Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Coating with Gum, Size, Paste, Varnish, or the like, or Printing Upon, Paper or other Flexible Material in Continuous Lengths.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Mar., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 29th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 4th Feb., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Coating with Gum,
Size, Paste, Varnish, or the like, or Printing Upon, Paper or
other Flexible Material in Continuous Lengths.
I, WILLIAM BREWER SILVERLOCK, of 29, Ludgate Hill, in the City of
London, Printer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
My invention relates to machinery or apparatus by which the surface of paper,
cloth, or other sufficiently flexible material, is covered with a coating of gum, size,
paste, varnish, or the like, or is printed upon by printing cylinders in the usual well
known way.
It has for its object novel methods of constructing, arranging, and
actuating the parts of such machinery by which a continuous roll of paper or other
material can be treated, whilst the process is rapid, inexpensive and effectual, and
the machinery simple and easily worked and kept in order.
In order to put my invention in operation, supposing that it is to be applied to
gumming, sizing, or varnishing, the surface of paper, I use the paper in the form of
a continuous roll of great length, tightly wound upon a spindle or drum, by which
it can be readily moved from place to place, and the ends of which are arranged to
fit in suitable bearings in the frame of the machine.
Across the machine, below the axis carrying the roll of paper as described, I
arrange a transverse cylinder revolving in bearings in the frame of the machine,
and I make these bearings capable of rising and falling so that the cylinder is con-
stantly pressed up toward or against the lower surface of the roll of paper above,
by the action of weighted levers or cords or chains passing over pullies and carrying
weights at their ends.
The lower part of the cylinder revolves in a trough containing the solution of
gum (or other substance) which is to be applied to the paper, and is also carried
by the bearings of the cylinder so that it rises and falls with the latter. Or it may
be made moveable and be supported in a frame which is carried by the said
bearings.
The surface of the cylinder may be covered with a brush or other suitable
material by which the solution of gum is applied to the surface of the paper, and it
is preferably caused to revolve by means of an endless band or cord driven by
means of a suitable driving pulley and kept tight by a weight or spring.
The shaft or axle carrying the roll of paper is also made to revolve by means of
a driving belt or cord, which is preferably made to pass round conical drums, by
moving it along which the speed of the surface of the paper may be kept constant
as the diameter of the roll decreases. Or such band or cord and conical drums may
be used between the main driving shaft and the shaft which drives the roll of paper,
and the band or cord may be moved automatically or by hand as the speed of the
roll spindle is required to increase as the diameter of the roll diminishes.
After passing over the cylinder or roller by which the gum or other solution is
applied to the lower side of the roll of paper, the paper is pressed by a cleaning
roller or bar which does not revolve but can be adjusted so as to press with the
required force against the roll.
This cleaning roller or bar is carried upon the end of a weighted lever or slide, so
that it is kept constantly pressed with uniform force against the roll, as the size of
the latter diminishes. After leaving this cylinder the revolving roll carries forward
the gummed paper until the latter is separated from the top of the roll and is led
forward horizontally or nearly so until it enters one end of a box or chamber along
which it passes between a series of pipes containing hot water, hot air, or steam,

page_text: above, and a similar series below, and after passing through which it leaves the
chamber through a narrow opening. An exhausting fan is preferably connected
with this chamber by means of openings at different parts of the length of the latter,
and withdraws the moist and damp air and steam so that the paper is quickly dried.
After leaving the chamber, the paper may be led forward over rollers and further
dried, and is then led to a roller round which it is wound, the roller being made to
revolve at such a speed that it draws forward and winds the paper uniformly and
evenly, and without injuring it by too great strain upon it.
For this purpose the roller might be driven by a band or cord and conical pullies
adjusted automatically or by hand as already described, or other well known devices
for the same purpose may be used.
Instead of being finally wound upon a roller the gummed paper may be further
dried by being hung in folds for a sufficient time in a suitable drying room.
When required for use, the gummed paper may be cut into sheets of any required
size by hand or by cutting machinery.
It will be seen that by my invention the gum solution is applied to the surface of
the paper whilst the latter is in a continuous roll, and great simplicity and efficiency
are thus obtained.
It is evident that other sufficiently flexible material as well as paper may be
used, and that if size is used instead of gum it may be kept hot in the trough in
which the gumming cylinder or brush revolves.
Also, if instead of a gumming cylinder or brush revolving in a trough, a suitable
printing cylinder be used, the surface of the roll of paper or other material may be
printed upon instead of being gummed or varnished or the like.
In such case,
suitable inking cylinders would be arranged to ink the printing cylinder in the usual
way.
The details of construction and method of arrangement of the parts of the
improved machinery or apparatus, as well as their proportions and the materials of
which they are made may be varied more or less according to the purpose for
which the machines are to be used, and the circumstances in which they are to be
worked.
Dated this 20th dow of Manh 1800
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Coating with Gum,
Size, Paste, Varnish, or the like, or Printing Upon, Paper or
other Flexible Material in Continuous Lengths.
I, William BREWER SILVERLOCK, of 29, Ludgate Hill, in the City of
London, Printer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying drawing, that is to say :-
My invention relates to machinery or apparatus by which the surface of paper,
cloth, or other sufficiently flexible material, is covered with a coating of gum, size,
paste, varnish, or the like, or is printed upon by printing cylinders in the usual well
known way. It has for its object novel methods of constructing, arranging, and
actuating the parts of such machinery by which a continuous roll of paper or other
material can be treated, whilst the process is rapid, inexpensive, and effectual, and
the machinery simple and easily worked and kept in order.
The accompanying drawing is in illustration of my invention.
Figure 1 is a side view of the improved apparatus.
Figure 2 illustrates the same machine on a smaller scale with the drying apparatus
added to it.

page_text: In order to put my invention in operation, supposing that it is to be applied
to gumming, sizing, or varnishing the surface of paper, I use the paper in the
form of a continuous roll a (Figure 1) of great length, tightly wound upon a
spindle or drum, by which it can be readily moved from place to place, and the
ends of which are arranged to fit in suitable bearings in the frame of the
machine.
Across the machine, below the axis carrying the roll of paper a as described, I
arrange a transverse cylinder c revolving in bearings in the frame of the machine
or (as shewn in the drawing) in the sides of a box or frame d which can rise and
fall in guides e. This frame d also carries bearings for a third roller / arranged
below or in contact with the roller c so that the latter can be constantly pressed up
toward or against the lower surface of the roll of paper above, by the action of
weighted levers y, which press up the frame d and the rollers f and c, or by cords or
chains passing over pullies and carrying weights at their ends.
C
The lower part of the cylinder f revolves in the trough carried by the framed,
and containing the solution of gum (or other substance) which is to be applied to
the paper, so that it rises and falls with the cylinders e aud f. The surface of one
or both of the cylinders c and f may be covered with a brush or other suitable
fibrous or other material by which the solution of gum is applied to the surface of
the paper on the roll a, and they are preferably caused to revolve by means of an
endless band or cord driven by means of a suitable driving pulley (not shewn in the
drawing) and kept tight by a weight or spring,
The shaft or axle carrying the roll of paper a is also made to revolve by means
of a driving, belt or cord which is preferably made to pass round conical drums of
the well known kind, by moving it along which the speed of the surface of the
paper may be kept constant as the diameter of the roll a decreases. Or such band
or cord and conical drums may be used between the main driving shaft and the
shaft which drives the roll of paper, and the band or cord may be moved automati-
cally or by hand as the speed of the roll spindle is required to increase as the
diameter of the roll diminishes.
After passing over the cylinder or roller c by which the gum or other solution is
applied to the lower side of the roll of paper a, the paper is pressed by a cleaning
roller or bar i which does not revolve but can be adjusted so as to press with the
required force against the roll a.
For this purpose the cleaning roller or bar i is shewn carried upon the end of a
weighted lever k or slide, so that it is kept constantly pressed with uniform force
against the roll a, as the size of the latter diminishes. After leaving this cylinder
or bar i the revolving roll a carries forward the gummed paper until the latter is
separated from the top of the roll and is led forward horizontally or nearly so, as
shewn at 1, until it enters one end of a box or chamber m (Figure 2) along which
it passes between a series of pipes n containing hot water, hot air, or steam, above,
and a similar series below, after passing through which it leaves the chamber m
through a narrow opening at o. An exhausting fan で is preferably connected with
this chamber by means of openings at different parts of the length of the latter, and
withdraws the moist and damp air and steam.
Or, as shewn, air may be admitted through adjustable openings r, and is drawn
away by the fan at p so that the paper is quickly dried.
After leaving the chamber m, the paper may be led forward over rollers and
further dried, and is then led to a roller s round which it is wound, this roller being
made to revolve at such a speed that it draws forward and winds the paper
uniformly and evenly, and without injuring it by too great strain upon it.
For this purpose the roller may be driven by a band or cord, and conical pullies
adjusted automatically or by hand as already described, or other well known devices
for the same purpose may be used.
Instead of being finally wound upon a roller the gummed paper may be further
dried by being hung in folds for a sufficient time in a suitable drying room.

page_text: When required for use, the gummed paper may be cut into sheets of any required
size by hand or by cutting machinery.
Where two sheets of paper or other material are to be treated with gum or other
substances, and then pressed together, the lower sheet is treated by the apparatus
shewn in Figure 1, and the upper sheet is supplied from a roller similar to a, the
sheet being led away from the lower side of the roll, and the upper side of the latter
being gummed by means of a sufficient number of rollers in contact with each other,
and the first of them being also in contact with a roller revolving in a trough
containing the gum or other fluid.
I prefer however to use the arrangement illustrated in Figure 3, in which the
gumming devices are similar for both the upper and lower sheets, the upper one
being carried down and round guide rollers and then brought back with its gummed
surface, which is then below, in contact with the upper gummed surface of the
lower sheet. The two sheets as they are drawn forward are then pressed together
between pressing rollers u, u.
A third sheet from a continuous roll may be
introduced between the other two.
It will be seen that the essential feature of my invention is that the gnm or other
solution is applied to the surface of the paper whilst the latter is in a continuous
tightly wound roll, and great simplicity efficiency, and cleanliness, are thus
attained.
It is evident that other sufficiently flexible material as well as paper may be used,
and that if "size" is used instead of gum it may be kept hot in the trough in which
the gumming cylinder or brush revolves, by means of gas or other heat.
Also, if instead of a gumming cylinder or brush c a suitable printing, cylinder be
used, the surface of the roll of paper or other material may be printed upon instead
of being gummed or varnished or the like. In such case, suitable inking cylinders
would be arranged to ink the printing cylinder in the usual way.
The details of construction and method of arrangement of the parts of the
improved machinery or apparatus as well as their proportions and the materials of
which they are made may be varied more or less according to the purpose for which
the machines are to be used, and the circumstances in which they are to be worked.
For instance, the roll a may be made to rise and fall, instead of the rollers c
and f.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
--
1. The machinery or apparatus for treating the surface of paper or other flexible
material with gum, size, paint, varnish, or the like, such paper or other material
being in a long length tightly wound upon a drum or cylinder, substantially as
described and illustrated.
2. The machinery or apparatus for printing upon paper or other flexible material,
in a long length tightly wound upon a drum or cylinder, substantially as
described.
3. The combination with the machinery or apparatus described and claimed
in Claims 1 and 2, of the drying chamber m described and illustrated in
Figure 2.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.