IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS FOR WORKING PUMPS IN SHAFTS, PITS, AND OTHER LOCALITIES, MORE PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO PUMPS IN DEEP MINES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Jones and Andrew Gray, both of No. 1,
Lime Street Square, in the City of London, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS FOR WORKING PUMPS IN SHAFTS, PITS,
AND OTHER LOCALITIES, MORE PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO PUMPS IN DEEP
MINES."
Sealed the 13th October 1871, and dated the 10th August 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Jones and
Andrew Gray at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 10th August 1871.
We, EDWARD JONES and ANDREW GRAY, both of No. 1, Lime Street
Square, in the City of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS FOR WORKING PUMPS IN SHAFTS,
PITS, AND OTHER LOCALITIES, MORE PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO PUMPS IN DEEP
MINES," to be as follows:-
-
Our Invention has for its object to do away entirely with the cumber-
some and costly pump rods and beams heretofore employed for working
pumps that are situated at a considerable depth below the locality where

page_text: the motive-power engine for driving such pumps are placed, such as in
'deep mines. It consists in effecting the working stroke of the piston
or plungers of such pumps by hydraulic pressure applied directly thereto
through pipes leading from the locality where the motive-power engine
is situated, such engine being employed to produce the requisite
hydraulic pressure in the same manner as the engines now used for
working hydraulic cranes.
For this purpose, according to one arrangement, we construct the
plunger of the pump with a cylindrical hollow of small sectional area
extending from the outer end to near the inner end thereof. The open
end of a fixed tube of small internal diameter passes through a stuffing
box into this hollow, and is connected to the before-mentioned supply
pipes for conducting the water under pressure from the engine to the
interior of the said tube. The water under pressure in passing from
the tube into the hollow of the plunger will force this into the pump
cylinder, thus effecting the working stroke of the pump. In order to
effect the return stroke of the plunger the supply pipe is made to com-
municate with the aforesaid tube through a two-way cock or valve, by
the turning of which the tube is made alternately to communicate with
the supply pipe and with an escape pipe, so that when the plunger has
performed its working stroke, and the communication with the escape
pipe is then established by the turning of the cock (while the commu-
nication with the supply pipe is at the same time cut off), the water will
escape from the hollow of the plunger, and this will perform the return
stroke either by descending by its own weight (if arranged in a vertical
inverted position), or by the aid of springs or weights acting thereon.
When the plunger has arrived at the end of its return stroke the two-
way cock is again turned so as to establish the communication with the
supply pipe, and thus to cause the plunger to perform its working stroke
again. The reversing of the two-way cock is effected automatically by
the plunger itself at the end of each stroke by means of tappets thereon
acting upon rods connected to a tumbler lever on the two-way cock.
According to another arrangement the plunger or piston has fixed to
its outer end a cylindrical rod or plunger of small diameter working in
a cylinder of corresponding diameter, with which cylinder the before-
mentioned supply and escape pipes communicate, so that the working
stroke of the pump plunger is effected by the entrance of the water
under pressure into the said small cylinder, and by the consequent

page_text: forcing outwards of its plunger. The return stroke is effected by the
weight of the piston, or by weights or springs acting thereon, upon
allowing the water to escape from the small cylinder by the turning
of the reversing valve, which is actuated by the pump plunger in the
same manner as before described.
By preference we arrange two such pumps, actuated as before described,
to communicate with one and the same rising main, and to perform
their working strokes alternately so as to maintain a constant flow of
water into the rising main.
In applying our Invention to double-acting pumps we provide the
piston of the pump barrel with a hollow piston rod extending from both
sides of the piston through stuffing boxes on the pump barrel, and into
each end of the double piston rod we introduce the open end of a
pressure pipe for admitting the water under pressure into the piston rod
in a similar manner to the first-described arrangement. Each pressure
pipe is provided with a reversing two-way cock acted upon by tappets on
the piston rod, as before described, so that the cock on the one pressure
pipe is made to establish the communication with the supply pipe, while
the other cock at the same time establishes the communication with
the escape pipe, whereby the water under pressure is admitted into the
piston rod alternately on each side of the piston, so as to cause this to
perform its double stroke, while the water contained in the piston rod is
allowed to flow off through the escape pipe at the end of each stroke.
Instead of connecting the aforesaid supply pipes directly to the
pumping engine this may be arranged to force the water into an " accu-
mulator " of well-known construction, such as is used for working
hydraulic cranes, from which accumulator the supply pipes conduct
the water under pressure to one or more sets of pumps.
As the supply pipes may be made to conduct the water under pressure
to any distance from the pumping engine or accumulator, and through
winding drift ways, passages, or tunnels in which the ordinary pump
rods could not be applied, it will be evident that pumps can be worked
by our improved method in localities which would be inaccessible for
pumps worked by the ordinary methods.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Jones and Andrew Gray in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 8th February 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, EDWARD
JONES and ANDREW GRAY, both of No. 1, Lime Street Square, in the
City of London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-fifth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said Edward Jones and Andrew Gray, Her special
licence that we, the said Edward Jones and Andrew Gray, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Edward Jones
and Andrew Gray, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS FOR WORKING PUMPS IN SHAFTS, PITS, AND
OTHER LOCALITIES, MORE PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO PUMPS IN DEEP MINES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Edward Jones
and Andrew Gray, our executors, or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Andrew Gray, on behalf of myself
and the said Edward Jones, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings
and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say: —
Our Invention has for its object to do away entirely with the cumber-
some and costly pump rods and beams heretofore employed for working
pumps that are situated at a considerable depth below the locality where

page_text: the motive-power engine for driving such pumps are placed, such as in
deep mines. It consists in effecting the working stroke of the piston
or plungers of such pumps by hydraulic pressure applied directly thereto
through pipes leading from the locality where the motive power engine
is situated, such engine being employed to produce the requisite
hydraulic pressure in the same manner as the engines now used for
working hydraulic cranes.
For this purpose we construct the plunger of the pump with a
cylindrical hollow of small sectional arca extending from the outer
end to near the inner end thereof; the open end of a fixed tube of small
internal diameter passes through a stuffing box into this hollow, and
is connected to the before-mentioned supply pipes for conducting the
water under pressure from the engine to the interior of the said tube.
The water under pressure in passing from the tube into the hollow of
the plunger will force this into the pump cylinder, thus effecting the
working stroke of the pump. In order to effect the return stroke of
the plunger the supply pipe is made to communicate with the aforesaid
tube through a two-way cock or valve, by the turning of which the tube
is made alternately to communicate with the supply pipe and with an
escape pipe, so that when the plunger has performed its working stroke,
and the communication with the escape pipe is then established by the
turning of the cock (while the communication with the supply pipe is at
the same time cut off), the water will escape from the hollow of the
plunger, and this will perform the return stroke either by descending
by its own weight (if arranged in a vertical inverted position) or by the
aid of springs or weights acting thereon. When the plunger has arrived
at the end of its return stroke the two-way cock is again turned so as to
establish the communication with the supply pipe, and thus to cause the
plunger to perform its working stroke again. The reversing of the two-
way cock is effected automatically by the plunger itself at the end of
each stroke by means of tappets thercon acting upon rods connected to
a tumbler lever on the two-way cock.
In applying our Invention to double-acting pumps we provide the
piston of the pump barrel with a hollow piston rod extending from both
sides of the piston through stuffing boxes on the pump barrel, and into
each end of the double piston rod we introduce the open end of a
pressure pipe for admitting the water under pressure into the piston rod
in a similar manner to the first described arrangement. Each pressure

page_text: accumulator situated at a distance, and the third port communicates
with a discharge pipe L. M is a rod jointed to a lever fixed on the plug
of the cock H, the joint of the lever being slotted to allow for the
vibration of the lever; N is a counterbalance to the lever and rod M,
and O is a tumbling weight, both of which are attached to the plug of
the cock H. The rod M has fixed upon it two collars M¹ and M², and
is embraced by a tappet D¹ fixed to the stem D, and by a stop P fixed to
the framing G. The upper end of the rod M is guided in a hole of the
pump cover E.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-Water under considerable
pressure supplied by the pipe K (when the cock L is in the attitude
represented in the Drawing) enters by the tube F the cavity within the
stem D, and by its pressure forces up the piston A, and discharges the
water above the piston by the valve B'. As the piston and its stem D
approaches the end of the upward stroke, the tappet D' meets the
collar M¹ and raises the rod M, thereby turning the plug of the cock L,
which after passing the middle of its stroke is carried fully over by the
tumbling weight O, so as to close the communication between K-and F,
and open the communication between F and L. The water within the
cavity of D being now free to escape by the pipe L, the piston A
descends by its own gravity, which may be aided by weights or springs
drawing in water by the valve B. As the piston approaches the end of
its down stroke the tappet D' meeting the collar M² causes the plug of
the cock L to be turned back to the attitude represented in the Figure,
when the water supplied by K again causes the piston to ascend, and
the action is repeated.
Figure 2 represents a vertical section of a double-acting pump
constructed according to our Invention. In this Figure the same letters
are employed to mark parts corresponding to those described in reference
to Figure 1; but in this case besides the apparatus for forcing the piston
upwards, represented in Figure 1, there is a duplicate apparatus for
forcing it downwards, which works in a manner similar to that described
above. In this case moreover the cock II is made with four ports by
which the upper and lower pressure tubes F are made to communicate
alternately with the supply pipe K and the discharge pipe L, the
change of communication being effected by the action of a tappet D¹
on collars of the rod M, as described above.

page_text: Instead of one four-way cock L, Figure 2, there might be employed
two separate cocks, such as that represented in Figure 1, worked as has
been described with reference to that Figure.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and in what
manner it is to be performed, we would have it understood that we do
not claim generally the working of pumps by means of water under con-
siderable pressure made to act in water engines of ordinary construction
connected to the pumps; but what we claim is, the construction and
use of apparatus whereby water under pressure is made to act directly
on the pistons or buckets of pumps, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Andrew Gray, have heunto set my
hand and scal, this Sixth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.