Improvements in Steam Water-tube Generators.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Feb., 1898-Accepted, 23rd July, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Steam Water-tube Generators.
1, JAMES HERMANN ROSENTHAL, of 147, Queen Victoria Street, in the City of
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer
tained in and by the following statement:-
--
This invention relates to steam-generators of the water-tube type as designed
especially for marine purposes, and it has for its object to make provision for
ensuring more complete combustion of the fire gases rising from the furnace
and greater absorption by the water circulating in the boiler tubes of the heat
resulting from such combustion of the fuel.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention, Figure 1 is a
longitudinal vertical section, Figure 2 is a transverse vertical section as at the
line 1-1 in Fig. 1, and Figure 3 is a part plan shewing a modification of the
improved marine steam generator. Figure 4 is a sectional elevation of the
upper portion of the boiler showing a modified arrangement of the connection
between the front headers and steam drum. Figures 5, 6 and 7 show in elevation
various forms of the headers employed.
The boiler is composed of the usual steam and water drum or collector A
connected to front and rear headers B, B', whereinto are expanded the inclined
steam generating tubes C situated over the furnace D. The front headers B
are connected to the drum A by two rows of slightly inclined or approximately
horizontal tubes E and E', of larger diameter. These may be either both going
from the headers straight into the drum A, as shewn at Figure 4, or one straight
and one with a bent neck rising from the top of the headers, for discharging
the circulating water and steam into the drum. In the modification shown by
the drawings the drum A is connected to the rear headers B', by short tubes F
expanded into the drum and header; but this connection to the rear headers
may be omitted, and for the purpose of water circulation the drum A may be
connected by downcomers extending therefrom to the mud-drum or bottom
collector G, which is connected to the lower end of the rear headers B.
mud-drum G is extended beyond the headers B', and downtake pipes H from
the ends of the drum A are connected to it. These downtake pipes may also
be connected to other parts of the drum..
The
The steam generating tubes C are preferably arranged in groups, generally
of three or four tubes, as shown in Figure 2, each group being staggered in
relation to that immediately above it, in order to present the greatest available
heating surface to the fire gases rising from the furnace 1). Below the main
body of steam generating tubes an additional series of tubes C are arranged
in groups and extend across the furnace, these tubes being connected to the
headers B. B, which latter are extended downwards to receive the ends of these
tubes, so that a combustion chamber I is formed between the main body and
the auxiliary rows of tubes C and C₁. These auxiliary rows of tubes C¹ are not
provided to connect the whole of the front and rear headers, but spaces are left
as at C3 between the groups of tubes C¹ to permit of the readier passage between

page_text: these tubes of the fire gases into the combustion chamber I, wherein the flame
reverberates and the gases are consumed, their direct upward passage between
the tubes e being obstructed by tiles J and J, placed on the lower rows of tubes C
immediately over the spaces C2, and at the sides, over the tubes in the headers B³,
and B, B. This arrangement by allowing the fire gases and flame to pass into
the combustion space 1, and causing reverberation of the flame ensures complete
combustion of the gases rising from the burning fuel on the fire grate.
Above the baffles and at a higher level, as at C and C+, the grouping of
the steam generating tubes C is thinned, by lessening the number in each group,
in order to give freer passage for the fire gases rising among them.
The headers B, B', are preferably made of the form shown in Figure 5, the
upper portion of each being sinuous to receive the ends of the staggered rows
or groups of tubes C, whilst the lower end is straight, where it extends below the
staggered rows of tubes and is adapted to receive the rows or groups of auxiliary
tubes C. The front and rear headers B and B at each side of the furnace are
either straight throughout as shewn in Figure 5, or are sinuous on one side and
straight on the other as shewn on Figure 6, or are sinuous on both sides, with
special firebricks fitted between the tubes, as shewn in Figure 7, all for the
purpose of facilitating the attachment of an iron casing enclosing the furnace
gases.
In the modification of steam generator illustrated is shewn formed integral
with the boiler a feed water purifier of the kind described in the Specification
filed with my application for Patent No. 22606 of 1897, and which is composed
of an auxiliary drum or settling chamber K whereinto the feed water is delivered,
this auxiliary drum being connected above the normal water level within it
by a pipe L to the steam space of the boiler drum A, and having its water space
connected by downcomers M with the mud-drum G or as shewn to short vertical
mud-drums N nippled to the mud-drum or bottom collector G, the vertical mud-
drums being arranged to intercept sedimentary matter which does not settle in
the purifier drum K.
The steam generator may however be constructed without the feed water
purifier and its connections to the boiler, in which case the feed water may be
supplied to the boiler in the usual way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A water tube steam generator of the marine type, the several parts of which
are constructed, arranged and combined as set forth, and having formed integral
with it a feed water purifier, substantially as described with reference to the
annexed drawings.
2. A water tube steam generator of the marine type, having its front and
rear headers extended below the main body of inclined steam generating tubes,
and furnished with an auxiliary row or rows of tubes so arranged as to form
a combustion chamber between them and the tubes above, wherein the flame and
fire gases may reverberate and be consumed, substantially as described.
Dated this 9th day of February 1898.
WALLACE FAIRWEATHER,
Of the Firm of Cruikshank & Fairweather,
Chartered Patent Agents,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agent for the Applicant.