Improvements relating to Incandescence Bodies for Incandescent Gas Lighting.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 24th Nov., 1896-Accepted, 1st May, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Incandescence Bodies for Incandescent
Gas Lighting.
I, CARL KILLING, Chenist, of 8 Gneisenaustrasse, Düsseldorf, in the
German Empire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In the course of careful studies and experiments on the relative importance or
effect of the different chemicals employed in the manufacture of incandescence
bodies I have discovered that, to increase the luminosity of any of the rare
earths suitable for this purpose, it is not necessary or essential to mix it with other
rare earths or metallic oxides, and that the presence of a very minute quantity of a
catalytic body is sufficient to materially increase the luminosity of any one of the
said rare earths. The following catalytic bodies may be used:-
(1.) The elements of the platinum group.
(2.) The metallic oxides which have more than one stage or degree of oxidation,
provided that they are capable of resisting the high temperature of the incandescent
gas flames.
A liquid suitable for impregnating incandescence mantles made of cotton, may
for instance, be composed of
Thorium oxide
Iridium
99.95 per cent.
0.05 per cent.
Such incandescence bodies may light spontaneously, and if it be desired to utilize
this property, the top of the incandescence mantle should be impregnated with a
stronger platinum or iridium solution, before it is burnt to ashes, or a woven fabric
which after calcination, leaves a residue of spongy platinum or iridium, may be
sewed into the top of the incandescence mantle.
Among metallic oxides the following have been found useful, either alone or in
mixtures-Oxides of barium, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, niobium,
tantalum, titanium, vanadium, tungsten, bismuth.
Niobium and tantalum resist high temperatures very well, and yield incandescence
bodies of a dazzling white colour; only a small quantity of these bodies need be

page_text: used. The more volatile bodies should only be used as an admixture, for improving
the colour.
Dated this 20th dor of Tune 1803
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements relating to Incandescence Bodies for Incandescent
Gas Lighting.
I, CARL KILLING, Chemist, of 8 Gneisenaustrasse, Düsseldorf, in the
German Empire, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention relates to the manufacture of an incandescence body or mantle,
for incandescent gas lighting giving white light and high luminosity.
For this purpose I prepare a solution of thorium nitrate consisting of 4
grammes
of thorium nitrate in 10 cubic centimetres of water, and with this I mix 8 drops of
an iridium chloride solution containing about 0.0033 grammes of iridium in one cubic
centimetre of water. I apply this mixture in the usual way, impregnating a
suitable fabric with it, and burning away the fabric.
The incandescence mantle then consists of about 0.6 grammes of Th. O2 and
0.00034 grammes of iridium.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
An incandescence mantle containing in addition to thoria a small quantity of
iridium, substantially as described.
Dated this 13th day of November 1896.
FAIRFAX & WETTER,
37 and 39, Essex Street, Straud, London, Agents.