CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING COTTON, WOOLLEN, PAPER, AND OTHER FABRICS AND MATERIALS
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
BURCH, of Bankside, Black friars, in the County of Surrey, Calico Printer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fifteenth day of January, in the second year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Joseph Burch, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and
authority, that I, the said Joseph Burch, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Joseph Burch, my executors, adminis-
trators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING COTTON, WOOLLEN, PAPER, AND OTHER FABRICS AND
MATERIALS; "in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the
said Joseph Burch, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited
Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will
more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Burch, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
[Price 8d.]

page_text: the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say) :-
:-
My Invention consists in a mode of printing and grounding by blocks a
number of colors at one and the same time; and by my Invention I am
enabled to print any required number of colors or shades of colors. It also
consists in the mode of printing on damped calico or other suitable fabrics,
and the means of drying, which produces an effect not before shewn, and
which will be fully explained hereafter by the descriptions and Drawings. It
also consists in printing and grounding a number of pieces with separate
patterns in one machine at the same time.
Another of my improvements is the peculiar mode of supplying the tiering
brushes with the requisite colors.
Another of my improvements is the mode of cleansing the backing or oil-
skin, which receives the waste color from the blocks.
Another of my improvements is the mode of drying and collecting the cloth
after it is printed.
Another of my improvements consists in the mode of applying a long
moveable table or tables which traverses through the machine, whereby I
am enabled to replace the piece to be grounded again if required after the
first colors are dried; and also grounding fine shades on blotch grounds,
which is essential where the first colors have been worked thin, as the fine
shades are liable to mix on a large body of color while it is wet.
Another improvement is the mode of causing the perpendicular descent
of the printing and dipping beams and spring pressers, and the perpendicular
descent of mauls by mechanical arrangement, as shewn in the Drawings.
Another improvement is separating the table from the printed piece before
the time the piece is moved on, to prevent the color slurring the back side
of the piece, and to allow the oilskin to move simultaneously to the cleansing
apparatus.
Another improvement is the mode of heating the printing table either by
steam, hot air; or any other means.
Another of my improvements consists in tinting natural flowers on the
surface ofthe printing block, and printing by means of my traversing frame on
various materials. By this method, with a double frame to work two blocks,
I am enabled to print a dozen or more shades of colors to a pattern, giving
flowers and landscapes their natural hues, and producing effects superior by
far to the old method of rainbowing.

page_text: MARKS OF REFERENCE.
In the following descriptions and Drawings annexed, it will be observed
that the different motions, &c. are classed by letters, and the different parts
composing the motions, &c. are described by means of figures; as, for in-
stance, letter e the tiering brush and arrangements, the different parts of
which are described as e¹, e², e³, &c.; and where it is necessary to mention or
shew several of the same letter (say three tiering brushes e2) it is described
thus: e. The reference to each part described where it may be seen to most
advantage in the Drawings is made thus: Sheet 2, Figure 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS ON SHEETS 1, 2, AND 3.
Letter a describes the traversing frame and arrangements. The traversing
frame a¹, Sheet 2, Figure 3, which may be made of wood, iron, or other
suitable material, and is divided into compartments according to the number
of blocks required. The spring guides a², Sheet 1, Figure 4, which are slight
springs attached to the inner sides of each compartment of the traversing frame
for the purpose of steadying the block frames in their descent. The block
frames a³, Sheet 1, Figure 5, which are frames of wood or other suitable
material, and fit loosely in the compartments of the traversing frame, and are
for the purpose of carrying the printing blocks. The block rest a4, Sheet 1,
Figure 5, is a piece of iron fixed horizontally to the inner sides of the block
frames, with notches to receive the arms of the block plate. The block springs
a5, Sheet 1, Figure 5, fixed to the sides of each compartment of the tra-
versing frame, and by which the block frames are suspended in their places.
Antifriction rollers a", Sheet 1, Figure 1, fixed to the traversing frame, on
which it moves along the guide rails. The guide rails a7, Sheet 1, Figure 1,
of iron, fixed to the framework on which the traversing frame moves.
Letter describes the printing block and arrangements. The printing
block 61, Sheet 1, Figure 4, which is made in the usual manner, with nuts
inserted in the back to receive the screws of the block plate, and also holes for
the steady pins. The block plate 62, Sheet 1, Figure 5, of iron, flat at bottom,
which is fastened to the back of the printing block by screws and washers, and
is furnished with adjusting screws to regulate the registering the pattern, which
screws work through a collar in the top side of the plate. It has likewise four
arms extending beyond the sides of the printing block, which fit into the notches
described in the block rest; it is likewise provided with four cups to receive
the adjusting screws of the presser plates, and with a hole in the centre of the
cup for the steady pin. There are likewise three spaces to receive the maul
blocks. The presser plate 63, Sheet 1, Figure 5, which is a flat block of

page_text: wood or other suitable material, with a screw in each corner to fall in the
cups of the block plate, for the purpose of adjusting the pressure on the
printing block. The maul blocks 64, Sheet 1, Figure 4, which are turned
pieces of wood placed on the back of the block plate for the purpose of
receiving the blow from the mauls; the force of the blow may be increased or
diminished at pleasure by using maul blocks of different heights.
Letter c describes the mauls and motion. The mauls c¹, Sheet 2, Figure 1,
which are rods of iron or other suitable material placed perpendicularly with
a turned piece of wood or iron on the bottom ends, which strike on the maul
blocks, and are for the purpose of assisting the impression on the cloth.
These rods have a projecting piece or catch for the purpose of being held in
their proper position by the detents, when raised by the printing presser frame.
And there is a pin through the rod by which the guide bars (m) raises them
from the maul blocks. The lower end of the bar is square to prevent turn-
ing. The upper part of the rod has a collar woking in a worm, and a spiral
spring pressing against the under part of the maul spring frame (c2), which
assists in knocking the block. The maul spring frame c², Sheet 2, Figure 1',
is formed by three iron bars, placed across the machine, with square holes
through which the maul rods work, connected together and supported by two
others fixed on the framework of the machine, and is for the purpose of
keeping the mauls in a perpendicular position.. When the mauls are raised
the spiral springs act against the frame. The detent frame c³, Sheet 3,
Figure 1, is formed by shafts resting by turned bearings on the connecting
framework of the machine, each shaft having pieces of iron screwed trans-
versely from the upper side, which fit into the catches in the maul rods and
prevent them going down gradually with the printing presser frame; and on
the under side of the centre shaft is a small lever, which on being pressed by
the motion pin (m7) when the printing pressers are down, releases the detents
from the catches of the maul rods, and allows the mauls to descend with force
on the maul blocks.
Letter d describes the traversing frame motion. The traversing slide d¹,
Sheet 1, Figure 1, is a hollow cylinder with a long bolt traversing through it
placed at each side of the machine, connected by a stout bar of iron, which is
fixed across one end of the traversing frame with screw bolts. By means
of the traversing slides the connecting rods give motion to the traversing
frame, and also allow it to remain stationary by sliding while the printing and
dipping is performed. The connecting rod d², Sheet 1, Figure 1, is a stout
bar of iron fixed to the traversing slide by a joint at one end, and connecting
the traversing slide with the spring lever (d³). The spring lever d³, Sheet 1,

page_text: Figure 1,is a stout steel lever, which by its spring keeps the traversing frame
in its proper position while the blocks are printing. The motion rod ds,
Sheet 1, Figure 1, is a stout rod of iron, by means of which, in connection
with the spring lever (d) and the connecting rod (d2), the motion is given by
the cog wheel (h) to the traversing frame.
Letter e describes the brush frame and arrangements. The brush frame e¹,
Sheet 1, Figure 7, which is a slight frame of wood or iron, or other suitable
material. The brush is fixed into the frame by means of a screw, as shewn
in the Drawing (Sheet 1, Figure 4), and is for the purpose of tiering the
sieve. It is suspended to the lateral motion bar by elongated slings, which
allow it to swing freely, and to make the necessary rise when the brush returns;
there is also a spring to press the brush against the sieves, and pins at each
end to adjust the bevel. The tiering brush e³, Sheet 1, Figure 7, which is
made in the ordinary manner, and adjusted to the brush frame by a thumb
screw. The color trough e³, Sheet 1, Figure 4, made of wood or other
suitable material, for holding the supply of color. By having compartments
to contain different colors (see Sheet 3, Figure 7), it may be made to rainbow
the sieves. The coloring lever e4, Sheet 1, Figure 4, is an angular lever of
wood or other suitable material, fixed by a hinge on the outer edge of the
color trough. The lower or dipping arm resting in the color, the motion is
obtained by the adjusting screw (e) coming in contact with the top arm of
the lever, which being forced back raises the dipping arm.
This dipping
arm has a transverse piece fixed on the end, which is furnished with tufts of
hair, pieces of whalebone, or other suitable material, to carry the color up
into the tiering brush. A small spring is placed to return the lever to its
proper position. The adjusting screw e5, Sheet 1, Figure 5, fixed in the end
of the traversing frame for the purpose of raising the coloring lever, and also
adjusts the bevel of the tiering brush by means of small stop-pins. The
lateral motion bar e, Sheet 1, Figure 7, which is a stout iron bar with an
antifriction roller for cam guides (e) at each end, and working through
brackets fixed in the end of the traversing frame, with turned bearings for
the slings of the brush frame to work in. The cam guides e', Sheet 2,
Figure 3, are bars of iron fixed to the framework of the machine, for the
purpose of giving a lateral motion to the brush, and may be removed for
working rainbows if required.
Letter describes the printing table and arrangements. The printing
table frame f¹, Sheet 3, Figure 5, placed in the centre of the machine under
the printing presser beam, may be made of wood, iron, or other suitable
material; and on this frame is laid the printing table; it has four strong arms

page_text: extending to the connecting bolts (f), by which it is suspended. The
rollers (n,) which carry the oilskin or backing over the table, are attached
to and fall with it. The connecting bolts fs, Sheet 1, Figure 1, which are
four stout bolts connecting the printing table frame (f) with the cam frame
(f). The cam frame fs, Sheet 1, Figure 1, which is a stout iron frame on
each side of the machine, working on the table cams (*) with antifriction
rollers, and from which the printing table frame (") is suspended by the con-
necting bolts (f). The table cams f, Sheet 1, Figure 1, which are fixed
on the shafts of the wheels (h³) and (h); the eccentric motion of which
cams allows the printing table to descend while the piece and oilskin or
backing are being moved forward by the proper apparatus, and is for the
purpose of preventing slurring the back side, and disarranging the piece..
Drying box f, Sheet 1, Figure 1, placed between the printing table and
delivery drum (¹), may be heated with steam, hot air, or other suitable means
if required, for the quicker drying of the piece.
Letter, wheels for giving and sustaining the various motions of the
machine. Driving pinion h¹, Sheet 1, Figure 1, connected with a shaft, and
may be worked by a fly wheel or rigger and strap as required, working int.
cogwheel (), and which gives motion to the machine. Cog wheel ², Sheet 1,
Figure 1, with boss for motion rod (d) for driving traversing frame. Corre-
sponding fly wheel h³, Sheet 3, Figure 1, connected with motion rod (d') for
driving traversing frame. Cog wheel h*, Sheet 1, Figure 1, in which works
pinion wheel ("). Printing wheel h,Sheet 1, Figure 1, is an iron cog wheel
fixed on the end of printing crank, and is for the purpose of giving motion to
the printing presser frame, and connecting the motions of cog wheels (2)
and (), making two revolutions to their one. Oilskin pinion, Sheet 1,
Figure 1, working into cog wheel (*), is for the purpose of moving the oilskin
or backing when required.
Letter i describes the dipping motion, &c. Dipping cam wheel ¹, Sheet 2,
Figure 1, at each side of the machine, is for the purpose of giving the dipping
motion. Dipping lever ², Sheet 1, Figure 1, working on the cam wheels (¹).
One end of the levers is fixed by a bolt to the framework of the machine, and
connected together by the shaft (3); from the other end is suspended the
dipping presser beam () by means of connecting rods (). Shaft 2,
Sheet 3, Figure 4, passing through the dipping lever, with antifriction roller
(*) at each end, working on dipping cam wheel (21). Antifriction rollers i,
Sheet 2, Figure 1, on shaft (3). The dipping presser beams i³, Sheet 3,
Figure 4, which are connected with dipping levers by connecting rods (2),
and are made to rise and fall perpendicularly by friction rollers at each end of

page_text: the beams working into V-guides (7). The dipping pressers (3) work through
this beam, and by means of the strong spiral springs give the dipping pressure
to the blocks. The dipping connecting rods (6, Sheet 2, Figure 1). The
dipping V-guides 7, Sheet 3, Figure 4, are fixed perpendicularly on the frame-
work of the machine, and are for the purpose of causing the dipping presser
beam to rise and fall perpendicularly. The dipping presser i³, Sheet 3,
Figure 4, which is an upright shaft of wood or iron, on the bottom end of
which is screwed a round plate of wood or iron, flat at bottom, to give the
pressure on the presser plate, and on the top end is likewise screwed a smaller
round plate of wood or iron, secured in its place by a nut to prevent shifting,
which is for the purpose of adjusting the length of the shaft when placed in
the dipping presser beam., The middle and lower part of the shaft is
encircled by a strong spiral spring, the upper part of which presses against
the presser beam, and the lower part is sustained by a collar of brass or
iron. This collar works round a worm of brass or iron, as shewn in the
Drawings (Sheet 3, Figures 8 and 9), and is furnished with a small handle to
turn it, as is for the purpose of raising or lowering the tension of the spring
as may be required.
Letter m describes the printing presser and parts appertaining thereto.
The printing crank m¹, Sheet 3, Figure 1, is a stout crank for the purpose of
giving the printing motion. Printing connecting rods m², Sheet 3, Figure 1,
by which the printing presser frame is connected with the printing crank.
The printing presser frame m³, Sheet 3, Figure 1, is a stout frame of wood or
iron, the upper and lower horizontal beams having antifriction rollers working
into V-guides (m4). The lower beam is double (see Sheet 1, Figure 1) for
the purpose of working two rows of printing pressers. On it are fixed guide
bars (m) of wood or iron, through which work the maul rods, which are
raised by this means, and likewise the motion pin (m³) for acting on the
detent lever. The perpendicular beams connecting the two horizontal beams
have an opening at the upper part (see Sheet 1, Figure 1), to allow the free
working of the printing crank, which passes through them.
The V-guides
m4, Sheet 3, Figure 1, fixed perpendicularly on the framework of the machine
for the purpose of causing the printing presser frame to rise and fall perpen-
dicularly. The printing presser m³, Sheet 3, Figure 1, is the same as the
dipping presser, but with more powerful spiral springs. The guide bars m³,
Sheet 2, Figure 1, fixed transversely on the printing presser beam, with square
holes through which the maul rods work, and are for the purpose of raising
them ina perpendicular position. The motion pin n³, Sheet 3, Figure 1, for

page_text: disengaging the detents from the maul rods, is fixed in the printing presser
beam.
Letter describes four friction roller arms, being one at each end of the
shafts of cog wheels (h2 and 4), producing various motions in their revolutions
by acting on the several levers, &c. Friction roller arm 11, Sheet 1, Figure 1,
is for gum-box motion and delivery motion on the other side of the machine.'
On the same shaft is friction roller arın , for gum-box motion and entering
motion. On the shaft of cog wheel (72) is friction roller arm 12, Sheet 1,
Figure 1, for delivery motion, working a different standard, and on the other
end of the same shaft is another friction roller arm for entering motion.
Letter n describes the oilskin and motion shaft and clutch box n¹, Sheet 1,
Figure 1, for driving the oilskin or backing, the motion for which is obtained
by the clutch lever (n) being acted upon by the cam frame in its descent.
Clutch lever (n2, Sheet 1, Figure 1) is an angular lever for the purpose of
engaging and disengaging the clutch. The motion is given by the end of the
lever being attached to the cam frame. Riggers (n), band (n), and
roller (5), seen on Sheet 2, Figure 1, are for driving the oilskin or backing,
being worked by shaft (n¹). The oilskin no, Sheet 2, Figure 1, or backing, for
the purpose of receiving the waste color from the blocks. It is an endless
web or length of oilskin or backing, of any suitable material, which is placed
between the piece and printing blanket on the table, and being foul is drawn
forward round the several rollers, and being subjected to the action of the wet
and dry cloths, and thereby cleansed, is returned into the machine. The screw
bearings 7, Sheet 1, Figure 1, for adjusting the tension of oilskin or backing.
The rollers ng, Sheet 2, Figure 1, for backing to travel upon.
Letter o describes the cleansing apparatus. The wet cloth o¹, Sheet 2,
Figure 2. This is an endless webb or piece of calico, blanketing, or other suit-
able material, and is for the purpose of damping the oilskin or backing for the
more easy cleansing of the same. The water trough o2, Sheet 2, Figure 2, for
keeping the cloth constantly wet by passing through the water under the roller
inside the trough. The squeezers o³, Sheet 2, Figure 2, with screws at top to
adjust the pressure; this is for the purpose of squeezing the cloth, so that it
shall not be inconveniently wet, and will likewise have the effect of cleansing it
by squeezing the foul water constantly outinto the trough. The water must be
changed as often as is necessary. The drum and rollers o4, Sheet 2, Figure 2,
for adjusting the course of wet cloth; these are for the purpose of bringing
the wet cloth continuously in contact with the foul backing or oilskin. The
cloth will pass under the water in the trough, then through the squeezers, and
from thence round the drum, where lit will come in contact with the foul

page_text: backing, and after wiping it will again return through the water in a con-
tinuous motion. The two riggers and strap of, Sheet 2, Figure 2 and 1, for
giving motion to the squeezers. The dry cloth 0%, Sheet 2, Figure 2, is for
wiping the oilskin after it has been subjected to the cleansing action of the
wet cloth. The drum and rollers o, Sheet 2, Figure 2, for adjusting the
course of dry cloth. The cloth will work round the drum and rollers in a
continuous motion, as with the wet cloth. The friction roller o³, Sheet 2,
Figure 2, with levers, is for adjusting the tension of the dry cloth. The
riggers and band o, Sheet 2, Figures 1 and 2, are for giving motion to the
dry cloth.
Letter p describes the color sieves and arrangements. Color sievespa, Sheet 3,
Figure 3, is made of cloth or other suitable material stretched on a frame,
the under sides of the side rails of the frame being level with the upper side of
the end rails, and the cloth stretched between them, thus allowing a clear
passage for the brush at the ends of the sieve. The gum boxes p², Sheet 3,
Figure 3, made of wood, iron, or other suitable material, to hold the gum
swimmings, covered with oilskin, and having apertures to give the swimmings
vent when the blocks are pressed on the surface, and working upon antifriction
rollers (p3) underneath for shifting; the boxes are connected together by bars
of wood, iron, or other suitable material (p). Shifting levers p³, Sheet 1,
Figure 1, for the gum boxes, working on fulcrum bolts in the framework of
the machine, are for the purpose of shifting the gum boxes and sieves in the
interval between the two dips of the block. One of the ends of the levers is
attached to the gum box, and the motion is given at the proper time by the
friction roller arms (1) and (14) coming in contact with the other end, and
forcing each lever outwards alternately.
Letter describes the drums and arrangements for moving the piece. The
delivering drum ri, Sheet 1, Figure 1, is a large wood drum made on iron
surface wheels, about two feet diameter, studded with pin points to prevent
the piece slipping. On each of the iron surface wheels is a number of bevelled
stops, differing on each wheel, for the purpose of having a different standard
on each, which stops being taken up by the delivery lever moves the piece
forward the required standard. The number of stops and notches, and the
periphery of the delivery wheel, must correspond with the standard of the
printing blocks, and must be very exact to ensure a correct register. The de-
livery lever² Sheet 1. Figurel, working on the spindle of the delivery drum, is
for the purpose of turning on the standard of the pattern, as the piece is printed,
by taking up the stops of the stop wheel. The motion is given at the proper
time by the friction roller arm (11 or 12, according to the standard) acting on

page_text: the levers (3). The regulating lever 75 (Sheet 3, Figure 1), working in the
regulating notches of the delivery drum (r) and the-entering drum (r), and
the motion is obtained in the same manner as the delivery lever. The piece
roll, Sheet 3, Figure 1, is for the purpose of holding the cloth for printing.
It is furnished with a rigger and weight for the purpose of adjusting the
tension of the piece. The rollers and friction bars 7, Sheet 3, Figure 1, are
for regulating the course of the piece. The drying reel 78, Sheet 3, Figure 2,
consists of a large reel or wheel, upon which the pieces are wound after being
printed, for the purpose of thoroughly drying. It is provided with two riggers
(79) and a weight (210), which weight, being wound up by a rope (r), keeps
the cloth on the delivery drum and the rollers in a constant state of tension.
The entering drum 74, Sheet 3, Figure 1, made in the same manner as the
delivery drum, and corresponding to the standard, with notches for regulating
lever, and studded with pin points in the same manner. The entering drum
(94) and the delivery drum (1) are connected by bands (12) working on
riggers, and led under the machine by small antifriction rollers. The
traversing frame a', Sheet 1, Figure 3, is a plan of a traversing frame, with
compartments for seven blocks. In this traversing frame the blocks at one
end are placed to work in the intermediate spaces left by those at the other
end, the advantage being that each block works in a separate place on the
piece and backing, thereby preventing any mixture of the waste colors. For
this frame it is necessary to have a double number of printing presses (m³) and
mauls (c), as shewn in the Drawing. Sheets 1, 2, and 3 refer to the
different parts of the machine described. Sheet 1, Figure 1, is a side
elevation of a six-color machine. Figure 2, side elevation of cleansing
apparatus Figure 3 is a traversing frame with compartments for seven
blocks; Figure 6, section of block endways; Figure 7, end elevation of brush
frame, shewing brush frame, &c. Sheet 2, Figure 1, side section of a six-
colour machine; Figure 2, side section of cleansing apparatus; Figure 3,
plan of six-color machine; Figure 4, plan of drying apparatus. Sheet 3,
Figure 1, front section of a six-color machine; Figure 2, elevation of drying
reel Figure 3, plan of gum box and color sieves; Figure 4, front
elevation of dipping and tiering apparatus; Figure 5, plan of table frame;
Figure 6, front section of gum box and color sieves; Figure 7, front
section of color box and coloring lever; Figure 8, front elevation of
dipping or printing presser; Figure 9, front section of dipping or printing
presser. The method of working the machine is as follows:-The cloth
being well rolled (straight and tight) on the piece roller, and passed
from that through friction bars and rollers to keep it extended, is passed

page_text: round the roller working under the entering drum and over the entering
drum through the machine between the table and the printing blocks, and so
secured that it shall not slip on the delivery drum. The blocks and sieves
being adjusted the machine is set in motion, the traversing frame being at
the front or near end of the machine: see Sheet 1, Figure 1.
The near
printing blocks are immediately dipped twice into the sieves by the near
dipping pressers, in consequence of the revolution of the dipping cams
allowing dipping pressers to descend and again raising them. The traversing
frame, with blocks, is then moved along the guide rail by the connecting rods
till the off-blocks are immediately under the off-dipping pressers, which
motion also brings the near printing blocks ready dipped into the proper
position for printing, being immediately over the piece and under printing
pressers. The connecting rod then begins to slide back on the traversing
slide, leaving the frame stationary. The motions of printing the near and
dipping the off-blocks are then given at the same time, and by the time this is
done the connecting rod has traversed the traversing slides and moves the
traversing frame and blocks back to their former position. The near blocks
are then again dipped; the off-blocks are printed, while the connecting rodsare
again sliding, and they are then moved back again to dip and print in a
continuous alternate motion. During the time the traversing frame is being
moved from the near to the 'off' end, the table cams allow the printing table
to descend, and simultaneously the fricton roller arms take up the delivery
and regulating levers, and move the delivery drum and piece forward the
distance of the standard. The motion of the oilskin or backing also takes
place at the same monent. The clutch being acted on by the descent of
the cam frame, the shalf rigger strap and roller connected with it moves the
fouled part of the backing or oilskin forwards, and presents a clean surface for
the next impression, the clutch being disengaged, when the cam frame again
rises. The wet and dry drums are kept in continuous motion by the con-
nection of the riggers on the squeezers and drum (o) with the respective
straps and riggers on the machine. The piece reel is kept in motion, as
already mentioned, by the suspended weight. The blocks are knocked each
time of being pressed on the piece. The maul being suspended in a way
that the printing presser beam cannot descend without disengaging the detents
from the manl catches.
Sheet 4 contains Drawings of a machine, with a long traversing printing
table and a traversing presser beam, &c., of which Figure 1 is an end
elevation; Figure 2, a front elevation; and Figure 3, a plan. Figures 4
and 5 are an elevation and plan of a hand machine. Letter 2
describes the

page_text: long table and arrangements for working it. The long table q¹ is a table
about twelve yards or any required length, made of wood or any suitable
material, and made to traverse the machine, with the piece fixed on it, by
means of a drum rigger and rope (28) working underneath, or any other
means. On the under part of the table at each side are fixed anti-
friction wheels (12), on shafts which run on iron guide rails (q³), fixed in a
stout framework of wood or iron (24), and this framework and guide rails
must be of sufficient length to allow the table to traverse each way clear
of the machine. To the under part of the table is affixed a stop rail (5), and
the table is stopped or allowed to be moved on by means of a stopping pin or
spring catch (9), worked by a foot lever (q) the required distances for joining
the pattern. The table is, as usual, covered with blanket backing or other
suitable material. This table is particularly applicable to paper printing, as
it will allow the different shades of coloring to be put in at different times.
The edges of the piece of paper or cloth should be confined by pins fixed in
slips of wood (), which turn down by hinge joints from the outer edge of the
table. The handle wheel q10 is for the purpose of working the drum rigger 98.
Letter s describes the traversing presser beam and arrangements. This
is more particularly applicable to printing 6/4, or wider pieces than can con-
veniently be printed across by one impression, in which the presser beam (s¹),
which both dips and prints, is affixed to the traversing frame (a¹) and moves
with it; and the descending motion is given by means of cross beams (82),
worked with racks and mitre pinions (3) by hand levers (54), which will act
the same at any situation of the traversing frame. Figures 4 and 5 are a
plan and elevation of a hand machine, on the principle of the traversing
frame, in which the printing and dipping beams are worked by hand levers
(s) and racks and pinions (s), and the traversing frame moved by handles
(87) affixed thereto, or by racks and pinions (see s6, Figure 1), and shews like-
wise a mode of heating the printing table by steam or other suitable means,
which is likewise applicable to other machines.
Sheet 5 shews the different arrangements for printing three pieces of cloth
with different patterns, as by the novelty of my Invention I am enabled to
print a number of pieces with different patterns in one machine at one and
the same time this I consider a most important improvement. Figure 1 is
a plan. Figure 2, front elevation. Figure 3, side elevation. Figures 4 and 5,
front and end elevations of the detents. The parts of this machine are the
same as that first described, Sheets 1, 2, and 3, differing only in some of the
arrangements. The entering (4) and delivery (¹) drums are placed length-
wise under the gum boxes (p²), and likewise the piece rolls (re), with the

page_text: pieces to be printed. The stop wheels (7) are on the drum spindles outside
the framework of the machine (see Figure 1). The printing-presser beam
(ms) is a single beam, similar to the dipping beams (5) already described,
only much stronger, and the mauls (c) work through it in a line with the
pressers. The spur rigger o, Figure 3, is fixed to the framework of the
machine, and is for the purpose of moving on the oilskin by means of a strap
and rigger o, fixed on the spindle of the oilskin roller (25). The motion is
given by a pin fixed in the table cam in its revolution acting on the spurs of
the rigger and moving it forward a certain distance each time. The front
elevation, Figure 2, shews the position of the printing beam, mauls, &c.
The drying apparatus is the same for this machine as already described,
differing only in the position of the drying reel (7-8), which is placed behind
the machine, receiving the pieces of cloth across the table, as seen in the
Plan (Figure 1).
I will now describe my improvements in tinting, the Drawings and Plans
of which are on Sheet No. 6. The letters and figures that follow in reference,
although they may have occurred before, only refer to this Sheet 6.
a is a
traversing frame intended to print with two blocks. On the sides of each
compartment are projecting pieces to which the springs (a¹) are
are attached; the
springs have a number of holes at each end to receive the block pins.
(a) shews the frame guide rails. (a³) are projecting wedges affixed to the
traversing frame, and stop it at the required places by falling into the spring
2
catch, which is placed in front of the frame guide rails. (6) are traversing
sieve beds, with soft padded even surfaces on which are compartments for
receiving the shape frames (6). (62,) are sieve bed guides. (c) is a printing
table. (c1,) the blanket or backing which passes over it by means of the
I are reversing sieve frames with hinges; and di,
are handles
and shafts which turn the reversing sieve frames face to face on the traversing
sieve beds. (d 2, are the different color sieves, which fit into the compart-
rollers. (å
2
ments of the reversing sieve frames. è are the brush frames. e 1, the brush
bevel levers and lever guides; the levers are for the purpose of adjusting the
bevel of the brush as it is drawn across the color sieves, and work upon the
lever guides. (e 2, are three riggers, rope, and handle, which work the
2 F
are
brushes, and are placed at each end of the reversing sieve stands. (
drum riggers, handles, rollers, and ropes, which work the traversing bed back
along the guides (6 2,) after the printing blocks have been charged with the

page_text: 2
tints, by means of the ropes working round the drum riggers, and over a
rigger at one end of traversing bed stands (6 3); one end of the rope is
fastened to the drum rigger, and the other end to the traversing sieve beds:
see Figure 3. (64, are stopping pins, levers, and treadles, which stop the
traversing sieve beds in the progress of dripping; the pins work into holes
made at the required distances in flat iron plates underneath the traversing
sieve beds. c3, are two riggers and handle for the purpose of moving on
the printed cloth; one is fixed to the end of the front roller and provided with
notches to give the standard. c4, are treadles, levers, and weights, which
work upwards into the notches of the standard rigger. his a catch and spring
which secures the traversing frame (a) in its required positions. g, shape
frames, on which the shapes are fixed for shading the blocks; they are accu-
rately fitted by means of a thin piece of metal (g 1) fixed on each end into
the compartments of the traversing sieve bed. g 1 are thin pieces of metal
fitting on pins placed at the sides of the traversing sieve beds. 5
weight, rigger and rope, which give the action to the traversing sieve bed
when the printing blocks are receiving the color. The adjusting screws (or
color regulators) (e 4) are here placed at proper distances in the brush frames,
instead of the ends of the traversing frame, as first described, striking the
coloring levers of the color troughs; and the brush frames being drawn
against the brush tops (o) on the lever guides are perpendicular; the color
troughs are the same as seen in Drawing (Fig. 4). is the piece roller,
from which the piece may be traced on to the drying reel, and is denoted
by a red line. The shape frames are light frames on which a thin oilskin is
stretched, on which is fixed the shapes; the shapes are distinct shades of
flowers, landscapes, &c.
Sh. 1.
are
Having described the several parts of my tinting machine, I shall now
proceed to explain the manner in which it is worked: The objects to be
printed (say flowers and leaves) are drawn in outline upon the two printing
blocks, a spirited outline is cut upon one block, which, for distinction, I shall
call outline, or (0) block, and on the other a blotch ground, cut to fill up
the outline, except the very highest lights, and this I shall call blotch
ground block (or B G block). I will now explain the mode of getting a
pattern to work-Having placed shape frames in the compartments of the
traversing sieve beds, I then fix the ground block on the springs in the
traversing frame, having previously charged it with some simple color by
the ordinary means, and draw the frame (a) to its exact position, (0) block

page_text: being over the table instead of (B, G,) block, as seen in Figure 1. The
right hand (b) bed is then advanced, until the shape frame 1 is exactly under
the ground block. I then give an impression of the ground block on the
shape frame, and advance the bed until shape frames 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6,
have each received an impression upon them. I then take a correct. sketch
of the pattern and color it as naturally as possible, but keeping the shades
distinct (see Figure 4). Having provided myself with a piece of fine felt or
old beaver, leather, india rubber, or some suitable material, I fix my sketch
upon the felt, &c., and cut the shades or shapes out in distinct pieces. I then
fix the several pieces on the impressions in the shape frames in their proper
positions where the impressions have been given (so that if the oilskin on
the shape frames was transparent, and placed exactly one upon the other and
held up to the light the perfect flowers would be seen). I now treat O (or
outline) block in the same way, bringing forward the left-hand sieve bed and
take my impressions on the shape frames marked 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12,
and shaping the tints in the same way, and fix the shapes on the frames.
Having prepared my color sieves and furnished them with tints suitable to
the shapes on which they will reveres, and pass the tiering brush across
by means of handle and riggers, marked e 2, and back again over the color
trough, I then by raising the handle (d 1,) turn the sieves over on to the
shapes, and by carefully touching them with the sieves once or twice, leave
sufficient color on them to furnish the blocks. The workman then places
his B G block to the right, bringing O block over the table. BG block is
dipped on the shapes, and the B bed is then drawn by means of the weight
rapidly under it, stopping alternately where it previously stopped when I
struck off the first impressions in the shape frames. The operation of dipping
the B G block being completed, I move it over the printing table, and give
an impression by pressing it down upon the piece with my right hand, and
strike with a common maul in my left. My right-hand assistant, by means
of the handle (marked 65), returns back the 6 bed, and at the same time winds
up the weight. Having tiered the sieves he reverses them on the shapes,
and then releases the 6 bed, by pressing the treadle, allows it to move to the
position for BG block to be dipped again, during which time my left-hand
assistant is tiering and furnishing the shapes for O block; the piece having
received the two impressions is moved on, and the same operation is repeated
Figure 5 is the outline block: Figure 6, blotch-ground block. The tints in
being transferred from the shapes to the block and again to the material to
be printed, causes a beautiful mixture of the shades. Figure 4 shows the
face of the B G block. Figure 5, the face of the outline block. Figure 6,

page_text: the pattern in distinct shades. Figure 7 the appearance of O block after
it has been dipped. Figure 8 the appearance of B G block after it has been
dipped upon the shapes. Figure 9 the effects to be produced.
My improvements in printing on damp or wetted pieces I will now explain:
Having observed that where thin coloring matter was spilt on a mixed
material, say worsted and silk, it spread upon the silk and not upon the
worsted, and if the warpis twisted harder than the shute or », v, it spreads one
way but not the other. I tried impressions of various patterns on different
damped materials, and from using great care in drying the pieces uniformly
and immediately after they were printed, an effect can be produced superior
in some respects to the present mode of printing the warp before it is wove.
I therefore use the box heated by steam or hot air, mentioned before in this
Specification, and having printed the damp cloth it immediately is passed
over the surface gradually until it is dry. Great care must be used in
printing and drying the goods an uniform speed, otherwise the work will be
.uneven. The damped pieces are printed off from a roller. By this mode the
drying of mordaunt grounds may be avoided, and effects produced of shading
not before practised; it principally depends upon the uniformity of the
process of printing and drying.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, I would have it under-
stood that I do not cenfine or bind myself to any particular material for con-
structing any of the several parts of the same, or to any size or dimension;
also that I lay no claim to any of the parts separately. But what I claim is,―
Firstly, the mode of printing by means of a series of blocks carried by a
moveable frame, as above described.
Secondly, I claim the mode of applying the printing and dipping beams in
connection with their spring pressers, as above described.
Thirdly, I claim the mode of applying "mauls "with perpendicular descent
in combination with a series of blocks in a traversing frame, as herein
described.
Fourthly, I claim the improved mode of printing colours on to fabrics,
having such fabrics damp in order to obtain a shading off at the edges of the
design, as above described.
Fifthly, I claim the mode of supplying the color to the brushes which tier
the sieves.
Sixthly, I claim the modes of cleansing the backing or oilskin which receives
the waste color from the blocks.
Seventhly, I claim the mode of collecting and drying the fabric after it has
been printed, as above described.

page_text: Eighthly, I claim the mode of applying a traversing table, on which the
fabric is printed.
Ninthly, I claim the mode of separating the table from the printed fabric
before the fabric is moved on, allowing the oilskin to move away simultaneously,
in order to prevent the waste colour slurring the back side of the fabric.
Tenthly, I claim the mode of moving the fabric by combined drums, as
herein described.
Eleventhly, I claim the mode of tinting designs by blocks and shapes, as
described.
And lastly, I claim the mode of printing several pieces of fabric with diffe-
rent patterns by and in one machine at the same time.
In witness. whereof, I, the said Joseph Burch, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-nine.
JOSEPH (L.S.) BURCH.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Fifteenth day of July, in the
third year of the reign of Her Majesty Queen Victoria, the said Joseph
Burch came before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknow-
ledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained
and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument aforesaid
was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the fifty-fifth year
of the reign of His late Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Fifteenth day of July, One thousand eight hundred and