CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CERTAIN KINDS OF CARPETS OR OTHER FABRICS OP LIKE CHARACTER
Year: 1846

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ERASTUS"
B. BIGELOW, of Boston, in the State of Massachusetts, of the United States of-
North America, Engineer, send greeting.
.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her..
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Eleventh day of March, in the ninth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Erastus B. Bigelow, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Erastus B. Bigelow, my exors, adñiors, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Erastus B. Bigelow, my exors, admors, or assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney,, Sark, and Man,,
and in all Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention..
of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING CERTAIN KINDS OF CARPETS OR
OTHER FABRICS OP LIKE CHARACTER;" in which said Letters Patent is contained
a proviso, that I, the said Erastus B. Bigelow, shall cause a particular..
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said. Majesty's High Court of
Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of
the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being
thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Erastus: B Bigelow, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to: tlie Drawings: hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon:
My Invention consists, first, of certain new and useful improvements in looms
for weaving: two or three-ply ingrain carpeting, or such other figured fabrics
as may be successfully woven by the said looms.
Second of certain new and useful improvements in looms for weaving
Brussels carpeting, or such other fabrics as may be successfully produced
thereby..
In: specifying the nature thereof, I shall first describe those portions of the
same which relate particularly to the weaving of ingrain carpets, and which
consist; first;. in: the manner in which I construct and combine the cams for
operating the lay, so as to give to it a vibratory intermittent motion. Second,
in the manner in which I combine and operate four sets or series of shuttle
Boxes; said! four: sets or series being so arranged as to enable me to operate
two of said sets or series only, or the four together, as the fabric to be woven
may require, the number of shuttle boxes in each set or series being varied at
pleasure! Third, in the combination or organization of mechanism for raising
and lowering; certain of the aforesaid series of shuttle boxes in the manner
required to produce any given pattern or figure to be wrought. Fourth, in a
certain combination or new organization of mechanism for operating the picker
staffs or levers; by which the several shuttles are thrown in the order required.
Fifth; in a certain peculiar mechanism or combination of parts, by which I am
enabled to arrest the operation of the loom whenever the shuttle is thrown
and does not properly enter the shuttle box intended to receive it. Sixth, in
the mechanism or combination of parts, by which I am enabled to arrest the
motion of a shuttle when it has arrived at a certain position in one of the
shuttle boxes of one of the several series of the same, which move up and
down, and to allow the picker to free itself from the pointed end of the said
shuttle; in order that the said moveable series of shuttle boxes may rise or fall
without being obstructed by the picker. Seventh, in certain moveable or
turning guide plates applied to certain parts of the loom frame, in order to
prevent. accidents from occuring to the loom or a shuttle whenever the latter
projects from a shuttle box..
Having thus premised, I shall now proceed to describe the several parts
of my improved loom for the weaving of ingrain carpets, of the Drawings
A

page_text: therefor, and which are duly designated by their title, "
weaving ingrain carpets.".
power loom for
Figure 1 denotes a front elevation of a carpet loom constructed so as to
contain my improvements; Figure 2 is a rear elevation thereof; Figure 3
is an elevation of the right end of it; Figure 4 is an elevation of the opposite
or left end of it; Figure 5-is a vertical, central, and transverse section of it,
taken as though the eye of the spectator was directed towards its right end;
Figure 6 is another central, vertical, and transverse section of the said,
loom, taken as though the spectator was looking towards its left end. Such.
other Figures as may be necessary to more fully exhibit the construction of
various parts of the mechanism will be herein-after mentioned and described..
In the several Drawings of my said loom for weaving ingrain carpets or
various other fabrics I have not exhibited the jacquard machine, the. har-
resses, nor the cams and treaddles by which they are operated, neither have I.
represented the let-off and take-up machinery or motions..
.
A, A, (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,) represent the two vertical cast-iron ends of;
the main frame of the loom,; the said ends being connected together by any.
suitable.number of horizontal cross bars B, B, &c.; C is the main or driving
shaft, whose journals are supported' and revolve in boxes D, D,-applied to the.
tops of two standards E, F. The said main shaft has one fast pulley G and
one loose pulley H.arranged upon or near one end of it, as seen in Figure 1..
The band which proceeds from the moving power and actuates the loom is.
caused. to pass around and made to turn one or the other of the said,
pullies; it being; thrown upon the fast pulley when the loom is to be put-
in action and upon the loose pulley, when the loom is to be stopped. The,
said band is to be: moved from one to the other by a shifting fork or
lever I, such as is generally used in looms. A toothed pinion K on the driving
shaft engages with a large; toothed wheel L, fixed upon a horizontal cam
sliaft M, and consequently when revolved imparts a rotating movement to the
said cam shaft. Upon the cam shaft M is another cogged wheel X (see
Figures:1, 6), which engages with a cogged wheel-Y fixed upon another short
horizontal shaft.Z, and thereby when it (the cogged wheel-X) revolves it
imports motion to the said shaft Z. The shaft Z has a cogged pinion &³ affixed
upon or near one end of it: The said pinion engages with a geer wheel d³,
fixed upon a horizontal cam shaft. The cams by which the jacquard.
ápparatus is operated are to be placed upon. this latter shaft. They are not.
represented in the Drawings, as they constitute no part of my new improve->
ments. The said shaft also imparts motion by means of two geers bato,
the mechanism (herein-after described), by which the picker staffs are thrown

page_text: ör operated. In order that the relative rotatory movements of the several
cogged wheels and their shafts may be more fully understood, I would remark
that the pinion is constructed with sixteen teeth, the wheel L, which is
actuated by the said 'pinion, with one hundred and eight, the geer X with
fifty, the geer Y with one hundred, the geer e³ with thirty, the geer d³ with
sixty, the geer 6 with twenty-five, and the geer a³ with fifty of said teeth.
The first improvement to be described is the mechanism. by. which the lay is
operated.
In this loom, the shuttle boxes being disconnected from the lay, require
the latter to be moved quickly when it beats up the cloth, also to remain
at rest while the shuttles are thrown, all of which is effected by me-
chanism which I shall now proceed to explain.. N, denotes the race beam
of the lay, and O, P, the swords thereof, the same being attached to the loom
frame in the usual manner. The said lay is operated or moved forward and
backward by means of two grooved cams Q, Q, fixed upon the ends of the
cam shaft M, there being one of said cams on each end of the said shaft,
as seen in the Drawings. Each of the said cams is grooved upon its outer
face, as seen in Figures 3, 4, and more particularly in Figure 7, which
denotes an external or side view of one of the cams as detached from its shaft.
Each cam has a small roller R placed upon it in the position as seen in
Figures 4 & 7, the said roller being made to turn or revolve upon a cylin-
drical pin S, inserted in and projecting from the cam, and between the two
extremities of its groove, as denoted in the last-named Figure. The said roller
projects entirely beyond the groove of the cam and enters and moves in a
curved groove or opening T made through the sword of the lay, as seen more
particularly in Figure 8, which denotes a view of that part of the inner side of
the right sword of the lay, in which said groove or passage T is formed. The
passage T has an opening U at top and another V at bottom, the said openings
being for the purpose of allowing the roller R to enter into and depart from
the passage T during the revolution of the cam Q. There is another and similar
roller W similarly applied to the rear side of each sword, in the position as seen
in the Drawings, the said roller being received or acting within the groove of
the cam Q during a portion of its revolution. It is by means of the grooves of
the two cams, the passages of the two swords and' their respective rollers, as
above described, that the lay is caused to advance, retreat, and remain
stationary during proper intervals of time, in order to allow of the change of
the warps and operation of the 'shuttles. The main object in the employment
of two cams and two rollers at each, end of the lay is to prevent. as far as
possible wear of the roller W, which moves in the groove of the cam Q, for it
1. 4.

page_text: is by means of the said roller that the lay is kept perfectly stationary during
the throw of. a shuttle, the roller then moving or passing, through the semi-
circular part of the groove of the cam Q. This, roller should fit well and play
so closely in the said semicircular part of the groove as to keep the front. face
of the reed perfectly still and in its proper place during a throw of a shuttle,
as, were it not so a very trifling movement forward of the reed or lay would cause
the shuttle to be thrown out of the loom, or to miss the shuttle box into which
it is to be thrown. When the lay beats up, the roller R moving in the central
part of the passage T, drives or forces the reed against the filling, and performs
such office in the place of the other roller; therefore all or most of the
friction which tends to wear the rollers is thrown upon the roller R, and the
difficulty which would soon arise from a reduction of the diameter of the
roller W is thus avoided.
The next or succeeding improvement to be described in the manner in which
I combine and operate four sets or series of shuttle boxes. By means of the
same arranged and working together, as herein-after described, I am enabled
to adapt my improved loom to the weaving of a great variety of styles and
descriptions of goods. The peculiar nature or character of my improvement
to be now explained consists in a combination of four sets or series of shuttle
boxes applied to two pendulous vibrating or moving frames, which are
respectively arranged so as to have the lay between them and to be dis
connected from it, and to alternately move backwards and forwards.in directions
parallel to those in which the lay moves, the said sets of shuttle boxes, or
two or three of them, being made at suitable times to rise and fall.or. move
upwards and downwards, so as to change the positions of the respective shuttle
boxes of the one to those of the other, in the manner as will be herein-after
explained. The four sets of shuttle boxes are represented at d', d', d', &c.,
&', e¹, e¹, &c., (as seen in Figure 1), and at f¹, f, and g', as seen in Figure 2.
The two former sets (viz. d', d', d', &c., e¹, e', e', &c.,) are disposed in front of
the others respectively. Each two adjacent sets is applied to one of two
vibrating frames, each of which is composed of two rails or bars s, t,.or
u, v, which are kept in their parallel positions by any number of cross
rods or bars c', c', extending from one of the said rails: to the other (of either.
two thereof), as seen in Figure 1, and being properly secured to the
same. Figure 10 is a vertical and central, section of the two series of
shuttle boxes d', d¹, &c., g', while Figure 11, is a similar section of the
series e, e', e¹, &c., f, f, each section being taken as if the eye of.the.
spectator was directed towards the lay.. The said sections therefore exhibit
The shuttle boxes of each set
parts of each of the rails or bars t, u.

page_text: d', d', &c., e, e', &c., are made of a series of shelves h¹, h²; arranged with regard
to one another, and projecting from a plate , -as represented in the
Drawings. Each shelf has a plate k¹ affixed to its outer or front edge, so
as to extend above and below it, as seen in Figures I, 10, 11: Each plate
should be applied to its rails s, t; or u, v, in such manner as to slide freely up
and down between plates or secondary rails I, I, fastened to the said rails's, t
or u, v, in the positions as seen in the Drawings. A counterbalance weight
mis applied to each of said series of shuttle boxes d', d, &c., e¹, e; &c., by
means of a chain n', which is attached at one end to the top part of the plate ;
from thence extends upwards, and is wound several-times around a helical
grooved pulley o' upon a shaft p¹ or q¹, thence passes over a grooved pulley. p
(in rear of the pulley o¹) and is fastened to the depending counterbalance
weight m', as seen in the Drawings. The series f¹; f¹ of shuttle boxes is
also to be applied to the frame or rails s, t, so as to be capable of being
raised' and lowered by mechanism, such as I shall herineafter describe. The
shuttle box g' is made stationary between its rails u, v, or instead thereof a
series of boxes-made to operate like the series f¹; f1, may be employed when
the fabric to be wrought requires the same. The vibrating frames, which
sustain the four series of shuttle boxes, are each to be made by their
mechanism to advance and retreat a'sufficient distance, and in such manner
as to alternately bring one of the shuttle boxes of each series attached to it
into range with the race beam of the lay when the said race: beam has
retreated to the utmost allowable extent. The said vibrating frames should
.be so moved in connection with one another, that whenever any one shuttle
box of the front series of shuttle boxes of the one frame is in range with the
race beam of the lay, some one shuttle box of the rear series of shuttle boxes
of the other frame shall be also in line with the lay openings, suitable to permit
the passage of a shuttle from each shuttle-box of the two series f¹; f'; 'g should
be made through the inner rails t, u: One of the said openings, or that which
belongs to the shuttle boxes 'f, f; is partially exhibited at in Figure 6;
the other opening is represented at s¹ in Figure 10. In weaving common
two-ply carpeting, the shuttles containing the various colored filling required
to form the first or ground ply of the carpet are placed in one of the front
series of shuttle boxes, and the shuttles containing the filling required to
form the second or figured ply of the carpet are placed in the other front series
of shuttle boxes, and a thread of filling from each class of colors is alternately.
introduced into the warps, first a thread for the ground ply, and then a thread
for the figured ply, then one for the ground, and so on. Now, by moving the
vibrating frames simultaneously in opposite directions, and causing the shuttles

page_text: of either of the front series of boxes to work into their respective back box.or
series of boxes, as aforesaid, the said two classes of colours are kept seperate
from each other during the process of weaving and changing the shuttle boxes.
In weaving the styles of two-ply carpets, known as "plain and pillared ground,
an even number of threads of any given colour is always introduced, consequently
a shuttle thrown from any one of either of the front series of shuttle boxes:always
returns' to it again before a change is required; therefore, by moving the
front series of shuttle boxes up and down at proper intervals of time, as herein-
after to be described, (the said front series containing the filling for the second
or figured ply,) and allowing the other front series and the two back <series
of boxes to remain unchanged, as to their vertical position, we can produce
any variety of two-ply. carpeting, of, the style known as "plain ground."
By moving both of the front series of shuttle boxes up and down at
proper intervals of time, as aforesaid, and allowing the two back <series
of boxes to remain unaltered' as to their vertical positions, we can produce
all or nearly all the changes required to weave the various patterns Hof
carpeting of the style known as "pillared ground." In weaving the style
of carpets known as "shot about" or "shot and shot" the ground ply
is formed of two or more colors of filling, one thread of seach being
thrown successively one after the other. This requires; that the back set or
series of boxes opposite to or working in connection with the front series
containing the filling for the ground ply should be moved up and down, as
herein-after to be described. A still greater variety of changes may be mado
by moving the vibratory frames backwards and forwards simultaneously, and
working the two front series together and the two back series together;
especially, is this desirable in weaving some styles of three-ply carpeting. In
weaving more; simple styles of goods, I sometimes 'allow the vibratory shuttle
frame to remain at rest, and work only the front series ofy.boxes.
The next portion of the machinery to be described is that by which the two
front series of shuttle boxes d', d', &c. e, e',; &c. are elevated and depressed in
the order required during the process of weaving. Upon the cam shaft Misa
cain or wiper f³, the same being in the position and of the form as seen in
Figures 1 and 6. 'Above the said cam f³ a lever g³ is arranged, as seen in the
Drawings, the said lever turning on a pin or fulcrum hat its inner end, and
having a friction roll applied to its front end and resting upon the cam f³.
The said lever has the lower end of a vertical rod ³ jointed to it in rear of its roll,
as seen in Figure 6, the upper end of the said rod being jointed to the extremity;
of an arın ; which projects from a horizontal shaft m³, whose journals rest and
move' in bearings n³, n³, &c., arranged as seen in the Drawings. The said

page_text: shaft m³ should have two more arms o³, p³, projecting from it in the positions
thereon, as seen in Figures 1, 2, and of the form and length as denoted in
Figures 5, 6, the arm o³ being represented in the former Figure and the
arm p³ in the latter. As the machinery intervening between the arm o
and the right series of shuttle boxes to be moved is substantially similar to
that which intervenes between the arm p³ and the left series of such
boxes, as will be seen by inspection of the Drawings, it will be only
necessary to describe that which is immediately connected with the arm p³.
The arm på has one end of a small connecting link ³ jointed to it (see
Figure 1), the form of the same corresponding to that of the link q3 of
the arm o³, represented. in Figure 5. The other end of the said link
is jointed to a frame r³, which is supported by, so as to slide up and
down upon a vertical rod 53, properly sustained in position. The said
frame carries two depending levers t³, u³, which are jointed to it at
their upper ends, or so that the lower end of each may move freely
back and forth towards or from a circular wheel or plate v, disposed
with respect to the lower ends of said levers as seen in Figures 1 and 6;
and fixed upon the inner end of the shaft p', which has fixed upon it
the helical grooved pulley o¹, as before described. The said circular plate
or wheel has a series of six pins w³, w³, &c. inserted in and projecting
from its inner edge, as seen in Figures 1, 2, and 6. The said plate has
also another series of six pins a³, x³, &c. projecting from the opposite
side of it,. and arranged equidistant. from each other, in a manner similar
to that in which the pins w³, w³, in the other side of the plate are dis-
posed, but in positions with regard to said pins w³, w³, as exhibited by
dotted circles y³, y³, &c. in Figure 6. By inspection of Figure 6, it will be
seen that the lower ends of the lever t³, u³, are notched, as seen at 2³, 23. It
will also be seen that directly below the wheel there is a stop a*, which is
shaped as seen in the Drawings, and plays vertically between guides 6*, b*,
fastened to the vibrating shuttle box frame. The said stop is forced upwards
or against such pins a³, a³, as it may rest in contact with by a helical spring c*,
which rests upon the lower guide 6, and presses against a shoulder or button d*;
fixed upon the shank of the stop. The object of the said stop is to hold the
series of shuttle boxes in their correct position after either of the depend-
ing levers t³, us, has been moved downwards and partially revolved the
wheel. The said correct position is ensured by the stop pressing at one and
the same time against two of the pins a³, a³, &c. and while it so presses against
them it prevents the wheel ³ from being turned around by any other power
than that of the depending levers t, u³, whose action upon said plate I shall now.

page_text: proceed more particularly to describe. The two depending levers t³, u³, are
connected by a helical spring e, one end of which is secured to one, and the
other end to the other of them, the said spring operating by its contractile
force in such manner as to draw the levers t, u, towards each other. Each
of the said levers has a small bent lever f*, arranged with respect to it as seen
in the Drawings, and turning upon a fixed fulcrum g'. One arm of the said bent
lever f bears against the lever to which it belongs, and when raised upwards
(which takes place when the other arm is depressed) it throws the depending lever
away from the wheel . The other arm has a chain or cord h' attached to it,
to which (chain or cord a weight is appended, as seen in Figure 6, the said
weight being of sufficient size to pull down the said arm of the lever and over-
come the contractile power of the spring e, and thereby throw its lever t³ or u³
so far beyond the wheel ³ as not to act upon it (the wheel) when it (the lever)
descends, as will be berein-after described; there being two of the said bent
levers f, f, each is to be provided with its cord hand weight i', as seen in
the Drawings. As a common jacquard apparatus is to be applied to this loom
for the purpose of raising the warp threads in order to weave figured fabrics, it
is intended that the up-and-down movements of the two series of front shuttle
boxes shall be regulated and determined by the same. In order to accomplish
the said movements, it will only be necessary to connect the four cords h*, h*,
Figures 1, 5, 6, or their weights, with four of the cords of the jacquard
apparatus, and to prepare the pattern card or cards of said jacquard apparatus
so as to permit of the elevation of the cords h*, h*, h*, h*, or their weights, in
the order required. In Figures 1, 2, 5, and 6, the aforesaid jacquard cords
are shewn at k, k, &c., the jacquard apparatus being supposed to be disposed
over the loom. Now, whenever by the operation of the jacquard apparatus
one of the cords k is pulled upwards so as to raise the weight appended to it,
the spring e, being relieved of the action of the weight, will contract and draw
inwards or towards the wheel the lower end of that lever to the cord of
whose bent lever f the cord * may be attached. It should draw the lower
part of the said lever so far inwards, or towards the vertical line passing
through the centre of the inner face of the wheel ³, as to bring the notch 2³ of
said lever perpendicularly over one of the pins w³ which project from the
inner face of the wheel ³; consequently when the said lever is forced down-
wards with a sufficient degree of power its lower end will be pressed against
the pin w³ directly beneath it, and will partially turn the wheel v³, the shaft p',
and the helical grooved pulley o', and in such manner as to either allow the
series of shuttle boxes suspended to the chain which passes around said
pulley o¹ to descend by the action of gravity a distance equal to that which

page_text: exists between the bottoms (that is to say, those parts in which the shuttles
rest,) of either two consecutive shuttle boxes of the series, or to cause the said
series of shuttle boxes to rise upwards a like distance. The said elevation or
depression of the series of shuttle boxes depends upon whether the front or
rear depending lever 3 or u³ is put in action upon, so as to turn the wheel.
If the front lever t³ is made to operate on the wheel the series of shuttle
boxes will descend. When the rear lever w³ operates upon the wheel v³, it
causes the said wheel and its shaft p¹ and pulley o' to partially revolve in an
opposite direction, and therefore elevate the series of shuttle boxes. When-
ever the wheel v³ is partially revolved, as above described, one of the two pins a³,
which may be directly over the stop a', will be caused to bear against the top of
the said stop, and by so doing depress the stop until the pin passes the central
part of the top of it, when the stop will be raised by the action of the spring
c', and will abut against the said pin and the pin which may be next to it, and
which may have been brought into a horizontal or nearly horizontal line with
the former. As the pickers during the process of weaving sometimes fail
to free themselves from the shuttle boxes and as the shuttles sometimes
project from the shuttle boxes so as to prevent them from being easily
moved, it is very important, in order to prevent. accident to or breaking of
the machinery, that the power which, moves the shuttle boxes up and. down
be applied in such a way as to cease to act beyond a certain extent when said
contingencies arise. This I effect in the following manner:-The cam f³ is
employed simply to elevate the lever. g³, and thereby raise the frame of
depending levers t, u³; or, in other words, as said cam f³ produces no depression
of the frame of depending levers (they being made to fall by the action of
gravity as described) no accident. can occur to the mechanism of the loom.
Should a picker at any time project into one of the shuttle boxes of one of
the front series thereof in such manner as to prevent it from moving either up
'or down, in such a state of things one of the depending levers in its descent
would meet and rest upon some one of the pins w³ of wheel v³, and would remain
tliereon without exerting any injurious effect upon the series of shuttle boxes.
As a substitute for the simple cam and weight operating as above described, I
sometimes, employ a double or grooved cam, and make the rod ³ in two parts,
or sections, or lengths, joined together in such manner as to readily pull
apart or seperate from one another whenever the picker so prevents the
series of shuttle boxes ffrom moving either up or down, as the case may
require.
Having thus described the mechanism for elevating or depressing the two front
series of shuttle boxes, I shall now proceed to set forth and explain that by which

page_text: the rear series of shuttle boxes are operated :-A cam nt, Figures 2, 5, of the
shape denoted in Figure 5, is placed upon the shaft. Directly over the said cam
a lever o* which turns on a fulcrum p* is arranged as seen in Figures 2, 5;
the said lever has a weight hung upon its front end of sufficient size to
raise the shuttle boxes when the said weight is allowed to descend; it also
has a suitable friction roller applied to its side, and so as to revolve and
rest upon the periphery of the cam. A rod is jointed to the lever o near
the friction roller, and extends, upwards, and is jointed to an arm (Figures
2, 3), which projects, rearwards from a horizontal shaft ut; arranged so as to
be supported and turn in bearings vs,,, situated as represented in Figure 3
The said shaft u has two arms w*, w, projecting from it, as seen in Figure 2,
and towards the front of the loom, as exhibited in Figure 4, in which one of the
said arms may be seen. Rods x; a, are respectively jointed at their upper
ends to said arms, and at their lower ends to the system f¹, f, of rear shuttle
boxes. In the back series of shuttle boxes there is the same liability to break the
machinery when the pickers or shuttles prevent their free movement as in the
front series of shuttle boxes, afore-mentioned. To avoid accident thereby, I
raise said boxes by the power of the weight q', applied in the manner. above
described, and allow them to descend again by their own gravity, when
the action of said-weight is overcome by the cam n, as aforesaid. As the
back series of 'boxes are required to rise and fall at different times relative: to
the other motions of the loom, according to the style of goods to be wrought, it
is obvious that corresponding changes should be made in the cam nt; and as
the time in which said boxes are required to operate will be apparent to every
practical weaver, I do not think it necessary to describe them in detail. The
cam should be so shaped as to raise the weight when the boxes are to be
depressed; and to allow said weight to descend when the boxes are to be raised:
Although I have-described the cam and weight as applied to moving the back
series of boxes, it is obvious that they may be applied to moving the front
series also when the fabric to be wrought requires but few changes.
7
The next portion of my improvements is that by which the picker: staffs are
operated in the order. required to throw the shuttles. A picker. t' is to be
applied to each series of shuttle boxes, the said picker being arranged and
made to traverse towards and from the lay on horizontal rods-u', u', disposed in
a proper manner with respect to the shuttle boxes, and secured to the vibrating
sliuttle box frames 's; t, u, v. The several pickers are each operated by one of
four pickers staffs, vw, a, y, arranged as seen in the Drawings. Each
of the front picker staffs v³, w¹, is attached to one of two shafts 21, 21, Figure 1;
the same being more particularly exhibited in Figure 12, which represents a

page_text: vertical and longitudinal section of one of the said shafts, its bearings, and the
upper cross bar c¹ of the rails u, v. The said shaft is sustained in bearings
a², a³, applied to the cross bar; at its opposite end it has an arm b² extending
downwards from it, the strap c³, by the aid of which the picker staff is thrown
forward, being attached to the lower end of the said arm 63. The back picker
staff a¹ or y¹ of each of the rear pickers is supported at its upper end, and turns
upon the shaft ¹. The said rear picker staffs have straps d³, d, see Figure 1,
attached to them. Each of the straps of the picker staffs is attached to one
arm of one of a series of four bent levers e, arranged upon a transverse shaft
or common fulcrum f*, see Figures 1 and 2, which projects from a standard
secured to the framework over the loom. One of the said levers as detached
from the shafts or fulcrum is represented in Figure 13. One arm of each of
the said levers extends from the fulcrum towards the right; two arms of two
of the levers project above their fulcrum, and two arms of the other two levers
project below it. The said bent levers, in conjunction with other mechanism
to be described, are intended to operate the picker staffs, which they do through
the straps thereof, each of which straps is connected to the extremity of one of
the arms of some one of the said bent levers, the right picker staffs having their
straps attached to those two levers which project downward below the fulcrum,
while the left picker staffs have their two straps connected to the arms (of
the levers) which project upward or above the fulcrum, as above described.
h,, k,, are a series of rods jointed to and depending from the ends of those
arms (of the aforesaid bent levers) which have no straps connected to them.
The lower part of each of said rods should have a small hook or shoulder
formed upon it, as seen at m² in Figure 3. The several hooks or lower parts
of the rods are arranged side by side and kept in their correct positions with
regard to the frame and other parts of the mechanism by means of a small
guide block n³, fastened to the end of the main frame. A top view of the
said guide block is represented in. Figure 14, wherein it will be observed
that it is drawn with four elongated slots or passages o², p², 93, 12. The
rod h³ passes through the passage o³, so with regard to the rods 12, 12, 1,
they pass in the same manner through the passages p², q³, 12,..respectively.
The passages are made sufficiently long and arranged parallel to one. another
and to the end of the cast-iron frame, in order to allow the lower end of either
of the rods h², 2, 3, 1, to move forward in a direction towards a levers,
arranged so as to move up or down in vertical directions, and upon a fulcrum
or. pin t at its front end, as seen in Figure 3. A top view of the said lever
is represented in Figure 15, and a side view in Figure 16, the latter also
exhibiting a portion of the lower part of the cam Q, situated directly above

page_text: une lever, as seen in Figure 3. The said lever s has a projection t* extend-
ing horizontally at right angles to its front end, as seen in Figure 15, also a
curved piece of metal u³, affixed upon its top at or near its central part, the
said piece u being of the shape as seen in Figure 16. A small roller v³ pro-
jects from the left side of the cam Q, as seen in Figure 1, and also in Figure 16,
and when the cam is revolved it carries the said roller in contact with and
raises it entirely over the curved cam piece of metal u³, and by so doing
depresses the rear end of the lever. The lever is elevated after the roller v
ceases to depress it by a spring w² (see Figure 1) arranged within a case ³,
situated as seen in Figure 3. Each of the rods h³, i³, k, l, has a small cam
or projection y extending from its rear side a short distance above its hooked
end. The said cams operate in connection with a series of cams or bent arms
22, 22, &c., which project from that side of a cogged wheel as which is nearest
to the main frame of the loom, as seen in Figure 2, and by dotted lines in
Figure 3. There are two bent arms to each rod h³, &c., the object of
said arms or cams being, when the wheel as is revolved to throw the lower
ends of the rods h², i, k, l, forward in regular and proper succession,
and far enough to carry the hook of each under the projection-or bent
end of the lever s³, so that when said lever. is depressed, the said projec-
tion acting upon the said hook shall at the same time depress the arm of
the bent levere (herein-before described) to which it may be hung, and
thereby cause the opposite arm of said bent lever to pull upon its picker,
staff strap and operate the picker staff, or cause its lower end to advance
towards the lay. Each picker staff is drawn back or away from the lay by a
spring f properly applied to it, as seen in the Drawings. The order in which
the shuttles are to be thrown varies according to the fabric to be wrought, and
by transposing the bent arms 22, 23, a corresponding change will be effected.
The cogged wheel a³ is revolved by.a toothed pinion fixed upon the end of
a horizontal shaft c³. (see Figures 1, 5); the said shaft has another cogged
wheel d³ fixed upon it, which engages with a cogged pinion e³ on the shaft.z,
before described, consequently when the shaft z is revolved motion will be
imparted by its pinion e³ to the wheel d³ and shaft c³.
:
The next portion of the mechanism to be explained is that by which the driving
belt is moved from the fast pulley G towards and upon the loose pulley H of the
driving shaft, in order to stop the operations of the loom, whenever, during the.
passage of any of the shuttles from one series of their boxes or receptacles to
another, its weft thread may break, or to effect the same whenever a shuttle
thrown out of one box on one side of the loom is not properly received into its.
other box or receptacle upon the opposite side thereof. In: Figure 1, a hori

page_text: zontal shaft y' is represented as extending across the front part of the loom and
being supported by bearings at,; the said shaft has a bent arm a fixed upon
its left end, which is shaped and extends in front of the shifting lever I, as
exhibited in the Drawing. The upper arm of the shifting lever passes through
a horizontal plate 65 projecting from the loom frame. A top view of the said
plate is. represented in Figure 17, in which c³ denotes a passage formed or.
made through the said plate for the lever I to pass through and move in.
There is a small shoulder or notch d cut or formed in the frout side of the
said passage. The upper armi of the shifting lever is to be thrown towards
the right and rest against the said shoulder or notch whenever the loom is to
le put in action, the position of said lever being maintained by said notch
while the loom is in operation. The said shifting lever. has a spring e applied
to its lower arm and the frame of the loom, and made to act upon it so as to
always draw. its fork or lower arm towards the loom frame; consequently
whenever the upper arm of the said lever is thrown out of the notch the
lower arm thereof will be drawn towards the loom frame, or "from being
directly in front of the fast pulley G into being directly in front of the loose
pulley H. As the driving band passes through the fork at the lower end of
the shifting lever it will be thus moved from one pulley to the other, all of
which will be well understood by manufacturers of looms, as it is a common
and well-known mechanical device for changing the driving belt from one
pulley to the other. The arm a is pressed against the shifting lever by the
action of a wound spring f³ properly applied to it. Near the right end of the
shaft y'a small arm gs, downwards from said shaft, as seen in Figures 1 and 5.
To the lower end of the said arm a rod h³ is jointed, and is also jointed to a small
sectoral lever ³, arranged so as to vibrate back and forth upon a centre pin m³,
as seen in Figure 5. Figure 18 denotes a vertical section of the sectoral
lever, and hook k over it; the said hook is jointed to the frame of the loom,
or plays vertically upon a pin 7, projecting therefrom; it is arranged directly
over, and so that its hooked end shall rest upon the sectoral lever, and engages
with a notclín made in the top of the curved top part of said sectoral lever,
as seen in Figure 18. Figure 19 denotes a top view of the said hook, and
other parts connected. with it, which are situated in rear of the lay and
between the vibrating shuttle box frames. Figure 20 is a rear elevation of
the same.
A long horizontal shaft o" extends across the loom in front of the
catch or hook ; and. is supported in bearings p, p,.as seen in Figures 19.
and: 20; it has an arm to projecting from it, as seen.in: Figures 18 and 19, the
said arm extending under a small projection from the side of the catch or
Look
Two forks 5,2.5, shaped as seen in Figures 5. and: 19; are secured to

page_text: and project from the shaft os, near each end of the reed frames of the lay, as
seen in the Drawings; the shaft o³ has another arm & extending downwards
from it in the position and form as seen in Figures 5 and 19; the said arm t
lias a friction roller us applied to its front end, and resting upon a cam or
wiper, which is fixed upon and revolved by the cam shaft M. The said
cam i should be so shaped,, that by its action on the arm to it will elevate the
forks ;, to such height above the plates l, m, as to allow a shuttle when
thrown from one side of the loom towards the other side thereof to freely pass:
under them (the forks), or between them and the plates l', m; it should also
be so shaped, that as soon as or soon after the shuttle lias passed by the two
forks it will permit the arm to to fall downwards far enough to carry 'the'
forks down upon and into, or through their respective plates 1, m³, there
being parallel slots u, u, u, cut through each plate l, m, to receive the fork
and permit it to descend through the plate or below its top surface. While a
thread from a shuttle lays on. the plates l, m, and between them and the
forks, it will prevent the forks from descending below the plate or into the
slot u, &c. Should the shuttle, during its passage from one shuttle box to
another, deposite no thread upon the plates l, m, and in the shed of the warp,
the forks will fall into tlie slots, and when this takes place the arm should be
so. adjusted as to meet the projection of the hook or catch ks, and lift the
said catch out of the notch n of the sectoral arm.". While the hook k³ is in
the notch no, it prevents the arm as, through the action of the spring f³, from
throwing the shifting lever I out of the notch d³, but as soon as the hook is
elevated out of the notch, the spring f is releived and presses the arm a
against the shifting lever and expels it from the notch, and thus permits
the spring to draw the lower end or fork of the shifting lever I towards
the frame of the loom, and thereby change or move the driving band or
belt from the fäst pulley to and upon the loose one. The mechanism
last specified is a common and well-known "stop motion." It makes no part
of my Invention, but as certain other machinery to be described is to be con-
nected. with it, or its hook or catch , I have thought it advisable to explain
in a somewhat particular manner the operation of it, in order that the parts to
be described. may be better understood. Directly underneath the horizontal
shaft o I arrange another horizontal shaft w³, as seen in Figures 5, 6, and 20.
The said shaft is supported so as to turn in any suitable number of bearings
a, a, and is of the length as represented in Figures 2 and 20; it has an arm
y projecting rearwards from it, and underneath. a small pin 25 projecting from
the side of the hook or catch:, before described! The said shaft w also has
another arm a extending downwards from it and towards the front of the

page_text: upon.
loom, as seen in Figures 5 and 20, the said arm having a suitable friction roller.
6 applied to its front end.. The said friction roller rests and travels. the
periphery of a cam or wiper c fixed upon the cam shaft M, and by the side of
the cam, before described. Each extremety or end of the shaft w. has an
arm de fixed upon it, and extending from it towards the front of the loom, a
side elevation of the said arm and certain parts directly below it being repre-
sented in Figure 21. A top view of the said arm is given in. Figure 22. Each
arm d' has two small studs or projections e, f, extended from it towards the
vibrating shuttle box frame rail t or u next to it. The said arm do is intended
to act in conjunction with two upright arms 9°, ho, which are attached respec-
tively to two horizontal and parallel shafts 1, 1, extending between and
through the rails s and t or u and v, and in the positions as represented in
Figures 2, 10, and 11. An arm & extends upwards from each shaft io, and so
that its upper end shall be just in rear of the end of one of a series of spring
plates me, m. Figure 23 denotes a horizontal or nearly horizontal section,
taken through the top of the arm 1 and the shuttle boxes of the two series in
front and rear of it. Each shuttle box of the two front and rear series is pro-
vided with a shuttle binder me shaped in horizontal section, as seen in Figure
23. Each of the said shuttle binders is hinged at its outer end to the shuttle
box or frame, which makes part of it; it is placed in a rectangular aperture
, cut or formed through the side of the shuttle box, as seen in Figure 24,
which represents the rear side of one of the shuttle boxes or a portion of the
plate composing it, having the aperture no formed through it, and without
the shuttle binder applied to it. The binders me are forced towards the interior
of their respective shuttle boxes by springs o, o, &c., Figure 2, each binder m
being provided with a spring, which bas one end secured to the shuttle box and
the other resting and pressing against the binder me. Each plate me has its
front face shaped to a very obtuse angle, and projects into the interior of the
shuttle box, as seen at p in Figure 23. Whenever a shuttle is thrown into one
of the shuttle boxes it comes into contact with the angular part p" of the shuttle
binder which projects into the box, and as said angular part is made to project.
into the box or path of the shuttle, and the shuttle is calculated in its width to
correspond, as nearly as may be, with the width of the box which receives it,
.it (the shuttle) will force back or move the binder me out of its way, and by so
doing cause the said spring plate to bear against the top of the arm 1, and
thereby turn the shaft a little in its bearings, and so as to move the top of
the arm a little rearward, or in a direction towards the shaft w. The
shaft should have a spring q applied to it and the rail vor s in such manner
as to operate upon the shaft and carry or move the top of the arm g forward

page_text: or away from the shaft w³ whenever the shuttle leaves the shuttle box, or
while there is no shuttle in said box. Each of the rear series of shuttle boxes
has its shuttle binder, as seen at me in the section. thereof in Figure 23. The
said shuttle binders operate against an arm, which projects upwards from the
shaft , and is arranged thereon, as seen in Figure 2, the top or upper part of
said arm being exhibited in Figure 23.
When a shuttle is thrown into one
of the rear shuttle boxes it presses the shuttle binder m of said shuttle. box
forward, or in a direction towards the front of the lay, consequently the top
part of the arm will be moved by said plate mo in the same direction, and
will turn the shaft ks a little in its bearings, and thereby move the top part of
the arm he forward or towards the front of the loom. The cam c should be
formed with a circular periphery, with the exception of an augular depression_sº,
the said angular depression being suitable to allow the arm a to descend far
enough to cause the arm y to rise upwards and bear against the pin 25, and
throw the hook or catch out of the notch n of the sectoral arm, before
described. The said cam should be so adjusted upon its shaft as to admit of.
the complete fall of the arm a immediately after the instant or time of
completion of a throw or passage of a shuttle over the race beam, and the
reception of the said shuttle in the shuttle box into which it may be thrown.
While the shuttle passes freely and properly from one shuttle box on one side
of the loom to another on the opposite side thereof the arm a should. be
prevented from falling so far as to raise the catch out of the notch n³, and
thereby stop the loom from operating. It is for this purpose that I employ the
arm d, with its projections e, f, to act in conjunction with the upright
arms g, h, of the shafts i, k, before described. The peculiar manner in which
said parts of the mechanism on each side of the loom operate in connection
with one another I shall now proceed to explain. It has been herein-before
specified that the vibrating shuttle box frames s, t, and u, v, are each vibrated
or alternately moved first in one direction and next in its opposite; while a
shuttle box of one of the front series. is in range with the race beam of
the lay, another of the back series, at the opposite end of the loom, is also
in range with the said race beam. One of the projections ca, f, of each
arm de should be so adjusted upon the arm that when either one of
the front series of shuttle boxes receives a. shuttle, it (the projection)
shall, on the fall of the arm de (which takes place when the roll of the
arm a descends into the, depression s) come directly over and rest upon
the top of the arm g belonging to the shaft of the shuttle box which.
receives the shuttle. This deposite of the projection on the top of the arm
should take place as soon as the shuttle has fairly and fully entered the shuttle
B

page_text: box, and by so doing pressed against the shuttle binder m of said shuttle box
and moved the same, as before described, and in consequence thereof created a
slight rearward movement of the arm of the shaft, as herein-before
described. By 'said rearward movement of the armi ge, or its upper part, it
should be brought into a correct position to receive the projection from the
árm do, and when the said projection so rests upon the top of the said arm
the arm should be long enough to prevent the arm ys of the shaft w³.from
pressing against the pin so as to raise the hook or catch out of the notch
ns, and thereby cause a stoppage of the loom. The said projection from the arm
d should be so adjusted to the top of the arm go, with which it operates, that
whenever a shuttle when thrown fails to enter the shuttle box and the arm d
descends, it (the projection) shall not meet the arm 9 (which in this case
experiences no movement arising from the action of the shuttle against the
binders of the shuttle box) but pass below its top, and by so doing permit the
army to be borne upwards against the pin 2 of the hook or catch k, and
thus, by pressure against the hook (the said pressure being created by the
weight of the arm aº) cause the elevation of the hook out of the notch n³, and
of course the immediate stoppage of the loom. From the above it will be
scen, that if the shuttle when thrown does not fully and properly enter the
shuttle boxes of the front series no movement of the arm 9 takes place; or,
in other words, the said arm is not moved into a position necessary to receive
upon its top the projection from the arm do when said arm descends during
the time the roll of the arm a passes down the depression of the cam c. Each
of the other projections upon the two arms do should be similarly adjusted, and
adapted to operate in connection with the arm he adjacent to it, when either of
the rear series of shuttle boxes immediately adjacent to said projection and
said arm he is in range of the race beam and in the act of receiving a shuttle.
That portion of the loom which relates to the arrest of the shuttle when it
has arrived at a certain position in one of the shuttle boxes of one of the
series which moves up and down and allows the picker to free itself from the
pointed end of the said shuttle, so that the picker may present no impediment
to the movement of the series of shuttle boxes either upwards or downwards,
is as follows: Each of the front series of shuttle boxes has a spring. lever
Figures 1, 3, 4, applied to its vibrating frame, and moving upon a pin or
fulcrum, projecting therefrom in the position denoted by the Drawings.
The upper part or arm of the said lever should be made as a spring,
and at its upper end it should be placed in such a position as to admit of the
picker being forced against it whenever the said picker is struck by a shuttle
on entering one of the shuttle boxes. The lower end of the spring lever should

page_text: be inserted in a vertical groove or elongated passage of a guide cup 26. A top
view of this guide cup is exhibited in Figure 25, and a vertical, central, and
longitudinal section of it in Figure 26. The elongated passage is represented
in said Figures at a'. The said guide cup should be bolted or fastened upon
the floor upon which the loom stands, and in such a position that a vertical
plane passing through the central part of the passage a', and' from end to end
of it, shall make an angle with the vertical plane passing through the axis of
the fulcrum or pin upon which the spring lever a moves, and being parallel to
either end of the main frame of the loom, the said guide cup. being also
arranged in such manner that its rear end shall be a distance from the said
end of the frame of the loom, greater than that of its front end, therefrom; such
an arrangement of the guide cup will, when the front series of shuttles to
which it is immediately adjacent retreats, in order to receive a shuttle from
the opposite part of the loom, cause the lower end of the spring lever as to be
moved in such manner as to carry the upper end of the said spring lever in a
direction towards the lay; consequently, when the shuttle is thrown into the
shuttle box, the picker will be forced by it against the upper part of the spring
lever, which will constitute a stop, as it were, to arrest the further progress of
the shuttle. When the shuttle boxes advance so as to bring one of the rear
series of shuttle boxes into range with the race beam, the passage a' of the
guide cup will cause the lower end of the spring lever to advance towards
the end of the lay as the said end passes or moves through the said passage;
this will cause a retreat of the upper end of the spring lever, or a movement.
of it away from the picker, and in consequence thereof will allow the spring
which causes the picker staff to retreat after each throw of a shuttle to act
upon the picker staff and the picker in such manner as to move the picker
upon its supports or rods, and a short distance away from the end of the
shuttle, the said distance being far enough to entirely clear the end of the
shuttle (when the series of shuttle boxes are moved upwards or downwards)
from the picker, thereby preventing any rupture of any part of the mechanism
which might occur by reason of the point of the shuttle being in too close
contact or proximity with the picker when the shuttle boxes are moved either
upwards or downwards. It is well known that after the picker has been a
short time in action the pointed end of the shuttle creates an indentation in it,
and as said pointed end might extend too far within the said indentation
whenever it should be required to move the shuttle boxes upwards or down-
wards, it becomes necessary to move the picker far enough away from the
point of the shuttle to admit of the elevation or depression of the shuttle boxes
without accident. In order that the manner in which the spring attached

page_text: to the picker staff actuates the picker or forces it away from the shuttle
whenever the shuttle frames advance or come forward may be understood, I
have in Figures 1 and 23 represented a picker and its mode of connection
with the picker staff. In said Figures, t¹ denotes the picker, which is
connected with the picker staff over it by means of a stiff strip of iron
c', which is jointed or hinged to both picker and picker staff; consequently,
the spring which causes the retreat of the picker staff can act upon the
picker through the connecting strip c and move it upon its rods or supports
whenever the upper part of the spring lever a is moved in a direction
away from the picker. If desirable, each of the four series of shuttle boxes
may be provided with a spring lever and guide cup, or other mechanical
equivalents, for the purpose above described. In Figure 2, d, d', denote
springs fixed to the rails s and v respectively, and in regard to the back shuttle
boxes, as seen in the Drawings, the said springs being for the purpose of arrest-
ing the progress of a shuttle when thrown into one of the rear shuttle boxes.
The next or succeeding part of my improvements consists in certain
turning guide plates applied to certain parts of the loom frame in order to
prevent accidents from occuring to the loom or a shuttle whenever the latter
projects from a shuttle box. Should the shuttle in its passage into a shuttle
box not fully enter the same a serious injury to the loom would be likely to
occur when the vibrating frame s, t, or u, v, by which the shuttle box may be
sustained should. move rearward, as that part of the shuttle which would
: protrude from the box would be carried. in contact with one of the vertical
plates to, u, (see Figures 1, 19,) which project above and at the rear part of
the plates 1, m; such contact must either seriously injure the shuttle or some
of the mechanism of the loom. To prevent. an accident of this kind from
happening, each of the said vertical plates to, u, should be applied to its plate
lor m' in such manner as to turn or move horizontally upon a pin or proper
mechanical equivalent projecting upwards from the plate l'or m in the, position
as seen at vin Figures 1, 19. A spring w is placed in rear of each plate
to, u, and is confined to the plate 1 or m, upon which the moveable plate to or
may be situated. The said spring should be made to bear. against the
plate to or u which it may be in rear of, and keep it up to its position proper
to guide a shuttle into the shuttle box, the said position being determined by
a small projection or screw pin a, which extends downwards from the outer
end of the plate to or uº, and is made to abut.against any suitable part of the
plate or m' upon which the plate t or u may be situated. The turning pin
upon which the plate moves is placed at that end of the said plate which is
most distant from the shuttle. boxes immediately adjacent to. the plate. The
28

page_text: spring which acts upon the plate to or u should be so made and applied to
the plate as to admit the same to retreat far enough to prevent accident
whenever a shuttle projects from a shuttle box, and is borne against the
spring plate by the retreat of the vibrating frame carrying said shuttle box.
Having thus explained the nature of my improvements in the aforesaid loom
for weaving ingrain carpets, I shall claim therein:-
First, the combination or organization of mechanism applied to each sword
of the lay for operating the lay, in the manner as above described, and for the
purpose of preventing the roller W from wearing to such an extent as to
improperly perform its office in the groove of its cam Q when the lay or reed
thereof is required to be kept stationary during the throw of the shuttle; the
said combination consisting of the grooved cam Q (fixed upon the cam or lay
shaft M), the cam or passage T made through or upon the sword of the lay
and the respective rollers W and R, the same being arranged and made to
operate together substantially, as herein-above specified.
I also claim the combination of four sets of shuttle boxes and reciprocating,
pendulous, or vibratory or moving frames (by which they are sustained and
moved from the front towards the rear of the loom, and vice
versa,) as con-
structed, arranged, and operating together, and with respect to the lay of a
loom and each other, substantially, in any of the modes as herein-above
described, the same being for the purpose of weaving' two or three-ply plain or
shot-about ingrain carpeting or other fabrics, as set forth.
I also claim, in my improved loom, the combination or organization em-
ployed for raising and lowering each of the two front series of shuttle boxes
in the order required to form the figure, or pattern of goods to be wrought,
the said combination, consisting in the cam or wiper f³ upon the shaft M, lever
gs, rod-k³, arm, shaft m³, arm o³ or p³,.link q; (or other mechanical equi-
valents, operating in such a manner as to yield or suspend their action in
case the picker should fail to relieve itself from the shuttle boxes, or any other
obstruction is presented to their free movement), the depending levers t³, u³,
the wheel (with its pins) upon the shaft p', the helical grooved pulley o',
the chain n', the levers f, f, weighted cords h, h, and cords extending there-
from to the jacquard apparatus, the chain n' being provided with a counter-.
balance weight, and the depending levers being drawn inwards by the action
of a spring or springs, and the whole of the mechanical parts of each element
or member of the said combination being arranged and operating substantially
as herein-before described.
I also claim the peculiar organization or combination of mechanism
applied to the picker staffs, in order to operate them in the order required

page_text: to throw the shuttles; the said combination consisting of the lever S
(made to fall and rise, as above described), the series of cams or pro-
jections,, &c. (extending from the wheel a³), the hooked rods h², i, k², 1,
and the bent levers and straps which connect the said rods and picker
staffs, the same being arranged and operated substantially as above described.
I also claim, in combination with the shuttle binders of each series of
shuttle boxes, and the hook of the ordinary stop motion of the loom,
the mechanism or organization, by which I am enabled in the employment
of the several series of vibrating shuttle boxes to arrest the operations of
the loom whenever a shuttle is thrown and does not properly enter its intended
shuttle box; the said mechanism or organization of parts consisting of the cam
c, arms a and y, and shaft from which they project, the arm do, with its
projections e, f, the arms and spring of either shaft , k, or other equivalents
thereto, while the elements or members of the combination are made up of the
above parts, and such additional parts as may be simply necessary to their
operation, as above described.
I also claim in its application to the plate l'or m', and the vibrating frame of
the shuttle boxes immediately adjacent to it, a spring or moveable guide
platetor u, arranged and operating in the manner and for the purposes as
above specified.
I also claim the combination with either of the pickers that is connected
with a series of shuttle boxes, which rises and falls, of a spring lever a", or
other mechanical equivalent, arranged and operated so as to arrest the shuttle
when it has arrived at a certain position in a shuttle box, and afterwards to
fall back in order to allow the picker to depart or clear itself from the point
of the shuttle, in order to permit of a free movement of the series of shuttle
boxes when changing or being raised up or down.
I shall now proceed to specify the second part of my Invention, or that which
relates particularly to the weaving of Brussels carpets or other like fabrics.
In specifying the loom which embodies my Improvements, I shall describe it
as consisting of two parts, viz., that which actuates the warps and shuttle and
forms the body of the cloth, and that which draws the wires from under the
pile and places them under a new portion of warp. My improvements consist:-
First, in the mechanism or organization of mechanism by which I alter-
nately bring the aforesaid parts of the loom into operation.
Second, in the use or application of a moveable comber or harness board,
by the use of which I am enabled to dispense with the leaf of headdles usually
employed to raise and depress the figuring warps when the shuttle is thrown,
and thereby cause the warps to clear more freely.

page_text: Third, in the machinery employed to take the wires from under the pile of
the cloth and place them under a new portion of warp.
Fourth; in certain mechanism for the purpose of regulating the action of the
let-off motion.
Fifth, in certain mechanism for the purpose of preventing the yarn roller
(b, herein-after described,) from moving when the lay beats up the cloth.. Of
the Drawings therefor, and which are duly designated by their title "power
loom for weaving Brussels, carpets," Figure 1 represents a top or plan view of
my improved loom; Figure 2 is a front elevation of it, or one denoting the
breast beam or front side of it; Figure 3 is an elevation of the left, or left-hand
end of it; Figure 4 is an elevation of the right or right-hand end of it.. Such other
Figures as may be necessary to more fully represent my improvements will be
herein-after referred to and described. In the Drawings, A, A, denote the two
vertical cast-iron ends of the main frame of the loom, the said ends being con-
nected together by any suitable number of. horizontal cross ties B, B, &c.,
C represents the breast beam; D, the race beam of the lay; E, the reed
thereof; and F, the top bar by which the reed is partially supported; G, G, aro
the swords of the lay; I, I, are two stationary plates which carry or sustain
the shuttle boxes or receptacles K, K. The said plates I, I, are shaped as..
seen in the Drawings, and are sustained in position by being bolted firmly to
the frame of the loom; they are arranged at a distance apart, from each
other sufficient to allow the reed to freely move between them. Their upper
surfaces, and that of the race beam of the lay, when the lay is in a position in.
range of them, are to be arranged in one plane. The lay may be moved
towards and from the breast beam by means of any suitable, mechanical con-
trivances. Those which I adopt, and which are partially exhibited in the.
Drawings, are the same or similar to such as I have described as employed to,
operate the lay of my improved loom for weaving two or three-ply ingrain,
carpeting. The cam shaft by which they are made to operate upon the lay is.
denoted at L in Figure 1; it has a cogged wheel M fixed upon it, as seen in,
Figures 1 and 3. The teeth of the said cogged wheel are made to, engage,
with those of another cogged wheel N, fixed upon a horizontal shaft O, seen,
in Figure 1, and in end view in Figure 4. Motion is given to the said cogged
wheel N by means of a cogged pinion P, fixed upon the driving shaft Q. The
said driving shaft has a pulley R fixed upon it, around which (pulley), the belt,
S, which actuates the mechanism for operating the lay is passed. The pickers.
are represented in Figures 1 and 2 at 3, u³, and the picker staffs at ³, v³, in,
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4. They are arranged, as seen in the Drawings and.
operate in the usual manner. The picker staffs are moved by two cams p¹ºº

page_text: fixed upon the shaft n³ (see Figure 1), the said cams being so combined with
a horizontal shaft 710 (by means of arms s10, 10, extending from. said shaft, and
having rollers u, 10, upon them respectively, which (rollers) work in the
grooves of the cams), as when revolved to impart a reciprocating rocking
motion of the shaft in its bearings. The said shaft has an arm w extending
upwards from it, to the top of which straps ao, yo are connected, and to the
picker levers, as seen in the Drawings; consequently, when the shaft 7-10
rocks or moves, either one or the other of the picker staffs will be moved or
thrown through the action of said shaft upon the arm projecting from it.
The above manner in which I operate the pickers forms no part of my
improvements, but is common to various other looms. The stationary plates
I, I, should have applied to them the usual mechanism for arresting the
progress of the loom whenever a thread of the filling breaks, or whenever a
shuttle is thrown and does not properly enter the shuttle box into which it
should be received. Many of the parts of the loom to which I have above
referred in a somewhat general manner are represented in the Drawings, and
will be readily understood by persons skilled in the making of looms. As said
parts constitute no portions of my improvements I do not deem a more par-
ticular description of them necessary.
The first portion of my Invention or improvements in machinery for
weaving Brussels carpets is that by which the driving belt S is moved at
the proper time from one of the driving pullies R to and upon the other U,
or vice versa, or is moved from one of the said driving pullies to and upon
the loose pulley T in order to alternately bring the two parts of the loom
into operation, the said driving pullies being more particularly herein-after
referred to. The shaft receives its motion from the driving shaft V
through a train of cogged wheels u, v, w³ and a³, see Figure 1. The latter
of the said cogged wheels is fixed upon the driving shaft and engages with
the wheel w³, which is suitably placed below it, and has fixed upon its shaft
the cogged wheel or pinion which engages with the wheel us. The inner
end of the shaft y' has a cam or wiper y placed upon it, as seen in Figures
1, 14 and 15; Figure 14 being a view of the inner ends of the shafts y¹ and m³.
and the machinery immediately connected with them, and the driving pullies,"
the said Drawing being an orthographic projection of the said mechanism upon
a horizontal plane, supposed to pass through the common axis of the driving
pullies or the shaft V. In Figure 14 the driving and loose pullies are denoted by
dotted lines. Figure 15 is a vertical section taken from a to y in Figure 14.
Figure 16 denotes a front view of the shifting fork and parts in rear of it,
to be herein-after described. The cam y operates in connection with an *

page_text: at mº.
raises an arm, projecting from a horizontal shaft a supported by suitable
bearings, which will admit of its partially rotating or being turned on its axis.
Another arm & projects from the said shaft, and is raised by a cam c³ fixed
upon the end of the shaft n³, as seen in the Drawings. The shaft a' has two more
arms or levers do and e projecting from it, as seen in Figures 1, 4, 14 and 17.
Each of the said arms d, e, has a weight hung upon or suspended to it, as
denoted at fo, in Figures 1 and 14, the said weights being for the purpose of
depressing the arms and certain other parts after the cam y or c has raised
the same to their greatest elevation. The front end of each of the said arms
is made at suitable times to engage with one of two hooks 1, 1, applied to and
depending from two rack bars ho, i, arranged and supported so as to slide or
move in vertical directions on suitable guides or bearings k, k, as seen in
the Drawings. One of the said hooks is particularly represented in Figure 17
as applied to the rack bar hº, and turning on a pin projecting from the bar
Each of the rack bars has cogs or teeth arranged upon and projecting
from the sides of it, as seen in Figure 16. The said cogs or teeth which are
upon those sides of the rack bar which face each other engage with a' cogged
wheel no fixed upon a horizontal shaft o. A cogged pinion p is placed upon and
fixed to the shaft o; the said pinion engages with a toothed sector qº, affixed
upon a shaft re, and arranged as seen in the Drawings. The shifting fork's,
which is connected with the driving belt S, is secured to the front face of the
toothed sector q, as represented in Figures 14, 15 and 16. Each row of cogs
or teeth upon the front side of each rack h or engages with one of two
toothed sectors to, u, projecting respectively from two short horizontal
shafts, w. Each of the said shafts has a small arm projecting downwards
from it, one of said arms being represented in Figure 15. To the outer end
of each arm at a rod is jointed, whose upper end is similarly jointed to one
of two curved friction brakes, a². The friction brake is placed within the
pulley U, as seen in Figures 14 and 15, the pulley being made with a circular
rim projecting from a circular plate, as denoted by dotted lines in the said
Figures. When the driving band S is upon the pulley R, the vertical rack
bars h,, are brought into the positions with respect to each other as seen in
Figure 16, that is to say, the rack bar is elevated to its highest position
while the other rack bar is depressed to its lowest position; so when the
band S is moved upon the other fast pulley U, the rack he will be at its
highest elevation and the other rack at its lowest. The object, therefore, of
the cams y and 6, the arms 25, 66, shaft aº, and arms do, e, is to produce an
alternate elevation and depression of each of the rack bars he, ", in order
to partially turn the wheel no first in one direction and next in the opposite,

page_text: and thereby throw the belt S (through the action of the fork s upon it)
from one of the driving pullies to and upon the other, as circumstances may
require. As the rack bars are alternately depressed by the arms do, e, acting
upon the hooks 1, 1º, it becomes necessary that while one of the said arms is
in action upon one of the said hooks the other hook should be removed out of
the influence or action of the other arm as it descends or is forced downwards.
This is effected by peculiar contrivances applied to each hook 1, and which I
shall now proceed to describe :-From the inner side of the lower part of each
hook a small pin a' is made to project into the groove 67 of one of two
cams c', c'; the shape of the groove b' is represented in Figure 17, which
denotes an external view of the arm de, the cam c', and hook ; each of the
said cams is fastened to one of the fixed horizontal rails d', d, of the main
frame and extends downwards therefrom, as seen in Figures 16 and 17.
A smurved gate e² is applied to the groove b7 in the position and so as to
make a part of its boundary, as seen in Figure 17; the said gate turns on a
fulcrum or pin at f", and extends downwards and across the front part of the
groove b', and is forced therein by a spring g'. Whenever the pin a descends
entirely through the front part of the groove 7, it is carried into contact with
that part of the gate e' which projects across said front part of said groove
and forces the said part. of the said gate downwards until it passes entirely by
or beyond the gate; as soon as it has so passed by the gate, the latter will be
thrown upwards by its spring g', and will again extend across the front part of
the groove 6. Now, as soon as the hook 7° is raised upwards the pin a will be
carried in contact with the lower side of the curved gate, and by it will be
directed into the rear part of the groove 6', and be prevented from passing up
the front part of said groove. Previous to the hook commencing to rise
upwards, the arm do or c, which caused its depression, has been elevated by
the cam 2 or y, which may be in operation, to depress the hook of the other
rack bar, Consequently, when the rack bar to which the said hook is cou-
nected rises upwards, the pin a' of the hook will travel or move in the rear
part of the groove b, and by so doing will move the hook upon its joint at mº,
and back out of the way of the descending arm de or e contiguous to it.
When the pin a' has risen upwards above the angle h, or common junction of
the front and rear parts of the groove b', it (the pin a') will be thrown forward
into the front or descending part of the groove , the same being effected by a
spring applied to the lower end of the rack bar, and bearing against the
upper part of the hook 1, as seen in Figure 17. When thus thrown forward,
the hook will be carried under the end of the bar de or e, which next descends
and acts upon it and depresses it. The descent of one of the rack bars causes a
27

page_text: corresponding movement of its toothed sector to or uº, and thereby, through the
action of the said sector upon its brake or a', causes the said brake to
descend upon the inner surface of the rim of the driving pulley, to which
it is connected, and by the friction thereon to at once arrest the move-
ment of the said pulley and the parts of the mechanism put in action by it.
The shaft puts in motion the first part of the loom, or that which weaves
the cloth. The shaft V actuates the second part of it, or that which changes
the wires over or upon which the pile is raised. The loose pulley T is intended
only for the purpose of guiding the driving band from one of the driving
pullies to the other. It has no connection with the usual stop motion, this
latter being made to operate upon a shifting lever k³, extending from a
vertical shaft, as seen in Figures 1, 2, and 3. It is intended that the
belt S shall pass around a common drum, situated beneath the floor on which
the loom stands, the said drum being turned by a driving belt, which is to be
moved upon it or away from it, and upon a loose pulley connected with' it, as
circumstances may require, in order to put either of the driving pullies R or U:
in action, or arrest its motion. An apparatus proper to effect the movement
of the last-named driving belt, either upon its fast or loose drum, should be
applied to the shaft and the driving belt.
The next part of my Invention, and which relates to the use or appli-
cation of a moveable comber or harness board, by which I am enabled to
dispense with the harness or leaf of headdles generally employed to raise
and depress the figuring warps when the shuttle is thrown, and thereby
cause the warps to clear more freely, may be thus described. In Figures
3 and 4 the frame of an ordinary jacquard apparatus is represented at st.
The cords that proceed from the said jacquard apparatus, and are employed'
to raise the figured warps, are seen at t', t, &c.; they pass through a
comber board us, and have weights v',, suspended to them in the ordinary
way, as seen in the Drawings. The said comber board is perforated with
holes in the ordinary manner, said holes being large enough to admit of
the free vertical movements of the cords through them. The said comber'
board is sustained in its horizontal position by being secured to two vertical
slide rods x, x, which are supported by and play or move freely up and down
in bearings y', y', *, *, projecting from the main frame, as seen in Figure 2.
When the comber board is at its lowest position two fixed shoulders a³, a³, of.
the slide rods a, a, rest upon the bearings, . Each slide rod a has a rod
1 jointed to its upper end, the said rod 65 extending upwards, and being jointed
at its upper end to one of two armis c, c³, arranged upon and extending at
right angles to a horizontal shaft d³, which is supported and turns in bear-

page_text: ings e, e, in the position as seen in the Drawings. The said shaft d³ has
another arm f extending from it between and in an opposite direction to the
arms c³, c, the said arms being denoted in Figures 3, 4, by dotted lines. A
rod g is jointed to the outer end of the arm f³, and extends downwards, and
is similarly jointed to the end h³ (see Figure 1) of a long lever i³, whose front
end is supported and turns upon a fulcrum k³, applied to the lower cross bar
B of the main frame, in the position as, seen in Figure 2. The said lever is
shaped in side view similar to another lever P, arranged on the left of it, and
turns on the same pin or fulcrum k³, as seen in Figures 1, 2, and 3. The
lever is to be raised and depressed in a proper manner and at suitable times
by means of a cam m³ arranged on a horizontal shaft no. The cam shaft n°
has a large cog wheel o³ fixed upon it, the said cog wheel engaging with and
receiving motion from a cogged pinion p³ fixed upon the shaft o. When the
rod g is pulled downwards by the action of the cam m³ upon the lever i³, it
will
carry the outer end of the arm f' down with it, and thus turn the shaft &³,
and thereby elevate the arms c³, c³, rods 65, 65, and comber board u. Each
cord t' has a knot q made upon it, above the comber board, and in such
position thereon, that when the comber board is elevated it shall come into
contact with the several knots, and carry them and their cords upwards with it.
By so doing, as each of said cords has a worsted warp passing through its loop,
the several figure warp threads will be simultaneously raised upwards. By
making the comber board moveable, as above described; I am enabled to
place the harnesses which raise and depress the linen warps in the rear of said
comber board and the jacquard harness, as represented in the Drawings, which
arrangement aids in clearing the figuring warps by the jacquard harness
acting upon them nearer the face of the cloth than when arranged in the
ordinary manner. Heretofore it has been customary to effect the said elevation
of the warps by means of a harness or by harnesses placed or arranged and
operating in a suitable manner while the comber board remained stationary.
The said harnesses when used occupy much room, and prevent the warps'
from parting freely when raised for the introduction of the wires. By the
above arrangement of the harnesses, and mode of raising the figuring or
worsted warps by the comber board u', many of the difficulties commonly
experienced in the use of harnesses are obviated. The trap board of the
jacquard apparatus is denoted at 5. It is operated by a cam s5, lever 1³,
rod, and other mechanism similar in all respects to that by which
the comber board u is actuated. The harnesses y³, 23, for raising and
depressing the linen or ground warps are worked by means of grooved
cams a, b, which raise and lower levers clo, d10, which levers are connected

page_text: by rods elo, fo, 90, 10, with the upper and lower treaddle levers 20, 0, 0, m10,
between which the harnesses are situated, and to which they are connected in
the usual manner. When either of the levers eo, do, is depressed it causes
its respective leaf of headdles or harness to rise upwards, the reverse taking
place when said lever is raised. As the order in which the different portions
of the warps are to be elevated and depressed is well understood to weavers
the form of the cams a10, 610, can be easily determined. The revolution of the
cams is effected a cogged wheel no, affixed upon the cam shaft, and turned
by a cogged pinion o¹0, fixed upon the shaft o.
That portion of the loom next in order to be described is the let-off
and take-up motion, which operates in such a manner as to take up a
given length of cloth at every thread of filling introduced, to deliver out
such a portion of the warp as may be required to aid in the formation
of said cloth, and to maintain the said warps at a uniform tension during
the process of weaving. In Figures 4 and 5 the linen warps are repre-
sented at w, ³, in the angular positions they are made to assume by
their harnesses y³, z. The said warps proceed from the warp cylinder or
beam a (situated at the back part of the loom frame, as seen in Figures 1 and
4,) and upwards, and partially around a cylindric roller or beam b', thence
through their respective harnesses and the end of the lay, thence over the
breast beam and to the roller or rollers of the take-up motion. The machinery
employed to take up the cloth is as follows:-a, 69, are two beams or rollers
placed below the breast beam C, in the position as seen in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4,
6. The upper of the rollers is pressed or forced down towards or upon the
other by means of hooks c³, co, springs do, do, applied to the said
screws e, e, to force down the springs, all as seen in Figure 2.
surface of one or both of the said rollers is to be covered with emery, or made
rough in any proper manner, so as to cause the cloth when in contact with it
not to slip over or upon it. The cloth in passing downwards from the breast
beam is carried around the said rollers, as represented in Figure 6, that is to
say, it passes down underneath the lowermost of them, thence upwards and
passes between the two, and thence over the top surface of the upper, and is
thence carried downwards, and disposed of in any proper manner. To one
end of the shaft of the lower of the said rollers a cogged wheel f' is affixed.
This wheel engages with and is revolved by a pinion g, arranged beneath it and
upon a shaft ho, as seen in Figures 2, 3. Upon the said shaft a ratchet
wheel is placed, which (ratchet wheel) engages with and is turned by the
action of a click or pall extending from and jointed to one end of a lever P,
which is supported by and turns upon a fulcrum mº. A retaining pall or click
hooks and
The outer

page_text: n' is also applied to the ratchet wheel. The opposite end of the lever lis
jointed to one end of a long rod oº, which extends by and is jointed to the
sword G of the lay, or turns upon a pin p' projecting from or inserted in
the said sword of the lay. When the lay beats up, it will, through the rod o³, so
move the lever l as to cause its click or pall k³ to actuate or turn the ratchet
wheel, and thereby cause the rollers aº, 6º, to revolve, and thus take up the
cloth. The aforesaid mechanical parts, termed the "take-up motion," should
be constructed in such proportions to each other as to cause each beat of the
lay to impart the degree of motion to the surfaces of the draft rollers aº, 6º,
requisite to take up the length of cloth it is desired to weave; and from the
above it will be seen that a like quantity of cloth is taken up at each beat of
the lay, consequently the take-up motion is what is usually termed a positive
one. The mechanism by which the warps are delivered or let off from the
warp beam a while being subjected to a uniform tension, as herein-after
described, is as follows:-The warp beam has a geer wheel q³ fixed upon its
shaft, in the position as seen in Figures 1, 3. This geer wheel engages with
and is turned by a screw or worm 7º, affixed upon the upper end of a vertical
shaft so, which is supported so as to turn or revolve in suitable bearings, and in
the position as seen in Figure 5. A horizontal contrate ratchet wheel t' is
applied to and fixed upon the lower part of the vertical shaft, and directly over
the said wheel a lever is placed, and is properly sustained by and turns or
moves upon
the shaft as a fulcrum, the said lever being made to revolve or move
in a horizontal plane. To the inner end of the said lever a pall v³ is jointed
or hinged in such manner as to be capable of being raised or lowered in a
vertical direction, and when down to its lowest position to rest in contact with
some one of the teeth of the contrate wheel. The opposite or outer end of
the lever u has one end of the rod 0° jointed to it in such manner, as, when
the said rod is moved longitudinally, first in one direction and next in the
opposite one, by the lay, it shall impart to the said lever a reciprocating
movement upon its fulcrum, and thereby, when the pall rests upon or in
contact with the contrate wheel, cause said pall to rotate said wheel, and with
it the vertical shaft so, which will revolve the worm or screw, and thereby
gradually rotate the warp beam in the direction necessary to deliver out or
unwind the warps from it. Now, while the pall remains in action upon the
teeth of the contrate wheel it will turn said wheel, but when lifted up or out of
action with the wheel the latter will not rotate but will remain stationary.
The pall is connected to one arm of a bent lever w³ (turning upon a fulcrum a³,
and situated with respect to the pall as seen in the Drawings,) by a cord or chain
y; the other arm of the said lever is bent downwards, and rests in contact with

page_text: a cam (shaped as seen in Figure 3), fixed upon or near one end of the shaft /*,
which carries the cogged pinions g', g, that engage with the teeth f', f, upon
he upright levers c, d, that support the roller 6', over which the warps from
the warp beam are passed, as seen in the Drawings. The manner in which the
delivery of the warps is produced may now be explained. The warp during
the process of weaving is submitted to a uniform tension through the action
of the weight n upon the wheel o' of the shaft h, as will be herein-after
described. As the lay beats up and the take-up motion acts to draw forward
or take up the cloth (as it is woven) it will create such a draft upon the warps
as to overcome the action of the weight n' and cause the roller.6 to move in a
direction towards the lay. When said roller so moves, it carries the upper
upon which it is supported, with it, and of course
ends of the levers d', c',
moves their lower ends in an opposite direction, thereby causing their toothed
sectors ff, to act upon the cogged wheels g', g', and turn the shaft * in such
a direction as will revolve or move the cam into a position such as will
admit of a movement of the bent lever w sufficient to allow the pall v to
descend upon and give motion to the contrate wheel to, it being understood
that the weight of the said pall, the chain 2, and the horizontal arm of the
lever wis sufficient to cause such a depression of the pall. As the pall has
a reciprocating motion imparted to it by the lay acting through the rod o and
lever u, as was before explained, while it is resting upon the contrate wheel,
it will cause it to rotate and turn the vertical shaft so, which in its rotation
will cause the worm to partially turn the cogged wheel 2, thereby imparting
to the warp beam a motion upon its axis in such a direction as to unwind or
give out the warp. As soon as the draft of the warps upon the roller b*
becomes less than the uniform tension strain produced by the weight w', the said
roller will move in a direction away from the lay, and by so doing will create
such a movement.of the cam 2 as will cause it to so operate upon the lever w
as to elevate the pall out of action with the contrate wheel to. Thus it will
be seen that the warp will be delivered out from time to time in the regular
quantity or proportion required by the take-up motion. In changing the
warps, that is, when one set descends below the other, or one of the harnesses
is made to rise upwards and the other to fall downwards, it is desirable to
maintain a uniform degree of tension upon each of them while the change
takes place. It is also desirable, when the lay beats up a filling thread, that
the mechanism which produces the uniform tension or strain upon the warps
should not act so as to allow the warps to give way. For this purpose the
journals of the ends of the roller & are made to turn or revolve in the top
parts or upper ends of two levers c*, d', situated and moving upon fulera at et, et,

page_text: as seen in Figures 1, 3, and 4.. The lower end of each of the said levers has a
segment f of cogs or teeth affixed to it, which engages with one of two cogged
pinions g', g', as seen in Figures 3 and 4, the said pinions being placed upon
and fixed to a horizontal shaft h*, which extends across the loom frame from one
end of it to the other, and is supported and turns in bearings i, . A wheel
or pulley k is arranged upon and fixed to the shaft * in the position as seen
in Figure 1. A band is attached to the periphery of the wheel k* upon its
outer side, thence passes upwards and over the top of the wheel and towards
the breast beam end of the loom and over a guide pulley m, thence
downwards, and is attached to a weight n', situated as seen in Figure.4; the
weight n thus acts to draw the top of the wheel in a direction towards the
breast beam, and by so doing to cause the shaft h' to turn with the wheel
(whenever the latter moves), and thereby to turn the pinions 9, 9, which will
give motion to the lower ends of the levers c, d, in such manner as to move
the roller against the warps, and in a direction away from the breast beam,
and thus create tension upon the warps w³, x³. When the harnesses move to
elevate the warps a³ above the warps w³, or vice versa, the weight n', and other
mechanism immediately connected with or applied to the roller b, will permit
the said roller to move in directions away from and towards the breast beam,
in accordance with the decrease and increase of strain upon it, occasioned by
the clevation and depression of the warps w³, a³. It will therefore be seen,
that by means of the action of the weight n' a proper degree of tension is kept
upon the said warps while moved either up or down by their respective
harnesses. This mechanism operates in such a manner, that whenever it
becomes necessary to put back the warps, on account of picking out imperfections
in the cloth, the roller 6, will fall back and tighten the warps without turning
the yarn beam. Another wheel or pulley o* is placed and fixed upon the
shaft in the position as seen in Figure 1. The said wheel has a friction
brake or spring band p' applied to its periphery, as seen in Figure 4, the
upper end of the said band or brake being secured to a pin q', projecting from
the main frame of the loom. The lower end of the said brake is jointed to
one end of a long rod r, which at its upper end is jointed to the sword G of
the lay in the position as seen in Figure 4. Whenever the lay beats up or moves
far enough towards the breast beam, it will draw upon the rod r, and of
course through said rod upon the friction brake, and by so doing will bring
said brake into so close contact with the periphery of the wheel o' as to arrest
any motion of it, and thereby hold the roller & perfectly still when the reed
of the lay drives a filling thread close up into the vertex of the angle of the.
shed of the warps.

page_text: The second part of the loom embraces the next improvement or class of
improvements to be described, which consists in the machinery employed
to take the wires from under the pile of the cloth and place them under a
new portion of warp. This requires several operations, which I shall now
proceed to describe in the following order :-
First, that by which the wires are successively pushed towards the pincers,
herein-after to be described.
Second, that by which the wires are drawn from the warps.
Third, that by which the wires are taken from the pincers and dropped
into a box, and by it carried and introduced and deposited between the warps.
During the process of weaving a Brussels carpet, it is customary to insert
between the warp threads raised up by the jacquard apparatus in order to
form the figure and the remaining warp threads a series of wires, each of
which on being placed within the shed or angular opening of the warps is
beat up or woven into them in the same manner as is a filling thread. The.
said wires, on being successively withdrawn from and rewoven into the fabric,.
raise, or elevate, or loop up those warp threads which are made to pass over
them respectively, and from what is usually called the pile or figure. The
part of the mechanism first in order to be described is that by which the wires
to be withdrawn from the cloth are successively pressed out of the fabric a
short distance towards the pincers, in order to enable the said pincers to
properly grasp it without acting upon the adjacent wires. An upright bar e¹,
placed in the position as seen in Figures 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, is supported at its foot
or lower end by a shaft g', which passes horizontally through it, and two struts
f'f', secured to one of the front tie bars D of the main frame of the loom...
The shaft g¹ is so disposed as to allow the bar e' to be moved either backwards
or forwards in a direction at right angles to the breast beam; to this upright
bar e¹ the mechanism employed to push the wires successively towards the,
pincers is affixed, and as the, position of the wire to be acted upon will vary,
from time to time, being sometimes nearer the breast beam than at other,
times, according to the number of wires employed, or the closeness of the.
fabric being wrought, it is evident that a corresponding vibration must take
place in the bar e'. The bar el is made to tend in a direction towards, the.
wires by the action of a spring, or through the action of gravity, by placing it
in an oblique position, as represented in the Drawings; and in order that it
may be kept in a proper position relative to the wire to be acted upon, a guide.
plate pl is affixed to the upper end of the bar e¹ and rests against the said
wire. Now, when a wire is drawn out of the cloth by the pincers, as herein-
after described, the bar el advances towards the next wire until the guide
C

page_text: plate p' comes in contact with said next wire and secures the bár e¹ a proper
position. A small rod h', pointed or made wedge-shaped at its upper end, as
seen in Figure 6, is secured to the inner face of the bar e¹ by, and so as to
readily move up and down in, bearings or clasp plates ', . The bar h¹ at its
foot or lower end rests upon a cam k³, shaped as seen in Figure 5, and turning
at its foot upon a pin or fulcrum 1, which projects from the bar e; as seen
in Figures 5 and 6. The upper edge of the cam is formed as seen
in Figure 5, and it is so shaped for the purpose of elevating the rod h¹
at a proper time, and thereby forcing the pointed or wedge-shaped upper
end of it between the left-hand end of that wire (see Figure 8) which
is nearest to the breast beam, and the second or succeeding one, as seen in
Figures 6 and 8. When the upper end of said rod is so forced between the
said wires, it seperates one from the other, and presses the end of the first wire
a short distance towards the breast beam, and thus brings it into range with the
top of a lever m¹. The levér m¹ is made with a suitable indentation in its
upper end to receive the ends of the wires, and turns at its foot upon a pin o¹,
projecting from the bar e, in the position as seen in Figures 5 and 6. The
moveable cam k¹ has two studs p', q', projecting from the side of it which is
next to the bar e', the positions of the said studs being denoted in Figure 5 by
dotted circles p', q', and one of the said studs being exhibited at p¹ in Figure 6.'
Now, when the cam k¹ is moved far enough in a direction towards the right-
hand end of the loom to raise the rod h¹ to its highest point of elevation, the
stud q' will be carried into contact with the lever m', and will cause it to advance
in the same direction, and by so doing to meet the left-hand end of the first
wirez, and to crowd or push the wire a short distance through the woven
fabric a', and within or towards the jaws of the pincers k, l, by which it is
extracted from the said fabric. When the cam k' is moved far enough in an
opposite direction, the stud p¹ will be carried into contact with the lever m',
and restore it to its original position, or that in which it should be placed to
enable it to act upon the succeeding wire when necessary. The cam k¹ has
a rod r¹ jointed to it and to one arm of a bent lever s³, as seen in Figures 2, 5.
The said bent lever turns upon a fulcrum or pin t', inserted in and projecting
from the lower girt or tie bar B. The end of the other arm of the bent
lever s' has a rectangular or other suitably shaped passage or hole u¹ made
through it, as seen in Figures 2, 5; one end of a lever v¹ enters and passes
through the said hole, the same being represented in Figure 2 by dotted lines;
the said lever is exhibited in Figure 1 as' turning upon a fulcrum at w¹. The
opposite end of the lever v¹ is raised and depressed by a cam x (or any other
proper mechanical equivalent) fixed upon a horizontal shaft y', Figure 3. The

page_text: succeeding portion of the mechanism now to be described is that by which
the wires woven into the warp or pile are successively withdrawn therefrom.
Near the outer end of the shaft V a bevelled pinion W is fixed upon the said
shaft; its teeth engage with those of a bevelled wheel X placed upon and attached
to a shaft Y, which extends from or near the shaft V, and towards the front
part of the loom, as seen in Figures 1 and 4. That end or part of the shaft Y
which is immediately adjacent to the horizontal shaft V is supported and revolves
in bearings z, z, extending upwards from a bent arm a, which is supported by
and so as to turn in a vertical direction upon the outer end of the horizontal
shaft V, the said arm being so applied to the shaft V as to admit of the front
end of the shaft Y being raised up and down, in the manner and for the purpose
to be herein-after explained. The other or front end of the shaft Y has a
cogged pinion 6. fixed upon. it, the same being represented in Figure 1, and also
in Figure 5, which denotes a vertical and transverse section of the loom taken
just in rear of the pinion b, and as if the spectator was looking towards the
front part of the mechanism. The front part of the shaft Y passes through a
vertical passage or slot c, sec Figure 5, formed or made through a strut d,
which projects from the end of the loom frame, and is shaped as seen in
Figures 4 and 5, the said slot serving to support the front end of the shaft
during its vertical movements. The pinion 6 engages with an endless toothed
rack or mangle wheel 1, the shape and position of which are represented in
Figures 1, 2, 4, 5. The said endless rack e is affixed to a plate or carriage f,
which is particularly represented in Figures 5 and 6, the latter Figure denoting
a vertical section of the breast and race beams and parts adjacent thereto, the
said section being taken so as to exhibit the parts which first operate in the
discharge or expulsion of the wire from the woven fabric, and which will be
herein-after described. The said carriage should be supported by and move
upon parallel and horizontal rails g, g, secured to a long vertical plate h, which
is fastened to the main frame of the loom in the position as seen in the
Drawings. By the action of the pinion 6 (when said pinion is revolved with
the shaft Y) upon the endless rack e, the said rack is made to move in one
direction while the pinion is in contact with one of the horizontal parts.or
ranges of teeth of the rack; the said rack is also moved in the opposite
direction while the pinion is acting in contact with its other horizontal range
of teeth. While the pinion is passing in contact with either of the vertical
portions or ranges of teeth of the rack no. motion of the rack will be produced
by the said pinion, the rack remaining stationary, and thus causing. the shaft
Y and pinion to ascend or descend through the slot of the strut d: The afore-
said movements of the endless rack. will of course create like and corresponding

page_text: movements of the carriage f to which it is attached. To the carriage fa
stand i is secured in the position, and projects upwards, in the manner as
denoted in the Drawings. The said stand supports and carries the pincers by
which the wires are successively drawn out of the woven fabric. The said
pincers or jaws are represented at and l in Figures 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7, the
latter Figure denoting a vertical, central, and longitudinal section of them on
än enlarged scale. The said pincers consist of two jaws or levers k, l, one of
which (viz. k) is placed over the other, and turns on a fulcrum or pin m. The
other or lower jaw turns upon a fulcrum n, situated below the fulcrum m, as
seen in Figure 7. To each of the said jaws teeth or cogs o, p, are applied, as
denoted in the last-named Figure, the said teeth or cogs acting together in such
manner when the tail or long arm of the lower jaw is raised, as to cause the jaws
to open or depart from one another. When said long-arm of the lower jaw
is depressed the teeth or cogs cause the jaws to close together. In order to
the jaws or pincers, the said tail or arm is forced upwards by a spring q,
secured to the arm or strut i, and acting against the arm A, as seen in Figures
5 and 7. A small bent lever catch r of the shape denoted in Figures 1, 2, 4,
5, and supported in bearings s, s, projecting from the carriage f, is placed in
rear of the tail of the lever v of the jaws or pincers k, l, and when said pincers
are closed upon the wire, the said catch locks upon the end of the arm l', as
seen in Figure 5, and thus confines the wire within the jaws. When the
jaws are not in action upon a wire the said catch takes the position with
respect to them as seen in Figure 2. The catch r is forced towards the arm
open
s repre-
by a helical spring t, suitably applied to the catch or its arbor, and supports
or bearings, and the said catch is liberated or thrown off the end of the arm
by an inclined plane u, affixed upon the top of the plate h, in the position
denoted in the Drawings. The manner in which the said inclined plane
operates to liberate the catch from the arm is as follows:-The catch is
sented as a bent lever catch, that is to say, it has an arm v extending down-
wards from it, or its turning shaft or fulcrum, as seen in the Drawings.
Whenever the carriage fis moved so as to bring the lower end of the said
arm v in contact with the inclined plane u, the latter will lift up the arm v,
and thereby cause the arm r to leave or depart from the arm l' of the pincers.
When the carriage f moves the pincers into a proper position to receive or
take hold of a wire pushed out from the woven fabric, as above described,
they are closed together upon the wire by means of a lever w,
which moves
vertically upon a pin y, projecting from the top of a fixed standard ; and
situated in the position as denoted in Figures 1, 2, 4, 5. Figure 8 represents
a top view of the breast beam and various parts connected with it; the said
7

page_text: Figure also exhibiting the carriage f and its endless rack e when they
are in the position necessary for the pincers k, l, to grasp the end of one of the
wires, 2, extending from the woven fabric a'. The lever wis pulled down-
wards at the proper time by a rod 6', which is jointed to it between its
fulcrum, and front end, as seen in the Drawings. The lower end of the rod b¹
is jointed to a lever st, turning on a fulcrum at t', see Figure 1. The said
lever may be elevated and depressed by a cam u, placed and fixed upon the
shaft y'. The inner end of the lever w should be placed directly over the tail
or arm of the jaws k, l, and so that when the said inner end of the lever wis
caused to descend it will press upon and carry down the said arm, and thereby
cause the jaws k, l, to grasp the outer wire z of the series =,, &c., as seen in
Figure 8. When the end of the arm 7 is thus depressed it strikes against the
inclined part c' of the catch 7, and while it passes over or against the said inclined.
part it forces the catch backwards. As soon as it has passed by or entirely over
the same, the spring t throws the catch in an opposite direction, and so as to
bring its shoulder d' over the end of the arm U, as seen in Figure 5.
The next portion of the mechanism to be described is the apparatus by which
the wire is received after it has been withdrawn from the fabric by the pincers,
and by which the said wire is deposited in the box or receptacle in which it is
carried into the shed of the warps, and from which it is dropped or discharged,
as will be herein-after described. Two sets of fingers 21, 1, and a², a², shaped as
seen in Figures 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, and 9, (the latter. Figure being a vertical section
of one of the said sets,) are arranged in the positions denoted in the Drawings.
One of the said fingers of each of the two sets is secured to and projects down-
wards from a horizontal shaft 6, Figures 5 and 8, which is supported by and
turns in bearings c, c, which project downwards from a horizontal bar d², that
is secured to the top of a standard e², shaped as seen in Figures 1, 2, 4, 5,
8, and 9. The said bar is secured to the main frame of the loom by means of
projections f, f, therefrom, situated as seen in Figures 1, 2, 4, and 8. It passes
and plays loosely up and down through said projections, and rests at its lower
end upon a friction roller g³ inserted in the end of a long lever h², as seen in
Figure 4. The said lever turns upon a fixed fulcrum 2, Figure 4, and has in its
other end a friction roller, whose periphery rolls in contact with that of a cam
or wiper m², disposed over it, and upon the shaft y', as seen in the Drawings.
The said cam will be herein-after more particularly described. It was herein-
before stated that two of the fingers z¹, a³, were applied to a horizontal
shaft 6. The other two are similarly applied to and extend downwards from
another horizontal shaft n², Figures 2, 9, the said shaft n² being arranged
parallel to the shaft 62 and at a short distance from it, as seen in Figure 9;

page_text: rod q³, jointed to
it (the shaft n,) is supported by and turns in the projections c, c. Each
pair of fingers a, a, 2, 21, have small cogs or teeth applied to their heads or
upper part, and between the shafts b², n², and engaging with each other, as seen
in Figure 9, at 02. The shaft 2 has an arm;p² extending from it at right
angles, as seen in the Drawings. When the arm is raised upwards it will
partially turn the shaft 6 in its bearings, and by so doing will cause the
lower extremity of each pair of fingers, through the action of the cogs at o
to approach each other or close together; so when the arm p² is depressed
the lower ends of the two fingers in each set will be made to seperate
from each other. The outer end of the arm på has a
it, and depending from it, as seen in Figures 2 and 4.
jointed at its lower end to one end
fulcrum, as seen in Figures 1, 4.
rollers, adapted to its opposite end, as seen in Figures 1, 4; an extension
cam t is placed upon the shaft y'. By the term "extension cam" is meant a
cam which is so applied to its revolving shaft as to be capable of having its
periphery placed or adjusted to any required distance from the centre of the
shaft. The cam t is made to act in contact with the friction roller s2, and
thereby to depress the same, and the end of the lever 72 (to which it is applied),
whenever it is necessary to elevate the arm p² in order to close together
the two sets of fingers. When that arm of the lever which bears the
The said rod is
of a lever ³, which turns upon a
The said lever has a small friction
friction roller s2 is depressed by the cam over it, the opposite arm of said
lever will be correspondingly elevated, and will thereby elevate the rod q
and arm p. The weight of the rod will be sufficient to depress the
arm p, and the end of the lever 2, to which said rod is jointed, whenever
the cam m² does not act upon the lever so as to depress it; should such
weight not be sufficient to overcome the friction of the parts, and produce
the desired effect of opening the fingers or causing their lower ends to
seperate from each other, a spring or other proper mechanical equivalent may be
adapted to the rod and frame of the loom in any proper manner so as to ensure.
the desired effect. The cam m² consists of a circular wheel, with the
exception of an angular depression or space u³, as seen in Figure 4; the
object of the said angular space or depression being to allow the roller k³ to
rise upwards at a proper time, and by so doing permit the weight of the sliding
arm and parts supported by it to depress the arm, thereby causing the
fingers to descend or be brought downwards far enough to carry their lower
ends below the path of a wire z when it is drawn out from the fabric by the.
pincers k, l. As the wire is drawn out from the fabric it. is carried into the.
openings between each set of fingers, so that when the fingers are made to close

page_text: together and the pincers are opened the wire will be received and sustained
by the fingers. While the fingers so sustain the wire they are kept closed
together by means of a spring catch v³, see Figure 4. The shoulder w² of the
said catch, when the rod q² is elevated to its highest position, passes underneath
a stud or pin (which projects from the side of the lever r², in the position
as seen in Figure 4), and until forced away from or from beneath the said stud,
keeps the end of the lever r², to which it is adjacent, from dropping downwards
through the action of the weight of the rod q. Whenever it becomes necessary
to cause the fingers to seperate from each other in order to permit the wire held
up by them to drop from them, and into the receptacle or box, by which it is
carried and deposited in the shed of the warps, a small stud or projection y²,
Figure 4, from the sword G of the lay strikes, when the lay beats up the lower
end of the spring catch g³, and moves it, so as to throw its shoulder w² beyond
or away from the pin 3. This being effected, the weight of the rod ³ and
fingers and parts attached to it will cause the said rod, the arm p², and the
arm of the lever r³, to which the said rod is jointed, to descend, and thereby.
open the fingers and allow the wire to escape therefrom. When the wire falls
from the fingers it drops into the interior of a long box z² which is secured to
the lay, and when ready to receive.the wire it takes the position as represented.
in Figure 1. Figure 8 exhibits the box 22 in dotted lines, and in the position.
it takes when it has entered the shed of the warps in order to deposite the
wire therein; it is also shewn in section and as in the shed of the warps in
Figure 6. Figure 10 denotes a side elevation of the box. It is made in its
external shape somewhat resembling that of a weaver's shuttle, the end which
enters the shed of the warps being suitably rounded or pointed to enable it
to clear any obstructions resulting from undue elevation or depression of some
of the warp threads. The said box is secured at one end to an arm a³,
Figure 10, which projects from a carriage or slide bar 6.
or slide bar is sustained by and moves between parallel
project from a long plate d³ secured to the side of the race beam of the lay,
the shape of the said carriage or slide 63, the guides c³, c³, and the plates d³,
in their transverse section, being represented in Figure 6. The carriage 6³ has
an arm e³ extending from it, as seen in Figures 6 and 10, the said arm having
a small friction roller fs adapted to its lower end, as denoted in the said
Drawings. The said arm and its friction roll project into a long passage or
slot g, Figure 1, made vertically through a long curved plate .hs, which is
secured to and projects at right. angles from the carriage f, as seen in the
Drawings; consequently, whenever a movement either. towards the right or,
The said carriage
guides c³, c³, which

page_text: left is given to the carriage between the slides g, g, the said carriage will
cause the slotted arm or curved plate h³ to so press upon the roll f of the
arm e³ as to create a corresponding movement of the carriage &, and of course
a similar movement of the wire box attached to it. When the lay beats
up or moves back after having beaten up a filling thread or a wire, no motion
of the carriages f and 63 should take place within their respective guides 9, 9,
and c³, ; at these times the roll f³ freely moves from one end of the slot g
to the other thereof. The wire box is made of sufficient length to receive
the wire, and without any bottom, that is to say, it has a vertical passage 23
made through it, the transverse shape of which is denoted in Figures 6 and
11, the latter being a cross section of the box taken near one end of it. At or
within the back of the box a long horizontal shaft is arranged, as seen in
Figures 11, 12, and 13; Figure 12 being a vertical section of the right-hand
end of the box, taken so as to exhibit the shaft k³. Figure 13 denotes a top
view of a portion of the said end of the box, a part of it being shewn as broken
away in order to exhibit the shaft . Figures 11, 12, and 13 are drawn to a
scale greater than that of Figures 1, 2, 5, and 10. The shaft A³ is supported
in proper bearings, and has two curved arms P, P, projecting from it and
extending within the opening 23, as seen in Figures 1, 6, 11, 12, 13. When the
wire drops from the fingers, it falls into the opening, and is received upon
and sustained by the curved arms P, P, as represented in Figures 11 and 12, in
which denotes the said wire. The shaft 3 has a small arm m extending
downwards from it, and into the opening n³ of a small forked arm o", which
projects horizontally from a vertical shaft p³, situated as seen in the Drawings.
The shaft has a wound helical spring 93 arranged upon it, as seen in
Figures 11 and 12, the lower end of the said spring being inserted in and
made fast to the box 2. The other or upper end of the spring is secured to
the shaft in such manner as to cause the spring to exert a torsion strain upon
the shaft p³, and thereby cause the arm o³ to so act upon the arm m³ as to
turn the shaft 8 in the direction necessary to carry the arms P, P, into the
positions within the interior of the box 2, as denoted in Figure 11. There is
a small lever or arm fixed upon the top of the shaft p³, and extending from
it, as seen in the Drawings. When the wire box 22 enters the shed of the
warps far enough for the wire that may be within it to be dropped from it, the
outer end of the said small lever or arm, by the continued movement of the
box, is carried into contact with a studs, projecting from the reed frame of
the lay, and is turned around in such manner as to partially rotate the shaft p
and cause its arm o to move the armni³ in the direction necessary to turn

page_text: the shaft far enough to withdraw the curved arms P, P, from underneath
the wire z; and thereby permit it through the action of gravity to fall out of
the box and upon the lower threads of the warps, as seen in Figure 6. As
the box leaves the warps, and the lever moves from contact with the
studs, the spring q³ will cause the curved arms P, P, to move back again into
a position within the box necessary to receive the next wire that may be
dropped into the said box, in order that the wires z, z, &c. as fast as they are
woven into the warps may have their ends arranged in lines parallel to the
selvage of the cloth or carpet, as the same are represented in Figure 8. I
affix to the carriage fan arm t, which is made to extend therefrom, as seen
in Figures 2, 4, and 8. When the carriage moves towards the woven
fabric in order to carry the pincers into the correct position to grasp a wire, it
moves the end of the arm P, in contact with the end of the wire last woven;
into the warps, and should it protrude too far towards the right, the said arm
will force it through the fabric, until it (the arm) ceases to move; thus the
right or right hand end of each wire will be acted on by the arm t³, when
said wire is woven into the cloth. In the process of weaving, the two parts
of the loom above specified are alternately brought into operation; first,
the part, of the loom which forms the cloth continues in operation 'till the
number of threads of filling required for a wire are introduced; then the
belt S is shifted from the pulley R to the pulley U, which puts in motion
the second part of the loom, or that which draws a wire from the pile and
inserts the said wire under the figuring warps prepared to receive it; this
being done, the belt S is shifted from the pulley U to the pulley R, which stops
the second part of the loom, and puts in operation the first part, as was
previously, effected.
•
}
Having thus particularly described the nature of my improvements. in
acchanism for weaving Brussels carpets, or other like fabrics, that which I
claim therein is, the peculiar mechanism or organization, as represented in
Figures 14, 15, 16, and 17, and for the purpose of shifting or changing the
belt S from one of the driving pullies R or U to the other thereof, in the
manner and for the objects as above described..
I also claim elevating the figuring warps by means of the moveable comber
board as set forth, and in combination therewith I claim the arrangement of
the headdles or harnesses by which the linen warps are operated in rear of
said comber board and jacquard harness, as represented in the Drawings, and
as above described.
I also claim the combination of mechanism by which the wires are succes-

page_text: sively seperated one from the other and pushed towards the pincers or forcepts,
by which they are withdrawn from the woven fabric and carried or deposited
between the fingers z¹³, 2¹, a², a².
I also claim the combination of mechanism, by which the wires are
successively extracted from or drawn out of the woven fabric and between the
fingers which receive and deposit them in the box, by which they are conveyed
and dropped into the shed of the warp, the whole being substantially as above
set forth..
I. also claim the combination with the pincers or apparatus by which a wire
is extracted or drawn out from the woven fabric, the peculiar mechanism
which receives the wire and drops it into the box by which it is conveyed, to
and from which it is deposited in the shed of the warps, the said mechanism
consisting of the fingers ¹, 21, a2, a³, constructed, arranged, and operated
substantially as above specified.
I also claim, in its combination with or application to the parts with which
it is immediately connected and operates, the peculiar mechanism for receiving
a wire and carrying and depositing it in the shed of the warps, the said
mechanism consisting of the box 22, and its rising and falling arms P³, 1, or
other mechanical equivalents, arranged. and actuated substantially in the
manner as above described.
I also claim, in combination with the let-off motion, the mechanism which is
applied to it, and the yarn. roller 6, the same being constructed substantially
as above described, and for the purpose of regulating the action of the let-off
motion, as herein-before specified.
I also claim, in combination with the above, a friction brake apparatus
operating substantially as above described, the same being for the purpose of
preventing the yarn roller 6* from moving when the lay beats up the cloth..
In witness whereof, I, the said Erastus B. Bigelow, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of March, of the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-six.
ERASTUS B. BIGELOW. (L.B.):
Taken and acknowledged by Erastus B. Bigelow (party
hereto), at Boston, in the State of Massachusetts,
in the United States of America, this Twenty-fourth

page_text: This is the Specification referred to in the Affidavit of William Henry Richie,
J. W. FARRER.
sworn before me this 2nd day of June, 1846.
William Henry Ritchie, of Old Square, Lincoln's Inn, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, maketh oath and saith, that he is acquainted with the
manner and character of the handwriting of Erastus B. Bigelow, of Boston, in
the State of Massachusetts, of the United States of America, Engineer; and
that this deponent further saith, that the signature "Erastus B. Bigelow," set,
subscribed, and written at the foot of the Specification hereunto annexed, and
marked with the letter A, and dated the Twenty-fourth day of March now last
past, and purporting to be executed by the said Erastus B. Bigelow, and
acknowledged by him before William Elliott, Her Britannic Majesty's Vice-
Consul for the State of Massachusets aforesaid, on the said Twenty-fourth day
of March, is of the proper handwriting of the said Erastus B. Bigelow.

page_text: Figure 14 Top view of the guide block n²
Figure 15 Top view of the lever s
Figure 16 Side view of the liver s 2.
Figure 17 Top view of the horizontal plate br
Figure 18 Untial section of the sectoral lever it and hook
k.
Figure 19 Top view of the hook 2 and other parts connecte
with it and which are situated in rear. of the day and betwee
the vibrating shuttle box frames.
Figure 20. heurevation of the same
Figure 21. Side elevation of the arm d² and certain parts
below.
Figure 22 Top view of the arm d?
Figure 23. Horizontal or nearly horizontal section taken ("
through the top of the arm to and the shuttle boxes of the
two series in front and rear of it.
Figure 24 Frow of the rear side of one of the shuttlef
bossed.
Figure 25 Top view of Guide Crep z 6
Figure 26 Longitudinal and Vertical section of the
Guide lup z.