Year: 1898

page_text: ARTHUR LL. LLOYD, Atlas Works, Spring Hill, Birmingham, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Pipes for conduit of water are largely used made of steel plates; the circum-
ferential seams joining the pieces of pipe together being rivetted or welded or
connected by various kinds of joints. In a pipe line in which these circumferential
joints are rivetted they are either (1) lap-jointed-in which case the bore of the
pipe line is diminished by the double thickness of the inside lap or (2) they are
butt-jointed with a cover strip outside in which case the bore of the pipe line is
diminished by the inwardly projecting rivet heads only.
In either of these cases however the discharge area of the pipe line is diminished;
extra friction is set up & consequently a larger diameter of pipe or a greater
head of water is required to give the necessary discharge. By my invention I
provide a means of making these circumferential joints so as not to diminish the
discharge area of the pipe which thus remains a full way pipe line. I propose
to carry out my invention as follows:-
In some cases it is usual where these circumferential joints are lap-jointed to
enlarge the end of one pipe as a kind of socket to receive the spigot end of the
next pipe which is not enlarged: it is obvious however that in this case the rivet
heads project inwardly into the pipe line diminishing the bore and causing friction.
I propose therefore to enlarge both the socket and the spigot end of each pipe,
the socket being a double thickness larger in diameter than the enlarged spigot.
A channel being thus formed round the whole circumference of the joint, the rivet
heads project into this channel but not beyond it. Thus the discharge area of
the pipe line is not diminished and a full way pipe line is secured.
These channels may afterwards be filled up wth cement, asphalte or other
suitable composition. In pipes where all joints are rivetted the enlargement of
the ends can be done by any ordinary process of bellmouthing such as is used
for bellmouthing the bottom of fire-boxes of vertical & locomotive boilers, but in
cases where the straight seam is welded or the pipe is weldless, I prefer to roll
the ends of the cylinders between rollers on which great pressure is exerted. The
steel upon which this pressure is exerted grows thinner and assumes gradually
a larger diameter. The rolls may be shaped specially to the desired shape of the
enlargement. In some cases the edges of the cylinder may be thickened before
rolling or even specially rolled plates with thickened edges may be used.
Dated thin 11th dov of 1900

page_text: I, ARTHUR LLEWELLYN LLOYD, of Atlas Works, Spring Mill, Birmingham,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:
-
This invention relates to improved means for jointing together lengths of piping
such as the steel piping employed for water conduits. At the present time pipes
of this class made of steel plates are largely employed and the circumterenual
seams which join the lengths together to form a complete pipe line may be
roughly divided up into three classes as follows;-1. Lap-jointed. In this case
the bore of the pipe ime is diminished by the double thickness of the inside lap.
(2). Butt-jointed. In this case a cover strip is arranged outside and the bore ot
the pipe line is diminished by the inwardly projecting circle of rivet-heads.
(3). Socket and spigot.-in this case one end or each length of pipe is expanded
out a sufficient amount to receive the adjacent unexpanded end of the next length
and here also the inwardly projecting circle of rivets diminishes the bore of the
pipe line.
in all of the examples herein before referred to the discharge area of the pipe
line is diminished, increased friction is set up, and consequently a larger diameter
of pipe or a greater head of water is required to give the necessary discharge.
The present invention consists in means employed to obviate these disadvantages
by arranging each separate pipe length with expanded ends of different diameter
and of such a relative dimensions that the smaller end of each length can be
placed within the larger end of an adjacent length when constructing the pipe
line, and, further, so arranging the dimensions of these expanded ends that the
circle of rivet heads does not project into the bore of the water-way.
The accompanying sheet of drawings illustrates in part longitudinal section a
circumferential joint constructed in accordance with the present invention.
The drawing represents in section a portion of the joint formed between the
pipes D and E. One end, say A, of each length of pipe to be joined is enlarged or
expanded to a diameter greater than the pipe itself by twice the depth of the
rivet heads, while the other end, say B, of the pipe is enlarged or expanded to such
a diameter that the end A just passes within it as shown. A socket and spigot
is thus formed so that a continuous length of pipe line can be laid down and it is
evident that a channel or space C is left greater than the bore of the pipe itself
within which the circle or circles of rivet heads lie. By this means the discharge
area of the pipe line is not diminished and a fullway bore throughout the whole
length is thereby secured.
The channel C may afterwards be filled up with cement, asphalt or other suit-
able composition to provide a continuous interior surface. In pipes where all
joints are rivetted the enlargement of the ends can be done by any ordinary process
of bell-mouthing such as is used for bell-mouthing the bottom of fire boxes of
vertical and locomotive boilers, but in cases where the straight seam is welded or
the pipe itself is weldless it is preferred to roll the ends of the pipes between rollers
on which great pressure is exerted. The steel upon which this pressure is exerted
grows thinner and gradually assumes a larger diameter. The rolls employed may
be shaped specially so as to give the desired shape to the enlargement. In some
cases, however, where it is desired not to obtain the increased diameter at the
expense of the original thickness of metal of the pipe it is preferred to provide
pipes with thickened ends from specially rolled plates so that in forming the

page_text: joints and spigots any desired thickness may be provided in the said joints and
spigots.
It is to be clearly understood that the improved joint herein before described
may be employed in all metallic piping where rivets or their equivalents are
employed as the fastening medium and where such rivets or their equivalents
would under ordinary circumstances project within the line of the main bore
of the piping.
o
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. In the circumferential joints in a line of piping forming one end of each
pipe length of such an increased diameter that the inner circle of heads of the
rivets fastening the joint do not project within the line of bore of the pipe, and,
further, forming the other end of each pipe length of a still greater diameter to
embrace or pass over the other end substantially as described.
2. The improved socket and spigot joint for piping substantially as herein-
before described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents.