Improvements in Pneumatic Velocipede and other Wheel Tyres.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Nov., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 17th Aug., 1897-Accepted, 13th Nov., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Velocipede and other Wheel Tyres.
I, JAMES JOSEPH WARRY of 12 Hampden Street, Birkenhead, in the County of
Chester, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be
as follows:-
This Invention has reference to velocipede and other wheel tyres and more
particularly to that kind of tyro in which a single tube or casing is employed,
and adapted to contain and hold the air.
According to this Invention, the tube or casing in which the air is contained
is made of india-rubber and textile material, or of material of any known kind
suitable for the purpose. The edges of this casing or tube are hollow and filled
with air, and lie within the rim; and are so adapted therein that they will pross
against each other; and when the pressure within the casing is raised, in the
action of inflating it, these tubular air filled edges would be further pressed one
against the other, and they will make an air tight joint at this part. In some
cases, I may provide in addition, a thin rubber flap which reaches from the one
edgo on to and overlaps the other, so that the pressure of air, when the tyre is
inflated, presses the flap down upon the edge.
In some cases, the tubular edges communicate with the interior of the tyre,
and are inflated with the inflation of the main tube, in which case they are so
arranged within internally channeled or grooved rim that the pressure of air
within the tyre does not tend to collapse the tubular edges, or prevent them
from acting one upon the other, but causes the pressure within them to press the
two firmly together and make the joint as described. And these edges moreover,
in such a case, may be connected at their abutting forces by holes or nipples. In
such a case, the whole tyre would be inflated by a single valve, communication
between the tubes and the interior being by apertures, and these apertures are
80 made, according to one construction, (the inflating valve being connected to
one of the tubes) that the pressure in the edges will become greater than that in
the interior during the inflation by restricting the opening from same into it, so
that the inwardly turned channelled rim would grip and hold the tubular edges
by the superior pressure in them.
According to a modified construction, the tubular edges would be filled with air,
say at or a little above atmospheric pressure, aud sealed, so that no air can get
out or in; whilst the tyre itself will be provided with a valve for inflating and
deflating.
In one arrangement, I use in connection with the air filled edges, other tubes
outside them, by which the tyre or case is held in the rim, so that the tyre will
have four tubes, those used for fastening it in the rim being inflated with air,
whilst the tubular edges are distinct from them, but connected closely to them,
or by a narrow strip. The air in such a case will press the tubular edges onto
the bottom of the rim and cause them to press onto one another at the meeting
edges.

page_text: In lieu of the tubular fastenings, just described, of the tyres, stiffening media
such as wires, or cords of any suitable kind, may be inserted in or attached to the
casing or tyre, at parts on each side which come within the rim, to prevent its
being expanded outwards by pressure of air. Or, in some cuses, any other suitable
known form of fastening may be used in connection with the air filled sealing
eilges.
According to a further feature, in tyres employing tubes at the edges for the
purposes referred to, these edges are so made that when in the rim they will be
extended, that is under stretch or tension, and so adapted, or the rim so formed,
that by this tension the two tubular edges are pressed one upon the other. This
may be readily effected by making the part of the rim on which they rest, of
opposite inclinations, or by making a recess or groove of slightly under the normal
size or width of the two edges, or by a continuation of these provisions, or by
equivalent means.
The improvements hereunder may be employed singly or in different modifien-
tions and in connection with the improvements set forth in connection with my
inventions covered under Patent No. 6721 of 1895 and Applications for Patent
No. 19909 of 1895.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15 Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.
Improvements in Pneumatic Velocipede and other wheel Tyres.
1, JAMES JOSEPH WARRY of 12 Hampden Street, Birkenhead, in the County of
Chester, Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention has reference to velocipede and other wheel tyres, and, more
particularly, to that kind of tyre in which a single tube or cusing is employed,
and adapted to contain and hold the air.
According to this Iuveution, the tubo or casing in which the air is contained
is mudo of india-rubber and textile material, or of material of nity known kind,
suitable for the purpose. The edges of this casing or tube are hollow and filled
with air, and lie within the rim; and are so adapted therein that they will press
against each other; and when the pressure within the casing is rai-ed, in the
action of inflating it, these tubular air filled edges will be further pressed one
against the other, and they will make an air tight joint at this part. In some
cases, I may provide, in addition, a thin rubber flap, which reaches from one edge
outo and overlaps the other, so that the pressure of air, when the tyre is inflated,
presses the flap down upon the edge.
The tubular edges communticate with the interior of the tyre, and are inflated
with the inflation of the main tube, in which case they are so arranged within an
internally channelled or grooved rim that the pressure of air within the tyre
does not tend to collapse the tubular edges, or prevent them from acting onte upon
the other, but causes the pressure within them to press the two firmly together,
and make the joint as described. And these edges, moreover, in such a case, may
be connected at their abutting faces by holes or nipples. In such a case, the
whole tyre would be inflated by a single valve, communication betwen the tubes

page_text: and the interior being by apertures, and these apertures are so made, according
to one construction, (the inflating valve being connected to one of the tubes)
that the pressure in' the edges will become greater than that in the interior during
the inflation by restricting the opening from same into it, so that the inwardly
turned channelled rim would grip and hold the tubular edges by the superior
pressure in them.
According to a modified construction, the tubular edges would be filled with air,
say at or a little above atmospheric pressure, and sealed, so that no air can get
out or in, whilst the tyre itself will be provided with a valve for inflating and
deflating.
In one arrangement, I use, in connection with the air filled edges, other tubes
outside them, by which the tyre or case is held in the rim, so that the tyre will
have four tubes, those used for fastening it in the rim being inflated with air,
whilst the tubular edges are distinct from them, but connected closely to them,
or by a narrow strip. The air, in such a case, will press the tubular edges onto
the bottom of the rim, and cause them to press onto one another at the meeting
edges.
In lieu of the tubular fastenings, just described, of the tyres, stiffening media,
such as wires, or cord, of any suitable kind, may be inserted in or attached to the
casing or tyre, at parts on each side which come within the rim, to prevent its
being expanded outwards by pressure of air. Or, in some cases, any other suitable
known form of fastening may be used in connection with the air filled sealing
edges.
According to a further feature, in tyres employing tubes at the edges, for the
purposes referred to, these edges are so made that, when in tho rim, they will be
extended, that is under stretch or tension, and so adapted, or the rim so formed,
that, by this tension, the two tubular edges are pressed one upon the other. This
may be readily effected by making the parts of the rim on which they rest, of
opposite inclinations, or by making a recess or groove of slightly under the normal
sizo or width of the two edges, or by a continuation of theso provisions, or by
equivalent means.
The improvements hereunder may be employed singly or in different modifica-
tions, and in connection with the improvements set forth in connection with my
inventions covered under Patent No. 6721 of 1895 and Patent No. 19909 of 1895.
In the drawings, I shew several modifications or constructions, according to
this invention.
Referring in the first instance to Figure 1, a is the main body or arched portion
of the tyre, b are the side tubes, by which the tyre is held in the rim; is a passage
connecting the interior of the tyre with one of the tubes b, and e is the rim.
The rim e, in this case, consists of a single channel bar, in which the edges of the
flange portion are turned inwards, so that the mouth, so to speak, of the channel
is less in width than the body; and both edges or tubes b fit within the rim, and
abut one upon the other on their inside edges, they being of such a size, and so
arranged, is shewn, that they make an air tight joint there when the tyre is
inflated. The two tubes b communicate with each other by a hole 6' extending
through both of the inner faces, one having a nipple 6 fitting into a corresponding
recess in the other. The passage c is of small size, so as to restrict flow of air into a
as it is forced into b through the valve i, and so that the pressure in the tube b
shall be greater than in a when the tyre is being inflated; while, on the other
hand, the passage b is comparatively large, and, therefore the pressure in both
tubes will always be substantially the same. By this construction, the pressure
in the tubes will be greater than in a, and, consequently, these tubes will be
inflated before a, and the holding of the tyre properly in position, during inflation,
is ensured.
In the modification shewn in Figure 2, in addition to the fastening tubes b,
which fit in the turned over edges or channelled flanges of the rim e, there are
tubular edges d, distinct from b, and connected with them by strips . Tho

page_text: edges d are filled with air at the required pressure and closed, and, when in the
rim, abut one upon the other, as shewn, and make an air tight joint; they being
pressed down onto the rim, and the air tightness of the joint assisted, by the air
within a.
These parts d are preferably made of rubber only; while the other
parts will preferably contain caitvas at the parts indicated by the letter h; and at
other parts where it may be deemed necessary. In some cases, as in the instanco
shewn, the rim e is provided with an inclined recess g in the middle; while the
tubes 6 are, in circumference, less than the circumference of the rim; and are,
therefore, under stretch or tension when placed in it; and by the incline sides
of the recess g, and the tension of the edges d, these edges will be pressed auto-
matically one upon the other, and so assisted in making un air tight joint.
In the modification shewn in Figure 3, the tyro is made air tight by the flaps d,
which lie one upon the other, and are preferably adhered one to the other by
rubber solution or the like; and wires or cords k are fastened in the body a
circumferentially, while cauvas is carried round the body, and connects the
outer parts of the body a with the flanges d. By this construction, the outward
expansion or extension of the body of the tyre is prevented by the air pressure
within, and, thus, outward pressure on the flaps d, tending to disrupt this joint,
is prevented. In the illustration shewn, the tubular parts or edges where they
fit in the rim, are of rubber only; the inner parts between them, and the interior
of the tyre, consisting only of the canvas a³, which is carried across from the
wires to the flaps d.
With regard to Figure 4, this shews a modification in which the fastening
edges are solid, in lieu of hollow, as in Figure 2; but in other respects it is
similar to the construction set forth with reference to that figure.
In the modification shewn in Figures 5 and 6, the improvements hereinabove
referred to, are shewn combined with the construction of the tyre set forth in the
specification of my former Patent No. 19909 of 1895; namely, in conjunction
with the meeting edges d, there is a flap, one edge of which is fastened by
solution to one edge d, say permanently, while the other part makes an air tight
joint with the other edge d preferably by fastening it thereon, by a temporary,
but air tight, solution joint.
In Figure 5, this flap d is disposed inside the tyre; while, in other cases, in
Figure 6, it is placed on the outside, and secured in a similar manner.
As a modification of this latter construction, the edges d might be solid, and
abut, or lie edge to edge in the rim near the middle of the bottom of the rim ;
while the flap would be secured by solution, as described, outside it or them,
and make the air tight joint. This flap, in some cases, will be made of rubber
and canvas, the canvas being on the outside of the flap, and rubber at the joint side.
In the case of this lap being applied to a tyre where the edges are solid, as in
Figure 4, and in my said former Patent, these edges would, as just above described,
not overlap, but would lie closely together, edge to edge, and the flap arranged
and secured on the outside.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what mauner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A pneumatic lyre consisting of a single inflation case or tube, having fast-
ening tubes b on the lower outside edges of the same which abut one upon the
other in the rim e, and communicating with the interior a, and with each other,
substantially as described, by which the pressure in the tubes 6 is greater than
that in a during inflation, and all are inflated together as described.
2. A pneumatic tyre consisting of a single inflation case or tube, having wires k
arranged in the tyre, and adapted to prevent strain, due to central air pressure,
coming upon the cemented or sealed joint at the edges of the tyre; substantially
as described.
3. In a pneumatic tyre consisting of a single inflation case or tube, edges b

page_text: fitting in the rim, and wires outside same; arranged and operating substantially
as set forth.
4. A pneumatic tyre consisting of a single inflation case or tube, having tubular
edges d fitting or resting in the rim under tension, and making a joint one with
the other, and abutting and being pressed one against the other, by the pressure
of air in the tyre; substantially as set forth.
5. A pneumatic tyre consisting of a single inflation case or tube, having tubular
edges d'adapted to abut one against the other in the rim, and being under stretch
or tension therein; substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
6. In a pneumatic tyre of the kind referred to in Claim 4, the combination of
fastening edges fitting in grooves or channels in the rim, and tubular edges d
abutting one against the other; substantially as set forth.
7. The tyres having parts arranged and adapted to operate as set forth with
reference to and shewn in the different figures of the drawings.
Dated this 16th dox of Ancnot 100%
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
16 Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.