IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS AND OTHER LAMPS, AND IN REFLECTORS FOR SAME."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William John Brewer, of Bombay, in the Empire of
India, Civil Engineer, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS AND
OTHER LAMPS, AND IN REFLECTORS FOR SAME."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William John Brewer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th April 1881.
WILLIAM JOHN BREWER, of Bombay, in the Empire of India, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS AND OTHER LAMPS, AND IN REFLECTORS FOR SAME."
My Invention is designed to properly diffuse the rays of any description of lamp
by means of an improved arrangement of reflectors, and for the prevention of
injury to such reflectors from their proximity to a hot flame by means of the device
hereinafter specified.
Whereas in Letters Patent, No. 2617, dated 26th June 1880, granted to my agent
on my behalf, I specified a combination of reflectors in the form of inverted truncated
cones (the light being situate near the apex), whose sides, both outer and inner, are
or may be corrugated and bright, together with an upper series of reflectors (of
similar and other forms specified) to divert rays of light passing through the hole
in the lower reflector above the light, and adjustable curtain reflectors and side
reflectors.
I now in addition to the said reflectors, and beneath the said truncated cone I
employ one or more pairs of reflectors, curved or straight, as may be desired, and
fixed or hinged at either the lamp, or outer end, or at both ends.
These reflectors may be bright on one or both sides, and either plain or
corrugated.
For the better preservation of the reflectors, and to obviate injury to them from
their proximity to a hot flame, I. fit over their faces a sheet of ordinary glass, which
may or not be curved and leave space between the glass and the face of the reflector
for the passage of a current of air which may be. led up the lamp chimney. The
edges may be protected by wire gauze or other convenient means to prevent the
entry of dust. I further place between the silvered back of the mirror and the
metal backing blotting paper, previously well covered with chalk, or where a
double mirror is employed I place it between the backs of the mirrors.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William John Brewer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th October 1881.
WILLIAM JOHN BREWER, of Bombay, in the Empire of India, Civil Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS AND OTHER LAMPS, AND IN REFLECTORS FOR SAME."
My Invention is designed to properly diffuse the rays of any description of lamp
by means of an improved arrangement of reflectors and for the prevention of
injury to such reflectors from their proximity to a hot flame by means of the
device hereinafter specified.
Whereas under Letters Patent, No 2617, dated 26th June, 1880, granted to my
agent on my behalf, I specified a combination of reflectors in the form of inverted
truncated cones or half cones (the light being situate near the apex), whose sides,
both outer and inner, are or may be corrugated and bright, together with an upper
series of reflectors (of similar and other forms specified) to divert rays of light
passing through the hole in the lower reflector above the light, and adjustable
curtain reflectors and side reflectors.
I now in addition to said reflectors, and beneath the said truncated cone, employ
one or more pairs of reflectors, curved or straight, as may be desired, and fixed or
hinged at either the lamp or outer end, or at both ends.
These reflectors may be bright on one or both sides, and either plane or
corrugated.
For the better preservation of the reflectors, and to obviate injury to them from
their proximity to a hot flame, I fit over their faces a sheet of glass, which may or
not be curved, and leave space between the glass and the face of the reflectors for
the passage of a current of air, which may be led up the lamp chimney or allowed
to escape. The edges may be protected by wire gauze or other convenient means
to prevent the entry of dust. I further place between the silvered back of the
mirror and the metal backing blotting paper previously well covered with chalk, or
where a double mirror is employed I place it between the backs of the mirrors.
For the better understanding of my Invention, and that the same may be carried
more easily into effect, I now proceed to describe the Drawings herewith, reference
being had to the letters and figures marked thereon.
Fig. 1 represents an ordinary street lamp in sectional elevation; Fig. 2 represents
the same in sectional plan through a, a.
A, A, is an inverted cone truncated at B, so as to allow of the passage upwards
of the heated air and products of combustion from the light C. The cone A is
shown with mirrors on its outer and inner sides. An upper and similar truncated
cone reflector is shown at D to divert rays of light passing through the hole in the
lower reflector; E, E, and F, F, are curtain or side reflectors, which are shown
at E, E, to be adjustable by means of a rod and rack G, though other suitable
contrivance may be used; H, H, are my curved reflectors (shown in the sectional
plan both curved and straight), and which are fixed or hinged at either or both
ends, and may be fixed to the bottom of the lamp, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or
may depend from the angles of the upper reflector, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4.
Figs. 3 and 4 show a wall lamp in front and cross section. In this case the
reflectors form a half cone, and the different parts thereof are designated by like
letters to those already employed. In addition however to the reflectors specified
I here employ a back reflector, as shown in the Drawing, and which consists of a
cone or curve J projecting from the centre of a concave reflector K, with its apex
towards the light.
Over the faces of these various reflectors (with the exception of the back reflector
in the wall lamp, Fig. 3 and 4, and the curtain reflectors E, F, which are placed

page_text: outside the glass of the lamp) are fitted sheets of glass, leaving a space between
themselves and the mirrors, through which the air may flow. The manner in
which this is done is shown at Fig. 5, representing a portion of the cone and
curtain reflectors A, E; L is the glass, and the air space. The flow of the air is
represented by an arrow, and the opening is protected by perforated zinc, wire
gauze, or other suitable material to prevent the entry of dust.
Between the backs of the mirrors and the metal backing is placed blotting paper
previously well covered with chalk, or where double mirrors are employed, as in
the reflectors A, it is placed between the backs. This is shown in Fig. VI., where
enlarged views of various description of mirrors M are depicted with the protective
glass fronts N, and blotting paper O.
Fig. VII. is a plan of the curtain reflectors, showing the manner in which they
are conveniently formed, so as to allow of adjustment with a maximum of reflecting
surface.
And having now fully described and ascertained the nature and object of my
Invention, and the manner in which the same is performed, be it known that
what I consider novel and useful, and desire to protect by my Letters Patent is,―
I. The combination of inverted truncated cone reflectors (the light situate near the
apex) the sides of which, both outer and inner, are or may be bright, with an upper
series of reflectors of similar form, adjustable curtain, and side reflectors, and one or
more pairs of reflectors, curved or straight, and fixed or hinged at either the lamps
or outer ends, or at both ends, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
II. The combination with the reflectors as aforesaid of blotting paper previously
well covered with chalk, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
III. The combination with reflectors as aforesaid a sheet of glass in front of
same, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
IV. The combination in a lamp of reflectors faced by glass and backed by
blotting paper as aforesaid, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said William John Brewer, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
In the presence of
S. P. WILDING,
23, Rood Lane,
London, E.C.,
Patent Agent.
W. J. BREWER.
(L.S.)