or other suitable material.
In the accompanying drawing, we have illustrated, by various transverse
sections, some of the methods of applying the asbestos or compound thereof
according to our present invention.
a indicates the sash-bar and b the glass.
According to one method we take a sash-bar having a groove or channel in one
side, or in each side, thereof to receive the glass. In Figure 1, we have shewn a
cast iron sash-bar a having a groove or channel a¹ in each side thereof. In the
lower part of each groove or channel a¹, we place a strip or piece c of asbestos mill-
board, tape, or the like, upon which we lay the glass b. We then force asbestos
fibre into the groove or channel a¹ above the glass, as shewn at c¹, so as to hold
the glass firmly in place and make a tight joint between it and the sash-bar.
Figure 2 illustrates the application of this method to a sash-bar made of sheet
metal.
According to another method, illustrated in Figure 3, in which we have shewn a
wrought iron sash-bar, we secure a strip c² of asbestos millboard, woven fabric, or
the like on each of the projecting edges or flanges of the sash-bar a, by means of
fish-glue or other suitable cement or adhesive substance. We then place the
glass b on the said strip and lay another strip c of asbestos, in the form of tape,
millboard or the like, along the glass near the edge thereof. A cap d is then
placed upon the central web of the sash-bar so as to press the asbestos against the
glass and hold the latter firmly down upon the lateral wing or flange of the sash-
bar. This cap is preferably formed of flexible sheet metal and held or secured by
pins or projections as described in the said former specification. The said cap may,
however, if desired, be formed in any other suitable manner and be secured upon
the said bar by screws or other convenient means.

page_text: Figure 4 shews a wooden sash-bar with a cap or cover & secured thereto by
screws e. In this case, a strip c of asbestos or a compound thereof is laid on the
edge a² of the sash-bar a, the glass is then placed thereon, and another strip c* of
asbestos or asbestos compound is laid upon the glass. The cap or cover d' is then
secured in place.
When packing composed of or containing, asbestos is employed in the manner
above described, not only are the roofs or other glazed parts of a building rendered
-water-proof, but very effective cushions are provided which diminish the liability
to breakage of the glass by shocks or jars; and the expansion and contraction of
the metal or the glass, or both, are permitted, without liability to leakage of
the joints.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
First. In combination with a sash-bar having a groove or channel in one or both
sides to receive the glass, the employment of asbestos, or a compound thereof, as
packing above and below the glass, substantially as described with reference to
Figure 1 or to Figure 2 of the drawing for the purposes specified.
Second. The combination, with the sash-bar and its adjuncts constructed in the
peculiar manner described with reference to Figure 3 or to Figure 4 of the drawing,
of the strips of asbestos, or a compound thereof, above and below the glass, as; and
for the purposes specified.