IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO ROVING FRAMES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Mayor, of Pawtucket, in the County of
Providence, and State of Rhode Island, United States of America, now
temporarily residing at Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO ROVING
FRAMES."
Sealed the 16th December 1864, and dated the 20th June 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Mayor at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
June 1864.
I, THOMAS MAYOR, of Pawtucket, in the County of Providence, and State
of Rhode Island, United States of America, now temporarily residing at
Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO ROVING FRAMES," to
be as follows:-
I construct the bolster or that part which forms the upper bearing to the
spindles of roving frames, and connect it to the traverse rail which carries the
bobbins longitudinally upon the spindles, so as to place the upper bearing near
the top of the spindle and bobbin, and to reciprocate the said bearing between
the top of the spindle and the delivering point of the flyer, which delivers the
roving to the winding bobbin, or between the top of the spindle and the
traverse rail, for the purpose of giving a firm support and bearing to the top of

page_text: the spindle, and also to admit of its running with uniform steadiness at the
higher rates of speed; and I chamber out the lower part of the tube to allow
the spindle its free bearing at the upper part. I form the collar that carries
and revolves the bobbin with an annular lip at its periphery, which encloses
the lower end of the bobbin to prevent it revolving in contact with the enclosed
portion of the bolster and throwing off the lubricating liquid whilst it is
revolving. I also arrange the centrifugal presser so as to turn on two inclined
bearings situated upon opposite sides of the delivering tube of the flyer, in such
a manner that the weight of the presser and the parts by which it is applied to
the flyer by the action of inclines cause the presser to bear with the requisite
force against the surface of the winding bobbin.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Mayor in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
20th December 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
MAYOR, of Pawtucket, in the County of Providence, and State of Rhode
Island, United States of America, now temporarily residing at Oldham, in the
County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Thomas Mayor, Her special licence that I, the said Thomas Mayor, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas
Mayor, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE
TO ROVING FRAMES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Thomas Mayor, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
'was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Mayor, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-
I construct the bolster (or that part which forms the bearing to the spindles
of roving frames) near the top of the spindles and bobbins, and connect it to
the traverse rail which carries the bobbins longitudinally upon the spindles,
and I cause the said bearing to reciprocate between the top of the spindle
and the delivering point of the flyer, which delivers the roving to the winding
bobbin or between the top of the spindle and the traverse rail, for the purpose
of giving a firm support and bearing to the top of the spindle, and also to
admit of its running with uniform steadiness at the higher rates of speed;
And I chamber out the lower part of the tube to allow the spindle its free
bearing at the upper part. I form the collar that carries and revolves the
bobbin with an annular lip at its periphery, which encloses the lower end of
the bobbin to prevent it revolving in contact with the enclosed portion of the
bolster and throwing off the lubricating liquid whilst it is revolving. I also
arrange the centrifugal presser so as to turn on two inclined bearings situated
upon opposite sides of the delivering tube of the flyer, in such a manner that
the weight of the presser and the parts by which it is applied to the flyers by
the action of inclines cause the presser to bear with the requisite force against
the surface of the winding bobbin.
My said improvements will be clearly understood by referring to the figures
and letters on the. accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is an
elevation of a roving spindle and its appendages, which embody my improve-
ments; Fig. 2 a vertical section of the same; Fig. 3 a vertical section of my
improved spindle bolster detached, and Fig. 4 an elevation of the same;.
Fig. 5 a vertical section, Fig. 6 an elevation, and Fig. 7 a plan of my
improved gear and collar for revolving the bobbin; Fig. 8 a vertical section,
and Fig. 9 an elevation of the bobbin intended to be used with my improve-
ments; Fig. 10 an elevation of a flyer arranged with my improved presser,
and Fig. 11 a plan of the same; and Fig 12 an elevation of the spindle
detached. An end elevation of a roving frame to which my improvements are
applied is shewn in dotted lines.
a represents the roving spindle having one bearing at the bottom in the
step e, which is firmly secured to the stationary rail d, and another bearing
near the top formed by the bolster f. At the top of the spindle is secured the
flyer T to revolve for the purpose of putting the requisite twist into the roving
and wind the same on to the bobbin as it is twisted. The bolster f is con-

page_text: structed as shewn in Figs. 3 and 4; it is cast solid in one piece of metal, and
consists of a tube f surrounding the spindle, the upper interior portion of which
forms a bearing for the collar N and the bobbin S, the tube f having a standard
or front piece formed on one side of its base f¹³, by which it is secured to the
side of the traverse rail G, as shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4. This rail has a
vertical reciprocating movement produced by the rack D, to which the rail G
is connected by the arms 6 and the pinion F, by the revolution of the latter
in opposite directions alternately, and the tube f may extend above the tra-
verse rail G to such a height as will place the upper end of the bolster tube at
the top of the spindle when the traverse rail is at its highest elevation.
Instead, however, of leaving a bearing for the spindle throughout the entire
length of the tube, I make a bearing of some two or three inches in length at
the top of the tube and bore the remaining length as much larger than the
spindle as is necessary to free it from contact therewith whilst it is turning.
The advantage of casting or forming the bolster in one piece instead of two,
consisting of a standard or arm, which is secured to the rail and formed with
a sleeve or socket, in which the second piece, consisting of a tube or bush, is
placed and held by a set screw, is that the structure is primarily much stiffer,
and therefore suffers less from wear than the bolster made in two pieces,
besides being more easily wrought into a desired size and form, thereby being
less expensive. The advantage of securing the front piece 7 of the bolster
to the side of the rail instead of upon the top of the rail, as hitherto adopted,
is for the prevention of breakages and delays when (as often happens) in the
old method the fibre adheres to the whirling spindle, and by the traversing
motion of the bolster gets between the spindle and the bolster, so clogging and
resisting the separate movements as to lift or wrench the foot piece of the
bolster from the top of the rail or break the foot piece from the bolster, either
casualty resulting in a stoppage of the entire machine whilst the injury is
being repaired. Bolsters for this purpose have heretofore been constructed
similar to the base f¹ without the tube above, in which case the upper
bearing is placed in the middle of the spindle, which affords so little support
to the top that the weight and operation of the flyer thereon causes the upper
part to shake and wabble, in consequence of which the spindle cannot be
driven at a high speed, and the bolster and spindle soon wear out, and by an
encreased wabbling cause the roving to break frequently, which is exceedingly
injurious to the manufacture. To remedy this a long stationary tube has
been used, which enclosed about half the length of the spindle in the middle
of the same, and upon which tube the bobbin and the geared collar by which
it is driven is revolved and reciprocated longitudinally. This construction

page_text: does not place the upper bearing nearer the top of the spindle than the distance
traversed by the bobbin, or, in other words, than the length of the bobbin, and
to prevent the binding which necessarily results from the use of so long a
bearing in connection with another bearing (the step) on the same spindle, both
the said bearings are mounted on swivels, which will compensate for any varia-
tion from the true position of either, and thus avoid binding the whole, making
a complicated and expensive construction. It will be seen by reference to the
Drawings that my improved bolster places the upper bearing of the spindle near
its top, and only when the traverse rail is in its lowest position is this bearing
placed as low down as the spindle or the delivering point or end of the flyer,
and that during all other times it is reciprocated between this point and the
extreme top of the spindle, and it is in consequence of this relative position of
the bearing of the spindle that I am enabled to prevent the spindle from
springing and wabbling in its bolster, and thus avoid the excessive wear and
tear resulting therefrom, and also to drive and maintain the spindles at a higher
rate of speed than has heretofore been attained in these machines. The
bobbin S is formed as shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 8, and 9, and encloses the upper
part of the bolster tube f, having a bearing of about half an inch at the top of
the spindle; the lower end of the bobbin resting upon the geared collar N,
see Figs. 1, 2, 5, and 6, which is fitted to turn freely on the lower part of the
tube f, resting on the shoulder v at its base. The collar N is revolved by means
of the gear M, shewn in dotted lines, and the motion thereof is communicated
to the bobbin by means of the dog i, Figs. 5 and 7 on the collar, which enters
one of the notches in the bottom of the bobbin in the usual way. Besides
this the collar N is formed with the annular lip r at its periphery, which
surrounds and encloses the lower end of the bobbin, giving it a central incli-
nation and position on the collar, and preventing its interior surface coming
in contact with the tube f, and by the friction which it would create
interferes with its free operation. This lip r also prevents the oil with
which the collar is lubricated from being thrown off in revolving, and has
other important advantages. The flyer T is formed in the usual way, and
the presser finger u is the continuation of the long rod or wire p, to which it
is bent at right angles, as shewn in Fig. 10; this rod p is arranged parallel
with the delivery tube k of the flyer, having one bearing in the ear a near the
end and upon one side of the same, and another bearing at its upper end in
the ear won the opposite side of the tube k, the end of the rod being carried
at right angles at the top, as shewn in Figs. 10 and 11. And it will be seen
by reference to Fig. 10 that the upper surface of the ear a is inclined, and
that the bend or offset in the rod above rests on the said incline, also that there

page_text: is an inclined slot or opening through which the upper curved end of the rod p
enters the ear.w, the said curved end resting on the lower surface of the
inclined slot, and that in consequence of the swinging of the presser finger:
upon the two bearings in direction from the centre of the bobbin, it, with its
rod P, is lifted by turning upon the inclined surfaces mentioned, so that when
presser finger is left to itself the weight of it and its rod by the action of
the inclined surfaces is swung with a tendency of the finger to press towards
the centre and against the surface of the bobbin with the force. of their com-
bined weight acting on the inclined surface in addition to the centrifugal force
resulting from its rapid revolution.
the
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood
that I claim,
: First, the construction and mode of arranging the bolster with the spindle
and the traverse rail.
Secondly, the annular lip r on the collar that carries the bobbin.
Thirdly, the arrangement of the centrifugal presser with the flyer, whereby
the weight of the presser acting upon an incline is made to press the finger
against the surface of the bobbin, the centrifugal force being thereby increased;
as all such improvements are herein described and illustrated in the accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Mayor, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Thomas Mayor in
the presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
THOMAS MAYOR. (L.B.)