Year: 1886

page_text: .I, ROBERT CARDWELL of .97 Boaler St. Liverpool in the County of Lancaster,
Moulder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The invention relates principally to improvements in stench traps and street
gullies for which Letters Patent were granted to me No 973 dated Mar. 12th 1879,
but is also equally applicable to other constructions of stench traps and street
gullies, and has for its object, firstly, to provide means which will prevent the back
flow of sewage or water caused by tides or floods backing up drains, from entering.
or passing stench traps & street gullies, or pipes leading to water-closets, etc, aud
secondly to simplify the top portion of the stench trap and street gully and.
facilitate a more ready and convenient opening and closing of the saine.
And in order that this invention may be better understood I have caused to be
appended hereunto one sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference indicating
like parts in the various figures.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a stench trap and street gully.
Figs. 2 & 3 are plans thereof, showing the lids or covers respectively open and
closed. Figs. 4, 5 & 6 are vertical sections of the valve portion and stench trap
respectively, constructed according to my invention.
A is the body of the stench trap and street gully, b and c the two different
compartments d, is the cover or plate carrying the diaphragm e; f is the grid or
grating, g, the elbow or branch pipe, and the sludge box.
In carrying out the first part of my invention & referring to the figures
generally, I employ in or provide the second compartment c which is in direct
coinmunication with the elbow or branch pipe g leading to the sewer, & in which
the water for trapping the gases or foul air is always contained, with a tidal valve,
which is under control of and actuated by the said water, & on a back flow of
sewage or water taking place or a subsiding in the sewer or pipe leading to the
stench trap, will either close or open respectively, thus effectually closing the orifice
between the first & second compartments of the stench trap and street gully, and
preventing any backflow of water entering the first compartment which contains
the sludge box, h; or pan or basin in case of water-closets.
The type of tidal valve I prefer to use for this purpose consists of a ball k made
of copper, wood, india-rubber or any other suitable material and a valve seating 1,
which is arranged at a suitable distance above the water in the trap, and which.
may either be screwed into the compartment c as shown in Fig. 1, or fixed thereto
by means of screws, for the purpose of facilitating the placing of the ball or valve
into the compartment c.

page_text: The said ball k is permitted to float on the water always contained in the
compartment c.and the valve seating may be faced with india rubber if found
necessary, so as to permit the ball k, or tidal valve, to bed itself firmly against it,
when raised by the said water.
Another type of tidal valve which may be employed in place of the ball type,
is shown in Fig. 4 and consists of the valve disc n and float o, fixed to a spindle r,
arranged to slide in the bridge q formed in the valve seat or a common flap
valve may be employed, as shown in Fig. 5, or any other type of valve, operated
by the water always contained in the trap or compartment c, which as soon as a
back-flow of sewage or water takes place, or subsides, will rise or fall and close or
open respectively.
.
When applying this part of my invention to stench traps adapted for water
closets, or pipes in communication with sewers, I form or provide the valve
seating, see Fig. 6, on each side with a nozzle s for the purpose of facilitating an
easy fixing & connecting of the tidal valve to the stench trap g' and pipe g' leading
to the water closet etc.
Referring to the second part of my invention, I suitably hinge the grid or
grating f, to the cover or plate d, carrying the diaphragm e, at f¹, in such a manner
as to open in the direction of & simultaneously with the cover or plate & carrying
the diaphragme e instead of hinging the same to the side or body of the steuch trap
and gully as heretofore has been the case whereby the top portion of the body of
the stench trap and gully is greatly simplified in construction, all the sides being
formed quite straight, and the recess heretofore necessary for hinging the grid or
grating to the side, entirely dispensed with, which permits an easier and better
fixing of the stench trap and gully besides giving it a neater appearance & permits
of its being more conveniently opened & closed. When opening the stench trap
and gully for the purpose of taking out the sludge box h, and emptying the
contents, the grid or grating f is lifted & slung back in position 1; the dirt or other
matter which may have collected on the diaphragm'e, is then swept into the sludge
box h and the cover or plate d carrying the diaphragin e, simultaneously lifted into
position 2, as illustrated by dotted lines in Figs. 1 & 3.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, wish it to be understood
that what I clain, is :-
.
First. In stench traps and street gullies; The general arrangement and com-
bination of parts; formed and fitted substantially as set forth and indicated
hereinbefore, and in and by the accompanying drawings.
: Second. The employment and use of a tidal valve which is under the control of
and actuated by the water always contained in & forming the stench trap, as
soon as a back flow of sewage takes place, or subsides, substantially as set forth.
Third. The combination of the grid or grating with the cover or plate d,
carrying a diaphragm e by hinging the same together at f¹ in such a manner as to
open in the direction of and simultaneously with the cover or plate d carrying the
diaphragm e, substantially as set forth.
"
C A
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