Improvements in Brick-presses.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 16th July, 1896-Accepted, 26th Sept.. 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brick-presses.
We, ROBERT TIGLER and WILHELM SURMANN, Engineers, both of Meiderich
near Ruhrort, Rhenish Prussia, Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Our invention relates to dry-stuff brick-presses, and its objects are the
following: First, to give from above and from below an equal and simultaneous
pressure on the stuff in the mould, secondly, that before exerting the effect of
this pressure, an intermediate press-plate can be shifted away from the upper die
or piston for a determinated period so as to get a lift-space for said upper pistons
and the bridge-piece they are fixed to; thirdly, to provide means for effecting a
quick lift of said upper pistons out of the mould, in order to ensure the quick
pushing out from below of the pressed bricks by the lower pistons, and the refilling
of the mould immediately after a quick downward return of said lower pistons.
In order to realise these purposes we construct the press with a special system of
cams, excentrics and levers which actuate the lower pistons upwards for pushing out
the brick and downwards for the refilling of the mould, by moving downward the
cross beam supporting the pistons on two side-columns on which it slides, and we
construct another special system of cams excentrics and levers actuating quickly
and in the right moment the upper pistons, independently from the toggle-lever
action of the press, and within the framing of the pressing cross-head; and we
arrange a third set of cams and levers actuating the intermediate press-plate in
shifting it from or inserting it between the bridge-piece and the pressing cross-head.
The filling of the moulds is done in the known manner by a sliding plate,
moving under a filling trough with a transporter in it, and being actuated by a
cam disc and rod. The final pressure is then given by the toggle-lever arrange-
ment simultaneously from above and from below on the pistons transmitting it to
the stuff in the moulds.
The accompanying drawing represents the press, aud
Fig. 1 shows a vertical section of the machine.
Fig. 2 shows a front view of the same.
The motion is transmitted to the press by the pulleys A³, driving a set of gear-
wheels B C D E turning a crank-axle F; connecting rods G actuate crank-levers H
swinging on an axle H2, fixed in the standard frame A. Links J and K, connected
to levers H by bolts J and K and to a vertically movable cross-beam N and a
vertically-guided cross-head M¹ by bolts L and M respectively, form a system
of toggle-levers, giving to said cross-head M' and to cross-beam N opposite,
equal and simultaneous oscillation, as is easily understood in following the dotted
lines in Fig. 1, which show that the centres of bolts J and K reach the extreme
positions of their path when they both are in the same vertical line with the
centre of axle H2.
The vertical oscillations of cross-beam N are transmitted by two side-rods O,
guided in the bores of frame A, to the lower cross-beam P, which takes a seat
on the nuts O' at the lower ends of rods O, and is movable upwards on the latter
This cross beam P carries the lower pistons which enter into a fixed table E
of the frame and are capable of moving up and down in the moulds S contained
therein.

page_text: The link-bolt M presses down the cross-head M' in its guides between the
frame-standards simultaneously with and in the same measure as bolt L is lifting.
The upper pistons R, fixed to the cross-head's bridge-piece A¹ and movable
vertically in it, are pressed into the moulds S when the intermediate pressing
plate V is inserted and kept in place between the bridge-piece A¹ and the body of
the cross-head M' during the pressing effect.
As soon as the pressure has taken place, a two-armed lever U, swinging on
axle U2 fixed between the framing standards, is actuated by a cam T moving a
roller U at the end of one arm of lever U and so, by a connecting link U³ shifts,
out of its vertical position, the pressing-plate V hinged at V into the one shown
in dotted line at V, disengaging thereby the bridge-piece A'; the latter with its
upper pistons R is then free to be lifted promptly by action of cam W, which,
pressing down roller X at end of lever Y swinging on axle X, lifts, by rollers Y
working in suitable housings of rods Z guided in the lower cross-beam P, the said
bridge-piece A¹.
The lower pistons Q then are actuated by cam B' through the interposition of
rollers C at the ends of levers D' turning on said axle X and reaching with
their other ends and roller D held thercon, into a suitable pocket of lower cross-
bean P, lift the latter quickly away from the nuts O₁ on the rods O, and thereby
lift the lower pistons standing thereon, to a height that the- top-surfaces of
pistons exactly come flush with the surface of table E.
Then another cam GG actuates roller F' at the end of a rod of box H¹ so,
that the latter sliding on table E¹, pushes first the brick thrown out of the mould,
away from the table; and as meanwhile the lower pistons Q with cross-beam P
have returned to their lowest position, the filling of the moulds by box H is
accomplished immediately after. The necessary material is falling into the front
part, open at top, of box H¹ from a transporter J placed above the table E', and
closed afterwards by the upper back-plate of box H'.
As soon as the filling-box H¹ has then returned into its original position shown
in Fig. 1, the bridge-piece A' holding the upper pistons Q, sinks down quickly,
the cam W, levers Y and rods Z allowing their descent, and the intermediate
press-plate V is then moved into its vertical position by the connection of rod U³,
lever U¹ with roller U worked by cam T.
Then the lever H is pulled downwards by connecting rod G and crank F, and
when they approach their lowest point, increasing pressure is exerted upon the two
pistons R and Q simultaneously and with equal force.
It is obvious that by the arrangement of the insertion of press-plate V it is
rendered possible to accelerate the downward as well as the ascending movement
of the upper pistons independently from the regular movements of the toggle-lever
system without uncoupling the latter.
By using the double acting and opposite movement away from each other of
bolts L and M, the frame A is relieved of the pressing strain and the rods O and
the strong cross-beams N and P take up the whole thrust of the pistons, and the
relatively small distance travelled by said bolts gives a favorable toggle-lever
pressure for both the upper and lower pistons at one and the same time.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare, that what we
claim is :
1. A brick-press, by which a simultaneous and equal toggle-lever pressure is
exerted from above and from below on the stuff in the moulds, consisting of a
double crank-lever H oscillating on axle H2, connecting links J and K with
bolts L and M above and below respectively, forming together a double toggle-
lever system actuating by its upwards pressure a cross-beain N and by its down-
wards pressure a cross-head M'; said cross-beam N transmitting its upward
movement by side rods O to a cross-beam P carrying the lower dies or pistons Q.
2. In a brick-press as claimed in Claim One fixing the upper pistons under a

page_text: bridge-piece A¹ movable in cross-head M' and capable of an up and down move-
ment independently from cross-head M' by shifting out of its way an intercalated
press-plate V, actuated by cam T, lever U on axle U2 and rod Us
3. In a brick-press as specified in Claims One and Two lifting the upper pistons
independently from the movements of cross-head M' and toggle-levers H, J, K,
by rods Z guided in table E and in lower cross-beam P and operated at their
lower ends by levers Y swinging on axle X' and worked by rollers X actuated by
cam W.
4. In a brick-press as specified in Claims One to Three, lifting the lower pistons Q
independently from the motion derivated from toggle-levers H, J, K, by means of
a cam B' and rollers C' at the end of levers D', reaching with their other end into
a cavity of the cross-beam P that supports the pistons Q.
Dated this 4th day of July 1896
ROBERT TIGLER,
WILHELM SURMANN,
Per Karl J. Mayer,
Agent.