Improvements in Shoes for Horses or other Hoofed Animals.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Sept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 16th June, 1894-Accepted, 4th Aug., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Shoes for Horses or other Hoofed Animals.
I, MARY EMILY POUPARD, of Cambrian House, West Norwood, in the County
of Surrey, Gentlewoman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to shoes for horses or other hoofed animals, and is designed
to provide the shoe with means for engaging with the horny part of the under face
of the hoof, in such a manner that the shoe may be firmly applied to the hoof with
little pressure or with gentle blows, whilst at the same the formation of the
engaging studs enables them to enclose a definite portion of the hoof, other than the
outside horny scale; prevents the shoe from jarring or slipping laterally, when in
use; does not tend to set up spreading cracks in the material of the hoof in wear;
presents equal resistance to the horizontal movement of the shoe in any direction;
and brings into play for the securer fixing of the shoe, a part of the hoof which
cannot be pierced by nails, and is therefore at present unutilized.
Whereas shoes, as at present attached by mails to the hoof, depend for the
firmness of their position against jar, upon the nails pierced through the hoof and
clenched outside, and which nails therefore can only be pierced through the external
part of the hoof near to the outer horny scale, it is known that such shoes often are
jarred from the horses' hoofs before being worn out, and the jarring action on the
nails tends to split and loosen the outer scaly horn of the hoof.
To avoid these disadvantages I form on the upper face of any shoe where it beds
on the hoof, any number of studs, projecting a short distance upwards abovo the
main body of the shoe.
These studs are formed of a crater shape, either circular, oval, or in any other
form, which will give an external continuous ridge, which may be sharpened to a
knife edge, to slightly penetrate the under face of the hoof. This it will do with
a slight pressure or with gentle blows, the material of the boof entering the interior
of the crater-stud, which is hollowed to receive it.
By this means a rigid interlock against jarring or lateral movement of the shoe
upon the hoof is provided, as distinct from the action of the nails, which are thus
only required to hold the shoe up into its place on the hoof.
Where the shoes are made in sections, or where the shoes are attached to the
hoof by any other means than nails, the additions of these crater studs to the face
of the shoe or segmental shoes, where they bed upon the hoof, will be found largely
to aid in firmly securing the shoc to the hoof, against lateral jars, ricks, or
movements.
In segmental shoes, the said crater studs may be conveniently formed in the
upper face of the abutments of the segments against one another, or on the ends of
pins used between segments, or on pins passing through the lapped junctions or
through the body of segments, but I may apply these crater studs (formed and
countersunk out of the solid material of the shoe, or inserted as sharpened tubes
into recesses, formed on the upper part of the shoe), at any part of the shoe, such
as the heels, toe, at the ends, or in the body of segments of a segmental shoe.
Dated this 16th day of September 1893.
FELL & WILDING,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Shoes for Horses or other Hoofed Animals.
I, MARY EMILY POUPARD, of Cambrian House, West Norwood, in the
County of Surrey, Gentlewoman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
.
This invention relates to an improvement in shoes for horses or other hoofed
animals, and consists of crater-like studs, adapted to the shoe, to engage with the
horny part of the under face of the hoof in such a manner that the shoe may be
forced home upon the hoof with little pressure, or with a gentle blow, whilst at the
same time the engaging studs, by reason of their crater-like formation enclose a
definite portion of the hoof, other than the outside horny scale, and confer the
following advantages in wear.
1st. They prevent the shoe from jarring or slipping laterally even under the
heaviest blows, and thus relieve lateral strain and jar upon the shoe-nails.
2nd. They do not tend to set up spreading cracks in the material of the
hoof.
3rd. They present equal resistance to the lateral movement of the shoe in any
direction, and,
4th. They bring into play for the better fixing of the shoe, a part of the hoof
which cannot be pierced by nails, and is therefore at present unutilized.
Where shoes are attached to hoofs, as at present, by nails only, the said nails can
be pierced only through the external part of the hoof, near to the horny outer
scale, and it is known that such shoes are often jarred from the horses' hoofs before
being worn out, and the jarring action upon the nails tends to split and loosen the
outer scaly horn of the hoof.
The said crater-studs may be used in any number, or in any position, upon the
inner tread of an ordinary shoe, or upon the inner tread of a sectional or of any
other description of shoe for horses, or other hoofed animals.
Figure 1. is a sectional elevation of the crater stnd, forged or pressed solid with
the shoe.
"
Figure 2. is a sectional elevation of a crater-stud formed out of a tube or solid
inserted into the shoe.
Figure 3. is a sectional elevation of a modification of the same.
Figure 4. is a sectional elevation of a further modification of the same secured
by a nail therethrough.
Figure 5. is a plan of an ordinary shoe with crater studs upon the inner
tread.
Figures 6. and 7. are plans of sectional shoes with various dispositions of crater
studs thereon.
Upon the inner tread of any shoe A, where it comes in contact with a hoof, a
crater like projecting stud B is formed, which may be circular, oval, or in any
form, which will give an external-continuous ridge, which may be conveniently
sharpened to a knife edge, and enclosing a central depression, which will be filled
with the substance of the hoof, when the shoe is driven home upon the hoof, with
slight pressure or a gentle blow.
This crater stud may be formed by pressure, or forged out of, the solid material
of the shoe, as in Figure 1, the central crater being countersunk, to bring the ridge
of the crater to a knife edge.
Or, a hole may he drilled or otherwise made to a short distance into the material
of the shoe, and a tube or solid piece may be driven in tight and its upper edge
sharpened as in Figure 2.
Or, a conical hole may be bored through the shoe with the largest diameter

page_text: towards the inner tread and a plug with an upper crater, driven therein, as in
Figure 3.
Or, a parallel or a reverse conical hole may be pierced through the shoe, and a
plug with crater top be inserted therein, with a hole for a nail or screw C. through
it, to prevent the plug from falling out as in Fig. 4.
But it is evident that the exact shape of this crater-like stud and method of
fixing into, or forming on the shoe, may be varied in any convenient manner,
without departing from the essence of this invention.
The said crater studs may be disposed in any numbers, or in any variety of
disposition upon the inner tread of the shoe, of which there are given some examples
in Figures 5, 6 and 7.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1st. In combination with a shoe of any description for horses or other hoofed
animals, a projecting stud upon the inner tread of the shoe, consisting of a crater-
like ridge, surrounding an internal hollow, affording easy entry into the hoof by
slight pressure, a gentle blow or other means, and embracing firmly a portion of the
hoof within the said hollow or crater.
2nd. A circular crater-like projection, with an upper surrounding ridge or sharp
edge as claimed in Claim 1, adapted upon, or inserted into, a shoe, for a horse or
other hoofed animal.
3rd. In a crater-like stud of circular form, with upper surrounding ridge or sharp
edge embracing a portion of the hoof adapted to the inner tread of a shoe for
horses or other hoofed animals, a coned body to said stud and a nail or screw
passing therethrough, substantially as described.
Dated this 16th day of June 1894.
FELL & WILDING,
.
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C., Agents for the Applicant.