Improvements in Machines for Breaking and Swingling Fibrous Stalks.
Year: 1895

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Breaking and Swingling Fibrous
Stalks.
We, HUGO WOLFF of Nieder Gorge, near Naumburg on Lober and HERMANN
DEDE, of Bergedorf near Hamburg, both in the Empire of Germany, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention for improvements in machines for breaking and swingling fibrous
stalks relates to the machine described in Specification No. 20224 of 1892 and
consists essentially in the mechanism for effecting the swingling or scraping of the
fibrous material.
By reason of the special construction of this mechanism, differing in many points
from that described in the said prior Specification, its action is not only considerably
increased but the described arrangement for breaking the stalks is rendered
unnecessary as has been shown by practical working. In place of this arrangement
a kind of table is used, the plate of which forms an endless band, running over
rollers, on which belt the stalks are spread and conducted to the swingling or
scraping drums.
The principle already described in the said prior Specification, of the swingling
bars working together, the movable ones being actuated by the swingling drums
and the fixed ones by means of the endless bands, is retained, but the shape of the
movable bars is altered and an arrangement introduced for the insertion and
withdrawal of the fixed bars.
On the accompanying sheet of illustrative drawings,
Fig. 1 is a side view of one of the two swingling machines.
Fig. 2 is a plan of a swingling drum and
Figs. 3-9 show details of the apparatus.
The fixed swingling bars fastened to endless bands have near their ends,
projections against which on the rotation of the swingling drum T, nose pieces *
strike, pushing the said swingling bar in front of it along the guide g of the back
frame L. The nose pieces, are fastened to the ends of arms a fitted to a hub
These arms and nose pieces fulfil the same
0 firmly attached to the drum shaft n.
object which in the old machine was allotted to the movable swingling bars i also
fastened on arms on the same shaft, with the difference that with the contact of the
nose pieces and projections a free space remains between the swingling bars i *
during the working of them together, as shown in Fig. 6.
5.
In order to prevent stalks accumulating between the nose pieces and the
swingling bars, shovel shaped parts u³ are arranged on the cylinders u u², which
precede the nose pieces. By reason of their shape they separate the downward
hanging stalk material conducted by the travelling belt to the swingling bars,
before the nose pieces strike against the projections.
0. The swingling bars differ from those described in the prior Specification in that
only the working edge of the bar and the upper working edge of the bar i remain
relatively fixed, whilst the lower working edge of the latter yields, that is, relatively
fixed in so far as these edges consist of knives m m² adjustably fitted to the bars i i
over about three quarters of their length, whilst one quarter is taken up by
15 blades m³ with circular working edges and also adjustable on the said bars. The
lower yielding, edge of the swingling rod i is formed by a curved piece o on which

page_text: bear the springs f, this curved piece running parallel with the upper fixed edge and
may be provided with a head piece o³ of softer material such as rubber or the like.
Opposite this curved piece o, and fastened to the under side of the knife m² is a bar
of wood rubber or the like on which the horizontal part of the curved piece o rests
throughout its length as soon as the before mentioned nose pieces abut on the
projections. By this arrangement the stalks hanging down between the bars are
easily held whilst they are being treated by the knives.
The breaking or bruising of the stalk material takes place between the bars i ?,
and in the first quarter of their length, by means of the rounded working edges of
the blades m³. The stalks may also be broken by suitable rollers combined with
the swingling machine.
In Fig. 7 it will be seen that the knives m of the bar i do not lie in the same
plane. This can also be the case with the knives m of the bars the perpendicular
distance between the knives of the two bars being thus greater on the inlet side
of the stalk material than on the outlet side. This difference in the height
of the blade can be easily created by the arrangement of wooden strips / between
the knife and the swingling rod.
From Fig. 8 it will be seen that oval slots and screws & enable all or separate
knives to be adjusted with respect to each other.
Fig. 9. shows sections on the lines E F, G H, and J K respectively, of Fig. 8, of
the bruising blades and swingling knives. The working edges of the latter are
sharpened always towards the exit side for the stalks.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1. A form of construction of the machine referred to in Patent No. 20224
of 1892 characterised by the omission of the breaking machine B and combination of
the breaking and swingling process in such manner that the stalk material is first
broken between the interworking bars i is by means of suitable blades m³ and is then
swingled by the knives m.
2. The arrangement for the insertion and withdrawal of the swingling bars
consisting of nose pieces rotating with the swingling drum, and the projections 3
on the swingling bars i acting as stops for the said nose pieces, whereby a definite
space remains between the working edges of the swingling bars during the time
they are in operation together.
3. In combination with the apparatus described in Claim 2 the arrangement of
the shovel shaped separator us on the swingling drum, which precedes the nose
pieces and prevent an accumulation of stalk material between these and the
stops.
4. The swingling bar i characterised by a fixed and a yielding working edge,
in which the fixed edge is formed partly by the adjustable breaking blade m³ and
partly by the adjustable swingling knife m, whilst the yielding edge consists of, n
spring supported curved piece o the horizontal part being capped with rubber or
the like.
5. The swingling bars composed of an adjustable breaking blade m³ and
adjustable knives m, and which are provided underneath, throughout their whole
length, with a strip o³ of wood, rubber or the like and serving as a stop rest for
the yielding working edge (curved piece o) of the bar i.
6. The arrangement and construction of machines for breaking and swingling
fibrous stalks substantially as described with reference the drawings.
Dated this 18th day of September 1895
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.