IMPROVEMENTS IN IAE CARDIACES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Stephen Flexen, of Brazier's Buildings, Farringdon
Street, in the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
IAE CARDIACES"
Sealed the 27th February 1863, and dated the 16th September 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Stephen Flexen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
September 1862.
I, STEPHEN FLEXEN, of Brazier's Buildings, Farringdon Street, in the City
of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists of improvements in the mode of ventilating railway
or other carriages by means of certain mechanism herein-after nientioned. I
propose to attach to the sections or divisions of wire gauze, as at present used
in the doors and windows of carriages, a cord, either of silk or cotton or other
textile material, or of plaited or twisted wire, passing over rollers or pullies
fixed or adjusted in the frame of the door and secured to the rail of the
ventilator. A metallic rod or counterbalance is enclosed in a groove or passage
cut in the solid portion of the framework of the door or window and is sus-
pended to the cord or metallic rope passing over a pulley fixed in the upper
part of the frame. The rod or balance weight being guided by means of an
eye through which it rises and falls and thus allows the sash of the window to
be completely shut. By this arrangement, when the window is opened or
drawn down, the gauze ventilator is simultaneously actuated, thus preventing
an undue or excessive draught of air and at the same time permitting a
sufficient current to effect the required amount of ventilation to the carriage.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Stephen Flexen in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th
March 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, STEPHEN
FLEXEN, of Brazier's Buildings, Farringdon Street, in the City of London,
send greeting.
WHEREAS IIer most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Пer Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of 1er
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Stephen Flexen, Her special licence that I, the said Stephen Flexen,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the said Stephen
Flexen, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
VENTILATING RAILWAY AND OTHER CARRIAGES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Stephen Flexen, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Stephen Flexen, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of improvements in the mode of ventilating railway
and other carriages by means of the following apparatus and mechanism,
which I claim as new and useful. It is an improved combination of lines,
pulleys, rods, weights, and eyes, so fixed in relation to each other that by moving
the windows or lights, shutters, blinds, or otherwise, they then open or close
the ventilator simultaneously or regulate either to any required height or
space, as herein-after described. To the parts, sections, or divisions of wire
gause, in frames or any other material, as at present used in the doors and
windows of carriages, I attach a cord or band, either of silk, flax, cotton, gut,
or any other textile or flexible material, platted, twisted, woven, or not, or any

page_text: kind of chain or wire that may be suitable. This line, band, or chain, passes
over pulleys or rollers fixed or adjusted in the frame of the door and fastened
to the rail or frame of the ventilator. In a groove or passage cut in the solid
portion of the framework of the door or window I enclose a metallic or any
other rod, counterbalance, or weight, fastened or suspended to the aforesaid
cord, band, or chain, which passes from the ventilator over a pulley or roller
fixed in the upper part or head of the frame, or in the side thereof, if made to
work horizontally. This rod or balanco weight is guided by means of an eyo
so placed by which it rises and falls and thus allows the sash, window, or
otherwise, to be completely open or shut, or I use a catch, knot, or the like
contrivance. By this new combination so adjusted, when the sash or window
is opened or drawn down the gause or any other kind of ventilator is simul-
taneously actuated or moved, thus preventing an undue or excessive draught
of air and at the same time permitting a sufficient current to effect the venti-
lation required to railway or any other carriage, vessel, or place. This new
combination is also applicable for other purposes where two or more motions,
opposite or otherwise, are required to work simultaneously as well as for
ventilation, or for stopping or regulating draughts of air, dust, vapours, or
gases of any kind, into or out of any house, vessel, or any kind of place,
moveable or otherwise.
The Drawing exhibits an inside elevation of a carriage door drawn to a
geometrical scale. The ventilator, marked No. 1, is moved or actuated by
means of the pulleys a, a, and a metallic rod or weight B, B, serving as a coun-
balance, the cord C passing over tho pulleys a, the metallic rod B being held
in position by means of an eye d attached to the sash frame so as to allow the
sash of the window to be partly or completely shut or open. The parts of
this Invention which are new and original in combination, as far as regards
the adjustment, shape, and configuration thereof, aro those which are marked
A, B, C, D.
In witness whereof, I, the said Stephen Flexen, have hereunto sot my
hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand nicht hundland and an almos
STEPHEN FLEXEN. (L.S.)