Improvements in Machines for Forming and Driving Rivets, Studs, Nails, or Pegs used principally in the Manufacture of Coverings for the Feet.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Jan., 1805
Complete Specification Left, 18th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 18th Jan., 1896
Date of Application,
Complete Specification Left, 18th Oct., 1895-Accepted, 18th Jan., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Forming and Driving Rivets, Studs,
Nails, or Pegs used principally in the Manufacture of Coverings
for the Feet.
We, THOMAS GARE, Engineer, and THE GARE MACHINE COMPANY
LIMITED, Engineers, both of Hopes Carr, Stockport, in the County of Chester,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :--
This invention relates to improvements in machines for forming rivets, studs,
nails or pegs and driving the same into material to be fastened together or furnished
therewith, principally such as the soles and heels in the manufacture of coverings
for the feet.
This invention comprises, firstly, an improved jack for supporting the work;
secondly, an improved form of die for heading the rivet, etc.; thirdly, improved
means for preliminary closing the heading die bars; fourthly, an improved method
of and means for actuating the rivet, etc., pointing and severing die; fifthly, an
improved form of throat and presser foot; sixthly, improved means for feeding the
rivet, etc., material and indicating and varying the length of the rivet, etc., to be
formed; lastly, improved means for automatically varying the drop of the horn or
jack shaft.
"
Referring to the first part of our invention we mount upon springs the "jack
part which carries the work, and the jack itself upon a vertical shaft under the
influence of a spring and adapted to receive a horn in lieu of the jack if desirable
and to be depressed automatically when the work is fed. The springs upon which
the jack part is mounted serve to unlock it and thereby permit its adjustment and
to hold the work against the presser foot during the feeding of it whilst the spring
on the jack or horn shaft serves to hold the work otherwise against the presser foot
and to lock the jack in position when driving the rivet, etc., formed.
By preference we place the said jack springs upon rods, the lower ends of which
are secured to a cross-head and the upper ends of which are furnished with sliding
sockets, the said springs being in compression between the said cross-head and
sliding sockets. Between the said sockets is employed to swivel a toothed quadrant
and upon the said cross-head a toothed bit. The said quadrant, adapted to carry
the work, is locked in position during the driving of the rivet, etc., and unlocked
when feeding the work, the said bit being raised in gear with the said quadrant by
the spring on the jack or horn shaft and the quadrant out of the bit by the springs
on the said rods. The said cross-head is adapted to swivel in a socket connected!
by means of a universal coupling to a bracket secured to the top of the aforesaid
shaft. To hold the jack against the sole guide and thus balance it we attach to
the same a band or its equivalent under the influence of a weight or spring.
The "jack" arrangement described obviates the necessity of holding the work
against the presser foot or locking and unlocking the said quadrant by hand or
both as heretofore has been the case thus rendering both actions automatic.
In carrying out the second part of our invention we form one part of the heading
die "he and the other "she" shaped so as to interlock and thus guide the
rivet, etc. material and prevent the rivet, etc., formed from falling sideways out of
the die. The "she" part we may form in two parts under the influence of a
spring and the "he" part with projections adapted to engage and lock the said

page_text: she" parts on the die bars being closed and thus grip the rivet, etc., material
from three sides in lieu of two only, whilst on the die bars opening the said die
spring quickly releases the rivet, etc., from the grip of the "she" die part.
If deemed necessary we may employ in the back of the "she" die part a stud
with bevelled end and under the influence of a spring which when the die opens
pushes the rivet, etc., formed laterally out of the "she" die.
Referring to the third part of our invention in lieu of preliminary closing
the heading die bars by means of the lever which actuates the rivet, etc.,
pointing and severing die, we employ on the side of the stationary head part
of the machine a shaft upon the back end of which we fix a lever under the
influence of a spring acted upon by a cam on the driving shaft and the front
end of which is furnished with a lever carrying an adjustable stud which
through the action of the said cam is timed to abut against the heading die bar
as may be required.
Referring to the fourth part of our invention in lieu of employing the movable
part of the rivet, etc., pointing and severing dies in the respective bar in front of
the rivet, etc., material and actuating it by a lever and cam employed in front of
the machine head we employ the said die part in arrear of the rivet, etc.,
material so as to be actuated by a cam fixed on the driving shaft, the respective
stationary die part being positioned in front of the rivet, etc., material.
To this end we fix upon the back end of the rivet, etc., pointing and severing
bar a sleeve which is connected to the movable part of the said pointing and
severing die and adapted to be reciprocated by means of a slide under the influence
of a spring and actuated by the aforesaid cam. The stationary part of the
rivet, etc., pointing and severing dies is rendered adjustable in its bar by such as
a wedge or screw so as to be able to compensate for the wear of it.
The described mode of operating the pointing and severing dies renders their
action more reliable and gives free access to the material feeding device and
adjacent parts which is essential in the working of the machine.
Referring to the fifth part of our invention we form the upper end of the throat
with an elongated mouth which causes the rivet, etc., formed to more readily fall
into the same.
The lower end of the throat we form with two flats adapted to fit
into a corresponding groove formed in the presser foot which forms a guide for
and gives great steadiness to the throat. The bottom of the presser foot below
the end of the throat we partially close and form the same with a V groove adapted
to receive and guide the point of the rivet, etc., formed whilst in the throat in lieu
of permitting it to ride on the work thus ensuring the rivet, eac., entering the hole
formed in the work.
Referring to the sixth part of our invention in lieu of feeding the rivet, etc.,
material by a rotary device, we employ a vertically reciprocal one arranged as
follows:-
Upon the vertically reciprocal awl slide we employ a cam piece adapted to strike
one end of a lever pivoted to the stationary head part of the machine and the other
end of the said lever engaging a slide carrying a feed lever under the influence of
a spring operating in connection with a projection on the said slide between which
the rivet, etc., material passes on its way to the die bars. The awl slide on its
upward movement, through the said intermediate lever causes the said feed lever
to be depressed and thus grip the rivet, etc., material and draw it down, the
duration of the grip being controlled by a projection against which the said feed
lever is timed to abut when the rivet, etc., material has been fed the required
distance. The said projection may be rendered adjustable on a vertically
stationary part of the head of the machine or on an arm connected to the jack or
horn shaft adapted to rise and fall with the same,
When reudering the said projection adjustable we form it inclined and with a
pointer in connection with an index to which the said incline can be set by hand so
as to vary the time of contact with the said feed lever as may be required to vary
the length of rivet, etc., to be formed.

page_text: The described feeding device prevents the rivet, etc., material being fed into the
dies in a bent condition which is found to greatly interfere with the proper working
of the same and also provides a ready way of varying the length of the rivet, etc.,
to be formed.
Referring to the last part of our invention we binge to the lower end of the rod
suspended from the horn cam lever an arm the free end of which carries a stud
furnished with a thread. Upon the upper end of the rod connected to the jack or
horn shaft we place a clip which when loose thereon is supported by a projection
on the frame of the machine, the open end of the said clip being adapted to receive
the said threaded stud. The said clip is formed with an extension projecting
towards the said arm and carrying a set screw against which the said arm is adapted
to abut when the respective rod is raised by the cam lever. The said arm when
raised causes the stud to draw the clip tight on its rod and thus form a rigid con-
nection between the two rods whilst when being lowered opens the clip and releases
its rods thus breaking the connection.
Dated this 17th day of January 1805
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
Agents to Applicants.
Improvements in Machines for Forming and Driving Rivets, Studs,
Nails, or Pegs used principally in the Manufacture of Coverings
for the Feet.
We, THOMAS GARE, Engineer, and THE GARE MACHINE COMPANY
LIMITED, Engineers, both of Hopes Carr, Stockport, in the County of Chester,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in machines, such as described and
illustrated in Specification belonging to Ietters Patent No. 5037 dated
March 10th, 1894, granted to us, for forming rivets, studs or nails and driving the
same into material to be fastened together or furnished therewith, principally such
as the soles and heels in the manufacture of coverings for the feet.
This invention comprises, firstly, an improved jack for supporting the work;
secondly, an improved form of die for heading the rivet, etc.; thirdly, improved
means for preliminary closing the heading die bars; fourthly, an improved method
of and means for actuating the rivet, etc. pointing and severing die; fifthly, an
improved form of throat and presser foot; sixthly, improved means for feeding the
rivet, etc. material and indicating and varying the length of the rivet, etc. to be
formed; and lastly, improved means for automatically varying the drop of the horn
or jack shaft.
And in order that our invention may be more fully understood we have caused
to be appended hereunto two sheets of drawings marked with letters of reference
indicating like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1 is a front view, Fig. 2 a side view, and Fig. 3 a sectional front view of the
head,
Figs. 2 & 4 are front views of the means for varying the drop of the "horn or
shaft of a machine constructed in accordance with our invention.
jack
Fig. 5 is a detached plan of Fig. 4 and
Fig. 6 a plan of the rivet, etc. regulating device shown in Fig. 2.
Figs. 7, 11, 12, 14 & 15 are enlarged front views partly in section of the
rivet, etc. pointing and heading bars and adjacent parts.

page_text: 9 is a sectional side view of Fig. 7.
Fig. 10 a plan of the presser foot and rivet, etc. throat.
Figs. 8, 13 & 16 are plans of Figs. 7, 12 & 14 respectively, and
Fig. 17 a plan of a modification of the heading die.
In carrying out our invention and referring to Figs. 1 & 2, we employ as shown
and described in Specification belonging to Letters Patent No. 5037, dated
March 10th, 1894, granted to us, a movable head part a actuated laterally
intermittently by a cam on the driving shaft p and carrying an awl slide t and
throat; a stationary head part a' having attached a laterally stationary driver b
operated by a suitable cam or projection, and die bars d, d¹ and h in which the
rivets, etc. are formed and which are arranged in connection with a presser foot 6²
and a support in the present instance a "jack" constructed and operating as
hereinafter described.
"
Referring to the first part of our invention, we mount the upper part of the
"jack support which carries the work, see Figs. 1 & 2, upon springs ² and
the lower part upon a vertical shafts under the influence of a spring sand
adapted to receive a horn in lieu of the "jack" if desirable, and to be depressed
automatically when the work is fed. By preference we place the springs 2 upon
rods c, the lower ends of which are secured to a cross-head c' and the upper ends
adapted to slide in sockets, the said springs being in compression between the
said cross-head and sliding sockets. Between the sockets is employed to swivel
a toothed quadrant c and upon the cross-head is fixed a toothed bit c.
The quadrant is locked in position during the driving of the rivet, etc. by the
bit which is raised in gear therewith by the spring s¹ around the "jack
shaft s.
When feeding the work the shafts is lowered and the quadrant c
unlocked by the springs 2 raising it out of gear with the bit c. The cross-head o
is adapted to swivel on a socket connected by means of a universal coupling c³ to
a bracket csecured to the top of the aforesaid shaft s. The front of the boot is
supported on a curved reste attached to the quadrant c and the back on a
bracket e pivoted to and rendered adjustable on the slide 2 by means of a spring
pin and handle c. To hold the said "jack or last" support against the sole
guide a² and thus balance it we attach to the same a band or its equivalent a³ under
the influence of a weight a' or spring.
"
or horn
The "jack or last" support described above obviates the necessity of holding
the work against the presser foot or locking and unlocking the said quadrant c
by hand or both as herein before has been the case, thus rendering both actions
automatic.
In carrying out the second part of our invention we form the heading die f,f',
the bars d, d of which are secured to the stationary head part a', preferably by
means of a stud e, in "he" and "she "fashion, see Figs. 13 & 16, so as to interlock
and thus guide the rivet, etc. material and prevent the rivet, etc. formed from
falling sideways out of the die. The "she" part we may form in two parts fl
hinged together, see Fig. 17, under the influence of a spring g₁ the "he" part f
having two recesses f2 adapted to engage and lock the said "she" parts on the die
bars d, d', being closed and thus grip the rivet, etc. material from three sides in lien
of two only, whilst on the die bars d, d' opening the spring g' quickly releases the
rivet, etc. from the grip of the "she" die parts ¹.
If deemed necessary we may employ in the back of the "she" die part a stud f³,
see Figs. 12-15, with bevelled end and under the influence of a spring g² which
when the dies f,f¹, open pushes the rivet, etc. formed laterally out of the "she"
die f¹.
Referring to the third part of our invention in lieu of preliminary closing the
heading die hars d, d', by means of the lever which heretofore actuated the
rivet, etc. pointing and severing die n', we mount at the side of the stationary
head part a¹ of the machine, see Figs. 1, 2 & 3, a rocking shaft q having fixed at
each end a lever g¹ & 92, the lever q being acted upon by a cam p' on the driving
shaft p and the lever q2 adapted to contact with the movable part d' of the die

page_text: bars d, d¹ for the purpose of preliminary closing the same when severing a
rivet, etc. blank from the material i.
Referring to the fourth part of our invention in lieu of employing the movable
part n' of the rivet, etc. pointing and severing dies n, n' in the bar h in front of the
rivet, etc. material i and actuating it by a lever and cam employed in front of the
machine head as heretofore, we employ the die part n in the bar / behind
the rivet, etc. material i so as to be reciprocated by means of a slide o, guided in
the framework of the machine, under the influence of a spring o', see more
particularly Figs. 2, 3 & 8, and actuated by a cam o² fixed on the driving shaft. p
the said slide having a diagonal slot o³ which engages a projection n² formed on the
sleeve secured to the die part n¹. The die part n is rendered adjustable, by such
as a wedge n³ and set screws n', see Figs. 8 & 9, so as to be able to compensate for
its wear.
The described mode of operating the pointing and severing dies renders their
action more reliable and gives free access to the material feeding device and
adjacent parts which is essential in the working of the machine.
Referring to the fifth part of our invention we form the upper end of the throat /
with an elongated mouth 1³, see Fig. 12, which causes the rivet, etc. formed to drop
readily into the same. The lower end is formed with two flats 1, see Figs. 7 & 10,
adapted to fit into a corresponding groove in the presser foot 62 which forms a
guide for and gives great steadiness to the throat 7. The presser foot b² is formed
with a bottom upon which the throat / moves. The said bottom we form with a
V groove and in front thereof with a slot through which the rivet, etc. is
driven, the said V groove 63 serving to receive and guide the point of the rivet, etc.
before being driven, in lieu of permitting it to ride on the work, and thus ensure it
meeting its hole in the same. The throat which is secured to the movable head
part a is formed with a bracket or extension 1, see Figs. 1, 2, 7 to 15, which serves
as a support for the front ends of the die bars d, d', and being furnished with an
adjustable stud 12 as an abutment for the movable die bar d'. Another bracket c',
see Figs. 1, 8 & 11, is secured to the movable head part a in front of the bracket ¹
which is furnished with adjustable studs c², c², and serves as an abutment for the
bar h.
Referring to the sixth part of our invention in lieu of feeding the rivet, etc.
material by a rotary device, we employ a vertically reciprocal one, arranged as
follows-
Upon the vertically reciprocal awl slide t, see Figs. 1 & 2 we employ a cam
piece adapted to strike one end of a lever t2 pivoted to the stationary head
part a' of the machine, the other end of the lever 2 engaging a slide t³ under the
influence of a spring & carrying a feed lever to under the influence of a spring and
operating in connection with a projection on the slide 3 between which the
rivet, etc. material i passes on its way to the die bar h and d, d'. The awl slide t
on its upward movement, through the intermediate lever t, causes the feed lever to
to be depressed and thus grip the rivet, etc. material i and draw it down, the
duration of the grip being controlled by a projection against which the feed
lever t is timed to abut when the rivet, etc. material has been fed the required
distance. The projection u may be rendered adjustable on a vertically stationary
part of the head a¹ of the machine or on an arm u¹ connected to the jack or horn
shafts by means of a rod 10 and arm w and adapted to rise and fall with the
same.
When rendering the projection u adjustable it takes the form of an incline on a
disc u², see Figs. 2 & 6, having a handle u³ adapted to move in connection with an
index or with two adjustable screws u which form an abutment for the handle u³
by means of which the said incline can be set and thus the time of contact of the
feed lever to varied as may be required to vary the length of rivet, etc. to be
formed.
In lieu of the said screws the said handle may have a pointer in connection with
an index as will be readily understood.

page_text: The described feeding device prevents the rivets, etc. material being fed into the
dies in a bent condition which is found to greatly interfere with the proper working
of the same and also provides a ready way of varying the length of the rivet, etc.
to be formed.
"
Referring to the last part of our invention, see Fig. 2*, we hinge to the lower
end of the rod y' suspended from the horn cam lever v, an arm y the free end of
which carries a stud furnished with a thread. Upon the upper end of the
rod w', connected to the "jack or horn shaft lever w², is a clip w preferably
formed in two parts hinged together and which when loose thereon is supported by
a projections on the frame of the machine, the open end of the clip being
adapted to receive the threaded stud w³. The clip w is formed with an extension s
projecting over the army and carrying a set screws against which the army is
adapted to abut when the rod y' is raised by the cam lever v. The army when
raised causes the stud to³ to draw the clip w tight on its rod wand thus form a
rigid connection between the two rods y' & ', whilst when being lowered it opens
the clip w and releases the rod w' thus breaking the connection.
A modification of the last part of our invention consists in dispensing with the
extension on the clip w and rendering the lower end of the rod y', see Figs. 2, 4
& 5, adjustable in the lever or arm y, and in suspending from the cam lever v
a rod, the lower end of which is forked and engages in slots 2 headed studs
screwed into the clip w. This arrangement bas for its advantage that the pull
exerted upon the rod w' is perfectly lineal therewith.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim, is-
1st. In machines for forming and driving rivets, studs, nails or pegs used
principally in the manufacture of coverings for the feet, a "jack or last" support
comprising a quadrant c, springs c² for applying pressure to the same, a toothed bit
engaging the quadrant, a shaft or main support s connected with the bit and a
spring on the shaft adapted to hold the bit engaging the quadrant, the said
springs acting to release the quadrant from the said bit, substantially as
described.
"
2nd. In machines for forming and driving rivets, studs or nails used principally
in the manufacture of coverings for the feet, the heading dies f, f1, formed in "he
and "she" fashion, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3rd. In combination with the heading die part f', specified in the preceding
claim, a stud f³ under the influence of a spring, all substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
4th. In a machine for forming and driving rivets, studs or nails used principally
in the manufacture of coverings for the feet, the combination with the heading die
bars d, d' of a shaft q having attached at each end a lever q, q2, the former being
actuated upon by a cam p' on the driving shaft and the latter adapted to contact
with the die bar d'and preliminary close the die f, f', all substantially as set
forth.
5th. In a machine for forming and driving rivets, studs or nails used principally
in the manufacture of coverings for the feet, the employment of the pointing and
severing die n' in arrear of the rivet material and rendered movable in the bar h
by a projection n² engaging in an inclined slot o³ formed in a slide o operated from
the driving shaft, all substantially as set forth.
2
6th. In a machine for forming and driving rivets, studs or nails used principally
in the manufacture of coverings for the feet, the rivet, etc. throat / formed with two
flats in combination with a presser foot & having a groove 6' adapted to receive
the said throat and a V groove 63 below the latter ending in a slot for guiding
the rivet, etc., all substantially as set forth.
7th. In combination, in a machine for forming and driving rivets, studs or nails
used principally in the manufacture of coverings for the feet, cutting and driving

page_text: mechanism and feeding mechanism comprising a slide t³ a lever t³ carried thereby
and adapted to grip the nail material, a lever * connected to the slide, a
reciprocating awl slide t and a cam piece thereon to operate the lever t³, substan-
tially as described.
8th. In combination, in a nail feeding mechanism, as specified in the preceding
claim, a slide t³, a lever carried thereby to grip the material to feed the same,
means for operating the slide and means for determining the engagement of the feed
lever with the nail material comprising an adjustable projection or arm u in the
path of the feed lever, substantially as described.
W
9th. In a machine for forming and driving rivets, studs, nails or pegs used
principally in the manufacture of coverings for the feet, the employment of a clip
on the rod wadapted to grip the latter tightly on the support cam lever v being
raised and to release the same when being lowered, all substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
Dated this 17th day of October 1895
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicants..