Improvements in Pottery Kilns or Ovens.
Year: 1898

page_text: We, REGINALD FEWSON AYRE and CRAVEN DUNNILL & Co. LIMITED, all of
The Jackfield Encaustic Tile and Ceramic Works, Jackfield, in the County of
Salop, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:
This invention relates to the construction of kilns or ovens applicable to firing
earthenware, china, tiles, and other clay goods, the chief object of the said inven-
tion being to obtain a more even distribution of heat in the oven chamber than
heretofore thus making it possible to produce goods of equal and even quality and
also to reduce the time taken in firing thereby economizing fuel and effecting a
consequent reduction of cost.
In carrying out our invention we arrange in conjunction with each furnace a
pair of flues one of which encircles the oven chamber and the other flue partially
encircles the said chamber, both of the said flues being in direct communication
with the furnace, whilst only one of them is in direct communication with the
chimney.
The two flues are advantageously so constructed that part of the furnace gases
passes through one flue, up the front of the oven chamber over the top, down the
back and under the bottom to an opening which communicates with the second
flue. The second flue communicates directly with the furnace, the furnace gases
which enter this second flue passing below the floor of the oven chamber and
mingling with the gases from the first flue the combined gases from both flues
thence passing up the back of the said chamber to the chimney.
By this arrangement of flues there is for all practical purposes an equal amount
of heat in the two flues thus permitting of the oven chamber being uniformly
heated.
Improvements in Pottery Kilns or Ovens.
We, REGINALD FEWSON AYRE and CRAVEN DUNNILL & Co. LIMITED, all of
The Jackfield Encaustic Tile and Ceramic Works, Jackfield, in the County of
Salop, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
[Price 8d.]

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement;―
This invention relates to the construction of kilns or ovens applicable to firing
earthenware, china, tiles and other clay goods, the chief object of the said inven-
tion being to obtain a more even distribution of heat in the oven chamber than
heretofore thus making it possible to produce goods of equal and even quality and
also to reduce the time taken in firing thereby economizing fuel and effecting a
consequent reduction of cost.
In carrying out our invention we arrange in conjunction with each furnace a
pair of flues one of which encircles the oven chamber and the other flue partially
encircles the said chamber, both of the said flues being in direct communication
with the furnace, whilst only one of them is in direct communication with the
chimney.
To enable our invention to be fully understood we will describe the same by
reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:-
Figure 1 is a front elevation of so much of a kiln or oven as is necessary to illus-
trate the arrangement of flues in accordance with our invention:
Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 Figure 1; and
Figure 3 is a section on the line 3-3 Figure 2.
a is the oven proper, b is the wall enclosing the said oven, c is the furnace,
dande are the flues surrounding the oven and in connection with the furnace
through the throats and respectively and f is the chimney flue.
The flue d is so constructed that the gases which enter the same through the
throat pass under the oven and up the back over the top and down the front
to the chimney flue f, as indicated by the arrows 1, 1 Figures 2 and 3. The flue e
is so constructed that the furnace gases which enter the same through the throat e¹
pass up the front, over the top, down the back and under the oven to an opening g
(Figure 2) between the flues d and e, as indicated by the arrows 2, 2, Figures 2
and 3, whence they enter the flue where they mingle with the gases flowing
through the said flue from the furnace and pass with them to the chimney.
With this arrangement it will be understood that the heat from the furnace
is more evenly distributed than when the whole of the furnace gases pass around
the oven in the same direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
1. A pottery kiln or oven wherein the gases of combustion are divided as they
leave the furnace, the different portions passing around the oven proper in different
directions, substantially as described.
2. A pottery kiln or oven having the flues arranged substantially in the manner
hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying drawing for the pur-
pose specified.
ted the 25th day of October 1898.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicants.