IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY FOR MEASURING OR MARKING OFF LONG LENGTHS OR CONTINUOUS WEBS OF PAPER OR OTHER MATERIALS INTO ANY REQUIRED LENGTHS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF BEING CUT OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF
Year: 1852

page_text: ETTERS PATENT to Bryan Donkin the younger, of Bermondsey,
in the County of Surrey, Engineer, and Barnard William Farey,
of Commercial Road, Old Kent Road, in the said County, En-
gineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY FOR
MEASURING OR MARKING OFF LONG LENGTHS OR CONTINUOUS WEBS OF
PAPER OR OTHER MATERIALS INTO ANY REQUIRED LENGTHS, FOR THE
PURPOSE OF BEING CUT OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF."
Sealed the 25th January 1853, and dated the. 28th October 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bryan Donkin the
younger and Barnard William Farey at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 28th October
1852.
We, BRYAN DONKIN the younger, of Bermondsey, in the County of
Surrey, Engineer, and BARNARD WILLIAM FAREY, of Commercial Road,
Old Kent Road, in the said County, Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MACHINERY.
FOR MEASURING OR MARKING OFF LONG LENGTHS OR CONTINUOUS WEBS OF

page_text: PAPER OR OTHER MATERIALS INTO ANY REQUIRED LENGTHS, FOR THE PURPOSE
OF BEING CUT OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF," to be as follows:-
Our Invention will be best understood by reference to the following
Spécification and accompanying Drawing, in which we have shewn and
described it as applied to the cutting of paper.
Figure I. is a side elevation of the machine.
Figure II. is an end elevation of the same machine.
The same letters refer to the same parts in both views.
A, is a shaft supported in ordinary bearings (a, a,) which are fixed
to the framing of the machine; on the said shaft, at each end, are
fastened 2 arms B', B2, carrying in their other ends a roller C, which
we call the measuring roller. The shaft A, arms B', B³, roller C, we
cause to vibrate on the centre A, by means of a crank D, and
connecting rod E.
F, F, are two iron tables, forming part of the machine framing;
into these tables we cause two clamp boards G, G2, to press either by
their weight or by the help of springs g', g', 9, 9', which are connected
to the clamp boards by the rods h¹, h', h2, h², which rods also serve to
lift the clamp boards by transmitting the up and down movement of
the cams H', H', H2, H2, which cams are keyed into the same shaft (I,)
as is the crank D. J, J, are two small rollers driven round by a band j,
and which serve to draw forward the paper; they are in every respect
similar to what, are ordinarily called "feeding, rollers."
T
K, K, are the two cutting edges or knives, made in the ordinary
manner, shewn in this machine worked by a cam L.
M, M, are a set of cutters for cutting the paper lengthways, and
generally known by the terms "circular cutters."
"N, is a press, for the purpose of drawing the paper through the
circular cutters.
"
J
O, and P, are conical drums, the one lettered O, being driven at a
constant speed by the prime mover, and the other P, being driven by a
strap from the first; the strap can be shifted along them by the screw
Q, and guide pullies q, q, so as to vary at pleasure the speed of the
driving shaft (I,) of the machine, which can be connected or discon
nected to the cone drum P; by the clutch V. R, is an apparatus to

page_text: cause the knives K, K, to cut but one for every 2, 3, or 4. revolutions
of the shaft (I).
:
T, is a handle, which is keyed into the shaft S, as also the pullies 5, 8;
so that when this handle is raised it partially turns the pulleys s, s; and
these being connected.by.the.chain t, t, to the rods h', h², cause them to
rise, and through them: rising the claimp boards G, G. This apparatus
is not shewn in Fig. II.
U, is, a roller to keep the paper constantly stretched, commonly
termed a "dancing roller."
X, is a piece sliding backwards and forwards on the arm B'; and into
which is fastened the pin x; this pin receives the end of the connect-
ing rod E, and consequently by it the roll e, is worked up and down.
The position of the piece X; in the arm B¹, can be shifted while the:
machine is in motion by the screw Y, and hand wheel y.
.
Z', Z', are two small rollers, over which the paper bends before going
into the tables G, G; but these are not needed, except for very thin
papers..
.}
...
W, is a counterbalance to the arms B¹, B, and the.roller C, C.
Having thus described the necessary number of working parts we
proceed to explain the action of the machine.
The clutch V, being supposed out of gear, and the roller C, placed
in its highest position (as shewn on the Drawings in red lines and
letters in Fig. I. only); also the clamp boards F, F, being supposed
raised off the tables G¹, G³, by means of the handle T, the web öf
paper (shewn in blue lines; in Fig. I.) after being led through the
circular cutters M, and the press N, is passed, firstly, under the dancing
roller U; secondly, between the claimp board G, and table F¹; thirdly,"
under. the measuring roller C; fourthly, between the clamp board G
and table F; fifthly, through the feeding rollers J, J.; and, lastly,'
between the knives K, K. When the feeding rollers J, J, have drawn
the
paper so that it has become smooth in the machine the handle T,
is lowered; this allows the clamp board G2,' to press upon the table F:
and consequently holds the paper tight which is between them. The
clamp board G', does not press on the paper when the roller C, is in '
the supposed position, as the cams H', H', prevent the rod h¹, h', and '

page_text: consequently the clamp board G', from coming down low enough. The
machine is still fed with paper, notwithstanding that the clamp board
G, prevents the feeding rollers J, J, from drawing any more forward;
this allows the dancing roller U, to descend, but when it has reached a
certain position the clutch V, is thrown into gear and the cone drum P,
causes the shaft I, to revolve, say, in the direction shewn by the arrow
in Fig. I. The crank D, and connecting rod E, then cause the roller
C, to descend, and as the paper is beneath it, it draws forward a certain
amount, which amount is greater or smaller according to the distance
the roller C, is made to descend, this distance being regulated by the
throw of the crank D, and length of the connecting rod E, both of
which are made, to adjust for this purpose. When the roller C, has
reached its lowest position, in which position it is shown on the Drawing,
the cams H', H', allow the clamp board G, to fall, and consequently
both clamp boards are down; but when the roller C, has made about
one inch of its upstroke, the cams H2, H2, lifts the clamp boards G
and the feeding rollers J, J, which are kept constantly revolving, draw
the paper forward until the roller C, is sufficiently raised to allow the
paper to be stretched between the two tables F¹, and F; the clamp
board G', then prevents any more paper from being drawn forward
by the feeding rollers J, J. The roller C, still proceeds to rise, and just
before it reaches its highest point the cams H', H, allow the clamp
board G, to fall, and both clamp boards are down and the paper
stretched between them, in. which position they remain until the roller
has again descended sufficiently to be on the point of touching the paper,
when the cams H, H', again lift the clamp board G¹, thus allowing the
roller C, to draw forward another similar length of paper to the previous
one, in the manner before described. During the time the roller C, is
drawing the paper forward, the length previously drawn forward (which is
stationary and pendant between the knives K, K,) is being cut off. It
will be seen that the measuring roller must be driven at such a velocity
as to draw the paper forward, with twice the velocity with which it is
delivered to the machine, the dancing roller U, rising to make up the
extra velocity, and descending when the clamp board G', is down, and
consequently no paper being drawn forward.

page_text: To cause the roller C, to descend more or less whilst the machine is
in motion (and consequently to measure a greater or smaller length of
paper to be cut off), the screw Y; is turned by the hand wheel Y, which
causes the piece X, and pin x, to slide either nearer to the roller C, or
centre A, according to the direction in which the said hand wheel Y, is
turned. Now the stroke or distance up and down of the pin a, remain-
ing the same, the stroke or distance up and down of the roller C, will
be increased the nearer pin a, is made to approach the centre A, and
will be diminished the nearer the pin a, approaches to the roller C, by
which adjustment the precise length of sheet required is obtained.
By using the apparatus R, long lengths of paper can be cut by
measuring twice or three times and cutting but once.
It will easily be seen that other flexible materials might be measured
off in the same way, and cut, marked, or otherwise disposed of.
We claim the principle of measuring off lengths of paper or other
material by means of a vibrating roller,, rod, or lath C, combined withi
the tables F, F, and clamp boards G', G, but do not lay claim to any
of the other parts herein described, several of which we are well aware
have been before applied; neither do we confine ourselves to any
peculiar construction or disposition of the several parts shown in the
accompanying Drawing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent;
filed by the said Bryan Donkin the younger and Barnard
William Farcy in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th
April 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc,
BRYAN DONKIN the younger, of Bermondsey, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer, and BARNARD WILLIAM FAREY, of Commercial Road, Old
Kent Road, in the said County, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand-eight hundred and fifty-two, in the six-

page_text: teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Bryan Donkin and Barnard William
Farey, Her special license that we; the said Bryan Donkin and Bar
nard William Farey, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as we, the said Bryan Donkin and Barnard William Farey, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with;
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise;
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland;
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MACHINERY FOR MEASURING OR MARKING OFF LONG LENGTHS OR
CONTINUOUS WEBS OF PAPER OR OTHER MATERIALS INTO ANY REQUIRED
LENGTHS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF BEING CUT OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Bryan Donkin
and Barnard, William Farey, an instrument in writing under our
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Bryan Donkin and Barnard
William Farey, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to
say:
Our Invention will be best understood by reference to the following
Specification and accompanying Drawing, in which we have shewn and
described it as applied to the cutting of paper.
Figure 1, is a side elevation of the machine.
Figure 2, is an end elevation of the same machine; and
Figure 3, is a plan of the same.
The same letters refer to the same parts in the three views.
A, is a shaft supported in ordinary bearings (a, a,) which are fixed to
the framing of the machine; on the said shaft, at each end, are fastened

page_text: two arms B', B2, carrying in their other ends a roller C, which we call
the measuring roller. The shaft A, arms B', B2, 'roller C, we cause
to vibrate on the centre A, by means of a crank D, and connecting
rod E.
1.
F, F, are two iron tables, forming part of the machine framing; on
to these tables we cause two clamp boards G1, G2, to press either by
their weight or by the help of springs g', g¹, g², g, which are connected
to the clamp boards by the rods h³, h1, h2, h², which rods also serve to
lift the clamp boards by transmitting the up and down movement of the
cams H', H1, H2, H2, which cams are keyed on to the same shaft (I),
is the crank D. J, J, are two small rollers driven round by a band
j, and which serve to draw forward the paper; they are in every respect
similar to what are ordinarily called "feeding rollers."
K, K, are the two cutting edges or knives, made in the ordinary
manner, shewn in this machine worked by a cam L.
M, M, are a set of cutters for cutting the paper lengthways, and
generally known by the terms "circular cutters."
N, is a press, for the purpose of drawing the paper through the
circular cutters.
O, and P, are conical drums, the one lettered.O, being driven at a
constant speed by the prime mover, and the other P, being driven by a
strap from the first; the strap can be shifted along them by the screw
Q, and guide pullies q, q, so as to vary at pleasure the speed of the
driving shaft (I) of the machine, which can be connected or disconnected
to the cone drum P, by the clutch V.
R, is an apparatus to cause the knives K, K, to cut but one for every
2, 3, or 4 revolutions of the shaft (I)..
-
:
T, is a handle, which turns loose on the shaft k, which shaft works
the knife K; and the handle T, is connected by a chain to the quadrant
, which is keyed on the shaft S, as also the small pullies s, s; and these
being connected by the chains t, t, to the rod h', h², and cause them to
rise, and through them rising the clamp boards G', G².
U, is a roller to keep the paper constantly stretched, commonly
termed a "dancing roller."
X, is a piece sliding backwards and forwards on the arm B', and into

page_text: which is fastened the pin ; this pin receives the end of the connecting
rod E, and consequently by it the roller C, is worked up and down.
The position of the piece X, in the arm B', can be shifted while the
machine is in motion by the screw Y, and the handle y.
Z, Z, are two small rollers, over which the paper bends before
going on to the tables F", I; but these are not used except for very
thin papers.
W, is a counterbalance to the arms B', B, and the roller C.
Having thus described the necessary number of working parts, we
proceed to explain the action of the machine.
The clutch Y, being supposed out of gear, and the roller C, in its
highest position, (as shewn on the Drawing in red lines and letters in
Fig. 1, only,) also the clamp boards G, G3, being supposed raised off
the tables F, F, by means of the handle T, the web of paper (shewn
in blue lines in Fig. 1). after being led through the circular cutters M,
and the press N, is passed, firstly, under the dancing roller U; secondly,
between the clamp boards G', and table F'; thirdly, under the measuring
roller C; fourthly, between the clamp board G, and table F; fifthly,
through the feeding rollers J, J; and, lastly, between the knives K, K.
When the feeding rollers J, J, have drawn the paper so that it has
become smooth in the machine the handle T, is let go; this allows the
clamp board G2, to press upon the table F, and consequently holds the
paper tight which is between them; the clamp board G', does not press
on the paper when the roller C, is in the supposed position, as the cams
H', H, prevent the rods h', h', and consequently the clamp board G',
from coming down low enough. The machine is still fed with
paper, not-
withstanding that the clamp board G³, prevents the feeding rollers J, J,
from drawing any more forward; this allows the dancing roller U, to
descend, but when it has reached a certain position the clutch V, is
thrown into gear, and the cone drum P, causes the shaft I, to revolve,
say in the direction shewn by the arrow in Fig. 1. The crank D, and
connecting rod E, then cause the roller C, to descend, and, as the paper
is beneath it, it draws forward a certain amount, which amount is
greater or smaller according to the distance the roller C, is made to
descend, this distance being regulated by the throw of the crank D, and

page_text: lengths of the connecting rod E, both of which are made to adjust for
this purpose.
When the roller C, has reached its lowest position, in
in which position it is shewn on the Drawing, the cams H', H', allow
the clamp board G¹, to fall, and consequently both clampboards are
down; but when the roller C, has made about one inch of its upstroke,
the cams H2, H3, lifts the clamp board G2; and the feeding rollers J, J,
which are kept constantly revolving, draw the paper forward until the
roller C, is sufficiently raised to allow the paper to be stretched between
the two tables F, and F; the clamp board G', then prevents any more
paper from being drawn forward by the feeding roller J, J. The roller
C, still proceeds to rise, and just before it reaches it highest point the
cam H, H, allow the clamp board G, to fall, and botli clampboards
are down and the paper stretched between them, in which position they
remain until the roller has again descended sufficiently to be on the
point of touching the paper, when the cams H', H', again lift the champ-
board G'; thus allowing the roller C, to draw forward another similar
length of paper to the previous one, in the manner before described.
During the time the roller C, is drawing the paper forward the length
previously drawn forward (which is stationary and pendant between the
knives K, K,) is being cut off. It will be seen that the measuring
roller must be driven at such a velocity as to draw the paper forward
with twice the velocity with which it is delivered to the machine, the
dancing roller U, rising to make up the extra velocity, and descending
when the clampboard G¹, is down, and consequently no paper being
drawn forward.
To cause the roller C, to descend more or less whilst the machine is in
motion, (and consequently to measure a greater or smaller length of
paper to be cut off,) the screw Y, is turned by the hand wheel Y, which
causes the piece X, and pin a, to slide either nearer to the roller C, or
centre A, according to the direction in which the said hand wheel is
turned. Now the stroke or distance up and down of the pin a, remaining
the same, the stroke or distance up or down of the roller C, will be
increased the nearer the pin a, is made to approach the centre A, and
will be diminished the nearer the pin a, approaches to the roller C, by
which adjustment the precise length of the sheet required is obtained.

page_text: An
In order to cut long lengths of paper the roller C, can be made to:
measure two, three, or four times for the knife cutting but once.
apparatus to effect this is shewn on the Drawing at R, but which need
not be described as it forms no part of the Invention.
It will easily be seen that other flexible materials might be measured
off in the same way, and cut, marked, or otherwise disposed of.
We claim the measuring off lengths of paper or other material by
means of a vibrating roller, rod, or lath (C), combined with the tables.
F, F, and clamp boards G', G, but do not lay claim to any of the
other parts herein described, several of which we are well aware have
been before applied; neither do we confine ourselves to any particular
construction or disposition of the several parts shewn in the accom-
panying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Barnard William Farey, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of April,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-three.
Witness,
J. G. ABBOTT,
22, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane,
Solicitor.
B. W. FAREY. (L.S.)