IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-MOTORS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, JOHN RILEY, of Riddings, Alfreton, in the county of Derby, Engineer &
Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
ELECTRO-MOTORS to be as follows:-
An armature consisting of 2, 3, or more soft iron bobbins with a chosen number
of hollows cut through each iron flange and parallel with the body of the bobbin,
set end to end lengthways on shaft or shafts, and wrapped with insulated wire :-
thus, if there are three bobbins, there are three wrappings, and three electro-
magnets, each having north and south polarity.
Each bobbin is magnetically insulated from the other, and in large bobbins that
are built up, each part of each bobbin, is in part or in whole magnetically insulated
from its neighbour.
Parallel with the shaft or shafts & bobbins I fix as many bars of soft iron as
there are hollows or projections on one flange, divide them equally around the
bobbins, and bind them in a frame:-these bars act as keepers to the north and
south end of each bobbin or completers of the magnetic circuits.
Each bobbin being set at a certain angle to its neighbour, the projections of each
bobbin will revolve towards these bars as the current is passed through such
bobbin, the last of the series bringing the first within due influence again.
Also a commutator consisting of one hub or body having strips 1, 2, 3, according
to the number of bobbins composing the armature, the number is repeated as often
around the hub as there are hollows or projections in a flange, each strip is electrically
insulated from the other and also from the hub or body.
Also a lever (somewhat like the reversing lever of a locomotive) radiating
from the centre of shaft or bearing on which is fixed a brush or contact piece
bearing on the commutator, which when moved forwards or backwards around the
required portion of the commutor, will cause motion in the electro-motor to be
forwards or backwards :-the current from this brush passes through any or all
of the bobbins in succession-to a ring which is common to all and upon which
'a second brush bears when no other field is used than the bars of iron.

page_text: Improvements in Electro-motors.
I, JOHN RILEY, of Riddings, Alfreton, in the county of Derby, Engineer and
Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN ELECTRO-MOTORS, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to bo
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
: First. An armature consisting of 2, 3, or more soft iron bobbins having iron
flanges, each flange having rather deep recesses cut into its circumference. These
recesses may be 2, 4, 6, or any other number-providing that the two flanges of
each bobbin and all the bobbins bear the same number, and that each flange of each
bobbin has its recesses parallel with the body of the bobbin.
The number of bobbins chosen to form the armature-are fixed end to end on
shaft or shafts, but are magnetically insulated from each other, and the projections
on the flanges of each bobbin are set at certain angles to those of the adjoining
bobbins so that when any one bobbin has revolved close to the keepers the current
is cut off and another bobbin taking it up revolves also to its keepers, the last one
of the series bringing the first one in position again.
Each bobbin being wrapped with insulated wire and having in turn a current of
electricity passing through becomes an electro-magnet with N and S polarity in
the flanges and would attract small bars of iron that are parallel with it & within
its influence, thus it is clear that any soft bar being placed parallel as described
and not able to move towards the bobbin-the bobbin will move towards the bar.
Large bobbins are built up, and each part of each bobbin is--in part or in
whole magnetically insulated from its neighbour.
Second. A frame of soft iron so constructed as to form the bars or keepers, and
within which the armature revolves, this consists of as many straight pieces as
there are projections on any one flange of the armature, They are set equi-distant
around the armature, reach the length of the complete armature usually, and are
bound together, strongly, this acting in the place of an electro-magnetic field-
usually in small motors.
Third. A commutator so constructed as to give each bobbin in the armature-
its current alternately, the rest being cut out for the time thus-if I have three
bobbins in the armature with four pairs of projections on each bobbin, I require a
commutator that will give out current twelve times in one complete revolution,-
that is to bobbin 1, 2, 3, in succession four times, and this I arrange two ways:
1st by a commutator with 12 insulated strips like ordinary ones, but these:
twelve strips are divided into three sets of four each composed of thirds, the four
of each set being joined together, and to their own' bobbins.
-
2nd by a commutator consisting of three discs, with four recesses cut in each
disc, this gives 12 projections, These twelve projections being set in advance of
each other "like the bobbins composing the armature" form a ring on which the
brush or wiper bears, this wiper being of sufficient breadth to cover the three
discs which are placed side by side.

page_text: These discs are duly insulated from the hub on which they ãre fixed, and from
each other.
Fourth. A reversing gear, consisting of a lever radiating from the centre of
shaft or bearing and on which is fixed a wiper resting on the commutator.
•
These being moved forwards or backwards-around the required portion of the
commutator will cause motion in the electro-motor to be forwards or backwards,
or if the motor is running it may be brought to a dead-stop by moving the lever
nearly midway. The current from this brush or wiper passes through any or all
the bobbins in succession to an insulated ring which is common to all, and upon
which a second brush bears when no other field is used than the bars of iron-bound
together as described.

page_text: which gives current alternately to the bobbins of the armature according to the
number of bobbins chosen to form such armature, substantially as shown in divisions
three and four.
.
4. A reversing gear consisting of a lever L., a brush on holder H.-and bearing
on commutator, which-when moved into certain positions "without lifting the
brush off" insures self starting either way; or full stop if the motor is running-
the current being on-and a second brush W bearing on ring D., substantially as
shown in divisions three and four.