Improvements in Mechanism for Raising, Lowering, Balancing, and Retaining in Position the Sashes of Windows and in Means for Locking and Securing the same.
Year: 1893

page_text: The decision of the Comptroller-General, of the 13th day of December 1894, allowed,
under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883, an Amendment of this
Specification.
Date of Application, 19th July, 1893-Accepted, 9th Sept.,
1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED).
Improvements in Mechanism for Raising, Lowering, Balancing, and
Retaining in Position the Sashes of Windows, and in Means for
Locking and Securing the same.
I PHILIP DAW of 14, Louisa Street, Parade Birmingham in the County of
Warwick, Draughtsman do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the drawings
hereunto annexed and to the several figures and letters shown thereon:-
My invention relates firstly to an improved construction and arrangement
whereby the sashes of windows of all kinds can be raised lowered or maintained
in an open or closed position as required, the sashes being evenly balanced when
open.
The second part of my invention relates to a means for locking and securing the
said sashes when closed.
In the accompanying drawings in which similar letters of reference relate to
similar parts
Figure 1. is a sectional elevation of one side of a window frame and sashes
showing my improvements.
Figure 2. is a horizontal section of same.
Figure 3. Sheet 2 is an elevation of a window sash and frame showing my
improvements.
Figure 4. is an elevation showing the lower sash inverted for cleaning purposes
and the position the parts will assume.
For the purpose of illustration I have shown (in Figures 1 and 2) my improve-
ments as connected to one side of the window though as described, the arrangement
of pulley wheel and chain will obviously be upon each side thereof.
will now proceed to describe the first part of my invention.
Attached to the inside framing A of the window (one on each side) is a pulley
wheel B working on a spindle B¹ which is mounted upon plates C and secured in
any suitable manner to the frame A, the said pulley wheel B is situated by
preference at about a level with the meeting bars D D¹ of the sashes though they
may be placed higher up or lower down as desired, and it may be hollowed out on
their the face or faces if preferred.
Passing over the pulley wheels B are chains F connected to the lower sash at
the bottom bar as at G and to the upper sash at its lower part as at H by
screws G¹, H', or other suitable means.
The stiles of the sash E are slotted out as at 1 and J. for the pulley wheels B.
and chains F to work in and in order to allow the sashes passing freely when they
are being raised or lowered, these pulley wheels and chains being completely
hidden from sight when the sashes are in place.

page_text: My invention further consists in the manner of cutting through the beads on
each side of the window near to the top and bottom as shown. at L. L' and pivotting
the same as at L, this allows of the lower sash E being taken from the frame and
inverted for cleaning as shown in Figure 4. When required to withdraw the lower
sash for this or any other purpose by slightly drawing out the side retaining beads
from the V grooves at L they are then released at their lower ends and can be
turned up on their pivots L' the lower sash having been raised as required to come
opposite the opening of the cut out beads, can then be drawn forward from the
frame and taken out and inverted being suspended by the chains, thus both sashes
can be readily accessible.
The bottom of the sash rail E' is made deep in order to allow the window sash
to be raised for ventilation at the meeting bars without admitting draught through
the lower sash and frame.
As an alternative method I may arrange the pulleys so that a double balance is
obtained for the sashes by fixing the said pulley wheels the one above the other or
other convenient position upon the window frame. A chain or sash line passes
over & between these pulleys & is attached to the upper & lower sashes and works
in connection with the same thus giving a double balancing action.
As a further alternative method for the pulley wheels and balancing arrangement,
I may entirely dispense with the chains or sash line and construct the pulley wheels
which are attached to the window frame with a series of round pegs or projections
upon the periphery of the said wheels in such a manner that in action the pegs
shall engage with holes in an angle plate upon the sashes made to receive them.
The sashes can thus readily-be raised and lowered and will be balanced evenly.
Referring to the second part of my invention
Figure 5. Sheet 1. is an elevation showing the locking arrangement.
Figure 6. a horizontal section of same showing the bolt and knob.
The lower sash E is grooved preferably on the right side (or may be on each
side) to receive a locking plate M which lies flush with the stile and being screwed
thereon. This locking plate is hidden by the movable bead when in position.
Upon the face N of the sash frame A is a knob O having a screw neck O' in
connection with and screwing into a bolt P. Fig. 6 which is cranked at right angles
as shown and which locks into the locking plate M. Q. is a horizontal slot in the
frame A. and plate R which allows of the screw and knob being moved laterally,
thus working the cranked bolt P and locking or unlocking it in the locking
plate M.
A plate or disc of metal S. intervenes between the neck of the knob O. aud
slotted plate R. so that when required to lock the bolt P. into the locking plate M.
and securely fasten the same, by turning the screw knob O. slightly, the knob
presses against the metal plate or disc S. which in turn is thus caused to impinge
the slotted plate R. on its face and so renders it impossible to disengage the bolt
from the locking plate until the knob is unscrewed and the parts released when the
bolt can be withdrawn.
For window openings having more than one pair of sashes the fastening arrange-
ment will be situated in the intermediate sash frames and the bolts may be made
to slide right or left by means of suitable bolts.
By these my improvements not nearly so much material need be employed in
the construction of the window framing A (hence a saving of cost and labour) by
reason of the fact that all the working parts of my invention may be contained
(for a full size sash) in a space of about one inch for the pulley wheels and chains
to work in. Moreover the pulley wheels and chains themselves can be produced
at far less cost than the method hitherto in use.
Furthermore the action of raising and lowering the sashes can be performed by
the slightest power of lifting the lower sash, as they are evenly balanced, also the
action is noiseless as the chains pass evenly and smoothly over the pulley wheels.
My improvements can be adapted to conservatory lights and such like purposes
with equal effect.

page_text: I do not limit myself to the precise method of carrying my invention into effect
as I may deem it necessary to vary the same without departing from the general
principle of construction of this my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
Firstly. The improved arrangement-and-method of construction for raising,
lowering and balancing window-sashes, consisting of the pulley wheels B. and the
chains F all working in manner and for the purpose-substantially as herein set
forth and described.
Firstly. In sliding window sashes and frames in which the sashes are employed to
balance each other, the arrangement of chain or cord pulleys by which they are concealed
from view and mounted upon the frame at or near the central or closed position of the
meeting bars of the sashes, substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Secondly. The construction and arrangement of window sashes with side grooves, slots
or channels, for permitting the chains or suspending cords and the pulleys for the same
to be concealed from view when the sashes are within their frames, substantially as
hereinbefore described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly. The improved arrangement and method of construction for locking
and securing the window sashes consisting of the locking plate M. the screw and
knob O. O the metal disc S. all connected with the cranked bolt P. the said bolt P.
interlocking with the locking plate and secured in manner and for the purpose
substantially as herein more fully set forth and described.
Thirdly. The improved arrangement and method of construction for raising,
lowering and balancing window sashes described in the alternative methods
substantially as herein set forth.
Fourthly. The general improvements in mechanism or any mero equivalents
thereof for raising, lowering and balancing window sashes, and the means for the
looking and securing of same substantially as herein more fully set forth and
described.
18th day of July A.D. 1893.
EDWARD J. PAYNE & SON,
104, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.