Improvements connected with Anti-ballooning Plates or Yarn- separators for Spinning-frames.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 10th June, 1892-Accepted, 6th Aug.. 1502
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements connected with Anti-ballooning Plates or Yarn-
separators for Spinning-frames.
I, ALFRED DAVIS CHANDLER, of 7 Lowell Machine Shop Corporation, Dutton
Street, Lowell, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, one of the United States of
America, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained.
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to yarn-separators for spinning-frames, or devices adapted
to be arranged between adjacent spindles of a spinning-machine to prevent inter-
ference between the yarns being spun and wound upon such spindles, and the object
of said invention is to prevent the yarns being caught on the ends of the separator-
blades; to permit the use of a very light traveller and a very high speed of the
spindles; to permit the use of a very wide separator-blade, thus ensuring a more
perfect separation of the yarns; to enable the separator-blades to be quickly placed
in a position where they will not interfere with the operation of doffing and to
retain them in such position by their own weight and to enable said separator-
blades quickly to return to their normal position; to enable all the separator-blades
to be removed from the spinning-frame, when desired, quickly and without the
removal of or loosening of screws or other fastenings; and to secure means of ready
adjustment of the length of the traverse of the separator-blades and their shortest
distance from the'ring-rail.
In the accompanying drawings, on one sheet,
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a part of a ring-spinning-frame, showing the
roller-beam, thread-board, finger-board, guide-rail, spindle-rail, ring-rail, lifting-
rod, cross-shaft and its arm, spindles, bobbins, cops and separators and a part of the
devices which connect the separators to each other and a part of the devices which
operate said separators;
Figure 2, a vertical section on the line 22 in Figure 1, showing a left side
elevation of my improvement and its supporting and operating parts, the position of
the separator-blade in the operation of doffing being shown in dotted lines and in
its normal position by full lines;
Figure 3, a front elevation of the bracket of the separator-bar, parts of said bar,
the separator-rod, its adjustable collar and adjustable foot;
Figure 4, a left side elevation of the socket-piece which is carried by the
separator-rod ;
Figure 5, an isometric view of the bracket which forms a lock-hinge with said
socket;
Figure 6, an isometric view of the upper part of the adjustable foot of the
separator-rod ;
Figure 7, an isometric view of the lower part of said foot;
Figure 8, an isometric view of the bracket or stand which guides the separator-
rod;
Figure 9, a side elevation of either of the anti-friction rolls, one of which raises
the separator-rod while the other raises the lifting-rod ;
Figure 10, a front elevation of the last-named anti-friction roll and the stud
which carries said roll;
Figure 11, a side elevation of a collar, arranged between said anti-friction roll
and the nut which holds the stud, upon which said anti-friction roll turns, in the
cross-shaft arm.
The roller-beam A, thread-board B, hinged to the roller-beam, finger-boards B'

page_text: hinged to the thread-board; the yarn-guides or "pigtails", secured to the finger-
boards, the ring-rail C, the lifting-rod c, guided in the spindle-rail D and the lower
or guide-rail E, the latter serving as a step-rail where the spindles have an upper
and a lower bearing, the cross-shaft F, turning in brackets, secured to the guide-
rail E and caused to rock by the usual means and provided with the cross-shaft
arm, the free end of which carries a horizontal stud f2 on which turns an anti-
friction roll f, said roll being arranged under and supporting a lifting-rod c, the
spindles G, their rings g, their bearings ', bobbins H, are all of the usual
construction and operation, as used in ring-spinning machines.
The yarn y descends from the drawing-rolls (not shown) through the yarn-guides
and thence through the travellers c' which run on the rings g, secured to the ring-
rail C, in the usual manner, and is wound in cops Y on the bobbins H or on cop-
tubes in the usual' manner.
For economy of space, the spindles are set as near together as possible and the
yarns being wound on adjacent spindles are thrown outward by centrifugal force
and are apt to strike each other and be broken, the tendency of the yarns to strike
each other being greater, the lighter the travellers and the greater. the speed of the
spindles.
It is therefore customary to use separators or thin sheets or blades of metal in
spinning-frames' run at a high rate of speed, the yarn striking the separators and
being thereby prevented from-striking each other. The yarns, when flying outward,
when free to do so, describe the surfaces of imaginary inverted balloons, the
balloons being largest when the ring-rail is in its lowest position and the yarns being
in the greatest danger of striking each other at the largest horizontal diameters of
the balloons, so described, and the larger diameters of said balloons rising as the
ring-rail rises. Separators permanently affixed to the ring-rail cause the ring-rail
by their own weight to sag between the lifting-rods, of which there are two or more
to each ring-rail or section thereof, requiring the ring-rail to be made stronger "and
therefore heavier.
Separators, movable independently of the ring-rail, but in some cases receiving
a part of their motion from the ring-rail, have been used. These are liable to bend
the ring-rail between the lifting-rods-and-retard the ring-rail when they first come
in contact therewith and make uneven cops. Such movable separators are commonly
pivoted back of and above the ring-rail and are swung out of the path of the ring-
rail when the latter is in and near its highest position, there being less need of
separators at such times, and are commonly so narrow, vertically, in order that they
may not strike against the thread-board and roller-beams in rising, that they
interfere above and below the separators, when in working position. The yarn
frequently catches on the ends of the separators when the separators are leaving and
returning to their working position.
yarns
Separators which cannot be moved out: from between the spindles are in the way
during the operation of doffing.
The separators described below obviate these objections.
The separators-proper I are of sheet metal and are secured to a separator-bar J
which extends back of the ring-rail, parallel therewith, and is provided with as
many brackets K as there are separator-rods N (hereinafter described), each
bracket K being secured to the separator-bar J, as by screws k, and having laterally-
projecting pins, the pin being parallel with the axis of said bar Jand
entering a backwardly-inclined slot 1, having a half-round lower end, in the top of
the socket-piece L and serving as a pivot on which said separator-bar J may be
given a partial revolution about the axis of said pin ky to raise the separators: out
of the way before doffing and: to restore them to position afterwards. Each socket-
piece Lis provided; in front of the inclined slot, with a curved projection the
curvature of which is concentric with the rounded lower front end of the slot l'and
at a distance from said lower end of said slot equal to the space between the
pins., so that when the separators are turned down into the position shown' in
Figure 2, the pin 4* rests upon a shoulder 12, arranged on the front of the socket-

page_text: piece at the lower end of the projection l', which prevents the separators going
below a horizontal position. Each socket-piece is provided with an upwardly-
projecting stop, preferably cast in one piece with said socket-piece, arranged back
of the slot and adapted to be struck by the separator-bar J when the separators
are turned up from between the spindles, to prevent the further backward movement
of the separators and to support them in their raised position, the centre of gravity
of the combined separator-bar and separators being at this time a little back of
the axis of the pivot-pin k².
When the separators are in their horizontal position, the projection and the
backward inclination of the slot prevent the separator-bar from being disengaged
from the socket-piece, but when the separators are in their raised position, the
separator-bar may be lifted, drawing the pivot-pins out of the inclined slots,
and removed with the attached separators from the machine, for repairs or for other
purposes.
Each socket-piece L is provided with a collar 1, adapted to receive and fit the
upper end of a vertical separator-rod N, and is held in place on said rod by a set-
screw which turns in said collar and thrusts against said rod.
There are as many separator-rods as there are lifting-rods and each separator-rod
is guided vertically, sliding in the sleeves m m' of the stand or bracket M, secured
to the guide-rail by bolts m³, as shown in Figure 1, and is raised precisely as a
lifting-rod is raised, that is, by the rising of the cross-shaft arm f¹, the stud f
being lengthened and projecting backward through said arm to support an anti-
friction roll which is a duplicate of the roll f³, above referred to.
which
"f"*
The stud is passed through a slot 5, in the cross-shaft arm up to a stationary
annular shoulder fe, with which said stud is provided, and a nut f is turned upon
said stud against the opposite face of said arm, in the usual manner.
One of the
anti-friction rolls is retained on said stud between said shoulder and the head.
of a screw (shown by dotted lines in Figure 10) which enters a threaded
hole in the end of said stud, also in the usual manner, and the other of said
rolls is retained on said stud by the nut above-named and another nut
turns on the reduced and threaded other end f10 of said stud, collars
being arranged between said last-named roll and said nuts, to lessen friction.
Each separator-rod is provided. with an adjustable foot O formed in two
parts o o', the upper of which (see Figure 6) has a collar o², integral therewith,
which receives the lower end of the separator-rod N and is held thereon by a
set-screw of which turns in said collar and thrusts against said rod. The lower
part o' of the foot (see Figure 7) is an angle piece, the horizontal portion o³ of
which is arranged above the anti-friction roll in a position to be raised by the
rising of said roll. The parts o o' are each slotted vertically, at 007, and are
secured to each other by a bolt o, passing through said slots, and a nut o, turning
on the threaded end of said bolt against the lower part o¹ of said foot.
The parts
of the foot are prevented from turning on each other by vertical ribs on their
contiguous faces, the ribs o10 on the part o being arranged to enter between the
ribs on the part o'. By loosening the nut o and adjusting the parts of the foot
vertically on each other, the highest point of the traverse of the separators is
varied, or the lowest point of said traverse, but the lowest point is preferably
determined by an adjustable collar P which slides on the separator-rod N and is
held at any required height by a set-screw p, said collar by striking the top of the
bracket M preventing any further downward movement of the separator-rod.
The largest diameter of the balloon described by the yarn between the traveller
and the yarn-guide or "pigtail," of course, has a much less traverse than the ring-
rail, being above the ring-rail when the ring-rail is down and at all other times, and
never rising as high as the guide-wire, the largest diameter of the balloon
diminishing as the ring-rail rises, and rising more slowly than the ring-rail rises.
But it is not sufficient that the separator should separate the yarns merely at the
largest diameter of the balloon, because if the separator is too narrow, as for
instance if it were a single horizontal wire, the yarns would, on a long traverse,

page_text: interfere above and below the separator, when the balloons were largest. The
separator, in practice, is therefore adjusted.to.stand.between the largest diameters
of adjacent balloons and is wide, enoughr to extend above. and below such largest
diameters for a sufficient distance, when the .ring-rail. is.at..its lowest position, and
to rise with such largest diameters until the ring-rail. has. reached its highest point.
The fact that the separators, above-described, do not in their usual operation
swing upward upon pivots enables them to be of much greater width vertically than
the vertically-swinging separators commonly employed, at least, twice as wide as
such swinging separators. The increased width of the separators allows of a
shorter traverse of the separators and prevents the yarn from interfering above
and below the separators, when the ring-rail is in its lowest position and the
balloons are largest. The use of wider separators enables longer cops to he spun.
The backward inclination of the slot . the curved projection and its distance
from the lower end of said slot and the shoulder hold, the separator-bar very
securely in the horizontal position of the separators.
The separating devices above described can be used in spinning either warp or
filling equally well.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The combination of the spindles, the ring-rail, the separators, means of
imparting a vertical traverse to said ring-rail and separators and adjustable-stops,
to vary the limit of the downward movement of said separators, as and for the
purpose specified.
2. The combination of the spindles, the ring-rail, the separators, the separator-
bar, the separator-rods, means of imparting a vertical traverse to said ring-rail and
separator-rods, said separator-rods being adjustable in length, to vary the limit of
the upward movement of said separators, and adjustable stops, to vary the limit of
the downward movement of said separators, as and for the purpose specified.
3. The combination of the spindles, the ring-rail, the separators, the separator-
bar, the separator-rods, means of imparting a vertical traverse to said ring-rail and
separator-rods, said separators being arranged and adapted to remain between said
spindles during the entire traverse of said ring-rail and said separator-rods being
adjustable in length, to vary the limit of the upward movement of said separators,
and adjustable stops, to vary the limit of the downward movement of said
separators, to vary the length of the traverse of said separators without affecting
the length of the traverse of said ring-rail, as and for the purpose specified.
4. The combination of the spindles, the ring-rail, vertical separator-rods, means
of giving said ring-rail and separator-rods a vertical traverse, separators, the
separator-bar operated by said separator-rods, stands in which said separator-rods
are guided and stop-collars secured on said separator-rods above said stands and by
striking on the tops of said stands adapted to limit the downward movement of said
separator-rods, as and for the purpose specified.
5. The combination of the spindles, the ring-rail, vertical separator-rods, means
of giving said ring-rail and separator-rods a vertical traverse, separators, the
separator-bar operated by said separator-rods, stands, in which said separator-rods
are guided, and stop-collars, secured on said separator-rods above said stands and.
by striking on the tops of said stands adapted to limit the downward movement of
said separător-rods, said collars being adjustable on said rods, to vary the length
of the traverse of said rods, as and for the purpose specified.
6. The combination of the spindles, the ring-rail, the vertical separator-rod
having a foot, adjustable in length, the separators, the separator-bar operated by
said rod, and the cross-shaft having an arm. provided with a stud which extends
under said foot, as and for the purpose specified.
7. The combination of the spindles, the. ring-rail, the vertical separator-rod, a
foot, secured to said rod and formed in two parts, each provided with a slot, a bolt,

page_text: arranged in said slots, to secure the parts thereof to each other and to allow the
same to be adjusted on each other, the separators, the separator-bar, operated by
said rod, and the cross-shaft, having an arm provided with a stud which extends.
under said foot, as and for the purpose specified.
8. The combination of the separator-bar, having journals or pivot-pins, separators,.
carried by said bar, separator-rods, having sockets to receive said journals and to.
enable said separators to be turned into or out of their operative positions, means
of retaining said journals in said sockets when said separators are in operative
positions and means of allowing said journals to be detached from said sockets when
said separators are turned out of their operative positions, as and for the purpose
specified.
9. The combination of the separator-bar, separators, carried thereby, the
separator-rod, a socket, rigidly secured thereto and provided with an inclined slot.
and with a curved projection, concentric with said lower end of said slot, and a
bracket, secured to said separator-bar and having pins, one of which enters said
slot, to enable said bar and separators to be turned thereon, and the other of which
normally engages said projection but is disengaged therefrom by turning said bar, to.
allow said pin first named to be disengaged from said slot and said separator-bar to
be disconnected from said separator-rod, as and for the purpose specified.
10. The combination of the separator-bar, separators, secured thereto, the
separator-rod, a socket, rigidly secured thereto, a bracket, secured to said separator-
bar and having a pin which turns in said socket, to enable said separators to be
moved into a horizontal position or, at will, into a vertical position, and a stop,
arranged on said socket, to engage said bar and to support said separators in a
raised position, as and for the purpose specified.
11. The combination of the spindles, the ring-rail, means of giving the same a
vertical traverse, the vertical separator-rod, a foot, secured to said rod and formed
in two parts, each provided with a slot, a bolt, secured in said slots, to secure the
parts thereof to each other and to allow the same to be adjusted vertically on each
other, each part of said foot being provided with vertical ribs and the ribs on one
of said parts entering between the ribs on the other of said parts, to prevent them
from turning on each other, as and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 10th day of June A.D. 1892.
ALFRED DAVIS CHANDLER.
Herbert & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, W.C., Agents to Applicants..