IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING HOUSES AND OTHER BUILDINGS."
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Burton, of 162, Regent Street, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING HOUSES AND OTHER BUILDINGS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Burton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th July 1856.
I, CHARLES BURTON, of 162, Regent Street, do hereby declare the nature
of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING HOUSES AND OTHER BUILDINGS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a method of warming houses and other buildings
by means of warmed air. The air is led by a shaft from the top of the house
or other building to a chamber in the basement, in which is a fire surrounded
by concave or other reflectors so arranged as to concentrate the heat of the
fire to warm the air, and from this chamber the warmed air is conducted by
turned pipes to the rooms or other places to be warmed.
The air is forced down the shaft to the warming chamber by means of
a screw or other instrument (in the shaft), which is put in motion by the force
of the wind. In order to regulate the amount of heated air discharged into
the room or other place a valve is employed, which is opened more or less by
a self-acting apparatus, consisting of an arrangement of levers put in motion
by the expansion and contraction of a bar of metal or other material exposed
to the temperature of the room or other place.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
.
by the said Charles Burton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
19th January 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
BURTON, of 162, Regent Street, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles
Burton, Her special licence that I, the said Charles Burton, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles Burton,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARMING
HOUSES AND OTHER BUILDINGS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Charles Burton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Burton, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be. particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in a method of warming houses and other buildings
by means of warmed air. The air is led by a shaft from the top of the house
or other building to a chamber in the basement, in which is a fire surrounded
by concave or other reflectors so arranged as to concentrate the heat of the
fire-to-warm the air, and from this chamber the warmed air is conducted_by
turned pipes to the rooms or other places to be warmed. The air is forced
down the shaft to the warming chamber by means of a screw or other instru-
ment, (in the shaft), which is put in motion by the force of the wind. In order
to regulate the amount of heated air discharged into the room or other place
a valve is employed, which is opened more or less by a self-acting apparatus,
consisting of an arrangement of levers put in motion by the expansion and

page_text: annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
The elevation, Figure 1, which is partly sectional for convenience, may be
thus described-It consists of a room supported on a platform, so as to admit
of a draught beneath the stove, in order to supply the fire (alone) with common
air to aid combustion. The stove B may be seen in the plan to consist of six
fronts E, and is divided into as many compartments by double reflectors placed
back to back of any suitable material, reflecting each side of the fire, and
making each single compartment appear as one whole stove, upon a similar
principle to the kaleidoscope. Opposite each side of the fire are six other
larger reflectors F, F, of suitable dimensions, and curved, so as to collect and
reflect again, each in its respective forms, the heat in front of the six stove
compartments. At the spot where the rays of heat are concentrated six dwarf
pipes G, G, may be placed, so as to cause a similar number of columns of
fresh air from the top or outer part of the house, or any suitable situation to
ascend, and as the heat impinges on these columns of air from the fire, the
two side reflectors, and the larger or opposite ones, it is rapidly warmed (not
over heated) by this means, and is then capable of rising by its own specific
lightness through the pipes H, H, ready to be conveyed by bright light tin or
metal pipes all through the building required to be warmed and ventilated.
The lids I, I, are for shutting off the warm air from certain portions of the
house, if required, and the regulator which is placed at K is to prevent too
much cool air from passing into the warming or generating room.
The two designs of vanes are for spreading or diffusing the warm or cooled
air in the room; it may also be let in by other openings in the skirting of the
rooms, or by any other convenient means. A tube or pipe is shewn at M,
which is supposed to lead from a situation where the fresh air is driven or falls
down from either of the two air shafts, Figures 3 and 4. In Figure 3 it is
necessary to have a quarter, or thereabouts, of the outer moveable cowl a, and
it is so hung as to be always to the wind, being self-regulated by the vane b,
Figure 5, in which the arrows represent the direction of the wind. An
archimædean screw c is used for driving the wind down where much is
required, in Figure 3; whilst in Figure 4 the opening of a cowl is kept so as
to be always to the wind, acting like a wind sail. A pipe d is so contrived as to

page_text: carry off the rain water in bad weather, which is caught on the sloping shelf e,
whilst the air is driven in under the cap f, and down the shaft to the stove.
The smoke or bad air arising from the stove is passed into an ordinary flue
or chimney as useless, whilst the secondary impure air (which arises around
the tube N), which is now by the present method of heating rooms by most
patentees adopted, is carefully excluded from the healthy and wholesome
warmed air in the generating room, and is to be used in new buildings for
keeping the walls dry. A peculiar construction of the bricks is shown in
Figures 7 and 8 for this particular purpose, the object of which is to keep
linen goods, &c. in the house dry, whilst the human frame is protected from
the evils arising from damp walls. The pipe O shows the manner of conveying
into the walls this secondary air.
The regulator, Figure 9, is necessary for the better developement of this
plan, and is constructed either on the principle of expansion of metals and
other substances. a represents a hollow leaden tube, which has a grooved
wheel 6 affixed at one end, and pressing on a small edge c to steady its action.
An arm has a concentric curve inside, against which the wheel b pressing,
rises it with considerable force, so as to thrust up the other arm or lever f.
The finger points to a divided index to shew the degree of heat; the upper
spindle h presses against a window frame, or cucumber frame, or any opening
where the enclosed warm air is required to be regulated. This is suitable for
situations when a self-regulator is necessary. The vessel H, Figure 1, contains
water for evaporation.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Burton, have hereunto set
my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
GEO. PITT.
·C. BURTON. (L.B.)