Improvements in Spiral Cutter Blades or Edges for Cropping or Shearing Machines, such as are Used in the Manufacture of Textile or other Fabrics.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Dec., 1896-Accepted, 2nd Jan., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spiral Cutter Blades or Edges for Cropping or
Shearing Machines, such as are Used in the Manufacture of
Textile or other Fabrics.
I, HENRY SMITH, of 103, Artisan View, Hoeley, Sheffield, in the County of
York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said inveution to be as
follows:-
Single flanged spiral cutter blades or edges, hereinafter referred to as cutters,
as at present made are formed from flat strips of steel or steel and iron of uniform
thickness. Such strips being cut off to the required length, are bent so that tho
steel portion of the strip which forms the cutter, stands at right angles or there-
abouts to the iron portion of the strips which lies on the cylindrical shaft or barrel
to which they are secured.
To each end of the cutter thus formed, is then rivetted a tension scrow by
means of which it is drawn up and retained in position on the barrel. Suitably
formed collars are attached to each end of the said barrel through which the
tension screws last referred to are passed and secured by nuts.
The defects arising from the herein,described method of forming and securing
such spiral cutters are, first, that owing to the thinness of the material out of
which they are made, there is very little hold for the rivets employed in attaching
the tension screws thereto, and in consequence they frequently give way.
Secondly, from the same cause, riz. the thinness of the material, there is a want of
rigidity in the cutters when working, especially in the long sizes.
The object of my invention is to obviate these defects which I carry out in the
following manner.
Instead of forming the cutter out of a strip of flat material of uniform thickness
and afterwards bending the same to the required shape, I roll the material of the
required section to form the cutter without bending, such section being thickened
on the inside, at the corner or vertex of the angle. The thickening however
gradually decreases towards the edge of the angle which lays on the cylindrical
shaft or barrel, and it likewise decreases as it approaches the opposite or cutting
edge of the angle so that a portion of the blade of the cutter is left of uniform
thickness to allow of the same being frequently ground.
The increase in the thickness of the section herein described provides sufficient
material out of which to form solid tension screws, this is effected by cutting away
a portion of the blade at each end of the cutter and then forging or swaging the
remaining or thickened portion of the section into the required size to form the
tension screw.
By forming a solid tension screw at each end of a cutter as herein described the
use of rivets is entirely dispensed with, and by employing a heavier or thickened
section of material, a more rigid cutter is obtained.
Dated this 29th day of February 1896.
R. HEBER RADFORD,
Ageut for the Applicant.

page_text: Improvements in Spiral Cutter Blades or Edges for Cropping or
Shearing Machines, such as are Used in the Manufacture of
Textile or other Fabrics.
1, HENRY SMITH, of 103, Artisan View, Heeley, Sheffield, in the County of
York, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Single flanged spiral cutter blades or edges, hereinafter referred to as cutters,
as at present made are formed from flat strips of steel or steel and iron of uniform
thickness. Such strips being cut off to the required length, are bent so that the
steel portion of the strip which forms the cutter, stands at right angles or there-
abouts to the iron portion of the strip which lies on the cylindrical shaft or barrel
to which they are secured.
To each end of the cutter thus formed, is then rivetted a tension screw by means
of which it is drawn up and retained in position on the barrel. Suitably formed
collars are attached to each eud of the said barrel through which the tension
screws last referred to are passed and secured by nuts.
The defects arising from the herein described method of forming and securing
such spiral cutters are, first, that owing to the thinness of the material out of
which they are made there is very little hold for the rivets employed in attaching
the tension screws thereto, and in consequence they frequently give way. Secondly,
from the same cause, viz., the thinness of the material, there is a want of rigidity in
the cutters when working, especially in the fong sizes.
The object of my invention is to obviate these defects which I carry out in the
following manner.
The nature of my invention will be better understood on reference to the
accompanying sheet of drawings in which,
Fig. 1, is a section of the rolled material to form the cutter without bending.
Fig. 2, being a side elevation of the same.
Figs. 3 & 4, are an end view and side clevation of the same, shewing a piece of
the blade of the cutter cut away so that the tension screw may be formed out of the
remaining portion of the section.
Fig. 5, is a plan of the same.
Figs. 6 & 7, shew an end view and elevation after the tension screw has been
formed and screwed.
Fig. 8, being a plan of the same with a nut screwed thereon.
Fig. 9, is a transverse section of a cylindrical or hollow shaft for carrying such
cutters shewing one cutter in position."
Fig. 10, is an elevation at one end of the same shewing the mode in which the
tension screw of the cutter is attached to the collar of the shaft.
The same letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
Instead of forming the cutter out of a strip of flat material of uniform thickness
and afterwards bending the same to the required shape, I roll the material of the
required section, as shewn in Fig. 1, to form the cutter without bending, such
section being thickened on the inside, at the corner or vertex of the angle, a.
The thickening however, gradually decreases towards the edge b of the angle,
which lays on the cylindrical shaft or barrel, h, and it likewise decreases as it
approaches the opposite or cutting edge, c, of the angle so that a portion of the
blade c of the cutter is left of uniform thickness to allow of the same being
frequently ground.

page_text: The increase in the thickness of the section herein described provides sufficient
material out of which to form solid tension screws, f, Figs. 6, 7 & 8, this is effected
by cutting away a portion, d, of the blade, c', Figs. 3, 4 & 5, at each end of tho
cutter and then forging or swaging the remaining or thickened portion, c, of the
section, into the required size to form the tension screw.
By forming a solid tension screw at each end of a cutter as herein described the
use of rivets is entirely dispensed with, and by employing a heavier or thickened
section of material, a more rigid cutter is obtained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In a spiral cutter, rolling the material from which it is made of a special
section, thickened at the angle, a, so as to provide sufficient material out of which
to form solid tension screws,, at each end of the cutters in the manner and for the
purposes substantially as herein described and illustrated on the accompanying
sheet of drawings.
2. In a spiral cutter, rolling the material from which it is made of a special
section, thickened at the angle as described in Claim 1, and also so formed that a
portion of the blade, c', is left of uniform thickness to allow of the same being
frequently ground in the manner and for the purposes substantially as herein
described and illustrated on the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Dated this 30th day of November 1896.
R. HEBER RADFORD,
Agent for the Applicant.