Cutters and other Objects.
Year: 1885

page_text: Cutters and other Objects.
. I, PIERRE PHILIPPE HUBÉ of Paris in the Republic of France, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The great diversity of work required to be performed by cutting and shaping
machines for shaping rose cutters and other objects requires that the cutter
shaft should be capable, of adjustment in varying positions relatively to the table
carrying the object operated upon.
The various mountings required to be made necessitate a great expenditure of
time, and the arrangements adopted for each cannot serve for the others. To
obviate these difficulties I have devised a combination that will allow the cutter
shaft to assume, instantaneously and without requiring anything to be dismounted,
all possible positions relative to the table of the machine.
It is also necessary to combine with the above advantage arrangements per-
mitting the movement of the carriage to be controlled automatically by utilizing
the movement of the cutter shaft in whatever position it may be, and I have
devised various arrangements that form, together with the above named improve-
ment, the subject of my present invention.
According to one arrangement for the above purpose the motion is imparted to
the driving shaft of the machine by grooved speed pullies, which shaft imparts the
motion to the cutter shaft by means of bevil pinions. The driving shaft is situated
in the centre of a circular carriage on which pivots the head stock of the cutter
shaft in such manner that whatever position the latter is made to assume it is
always driven by the bevil pinion of the driving shaft, on the centre line of which
it revolves; the headstock is fixed in position on the circular carriage by means of
screw bolts. By this arrangement consequently the, cutter may act either in a
vertical position or horizontally or in any intermediate position that can be
assumed by the cutter shaft in the vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal axis
of the table of the machine. The circular carriage is vertically adjustable upon a
vertical carriage with horizontal circular base, and it is fixed in any desired
position thereon by means of a lateral setting screw. The vertical carriage can
again be rotated upon a second horizontal circular, carriage mounted on the
framing. The cutter shaft can therefore by means of these several arrangements,
D

page_text: assume all possible positions round the axis of the last named carriage in any of
the various horizontal planes in which it may be placed, that is to say it can
assume all possible positions in all the vertical planes which the axis of the said
carriage allows it to take, either parallel, perpendicular, or obliquely to the longi-
tudinal axis of the table of the machine, and it can consequently effect the cutting
or shaping of surfaces parallel to these planes.
The automatic motion of the carriages carrying the object operated upon is
effected by the driving shaft by means of two grooved pullies, which may be
alternately made fast and loose thereon. An endless cord passing round the
driving pulley of the operating carriages is passed over the pullies and then
descends inside the frame to a fourth pulley hanging in a loop of the cord and
from which is suspended a weight whereby the cord is kept stretched and which
allows of the variations in the lengths of cord between the pullies on the driving
shaft and operating carriage, according to the different positions assumed by them.
To the pulley on the operating carriages is fixed a pinion gearing with a toothed
wheel through which the shaft that actuates the operating carriages slides with a
feather and groove so that the rotation of the said wheel is imparted to the shaft
in any position this may occupy consequent on its longitudinal. motion with the
carriage.
The pullies on the driving shaft are made alternately fast and loose by means of
a clutch whereby the direction of motion may be changed at will.
According to another arrangement of the machine adapted both for shaping rose
cutters and as a copying machine worked by a hand lever, the circular loop
through which the hand lever passes is fixed to a bridge piece attached to the
carriage of the driving shaft, in order to withdraw the same rapidly when the
machine is to be adapted for shaping rose cutters.
The loop has its upper half removeable for disconnection of the hand lever,
which is pivotted at its end in a jaw which in its turn pivots vertically in a
bearing on a bracket fixed to the frame.
According to another modification of this machine, the automatic movement of
the operating carriages is transmitted from the driving shaft through hyperbolic
toothed gear and a shaft with universal joint sliding with feather and groove.
through a worm wheel on the shaft of the carriages.
According to another modification, constituting a universal cutting and shaping
machine constructed on the same principle as the machine above described, that is
to say, possessing the advantages offered by the circular carriages permitting the
cutter shaft to assume all possible positions relative to the table of the machine, a
speed pulley on the mill shaft is geared by a belt to the similar speed pulley on
the driving shaft of the machine, which imparts the motion by means of mitre
wheels to a vertical shaft within the framing of the machine; this shaft is
hollowed at its one end for receiving the end of a second, grooved, shaft which is
thus supported at bottom by the hollow shaft and at its upper end by the
vertically pivotting carriage carrying a horizontally pivotted carriage of the cutter
shaft. The hollow of the shaft has a key fitting the groove of the last named shaft
so as to cause it to revolve therewith and to impart its motion to a horizontal
shaft driving the cutter shaft by means of mitre wheels of which the one is formed
on a bush carried by the horizontally pivotted carriage and having an internal
feather taking into the groove of the vertical shaft on which it can slide, so that
the motion is imparted to the cutter shaft in whatever position the latter may be
situated owing to the shifting up or down of its carriage upon the vertically
pivotted carriage. The motion of the horizontal shaft is imparted to the cutter
shaft through mitre wheels.
As in the previously described machines, the headstock of the cutter shaft is
arranged to rotate upon the horizontally pivotted carriage and can consequently
assume any vertical, horizontal or inclined positions in a plane parallel to the
longitudinal axis of the machine; it is fixed in position by four screw bolts. The
vertically pivotted carriage can also rotate upon the framing, thus allowing the

page_text: cutter shaft to assume any position in planes perpendicular or at any angle to
the longitudinal axis of the table.
The automatic motion is effected by a grooved speed pulley on the driving shaft
through a cord passing round a similar speed pulley on a shaft the end of which
carries a bevil pinion which gears alternately with the two bevil pinions fixed on
a vertical shaft, according as this is raised or lowered; by this means the operating
carriages are moved alternately in contrary directions.
The last named vertical shaft has a groove into which takes a feather on a worm
sliding thereon, so that the worm receives rotary motion from the vertical shaft in
whatever position it may be consequent upon the vertical motion of the table.
The worm gears with a worm wheel fixed on the shaft which imparts the
automatic motion to the other mechanism of the operating carriages through spur
gearing. When one of the before mentioned bevil pinions on the vertical shaft
is in gear, a corresponding motion is imparted through a clutch to the said spur
gearing, from which the spindles that actuate the operating carriages and table of
the machine receive their. motion.
The spur gearing is fitted on the spindles with friction, being rendered fast or
loose by a screw with hand wheel situated in front of the operator.
This machine may also be used with the vertically pivotted carriage removed
and the headstock fitted directly upon the circular head of the framing; for this
purpose the before mentioned vertical grooved shaft is removed, as is also the pin
securing the bevil wheel on the horizontal shaft driven thereby, so that the head-
stock can be taken off the horizontally pivotted carriage, and the grooved shaft of
the headstock is then fitted into the before mentioned hollow shaft.

page_text: Improvements in Machinery for Cutting and Shaping Rose
Cutters and other Objects.
I, PIERRE PHILIPPE HURE of Paris in the Republic of France, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement-
The great diversity of work required to be performed by cutting and shaping
machines for shaping rose cutters and other objects requires that the cutter shaft
should be capable of adjustment in varying positions relatively to the table
carrying the object operated upon.
The various mountings required to be made necessitate a great expenditure of
time, and the arrangements adopted for each cannot serve for the others. To
obviate these difficulties I have devised a combination that will allow the cutter
shaft to assume, instantaneously and without requiring anything to be dismounted,
all possible positions relative to the table of the machine. It is also necessary to
combine with the above advantage arrangements permitting the movement of the
carriage to be controlled automatically by utilising the movement of the cutter
shaft in whatever position it may be, and I have devised various arrangements that
form together with the above named improvement the subject of my present
invention, and which I will now describe with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Figs. 1 to 9 on sheet I shew a cutting or shaping machine driven by a cord from
an overhead motion, the automatic movement of the carriages being also effected
by a cord; Figs. 10 and 11 shew the same machine with automatic movement by
means of a shaft with universal joint. The figures on sheet II shew a machine of
similar construction driven by toothed gearing and the automatic movement driven
by a cord.
In sheet I Fig. 1 shews a sectional side elevation, Fig. 2 a part front view and
Fig. 3 a sectional back view of a machine driven by a cord from the overhead
motion shewn at Fig. 4.
The motion is imparted to the shaft A by the grooved speed pullies B, which
shaft imparts the motion to the cutter; shaft G by means of the bevil pinions D.
The shaft A is situated in the centre of a circular carriage E on which pivots the
headstock E' of the cutter shaft G. It will be seen that whatever position the
latter is made to assume it is always driven by the bevil pinion D of the shaft A
on the centre line of which it revolves; the headstock is fixed in position on the
circular carriage by means of the screw bolts e. By this arrangement consequently
the cutter may act either in a vertical position as at Fig. 1, or horizontally, as in
dotted lines Fig. 2, or in any intermediate position that can be assumed by the
cutter shaft in the vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the table of
the machine.
The circular carriage E is vertically adjustable upon a vertical carriage with
horizontal circular base. F and it is fixed in any desired position thereon by means

page_text: of a lateral setting screw G. The carriage F can again be rotated upon a second,
horizontal circular carriage H mounted on the framing, and it can consequently
assume the positions shewn at Figs. 5, 6 and 7, as also any intermediate positions.
The cutter shaft can therefore, by means of these several arrangements, assume all
possible positions round the axis of the carriage H in any of the various horizontal
planes in which it may be placed, that is to say it can assume all possible positions
in all the vertical planes which the axis of the carriage H allows it to take either
parallel, perpendicular or obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the table of the
machine, and it can consequently effect the cutting or shaping of surfaces parallel
to these planes.
The automatic motion of the carriages carrying the object operated upon is
effected by the shaft A by means of two grooved pullies I J which may be alter-
nately made fast and loose thereon. An endless cord passing round the driving
pulley K of the carriages is passed over the pullies IJ and then descends inside
the frame to a fourth pulley L hanging in a loop of the cord and from which is
suspended a weight whereby the cord is kept stretched and which allows of the
variations in the lengths of cord between the pullies I, J and Ķ, according to the
different positions assumed by the carriage E and support M.
To the pulley K is fixed a pinion N gearing with a toothed wheel O. through
which the shaft that actuates the operating carriages slides with a feather and
groove, so that the rotation of the wheel O is imparted to the shaft in any position
this may occupy consequent on its longitudinal motion with the carriage. The
pullies I J are made alternately fast and loose by means of a clutch (not shewn).
whereby the direction of motion may be changed at will.
In the arrangement shewn respectively in elevation and plan at Figs. 8 and 9
the circular loop through which the hand lever passes is fixed to a bridge piece P.
attached to the carriage E, in order to withdraw the same rapidly when the machine
is to be adapted for shaping rose cutters. The loop has its upper half removable
as shewn. The lever is pivotted at its end in a jaw Q which in its turn pivots,
vertically in a bearing on the bracket R fixed to the frame.
Figs. 10 and 11 shew vertical sections at right angles to each other of the same
machine as last described, but with automatic movement of the carriages trans-
mitted from the shaft A through hyperbolic toothed gear S and shaft with universal
joint T sliding with feather and groove through the worm U that drives the worm
wheel V on the shaft of the carriages.
On sheet II. Fig. 1 shews a vertical section, Figs. 2 and 5, elevations at right
angles to each other, and Fig. 4 a sectional plan of a universal cutting and shaping
machine constructed on the same principle as the machines above described, that is
to say possessing the advantages offered by the circular carriages permitting the
cutter shaft to assume all possible positions relative to the table of the machine.
This machine is driven from a speed pulley on the main shaft geared by a belt to
the similar speed pulley A of the machine, which imparts the motion by means
of mitre wheels B to the vertical shaft C within the framing of the machine; this
shaft is hollowed at its one end for receiving the end of a second grooved shaft C
which is thus supported at bottom by C and at its upper end by the carriage H.
The hollow of the shaft O has a key fitting the groove of C¹, so as to cause
it to revolve therewith. The motion of G is imparted to the shaft D by.
means of mitre wheels B¹ B" of which B is formed on a bush carried by G¹ and
having an internal feather taking into the groove of G¹on which it can slide so
that B will impart the motion of G¹ to D in whatever position the latter may be
situated owing to the shifting up or down of the carriage G upon the carriage H.
The motion of the shaft D is imparted to the cutter shaft through the mitre
wheels E.
As in the previously described machine, the headstock Z of the cutter shaft is
arranged to rotate upon the circular carriage G, and can consequently assume any
vertical, horizontal, or inclined positions in a plane parallel to the longitudinal
axis of the machine; it is fixed, in position by four screw bolts. The carriage H

page_text: can also rotate vertically upon the framing 1, thus allowing the cutter shaft to
assume any position in planes perpendicular or at any angle to the longitudinal axis
of the table. The carriage H is fixed in position by three strong screw bolts.
The automatic motion is effected by a grooved speed pulley J on the shaft of
the speed pulley A, through a cord passing round a similar speed pulley J¹, on
a shaft the end of which carries a bevil pinion K which gears alternately with the
two bevil pinions L and L¹, according as the shaft M, on which they are fixed, is
raised or lowered by means of the hand lever M'; by this means the operating
carriages V are moved alternately in contrary directions. The shaft M has a
groove into which takes a feather on the worm N sliding thereon, so that N receives
rotary motion from M in whatever position it may be consequent upon the vertical
motion of the table. The worm gears with a worm wheel O fixed on the shaft P
which imparts the automatic motion to the other parts through the wheel Q.
When one of the pinions of M is in gear with K, a corresponding motion is
imparted to P and through the clutch P¹, when made to gear with P, to the
wheel Q, from which the wheels Q' receive their motion. The latter wheels work
with friction; they are fixed on their spindles by a screw with hand wheel g
situated in front of the operator.
Figs. 1 and 2 shew the arrangement for automatically throwing the clutch P¹
out of gear at any desired point of the travel of the carriage V or of the slide V₁ on
the same.
A lever a pivotted at a¹ has a stud gearing with the groove of the sliding
clutch P¹ and is acted upon by a spring which tends to draw the clutch out of
gear. The lever is held so as to keep the clutch in gear by means of a catch b¹ on
a second lever b. This lever has two adjustable inclines b³, against which bears,
at each extremity of the travel of the carriage V, a stud e¹ on a pin 6, which stud
also bears against the underside of a flange b³ on the lever b.
The pin e is connected to a lever d pivotted on the carriage, the turned up end
of which is acted upon by the adjustable stops c on the slide V of the carriage,
so as to depress the lever d and thus raise the catch lever b and thus allow the
spring of lever a to throw the clutch out of gear when the slide has travelled
a certain distance. When on the other hand the carriage V is travelling in and
out, the stud el will raise the lever b and throw out the clutch when it comes
against the inclines b².
By the above arrangement are obtained;
1. The longitudinal motion of the carriage V by the shaft S, which transmits
it to the screw spindle T by means of two hyperbolic toothed wheels U.
2. The movement of the carriage V directly by the screw spindle X.
3. The vertical movement of the support R. The disengaging of the clutch P' Pu
is effected automatically.
Fig. 3 shews the same machine with the carriage H removed and the headstock. Z
fitted directly upon the circular head of the framing I; for this purpose the shaft C¹
is removed, as is also the pin securing the wheel B₁ so that the headstock Z can be
taken off the carriage G, and the grooved shaft D of the headstock is then fitted
into the hollow of shaft C.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim in respect of cutting & shaping machines is:-
1. Mounting the headstock of the cutter shaft upon a circular carriage pivotting
on a horizontal axis, either with or without provision for vertical motion, and
combined with a circular carriage pivotting on a vertical axis on the framing of
the machine, either with or without provision for horizontal motion, whereby the
cutter shaft may be made to assume, rapidly and without disconnecting any part,
all possible positions in any vertical plane, either perpendicular, horizontal or
obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the table of the machine, substantially as
herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

page_text: 2. The arrangement herein described with reference to sheet I of the drawings
whereby the automatic motion of the carriages is obtained by an endless cord
stretched by a weight and situated inside the framing.
3. Obtaining the reversal of the automatic motion by putting in gear one or
other of the pullies I and J as described with reference to Figs. 1 to 9 sheet I of
the drawings.
4. The arrangement herein described with reference to Figs. 10 and 11 sheet I
of the drawings whereby the automatic motion is obtained by a grooved shaft
with universal joint, and hyperbolic toothed wheels.
5. The arrangement for effecting the automatic motion herein described with
reference to Figs. 1 to 5 sheet II. of the drawings,