IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF FIXING THE WOODEN ROLLERS OF WRINGING, MANGLING AND OTHER MACHINES ONTO THEIR AXLES AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR SUCH PURPOSE
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Clegg of Accrington in the County of Lancaster
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF FIXING THE WOODEN
ROLLERS OF WRINGING, MANGLING AND OTHER MACHINES ONTO THEIR AXLES
AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR SUCH PURPOSE"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Clegg at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd April 1883.
HENRY CLEGG of Accrington in the county of Lancaster " IMPROVEMENTS -IN
THE METHOD OF FIXING THE WOODEN ROLLERS OF WRINGING, MANGLING, AND OTHER
MACHINES ONTO THEIR AXLES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR SUCH PURPOSE
"
This invention relates to the method of fixing wooden rollers onto square axles
which run through them from end to end in a longitudinal direction.
The usual method of doing this has been to bore a round hole through the
rollers from ond to end, the diameter of the hole being rather larger than the
width of one side of the square axle, but less than the length of a diagonal across
the corners of the axle, and then to drive or force the square axle into or through
the same; and the consequence has been that only the corners of the axle have
had any actual hold upon the roller, and a space has been left open on each side
which would admit water and hence the axle was liable to corrosion and the
wood became rotten
According to my invention I first bore a circular hole through the wooden roller
from end to end of a smaller diameter than usual, that is of a diameter equal only
to the width of one side of the square axle, or rather less, and then, by means of
a tool or apparatus hereinafter described I remove the corners, forming thus a
square hole through the roller of the exact size of (or rather smaller than) the axle
which I then proceed to drive or press through the same.
By this means the axle fits tightly, has a firm hold on the wood at all sides, and
there is no space between it and the rollers for the admission of water.
The rollers and axles are more durable and the latter are not liable to work
loose. -

page_text: The tool which I propose to employ for this purpose is constructed as follows:-
I take a square bar of steel (of rather greater length than half that of the
roller to be operated on) and I bore down the centre thereof a hole, about one
third of its diameter and extending a convenient distance into the same (or all
through it from end to end if preferred).
The outside edge of the mouth of this hole I then proceed to bring to a cutting
or chisel edge all round, so as to produce what may be termed a square hollow
chisel.
This tool being forced forwards by screw or other pressure, or by driving into
the small hole bored in the roller, as above described, will form the same into a 1
square hole to fit the axle; each end being acted upon separately; but if the
roller is not too long, the tool may be made of a sufficient length to cut the square
hole through from end to end at one operation
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Henry Clegg in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd October
1883.
HENRY CLEGG of Accrington in the County of Lancaster IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE METHOD OF FIXING THE WOODEN ROLLERS OF WRINGING, MANGLING AND OTHER
MACHINES ONTO THEIR AXLES, AND IN APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR SUCH PURPOSE
This invention relates to the method of fixing wooden rollers onto square axles
which run through them from end to end in a longitudinal direction
The usual method of doing this has been to bore a round hole through the
roller a, a from end to end as shown at b, b Fig. 1. in the annexed drawings, the
diameter of the hole being rather larger than the width of one side of the square
axle c, c but less than the length of a diagonal line drawn across the corners of the
axle, and then to drive or force the square axle into or through the same: as
shown at Fig 1. and the consequence has been that only the corners d, d of the
axle c, c have had any actual hold upon the roller a, a and a space has been left
open on each of the four sides which would admit water and hence the axle c, c
was liable to corrosion and the wood became rotten.
According to my invention I first bore a circular hole through the wooden roller
from end to end of a smaller diameter than usual that is of a diameter equal only
to the width of one side of the square axle or rather less as shown at e, e Fig. 2.
on the drawing, and then by means of a tool or apparatus hereinafter described
I remove the corners, forming thus a square hole through the roller of the exact
size of (or rather smaller than) the axle, as shown by the dotted lines at Fig. 2.
I then proceed to drive or press the axle c, c through the same as shown at Fig. 3.
By this means the axle fits tightly, has a firm hold on the wood at all sides, and
there is no space between it and the rollers for the admission of water. The
rollers and axles are more durable and the latter are not liable to work

page_text: loose. The tool which I propose to employ for this purpose is shown at Figs 4. 5.
and 6, and is constructed as follows. I take a square bar of steel (of rather
greater length than half that of the roller to be operated on) and I bore down the
centre thereof a hole f, f see Fig. 5 about one third of its diameter and extending
a convenient distance into the same (or all through it from end to end if preferred).
The outside edge of the mouth of this hole I then proceed to bring to a cutting or
chisel edge all round see section Fig. 6. so as to produce what may be termed a
square hollow chisel, and I form a slot g, g along one side for removing the
cuttings.
This tool which is shown complete at Fig. 4. being forced forwards by screw or
other pressure, or by driving into the small hole e, e Fig. 2 bored in the roller as
above described, will form the same into a square hole to fit the axle (see Fig. 3.)
each end being acted upon separately; but if the roller is not too long, the tool
may be made of a sufficient length to cut the square hole through from end to
end at one operation.
Having now described the nature and object of my said invention together with
the manner in which the same is to be or may be performed or carried into
practical effect I wish it to be understood that I claim as my invention the
improved method of fixing the said wooden rollers onto their square axles as
hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings annexed.
I also claim the construction and employment of the square hollow chisel or tool
substantially as above described.
In witness whereof the said Henry Clegg have hereunto set my hand and
seal this first day of October in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred
and eighty three