IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROOFS OF RAILWAY STATIONS, AND ROOFS AND FLOORS OF OTHER BUILDINGS
Year: 1846

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
TURNER, of Hammersmith Works, Dublin, and Bath Place, New. Road, in.
the County of Middlesex, Wrought Iron Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Fifteenth day of
December, One thousand eight hundred and forty-six, in the tenth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
mc, the said Richard Turner, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, Her especial
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Richard
Turner, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Richard
Turner, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might, make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROOFS OF RAILWAY STATIONS, AND ROOFS
AND FLOORS OF OTHER BUILDINGS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso that I, the said Richard Turner, shall cause a particular description
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, to be inrolled
in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more
fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Richard Turner, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thercon,
that is to say-
This Invention is the construction of roofs, either in carved or straight lines,
composed of materials not hitherto used in combination, videlicit, galvanized
and corrugated iron sheeting supported by malleable iron ribs, principals, or
supporters, some modes of accomplishing which I have exhibited in the accom-
panying plans, details, and sections. The longitudinal beams (marked A, A,)
and supporting arches (B, B), which I propose to introduce for the support of
the roofs at the valleys where more than one span of roof is required, is to be
formed or constructed of malleable iron of the section shewn in the plan
marked C or of that marked D, strengthened, when necessary, with side plates
rivetted on, as shewn at E, E, on both sections, those beams to be inserted
with dovetailed ends in the heads of the cast-iron pillars prepared to support
and receive them at F, F, and the arches bolted and lended at the ends in the
sockets cast on the pillars for their reception at G, G, the space between
the arches and beams to be filled by iron work, which will connect them
firmly to each other, and strengthen them for the support of the roofs; those
beams, with their supporting pillars and arches, to be used in lieu of walls at
the sides, when desired, or where the omission of side walls may be considered
an advantage. The principals or ribs for supporting the corrugated galvanized
iron sheeting I propose to be of malleable iron of the section C, or composed
of iron bars rivetted together, so as to attain equal strength, in the mode shewn
in section D, or in similar manner. These principals or ribs may be either in
straight or curved lines, as may be desired, and to be firmly secured to the
walls and longitudinal beams by being inserted and leaded and bolted in cast-
iron sockets placed for their reception, as shewn at H, H, and securely fastened
on said walls and beams. Those principals, and sockets for their reception,
may be constructed as shewn at I, I, when considered expedient. Where
the spans of roofs are too great to have each principal in one continued bar
from foot to foot, it is proposed to unite them by means of double cast-iron
sockets, in which they will be firmly bolted and leaded, as shewn at K. The
principals or ribs are to be united or tied to each other from end to end of
the roof longitudinally by malleable iron purlins, as shewn where marked
L, L, to some of which purlins the galvanized iron sheeting is to be bolted or
rivetted; and when greater stiffness or rigidity is required, hollow iron bars
or pipes are to be introduced between the principals, as marked at M, and a

page_text: continuous tie rod to be run through pipes and principals from end to end of
roof, and screwed tight at the extremities, thereby binding the whole together
at as many points as may be necessary. See the sketch of pipes with rod
running through marked N, N, on details. The lateral pressure of the roofs
is to be sustained by malleable iron ties bolted or keyed in sockets at foot of
principals, as shewn at O and P in details, and connected therewith as many
struts or trusses to sustain the principals under the weight of the iron sheet-
ing and glass skylights as may be necessary. The gutters for receiving the
rain water from the roof are to meet in the cradles, in which they are to be
bolted, as shewn at H, H, and the water discharged from them by iron pipes
at proper distances at the side walls, and through the pillars from the valleys.
The sheeting or covering (except where the skylights occur) to be of corru-
gated galvanized iron plates fastened by galvanized iron bolts to the lips of
the gutters prepared to receive them at foot of principals where marked R,
and to purlins on the principals at L, and at as many points as necessary,
according to the span of the roof, or fastened in an equally secure manner as
may be approved of. All the sheets of covering to be secured to each other
at the joints by galvanized malleable iron rivets, washers, and bolts. For
supporting floors and walls of buildings, in lieu of wood or cast-iron beams or
masonry, I propose using malleable iron beams of the section C, commonly
called deck beam, from its being already applied to supporting the decks or
floors of ships. This I propose also strengthening with iron side plates, when
necessary, in the manner shewn on same section where marked E.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Turner, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
RICHARD TURNER. (L.s.)
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fifteenth day of June, in
the year of our Lord 1847, the aforesaid Richard Turner came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Fifteenth day of June. in the year of our Lord One