IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES AND IN THEIR. MANUFACTURE
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ira Dimock, of 97, Cheapside, in the City of
London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES AND IN THEIR.
MANUFACTURE." -A communication from "The Florence Manufacturing
Company," Florence, County of Hampshire, and State of Massachusetts,.
United States of America
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ira Dimock at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd Sep--
tember 1866.
I, IRA DIMOCK, of 97, Cheapside, in the City of London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES AND
IN THEIR MANUFACTURE," & communication to me from "The Florence Manu-
facturing Company," Florence, County of Hampshire, and State of Massa-
chusetts, United States of America, to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in securing the bristles by and in liquid or plastic
cement or composition, which also forms the back or stock, or both the back
or stock and handle, such composition being moulded by suitable dies into
any required shape or design, so that the bristles are secured and the back
and handle is formed and ornamented at one operation. It also consists in
embedding metal, wood, or other suitable material in the composition forming.
the back or handle to impart strength to the article.
The Invention also consists in moulding or forming the backs or handles
of brushes (with or without the strengthening piece above described) of a

page_text: shellac and woody fibre composition, such as that used for making buttons,
with a cavity to receive stocks or blocks in which the bristles are drawn or
secured in the ordinary manner.
The Invention for the manufacture of the improved brushes consist in the
use of a plate or its equivalent, perforated with as many holes as there are
to be separate tufts of bristles in the brush, the depth of the plate being
equal to about the length which the bristles are to protrude from the back
or handle when the brush is complete. This plate rests upon a surface which
may be plain if the ends of the bristles are to be of even length, or of a
corrugated or uneven surface if the bristles are to be uneven in length, to
give what is termed "penetration." Each hole in the plate is filled with
bristles, which are forced down until their ends rest upon the surface below
the perforated plate, then the composition or cement is spread over the ends
of the tufts protruding from the perforated. plate, sufficient cement or com-
position being used to form the stock or back, or stock, back, and handle; then
a mould or die is brought down upon the composition, and it is subjected to
considerable pressure to consolidate the material into the form or design
required and cause it to come in firm contact with the ends of the tufts or
knots of bristles held by the perforated plate; then the mould or die is with-
drawn and the moulded article is lifted, the bristles or tufts coming easily out
of the perforations in the plate. When the strengthening piece is used a
layer of the cement or composition is first spread, then the strengthener is
embedded, and then another layer is added before the die is pressed down
upon it. The Invention is not limited as to the cement or composition to
be used, shellac and woody fibre, such as that used for making buttons,
is generally employed, for the purpose, but any suitable liquid or plastic
material which hardens, and becomes firm under pressure or by exposure to
the atmosphere may be substituted if desired.
TOT
-
by the said Ira Dimock in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th March 30
1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, IRA
DIMOCK, of 97, Cheapside, in the City of London, send greetin
5:12 1.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
12110 17
1.1 10
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of September, in the year of our, 35

page_text: Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Ira Dimock, Her special license that I, the said Ira Dimock, my
exécutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Ira
Dimock, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
use, exercise, and
any
vend; within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES AND
IN THEIR MANUFACTURE," a communication from The Florence Manufacturing
Company, Florence, in the County of Hampshire, and State of Massachu-
setts, United States of America," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Ira Dimock, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I; the said Ira Dimock, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention; and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following state-
ment and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
This Invention consists in manufacturing brushes, by securing the bristles
by and in certain liquid or plastic cement or composition, which also forms the
back, stock, or handle, such composition being moulded by suitable dies into
any required shape or design, so that the bristles are secured and the back
and handle is formed and ornamented at one operation, the cement or compo-
sition employed being formed of shellac and woody fibre, same as that used
for making buttons, or other similar cement or composition which hardens
and becomes firm under pressure and by exposure to the atmosphere. It
also consists in embedding metál, wood; or other suitable material in the
composition forming the back of handle to impart strength to the article.
The Invention also consists in moulding or forming the backs or handles of
brushes (with or without the strengthening piece) of a shellac and woody
fibre composition similar to that used for making buttons; with a cavity in
each to receive a stock or block in which the bristles are drawn or secured in
the ordinary manner.
The Invention for the manufacture of improved brushes consists in the use
of a die or plate or its equivalent, perforated with as many holes as there are
to be separate knots or tufts of bristles in the brush, the depth of the plate

page_text: being equal to about the length which the bristles are to protrude from the
stock, back, or handle when the brush is complete. This plate rests upon a
surface which may be plain if the ends of the bristles are to be of even
length, or of a corrugated or uneven surface if the bristles are to be uneven
in length to give what is termed "penetration." Each hole in the plate is
filled with bristles, which are forced down until their ends rest upon the
surface below the perforated plate, then the composition or cement is spread
over the ends of the tufts. protruding from the perforated plate, sufficient
cement or composition being used to form the stock or back and handle; then
a mould or die is brought down upon the composition, and it is subjected to
.considerable pressure to consolidate the material into the form required and
cause it to come in firm contact with the ends of the tufts or knots of bristles
held by the perforated plate; then the mould or die is withdrawn and the
moulded article is lifted, the bristles or tufts coming easily out of the per--
forations in the plate. When the strengthening piece is used a layer of the
cement or composition is first spread, then the strengthener is embedded, and.
then another layer is added before the die is pressed down upon it.
The ligures upon the accompanying Sheet of Drawing will explain more
fully the nature of the Invention and the manner of carrying the same into
effect. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section shewing the perforated plate (a),
having holes (a¹) in which the tufts or knots of bristles are inserted and held,
the surface or plate (6) upon which the perforated plate rests, the back and
handle of the brush (c) which is being moulded and a strengthening piece (d)
embedded therein, and the mould or die (e), which serves to consolidate the
composition and mould it into the shape required.
Fig. 2 is a plan view shewing the base plate (b) and the perforated
plate (a), with a few holes (a¹) for the knots or tufts of bristles.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a brush having a shellac and woody fibre
composition back and handle (c) and a strengthening piece (d) embedded in
it, and moulded with a cavity (c) to receive a block (c), having bristles
secured in it in the ordinary manner, the block being secured in the cavity (c¹)
by cement or by any other suitable means.
Fig. 4 is a view of the cavity side of the back or handle without the block
containing the bristles, shewing in dotted line the flat form in which the
strengthening piece may be made.
I have now described the nature of the Invention communicated to me,
and the manner in which the same may be carried into effect, and claim as
the Invention secured to me by the said Letters Patent,-
Firstly, brushes in which the tufts or knots of bristles are secured in and

page_text: by the cement or composition forming the stock, back, or handle, substantially
as herein-before described.
Secondly, the use of a strengthening piece of wood, metal, or other suitable
material for the stocks, backs, or handles of brushes made from cements or
compositions which harden and become firm under pressure or by exposure
to the atmosphere, as herein-before described.
Thirdly, the formation of the backs or handles of brushes out of shellac and
woody fibre composition with a cavity to receive a block drawn with bristles
in the ordinary manner, as herein-before described.
Fourthly, the use of a die or perforated plate or its equivalent for holding
the separate tufts or knots of bristles while their protruding ends are held and
secured by cement, and while the stock, back, or handle is being moulded,
substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventh
day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty-seven.
Witness,
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Patent Agent,
Queen's Chambers,
Market St.,
Manchester.
IRA DIMOCK. (L.S.)