IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMPOSITION OF JOURNAL AND OTHER BEARINGS communicated him
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark of the firm of A M and W
Clark of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agents,
for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE COMPOSITION OF JOURNAL AND
OTHER BEARINGS communicated to him from abroad by Ferdinand Eugene
Canda, of the City, County and State of New York, United States of
America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th November 1882.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the firm of A. M and W. Clark of 53 Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex Patent Agents "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
COMPOSITION OF JOURNAL AND OTHER BEARINGS [communicated to him from
abroad by Ferdinand Eugene Canda, of the City, County and State of New York,
United States of America.
"
This Invention has for its object the production of an improved anti-friction
bearing for journals and other moving parts of machinery, that is a bearing by
which the friction and wear of the moving parts in contact will be greatly reduced.
The Invention consists in a bearing composed of a metallic compound or alloy in
the form of an amalgam, with or without other substances held in mechanical
combination substantially us hereinafter described.
To carry the Invention into practical elect, I take any of the well known metals
or alloys used for forming bearings and which will amalgamate with mercury, such
as bronze or copper tin lead and antimony, either separately or in the form of a
metallic compound, and reduce the said inetals or alloys to a powder in any
suitable crushing and pulverizing mill. If the metals are separately pulverized,
they are then mixed together in any desired proportions. I then add to the
pulverized metallic masses or mixtures about an equal amount in weight of mercury,
that is to say, to 100 parts in weight of the pulverized metallic mass or mixture I add
about 100 parts of mercury. This is done in any suitable vessel or mixer and the
mercury thoroughly stirred up with the pulverized metals to bring the whole mass

page_text: to an amalgam artificial heat say of 280° Fahrenheit being used, if desired, to
hasten the operation. Said amalagam while in a plastic state is then removed to
a mold or molds of the required shape of the bearing to be produced and pressure
applied to give it form and expel all superfluous mercury, after which the amalgam
bearing is allowed to harden, when it is ready for use.
A bearing thus produced will be found to have very superior anti-friction
properties, the mercury contained in it being a most important factor, in fact,
a prime one. It may however be still further improved, if desired, by adding to
the pulverized metals or metallic mixtures, during the hereinbefore described
process of making the bearing, a certain amount of pulverized graphite, say from
5 to 10 parts in weight, to either of the pulverized metallic mixtures herein before
named, and well mixing the same with the pulverized metals before the amal-
gamation takes place and subsequently subjecting the whole mass to pressure and
allowing it to harden as before described. Such graphite, although only
mechanically combined with the amalgam, will by its well known properties,
give a self lubricating or greasy, soft and smooth-character to the bearing. Other
-lubricating substances, such-as-mica or-soap-stone, might be mechanically combined
with the amalgam in like manner.
By tempering the pressure applied to the amalgamated mass while in the molds,
the amount of mercury retained in the mass may be regulated as required.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th May 1883.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK of the Firm of A, M, and W, Clark of 53 Chancery
Lane in the County of Middlesex Patent Agents "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
A communication to me from
abroad by Ferdinand Eugene Canda, of the City, County, and State of New York,
United States of America.
COMPOSITION OF JOURNAL AND OTHER BEARINGS.
This Invention has for its object the production of an improved anti-friction
bearing for journals and other moving parts of machinery, that is a bearing by
which the friction and wear of the moving parts in contact will be greatly reduced.
The Invention consists in a bearing composed of a metallic compound or alloy in
the form of an amalgam, with or without other substances held in mechanical
combination substantially as hereinafter described.
To carry the Invention into practical effect, I take any of the well known metals
or alloys used for forming bearings and which will amalgamate with mercury, such
as bronze or copper, tin, lead and antimony, either separately or in the form of a
metallic compound, and reduce the said metals or alloys to a powder in any suitable
crushing and pulverizing mill. If the metals are separately pulverized, they are
then mixed together in any desired proportions. I then add to the pulverized
metallic masses or mixtures, about an equal amount in weight of mercury, that is
to say, to 100 parts in weight of the pulverized metallic inass or mixture I add
about 100 parts of mercury. This is done in any suitable vessel or mixer, and the
mercury thoroughly stirred up with the pulverized metals to bring the whole mass
to an amalgam, artificial heat, say of 280° Fahrenheit being used, if desired, to
hasten the operation. Said amalgam while in a plastic state is then removed to
a mould or moulds of the required shape of the bearing to be produced and pressure
applied to give it form and expel all superfluous mercury, after which the amalgam
bearing is allowed to harden, when it is ready for use.
A bearing thus produced will be found to have. very superior anti-friction
properties, the mercury contained in it being a most important factor, in fact a
prime one. It may however be still further improved, if desired, by adding to
the pulverized metals or metallic mixtures, during the herein before described
process of making the bearing, a certain amount of pulverized graphite, say from
5 to 10 parts in weight, to either of the pulverized metallic mixtures herein before
named, and well mixing the same with the pulverized metals before the amal-
gamation takes place, and subsequently subjecting the whole mass to pressure and
allowing it to harden as before described. Such graphite, although only
mechanically combined with the amalgam, will by its well known properties,
give a self lubricating or greasy, soft and smooth character to the bearing. Other
lubricating substances, such as mica or soap stone, might be mechanically combined
with the amalgam in like manner
By tempering the pressure applied to the amalgamated mass while in the moulds,
the amount of mercury retained in the mass may be regulated as required.
Having described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of performing
the same I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected-by-the
hereinbefore in part recited Letters Patent is.
1st A journal, or other bearing, composed of mercury and other suitable metals
amalgamated therewith, substantially as specified.
5.

page_text: 2nd A journal, or other bearing, composed of mercury and other suitable metals
amalgamated therewith, and a lubricating substance mechanically combined with
the amalgam, essentially as set forth.
In witness whereof I the said Alexander Melville Clark have hereunto set
my hand and seal this eleventh day of May AD 1883.
3г