IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENTS OF MACHINE PUDDLING, SMELTING,
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Martin Stanley, of Elwy Hall, Rhyl, in
.
the County of Flint, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENTS OF MACHINE PUDDLING, SMELTING,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Martin Stanley
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 15th May 1874.
I, JOHN MARTIN STANLEY, of Elwy Hall, Rhyl, in the County of
Flint, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND. ARRANGEMENTS OF MACHINE
PUDDLING, SMELTING, CALCINING, AND ROASTING FURNACES," to be as follows:-
The objects of these improvements are to supercede the severe manuel
labour or exertions of hand puddling iron and similar manipulations of
other materials, to economise fuel, and to produce a more efficient and
inexpensive furnace capable of receiving and imparting to its contents
such a motion by the aid of suitable machinery as shall effectually

page_text: any
puddle iron when required to do so, or shall stir and mix material
while being smelted, calcined, or roasted, so as to obviate the necessity
of such oppressive toil as is required when done by hand labour.
For effecting these objects I construct an iron vessel or furnace of a
suitable shape and size by preference of a semi-elliptical shape both in
transverse and longitudinal sections. This vessel or furnace is sus-
pended on two hollow centres or trunnions supported by pedestals or
bearings so that the vessel or furnace will poise or swing like the beam
of a pair of scales.
The crown or covering of this vessel or furnace is formed of fire-brick 1
work similar to that of an ordinary reverboratory furnace, except that
in one or more places an opening is formed through which to charge and
discharge such vessel or furnace. Each of these openings is provided
with a moveable covering of similar brickwork which is properly secured
in place when closed. In each of the said hollow centres or trunnions I 1
insert a lining of fire-clay or other fire resisting material. Through one
of these hollow centres. or trunnions I inject pulverised fuel by means of
a jet of steam, as described in the Specifications of several previous
Patents which have been granted to me in connection with other
improvements relating to furnaces, or I may inject such fuel by other 2
known means of doing so; or I may pass through the said hollow centre
or trunnion the requisite heat or gases to generate such heat from any
other suitable fire-place or source. The other or opposite centre or
trunnion I use as an outlet or channel for passing the escaping gases
into a flue provided at the mouth of such centre or trunnion. The 2
cscaping gases may be utilized for generating or superheating steam
or they may be used for heating or melting purposes, as may be
convenient.
The said vessel or furnace may be lined with the usual 'fettling,' or
with other suitable material, which will vary according to the nature 3
of the work to be performed in such vessel or furnace.
any

page_text: The vessel or furnace when in operation for puddling, mixing, smelt-
ing, roasting, or calcining, receives the requisite swinging or oscilating
motion by means of any of the ordinary or known methods of com-
municating such motion, and which may be applied, controlled, or
discontintinued at pleasure..
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters. Patent,
filed by the said John Martin Stanley in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 14th November 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
MARTIN STANLEY, of Elwy Hall, Rhyl, in the County of Flint, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Martin Stanley, Her,
special license that I, the said John Martin Stanley, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Martin Stanley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, usc, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENTS OF
MACHINE PUDDLING, SMELTING, CALCINING, AND ROASTING FURNACES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Martin Stanley, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Martin Stanley, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the.

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The objects of these improvements are to supersede the severe manual
labour required in hand pudding iron and in the similar manipulation
of other materials, to economise fuel, and to produce an efficient and
economical furnace, so arranged and fitted as to receive from suitable
´ machinery and impart to its contents such a motion as shall effectually
puddle iron therein when required, or shall stir or mix any material or
materials during the process of smelting, calcining, or roasting such
materials therein, so as to obviate the necessity of that oppressive toil
which is necessary when such operations are performed by manual
labour.
In order that my present Invention may be more casily and more
fully understood, and be more readily performed, I now proceed to
explain the same with the aid of the accompanying Drawing, which
forms part of this Specification, reference being made thereto by the
numerals and letters marked thereon, and which reference applies to
each Figure of the said Drawing where the same index letters and
numerals appear.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of my improved furnace on the line
A, B, Figure 3. Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same on the
line C, D, Figure 3; and shewing the supports and the hopper for
supplying pulverised fuel. Figure 3 is a horizontal plan of the same.
My improved furnace a is constructed of iron, and is of any suitable
size and shape, by preference semi-elliptical in form, both in longitudinal
and transverse sections. The said furnace a is suspended by two hollow
centres or trunnions 6, 61, which trunnions are supported by the pedestals
、 or bearings C, so that the furnace a will poise or swing similarly to the
beam of a pair of scales.
The crown or covering & of the furnace a is formed of fire brickwork
similar to that of an ordinary reverboratory furnace, except that in one
or more places an opening as at f is formed therein through which to
charge and discharge the furnace a. Each such opening is provided
with a moveable covering of similar brickwork, which is properly secured
in place when closed by any ordinary and efficient means. The hollow
trunnions b, b¹, are lined with fire-clay or other fire resisting material.

page_text: •
Through the trunnion 6 I inject pulverised fuel by means of a jet of
steam, as described in the Specifications of several previous Patents,
which have been granted to me in connection with other improvements
relating to furnaces, or I may inject such fuel by other known means of
doing so, or I may pass through the said hollow trunnion 6 the requisite
heat or gases to generate such heat from any other suitable fire-place or
source. When pulverised fuel is used I provide a hopper e, through or
from which such fuel is supplied to the furnace a. This hopper is fitted
with a valve or other contrivance to regulate the supply of the said fuel"
as required. The opposite trunnion b¹ forms an outlet or channel for
passing the escaping gases into a flue or chimney. The escaping hot
gases may be utilized for generating or superheating steam, or for any
other useful purpose, as may be convenient or economical.
My improved furnac a may be lined with the usual 'fettling," or
with any other suitable material which will vary according to the nature
of the work or operation to be performed in the furnace.
The material or materials to be operated upon may be placed in the
furnace a at any temperature, either in a solid or fluid state, as may be
most convenient or economical, or whether heated or melted in a separate
furnace, or with or by the escaping hot gases passing through the said
trunnion 6¹.
The furnace a, when in operation for puddling, mixing, smelting,
roasting, or calcining, receives the requisite swinging or oscillatory
motion by means of any of the ordinary or known methods of com-
municating such motion, and which may be applied, controlled, or
discontinued at pleasure.
Having thus fully described the nature of my said Invention and the
method of performing the same, I wish it to be understood that I do
not confine myself to the precise dimensions of the several parts, nor to
the shape or form thereof, nor to the form or shape of the furnace now
illustrated, also that I do not claim as new the injecting or use in the
furnace of pulverised fuel per se, nor to any particular method of
generating heat therein, nor to the means employed to impart the
swinging motion to the furnace, but I claim as my Invention, and desire
to secure by the before-mentioned in part recited Letters Patent,—
Firstly. The method of suspending furnaces on hollow trunnions so
that such furnaces may receive a swinging or oscillatory motion.
:

page_text: Secondly. The method of passing pulverised fuel or gases or the
requisite heat into the said furnaces, and in providing for the escape of
the products of combustion or waste heat through one of the said hollow
trunnions.
And, Thirdly. The method of introducing materials into and with-
drawing them from the said furnaces through the crown of such
furnaces, all substantially as and for the purposes herein described and
shewn in the Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Martin Stanley, have liere-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
JOHN MARTIN STANLEY. (L.S.)