IMPROVE- MENTO IN MACHINERY BORD THE MANTRACTURE OR LOOPED FABRICS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Burton Haskard, of Wollaton Street, in the
Town and County of the Town of Nottingham, Spring Point and Guide
Manufacturer, and John Dean and Edward Dean, both of Radford, in
the County of Nottingham, Mechanics, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTO IN MACHINERY BORD THE MANTRACTURE OR LOOPED FABRICS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Burton Haskard,
John Dean, and Edward Dean, at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 20th April 1861.
We, SAMUEL BURTON HASKARD, of Wollaton Street, in the Town and County
of the Town of Nottingham, Spring Point and Guide Manufacturer, and JOHN
DEAN and EDWARD DEAN, both of Radford, in the County of Nottingham,
Mechanics, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED FABRICS," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention consists of an arrangement of parts, themselves consisting of
a face plate or verge which is fixed; and a comb plate in which are needle
slides carrying needles, which stand in a vertical position and are moved up
and down as required by means of a bolt of the required shape, the bolt being
screwed to a bar having a horizontal motion imparted to it from right to left,
or vice versâ; the thread, carriers having a similar horizontal motion, are

page_text: secured to another bar, the carriers having a proper length of lead given them.
The bar that supports the thread carriers has a similar shaped bolt to that
before mentioned for the purpose of moving the sinker bits which lie hori-
zontally in combs screwed to a tie bar the length of the machine between the
standards. In front of the sinker combs, and immediately under the sinkers,
is a presser bar for the frame needles, the bar being supported by brackets
screwed to the tie bar in front of the sinker combs, and above the sinkers is a
falling bar, the lower portion of which forms tricks for the sinkers, up to which
the sinkers are moved by the bolt, and are retained there by a spring until
moved back again by the bolt; the falling bar is capable of being set as required
by star screws for the making of an ordinary course, or a tight or slack course;
the sinker springs are cast in leads secured to a spring bar supported by
brackets attached to the back of the frame.
In manufacturing ribbed fabrics we use, in addition to what is herein-before
mentioned, a bar which carries combs in which the machine needles slide
horizontally from back to front, being moved by a similar bolt attached to a
bar; as herein-before mentioned; a landing plate is placed under the needles
for pressing the machine course, the landing plates being supported by slides
moving on the tie bar which support the machine needle combs, the landing
plate being pressed forward when required by screws or arms fast to the
inachine needle bolt bar, the screws striking against tappit plates attached to a
bar secured to the outer ends of the landing plate slides. To the top of the
machine bolt bar are screwed brackets which carry a bar on which is an arm
carrying a presser wheel for pressing the machine course, the presser wheel
bar being regulated by sliding a similar bar at the back of the brackets, and
lying next to the machine needle bolt bar to the right or left as required.
When we use needles known as "Townsend's " needles we do not use a machine
presser wheel.
The whole of the parts herein-before mentioned are operated upon by the
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Samuel Burton Haskard, John Dean; and Edward Dean, in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th October 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, SAMUEL
BURTON HASKARD, of Wollaton Street, in the Town and County of the Town
of Nottingham, Spring Point and Guide Manufacturer, and JOHN DEAN and

page_text: EDWARD DEAN, both of Radford, in the County of Nottingham, Mechanics,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Samuel Burton Haskard, John Dean, and Edward Dean, Her
special licence that we, the said Samuel Burton Haskard, John Dean, and
Edward Dean, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as we, the said Samuel Burton Haskard, John Dean, and Edward Dean,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LOOPED FABRICS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Samuel Burton Haskard, John Dean, and
Edward Dean, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of
us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Samuel Burton Haskard, John Dean;
and Edward Dean, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say :-
Our Invention consists of an arrangement of parts, these parts themselves
consisting of a face plate or verge which is fixed and a comb. plate in which
are needle slides carrying needles, which needle slides stand in a vertical
position, and are moved up and down as required by means of a bolt of the
required shape, the bolt being screwed to a bar having an horizontal motion
imparted to it from right to left or vice versâ, the thread carriers having a
similar horizontal motion are secured to another bar, the carriers having
a proper length of lead given them. The bar which supports the thread
carriers has a similar shaped bolt to that before mentioned for the purpose.of

page_text: moving the sinker bits which lie horizontally in combs screwed to a tie bar
the length of the machine between the standards. In front of the sinker
combs, and immediately underneath the sinkers is a presser bar for the frame
needles, the bar being supported by brackets screwed to the tie bar; in front
of the sinker combs and above the sinkers is a falling bar, the lower portion
of which forms tricks for the sinkers, up to which the sinkers are moved by
the bolt, and are retained there by a spring until moved back again by the
bolt; the falling bar may be set as required by star screws for the making of
an ordinary course, or for the making of a tight or slack course.
The sinker
springs are cast in leads secured to a spring bar and supported by brackets
attached to the back of the frame.
In manufacturing ribbed fabrics we use, in addition to what is herein-before
mentioned, a bar which carries combs in which the machine needles slide
horizontally from back to front being moved by a similar bolt attached to a
bar as herein-before mentioned. A landing plate is placed underneath the
needles for pressing the machine course; this landing plate is supported by
slides, moving on the tie bar, which support the machine needle combs; the
landing plate is pressed forward when required by screws or arms fast to
the machine needle bolt bar, the screws striking against tappet plates attached
to a bar secured to the outer ends of the landing plate slides. To the top of
the machine bolt bar are screwed brackets, these brackets carry a bar on
which is an arm carrying a pressèr wheel for pressing the machine course,
the presser wheel bar being regulated by the sliding of a similar bar at the
back of the brackets and lying next to the machine needle bolt bar to the
right or left as required.
When we use needles known as Townsend's needles we do not use a
machine presser wheel. The whole of the parts herein-before mentioned
are operated upon by the arrangement of a cam, a lever, and connecting
links.
Having thus set forth the nature of the said Invention, we now proceed
with reference to the accompanying Drawings more particularly to exem-
plify the same and the manner in which it may be carried into effect.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a front view of a portion of the length of a knitting
machine arranged according to our improvements, shewing the left hand end
and looking at the front of the machine, but with the three bar's C, D, E,
broken off short in their connection with the lever which communicates
notion to them.

page_text: Figure 2, Sheet 2, is a sectional view of the whole of the working parts,
the lever being broken away between the two trucks.
Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, Sheet 3, represent the various parts which
are not fully shewn on Sheets 1 and 2. The above Figures represent the
several parts which operate together when we use two common needles for
manufacturing a ribbed fabric. The whole of the Figures are drawn the full
size, except Figures 8, 4, and 5, which are drawn one quarter the full size.
The whole of the several corresponding parts being lettered alike the following
description will apply to each..
.
A is the top of an end standard; there are two such standards to a short
frame, with an intermediate one when the. frames are of such length that the
several bars require an additional support. The standards are connected
together by tie rods, and bearings are secured to the front of them at a con-
venient height and support a handle shaft having a bevil wheel at one end
gearing into a wheel on the end of the short horizontal shaft, on which
is keyed a can which communicates motion to the lever above men
tioned. We sometimes prefer using a counter cam of a similar shape to the
cam shewn in Figure 4, in which the cam works alternately first upon one
truck and then upon the other truck, both trucks being upon the same side
of tho, lever. When we use a counter cam we place only one truck
upon each side of the lever; the counter cam is secured to a long boss cast
upon a wheel M, lying inside the bearings supporting the short horizontal
shaft; the boss counter cam, and wheel M, revolve the opposite way to and
round the short cam shaft on the end of which is keyed a wheel similar to
the wheel M, but lying outside the bearings, both wheels being moved by a
smaller wheel on the end of the driving shaft. Two blocks or studs are cast upon
the upper part of the standards, to which blocks or studs are screwed the angle
bars B and B. The top of the standards also form bearings for (or have
bearings screwed to them for supporting) three bars C, D, E, somewhat longer
than the tie and angle bars; F is a bar of the same length as the angle bars;
on the angle bar B are screwed sinker combs B', in which slide the
sinkers B³, moved forward and backward by the sinker bolt B³, screwed to
the sliding bar C. On the top of the bar C is a carrier bolt bar C³, which
is slotted for a portion of its length to allow it to slide to the right or left,
a sufficient length of lead being given it to allow the bolt bar C to pass it
until the thread carriers which are screwed to the bolt bar stand in a position
for passing first across the needles as each course is made. There may be a
similar bolt bar to C¹ placed above it and working in a similar manner for
making a fine course or a colored one; C³ represents the frame needle

page_text: presser bar which is supported by short arms screwed to the angle
iron; C is a falling bar, up to the back of which the portion of the
sinker B2, which lies in front of the bolt B³, is moved by the bolt, and is
retained there by the spring H2 until moved back by the bolt, the lower
portion of the falling bar also forms a trick in which the sinkers slide and
are prevented from rising; the falling bar is supported by arms attached to
the star screw rods; the rods slide in brackets G, screwed to the angle
bar B; the star rods also pass through the welting bar G¹, the falling bar being
held where required by the star screw G2, and the arched spring screwed to
the bracket Go, acting upon the arms which carry the falling bar; C³ is a
tappet plate which is screwed loosely to the bar C, and moves with it.
When the bar C arrives at either end of the course this plate is forced up
by one of the arms striking against the incline brackets screwed to the carrier
bolt C', as shewn in the front view; the tappet plato holds back the sinkers
until the first has properly gained its loop; C, is the faame landing plato
which also forms a trick for the frame needles to slide in; D is a bar to which
the bolt D is screwed; the bolt in its passage to the right or left moves the
needle bits D up and down, the requisite lead being obtained from and regu-
lated by the set screws and short lever D, attached to the bar D, as seen at
Figure 4. In the bits D are soldered the frame needles in a vertical
position, the bits sliding in the frame needle conib D³, screwed to the bar F:
The bar G', which lies in bearings screwed to the standards is slotted a short
distance from each end to allow it to slide on the star screws the slotted ends
are of three different thicknesses, whereby the falling bar C+, by means of the
star screw G³, can be placed in position for making an ordinary course, a slack
course or a tight course. To the standards are screwed bearing brackets G³,
slotted as shewn by the dotted lines to carry the axle of the spring bar H the
bar is prevented from moving end wise by a set screw at each end in a small
bracket H³, screwed to the bearing G³, through which is also passed a set
screw H', which prevents the spring bar from rising. To the bearing G³ is
also screwed the spring which holds the star G in its place. To the spring
bar H are screwed the leads H¹, in which the springs H³ are cast, which
press upon the tails of the sinker bits B, forcing the bits forward to form a
loop, except where held back by the bolts B³, or tappet plate 'C³. I is the
facing roller over which the work as made passes to the work roller upon
which it is wound.
The above is a description of the several parts arranged and combined
according to our improvements, which constitute a machine for the manufac-
ture of plain looped fabrics, and in a machine making ribbed looped fabrics

page_text: constitutes an improved arrangement of what is commonly denominated the
"frame." The parts which we now next propose to describe constitute
when arranged and combined as herein-after set forth that portion which
working with those herein-before just described will make a ribbed looped
fabric, and is an improved arrangement of what is called the "machine." To
the angle iron B is secured the machine needle comb K in which slide the
machine needle bits K', in which are soldered the machine needles lying hori-
zontally and moved as required by the machine needle bolt K screwed to the
bar E which has a horizontal sliding motion given it by being connected to
the short lever D³, which is moved by a pin near the end of the bar C, moved
by the cam and lever, a portion of the lever D³ being cut away, the lead of the
bar C is regulated by the stops screwed to the lever D³, as shewn at Figure 4;
on the top of the bar E are screwed caps E', under which slide the brackets
E carrying the machine presser bar E³ which has arms at the end of which
is a presser disc E³ which we sometimes prefer using instead of a presser
plate, there being as many disks as the number of breadths of work that the
machine is set out for. The bar E³ is somewhat shorter than the length
between the standards, and has a small pin near each end which is embraced
by the slotted end of a small lever working upon an axle in a bracket.E
screwed to the bar E. The upper end of the lever, when the bar E arrives
near the end of its motion to the right or left will strike against a set screw
in a bracket screwed to the cap of the bearing of the bar E by which means
the presser wheel will always be thrown into its proper position for pressing
the machine needles when required. The brackets E' are moved backward
and forward for making a slack course by the bar E, which is somewhat
thicker near each bracket. To the top of the bar E are screwed brackets
E' through each of which a set screw is passed, and on the top of the angle
iron B are secured brackets E in which the slides E are free to move.
The ends of the slides nearest the machine needles have a bar E secured
to them, the inner edge of which is bevelled on the under side, on the top
of which bar E are screwed landing plates bevelled on the under side; both
these plates lie under the machine needles; on the top of the bar or plate E"!
are secured combs or tricks E in which the machine needles lie and
slide. In the machine needle bits are soldered ticklers E¹³ lying above
the needles, and between the needles and ticklers is a thin bar having
its inner edge rounded, upon which the bent portion of the ticklers slide,
by which means as the ticklers and needles are drawn back the end of.
the beard of the needles will lie in a nick or sunk portion of the ticklers, so

page_text: that the loop which is placed upon the ticklers by the advance of the needles
will be thrown off them, the last formed loop lying under the beard of the
needles until the needles advance again, when it slides up on the tickler,
and remains there until the next loop is laid under the needle beards. The
thin bar lying under the ticklers is more fully shown in the right hand
division at Figure 5 screwed to the caps of the slide brackets E. To the
outer ends of the slides E is secured a bar to which two tappet plates are
screwed. The slides E, the bar E, and landing plate, move inwards, when
the pins L which are regulated by set screws are driven. against the tappit
plates at the end of each course, by which means the work is knocked over
the ends of the machine needles. The slides and bar E' and E" are held
back by the spring L, which bears upon the tie bar B*.
The above is a description of the parts which, when arranged and combined
as described, constitute an improved arrangement of what is called the
"machine" as arranged when we use a common needle in the machine. When
we use what is called and known as Townsend's needle in the machine we
employ the above combination and arrangement of parts, except that we
dispense with the presser wheel E, and also with the parts marked E', E', E³,
E, and E. And when we use a common needle in combination with a
tickler, as shewn, we also dispense with the presser wheel.
Description of Movenients collectively. The thread carriers taking the
lead lay the thread to the frame needles, the sinkers supporting the same, and
coming forward to form a loop; the needles are drawn down to receive the
loop, and press the beards down to allow the previously formed loops to pass
over the ends of the needles, the beards being pressed by the frame presser
plate C³, the work is knocked over by the landing plates C. The frame
course being thus completed, the above movements are repeated for the
manufacture of a plain looped fabric. The movements for the production of
the ribbed course are the same as those for the production of the plain course,
with the addition of the machine course, which is worked at the same time as
the frame course, the machine needles being pushed forwards by the machine
needle bolt K2, and in coming back, having taken hold of the loops, the presser
wheel (when a presser wheel is used) presses down the beards of the needles,
and the landing plate knocks the work over; or when we use ticklers (using
no presser wheel) the ticklers receive the ends of the needle beards, and allow
the previous loop to pass off the needle heads, as before described. Thus the
frame and machine course being finished together a ribbed fabric will be
produced. When we use the needles known as Townsend's needles, the loops

page_text: of the first course are carried back behind the tongue or coverer of Townsend's
needle, and when the needle has taken hold of the loops of the second course,
and is moved back, the first loops will slip over the ends of the needles.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim,―
First, the arrangement and combination of parts, as herein-before described,
constituting the machinery for the production of plain looped fabrics.
Second, the arrangement and combination of parts, as herein-before
described, constituting the machinery for the production of ribbed looped
fabrics.
Third, the arranging and combining the parts, in the manner herein-before
described for the construction of machinery for the manufacture of looped
fabrics.
In witness whereof, we, the said Samuel Burton Haskard, John Dean,
and Edward Dean, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
Seventeenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-one.
Witness,
GEO. JON. ROBINSON,
SAMUEL BURTON HASKARD. (L.S.)
JOHN DEAN.
EDWARD DEAN.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)
Patent Office,
Nottingham.