CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING OR SETTING THE MAIN CYLINDER OP CARDING ENGINES USED FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Lawrence Whitaker, of Haslingden, in the County
of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and Greenwood Lyons, of the same place,
it Manager, for the Invention of" CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN GRINDING OR
SETTING THE MAIN CYLINDER OP CARDING ENGINES USED FOR CARDING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS." .!!
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Lawrence Whitaker and
Greenwood Lyons at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 15th March 1854.
.
We, LAWRENCE WHITAKER, of Haslingden, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner, and GREENWOOD LYONS, of the same place, Manager, do, hereby
declare the nature of the said. Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
GRINDING OR SETTING THE MAIN CYLINDER OF CARDING ENGINES USED FOR CARD-
ING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS" to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to grinding or setting the wire card with which the.
exterior of the "main cylinder" of ordinary carding engines is covered, and
consists in the novel application, employment, or use of a reversing motion or
apparatus for the purpose of driving or turning the main cylinder in the
reverse direction for grinding its cards to that in which it runs whilst per--
forming the operation of carding. This is commonly performed by hand, and
with considerable risk and danger, by the operator taking off the common.

page_text: driving strap from the fast driving pulley fixed at one end of the main cylinder
shaft, and then putting on another strap crossed, so that it will accomplish this
reverse action of the main cylinder as required for grinding. Our improve-
ments consist in simply providing an extra loose pulley upon the driving shaft
of the "main cylinder" upon which the common driving strap is passed, which
being disengaged from the fast driving pulley, of course ceases to drive the
cylinder in the direction in which it was running whilst carding, and a carrier
wheel (either spur or friction) being in gear with this loose pulley and another
wheel upon the "main cylinder" shaft, will cause that cylinder to be driven
in a reverse direction when required for grinding or setting merely by sliding
or passing the common driving strap from one pulley to another. Any
mechanical equivalent to effect a reversing motion or action may be as readily
employed, but the above described exhibits the simplest mode of application of
our Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Lawrence Whitaker and Greenwood Lyons in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 14th September 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, LAWRENCE
WHITAKER, of Haslingden, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton Spinner, and
GREENWOOD LYONS, of the same place, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four, in the seventeenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Lawrence Whitaker and Greenwood Lyons, Her especial license,
that we, the said Lawrence Whitaker and Greenwood Lyons, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Lawrence Whitaker
and Greenwood Lyons, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN GRINDING OR SETTING THE MAIN CYLINDER OF CARDING ENGINES USED FOR
CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst.
others) that we, the said Lawrence Whitaker and Greenwood Lyons, (or
one of us,) by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, (or under

page_text: the hand and seal of one of us,) should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Lawrence Whitaker, do hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
Our Invention relates to grinding or setting the wire cards with which the
exterior of the main cylinder of ordinary carding engines is covered, and con-
sists in the novel application, employment, or use of a reversing motion or
apparatus for the purpose of driving or turning the main cylinder in the
reverse direction for grinding its cards to that in which it runs whilst per-
forming the operation of "carding." This is commonly performed by hand;
and at considerable risk and danger, by the operator taking off the common
driving strap from the "fast" driving pulley fixed at one end..of the main
cylinder shaft, and then putting on another strap crossed, so that it will
accomplish this reverse action of the main cylinder as required for grinding:
Our improvements consist in simply providing an extra loose pulley upon the
driving shaft of the main cylinder upon which the common driving strap is
passed, which being disengaged from the fast driving pulley of course ceases__
to drive the cylinder in the direction in which it was running whilst "carding;"
on this loose pulley is secured a bevil wheel, which is brought into gear with a
second bevil wheel on the same shaft simply by elevating a small bevil pinion;
by which means a reverse motion is obtained. Any mechanical equivalent to
effect a reversing motion or action may be as readily employed, but the above
described exhibits the mode that we prefer of applying our Invention. But in
order that our Invention may be the better understood and explained in detail,
we have attached to these Presents a Sheet of Drawings made to a scale of
about two inches to a foot, and having the same letters of reference marked
on similar parts of the machine or apparatus in the several Figures shown.
Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of part of a carding engine with our
improvements attached; Fig. 2 exhibits a front elevation of the same. The
action will be better understood by reference to Fig. 2. a, represents the
usual fast pulley; b, a loose pulley; and c, a loose pulley having secured to it
a bevil wheel d, opposite to which and on the same shaft is the bevil wheel e;
on the side of the framing is fixed a slot piece f, in which the hand lever
g works, having for its fulcrum the projecting pin h; at the end of the hand

page_text: lever g the vertical shaft jorises, bearing upon it the bevil pinion. k, whose
elevation and depressionfare.controlled by the guide.fittings land m. We will
now suppose the strap to, be running on the loose pulley.b.having just been
removed from..the fast and carding. pulley" a, a reverse motion being
required, the strap must now be passed or guided on to the loose pulley
which will immediately. be carried: round; and with it, the bevil wheel d, but as
yet no effect beyond this would be obtained; the attendant now takes the hand
lever gland depresses it; the effect of which will be to elevate or raise the bevil
pinion k, thereby bringing itself and the two bevil wheels d and.e into gear,
the bevil wheel e being fast. upon the main cylinder shaft; the reverse motion
is at once obtained without any probability of danger or the need of any risk...
Having now particularly described the nature of our Invention, and the
mánner in which it is to be performed, we wish it to. be distinctly understood:
that we claim, first, the novel application, employment, and use of a reverse:
motion given to the main cylinder of carding engines by the use of an extra
pulley and suitable gear or other mechanical equivalents; and; secondly, the.
employment, and use of the apparatus or machinery as herein particularly
described and set forth, and fully illustrated in the accompanying Drawings, for
the purpose as before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Lawrence Whitaker, have hereunto set
Amy hand and seal, the Twelfth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
IACHורז.
זירוחזIN ז
NCE WHITAKER. (L.S.)