Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd May, 1888.
Specification Accepted, 6th July, 1888
We, JOSEPH ACON ARTHUR, residing at Toledo, in the County of Lucas and State of
Ohio, one of the United States of America, Inventor, and THOMAS CARLTON GARFIELD,
residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, one of the United
States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Referring to the Drawings:
Figure 1, is a vertical, longitudinal, central section of a Steam Engine embodying
this Invention, the eccentric being indicated in dotted lines.
Figure 2, is a horizontal central section through the cylinder, (the governor
omitted.)
Figure 3, is an end view..
Figure 4, is an elevation, and
Figure 5, a longitudinal section of the split sleeve.
Figure 6, is a detail elevation of the rockers, and
Figure 7, a plan of same with cranks broken away.
Figures 8, 9 and 10, are detail views of the rocker connections.
Figures 11 and 12, are details of the valve rings.
Figure 13, is a broken side elevation showing Governor and connections.
Figure 14, is a section of band wheel showing parts of Governor in dotted lines.
Figures 15 and 16, are views of the weighted arms of the Governor.
Figures 17 and 18, are views of the shifting bar.
The numeral, 1, indicates the steam cylinder. 2, 2, designate the cylinder heads.
Each head has a central pocket, 3, bored conically and containing a longitudinally
split sleeve, 4, conical on its outer surface, but having a cylindrical bore. Sleeve, 4,
is held by screw or pin, 5, to nut, 6, which engages a screw thread in the walls of
pocket, 3.
When this nut is turned, the split sleeve will be turned, and will also be forced in
and contracted.
The pistons, 10, 10, have each a cylindrical piece, 11, extending into sleeve, 4.
These pieces form bearings to support the pistons, so that the pistons have little or no
wear on the cylinder.
The bearings, 11, are hollow and contain bars, 12, each bar having an end tooth, 13,
extending from the inner face of piston, 10. The bars, 12, entirely close the passages
through bearings, 11.

page_text: Cylinder, 1, has a cap, 15, over central opening, 16. The crank shaft, 17, enters
the center of the cylinder through sleeves, 18, and has its crank pin, 19, midway
between piston heads, 10.
Rocker pieces, 20, 20, have bearings against the inner faces of pistons, 10, the
rounded teeth, 13, extending into a central hole in each rocker. Bars, 21, 21, extend
from the rockers toward the crank pin.
A bearing piece, 23, on each side of the crank pin has a socket or half box to
receive said crank pin, 19. The piece, 23, has shoulders toward the ends of bars, 21,
and a wedge, 26, in the form of a link, surrounds the tongue, 25, of each bearing
piece, 23. The tongues, 25, extend into slots or mortises in the ends of bars, 21.
Screws, 27, passing through the narrow ends of wedges, 26, rest on tongues, 25.
The turning in of one of those screws moves the wedge, to which it is attached, and
forces the bearing piece, 23, away from the rocker piece, 20, either to take up wear or
to adjust the parts.
The pistons, 10, 10, are rigidly connected by bars, 30, 30, and the rocker pieces, 20,
their bars, 21, and the bearing pieces, 23, form rigid push bars from the pistons to
the crank pin. The movement of the pistons lengthwise in the cylinder, causes the
push pieces to bear alternately on the crank pin, thus turning the crank shaft, 19.
Shaft, 19, bears an eccentric. The strap, 31, around this eccentric is connected by
rod, 37, to arm, 32, of rock shaft, 33, which rock shaft has an arm, 34, connected by
pitman, 35, to the valve rod, 36, which rod extends through stuffing boxes, 40, at each
end of steam chest, 41.
Balanced valves, 42, 43, on rod, 36, are in position to open and close ports, 44,
and, 45, alternately, as rod, 36, reciprocates.
Steam is admitted to chest, 41, at any convenient point, as, 48, and exhausts from
the ports through passages, 46, to the escape at, 47.
When the pistons are in the position shown in figure 1, and steam is admitted to
port, 44, both pistons will be pressed to the right. The rocker and its connections at
the left of the crank pin, will press said pin to the right. The rockers will rock
on their piston heads to the position shown in figure 6, (dotted lines,) the bearings of
the rocker on the piston being all the time in a horizontal direction from the piston to
the crank pin. The pistons being supported by the projections, 11, will have little
friction on the cylinder.
When the pistons have completed their movement to the right the slide valves will
have been moved far enough to permit the exhaust of the steam just used, and the
entrance of live steam at the opposite port.
The
The split or opening, 4*, in each sleeve, 4, permits the entrance of steam to
pockets, 3, past the ends of bearing piecos, 11, thus preventing a vacuum.
sleeve, 4, may be split in more than one place if desired. The pressing in of these
sleeves and their partial rotation by means of nuts, 6, maintain a uniform bearing
between the sleeves and the pieces, 11.
The cover, 15, may be removed to adjust the wedges, 26.
Stuffing boxes, 40, are placed in holes, 50, in the casing of the steam chest, these
holes being larger than the body of the box, and covered by flanges, 51. The boxes
may thus be slightly adjusted sidewise, to secure alignment, and may be held by
screws or bolts.
The cylinder heads, 2, are preferably cupped on their outer ends. The nuts, 6,
serve as caps to close pockets, B.
The cylinder may be cut away at, 60, to give room for crank movement.
Valves, 42 and 43, are preferably true cylinders, and move in sleeves, 62 and 63,
inside the steam chest, which sleeves are removable.
The slide valves, 42, and, 43, and the pistons, may have packing rings, 55, and, 56.
The split ring, 56, surrounds the cylindrical valve or piston as usual. The, H, shaped
piece, 57, is fastened thereto, and the ends of packing ring, 55, come between the
flanges of said piece, 57, and may expand or contract between said flanges.
The rock shaft, 33, is supported in bearings near the end of the cylinder, preferably
on brackets attached to the cylinder. The arm, 34, from this rock shaft, is connected

page_text: with pitman, 35, which actuates the slide valves. The shaft, 33, has an arm, 32
which is connected by rod, 37, to the eccentric strap, 31.
The Governor is carried by the fly wheel or band wheel, c, which is keyed to the
main shaft, 19. Two opposite spokes, d, d, of the band wheel carry hubs or
bearings, d, d. Each hub serves as a pivotal bearing for a crank arm, e. The
shaft, of cach crank has an arm, g, firmly attached thereto, and the end of each
arm, g, has a weight, h, secured thereto, or formed integral therewith.
Each weight, , has a spring, i, connecting it to the side of the fly or band wheel,
so as to hold it toward the main shaft. As the wheel rotates the tendency of these
weights will be to fly outward, distending the springs, i.
The outward movement of the weights will turn the shafts, f, and the crank arms, e,
thereon.
A bar, &, connects the two pins of the crank arms, e. This bar, k, has an open loop
at the center, through which the main shaft passes and this loop is turned true on the
outside to form the eccentric, l, said eccentric projecting laterally from the bar, k.
Around the eccentric, 1, is a strap, 31, connected to the rod, 37, which leads
to the arm, 32, on the rock shaft, 33, and an arm, 34, from this rock shaft works the
reciprocating valves.
The strap, 31, is bolted together around the eccentric in usual manner, and may
havo an inside groove to receive a rib, n, on the eccentric, to prevent side movement.
The rotation of the wheel, c, causes the weights, h, to move outward by centrifugal
force, thus turning the cranks, e, and shifting bar, k, and eccentric, l, so that the
eccentric is more nearly concentric with the shaft, 17, and steam is thereby cut off.
By means of the rock shaft, 33, and arms extending each side thereof, the travel of
the valves may be made uniform in speed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. A steam engine cylinder having fixed pistons with rockers between the
same, having connections to bearings on the crank shaft, and end projections from the
pistons supported in the cylinder heads, as described.
2. The piston having a supporting cylindrical projection and a split conical sleeve
surrounding the same in a conical seat in the cylinder head, the sleeve being attached
to a nut which engages the cylinder, as described.
3. The novel features of the rockers and bearing pieces engaging the crank pin and
the interposed wedges for spreading said bearing pieces from the rockers, and tho
mechanism for adjusting the same, as described.
4. The adjustable stuffing boxes having the construction stated, and the sliding
valves provided with the packing rings described.
5. The governor mounted on the Hy wheel and having a shifting bar bearing the
eccentric which is connected to the valves as described, and the opposite crank pins
controlling the shifting bar and having weights and springs arranged substantially as
described.
Dated this 22nd day of May 1888
JOSEPH ACON ARTHUR.
THOMAS CARLTON GARFIELD.
By Jensen & Son,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.