Improvements in Inner Selvages of Fabrics and in Looms for Weaving the same.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Mar., 1893
(omplete Specification Left, 4th Oct., 1893-Accepted, 4th Nov.. 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Inner Selvages of Fabrics and in Looms for
Weaving the same.
We, GEORGE BROWNING Senior, of 3 Carter Street, Higher Broughton,
Manchester GEORGE BROWNING Junior of 3 Carter Street, Higher Broughton,
Manchester and WILLIAM CHARLES BROWNING of 183 Orford Lane, Warrington,
all Mechanical Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
The first part of our invention relates to the forming of inner selvages, when the
cloth woven upon a loom is to be divided into two or more widths, and consists of a
selvage formed or produced by turning back every alternate weft thread into the
succeeding shed of the warp; the remaining half of the weft threads are afterwards
cut, thus separating the pieces of cloth and forming our alternate weft selvage.
The second part of our invention relates to apparatus for forming or producing
the said alternate weft selvage and consists of a main bar, which carries :-
First: A pair of shed openers and the sliding rod, spring, and bell crank lever
which transmits motion to them.
Second A pair of weft fingers with their cams and the sliding rod, spring, and
bell crank lever which transmits motion to them.
Third A centre scissors, the moving blade of which divides the weft threads and
cuts every alternate weft thread.
Fourth: A pair of right and left han 1 trimming scissors which cut the remaining
half of the weft threads.
:
Fifth A stop-screw to regulate the spring back of the main bar in relation to
the cloth being woven.
Sixth A pair of right and left hand cloth plates to keep down the apex of the
shed in relation to the weft fingers.
The tail end of the main bar slides in a cap fixed to the breast beam of the loom,
this cap carries a stop lever against which the stop-screw strikes.
Supported by the main cross bar of the loom is a cam shaft which rotates one
revolution to two revolutions of the crank shaft of the loom; this cam shaft carries
suitable cams for giving motion by means of rollers and connecting rods to the
shed openers, weft fingers, centre scissors, trimming scissors and stop lever before
mentioned.
The cam shaft also carries a collar from which two adjustable vertical stay rods
descend which support the front end of the main bar. The central position of the
front end of the main bar is obtained by an adjustable stay rod pivoted to a
bracket on the breast beam at one end of the loom.
On the sley cap of the loom is fixed an adjustable bar which striking against the

page_text: vertical stay rods presses the main bar to its required backward position, and a
spring attached to the vertical stay rods returns the main bar to its stop.
Dated this 23rd day of March 1893.
GEORGE BROWNING, SENIOR.
GEORGE BROWNING, JUNIOR.
WILLIAM CHARLES BROWNING.
·
Improvements in Inner Selvages of Fabrics and in Looms for
Weaving the same.
We, GEORGE BROWNING, Senior, of 3 Carter Street, Higher Broughton,
Manchester, GEORGE BROWNING, Junior, of 3 Carter Street, Higher Broughton,
Manchester and WILLIAM CHARLES BROWNING, of 183 Orford Lane, Warrington,
all Mechanical Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The first part of our invention relates to the forming of inner selvages, when the
cloth woven upon a loom is to be divided into two or more widths, and consists of
a selvage formed or produced by cutting and turning back every alternate weft
thread, into the succeeding shed of the warp; the remaining half of the weft
threads are afterwards cut, thus separating the pieces of cloth and forming the
alternate weft selvage.
The second part of our invention relates to apparatus for forming the said
alternate weft selvage.
This invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Fig. 1, is a skeleton elevation of the loom showing the apparatus in position.
Fig. 2, is a skeleton plan of a part of the loom.
Fig. 3, is a plan of the apparatus only.
Fig. 4, is a side elevation.
Fig. 5, is an end view of the link L².
Fig. 6, is a plan of the underside.
Fig. 7, is a front elevation.
Fig. 8,
a back elevation.
Fig. 9, is a side view of divider closed.
Fig. 10, is a side view of divider open.
Fig. 11, is a side elevation of the cams and slides.
Fig. 12, is a front view of the same.
Figs. 13, 14 and 15 are enlarged views of the weft fingers and shed openers in two
positions.
Fig. 16, is an enlarged diagram of cloth with alternate weft selvage woven
according to this invention.
The same letter refers to the same part in all the drawings.
When drawing in the warp yarns a vacant space is left in the healds, and the
reed is cut out about three quarters of an inch wide and in this space the point of
the apparatus is placed.
In Figs. 1 and 2, A. is the crank shaft of the loom, carrying a chain gear A',
which drives by the chain A, the chain gear As, carried by the shaft A*; this
shaft A', revolves in brackets As, and A, which are bolted to the upper cross bar
of the loom A. On the shaft A', is a bevel gear As, which gears into a like bevel
gear A', on the end of the shaft B, which revolves in the bracket B', which is

page_text: bolted to A'; the shaft B, carries at its free end the several cams, which will be
hereafter described.
The apparatus is attached to the breast-beam C, by the bracket D, and is free
to slide in the cap D', the front end of the apparatus is set to touch the cloth by
means of the adjustable stay rods E, one on each side which are jointed to a
collar E', on the shaft B, and the lower ends to the apparatus by the joints E², the
adjustable stay rod F, is jointed to the apparatus at F, and to a bar F, at F, the
bar F, is carried by the breast beam C, and the stay rod F, is so adjusted that
the nose G, shall pass freely through the space cut out of the reed before
mentioned.
The apparatus consists of a main bar H, which carries.
First. A pair of shed openers I, pivoted at I, the short ends are slotted at I³,
and in these slots works the pin 1, projecting from the sliding rod I, which is
returned by its spring 13, after being pressed outwards by the lower arm of the bell
crank lever 1, pivoted at 1' to the main bar H; the upper arm of the bell crank
lever 1, is jointed at 18 to the bar I, which is actuated by the cam 110, on the
shaft B.
Second. A pair of weft fingers J, (constructed open towards the reed to receive
the weft thread) pivoted at J, by shafts J2, the upper ends of which carry the
cam pieces J, these are operated by a pin on the block J, carried by the sliding
rod J, which is returned by its spring J, after being pressed outwards by the
lower arm of the bell crank lever J', pivoted at J, to the main bar H; the upper
arm of the bell crank lever J', is jointed at J, to the bar J10, which is actuated by
the cam J", on the shaft B, the pin J12, keeps the rod Js, from turning.
Third. A centre scissors K, the moving blade K', divides the weft threads and
cuts every alternate weft thread, receiving its motion through the bar K³, from the
cani K, on the shaft B; the scissors are attached to the main bar H, by the
block K, which carries the fixed blade; the moving blade K', has a projecting
curved under surface to carry the alternate or uncut weft thread clear of the weft
fingers J.
Fourth. A pair of right and left hand trimming scissors L, and L', operated by
the link L, the lower arms of which engage into the moving blades L³, of the
scissors and the upper end is jointed at L, to the bar J, the fixed blades L', are
attached by a cross pin L' to the main bar H.
Fifth. A stop screw M, in the main bar H, stops first against the lever M',
pivoted at M², to an extension D2, of the cap D', when the lever M', is operated
by the rod M³, and the cam M', then the stop screw M, stops secondly against the
cap D¹, to which it is drawn by the spiral spring E³, connecting the stay rods E,
to the bracket B'.
Sixth. A pair of right and left hand cloth plates N, and N', adjusted by the
screws N², to keep down the cloth and the lower half of the warp shed so that the
weft finger J, will clear when entering the shed, see O Fig. 14.
On the sley cap of the loom at P, is fixed an adjustable bar which striking
against the vertical stay rods E, presses the main bar H, to its required backward
position.
The action is as follows:-The reed presses up the weft thread which sliding
against the nose G, passes into the scissors K, which are open (as shown by the
dotted line in Fig. 4) and. into the weft fingers at Q, up to Q, the reed has then
beaten up and pressed the apparatus back so as to keep the edge of the cloth on a
line with the front of the cloth plates N, and N', at O, as the reed returns, the
cloth and cloth plates spring back and keep in line together, the centre scissors K,
now cut the weft thread, the ends being left in the weft fingers and when the reed
has returned so as to clear the ends of shed openers, at R, Fig. 13, then the shed
openers are moved to their second position as shown in Figs. 14 and 15, thus lifting
the upper half of the shed clear from the weft fingers as shown at R', Fig. 14.
The weft fingers next move to their second position see Fig. 15, and leave the
ends of the weft as shown at R2, the lever M', then lifts clear of the stop screw M,

page_text: which is brought up to D', this carries the points of the weft fingers farther back
so that they will clear the apex of the shed as they resume their normal position,
which they do now, and the shed openers follow to their normal position.
The cutting and turning of the weft is now complete but when the reed next
beats up the scissors K, are closed and the weft thread passes under the blade K',
and holds the two pieces of cloth together until cut out by the scissors L and L.
On this second beat up of the reed the lever M1, drops into its normal position.
In Fig. 16, S, are the warp threads, T, the weft thread left across, U, the weft
thread cut and turned and V, the alternate weft selvage as finished.
The object of this alternate weft selvage is, first to turn back only half of the
wefts so as to produce a closer picked cloth than is possible when all the wefts are
turned back; second, to leave half the weft threads across to connect the two
pieces of cloth so as to dispense with the use of temples in weaving inner selvages.
It will be understood that the scissors L and L', may be removed and that after
the cloth has left the loom, the connecting weft threads may be singed, cut out, or
otherwise removed, either before or after bleaching, printing and so forth.
We would here remark that we are acquainted with the Specifications of Letters
Patent granted to William Simpson No. 8056 of 1890, and No. 14,614 of 1891, and
we wish it to be understood that we do not claim anything which is described and
claimed therein.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. An inner selvage for fabrics produced by cutting and turning back into the
next shed the cut end of alternate weft threads and then removing the remaining
exposed weft threads either. before or after the fabric is removed from the loom
substantially as described and shown.
2. In apparatus for weaving inner selvages on fabrics the weft fingers J con-
structed open towards the reed to receive the weft thread as it is beaten up by the
reed pivoted at the end nearest thereto at a point between the apex of the shed
and the healds so as to move or turn towards the reed in combination with cam
pieces (such as J³) by which they are operated substantially as shown aud
described.
3. In apparatus for weaving inner selvages on fabrics the combination with the
weft fingers which lay the cut ends of the weft thread back in the shed of the shed
openers which enter and lift one side of the shed to allow the weft fingers to enter
clear of the warp threads substantially as described.
4. In apparatus for weaving inner selvages on fabrics a centre scissors or shears
in which the moving blade is constructed with a projecting curved under surface to
carry the alternate or uncut weft thread clear of the weft fingers J substantially as
described and shown.
5. In apparatus for weaving inner selvages on woven fabrics the combination
with the weft fingers which lay the weft threads back into the sheds and the central
scissors which sever the threads which are so turned back of the two pairs of
trimming scissors L, L', which cut the remaining threads, operated by the link L'
substantially as described and shown.
6. In apparatus for weaving inner selvages on woven fabrics the combination
with the main bar H which carries the operative parts of the mechanism of the
stop screw M and lever M¹, which retain the apparatus in normal position and
when raised allows it to move back with the reed substantially as described and
shown.
7. In apparatus for weaving inner selvages on fabrics the combination with the
weft fingers which lay the cut weft threads back into the shed of the right and
left hand cloth plates N, N', adjusted by screws N2, to hold down the cloth and the
lower half of the warp shed clear of the weft fingers J substantially as described
and shown.

page_text: 8. The apparatus for weaving inner selvages on fabrics with the several parts
constructed and arranged in combination substantially as and for the purposes
described and shown.
Dated this 3rd day of October 1893.
GEORGE BROWNING, SENIOR.
GEORGE BROWNING, JUNIOR.
WILLIAM CHARLES BROWNING.