IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMPOSITION OF COLORS FOR PRINTING AND DYEING, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF SUCH COLORS
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Louis Jacques Martin at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho
5th January 1855.
I, LOUIS JACQUES MARTIN, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
COMPOSITION OF COLORS FOR PRINTING AND DYEING, AND IN THE APPLICATION OF SUCH
COLORS," to be as follows:--
11.
-1
..
This Invention relates to the preparation & application of "fast colors", of
various tints for printing and dyeing purposes, and consists in the employment
of acetate of iron (if a black is wanted), weakened down to four degrees of
strength, Baume, and used in the following manner and in the following
proportions Equal quantities of dilute acetate of iron and decoction of log-
wood of 10 degrees of strength. Both these ingredients must be mixed
together in a cold state, and then placed on a slow fire for about a quarter of
an hour; after the mixture has been heated, and whilst still in a heated state,
1 part of the brightening mixtures.No. 1, and 1.part of the-brightening mixture

page_text: No. 2, herein-after described, is added to every 30 parts of this mixture; a few
drops of nitrate of copper are also added. For the production of a violet fast
color, equal portions of acetate of iron of two degrees of strength, and of
decoction or extract of logwood of ten degrees of strength, or any other red
dye wood of similar strength, are mixed together, and placed on a slow fire
for a quarter of an hour. To twenty parts of this mixture, whilst in a warm
state, are added 1 part of the brightening mixture No. 1, one part of the
brightening mixture No. 2, and one-half part of nitrate of copper.
When a
redder hue is desired, cochineal may be added to the above-mentioned decoction
of logwood, and the whole heated over a slow fire for about an hour.
The brightening mixture No. 1 is composed of equal weights of nitric acid
and proto-chloride, or salts of tin, the latter being dissolved in the nitric acid
whilst the acid is in a cold state. The brightening mixture No. 2 is composed
of equal weights of muriatic acid and proto-chloride, or salts of tin, the latter
being dissolved in the acid. For the production of a red tint, two pounds of
good madder wood and two pounds of cochineal are macerrated for about twelve
hours in one quart of acetic acid; to this two pounds of muriate of tin are
added; the whole being placed in a water bath, and subjected to the action of
a slow fire for about twelve hours. The muriate of tin extracts all the coloring
matter, and produces a deep red, which may be thickened, as required, with
gum, or other suitable thickening material, when it will be ready for use.
I wish it to be distinctly understood that I claim as my Invention for the
production of violet colors or dyes, the application and use of all the solutions
of iron, whether nitrate, acetate, or sulphate; and all the salts of copper,
whether nitrate, sulphate, or acetate, and the proto-chloride and muriate of tin.
These colors need only be thickened with gum, starch, or other suitable
thickening material to render them fit for application on to a white ground,
the colors being allowed to dry in the open air after such application. When
dry, the fabrics are washed in cold water, and then passed through a brightening
mixture, composed of one hundred parts of water and one part of the
brightening mixture No. 2, herein-before described.
It is merely necessary to steep the fabrics in any of these colors to dye them
with a uniform tint. The black, herein-before described, is employed generally.
for printing the outlines of the pattern or design. These fast colors are
applicable to the printing or dying of all descriptions of fabrics; tints of violet,
from the deepest violet to the most delicate lilac, are obtainable by adding more
or less thickening material. The proportions of the chemicals may of course
be varied, but those I have given I have found most suitable in practice.

page_text: .
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Louis Jacques Martin in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 5th July 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, LOUIS
JACQUES MARTIN, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Louis Jacques Martin, Her special license that I, the said Louis
Jacques Martin, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Louis Jacques Martin, my executors, administrators, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE COMPOSITION OF COLORS FOR PRINTING AND DYEING, AND IN THE
APPLICATION OF SUCH COLORS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Louis Jacques Martin, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Louis Jacques Martin, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to the preparation and application of fast colors
for printing and dyeing purposes, and consists in the application and use (if a
black color is wanted) of acetate of iron, weakened down or diluted to four
degrees of strength (Beaumé), and used in the manner herein-after described,
and in the following proportions, namely, equal quantities of dilute acetate
of iron and decoction of logwood of ten degrees of strength. Both these
ingredients must be mixed together in a cold state, and then placed on a slow
fire for about a quarter of an hour. After the mixture has been heated, and
whilst still in a heated state, I add to it one part of the brightening mixture

page_text: No. 1, which is composed of equal weights of nitric acid and proto-chloride, or
salts of tin, the latter being dissolved, in the nitric acid whilst the acid is in a
cold state and one part of, the brightening mixture No. 2 is also added,
composed of equal weights of muriatic acid and proto-chloride, or salts of tin,
the latter being dissolved in the muriatic acid. To every thirty parts of the entire
mixture I add a few drops of nitrate of copper.. For the, production of a violet
fast color, I employ equal portions of acetate of iron of two degrees of strength,
and of decoction, or extract of logwood, or any other red dye wood, of ten
degrees of strength, mixed, together, and placed on a slow fire for about a
quarter of an hour. I then add, to twenty parts of this mixture, while in a
warm state, one part of the brightening mixture No. 1, herein-before described,
one part of the brightening mixture, No. 2, also herein-before described, and
one-half part of nitrate of copper... When a redder hue is desired, cochineal
may be added to the decoction, the whole being heated, over a slow fire for
about an hour. For the production of a red tint, I propose to macerate two
pounds of good, madder, wood and two pounds of cochineal for about twelve
hours in one quart of acetic acid, and to this I add two pounds of muriate of
.tin, the whole being placed in a warm bath, and subjected to the action of a
slow.fire for about twelve hours. The muriate of tin extracts all- the coloring
matter from the madder and cochineal, and produces a deep red. These colors
need only be thickened with gum, starch, or other suitable thickening, material
to render them fit, for application upon a white ground, the colors being, allowed
to dry in the open air after such application. When dry, the fabrics are to be
washed in cold water, and then passed through a brightening mixture, composed
of one hundred parts of water and one part of the brightening mixture No. 2,
herein-before described. In order to dye the fabrics a uniform, tint or color,
it is merely necessary to steep them in any of the colors herein-before
described.
The black which I have herein-before referred to is generally employed, for
printing the outlines of the pattern or design. These fast colors are applicable
to the printing or dyeing of all descriptions of fabrics. Tints of violet, from
the deepest violet to the, most delicate lilac, are obtainable by adding more
.or. less thickening material.
.
I may here observe that I do not confine or restrict myself to the precise
proportions of the chemicals herein-before referred to, as they may of course
be varied slightly without deviating from the principles or main features of
my said Invention; but I have found those proportions which I have given
the most suitable in practice. What I claim as the Invention secured to me

page_text: by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the application and
use of the herein-before mentioned salts of iron, whether nitrate, acetate, or
sulphate; and the herein-before mentioned salts of copper, whether nitrate,
acetate, or sulphate; and also the proto-chloride and muriate of tin; for the
production of black, red, and violet fast colors or dyes, as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Louis Jacques Martin, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Thirtieth day of June, One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-five.
LOUIS JACQUES MARTIN. (L.S.)
LOUIS JACQUES MARTIN. (L.S.)