IMPROVEMENTS IN PNEUMATIC SIGNAL APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR GIVING ALARMS IN CASE OF FIRE, OR FOR INDI- CATING VARIATIONS OF TEMPERATURE FOR OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Scott, of 551, Oxford Street, in the County of
Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PNEUMATIC SIGNAL
APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR GIVING ALARMS IN CASE OF FIRE, OR FOR INDI-
CATING VARIATIONS OF TEMPERATURE FOR OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES."
Sealed the 26th April 1867, and dated the 31st October 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Scott at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st October
. 1866.
I, JOHN SCOTT, of 551, Oxford Street, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PHEU-
MATIC SIGNAL APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR GIVING ALARMS IN CASE OF FIRE, OR FOR
INDICATING VARIATIONS OF TEMPERATURE FOR OTHER. USEFUL PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object the adaptation of the expansive property
of atmospheric air or gases' for the purpose of actuating signal apparatus in
order to give an alarm in case of fire, or for indicating variations of tem-
perature either in the apartment where the signal or indicating apparatus is
placed, or at more distant parts of a building or other place. For this purpose
according to the first part of my improvements, I employ apparatus such or
similar to that described in the Specification of a Patent granted to William
Tayler and William Dakin Grimshaw, dated December 29th, 1858, No. 2975,
but in place of employing a portable chamber or reservoir for the expansion and

page_text: contraction of the air to actuate the signal apparatus combined therewith as
therein described, I arrange the expanding diaphragm or air chamber in com-
bination with a tube or tubes which may be fixed to and be carried along the
walls, ceiling, or other parts of the chamber or apartment where the signal
apparatus is situated, or such tubes may communicate with the adjoining or
other apartments of the building if desired, so that when the temperature of
any part is raised or lowered beyond a given point, the expansion or contraction
of the air contained in the tube will cause the flexible diaphragm to release a
catch or other contrivance, so as to actuate a bell or other signal, or indicate
upon a dial the change of temperature which has taken place.
The second part of my improvements relates to the application of apparatus
of this character to the walls, ceilings, cornices, columns, beadings, mantel-
pieces, or other architectual features and parts of a room or building, by
forming the same hollow, suitable for containing air, and applying an expanding
diaphragm, piston, or other similar contrivance thereto combined with suitable
signal or indicating apparatus for the purpose of giving alarms, or for indi-
cating any change of temperature. The expansion tubes and chambers may
be connected with the signal apparatus (situated at a distance therefrom)
by means of a connecting wire or cord combined with a detaching lever or
instrument for releasing a weight or spring to ring a bell or otherwise, for the
purpose of giving an alarm. This part of my improvements is also applicable
to articles of furniture, fixtures, picture or other frames, ornamental statues
formed hollow, or with tubes for containing air, and having an expanding
diaphragm, piston, or other contrivance which by the expansion or contraction
of the air contained in such tubes or hollow compartments actuate signal or
other indicating apparatus arranged in combination therewith for the purpose
of indicating any change of temperature that may take place in the room or
apartment where such articles and apparatus are, situated.
The third part-of my improvements, consists. in actuating the signal appa-
ratus by means of a piston arranged in a cylinder connected with the air tube
or chamber in place of employing ca.: flexible; diaphragm, as described in the
Specification of the Patent before referred to; also..the expansion and: con-
traction of mercury contained in a suitable. chamber; may be employed for, this
purpose according to this part of my improvements, if desired.
1.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Scott in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th April
1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
5 SCOTT, of 551, Oxford Street, in the County of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said John Scott, Her special licence that I, the said John Scott, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Scott, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise;
5 and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PNEUMATIC SIGNAL APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR GIVING ALARMS IN CASE OF FIRE,
OR FOR INDICATING VARIATIONS OF TEMPERATURE FOR OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that the said John Scott, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their 'hands. and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters: Patent...
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the. said John Scott, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say:-
1...
This Invention has for it's object the adaptation of the expansive property of
atmospheric air or gases for the purpose of actuating signal apparatus in order
to give an alarm in case of fire, or for indicating variations of temperature
either in the apartment where the signal or indicating apparatus is placed, or
at more distant parts of a building or other place. For this purpose according
to the first part of my improvements I employ apparatus such as or similar to
that described in the Specification of a Patent granted to. William Taylor and
William Dakin Grimshaw, dated December 29th, 1858, No. 2975; but in
place of employing a portable chamber or reservoir for the expansion and con-

page_text: "traction of the air to actuate the signal apparatus combined therewith as
therein described, I arrange the expanding diaphragm or air chamber in
combination with a tube or tubes which may be fixed to and be carried along
the walls, ceiling, or other parts of the chamber or apartment where the signal
apparatus is situated, or such tubes may communicate with the adjoining or
other apartments of the building if desired, so that when the temperature of
any part is raised or lowered beyond a given point, the expansion or contraction
of the air contained in the tube will cause the flexible or elastic diaphragm to
release a catch or other contrivance so as to actuate a bell or other signal, or
indicate upon a dial the change of temperature which has taken place. By
thus arranging and applying pneumatic signal apparatus for giving alarms, or
for indicating change of temperature, greater. certainty is afforded that the
apparatus will come into action when required by being placed in more
suitable situations for being acted upon by any variation of temperature, the
signal being also communicated to any desired distance or part of a building
from that where the air chamber is situated and the change of temperature.
takes place.
The second part of my improvements relates to the application of apparatus of
this character to the walls, ceilings, cornices, columns, beadings, mantelpieces,
or other architectural features and parts of a room or building, by forming the
same hollow, suitable for containing air (to form an air chamber), and applying.
an expanding diaphragm, piston, or other similar contrivance thereto combined
with suitable signal or indicating apparatus, for the purpose of giving alarms
or for indicating any change of temperature. The expansion tubes and
chambers may be connected with the signal apparatus (situated at a distance
therefrom), by means of a connecting wire or cord combined with a detaching
lever or instrument for releasing a weight or spring to ring a bell or other-
wise for the purpose of giving an alarm.
This part of my improvements is also applicable to articles of furniture,
fixtures, picture or other frames, ornamental statues, formed hollow or with
tubes for containing air, and having an expanding diaphragm, piston, or other
contrivance, which by the expansion or contraction of the air contained in
such tubes or hollow compartments actuate signal or other indicating apparatus
arranged in combination therewith, for the purpose of indicating any change of
temperature that may take place in the room or apartment where such
articles and apparatus are situated.
.
The third part of my improvements consists in actuating the signal apparatus
by means of a piston arranged in a cylinder connected with the air tube or
chamber, in place of employing a flexible or elastic diaphragm as described in

page_text: the Specification of the Patent before referred to; also the expansion
and contraction of mercury contained in a suitable chamber may be
employed for this purpose, according to this part of my improvements if
desired.
The arrangements of apparatus suitable for carrying the several features
of my Invention previously described into practice may be greatly varied, and
I have not thought it necessary to illustrate the same by Drawings, as any
intelligent workman aided by the previous description will readily arrange
signal apparatus in accordance with the improved modes of applying the
same as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Scott, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
5 Witness,
J. G. TONGUE,
Patent Agent,
34, Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, W.C.
JNO. SCOTT. (L.S.).