Year: 1897

page_text: I, EDWARD KENWORTHY DUTTON, of Arden, Cornwall Road, Harrogate, in the
County of York, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
-
My invention relates to motors actuated by the explosion or combustion of gas
vapour or sprayed liquid.
I use an air exhauster to draw away the exhaust gases as for example such gases
are conveyed into a centrifugal exhauster which forms part of the fly wheel or is
fixed upon the crank shaft. The air passages in the exhauster may be tubular or
be formed by gills or partitions.
In some cases a separate fan may be used. Besides facilitating the exhaust the
escape of the gases is effected more silently. I may use the same exhauster or a
second exhauster to draw a current of air through the cylinder jacket space the
air by preference flowing through perforations so as to impinge upon the cylinder.
An exhauster may be connected with the crank chamber.
I propose to admit the charge at the forward end of the firing chamber and to
open the air valve when the piston nears or is at the end of its inward stroke the
intention being that air shall be drawn through by the action of the aforesaid
exhauster. I may use a longitudinally grooved lining to the firing chamber and
admit the air and charge from a passage extending around or partly around the
cylinder into the ends of the grooves. The exterior of the said lining may have
circumferential grooves so as to have strength with a minimum thickness of metal
and large heat-conducting surfaces. To facilitate the exhaust I use a double-beat
valve a small valve opening in advance so as to reduce the pressure upon the large
valve or a separate relief valve might be used.
In connection with a gas valve controlled by the governor in accordance with a
former invention for which I have made application for Letters Patent Num-
ber 28523 of the year 1896 I use a valve to regulate the flow of gas so that the
delivery shall be as near as may be in proportion to the flow of air the passage for
gas increasing as the piston travels toward the centre of its stroke and decreasing
after the piston has passed such centre. For the purpose I now consider that a
rotating or vibrating plug valve will be suitable. To control the opening of the
gas valve I use a cam driven by bevel gear the intermediate gear being carried
by a lever connected with the governor.
In cases of double or quadruple cylinder motors I mount the cam shaft between
the cylinders the gearing being situated between the two cranks. Such shaft may
carry a revolving air valve for causing a current of air into and out of the crank
chamber. To regulate the firing I propose to connect the outer end of the firing
tube with a snift valve which would be opened at the proper time to permit sufficient
gas to escape to cause the firing to take place. For a pair of cylinders the gas from
one tube may pass to the other.
To start the motor I use a handle or hand wheel which turns the crank shaft

page_text: through a ratchet which is formed so that the centrifugal force keeps the ratchet
clear of the teeth or part which acts upon such ratchet when the motor is running
at its proper speed.
I, EDWARD KENWORTHY DUTTON, of Arden, Cornwall Road, Harrogate, in the
County of York, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:-
My invention relates to motors actuated by the explosion or combustion of gas,
vapours, or sprayed liquid.
I use an air exhauster to draw away the exhaust gases as for example such
gases are conveyed into a centrifugal exhauster or suction fan which forms part
of the fly wheel or is fixed upon the crank shaft. The air passages in the exhauster
may be tubular or be formed by gills or partitions. In some cases a separate fan
may be used. I may open the air inlet valve when the piston nears or is at the
end of its inward exhaust stroke. I may use such an exhauster in connection with
the crank chamber.
In connection with the gas valve controlled by the governor in accordance with
a former invention for which Letters Patent Number 28523 of the year 1896 have
been granted to me, I use a valve to regulate the flow of gas so that the delivery
shall be as near as may be in proportion to the flow of air the passage for gas
increasing as the piston travels toward the centre of its stroke and decreasing after
the piston has passed such centre.
To regulate the firing I connect the outer end of the firing tube with a snift valve
which is opened at the proper time to permit sufficient gas to escape to cause the
firing to take place.
To start a quick-running motor I use a handle or hand wheel which turns the
crank shaft through a ratchet which is so formed as that the centrifugal force keeps
the ratchet clear of the teeth or part which acts upon such ratchet when the motor
is running at the proper speed.
I will describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the said drawings, Figs. 1 and 2 illustrate a form of exhaust wheel or fan
suitable for the purposes of my invention. In the said figs. a represents one end
of the crank shaft of a motor and 6 part of a bearing for such shaft. Upon the shaft
is fixed the exhaust wheel which consists of a hollow hub c connected by tubular
spokes d with a hollow rim e. In the example the wheel is shown with eight spokes
but the parts are curtailed to save space in the drawing. The annular space C¹ in
the hub has free communication with the passages in the hollow spokes and the
said space is in constant communication with a passage through which the exhaust
from the cylinder or cylinders passes to the wheel being conveyed by a suitable
pipe or arrangement of passages one end of such pipe being indicated by f¹.
The passage f has a curved port to suit the annular space c¹ as indicated by the
dotted lines at f in Fig. 2. The rim e which would form a complete circle is of a
trough form and is provided with gills or vanes el which are intended to throw off
the air from the interior of the rim whereby air will be caused to flow through the
passages ff, and the spokes d as indicated by the arrows. The hub is formed

page_text: with a true face which is in contact, or nearly in contact with a face formed on the
bearing b. In order to check as much as possible the escape of gases and noise
at this part an annular groove is formed in the hub and communicates through
perforations with the passages in the spokes 'the intention being to cut off or inter-
cept any gases passing outward between the two faces. When the motor is running
the wheel will have a tendency to draw away the exhaust from the cylinder or
cylinders to an extent in proportion to the proportions and speed of the wheel so
that back-pressure upon the pistons will be lessened. The wheel has also an
important effect in silencing the exhaust in a great degree.
The wheel may be made large and heavy enough to take the place of the ordinary
fly-wheel or be an additional fly-wheel, or be part of a belt pulley or other part of
the motor. The space c¹, may in some cases communicate with the interior of the
crank chamber of the motor so as to create a current of air through the same for
cooling purposes, and if preferred a special exhaust wheel might be used for this
purpose. The gills el or the hollow rim might be dispensed with or the exhauster
be otherwise modified so long as it would draw away the exhaust gases and act as
a silencer or a fan of ordinary construction may be used for the purpose. I may
arrange for the air inlet valve of the motor to be opened near the end of the exhaust
stroke of the piston so as to permit a current of air to pass through for so-called
scavenging purposes but such opening would not be of much advantage in quick-
running motors.
The
A valve to regulate the flow of gas or vapour is illustrated by Fig. 3, which
represents a section through the valve and casing. The valve is of the plug form
but the plug need not be conical as it is not essential that it should be tight-fitting
so long as the plug spindle is packed in the usual manner. The plug is formed
with a cross port which serves to connect the passages 'h, h¹, formed in the shell
in which the plug is fitted as in the case of an ordinary plug cock.
passage, leads to the air inlet passage of the motor and is controlled by a valve i
which is opened earlier or later in the charging stroke of the piston in accordance
with my former invention herein before referred to. The plug y receives a rocking
motion on its axis by means of a lever and connecting link j, j, the latter being
connected with a crank or excentric upon the crank shaft of the motor, or a cam
may be used for the purpose. The extent of such rocking motion of the plug must
be such as that the thoroughfare is just close when the plug reaches the end of
each movement so that when the return movement commences the opening of the
thoroughfare also commences. The object in the use of such a valve is that the
area for the flow of gas shall at all times be in proportion to the varying piston
speed so that whenever the valve i opens the correct proportion of gas will be
supplied to mix with the air on its way into the cylinder. It will be obvious that
a sliding valve could be used for the purpose. The one valve g is sufficient to
supply two or four cylinders working on the "Otto cycle," but for four cylinders
the gas from the said valve would have to be conveyed through pipes or passages
to the valves corresponding to the valve i. The combination as shown will serve
for two cylinders.
My improved method of regulating the firing is illustrated by Fig. 4, wherein k
is the firing tube or nipple which is heated by means of a lamp or flame as is usual
and is connected with the cylinder of the motor by the pipe or passage ¹.
The outer end of the nipple k is connected by a tube with a snift valve which is
mounted in a case m. In this case a spindle n is fitted to slide and is formed with
a valve head n at its inner end. A spring at o keeps the valve pressed to its seat,
Upon a shaft which may be the ordinary cam shaft of the motor-is mounted
a part p which carries a bowl pand is adjustable partly around the axis of the
shaft being secured by means of bolts to a block fixed upon the shaft or being other-
wise arranged to be adjustable. As the shaft revolves the bowl strikes the
spindle n in each revolution of the shaft whereby the spindle is pushed in
sufficiently to open the valve. The valve case is adjustable upon a bracket or
support toward and from the shaft o so that the amount of opening of the valve

page_text: can be regulated. The striker p is adjusted so that the opening of the valve takes
place at the required time. It will be seen that the escape of compressed gases
from the end of the nipple will have the effect of bringing the inflammable mixture
into the heated nipple and for this purpose the conditions should be regulated.so
that the said mixture would be close to the heated part of the nipple at the required
time. I do not confine myself to the details so long as a snift valve is applied
substantially in the manner indicated.
Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate my arrangements for starting fast-running motors.
In Fig. 5, q represents one end of the crank shaft of a motor and carries a lever
armg whereby the shaft is to be turned when starting. In line with the said shaft
I mount a starting shaft r which can be turned by means of a suitable winch
handle. Upon the shaft r is fixed or formed a ratchet wheels with which
engages a pawl or detent t which is carried by the lever arm q. A spring u is
applied to resist the tendency of the detent to fall out of gear when passing below
the ratchet wheel. The strength of the spring is intended to be sufficient to keep
the detent in gear with the ratchet wheel so long as the crank shaft is not rotating
faster than a man can turn the handle but when the motor commences to operate,
the detent can over-run the shaft and the centrifugal force will cause the detent
to leave the ratchet wheel and to run clear of the same whilst the motor is in action.
The outward movement of the detent may be limited by a stop.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The exhauster constructed and applied substantially as and for the purpose
set forth with reference to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings.
2. In combination with a motor of the indicated nature; an exhaust or suction
wheel or fan connected with the exhaust passage or passages substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
3. The connection of such an exhauster with the crank chamber of a motor for
the purpose set forth.
4. The combination of parts substantially as and for the purpose set forth with
reference to Fig. 3 of the drawings.
5. The application to a firing tube of a snift valve arranged to be opened to
time the firing substantially as set forth.
6. The combination of parts substantially as and for the purpose set forth with
reference to Fig. 4 of the drawings.
7. The starting apparatus substantially as set forth with reference to Fig. 5
and 6 of the drawings.
8. In starting apparatus: a starting shaft or handle communicating motion to
the motor shaft through a wheel acting upon a detent which is adapted to fly out of
gear with such wheel when the motor gets to work substantially as set forth.
Dated this 8th of June 1898.