Improved Construction of Drying Machine.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 4th July, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 4th Apr., 1900-Accepted, 4th Aug., 1900
Improved Construction of Drying Machine.
I, RICHARD SIMON, of Zulla Road, Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In order to construct a machine which shall combine so far as possible strength
and durability with capacity for drying large quantities of sticky or adhesive
materials as well as other kinds of a freer nature, I make the body of the machine
of a series of hollow semi-circular trough shaped sections which when bolted
together and held in position by girders or channel irons form a continuous
walled trough intended to receive the material. The hollow chambers in the
castings are heated by means of hot water, steam, or hot air, or both the two
latter, which heating causes the moisture of the material to evaporate.
To increase the evaporative capacity of the machine, I place in the anterior
portion of the trough, a hollow cylinder, and in the posterior portion of the
trough a bundle or series of iron tubes, both these arrangements are heated by
steam or other means as aforesaid, which is admitted by suitable pipes passing
through stuffing boxes. The material to be dried is filled into a hopper on
level ground provided preferably with a false bottom for drainage whence an
elevator forming part of the machine lifts it and discharges it into a suitable
opening in the roof or side of the machine. I sometinies, to assist the feeding
or to remove a portion of the water contained therein, pass the material between
a pair of rollers suitably placed between the discharge from the elevator and the
orifice in the roof or side of the machine.
In order to facilitate the disintegration of the material, place on the re-
volving cylinder in the anterior portion of the trough and on the framework of
the tube-bundle etc., in the posterior portion a number of paddles, some or all of
which may be sloped at an angle so as to pass the material along the trough.
To remove any material which may adhere to the cylinder, I fix on the walls.
of the trough a number of scrapers so placed and shaped as to dovetail with the
paddles on the cylinder.
The dried material is discharged at the posterior end through an opening at
the bottom thereof and falls into a suitably formed channel whence it is elevated
by means of cups fixed by arms on the rim of the driving wheel into a con-
veniently placed receptacle at the side.
In order to be able to drive the cylinder and tube-bundle at different speeds,
cach is fixed on a separate axle, bedded independently in a central bearing and
at each outer end; each outer end being furnished with a chain wheel driven at
the speed desired from the main shaft at the side of the machine.
'

page_text: I, RICHARD SIMON, of Zulla Road; Nottingham, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to.
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:_
In order to construct a machine. which shall combine so far as possible strength
and durability with capacity for drying large quantities of sticky or adhesive
materials as well as other kinds of a-treer nature, I make the body of the machine'
of a series of hollow semi circular trough shaped sections which when bolted
together and held in position by girders or channel irons, form a continuous
walled trough intended to, receive the material. The hollow chambers.. in the
castings are heated by means of hot water, steam, or hot air, or both the two
latter which heating causes the moisture of the material to evaporate.
To increase the evaporative capacity of the machine, I place in the anterior
portion of the trough a hollow cylinder, and in the posterior portion of the
trough a bundle or series of iron tubes both these arrangements are heated by
steam or other means as aforesaid which is admitted by suitable pipes passing
througli stuffing boxes. The material to be dried is filled into a hopper on
level ground, provided preferably with a false bottom for drainage whence, an
elevator forming part of the machine lifts it and discharges it into a suitable
opening in the roof or side of the machine. I sometimes, to assist the feeding,
or to remove a portion of the water contained therein, pass the material between
a pair of rollers, suitably placed between the discharge from the elevator and the
orifice in the roof or side of the machine.
L '
In order to facilitate the disintegration of the material, I place on the re-
volving cylinder in the anterior portion of the trough and on the framework of
the tube bundle ete in the posterior portion a number of paddles some or all of
which may be sloped at an angle so as to pass the material along the trough.
To remove any material which may adhere to the cylinder, I fix on the walls
of the trough, a number of scrapers so placed and shaped as to dovetail with the
paddles on the cylinder.
The dried material is discharged at the posterior end through an opening at
the bottom thereof and falls into a suitably formed channel whence it is elevated
by means of cups fixed by arms on the rim of the driving wheel into a con-
veniently placed receptacle at the side. In order to be able to drive the cylinder
and tube bundle at different speeds each is fixed on a separate axle, bedded 'in-
dependently, in a central bearing and at each outer end; each end being furnished
with a chain wheel driven at the speed desired from the main sliaft at the side of
the machine.
My invention is illustrated in the annexed drawings in which Figure 1 is,a
longitudinal elevation showing partly in section, a drying machine containing
the drying cylinder in combination with a bundle of tubes.
Figures 2 and 3 are end elevations with the outer casing plates removed..
Figure 4 is a side elevation showing partly in section another form of the
machine containing two drying cylinders, a combination which I prefer to use
for the drying of sticky substances.
Figure 5 is an end elevation at the line,, of Figure 4, and Figure 6 is an
end elevation with the outer casing removed.
The same letters apply to all the figures.
A. are semi-circular hollow iron troughs formed of cast iron arranged in series
and held together by wrought or cast iron girders or plates a which together
constitute the sides of the machine.

page_text: The troughs A are cast hollow so that steam or other heating medium may
circulate therein being supplied by pipes as at b.
The condensed or cooled water is discharged at e and any exhaust steam for air
at d.
:
B, B, are drying cylinders provided with ribs which increase the heating surface.
and also afford bases on which the paddles D are fixed, but plain cylinders may
be used. These cylinders contain steam which is admitted and discharged by
well known devices through the axles in stuffing boxes on which the cylinders
On these axles are affixed chain wheels G and H driven from the shaft F
by means of which the cylinders B, B; are rotated. C, is a bundle of tubes fixed
in the cast iron heads. e into which steam is admitted and, exhausted through the
axles in the manner above described..
rest.
1
In Figure 1, the chain wheel II is used to rotate the tube bundle C. E, are
shovels fixed on to the tube bundle C. By means of these and the paddles 1)
the substance to be dried is divided, agitated and exposed to the heated surfaces and
air in the troughs and gradually passed from one end of the machine to the other,.
for which latter purpose some or all are placed or made at an angle: The number
and angle 'of these, their shape and the material of which they are made may he
varied to suit the substances to be dried.
Fis the main shaft of the machine driven by means of the pulley for other
suitable arrangement and by suitably placed chain wheels thereon, giving motion
at the different speeds desirable to the chain wheels G and H.
J, is an elevator to raise the substance to be dried to the upper portion of the
machine into which it is allowed to fall. By reducing or increasing the number
of buckets on the elevator, the quantity fed into the machine can be regulated.
K, K, are scoops attached to the chain wheel at the discharge end of the
'machine, which pick up the dried substance from the trough L and throw it into
a receptacle suitably placed at the side. M, is a pair of rollers by means of which
lumpy and sticky substances may be fed into the machine evenly these rollers
being driven from the shaft by means of chains or other gearing in the ordinary
manner.
N, are scrapers similar in construction to the paddles D fixed on the inner side
of the troughs A, or vertically carried by cross bars.
The operation of the machine is of a simple character, steam being admitted
into the interior of the hollow troughs and into the cylinders or tubes, or either
of them, by suitably arranged steam pipes and valves, the substance to be dried
fis filled into the machine by either the elevator or the rolls where it is divided,
agitated and passed on by the paddles 1) and finally emerges dried into the
trougli L whence it is removed by means of the scoops
K.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a drying machine particularly adapted for sticky or adhesive materials,
forming the body of the machine of a series of semi-circular trough sections
bolted together and held in position by girders or channel irons forming a con-
tinuous walled trough, heated by hot water, steam, or hot air for assisting the
evaporation of the material to be dried placed in said trough, substantially as
described and shown in the drawings.
2. In a drying machine of the kind above described, a revolving drying
cylinder or cylinders fitted with stirring paddles and caused to revolve within a
hollow trough which may be provided with scrapers, for the purpose set forth.
3. In a drying machine of the kind referred to, a series or nest of tubes fixed
in end castings and revolving in a hollow trough through which tubes steam, hot
water, or hot air is passed and exhausted in the manner and for the purpose above
described.
4. The improved construction of drying machine described and shown on the

page_text: drawings, comprising hollow trough shaped sections held together by girders or
plates forming the body of the machine, revolving drying cylinder or cylinders
and rotating nest or bundle of tubes fitted with paddles, an elevator for the
material, and pressing rollers for evenly feeding lumpy or sticky substances into
the machine.
The 4th day or pri 1900.
R. CORE GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Richard' Simon.