Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Applicaton. 7th Apr., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 21st Dec., 1998
Complete Specification Accepted, 29th Jan., 1889
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co. Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
-
This invention relates to ignition apparatus for engines or motors worked by
combustible vapour or gas or by combustible liquid, such as petroleum, naphtha,
benzene, or the like. The improved apparatus constructed according to this inven-
tion is designed to obviate the great inconvenience heretofore experienced in the
said engines or motors through the liability of the operative part or parts (such as
slide or other valves) of the ignition device having the motion thereof arrested or
obstructed by the deposition of products of combustion so that the ignition of the
combustible mixture is prevented.
According to the said invention I arrange in the cylinder cover of the engine or
motor a suction valve whereby the admission of the combustible mixture to the
cylinder is controlled. The suction valve opens into a chamber which is formed
in the cylinder cover and communicates with the said cylinder, and with a chamber.
The latter is likewise formed in the lower part of the cylinder cover and com-
municates either direct or through another chamber with the ignition pipe.
During the suction period the lower chamber and the ignition pipe will be filled
with the products of combustion that have resulted from the previous explosion so
that the combustible mixture will pass from the suction valve through the upper
chamber into the cylinder without coming in contact with the ignition pipe. During
the period of compression the said products of combustion will be compressed to
such a degree that they are forced back into the lower chamber and ignition pipe

page_text: far enough for the combustible mixture to enter the said pipe in order to be
ignited at the end of the period of compression. To effect this object the point
where heat is applied to the ignition pipe or ignition chamber must be at a suitable
distance from the end of the said pipe or chamber.
This distance can be determined by the equation
L
l=p + k,
wherein L designates the capacity of the space or passage from the inner edge of the
cylinder cover to the end of the ignition pipe, and P the pressure in atmospheres
of the compressed mixture, whilst k is a constant and depends on the cooling of the
fluids and the friction in the passages. As a rule k = 1". Of course, the said
proportion can be varied within certain limits. If the sectional area of the passage
is the same the entire length, I simply gives the said distance in inches, but if it varies,
Z must correspond to a definite volume or capacity.
In a modified arrangement of the upper chamber the ignition pipe is of porcelain,
fayence or other bad conductor of heat. It is heated by a lamp or other source
of heat applied at the above mentioned distance from its end, and in the incan-
descent state causes the ignition of the combustible mixture.
In a further modification the ignition pipe is in communication with a chamber
containing pieces of fajance, porcelain, stone or other similar material of regular
or irregular shape which retain the heat a long time. This filling material will
gradually become incandescent through the explosions in the engine cylinder and
it then causes the ignition of the combustible mixtures without further application
of heat to the ignition pipe.
Dated thin 7th A: 1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: Petroleum, and other Engines or Motors.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseitine Lake & Co. Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex. do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following. statement:-
This invention relates to ignition apparatus for engines or motors worked by
combustible vapour or gas, or by combustible liquid, such as petroleum, naphtha,
benzine, or the like.
The improved apparatus constructed according to this invention is designed to
obviate the great inconvenience heretofore experienced in the said engines or motors
through the liability of the operative part or parts (such as slide or other valves)
of the ignition device having the motion thereof arrested or obstructed by the
deposition of products of combustion so that the ignition of the combustible mixture
is prevented.
The arrangement of the said ignition apparatus is shown in the accompanying
drawings the figures of which are hereinafter referred to.
According to the said invention I arrange in the cylinder cover E Figs. 1 & 4, of
the engine or motor, a suction valve F Fig. 4 whereby the admission of the com-
bustible mixture to the cylinder is controlled. The suction valve F opens into a
chamber D which is formed in the cylinder cover and communicates with the said
cylinder, and with a chamber C. The latter is likewise formed in the lower part of
the cylinder cover and communicates either direct or through another chamber A
with the ignition pipe B.
During the suction period the lower chamber C and the ignitious pipe B will be
filled with the products of combustion that have resulted from the previons explosion
so that the combustible mixture will pass from the suction valve F through the upper
chamber D into the cylinder without coming in contact with the ignition pipe B.
During the period of compression the said products of combustion will be com-
pressed to such a degree that they are forced back into the lower chamber C and
ignition pipe B far enough for the combustible mixture to enter the said pipe in
order to be ignited at the end of the period of compression. To effect this object the
point H where heat is applied to the ignition-pipe or ignition chamber must be at a
suitable distance from the end of the said pipe or chamber.
This distance I can be determined by the equation
35 wherein L designates the capacity of the space or passage from the inner edge of the
cylinder cover to the end of the ignition pipe, and P the pressure in atmospheres of
the compressed mixture, whilst k is a constant and depends on the cooling of the
fluids and the friction in the passages. As a rule 1. Of course, the said
proportion can be varied within certain limits.
=

page_text: If the sectional area of the passage is the same the entire length, I simply gives the
said distance in inches, but if it varies, I must correspond to a definite volumne or
capacity.
In a modified arrangement of the upper chamber shown in Fig. 2 the ignition
pipe B is of porcelain, fayence or other bad conductor of heat. It is heated by a
lamp H or other source of heat applied at the above mentioned distance from its end,
and in the incandescent state causes the ignition of the combustible mixture.
In a further modification shown in Fig. 3 the ignition pipe B is in communication
with a chamber A containing pieces of fayence, porcelain, stone or other similar
material of regular or irregular shape which retain the heat a long time. This filling
material will gradually become incandescent through the explosions in the engine
cylinder and it then causes the ignition of the combustible mixtures without further
application of heat to the ignition pipe B.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
First. The construction of the ignition pipe or ignition chamber of igniting
apparatus for engines worked by combustible vapour, gas or liquid, in such a manner
that the ignition of the combustible vapour, gas or liquid, becomes automatic, and
the incandescence of the said pipe or chamber is maintained only by the heat
generated by the explosions in the engine cylinder.
Second. The employment, in ignition apparatus for engines worked by combustible
vapour, gas or liquid, of porecelain, fayence, stone or other bad conductor of heat, for
the purpose of effecting when in a state of incandesence a regular ignition of the
explosive mixture.
Third. The arrangement and relative dimensions substantially as described, of the
ignition pipe, and passages, of ignition apparatus for engines worked by combustible
vapour, gas or liquid, for the purpose of effecting a regular heating of the igniting
pipe without the aid of slide or other valves, or the like, as above specified.
Dated this 21st day of December 1888
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London,
Agents for the Applicant.