An Improved Heating Apparatus, more particularly applicable to Chemical Processes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 26th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 5th Jan., 1895
PROVISIONAL
SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Heating Apparatus, more particularly applicable to
Chemical Processes.
I, OSWALD HAMILTON, of The Undershore, Northfleet, Kent, Chemical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is the construction and use of a steam or other
heater more particularly for use in vessels and processes where corrosive liquids
are employed and where deposits are likely to form on any hot surface, as for
example-in the process of dissolving litharge in ammonium acetate, acids &c.
During the addition of litharge to a solution of ammonium acetate, unless the
litharge is dissolved as fast as it is added, it will settle in hard cement-like cakes,
upon any surfaces lying in a horizontal or slightly inclined plane, and especially
upon the hot surfaces by means of which the contents of the vessel is to be raised
to the necessary temperature.
This thick covering so formed, of course destroys the heating efficiency of the
steam coil or heater as usually constructed and employed, and even when the liquid
is violently agitated as for example by the apparatus described in my Specification
No. 11,249 of 1892, only the under surfaces exposed to the scouring influence of
the mixture of gas and liquor, can be kept clean and free from such deposit.
In order therefore to overcome these defects and to provide a heating apparatus
which can be readily fitted together and made absolutely tight, I construct a
heating apparatus which consists essentially of two pipe rings formed in segments,
each segment being flanged so as to be readily jointed to another, the two segmental
rings being further connected with each other by any convenient number of vertical
pipes provided with flanges for connection with other flanges formed upon each
ring. The lower ring, at the bottom of the vessel, is fixed to the discharge pipe
for the condensed water, the upper ring being carried by the series of vertical
pipes, while steam is introduced to the top ring by an opening diametrically
opposite to the discharge outlet in the bottom ring."
The vertical pipes and the rings are perfectly free to expand; the pipe supplying
the steam or other heating medium, passing through a stuffing box on the top of
the vessel, while the bottom ring is fixed only at one point as already described,
and is capable of expanding circumferentially and diametrically. By this arrange
ment the greater. portion of the heating surface is exposed to the scouring action
of the solvent liquid and by the pipes being vertical and straight, the steam, as
fast as it is condensed, falls to the lower pipe ring and is discharged 'thence 'in "a'
constant stream.
The apparatus may be made of any alloy and may be constructed to suit the
particular configuration or form of the vessel to which it is to be applied, and
may, in certain cases, be used otherwise than in the strictly vertical position, in
fact at any convenient inclination allowing of the pipes being subject to the
scouring influence of the gas & liquor in which it is placed.
Dated this 26th day of February 1894.

page_text: An Improved Heating Apparatus, more particularly applicable to
Chemical Processes.
1, OSWALD HAMILTON of The Undershore, Northfleet, Kent, Chemical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The object of this invention is the construction and the use of a steam or other
heater, more particularly for use in vessels and processes where corrosive liquids are
employed, and where deposits are likely to form on any hot surface, as for example
in the process of dissolving litharge in ammonium acetate, acids and the like.
During the addition of litharge to a solution of ammonium acetate; unless the
litharge is dissolved as fast as it is added, it will settle in hard cement-like cakes,
upon any surface lying in a horizontal or slightly inclined plane, and especially
upon the hot surfaces by means of which the contents of the vessel is to be raised
to the necessary temperature. This thick covering so formed, of course destroys.
the heating efficiency of the steam coil or heater as usually constructed and
employed, and even when the liquid is violently agitated as for example by the
apparatus described in my Specification No. 11,249 of 1892, only the under surfaces
exposed to the scouring influence of the mixture of gas and liquor, can be kept
clean and free from such deposit.
b
In order therefore to overcome these defects and to provide a heating apparatus
which can be readily fitted together and made absolutely tight, I construct a
heating apparatus as I will now proceed to describe, with reference to the
accompanying drawing, wherein Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan.
The apparatus consists essentially of two pipe rings a, formed in segments, each
segment being flanged so as to be readily jointed to another, the two segmental
rings a being further connected with each other by any convenient number of
vertical pipes provided with flanges for connection with other flanges formed
upon each pipe ring a. The ring a, at the bottom of the vessel c, is fitted and
fixed to the discharge pipe d for the condensed water, the upper ring being carried
by the series of vertical pipes b, while steam is introduced to the top ring
by an opening e, diametrically opposite to the discharge outlet d in the bottom ring.
The vertical pipes 6 and the rings a, are perfectly free to expand, the pipe f
for supplying the steam or other heating medium, passing through a stuffing box g
on the top of the vessel c, while the bottom ring is fixed only at one point d as
already described, and is capable of expanding circumferentially and diametrically.
By these arrangements the greater portion of the heating surface is exposed to the
Scouring action of the solvent liquid and by the pipes being vertical and straight,
the steam, as fast as it is condensed, falls to the lower pipe ring and is discharged
thence in a constant stream.
The apparatus may be made of any alloy and may be constructed to suit the
particular configuration or form of the vessel to which it is to be applied, and may,
in certain cases, be used otherwise than in the strictly vertical position, in fact at
any convenient inclination allowing of the pipes being subject to the scouring
influence of the gas and liquor in which it is placed.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what way the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved heating apparatus more particularly applicable for use in
chemically processes; constructed and operating as and for the purpose herein
described and shown by the drawing.
Dated this 24th November 1894.
OSWALD HAMILTON.