NEW-INVENTED IRON TIER FOR ALL SORTS OF WHEEL CARRIAGES, WHEREBY THE WHEELS WILL BE MUCH STRENGTHENED, AND THEREBY RENDERED MORE DURABLE, THAN BY ANY TIER HERETOFORE MADE OR NOW IN USE FOR WHEEL CARRIAGES, AND WHEREBY THE HIGHWAYS AND ROADS WILL BE GREATLY PRESERVED, AND ALSO MEADOWS AND OTHER LANDS AND OTHER GROUNDS SAVED FROM RUTTING OR BEING CUTT BY THE WHEELS OF SUCH CARRIAGES, AND WHEREBY THE HORSES AND OTHER CATTLE DRAWING SUCH CARRIAGES WILL BE EASED OF THEIR DRAUGHT, AND THE WHEELS GREATLY PREVENTED OF THROUGHING UP DIRT AND SOIL AGAINST THE CARRIAGES
Year: 1787

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
BRODIE, of Carey Street, in the Liberty of the Rolls and County of Middlesex,
Smith and Iron Founder, sendeth greeting.
WHEREAS His most Sacred Majesty King George the Third, by His Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster,
the Eighth day of May, in the twenty-seventh year of His reign, did grant unto
me, the said Alexander Brodie, my executors, administrators, and assigns, special
license that I, the said Alexander Brodie, iny executors, administrators, and
assigns, during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England and Wales and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, my "NEW-INVENTED IRON TIER FOR ALL SORTS OF WHEEL
CARRIAGES, WHEREBY THE WHEELS WILL BE MUCH STRENGTHENED, AND THEREBY
RENDERED MORE DURABLE, THAN BY ANY TIER HERETOFORE MADE OR NOW IN USE FOR
WHEEL CARRIAGES, AND WHEREBY THE HIGHWAYS AND ROADS WILL BE GREATLY
PRESERVED, AND ALSO MEADOWS AND OTHER LANDS AND OTHER GROUNDS SAVED FROM
RUTTING OR BEING CUTT BY THE WHEELS OF SUCH CARRIAGES, AND WHEREBY THE
HORSES AND OTHER CATTLE DRAWING SUCH CARRIAGES WILL BE EASED OF THEIR
DRAUGHT, AND THE WHEELS GREATLY PREVENTED OF THROUGHING UP DIRT AND SOIL
AGAINST THE CARRIAGES;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a
provisoe that if I, the said Alexander Brodie, should not particularly de-
scribe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of

page_text: Chancery within one calendar month next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent should determine
and be void, as by the said Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, may
more fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Brodie, in compliance with
and in pursuance of the said provisoe in the said in part recited Letters
contained, by this Instrument in writing under my hand and seal, do ascertain
and more particularly describe the nature of my said Invention in the said
Letters Patent mentioned, and declare the same to be in manner and form
following, that is to say:-
I cast and make, or cause to be cast and made, my said iron tier either
immediately from melted ironstone or melted cast iron, or from wrought or
hammered iron, as herein-after mentioned.
And, first, as to such as I cast, or cause to be cast, immediately from the
melted ironstone or cast iron, I make, or cause to be made, of wood, or of
iron, or other metal, the patterns of the tire, as laid down in the Plan
or Drawing thereof hereunto annexed, and herein-after more particularly
described; varying such patterns only as to the width, length, and strength,
so as to be suitable for the rim of the wheels as they differ in thickness,
breadth, heighth, or number of spokes therein; and from such patterns I make
spokes, or cause the same to be made, and therein cast, or cause to be cast, the
last-mentioned tier. The inside of the said tier next the wheel being nearly
flat, with a rim or ledge on each side, of a depth and thickness suitable to the size
and thickness of the wheel, and rounded off on the outside at the edge, over
the rim, with a gentle rising from such rounding towards the middle or square,
inside and outside, as by the Plans or Drawings thereof, hereunto annexed,
more particularly appears.
And as to my said tier, made of wrought or hammered iron, I first make, or
cause to be made, the mould or pattern for the said tier in two iron rollers,
agreable to the Plans or Drawings thereof hereunto annexed, and herein-before
and herein-after more particularly described. I then cut or cause wrought
iron to be cut in proper lengths, and heated in a forge or furnace, and then
put in between the said two iron rollers and pressed untill untill the same shall
be formed agreable to the last-mentioned moulds or patterns. There are holes
in my said tier for fixing or fastening on the same, but not near so many as in
common tier, by reason that the rims of my said tier serves to fasten the same
in part, as well as greatly to strengthen the wheel. My said tier may be fixed
or fastened on with nails, rivets, or screws. The holes for fixing on my cast
tier are cast therein, and the holes in the worked iron tier are drilled, or rolled

page_text: in, or punched out, in fixing on my said tier after the rim of the wheel is fitted,
as near as possible to the tier. The tier is then heated a black red and put on
the wheel, and then pressed thereto with two or three cramps untill it is well
beded. In performing thereof, great care must be taken that it be not put on
too hot, or cooled too hastily.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Brodie, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Thirty-first day of May, in the twenty-seventh
year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the
grace of God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender
of the Faith, and so forth, and in the year of our Lord One thousand
seven hundred and eighty-seven.
ARE
VEMEMBERED, that on the Thirty-first day of May, in the
year last above mentioned, the said Alexander Brodie came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form last above
mentioned. And also the Specification aforesaid was duly stampt according to
the tenure of the Statute in that case made and provided.
Inrolled the Second day of Tune in the woon last clove