CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Harrison, Robert Harrison, and
Alexander Stewart Harrison, of Dromore, County Down, Ireland,
Cambric Manufacturers, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE AND
OTHER FABRICS."
Sealed the 8th June 1858, and dated the 8th December 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Harrison,
Robert Harrison, and Alexander Stewart Harrison at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
8th December 1852.
We, JOHN HARRISON, ROBERT HARRISON, and ALEXANDER STEWART
HARRISON, of Dromore, County Down, Ireland, Cambric Manu-
facturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
TEXTILE AND OTHER FABRICS" to be as follows:-
By means of a box or boxes, either double or single, attached to

page_text: the slays (of the loom) for holding the shuttles (to which a pulley
is attached, enabling the weaver to raise and lower the boxes
containing the shuttles to a perfect level of the road or shuttle
race on the slays, along which the shuttle is thrown), and
by adding to the box or boxes an open space for the shuttle driver
to rest in, while the weaver is lifting or lowering the box or boxes.
The shuttles severally hold the one coarse weft for the bottom, the
other fine weft for the top of the plait.
By means of three additional treddles attached to a fronting loom
for making a shed, or lifting every alternate thread in the warp on
the small beam of the loom, and which said improvements are
added to the Jacquard loom at present in use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said John Harrison, Robert Harrison, and
Alexander Stewart Harrison in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 8th June 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
JOHN HARRISON, ROBERT HARRISON, and ALEXANDER STEWART
HARRISON, of Dromore, in the County of Down, Ireland, Cambric
Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said John Harrison, Robert Harrison, and
Alexander Stewart Harrison, Her special licence that we, the said John
Harrison, Robert Harrison, and Alexander Stewart Harrison, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
John Harrison, Robert Harrison, and Alexander Stewart Harrison,
time agrec
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdoin of Great Britain

page_text: and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
TEXTILE AND OTHER FABRICS," upon condition (amongst others) that
we, the said John Harrison, Robert Harrison, and Alexander Stewart
Harrison, some or one of us, by an instrument in writing under our
hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of some or one of us,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Harrison, Robert Harrison,
and Alexander Stewart Harrison, do hereby declare the nature of
our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):
Our Invention consists in the addition or application of certain
improvements to looms used in the manufacture or weaving of
various textile and other fabrics, but which more particularly relates
to shirt and other frontings, and such like description of manu-
factured articles or fabrics, and which improvements will more par-
ticularly and at large appear upon reference being had to the
accompanying Drawings, and which we will now proceed to describe
as follows (that is to say):
Figure 1, represents a side elevation of a loom used for
the purposes before mentioned.
Figure 2, represents a front
clevation of the same; and Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, views of de-
tached parts or portions of such loom or looms, with our improve-
ments added thereto, delineated for the purpose of more clearly
and distinctly shewing and setting forth the nature of our im-
provements. The letters of reference on each of the views denote
similar corresponding parts of the whole. A, A, Figures 1, and 2,
represent the framework of a loom, having a large beam B, B, on
which a certain quantity of the warp yarn, equal to two thirds of
the whole quantity required is placed, and which said warp yarn

page_text: works or throws off on to a smaller beam C, C, to any quantity that
may be required for any particular set of web. D, D, represents six
leaves of geers through which the warp yarn off the beams B, B,
and C, C, is drawn. E, E, represents seven treddles, which are attached
or affixed by cords or other suitable means to six small marches
F, F, which said marches are used for sinking or lowering the geers.
G, G, represent six long marches, which are attached or otherwise
affixed by, and which said marches run perpendicularly to, six
coupers H, H, such coupers acting on a rod running or passing
through their centre. These said coupers are for the purpose of
lifting the geers D, D, acting in opposition (that is to say), one
sinking or lowering, and the other lifting or raising, the different
levers of geers D, D, to which they may be attached, thereby causing
a shed, or what may be otherwise termed a raising or sinking every
alternate thread to be made through which the shuttle of the weaver
containing the weft passes, and which is then drawn up by the slays
I, in which the reed is placed, and through which the warp yarn is
drawn three threads in each split. Two of these threads form the
upper part of the plait, which is the yarn off the large beam B, B;
and one thread, the under part of the plait, is the yarn off the smaller
beam C; which is filled up with coarse weft, equal to one third of
the whole quantity required.
Figure 3, represents a section of the common and ordinary
slay now in use; and Figure 4, is likewise a sectional drawing of
the same, with our improvements added thereto. No. 1, is the
road or shuttle race along which the shuttle is thrown, and with
which the boxes containing the shuttle in use must necessarily
be on a perfect level; No. 2, is the pulley and cord shewn by the
dotted lines a, a, by means of which the weaver is enabled to
raise and lower the boxes containing the shuttles to a perfect level
with the road or shuttle race; No. 3, is the box which contains or
holds a shuttle or reed for holding fine weft of two threads, which
forms the upper part of the plait, being the yarn off the large beamn
B, of the loom; and No. 4, is the box which contains or holds the
shuttle or reed for holding coarse weft of one thread, which forms

page_text: the under part of the plait, being the yarn off the small beams C, C,
of the loom.
Figure 5, is a side view of two shuttle boxes drawn to an en-
larged scale.
No. 1, contains the fine weft shuttle; and No. 2,
the coarse weft shuttle, the upper shuttle box No. 1, is repre-
sented in its position when on a level with the road or shuttle
race on the slays and the position of the lower shuttle box No. 2,
is represented as when not in use; No. 3, is an open space necessary
for lifting the upper shuttle box No. 1, into to enable the weaver
to bring the lower shuttle box No. 2, upon a level with the road or
shuttle race on the slays; No. 4, is an open space for the shuttle
driver to rest in, while the weaver or other person is adjusting or
lifting the shuttle boxes.
Figure 6, is a front view of the shuttle boxes; and Figure 7, is
an end view of the same.
Having thus described the nature of a loom, with our improve-
ments added thereto, we will now more particularly advert to the
purposes and application (in the manufacture of textile and other
fabrics) of our Invention (that is to say): By means of three
additional treddles (four only hitherto having been used) for causing
ashed, or lifting every alternate thread in the warp, as before described
at C, Figure 2, and likewise the introduction of double boxed slays
for containing two shuttles; the one for the purpose of holding
coarse weft, the other fine weft, and by which means we are enabled
to produce shirt and other frontings, and other like manufactured
fabrics with the plait interwoven; thereby presenting a greater
uniformity of surface less liable to wear, and other like advantages
over the present mode of manufacturing shirt frontings and other
similar fabrics.
Having thus described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, we would remark that
we do not confine ourselves to any particular form or configuration
of which the different parts of our improvements or additions to the
ordinary loom may consist, nor do we confine ourselves to the
material or materials of which the same may be composed; but

page_text: what we claim as our Invention is the addition of three treddles for
making a shed, or lifting every alternate thread in the warp on the
small beaui C, as described, and likewise the addition of double boxed
slays.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Harrison, Robert Harrison,
and Alexander Stewart Harrison, have hereunto set our
hands and seals, this Third day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
Witness,
JOHN HARRISON.
ROBERT HARRISON.
(L.S.)
(LAS.)
ALEXANDER STEWART HARRISON. (L.S.)
HUGH STEWART,
D. Registrar of the Diocese of Dromore: