IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YARNS FROM WOOL AND SUCH LIKE FIBROUS SUB- STANCES.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Russell Donisthorpe, George Edmund
Donisthorpe, George White, and Joseph Toon, all of Leicester, in
the County of Leicester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF YARNS FROM WOOL AND SUCH LIKE FIBROUS SUB-
STANCES.
ور
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Russell
Donisthorpe, George Edmund Donisthorpe, George White, and
Joseph Toon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 13th January 1874.
.
We, ALFRED RUSSELL DONISTHORPE, GEORGE EDMUND DONISTHORPE,
GEORGE WHITE, and JOSEPH TOON, all of Leicester, in the County of
Leicester, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YARNS FROM WOOL AND SUCH LIKE
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
:-
Our Invention consists in the application of machinery for drawing an
untwisted or soft sliver.

page_text: We propose to arrange an apparatus so as to take the slivers as they
leave the condensing carding engine, and draw them while in a soft and
untwisted state through porcupines or gills by a pair of drawing rollers.
We then pass them under a revolving guide roller for the purpose of
guiding the sliver on to a bobbin or roller. We then take the slivers to
a roving machine, and there redraw them by similar apparatus before
they receive any twist. It is then formed into a twisted roving by the
usual means, and is then taken to the spinning machine. By this
method we dispense with a large quantity of intermediate machinery,
such as balling machines, cone drawing machines, &c., thereby greatly
reducing the cost of manufacture.
omsthorpe, George white, and Josepи Toon in the Great Deal
Patent Office on the 13th July 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ALFRED
RUSSELL DONISTHORPE, GEORGE EDMUND DONISTHORPE, GEOEGE
WHITE, and JOSEPH TOON, all of Leicester, in the County of Leicester,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Alfred Russell Donisthorpe, George
Edmund Donisthorpe, George White, and Joseph Toon, Her special
license that we, the said Alfred Russell Donisthorpe, George Edmund
Donisthorpe, George White, and Joseph Toon, our executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Alfred Russell
Donisthorpe, George Edmund Donisthorpe, George White, and Joseph
Toon, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-

page_text: tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YARNS FROM WOOL AND SUCH
LIKE FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the, condition (amongst others) that we,
the said Alfred Russell Donisthorpe, George Edmund Donisthorpe,
George White, and Joseph Toon, our executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under
the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Toon, on behalf of myself
and the said Alfred Russell Donisthorpe, George Edmund Donisthorpe,
and George White, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
that is to say :-
Heretofore when yarns or threads have been produced upon what is
known as a condensing carding engine the narrow slivers of fibre passing.
from the last cylinder of the engine have been rubbed or felted together
to form them into yarns or threads, which have subsequently been spun
upon mule frames.
When making yarns in this manner they have for
the most part been composed of lambs' wool.
The object of our present Invention is partly to enable worsteds of
longer staple, or worsteds mixed with cotton or other fibe, to be formed.
into yarn by a similar felting process. To effect this we take the narrow
slivers as they leave the condensing carding engine, and draw them
while in a soft and untwisted state through porcupines or gills by means
of a pair of drawing rollers. And after again passing them between
endless rubbing bands to further felt them together we pass them under
a revolving guide roller for the purpose of guiding the sliver on to a
bobbin or roller. We then take the slivers to a roving machine, and
there redraw them by similar apparatus before they receive any twist,
and afterwards form them into twisted rovings by the usual means, and
then take them to the spinning machine. By this method we dispense
with a large quantity of intermediate machinery, such as balling
machines, cone drawing machines, &c., thereby greatly reducing the cost-
of manufacture.

page_text: Figure 1 of the Drawings hereunto annexed shews an end view; and
Figure 2 a transverse section of our improved apparatus to be applied
to the end of a condensing carding engine.
Figure 3 shews a plan view partly in section of the ends of the
machine.
In these Figures a, a, are the yarns or condensed rovings as they pass
from between the endless rubbing bands of the condensing carding
engine. These condensed rovings are led through guides b, and between
two pairs of rollers c and d, upon which there is just sufficient draft to
ensure keeping the yarn distended between them. After this the yarns
are led over the small pocupine roller e, or, it might be through screw
gills, and then through drawing rollers f, which draw the yarn through
the porcupine or gills, and straighten out the fibres of which the yarn is
composed. Aferwards the yarn passes between endless rubbing bands,
which felt or rub together the fibres of which the several yarns are com
posed in a similar manner to the ordinary endless rubbing bands of con-
densing carding engines. The yarns are afterwards led over the revolving
guide pullies g, which have also an endway traversing motion given to
them to cause them to lay the yarn on to the bobbins / without putting
friction upon it, whereby the tendency to break the yarns when laying
them on to a roller or bobbins is much reduced.
In the Drawings annexed the manner of giving motion to the rollers c
and d, the porcupine e, and the drawing rollers from a band pulley k
driven by a band from the carding engine is clearly shewn. The endless
rubbing bands have a continuous revolving motion, and an endway to-
and-fro motion given to them in the same way as the similar bands of a
condensing carding engine. The manner of giving an endway to-and-
fro motion to the axis which carries the guide pullies is shewn at
Figure 1, whilst the manner of giving a continuous revolving motion to
this axis is shewn at Figure 3. This is effected by a toothed wheel / on
the axis gearing with a toothed wheel m, which by a band and band
pullies receives motion from an axis n driven by a band from the axis
of the band pulley k, or direct from the carding engine.
.
We would remark that although we prefer that the apparatus above
described should be combined with a condensing carding engine, as a
above described, yet in some scases the apparatus may be separate there-
from, and the yarns after being formed in an ordinary condensing.

page_text: carding engine, and wound on to bobbins or rollers, be afterwards passed
through the apparatus above described. The condensed slivers after
they have been drawn as above described we again draw by passing
them through similar drawing apparatus, as shewn at Figure 4, before
putting a twist into them. The condensed and drawn slivers are for
this purpose brought together in pairs, as shewn, and conducted by
rollers c and d over the porcupine e, and through the drawing rollers f,
which draw the rovings through the teeth of the porcupine, and from
there they pass to the flyer p, by which twist is put into them. These
rovings may afterwards be spun still further in ordinary spinning
frames.
In some cases, especially for thick yarns, the second drawing of the
yarn through a porcupine or gill may be dispensed with.
Having thus described the nature of our Invention, and the manner
of performing the same, we would have it understood that we claim,-
1. The combination with a condensing carding engine of apparatus,
substantially such as herein-before described and shewn at Figures 1, 2,
and 3 of the Drawings annexed.
2. The combination of apparatus, substantially as herein described,
and illustrated at Figures 1; 2, and 3 of the Drawings annexed for acting
upon partially felted yarns before twist is put into them.
3. The employment of revolving guide rollers for laying untwisted
yarns or threads on to bobbins or rollers, the guide rollers being driven
at the same surface speed as the passing thread, substantially as herein
described.
4. The combined arrangement of apparatus, substantially as herein
described and shewn at Figure 4.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Toon, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Tenth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
TACT
MAA