IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF UNINFLAMMABLE PULP FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, BARON LOUIS MOSER DULFUS, Gentleman, of London, 265 Gresham House
Old Broad Street, in the County of Middlesex, England do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF UNINFLAMMABLE
PULP FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES to be as
follows:-
All the efforts made up to the present time to produce a pulp and to manufacture
from this pulp papers and other objects really uninflammable and incombustible have
not proved entirely satisfactory, and the object of this invention is to produce such
a material which is not only in itself uninflammable and incombustible but which
when applied to the manufacture of paper and other objects will render such paper
or object uninflammable and capable of resisting the fiercest fire and which will
also have the important property of constituting an insulating material for electric
wires perfectly and completely unattackable by acids or corrosives.
The principal constituents of this uninflammable material are :-
1st Asbestos, which is broken, pulverized and bleached in any convenient
manner.
2nd Fossil powder, a substance containing silica, fossil wood, chalk and iron in
various proportions and which is bleached in the presence of chlorine or by means
of the ordinary processes. This powder is pulverized with an equal part of neutral
silicate of soda of 40 degrees Baumè. In some cases this material may be replaced
by the sulphate of alumina or any other uninflammable material.
3rd A pulp obtain from waste silk silk rags or other materials having similar
qualities of cohesion and resistance such as Baobab bark.
The proportions in which these materials are used vary according to the nature
of the paper or other object to be produced thus for a fine writing paper the
following proportions may be used viz:-Asbestos 80 to 90 per cent, Fossil powder
5 to 10 per cent, silicate of soda 5 to 10 per cent silk pulp 1 to 5 per cent, to whịch
DidI

page_text: must be added 1 per cent of size, composed of water 130 parts, Kaolin 100 parts,
Neutral Silicate of soda at 32 degrees Baume 9 parts.
If the sizing is to take place after the sheet is formed the proportions of water
and Kaolin are somewhat reduced and 12 parts of resinous soap are added. In
some cases ordinary bone glue size may be used or the sizing may be effected in the
same manner as with parchment papers.
When it is desired to mould ornaments and other objects direct in the pulp it is
preferred to add to the pulp prepared from the materials above described from 1 to
5 per cent of Cerosine.
In apply the pulp as an insulator the electric wires will be coated in any
convenient manner to a thickness varying from 1 to 5 millimetres and if the wires
are used for submarine purposes may be covered with some suitable imputrescible
material.

page_text: I BARON LOUIS MOSER DULFUS, Gentleman, of London, 265 Gresham House,
Old Broad Street in the County of Middlesex, England do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF UNINFLAMMABLE
PULP FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
All attempts made up to the present time to produce a pulp and to manufacture
from this pulp, papers and other objects really uninflammable and incombustible
have not proved entirely satisfactory and the object of this invention is to produce
such a material which is not only in itself uninflammable and incombustible but
which when applied to the manufacture of paper and other objects will render such
paper or object uninflammable and capable of resisting the fiercest fire and which
will also have the important property of constituting an insulating material for
electrical conductors of all kinds perfectly and completely unattackable by acids or
corrosives.
This uninflammable material in the form of a paste can be used according to the .
proportion of its constituent parts for the manufacture of all kinds of paper of all
colors such as writing paper, paper for share certificates, bank notes, newspapers
Bristol board and card of all thicknesses as well as for the manufacture of
ornaments of all kinds whether for decoration or otherwise and for many other
purposes.
The principal constituents of this uninflammable material are :-
1st Asbestos fibre which is crushed, pulverised and bleached in any convenient
manner.
°
2nd Fossil powder, a substance containing about 80% of silica, 10% of fossil
wood, 5°, lime and 5% iron and which is bleached in the presence of chlorine
or by means of the ordinary processes. This material is crushed and pulverized
with an equal quantity of neutral silicate of soda of 40 degrees Baume. This light
material has the property besides its uninflammability of rendering the paper soft
to the touch and of affording a good hold for the size as each particle is hollow, a
circumstance of considerable advantage for writing paper. In some cases this
material may be replaced by the sulphate of alumina or any other uninflammable
material.
3rd A pulp obtained from animal fibre such as waste silk, silk rags or other
materials having similar qualities as regards cohesion and felting properties com-
bined with great fineness of fibre and such as will not flare up when ignited.
A pulp formed from Baobab bark and which has similar properties of cohesion and
resistance may be substituted for the silk and other pulp.
The proportions in which these materials are used vary according to the nature
of the paper or other object to be produced thus for a fine writing paper the
following proportions may be used viz: Asbestos 80 to 90 per cent, Fossil powder
5 to 10 per cent, Neutral Silicate of Soda at 40 degrees Baumé, 5 to 10 per cent,
animal fibre (silk) pulp 1 to 5 per cent, to which must be added (if the sizing is to
take place in the pulp) 1 per cent of size composed of water 130 parts, Kaolin
100 parts, Neutral Silicate of Soda at 32 degrees Baumé 9 parts. These propor-
tions will vary according to the nature of the paper to be made.
If the sizing is to take place after the sheet is formed the proportions of water
and Kaolin will be reduced to 65 parts and 47 parts respectively and 12 parts of

page_text: resinous soap will be added. In some cases ordinary bone glue size or other
materials having the same physical and chemical properties may be used in place
of the size above mentioned. The sizing may also be effected in the same manner
or according to any of the processes employed for parchment papers.
When it is desired to mould ornaments and other objects direct from the pulp or
to coat electrical conductors the proportions of the materials employed are slightly
changed; and to the pulp thus prepared is added a small proportion of Cerosine.
The proportions used in this case will be Asbestos 70 to 80% Fossil powder
10 to 15% Neutral Silicate of Soda at 35° Baume 5 to 10% Silk pulp 1 to 3%
and Cerosiuse 1 to 5% These proportions may however be further varied
according to circumstances.
In applying the pulp as an insulating material the electric wires will be coated
in any convenient manner to a thickness varying from 1 to 5 millimetres according
to the tension of the electricity to be transmitted If the wires are used for
submarine purposes this coating may be further covered with some suitable
imputrescible material.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st In the preparation of uninflammable pulp for the manufacture of paper and
for other purposes the combination of mineral fibres with a pulp made from animal
fibres as set forth.
2nd In the manufacture of uninflammable paper a pulp consisting in varying
proportions of asbestos, fossil powder, neutral silicate of soda a pulp obtained from
animal fibre such as silk and other materials having similar properties with which
is mixed any suitable and well known size as described.
3rd In the manufacture of uninflammable paper the combination of a pulp
composed in varying proportions of asbestos, fossil powder, animal fibres with a
size composed of water, kaolin, neutral silicate of soda in varying proportions with
or without a small proportion of resinous soap as herein described.
4th As an uninflammable and anti-corrosive insulating material or as a material
for moulding ornaments or other objects a pulp composed of asbestos, fossil powder,
neutral silicate of soda, animal fibre and cerosine in varying proportions with
which is mixed a suitable size as herein described.
Dated this 22nd day of November 1884.