IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHI- NERY FOR RAISING AND FORCING FLUIDS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO AND OTHER Rang
Year: 1854

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Stephen Holman, of Colney Hatch, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHI-
NERY FOR RAISING AND FORCING FLUIDS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS ALSO
AND OTHER Rang"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Stephen Holman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
March 1854.
I STEPHEN HOLMAN of Colney Hatch in the County of Middlesex En-
gineer do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR RAISING AND FORCING FLUIDS PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS
ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE GUIDING OF PISTON RODS GENERALLY AND OTHER RODS" to
be as follows
This Invention relates firstly to a novel arrangement of pump valves and
water passages to which easy access is permitted for the replacement or re-
adjustment of the valves. To attain this end and otherwise to produce a
simple and efficient pump the inlet and outlet valves are arranged in pairs one
above the other in the same chamber one side of which is removable on the
withdrawal of screw bolts which hold the side plate or cover in its place. The
lower valves act alternately as inlet valves by the ascent and descent of a
plunger which works in a cylinder communicating with the valve chamber.
21684.

page_text: This valve chamber is divided into two compartments one of which is con-
nected with the upper end and the other with the lower end of the cylinder
and by this means the water or other liquid supplied to the pump will be forced
out both at the ascent and descent of the piston at one or other of the outlet
valves alternately.
This Invention relates secondly to a mechanical arrangement for commu-
nicating motion to the piston rod of the pump without the use of parallel guide
rods: The piston rod is jointed to a vibrating lever which rocks on a fixed
fulcrum pin that passes through a straight slot in the lever. This slot is made
to permit of the lever moving in the direction of its length as it is rocked to
actuate the piston rod. By regulating this longitudinal movement of the lever
so that it shall be equal to the versed sine of the arc which the lever if working
on a fixed point would describe, the piston rod will continue to work in the
same plane. This traverse of the lever may be effected by a fixed guide pin
working in a suitably shaped groove formed in or carried by the lever. I pro-
pose to apply this arrangement to the guiding of reciprocating rods generally.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Stephen Holman in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd September 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME I STEPHEN
HOLMAN of Colney Hatch in the County of Middlesex Engineer send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria by Her Letters
Patent bearing date the Twenty-third day of March in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four in the seventeenth year of Her
reign did for Herself Her heirs and successors give and grant unto me the
said Stephen Holman Her special license that I the said Stephen Holman
my executors administrators and assigns or such others as I the said
Stephen Holman my executors administrators and assigns should at any
time agree with and no others from time to time and. at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed should and lawfully might make use
exercise and vend within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
the Channel Islands and Isle of Man an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR RAISING AND FORCING FLUIDS, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS IS
ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE GUIDING OF PISTON RODS GENERALLY AND OTHER RODS" upon
the condition (amongst others) that I the said Stephen Holman by an instru-

page_text: ment in writing under my hand and seal should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention and in what manner the same
was to be performed and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE that I the said Stephen Holman do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow-
ing statement reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed and
to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say)
This Invention relates firstly to a novel arrangement of pump valves and
water passages to which easy access is permitted for the replacement or re-
adjustment of the valves.
To attain this end and otherwise to produce a simple and efficient pump
the inlet and outlet valves are arranged in pairs one above the other in the
same box or chamber the front plate or cover of which is removable on the
withdrawal of screw bolts which hold it in its place.
The lower valves act alternately as inlet valves by the ascent and descent of
a piston or plunger which works in a cylinder communicating with the valve
box. This valve box is divided into two compartments, one of which is con-
nected with the upper end and the other with the lower end of the pump
cylinder, and by this means the water or other liquid supplied to the pump will
be forced out (both at the ascent and descent of the piston) at one or other
of the outlet valves alternately.
In the accompanying Drawing Fig: 1 represents the improved pump in
longitudinal sectional elevation. Fig: 2 is a section taken in the line 1. 2. of
Fig 1 and looking towards the right hand. Fig: 3 is a sectional plan taken
in the line 3. 4. of Fig: 1. and Fig: 4 is a partial front elevation-with the
front plate of the valve box removed to shew the arrangement of the valves.
a. a. is a cylinder in which a piston b. works. This cylinder opens at its upper
end directly into the compartment 1 of the valve box, which box is divided into
two compartments by a partition c. The lower end of the cylinder is connected
to the compartment 2. of the valve box by the channel or pipe d. an opening
for the admission of fluid is provided in the bottom of each compartment of
the box, and these openings are governed by their respective valves e. f. The
fluid is supplied by the inlet pipe 9. Above the valve box is a chamber h,
which communicates with both compartments of the valve box by means of
openings in the top of the box which are governed by the valves i. k. Into this

page_text: chamber h. the water is thrown by the action of the piston or plunger b. and it
is discharged therefrom through the outlet pipe 1.
The action of the pump is as follows. Suppose the piston to have made
an up stroke and thereby filled one set of passages with water and to be now
making its downward stroke as shewn by the arrow the water will pass up
the inlet pipe g. lift the valve e. in the compartment 1. of the valve box and
flow on to the top of the piston 6. The continued downward movement of the
piston will force the water that is below it up the channel d. whence it will
escape into the compartment 2. of the valve box. This moving column of water
will then lift the valve k. and escape into the chamber h whence it will be
discharged through the exit pipe 1. When the piston has performed its down-
.ward stroke it will draw water through the inlet pipe g. into the compartment 2.
of the valve box and simultaneously it will force up the column of water that
rests upon its upper surface cause it to close the valve e. open the valve i. and
enter the chamber h. whence it will be discharged in like manner to the former
column through the outlet pipe . The quick repetition of this action of the
piston will effect a copious and continuous discharge of water at the outlet pipe.
To permit of the refitting of the valves with leather or of the ready removal of
any extraneous matters that may have entered the pump, I have provided the
valve box with a removable face plate or cover which is secured in its place
by screw bolts and when removed will give ready access to the valve box.
This cover closes also an opening made in the chamber for the purpose
of permitting access to the upper valves without removing that chamber from
its seat.
This Invention relates secondly to a mechanical arrangement for commu-
nicating motion to the piston rod of the pump without the use of parallel guide
rods. This arrangement is shewn attached to the pump at Fig. 2 and is repre-
sented in edge or plan view at Fig: 2*. The piston rod of the pump is jointed
to a vibrating hand lever n. which rocks on a fixed fulcrum pin o. that passes
through a straight slot in the hand lever. This slot is made to permit of the
lever moving in the direction of its length as it is rocked to actuate the piston
rod. By regulating this longitudinal movement of the lever so that it shall
be equal to the versed sine of the arc which the lever, if working on a fixed
point would describe, the piston rod will continue to work in the same plane.
This traverse of the lever I effect by passing a fixed guide pin p through a
suitably shaped groove q formed in or carried by the lever n. I
apply this arrangement to the guiding not only of pump and other piston rods
but also of reciprocating rods generally.
propose to

page_text: Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improvements in'
Machinery for Raising and Forcing Fluids, Part of which Improvements is also
applicable to the Guiding of Piston Rods generally and other Rods" and ex-
plained the manner of carrying the same into effect I wish it to be understood
that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I claim
First the general construction and arrangement of pump as above set forth
or any mere modification thereof wherein a great working capacity is obtained
in a small compass and at a comparatively small cost and particularly I claim
the construction of valve box as described whereby. I am enabled to gain
ready access thereto.
Secondly I claim the arrangement above described for actuating piston and
other reciprocating rods.
In witness whereof I the said Stephen Holman have hereunto set my
hand and seal the Twenty-third day of September in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.
Witness
FRED. WALKDEN
66 Chancery Lane.
STEPHEN HOLMAN. (L.S.)