Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Apr., 1886.
Complete Left, 3rd Jan., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 4th Feb., 1887.
WILLIAM BRADFORD of Carlton Chambers, 12 Regent Street, in the County of
Middlesex, Brewers' Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows
The object of this improved cowl is to stop down draughts and promote an upward
draught.
The cowl may be of any suitable cross section as round or square the channel being
reduced towards the top and closed by a partition which may be flat or coned,-
preferably on both the upper and undersides.
The walls of the reduced portion are open both below and above the partition an
external cover or hood covering these openings at a suitable distance and above this
cover side openings in the walls are provided for the final exit of the smoke or vapours
which the cowl is designed to discharge. A top cover which may be coned down-
wards closes, all in. Directing louvres may also be provided to direct the incoming
current of external air.
The action is that the vapours rising up the interior of the cowl pass outwards
through the open walls below the partition meet the incoming air under the external
cover reenter the channel above the partition and finally escape by the top opening.
Any air blowing in below the cover only increases the draught while any air entering
by the top opening passes out below without entering the channel.
This form of cowl may also be applied to chimneys and for purposes of ventilation.

page_text: Kilns and Brewery and Distillery Utensils.
I WILLIAM BRADFORD of Carlton Chambers 12 Regent Street in the County of
Middlesex Brewers Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
and in what manner the same is to-be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this improved cowl is to stop down draughts and promote an
improved draught.
The cowl may be of any suitable cross section as round or square the channel being
reduced towards the top and closed by a partition which may be flat or coned
preferably on both the upper and undersides.
The walls of the reduced portion are open both below and above the partition, an
external cover or hood covering these openings at a suitable distance, and above this
cover side openings in the walls are provided for the final exit of the smoke or vapours
which the cowl is designed to discharge. A top cover which may be coned down-
wards closes all in. Directing louvres, may also be provided to direct the incoming
current of external air.
The action is that the vapours rising up the interior of the cowl pass outwards
through the open walls below the partition, meet the incoming air under the external
cover, reenter the channel above the partition and finally escape by the top opening.
Any air blowing in below the cover only increases the draught while any air entering
by the top opening passes out below without entering the channel.
This form of cowl may also be applied to chimneys and for purposes of ventilation.
Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section of my
improved cowl. A is the entrance to the cowl the sides of which B are reduced
towards the top and are open at D and F respectively.
Cis the partition for deflecting the gases or vapours passing through the cowl and
may be either flat or coned. To this partition may be secured a screwed rod supported
'in
any convenient manner and operated by a hand wheel by means of which the
partition may be raised or lowered.
The vapours arising from the malt kiln, oast house or other kiln enter the cowl at A
and are deflected outwards by coming in contact with partition C. This partition C
may be fixed or adapted to be moved up or down to regulate the area of the
passages D¹, or it may be hinged or jointed centrally or may be made to collapse,
for the same purpose, any suitable appliances such as rods cords &e being employed to
operate the partition.
The tendency of the smoke or vapour is to escape through the open walls but the
vapours meeting the incoming air at D are driven through the passages D¹ into an
upper chamber E whence it escapes through the openings F. A top cap or cover H

page_text: which may be coned downwards closes all in. Thus any air entering at D only
increases the upward draught while any air entering through F passes out by the
passage D D¹ carrying the vapours with it but without entering the channel A.
My invention is not limited to. the use of a single partition such as C a series
thereof CCC C³ C may be used placed at a short distance above one another.
When this arrangement is used I prefer to make the series conical that is each
partition slightly smaller than the one below it (this mode of carrying out my
invention is illustrated in Figure 2) or with each alternate partition shorter than the
intermediate ones as shown in diagram in Figure 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
:-
1. The complete cowl constructed and operating substantially as and for the
purpose specified.
2. In a cowl the employment of an adjustable partition such as C substantially as
and for the purpose specified.
3. In a cowl the employment of a series of partitions such as CCCC³ and C
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
WILLIAM BRADFORD.