IMPROVE- MENTS IN VALVES AND COCKS "
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Philip Preston, John Theodore Prestige, and
Edwin James Preston trading as J Stone & Co Engineers, and Alfred
Thomas Cornish and William George Simmons both in the employ of the said
firm, all of Deptford in the County of Kent for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN VALVES AND COCKS
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Philip Preston,
John Theodore Prestige, Edwin James Preston, Alfred Thomas Cornish and
William George Simmons at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on
the 11th November 1882.
"
FREDERICK PHILIP PRESTON, JOHN THEODORE PRESTIGE and EDWIN JAMES
PRESTON trading as J Stone & Co Engineers and ALFRED THOMAS CORNISH
and WILLIAM GEORGE SIMMONS both in the employ of the said firm, all of
Deptford in the County of Kent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES AND COCKS
"
According to this invention we prevent leakage in some constructions of cocks
and valves, we enable their stuffing boxes to be repacked under pressure, and we
improve their general construction and efficiency, all as hereinafter described.
In the so called high pressure loose valve double action cocks in which the lower
valve is loose and independent of the upper or spindle valve we make the lower or
loose valve as a float valve so that the liquid itself has a tendency to float it up
against its seat thus ensuring closing even at low pressure and enabling the
upper or spindle valve to be removed, when the spindle stuffing box requires
re-packing.
We prefer to make the float valve in the form of an india rubber hollow ball
with wood core. The float valve when in its lower position rests in a cup or cage,
This construction of valve is also applicable to double valve closets.
In double seated valves we make the lower valve loose or independent of the
upper valve, but movable in or on its spindle with the view of preventing
leakage so that even if one of the valves or seats should leak the other may be
tight

page_text: We form or fix the upper valve on the screwed spindle and continue the
spindle or stem below this valve and we movably connect the lower valve thereto
by screwing so that the upper valve spindle fits in or on the stem of the lower
valve which by means of the guide is prevented from turning. The bottom of the
upper valve seats itself on a seating round the water way of the cock formed in a
diaphragm or partition in the body of the casting; the top of the lower valve
seats itself up against a seating formed on the underside of the same partition.
Both valves may be faced with leather or other suitable yielding material. To
open the valve the spindle is turned so as to raise it in or on the screw thread of
the lower valve until the upper valve comes against the top of the inside of the
cover of the casting; the continued turning of the spindle will depress the lower or
loose valve thus opening the passage through the seatings. If the stuffing box is
to be repacked under pressure this latter will bold the lower valve up to its
seating while the upper one may if desired be removed. This construction of valve is
also applicable to double valve water-closets. For low pressure valves we prefer
to provide an additional loose seating to allow of repacking or repairing while
under such low pressure which may not be sufficient to keep the lower valve on
its seat.
"
"
In sluice valves or cocks in which the valve proper is loose and movable on a
screwed spindle we form the latter with a collar above the bridge that supports
it and we form the underside of the cover with a corresponding recess to receive a
cup leather
or hydraulic joint ring of leather or other suitable material
according to the liquid to which such joint is exposed. This ring makes joint
round the collar so that the stuffing box may be repacked without shutting off the
sluice valve. To keep the cup leather supple we provide a small slanting hole
leading down to it (and which can be closed with a screw plug) for enabling oil,
-glycerine or other liquid-to-be-poured-in.-
For tapping ferrules_for_water_and_other_mains as now made according-to-the-
Specification of Morris's Patent N° 1457 of 1872 and in which a loose screwed
valve or plug is used for closing the ferrule inserted in the main and subsequently
screwed up into the T junction piece we fit the top of the latter with a cap
with leather washer to prevent leakage and screw the outside of the junction
piece to receive the cap, thus doing away with the present tubular cap with white
lead joint.
In double valve ship's closets we so arrange the valves on the spindle that the
lower valve will be closed before the upper one begins to open thus preventing the
sea water or gases from finding their way up from the soil pipe. For this purpose
the lower valve is loosely connected with the upper valve by cam slot and pin or
roller so that by raising the pull or handle the upper valve is made to turn partly
round and to raise the lower valve until it rests on its seat, the further raising of
the bandle causing the upper valve to be lifted from its seat. Or we connect the
lower valve to the pull spindle and the upper valve to a sleeve thereon and to
knuckle joint levers connected to the spindle so that on raising the pull spindle
the knuckle joint levers are folded up and the lower valve closed while the upper
valve is opened.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Lettors Patent filed
by the said Frederick Philip Preston, John Theodore Prestige, Edwin James
Preston, Alfred Thomas Cornish and William George Simmons in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 11th May 1883.
FREDERICK PHILIP PRESTON, JOHN THEODORE PRESTIGE and EDWIN JAMES
PRESTON trading as J. Stone & Co. Engineers and ALFRED THOMAS CORNISH and
WILLIAM GEORGE SIMMONS both in the employ of the said firm all of Deptford
in the County of Kent "IMPROVEMENTS IN VALVES AND COCKS'
"
According to this invention we prevent leakage in some constructions of cocks
and valves, we enable their stuffing boxes to be repacked under pressure, and we
improve their general construction and efficiency all as hereinafter described.
In double seated valves we make the lower valve loose or independent of the
upper valve, but movable in or on its spindle, with the view of preventing leakage
so that even if one of the valves or seats should leak the other may be tight. We
form or fix the upper valve on the screwed spindle and continue the spindle or stem
below this valve and we movably connect the lower valve thereto by screwing so
that the upper valve spindle fits in or on the stem of the lower valve which by
means of a guide is prevented from turning. The bottom of the upper valve seats
itself on a seating round the water way of the cock formed in a diaphragm or
partition in the body of the casting the top of the lower valve seats itself up against
a seating formed on the underside of the same partition. Both valves may be
faced with leather or other suitable yielding material. To open the valve the
spindle is turned so as to raise it in or on the screw thread of the lower valve
until the upper valve comes against the top of the inside of the cover of the casting;
the continued turning of the spindle will depress the lower or loose valve thus
opening the passage through the seatings. If the stuffing box is to be repacked
under pressure the pressure in the main will hold the lower valve up to its seating
while the upper one may if desired be removed.
For low pressure valves we prefer to provide an additional loose or detachable
screw plug to allow of repacking or repairing while under such low pressure which
may not be sufficient to keep the lower valve on to its seat.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings shews a construction of double seated
valve the upper valve A is formed on the spindle A' the lower part A² of which is
continued below the valve A and formed with screw thread there, the lower valve
B forming its nut and being guided in the botton cover C, so that it can work up
and down therein but is prevented from turning by a feather or other well known
means. The bottom of the upper valve A and top of the lower valve B seat
themselves respectively on the top and bottom of the partition D through which
the water way is formed. The action of the valve is as follows:-on turning the
spindle Around to the left the valve A or rather the screwed part A' below the
same will first unscrew itself from the bottom valve B which remains in the raised
position against its seat until the upper valve A comes against the inside of the
cover E, the continued turning of the spindle will cause the lower valve B to be
depressed thus opening the passage or water way through the partition D.
If the stuffing box is to be repacked under pressure. The cover E may be removed
and the valve A and screw A³ be unscrewed entirely from the valve B the water
pressure holding the latter up to its seat.
Figure 2 shews a similar construction of valve but a different arrangement of the
seat packings or joint rings which are fitted into the top and bottom of the
partition D instead of being fitted in the valves A and B as in Figure 1.

page_text: Figure 3 shews an arrangement of valve in which when it is fixed on low pressure
mains, or when the pressure is altogether removed, the lower valve B is held up to
its seat by a detachable screw plug A.
In Figure 4 we have shown a valve which acts in a different manner inasmuch
as the upper valve A and the lower valve B which latter is prevented from turning
are made to approach each other or recede from each other simultaneously, this is
effected by a right and left handed screw arrangement the screw B' working in the
spindle A which is screwed outside and has its nut formed in the cover E. The
screw thread on the spindle A' is half the pitch of the screw thread of B¹.
In sluice valves or cocks in which the valve proper is loose and movable on a
screwed spindle we form the latter with a collar above the bridge that supports it
and we form the underside of the cover with a corresponding recess to receive a
cup-leather or hydraulic joint ring of leather or other suitable material according
to the liquid to which such joint is exposed. This ring makes joint round the
collar so that the stuffing-box may be repacked without shutting off the sluice
valve. To keep the cup-leather supple we provide a small slanting hole leading
down to it (and which can be closed with a screw plug) for enabling oil glycerine
or other liquid to be poured in.
Figure 5 shows an arrangement of sluice valve spindle A having a collar A¹ above
the bridge B that supports it. The cover C is formed with a corresponding recess
to receive a "cup leather" D This latter makes joint round the collar A¹ so that
the stuffing box C' may be repacked without shutting off the sluice valve.
E is a small slanting hole leading down to the cup leather D and serving-to pour
in a little oil or glycerine to keep the cup leather supple The hole E is closed by
a stop screw as shown. F is a metal ring recessed in the cover C and against
which the top of the collar A² seats itself.
Figure 6 shows a similar arrangement of cup leather which however fits round
the lower unenlarged part of spindle A. The spindle having a collar A¹ with conical
upper face which seats itself against a metal ring F that is recessed into the cover C
the collar A' serving also to retain the spindle in position.
Figure 7 shows an arrangement of cup leather packing for sluice valve where the
spindle is made without stuffing box the top of the collar A' seating itself against a
metal ring F.
Figure 8 shows another arrangement of sluice valve cover without stuffing box
and in which the spindle has a collar A¹ with conical upper face as in Figure 6.
For tapping ferrules for water and other mains as now made according to the
specification of Morris's patent No 1451 of 1872 and in which a loose screwed
valve or plug is used for closing the ferrule inserted in the main and subsequently
screwed up into the T junction piece we fit the top of the latter with a cap with
leather washer to prevent leakage and screw the outside of the junction piece
to receive the cap thus doing away with the present tubular cap with white lead
joint.
Figure 9 is a vertical section through such an improved construction of ferrule a
having an inner plug or screw valve d and which is screwed into the T junction
piece b; this latter is closed at top by an internally screwed cap c the outside of
the piece b being, correspondingly screwed.
In double valve ships closets we so arrange the valves on the spindle that the
lower valve will be closed before the upper one begins to open thus preventing the
seawater or gases from finding their way from the soil pipe For this purpose
the lower valve is loosely connected with the upper valve by cam slot and pin or
roller so that by raising the pull or handle the lower valve is raised until it rests
on its seat, the further raising of the handle causing the upper valve to be lifted
from its seat. In carrying this part of our Invention into effect we have found it
advantageous (though not by any means necessary) to arrange the valves in a
position below the base of the pau and to provide above them an after flush cistern
which is charged by the supply valve, these improvements are also partly applicable
to other closet constructions.

page_text: Figure 10 is a side elevation and Figure 11 a vertical longitudinal section
through a double-valve ships closet, the pull rod A is jointed to a lever B on the
fulcrum spindle of which is also fixed a double armed lever C, the upper arm of
which works in a cam slot of a lever D the fulcrum spindle of which forms the
fulcrum for the upper valve D' which serves to close the lower passage from the
pan F. The other arm of the lever C is similarly connected to and works in a
cam-slot of a lever E, on the fulcrum spindle of which is fixed the lower valve El
which serves to close the outlet passage to the sea. The form and position of the
cam levers D and E is such that the lower valve E' is first closed before the upper
valve D' begins to open G is an overflow passage leading from the chamber above
the valve E to the passage below the said valve; it is fitted with a valve Gl
which can open towards the said lower passage to relieve any undue pressure that
might be produced in the chamber between the two valves by the sudden closing
of the lower valve El. The position of the valve D¹ being lateral to the pan F,
the latter will when lined with porcelain or enamelled, present a clean smooth
surface.
The lever B also actuates the rod H for the water supply valve H¹ which is
shewn in vertical section at Figure 12 but not separately claimed in this Invention.
This valve H' besides supplying the usual scouring lateral flush of the pan is of
sufficient size to also charge the small cistern I which has a small lateral opening
or openings I at the bottom through which the contents of the cistern I are
discharged into the pan mainly after the valve H' has been closed, thus producing
an after flush.
Figure 13 is a side elevation of a similar arrangement of ship's closet in which
the weight A' on the pull rod A is guided by the guide A³
Figure 14 shews an arrangement of closet having the valve D¹ similarly arranged
laterally to the pan F and having an after flush cistern I in connection with the
supply valve Has in the previous examples.
Figure 15 is a vertical section and Figure 16 a side elevation of a similar form
or construction of closet but having the valve D' placed at a different angle.
Figure 17 is a vertical section of a closet of a somewhat similar form in which
however the valve D' is directly connected to the pull handle A. The flushing
valve H' being operated by lever connection from the pull rod A.
Figure 18 is a vertical section through a similar arrangement except that it is
formed with a trap.
And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this our Invention and
the manner of carrying the same into effect we declare with reference to the first
part of this our Invention that we are aware that it has heretofore been proposed
to work two valves from one and the same spindle and such an arrangement is
shown and described with reference to Figure 11a in the Specification of the expired
Patent of Blakeborough and Beck N° 227 of 1875 but the action of that arrange-
ment if properly constructed would be such that the two valves by the turning
of the spindle would be made to simultaneously move towards or from each other
and moreover the valves as described and shown in the said patent Specification
would not work this also partly applies to valves described and shown in Restlers
patent Specification N° 3372 of 1882 but We claim.
Firstly-The construction of double seated valves substantially as described
with reference to Figures 1. 2. and 3 in which the upper valve is first raised to
the top of its lift and then the lower guided valve is lowered from its seat both
valves being actuated from the same spindle.
Secondly: The improved form or construction of double seated valve sub-
stantially as described with reference to Figure 4 in which the upper and lower
valve are made to move to or from each other simultaneously.
Thirdly-The modes of packing the spindles of sluice valves substantially as
described with reference to Figures 5, 67 and 8
Fourthly:-The improved form or construction of tapping ferrule fitting sub-
stantially as described with reference to Figure 9

page_text: Fifthly The general arrangement and combination of parts substantially as
described with reference to Figures 10 to 18 with special reference to the
arrangement and mode of working of the valves, also the combination of the
after flush cistern therewith.
In witness whereof I the said Frederick Philip Preston for myself and on
behalf of the said John Theodore Prestige, Edwin James Preston, Alfred
Thomas Cornish, and William George Simmons have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Tenth day of May in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eightythree: