Improvements in Arrangements for Drying Slurry by the Waste Heat from Cement Kilns.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 26th June, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 26th Mar., 1896-Accepted, 9th May, 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Arrangements for Drying Slurry by the Waste
Heat from Cement Kilns.
I WILLIAM Jor of Snodland, in the County of Kent, Cement Burner, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention consists of the arrangements hereinafter described for drying
slurry by the hot gases passing from cement kilns.
According to one of the said arrangements I form a chamber having an arched
roof at the back of and about the level of the top of the kiln and provide for the
passage of the gases from the kiln into the said chamber the bottom and roof of
which constitute drying floors on which the slurry to be dried is spread. And
above the said roof I form another chamber the roof of which is on a level with.
the top of the arched roof of the kiln and consists of removable metal plates resting:
on and supported by walls built on the arched roof of the lower chamber and by
the arched roof of the kiln and by walls built thereon which plates constitute a
third drying floor. The said chambers communicate with each other at the end
farthest from the kiln and the upper chamber communicates with a chimney or
chimneys at or near the front or kiln end of the said chamber or at the rear end thereof
(ie. the end farthest from the kiln) by means of flues or passages provided with
dampers so arranged that when the dampers are open and the kiln is in action the
gases therefrom pass through the lower drying chamber and thence through the
upper drying chamber to the chimney or chimneys. Where the chimney or
chimneys is or are at the kiln end the gases pass through the upper chamber from
back to front thereof and thence pass to the chimney or chimneys. Where the
chimney or chimneys is or are at the rear end I so arrange the walls which
support the roof of the upper chamber as to form in the said chamber compartments
which communicate with the lower chamber and with each other and with the
chimney or chimneys in such a manner that the gases which enter the said upper
chamber at its rear end are caused to pass to the front end and then to return to
the rear end. I build the lower chamber of sufficient height for men to work in
conveniently when dried slurry is required to be removed from the floor thereof
and I form the upper chamber of considerably less height as it is not necessary to
enter it in order to remove dried slurry from the floor thereof access to the said
floor being readily obtainable by removing the plates or some of the plates forming
the roof of the said chamber.
According to another of the said arrangements I build at the back of the kilo
two chambers one above the other each of sufficient height for men to work in and
above the upper of the said chambers I form a third chamber of less height and
having a roof formed of metal plates supported by walls as in the case of the upper
chamber of the arrangement herein before described. The floors of each of the said
three chambers constitute enclosed drying floors and that of the uppermost chamber
constitutes an open drying floor. The communications between the kiln and the
lowermost chamber and between the several chambers are such that the gases pass
from front to back of the said lowermost chamber and from back to front of the.
Where
chamber next above it and enter the uppermost chamber at the front end.
the chimney or chimneys is or are at the rear end the walls which support the plates
forming the roof of the said uppermost chamber are so arranged as to admit of the
gases passing from it at that end. Where the chimney or chimneys is or are at the

page_text: front end the said walls are so arranged as to cause the gases to pass first to the rear
end and then to return to the front end whence they pass to the said chimney or
chimneys. In this arrangement the arched roof of the kiln may form a portion of
the open drying floor or of the floor of the uppermost chamber or of that next below
it according to circumstances.
According to another of the said arrangements 1 dispense with the upper
chamber and form a drying floor on or above the arches of the roof of the other
chamber by means of metal plates which rest on the crowns of the said arches and
bridge over the spaces between them thus forming flues in the spandrils through
which the hot gases pass from the said chamber to the chimney which may be at or
near either the kiln end or the rear end of the said chamber. In some cases I
provide additional support for the said metal plates by building walls between the
said arches to the height of the crowns thereof.
In all the arrangements hereinbefore described a roof or covering of suitable
material may be erected over the uppermost drying floor to protect the slurry
thereon from rain.
The arrangements hereinbefore described are applicable both to kilns built
separately and to kilns built in rows.
Dated this Twenty-sixth day of June 1895.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in Arrangements for Drying Slurry by the Waste
Heat from Cement Kilns.
I, WILLIAM JOY of Snodland in the County of Kent Cement Burner do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention consists of the arrangements hereinafter described for drying
slurry by the hot gases passing from cement kilns.
According to one of the said arrangements I form a chamber having an arched
roof at the back of and about the level of the top of the kiln and provide for the
passage of the gases from the kiln into the said chamber the bottom and roof of
which constitute drying floors on which the slurry to be dried is spread. And
above the said roof I form another chamber the roof of which is on a level with the
top of the arched roof of the kiln and consists of removable metal plates resting on
and supported by walls built on the arched roof of the lower chamber and by the
arched roof of the kiln and by walls built thereon which plates constitute a third
drying floor. The said chambers communicate with each other at the end farthest
from the kiln and the upper chamber communicates with a chimney or chimneys at
or near the front or kiln end of the said chamber or at the rear end thereof
(ie. the end farthest from the kiln) by means of flues or passages provided with
dampers eo arranged that when the dampers are open and the kiln is in action the
gases therefrom pass through the lower drying chamber and thence through the
upper drying chamber to the chimney or chimneys. Where the chimney or
chimneys is or are at the kiln end the gases pass through the upper chamber from
back to front thereof and thence pass to the chimney or chimneys. Where the
chimney or chimneys is or are at the rear end I so arrange the walls which support
the roof of the upper chamber as to form in the said chamber compartments
which communicate with the lower chamber and with each other and with the
chimney or chimneys in such a manner that the gases which enter the said upper

page_text: chamber at its rear end are caused to pass to the front end and then to return to
the rear end. I build the lower chamber of sufficient height for men to work in
conveniently when dried slurry is required to be removed from the floor, thereof
and I form the upper chamber of considerably less height as it is not necessary to
enter it in order to remove dried slurry from the floor thereof access to the said
floor being readily obtainable by removing the plates or some of the plates forming
the roof of the said chamber.
The application of the said arrangement to a portion of a row of kilns built side
by side is illustrated partly in plan and partly in section in Figure 1 of the
accompanying drawings the chimneys by which the gases passing from the drying
chambers are conveyed away being shown at the front or kiln end. Figure 2
represents a vertical longitudinal section of the same arrangement taken on the
line A A Figure 1. Figure 3 represents a vertical transverse section taken on the
line B, B Figure 1 looking towards the kilns and Figure 4 represents a vertical
transverse section taken on the line C C Figure 1 looking towards the rear end of
the structure. The line of the section shown in Figure 1 is indicated at D D in
Figure 3.
'
Referring to the said figures a a are the kilns a¹ a' are the arched roofs thereof. b, bare
the chambers into which the gases pass directly from the kilns through openings a² a².
cc are the upper chambers, c¹ care the metal plates forming the roof of the said
chambers which plates are supported by walls c³ ³ ³ ³ cc and by the roofs a¹ a¹
of the kilns. a a³ are the "loading eyes" of the kilns. 6' 6' are openings in the end
walls of the chambers and at a are openings communicating between the kilns and
the chambers c c which eyes a' a' and openings 61 1a a are closed by brickwork
when the kilns are in action. d d are the passages by means of which the
chambers bbcc communicate at their rear ends. ee are the chimneys. ff are the
flues by which the gases pass from the chambers c c to the said chimneys and
are the dampers by which the passage of gases through the said flues ƒ ƒ is
controlled as and when required. When the openings a³ a³ b' b¹a a are closed and
the dampers g g are open and the kilns a a are in action the gases pass from the
said kilns through the chambers bbc c to the chimneys as indicated by the arrows
in Figures 1 and 2 the slurry which is spread on the floors of the said chambers and
on the plates c¹ e¹ forming the roof of the chambers c c being dried by the heat of
the gases so passing.
99
Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings is a horizontal section corresponding to
the section shown in Figure 1 in so far as regards the general arrangement of the
chambers relatively to the kiln and illustrating the arrangement of the walls c³ ³ ³ c³
by means of which the gases passing from the chambers b b into the chambers cc
are caused to pass to the front end thereof and then to return to the rear end in
order to enter a chimney or chimneys at the rear end of the structure which
chimney is not shown in the said figure. As the arrows in the said Figure 5
clearly indicate the course of the gases from the kiln through the lower and upper
chambers to the flue fleading to the chimney further description is unnecessary.
According to another of the said arrangements I build at the back of the kiln
two chambers one above the other each of sufficient beight for men to work in and
above the upper of the said chambers I form a third chamber of less height and
having a roof formed of metal plates supported by walls as in the case of the upper
chamber of the arrangement hereinbefore described. The floors of each of the
said three chambers constitute enclosed drying floors and the roof of the uppermost
chamber constitutes an open drying floor. The communications between the kiln
and the lowermost chamber and between the several chambers are such that the
gases pass from front to back of the said lowermost chamber and from back to
front of the chamber next above it and enter the uppermost chamber at the front
end. Where the chimney or chimneys is or are at the rear end the walls which
support the plates forming the roof of the said uppermost chamber are so arranged
as to admit of the gases passing from it at that end.
Where the chimney or
chimneys is or are at the front end the said walls are so arranged as to cause the

page_text: gases to pass first to the rear end of the said chamber and then to return to the
front end thereof whence they pass to the said chimney or chimneys. In this
arrangement the arched roof of the kiln may form a portion of the open drying
floor or of the floor of the uppermost chamber or of that next below it according to
circumstances.
The said arrangement is illustrated in longitudinal vertical section in Figure 6 of
the accompanying drawings which represents the chambers as so built that the
arched roof of the kiln forms part of the drying floor of the second chamber.
Referring to the said figure a is a portion of the kiln. a' is the arched roof thereof.
b is the lowermost chamber. * is the chamber next above. c is the uppermost
chamber and c is the metal roof of the chamber c which roof constitutes the open
drying floor. f is the flue leading to the chimney which is not shown in the drawing.
The course through the chambers of the gases passing from the kiln is indicated by
the arrows.
According to another of the said arrangements I dispense with the upper
chamber and form a drying floor on or above the arches of the roof of the other
chamber by means of metal plates which rest on the crowns of the said arches and
bridge over the spaces between them thus forming flues in the spandrils through
which the hot gases pass from the said chamber to the chimney which may be at or
near either the kiln end or the rear end of the said chamber.
An arrangement of this kind is illustrated in longitudinal and transverse sections
respectively in Figures 7 and 8 of the accompanying drawings the line on which
the section Figure 8 is taken being indicated at E E in Figure 7. Referring to the
Baid figures a a are portions of two of the kilns. 66 are the drying chambers
the arched roofs of which meet the arched tops of the kilns and form continuations
of the said arched tops. c c are the metal plates constituting the open drying
floors which plates rest on the crowns of the arched roofs of the kilns and chambers
and on the outer and party walls of the spandrils of the arches of the said roof's
being thus converted into flues with which the chambers b b communicate at their
rear ends and which communicate with the chimneys e e at the kiln end the gases
passing from the kilns through the drying chambers and flues to the said chimneys
as indicated by the arrows in Figure 7.
Although in the accompanying drawings I have represented the roof of each of
the drying chambers as formed of a single arch I would observe that where
desirable the said roofs may each be formed of two or more arches and additional
support for the metal plates c c may be provided by building walls longitudinally
on the said arches as illustrated in Figures 1, 3 and 4 or by building walls between
the said arches in cases where the roof of each chamber consists of more than one
arch. Where the chimney or chimneys is or are at the kiln end the said walls are
built so that the spaces between them communicate with the 'drying chambers and
the chimney flues substantially as illustrated in Figure 1. Where the chimney or
chimneys is or are at the rear end dividing walls in the spandril flues are required
in order to cause the gases to pass from the rear ends of the drying chambers to the
kiln ends of the flues and thence to pass to the rear ends of the said flues for which
purpose the said dividing walls are or may be built as illustrated in Figure 5 of the
accompanying drawings.
In all the arrangements herein before described a roof or covering of suitable
material may be erected over the uppermost drying floor to protect the slurry
thereon from rain.
The arrangements hereinbefore described are applicable both to kilns built
separately and to kilns built in rows.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I
claim
First. The combination with a cement kiln of arrangements for drying slurry by
the waste heat therefrom substantially as herein before described and illustrated in

page_text: Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the accompanying drawings that is to say the combina-
tion with the kiln of two chambers one above the other the floors of both of which
chambers are adapted for the reception of slurry to be dried and the lower of
which chambers communicates both with the kiln and with the upper chamber which
communicates with a chimney or chimneys and the roof of which is formed of
removable metal plates constituting an open drying floor. ◉
Secondly. The combination with a cement kiln of arrangements for drying
slurry by the waste heat therefrom substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in Figure 6 of the accompanying drawings that is to say the combination
with the kiln of three superposed chambers the floors of each of which are adapted
for the reception of slurry to be dried the lowermost chamber being in communica-
tion with the kiln and with the chamber next above it and the uppermost chamber
having a roof formed of removable metal plates constituting an open drying floor
and being in communication with the intermediate chamber and with a chimney or
chimneys so that the gases from the kiln pass from end to end of each of the said
chambers in succession on their way to the said chimney or chimneys.
Thirdly. The combination with a cement kiln of arrangements for drying
slurry by the waste heat therefrom substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated in Figures 7 and 8 of the accompanying drawings that is to say the
combination with the kiln of a chamber having a floor adapted for reception of
slurry to be dried which chamber communicates with the kiln and has an arched
roof above which is an open drying floor formed of metal plates the spandrils of the
arches of the said roof or the spaces between them and the said floor constituting
flues which are in communication both with the said chamber and with a chimney
or chimneys the several communications being such that the gases from the kiln
pass through the said chamber and thence through the said flues on their way to
the said chimney or chimneys.
Dated the Twenty-fourth day of March 1896.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicant.