Improvements in Apparatus to be Employed in the Ventilation of Buildings or Enclosed Spaces.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 5th Dec., 1896-Accepted, 13th Feb., 1897
UNAL
Improvements in Apparatus to be Employed in the Ventilation of
Buildings or Enclosed Spaces.
We, WILLIAM HEATON of Morville Vicarage Bridgnorth, Clergyman and
JOHN RUMBALL of Haughton Bridgnorth Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of said invention to be as follows:-
Our invention for improvements in apparatus to be employed in the ventilation
of buildings, or enclosed spaces consists of the construction and arrangement of
the hereinafter described parts by means of which excessive down draughts are
remedied and an efficient and regulated circulation of air is maintained and the
vitiated air or fumes is expelled.
We will describe our invention to one of its many purposes a building of
three floors.
We employ by preference a cylindrical tube constructed of metal or other
suitable material of a required diameter and of a length (or if in lengths connected
together) sufficient to extend from the floor or basement and through each room
above and through the roof. This tube we term the outer shaft, and is provided
with an inner tube, which we term the inner shaft, a space, intervening between
the fixed position of the two shafts.
Both these shafts pass through the respective floors, and through the roof a
distance sufficient to allow a required number of "bell mouthed " tubes to project,
the inner ends being secured to the inner shaft, and they serve as inlets for the
cold air, which is conveyed to the inner shaft.
The outer shaft and the inner shaft (in each room) is provided with an inlet
and an outlet, the inlet being the lowest in position, the outlet being above the
inlet, and near to the ceiling the inlet pipe passes through the outer shaft and is
secured to the inner shaft-when a current of cold air passes through the "bell
mouthed" tubes from outside the building, and adjacent to the roof it enters the
inner shaft, and downwards, and through each inlet into the room or rooms and
forcing the vitiated air through each outlet into the outer shaft, and ascending is
expelled between a terminal cap, fixed a short distance at the top of the outer
shaft.
The mouth of the inlet tubes would be covered with gauze as a protection.
In some cases we should shorten the outer shaft (as for one room on ground
floor or otherwise) and form the said shaft, as a body, with the inner shaft, and a
perforated dish at the bottom of the entrance of cold air.
Dated 5th March 1806
THOS. KENDRICK,
3 Cherry Street, Birmingham, Agent.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus to be Employed in the Ventilation of
Buildings or Enclosed Spaces.
We, WILLIAM HEATON of Morville Vicarage, Bridgnorth, Clergyman, and
JOHN RUMBALL, of Haughton, Bridgnorth, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention for improvements in apparatus to be employed in the ventilating
of buildings, or enclosed spaces, consists of the construction and arrangement of
the herein after described parts by means of which excessive down draughts are
remedied, and an efficient and regulated circulation of air is maintained, and the
vitiated air or fumes is expelled.
. And in order that our said invention may be more clearly understood we shall
refer to the sheet of drawings hereunto annexed, the same letters of reference
indicating like or corresponding parts in each of the figures.
Figure 1 is a view in elevation sectional of a three roomed building with the
improved apparatus for ventilating applied thereto, and constructed according to
our invention.
Figure 2 is a view in elevation sectional (to a larger scale) shewing the principle
of our invention, as shewn in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a view in elevation part section of our invention constructed for
one room.
a is a vertical cylindrical metal tube which we term the "outer shaft" this tube
by preference we extend from the floor or basement b, up and through the roof c
where it is fixed. d is a vertical cylindrical metal tube less in diameter than a,
which we term the "inner shaft" extending the whole length or nearly so of the outer
shaft thus forming the intervening space e, d being provided with caps d' at the
top and at the bottom for closing the ends which is essential.
The outer shaft a and the inner shaft d, are provided with the "bell mouthed "
tubes the ends being secured to the inner shaft d, at g and they serve as inlets,
for the cold air (as indicated by the arrows) which is conveyed to the inner shaft d,
and covered with a network of wire f¹.
The outer shaft a, and the inner shaft d (in each room, Figure 1) is provided
with an inlet h, and an outlet i, it will be perceived that the inlet pipes / pass
h
through the outer shaft a, and are secured to the inner shaft d, at l. The effect
being that when a current of cold air enters the "bell mouthed," tubes f, from
outside the building it passes into the inner shaft d, and downwards and through
each inlet h, into the room or rooms, and forces the vitiated air through each
outlet into the outer shaft a, and ascending is expelled between the terminal
cap m and the top of a, the cap m being affixed thereto.
The position of arrows determine the current at f as inlets for the cold air,
at h also as inlets for the cold air, at i, as outlets for the vitiated air, and at m, as
outlets for hot and cold air mixed vitiated.
By reference to Figure 3, which is more suitable for one room we shorten the
outer shaft a, and form the bottom of same as a funnel shaped body n being the
outlet provided with a ridge at its edge to receive any moisture that may arise
from condensation in connection with the inner shaft d at the bottom of which is
a perforated dish o for the entrance of cold air to the room.
The position of arrows determine the current, as before described.
It will be perceived that the objects of our invention in the use of outlets h, are
to permit of air entering in gentle currents only, and preventing draughts from

page_text: excessive currents, and in the case of outlets i, to prevent inward draughts, and
afford continuous means for the exit of vitiated air or fumes.
While we have described the features of our invention and the objects we have
attained, and shewn upon the sheet of drawings, we do not limit ourselves to these
drawings, nor to form or details of construction, but contemplate necessary or
desirable changes in the construction, and the substitution of equivalent members
without departing essentially froin the principle of our said invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
In improvements in apparatus to be employed in the ventilation of buildings or
enclosed spaces.
1st. The combination, the outer shaft a with outlet pipes i, the inner shaft d
with inlet tubes f, and inlet pipes the terminal cap m, the caps d¹ d'as
Figures 1-2, substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the
drawings.
2nd. The combination, the outer shaft a with outlet n the inner shaft d with
inlet tubes and inlet o the terminal cap m the cap d' as Figure 3, substantially
as herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
3rd. The general construction, combination and arrangements of parts, sub-
stantially as herein before described in the foregoing specification and illustrated
on the accompanying sheet of drawings.
L
whom 100G
THOS.
KENDRICK,
New Eldon Chambers, 50 Cherry Street, Birmingham, Agent.