I- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARNS OR THREAD ON BOBBINS OR PIRNS FIXED ON SPINDLES DRIVEN BY GEAR OR COGGED WHEELS, AND FOR WINDING WEPT FOR EITHER HAND OR POWER LOOMS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Davison and Joshua Crowther, Lansdowne
Spinning and Weaving Factories, Limerick, for the Invention of "I-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARNS OR THREAD ON BOBBINS OR
PIRNS FIXED ON SPINDLES DRIVEN BY GEAR OR COGGED WHEELS, AND FOR
WINDING WEPT FOR EITHER HAND OR POWER LOOMS."
Sealed the 5th June 1857, and dated the 5th December 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Davison and
Joshua Crowther at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 5th December 1856.
We, ROBERT DAVISON and JOSHUA CROWTHER, of Lansdowno Spinning
& Weaving Factories, Limerick, do hereby declare the nature of tho said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR WINDING YARNS OR THREAD ON
BOBBINS OR PIRNS FIXED ON SPINDLES DRIVEN BY GEAR OR COGGED WHEELS, AND
FOR WINDING WEFT FOR EITHER HAND OR POWER Looms," to be as follows:-
The using of a collar or socket revolving in a stationary bearing or bearings
with a mitre, a spur, a bevil or skew-geared wheel fixed or keyed on it, working
into another wheel with gear to match, keyed or fixed on a line shaft, which
is driven by the motive power. At one end of the said collar or socket there
are clutches or jaws, which, fitting into similar ones on what is called the clutch
box, makes it revolve while in hold with the collar.
The spindle runs through and turns freely in a round hole passing through
the centre of the collar and of the clutch box in the line of their axis. A certain
length of the spindle, about equal to the parallel part of the bobbin or pirn, is
made square, or has a projection on it, which, fitting into a correspondingly

page_text: shaped bole in a small plate secured on the top or end of the clutch box, makes
the spindle revolve with the clutch box and collar as long as any part of the
square or projecting part of the spindle is in the shaped hole on top or end of
clutch box. The pirn or bobbin is attached in the usual manner to the top or
head of spindle, and is pressed against the "cup," which regulates the size and
shape of the cone or mass of yarn wound on the pirn, either by a lever with
counterpoise weight, by a line or chain passing over a pulley with a weight
attached, or by a crank and weight, or by a spring.
As the yarn in being wound on the pirn fills up the cup the spindle is
gradually forced through the clutch box and collar till the entire of the squared
or projecting part has passed through the fitted hole on top of clutch box, when
tho spindle will cease to revolve. The square or projection on spindle is so
placed on it that when the pirn has received its full quantity of yarn or thread
the entire of the square or projecting part will have just passed through the
I
fitted holo on clutch box.
The motion of the spindle is stopt either by removing the cup, when the
pressure on its opposite end will force all the squared or projecting part
through and clear of the fitted hole on clutch box, or by lifting or removing by
hand or by lever the clutch box clear from the collar, or when the pirn or
bobbin has received its full and proper quantity of yarn or thread.
EFECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Robert Davison and Joshua Crowther in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 5th June 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ROBERT
DAVISON and JOSHUA CROWTHER, Lansdowne Spinning and Weaving Factories,
Limerick, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of December, in the year of our Lord Ono
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Robert Davison and Joshua Crowther, IIer special licence that we, the said
Robert Davison and Joshua Crowther, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Robert Davison and Joshua Crowther,
our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at. all times thereafter during, the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,

page_text: within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
WINDING YARNS OR THREAD ON BOBBINS OR PIRNS FIXED ON SPINDLES DRIVEN BY
GEAR OR COGGED WHEELS, AND FOR WINDING WEPT FOR EITHER HAND OR POWER
LOOMS," upon tho condition (amongst others) that we, tho said Robert Davison
and Joshua Crowther, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describo and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the samo to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Offico. within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Robert Davison and Joshua Crowther,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
samo is to bo performed, to bo particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to,
say):-
Our Invention relates to apparatus or machinery for filling or winding yarns
or thread on shuttle or other bobbins or pirns, and consists in the particular,
arrangement and construction of the spindles upon which the bobbins or pirns
are placed when being filled, and the parts in connection with such spindles,,
whereby they are driven or their motion suspended, for the purposes and as
herein-after described.
The spindles may be driven by spur, bevil, or skew-toothed gearing, or by
other suitable means, while at the same time and by means of our improve-
ments the motion of the bobbin spindle is suspended by the self-action of the
machine when a sufficient quantity of thread or yarn is wound upon it. The
spindle also remains stationary. while the bobbin is being removed, or while.
joining a broken thread, although the driving gear at all times continues in.
motion. For this purpose we employ a spindle which is free to rise and fall,.
as ordinary spindles used for the purpose, and upon the top of which the
bobbin is placed to be filled. The spindle rests on a step at the lower part,,
which has a constant tendency to rise, but the spindle is held down by an
inverted conical cup bearing upon the conical part of the bobbin, and on the
tbread as it is wound thereon, which, as regards its general principle, is as usual
in such machines.
We place each bobbin spindle within a socket piece, which takes a bearing
in the upper and lower spindle rails. The driving wheel is fixed upon the,
socket, and the spindle is of itself free to slide lengthways, and to revolve

page_text: within this driving socket. The upper part of the socket is fitted with a cap
piece, which rests on a flanch formed on the socket, and is carried round with
it by means of a pin projecting above the flanch, and received into the cap
piece, or it may be any other suitable clutch piece. The upper part of this cap
has a square hole in it, through which the upper part of the bobbin spindle
passes freely. This upper part is round, and is not at all affected by the motion
of the socket and cap. Immediately below this round part a square part is
formed on the spindle, which is free to slide through the square hole in the cap,
but which causes the spindle to rotate with it. The lower part of the spindle
(which is fitted to the socket) is of a diameter greater than that of the square
taken at the angles, which is therefore freely received within the same socket.
The action is thus:-When the bobbin has a sufficient quantity of thread or
yarn wound upon it the spindle descends so far by the pressure of the cap upon
the bobbin that the square part passes entirely within the driving socket, which
then rotates without the spindle, and consequently suspends the further winding
of the yarn on the bobbin. Again, when the bobbin is about to be removed or
the broken thread pieced, the conical pressure cup is removed by turning it on
one side, which allows the spindle free liberty to rise, which it does by the
action of the rising step, until it brings the large round part of the spindle up
against the socket cap, which it lifts and removes from contact with the pin
or clutch of the socket flanch; the spindle then remains stationary.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents an end view of a machine, having the spindles arranged
and constructed according to our Invention; while Figures 2, 3, and 4 repre-
sent the parts in detail on an enlarged scale; Figure 2 represents a detached
view of the spindle and its accessories arranged according to our Invention,
showing the bobbin in position when empty; Figure 3 represents the same
after the bobbin has been filled, or in other words, with a sufficient quantity of
the yarn or thread wound upon it; while Figure 4 represents the same with
the conical cup removed or turned aside, allowing the socket cap to be lifted
out of gear from the driving clutch or flange of the spindle socket, which
receives the motion from the driving gear.
A, A', are the rails of the machine supporting the several bobbin spindles,
which in Figures 2, 3, and 4 are represented in transverse section, which is
also the case with reference to the several parts for transmitting the motion to
the spindle, in order that the different positions of the spindle B, B, and the
effects produced by those different positions may be distinctly shown. The
socket piece or tube C, C, is fitted in bearings in the rails A, A¹, and rests on

page_text: the upper rail by means of a projecting flanch C. This socket is truly bored
to receive the spindle B, B, which from 1 to 2 is cylindrical, so that it may
slide freely within the socket C, or remain stationary while the socket rotates,
which it does constantly by reason of the skew-toothed wheel F being keyed or
otherwise fixed upon the socket C, and gearing with the toothed wheel F¹ fixed
on the horizontal shaft P, which receives motion from the driving power. Tho
spindle B, B, from 2 to 3, is formed rectangular, of such size as will easily pass
within the socket C, C, while the upper part of the spindle from 3 to 4 is
cylindrical, and of a diameter less than the side of the square from 2 to 8. The
upper part of the socket C is furnished with a cap D, which is truly bored, and
fitted to the exterior of the socket piece C, which is of a cylindrical form. The
top of this cap piece consists of a plate D' fixed thereto, and having a squaro
hole through it fitted to receive the square part of the spindle from 2 to 3,
which slides freely therein, and when the cap piece rotates it carries the spindlo
round with it. The flange C¹ is furnished with a projecting pin E, which is
received into a hole G formed in the under part of the cap picce D, so that
when the cap piece D is free to rest on the flange C', the pin E enters the hole
G, and causes the cap D to participate in the rotary motion of the socket C.
I is the conical cup which bears on the bobbin or pirn K, K, and on the thread
or yarn wound thereon, and gradually forces down the bobbin spindle B as the
bobbin becomes filled. This cup I is carried by the top rail 'L, and fitted on a
pin fixed therein, on which it may be turned round and out of contact with the
bobbin K, as seen in Figure 4. This part, together with the traversing rod M,
for delivering or conducting and distributing the yarn on the bobbin will be
readily understood as being of the ordinary character used in machines for
filling shuttle bobbins.
The spindle B, B, rests at the foot on a step carried by the lever H, which
has a counterbalance weight regulated to give the spindle a sufficient ascending
power for the purpose required.
Figure 2 represents an empty bobbin K, placed on the spindle to be filled,
with the cup I in position. In this Figure it will be seen that the square part
of the spindle has risen up through the square hole to nearly the full extent,
and is prevented rising higher by the conical cup I pressing on the bobbin.
In this position the socket C communicates motion by its clutch from E to the
cap D; the motion of the cap is transmitted to the spindle B by the square
hole in the plate D' taking effect on the square part of the spindle. By the
winding on of the yarn the spindle will be caused to descend, gradually carry-
ing the square part of spindle slowly down through tho square hole in the
plate D', until ultimately the point 3 passes below the plate D', when that

page_text: In
plate will be free to rotate without the spindle B, by means of the small round
part from 3 to 4 presenting no hold for the plate D'. This takes place when
a sufficient quantity of the yarn has been wound on the bobbin, which then
stands still, although the other parts of the machine continue in motion.
removing the full bobbin from the spindle to replace it by an empty one, the
cup I is turned on one side, so as to allow the free rise of the spindle B,
which then ascends, as seen in Figure 4. In this ascent the square part of
spindle enters the square hole D', and rises till the point 2 comes in contact
with plato D', and thereby lifts the cap D until the hole G is freed from
the pin E; thus, although the square part of spindle and the square hole
in D. are interlocked, the spindle remains stationary by reason of the dis-
engaging of the clutch pin E, and thereby affords the necessary facility for
removing the full bobbin and replacing it by an empty one. By this same
arrangement and proceeding the bobbin may be stopped at any time for uniting
the thread when it breaks, or for any other purpose.
-
Although we have described the part of the spindle from 2 to 3 as being
square in its horizontal cross section, a triangular or any other form may bo
adopted, which will afford the same capabilities; any other form of clutch
may also be substituted for the pin E without departing from our Invention,
and instead of the skew driving gear F, F, represented, any other suitable
toothed levil or other gear may be employed.
Having described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of carrying
the same into effect, we wish it to be understood that what we claim as of our
Invention, intended to be secured by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent, is, the arrangement and combination of parts in connection with
spindles driven by toothed or other gearing for filling or "winding on ' yarn
or thread on shuttle or other bobbins ar pirns, whereby the rotatory motion of
the spindle is communicated or suspended, for the purposes and as herein-
before described.
་་
In witness whereof, we, the said Robert Davison and Joshua Crowther,
have hereunto set our hands and scals, this First day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
ROBERT DAVISON.
Signed
(L.S.)
JOSHUA CROWTHER. (L.S.)