Improvements in Cutters or Tools for Metal or Wood Working.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 26th July, 1890-Accepted, 25th Oct., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cutters or Tools for Metal or Wood Working.
I ALFRED MARTIN of No. 23 Bridge Terrace Lower Woolwich Road East
Greenwich in the County of Kent Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object improvements in cutters or tools for metal or wood
working whereby a cheap and effective tool is constructed and at the same time it is
so arranged that the chips or cuttings are carried away during the process of the
work.
One example of my invention consists in constructing two or more discs of metal
or wood having formed in the face thereof one two or more circular or other shaped
holes or perforations which may be either drilled or otherwise formed in the face of
the discs, these holes or perforations are formed at suitable distances around and within
a short distance of the periphery of the discs which is then cut away from the circum-
ference in a line with the centre thereof by any desired means thus leaving a kind of
dovetail for the reception of the cutting or plaining tool which corresponds in shape
to the openings formed in the discs or mandrels. The said cutting tool is made of a
length according to the work required to be done and is fitted into the grooves formed
in the discs or mandrels from either end the distance between the discs is regulated
by means of blocking or set up pieces or washers passing over the disc shaft and
between the discs which are then bolted or otherwise secured firmly together. Thus
a cutting or plaining tool may be formed in an effective cheap and efficient manner to
suit any required size of work. Sufficient space being left between the cutting edge
of the tool and the disc or mandrel, it allows of all dust or chips from the material
being acted upon to be carried away during the process of the work.
In order that my invention may be properly understood and readily carried into
practice I will now proceed to describe the same more fully aided by the accompanying
drawings and the letters and figures of reference marked thereon."
Figures 1 and 2 represent respectively front and side views of a disc or mandrel
forming part of and constructed according to my invention having a cutting tool fixed
in one of the slots.
Figures 3. 4 and 5 are views of three examples of cutting tools constructed in one
piece and according to my invention.
The mandrels or cutter holders a al having the perforations dovetails or slots b for
the reception of the cutter c are mounted on the shaft d the cutter or cutters c
is or are inserted in the slots 6 and may be so shaped as to work in either
direction a suitable key way e is cut in the under side of the cutter c for the
purpose of holding the two mandrels a a' firmly together in preference by means
of the blocking up pieces ƒ ƒ ƒ fitting therein or they may be bolted together if
desired.
It will thus be seen without further description that a planer or cutter for
either wood or metal may be constructed in a very simple manner and at the
same time there is sufficient space left between the mandrel and the cutting edges
of the cutter c to allow of the clearing away of the chips or cuttings without
stopping the work and without clogging the tools.
For small work such as end boring moulding rabbeting grooving, tongueing
dowelling the tools shewn in Figures 3, 4 and 5 are most effective they may be
either constructed in one piece as shewn or in several pieces but always having the
groove formed therein for instance the shank g may be in one piece and the cutters c
made in different sizes and screwed or otherwise secured to the shank however
by the aid of the foregoing description and the accompanying drawings other methods
I Price bd1

page_text: of forming cutting tools for wood or metal working will readily suggest themselves
to persons skilled in that particular class of work.
I also wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to the exact shape
of the dovetails or perforations as other shapes may be used with good effect
without departing from the nature of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The construction and arrangement of cutters or tools for metal or wood
working purposes of the discs or mandrels having-perforations or dovetails through
the face thereof for the reception of the cutters, said cutters and mandrels being
firmly secured together by means of keys bolts or their equivalents substantially
as herein described and shown in the accompanying drawings.
2. The construction and arrangement of cutters or tools in one piece having
a slot formed at or near the point thereof to allow of the chips or cuttings to
pass away as the work proceeds substantially as herein described and shewn.
Dated this 26th day of July 1800
ALFRED MARTIN.