provements in or connected with Gradual Reduction Machines for Making Flour.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 31st July, 1900-Accepted, 31st Oct., 1900
FRUVIDIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in or connected with Gradual Reduction Machines for
Making Flour.
I, ALFRED RISHWORTH TATTERSALL, of 24, Mark Lane, in the County of
London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
-
This invention relates to improvements on a former invention for which I
obtained Her Majesty's Letters Patent No 16032 dated August 23rd 1894 and
the objects of my present invention are:-
1 To facilitate the handling of the products and adjustment of the various
parts of the apparatus
2. To ensure the feed being evenly distributed over the surface of the reducing
rolls.
3. To make the machine more steady in running than the older machine
4 To make the machine more compact and easier of transport than heretofore.
Now according to this invention I provide two or more pairs of smooth reduc-
tion rollers whereof one roll of each pair 18 supported by suitable bearings
attached to or forming part of the frame of the machine the other roller being
supported by adjustable bearings the pressure between the rollers being regu-
lated by springs the tension or compression of which may be varied by screws
or other suitable means.
The pairs of rollers are placed one above the other so that the material or
stock to be made into flour is fed into the top pair of rolls and after dressing
and sifting is fed between the next highest pair of rolls and after further
dressing and sifting is fed between the third pair of rolls and so on until it 18
reduced to flour of any desired quality.
The dressing apparatus I employ consists of a centrifugal and an inclined
sieve between each pair of 1olls
The beaters of the centrifugal are secured to a shaft which 18 connected to
the shaft of the fixed roll by means of a clutch or coupling so as to rotate there-
with and the reel 18 driven by suitable gearing at the end of the machine
furthest from the rolls.
The material passing through the rolls falls into a worm conveyor which
transports it to the feed end of the reel which is provided with scoops or lifters
which pick up the material and feed it into the reel.
The Hour passing through the reel falls into a trough and is moved forwards
to the discharge end of the reel by means of blades on the outside of the reel
and is delivered down a shoot into a worm convevor at the bottom of the
machine which collects all the flour from the centrifugals and delivers it to
the bagging spout.
The overtails from the reel are delivered on to an inclined sieve conveyor
provided with a silk or wire cover by means of which the stock undergoes
further purification
All the throughs fall on to a feed board or distributor above the next pair of

page_text: rolls while the overtails from the sieve conveyor are rejected as offal and are
delivered through shoots or spouts to the outside of the casing of the machine
The top rolls are fed by means of a roller and adjustable shutter or sluice,
the lower rolls by means of shakers, the stock passing over a distributor con-
Bisting of an inclined board
The frame of the machine is made in two portions easily disconnected from
one another one portion of the frame supporting the rolls and the gearing for
driving the same while the other portion of the frame supports the reels and
gearing for driving the reels and for driving the sieve conveyors thus enabling
the machine to be easily packed and transported
1000
TE HALFORD,
82, Mark Lane, London, EC., Agent for Applicant
Improvements in or connected with Gradual Reduction Machines for
Making Flour,
I, ALFRED RISHWORTH TATTERSALL, of 24, Mark Lane, in the City and County
of London, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements on a former invention for which I
obtained Her Majesty's Letters Patent No 16032 dated August 23rd 1894 and
the objects of my present invention ale.
To facilitate the handling of the products and adjustment of the various
parts of the apparatus
To ensure the feed being evenly distributed over the surface of the reducing
rolls
To make the machines more steady in running than the older machine
To make the machine more compact and easier of transport than heretofore.
Now according to this invention I provide two or more pairs of smooth reduc-
tion rollers whereof one roll of each pair is supported by suitable bearings
attached to or forming pait of the frame of the machine the other 1oller being
supported by adjustable bearings the pressure between the rollers being regu-
lated by springs the tension or compression of which may be varied by screws
or other suitable means
The pairs of rollers are placed one above the other so that the semolina or
stock to be made into flour is fed into the top pair of rolls and after dressing
and sifting is fed between the next highest pair of rolls and after further
dressing and sifting is fed between the third pair of rolls and so on until it is
reduced to flour of any desired quality
The dressing apparatus I employ consists of a centrifugal and an inclined
sieve between each pan of rolls
The beaters of the centrifugal are secured to a shaft which is connected to
the shaft of the fixed roll by means of a clutch or coupling so as to rotate there-
with and the reel is driven by suitable gearing at the end of the machine
furthest from the rolls.
The material passing through the rolls falls into a worm conveyor which
transports it to the feed end of the reel which 18 provided with scoops or lifters
which pick up the material and feed it into the reel.

page_text: The flour passing through the ieel falls into a trough and is moved forward
to the discharge end of the reel by means of blades on the outside of the reel
and is delivered down a shoot into a worm conveyor at the bottom of the
machine which collects all the flour from the centrifugals and delivers it to
the bagging spout
The overtails from the reel are delivered on to an inclined sieve conveyor
provided with a silk or wire cover by means of which the stock undergoes
further purification.
All the throughs from the sieve fall on to a feed board or distributor above
the next pair of rolls while the overtails from the sieve conveyor are rejected
as offal and are delivered through shoots or spouts to the outside of the casing
of the machine.
The top rolls are fed by means of a roller and an adjustable shutter or sluice
and the lower rolls by means of shakers the stock passing over a distributor con-
sisting of an inclined board with or without cross channels before reaching the
shakers.
The frame of the machine is made in two portions easily disconnected from
one another one portion of the frame supporting the rolls and the gearing for
driving the same while the other portion of the frame supports the reels and
the gearing for driving the reels and for driving the sieve conveyors thus
enabling the machine to be easily packed and transported
And in order that my said invention may he fully understood I will proceed
to explain the same with reference to the accompanying sheets of drawings in
which Fig 1 represents a longitudinal section of a gradual reduction machine
for making flour from semolina constructed according to this invention
Fig 2, is section of same at right angles to Fig 1
Fig. 3, 18 section of same through the centrifugals.
Fig. 4, 18 sectional plan of same through the centrifugals
Fig. 5, is sectional plan of same shewing the sieve conveyors.
Fig. 6, 18 end view shewing gear for driving the reela
Figs. 7 and 8 shew mechanism for adjusting the rolls to an enlarged scale
The same letters denote the same parts in all the figs
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, are three pairs of smooth reduction rollers of which the
rollers 1, 3, 5, are secured to shafts 7, 8, 9, which shafts are connected to the
shafts 10, 11, 12, to which the beaters 13 of the centrifugals 14, 15, 16, are
secured by couplings or clutches.
The shafts 7, 8, 9, are supported in suitable plummer blocks 17, which are
secured to the frame of the machine, the rollers 2, 4, 6, being secured to shafts 18
which are carried in adjustable plummer blocks 20, the pressure between the
rollers being regulated by means of the springs 21 and hand wheels 22 as heiein-
after more fully described
The rollers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, are arranged in pairs one above the other as
shewn and the stock to be made into flour is fed into the pair of rolls 1, 2,
then after dressing in the centrifugals 14 and sifting in the inclined sieve
conveyor 23 18 passed between the rolls 3, 4, and after being again di essed
in the centrifugal 15 and sifted in the inclined sieve conveyor 24 is passed
between the rollers 5 and 6 and when finally dressed in the centrifugals 16 18
conveyed by the worm conveyor 25 to the bagging spout All the flour which
passes through the covering of the centrifugals finds its way to the conveyor 25
The rollers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. are of the ordinary smooth chilled iron type and
are fitted with scrapers (not shewn) in the usual way
The pressure between the rollers 18 regulated by the device shewn by Figs 4,7
and 8 in which 20 18 a plummer block supported on the pin 26 and capable of
being partially rotated thereon.
A recess 18 formed in the top of the plummer block 20 to receive the coiled
spring 21
A rod 28 passes through the recess in the plummer block and also through

page_text: the hand-wheel 22 as shewn the said rod having a collar 27 thereon which bears
against the inside of the boss of the hand_wheel 22 and also an adjustable collar
or nut 29 which bears against the spring 21 and which is prevented from turn-
ing in the plummer block 20.
30 18 a washer and 31 a collar screwed or otherwise secured to the rod 28.
By screwing the boss of the hand-wheel into the casting 32 which is bolted
to the frame of the machine the spring 21 is compresed and the rollers are
forced together, by unscrewing the hand-wheels the pressure between the
rollers is reduced Should any hard substance get between 'the rollers the
movable roll moves outward against the pressure of the spring 21 and allows
the said substance to pass through the rolls I may also fit the rolls with a
device as shewn by Figs 4, 7 and 8 for separating the rolls without altering
the screw adjustment.
The castings 32 are secured to the frame of the machine by bolts 90 which
pass through slot holes 91 in the said casting so as to allow the same to move
lengthwise slightly
92 is a shaft oscillating in bearings 93 the said shaft being actuated by a
lever 94 which may be retained in any desired position by means of a quadrant
and spring catch in the usual way.
Secured to the shaft 92 are two excentrics 96 which engage with recesses 97
in the castings 32 so that by the movement of the lever the castings 32 and
the movable roll may be moved outwards and the rolls separated without alter-
ing the adjustment of the springs 21 as the castings 32 movable roll hand-
wheels 22 and rods 28 all move together
By reversing the motion of the lever the rolls are again brought into
contact
The material to be made into flour is fed into the hopper 33 at the bottom
of which is a feed roller 34 and an adjustable shutter or sluice 35
The feed roller is driven by means of a belt 36 from the countershaft 37
which in its turn is driven by the belt 38 from a pulley on the roller shaft 7.
The lower pairs of rolls are fed by means of shakers 40 suspended on links 41
and 42 and oscillated by means of the horizontal cam wheels 43 secured to the
shafts 44 and 45. The middlings from the inclined sieve conveyors pass over
inclined distributing boards before reaching the shakers the said boards being
either plain or provided with diagonal cross channels to ensure an even dis-
tribution of feed on the shakers. The material as it leaves the rollers 1, 2.
falls into a trough 46 at the bottom of which is a worm 47 which conveys the
ground material to the centrifugal 14 which is provided with an annular
mouth 48 and is fitted with scoops or lifters 49 which pick up the said material
and feed it into the reel
The flour passing through the covering of the reel falls into the trough 50
and 18 moved towards the end of the machine opposite to the rollers by means
of blades 51 on the outside of the reel the flour finally falling down the shoot 52
into the conveyor 25 The discharge end of the reel is made with a discharge
orifice 63 and is supported in a suitable bearing by means of the hollow shaft 54
the said shaft being made conical at the end inside the reel and connected with
the latter by means of curved guides which eject the overtails from the reel
and discharge them down the shoot 55 on to the inclined sieve conveyor 23
which separates the offal from the insufficiently reduced stock
The construction and operation of the centrifugals 15 and 16 and worms 68
and 69 18 identical with that of the centrifugal 14 and further description of
them is unnecessary
The sieve conveyors 23 and 24 are identical and the following description
will serve for both.
The inclined sieve conveyors are each constructed in the form of a trough 53
open at the top and closed at the bottom and sides the bottom of the trough
being formed with a series of ratchets 56.

page_text: Across the trough and near the top thereof 18 stretched a sieve of milk wire
or other suitable material 57 by means of which the overtails from the reels
are separated into middlings and offal the middlings passing through the next
lower pair of 1olls and the offal being spouted off to the outside of the machine.
The trough is suspended by means of springs or links 59 and 18 given a long-
tudinal motion by means of the cam or ratchet wheel 60 the trough being
brought back to its original position by gravity or by the action of a spring.
The cam or ratchet wheel 60 is attached to the shaft 61 which is driven from
the shaft 62 by means of the belt 63 and the cam shaft 64 18 driven from the
shaft 61 by means of a belt 65
In order to enable the machine to be easily transported from place to place
the frame of the machine is made in three main portions vaz: the bedplate,
that part of the framing which supports the rollers and their gearing and that
part of the framing which supports the reels and then gearing
The standards hich support the rolls and the standards which support the
reels are bolted to the bedplate and the various standards are tied together by
means of bridge pieces bolted to the standards at the top thereof as shewn
The various portions of the apparatus are driven as follows:-
The upper pair of rollers are driven by means of a belt from any convenient
source the belt pulley being keyed to the axle 7 of the roller 1.
Spur wheels 66 and 67 are keyed to the axles of the rolls said wheels being
so proportioned as to give the requisite difference in the speed of the rolls.
The woim 47 18 driven by means of a spui wheel 88 gearing with a pinion 89
on the axle 7
The other tolls and worms are diven similarly with the exception that the
belt pulley which dives the centre rolls is keyed to the axle of the adjustable
roll
'
The worm 25 is duiven from the worm shaft 70 by means of the spur wheels 71
and 72.
The shaft of the woim 25 also drives the reels by means of the gearing
shewn on the light of Fig 1 The said worm shaft has also secured thereto a
bevil wheel 73 which geais with a bevil wheel 74 which is secured to a cross
shaft 62 from which the shafts 61 and 64 are diven as herein before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim 18:
1 In a gradual reduction machine for making flour, from semolina the com-
bination with one or more pairs of ginding olleis whereof one 1oller of each
pair 18 supported in bearings rigidly secured to the fiame of the machine and
the other roller of each pan is carried in movable plummer blocks, of as many
centrifugal diessing machines having the beater shafts thereof connected direct
to and driven by the shafts of the rollers which are supported in fixed bearings,
as there are pans of ginding 1ollers, and worms or other suitable conveyors
to transport the ground product to the said centrifugals all substantially as
herein before specified and for the purposes stated
2 In a gradual reduction machine for making four from semolina the com-
bination of one or more paus of grinding rollers whereof one roller of each pair
18 supported in bearings igidly secured to the frame of the machine the other
roller of each pair being carried in movable plummer blocks, a suitable device
to regulate the pressure between the rolls, as many centrifugal dressing machines
as there are pans of grinding rollers the beater shafts of the said diessing
machines being connected to the shafts of the 1olleis which are supported in
fixed bearings, worms or other suitable conveyors to transport the material
from the grinding rollers to the said dressing machines, inclined sieve con-
veyors to separate the overtails from the diessing machines into stock and offal
and to transport the stock to the next lower pair of rollers, a spout or spouta

page_text: to convey the offal to the outside of the casing of the machine, a shoot or
shoots to collect the flour from the dressing machines and a conveyor to trans-
port the flour to the bagging spout or spouts all substantially as herein betore
specified.
46
3. In a gradual reduction machine for making flour the combination with
shaker feed" of an inclined distributing board which may or may not be
provided with diagonal cross channels all substantially as specified and for the
purpose stated.
4 In a gradual reduction machine for making flour constructing the frame-
work of the machine in such a manner that the portion of the machine carrying
the grinding machinery may be detached from the portion of the machine carry-
ing the dressing machinery for the purpose stated.
5 The specific combination and arrangements of parts forming my improved
gradual reduction machine for making flour constructed and arranged as shewn
by the accompanying diawings and operating in the manner specified.
Dated this 21st dow of T1 1000
T. E. HALFORD,
Agent for Applicant
T. E. HALFORD,
Agent for Applicant