IMPROVEMENTS MACHINERY POR SIZING AND BEAMING YARN
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Bullough, of Accrington, in the County of
Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of " IMPROVEMENTS
MACHINERY POR SIZING AND BEAMING YARN."
IN
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Bullough at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th November 1873.
I, JOHN BULLOUGH, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SIZING AND BEAMING YARN," to be as
follows:-
Machines for such purposes of necessity are of large dimensions,
because after the yarn leaves the size box it must be dried before being
wound on the weaver's beam, the drying being performed by passing the
yarn over a series of cylinders or pipes heated by steam or hot air. These
not only occupy a considerable space but heat largely in excess of that
actually absorbed by the sized
yarn is necessary.

page_text: With the view of economizing space, utilizing the heat and driving
power, various attempts have been made to so construct and actuate a
machine as to size two or more warps at one operation, such attempts
have heretofore failed and principally or wholly from want of uniformity
of tension on the warps, mainly caused by the variation of speed of the
weaver's beams. To remedy this defect and accomplish these objects
(together with other improvements of such machinery herein-after
described), I so construct and actuate the machine that the yarn com-
posing each separate warp shall be delivered to its beam without, and
wholly independent of the beam exerting any tension or drag on the
yarn further than that occasioned by the mere winding on the yarn as
and when so delivered to the beam, the two or more weaver's beams
being arranged and operated as herein-after described.
Beams of yarn to be sized are in sufficient number to form two
complete warps arranged on ordinary framework, the warps are con-
ducted to and through the size and squeezing rollers. The warps are
then separated and each passes over its conducting and guiding rollers,
and over the drying cylinders or pipes until nearing the weaver's beam,
whereon each warp is caused to pass over and between or partially
around and between two or more "grip rollers." These rollers perform
the actual work of drawing the yarn over the conducting or guide rollers
and the drying cylinders and pipes, and deliver it sized and dried to the
weaver's beam, the latter having simply to "take up."
To ensure uniformity of action between the copper (squeezing) roller
and the driven "grip roller" of one set, the two are connected by means
of a shaft and gear, the same surface speed as that of the driven "grip
roller" is communicated therefrom by gear wheels to the leading roller
of the other set or sets of "grip rollers," which in like manner deliver a
sized and dried warp to another weaver's beam to be thereby "taken
up."
The weaver's beams are caused to rotate by means of adjustable friction
discs, the driving power of the friction discs shafts being gear wheels,
an intermediate wheel connecting the two and so transmits motion from
one to the other.
To facilitate removal of the weaver's beam when filled with yarn, I
employ a sling or slings suspended from a cross beam or other con-
venient support, the ends of the sling form hooks or clips which are

page_text: passed under or around the "ruffle" or neck of the beam, which on
being detached from the machine swings clear thereof. The said slings
are adjustable so as to take out either top or lower beam with equal
facility.
To each of the conducting rollers over which the yarn passes before
the size is "set" to prevent or remove deposit of size on such rollers, I
mount on a shaft a series of scrapers, and impart a reciprocating motion
to the said shaft and scrapers.
I employ in connection with machines for the purpose of sizing two or
more warps at one operation, a double size box and squeezing and guide
rollers. When so sizing warps of varying strengths, counts, or qualities,
and two or more falling or swing rollers are employed, each swing roller
acting on its own sheet of yarn for the purpose of taking up the slack
yarn of the unsized beams when the machine is stopped.
5 SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Bullough in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 8th May 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BULLOUGH, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, send
) greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Bullough, Her special licence
that I, the said John Bullough, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said John Bullough, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR SIZING AND BEAMING YARN," upon the condition (amongst

page_text: others) that I, the said John Bullough, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Bullough, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement and accompanying Sheets of Drawings, that is
to say:
Machines for such purposes are of necessity of large dimensions,
because after the yarn leaves the size box it must be dryed before being
wound on the weaver's beam, the drying being performed by the yarn
over a series of cylinders or pipes heated by steam or hot air. These not
only occupy a considerable space but heat largely in excess of that
absorbed by the sized yarn is necessary.
With the view of economizing space, utilizing the heat and driving
power, various attempts have been made to so construct and actuate a
machine as to size two or more warps at one operation, such attempts
have heretofore failed, and principally or wholly for want of uniformity
of tension on the warps mainly caused by the variation of speed of the
weaver's beams. To remedy these defects and accomplish these objects
together with other improvements of such machinery (herein-after
described), I so construct and actuate the machine that the yarn com-
posing each separate warp shall be delivered to its beam without, and
wholly independant of the beam exerting any tension or drag on the
yarn further than that occasioned by the mere winding on the yarn as
and when so delivered to the beam, the two or more weaver's beams
being arranged and operated as herein-after described.
Beams of yarn to be sized are in sufficient number to form two
complete warps arranged on ordinary framework, the warps are con-
ducted to and through the size and squeezing rollers. The warps are
then separated and each passes over its conducting and guiding rollers,
and over the drying cylinders or pipes until nearing the weaver's beam,
whereon each warp is caused to pass over and between or partially

page_text: around and between two or more "grip rollers." These rollers perform
the actual work of drawing the yarn over the conducting or guide rollers
and the drying cylinders or pipes, and deliver it sized and dried to the
weaver's beams, the latter having simply to "take up."
To ensure uniformity of action between the copper (squeezing) rollers
and the driven "grip rollers" of one set, the two are connected by means
of a shaft and gear, the same surface speed as that of the driven "grip
rollers" is communicated therefrom by gear wheels to the leading roller
of the set or sets of "grip rollers," which in like manner deliver a
dried and sized warp to another weaver's beam to be thereby taken
up.
The weaver's beams are caused to rotate by means of adjustable friction
discs, the driving power of the friction discs shaft being gear wheels, an
intermediate wheel connecting the two, and so transmits motion from
one to the other.
To facilitate removal of the weaver's beam when filled with yarn I
employ a sling or slings suspended from a cross beam or other con-
venient support, the ends of the sling form hooks or clips which are
passed under or around the "ruffle" or neck of the beam, which on
being detached from the machine swings clear thereof, the said slings
are adjustable so as to take out either top or lower beam with equal
facility.
I employ in connection with machines for the purpose of sizing two
warps at one operation, a double size box, and squeezing and guide rollers.
When so sizing, warps and two falling or swing rollers are employed, each
swing roller acting on its own sheet of yarn of the unsized beams when
the machine is stopped.
Such being the nature and object of this Invention I will proceed to
describe the same in detail, and in order that the same may be fully
understood I have hereunto annexed two Sheets of Drawings illustrative
of the same, and have marked the several figures or views with figures
or letters of reference.
Beams A of yarn to be sized in sufficient number to form two
complete warps are arranged on the framework B; the yarn E is guided
by rollers E¹ to and through the size in the size boxes F, F¹, and between
the squeezing and delivery rollers G, G. The yarn is conducted as

page_text: shewn by arrows over the conducting and guiding rollers E¹, and over
the drying cylinders J, J', until reaching the roller J³, where it separates,
forming two sheets or warps passing forward to over and between or
partially around and between the two "grip rollers" K, K¹; these rollers
perform the actual work of drawing the yarn over the several conducting
and guide rollers E, and the drying cylinders J, J¹, and deliver it sized
and dryed to the weaver's beams M, the latter having simply to "take
up."
To ensure uniformity of action between the copper squeezing rollers G
and the driven draw or grip roller K of one set, the two are connected
by means of the shaft L, and gear I, L', the same surface speed as that
of the driven grip roller K is communicated therefrom by gear wheels
L', L³, (shewn by dotted circles) to the leading or bottom roller of the
second set of grip rollers K³, K³, which in like manner deliver a sized
and dryed warp to the weaver's beam N to be thereby "taken up." The
weaver's beams are caused to rotate by means of the adjustable friction
discs P (see Fig. 2), the driving power of the friction discs shaft P¹,
being the gear wheels R, R³, and intermediate wheel R² connecting the
two, and so transmitting motion from one to the other.
To facilitate removal of the weaver's beams when filled with yarn I
employ a sling or slings S suspended from a cross beam S¹ or other con-
venient support, the ends of the slings S forming hooks or clips S
which are passed under or around the "ruffle" or neck of the beam as
shewn, which beams on being detached from the machine swings clear
thereof, the said slings are adjustable so as to take out either top or lower
beam with equal facility.
I employ as shewn a double size box and two falling or swing rollers
W, W, each of the latter acting on its own sheet of yarn so as to take
up the slack yarn of the unsized beams when the machine is stopped.
The size is boiled in the centre compartment shewn by dotted lines; the
size boxes proper being in communication with the central compartment
by means of passages or openings in the ends of the size boxes.
Having thus fully described the nature and particulars of this my
Invention, together with the manner in which the same is to be or may
be performed or carried into practical effect, I would have it distinctly
understood that I make no claim to the constructing a double sizing
machine, nor do I claim any of the parts separately, but what I do claim

page_text: as my Invention is, the combination and arrangement of mechanism as
and for the purpose herein fully described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Bullough, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Seventh day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
JOHN BULLOUGH. (L.S.)
Witness,
WALTER BRIERLEY,
Tasker & Brierley,
Patent Agents,
Halifax & Blackburn.