New or Improved Fastening Device Applicable to, or Improve- ments in, Heads and Lids or Covers of Caustic Soda or other Drums, Packages, Boxes, Jars, Plates, and other Utensils on Ship Board, Powder Canisters, Churns, Ships' Buckets, and other Articles in which a Nearly Cylindrical Part is Required to be Quickly Fastened and Loosed.
Year: 1885

page_text: New or Improved Fastening Device Applicable to, or Improve-
ments in, Heads and Lids or Covers of Caustic Soda or
other Drums, Packages, Boxes, Jars, Plates, and other
Utensils on Ship Board, Powder Canisters, Churns, Ships'
Buckets, and other Articles in which a Nearly Cylindrical
Part is Required to be Quickly Fastened and Loosed.
I, GEORGE HARRISON BOLTON of Widnes in the County of Lancaster Manu-
facturing Chemist do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for NEW OR
IMPROVED FASTENING DEVICE APPLICABLE TO OR IMPROVEMENTS IN-HEADS AND
LIDS, OR COVERS OF CAUSTIC SODA, OR OTHER DRUMS, PACKAGES, BOXES, JARS,
PLATES, AND OTHER UTENSILS ON SHIP BOARD, POWDER CANISTERS, CHURNS, SHIPS
BUCKETS AND OTHER ARTICLES IN WHICH A NEARLY CYLINDRICAL PART IS
REQUIRED TO BE QUICKLY FASTENED AND LOOSED, to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide a fastening or lid for the heads of
drums or other receptacles or packages, or other objects as enumerated in the title,
that will be easily affixed in position and removed and at the same time will be a
complete cover for the aperture into which the cover or other object has been
fitted.
As applied to a caustic drum or other similar object it consists of a lid or cover
with a projection on its under surface of oval or other analogous shape, not circular
with or without a flange to pass under the edge of the drum head to more firmly
secure the lid in position.
In carrying out the invention, I prefer to make the lid or cover of cast iron,
somewhat dish shaped, the projecting part being of oval or other similar shape but
approximately but not quite circular. The aperture in the drum head is made of
shape corresponding or nearly so to the shape of the projecting lower portion of
the lid. The top of the lid or cover may be of circular, oval or other desired shape
of sufficient width in the shortest measurement to exceed the longest dimension of
the aperture. The projecting part of the lid may be of smaller dimensions than
the aperture in the drum head, so as to allow of some play in which to turn round
for a short distance, and where more security is desired a flange may be placed

page_text: wholly or partly round the said projection which on the lid being turned round
will pass under the edge of the metal or other material of the drum head and
prevent the lid from falling off, owing to any accidental knock or fall, or in place
of a flange the projection can be slightly overhung like a dove tail and fit into a
similarly conical hole. The downward projection need not extend over the whole
surface of the underside of the lid, as two or three projecting pieces might be
substituted for one solid projection, these of course binding against the sides of
the aperture, one or more of them may be flanged, or dovetailed, the flange passing
under the edge of the drum head, or the dovetail wedging itself tight in the
complementary conoidal hole.
To secure the cover in position on the drum head the downward projecting part
of it is inserted inside the aperture, and the lid turned partly round. This causes
the part of the projecting portion of greater dimension to bind or wedge itself
against the sides of the aperture in the head where narrower or of less dimensions,
the flange underneath at the same time passing under the edge of the head. The
top of the lid as herein before stated may be either circular or other shape, but it
is preferable of an irregular shape as thereby being the more easy to grip to turn
round for the purpose of fastening. Any suitable tool that will grip it may be
used for the purpose of turning it round.
It is obvious that this invention though only herein described for caustic drum
heads will be available for a vast variety of purposes where a nearly round disc
can be caused to bind itself tight in a nearly round hole. Thus to take the most
widely different from the above described of the purposes set forth in the title
namely securing dishes and other crockery at sea, all that is required is to give the
usual projection at the bottom a slightly dovetail and oval or even nearly cylindrical
form, put it into a hole in the frame or table of complementary shape, but slightly
bigger and turn it round on its axis, till it binds tight, jar lids slightly oval in a
slightly oval jar mouth or groove will bind in the same way. The nearer the
article and its hole approach a true circle consistent with being able to bind, through
the major diameter of the article being alightly greater than the minor diameter of
the hole, the faster and securer will the article or lid fasten itself.
1
701 1
T
1000

page_text: twisting B, B round, the latter binds A in, and its flanges cover the sides of the
hole, as shown in full lines. In place of a flange the projection can be slightly
overhung like a dovetail and fit into a similarly conical hole.
To secure therefore the cover in position on the drum head the downward
projecting part of it is inserted inside the aperture, and the lid turned partly
round. This causes the part of the projecting portion of greater dimension to bind
or wedge itself against the sides of the aperture in the head, where narrower or of
less dimensions, the flange or dovetail underneath at the same time passing under
the edge of the head. The top of the lid as hereinbefore stated may be either
circular or other shape but it is preferable of an irregular shape as shown, as
thereby being the more easy to grip to turn round for the purpose of fastening.
Any suitable tool that will grip it may be used for the purpose of turning it
round.
"It is obvious that this invention though only herein described for caustic drum
heads and a few other articles will be available for a vast variety of purposes
where a nearly round disc can be caused to bind itself tight in a nearly round hole.
Thus to take the most widely different from the above described of the purposes
Bet forth in the title, namely, securing dishes and other crockery at sea, all that is
required is to give the usual projection at the bottom a slightly dovetail and oval
or even nearly cylindrical form, put it into a hole in the frame or table of comple-
mentary shape, but slightly bigger and turn it round on its axis, till it binds tight,
jar lids slightly oval in a slightly oval jar mouth or groove will bind in the same
way. The nearer the article and its hole approach a true circle consistent with
being able to bind, through the major diameter of the article being slightly greater
than the minor diameter of the hole, the faster and securer will the article or lid
fasten itself.
The following is a list of some of the articles to which the invention, may be
applied.
Churn lids.
Table salt cellara
"Statu Quo" chessmen.
Ships' draft-boards and men.
Mixing barrels.
Washing machines.
Caustic, white-lead, paint and other Drums.
Tea, biscuit, coffee, rice and other Grocers' canisters.
Ship dishes, Buckets, etcetera.
Soda ash, bi-carbonate and bleach casks, soft soap.
Ships' water casks, deck use of dippers.
Seed, nail, screw and other boxes.
Fruit, nut and other kega.
Tallow, Railway grease kegs.
Ink-stands, Images and ornaments required to be fixed temporarily and easily
removed.
Grease cups on marine and locomotive engines.
Jars of all descriptions.
All cases where binding screws are used to fix or release spindles.
The lower ends of wax candles and their sockets even when the former are not
twisted on insertion, would be easier fixed made on this plan than the fluted
circular cones of Prices Paraffin candles, placed in their circular holes.
Button and Holders instead of button holes.
Retort lids as Gas-works etcetera.
Whip sockets..
Shop Medallion Signs outside and nightly removed street grids.
Lamp glasses slightly flatted instead of "Galleries."
Boxes for Polishing Pastes and Powders.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1st. The new or improved device for fastening or securing articles, which consists
in a hole of slightly oval shape, in the case head board or frame in which the
article is to be fastened, and a projection or projections on the article, which will
freely enter the hole at its major axis, but will bind tight on being twisted round
in the hole towards its minor axis, substantially as described.
2nd. The various applications of this device, substantially as and for the purposes
herein described.