Improvements in or Additions to Cooking Ranges.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 18th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 27th Jan., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Additions to Cooking Ranges.
We GEORGE GORDON BRODIE and JAMES DAMREL PRIOR, of The Eagle
Range and Foundry Company, Catherine Street, Aston near Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Ironfounders do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
Our invention consists first in combining with the fire grates of cooking ranges
the hollow regenerative cheeks or hollow linings and parts connected therewi:!
hereinafter described, whereby a very perfect combustion of the coal or fuel used
for heating the cooking range is obtained.
Instead of causing the whole of the flame and products of combustion to pass
from the firegrate directly to the flues as usual, we so arrange the parts that the.
greater portion of the products of combustion are made to pass through the
incandescent coal before entering the flues.
1
In carrying this part of our invention into effect we arrange immediately at the
entrance to each of the flues, a hollow regenerative check or lining made of cast
iron and provided at back with gill plates for increasing its heating surface, the
gills or projections being situated on the inner face of the back of the cheek.
Passing through the hollow cheek or lining from side to side is an inclined slot or
aperture situated at about one half or two thirds the distance from the bottom of
the cheek. The said hollow cheeks extend upwards close to the hot plate of the
range so that the usual openings into the flues above the fire bricks are closed and
the only entrances to the flues from the fire grate are through the slots described in
the hollow cheeks which slots are situated below the normal level of the fuel in the
fire grate. The walls or sides of the inclined slot are perforated with fine holes for
supplying jets of heated air to the said slot to mix with the gaseous products from
the fire passing through the said slot. It is preferred to make the slot or aperture
in the hollow cheek incline upwards from the front at an angle of about forty five.
degrees, thereby preventing cinders from the fire grate blocking the said slot or
opening. Cold air is supplied to the bottom of the hollow cheek from the ash pit
or otherwise and the air by contact with the heated cheeks and its gills attains a
high temperature and is delivered in the form of jets by the small holes in the walls
of the slot in the cheek to the heated gases from the fire on their way to the flues.
By the mixing of the hot air with the gaseous products passing through the slots.
the said gases are ignited thereby ensuring perfect. combustion and a practically
smokeless fire.
We prefer to combine this part of our invention with a fire grate having a
movable bottom grating which is capable of rising and falling between the
regenerative cheeks hereinbefore described; but instead of making the said movable
bottom grating in the ordinary way we provide it with deep bars and narrow out-
lets the sides of the said bars being fitted with gills so as to heat the air before it
enters the fire. The said bottom grating is fitted with a regulator to adjust the
quantity of air admitted through the bottom grating.
Our invention consists further in adapting to the high pressure boilers of cooking
ranges the safety apparatus hereinafter described for ensuring the opening of the
boiler and the escape of steam should the pressure within it rise above that at.
which the boiler can safely bear.
1.
!
The essence of this part of our invention consists in the use of a movable fusible...
ball or sphere in combination with a safety bell for protecting the said fusible ball
or sphere from contact with the water in the boiler thereby preventing the

page_text: "furring" of or the deposit of lime salts upon the said ball or sphere. By the
absence of the "furring" or the deposit of lime salts upon the fusible ball or sphere
the action of the heat upon it is not interfered with.
According to this part of our invention we fit in the shell of the boiler a tubular
socket screwed internally and externally and having a flange at top and a curved
seat at bottom, the said bottom having a central opening. In this socket we insert
a ball or sphere of a fusible metal which will fuse at a temperature considerably
below the bursting point of the boiler. The fusible ball or sphere rests on the
perforated bottom of the seat of the socket. In the upper part of the socket a
hollow or tubular thimble is screwed the said thimble being screwed down until it
bears upon and holds the fusible ball to its seat and forms a water tight joint. The
Loiler is provided with a screwed hole of the size proper for the outer thread of the
socket to take into, the screwed part of the socket projecting a short distance into
the boiler. Upon the projecting part of the socket a metal bell is screwed after the
This bell projects about three to four inches into the boiler
so that when the boiler is filled with water the air is forced up the bell and is com-
pressed until it attains a pressure equal to that of the head of water. The cushion
of air thus formed at the upper part of the bell prevents the water in the boiler
from coming into contact with the fusible ball or sphere which is in this way
protected from the "furring" action of the water or the deposition of lime salts.
manner of a lock nut.
The form of the protecting bell may be varied to permit of the apparatus being
fixed at the front of the boiler or in an inverted position at the top of the boiler or
otherwise fixed.
The action of the safety apparatus is the same as that of an ordinary fusible
plug.
CA1 1902
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.
Improvements in or Additions to Cooking Ranges.
We GEORGE GORDON BRODIE and JAMES DAMREL PRIOR, of The Eagle
Range and Foundry Company, Catherine Street, Aston, near Birmingham in the
County of Warwick Ironfounders do hereby declare the nature of our invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention consists first in combining with the fire grates of cooking ranges
the hollow regenerative cheeks or hollow linings and parts connected therewith
hereinafter described; whereby a very perfect combustion of the coal or. fuel used
for heating the cooking range is obtained.
Instead of causing the whole of the flame and products of combustion to pass
from the fire grate directly to the flues as usual, we so arrange the parts that the
greater portion of the products of combustion are made to pass through the
incandescent coal before entering the flues.
In carrying this part of our invention into effect we arrange immediately at the
entrance to each of the flues, a hollow regenerative cheek or lining made of cast
iron and provided at back with gill plates for increasing its heating surface, the
gills or projections being situated on the inner face of the back of the cheek.
Passing through the hollow cheek or lining from side to side is an inclined slot or
aperture situated at about one half or two thirds the distance from the bottom of
the cheek. The said hollow cheeks extend upwards close to the hot plate of the
range so that the usual openings into the flues above the fire bricks are closed and
the only entrances to the flues from the fire grate are through the slots described in
the hollow cheeks, which slots are situated below the normal level of the fuel in the

page_text: fire grate. The walls or sides of the inclined slot are perforated with fine holes for
supplying jets of heated air to the said slot to mix with the gaseous products from
the fire passing through the said slot. It is preferred to make the slot or aperture
in the hollow cheek incline upwards from the front at an angle of about forty five
degrees, thereby preventing cinders from the fire grate blocking the said slot or
opening. Cold air is supplied to the bottom of the hollow cheek from the
ashpit or otherwise and the air by contact with the heated cheeks and its gills
attains a high temperature and is delivered in the form of jets by the small
holes in the walls of the slot in the cheek to the heated gases from the fire on
their way to the flues. By the mixing of the hot air with the gaseous products
passing through the slots, the said gases are ignited thereby ensuring perfect
combustion and a practically smokeless fire.
We combine this part of our invention with a fire grate having a movable bottom
grating which is capable of rising and falling between the regenerative cheeks
hereinbefore described; but instead of making the said movable bottom grating in
the ordinary way we provide it with deep bars and narrow outlets the sides of the
said bars being fitted with gills so as to heat the air before it enters the fire. The
said bottom grating may be fitted with a regulator to adjust the quantity of air
admitted through the bottom grating.
Our invention consists further in adapting to the high pressure boilers of cooking
ranges the safety apparatus hereinafter described for ensuring the opening of the
boiler and the escape of steam should the pressure within it rise above that at which
the boiler can safely bear.
The essence of this part of our invention consists in the use of a movable fusible
inetal ball or sphere in combination with a safety bell for protecting the said fusible
ball or sphere from contact with the water in the boiler thereby preventing the
"furring" of or the deposit of lime salts upon the said ball or sphere. By the
absence of the "furring" or the deposit of lime salts upon the fusible ball or sphere
the action of the heat upon it is not interfered with and free exit of the steam or
water is allowed.
According to this part of our invention we fit in the shell of the boiler a tubular
socket screwed internally and externally and having a flange at top and a curved
seat at bottom, the said bottom having a central opening. In this socket we insert
a ball or sphere of a fusible metal which will fuse at a temperature considerably
below the bursting point of a boiler. The fusible ball or sphere rests on the
perforated bottom of the seat of the socket. In the upper part of the socket a
hollow or tubular thimble is screwed, the said thimble being screwed down until it
bears upon
and holds the fusible ball to its seat and forms a water tight joint.
The boiler is provided with a screwed hole of the size proper for the outer thread
of the socket to take into, the screwed part of the socket projecting a short
distance into the boiler. Upon the projecting part of the socket a metal bell is
screwed after the manner of a lock nut. This bell projects into the boiler so that
when the boiler is filled with water the air is forced up the bell and is compressed
until it attains a pressure equal to that of the head of water. The cushion of air
thus formed at the upper part of the bell prevents the water in the boiler from
coming into contact with the fusible ball or sphere which is in this way protected
from the "furring" action of the water or the deposition of lime salts.
In place of a fusible, ball or sphere a fusible plug or disc may be employed.
The form of the protecting bell may be varied to permit of the apparatus being
fixed at the front of the boiler or in an inverted position at the bottom of the boiler
or otherwise fixed.
We will now describe with reference to the accompanying drawings the manner
in which our invention is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in front elevation and Figure 2 in plan a fire grate of a
cooking range constructed according to our invention;
Figures 3 and 4 represent vertical sections of the same taken in planes at right
angles to one another;
=

page_text: Figures 5 and 6 represent elevations of opposite sides of the back plate of one of
the hollow regenerative cheeks or linings and
Figure 7 represents in horizontal section a complete regenerative cheek;
Figure 8 represents in vertical section and Figure 9 represents in plan two of the
fire bars of the movable bottom grating drawn to a larger scale.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in the several figures of the
drawings.
"
a is the fire box of the grate; b is the ash pit and c is the movable bottom
grating; d, d are the hollow regenerative cheeks or linings of cast iron at the sides
of the fire box and extending to the hot plate of the range and situated adjacent to
the entrances to the flues e, e passing to the ovens, the movable bottom grating
being capable of rising and falling between the said regenerative cheeks d, d and of
being adjusted at any required height in the fire box. Each of the hollow
regenerative cheeks is made in two parts, namely of a front or cover and a back
part holted together (see Figures 5, 6 and 7) the said back part being provided on
its inner face with the parallel gill plates d², d² for increasing the heating surface
of the cheeks. In each of the said cheeks and passing from side to side is an
inclined slot or aperture opening into the flue e. The said slots f,f have by
preference the inclination represented and are situated below the normal level of
the fuel in the fire box a. The only entrance to the flues e, e from the fire grate is
through the said slots ff in the hollow cheeks (see Figure 3). Each of the four
sides of the inclined slots or apertures f in the cheeks is perforated with fine holes,
some of which are marked g, for supplying jets of heated air to the said slots or
apertures to mix with the gaseous products from the fire passing through them.
Cold air from the ash pit passes by the openings at d³ to the bottom of the
hollow cheeks d. d and the air rising in the said cheeks is heated to a high
temperature by its contact with the heated cheeks and their gills and the said
heated air is delivered in the form of jets by the fine holes at g, g in the walls of the
slots of the cheeks to the heated gases from the fire on their way to the flues e, e.
By the arrangement described and represented the greater portion of the products
of combustion are made to pass through the incandescent fuel before entering the
slots and by the mixing of the bot air from the hollow cheeks with the gaseous
products passing through the said slots, the gases are ignited and perfect combustion
and a practically smokeless fire obtained as will be understood by an examination
of Figure 3, where the course of the air from the ash pit through the hollow
cheeks for heating the same and the jets of hot air passing from the hollow cheeks
into the slots of the said cheeks is indicated by arrows. The course of the products
of combustion from the fire box a through the slots f,f in the cheeks is also
indicated by arrows in the said Figure 3.
The rising and falling bottom grating c is composed of deep bars, taper in cross
section and having narrow outlets at top, the sides of the bars being cast with flat
plates or gills c², c³ (best seen in Figures 8 and 9) so as to heat the air before it
enters the fire. The air heating gills c², c² are arranged to break joint on the bars
as seen in the plan Figure 9; that is, the gills on adjacent bars are not situated
opposite one another but the gills on one bar are arranged midway between pairs of
gills on adjacent bars.
A regulator may be fitted to the bottom grating to adjust the quantity of air
admitted through the said grating. The construction of grate bars represented
may be applied to fixed bottom gratings as well as to rising and falling bottom
gratings.
Figure 10 represents in elevation; Figure 11 in vertical section and Figure 12 in
plan, a safety apparatus for the top of a high pressure boiler of a cooking range,
the parts of the said safety apparatus being constructed and arranged according to
our invention; Figure 13 represents the same view as Figure 11 with the fusible
ball or sphere removed. :
h is the top of the boiler into which is screwed the tubular flanged socket i
screwed externally and internally. The said hollow socket i has a central opening

page_text: and curved seat (see Figure 13) on which seat the fusible metal ball or sphere k is
seated, the said ball or sphere closing the opening in the said seat (see Figure 11).
After the tubular socket i has been screwed into the screwed hole in the boiler h
and the fusible ball or sphere k put in its place, the upper part of the socket is
closed by the hollow thimble which is screwed into the internal screw of the
socket. The hollow in the thimble / forms an axial passage for the escaping steam
from the boiler on the melting of the fusible ball or sphere. The said hollow
thimble is screwed down until it bears upon the fusible ball k so as to hold it to-
its seat and form a water and steam tight joint. Upon the outer screwed part of
the socket i projecting into the boiler a metal bell or tube m is screwed, the said
bell projecting three to four inches into the boiler. When the boiler is filled with
water the air is forced up the bell m and is compressed until it attains a pressure.
equal to the head of water. A cushion of air is thus formed at the upper part of
the bell which cushion of air prevents the water from the boiler coming into.
contact with the fusible metal ball or sphere & which is in this way protected from
the furring action of the water or deposition of lime salts and free exit of the steam.
or water is allowed.
The action of the safety apparatus is the same as that of the ordinary fusible
plug.
Although we have represented the safety apparatus in connection with a fusible.
ball or sphere, yet a fusible plug or disc may be used in place of a fusible ball or
sphere.
Instead of making the bell part of the safety apparatus of a conical tube it may
be made of a cylindrical tube and the bell part and the socket part may be made-
in one piece as illustrated in Figure 14.
In this modified' arrangement the combined bell and socket m, i are screwed into.
the boiler from the outside, the screwed part m² of the bell taking into a screwed
hole in the top of the boiler. The screwed hollow thimble for holding the
fusible ball or sphere to its seat is the same as that in the arrangement already
described.
Figure 15 represents the safety apparatus applied to the front of the boiler,.
the bell or tube m depending in the boiler being bent at right angles to the socket
part i as represented.
Figure 16 represents the safety apparatus applied to the bottom h³ of the boiler..
In this arrangement the parts of the apparatus are inverted and the bell part m
has the bent or undulating figure represented.
The parts of the safety apparatus represented in Figures 14, 15 and 16 are
marked with the same letters of reference as corresponding parts of the safety
apparatus represented in Figures 10, 11, 12 and 13.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we-
claim as our invention ;-
First. The addition to or combination with the sides of the fire grates of cooking
ranges having rising and falling bottom gratings, of the hollow regenerative cheeks
or hollow linings and parts connected therewith hereinbefore described and.
illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings the said
hollow regenerative cheeks or linings being constructed applied and used for the
purpose and substantially as described and illustrated.
Secondly. The addition to the tapering fire bars of the bottom gratings of the fire
grates of cooking ranges of gills for heating the air before it enters the fire the said
gills being arranged on the fire bars substantially as herein before described and.
illustrated in Figures 3, 8 and 9 of the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly. The adaptation to high pressure boilers of cooking ranges of safety
apparatus, the parts of which are constructed and combined and used substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 10 to 16 both inclusive of the
accompanying drawings, by the use of which safety apparatus the fusible metal.

page_text: ball or sphere or plug or disc is protected by a cushion of air from contact with
the water in the boiler for the purposes and substantially as described and
illustrated.
Dated the Fifteenth day of December 1893.
GEORGE GORDON BRODIE.
JAMES DAMREL PRIOR.