Year: 1886

page_text: We WILLIAM STRAPP, of Frenches, Red Hill, Surrey, Gentleman; and GEORGE
EDWARDS, of Whitby Lodge, Thornton Heath, Surrey, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement
Our improvements consist of the application of materials used in the manufacture
of Blue Bricks, Terra Cotta, moulded or Cast Cement, Concrete, silicated and other
artificial stone, Bituminous Concrete, and Slag and Glass toughened or otherwise
suitably prepared for the manufacture of railway and tramway sleepers or saddles,
applicable to flange and double headed rails, with and without chairs, bolts, and
spikes, and also combined saddle and chair; together with improvements in bolts,
spikes, tiebars, and other fittings for fastening rails and chairs to our improved
sleepers, or saddles, as we herein generally call our sleepers.
Having now stated the nature of the said invention, we proceed to describe
more particularly in what manner the same is to be performed, by aid of the
accompanying drawings.
Fig's. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5 & 6 are transverse sections through saddles of various shapes
for Railways.
Fig's. 7 & 8 transverse sections of saddles with and without rails for Tramways.
Fig's. 9. 10. 11. & 12 are plans of the same.
Fig's. 13 & 14 are longitudinal sections of saddles through bolts Fig's. 15., 16
& 17 are longitudinal elevations of saddles, rails and keys or wedges.
Fig. 18 is a section shewing tie or gauge bars fastened direct to the rails.
Fig. 19 diagram of a four footed saddle upside down.
A (fig's. 1. 9 & 13) saddle adapted and fastened to a flanged or flat bottomed
rails B by means of dog headed bolts C.
A (fig'e. 2. 10 & 14) saddle adapted and fastened to a flanged rail B, by means of
flange-headed bolts C.
A (fig's. 3 & 11) saddle adapted and fastened to a chair D, with iron spikes E
driven or screwed into wooden plugs F.
A (fig's. 4. 5. 6. 12. 15. 16 & 17) combined saddle and chair adapted and fastened
directly to the rails B by means of keys or wedges G.
[Price 8d 1

page_text: A (fig. 7) grooved saddle for Tramways where the iron rail is dispensed with,
and a groove is formed on each side as shewn at W, the saddles are reversible.
A (fig. 8) saddles made to hold the ordinary tram-rails B, where the groove to
hold the rail is probably wider at the bottom, and the rail B is held in place by
the wedges G, driven in between the rail and saddle, or run in with cement or
bitumen.
•
The saddles fig's. 7 & 8 are held in line with each other by means of dowels, and
holes X, of any suitable form and size, formed in them, and such parts Y of these
tramway saddles that do not come in contact with the tires of the tramcar wheels,
may be grooved to roughen them for vehicular traffic.
H (figs. 1. 2. 4. 5. 9. 10. 15 & 18) Ties or gauge bars, to hold and keep the two
rails at the required gauge.
The saddles A, when made of clay, are forced through suitable dies, and cut to
the required lengths, pierced, and embossed, (when required) or pressed, and burnt,
by any suitable means or system in use for making bricks, tiles, and the like-
When made of cement, concrete, artificial stone, slag, and glass, they are cast or
pressed into the required shape, in suitable moulds, in the usual way of working
such materials.
The shape and size of our improved saddles may be varied according to the
requirements of the case, as shewn at the various figures, some of which are shewn
by dotted lines V-They may be made with holes of any suitable shape and size,
in, or through them, as shewn at T (fig. 4 & 6) for the purpose of lightness, and to
aid in drying and burning them evenly throughout-They may be flat and even
at the base, as fig's. 5 and 15; hollowed out transversely, as at fig's. 1. 2. 3. 4. and
longitudinally, as at fig's. 6, 15, 16, 17, and in other cases they may be hollowed
out both transversely and longitudinally, so as to form four feet at the corners,
I (fig. 19)-The object of these hollows in the lower part of the saddles, is to.
reduce the weight, and increase the stability in the ballast, the hollows being open
at the sides, or ends, (or both) for packing with ballast-The top of saddles may
be flat, or suitable recesses formed in the saddles for reception of the rails or
chairs, as shewn; and sometimes felt or wood are used for bedding between rail
or chair and saddle as shewn at J, fig's. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 15.
When the combined saddle is used the jaws A, are sometimes made the entire
length of the saddle, in other cases they are at or near the ends, as shewn fig's. 12,
15 & 17, or in the middle only, as at fig. 16, and wedges or keys G (of wood or
any suitable material) of the entire length, or in several lengths, are driven on one
side as shewn at fig's. 4 & 6, or both sides of the rail as shewn figs. 5.
When iron chairs are used as at fig's. 3 & 11, and when the rails are fastened to
our improved saddle, as shewn at fig's. 1, 2, 9, 10, 13 & 14, they may be held
together by means of two or more bolts of any suitable form, passed through the
holes from the bottom, and sometimes cemented to the saddle; but we prefer to
fasten them with the dogheaded bolt C, (fig's. 1. 9. 13) which may be placed in the
oblong hole K, (fig. 1 & 9) from the top, and held there by means of the block
or wedge of wood, terra cotta, or other suitable material M (fig. 9 & 13), so that
the nut L (fig. 1. 9. 13), may be screwed tight to its work; and when required to
remove this bolt the block or wedge M, is driven through into the ballast below,
and the bolt is drawn up through the oblong hole K-Another form which we also
prefer in certain cases, is shewn (fig's. 2. 10. 14) with its flanged or winged head C",
tig's. 2 & 14 of a cross section similar to the holes C fig. 10; this bolt. head is
passed through the hole C" then turned partly round and raised in the recesses
for the flanges as shewn at C¹ fig. 2, when the nut is screwed down upon the
washers or plates N, (fig's. 2. 10. 14.) which holds the rail or chair, as the case
may be.
Sometimes we prefer to use wood plugs F (fig. 3), with iron spikes E, driven, or
screwed into them, for fastening chairs, or rails to our improved saddles.
Tiebars or Tierods of any suitable forin may be used for holding the two rails
at their proper gauge, but we prefer those shewn in our drawings-The Bar H

page_text: shewn at fig's. 1 & 9 is fastened to the holding down bolt, and the gauge is adjusted
by means of the coupling box O; at fig. 2 & 10, the bar H passes through the
saddle and is adjusted by means of the catter P, and .block or wedge P₁; and
another bar H¹ is placed under the rail, and held by the holding down bolt. At
fig. 4 the bar H passes through the saddle, and is adjusted by means of the nut Q,
and block or wedge P¹; at fig. 18, our bar is shewn passed through the rail, and
fastened with nut or cotter, and another bar H' is placed underneath the rail, and
is fastened to it with clips at R-At fig. 5 the bar H is shewn through a hole in
the chair, and is adjusted by the screw swivel S.
By the drawings and foregoing description it is obvious that our improved
saddles, and combined saddles and chair, tiebars, bolts, and spikes, which form
parts of this our invention, may be varied in size and shape to suit all kinds of
railways, and tramways, without departing from the principle herein set forth.
The saddles may be placed at suitable distances apart, or close together, so as to
form a continuous bearing for the rail, and in the latter case they may be dove-
tailed, rebated, or tongued into each other.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what our
claim is:-
1st The application of material used in the manufacture of Blue Brick, Terra
Cotta, Moulded or Cast Cement, Concrete, Artificial Stone, Bituminous Concrete,
Slag, and Glass, (toughened or otherwise) suitably prepared, for Railway and
Tramway sleepers, applicable to every description of rail, fastened to the rail or
chair by means of bolts or spikes, substantially, as described and shewn.
2nd Application of the above named materials to a combined saddle & chair,
substantially, as described and shewn.
3rd Application of the same materials to Tramways with or without rails,
substantially, as described and shewn.
4th The manner of fastening rails & chairs to our improved sleepers or saddles,
substantially, as described and shewn.
5th The manner of connecting the two rails of a road by means of tiebars,
substantially, as described and shewn in the drawings.
Dated th00-
T
1000