IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN MILLS FOR GRINDING, AND IN THE MANU- FACTURE OF CERTAIN PARTS OF MILLS
Year: 1846

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
WELLD, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical Draftsman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, on or about the Second day of October
last, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Weild, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial licence that
I, the said William Weild, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said William Weild, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN MILLS FOR GRINDING, AND IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF CERTAIN PARTS OF MILLS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso, obliging me, the said William Weild, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of
my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to
cause the same to be inrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the said Letters Patent, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: In Sheet 1, Figure 1, a represents the cutter with internal teeth fixed to
the cast-iron hopper 6, which has an ornamental ring cast round it to act as
a fly wheel. Upon the hopper is hinged a handle d, so that it will be in the
position shewn in this Figure when the mill is to be turned. When the mill
is not in use the handle may be turned over into the hopper, as shewn in
Figure 3, and enclosed by the lid e, as in Figure 2. On a cast-iron cross
bar 9 in the lower part of the mill is fixed the stationary cutter f with
external teeth, as shown in Figure 4, under which is a drawer h, see Figure 1;
for receiving the ground substance as it falls from the space between the
cutters. is a bar cast across the ring j (see Figures 1 and 2), and on this
bar is cast the spindle k. This spindle works in an opening in the cutter f,
and thereby gives support and stability to the hopper and the other revolving
parts of the mill. Through the spindle k is a hole, the lower part of which
is tapped; through this hole is passed the regulating screw shewn in Figure 1.
This screw works in the tapped part of the spindle, so that when it is turned
so as to raise the revolving part of the mill. the substance when ground will
be in coarser grains or particles; and when the screw is turned so as to
lower that part of the mill the substance when ground will be in finer
grains or particles. The screws 1, 1, see Figure 1, unite the hopper, the
ring, and the revolving cutter together. A small screw m which works
through a tapped hole in the under part of the mill and projects into a
groove around the outside of the revolving cutter a, see Figure 1, is the
only part of the mill to be removed to enable the cutters to be separated from
each other for the purpose of being cleaned. When the mill is put together.
this screw m prevents the top part of the mill being separated from the
bottom. In Figure 5 the cutter a with internal teeth is fixed to the lower
part of the mill by means of two screws, and is in consequence stationary,
whilst the cutter f with external teeth is fixed to the hopper, and revolves
with it around a stationary spindle k. This mill has an adjusting screw, to
act in the same manner as that described in Figure 1. In Figure 6 the cross
bar i and spindle k are cast to the hopper. This spindle passes through the
stationary cutter f which is fixed on the cross bar g, and is kept in its position
by the screw n, which passes into the spindle; the handle d is similar to that
shewn in Figure 1. The upper part of the mill is made removable from the
lower, as the lid from a box, to take out the ground substance. Figure 7 is
a side elevation of the mill shewn in Figure 6. In Figure 8 the mill is
placed upon a pedestal. The hopper, the lid, the cutter with internal teeth,.
the cross bar, and ring are made to revolve by an upright shaft o, which is
fixed to the cross bar i. This shaft has a bevil wheel p keyed on it near the
.

page_text: 2
bottom, and is supported on a footstep 7 fixed to the under part of the mill.
The stationary cutter f is fixed on the cross bar 9. The shaft o works
through, and is kept perpendicular by the stationary cutter; to regulate the
mill for grinding substances to finer or coarser grains, an adjusting screw v
passes through and works in the footstep, and by it the shaft and the revolving
parts attached to it may be raised or lowered. The two cutters and the parts
attached to each of them are kept together by a nut s, on the top screwed
end of the shaft o, so that they are easily put together or taken asunder.
t is a bevil wheel, keyed upon the shaft u, which shaft is supported by a
bearing in the pedestal; the shaft u receives motion from the handle d, and
by the bevil wheel t gearing into the bevil wheel p the mill is turned. In
Figure 9, the cutters are constructed and put together in the same manner
as those shown in Figure 6. The chief peculiarity of this mill consists in
putting the cutters in the handle, and thereby making the handle serve as
a hopper. The substance ground by this mill, instead of falling directly into
the box / made for its reception, passes along a horizontal channel leading
from the handle to the box. When not in action this mill is closed, as seen
in Figure 10.
In Sheet 2, and in Figure 1, 2 represents the frame of my machine as
arranged for cutting the external teeth of the cutters or grinders of mills,
which have heretofore been cut by hand; 3 is a slide, which works against
the side of the frame, so as to be raised or lowered by means of the screw 6,
turning in a nut fixed to the frame; this slide supports all the machinery
by which the cutter or grinder 5 is presented to and passed against the
revolving cutter 4, so as thereby to have the spiral cavities cut in it, leaving
the teeth in relief of the size and form required. In order to form the cavities,
and thereby the teeth of a cutter or grinder, of a uniform or of a variable
depth throughout, the maundril 7, on the end of which the grinder is fixed,
and the parts which support the maundril may be moved upon the central
axis or bearing 8, so that the grinder may be raised or lowered at either end
and fixed in the position required by the screws and nuts 9, working in the
slots 10; the grinder and maundril and the parts which support them may
be moved also in a horizontal position to the cutter, as shewn in Figure 8,
for the purpose of cutting the cavity, so as to leave the face of the tooth
parallel to an imaginary line passing at right angles through the cutter and
maundril. Having now shewn the manner of placing the grinder previous
to its being cut, it is passed forward and made partially to revolve against
the cutter 4, so as to give the teeth a spiral direction round the grinder, by
means of the fly wheel 11 and the pinion 12, fixed on the same axis, geering

page_text: into the wheel 13, which turns the pinions 14, keyed on the same axis, which
pinion 14 geers into a rack 15, fixed to the horizontal bottom slide 16, and
thereby carries forward the top slide 17 and the parts which it supports, so
that the grinder is forced against the cutter. Upon the same axis as the
wheel 18 and pinion 14 is keyed the wheel 18; this wheel geers into and
drives the wheel 19, on the axis of which is keyed the bevil wheel 20, which
geers into and turns the bevil wheel 21, which is cast upon the hollow cylinder
22 (see Figure 3); upon the end of this cylinder is fixed a collar and arm 23,
which carries the stud and click 24, which click is placed in the notch required
of the division wheel 25; fixed to this wheel is the hollow cylinder 26, which
is placed within the cylinder 22, and allowed to turn therein when the click
is removed from the ratchet wheel; the bore of the cylinder 26 is of two
diameters, the smaller one being formed to receive that end of the maundril
which has no spiral spring 27 coiled round it. The larger bore is made to
receive that part of the maundril round which the spiral spring is coiled.
When the grinder is put into the split and conical end of the maundril, see
Figure 5, in order to secure it there, the maundril is drawn back for a.short
distance into the cylinder 26, see Figure 3, by the screw 28, and the nut
fixed in the wheel 29, and the grinder and maundril are thereby fixed until
the cutting is finished. When the maundril is drawn back, as just described,
the spiral spring 27 is compressed to such a degree, that when the wheel 29 is
turned in a contrary direction, the spiral spring forces the maundril out of the
cylinder 26 to release the cut grinder, and allow an uncut one to be inserted.
When the machine is required to cut a grinder with internal teeth, the spindle
which carries the cutter 4, and the strap pullies fixed upon it, is removed, and
in the steps which carried that spindle is placed a portion of the apparatus
seen in Figure 6, at the parts marked 30. The maundril 26 is required to
be removed out of the hollow cylinder 22, and the maundril 31, shewn in
section in Figure 6, is placed in the cylinder 22. The grinder to be cut is
fixed in a bell chuck 82 at the end of this maundril, the upper side 16 is then
turned on the under one 3, until the maundril is in a line with the centre of
the two spindle bearings in the frame 2. The internal face of the grinder is
adjusted to act against the cutter, by the same means as those already
described in connection with the grinder having external teeth; but in cutting
internal teeth, as they are not spiral, but in a line with the maundril in which
they are cut, the maundrel has a forward and backward motion only, which
is effected by removing either of the wheels 18 or 19. 33 is a band pulley
fixed on its axis, which passes through the bar or apparatus 80; upon the
same axis is fixed another band pulley 34; passing round this is an endless

page_text: band 35, which passes through part of the bar 30, and round another band
pulley 36, which is fixed on the axis of the cutter. When motion is given to
the band pulley 33 by a band passing from a driving pulley, the cutter is set
in motion.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which I carry it into effect, I claim, first, the improved arrangement and
combinations of the parts forming such mills for grinding, as I have shown
and described. Secondly, I claim the manufacture of the cutters or grinders
of mills by means of the machine I have shewn and described, whether such
machine is used exactly as I have shown it, or whether the form, proportions,
and arrangements of its parts be greatly varied and modified, as it may easily
be, without at all deviating from my Invention.
And this my Invention being to the best of my knowledge and belief
entirely new, and never before used within that part of Her said Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion
of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I do hereby declare this to be
my Specification of the same, and that I do verily believe this my Specification
doth comply in all respects fully, and without reserve or disguise, with the
proviso in the said herein-before in part recited Letters Patent contained;
wherefore I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and privilege to the
said Invention.
In witness whereof. I, the said William Weild, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of March, One thousand eight
hundred and forty-seven.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirty-first day of March, in
the year of our Lord 1847, the aforesaid William Weild came before our
said Lady the Queen, in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the First day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-savon