IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING, OR STAMPING CARDBOARD, METAL, AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Sloper, of Walbrook House, Walbrook,
in the City of London, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING,
CUTTING, OR STAMPING CARDBOARD, METAL, AND OTHER MATERIALS."
Sealed the 31st August 1869, and dated the 3rd March 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Sloper at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 3rd March 1869.
City of
I, JOSEPH SLOPER, of Walbrook House, Walbrook, in the
London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
MACHINES OB APPARATUS FOR PERFORATING
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PUNCHING, CUTTING, OR STAMPING CABDBOARD, METAL, AND OTHER MATERIALS,"
to be as follows that is to say:-
I
. The Invention embraces the constructing machines or apparatus for
the purposes set forth, in which are employed in combination a hanging
or vibrating lever or frame, and a forcing rod or plunger moved or
carried and guided thereby, and moving longitudinally with regard
thereto, such motion being caused by the rod or plunger (or a roller

page_text: thereon) being brought to bear against a cam or cams or inclined
surfaces, or being caused by other mechanical arrangements for pro-
ducing it as a result of or from the motion of the vibrating lever. The
motion of the forcing rod or plunger is for producing (by proper tools)
the perforating, punching, cutting, or stamping action which may take
place against a die, or resistance plate, or block, or matrix, or other
equivalent, or tool or counter tool carried by the vibrating lever or other-
wise presented to its action. And the Invention includes the making
the die, or resistance plate, or block, or matrix, or tool, or counter tool
to move towards the forcing rod or plunger (during its action,) such
motion being derived from the rod itself or from the vibrating lever or
from both, and with or without lever or other arrangements in connec-
tion, the effect being to halve or reduce the extent of motion of the said
rod which would otherwise be necessary, and so to produce a quick and
powerful action.
And I further declare the means by which the said Invention is to be
carried into effect to be as follows:-The apparatus may have a bed
plate or foot supporting a curved pillar or arm from which the vibrating
lever may depend; the said lever may be made hollow to contain and
guide the forcing rod within it, and inclined or cam surfaces may be
provided on the curved arm, against which surfaces the vibration of the
lever may cause the rod (or roller thereon) to bear, and as a result of
such bearing to move within the lever as above set forth. The said
surfaces or rollers may be made adjustable. The cam action may be
provided for motion of the rod in one or in both directions; or the
return action may be effected or aided by a spring. A quick release
from pressure of cam action may be effected by making cam, or roller,
or wheel with a ratchet action, allowing wheel to turn in one direction
only after extreme fullness of cam has been passed. The forcing rod
may have a link jointed or hinged to it, and also to the pillar for so
producing its motion, instead of by cam action, or may itself be jointed
or hinged to the pillar. It may carry or act upon the tools (which may
be removeable), and the resistance plate or block may carry or present
any corresponding or counter tool to their action; or the relative position
of tools and counter tools may be reversed. And it is to be understood
that the centre of vibration may be at the top or bottom or elsewhere
on such vibrating lever, and that counterweights may be employed;
and also that if desired the apparatus may be constructed in duplicate,
one part vibrating from and below an upper centre, and the other part

page_text: upwards from and above a lower centré, in which event the forcing and
or plunger carried by one offers or becomes the resistance against which
the other acts, and the amount of action or play of the two forcing rods
is halved or divided between them, and also that the vibrating lever may
be extended to any desired width (between pillars or supports) with any
convenient number of forcing rods sliding therein. In this and in other
cases a feed motion may be obtained by or from the motion of the
vibrating lever. To make the resistance plate or block advance towards
the rod (during action) an arrangement may be made somewhat similar
to a compensation pendulum, in which the lengthening or depressing of
the rod raises (by levers) the weight slung to or carried by them, and
the shortening lowers it or permits it to fall. And generally (it may
may be remarked that) the apparatus may, instead of vertically, be made
to work horizontally or in any other direction.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Joseph Sloper in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 2nd September 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
SLOPER, of Walbrook House, Walbrook, in the City of London, Civil
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-first
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Joseph Sloper, Her special licence that I, the
said Joseph Sloper, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Joseph Sloper, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES OR
APPARATUS FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING, OR STAMPING CARDBOARD
METAL, AND OTHER MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Joseph Sloper, my executors or administrators, by an

page_text: instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands an
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Sloper, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, that is to say :-
The various machines hitherto in use for the above purposes do not
appear to the Inventor of these improvements to afford the same facility
for application of the material to be acted upon as is afforded by the
present Invention.
The nature of the said Invention consists in constructing apparatus
for the purposes set forth, in which are employed in combination a
hanging or vibrating lever or frame and a forcing rod or plunger carried
and guided thereby and moving longitudinally with regard thereto, such
motion of the rod or plunger being caused by its action against a cam
or cams, or inclined surfaces, or other mechanical contrivances arranged
to produce it as a result of or from the motion of the vibrating lever.
The Figures 1 to 6 illustrate an improved machine in which the
forcing rod is guided by and slides lengthways within or with regard to
the lever, the motion of the rod being induced by inclined surfaces
against which the vibration causes the rod (or a roller thereon) to bear;
Figures 1 and 2 are side and front elevations (both partly in section);
Figure 3 back elevation of lever and rod; Figure 4 is part of Figure 3
repeated but in section and shewing varied position of rod; Figures 5
and 6 are plans at Y, Y, and Z, Z, respectively; a is a pillar or standard
from which lever b depends and vibrates from the centre at c; d is
forcing rod guided and sliding in the lever b, which has a hollow or box
like sectional form; d is roller on top of d, and e, f, are inclined
surfaces on horns projecting from the pillar, and against which the
vibration of the lever (which may be moved by hand or otherwise)
causes the roller to bear, and thus to depress and raise the rod accordingly
as the vibration is towards or away from the pillar; g is a spring to
assist in return action. The lower end d of the rod and the bottom b*
of the lever are intended for holding the perforating or other tools, and

page_text: it is to be noted that the rod moves to vary the distance between these
parts, the extent of variation being observable by comparing Figures 3
and 4, and also by comparing the dotted and full lines respectively in
Figure 1, and also by comparing the dotted arcs e* and f* in the lastly
mentioned Figure. The form of the tool holding parts may be varied
as required for holding tools for perforating, punching, embossing,
cutting, or other purpose, (this remark is intended to apply generally
throughout this Specification,) but as represented the said form is con-
venient for holding changeable dies such as may be used for perforating
small holes disposed to represent numeral Figures or other devices
applicable to dating or marking railway tickets; h is a mouthpiece
suitable for presenting the tickets to the action of the press. It works
on a hinge, and in use is held in position by the spring catch i, but may
be made in any other convenient manner to afford facility for changing
the dies, or may be made removeable; Figure 7 is a modification in which
the form of the parts is varied, but the feature to be specially noted is
that though the rod is depressed by an inclined surface at e, its return
action depends entirely upon a spiral spring g placed around it; or a
spring or other suitable contrivance for this purpose may be otherwise
applied; Figures 8 and 8" show another modification in which the action
of inclined surfaces e, f, is obtained above instead of below the centre
of vibration c. It is to be noted that the upper or forked end of rod d
is perfectly free of the centre c, for which purpose each arm of the fork
has a slot or elongated opening therein to allow the sliding motion of
the rod. (For placing together some of the individual members of this
press they must, if requisite, be made in pieces, though not so represented
in the Drawing). Another modification consists in the use of a cam
roller carried by the forcing rod. Such roller having depressed or hollow
surfaces and raised or projecting surfaces which may by the vibration of
the lever be brought to bear against a small roller on the pillar or frame,
and the came roller may by a ratchet motion (acted upon by the said
vibration) be made to turn so as to depress the rod quickly when
required, and the return action of the rod may be effected by a spring
or in any convenient manner when its release is permitted by the further
turning of the cam roller; Figure 9 is a modification in which the
depressing and raising action of the rod d is obtained by a radius link k
hinged both to the rod and to the pillar a; c is the centre from which
the lever b vibrates; Figure 10 is another modification in which the
forcing rod d is hinged or hung at its upper end to the pillar a by a

page_text: pin z, somewhat near to the centre of vibration c; Figure 11 is detached
view of upper part of lever b, and Figure 12 is cross section through the
pin z. In order to get in this pin it passes across (through) the lever b
which has a slotted hole to allow the required amount of play. Some
amount of play may also be allowed at the lower part where the rod is
guided in the lever, or the guide may be made by a fixed pin on the
lower end of the rod working through slot in the lever or otherwise.
Figure 13 is a modification illustrating an upward or approaching
movement of one tool holder towards the forcing rod obtained by levers
and rods from the movement in a downward or opposing direction of
the forcing rod itself which is or carries the other tool holder. The
two approaching movements, which are simultaneous, are denoted by
the opposing arrows in the Figure, and similarly the reverse movements
would be simultaneous. The object of the two movements is to divide
between them the amount of action required for the tools. The
forcing rod d may be put in action by or from that of the vibrating
lever b in any of the ways herein specified, and the approaching and
reversed action of the tool holders may, if desired, be effected in any
convenient manner other than that represented.
It is evident that various modifications other than those above
enumerated may be made, and roportions of parts may be altered
without departing from the spirit of the Invention, of which the fore-
going description and the Drawings are to be understood as illustrative
only, especially it may be observed that the friction roller may be
placed on the pillar and an inclined surface or surfaces be provided on
the rod to produce the sliding action. Also that the tool holder at b*
at the bottom of the lever may sometimes (though perhaps not so
conveniently) be replaced by one occupying a position apart from
instead of in or upon the vibrating frame. Also that the apparatus
may be arranged with the centre of vibration at the bottom instead of
at the top, or to work horizontally instead of vertically, or in any
direction, or may be arranged in duplicate "endways on," by which
expression I intend an arrangement in which the forcing rod in each
vibrating lever works in a direction approaching and receding from the
other, the ends of the vibrating levers away from their centres being
those presented towards each other. And further in some cases it is
intended to extend the vibrating lever (between pillars or supports) to
any desired width with any convenient number of forcing rods sliding

page_text: therein, having dies and matrices acting therewith, and for convenience
of working such dies and matrices they may be specially constructed
(in pieces if desired) so as to work in a frame or carriage made
somewhat similar to a printer's composing stick, as shewn in section
at a, a, Figure 14, such frame or carriage being furnished with a
separating plate so adapted as to allow of the free passage of the
material to be acted on under or between the separating plate and the
matrices as shewn in Figure 14. Sometimes I prefer to make the dies
and separating plate in one, instead of suspending the separating plate,
when it is not necessary to pass the material wholly under or through
the die, as in the case of dating railway tickets and such like, where the
end only of such tickets is required to be inserted. a, a, are the
frames or carriages (shown in cross section); b, the separating plate;
c, c, the guide pins attached thereto and working in holes in the upper
frame a formed for the purpose; d, the die; e, the matrix; F, F, the jaws
of the press or apparatus for receiving the dies and matrices; m, the
material to be acted on. The object of this arrangement is for operating
upon the material when in the form of sheets or strips which may be
fed in by hand; or a feed motion may be obtained in this case, and
also with any of the machines herein specified by or from the vibrating
action of the lever. It is to be observed, generally, that the several
varieties of the machines may be made of any size convenient to the
purpose of the particular work to be performed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Sloper, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this First day of September, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
JOSEPH SLOPER. (L.S.)