CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES; ALSO IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS APPLI- CABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN THE TOOLS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
ELCE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, and JOHN BOND,
of Burnley, in the said County, Machinist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Royal Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-sixth day of
February, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the fifteenth of
year
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Elce and John Bond, our exors, adññors, and assigns, Her
especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that we, the said John
Elce and John Bond, our exors, adññiors, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said John Elce and John Bond, our exors, adiñors, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, our Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PREPARING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES; ALSO IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS APPLI-
CABLE TO LOOMS FOR WEAVING, AND IN THE TOOLS EMPLOYED THEREIN;" in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that we, the said John Elce and
John Bond, shall cause a particular description of the nature of our said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in
writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of either of us,
to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
John Elce and John Bond, do hereby declare that the nature of our Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly
described and ascertained in and by this present Specification or Instrument
in writing, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed (that is
to say) :-
Our Invention consists, first, in certain self-acting machinery, applicable to
drawing frames and other machines of the like nature, for stopping the same
when any required weight or length of sliver or roving has been produced.
Secondly, in self-acting temples, applicable to looms for weaving, for keeping
the fabric distended to its required width.
And, lastly, in certain tools employed in making the temples of looms.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of part of a drawing frame to which our improve-
ments are applied; Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same. In these views, a
is the back drawing roller, and b, c, and d are the other drawing rollers, of the
ordinary construction. Between two of the bosses of the roller a is cut the
screw e, see Fig. 2, which takes into the teeth of the wheel f, revolving on a
stud fixed in the bracket g, bolted to the roller beam h. To the boss of the
wheel is fixed a pinion i, gearing into the wheel j, to the boss of which is
fixed a pinion k, gearing into the wheel l; on the same stud as the wheel / is a
falling latch m, which is carried partly round by the pin n, projecting from the
face of the wheel. The latch m acts upon the sliding bar o, which is hinged
to the elbow lever p, the fulcrum of which is a stud attached to the cross
rail z.
The manner in which the above-described pieces operate is as follows:-
When the drawing frame, or other machine of the like nature to which our
improvements are applied, is ready to be started, the attendant moves the driving
strap from the loose to the fast pulley in the ordinary manner, and by so doing
the sliding bar o is latched into the slot made in the bracket 9; the pin n in the
wheel is then supposed to be in the position shewn by a red circle in Fig. 2,
and the latch 'm is hanging down, as also shewn in red; when the back roller a
revolves, the worm e gives 'motion to the wheel f, which motion is transmitted
to the wheel, and causes it to revolve very slowly on its stud; the pin n is thus
brought against the latch m, and raises it until it comes against the incline on
the under side of the sliding bar o, which is thereby partially elevated, and the
retaining latch at the end of it is liberated from the bracket 9; by this means
the elbow lever is allowed to drop into the position shewn in red, and by so

page_text: doing, the stud l, which acts as fulcrum for the sliding rod o, comes in contact
with the cam r on the starting rod s, which is thus made to move the driving
strap from the fast to the loose pulley, and thereby stops the machine in the
ordinary manner. As soon as the latch m has elevated the sliding bar o, it
drops by its own gravity into the position shewn in red in Fig. 2.
It is evident from the above description that the machine is stopped when a
certain number of revolutions have been performed by the back roller a, but
the relative number of teeth in the wheels and pinions can be regulated to suit
the peculiar machine or the quality of work required.
Our improvements in machinery or apparatus applicable to looms for weaving
are described in reference to Fig. 3, which represents part of a loom with our
self-acting temple applied thereto; Fig. 4 is a plan of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is an
elevation of the temple, drawn full size; and Fig. 6 is a plan of the same.
In Figs. 3 and 4, A is part of a loom side; B, the breast beam, and C, the
reed fixed in the lay, in the usual manner. Near each end of the breast beam
is bolted one of the brackets D; these brackets support the cross. bar E, the
ends of which are flattened to fit into the slots of the brackets D. There are
angular notches formd on the inside of each of the brackets D, corresponding
to the notches on the ends of the cross bar E, one end of which is shewn
detached in Figs. 7 and 8; the object of these notches will be explained
hereafter. To the cross bar E are fixed by means of set screws the head
pieces F, into which are fixed two studs H, see Fig. 5, for the rollers G,
which are covered with rowels. These rollers are held on the studs by
screw nuts, and they are covered by guards or shells I, seen best in Fig. 5,
which are so shaped that the fabric to be distended in the loom is carried
about half round each of the rollers G; by this means the selvage is securely
held by the rowels, and it is less liable to be torn than in temples of the
ordinary construction. The shells or guards I are screwed to the head
pieces F by a set screw passing through a slot in each of the head pieces,
thereby allowing the distance between them and the rollers G to be varied,
to suit the fabric that is being woven. It may in some cases be more con-
venient to construct the guards or shells I as shewn in the detached views,
Figs. 5 and 5b; and we would also remark that more than two rollers G, with
their guards or shells I, may be found advantageous to suit certain descrip-
tions of fabric. If the shuttle fails to cross the shed, the pressure of the reed
against the shuttle causes the cross bar E to spring or bend, thereby allowing
the notches at one or both ends of the said bar to disengage themselves from
the notches on the brackets D; by this means, the temples which are attached
to the cross bar are pushed nearer to the breast beam, and the lay is at

page_text: liberty to complete its stroke without injuring the warp or the fabric under
operation. The notches on the brackets D and on the shoulders of the
cross bar E may be dispensed with, and the cross bar held in its place by a
spring latch, placed outside the brackets D, taking into a recess at each end
of the cross bar E. It is evident that when the cross bar E has been dis-
placed, owing to the trapping of the shuttle or to any other accident, causing
an undue pressure on the temples, the attendant must replace the cross bar
into its original position before the loom is again put in motion.
We will now proceed to describe the last part of our Invention, which
relates to the tools employed in making temples. Fig. 9 is a sectional eleva-
tion of a tool to be used for making rowels on rollers, and Fig. 10 is a plan
of the same. K is a cast metal block, furnished with a mandril, on which one
of the rollers G, see Fig. 5, is put before the rowels are made thereon. When
the roller is in its place, the operator by turning the wing nut L tightens the
roller on the mandril, and then produces the rowels in an unfinished state, by
striking an instrument similar to a triangular graver, and seen in Fig. 11,
against the roller in a slanting direction. As soon as a row of these rowels is
formed, the operator strikes or presses the instrument, shewn at Fig. 12, on
the unfinished rowels; and as this instrument is formed with a taper-pointed
hole, it is evident that its effect will be to sharpen the points and make smooth
any irregularities on the rowels. By slackening the wing nut L, the operator
is enabled to turn the roller G partly round, in order to bring another portion
of its surface in a convenient position for being operated upon. In this
manner the successive rows of rowels are formed around the whole circum-
ference of the roller without any injury being done to the rowels, which is very
essential, as the efficacy of the temples depends in a great measure on the
rowels being sharp and smooth.
Another of our improvements in tools consists of an instrument for making
the notches near the end of the cross bar E, seen best in Figs. 7 and 8. This
instrument is formed somewhat like a punch, the inner portion of which fits
on the flattened end of the cross bar, and the outer portion is provided with
notches similar to those on the bracket D. When this instrument is placed
on the end of the cross bar, sufficient pressure must be applied to it to indent
the notches on the instrument into the shoulder formed where the flattened
end joins the round part of the cross bar.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be carried into operation, we hereby declare that we
claim as of our Invention,—
First, the combination of mechanical parts herein-before described for

page_text: stopping drawing frames and other machines of the like nature when any
required weight or length of sliver or roving has been produced.
Secondly, the combining of two or more rollers covered with rowels and
provided with guards or shells to form self-acting temples, as herein-before
described.
Thirdly, the regulating the distance between the guards or shells and the
rollers covered with rowels.
Fourthly, the modes of supporting and retaining the cross bar E, as shewn,
and as described.
Fifthly, the improved mode of supporting the rollers of temples during the
operation of forming the rowels upon them.
And, lastly, the improved instrument, shewn at Fig. 12, for making the
rowels sharp and smooth.
And this our Invention being, to the best of our knowledge and belief,
entirely new, and never before used within that part of Her said Majesty's
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England, we do hereby
declare this to be our Specification of the same, and that we do verily believe
this our said Specification doth comply in all respects, fully and without reserve
or disguise, with the proviso in the said herein-before recited Letters Patent
contained; wherefore we do hereby claim to maintain exclusive right and
privilege to the said Invention.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Elce and John Bond, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-fourth day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two
111
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JOHN (L.s.) ELCE.
JOHN (L.s.) BOND.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-fourth day of August,
in the year of our Lord 1852, the aforesaid John Elce and John Bond came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-fifth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-two.