A CERTAIN NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD, OR CERTAIN NEW OR IMPROVED METHODS OF MANUFAC- TURING TWISTED GUN AND PISTOL BARRELSs
Year: 1850

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
AARON ROSE, of Halesowen, in the County of Worcester, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by
Her Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the
Twenty-fourth day of October (One thousand eight hundred and fifty), in
the fourteenth year. of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and succes-
sors, give and grant unto me, the said Aaron Rose, my exors, adñors,
and assigns, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and autho-
rity, that I, the said Aaron Rose, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Aaron Rose, my exors, admors, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make; use, exercise, and vend within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed; my Invention of "A CERTAIN NEW OR
IMPROVED METHOD, OR CERTAIN NEW OR IMPROVED METHODS OF MANUFAC-
TURING TWISTED GUN AND PISTOL BARRELS," in which said Letters Patent

page_text: is contained a proviso that I, the said Aaron Rose, shall cause a par-
ticular description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same,
reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the
said Aaron Rose, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, are fully de-
scribed and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
that is to say:
My Invention consists, firstly, of improvements in welding the seamis
or joints of twisted gun and pistol barrels; and, secondly, of im-
provements in finishing the said twisted gun and pistol barrels.
The manner in which I carry the first part of my Invention into
effect is as follows:-I take a rod of iron or rod of steel, or a rod com-
posed partly of iron and partly of steel, the said rod having a length
and thickness suitable to the size of the barrel about to be made; and by
means of a coiling machine (the construction of which is herein next
described) I coil the said rod into the form of a compact helix, the
several coils of the said helix being made to touch each other. The
coiling machine is constructed as follows:-Two horizontal axes or shafts
situated parallel to each other are geared together by means of toothed
wheels, so that rotation being communicated to one, the other is made
to rotate in a contrary direction, by means of the ordinary mechanism
used for such purposes, the said axes are thrown into and out of gear
with the driving machinery: A square hole is made in the end of each
shaft or spindle, into which holes the 'axes or mandrils on which the
rods are to be coiled are introduced; the end of the rod of metal to be
coiled is taken hold of by a hook or clutch-fixed on the coiling mandril
and a rotary motion is communicated to the shafts; the said rod of iron
coils round the said mandril. As the shafts rotate in different directions
ä right or left handed direction is given to the helix into which the ród
of iron is coiled, according as the said coiling has been effected on the

page_text: mandril having a right or left handed rotation. I then submit the
coiled rod to the action of a small tilt hammer, in which a semi-
cylindrical die is substituted in place of the flat face of the hammer, and!
a similar semi-cylindrical die is affixed to the anvil on which the said:
hammer works, so that when the said hammer rests on the said anvil.
the said dies by contact form a cylindrical mould. By subjecting the
coiled rod of iron to the action of the said hammer and anvil a cylindrical
form is given to it preparatory to welding The coiled rod or partially:
formed barrel is next heated in an air furnace or hollow fire, that is to
say, a fire urged by a blast. (The construction of the said air furnace or
hollow fire is well known, and constitute no part of my Invention.) In
the side of the air furnace or hollow fire, opposite to that side at which
the partially formed barrel is introduced, is a small hole. When the
partially formed barrel has been raised to a welding heat an axis or
mandril is passed through the said barrel, and the end of the said man---
dril is introduced into the said hole at the back of the furnace. By means
of a washer on the said mandril the said mandril is prevented fromi
passing into the said partially formed barrel to a distance farther than
is necessary to allow of about six inches of the said mandril to project
out of the said barrel into the said hole at the back of the furnace. The
said washer is maintained.in its place on the mandril by a cross piece
of iron passed through a hole made in the said mandril; the workman
by striking that end of the mandril which projects from the front of the
furnace compresses the said partially formed barrel longitudinally be-
tween the said washer and back of the furnace, and thus welds together
the several coils of which the partially formed barrel is 'made;. or, instead
of effecting the welding in the said furnace or hollow fire, the said par-
tially formed barrel, when at a proper heat, may be removed from the
furnace or hollow fire on the said mandril, and by. introducing the pro-
jecting end of the mandril into a hole in a proper vertical support the
workman may, by hammering the other end of the said -mandril, beat
up and weld together the twists, seams, or joints of the partially formed
barrel. When the welding is effected out of the furnace it may be
sometimes requisite to heat the said partially formed barrel a second or
third time:

page_text: I next proceed to finish the said barrel by the following processes;.
that is to say, I raise the said partially formed barrels to a welding
heat, and pass the said barrels between a pair of rollers having suitable
taper or parallel grooves; the said barrels are passed through the said
rollers without any mandril or internal support. This process smooths
the exterior of the barrels, and perfects the welding of the same.
A
stream of water is made to run on the rolls, by which the scale is,
thrown off. Instead of finishing the partially formed barrels by the
method last described, I sometimes finish them by the following
method:-I take a welded coil, and raising it to a welding heat subject it
to the action of the tilt hammer and anvil herein-before described, the
workman drawing the said partially formed barrel up and down, and
turning it round in the semi-cylindrical groove in the anvil during the
rapid action of the said hammer; by this means the welding is completed,
and the figure of the barrel improved. When the temperature of the
barrel has fallen below a welding heat the workman turns on a stream
of water into the semi-cylindrical groove of the anvil, and again works
the said barrel up and down the anvil, and turns it round during the
rapid action of the hammer, the barrel during this time still retaining a
red heat.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be under-
stood that I claim,
Firstly, the use of the machine herein described for wrapping up or
coiling metallic rods for making gun and pistol barrels.
Secondly, the method of forcing up by hammering the twists or seams
of partially formed gun or pistol barrels while at a welding heat, and
while either in or out of the air furnace or hollow fire in which they
have been heated, by means of a rod of iron furnished with a washer
on the rod, the said rod being passed through the coil or partly formed
barrel, as herein-before described.
Thirdly, the use of a hollow fire for heating the coil of which a gu
or pistol barrel is made, whether the said coil be made by the metho
herein described or by the ordinary method.
Fourthly, passing the partially formed gun or pistol barrels throug