Improvements in the Manufacture of Solid Drawn or Seamless or other Metallic Tubes, and in the Apparatus or Machinery Employed in the Manufacture thereof.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Oct., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 16th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted, 25th May, 1889
Improvements in the Manufacture of Solid Drawn or Seamless or
other Metallic Tubes, and in the Apparatus or Machinery
Employed in the Manufacture thereof.
We, WILLIAM PILKINGTON of 74 Green Lanes Small Heath, steel tube drawer
CHARLES THOMAS BISHOP of 31 Wheeleys Road Birmingham Wire worker, and
ANDERSON BROWNSWORD of Mapperley Road Nottingham Silk Merchant, do hereby
declare the nature of our said invention to be as follows:-
We will describe our Invention as applied to Seamless or Solid drawn tubes.
We arrange three cylindrical rolls of a required length with their axis parallel
or nearly parallel to each other; these rolls are by preference of equal diameter and
in that case the centres of their axis in a plane at right angles to the axes would
form an equilateral triangle, in other words we arrange these three rolls in a similar
nanner to the rolls that are used by boiler makers for bending their plates, we give
a rotary Motion about its axis to each of these rolls by appropriate means.
Each of these three rolls has a helical groove with rounded corners on its
cylindrical surface this groove extends from one end of the roll to the other. At
the one end of the rolls, which we call the entering end, this groove is deep but
as it proceeds along the roll it becomes shallower till at the other end, which we
call the leaving end, the depth of the groove is little or nothing.
The grooves in each of the three rolls are of the same pitch so that when the
three rolls are rotated simultaneously and at the same rate and in the proper
direction on their axes they form in the triangular space, where they meet, a kind
of nut or internal threaded screw, so that any object which fits into the groove
would be carried along from the entering to the leaving end of the rolls.
We mount these rolls in such a manner that the hollow ingot or tube use (the
one we intend using is embodied in the Specification of the said William Pilkington
No. 11678, 1888 but we may use any other kind of tube use) on its mandrill can
be presented endways in the space between the three rolls at the entering end, it is
then seized by the helical grooves in the rolls and is gradually passed along in a
direction parallel to the axes of the rolls to the leaving end and out of the Machine.

page_text: When the ingot or tube use is first seized it has deep depressions formed in it by
the grooved rolls but as it passes along it gets to where the grooves are shallower and
these depressions are smoother till when the hollow ingot or tube use leaves the rolls
it is in the form of a hollow cylinder of smaller outside diameter than when it-entered
between the rolls, but longer, and the Metal denser.
The Mandril which carries the tube use may either be put in at the entering end
of the rolls or it may be passed in from the leaving end, and have the tube use then
placed at its far end, the mandril then returning.by the same way that it was inserted,
but on its return it has the tube use on it.
The mandril has upon it a square part which is seized by a corresponding holder
when the tube use is nearly through the rolls thereby preventing the continued
rotation of the Mandril and facilitating the withdrawal of the rolled tube use.
To free the mandril from the tube use after it has passed through the process
described above, we pass them both through a pair of rolls each of a hollowed
section, somewhat similar to that of ordinary Welding rolls employed in the
manufacture of lap welded iron tubes. In this case we pass the ingot or tube use
on its mandril through in a direction at right angles to the axes of the rolls, the
effect of doing this is to slightly bulge the tube use as now formed and thus free the
Mandril.
We next set down the end of the unfinished tube and screw it interiorally for the
reception of the tool by which it is drawn through the die.
We put it on the Mandril and draw it through a die on an ordinary draw
bench after it passes through the die wo pass it between two or more rollers set
in a frame specially constructed and so arranged that the said rollers bear against
the tube; this causes the tube to spring away slightly from the Mandril in the
spaces between the rollers thereby facilitating the withdrawal of the Mandril.
The far end of the Mandril has a collar either temporarily or permanently attached
to its end.
When the tube has been drawn through the draw plate or die this collar on the
Mandril comes against the die and being larger than the hole in the die it cannot
go through and remains stationary, but as the motion of the tube is continued by the
action of the draw bench the tube is drawn off the Mandril.
Our invention is applicable to the Manufacture either of parallel or taper tubes
although we have described our invention as applicable to seamless tubes, yet the
apparatus for releasing the Mandril can be applied to the Manufacture of other
descriptions of tubes in the making of which tubes Mandrils are employed.
Dated 4th October 1888.

page_text: 'Improvements in the Manufacture of Solid Drawn or Seamless or..
other Metallic Tubes, and in the Apparatus or Machinery
Employed in the Manufacture thereof.
We WILLIAM PILKINGTON of 74 Green Lanes, Sinall Heath, Steel tube drawer,
CHARLES THOMAS BISHOP of 31 Wheeley's Road, Birmingham, Wire worker, and
ANDERSON BROWNSWORD of Mapperley Road, Nottingham, Silk Merchant, do hereby
declare the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
We will describe our invention as applied to seamless or solid drawn tubes.
We arrange three cylindrical rolls of a required length with their axes parallel
or nearly parallel to each other, these rolls are by preference of equal diameter and
in that case the centres of their axis in a plane at right angles to the axes would
form an equilateral triangle, in other words we arrange these three rolls in a
similar manner to the rolls that are used by boiler makers for bending their plates,
we give a rotary motion about its axis to each of these rolls by appropriate means.
Each of these three rolls has a helical groove with rounded corners on its
cylindrical surface this groove extends from one end of the roll to the other. At
the one end of the rolls which we call the entering end this groove is deep but as
it proceeds along the roll it becomes shallower till at the other end which we call
the leaving end the depth of the groove is little or nothing..
The grooves in each of the three rolls are of the same pitch so that when the three
rolls are rotated simultaneously and at the same rate and in the proper direction
on their axes they form in the triangular space where they, meet a kind of nut or
internal threaded screw, so that any object which fits into the groove would be
carried along from the entering to the leaving end of the rolls.
We mount these rolls in such a manner that the hollow ingot or tube use (the
one we intend using is embodied in the specification of the said William Pilkington
No. 11678 of 1888, but we may use any other kind of tube use) on its mandril can
be presented end ways in the space between the three rolls at the entering end, it is
then seized by the helical grooves in the rolls and is gradually passed along in a
direction parallel to the axes of the rolls to the leaving end and out of the machine.
When the ingot or tube use is first seized it has deep depressions forined in it by
the grooved rolls but as it passes along it gets to where the grooves are shallower and
these depressions are smoother till when the hollow ingot or tube use leaves the rolls
it is in the form of a hollow cylinder of smaller outside diameter than when it
entered between the rolls, but longer and the metal denser.
The mandril which carries the tube use may either be put in at the entering end!
of the rolls or it may be passed in from the leaving end and have the tube use then
placed at its far end, the mandril then returning by the same way that it was inserted
but on its return it has the tube use on it.

page_text: The mandril has upon it a square part which-is-seized-by a corresponding holder
when the tube use is nearly through the rolls thereby preventing the continued
rotation of the mandril and facilitating the withdrawal of the rolled tube use.
To free the mandril from the tube use after it has passed through the process
described above, we pass them both through a pair of rolls each of a hollowed
section somewhat similar to that of ordinary welding rolls employed in the
manufacture of lap welded iron tubes. In this case we pass the ingot or tube use
on its mandril through in a direction at right angles to the axes of the rolls, the
effect of doing this is to slightly bulge the tube use as now formed and thus free
the mandril.
We next set down the end of the unfinished tube and screw it interiorally for the
reception of the tool by which it is drawn through the die.
We put it on the mandril and draw it through a die on an ordinary draw bench,
after it passes through the die we pass it between two or more rollers set in a frame
specially constructed and so arranged that the said rollers hear against the tube,
this causes the tube to spring away slightly from the mandril in the spaces between
the rollers thereby facilitating the withdrawal of the mandril.
The far end of the mandril has a collar either temporarily or permanently
attached to its end.
When the tube has been drawn through the draw plate or die, this collar on
the mandril comes against the die and being larger than the hole in the die it
cannot go through and remains stationary, but as the motion of the tube is
continued by the action of the draw-bench the tube is drawn off the mandril.
Our invention is applicable to the manufacture either of parallel or taper tubes
although we have described our invention as applicable to seamless tubes, yet the
apparatus for releasing the mandril can be applied to the manufacture of other
descriptions of tubes in the making of which tubes mandrils are employed.
And in order that this our said invention may be more fully understood we shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose we shall refer to
the several figures in the sheets of drawings hereunto annexed, the same letters of
reference indicating corresponding parts throughout all the figures.

page_text: becomes shallower and when reaching the other end 62 and which we call the leaving
end its depth is comparatively nothing.
The grooves in each of these three rolls a, a, a, are of the same pitch so that when
the three said rolls are rotated simultaneously at the same speed and in the proper
direction on their axes c, c, c, they form in the triangular spaced where they meet a
kind of nut or internal threaded screw so that any object fitting into the groove b
would be carried along from the entering end 6¹ to the leaving end b² of the said
rolls.
We mount these rolls a, a, a, upon the frame.e, which is well known and in such a
manner that the hollow ingot or tube use f on the mandril g, can be presented end-
ways in the space d between the said rolls at the entering end it is then seized by
the helical grooves in the rolls and is passed along gradually in a direction parallel
to the axes c of the rolls a, and out of the leaving end 62 of the machine as illustrated
by Fig. 2.
When the ingot or tube use f is first seized by the rolls a, a, a, it takes the deep
depressions b, at the entering end 61 but on passing along it reaches where the
depressions b, are shallower and smoother and when it leaves the rolls a, a, a, at 6ª it
is in the form of a hollow cylinder of a smaller outside diameter than when it entered.
between the rolls a, a, a, but elongated and the metal more dense.
A rotary motion about its axis to each of these rolls a, a, a, is imparted by, any
suitable means.
The mandril g, which carries the tube use or ingot f, may be passed between the
rolls a, a, a, either at the entering end 6 or at the leaving end 6 the hollow ingot or
tube use would then be placed on its far end, the mandril g then. returning by the
same way it was inserted but on its return it would have the tube use or ingot
upon it.
The mandrel g is provided with the square head or its equivalent g, and his a
bracket or support permanently secured to the frame e, at e', ' is the holder being a
square hole or its equivalent corresponding to g' when the tube use or ingot f is nearly
through the rolls a, a, a, g¹ is brought up and into ', the rotation of the mandril g, is
thus stopped, but the tube use or ingot by the action of the rolls a, a, a, is still
carried onward and thus withdrawn from the mandril g, and freed at the leaving end
of the rolls a, a, a, at b³.
In some cases to free the mandril g from the tube use or ingot fafter having passed
through the process above set forth we employ a pair of rolls i, i of a hollowed
section, mounted in the frame j, the tube use or ingot f upon the mandril g, is
passed through in a direction at right angles to the axes c, of the rolls i, the effect of
which is to bulge the tube use or ingot fat I sufficient to release or free the mandril g,
this process is illustrated in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
In Fig. 5 we show what may be now termed an unfinished cylindrical tube f set
down at the one end m, and screwed interiorally at m¹ for the reception of the drawing
through tool. In Fig. 6 the tube is on the mandril 9 being drawn through the plate
or die n, by means of which said die or plate and other dies or plates afterwards
employed it is elongated as required reduced in its outside diameter, and in a finished
state.
To remove the tube f from the mandrel g it will be seen that the said 7 is provided
with a collar, (Fig. 6) either temporarily or permanently attached to its end so that
when the tube has been drawn through the die or plate n, this collar comes
against the die or plate n, and being larger than the hole through which the tube fis
drawn is stopped, and remains stationary, but the motion of the tube by the action
of the draw bench o continues and thus the tube fis drawn off the mandril g.
Another mode which we may employ for removing the mandril 9, from the tube f,
independently of the plans above set forth, thus, when the tube fis taken from the
draw bench after having passed through the die or plate n, by the ordinary method
the said tube is upon the mandril g, to withdraw the said mandril we construct a
frame P, in which is set two or more rollers by preference four as shown at r, r, r, r,
and adjusted by means of the set screws 8, 8, 8, 8, the tube f on the mandril g would be

page_text: P₁
passed through these rolls in a direction at right angles to the frame which would
cause the tube to bulge slightly in the spaces between the rollers at vand spring
from the mandril g, so that the latter can be withdrawn with facility.
We have described our invention in the above specification and illustrated the same
to the manufacture of parallel tubes, but the same process
other tubes solid drawn, seamless or otherwise.
applicable to taper and
The apparatus we have set forth as above and shown for the releasing and
withdrawing of the mandril is applicable to the manufacture of tubes of all kinds in
the making of which mandrils are employed.
The above being our said invention we wish it to be observed in conclusion that
we do not limit ourselves to the precise details or arrangement of parts as described
and shown on the accompanying sheets of drawings but that we hold ourselves at
liberty to alter or modify the same without departing essentially from the principle
of the said invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :
1st. The construction and application of three cylindrical rolls with helical grooves
on their cylindrical surface extending from the one end of the said rolls to the
other and mounted in a frame as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,. substantially for the purpose
as herein before set forth and described.
2nd. The construction and application of a mandril with a square head (or its
equivalent) in connection with a square hole (or its equivalent) in the bracket or
support, and termed the "holder "as Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, substantially for the purpose
as hereinbefore set forth and described.
3rd. The construction and application of a pair of rolls of a hollowed section
mounted in a frame, as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, substantially for the purpose as hereinbefore
set forth and described..
4th. The construction and application of a mandril with a collar temporarily or
permanently attached to its end as Fig. 6 substantially for the purpose as hereinbefore
set forth and described.
5th. The construction and application of two or more rollers, by preference four
mounted in a frame and adjustable as Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, substantially for the purpose
as herein before set forth and described.
6th. The general construction combination and arrangement of parts as hereinbefore
described and illustrated on the accompanying sheets of drawings, the whole forming
improvements in the manufacture of solid drawn or seamless or other metallic tubes
and in the apparatus or machinery employed in the manufacture thereof.
Dated 16th January 1889.