IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER FROM A MATERIAL NOT HITHERTO SO EMPLOYED
Year: 1839

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
MAC GAURAN, of Golden Terrace, Pentonville, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day of August, in the third year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,, tho
said Thomas Mac Gauran, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Thomas Mac Gauran, my exors, adñiors, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Thomas Mac Gauran, my exors, adññors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein. expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of
Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF PAPER FROM A MATERIAL NOT HITHERTO SO EMPLOYED," communicated to me
by a certain Foreigner residing abroad; in which said Letters Patent is con-
tained a proviso that I, the said Thomas Mac Gauran, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of the said Invention, and in what. manner the same
is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Thomas Mac Gauran, do hereby declare that the nature of the Invention
communicated to me is fully described and ascertained in and by the following
description thereof (that is to say):-
The Invention consists in manufacturing paper from the hop bine, which

page_text: may be used as a substitute for the pulp of linen or other rags, or it may be
used mixed with linen rags or any other suitable material, if desired.
I will now describe the mode of preparing the bine, in order to render it
suitable for the manufacture of fine paper. I take the bine, after the hops are
removed, and after bruising the stalk by passing it through rollers, or by any of
the ordinary means (used for bruising hemp and other fibrous plants), and cut
it into small pieces of one or two inches long; I then place these pieces to soak
in rain or river water, where they should be allowed to remain immersed in
water for about twenty-four hours; they are then to be well washed without
breaking the pieces (in the ordinary washing engine, that being well known
to paper makers, I have not thought it necessary to describe it), this washing
should continue until the water passes away perfectly clear; during this part
of the process the roller should not touch the plate. When it is well washed
I stop the water from passing through, and let down the roller on to the plate,
and beat the bine until no splints or white chips appear; it is then to be taken
to a press and to be subjected to pressure until nearly dry; it is then to be put
into a cistern, which I prefer should be of stone or lead, containing chloride of
lime, and I use is about ten pounds of chloride of lime to one hundred pounds
of bine, in which it should be immersed for twenty-four hours, it is afterwards
cleansed from the chloride of lime by a stream of water passing through the
cistern. It is then to be subjected to the operation of an ordinary beating
engine; the rougher the surfaces of the blade and plate of such engine is, the
better; it is then triturated and beaten into a impalpable pulp. I take this
pulp and submit it to the same process as just described, it will then be in a
fit state to be manufactured into fine paper.
In making coarse paper the process is the same as above described, with
the omission of that part of it which applies to the reducing it to an impal-
pable pulp, that not being necessary. The paper may be bleached by any of
the ordinary well-known means.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would remark that I do not confine myself to the mode
herein described of preparing the bine, though I believe it to be the best for
the purpose. But what I claim as this Invention communicated to me, is the
manufacturing paper from the hop bine, either by itself, as a substitute for
linen or other rags, or it may be mixed with them, or other suitable material,
for the purpose of making paper.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Mac Gauran. have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty.
THOMAS MAC GAURAN. (L.B.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-sixth day of February,
in the year of our Lord 1840, the aforesaid Thomas Mac Gauran came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-sixth day of February,
in the year of our Lord 1840, the aforesaid Thomas Mac Gauran came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-sixth day of February, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty.