matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Year: 1873

page_text: The tubes are composed of two parts, those situated around the oven,
and the funnel tubes placed above the fire-place. These funnels are
attached to the tubes in such a manner that the former can be changed
at any time, for it must be understood that being exposed to the fire
they will wear out quicker than the tubes.
The sides of the tubes forming the walls of the vault, and the trough
of the interior of the oven, have less thickness than the other sides,
except in the part approaching the trough.
The thickness of the funnels varies where they are most exposed to
the intensity of the heat, so that the trough of the oven may have
everywhere the same temperature, and that the bread placed near the
opening or at the extremity of the oven should have the same degree of
baking in the same space of time.
The number of tubes is unlimited for an oven of six feet in length
and four and a half feet in width, but I have chosen the number 8 as
being the most convenient to distribute the heat uniformly in all parts
of the oven.

page_text: Without end.
2nd. According to the situation of the ovens the funnels placed
above the fire-place can be shortened at the tops by one-third, without
affecting at all the good functions of the oven.
<<
3rd. For large tubular ovens" two fire-places, one at each extremity,
can be adopted, the head of each pipe reaching both fire-places; for
instance, the first pipe reaching one fire-place the following will
necessarily reach the other. It follows therefore that the tubes will
always have their same course around the oven, ending always in one
single chimney placed in the centre of the oven; in this case the fire-
places can be smaller than the width of the oven.
4th. The tubular oven constructed of metal, iron, cast iron, plate
iron, copper, or of mixed parts will be built in such a way as to permit
of their being taken down and put up again easily, as the case may be,
or of their removal in one single piece to any desirable place.
5th. These ovens can likewise be built in the following manner, being
always tubular, although properly speaking they have no tubes:-Bricks
are placed to make the outlet pipe or passage, a plate of metal or plates
of burnt and fireproof earth to form the trough and and vault of the
oven; the rest of the construction is the same as above described.
6th. All my tubular ovens are intended for the use of bakers as well
as confectioners, for they can be made all sizes.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH GAS BURNERS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Buchan Watson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd April 1873.
I, PETER BUCHAN WATSON, of Higli Wycombe, in the County of
Bucks, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH GAS BURNERS," to be as follows:-
•
The object of my Invention is to afford ready and efficient means for
regulating the supply of air to gas burners, and the Invention is
particularly applicable to burners used for burning gas produced from
hydrocarbons, although the Invention is equally applicable for regu-
lating the supply of air to gas burners of any description.
The Invention consists in placing below the burner an appliance
consisting, for example, preferably of two perforated metal plates, one of
which should be a fixture, while the other is movable; by moving the
perforated movable plate over the fixed plate the size of the apertures
can be regulated to the greatest nicety, and consequently any desired
quantity of air can be admitted as required.

page_text: The plate may be moved by turning it with the hand, but I prefer to
communicate motion to it through the agency of. the tap for regulating
the gas, supplied for example by rack and pinion or other equivalent
mechanical means; in this way the supply of air is regulated according
to the quantity of gas admitted to the burner, or there may be a
separate and distinct tap. for the gas, and another for the air supply.
I prefer to make the fixed plate with a rim, flange, or projections, in
such manner that it forms a support or holder for the chimney or globe.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS AND COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Claudius Ash, of 141, Maida Vale, in
the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF HATS AND COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD."
Sealed the 22nd April 1873, and dated the 13th February 1873.
PROVISIONAL SECIFICATION left by the said George Claudius Ash
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 13th February 1873.
I, GEORGE CLAUDIUS ASH, of 141, Maida Vale, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS AND COVERINGS FOR THE HEAD," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
hats and coverings for the head.

page_text: this I interpose tin foil or other metal between the inner and outer
surfaces of the hat and extending into the brim. The metal foil may
be cemented to the interior of the hat before the lining is put in, and
on to the under surface of the brim before it is covered, care being
taken that the metal is continuous over the angle between the brim
and the body of the hat, otherwise the grease will not be effectually
checked.
A THERMAL REFLECTOR STOVE
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Yewdall at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th June
1873.
I, EDWIN YEWDALL, of Leeds, in the County of York, Pharmaceutical
5 Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
THERMAL REFLECTOR STOVE," to be as follows:-
My Invention is applicable to the ordinary recess of a common fire-
place. To adapt an ordinary recess for my stove I fill in its corners, so
that it assumes approximately a semi-cylindrical form. This may be
› done either by means of a metal plate or by brickwork, or both. This
semi-cylindrical surface of the recess forms the reflector of the stove.
The fire-place or grate of the stove is placed in front of the reflector so
as not to touch the back. The fire-place or grate is made of metal; its
back is solid, and carries at its top a flue pipe, which passes into the
3 ordinary chimney. To prevent the heat from the back of the grate, and
the heat reflected by the reflector from passing up the chimney, I fix at
the mouth of the chimney a metal plate or diaphragm, so as to entirely
close the mouth with the exception of a small hole in the plate, through

page_text: which the flue pipe from the grate passes. The plate or diaphragm is
also provided with a soot door.
In building new houses, the recesses of the fire-places should in like
manner be constructed of a semi-cylindrical or other similar shape, so
as to form reflectors for the fire-places or grates, which are placed so as t
to leave a space between them and the reflectors, and the chimneys
should be closed so as to prevent the heat from the reflectors and from
the backs of the grates from escaping.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIXING TRANSPARENCIES TO LAMPS, WINDOWS, AND OTHER ARTICLES ADAPTED FOR THE PASSAGE OF LIGHT
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Rowland Holyoake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th September 1873.
I, WALTER ROWLAND HOLYOAKE, of Hayter House, Marylebone
Road, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIXING TRANSPARENCIES TO LAMPS,
WINDOWS, AND OTHER ARTICLES ADAPTED FOR THE PASSAGE OF LIGHT," to be as
follows, that is to say:
The feature of novelty in my Invention consists in the adaptation and
application of an apparatus for the safe, speedy, and casy mode of fixing
transparencies to lamps, windows, and other articles adapted for the
passage of light, and for disconnecting them without damage or
alteration by means of a wire bar, horizontal or otherwise, slightly
pointed at each end, with a socket screw or spring in the centre to
lengthen or shorten, and with two sliding hooks attached, made of flat
metal, round or half round wire, for receiving the transparencies, which
constitute the whole or part of lamps, fixed in streets, open spaces,
factories, public buildings, railway carriages, tramway cars, windows, or
other articles adapted for the passage of light, and for advertising purposes,

page_text: etc. I also apply the wire bar without the hooks for securing the
transparencies.
The transparencies consist of designs upon glass or any other
transparent or partially transparent material by any known process of
printing or any other process, by which designs or letter may be
produced upon the desired medium, and when I have obtained an
impression, if it is not transparent enough, I treat it with a solution
of Canada balsam and turpentine, and proceed as follows:-Cut the
transparency into the required size and shape, and lay it upon a clean
surface and gently rub it over with a warm solution of size, isinglass,
or some other glutinous and partially colourless medium, and then place it
upon a perfectly clean warm transparent piece of glass, coloured or colour-
less, bent or otherwise, and carefully rub it down with a tuft of cotton
wool; afterwards I take a second piece of colourless glass, warmed and
cleaned, and lay it upon the transparency, and then cement them
together, and bind them round with japaned leather, varnished calico, or
any other impervious material, to protect them from discolouration by
the atmospheric air or the action of the gas.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF INDIA-RUBBER HOSE
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Pomeroy Dodge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd October 1873.
I, GEORGE POMEROY DODGE, of 79, Upper Thames Street, London,
India-rubber Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF INDIA-RUBBER HOSE,"
to be as follows:-
:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture
of india-rubber hose, and is a further improvement upon the hose pipes
described in the Letters Patent granted in England in 1873, under the
Numbers 865, 1111, and 1901.
'
In the Patents Numbers 865 and 1111 the hose pipes are sewn into
the required form and size by a suitable sewing machine, and the
Patent 1901 describes a further improvement by the addition of an
inner strip to cover the line of stitches from the inner pressure of
the water. In this latter Patent the described method of vulcanization
is difficult and uncertain unless great care is taken in the manufacture,
and no provision is therein made for covering the outside of the tube
with india-rubber.

page_text: In this my present Invention I have all the advantage and economy
of the sewed hose whilst nearly approaching in perfection the hydraulic
india-rubber hose coated both inside and out in successive rolls of canvas
known as one, two, or three ply hose.
By my present Invention I am enabled to effect a great saving in
labour and material.
In carrying my Invention into practice I take canvas or other textile
fabric of cotton, flax, hemp, or other material that is suitable, and cover
it on one or both sides with a coat of india-rubber unvulcanised; I
then cut up this material to the desired width and size for the intended 1
hose, and I stitch this into shape, as described in the before-mentioned
Patents, and immediately or at the same time nearly cover the stitches
on the line of stitches inside or inside and outside the hose with a
strip of india-rubber, or fabric covered with india-rubber, using solvent
or solvent india-rubber when necessary to secure adhesion; I then place:
the pipe upon a mandril of galvanized iron, wood, or suitable metal,
having by preference previously applied to the interior of the pipe
French chalk or other material in the way known to india-rubber hose
pipe makers.
If the fabric has in the first instance been coated with india-rubber
on the inside only, I then, by preference, but not necessarily, cover the
outside of the hose with a coat of india-rubber; I next proceed to vul-
canize the whole in the usual manner by the application of heat. In
this way I produce a tube nearly equal to the best india-rubber hose
by perfecting in the way described the sewn hose pipes described in the
before-mentioned Patents, Numbers 865, 1111, and 1901.
.
AN IMPROVED HAIR WASH
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Elise Galeer, of Bienne, in the Canton of Bern,
Switzerland, for the Invention of “AN IMPROVED HAIR WASH."
Scaled the 2nd September 1878, and dated the 10th March 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Eligo Galeer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th March 1878.
I, ELISE GALEER, of Bienne, in the Canton of Bern, Switzerland, do
5 hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
HAIR WASH," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of the mixture of ingredients hercin-after
described for promoting the growth and improving the appearance of and
preserving the human hair.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Elise Galeer in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th September 1878.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ELISE
GALEER, of Bienne, in the Canton of Bern, Switzerland, send greeting.:
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Elise Galeer, Her special license that I, the
said Elise Galeer, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Elise Galeer, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED HAIR WASH," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Elise Galeer, my executors or adminis-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be pcr-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office

page_text: DCioro described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Elise Galeer, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Eighth day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-throo.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF THE BROOM PLANT, AND THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN FIBROUS ARTICLES THEREFROM
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Enrico Campana at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th
June 1873.-A communication from abroad by Alfonso Pistoresi,
of Florence, in the Kingdom of Italy.
I, ENRICO CAMPANA, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE PREPARATION OF THE BROOM PLANT, AND THE MANUFACTURE OF CERTAIN
FIBROUS ARTICLES THEREFROM," to be as follows:-
66
This Invention relates to an improved method of treating broom
genista," "spartium scoparium," a shrub abundantly growing on sandy
pastures and heaths in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, and in thus utilizing and
turning to account a fibrous plant or shrub heretofore unused, and in the
method of dressing or preparing the fibre obtained therefrom, and thus
opening out a new industry and a new article of commerce to be used as
a substitute for flax and like fibrous materials.
In carrying out this Invention and industry into practice the young
shoots of the "spartium scoparium" broom are gathered, cut in such

page_text: lengths as to avoid the woody portions. The twigs or shoots thus
obtained are then dressed or prepared by infusion in boiling water at
a certain temperature with a mixture of soda crystals and lime, or
alkaline solution brought to three degrees strength. After boiling about
three hours and being cooled the shoots are then washed in clean spring
water and soap and then dried. The best method of drying after washing
is to subject the shoots to the action of a current of high-pressure steam
until nearly dry.
It will be found that the glutinous and pithy portions of the shoots are
entirely removed and the fibre alone remains, which fibre is suitable to
be used as a substitute for flax and for certain purposes, such as the
manufacture of twine and shoe thread it will be found particularly
applicable. It is also applicable to the manufacture of canvas and other
similar fabrics. Its cost of production is infinitely less than that of flax,
and its flexibility and tensile strength is much superior. The shrub is
abundantly found in the United Kingdom and Ireland, and can be
cultivated in quantities sufficient to become a new source of commerce,
and when treated as herein-before stated a new and useful article of
manufacture.
The operation of infusing and treating with soda crystals and lime,
or alkaline solutions, will have to be slightly varied in practice according
to the climate, the herein-before stated particulars being suitable to the
kingdom of Italy.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BALL JOINTS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Corbett, of 74, Spencer Street, Birming-
ham, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BALL
JOINTS."
Sealed the 27th January 1874, and dated the 1st August 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Corbett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st August 1878.
I, THOMAS CORBETT, of 74, Spencer Street, Birmingham, Manufac-
turer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN BALL JOINTS," to be as follows:-
I make a ball, either solid or hollow, of wood, metal, or any other
suitable material, and attach to one part of it by screwing, soldering,
rivetting, or otherwise either the article to be revolved direct, or receptacle
for the same. I further make a cup or ring of the same or other suitable
material to receive the ball half way, the outside being of a suitable shape.
I then make a portion of a cup also to fit the ball half way, the outside

page_text: likewise to be of any suitable shape. Into this portion of a cup I make
several incisions in order that being pressed against the ball it may act
as a spring. It is now only necessary to place the ball between the two
cups, rings, or portions of a cup, and fix the latter to each other, which
by being brought close together or wider apart will allow less or more 5
room for the ball to revolve.
From the aforesaid it will be clearly understood that the ball with the
object to revolve attached to it can be turned in every direction and
remain at a position fixed if necessary.
с
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas Corbett in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th January 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
CORBETT, of 74, Spencer Street, Birmingham, Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Corbet, Her
special licence that I, the said Thomas Corbet, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Thomas Corbet,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for “Im-
PROVEMENTS IN BALL JOINTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Thomas Corbett, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SACCHARIFICATION OF GRAINS TO BE USED IN DISTILLING.
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Antony Kruger and Timothy Colani, of Echère,
Department of Deux Sevres, in France, Manufacturers, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SACCHARIFICATION OF GRAINS TO BE
USED IN DISTILLING.".
Sealed the 28th April 1874, and dated the 2nd December 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Antony Kruger and
Timothy Colani, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 2nd December 1873.
We, ANTONY KRUGER and TIMOTHY COLANI, of Echère, Department
of Deux Sevres, in France, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SACCHARIFICATION
OF GRAINS TO BE USED IN DISTILLING," to be as follows:-

page_text: but it requires a large expenditure of fuel and the operation is very
long.
Our Invention consists in employing for this process closed vessels
instead of open vats as now usual. By this means the following
advantages are obtained :—
I. A superior produce by the entire or almost entire transformation
of the starch, and of the glucose itself by reason of the elevation of the
temperature.
II. The time required for the operation is only a few minutes.
III. An enormous economy of fuel, not only by shortening the
process, but also above all by preventing the evaporation of the
acidulated water. We estimate this economy of fuel at about 75. per
cent.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Antony Kruger and Timothy Colani in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 2nd June 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ANTONY
KRUGER and TIMOTHY COLANI, of Echère, Department of Deux Sevres,
in France, Manufacturers, send greeting.
.
.
.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Antony Kruger and Timothy Colani,
Her special license that we, the said Antony Kruger and Timothy
Colani, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we,
the said Antony Kruger and Timothy Colani, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SACCHA-
RIFICATION OF GRAINS TO BE USED IN DISTILLING," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Antony Kruger and Timothy Colani, our
.

page_text: ANTONY KRUGER. (L.S.)
TIMOTHIE COLANI. (L.S.)
A NEW OXYGEN OR IMPROVED FURNACE BAR
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Richard Smyth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th April 1873.
I, SAMUEL RICHARD SMYTH, Oivil Engineer, of 55, Grove Road,
Holloway, N., do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW OXYGEN OR IMPROVED FURNACE BAR," to be as follows :—
This Invention consists of a new oxygen or improved furnace bar,
made of any size and adapted for any class of furnace, where fuel of any
description is consumed, either for ordinary furnaces, locomotive boiler
furnaces, steam boat boiler furnaces, fixed steam engine boiler furnaces,
and any and every furnace of any shape or design.
The bar is made of cast iron or any other suitable metal, and has the
general shape of an ordinary furnace bar, excepting that it is very deep
in the bottom part, also very thin, having a knife edge which gradually
curves to the top. The body of the bar is hollowed out, such hollows
are chamfered off inside, and are either in two, three, four, five, six, or
more openings as the bar may require, having stays, or the metal.
connected with the upper part of the bar; the bottom part of the said

page_text: bar forming a truss being always cool therefore supports the upper part
of the bar.
The upper part of the bar has curved projecting pieces about 2 inches
wide, placed about 2 inches apart, or less or more according to the size
of the bar, such projections fit into the hollow of the next bar, the
purpose being to cut the oxygen or air zig-zag in its passage through
the bar; the bar is grooved across the top about one inch centre to
centre, so that the air may have play, thus avoiding the clinking of
the bar.
My improvement consists in adapting an ordinary furnace bar to every 1
class of furnace to burn any class of fuel to give a large air space for
the passage of the air to consume it; to truss the bar by cutting out
the centre of it to save the bar from dropping; to economise fuel and
prevent smoke; to cut the air underneath the fuel to prevent clinkers;
to give a better chance for the air to feed the fuel above from the 1
ash-pit.
A NEW METHOD FOR OBTAINING FROM PETROLEUM, PARAFFIN, OR COAL OIL AN IMPROVED QUALITY OF LIGHT FOR PREVENTING SMOKE AND SMELL, AND FOR ECONOMIZING THE OIL
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard William Medlen at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 22nd October 1873.
I, RICHARD WILLIAM MEDLEN, of 76, Lilford Road, Stoke Newington
Green, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "A NEW METHOD FOR OBTAINING FROM PETROLEUM,
PARAFFIN, OR COAL OIL AN IMPROVED QUALITY OF LIGHT FOR PREVENTING SMOKE
AND SMELL, AND FOR ECONOMIZING THE OIL," to be as follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of obtaining from petro-
leum, paraffin, or coal oil as used for domestic and other purposes
in illumination, an improved quality of light, rendering it at once
beautifully soft, pure, brilliant, and free from smoke or smell, and
also for the purpose of economizing the oil.
In order that the nature of the Invention may be clearly understood,
I will proceed to describe the same and mode of application.
The Invention comprises a novel chemical preparation, consisting
of an, admixture of chloride of sodium, nitrate of potash; protoxide
of sodium, in about equal parts. The basis thus formed is sodium or
natrium, which acts as a very powerful absorbent or deodoriser, and
IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR CLEANSING SHARPS OR MIDDLINGS FROM IMPURITIES AND PREPARING THEM FOR GRINDING
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joshua William Keohler and
Daniel Ferguson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 18th October 1873.
We, JOSHUA WILLIAM KEOHLER and DANIEL FERGUSON, both of
Belfast, County of Antrim, Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of our
said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR CLEANSING SHARPS OR MIDDLINGS
FROM IMPURITIES AND PREPARING THEM FOR GRINDING," to be as follows:-
--
Our Invention relates to improved machinery for separating impurities
from sharps or middlings, and preparing the latter for being again
ground to obtain the pure fine flour therefrom.
The machine consists essentially of a disintegrator for beating and
dividing the particles of the sharps, and a perforated disc for scattering
them contained in a casing fitted with shelves, and through which a
draught of air is drawn by an exhaust fan.
The sharps are first supplied to a hopper from which they are fed to
the disintegrator, which consists of a shaft carrying arms and made to
revolve at a high speed within a casing provided with fixed arms,
whereby the sharps are beaten and their particles separated more or less.

page_text: After passing through the disintegrator a scraper throws them on to the
perforated disc also driven at a high speed, by which they are scattered
evenly about at the same time that they are subjected to the action of
the fan blast which carries away the light impurities. The purified
sharps fall down a succession of inclined shelves where they are still 5
acted on by the upward draught until they are finally discharged at
bottom thoroughly cleansed for grinding.
IMPROVEMENTS IN JUNCTIONS FOR GAS AND WATER MAINS AND BRANCHES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Nicholson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
June 1873.
I, RICHARD NICHOLSON, of Dulwich, in the County of Surrey,
Architect, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN JUNCTIONS FOR GAS AND WATER MAINS AND BRANCHES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the prevention of the escape of gas
or water through the junctions of the mains or branch pipes employed
in conveying the same, and consist as applied to existing mains and
branches in surrounding on enclosing the ordinary junction by a
cast-iron chamber which is made in two halves bolted together round
the main or branch pipe as the case may be. The interior of this
chamber is to be filled with melted pitch or other suitable substance
through an aperture provided for the purpose, which substance on
setting or hardening will present an effectual barrier against all leakage
through the junction so protected.
When applying my Invention to new mains and branches I cast the
sides and one end of the chamber before referred to on one end of each

page_text: length of the main, so as to form a species of enlarged socket thereon.
On the other end I cast two flanges or collars, the one at the complete
extremity of the main being of less diameter than the interior of the
said chamber, and fitting against the inner end of such chamber, a layer
of cement being introduced between the end abutting surfaces, which
may be grooved annularly for that purpose to increase the tightness
of the joint.
The second flange or collar is of larger diameter and fits into a rebate
in the front end of the chamber so as to effectually close the same.
Lugs are cast on the chamber and on the said flange parallel to the axis 1
of the main, through which lugs screw bolts with nuts are passed to hold
the parts together.
A pouring mouth or gate is left on the upper side of the chamber for
the introduction of the melted pitch or other suitable substance. The
branch pipes may have the chamber cast thereon, the open mouth of 1
the chamber bearing against the surface of the main to which the said
branch is screwed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COAL TUBS OR WAGGONS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Woodall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
May 1873.
I, SAMUEL WOODALL, of Windmill End, Boiler, Bridge, and Girder
Works, Dudley, in the County of Worcestershire, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COAL
TUBS OR WAGGONS," to be as follows:-
The principal feature of this Invention consists in constructing coal
tubs or waggons of sheet iron in an improved manner instead of of wood,
as ordinarily constructed.
The plates are bent to form the corners of the tubs or waggons instead
of being united there by angle iron, by which construction only two
(instead of four) plates will be used.
The plates are retained in position by a band round their top and by
an angle-iron frame round their bottom, to both of which they are rivetted
or otherwise secured, and are secured to buffer timbers, bearings under
which carry the axles and wheels which run along rails.

page_text: The advantages derived from the substitution of iron for wood in
combination with the improvements in the construction are that the
coal tubs or waggons, will be more durable (lasting four times longer)
without increase of weight, they will also be more portable, besides
having a greater containing capacity, and in the end when worn out
can be sold for scrap iron.
AN IMPROVED VENTILATING APPARATUS CHIEFLY DESIGNED TO FORM A VENTILATING WINDOW
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th December 1873.-A communication from abroad by William
John de Booy Ingram, of Bergen, New Jersey, United States of
America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED VENTILATING APPARATUS
CHIEFLY DESIGNED TO FORM A VENTILATING WINDOW," a communication, to be
as follows:-
The said Invention relates to a novel and simple contrivance for
effecting the ventilation of dwelling rooms and other places where it is
desirable to admit a regulated supply of fresh air and permit the escape
of the foul or vitiated air.
The said Invention may be constructed for independent use as a
ventilator, but it is chiefly designed to form part of a ventilating
window. It is applied to an ordinary window sash without materially

page_text: obstructing the light or rendering the sash less convenient with regard
to raising and lowering the same.
The manner of constructing my improved apparatus and applying it
to a window is as follows:-I construct an inner sash or frame which is
fitted within the ordinary upper or lower sash, or both, the said ordinary
sashes being unglazed and the inner sash fitted with glass in the usual
manner. The said inner sash is secured to the outer sash frame by
hinges secured to metal plates fixed in the corners of the inner and
outer sashes. These hinges consist of two plates jointed to each other
so that they will open and close, and by their opening will permit the
inner sash to separate from the outer sash and leave a space between the
inner and outer sashes for the passage of the air. The inner sash may
be opened to any required extent within the limits permitted by the said
hinges, and moreover it may be adjusted to open equally all around it or
at either side, or at the top or bottom like an ordinary door. I provide
the said adjustable or ventilating sash or frame with a locking device.
for securing it when adjusted in any position. This locking device
consists of two pieces of steel wire attached to a small circular plate
connected with a knob or button. One of these locking devices is placed
at each side of the sash and is operated to lock or unlock the same by
turning the said knob in the same manner as the ordinary knob of a
door.
.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GOLD AND SILVER CORD USED FOR MILITARY TRIMMINGS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas McBride at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
February 1873.
I, THOMAS MCBRIDE, of Woolwich, in the County of Kent, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF GOLD AND SILVER CORD USED FOR MILITARY TRIMMINGS," to be
as follows:-
-
My Invention relates to the gold and silver covered cord used for
trimming military uniforms. This cord, as hitherto made, consists of a
core of cotton threads, upon which the gold or silver wire is tightly
braided; but this cord, by reason of its want of pliability, renders the
uniform stiff and uncomfortable to the wearer, and owing to its hardness
the gold and silver is soon frayed or worn.
Now according to my Invention the cord is made soft and pliable
and considerably lighter, so that the uniform is rendered casy and com-
fortable and less heavy, which is a great advantage, especially in warnı
climates.

page_text: According to my Invention less cotton or other fibrous material is
used for the filling which forms the interior of the cord, although the
cord when finished is of the usual size, and I effect this by temporarily
increasing the diameter of the cotton filling or core, so that the covering
of the finished cord is only loosely filled by the cotton or other fibrous
material. One method of effecting this is by a fixed pin placed in the
centre of the cotton or other filling at the point where the wire is
braided upon it, the finished cord being drawn off it as the braiding
proceeds.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CLEANING WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Chambers at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
August 1878.
I, RICHARD CHAMBERS, of Bow, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR CLEANING WHEAT AND OTHER GRAIN," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object the cleaning of wheat and other
grain by passing it between two discs, one rotary, the other stationary,
on the adjacent sides of which said discs are set wedged shaped
projections, or knives having roughened sides. When the upper disc
is made to rotate the wheat or grain is agitated and cleaned by contact
with the said roughened sides of the wedged shaped projections, which
said projections are arranged on the discs in such relation to each other
that when the upper disc revolves the projections thereon will corre-
spond with the interstices between the projections on the lower diso,
and the thin edge of each wedged projection on the upper diso shall
first pass the thin edge of each wedged projection on the lower diso,
thereby alternately narrowing the space through which the wheat or

page_text: grain is passed, and most effectually cleaning the same between the
roughened surfaces or sides of the projections.
In constructing the apparatus I employ a cylindrical standard or
bearing, in which is rivetted or bolted a disc. Through this disc is a
shaft, having keyed thereto another disc, which occupies a position
above the stationary disc; and the said discs have on their adjacent
sides wedged shaped projections or knives, as herein-before described.
A cap or cover is placed above the rotary disc, and a hopper is provided
for feeding the wheat or grain to the said rotary disc and the lower
or stationary one.
THE MANUFACTURE OF IMPROVED FUEL FROM BARK, TAN, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Thomas Palmer and
Richard Dixon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 26th November 1873.
We, JOSEPH THOMAS PALMER, of 22, Campbell Road, Bow, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, and RICHARD DIXON, of Dowgate
Hill, Cannon Street, in the City of London, Fur Merchant, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE MANUFACTURE OF IMPROVED
FUEL FROM BARK, TAN, AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the manufacture of fuel from bark or tan
and other substances. The means employed are to add to a certain
quantity of bark or tan a suitable proportion of quicklime or chalk,
or other material containing the same properties sufficient effectually
to absorb the moisture of the bark or tan. The said admixture is sub-
mitted to hydraulic pressure, thus producing a good fuel at very low
cost.
Another process we use is to utilize bark or tan as a fuel by adding
thereto a sufficient quantity of quicklime, chalk, or other material con-
taining the same properties, and also breeze, slack, or other suitable and
known fuel.

page_text: We propose, by hydraulic or other pressure, to compress these sub-
stances into shapes and sizes suited to the house grate, or to ovens and
furnaces.
We also propose to make a composite fuel by using bark or tan
dried by mixing therewith a sufficient quantity of quicklime, chalk, 5
or other material containing the same properties, and by the addition
thereto of suitable quantities of pitch, breeze, slack, and creosote.
IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPLIANCES FOR FACILITATING THE LIGHTING OF GAS JETS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas James Smith at the
'
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th October 1873.-A communication from abroad by Charles
Storer, of the Saint Lawrence Metal Stamping Works, Montreal,
Dominion of Canada.
I, THOMAS JAMES SMITH, of the Firm of Robertson, Brooman, and
Company, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent Agents,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
MEANS OF AND APPLIANCES FOR FACILITATING THE LIGHTING OF GAS JETS," to be
as follows:-
:-
The object of this Invention is to facilitate the lighting of a number
of gas jets simultaneously from a given point, in order to obviate the
necessity of going from one lamp to another, as is now done.
The main features of novelty consist of a shell or casing with a
diaphragm in combination with a rod or link for opening and closing the
supply cock which is under the action of the pressure of air furnished
from any convenient source. The cock has an irregular groove cut in

page_text: it; and as it (the cock) is turned, say, to open the main passage, the
irregular groove becomes shut off, and the gas passes to the burner; but
by sucking the air from the diaphragm the link is drawn downwards and
the cock turned in the reverse direction, the irregular groove then being
opened to the main supply of gas to furnish à supply to a supplementary &
burner enclosed within a separate casing, the supplementary burner
taking its light from the main supply burner just before it is ex-
tinguished.
The link has a ratchet upon it, and this gears into a pinion upon the
arbor of the cock, a pin on the end of which serves to guide the link in 1
its up and down movement.
In some cases a cover is fitted or hinged to the casing of the supple-
mentary burner to protect its minute flame from the wind, which cover
can be lifted by the link for the gas issuing from the main burner to be
ignited by crossing its path and just before the minute flame is ex- 1
tinguished. The main supply of gas passes from its pipe through a
separate channel of the shell or diaphragm casing, and is therefore kept
distinct from air which enters to act upon the diaphragm.
AN IMPROVED BACK SIGHT FOR FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Scott and Augusto
Eugenio Bruno at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 19th September 1873.
We, WALTER SCOTT and AUGUSTO EUGENIO BRUNO, of 47, Princip
Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED BACK SIGHT FOR FIRE-ARMS,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to that part of fire-arms known as the "back
sight," whick "back sights" at present in general use whether on the
folding or sliding system are fixed or set for certain different ranges, by
means of a moveable body sliding or otherwise moving upon a fixed one,
without any appliance for securing such moveable body in the desired
position.
The defects and disadvantages of this method are,—
Firstly. When the sliding body is too tightly adjusted to the flap or
fixed body there is great difficulty on account of the excessive friction,
in fixing the "sight" to any required range, and which becomes almost
impossible or a matter of chance in the case of hurried or rapid firing.

page_text: Secondly. When the said sliding body moves too freely it is liable to
fall or slide downwards, especially from the concussion on firing the gun
from its proper or intended position, thereby rendering the "sighting"
inaccurate, and probably so much so as to render the shooting useless.
It having been found impracticable with the "back sights" hitherto
used to attain the medium between these extremes, and to maintain the
same for any length of time, it is the object of our present Invention to
avoid both extremes, and to constitute and arrange a back sight which
can be adjusted with the greatest ease and facility, and be maintained in
its adjusted position for any period of time and during any length of
continuous firing by the following means:-We form a hollow or
grooved block, the upper edges of the two sides or cheeks of which are
made circular and indented or notched at certain and vaying distances
to suit the different ranges required, which ranges are marked on the
sides of the said cheeks at or near their respective notches. In the hollow
or groove of the said block a flap or "sight bar" is hinged, having on its
inside or under side a grooved projection in which a clamping plate is
placed, and is operated or pressed downward by a small spring fixed
above it and within the said grooved projection, which causes the lower
edge of the clamping plate to engage in the said notches of the block,
and thus to hold the "sight bar" in whatever position it may be placed.
In order to obtain "sights" for distances between those indicated by
the scale of ranges on the block we fit a transverse sliding bar on the
top or upper end of the sight bar, which transverse bar is raised and
lowered at pleasure by means of a screw.
IMPROVED MEANS FOR PRESERVING STREL PENS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Daniel Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th August 1878.
I, EDWARD DANIEL JOHNSON, of Wilmington Square, in the County
of Middlesex, Watchmaker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention *for "IMPROVED MEANS FOR PRESERVING STREL PENS," to be as
follows:-
pens,
The object of this Invention is to' prevent the injurious effect of ink
upon steel and to preserve them clean and bright after being used.
It is well known that steel pens after being used but a short time,
greatly deteriorate in their quality from oxidation, and from the clogging
up of the nibs, whereas the mere wear of the pen through friction on the
paper is almost inappreciable, and pens are cast aside as useless before
completing a tenth of the duty they are capable of performing. To
remedy this waste of pens in counting houses or other places where
many writing clerks are engaged I provide stands made of wood, metal,
or other material suited to receive, say, half a dozen or more small glass
tubes some two inches in depth, and arranged in a row. These tubes
are intended to receive the pans when not in use, say, after the work of

page_text: the day is completed. The tubes I fill with water and place therein
some fixed alkali (carbonate of soda by preference), which will saturate
the water, and the excess will remain as a deposit at the bottom of the
vessel to be taken up by the water as needed.
In order to shew the state of the supply I provide openings in the 5
front of the case opposite the lower ends of the glass tubes, and I color
the fluid by mixing with the alkali some vegetable dye not decom-
posable by the fixed alkali, or the decomposed ink may itself supply the
colour.
When a used pen is inserted in one of these charged tubes, the oxidizing 1
character of the ink will be at once destroyed, and the pen will be
preserved in a clean state ready for use on the following day.
Instead of providing special cases for the tubes they may be applied
to the inkstand, care being taken that they are set at a reasonable
distance from the dipping cup, and they will then serve to support the 1
pen like the holes which surround the dipping cup of the common
inkatand
instand
I find that the fixed alkalies are the most perfect preservatives of steel
against rust, and will protect the metal against water itself for any
length of time.
2