Improvements in the Construction of Force Pumps for the Automatic Raising of Liquids.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd June, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 7th Mar., 1894-Accepted, 16th June, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Force Pumps for the
Automatic Raising of Liquids.
I WILLIAM HAIGH, of 12 Otley Road, Skipton, in the County of York,
Machinist do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object, the novel arrangement of the valves and other
mechanism, of two or more pump barrels, and combining the same along with the
connecting pipes, pistons or buckets in such a manner so as to be enabled to
automatically force and deliver water at a higher level than the source of supply.
I accomplish my object in the following manner. The pump barrels may be
placed in the same line, and the bucket rods of same coupled together in a direct
manner, or they may be arranged side by side and coupled to a cross head.
The pump barrels may be of the same or varying diameters, and when the
latter are utilized, the barrel for raising the liquid is less than the other which I
term the motor barrel, to which water is admitted through a reciprocating rotary
valve operated by the action of the bucket rod. The water or other liquid also
flows into the other barrel, which I term the companion barrel, provided with two
inlet and two outlet pipes, having suitable valves connected to each end thereof.
On turning the pressure of water to the motor barrel, the reciprocating rotary
valve allows it to How to one side only of the solid bucket or piston, it also flows
and fills both spaces, that is on each side of the bucket or piston in the companion
barrel to an equal pressure, so that, say for example there is 20 lbs. pressure per
square inch on one side of the motor piston, there is an equal pressure of 20 lbs.
on both sides of the companion piston, and by the piston rods being coupled
together, or connected to a cross head common to both bucket or piston rods, the
pressure on one side or end of the motor piston, together with the pressure on the
corresponding side or end of the companion cylinder will be in excess of the force
or pressure on the opposite or delivery side of the companion piston, thus displacing
the liquid on the delivery side of the companion piston and raising it to a height
proportionate to the difference in the combined pressure on the sides or ends of
the two pistons against that on the delivery side of the companion piston.
By the time the pistons have travelled to the end of the stroke, the rotary valve
is operated in a manner to allow the water on one side of the motor piston to
escape and admit a fresh supply to the other side of the same, when the pistons
are forced in the opposite direction and the operation repeated.
Dated this 20th day of June 1893.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.
Improvements in the Construction of Force Pumps for the
Automatic Raising of Liquids.
WILLIAM HAIGH, Machinist 12 & 14, Otley Road Skipton Yorkshire do
O hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
(1.) Two or more cylinders any equal lengths, and any varying diameters, are
placed in a line with each other, vertical, horizontal, or at any angle of inclination,
ΓΟ

page_text: and not less than one cylinder length apart. Each cylinder has one solid piston,
and each piston so connected to one and the same piston rod, that each piston
recupies corresponding positions in their respective cylinders.
"
(2.) Each cylinder is completed with such blank ends, stuffing boxes, inlet and
outlet valve arrangements, as to constitute one or more "motor cylinders, and
the others actuated." (See Sheet 1 A. motor. B. actuated.)
(3.) Each cylinder is supplied with liquid from the same reservoir, and have
therefore equal hydraulic pressures.
(4.) For the purpose of this Specification, and for exact figures, I suppose only
two cylinders (A & B. Sheet One) of equal diameter or area, say 100 square
inches each, and to shew effective results, that the hydraulic pressure is 50 lbs. to
each square inch.
(5.) This 50 lbs. pressure has simultaneous access to both motor and actuated
cylinders. To one side only (during one stroke of the piston) of the solid piston
of the motor cylinder, but continuously to both sides of the solid piston of the
actuated cylinder. (Sheet One A the motor. B the actuated cylinder.)
(6.) The motor cylinder is served with this 50 lbs. pressure through a rotary or
oscillating conical inlet & outlet valve (Sheet One C. and Sheet Two Fig. 1. C.)
actuated connectively by a projection from the piston rod (Sheet 1. E and Sheet 2.
Fig. 9. D) in manner described in paragraphs 10 to 14 in this Specification (and in
Sheet One, letters connectively EDFGHJLK, and in Sheet Two Fig. 9. by
letters D F G H JL K) as to cause its inlet and outlet arrangements to be
instantly reversed every time the piston rod reaches its limit of stroke. By these
means the hydraulic force of 50 lbs. upon every one of its 100 square inches of
area on this one side of the solid piston of the motor cylinder (A Sheet One) is
converted into a mechanical and transmissable force of 5000 lbs.
(7.) The actuated cylinder is served with this 50 lbs. pressure through ordinary
check valves (a. a. a. a. Sheet One B) leading to and from this cylinder, allowing
the pressure to lift them and flow uninterrupted to its natural reservoir level, but
falling back by gravitation upon their seats, so as to prevent any return, thereby
giving 50 lbs. pressure per square inch on each side of the solid piston of this
actuated cylinder.
(8.) One or the other of the sides of the solid piston of the actuated cylinder
always corresponds with the pressure side of the motor piston, and as the hydraulic
force on this corresponding side equals 5000 lbs., this 5000 and the 5000 demonstrated
in paragraph 6 of this Specification are (by means of the pistons & rod mentioned
in paragraph 1 of this Specification) are combined into one mechanical force
of 10000 lbs. This mechanical force of 10000 lbs. overcomes and drives before it
the 5000 lbs. resistance on the opposing side of the actuated cylinder's piston, thus
driving this volume of liquid an equivalent elevation above the level of the reservoir
of supply.
(9.) When by the combined action of the two forces mentioned in the last preceeding
paragraph, the pistons & rod have been driven to their cylinder limits of stroke,
the supply valve to the motor cylinder (Sheet One, K. and Sheet Two, Fig. 5. K. M.)
is suddenly turned-by the mechanism of this invention-one quarter of a revolu-
tion in a definite direction, thereby so changing its inlet and outlet arrangements;
that the 50 lbs. pressure is changed from one side of the motor cylinder's solid
piston to the other side, and this now combining with its corresponding side of
solid piston of actuated cylinder, forces each piston and the piston rod to their
original starting points, when the supply valve is suddenly turned back to its first
position. and thereby the motions of pistons, rod, and the changing positions of
supply to motor cylinder are automatically ensured, so long as the reservoir pressure
is sufficient to overcome the friction of the moving parts.
(10.) The rotary or oscillating conical inlet and outlet valve or plug is of the
following construction. An outward conical shell has three openings perforating it
at three equal quarters of its circumferance (Fig. 1. Sheet 2) and midway between
its conical form (Fig. 2. Sheet 2) the intermediate opening always serving as

page_text: outlet. (Fig. 7 & 8. Sheet 2). Within this shell a valve or plug is fitted having
four openings in its outer circumference, so placed that any three of them will
correspond with the three in the shell. (Figs. 4. 6. 7 & 8 Sheet 2.) One half of
the large end of this valve or plug is recessed to facilitate inlet communication to
two of the four openings referred to. (Fig. 3ª Fig. 4 Sheet 2.) The remaining
two openings in this valve or plug have a curved connection with each other within
the circumferance (see Figs. 4B & 7 & 8 Sheet 2) and quite seperated from the
inlet recess.
This curved passage always serves as outlet, one or other extremity
being always presented to the intermediate or outlet opening in the shell (Fig. 7
& 8 Sheet 2). The two openings communicating with the inlet recess, are inlet
openings, only one of which is serving at one time the neutral opening being
presented to the blank inner circumferance of the shell (Fig. 7 & 8. M. Sheet 2).
(11.) Figs. 7 & 8. Sheet 2, shew the conical valve or plug M in its alternating
positions of inlet & outlet service to the motor cylinder.
(12.) The conical valve referred to in paragraphs 6. 8. 9. 10 & 11 of this
Specification, receives its sudden quarter circle motion as follows.
A projection on the shell of the valve, at the diminished end of its conical form
(Fig. 24 Sheet 2) is perforated to receive the actuating spindle of the conical valve
or plug (Fig. 5. K Sheet 2). The outside of this projection receives a toothed
wheel, operated upon, either by gravitating weight (J Sheet 1 and J Fig. 9
Sheet Two) falling suddenly when carried beyond upright position by its motor
rack (G Fig. 9. and wheel H. Fig. 9. Sheet 2) or by an actuating coil or other
kind of spring secured to the wheel arm, so as to give similar sudden motion to
this wheel and arm. Such wheel and arm moving loose upon such projection.
(13.) The conical valve spindle (K Fig. 5 Sheet 2) passes through and beyond
the projection (Fig. 2 Sheet 2) sufficiently to allow a cranked arm to be secured
to it in such manner, shape & position, so as to receive from the arm of the falling
weight (J Fig. 9. Sheet 2) sufficient motion to turn it its requisite one quarter of a
revolution.
(14.) The toothed wheel (H Sheet 1 & H Fig. 9 Sheet 2) is actuated upon its
axis by a toothed tubular rack (G Sheet 1 & G Fig. 9 Sheet 2) sliding within
limits upon a bar parallal with and actuated by the projection (D Sheet 1) from
the piston rod (E Sheet 1) such bar (F Sheet 1) being provided with regulating
nuts, pins. or set collars, so as to receive and convey motion connectively from
piston rod (E Sheet 1) to (K Sheet 1) and in such manner as to leave the tubular
rack (G Fig. 9 Sheet 2) free to slide upon its motor bar (F Fig. 9 Sheet 2) in the
direction of its motion, when so required by the sudden fall of the weighted wheel
arm, when transmitting motion to the spindle of the conical valve.
(15.) include in this Specification two referance sheets, Referance Sheet
No. One, refering to the drawing upon drawing Sheet No. One.
Referance Sheet No. Two, refering to the drawings upon drawing Sheet
No. Two.

page_text: SUPPLEMENTARY SPECIFICATION OF PARTICULAR PURPOSES THE INVENTION
IS PROPOSED TO ACCOMPLISH.
Primarily. Its adaptability for utilising the hydraulic force in the water supplied
to, say 5000 inhabitants in the lower levels of a city, for forcing a supply of water
trom the same reservoir to, say 3000 inhabitants residing at a higher level than the
reservoir of supply, without involving any waste of water.
Secondly. Its adaptability as an automatic fire engine, particularly serviceable
to outlying industries, where large overhead watertanks are used for various
purposes, giving perhaps not more than 10 lbs. pressure to each square inch, but
which 10 lbs. by this invention could be increased to 100 lbs. per square inch, by
making the motor cylinder 10 areas to one of the actuated, or in other words
100 square inches of motor area to 10 square inches of actuated area. Further,
with this invention, the full 100 lbs. pressure per square inch could be kept
continuously on, ready for instant automatic action, the moment the extinguishing
jet was required, obviating the loss of time & confusion almost inevitable in having
to run to start a pumping apparatus, or give an alarm.
Thirdly. Its utility on a smaller scale, in cases where there is a supply of water
to basement rooms only, yet sufficient to overcome friction and work the machine.
All the water drawn in these basement rooms passing through the machine, would
force equivalent quantities to the upper rooms for the various purposes required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
(1.) The combining of two or more hydraulic areas, by the mechanical inter-
position and connection of the said areas to one and the same piston rod, so as to
overcome and displace the liquid in any inferior area under the same hydraulic
pressure.
(2.) The features of the rotary or oscillating conical inlet and outlet valve, as
described in paragraphs 6. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13 and 14 of this Specification, and in
Sheet One, letters C & K. Sheet 2 Figures 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7 & 8. and in
Referance Sheets 1 & 2.
(3.) The features of the change motion, to reverse the inlet and outlet passages
of the rotary or oscillating conical inlet and outlet valve, described in paragraphs 12.

page_text: 13 & 14 of this Specification, and in Sheet One, letters E. D. F. G. H. J. L. K
and in Sheet Two Fig. 9 letters D. F. G. H. J. L. K. also in Referance-
Sheets 1 & 2.
Dated this Sixth day of March, One thousand eight hundred and ninety-four.