A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CARDING ENGINES USED FOR CARDING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Ogden, of Oldham, in the County
Lancaster, Manufacturer, for the Invention of " A CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CARDING ENGINES
USED FOR CARDING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL."
Sealed the 22nd July 1858, and dated the 14th April 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Ogden at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 14th April 1853.
I, WILLIAM OGDEN, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT OR IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CARDING
ENGINES USED FOR CARDING COTTON, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL,"
to be as follows:-
The nature of my Invention for a certain improvement or improve-
ments applicable to carding engines used for carding cotton, wool, and
other fibrous material, to consist in causing a current of air to carry off
the fly or small waste, produced in the process of carding. And the
manner in which such Invention is performed and carried into effect

page_text: is by the adaptation of a fan, or other means of causing partial
exhaustion, to one or more carding engines, so as to produce a current
of air through the receptacle into which the fly or small waste is
received from the engine.
This fly or small waste is ultimately received into a cage, whence
the air escapes, and the fly or small waste remains much improved in
itself, and carried away quite clear of the machinery, which it had
heretofore injured.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Ogden, in the Great Seal Patent
Office, on the 18th October 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
WILLIAM OGDEN, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said William Ogden, Her especial licence that I,
the said William Ogden, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said William Ogden, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
'United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT OR IM-
"PROVEMENTS APPLICABLE TO CARDING ENGINES USED FOR CARDING COTTON,
WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Ogden, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was

page_text: to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that, in compliance with the said proviso, I, the
said William Ogden, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention of.
"A certain Improvement or Improvements applicable to Carding
Engines used for Carding Cotton, Wool, an other Fibrous Material,"
to consist in the arrangement and adaptation of certain app ratus, by
which a current of air is caused to circulate over the working surface.
of the carding engine, so as to carry off the fly or small waste pro-
duced in the process of carding, and thereby obviate the annoyance of
such fly or small waste floating in the atmosphere of the card room;
as heretofore; and the manner in which the same is to be performed
and carried into effect will be seen by reference to the annexed.
drawing, and the following description. The scale to which the
annexed drawing is made is marked thereon, and the same letter of
reference indicates the same part throughout.
In the annexed drawing, Figure 1, represents a transverse section of
one description of carding engine; and Figure 2, a front elevation of two
of a range of similar engines, as they are generally placed in the card
room. The floor of the card room is represented at a, a; the main
cylinder of the carding engine at A; the doffer cylinder at B; and the lap
of cotton at C. Under each carding engine is placed a casing b, b, con-
structed of tin, zinc, or other suitable material, and connected with a flue
or pipe D, placed under the floor of the card room, and in the same line
as the row of carding engines (see Figure 2). This arrangement
implies a ground floor, but on wood floors it will be necessary to place
the flue or pipe D, at the back of the carding engines. On the flue
or pipe D, is placed an ordinary fan E, which is driven from any.
convenient part of the shafting of the mill. Referring to Figure 2,
it will be seen that the flue or pipe D, terminates at d, in a large wire
cage or other perforated material F; and this completes one arrange-
ment or adaptation of my Invention. Supposing therefore the carding
process to be in operation, and the fan E, in motion in the direction

page_text: of the bent arrow marked thereon, it is obvious that a partial vacuum
will be produced in that part of the flue or pipe D, with which the
carding engines are connected, and the current of air which necessarily
flows into each casing 6, 6, carries off the fly or small waste produced
by the carding engine, to which it is attached in the direction of the
arrows marked in the flue or pipe D, thereby allowing the machinery
to perform its work with less power, less cleaning and oiling, producing
less sweepings, and materially reducing the risk of fire. This fly or
small waste, passing through the fan E, is finally deposited in the
cage F, which retains the fly or small waste at the same time that it
allows the air and dust to escape. Thus the application of my Inven-
tion not only frees the card room of all floating waste, so injurious to
the health of the operatives, but at the same time frees the journals
and working parts of the carding engines or other machinery in the
same room of dirt, and also greatly improves the quality of the waste
deposited in the cage F, by freeing it of dust and dirt, which it
accumulates in the ordinary carding process, and also producing a
better quality of yarn from the same material, by drawing away the
loose short fibre which the cards cannot act on properly. This short
fibre comes through the engine in the ordinary process on the surface of
the web, and gives the yarn an ouzey and unfinished appearance.
The arrangement and adaptation of certain apparatus which I have
described, is such as I have used in carding low qualities of cotton;
but it is obvious that such arrangement may be varied to suit various
materials, as well as the peculiar locality or position to which my Inven-
tion has to be applied; and in some cases a small fan may be applied
to each carding engine, as indicated in red lines at G, Figure 1. But
these and other modifications of my Invention are well known to
mechanics and parties fit to be entrusted with work of this nature.
And I do not claim as my Invention any separate or well known part
of the machinery used for carrying out such Invention as described; but
I do claim the arrangement and adaptation of a fan, or other exhausting
machine, to carding engines, as herein-before described. And such
Invention being, to the best of my knowledge, new, and never before

page_text: practiced, I deliver this as my true and faithful Specification of the
same.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Ogden, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of October, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
Witness, WILLIAM NICHOLSON,
Engineer, Manchester.
WILLIAM OGDEN. (L.S.)