Im- PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING YARN
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Garrett Tongue, of the Firm of Tongue and
Birkbeck, Patent Agents and Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING YARN."-A communication from
abroad by Hugh Whitehill, of Newburgh, in the County of Orange, and
State of New York, United States of America.
Sealed the 2nd August 1867, and dated the 5th February 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Garrett Tongue at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition; on the
5th February 1867.
I, JOHN GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck, Patent
Agents and Engineers,. of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN. APPARATUS FOR DRYING YARN," to be as follows:-
This Invention is designed more particularly to be attached to or form part
of the machinery employed for dressing yarn.
The Invention consists in so combining a cylindrical shell or casing with
the slatted cylinder around which the yarns are passed during the drying

page_text: operation that any undue escape or dissipation of the heat from the immediate
neighborhood of the yarns while passing around the aforesaid slatted cylinder
is effectually prevented.
The Invention further consists in certain novel means of insuring an equal
and uniform heating of the air employed in the drying operation, and the
consequent uniform drying of the yarns. For this purpose two vertical circular
end pieces are supported by suitable legs, and constitute the framework upon
which the other parts of the apparatus are sustained. The end pieces are
connected with each other and retained in their proper upright position by
means of a fixed cylinder, which is secured at each end to one of said end
pieces, and is made of sheet metal or other suitable material; this fixed
cylinder constitutes the outer shell or casing of the apparatus as will be
herein-after fully set forth, and is furnished at its upper side with a longitudinal
slot or opening. Two longitudinal rollers are situated at a height & little
above that of the upper side of the cylindrical shell or casing, one at each
of the opposite sides of the opening, with the ends of their shafts working in
suitable bearings formed upon the end pieces. Each of the end pieces is
furnished with a transverse. horizontal, bar, above one of which is an opening
formed through the sheet metal of which the central portion of the said end
pieces are formed; and formed or fixed upon the upper side of the said
transverse bars are bearings which support a shaft which extends longitudinally
through the centre of the shell and has secured upon it a fan wheel. A
system of steam or heating pipes are arranged longitudinally within the shell
in and concentric with the fan wheel, the ends of the aforesaid longitudinal
heating pipes being connected by transverse pipes which extend across the
inner sides of the end pieces at a little distance therefrom. The steam or
heating pipes enter the shell near the top or upper side thereof, and make
their exit therefrom near the bottom. By thus arranging the heating
pipes within the shell the heating steam is steadily conducted downward from
the top to the bottom of the shell and the equal and uniform heating of the
air within the said shell throughout the entire length thereof is very perfectly
obtained. Situated in each of the spaces between the end pieces and the
transverse pipes just described is any suitable number of friction rollers,
the uppermost ones of which are supported in suitable brackets attached
to the inner sides of the end pieces, while the others are supported by
bearings formed in the inner sides of the said end pieces; these friction
rollers are arranged concentrically with the central shaft, and at such a
distance therefrom that the outward portions of their peripheries extend
beyond the longitudinal heating pipes." Within the shell a slatted frame of

page_text: cylindrical form is mounted composed of flat rings arranged side by side at
suitable distances apart, and connected together by longitudinal bars or braces,
the said rings having any desired number of longitudinal slats secured
edgewise in their. peripheries, with the outer edges of the said slats projecting
5 outward somewhat beyond; the aforesaid peripheries of the rings. The two
end or outermost of the rings are placed one upon the friction rollers at one
end of the shell, and the other upon those at the opposite end of the said
shell, in such manner that the said friction rollers constitute bearings for
the slatted frame which is supported by and permitted to rotate thereon.
A fixed guard or shield is secured upon the two uppermost of the longitudinal
pipes immediately underneath the central part of the opening and within the
slatted frame. The office of this shield or guard is to prevent the too rapid
outflow of the heated air from the interior of the shell through the aforesaid
central portion of the opening which would interfere with the uniform heating
of the air within the shell or casing.
ог
The operation of the Invention is as follows:-The yarns. are placed side
by side so as to form a kind of sheet the whole length of the rollers which
conduct the yarns into and out of the apparatus, the said yarns being first
passed over one of the said rollers, then downward through the opening in
the case or shell and under and around the slatted cylinder, and thence upward
over the other or delivering roller, whence it is drawn forward and away
from, the said roller at any desired or proper speed by any ordinary.
appropiate means. The yarns are thus passed around the slatted cylinder
between the heating pipes and the shell or casing, the said slatted cylinder
being rotated by the yarns as they pass under and around it, and thus
preventing any dragging of the yarn upon the same, or any interference with
the proper forward movement of the yarns, at the same time a rotary motion
is given to the central fan wheel by means of a pulley secured upon one end
of its shaft; this motion of the fan wheel cause air to be drawn into the
interior of the apparatus through the opening in the outer case, and this air
being beated by the beating pipes is forced or thrown outward toward the
case or shell by the fan wheel, and is consequently driven through and
between the yarns as they pass around the slatted cylinder as just set forth,
and effectually dries the said yarns, the air as it cools passing out through
the opening at. the same time that the shell or casing, by preventing the
heated air from being. thrown rapidly outward from the immediate neighbour-
hood of the yarn while passing around the slatted frame and the guard
previously described, preventing a too rapid outflow of the air through the
central portion of the opening avoids any undue waste of heat and consequently
+

page_text: enables the drying operation to be carried with a greatly reduced
expenditure thereof, while furthermore the arrangement of the heating pipes
conducts the heat steadily and regularly downward as berein-before explained,
and thus secures the equal heating of the air at all parts of the interior of
the apparatus and consequently the uniform drying of the yarns, the said
uniform drying of the yarns being also assisted by the guard or shield, which
by preventing the too rapid flow of air from the central portion of the shell or
casing, insures the proper distribution at the ends thereof.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Garrett Tongue in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 5th August 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
GARRETT TONGUE, of the Firm of Tongue and Birkbeck, Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 34, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Jobn Garrett Tongue, Her special licence that I, the said John
Garrett Tongue, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said John Garrett Tongue, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING YARN," a communi-
cation to me from abroad by Hugh Whitehill, of Newburgh, in the County
of Orange, and State of New York, United States of America, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Garrett Tongue, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Garrett Tongue, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention is designed more particularly to be attached to or form part
of the machinery employed for dressing yarn.
The Invention consists in so combining a cylindrical shell or casing with the
slatted cylinder around which the yarns are passed during the drying operation
that any undue escape or dissipation of the heat from the immediate neighbor-
hood of the yarns while passing around the aforesaid slatted cylinder is effectually
prevented.
The Invention further consists in certain novel means of insuring an equal
and uniform heating of the air employed in the drying operation, and the
consequent uniform drying of the
yarns.
And in order that the Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into practice, I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto
Figure
accordance with this Invention; Figure 2 is a vertical transverse section taken
at the line x, x, of Figure 1. Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding
parts in both Figures.
A, A, are two vertical circular end pieces, which are supported by suitable
legs a, and which constitute the framework upon which the other parts of the
apparatus are sustained. The end pieces A are connected with each other
and retained in their proper upright position by means of a fixed cylinder B,
which is secured at each end to one of said end pieces, and is made of sheet
metal or other suitable material; this fixed cylinder constitutes the outer
sheel or casing of the apparatus, as will be herein-after fully set forth, and is
furnished at its upper side with a longitudinal slot or opening B¹. C are two
longitudinal rollers, which are situated at a height a little above that of the
upper side of the cylindrical shell or casing B, one at each of the opposite
sides of the opening B', with the ends of their shafts working in suitable
bearings formed upon the end pieces A. Each of the end pieces A is
furnished with a transverse horizontal bar c, above one of which is an
opening A¹ formed through the sheet of metal.of which the central portion of
the said end pieces are formed, and formed or fixed upon the upper side of the
said transverse bars are bars d which support a shaft 6, which extends

page_text: longitudinally through the centre of the shell B, and has secured upon it a
fan wheel D. E are a series of steam or heating pipes which are arranged
longitudinally within the shell B in and concentric with the fan wheel D, the
ends of the aforesaid longitudinal heating pipes being connecte: by the
transverse pipes f¹ which extend across the inner sides of the end pieces A at
a little distance therefrom, as shown more clearly in Figure 2. The steam
or heating pipes enter the shell B near the top or upper side thereof, as shewn
at g, and make their exit therefrom near the bottom, as shown at h. By thus
arranging the heating pipes within the shell B the heating steam is steadily
conducted downward from the top to the bottom of the shell, and the equal
and uniform heating of the air within the said shell throughout the entire
length thereof is very perfectly obtained. Situated in each of the spaces
between the end pieces A and the transverse pipes f¹ just described any
suitable number of friction rollers E are arranged, the uppermost ones of
which are supported in suitable brackets m attached to the inner sides of the
end pieces A, while the others are supported by bearings formed in the inner
sides of the said end pieces. These friction rollers are arranged concentrically
with the central shaft e and at such a distance therefrom that the outward
portion of their peripheries extend beyond the longitudinal heating pipes E,
as is more plainly represented in Figure 2. G is a slatted frame of cylindrical
form, which is composed of flat rings n arranged side by side at suitable
distances apart, and connected together by longitudinal bars or braces r, the
said rings n having any desired number of longitudinal slats or bars s secured
cdgewise in their peripheries with the outer edges of the said slats s projecting
outwards somewhat beyond the aforesaid peripheries of the rings. The two
end or outermost of the rings n are placed one upon the friction rollers F at
one end of the shell A, and the other upon those at the opposite end of the
said shell in such manner that the said friction rollers constitute bearings for
the slatted frame G, which is supported by and permitted to rotate thereon.
I is a fixed guard or shield, which is secured upon the two uppermost of the
longitudinal pipes E immediately underneath the central part of the opening B'
and within the slatted frame G. The office of this shield or guard is to
prevent the too rapid outflow of the heated air from the interior of the shell A
through the aforesaid central portion of the opening B', which would interfere
with the uniform heating of the air within the shell or casing.
The operation of this improved apparatus for drying yarn is as follows:-
The yarns are placed side by side so as to form a kind of sheet the whole
length of the rollers C which conduct the yarns into and out of the apparatus,
the said yarns being first passed over one of the said rollers C; then downward

page_text: through the opening B' in the case or shell and under and around the slatted
cylinder G, and thence upward over the other or delivering roller C, whence
it is drawn forward and away from the said roller at any desired or proper
speed by any suitable or appropriate means. The yarns are thus passed
around the slatted cylinder G between the heating pipes E and the shell or
casing, the said slatted cylinder being rotated by the yarns as they pass under
and around it, and thus proventing any dragging of the yarn upon the same,
or any interference with the proper forward movement of the yarns. At the
same time a rotary motion is given to the central fan wheel D
means of a
pulley a secured upon one end of its shaft e; this motion of the fan wheel D
causes air to be drawn into the interior of the apparatus through an opening
at A¹ in the outer case, and this air being heated by the heating pipes E is
forced or thrown outward toward the case or shell B by the fan wheel D, and
is consequently driven through and between the yarns as they pass around
the slatted cylinder G, as just set forth, and effectually dries the said yarns.
The air as it cools passes out through the opening B' at the same time that
the shell or casing A (by preventing the heated air from being thrown rapidly
outward from the immediate neighborhood of the yarn while passing around
the slatted frame, and the guard I previously described preventing a too rapid
outflow of the air through the central portion of the opening B¹), avoids any
undue waste of heat, and consequently enables the the drying operation to be
carried on with a greatly reduced expenditure thereof, while furthermore the
arrangement of the heating pipes E and f' conducts the heat steadily and
regularly downward, as herein-before explained, and thus secures the equal
heating of the air at all parts of the interior of the apparatus, and consequently
the uniform drying of the yarns, the said uniform drying of the yarns being
also assisted by the guard or shield I, which by preventing the too rapid flow
of air from the central portion of the shell or casing B ensures the proper
distribution at the ends thereof.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of
performing or carrying the same into practice, I would remark that the
arrangement and construction of the apparatus may be considerably varied
without departing from the true character of the Invention, which consists,-
Firstly, in the arrangement of the cylindrical shell or casing B in com-
bination with the rotating slatted frame or cylinder G, substantially as herein
described and shown in the accompanying Drawing.
Secondly, the application of the guard or shield I arranged in relation
with the opening B' of the shell or casing B to prevent the too rapid outflow
of the heated air therefrom, substantially as herein shown and described.

page_text: Thirdly, arrangement of the system of beating pipes E connected at both
ends by transverse pipes f¹ forming a continuous passage for the steam through
the entire system, arranged and operating with relation to the revolving
slatted cylinder G and fan D substantially in the manner herein shewn and
described.
Fourthly, the arrangement and combination of the revolving slatted
cylinder G, with the casing B, and system of heating pipes E, substantially
for the purpose herein described and illustrated by the accompanying
Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Garrett Tongue, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
JOHN GARRETT TONGUE. (L.B.)