Improvements in or relating to Internal Combustion Engines or Motors.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 13th May, 1897-Accepted, 7th May, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Internal Combustion Engines
or Motors.
We, MAURICE ANTOINE LAMY and CHARLES RICHARD, of 36, Rue la Bruyere,
Paris, in the Republic of France, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to an engine in which hydrocarbons are used the explosive
mixture being produced either with the aid of a carburettor or a vaporiser accord-
ing to the density and nature of the hydro-carbon employed.
The invention is characterised by devices enabling the speed of the engine and
the exhaust to be regulated as desired.
In the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the engine, also showing the inlet port in
section;
Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of the mechanism controlling the exhaust valve.
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the carburettor.
Fig. 4 is a cross-section of the cylinder through the inlet for the combustible
material and exhaust port.
Fig. 5 is a cross-section of the vaporiser used when heavy oils are employed.
Fig. 6 is a section of the device for regulating the strength of the explosive
mixture.
The motor comprises a cylinder A provided with exterior wings or ribs A¹ for
cooling purposes, and containing the piston B, provided with packing segments
or rings 66. This cylinder is provided besides with two lateral chambers o and q
containing respectively the inlet and exhaust valves, said chambers communicating
with the interior of the cylinder. On the driving shaft C is keyed a toothed
pinion engaging with a wheel t¹ of a diameter two times larger than the pinion ta
and carrying a stud t to which is connected a rod s, the opposite end S of which
can move in a slotted slide R. This slide is pivotted on to a fixed pin r and is
provided with a screw U which can be rotated by means of its milled head u, in
one or the other direction, in order to raise or lower the end S of the rod s. Against
one of the faces of the slide R presses the end of a spindle 7 of the valve Q, on
which acts a spring qª having à tendency to keep the valve applied against its
seat.
The chamber of the inlet valve O is provided with ribs p, for cooling it, and
its spindle is also controlled by a spring tending to keep it applied to its seat.
The carburettor (Fig. 3) comprises a cylindrical chamber E in which are
arranged two perforated partitions F F. Between these partitions is placed an
absorbent or spongy material H. Such for instance as wadding or cotton, im-
pregnated with liquid hydrocarbon which is supplied through a conduit the
opening of which can be regulated by means of a cock ¹. The air to be carburetted
TDi Q17

page_text: arrives through the tube j, provided with a valve-box K the valve of which is
still held against its seat by means of a spring kl. At the upper part of the cham-
ber E is a tube L communicating with the chamber o of the inlet-valve, and at the
entrance of the tube, on the chamber E, is arranged a spring check-valve 7.
The rear of the cylinder is provided with a hole m by means of which it
communicates with a chamber n secured to the cylinder and containing an ignition
tube N, or an electric or other igniting device may be used according to circum-
stances or desire.
At the front end of the cylinder A is secured a chamber A2 in which works the
connecting rod and crank. This chamber contains a certain quantity of oil whereby
perfect lubrication of these parts is ensured.
Between the carburetter and the admission valve to the cylinder is arranged
a regulating device comprising a tube with two branches V and v the first of
which communicates with the tube L and the second with the atmosphere. Each
of these branches is provided with a valve v or 2 and the forked tube communicates
with the inlet valve through a pipe W.
WORKING.
On the outstroke of the piston B a suction is produced in the chamber o and
the valve is moved away from its seat. Through the pipe V the suction acts in
the carburetter E. Atmospheric air is drawn in through the valve which has
been lowered, and becomes carburetted in its passage through the material H.
If it is found that the mixture is too rich in hydrocarbons, the valve 2 is suitably
opened and a certain quantity of pure air drawn in through the pipe and be-
comes mixed with the carburetted air thus diminishing the richness in combustible
gas.
During the return or second stroke the piston compresses the mixture which is
ignited at the beginning of the third or forward stroke by means of the igniter N,
or an electric spark as already mentioned. The explosion drives the piston B
forward. During the second backward motion or fourth stroke the combustion
gases escape through the exhaust chamber g, the valve Q in which has moved
away from its seat in the following manner, the pinion 2 mounted on the shaft C
causes the wheel to rotate. This wheel operates the connecting rod s, the pin
with which it engages being so keyed on the wheel t that the slide R presses
the spindle of the valve q during the fourth stroke in order to lift it off its seat
and enable the combustion gases to escape. The opening of the valve Q can be
regulated by raising or lowering the connection S of the connecting rod s by means
of the screw U. The higher this connection is arranged in the slide R, the
smaller is the passage for the combustion gases and the slower the motion of the
motor. By simply turning the milled head u the speed of the motor may, there-
fore, be regulated as desired.
In order to regulate the richness of the carburation the two valves 21 and 2
are opened to a greater or less extent.
In cases where heavy oils are employed in the motor the carburettor is replaced
by a vapourizer such as shown in Fig. 5. This vapourizer comprises a cylindrical
chamber X into which the oil, say petroleum enters through a tube x
in which is inserted a drop forming device X¹ operated in any
convenient manner by the motor itself and consisting of a cock-plug pro-
vided with cells which when opposite the tube x become filled with oil, the contents
of which are discharged when the plug has turned through half a revolution,
into a capillary tube of when
a hot tube Y, at contact with which
gh a tube Z becoming
and carries them with it through a tube or
chamber z¹ communicating withe inlet valve chamber. Metallic gauze z or
the like is placed transversely in the tube 2¹ to prevent the carburetted vapours
from becoming ignited in the chamber X.
it becomes vapourised. A
mixed with the hydrocarbon

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:-
:-
1. In an internal combustion engine a speed regulating device comprising a
toothed wheel engaging with a pinion mounted on the shaft of the motor a con-
necting rod connected to the toothed wheel and to a slide a screw on the slide
connected to the connecting rod and an outlet valve for combustion gases, the
spindle of said valve being held in contact with one of the faces of the slide by
means of a spring substantially as described.
2. In an internal combustion engine a carburettor comprising a cylindrical
chamber containing two perforated partitions containing between them suitable
absorbent material said chamber communicating with
1) a tube communicating with the inlet valve and provided with a spring
valve and
2) a tube having a spring valve communicating with the atmosphere, and
3) a tube with a regulating valve communicating with this liquid hydro-
carbon supply, substantially as described.
3. In an internal combustion engine, an oil vapourizer comprising a rotary oil
feeder, a hot tube for vapourizing the oil, an air-inlet tube, and a second tube
through which the mixture is carried away, provided with metal gauze and com-
municating with the inlet valve of the engine, substantially as described.
4. In an internal combustion engine, a device for regulating the richness of the
combustible mixture, consisting of a tube with two branches, one of which com-
municates with the carburettor and the other with the atmosphere, said branches
being provided with regulating cocks, substantially as described.
5. The combination and arrangements of parts constituting the complete internal
combustion engine substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 14th dev of Tonuo 1909
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.