Improvement in Electrically Heated Radiator.
Year: 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in Electrically Heated Radiator.
I, WILLIS MITCHELL Electrician of Malden in the County of Middlesex and
State of Massachusetts, United States of North America do hereby declare the
nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The chief object of this invention is to provide a radiator with means for heating
it from within by electricity and to adapt it to allow the passage of a current of
heated air through its front plate in order that the room may be heated by this
current as well as by radiation.
To this end my invention consists in a radiator having electric heating device
enclosed therein; also more specifically in a radiator front plate having inwardly
extending cores and electrical heating devices mounted on the said cores; also in
a radiator thus constructed and having openings in the front plate and some other
part of its casing or shell for the passage of a current of air; also in a radiator thus
constructed having the cores made tubular and concentric with the openings of the
said front plate, they being inward continuations thereof, also in a radiator having
openings in its front plate and its base for the passage of a current of air through
it, and in other features hereinafter set forth and claimed.
In the accompanying drawings ;-
Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a radiator embodying my invention;
Figure 2 represents a vertical central section of the same from front to rear;
Figure 3 represents a longitudinal section of one of the preferred heaters,
although other forms may be employed.
A designates the base of the radiator to which are fastened by screw a' through
its raised lugs a, the vertical front plate B and the vertical rear plate C, these two
plates being likewise fastened together at the top by screws a³, and wherever else
fastening may be needed. To allow this at the top, the said rear plate is provided
with a flange c which is overlapped by the bent upper edge of the front plate,
these two parts being ścrew tapped accordingly.
Openings D are made at intervals in series through the said front plate to the
hollow interior of the radiator; and a tubular core integral with the said front
plate extends inward from the edge of each opening being concentric therewith.
In the base A similar openings are made and the draft of air from these up
through the interior of the radiator to the front openings D.
This draft is caused, and the escaping jets of air, as well as the plates of the
radiator, are heated, by a series of electrical heaters G each of which is fitted on
one of the said tubular cores. By preference each of these heaters consists of a
concentric set of asbestos cylinders or layers h', on which from end to end a wire
or other conductor H is wound, taking the said layers successively. These cylinders
and the wire are, covered by a sheet metal cap h. The heaters thus constructed
may be connected in series or as desired; but the wire of each heater forms part
of an electric circuit. Any other form of heating device operated by electricity
may be substituted, if suited to this use; for example a wire coated with insulating
material and passing from core to core being wound in helices on each.
Every tubular core serves both as an outlet for air and with the heater on it as a
means of heating the said front plate.
Of course the radiation of heat from the said front plate warms the air of the
apartment or hall in the usual manner; but the streams of hot air continually
issuing through the said cores warm it in a different manner by mingling therewith.
Thus there is a double action of the device which is available for other purposes
than those to which a radiator technically so called is applied,

page_text: The rear plate C reflects the heat of the devices G against the front plate and
thereby intensifies the heating of the latter. The concentric arrangement of the
cores with respect to the openings D makes the draft through the latter much more
direct and efficient, and ensures the heating of the air which thus passes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A radiator for heating rooms, halls and other spaces consisting of a shell
having a front wall provided with openings and inwardly extending cores concentric
therewith and open at their inner ends in combination with electric heating devices
applied to the said cores substantially as set forth.
2. In a radiator consisting of a hollow shell the perforated bottom A' and back
plate C in combination with the front plate B provided with openings and short
tubular cores D extending inward therefrom and open at their inner ends and
heaters G applied to said cores for the purpose set forth.
3. A. radiator provided with internally extending cores, in combination with
electrical heaters applied to said cores, each heater consisting of successive
aelicoidal coils of wire in the electric circuit and interposed cylindrical partitions
substantially as set forth.
at Cal
f Wah 1000
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.