Improvements in Metallic or Combination Packing for Joints for Gas, Water, Steam, or any other purpose for which a Jointing Material is Required.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Nov., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 1st Feb., 1894-Accepted, 17th Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Metallic or Combination Packing for Joints for
Gas, Water, Steam, or any other purpose for which a Jointing
Material is Required.
WILLIAM HENRY EASTWOOD, of East Holm, Church Place South, Penarth,
Glamorganshire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
The improvement consists of affixing asbestos or any other fibrous or flexible
material to metal discs, corrugated rings, strips, or any other suitable design,
by means of india rubber, gum, or any other adhesive material or by projections
or by being passed through perforations or may be held in place by any other
means.
The metal may be plain, or have one or more corrugations & may be made
oblong, round, square, oval or any other suitable shape or in strips.
The metal rings or other shapes may be corrugated or made any other suitable
section on the inside or outside surfaces.
Dated this 14th day of November 1893.
WILLIAM HENRY EASTWOOD.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Metallic or Combination Packing for Joints for
Gas, Water, Steam, or any other purpose for which a Jointing
Material is Required.
I, WILLIAM HENRY EASTWOOD, of South Holm, Church Place South,
Penarth, in the County of Glamorgan, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in metallic or combination packings for
the flanged joints of gas, water, steam and analogous apparatus, pipes and
fittings.
It consists in affixing asbestos, yarn, or any other fibrous or flexible material
(hereinafter referred to as the asbestos) to flat (i.e., not corrugated or indented)
discs, rings, plates, or strips of flexible metal or other equivalent material (and
which is hereinafter referred to as the metal), as distinguished from corrugated
metal having the corrugations filled in with ordinary lead cement, a combination
already known and used.
The asbestos is laid upon both sides of the metal in lines, straight, circular or
otherwise according to the shape of the metal, the said lines being, preferably,
parallel, and those on one side of the metal interspacing, either in a lateral or in a
linear or a longitudinal sense, those on the other side. The asbestos may he held
to the metal by means of any suitable cement, but I prefer to provide for its being
so held, by means of clips combined with and offset from the metal, or by being
threaded through holes in the metal. The clips are preferably formed by punching
them in the metal, but they may be separate pieces fixed to the metal. Any
other device other than clips may be substituted for them, if desired.
In order that my invention and the means of carrying in into practical effect
may be thoroughly understood, I will now describe it and them in detail, referring
in so doing to the accompanying figures which are to be taken as part of this
ID 071

page_text: Specification and read therewith. They are to be taken as illustrative of the
invention and not as limiting it to the special shapes and arrangements of asbestos
and metal illustrated.
Figure 1 is a plan of a ring or washer packing made according to the present
invention.
.
Figure 2 is a transverse section of the metal only, of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line 3-3 of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a part plan of a modified type of ring or washer packing, likewise
made according to the present invention.
Figure 5 is a section on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a part plan of a ring or washer packing likewise made according
to the present invention, and illustrating a modification in the clip device illustrated
in the preceding pair of figures.
Figure 7 is a section, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 7-7 of Figure 6.
Figure 8 is a part plan and
Figure 9 is a section, on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 9-9 of Figure 8,
of a further modified type of washer or ring packing made according to the present
invention.
Figure 10 is a sectional elevation of the flanged ends of two pipes with one
of my improved combination packings between them in position for being
screwed up.
In the figures the metal portion of the improved combination packing is shewn
as a flat washer a which may be taken as of thin sheet metal of the relative
thickness illustrated. The asbestos portion is shewn as consisting of rings b.
These are circular in cross-section and of equal thickness, but of different
diameters, from the smallest which is a little larger than the hole in the washer a
to the largest which is a little smaller than the washer.
Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, three rings are held to one side of the washer
and four to the other, the three being opposite the spaces between those on the
The width of
other side, the seven interspacing each other in a lateral sense.
space between two rings bis, preferably, equal to the thickness of a ring b, or it
may be a little more than that.
There is no special device illustrated for holding the asbestos to the metal. The
use of a suitable cement may be assumed.
When a combination packing made as described in reference to Figures 1 to 3,
is screwed up between two flanges, those portions of metal which then stand
between flange and ring respectively, will be corrugated into the space between the
rings on either side of the said ring and forced up to the said flange. A reference
to Figure 10 will make this clear.
The asbestos is shewn in all the figures as following, more or less exactly, a
circular direction, and all the rings of asbestos are shewn as concentric; but these
two features may both be varied, although it is advisable that such directions
should be parallel with the shape of the metal and concentric therewith as far
as practicable.
1
Referring to Figures 4 and 5, the modification illustrated therein consists in
the device for holding the asbestos to the metal. c, care clips punched out of
the metal. These clips stand at equal distances apart along the directions to
be followed by the asbestos, and with their noses outwards from the centre of
the packing. Further, the clips for any line of asbestos on one side of the metal
interspace those of the respective lines on the same side, as clearly shewn in
Figure 4. The clips on one side of the metal interspace those of the adjacent
The asbestos
lines of asbestos on the opposite side, as indicated in Figure 5.
rings bare affixed to the plate by passing them over and under the clips. Each
ring is, preferably, rather smaller than the circle which passes through the bases of
the clips, so that the asbestos follows a straight line from clip to clip, instead
of a circular one. When the ring is in its place, the clips are folded down
over it.

page_text: Referring to Figures 6 and 7, the modification illustrated therein consists in the
varied directions in which the clips point.
Referring to Figures 8 and 9, the modification illustrated therein consists in
holding the asbestos to the metal by threading it from one side of the plate to the
other, through holes d, d punched in the plate along the direction which the
asbestos is to take. This makes each ring or cord of asbestos stand alternately
on each side of the metal, as clearly shewn in Figure 9. The holes are, preferably,
set out with reference to each other, in such a way that asbestos in one line shall
as far as possible stand more or less directly opposite a space in the adjacent line on
the same side of the metal. In this way, the asbestos on one side interspaces that
on the other, as well as that on the same side in a linear sense, and will, when the
packing is screwed up, corrugate the metal accordingly.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, declare that what [
claim is:
1. The combination of the metal and asbestos on both sides thereof, as set
forth.
2. The combination of the metal, asbestos on both sides thereof and clips for
holding the asbestos to the metal, as set forth.
3. The combination with the metal of clips adapted to hold the asbestos thereto
in the position, as set forth.
Dated this 1st day of February 1894
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.