Year: 1888

page_text: I, EDWARD SELDEN TOWNSEND KENNEDY, a citizen of the United States, residing
at 716 East 13th Street New York City, in the County of New York and State of
New York, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
"
"
This invention relates to radial-tube or porcupine steam-boilers of the kind
having a central cylinder or stand-pipe provided with radial water and steam tubes
and surrounded by a deflecting furnace and shell having deflecting plates at different
heights above the fire box. It also embraces certain improvements on the boiler
described in British Letters Patent granted to me September 28, 1886, No. 12,282.
The present improvements are more particularly in details of construction of the
stand-pipe and its immediate attachments, whereby the boiler is made much more
convenient, effective, and durable in operation, and whereby hot products of com-
bustion are more evenly and uniformly distributed around and between all the tubes
of the boiler, around the entire circumference of the stand-pipe, and injurious heat
currents in any one line are avoided, and consequently the wear upon the tubes made
uniform.
In making boilers of large size with stand-pipes of from twenty to forty-eight
inches diameter or more, the vertical riveted seains, necessarily used for joining the
edges of the iron plate to make the cylinder, interfered with the regular spacing and
setting of the radial tubes and an extra wide space was necessarily left between the
tubes along the line of this vertical seam. The seani extended from bottom to top of
the stand-pipe, and thus formed a direct flue-space up which currents of flame and
heated products would draw with great vigor, heating the tubes on either side to
excess and causing their rapid destruction, as the water was apt to be driven out of
them by the detrimentally high heat, while of course, the heat was drawn away from
other tubes and they did not properly perform their function, or do their share of
service. Tubes along the seam and flue space looked as though they had been heated
red hot and injured, while other tubes looked as though they had never been heated
Uneven circulation of water and diminished steaming capacity resulted from this
127

page_text: defective construction. In order to overcome these defects and objections, I construct
the stand-pipe of short cylindrical sections and rivet these sections together, so that
their vertical scams shall be turned one from the other successively from left to right
from one-quarter to one-third or one-half of the circumference of the stand-pipe and I
prefer that they shall be one-quarter of the circumference one from the other, so that
four scams in four successive sections shall complete the circle of the stand-pipe. I
do not, however, confine myself to any particular number of sections, as
the number will depend upon the height of the stand-pipe. Short seams and
spaces are thus made, and above each space, the tubes are set in close regular
order, and the heat thus uniformly distributed. The hot products that pass up one
short flue-space, come in contact with the close-set tubes above, where much of their
heat is absorbed before they reach another flue space, and the operation is repeated to
the top of the boiler.
My invention embraces other features of construction which will be pointed out
in the detail description, referring by letter to the drawings; and the matter con-
stituting my invention will be defined in the claims.
In accompanying drawings, Figure 1, represents a vertical section of my radial-tube
or porcupine boiler, properly set in its furnace. Figure 2, represents a detached
perspective view of the stand-pipe, with parts broken away, and showing the
cylindrical sections with vertical seams arranged at quarter arcs one from the
other. Figure 3, represents an enlarged detail view of the base of furnace and
stand-pipe.
The furnace and shell A, of the boiler, are built of brick and lined a sufficient height
with fire-brick, mounted upon a foundation W. The shell is provided with numerous
sight openings and doors u, and is surmounted by a suitable hood and smoke stack.
A fire chamber C, and an ash-pit D, are provided in the lower part of the furnace,
walls, and the fire-chamber is provided, near its top, with brick deflector c, as shown.
Iron deflecting plates c' project inward at different heights from the walls above.
The stand-pipe B, is composed of cylindrical sections 1, 2, 3, 4, &c., as shown. It
is provided with a flanged and dished lower head I, riveted to the cylindrical portion,
and the walls of the cylinder extend down and rest upon the circular cast-iron
foundation plate i, which is located upon the supplementary brick foundation n,
'composed of one course of brick, which prevents water in the ash-pit from coming in
contact with the iron of boiler. The inclined brick o, prevents water from leaving
ash pit and makes removal of ashes more convenient. The usual fire and ash doors a, a¹
are provided.
By reference to figure 2, the short cylindrical sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, of the stand-
pipe may be seen, with their vertical riveted seams N¹ N2 N3 N1 and N arranged at
quarter arcs of the circumference of the cylinders one from the other successively
.from left to right. As shown by the holes, the tubes are inserted in close order, with
regular spaces above and below, so that the flue spaces made by the tubes on each
side of the seams extend but a short distance, and that hot products are therefore well
distributed around the entire circumference of the stand-pipe and in contact with all
the tubes. The stand-pipe has secured in it the wrought inetal tubes b, having the
metal at their outer ends closed and welded upon itself; so as to form a seamless,
hemispherical end of thickened metal, possessing great strength and durability. These
tubes are protected by a separate British Patent, granted to me Aug. 27, 1887,
.No. 11,673. The stand-pipe at top, is provided with a peculiar arrangement of
steam-drying tubes and steam-discharge pipe, claimed in another British Patent
No. 1273, January 29, 1885. The lower end of the stand pipe forms a mud drum, L,
(see figure 3) which receives the sediment from the currents of the circulating water
above, and is provided with a man-hole K, and properly secured plate K having
handle. This man-hole affords access to the stand-pipe for expanding the tubes
in their holes and afterward for inspecting the tubes and cleaning them and the
stand-pipe and removing deposits from the mud-drum. The feed pipe to, connects
with the stand pipe just below the plate, and extends. out through the brick wall of
the furnace. The blow-off pipe y, passes into the stand-pipe just below the grate, and

page_text: its inner end is bent down to near the bottom of the mud-drum. At a suitable height
above the floor of the ash-pit, a ledge d, is formed in the brick furnace wall and
covered by a cast-iron plate and at the same height, the stand-pipe has riveted to it,
the wrought-iron brackets h, which support the wrought-iron ring H. This ring is
sufficiently large to set out from the stand-pipe and leave a clear annular space
between the two, as shown in the drawings, for circulation of air, whereby burning
and injury of the stand-pipe by excessive heat at this point, is prevented. The ledge
and ring support the outer and inner ends e, el of grate bars E. The grate surface
is circular in form and in large boilers extends entirely around the stand-pipe. The
water column pipe, connects below the grate with stand-pipe, and at the junction
of the horizontal and vertical portion, is connected a three-way valve t, from which
leads a discharge pipe ', into the ash-pit.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a radial-tube boiler, the stand-pipe composed of cylindrical sections, having
their vertical riveted seams in adjacent sections placed at lateral intervals one
from the other, amounting to from one-fourth to one-half of the circumference of the
cylinders, as and for the purpose described.
2. In a radial-tube boiler, the stand-pipe composed of short cylindrical sections riveted
together in such manner that the vertical riveted seams of adjacent sections shall
extend in different vertical lines at suitable distances apart, whereby the radial-tubes
may be arranged and spaced in the successive sections, so as to divert and distribute
the heated currents around the stand-pipe.
3. In a radial-tube boiler, the stand-pipe composed of short cylindrical sections
connected together, and the vertical seams of adjacent sections placed at quarter arcs
of the circumference distant one from the other, as and for the purpose described.
4. In combination with a stand-pipe, resting upon the floor of the ash-pit, the
brackets, riveted thereto and ring H, of larger diameter than the stand-pipe, so as
to provide an annular space between the two, and resting on the brackets for
supporting the inner ends of the grate bars.
5. In combination with a radial tube boiler, the furnace walls having a ledge d,
at the top of the ash-pit the brackets h, riveted to the stand-pipe, and ring H, of
larger diameter than the stand-pipe, resting on the brackets for supporting the
circular grate.
6. In combination with a radial-tube boiler, the central supplementary brick
foundation rising above the floor of the ash-pit, and foundation plate i, for supporting
the lower end of the stand-pipe above the floor of the ash-pit, and preventing injury
thereof by water on the ash-pit floor.
בז'
L
11 1
2
1000

page_text: I, EDWARD SELDEN TOWNSEND KENNEDY, a citizen of the United States, residing
at 716 East 13th Street New York City, in the County of New York and State of
New York, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
32
This invention relates to radial-tube or porcupine steam-boilers of the kind
having a central cylinder or stand-pipe provided with radial water and steam tubes
and surrounded by a deflecting furnace and shell having deflecting plates at different
heights above the fire box. It also embraces certain improvements on the boiler
described in British Letters Patont granted to me September 28, 1886, No. 12,282.
The present improvements are more particularly in details of construction of the
stand-pipe and its immediate attachments, whereby the boiler is made much more
convenient, effective, and durable in operation, and whereby hot products of com-
bustion are more evenly and uniformly distributed around and between all the tubes
of the boiler, around the entire circumference of the stand-pipe,. and injurious heat
currents in any one line are avoided, and consequently the wear upon the tubes made
uniform.
In making boilers of large size with stand-pipes of from twenty to forty-eight
inches diameter or more, the vertical riveted seains, necessarily used for joining the
edges of the iron plate to make the cylinder, interfered with the regular spacing and
setting of the radial tubes and an extra wide space was necessarily left between tho
tubes along the line of this vertical seam. The seam extended from bottom to top of
the stand-pipe, and thus formed a direct flue-space up which currents of flame and
heated products would draw with great vigor, heating the tubes on either side to
excess and causing their rapid destruction, as the water was apt to be driven out of
them by the detrimentally high heat, while of course, the heat was drawn away from
other tubes and they did not properly perform their function, or do their share of
service. Tubes along the seam and flue space looked as though they had been heated
red hot and injured, while other tubes looked as though they had never been heated
Uneven circulation of water and diminished steaming capacity resulted from this

page_text: defective construction. In order to overcome these defects and objections, I construct
the stand-pipe of short cylindrical sections and rivet these sections together, so that
their vertical seams shall be turned one from the other successively from left to right
from one-quarter to one-third or one-half of the circumference of the stand-pipe and I
prefer that they shall be one-quarter of the circumference one from the other, so that
four seams in four successive sections shall complete the circle of the stand-pipe. I
do not, however, confine myself to any particular number of sections, as
the number will depend upon the height of the stand-pipe. Short seams and
spaces are thus made, and above each space, the tubes are set in close regular
order, and the heat thus uniformly distributed. The hot products that pass up one
short flue-space, come in contact with the close-set tubes above, where much of their
lieat is absorbed before they reach another flue space, and the operation is repeated to
the top of the boiler.
My invention embraces other features of construction which will be pointed out
in the detail description, referring by letter to the drawings; and the matter con-
stituting my invention will be defined in the claims.
In accompanying drawings, Figure 1, represents a vertical section of my radial-tube
or porcupine boiler, properly set in its furnace. Figure 2, represents a detached
perspective view of the stand-pipe, with parts broken away, and showing the
cylindrical sections with vertical seams arranged at quarter arcs
other. Figure 3, represents an enlarged detail view of the base of furnace and
stand-pipe.
one from the
The furnace and shell A, of the boiler, are built of brick and lined a sufficient height
with fire-brick, mounted upon a foundation W. The shell is provided with numerous
sight openings and doors u, and is surmounted by a suitable hood and smoke stack.
A fire chamber C, and an ash-pit D, are provided in the lower part of the furnace
.walls, and the fire-chamber is provided, near its top, with brick deflector c, as shown.
Iron deflecting plates c' project inward at different heights from the walls above.
The stand-pipe B, is composed of cylindrical sections 1, 2, 3, 4, &c., as shown. It
is provided with a flanged and dished lower head I, riveted to the cylindrical portion,
and the walls of the cylinder extend down and rest upon the circular cast-iron
foundation plate i, which is located upon the supplementary brick foundation n,
composed of one course of brick, which prevents water in the ash-pit from coming in
contact with the iron of boiler. The inclined brick o, prevents water from leaving
ash pit and makes removal of ashes more convenient. The usual fire and ash doors a, a'
are provided.
By reference to figure 2, the short cylindrical sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, of the stand-
pipe may be seen, with their vertical riveted seams N N N N and N arranged at
quarter arcs of the circumference of the cylinders one from the other successively
from left to right. As shown by the holes, the tubes are inserted in close order, with
regular spaces above and below, so that the flue spaces made by the tubes on each
side of the seams extend but a short distance, and that hot products are therefore well
distributed around the entire circumference of the stand-pipe and in contact with all
the tubes. The stand-pipe bas secured in it the wrought inetal tubes b, having the
metal at their outer ends closed and welded upon itself, so as to form a seamless,
hemispherical end of thickened metal, possessing great strength and durability. These
tubes are protected by a separate British Patent, granted to me Aug. 27, 1887,
No. 11,673. The stand-pipe at top, is provided with a peculiar arrangement of
steam-drying tubes and steam-discharge pipe, claimed in another British Patent
No. 1273, January 29, 1885. The lower end of the stand pipe forms a mud drum, L,
(see figure 3) which receives the sediment from the currents of the circulating, water
above, and is provided with a man-hole K, and properly secured plate K¹ having
handle. This man-hole affords access to the stand-pipe for expanding the tubes
in their holes and afterward for inspecting the tubes and cleaning them and the
stand-pipe and removing deposits from the mud-druun. The feed pipe w, connects
with the stand pipe just below the plate, and extends out through the brick wall of
the furnace, The blow-off pipe.y, passes into the stand-pipe just below the grate, and

page_text: its inner end is bent down to near the bottom of the mud-drum. At a suitable height
above the floor of the ash-pit, a ledge d, is formed in the brick furnace wall and
covered by a cast-iron plate and at the same height, the stand-pipe has riveted to it,
the wrought-iron brackets h, which support the wrought-iron ring H. This ring is
sufficiently large to set out from the stand-pipe and leave a clear annular space
between the two, as shown in the drawings, for circulation of air, whereby burning
and injury of the stand-pipe by excessive heat at this point, is prevented. The ledge
and ring support the outer and inner ends e, e¹ of grate bars E. The grate surface
is circular in form and in large boilers extends entirely around the stand-pipe. The
water column pipe e, connects below the grate with stand-pipe, and at the junction
of the horizontal and vertical portion, is connected a three-way valvo t, from which
leads a discharge pipe a¹, into the ash-pit.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a radial-tube boiler, the stand-pipe composed of cylindrical sections, having
their vertical riveted scams in adjacent sections placed at lateral intervals one
from the other, amounting to from one-fourth to one-half of the circumference of the
cylinders, as and for the purpose described.
2. In a radial-tube boiler, the stand-pipe composed of short cylindrical sections riveted
together in such manner that the vertical riveted seams of adjacent sections shall
extend in different vertical lines at suitable distances apart, whereby the radial-tubes
may be arranged and spaced in the successive sections, so as to divert and distribute
the heated currents around the stand-pipe.
3. In a radial-tube boiler, the stand-pipe composed of short cylindrical sections
connected together, and the vertical seams of adjacent sections placed at quarter ares
of the circumference distant one from the other, as and for the purpose described.
4. In combination with a stand-pipe, resting upon the floor of the ash-pit, the
brackets h, riveted thereto and ring H, of larger diameter than the stand-pipe, so as
to provide an annular space between the two, and resting on the brackets for
supporting the inner ends of the grate bars.
5. In combination with a radial tube boiler, the furnace walls having a ledge d
at the top of the ash-pit the brackets h, riveted to the stand-pipe, and ring H, of
larger diameter than the stand-pipe, resting on the brackets for supporting the
circular grate.
6. In combination with a radial-tube boiler, the central supplementary brick
foundation rising above the floor of the ash-pit, and foundation plate i, for supporting
the lower end of the stand-pipe above the floor of the ash-pit, and preventing injury
thereof by water on the ash-pit floor.
1000
1