IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING CARRIAGES AND CABINS OF STEAMBOATS
Year: 1842

page_text: HAZARD, of Clifton, near Bristol, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Third day of September, in the sixth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Robert
Hazard, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said Robert Hazard, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as
1, the said Robert Hazard, my exors, adñors, or assigns, should at any time.
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING CARRIAGES AND CABINS OF
STEAMBOATS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the
said Robert Hazard, shall cause a particular description of the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled
in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Robert Hazard, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being
had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:
The improvements proposed to be effected by my Invention, is to remove
the vitiated air within a carriage by means of a fanner, which I call a ven-
tilator, fixed at a convenient place, and put in motion by the revolution of the
wheel (or by other motive power); thus the inmates, however numerous, may
ride any length of time with the windows closed, excluding damp or dust,
and yet enjoy perfect ventilation. But my mode of ventilation will be best
explained by the accompanying Drawing. Figure 1 shews two views of
a ventilator, with oblique fans or vanes, which will receive the air from
the flexible tube A, and pass it out into the atmosphere. Figure 2 is a
ventilator with flat fans, which receives the air from the tube A, at the
axle, and giveit out at the periphery. Figure 3 shows the section of a
carriage, with ventilator or exhauster attached; in this instance the venti-
lator or exhauster is fixed to the bottom of the carriage, and receive its
motion by a strap F running over a pulley E, which is fixed on the nave
of the hind wheel; although I do not confine myself to this mode of fixing
or receiving the power from the wheel, which may be done by means of
friction rollers, toothed wheels, ar endless screws. The arrows denote the
exit of air from the carriage, passing down the air chamber H, H, H, and
driven off by means of the ventilator. A is a flexible tube, made of leather
or india rubber. B, fan within a circular box, shewn at Figures 1 and 2,
open at the lower part for the escape of the foul air. D, pulley on the
spindle of ventilator, turned by the strap F. G, check spring to keep the
strap tight I, shows an opening in the front part of the carriage, for the
admission of fresh air. This opening may have a sliding plate, with openings
to regulate the quantity of air to be admitted. J is a plate, with openings
for the exit of foul air into the space H, to be carried off by means of the
exhauster through the elastic tube A. Although I have shown two forms
of exhausters I do not confine myself thereto, neither do I confine myself
to the means shewn of arranging the different parts, but what I claim is
the mode of ventilating carriages by means of fans or exhausters, as shewn
and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Hazard, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Third day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and forty-three.
ROBERT (L.S.) HAZARD.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Third day of March, in the
year of our Lord 1843, the aforesaid Robert Hazard came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Third day of March, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-three.