IMPROVE- MENTS IN FUEL APPLICABLE TO HEATING AND LIGHTING PURPOSES.”
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Punshon, of Heatherleigh, Anerley Park,
in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FUEL APPLICABLE TO HEATING AND LIGHTING PURPOSES.”
MENTS IN FUEL APPLICABLE TO HEATING AND LIGHTING PURPOSES.”
Sealed the 1st December 1874, and dated the 19th September 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Punshon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th September 1874.
I, ROBERT PUNSHON, of Heatherleigh, Anerley Park, in the County
of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FUEL APPLICABLE TO HEATING AND LIGHTING
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in passing liquid hydrocarbons, which are known
by the general name of petroleum, through carbonate of lime (chalk) or
calcic oxide (lime), or other suitable porous substances capable of
absorbing petroleum, to which chalk or other substance heat is
annlied
.

page_text: The liquid hydrocarbon or petroleum is kept in a liquid state by the
pipe through which it is conveyed to the carbonate of lime (chalk) being
passed through a vessel containing cold water called a condenser, or by
having cold water applied to the pipe externally.
The substance of chalk is perforated with holes through it in order to 5
allow the atmospheric air to circulate as required, and when necessary
atmospheric air under pressure is forced through the said holes.
For the production of fuel for heating purposes I use blocks of per-
forated chalk with any required number of pipes or feeders for conveying
the petroleum thereto; and for lighting purposes I use a burner made of 1
chalk, with one or more holes formed in it as required to suit the lamp,
and the condenser containing cold water is formed in the lamp.
In some cases, cither for heating or lighting purposes, the petroleum
is forced through the pipes or feeders into the chalk by pressure; also
by turning the supply of petrolcum off and on by means of a feed cock 1
a flashing light may be produced applicable to signalling purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Punshon in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 18th March 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT 2
PUNSHON, of Heatherleigh, Anerley Park, in the County of Surrcy,
Gentleman; send greeting:
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the 2
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Robert Punshon, Her special
licence that I, the said Robert Punshon, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert Punshon, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and

page_text: Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FUEL APPLICABLE TO HEATING AND LIGHTING PURPOSES,??
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Punshon,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument, in writing under.
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Punshon, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hercunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say):
My Invention of "Improvements in Fuel Applicable to Heating and
Lighting Purposes" consists in passing liquid hydrocarbons, which are
known by the general name of petroleum, through carbonate of lime.
(chalk) or calcic oxide (lime) or other suitable porous substances capable.
of absorbing petroleum, to which chalk or other substance heat is
applied.
The liquid hydrocarbon or petroleum is kept in a liquid state by the
pipe through which it is conveyed to the carbonate of lime (chalk) being
passed through a vessel containing, cold water called a condenser, or by
having cold water applied to the pipe externally, so as to keep it cool
and prevent the petroleumi oil from vapourizing and the pipe from
heating.
The substance of chalk is perforated with holes through it or broken
into small pieces, in order to allow the atmospheric air admitted through
apertures in the vessel to circulate as required, and when necessary.
atmospheric air under pressure is forced through the said holes or
interstices between the pieces of the chalk.
For the production of fuel for heating purposes I use blocks of per-
forated chalk, or chalk broken into small pieces, with any required
number of pipes or feeders for conveying the petroleum thereto, in order
to saturate the chalk as required; and for lighting purposes I use a
burner made of chalk, with one or more holes formed in it as required

page_text: Heat is generated and maintained by the burning of the petroleum or
hydrocarbon and the carbonate of lime (chalk) together, and the latter
is required to be renewed from time to time as it becomes converted into
quicklime.
When a larger quantity of heat is required this may be produced by
forcing atmospheric air through the interstices of the chalk by any
convenient means.
The Invention may be adapted and applied to the furnaces of steam
boilers or other furnaces in which it may be convenient to combine a
condenser and apparatus for supplying the petroleum or hydrocarbon in
a cold state.
Having.thus described the nature of the said Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that what I claim
as my Invention is the combined use for heating and lighting purposes
of liquid hydrocarbons, which are known by the general name of
petroleum and carbonate of lime (chalk), as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Punshon, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Eighteenth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.
Witness,
WILLIAM SPENCE,
8, Quality Court,
Chancery Lane.
ROBERT PUNSHON. (L.S.)