PRESSURE REGULATING GAS BURNERS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Walter William Wynne, of 40, Chancery Lane, in the
$8
County of Middlesex, Solicitor of the Supreme Court, for an Invention of
PRESSURE REGULATING GAS BURNERS." A communication from John
Niles Chamberlain, Mechanical Engineer, of Springfield, County of Hampden,
State of Massachusetts, and Abner Wheelock Rice, of Hudson, Columbia
Counter and State of Na VAL in the Timited Citor of A.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Walter William Wynne at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th January 1881.
WALTER WILLIAM WYNNE, of 40, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Solicitor of the Supreme Court. "PRESSURE REGULATING GAS BURNERS."
A communication from John Niles Chamberlain, Mechanical Engineer, of
Springfield, County of Hampden, State of Massachusetts, and Abner Wheelock Rice,
of Hudson, Columbia County, and State of New York, in the United States of
America.
The object of this Invention is the construction of a gas burner which operates
automatically to allow a given number of cubic feet of gas to pass through it each
hour uninfluenced by any variations of pressure in the gas mains or supply pipes
to cause the quantity of gas passing through it to vary to any considerable
degree.
In the Drawing, which consists of one Figure, A is the burner case made in
three sections and screwed together, as shown, said sections being numbered
respectively. 1, 2, 3. Section 1 of the case has the inlet 4 formed in the bottom
thereof, and across said inlet is fixed a metallic dust screen 5, and above said
screen a gas passage 6 is formed, which is of smaller diameter immediately above
the screen than it is above that point as shown.
A main gas chamber a, a, is formed in the interior of the case, sections 1, 2, at
the base of which is a centrally located tubular projection c, and an outlet gas
passage i is provided from chamber a running vertically a short distance, as shown,
and leading into horizontal gas passages i, 2, which discharge the gas under a
cup 7 between the sides of the latter and the inner vertical sides of section 3 of the
case; said cup 7 is formed upon the upper portion of section 2; and its exterior
diameter is largest at its base, and as the walls of section 2 run vertically the space
between said cup and said walls is of increasing width around the base of said cup

page_text: to its upper edge. The upper edge of cup 7 stands somewhat below the upper
end of the chamber in section 3 to allow a gas passage there-between, and the
upper portion of section 3 is formed to receive the burner tip b, the lower end of
which projects downwards into cup 7, as shown, below its upper edge.
Arranged to fit loosely in chamber a is a disk e having a vertical tube o passing
up through its centre, said disk and tube being attached together and adapted to
have a vertical simultaneous movement and within chamber a as hereinafter
described. The said tube o has a flange s on its lower end of slightly less diameter
than that of the gas passage 6, and when said tube and disk are in a state of rest
as seen in the Drawing, they drop down, causing said flange to bear upon a
shoulder around the lower part of passage 6, and leaving its lower end freely open
above screen 5 to receive gas that may enter through passage. 4. Tube o has a
hole in its side near its lower end, and a second one z in its side above disk e;
the upper end of tube o is closed over as shown, and said closed end is exteriorly
of a convex form, and is adapted to fit against that portion of section 2 of the case
which surrounds the lower end of passage i, the borders of which are formed, as
shown, to correspond to said convex form of the top end of tube o; through the
aforesaid upper end of tube o is pierced a hole n, opening a gas passage directly
from the interior of said tube into the gas passage i, and said hole n is of less
diameter than that of hole z.
.
The operation of my burner is as follows:- ·
When gas is permitted to flow through the burner as is usual when it is to be
lighted it first encounters the screen 5, which is of sufficient fineness to cause any
particles of dust, which might otherwise, be carried into the burner, to be arrested
at that point, so that they may not obstruct the proper operation of it or adhere
to the gas-tip and interfere with the evenness of the flame.
The main gas flow is up into tube o, out through hole x therein into passage 6,
and thence up and out under disk e into the lower part of chamber a, a portion of
which passes up between the border of disk e and the adjacent walls of chamber a,
and other currents flow, through hole z in tube o and through hole n in the top of
said tube; the hole z in tube o is the one through which the main flow of gas
to the burner tip passes, and its diameter determines the number of cubic feet
which the burner will consume each hour.
The hole n in the top of tube;o provides for a certain degree of regular gas flow,
regulated according to the normal degree of burning pressure in the mains, and
operates in case, of a sudden increase of pressure above the normal one to discharge
a sufficient amount of gas into passage i, and thence towards the burner-tip to
regulate the pressure under said tip.
The effect upon the gas between the entrance to passage i and the discharge
opening in the burner tip of a sudden increase, of the burning pressure is to cause
disk e to lift quickly up, carrying the end of tube o up against the entrance to
passage iso closely as to partly cut off the flow of gas by the end of said tube, and
for the instant to cause 'the light to be variable, but by allowing a slight supply to
escape through hole n the above effect is counteracted, and disk e and tube o quickly
return to their normal burning position.
- It will be seen that the size of hole x in tube ó is of such a size as to permit an
over-supply of gas for the burner to pass under disk e, while much less escapes
through holes and n; thus the pressure of the gas in chamber a under diske is
greater than it is above it, and said disk, though adapted to be moved upward by
the gas current, is so fitted in chamber a as to permit a certain flow of gas upward
around its border, and said last named flow, together with that passing through
holes and, constitute the whole flow to the tip, and go to make up the
number of cubic feet burned each hour,. the quantity being established by the size
of hole z.
Thus, when the aforesaid adjustments have been made, disk e will when the
burner is lighted lift up, guided by the flange on tube o and by the sides of
chamber a, and carry the upper end of tube o within such a distance from the

page_text: entrance of passage i as to form an opening there, between which will allow a
certain quantity of gas to flow at a stated pressure, and if the latter increases or
diminishes, said opening is increased or lessened by the upward and downward
movement of disk e and tube o, and the flow of gas to the tip is caused to be
regular.
The heretofore described construction of cup 7, and the interior walls of section 3,
and the gas passages i¹, 22, result in the following advantages
:―
Instead of allowing passage i to conduct the gas directly up to the burner-tip b,
it is by the cross passages i¹, 2, caused to flow at right angles to passage i after
passing through the latter against the inner walls of section 3 of the case, whence
it flows upward between them, and the outside of cup 7 strikes the top of the
chamber in section 3 over said cup, passes downward into the latter, and finally
enters the burner-tip.
After the burner has been lighted for a short time the heat from the flame is
communicated to the tip, and thence to the upper portion of section 3, said heat
being more intense in that part of said section which comes in contact with the
burner-tip. It will be observed that the space between cup 7 and the adjacent
walls of section 3 grows wider from the bottom of said cup upward.
The effect produced upon the gas by the above-described construction is to cause
it to become gradually expanded by its contact with the said heated part, and thus
increase its volume and increase its lighting effect, and the increasing width of its
passage up outside of cup 7 accommodates its increased volume, so that its flow is
steady, and since it is compelled to flow against the hottest part (the top) of
section 3 it is, so far as its expansion is concerned, consumed under the most
favorable conditions.
The cup 7 is formed of considerable depth in order to form a suitable receptacle
for any drip that may accumulate in tip b, which may be removed by removing the
tip, or by unscrewing section 3 from section 2, when gas-passages i' and i, may
also be cleaned if need be.
What I claim as my Invention is,―
1. In a gas burner the freely acting disk e and the tube o operating in and
surrounded by a flowing volume of gas by varying pressure, substantially as set
forth.
2. The case A provided with the gas passages 6,2, 1, 2, the cup 7, and the
chamber a in combination with the tube o provided with the holes, z, n, and
having the disk e attached thereto, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3. The case A, consisting of the sections 1, 2, 3, and having the screen 5 secured
across its inlet passage 4, substantially as described and shown.
4. The case A provided with chamber a in combination with the disk e and
tube o, said tubes having holes x, 2, n, pierced therein, said disk and tube being
secured one to the other, and adapted to operate within said chamber a and within
the gas-current therein, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5. The case A, having vertical interior walls in section 3 thereof, and having
formed therein the horizontal gas-passages i¹, 2, above the vertical gas-passage i,
and the cup 7 of a less exterior diameter at its top than at its base, substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
6. The case A provided with the cup 7 located directly under the burner-tip b,
and adapted to catch the drip therefrom, substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I hereunder set my hand and seal, this 28th day of
January, One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.