MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SADDLE-TREES."
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Frederick Bielefeld, of Wellington Street,
Strand, Papier Maché Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SADDLE-TREES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Frederick Bielefeld
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th July 1855.
I, CHARLES FREDERICK BIELEFELD, of Wellington Street, Strand, Papier
Maché Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SADDLE-TREES " to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the application of certain matters, hereafter men-
tioned, in combination for making saddle-trees, by moulding or forming them
therefrom. The materials to be thus combined are as follows:-Tanogeletin,
sulphur balsam, gum thus, and gutta percha, with a suitable solvent of gutta
percha, preferring venice turpentine for such purpose. Gum thus and gutta
percha are matters imported into this country, and are well known. Tanogeletin
is prepared by mixing a solution containing tannin with a solution of glue or
animal jelly, and which usually consists of about thirty-six parts of tannin and
sixty-four parts of gelatine, such preparation not being new, and forming

page_text: separately no part of my Invention. Sulphur balsam is a preparation of a
solution of sulphur in fixed oils, usually prepared with sulphur and linseed oil.
Sulphur balsam usually consists of two ounces of flour of sulphur and eight
ounces of linseed oil (though other fixed oils may be used), mixed, heated, and
stirred till the sulphur dissolves; such preparation not being new, and separately
forms no part of my Invention. And such materials when being combined
may also have other matters mixed therewith to produce particular effects, as
hereafter explained. In making saddle-trees of combinations of the matters
above mentioned, or some of them, I mix, dissolve, or combine tanogeletin in
venice turpentine. To this solution I add chips or cuttings of gutta percha,
and melt them by means of heat, preferring to use a pug mill heated by an
external steam bath for such purpose. These materials so combined may
consist of various proportions of the various ingredients, depending on the
manner in which the combinations are to be used in making saddle-trees.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Frederick Bielefeld, in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 11th January 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
FREDERICK BIELEFELD, of Wellington Street, Strand, Papier Mache Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the nineteenth year of Her reigu,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles Frederick Bielefeld, Her special licence that 1, the said Charles
Frederick Bielefeld, my executors, administrators. and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Charles Frederick Bielefeld, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully night make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SADDLE-TREES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Charles Frederick Bielefeld, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain

page_text: the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Frederick Bielefeld, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof:-
My Invention consists of the application of certain matters, hereafter men-
tioned, in combination for making saddle-trees, by moulding or forming them
therefrom. The materials to be thus combined are as follows:-Tanogeletin,
sulphur balsam, gum thus, and gutta percha, with a suitable solvent of gutta
percha, preferring venice turpentine for such purpose.
Gum thus and gutta
percha are matters imported into this country, and are well known.
Tanogeletin is prepared by mixing a solution containing tannin with a solution
of glue or animal gelly, and which usually consists of about thirty-six parts of
tannin and sixty-four parts of gelatine; such preparation not being new, and
forming separately no part of my Invention. Sulphur balsam is a preparation
of a solution of sulphur in fixed oils, usually prepared with sulphur and
linseed oil. Sulphur balsam usually consists of two ounces of flour of sulphur
and eight ounces of linseed oil (though other fixed oils may be used), mixed,
heated, and stirred till the sulphur dissolves; such preparation not being new,
and separately forms no part of my Invention. And such materials when
being combined may also have other matters mixed therewith to produce par-
ticular effects, as hereafter explained. In making saddle-trees of combinations
of the matters above mentioned, or some of them, I mix, dissolve, or combine
tanogeletin in venice turpentine; to this solution I add chips or cuttings of
gutta percha, and melt them by means of heat. preferring to use a pug mill
heated by an external steam bath for such purpose; or the gutta percha may
be dissolved in oil or venice turpentine, and then combined with tanogelatine;
and when desired, india-rubber or india-rubber solutions may be also employed
with the matters above mentioned.
:
Materials so combined may consist of various proportions of the various
ingredients, depending on the manner in which the combinations are to be
used in making saddle-trees, and such materials may be used alone, or may be
spread on one or more layers of strong canvass, which are made to adhere
together by means of the materials above mentioned, or some of them, but
when so using strong canvass the compound of tanogeletin and gutta percha
is what is preferred.
I prefer to use metal moulds for this purpose, and when

page_text: thickness and lightness are desired, in addition to the canvass, sheets of cork or
shaped cork may be inclosed in the canvass and composition above described.
A plastic compound made from the above materials, or some of them,
having been roughly formed by hand or by pressure to the form of a saddle-
tree, is whilst hot to be introduced into the mould and well pressed therein,
and when set it is to be removed and dried, by which very strong and light
saddle-trees may be manufactured at comparatively cheap cost.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Frederick Bielefeld, have here-
unto set my hand and scal, this Tenth day of Jannary, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
CHARLES F. BIELEFELD. (L.S.)
Witness,
B. GOBEY,
4, Old Square, Lincoln's Inn.