Improvements in and connected with Stoves.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 5th July, 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Stoves.
I, BOGUSLAV SZELIGA ZYCHLIN VON ZYCHLINSKI, of Wittenberg in the Kingdom
of Prussia and German Empire, Royal Building Surveyor, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to stoves such as are employed in heating apartments and
these Improvements consist in the construction and arrangement above the fire of a
funnel-like grate through which the fuel is supplied to the fire, and a smoke collector,
from which the smoke and the gases which are formed by the slow distillation of the
fuel contained in the upper grate escape unburned to a smoke consumer or combustion
chamber through which they are led past the fire in the lower grate, and where they
are ignited. There may be added a receptacle for containing a reserve of fuel, and
flues and passages for the conveyance of the products of combustion and for the
circulation and heating of air.
I will more particularly describe my Invention with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which Figure 1 is a vertical section; Figure 2 a transverse section of the
upper part of Figure 1; Figure 3 a similar section through the upper part of the
upper grate; Figure 4 also a similar section across the lower part of Figure 1 ;
Figure 5 a vertical section shewing a modification of the construction represented in
Figure 1; and Figure 6 a cross section of Figure 5.
In each of the Figures similar parts are represented by similar letters of
reference.
Referring first to the construction illustrated by Figures 1 to 4 inclusive, the part
of the apparatus to which the fuel is supplied and by means of which it is conveyed to
the combustion grate consists of two parts A and B of which the upper part A into
which the coal is supplied through a suitable door in front or at one side, acts simply
as.a receptacle or is equivalent to a hopper. From the chamber or receptacle A the
fuel descends by gravity to the funnel-like grate B which forms the actual source of
supply to the combustion grate F.
At the part where the receptacle A terminates within the grate B there is a smoke
collecting chamber C which has openings D at its lower end. (Figures 1 and 3).
The upper grate is provided with bars or equivalent openings E.
The combustion grate F is arranged below the filling grate B and it preferably has
a basket-like form and is closed below by a plane grid G.
When the fuel in F has been ignited and the progress of combustion has been well
established, the coals in B which are nearest to the fire are, in consequence of the
beat, subjected to a process of distillation. The combustible products of this dis-
tillation escape through the openings in B and also through the openings D and are
conducted past the glowing fire in F, by means of which they are ignited and burnt,
to the flue H.
This arrangement ensures such a complete utilisation and combustion of the coals
that very little or no smoke is produced. Any variety of hard or of firm brown coal
may be employed broken to "nuts."
The stove requires a strong draught to start the fire therein and for this purpose
he flue K leading direct to the chimney is provided. The flue may be opened or
closed at will by means of a damper I and a suitable handle such as J, Figure 3. By
neans of this damper the flue K can be closed and the flue H opened, or the reverse
s may be desired.
The flue H consists of a tubular passage which may be formed from metal pipes,
nd leads the products of combustion in the case of iron stoves either directly or
inuously to the chimney, or in the case of tile and similar stoves constructed as

page_text: represented by the drawings, into the flues of the stove which may be arranged as
circumstances dictate.
From the stove flues the products of combustion are
conducted to the chimney.
The tubular flue H is not enclosed in brickwork or otherwise but is contained in an
open vertical passage of the stove as shewn in Figures 1, 2 and 3. This open vertical
passage is in communication with the air in the apartment to be heated by means of
the comparatively large openings L and M. The air from the room consequently
enters continuously by the lower opening L and ascends through the vertical passage
in contact with the flue H by which it is heated, finally escaping through the
opening M near the ceiling or upper part of the apartment, so that a continual
circulation and warming of the air is secured and a uniform temperature is
maintained.
The fire being constantly burning, a portion of the air is required for the
combustion; this is provided for by means of ventilation in the apartment.
The modification of the stove illustrated in Figures 5 and differs from that
represented in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4, chiefly in the absence of the lower part of the
filling receptacle A and of the flue H; in all other respects it may be constructed and
operate precisely in the same manner as hereinbefore described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.-
(1) In stoves, the construction and arrangement of a funnel-shaped grate B above
the combustion grate, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and
as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
(2) In stoves, the combination and arrangement of an upper funnel-shaped grate B,
a receptacle for fuel situated above and communicating with the grate B, and a smoke
collector C, constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose herein-
before described and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 15th day of Anril AD 1800
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.