Year: 1886

page_text: line wire, the indicator and relay coils being cut out, the current flows through
the coils of the transmitter, attracts the armature and brings the hammer against
spring on the left side of ledge E. E, which releases ledge E E (attached to spring Z)
from catch F; and causes the bar Z. Z by means of the spring G. G. to fly back to
its original position which breaks contact B. & C, and resets apparatus, and while
Z Z is flying back the catch D hits a lever which raises hammer M and causes
it to fall back on bell A.
The button L makes contact between J & K connected to line & earth for
signalling purposes,
The whole annaratus forms my system for fire alarms &ct.

page_text: More Places by Means of Electricity to be Used as Street
Fire Alarms or for other Purposes.
'C
I FRANCIS ELLIOTT STUART Electrical Engineer of The Moorings off The Grove
Hammersmith in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of my
said Invention for SYSTEM FOR SENDING AND INDICATING SIGNALS BETWEEN TWO
OR MORE PLACES BY MEANS OF ELECTRICITY TO BE USED AS STREET FIRE ALARMS
OR FOR OTHER PURPOSES," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
According to my Invention I may have any number of transmitters in street
posts or otherwise suitably fitted each one connected by a separate wire to its
corresponding coil which actuates flag in the indicator at the receiving station
with these are used a relay bell and battery for the purposes as hereafter described.
☐ When an alarm has been given at any one of the said street posts an electric
circuit is completed through a pair of electro-magnets (commonly called coils which
I propose hereafter to call coils) at the said street posts along the line wire
through indicator coils where it drops flag and from thence it joins up a local
circuit by actuating relay thus ringing bell at station continuously until a plunger
which I place on indicator board is pressed which switches out indicator and relay
coils and puts line direct to battery back to street post where it resets apparatus
by the means as hereafter described.
The said flag in falling presses together two springs for the purpose of each flag
in the indicator making its own connection back to its corresponding transmitter
so as to avoid when the plunger is pressed (which completes the circuit back to
transmitter at post) the loss of power by any leakage that may occur on any of
the lines leading to other transmitters.
My system of street fire alarms allows the flag of the indicator to shew at which
post the alarm has been given even after the transmitter has been reset...
The flags of the indicator are reset in the usual manner.
The reason why the coils of the transmitter are not effected by the current when
the indicator and relay coils are in the circuit is that when there are two or more
coils in a circuit the amount of magnetism absorbed by either is in exact proportion
to the resistance of the said coils. Now as I make the coils of the transmitter of
very low resistance and the coils of the indicator and relay of very high resistance
the amount of magnetism absorbed by transmitter coils when indicator and relay
coils are in the circuit is not appreciable but when I cut out the said indicator and
relay coils the whole of the magnetism is then absorbed by transmitter coils thus
effecting the object in view.
In addition to the pull for the public I have a push on a spring which can only
be reached by opening the door of the transmitter case the said push when pressed
connects line wire to earth and is for the purpose of signalling to the fire station
or other place the nature of the fire.
Before front of transmitter I place a plate of metal or other suitable material
for the purpose of protecting the mechanism of said transmitter from the weather
and also for providing a bearing for the pull of said transmitter.

page_text: 2
Upon this said plate I have enamelled printed or otherwise suitably inscribed a
code for the use of officials when signalling.
I have at top of transmitter a rack for glasses for the replacing of the broken
ones and I also keep in said rack an out of order disc to be placed in lieu of glass
when transmitter or apparatus pertaining thereto is out of order so that the public
may be apprised of the condition of said transmitter. This said disc also informs
the public the nearest point at which a call can be given.
I provide when necessary the means of pointing out the direction of the fire to
be used only by firemen or other authorised persons.
To effect 'this I fix horizontally on top of street post a pointer which may be
moved round in any direction when the door is open but not when shut. This is
accomplished by passing a rod through top of post and fix it to pointer on the
other end of said rod (which is inside street post) I pivot a cog wheel of any
suitable size. Now on inside of door level with cog wheel is fixed a piece of metal
or other suitable material of taper shape so that when the door is shut this said
piece of metal may fit in any one of the cogs of the said wheel and so lock the
said pointer in the direction it may have been set.
I
In order to keep out the gases and damp arising from ground from the transmitter
I make my posts with a projecting rim inside of same a short distance below
transmitter case resting on this said rim I place a piece of board or other suitable
material and on this I lay a few inches of concrete or other air proof matter thús
effectually shutting out all gases and noxious vapours and damp.
On the outside of post I give directions for using the apparatus on enamelled
iron or other suitable material:
In order that my Invention may be properly understood I will now proceed to
describe the same with reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings. I may
add that the same letters denote the same parts in all the figures.
Fig. 1 shews front view of transmitter with metal plate taken off.
Fig. 2 shews side view of same.

page_text: flag to drop in the usual manner but in falling it will press together springs d³ ³
for the reason as before described when it is desired to break the current and to
signify at street post that an alarm has been received I press the plunger on
indicator board which switches line wire from the indicator and relay coils direct
to the battery the other end of which is to earth the whole of the magnetism is
then absorbed by the coils a a Figs. 1 and 2 of the transmitter which attracts the
armature b and brings the lower projecting part of hammer c against wedge g
which forces same out of notch h in the pull e which will allow the said pull e
to fly back into its original position by reason of the spring d¹ in flying back it
will be seen that it breaks the circuit at contact points m and n.
The upper projecting part of hammer c will strike the bell f and thus signify at
the street post that an alarm has been received.
This apparatus may be reset if desired by means of the mechanical reset j.
The push is solely for the use of firemen or other authorised persons for the
purpose of signalling by using any suitable code. It will be seen that when
pushed it makes contact o and o' but that the contact is broken immediately the
finger is released from push i by reason of spring which is contact point o,
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
Firstly. The means employed for resetting apparatus in transmitter as herein
described as and for the purpose set forth.
Secondly. The means employed for each flag of the indicator making its own
connection back to its corresponding transmitter as herein described as and for the
purpose set forth.
Thirdly. The means employed for indicating the direction of the fire as herein
described as and for the purpose set forth.
Fourthly. The means employed for protecting the transmitter from gases damp
and noxious vapours as herein described as and for the purpose set forth.
Fifthly. The rack for glasses at top of transmitter as herein described as and for
the purposes set forth.
Sixthly. The use of a disc to be used in lieu of glass as herein described as and
for the purposes set forth.
Seventhly. The means employed for giving directions for using the apparatus as
herein described as and for the purpose set forth.
HENRY WRIGHT,
Agent for the Patentee.