An Improved Method of Joining Lead Pipes and Means for Effecting the same.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Mar., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 12th July, 1890--Accepted 15th Nov., 1890
TRUVIDIONAL
An Improved Method of Joining Lead Pipes and Means for
Effecting the same.
We, GEORGE HILTON SMITH, of Irk View, Rhodes, Middleton, Machinist, and
BENJAMIN COOPER, of 35, Back George Street, Manchester, Merchant, both in the
County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Our invention relates to an improved method of joining lead pipes and ineans for
effecting the same and has for its object to enable joints being made more readily, in
less time and at a less cost.
To this end our invention consists in the first place in joining lead pipes by forming
the respective ends with a thread in connection with a coupling formed of white
The respective pipe
metal, the interior of which is correspondingly threaded.
ends and coupling may be formed respectively with a right or with a left hand
thread or with both.
In the former case the pipe ends are brought to boar against each other & the
coupling secured in position by means of a lock nut or nuts.
In the latter case the pipe onds are bevelled off, to fit against a corresponding
surface, formed in the interior of the coupling between the right and left hand
threads.
Our invention consists in the second place in forming the threads on the pipe ends
by reducing the exterior diameter thereof by compression and afterwards placing it
into a die, formed with the thread desired to be given to the pipe end and expanding
it therein by internal pressure, so as to cause the exterior of the pipe to embed itself
into the thread in the die and thus become threaded as desired to fit the coupling.
The reducing of the diameter of the respective pipe end, we effect preferably by means
of a milling tool formed with a cup or frame in which are mounted to rotate loosely
in an inclined position, a suitable number of compressing rollers formed with a
shoulder respectively.
The pipe end to be reduced is placed against the roller shoulder into the said cup
In doing so
and the latter by means of a brace caused to rotate around the pipe end.
the pipe end is forced against the said compressing rollers which cause the latter to
slide and owing to their inclined position, to move towards the centre and thus com-
press the pipe end to the desired extent.
The end of the said compressing roller we form or furnish with a circular knife
which serves to face the pipe end on compressing it. The expansion of the pipe end
in the threaded die, we effect by forcing a conical plug into the same.
The described method of and means for joining lead pipes may not only be applied
in their continuity, but also in bends or branches. In the former case one end of the
bend is screwed unto the lead pipe in the usual way, while the other end is connected
In the latter case the
to the lead pipe by means of a coupling screwed unto the same.
two ends of the T piece opposite to each other are also screwed unt the ends of
the respective pipes in the usual way, while the branch pipe is connected thereto by
means of a coupling screwed unto the same and the other end of the T piece.
A similar connection as described may be effected between a tap and lead pipes.
101
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21800

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION:
An Improved Method of Joining Lead Pipes and Means for
Effecting the same.
We, GEORGE HILTON SMITH, of Irk View, Rhodes, Middleton, Machinist, and
BENJAMIN COOPER, of 35, Back George Street, Manchester, Merchant, both in the County
of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Our invention relates to an improved method of joining lead pipes and means for
effecting the same and has for its object to enable joints being made more readily,
in less time and at a less cost. than heretofore has been the case.
And in order that our invention may be more fully understood we have caused to
be appended hereunto one sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference
indicating like parts in the various figures.
Figs 1,3&4, are longitudinal sections of various forms of lead pipe couplings and
Fig. 2 is an end view of Fig. 1.
Figs. 5, 6 & 7, are also longitudinal sections and show the lead pipe coupling
applied in connection with bends, elbow or T pieces.
Fig. 8 is a side view showing the lead coupling in connection with a tap.
Figs. 9 & 10, are respectively a longitudinal section and a view of the lead pipe
end compressed.
When
Figs. 12 & 13, are longitudinal sections of the expansion-die, plug and lead pipe.
In carrying out our invention-and-referring to the figures generally, the improve-
_ ments consist in tlie first place, in joining lead pipes by forming the respective ends a
with a thread, in connection with a coupling b, formed of white metal, the interior of
which is correspondingly threaded. The respective pipe ends a and coupling b may
be formed respectively with a right or with a left hand thread or with both.
forming the lead pipe ends a with a thread of the same sense, they are brought to
bear against each other, as shown in Fig. 1, the coupling 6 being secured in position
by means of a lock nut or nuts c. When forming the pipe ends a, respectively with a
right and left hand thread, they are bevelled off, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to fit
against a corresponding surface formod in the interior of the coupling 6 between
the right and left hand threads. To effect a tight joint between the lead pipe ends a,
a rubber or leather ring, or packing cl may be employed, as shown in Fig. 4, against
which the lead pipe ends a are screwed, in lieu of the bevelled surfaces inside the
coupling b. Instead of extending the thread in the coupling to each end thereof,
we form a short part plain and in diameter to correspond with that of the unthreaded
portion of the lead pipe ends a, as shown in Figs. 3 & 4, which resists any strain that
might be exerted on the threaded portion of the lead pipe and gives the same a firm
hold in the coupling b.
In carrying out the second part of our invention, the respective improvements
consist in forming the threads on the lead pipe ends a by reducing the exterior or
diameter thereof by compression and afterwards expanding it by internal pressure by
suitable means, so as to cause the exterior of the lead pipe end a to become threaded
as desired to fit the coupling b, as shown in Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12 & 13. The reducing
of the diameter of the respective lead pipe end a may be effected by means of a
milling tool, such as described in our Provisional Specification, but which in practice
we find inconvenient and to which we do not lay any further claim, or preferably by
means of a reducing die e, see Fig. 9. The said reducing die é is formed with a
cylindrical hole e', the mouth of which corresponds with the diameter of the lead
pipe before compression and the inner end, with that after compression, there being a
conical shoulder g formed between the two diameters which effects the gradual
compression of the lead pipe end a on the die e being forced thereon.
Fig. 9 shows the pipe end a before, and Fig. 10 after the compression has taken
place. The expansion of the lead pipe end a in the threaded die d, we effect by

page_text: forcing a conical plug into the same, in the manner as illustrated in Figs. 11, 12 & 13.
The exterior of the die d we form hexagonal or nut shaped and the interior with a
thread, preferably as shown in Figs. 12 & 13, so that there shall be left at one end of
the die da plain part. After having placed the compressed lead pipe end a into the
die d as shown in Fig. 12, the expansion plug h, which is formed conical and with a
shoulder g is placed inside thereof and driven home, which causes the lead pipe end a
to be expanded and thereby embed itself into the thread of the die d, as shown in
Fig. 13, and thus effect the formation of the thread on the same. The diameter of
the shoulder g of the plug corresponds with that of the interior diameter of the
threaded part of the die d and serves to give the lead pipe end a true face by being
forced against it in expanding the lead pipe end a.
We may here remark that in some cases the lead pipe end a may be formed with a
thread by expansion in the die d only, without being proviously compressed.
The described method of and means for joining lead pipes, may not only be applied
for pipes in a straight line, but also in connection with bends or elbows, branches or
Tpieces, as shown in Figs. 5, 6 & 7. Where a bend or elbow is required, one end
thereof is screwed on the lead pipe a in the usual way, or against a rubber or leather
ring, or packing c¹ employed therein, while the other end is connected to the lead
pipe enda by means of a coupling screwed on the same as hereinbefore described
when otherwise employed. When employing a T piece for forming branches, the
two ends, 2, thereof, opposite to each other, see Fig. 6, are also screwed on the
ends of the respective pipes in the usual way, while the branch pipe ³ is connected
thereto by means of a coupling screwed on the same and the other end of the
Tpiece, as herein before described when otherwise employed. In lieu of joining
the T piece to the pipe a, a', as shown in Fig. 6, the same may be screwed against
a rubber or leather ring, or packing e' placed inside thereof, as shown in Fig. 7 and
one of the pipes a connected therewith by means of a coupling b, as well as the one
for the branch pipe k³.
A similar connection as described may also be effected between a tap and lead
pipe a, as shown in Fig. 8.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim, is-
"In lead pipe joints":-
1st. The method of forming a thread on the respective ends, by compressing and
afterwards expanding the same, or by expansion only, by suitable means, substantially
as set forth.
2nd. The lead pipe compressing or reducing die e, formed with a cylindrical hole of
two different diameters, substantially as set forth.
3rd. The expansion die d formed internally with a thread, against which the pipe
ends a are expanded by suitable means, substantially as set forth.
4th. The expansion die d, specified in the preceding claim, in combination with the
expansion plug h, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 4th day of July 1800.
F. BOSSHARDT & CO.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicants.