IMPROVEMENTS IN MARINE AND OTHER STEAM BOILERS, AND IN SETTING THE SAME.
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Dickinson, Engine Builder, and Charles
.
Mace, Engineer, both of Sunderland, in the County of Durham,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MARINE AND OTHER STEAM
BOILERS, AND IN SETTING THE SAME.
"
Scaled the 11th May 1875, and dated the 12th March 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Dickinson and
Charles Mace at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 12th March 1875.
WO, JOHN DICKINSON, Engine Builder, and CHARLES MACE, Engineer,
both of Sunderland, in the County of Durham, do hereby declare tho
naturo of the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN MARINE AND OTHER
STEAM BOILERS, AND IN SETTING THE SAME," to be as follows:
:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in marino and other
steam boilers, and in setting the same.
The boiler consists of two or it might be more cylinders placed one
above the other, and secured together at each of their ends by being

page_text: rivetted to a tube plate either in one piece or in two or more picces
secured together so as to form one plate. The space between the
cylinders is enclosed by two curved longitudinal plates applied against
the sides of the two cylinders, one on each side, and the two plates are
stayed or strengthened by transverse tie rods. Connecting passages are
also formed between the cylinders where they meet together, thus
forming the two cylinders into one boiler capable of sustaining a high
pressure. The connecting passages between the two cylinders are
strengthened by angle iron placed around them where they are joined to
the cylinders. Joint plates are also applied to cach of the cylinders
around the apertures formed in them to obtain sufficient strength to
resist all bursting strain.
The tie rods which connect the two side plates before mentioned pass
between the passages which connect the cylinders. Where the cylinders
meet together they might if preferred be connected by means of flanges
projecting inwards around the openings in each, the flanges being
rivetted together with rings between them.
Through cach of the cylinders are passed a number of tubes carried by
the tube plates. In the centre of each a vertical space is left free from
tubes for the purpose of allowing a man to pass along them, and give
casy access for cleaning the tubes and tube plates, and also for allowing
the generated steam to pass unobstructedly from the lower to the upper
cylinder. In order to support the boiler the lower cylinder is formed
with water tubes or trunnions projecting from its sides; these are
received into cast iron or other carriages supported by the frame which
forms the furnace.
The construction of the dome may be varied, and it may be attached
to the boiler either vertically or horizontally by neck picces. Boilers
constructed as above described may be placed either back to back or side
by side, as preferred. Each boiler is mounted upon a frame of wrought
or cast iron built on a platform prepared for it, and securely fastened to
the ship's floor or frames, and when the boilers are placed back to back
or side by side the frames are tied together at their base by a hollow box
or girder, which answers the double purpose of strengthening the frames
and of forming an aperture in which to lay a horizontal pipe, called by
us a mud pipe or sediment collector, it being connected by a sludge pipe
and valve to a conical iron pipe rivetted to the bottom of the lower

page_text: cylinder of the boiler. This pipe is intended to prevent as much as
possible sediment depositing on the bottom of the lower cylinder. A
cock or valve bolted to either end of the mud pipe will form an easy
mode of sludging or blowing off sediment from the boilers.
The framework of malleable or cast iron is lined with fire-brick or
other suitable material, and the brickwork forming the lining is formed
with air courses so that air can circulate between the bricks and the iron
plating which forms the main frame or support for the boiler.
The whole of the boiler bottom may be exposed to the action of the
fire, whilst a horizontal enclosure of brickwork or other suitable material
is placed either above or below the water trunnions before mentioned,
and forms the floor or bottom for the upper or return flue, whereby the
flame, after leaving the grate and travelling to combustion chamber at
the opposite end of the boiler, returns along the sides of the boiler as
well as through the tubes in it; from thence it passes to the smoke
box, and over the top of the boiler to the chimney or flue. By this
means the whole of the surface of the boiler shell or nearly so is sub-
jected to the same heat as that passing through the tubes, thereby
avoiding any tendency of one part of the boiler expanding more than
another, as all parts are heated to the same uniform temperature, and by
these means the liability to leakage is diminished.
The walls of the side and top flues are composed of angle iron and T
bars, fire-brick or other suitable material being used to fill up the spaces.
These walls are made in four or more sections that they may be removed
singly by this means the whole or any part of the boiler may be
exposed for examination or repairs, or the one boiler may be removed
from its seat altogether without interfering with the other boiler in any
way, as they are made totally independent of cach other by shutting
steam, feed, and sludge valves which are attached to cach, and when the
boiler is replaced the sections of fluc walls may at once be replaced,
having sustained no injury by their removal.
Provision is made to tie the side walls together across the top of
boiler by allowing the T bar of each section to project a little above the

page_text: causing the whole of the heated air from the tubes and flues to pass
over the top of boilers, thereby using the heat to its fullest extent, and
protecting the boiler from the cooling influence of the atmosphere.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
r
filed by the said John Dickinson and Charles Mace in the Great
Scal Patent Office on the 11th September 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, Jonn
DICKINSON, Engine Builder, and CHARLES MACE, Engineer, both of
Sunderland, in the County of Durham, send grecting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto us, the said John Dickinson and Charles
Mace, Her special license, that we, the said John Dickinson and Charles
Mace, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said John Dickinson and Charles Mace, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to timo and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MARINE AND OTHER
STEAM BOILERS, AND IN SETTING THE SAME," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said John Dickinson and Charles Macc, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or
their hands and seals, or under the hand and scal of one of us or them,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Dickinson and Charles

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in marine and other
steam boilers, and in setting the same.
The boiler consists of two, or it might be more cylinders placed one
above the other, and secured together at each of their ends by being
rivetted to a tube plate, either in one piece or in two or more pieces
secured together so as to form one plate. The space between the
cylinders is enclosed by two curved longitudinal plates applied against
the sides of the two cylinders, one on each side, and the two plates are
stayed or strengthened by transverse tie rods. Connecting passages are
also formed between the cylinders where they meet together, thus
forming the two cylinders into one boiler capable of sustaining a high
pressure. The connecting passages between the two cylinders are
strengthened by angle iron placed around them where they are joined to
the cylinders. Joint plates are also applied to each of the cylinders
around the apertures formed in them to obtain sufficient strength to
resist all bursting strain.
The tie rods which connect the two side plates before mentioned pass
between the passages which connect the cylinders. Where the cylinders
meet together they might if preferred be connected by means of a
flanged gusset plate.
Through each of the cylinders are passed a number of tubes carried
by the tube plates; in the centre of cach a vertical space is left free
from tubes for the purpose of allowing a man to pass along them and
give easy access for cleaning the tubes and tube plates, and also for
allowing the generated steam to pass unobstructedly from the lower to
the upper cylinder. In order to support the boiler the lower cylinder is
formed with water tubes or trunnions projecting from its sides; these
are received into cast iron or other carriages supported by the frame
which forms the furnace.
The construction of the dome may be varied, and it may be attached
to the boiler either vertically or horizontally by neck pieces. Boilers
constructed as above described may be placed either back to back or side
by side as preferred. Each boiler is mounted upon a frame of wrought
or cast iron built on a platform prepared for it, and securely fastened to

page_text: the ship's floor or frames, and when the boilers are placed back to back
or side by side the frames are tied together at their base by a hollow box
or girder, which answers the double purpose of strengthening the frames
and of forming an aperture in which to lay a horizontal pipe, called by
us a mud pipe or sediment collector, it being connected by a sludge
pipe and valve to a conical iron pipe rivetted to the bottom of the lower
cylinder of the boiler; this pipe is intended to prevent as much as
possible sediment depositing on the bottom of the lower cylinder. A
cock or valve bolted to either end of the mud pipe will form an easy
mode of sludging or blowing off sediment from the boilers.
The framework of malleable or cast iron is lined with fire-brick or
other suitable material, and the brickwork forming the lining is formed
with air courses, so that air can circulate between the bricks and the
iron plating which forms the main frame or support for the boiler.
The whole of the boiler bottom may be exposed to the action of tho
fire, whilst a horizontal enclosure of brickwork or other suitable material
is placed either above or below the water trunnions before mentioned,
and forms the floor or bottom for the upper or return fluc, whereby the
flame after leaving the grate and travelling to combustion chamber at
the opposite end of the boiler returns along the sides of the boiler as
well as through the tubes in it. From thence it passes to the smoke
box and over the top of the boiler to the chimney or flue. By this
means the whole of the surface of the boiler shell, or nearly so, is sub-
jected to the same heat as that passing through the tubes, thereby
avoiding any tendency of one part of the boiler expanding more than
another, as all parts are heated to the same uniform temperature, and by
these means the liability to leakage is diminished.
The walls of the side and top flues are composed of angle iron and
T shaped bars, firc-brick or other suitable material being used to fill up
the spaces. These walls are made in four or more sections that they may
be removed singly; by this means the whole or any part of the boiler may
be exposed for examination or repairs, or the one boiler may be removed
from its seat altogether without interfering with the other boiler in any
way, as they are made totally independent of each other by shutting
steam, feed, and sludge valves which are attached to cach, and when the
boiler is replaced the sections of flue walls may at once be replaced,
having sustained no injury by their removal,

page_text: Provision is made to tie the side walls together across the top of
boiler by allowing the T bar of each section to project a littlo above
the wall.
The smoke box and air casing are bolted to a strong angle iron bar
which is also bolted to main frame at back, front, and along the top,
causing the whole of the heated air from the tubes and flues to pass over
the top of boilers, thereby using the heat to its fullest extent and pro-
tecting the boiler from the cooling influence of the atmosphere.
In order that our improvements may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, we have shewn in the Drawings hereunto annexed
examples of steam boilers constructed and set according to our In-
vention.
Figures 1, 2, and 3, show various views of a pair of steam boilers
constructed as above described, and combined together end to end.
Figures 5 and 6 shew a pair of similar boilers placed together side by
side.
Figures 7, 8, and 9 shew views of a modified way of connecting the
boilers together, the connection being made in this case by means of
flanged gusset plates.
Figure 1 is an end elevation, partly in section; Figure 2, a side
elevation, partly in section; Figure 3, a horizontal section taken through
furnace; Figure 4, a horizontal section taken through connections and
bottom boiler; Figuro 5, an end clevation, partly in section; Figure 6, a
plan in section; Figure 7, end view in section; Figure 8, plan in section,
and Figure 9, a longitudinal section.
In these Figures A is the chimney; B, the boilers; O, connecting
passages between the boilers; D, steam domes; E, smoke box casing;
F, water trunnions for carrying boilers; G, girders for carrying boilers;
H, furnaces; I, brickwork lining; J, fire-bars; K, bridge; L, circular
girder for carrying bridge; M, sludge pipes; N, recess for sludge pipes;
O, sludge valves; P, brickwork casing; Q, angle irons for fastening
brickwork; R, feed valves; S, internal feed pipe; T, circulating pipe.
Having now described the nature of our several improvements and
illustrated by Drawings the manner in which we carry them into effect,
wo would have it understood that we claim,-

page_text: First. The construction of marine and other steam boilers, substantially
as hercin-before described.
Secoud. The combined construction and setting of steam boilers, sub-
stantially as hercin-before described.
Third. The manner of constructing the outer casing or setting of steam 5
boiler furnaces, substantially as herein-before described.
Fourth. The manner of supporting steam boilers by what are herein
called water trunnions, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Dickinson and Charles Mace,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Ninth day of 1
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-five.
JOHN DICKINSON. (L.S.)
CHARLES MACE. (L.S.)