A NEW OR IMPROVED DRESS FASTENING, WHICH SAID FASTENING IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE FASTENING OF BANDS AND BELTS, AND TO OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT. to Joseph Horatio Cutler, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "A NEW OR
IMPROVED DRESS FASTENING, WHICH SAID FASTENING IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO
THE FASTENING OF BANDS AND BELTS, AND TO OTHER LIKE PURPOSES."
Sealed the 1st March 1864, and dated the 8th September 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Horatio Cutler at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th September 1868.
I, JOSEPH HORATIO CUTLER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
NEW OR IMPROVED DRESS FASTENING, WHICH SAID FASTENING IS ALSO APPLICABLE
TO THE FASTENING OF BANDS AND BELTS, AND TO OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists of a dress fastening made of wire to be used in place
of the ordinary hook-and-eye, and for such other purposes as it is or may be
applicable to. The said fastening consists of two parts which I will call
respectively the hook and the eye. The hook consists of a piece of wire bent
into a nearly circular form near its middle the parts of the wire on either side
the said bent part lying parallel and close together. The ends of the wire are
bent into loops for passing the thread through in attaching it to the article of
dress or other article it is employed to fasten. The eye consists of a piece of

page_text: wire bent at its middle. The extremity of the bent part is nearly semicircular,
the said semicircular part passing into a nearly elliptical part, the longer
diameter of the elliptical part being at right angles to the longest direction of
this part of the fastening. From the elliptical part the two portions of the
wire are parallel, and terminate in loops for the reception of the thread in
sewing it on the garment or other article it is employed to fasten; the two
parts of the fastening are attached to the two parts of the article to be fastened,
and in connecting the said two parts of the fastening the circular part of the
hook is passed through the elliptical part of the eye by making the plane of
one part inclined slightly to the plane of the other part. After the introduction
of the hook into the eye by bringing the two parts into the same plane they
become secured together. In unfastening the parts it is only necessary to incline
them to one another in the direction of their length when the hook may be
removed from the eye. The extremity of both the hook and eye is slightly
inclined to the other part, by which means the fastening is very nearly flat
when the two parts. are connected together. No twisting action is required
either in connecting or disconnecting the parts of my new or improved
fastening.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Horatio Cutler in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 5th March 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPII
HORATIO CUTLER, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer,
send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me;
the said Joseph Horatio Cutler, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph
Horatio Cutler, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Joseph Horatio Cutler, my executors, administrators; and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "A NEW OR IMPROVED DRESS FASTENING, WHICH AID FASTENING IS ALSO

page_text: APPLICABLE TO THE FASTENING OF BANDS AND BELTS, AND TO OTHER LIKE PURPOSES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Horatio Cutler,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent. .
-
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Horatio Cutler, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of a dress fastening made of wire to be used in place
of the ordinary hook and eye, and for such other purposes as it is or may be
applicable to. The said fastening consists of two parts, which I will call
respectively the hook and the eye. The hook consists of a piece of wire bent
into a nearly circular form near its middle, the parts of the wire on either
side the said bent part lying parallel and close together. The ends of the wire
are bent into loops for passing the thread through in attaching the part of the
fastening to the article of dress or other article it is employed to fasten. The eye
consists of a piece of wire bent at its middle. The extremity of the bent part
is nearly semicircular, the said semicircular part passing into a nearly elliptical
part, the longer diameter of the elliptical part being at right angles to the
longest direction of this part of the fastening. From the elliptical part the
two portions of the wire are parallel, and terminate in loops for the reception
of the thread in sewing it on the garment or other article it is employed to
fasten. The two parts of the fastening are attached to the two parts of the
article to be fastened, and in connecting the said two parts of the fastening
the nearly circular part of the hook is passed through the elliptical part of the
eye by making the plane of one part inclined slightly to the plane of the other
part. After the introduction of the hook into the eye by bringing the two
parts into the same plane they become secured together. In unfastening the
parts it is only necessary to incline them to one another in the direction of
their length when the hook may be removed from the eye. The extremity
of both the hook and eye is slightly inclined to the other part, by which
means the fastening is very nearly flat, when the two parts are connected
together. No twisting action is required either in connecting or disconnecting
the parts of my new or improved fastening.
Having explained the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to describe,

page_text: with reference to the accompanying Drawing, the manner in which the same
is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in plan and edge view the eye part of my new or im-
proved dress fastening, and Figure 2 represents in plan and edge view the hook
part of the said fastening; Figures 3 and 4 represent respectively the eye and
hook parts connected to the opposite edges of a portion of a dress to be
fastened together; Figure 5 represents the hook and eye connected together,
and Figure 6 is an edge view of the same.
The Figures in the accompanying Drawing are drawn double the size I
prefer to make the parts for a dress fastening. The same letters, indicate
the same parts in the several Figures.
The hook part of the fastening is marked a, and the eye part is marked b,
in the Drawing, and the two portions of the dress, to which they are respec-
tively connected are marked c, d. The hook a consists of a piece of wire bent
at e, into a nearly circular or elliptical figure. The parts ƒ of .the wire pro-
ceeding from the said part e, lying parallel, and close together. The ends of
the wire-are bent into loops g, g, by which the part of the fastening is sewn
to the dress c. The part e is slightly bent out of the plane of the parts f, g,
as represented.in Figures 2 and 6. The eye part b, consists of a piece of
wire bent at h into a shape nearly resembling the part e, of the hook a but
of somewhat greater diameter. The extremity i of the elliptical part'h is
semicircular, the said part i passing into the said elliptical part h, the longer
diameter of the part h being at right angles to the longest direction of the part b
of the fastening. From the part h the two portions of the wire at k are parallel,
and terminate in loops 1, through which the thread is passed in attaching the
eye to the dress d. The eye b is not flat but is slightly bent from the loops
to the termination i, as seen in the edge views, Figures 1 and 6. In con-
necting the two parts a, b, of the fastening together, the hook part a is slightly
inclined to the plane of the eye part b, and the part e of the hook part passed
from the under side through the elliptical part h of the eye. After the intro-
duction of the part e, into the part h, they are brought into nearly the same
plane when the part f, of the said hook engages with the semicircular part i
of the eye, and the two parts of the fastening are securely connected together.
The manner in which the hook a engages with and bears upon the eye b
will be readily understood by referring to Figures 5 and 6, so long as the two
parts of the fastening are in the same or nearly the same plane as represented
in the Drawing, the two parts of the fastening will remain connected together.
By the slightly cranked form of the hook at e, and the curved form of the eye
b, the parts of the fastening are very nearly flat when connected together.

page_text: In unfastening the parts a and b it is only necessary to incline them to one
another so as to make the part f of the hook move from out of the part i of
the eye, the part e can then be drawn through and removed from the part h.
No twisting action is required either in connecting or disconnecting the parts
of the fastening.
Although I have only described and represented my Invention as used for
fastening the parts of a dress for which it is especially applicable, yet my
Invention may also be applied to the fastening of belts, bands, and for other
like purposes. My new or improved fastening may be manufactured by
machinery similar in all essential respects to the machinery used for
manufacturing ordinary hooks and eyes.
Having now described the nature of my Invention and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not
limit myself to the precise details herein described and represented, as the
same may be varied without departing from the nature of my Invention, but
I claim as my Invention a new or improved fastening for fastening dresses,
bands, belts, and for other like purposes, the parts of which are made of wire,
and are constructed essentially in the manner herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Horatio Cutler, have hereunto set
my band and seal, this Fourth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
JOSEPH HORATIO CUTLER. (I.S.)
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Show,
Birmingham.