Year: 1895

page_text: 1
1
A communication from abroad by HIRAM GRANT FOWLER, Manufacturer, and
WILLIAM HUGH HILL, Mining Superintendent, both of Blue Rapids, Kansas,
United States of America.
1, REGINALD WILLIAM JAMES, of 1 Queen Victoria Street, in the City; of
London, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to boring tools and more particularly to augers for use in
boring pockets for blasting, our object being to provide an instrument by which a
pocket can be formed in rock or other material, that is, by which a larger hole can
be made below a smaller one, so that the charge of powder or other substance for
blasting can be more efficiently packed. To this end the invention consists in the
various matters hereinafter described and referred to in the appended claims.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate our invention,
Figure 1 is a perspective of our auger while boring the pocket ;
Figure 2 is a bottom view of the cutting point; and
Figure 3 is a perspective of a slightly modified form of auger..
a
In blasting rock or other substance, much better results can be obtained if
comparatively small bore is made with an enlargement or pocket at its inner end,
so that the blasting material can be securely packed and thus more effectually
break the rock. Many means have been devised for enlarging borings, but all
of these are more or less defective for use in rock or like hard substances
because of their complicated structure. We have produced an auger which is
effective in operation, and at the same time made in a strong and simple
manner, there being employed no springs, levers or similar parts which are
always liable to get out of order, and more particularly so when boring in rock.
Referring now to the drawings, A represents a boring in the rock desired to
be blasted, and B represents the pocket at the inner end of this boring. The
tool for producing this pocket forms the subject matter of the present invention.
The shank of this tool C is preferably twisted, as shown, to produce the worm c,
and is provided with the peculiarly formed cutter D. The point d of the cutter
is placed to one side of the centre and is usually grooved as shown. The side
of the tool at d¹ tapers toward the point. An upwardly inclined pointed lip E
extends from the auger point, said lip being sharpened at e to present a cutting
edge which edge projects beyond the side of the worm c. This lip E does not
lie in the vertical plane of the auger, but projects forwardly as shown at an
angle thereto, whereby the tendency for the point el to take into the rock
greatly increased. Any suitable means as the angular end F may be provided
for holding the auger in its handle.
In Figure 3 we have shown a slightly modified form of auger, in which a second
edge G extends along the inclined portion d¹ to aid in the cutting as will be
hereinafter described.
.
In practice, the smaller. boring A is made with a suitable tool, and when this
has gone to the required depth, the tool is withdrawn and the auger forming
the subject matter of the present invention is inserted. The smaller boring is

page_text: made of a diameter about equal to the greatest diameter of our auger, so that
when our auger is inserted it fits the hole rather snugly. The point d being
off centre, it will not when the auger is first inserted enter the centre formed
by the first boring tool, but will rest at one side of this centre. When, how-
ever, the auger is turned, the point d is at first carried in a circle, but this
point constantly, seeks to find the old centre. This forces the pointed cutting
edge e into the rock and when the auger point reaches the old centre the point e
of the cutting edge will be describing a circle of greater diameter than the old
boring, the difference in diameters of the pocket and first boring being determined
by the location of the point d and the size of the lip E. In some cases it will
be found convenient to make the first boring with a pointed tool so that an
inclined bottom is presented, in which case the point of our auger when inserted
will rest upon the incline and the auger will be aided in finding the old centre
by the inclined portion sliding down the slanting wall left by the first tool.
The character of the tool used for the first boring is not, however, essential to
the successful operation of our augér, it being possible to employ. our auger in
conjunction with a boring having any character of bottom.
The grooved point d forms a channel for the borings and these are conveyed
along the worm c away from the cutting head:
.
In the form of anger shown in Figure 3 the edge. G aids in the cutting.
It will thus be seen that by reason of making the cutter D in the peculiar
...manner shown, an auger is produced which effectively cuts the desired pocket,
and yet which is simple and durable. The entire tool is preferably made of a
single piece of metal and no springs, levers or similar parts are presented for
breaking or becoming clogged with borings. In addition to this, all borings
are immediately removed from the point, thus leaving its cutting properties
unimpeded.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is,
1. An auger comprising a shank provided with a cutter, a point eccentrically
placed upon said cutter, and a lip upon said cutter, said lip being provided with a
cutting edge and extending at an angle to the vertical plane of the cutter, which
plane ineludes the cutting edge; substantially as described.
2. An auger comprising a shank provided with a cutter, a point eccentrically
placed upon said cutter, and a lip upon said cutter, said lip being provided with a
cutting edge and extending at an angle to the vertical plane of the cutter, which
plane includes the cutting edge, said cutting edge also projecting beyond the side
of the shank substantially as described.
3. An auger comprising a shank having a cutter tapering in an oblique straight
line at one side to a point eccentrically placed upon said cutter, a cutting edge
along said tapering portion and a cutting edge E also upon said cutter; substantially
as described.
'
4. An auger made of a single piece of material comprising a twisted shank
having a cutter tapering at one side to a grooved point eccentrically placed upon
said cutter, and a pointed cutting edge projecting beyond the side of the shank
and extending at an angle to the vertical plane of the cutter; substantially as
described.
5. An auger comprising a worm-shank having a cutter, a grooved point eccen-
trically placed upon said cutter, and a lip upon said cutter, said lip being provided
with a cutting edge and extending at an angle to the vertical plane of the cutter
which plane includes the cutting edge, said cutting edge also projecting beyond the
side of the shank; substantially as described.
6. An auger made of a single piece of material comprising a twisted shank having
a cutter tapering at one side to a grooved point eccentrically placed upon said
cutter, a lip upon said cutter, said lip being provided with a cutting edge and

page_text: extending at an angle to the vertical plane of the cutter, which plane includes the
cutting edge, said cutting edge also projecting beyond the side of the shank ;.
substantially as described.
Dated this 25th day of October 1895
FELL & WILDING,
Agents for the Applicant.