CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FABRICATION OF CHINA AND EARTHENWARE, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MACHINERY APPLICABLE THERETO
Year: 1839

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
TREWHITT, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the County of Northumberland, Esquire,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Fourth day of December, in the third year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Henry
Trewhitt, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said Hewitt Trewhitt, my exors, adññors, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Henry Trewhitt, my exors, adññors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exer.
cise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed.
my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE FABRICATION OF CHINA AND
EARTHENWARE, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MACHINERY APPLICABLE THERETO;" in
which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Henry
Trewhitt, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled
in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear..
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Henry Trewhitt, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof. reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, that is to say:

page_text: mode of fabricating china and earthenware by means of moulds or dies and
pressure.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Drawing No. 1-This Drawing represents an elevation of a press and
dies or moulds, the details are shewn in the Drawing No. 2. 1 is the
framing of the press; 2, metal plate; 3 represent other metal plates which
have grooves from the centre outwards, in which the parts of the die or mould
slide from and to the centre. 4 shews the three portions of the concave die
or mould which are opened outwards by means of the cords passing under
the frame of the press, and they are moved by the roller; they are pushed
towards the centre by the springs by pressing on the lever seen at Drawing
No. 1. I prefer these moulds to be of copper. 5 is the pallet of the mould,
part of which is raised as the mould opens to remove the vessel, and, facili-
tates its removal from the mould. 6, tube containing the springs; 7, the
pulley and frame; 8, coupling drivers; 9 shews one half of the zinc cover of
the table; 10, iron shaft or axis saving as the conductor to the die or mould
which forms the hollow of the vessel; 11, the inner die or mould turning on
the end of the shaft 10; and there are two handles affixed to this mould or
die, by turning which, when the act of moulding by pressure is complete, the
die will be detached, and will at the same time polish the interior of the
vessel; 12, section of the dies or moulds, and also the exterior frame, which
encloses the moulds 4, and keeps them secure during the act of moulding; and
there is a small rod, which passing up through the lower part or bottom of
the mould, and which raises the vessel when complete. 13 is a rod around
which the spring 14 is wound; 14, steel springs for forcing in the parts of
the mould (4); 15, copper tubes in which the springs are contained; 16,
bearing in which the parts 13, 14, and 15 are carried; 17 shews the three
parts 13, 14, and 15 together; 18, the joining pieces (8) shewn separately, to
be affixed to the rod 13 and to the end cord; 19, guide pulleys and their
frames separately shewn in the plan at (7); 20, exterior of the mould or dic
(4), with its external frame or case, which is placed over the moulds (4) to
hold them secure when moulding by pressure, and an internal die or mould 21.
Plan of Figure 20.-22 shews the vessel separated from the moulds; 23,
inner mould (4); 24, one third of the plate (2). It will be seen that the
arrangement of the moulds is such, that the various vessels made in the same
dies or moulds will necessarily have the same uniformity and appearance;
and by this mode articles may be made at a much less expence than by the

page_text: ordinary mode, and greater numbers may be produced in the same time with-
out increasing the number of the workmen. Although I prefer copper, the
dies or moulds may be made of other suitable material.
Drawing No. 3 shews a press of a somewhat different description of that
before shewn. I have not thought it necessary to describe the mode of work-
ing of the presses, as they are not new, with the exception of the dies applied
thereto.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would remark, that I lay no claim to
the presses shewn in the Drawings, and different construction of presses may
be employed in carrying out the Invention; and although I have shewn only
two constructions of moulds or dies, one for plates and the other for small
jars, it will be evident that, in making other vessels of china or earthenware,
convex moulds or dies of the figure of the interior will be employed, and con-
cave moulds or dies having the figure of the external of the vessel to be made
therein will be necessary; and when the vessel to be made is deep, then the
concave or die is to be of several picces capable of separating to deliver the
articles moulded.
And I would have it understood that what I claim is, the mode of making
vessels in china and earthenware by means of dies or moulds and pressure,
one of such dies or moulds being of the figure of the interior of the vessel,
and the other of such moulds being of the figure of the exterior of the vessel,
as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Trewhitt, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty