IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAZING, PRESSING, SEPARATING, CLEANING, AND BLEACHING, AND IN COOLING OR HEATING MATTERS; ALSO IN PISTONS, VALVES, TAPS, AND SPRING APPARATUS
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MOSES'
POOLE, of the Patent Office, London, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Second day of June,
One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine, in the twelfth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Moses Poole, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, Her especial licence, full power,
sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Moses Poole, my exors, adiñors,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Moses Poole, my exors, admors,
or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and law-
fully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRAZING,
PRESSING, SEPARATING, CLEANING, AND BLEACHING, AND IN COOLING OR HEATING
MATTERS; ALSO IN PISTONS, VALVES, TAPS, AND SPRING APPARATUS," communi-
cated to me from a certain Foreigner residing abroad; in which said Letters
Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Moses Poole, should cause a
particular description of the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the saine, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, 1, the said
Moses Poole, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say-
The improvements in separating matters .consist of new arrangements and
additions to the machines.heretofore used for extracting liquids from stuffs and
substances by centrifugal force.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation and plan of the first of these improvements.
A is a drum of the ordinary construction, lined with suitable woven or perfo-
rated material. On the periphery of the drum a pipe B, with a flexible joint,
is fastened, having its outlet on the outside of the periphery, and its inlet
moveable nearer to or further from the periphery, by means of the cord C
passing over the pulley D, and fastened to a moveable collar or socket E.
This collar is moved up and down by the forked lever E. When the machine
is required to be used for separating lighter from heavier liquids, the outside must
be made water-tight. The working of this apparatus is as follows:-Suppose,
for example, it is desired to separate the more liquid from the more solid parts
of starch or other partially fluid material, the material being poured into the
drum, and the machine put in motion, part of the liquid will be forced through
the outside of the drum, the solid parts will be found presently to form an
obstacle preventing this action going on, when the remainder of the liquid, in
consequence of being lighter than the solid part, will be forced inwards.
The collar E, being now gradually lowered, allows the inlet part to come into
contact with the separated liquid, and thus to be carried away.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of a second apparatus for the purpose of
separating matters. In this arrangement the machine is constructed for
separating the finer from the coarser parts of matters, either in a dry
or par-
tially liquid state, in a manner analagous to the action of sieving. A is an
upright shaft, to which a circular frame B is fixed; the frame B is covered
with woven or perforated material, suitable to the article to be operated upon,
rotary motion being given to the shaft through convenient gearing. The
working of this apparatus is as follows:-Rather slow rotory motion being
imparted to the machine, and the material to be operated upon poured into
the centre of it, the centrifugal force will cause the materials to move gradually
outwards (with a rapidity and force proportioned to the speed employed) over
the woven or perforated surface, the finer or more liquid parts pass through
the sieve, and the remainder is carried over into suitable receptacles. A
brush C, fixed upon an axle, is occasionally placed as. shewn, the axle being

page_text: fastened to bearings outside the machine, to assist the action of the machine:
For the purpose of separating. more quickly dust or other light matters, a fan
is added, adapted to draw from the under part of the sieve, the machine being
enclosed in a manner to suit this purpose. In proportion to the greater or
less degree of force with which it is desired that the materials should be
passed through the sieve, the frame must be made to form more or less of
an incline upward from the centre towards the periphery.
.
.
;
The improvement in cleaning consists in adopting the machine last described.
to cleansing of matters, such as seeds or articles to which dust and dirt or other.
matter adheres, capable of being removed by washing. For this p purpose I cause.
a suitable quantity of water to fall on the materials as the machine revolves
the centrifugal force carries off the dust or finer particles of matter along
with the water, the seeds or other articles being thrown from the machine
as before described. A further improvement in cleaning consists in using a
contrivance whereby the soap lather made in working centrifugal scouring,
machines is removed, and thus enables the cleaning operation to be used in'
such machines along with soap.
Figure 2ª is a sectional elevation and plan of this improvement. B is a
hollow ring, the bottom of which is made of wire gauze strengthened with
framework, and the top part is covered with some close material. C is a pipe:
connected with the hollow ring at one end and with an air pump at the other.
The action of this apparatus is as follows:-When, in consequence. of the
working of the scouring machine, the soap lather has accumulated round the.
machine high enough to hinder its working, the pump is put in action, and
by removing the air contained in the lather causes it to sink, and allow the
operation of the washing to go on.
1:
$
The improvements in heating matters consist of an arrangement of machinery,
whereby fluids in a very divided state are subjected to a volume of. hot air or:
steam forced upon them, and so become heated; and also in an arrangement by,
which the heat of the vapour in passing away is brought in contact (through the
medium of metal plates) with fresh air, which by this means becomes also heated..
Figure 3 is a sectional clevation of the first part of these improvements;
and Figure 3A a plan of the same. A is a vessel or room, into the centre.
of which the fluid to be heated is brought into the drum .B, by means of.
a pipe C; the drum is perforated with fine holes, and has a flange at the top:
projecting inwards, to prevent the liquid escaping at top; it. is also divided.
by upright plates D, as shewn, for the purpose of imparting to the liquid:
the force due to the speed of the machine. The lower part of the vessel A.
has a false bottom-E, with a hollow cone F in the centre, on the top of which

page_text: a bearing G is fixed. The shaft carrying the drum turns at top in this
bearing, and at bottom, in the step II, I, is a wheel or pulley for giving
motion to the drum. K is an outlet pipe for carrying off the heated liquor.
Hot air is driven under the false bottom by means of a fan or air pump,
through the pipe L, and is carried into the chamber through pipes m, m. 1
When the heating medium is steam, its expansive force will carry it through
the apparatus. The working of this machinery is as follows:-Liquid is
caused to flow into the drum B, and by a high speed is forced out through
the fine perforations, consequently falling in a very divided state to the bottom
of the vessel, hot air or steam at the same time, being driven through the 1
pipe L under the false bottom, passes through the pipes m, m, equally all
round, and in coming in contact with the liquid heats it.
Figure 4 is an example of an application of this Invention to heating
liquids from the waste steam of high-pressure engines. A is the waste steam
pipe, having an enlarged pipe A' fastened to it, and outlet pipe C at the top.
The pipe A extends upwards inside the pipe A¹, as shewn, and has an open
frame or bearing d for carrying the step fastened to it. B is a drum, as before,
and E the pipe to supply the drum with the liquid it is desired to heat. F is
a pipe to carry off the heated liquor. The action of this apparatus is the
same as that before described. If the quantity of water or other liquid used
be a little in excess of the quantity required to condense the steam passing
through the engine, nearly the whole of the heat used in working the engine
may be obtained.
▲
Figure .5 is a sectional elevation of apparatus, according to the second part
of these improvements. B and C are two channels running in a spiral form,
as shewn. The divisions D, forming the channels, are made of light sheet
copper, closed at top and bottom by metal straps filling the space being
soldered in. The bottom of these channels are inclined upwards from the
outside towards the centre, as shewn. An outlet pipe E is placed at the end
of the channel, carrying away the vapour, for the purpose of carrying off the
water of condensation which will form in the channel (the channel may be
trimed if it is desired to have the water pure). F is a vessel for receiving
this water, near the bottom of which the pipe E dips. B, B, C, C², are.
tubes placed as shewn, and jointed to the inlet and outlet of each channel; a
fand is placed in a pipe connected with the tube B³, and a fan e connected-
with the tube C'. The working of this apparatus is as follows:-The inlet
tube B', with its channel B, is placed in connection with some chamber con-
taining saturated or deteriorated hot air, the outlet B2 of this channel being
open thro' its exhaust fan d to the atmosphere. The inlet channel C, with.

page_text: its tube C, is also open through its blowing fan to the atmosphere, and the
tube C connected with the chamber where it is desired to use the heated
air. The fans are now set to work, and the hot, saturated, or deteriorated air
is drawn through the channel B and tubes connected with it, the heat con-
tained in the air being imparted during its course to the metal plates of which
the divisions are formed; at the same time the cold air of the atmosphere is
forced through the channel C and tubes connected with it, and this air in its
passage through the channel takes up the heat from the metal divisions, and
is thus heated. When it is desired to heat at the same time liquids and air,
this last arrangement is used in combination with that described for heating
liquids. In this case the air from the atmosphere entering the channel C is
forced through the channel and through the pipe L into the vessel A, shown
in Figure 8; the pipe L passing through some suitable heating medium to
add to the heat obtained by the air in passing through the channel C.; the air
from the vessel A, shown in Figure 3, being drawn by means of the fan through
the channel B, escapes into the atmosphere, having heated. the liquid and
entering air in its.course.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, I would have it under-
stood that I do not confine myself to the details as herein shewn and
described, so long as the peculiar character of any part of the Invention be
retained.
But what I claim is, first, the constructing centrifugal apparatus with a
pipe B, as described in respect to Figure 1.
Secondly, I claim the mode of constructing and working apparatus, as
described in respect to Figure 2, and I also claim the arrangement of apparatus
for the removal of the air, as described in respect to Figure 2º.
**Thirdly, I claim the mode of heating fluids herein described, whereby the
fluids being thrown off by. centrifugal force are brought into contact with
heated air or steam, as described in respect to Figure 3 and Figure 8^. And
I also claim the heating of liquids by the employment of the waste steam of
a steam engine, by its being caused to pass through a suitable vessel wherein
is apparatus for causing the fluid (to be heated) to be thrown off by centrifugal
force, as described in respect to Figure 4. And,
Fourthly, I claim the mode of arranging apparatus for heating air
described in respect to Figure 5, and also combining therewith the apparatus
Figure 3.
;
hand
In witness whereof, the said Moses Poole, have hereunto set my
and seal, this First day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.
MOSES POOLE.
(L.8.)

page_text: En the Matter of a Patent granted to Moses Poole, of the Patent
Office, London, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BRAZING, PRESSING, SEPARATING, CLEANING, AND BLEACHING, AND IN
COOLING OR HEATING MATTERS; ALSO IN PISTONS, VALVES, TAPS, AND
SPRING APPARATUS," communicated to him from a certain Foreigner!
residing abroad; bearing date at Westminster the Second day of
June One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.
ISCLAIMER proposed to be entered by Moses Poole with the Clerk of
the Patents of England, pursuant to an Act passed in the fifth and
sixth years of the reign of His late Majesty King William the Fourth, 1
intituled "An Act to amend the Law touching Letters Patents for
Inventions."
I, the said Moses Poole, do declare, that since the said Letters Patent
avo been granted there has not been sufficient time to mature those parts of
e Invention which were intended to have been described under those parts 1
f the title which are contained in the following words: "Brazing, Pressing,"
Bleaching," Cooling," "Pistons, Valves, Taps, and Spring Apparatus,"
rwhich reason I am desirous to and do hereby disclaim all those parts of
e title which is contained in the following words "Brazing," "Pressing,"
and Bleaching," "in Cooling," or "and also in Pistons, Valves, Taps, and 2
pring Apparatus," so that the title of the Invention will remain in the
llowing words: "Improvements in Separating, Cleaning, and Heating
Latters."
In witness whereof I, the said Moses Poole, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this First day of December, in the year of our Lord One ?
thousand night hundred and farty nine

page_text: same, I hereby grant leave to the said Moses Poole to file his said Disclaimer,
pursuant to the Statute passed in the fifth and sixth years of the reign of His
late Majesty King William the Fourth, entituled "An Act to amend the Law
touching Letters Patent for Inventions."
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the First day of December, in the
year of our Lord 1849, the aforesaid Moses Poole came before our said Lady
the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of
the Statute made for that purpose.