Appliance to be Used therewith.
Year: 1885

page_text: Appliance to be Used therewith.
'We WILLIAM JOHN CLAPP of Nantyglo, Surgeon and WILLIAM SANDBROOK of
Ebbw Vale, Ironmonger both in the County of Monmouth do hereby declare the
nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN SAFETY LAMPS AND AN IMPROVED
TOOL OR APPLIANCE TO BE USED THEREWITH to be as follows:-
The Invention relates firstly to means for automatically extinguishing the light
in the event of dangerous heat being generated within the lamp which means also
prevents the flame from coming into contact with the gauze and prevents workmen
or others from obtaining a light for their pipes or for other purposes.
For this purpose we fix to the body of the lamp a wire guide formed of two
standards one of which is fixed on each side of the burner; these standards are
sufficiently wide apart at their lower parts to avoid interference with the flame;
their upper parts are closer together to enable them readily to pass into the gauze
chimney and they are parallel with each other so as to form a guide for the
extinguisher; at their upper parts they are connected together and are bent down-
wards a short distance for the purpose hereinafter explained.
The extinguisher is formed large enough to occupy the main portion of the area
of the chimney and it is made with guides loosely fitting the aforesaid wire guides;
it is also provided with a central socket in which a spring is placed and into which
the descending portion of the wire guide enters.
The extinguisher is held at the upper part of the wire guide by means of fusible
wire, silk or twine at such a height as to cause the spring to be compressed by the
descending portion of the wire guide. Thus in the event of a dangerous heat
being developed within the lamp the fusible wire will be melted or the silk or cord
burnt when by the action of the spring the extinguisher will be shot on to the
burner and extinguish the flame, in whatever position the lamp may occupy at
the time, the extinguisher will also prevent the flame from passing up to and
coming into contact with the gauze even when the wick is expressly raised for
such purpose.
Our invention relates secondly to improved means for trimming the lamp. For
this purpose we form the hooked end of the wick raiser with an extra bar which is
so extended as to be capable of completely topping the wick, the old arrangements
being capable of topping only half of the wick, we also fix a milled button or stud
to the lower end to facilitate the handling of the trimmer.

page_text: The invention also relates to improved means for locking the upper part of the
lamp to the body thereof. For this purpose we employ a stud or bolt capable of
working to and fro in a socket carried by the upper part of the lamp which stud
or bolt enters a hole in the body of the lamp as usual, we however form on such
stud or bolt a number of teeth and we employ in connection therewith a cross pin
which is formed with teeth around the same fitting the aforesaid teeth and with
one end capable of being operated by a suitable key the socket encloses the said
stud or bolt as also the cross pin at one end so that there is only the key hole
exposed thus when the two parts of the lamp are locked together a seal can be
applied to the keyhole which being of a known character or provided with a
suitable number will act as a tell tale if it should in any way be interfered with.
This means of enclosing the stud or bolt and cross pin is also applicable to the
arrangements described in a provisional specification filed by us on the 1st January
last.
The invention also relates to an improved tool or appliance to be used with our
improvements. This consists of a three armed instrument, one arm of which forms
a pricker which may be used for removing the seal for pushing back the stud or
bolt when a sliding bolt is used and for trimming the lamp, another arm has the
seal on its end and the third arm is the key for unlocking the lamp.

page_text: Appliance to be Used therewith.
We WILLIAM JOHN CLAPP of Nantyglo, Surgeon, and WILLIAM SANDBROOK of
Ebbw Vale, Ironmonger both in the County of Monmouth, do hereby declare the
nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
The invention relates Firstly to means for automatically extinguishing the light
or flame in the event of dangerous heat being developed or generated within the
lamp which means also prevents the flame from coming into contact with the
gauze and prevents workmen or others from obtaining a light for their pipes or for
other purposes.
The invention relates Secondly to improved means for trimming the lamp when
in use.
The invention relates Thirdly to improved means for locking the upper parts of
the lamp to the body thereof, and
The invention relates Fourthly to an improved tool or appliance to be used with
our improvements.
Our invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in all the figures of
which like parts are marked with similar letters of reference.
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a safety lamp showing one method in which we
carry our invention into effect. Figure 2 is an elevation of the lower part or body.
of the lamp separately and drawn at right angles to that shown at Figure 1.
Figures 3 and 4 are two elevations shown at right angles to each other' and
Figure 5 is a top view or plan showing the extinguishing apparatus separately.
Figure 6 is a vertical section and Figure 7 is a horizontal section of parts showing
one form of our improved locking means, and Figure 8 is an end view and Figure 9
is a plan of part thereof separately.
Figure 10 is a horizontal section of parts showing a modified form of our
improved locking means. Figure 11 is a sectional plan drawn on the line 1, 1, of
Figure 1 and showing our improved wick trimmer and other parts.
Figure 12 is a vertical section of a safety lamp showing some of our improve-
ments applied thereto in a slightly modified form.
Figure 13 is a sectional plan drawn on the line 2, 2, of Figure 12. Figures 14
and 15 are elevations drawn at right angles to each other and Figure 16 is a plan
or top view of the extinguishing apparatus.
Figure 17 is an elevation of a pin or support for the supplemental extinguisher.
Figure 18 is a vertical section of parts showing a slight modification in the
construction of the supplemental extinguisher and its fittings.
Figures 19, 20 and 21 show details of the locking mechanism and Figure 22 is
an elevation and Figure 23 is an edge view of an improved tool or appliance to be
used with our improved safety lamp.
Figures 1, 2, 12, 17, and 18 are drawn half full size and all the other figures are
drawn full size. .
We will first describe the modification shown at Figures 1 to 11.
}
a represents the body or reservoir of the lamp, b the burner, and c the wick
trimmer; d is an annealed glass cylinder surrounding the burner-and-flame and

page_text: nerd in the usual manner between the metal rings or fittings e, f, which are con-
nected together by rods g as is well understood. More than one of such glass
cylinders d may be employed if desired.
The ring or fitting e screws on to the body or reservoir a or it may be secured
thereto by bayonet catches or by other suitable means and the ring or fitting has
the wire gauze chimney or cover h fixed thereto at the lower part whilst it is
provided with uprights f¹ to which a ring f" is fixed which guides and supports
the upper end of the wire gauze chimney.
In carrying the first part of our invention into effect we fix to the body or
reservoir a of the lamp a wire guide formed of two standards i one of which is
fixed on each side of the burner b; these standards i are sufficiently wide apart at
their lower parts to avoid interference with the flame, their upper parts are closer
to enable them readily to pass into the wire gauze cylinder h and they are parallel
with each other so as to form a guide for the extinguisher j; at their upper parts
these standards i are connected together and are bent forward into the form of a
hook or support and downward into the form of a central descending pin ³ for
the purposes hereinafter explained.
The extinguisher j is fixed to plates j¹³ which are formed large enough to occupy
the main portion of the area of the wire gauze chimney h and it is made with
tubular guides loosely fitting the wire guides i: The plate 7¹ is formed with a
hook around which and around the hook or support i¹ a loop k of fusible wire,
silk or twine is passed in order to hold the extinguisher ; in its raised position
during the proper burning of the lamp. is a spring which according to the
arrangement now being described is contained within a tube j fixed to the plates j¹³
centrally between the extinguisher guides j³. Thus when the extinguisher j is in
its raised position the pin presses upon a disc at the top of the spring and
partially compresses such spring.
The upper part of the lamp is locked to the body or reservoir a in the following
manner.
m is a stud or bolt which is capable of working to and fro in a socket formed
in a lump or projection e¹ carried by the ring e. This stud or bolt m enters a
hole a¹ in the body or reservoir a in a similar manner to the screw pin ordinarily
employed, we however according to this modification form on such stud or bolt m
a number of teeth m¹ and we employ in connection therewith a cross pin n which
is formed with teeth fitting the teeth m¹ and with one end n¹ so formed as to be
capable of being operated by a suitable key.
The socket in the projection e¹ entirely encloses the stud or bolt m as also the
cross pin n except the outer end of the stud or bolt m and one end of the cross
pin n so that the key hole alone is exposed, thus when the two parts a and e of
the lamp are locked together, a seal can be applied to the key hole which being of
a known character or provided with a suitable number will act as a tell tale if.it
should in any way be interfered with. This locking arrangement may if desired
be supplemented by a lead or other soft metal cross-pin n² passing through a hole
formed through the block e¹ just behind the stud or bolt m when the latter is in
its locked position. In this case a seal will be formed on each end of the cross
pin n by a suitable instrument or tool and until the removal of the said pin n² the
stud or bolt o cannot be forced backwards. When employing the cross pin n² the
cross pin n may be dispensed with, in which case the stud or bolt m would be
pushed backwards and forwards by a suitable picker x such as that shown at
Figures 22 and 23.
The trimmer c instead of being formed with a plain hook as heretofore is
according to our invention formed with an extra bar c² which is so extended as to
enable the trimmer c to completely top the wick, the part c¹ first topping one part
of the wick and the extra bar or part c³ then following and topping the other part
of the wick. The trimmer is provided with a milled head c³ by which it can be
readily rotated.

page_text: We will now describe the modification shown at Figures 12 to 21. In this case
the lamp is provided with an outer perforated sheet metal casing p which surrounds
the wire gauze cylinder h and screws on to the ring or fitting for is secured thereto
by bayonet catches or other suitable means. The ring or fitting fis formed with
holes f3 to admit air 'between the outer casing p and the tube f. In the modifi-
cation now being described the locking arrangement is also slightly modified as
follows: the stud or bolt m is formed with a reduced portion m³, a semi-circular
space m² and a head m³ whilst the cross pin n is formed at one end with a head n³
and at the other with a feather or projection n; thus when the stud or bolt m is
in its locking position, the semicircular space m² is opposite or in a line with the
cross pin n in which position the latter can be first moved forward and then turned
round to bring the feather or projection n' on the exposed side of the stud or bolt m
thereby locking the latter in position and at the same time preventing the cross
pin n from accidentally receding and thereby releasing the stud or bolt m. A seal
is also applied to the key hole as before described in order to secure the cross pin n
in its locking position and to prevent surreptitious interference therewith.
In the present modification a supplemental extinguisher je is also employed which
is supported by and acts simultaneously with the extinguisher ; as hereinafter
described.
The wire gauze cylinder h has a second short cylinder or cap h¹ tightly fitting
the upper part thereof and in the centre of the discs closing the upper ends of
such parts h h are guides h² through which is passed a pin which at its lower
end rests upon the extinguisher plate and is provided at its upper end with a
large flat heads on which the supplemental extinguisher is supported.
This supplemental extinguisher consists of an inverted cup situated between the
uprights and the outer casing p, in its upper end are perforations to permit
the products of combustion to pass therethrough. The pin may if desired be
fixed to the supplemental extinguisher j and the short wire-gauze cylinder or
cap h¹ uprights f¹ and ring f³ may be dispensed with.
This supplemental extinguisher on falling acts in combination with the upper
edge of the tube f* and thereby shuts off all communication between the interior
of the lamp and the external atmosphere except what little exists through the wire
gauze caps and the apertures or perforations j³. The extinguisher j on falling
acts directly to extinguish the flame from the burner whilst the supplemental
extinguisher prevents the passage of any flame from the interior to the exterior
of the lamp. The spring instead of being contained within a tube j³ fixed to the
tubes as in the arrangement first described, is according to the present
modification contained within a tube j³ fixed centrally to the cover of the outer
casing p and it acts upon a pin which bears upon the top of the supplemental
extinguisher jo.
The outer casing p is also provided with perforations pl in its tubular part and
with perforations or openings p³ in the top thereof to permit of the necessary
ingress of air and egress of the products of combustion.
These perforations p¹ p² may be varied in number, size and position according
to requirements.
The outer casing p is locked in position on the ring ƒ by means of a sliding rod gl
the upper end of which in the locking position enters a socket p³ in the outer
casing p and is held in such position by the stud or bolt m passing under the lower
end of such rod g¹; but when it is desired to remove the casing p from the lamp
the stud or bolt m is moved backwards and the rod g¹ is lowered, when the casing p
can be readily unscrewed or disconnected from the ring f.
The body or reservoir a can also be readily unscrewed or otherwise disconnected
from the upper parts of the lamp when the rod g¹ is in its raised position and the
stud or bolt m is retracted.
By these means we are enabled to remove the body or reservoir a and the
outer casing p independently of each other whilst they can both be removed when
desired.

page_text: In Figure 12 the lower edge of the supplemental extinguisher j is represented
as fitting outside the upper edge of the tube f' whilst at Figure 18 it is represented
as fitting the interior thereof.
The instrument or tool shown at Figures 22 and 23 consists of a picker x (by
which the stud or bolt m and cross pin n shown at Figures 12, 18, 19, 20 and 21
can be moved endwise in their sockets and by which the lamp can be trimmed) a
key y (fitting the head of the cross pin n) and a seal by which the cross pin n
can be sealed up.
By the aid of our invention, in the event of a dangerous heat being developed
within the lamp, the fusible wire loop k will be melted or the silk or cord burnt,
when by the action of the spring and the weight of the extinguishers j je the
extinguisher will descend on to the burner and extinguish the flame and
when the supplemental extinguisher je is used all communication will be shut off
between the interior and exterior of the lamp except as before stated, whilst the
extinguisher j and parts connected therewith will also prevent the flame from
passing up to and coming into contact with the wire gauze h even when the wick
is expressly raised for such purpose.
The lamp can be rendered more or less sensitive respectively by increasing or
decreasing the length of the loop k supporting the extinguisher or extinguishers or
by decreasing or increasing its substance or by using wire which is more or less
readily fusible.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1. The combination with a safety lamp of extinguishing apparatus constructed
and operating in manner substantially as herein shown and described.
2. The combination with a safety lamp of improved locking apparatus for
locking the upper and lower parts of the lamp together substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purpose stated.
3. The combination with a safety lamp of an improved wick trimmer and
raiser c constructed substantially as herein shown and described and for the
purpose stated.
4. The combined instrument or tool x, y, z, to be used with a safety lamp sub-
.stantially as herein shown and described and for the purpose stated.
Dated thig 12th day of January 1886.