Improvements in Lamps.
Year: 1895

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps.
We JOSEPH HENRY IREDALE of Fenwick Chambers Liverpool in the County
of Lancaster, Manufacturer and EDWARD GERARD of 17 Irvine Street Edgehill
Liverpool in the County of Lancaster Lamp Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to improvements in lamps, in which the illuminating
agent employed is a volatile liquid such as benzoline the object being to construct
such lamps in such a manner that they may be less liable to explosion and accident
and may be carried about with perfect safety. In a lamp constructed according to
our invention the volatile liquid is contained in a vessel provided with a closely
fitting cover from which depends a tube which extends down to the bottom of the
container.
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The said tube also projects a convenient distance above the body of the lamp
and is packed with wick. The burner consists of a small cap in the form of a
dome fitting on to the top of the above mentioned tube.
Any suitable number of fine holes is bored through the walls of the dome and
the gas generated from the benzoline passes through the said holes and burns
around the outside of the said dome. An air chamber is provided between the
vessel containing the liquid and the screw to prevent the lamp from becoming
overheated.
An air valve is provided at the side of the container fitted with a screw for
regulating the air into same.
In a lamp constructed according to our invention, the volatile liquid cannot
evaporate when not in use.
Dated the 23rd day of January.1895.
J. HENRY IREDA ALL
EDWARD GERARD.
Improvements in Lamps.
We, JOSEPH HENRY IREDALE, of Fenwick Chambers, Liverpool in the County
of Lancaster, Manufacturer and EDWARD GERARD of No. 17 Irvine Street,
Edgehill, Liverpool in the said County of Lancaster, Lamp Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention has reference to lamps in which the illuminating agent employed
is a volatile liquid such as benzoline, the object being to construct such lamps in
such a manner that they may be less liable to explosion and accident and may be
carried about with perfect safety.
In a lamp constructed according to our invention the volatile liquid is contained
in.a vessel provided with a closely fitting, cover from which depends a tube which

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extends down to the bottom of the container. The said tube also projects
convenient distance above the body of the lamp and i packed with wick. The
burner consists of a small cap in the form of a dome fitting on to the top of
the above mentioned tube. Any suitable number of fine holes is bored through the
walls of the dome and the gas generated from the benzoline passes through
the said holes and burns around the outside of the said dome. An air chamber is
provided between the vessel containing the liquid and the screw to prevent the
lamp from becoming overheated. An air valve is provided at the side of the
container fitted with a screw for regulating the air into same.
And in order that our invention may be fully understood we append drawings
which show the general form and arrangement of the parts of a lamp constructed
in the manner in which we prefer to carry out our invention; but modifications
may be made without exceeding the limits of our invention.
Figure I is a general view of a lamp constructed according to our invention.
Figure II is a vertical section through the body of the lamp.
Figure III shows separately the parts not shown in Figure II.
Figure IV is a longitudinal section of the valve drawn to an enlarged scale and
Figure V is a similar view of the cap.
Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
We construct the body 2 of the lamp of sheet copper or other suitable material
and of cylindrical form with a dome cover 3 and flat bottom 8.
Near the top
of the body we form a slight recess 4 around the exterior producing a ledge 5
around the interior. Onto the ledge 5 we solder an annular disc 6.
We pass a
brass socket 9 down through the centre of the cover until the screwed collar 10 of
the said socket lies on the top thereof. We then take a tube 11, (which may
conveniently be made of sheet copper rolled into a tube and soldered along the
join) of sufficient length to reach nearly to the bottom of the vessel and fit it on
to the lower part of the socket 9. We then make a soldered joint at the top of
the tube 11, thus securing together the cover 3, socket 9 and tube 11.
The cover
is next fitted in place with the tube 11 projecting downwards through the annular
disc 6, the hole in the centre of which is made to fit the said tube. The edge of
the cover 3 is spun over the top edge of the body 2, which has been previously.
flanged for the purpose. We then turn the body upside down and solder the
tube 11 to the disc around the underside of the hole therethrough. The bottom 8
of the vessel is then laid on the flanged bottom edge of the body 2 and is secured
in place by spinning the said flange back over the bottom and soldering the joint.
There are thus two compartments in the vessel, the lower 12 (which is also the
larger) adapted to contain the benzoline or the like, and the upper 13, which forms"
an air chamber and prevents the lamp from becoming overheated. The air
chamber 13 is provided with one or more ventilation holes such as 14. The
container 12 is provided with a non-return air valve 15, consisting of, first a
body 16 having a reduced internal diameter near the inner end and an external
screw thread on the outer end, second a plunger with enlarged head 17; third a
light spiral spring 18 adapted to bear at one end against the shoulder in the body
and at the other against the underside of the head of the plunger 17, and lastly of
an internally screw threaded annular cap 19 adapted to screw on to the outer end
of the body 16 of the valve. The head of the plunger 17 is pressed into the
aperture in the cap 19 by the spring 18, and by screwing the cap 19 farther or less
far on to the body 16 the atmospheric air passes into the container correspondingly
less or more freely. By using a valve of this or similar description and placing
it near the top of the container at the side thereof as shown, a proper supply of
air is ensured, the lamp may be moved freely without extinction and the valve
being kept cool explosions, which frequently occur when the valve is placed at
the top of the cover nearer the burner, are prevented. After removing the cap 19,
plunger 17 and spring 18, the container may be readily charged with the liquid
through the body 16 of the valve. The liquid cannot evaporate when the lamp
is not in use; nor.can any material quantity of the liquid escape even if the lampi

page_text: be over-turned, as the container 12 and the tube 11 act on the principle of the well
known safety ink bottles.
We take a second tube 20 preferably of stiff guage brass and solder thereon a
flanged collar 21 at such a distance from one end that the said end will just reach
to the bottom of the container 12 when that end of the tube is passed through the
tube 11 and is fixed in position by the coupling nut 22 engaging with the flange
of the collar 21 and the screwed collar 10 of the socket 9. The said end of the
tube 20 has two or any other suitable number of notches 23 cut therein to admit
the liquid to the tube. The tube is filled with wick and on to the upper end,
which projects a convenient distance above the body of the lamp, is screwed a
small brass dome or cap 24 which forms the burner. We turn a groove 25 in the
upper part of the cap and through such grooved part we drill, say, six horizontal
radial holes 26 about '02" in diameter communicating with the hollow part of the
dome above the top of the tube 20.
When the lamp is required for use it is charged with the liquid as above
described. It is then held in a horizontal position and the burner heated with a
lighted match or other suitable flame. After a few moments the heat causes the
gas to escape through the holes in the dome and on reaching the flame it ignites at
each hole and continues to burn until the liquid is all spent. The lamp may be
extinguished by blowing out the flame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that,
we are aware that lamps employing a volatile liquid as the illuminating agent have
already been constructed on the same general principles as those herein before
described and we do not broadly claim the same, but what we do claim is,
I. In a lamp in which the illuminating agent employed is a volatile liquid such
as benzoline, fitting directly to the side of the container a valve adapted to admit
a proper supply of air to the said container and capable of regulation, substantially
as herein described.
II. In a lamp in which the illuminating agent employed is a volatile liquid such
as benzoline, the combination with the container of a valve such as 15, comprising
a body such as 16, a plunger such as 17, a spring such as 18, and a screw cap such
as 19, all combined arranged and operating substantially as and for the purpose set
forth and as illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 23rd day of October 1895.
J. HENRY
IKEDALE.
EDWARD GERARD.