IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS, AND GENERATING STEAM, AND FOR UTILIZING AND DISPOSING OF NOXIOUS GASES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Carl Heinrich Roeckner, of Number 4, Royal Arcade,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND
APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS, AND GENERATING STEAM, AND FOR
UTILIZING AND DISPOSING OF NOXIOUS GASES."
Sealed the 21st November 1876, and dated the 24th May 1870
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Carl Heinrich Rocckner at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th May 1876.
CARL, HEINRICH ROECKNER, of 4, Royal Arcade, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
"IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS, AND GENE-
RATING STEAM, AND FOR UTILIZING AND DISPOSING OF NOXIOUS GASES."
My Invention relates, firstly, to means of joining together series of tubes through
which the liquid to be evaporated is to be passed. For this purpose, instead of
fxing the ends of the said tubes into holes in tube plates by means of ferrules or
ly rivetting or other known means, I cast the tube plates around the ends of the
suid tubes, and in some cases I cast the said tube plates in the form of hollow boxes
around the ends of the said tubes. The said series of tubes with their cast tube
plates or boxes to be applied in any convenient manner over the furnace or flame
for the purpose of generating steam or evaporating liquids.
Secondly. For the purpose of increasing the steam generating powers of steam
boilers I build the furnace or fire-grate in front of the boiler, so that the fire has
first to play upon any suitable arrangement of tubes connected with the boiler,
and it then passes into the boiler tube or tubes or flues in the usual manner. By
this means the steam power can in some cases be increased without otherwise
interfering with the existing arrangements.
My Invention relates, thirdly, to means of utilizing and disposing of noxious
fumes or gases given off from certain smouldering substances. In order to effect
this I confine such substances in suitable reservoirs and draw the fumes or gases
arising therefrom into or through the fire or furnace, by which means they are
consumed if of a combustible character, or conveyed to the chimney if not
combustible.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Carl Heinrich Roeckner in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th
November 1870.
CARL HEINRICH ROECKNER, of Number 4, Royal Arcade, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR EVAPORATING LIQUIDS, AND
GENERATING STEAM, AND FOR UTILIZING AND DISPOSING OF NOXIOUS GASES."
My Invention relates, firstly, to means of joining together series of tubes through
which the liquid to be evaporated is to be passed. For this purpose, instead of
fixing the ends of the said tubes into holes in tubo plates by means of ferrules or
by rivetting or other known means, I cast the tube plates around the ends of the
said tubes, aud in some cases I cast the said tube plates in the form of hollow boxes
around the ends of the said tubes. The said series of tubes with their cast tube
plates or boxes to be applied in any convenient manner over the furnace or flame
for the purpose of generating steam or evaporating liquids.
Secondly. For the purpose of increasing the steam generating powers of steam
boilers I build the furnace or fire-grate in front of the boiler, so that the fire has
first to play upon any suitable arrangement of tubes connected with the boiler,
and it then passes into the boiler tube, or tubes, or flues in the usual manner. By
this means the steam power can in some cases be increased without otherwise
interfering with the existing arrangements.
My Invention relates, thirdly, to means of utilizing and disposing of noxious
fumes or gases given off from certain smouldering substances. In order tu
effect this I confine such substances in suitable reservoirs and draw the fumes or
gases arising therefrom into or through the fire or furnace, by which means they
are consumed if of a combustible character, or conveyed to the chimney if not
combustible.
In Sheet 1 of the Drawings, Figure 1 represents a side view; Figure 2 a longi-
tudinal section; Figure 3 a partial horizontal section; and Figuro + a transverse
section of an apparatus for evaporating liquids, constructed upon the plan described
in the Specification of a Patent granted to me bearing date the First day of
December 1874, No. 4117, but having my present Invention applied thereto.
As regards the first part of my Invention, A, A, and B, B, in Figures 1, 2, and 4,
represent series of tubes (which may be straight, curved, or corrugated) joined
together by having cast round their ends hollow boxes C, C, or D, D, forming the
tube plates. These may be of any desired form, but 1 have found that that shewn
is convenient, as formning when closed by the cover plates E, E, and F, F, suitable
passages for conducting the liquid to be evaporated to the said tubes.
It will be readily understood that the inclined position of the said series of tubes
A, A, and B, B, facilitates the circulation of the liquid from the boiler by the
tubes H and I through the tubes A, A, and B, B, and back by the tubes J and K
to the boiler G, in the manner well understood.
In Figures 1 and 2 the series of tubes A, A, is shewn applied over the furnace
so as to receive the direct effect of the flaine, and in Figures 2 and + the series of
tubes B, B, is shown applied in the furnace flue so as to receive the effect of the
hot products of combustion escaping from the furnace.
Figure 5 illustrates the application of the tube boxes for condensing purposes.
Figures 6 and 7, Sheet 2, illustrate the means I employ for increasing the steam-
generating powers of steam boilers.
A represents an ordinary steam boiler with a single flue B therein, but the
arrangement may be applied to any other form of boiler; C is the furnace or fire-
grate built in front of the said boiler, but two or more fire-grates with corresponding
series of tubes may be attached to one boiler, and the fire-grates may be placed
under or at the side or sides as may be preferred; D, E, F, series of tubes connected
at their lower ends by the hollow boxes or tube plates G, H, and I, and connected
respectively with the lower part of the water space of the boiler by the pipes J, K,
and L. The said series of tubes D, E, and F, are connected at their upper ends by

page_text: the hollow boxes or tube plates M, N, O, which are in their turn respectively con-
nected by the pipes P, Q, R, with the upper part of the water space of the boiler.
It will now be understood that the fire plays first upon the series of tubes
D, E, F, heating the water contained in them and causing a rapid circulation
thereof to and from the steam boiler A, the fire then passes into the boiler tube B
and flues to the chimney in the usual manner.
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, Sheet 1, also illustrate the means I employ under the
third head of my Invention for utilizing and disposing of noxious fumes or gases
given off from certain smouldering substances, for example, such as the alkalis
recovered from the waste liquor resulting from fibre boiling.
In the apparatus here illustrated the substance is supposed to have been sub-
jected to heat in the upper chambers L and M, and then successively to the inore
intense heat of the hearths N and O, and to be in a hot smouldering condition on
the hearth O. P, P, are chambers constructed below the hearth O, or at any
other convenient place, and Q, Q, are apertures communicating between the hearth Ŏ
and chambers P, P, such apertures being closed or opened at will by means of
doors R sliding over each. S, S, are doors through which suitable instruments
may be introduced for the purpose of collecting the substance on the hearth O,
and drawing it to the apertures Q, Q, down which it falls into the chambers P, P.
The said fumes or gases can only escape from the chambers P, P, by the passages
T, T, leading into the ash-pit U of the furnace V (or into the fire direct) or through
the apertures QQ, the draft through the furnace V or W drawing the said
fumes or gases through the grate bars, causing them to be consumed. The
substances are removed from the chambers P, P, through the larger doors X, X.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to or may be carried into effect, I wish it to be understood that what I
claim as my Invention is-
First. Connecting together the ends of series of tubes to be employed in the
evaporation of liquids, and the raising or condensing of steam by casting tube
plates or boxes around the ends of the said tubes, substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated in the Drawings.
Second. The means of increasing the steam generating powers of steam boilers
by constructing one or a number of furnaces or fire-grates distinct from the boiler,
and applying thereto series of evaporating tubes in connexion with the water
space of the boiler, arranged and adapted substantially as herein-before described
and illustrated in the Drawings.
Third. The means of utilizing and disposing of noxious fumes and gases arranged,
adapted, and applied substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in the
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Carl Heinrich Roeckner, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
C. H. ROECKNER. (L.S.)