the Treatment of the Oil or Tar Obtained by Condensation from the Gases of Blast Furnaces, Gas Producers, and Coke Ovens, and in the Utilization of the Products therefrom.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 26th May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 13th July, 1888
the Treatment of the Oil or Tar Obtained by
Condensation from the Gases of Blast Furnaces, Gas Producers,
and Coke Ovens, and in the Utilization of the Products
therefrom.
ALFRED HENRY ALLEN, Consulting Chemist, of Surrey Street, Sheffield, in the
County of York, and ROBERT ANGUS, Ironmaster, of Lugar Iron Works, Cumnock,
Scotland do hereby declare the nature of this our invention to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates first to the treatment of the crude Oil or tar obtained by
condensation from the gases from blast furnaces, gas producers, or Coke Ovens, with
the view of obtaining a powerful antiseptic and disinfectant preparation & other
useful products therefrom.
We prefer first to submit the Crude Oil or tar to a preliminary purification by
distillation, rejecting the first and last portions, but in the case of certain qualities of
tars this preliminary purification may be omitted.
We then submit the Oil or tar, previously purified, if necessary in the manner just
described, to treatment with a solution of Caustic Soda or other suitable alkaline
liquid, which dissolves the acid and phenoloïd constituents of the tar or Oil.
We then separate the alkaline liquid from the undissolved oil and submit the former
to treatment with acid. We may employ any suitable acid, such as sulphuric,
sulphurous, hydrochloric or carbonic acid; but by preference we employ carbonic
acid as it exists in the gases from blast furnaces, gas producers or coke ovens, or in
chimney gases, and we do this by bringing the alkaline liquid in contact with the
gases by any known suitable contrivance until the reaction is complete. By the
treatment with acid the Oil which had dissolved in the alkaline liquid is precipitated
and is then separated from the aqueous layer.
If Carbonic Acid from any source has been used to neutralise the alkali the latter
nay again be rendered caustic by treatment with Lime in the usual way, and the
ecovered alkali can then be used for treating another quantity of oil or iar.
ombustible gases may be burnt in the usual way after use.
The

page_text: "
or
The mixture of far acids, oxyphenols, and other phenoloïd bodies obtained from
blast furnace, gas producer, or coke oven far by solution in alkali and precipitation
by acid in the manner substantially hereinbefore described we call "Neosote"
"Neozote." This product is closely allied in its Composition, characters, and uses
to the Creosote from wood-tar, and possesses valuable antiseptic and disinfectant
properties.
Our Invention next relates to the production of "neosote" from the oil or tar
obtained by the distillation of bituminous shale. The first stage of the process is
already largely in operation in Shale-Oil works, where the Oil is redistilled and then
treated with Caustic Soda. The "Soda-tar" so obtained when treated with acid or
or product resembling that
gases containing Carbonic acid yields a crude "neosote
obtained from blast-furnace, gas-producers, or coke-oven tar by the process herein-
before described.
""
The crude "neosote" obtained from either of the sources and in the manner
substantially hereinbefore described, we then submit to a process of refining and
purification. This we usually do by fractional distillation; or in some cases we repeat
the treatment with alkali, which we use by preference in more moderate quantity or
in more dilute solution, or both, than in the previous treatment, and we then recover
the dissolved oil from the alkaline solution by treatment either complete or fractional
with acid or gases containing carbonic acid as already described, or we may combine
the purification of the crude neosote by fractional distillation with that of re-solution
in alkali and fractional or complete recovery by acid or gases containing Carbonic
acid. In some cases we further treat the neosote by filtering it through animal
Charcoal or similar defocating agent, or we employ other known processes of
improving oils.
The Oil which dissolves in strong alkali, but is separated from the more volatile
or soluble fractions of the neosote by the subsequent treatment, consists of bodies of
acrid character, low solubility, and high boiling point. These properties unfit them
for many of the applications of neosote but render them specially suitable for adding
to Coal-tar-creosote oil intended for preserving timber. The high boiling fractions
may also be employed for producing colouring matters.
The portion of the blast furnace, gas producer, or Coke Oven Oil or tar insoluble
in alkali we employ for any of the purposes to which the unpurified product is
commonly applied, such as illumination, heating, lubrication or the manufacture of
Oil Gas, and it is notably improved for such purposes by the treatment it has
undergone.
Our Invention relates next to the manufacture of various antiseptic and disinfectant
preparations from the neosote obtained and purified in the manner hereinbefore
described. For this purpose we employ the neosote in the same manner as that in
which carbolic acid is generally used. Thus by absorbing it in infusorial earth
silica or siliceous residues, kaolin, gypsum, limestone, granulated slag, or other
"Neosote Disinfecting
suitable base not already protected by patent, we prepare a
Powder" of any desired strength. By adding Neosote in suitable proportions to
soap we obtain a "Neosote Soap ;" and we obtain other preparations at will.
Dated this Twenty seventh day of August 1887.

page_text: ALFRED HENRY ALLEN, Consulting Chemist, of Surrey Street, Sheffield, in the
County of York, and ROBERT ANGUS, Ironmaster, of Lugar Iron Works, Cumnock,
Scotland do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our Invention relates first to the treatment of the crude oil or tar obtained by
condensation from the gases from Blast-furnaces, Gas-producers, or Coke-ovens, with
the view of obtaining a powerful antiseptic and disinfectant preparation and other
useful products therefrom.
We first submit the crude oil or tar to a preliminary distillation with a view of
separating the pitch and bodies of very high boiling point, and in some cases the
naphtha or more volatile portions also.
We then submit the purified oil or tar resulting from this operation to treatment
with a solution of caustic soda or other suitable alkaline liquid, which dissolves the
phenols and phenoloïd constituents of the oil or tar. We use any convenient means
of agitation to bring the alkaline solution in contact with the oil or tar, and we prefer
to conduct the operation at a temperature not much below the boiling point of water.
We modify the strength of the alkaline solution according to the character and quality
of the product we desire to obtain, but for general purposes, and when employing
caustic soda as the alkali, we prefer to use a solution of a specific gravity between 1.1.10
and 1150, but we do not limit ourselves to this strength. The proportion of alkaline
solution used necessarily depends on its strength, and on the proportion and nature
of the phenoloid bodies contained in the the tar or oil under treatment; and we do
not in all cases aim at a complete solution of the phenoloïd bodies, our practice
depending on the character of the product we desire to obtain.
with the alkaline solution is judged to be complete we arrest the agitation, when the
mixture separates into two layers, the upper of which consists of unacted-on oil or tar
and the lower of a solution of the acid and phenoloïd bodies in the alkali used.
separate these two layers by a syphon, tap, or other convenient means.
oil or tar may be used for any of the purposes for which the untreated oil or tar is
commonly applied, such as illumination, heating, lubrication, or the manufacture of
oil-gas, and it is notably improved for such purposes by the treatment it has
undergone.
When the treatment
We
The undissolved

page_text: The alkaline solution of the phenoloid constituents of the tar or oil we then treat
with an acid, with a view of recovering the phenoloids from their solution. For this
purpose we employ carbonic acid or gases containing carbonic acid, using by
preference the gases from blast-furnaces, gas-producers, or Coke-ovens, or chimney
gases, and we do this by bringing the alkaline liquid in contact with the gases by any
known suitable contrivance, until the reaction is complete. This point is reached
when a sample of the aqueous liquid gives no further precipitate of phenoloid bodies
when acidulated with dilute sulphuric acid.
The separated phenoloid bodies form a layer on the surface of the aqueous liquid,
and may be separated therefrom by any convenient means.
The alkali may again be rendered caustic by treating the solution of carbonated
alkali with lime in the usual way, after dilution if necessary, and the recovered alkali
can then be used for dissolving the phenoloïds from another quantity of the oil or
tar. The combustible gases may be burnt in the usual way after use.
The mixture of tar-acids; oxyphenols, and other phenoloïd bodies thus obtained
from blast furnace, gas-producer, or coke-oven tar we call "Neosote."
The crude "Neosote," obtained from either of the sources and in the manner
substantially as hereinbefore described, we then submit to a process of refining and
purification. This we usually do by fractional distillation; or in some cases we repeat
the treatment with alkali, which we use by preference in more moderate quantity or
in more dilute solution, or both, than in the previous treatment, and we then recover
the dissolved phenoloïds from the alkaline solution by treatment either complete or
fractional with Carbonic acid or with gases containing Carbonic acid, as already
described or we may combine the purification of the crude neosote by fractional
distillation with that of re-solution in alkali and fractional or complete recovery by
carbonic acid or gases containing carbonic acid. We also further treat the neosote
by blowing air through it to oxidise and destroy certain impurities, and we prefer to
do this after once re-distilling, but may blow air at any stage; and in some cases
we employ a current of steam to remove impurities; or we heat the neosote in an
apparatus furnished with a reflux condenser so as to prevent evaporation.
The portion of the oil which originally dissolved in alkali, but which is separated
from the more volatile or soluble portions of the neosote by the subsequent treatment,
consists of bodies of acrid character and high boiling point. These properties render
this product specially suitable for adding to coal-iar creosote oil intended for
preserving timber. The high-boiling fractions may also be employed for producing
colouring matters.
Our Invention relates next to the production of various antiseptic and disinfectant
preparations from the neosote obtained in the manner substantially as herein before
described. For this purpose, we combine the neosote with the other materials in a
manner similar to that in which carbolic acid is used. Thus by absorbing it in
granulated or powdered slag, infusorial earth, silica or siliceous residues, kaolin,
gypsum, limestone, or other suitable base not protected by patent, we prepare a
Neosote Disinfecting Powder" of any desired strength.
neosote soap ;"
By adding neosote in suitable proportions to soap we obtain a
and we obtain other preparations at will.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:—
1. The treatment of the oil or tar condensed from blast-furnace or gas-producer
gases, or of certain fractions thereof, with caustic soda, or other alkali, for dissolving
the phenoloïd constituents and improving the quality of the undissolved oil for its
ordinary applications.
2. The employment of carbonic acid, the gases from blast-furnaces, gas-producers
or coke ovens, chimney gases, or other gases containing carbonic acid, to precipitate
the phenoloid constituents of the tars from blast furnaces, gas producers, or, coke ovens
from their solutions in alkalies and obtain a product we call "Neosote."

page_text: 3. The employment of the processes of aeration, fractional solution, and distillation,
or any of these processes, separately or in combination, for the treatment of the
phenoloids which have been obtained from blast-furnace gas-producer or coke-oven
tar in the manner substantially described in the previous claims.
4. The manufacture of an improved disinfecting powder by the admixture of
Neosote with blast-furnace slag, infusorial earth, silica or siliceous residues, kaolin,
gypsum, limestone, or other suitable base not already protected by patent.
5. The manufacture of antiseptic or disinfectant soap, tooth-powder, and other
preparations of the kind commonly produced by the introduction of carbolic acid, by
combining neosote with the ordinary ingredients of such preparations.
ALFRED H. ALLEN.
ROBERT ANGUS.