IMPROVEMENTS IN. HOLDERS FOR LEADS, SLATE, AND OTHER MARKING MATERIALS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bennett Johns Heywood, of Leicester Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN.
HOLDERS FOR LEADS, SLATE, AND OTHER MARKING MATERIALS."
Sealed the 7th November 1856, and dated the 26th May 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bennett Johns Heywood
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th May 1856.
I, BENNETT JOHNS HEYWOOD, of Leicester Square, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention'
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR LEADS, SLATE, AND OTHER MARKING
MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements on that construction of pencil case
or holder in which the propellor, that forces the lead or other marking
material forward, travels up and down a groove or groves provided for the
purpose. As an improvement upon the helically grooved pencil case, for
which I have already obtained Letters Patent, I propose to insert in the bore
of the case an open or unclosed tube, the bore of which will correspond with
the size of lead intended to be used. This tube I fix in the helically grooved
or outer case in such a manner that it will be free to turn therein. The point
of the pencil case I either attach to this tube, that it may turn therewith, or to
the case, that it may remain stationary. When I adopt the latter plan, the
pin, which projects from the propeller through the straight slot or unclosed part

page_text: of the inner tube into. the helical groove in the case, must have a head
projecting beyond the case to form a lever for turning the tube; but when the
point is fixed to the tube, the pin may be flush with the case. This arrange-
ment may, if desired, be reversed; that is, the unclosed tube may surround the
helically grooved case, which will then form the receiver for the lead and the
propeller. To drive forward the propeller, it will be requisite to give the tube
an axial motion, as before.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Bennett Johns Heywood in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 26th November 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, BENNETT
JOHNS HEYWOOD, of Leicester Square, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman,
send greeting.
at any
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of May, in, the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Bennett Johns Heywood, Her special license, that I, the said Bennett Johns
Heywood, my executors, administrators, and-assigns, or such others as I, the
said Bennett Johns Heywood, my executors, administrators, and assigns should
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
HOLDERS FOR LEADS, SLATE, AND OTHER MARKING MATERIALS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said. Bennett Johns Heywood,, by, an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause. the same to be filed in the Great Seal, Patent Office
within six calendar months next, and immediately after the date of tlie said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that, I, the said Bennett Johns. Heywood, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by, the following
statement, reference being, had to the Drawing hereunto annexed,; and, to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say)

page_text: This Invention relates to improvements on that description of pencil case or
holder in which the propeller, that forces. the lead-or, other, marking material
forward, travels up and down a groove or grooves provided for the purpose;
the: object being to maintain the marking material at any "required position
when the holder is in use, and thus to prevent the slipping back of the
protruded: lead when pressure is put upon the point. As an improvement
upon the helically grooved pencil case, for which I obtained Her Majesty's
Royal Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of February, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, I propose to insert. in the centrál bore
of the case an open or unenclosed tube, the internal diameter of which
corresponds with the diameter of lead or other marking. material intended to
be used. In this tube the marking material is placed, and in rear. thereof the
propeller, which is guided down by, the helical groove of the outer case, and
caused to thrust the lead forward.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 shews, in side view, a pencil, case
constructed according to my Invention; and Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section
of the same. a, a, is the barrel, the centre of which is bored out to receive an
open or unclosed tube 6 (shown detached at Fig. 3), which tube is secured in
its place in such a manner that it will be free to turn therein. The point of
the pencil case I either attach to this tube b, that it may turn therewith, or I
attach it to or form it in one piece with the barrel, that it may remain
stationary. When I adopt the latter arrangement, which is the one shewn in
the Drawing, the piu c of the propeller d (which pin projects through the
straight slot or unclosed part of the inner tube b into the helical groove in the
barrel a) must have a head projecting beyond the barrel a of the holder, to
form a lever for turning the tube but when the point is fixed to the inner tube,
the pin may be flush with the barrel or case a. The helical groove may extend
to the top of the barrel, which may then be closed by a cap piece, or it may
stop short of the top. In the latter instance the projecting pin of the plunger
must be passed through the helical groove, and attached to the plunger by
means of a thread tapped on its inner end for the purpose. It will now be
understood that when pressure (in the act of writing or drawing) is put upon
the point of the lead or other marking material, the lead will not yield thereto,
as the propeller cannot slide back to permit of that action without an axial
motion being imparted to the tube b. I would remark, that this arrangement
may be reversed, and the like effect obtained; that is, the unclosed tube may
surround the helically grooved barrel, which will then form the receiver for the
marking material and the propeller. A pin from the propeller will cuter the

page_text: straight slot of the outer tube, and the requisite sliding motion will be imparted
to the propeller, by giving the tube an axial motion, as before.
Having now set forth the nature and object of my Invention of "Improve-
ments in Holders for Leads, Slate, and other Marking Materials," and
explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it to be under-
stood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim the use of
an open or unclosed tube, when applied to helically grooved holders for
marking materials, for retaining the laterally projecting pin of the propeller in
position, and thereby enabling the marking material to resist the pressure put
upon it in the act of writing or drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Bennett Johns Heywood, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-sixth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
BENNETT JOHNS HEYWOOD. (L.S.)