Improvements in Incandescent Spirit Lamps.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 19th June, 1899-Accepted, 16th Sept., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Incandescent Spirit Lamps.
I, KARL LEHMANN, of Uhlandstrasse 127, Wilmersdorf, near Berlin, Germany,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Various attempts have heretofore been made to employ spirit as a combustible
material for incandescence lamps, but up to now thoroughly satisfactory results
have not been attained because considerable obstacles have presented themselves
-on the one hand the volatility of this combustible material and on the other
the difficulty of obtaining the blue flame.
The desired result is attained, according to this invention, by the combination
of a set of elements without the employment of an auxiliary flame or pump, and
by means of a simple wick-flame lamp.
The accompanying drawing is a vertical section of an example of a lamp con-
structed according to this invention,
The liquid receptacle a is fixed to a pedestal b, which has in it air-holes c.
An air tube d passes through the receptacle from top to bottom, one end of. it
projecting into the pedestal 6 whilst the other end forms the burner-head p.
The said burner-head is arranged at a comparatively small distance from the
surface of the spirit in the receptacle, which is necessary in order to insure the
upward suction of the fluid combustible by the wick. The wick e is guided
between the tube d and a guiding cylinder f. The burner-casing 9 is of special
construction. In the outer wall of the casing there are air-supply holes h,
through which the air passes into the interior of the casing; here it impinges
against a partition i, which compels the air to flow downwards and then to ascend
between it and the guiding cylinder f, in order then to impinge on the flame of
the wick e.
Over the orifice of the wick e, and therefore at the spot where the wick-flame
originates, the burner casing is provided with a contraction r which concentrates
the flame in such a manner that the stream of air that is conducted upwards by
the tube & impinges directly upon the flame. The object of the openings v is to
separate off a portion of the contracted flame by means of the air that passes
through them so as to insure that the incandescence mantle will be completely
bathed in the flame.
In addition, there are openings s in the top plate of the casing, through which
the air flows upwards between the chimney o and the mantle n, and the flame is
extended by the suction of this current of air.
The flame itself is pressed out to a certain extent and kept extended by a
spreader k, which is fastened to a perforated plate by a rod m.
l
The incan-
descence mantle n and the chimney o are arranged above the wick-flame in the
usual manner.
The operation of the lamp is as follows:-
There is in this case no mixture at all of spirit-vapour and air for the purpose
of producing a blue flame, but the regular liquid flame, or rather wick flame, is
changed, owing to the access to it of a considerable quantity of air at a high
A

page_text: It is advisable in this lamp to employ a chimney which is at first cylindrical
and then becomes slightly conical, in order to give the flame the exact shape of
the incandescence mantle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
:―
$
1. A spirit incandescence lamp comprising an air-supply pipe d which passes
through the entire liquid receptacle and through the pedestal and the upper end
of which forms the burner head and is arranged comparatively close to the sur-
face of the liquid in the receiver a, in combination with a burner casing 9,
which conducts the air to the wick flame in considerable quantity and with high
velocity and which is provided with a contraction r whereby the flame is con-
centrated and directly exposed to the stream of air supplied from below by
means of the pipe d for the purpose of converting the ordinary wick-flame into
the extremely hot blue flame necessary for the production of the incandescence
light.
2. An incandescence spirit lamp constructed, arranged, and operating as here-
inbefore described with reference to and shown in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this day of June
3
F. WISE HOWORTH,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.
re
30.
4.
F. WISE HOWORTH,
..
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.