Improvements in and relating to Bakers' Ovens.
Year: 1894

page_text: +
Date of Application, 17th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 17th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 9th Mar., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Bakers' Ovens.
I, ARTHUR CHARLES STEVENS, of Shropshire House, Staines Road, Hounslow,
in the County of Middlesex, Baker and Confectioner, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to bakers' ovens and has for its object to distribute more
equally the heat in the same, thus obviating the difficulty heretofore experienced
that the bread or the like placed in the oven near the furnace was liable to be
burnt before the bread or the like placed at a further distance from the said
furnace was properly baked and that the part of the oven floor in close proximity
to the furnace was rapidly destroyed by the action of the flames upon the same.
In carrying my invention into practice I provide in the interior of the oven and
in front of the opening through which the heat passes from the furnace to the oven
a framework made of a suitable size and shape and having attached to it a
deflecting plate against which the said heat impinges so that according to the
angle at which this deflecting plate is placed the heat will be thrown more or less
to the rear of the oven, thereby regulating the action of this heat as desired. The
said deflecting plate may also be secured directly to the floor of the oven if
preferred.
I fix this deflecting plate either to the framework or to the floor of the oven by
hinges or the like and it may be operated by means of a straight bar attached in
any convenient manner to the top of the said plate. With this bar I connect a
curved bar arranged so as to project through an aperture provided for the purpose
in proximity to the oven door. A handle is secured to the end of the curved bar
which may be notched or furnished with any other suitable means for holding the
bars and the plate in the position to which they have been adjusted.
A modification of this arrangement consista in providing at the bottom of the
deflecting plate a spindle to which the deflecting plate is firmly attached, and in
connecting this spindle to the floor of the oven, or to the framework round the
opening through which the heat passes from the furnace to the oven. At one end
of the before-mentioned spindle I fix a toothed wheel adapted to gear with another
toothed wheel arranged on a second spindle which extends to the outside of the
oven at a convenient place, where it has a suitable handle. By turning this handle
the deflecting plate may be raised or lowered to any desired angle and fixed in its
position by a locking device of any suitable description.
Dated this 17th day of April 1894.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and relating to Bakers' Ovens.
1, ARTHUR CHARLES STEVENS, of Shropshire House, Staines Road, Hounslow
in the County of Middlesex, Baker and Confectioner, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to bakers' furnace ovens and has for its object to distribute
DOJ1

page_text: more equally the heat in the same, thus obviating the difficulty heretofore
experienced that the bread or the like placed in the oven near the furnace was
liable to be burnt before that placed at a further distance from the furnace was
properly baked, and that the part of the oven floor in close proximity to the
furnace was rapidly destroyed by the action of the flames.
The aforesaid object is achieved by providing at the rear end of the furnace a
deflecting plate adapted to turu about its lower edge and to be held by appropriate
means at various angles relatively to the floor of the oven.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood I will proceed to describe
the same with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 is a vertical section showing the furnace of the oven with the deflecting
plate.
Figures 2 and are horizontal sections through the furnace and front portion of
the oven, showing two devices for operating the deflecting plate.
Figure 4 represents a perspective view of the operating device indicated in
Figure 2.
Figure 5 represents a plan of the operating device shown in Figure 3.
Throughout these figures similar letters of reference designate corresponding
parts.
In carrying my invention into practice I arrange at the rear end of the furnace A
in the interior of the oven B a deflecting plate a of suitable size aud shape so that
it can be turned about its lower edge Figure 1. This deflecting plate is preferably
pivoted at the lower part of a frame b secured by spikes, Figures 1 and 4 or in
any other suitable manner to the rear end of the furnace, but it may also be pivoted
directly to the floor of the oven.
According to the angle at which the deflecting plate a is placed the heat leaving
the furnace A and impinging against the said plate will be thrown more or less to
the rear of the oven, thereby enabling the action of the heat to be regulated as
desired.
For operating or adjusting this deflecting plate a use may be made of various
devices. By way of example I have shown in Figures 2 and 4 and in Figures 3
and 5 two devices whereby this operation can be conveniently effected.
In the arrangement illustrated in Figures 2 and 4 an arm d is attached to the
rear side of the deflecting plate a and extends towards the side where the oven
door C is situated. I connect with the said arm d, either directly or by means of
a small chain e, a curved or straight bar f, formed with a number of notches and
extending through an aperture in the front wall of the oven by the side of the
door C to the outside of the oven where it presents a handle g. When the position
of the deflecting plate has been adjusted by operating the bar fa catch h above
the aperture in the front wall of the oven is caused to engage with one of the
notches in the bar f, thereby securing the deflecting plate in its position.
Instead of a barf I may attach to the arm d on the deflecting plate a chain i,
Figures 3 and 5, this chain being conducted over a pulley through an opening in
the front wall of the oven to another pulley k to which its end is fastened. This
second pulley k is fixed upon a shaft 7 supported by a bracket m bolted to one side
of the mouth of the oven. Upon the said shaft 1 also secure a ratchet wheel n
with which a pawl o pivoted to the bracket can engage. The extremity of the
shaft forms a square designed for the reception of a removable key p. By turning
this key in one or the other direction while the pawl is kept out of engagement
with the ratchet wheel the deflecting plate can be adjusted in its position, wherein
it is then held by the pawl being caused to engage with one of the teeth of the
said ratchet wheel.
By my invention, besides obviating the before-mentioned defects, I realize a
number of important advantages as compared with the customary mode of heating
bakers' furnace ovens. For instance I always obtain the much-coveted "top-heat"
necessary for the fine colour, bloom and general appearance of the batch, and
avoid an undue amount of bottom heat; the batch is baked in less time; a

page_text: considerable saving of fuel is effected; the weight of the loaves is preserved; and
the steam, without which a good loaf cannot be produced, is maintained during
the baking.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
First. In bakers' furnace ovens the employment of a deflecting plate at the rear
end of the furnace, this plate being pivoted at its bottom edge and adapted to be
adjusted to various angles relatively to the floor of the oven, substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
Second. In bakers' furnace ovens the employment, in combination with an
adjustable deflecting plate a, of an operating device comprising a notched bar f
attached to an arm d on the deflecting plate and held in its position by a catch h,
substantially as described and represented in Figures 2 and 4.
Third. In bakers' furnace ovens the employment, in combination with an
adjustable deflecting plate a, of an operating device comprising a chain i, pulleys j
and k, the latter pulley being fixed on a shaft together with a ratchet wheel n,
with which a pawl o can engage, and a removable key p, substantially as described
and represented in Figures 3 and 5.
Dated this 17th day of April 1895.