IMPROVEMENTS IN CORE BARRELS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Nield, Ironfounder, and Thomas Arthur Nield,
Engineer, both of Dukinfield, in the County of Chester, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CORE BARRELS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Nield and Thomas
Arthur Nield at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 20th March 1863.
We, JOHN NIELD, Ironfounder, and THOMAS ARTHUR NIELD, Engineer, both
of Dukinfield, in the County of Chester, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CORE BARRELS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of core barrels for casting pipes,
columns, cylinders, or other articles. The core barrel is made in segments
joined by hinges, and has a spindle on which are a number of cams, and each
segment of the barrel has a corresponding cam; the cams when in contact at
their apex extend the barrel to its full size, but when the cams are turned
from their apex they allow the barrel to collapse. At each end of the spindle
there is a flange against the cams which overlaps the cams on the segments of
the barrel, and which prevents the spindle from moving up or down. When the
cams are turned to their apex there is a pin inserted in the flange and through
one of the cams in the barrel, which prevents the barrel from collapsing. It
is evident that arms or projections may be used for the same purpose.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Nield and Thomas Arthur Nield in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 18th September 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
NIELD, Ironfounder, and THOMAS ARTHUR NIELD, Engineer, both of Dukinfield,
in the County of Chester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said John Nield and Thomas Arthur Nield, Her special license that we, the
said John Nield and Thomas Arthur Nield, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said John Nield and Thomas Arthur Nield,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CORE BARRELS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John Nield and Thomas
Arthur Nield, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Nield and Thomas Arthur Nield,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention relates to core barrels for casting pipes, columns, cylinders,
or other articles of cast iron or other metals. The core barrel may be made
of any desired number of segments or curved plates joined together by hinges,
and at the ends and middle of each segment there is a curved projection or
lug. Through the interior of the barrel there is a shaft having fixed to it a
number of cams corresponding with and working in juxtaposition with the lugs
or projections on the segments. When the shaft is turned until the largest
radius of each cam is in contact with its corresponding lug the core barrel is
expanded to its largest diameter, but when the shaft is turned so that the

page_text: cams are between the curved projections or lugs the barrel is allowed to
collapse. At each end of the barrel there is a plate which covers the cams,
through which plate and one or more of the lugs a pin is inserted for the
purpose of maintaining the barrel in its expanded condition.
These improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the figures
and letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Figs. 1 and 2
are longitudinal sections, Fig. 3 an end view, and Fig. 4 a transverse section,
of our improved collapsing core barrel for socket pipes, the barrel being
expanded to its fullest extent, and covered with loam; Fig. 5 is a transverse
section of the barrel when collapsed; Figs. 6 and 7 are views of a split or
spring hoop for forming the socket; and Fig. 8, a view of the lever for turning
the shaft and cams in the interior of the barrel.
The core barrel, shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 is made of three segments
a, b, c, joined together by hinges d, and provided at the ends and middle with
curved projections or lugs e. The segments are made of cast or wrought iron,
and the narrow segment c has a rib f extending its entire length for preventing
the segment from twisting or buckling, but all the segments may have ribs
when required. In the interior of the barrel there is a shaft g, having fixed
to it as many cams h as there are lugs or projections on the segments, and the
cams and lugs are maintained in line with each other by plates i, j, so that they
may be in contact when required, the plates being fast to the end cams, and
keyed on the shaft. When the shaft g is turned by the lever, shewn in Fig. 8,
until the largest radius of each cam h meets the most projecting part of each
lug e, as shewn in Fig. 4, the barrel is expanded to its largest diameter, and a
pin k is passed through a hole in the plate i into a hole in one of the lugs in
order to maintain the barrel in its expanded state as long as required, two of
the segments having inclined edges, as at l, to allow the smallest segment to
collapse, or, as before stated, pins may be inserted through the plate and all
the lugs. When the shaft g is turned so that the lugs are between the cams,
as shewn in Fig. 5, the segments leave the loam, and the barrel is collapsed
and leaves the pipe with the core in the interior. When casting pipes with
sockets at the top, the top of the segments may be made the shape of the pipe,
no hoop being required; or we place round the segments a hoop of metal the
size of the socket, and when the socket is at the bottom, as in Fig. 2, we employ
two hoops, one solid and one split, the solid hoop being placed in the seating
plate and the split loop above it, a coating of loam being covered over
the split hoop, the other being the size of the seating. The split hoop is
shewn at m, Fig. 2, and also detached in Figs. 6 and 7. The hoop is split,
as at n, o, p, Fig. 7, and held together at the splits n, o, by thin plates rivetted

page_text: to the metal, which plates enable the hoop to yield when the barrel is collapsed,
and in order to prevent the hoop from expanding out of the circle when placed
on the barrel the edges of the split p are bevilled.
Although in the Drawing we have only shewn the adaptation of our
improved collapsing core barrel to socket pipes, it is evident that it may be
employed for cylinders, columns, and other similar articles, and turned, either
vertically or horizontally in suitable bearings when the loam is being put on.
Having now described the nature and particulars of our said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be under-
stood that we claim in collapsing core barrels for casting pipes, columns,
cylinders, and other similar articles, the employment of lugs or projections at
the ends and middle of the segments in juxtaposition with as many cams on a
shaft in the interior of the barrel as there are lugs or projections on the
segments, for the purpose of enabling the core barrel to be collapsed and
expanded, and also the split or spring hoop for socket pipes, as all such
improvements are herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Nield and Thomas Arthur Nield,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twelfth day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
three.
JOHN NIELD.
(L.B.)
THOMAS ARTHUR NIELD. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered, by the
within-named John Nield and
Thomas Arthur Nield, in the
presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.