Improvements in Internal Combustion and other Engines and Compressors.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 20th June,
1000
Complete Specification Left, 18th Mar.. 1899 -Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 18th Mar.. 1899-Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1899
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Internal Combustion and other Engines and
Compressors.
We, CHARLES MONTAGUE LINLEY, of St. Lukes Road, Clapham, London, S.W.,
Manager, and CHARLES THOMAS BROCK SANGSTER, a Director and Works Manager
of The Cycle Components Manufacturing Company Limited, of Bournbrook, near
Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
:-
This invention has relation principally to internal combustion engines, but is
applicable also to steam, hot-air and other motors and also to air and other com-
pressors, and has for its objects, to provide means for varying or differentiating
the piston stroke so as to increase the speed and vary the power of the engine with
or without the employment or aid of auxiliary speed gearing, and also (in con-
nection with internal combustion engines) to effect a corresponding or pro-
portional variation of the area of the compression chamber in the cylinder, so that
the area of the compression space is always at a proper ratio relative to the piston
stroke.
In carrying out the invention in connection with an internal combustion engine,
the outer end of the piston rod is jointedly connected to one end of the base a
triangular or inverted T-shaped beam, whose other end is likewise jointedly con-
nected to a coupling rod which drives a crank or crank plate or other gear on the
driven shaft of the engine. This rocking beam is mounted or swings upon a shifting
fulcrumi, whose position is controlled or governed by a link or links, whose inner
ends are jointed together so that they are capable of relatively opening and closing,
whilst their outer ends are jointed to the apex of the beam and to the fixed framing
or bracket of the engine respectively.
The jointed together ends of these fulcrum links are in connection with an out-
standing rod, bar or equivalent, whose position is shifted by suitable means con-
trolled by the driver of the engine and which is made to engage with the teeth of
a rack, or other series of stops, so as to hold the said system of fulcrum links in
any desired position, according to the position of the fulcrum relative to the
piston-rod end of the beam.
Also jointed to the piston-rod end of the beam or rocking frame, is a hanging
radius arm or controlling. link, whose other end is suitably pivoted to a bracket or -
other fixed part of the engine.
Assuming that the engine is required to give a full stroke so as to modify the
speed and increase the power, the position of the jointed-together ends of the
fulcrum links is shifted, by the hand-operated means provided for that purpose,
so as to increase the distance between them and the point of connection of the
rocking beam, with the piston-rod, and the imaginary centre about which the
beam rocks, which falls coincident or nearly so with the said joint of the fulcrum
links, is correspondingly shifted. This admits of the piston making a long stroke
to every revolution of the driven shaft, and a corresponding greater compression
space is provided in the cylinder. In order to now shorten the stroke and increase
the speed, the joint ends of the fulcrum links are moved nearer to the piston-rod

page_text: end of the beam, whose imaginary centre is also shifted, whereby the stroke is
decreased, and the compression space reduced in a corresponding ratio, it being
thus understood that the positions of the joint of the radius arms and the imaginary
centre of the beam always remain coincident or nearly so with one another and
have collateral movement, and that when the point is shifted by the driver the
other point makes a corresponding movement.
The controlling or radius link disposed between the fore end of the piston rod
and a fixed point on the engine prevents the fore end from describing a circular
path and only admits of the said fore end making a comparatively short curvilinear
movement, which in turn rocks the beam whose angular motion is converted into
rotation by the coupling rod and crank of the driven shaft.
The invention may, with slight modifications, be employed to hot air, steam
and other engines, and also to air and water compressors, and when applied to air
compressions automatic means, governed or controlled by the pressure of the air
in the reservoir, may be arranged for shifting the fulcrum or centre of the rocking
beam, so that as the pressure of air in, the reservoir becomes great the throw or
stoke of the compression ram is lengthened and made more powerful.
1
ሰበ
T
1000
Improvements in Internal Combustion and other Engines and
Compressors.
We, CHARLES MONTAGUE LINLEY, of St. Lukes Road, Clapham, London, S.W.,
Manager, and CHARLES THOMAS BROCK SANGSTER, a Director and Works Manager
of The Cycle Components Manufacturing Company Limited, of Bournbrook, near
Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention has relation principally to internal combustion engines, but is
applicable also to steam, hot air and other motors and also to air and other compres
sors, and has for its objects, to provide means for varying or differentiating the
piston stroke so as to increase the speed and vary the power of the engine prin-
cipally without the employment or aid of auxiliary speed gearing, and also (when
applied to internal combustion engines) to effect a corresponding or proportional
variation of the area of the compression chamber in the cylinder, so that the area
of the compression space is always at a proper ratio relative to the piston stroke.
In the accompanying drawings the improved means for variating the piston
strake is shown applied to an internal combustion engine.
Figure 1 shows the parts of the engine set to give a short stroke, with a corre-
spondingly small compression and combustion space in the cylinder. In this view
the full lines represent the parts in the positions they assume when the piston is in
its rear-most position as at the completion of the compression and exhaust strokes,
whilst the dotted lines show the said parts in the positions they take when the
piston is at the point of completing its forward suction and impulse strokes.
Figure 2 is another view of the same engine-but adjusted to give the maximum
length of stroke with a proportionately larger area in the compression and com-
bustion space. The full lines show the positions of the parts when the piston is at the

page_text: termination of its back stroke and the dotted lines indicate their positions when
the said piston is at the end of its forward stroke.
In this application of the invention to an internal combustion engine, the outer
end of the piston rod a, whose piston b, traverses a cylinder e, as usual, is
jointedly connected at b', to one end of the base of a triangular or other shaped
rocking beam d, whose other end d', is likewise jointedly connected to a coupling
rode, which drives a crank or crank plate f, or other gear on the driven shaft g, of
the engine. This rocking beam is mounted or swings upon a shifting centre or
fulcrum h, the position of which is controlled or governed by a pair of links i, j,
whose inner ends i, j, are jointed together at, so that they are capable of
relatively opening and closing, whilst their outer ends 3, 3, are respectively
jointed the former at h, to the apex of the beam and the latter at k¹, to a
bracket k, mounted on the fixed framing of the engine.
The link, of the said system is connected to, or made to form a part of, a
quadrant or like frame m, an edge or other convenient part is toothed or made
in the form of a curved rack, with the teeth of the same engaged by a worm n,
cut around or formed upon the end of a shaft o, which is mounted in suitable
bearings o, in the fixed frame of the engine and has secured to it, in a position
easily accessible to the driver of the engine, a hand wheel o³, or other means for
rotating the said worm and consequently shifting the positions of the links i, ja
and altering the situation of the fulcrum of the rocking beam.
The teeth of the quadrant rack, also constitute a series of stops, which hold the
said system of fulcrum links in any desired position, according to the position of
the fulcrum relative to the piston rod end of the beam.
Also jointed to the piston-rod end of the beam or rocking frame, is a hanging
radius arm or controlling link p, whose other end is suitably pivoted at p¹, to a
bracket or other fixed part of the engine.
Assuming that the engine is required to give a full stroke so as to modify the
speed and increase the power, the position of the jointed-together ends of the
fulcrum links is shifted, by the hand-operated means provided for that purpose,
so as to increase the distance between them and the point of connection of the
rocking beam with the piston-rod, and the imaginary centre about which the beam
rocks, which falls coincident or nearly so with the said joint of the fulcrum links,
is correspondingly shifted. This brings the parts into position such as represented
in Figure 2 and admits of the piston making a long stroke to every revolution of
the driven shaft, and a corresponding greater compression space is provided in
the cylinder. In order to now shorten the stoke and increase the speed, the
joint ends of the fulcrum links are moved nearer to the piston-rod end of the
beam, whose imaginary centre is also shifted, so that the parts then assume a
position such as represented in Figure 1, whereby the stroke is decreased, and
the compression space reduced in a corresponding ratio, it being thus understood
that the positions of the joint of the radius arms and the imaginary centre of the
Leam always remain coincident or nearly so with one another and have collateral
movement, and that when the one point is shifted by the driver the other point
makes a corresponding movement.
The controlling or radius link disposed between the fore end of the piston rod
and a fixed point on the engine prevents the fore end from describing a circular
path and compels the said fore end to make a comparatively short curvilinear
movement, which in turn rocks the beam whose angular motion is converted into
rotation by the coupling rod and crank of the driven shaft.
The invention may, with slight modifications, be applied to hot air, steam and
other engines, and also to air and water compressors, and when applied to air
compressors, automatic means, governed or controlled by the pressure of the air
in the reservoir, may be arranged for shifting the fulcrum or centre of the rocking
beam, so that as the pressure of air in the reservoir becomes great the throw or
stroke of the compression ram is lengthened and made more powerful.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what, we
claim is
First: In variable stroke internal-combustion and other engines, the employ-
ment in conjunction with the piston rod, and intermediate between it and the
connecting rod to the driven shaft of the engine, of a rocking beam or equivalent
member, mounted upon a shifting or movable fulcrum and provided with a radius
aim or controlling link, substantially as set forth.
Secondly Invariable-stroke internal combustion and other engines, the
employment in conjunction with the piston rod and intermediate between it and
its connecting rod, of a rocking beam or equivalent member, controlled in its
movement by a radius arm, and mounted on or swinging from a link which is
jointed to a second and movable or adjustable link carried upon the fixed framing
of the engine, substantially as described and set forth.
Thirdly In variable stroke internal combustion and other engines, the means
as herein described for varying the length of the piston stroke and proportionately
changing the area of the compression chamber in the cylinder, comprising a rock-
ing beam connected at one end with the engine piston rod and at the other end to
a connecting rod and fulcrumed to a swinging link hung from a movable arm,
quadrant or frame having rack teeth gearing with a hand-operated worm or other
means for changing the position of the said arm and at the same time shifting the
fulcrum of the beam whose movement is governed by a controlling link, jointed
at one end to the engine framing and at the other end to the said beam, at or near
the point of its connection with the piston rod, with the whole of the parts being
arranged and operating, substantially as herein set forth.
_
Fourthly In variable stroke air compressors, the employment of means
arranged and operating substantially as herein described and set forth for varying
the stroke of the compressing piston.
1 11.
1000
CHARLES MONTAGUE LINLEY,
CHARLES THOMAS BROCK SANGSTER.
By Henry Skerrett,
24, Temple Row, Birmingham,
Agent for Applicants.
CHARLES MONTAGUE LINLEY,
CHARLES THOMAS BROCK SANGSTER.
By Henry Skerrett,
24, Temple Row, Birmingham,
Agent for Applicants.