IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND COOLING FLUIDS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Anton Gottlieb Schönheyder of 81 S Stephens
Avenue Shepherds Bush in the County of Middlesex for an Invention of
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND COOLING FLUIDS.”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Anton Gottlieb
Schönheyder at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th
March 1883.
WILLIAM ANTON GOTTLIEB SCHÖNHEYDER of 81 St Stephens Avenue,
Shepherd's Bush, in the county of Middlesex, "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR HEATING AND COOLING FLUIDS.
"
This invention has for its object the construction of apparatus for heating and
cooling liquids and gases in such a manner that their first cost may be compara-
tively small, that the heating or cooling may be effected economically, and, thirdly,
that the surfaces (heating and cooling) may be readily cleaned.
To attain the above objects, I construct two cones of thin metal, or other suitable
substance, and of the-same amount of taper. On one of these cones I form one or
more spiral channels, by the process known as "spinning," or by any well known
means. When now the two cones, (the plain and the spirally corrugated one) are
combined one within the other, they form an enclosed spiral passage or passages,
suitable for being traversed by any fluid to be heated or cooled, and the whole is
ready to be applied in the many various ways in which coiled tubes are now applied
for similar purposes, but with the additional advantage of being easily cleaned by
the simple separation of the two cones. In some cases, both comes may be corru-
gated. When applied for heating water to the boiling point only, or to any lower
degree, either by gas or any other kind of fuel or heat giving substance, the upper
ends of the cones are so shaped as to form a kind of annular funnel for the
convenient entry of the water, which is regulated in quantity by a suitable tap,
according to the degree of heat to be obtained; and the lower ends of the cones
are so formed by beads, ledges or spouts, or otherwise, as to make a convenient
outlet.

page_text: When the taper of the cones is rightly proportioned, not any means for holding
them together is required, but any simple mode of so doing may obviously be
applied. It is not necessary that the lines of contact of the corrugations of the one
cone with the flat portions or corrugations of the other cone should form absolutely
tight joints, as a small leakage will not interfere with the working of the apparatus
to any serious extent. When heat is applied to say the inner cone, the outer one
may be suitably clothed to prevent loss by radiation, etc.
If desired to supply the liquid under pressure, the ends of the cones are
connected by flange joints or otherwise, suitable inlet and outlet pipes being
of course provided. Sometimes. I combine three cones, the two outer ones
being, by preference, plain, and the middle one being spirally corrugated as
above described; or the middle one might be plain, and the two outer ones
corrugated, and the heating and heated liquids are, by preference, passed in
opposite directions (each on its separate side of the corrugated or plain surface).
TH some cases, instead of making the channels of spiral form, they may be
separate circular channels, each one communicating with the next by means of
one or more notches or grooves in the corrugations, such notches or grooves being
made at opposite points of the consecutive channels. The vessels may obviously be
formed of any suitable material, or may be combined in several ways besides those
above named, such, for instance, as by combining any number of the said corru-
gated cones one within the other, to form a number of spiral channels; and they
may be utilized for any of the numerous purposes for which coiled or similar
heating or cooling appliances are now employed, the principal object sought to be
attained being the arrangement of an apparatus which can be readily. taken to
pieces for the purpose of cleaning the internal parts, or repairing the apparatus.
While I prefer the conical shape as being most convenient for my purpose, yet I
do not confine myself exclusively thereto; cylindrical or prismatic forms may be
employed, but, in that case, one of the vessels should be made with one or more
longitudinal joints for readily fixing to or separating from the other.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Anton Gottlieb Schönheyder in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 19th September 188:3.
WILLIAM ANTON GOTTLIEB SCHÖNHEYDER of 81 St Stephens Avenue,
Shepherd's Bush, in the county of Middlesex,-" IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR HEATING AND COOLING FLUIDS.
This invention has for its object the construction of apparatus for heating and
cooling liquids and gases in such a manner that their first cost may be compara-
tively small, that the heating or cooling may be effected economically, and, thirdly,
that the surfaces (heating and cooling) may be readily cleaned.
To attain the above objects, I construct two cones of thin metal, or other suitable
substance, and of the same amount of taper. On one of these cones 1 form one or
more helical channels by the process known as "spinning" or by any well known
means. When now the two cones, (the plain and the spirally corrugated one) are
combined one within the other, they form an enclosed helical passage or passages
suitable for being traversed by any fluid to be heated or cooled, and the whole is
ready to be applied in the many various ways in which coiled tubes are now applied
for similar purposes, but with the additional advantage of being easily cleaned by
the simple separation of the two conical parts. In some cases, both cones may be
corrugated. When applied for heating water to boiling point only, or to any lower
degree, either by gas or any other kind of fuel or heat giving substance, the upper
ends of the cones are so shaped as to form a kind of annular funnel for the
convenient entry of the water, which is regulated in quantity by a suitable tap,
according to the degree of heat to be obtained; and the lower ends of the cones are
so formed by beads, ledges or spouts, or otherwise, as to make a convenient
outlet.
When the taper of the cones is rightly proportioned, not any means for holding
them together is required, but any simple mode of so doing may, obviously be
applied. It is not necessary that the lines of contact of the corrugations of the one
cone with the flat portions or corrugations of the other cone should form absolutely
tight joints, as a small leakage will not interfere with the working of the apparatus
to any serious extent. When heat is applied to, say, the inner cone, the outer one
may be suitably clothed to prevent loss by radiation, etc.
If desired to supply the liquid under pressure, the ends of the coues are connected
by flange joints or otherwise, suitable inlet and outlet pipes being of course
provided. Sometimes, 1 combine three cones, the two outer ones being by
preference plain, and the middle one being helically corrugated, as above described:
or the middle one might be plain, and the two outer ones corrugated and the
heating and heated liquids are, by preference, passed in opposite directions (each
c its separate side of the corrugated or plain surface). In some cases, instead of
making the channels of helical form, they may be separate circular channels, each
one communicating with the next by means of one or more notches or grooves in
the corrugations, such notches or grooves being made at opposite points of the
consecutive channels. The vessels may obviously be formed of any suitable
material, or they may be combined in several ways besides those above named,
as for instance, by combining any number of the said corrugated cones one within
the other, to form a number of spiral channels; and they may be utilised for any
of the numerous purposes for which coiled or similar heating or cooling appliances
are now employed, the principal object sought to be obtained being the arrange-
ment of an apparatus which can be readily taken to pieces for the purpose of
cleaning the internal parts, or repairing the apparatus.

page_text: While I prefer the conical shape as being most convenient for my purpose, yet
I do not confine myself exclusively thereto; cylindrical or prismatic forms may be
employed, but, in that case, one of the vessels should be inade with one or more
longitudinal joints for readily fixing to or separating from the other.
Figs. 1 to of the accompanying drawings shew arrangements of apparatus for
heating and cooling liquids and gases according to the foregoing description, as
also some plant in connection therewith.
Fig. 1 is a section of an apparatus for heating water or other liquid continuously
by means of gas. I is the 'slove made of sheet iron or other suitable material and
furnished with necessary air passages and with the gas burners 2. 3 is the spirally
corrugated vessel with the tray 4 attached to its lower edge (furnished with
spout 5) and with the 'cone 6 attached to its upper edge, in continuation of which
is the chimney 7. 8 is the other casing fitting tightly over the spiral part and 9
is another plain coned piece for directing the current of the water. The products
of combustion travel in the direction of the arrows G, and the water travels in the
opposite direction, iz of the arrows W, entering of course cold at the top by the
annular shaped funnel 9 and issuing hot by the spout 5. That portion of the
vapors of the products of combustion which is condensed, drips into the central
cone 1 and is led away by the small opening at the bottom.
It will be
Figs. 2 to 5 are views of the kind of combined water and gas tap which I prefer
to use in combination with this heater, so as to avoid any injury to it from turning
on the gas before the water, or from leaving it lighted after the water has been
turned off. Fig. 2 an elevation of the taps; fig. a plan shewing both closed,
the gas tap A being locked fast by the cam projection of the water tap B having
entered the concave part of the gas tap. Fig. 4 shews the water turned on full.
whereby the gas tap has been set at liberty and is shewn turned half on supplying
gas to a pilot light at . In Fig. 5, the gas tap has been turned on full; the pilot
light, after having lighted the inside burners, being extinguished.
noticed that, in the position occupied by the gas tap in fig. 5, the water tap can
be turned a little further, eiz.-in direction of the arrow, and thereby the flow of
water can be diminished, so as to obtain it at a higher temperature than when the
tap is full on, and the maximum quantity flowing through; the water cannot
however be turned completely off without first bringing the water-tap into the
position shewn by Fig. 5, and first turning out the gas. Thus the apparatus
cannot be injured, as it is impassible for the gas to be turned on unless the water
is also on. I do not however claim this construction of taps as part of the
invention secured to me under the present Letters Patent. Fig. 6 shews an
arrangement for cooling one liquid or gas by means of another liquid or gas.
A spirally corrugated cone 14 is interposed between two plain congs 15 and 16.
The three comes are flanged at the ends, as shewn and rings are holfed in between
the said flanges, each ring being furnished with pipe connections, as shewn.
The arrows indicate the directions of the currents passing through the apparatus,
thus 10 may be the inlet for heated water, which, after passing through the spirally
Corrugated passage between the corrugated and the inner plain cones, passes out by
the passage 10 in a cooled condition, the cooling medium entering by 11 and after
traversing the channel between the corrugated cone and the outer plain cone passing
out at in a warmed condition.
Fig. 7 shews another method of forming the spiral passages, riz:-by fastening
Lpieces to 12 the inner cone, 13 being the outer come. Various methods may
obviously be employed for forming the spiral passages and the cylindrical (or
prismatic) shape may of course he use in place of the conical one, but in that case
the outer shell or covering must be made in two or more pieces in the circumference
(suitably jointed) for facility of fixing and removal.
Having thus described the nature of my invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I am aware that it has
been proposed to form a closed spiral channel by placing a spirally corrugated

page_text: plate upon a flat or slightly coned plate, and I do not claim this arrangement, but
1 claim in respect of apparatus for heating and cooling fluids:-
First The combination of two or more tapering or cylindrical or polygonal
shells fitting the one within the other, one or more of which is or are so formed
with an open helical channel or series of inter communicating circular channels on
its or their surface, that when the shells are fitted together, the channel or channels
of the one shell is or are closed in by the other shell or shells so as to serve for
the passage of fluid to be heated or cooled, substantially as herein described.
Second: The combination of a helically corrugated tapering shell with a plain
tapering shell, fitting the one within the other so as to form between them a helical
closed channel for the passage of liquid to be heated or cooled, substantially as
herein described with reference to fig. 1 of the drawings.
Third: The combination of a helically corrugated tapering shell with two plain
tapering shells fitted respectively on the interior and the exterior thereof, so as to
form two separate closed helical channels for the passage through them of two
liquids, the heat of one of which has to be imparted to the other substantially as
berein described with reference to fig. 6 of the drawings.
Witness whereof I the said William Anton Gottlieb Schöneyder [sic] have
hereunto set my hand and seal this
day of September in the year of our
Lord, One thousand, eight hundred and eighty-three.
W: A: G: SCHONHEYDER. (...)