-up beats.
Year: 1897

page_text: -up beats.
We, JAMES GLENCAIRN ARMOUR, of 9, Lilley Road, Fairfield, Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, and CHARLES SOUTHORN, of 3, Euston Grove, Birken-
head, in the County of Chester, House Furnisher, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to chairs with turn-up seats, such as are used in
theatres and other places where space is limited.
In such chairs as ordinarily constructed, great inconvenience and delay are ex-
perienced when any of the chairs have to be removed or any of the parts require to
be repaired or re-upholstered, and our object is to obviate these difficulties.
In carrying out our invention, we provide a series of frames, usually of cast iron,
each of which, except the two at the extreme ends of the row, serves for two seats,
and we arrange the seats, arms and backs so that any one can be instantly removed
or replaced for repairs etc., without disturbing any of the others.
The frames are not fastened to the floor as is usual, but each is provided with a
foot adapted to be slid into a shallow bracket or socket secured to the floor, which
holds the frame with sufficient firmness and yet allows it to be readily removed or
replaced without disturbing those on either side.
The gudgeons by which the seats are pivoted, are preferably attached thereto, and
fit into deep notches in the franes, so that they can be simply dropped into place;
projecting ledges are provided on the frames, adapted to engage with the seats, or
projections thereon so as to support then in the horizontal position.
The arms and backs are adapted to slide on to corresponding parts of the frames,
of dove-tailed or other suitable cross-section, and the backs thus serve as ties to
connect adjacent frames. In the case of the arms, it is desirable to cut away the
slides at places so that the arins can be dropped on to the frames and slid forward
into position.
improуещение и сп
WICH Lurn-up Seats.
We, JAMES GLENCAIRN ARMOUR, of 9 Lilley Road, Fairfield, Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, and CHARLES SOUTHORN, of 3 Euston Grove, Birken-
head, in the County of Chester, House Furnisher, do hereby declare the nature of
Price 8d.1

page_text: this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This invention has reference to chairs with turn-up seats, such as are used in
theatres and other places where space is limited.
In such chairs as ordinarily constructed, great inconvenience and delay are
experienced when any of the chairs have to be removed or any of the parts require
to be repaired or re-upholstered, and our object is to obviate these difficulties.
In carrying out our invention, we provide a series of frames or standards, usually
of cast iron, each of which, except the two at the extreme ends of the row, serves for
two seats, and we arrange the seats, arms and backs so that any one can be instantly
removed or replaced for repairs, etc., without disturbing any of the others.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. I shows in front elevation a row of chairs
constructed according to our invention in two cases the seats are turned up, and in
the case of the chair at the extreme right end, the seat, back and one arm are removed.
Figs. II and III are side elevations showing respectively the seat turned down and
turned up.
Figs. IV to XX are detail views to larger scale, Figs. IV to XI referring to the
standards, and Figs. XII to XX referring to the seats, backs and arms.
Throughout the drawings the same parts are indicated by the same reference
figures, and in the case of sections, the direction in which the section is viewed
is indicated by the small arrows adjacent to the letters denoting the plane of
section.
As shown in Fig. I, a row of chairs comprises a series of independent standards 1,
with seats 2, backs 3 and arms 4 supported by the standards, the number of the latter
being one more than the number of seats.
One of the standards is shown in side elevation, front elevation and plan in
Figs. IV, V and VI respectively: Figs. VII and VIII are fragmentary sections on
the lines A A, and B B, respectively of Fig. IV.
The standard is preferably of cast iron, as already stated, and all in one piece,
with the exception of the stud 5 and nut 6, and it stands upon the base 16. The
thin central portion or web 7 is stiffened at its edges by the bulb 8 which strengthens
and improves the appearance of the standard.
9 are sockets or notches on the sides of the standards adapted to receive the
gudgeons or pivots 10 of the seats: the web 7 is continuous between the sockets
(see Fig. VIII) so as to preserve the strength of the standard and locate the seat
gudgeons 10 endwise, and it will be seen that as the sockets are open at the top,
there being no bulb at the mouths of the sockets, the seats can be simply
dropped into place or removed without disturbing the standards.
11 are brackets projecting from the sides of the standards and adapted to support
the seats, which rest upon the tops of the brackets when turned down as in Fig. II,
and against the rear parts 11' of the brackets when turned up as in Fig. III:
the position of these brackets is so arranged in conjunction with the curved form of
the sockets 9 that the seats rest quite securely in either position without any tendency
to tilt.
12 is a bracket for carrying the arm and 13 is a palm for carrying the back: each
of these is pierced with the holes 14 of key-hole form to suit the studs 15 of the arms
and backs by which the attachment is made.
The seats, backs and arms each consist of a frame-work, usually of wood, covered
with upholstery after the ordinary manner.
Figs. XII, XIII and XIV show one of the seats 2 in plan, side elevation and
front elevation respectively: 10 are the gudgeons already referred to and adapted to
drop into the sockets 9. These gudgeons are firmly fixed in the frame-work of the
seat, the width of which is such that it can swing freely between the standards 1.
Figs. XVIII, XIX and XX show one of the arms 4 in inverted plan, side elevation
and front elevation respectively: 15 are the studs or button-head screws already
referred to, firmly fixed to the lower side of the arm and adapted to be dropped

page_text: through the enlarged parts of the holes 14 in the arm bracket 12 and then slid
forward into the slotted parts of the holes so as to attach the arm to the arm
bracket.
Figs. XV, XVI and XVII show one of the backs 3 in plan, side elevation and
front elevation respectively it is provided with a pair of studs 15 similar to those
of the arm and adapted to similarly attach the back to the palms 13 by the holes 14
therein. A shoulder 17 is formed at each side of the back which is intended to
abut against the shoulder 18 on the standard 1 when the back is in its proper position :
the lower edge of the back then lies behind the arm, as shown in Figs. II and III,
and thus prevents the latter from being slid back, so that it cannot be displaced unless
the back be first raised.
The correct distance between the standards 1 is determined at the top by the
backs 3, and at the bottom by the light tie-bars 19 having holes fitting over the
studs 5 and secured by the nuts 6. The tie-bar may be continuous for several
chairs as shown towards the left in Fig. I, or it may be in short lengths as shown
towards the right in the same figure.
As will be seen from Fig. I, all the intermediate standards 1 are alike and the end
standards only differ from the others inasmuch as the palm 13, socket 9 and bracket 11
are provided on one side only,-right or left as the case may be.
In setting up a row of chairs it is only necessary to place the standards in position,
attach the ties 19, affix first the arms and then the backs, and finally drop the seats
into the sockets.
Figs. IX, X and XI are fragmentary views showing a modification of the lower
part of the standards which may be adopted in some cases. Figs. IX and X are
respectively side elevation and plan, and Fig. XI is a section on the line C C, of
Fig. X.
In place of the base 16 already described, a shallow bracket or socket 20
is fixed to the floor by the lugs 21, and the foot 22 of the standard is adapted to be
slid into and held by the bracket: in this construction the tie-bars 19 are of course
dispensed with.
It will be noticed that by the construction described, any individual seat, back,
arm or standard may be removed or replaced with the utmost facility without the
necessity, which is experienced in the ordinary construction, of disturbing the
remaining chairs of the row. Also that the standards not being fixed as is usual to
the floor, the chairs can be set up or their positions re-arranged with very little
trouble or delay.
The
With regard to the attachment of the arms and backs, the main feature is that
the attachment is made by simply placing the arm or back against the corresponding
part and then sliding it into position, instead of having to insert screws.
device shown is considered best adapted for the purpose but obvious mechanical
equivalents might be substituted for instance the arin brackets and back palms
might be of dove-tail cross section for a portion of their length, corresponding
short pieces being attached to the arms and backs, so as to allow the attachment
to be made with a small amount of sliding.
In some cases we further modify the lower part of the standands by making the
base in the form of a tripod one of the legs of which, for the purpose of facilitating
the casting, is detachably secured in a taper socket.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1. The improvement in chairs with turn-up seats which consists in providing the
seats with pivots and supporting the latter in open mouthed sockets on the sides
of standards so that the seats can be inserted or removed without disturbing the
standards, the latter being provided with abutments to limit the pivotal movement
of the seats and being adapted to carry detachable arms and backs, the latter of
which serve to tie the standards together; substantially as described.
2. In chairs with turn-up seats, the combination of a set of standards, pivoted

page_text: seats supported thereby, and arms and backs adapted to be affixed to the standards
by sliding motion, the backs being further adapted to prevent displacement of the
arms and to tie the standards together; substantially as described.
3. A standard for chairs with turn-up seats, provided with open mouthed sockets
to receive the seat pivots, and brackets for the seats to abut against when turned up
or turned down, the sockets being so arranged that the seats can be inserted or
removed without disturbing the standards and being so disposed in relation to
the brackets that the seats rest securely in either position: substantially as
described.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved chairs with
turn-up seats: substantially as described and illustrated.
Deted this 17th day of November 1897.
SLOAN & LLOYD BARNES,
Castle Chambers, 26, Castle Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicants.