Improvements in Furnaces for Melting Glass or Metal and for Melting or Heating other Substances.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Feb., 1899
Complete Specification Left 3rd Nov 1800 Accented
0744
1000
Date of Application, 3rd Feb., 1899
Complete Specification Loft 3rd Nov. 1800
Accepted, 27th in
Jan, 1000
Improvements in Furnaces for Melting Glass or Metal and for Melting
or Heating other Substances.
A communication from abroad by THE AMERICAN STOKER COMPANY, of 141, Broad-
way, in the City, County, and State of New York, United States of America,
a Corporation organised under the laws of the State of New York.
.
I, REGINALD WILLIAM JAMES, of 1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My present invention relates to improvements in furnaces for melting glass
or metal, and for melting or heating other substances requiring an intense heat,
and it consists of certains parts of combination of parts and certain novel methods
hereinafter particularly pointed out.
In the accompanying drawings, I have shown my invention applied in the form
which is at present preferred by me, but it will be understood that various
modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of my
invention. In so far as my invention relates to methods of operation, it will
be understood that these are not dependent upon the use of the mechanism shown,
or its equivalent, or indeed upon the use of any particular form of mechanism.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through
a furnace involving my invention Fig. 2, is a horizontal section taken on the
line 2, 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3, 3, Fig. 2; Fig. 4,
is a vertical section on the line 4, 4, Fig. 1; Fig. 5, is a vertical section on the
line 5, 5, Fig. 3.
The following is a description of the structure illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
2 is the working hearth of a furnace, composed of a refractory material, and of
any suitable form and dimensions; 3 is the cap or roof over the furnace; 4 is
the flue or smoke-stack; 5, 5ª are underfeed stokers of a form now well-known.
These stokers are composed essentially of a hopper 6, an archimedes screw 7
(operated by suitable mechanism 8) an air or air and steam inlet 9, leading to
a reservoir 10, from which the air, or air and steam, supplied thereto, issues
through perforations 11 of tuyere blocks 12. These stokers are set at the bottom of
chambers 13, 13%, separated from the hearth by a pier or bridge wall 14, 14ª.
15, 15ª are regenerators in the ordinary form, composed of chambers filled with
brick checker work. Referring to Fig. 2, 16, 10 are flues leading from or to
the regenerators 15, 15ª, respectively, and both connected with a reversible valve
mechanism (illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and 5). This valve mechanism consists of
a butterfly valve 17, which, in the position shown in Fig. 5, establishes connection
between the air-intake 18 and the flue 16, and between the flue 16 and the
chimney; and in the reverse position establishes connection between the air-
intake and the flue 16", and between the flue 16 and the chimney 4 is a damper
or valve 20 in the chimney passage 19.
The operation of the furnace may be thus described. The stoker or coal
magazine is filled with coal to a point about on a level with the tuyeres; kindlings
033

page_text: are placed over this coal, and coke on top of the kindlings, until the chambers 13,
13 are substantially full. The kindlings are lighted and the feeding mechanism
of the stoker set in operation, air alone, or air and steam, being supplied through
the intake 9 and discharged through the perforations in the tuyere blocks of the
stoker. The products of combustion rise through the incandescent bed of coke
above, and are wholly or partially converted into producer gas. The damper 17
being in the position shown in Fig. 5 air passes in through the intake 18, by
way of flue 16 and its extensions, to the bottom of regenerator 15; through said
regenerator, in which the air is highly heated, and over the walls separating the
regenerator from the chamber 13, where the hot air and carbonic oxide are inter-
mingled and combine to form carbonic acid. After passing the hearth, these
products of combustion pass down through the regenerator 15", through flues
and passages 16", to the damper 17, by which they are deflected into the passage 19;
thence passing to the stack 4 and escaping. During this operation the stoker 5
only is working.
After a suitable interval of time, when the checker work in the regenerator 15"
has been sufficiently heated, the stoker 5 is shut down, and the stoker 5" is
started into operation, the damper 17 being simultaneously turned so as to
connect the flue 16" with the air-intake 18, and the flue 16 with the gas-exit 19.
The air now enters through the fluc 16", passes through the regenerator 15" (in
which it is highly heated), and, after mingling with producer gas given off from
the stoker and gas regenerator 5", passes down through the checker work in the
regenerator 15, and out through the Hues 16, 19, and stack 4. Thereafter reversals
take place at suitable intervals in the well-known manner.
From the above description of the apparatus and the method of working the
same, it will be seen that my furnace operates on the plan of the Siemens
regenerative furnaces, but that it differs from such furnaces in several important
particulars. In all regenerative furnaces operated on the Siemens plan, the
producer gas is generated in a separate gas producer, at a greater or less distance
from the furnace. During its passage to the furnace, it loses a proportion of its
heat units, and deposits the unstable constituents, such as tar and soot.
Before it enters the furnace it is passed through a regenerator to increase its
temperature before it is mingled with the air (also heated) in a genenerator In
my apparatus and by my process, whereby the producer gas is generated within
the furnace in which it is utilized, this loss of heat is avoided, and the unstable
constituents, having no opportunity to become separated, are also utilized. Like-
wise, the heat lost in the Siemens gas producer by conduction, radiation, etc. is
to a greater or less extent saved by the location of the gas producer within the
shell of the furnace proper. Furthermore, by this arrangement, the labor cost
of operating the combined producer and furnace, as well as the cost of construction,
are materially diminished. As my furnace may be speedily put into operation,
the necessity for maintaining fire in the producer during considerable intervals
of time, such, for example, as at week ends, when the furnace is not in operation,
is avoided.
Instead of using a single horizontal arch or roof over both the checker-work
and fuel bed at the ends if the furnace, I may use separate arches or roofs. For
example, I may elevate and extend over the fuel bed the partition wall between
the checker-work and fuel bed, thus forming a reverberatory arch for the fuel
bed, and provide a suitable passage above it for the egress or ingress of the
heated air.
Dated thie 2nd dox of Wolv1800
FELL & JAMES,
Agents for the Applicant,

page_text: Improvements in Furnaces for Melting Glass or Metal and for Melting
or Heating other Substances.
A communication from abroad by THE AMERICAN STOKER COMPANY, of 141, Broad-
way, in the City, County, and State of New York, United States of America,
a Corporation organised under the laws of the State of New York.
I, REGINALD WILLIAM JAMES, of 1, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:
-
My present invention relates to improvements in furnaces for melting glass
or metal, and for melting or heating other substances requiring an intense heat,
and it consists of certain parts or combination of parts and certain novel methods
hereinafter particularly pointed out.
In order that this invention may be the better understood, I will now proceed
to describe it in relation to the drawings which accompany my Provisional Speci-
fication, reference being had to letters and figures marked thereon. Like letters
refer to like parts in the various figures.
In the drawings, referred to, I have shown my invention applied in the form
which is at present preferred by me, but it will be understood that various
modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit of my
invention. In so far as my invention relates to methods of operation, it will
be understood that these are not dependent upon the use of the mechanism
shown, or its equivalent, or, indeed, upon the use of any particular form of
mechanism.
In the drawings referred to Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through a
furnace involving my invention;
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line 2, 2, Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a vertical section on the line 3, 3, Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line 4, 4, Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line 5, 5, Fig. 3;
The following is a description of the structure illustrated in the drawings
referred to.
2 is the working hearth of a furnace, composed of a refractory material, and of
any suitable form and dimensions; 3 is the cap or roof over the furnace; 4 is
the flue or smoke-stack; 5, 5" are underfeed stokers of a form now well-known.
These stokers are composed essentially of a hopper 6, an archimedes screw 7
(operated by suitable mechanism 8), an air or air and steam inlet 9, leading to
a reservoir 10, from which the air, or air and steam, supplied thereto, issues
through perforations 11 of tuyere blocks 12. These stokers are set at the bottom of
chambers 13, 13", separated from the hearth by a pier or bridge wall 14, 14".
15, 15 are regenerators in the ordinary form, composed of chambers filled with
brick checker work.
Referring to Fig. 2: 16, 16ª are flues leading from or to the regenerators 15,
15, respectively, and both connected with a reversible valve mechanism (illus-
trated in Figs. 2, 3 and 5). This valve mechanism consists of a butterfly
valve 17, which, in the position shown in Fig. 5, establishes connection between
the air-intake 18 and the flue 16, and between the flue 16 and the chimney;
and in the reverse position establishes connection between the air-intake and
the flue 16, and between the flue 16 and the chimney. 20 is a damper or
valve in the chimney passage 19.

page_text: The operation of the furnace may be thus described. The stoker or coal
magazine is filled with coal to a point about on the level with the tuyeres; kindlings
are placed over this coal, and coke on top of the kindlings, until the chambers 13,
13 are substantially full. The kindlings are lighted and the feeding mechanism
of the stoker set in operation, air alone or air and steam being supplied through
the intake 9 and discharged through the perforations in the tuyere blocks of the
stoker. The products of combustion rise through the incandescent bed of coke
above, and are wholly or partially-converted into producer gas. The damper 17
being in the position shown in Fig. 5 air passes in through. the intake 18, by
way of flue 16 and its extensions, to the bottom of regenerator 15; through said
regenerator, in which the air is highly heated, and over the walls separating the
regenerator from the chamber-13, where the hot air and carbonic oxide are inter-
mingled and combine to form carbonic acid. After passing the hearth, these
products of combustion pass down through the regenerator 15", through flues
and passages 16", to the damper 17, by which they are deflected into the passage 19;
thence passing to the stack 4 and escaping. During this operation the stoker 5
only is working.
After a suitable interval of time, when the checker work in the regenerator 15ª
has been sufficiently heated, the stoker 5 is shut down, and the stoker 5ª is
started into operation, the damper 17 being simultaneously turned so as to
connect the flue 16" with the air-intake 18, and the flue 16 with the gas-exit 19.
The air now enters through the flue 16", passes through the regenerator 15" (in
which it is highly heated), and, after mingling with producer gas given off from
the stoker and gas regenerator 5", passes down through the checker work in the
regenerator 15, and out through the flues 16, 19, and stack 4. Thereafter reversals
take place at suitable intervals in the well known manner.
From the above description of the apparatus and the method of working the
same, it will be seen that my furnace operates on the plan of the Siemens
regenerative furnaces, but that it differs from such furnaces in several important
particulars. In all regenerative furnaces operated of the Siemens plan, the
producer gas is generated in a separate gas producer, at a greater or less distance
from the furnace. During its passage to the furnace, it loses a proportion of its
heat units, and deposits the unstable constituents, such as tar and soot.
Before it enters the furnace it is passed through a regenerator to increase its
temperature before it is mingled with the air (also heated) in a regenerator. In
my apparatus and by my process, whereby the producer gas is generated within
the furnace in which it is utilized, this loss of heat is avoided, and the unstable
constituents, having no opportunity to become separated, are also utilized. Like-
wise, the heat lost in the Siemens gas producer by conduction, radiation, etc. is
to a greater or lesser extent saved by the location of the gas producer within the
shell of the furnace proper. Furthermore, by this arrangement, the labor cost
of operating the combined producer and furnace, as well as the cost of construction,
are materially diminished. As my furnace may be speedily put into operation,
the necessity for maintaining fire in the producer during considerable intervals
of time, such, for example, as at week ends, when the furnace is not in operation,
is avoided.
*Instead of using a single horizontal arch or roof over both the checker work
and fuel bed at the ends of the furnace, I may use separate arches or roofs. For
example, I may elevate and extend over the fuel bed the partition wall between
the checker-work and fuel bed, thus forming a reverberatory arch for the fuel
bed, and provide a suitable passage above it for the egress or ingress of the
heated air.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I'claim is:
1-1
T
the combination with a working hearth of а was generator

page_text: located within the shell of the furnace, and a plurality of regenerators alter-
nately heated by the waste products of combustion and heating the air intro-
duced to support combustion, substantially as described.
2nd. In a furnace, the combination with a working hearth, of a plurality of
gas generators located within the shell of the furnace, and a plurality of regene-
rators alternately heated by the waste products of combustion, and heating the
air introduced to support combustion, substantially as described.
3rd. In a furnace, the combination, with a working hearth, of a gas generator
located within the shell of the furnace, and a plurality of regenerators, likewise
located within the shell of the furnace, alternately heated by the waste products
of combustion, and heating the air introduced to support combustion, substan-
tially as described.
4th. In a furnace, the combination, with a working hearth, of a plurality
of gas generators located within the shell of the furnace, and a plurality of
regenerators, also located within the shell of the furnace, alternately heated by
the waste products of combustion, and heating the air introduced to support
combustion, said generators being located between the hearth and the regene-
rators, substantially as described.
5th. In a furnace, the combination, with a working hearth, of a gas generator
and a plurality of regenerators within the furnace shell, alternately heated by
the waste products of combustion, and heating the air introduced to support
combustion; said generators comprising means for introducing coal in the
lower part thereof, and the space above for the reception of incandescent coke,
substantially as described.
6th. In a furnace, the combination, with a working hearth, of a gas gene-
rator within the furnace shell, comprising an underfeed stoker and a chamber
above said stoker for the reception of incandescent coke, and a plurality of
regenerators alternately heated by the waste products of combustion, and heating
the air introduced to support combustion, substantially as described.
Dated this 3rd day of November 1899
FELL & JAMES,
Agents for the Applicant.