A New or improved method of and Apparatus for manufacturing Tin and Terne Plates or Sheets and for Galvanizing Sheets of Iron.
Year: 1885

page_text: A New or improved method of and Apparatus for manufacturing
Tin and Terne Plates or Sheets and for Galvanizing Sheets
of Iron.
I GEORGE LEYSHON of N° 48 Tividale Road Tipton in the County of Stafford
Tin house Superintendent do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING TIN
AND TERNE PLATES OR SHEETS AND FOR GALVANIZING SHEETS OF IRON
to be as
follows:-
"
In manufacturing tin and terne plates according to my invention I dispense with
the tinman's pan the double pot called the washman's pot and also with the
brushing of the plates with hemp and I conduct the manufacture in the manner
and by the use of the apparatus herein after described.
In manufacturing tin and terne plates of the ordinary size I employ an ordinary
tinman's pot containing melted tin or terne metal having at its top a hopper
containing melted fluxes such as are used for tinning. The iron plates cleaned by
pickling in the ordinary way are passed downwards one at a time through the
said hopper into the melted metal. The lower edge of the plate is received on a
cradle or support and by means of guides in the pot the upper edge of the plate is
made to pass under a nearly horizontal partition in the upper part of the pot and
is brought under a narrow passage or opening terininating above the level of the
molten metal up which passage or opening the plate is lifted vertically by the
raising of the cradle on which its lower edge rests. Immediately over the passage
or opening described is a pair of hollow rolls each revolving round a fixed tube
with burners inserted for heating the roll by gas or otherwise. The coated plate
on rising from the pot is seized by the said rolls and in passing between them the
superfluous metal is removed and a smooth surface is given to the coating. The
lower parts of the said rolls are immersed in troughs containing melted tallow
rosin or palm oil. The plate after passing between the rolls is taken hold of by
tongs and cleaned in the usual way.
In manufacturing tin and terne sheets of large size I proceed as herein before
described excepting that I do not employ the pair of rolls over the tin pot of

page_text: melted metal but transfer the plates from this pot by means of tongs to an ordinary
grease pot having rolls and treat the plate in a grease pot and finish it in the
ordinary way.
By my invention great saving of labour time and material in the manufacture
of tin and terne plates is effected. The plates are of a quality superior to that of
plates manufactured in the ordinary way in consequence of the absence of the
many grippings by tongs required in the ordinary manufacture each of which
grippings slightly injures the plate.
The apparatus employed in the ordinary manufacture can be altered so as to be
available for the carrying out of my invention at a small cost.
My invention is applicable to the galvanizing of sheets of iron the rolls herein-
before described being placed above the pot instead of in the molten metal.
Dated this twentieth day of August 1885.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Tin and Terne Plates or Sheets and for Galvanizing Sheets
of Iron.
I GEORGE LEYSHON of N° 48 Tividale Road, Tipton in the County of Stafford
Tin House Superintendent do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In manufacturing tin and terne plates according to my invention I dispense with
the tinman's pan, the double pot called the washman's pot, and also with the brushing
of the plates with hemp and I conduct the manufacture in the manner and by the
use of the apparatus hereinafter described.
In manufacturing tin and terne plates or large sheets I employ an ordinary
tinman's pot containing melted tin or terne metal having at its top a hopper con-
taining melted grease, rosin or fluxes such as are used for tinning. The iron plates
or sheets cleaned by pickling in the ordinary way are passed downwards one at a
time through the said hopper into the melted metal. The lower edge of the plate
is received on a cradle or support and by means of guides in the pot the upper
edge of the plate is made to pass under a nearly horizontal partition in the upper
part of the pot and is brought under a narrow passage or opening terminating
above the level of the molten metal, up which passage or opening the plate is lifted
vertically by the raising of the cradle on which its lower edge rests. Immediately
over the passage or opening described is a pair of hollow rolls each revolving round
a fixed tube with burners inserted for heating the roll by gas or otherwise. The
coated plate on rising from the pot is seized by the said rolls and in passing
between them, the superfluous metal is removed and a smooth surface is given to
the coating. The lower parts of the said rolls are immersed in troughs containing
melted tallow, rosin or palm oil. The plate after passing between the rolls is taken
hold of by tongs and cleaned in the usual way.
:
By my invention great saving of labour, time and material in the manufacture
of tin and terne plates is effected. The plates produced are of a quality superior
to that of plates manufactured in the ordinary way in consequence of the absence
of the many grippings by tongs required in the ordinary manufacture, each of
which grippings slightly injures the plate.
The apparatus employed in the ordinary manufacture can be altered so as to be
available for the carrying out of my invention at a small cost.
My invention is applicable to the galvanizing of sheets of iron the rolls herein-
before described being placed above the pot instead of in the molten metal.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the
manner in which my invention is to be performed.
Figures 1 and 2 represent in vertical section apparatus constructed according to
my invention for the manufacture of tin and terne plates or sheets: Figure 3
represents an end elevation of the same and Figure 4 a plan of the same; Figure 5
represents a longitudinal section of one of the rolls detached. In Figure. 1 the

page_text: plate to be tinned or coated is represented supported on the lowered cradle in the
tinman's pot and in Figure 2 the said cradle is represented in its raised position
and the top edge of the coated plate introduced between the pair of hollow and
heated rolls.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1. 2. 3. 4 and 5.
a is the tinman's pot containing melted tin (or terne metal) and at the top and
on one side of the said pot a is a hopper b'containing melted grease, rosin or fluxes
such as are used in tinning operations and at the opposite side of the pot is a
narrow passage c immediately under the meeting faces of the pair of rolls d, d by
which the tinned plate is delivered from the pot. The passage c terminates above
the level of the melted tin in the pot a; c³ is a guide to the passage c; e, e² is the
cradle or support for supporting the plate in the tinman's pot and for lifting it in
the said pot sufficiently high for the rolls d, d to grip it and deliver it from the
said pot. The said cradle consists of a rectangular frame e (see Figure 4) the con-
necting cross bar or axis es of which turns in the bearings e, e on the top of the
apparatus. On one end of the bar or axis e³ is a winch or handle e' for working
the cradle. The upper ends of the vertical parts of the cradle where they join the
horizontal parts are jointed for facilitating the motion of the cradle in the pot.
The parts of the cradle on which the plate to be tinned is supported and carried
consist of the forks e², e² the said forks being bent at the angle represented to the
bottom of the frame e, e of the cradle. By means of the winch e the cradle can
either be made to take the lowered position Figure 1 or the raised position Figure 2.
The pair of delivering rolls d, d situated above the passage c'are geared together
by the spur wheels d³, d and are driven from any convenient source of motive
power. The distance between the two rolls is adjusted by screws acting upon the
brasses or bearings of the said rolls in the usual way. The rolls d, d are hollow
and in the axis of each roll is a tube f perforated with small holes or jets or pro-
vided with burners for heating the roll by the combustion of gas. The said
perforated tubes f, f may either be fixed to and turn with the rolls, or the said
tubes may be fixed to the brasses or bearings in which the rolls turn, the rolls in
the latter case revolving round the said fixed tubes. A mixture of combustible
gas and air is supplied to the perforated tubes by couplings so as to permit the
combustible gaseous mixture being readily supplied to and cut off from the said
tubes ff. I have not represented these couplings in the Drawings.
The lower parts of the rolls d, d are immersed in troughs g, g containing grease
rosin or oil and in order still further to lubricate the surfaces of the rolls, oil from
the supply tank h is delivered upon them by the perforated pipes i (see Figure 3)
the oil from the rolls being collected in the troughs g, g. The overflow of oil
from the troughs g, g may be conducted to the lower or receiving tank k from
which it may be pumped to the supply tank h. The uprights or standards p, p
supporting the rolls d, d are capable of a traversing motion on the top of the
apparatus, the said uprights p, p working in dovetail seats q, q on the top of the
apparatus. By means of the traversing motion which the rolls are capable of
performing, they can either be brought to their proper position over the tinmans
pot a or removed from over the said pot for filling it, or for other purpose. The
traversing motion of the frame of the rolls is effected by the screw ŕ connected by
the swivelling part at 2 to the cross bar of the standards, the said screw working
in the fixed screw box 8 on the top of the apparatus. By turning the screw r by
means of the winch țin one or other direction the rolls may be advanced over
or withdrawn from over the tinman's pot a. Instead of giving the traversing
motion to the frame of the rolls by a screw as described and represented, a lever
may be used for effecting the same object.
In tinning a plate or sheet according to my invention and by the use of the
apparatus represented, the rolls d, d are rotated and the iron plate cleaned in the
ordinary way is passed downwards through the melted grease rosin or flux in
the hopper b into the melted metal in the tinmans pot a, the lower edge of the
said plate being received on the bends of the forks e², e³ of the cradle in the said

page_text: pot a. As soon as the plate reaches the bends of the forks e², e² it takes the position
represented in Figure 1. By now lifting the cradle e by operating upon the rod or
axis es by means of the winch or handle e³, the coated plate is raised vertically in
the pot against the guide c² and is brought under and passes up the passage or
opening c and the upper edge of the said coated plate is seized by and carried
between the rolls d. d and delivered from the pot. In passing between the heated
rolls d, d the superfluous metal is removed from the plate or sheet and a smooth
surface given to the coating. The tinned plates delivered from the tinman's pot by
the rolls are finished in the ordinary way.
Figure 6 represents in vertical section the apparatus which I use for galvanizing
sheets of iron; u is the pot or bath containing the melted zinc and x, x is the pair
of heated hollow rolls situated above the level of the metal in the said pot or bath
the said rolls being heated by the combustion of gas conveyed through the axial
perforated pipes x, x as described with respect to the tinning apparatus; vis a
guide through which the sheet y passes on its way to the rolls, the said sheet y
being guided through the pot or bath u by a guide having somewhat the curved
figure of the sheet represented in the said pot or bath. The rolls x, x are cleared
of adhering metal by the asbestos rubbers at w, w which are pressed against the
cylindrical surface of the rolls. Over the cylindrical surface and ends of the rolls,
covers ³, are fixed to reduce the radiation of heat from the rolls and prevent
the oxidation of the metal on the rolls.
The asbestos rubbers at w, w may be applied to the tinning rolls for removing
the metal from them and prevent its oxidation on the rolls.
my
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim as my invention is:-
First The new or improved method of manufacturing tin and terne plates or
sheets herein before described and represented in the accompanying Drawings;
that is to say, passing the plate or sheet to be coated through a single.pot
containing the melted tin or terne metal, the said pot being provided with the
materials and appliances and the process of coating being conducted substantially
as herein before described and illustrated.
Secondly The construction and combination of the parts of the apparatus herein
before described and illustrated in Figures 1. 2. 3. 4 and 5 of the accompanying
Drawings to be used in the coating of plates or sheets with tin or terne metal.
Thirdly The construction and combination of the parts of apparatus herein
before described and illustrated in Figure 6 of the accompanying Drawings to be
used in the galvanizing of sheets of iron.