IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING THE NOXIOUS VAPOURS ARISING FROM VARNISH TUT
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Macauley, of Shoreditch, in the County of
Middlesex, Varnish Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING THE NOXIOUS VAPOURS ARISING FROM VARNISH
TUT
"
OHEED Da
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Macauley at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th August 1857.
I, THOMAS MACAULEY, of Shoreditch, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING THE NOXIOUS VAPOURS ARISING FROM VARNISH MAKING
AND OTHER LIKE MANUFACTURES," to be as follows:-
My said Invention relates to the condensation of the noxious vapours arising
from the pots and other vessels used in varnish and japan making, boiling oil,
and other like manufactures, by means of refrigeratory apparatus, employing
water as the cooling medium.
The application of my said improvements to varnish makers' pots requires a
close-fitting lid, in the centre of which is an aperture coned inwards, through
which passes the usual feathered spatula, and has at bottom a moveable plug
and socket; in the top of the lid is also fitted a trial aperture, having a plug
and socket, and a small basket attached to a trial rod; the lid is likewise pro-
vided with an aperture, to which is connected a wide bent tube having a
socket, by which it can be attached to a worm set in a suitable water vessel,

page_text: and the liquid of the condensed vapour can run from it into a common
receiver.
In some forms of pots the lid is supplied with a pipe of large diameter, with
one end opening into a refrigeratory chamber surrounded with water and
terminating in a short worm at bottom. The refrigeratory apparatus may be
of a variety of forms and materials.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Macauley in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd February 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
MACAULEY, of Shoreditch, in the County of Middlesex, Varnish Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Thomas Macauley, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas
Macauley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Thomas Macauley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING THE NOXIOUS VAPOURS ARISING
FROM VARNISH MAKING AND OTHER LIKE MANUFACTURES,"
"
upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Thomas Macauley, my executors or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Macauley, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My said Invention relates to certain mechanical arrangements for effecting

page_text: the condensation of the noxious vapours arising from the pots and other vessels
used in varnish and japan making, boiling oil, and other like manufactures,
by means of refrigeratory apparatus, employing water as the cooling medium.
And for the better understanding of my said improvements I will now
proceed to give the particulars thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, in which the same letters refer to corresponding parts
Figure 1 is a front sectional elevation of my improvements applied to a
melting or running pot; Figure 2 is a like view of another arrangement as
applied to a boiling pot, and Figure 3 is a like view of another arrangement
of my improvements as applied to a fixed pot.
A, A', A", are various kinds and forms of metal pots employed in varnish
manufacture, and to these, and to these and other like pots or vessels I apply
the apparatus of my Invention, whereby I effect an entirely new application of
the refrigerating principle; the pot may have a cover, like B or B', or require
to be enclosed in a chamber C; from the upper part of such cover, as at
D, D', D", proceeds the metal tube or tubes E, E¹, E", for forming a
connection at their ends F, with the refrigeratory vessels or apparatus
G, G, G", each being enclosed in a barrel, cistern, or other vessel of water
H; the refrigerator G is a continuous coil of metal pipe, but G' and G" have
metal chambers terminating at bottom a, a', with shorter worms, the whole
being surrounded with water. The melting pot, Figure 1, has the cover made
so that it can be bolted to the top flange, and is provided at b with a ground
socket or ring, corresponding with a ground ring or plug on b', which arrange-
ments are repeated for making all or most of the connecting joints, for facility
in fitting and separating them; c, c', is a funnel-shaped or conical aperture
through which to work the spatula d, having on it the sliding plug e, which,
when lowered, fills the aperture c¹; this plug has a centre perforation, bevelled
on the in and the outside to permit the free working of the spatula; f is the
aperture for the guage rod g, supplied at bottom with the tube or cup h, large
enough to close the aperture f when drawn up; and i, a plug fixed on the rod
to fit the socket f while disused; j is the pouring nozzle. The boiling pot,
Figure 2, requires a connecting pipe or tube E' of large diameter; the pot lid
has an aperture 1, closed by a plug. The fixed pot, Figure 3, is enclosed in
a brick chamber C, C, about seven feet square, with a domed top; it is built
so as to stand over the pot A", and furnace flues I, I, the brick floor being
channelled at J, J, to convey off condensed vapour through the drain J'; at

page_text: K is a metal door sliding up inside, with a balance weight k, to permit working
close to the pot; and L is an aperture with a plug and socket for filling
through; the connecting pipe or or tube E" may have at its elbow F a short
telescopic tube F', which being slipped into the neck of G", facilitates the
operation of forming a junction between F and G".
It will thus be observed, that the application of my said improvements to
varnish makers' pots requires in one arrangement of the melting or running
pots a close-fitting lid or cover B, in the centre of which is an aperture coned
inwards, through which passes the usual feathered spatula or stirrer, and the
cone is provided at bottom with a plug moveable upwards out of its socket;
in the top of the lid is also fitted a trial or guage aperture d, having a socket
and a perforated plug, through which passes, and to which is fixed, the guage
rod, terminating in a small basket or short cupped tube; the lid and head are
likewise furnished with inner channels 1, A, to collect or convey off condensed
vapour, and the lid is provided with an aperture b, to which is connected a
wide bent tube supplied with a socket, by which arrangement it can be
attached to a refrigeratory worm, or similar apparatus set in a suitable water
vessel, and the liquid resulting from the condensed vapour in the refrigerator
can run from it into a common receiver.
Having thus fully described the nature of my said Invention, and several
modes of carrying it into practical operation, I would here observe that the
main feature of my said improvements consists in applying a refrigeratory
process for the condensation of the noxious fumes or vapours arising in boiling
varnish, japan, oil, and like materials; and I desire it to be understood that
as my said Invention is capable of considerable modification without affecting
the principle of my said improvements, I do not limit myself to materials, or
to the precise form or situation of the refrigeratory apparatus, and several
parts connected therewith; and I do declare that what I claim as substan-
tially my Invention is, the novel arrangement and application of refrigeratory
apparatus for the purpose of condensing and carrying off the noxious vapours
arising from varnish, japan, and other like manufactures.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Macauley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of February, in the year of our Lord
THOMAS MACAULEY. (L.S.)