тогщ от Oxide or as Electrode.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Jan., 1887
Complete Left, 4th Oct., 1887
Complete Accepted, 4th Nov., 1887
DECAD
3399
111 ще тогщ от
Oxide or as Electrode.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL, of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declaré
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The substance termed "Raffinose" was first separated from refinery molasses by
Loiseau in the year 1876, and was so named by him,-it having been previously
termed "plus sugar" by chemists, but not prepared separately till then. Raffinoso
has the following properties that are particularly prejudicial to sugar manufacture.
1. In crystallising out, it combines with the cane sugar and forms therewith sharp
pillar-like crystals resulting in the production of a porous and consequently light
sugar of indifferent appearance.
2. It raises the solubility of the sugar in water, and consequently diminishes the
crystallisability thereof, whereby on the one hand viscous syrups are produced that
are with difficulty removed from the sugar loaves, and on the other hand, the yield of
crystallised sugar is diminished.
3. In some of the processes of the desaccharification of molasses, it passes into the
saccharates and the sugar solutions obtained therefrom, and consequently accumulates
in these during the repeated operations.
4. It has a considerably higher polarising property than cane sugar, and therefore
renders the determination of the purity of the sugar juices more difficult, and causes
considerable errors in the calculation of the yield.
The present invention has for its object the removal of the said Raffinose and other
impurities from the saccharine matter by means of lead, for which purpose the
saccharine juices are stirred up, either in an undiluted condition, with finely ground

page_text: oxide of lead (as for instance in the form of litharge) the mixture being allowed to
stand for some time, or they are mixed in a diluted condition with the finely
ground lead.
The precipitation can also be effected by heating the saccharine juices together
with oxide of lead under a higher pressure than that of the atmosphere, or it may be
effected by placing the sugar solution between two electrodes, of which the anode or
plus pole is of lead, and the cathode or minus pole, is of any suitable good
conducting metal.
In all the above mentioned cases the Raffinose, together with a large portion of
the salts that are not soluble by means of carbonic acid, and which are also strong
formers of molasses, and a large quantity of colouring matter and invert sugar are
precipitated as insoluble matter.
After completion of the precipitation the mixture is diluted with water and filtered,
whereby the Raffinose together with the other non-saccharine matter is retained in
the lead precipitate.
The lead is separated from the lead compounds formed, by means of carbonic acid,
and is reconverted into the form in which it can be again used by any known methods
such as roasting or smelting.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Method of Extracting Foreign Substances, in Particular Raffinose,
from Sugar Solutions by Means of Lead either in the Form of
Oxide or as Electrode.
I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No. 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
22
The substance termed "Raffinose was first separated from refinery molasses by
Loiseau in the year 1876, and was so named by him. Raffinose bas the following
properties that are particularly prejudicial to sugar manufacture.
1. In crystallising out, it combines with the cane sugar and forms therewith sharp
pillar-like crystals resulting in the production of a porous and consequently light
sugar of indifferent appearance.
2. 1 raises the solubility of the sugar in water, and consequently diminishes the
crystallisability thereof, whereby on the one hand viscous syrups are produced that
are with difficulty removed from the sugar loaves, and on the other hand, the yieldi
of crystallised sugar is diminished.
3. In some of the processes of the desaccharification of molasses it passes into the
saccharates and the sugar solutions obtained therefrom, and consequently accumulates
in these during the repeated operations.
4. It has a considerably higher polarising property than cane sugar, and therefore
renders the determination of the purity of the sugar juices more difficult, and causes
considerable errors in the calculation of the yield.
The present invention has for its object the removal of the said Raffinose and other
impurities from the saccharine matter by means of lead, for which purpose the
saccharine juices are stirred up, either in an undiluted condition, with finely ground
oxide of lead (as for instance in the form of litharge) the mixture being allowed to
stand for some time, or they are mixed in a diluted condition with the finely
ground lead.
The precipitation can also be effected by heating the saccharine juices together with
oxide of lead under a higher pressure than that of the atmosphere, or it may be
effected by placing the sugar solution between two electrodes, of which the anode
or plus pole is of lead, and the cathode or minus pole, is of any suitable well
conducting metal.
In all the above mentioned cases the Raffinose, together with a large portion of the
salts that are not soluble by means of carbonic acid, and which are also strong formers
of molasses, and a large quantity of colouring matter and invert sugar are precipitated
as insoluble matter.
After completion of the precipitation the mixture is diluted with water and filtered,
whereby the Raffinose together with the other non saccharine matter is retained in
the lead precipitate.

page_text: The lead is separated from the lead compounds formed, by means of carbonic acid,
and is reconverted into the form in which it can be again used by any known methods
such as roasting or smelting.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-
The use of lead either in the form of lead oxide, or as electrode, for precipitating
foreign bodies, in particular Raffinose, from saccharine solutions substantially as
herein described.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.