THE MANU- FACTURE OF A CERTAIN TEXTILE FABRIC, TERMED BY THE INVENTOR TISSU COURROIE
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick William Campin, of 156, Strand, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "THE MANU-
FACTURE OF A CERTAIN TEXTILE FABRIC, TERMED BY THE INVENTOR TISSU
COURROIE." A communication from Pierre Henri Moullin.
i
Sealed the 28th July 1857, and dated the 30th January 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick William Campin
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th January 1857.
I, FREDERICK WILLIAM CAMPIN, of 156, Strand, in the County of Middle-
sex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"THE MANUFACTURE OF A CERTAIN TEXTILE FABRIC, TERMED BY THE INVENTOR
TISSU COURROIE," (communicated to me by the Inventor, Pierre Henri
Moullin, a foreigner residing abroad,) to be as follows:-
This tissue is intended to replace with success the bands of leather for
different kinds of uses or manufacture, presenting superior strength and
economy, as also greater durability and goodness; more than this, the length
is continuous without junctions, though equally perfect in strength, and resist-
ing tension almost impassively, and being also almost entirely insusceptible to
.

page_text: changes of temperature, and it is much cheaper than ordinary bands of leather.
Such are the advantages presented by this Invention.
For the manufacture of this novel tissue for a given piece the warp is com-
posed of iron wire or copper wire, threads of flax, or of cotton, wool, hemp, or
other textile material, indigenous or exotic, for the woof; the same materials
are employed indifferently or not. If the warp is made of iron wire, or,
still better, copper wire, &c., the same is to be treated with boiled linseed oil,
or, better still, the iron wire is in the first instance to be turned over in order
to retard oxydation.
The frame or loom to be used in the fabrication of this tissue is a loom fur-
nished with a "machine d'armure, according to Jacquard's system, having for
a given size 24 hooks, 12 lifting blades or plates, the warp containing 188
threads or wires of iron or of copper, and 376 threads of flax, the woof two
threads of wool and one of flax. Each thread of the warp, whether of iron,
copper, or flax, operates at each step and forms with the woof a continual
crossing, which constitutes the regularity and goodness of the tissue.
The above is a statement of the nature of the Invention and of the manner
of effecting the same; the Invention, however, is not confined to the precise
letails set forth..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick William Campin in the Great Seal Patent Office
. on the 30th July 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
WILLIAM CAMPIN, of 156, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
"Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Frederick William Campin, Her special licence that I, the said Frederick
"William Campin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Frederick William Campin, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time, to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,. within the United Kingdom

page_text: of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "THE MANUFACTURE OF A CERTAIN TEXTILE FABRIC, TERMED BY THE
INVENTOR TISSU COURROIE," a communication from Pierre Heuri Moullin, of
Paris, in the French Empire, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the.
said Frederick William Campin, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what,
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the.
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick William Campin, do hereby...
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same.
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the.
following statement thereof:--
This Invention consists in the manufacture of a tissue or textile fabric, which
will serve as an efficient substitute for leather straps and bands for driving
machinery, &c. This tissue or textile fabric is thus composed, to wit:-The
warp is formed of iron thread galvanised, or of brass, or of copper, of flax, of
cotton, of wool, of hemp, or of any other textile substance indigenous or exotic;
the woof is. composed of the same matters, mixed or not mixed. The loom for
the manufacture of this tissue is furnished with mechanism on Jacquard's system
(machine d'armure), 24 hooks, 24 needles, 12 lifting blades without harness or
neck twines (arcades). The warp for one breadth (which the Inventor pro-,
poses shall be ten centimetres French measure) contains 188 threads of iron,
or of copper, 316 threads of flax, or cotton, or other textile matter, the woof
of two threads of wool and one of flax, or vice versa. Each thread of the
warp, iron, copper, or flax, works at each step and forms a continual crossing
with the woof.
In the Drawing annexed, the loom, arranged according to this Invention, is
represented in front elevation by Fig. 1, Fig. 2 being a transverse section on
the line 1, 2, at Fig. 1.
I may here remark, that it must be borne in mind that this loom is com-
posed, like the ordinary looms, of mountings A and A', upon which are fixed.
the longitudinal traverses B and B', which sustain on the one side the warp,
and on the other side the tissue being made. There exists a second traverse b,
parallel to that marked B; between these traverses are fixed the supports C,
which serve to sustain. a roller c, upon which the thread of the galvanised iron
or of copper is wound. A traverse d, parallel to that D, is equidistant from.

page_text: The
the traverse B above it. These lower traverses are united by the supports D¹,
which serve as the axis of the beam or roller d', upon which are wound the
threads of flax or of wool which are forming the warp, together with those
in iron or copper. A small lever E attached to a counterpoise regulates the
progress of the beam or roller C. On leaving these beams or rollers, the
threads of the warp pass over the traverses and proceed horizontally into
the eyelets of the leases (lisses) D, and penetrate into the comb E*, which
is retained in the batten or beater (F). This batten or beater F is secured by
four vertical arms F, which are united at the upper extremity by a traverse G,
which can oscillate and follow the movements of the batten or beater.
comb is situate in the parts where the threads of the warp of the tissue pass.
These combs are of a suitable breadth (about 10 centimetres French
measure), and each & every space between them of a suitable breadth (20
centimetres, French measure); they are joined to the batten or beater upon a
traverse, which is fixed to this batten or beater by the little columns as in
some looms. The driver carries in place of the rolling shuttle, hooks fixed
to a hanger, which serves for the whole length of the batten, and makes
all to progress alike. Each tissue (courroie) as woven is rolled upon the
beam G, mounted upon an axis H, and as the Inventor makes ten straps
or bands (courroies) at a time, he needs 10 different beams or rollers, which
are kept to the axis by a pressure screw g, so that in case a defect has to
be sought in one of the straps or bands (courroies), by unscrewing the screw g
the corresponding beam or roller may be made to turn freely without touching
the axis. Also, the Inventor adapts to the axle H the regulating mechanism
of the ordinary weavers' loom, in order to make the advance of a certain
quantity at each revolution of the batten.
•
To work the croisure of the threads, the Inventor employs: the mechanism
(mechanique d'armure) pushed by the traverses L and M, as seen in side view
at Fig. 2.
.
On pressing upon the extremity of the treadle N, oscillating in n, the lever
N', which is joined with a traverse O, pivotting in o, Fig. 2, is made to rise.
As the mechanism works like an ordinary jacquard loom, every time that the
horizontal needles secured to the hooks encounter the holes of the cards they
permit the vertical hooks to be drawn away upon the transverse o in its
ascending movement, and, by consequence, seeing that the hooks are joined with
the leases (lisses), they rise equally within certain limits as the hooks, replacing
the shuttle passing between all the threads of the warp; thus enables the tissue
to be made that is desired to be obtained.
1
The Drawing annexed shews the arrangements that, the Inventor employs

page_text: for the croisure of the threads that serve for the manufacture of these straps
and bands (courroies).
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick William Campin, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
F. W. CAMPIN. (L.S.).