IMPROVE- MENTS IN DRESSING FABRICS AND YARNS, AND PREPARING THEM DYEING
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Gaine, of Glendale, Rivercourt Road,
Hammersmith, in the County of Middlesex, for an Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN DRESSING FABRICS AND YARNS, AND PREPARING THEM
DYEING."
FOR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Gaine at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th February 1881.
WILLIAM EDWARD GAINE, of Glendale, Rivercourt Road, Hammersmith, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRESSING FABRICS AND YARNS, AND
PREPARING THEM FOR DYEING."
This Invention has for its object improvements in dressing fabrics and yarns
and preparing them for dyeing.
For these purposes the goods are immersed for some time in a solution of gelatine
of, say, 2 oz. to the gallon of water, more or less, according to the object desired,
and at a temperature about 150 to 170 Fahr. They are next passed between a
pair of pressure rollers to free them from surface moisture and dried.
Next the gelatined goods are subjected to the action of a solution of chromic
acid. I use chromic acid and not a salt of chromium, as it at once renders the
gelatine insoluble independently of exposure to light. The solution is prepared
by dissolving 40 grs. of the acid in a gallon of cold water, and the goods are soaked
in it for about one hour. The remaining chromic acid is washed out of the goods
with cold water, and they are then ready for the dye bath; or if dyeing is not
required they may be dried and calendered.
This treatment renders the goods pliable, soft, and silky, both in appearance and
feeling; if the goods are subjected to a second action of the gelatine and chromic
acid they become still more soft and silky. Goods after being so treated dye more
readily and permanently. Cotton goods are greatly improved; it becomes possible
to fix dyes permanently upon them, which they do not otherwise retain, the cloth
is strengthened, rendered warmer, and the dressing does not wash out.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Edward Gaine in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
8th August 1881.
WILLIAM EDWARD GAINE, of Glendale, Rivercourt Road, Hammersmith, in the
County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRESSING FABRICS AND YARNS AND
PREPARING THEM FOR DYEING."
This Invention has for its object improvements in dressing fabrics and yarns
and preparing them for dyeing.
For these purposes the goods are immersed for some time, say, from 1/2 an hour
to an hour in a solution of gelatine of, say, 2 oz. to the gallon of water, more or
less, according to the object desired; and at a temperature of about 150 to 170 Fahr.
They are next passed between a pair of pressure rollers to free them from surface
moisture and dried; the drying is not however absolutely necessary.
Next the gelatined goods are subjected to the action of a solution of chromic
acid. I use chromic acid and not a salt of chromium, as it at once renders the
gelatine insoluble independently of exposure to light. The solution is prepared
preferably by dissolving 40 grs. of the acid in a gallon of cold water, and the goods
are soaked in it for about one hour. The strength of the acid bath is not very
material. The remaining chromic acid is washed out of the goods with cold water,
and they are then ready for the dye bath; or if dyeing is not required they may
be dried and calendered.
The chromic acid can be very quickly and perfectly washed out, so that the
color of the goods will not be injured, whereas if a chromic salt were used it could
not be washed out so freely, and in addition exposure to light would be required
to render insoluble the gelatine absorbed in the goods.
This treatment renders the goods pliable, soft, and silky, both in appearance and
feeling; if the goods are subjected to a second action of the gelatine and chromic
acid they become still more soft and silky. Goods after being so treated dye more
readily and permanently. Cotton goods are greatly improved; it becomes possible
to fix dyes permanently upon them which they do not otherwise retain; the cloth.
is strengthened, rendered warmer, and the dressing does not wash out.
Goods subjected to the above treatment can also be printed more freely and with
less liability to the dye running..
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I would have it understood that what I claim is,-
Dressing fabrics and yarns and preparing fabrics and yarns for dyeing by first
saturating them with a solution of gelatine and subsequently rendering the gelatine
taken up by the fabrics or yarns insoluble by means of a solution of chromic acid,
substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Gaine, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this sixth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.