IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING, AND IN TAPS TO BE EMPLOYED IN COMBINATION THEREWITH, WHICH TAPS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR GENERAL PURPOSES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Crossley, Dan Leeming, and John Crossley,
all of Halifax, in the County of York, Machine Makers, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING, AND IN TAPS TO BE EMPLOYED
IN COMBINATION THEREWITH, WHICH TAPS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR GENERAL
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 24th July 1857, and dated the 13th February 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Crossley, Dan
Leeming, and John Crossley at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 13th February 1857.
We, CHARLES CROSSLEY, DAN LEEMING, and JOHN CROSSLEY, of Halifax,
in the County of York, Machine Makers, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING, AND IN TAPS
TO BE EMPLOYED IN COMBINATION THEREWITH, WHICH TAPS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR
GENERAL PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The nature of our Invention consists in an improved mode of constructing
heating plates, which may be employed for hot-pressing fabrics, or for heating
drying stoves, or for other purposes.
In performing our Invention, we prefer to cast a series of pipes at or nearly
at right angles to each other within the plate, some of the pipes being made
so as to be easily opened at both ends to afford facility in cleaning out. The
pipes may be screwed together in the usual manner of connecting pipes, or

page_text: the pipes may be connected by running melted metal round them at the
parts where they join. The steam or other agent employed for heating
circulates through the pipes, which are so arranged as to impart the heat
rapidly to the plate. In some cases we propose to cast some of the passages
through the plate by means of metal bars covered with gas tar and emery,
or by other suitable means, into which. passages the pipes forming the other
passages are conveyed... The above improved mode of constructing heating
plates affords great facility in casting, as the "chaplets" usually employed
for supporting the pipes in the mould are dispensed with, thereby obtaining
an even surface on the heating plate.
Another part of our Invention of improvements in apparatus for heating
consists in constructing heating, plates, by placing a coil or series of pipes
between two wrought-iron plates, which are connected together by rivets or
otherwise.
Our improvements in taps consist in the application of a washer of vul-
canized india-rubber or other suitable material, bearing on a shoulder in the
body of the tap, and screwed on to the plug by a stuffing box, in which is a
recess to contain hemp or other packing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Crossley, Dan Leeming, and John Crossley in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 13th August 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHARLES
CROSSLEY, DAN LEEMING, and JOHN CROSSLEY, all of Halifax, in the County
of York, Machine Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Charles Crossley, Dan Leeming, and John Crossley, Her special
licence that we, the said Charles Crossley, Dan Leeming, and John Crossley,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Charles Crossley, Dan Leeming, and John Crossley, our 'executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an

page_text: Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING, AND IN TAPS TO BE,
EMPLOYED IN COMBINATION. THEREWITH, WHICH TAPS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE FOR
GENERAL PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that.. we, the said
Charles Crossley, Dan Leeming, and John Crossley, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their or one of our or
their hands, and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause, the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within..
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters.
Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Charles Crossley, Dan Leeming, and.
John Crossley, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in.
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
The nature of our Invention consists in certain improved modes of con-
structing heating plates, which are particularly applicable for liot-pressing.
fabrics, but which may be used for, heating drying stoves and for other
purposes.
Secondly, our Invention consists in an improved mode of constructing taps.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the means pursued; by us,
reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the figures
and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 represents a series of pipes united together and ready to be placed.
in the mould previous to casting the metal around them. The side pipes.
a, a, are cut to the required; length, and seven or other number of holes are
drilled in each, according to the number of cross pipes b, b, required. The
ends of these pipes are all closed with wood plugs, which project slightly,
and are fitted into the holes in the pipes a, a. The moulds for the sockets
c, c, having been formed in sand at the proper distances apart, cast iron or
other molten metal is run into the moulds to form the sockets, each of which
has a boss above and below, the object of which will be explained hereafter.
Fig. 2 represents a heating plate complete. The mould for casting this.
plate is formed in sand in the usual manner, and the series of pipes shewn
in Fig. 1 is placed in the said mould, the bosses or projections on cach socket
serving as guides to retain the pipes in the centre of the plate, thereby.
dispensing with, the chaplets usually employed for that purpose. When the.
molten cast iron is run into the mould it entirely surrounds the series of pipes.
and their sockets, and as. the bosses on the sockets answer the purpose of

page_text: chaplets, the surfaces of the heating plate are obtained even and free from
the defects produced by chaplets. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the heating.
plate. We wish to remark that we do not limit ourselves to the number
or arrangement of the cross pipes b, b, but the arrangement shewn we consider
the best, as it produces an even and rapid distribution of the heat.. One of
the pipes a is in communication with the steam pipe by which the plate is
heated, and the other is in communication with the off pipe for the condensed
steam. The other ends of the pipes a, a, are closed by plugs, which can
easily be removed to afford facility in cleaning the pipes..
Fig. 4 represents a plan of a heating plate, in which the passages e, e, are
cast through the plate on cores formed of metal bars covered with gas tar
and emery, or in any other suitable manner. The core bars are furnished
with holes for the wood plugs of the pipes b, b, which are laid in the mould
with the core bars. As soon as the molten metal. has been run into the
mould the heat thereof burns the wood plugs in the ends of the pipes b, b,
and the core bars can then be turned round and drawn out, thereby leaving
the plate with the proper passages for the circulation of the steam or other
heating agent.
=
Fig. 5 is a plan view of a heating plate constructed according to another
part of our Invention. f is a series of pipes of the usual construction. These
pipes are placed between two wrought iron or other sheet metal plates, and
the handles are cast to a frame to which the plates are rivetted, as shewn in
the edge view, Fig. 6.
Fig. 7 represents a section of our improved tap, which is particularly
applicable for the presses for hot-pressing fabrics, but may be used for general
purposes. 9 is the body of the tap; h, the plug; and i, a stuffing box screwed.
into the body of the tap. Between the stuffing box and the plug is a washer
of vulcanized india-rubber or other suitable material, which when compressed
forms a perfectly steam, air, or water-tight joint.
Fig. 8 is a front view, and Fig. 9 a side view, of a press to which our
improved taps and heating plates are applied. The taps, marked k, admit the
steam to the plates, marked 1, through the elbow pipes m. As this press is
similar to those usually employed it is not necessary to describe it in detail.
Having thus particularly described the nature of our Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, we wish it to be understood that we do not
limit ourselves to the details herein set forth, as the same must be varied
according to the purpose for which the heating plates or the taps are to be
employed; but what we do claim is,―
First, casting the sockets c to unite the pipes a and b, as described.

page_text: Secondly, casting the heating plate around the pipes and sockets as described,
and dispensing with the chaplets usually employed.
Thirdly, constructing heating plates with through pipes or passages to
facilitate the clearing out of the same, as described.
Fourthly, the use or application of core bars in casting heating plates, as
described.
Fifthly, the application of sheet metal plates in constructing heating plates,
as described.
And, lastly, the improvement in the construction of taps, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Crossley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
H. B. BARLOW.
Manchester.
JOHN CROSSLEY. (L.S.)