IMPROVEMENTS IN FORGING OR MOULDING ARTICLES IN METAL, AND IN MACHINERY AND AP- PLIANCES THEREFOR."
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
CC
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
FORGING OR MOULDING ARTICLES IN METAL, AND IN MACHINERY AND AP-
PLIANCES THEREFOR." A communication from abroad by Barthélemy Brunon
and Gabriel Brunon, trading under the name or style of Brunon, frères, of
Lyons. France.
Sealed the 9th September 1876, and dated the 18th March 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th March 1876.
"
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent. IMPROVEMENTS IN FORGING OR MOULDING ARTICLES IN METAL,
AND IN MACHINERY AND APPLIANCES THEREFOR"
This Invention relates to improvements in the application of hydraulic pressure
for forging, moulding, or pressing heated iron in closed moulds, and also to
the construction and arrangement of machinery and tools or appliances for the
purpose. The particular feature of this mode of forging consists in obtaining a
powerful compression by the application of hydraulic pressure, accumulated and
then suddenly applied to the metal at a red forging heat, in a closed mould of
the exact form required for the finished article. The pressure is applied from the
centre outward by means of a piston or punch which forces the metal into the
hollows of the mould, and causes it to assume its exact form, thereby ensuring
perfect homogeneity of the metal.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represent a longitudinal vertical section
of an hydraulic press for forging or pressing articles of iron in moulds; Figure 2 is
an end view of the same.
Figure 3 shows a vertical section of a mould for forming a manhole cover or
other analogous article; Figure 4 a plan of the same.
Figure 5 shows a vertical section of a mould for making railway buffer heads,
and Figure 6 a plan of the same.
The same letters of reference indicate like parts in the soveral Figures.
A, press; B, ram; C, cross head; D, right and left-handed screws; E, toothed wheels,
each bearing a lug on its under side for striking lugs D₁ on the screws; F, pinion
keyed on driving shaft G, and supported on a movable cross frame H, which serves
[Price 8d.]

page_text: as a stop for pusher I; K, bed in which the lower part N of the mould is fixed;
L, block attached to cross head C, and which receives the upper part of the mould M,
fixed by means of keys l. This part of the mould is divided vertically into two halves,
to facilitate the removal of the article from the mould; O, mandril or punch; Q, rod
of same; P, pipe for supplying water from accumulators to press A. The lump of
metal R is introduced at a white heat into the bottom part N of the mould, the
upper part M having been previously raised. The upper part is then brought down
firmly upon the lower part, and water from the accumulators introduced by pipe P,
which acting on ram B, forces the mandril O upwards into the metal, and drives it
into all the recesses of the mould. The two parts of the mould are then separated
by means of screws D, and the moulded article is removed with the aid if needed
of the pusher I.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 15th
September 1876.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FORGING OR MOULDING ARTICLES IN METAL
AND IN MACHINERY AND APPLIANCES THEREFOR." A communication from abroad by,
Barthélemy Brunon and Gabriel Brunon, trading under the name or style of Brunon,
frères, of Lyons, France.
This Invention relates to improvements in the application of hydraulic pressure
for forging, moulding, or pressing heated iron in closed moulds, and also in the
construction and arrangement of machinery and tools or appliances for the purpose.
The particular feature of this modo of forging consists in obtaining a powerful
compression by the employment of hydraulic pressure, accumulated and then
suddenly applied to the metal at a red forging heat, placed in a closed mould of
the exact form required for the finished article. The pressure is applied from the
centre outward by means of a piston or punch, whereby the metal is forced into
the hollows of the mould, and is caused to assume its exact form, and perfect
homogeneity of the metal is ensured.
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings represents a longitudinal vertical section
of an hydraulic press for forging or pressing articles of iron in moulds; Figure 2 is
an end view of the same.
Figure 3 shows a vertical section of a mould for forming a manhole cover or other
analogous article; Figure 4 a plan of the same.
Figure 5 shows a verticle section of a mould for making railway buffer heads, and
Figure 6 a plan of the same.
The same letters of reference indicate like parts in the several Figures.
A, press; B, ram; C, cross head; D, right and left-handed screws; E, toothed whicels,
each bearing a lug on its under side for striking lugs D' on the screws; F, pinion
keyed on driving shaft G, and supported on a movable cross frame H, which serves
as a stop for pusher I; K, bed in which the lower part N of the mould is fixed;
L, block attached to cross head C, and which receives the upper part of the mould M
fixed by means of keys l. This part of the mould is divided vertically into two
halves, to facilitate the removal of the articles from the moulds; O, forging mandril
or punch, and its rod; P, pipe for supplying water from accumulators to press A.
The lump of metal R of a size suited to the dimensions of the article to be pro-
duced is introduced at a white heat into the bottom part N of the mould, the
upper part M having been previously raised. The upper part is then by means of
screws D brought down as tightly as possible upon the lower part, and water from
the accumulators introduced by pipe P. The water acting on ram B, forces the
mandril O upwards into the metal, whereby the latter is driven into all the recesses
of the mould. The two parts of the mould are then separated by micans of screws D,
and the moulded article is removed with the aid if needed of the pusher I.

page_text: Having described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I declare, that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,
1st. Forging or moulding articles in metal by hydraulic pressure, applied through
a mandril or punch driven into the centre of the heated metal placed in a closed
mould, substantially as herein specified.
2nd. The arrangement and combination of machinery herein shown and described
or any modification thereof, for forging or moulding articles in metal by hydraulic
pressure applied by a mandril or punch, driven into the metal enclosed in a mould
as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
A. M. CLARK. (L.S.)