An Improved Method of Rendering Doors, Lids, Casements, Drawers, Windows, and Frames Air Tight or Draught Proof.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Aug., 1887
Complete Left, 21st Oct., 1887
Complete Accepted, 27th Dec., 1887
An Improved Method of Rendering Doors, Lids, Casements, Drawers,
Windows, and Frames Air Tight or Draught Proof.
I JOHN CHARLES REID of Park Row Leeds in the County of York, upholder, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention has for its principal object to ronder draught proof the room doors
of dwelling houses, but it is also more or less applicable for rendering draught or air
proof, the doors and lids of cases, or boxes, drawers, casements, windows and frames,
where it may be desirable to have these air or draught proof.
The nature of my invention will be best ascertained by describing its application to
the room doors of dwelling houses. The frame or casing to which one side of the door
is hinged is provided at the opposite side and on the top and bottom with a sliding lath,
placed flatwise against the inner sides or surfaces of the casement. The lath is provided
with two or more brass or metal slots (at right angles to the length of the lath.
Through each of these slots is passed a stud, which is screwed into or otherwise
firmly attached to the casement. Between the fixed stud and one end of the slot, is
provided a small spring, which keeps the lath pressed forward beyond the edge of
the casement rebate, against which the door closes. Before the door is completely
closed, it presses against the front edges of the sliding laths and forces back the laths
compressing the springs. The laths are thus kept pressed against the door, so long
as it is closed. The front edges of the laths where they press against the door, are
covered with cloth or other suitable material in order to make the joint tight; and the
underside of the lath, which rubs against the casement is likewise covered with cloth.
The fixed stud is provided all round with a broad flange, which partly overlaps the
metal slots, and thus keeps the lath well up to the casement.
The above arrangement is applicable to doors which are already fixed in place. In
the case of new doors having casements with very deep rebates, the metal slots, studs,
and springs are slightly altered in the arrangement, so that they and the laths may
be inserted in grooves formed in the casement rebates.
The hinged side of the door usually fits sufficiently close to prevent any draught or
air current.

page_text: The above described arrangement for making the sides and top of the door air
tight, are scarcely suited for the bottom of the door, unless covered over and thus
protected from injury by the feet, which in most cases cannot be conveniently effected.
I provide therefore the following arrangement for making the bottom of the door
airtight. The above described lath, metal slot, stud and spring attachments are fixed
to the door itself close to the bottom on the closing side of the door. The springs
however are placed on the opposite side of the studs in the slots, and therefore tond
to keep the lath raised. The ends of the laths however are provided with metal pieces,
the upper sides of which are bevelled off, and come in contact with the under sides of
corresponding bevelled socket pieces, let into the door casement. When the bevelled
pieces come in contact with, and slido over each other on the closing of the door, the
lath is thus pressed down on to the floor. To prevent the lath however being jammed
against the floor, when the door is closed, I propose to make the attachment of the
above mentioned socket pieces to the casement a spring one; or a second spring
may be inserted between the fixed studs and slot plates above referred to.
Dated this Nineteenth day of August 1887.
J. CLARK
JEFFERSON,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: Windows, and Frames Air Tight or Draught Proof.
I JOHN CHARLES REID of Park Row Leeds in the County of York, upholder, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the saine is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
My Invention has for its object principally to render draught proof, the room
doors of dwelling houses, but it is also more or less applicable for rendering draught
or air proof, the doors and lids of cases, or boxes, drawers, casements, windows and
frames, where it may be desirable to have these air or draught proof.
The nature of my invention will be best ascertained by describing its application
to the room doors of dwelling houses. The frame or casing, to which one side of the
door is hinged, is provided at the opposite side and on the top and bottom with
sliding lath, placed flatwise against the inner sides or surfaces of the casement. The
lath is provided with two or more brass or metal slots (at right angles to the length
of the lath. Through each of these slots is passed a stud, which is screwed into, or
otherwise firmly attached to the casement.
Between the fixed stud and one end of the slot, is provided a small spring, which
keeps the lath pressed forward beyond the edge of the casement rebate, against which
the door closes. Before the door is completely closed, it presses againt the front edges
of the sliding laths, and forces back the laths compressing the springs. The laths are
thus kept pressed against the door, so long as it is closed. The front edges of the
laths, where they press against the door, are covered with cloth or other suitable
material in order to make the joint tight; and the underside of the lath, which rubs
against the casement, is likewise covered with cloth. The fixed stud is provided all
round with a broad flange, which partly overlaps the metal slots and thus keeps the
lath well up to the casement.
The above arrangement is applicable to doors, which are already fixed in place.
In case of new doors having casements with very deep rebates, the metal slots, studs
and springs are slightly altered in the arrangement, so that they and the laths may
be inserted in grooves formed in the casement rebates.
The hinged side of the door usually fits sufficiently close to prevent any draught or
air current.
The above described arrangement for making the sides and top of the door airtight,
are scarcely suited for the bottom of the door, unless covered over and thus pro-
tected from injury by the feet, which in most cases cannot be conveniently effected.
The following modifications are therefore effected for making the bottoin of the door
airtight. The above described lath, metal slot, stud and spring attachments, are
fixed to the door itself close to the bottom, on the closing side of the door. The
springs however are placed on the opposite side of the studs in the slots, and therefore
tend to keep the lath raised. The ends of the laths however are provided with metal

page_text: pieces, the upper ends of which are bevelled off, and come in contact with the under-
sides of corresponding bevelled socket pieces, let into the door casement. When the
bevelled pieces come in contact with, and slide over each other on the closing of the
door, the lath is thus pressed down on the floor. To prevent the lath however, being
jammed against the floor, when the door is closed; the attachment of the above
mentioned socket pieces to the casement may be made a spring one; or a second
spring may be inserted between the fixed studs and slot plates above referred to.
And in order that my Invention may be more completely understood, reference is
given to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and marks thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 Sheet 1 represents a front view in perspective of a door and its frame or
casing, having our Improvements applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of
one side of the frame of a door, and shewing one of the lath spring boxes also in
section. Fig. 3 is a side elevation shewing part of a vertical lath with the spring
box attached thereto. Fig. 4 Sheet 2 is a horizontal section of a side of a door frame
having a deep rebate, in which both the lath and spring box are shown fitted in a
groove or recess in the rebate. Figs. 5 and 6 are two views of the back of a lath spring
box, as used for making draught proof the bottom of a door; and Figs. 7 and 8 are face
views of such lath spring boxes shewn attached to the lath. Figs. 9 and 10 represent
details to be hereafter refered to.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the views.
. The frame or casing a to which one side of the door is hinged, is provided at the
opposite or keep side and on the top with a sliding lath c, placed flatwise against the
inner sides or surfaces of the frame or casing. Each lath is provided with two or
more spring boxes d, fixed by screws or otherwise to the lath. The spring box as
shewn, consists of a flat plate d having a rectangular slot or slide formed therein, the
metal flanges e being provided on the inner side of the plate to increase the bearing
surface of the slot or slide. Within this slot or slide are fitted one or two screw
bosses or lugs f, cast on the inner side of the cover plate g. When two screw bosses
or lugs are used, a cross piece or rib is cast in the rectangular slot or slide. Between
one of the screw bosses or lugs fand the cross piece, (or where only one screw boss
is provided, between it and the end of the slot,) is fitted a small spiral spring h. The
cover plate g is fixed to the side or face of the door frame by means of screws or
nails, passing through holes in the screw bosses or lugs f, as shewn in Fig. 2 Sheet 1 ;
whilst the spring box is similarly fixed to the sliding lath c. The inner side of the
lath which bears against the door frame, is preferably covered with thin cloth glued
thereto.
The cover plate g is screwed to the door frame a in such a position, that the edge
of the lathe projects from about th to th of an inch beyond the edge of the rebate,
against which the side of the door fits when closed. When the door is closed, the
face edge of the door bears against the edge of the lath c, which is pushed back
slightly by the closing of the door; and the springs h then keep the edge of the lath
pressed against the door. To render the joint between the door and the edge of the
lath still more draught proof, the edge of the lath c is covered with a strip of cloth,
felt, or india rubber.
The hinged side of the door is sometimes left without such special provision, whilst
in other cases, the lath may be inserted in a groove in the edge of the door, or as
described above, or fitted so as to slide on the face of the door.
The lathe with the above described spring boxes may be fitted into a recess or
groove in the door frame, as shewn in Fig. 4 Sheet 2.
The lathe with the above described spring boxes may be fitted to the bottom of the
door to keep it draught proof. The spring boxes which are fitted at the bottom on
the outer or closing side of the door, are however reversed in their position on the
lath so that they tend to keep the lath raised from the floor. The lath c is forced
down against the floor by means of inclined metal striking plates, fixed at each side

page_text: to the bottom of the door frame. The ends of the lath which come in contact with
the striking plates are fitted with bevelled metal shoes or cap pieces i k. The bevelled
shoe near the hinged side of the door is bevelled as shewn at i, Fig. 9, and that at
the opposite end of the lath as shewn at k Fig. 10 and the striking plates above
referred to are bevelled to correspond.
A more preferable method however, is to form the rectangular slot or slide in the
spring box plate d in an inclined position, say about 45 degrees, as shewn in Figs. 5
and Sheet 2. The lathe and spring boxes are fitted to the bottom of the door in
such a position, that when the door is open the bottom edge of the lath is th to th
inch above the floor, and the end of the lath at the hinged side of the door is flush
with the edge of the door. It will be evident that on closing the door, the edge of the
lath will be caught by the raised part of the door frame (i.e. the edge of the rebate), and
the lath will be pushed slightly towards the opposite or lock side of the door. Owing
to the inclination of the slot or guide of the spring box, a movement in this direction
(indicated by an arrow in Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8.) causes at the same time a downward
movement of the lath bringing it against the floor, (compare Fig. 5 with 6 and Fig. 7
with 8).
It will be understood that I do not confine myself to any particular size or shape of
the various parts above described and shewn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1°. The combination of the sliding lath c and spring boxes d attached to the door
or door frame, and operated by the opening and closing of such door, (casement,
window or frame), substantially as described and shewn in Figs. 1 to and 5 to 8 of
the accompanying drawings.
20. The spring box comprising the flat plate d having a rectangular slot or slide
therein, the cover plate g with screw bosses or lugs and the spiral spring h, all
arranged substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth, and as illustrated in
Figs. 2 to 8 of the accompanying drawings.
Doted this 1st day of October 1887
J. CLARK JEFFERSON,
2, East Parade, Leeds,
Agent for Applicant.