Агротошоп і шасіцегу ior the мaпитacture of Forks and other Small Ware.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 17th May, 1888
Complete Accepted, 22nd June, 1888
Агротошоп і шасіцегу ior the мaпитacture of Forks and
other Small Ware.
I, WILHELM HASSEL of 41 Hochstrasse, Hagen, Westphalia, in the German Empire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to machinery both for the manufacture of the blanks of forks
as shewn at Figs. 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings, as also for the removal of the
fins from the blanks as shewn at Figs. 6 to 14.
The blanks shewn at Fig. 4 are at the present time manufactured by means of
three separate machines, each of which provided with a suitable tool. In the first
instance the part a Fig. 4 is formed by dies and percussion tools, such as steam
hammers &c. after which the part b is formed by rolling and lastly by either rolling
or stamping, the part c.
These three operations also require the blank to be heated three times so that for
producing the blank Fig. 4 there are required three separate machines, three different
operations and reheating at each operation.
According to the present invention the above described three separate operations
are effected in one and the same machine by means of combined sets of rolls having
dies formed thereon as shewn on the drawings and operating consecutively at one
heat.
For this purpose a piece of steel S heated to whiteness is introduced into the
groove d of the pair of rolls, Figs. 1 and 3 which at the points m, m, have steel or
hard metal dies let into them so that the steel on passing through the dies of the pair
of rolls assumes the shape shewn at Fig. 5, which has the division of the separate
prongs and the form of the bridge of the fork. The dies m m correspond to the form
of the bridge.
Immediately after passing through these dies the blank is passed through the second
groove e which rolls the prongs into tapering form, and on then passing the blank
through the third groove the points are formed as shewn at c Fig. 4. By this
invention therefore two separate machines, two heatings and two operations are
saved.

page_text: In order to adjust the upper roll accurately relatively to the lower one, the centres k
carrying the same are made adjustable by means of screws screwing through the
bridge pieces ¹ fixed to the head stocks.
Fig. 2 shews a section through the groove f with the dies m' m' for forming the
points of the prongs. Fig. 2 shews a front view of one of the dies and Fig. 3 shews
a section through groove d with the dies m m for the bridge and Fig. 3ª shews a side
view of the dies m. The said dies can be fixed in any suitable manner.
These groove rolls provided with dies have the great advantage that any wearing
away or other damage can be readily repaired. In this case the smooth roll is first
turned or ground until the defective places are removed, the dies m, m, m² m² are
then taken out, the grooves de fare turned centrically or excentrically and the
freshly engraved dies are then fixed in position again. This is an essential advantage,
as no other construction permits of such easy repairs.
At rare provided wire brushes which clear the grooves and dies from adhering
scale, and are therefore of importance for the maintenance of the rolls.
The stops Z prevent any improper introduction of the blank into the grooves and
dies. Such grooved die rolls may also be used for the manufacture of other sinall
ware the form of which consists of one or more prismatic or conical and irregular
parts.
Prismatic and conical parts are formed by grooves turned on the rolls and irregular
parts by dies fixed in the same.
The removal of the fins on the blanks produced either as above described or by
dies otherwise arranged is effected by means of tools constructed as shewn at
Figs. 6 to 14.
The tools are fixed upon shafts t³ which are driven by suitable gear and they
consist of an upper pressure roll A Fig. 6 of soft metal such as cast or wrought iron,
copper, brass &c. and a peculiarly formed roll B Fig. 9 for removing the fins. The
upper roll A has on its semi-circumference o* turned grooves as at Fig. 7, corre-
sponding to the form of the fork, but which are not cut as deep as in the rolls for
forming the forks. The lower roll B is formed of three parts, namely the holder c³
the cutters d d d and the distance pieces e³ ³ e³.
The cutters together with the distance pieces are fixed to the holder by screws c³.
As shewn at Figs. 8 and 9 the cutters and distance pieces are formed as half rings
and are arranged alternately side by side, so that between each two contiguous cutters
a space is formed.
This space is not of equal width at all points of the circumference of the cutters
but decreases from us to u Figs. 8 and 9 in accordance with the shape of the separate
fork prongs.
The cutters thus formed are so arranged that a number thereof with the necessary
distance pieces are fixed upon a shaft that revolves excentrically so that a fixed chisel
of the form shewn at Fig. 11 is made to cut at varying distances from the periphery
of the cutters. Fig. 12 shews this arrangement.
The tools A and B are so arranged on the shafts t³ and that the grooves of the
upper roll are situated opposite the spaces between the cutters of the lower roll.
On introducing a fork the tool A presses the fork prongs between the cutters of
the tool B whereby the fins are removed.
As shewn at Figs. 6 and 7 only the semiperiphery of A has grooves formed on it,
while the other half has a single deeper groove o³. In a similar manner B has cutters
on only half its circumference, the other half having also a single deep groove q³ as
shewn at Figs. 8, 9, and 10.
These deep grooves enable the fork to be withdrawn from the rolls after the fins
have been removed as described.
Figs. 6 and 7 shew the tools for a three pronged fork and it will be seen that the
lower tool B can be adapted for forks of any number of prongs by arranging a
corresponding number of cutters and distance pieces thereon. The upper tool has to
he changed for each different number of prongs:
The two tools A and B are arranged in any suitable manner with adjustable centre:
1

page_text: so as to be adjusted both in a longitudinal and vertical direction relatively to each
other.
It is not necessary that the rolls A and B should perform a complete revolution it
is sufficient to rotate them until the fork introduced passes into the grooves o³ and q
whereupon the fork can be drawn back again and the tools are then turned back into
their original position thus receiving a reciprocating rotary motion, in which case they
can be worked by means of a crank.
Figs. 13 and 14 show a modification of the above described machine in which the
upper tool A carries the cutters & while the lower one B has hollowed supports for
the fork prongs so as to hold these securely. e³ are as before distance pieces and
the screws for securing them to the holders.
On rotating the tools, the cutters & pass between the prongs of the fork and cut off
the fins.
Dated th: 10th .. CA1007

page_text: other Small Ware.
I, WILHELM HASSEL of 41 Hochstrasse, Hagen, Westphalia, in the German Empire,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to machinery both for the manufacture of the blanks of forks
as shewn at Figs. 1 to 5 of the accompanying drawings, as also for the removal of the
fins from the blanks as shewn at Figs. 6 to 14.
The blanks shown at Fig. 4 are at the present time manufactured by means of
three separate machines, each of which is provided with a suitable tool. In the first
instance the part a Fig. 4 is formed by dies, and percussion tools such as steam
hammers &c. after which the part b is formed by rolling and lastly by either rolling
or stamping, the part c. These three operations also require the blank to be heated
three times so that for producing the blank Fig. 4 there are required three separate
machines, three different operations and reheating at each operation.
According to the present invention the above described three separate operation are
effected in one and the same machine by means of combined sets of rolls having
dies formed thereon as shewn on the drawings and operating consecutively at
one heat.
For this purpose a piece of steels heated to whiteness is introduced into the
groove d of the pair of rolls, Figs. 1 and 3 which at the points m, m, have steel or
hard metal dies let into them so that the steel on passing through the dies of the pair
of rolls assumes the shape shewn at Fig. 5, which has the division of the separate
prongs and the form of the bridge of the fork. The dies m m correspond to the form
of the bridge.
Immediately after passing through these dies the blank is passed through the second
groove e which rolls the prongs into tapering form, and on then passing the blank
through the third groove the points are formed as shewn at c Fig. 4. By this
invention therefore two separate machines, two heatings and two operations are
saved.
In order to adjust the upper roll accurately relatively to the lower one, the centres ka
carrying the same are made adjustable by means of screws screwing through the
bridge pieces fixed to the head stocks.
Fig. 2 shews a section through the groove with the dies m¹ m' for forming the
points of the prongs. Fig. 2 shews a front view of one of the dies and Fig. 3 shews
a section through groove d with the dies m m for the bridge and Fig. 3 shews a side a
view of the dies m. The said dies can be fixed in any suitable manner.
These groove rolls provided with dies have the great advantage that any wearing
away or other damage can be readily repaired. In this case the smooth roll is first

page_text: turned or ground until the defective places are removed, the dies m, m, m² m²' are then
taken out, the grooves de fare turned centrically or excentrically and the freshly
engraved dies are then fixed in position again. This is an essential advantage, as no
other construction permits of such easy repairs.
At rr are provided wire brushes which clear the grooves and dies from adhering
scale, and are therefore of importance for the maintenance of the rolls.
The stops z prevent any improper introduction of the blank into the grooves and
dies. Such grooved die rolls may also be used for the manufacture of other small
ware the form of which consists of one or more prismatic or conical and irregular
parts.
Prismatic and conical parts are formed by grooves turned on the rolls and irregular
parts by dies fixed in the same.
The removal of the fins on the blanks produced either as above described or by
dies otherwise arranged is effected by means of tools constructed as shewn at
Figs. 6 to 14.
The tools are fixed upon shafts & t³ which are driven by suitable gear and they
consist of an upper pressure roll A Fig. 6 of soft metal such as cast or wrought iron,
copper, brass &c. and a peculiarly formed roll B Fig. 9 for removing the fins. The
upper roll A has on its semi-circumference o³ turned grooves as at Fig. 7, corre-
sponding to the form of the fork, but which are not cut as deep as in the rolls for
forming the forks. The lower roll B is formed of three parts, namely the holder c
the cutters d d d and the distance pieces e³ e² e².
The cutters together with the distance pieces are fixed to the holder by screws c³.
As shewn at Figs. 8 and 9 the cutters and distance pieces are formed as half-rings
and are arranged alternately side by side, so that between each two contiguous cutters
a space is formed.
'
This space is not of equal width at all points of the circumference of the cutters but
decreases from us to u Figs. 8 and 9 in accordance with the shape of the separate
fork prongs.
The cutters thus formed are so arranged that a number thereof with the necessary
distance pieces are fixed upon a shaft that revolves excentrically so that a fixed chisel
of the form shewn at Fig. 11 is made to cut at varying distances from the periphery
of the cutters. Fig. 12 shews this arrangement.
The tools A and B are so arranged on the shafts 3 and that the grooves of the
upper roll are situated opposite the spaces between the cutters of the lower roll.
On introducing a fork the tool A presses the fork prongs between the cutters of the
tool B whereby the fins are removed.
As shewn at Figs. 6 and 7 only the semi periphery of A has grooves o³ formed on
it; while the other half has a single deeper groove o². In a similar manner B has
cutters on only half its circumference the other half having also a single deep
groove as shown at Figs. 8, 9 and 10.
These deep grooves enable the fork to be withdrawn from the rolls after the fins
have been removed as described.
.
Figs. 6 and 7 shew the tools for a three pronged fork and it will be seen that the
lower tool B can be adapted for forks of any number of prongs by arranging a
corresponding number of cutters and distance pieces thereon. The upper tool has to
be changed for each different number of prongs.
The two tools A and B are arranged in any suitable manner with adjustable centres so
so as to be adjusted both in a longitudinal and vertical direction relatively to each
other.
It is not necessary that the rolls A and B should perform a complete revolution it
is sufficient to rotate them until the fork introduced passes into the grooves o' and q²
whereupon the fork can be drawn back again and the tools are then turned back into
their original position thus receiving a reciprocating rotary motion, in which case they
can be worked by means of a crank.
Figs. 13 and 14 shew a modification of the above described, machine in which the
upper tool A carries the cutters d' while the lower one B has hollowed supports for

page_text: the fork prongs, so as to hold these securely e² are as before distance pieces and c³ the
screws for securing them to the holders.
On rotating the tools, the cutters d² pass between the prongs of the fork and cut off
the fins.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The construction of combined grooved die rolls whereby blanks for forks and
similar small ware are produced by successive rolling operations in a single machine
and at a single heat arranged and operating substantially as herein described.
2. In grooved die rolls such as are referred to in the preceding claim, the use of
dies m for producing the bridge a of the blank with grooves in front or in the rear
thereof for producing the prongs substantially as described with reference to
Figs. 1. 3 and 3 of the drawings.
3. In combination with the dies m referred to in the preceding claims the tapering
grooves e for producing the tapering part 6 of the fork prongs.
4. In grooved die rolls such as are referred to in the first claim the use of tapering
grooves with dies m³ in front or in the rear thereof for producing the points c of
the prongs substantially as herein described with reference to Figs. 2 and 2 of the
drawings.
5. In grooved die rolls such as are referred to in the first claim, the adjustment of
the rolls relatively to each other by means of adjustable centres, substantially as
herein described.
6. The use in combination with grooved die rolls such as are referred to in the first
claim of adjustable wire brushes for clearing the grooves from scale, substantially as
herein described.
7. The construction of apparatus for removing the fins from fork blanks consisting
of two tools A and B fixed on shafts t2 t, of which A on the upper shaft 3 consists of
a grooved roll, the grooves of which correspond in number, form and length to those
of the fork, while the tool B on the shaft t consists of a number of cutters d² d
arranged alternately with distance pieces e², e², the two tools being made to operate in
such manner that the fork introduced between them has its prongs pressed down-
wards by the upper tool between the cutters of the lower tool, whereby the fins will be
cut off therefrom substantially as herein described with reference to Figs. 6 to 12 of
the drawings.
8. In apparatus for removing the fins from forks such as is referred to in the pre-
ceding claim arranging the tool with the cutters d³ and distance pieces e² upon
the upper shaft and providing the tool on the lower shaft with corresponding
discs and intermediate distance pieces, the discs being formed with grooves on
their peripheries for receiving the prongs of the fork, substantially as herein described
with reference to Figs. 13 and 14 of the drawings.
Dated this 17th day of May 1880
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.