Improvements in and connected with Fixing the Handles of Brushes and Brooms.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 5th July, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 5th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 5th July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Fixing the Handles of
Brushes and Brooms.
GEORGE RUSSON Brush Manufacturer B. 61, Park Street, Walsall, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of invention, is improvements in & connected with fixing, the
handles of brushes & brooms whereby they shall be held, with a firm grip, when
being used.
In carrying out my improvements-I use any kind of brush, or broom-that
may be required. I construct from a piece of sheet iron, or steel, or brass, or *
other material-a ferrule, or socket, or cup or ring-by cutting from the sheet, an
oblong form & shape the same into the socket, with its two ends bend backwards,
for locking purposes. Also I construct a double socket by having a ferrule at
each of a piece of sheet metal, & the middle, when bent over, forms a spring.
I cut from a piece of iron, or steel, or brass, or other material, a longitudinal
pointed blade, & I slot out its middle & bent its head at right angles. When I
want to fix firmly the handle of the common household broom I put the single
ferrule, round the handle of the broom & place the slotted blade, into the turned
back ends of the socket, & put them into the receptacle of the broom, & with a
hammer drive the head of the blade home into the broom. When, I want to fix a
handle, to the dandy brush so that the brush may be held firmly in the hand, I
form a round or other shape convex boss, & pierce a hole in its centre, & also a
hole in the centre of the back of the brush, & use the double socket. One of the
sockets, I insert into the boss & the other socket, into the back of the brush, & the
bent middle piece acts as a spring. Also this spring may be fitted to the boss, &
to the back of the brush without the sockets or other springs may be fixed to
hold the boss handle to the brush-or the boss as a handle, may be fitted to the
back of the brush, & overhanging the edges thereof-or the boss of the handle
may be made out of the solid back-or the single ferrule may be made to hold the
leather strap upon the buss-or the leather handle just fixed in the centre of the
brush's back. I fix the double socket to any other brush, or broom-to hold their
handle.
In fixing a handle, to the spoke brush I make a hole in the back of the brush
at its centre-& insert my improved ferrule & attach a handle thereto, which shall
be used at either end of the brush-& also construct the back of the brush in a boss
shape as may be required for gripping purposes.
It is understood in carrying out my improvements I shall adopt, any mere
modification, that shall be required-as the blade & socket, may be made or cast in
one piece etc.-or the handle of the spoke brush, may swing upon a pivot-or a
nail may fasten the leather handle at the centre of the back of the brush-or the
double socket, may be made as two spikes & the spring centre, etc.
Dated this 6th day of December 1892.

page_text: Improvements in and connected with Fixing the Handles of.
Brushes and Brooms.
GEORGE RUSSON, B 61, Park Street Walsall Brush Maker, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention, is in the attachments for brushes, & brooms-whereby
they shall be held, with greater firmness of grip when being used.
-
In carrying out my improvements in the attachments for brushes & brooms-I
make any required class of brushes & brooms or use any ordinary handles thereto-
& attach my improvements thereon-either the usual common household brooms-
the dandy brushes-the spoke brushes-the paint brushes, or any other known kind
of brushes or brooms.
The invention, is carried out, & the modes of fixing, as follows & will be.
understood, by reference to the drawings annexed.
Fig. 1. represents the ferrule, or ring, or socket, made in six various forms
or modes.
Fig. 2. represents the spoke brush, with my improved ferrule or socket, to swing
round the handle to either end of the brush, making it reversible, & is locked, by
bolt or spring in position. Figs. 3. & 4. are the same as Fig. 2.
Fig. 5. represents my improvements in & connected with fixing, the boss-handle
(which is hollowed-out) to the dandy brush.
Fig. 6. represents another mode of fixing boss-handle to a divided brush.
Fig. 7. represents the wooden boss-handle overhanging a brush.
Same letters refer to the corresponding parts.
a. ferrule, or socket, or ring, a 1. ferrule made from sheet metal as a spring, &
the blade holding the leather, b. the teeth, on ferrule, b 1. the teeth inside the
ferrule used for the paint brush, c. slot in ferrule, e. slotted blade, e 1. slotted blade
& ferrule cast in one, d. cotter through & turned in the slotted blade, f. spring on
spoke brush, i. bolt for locking purpose, j. pivot, upon which the ferrule swings,
k. boss-handle, k 1. boss-handle over-hanging the back of the brush, l. handles in
the ferrule, o. teeth on blade, n. leather handle.
The drawings illustrates my improvements in & connected with fixing the
handles of brushes & brooms, & also the method, of using each modification, &
showing the construction thereof-for in Figure 1. at l. l. are seen the sectional
ends of two broom handles-with a slotted, cast iron ferrule, or socket, or ring,
upon each with their teeth, for gripping the wood, in the receptal of the broom, &
also one of the ferrules is attached the blade, & with a hammer drive the head of
the blade home into the broom.
The ferrule, or socket, or ring, & the slotted blade 1. & 2. in Fig. 1. of the
drawings. This ferrule I construct, or form, from a sheet of iron or steel, & cutting
from the sheet an oblong piece, & bending the same, into a round ring, with both
ends bent backwards, for a catch or locking purposes with teeth thereon-this sheet
ferrule, receives the blade, which is also formed from a piece of sheet metal-&
both are afterwards put into the hole in the broom-3. & 4. in Fig. 1. is a side
view, & front elevation of a ferrule & blade, cast in one piece-& also a plug passing
through the slotted blade, this socket is fixed upon the end, of the broom handle-
ready for attachment to the broom. 5. in Fig. 1. is a front elevation, of a cast
ferrule & the slot thereon & its teeth-& a modification of the ferrules, for use upon
a paint brush handle-& 6. is the view, of the inside of the same ferrule. 7. in the
drawings in Fig. 1. is my invention of the ferrule, to be used for reversible
purposes & cast in one piece-the blade is placed at its edge-end side, with a slot

page_text: therein, & is placed into the hole in the broom, & a pluge through the slot-the-
handle of the broom is placed in the ferrule, or socket, at c. & the teeth 6 prevents
the handle from coming out again. A modification of this ferrule, is seen in:
Figures 2. 3. & 4. at a. & used upon the spoke brush-with a long blade e pivoted
upon j. for the purpose to swing the handle from one end of the brush to the other
end or reversible.
Another modification of my improvements in & connected with fixing the
handles of brushes & brooms is seen in Figures 5. 6. & 7, the blade e. acting as a
pivot for fixing the boss-handles to the dandy & divided brushes-& in Fig. 5..
at a 1. is a sheet metal ferrule spring-the blade e holding the ferrule & the ferrule
spring holding the round hollow convex wooden handle 1. & also the blade e.
holding the leather. The divided brush in Figure 6. is meant one or more joints
in its back, & these being held together gives flexibility to the brush, & also.
increased power when used by the boss-handle, & in Figure 5. is the same flexibility
by the spring ferrule combined with the boss-handle when used. Figure 7. shows
the boss-handle on the dandy brush, to be gripped for the like purpose-thereby
readily adapting the surface of these brushes to the even & uneven surface-for
penetrating & cleansing.
It is understood I shall adopt any mere modification, that may be required, in.
carrying out my improvements in & connected with fixing the handles of brushes.
& brooms.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, & in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is―
1stly. The different modes of applying my ferrule, or socket, or ring, & its blade
for fixing the handles to brushes or brooms, as set forth, described, & illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
2ndly. The ferrule, or socket, or ring, as set forth, & described in the accom--
panying drawings.
3rdly. The wooden boss-handles, over-hanging the back of the brush, as set
forth, described, & illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4thly. The reversible handle in a spoke brush.
5thly. The boss-handle on a divided brush, as set forth, described, & illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 4th day of April 1894.
JOHN
BENNETT,
4, Cherry Street, Birmingham, Agent for the Applicant..