AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF ELIMINATING THE COLOURING MATTER OF GARANCINE AND OTHER PRODUCTS OF MADDER
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine,
Lake, & Co., Southampton Buildings, London, Patent Agents, for
the Invention of "AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF ELIMINATING THE COLOURING
MATTER OF GARANCINE AND OTHER PRODUCTS OF MADDER."-A communica-
tion from abroad by Spencer Borden, of Fall River, Massachusetts,
United States of America.
Sealed the 4th April 1871, and dated the 14th December 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 14th December 1870.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Southampton Buildings, London, Patent Agents, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PROCESS OF ELIMINATING
THE COLOURING MATTER OF GARANCINE AND OTHER PRODUCTS OF MADDER," a
communication, to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in a novel treatment of garancine and other
products of madder with hard soap and chlorate of potash by which the

page_text: colouring matter contained in the garancine or other product is freely
eliminated.
As a means of illustration in order to compare my method of preparing
garancine liquor with that in general use I will present a common and
usual dyers' formula for producing certain effects well known to the
trade, the quantity stated being requisite for properly dyeing one yard
of cloth, viz.-Eighteen drams garancine, eighteen drams garanceux
(garancine obtained from spent madder), three drams sumac, two drams
Persian berries boiled with water to make three gallons of liquor. After
submitting goods to the action of the dye bath they are cleared in the
usual manner with "bran" and the " sours.
"
For producing substantially the same colours and effects according to
my Invention I use, say, fifty-five per cent. of the quantity of garancine
stated above, previously prepared as follows:-The garancine, say, ten
drams with one quarter of its weight (or, say, two and a half drams of
common hard soap) and two drams chlorate of potash are boiled in three
quarts of water for, say, about thirty minutes by the injection of steam.
The quantity of liquid is then increased to one gallon by the addition
of water. It is then poured with the eighteen drams garanceux, three
drams sumac, and two drams of Persian berries which have previously
been soaked in one gallon of water. To this is then added water, raising
the quantity of liquor to, say, three gallons, the whole being boiled by
the injection of steam in the usual manner.
I have obtained satisfactory results by stirring mordanted goods for
thirty minutes in the liquor at 120° Fahrenheit raised to 140° Fahrenheit
continued for fifteen minutes, then raised to 180° Fahrenheit, and con-
cluded in fifteen minutes, after which they are ready for the brans
and "sours."
"
Equally desirable results with somewhat less labour may be obtained
by introducing the dye stuffs into the "dye copper as usual (less the
45 per cent. of garancine, which by my Invention may be economized),
and adding thereto the soap and chlorate of potash or its equivalent in
a heated solution in substantially the same proportions as set forth.
It is to be remembered that the dyers' formulas herein presented are
merely for the purposes of illustration, and that they constitute no part

page_text: of my Invention, which relates wholly to the novel treatment of the
garancine or other products of madder.
The proportions of hard soap and chlorate of potash or their equivalents
be varied with more or less desirable results without departing from
the spirit of my Invention.
may
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 13th June 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Southampton
Buildings, London, Patent Agents, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Robert Lake, Her special licence
that I, the said William Robert Lake, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Robert Lake, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
PROCESS OF ELIMINATING THE COLOURING MATTER OF GARANCINE AND OTHER
PRODUCTS OF MADDEB,” a communication to me from abroad by Spencer
Borden, of Fall River, Massachusetts, United States of America, upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Robert Lake,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great.
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Robert Lake, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :—
My Invention consists in a novel treatment of garancine or other
products of madder with hard soap and chlorate of potash by which
the colouring matter contained in the garancine or other product is
freely eliminated.
As a means of illustration in order to compare my method of preparing
garancine liquor with that in general use I will present a common and
usual dyers' formula for producing certain effects well known to the
trade, the quantity stated being requisite for properly dyeing one yard
of cloth, viz. :-Eighteen drams garancine, eighteen drams garanceux
(garancine obtained from spent madder), three drams sumac, two drams
Persian berries boiled with water to make three gallons of liquor. After
submitting goods to the action of the dye bath they are cleared in the
usual manner with "bran" and the sours."
For producing substantially the same colours and effects according to
my Invention I use, say, fifty-five per cent. of the quantity of garancine
stated above, previously prepared as follows:-The garancine, say, ten
drams with one quarter of its weight, or, say, two and a half drams of
common hard soap, and two drams chlorate of potash are boiled in three
quarts of water for, say, about thirty minutes by the injection of steam.
The quantity of liquid is then increased to one gallon by the addition of
water. It is then poured with the eighteen drams garanceux, three
drams sumac, and two drams of Persian berries which have previously
been soaked in one gallon of water. To this is then added water, raising
the quantity of liquor to, say, three gallons, the whole being boiled by
the injection of steam in the usual manner.
I have obtained satisfactory results by stirring mordanted goods for
thirty minutes in the liquor at 120° Fahrenheit raised to 140° Fahrenheit
continued for fifteen minutes, then raised to 180° Fahrenheit, and con-
cluded in fifteen minutes, after which they are ready for the "brans"
and "
sours."
Equally desirable results with somewhat less labour may be obtained

page_text: 45 per cent. of garancine, which by my Invention may be economized)
and adding thereto the soap and chlorate of potash or its equivalent in
a heated solution in substantially the same proportions as set forth.
It is to be remembered that the dyers' formulas herein presented are
merely for the purposes of illustration and that they constitute no part
of my Invention which relates wholly to the novel treatment of the
garancine or other product of madder.
The proportions of hard soap and chlorate of potash or their equivalents
may be varied with more or less desirable results without departing
from the spirit of my Invention.
Having thus fully described the said Invention, as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, and shown bow the same may be
conveniently and advantageously carried into practice, I wish it under-
stood I am aware that soaps have heretofore been used in a great variety
of application for the purpose of clearing colours derived from madder,
garancine, and other similar dye stuffs. I am also aware that chlorate
of potash and its equivalents have been used for similar purposes. I am
not, however, aware that both or either of them have ever, before my
Invention or discovery, been used singly or in combination in the
preparation of dyeing liquors derived from garancine or other colouring
matter of its class, but that they have only been used in treating the
mordanted goods after they had been subjected to the action of the
dyeing baths prepared in the usual and well-known manner. I do not
therefore claim as new the use of soaps or chlorate of potash, or their
equivalents, for the purpose of developing colouring matter already
applied to mordanted goods; but I claim,—
First. The improvement in the treatment of garancine or other
product of madder which consists in eliminating the colouring matter
contained therein by the combined or separate action of hard soap and
chlorate of potash or their chemical equivalents, in the manner sub-
stantially as herein described.
Second. The improvement in the treatment of garancine or other
product of madder which consists in eliminating the colouring matter
contained therein by combining therewith hard soap and chlorate of

page_text: potash, or their equivalents, in the manner and for the purposes sub-
stantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of June, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one.
Witness,
E. C. JACKSON.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE. (L.S.)