A MACHINE FOR TURNING AND FINISHING TUBS, PAILS, CASKS, AND OTHER WOODEN VESSELS, OF AN ELLIPTIC, OVAL. OR OTHER ECCENTRIC FORM
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Longley, of Hunslet Road, Leeds, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "A MACHINE FOR TURNING AND
FINISHING TUBS, PAILS, CASKS, AND OTHER WOODEN VESSELS, OF AN ELLIPTIC,
OVAL. OR OTHER ECCENTRIC FORM."
Sealed the 16th January 1855, and dated the 19th July 1854.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Longley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
July 1854.
I, JAMES LONGLEY, of Hunslet Road, Leeds, in the County of York, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A MACHINE FOR TURNING
AND FINISHING TUBS, PAILS, CASES, AND OTHER WOODEN VESSELS, OF AN ELLIPTIC,
OVAL, OR OTHER ECCENTRIC FORM," to be as follows ;-
The machine consists of an oscillating or vibratory lathe, supported on or
suspended from a driving shaft by two carrying bars, through one end of each
of which the driving shaft revolves, the other ends forming headstocks in
which the lathe shaft works. Rotation is imparted to the lathe shaft by a
band direct from the driving shaft, the vibratory motion to produce the
eccentric action being obtained through the instrumentality of a cog wheel,
set on the lathe shaft, and communicating motion to another cog wheel on the
carrying bar, the axis of which works a crank, the other arm of which, being

page_text: fixed, the revolution of the crank produces the reciprocating motion required.
The crank pins would be moveable to allow of adjustment to produce any
variety of form desired, and two sets of wheels and cranks, the latter attached to
a crank shaft, would be used, if necessary, to produce steadiness and precision;
the carrying bars connecting the driving and lathe shafts to be secured from
lateral motion by working in steadying slides, forming part of any standards or
framework convenient for the purpose.
In using the machine to turn and finish the exterior of the pail or other
vessel, it is made fast between plates, and screwed on to the lathe shaft for
turning and finishing the interior of the vessel; it is fitted in a hollowed chuck
of the necessary form screwed to the lathe shaft.
For the purpose of turning the periphery of the bottoms or tops of vessels
without the necessity of screwing or cementing them to a chuck, an elbowed
or curved bracket is firmly attached to the carrying bar, and of sufficient
length to form a point of resistance opposite the extremity of the lathe shaft,
at which point it should be fitted with screws and adjustments for tightening
anything, interposed between it and the lathe shaft, and at the same time
allowing it to revolve with the shaft. The disk designed for the top or bottom
of a vessel being then made fast between two plates (smaller than itself), one
being screwed on to the lathe shaft, the other pressed against it by the screw
of the bracket, may be turned in the usual way.
The machine may be constructed of any combination of wood and metal
that best answers the purpose..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Longley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 18th 2
January 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
LONGLEY, of Hunslet Road, Leeds, in the County of York, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent bearing date the Nineteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One 3
thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
James Longley, Her special licence that I, the said James Longley, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James
Longley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should. at. any time agree 3

page_text: with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A MACHINE FOR TURNING AND
FINISHING TUBS, PAILS, CASES, AND OTHER WOODEN VESSELS OF AN ELLIPTIC, OVAL,
OR OTHER ECCENTRIC FORM," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
James Longley, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal of Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Longley, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
reference being made to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Figure
1 is a longitudinal section, and Figure 2 an end view of the machine; the same
parts being indicated by the same letters of reference in both the Figures.
The machine, consists of an oscillating or vibratory lathe, supported on or
suspended from a driving shaft (a) by two carrying bars (b, b), through one
end of each of which the driving shaft revolves, the other ends forming head-
stocks, in which the lathe shaft (d) works. Rotation is imparted to the lathe
shaft (d) by a band (c), direct from the pulley. on the driving shaft (a), the
vibratory motion to produce the eccentric action being obtained through the
instrumentality of a cog wheel (e), set on the lathe shaft or mandril, and
communicating motion to another cog wheel (f) on the top carrying bar (9),
the axis of which works an arm of a crank (h), the other arm (i) of which
being fixed, the revolution of the crank produces the reciprocating motion
required. The crank pins should be movable, to allow of adjustment, to
produce any variety of form desired, and two sets of wheels and cranks, the
latter attached to a crank shaft, may be used, if necessary, to produce steadi-
ness and precision.
The carrying bars connecting the driving and lathe shafts are to be secured
from lateral motion, by being worked in steadying slides forming part of any
standards or framework convenient for the purpose.
In using the machine to turn and finish the exterior of the pail or other
vessel, such vessel should be made fast between plates, and screwed on to
the lathe shaft. For turning and finishing the interior of the vessel it
must be fitted into a hollow chuck, of the necessary form, screwed to the lathe
shaft.

page_text: For the purpose of turning the periphery of the bottoms or tops of vessels,
without the necessity of screwing or cementing them to a chuck, an elbowed
or curved bracket is firmly attached to the carrying bar, and of sufficent length
to form a point of resistance opposite the extremity of the lathe shaft, at
which point it should be fitted with screws and adjustments, for tightening
anything interposed between it and the lathe shaft. The disk designed for
the top or bottom of a vessel being then made fast between two plates smaller
than itself, one being screwed on the lathe shaft, the other pressed against
it by the screw of the bracket, may be turned in the usual way.
The machine may be constructed of any combination of wood and metal that
best answers the purpose.
What I claim is, the general arrangement of the machine, constructed and
operating substantially in the manner described, and applied to the purposes
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Longley, have hereto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
JAMES LONGLEY. (L.S.)