IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES
Year: 1855

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jarman at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th April
1855.
I, JOHN JARMAN, of Masborough, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE-SHOES" to be
as follows:
This Invention relates to a particular description of horse-shoes, known by
farriers as expanding shoes; that is to say, instead of the shoe being formed of
one entire piece of metal, as commonly practised, it has been formed in two
and sometimes three parts, hinged together, for the purpose of enabling the
shoe to adapt itself to the shape of the horse's hoof without requiring to be
first passed through a fire, as commonly practised. But shoes thus formed
have been found objectionable in practice; and the object and intention of
these improvements is to remedy such said objections, which I effect by con-
structing horse-shoes in the following manner :-I form the toe and a portion
of one or both sides of the shoe of one entire piece of malleable cast iron or of
wrought metal, and the remaining portions of the side or sides of the shoe I
form of bars of cast or wrought metal of similar description to the aforesaid
toe part, and I connect them to such said toe part by means of a peculiar
description of mortice joint; for example, I form a circular-shaped taper tenon
upon one end of each of the aforesaid bars, and I form mortices of corre-

page_text: sponding shape thereto in each end of the said toe part, so that when the
several parts are connected together and to the horse's hoof, the parts cannot
become detached from each other, at the same time the sides of the shoe
possess liberty of lateral movement, and thus allow it to expand when the
horse's hoof is forcibly pressed down for affording ease to the animal whilst
working. Now, whereas according to the modes heretofore practised of
manufacturing expanding shoes, this expansive principle of the shoe has been
found in practice to be injurious instead of beneficial to the animal, in
consequence-of-the-several parts of which the shoe was formed not being
sufficiently supported by each other, so as to preserve and maintain one nearly
uniform shape, and possess somewhat of the character of an ordinary shoe: I
propose, therefore, to remedy the objections attending expanding shoes, as
heretofore constructed, and to improve the same by adapting thereto a stiff
spring of shear steel or other suitable material, and I connect such said spring
to the side bars and toe part of the shoe, and imbed it therein by forming a
recess along the inner edge, and at that side of the shoe which.is to be next to
the horse shoof; and in this manner and by these means I not only allow the
shoe to expand when pressure is exerted thereon, but prevent more expansion
of the shoe than is actually necessary for giving ease to the hoof, and at the
same time unite together and support the several parts of the shoe in their
proper relative positions, so as to give to it as much as possible of the character
of a shoe formed in one entire piece. In conclusion, the under surface of the
improved shoe may be either plain or corrugated, and leather or other suitablo
material may, if necessary, be interposed between the upper surface of the
shoe and the horse's hoof; the heads of the nails employed for fixing the shoe
to the foot may either be imbedded in a grooved channel formed in the shoe,
as commonly practised, or the holes through which the said nails pass may be
countersunk to receive the heads of the nails, which should be formed of
corresponding shape thereto...