Improvements in or connected with Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Mar., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 28th Dec., 1898-Accepted, 25th Mar., 1899
!
.1. 1.
1
Improvements in or connected with Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels
of Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
I, ASPLAN BELDAM, of The Lodge, Acton, London, W., Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to .pueumatic tyres of velocipede and other wheels,
and, more particularly, to the kind of such tyres wherein the whole tyre is
comprised of a plurality of tubes or separate parts.
In a pneumatic tyre of the kind referred to according to this invention, there
is employed an outer part or tube, on which the tyre normally runs, the outer
edge or part of which constitutes the tread of the tyre; and in connection with
this outer part, there is employed an inner or, lower tube, partly within the
rim, but extending beyond or above the rim edge to a substantial extent; and
this outer part, in conjunction with the inner part, will, when inflated, form the
outer tyre and will constitute an air tight tube; that is to say, in conjunction
with the lower or inner tube will form an air space which will be air tight.
When the tyre, that is the outer part, becomes punctured, and the air within
the space enclosed by it, escapes, the inner tube will form a support or secondary
tyre, containing air under pressure, on which the cycle may be run or ridden;
that is, in the case of puncture, the outer part may collapse and rest on the
inner tube, which being within, and extending up within the outer cover-say
for the greater part of the distance which the outer tyre or cover extends above
the edge, will rest on the inner tyre; and it will form a protection against
puncture of this inner tube or tyre, thus rendering it unnecessary to repair the
tyre when it first becomes punctured, and enabling the rider to proceed without
stoppage.
2"
Under this invention, the outer part forming the main tyre, under one con-
struction, is connected with, that is, in one with, the inner tube on one side;
and at the other side is detachably connected to the inner tube, or fastened by
a groove or grooves, or projection or projections, of a suitable form, on or attached
to the inner tube at any suitable part of the circle, and so arranged, that when
the inner tube is inflated, the detachable or loose end is made tight with the
tube, and makes the outer space of the tyre an air tight space, which, when
filled with air under pressure, constitutes the outer tube forming the main tyre.
By this construction or arrangement, the tyre can be made to suit any rim, with-,
out alterations, and does not require, necessarily, rims of any special section.
In connection with tyres of the kind specified, as a means of inflating them,
a small tube is provided through the inner tube, through which this inflation
is effected. This tube extends across the inner tube, and may be straight, or
arranged and attached in a slack or curved form, so that when the inner tube
is inflated, the, transverse tube is not stretched or strained. By means of this
tube, the outer tube or tyre can be readily inflated.

page_text: As a modification of the construction of inner and outer tubes described, in
lieu of one edge of the outer tube being permanently fastened to the inner tube,
the detachable connection or fastening specified, may be employed at each side
of the tyre, in which case, the attachments at both sides become air tight when
the inner tube is inflated, the point of fastening or attachment being within the
edge of the rim.
The construction of the attachment or fastening parts, between the outer
cover or tube, and the inner tube, may consist of an external ridge on the inner
tube, and an internal corresponding projection or ledge, adapted to engage with
the former on the cover, and extending all round. Or, in another case, the inner
tube may be provided with a groove of any suitable form (which may vary),
in which an internal ledge, hook, or the like, on the edge of the cover will fit,
and by which the engagement of the two parts, and the air tight joint, is effected.
In another case, the loose edge of the cover fits in between the inner tube and
the rim, and is held in position by the inflation of the inner tube.
According to a modification under this invention, in the case of a tyre having
the outer and inner parts or tubes, and with one edge of the outside part or
cover free, the free edge is provided with an external hook, projection, or the
like, fitting into an inturned edge of the rim, which is specially made to suit
this construction of tyre.
In a modification of the construction last described, the cover or outer part
at each edge is detached from the inner tube, and is provided with a hook, or
like projection, or its equivalent; whilst, the rim is provided with an internal
projection or a hook with which the projection on the cover engages; and so
both edges are held by the rim, while the air tight joint between the two parts
of the tyre is effected by the pressure of air within the inner tube, forcing it
up to the outer tyre or cover. Or, the two parts may be permanently connected
as and held in the rim as described. In other respects, the characteristics regarding
the relative arrangement and construction of the inner and outer parts, and
the means of inflation of the outer air space will be the same, or substantially
the same, as above described.
With regard to the inflation, the, transverse inflation tube, continuous with,
the inner tube, as described, effects the inflation of the outer tyre; while the
inner tube or tyre is separately inflated, so that the connection with each is
kept entirely separate. These tyres can be inflated by means of one valve, of
suitable construction, or by separate valves.
According to a further part under this invention, to prevent slipping of the
tyre, on the road surface, the outer surface is provided with small knobs, placed
in zigzag or irregular arrangement upon the outside of the cover at the tread.
By this form of non-slipping construction of tyre, higher obstacles in the road,
such as tramway lines, etcetera, are readily mounted, and skidding or side slipping
prevented.
Dal
1
improvements in or connected with Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels
of Velocipedes and other Vehicles.
I, ASPLAN BELDAM, of The Lodge, Acton, London, W., Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-

page_text: formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement;-
This invention has reference to pneumatic tyres of velocipede and other wheels,
and, more particularly, to the kind of such tyres wherein the whole tyre is
comprised of a plurality of tubes or separate parts.
In a pneumatic tyre of the kind referred to, according to this invention, there
is employed an outer part or tube, on which the tyre normally runs, the outer
edge or part of which constitutes the tread of the tyre; and in connection with
this outer part, there is employed. an inner or lower tube, partly within the
rim, but extending beyond or above the rim edge to a substantial extent; and
this outer part, in conjunction with the inner part, will, when inflated, form the
outer tyre, and will constitute an air tight tube; that is to say, in conjunction
with the lower or inner tube will form an air space which will be air tight.
When the tyre, that is the outer part, becomes punctured, and the air, within
the space enclosed by it, escapes, the inner tube will form a support or secondary
tyre, containing air under pressure, on which the cycle may be run or ridden;
that is, in the case of puncture, the outer part may collapse and rest on the
inner tube, which being within, and extending up within the outer cover-say
for the greater part of the distance which the outer tyre or cover extends above
the edge, will rest on the inner tyre; and it will form a protection against
puncture of this inner tube or tyre, thus rendering it unnecessary to repair the
tyre when it first becomes punctured, and enabling the rider to proceed without
stoppage.
Under this invention, the outer part forming the main tyre, under one con-
struction, is connected with, that is, in one with, the inner tube on one side;
and at the other side is detachably connected to the inner tube, or fastened by
a groove or grooves or projection or projections, of a suitable form, on or attached
to the inner tube at any suitable part of the circle, and so arranged, that when
the inner tube is inflated, the detachable or loose end is made tight with the
tube, and makes the outer space of the tyre an air tight space, which, when
filled with air under pressure, constitutes the outer tube forming the main tyre.
By this construction or arrangement, the tyre can be made to suit any rim, with-
out alterations, and does not require, necessarily, rims of any special section.
In connection with tyres of the kind specified, as a means of inflating them;
a small tube is provided through the inner tube, through which this inflation
is effected. This tube extends across the inner tube, and may be straight, or
arranged and attached in a slack or curved form, so that when the inner tube
is inflated, the transverse tube is not stretched or strained. By means of this
tube, the outer tube or tyre can be readily inflated.
As a modification of the construction of inner and outer tubes described, in
lieu of one edge of the outer tube being permanently fastened to the inner tube,
the detachable connection or fastening specified, may be employed at each side
of the tyre, in which case, the attachments at both sides become air tight when'
the inner tube is inflated, the point of fastening or attachment being within the
edge of the rim.
The construction of the attachment or fastening parts, between the outer
cover or tube, and the inner tube, may consist of an external ridge on the inner
tube, and an internal corresponding projection or ledge, adapted to engage with
the former on the cover, and extending all round. Or, in another case, the inner
tube may be provided with a groove of any suitable form (which may vary),
in which an internal ledge, hook, or the like, on the edge of the cover will fit,
and by which the engagement of the two parts, and the air tight joint, is effected.
In another case, the loose edge of the cover fits in between the inner tube and
the rim, and is held in position by the inflation of the inner tube.
According to a modification under this invention, in the case of a tyre having
the outer and inner parts or tubes, and with one edge of the outside part or

page_text: cover free, the free edge is provided with an external hook, projection, or the
like, fitting into an inturned edge of the rim, which is specially made to suit
this construction of tyre.
In a modification of the construction last described, the cover or outer part
at each edge is detached from the inner tube, and is provided with a hook, or
like projection, or its equivalent; whilst the rim is provided with an internal
projection, or a hook, with which the projection on the cover engages; and so
both edges are held by the rim, while the air tight joint between the two parts
of the tyre is effected by the pressure of air within the inner tube, forcing it
up to the outer tyre or cover. Or, the two parts may be permanently connected and
held in the rim as described. In other respects, the characteristics regarding
the relative arrangement and construction of the inner and outer parts, and
the means of inflation of the outer air space will be the same, or substantially
the same, as above described.
With regard to the inflation, the transverse inflation tube, continuous with
the inner tube, as described, effects the inflation of the outer tyre; while the
inner tube or tyre is separately inflated, so that the connection with each is
kept entirely separate. These tyres can be inflated by means of one valve, of
suitable construction, or by separate valves.
According to a further part under this invention, to prevent slipping of the
tyre, on the road surface, the outer surface is provided with small knobs, placed
in zigzag or irregular arrangement upon the outside of the cover at the tread.
By this form of non-slipping construction of tyre, higher obstacles in the road,
such as tramway lines, etcetera, are readily mounted, and skidding or side slipping
prevented.
Various modifications of tyres having the characteristics above described, are
shewn in the accompanying drawings, and will now be described in the order of
the numerals with which they are marked.
In the description of the various views, the same letters and figures of refer-
ence will be used to denote the same or equivalent parts wherever they occur.
Referring to Figure 1, a is the outer part, and 6 the inner tube or part;
and is the rim. The inner tube 6 extends up within the tyre a substantial
distance above the rim; and the outer part is detachably connected to the inner
tube or part by an inwardly projecting rib or part a¹ at each edge, which engages
with the outwardly projecting part or rib bat each side of the tube b. These
parts as shewn in the drawings, lie within the lining or outer edge of the rim.
dis the small inflating tube, which passes through the tube b, and by means
of which the space between a and b is inflated with air; this tube, d being prefer-
ably curved as shewn, and air tight joints made between it and the tube b.
The tube is made of such a length that it does not come under tension when
the tube b is inflated. This tube is shewn curved in the drawing which illus-
trates this feature.
In the modification shewn in Figure 2, the inwardly projecting part or riba¹,
of the outer part a, fits in a groove between, within the outwardly projecting
part or rib b of the tube b; and the bottom, 2, of the tube which is shewn
made of extra thickness; and these parts lie upon the bottom part of the rim ;
as shewn.
Figure 3 shews a modification of the same kind of tyre as shewn in Figure 1,
wherein the part a¹ of a is wedge shaped, fitting in a corresponding groove
formed between the outwardly projecting parts 61 62 of b. In this case, also, the
inflated tube d is shewn with a bend or curvature in it to prevent it being
stretched.
In all these cases, when the tube b, and the space between b and a, are in-
flated, the pressure of air within 6 will make the connection between a and b
such that they will not become detached, even if the air escapes from the space
between a and b, and it becomes deflated by the puncture of a. These connec-
tions or joints also make the joint between the parts a and b air tight.

page_text: As a modification of these three tyres shewn, the outer part a has a detach-
able connection with b only at one side, the other side being permanently
attached to it.
Figure 4 shews a modification in which one edge of the outer part a, namely,
at a, is permanently attached to b; whilst the other edge is passed in be-
tween and the rim c, say up to or past the centre thereof. The air tight joints
of this interfolded edge, with b, is effected by the pressure of air within b, press-
ing it onto the inside surface of this inter-folded Hap of a: besides this, it also
makes the air tight joint between a and b.
The modification shewn in Figure 5 is substantially similar to that shewn in
Figure 1, but on the outer part of the inner tube b, there is a special piece 63,
which offers further protection against puncture of the tube b, in case the outer
part is pierced; and the inner edges of this part 63, constitute the outward pro-
jections against which the inward projections or ribs of the outer part a
come; and with which they engage, and make an air tight joint and hold the
cover a in the rim.
It may be here stated with regard to these different parts-both the inner
part or tube, and the outer part that canvas or textile material may be com-
bined with them, or used in or on them to preserve their sizes and formations
and give strength, as may be desired or necessary.
In the modification shewn in Figure 6, the parts a¹ and 61 of the outer part a
and inner tube b, respectively, are in bulbous form, in lieu of angular form as
shewn in the previous views.
In the modification shewn in Figure 7, the tyre consisting of the outer part a
and the inner tube b are made in one part, that is, both edges of a are per-
manently attached to b; while the rim e is provided at its edges with internal
hooks cat each edge, which engage with external ridges or projecting parts a¹
on the tyre.
Figure 8 shews a modification of the construction shewn in Figure 7, in which
the outer part a is provided at each edge with an external hooked projection a
which engage with the externally turned-in edges or hooks c¹ of the rim c.
As a modification of this, one edge of a might be permanently attached to b,
and the other edge detached.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A pneumatic tyre for vehicle wheels, consisting of an inner tube, and an
outer part connected with this inner tube at its edges, the periphery of the inner
tube projecting outside the rim a substantial proportion of the outward projec-
tion of the whole tyre, and at the same time being disposed some distance away
from the inner surface of the outer part, and the spaces between these parts, and
the space within the inner tube being separately charged with air; substan-
tially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. A pneumatic tyre of the kind herein described, in which the outer part is
connected with the inner tube, and the tyre as a whole is held in the rim, as
herein set forth and shewn in the drawings.
3. The tyres having the parts constructed and arranged, and adapted to act,
particularly as set forth with reference to and shewn in the different modifica-
tions given in the drawings.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicant's Patent Agents, 15, Water Street, Liverpool.