Improvements in Machinery for Corrugating Paper.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Corrugating Paper.
I, GUSTAV LESKE, of 70, Blumenstrasse, Berlin, Germany, Manufacturer, do
as follows:-
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
This invention relates to machinery for effecting the corrugating of paper for
the production of packing material therefrom such as is now commonly used.
The machinery is generally similar to the ruching or pleating machines at
present in use, but it has certain special mechanisms and arrangements by means
of which the ridges of the paper are pressed or bent laterally outwards over the
furrows in such manner that these outward bent parts retain their curvature and
are not bent into angular form.
The machinery therefore effects the production of corrugated paper to which
a great elasticity is imparted by the laterally outward bending, so that it can be
employed with advantage both as packing material for fragile objects as also as mats
for such objects.
According to one arrangement of the machine for the above purpose there is
combined with the ordinary corrugating rollers, which are heated internally, a
pair of pressing rollers between which the corrugated paper passes after leaving
the corrugating rollers. These pressing rollers have a plain cylindrical surface,
slightly roughened so as to exercise a certain amount of grip upon the corrugated
paper and they are at a somewhat less distance apart than the height of the
corrugations so that as the paper passes between them they press. the ridges of the
corrugations inwards, thereby flattening them down and bulging them laterally
so that they overhang the furrows with their rounded side portions and thus
afford great elasticity not only in the longitudinal direction of the corrugated
paper but also in the direction of the height or thickness. The corrugated paper
is led from the corrugating rollers to the compressing rollers between guides
formed of a number of parallel wires stretched in frames, the corrugating and
compressing rollers being formed with circular grooves into which the stretched
wires fit. If necessary, the passage of the corrugated paper between the wire
guides from the corrugating to the pressing rollers may be assisted by means
of a pair of toothed feeding rollers the teeth of which are formed so as to readily
enter between the ridges of the paper, and move this forward towards the compress-
ing rollers.
These are also hollow and heated internally, so that by such heat the depressed
corrugations are made to retain their peculiar shape above described.
When the machine is intended for making corrugated paper serving as en-
velopes for bottles it is so arranged that the corrugations of the paper are made
deeper and more angular at that part of the wrapper which fits round the neck
of the bottle for which purpose the one end of the rollers is made with deeper
and more angular teeth than the other part.
According to another modification, instead of employing stretched wires
mounted in fixed frames as guides for the corrugated paper, I employ helically

page_text: coiled wire formed into endless bands which pass round grooves in the compressing
rollers and round grooves in a pair of toothed feeding rollers arranged between
the corrugating rollers and the compressing rollers so that the coiled wire bands
thus form travelling guides between which the corrugated paper travels along.
The feeding rollers, which enter with their teeth between the corrugations of
the paper, as in the first described arrangement can either revolve at the same
surface speed as the compressing rollers, or at a quicker speed, in which case the
corrugations are more or less pushed together as they pass to the compressing
rollers, or at a slower speed, in which case they are more or less drawn apart as
they pass along. To enable such variation in speed to be effected,
the said feeding rollers are built up of il series of separate rings
between each two of which is an annular groove containing a
loose
ring, round which rings the coiled wire bands pass, so that the wire
bands which travel at the same surface speed as the compressing rollers, will
carry the loose rings round with them at the same speed, irrespective of the
quicker or slower speed at which the feeding rollers may be made to revolve.
Between the feeding rollers and the compressing rollers may be provided a pair
of guide rollers for supporting the coiled wire bands and if necessary for bringing
them slightly nearer together than they are at the point where they leave the
corrugating rollers.
These guide rollers may either be plain cylindrical or they may also be pro-
vided with teeth for entering the corrugations of the paper and feeding this
forward.
Dated this 13th day of May 1898
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
achinery
for Corrugating Paper.
I, GUSTAV LESKE, of 70, Blumenstrasse, Berlin, Germany, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to machinery for effecting the corrugating of paper for
the production of packing material therefrom such as is now commonly used.
The machinery is generally similar to the ruching or pleating machines at
present in use, but it has certain special mechanisms and arrangements by means
of which the ridges of the paper are pressed or bent laterally outwards over the
furrows in such manner that these outward bent parts retain their curvature and
are not bent into angular form.
The machinery therefore effects the production of corrugated paper to which
a great elasticity is imparted by the laterally outward bending, so that it can be
employed with advantage both as packing material for fragile objects as also as mats
for such objects.
I will describe the said machinery with reference to the accompanying draw-
ings in which Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal section through the machine,
Fig. 2 is a part sectional plan shewing the lower corrugating and pressing
rollers. Fig. 3 is a part front view of the pressing rollers, between which the
corrugated paper is subjected to pressure. Fig. 4 shews the action of these rollers
on the paper to an enlarged scale. Fig. 5 shews a longitudinal section through
the corrugating rollers of somewhat different construction. Figs. 6 and 7 shew

page_text: part cross sections of these rollers taken respectively on lines 8-9 and 10--11
Fig. 5.
Fig. 8 shews a diagrammatic longitudinal section of a modified construction
of the machine. Fig. 9 shews an enlarged part cross section thereof.
In the arrangement shewn at Figs. 1 to 3 the feed of the paper is effected over
the grid A formed of bars a. The paper passes first between the corrugating
rollers B B which are heated inside in the usual manner preferably by means of
gas. These rollers are provided with circular grooves along their whole length
the same being the case with the pressing rollers C C¹.
Through these grooves of the rollers B B and C C₁ pass the two sets of parallel
wires DD which are adjustably secured in a stretched condition to the framing
of the machine. These. wire grids form between them a guiding passage for the
corrugated paper on its passage from the corrugating rollers to the pressing
rollers, and from the latter to the outside. The pressing rollers are hollow and
heated in the same way as the corrugating rollers.
The latter are of course formed to gear with each other, as shewn at Fig. 1;
the pressing rollers are roughened somewhat in order more effectually to carry
the corrugated paper along by frictional contact. When the corrugated paper
leaves the corrugating rollers, the corrugations have about the form shewn at b
Fig. 4, but this form soon becomes altered by the pressing together of the corruga
tions as shewn at b. This alteration results from the fact that the paper is not
drawn along by the rollers C C¹ but are pushed along by the rollers B B'. The
paper in the form then passes between the pressing rollers C C the distance
between which is such that they act upon the corrugations of the paper so as to
bulge the ridges out in a lateral direction as shewn, at }º Fig. 1,
The paper
crease them or form angular bends.
already receives a certain degree of elasticity in having the form b imparted to
it in passing through the rollers B B¹, and this elasticity is greatly increased by
the action of the rollers C C¹ thereon; the corrugations are not permanently se
to the form b, but owing to their elasticity, they open out again somewhat after
leaving the pressing rollers as shewn at 63, but they do not resume their original
form b, on account of the heating to which they are subjected by the rollers C C
during the pressing.
but not SO as to
The final form of the corrugations 63, thus obtained, renders them elastic in a
high degree, and consequently such corrugated paper can be employed with
great advantage for the protection even of very fragile articles.
When the corrugated paper is to be employed for packing bottles, such as wine
bottles, it is necessary not alone to protect the body of the bottle, but also the
neck thereby.
As the neck is of considerably smaller circumference than the body, and the
corrugations of the paper are relatively of considerable width, these cannot, even
when pressed together to the greatest possible extent be reduced to so small a
circle as would be necessary to fit close against the neck of the bottle.
For obviating this disadvantage the corrugations of the paper are made of
two different forms in their length, the part that is intended to surround the
neck being formed with deeper corrugations of an angular or zigzag form, which
allows of their being pressed much closer together. For this purpose the corrugat-
ing rollers are constructed as shewn at Figs. 5 to 7 of the drawings.
The part of the rollers B B from I to II Fig. 5 are formed with corrugations or
teeth of the usual form, as shewn at the section Fig. 6, while the other part is
formed with the deeper and more angular teeth shewn at Fig. 7. Of course the
length of the paper extending from the middle of one corrugation to the middle
of the next one must be exactly the same for both forms, so that the increased
depth of the spaces between the teeth required for the angular part of the corruga-
tions, as shewn on the drawings, must be proportioned in accordance with this
condition.
In those cases where the paper has a considerable width it is of advantage to

page_text: employ in place of the stationary wire grids D) D', travelling grids of helically
bent wires D 13 as shewn at Fig. 8.
These endless travelling helical wires are stretched over pressing rollers CC
provided with special circular grooves for this purpose, and they are also passed
over special transporting rollers E E Fig. 8, the peripheries of which are pro-
vided with grooves suitably formed for the helical wires to fit into them.
Each of these rollers is formed of a number of discs E Fig. 9 each of which
has a boss projecting on each side by means of which they are fixed upon a
shaft 3, and the two adjoining ones of which constitute a bearing for a ring e
revolving loose thereon, round the groove of which one of the helical wires 12 13
is passed. As the rings c can revolve independently of the discs E2 of the
rollers EE the surface speed of these rollers can be different from that of the
pressing rollers C C', so that by this means there can be effected, independently
of the transport of the corrugated paper coming from the rollers B B¹ by the
helical wires, a special additional transport under some pressure by means of the
toothed rollers EE that engage with each other. For this purpose the pitch of
the teeth of these rollers are made to correspond with the pitch of the teeth of the
corrugating rollers B B, the teeth being however made more angular than the
latter so that they will readily and reliably enter into the valleys of the corrugated
paper so as to grip the latter between them and carry it along.
The surface speed of the transporting rollers E E¹ is generally made greater
than that of the pressing rollers CC, so that the corrugations of the paper are
somewhat pressed together on their passage from E E to CC, in a similar manner
to that indicated at 6 Fig. 4. The speed of the rollers E E¹ might however be
so arranged that no pressing together of the corrugations is effected or even so that
they feed the paper forward at a slower rate than C C¹, so that the corrugations
become extended such action being determined according to the special purpose
for which the paper is intended.
For preventing the grids of spiral wire from bulging upwards or downwards.
supporting rollers F Fare provided that are preferably made with roughened
surfaces, and which may be arranged to bring the two grids slightly nearer to
each other at the point of contact. These rollers might, if desired be formed in
the same way as the rollers E E' namely with circular grooves in which the helical
wires lie, and the grooved rings might also be formed with teeth adapted to take
into the corrugations of the paper, as in the case of the rollers E E¹.
The surface speed of the rollers F F¹ must in either case be made the same as
that of the pressing rollers C C¹.
On the drawing, Fig. 8, the helical wires are shewn with their convolutions
somewhat drawn apart, they may however be arranged to lie closer together, or
even to touch, so as to serve as travelling bars.
Furthermore, the pairs of rollers C C F F and E E' can also be brought much
nearer together, so that the length of the straight parts of the helical wire grids
can be materially shortened.
The rollers EE and C C can even be brought as close together as is permissible
without coming in contact, and the rollers FF" can in this case be made of so
small a diameter as to fit into the small space that would still be left between the
rollers below their horizontal centre line.
The same arrangement as above described may also be applied to the first
described construction, and the special transporting rollers such as E E may also
be employed in that case, as indicated at Fig. 1; in this case the surface speed of
the transporting rollers would have to correspond with that of the corrugating
rollers, and not that of the pressing rollers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A machine for corrugating paper wherein the paper to be treated is first

page_text: corrugated between heated corrugating rollers and is then pushed by these between
wire grids towards heated pressing rollers arranged to exert such pressure upon
the paper that the ridges thereof are spread out laterally so as to overhang the
valleys, the wire grids being passed through grooves in the corrugating and
pressing rollers, which latter are placed at such a distance apart that the ridges
of the paper are only bent outwards and are not creased, substantially as described.
2. A machine for corrugating paper such as is referred to in the first claim,
wherein the teeth of the rollers are made of a greater depth at the one end than
at the other and are also made of a more angular form, substantially as and for
the purpose described.
3. In a machine for corrugating paper such as is referred to in the first claim,
the use of travelling endless helical wire grids in place of stationary wire grids,
such travelling helical wires being passed round grooves in the pressing rollers
and round special grooved transporting rollers, arranged between the pressing
rollers and the corrugating rollers, substantially as described.
4. In a machine for corrugating paper such as is referred to in the third claim
constructing the parts of the transporting rollers round which the helical wires
pass as separate rings rotatable upon the other parts of the rollers, substantially
as described.
5. In a machine for corrugating paper, such as is referred to in the first and
third claims, providing between the pressing rollers and corrugating rollers or
between these and the transporting rollers special rollers such as F F¹, that may be
provided with grooves and teeth, substantially as described.
Dated this 24th day of November 1898.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.