IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR BOILERS, SMELTING, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Davison, of Southwick, near Sunderland, in
the County of Durham, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
FOR BOILERS, SMELTING, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES."
Sealed the 12th January 1864, and-dated the 14th July 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Davison at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th July 1868.
.I, JAMES DAVISON, of Southwick, near Sunderland, in the County of
Durham, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FURNACES FOR BOILERS, SMELTING, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," to be
as follows:
This Invention consists in certain improvements in furnaces, fire-places, or
fire-grates,' used for steam boilers, smelting, the manufacture of glass, and for
other useful purposes, the objects of which are to preserve the bars and other
parts of furnaces from the rapid destruction to which they are at present
subjected by reason of the intensity of the fire.
I propose to obviate these injurious and destructive results by means of
passing water or other suitable liquids through the bars forming the grate or
other parts of furnaces, which are to be made hollow to allow of the flow or
circulation of the water, and in the case of the adaptation of such principle to
furnaces used for generating steam, to utilize such heat in assisting such
generation.

page_text: For instance, I form the bars of a furnace hollow, connecting them at each
end with a transverse water chamber or box in order to allow of circulation
through all the bars. Water is then introduced at one end and allowed to pass
out at the same or the other end by any convenient method, such as directly
from a main, or from a cistern or tank placed in a convenient situation and at
the requisite elevation. This cistern is provided with an aperture for the water
to pass out into a feed pipe down to the waterway or chamber in front of the
bars, through which it will circulate and be returned to the cistern by means
of a delivery pipe from the other end of the chamber or front. Instead of the
bars being connected as above I use them in some cases separate, or in pairs
running parallel to each other and joined at one end, or one above the other,
or a single partitioned bar or tube so arranged as that the water will circulate
by flowing along the hollow or one side of the partition and returning along
that on the other side to the outlet. In these cases it will be convenient to
have the feed and delivery pipes made wholly or partially of india-rubber or
other flexible material or fabric in order to permit of the motion or removal of
the grate to allow of cleaning the furnace or fire, and to have a feed and
delivery pipe attached to each bar or pair or number of bars connected
together.
This principle may also be applied to rail or tram ways used in kilns or
other places exposed to heat, the rail or tram ways being made hollow to allow
of the circulation of water, which may be applied by the means above described
or otherwise. The Invention is equally applicable to stationary, marine, or
locomotive steam engines.
I propose to feed boilers for generating steam with water passing through
hollow grate bars or tubes to be connected with the boiler in such way as
may be most convenient according to the structure of such boiler, or may be
so attached and connected as to form part of such boiler, a feed pipe being
attached as before stated either to the bars separately or in pairs, or joined
together by a transverse chamber, and the boiler receiving the water after
passing through the hollow bars, the water being forced through the feed pipe
and bars from any source and by any method already used for such purpose.
purpose also to pass water from any boiler through hollow grate bars back
into the same boiler by any of the means described before or as may be most
convenient, by which plans a double advantage arises, namely, the saving of
the grate bars from destruction, and at the same time the heat to which they
are exposed is utilized in assisting to generate steam. In all furnaces or grate
rooms of whatever description the bars will endure for a much greater length
of time, indeed almost for an indefinite period.
I

page_text: By the adoption of this Invention in smelting furnaces and in glass works
the use of limestone scales or other intermediate substances on the bars may be
dispensed with, thus saving both time and expense, also a great saving of pots,
as the cold blast of air comes in contact with the brim or sides of pots when
putting limestones or other substances on the grates, causing the pots to break,
which will be obviated by this Invention.
The bars may be made of any transverse section, such as circular, square,
oval, triangular, or polygonal, and of iron, cast metal, brass, copper, steel, or
any suitable substance, and may be galvanised or coated with glaze of any
kind to prevent corrosion or furring, if required.
The feed and delivery pipes may also be made of the same metallic or other
substance or compound suitable for and in use for ordinary pipes and tubes,
and in the pipes or chamber when the water circulates, brass taps or valves
can be placed, if necessary, for cleaning or other purposes..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Davison in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th January 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
DAVISON, of Southwick, near Sunderland, in the County of Durham, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said James Davison, Her special licence that I, the said James Davison,
iny executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James
Davison, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
FOR BOILERS, SMELTING, AND OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said James Davison, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,

page_text: and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Davison, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof:-
This Invention consists in certain improvements in furnaces, fire-places, or
fire-grates used for steam boilers, smelting, the manufacture of glass, and for
other useful purposes, the objects of which are to preserve the bars and other
parts of furnaces from the rapid destruction to which they are at present sub-
jected by reason of the intensity of the fire..
I obviate these injurious and destructive results by means of passing water
or other suitable liquids through the bars forming the grate or other parts of
furnaces, which are to be made hollow to allow of the flow or circu-
lation of the water, and in the case of the adaptation of such principle to
furnaces used for generating steam, to utilize such heat in assisting such
generation.
In order to explain my said Invention as completely as possible, I now proceed
to describe the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the same into
practical effect, reference being had to the illustrative Sheet of Drawings, hereto
annexed, and to the numeral figures and letters of reference marked thereon

page_text: side of the partition and returning along the upper side, as shewn by the arrow's
flight at Fig. 2, thence to the outlet at top of cistern. In these cases it will:
be convenient to have the feed and return pipes made wholly or partially of
india-rubber or other flexible material or fabric, or of metallic moveable joints,:
in order to permit of the motion or removal of the grate to allow of cleaning.
the furnace or fire, and to have a feed and delivery pipe attached to each bar
or pair or number of bars connected together...
The principle may also be applied to rail or tram ways used in kilns or other.
places exposed to heat, the rail or tram ways being made hollow to allow of
the circulation of water, which may be applied by the means above described
or otherwise. The Invention is equally applicable to stationary, marine, or
locomotive steam engines.
I feed boilers for generating steam with water passing through hollow grate
bars or tubes to be connected with the boiler in such way as may be most
convenient according to the structure of such boiler, or they may be so attached
and connected as to form part of such boiler, a feed pipe being attached as
before stated either to the bars separately or in pairs, or joined together by a
transverse chamber, and the boiler receiving the water after passing through
the hollow bars, the water being forced through the feed pipe and bars
from any source and by any method already used for such purpose. I also
pass water from any boiler through hollow grate bars back into the same
boiler by any of the means described before or as may be most convenient, by
which plans a double advantage arises, namely, the saving of the grate bars
from destruction, and at the same time the heat to which they are exposed is
utilized in assisting in generating steam. In all furnaces or grate rooms of
whatever description, the bars will endure for a much greater length of time,
indeed almost for an indefinite period.
By the adoption of this Invention in smelting furnaces and in glass works,
Fig. 4, the use of limestone scauls or other intermediate substances on the
bars may be dispensed with, thus saving both time and expense, (also a great
saving of pots, as the cold blast of air comes in contact with the brim or
sides of the pots when putting limestones or other substances on the grates,
.causing the pots to brake, which will be obviated by this Invention).
I make the hollow bars of any transverse section, such as circular, square,
oval, triangular, or polygonal, some of which are shewn bracketted at Fig. 5,
and of any suitable metal, according to the purpose for which they are intended;
they may also be coated or lined with glaze of any kind to prevent corrosion
or furring.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in

page_text: which the same is to be performed, I would remark in conclusion that I do
not confine or restrict myself to the precise details herein described and
shewn, as many slight modifications of the same may obviously be adopted
according to the purpose for which the said Invention may be required; but
what claim as my Invention, intended to be secured to me by the herein in
part recited Letters Patent, is, the application of hollow fire-bars through
which water or other liquid is to pass, in the manner herein described and
shewn by the accompanying Drawings, with special reference to glass
furnaces) or others substantially the same, for the various purposes herein
set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Davison, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of December, in the "year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
Witness,
THOMAS GIBSON;
1, Chester Road,
Sunderland.
JAMES DAVISON. (L.S.)