Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 25th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Accepted; 2nd Mar., 1889
I JAMES THOMAS HAMBLIN of 117 Queens Road Tunbridge Wells in the County
of Kent Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
These improvements are applicable to fire places for steam boilers brewers coppers,
bake ovens, drying kilns, tyre heating and other furnaces, heating and drying stoves,
domestic fire places, stoves and coppers and to many other heat producing apparatus
provided with a grate and placed within buildings workshops or rooms. According
to this invention I provide an enclosed ash pit and supply the air thereto by means of
a flue or flues passing thereto from without the buildings and generally under the
In order to regulate the air supply or draught as required I provide dampers,
in some cases of the open or grid construction and arranged to slide horizontally
against a corresponding grid frame.
floor.
In many cases such as boiler fire places I prefer to arrange the grate at about the
level of the floor. For tyre heating and similar furnaces I prefer to arrange the grate
a little below the floor. For bake ovens the air supply flues will generally be carried
up to the usual height and if the fire places are in tiers the flue is carried up by the
side of the fire places and branching off at each tier.
As applied to ordinary domestic fire places the air supply flue is carried in from
without to a closed chamber the top of which is formed by the grate so that the air
issues up between the bars of same, and I continue the back of the fire place at a short
distance above the bottom of the fire place in a sloping forward direction the rising
flame thus being compelled to strike against this part which should be lined with fire
brick and then in a backwardly sloping direction up into the usual flue. The front
plate of the fire place is continued down to about the point where the two slopes meet
leaving a rather narrow throat between. The front plate or this part of it may be
removable for facility of sweeping. To shut up the fire place when not in use I may
provide a sheet iron or other curtain behind the front plate and which can be dropped
down in front of the fire.
When the invention is applied to a kitchener I arrange the furnace bars about level
with the kitchen floor and the enclosed air supply chamber below the said bars and

page_text: provide a plate warming or similar chamber on each side of the fire place.
The plate
with holes for rings and covers is arranged above the fire in the usual manner and the
bake oven on one side and the hot water boiler or an oven on the other side the fluo
for say a bake oven passing off under it turning up along the outer side and over the
top thereof, and with a branch blind flue or chamber along the inner side of the said
oven while the flue for say the boiler on the outer side goes off below the boiler, up
along the outer side and over the top and then down along the back of it. Dampers
are provided for regulating the heat as required.
The grate will in general be made with narrower air spaces and with larger area of
grate than usual the fuel being spread in a thinner layer. The furnace bars are made
triangular in section and of the same section throughout. They rest in bearing bars
having corresponding triangular notches affording a good bearing while the air is
admitted freely. The bars if made of wrought iron can be rolled of the required
section.
By this invention I effect a substantial economy in the consumption of fuel and can
burn it with less waste or clinkers. Also especially as regards domestic fire places and
stoves I do away with the usual injurious draughts from doors and windows and obtain
a more even and a higher general temperature in the room, while doing away
in many
cases with smoke any noxious vapours under the floor are also thus carried into the
fire.
The invention is in many cases applicable to existing fire places.

page_text: I, JAMES THOMAS HAMBLIN of 117 Queen's Road Tunbridge Wells in the County
of Kent Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
These improvements are applicable to open grates or what are usually termed
domestic fire places, provided with a grate and placed within buildings workshops or
rooms. According to this invention I provide an enclosed. ashpit and supply the air
thereto by means of a flue or flues passing thereto from. without the building and
generally under the floor. In order to regulate the air supply or draught as required
I provide dampers, in some cases of the open or grid construction and arranged to
slide horizontally against a corresponding grid frame...
.
As applied to ordinary domestic fire places the air supply flue is carried in from
without to a closed chamber the top of which is formed by the grate so that the air
issues up between the bars of same, and I continue the back of the fireplace
at a short distance above the bottom of the fireplace in a sloping forward
direction the rising flame thus being compelled to strike against this part
which should be lined with firebrick, and then in a backwardly sloping direction up
into the usual flue. The front plate of the fireplace is continued down to about the
point where the two slopes meet leaving a rather narrow throat between. The front
plate or this part of it may be removable for facility of sweeping.
In the accompanying drawings I have shown a domestic firegrate constructed
according to my invention and also such parts of the building that relate to the air
supply therefor and whereby any noxious vapours or foul air under the floor are
carried into the fire. Figure 1 is a front view, figure 2 a vertical section, figure 3 a
plan section on line A A, and figure 4 à plan section on line B B. Figure 5 is a plan
view of the ashpan. Figure 6 is a vertical section through part of a building to
illustrate one mode of supplying the air to my fireplace and figure 7 a section showing
the form of flue which I prefer to use in connection with my fireplace.
The air supply is carried from without or from any suitable part of the house in any
suitable manner to a closed chamber A the top of which is formed by the grating B so
that the air issues up between the bars of same. The bars are by preference made
triangular or V shaped in section and of the same-section throughout. I prefer to
cast them in one piece and to rest this piece in a rebate C¹formed on the inside
of the body C. The latter is at the back and the two sides formed to receive
firebrick slabs which are carried up parallel or nearly so at the sides but at the
back as shown at D is carried up vertically or nearly so a short distance say at
least 15 inches above the grating and then continued in a sloping forward direction
as shown at D', the rising flame thus being compelled to strike against this fire-
brick lined part and then in a backwardly sloping direction along the part E
which may be a removable iron plate np into the usual flue F. I prefer to make

page_text: the latter as shown in figure 7 that is to say having the firebrick lined sides F¹
continued up so far as to give a gradually decreasing width without a sudden
enlargement which would produce spaces for cold damp air and accumulation of
soot, and also cause smoke in case of sluggish draught. The front plate G of the
fireplace is continued down as shown at G¹ a few inches below the throat G2
which is rather narrow. The part G of the front plate G may be removable for
facility of sweeping. H is a register of usual form and which is removable with
the plate G. The bars I in front of the grate are by preference hooked onto the
two sides of the "interior "K which cover the fire brick linings at the sides of the fire
place. G is the usual ornamental front which may be tiled if desired and as here
shown.
The body has on each side a number of vertical slits provided with dampers M of
corresponding grid form, for admitting as required the air to the enlosed ash. pit or
chamber A under the grating B; these dampers have knobs or handles M¹ for operating
them from the front of the fire place. The front of the chamber A may also be made
grid shaped and have a grid damper. N for admitting air from the room if desired.
The ash pan O is shallower than the ash pit and also narrower so as not to interfere
with the air admission to the chamber, A.
The air is admitted to the chamber A from chambers X between the grate body and
the usual recess in the brickwork the dampers M regulating the amount as required.
The chambers X are supplied from a corridor or hall outside the room or from outside
the building. In the latter case such air admission may suitably be effected as shown
in figure 6 by means of air bricks either on each floor or by air bricks L in the base-
ment only, and suitable passage communicating therewith and with the upper parts of
the house, whereby I am enabled to carry into the chamber A and thence into the fire
any noxious vapours that may form under the floors. I make use of battens P with
wood plugs P driven into the walls all covered with the usual laths and plaster and
thus form spaces for the air to rise up from one storey to the other and to flow freely
over the whole of the ceiling space where I employ similar battens P under the joists Q
supporting them at the end next the chimney breast for instance by iron cross bars R
the flanged ends of which are nailed to the joists and by bolts S between them.
air from between the joists Q.and the battens P would rise up into the passage T and
thence into two chambers U one on each side of the fire place and rising into the
space X and thence entering the chamber A by the dampers M. V is a tiled fender
in front of the fire place.
The
Sometimes I take the air supply from the cellar itself up between the walls behind
the battens or by special dúcts. In some cases I take the air from the upper part of
the room fitted with my fire place, so that the foul air is carried down behind the
battens or by special duct or ducts to the chamber X.
The invention is in many cases applicable to existing fire places.
By my invention I effect a substantial economy in the consumption of fuel and can
burn it with less waste or clinkers. 1 can use hard anthracite coals also hard steam.
coal also hard cokes alone. By admitting the air or the greater part of same from a
source outside the room I do away with the usual injurious draughts from doors and
windows, and obtain a more even and a higher general temperature in the room while
doing away in many cases with smoke, soot and consequent frequent necessity for
sweeping. By having a free circulation of air under the floors of each storey of the
house I prevent accumulation of sewage gas or other unpleasant or injurious gases or
vapours or damp air and fungus growth.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First. In a domestic fire place, the upright firebrick back D in combination with the
slanting firebrick back D¹ and the removable plate G and plate E so as to form a
throat G² the parts being arranged relatively to the grate substantially as described
and shown.

page_text: Second. In a domestic fireplace the enclosed ashpit or chamber A under the
grating B the said chamber having lateral grids or openings with suitable dampers for
adjusting the admission of air to the chamber A from a chamber X which is supplied
from some part of the building or from outside the building substantially as
forth.
Third. The means for supplying air to the chamber X substantially as described and
shown.
Fourth. The construction of domestic fire place as described with reference to the
accompanying drawings.