Improvements in Direct-acting Pumps.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Nov., 1897-Accepted, 3rd Sept., 1898
Improvements in Direct-acting Pumps.
We, URBAIN ANDRE CHAUVEAU, Engineer, and LEOPOLD GUICHARD, Gentleman,
both of 51, Rue Vivienne, Paris, in the Republic of France, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is a new or improved motive power engine consist
ing of a pump driven by a compound steam engine and of a hydraulic engine driven
directly by the pump.
The invention comprises several contrivances whereby as high a power as possible
may be produced at one time while at the other the pump may be steadily and
quietly operated and may actuate at the same time in a continuous and constant
manner the hydraulic engine dependent thereon. These contrivanoes are as
follows:-
:-
1. Means for allowing hot oil to circulate around the steam cylinders of the com-
pound engine.
2. An auxiliary pump having for its object to constantly fill up the vacuum
formed during each stroke of the piston in the suction chamber of the main pump.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrates our improved motive power
engine, Figure 1 is a front view, Figure 2 is a plan and Figure 3 is a side view of the
same.
The steam engine may be of any suitable construction, but it is preferable
that it should be a compound engine consisting as such of a high and a low pressure
cylinder a and a¹, wherein move the pistons 661 respectively mounted on a common
piston rod t. The steam admitted from the main steam valve M is led through the
pipes ff into the slide valves VV whence it reaches the cylinder a.
After having acted therein on the piston, the steam passes through the slide
valves VV, and pipes f1f1, enters the low pressure cylinder a¹ and escapes
finally into the condenser C. The slide valves VV VV₁ are actuated by the
eccentrics mm¹ mounted on a common shaft driven with the aid of the levers d
and d and the connecting rods and by the prolonged piston rod t.
The walls of the two cylinders a a¹ are provided with cavities or pockets through
which travels a heated liquid used for heating the cylinder and for thus intensify-
ing the use of the expansive power of the steam. For this purpose, oil or any other
liquid can be used provided the temperature at which such liquid evaporates exceeds
that of the steam used. This liquid is heated in a reservoir r whence it is com-
veyed to the pump H which forces the same through the channels g in the covers
and jackets of the cylinders a and a² by the pipes h, s, h¹, s¹, h¹, & back to the
double acting pump H, whence it is forced back into the reservoir r. The remain-
ing parts of our improved motive power engine consist essentially of a double act-
ing pump P which is set in motion by the steam engine above described. In the
pump barrel P divided into two chambers by the partition i moves the plunger or
piston S fixed upon the prolonged steam piston rod t, whereby the power applied
upon the two steam pistons is directly transmitted upon the plunger,

page_text: From the two chambers of the pump barrel start the passages or ports o ol which
are alternately opened and closed by a common double clack valve cd mounted on
the partition. The ports o o¹ lead to a chamber y provided with a pipe j con-
nected to another pipe Figure 3 which terminates in the arrangement shown,
immediately above a water wheel u, and supplies the same with water. It is
obvious that any other water-power engine may be used in lieu of the water-wheel;
a turbine for instance would answer the purpose equally well. The water wheel
is carried by the bearings N and is surrounded by a casing . The dead water
falls into the receptacle R whence it is removed by the pump P so that the water
runs each time through the same cycle. To uniformly and steadily drive the
hydraulic engine the operation of the pump must be uniform throughout.
Now it is a well known fact in practice that the space behind the piston in pump
barrels is never thoroughly utilized for forcing or exhausting water as when water
is being drawn in especially in pumps working at a high speed, the space behind
the piston is not entirely filled up with water but there is formed a vacuum in such
space owing to the water not following quickly enough on account of the friction
developed in the suction pipe. It is obvious that such vacuum must be filled by
the piston on its return stroke ere a flow of water can follow and hence there occur
interruptions in the working of the pump which cannot but fail to have an
injurious action on that of the water-power engine. This defect is remedied,
according to this invention by the use of an auxiliary pump p which draws, through
the pipes k, k, (see Fig. 2) the water from the reservoir R in order to alternately
force such water either into the right or into the left hand chamber of the pump P
which always takes place during the suction stroke either in the right or in the
left hand chamber of the said pump. This auxiliary pump requires but a small
amount of power to drive it, which power is mostly used up in overcoming the
friction of its own parts. To feed the water very little power is required, as the
pump is on about the same level with the pump on one side and with the water
reservoir R on the other while the flow of water is kept up by the suction of the
pump P which takes place at the same time. The quantity of water supplied at
each stroke by the auxiliary pump p must be such as to fill the vacuum usually
formed in such a main pump.
Owing to this arrangement, the pump P works with its cylinder chambers
constantly filled up and thus a uniform and uninterrupted flow of water is obtained
without a vacuum being formed..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
-
A steam pump for feeding a water power engine wherein heated oil or any
other liquid evaporating at a temperature exceeding that of the steam used is
caused to circulate around the cylinder or cylinders of a steam engine in order to
better utilise the expansive power of the steam and an auxiliary pump (p) is used
to deliver in whichever chamber is used at the time as the suction chamber of
the main pump (P) a sufficient quantity of water to fill up the vacuum formed
behind the piston during the suction stroke of the said pump thus keeping the
pump chambers always full, substantially as herein described and shown.
Dated this 10th day of November 1897:
R. J. URQUHART, Fel.Chart. Inst. P.A.,
Agent for the said Applicant, Manchester and Liverpool.