Improvements in Burners for Burning Oils or Hydrocarbons, and more Especially Applicable for use in the Burning of Natural Gas.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Feb., 1891-Accepted, 2nd May, 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Burners for Burning Oils or Hydrocarbons, and
more Especially Applicable for use in the Burning of Natural
Gas.
A communication from abroad by GEORGE SMITH SANFORD, of Mount Clemens,
in the County of Macomb and State of Michigan, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON, F.C.S., M.I.M.E., of the. Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and 6, Bank Street, Manchester, both
in the County of Lancaster, and 323, High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object the production of a burner for burning hydro-
carbon, oil, and more particularly for use with crude petroleum, the same being
equally applicable for use in the burning of natural gas. The particular features
of the invention are hereinafter described, and will be more distinctly pointed out
in the claims.
In the drawings,
Figure 1 is a view of the discharge end of the burner.
Figure 2 is a view of the same with the end plate removed.
Figure 3 is a view partly in section and partly in elevation.
Figure 4 is a central sectional view of the same.
Figure 5 is an end view of the rear end of the burner.
Figure 6 is an inside view of the said rear end of the machine, showing the
manifold oil receiver.
In carrying out the invention, A, represents an oil-feeding conduit, and Ba
steam supply conduit. A is a chamber into which oil is first introduced, and from
which it is led by several pipes A² to a chamber A³ adjacent to the inner end of
the burner. B is a manifold from which one or more steam pipes, preferably
several, B2 lead the steam to and discharge the same into a chamber B3 just back
of the chamber A³. B represents nozzles at the inner end of the burner and A*
represents steam nozzles leading from the chamber B³. The steam nozzles are cach
projected into the nozzles B, so that when a jet of steam issues from the nozzle A*,
it acts as an injector to draw in the oil from the chamber A³, and expel the same
thoroughly commingled with the said steam from the nozzles B. This action of
the steam tends also to produce a vacuum in the chamber A³, and so draws the oil
forward from the chamber A' by suction into the chamber A.. This oil, caused
thus to enter the chamber A³ through the several pipes A², is distributed with
substantial uniformity throughout the said chamber A, thus preventing an inordinate
feed of oil from any particular nozzle B'.
So also, the steam being fed to the chamber B, preferably by several pipes B2,
is uniformly distributed in the said steam chamber, thereby causing the steam to
issue with substantial uniformity from each of the said steam nozzles A'.
C represents a cover plate at the extreme forward end of the burner, held in
place by bolts C¹ to the body C2 of the burner. C³ represents a central air orifice,
preferably provided with a tube. C*, extending back through the chamber A¹ at the
rear end of the burner.
D is a shield surrounding the burner. It is preferably made cylindrical along
its forward portion D', so as to uniformly distribute the entering air about the
exterior of the burner; but it is preferably squared along the portion D² so as to
facilitate its being bricked into a stove door or furnace front. D³ is a plate which
it is preferably to provide at the rear end of the burner, and it may or may not be

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cast solid with the chamber A', as shown in Figure 4. It is provided with any
suitable air governing valves or registers d for regulating the admission of air about
the exterior of the burner, and with any suitable valve for governing the
admission of air through the tube C+ to the interior or central orifice of the burner.
The sides of the burner, adjacent to the forward end, are preferably curved, as
shown at c, so that air entering through the case D shall not be deflected away
from the burners, but be guided by this rounded surface directly to the base of the
nozzles B. The end portions are likewise preferably curved so as to prevent,
as much as may be, any eddying of the currents, which would cause an un-uniform
discharge of the air about the exterior of the burner at its forward end. The
discharge end of the central orifice C³ is likewise curved outwardly into bell form
at ², so that air entering will be deflected outward directly to the bases of the
nozzles B This construction of the burner insures a very perfect combustion
of the oil or gas if the same is being burned, since the construction compels a
thorough commingling of the hydro-carbon steam and air closely adjacent to the
discharge end of each nozzle B34.
Should the draught of air be too great, either through the middle or outside of
the burner, it may be regulated to any degree by the registers d and d².
repre-
sents a general steam valve, and separate steam valves for each steam conduit for
more perfectly regulating the admission of steam, and the valve a is provided for
regulating the flow of oil or hydrocarbon into the chamber A'.
It is preferable to form the nozzles A' of brass or non-oxidisable metal. The
shield terminates preferably a little back of the forward end of the burner, so as
to permit the forward end of the burner to become highly heated, thus serving in
a large measure to vaporise the hydrocarbon before issuing from the nozzles B.
Should the chamber A become clogged with coke or other residuum, the end C
may be removed and the chamber cleared.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The oil or hydrocarbon burner, consisting of the oil chamber A³ and steam
chamber B, with their respective nozzles B A' arranged as described, in combi-
nation with an oil conduit, oil distributing chamber A', oil ducts A2 and steam
conduits B2, substantially as described.
2. The oil or hydrocarbon burner composed of the steam chamber 13³, oil
chamber A³, with their respective nozzles B A', steam and oil or hydrocarbon
supply pipes, and central air passage, the exterior surface of said burner and the
discharge end of the central conduit being rounded as described, whereby air is
directed immediately to the discharge nozzles, substantially as described.
3. An oil or hydrocarbon burner, consisting of the chambers A³ B³ with their
respective nozzles A B oil distributing chamber A¹ and communicating oil and
steam pipes, as described of the central air conduit leading back through the oil
distributing chambers, the case D, a closing plate at the end of the burner, and
means for regulating the admission of air through said case and central passage,
substantially as described.
4. The combination with the burner, constructed substantially as described, of
the case D D³, said case contracted at its forward end to uniformly surround the
burner, and squared along the portion D to facilitate bricking into a furnace door
or opening, substantially as described.
Dated this 16th day of February 1891
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.