An Improved Process of Hardening to be Employed in relation to Manufactured Iron and Steel.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Sept., 1887
Complete Left, 11th June, 1888
Complete Accepted, 27th July, 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process of Hardening to be Employed in relation to
Manufactured Iron and Steel.
I GEORGE SIDDELL of Roewood, Crabtree, Pitsmoor Sheffield in the County of
York Steel Forge Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to and consists in the application and use of a combined
process in carbonizing iron, or increasing the carbon in soft steel.
In carrying my invention into effect I first take a low carbon or soft steel or iron
of any shape or form either before or after rolling bammering or pressing, I place it
in a suitable air furnace filled with a carbonaceous matter such as charcoal, and I
blow the carbon or carbonized air or blast into the iron or soft steel, and when
sufficiently carbonized I take it out and plunge it into a carbonaceous liquid to cool.
By this process I convert iron into steel or I increase the carbon in soft steel which
will make it suitable for any purpose where hardness is required.
- በዚ
1007
GEORGE SIDDELL.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Process of Hardening to be Employed in relation to
Manufactured Iron and Steel.
I GEORGE SIDDELL of Roewood, Crabtree Pitsmoor, Sheffield in the County of
York Forge Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—
My Invention has for its object to provide a simple and efficient process for
hardening manufactured articles of iron or steel which process is especially applicable
to the treatment of all kinds of cutlery, swords, bayonets and other articles requiring
a hard surface and a soft interior.
According to my Invention articles of iron or of soft or low carbon steel (or
portions of such articles) either before or after being hammered, rolled or pressed, are
placed in a furnace or chamber charged with carbonaceous matter such as charcoal or
its equivalent and a blast of air is forced into or caused to enter the furnace or
chamber or the air carbonized by forcing it through the carbon may be forced into
or caused to enter a furnace or chamber in which the articles to be treated are placed
so as to cause the articles or portions thereof exposed to the action of the carbonized
air to be impregnated with the carbon thereof. When the articles have been
subjected to the action of the carbon or carbonized air for a sufficient length of time,
which will depend upon the degree or extent of hardness required they are removed
from the furnace or chamber and if desired can then be plunged into a bath of oil
and blacklead or graphite. Articles (or the parts of articles) thus treated will be
found to be hard on the exterior whilst their interiors will be soft and pliable.
I do not claim under this present application for a patent the hardening of shells
and other projectiles for guns by subjecting them or part of them to the action of
carbon under an air blast or of carbonized air as this forms the subject of Letters
patent granted to me and dated January 7th 1887 No. 228 but what I claim is-
1st. Treating manufactured articles (or parts thereof) of iron or soft steel (other
than shells and projectiles) by subjecting them to the action of carbon and a blast of
air or to the action of carbonized air substantially as hereinbefore described.
2nd. Treating manufactured articles (or parts thereof) of iron or soft steel (other
than shells or projectiles) by subjecting them to the action of carbon and a blast of
air or to the action of carbonized air and then to the action of a bath of oil and
blacklead or graphite substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this 11th dow of Tune 1000
J. H. JOHNSON & Co.