matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A NEW OR IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE TREATMENT OF LEATHER AFTER THE STUFFING' OPERATION
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Lawies Jackson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th April 1876.
WILLIAM LAWIES JACKSON, of Leeds, in the County of York. "A NEW OR
IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE TREATMENT OF LEATHER
AFTER THE STUFFING' OPERATION."
After the leather has gone through the operation of "stuffing" by the process
known as mill or drum stufling, it is at present taken therefrom and allowed to
cool gradually, the result is that the "stuffing" or dubbing being in a liquid state,
oozes out during the "slicking" or sleaking" process following, and a large
quantity of the "stuffing" is wasted.
"
Now in order to facilitate the carrying on of the next process immediately, I
remove the "stuffed" material or leather from the apparatus in which it has been
"stuffed" and place it in another receptacle, closed or open, and blow in upon it
cold air, or blow cold air into the same receptacle in which the leather has been
"stuffed," this has the effect of causing the "stuffing" or dubbing in the material
to congeal, set, or chill; ice, or other cooling material may be used in this
process.
By this operation the cooling process is much accelerated and a great saving of
"stuffing" or dubbing and of time is effected.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER SKATES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Percy Frederick Tarbutt at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th March 1876.
PERCY FREDERICK TARBUTT, of Horbury Crescent, County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER SKATES."
The Invention relates more particularly to the journals, bearings, and supports for
the sole plate and rollers, and consists in mounting two rollers on a spindle furnished
with a boss at its centre, through which a pin is passed vertically, by which arrange-
ment the spindle carrying the rollers is enabled to revolve horizontally with the pin
for its axis. And in forming a rod made to project horizontally from the centre of
the boss at right angles to the spindle and towards the centre of the skate; passing
said rod between the jaws of a fork made to project downwards from the sole plate,
and so arranged that it can revolve in a fixed position in the centre line of the length
of the skate. The upper end of the pin on which the spindle turns working on
suitable horizontal bearings attached to the sole plate, so as to allow the sole plate
to rock from side to side whilst the pin retains its vertical position. Sometimes I
purpose interposing a spring between the bottom of the sole plate and the head of
the pin, and thus diminishing the jar of concussion when in use. When the sole
plate is in a horizontal position the spindle carrying the rollers is at right angles to
the centre line of the length of the skate, and the skate so long as that is the case
will run in a straight line; but when the sole plate is made to rock, the fork deflects
or carries round the projecting rod which is held between its jaws and with it the
spindle carrying the rollers, which is thus forced into a position otherwise than at
right angles to the centre line of the length of the skate, and the skate is thereby
made to run in a curved direction at the will of the skater. A pair of such rollers
and bearings may be placed near the heel and another pair similarily arranged near
the toe of the sole plate, but I sometimes prefer to have only one such pair, either at
the heel or toe, and one fixed roller (i. c., capable only of turning on its axis) near
the other end. The different parts can be made of metal, and parts of wood or other
convenient material.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRESS HOLDERS OR DRESS SUSPENDERS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Josiah Walsham at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th October 1876.
JOSIAH WALSHAM, of the Firm of R. and J. Walsham, and also trading as C. J.
Shepherd and Company, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturing
Jewellers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRESS HOLDERS OR DRESS SUSPENDERS."
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in dress
holders or dress suspenders, by which improvements the dress is held or gripped
very securely, and the creasing of and injury to the dress prevented.
In constructing a dress holder or dress suspender according to my Invention I
use two spring arms joined or connected at top by a cross rivet or pin, the con-
nection being covered by a spherical or other ornament; or the two spring arms
may be made of one piece of wire joined at top by a loop. To the free end of each
of the said spring arms I attach by its edge a metallic disc; the acting faces of the
said discs are slightly cupped, and between them the dress is held or gripped. The
said gripping discs are situated at right angles to the said spring arms, the said
discs projecting inwards or towards one another. One of the spring arms is a little
longer than the other arm, so that when the two spring arms are closed or pressed
together, the two gripping discs are brought parallel to one another; that is, the
upper face of the disc on the longer arm is brought under and presented to the
lower face of the disc on the shorter arm, a space being left between the two parallel
or closed discs. The spring arms are closed or pressed together and maintained in
their closed position by means of the ordinary slide. When the said slide is raised
upon the spring arms, the latter open by their elasticity and the gripping discs
separate from one another. When the discs are in their closed or parallel position
they securely grip the dress between them, and when the discs separate by the
raising of the slide upon the spring arms, the said discs release the dress from
between them.
The outer faces of the gripping discs may either be flat, hemispherical, or of other
figure, and be ornamented in any desired manner.
Instead of making the gripping parts of the dress holder or suspender of two

page_text: discs as described, two rings may be used, the said rings being arranged on the
spring arms arms and acting in the manner described with respect to the gripping
discs.
When I make the gripping parts of the holder of rings as last described the
spring arms and the gripping rings may be made from one piece of wire.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN ROLLER SKATES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Cambridge at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th March 1876.
EDWIN CAMBRIDGE, of the City and County of Bristol, Engineer. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ROLLER SKATES."
In carrying out my Invention of improvements in roller skates I use, by
preference, two pairs of rollers, and each pair I mount in a hanger frame, which is
attached to or cast with (at a suitable angle) a ring or collar. This ring or collar
works or swings on or round a stud or pin firmly secured to the foot stand or stock
of the skate. The lower end of this stud or pin is threaded in order that a nut may
be screwed thereon to support the ring or collar and keep it in its proper position.
In order to regulate the amount of swinging motion given to the hanger frame,
I employ one or more india-rubber springs or washers, which may be carried in a
box attached to the under side of the foot stand or stock. A short arm or horn,
which is cast on to and forms part of the ring or collar, projects into this box and
is firmly held therein by the rubber springs or washers. Or two short clastic springs
may be used to each frame, one end of each spring being attached to opposite sides
of the foot stand, and the other end to the short arm or horn above referred to.
Or, if preferred, a steel spring may be used having its point of attachment at the
centre of the under side of the foot stand or stock, the ends of the spring being
connected in any suitable manner to the ring or collar of each pair of rollers; or
one or more coiled springs may be applied to each frame for the purpose of causing
them to return to their normal position.
The skater in working the skate will merely turn his foot in the direction in
which he desires to go without any canting or tilting of the foot stand or stock.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR ROAD TRAVELLING
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Harris at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th April 1876.
JOSEPH HARRIS, of Aston, in the County of Warwick. "AN IMPROVED APPARATUS
FOR ROAD TRAVELLING."
My Invention consists of the improvements herein-after described in the con-
struction of an "
Improved Apparatus for Road Travelling," as applied to bicycles,
skates, or other similar articles where motion is imparted by the foot.
For this purpose I employ a metallic rim or tyre, iron preferred, having upon its
outer edge a V-shaped groove, this is to receive an india-rubber band when required,
upon the interior of the said rim or tyre is a projecting ridge (the nave or hub for
carrying axle does not occupy in this Invention a central position), but still carries a
series of arms or spokes, but at the cud of each one is a small wheel with a groove
around its exterior and working upon a central pin compressing against the
projecting ridge, so that when motion is employed the rim or tyre will rotate while
the hub or nave remains permanent.
A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR STOPPING PUMPING ENGINES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Robertson at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th September 1876.
JOHN ROBERTSON, of Lanemark, New Cumnock, in the County of Ayr, North
Britain, Colliery Manager. "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR STOPPING
PUMPING ENGINES."
This Invention which relates to a new or improved apparatus for stopping the
engines employed in pumping water from coal and other mincs, quarries, and
similar situations, has for its object to stop the engine automatically or without the
aid of the engine keeper when the water has been nearly pumped out, and before
the pumps begin to draw air.
The Invention consists in placing in the steam pipe leading from the boiler to
the cylinder or cylinders of the pumping engine a throttle or butterfly valve which
is connected to a float placed on the water at the bottom of the mine or quarry;
the said float being also preferably connected to an indicator in the engine house,
and which indicator shews the rise and fall of the water. When the engine is in
operation and the water nearly pumped out the float in sinking with the water,
acts upon the throttle or butterfly valve before mentioned so as to cause it to
completely shut off steam from the engine, which is thereby stopped and damage to
the pumping plant is thus prevented
The apparatus may also be employed in conjunction with engines used in pumping
or forcing water and other liquids for purposes and in situations other than those
herein-before referred to.
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BALANCING AND SUPPORTING WINDOW SASHES AND SHUTTERS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Eliza Ann Thornton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th February 1876. A communication
from Thomas Thornton.
"IM-
ELIZA ANN THORNTON, of Saltburn-by-the-Sea, in the County of York, Widow,
Executrix of Thomas Thornton, of Saltburn-by-the-Sea, aforesaid, deceased.
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BALANCING AND SUPPORTING WINDOW SASHES AND
SHUTTERS." A communication from my late husband, the said Thomas Thornton.
This Invention consists in the construction of apparatus for balancing and sup-
porting window sashes and sliding shutters without the use of springs or weights,
and whereby that operation is performed in a more simple and effectual manner
than by the means hitherto employed for that purpose.
According to this Invention, a small frame of-iron or other suitable material, with
a front plate having an aperture therein of sufficient size to allow of the protruding
of a small wheel of brass or other suitable material, and which wheel may, if de-
sired, be provided with an india-rubber washer or periphery. Within the frame a
cradle or swing is hung, and in either side of which cradle or swing an inclined
slot is formed, and in which inclined slots the two ends of the axis of the before-
The
mentioned wheel are mounted so as to be capable of working therein freely.
bottom end of the cradle or swing is connected with a bar through which a set
screw works, by means of which the wheel is moved backwards or forwards so as
to balance any desired weight.
The apparatus is fixed in the frame of the window, one on each side of each sash;
those to support the top sash being placed just above or in a line with the bottom
bar, and those to support the bottom sash being placed in a line with or just below
the top bar; the requisite pressure of the wheels upon the sashes being regulated by
the set screws as herein-before mentioned.
AN IMPROVED PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF SKINS AND HIDES PREVIOUS TO THE TANNING PROCESS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Herzen at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th February 1876.
ALEXANDER HERZEN, of Florence, in the Kingdom of Italy.
"AN IMPROVED
PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF SKINS AND HIDES PREVIOUS TO THE TANNING
PROCESS."
This Invention consists in submitting hides and skins, whether dry, salt, or fresh,
to an immersion in a saturated solution of borax in water. The duration of such
immersion should be about ten days in summer and twenty days in winter, at the
end of which period the skins or hides will be found to be perfectly ready to be
scraped and put at once into the tanning pit, without requiring any other pre-
liminary preparation by means of chalk and the like, such as was heretofore
necessary, while at the same time the tanning process itself will be found to be
somewhat accelerated, and the leather resulting from it will be as fine, as good, as
durable, and resisting to wear and tear as any of the best leather hitherto
made.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SKATES FOR RINKS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Henton Wood and Thomas
Cross at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 11th March 1876
THOMAS HENTON WOOD, and THOMAS CROSS, both of Cardiff, in the County of
Glamorgan. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SKATES FOR RINKS."
The primary object of our Invention is to construct rink or roller skates in such
inauner that the wearer is enabled to make any desired curve or perform figuring
without the necessity of the front and rear axles converging for that purpose, and
we can thus dispense with the inore or less complicated mechanism employed in the
present ordinary rink skates to produce such convergence.
Our improved skates are constructed with one front and one rear roller placed
in the centre of the width of the skate, the front roller being situated so as to
come under the ball of the foot and the rear roller under the heel. Each of these
rollers is of double conical or of approximately barrel form, and is carried on an
axle which is supported at each end in a bracket or bearing fixed to the stock
or foot plate. The rollers are each made by preference in three or other desired
number of sections.
When the wearer wishes to turn to (say) the left he has simply to press upon
the left side of the stock and towards the front thereof when the whole skate will
cant to that side and as it will then run on the conical or inclined surface of
the rollers, chiefly of the front roller, it will turn in a curve to the left. Wo
prefer to make the stock or foot plate sufficiently elastic or flexible to "give" a
little under the action of the foot as is the case with the sole of an ordinary
boot. And in some cases we place a layer of india-rubber or other suitable
material upon the foot plate to prevent jarring in going over obstructions, or for
a like purpose we insert a pad of india-rubber or other suitable material between
the foot plate and the roller frame.
Sometimes instead of conical rollers as before described we employ two balls or
spheres one at the front and the other at the back, such balls being held in
frames from the bottom of which they project to a sufficient extent. These balls

page_text: bear at their upper part against anti-friction rollers and are free to turn in any
direction. The frames in which they are held are fixed to a foot plate by prefer-
cnce flexible. Or the frames either of the balls or of the conical rollers before
described may be attached to the boot by screws or otherwise, a stock or foot plate
being then dispensed with.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN BASKETS OR PROTECTIVE COVERINGS FOR CARBOYS OR OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Hall at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th September 1876.
HENRY HALL, of Barking, in the County of Essex, Basket Maker. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BASKETS OR PROTECTIVE COVERINGS FOR CARBOYS OR OTHER SIMILAR
VESSELS."
Baskets or protective coverings for carboys or other similar vessels have hitherto
been generally made entirely of osier or wickerwork, but in addition to being
wanting in strength it is found that they soon rot or wear out at the bottom, owing.
to their standing in cellars or other damp places, and that the upper part or
"border"
soon gets broken or damaged owing to the baskets being stood one upon
another, the bottom of one resting upon the borders of those below. Now the
object of my Invention is to make a basket or protective covering which while
possessing increased strength shall not allow the osier or wickerwork to come in
contact with the floor, and which shall not be liable to break or get damaged at the
border. For this purpose I combine with the osier or wickerwork hoops, bands,
or strips of iron or other metal or material possessing sufficient strength and power
of resisting damp. I first make a sort of metal cage or skeleton of iron hoop, for
example; this cage consists of a bottom hoop or ring, strengthened and widened by
an inner scolloped or other suitably shaped band; this hoop and band are for the
purpose of keeping the osier or wickerwork clear of the ground; from this hoop
I carry up any suitable number of vertical bands or strips which are rivetted to the
hoop and serve to strengthen the basket, and some of which also form the handles;
this metal cage having been made, I then work in or "slew" the osiers between the
vertical bands, adding osier rods or "stakes" where necessary, and applying the
border; I then finally rivet or fix to the top of the vertical metal bands a metal
hoop which rosts upon the border and is of smaller diameter than the outer diameter
of the border, the object of this hoop being to prevent damage to the border by
the carboy baskets which may be placed upon it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE HANGING OF WINDOW SASHES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henman at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 4th February 1876.
WILLIAM HENMAN, of 96, High Street, Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of
Durham, Architect. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE HANGING OF WINDOW SASHES."
First. The improvements relate to the employment of a non-elastic metallic
suspender (such as Hookham's Patent steel ribbon) connecting the top and the bottom
sash. The suspenders will pass over pullies fixed to the sash frame in such a
manner that one sash will counterbalance the other, requiring no weights; and in
consequence of the suspenders being non-elastic the top sash will always be closed
when the lower one is fully drawn down, and will fall by its own weight when the
lower one is lifted.
Secondly. In the employment of circular pieces of metal, either solid or hollow, let
into the sides of the sashes, each having a sinking or sinkings at one end of
sufficient size to receive the above-mentioned metallic suspender doubled, by which
means it may be held to the required tension.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GRINDING WIRE CARDS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Walton at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th September 1876.
WILLIAM WALTON, of Denton, in the County of Lancaster, Card Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR GRINDING WIRE CARDS."
My improved apparatus is applicable for grinding the card clothing on the
drums, rollers, or flats of carding engines. It is well known to cotton spinners
that the success of the spinning depends to a great extent upon the quality of the
carding, and the quality of the carding depends upon the means employed for
grinding and sharpening the teeth of the wire cards when dull or worn.
My Invention consists in so arranging the apparatus for grinding the cards that
the card wires shall be ground absolutely parallel with the surface on which they
are fixed. To accomplish this I support the axle of the emery or other grinding
roller or the strickle in ajustable bearings, which are raised or lowered to the
same extent by screws connected together by an endless strap passing around
pulleys, or by twin indicators or other equivalents, or the bearings are supported on
packings which are removed equally from each side as the wire is worn away.
IMPROVEMENTS IN INDEXING BIBLES, SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR INDEXING OTHER Books
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Dobbie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th May 1876.
ALEXANDER DOBBIE, of Glasgow, Scotland.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN INDEXING
BIBLES, SUCH IMPROVEMENTS BEING ALSO APPLICABLE FOR INDEXING OTHER
Books."
This Invention has for its object an improved method of indexing bibles and
other books for the purpose of affording facility of reference. For this purpose
take a bible or any other book, and cut the outer margin thereof into steps or
notches in the same manner as the alphabet is indexed at the commencement of a
ledger. Such index is so arranged that a fresh step or notch is cut at the commence-
ment of each book, division, chapter, or subject comprised within the work to be
indexed, and upon the first page of each of such steps or notches I print either in
black or in colored type the title of the book, division, chapter, or subject treated of
therein.
By my improved method of indexing the margins of bibles and other books great
facility of reference is afforded to any given text, chapter, or subject which may bo
desired to be referred to.
BALL VALVES FOR WATER CISTERN SUPPLY AND OTHER FLUID SUPPLY PURPOSES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hamer at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 16th November 1876.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
WILLIAM HAMER, of Northwich, in the County of Chester.
BALL VALVES FOR WATER CISTERN SUPPLY AND OTHER FLUID SUPPLY PURPOSES."
According to this Invention I attach a float, by preference hollow, and made of
thin metal, to the stem of an equilibrium or double seated valve, by preference of
ordinary mushroom shape with metallic seat faces and seats. Between the two
valves is the water outlet or feed from the water supply or main. The appliance is
placed in a box or chamber or service box or water cistern which is to be supplied
with the fluid; it works in suitable guide or guides. When the level of the fluid
in the chamber is lowered the float sinks also, and thereby the valve opens and the
fluid enters into the chamber through both valve openings. When the proper level
has been again attained the double beat valve is shut.
IMPROVE- IN THE PROPULSION OF STEAMERS, PART OF THE INVENTION BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES." MENTS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Constantin Tringuetta at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th July 1876.
CONSTANTIN TRINGUETTA, of Boulevard Saint Denis, No. 1, at Paris. " IMPROVE-
IN THE PROPULSION OF STEAMERS, PART OF THE INVENTION BEING ALSO
APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
MENTS
The object of my Invention is to effect a better utilization of motive power
more particularly in driving screw propellers.
Without changing the speed of the engines or that of the propeller I interpose
between the engines and the propeller a strong lever the two arms of which are
of unequal length and its fulcrum a rotular joint. The long arm is connected
by a spherical or other suitable joint to the fly wheel of the engines and the
short arm by a similar joint to a crank on the propeller shaft. The result of this
arrangement is that the propeller is much more powerful, its power being increased
in a ratio directly proportionate to that of the two arms of the lever. Thus if the
long arm be, for example, six times longer than the short arm, the power transmitted
to the crank on the propeller shaft will be six times that exerted upon the long arm
of the lever.
My mode of transmitting the power although specially intended for screw pro-
pellers is also applicable to paddle wheels, and generally in all cases where it is
desirable to utilize in the best manner possible the motive power of steam or
other engines.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ARMOUR PLATING
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Langley Banks and Robert Wright at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th July 1876.
LANGLEY BANKS, of No. 127, Campbell Street, Hull, and ROBERT WRIGHT, of
No. 143, London Road, Sheffield, both in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ARMOUR PLATING."
The object of the Invention is to secure an elastic resistance to the action of
projectiles, and thereby to render the use of thinner and consequently lighter plates
available for a given resistance.
For this purpose we form the outer coating by a layer of leather to a thickness
of, say, three inches, next within this there is a layer of iron plating, of, say, five
inches in thickness in place of one of 10 to 22 inches thick, and to which are
applied at suitable intervals the ends of pistons, which thence pass through blocks
of india-rubber, say, twelve inches thick, into cylinders placed in the main framing
of the ship's side, the pistons being fastened to the five-inch plates.
In place of india-rubber or in addition thereto we sometimes apply conical or
other suitably shaped springs, single or double, cork, rope, or other suitable clastic
substance.
By these means an elastic resistance will be presented to the action of the pro-
jectile to reduce its injurious effect.
A COMBINED SHIRT FRONT AND VEST."
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Watts Knight, of Clapham Junction, in the County
of Surrey, for the Invention of "A COMBINED SHIRT FRONT AND VEST."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Watts Knight at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th August 1870.
JAMES WATTS KNIGHT, of Clapham Junction, in the County of Surrey. "A COM-
BINED SHIRT FRONT AND VEST."
This Invention consists in combining a shirt front with a vest or vest sides and
back, in such fashion that they shall form one garment; the new garment thus
treated can be manufactured of cotton or linen or other convenient material, the
front made to represent a shirt front, and the sides and back formed like vests
in ordinary use, and may be supplied with a collar or otherwise.
The different parts may be attached to each other by eyelets and laces, or by
paper fasteners, or by buttons, or may be stitched or sewn together in the usual
manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said James Watts Knight in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th
February 1877.
JAMES WATTS KNIGHT, of Clapham Junction, in the County of Surrey. "A COM-
BINED SHIRT FRONT AND VEST."
This Invention consists in combining a shirt front with a vest or vest sides and
back, in such fashion that they shall form one garment; the new garment thus
treated can be manufactured of cotton or linen or other convenient material, the
front made to represent a shirt front, and the sides and back formed like vests in
ordinary use, and may be supplied with a collar and sleeves or otherwise.
The different parts may be attached to each other by eyelets and laces, or by
paper fasteners, or by buttons, or may be stitched or sewn together in the usual
manner.

page_text: The accompanying Drawing will serve to show convenient forms of the improved
vest shirt; Fig. 1 being a front view; Fig. 2, a back view; and Fig. 3, a sido
view. Though not shown, pockets may be made in the garment.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Watts Knight, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES FOR EXCRETA AND OTHER FOETID MATTERS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Gabriel and James Pickles at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th August 1876.
EDWARD GABRIEL and JAMES PICKLES, both of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN RECEPTACLES FOR EXCRETA AND OTHER FOETID
MATTERS."
Our Invention relates principally to the cans or receptacles which are employed
to receive excreta, and in which excreta are transported from place to place. Such
receptacles as made previously to our Invention have been formed of sheet metal
and have been fitted with lids which have not fitted in an air-tight manner, the
consequence being that noxious sinells have been emitted from the receptacles. To
remedy this defect we form the said receptacles with surrounding channels to
contain water or liquid, and we form the lids with deep flanches to enter the said
water or liquid so as to seal the receptacles.
In the arrangement which we consider to be most suitable the side of the
channel extends upwards and then returns downwards towards the water or liquid,
so as to form a trap to prevent the said water or liquid from being lost when the
receptacle is inverted to empty its contents. The said water or liquid may contain
a suitable disinfectant or deodoriser.
To facilitate the cleansing or emptying of the said channel, we may form an
opening in the side of the said channel and provide such opening with a screw cap
or plug.
Receptacles so constructed may be employed in the storage or transport of other
foetid or noxious matters.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING KNOB HANDLES TO THE SPINDLES OF DOOR LOCKS AND LATCHES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Elsley at the Oflice of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th May 1876.
THOMAS ELSLEY, of No. 32, Great Portland Street, in the County of Middlesex.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING KNOB HANDLES TO THE SPINDLES OF DOOR LOCKS
AND LATCHES."
This Invention has for its object to afford a ready means of adjusting the
distance between the knobs at the two ends of the spindle of a door lock or latch.
For this purpose the spindle, which is square in section, has at one of its ends
a knob permanently secured to it. The spindle at its other end has a screw thread
cut upon its angles. The knob which is to be secured to this end of the spindle
has a square socket formed in it, into which the end of the spindle can slide freely.
Upon the end of the neck of the knob is carried a collar which is free to turn, and
which screws on to the screw thread upon the spindle, thereby fixing the collar
firmly to the knob, yet allowing of the collar revolving freely. This collar is
secured to the neck of the knob by turning the edge of the collar over the end of
the neck of the knob. The collar is not allowed to bear against the face of the
rose plate upon the door, but a washer which turns with the spindle is interposed
between them so as to avoid all liability of the screw collar being turned upon the
spindle by the act of turning the knob. The bearing surface between the collar
and washer is also reduced to a minimum, and is formed close around the spindle,
so that even if the collar has any play upon the spindle the turning of the washer
may not be able to turn the screw collar, and consequently cannot alter its position.
The washer is circular, and lies within a circular recess in the rose plate. Upon
the back of the washer is formed a tubular projection fitting closely upon the
spindle, and circular on its exterior; this tubular projection passes through the
central hole of the rose plate, and forms a good bearing for the spindle.
In some cases also I provide a spring catch to retain the screw collar from
turning after its position has been adjusted.
NEW OR IMPROVED APPLIANCE FOR DRAWING CORKS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Bernard Fitzpatrick at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 25th April 1876.
BERNARD FITZPATRICK, of Sheffield, in the County of York. "NEW OR IMPROVED
APPLIANCE FOR DRAWING CORKS."
The bottle is placed on a foot recessed to suit, and carrying a vertical standard
on which a socket can slide up and down to suit various heights of bottles. The
socket is for the better guiding and steadying, by preference fitted with two rollers,
one above, and another below, and working in a groove in the standard. The
socket carries an arm which takes a cup or cap that sets on to the bottle neck.
The upper end of the corkscrew runs through the top of the cap, and is tapped into
a hand wheel. There is a nut held fast, and not allowed to turn with the screw;
also a sliding disc with two or more spokes on its under side, and with an arm out
to each side, which arms work in slots formed in the cap. A spiral spring holds
down the sliding disc against the top of the cork.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-When the wheel is turned the cork-
screw enters the cork; the two spikes on the sliding disc hold the cork to the
screw, so that the cork is compelled to come out of the bottle, and go up the cap.
By reversing the wheel, the spikes still holding the cork by the pressure of the
spiral spring, the cork is run to the bottom of the corkscrew.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING LUBRICATION TO THE CYLINDERS OF STEAM ENGINES AND BEARINGS
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Lumb and John Haigh at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th April 1876.
'
JAMES LUMB, Engineer, and JOHN HAIGH, Mill Manager, both of Elland, in the
County of York. "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING LUBRICATION TO THE
CYLINDERS OF STEAM ENGINES AND BEARINGS."
This Invention has for its object the construction of improved apparatus for
supplying lubrication to the cylinders of steam engines and to the bearings of shafts
in given or determined quantities, and at regular and defined periods of time, the
apparatus being also adjustable so as to supply a greater or less quantity, as
desirable, and as the apparatus is only operative when the engine is at work the
supply ceases on the cessation of motion of the engine.
We provide a tallow or oil cup, under which is a stem or neck, the interior of
the latter forms an inverted cone (having passage ways for the lubricant), between
which and the outer diameter of the stem or neck is an annular space. A hollow
conical plug (having entrance and exit ways for the lubrication) is received within
the cone; the plug has a spindle which extends to near the top of the tallow cup,
and a bridge or stay piece, through which the upper end of the spindle passes,
insures for the latter a vertical position; a worm wheel on the said spindles gears
with a worn on a spindle or worm shaft, and on the latter is also a catch wheel,
lever, and catch or pawl; a cop is screwed to the bottom of the stem or neck, and
has a hole provided for the passage of the lubricant to the cylinder or bearing.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
On the cup being supplied with tallow or oil and the engine started, the radius
bar, valve rod, or other going part of the engine, being connected to the catch lever,
will give a slow rotation to the worm shaft and worm, the latter drives the worm
wheel on spindle of the hollow conical plug, giving a slow and gradual rotation
thereto.
When the hole or port formed in the upper part of the hollow plug comes opposite
the hole or port formed through the upper port of the inverted cone the lubricant
will flow into the hollow plug so long as the two apertures are opposite each other,
or until the hollow plug is filled; on the further rotation of the plug the lower
holes or discharge ports will be opposite each other, and the lubricant will be
discharged by way of the passage through the neck or stem to the cylinder.
[Price 2d1

page_text: The radius bar, valve rod, or other going part of the engine may be connected
to the catch lever nearer or further from its fulcrum, so as to give a greater or
smaller amount of lubricant as required; and where the apparatus is applied for
supplying lubrication to the bearings of shafts the motion of the shaft may be
utilized for working the worm and going parts of the apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOXES, PORTMANTEAUS, CABINETS, AND OTHER LIKE. RECEPTACLES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Jenkins at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd February 1876.
FREDERICK JENKINS, of Regina Road, Tollington Road, in the County of Middle-
sex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOXES, PORTMANTEAUS, CABINETS, AND OTHER LIKE.
RECEPTACLES."
My Invention relates to means to be employed for opening or closing simul-
taneously the lid or cover and the front or side of a box, portmanteau, cabinet, or
other like receptacle so as more fully to expose to view or exhibit the contents of
the same, and it consists as applied for example to the construction of a box in
connecting together the lid and the front (which are separately hinged to the body
of the box) by means of two levers or links attached the one to the lid and the
other to the front, and jointed at their mecting point to one end of a lever arm, the
opposite end of which is mounted upon a fixed centre or fulcrum in the side of the
box. In the act of raising or opening the lid the lever or link which it carries
moves the lever arm, which turns upon its centre or fulcrum, thus actuating the
other lever or link which is connected both to it and to the front of the box, whereby
the front is caused to move simultaneously or slightly in arrear of the lid, and the
contents of the box are fully exposed to view.
When the lid is moved in the opposite direction for the purpose of closing the
same the contrary action takes place, the front closing simultaneously or slightly
in advance of the lid through the medium of the links and lever arm before
mentioned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PICKERS USED IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Haworth Parker and Thomas
Walker at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th January
1876.
JOHN HAWORTH PARKER, of Bacup, and THOMAS Walker, of Salford, both in the
County of Lancaster. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PICKERS USED IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
Our Invention relates to the construction of metal pickers, and consists principally
in forming a light picker of steel or other suitable metal, in the front of which we
insert a plug or wad of india-rubber or other similar elastic substance for the point
of the shuttle to strike against.
We prefer to make the picker of a strip of light steel about half an inch wide and
about nine inches long (more or less). The two ends being rivetted together form
the foot of the picker; the central portion is formed into a loop for the attachment
of the picking band, and twisted at right angles. The body is formed by opening
out the intermediate portion into the form of an eye and soldering or otherwise
fixing therein a metallic box open at the front. This box is of a cylindrical or other
convenient form, and in the front of it we press a wad or plug of india-rubber or
other suitable material for the shuttle to strike against, and as this wad or plug can
easily be changed from time to time the picker will last very much longer than those
ordinarily used. The loop at the top has a hole drilled through to run on the
picker spindle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINTS OR CONNECTIONS FOR FLEXIBLE PIPES OR HOSE
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th January 1876. A communication
from abroad by Henry Kessler, of Oberlahnstein, Prussia, in the Empire of
Germany.
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINTS OR CONNECTIONS FOR FLEXIBLE PIPES OR
HOSE." A communication to me from abroad by Henry Kessler, of Oberlahnstein,
Prussia, in the Empire of Germany.
This Invention relates to an improved mode of joining or connecting tubes or
hose composed of hemp, leather, gutta percha, or other flexible material, whereby a
perfectly tight joint is obtained, and the junction is effected in a more rapid manner
and with greater facility than by the ordinary methods.
In carrying out this Invention it is proposed to employ a rigid tube which has a
screw thread cut on its exterior, and terminates at each end in a conical or tapered
form on the outside (by preference serrated), the size of such conical or tapered
extremities being arranged so as to correspond to the internal diameter of the
flexible tubes, the ends of which are intended to be placed thereon. Around this
screw tube there are fitted two hollow screws or nuts (one at each end), which are
provided with tubular extremities of a conical or tapered form on their interior,
intended to surround the exterior of the ends of the flexible tubes, so that by the
act of turning the nuts or the screw the end of the flexible tube will be firmly
gripped between the external cone of the junction tube and the internal cone of the
nut, whereby a perfectly tight junction will be obtained. The internal cones may
be formed separate from the nuts and constitute rings or collars on the flexible tube,
the nut and collar being provided respectively with a corresponding flange and
annular recess so as to admit of their engagement.
The screw tube may be formed in two parts connected together by any well
known or suitable union or socket joint.
The Invention is also applicable for attaching hose to the nozzles of fire engines
and other like purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR COUNTING COINS AS DROPPED INTO A DONATION OR OTHER BOX OR RECEPTACLE
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Mann Lowne and James Josoph
· Hicks at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th March 1876.
ROBERT MANN LOWNE, of East End, Finchley, and JAMES JOSEPH HICKS, of
Hatton Garden, both in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR
APPARATUS FOR COUNTING COINS AS DROPPED INTO A DONATION OR OTHER BOX OR
RECEPTACLE."
The Invention has for its object improvements in means or apparatus for counting
coins as dropped into a donation or other box or receptacle. For this purpose we
employ in connection with the slit or opening through which the coins are passed a
tube or conductor, the lower end of which is closed by a lever operated by a weight
or spring. This lever has also connected thereto a clawker or driver, which takes
into the teeth of a ratchet wheel to give a step-by-step rotary motion thereto as the
coins are dropped into the box. This ratchet wheel is connected with a train of
gearing, which by suitable hands or pointers and dials indicate the number of coins
passed into the box.
The ratchet wheel is prevented from rotating beyond the distance of a single
tooth for each coin by means of a suitable stop or break acting therewith.
IMPROVEMENTS IN.SHUTTLES FOR SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Harwood, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
Sewing Machine Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN.SHUTTLES
FOR SEWING MACHINES."
Sealed the 21st October 1876, and dated the 27th April 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Harwood at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 27th April 1876.
JOHN HARWOOD, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Sewing Machine
Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES FOR SEWING MACHINES."
This Invention relates to improvements in sewing machine shuttles, and the
object is to so construct them as to dispense with the holes and slots through which
the thread has heretofore been passed for the purpose of obtaining (in connection with
other devices) the necessary drag or tension on the thread, and to substitute for the
holes and slots other contrivances, herein-after described, by the use of which the
"threading up" is much simplified and expediated.
"
In what is known as the "Howe shuttle there is a latch or hinged part
through which holes are made for the passage of the thread; there is also a "tension
plate," and one or more holes for the thread are formed through the side of the
shuttle opposite the latch side.
I dispense with the holes formed through the latch, and in lieu of the holes I
recess or cut away a portion of one or both sides of the latch, thereby forming an
elongated receptacle for the thread, within which recess the thread is free to work,
whereby the ordinary slots, as heretofore used, are rendered unnecessary.
I also cut away or notch both edges or sides of the shuttle at a point near to the
tension plate, so as to facilitate passing the thread thereunder; and on the side of
the shuttle where the last hole to be threaded is formed, I cut a notch in lieu of the
hole and employ a small blade spring, a portion of which spring covers the entrance
to the notch, so that on the thread being slipped under the spring and into the notch
the spring will prevent the thread getting out of its place. This latter improvement
is applicable to shuttles of sewing machines generally.

page_text: Firstly. The use of the latch A when cut or recessed in the manner and for the
purpose herein described and illustrated.
Secondly. The use of the spring E in combination with the semicircular slot D,
as and for the purposes herein described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Harwood, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twenty-third day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
Witness,
GEO. H. HOLT,
Civil Engineer,
Blackburn.
JOHN HARWOOD. (L.S.)
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SOLITAIRES
Year: 1876

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hippolyte Collot at the Office of the
Cominissioners of Patents on the 18th March 1876.
HIPPOLYTE COLLOT, of 55, Lambs Conduit Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Jeweller. "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SOLITAIRES."
The object of these improvements is simplicity of construction and in their
durability.
This Invention consists of two discs and shank held together in proper position
by means herein-after described, this solitaire is to be opened by pressing the top
of the spring.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood I will proceed
to describe the same, reference being had to the annexed Drawing.
Fig. 1 shews this Invention with the upper or outer disc removed, shewing shape
of spring; Fig. 2 is a side view; Fig. 3 the removeable portion of the shank.
The fastening of the solitaire is performed by inserting the removeable portion
of the shank shewn at Figure 3 into the other tubular portion of the shank b, which
is fixed on the back of the under or inner disc c, and pressing them together until
the button head d in the former part of shank is caught and held fast by the
spring a catching under the button head d.
When it is desired to unfasten or seperate the solitaire, it is only necessary to
press the end of the spring a which projects beyond the disc, as shewn in
Figures 1 and 2, this enables the removeable portion of the shank Fig. 3 to be with-
drawn.