IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING TAPESTRY AND BRUSSELS CARPETS, UTRECHT VELVETS, PLUSH, SEAL SKIN, AND OTHER PILE FABRICS, SOME OF WHICH IMPROVE- MENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Wade, of Manor House, Wortley, near Leeds, in
the county of York, Engineer for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING TAPESTRY AND BRUSSELS CARPETS, UTRECHT VELVETS,
PLUSH, SEAL SKIN, AND OTHER PILE FABRICS, SOME OF WHICH IMPROVE-
MENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
""
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Wade at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st March 1882.
JAMES WADE of Manor House, Wortley, near Leeds in the County of York,
Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING TAPESTRY AND BRUSSELS
CARPETS, UTRECHT VELVETS, PLUSH, SEAL-SKIN AND OTHER PILE FABRICS,
SOME OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES."
"
The first part of my invention relates to an improved wire motion whereby
control is obtained over the pile wires from the point of withdrawing them out of
the fabric to the reinserting them into the open shed and wire box.
Also in arranging the apparatus for withdrawing and reinserting the pile wires
so that the action is applied on the centre line of the wire operated upon, thus
preventing any deflection of the wire.
The more essential parts of my improved wire motion are as follows.
I employ what I term a slide wire bar having a recess or groove formed in it;
this recess or groove is so formed as to support and guide the head of the pile wire
on its four sides.
Connected to the wire bar is an automatic spring plate or guard which in case
of accident prevents the pile wire leaving the recess or groove of the wire bar.
Working on the wire bar I employ a reciprocating slide, attached to which is
what I terin a lock catch and a key lever.

page_text: The lock catch is for the puporse of laying hold of and operating the pile wires,
and the key lever together with a fixed stop operating it is for the purpose of
releasing the lock catch when necessary from the head of the pile wire.
The Second part of my invention relates to an improved means of driving looms
by friction gearing. The friction gear is arranged so as to be readily disengaged
thus ensuring a quicker and more certain action in the stopping of a loom when
any accident, takes place, and saving the time occupied in transferring the belt
from the fast to the loose pulley. In connection with the disengaging gear I arrange
a friction brake.
The third part of my invention relates to the construction of a new and
improved roller for taking up the fabric during the process of weaving;
the mechanical arrangement of this roller is; applicable to other purposes than
above described.
In performing and carrying out the first part of my invention, I find it most
convenient to arrange and actuate my improved wire motion in the following
manner. I use what I term a slide wire bar, on which travels a. reciprocating
slide provided with a peculiarly constructed lock catch for withdrawing and
reinserting the pile wires as hereinafter.. explained; each of the pile wires which
form the loops in the fabric to be woven, has fixed or soldered to it a metal head,
in which head is a slot.
The slide wire bar is provided with a suitable guide surface for the reciprocating
slide to work on. It is also provided with a recess in which the metal heads of
the pile wires are supported and guided. That end of the slide wire bar nearest
the selvage of the cloth is provided with an automatic spring guide plate or guard,
which prevents the pile wire leaving the recess of the slide wire bar until it has
entered the open shed and wire box. This guide plate I arrange so as to open
when necessary for the passage of the pile wire, and to close automatically; this
automatic closing is effected by the action of a spring.
It is convenient to support the slide wire bar by two vertical levers, attached at
their lower extremity to an oscillating bracket working in suitable bearings and
communicating the requisite traverse to the slide wire bar. On this oscillating
bracket is fixed a lug having a boss in which is secured a stud; working on this
stud is a vibrating arm to which is attached a lever communicating motion to the
reciprocating slide by means of a connecting link. The loom is provided with the
ordinary driving crank and cam shafts.
Between the two main frames of the loom I arrange a counter shaft working in
bearings at right angles to the cam shaft; from which it is most convenient to
drive it; on one end of the said counter shaft is keyed a bevil wheel, actuated by
a similar bevil wheel keyed on to the cam shaft.
On the other end of the counter shaft is keyed a cam or crank which imparts
motion to a lever and truck; The said lever vibrating on a stud which is bolted
to the breast beam of the loom; at the lower end of this lever is a stud upon
which is attached a connecting rod uniting with and operating the arm attached
to the before mentioned oscillating bracket,. thereby conveying motion to the
reciprocating slide on the slide wire bar. By preference the slide wire bar is
placed at a slight angle and receives its traversing motion from a cam, which is
keyed to the cam shaft of the loom. The said cam actuates a lever which is keyed
on a shaft working in bearings secured to a frame.
On this shaft are also keyed two upright levers connected to the levers sup-
porting the slide wire bar by suitable connecting links.
The pile wires are held in their proper position when in the fabric by having
their metal heads supported in a wire box which may conveniently be bolted to
the breast beam of the loom.
Also boited to the breast beam of the loom is a bracket with an inclined surface,
this inclined surface is so arranged that the key lever connected with the lock
catch is forced against the incline by the reciprocating slide, so as to open the lock
catch and release the head of the pile wire held by it. The lock catch attached.

page_text: to the reciprocating slide may conveniently be formed of a vertical spindle moving
in suitable bearings to which is attached a lever provided with a projection or
catch of a form suited to enter the slot in the head of the pile wire, and in this
position to draw back or push foward the pile wire.
This catch is brought into position and held there by a spiral spring attached to
the vertical spindle. This spring forces the projection or catch which I term the
lock catch, into the head of the pile wire, and keeps the head of the pile wire
pressed against the recess or groove in the wire bar.
4
The key lever is also attached to the above spindle and on coming into contact
with and being stopped by the inclined surface bracket before mentioned, causes
the spindle to partially rotate so as to withdraw the lock catch from the head of
the pile wire, which is then pushed home to its place in the open shed and wire
box by the reciprocating slide.
The reciprocating slide finishes the insertion of the pile wire after its head has.
been released from the lock catch by means of a pusher which works in the recess.
of the wire bar..
After the pile wire is properly inserted it is left where it has been placed and
the slide wire bar is made to traverse from the position occupied while inserting:
the pile wire, opposite to the next pile wire to be withdrawn. from the fabric;
during this traversing movement the key lever is so moved along the surface of
the before mentioned inclined bracket as to permit the lock catch to be gradually
brought back by its spring, and to enter the slot in the head of the pile wire next.
to be withdrawn.
When weaving with fine wires, it may be necessary to have an additional
guide for the pile wire when entering the open shed. In that case I construct
a V. shaped or trumpet mouth guide, pivotted on a suitable, bearing attached to the
breast beam, this V shaped guide projects in advance of the wire box.
The slide wire bar may be supported and vibrate from a pivot at its end
farthest from the selvage of the fabric, or it may be supported and move on a
fulcrum at its centre.
In performing the second part of my invention I actuate the driving shaft of
the loom by means of a friction clutch, which I prefer to make as hereinafter
described, though it will be understood that the precise form of this clutch is not
an essential part of my invention, provided such a form of friction clutch be used
as will act substantially in the way described; I secure to the driving shaft of the
loom a conical friction clutch in two parts, the internal part of this clutch is keyed
on the driving shaft and the external part when dis-connected from the internal part
runs loose on the driving shaft. The external part is provided with a long boss
having a recess in which is fitted a suitable clip; the clip is attached to a forked
lever supported from the frame of the loom.
The starting lever of the loom is in its usual position and of such a length as to
be elastic, so that the requisite pressure between the friction clutch is obtained by
its spring power; at its lower end it is secured by what I term the starting shaft.
The starting shaft is placed in suitable bearings at right angles to the driving
shaft; on the starting shaft and almost on a line with the centre of the Driving
shaft is secured a lever which is united to the forked lever before mentioned, by a
connecting rod, this connecting rod is made with a right and left hand screw
coupling for convenience in taking up the wear of the friction clutch, and also
adjusting the pressure on the clutch from the spring of the starting lever; thus
motion imparted to the starting lever is instantly transmitted through the forked
lever to the external part of the conical friction clutch, causing the external part
to come into or out of contact with the internal part, thereby insuring the immediate
starting and stopping of the loom.
The starting lever works in a guide plate provided with a suitable recess for the
purpose of locking the lever when its spring power is applied to the friction clutch.
On the starting shaft is also secured a lever connected at its lower end by a spring

page_text: to the loom frame so as to disengage the clutch rapidly so soon as it is released
from the pressure exerted on it by the starting lever.
I also key on the driving shaft of the loom a V shaped break pulley; to the
loom frame I secure a stud which supports what I term the break lever; this lever
at one end carries a V shaped break surface to engage and disengage with the
V shaped break pulley on the driving shaft, the power applying the break being by
preference that of a spring attached to the break lever. The other end of the
break lever is so connected with the starting lever that the same motion of the
starting lever which disengages the friction clutch so that the transmission of
driving power ceases, also applies a break to the driving shaft to prevent the con-
tinued running of the loom from the momentum of its moving parts.
In performing the third part of my invention, I construct a new and improved
take up roller, or metal cylinder, made with bevil or dovetailed divisional pro-
jectious, between which projections slide strips of metal, these strips of metal have
gill pins or needle points, fitted into them for the purpose of taking up the fabric;
and these strips of metal with the gill pins or needle points fitted into them being
firmly held between the bevilled or dovetailed projections of the roller, it is
impossible for the metal slides containing the gill pins or the needle points to move
out of position. The strips may have straight instead of bevilled edges and in
that case be secured into the recess on the face of the cylinder by screws or any
other convenient way, or the strips may by themselves form a complete cylinder in
sections fitted on to suitable supports upon the roller shaft.
Into the strips or sections of the cylinder above described the gill pins or
needle points are driven from the inner side while the strips are loose from
the cylinder; when the strips are put in place the inner end of the gill pins
or needle points rest upon the solid surface of the cylinder or roller supporting
the strips.