Improvements in Pipe and Nut Wrenches.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 26th July, 1892-Accepted, 24th Sept., 1392
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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pipe and Nut Wrenches.
HENRY BORNSTEIN, of 84 East Newton Street, Boston, in the County of
ffolk and State of Massachusetts, United States of America, Inventor, do
eby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
lowing statement, reference being had to the annexed drawings, where-
Fig. 1 represents a side view of the improved wrench, showing a portion of the
'
COMPLETE SPECI
Improvements in Pipe and Nut Wrenches.
HENRY BORNSTEIN, of 84 East Newton Street, Boston, in the County of
Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, United States of America, Inventor, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the annexed drawings, where—
Fig. 1 represents a side view of the improved wrench, showing a portion of the
check ab section,
Fig. 2 represents a longitudinal section of the same;
Fig. 3 represents a cross section on the line XX shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 represents a top view of the cheek nut;
Fig. 5 represents an end view of the lower jaw sleeve; and
Fig. 6 represents a cross-section on the line Y Y shown in Fig. 1.
Similar letters refer to similar parts wherever they occur on the different parts
of the drawings.
A and B represent respectively the upper and lower jaws of the wrench, the
former having a shank A' guided in a perforation in the jaw B and terminating in
its lower end as a screw threaded spindle a as shown.
B' is a downwardly projecting cylindrical sleeve made in one piece with the jaw B
and it serves to enclose the shank A' and its screw threaded spindle a so as to
prevent dust, grit or dirt from getting in between the working parts. The lower
end of said sleeve B' has an interior screw thread B in which is adjustable the
screw threaded shank C¹ of the handle C which latter is preferably made polygonal
as shown in Fig. 1. The shank C¹ has an interior screw thread C" adapted to
receive the screw threaded spindle a of the jaw A as shown in Fig. 2.
A pin or projection 13 is secured to the sleeve B₁ and it projects inwards into
said sleeve for the purpose of serving as a stop or limit pin against the upper end
of screw threaded shank C¹ by which the expansion of the jaws is limited thus
preventing the said jaws from being entirely detached from each other while used.
The screw threads on the spindle a and shank Care of opposite pitch, that is, one
is a right one and the other a left one so as to cause a quick movement of the jaws
to and from each other by turning the handle C around its axis.
D is a cup shaped check nut on the shank C' and it has in its upper end, an
annular ring D adapted to receive and enclose with a desired friction the lower
end of the sleeve B' so as to prevent dust and dirt from entering at this place.
The said cheek nut is limited in its rotation by means of a pin or projection d
secured to it and working in a recess or cut away portion & in the lower end of the
sleeve B as shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 5.
The jaws are adjusted to and from each other simply by turning the handle C to
the right or left as the case may be and by a slight turning motion of the cheek
nut D the said jaws will be firmly held and secured in such desired position.
By making the jaw B with an enclosing sleeve B¹ as shown and described the
screw threaded working parts of the wrench are entirely protected from dust and
grit and the body of the wrench is rendered smooth so as to enable the operator to
grasp it without coming in contact with the interior work-parts. By means of
such enclosing sleeve the strength of the wrench is materially increased. By having
the pin B' secured to the sleeve B' and projecting inwardly therein as shown, it
affords no obstruction to the operator in manipulating the wrench.
The faces of the jaws A and B inay be smooth or serrated as may be desired,
according to the use for which the wrench is intended. The improved wrench
may be used for holding and turning nuts, pipes, rods, etc., or any other objects and

page_text: it may also to advantage be used as a vice for holding any objects between its jaws.
A slight turning movement of the handle causing a powerful grip to be quickly
exerted on the object held between the jaws which can as quickly be released,
simply by turning the handle slightly in an opposite direction.
[
In pipe wrenches it is desirable that the shank of the jaw A should be at liberty
to yield in its bearing in the jaw B so as to cause a powerful grip to be given to
the object that is being grasped and held between the jaws and for this purpose,
make a horizontal perforation in the jaw B containing a yielding plug or bolt E
which is held against the shank A¹ by the influence of a spring E located in the
perforation between the plug E and a preferably screw threaded stop E" screwed
into the outer end of said perforation as fully shown in Fig. 2.
The spring E' and its plug E serve the purpose of normally holding the back of
the shank A against the rear of the recess or guide perforation in the jaw Bas
shown in Fig. 2; said recess being somewhat wider than the shank so as to allow
the latter to yield laterally against the influence of the spring E' when a pipe or
similar object is grasped between the jaws and the handle C moved in the direction
of the arrow shown in Fig 1.
To allow for such lateral yielding movement of the shank A', I make its screw
spindle a slightly loose working in the screw thread C¹ in the handle C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a wrench, an upper jaw having a shank movable in the lower jaw and
having a screw threaded spindle adapted to work in an interior screw thread of the
handle combined with a lower jaw having a sleeve enclosing the working parts of
the wrench and having an interior screw thread in its lower end and a screw
threaded handle working in such screw thread, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
2. In a wrench an upper jaw having a shank movable in the lower jaw and having
a screw threaded spindle adapted to work in an interior screw thread of the handle,
combined with a lower jaw having a sleeve enclosing the working parts of the
wrench, a stop projection secured to said sleeve and an interior screw thread in the
lower end of the latter, and a screw threaded handle working in the screw threaded
sleeve, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. In a wrench, an upper jaw having a shank movable in the lower jaw, and
having a screw threaded spindle adapted to work in an interior screw thread of the
handle combined with a lower jaw having a sleeve enclosing the working parts of
the wrench, an interior screw thread in the lower part of said sleeve, a screw
threaded handle and a cup shaped check nut having a pin or projection adapted to
work in a recess or cut away part on the lower end of the enclosing sleeve, substan-
tially as and for the purpose set forth.
4. In a wrench, an upper jaw having a shauk movable in the lower jaw, and
having a screw threaded spindle adapted to work in an interior screw thread of the
handle combined with a lower jaw having an interior screw thread in its lower end
a screw threaded handle working therein and a spring pressed plug or bolt arranged
in a recess in the lower jaw and adapted to bear against the shank of the upper
jaw, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
ETL 1000
HERBERT & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicant.