IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL WHEELS
Year: 1885

page_text: Metal Wheels.
We EDWARD WILLIAM WARRINER of 24 Florence Street Sheffield Yorkshire
General Smith, and ALFRED HENRY MARRIOTT of 47 Clifton Street Sheffield
Wheel Smith do hereby declare the nature of our said invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL WHEELS," to
be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain useful and effective improvements in the
construction and arrangement of apparatus to be used in the manufacture of metal
wheels, the objects of the invention being :-reduction in the cost of manufacturing
Buch wheels, greater durability in the wheels manufactured, and ensuring an
easier and more simple mode of manufacturing said wheels.
The invention consists in applying to, or in constructing, the apparatus with a
novel arrangement of parallel wedge slides and propelling rollers working in
connection therewith.
The framework of this improved apparatus is made or consists of two legs or
housings erected at a suitable distance apart from each other with a bearing in the
front for the seat of a tool or die such as is used in the manufacture of metal
wheels. At the top of the legs or housings an ordinary hydraulic cylinder is fitted
and secured, in which an ordinary ram is arranged to work, in the head of which
ram a tool is fixed. On the inner surface of each leg a recess or groove is formed
by the running of, or making, flanges or slide bars from the top to the lower ends
of the legs, these recesses or grooves are for the purpose of receiving four parallel
wedge slides, which together with four {propelling rollers or pullies, two spindles
and two arms constitute the novel and peculiar arrangement of this apparatus.
The four slides are arranged in two pairs, one pair being adjusted in each of the
recesses or grooves in the housings or legs ;-the front slide of each pair is secured
to the head of the ram, and works up and down therewith, each end of the slides is
of wedge shape tapering from the inner edge to the back edge that bears against
the flanges or slide bars.
The back and front slides are alternately employed to bear upon the rollers
or pullies for the purpose of forcing them backwards and forwards, the rollers or

page_text: pullies are arranged two at the upper and two at the lower ends of the slides, in the
tapered off space between the slides.-The rollers or pullies have a central hole
through each of them, through which holes run the ends of the two spindles. The
spindles are of sufficient length to reach from one housing to the other and rest on
the ledges of two long holes cut in each of the housings for the purpose of directing
the course of the spindles and the rollers or pullies too; each of the arms is
attached at one end to the spindle employed at the lower ends of the slides while
the other ends of the arms project beyond the front of the framework just over the
seat of the back die or tool, and are suitably arranged for the adjustment of a
front die which they carry to and fro according to the motion of the spindle to
which they are connected.
منا.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus to be Used in the Manufacture of
Metal Wheels.
We EDWARD WILLIAM WARRINER of 24 Florence Street Sheffield Yorkshire
General Smith and ALFRED HENRY MARRIOTT of 47 Clifton Street Sheffield
Wheel Smith do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL WHEELS," and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, and on reference to the
accompanying sheet of drawings, that is to say -
This Invention relates to certain useful and effective improvements in the
construction and arrangement of apparatus to be used in the manufacture of metal
wheels, the objects of the invention being reduction in the cost of manufacturing
the wheels, greater durability in the wheels, and ensuring an easier and more simple
mode of manufacturing such wheels.
The invention consists mainly in applying to, or in constructing the apparatus
with a novel arrangement of parallel wedge slides and propelling rollers working
in connection therewith, which slides and rollers are fitted in a framework or
housings and are employed for drawing up and forcing out the "belt," to which
belt the tool that forms or keeps the rim of the wheel to its proper shape is
secured.
In order that the practical carrying out of our said invention may be fully
understood we have illustrated it on the accompanying sheet of drawings and have
marked the same with letters of reference and numerals corresponding with the
following description thereof.
Figure 1, is a side view or elevation partly in section, and Figure 2, is a front
view of the apparatus.
The framework of our apparatus is made or consists of two housings or legs
which are bowed out in the front from just above the centre to the top and are
supported on the outside by a border, shown in the side view Figure 1, and
marked 1, in each corner; on the inner or opposite side a recess is formed by the
running of two slide bars from the top to the bottom of each housing or leg as
shown in Figure 1, by dotted lines, and marked 2, near each end.
A, and B, are two of four parallel wedge slides which are arranged in pairs and
are employed in each of the recesses in the insides of the housings; the front
slide A, (see Figure 1,) is secured near the top to a block which forms the head of
an ordinary hydraulic ram by a bar which slots into it and is bolted to the block
or ramhead, as shown at C, Figures 1, and 2. The ram to which these slides are
secured works in a cylinder which is secured at the top of the housings. D, D, are

page_text: a pair of arms or levers with an eye in each of their ends, which extend on the
inside of the framework while the other ends are bent like a knee to right and left
angles and project beyond the front of the housings, as shown in Figure 1. The
arms or levers' D, D, are arranged to carry,-acting as the "belt,"-one of a set of
dies E, which when together form the complete bottom tool which is made
according to the section of the wheel operated on. F, G, are two propelling rollers
or pulleys fitted and employed at the upper and lower ends of each pair of slides
in the vacant space caused by the ends of the slides tapering off similar to a wedge.
H, H, are two spindles of sufficient length to reach across the housings and run
through the eyes of the arms or levers D, D, and the holes in the rollers or pulleys
and rest their ends in the two long holes cut horizontally in each of the housings
as shown at I, Figure 1.
J, is a top tool dovetailed and keyed into the block K, which block is keyed
into the head of the ram in a cross direction thus enabling the top tool to be
regulated to either side as required; the top tool J, is radiused according to the
wheel being operated on, as shown in Figure 2. L, L, are two portable jaws
situated between the housings and immediately beneath the lower spindle H; the
tail ends of these jaws extend to the back of the housings and are hinged in
sockets attached to the framework while from the front part of the jaws two lips
project beyond the front of the housings and hold two dies and serve as the seat
of the front tool E. Upon these jaws the wheel rests while under operation, as
shown in Figure 2; the lips on the front of the jaws in which the dies are
adjusted are placed a suitable distance apart so as to admit the spoke of the wheel,
the jaws are made to open and close by the tapered or wedge like part of the front
slides A.-M, is a bearer that fits between the housings in the front, and is
prevented by a shoulder on each side from being pulled through, by two screws
which hold it secure in its place, the screws pull from a bar that reaches across the
back of the framework as shown in Figure 1. The upper end of the bearer M, is
the seat of the jaws L, L.
In the bottom end of the bearer there is a grove in which fits a broad gib that
runs through the cotter holes in the lower ends of the suspension bars or bolts N,
shown in both Figures. In the front of the bearer there is a recess to admit the
boss of a wheel, in the centre of this recess there is a hole through the bearer M, in
which is adjusted a mandril which is used for the purpose of confining the spoke
to the proper length whilst it is being welded in the rim of the wheel, the
suspension bars or bolts N, run up in front of and close to the framework through
the projecting tops of the housings and the lugs or flanges of the cylinder and are
suspended by cotters that rest on the top of the flanges of the cylinder. These
bars or suspension bolts N, are used for the purpose of taking the strain off
the framework, as it will be seen-all the pressure brought to bear upon the wheel
must be resisted by those two bars or suspension bolts as the wheel is seated on
the jaws L, which are seated upon the bearer M, that stand upon the gib which
runs through the cotter holes in the lower ends of the bars or suspension bolts N.
In the front of the press at the lower part near the bed plate on which the press is
crected the gearing is adjusted; by which arrangement the accuracy of the putting
on of the spoke is ensured. The two circular blocks O, O, which constitute part
of the gearing are made with a hole through each of their tops to allow of two
oscillating bars Q, and R, being worked in each of them; the upper bars R, are
simply dropped into the holes of the blocks O, upon the square upper ends of the
oscillating bars Q, and remain protruding above the blocks O. The lower ends of
the oscillating bars Q, are cut diagonally similar to those of the slides B, and are
made suitable to the corresponding ends of the "pry".bar S, which reaches from
one block to the other and lifts the oscillating bars Q, as desired. In the centre of
the "
pry" bar S, an eyebolt which is screwed in the eye is fastened, in which a
screw, is worked, the screw also works in a plain eye bolt screwed in each of the
blocks O, and is turned by a box spanner or hand wheel. The "pry" bar S, when

page_text: forced by the screw gets its power to lift by the ledges in the blocks on which its
ends rest. The two blocks O, are secured through lugs on the outer edges (as
shown in Figure 2) to a frame which consists of two bars that have secured to
them at the back, near to the ends, two y slides that work with two other slides
which are fastened to the front of the press outside the suspension bars or bolts N.,
The top bar of the frame is inserted to the depth of its own thickness into the
bearer M, and the bars or bolts N, with sufficient space to allow for oscillation and;
clearance of the wheel when in the apparatus or press. The whole is raised by a.
spring P, shown in Figure 2, (which stands upon the bed plate) to the desired
height, which is marked out by two studs which are screwed on the housings and
act as stops. The same is, forced down by the wheel while under pressure with
the two forked clips which grip the wheel and rest upon the bars R, in the
gearing by which means the rim of the wheel can be revolved to either side to any
given mark to which the spoke is to be welded; this being necessitated by the
irregularity in the roundness of the rim. The clips mentioned above constitute
part of the crane tackle in which the wheel is slung and carried from the fire to
the apparatus.
The action of our apparatus is as follows:-The apparatus, it should be observed,
is constructed at the top with an ordinary hydraulic cylinder from which the ram
and rambead are operated, to which, as described, is attached and adjusted the
tool for pressing down onto the rim of the wheel. When the pressure is applied
to the apparatus by opening the valve the ram is forced to descend and carries
with it the tool J, and front slides A; in the descent of the slides A, the fulcrum
(which is a stud in the slide A,) of the levers D, is lowered which allows them to
fall pretty suddenly as the back leverage is considerably less than the front. When
the levers D, fall level with the lower spindle H, it brings the tool E, down upon
its seating on the jaws L, and through the further action of the levers the die or
tool E, is drawn close up to the dies in the jaws L, and so they together form a
complete bottom tool which involves or embraces the spoke and rim of the wheel
and prevents them from expanding beyond the limits allowed while they are being
pressed together at a welding heat. At the same time the slides A, are acting with
the levers D, the slides are bearing with their wedge like parts upon a prominence
on the near sides of the jaws L, causing them to close to what they are adjusted or
set for; and in the descent of the slides they bear with their lower tapered ends
upon the lower rollers or pulleys G, and repel them and the lower spindle H,
toward the back ends of the long holes I; at the same time the arms D, are drawn
inwardly as described above. In the backward motion of the lower pulleys G,
they bear on the lower tapered ends of the back slides B, and cause them to rise
and propel the upper spindle H, and rollers or pulleys G, forward in the upper
holes I, which direct their course and there they remain for the contrary action of
the apparatus which acts the same to all the inotive parts employed.
The re-action of this apparatus or press can be gained either by shouldering the
top part of the ram in the ordinary way like a piston head or by the employment
of a small cylinder and ram at the lower extremities of the apparatus which would
lift under the legs of the front slides which could be made to suit the purpose.
As this invention does not relate to any particular process of manufacture (being
applicable to all processes of manufacturing metal wheels) it will suffice to state
that the rim of the wheel is slung in suitable tackle suspended from a crane and
placed upon a fire adapted to this kind of work and heated to a welding degree, it
is then put into the apparatus and united to the spokes (which have been heated
in a separate fire) time after time until completed. It will be seen by the spoking
gearing being in front (as in Figure 2,) that spoking the wheel in what may be
called a complete rim is the mode preferred, but as the gearing is portable it can
be removed and other modes or process of manufacture adopted if preferred. The
procedure adopted with our apparatus, we would observe, only relates to what are
known as "single arm "wheels.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
The general construction adaptation combination and use of the mechanical
devices or working parts, as a whole,-constituting an improved useful and
efficient apparatus or machine for the manufacture of metal wheels, substantially
as hereinbefore is set forth, and as illustrated on the accompanying sheet of
drawings, or any equivalent modification thereof or variation therein.
Dattu viis mineteenth day of map 1.
E. W. WARRINER.
A. H. MARRIOTT.
By Bristow Hunt, Patent Agent.