IM- PROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR THE PREVENTION OF SMOKE AND THE ECONOMY OF FUEL
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Ure and Archibald Ure, both of Glasgow, in the
County of Lanark, North Britain, Ironfounders, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR THE PREVENTION OF SMOKE AND THE ECONOMY
OF FUEL."
Scaled the 27th April 1877, and dated the 13th February 1877.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION loft by the said William Ure and Archibald
Ure at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th February 1877.
WILLIAM URE and ARCHIBALD URE, both of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Ironfounders. " IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR THE PREVENTION
OF SMOKE AND THE ECONOMY OF FUEL"
This Invention has reference to a new or improved general construction or
arrangement of the hearth or mouth and grate bars of furnaces, and other details
thereof, for the better ignition or burning of the hydrocarbon or inflaminable gases
from the fuel within the fire-places of steam boilers or furnaces generally, and the
admission of heated air thereto, all for the said purpose, and the saving of fuel by its
better utilization than heretofore.
And the nature and novelty of the Invention consist in making the front hearth
or dumb plate hollow for the admission of the air through holes at the under back
edge and conducting it forward through the narrow enclosed space below the whole
surface, so as to enter the front of the furnace in a heated state through a row of
holes across the inside of the charging doors, which may be hinged in the usual
manner to close up against the front end of the said hearth, which by another
improvement is raised along a part of the centre, as also the grate bars, the front
ends of which rest on the back end of the hearth stepped on opposite sides to fit the
ends of the furnace bars, which rest at their back ends on bridges of the same, raised
and stepped shape behind, and arched below for strength and the easy admission of
air to the under side of the furnace bars.
The furnace bars are ranged longitudinally as usual, but a fow at each side are
set on a plane some distanco (as from three to nine inches) below those in the
middle, and the intermediate bars on each side may rise on an inclined plane or in
Price G1
---

page_text: a flat arch or segmental form, so that the fire and flames will always burn up in a
conical direction towards the centre, and thus the hot fire on the highest central
part will always burn the gases as they rise from the fuel at the two sides, while
the heated air running back over the fire and upper part of the furnace will heat
and ignite the gases as it mingles with them, and thus prevent the formation of or
consumes all the smoke before it leaves the furnace or passes the back or flamo
bridge, the space over which may be broken up or forined into recesses by the
insertion of one or more divisions between the bridge and the boiler or top of tho
furnace; or otherwise an ordinary flame or combustion chamber may be formed
behind the flame bridge by a back hanging bridge for the intermingling and
combustion of all the inflammable gases before passing back into the flues.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said William Ure and Archibald Ure in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th August 1877.
WILLIAM URE and ARCHIBALD URE, both of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
North Britain, Ironfounders. IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR THE PREVENTION
"
OF SMOKE AND THE ECONOMY OF FUEL."
Our said Invention has reference to a new or improved general construction or
arrangement of the hearth or mouth and grate bars of furnaces, and other details
thereof, for the better ignition or burning of the hydrocarbon or inflammable gases
from the fuel within the fire-places of steain boilers or furnaces generally, and the
admission of heated air thereto, all for the said purpose, and for the saving of fuel by
its bettor utilization than heretofore.
And in order that the nature and novelty of our said Invention may be properly
understood, and the mode of performing or putting the same into effect or practice,
we shall now proceed to describe the several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings
which we have hereunto appended for that purpose, the same reference letters
indicating the same or equivalent parts in the corresponding Figures where shown.
Figures 1 and 2 are a longitudinal and a transverse section of the front part of a
two-Hue or Cornish steam boiler with the furnaces in the front end of the flues,
respectively taken on the lines 1 - 1, and 22,3---3, each in the other
Figure, and Figure 3 is a sectional half plan of the same boiler through one of the
furnace flues, all constructed in accordance with and illustrative of one modification
or arrangement and application of our said Invention or improvements, and Figure 4
is an enlarged transverse section as taken on the irregular line 4---4 in Figure 3
through the furnace bars and air heating box or hearth.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section on the line 5---5 in Figure 0, which is an end
view and section on the line 6---6 in Figure 5, both of one of a range of foundry
mould or core drying furnaces as fitted with one arrangement of our said Invention
or improvements, showing the application thereof to furnaces generally, other than
to steam boiler flue furnaces.
Referring to the modification or arrangement of our Invention or improvements,
shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, the nature and novelty of the Invention, and mode
of performing the same consist in making the front hearth A in the form of a
hollow box or chamber A¹ for the admission of the air through the opening A", or
it might be holes at the under back end, and conducting it forward through the
narrow enclosed space A¹.below the whole surface of the hearth A, so as to enter the
front of the furnace in a heated state through the opening A controlled by the
sliding door a, or it might be by a row of holes across the inside of the hollow
cased charging doors 2', which, whether plain or hollow, may be hinged in the usual
manner to close up against the front end of the said hearth A, A³

page_text: By another improvement the hearth A is raised or arched along a part of the
centre, as are also the grate bars at B³, right along tho whole length of the furnaco
or fire-grate, as seen particularly at A, B, in Figures 2 and 4; the front ends of the
furnace bars B rest on the back end A³ of the hearth or air heating box A, A³,
stepped on opposito sides, as dotted in at B¹ in Figure 2 to fit the ends of the bars,
which also rest at their back ends on bridges B of the same raised and stepped
shape behind, and arched below for strength and the easy admission of air to the
under side of the furnace bars.
The furnace bars B are ranged longitudinally as usual, but a few at each side are
set on a plane B³ some distance (as from three to nine inches) below those B2 in the
middle, and the intermediate bars on each side may rise on an inclined plane or in
a flat arch or segmental form, this latter being preferred, as shown in the
Drawings, so that the fire and flames will always burn up in a conical direction
towards the centre, and thus the hot fire on the highest central part will always
burn the gases as they rise from the fuel at the two sides, as indicated by the darts
in Figure 4, while the heated air entering through the hearth box and running
back over the fire and upper part of the furnace, as indicated by the arrows in the
several Figures, will heat and ignite the gases rising from the fuel as it mingles with
them, and thus prevent the formation of, or consume all the smoke before it leaves
the furnace or passes the back or flame bridge C, the space over which is preferably
broken up or formed into recesses by the insertion of one or more divisions o
between the bridge and the boiler or top of the furnace; or otherwise, an ordinary
flaine or combustion chamber 211 may be formed behind the flame bridge by a back
hanging bridge, as dotted in at E in Figure 5, for the intermingling and combustion
of all the inflammable gases before passing on through the flues.
Referring to Figures 5 and 6, where our said improvements are shown as applied
to a furnace z built or formed in the brickwork Z of furnaces, or it might be in the
seating of steam or other boilers, it is preferred to form air heating chambers or
flues as I, I, in the brickwork Z along the sides of the furnace or fire-place %, the
air entering in front at i of the upper flue or duct, and then passing down at the
back end into the lower duct I, so as to return back through the latter, I', and
enter the back or inner end A" of the hollow box hearth A, A, by the open ends or
sides at 2, all as indicated by the arrows in Figures 5 and 6, and in a more heated
state by passing through the heated flues I, I, in the hot sides of the furnace and
brickwork 3, Z. In this arrangeinent, Figures 5 and 6, the hollow air heating
hearth A, A', and furnace bars B, are all constructed substantially as shown in and
described in reference to the former arrangement, Figures 1 to 4, the air entering
the front of the furnace at A¹ near the close doors 2¹, and pass on over the upper
part of the raised or arched grato bars and burning fuel on them, and so ignite the
gases rising therefrom along cach inclined side of the furnace grate, all as indicated
by the arrows and darts and described in reference to the said former Figures 1 to 4.
The heated air and gases or products of combustion from the furnace z pass back
along and up through the perforated arched roof Z₁ of the furnace 3, and its con-
tinuation in an ordinary manner into the core or mould drying chamber Z above,
which, being of any ordinary construction to suit the purposes for which the
drying stove is to be applied, is not shown in the Drawings, as the perforated roof
and drying chambers form no part of the present Invention.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention and the manner of per-
forming the same, we have to state that we do not confine ourselves to the preciso
details herein described or delineated, but what we consider novel and original, and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,—
First. The general construction of furnaces for steam boiler or other purposes,
with central raised or arched longitudinal grate hearth, all substantially as herein
described in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings, or any mere
modification thereof.
Second. The construction of the grate bars and hearths of furnaces for steam

page_text: boiler and other purposes arched or raised along the centre, all substantially as
herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawings, or any
nere modification thereof.
Third. The forming of the said raised front hearth of furnaces in a hollow box
or flue form for the heating and leading in of the air to the front of the furnaces,
substantially as and for the purposes herein described in reference to and shown in
the accompanying Drawings, or any mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Ure and Archibald Ure, have here-
unto set our hands and seals, this Tenth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness,
W. R. M. THOMSON,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
WILLIAM URE.
(LS)
ARCHIBALD URE. (L.S.)