Improvements in the Combination with Floating Bodies of Fins adapted to Effect their Propulsion.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st May, 1896
Complete Specification Left. 29th Jan., 1897-4ccepted, 24th Apr., 1897
TROYINIONAT DE MULTIATION.
Improvements in the Combination with Floating Bodies of Fins
adapted to Effect their Propulsion.
I, ANTHONIE EPHRAIM NARLIAN of No. 109 Gipsy Hill, in the County of
Surrey, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in the combination with floating bodies
of fius adapted to effect their propulsion, described in the Specification of
Patent 14630 1895.
According to the invention described therein, flexible plates, referred to as fins,
are made fast to the floating body, eg, a boat, by rigid arms projecting from the
latter, one forward from the bows and a second aft from the stern, and each holding
a fin beneath the water by its base or thickest part, the free and thin edge of each
fin being sternwards. The propulsion is effected by the undulatory (rising and
falling) motion or by the rolling motion of the boat pressing the sides of the fins
alternately against the water opposite thereto. The rising and falling imotion of
the boat with the necessarily horizontal position of the fins, gives better results
than the rolling motion and a vertical position of the fins.
The flexibility above referred to is specified as in the fins themselves and the
connection of each to the respective end of the boat.is quite rigid from the point of
junction with the fin to that of junction to the boat. According to the present.
invention, the flexibility is in the said connection instead of being in the fin, and
the latter is rigid. It is for that reason hereafter referred to as a blade. In the
case of a boat fitted with the present invention at bow.and stern, the bow blade is
held to and from the bows as follows. A rigid arm projects centrally therefrom,
to which it is made fast in any suitable way, and forwards as far as is necessary to
hold the respective blade in its working position, which is in front, and clear, of
the bows. The said blade is supported from the forward end of the said arm by a
curved spring arm or C spring made fast to and depending therefrom, turned
sternwards, and having the forward.edge of the blade made fast to its free or lower
end. A second rigid arm projects centrally from the stern to which it is likewise
made fast, and sternwards as far is necessary to hold the respective blade in its
working position which is astern of, and clear of, the rudder. The said blade is
supported from the stern.end of the arm in question, by a spring arm, preferably of
a serpentine form. This spring arm is made fast to the projecting end of the arm
from which it is led sternwards and downwards, its bottom end being made fast to
the forward edge of the respective blade.
:
It must be understood that the present invention does not impose any limit upon
either the shape or the position of the projecting arms. Their function is to
support the blades in their respective working positions. Consequently, they may
have any desired shape and project from either bow, stern, or side and from either
above or below the water line.
A pivot or hinge may, if desired, be interposed between the blade and the
floating body, at any point along the connection between the two. The above
mentioned arm and spring, either or both, may be dispensed with when such pivot

page_text: or hinge is used. In any case, suitable stops must be provided to limit the motion
of the blade upon its pivot.
Dated this 21st day of May 1896.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Combination with Floating Bodies of Fins.
adapted to Effect their Propulsion.
I ANTHONIE EPHRAIM NARLIAN of 3 Castletown Road, West Kensington, in
the County of Middlesex, late of 109 Gipsy Hill, S.E. London, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The invention consists in utilizing the motion of the waves of the water as the
motive power of a boat, vessel, or any floating body.
To this end, the floating body is provided with one or more plates or blades, in
metal or wood, which are attached to the same either directly or through brackets
or rods fixed to, and projecting from the floating body; the blades being under
water in a horizontal or quasi-horizontal position, and so arranged as under a
pressure from above should take the position of an inclined plane as shown at 4-7,
in the Figs. I & V, and under a pressure from below, the position of an inclined
plane as seen at 4-6, in the Figs. I & VI, the free end of the blade being in all
cases towards the wake, and the attached end towards the direction in which the
motion of the floating body is desired to be effected.
The accompanying figs. show a similarly arranged boat.
Fig. 1, represents the vertical section of the bows of a boat, where to a rigid and
curved rod at 1-2-3, a rigid blade; preferably metallic; is attached in a
horizontal position by means of a cee spring 3-4, or any other elastic body, the
blades remaining immersed in the water as at 4-5, at the level of the keel of the
boat or deeper.
A pressure from above over the blade so placed, would cause it to swing round
the springs 3-4, and make it to assume the position 4-7, the small chain 5-8,
regulating the angle that the same is allowed to make to the horizontal or to the
line of the keel.
Fig. II, represents the vertical section of the stern of the same boat, whereby a
similar arrangement a second blade is attached to the boat through the rigid
rod 9-10, and a C spring at 10.
Figs. III, & IV, show horizontal sections of the Figs. I, & II, through 4-5-8,
in Fig. I, and 10-11, in Fig. 11. Now when the boat or floating body is lifted up
by the action of the waves, the blades would be forced upwards through the water
in a vertical direction together with the floating body to which they are attached,
and the column of the water through which they are so forced, act upon them with a
-pressure downwards, and cause them to swing round their springs at 3-4, Fig. 1,
and 10, Fig. II, and make the blades to assume the position of inclined planes as
at 4-7, Fig. 1, and 10-13, Fig. 11. This deflection of the plates is regulated by
the small chains 5-8, Fig. 1, and Fig. 111, so that the angle 8-4-7, should be
about 45 deg. It is then evident that the blades so disposed would be subjected to
two forces which may be considered as acting upon their centres; one vertical
upwards, 14-15, Fig. V; caused by the uplifting motion of the wave, and the
other 14-17, Fig. V, perpendicular to the plate of the blade, caused by the

page_text: pressure or resistance of the mass of the water through which the same is forced;
and therefore, the blade would be moved in the line 14-16, Fig. V, which is the
resultant of the two component forces 14-15, and 14-17, Fig. V.
The same will take place with the blade placed at the stern, which with the
upward movement of the boat will take the position 10-13, Fig. I; and as
these blades will move forward, they will carry with them the boat, or any floating
body to which they are attached.
Once the boat is at the top of the wave, and the upward move is at an end, the
springs through which the blades are attached to the rigid rods will bring them to.
their original or horizontal position.
The boat or floating body will now fall down vertically with the wave, and the
blades will be forced downwards through the water, the resistance of which will
make them to swing round their springs or hinges in the opposite direction, and
they will take the position as shown at 4-6, Fig. I, and 10-12, Fig. II, or 4-6,.
Fig. VI.
Here again two different forces will be acting simultaneously upon the centre.
of the blades; one caused by the downward vertical motion of the boat as shown
at 14-15, Fig. VI, and the other as at 14-17, Fig. VI, caused by the resistance
of the water through which the blades are forced, acting in a perpendicular
direction to their surface, as at 14-17, Fig. VI, with a resultant force at 14-16,.
in which direction the blades will move, carrying the floating body together.
with them.
At the moment that the downward movement of the wave and floating body will
cease, the blades will resuine their horizontal position, and with each repeating.
movement of the wave and floating body, the same will proceed forward with a
speed dependent on the motion of the water, and the size and inclination of the
blades, which are calculated for the size of each boat, and regulated according the-
movement of the water.
Another simple way of attaching the blades to the floating body is shown in.
the Figs. VII, & VIII, which are vertical sections of the bows and of the stern of
the boat; and in Figs. IX, and X, which are horizontal sections of the same,.
through 18-24, Fig. VIII.
Here in Fig. IX, a strong frame 20-21-22-23-24, and 26-27-28-29, is.
horizontally fixed to the keel of the boat at 20; which by means of springs
at 24-25, and 30-31, hold in horizontal position the blade 25-31-33-34.
Round these springs the blade would swing and take the position 25-35, Fig. VII,.
or 25-36, Fig. VII, according as the boat or floating body is moving upwards or
downwards on the crest of the wave, with results as explained before, causing the
boat or floating body to proceed always in the same direction; a head sea causing-
often a greater speed by increasing the vertical motion of the floating body.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
I. To move a floating body, whether hoat, toy, or other, in any direction, by the-
sole action of the waves, whether caused by the wind or artificially produced in a
pond, by fixing to the floating body a rigid plate or plates immersed in the water,
and so arranged that under the up or down movement of the water and floating-
body, they should take the position of an inclined plane as explained above, and
being subjected to the forces as explained, should move in a quasi-horizontal
direction, carrying with them the floating body to which they are attached; the-
whole substantially as described and explained above.