AN IMPROVED JOINT FOR WATER GAS AND OTHER SIMILAR PIPES
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM HASSALL of Beeston in the County of Notts Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of my Invention for "AN IMPROVED JOINT FOR WATER GAS AND
OTHER SIMILAR PIPES," to be as follows:-
-
My Invention consists in an improved method of making the joint between two
lengths of pipe which may be made of earthenware, concrete, metal, or any other
suitable material either round square or of any other suitable section and to be
employed for containing electric wires also conducting sewage, gas, compressed air
or other liquids or fluids. One end of the pipe is provided with a socket of an
extra depth at the extreme inner end of which the body of the pipe is made with
a shoulder and at the inner end and adjoining the shoulder a ring of composition
or other suitable material is cast in from a mould the face of which is perfectly
cylindrical a ring of composition or other suitable material is also cast in the
mouth of the socket from a mould which is perfectly cylindrical, between these two
rings there is an annular space or groove in the socket and through the socket into
this annular space or groove an opening is made through which to run in the
filling in material. The spigot end of the pipe which enters the socket is thickened
and made perfectly cylindrical by casting two rings of composition or other
suitable material on the same in such positions as will bring them exactly opposite
to the two rings in the socket when the pipes are driven together and which rings
keep the invert of the pipes in true line a portion of the rim at the extreme end of
the spigot is curved to prevent its driving the plastic coment before it into the pipe
when the pipes are being pressed together.
.
A collar is formed near the spigot end at an angle with the body of the pipe
which abuts against the outer end of the socket of the next length of pipe and the
face of which collar is made true by being cast from a mould.
In order to make the joint a band of plastic cement is placed round the socket
on the face of the inner ring that is cast in the socket and a band of plastic cement
is placed round the pipe close to the collar near the spigot end and the spigot end
is then inserted into the socket of the adjoining length of pipe until the spigot abuts
against the inner shoulder of the socket. The two bands of plastic cement will
thus be compressed thereby closing the joint between the two pipes but leaving an
annular space or groove between the inside of the socket of one pipe and the
"

page_text: outside of the spigot end of the other pipe which annular space is filled through the
opening in the socket before. named with liquid or semi-liquid cement or other
suitable material which when set unites the pipes firmly together and makes the
connection airtight and watertight.
To ensure the whole of the annular space between the spigot and socket being
properly filled the opening in the socket through which the material for filling in
is run is divided by placing plastic cement or other suitable composition across it
which. partition compels the material used for filling in to run round the pipe in
one direction only thus driving out through the other opening all the air and any
water or other fluid that might be enclosed in the annular space when the pipes
are pressed together in the trench. By continuing to pour in the filling in material
through one opening until it has run round the annular space between the socket
and spigot and filled the same and then comes out through the other opening a
perfectly sound joint is ensured. Each joint is tested by pouring in the filling in
matèrial in the manner described.
}
I, WILLIAM HASSALL of Meadow Lane, Beeston, in the County of 20
Nottinghamshire, Agent do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "AN
IMPROVED JOINT FOR WATER GAS AND OTHER SIMILAR PIPES," and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My Invention consists in an improved method of making the joint between two 2
lengths of pipe which may be made of earthenware, concrete, metal, or any other.
suitable material, either round, square, or of any other suitable section and be
employed for containing electric wires, also conducting water, sewage, gas,
compressed air, or other liquids or fluids..
The accompanying Sheet of Drawings illustrates three methods of carrying out 3
'my Invention and represents sections through halves of pipes, Figures 1, 2, and 3,
and Fig. 4 a plan of the filling-in hole of Fig. 1, the pipe round it being shewn -
broken away.
Referring to Fig. 1-one end of the pipe A is provided with a socket B of an
extra depth, at the extreme inner end of which the body of the pipe is made with 3
a shoulder C, and at the inner end and adjoining the shoulder Ca ring D of com-
position or other suitable material is cast in from à mould the face of which is
perfectly cylindrical. A ring E of composition or other suitable material is also
cast in the mouth of the socket from a mould which is perfectly cylindrical,

page_text: Between these two rings there is an annular space or groove F in the socket,
and through the socket into this annular space or groove an opening G is made
through which to run in the filling-in material, such as Portland or like cement.
The spigot end of the pipe A" which enters the socket B is thickened and made
perfectly cylindrical by casting two rings of composition or other suitable
material, H, I, on the same in such positions as brings them exactly opposite to
the two rings, D, E, in the socket when the pipes are driven together, and which
rings keep the invert of the pipes in true line.
A portion of the ring I at the extreme end of the spigot is curved to prevent it.
driving the plastic cement before it into the pipe when the pipes are being pressed
together. A collar J is formed near the spigot end at. an angle with the body of
the pipe A which abuts against the outer end of the socket B of the next length
of pipe A, and the face of which collar is made true by being cast from a mould.
In order to make the joint a band of plastic (such as mastic or like) cement K is
placed round the socket B on the face of the inner ring D that is cast in the socket,
and a band of plastic cement is placed round the pipe A¹ close to the collar J near
the spigot end, and the spigot end is then inserted into the socket B of the
adjoining length of pipe A until the spigot A¹ abuts against the inner shoulder C
of the socket B. The two bands of plastic cement K will thus be compressed,
thereby closing the joint between the two pipes, but leaving an annular space or
groove F between the inside of the socket B of one pipe A and the outside of the
spigot end of the other pipe A¹ which annular space is filled through the opening
in the socket before named with liquid or semi-liquid cement or other suitable
material, which, when set, unites the pipes firmly together and makes the connection
air-tight and water-tight.
To ensure the whole of the annular space F between the spigot and socket being
properly filled the opening G in the socket, through which the material for filling
in is run, is divided by placing plastic cement or other suitable composition across
it, which partition L (shewn clearly in Fig. 4) compels the material used for
filling-in to run round the pipe in one direction only, thus driving out through the
other opening all air and any water or other fluid that might be enclosed in the
annular space when the pipes are pressed together in the trench. By continuing
to pour in the filling-in material through one opening as shewn by the arrows in
Fig. 4, until it has run round the annular space between the socket and the spigot
and filled the same and then come out through the other opening, as also shewn in
Fig. 4, a perfectly sound joint is ensured.
In Fig. 1 the partition L is shewn partly in section and partly in elevation with
the cement removed to show that it extends right through the socket B. In Fig. 1
the vertical section a-b is taken on line c-d of Fig. 4.
Each joint is tested by the act of pouring in the filling-in material in the manner
described.
Fig. 4 shows the hole both round and oblong,
Fig. 2 shows another method of jointing the pipe when the joint is not required
to be so elaborate as in Fig. 1. In this the collar J is omitted from the spigot end
of the pipe, also the annular space is omitted in the rings D, E, H, I, which are
made short and the mastic or like cement K is placed on them as before and the
other cement F1 (such, for instance, as Portland cement) is run round to close the
mouth of the socket.
Fig. 3 shows a still simpler method when the pipe joint has not to stand much
strain or pressure. It is similar to the last except that the cement F¹ for closing
the mouth of the socket is dispensed with and the rings D, E, H, I, extend to the
mouth of the socket, the mastic or like cement alone making the joint.
It will be seen that the mere details of the Invention can be varied to suit the
nature and size of the pipes to be joined together and I do not bind myself to the
exact details shewn.
For metal pipes the rings may be respectively bored and turned in the lathe to
ensure accuracy.

page_text: For other pipes they may be made of earthenware or vitreous composition,
vülcanite or other suitable material, according to the purpose for which the pipe is
required..
If desired; instead of making the rings separate from the pipe they may be
nioulded and shouldered with the pipe in the mould, as, for instance, in a concrete
pipe, but the mere use of rings cast integral with a pipe does not form part of my
Invention, except the description of rings as shewn in the Drawings accompanying
this Specification and used in combination with mastic or plastic cement for uniting
the same:
Having now described the nature of my said Invention and the manner. of
performing the samé, I claim:
1st In a pipe joint, the use of rings or collars made independently of the body of
the pipe and fitted or cast on the spigot and socket ends from a mould to ensure
correct fitting, the said rings or collars being united by suitable cement or
composition as described.
2nd Forming the ring or collar fitting one pipe with a bevelled, curved, or sloping
ênd, so as to prevent the plastic cement being driven into the pipes when fitting
the same together as described:
3rd The lining H on the face of the collar on the spigot end of the pipe cast
from a mould to ensure the correct fitting of the pipes as described and shewn in
Fig. 1..
4th In pipe joint, the partition L in the annular groove or channel F placed
centrally between the joints at the ends of the rings or collars (as shewn in Fig. 1)
so as to allow the filling-in cement or composition to run in one direction round
the joint as, and for the purposes, described.
i