Improvements in Facsimile or Copying Telegraphs.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 2nd Mar., 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Facsimile or Copying Telegraphs.
I, JOHN O'NEIL, of 238 West 15th Street, in the City, and State of New
York, United States of America, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Figure 1, is a plan view.
Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view showing an arrangement of electric circuits
adapted to the operation and uses of my invention.
Figure 3 a side view of an autographic telegraph apparatus, made according to
my invention.
Figure 4 is an end view of the same as seen from the left hand of Figures 1, 2,
and 3, as indicated by the arrow contiguous to said line w, w.
of
Figure 5 is a vertical, transverse sectional view taken in the line w, w,
Figures 1 and 3, as seen in the direction indicated by the arrow in said Figures 1
and 3.
Figure 6, is a like view taken in the line, x, a, of Figures 1 and 3.
Figure 7 is a like view taken in the line y, y, of Figures 1 and 3, and as seen in a
direction the reverse of Figures 5 and 6, as indicated by the arrow contiguous to
said line, y. y.
Figure 8 is a detail view of certain parts.
This invention relates to that class of electric telegraphic apparatuses with
which a message written at one end of a telegraphic line or circuit is reproduced.
in facsimile at the opposite end of such line or circuit.
In the operation of my said invention the message to be transmitted is written
or otherwise provided in non-conducting ink or other substance upon a conducting
transmitting sheet in such manner that the interruption of the electric current
through said sheet by the non-conducting characters thereon may, through suitable
agencies, produce characters in facsimile upon a receiving sheet provided at the
opposite end of the telegraphic line.
The object of my invention is to provide an autographic telegraph system operating
upon the principle just indicated in which simplicity of structure, ease of operation,
accuracy in the reproduction of the message sent, and general convenience in use
and application are combined, and this I accomplish by the means and combinations
of parts hereinafter described and shown.
It is, of course, to be understood, that in the use and operation of the invention
a transmitting and receiving instrument is necessarily employed. In my invention
the instruments employed for receiving and transmitting comprise mechanism by
which each instrument may be used indifferently for transmitting or receiving, as
occasion may require. The two instruments at the opposite ends of the line are
identical or substantially so in their structure. They are so shown. The
description of one of said instruments of course, suffices also for that of the
other.
Referring now to the drawings, A is a feed screw, see Figure 3, supported in
suitable bearings and capable of rotation in either direction. At one end of this
feed screw is an electric motor B, of any suitable construction, capable, by
appropriate changes in the electric current, of rotation in opposite directions to
afford the like reversible motion to the feed screw, A. The bearings of the latter
are of such a character as to allow its rotation without any longitudinal movement

page_text: of the screw itself. Thus the one end, a, of said screw being coupled to or
continuous with the axial shaft, b, of the motor, B, the screw, A, in such case, is,
of course, placed in the axial line of the motor shaft, b, but any appropriate means
of connecting the motor to the said screw which will transmit the reversible
movements of the motor to the screw, may be employed as within the scope of my
invention, and, when desired, additional bearings may be provided to support the
screw and maintain it in due place and position. To prevent end-movement to the
screw and to readily take up any looseness of the said screw in its bearings, it is
preferred that the bearing at the end opposite that at which the screw connects
with the motor shall comprise the conical point, a¹, of an adjustable set screw, c,
working through a fixed nut in the frame of the apparatus and the conical
point, a', of which fits into a socket of corresponding shape in the contiguous end
of the screw.
At each side of the screw, A, and parallel therewith, is a feed-roll, C (see
Figure 1) which is supported in suitable bearings at its ends. In the operation of
the apparatus, each of these feed rolls rotates in one direction, and the rotatory
movement of each is intermittent during the act of transmitting a message, as
hereinafter fully explained.
Parallel with each feed-roll, C, is one or more clamping rolls, D. As shown in
the drawings (see Figure 1) two such clamping rolls are provided in connection
with each feed-roll, and ordinarily this is to be preferred. Each clamping roll, or
pair of such rolls, is movable to and from its adjacent feed-roll C. To provide for
this the ends of the said clamping rolls are journaled in bearings, all, in the outer
ends of radial arms, 61, which project from a rock-shaft, A', which is itself pivoted
or journaled in suitable fixed bearings at its ends, other equivalent pivota!
connection for the arms, 6, may be employed when preferred. The office of
these clamping rolls is to press the sheet material which, as hereinafter explained,
passes upon and over the feed-rolls, more snugly and smoothly thereon. The
clamping rolls are enabled to do this by reason of their gravity which when
necessary may be reinforced or substituted, by the action of springs suitably
arranged to press the said clamping rolls each upon or toward its adjacent feeding
roll, or by placing additional weights upon the arms &", by which said clamping
rolls are carried.
Upon the screw, A, is a travelling nut which meshes with the thread or threads
of the said screw, so that when the screw is turned in one direction the nut will
move longitudinally thereon in one direction with a corresponding reversal of its
movement when the rotary motion of the screw is reversed. This nut is provided
in a saddle, E, the screw passing through said nut so that the rotation of the
screw, A, in the one direction or another, as herein before explained, moves the
saddle and the parts carried thereby longitudinally in one direction or the other
according to the direction of rotation of the screw.
This saddle, E, carries an electro-magnet, F, the position of which is shown in
dotted outline in Figure 3, and which is more fully and in detail shown in Figure 6,
also an armature, G, which is in due relation to be actuated by the electro-magnet
whenever the current is passed through the latter to set the same in action.
Preferably this armature, G, consists of a spring of suitable metal, the tension of
which is such as to bring it away from the electro-magnet whenever the latter ceases
to act by reason of a cessation of the current in the coils thereof. The armature
may, however, be of any suitable and preferred kind provided with means for
bringing it away from the electro-magnet by cessation of the current through its
coils, when the electro-magnet becomes inoperative as just set forth. The outer or
free end of this armature carries a pen, H. This pen is intended, in practice, to
comprise a tubular stem pointed or conical at its lower end, which latter is arranged
to rest upon the sheet material, H', employed in the receiving part of the instru-
ment; the hollow within said stem constituting an ink reservoir and the outlet
from said hollow at the lower end of said stem being of such size and character
as to supply the ink iu due quantity in the automatic writing of the message

page_text: received, upon the sheet material, H', placed and arranged to receive it. As the
hollow pen separately considered is a device well known in various telegraphic
instruments in common use it requires no further or specific description here.
Any suitable pen may, moreover, be used in such connection, without departing
from my invention.
Extended from the saddle, E, in a direction opposite to that of the first
mentioned armature, G, in other words, at the opposite side of the instrument is
an arm, I, in the outer end of which is a suitable stylus or tracer, J. This arm I,
is of vulcanite or other insulating material to secure the insulation of the stylus, J,
from the pen, H. The stylus, J, has its lower end in such relation with the feed
roll, C, adjacent thereto, that it rests upon the surface of the sheet material, H"
(see Figure 6) which as hereinafter more fully explained is carried by said feed
roll and which has upon it, in suitable ink, the writing, characters, or graphic
matter of the message to be transmitted. It will be observed from the foregoing
that the stylus relates to the transmitting, and the pen to the receiving functions
of the apparatus.
Placed parallel with the screw, A, with its ends supported in suitable guides, c,
is a sliding bar, K. This bar has at one end a projecting stud or arm d; at the
other end it has a like projecting stud or arm, l, and also a wedge-shaped projection
or inclined plane, f. It also has upon it adjustable stops, c', c. The arch, e", of
the saddle, E, is arranged to strike one of the stops, c¹, as the saddle approaches
the limit of its movement in one direction, and the other of said stops as it
approaches the limit of its said movement in the opposite direction. This, of
course, transmits a longitudinal movement to the bar, K, as the saddle nears and
reaches the limit of its movement in each direction. The reverse notions of the
saddle, that is to say, its movement alternately in opposite directions upon the
screw, A, are provided by changing the currents which actuate the motor to
reverse the same simultaneously with the limit of the movements in each direction
of the saddle upon the screw.
As before remarked, two apparatuses, duplicates of each other, and one placed at
each end of the line over which a message is to be transmitted are employed in the
application of my invention to use. This arrangement of duplicate apparatuses is
represented in Figure 2. Further, each of said apparatuses has its own separate
battery, and the one or the other battery is thrown into operation according as the
motor and its dependent screw, a, are to be turned in the one direction or the other.
Therefore, in the use and operation of the invention, the two batteries are thrown
alternately into operation, so that when the current on the main line is from one
battery, the motor, and consequently the screw, A, will rotate in one direction, and
If
when from the other battery, the said motion of said parts will be reversed.
therefore, the main line is changed from one battery to the other, a corresponding
change from the one current to the other is secured, with a consequent change or
A.
reversal in the rotatory motion of the motor and of the screw,
To provide for this change from the one battery to the other, the main line is
and h,
looped or extended to two separate circuit closing and breaking devices
one at each end of the screw, A, as shown for example in Figure 3. Each loop of
the said main line wire is, of course, divided to connect with the parts of the
adjacent circuit closing devices. The said devices as shown in the drawings each
comprises a movable block, g', preferably pivoted at one end, and a contact piece or
part, g, which may be stationary. The line wire being connected with the said
two parts of the circuit closer, the circuit is of course closed for the transmission
of the current, when a contact block g', is brought in contact with its adjacent
contact piece, gl, and broken when said parts are separated. When the saddle and
the parts carried thereby have so nearly reached the limit of movement in one
direction that the arch of the saddle strikes the stop, c', ahead of it, the bar, K, is
moved in the same direction with the saddle, thereby bringing its stud, dor, e, as
the case may be, under or behind the movable contact block, g', in front of it,
against the corresponding contact piece g", thereby closing the circuit through that

page_text: loop of the main line or circuit wire. Simultaneously with this the other stud or
arm, d, or e, as the case may be, is brought away from the movable contact
block, g', at the other end of the screw, A, thereby breaking or opening the circuit
through that loop of the said line or wire connected with said last mentioned contact
block, etc. As a result of this, the current from the battery which has produced
the operation of the motor and its connected devices in one direction is shut off
from the main line, and that from the other battery is turned on, and is thus caused
to reverse the direction of motion of the motor, and, of course, the direction of
motion of those parts which receive their movement from the said motor.
It will be seen that the saddle, E, with the parts carried thereby, reverses the
movement of the motor and its connected or dependent devices, by changing from
the current of the one battery to that of the other at the termination of each of its
movements in either direction. The stylus, J, and the pen, H, are moving together
and are both carried to and fro alternately in opposite directions, each moving
parallel with the feed roll, C, and pressure rollers, D, adjacent thereto, and con-
sequently in contact with any sheet material placed upon, or carried by, said feed
roll. Of course, if the feed-roll were stationary at all times, the track of the
stylus, or of the pen, as the case may be, would be always on the same place upon
the sheet material, and whatever was marked or traced on the latter in one traverse
of the pen or stylus, as the case might be, would be covered or confused by
whatever was traced or marked by a subsequent passage. It is therefore necessary
to give an intermittent rotatory movement to the feed rolls to present a new surface
to the stylus and the pen respectively, prior to each successive rectilinear movement
thereof, in other words, prior to the transmission from one end of the main line,
and reception at the other, of a succeeding line of an autographic message.
To provide for this, each feed roll has at one end a ratchet wheel, m, more fully
shown in Figures 1 and 7, adjacent to which, pivoted as at, et, to a suitable fixed
support is a swinging bar, M. The two swinging bars, M, are connected by a
transverse rod or bar, N, which is slotted as at f1, as shown more fully in Figure 7,
to permit the adjacent part of the sliding bar, K, to be passed through it with the
opposing inclined planes, f,f bearing against the ends of the slot as against opposing
stops, so that when the bar, K, slides in one direction or the other, it will commu-
nicate a transverse movement to the bar, N, in other words, a movement at right
angles to that of the bar, K. Upon each of the pivoted bars, M, is placed a spring
pawl, r, at that end of the bar, M, opposite that which carries the pawl, s, through
the two pawls, r, and, s, of each of said swinging bars being placed at opposite
arms of said bar, so as to act alternately upon the contiguous ratchet wheel, m, of
the adjacent feed roll, C, according as the one or the other arm of the swinging bar
is swung inward to transmit movement to the said roll. When the sliding bar, K,
is moved in the one direction or the other to change the motor, etc., from the action
of the one current to the other, as hereinbefore explained, the practically simul-
taneous movement transmitted from said sliding bar through the inclined planes to
the bar, N, and swinging bars, M, and thereon to the pawls and s, of the said
swinging bars, causes the one or the other of said pawls on each swinging bar to
partially turn or rotate the ratchet wheel, and consequently the feed roll to which
said wheel is attached. This fractional rotatory movement of the feed roll is, of
course, predetermined to afford a corresponding movement to the sheet material
carried by or upon said roll. The object of this is, of course, to present a new line
of travel upon said material to the stylus, or to the pen, as the case may be, of
transmitting and receiving the autographic message as hereinafter more fully
explained. The just described feed movements of the feed rolls of course alternate
with the travelling movement, hereinbefore described, of the stylus and pen parallel
with the respective feed rolls and upon or in relation with the sheet material placed
upon or carried by said rolls.
It is to be understood that the changes in the direction of the current, as herein.
before set forth, relate, not to a reversal of a single current from one and the same
battery, but to the changing from the positive current of a battery at one end of

page_text: the line to the positive current of another battery placed at the opposite end of the
line and vice versa, the positive current from the one battery being in the direction
opposite to that of the other. The motor and the mechanism dependent thereon
for movement being switched alternately from the current of the one battery to
that of the other, in other words, from one to the other of two alternative currents
passing in opposite directions to, operate the motor alternately in correspondingly
opposite directions through one and the same line wire.
It will be observed that there are two distinct operations to be performed by the
transmission of currents over the main line, R. One of them is the simultaneous and
synchronous motion or activity of the two instruments at the opposite ends of said
main line, in order that the same conditions, in certain essential respects, which
inhere in the transmission of the message may also inhere in the receiving thereof.
To provide for this each instrument is provided with two batteries, f*, and, h*, one
sy, f, of which is negative and the other, *, positive, the negative battery of the
one instrument operating in conjunction with the positive battery of the other and
Cice versa.
The circuits for insuring the synchronous operation of the two instruments, one
at each end of the main line, R, are indicated in the diagram Figure 2. It will of
course be understood that this synchronous operation of the instruments is dependent
upon the synchronous movement of the screws, A, thereof, and this movement of
the screws is in its turn dependent upon the synchronous operation of the motors
by which the said screws of the respective instruments are operated as hereinbefore
explained. To open communication between the two instruments, the operator, or
sender, at the one instrument, for example or illustration, say, that indicated at
the left hand part of the diagram Figure 2, the attention of the operator or receiver
at the opposite instrument is signalled by the call bell or signal. Provided to the
negative battery * of each instrument is a switch D arranged to, in the operation
of the apparatus, connect with a wire which connects in its turn with the commu-
tator of the adjacent motor and also with the adjacent positive battery, fx. It is
to be kept in mind however, that this switch is not intended to connect the two
batteries and * of the same instrument inasmuch as this would result in short
circuiting and prevent the operation of the apparatus.
'
The switch, D' of each instrument is brought to connect with the positive battery
thereof. If now we assume the circuit from the positive battery, fx of one
instrument, for example of the left hand to be unbroken through the apparatus to
the negative battery of the other instrument, assumed to start from and through
the left hand instrument, said current will follow the electrical connections in the
direction indicated by the solid arrows from the positive battery fx of the left hand
instrument to the commutator, of the motor of the said instrument thence
through the circuit making-and-breaking devices, thence to and along the main
line wire, R, to the opposite or right hand instrument, thence through the wire, 96,
to the circuit making and breaking devices, of said instrument, thence through
the wire 94 to the commutator of the motor of the said instrument and thence to
the negative battery, 4*, of said instrument, thus, (the batteries being of course
suitably grounded or otherwise provided with means for the return current,) com-
pleting the circuit and in so doing operating simultaneously and substantially
synchronously and in the same direction as the motors of the two instruments.
While this is being done the circuit making-and-breaking devices are of course in
such position as to provide conductivity to the current along the conductors
mentioned, and to destroy connection between the conductors which connect the
positive battery, fx, of the right hand instrument with the negative battery, h*,
of the left hand instrument. When, however, by the means set forth in another
part of this Specification the continuity of the one current is broken that of the
other is established, and the current from the positive battery of the right hand
instrument then passes in a direction the reverse of that of the current first just
herein set forth, and passing from the positive battery, x, thereof, through the
switch, D¹, follows the wire 77, to the commutator of the adjacent motor, thence

page_text: •
through the wire 94, to the wire, 93, to the adjacent circuit making-and-breaking
device, and thence to the main line wire, R, through which it passes to the left
hand instrument thence to the wire, 92, through the circuit making-and-breaking
devices, thence through the wires 89 and 91 to the commutator of the motor
of the left hand instrument, and thence to and through the switch, D', of said
instrument to the negative battery, x, thereof, thereby completing the circuit.
As the current called into play by the action of the circuit making-and-breaking
devices is in a direction the opposite of that of the other current described it
follows that it rotates the motors and consequently the screw, A, of the two
instruments in opposite directions. In other words, the mechanism being thrown
alternately from one to the other of the two currents which are the opposites of
each other, the operation of the motors and of the parts dependent upon each
motor, is alternately in opposite directions.
As each current in its turn traverses both instruments, it follows that the tw
motors run in the same directions and synchronously or substantially so as just
described, and that as a consequence the speed of the screw, A, the saddle, E, and
the parts carried thereby and also the feed rolls of the one instrument correspon
to the speed of the corresponding parts of the other, the reversals of motion in
the motors, and of the parts dependent upon each for motion being, of course,
correspondent, the purpose of which is fully explained in another part of this
Specification.
The other of said two distinct operations to be performed by currents over the
main line as aforesaid comprises the operation of the stylus and of the pen in
transmitting the message from the instrument at one end of the main line and
receiving it at the other. The currents for these purposes are distinct from those
which relate to the first of the operations just hereinbefore mentioned and are
derived from separate and distinct batteries which are indicated by the reference
letters, 2, and, 2, as shown in the aforesaid Figure 2 of the drawing, although the
currents from these batteries like those of the others pass over the main line, R.
Of these batteries, 2, 2, at each instrument one, say, 2, is negative and the
other, d², is positive. The negative battery, 62, of the one instrument operates in
connection with the positive battery, d2, of the other and vice versa.
To provide for the changing of the current from one battery, f*, *, to the
other at each instrument, there is provided adjacent to each instrument in the
wire, R, a switch, D', by which the contacts and connections are so changed as to
connect and disconnect the wire, R, with the one or the other battery as may be
required.
Referring now to the second of the operations just herein before indicated,
there are, as hereinbefore explained, at each end of said line the two additional
batteries, 2, d, one negative and one positive, the positive battery, say, d², at one
end of the main line connecting through the two apparatuses and the main line
with the negative battery, 62, at the opposite end of the line, while, conversely,
the positive battery, d², of the just last mentioned battery end connects in like
manner with the negative battery 2 of the other. Thus the current from the
battery, 2, of the instrument indicated at the left hand in Figure 2, is negative to
the battery, d², of the instrument indicated at the right haud of said figure, and
may be termed a negative current as concerns the left hand instrument and a
positive current as concerns the right hand instrument, while the current from the
latter instrument being from its negative battery, 62, to the positive battery, d²,
of the other, is a current of opposite character, that is to say, it may be termed a
positive current as concerns the left hand instrument, and a negative current as
concerns the right hand instrument. When a message is to be transmitted from
the one end of the main line to the other, the positive battery at the transmitting
instrument is put in connection therewith and consequently with the main line.
Simultaneous with this the corresponding negative battery of the apparatus at the
opposite end of the line is connected or placed in circuit with said inain line, and
the positive battery at said opposite end of the line is disconnected. Suitable

page_text: switches are provided the placement of which provides the requisite connection;-
between other parts of the circuit wires. This, of course, is required to be done
by the operator at said opposite end of the line. To provide for this, for this
purpose as well as for that of adjusting the switches D' for the starting of the
instruments into operation as herein before mentioned, an electric call is provided,.
the wires of which connect to each end of the main line to enable the operator at
the one end of said line to signal the operator at the other. As such call signals
are well known, no specific description of such an apparatus is necessary here."
In the wire or in due connection therewith is placed any suitable device or
switch.
Assuming that a message is to be transmitted from, say, the instrument shown
at the left hand of the drawing, Figure 2, the switch C, of said instrument is
placed to connect with the adjacent positive battery, d², as shown in dotted outline
in the figure and the wire, 3, of the receiving instrument is detached at one end
in order that the current shall not be diverted from the adjacent magnet of said
receiving instrument. The operator at the receiving instrument also places the
switch, C, thereof in connection with the adjacent negative battery, 12. This
establishes a current from the positive battery, d2, of the transmitting instrument
through the adjacent switch, C, to the wire or conductor, 21, thence to the
metallic post or part, n, which holds the metallic bearing, c, of the screw, A, of
the transmitting instrument, thence through said screw to a wire, which in its turn
connects through the wire, ³, to and through a metallic arm, a³, of the saddle. to
the stylus J carried by the said arm. From the stylus, under conlitions herein-
after explained, it passes to an adjacent pressure roll, D, from which, through a
suitable wire or conductor, 22, it passes upon the main line wire R. At the
opposite end of the latter is a branch wire or conductor, 23, which connects with
a pressure roll of the receiving instrument, thence through the stylus, thence
through the helix of the magnet carried by the saddle, from this it passes to the
screw, A, of said receiving instrument and thence through the part, n, thereof to
the wire 24 to the adjacent switch, C₁, and negative battery, 62, and, the batteries
being duly grounded thus completes the circuit.
Of course in transmitting a message in the reverse direction, as from the right
hand to the left hand instrument as shown in the drawings, the operation is simply
reversed. That which, in the one case is the transmitting instrument becoming,
in the other the receiving instrument, and vice versa. For such transmission of a
message in the opposite direction, the switch, C', of the one system of
batteries, 2, 12, is of course moved to break the current thereof, and the
corresponding switch is placed to establish, in an opposite direction, the current of
the other system, one or the other of said systems of batteries being put in action
according as the message is to be transmitted in the one direction or the other.
It is of course to be understood that the wire d³ is always to be attached or
connected as herein before explained in the instrument which is to be used as a
transmitter and detached to prevent short circuiting the current from the magnet
in the instrument which is to be used as a receiver.
In the wire, ³, or in due connection therewith, is placed any suitable device or
switch by means of which the circuit through said wire may be broken as herein-
before explained when a current is passing through the apparatus to operate the
pen as herein explained. The object of this being to prevent short circuiting
during such operation of the pen. As such devices for breaking the continuity,.
on occasions, of a circuit wire are well known no special description of such is
necessary here.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:
The message to be transmitted is written or otherwise provided upon the
surface of a sheet of tinfoil or equivalent material-which is a conductor of
electricity. This may be done with any suitable ink or liquid which, when dried
or solidified upon the surface of the sheet, is practically a non-conductor of,
electricity. The sheet with the message or matter to be transmitted being thus

page_text: provided, is placed upon that feed-roll which is adjacent to the stylus, J, with its
message-bearing face toward and in contact with the said stylus and with the
adjacent pressure roller or rollers bearing upon its said face. The positive
current, provided as herein before explained being turned on and the motor being
set in motion by the current of the batteries provided for that purpose, as also
hereinbefore explained, the stylus is carried longitudinally with the screw, the
feed-roll and the said pressure-roller. So long as the conductivity between the
point of the stylus and the adjacent pressure roller is intact, by the connection
established by the contact of the stylus with the surface of the tin-foil, and of the
tin-foil with the pressure roller, just so long will the current pass unbroken
through the main line to the instrument at the opposite end of said line, the
tin-foil, in such circumstance forming a part of the circuit and the current being
unbroken through both instruments. But when the contact of the stylus with the
surface of the tin-foil is broken by the interposition of an ink mark or stroke
forming part of the autographic message, in other words, by any portion of the
message provided as aforesaid on the surface of said tin-foil, then the current
through the main line and the two instruments is correspondingly broken and
remains broken so long as the obstruction afforded by the insulating ink remains.
Thus, in the operation of the invention, the current in the transmitting instrument
is automatically broken and closed by the non-conducting characters constituting
the message on the tin-foil sheet.
This current being thus broken whenever the stylus passes over or in contact
with the non-conducting material of the autographic message, it follows that the
armature of the receiving instrument is depressed to bring the pen in contact
with the receiving sheet upon the adjacent roll, D, so that whenever the stylus
crosses a character or ink mark on the autographic message, the pen makes a
mark on the receiving sheet corresponding in time and location to that part of the
said message upon which in the transmitting instrument the stylus rests; and as
the position of the receiving sheet in the receiving instrument corresponds to
that of the autographic message sheet in the transmitting instrument, and the
movements of the two instruments are synchronous, it follows that the contacts
of the stylus of the transmitting instrument with the non-conducting characters
of the message result, in the receiving instrument of correspondent ink-marking
contacts of the pen with the receiving sheet in said receiving instrument.
It is to be stated in this connection that the modification of the current by
which the electro-magnet is brought into action to depress the armature and con-
sequently the pen in the receiving instrument when the current is broken as
described, is secured by the use of a relay which, for receiving purposes, is provided
to each instrument. As the construction and operation of relays for causing an
electro-magnet to be brought into action when a current is broken and rendered
inactive when the current is restored, are well known in the art of telegraphy,
and familiar in said art, specific description of such an apparatus is deemed
unnecessary here.
Such being the principle upon which the apparatus works the modus operandi
thereof is in detail as follows:
The tin-foil sheet bearing the message in non-conducting characters and placed
upon the feed-roll as described, is traversed by the point of the stylus as the saddle
moves longitudinal with the feed-roll and its pressure roll or rolls. When the
point of the stylus rests in contact with the conducting surface of the tin-foil, the
current flows uninterruptedly; but, whenever the stylus passes, upon the ink-a
non-conductor the circuit is interrupted and the current is broken. In the
transmission of a written message the current will thus he made and broken many
times during a single longitudinal movement along the feed roll of the stylus, each
interruption of the current corresponding to the contact of the stylus with the ink.
While the operation just described occurs at the transmitting instrument, the pen
in the receiving instrument is set into a corresponding movement, or series of
movements, by the action of the electro-magnet which, actuating the armature

page_text: which carries the pen brings the pen down upon a sheet of any suitable material
placed upon the adjacent feed roll, D, and inasmuch as the interposition of the
relay causes the closing of the current at the receiving instrument to coincide
with the breaking of the current at the transmitting instrument, it follows that
every breaking of the current in passing over the non-conducting characters of the
tin-foil sheet of the transmitting instrument results in a closing of the current to
bring the pen at the receiving instrument to make a mark on the receiving sheet
corresponding to that which causes the breaking of the current in the first
instance. It is, of course, to be kept in mind that the two instruments are main-
tained in synchronous movement so that the pen traverses lengthwise of the feed-
roll which carries the receiving sheet at the same speed and to the same extent
that the stylus traverses in the transmitting apparatus. As the stylus in a single
passage across on the ink line traverses the whole length of such line, but only a
minute fraction of the width of such line-as such lines are ordinarily proportioned
in chirography, symbols, designs, etc.,-it follows that a considerable number of
passages to and fro of the stylus, each a little aside or apart from its immediate
predecessor, are necessary to transmit the whole of a message. This is provided
for by the means hereinbefore described, whereby at the end of each longitudinal
movement of the saddle the feed-roll is actuated to move a minute part of a
revolution, thereby feeding the sheet thereon to bring a fresh surface of the
transmitting sheet to the contact of the stylus in transmitting, and a corresponding
fresh surface to the action of the pen in receiving, this movement of the saddle
being changed alternately from one direction to the other immediately succeeding
the feeding of the sheets, as just explained. As each interruption of the current
at the transmitting instrument produces a corresponding action in the electro-
magnet of the receiving instrument, thereby actuating the armature of the latter
to depress its pen to make a mark upon the paper placed in juxtaposition therewith.
The length of this mark, of course, corresponds to the length of time during which
the current through the stylus at the transmitting instrument is interrupted, and
this, in its turn, depends upon the width of the non-conducting ink line traversed
by the stylus. As the stylus at the transmitting instrument passes across the lines
of the written or graphic matter on the transmitting sheet in a definite path, it
follows that there is placed upon the receiving sheet a transverse series of marks
corresponding to the parts of the message which have broken the current at the
transmitting instrument, as described. As a new line of such marks is made with
each minute shifting of the transmitting sheet, with reference to the path of the
stylus, and a like change in the position of the receiving sheet with reference to
the pen is correspondingly made, it follows that a series of dots are formed upon
the receiving sheet, each of which corresponds in position to that part of some one
of the characters on the transmitting sheet which has broken the circuit, the
characters or lines on the transmitting sheet being thus reproduced in dotted
outline on the receiving sheet.
In order to render more certain the synchronous movements of th two motors
and their dependent parts, I provide to each an escapement so adjusted that the
two will run in equal time, and thereby, by giving to the screw, A, in each instru-
ment the same ratio of motion as in the other insure that exactitude in the
alternating movements in opposite directions of the two screws which is essential
to the deposit upon the receiving sheet of the lines of dots made by the pen of the
receiving instrument, in exact correspondence to the lines of non-conducting ink on
the transmitting sheet of the transmitting instrument. The said escapement for
each instrument is constructed and operates as follows.
The shaft, b, of the motor is extended to receive an escapement wheel, T, which
is fast on said shaft. A pallet, T', is arranged to work in conjunction with this
wheel, T. The pallet is operated from an arm, *, which extends from the
armature, px, of an electro-magnet, G', said arm being connected with the stem, ³,
of the pallet by a rod, G". The arm, rx, of the armature is a conductor and is
pressed back against an adjustable conducting stud, H, by a suitable spring, t*.
B

page_text: The current from a separate local battery at each end of the main line passes
through suitable conducting wires, n³, nt, to and through the coils of the electro-
magnet when the arm, rx, rests against the said stud. This puts the electro-magnet
in operation, the armature is drawn away from said stud and in its movements
actuates the pallet to let escape one tooth of the escapement wheel to permit a
corresponding movement of the motor. As this breaks the current the armature
is in turn released by the electro-magnet, and being brought back to its place by
the spring, tx, affords another and reverse movement to the escapement wheel, to
be followed by another movement of the armature when the current through the
electro-magnet, G¹, is re-established by the renewed contact of the arm with
the stud.
As the escapement and its adjuncts are duplicated, one to each instrument at
the end of the main line the current just mentioned of said batteries insures a
simultaneous and synchronous movement of the two escapements with a corre-
sponding identity in the speed and motions of the motors. By adjusting the
stud, H, the swing of the pallet and the time afforded at each movement or
vibration thereof may be readily regulated, and the escapement of the two motors
-one at each end of the line, as hereinbefore explained-being adjusted to work
in equal time, it follows that the synchronous operation of the motors and their
dependent parts on the two apparatuses is secured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is
1st. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit:-A feed roll for carrying a conducting transmitting
sheet, means for giving to said roll at intervals a feeding or fractionally rotative
movement, a screw revoluble in opposite directions and placed parallel or sub-
stantially so with said feed roll, a travelling nut placed upon and operated from
said screw, a stylus carried by said nut, and an electric motor revoluble in opposite
directions to communicate a like motion to the screw, substantially as and for the
purpose herein set forth.
2nd. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit A feed-roll for carrying a conducting transmitting
sheet, means for giving to said roll at intervals a feeding or fractionally rotative
movement, a screw revoluble in opposite directions and placed parallel or sub-
stantially so with said feed-roll, a travelling nut placed upon and operated from
said screw, a stylus carried by said nut, and an electric motor placed with its axis
of motion in the axial line of said screw and revoluble in opposite directions, and
means for coupling the motor to the screw to transmit the movements of the one
to the other in the same axial line, substantially as and for the purposes herein set
forth.
3rd. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit:-A feed-roll for carrying a conducting transmitting
sheet, means for giving to said roll at intervals a feeding intermittent or fractionally
rotative movement, a screw revoluble in opposite directions and placed parallel or
substantially so with said roll, a travelling nut which meshes with the thread of
said screw, a stylus carried by said nut, an electric motor provided to operate the
said screw, duplicate batteries of opposite polarity adapted for electric connection
with the motor to operate the same, and means for shifting the electrical connection
of the motor alternately from one to the other of said batteries to reverse. the
direction of the rotary motion of the motor and consequently that of the screw
and of the rectilinear movement of the nut and stylus, substantially as and for the
purpose herein set forth.
4th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus the combination of the
following elements; to wit:-A feed-roll for carrying a conducting transmitting
sheet, means for giving to said roll at intervals a feeding intermittent or fractionally

page_text: rotative movement, a screw revoluble in opposite directions and placed parallel or
substantially so with said roll, a travelling nut which meshes with the thread of
said screw, a stylus carried by said nut, an electric motor provided to operate the
said screw, duplicate batteries of opposite polarity adapted for electric connection
with the motor to operate the same, and mechanism adapted to be operated by the
nut at each limit of its rectilinear movement to shift the electrical connection of
the motor alternately from one to the other of said batteries to reverse the
direction of the rotary motion of the motor and the screw and of the rectilinear
movements of the nut and stylus, substantially as and for the purpose herein set
forth.
5th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit:--A feed-roll for carrying a receiving sheet, means for
giving to said roll a feeding, intermittent or fractionally rotative movement, a screw
revoluble in opposite directions, and placed parallel or substantially so with said
feed-roll, a travelling nut which meshes with the thread of said screw an armature
carried by said nut, an electric motor arranged to give motion to said screw,
duplicate batteries of opposite polarity adapted for electrical connection with said
motor to operate the same, means for shifting the electrical connection of the motor
alternately from one to the other of said batteries to reverse the direction of
motion of said motor, a pen carried by the armature, an electro-magnet carried by
the nut and adapted to actuate the armature to bring the pen to the receiving
sheet, and a battery adapted to form part of an electric circuit through said
electro-magnet to operate the armature, substantially as and for the purpose herein
set forth.
6th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit:-A feed-roll for carrying a receiving sheet, means for
giving to said roll a feeding, intermittent or fractionally rotative movement, as rew
revoluble in opposite directions and placed parallel or substantially so with said
feed-roll, a travelling nut which meshes with the thread of said screw, an armature
carried by said nut, an electric motor arranged to give motion to said screw,
duplicate batteries of opposite polarity adapted for electrical connection with said
motor to operate the same, mechanism adapted to be operated by the nut at each
limit of its rectilinear movement to shift the electrical connection of the motor
alternately from one to the other of said batteries to reverse the direction of
notion of said motor, a peu carried by the armature, an electro-magnet carried by
the nut and adapted to actuate the armature to bring the pen to the receiving
sheet, and a battery adapted to form part of an electric circuit through said
electro-magnet to operate the armature, substantially as and for the purpose herein
set forth.
7th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit:-A feed-roll for carrying a conducting transmitting
sheet, a feed-roll for carrying a receiving sheet, means for giving to each of said
rolls a feeding intermittent or fractionally rotative movement, a screw revoluble in
opposite directions and placed parallel or substantially so with the feed rolls, a
travelling nut which meshes with the thread of the screw, a stylus and a pen
carried by said nut and adapted to move over or upon, respectively, the transmitting
and receiving sheets, an armature connecting the pen with the nut and movable
with respect to the latter, an electro-magnet also carried by the said nut and
adapted to actuate the armature to bring the pen to the receiving sheet, duplicate
batteries of opposite polarity adapted the one for electrical connection with the
main line through the stylus the other for like connection through the electro-
magnet, and means for making and breaking the connections of said batteries with
the stylus and electro-maguet according as the instrument is required for use in
transmitting or receiving, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
8th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit:-A feed-roll for carrying a conducting transmitting
sheet, means for giving to said roll at intervals a feeding or fractionally rotative

page_text: movement, rollers placed parallel with said feed-roll to retain the transmitting sheet
smoothly upon the same and arranged to move in unison with said rolls, a screw
revoluble in opposite directions and placed parallel or substantially so with said
feed roll, a travelling nut which meshes with the thread of said screw, a stylus
carried by said nut, an electric motor provided to operate the said screw, duplicate
batteries of opposite polarity capable of electric connection with the motor to
operate the same, and means for shifting the electrical connection of the motor
alternately from one to the other of said batteries to reverse the direction of the
rotary motion of the motor and screw and of the rectilinear movement of the nut
and stylus, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
9th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit:-A feed-roll for carrying a conducting transmitting
sheet, means for giving to said roll at intervals a feeding intermittent or fractionally
rotative movement, swinging arms arranged at or near the ends of said roll, and
rollers journalled in said arms parallel with said roll and arranged to hold the
transmitting sheet to said roll to move in unison therewith, a screw revoluble in
opposite directions and placed parallel or substantially so with said roll, a travelling
nut which meshes with the thread of said screw, a stylus carried by said nut, an
electric motor provided to operate the said screw, duplicate batteries of opposite
polarity capable of electric connection with the motor to operate the same, and
means for shifting the electrical connection of the motor alternately from one to
the other of said batteries to reverse the direction of the rotary motion of the motor
and screw and of the rectilinear movement of the nut and stylus, substantially as
and for the purpose herein set forth.
10th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit:-A feed-roll for carrying a conducting transmitting
sheet, means for giving to said roll at intervals a feeding intermittent or fractionally
rotative movement, rollers placed parallel with said feed roll to retain the
transmitting sheet smoothly upon the same and arranged to move in unison with
said rolls, a screw revoluble in opposite directions and placed parallel or substan-
tially so with said roll, a travelling nut which meshes with the thread of said screw,
a stylus carried by said nut, an electric motor provided to operate the said screw,
duplicate batteries of opposite polarity capable of electric connection with the motor
to operate the same, and mechanism adapted to be operated by the nut at each
limit of its rectilinear movement to shift the electrical connection of the motor
alternately from one to the other of said batteries to reverse the direction of the
rotary motion of the motor and the screw and of the rectilinear movements of the
nut and stylus, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
11th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit:-A feed-roll for carrying a conducting transmitting
sheet, means for giving to said roll at intervals a feeding intermittent or fract onally
rotative movement, swinging arms arranged at or near the ends of sail roll, and
rollers jourualled in said arms parallel with said roll and arranged to hold the
transmitting sheet to said roll to move in unison therewith, a screw revoluble in
opposite directions and placed parallel or substantially so with said roll, a travelling
nut which meshes with the thread of said screw, a stylus carried by said nut, an
electric motor provided to operate the said screw, duplicate batteries of opposite
polarity capable of electric connection with the motor to operate the same, and
mechanism adapted to be operated by the nut at each limit of its rectilinear
movement to shift the electrical connection of the motor alternately frem one to the
other of said batteries to reverse the direction of the rotary motion of the motor and
the screw and of the rectilinear movements of the nut and stylus, substantially as
and for the purpose herein set forth.
12th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit:-A feed-roll for carrying a receiving sheet, means for
giving to said roll a feeding, intermittent or fractionally rotative movement, rollers
placed parallel with said feed roll to retain the transmitting sheet smoothly upɔn

page_text: the same, and arranged to move in unison with said rolls, a screw revoluble in
opposite directions, and placed parallel or substantially so with said feed roll, a
travelling nut which meshes with the thread of said screw, an armature carried by
said nut, an electric motor arranged to give motion to said screw, duplicate
batteries of opposite polarity adapted for electrical connection with said motor to
operate the same, and means for shifting the electrical connection of the motor
alternately from one to the other of said batteries to reverse the direction of said
motor, a pen carried by said armature, an electro-magnet carried by the nut and
adapted to actuate the armature to bring the pen to the receiving sheet, and a
battery adapted to form part of an electric circuit through said electro-magnet,
substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
13th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit:-A feed-roll for carrying a receiving sheet, means for
giving to said roll a feeding, intermittent or fractionally rotative movement,
swinging arms arranged at or near the ends of said roll, and rollers journalled in
said arms parallel with said roll and arranged to hold the cransmitting sheet to said
roll to move in unison therewith, a screw revoluble in opposite directions, and
placed parallel or substantially so with said feed roll, a travelling nut which meshes
with the thread of said screw, an armature carried by said nut, an electric motor
arranged to give motion to said screw, duplicate batteries of opposite polarity
adapted for electrical connection with said motor to operate the same, and means
for shifting the electrical connection of the motor alternately from one to the other
of said batteries to reverse the direction of motion of said motor, a pen carried by
said armature, an electro-magnet carried by the nut and adapted to actuate the
armature to bring the pen to the receiving sheet, and a battery adapted to form
part of an electric circuit through said electro-magnet, substantially as and for the
purpose herein set forth.
14th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit: A feed roll for carrying a receiving sheet, means for
giving to said roll a feeding, intermittent or fractionally rotative movement, rollers
placed parallel with said feed roll to retain the transmitting sheet smoothly upon
the same, and arranged to move in unison with said rolls, a screw revoluble in
opposite directions and placed parallel or substantially so with said feed roll, a
travelling nut which meshes with the thread of said screw, an armature carried by
said nut, an electric motor arranged to give motion to said screw, duplicate
batteries of opposite polarity adapted for electrical connection with said motor to
operate the same, mechanism adapted to be operated by the nut at each limit of
its rectilinear movement to shift the electrical connection of the motor alternately
from one to the other of said batteries to reverse the direction of motion of said
motor, a pen carried by said armature, an electro-magnet carried by the nut and
adapted to actuate the armature to bring the pen to the receiving sheet, and a
battery adapted to form part of an electric circuit through said electro-magnet,
substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
15th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit: A feed-roll for carrying a transmitting sheet of the
character described, a feed-rol! for carrying a receiving sheet, means for giving to
each of said rolls a feeding, intermittent or fractionally rotative movement,
swinging arms arranged at or near the ends of said rolls, and rollers journalled in
said arms parallel with said roll and arranged to hold the transmitting sheet to
said roll to move in unison therewith, a screw revoluble in opposite directions and
placed parallel or substantially so with the feed rolls, a travelling nut which
meshes with the thread of the screw, a stylus and a pen carried by said nut and
adapted to move over or upon, respectively, the transmitting and receiving sheets,
an armature connecting the pen with the nut and movable with respect to the
latter, an electro-magnet also carried by the said nut and adapted to, on occasion,
actuate the armature to bring the pen to the receiving sheet, duplicate batteries of
opposite polarity and adapted, the one for electrical connection with the main line

page_text: through the stylus, the other for like connection through the electro-magnet, and
means for making and breaking the connections of said batteries with the stylus
and electro-magnet, according as the instrument is required for use in transmitting
or receiving, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
16th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the
following elements, to wit: A feed-roll for carrying a transmitting sheet of the
character described, a feed-roll for carrying a receiving sheet, means for giving to
cach of said rolls a feeding, intermittent or fractionally rotative movement, rollers
placed parallel with said feed roll to retain the transmitting sheet smoothly upon
the same, and arranged to move in unison with said rolls, a screw revoluble in
opposite directions and placed parallel or substantially so with the feed-rolls, a
travelling nut which meshes with the thread of the screw, a stylus and a pen
carried by said nut and adapted to move over or upon, respectively, the transmitting
and receiving sheets, an armature connecting the pen with the nut and movable
with respect to the latter, an electro-magnet also carried by the said nut and
adapted to actuate the armature to bring the pen to the receiving sheet, duplicate
batteries of opposite polarity and adapted, the one for electrical connection with
the main line through the stylus, the other for like connection through the electro-
magnet, and means for making and breaking the connections of said batteries with
the stylus and electro-magnet, according as the instrument is required for use in
transmitting or receiving, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
17th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the feed
screw, A, adapted to rotate in opposite directions without longitudinal movement of
its own, means for affording such movement to said screw, feed rolls, C, placed at
opposite sides of said screw, means for affording a fractional and intermittent
rotative movement to said feed rolls, clamping rolls, D, placed parallel with the
feed rolls and movable with reference thereto, the saddle E, constructed with a nut
for the passage and operation of the feed-screw to give motion to the saddle, the
electro-magnet, F, carried by the saddle, the armature, G, also carried by said
saddle and adapted to be actuated from said electro-magnet, the pen, H, carried by
the free end of the armature, the arm, I, also carried by said saddie and extended
therefrom in a direction opposite that of the armature, the conducting stylus, J,
carried by said arm and insulated from the pen, a source or sources of electric
energy and connections for, on occasions, transmitting currents from such source to
and through the stylus, and to and through the electro-magnet to actuate the pen,
the whole arranged for use and operation, substantially as and for the purpose
herein set forth.
18th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the feed
screw, A, adapted to rotate in opposite directions without longitudinal movement
of its own, an electric motor constructed and arranged to rotate alternately in
opposite directions, mechanism connecting the shaft of said motor with the said
feeding screw to transmit corresponding motion thereto, feed rolls. C, placed at
opposite sides of said screw, means for affording a fractional and intermittent
rotative movement to said feed rolls, clamping rolls, D, placed parallel with the
feed rolls and movable with reference thereto, the saddle, E, constructed with a
nut for the passage and operation of the feed screw to give motion to the saddle,
the electro-magnet, F, carried by the saddle, the armature, G, also carried by said
saddle and adapted to be actuated from said electro-magnet, the pen, H, carried
by the free end of the armature, the arm, I, also carried by said saddle and
extended therefrom in a direction opposite that of the armature, the conducting
stylus, J, carried by said arm and insulated from the pen, a source or sources of
electric energy and connections for, on occasion, transmitting currents from such
source to and through the stylus, and to and through the electro-magnet to actuate
the pen, the whole arranged for use and operation, substantially as and for the
purpose herein set forth.
19th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the feed
screw, A, adapted to rotate in opposite directions without longitudinal movement

page_text: of its own, an electric motor constructed and arranged to rotate alternately in
opposite directions and with its shaft axially coincident with said screw, a coupling
connecting said shaft with said screw, feed-rolls, C, placed at opposite sides of said
screw, means for affording a fractional and intermittent rotative movement to said
feed rolls, clamping rolls, D, placed parallel with the feed rolls and movable with
reference thereto, the saddle, E, constructed with a nut for the passage and
operation of the feed-screw to give motion to the saddle, batteries of opposite
polarity for operating the motor and mechanism for automatically shifting the
motor from the current of one battery to that of the other to reverse the motion of
the latter as the saddle reaches the limit of its movement in each direction along
the feed screw, the electro-magnet, F, carried by the saddle, the armature, G, also
carried by said saddle and adapted to be actuated from said electro-magnet, the
pen, H, carried by the free end of the armature, the arm, I, also carried by said
saddle and extended therefrom in a direction opposite that of the armature, the
conducting stylus, J, carried by said arm and insulated from the pen, a source or
sources of electric energy and connections for, on occasion, transmitting currents
froin such source to and through the stylus, and to and through the electro-magnet.
to actuate the pen, the whole arranged for use and operation, substantially as and
for the purpose herein set forth.
20th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the feed
screw, A, adapted to rotate alternately in opposite directions without longitudinal
movement of its own, the feed rolls, C, and clamping rolls, D, placed parallel with
said screw, the saddle, E, constructed with a nut for the passage and operation of
the feed screw to give movement to the saddle, the electro-magnet, F, carried by
the saddle, the armature, G, also carried by the saddle and adapted to be actuated
from said electro-magnet, the pen, H, carried by the free end of the armature, the
arm, I, also carried by the saddle and extended therefrom in a direction opposite
that of the arinature, the conducting stylus, J, carried by said arın and insulated
from the pen, batteries of opposite polarity to operate said motor, two separate
circuit closing and breaking devices, placed one at each end of the feeding screw, a
main line looped or extended to said two devices, and mechanism for actuating said
devices to open the one circuit and close the other simultaneously with the limit of
motion in either direction of the saddle and parts carried thereby along the feeding
screw, the whole arranged for joint use and operation, substantially as herein set
forth.
21st. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the feed
screw, A, adapted to rotate alternately in opposite directions without longitudinal
movement of its own, the feed rolls, C, and clamping rolls, D, placed parallel with
said screw, the saddle, E, constructed with a nut for the passage and operation of
the feed screw to give movement to the saddle, the electro-magnet, F, carried by the
saddle, the armature, G, also carried by the saddle and adapted to be actuated from
said electro-magnet, the pen, H, carried by the free end of the armature, the arm, I,
also carried by the saddle and extended therefrom in a direction opposite that of
the armature, the conducting stylus, J, carried by said arm and insulated from the
pen, batteries of opposite polarity to operate said motor, two separate circuit closing
and breaking devices placed one at each end of the feeding screw, contact blocks, g¹,
placed at opposite ends of the feeding screw, contact pieces, p, placed to co-operate
with said contact blocks to open and close the circuits to operate the motor in the
one direction and the other, a main line looped or extended to said contact
blocks and contact pieces and devices actuated from the feeding screw to
operate contact blocks as the saddle and the parts carried thereby approach or
reach the limit of their movement in each direction along the screw, the whole
arranged for joint use and operation, substantially as herein set forth.
22nd. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of the feed
screw, A, adapted to rotate alternately in opposite directions without longitudinal
movement of its own, the feed rolls, C, and clamping rolls, D, placed parallel with

page_text: said screw, the saddle, E, constructed with a nut for the passage and operation of
the feed screw to give movement to the saddle, the electro-magnet, F, carried by the
saddle, the armature, G, also carried by the saddle and adapted to be actuated from
said electro-magnet, the pen, H, carried by the free end of the armature, the arm I,
also carried by the saddle and extended therefrom in a direction opposite that of the
armature, the conducting stylus, J, carried by said arm and insulated from the pen,
batteries of opposite polarity to operate said motor, two separate circuit closing and
breaking devices placed one at each end of the feeding screw, contact blocks, g',
placed at opposite ends of the feeding screw, contact pieces, gl, placed to co-operate
with said contact blocks, the sliding har, R, having studs, d and e, and adapted to
alternately operate the contact blocks by its longitudinal movement in opposite
directions and provided with stops, c¹, arranged to receive the impact of the arch of
the saddle as the latter with the parts carried thereby approaches or reaches the
limit of its movement in each direction along the screw, the whole arranged for
joint use and operation, substantially as herein set forth.
23rd. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of a feeding
screw, A, revoluble in opposite directions, means for thus operating the said screw,
feed rolls, C, adapted to carry, respectively, a conducting transmitting sheet and a
receiving sheet and each provided with a ratchet wheel, m, the pivoted swinging
bars, M, carrying pawls, r, and s, at their opposite ends, the slotted transverse
bar, N, connecting said swinging bars, the bar, R, extended through the slot of
said bar, N, and constructed with opposing inclined planes, f, bearing against the
ends of said slot, a travelling nut placed upon and actuated by the feeding screw,
a stylus carried by said nut and adapted to traverse the surface of the transmitting
sheet, a pen also carried by said nut and adapted to be brought into contact with
the receiving sheet while passing over the same, and mechanism for transmitting
motion from the feeding screw to the bar, R, when the nut approaches the limit of
its movement in either direction upon said screw, the whole arranged for joint use
and operation, substantially as herein set forth.
24th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of a feeding
screw, A, revoluble in opposite directions, an electric motor constructed and
arranged to rotate alternately in like opposite directions, meaus for transmitting
the motion of the said motor to the said screw duplicate batteries of opposite
polarity, means for shifting the said motor from the current of one of said batteries
to that of the other to alternate the motion of the motor in opposite directions, feed
rolls, C, adapted to carry respectively, a conducting transmitting sheet and a
receiving sheet and each provided with a ratchet wheel, m, the pivoted swinging
bars, M, carrying pawls, r, and s, at their opposite ends, the slotted transverse
bar, N, connecting said swinging bars, the bar, R, extended through the slot of said
bar, N, and constructed with opposing inclined planes, f, bearing against the ends
of said slot, a travelling nut placed upon and actuated by the feeding screw, a
stylus carried by said nut and adapted to traverse the surface of the transmitting
sheet, a pen also carried by said nut and adapted to be brought into contact with
the receiving sheet while passing over the same, and mechanism for transmitting
motion from the feeding screw to the bar, R, when the nut approaches the limit of
its movement in either direction upon said screw, the whole arranged for joint use
and operation, substantially as herein set forth.
screw,
25th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of a feeding
A, revoluble in opposite directions, an electric motor constructed and arranged
to rotate alternately in like opposite direction, means for transmitting the motion of
the said motor to the said screw duplicate batteries of opposite polarity, means for
shifting the said motor from the current of one of said batteries to that of the other to
alternate the motion of the motor in opposite directions, feed rolls, C, adapted to
carry, respectively, a conducting transmitting sheet and a receiving sheet and eacli
provided with a ratchet wheel, m, the pivoted swinging bars, M, carrying pawls, 1,
and s, at their opposite ends, the slotted transverse bar, n, connecting said swinging

page_text: bars, the bar, R, extended through the slot of said bar, N, and constructed with
opposing inclined planes, f, bearing against the ends of said slot, a travelling nut
placed upon and actuated by the feeding screw, a stylus carried by said nut and
adapted to traverse the surface of the transmitting sheet, a pen also carried by said
nut and adapted to be brought into contact with the receiving sheet while passing
over the same, and mechanism for transmitting motion from the feeding screw to
the bar, R, when the nut approaches the limit of its movement in either direction
upon said screw, separate circuit closing and breaking devices placed at opposite
ends of the feeding screw, a main line looped or extended to said circuit closing
devices, and mechanism for operating said devices alternately from the travelling
nut as the latter reaches or approaches the limit in either direction of its movement
upon the screw, substantially as herein set forth.
26th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of a feed
roll for carrying a conducting transmitting sheet, means for giving to said roll at
intervals a feeding or fractional rotative movement, a screw revoluble in opposite
directions and placed parallel or substantially so with said feed roll, a travelling nut
placed upon and operative from said screw, an electric motor revoluble in opposite
directions, means for transmitting such alternating movements to the screw, a stylus
carried by said nut and an escapement arranged in co-operative relation with the
shaft of the motor to synchronize the revolutions of the latter, substantially as and
for the purpose herein set forth.
27th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of a feed
rell for carrying a conducting transmitting sheet, means for giving to said roll at
intervals a feeding or fractional rotative movement, a screw revoluble in opposite
directions and placed parallel or substantially so with said feed roll, a travelling nut
placed upon and operative from said screw, a stylus carried by said nut, an electric
motor revoluble in opposite directions to operate the screw, duplicate batteries of
opposite polarity, means for shifting the motor alternately from the current of one
battery to that of the other to reverse the motion of the motor and consequently of
the screw, and an escapement arranged in co-operative relation with the motor to
synchronize the revolutions of the latter, substantially as and for the purpose herein
set forth.
28th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of a feed
roll for carrying a conducting transmitting sheet, means for giving to said roll at
intervals a feeding or fractional rotative movement, a screw revoluble in opposite
directions and placed parallel or substantially so with said feed roll, a travelling
nut placed upon and operative from said screw, an electric motor revoluble in
opposite directions, means for transmitting such alternating movements to the screw,
a travelling nut placed upon and actuated from said screw, an escapement wheel, T,
fast on the shaft of the motor, a pallet, T', having a stem ², and arranged to
co-operate with said wheel, an electro-magnet, G, an armature, r, having a
conducting arm, r*, a rod, G", to connect the stem of the pallet with the arm of the
armature, a conducting stud, H", and a spring, tx, for throwing the armature from
the electro-magnet, the whole arranged for joint use and operation, substantially as
and for the purpose herein set forth.
29th. In a facsimile or copying telegraph apparatus, the combination of a feed
roll for carrying a conducting transmitting sheet, means for giving to said roll at
intervals a feeding or fractional rotative movement, a screw revoluble in opposite
directions and placed parallel or substantially so with said feed roll, a travelling
nut placed upon and operative from said screw, a stylus carried by said nut, an
electric motor revoluble in opposite directions to operate the screw, duplicate
batteries of opposite polarity, means for shifting the motor alternately from the
current of one battery to that of the other to reverse the motion of the motor and
consequently of the screw, an escapement wheel, T, fast on the shaft of the motor, a
pallet, T, having a stem, p², and arranged to co-operate with said wheel, an electro-
magnet, Ġ',
an armature, r, having a conducting arm, r*, a rod, G", to connect the
C

page_text: stem of the pallet with the arm of the armature, a conducting stud, H", and a
spring, tx, for throwing the armature from the electro-magnet, the whole arranged
for joint use and operation, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.
Dated this 13th day of November 1894.
ALLISON BROS.,
52, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.