CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CARRIAGES, AND IN THE ENGINES OR MACHINERY TO PROPEL THE SAME. TO BE OPERATED UPON BY STEAM OR OTHER SUITABLE POWER, WHICH ENGINES OR MACHINERY ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1826

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
ANDREWS, of Stanford Rivers, in the County of Essex, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth,
by Ilis Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Twentieth day of December, in the seventh year of His
reign, did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Frederick Andrews, His especial licence that I, the said Frederick
Andrews, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Frederick Andrews, my exors, adñors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and
also in all His Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CARRIAGES, AND IN THE ENGINES
OR MACHINERY TO PROPEL THE SAME. TO BE OPERATED UPON BY STEAM OR OTHER
SUITABLE POWER, WHICH ENGINES OR MACHINERY ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER
PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso obliging me,
the said Frederick Andrews, by an instrumentin writing under my haud and
seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to cause the same to be
enrolled in His said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said recited Letters Patent,

page_text: as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and
at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Frederick Andrews, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention to
consist in passing the axis of the wheels to which the crank movement is fixed
through a chamber made in the boiler for that purpose, whereby I am enabled
to place the boiler much nearer the ground than heretofore; as also in a new
position of the cylinders with reference to the boiler, whereby the vibration
of the boiler and cylinders, when the carriage is in motion, is prevented
from injuriously affecting the stroke of the pistons; and also in a new cou-
struction of fire-place, adapted for the aforesaid position of the boiler; and
lastly in a mode of steering with separate carriage and load. And, in further
compliance with the said proviso, I, the said Frederick Andrews, do hereby
describe the manner in which my said Invention is to be performed, by the
following description thereof, reference being had to the Drawing annexed,
and to the figures and letters marked thereon; that is to say:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 represents a plan of a steam carriage with my said improve-
ments. Q, Q, are the wheels to which the crank movement P, P, is
attached; and it will be seen that the axis passes through a separate chamber
made in the boiler A for that purpose. M, M, are the two cylinders, one
to each crank movement, placed horizontally and over the fore train of the
carriage, and the part dotted in represents part of the frame of the carriage.
As that part of this Figure which I have here described is only intended to
illustrate two of my said improvements, namely, the passing of the shaft
through the chamber in the boiler for that purpose and the relative position of
the cylinders and boiler, I have not thought it necessary to go further into
detail with the parts; but as the remainder of the Figure shows the new mode
of acting upon the carriage by the steering wheel, I will fully describe it as
follows, that is to say :-S is the steering wheel; W, W, are two shafts united
to the steering wheel by the diagonal framing hero shewn, the wheel turning
as usual on a central pivot at O, and guided by the rod T; the shafts W, W,
are attached to the axle of the fore train,and the diagonal framing being loaded,
as will be hereafter shown, the steering wheel offectually guides the carriage.
Figure 2 is a side clevation of the parts described in Fig. 1, as also of the fire-
place or grate, the sides of which are formed of tubes, as will be hereafter
better explained. In this view is also shewn the weight or load placed over
the steering wheel, which is intended to represent an ornamented box or boot

page_text: for luggage. The dotted lines represent the framework, and His the separate
chamber in the boiler for the axis to pass through, as before described, and
which it will be seen by this view is larger than the axis, partly to the admit
of the necessary play of the framework to which the boiler is attached on the
springs which support it, andprincipallytoadmit thecrank to be passed through
it. C, C, are two perpendicular tubes placed at the ends of the boiler, to con-
nect the tubes which form the sides of the boiler with each other and with the
boiler. G is the chimney. Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of the boiler,
shewing the cud pipes C, C, the grate, with the fire in it, under the
bottom of the boiler, and the flue.running through the water in the boiler; as
also the chimney G, and the separate chamber H, for the axis to pass through.
Figure 4 is a section of my improved grate and boiler, showing the munner in
which they are suspended to the framework by the stays or rods L, L, and the
bolts K, K. These stays and bolts unite at e,e, and then pass completely under
the bottom of the boiler. In this view the position of the flue with respect to
the bottom of the boiler is shown. The parts marked B represent a sories of
pipes which form the sides of the fire grate; D being the fire-bars and ash
pit; G, in this Figure, represents the chimney, and U the framework.
Figure 5 is an end elevation of the boiler and chimney, shewing more
clearly how the end pipes C, C, are applied to connect the series of longi-
tudinal pipes together, aud convey water to them from the main boiler.
This Figure also shews the manner of closing up the fire-grate and ash-pit;
G is the chimney, and D the ash-pit under the fire-bars. Figure 6 is a side
elevation of the steam carriage, with my improvement, when fitted up for
the purpose of conveying passengers and luggage, the principal part of
the apparatus being hid by the green casing here shewn; but the plan of
the machinery being determined, the carriage may of course be fitted with
any kind of seats or bodies that the manufacturer may think best.
Now whereas I claim as my Invention the following improvements, that
is to say-1st, the separate chamber in the boiler, herein-before described,
and the banging of the boiler, in manner herein-before described, iu such a
position as to be enabled to pass the axis through it; secondly, the relative
position of the cylinders and boiler, herein-before described; thirdly, the
constructing of a fireplace, with tubes for its sides, and suspending it and
the boiler to the framework, in manner hereiu-before described; and, fourthly
and lastly, the application of the two shafts and steering wheel, in manner
herein-before described, to the fore-train of the carriage, for the purpose of
turning it, and the placing of a weight on the steering wheel, to give it effect,
without letting it bear any of the weight of the machinery or carriage.