Improvements in or relating to Air Compressors.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application 17th Apr., 1893-Accepted, 20th May, 1893
Improvements in or relating to Air Compressors.
A communication from GUSTAVE HANARTE, Mechanical Engineer, at Mons, in
the Kingdom of Belgium.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
at
It is of great importance to absorb the heat generated in air-compressors during
the compressing process. Most of the modern compressors require even
moderate speed a considerable motive power in consequence of the impossibility
to discharge the same amount of heat as is generated. The apparatus of which
the following is a description, has for its purpose to facilitate the discharge of heat
to the highest degree so that the compression is performed at a nearly constant
temperature thus requiring a minimum of motive power.
To attain this purpose in the compressing chambers of the compressors with
hydraulic pistons, whatever may be their construction, special metallic surfaces
of copper or other metal are arranged, which absorb the heat generated during the
compressing process.
The metallic surfaces are formed as pipes around which water circulates and
carries away the heat generated during the compressing process.
The metallic pipes may be arranged in the form of a system of pipes or in coils
several arrangements of the apparatus being represented in the accompanying
drawings.
In Fig. 1 a spiral pipe c is employed,
In Fig. 2 a quadrangle spiral pipe or coil c',
In Fig. 3 a system of vertical pipes g which are inserted in plates a provided
with corresponding holes.
Fig. 4 is a plan of Fig. 3, the cover being removed.
Fig. 5 is a plan of Fig. 2.
In all figures the arrows show the direction of the currents of air.
suction-valves, and v the delivery valves.
s are the
In Fig. 3 water may be admitted to the chamber containing the pipes g by a
cock i, and discharged by the cock i¹.
In Fig. 5 is the pipe through which the compressed air is conducted.
The arrangement shown in Fig. 3 is especially suited for compression at high
pressure, as the pipes offer considerable surface to the air from which to take the
heat as well as to the cooling water flowing round the pipes.
The pipes are preferably manufactured of copper on account of its high
conductivity for heat.
When ammonia-gas or sulphurous or carbonic acid is to be compressed I prefer
to employ a heavy oil, glycerine or some equivalent liquid instead of the water.
Each of the hereinbefore described arrangements may be employed either alone
or in combination.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is,-
1. An air compressor with hydraulic piston provided between the piston and the
delivery valve with metallic pipes through or around which water is circulated to
cool the air and the liquid through which the compression is effected substantially
as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 2. The employment of heavy oil glycerine or other equivalent liquid instead of
water if ammonia-gas or sulphurous or carbonic acid is to be compressed
substantially as described.
Dated this 17th day of April 1893.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Of London, Nottingham, Manchester, and Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicant.