Year: 1877

page_text: I MAURICE GANDY of Liverpool in the County of Lancaster seek leave to amend
the specification of Letters Patent, No. 1809 of 1877, as shown in red ink in the
copy of the original specification hereunto annexed:-
By inserting at page 2 line 24 after the letter A the words "that is to say that
"kind of Canvas known in the Market as American hard duck the canvas being
"used in layers," and by inserting in the Claim at page 3 line 11 after the letter B
the words of the kind hereinbefore described," and by striking out in the Claim
at page 3 line 12 after the letter C the words "or any combination thereof," and
by inserting in the Claim at page 3 line 12 after the letter D the word "mere."
My reasons for making this amendment are as follows:-
That I have since discovered that the description and claim of the Invention in
the said Specification are too general and I am desirous of more accurately defining
and limiting the same.
Dated this 19th day of May 1885.

page_text: Royal Courts of Justice:
DECISION.
Having heard Mr. Aston, Q.C., and Mr. Chadwyck Healey of Counsel for the
Applicant, and Mr. Macrory of Counsel for the Opponent, I am of opinion that
the proposed amendment will not make the Specification claim an invention sub-
stantially larger than or substantially different from the invention described in
the original Specification, and therefore I allow the Specification to be amended
in the manner proposed with the exception of the word "layers" in the additional
matter inserted between the words "woven" and "either" on line 24 page 2 of
the Queen's Printers' Copy of the said Specification, but I allow the words "more
"thicknesses than one to be substituted for the said word "layers."
Duted this 28th day of November 1885.
H. READER LACK,
Comptroller-General.

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Maurice Gandy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th May 1877.
MAURICE GANDY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster
AND APPERTAINING TO BELTS, OR BANDS FOR DRIVING MACHINERY"
"IMPROVEMENTS.IN
The object of my Invention is to manufacture belts, or bands for driving machinery
of cotton canvas that will not give out by stretching and are not detrimentally
affected by variations in the atmosphere, and at the same time are sufficiently
pliable to allow of their running round small pulleys without cracking."
In carrying out my Invertion I manufacture belts, or bands of cotton canvas, or
duck, hard woven, either in widths to suit the size of such belt, or band without
folding, or in wider widths folded up so as to form the necessary thicknesses, or plies,
or in part folded up and part made of separate thicknesses. The cotton canvas, or
duck is put together either by hand, or by folders, or guiders and formed into a belt
of the desired width and thickness and then stitched in rows of stitching, such
stitching being about half inch apart for the whole width of the belt. The belt, or
band so constructed is then soaked, or saturated in oil such as boiled linseed oil,
the oil being thinned by heat, or otherwise to facilitate saturation. Or a modifi-
cation may consist in soaking, or saturating with oil, such as linseed oil, the canvas,
or duck before it is made up into the belt. After such soaking, or saturation the
canvas is formed into the belt, or band by folding and stitching. After soaking, or
saturating, the belt, or the canvas, or duck, I pass it through rolls to squeeze out the
superfluous oil. The belt is then dried and painted. If the oiling is performed in.
the canvas, or duck before forming into the belt, I by preference dry. it before
stitching, after drying it is stitched and painted.
I would remark that I am perfectly aware that belts, or bands of cotton canvas,
or duck are not new, as such have been made by folding and sewing, the sewing
machine being used for such sewing and stitching. I am also aware that belts,
or bands have been made by weaving cotton into the form and thickness of
such belt and afterwards saturating such belt with oil, such as linseed oil. The
objection to the first, namely the folded belt, is that the same is not durable and is
detrimentally affected by variations in the atmosphere. The objection to the woven
saturated belts consists in their excessive elasticity, and their being of minimum
durability for when the selvage is cut, the whole belt is apt to give out.
A belt, or band constructed according to my Invention, of cotton canvas, or duck
woven hard is perfectly new as is also the saturating or soaking of such hard
woven cotton canvas belt, or band with oil such as linseed oil, and such constitutes
my Invention and is an entirely new article of manufacture and a belt, or band so
produced is pliable and of great durability and utility.
S
760

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Maurice Gandy in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th November
1877.
MAURICE GANDY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster
AND APPERTAINING TO BELTS, OR BANDS FOR DRIVING MACHINERY"
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
The object of my Invention is to manufacture belts, or bands for driving
machinery of cotton canvas that will not give out by stretching and which are
not detrimentally affected by variations in the atmosphere and at the same time
are sufficiently pliable to allow of their running round small pulleys without
cracking.
In carrying out my Invention I manufacture belts, or bands of cotton canvas, or
duck "hard woven," A that is to say that kind of Canvas known in the Market as
American hard duck the Canvas being used in more thicknesses than one either
in widths to suit the size of such belts, or bands without folding, or in wider
widths folded up so as to form the necessary thicknesses, or plies, or in part
folded up and part made of separate thicknesses. The cotton canvas, or duck
is put together either by hand, or by folders, or guiders and formed into a belt
of the desired width and thickness and then stitched with rows of stitching, such
rows of stitching being spaced about half an inch apart the whole width of the belt.
The belt, or band so constructed is then soaked, or saturated in oil, such as linseed
oil, either boiled, or raw or a mixture of such linseed oil with other oils, or spirits,
such oil or mixture being thinned, if necessary by heat, or spirit to facilitato
saturation.
A modification of my Invention consists in soaking, or saturating with oil, such
as boiled linseed oil, canvas, or duck before it is made up into the belt. After such
soaking, or saturation, the canvas is formed into the belt, or band by folding and
stitching with rows of stitching as before described.
After soaking, or saturating the belts, or bands, or the canvas or duck, before being
formed into the belt, or band, I pass it through rolls, or otherwise press it to squeeze
out the superfluous oil.
The belts, or bands are then racked to dry and afterwards painted, or they may
be used without being painted as preferred by the user, the paint being merely to
impart a finish. If the oiling is effected on the canvas, or duck before forming such
canvas, or duck into the belt I by preference dry it before stitching and after
drying it is stitched and painted.
I would remark that I am perfectly aware that belts, or bands of cotton canvas,
or duck are not new as such have been made previous to my Invention by folding
and sewing, the sewing machine being used for such sewing, or stitching. I myself
have manufactured and sold belts so made, for the last four years. I am also aware
that belts, or bands have been made by weaving cotton into the form and thickness
of such belt, or band and afterwards saturating such belt with oil, such as boiled

page_text: linseed oil. I myself have manufactured and sold belts so inade for the last three
years. The objection to the folded belt as heretofore made is that the same is not
durable and is detrimentally affected by variatious in the atmosphere. The objection
to the woven and oil saturated cotton belts consists in their excessive elasticity and
their being of minimum durability, for when the selvage is cut, the whole belt is apt
to give out.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my Invention
and shown how the same may be carried into effect, what I claim as the Invention
secured to me by the herein before in part recited Letters Patent is
Constructing Belts, or Bands for driving machinery of cotton canvas, or duck,
"woven hard "B of the kind herein before described, and stitched, and saturated,
or soaked with. oil such as linseed oil, C or-any-combination-thereof; as herein
described, or set forth, or any D mere modification thereof.
In Witness whereof, I, the said Maurice Gandy have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and seventy seven.
MAURICE
(L.S.)
GANDY.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Maurice Gandy, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPERTAINING TO BELTS OR BANDS
FOR DRIVING MACHINERY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Maurice Candy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th May 1877.
MAURICE GANDY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND APPERTAINING TO BELTS OR BANDS FOR DRIVING MACHINERY."
The object of my Invention is to manufacture belts or bands for driving machinery
of cotton canvas that will not give out by stretching, and are not detrimentally
affected by variations in the atmosphere, and at the same time are sufficiently
pliable to allow of their running round small pulleys without cracking.
In carrying out my Invention I manufacture belts or bands of cotton canvas, or
duck hard woven, either in widths to suit the size of such belt or band without
folding, or in wider widths folded up, so as to form the necessary thicknesses or plies, .
or in part folded up and part made of separate thicknesses. The cotton canvas or
duck is put together either by hand or by folders or guiders and formed into a belt
of the desired width and thickness, and then stitched in rows of stitching, such
stitching being about half-inch apart for the whole width of the belt. The belt or
band so constructed is then soaked or saturated in oil, such as boiled linseed oil,
the oil being thinned by heat or otherwise to facilitate saturation.
Or a modification may consist in soaking or saturating with oil, such as linseed
oil, the canvas or duck before it is made up into the belt;" after such soaking or
saturation the canvas is formed into the belt or band by folding and stitching.
After soaking or saturating the belt, or the canvas or duck, I pass it through rolls
to squeeze out the superfluous oil; the belt is then dried and painted. If the oiling
is performed in the canvas or duck before forming into the belt I by preference dry
it before stitching; after drying it is stitched and painted.
I would remark that I am perfectly aware that belts or bands of cotton, canvas,
or duck are not new, as such have been made by folding and sewing, the sewing"
machine being used for such sewing and stitching. I am also aware that belts.

page_text: or bands have been made by weaving cotton into the form and thickness of
such belt, and afterwards saturating such belt with oil, such as linseed oil. The
objection to the first, namely, the folded belt, is that the same is not durable and is
detrimentally affected by variations in the atmosphere. The objection to the
woven saturated belts consists in their excessive elasticity and their being of
minimum durability, for when the selvage is cut the whole belt is apt to give
out.
A belt or band constructed according to my Invention of cotton canvas or duck
woven hard is perfectly new; as is also the saturating or soaking of such hard-
woven cotton canvas belt or band with oil, such as linseed oil, and such constitutes
my Invention, and is an entirely new article of manufacture, and a belt or band so
produced is pliable and of great durability and utility.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Maurice Gandy in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th November
1877.
MAURICE GANDY, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
AND APPERTAINING TO BELTS OR BANDS FOR DRIVING MACHINERY."
The object of my Invention is to manufacture belts or bands for driving
machinery of cotton canvas that will not give out by stretching, and which are
not detrimentally affected by variations in the atmosphere, and at the same time
are sufficiently pliable to allow of their running round small pulleys without
cracking.
In carrying out my Invention I manufacture belts or bands of cotton canvas or
duck "hard woven," either in widths to suit the size of such belts or bands without
folding, or in wider widths folded up, so as to form the necessary thicknesses or
plies, or in part folded up and part made of separate thicknesses. The cotton
canvas or duck is put together either by hand or by folders or guiders, and
formed into a belt of the desired width and thickness, and then stitched with
rows of stitching, such rows of stitching being spaced about half an inch apart the
whole width of the belt. The belt or band so constructed is then soaked or saturated
in oil, such as linseed oil, either boiled or raw, or a mixture of such linseed oil with
other oils or spirits, such oil or mixture being thinned, if necessary, by heat or spirits
to facilitate saturation.
A modification of my Invention consists in soaking or saturating with oil, such
as boiled linseed oil, canvas or duck before it is made up into the belt; after such
soaking or saturation the canvas is formed into the belt or band by folding and
stitching with rows of stitching, as before described. After soaking or saturating
the belts or bands, or the canvas or duck, before being formed into the belt or band I
pass it through rolls, or otherwise press it, to squeeze out the superfluous oil. The
belts or bands are then racked to dry and afterwards painted, or they may be used
without being painted, as preferred by the user, the paint being merely to impart a
finish. If the oiling is effected on the canvas or duck before forming such canvas
or duck into the belt, I, by preference, dry it before stitching, and after drying it is
stitched and painted.
I would remark that I am perfectly aware that belts or bands of cotton canvas
or duck are not new, as such have been made previous to my Invention by folding
and sewing, the sewing machine being used for such sewing or stitching. I myself,
have manufactured and sold belts so made for the last four years. I am also aware
that belts or bands have been made by weaving cotton into the form and thickness
of such belt or band, and afterwards saturating such belt with oil, such as boiled
linseed oil, I, myself, have manufactured and sold belts so made for the last three
.

page_text: years. The objection to the folded belt, as heretofore made, is that the same is not
durable and is detrimentally affected by variations in the atmosphere. The objection
to the woven and oil saturated cotton belts consists in their excessive elasticity and
their being of minimum durability, for when the selvage is cut the whole belt is apt
to give out.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my Invention
and shown how the same may be carried into effect, what I claim as the Invention.
secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, constructing
belts or bands for driving machinery of cotton canvas or duck "woven hard," and
stiched and saturated or soaked with oil, such as linseed oil, or any combination
thereof, as herein described or set forth, or any modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Maurice Gandy, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
MAURICE (LS.) GANDY.