IMPROVEMENTS IN; UTILIZING WASTE PRODUCTS OF CHEMICAL WORKS FOR CONSTRUCTING BRICKS OR BLOCKS For Building OR ANALOGOUS STRUCTURAL PURPOSES.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William McAdam, of Glasgow, in the County:
of Lanark, North Britain, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN;
UTILIZING WASTE PRODUCTS OF CHEMICAL WORKS FOR CONSTRUCTING BRICKS
OR BLOCKS For Building OR ANALOGOUS STRUCTURAL PURPOSES.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William McAdam at:
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 1st May 1874.
I, WILLIAM MCADAM, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of “Im
PROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING WASTE PRODUCTS OF CHEMICAL WORKS FOR CONSTRUCTING
BRICKS OR BLOCKS FOR BUILDING OR ANALOGOUS STRUCTURAL PURPOSES :
"
This Invention, which relates to the utilization of the waste products.
of chemical works, is a developement of the Invention for which:
Letters Patent, No. 3924, A.D. 1872, have been granted to the present
applicant the said William McAdam.

page_text: In the Specification of the Invention filed under the aforesaid Letters
Patent the employment of alkali wastes, viz., "soda waste" and
"potash waste" for making bricks or blocks. for building or analogous
structural purposes, either alone or in admixture or combination with
other substances, such as lime, sand, Portland or Roman cement, iron
mine, ground slag, and clay, is set forth.
From experiments made since the filing of the Complete Specification
under the aforesaid Letters Patent the said William M'Adam finds
that "chrome waste," that is to say, the waste resulting from the
formation of bi-chromate of potash from chrome ore may be profitably
employed in admixture or combination with the aforesaid alkali wastes
in constructing bricks or blocks thereof for building or other structural
purposes.
The present Invention then consists in mixing the aforesaid "chrome
waste" with either or both the aforesaid alkali wastes for the production
of bricks or blocks for the purposes aforesaid.
In mixing the substances they are preferably ground and com-
mingled together, after which the mixed compound is placed in moulds
operated either by hand or by machinery.
It is to be understood that the other substances mentioned in the 2
aforesaid Specification, No. 3924, A.D. 1872, viz., lime, Portland or
Roman cement, iron mine, or sea or river sand, or pulverised clay may
be mixed therewith.
It is found in practice that from 30 to 50 per cent. of “chrome
waste" give good results, but a greater proportion of "chrome waste" 2
may be used.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William McAdam in the Great Scal Patent Office
on the 30th October 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MCADAM, of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain, send 3
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of May, in the year of

page_text: our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the 37th
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said William McAdam, Her special license that I,
the said William McAdam, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said William McAdam, my executors, admini--|
strators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN UTILIZING.
WASTE PRODUCTS OF CHEMICAL WORKS FOR CONSTRUCTING BRICKS OR BLOCKS FOR
BUILDING OR ANALOGOUS STRUCTURAL PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William McAdam, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William McAdam, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, that is to say :-
My said Invention, which relates to the utilization of the waste
products of chemical works is a development of the Invention for
which Letters Patent, No. 3924, A.D. 1872, have been granted to me
the said William McAdam.
In the Specification of the Invention filed in pursuance of the afore-
said Letters Patent, the employment of alkali wastes, viz., "soda-
waste" and "potash waste" for making bricks or blocks for building
or analogous structural purposes, cither alone or in admixture or com-
bination with other substances, such as lime, sand, Portland or Roman
cement, iron mine, ground slag, and clay, is set forth.
From experiments made since the filing of the Complete Specification
in pursuance of the aforesaid Letters Patent, I,. the said William.
McAdam, have found that "chrome waste," that is to say, the waste
resulting from the formation of chromate of potash from chrome ore
in the manufacture of bi-chromate of potash, may be profitably

page_text: employed in admixture or combination with the aforesaid alkali wastes
in constructing bricks or blocks thereof for building or other structural
purposes.
The present Invention then consists in mixing the aforesaid "chrome
waste" with either or both of the aforesaid "alkali wastes" for the
production of bricks or blocks for the
purposes aforesaid.
In mixing the substances they are preferably ground and commingled
together in a pan mill or by equivalent means, after which the mixed
compound is placed in moulds of the required form, operated either by
hand or by machinery. The mixed materials may either be allowed to 1
dry in the moulds, or may be removed therefrom and dried in the
atmosphere at the ordinary temperature, or they may be dried by firing
or baking in a kiln or oven.
It is to be understood that the other substances mentioned in the
aforesaid Specification, No. 3924, A.D. 1872, viz., lime, Portland or
Roman cement, iron mine, or sea or river sand, or pulverised clay may
be mixed therewith.
It is found in practice that from 30 to 50 per cent. of "chrome
waste" give good results, but a greater proportion of "chrome waste"
may be used.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and the system, mode, or manner in or under which the
same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, I would observe
in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original, and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is, constructing bricks or blocks of "chrome waste” in
combination or admixture with "soda waste
or "potash waste"
building or analogous structural purposes, as herein-before described.
"
for
In witness whereof, I, the said William McAdam, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of October One
thousand cight hundred and seventy-four.