Improvements in Carding Engines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 12th July, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 12th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 13th May, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carding Engines.
I ERNST GESSNER of Aue, in the Kingdom of Saxony, Machine Builder, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to that system of carding engines which have the doffer
or doffers at the feed side of the machine. Heretofore in such carding engines,
the situation of the doffer or doffers has been above the feed-table, and the side of
the drum or main cylinder facing the feed has necessarily run in the downward
direction, the workers and strippers being chiefly arranged towards the opposite
upwardly running side of the drum.
The objection to this arrangement is that any dirt or foreign substances
contained in the material, cannot be properly removed and remains in the fleece.
For this reason preference is still given to the ordinary system of carding engines
in which the doffer is at the opposite side to the feed table, and by which owing to
the drum passing more working rollers in downward direction the material is better
worked and cleaned.
The old system of carding engines does not, however, allow of employing above
a certain number of working rollers arranged about the drum, except by unduly
increasing the dimensions of the machine, a considerable portion of the circum-
ference of the drum not being used for work.
The present invention has for its object to overcome these drawbacks by
placing the doffer at the side where the material is fed to the drum, but below
instead of above the feed-table as hitherto, so that the direction of rotation of the
drum is such that the side facing the feed runs in the upward direction.
In the accompanying drawings forming part of this Specification Figure 1
represents a carding engine with a doffer beneath the feed-table and Figures 2
and 3 show modifications. By arranging the_doffer p¹ in the way herein specified
nearly the whole circumference of the drum T can be used for work, by providing
it with workers a and strippers w, or with flats, thus increasing the production of
the machine in comparison with the ordinary system, while on the other hand, dirt
or foreign substances will be more effectually thrown out from the drum, owing to
the latter passing most of the working rollers in downward direction.
The doffer p', in taking the fleece from the drum, is running upward, that is in
the same direction as the drum is passing, whereby the fleece F is tranferred to
the upper side of the doffer and taken off by a doffing comb h³ as shown in
Figure 1.
The advantage of depositing the fleece on the upper side of the doffer, is that it
is adapted for receiving layers or fleeces of other material or other colors, as
carried out in the production of spotted or plated yarns.
The doffer p', may or may not act in combination with a fancy roller v¹. In the
place of a fancy an intermediate stripping roller V₁ may be employed as shown in
Figure 2, and in this case the doffer rotates in the opposite direction, the fleece
being transferred by the intermediate roller to the lower side of the doffer. The
stripping roller can be provided with a cleaning roller or fancy V' as indicated by
dotted lines in Figure 2. Several stripping rollers V₁ may be successively
arranged and run at progressively increasing speeds.
Instead of transferring the material direct from a stripping roller V' to the
doffer pl, it may be deposited from the stripper on to an intermediate worker a, as
shown in Figure 3, from which it is taken up again by the drum T, and taken
thence by the doffer p¹.
By combining a doffer below the feed-table with a carding machine of the

page_text: ordinary system having the ordinary doffer opposite to the feed, the two doffers
being used simultaneously, two fleeces can be taken from one drum at opposite ends
to form layers or slivers or to be brought to a condensor separate at each side.
Instead of working the two fleeces separately they may be united to be worked
or brought to one condensor. Instead of taking away the fleeces as at F' by the
comb, the fleece F¹ may be taken from the doffer p¹ by a comb h', and carried
by the aprons L and L' to be united with the fleece on the other doffer p or to be
united at the point Pf with the fleece F after it has been combed from the
doffer p.
Instead of employing one doffer only, two doffers can be employed below the
feed-table, providing the feed-table be arranged correspondingly higher to give
sufficient space.
Instead of employing a doffer-cylinder, the fleece may be doffed below the
feed-table by a doffer of another construction, for instance by a doffer consisting
of an endless band or apron.
This invention is applicable to ordinary carding machines or old machines in use,
but in the old machines the framework does not readily admit of mounting the
rollers, or using the free space, at the lower part of the machine between the feed-
table Z and the ordinary doffer p. I therefore make the underframe of the
machine in two parts, one part G¹ being detachable whilst the other part G³ has a
fixed base and has secured to it by bolts s, the circular frame G³, upon which the
drum T, workers a, strippers w and the fancy V are mounted, and a cross bar D
connecting the frames at opposite ends. With this arrangement about one quarter
of the circular part G³ is free so as to allow of putting the doffer in and out of
its bearings, as well as the fancy V' and doffer comb h² or h². The detachable
part G carries the feed table Z and the doffer pl with comb or 2, while the
fancy is carried by a bearing E secured to the circular part G³. In order to afford
a secure base to the frame work, the detachable part G is bolted to the parts G²
and G3 by bolts s and s', which admit of the detachable part being withdrawn so
that the attendant may enter between the doffer p' and the drum T for the purpose
of cleaning the doffer.
Dated this 12th day of July 1892.
E. CESSNER,
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carding Engines.
I, ERNST GESSNER, of Aue, in the Kingdom of Saxony, Machine Builder, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to that system of carding engines which have the doffer
or doffers at the feed side of the machine. Heretofore in such carding engines the
situation of the dofter or doffers has been above the feed table and the side of the
drum or main cylinder facing the feed has necessarily run in the downward direction,
the workers and strippers being chiefly arranged towards the opposite upwardly-
running side of the drum. The objection to this arrangement is that any dirt or
foreign substances contained in the material cannot he entirely removed and much
of it remains in the fleece. For this reason preference is still given to the ordinary
system of carding engines in which the doffer is at the opposite side to the feed
table, and by which, owing to the drum passing more working rollers in down-
ward direction the material is better worked and cleaned. The old system of
carding engines does not, however, allow of employing above a certain number of

page_text: working rollers arranged about the drum, except by unduly increasing the dimen-
sions of the machine, a considerable portion of the circumference of the drum not
being used for work. The present invention has for its object to overcome these
drawbacks by placing the doffer at the feed side of the drum, but below instead of
above the feed-table as hitherto so that the direction of rotation of the drum is
such that the side of the drum facing the feed runs in the upward direction.
My invention is illustrated in the drawings left with my Provisional Specification
in which
Figure 1 represents a carding engine with a doffer beneath the feed-table and
Figures 2 and 3 shew modifications.
By arranging the doffer p' in the way herein specified, nearly the whole circum-
ference of the drum T can be used for work by providing it with workers a
and strippers w, or with flats, thus increasing the production of the machine in
comparison with the ordinary system, while on the other hand dirt or foreign
substances will be more effectually thrown out from the drum, owing to the latter
passing most of the working rollers as it runs in the downward direction.
The side of the doffer pl which takes the fleece from the drum runs upward, that
is in the same direction as the part of the drum from which the fleece is taken
whereby the fleece F2 is transferred to the upper side of the doffer and taken off by
a doffing comb h³, as shown in Figure 1. By receiving the fleece on the upper side
of the doffer, layers or fleeces of other material or other colors may be readily
combined with it for the production of spotted or plated yarns.
The doffer p may or may not act in combination with a fancy roller v¹. In the
place of a fancy an intermediate stripping roller V₁ may be employed, as shown in
Figure 2, and in this case the doffer rotates in the opposite direction the fleece
being transferred by the intermediate roller to the lower side of the doffer. The
stripping roller can be provided with a cleaning roller or fancy V³, as indicated by
dotted lines in Figure 2. Several stripping rollers V' may be successively arranged
and run at progressively-increasing speeds. Instead of transferring the material
direct from a stripping roller V' to the doffer p₁ it may be deposited from the
stripper on to an intermediate worker a, as shewn in Figure 3, from which it is
taken up again by the drum T and taken thence by the doffer p'.
By combining a doffer below the feed table with a carding machine of the
ordinary system having a doffer at the side opposite to the feed as usual, two fleeces
can be simultaneously taken from one drum at opposite sides to form layers or
slivers or to be brought to separate condensers. Instead of working the two fleeces
separately they may be united and brought to one condenser. Instead of taking
away the fleeces as at F by the comb h2, the fleece F¹ may be taken from the
doffer p' by a comb h¹ and carried by the aprons L and L' to be united with the
fleece on the other doffer p or to be united at the point P, f, with the fleece F after
it has been combed from the doffer p. Instead of employing one doffer only, two
doffers can be employed below the feed-table providing the feed-table be arranged
correspondingly higher to give sufficient space.
Instead of employing a doffer-cylinder the fleece may be doffed below the feed-
table by a doffer of another construction, for instance by a doffer consisting of an
endless, band or apron.
This invention is applicable to ordinary carding machines or old machines in
use, but in the old machines the framework does not readily admit of mounting
the rollers, so as to utilize the free space at the lower part of the machine between
the feed-table Z and the ordinary doffer p. 1 therefore make the under-frame
of the machine in two parts, one part G¹ being detachable whilst the other
part G has a fixed base and has secured to it by bolts s², the circular frame G³
upon which the drum T, workers a, strippers w, and the fancy V, are
mounted and a cross-bar D connecting the frames at opposite ends. With this
arrangement about one-quarter of the circular part G is free so as to allow
of putting the doffer p¹ in and out of its bearings as well as the fancy V¹ and
doffer comb or h'. The detachable part G carries the feed table Z and the

page_text: doffer p' with comb ¹ or 2 while the fancy is carried by a bearing E secured to
the circular part G³. In order to afford a secure base to the framework, the detach-
able part G is bolted to the parts G and G³ by bolts and s which admit of the
detachable part being withdrawn so that the attendant may enter between the
doffer p and the drum T for the purpose of cleaning the doffer.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is-
1. A carding engine having a doffer p' mounted below the feed-table Z the two
revolving in such direction that the fleece is transferred from the upwardly-running
side of the drum T to the upwardly-running side of the doffer, as specified.
2. In a carding engine having a doffer p' mounted below the feed-table Z the
combination, with the drum and doffer, of an intermediate stripping roller V' for
transferring the fleece from the drum to the doffer, as specified.
3. The combination, with a carding engine having one or several doffers arranged
in the ordinary way at the opposite side to the feed-table, of a doffer pl arranged
below the feed-table whereby the fleeces taken from the doffers at opposite sides
may be united or may be treated or divided separately at each side, as specified.
4. In a carding engine as described, the under frame constructed of a part G'
having a fixed base and having the upper frame or circular part G³ secured to it,
and of a detachable part G¹ which may be withdrawn to enable the doffer or other
rollers mounted below the feed table to be taken out of their bearings, as described.
Dated this 12th day of April 1893.
By A. M. & Wm. Clark,
E. GESSNER,
53, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agents.