matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER TO COMPRESS AIR AND STORE THE SAME FOR USE AND IN MEANS FOR AUTOMATICALLY GOVERNING THE APPLICATION OF MOTIVE POWER ">
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Ross at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th May 1883.
[$
WILLIAM ROSS of [No] 2 Garsdale Road, Hill Street, Peckham in the County
of Surrey Engineer
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE
POWER TO COMPRESS AIR AND STORE THE SAME FOR USE AND IN MEANS FOR
AUTOMATICALLY GOVERNING THE APPLICATION OF MOTIVE POWER ">
For the purposes of this invention I construct a vertical turret within which is
fitted a vertical shaft to which is keyed one or more fans. Around the turret at
equal distances apart are guide plates to direct the wind through apertures in the
tower on to the blades of the fan or fans and thereby obtain motive power from
the force of the wind.
Water may be employed to drive the fan or fans instead of wind in which case
the turret would be entirely open for one portion and closed for another portion of
its circumference to allow of access to and passage away of the water.
The motive power thus obtained is communicated by the vertical shaft to a
crank shaft in connection with an air pump whose office is to pump air so as to
compress it within a reservoir from which it may be drawn for use in the usual
manner.
When high pressures are required instead of an air pump and reservoir I employ
a greater number both of air pumps and reservoirs so arranged in series that the
first air pump of the series pumps into the reservoir corresponding to it, the second
air pump pumps from the first reservoir to the second reservoir and so on.
The compressed air is automatically supplied to one or more motive power
engines by means of ordinary clockwork mechanism provided with an index
indicating the twenty four hours which mechanism may be adjusted so as to start
and stop the said motive power engine or engines at any determined time.
The dial of the clockwork mechanism is caused to revolve in a manner similar
to that of ordinary revolving clock dials; the back of said revolving dial is
provided with a circular slot for the reception and adjustment of two or more studs
which are fixed as required immediately behind any particular time indicated on

page_text: the dial at which it may be desired to start and stop the motor driven by the
compressed air. The studs having been suitably adjusted behind any particular
figures on the dial the clock dial revolves in the usual way and when either the
starting or stopping stud arrives at the point due to such particular time such
starting or stopping stud comes in contact with a starting or stopping lever which
it operates by pressure thus opening or closing a valve suitable for the purpose.
This method of starting and stopping machinery at a determined time may be
applied to motors generally.
The clock and clockwork which is of the usual construction may be worked by
the usual weights or springs but I prefer to use for this purpose a small fan driven
by compressed air from a reservoir.
IMPROVED ARRANGEMENTS, AND COMBINATIONS OF ESCAPE WATER VALVES, FOR STEAM ENGINE CYLINDERS, AND FOR AN IMPROVED VALVE EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Carrington at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd July 1883.
WILLIAM CARRINGTON of Openshaw near Manchester in the County of
Lancaster Engineer, "IMPROVED ARRANGEMENTS, AND COMBINATIONS OF ESCAPE
WATER VALVES, FOR STEAM ENGINE CYLINDERS, AND FOR AN IMPROVED VALVE
EMPLOYED THEREIN."
To each end of the Steam Engine cylinder I apply one or more clack or back
pressure valves communicating by pipes with a main escape valve, the pressure
on which is regulated by weights or springs, or I cause each clack valve to
communicate by a pipe, with an independent escape valve, and in either case,
when the engine is at work the condensed water at each end. of the cylinders is
forced through the clack valves, and collects in the pipes.
The stationary part of the main or independent escape valve, has an annular
opening, surmounted by two concentric seatings, and the moveable lid or cover
of the valve has two concentric facings corresponding with the seatings, so
that when the valve is closed, there is only a small annular surface exposed to
the pressure from the steam cylinder, but when the valve lid is raised, the
accumulated water, acts on its entire inner surface, and keeps it open, until the
pressure is greatly reduced, and most of the water allowed to escape, from between
the clack valves, and the main or independent escape valves: the clack or back
pressure valves preventing any water or air returning to the cylinder.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE APPLICATION OF GAS TO COOKING AND HEATING AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF OVENS AND STOVES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Flint at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th April 1883.
WILLIAM FLINT of Sheffield in the County of York "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR THE APPLICATION OF GAS TO COOKING AND
HEATING AND IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF OVENS AND STOVES."
This Invention relates to improvements in the method of and apparatus for
the application of gas to cooking and heating and in the construction of ovens and
stoves
This Invention consists firstly in the combination with the oven of an ordinary
cooking range or stove of a pipe or pipes with apertures or a set of burners for
the application of gas and the construction of the oven to fit it for gas heating,
so that the oven can be heated either with gas or by the ordinary coal firo as
desired, without removal of the gas heating apparatus
In constructing this apparatus a union can be fixed into and through the lower
part of the oven to which the pipe or burners will be connected on the inside of
the oven, and the pipe to main, tap, and appliance for mixing air with the gas on
the outside thereof. At the top of the oven an aperture will be made through
which the products of the combustion of the gas will escape by a pipe lending into
the chimney or flue pipe. The aperture in the top of the oven, or the pipe afore-
Baid, will be fitted with a damper cover or cap which will be closed when the oven
is heated by coal in the ordinary manner
This invention consists secondly in the construction of the oven of an ordinary
cooking range or gas cooking stove with a front or door fitted with a pane or sheet
of glass (with or without a reflector) so that the person using the oven can soo the
contents and also see if the gas jets are burning properly and can regulate their
burning, and the heat of the oven without opening the door; the conditions under
which the combustion of the gas takes place being entirely changed when the oven
door is shut it follows that the gas cannot be properly regulated when the door is
open and the act of closing the door often extinguishes the gas flame whereby the
food in the oven becomes vitiated.

page_text: This Invention consists thirdly in the combination with the oven of a gas
cooking stove of a range of pipes or a casing to contain and heat water, the said
pipes or casing being connected with a tap on the outside of the stove by which
the hot water will be drawn off. The range of pipes or casing in the oven are by
preference connected with a water supply cistern by which they would be filled,
and if desired the water in the said cistern heated by the said range of pipes or
casing
The water in the pipes or casing is heated by the waste heat of the cooking
stove
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th April 1883. A com-
munication to him by Georg Leser, Theodor Leser, and Wilhelm Leser, trading
under the firm of Gebr. Leser, G. Wittmann Nachf, and all resident at
Hamburg in the German empire
"
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL Civil Engineer and Patent Agent in the
city of Hamburg Germany "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR EXTINGUISHING
FIRES a communication to me by Georg Leser, Theodor Leser, and Wilhelm
Leser, trading under the firm of Gebr. Leser, G. Wittmann Nachf, and all resident
at Hamburg in the German empire;
This Invention relates to certain improvements in steam jet fire extinguishing
apparatus and has for its object, in case of fire, to set the apparatus at work
automatically.
The rooms that have to be protected are put in connection by means of a pipe or
pipes with the steam of a boiler and the inlet opening for the steam is shut off in
each room by a valve, which when opened allows a strong current of steam to rush
into the room sufficient to extinguish a fire. The valve is in one construction
connected to a cover or cap turnable on the outer casing of the valve and attached
to same by means of a coarse quick thread. If the cover or cap is turned the one
way, it rises on the casing aforesaid, the valve opens and the steam rushes out
into the corresponding room whilst if turned the other way it shuts off the steam
inlet.
The opening of the valve is executed automatically in case of a fire in the
following manner to the outer cover of the valve two arms are fastened and placed
in different directions and to one arm a cord or string is attached and is led over
the other arm or through an eye or opening of this arm and is at its free end
loaded by a weight.
The cord or string is connected to a quick match carried through the room in an
exposed position thus that in case of fire, the quick match catches fire and destroys
the cord carrying the weight. The weight is by means of a chain or wire rope
further connected to the arm of the valve cover and turns the same so that the
valve opens and allows the steam to rush out through openings into the room.
D..:

page_text: In another modification of this Invention the automatic opening of the valves is
attained in the following manner :—
To the valve seat two or more supporting rods of brass or copper are attached
which rods carry at the free end a cross piece to which is fastened the valve rod
made of iron or steel. The brass or copper rods are surrounded by a combustible
material that is put in connection with the before mentioned quick match. In case
of a fire the quick match lights the enwrapping material and heats the copper rods
which expand more than the iron valve rod, in consequence of which the valve is
lifted from its seat and allows the steam to enter the room. The expanding action
of the metal rods may also be transported to the valve by means of intermediate
levers for the purpose of enlarging the lift of the valve.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE SEPARATION AND UTILIZATION OF THE ALKALI USED IN THE EXTRACTION OF CRUDE CARBOLIC ACID FROM COAL TAR OR COAL TAR OILS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Josiah Lane of Elland in the county of York
Manufacturing Chemist and David Vincent Steuart of Manchester in the
county of Lancaster Chemical Manufacturer for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE SEPARATION AND UTILIZATION OF THE ALKALI USED IN THE
EXTRACTION OF CRUDE CARBOLIC ACID FROM COAL TAR OR COAL TAR OILS"
in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Josiah Lane and David
Vincent Steuart at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
17th May 1883.
JOSIAH LANE of Elland in the county of York Manufacturing Chemist and
DAVID VINCENT STEUART of Manchester in the county of Lancaster, Chemical
Manufacturer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SEPARATION AND UTILIZATION OF THE
ALKALI USED IN THE EXTRACTION OF CRUDE CARBOLIC ACID FROM COAL TAR OR
COAL TAR OILS.
Our invention consists in the use of sulphuretted hydrogen and lime for the
separation and recovery of the alkali used in the extraction of crude carbolic acid
from coal tar oils.
The usual method adopted in the extraction of crude carbolic acid is by washing
coal tar oils with a dilute solution of caustic soda thus forming a carbolate of soda
from which the carbolic acid is disengaged by sulphuric acid, soda sulphate
remaining as a bye product.
In our method we dispense entirely with the use of sulphuric acid and disengage
CD
77

page_text: the carbolic acid from its combination with soda or any other alkali by the aid of
sulphuretted hydrogen when a sulphide of the alkali is formed and separated from
the carbolic acid.
In order to recover the alkali for further use we lixiviate the sulphide by means
of lime when a sulphide of lime is formed and precipitated and the alkali
becoming disengaged and recausticised its solution after settling is fit to be again
used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LATCHES OR FASTENINGS FOR DOORS, GATES OR SHUTTERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Wright at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th January 1883.
WILLIAM WRIGHT of Droylsden, in the County of Lancaster, "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LATCHES OR FASTENINGS FOR DOORS, GATES OR
SHUTTERS'
"
This invention relates principally to that class of doors gates or shutters which
aro made to slide upon rollers or otherwise and the object of the invention is to
construct a safer and stronger fastening than the padlock usually employed in
locking such doors in position.
When applying my invention to doors of this description I attach on the outer
face thereof a hinged bar, (preferably vertical) the action of which is limited by a
metal strap in which works its upper end. This bar is provided with a projection
passing through a hole or slot cut through the thickness of the door, or formed
by a strip of metal fastened to the edge thereof.
The metal strap allows this hinged bar to be pulled away by a suitable handle
fixed or formed thereon for a sufficient distance for this projection to be flush
with the inside face of the door. This handle serves also for sliding the door
itself to and fro.
Upon the jamb or post to which it is proposed to fasten the door I fix a lock
of any known construction so that the bolt thereof is shot in a plane parallel
to that in which the door slides and I form a projecting stop against which the
door butts when shut.
.
The face plate of the lock is prolonged and bent inwards at right angles so as to
conceal or protect the bult and a slot is made in this face plate in such a position
that when the door is shut and the bar above described pushed flat against the
door, the projection on this bar will enter the said slot in this plate; a hole slot or
notch is formed near the end of this projection so that when the bolt is shot by
turning the key of the lock, the door cannot be slid away as the projection is
bolted into the door post. It will be evident that the lock may be made so that
the bolt is entirely enclosed therein.

page_text: The prolongation of the face plate would then be unnecessary; tho slot or
opening for the projection from the bar on the door would be made in a suitable
part of the face plate itself, or this slot might be made in a separato sheet of metal
bolted to the door post or jamb in order to make my invention applicable to
existing locks.
I would here remark that I do not wish to confine myself to the fastenings for
sliding doors, as with slight modification my invention would be also applicable for
other fastenings, such, for instance, as those employed for securing venetian or
other shutters..
COOKING STOVES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Russell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th February 1883.
JAMES RUSSELL of Reading, in the county of Berks, Agent
GAS COOKING STOVES
"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
One of the great disadvantages attending the use of gas cooking stoves as at
present constructed is the fact that the gas is frequently left burning after the
cooking is finished thereby causing great waste.
Now my invention relates to improvements in gas cooking stoves whereby the
gas supply is automatically diminished by being partially turned off either by
the opening of the door or on the removal from the oven of the joints or other
articles being cooked, and, on the door being shut and a lever pulled underneath
the latch, or on a joint or other article being placed in the oven the supply of gas
is automatically turned on.
In one arrangement for carrying out my invention the shelves of the oven of
the gas cooking stove are balanced for which purpose they may be supported on
suitable uprights connected to one end of a lever or beam moving on a suitable
fulcrum, the other end of the lever being weighted to the required extent; or a
spring may be employed instead of the weight. I provide an additional gas cock
constructed so that when turned off the gas shall be entirely cut off from the
supply pipe; the gas is however allowed to pass through a smaller pipe suitably
arranged and thus the flames of the burners are reduced to a mere glimmer. This
cock either forms the fulcrum of the herein before described lever or is connected
thereto so as to be operated by its movement.
By this arrangement the gas being turned on as usual the burners of the oven
on being lighted will only have a small flame, but on a joint or other article being
placed in the oven the shelf will be depressed and the additional gas cock thereby
turned on and the full supply of gas allowed to pass; on the joint being removed
the shelf will rise and the supply of gas will be diminished by the closing of the
additional gas cock.
It will be evident that the hereinbefore described arrangement may be made to
entirely shut off the gas when the oven is not required and a flash light may be
provided to automatically light the burners on a joint being placed in the oven.

page_text: In a modification of my invention when the gas is to be turned on or off by the
closing or opening of the door of the stove, the lever operating the gas cock is
itself operated by the latch of the oven door or by any other suitable projection.
When the door is closed one end of the said lever is drawn towards and rests or is
caught underneath the latch of the door when the gas will have full way through
the supply pipe, but upon the door being opened the weighted or spring end (as
the case may be) of the lever falls and closes the gas way through the said pipe,
the gas passing through the small pipe referred to when describing my first
arrangement and thus the flames of the burners are reduced to a mere. glimmer;
the full gas way cannot again be opened unless the door is closed and the lever
pulled down underneath the latch.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PACKING CASES, BOXES AND CRATES, AND IN APPLIANCES FOR CONNECTING TOGETHER THE SEVERAL PARTS THEREOF
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Henry Ellis at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th January 1883.
GEORGE HENRY ELLIS, of 21 Finsbury Pavement, London, Consulting Engineer,
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PACKING CASES, BOXES AND CRATES,
AND IN APPLIANCES FOR CONNECTING TOGETHER THE SEVERAL PARTS THEREOF,
My improvements have for their object to construct packing cases, boxes and
crates in such a manner as to effect economy of space both in storage and transit
when empty.
The principle of my invention is that employed in the tongued metallic paper
fastener, or the one familiarly known to mechanics as the tongue and slit.
In carrying out my invention I provide flexible metallic tongues, bands, or
fasteners, which I fit or apply, to or upon, either the sides, ends, lids, or bottoms,
alternately with slits or slot-boles in the corresponding parts of the case, box or
crate; and when the article is required to be fitted together the tongues are passed
through the slits and then lapped down, in a similar manner to the paper fastener.
To take the case asunder, for convenience of storage or transit, it is only necessary
to reverse this operation, as will be readily understood. For extra security the
lapped ends of the tongues may be fastened or sealed down.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Kennedy at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th February 1883.
JAMES KENNEDY of Strabane, in the County of Tyrone, Ireland Shirt
Manufacturer IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING MACHINES
My invention relates to certain improvements in washing machines arranged for
domestic use for the washing of clothes: and consists in forming the tub for holding
the water and clothes with a circular or flat bottom, in either case small fluted
friction rollers are inserted at suitable distances from each other, and the inter-
vening spaces between the rollers being filled with stationary boards or other hard
material which are also corrugated.
When a circular bottomed tub is used, I mount above the friction rollers and
corrugated boards, a large corrugated roller which is capable of being raised and
lowered to suit the convenience of the attendant in adjusting the clothes. By
lowering the large roller until in contact with the clothes and turning the former
the clothes are pressed and rubbed between the corrugated rollers and boards.
When a flat bottomed tub is used the clothes are placed on the small friction-
rollers and corrugated boards as before described and are pressed down with a
corrugated top to which a reciprocating motion is given thereby rubbing the
clothes between the two surfaces.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STIRRUPS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th March 1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Johannes Persson of Bosarp, in the Kingdom of
Sweden
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, " IMPROVEMENTS IN STIRRUPS " [A com-
munication to him from abroad by Johannes Persson of Bosarp, in the Kingdom
of Sweden]
This invention relates to stirrups and has for its object to construct a stirrup,
which, in case a rider is thrown from his horse, will allow the foot to be readily
released therefrom.
According to the said invention the stirrup consists essentially of two main parts,
the tread plate or foot bar and the bow, the former being movable upon pivots in
the said bow. The tread-plate or footbar is also connected with a second bow,
consisting of two movable bars. The said movable bars are connected with the
tread-plate by joints and their upper ends are pressed against each other by a spring
placed within or under the said tread-plate and acting on the lower ends of the
said movable bars.
Dust is prevented from getting to the spring by means of sockets placed on the
ends of the spring and connected therewith.
If a rider is unhorsed his foot is pressed against the movable bars of the second bow
whereupon their upper ends separate and permit the foot to pass between them
whereby the rider is released.
The movable bars are then pressed against each other by the action of the said
spring. A movable loop for fastening the strap of the stirrup is also provided on
the main bow.
AN IMPROVED SYSTEM OF AND MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING BETWEEN TRAINS IN MOTION, AND BETWEEN TRAINS AND STATIONS,
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Atkinson Jordan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th March 1883.
ALFRED ATKINSON JORDAN; of Hackney, in the County of Middlesex, Electrical
Engineer, AN IMPROVED SYSTEM OF AND MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATING
BETWEEN TRAINS IN MOTION, AND BETWEEN TRAINS AND STATIONS,
My invention relates to an improved system of and means or apparatus by means
of which railway trains in motion and on the same line and in the same or opposite
direction, can be brought into continuous electric communication and be able, at
any moment, to communicate or speak with one another, or with stations on the
line, so that collisions may be prevented and notes may be made as to what
is said.
In carrying out my Invention I provide a metal rod, block or piece, terminating
at one end in a head or plate, and at the other end in a fork. The headed portion
is embedded in an insulating, substance, which is enclosed in a box or chamber
bolted to the engine at any convenient part thereof. In the forked end of the rod
a contact wheel is mounted, and runs or travels along a metal rail (suitably
insulated) which is laid down at any convenient part between the two existing
rails.
A second and similar arrangement of apparatus may, if desired, be attached to the
guards break.
From the head or plate of the forked rod two connecting wires lead to the
telegraph instrument which is placed on the engine, and also to the instrument on
the guards break, for purposes of communication.
The insulated rail conveys the electric current from the contact wheel or wheels
on the train, to other contact wheels on other trains, on the same line, and thus to
the instruments on the trains and in the stations, a branch wire being in connection
with the insulated rail and stations.
A bell, or other phonetic signal, is used in connection with all the instruments.
MENTS IN SELF-ACTING SIGHT-FEED LUBRICATORS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Clyne at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th April 1883.
JAMES CLYNE of the City and County of Aberdeen, North Britain
MENTS IN SELF-ACTING SIGHT-FEED LUBRICATORS."
"IMPROVE-
This Invention, which relates to improvements in self acting or automatic feed
lubricators, has for its object to effect economy in the oil or other lubricant. The
apparatus constructed in accordance with this Invention consists of a cup or
reservoir mounted on a sole or support and furnished at its upper end with a
cock for filling it from time to time as required with the oil or lubricant.
Above the oil cup or reservoir a chamber or condenser is situated into which
steam is conducted by a pipe connected to its upper part, the lower end of the
condenser also communicating by a pipe with the lower part of the oil reservoir
or cup, by which means water is conducted thereinto. In a branch of the said
pipe extending horizontally between the condenser and the oil cup a valve is
placed and in the said branch and in an arm or bracket extending horizontally
from the sole of the lubricator a glass tube is carried parallel to the side of
the oil cup or reservoir. An air valve is also provided and at the side of the glass
tube nearer the engine another valve or cock is placed in the said branch.
Into the lower end of the glass tube, which is filled with water, a nozzle is
introduced the said nozzle being formed on a pipe passing through the horizontal
arm or bracket of the sole of the lubricator and thence upwards towards the upper
end of the oil cup or reservoir.
'
By this arrangement when the apparatus is in operation the oil passes drop by
drop up the glass tube and through the cock or valve last mentioned into the steam
way from whence it is conducted to all parts of the engine with which the steam
comes in contact. By looking at the glass tube the quantity so passing may be at
once ascertained and by the cock or valve it can be regulated at pleasure.
METHOD OF TEACHING SOLDIERS AND OTHERS THE USE OF THE RIFLE AND IN THE TARGET AND CARTRIDGE CASE TO BE USED THEREWITH
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edwin Heath at the Office
of the Cominissioners of Patents on the 31st December 1883.
WILLIAM EDWIN HEATH of 176 Camden Road in the County of Middlesex
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
Captain 21 (Finsbury) Middlesex Rifle Volunteers
METHOD OF TEACHING SOLDIERS AND OTHERS THE USE OF THE RIFLE AND IN
THE TARGET AND CARTRIDGE CASE TO BE USED THEREWITH.
This Invention consists of Improvements in the method of teaching Soldiers
and others the use of the Rifle and in the target and cartridge case to be used
therewith
I provide a case or tube of solid metal fitted to the Breech of the rifle as a
cartridge case and bored in the front part to the size suitable to the bullet and at
the rear of the cartridge case recessed to receive a screwed steel or iron gun nipple
on which is placed a percussion cap, the recess so formed in the rear is filled after
capping by a solid annular block or thick ring of metal for the purpose of retaining
the gases evolved and preventing the breaking up of the cap when exploded which
getting into the lock imperles its action through the centre of this block a circular
aperture is made so that the cap is exposed at the end to the blow of the central
pin of the lock.
The block is prepared with holes fitting a key for its extraction for recapping.
The target is of iron placed behind a diaphragm of card board or other suitable
material for the purpose of preventing the splashing of the lead on the breaking
up of the bullet and for collecting and saving the lead-as this target is intended
rincipally for use at short ranges and as the rifle is intended to be used with the
sights raised to represent all the various distances up to or over 1200 yards and as
the trajectory varies in direction with each elevation of the backsight I place the
target between uprights and raise or lower it as required to intercept the bullet
at its proper time of flight the aiming point being a fixed point.
The charge of powder being small is regulated by the length of the gallery in
which the shooting takes place and the degree to which the target is raised is
governed by the same rule.
I claim separately and in combination the annular block at the base of the
cartridge, and the Target with its card-board screen and the raising or lowering
of the Target as the rifle sights are raised or lowered-the point aimed at being a
fixed point.
A MECHANICAL APPARATUS TO BE USED IN NAVIGATING THE AIR AND WHICH I DESIGNATE THE "METEOR" [MIRROR
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Per Sjöström at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd May 1883.
PER SJÖSTRÖM, of 16 [7.] Southam Street, Westbourne Park, [in the City of]
London, [in the County of Middlesex.] Power Loom Overlooker A MECHANICAL
APPARATUS TO BE USED IN NAVIGATING THE AIR AND WHICH I DESIGNATE THE
"METEOR" [MIRROR]
For this purpose I use screws, the frames of which are made of light tubes, in
iron or steel and so arranged as to ensure the maximum of strength with the
minimum of weight. The frames when made are covered with strong canvas or
other suitable material. A rotary motion in a vertical plane is imparted to the
screws by means of transverse driving shafts, the shaft themselves receiving their
motion from a Steam Engine or any other motor I may deem most suitable. Each
screw has two blades extending in a straight line upon the said driving shafts and
have attached to them rectangular frames by means of which and in combination
with two eccentrics I obtain a transverse reciprocating motion. The Eccentrics
themselves do not revolve but remain stationery except when their positions are
altered for the purpose of starting stopping stearing or propulsion The positions
of the Eccentrics are altered by means of screws in combination with levers chain
wheels and gearing so that the person working the machine can by a single
movement of a handle guide the apparatus in any direction The said Eccentrics
are by means of the said combination of screws levers chain wheels and tooth
gearing caused to move backwards and forwards and by so doing the angles of the
screw blades in relation to their plane of revolution are altered and varied thus in
passing through that part of their plane of revolution during which they are
required to exert their greatest lifting or directing force the screw blades present
their entire surface to the resistance of the atmosphere and their smallest surface
in gliding through those portions of that plane where it is necessary to avoid such
resistance. In consequence of being able to vary the angles of the screw blades I
can use and apply my power at discretion and so rise stop or move in any given
direction at will the screws and shafts are extended sufficiently fore and aft to
admit of ample clearance when in motion. In applying the Steam Engine as a
Motor for long journeys I use compressed air reduced to a low temperature for
purpose of steain condensation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE JOINTS OF DRAIN PIPES FOR LAND DRAINING AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Edwards Mechanic and John Williams Iron-
'monger both of Cardiff in the County of Glamorgan for an Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE JOINTS OF DRAIN PIPES FOR LAND DRAINING AND
OTHER PURPOSES
"
-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Edwards and John
Williams at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th May
1883.
DAVID EDWARDS Mechanic and JOHN WILLIAMS Ironmonger both of Cardiff in
the County of Glamorgan. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE JOINTS OF DRAIN PIPES FOR
LAND DRAINING AND OTHER PURPOSES.
The object of our Invention is to provide efficient means for preventing
irregularity and displacement of pipes in draining.
Great difficulty has been experienced in keeping the pipes even and regular in
the drains especially in soft and loose ground.
By our Invention we provide efficient means for over coming this difficulty.
We will now proceed to explain in What manner we accomplish this result
We make the pipes with scalloped ends consisting of any number of scallops or
projections of any suitable shape so as to form a bond in such a manner as to
prevent any deflection or irregularity at the joints.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said David Edwards and John Williams in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 13th November 1883.
DAVID EDWARDS, Mechanic and JOHN WILLIAMS Ironmonger both of Cardiff in
the County of Glamorgan. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE JOINTS OF DRAIN PIPES FOR
LAND DRAINING AND OTHER PURPOSES.
The object of our invention is to provide efficient means for preventing
irregularity and displacement of pipes in draining.
Great difficulty has been experienced in Keeping the pipes even and regular in
the drains, especially in soft and loose ground.
By our invention we provide efficient means for overcoming this difficulty, we
will now proceed to explain in what manner we accomplish this result.
We make the pipes with scalloped ends, consisting of any number of scallopes or
projections of any suitable shape, so as to form a bond in such a manner as to
prevent any deflection, or irregularity at the joints.
And in order that our invention may be more completely understood, reference
is given to the accompanying drawings; and to the letters and marks thereon.
Fig. 1. is a perspective view.
Fig. 2. is a longitudinal section of drain pipe constructed according to our
invention.
A. A are sections of pipe jointed together at B. as described.
In Witness whereof, we the said David Edwards and John Williams, have
hereunto set our hands and seals this ninth day of November in the year of
Our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eighty three.
DAVID EDWARDS. (L.S.)
A MACHINE FOR DIVIDING BRISTLES, HAIR OR OTHER FIBRES INTO BUNCHES OR TUFTS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Clayton Mewburn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th June 1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Alphonse Philippe Dupont of Beauvais France
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN of 169 Fleet Street in the City of London Patent
Agent and Consulting Engineer, "A MACHINE FOR DIVIDING BRISTLES, HAIR OR
OTHER FIBRES INTO BUNCHES OR TUFTS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
"1
[communicated to him from abroad by Alphonse Philippe Dupont of Beauvais
France]
In the manufacture of brushes in the ordinary way the work women regulate
by hand the size of the bunches or tufts to be inserted into the holes in the brush
stock. This regulation which requires great nicety and care can only be properly
performed after a long apprenticeship and even then it occupies considerable time.
Now the object of this invention is to construct a machine for dividing or
separating the fibres into bunches or tufts and presenting them to the workwoman
or attendant as successively formed.
The machine is constructed as follows:-Upon a suitable frame is a table which
supports a guide for a reciprocating slide. In this slide is a notch for receiving a
bunch or tuft of the fibres as hereinafter explained and the opening or size of this
notch is regulated by wedges which are connected together by a screw passing
through a mortise in the slide. By moving these wedges in the one direction or
the other the size of the notch is increased or diminshed and consequently the size
of the bunch or tuft of fibres received therein is varied as required. The fibres to be
separated or divided into bunches are laid in a recess or reservoir above the slide
and are held down by a plate upon which a weighted rod presses; the weight can
be regulated as required or an adjustable spring can be substituted for the weight.
The plate is itself guided and held by 3 other small rods; it compresses and holds
the fibres in the reservoir until the quantity inserted therein has been exhausted
by the notch of the slide. The extremity of the thick end of the mass of fibres
bears against a plane surface in the form of a movable guide which is moved
inwards or outwards according to the length of the fibres.

page_text: The slide which carries the notch receives its reciprocating motion by preference
from a pedal which is weighted so as to keep the slide drawn back except when
the forward movement is given by the foot of the attendant. Or the slide may
be worked by hand or other power. A stop in a vertical slide prevents the mass
of the fibres in the reservoir being drawn off at the same time as those held in the 5
notch.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Strang at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 29th May 1883.
JOSEPH STRANG of Ramsbottom in the County of Lancaster
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR STRETCHING WOVEN FABRICS "
This invention relates to the construction of expanding rollers such as are
employed in front of drying calendering mangling or other machines for the purpose
of stretching and smoothing the woven fabric breadthwise from selvage to selvage,
and presenting it in that form to the working rollers of the machine; and more
particularly to that class of expanding rollers consisting of a series of longitudinal
bars, having their surfaces cut or notched somewhat like a file (half to the right
and half to the left), which are caused to expand and contract alternately as the
roller revolves by means of projections on their inner sides, which run in a groove
in the periphery of a fixed cam set obliquely to the axis of the roller.
The objects of the invention are first to regulate the amount of expansion and
contraction, so as to give any definite amount of stretch required. Secondly to
afford means for setting the roller so that the expansion shall commence at any
required part of its revolution, according to the angle at which the fabric may
approach or leave the roller, and thirdly to compensate for the wear and tear of the
longitudinal bars as they slide on the blocks which support them.
In the first place I make the grooved cam in two parts, fixed together by means
of bolts, and in the interior of each half thereof I form two semicylindrical recesses,
which, when the cam is screwed together, embrace two pins or trunnions projecting
from a boss or sleeve through which the axle of the roller passes. Thus it will be
evident that the cam can be set to a more or less acute angle obliquely to the axis
of the shaft so as to give more or less expansion and contraction to the notched
bars, balls or projections upon the back of which run in the groove of the cam.
At one side of each cam is a lug to which is attached a screwed bolt passing
through the fixed bracket which supports the axle and thus the obliquity of the cam
can be adjusted and the same fixed in any required position.
Secondly The bolt passes through a curved slot in the fixed bracket concentric
with the axis and by altering the position of this bolt in the slot the cam with its
Pasi 71

page_text: sleeve can be set sooner or later on the axis so as to cause the expansion to
commence at the desired point.
And Thirdly I fix (by screws or otherwise) plates to the back of the notched
bars at those points where they slide upon the blocks in order that when the same
become worn by use the plates alone require to be renewed instead of having to
supply fresh notched bars.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EASELS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adolph Tuck at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th May 1883.
ADOLPH TUCK, of 72 and 73 Coleman Street, in the City of London, Fine Art
Publisher. "IMPROVEMENTS IN EASELS "
My improvements consist in making a movable support for holding up pictures,
cards, or other articles on Easels, made of cardboard, papier maché or other pliable
substances, which support when the Easel is not being used, falls flush with the
face of the Easel, and thus takes up no room in packing. I attain this by
stamping out two or more (but preferably three) portions of the substance of which
the Easel is made, in the form of three sides of a square or parallelogram, the
bottom side being left intact, so that it acts as a species of binge, and, when the
parts so partially stamped out are pulled from the face of the Easel, supports
the picture. When not in use the part is simply pushed back into its place. It
will be understood that I do not confine myself to a square shape, as the part may
be stamped out in an oval or round or many other shapes, so long as the bottom
is left intact to act as a hinge as above described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF POROUS VESSELS FOR THE PROPAGATION OF CERTAIN KINDS OF GRASSES AND THE LIKE FROM SEED
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Attilio Guiseppe Biffo and Guiseppe
Dionisio at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th October
1883.
ATTILIO GUISEPPE BIFFO and GUISEPPE DIONISIO, both of High Holborn in
the County of Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF POROUS
VESSELS FOR THE PROPAGATION OF CERTAIN KINDS OF GRASSES AND THE LIKE
FROM SEED."
Our Invention relates to the manufacture of vases and other vessels of a more or
less ornamental form or character and of a material having such qualities, more
particularly as regards porosity, as to be suitable as a medium for the germination
of seeds and the growth therefrom of grasses and herbaceous planta.
The Invention consists in a peculiar composition formed by the combination of
certain ingredients for the manufacture of the articles in question, and a peculiar
mode of firing or baking the moulded articles whereby the desired qualities are
acquired.
The composition consists of Terra Cotta of the peculiar kind obtainable in the
environs of Turin in Italy, combined with hard wood sawdust in about the
proportion of 100 grammes of the latter to 5 kilogrammes of the former. We
find that walnut wood sawdust gives the best results. These two ingredients are
intimately mixed together in about the above proportions and moulded or
otherwise formed by the ordinary methods in use for making pottery ware, into the
vases or other vessels of the desired shape. The moulded or other articles are then
subjected for about 15 days to a constant temperature of about 50° to 60° Centi-
grade in an oven heated preferably by steam pipes so as to ensure the equable
temperature necessary to the obtainment of the required degree of porosity to
enable water to percolate through them quickly enough to nourish plants growing
upon their exterior surface.
The seeds of grasses and herbaceous plants will adhere to the outer surfaces of
such vessels when moistened and will germinate and flourish provided the vessel.
be kept filled with water.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LATCHES AND LOOKS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick James Biggs at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd April 1883.
FREDERICK JAMES BIGGS of Leadenhall Buildings in the City of London
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LATCHES AND LOOKS "
The object of the first part of my invention is to make latches reversible that is
to say capable of being adapted to either a right hand door or a left hand door.
For this purpose I fit in a circular hole or opening in the end of the latch or lock
case a disc which is free to be rotated therein when not held by a catch. This
disc has a rectangular hole to give passage to the bevelled end of the bolt or latch;
this bevelled end is not rigidly fixed to the bolt but is free to be rotated thereon
with the disc aforesaid. The disc is formed with two notches or recesses at
diametrically opposite points and in connection with these notches is a catch which
always takes into one or other of them; the catch is by preference a spring
attached to the inside of the end plate. If the bevelled end of the bolt is in position
for say a right hand door and it is required to apply the latch or lock to a left
hand door the catch is temporarily freed from the notch of the disc by a knife
blade or otherwise; the bevelled end and disc are then moved half round on their
axis by turning the bevelled end by hand; the other notch of the disc will then
be in position to receive the catch and thereby hold the bevelled end in the reversed
position, that is to say, for a left hand door.
My invention further consists in the combination with a tubular latch or lock
case of a bolt or latch consisting of a rectangular frame whose width is nearly
equal to the diameter of the tubular case so as to be neatly held, and slide therein;
the great advantage of a tubular case is that it will fit into a round mortise made
by an auger so that the tedious process of cutting a mortise as is required for an
ordinary rectangular mortise lock or latch is dispensed with. I fix the tubular
case by brazing or otherwise to an end plate which forms a neat facing to the lock,
this end plate being screwed to the door.
My invention further consists in the employment for the purpose of keeping the
bolt or latch in its norinal or forward position of a spiral spring fitted between the
rear end of the bolt and the inner end of the case and embracing a pin projecting
from either the bolt or the case.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Terry and John Scott
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd July 1883.
WILLIAM TERRY and JOHN SCOTT of Dudley Hill near Bradford in the County
of York, Commission Wool Combers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
COMBING WOOL AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
"
This Invention relates to machinery for combing wool and other fibrous
substances in which the material is fed to the circular comb in tufts by means of a
pair of nipping jaws placed inside the circle. According to one method we mount
the nipping jaws upon a fulcrum placed towards the centre of the circle and give
them a rising and falling motion by means of a cam and lever; the opening and
closing of the jaws being effected by means already described in Specification of
Letters Patent granted to us and dated December 22nd 1882 N° 6125-Instead of
giving the nipping jaws an oscillating motion from a fulcrum in the interior of the
circle we may mount the same upon a rod pas-ing through a long collar or boss
mounted upon two centres. The rising and falling motion is imparted by cain
and lever as above stated whilst by means of an additional guide rod we may
impart a curvilinear motion to the jaws.
In both instances the material is fed to the nipping jaws by a gill head which
may be caused to reciprocate either horizontally or upon a slight inclino so as to
accomodate the feed to the oscillatory motion of the nip.