IMPROVEMENTS IN THE HEATING AND COOLING SURFACES OF ENGINES PROPELLED BY AERIFORM FLUIDS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Marc Antoine François Mennons, of the British and
Foreign Patent Offices, 30, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empire of
France, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE HEATING AND COOLING
SURFACES OF ENGINES PROPELLED BY AERIFORM FLUIDS."-A communication
from Auguste Casimir Lehot, residing at Valognes.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Maro Antoine François
Mennons at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 11th February 1861.
I, MARC ANTOINE FRANÇOIS MENNONS, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 39, Rue de l'Echequier, Paris, in the Empire of France, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
HEATING AND COOLING SURFACES OF ENGINES PROPELLED BY AERIFORM FLUIDS," to
be as follows:-
The Invention consists in the application of metallic gauze or web to the
heating and cooling surfaces of stean, air, ether, and other vapour engines
with a view to obtain a more rapid diffusion of caloric than by the tubular
and other analogous arrangements at present employed. To this end the
metallic web or gauze is secured to the heating or cooling surfaces by any of
the known processes, in such a position as to be constantly in contact with the
aeriform fluid or with the liquid to be vaporised, as the case may be.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Marc Antoine François Mennons in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th August 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MARC
ANTOINE FRANÇOIS MENNONS, of the British and Foreign Patent Offices, 39,
Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empire of France, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Marc Antoine François Mennons, Her special licence that T, the said
Marc Antoine François Mennons, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Marc Antoine François Mennons, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE HEATING AND COOLING SURFACES OF ENGINES
PROPELLED BY AERIPORM FLUIDS," (a communication from Auguste Casimir
Lehot, a person resident at Valognes,) upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Marc Antoine François Mennons, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Marc Antoine François Mennons, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in the application of metallic gauze or web to the
heating and cooling surfaces of steam, air, ether, and other vapor engines with
a view to obtain a more rapid diffusion of caloric than by the tubular and
other analogous arrangements as at present generally employed. To this end
the metallic web or gauze is secured to the heating or cooling surfaces by any
of the known processes, in such a position as to be constantly in contact with
the aeriform fluid or with the liquid to be vaporised, as the case may be.
Thus, for instance, in an application to locomotive engines the boiler tubes

page_text: are surrounded by the metallic gauze warped several times over itself, so as to
form a series of spiral layers. The heat of the furnace transmitted to the
tubes passes from thence to the gauze spirals, and to the water with which
their interstices are filled, which water being heated rises to give place to a
fresh supply. In ordinary stationary boilers a series of metallic webs folded
over on themselves are set along the inner surfaces of the boiler tube
("bouilleur "), so that the caloric passing through the sides of the latter is
rapidly absorbed by the water and superposed webs. In flat-sided boilers the
sheets of metallic gauze are fixed in any required number along the internal
heating surfaces. The same system is followed in the application to cooling
and condensing surfaces, the mode of attachment being varied according to
the form and general construction of the apparatus.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner of
carrying it into effect, I declare that what I claim is the application, substan-
tially as above laid down, of metallic gauze or web to the heating and cooling
surfaces of engines propelled by aeriform fluids as a means of obtaining a more
rapid diffusion of caloric, than by the tubular and other analogous arrange-
ments as at present generally employed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Marc Antoine François Mennons, have
hereto set my hand and seal, this Third day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
C
MENNONS