Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Imperfectly Disintegrated Chalk and other Matters from Slurry Prepared in Wash Mills and other Apparatus used for Mixing and Preparing Slurry for the Manufacture of Cement, and Improvements in Cement Kilns and in the Method of Loading or Charging such Kilns, and
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 25th June, 1890-Accepted, 16th Aug.,
1890
PROVISIONAL SYMULEICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Imperfectly Disintegrated
Chalk and other Matters from Slurry Prepared in Wash Mills
and other Apparatus used for Mixing and Preparing Slurry for
the Manufacture of Cement, and Improvements in Cement Kilns
and in the Method of Loading or Charging such Kilns, and
Improvements in Mills for Grinding Cement Clinker and in
Apparatus for Separating the Finer from the Coarser Particles
of Ground Cement Clinker, and the Treatment of Cement and
Apparatus for use in connection with the said Treatment.
I WILLIAM JOY of Snodland in the County of Kent Cement Burner do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
:-
My invention cousists first of the improvements hereinafter described in apparatus
for separating imperfectly disintegrated chalk and other matters from slurry prepared
in wash mills and other apparatus used for mixing and preparing slurry for the
manufacture of cement.
Apparatus for this purpose constructed according to my invention consists essentially
of a perforated vessel or chamber the perforations or apertures in which are of such
size as to allow of the passage through them of only that portion of the slurry which
contains thoroughly or sufficiently disintegrated matters. The said vessel and the
said perforations and apertures may be of any convenient form and provision may be
made for clearing the said perforations or apertures of obstructions when necessary
and for obstructing or partially obstructing the said perforations or apertures in order
to admit of variation of the sizes or area thereof if and when desirable and for
agitating and mixing the slurry passing to the said perforations or apertures and for
assisting in the separation of the coarser particles from the slurry.
The said vessel or chamber and its connections may be so arranged that the portion
of slurry consisting of thoroughly or sufficiently disintegrated matters will pass
through the aforesaid perforations or apertures either into or from the said vessel or
chamber and provision may be made for causing the matters which do not pass
through the said perforations or apertures to be conveyed or to pass automatically
from the separating apparatus to the wash mill or. elsewhere.
According to one arrangement of apparatus embodying the improvements
constituting this part of my Invention the slurry flowing from the wash mill is
conveyed to an elevated tank and descends from the said tank into the aforesaid
perforated vessel through the perforations or apertures in which the portion consisting
of sufficiently disintegrated matters passes to an outer chamber or casing communi-
cating with a pump or other apparatus by which the said portion of the slurry is
removed to 'backs"
or drying floors or elsewhere as required and the coarser
portions of the slurry which collect in the aforesaid perforated vessel pass therefrom
intermittently through a pipe provided with a valve arranged to be opened by means
of a lever actuated automatically by a portion of the mechanism of the wasli mill so
that at each revolution of the harrows in the wash mill the said valve is opened when
the said coarse portions of the slurry pass from the said perforated vessel through the
said pipe into the wash mill where they are further disintegrated. A spring or weight
is arrauged to close the said valve and to keep it closed when the lever connected
thereto is not actuated by the mechanism of the wash mill. Or the valve in the
aforesaid pipe may be dispensed with and the coarser portions of the slurry be passed
or allowed to pass continuously therefrom back to the wash mill.
My invention consists further of the improvements hereinafter described in cement
kilns the object of my improvements being to facilitate the loading or charging of
تمان لسنيما

page_text: My said improvements relate to kilns which are built larger at the lower part than
at the upper part and the sides of which are inclined in wards from the bottom to the
top and iny improvements in such kilns consist in forming at the upper part thereof
one or more inclined shoots or passages communicating with the interior of the kiln
into which shoot or passages the matter to be charged into the kiln is. or may be
placed and from which the said matter descends into the kiln by gravity.
My.invention consists.further.of, the improvements hereinafter described, in the
method of loading or charging cement kilns.
According to my said improvements I load or charge the kiln partly with a mixture
of sluiry and fuel and partly with neat slurry (.e. slurry alone) after providing for
the ignition.of the, charge in the kiln in the usual way by placing fuel on, the fire
bars. The said mixture and the neat-slurry may be deposited in the kiln in alternate
layers each of the full width of the kiln or the said mixture and tho.neat slurry may
be deposited in the kiln in the form of heaps or banks. Or portions of: tho. said
mixture and the neat slurry may be scattered in the kiln. Or the said mixture-and
the neat slurry may be otherwise deposited in the kilu provided that the constituents
of the said mixture be not caused or allowed to. become intimately mixed, with the
constituents, of the neat slurry one of the principal precautions, necessary, to, be
observed in, loading cement kilns according to my invention being to so deposit, the
mixture of the neat slurry in the kiln, that the several, portions of the charge which:
consists of the mixture shall be separated by those portions, of the charge which,
consist of neat slurry.
The relative quantities of the mixture and of the neat slurry deposited in the kiln
as. the loading proceeds should be such that when the kiln is fully loaded the
proportion of mixture relatively to the proportion of neat slurry should be greater at
and near the bottom and top of the charge than at and near the middle. For example
where the kiln is loaded by depositing the mixture and the neat slurry in layers of the
full width and depth of the kiln the thickness of each of the several layers of mixture
may be the same or nearly so and the thickness of the several layers of neat slurry
may be gradually increased from the bottom to about the middle of the kiln at and,
from which part to about two thirds up the kiln the, layers, of neat slurry may be
double the thickness of the layers of mixture. Above this part, the thickness of the
layers of neat slurry may be decreased to nearly the top where the layers of mixture
and neat slurry may be of about equal thickness. Where the kiln is loaded otherwise
than in layers equal measures or quantities of the mixture and the neat, slurry may be
deposited at,and near the bottom and near and at, the top and two measures of neat
slurry to each measure of mixture may be deposited in the kiln at the intermediate
parts.
The proportions of slurry and fuel in the mixture may be about equal.
The mixture of slurry and fuel may be either dry or moist but I prefer that the
neat slurry shall be dry.
When the kiln has been loaded as hereinbefore described the fuel on the bars may
be ignited and the charge allowed to burn through.
⋅
My invention consists further of the improvements hereinafter described in edge
runner mills for disintegrating or reducing cement clinker the object of my said
improvements being to cause the clinker to be subjected to a considerable amount of
grinding action while in the mill in addition to the ordinary crushing action.
According to my said improvements I form an annular depression or recess in the
part of the pan or bed of the mill in which the runners work, the form of which
depression or recess in transverse section is preferably carved at the inner and
lowermost portions and inclined at the outer portion and I make the acting portions
of the runners of a form corresponding to or the counterpart of that of the said
annular depression or recess in the pan or bed and I monut the said runners on their
spindles in such a mauner that they are free to rotate thereon and also to move
thereon in a radial direction relatively to the centre shaft of the mill and I prefer.to
arrange springs or elastic washers on the outer ends of the said spindles for the
purpose of opposing or partially resisting the tendency of the said runners to move.

page_text: radially on their spindles which tendency is due to centrifugal force. In the depressed
or recessed portion of the pan or bed I form or arrange grids or gratings through
which the ground clinker passes from the mill when sufficiently reduced and to the
part carrying the spindles of the rauners I secure arms carrying blades ploughs or
stirrers which act on the matter in the pau of the mill and force it toward and on to
the outer inclined portion of the anunlar depression in the pan on which inclined
portion the grinding action of the runners is principally produced. The said blades
ploughs or stirrers also assist in discharging the ground matter from the mill.
My invention consists further of the apparatus hereinafter described for separating
the finer from the coarser particles of ground cement clinker.
The said apparatus consists of a case or chamber into which the ground maiter
passes or is fed which case or chamber is connected by means of separate trunks or
passages with another case or chamber into which the finer particles of the ground
matter are caused to pass by means of currents of air produced by the action of a fan
or fans connected to the said apparatus or forming part thereof. Baffle plates or one
or more perforated partitions with means for jarring or shaking them are or may be
arranged within the apparatus in the path of the said currents of air and provision is
made for the separate removal or escape from the apparatus of the coarser and finer
particles of the ground matter by means of Archimedian screws or other suitable
appliances. The apparatus being nearly or quite closed to the passage of air from
the outside the action of the fan or fans causes the air within the apparatus to
circulate therein. Any suitable apparatus or appliance or arrangement for causing
circulation of air may be substituted for the fan or fans.
My invention consists further in treating cement as hereinafter described after it
has been ground or after the manufacture as ordinarily conducted has been completed
the object of this part of any Invention being to produce hydration of any free caustic
lime which may be present in the cement and the presence of which causes blowing
of the cement after it has been mixed with water and allowed to set which blowing of
the cement defaces and injures work executed with it.
در
According to this part of my Invention I cause steam or water spray or air mingled
with particles of water to mingle with the ground cement while passing through or
from separating apparatus of the construction hereinbefore described or of other
construction. Or I cause steam or water spray to mingle with a stream or shower of
ground cement passing from the mills in which it is ground or from an elevator or
other apparatus and in any case where necessary I regrind or crush the cement after
thus treating it.
Where I cause jets of steam or air mingled with particles of water to mingle with
the cement while it is passing through separating apparatus I in some cases either
dispense with the ordinary means for producing draughts of air through or in such
apparatus and cause the said jets to produce the required draughts or to act as the
said draughts ordinarily act in such apparatus or I supplement the action of the said
draughts of air by the action of the said jets.
Where I regrind or crush the cement after treating it as herein before described I
in some cases provide for its stowage in casks or bags by means of apparatus consisting
of an elevator and shoot or shoots the said apparatus being so arranged that the
reground or crushed cement is raised by the elevator and descends by the shoot or
shoots into the casks or bags in which it is to be stowed. Or I arrange the said
apparatus so that the cement after treatment as herein before described is elevated to
the grinding or crushing apparatus and passes therefrom directly or indirectly into
the said shoot or shoots and thence into casks or bags as required.
TELANIA kind dow of Santambar 1020

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Imperfectly Disintegrated
Chalk and other Matters from Slurry Prepared in Wash Mills
and other Apparatus used for Mixing and Preparing Slurry for
the Manufacture of Cement, and Improvements in Cement Kilns
and in the Method of Loading or Charging such Kilns, and
Improvements in Mills for Grinding Cement Clinker and in
Apparatus for Separating the Finer from the Coarser Particles
of Ground Cement Clinker, and the Treatment of Cement and
Apparatus for use in connection with the said Treatment.
I WILLIAM Joy of Snodland in the County of Kent Cement Burner do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
My invention consists first of the improvements hereinafter described in apparatus
for separating imperfectly disintegrated chalk and other matters from slurry
prepared in wash mills and other apparatus used for mixing and preparing slurry
for the manufacture of cement.
Apparatus for this purpose constructed according to my invention consists
essentially of a perforated vessel or chamber acting as a strainer the perforations
or apertures in which vessel or chamber are of such size as to allow of the
passage through them of only that portion of the slurry which contains or consists
of thoroughly or sufficiently disintegrated matters. The said vessel and the said
perforations and apertures may be of any convenient form and provision may be
made for clearing the said perforations or apertures of obstructions when necessary
and for variation of the sizes or area thereof if and when desirable and for
agitating and mixing the slurry passing to the said perforatious or apertures and
for assisting in the separation of the coarser particles from the slurry.
The said vessel or chamber and its connections may be so arranged that the
portion of slurry consisting of thoroughly or sufficiently disintegrated matters will
pass through the aforesaid perforations or apertures either into or from the said
vessel or chamber and provision may be made for causing the matters which do
not pass through the said perforations or apertures to be conveyed or to pass
automatically from the separating apparatus to the washmill or elsewhere.
An arrangement of apparatus embodying the improvements constituting this part
of my Invention is illustrated in central vertical section in Figure 1 of the accom-
panying Drawings. Figures 2. 3 and 4 of the said Drawings are details herein-
after referred to.
a is the perforated vessel or strainer. b is a tank which communicates with
the said vessel a by means of a pipe band with a tank c by means of a pipe d¹..
d is a casing surrounding the vessel and is a rotatory shaft working in the
said vessel and carrying an Archimedian screw a ³ is the outlet of the said
vessel and d is the outlet of the casing d which outlet is or may be so
connected to a pump that by the action thereof the fine slurry will be drawn
through the perforated lining a* of the vessel a. b2 is a rotatory shaft working in
the vessel band carrying a stirer 8. Where a pump is not used the tank e must
be a sufficient height above the vessel to produce the pressure required to cause
the finer portions of the slurry to pass through the perforations in the lining *
of the said vessel a.
The main portion of the vessel a consists of a cylindrical shell of cast iron
having slots formed longitudinally therein and provided with a lining of per-
forated metal as illustrated in Figures 2. 3. and 4 of the accompanying Drawings
the said Figure 2 being a transverse section of the vessel a and its lining a*
drawn to a larger scale than Figure 1 and the said Figures 3 and 4 being
respectively an elevation and a section of portions of the said vessel and its lining
drawn full size. The said lining a* consists of a sheet of perforated metal rolled

page_text: into a tubular form and placed within a shell a the said sheet of metal being of
such size that when in place in the shell a its ends abut or nearly abut against
each other as shown at a in Figures 2 and 4. The perforations in the lining a*
are of such size as to allow only sufficiently small particles to pass through them.
They should not be larger than one thirty second part of an inch in diameter
and inay in some cases be less. The said lining is retained in position within the
shell a by the tendency of the sheet of metal of which it consists to spring
outward.
The method of using and the action of the said apparatus are as follows:-
Rotary motion is communicated to the shafts a and b and the slurry to be
treated in the apparatus is elevated or otherwise passed from the washmill or elso-
where to the tank c whence it flows through the pipe c¹ into the tank b where it
is acted on by the stirers and whence it passes by the pipe b to the vessel a.
Such of the slurry as is sufficiently fine to pass through the perforations in the
lining a passes from the said vessel a into the casing and out by the pipe d
which communicates with the pump herein before referred to by means of which
the said slurry is or may be conveyed to "backs" or drying floors or elsewhere
as required. Those portions of the slurry which are two coarse to pass through
the said perforations pass out through the pipe a³ by which they are conveyed
back to the wash mill or elsewhere as required. The screws a² assists the down
ward passage of the masters in the vessel a and tends to keep the perforations in
the lining free from obstruction.
The pipe may be provided with a valve arranged to be opened by means of
a lover actuated automatically by a portion of the mechanism of the wash mill so
that at each revolution of the harrows in the wash mill the said valve is opened
when the said coarse portions of the slurry pass from the vessel a through tho
said pipe a into the wash mill where they are further disintegrated. A spring
or weight may be arranged to close the said valve and to keep it closed when
the lever connected thereto is not actuated by the mechanism of the wash mill.
.H
A modification of the strainer herein before described is illustrated in Figures 5.
6. 7. 8 and 9 of the accompanying Drawings Figure 5 showing the strainer and
appliances for clearing the apertures therein in elevation and the casing d in
section and Figure 6 being plan. Figures 7 and 8 show portions of the
strainer drawn full size Figure 7 being an elevation and Figure 8 a horizontal
section. Figure 9 is a section taken on the line B Figure 7 showing a portion
of one of the appliances for removing obstructions from the apertures in the
strainer. In the said Figures 7. 8 and 9 details are shown which are omitted
from Figure 5 in consequence of the small scale to which it is drawn.
In the
said nodification the slurry to be strained is caused to pass first into the outer
casing and thence into the strainer through apertures therein.
Referring to the said Figures 5. 6. 7. 8 and 9 the strainer consists of it
cylindrical shelle having slits formed longitudinally therein over the edges of
which slits plates or strips of metal e el (see Figures 7 and 8) are screwed in
such positions that the spaces between their edges are sufficient to allow of the
passage into the cylindrical shell e of only those portions of the slurry which are
of the required fineness. e is the ontlut of the strainer e through which the said
portions of the slurry pass from the apparatus which outlet is or may be connected.
to a pump. is the casing surrounding and enclosing the strainer. is the
inlet of the said casing through which the slurry to be strained enters the apparatus
and is the outlet of the said casing through which those portions of the slurry
which are too coarse to enter the strainer pass from the said casing. To provide
for removal of any obstructions which may accumulate in the apertures between
the plates ee of the strainer blades (see Figure 8) are arranged to work in
the said apertures the said blades being carried by rings connected to
rods h h h² passing through stuffing boxes on the cover of the casing f and secured
to a cross head carried by a rod h to which longitudinal reciprocatory notion
is communicated by any suitable means. A face view of one of the blades y g

page_text: and a transverse section of the ring to which it is connected are shown in
Figure 9. ee (see Figures 7 and 8) are ribs formed on the outer side of the
shell e of the strainer for the rings to work against.
My invention consists further of the improvements hereinafter described in cement
kilns the object of my improvements being to facilitate the loading or charging of
such kilus.
My said improvements relate to kilns which are built larger at the lower part than
at the upper part and the sides of which are inclined inwards from the bottom to the
top and my improvements in such kilns consist in forming at the upper part thereof
an inclined shoot or passage or two or more inclined shoots or passages communicating
with the interior of the kiln into which shoots or passages the matter to be charged
into the kiln is or may be placed and from which the said matter descends into the
kiln by gravity.
Figure 10 of the accompanying Drawings is a vertical section of a kiln provided
with three such shoots or passages two being seen in the said section. Referring to
the said Figure 10 are the said shoots are flaps or covers by which they are
closed when the kiln is not being fed and is a platform formed about level with the
upper ends of the shoots i i to admit of convenient access to them.
My invention consists further of the improvements hereinafter described in the
method of loading or charging cement kilus.
According to my said improvements I load or charge the kiln partly with a mixture
of slurry and fuel and partly with neat slurry (i.e. slurry alone) after providing for
the ignition of the charge in the kiln in the usual way by placing fuel on the fire bars.
The said mixture and the neat slurry may be deposited in the kiln in alternate layers
each of the full width of the kiln or the said mixture and the neat slurry may be
deposited in the kiln in the form of heaps or banks. Or portions of the said mixture
and the nent slurry may be scattered in the kiln. Or the said mixture and the neat
slurry may be otherwise deposited in the kiln provided that the constituents of the said
mixture be not caused or allowed to become intimately mixed with the constituents of
the neat slurry it being of importance in loading cement kilus according to my inven-
tion that the several portions of the charge which consist of the mixture shall bo
separated by those portions of the charge which consist of neat slurry.
Where the mixture and the neat slurry are deposited in the kiln in separate layers
or heaps or banks they should not be of such size that the several layers or heaps or
banks of mixture will be separated from each other by the neat slurry a greater
distance than about twelve or fifteen inches.
'
The relative quantities of the mixture and of the neat slurry deposited in the kiln
as the loading proceeds should be such that when the kiln is fully loaded the pro-
portion of mixture relatively to the proportion of neat slurry should be greater at and
near the bottom and top of the charge than at and near the middle. For example
where the kiln is loaded by depositing the mixture and the neat slurry in layers of the
full sectional area of the interior of the kiln the thickness of each of the several layers
of mixture may be the same or nearly so and the thickness of the several layers of
neat slurry may be gradually increased from the bottom to about the middle of the
kiln at and from which part to about two thirds up the kiln the layers of neat slurry
may be double the thickness of the layers of mixture. Above this part the thickness
of the layers of neat slurry may be decreased to uearly the top where the layers of
mixture and neat slurry may be of about equal thickness. Where the kiln is loaded
otherwise than in layers equal measures or quantities of the mixture and the neat
slurry may be deposited at and near the bottom and near and at the top and two
measures of neat slurry to each measure of mixture may be deposited in the kiln at
the intermediate parts.
The proportions of slurry and fuel in the mixture may be about equal.
The mixture of slurry and fuel may be either dry or somewhat moist but I prefer
that the neat slurry shall be dry.
When the kiln has been loaded as herein before described the fuel on the bars may
be ignited and the charge allowed to burn-through.

page_text: My invention consists further of the improvements hereinafter described in edge
runner mills for disintegrating or reducing cement clinker the object of my said
improvements being to cause the clinker to be subjected to a considerable amount of
grinding action while in the mill in addition to the ordinary crushing action..
According to my said improvements I form an annular depression or recess in the
part of the pan or bed of the mill in which the runners work the form of which
depression or recess in transverse section is preferably curved at the inner and lower-
most portions and inclined at the outer portion and make the acting portions of tho
runners of a form corresponding to or the counterpart of that of the said annular
depression or recess in the pan or bed and I mount the said runners on their spindles.
in such a manner that they are free to rotate thereon and also to move thereon in a
radial direction relatively to the centre shaft of the mill and I prefer to arrange
springs or elastic washers on the outer ends of the said spindles for the purpose of
opposing or partially resisting the tendency of the said runners to move radially on
their spindies which tendency is due to centrifugal force. In.the.depressed or recessed
portion of the pan or bed I form or arrange grids or gratings through which the
ground clinker passes from the mill when sufficiently reduced and to the part carrying
the spindles of the runners I secure arms carrying blades ploughs or stirers which act
on the matter in the pan of the mill and force it toward and on to the outer inclined.
portion of the annular depression in the pan on which inclined. portion the grinding
action of the runners is principally produced. The said blades ploughs or stirers also
assist in discharging the ground matter, from the mill..
Figuro 11 of the accompanying Drawings is a plan of the said mill and. Figure.12
is a half section half elevation thereof a portion of the driving mechanism being
shown in elevation in the said Figure 12. The line on which the section is taken.is
shown at C C Figure 11.
(see
Referring to the said Figures 11 and 12 is the pan or bed of the mill which is
formed as hereinafter described.
Figure 11) are the grids or gratings in
the said pan and are ribs on the underside thereof the object of which ribs is to
strengthen the said pan. 11 are the runners.
m m are the spindles on which the
runners work the said spindles being jointed at, m¹ to a frame n secured to the central
shaft o of the mill to which shaft rotary motion is communicated through a toothed
wheel p keyed thereto. m² m² are the elastic washers on the spindles mm which
washers admit of a limited outward motion of the runners on the said spindles.
99 are the blades ploughs or stirers which act.on the matter in the pan of the mill
and are formed on bars 9 9' secured to the ends of other bars 42 q carried by the
frame 7. The lower ends of the blades q q (which are only partially shown in
the drawings) are of forms approximating to or corresponding with the forms of the
portions of the pan kabove which they travel. 12 are shields which protect the
working parts of the mill from access of dust. 130 are tubes through which oil may
be passed for the purpose of lubricating the said working parts. is a casing
enclosing the mill. is a shoot through which the matters to be ground are fed into
the mill. is a door in the said casing admitting of access to the interior thereof
and is a flap covering an aperture in the said casing through which aperture access
to the tube os may be obtained. The direction in which the runners travel is indicated
by the arrow in Figure 11.
My invention consists further of the apparatus hereinafter described for separating
the finer from the coarser particles of ground cement clinker. The said apparatus
consists of a cage or chamber into which the ground matter passes or is fed which
case or chamber is conuected by means of separate irunks or passages with another
case or chamber into which the finer particles of the ground matter are caused to pass
by means of currents of air produced by the action of a fan or fans connected to the
said apparatus or forming part thereof. Baffle plates or one or more partitions with
means for jarring or shaking thein are or may be arranged within the apparatus in the
path of the said currents of air and provision is made for the separate removal or
escape from the apparatus of the coarser and finer particles of the ground matter.
The apparatus being nearly or quite closed to the passage of air from the outside the

page_text: action of the fan or fans causes the air within the apparatus to circulate therein. Any
suitable apparatus or appliance or arrangement for causing circulation of air may be
substituted for the fan or fans.
Apparatus constructed according to this part of my invention is illustrated in
vertical section in Figure 13 of the accompanying Drawings and hereinafter described
with reference to the said Figure.
8 is the chamber into which the ground matter passes.
tis the chamber into which
the finer particles thereof puss. is the fau. vis a trunk connecting the said
chambers s and t through the medinim of the said fan. w is a wall separating the said
two chambers and is an aperture in the said wall which aperture constitutes a
passage or means of communication between the said two chambers:
c is a baffle
plate arranged in guides y y in the chambers and are bafille plates arranged in the
chamber t. 1 is a shoot by which the coarser particles of the ground matter pass
from the chambers and 2. 3. 4 are shoots by which the finer particles of the ground
matter pass from the chamber t. 5. 6. 7 are counterbalanced valves arranged to be
opened automatically by the weight or pressure of the matters passing down the said
shoots. 8, 9 are other valves so mounted in the said chambers at that they may be
placed either in the positions shown in full lines or in those indicated by broken lines.
10. 11. 12. 13 are tronghs into which the several grades of the ground matters pass as
they separate from the current of air travelling through the apparatus and 14. 15. 16. 17
are conduits by which the matter entering the said troughs passes to the shoots 2,3.
18 is a hopper through which the matter to be treated in the apparatus is fed into it
and 19 is an obstruction or spreader the effect of which is to cause the matters passing
from the hopper above it to scatter as they fall through the chamber s. 20 is a rod
connected to the baffle by means of which rod the said baffle may be raised or
lowered into its guides y y
The method of using and the action of this apparatus are as follows:-
The fan is caused to rotate by connection with any suitable motor whereby a
current of air is caused to pass through the apparatus in the direction indicated by the
feathered arrows. The ground matter to be acted on in the apparatus is then fed into
the hopper 18 and falls therefrom onto the spreader 19 which causes the particles of
the said matter to scatter in the form of a shower before entering the current of air
issuing from the fan u. The heaviest of the particles of ground matter at once pass
through this current of air into the shoot 1 and escape from the apparatus by pushing
open the valves and the lighter of the said particles are carried over the baffle x into
the chamber by the current of air the principal portion of the particles so carried by
the current falling or being cast therefrom into the several parts of the apparatus as
indicated by the featherless arrows.
Some of the finest particles are carried by the current of air through the trunk v
back to the fan and continue to travel through the apparatus with the air until it is
surcharged with the said particles when they fall from the said current of air or are
cast therefrom by centrifugal force in the compartment of the chamber with which
the trunk v communicates.
汜
(C
When the baffle is raised above the position shown in the Drawing some of the
finer particles which would otherwise be carried over the said baffle separate from the
current of air before passing it. When the valve 8 is turned to the right all
the particles which separate from the current of air between the battles and z pass
out of the apparatus by the shoot 1 with the coarsest particles and when the said
valve S is turned to the left the particles which separate from the current of air
between the baffles and * pass out of the apparatus by the shoot 2. When the
valve 9 is turned to the left only the finest particles pass from the apparatus by the
shoot 4 and when the said valve is turned to the right all the particles which separate
from the current of air during its passage from the baffle to the trunk v pass
collectively from the apparatus by the shoot 3.
In cases where moist air is caused to circulate in the apparatus and in other cases
where the matter passing through the apparatus is liable to accumulate on the surfaces
of parts thereof I provide means for jarring or shaking the said parts or the whole

page_text: apparatus. An arrangement suitable for this purpose consists of rotatory shafts
carrying tappets and mounted in such positions that by rotation of the said shafts tho
said tappets are caused to strike the parts which are required to be shaken or jarred.
Or any convenient arrangement may be used for this purpose.
My invention consists further in treating cement as hereinafter described after it
has been ground or after the manufacture as ordinarily conducted has been completed
the object of this part of my invention being to produce hydration of any free
caustic line which may be present in the cement and the presence of which causes
"blowing" of the cement after it has been mixed with water and allowed to set which
blowing of the cement defaces and injures work executed with it.
According to this part of my invention I cause steam or water spray or air
mingled with particles of water to mingle with the ground cement while passing
through or from separating apparatus of the construction herein before described with
reference to Figure 13 or of other construction. Or cause steam or water spray to
mingle with a stream or shower of ground cement passing from tho mills in which it
is ground or from an elevator or other apparatus and in any case where necessary
I regrind or crush the cement after thus treating it.
Apparatus suitable for use in thus treating cement is illustrated in vertical in
Figure 14 of the accompanying Drawings. Referring to the said Figure 21 is a
shaft into which the cement to be treated passes from a shoot 22. 23 is an obstruc-
tion onto which the cement passing from the said shoot fails and by which the said
cement is scattered and caused to fall in the form of a shower through the part of
the shaft below it into which steam or water spray or air charged with particles of
water is delivered by a pipe 24 provided with a stop cock 25.
Where I cause jets of steam or air mingled with particles of water to mingle with
the cement while it is passing through separating apparatus, I in some cases
either dispense with the ordinary means for producing draughts of air through or
in such apparatus and cause the said jets to produce the required draughts or to act
as the said draughts ordinarily act in such apparatus or I supplement the action of
the said draughts of air by the action of the said jets. For this purpose a jet of
steam or water spray may be caused to enter the trunk communicating between the
fan and the chambers in the said apparatus.
Where I regrind or crush the cement after treating it as herein before described I
in some cases provide for its stowage in casks or bags by means of apparatus con-
sisting of an elevator and shoot or shoots the said apparatus being so arranged that
the reground or crushed cement is raised by the elevator and descends by the shoot
or shoots into the casks or bags in which it is to be stowed. Or I arrange the said
apparatus so that the cement after treatment as herein before described is elevated to
the grinding or crushing apparatus and passes therefrom directly or indirectly into
the said shoot or shoots and thence into casks or bags as required.
After thus treating cement I prefer to allow it to lie in the warehouse a day or
more before crushing or regrinding it. The crushing or regrinding may however be
deferred until the cement is required to be packed prior to sending it out.
The process constituting this part of my invention is especially useful in the case
of cement made from hydraulic limestone and other naturally occurring mixtures of
chalk and clay.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I claim
as my said invention :---
First Apparatus constructed substantially as herein before described for separating
imperfectly disintegrated chalk and other matters from slurry that is to say apparatus
consisting essentially of a vessel through apertures in which those portions of
the solid constituents of the slurry which are sufficiently disintegrated are drawn or
forced by means of a pump or by pressure of a column of the said slurry.
Secondly: The apparatus illustrated in Figures 1. 2. 3 and 4 of the accompanying
Drawings.

page_text: :
Thirdly The apparatus illustrated in Figures 5. 6. 7. 8 and 9 of the accom-
panying Drawings.
Fourthly The construction of an inclined shoot or inclined shoots at the upper
part of a cement kiln substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
Fifthly The method hereinbefore described of loading cement kilns partly with
a mixture of slurry and fuel and partly with neat slurry.
Sixthly The improvements in edge runner mills heroin before described and
illustrated in Figures 11 and 12 of the accompanying Drawings.
Seventhly: An edge runner mill the pan or bed and runners of which are formed
as illustrated in Figure 12 of the accompanying Drawings.
Eighthly The combination of blades ploughs or stirrers with an edge runner
mill having a bed or pan inclined at the outer part and odge runners formed to act
on the said inclined part of the bed the said blades plonghs or stirrers being arranged
to throw the matter under treatment onto the inclined part of the pan or bed and at
the same time advance the said matter toward discharge apertures in the path of the
runners substantially as herein before described.
Ninthly Apparatus constructed substantially as herein before described and
illustrated in Figure 13 of the accompanying Drawings for use in effecting the
separation of the finer from the coarser particles of ground cement.
ก.
Tenthly The exposure of ground cement to the action of steam or moisture
or water in a finely divided state as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.
Eleventhly Arrangements of the kind hereinbefore described for use in
effecting the exposure of ground cement to the action of steam or water in a state
of fine division.
Twelfthly The arrangement illustrated in Figure 14 of the accompanying
Drawings for use in effecting the exposure of ground cement to the action of steam
or water in a state of fine division.