Improvements in Metal Rolling Machinery.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Sept., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 8th July, 1892-Accepted, 9th Sept., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Metal Rolling Machinery.
I, EDWARD, KENWORTHY DUTTON of the firm of Dutton & Fulton of
Number 1 St. James' Square, Manchester in the County of Lancaster, Consulting
Engineers and Fellows of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention (communicated to me from abroad by Albert Mathies of
23 Halierstrasse, Hamburg, in the Empire of Germany Manager) to be as
follows:-
:-
The invention relates principally to the rolling of hollow shafts and tubes and
has for its main objects to facilitate the changing of the rolls and mandrel bulbs.
A series of rolls is mounted in each of two carriers which are themselves mounted
within the housings each carrier being arranged to turn upon an axis and having
its carried rolls fitted to revolve upon axes which are concentric with the axis of
the carrier. The rolls are arranged in pairs one roll of each pair being in one
carrier and the other roll in the other carrier. One pair can be quickly changed
for another by rotating the two carriers to the required extent. In place of this
method of changing the rolls the rolls may be brought into position by vertical
movement or by horizontal and vertical movement of frames carrying the rolls the
housings being adapted to receive and carry such frames. The rolls are driven by
means of shafts which are mounted to slide into and out of engagement with the
rolls which are formed with square or polygonal eyes or with suitably shaped eyes
or trunnions to engage with the shafts. The rolls may be changed and the
actuating shafts be shifted to and fro by hydraulic or other power. This arrange-
ment of changeable rolls may be used when rolling other than hollow bodies.
When rolling hollow shafts or tubes by preference a double ended mandrel is used
and is carried so as to be held by both ends and adapted to receive bulbs or swells
which can be quickly changed. The mandrel may be in two parts connected by
the bulb as for example the two parts may have right and left threads to screw
into the bulb or may have interrupted screw threads or locking joints so that the
two parts may be quickly united together with the bulb in place or the mandrel
may be in one piece and have the bulb applied in halves or in parts fitted to be
placed and secured in position or to be slid into position upon dovetail keys or to
lock together or be secured by means of clip rings or otherwise a fixed collar upon
the mandrel furnishing an abutment. One part of the mandrel bears the tension
strain and the other the thrust the latter receiving the ingot or partly rolled shaft
or tube as it passes from the rolls and supporting the ingot so that there is less
tendency for it to bend. By preference a hollow mandrel through which water
can be passed is used. The ingot may be brought up to the rolls by means of
hydraulic rams arranged on each side of the rolls or by means of a double acting
ram on one side connected by rods with a cross-head on the other side the ingot
being pushed to the rolls by the ram and returned by the crosshead or the ingot
may be fed to the rolls by means of carrier rolls revolving on vertical axes and
adapted to be caused to approach each other so as to nip the ingot and feed it
forward to the rolls. Vertically adjustable rollers revolving upon axes which
would be parallel with the mandrel may be used to revolve the ingot shaft or tube
upon the mandrel. The method of connecting and disconnecting the rolls with
and from the actuating shafts may be employed in cases wherein it is desirable to
quickly separate rolls which are not mounted in revoluble carriers as for example

page_text: when it is desirable to shift the mandrel and ingot sideways from one pass or set
of grooves to another.
DL: 011001
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
1, St. James' Square, Manchester.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Metal Rolling Machinery.
1 EDWARD KENWORTHY DUTTON of the firm of E. K. Dutton & Co. of
No. 5 John Dalton Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Consulting
Engineers, and Fellows of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention (communicated to me from abroad by Albert Mathies of
23 Hallerstrasse, Hamburg, in the Empire of Germany, Manager,) and in what
manner. the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying drawings:
The invention relates principally to the rolling of hollow shafts and tubes and
has for its main objects to facilitate the changing of the rolls and mandrel bulbs.
A series of rolls is mounted in each of two carriers which are themselves mounted
within the housings, each carrier being arranged to turn upon an axis and having
its carried rolls fitted to revolve upon axes which are concentric with the axis of
the carrier. The rolls are arranged in pairs, one roll of each pair being in one
carrier, and the other roll in the other carrier. One pair can be quickly changed
for another by rotating the two carriers to the required extent.
In place of this method of changing the rolls, the rolls may be brought into
position by vertical movement or by horizontal and vertical movement of frames
carrying the rolls the housings being adapted to receive and carry such frames.
The rolls are driven by means of shafts which are mounted to slide into and out of
engagement with the rolls which are formed with square or polygonal eyes or with
suitably shaped eyes or trunnions to engage with the shafts. The rolls may be
changed and the actuating shafts be shifted to and fro by hydraulic or other power.
This arrangement of changeable rolls may be used when rolling other than hollow
bodies. When rolling hollow shafts or tubes, by preference a double ended
mandrel is used, and is carried so as to be held by both ends, and adapted to receive
bulbs or swells which can be quickly changed. The ingot is fed to the rolls by
means of hydraulic rams connected by rods with a crosshead, or with crossheads.
The method of connecting and disconnecting the rolls with and from the actuating
shafts may be employed in cases wherein it is desirable to quickly separate rolls
which are not mounted in revoluble carriers-as for example when it is desirable
to shift the mandrel and ingot sideways from one pass or set of grooves to another.
In order that the nature of the invention and the manner in which I
carry the same into practical effect may be clearly understood, I will describe the
invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, of which
propose
to
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation, Fig. 2 a front elevation and Fig. 3 a plan of
a mill constructed in accordance with the invention ordinary parts not necessary to
the sufficient illustration being left out in the drawings.
In the said figs. A. A¹ are the roll carriers bb are the housings and c c are the
rams which withdraw and push forward the roll shafts. Each roll carrier consists
of a frame provided with seatings for six rolls a a¹ and carried by a central
shaft d which is mounted to revolve in bearings, the bearings for the upper carrier
being formed in the upper parts of the housings 6 and for the lower carrier in the
foundation casting e. Each roll is formed with a square eye which is planed or
finished so that a square shaft may slide truly in the eye. The two carriers are
connected together by means of chain gearing f so that when revolved the two

page_text: carriers revolve in unison. The lower carrier is intended to be revolved by means
of bevel gearing a connected with a side shaft g¹ operated by hand or by power."
Any suitable means may be employed to connect together and to revolve the two
carriers. The rolls in the two carriers are arranged in pairs so that any two rolls
which are brought into juxtaposition as in the cases of the lowest roll in A. and
the highest roll in A¹ shall constitute a pair. By rotating the two carriers any
one of the six pairs can be brought into working position. When so brought into
working position the axis of each roll is in line with the axes of two loose
journalsh' which are mounted to revolve in the housings and are formed with
square eyes corresponding with the eyes in the rolls. These journals appear more
plainly in Fig. 4 which represents a horizontal section on the line B B in Fig. 1.
In Fig. 4 h represent the two journals, the journal h being formed as a coupling
to connect with the shaft i which is one of the ordinary coupling shafts of the
train and is connected with the ordinary coupling gearing I. A square shaft ; is
fitted to slide in the eye of the journal the end of the shaft entering and
fitting into the eye of the journal . It will be seen that the shaft passes through
the eye in the roll a' which is the lowest roll in the upper carrier. The shaft j
is coupled to the ram c which slides in the hydraulic ram cylinder of the con-
nection of the shaft with the ram permitting of the rotation of the shaft. By
means of the hydraulic ram the shaft can be drawn entirely out of the eye in the
roll so that the roll carrier can be revolved. There is a corresponding arrange
ment in connection with the rolls in the lower carrier. When the rolls in a pair
have been thus liberated by drawing out the two shafts by the simultaneous action
of the two hydraulic rams the two carriers can be rotated until any two rolls
constituting a pair are brought into working positions. The two shafts are then
pushed in, passing into and through the eyes in the rolls and entering the eyes in
the journals h. The shaft with the two journals and the roll will then revolve
together as if they were one piece the journals revolving in the bearings in the
housings and the shaft serving to connect together the roll and the two journals.
The two rolls in the pair are then revolved by the ordinary train gearing and used
as if housed in the ordinary manner. It will be understood that the rolls in the
carriers have grooves varying in size so that they can be used in succession, the
revolution of the carriers rendering it possible to quickly change the rolls in use.
The number of rolls which the carriers are adapted to hold may be varied and
the eyes and the shaft might be hexagonal or be otherwise than square so long as
the shaft was fitted to transfer motion to the rolls.
The rolls may be raised or lowered or brought into working position otherwise
than by the use of revolving carriers.
The drawings in Sheet 2 illustrate other methods of changing the rolls.
In Figs. 5 and 6 the two rolls in a pair are housed in a frame K which is fitted
to slide vertically in planed ways formed in the housings and this frame is
arranged to be lifted vertically so as to bring the rolls into working position by
means of a hydraulic ram l. The frame is provided with wheels which run upon
rails in a chamber formed below the housings. When the table 4 of the ram is
'dropped to its lowest position the frame K can be run upon the said table and the
ram being then forced up the rolls are raised into working position.
1.
In the example the mill is supposed to be provided with two sets of rolls one
set appearing in working position. Supposing the table to be lowered the frame
which had been in use would be run off to the right hand and the other frame
would be run on to the table and be then lifted into working position.
Fig. 7 illustrates a modification. In this example the frame K in which the
rolls are housed is adapted to be lifted to enable the rolls to be changed and to
be lowered to bring the rolls into working position. The higher position of the
said frame is indicated by dotted lines. The frame is so constructed as that the
rolls can be readily withdrawn and other rolls be caused to take their places.
The rolls might be run upon rails into and out of the frame as indicated at a a.

page_text: The arrangement might be modified by adapting the roll frame or carrier to carry
two or more pairs of rolls mounted in a line one above another the frame being
mounted so that it could be slid vertically to bring either or any pair of rolls into
'working position.
In all of the examples illustrated by the drawings the roll carriers only serve to
sustain the rolls when they are not in use and do not bear any of the working
strain as such strain is transmitted by the shafts j through the journals / h³ to the
ordinary housings.
It might however be considered to be advisable to mount the rolls to revolve
in bearings provided in the movable roll carriers and in such cases the loose
journals revolving in bearings in the ordinary housings might or might not be
dispensed with and also the sliding shafts; might be dispensed with and sliding or
shifting couplings be employed to connect the rolls with the driving shafts.
Such a construction would however necessitate increased strength in the roll
carriers and might be objectionable on account of the difficulty in obtaining
sufficient firmness or steadiness.
The means which I propose to employ for feeding the ingots to the rolls are
indicated in Figs. 1 and 2 and are also illustrated by the detached Figs. 8 and 9.
The ingots are carried or pushed forwaril toward the rolls by means of cross
heads m which are attached to side bars oo or are adapted to be connected with
such bars. The side bars o o are connected with pistons in hydraulic cylinders o¹
whereby the bars can be moved to and fro in an endwise direction. The under-
sides of these bars are notched and pawls p mounted to swivel upon the cross-heads
or upon one of them engage with the said notches as seen in Fig. 8. The pawls
are intended to facilitate the adjustment of the crossheads upon the side bars but
if preferred the crossheads might be keyed or bolted to the side bars. When the
ingot is brought into position to be pushed up to the rolls the bars are set in
motion and acting through the crosshead force the ingot into the pass. The method
of connecting the side bars with the cross-head might be varied as for example a
locking arrangement which would permit the bars to move the cross-head in either
direction when locked or engaged might be employed.
The improvements in connection with the mandrel are illustrated by the drawings
in Sheet 3 wherein represents a double ended mandrel adapted to be held by both
ends In Fig. 10 the mandrel is provided with two bulbs or swells s.. This
mandrel may be used in connection with two trains of rolls the tube or shaft
represented by passing from one train to the other whereby two reductions may
be effected during one pass. When used with a single train as indicated in the
fig. the mandrel would be shifted endwise in the indicated direction after the first
pass so as to bring the bulb s' into position between the rolls for a second pass.
The bulbs may be in place at the commencement of the first pass or be applied
during or after the first pass and the bulb might be removed for the second
pass. The mandrel is formed in three parts which are connected together by means
of the bulbs, the ends of the mandrel sections being screwed into the bulbs, by means
of ordinary screw threads or by the means which will be described when referring to
Figs. 12 and 13. Figs. 11 to 16 illustrate variations in the method of connecting the
bulb with the mandrel. In Fig. 11 the mandrel is formed of two pieces united by a
collar piece and the bulb is formed to be slipped on at either end of the
mandrel and to be slid along until it would bear against the central collar
which would act as an abutment for the bulb. A conical ended tube-supporting
carriage u is mounted to slide in planed ways and surrounds the mandrel. To
facilitate the removal of the mandrel the upper part of the said carriage is made
removable. Fig. 14 represents an end view of the carriage and shows how the
upper part may be secured to the lower part by means of a dovetail. joint. Stud-
pins or other means may be employed to connect together the two parts. When
the reduced shaft or tube and t is passed forward by the rolls the coned front of
he carriage supports the tube end the carriage sliding along as the tube advances.

page_text: The mandrel might be made in one piece and be formed with a central collar. In
Figs. 12 and 15 the mandrel is formed in two parts united by the bulb similarly.
to the mandrel in Fig. 10, but in Figs. 12 and 15 the screw threads are interrupted
by longitudinal grooves similarly to the breach part of a gun in order that the
parts may be capable of being quickly united. In Figs. 13 and 16 the mandrel
is formed in one piece with a collar against which the bulb abuts, but in this
example the bulb is formed in two halves s¹ and . Each half bulb is fitted to
slide in place upon a dovetail key the two keys being formed upon the shaft on
opposite sides as seen in Fig. 16. When the bulb would be slid away from the
abutment collar the two halves would become detached as soon as they would
clear the ends of the keys. This method greatly facilitates the changing of the
bulbs as it is not necessary to detach the mandrel from the dogs or holding
supports. In the example the mandrel is provided with a second bulb the
intention being that the additional bulb shall be brought into use when the rolls
are reversed so that the tube or shaft being rolled can be passed back again
through the rolls which might be changed for the back pass. When either bulb
is in use the other bulb acts as a support for the tube end and recedes along the
mandrel as in the case of the carriage u. Any of the methods of applying the
bulbs may be used in cases wherein the mandrel is employed in the manner
described when referring to Fig. 1. The half sections of the bulbs may be adapted
to lock together or to be secured together by means of a clip ring slipping over
the small ends of the bulbs or by other suitable means. In all the examples the
mandrel is intended to be held by both ends so that the body being rolled may if
desirable be passed in both directions through the rolls.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
.1. The use in metal rolling mills of revoluble roll carriers each adapted to hold
two or more rolls which can be separately brought into position by turning the
carriers upon their axes.
4
2. The use in rolling mills of roll carriers each adapted to hold a pair of rolls
or more than one pair in combination with hydraulic rams or other means for
raising or lowering the carriers to bring rolls into position in the housings and
with means for coupling up the rolls with the driving gear substantially as set
forth.
3. The methods of and means for effecting the changing of the rolls in rolling
mills substantially as hereinbefore set forth with reference to Figs. 1 to 7 both
inclusive of the attached drawings.
4. A roll for rolling metal formed with a square or suitably shaped eye in
combination with a shaft fitted to slide into such eye and to connect the roll with
the driving gear substantially as set forth and indicated.
5. The combination of the roll a the journals h h¹ the shaft ; and the hydraulic
ram c substantially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated.
6. The side bars o the hydraulic cylinders o' and the cross-heads m substantially
as and for the purpose set forth and indicated.
7. The combination of parts for use in the rolling of tubes or hollow shafts
substantially as set forth with reference to the drawings in Sheet 3 attached
hereto.
8. For use in the rolling of tubes or hollow shafts a mandral adapted to be held
fast by both ends and having a bulb at one or more points in its length.
9. For use in the rolling of tubes or hollow shafts a double ended mandrel held
by both ends and having a bulb at or near the centre of its length substantially
as set forth and indicated.
10. The mandrel formed or provided with a collar in combination with a bulb
or with bulbs formed in halves and sliding into position upon dovetail keys upon
the mandrel for the purpose set forth.

page_text: 11. The combination of parts constituting part of a train for rolling tubes or
hollow shafts substantially as set forth and indicated by the attached drawings.
Dated thie 7th dex of Tule 1892
EDWARD K. DUTTON,
5, John Dalton Street, Manchester.