Improvements in Boilers.
Year: 1894

page_text: 7
Date of Application, 3rd Nov., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 13th July, 1895-Accepted, 17th Aug., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Boilers.
I, WILHELM SCHMIDT, of Wilhelmshöhe near Cassel, Villa Henkel, in the
Province of Hesse-Nassau, German Empire, Civil Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention refers to steam-boilers, in which the boiler proper is combined
with a superheater; my improvements in steam-boilers of that kind relate to the
combination with said boiler and superheater, of a feed-water heater, and of a
regulator for the furnace-gases; the purposes of my improvements are, first to
control the degree of superheating by means of said regulator as well as by means
of said feed-water heater; second, to prevent the superheater from being subjected
to the furnace-gases before steam can flow through the same; and third, to exhaust
the furnace-gases to the highest possible degree, as will all be more fully described
hereinafter.
In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawing,
in which similar letters denote similar parts throughout the different figures and in
which:
Fig. 1 shows a vertical section through a steam-boiler provided with a super-
heater, a feed-water heater, and a regulator according to my invention;
Fig. 2 shows a slightly modified form of construction.
Referring to Fig. 1, a designates the boiler proper, 6 the furnace, c the passage
for the furnace-gases, d a flue arranged centrally above passage c, and e a casing
held by boiler a.
The superheater which consists of a column of flat horizontal coils is arranged
within the annular space between flued and casing e, and communicates with
boiler a by the bent pipe f. The steam thus flows through the coils f in a direction
equal to that of the furnace, so that the wet steam on being acted on by the hottest
gases of the furnace is first dried, and is thereafter superheated. The superheated
steam escapes at f³.
The feed-water heater consists likewise of a column of flat horizontal coils,
and is arranged above the superheater within the annular space between tube d and
casing e. The feed-water enters the coils g at the upper end of the latter, and
flows to the boiler a through the connecting-pipe g. It will be seen, that the
feed-water, in contrary to the steam, flows in a direction opposite to that of the
furnace-gases; the latter are thus acting first on that part of the feed-water which
has already been heated, whilst the cold water is subjected to those gases which
are nearly wholly exhausted.
A small space is left between the superheater and the feed-water heater, and
at that place the tube is provided with a number of apertures d'. Said apertures
may be closed by a circular slide h which is connected with a lever i by means of
a rod k.
The latter has a collar k by means of which may be raised the
lid that is closing the upper end of flue d. It will be seen, that lid / can be
raised only after the apertures d' have been freed from slide h. This arrangement
now works as follows:
Supposed, all parts be in the position shown in the drawing, and the boiler be
fully at work, the steam flowing through the superheater will be dried and super-
heated by the furnace-gases that pass through the annular space between flue d'and
casing e. The furnace-gases are hindered from escaping through flue d directly
to the chimney m, as lidl as well as the apertures d' are closed.

page_text: If now from any cause the superheating of the steam becomes too strong, the
slide h is raised by means of leveri, so that the apertures d' become free of said slide.
The furnace gases instead of passing through the space containing the super-
heater will then pass through the lower half of flue d and will flow from thence
through the apertures d to and through the space containing the feed-water heater,
so that the heating of the feed water is increased, the superheating of the steam
however decreased.
As a matter of course, the superheater need not wholly be deprived of the action
of the heat, but only as much as necessary to reduce the superheating to its
normal degree. The slide h therefore is raised only as little as necessary to obtain
that result. It will be seen that the action of the furnace. gases upon the super-
heater and the feed water heater may be regulated in any required degree by
correspondingly adjusting the said slide.h.
If the furnace gases shall be hindered to act even on the feed water, lever i is
raised still more, so that lid is lifted by means of the collar of rod k. Nearly
the whole amount of the furnace gases is passing then straightway through the
ceutral flued and up into the chimney m, so that during that time there is
practically neither a beating of the feed water nor a superheating of the steam. It
will be seen, that also in this case the lid may be raised but very little at first,
so that part of the furnace-gases is escaping directly into the chimney, and part
of the same on the by-way through the space containing the feed-water heater.
When the fuel in the furnace has anew been kindled, the position of the lid is
that as last described, .e. the lid is fully raised so that the gases coming from
furnace b may freely escape into the chimney without being able to act on the two
columns of the pipes f' and 'g. This is of great importance, in that, as there is no
steam yet within he superheater, the latter is perfectly prevented from becoming
glowing. As soon, however, as the tension of the steam has reached the required
strength for the respective engine, communication (which has been interrupted up
to then) between the boiler proper and the superheater is established, so that the
latter becomes filled with steam and the lid and slide is lowered down to the
position shown in the drawing, when the whole apparatus will commence to work
as described.
In some cases, I prefer to combine with the feed water-heater that is arranged
above the superheater another feed-water-heater, which I arrange below the
superheater, i.e. between the superheater and the boiler proper, as shown in Fig. 2.
This second superheater g¹ is connected with the first by the pipe.o and with the
boiler a by the pipe 9. This connection is made in such a manner, that the feed-
water flowing through the second heater moves in a direction equal to that of the
furnace-gases, whilst the water flowing through the upper feed-water-heater moves
in a direction opposite to the furnace gases, just so as described with regard to
Fig. 1.
Slide is in this mode of construction arranged not within the central flue d,
but below the same in such a manner, that, if in normal position, slide prevents
the furnace gases from acting on the lower superheater g', but allows the same
freely to act upon the two other columns or coils fand.g. If now from any cause,
a diminution of the superheating becomes necessary, slide his more or less raised
by means of rod kandilever i, so that a part of the furnace-gases, or the whole of
the same, is compelled to flow through the space containing the lower feed water
heater; the heat of the gases acting on the superheater is thus reduced as is also
the degree of superheating. If the fire-gases are to pass directly into the chimney,
lid is lifted by collar of rod k, when the three columns g₁f and will be
practically free from any influence of the hot gases.
Dated this 3rd day of November 1894.
9

page_text: Improvements in Boilers.
I, WILHELM SCHMIDT, of Ballenstedt, in the Duchy of Anhalt, German
Empire, late of Wilhelmshöhe, near Cassel, Villa Henkel, Hesse Nassau, German
Empire, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention refers to steam-boilers, in which the boiler proper is combined
with a superheater; my improvements in steam-boilers of that kind relate to the
combination with said boiler and superheater, of a feed-water heater, and of a
regulator for the furnace-gases; the purposes of my improvements are, first, to
control the degree of superheating by means of said regulator as well as by means
of said feed-water heater; second, to prevent the superheater from being subjected
to the furnace-gases before steam can flow through the same; and, third, to exhaust
the furnace-gases to the highest possible degree, as will all be more fully described
hereinafter.
I refer to the drawing sent in with Provisional Application, in which similar.
letters denote similar parts throughout the different figures and in which:
Fig. 1 shows a vertical section through a steam-boiler provided with a super-
heater, a feed-water heater, and a regulator according to my invention;
Fig. 2 shows a slightly modified form of construction.
Referring to Fig. 1, a designates the boiler proper, b the furnace, c the passage
for the furnace-gases, d a flue arrauged centrally above passage c, and e a casing
held by boiler a.
The superheater f which consists of a column of flat horizontal coils is arranged
within the annular space between flue d and casing e, and communicates with
boiler a by the bent pipe 7. The steam thus flows through the coils in a
direction equal to that of the furnace, so that the wet steam on being acted on by
the hottest gases of the furnace is first dried, and is thereafter superheated. The
superheated steam escapes at f
The feed-water heater g consists likewise of a column of fat horizontal coils, and
is arranged above the superheater within the annular space between tube d and
casing e. The feed-water enters the coils 9 at the upper end g of the latter,
and flows to the boiler a through the connecting-pipe go. It will be seen, that the
feed-water, in contrary to the steam, flows in a direction opposite to that of the
furnace-gases; the latter act thus first on that part of the feed-water which has
already been heated, whilst the cold water is subjected to those gases which are
nearly wholly exhausted.
A small sp
space is left between the superheater and the feed-water heater, and at
that plate the tube d is provided with a number of apertures d. Said apertures
may be closed by a circular slide h which is connected with a lever i by means of
a rod k. The latter has a collar ki by means of which may be raised the lid / that
closes the upper end of flue d. It will be seen, that lid can be raised only after
the apertures d' have been freed from slide h. This arrangement works as
follows:
Supposed, all parts be in the position shown in the drawing, and the boiler be
fully at work, the steam flowing through the supertieater will be dried and super-
heated by the furnace-gases that pass through the annular space between flue d
and casing e.
The furnace-gases are hindered from escaping through flue d
directly to the chimney m, as lid l as well as the apertures are closed.
If now from any cause the superheating of the steam becomes too strong, the

page_text: She is raised by means of lever, so that the apertures t' become free of said
slide.
The furnace-gases instead of passing through the space containing the super-
heater will then pass through the lower half of flue d, and will flow from thence
through the apertures to and through the space containing the feed-water
heater, so that the heating of the feed-water is increased, the superheating of the
steam however decreased.
As a matter of course, the superheater need not wholly be deprived of the action
of the heat, but only as much as necessary to reduce the superheating to its normal
degree. The slide therefore is raised only as little as necessary to obtain that
result. It will be seen, that the action of the furnace-gases upon the superheater
and the feed-water heater may be regulated in any required degree by
correspondingly adjusting the said slide h.
If the furnace-gases shall be hindered to act even on the feed water, lever i is
raised still more, so that lid is lifted by means of the collar k¹ of rod k. Nearly
the whole amount of the furnace-gases is passing then straightway through the
central flue d, and up into the chimney m, so that during that time there is
practically neither a heating of the feed water nor a superheating of the steam.
It will be seen, that also in this case the lid I may be raised but very little at first,
so that part of the furnace-gases is escaping directly into the chimney, and part of
the same on the by-way through the space containing the feed-water heater.
When the fuel in the furnace has anew been kindled, the position of the lid is
that as last described, i.e. the lid is fully raised so that the gases coming from
furnace b may freely escape into the chimney without being able to act on the two
columns of the pipes fand g. This is of great importance, in that, as there is no
steam yet within the superheater, the latter is perfectly prevented from becoming
glowing. As soon, however, as the tension of the. steam has reached the required
strength for the respective engine, communication (which has been interrupted up
to then) between the boiler proper and the superheater is established, so that the
latter becomes filled with steam, and the lid and slide is lowered down to the
position shown in the drawing, when the whole apparatus will commence to work
as described.
In some cases, I prefer to combine with the feed water-heater, that is arranged
above the superheater, another feed-water-heater, which I arrange below the
superheater, i.e. between the superheater and the boiler proper, as shown in Fig. 2.
This second superheater g¹ is connected with the first by the pipe 9, and with the
boilera by the pipe . This connection is made in such a manner, that the feed-
water flowing through the second heater moves in a direction equal to that of the
furnace-gases, whilst the water flowing through the upper feed-water-heater moves
in a direction opposite to the furnace-gases just so as described with regard to
Fig. 1.
Slide is in this mode of construction arranged not within the central flue d,
but below the same in such a manner, that, if it is in norinal position, slide
prevents the furnace-gases from acting on the lower superheater g', but allows the
same freely to act upon the two other columns or coils and g. If now from any
cause, a diminution of the superheating becomes necessary, slide h is more or less
raised by means of rod k and lever i, so that a part of the furnace-gases, or the
whole of the same, is compelled to flow through the space containing the lower feed-
water-heater; the heat of the gases acting on the superheater is thus reduced, as
is also the degree of superheating. If the fire-gases are to pass directly into the
chimney, lid is lifted by collar k¹ of rod k, when the three columns gf and g
will be practically free from any influence of the hot gases.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :--
1. In a steam-boiler, the combination with a tubulous superheater, of a tubulous

page_text: feed-water-heater, a fue adapted to divert the furnace-gases from their way around
said superheater, a valve adapted to co-operate for that purpose with said flue,
substantially as described.
2. In a steam-boiler, the combination with a tubulous superheater, of a tubulous.
feed-water-beater, a flue adapted to divert the furnace-gases from their way around
said superheater, a valve adapted to co-operate for that purpose with said flue ;
one part of said feed-water-heater being arranged above the said superheater, the-
other below the same, substantially as described.
3. In a steam-boiler, the combination with a tubulous superheater; of a tubulous
feed-water-heater, a fine adapted to divert the furnace-gases from their way
around said superheater, a valve adapted to co-operate for that purpose with said
flue; one part of said feed-water-heater being arranged above the said superheater,
the other below the same; the lower end of the lower feed-water-heater being
connected with the lower end of the upper feed-water-heater, the upper end of
the lower feed-water-heater being connected with the boiler, substantially as
described.
4. In a steam-boiler, the combination with a tubulous superheater, of a tubulous
feed-water-heater arranged co-axially with the same; a flue arranged centrally
within said superheater and said feed-water-heater and adapted to divert a part of
the furnace-gases from the said superheater to the said feed-water-heater; a valve
arranged within said flue between the superheater and the feed-water-heater, and
adapted to co-operate for the above named purpose with the said flue, substantially
as described.
5. In a steam-boiler, the combination with the tubulous superheater, of a.
tubulous feed-water-heater arranged co-axially with the same, one part of said
feed-water-heater being arranged above, the other below said superheater, a flue
arranged centrally within the latter and the said feed-water-heater, and adapted
to divert a part of the furnace-gases from the said superheater to the feed-water-
heater; a valve arranged within said flue between the superheater and the lower
part of the feed-water-heater and adapted to co-operate for the above named
purpose with the said flue, substantially as described."
6. In a steam-boiler, the combination with a tubulous superheater, of a tubulous.
feed-water-heater, a flue adapted to divert the furnace-gases from their way around
said superheater, two superposed valves adapted to co-operate for that purpose with
said flue, substantially as described.
7. In a steain-boiler, the combination with a tubulous superheater, of a tubulous
feed-water-heater, a flue adapted to divert the furnace-gases from their way around
said superheater, two superposed valves adapted to co-operate for that purpose-
with said flue; one part of said feed-water-heater being arranged above the said
superheater, the other below the same, substantially as described.
8. In a steam-boiler, the combination with a tubulous superheater, of a tubulous
feed-water-heater, a flue adapted to divert the furnace-gases from their way around
said superheater, two superposed valves adapted to co-operate for that purpose with
said flue, one part of said feed-water-heater being arranged above the said
superheater, the other below the same; the lower end of the lower feed-water-
heater being connected with the lower end of the upper feed-water-heater, the
upper end of the lower feed-water-heater being connected with the boiler,.
substantially as described.
9. In a steam-boiler, the combination with a tubulous superheater, of a tubulous
feed-water-heater, a flue adapted to divert the furnace-gases from their way around
said superheater, two superposed valves adapted to co-operate for that purpose with
said flue, the upper of said valves being adapted to close the said flue, the lower
to be operated independent of the upper, substantially as described.
10. In a steam-boiler, the combination with a tubulous superheater, of a tubulous
feed-water-heater, a flue adapted to divert the furnace-gases from their way around
said superheater, two superposed valves adapted to co-operate for that purpose with
said flue, the upper of said valves being adapted to close the said flue, the lower-

page_text: to be operated independent of the upper; one part of said feed-water-heater being
arranged above the said superheater, the other below the same, substantially as
described.
11. In a steam-boiler, the combination with a tubulous superheater, of a tubulous
feed-water-heater, a flue adapted to divert the furnace-gases from their way around
said superheater, two superposed valves adapted to co-operate for that purpose with
said flue, the upper of said valves being adapted to close the said flue, the lower
to be operated independent of the upper; one part of said feed-water-heater being
arranged above the said superheater, the other below the same; the lower end of
the lower feed-water-heater being connected with the lower end of the upper feed-
water-heater, the upper end of the lower feed-water-heater being connected with
the boiler, substantially as described.
12. In a steam-boiler, the combination with a tubulous superheater, of a tubulous
feed-water-heater, a flue adapted to divert the furnace-gases from their way around
said superheater, two superposed valves adapted to co-operate for that purpose with
said flue, the lower of said valves being connected to a rod extending loosely
through the upper valve, said rod having a collar adapted to act on said upper
valve after the lower one has been acted on, substantially as described.
13. In a steam-boiler, the combination with a tubulous superheater, of a tubulous
feed-water-heater, a flue adapted to divert the furnace-gases from their way around
said superheater, two superposed valves adapted to co-operate for that purpose with
said flue, the lower of said valves being connected to a rod extending loosely
through the upper valve said rod having an adapted collar to act on said upper
valve after the lower one has been acted on, one part of said feed-water-heater being
arranged above the said superheater, the other below the same, substantially as
described.
14. In a steam-boiler, the combination with a tubulous superheater, of a tubulous
feed-water-heater, a flue adapted to divert the furnace-gases from their way around
said superheater, two superposed valves adapted to co-operate for that purpose with
said flue, the lower of said valves being connected to a rod extending loosely
through the upper valve, said rod having a collar adapted to act on said upper
valve after the lower one has been acted on; one part of said feed-water-heater
being arranged above the said superheater, the other below the same; the lower
end of the lower feed-water-heater being connected with the lower end of the
upper feed-water-heater, the upper end of the lower feed-water-heater being
connected with the boiler, substantially as described.
15
1200 way of ly 1
WILHELM SCHMIDT,
By Geo. Thos. Hyde,
1 Broad Street Buildings, London, E.C., Agent for the Applicant.