IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND LAMP STOVES
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Alexander Rippingille and James Davey
Rippingille, both of Aston-juxta-Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND LAMP STOVES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Alexander Rippingille
and James Davey Rippingille at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 2nd February 1881.
EDWARD ALEXANDER RIPPINGILLE and JAMES DAVEY RIPPINGILLE, both of
Aston-juxta-Birmingham, in the County of Warwick. " IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
AND LAMP STOVES."
Our Invention relates, firstly, to means for indicating the height of oil in the
metal tanks or reservoirs of lamps and lamp stoves. For this purpose we mount
in the top of the tank or reservoir a piece of glass, descending into the same, which
glass may be in the form of a prism or inverted cone or pyramid, either plain or
with indentations or projections thereon. Such descending piece of glass may
however be of other form, so long as it clearly exhibits the height of oil in the tank
or reservoir; or a piece of flat glass may be mounted in the top of the tank or
reservoir, in which case a fixed indicator will be placed in the tank or reservoir,
which by the light falling thereon through such plain glass will show the height of
oil in the tank. Or the piece of plain glass may be dispensed with; and the
indicator fixed in such position as to be readily visible through the filling orifice
without interfering with the filling of the tank or reservoir.
The Invention also relates to that class of lamp stove described in the Specification
of Letters Patent granted to Edward Alexander Rippingille, dated February 16
1880, No. 680, in which a chimney passes through the oven at one or both sides
thereof, or in which the chimney or chimneys is or are formed against the side or
sides thereof, and consists of means whereby the bottom of the oven is more
effectually heated than by the arrangements described in said Specification, and
heretofore in use when not employing a burner under the oven.
For this purpose

page_text: when only one chimney is used we form a channel or passage on one side thereof,
or around the same, which space is in communication at the top with the top of the
chimney, and at the bottom with the space under the oven. Alongside the aforesaid
channel or passage is another, which extends only partly up the chimney, and is
open at its lower end to the space under the oven, and at its upper part to the
chimney. By these means some of the products of combustion and heated air are
drawn from the top of the chimney down the first named channel or passage in
contact with the side or lower part of the chimney, by which they become further
heated; they thence pass into the space under the oven to heat the latter, and by a
division plate in such space are caused to traverse from end to end thereof, after
which they pass by the second channel or passage into the side of the chimney at a
sufficient height to prevent injury to combustion.
The products of combustion after heating the top of the oven, and any utensil
placed over the same, may be caused as heretofore to pass down a flue or channel
at the side of the oven, opposite to that on which the chimney is placed, or down
a flue at the back. If desired before passing into the first named channel or
passage the heated air and products of combustion for heating the bottom of the
oven may be caused to pass into an outer channel or passage.
In cases where a chimney is employed at each side of the oven, we cause some of
the products of combustion and heated air from one chimney to pass into the space
under the oven, as above described, and after traversing entirely across such space
they are caused to pass into a channel or passage at the side of the second chimney,
whence they pass into the latter at a suitable height to prevent injury to com-
bustion, as before described. The first mentioned chimney may be made somewhat
shorter than the second, in order to give the latter greater power over the draft,
and thereby more fully secure the object desired, in which case the products of
combustion to heat the bottom of the oven may be drawn direct from the first
nientioned chimney into the space under the oven.
Or some of the products of combustion may be caused to pass direct from the
chimney to the space under the oven by mounting in such chimney a damper,
which can when desired be caused to partially throttle such chimney, and thereby
allow only some of the products of combustion to pass away, whilst some are
compelled to pass to the space under the oven, where they are caused to traverse,
and then to return into the chimney above the damper in the manner before
described.
We place a guard plate at the bottom of the chimney rising up the same a
sufficient distance to prevent, the descending current from interfering with the
flame, such guard plate forming a channel or passage open at top to the chimney,.
and at bottom to the space under the oven..
We also in such description of lamp stove, in addition to the two chimneys and
burners before referred to, extend the stove in width, and place one or more
burners intermediate thereof, with a corresponding chimney or chimneys passing
through the body of the stove or oven, and form an oven on each side of such
intermediate chimney or chimneys. The ovens are preferably entirely divided
from each other, and provided with separate doors. And in order to secure a
bottom heat for the ovens we cause some of the products of combustion and heated
air to pass from the side chimneys to the intermediate chimney or chimneys, or
vice versa, in similar manner to the arrangements herein before described.
In order to give a more cheerful appearance to a lamp stove used for warming
purposes we place the burner or burners near the back thereof and employ an open
reflector extending from the burner or burners to the lower front edge of the stove
or thereabouts, and in order to cause the light to be reflected in the desired manner
we place another reflector in suitable position above the open or exposed reflector
to receive and throw down on the latter the light from the burners, which is then
reflected outwards from the front of the stove. Sometimes in order to increase the
amount of light reflected from the burners we place at the back of the latter in
suitable position another reflector acting to throw a reflection of the light from the

page_text: burners on to the upper reflector. A sheet of coloured glass may be placed
between the reflectors to improve the appearance.
The open or exposed reflector may be of the ordinary fluted or corrugated
description, or the surface thereof may be more completely broken up.
The burners may however be otherwise placed, provided the light therefrom is
reflected in the manner described.
For cleaning purposes, and to enable the burner or burners to be readily lighted
from the front of the stove without removing the tank, which latter is preferably
introduced from the side, and at the same time to enable the chimney or combustion
chamber to be sealed off from the space in the front of the stove, we mount the
upper reflector and a transparent sealing plate, cover, or door on a slide so that
when in position the latter will fit against fixed parts and seal the chimney or
combustion chamber from the space in the front of the stove.
We also in warming stoves sometimes dispense with the reflectors and form the
sealing plate, cover, or door in imitation of an ordinary grate, and in such case we
carry the chimney in an inclined direction towards the upper portion of the front
of the stove, where it enters a chamber otherwise sealed off from the combustion
chamber and passes through tubes to a descending flue, at the outlet of which, in
order to purify the same the products of combustion are caused to pass over a pan
of water in close contact with the latter. Air is admitted into the lower part of
the upper chamber of the stove and passes out at the upper part thereof, by which
means the products of combustion are deprived of most of their heat before passing
away by the descending flue.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edward Alexander Rippingille and James Davey Rippingille in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd August 1881.
EDWARD ALEXANDER RIPPINGILLE and JAMES DAVEY RIPPINGILLE, both of
Aston-juxta-Birmingham, in the County of Warwick. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS
AND LAMP STOVES."
In the various Figures like parts are marked with similar letters of reference.
Our Invention relates, firstly, to means for indicating the height of oil in the metal
tanks or reservoirs of lamps and lamp stoves. This part of our Invention is
represented at Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4. For this purpose, according to the plan
shown at Figures 1 and 2, we mount in the top of the tank or reservoir a a piece
of glass b descending into the same, which glass may be in the form of a prism or
of an inverted cone or pyramid, as represented at Figures 1 and 2, either with
plain sides or with indentations or projections thereon. Such descending piece of
glass b may however be of other form, and it may be hollow or solid so long as it
clearly exhibits the height of oil in the tank or reservoir a. Or as shown at
Figure 3, a piece of flat glass b' may be mounted in the top of the tank or reservoir a,
in which case a fixed indicator 62, either inclined or vertical, will be placed in the
tank or reservoir a which by the light falling thereon through such plain glass b¹
will show the height of oil in the tank a; or as shown at Figure 4, the piece of plain
glass b may be dispensed with, and the indicator 62 fixed in such position as to be
readily visible through the filling orifice a¹ without interfering with the filling of
the tank or reservoir a. If desired the screw stopper a² may be provided with a
piece of glass in the top thereof to avoid the necessity for mounting a piece of glass
in an opening specially formed for it.
When using an indicator formed of a descending piece of glass of any form, one
side thereof may be silvered to reflect the light, or it may be roughened or other-
wise treated for such purpose; and instead of forming the same with grooves, as
shown at Figure 1, it may be formed with notches, or with globules or other small
projections fixed thereto, but a plain inclined surface to such glass fully answers the
purpose.
The glass indicator b, or the piece of flat glass b', when not mounted in the
screw stopper 2 may be fixed in the top of the tank a in any suitable manner,
but one method we have found to answer consists in rolling a strip of metal around
the edge of the glass, and in soldering such metal to the top of the tank or
reservoir.
The Invention also relates to that class of lamp stove described in the Specification
of Letters Patent granted to Edward Alexander Rippingille, dated February
sixteenth, One thousand eight hundred and eighty, No. 680, in which a chimney
passes through the oven at one or both sides thereof, or in which the chimney or
chimneys is or are formed against the side or sides thereof. This part of our
Invention, which is represented at Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, consists of
means whereby the bottom of the oven is more effectually heated than by the
arrangements described in said Specification, and by other arrangements heretofore
in use when not employing a burner directly under the oven. For this purpose
when only one chimney c is used we, according to the arrangement shown at
Figures 5, 6, and 7, form a channel or passage c' on one side thereof or around the
same, which channel or. passage c¹ is in communication at the top with the top of
the chimney c, and at the bottom with the space d' under the oven d. Alongside
the aforesaid channel or passage c' is another o², which extends only partly up the
chimney c, and is open at its lower end to the space d' under the oven d, and at

page_text: its upper part to the chimney c through the passage or opening c³. By these
means some of the products of combustion and heated air are drawn from the top
of the chimney e down the channel or passage c¹ in contact with the side and lower
part of the chimney c, by which they become further heated; they thence pass
into the space d' under the oven d to heat the latter, and by a division plate d²
in such space d' are caused to traverse from end to end thereof, after which they
pass by the second channel or passage c through the opening into the side of
the chimney c, and such opening c is placed at a sufficient beight to prevent injury
to combustion by the heated air and other products of combustion coming from the
channel or passage into the chimney c.
The products of combustion after heating the top of the oven d and any utensil
placed over the same, may be caused as heretofore to pass down a flue or channel e
at the side of the oven opposite to that on which the chimney is placed, or down a
flue at the back, but this forms no part of our present Invention. We would here
remark that instead of placing the channels or passages c', c², as shown in the
Drawings, they may be otherwise placed so long as they communicate with the
chimney c as above described. In cases where a chimney is employed at each side
of the oven, as represented at Figures 8 and 9, we cause some of the products of
combustion and heated air from the one chimney e to pass through a channel or
passage c¹ at one side thereof into the space d' under the oven d, as above described,
and after traversing entirely across such space d' they are caused to pass into a
channel or passage c² at one side of the second chimney c, whence they pass into
the latter at a suitable height to prevent injury to combustion, as before described.
The first mentioned chimney c may, as shown, be made somewhat shorter than the
second in order to give the latter greater power over the draft, and thereby more
fully secure the object desired, in which case, as shown at Figure 10, the products
of combustion to heat the bottom of the oven & may be drawn direct from the first
inentioned chimney into the space under the oven, and thence into the second
chimney c, and in order to prevent interference with the flames in such chimneys c
by the descending current in the one and the ascending current in the other, we
place a division plate c in each of such chimneys sufficiently high for such purpose,
and thereby form in the one chimney (say the left hand one) a channel or
passage c', and in the other (say the right hand one) a channel or passage c². The
additional height of the second chimney c may be formed by either a fixed or
removeable part rising above the top of the oven, as shown at Figure 10, or the
two chimneys may be formed of different lengths in the manner shown at Figure 8.
Or according to the arrangement represented at Figures 11, 12, and 13, some of
the products of combustion may be caused to pass direct from the chimney c to
the space d' under the oven by mounting in such chimney a damper c, which can
when desired be caused to partially throttle such chimney c, and thereby allow only
some of the products of combustion to pass away up the chimney, whilst some are
compelled to pass to the space d¹ under the oven, where they are caused by a
division plate d² to traverse from end to end thereof, and then to return through a
channel or passage into the chimney c above the damper c in the manner before
described. We place a guard plate c' at the bottom of the chimney, rising up the
saine a sufficient distance to prevent the descending current from interfering with
the flame, such guard plate c forming a channel or passage c¹ open at top to the
chimney, and at bottom to the space under the oven, as shown and as before
described with respect to Figure 10. This mode of diverting a portion of the
products of combustion by a damper c³, and causing the same to pass through the
space d' under the bottom of the oven d may also be applied to stoves provided
with a chimney at each side of the oven, by dispensing with the division plate d²,
and by mounting the damper and guard plate c in one chimney c, and by
connecting the channel or passage with the other chimney, as will be well
understood. We also in such description of lamp stove, in addition to the two
chimneys and burners before referred to, extend the stove iu width, as shown at
Figure 14, and place one or more burners e intermediate thereof with a corre-

page_text: •
sponding chimney or chimneys c passing through the body of the stove or oven,
and we form an oven d on each side of such intermediate chimney or chimneys c.
The ovens d are preferably entirely divided from each other, and provided with
separate doors; and in order to secure a bottom heat for the ovens we cause some
of the products of combustion and heated air to pass from the side chimneys c to
the intermediate chimney or chimneys c, or vice versa, in similar manner to any
of the arrangements hereinbefore described, the arrangement shown being of a
similar character to that shown and described with respect to Figures 8 and 9.
Our Invention also relates to means for giving a more cheerful appearance to a
lamp stove used for warming purposes. This part of our Invention is represented
at Figures 15 and 10. We place the burner or burners e near the back of the
stove, and employ an open reflector f extending from the burner or burners e to
the lower front edge of the stove, or thereabouts; and in order to cause the light
to be reflected in the desired manner we place another reflector g in suitable
position above the open or exposed reflector f to receive and throw down on the
reflector the light from the burner or burners, which is then reflected outwards
from the front of the stove. Sometimes, as shown at Figure 15, in order to
increase the amount of light reflected from the burner or burners, we plate at the
back of the latter in suitable position another reflector (shown by dotted lines)
acting to throw a reflection from the burners on to the upper reflector g. A sheet i
of colored glass (shown by dotted lines) may be placed between the reflectors g and h
to improve the appearance.
The open or exposed reflector f may be of the ordinary fluted or corrugated
description, or the surface thereof may be more completely broken up. The burner
or burners may be placed otherwise than as shown in the Drawings, provided the
light therefrom is reflected in the manner described.
Although in Figure 15 we have shown two burners e placed one at a higher
level than the other, in order to secure a greater breadth of light, a single burner
may be used if desired, as shown at Figure 16.
For cleaning purposes, and to enable the burner or burners to be readily lighted
from the front of the stove without removing the tank, which latter is preferably
introduced from the side, and at the same time to enable the chimney or com-
bustion chamber to be sealed off from the space in the front of the stove, we
sometimes, as shown at Figure 15, mount the upper reflector g and a transparent
sealing plate, cover, or door j on a slide or removeable frame, so that when in
position the latter will fit against fixed parts and seal the chimney or combustion
chamber from the space in the front of the stove.
When using a sheet of glass i, placed as shown by dotted lines, it may be so
fitted as to effect the sealing above described, in which case the cover or door j
may be dispensed with. The lamp stove shown at Figure 16 is of somewhat
similar construction to that shown at Figure 15, except that it has only one
burner e, and the reflector and sheet of colored glass i are dispensed with, whilst
the reflector g simply rests upon a seat g', and the transparent sealing plate, cover,
or door is held in position in vertical guides, the reflector and transparent
sealing plate, cover, or door j being placed in position from above. We also in
lamp stoves used for warming purposes sometimes dispense with the reflectors
f, g, and h, and form the sealing plate, cover, or door j in imitation of an ordinary
grate, as represented at Figures 17 and 18, which show respectively a vertical
section and a front elevation. In such case we carry the chimney c in an inclined
direction towards the upper portion of the front of the stove, where it opens into
a chamber otherwise sealed off from the combustion chamber; the products of
combustion are thereby led into such chamber %, from which they pass through
tubes to a descending flue m, at the outlet of which, in order to purify the
descending products of combustion, the latter are caused to pass over a pan n of
water in close contact with the latter.
The tubes pass through a chamber o at the upper part of the stove, and such
chamber o is provided with inlet openings o¹ and exit opening o², so that air

page_text: entering at the openings of shall become warmed by passing in contact with the
tubes, and then issue into the apartment through the openings of without
admixture with the products of combustion. By these means the products of
combustion are deprived of most of their heat before passing away by the
descending flue m. If desired the outlet of the descending flue may be carried
outside the apartment.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the mode in
which we carry the same into effect, we would have it understood that what
we claim is,―
First. The methods of indicating the height of oil in the metal tanks or
reservoirs of lamps and lamp stoves, substantially as herein shown and described
with respect to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4.
Second. The methods of. heating the bottoms of ovens of lamp stoves, sub-
stantially as herein shown and described with respect to Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, and 13.
Third. Constructing lamp stoves with one or more burners and chimneys inter-
mediate of the side burners, and forming an oven on each side of such intermediate
chimney or chimneys, substantially as herein shown and described with respect to
Figure 14.
Fourth. Constructing lamp stoves used for warming purposes, substantially as
herein shown and described with respect to Figures 15 and 16.
Fifth. The combination, in lamp stoves used for warming purposes, of an open
reflector with a burner or burners e placed at the back or upper edge of the
same, substantially as shown and described with respect to Figure 15 and 16,
and
Sixth. Constructing lamp stoves used for warming purposes, substantially as
herein shown and described with respect to Figures 17 and 18.
In witness whereof, we, the said Edward Alexander Rippingille and James
Davey Rippingille, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirtieth
day of July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty
one.
(L.S.)
ED. ALEXR. RIPPINGILLE.
JAMES DAVEY RIPPINGILLE. (L.S.)