IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Charles Wilson, of East India House, 5, Limo
Street, London, County of Middlesex, Civil and Mechanical Engineer,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Charles Wilson at:
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the)
27th September 1864.
I, JOHN CHARLES WILSON, of East India House, 5, Lime Street, London,
County of Middlesex, Civil and Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists in a new construction of pump, whereby the admis-
sion and emission of the fluid to be pumped is regulated without the use of
"valves," that is, of apparatus acted upon by the vacuum or pressure within
the pump. To attain this object I proceed as follows:Firstly, I construct
the working barrel of my pump in the usual manner, namely, in the form of "
a cylinder, with a piston working up and down within it, but instead of
making this cylinder a fixture as hitherto, I cause it to oscillate upon trunions
in a similar manner to the cylinder of an oscillating steam engine. On one
side of this cylinder I cast or affix a working face containing ports or
openings, which communicate with the interior of the-cylinder by means of

page_text: suitable passages. Secondly, I place this cylinder in the interior of a cistern
or tank in such a manner as to cause its working face and ports to work
against a corresponding face fixed on the side of the tank; the ports in the
latter communicating on one side with the suction pipe or source of supply,
and on the other with the delivery pipe or place of discharge.
By this arrangement as the cylinder is made to oscillate, and the suction
or discharge ports in its working face are made to communicate with those in
the face on the side of the tank, the piston will make a vacuum. and draw in
the fluid on one side, and discharge it on the other.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Charles Wilson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th March 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JonN
CHARLES WILSON, of East India House, 5, Lime Street, London, County of
Middlesex, Civil and Mechanical Engineer, send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters,
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year) 'of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Charles Wilson, Her special. licence that I, the- said John
Charles Winson, my executors, administrators, and assigns; or such-others as
I, the said John Charles Wilson, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time: agree with, and no others, from time to time and-at all
times thereafter during the term, therein expressed, should and lawfully.
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PUMPS," upon; the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said John Charles Wilson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their,, or one of their hands and seals, should par-..
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
t
NOW KNOW, YE, that I, the said John Charles Wilson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the

page_text: annexed, that is to say:
My Invention consists in a new construction of pump, whereby the admisi.
sion and emission of the fluid to be pumped, is regulated without the use of
"valves," that is, of apparatus acted upon by the vacuum or pressure within
the pump. To attain this object I proceed as follows: Firstly, I construct
the working barrel of my pump in the usual manner, namely, in the form of
a. cylinder, with a piston working up and. down within it, but: instead of
making this cylinder a fixture as hitherto I cause it to oscillate upon trunnions,
in a similar manner to the cylinder of an oscillating steam engine. On one
side of this cylinder I cast or affix a working face .containing ports or
openings which communicate. with the interior of the cylinder, by means of
suitable passages... Secondly, I. place this cylinder in the interior of a cistern
or tank in such a manner as to cause its. working faco and ports..to work.
against a corresponding face fixed on the side of the tank;, the ports in the
latter communicating on one side with the suction pipe or source of supply,
and on the other with the delivery pipe or place of discharge...
Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings is a section; Figure 2, an eleva-
tion, and Figure 3 is a plan shewing the manner in which I construct my
pumps. Similar letters refer to similar parts in all the Figures.
A is a cylinder or working barrel shewn detached, and in elevation at
Figure 4: It is formed with trunnions a, a, on which it is free to oscillate.
The trunnions work in bearings b, b, provided on the inside of the tank B.
This tank is separated at one side or end into a suction chamber C and a dis-
charge chamber D, and the side or face of the chamber next the cylinder or
working barrel A is pierced with holes or ports c, c, as shewn in the sectional
view, Figure 5. Figure 6 is a view shewing the ports d, d, on the side of the
cylinder A, and Figure 7 is a section through the water passages in the
cylinder A; E is a suction pipe; F, a discharge trough; G, the piston
working in the cylinder A connected by the piston rod H to the crank I; K is
a fly wheel, and L a crank handle for giving motion to the pump; M is a
screw for keeping the working face of the cylinder A in contact with the side
of the chambers C and D. On setting the pump to work, and commencing
with, say, the piston at the top of the cylinder A, the suction ports on the
cylinder face communicating with the top of the cylinder are brought opposite
to the ports in the suction chamber C, and water is drawn into the cylinder
on the top side of the piston, at the same time the oscillation of the cylinder
causes the suction ports communicating with the bottom of the cylinder to be
closed, and the discharge ports to be opened, and the descent of the piston

page_text: forces the water out on that side into the discharge chamber D. This action
is reversed as the piston ascends from the botton to the top of the cylinder.
Instead of being worked by hand my pumps may be driven by steam or
other power, a pulley, or toothed wheel, or friction gear being fastened to the
crank shaft.
It is not essential that the barrel should. work in a cistern, as a simple
framing provided with similar ports to those herein-before described in the
cistern, and communicating-with-a-supply and discharge may be substituted.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my improve-
ments in pumps constructing the working barrel in the form of a cylinder,
free to oscillate upon trunnions, and provided with ports or openings, which
work in harmony with corresponding ports in a tank, cistern, or framing, all
substantially in manner herein-before. described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Charles Wilson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of March, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-five.
JOHN C. WILSON. (L.S.)