IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO THE CHIMNEYS OF LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND OTHER CHIMNEYS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF ARRESTING OR PREVENTING, THE ESCAPE THEREFROM OF SPARKS AND FOUL GASES OR VAPOURS
Year: 1879

page_text: . LETTERS PATENT to Mary Elizabeth Walton, of New York, in the United
States of America, temporarily residing at Torrington Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Widow, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO
THE CHIMNEYS OF LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES AND OTHER CHIMNEYS, FOR THE
PURPOSE OF ARRESTING OR PREVENTING, THE ESCAPE THEREFROM OF SPARKS
AND FOUL GASES OR VAPOURS."
+
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Sealed the 6th January 1880, and dated the 2nd September 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Mary Elizabeth Walton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd September 1879.
MARY ELIZABETH WALTON, of New York, in the United States of America,
temporarily residing at Torrington Square, in the County of Middlesex, Widow.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO THE CHIMNEYS OF LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES
AND OTHER CHIMNEYS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF ARRESTING OR PREVENTING THE
ESCAPE THEREFROM OF SPARKS AND FOUL GASES OR VAPOURS."
This Invention has for its object arresting or preventing the escape of sparks,
ashes, and impure or foul gases or vapours from the chimneys of locomotive engines
and from other chimneys into the atmosphere, and consists in applying apparatus to
or constructing chimneys in the manner hereinafter described, so as to cause the
sparks, ashes, and foul gases which enter the chimney to be conducted into a tank
of water or into the sewer, or otherwise disposed of, according to the description of
furnace or the position of the chimney to which the Invention is applied.
In carrying out this Invention as applied to a locomotive engine (for example)
the top of the chimney is fitted with a metal or other cap or cover, by preference of
a hemispherical form, and provided with an opening in the centre, into which is
secured the upper and large end of an inverted conical or tapered tube, the lower
and small end of which depends some distance into the interior of the chimney.
Arranged concentrically in the interior of the chimney is a vertical tube, the top
extending above the lower end of the conical tube, which it encircles, whilst the
lower end of the said tube descends beneath the base of the chimney and enters a
tank below the surface of the water which it contains.
An annular space is left between the inner surface of the chimney and the exterior
surface concentric tube, and also between the top of the concentric tube and the

page_text: lower end of the inverted conical tube. The heated products of combustion from
the furnace are admitted into the annular space between the chimney and the inner
concentric tube, and as they rise they are deflected by the cap and the exterior
of the conical tube, and caused to enter the concentric tube, where they join or
unite with a current of cold air which enters from without through the large end of
the conical tube. The cold air not only partially cools the vapours, but also, by its
greater specific weight, forces the products of combustion down through the inner
tube into the tank of water below. By this means any sparks, ashes, foul gases, or
other unconsumed products of combustion which enter the chimney are conducted
into and collected in the tank, the foul gases and vapours being wholly or partially
condensed or absorbed and retained by the water, instead of being allowed to escape
into the atmosphere.
Any of the gases or vapours which may not have been condensed, absorbed, or
retained by passing into the tank are permitted to escape therefrom through suitable
perforations, and caused to reenter the annular space to be again passed through the.
inner tube into the tank, the same operation being repeated until the whole of the
vapours are condensed, absorbed, or retained.
In applying this Invention to dwellinghouse chimneys, chimneys of stationary
furnaces, or other chimneys through which foul gases pass unaccompanied by steam,
the water tank hereinbefore referred to may be dispensed with, and the inner con-
centric tube made to communicate with the sewer or with other suitable channels,
for the purpose of conducting the impurities to a distant or any desired locality.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Mary Elizabeth Walton in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th
February 1879.
MARY ELIZABETH WALTON, of New York, in the United States of America,
temporarily residing at Torrington Square, in the County of Middlesex, Widow.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO THE CHIMNEYS OF LOCOMOTIVE ENGINES
AND OTHER CHIMNEYS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF ARRESTING OR PREVENTING THE
ESCAPE THEREFROM OF SPARKS AND FOUL GASES OR VAPOURS."
This Invention has for its object arresting or preventing the escape of sparks,
ashes, and impure or foul gases or vapours from the chimneys of locomotive engines.
and from other chimneys into the atmosphere, and consists in applying apparatus to
or constructing chimneys, substantially in the manner hereinafter described with
reference to the accompanying Drawing, so as to cause the sparks, ashes, and impure
gases or vapours which enter the chimney to be conducted into a tank containing
water, or into the sewer, or to be otherwise disposed of, according to the description
of furnace or the position of the chimney to which the Invention is applied.
The accompanying Drawing represents the Invention as applied (for example) to
a locomotive engine. A is the smoke box end of a locomotive engine provided with
an ordinary chimney B, which is fitted at the top with a metal or other cap or cover
C of a dome or hemispherical form. In the centre of this cap is a hole a into which
is secured the upper large end of an inverted conical or tapered tube D, the lower
and small end 6 of which depends some distance into the interior of the chimney B,
and enters the upper end of a tube E arranged concentrically in the said chimney.
The tube E extends downward below the base of the chimney, and opens into a
tank F below the surface of the water contained therein. The tank F is situated in
the smoke box A, which is divided by a partition C into two compartments, viz.,
the tank F and a passage G, by which the products of combustion are conducted
from the furnace into an annular space & left between the interior of the chimney
and the inner concentric tube E. The products of combustion rising in the chimney
B impinge against the inside of the cap C and the exterior of the conical tube D,
whereby they are deflected and caused to enter the tube E through the annular
space e left between the top of the latter and the conical tube D. The products of
combustion, as they enter the tube E, join or unite with a current of cold air passing
through the conical tube D, which air not only cools the said products, but at the
same time, by its greater specific weight, forces them through the tube E into the
water contained in the tank F.
Any sparks, ashes, foul gases, or vapours, or other unconsumed products of com-
bustion which enter the chimney are thus conducted into and collected in the tank
E, wherein the foul gases or vapours and steam become partially or entirely con-
densed or absorbed and retained by the water contained therein, in lieu of being
permitted to escape into and impregnate the surrounding atmosphere, and the gases
or vapours that may not have been condensed, absorbed, or retained by entering the
water in the tank are permitted to escape through an opening f in the top of the
tank, and reenter the annular space d, to be again conducted through the tube E
into the tank, the operation being repeated until the whole of the gases or vapours
are condensed, absorbed, or retained.
When the Invention is applied to the chimneys of dwellinghouses and of
stationary furnaces or to other chimneys, through which foul gases or vapours pass
unaccompanied by steam, the tank E may be dispensed with and the impurities
may be conducted by the tube E into the sewer or into other suitable channels for
conducting them to a distant or any desired locality.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, I

page_text: would observe in conclusion, that what I consider to be novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein before in part recited
Letters Patent, is,-
First. Arresting or preventing the escape of sparks, ashes, and foul gases or
vapours from the chimneys of locomotive engines and from other chimneys, sub-
stantially in the manner hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying
Drawing.
Second. The application to and use in the chimneys of locomotive engines and
other chimneys of the cap or cover C, providing with a depending conical or tapered
tube D, in combination with the concentric tube E, the whole being arranged and
operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore described
and illustrated by the accompanying Drawing.
4
"
In witness whereof, I, the said Mary Elizabeth Walton, have to this my
Specification set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of September, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy nine.
MARY E. WALTON. (L.S.)