Improvements in or connected with Furnaces.
Year: 1897

page_text: ,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Furnaces.
I, WILLIAM BROTHERS, of Higher Clewes Chemical Works, Rawtenstall, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention is designed to provide for the more complete combustion of fuel
in furnaces for heating kilns ovens stills vats retorts salt pans chemical furnaces
and other descriptions of furnaces, resulting in the increase of heat duty obtain-
able from the fuel the prevention or almost entire abatement of smoke at the
chimney along with the entire or nearly entire absence of the noxious carbonic
oxide gas at the exit.
In carrying out the invention I construct a furnace or furnaces of suitable
dimensions of fire bricks or other suitable materials and I construct a combustion
chamber or chambers of suitable dimensions of fire bricks or tiles preferably behind
such furnace or furnaces.
Around the whole or part of the sides and upper part of said furnace or furnaces
I build an air chamber or chambers of suitable size and dimensions composed of
fire bricks or tiles or other suitable material and I heat said air chamber or chambers
by means of the heat from said furnace or furnaces.
I construct openings or ports of suitable size preferably in the side or sides of
the furnace or furnaces, without however restricting myself to any specific place or
places for such openings or ports and I cause these openings or ports to lead into
or communicate with the said air chamber or chambers.
All the gases generated in said furnace or furnaces are allowed to pass through
said openings or ports into the air chamber or chambers in which the combustion
continues, the furnace or furnaces having preferably with the exception of these
openings or ports and the charging door or doors of, and the fire bars underneath,
the furnace or furnaces no other outlet or inlet.
Upon the top or tops, or at the side or sides, or at the front of the air chamber
or chambers or other convenient position, I place inlets provided with regulators
for the admission of air into said air chamber or chambers.
The regulators of the inlets to the air chamber or chambers are opened from time
to time if, or as much as may be required to admit air to aid combustion of the
gases when the furnace door or doors are closed.
To provide against an inrush of air into the furnace or furnaces when the furnace
door or doors are opened for whatever purpose, the regulators of the inlets for the
admission of air to the air chamber or chambers are preferably connected by a
mechanical or other contrivance to the furnace door or doors or otherwise so
arranged or adjusted as to be opened as much as necessary when the furnace door
or doors are opened. Dampers may also be provided for the ports or openings
leading from the furnace to the air chambers to regulate the draught or the passage
of gases therethrough.

page_text: I cause the said air chamber or chambers to communicate with the combustion
chamber or chambers, and the combustion chamber or chambers to communicate
into the interior where heat is required.
In addition to the inlets provided with regulators for the admission of air to the
air chamber or chambers I place one or more apertures in the combustion chamber
or chambers, and provide such apertures with regulators for the admission of air
when and as required direct into the combustion chamber or chambers.
The main principle of my invention consists in obtaining by means of my
furnace in conjunction with the air chamber and combustion chamber as described
and the duly regulated supply of air thereto by means of the inlets and apertures
mentioned (when once the fuel in the furnace has become sufficiently heated and
the air chamber has become fully heated) not only a very largely increased heat
duty from the fuel, a large if not entire abatement of the smoke nuisance, but also
the nearly complete if not complete absence of the noxious and wasteful carbonic
oxide gas at the exit.
In operation the fuel is thrown or fed into the furnace or furnaces upon the burn-
ing fuel therein, a regulated amount of air being admitted preferably through the
bars of the furnace or furnaces, hydro-carbon, carbonic oxide, and carbonic acid
gases being produced in the furnace or furnaces, and these gases passing through
openings or ports of the furnace or furnaces into the air chamber or chambers and
supplied by the inlets there with such regulated amount of air as may be required
are passed into the combustion chamber or chambers where an additional regulated
amount of air may if required be admitted. In the air chamber or chambers and
in the combustion chamber or chambers the gases originally produced in the
furnace or furnaces undergo further or more complete combustion and attain a much
greater degree of heat than when they left the furnace or furnaces the combustion
being so perfect that little or no carbonic oxide is observable at the exit.
When the furnace or furnaces are in regular work there is little or no smoke
observable from the chimney, and further there is little or no smoke observable
from the chimney even when the furnace door or doors are opened for the purpose
of putting on fresh fuel or for clinkering owing to the mechanical or other con-
trivance adopted by means of which the air inlets to the air or combustion chambers
are opened to a greater extent when the furnace door or doors are opened, so that
when the draught of the chimney acting but little upon the furnace or furnaces
draws but little additional air through the door or doors of the furnace such
chimney draught being mainly satisfied with the secondary air supplied for the
time being through the air inlets opened simultaneously or as nearly as possible
simultaneously by the mechanical or other means when the furnace door or doors
are opened.
10.1
. 13
1007
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
Improvements in or connected with Furnaces.
I, WILLIAM BROTHERS, of Higher Clewes Chemical Works, Rawtenstall, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention is designed to provide for the more complete combustion of fuel
in furnaces for heating kilns, ovens, stills, vats, retorts, salt pans, chemical furnaces

page_text: nd other descriptions of furnaces resulting in the increase of heat duty obtainable
rom the fuel, the prevention or almost entire abatement of smoke at the chimney,
addition to the entire or nearly entire absence of the noxious carbonic oxide
as at the exit.
The invention relates to a modification of the furnace described in my specifica-
on No. 3724 of 1897, to render it applicable to all classes of structures requiring
o be heated, other than steam boilers.
It will be fully described with reference to the necom.nenring
De lutly described witn reference to the ne
Fig. 1. Longitudinal section.
Fig. 2. Sectional plan.
Fig. 3. Transverse section on line a. Fig. 1.
Fig. 4. Transverse section on line y-y, Fig. 1.
The furnace is constructed of suitable dimensions of fire brick or other suitable
material, with furnace chambers A to receive the fuel, air chambers F into which
a regulated quantity of air is admitted and through which the products of com-
bustion pass, and a combustion chamber or chambers E of suitable dimensions
behind the furnace.
The air chambers F extend preferably around the sides and upper part of the
furnace chambers A, and are connected with them by the passages Hand
openings G through which the products of combustion pass. The openings G are
in the sides or walls of the furnace chambers A, and are preferably placed at a
level somewhat higher than the grate bars, and all the gases generated in the
furnace chambers A pass through the openings G into the passages H and air
chambers F into the combustion chambers E.
The furnace chambers (where two such chambers are required) are built with a
division or wall B, and provided with grate or fire bars C, and ashpan D) which
contains water.
In the front of the air chambers F or in other convenient position, are placed
inlet apertures f, which are regulated by a door or damper M to admit the desired
amount of air, to promote secondary combustion in the combustion chamber E.
In addition if desired one or more apertures, such as f¹ Fig. 1 may lead direct
into the combustion chamber E.
The regulating doors or valves M are connected with the furnace doors K by a
chain or the like, whereby, when the furnace door is opened, the valve M is also
fully opened, and I thus prevent an inrush of cold air into the furnace chambers A
when the doors are opened for any purpose whatever, the air inlets f when fully
opened being mainly sufficient to suply the chimney draught.
The combustion chamber E is placed in communication with the interior of the
structure where the heat is required. The furnace is placed in any convenient
position relative to the structure to be heated either inside or outside, as may be
found most suitable.
The operation of the furnace is similar to that described in my specification
No. 3724 of 1897.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The combination with a kiln, oven, still, retort, salt pan, chemical furnace
and other descriptions of furnaces or structures to be heated (other than a steam
generator) of a furnace constructed with interior furnace chamber or chambers to
receive the fuel air chamber or chambers around the furnace chamber or chambers,
and connected thereto by passages through which the products of combustion pass,
a combustion chamber placed behind the furnace and in communication only with
the air chamber, and regulator valves or doors for the air chambers to regulate the
quantity of air admitted, substantially as described.
2. The combination with kilns, ovens, stills, vats, retorts, pans, chemical calcin-
ing and other descriptions of furnaces and structures (other than steam boilers) to

page_text: be heated, of the furnace described in my specification No. 3724 of 1897, substanti-
ally as described and shown.
Dated this 13th day of November 1897.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.