Improvements in Metallic Packing for Piston Rods and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Metallic Packing for Piston Rods and the like.
I, THOMAS HOSKING, of 1 Thomas Street, Liverpool in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows
This invention relates to metallic packing for piston rods and the like, and the
object is to provide a 'steam tight packing adapted to accommodate itself' to the
vibration of the rod.
The packing consists of a series of white-metal rings or brass rings lined with
white metal, which are divided longitudinally so as to form segments'adapted to be
pressed inwardly on to the rod to be packed. These packing rings are located in
the stuffing box and their thickness radially is such that when they bear on the rod
their outer periphery is clear of the wall of the stuffing box. The packing rings
are pressed inwardly on to the rod either directly, by the pressure of an encircling
spiral spring fitting in a recess formed in the periphery of the ring, or indirectly by
vee shaped rings pressed inwardly by a spring or 'springs, the bevelled sides of the
vee rings bearing against corresponding bevelled sides of the packing rings.
The vee rings may be divided longitudinally, like the packing rings, in which
case their springs press them in radially; or they may be divided transversely in
halves, or both transversely and longitudinally, in which cases their springs tend to
separate the halves.
I prefer not to rely upon the circumferential contraction of the encircling
spiral springs, due initial tension, to produce the desired pressure, 'but to so
arrange the diameter of the springs, the size of the grooves in which they fit,
and the bore of the 'stuffing box, that, when the rings are in position, the "con-
volutions of the springs are compressed transversely between the stuffing box and
the rings, with the result that the cross-section of the 'springs is changed from
circular to oval shape.
3
The neck rings of the gland and stuffing box are, when the vee rings are used,
also bevelled, and the pressure transmitted longitudinally serves to make the 'joiut
between them and 'the packing rings; or a spiral spring may be interposed
between certain of the packing rings to produce a longitudinal pressure between the
successive rings.
Holes are provided in the rings to allow the steam pressure to act on both the
insides and ousides of the rings.
The springs may be of circular cross-section or a special shape of cross-section
may be adopted to suit the grooves.
Dated this 5th day of June 1894.
SLOAN & LLOYD BARNES,
Castle Chambers, 26, Castle Street, Liverpool,
Agents for the 'Applicant.

page_text: •
Improvements in Metallic Packing for Piston Rods and the like.
I, THOMAS HOSKING, of 1 Thomas Street, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster; Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to-be-performed,-to-be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to metallic packing for piston rods and the like, and the
object is to provide a steam tight packing adapted to accommodate itself to the
vibration of the rod.
I have illustrated my invention in the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Figs. I, III and V are longitudinal sectional elevations of three different
arrangements of the packing, and Figs. II, IV and VI are the corresponding
transverse sectional elevations; throughout the drawings, similar parts are indicated
by the same reference figures, and in the case of sections, the direction in which
they are viewed is indicated by the small arrows placed adjacent to the letters
denoting the plane of section. The piston rod 3 is omitted from Figs. II, IV
and VI.
The packing consists of a series of white metal rings 1 or brass rings 2 lined with
white metal, which are divided longitudinally so as to form segments adapted to be
pressed inwardly on to the rod 3 to be packed. These packing rings are located
in the stuffing box 4 and their thickness radially is such that when they bear
on the rod their outer periphery is clear of the wall of the stuffing box. The
packing rings are pressed inwardly on to the rod either directly, by the pressure
of an encircling spiral spring fitting in a recess formed in the periphery of the
ring, or indirectly by vee shaped rings 5 pressed inwardly by a spring or springs 6,
the bevelled sides of the vee rings bearing against corresponding bevelled sides of
the packing rings.
The vee rings may be divided longitudinally, like the packing rings, in which
case their springs press them in radially; or they may be divided. transversely in
halves, or both transversely and longitudinally, in which cases their springs tend to
separate the halves.
I prefer not to rely upon the circumferential contraction of the encircling
spiral springs, due to initial tension. to produce the desired pressure, but to so
arrange the diameter of the springs, the size of the grooves in which they fit, and
the bore of the stuffing box, that, when the rings are in position, the convolutions
of the springs are compressed transversely between the stuffing box and the rings,
with the result that the cross-section of the springs is changed from circular to
oval shape.
The neck rings 7 and 8 of the gland 9 and stuffing box 4 are, when the vee rings
are used, also bevelled, and the pressure transmitted longitudinally serves to make
the joint between them and the packing rings; or a spiral spring 10 may be
interposed between certain of the packing rings to produce a longitudinal pressure
between the successive rings.
Holes may be provided in the rings to allow the steam pressure to act on both the
insides and the outsides of the rings.
The springs 6 may be of circular cross-section or a special shape of cross-section
may be adopted to suit the grooves.
Referring now to the drawings;-Figs. I and II illustrate the arrangement in
which vee rings 5, divided longitudinally, are fitted; the mode of dividing the rings
is shown in Fig. II which is a sectional elevation on the line A. A. of Fig. I the
springs 6 being omitted. In this arrangement 1 have shown coiled springs 6 of
special shape in cross section, but it is to be understood that this shape of spring is

page_text: equally applicable to the arrangement in which the vee rings are divided trans-
versely. The white metal rings 1 are also divided longitudinally as shown by the
dotted lines in Fig. II.
In the arrangement shown in Figs. III and IV the vee rings 5 are divided
longitudinally, but the packing rings in this arrangement are not wholly composed
of white metal but consist of hard metal rings 2 with a lining of white metal. The
white metal is kept in place by making the groove in which it is cast dovetailed ;
the construction of these lined rings 2 is clearly shown in the drawings, and the
transverse section, Fig, IV, is taken ou the line B. B. passing through one of the
rings.
In Figs. V and VI the vee rings 5 are divided transversely, instead of
longitudinally as in the arrangements previously referred to, so that the pressure
due to the alteration of the transverse section of the springs tends to separate the
halves of the vee and so, in virtue of the bevelled edges of the rings 1 and 5, to
press the former on to the rod.
In the two arrangements last described I supplement the action of the encircling
springs by an interposed spring to give longitudinal pressure. In Figs. III and IV
the interposed spring takes the form of a spiral spring 10 kept in position by, and
transmitting its pressure through, the two rings 11, and in Figs. V and VI the
interposed spring consists of a thin elastic corrugated plate 101 which when initially
compressed gives the required longitudinal pressure; the plate 10' transmits its
pressure through the bevelled rings 11'.
In Fig. VI the section is taken on the line C. C. of Fig. V to show the corrugated
plate 10 in end elevation.
The gland 9 makes a fluid tight joint with the stuffing box by means of a
ring 12 and its position longitudinally may be adjusted by varying the thickness of
this ring.
It is to be understood that I make no broad claim to the use of an interposed
spring such as 10, nor to spiral springs adapted to press the rings on to the rod in
virtue of their circumferential contraction, as these were well known at the date of
my application.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
clain is ;-
1. In metallic packing, in combination with the divided packing rings, the use
of encircling coiled springs adapted, in virtue of the deformation of the transverse
section of the coils thereof, by the reaction of the walls of the stuffing box, to
press the said packing rings on to the rod; substantially as described and
illustrated.
2. In metallic packing, in combination; the divided packing rings, the longi-
tudinally divided vee rings, and the coiled springs; substantially as described and
illustrated.
3. In metallic packing, in combination, the divided packing rings, the trans-
versely divided vee rings, and the coiled springs; substantially as described and
illustrated.
4. In metallic packing, in combination; the divided packing rings, the vee rings,
the coiled springs, and the interposed spring for causing longitudinal pressure;
substantially as described and illustrated."
5. In metallic packing, in combination with the vee rings and the coiled springs,
the divided packing rings lined with white metal; substantially as described and
illustrated.
6. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved metallic
packing, substantially as described and illustrated in Figs. I and II.
7. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved metallic
packing, substantially as described and illustrated in Figs. III and IV.

page_text: 8. The combination and arrangement of parts forming the improved metallic
packing, substantially as described and illustrated in Figs. V and VI.
Dated this 5th day of March 1895.
'SLOAN & LLOYD BARNES,
Castle Chambers, 26, Castle Street, Liverpool,
Agents for the Applicant.