A NEW METHOD OF MANAGING OR MANUFACTURING SOME ENGLISH VEGETABLES, AND OTHER THINGS OF HOME PRODUCE, SO AS TO MAKE FROM THEM SEVERAL VERY USEFULL COMODITIES, ONE OF WHICH IS AN OIL WHICH GIVES ALMOST PRESENT EASE IN FITTS OF THE GRAVEL AND STONE, IS THE GREATEST ANTI- SCORNUTIC AND PECTORAL OF ANYTHING OF THE KIND, AND AS FINE AND PLEASANT FOR EATING AS THE BEST OLIVE OIL ITSELF; THAT THESE THINGS OF HOME PRODUCE NOW MAKE LITTLE OR NOTHING, BUT, AS MANUFACTURED BY HIM WOULD BE OF CONSIDERABLE ADVANTAGE TO HIS MAJESTY'S REVENUE AS WELL AS HIS SUBJECTS
Year: 1751

page_text: LANGLEY'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
LANGLEY, of the Parish of Saint Luke, Middlesex, Surgeon, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present Most Excellent Majesty King George the Second,
by His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date
at Westminster, the Thirty-first day of December last past, reciting that,
whereas I, the said James Langley, had, by my petition, humbly represented
unto His said Majesty that by much observation and long experience I had
been enabled to discover "A NEW METHOD OF MANAGING OR MANUFACTURING SOME
ENGLISH VEGETABLES, AND OTHER THINGS OF HOME PRODUCE, SO AS TO MAKE FROM
THEM SEVERAL VERY USEFULL COMODITIES, ONE OF WHICH IS AN OIL WHICH GIVES
ALMOST PRESENT EASE IN FITTS OF THE GRAVEL AND STONE, IS THE GREATEST ANTI-
SCORNUTIC AND PECTORAL OF ANYTHING OF THE KIND, AND AS FINE AND PLEASANT FOR
EATING AS THE BEST OLIVE OIL ITSELF; THAT THESE THINGS OF HOME PRODUCE NOW
MAKE LITTLE OR NOTHING, BUT, AS MANUFACTURED BY HIM WOULD BE OF CONSIDERABLE
ADVANTAGE TO HIS MAJESTY'S REVENUE AS WELL AS HIS SUBJECTS;" His said
Majesty, therefore, being willing to give encouragement to all arts and
inventions which may be for the publick good, did, by His said. Letters
Patent, for Him, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
James Langley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, His especial
licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority, that I, the said James Langley,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, by myself and themselves, or by
our deputy or deputies, servants or agents, or such others as I or they should
at any time agree with, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and

page_text: vend my said Inventions within that part of Great Britain called England,
His Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner
as to me, the said James Langley, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should in our discretions seem meet, to have, hold, and enjoy the said licence,
powers, priviledges, and advantages, unto me, the said James Langley, my
executors, adñiors, and assigns, from the date of the said Letters Patent, for,
and during, and unto the full end and term of fourteen years, fully to be
compleat and ended; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said James Langley, particularly to describe and ascertain
the nature of my said Inventions, and in what manner the same are to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause
the same to be inrolled in the High Court of Chancery within four calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent,
otherwise the said Letters Patent, and everything therein contained, should
be void, as in and by the said recited Letters Patent (referrence being
thereunto had) may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YEE, that I, the said James Langley, in pursuance of the
said proviso, do hereby describe the nature of my said Inventions, and the man-
ner in which the same are to be performed as follows, (that is to say):
The English vegetables which I refer to in my petition as managed or manu-
factured by me in a new method, are mustard, angelca daucus, or wild carrot,
fennil, cummin, and anniseed, which grows here by cultivation. As to mustard,
tho' it is much used in sauce, and an oil has been drawn from it, yet that was
always very dear, as the seed is, and the mustard itself was always thrown away as
good for nothing after the oil was drawn off, which, and the constant method
used in preparing it for sauce, shews plainly that its true qualities have never
been rightly attended to, for I have found by long observation and by many
experiments tried on it, that mustard consists of and abounds with two very
different parts of almost opposite qualities: one, a very fine oil, the greatest
softner and relaxer in nature perhaps, and, therefore, fitted to soften parts
too rigid, or to sheath any pungent particles it meets with; the other a salt,
very active and stimulating, and, therefore, fitted to deterge and break through
obstructions, either in the stomach or viscera, or even in the minutest vessels.
I have therefore discovered a new method of managing this seed with the
others, so as to part the oil from the seed. First, by proper utensils, that
there shall not be one grain of the salt in a hundred gallons of the oil, and,
after the oil is out, I make more and better flower of mustard than ever was
made in England before mine; besides, after the oil is drawn and the flower
sifted out, I ferment the bran and distill from it two very good commodities,

page_text: viz. a very wholsome spirit, fit to. be used in the. army, &c., and a hot liquor,
which is extremely good for pickle, and to be drank in cold weather, and for
the scurvy at sea, &c. I make vinegar, too, of the bran, after fermenting it,
&c. This is a true description: of my method of making flower, of, mustard
from the seed only, after the oil is drawn from it. The oil-is thus -made :-
I take the seeds of the other vegetables above named, and, having warmed
them well, by the fumes of hot water, I press out the oil with my utensils, in
order to mix it with the oil drawn from the mustard in the same way and by
the same utensils. By this method I make up an oil, which, as I said in
my petition, gives almost present ease in fits of the gravel and stone, is the
greatest antiscorbutick and pectoral of anything of the kind, and as fine and
pleasant for eating as the best olive oil itself. It is likewise much wholṣomer
than oil of sweet almonds or any oil used in medicine, and yet will be sold
at a much lower price. With this oil, thus prepared, I also make a soap,
by mixing with it a lixivium made with equal quantities of quick lime, pot asb,
and the ashes of the bran after the distillation, as above, and made so strong,
when quite clear, that a wine pint weighs sixteen ounces troy. This, boiled to a
hard soap S. A., and taken constantly between the fits, and the oil alone in the
fits, will, I beleive, go the farthest towards a compleat cure of the gravel and
stone of anything yet discovered, and is pleasanter beyond comparison. The
other things of our home produce, as set forth in my petition, which make little
or nothing at present, but, as manufactured: by me, will be of. considerable
advantage to the revenue as well as to the subject, are the offals, shreds, small
pieces and parings of leather of all sorts whatsoever, some of which are now
either burnt, or used to dung land only, but I have discovered a method to
manufacture them after the manner of paper, so as to be usefull in many
respects, as for cartridges, which I have invented a method to make of it
and dress and do up for all sorts and sizes of great guns, and it is as good for
cartridges as parchment itself, because it is not so liable to burn when dressed
as that, and will hold the powder as well, being strong, and much cheaper
than that. This paper or leather sheets, made after the manner of paper or
boards of the same, 'made thicker or thinner, broader or narrower, of all sorts
and sizes, will do to gild for hangings, for bookbinding, and many other uses
instead of basil, pastboard, &c., and will be much cheaper. The duty on the
paper & boards &c., will add to the revenue, and the many uses which may
be made of it, and selling the offals &c., will be an advantage to the subject.
Moreover, I make paper of offal, cotton, and other things which used to be
thrown to the dunghill. I likewise make size or glue for curing my paper
or leather sheets, and to gild it with, and size and glue for other things

page_text: in a way never yet attempted. The making leather into paper or leather
sheets, thick or thin, or boards of the same of all sorts and sizes, with all the
other things above mentioned, are my sole Inventions in the ways set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Langley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twelfth day of March, in the twenty-fifth year
of the reign of His said Majesty King George the Second, over
Great Britain, and so forth, and in the year of our Lord One thousand
seven hundred and fifty-two.
HEN. ROOKE.
JOHN MOORE.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the said Twelfth day of March, in
the year aforesaid, the said James Langley, came before our said Lord the
King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Writing aforesaid, and every
thing therein contained and specified, in form above said. And the said Writing
was stampt according to the form of the Statute made in the sixth year of the
reign of the late King William and Queen Mary, and so forth.
Inrolled the said Twelfth day of March, in the twenty-fifth year of the
reign of His said Majesty King George the Second.