Means for Producing Permanent Colored Lines or Bands on the Surface of Waterproof Cloth and Cut Sheet, Spread, or Calendered Rubber.
Year: 1887

page_text: Means for Producing Permanent Colored Lines or Bands on the
Surface of Waterproof Cloth and Cut Sheet, Spread, or
Calendered Rubber.
I, HENRY EDWARD SLADE, of Streatham Common in the County of Surrey,
foreman at an india-rubber works, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object means for producing permanent colored lines or
bands on the surface of waterproof cloth and cut sheet, spread, or calendered rubber.
Such lines are produced, according to this invention, by mixing with a rubber
solution, such as is employed in waterproofing cloth, a suitable pigment of any desired
color and employing such colored solution in the manner in which an ordinary solution
is employed in waterproofing, but instead of employing the usual knife for spreading
1 employ a kuife constructed as a graining comb, that is having notches formed
in the edge thereof which correspond in width and position to the lines or bands
which it is desired to form on the surface of the cloth or rubber sheet, and of
only such depth as will allow the proper amount of colored solution to pass through
as the cloth or sheet is drawn under the comb. The solution employed is, of course,
of a sufficiently liquid character for the purpose, and it is laid upon unvulcanized
waterproof cloth or rubber sheet. After the colored solution has been laid on in
lines or bands, the cloth or sheet is vulcanized or treated in an analogous manner to
make it fit for use.
The lines or bands may be formed curved or slanting, if desired, by moving the
comb end ways as the cloth or sheet is drawn thereunder, and such lines or bands
may be formed wavy or zig zag by moving the comb to-and-fro endways as the
cloth or sheet passes thereunder; and a second set of lines may be laid transversely
or obliquely across the first set so as to produce a check pattern.
1007
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton and Walsall,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Means for Producing Permanent Colored Lines or Bands on the
Surface of Waterproof Cloth and Cut Sheet, Spread, or
Calendered Rubber.
I, HENRY EDWARD SLADE, of Streatham Common in the County of Surrey,
foreman at an india-rubber works, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon (that is to say):-
This invention has for its object means for producing permanent colored lines or
bands on the surface of waterproof cloth and cut sheet, spread, or calendered rubber.
According to this invention, there is mixed with a rubber solution, such as is
employed in waterproofing cloth, a suitable pigment of any desired color and such
colored solution is employed in the manner in which an ordinary solution (whether
colored or not) is employed in waterproofing; but for the purpose of marking on the
lines or bands a knife is employed constructed along its lower or bearing edge as a
graining comb, that is with notches in such edge corresponding in width and position
to the lines or bands which it is desired to form on the surface of the cloth or rubber,
and of only such depth as will allow the proper amount of colored solution to pass
through as the cloth or sheet is drawn under the comb. The comb may be con-
veniently formed of a piece of zinc or other sheet metal, or of any suitable material,
fixed by screws passing sideways through it and screwed into a spreading knife of the
ordinary description or into a bar employed in lieu thereof, as will be readily under-
stood, or may be otherwise fixed to such knife or bar. The solution employed is, of
course, of a sufficiently liquid character for the purpose, and it is laid upon a surface
of unvulcanized rubber previously laid upon the cloth in the usual manner, or forming
the substance of the sheet. After the colored solution has been laid on in lines or
bands the cloth or sheet is vulcanized or treated in an analogous manner to make it
fit for use.
**
I have found, however, in carrying out my invention in practice, that there is
frequently a tendency, in marking the lines or bands direct upon the surface to be
ornamented, for the colored solution to spread somewhat and prevent the clearness
of outline which is desirable, and that it is better to mark the lines in the manner
above described upon a taping" cloth, and after they have set to a slight extent to
transfer them to the surface to be ornamented or lined by rolling the taping cloth
in contact with such surface between doubling" rolls. Very clear lines may thus
be produced with certainty upon the surface to be ornamented. It is impossible to
describe in words the exact consistency which is best for the colored solution in laying
on the lines or bands, or the degree to which it should set upon the taping cloth
before being transferred in the manner described, but these matters will be readily
understood by persons skilled in the art to which the invention relates, and a very
little experience will enable a workman to carry out the invention with the best
results.

page_text: An example of a short length of comb constructed for the purpose of this invention
is shewn by figure 1 of the drawings herewith, and the lines or bands formed by the
operation of such a comb are indicated by the dark stripes on figure 2. Figure 3
shews, in sectional elevation, the comb a as bearing on a cloth b passing over rollers cc,
in the operation of marking on the lines or bands in a colored solution d lying upon
the cloth on one side of the comb. The comb may, however, bear upon the cloth as
it passes over a roller, as shewn by figure 4.
The lines or bands may be formed wavy, zig-zag, curved, or slanting, if desired, by
reciprocating the comb endways by means of a camb or crank action, or by the
operation of inclined bearing surfaces, as the cloth or sheet is drawn thereunder, as
will be readily understood by mechanics; and a check pattern may be formed by first
laying on the lines in one direction on the cloth and afterwards in the other direction,
in which case, if the taping cloth is employed, as is preferred, the lines are first laid
on in one direction and transferred, and afterwards laid on in the other direction and
transferred.
In some cases, such as when a small surface only is required to be marked with lines
or bands (as, for instance, for sheet rubber intended to be made into tobacco pouches
or the like or formed into rings such as are used with umbrellas) the comb may be
drawn across the surface by hand, the colored solution for producing the lines or
hands being in such case drawn forward by the comb except for that portion thereof
which escapes through the notches as the lines or bands are being formed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. The means substantially as described for producing permanent colored lines or
bands upon the surface of waterproof cloth, and cut sheet, spread, or calendered
rubber.
2. Producing permanent colored lines or bands upon the surface of waterproof cloth,
and cut sheet, spread, or calendered rubber, by the aid of a notched tool, substantially
as described.