Improvements in Operating the Valves of Gas and Oil Engines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 24th Apr., 1896-Accepted, 30th May, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Operating the Valves of Gas and Oil Engines.
1, Joseph SoutHALL of Woodleigh, Selborne Road, in the City of Worcester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The supply and exhaust valves are situated in the back cover of the cylinder
their centres being on the same horizontal line, behind their stems a horizontal
spindle carried in suitable bearings is revolved at half the speed of the crank shaft
preferably by chain gearing driven from the crank shaft, on this spindle is a casting
working on a sliding key, so that it revolves with the spindle, but can when desired
be caused to move laterally against a light spring. On the face of the casting
three cams are formed, two of which serve to operate the supply and exhaust
valves and the third to perform the governing, for which purpose, both its edge aud
one side are used as cams.
The governor which is driven by a wheel mounted on the spindle, when the
engine exceeds its proper speed, draws back a spring pawl allowing a bar to drop
down between a stop on the back of the cylinder cover and the inner end of a
short lever, so pivotted that during the normal working of the engine it moves
backwards and forwards, its other end urged by a weaker spring than the one on
the spindle, pressing lightly against and following the cam face on the side of the
third cam, this lever when it meets the dropped governor bar is prevented from
moving and therefore drives the cam casting laterally along the shaft bringing a
different outline of the exhaust cam opposide the exhaust valve, which keeps that
valve open during the next charging and compressing strokes, and moving at the
same time the supply cam clear of the supply valve stem. The edge of the third
cam also now comes into action depressing a second small lever which lifts the
governor rod up into its original position where, if the speed of the engine has been
sufficiently reduced the spring pawl again engages with it holding it up and allowing
the cam casting to return by the aid of the spring laterally along the spindle to its
original position to perform its normal operations, if a controlled ignition is used a
further cam can be fixed on the spindle to operate the ignition valve.
Dated this 9th day of October 1895.
JOSEPH SOUTHALL.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Operating the Valves of Gas and Oil Engines.
I, JOSEPH SOUTHALL of Woodleigh Selborne Road, in the City of Worcester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what mauner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
My invention is made clear by the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 being an end
elevation, Fig. 2 a vertical section and Fig. 3 a sectional plan of a valve gear
according to my invention the same distinguishing letters being used on all three
figures to denote like parts.
A is the supply valve and B the exhaust valve, having their centres on the
[Price Sa. 1

page_text: same horizontal line, behind the stems of these valves a spindle C is revolved in
bearings D preferably by chain gearing D' driven by the crank shaft, on the
spindle C is a cam E fitted on a sliding key so as to revolve with C and yet be
free to more laterally along same when desired compressing a light spring F. The
face of E forms three cams E, E and E. E operates the supply valve A,
E' which has a double outline operates the exhaust valve B and which forms
cams both on its edge and one side assists in performing the governing.
Between the cam faces and the ends of the valve stems hang pivotted strips of
metal W to receive the vertical dragging action of the cams, and thus prevent the
bending of the valve stems, on Figure 1, the right hand strip only is shown
complete. G is the governor driven by a toothed friction or hand wheel II
mounted on C.
When the engine exceeds its proper speed the governor G draws back a spring
pawl J allowing a bar K, which can be provided with a rubber or leather quieting
buffer, to drop down between a stop Land the inner end of a short pivotted rocking
lever M. The lever M has a light spring attached to it causing its outer end,
during the normal working of the engine to press lightly against and follow the
cam face on the side of E, the inner end of M working in a slut formed in the face
of K, when however the bar K has been dropped the inner end of M meets a solid
part of it and cannot give to the cam face on the side of E³ thus causing E to move
bodily along C compressing F, the cam E' now misses the stem of valve A preventing
a charge from entering the cylinder and the second outline of the cam coming
opposite the stem of valve B keeps that valve open during the next two strokes
of the piston. The face of cam also now comes int action for as it depresses
the outer end of the spring pivotted lever N at every revolution of C; when the
governor bar K has dropped, N lifts it up again into its original position where if
the speed of the engine has sufficiently dropped the pawl J again engages with it
and holds it up allowing the lever M to rock and the cam E by the aid of the
spring to move laterally along gently to its original position again to perform
its normal operations. If it is desired to control the time of the ignitions any
known form of valve R can be used and can be operated by a further cam V fitted
on the spindle C. O is the exhaust outlet, P the gas inlet and Q the air inlet
S being a hit and miss ventilator kept in position by a flat spring T for regulating
the amount of air admitted to Q through the flap valve W¼.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim i
(1.) Arranging and operating the valves of a gas or oil motor engine
substantially as described and shewn on the drawing.
(2.) For operating the valves of a gas or oil motor engine the use of chain
gearing driven from the crank shaft.
Dated this 22nd day of April 1896.
JOSEPH SOUTHALL.