Year: 1888

page_text: що нао,
I, JABEZ SMITH, of Godwin Street, Bradford, in the County of York, Sewing and
Knitting Machine Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object the more effectual braking of tram engines, cars,
vehicles, and the like in cases of emergency.
Hitherto the means adapted in order to bring a tram engine, or car to a stand, is
to brake all the wheels on the car and engine by means of hand or steam brakes. It
is well known however when a high speed has been obtained, coupled with the weight
of the engine and car that, the momentum so obtained is such as to cause the wheels
to skid, leading to accidents in life and limb which is theo bject of this my invention
to prevent.
I accomplish my object by arranging a brake on the engine or car or other
vehicle which shall when in operation bear upon the paving stones or roadway
between the lines, by which means the engine and car can be brought to a stand
on the steepest gradient within a few yards of the point at which it is applied.
The brake block is composed of metal with its face corrugated and formed into
blunted teeth, and is slightly concave in order to cover a greater frictional area on
the paving stones or roadway, the surface of which is as a rule convex.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent-

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brakes for Tram Engines, Cars, Vehicles, and
the like.
1, JABEZ SMITH, of Godwin Street, Bradford, in the County of York, Sewing and
Knitting machine merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object the more effectual braking of Tram engines, cars,
vehicles, and the like in cases of emergency.
Hitherto the means adopted in order to bring a tram engine and car to a stand,
is to brake all the wheels on the engine and car by means of hand or steam brakes,
It is well known however when a high speed of the engine and car has been obtained,
coupled with the weight of the same, the momentum is such as to cause the wheels
to "skid" thereby leading to accidents in life or limb, which is the object of my
invention to prevent and consists in mounting a brake on the engine, car, or other
vehicle which when in operation, bears upon the paving stones or roadway between
the lines, the brake block being composed of metal having its face corrugated, or
with rollers so mounted in the brake frame that, when the brake is applied, the rollers
will be compressed between the roadway and a plate, by which the rotation of the
rollers is retarded; the brake being applied by a handle similar to what is used in
_connection with brakes of the ordinary description..
:
In the accompanying sheet of drawings Fig. 1. represents a side view of my
improved brake as applied to the sole frame girders of a tram engine or car, the guide
plate hereinafter described being removed from the brake frame in order to more
clearly illustrate the apparatus.
Fig. 2. is a plan of the same.
Fig. 3. an end view looking in the direction of the arrow, and,
Fig. 4. is a view of the brako frame with the guide plate in position.
To the sole frame girders A. of an engine or car, I secure in any convenient manner
the brackets B. and C.; the former pair of brackets supporting one end of the brake
frame D. by the shaft E. which passes through brackets B. and the side frame plates
of the brake block; the other end being suspended by the spiral springs S.
The pair of brackets C. support cam shaft F, and in addition to being secured
to the sole frame girders A. are connected to the respective brackets B. and to
another portion of the sole frame girders A. by stay bars G, thereby giving rigidity
to the same.
On the cam shaft F are secured two cams H. H. in position over the side frame
plates of the brake D. each cam having by preference a projecting stop at H¹, and
on the said shaft are also secured a chain pulley J. and a lever K. the latter having
an adjustable balance weight thereon. Attached to the pulley J. are two chains
shown by dotted lines at L. and L³, each chain passing over a guide pulley M. to an

page_text: ordinary brake shaft N. at one or other end of the engine or car; so that on turning
either shaft N. to apply the break, the chain is wrapped thereon, and the cams H.
are actuated in the direction of the curved arrow; and on coming in contact with
the respective side frame plates as shown by. Fig. 1; the brake block is lowered until
the underside is in contact with the surface of the ground, thereby checking the
vehicle in its motion; the projecting stops H being so placed that the cams cannot
be turned too far, and thereby render the brake non-effective when applied. The
brake block that is to come in contact with the surface of the ground may be a
corrugated plate, the corrugations being on the underside, and the plate mounted in
the side fraines so that when applied for stopping the vehicle, the spiral springs P.
at each end of the brake frame are compressed; thereby reducing the vibration and
allowing for irregularities of the road.
In the drawings a series of rollers R. are shown mounted in the side frames,
which on applying the brake in the manner as before described, they come in contact
with the ground and are prevented from rotating freely by being pressed against
the underside of the plate T, the spiral springs P. yielding and allowing for
irregularities in the road in the same manner as when a corrugated plate is used.
On the reversal of the brake shaft N. the weight W. on lever K causes the pulley J.
to return to its noriṇal position, thus allowing the spiral springs S. to raise the brake
clear of the ground.
When the brake is applied, the tendency with a light vehicle is to raise it from off
the rails, and in order to reduce such liability, I attach to each side frame plate
another plate U, which on the brake block being lowered in the manner as before
described, the bottom edge of each plate will engage with the groove of the respective
rails, thereby tending to retain the vehicle on its track.
My object may also be accomplished by making the brake block flat on the under-
side instead of corrugated, but as will be readily understood, a flat surface will be
more liable to "skid" than one that is corrugated, or when fitted with rollers
arranged as described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
―:
1. A brake consisting of the parts constructed and combined substantially as
described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and operated as and for the
purpose specified.
2. A brake consisting of the parts constructed and combined substantially as
described, fitted between the wheel track of a vehicle and when operated bringing
the braking surface upon the ground in the manner and for the purpose described.
3. The combination of the cams H. H. pulley J. and lever K. with a brake frame
substantially as described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 30th day of January 1889.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.