Improvements in the Containers of Machinery for Compressing, Squeezing, or Squirting Heated Metals.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 15th Sept., 1900-Accepted, 20th Oct., 1900
[Communicated from abroad by CONSTANT BLÉTRY, of 2, Boulevard de Stras-
bourg, Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineer.]
Improvements in the Containers of Machinery for Compressing,
Squeezing, or Squirting Heated Metals.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BECK, of 115, Cannon Street, in the City of London, Con-
sulting Engineer, and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
In the pressing of lead and other metals, or alloys of metals, which in order
to render them more malleable require warming during the pressing operation,
the cylinders or containers are usually cast in one piece of steel, and necessarily
are very thick in order to withstand the high pressure to which they are exposed,
and, in consequence of the uneven expansion and contraction, often crack dur-
ing the working and become useless.
Now I have found that a container composed of several tubes or cylinders
fitted more or less loosely and concentrically into each other completely obviates
the objection of the solid container and can be warmed from in or outside, or
both in and outside, without cracking during the warming or pressing operation.
The container may consist (or be built up) of two, three, or more tubes of
wrought or cast steel or iron or other suitable metal, and to prevent the tubes
from being separated or telescoped during the pressure, they are either made
conical (except the interior surface of the inner tube, which must be parallel
inside), or the tubes, if not conical, may be held in their position by means of
rings or plates fitted at the end, or otherwise.
The total collective thickness of the tubes forming the container when fitted
together need not be more than that of the cast cylinders used at present.
Dated this 17th day of November 1899.
Improvements in the Containers of Machinery for Compressing,
Squeezing, or Squirting Heated Metal.
I, WILLIAM HENRY BECK, of 115, Cannon Street, in the City of London, Con-
sulting Engineer, and Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
077

page_text: this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
-
In the pressing of lead and other metals, or alloys of metals, which in order
to render them more malleable require warming during the pressing operation,
or become heated during such operation by reason of the pressure put upon them
the cylinders or containers are usually cast in one piece of steel and necessarily
are very thick in order to withstand the high pressure to which they are exposed,
and in consequence of the uneven expansion and contraction, often crack during
the working, and become useless.
Now it has been found that a container composed of several tubes or cylinders
fitted more or less loosely and concentrically into each other completely obviates
the objection of the solid container and can be warmed from in or outside, or
both in and outside, without cracking during the warming or pressing operation.
The container may consist (or be built up) of two, three, or more tubes of
wrought or cast steel or iron or other suitable metal of round, square, polygonal
or other regular or irregular section with plain or longitudinally fluted or cor-
rugated surfaces as desired. In order to prevent the tubes from being separated
or telescoped during the pressure, they are either made conical, (except the
interior surface of the inner tube, which must be parallel inside or nearly so),
or the tubes, if not conical, may be held in their position by means of rings or
plates fitted at the end, or otherwise.
The total collective thickness of the tubes forming the container when fitted
together need not be more, and may be less, than that of the cast cylinders used
at present.
And in order that the said invention may be fully understood I will now pro-
ceed to describe the same with the aid of the accompanying sheet of drawings
in which Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are sectional views of containers constructed
in accordance with the invention, Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 corresponding end
views as seen from the upper side in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 and Figures 1", 2",
3", 4" and 5" corresponding end views as seen from the underside in those figures.
In Figures 1, 1 and 1, A is the inner tube preferably made taper on its outer
surface as shown; B, C, and D are tubes or cylinders fitted more or less loosely
and concentrically into each other round the inner tube A and each made taper
both internally and externally as shown. E is a similar tube or cylinder but
with a taper surface internally only as shewn. Fare rings fitted more or less
tightly on to the outer tube or cylinder E and if necessary shrunk on to same.
The upper end of the tube or cylinder E is screw-threaded at G and has screwed
on to it a cap or covering plate H which holds all the tubes or cylinders together.
are holes for the reception of the prongs of a forked key by means of which
the said cap or covering plate may be screwed on or off.
Figures 2, 2 and 2" show a somewhat different arrangement in which instead
of the tubes being regularly tapered they are made to decrease in diameter by
steps, and to bear against one another longitudinally by shoulders as shown.
J is an outer casing which may be screwed on to the smaller end of the tube A
at K, and H' is a retaining plate screwed into the casing J. I are holes for the
key as before. The outer casing J is bored out to various diameters to fit the
outer tube or cylinder C.
'
Figures 3, 3 and 3 show a somewhat similar arrangement but in which each
of the tubes or cylinders C D is provided with a bottom C' D' adapted to screw
on to the smaller end of the inner tube A at K. In this case the cover or retain-
ing plate H or H¹ may be dispensed with.
Figures 4, 4 and 4" show an arrangement in which the inner tube A is made
parallel-sided that is to say cylindrical externally as well as internally, and pro-
vided with a flange or plate A¹ against which the outer tubes or cylinders B C D
bear, and against the angular edge A2 of which the flange of the outer casing K
bears when the tube or cylinder D is screwed into it by the screw-thread D.

page_text: In this case D forms both one of the tubes or cylinders composing the container
and a cover or retaining plate to hold the tubes or cylinders B C in place.
Figures 5, 5 and 5 show an arrangement in which the inner tube or cylinder A
is surrounded with a number of shorter cylinders L and with an outer casing M.
N is a retaining plate screwed into one end of the casing M and bearing against
the flange or shoulder A of the inner tube A. P is a second plate screwed
into the other end of the casing M, the two plates N and P press or secure the
cylinders L between them.
In some cases instead of the inner tube A being surrounded with a number
of separate cylinders as above described it may be surrounded by one or more
tubes formed of one or more helices of closely coiled strip, rod, or wire of any
suitable section, and coiled in any convenient manner.
It will be observed that in the arrangements shown in Figures 2 and 3 the
inner tube A is held in place and prevented from being drawn out of the sur-
rounding tubes or cylinders by the screw connection at its smaller end and in
the arrangements shown in Figures 4 and 5 by the flanges A', while in the
arrangement shown in Figure 1 there are no special means shown for holding
the tube A in place but it is obvious that any suitable means may be employed.
It is, however of very great importance that one end of the said tube is left quite
free to expand and contract as the exigencies of use may cause it to do.
Similar letters of reference relate to like parts in all the figures of the drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:—
First. A container for compressing, squeezing, or squirting heated metals which
consists of an inner tube or cylinder surrounded by other tubes fitted concentri-
cally into one another, substantially as described.
Second. A container for compressing, squeezing, or squirting heated metals
which consists of an inner tube or cylinder free at one end and surrounded by
other tubes fitted concentrically into one another, substantially as described.
Third. The improvement in containers for compressing, squeezing, or squirting
heated metals which consists in surrounding the inner tube or cylinder with
tapered tubes or cylinders fitted concentrically into one another substantially
as described with reference to Figures 1, 1^ and 1" of the drawings.
Fourth. The improvement in containers for compressing, squeezing, or squirt-
ing heated metals which consists in surrounding the inner tube or cylinder with
tubes or cylinders decreasing in diameter by steps and provided with shoulders,
and fitted concentrically into one another substantially as described with refer-
ence to Figures 2, 24 and 2" of the drawings.
Fifth. The improvement in containers for compressing, squeezing, or squirt-
ing heated metals which consists in surrounding the inner tube or cylinder with
tubes or cylinders some of which are provided with flanges at their inner ends,
and all are fitted concentrically into one another, substantially as described with
reference to Figures 3, 3 and 3" of the drawings.
Sixth. The improvement in containers for compressing, squeezing, or squirting,
heated metals which consists of an inner tube or cylinder provided with a flange
or plate at one end, a series of tubes, or cylinders surrounding the inner tube or
cylinder, an outer casing bearing at one end by a flange or ring against the
flange or plate of the inner tube or cylinder and a tube or cylinder screwed into
the outer casting and adapted to hold the intermediate tubes or cylinders in place,
substantially as described with reference to Figures 4, 4 and 4" of the drawings.
Seventh. The improvement in containers for compressing, squeezing, or squirt-
ing heated metals which consists of an inner tube or cylinder provided with a
flange or ring near one end, an outer casing, a series of concentric rings placed
in the space between the inner tube or cylinder and the outer casing, and retain-

page_text: ing plates screwed into the ends of the outer casing, substantially as described
with reference to Figures 5, 5* and 5" of the drawings.
Eighth. A container for compressing, squeezing, or squirting heated metals
which consists of an inner tube or cylinder surrounded by one or more tubes
formed of coiled strip, rod, or wire substantially as described.
Ninth. A container for compressing, squeezing, or squirting heated metals con-
structed substantially as described.
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1000