Improvements in Couplings or Unions for Connecting Pipes or Tubes.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Mar., 1895-Accepted, 18th May, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Couplings or Unions for Connecting Pipes or
Tubes.
We, WILLIAM LAWSON, and GEORGE LAWSON, both of Rectory View, and
WILLIAM HENRY LAWSON, of Bradley Road, all of Newton-le-Willows, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineers and Brass Founders, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This invention relates to couplings or unions for connecting pipes and the like,
which may be flexible or otherwise.
The object of this invention is to provide a means for quickly forming a
connection between two pipes, or for readily disconnecting said pipes.
We attain this object by the means hereinafter described, reference being made
to the accompanying sheet of drawings. In the several views shown therein similar
letters refer to similar parts.
In the drawing
Fig. 1 represents a side view and Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of our invention :
Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the coupling nut shown separately: Fig. 4 is
a plan of the same:
Fig. 5 is a side view and Fig. 6 a plan of a part of the coupling for inserting
within said nut.
The screwed end c is connected with a stand or other pipe, and a pipe or hose is
placed on the end d. In the drawing the coupling is shown united which is effected
by placing the end of the nipple d into the seating al: the ferrule e sliding on
the nipple d is then inserted in the coupling nut g, the projections e¹, e³, and being
passed through the spaces y', g2 and y³ in the nut g and resting on or against the
shoulder d' of the nipple d: the coupling nut g is then turned when the projections 9,9°,
and 9 will come over the aforesaid projections e¹, e² and e³, but will be prevented
from passing beyond them by the stud f¹ that is fitted on the internal surface of
the nut g which will come in contact with one or other of the projections ele² or e³.
The nut g is then further turned or screwed on to the part a, the ferrule e being
thereby also turned until the projections 998 and 9 press on the projections e¹, e²,
and e, which in their turn press on the shoulder d' causing the end 6 of the nipple d
to fit firmly in the seating a¹.
When it is required to disconnect the pipes, the nut g is slackened but the
ferrule e not turning with it, the projections e', e², and e³ are disengaged, and the
ferrule c can be withdrawn, at the same time releasing the nipple d.
Fig. 7 on the drawing shows a longitudinal section, Fig. 8 a transverse section
through AA and Fig. 9, an end view of a modification of our invention: Fig. 10
is a side view of the coupling nut for the same: The part e' of the coupling nut e
is passed through the ring g, the projecting portion e resting against the internal
ring g' in the ring 9. Spring catches 1, 12, 13, are placed in recesses within a ring f
which is placed on over the smaller end e² of the nut e and screwed into the ring g
thereby retaining said spring catches between the inner surface of the ring f and
the face of the nute: openings e³, e', e, are formed in said nut through which the
spring catches 1, 12, 13, may fall and engage with the groove c' in the nipple c.
When the nut e is tightened by being turned on the screwed end d' of the nippled,
the seating a¹ of the nipple d and the end 6 of the nipple c are drawn closely

page_text: together forming a perfect joint. A packing may be introduced if preferred
between the end of the nipple and the aforesaid seating.
When it is required to disconnect the nipples d and c the nut is turned back when
the spring catches 1, 12, 13, will be raised from the groove c' by passing up the
inclined surfaces that are formed at one end of each of the openings e³, et, e³,
thereby releasing the nipple c which may then be withdrawn.
In a modification of our invention shown partly in section in Fig. 11 we cause
the spring catches to he retained in the groove c' of the nipple c by means of a
coil spring as j, the ends of the nipples c and d being drawn closely together by the
nute in the manner herein before described. The nipple c may be released by
lifting the catches either by raising the caps n or by means of inclined surfaces
within the nut e.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is :-
1st. In couplings or unions that are employed for connecting pipes or tubes the
use of a coupling nut in which are projections as 9, 9, 96, in combination with a
ferrule as e and a nipple as d said projections engaging with the nipple or being
released therefrom by the turning of the coupling nut in the manner and for the
purpose substantially as herein before described.
2nd. In couplings or unions that are employed for connecting pipes or tubes the
combination and use of a coupling nut as g and spring projections as 11, 12, 13, either
as in Figs. 8 or 11, that are caused to engage with the nipple or to be released
therefrom by the turning of the coupling nut in the manner and for the purpose
substantially as herein before described.
3rd. In couplings or unions that are employed for connecting pipes or tubes, the
combination of a coupling nut catches, and nipples, substantially as and for the
purposes hereinbefore described and as shown on the drawings.
Dated this 29th day of March 1895.
THOMAS PRESCOTT,
53, Arcade Chambers, St. Mary's Gate, Manchester,
Agent for Applicants.