Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Heating and Evaporating Liquids by Means of Steam.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Jan., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 28th Oct., 1898-Accepted, 23rd Dec., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Heating and
Evaporating Liquids by Means of Steam.
We, PERCY FRANCIS CAMERON WILLCON, HENRY WALKER WILLCOX, and
REGINALD JOHN NORMAN WILLCOX, all of 3, The Oaks West, Sunderland, in the
County of Durham, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
-
This invention relates to apparatus for heating and evaporating liquids and
has for its object the provision of means whereby the temperature of the steam
used as a heating medium for the evaporation of water when rejected is much.
higher than is usual when the exhaust steam is delivered to the hot well riz.:—
about 160° to 170° Fahr. the suction of the feed pumps being destroyed when
the feed water is of higher temperature. At the same time the rejected steam
of high temperature is utilised to combine with and directly heat the feid
water as it is being delivered by the feed pumps at boiler pressure.
By increasing the temperature of rejection of the heating steam, we increase
the evaporative capacity of the evaporator, as the average temperature of the
evaporator is raised.
To carry our invention into effect we fit an injector in conjunction with the
feed pines from the pumps to the boiler so that the injector will take the feed
water from one part of the pipe and force it back into the pipe at another part,
or direct into the boiler.
The steam for working the injector is taken from the evaporator after it has
been used as the heating medium for the evaporation of water.
We may provide a regulating valve between the main feed pipe and the water
inlet of the injector, also a non-return valve in the delivery pipe from the
injector to the feed pipe.
By this arrangement it will be seen that we can pass as much steam, as may
be desired through the evaporator and utilize both the latent and sensible heat
without being restricted to a certain temperature as in the case of passing the
rejected steam into the hot well, where as before stated a temperature of 160°
to 170° Fahr. must not be exceeded otherwise the suction of the feed pumps
destroyed.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Apparatus for Heating and
Evaporating Liquids by Means of Steam.
We, PERCY FRANCIS CAMERON WILLCOX, HENRY WALKER WILLCOX, and
REGINALD JOHN NORMAN WILLCOX, all of 3, The Oaks West, Sunderland, in the
Din R11

page_text: County of Durham, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention. relates to apparatus for heating and evaporating liquids. It
has been known for some time past that considerable economy is obtained and
higher efficiency is produced by the heating of the feed water for a steam
generator when the water is heated by live steam taken from the boiler to which
the water is to be fed; and further that the capacity of an evaporator heated
by steam is limited by the temperature of the rejected steam when such steam
is delivered to the hot well or condenser of a condensing engine.
The object of this invention is the provision of means for heating the feed
water on its passage to the boilers to a high temperature and further for
increasing the temperature of the rejected steam after being used as a heating
medium for the evaporation of water above the usual limit when delivered to
the hot well or condenser riz.:- about 160 to 170 Fahr.; such limit being
necessary by reason of the fact that if the feed water in the hot well is of higher
temperature the suck of the feed pumps is destroyed. By increasing the tem-
perature of rejection of the heating steam in an evaporator, we increase the
evaporative efficiency of the device, as the average temperature of the evaporator
is thus raised. The rejected steam of high temperature is utilised to combine
with and directly heat the feed water as it is being delivered by the feed pumps
to the boiler at or above boiler pressure.
Our invention consists in the combination of an injector or equivalent water
forcing and steam condensing device with the feed pipes from the pumps
to the boiler in a position intermediate between the pumps and boiler check
valve so that the injector or similar device will take the feed water from one
part of the pipe and force it back at a higher temperature into another part of
the pipe or direct into the boiler; and further in the combination with such an
arrangement of an evaporator heated by steam so that the rejected steam from
the evaporator is made to heat the feed water.
The steam for working the injector is taken from the boiler or from the
receiver or receivers of an expansion engine or from an evaporator after the
steam has been used as a heating medium for the evaporation of water.
In order that the invention may be the better understood we will now proceed
to describe the same in relation to the drawings hereunto annexed reference
being had to the figures marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a sectional view of a portion of the feed water delivery pipe with
the injector arranged thereon.
Figure 2 is a view showing the relative arrangements of pump, injector and
boiler check valve.
It will be seen from the drawings that upon the pipe I which is placed any.
where in the line of the feed water delivery pipe, between the feed pumps 11
and boiler 12 preferably close to an air vessel, two branches are arranged having
cocks 2 and 4 which are connected to the injector 3. The feed water passes
through the pipe I in the direction of the arrow
In order to heat the feed water the cocks 2 and 4 are opened to the injector 3,
steam is admitted at the branch 5 and passes through the cone 6, mixes with
and is condensed by the water from the cock 2 in the combining cone 7 and at
the same time imparts enough energy and velocity to the heated water, to enable
it to pass through the delivery cone 8 and non return valve 9 and thence through
the cock 4 to the feed pipe I and to the boiler 12.
In order to start a current of water and steam through the injector 3 an
overflow valve and cock are fitted to branch 10 connecting the injector 3 to
the hot well or other tank or receptacle.
In order to utilise as far as possible the dynamic action of the injector on the
feed water, and thus relieve the pump of some of its load, a non return valve 13

page_text: can be fitted in the feed pipe I between the branches to the cocks 2 and 4 as
shown in Fig. 2.
This valve may be provided with an adjustable load such as a spring.
By this arrangement of water heater it will be seen that for the purpose of
evaporation for distillation we can pass as much steam, as may be desired through
the evaporator and utilise both the latent and sensible heat without being
restricted to a certain temperature as in the case of passing the rejected or
condensed steam directly into the hot well, where as before stated a temperature
of 160° to 170° Fahr. must not be exceeded, otherwise the suction of the feed
pumps is destroyed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1st. A water heating device consisting of an injector or equivalent direct
contact steam condensing device inserted in the delivery pipe from the pump to
the boiler and means for connecting the injector or equivalent device to a source
of steam substantially as and for the purposes described.
2nil. In a water heating device consisting of an injector or equivalent direct
contact steam condensing device inserted in parallel in the delivery pipe from
the pump to the boiler and means for connecting the injector or equivalent device
to a source of steam, the arrangement of a non return valve in the feed pipe
between the two water branches connected to the injector or equivalent device,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
3rd. In combination as a water heating device an injected or equivalent direct
contact steam condensing device inserted in the delivery pipe from the pump
to the boiler, an evaporator for evaporating liquid by means of steam, and means
for conveying the rejected steam from the evaporator to the steam branch of the
injector or equivalent device, substantially as and for the purpose described.
4th. The arrangement of a water heating device, substantially as described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
FELL & JAMES,
1, Queen Victoria Street, London, EC., Agents for the Applicants.