IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO STEAM GENERATORS CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR UTILIZING PROAL GENERATORS DESIGNED LIKE." FOR UTILIZING THE WASTE HEAT OF COKE OVENS OR THE
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Courtenay Kingsford, of Upper Clapton, in the County
of Middlesex, Manufacturing Chemist, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND RELATING TO STEAM GENERATORS CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR UTILIZING
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Courtenay Kingsford at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th March 1882.
COURTENAY KINGSFORD of Upper Clapton in the County of Middlesex,
Manufacturing Chemist. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO STEAM GENERATORS
CHIEFLY DESIGNED
LIKE."
FOR UTILIZING THE WASTE HEAT OF COKE OVENS OR THE
The object of my invention is to provide efficient and convenient apparatus for
utilizing the waste heat (arising from the combustion of fuel in coke ovens and
other furnaces) for the generation of steam for motive power or other purposes.
My said Invention affords the means whereby manufacturers and others in
whose factories the heat generated in various operations is now permitted to
escape without serving any useful purpose, may make this heat serve for generating
steam to drive engines, to heat water or other liquids, or for other purposes so that
the expense of generating heat especially for such purposes may be entirely
avoided.
I carry my invention into practice in connection with a coke oven in the
following manner, that is to say;-I construct a steam generator or boiler with
two three or more cylindrical chambers or compartments of any required length
and diameter and provided with flue tubes extending longitudinally through the
These cylindrical vessels or compartments which form the water chambers
or spaces of the generator are connected by suitable pipes with another cylindrical
vessel which forms the steam-chamber and which is arranged above and parallel
to the said water-chambers. The entire generator is enclosed within the oven or
furnace in which the fuel is burned in the production of the coke or in other
same.

page_text: operations. The fuel is burned on the bed or bottom of the oven or furnace. I
prefer to arrange the flues and spaces so that the heat will pass forward through
one or more of the said flue-tubes and return through the other or others of such
tubes and will also act all around the exterior of the said chambers.
One peculiar feature of my invention consists in a series of apertures which
connect the aforesaid flue tube with the space outside of and surrounding the
cylindrical vessel or water chamber of the generator or boiler. The object of
providing these apertures is to increase the effect of the heat by admitting it into
the flue tube by these apertures as well as at the end of the flue-tube, the said
apertures being arranged at such distances apart as will be most advantageous for
this purpose.
Each aperture is surrounded with a flanged ring rivetted to the
flue-tube and to the outer shell of the cylindrical chamber. These apertures may
be arranged at the bottom or at the sides or at both the bottom and sides of the
said water-chamber.
The steam-generator above described is constructed entirely of boiler plates but
in some instances I may modify my invention by constructing the said water-
chambers partially or entirely of tubes such as those used in locomotive or marine
engine boilers. I prefer to arrange and unite these tubes in close proximity to
each other so that the central space enclosed by the series of tubes will serve as a
flue through which the heat will pass as above described. The ends of the tubes
are tightly secured in chambers or compartments which permit a free circulation
of the water through the series of tubes. And these chambers are connected by
suitable pipes with the steam-chamber.
It is obvious that my improved steam generators may be made of any required
dimensions and capacity according to the particular purposes for which they are to
be used.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Courtenay Kingsford in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
6th September 1882.
COURTENAY KINGSFORD of Upper Clapton, in the County of Middlesex,
Manufacturing Chemist "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO STEAM GENERATORS,
CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR UTILIZING THE WASTE HEAT OF COKE OVENS OR THE
LIKE
"
The object of my invention is to provide efficient and convenient apparatus for
utilizing the waste heat arising from the combustion of fuel (in coke ovens and
other furnaces) for the generation of steam for motive power or other purposes;
and the said invention is designed to afford the means whereby manufacturers and
others, in whose factories the heat generated in various operations is now permitted
to escape without serving any useful purpose, may make this heat serve for
generating steam to drive engines, to heat water or other liquids, or for other
purposes, so that the expense of generating beat especially for such purposes may
be entirely avoided. I accomplish this by constructing steam generating apparatus
as hereinafter described and combining the same with a coke oven or ovens or
other 1. rnace or furnaces) in such a manner that the heat instead of escaping
directly from the latter will first pass through and about the said apparatus.
My generator is illustrated in the accompanying Drawing in which :
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal vertical section of my improved steam
generator.
Figure 2 represents a plan of the same,
Figure 3 an end elevation thereof, and
Figure 4 represents a partial vertical longitudinal section of one of the water
chambers.
Like letters indicate the same parts throughout the Drawing.
In carrying my said Invention into practice in connection with a coke oven or
ovens I prefer to construct the steam generator or boiler with three cylindrical
chambers or compartments a of any required length and diameter each provided
with a flue tube b extending longitudinally through the same as represented in
figure 1.
These cylindrical vessels or compartments a form the water chambers or
spaces of the generator and are connected, by the pipes c, with another cylindrical
vessel d which forms the steam chamber, and which is arranged above and parallel
to the said water-chambers. In two of the chambers a I connect the longitudinal
flue-tube b with the exterior shell of the chamber by means of flanged pieces or
tubes to form flues or apertures e for the purpose hereinafter specified. The entire
generator is enclosed in brick work either between the ovens in which the fuel is
burned, in the production of the coke, or above the said ovens. The fuel is burned
on the bed or bottom of the oven and the heated air and products of combustion
enter the flue tubes b of the two side chambers at one end and also through the
flues or apertures 6, and pass out at the other end of the flue tubes b, and returning
through the flue tube of the central chamber they pass through one or more flues
made in the brickwork or setting, and then escape through a chimney in the
ordinary manner.
An important feature of my invention consists in the series of apertures or flues
which connect the flue-tube with the space outside of, and surrounding the
cylindrical vessel or water chamber of the generator or boiler. The object of
providing these apertures is to increase the heating effect by admitting the products

page_text: of combustion to the flue-tube by these apertures as well as at the end of the flue-
tube, the said apertures being arranged at such distances apart as will be most
advantageous for this purpose.
Each aperture e is surrounded with a flanged piece or tube f rivetted to the
flue-tube and to the outer shell of the cylindrical chamber. These apertures may
be arranged at the bottom, or at the sides, or at both the bottom and sides of one or
more of the said water-chambers as desired. Instead of a series of these apertures
or flues e I may form one long aperture in each of the said flue-tubes. Although I
preferably construct the said apparatus with three water chambers, there may be
only one, or any number of such chambers. The steam-generator above described
is constructed entirely of boiler plates.
I have described my invention as carried into practice with a special form of
generator, but I wish it understood that a Lancashire, Cornish or other boiler
having a flue tube or tubes of suitable dimensions passing through it, can be
utilized in a similar manner according to my said invention, that is to say, it can
be provided with one or more apertures or flues as herein before described for the
purpose of admitting the heated air and products of combustion, from a coke oven
or ovens (or other furnace or furnaces), into the said flue tube or tubes at any
point or points between the ends thereof.
It is obvious that my improved steam generators may be made of any required
dimensions and capacity according to the particular purposes for which they are
to be used. And the construction of the said generators and their arrangement in
combination with the ovens or furnaces may be varied according to circumstances.
Having thus fully described my said invention and the manner of performing
the same, I wish it understood that I claim.
First A steam generator having a flue tube or tubes passing through the same
and each provided with one or more flues or apertures for admitting the heated
air and products of combustion into the said flue-tube or tubes at any point or
points between the ends thereof substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Second. The combination of a steam-generator constructed as above described,
with one or more coke ovens or other suitable furnaces in such a manner that the
waste heat from the same may be utilized for generating steam for motive power
or other purposes, substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Courtenay Kingsford have hereunto set my
hand and seal this Fifth day of September in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
COURTENAY KINGSFORD. (L.S.)