IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN PARTS OF THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN THE ROVING AND SPINNING OF COTTON AND WOOL
Year: 1818

page_text: EATON'S SPECIFICATION.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EATON, of Wiln Mills, in the County of Derby, Cotton Spinner, send
greeting,
WHEREAS I did by petition humbly represent to His present Majesty
King George the Third, that I had invented "IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN PARTS
OF THE MACHINERY EMPLOYED IN THE ROVING AND SPINNING OF COTTON AND
WOOL," His Majesty was graciously pleased to issue His Letters Patent
under the Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster the 18th
day of June, in the fifty-eighth year of His reign, which Letters Patent do
give and grant to me, the said William Eaton, and to my exors, admors,
and assigns, or to my or their servants or agents, His especial licence to make,
use, exercise, and vend my said Invention within England, Wales, and the
Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and to have and enjoy the whole profit and
advantage arising by reason of the said Invention, during the term of fourteen
years from the date of the said Letters Patent; His said Majesty also requires
and strictly commands all his subjects whatever, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, that during the continuance of the said term
of fourteen years they shall not, either directly or indirectly, make, use, or put
in practice my said Invention, or any part of it, or in any way counterfeit,
imitate, or resemble the same. The said Letters Patent also contain a proviso
obliging me, the said William Eaton, to particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and cause

page_text: the same to be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within
six calendar months after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that in fulfilment of the said proviso, I, the said
William Eaton, have executed this instrument for a Specification of my
Invention.
My improvements appertain to those parts of the machinery for roving and
spinning cotton and wool which are called stretchers or stretching frames and
mules. In these the fibres of cotton or wool are twisted or spun into rovings or
threads by the rotative motion of the spindles, without bobbins or flyers, and as
fast as the threads or rovings are formed the frame or carriage in which the
spindles are placed withdraws or retreats from the rollers which supply the
fibres of cotton or wool, so as to extend the rovings or threads as fast as they
are produced; but when a certain portion or length (called a stretch) of each
roving or thread is twisted or spun, the further twisting or spinning must be
discontinued whilst the finished portion or stretch is wound or lapped round
spindles in form of balls or cops; therefore, the operation of roving or spinning
by such machines is not perpetual, but must be suspended between every
stretch whilst the portions which are already twisted or spun are wound up.
The stretching frames and mules in common use perform the twisting and
drawing out of the rovings or threads by their machinery alone, without any
assistance or direction from the spinner; but in order to wind or lap up the
rovings or threads in balls or cops the machine must be moved, guided, or
directed by the hands of the spinner. My improvements being adapted to
these parts of the machinery which affect the winding up of the rovings or
threads in balls or cops, will perform such winding up without any assistance
or guidance from the spinner.
A stretching frame and a mule with my improvements are represented in
the Thirteen Sheets of Drawings hereunto annexed. The letters of the
alphabet are used for reference to those parts which are in common use,
and numerals or figures are used for reference to the additional parts in which
my improvements consist.
DESCRIPTION OF THE STRETCHING FRAME AND MULE AS THEY ARE COM-
MONLY USED. Note, this refers to all the Drawings, except Sheets 5, 6,
7, and 8, and 11, 12, & 13.
A, the great wheel, with a band a, to turn the counter pulley b. B, the live
and C the dead pulley, to receive the main strap d, which also passes round
the upper drum D. D, the upper drum, which is turned by the power of the

page_text: d either on the live pulley B, or dead pulley C, to put the great wheel A in
motion, or to stop it, as is required. F, the stopping rail, connected with one
end of E. G, G, the carriage containing the spindles; it runs on railways
with wheels g, g, so as to recede from or approach to the rollers N, which
deliver out the fibres of cotton or wool to be twisted or spun by the spindles.
H, H, the spindles, which turn with a rapid motion; they twist or spin the
fibres into rovings or threads whilst the carriage G is receding from the rollers
N, and afterwards wind up the said rovings or threads in balls or cops as the
carriage returns towards the rollers. f, the faller wire, which distributes the
rovings or threads on the cops in winding up. I, the axis of the faller and
handle which the spinner holds in one hand. k, Figures 1 and 6, a balance
wire, which is usually employed in mules, and may be used in stretchers; it is
attached to the ends of levers situated at the back of the carriage; the wire
is kept up by counterpoises to balance and bear up the roving or thread. J,
the drums which give motion to the spindles by small bands. k, the band,
which give motion to the drums J; it is conducted round the pulley K at the
end of the carriage to lead it to the counter pulley L, which gives it motion.
K, end pulley to conduct the band. L, counter pulley which gives motion to
the band k. M, a pulley at the opposite end of the frame to extend the
band k.-Note, the band k passes round the counter pulley L, then round the
end pulley K, next round the different pulleys at the tops of the drums, then
returns round the pulley K, and proceeds round the pulley M, and returns to
the pulley L. By this band the motion of the wheel A is communicated from
the counter pulley L to the drums in the carriage, and is distributed by those
drums to the spindles. N, three pairs of rollers to draw and deliver out the
fibres of cotton or wool to the spindles which twist the same as fast as they issue
from between the rollers. n, bevelled wheels turning the rollers from an inclined
axis O, which is turned by a bevilled wheel p, Fig. 1, fixed to the great
wheel. The wheels p are occasionally disengaged from each other to stop the
motion of the rollers; this is done by the levers g and r, which support and
regulate the upper end of the inclined axis O. S, a lever, which is pressed by
the carriage when it is run in, and by the connecting rod t draws the levers q
and to put the bevilled wheels p in gear.-Note, v is a catch, which holds
the levers on the rod t fast while the said wheels are in gear. (This catch is not
seen in the Drawings.) When the carriage is come out, a stop attached to it
ifts the said catch v, and the bevilled wheels p disengage themselves. Q, the
nendoza wheel, to draw the carriage out from the rollers N; it is worked
by a pinion fixed on the axis of the front roller. On the end of its axis is a
ulley P, to receive the mendoza band Q which is extended between this

page_text: pulley and a pulley R. The lower part of this band is attached to the carriage
which is thereby drawn out when the mendoza wheel turns; when the carriage
is quite out, the mendoza wheel O is disengaged from the pinion which turns
it. To effect this, the standard S, which supports the axis of the wheel,
moves upon a center of motion, and by the connection t with the lever s the 5
mendoza wheel is put in gear at the same time as the bevill wheels of the
rollers, viz., when the carriage gets in and the (before mentioned) catch v
holds it so until the carriage gets out. T, a lover on the axis X, to turn the
strap on the live pulley by the lever s and wire a, when the carriage runs in.
X, axis of the strap lever E. Y, lever on the axis X, which turns the strap
on the dead pulley when the carriage gets out.
OPERATION OF THE STRETCHING FRAME AND MULE AS THEY ARE IN
COMMON USE.
The endless strap d is kept in continual motion, but when it acts upon the
dead pulley C the machine will stand still. When the carriage is run in it
presses the lever s, and by the connection or lever x, turns the axis X of the
strap lever E so as to move the strap upon the live pulley B and put the
wheels and spindles in motion; also the lever s, by the connexion t, puts the
mendoza wheel O and the bevill wheels p in gear, the catch v holds them in.
The mendoza wheel, by its pulley P and mendoza band, runs the carriage out
from the rollers, whilst the bevilled wheels turn the rollers and deliver out the
fibres of cotton or wool nearly at the same rate as the carriage recedes from
the rollers, and the spindles H, being all the time in motion, give twist to the
said fibres as they come out from between the rollers. When the carriage
gets out it lifts the catch v and disengages the bevill wheels and mendoza wheel,
so that the rollers stop, and in the stretcher the out run of the carriage ceases
also, but at the instant before the carriage stops it presses against the lever
y, Fig. 3, at the bottom of the axis X, to turn the strap upon the dead
pulley C, and stops the motion of the machine. In the mule an additional
wheel is used to run the carriage out a little further after the rollers stop, also
the spindles continue to turn some time after the carriage is quite run out, as
will be hereafter explained. In either mule or stretcher the carriage must
be run in again to wind up the rovings or threads by the spinner, without any
assistance from the power of the mill, thus :-The spinner takes the handle of
the great wheel A in one hand, and the handle I of the faller in the other
he first turns the wheel the contrary way to that which it turns when spinning
or backwards a small quantity to unwind those turns which the rovings o
threads make round the tops or points of the spindle where they rise above the

page_text: cops; this motion is called backing off. At the same time he turns the faller
handle or axis I round so as to depress the faller wire f and bear down the
rovings or threads from the points of the spindles; and if there is a balance
wire to the machine it bears the rovings or threads upwards, so as to keep
them tight as they are backed off. The spinner then pushes the carriage
in with a nearly uniform motion. The spindles turn round by the same
motion and wind up the rovings or threads upon the spindles. The
spinner regulates the faller wire with one hand and the wheel with the
other, so as to wind up the threads or rovings just as fast as the
carriage runs, but no faster. At first he depresses the faller wire, as
before mentioned, and continues to do so till the rovings or threads
are borne down so as to wind upon the bottom parts of the cops; he then
raises the wire gradually in order to distribute the rovings or threads
properly up the length of the cops, at the same time he regulates the motion
of the spindles by the handle with the other hand to make them wind up the
rovings or threads at the same rate the carriage goes in, thereby keeping
the rovings or threads always to the proper degree of tension to wind up firm
cops without ever stretching or injuring them. By the time the carriage is
quite in and the rovings or threads wound up the spinner has raised the faller
wire quite above the points of the spindles; also the carriage presses the
levers to put the mendoza wheel and rollers in gear, and the machine is put
in motion as before. The spinner then lets go the handles and waits till the
carriage is come out, and then he must run it in again, as before.-Note, in
some mules for fine spinning the lever s does not cast the strap on the live
pulley, but the spinner does it by the stopping rail F; he can therefore take
the requisite time to piece the broken threads before he puts the machine in
motion. The mule differs from the stretching frame chiefly in the following
circumstances:-First, the carriage continues to run out with a slow motion,
after the motion of the rollers is stopped, by which means the threads situated
between the rollers and the spindles are stretched out or extended to a greater
ength. To produce the extension a small pinion is placed near the mendoza
wheel O, Fig. 19, Sheet 9, in such position that when the said wheel is with-
Irawn from its pinion on the front roller it will engage the teeth of the said
mall pinion. A pulley 7 is fixed to this pinion and is turned slowly by a cord
rom a small pulley on the axis of the great wheel, when the carriage is drawn
ut to the required distance, and lifts the catch v; the mendoza wheel retires
rom its pinion on the front roller, as before described, and falls into the pinion l,
which, being moved by the band from the great wheel, turns the mendoza
heel round and draws the carriage out very slowly. When the carriage is

page_text: quite run out the pinion is also withdrawn from the mendoza wheel; for this
purpose the standard i, which supports the axis of 1, is moveable on a centre
pin, but has an arm m projecting from it, which is held up by a catch w so
long as the pinion is required to work in the mendoza wheel; but when the
carriage is quite out it presses the lever y, and by the wire unhooks the 5
catch w, and then the pinion and wheel retire from the mendoza wheel.
The moveable standard S of the mendoza wheel O is connected with the
moveable standard i by a link; and when the mendoza wheel is thrown into
gear with its pinion on the front roller, this link moves the standard i, so that
its arm m will be engaged by the catch w, ready to act in the mendoza wheel
when required. Secondly, in the mule the motion of the great wheel and
spindles is continued for some time after the carriage is run quite out, in order
to give more twist to the threads. The main strap is shifted to the dead
pulley by means of a leaf Y on the axis of a wheel V, which is turned slowly
by a worm on the end of the axis of the great wheel, so that the said loaf
makes but one revolution during the time which is allotted for spinning and
winding up one stretch. The strap lever E, Fig. 19, is placed in a perpendi-
cular position, and its axis X extends horizontally towards the rollers. The
end T is bent so as to form a lever which is depressed by the arm x of a bent
lever attached to s, whereby the strap is thrown upon the live pulley when the
A weight =,
carriage runs in, and presses the lower end of the bent lever s.
and cord which acts over a pulley, tends to draw the strap back on the dead
pulley. A latch e is jointed to the strap lever E, and passes through a mortise
in the frame. The end of this latch projects through the mortise just above
the leaf Y of the worm-wheel V; the latch e has a tooth at the under side,
which catches on the edge of the mortise when the strap is on the live pulley
to prevent the weight z from acting until the leaf Y has completed its revolution
and raised the end of the latch e, so as to disengage its tooth; the weight
then draws the strap lever, and shifts the strap on the dead pulley to stop the
machine. Thirdly, in some mules the great wheel and spindles turn with greater
rapidity after the carriage is run quite out; these are called double speed.
A third pulley, called a double speed pulley, is fitted loosely upon the axis of
the great wheel at the side of the dead pulley, and is connected with the said
axis by four cog wheels, which communicate a double speed thereto; thus, at
the centre of this double-speed pulley is a cog wheel of 48 teeth to turn a wheel
of 36 teeth fixed on an axis beneath it. This axis passes through the standard
and has another cog wheel of 48 teeth fixed upon it on the outside of the
standard to turn a wheel of 36 teeth fixed on the axis of the great wheel
When the carriage is come quite out, the strap is shifted from the live pulley

page_text: across the dead pulley and on to the double-speed pulley; consequently the
great wheel begins to revolvo with an increased velocity until a sufficient
twist is given, and then the strap is shifted back to the dead pulley, and and
the motion ceases whilst the carriage is runs in. The strap lever is moved at
the proper intervals by leaves on the axis of a worm-wheel, which receives a
slow motion from a worm on the axis of a wheel which is turned by the
double-speed wheel of 36 teeth on the lower axis. A weight is applied over
a pulley to draw the strap lever always towards the said leaves.
across the dead pulley and on to the double-speed pulley; consequently the
great wheel begins to revolve with an increased velocity until a sufficient
twist is given, and then the strap is shifted back to the dead pulley, and and
the motion ceases whilst the carriage is runs in. The strap lever is moved at
the proper intervals by leaves on the axis of a worm-wheel, which receives a
slow motion from a worm on the axis of a wheel which is turned by the
double-speed wheel of 36 teeth on the lower axis. A weight is applied over
a pulley to draw the strap lever always towards the said leaves.
My improvents effect the winding up of the rovings or thread without
the aid of the spinner, and the parts of the machinery to which they are
applied are as follow:-
First, to the great wheel certain mechanism is applied to produce the reverse
motion of the spindles for backing off.
Second, to the mendoza wheel, or to some other part, additional motions
are applied to make the carriage run in.
Third, either to the great wheel or to the counter pulley certain mechanism
is applied to turn the spindles with the requisite variable motion to wind up
the rovings or threads.
Fourth, to the axis of the faller wire certain mechanism is applied to raise
and lower it, and distribute the rovings or threads upon the cops.-Note, the
backing-off movement acts independantly of the others, and at a time when all
other parts of the machine are idle; but the other three movements, viz., the
running in of the carriage, the government of the faller, and the winding up
of the spindles, must all act in concert, and must all be properly adapted to
each other in order to effect the winding up of the rovings or threads.
I have invented two different combinations of machinery to perform the above
operations, constituting two different improvements, which are as follows:-
DESCRIPTION OF THE FIRST IMPROVEMENT APPLIED TO A STRETCHING
FRAME. See Sheets 1 to 8.
Backing-off Movement.-Note, the parts belonging to this movement are
coloured brown in the Drawings. Sheets 1, 2, & 3. A cog wheel 1, of 62
teeth, is fitted loosely upon the axis of the great wheel, and by a train of
wheelwork it is made to revolve slowly thereupon in a direction contrary to
that in which the great wheel turns when spinning. Thus upon the center of
the dead pulley C a pinion 2, Figs. 1 & 3, of 18 teeth, is fixed; it turns a
wheel 3, of 32 teeth, on the axis of which is another pinion 4, of twelve
teeth; this, by means of two intermediate wheels 5, gives a reverse motion to

page_text: the loose wheel 1, at the rate of one turn for 91 turns of the dead pulley.
A cog wheel 6 is fixed fast on the opposite end of the axis of the great wheel, it
is of the same diameter as the loose wheel 1. The motion of the loose wheel
is occasionally communicated to the fast wheel (and thereby to the great
wheel A) by means of two toothed sectors 7, 7, which are both fixed on an
axis 8. If the sectors are raised up as in Fig. 3, their teeth will quit the
wheels; but if they are let down, their teeth will engage both the wheels
1 and 6. The sectors are raised up by a lever 9, 11; and a rod 10, which
11 is the curved
connects it with a lever on the axis 8 of the sectors.
extremity of the lever 9, which is raised up when the carriage runs in by the
pin 48, Fig. 3, fixed to the carriage, and the sectors are raised at the same
time. 12 is a catch, which holds up the lever 9, and also the sectors when
so raised. When the carriage is come out, and the main strap is turned upon
the dead pulley C, the motion of the machine ceases, and the reverse motion
of the loose wheel 1 begins. The catch 12 is then disengaged to let the
sectors drop into the teeth of the loose and fast wheels, in order to commu-
nicate a reverse motion to the great wheel A, and to the spindles; but, as
the backing-off movement must not begin to act until the motion of the
wheels and spindles is quite stopped, the catch 12 is released by a movement
which acts when the motion of the great wheel ceases, but cannot act before.
Thus a rachet wheel 13 is fitted on the spindle of the counter pulleys 6 and L,
and the hook 14 catches its teeth when the machine is to be stopped. The
rachet wheel being only fitted on the spindle by friction, it will slip round,
but with so much resistance that it very soon stops the machine. The hook
14 is poised on a centre pin in its middle, and so long as the extreme end is
sustained by the catch 15 the hook does not touch the teeth of the rachet;
but when the carriage gets quite out, a pin 48, fixed to it, strikes the upper
end of the catch 15, and releases the heavy end of the hook 14, which
descends, and the hook rises up to catch the teeth of the rachet wheel. The
centre pin of the hook 14 is fixed in a wheel 16, on which a cord is wrapped,
and a spring 16 attached. When the hook catches the rachet, it pulls the
wheel 16 round, and extends the spring a little, but the wheel 16 has stop
pins to limit the extension. A lever 17, which projects from the wheel 16,
intercepts one end of a bent lever 18, and the other arm thereof acts beneath
the tail of the catch 12. When the wheel 16 is pulled round by the hook 14
the end of 17 passes by the bent lever 18, without producing any effect on the
catch 12, but as soon as the motion of the machine is expended, the spring
draws the hook back and turns the wheel 16 back a small quantity; in this
motion the lever 17 strikes the end of the bent lever 18, and releases the
5

page_text: catch 12. The sectors 7, 7, then fall into the teeth of the wheels 1 and 6.
The wheel 1, which moves with a slow reverse motion, depresses that sector
with which it works. The other sector turns the fast wheel 6 and the great
wheel A backwards, and the spindles partake of the motion. Note, when the
sectors descend they raise up the wire 39 by means of the lever 38, and this
disengages the hook 14 from the ratchet ready for the machine to recom-
mence its motion. When the spindles have turned enough to effect the
backing off, the sectors are disengaged from the teeth of the wheels 1 and 6;
for this purpose the standards 19, which support the axis 8 of the sectors,
are moveable on an axis 20. A weight 21, affixed to this axis, tends always
to withdraw the sectors from the wheels; but when the sectors are at a
proper distance for the teeth to engage the wheels, the standards 19 are re-
tained by a stop pin, which projects sideways from the lower end of one of
them, and catches against the end of a stop lever 22. This lever is disen-
gaged by a roller 23, which is carried by a lever fixed to the axis of the sectors,
so that the roller descends with the sectors till it presses on the top of a stem 24,
which is fixed at the end of a lever 25; the opposite end of this lever is con-
nected by a link 26 with the lever 22, at the end opposite to that which
stops the moveable standards 19. When the roller 23 touches and depresses
the stem 24 and lever 25, the connecting link 26 causes the stop end of the
lever 22 to descend also; this releases the lower end of the standards 19, the
weight 21 withdraws the sectors from the wheels, and the backing-off motion
ceases. To restore the sectors to the proper position to repeat their action, a
lever 27 is affixed to the axis of the moveable standards 19, as is shewn by the
dotted lines, Fig. 3. From this a rod 28 is extended to a curved lever 29.
When the carriage is nearly run in, the pin 48 raises the curved end of the
lever 29, and pushes the rod 28 until it brings the axis 8 of the sectors to the
proper distance from the wheels. The lever 22 then catches and retains the
standards 19 in this position until the sectors are required to repeat their action.
The intention of backing off is to unwind so much of the rovings as are wound
about those parts of the spindles which rise above the cops. The quantity of
reverse motion must, therefore, be proportioned to the number of turns which
the rovings make round such parts of the spindles. When the cops are first
began upon the spindles they are short, so that the upper ends of the spindles
rise some height above the cops. But as the cops augment in size and height
the spindles will not rise so high above the cops, and the number of turns which
the rovings will make round them will also become less, and consequently the
backing-off motion must be diminished at every succeeding stretch. For this
purpose the center pin or fulcrum of the lever 25 is fixed in a long lever 30, of

page_text: which the centre is immediately behind the top joint of the link 26. The tail
or extremity of the lever 30 enters into a spiral groove 31, formed round the
Thus the
cylindar, which revolves slowly by means of a train of wheelwork.
bevilled wheel 32, of 42 teeth, on the axis of the cylindar, is turned by a pinion 33,
of 20 teeth, upon an borizontal axis, which has a wheel 84, of 80 teeth, is turned 5
by a worm 35 upon the perpendicular axis 36. The latter receives motion by a
wheel 87, of 56 teeth, from a worm upon the end of the axis of the front roller.
The spiral groove 31, by its motion, depresses the end of the lever 30. This
elevates the center pin of the lever 25, and likewise the stem 24, which is fixed
to the end of the lever 25. The top of the stem 24 being thereby placed lower 1
or higher, the backing off will continue for a greater or less extent, because the
sectors are disengaged and the backing off stopped as soon as the roller 23
comes to bear on the top of the stem 24. 38 is a lever connected by a wire with
the backing-off sector 7. The axis of 38 extends across the frame, and another
lever proceeds from it in an opposite direction. To this the wire 39 is attached,
to raise up the loaded end of the hook 14, when the sectors 7 descend; there
is also another arm fixed on the axis of 38, as shewn by 38, in Fig. 6. It
puts the faller wiro in action, as will be hereafter explained. 40, Fig. 2, is a
perpendicular stem fixed at the extremity of the lever 30, and stands up closo
to the stem 24 to support the sectors 7 when they are disengaged from the
wheels.
Movements to run in the Carriage, coloured blue in the Drawings.-To effect
this the mendoza wheel O is turned the reverse way by a pinion 41, of 18 tecth.
The standards 42, Fig. 3, which support the axis of the pinion, are moveable on
centers at their lower ends. When the backing-off' sectors 7 are disengaged,
the extremity of the rod 28 pushes against the standard 42, and throws the
pinion 41 into the teeth of the mendoza wheel. A latch 43, which is jointed
whilst
to the standard S, catches the standard 42, and keeps the pinion in gear
the carriage is running in; but when the carriage gets quite in, a stop fixed to
it lifts up a lever 44, and, by a crooked arm 45, raises the latch 43, and dis-
engages the pinion 41 from the mendoza wheel. The pinion 41 is turned by
a pulley 46 fixed upon its axis, which receives a strap from another pulley 47
at the top of the machine. This has a cog wheel of 62 teeth fixed to it, and is
turned by a pinion of 21 teeth on the axis of the upper cone 52. The cone
receives motion by a strap 51, from a drum 50, fixed upon the axis of the
pulley D, which gives motion to the whole machine.
Machinery to turn the Spindles with a variable Motion, and wind up the
Rovings on the Cops.-The parts are coloured yellow and orange in the
Drawings. Note, as mules and stretchers are commonly worked, if the great

page_text: wheel is held still whilst the carriage is run in, the spindles are turned round
and wind up the rovings or threads. When this machinery is applied to a
stretching frame, either the band k must be carried round the inside of the
end pulley K. (as shewn in Figure 1), or the band between the end pulley K
and the first drum J must be crossed. Therefore, if the great wheel were held
still whilst the carriage is run in, the spindles would turn the reverse way, so
as to unwind the rovings from the cops; but the wheel does not stand still, for
the machinery gives so much motion to it whilst the carriage runs in as to
turn the spindles round and wind up the rovings. Figure 3 shews that the
band a from the great wheel to the counter pulley b is not crossed, and W is a
pulley to stretch the band. A drum 50, of 20 inches diameter, is fixed on
the upper axis at the side of the pulley D, and by an endless strap 51 it
turns fast and loose pulleys of four inches diameter on the end of the axis of
the upper cone 52. When the strap 51 runs on the fast pulley, it turns the
cone; but if the strap is shifted on the loose pulley, the cone stops. The lower
cone 53 is the same size as the upper one, and is turned by an endless strap,
54, which passes round both cones. The large end of one cone is placed
over the small end of the other, as shewn in Figure 4, and the strap 54 can
be made to work upon any required part of the cones, so as to vary the speed
of the lower cones by the strap conductor 55, which has two prongs and loops
to guide the strap; when the strap works on the large end of the upper
cone, it will be on the small end of the lower cone, and consequently the lower
cone will be turned quicker than the upper; or, if the strap is conducted to the
small end of the upper cone, it will be at the large end of the lower cone, and
will turn the same more slowly than the upper cone. The motion of the
lower cone is communicated to the great wheel A, by the following wheelwork
Figs. 1 & 3-On the end of the axis of the lower cone is a pinion 56, of 12
teeth, to turn the bevilled wheel 57, of 56 teeth, which is fixed at one end of
an inclined axis; and at the other end is a bevilled wheel 58 to give motion to
another equal bevilled wheel 59, fixed on one end of an axis which at the
opposite end has a pinion 60, of 28 teeth, to turn the large cog wheel 61, of
188 teeth, on the axis of the great wheel A. These bands, cones, wheels, and
pinions transmit the motion of the large drum 50 to the great wheel, and
therefrom by the band k to the drums and spindles; but the motion so trans-
mitted is rendered variable, according as the shape of the cop requires, by the
following mechanism for shifting the strap 54 upon the cones:-The strap
conductor 55 is affixed to a slider 62 (Figure 4) which moves endways
through sockets fixed to the frame, and provided with rollers to make it move
easily). The slider is moved by a lever 63, of which the fulcrum or center

page_text: pin 64 is supported by the frame, and the lever carries a roller 65, Figures
5 & 10, which bears against the surface of the spiral fusee 66. The fusee
is mounted on a vertical axis 67, and is turned round by a large pulley 68,
which has two grooves in it of 17 inches diameter, and cords proceed from
them in opposite directions to the pullies 69, 69, Fig. 3; the ends of the cords
are fastened to the carriage, which therefore turns the pulley 68 and fusee 66,
first in one direction and then in the other, according as the carriage runs in
or out. The horizontal section of the fusce 66 is spiral, as shewn in Figure 10,
Sheet 6; and during the rotation of the fusee the lever 63 is moved on its
center pin 64 by the roller 65 bearing against the surface of the fusee. The
extremity of the lever 63 enters into a mortice in the slider 62, and a cord
proceeds from the slider over a pulley 71 to a loaded lever 70, which urges
the slider and keeps the roller 65 always in contact with the surface of the
fusee. The figure of the fusee is such, that when it is turned round by the
running in of the carriage, it will traverse the strap upon the cones and vary
the motion of the spindles in proportion to the size of those parts of the cops
on which the rovings wind up; the rovings are thereby wound up just as fast
as the carriage runs in, but no more; for instance, when the carriage is quite
out and first begins to run in, the rovings must wind round the tops or
smallest part of the cops, which are supposed to be of a conical form, as
Figuro 6, Sheet 4; in this case a prominent part of the spiral acts on the
roller, as shewn in Figure 10, Sheet 6, and places the strap near the large
end of the upper cone and the small end of the lower conc, consequently the
spindles turn round with quick motion. As the carriage runs in the faller
wire is put down (as will be hereafter described), and carries the rovings
towards the lower parts of the cops, where they are of larger diameter, and
therefore the spindles require to turn more slowly. The fusee also turns round
as the carriage runs in and presents less prominent parts to the roller 65, so as
to conduct the strap gradually towards the smaller end of the upper cone, and
the larger end of the lower cone, see the dotted lines, Figure 10, which shew the
position when the carriage is run in about one fourth of its whole course; the
faller has carried the rovings quite to the bottom and largest parts of the cops,
and the fusee, by turning its least prominent part to the roller, has conducted
the strap towards the small end of the upper cone. As the carriage runs
farther in, the faller wire is raised up again and conducts the rovings to
wind on the smaller parts of the cops; the spiral also conducts the strap back
towards the large end of the upper cone to turn the spindles quicker. In
short, the fusee is so formed as always to place the strap on that part of the
cones which will give the requisite speed to the spindles to wind up the rovings

page_text: regularly, whether the rovings wind upon the larger or the smaller parts of
the conical cops. At every succeeding stretch or run out of the carriage the
cops increase in size; but as the length of roving to be wound up is always the
same, the spindles must make a smaller number of turns cach stretch:
also, as the cops increase more at the bottom than at the top they become
more obtuse cones, hence the variable motion must change its law at every
succeeding stretch. To adapt the variable motion to these circumstances,
a different horizontal section of the fusee is brought into action every
stretch by the following means:-The axis 67 of the fusee is made square,
and the fusec slides up or down to present any part of its length to the
roller 65. A coller is formed at the lower end of the fusee, and is em-
braced by a fork, see Fig. 5, which projects from a perpendicular slider, 72.
A rack of thirty-one teeth in a foot is fastened to the slider, and is moved by a
pinion 73, of thirty-one teeth, which is on the same axis as the worm-wheel
74, of sixty-two teeth: the worm to turn this wheel is on the upper end of the
spindle 36, and on the lower end of the same is the worm-wheel 37, of fifty-
six teeth, which is turned by the worm on the axis of the front roller. The
motion of the front roller is thus transmitted to the rack and slider 72, to
lower the fusee down upon its axis 67 very slowly, and present the smaller
parts thereof to the roller 65, in proportion as the cops increase in size; for
instance, when the cops are small, and the rovings wind nearly upon the bare
pegs or spindles, the fusce is pushed upwards on its axis, so that the roller 65,
applies to the lower part of the fusee where its diameter is the greatest, and
moves the strap towards the larger end of the upper cone so as to turn the
spindles quickly. The horizontal section of the fusce at its base is nearly
circular, and produces but little variation in the motion of the spindles during
the run in of the carriage, because the cops are but little larger at the basis
than at the tops. In proportion as the cops augment in size, and become
more conical, so the fusce is lowered down upon its axis, that the smaller parts
may act upon the roller 65, and conduct the straps towards the small end of
the upper cone, in order to give a slower motion to the spindles. The section
of the fusce at the smaller parts is more spiral, and traverses the straps on the
concs during the run in of the carriage, to vary the motion of the spindles in
proportion as the cops are larger at the basis than at the tops. In short, as
the cops become larger and more conical by the accumulation of the rovings,
so the smaller and more spiral parts of the fusee are brought into action by
lowering it down upon its axis. Whilst the carriage is running out, the
bevelled wheel 58 must be disengaged from 59; for this purpose the end of
the inclined axis is supported by a piece 75, which turns on a center pin, and

page_text: is moved by a bent lever 76 to which a rod 77 is jointed, and the other end
of the rod is jointed to the standard 42 of the pinion before explained. At
the same time the pinion 41 is engaged with the mendoza wheel to run the
carriage in, the bevelled wheel 58 is engaged with 59 to give the variable
motion to the spindles.-Note, if the wheel 58 was in motion, it would not
lock readily into the teeth of the wheel 59; the cones and the wheel 58 are
therefore stopped for a short time by shifting the strap 51 to the loose pulley
on the axis of the upper cone. 78, 79, is a lever, with a loop at the upper
end to guide the strap 51, and to the lower end of it a catch, 80, Figure 1
and 4, is jointed; it is hooked at the end to catch over the extremity of a
lever 81, the other end of which is connected with the strap lever E. When
the carriage is quite run out, and moves the strap lever E to shift the main
strap D to the dead pulley, the lever 81 draws the catch 80, and the lever 78,
79, shifts the strap 51 to the loose pulley of the upper cone, so that the cones
stop when the great wheel stops. The instant the wheels 58 and 59 are
engaged, the cones are put in motion again thus:-A spring is applied to the
lever 79, which draws the strap 51 on the fast pulley, except when the catch
80 retains it upon the loose pulley, when the pinion 41 is thrown towards the
mendoza wheel O, the catch 80 is lifted up by the bent lever 82, Figures 3
& 4, the lower end thereof being pressed by a projecting stop on the rod 77;
the spring of the lever 79 then shifts the strap 51 to the fast pulley, and puts
the cones in motion.
Mechanism to regulate the Faller Wire.-The roller 85, Figures 2, 6, 7, 8,
and 9, is connected by a bar 90 with the axis I of the faller wire f; this
roller bears on the fusee 86, which is attached to the carriage, and turns
round as the carriage runs in; the fusee being a spiral curve gives the requisite
motion to the faller wire. The axis 87 of the fusee is supported horizontally
by brackets which project from the front of the carriage; it is turned round by
a wheel 88, of thirty teeth, at the end of it, working in a wheel 89, of twenty-
one teeth, fixed on the axis of one of the carriage wheels g, which is thirteen
inches and a half diameter, and has teeth round its edge to work in a rack
fixed to the railway. When the carriage runs in, the spiral turns round one
way, and when it runs out, the spiral turns the opposite way. The roller 85
is faced at the lower end of a bar 90, Sheet 5, which moves on levers 91, 91,
attached to the carriage, and the bar rises and falls like a parallel ruler. 92,
93, are two prongs projecting from the bar 90, and a short arm or lever is
fixed to the faller axis to carry the roller 94, which is received between the
prongs 92 and 98. As the carriage runs in, and the fusee turns round, its
prominent parts come beneath the roller 85 and lift it up. The roller 94 is

page_text: likewise raised, and the faller wire f is thereby depressed, so as to distribute
the rovings properly on the cops. Whilst the carriage is coming out, the
faller must be raised up above the points of the spindles, and not touch the
rovings. The roller 94 is therefore disengaged from the prongs of the bar 90,
in the following manner:-The lower prong 93 is united to the bar 90 by a
stem moveable on a joint, and when the carriage is quite in, a rod 93*, which
extends from the piece 93 across the carriage, strikes a fixed stop, and presses the
stem of the prong 93, as in Fig. 9, so that the roller 94 drops off the prong 93
by the action of the ordinary balance weights of the faller. The roller 94 remains
disengaged from the bar 90, whilst the carriage is coming out, but before the
carriage is run in again the roller 94 must be re-engaged with the bar 90. To
do this a loaded lever 95 is placed at the end of the carriage, see Fig. 7. The
tail of this lever is hooked up by a catch 96 when it is not required to operate
on the faller; but when the catch is unhooked the loaded lever acts upon a
roller fixed to the lever of the faller wire, and as the loaded lever is heavier than
the balance weights of the faller, it bears the faller down so as to raise the
roller 94 past the moveable prong 93, and lodge it between 92 and 93. The
catch 96 is unhooked by a catch 97, Figure 6, which moves on a centre pin fixed
to the frame of the machine. When the carriage is out, the tail of the catch 96
comes just over 97; but before the carriage begins to run in, the catches 97
and 96 are raised by an arm 88, Fig. 6, fixed on the end of the axis of the
lever 38, Figure 3, which, as before explained (in the backing off), is connected
by a wire with the sector 7, so that when the backing off begins, and the
sectors 7 descend, the arm 38, Figure 6, lifts the catch 97 and disengages 96.
The loaded lever then falls, as in Fig. 8, upon the roller of the faller lever,
and presses the wire fdown upon the rovings. The roller 94 rising presses
back the prong 93; but when the roller is high enough the said prong returns,
and the roller 94 becomes confined between the prong 92 and 93. Note, the
upper prong 92 is to stop the roller 94, and prevent the faller descending so
low as to break the rovings. The back faller or balance wire h keeps the rovings
a proper tension as the backing off unwinds them. When the loaded lever 95
93, it is raised up again
has lodged the roller 94 between the prongs 92 and
by a fixed stop pin, which intercepts its curved arm 98, when the carriage runs
in, and the lever is detained in the position, Figure 6, by the catch 96, till it
is required to act again. The fusce 86 is moved slowly upon its axis 87 by a
fork, see Fig. 1, which embraces a collar formed at the end of the fusee, sen
Figure 1. This fork projects from a slider 99, which has a rack of 31 teeth in a
foot, and a pinion of 16 teeth to move it. On the axis of this pinion is a worm-
wheel 100, of 32 teeth, turned by a worm on the horizontal axis 101. A ratchet

page_text: wheel 102 of nine teeth is fixed on the end of the horizontal axis, and is turned
round two teeth at each stretch by clicks 108 and 104, Figure 6, which arc
attached to the two arms of a bent lever 105. The lower end of the said lever
is intercepted by stops fixed to the floor, one when the carriage is in, and the
other when it is out. As one click advances whilst the other recedes, the
ratchet wheel 102 is turned round one tooth in either case, and gives a slow
motion to the slider 99 and to the fusees, so as to present a different part
thereof to the roller 85 at every successive stretch.-Note, when the carriage
is quite out, its further motion is prevented by a fixed stop screwed to the
frame in the usual manner; but to prevent the carriage rebounding when it
strikes the stop, the end of the catch 97, Figure 6, is hooked, and catches
a hook which is screwed to end of the carriage. When the backing-off
sectors descend, the catch 97 is raised up so as to liberate the hook of
the carriage, and when the catch rises higher it disengages the catch 96
as aforesaid.
OPERATION OF THE FIRST IMPROVEMENT.
The operation of the machine during the running out of the carriage is like
the common stretching frames, as before explained. Suppose the carriage run
out, and it has shifted the endless strap d upon the dead pulley, and also the
strap 51 on the loose pulley of the upper cone, the catch 97 hooks the carriage
and prevents its rebounding. The stop 48, Fig. 3, of the carriage removes the
catch 15, and the hook 14 scizes the teeth of the ratchet 13; the motion of
the ratchet draws the hook and turns the wheel 16, which extends the spring 16,
and the end of the lever 17 passes by the end of the bent lever 18. The
ratchet wheel 13 being thus stopt by the hook, it soon stops the momentum of
the wheel A and spindles, and then the backing off begins. Thus, the spring
16 draws the hook and turns the wheel 16 backwards till the end of the lever 17
acts by the bent lever 18 upon the catch 12, and removes it from the lever 9.
The sectors 7 then drop by their own weight into the teeth of the wheels 1
and 6. The loose wheel 1 is turned slowly backwards by the dead pulley, and
the wheels 2, 3, 4; it therefore depresses one sector 7, and the other turns
back the wheel 6, and the great wheel and the spindles, so as to back off or
unwind the rovings from the tops of the spindles. As the sectors 7 descend,
they release the hook 14 from the ratchet wheel by the wire 39 and lever 88,
which also raises the catch 97, Figure 6. This liberates the carriage, and
then, by lifting the tail of the catch 96, lets fall the loaded lever 95, which
presses the faller wire down on the rovings, as in Fig. 8, and engages the
roller 94 of the faller lever with the bar 90 of the cop fusee. The faller wire,

page_text: by the aid of the balance wire h, keeps the rovings to a proper tension as they
are unwound. When the spindles have backed off the requisite quantity, the
roller 23 of the sector 7 bears on the top of the stem 24 of the lever 25, and
by the link 26 depresses the end of the stop lever 22, and so as to release the
moveable standards 19, the weight 21 then withdraws the sectors from the
wheels to disengage their teeth, and the backing-off' motion ceases. The other
motions begin altogether, viz, to run in the carriage, to wind up the rovings,
and to regulate the faller. When the backing-off sectors are disengaged, the
rod 28 pushes the standard 42 and throws the pinion 41 into the mendoza
wheel O. The rod 77, which is connected with the standards 42, throws
the bevilled wheels 58 and 59 in gear. By the hent lever 76 and the
bent lever 82 lifting the hooked catch 80, the spring of the lever 79 draws
the strap on to the fast pulley of the upper cone.
This puts the upper
cone 52 in motion; which, by the wheel 47 and the endless strap, turns the
pulley 46, and pinion 41, and the mendoza wheel, so as to run the carriage in.
The cone strap 54 turns the lower conc 53, and the motion thereof is commu-
nicated by the wheels 56 and 57, 58 and 59, 60 and 61, to the great wheel A,
and by the band k to the drums and spindles, to wind up the rovings as fast as
the carriage runs in. The motion of the carriage turns the cop fusce 86, and
its prominent parts coming beneath the roller 85 it depresses the faller wire f
and carries the rovings down towards the bases of the cops where they are of
larger diameter. The same motion of the carriage by the ropes and pulley 68
turns the other fusee 66 also, and the prominent parts thereof retreating from
the roller 65 the loaded lever 70 shifts the strap 54 towards the small end of
the upper cone, so to diminish the speed of the spindles in proportion to the
diameter of the cops at those parts where the faller wire conducts the rovings to
wind on them. The two fusees are so formed that the rovings will, in all cases,
be wound up just as fast as the carriage runs in, whether the rovings wind on
the large or on the small parts of the cops. When the carriage is run in a little
way a fixed stop intercepts the curved arm 98 of the loaded lever 95, and raises
it up as in Figure 6. The catch 96 holds it up ready to act next time. By the
time the carriage is run in about one fourth, the most prominent part of the
cop fusee 86 comes beneath the roller 85, and depresses the faller wire so as
to present the rovings to the lower parts of the cops. The least prominent
part of the fusee 66 presents itself to the roller 65 at this period, and conducts
the strap towards the small end of the upper cone to give a slow motion to the
spindles. As the carriage runs further in the cop fusce 66 causes the faller to
ascend with a gradual motion, and present the rovings to the smaller parts of
cops. The strap 54 is also shifted by the fusee 66 with a correspondent
the

page_text: pace towards the larger end of the upper cone, thereby to increase the speed
of the spindles in proportion as the rovings wind on small parts of the cops.
During the return of the carriage its stop 48 lifts the curved lever 11, which
raises the sectors 7 clear from the wheels 1 and 6, and and the catch 12 retains
them. Also as the carriage runs further in the same stop 48 presses the lever
29, Figure 3, and by the rod 28 and lever 27 places the axis 8 of the sectors
at the proper distance from the wheels, and the catch lever 22 retains them
ready to repeat the backing off the next time the carriage comes out. When the
carriage is quite in it raises the lever 44, Fig. 8, and releases the latch 43 so
that the pinion 41 disengages itself from the mendoza wheel O; also the end
of the rod 93*, Fig. 6, meets a fixed stop and presses the stem of the prong
wheel 98, which lets the roller 94 fall down, as in Fig. 9, by the faller balance
weights; the faller wire is thus raised above the tops of the spindles. The
carriage when run in presses the lever s which prepares the machine to run
out again in the usual manner, viz', it throws the main strap on the live
pulley, puts the mendoza wheel in gear, and also the bevil wheels which turn
the rollers. The carriage runs out again and spins another stretch in the
usual manner, and when it is quite out the operations just described are
repeated. At every succeeding stretch the backing-off spiral 31 is turned a
very small quantity by its train of wheelwork 32, 33, 35 x 37, so as to
depress the end of the long lever 30, and elevate the stem 24 at the end of the
lever 25; in consequence, the roller 23 of the sectors 7 has every time less
distance to descend before it meets and depresses the said lever 25, and
thereby diminishes the quantity of the backing-off movement in proportion as
the cops increase in height, as before explained; also the fusee 66 is let down
upon its axis a very little each stretch by its train of wheelwork 73, 74,
and 37 from the front roller, and the fusee 86 is moved a small quantity on
its axis by the ratchet wheel 102 and clicks 103 at the end of the carriage.
The variable motion of the spindles and the regulation of the faller are thereby
adapted to all the different stages of the cops, as before explained.-Noto,
when the cops are compleated they are doffed or removed; but before the
machine is started again to form new cops, the racks of the two fusees
66 and 86 are disengaged from their pinions, and the fusees are slided
along their axis so that the rollers will act at the largest ends of their
respective fusecs; also the backing-off spiral 31 must be placed so that the
end of the long lever 30 will occupy the most elevated point of the spiral
groove. In this state the machine will be prepared for beginning new cops, in
which case the rovings wind upon the bare spindles or nearly so.
As the cops
increase in size all parts of the spiral 31 and fusees 66 and 68 will be.

page_text: OBSERVATIONS ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE MACHINERY OF THE FIRST
IMPROVEMENT.
The dimensions of the parts may be ascertained from the scales attached to
the Drawings, and the numbers of the teeth in the wheels have been specified
whenever the same is of importance.-Note, all the worms are made with
single threads, so that one turn of the worm will move the worm-wheel one
tooth. The cops of stretching frames vary so much in size and proportion
that no general rule can be given, whereby fusees or spirals may be con-
structed for any machine. I have therefore given exact Drawings in Sheets
7 and 8 for the fusces of a stretching frame which I have used and found to
answer the purpose; but that these fusees may produce their desired effect,
it is necessary that the following proportions be observed in the principal
movements of the machines, and in the size of the cops.
Proportions of the Stretching Frame.-The run of the carriage is fifty-two
inches, and, consequently, that length of roving must be wound up every
time. The wooden pegs on the spindles are shaped in Fig. 11, viz', 6 inches
long, 4 tenths of an inch diameter at top, and an inch diameter at the
bottom. The roving winds on this peg up to a height of 3 inches from the
bottom, when the cop is first began, and the spindle must make twenty-nine
turns during the run in of the carriage, in order to wind up the fifty-two
inches of the roving. At every succeeding stretch the cop becomes larger,
and therefore requires less number of turns; for instance, when 100 stretches
have been wound up, the cop is conical, see Fig. 11, 5 inches high, 2
diameter at the base, and 1% of an inch at the top; this is called the full cone,
and the spindles must make 10 turns to wind up the 52 inches. When 240
stretches have been wound up, the
in Fig. 12, viz., a cylindrical base 2
a cone 2 diameter at the base,
cop becomes full and of the shape shewn
diameter, and 3 high, surmounted by
diameter at the top, and 2 inches
high, so that the whole height ofthe cop is six inches. In this state 9 turns
of the spindles are sufficient to wind up the 52 inches. The proportions
between the great wheel, counter pulley, and drums is such as to turn the
spindles 12 turns for 1 turn of the great wheel. The drum 50, and the
pulleys of the upper cone, and the drum D, and live or dead pulley B, C, are
so proportioned, that during the spining, and whilst the carriage is running
out, the upper cone makes nearly 5 turns in the time that the great wheel
makes one turn, or 2 turns of the upper cone is performed in the time that

page_text: the spindles make one turn. The proportions for the winding-up motion are
such that 23 turns of the lower cone make 1 turn of the great wheel, or 1
turns of the lower cone make one turn of the spindles. The cones are six
inches diameter at the large end, 3 at the small end, and 10 inches long.
The cone strap is 1 inches broad. The mendoza wheel O, pinion 41, and
wheel and pinion 47, are so proportioned, that the carriage performs its run
out of 52 inches whilst the front roller makes 14 turns, and it runs in whilst
the upper cone makes 41 turns.
Directions for making the fusees are contained in Sheets 7 and 8. They
are put together in boards of a spiral figure, as shewn in the Drawings;
each board is 1 inch thick; it as a square hole to fit the axis, and
also two holes to admit the bolts, which skrew them altogether. The
transverse sections shew each board, and the longitudinal section explains
how the boards are to be put together.
Adjustments of the Cone Fusce :-The pulley 68 at the bottom of the axis 67
is 17 and inches diameter, and the run in of the carriage will turn the fusee
round of a whole revolution. When the fusee is put in its placo, the cords
which turns this pulley round must be so regulated that the greatest radius of
the fusce will present itself to the roller 65 when the carriage is quite in, and
the smallest radius when the carriage is run in about fourteen inches of its
course. The socket for the center pin 64 of the lever 63 is fixed to the lever in
a groove with a nut and screw, and the center pin 64 is fixed on a slider with
a regulating screw, so that the length from the center 64 to the roller 65 can
be regulated. When the lever is put to work, the distance from its center
socket to the center of the roller 65 should be 7 inches, and the distance
from the center socket to the part which acts on the slider 62, 24 inches.
The roller 65 is attached to the lever 63 by a slider, with regulating nuts to
adjust the strap to its proper position on the cones. To find this position,
slide the fusee up on its axis, so that the roller 65 will bear upon the lower
end or base of the fusee where it is circular. Then adjust the roller 65 so
that the distance from the middle of the strap to the large end of the upper
cone is 1 inches, at which part the diameter of that cone is 51 inches, and
the diameter of the lower cone at the middle of the strap is 31 inches. To
prove that this is correctly done, turns the cones round and keep the strap on
the same parts; then 13% turns of the upper cone should make one turn of
the great wheel, or 11 turns of the upper cone should make one turn of the
spindles. When this regulation is made, and proved true, make another trial
thus: Lower the fusec down on its axis till the top or smallest part of the
fusce applies to the roller, also run the carriage in about fourteen inches of its

page_text: should then be 8
course to present the least radius to the roller 65. The middle of the strap
inches from the large end of the upper conc, at which part
its diameter is 3 inches, and the diameter of the lower cone at the middle
of the strap is 5 inches. To prove that this is correct, turn the cone round
and keep the strap on the same parts; then 35 turns of the upper cone should
make 1 turn of the great wheel, on 2% turns of the upper cone should
make 1 turn of the spilles.-Note, if the last-mentioned trial does not
prove quite exact, then the center pin 64 and socket of tho lever 63 must
be regulated accordingly. The train of wheelwork and the rack which move
the conc fusee 66 upon its axis is such, that the fusee will be lowered
down 10 inches in 240 stretches. The stretching frame as here described is
adapted to make rovings, of which 64 yards in length weigh 3+*+ drams.
Adjustment of the Cop Fusce 86.-The toothed carriage wheel g and the
wheels 88 and 89 are so proportioned that the spiral 86 makes of a turn
during the run in the carriage. The wheels must be so put together that
when the carriage is in, the roller 85 will bear on the smallest part of the
fusce 86, and when the carriage is run out thirty-eight inches, the most pro-
minent part will come beneath the roller, as shewn in Fig. 6. The distance
from the faller wire to the center of its axis I is 5 inches, and the center pin of
the roller 94 is 2 inches distant therefrom; but this pin is fitted in a groove
to admit of small adjustment. The prongs 92, 93, must be so adjusted that
the faller wire will be just opposite to the bottom of the cop, as in Fig. 6.
When the carriage is run in about fourteen inches, and the most prominent
part of the cop fusee 86 is beneath the roller 85, the train of wheelwork and
the rack 99, which moves the cop fusee 86 upon its axis, is such as to move it
10 inches in 240 stretches.
The Backing-off Spiral 31 is shewn in Fig. 12, Sheet 6. The rise of the
spiral grove is 1 inches in the revolution. The train of wheelwork 32,
33, 3437, turns it once round in 274 stretches. The stem 24 is fixed in
the end of the lever 25 that it may be so regulated when the machine is set
to work as to back off the requisite quantity, which being once done, the spiral
will make the requisite changes as the
cops increase.
DESCRIPTION OF THE SECOND IMPROVEMENT APPLIED TO A MULE.
See Sheets 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, of the Drawings.
As this machinery is on the same principle as the preceding, a brief descrip-
tion will be sufficient.-Note, the parts which perform the same or similar offices
are distinguished by the same colours, letters, and numbers in both machines.
Backing-of Movement, coloured brown.-The pinion 2, of 20 teeth, which is
fixed to the dead pulley C, turns the wheel 3, of 62 teeth, and upon the axis

page_text: of this is the pinion 4, of 20 tecth. The wheel 6, of 62 teeth, is fixed on the
axis of the great wheel, just before the pinion 4, but does not touch it. The
sector 7, which is fixed on an axis 8, has two rows of teeth fixed one before
the other; the front one is adapted to work with the wheel 6, and the other
with the pinion 4; the end of one row is so far advanced beyond the end of
the other, that one will engage the wheel at the same time that the other
engages the pinion; when the sector is in the position of the Drawing, Fig. 19,
it is not engaged with either wheel or pinion, and the lever 9, 11, which is
fixed to the axis 8, is held by the catch 12, to keep the sector raised. When
the catch 12 is disengaged, the sector falls into gear with the pinion 4 and
wheel 6, and as the pinion 4 revolves with a slow reverse motion, it urges the
sector, and communicates a similar motion to the wheel 6, and the great wheel
A, and the spindles. The catch 12 is disengaged by the following movement,
which also stops the motion of the great wheel and spindles :-The ratchet wheel
18 is detained by the hook 14, when the loaded end of the same is released
from the catch 15. The hook 14 is attached to the lever 16, 17, which turns
loosely on the axis of the counter pulley b, as a center of motion; to the lower
end of the lever a wire or spring 16 is attached, and the wire passes through a
socket with nuts, to limit the extension of the spring. The end 17 of the lever
acts upon the hook 18, which is jointed to the tail of the catch 12. The catch
15, which holds up the loaded end of the hook 14, is connected by a wire and
crank 10 with a latch 48 placed close by the side of that latch Y, which
retains the main strap upon the live pulley, as already described as the second
peculiarity of the mule. These latches are lifted together by the revolving
leaft Y of the worm wheel V. The latch Y allows the strap to shift to
the dead pulley, as before described, and the latch 48. releases the catch 15,
and lets the hook 14 catch the ratchet wheel; the momentum of the wheel
draws the lever 16, and extends the spring as far as the stop nuts will allow;
and then the friction of the ratchet wheel stops the motion of the machine.
The reaction of the spring draws back the hook 14 and the lever 16, and the
end 17 thereof, catching the hook 18, disengages the catch 12 from the lever
9, and then the sector falls into the teeth of the wheels, as before stated.
Note, when the sector descends, the wire 39, attached to the lever 9, raises
up the loaded end of hook 14, and disengages it from the ratchet wheel.
When a sufficient backing off is performed, the sector is disengaged from the
teeth of the wheel 6 and pinion 4 by dropping the toothed parts 7 of the sector
down towards the axis 8. For this purpose the shank of the sector is made in
two parts, viz., a lever 19, which is fixed to the axis 8, and the shank 21 of
the sector 7, which is applied flat against the lever 19, and is united thereto

page_text: by two screws 20; but these admit of a sliding motion, so that the toothed
part 7 of the sector can be withdrawn from the wheel and pinion. 22, 23, is
a catch to hold the sector extended, so that its teeth will reach the wheel; the
center pin of this catch is fixed into the part 19, and its hook catches a pro-
jecting tooth of the shank 21. When the backing off has continued as long as
is requisite, the end 23 of the catch bears against a screw 24, at the end of a
rod 30, and releases, the hook 22 of the catch; the toothed part 7 of the sector
then falls away from the teeth of the wheel 6 and pinion 4, and the backing
off ceases. To restore all these parts to the proper positions to act again, a
pin 48 is fixed to the carriage, to lift up the end 11 of the lever 9, when the
carriage runs in. This raises the sector, as shewn in the Drawing, Fig. 19,
and the catch 12 retains it. Also, when the carriage gets further in, the same
stop 48 raises the lever 29, which presses on another lover 27, and lifts up the
toothed part of the sector. The catch 22, 23, holds them so that the teeth
will be ready to engage with the teeth of the wheel and pinion the next time
the backing off is required to act. The quantity of backing-off motion is
regulated by the rod 30, which is moved a very small quantity at each stretch,
by a spiral or worm 31, and the following wheelwork:-A worm on the axis
of the front roller turns a worm-wheel 32, of 40 teeth; to this a pinion 33, of
eight teeth, is fixed, and gives motion to a bevilled wheel 87, of 56 teeth, on
the perpendicular spindle 36, and a worm is fixed on this, to turn a worm-
wheel 34, of 50 teeth, on the axis of the worm 31. The worm 31 is thereby
turned a small quantity each stretch, and makes one turn during the time that
the cops are filled. The worm 31 advances the end 24 of the rod 80 a little
every time towards the catch 23, and gives less backing-off motion cach time,
because the backing off ceases when 23 touches 24.
Movement to run in the Carriage.-The carriage is run in by the pulley 68,
of 20 inches diameter, which is turned by a train of wheelwork from the upper
cone 52. Two cords procced from the pulley 68, in opposite directions, over
pulleys 69, 69, and the ends are fastened to the carriage. The axis 67 of
the pulley ascends to the top of the machine to support the fusee 66, as will
be hereafter explained. At the top of the axis 67 is a bevilled wheel 40, of
118 teeth, which is turned by a pinion 41, of 25 teeth. On an horizontal axis,
which receives motion by equal bevilled wheels 46 from an axis situated over
the upper cone 52; on the end of this axis is a wheel 47, of 126 teeth,
which is turned by a pinion of 14 teeth, on the end of the axis of the upper
cone. This train of wheelwork is only engaged whilst the carriage runs in, but
whilst the carriage runs out the bevilled wheel 46 is disengaged. The end 46
of the axis of 41 is supported by a lever 42 at the top of the axis 78, which

page_text: axis is moved by levers 81 and 75, the rod 45, and the lever 20, 27, as nerem-
when
after more fully described, so that the wheels 46 are thrown into gear,
the backing-off' sector 7, 21, drops down as before described. The motion of
the upper cone is thus communicated to the pulley 68 to run the carriage in;
when the carriage gets in and presses the lever s, the rod t, by the levers 44
and 45 (herein-after described more fully) moves the rod 43, so as to disengage
the wheel 46 whilst the carriage comes out.
Machinery to turn the Spindles, with the Variable Motion to wind up the
Threads. The drum 50, which is 20 inches diameter, turns the upper
cone 52 by a strap 51, and a fast and loose pulley of 41 inches diameter.
The upper cone drives the lower cone 53 by the cone strap 54, the same as
the former machine; also the mechanism for shifting the strap on the cones to
produce the variable motion is like the former machine, viz., the strap con-
ductor 55, the slider 62, lever 63, and fusce 66; also the pulley 68 by which the
fusee is turned when the carriage runs in. The fusee is let down on its axis a
little every stretch by the train of wheels 72, 73, 74, 37, 33, and 32, from the
front roller. The variable motion of the lower cone 53 is communicated to the
counter pulley b, and thereby to the spindles, by an inclined axis and two bevil
wheels and pinions. Thus a pinion 56, of twelve teeth, on the end of the axis
of the lower cone, turns a bevil wheel 57, of 56 teeth, at the upper end of the
inclined axis; and at the lower end thereof is a pinion 58, of 22 teeth, which
turns a bevil wheel 59, of 56 teeth, fixed on the end of the axis of the counter
pulley b. Whilst the carriage runs out the inclined axis is taken out of gear at
both ends at once; for this purpose the axis is supported by levers 75 which
move on center pins, and the ends pass through slits in small brackets 60, in
order to guide the levers. In the under sides of the brackets are grooves to
receive flat sliding plates 76, see also Fig. 22, Sheet 11, which are formed
at the ends of a rod 43. Each slider has a slit through it for the end of the
lever 75 to pass through; those slits extend obliquely across the sliders. If
the rod 43 is moved endways downwards these slits, by their obliquity, move
the ends of the lever 75 back, and puts the wheels on the inclined axis into gear.
On the contrary, if the rod 43 is moved endways upwards, the oblique slits bring
the ends of the levers 75 forwards, and take the wheels out of gear. The
sliders 76 move with so much friction in their grooves, that they will stand as
they are placed. At the conclusion of the backing off, when the toothed part
of the sector 7 drops down upon the end of the lever 27 (as before described),
the rod 48 is drawn endways by the lever 28, which is jointed to 43 and con-
nected with 27. The bevilled wheels 57 and 58 are thus put in gear both
together, and communicate the variable motion of the lower conc 53 to the

page_text: spindles. By the same movement the strap 51 is shifted to the fast pulley of
the upper cone; thus the upper lever 75 has an arm proceeding from it, as
shewn in Fig. 21, Sheet 11, and connected at the end by a rod with the
lever 81, on the lower end of the axis 78, at the top of which is the lever 42
to support the wheel 46, as before mentioned. The lever 42 is prolonged, as
shown by 42*, to reach the slider 79, which has the loop to guide the strap 51.
The lever 42 moves the slider 79 and shifts the strap to the fast pulley. The
catch 80, Fig. 21, which is jointed to the slider 79, retains the strap on the
fast pulley. When the carriage gets in and pushes back the lever s, Fig. 19, it
draws the rod t to put the rollers in gear in the usual manner of mules; this
rod is continued to reach the arm 44 of the lever 45, which is connected with
the rod 43, so as to push that rod endways upwards, and then the oblique slit
in the sliders 76 bring forwards the levers 75 and take the bevilled wheels at
both ends of the inclined axis out of gear. The catch 80 detains the strap 51
upon the fast pulley until the carriage gets quite out, and pushes the lever y
to release the catch w in the usual manner. The catch was a perpendicular
rod 82 rising from it, which lifts up the catch 80, and then the spring of the
slider 79 draws the strap 51 on the loose pulley, and the cones stop. When
the carriage is ready to run in again the cones are connected with the spindles
and put in motion as before.-Note, the lever 28 is fitted loose on the pin
of the lever 27, and a hooked piece which is fastened to that lever acts on 28.
so as to move the rod 48 when the toothed part of the sector drops on 27; but
when the carriage in running in lifts 29 and 27 and raises the toothed sector.
up again the lever 28 does not move, therefore the rod 43 remains stationary
till the carriage is quite in, and then it is moved by the levers 44 and 45 as
before described. The mechanism to regulate the faller wire is the same as
the former machine, and therefore needs no further explanation.
represented in the section Fig. 20, Sheet 10.
OPERATION OF THE SECOND IMPROVEMENT.
It is
Suppose the carriage run out, and the twist given to the threads in the usual
manner of mules, the leaf Y of the worm-wheel V raises the latch e, and the
weight Z draws the strap lever E, and removes the strap from the live to the dead
pulley. The latch 48 is lifted also, and by the wire and crank 10 withdraws the
catch 15, and the hook 14 catches the teeth of the ratchet 13. The motion
of the tchat autande the anning 16
As then that it has

page_text: wire 39 raises the loaded end of the hook 14, and clears the hook from the teeth
of the ratchet. The pinion 4 revolves with a slow reverse motion, which is
communicated by the sector and wheel 6, to the great wheel and the spindles,
so as to back off. An arm 38, Fig. 20, which is fixed on the end of the axis
8, acts in the place of the lever 38, Fig. 6, to lift the catch 96 and let the
loaded lever 95 fall and depress the faller wire on the threads to keep them
tight as they are backed off; this also engages the roller 94 between the prongs
92, 93, of the bar 90. In backing off, the tail 23 of the catch 22 approaches
the end 24 of the rod 30 until it bears against the same and disengages the
hook 22 from the toothed part 7, 21, of the sector, which therefore drops down
out of the teeth of the wheel and pinion, and the backing off ceases.
The Movements to run in the Carriage. To wind up the threads and to
regulate the faller, begin altogether thus:-The weight of the sector 21
depresses the lever 27, and the lever 28 forces the rod 43 and the sliders 76
endways. The oblique slits in the sliders put the inclined axis into geer to
make a connection between the cones and the spindles. The end of the uper
lever 75 moves the lever 81 at the bottom of the axis 78, and the lever 42 at
the top thereof puts the bevilled wheels 46 in gear, for the winding-up
motion. Also, the lever 42* pulls the slider 79 and shifts the strap 51 to the
fast pulley; the upper cone is thereby put in motion, which at the same time
runs in the carriage, and turns the spindles with a proper motion to wind up
the threads. The cop fusee 86 is turned by the motion of the carriage wheel,
and elevates and depresses the faller wire, to distribute the threads properly on
the cops; at the same time the fusee 66 traverses the strap on the cones so as
to vary the speed of the spindles according the size of these parts of the
cops where the thread is conducted by the fuller wire. As the carriage runs
in it lifts the lever 11, and raises the sector as in the Figure 19, Sheet 9, the
catch 12 holds it up; the carriage also presses the lever 29 to raise the
toothed part of the sector ready to act again, and the catch 22 holds it up;
when the carriage gets quite in, a fixed stop intercepts the end of the rod 93*,
Fig. 20, and presses back the prong 93, so that the roller 94 drops off and
raises the faller wire clear above the tops of the spindles. The carriage also
presses the lever s, and by the rod t the lever 44, 45, and the rod 43 moves
the sliders 76, which by their oblique grooves disengage the inclined axis,
and also by the levers 75, 81, and 42, disengage the bevilled wheels 46, which
run the carriage in. The lever s at the same time puts the mendoza wheel
and the rollers in gear, and shifts the main strap on the live pulley, the
carriage then runs out again and spins in the usual manner.-Note, when
the carriage gets out and presses the lever y, the rod 82 attached to the

page_text: horizontal arm of the catch w, lifts up the catch 80 of the slider 79, the spring
attached to that slider then shifts the strap 51 to the loose pulley of the
upper cone, and stops the motion thereof, whereby the wheels of the inclined
axis lock into each other with more facility. The mule is now in the same
state as when I began to describe its operations, and is ready to repeat its
action; when the cops are first began, both the fusees must be so placed upon
their axis that their largest end will operate in their respective rollers; also
the worm 31 which regulates the backing off must allow the rod 80 to retreat
to its greatest distance from the backing-off sector. At every succeeding
stretch the fusees will be moved a little on their axis to bring such parts in
action as will produce the proper variable motion to wind up correctly at every
different size of the cop; also the worm 31 is turned round a small quantity to
diminish the backing-off motion as the cops grow higher. By the time the cops
are completely ready for doffing, the fusces and the worm 31 will have worked
to their opposite ends, but before the mule is started again to spin new cops the
fusces and worm 31 must be put back again to their points of commencement.
Proportions to be observed in constructing the Mule, in order that
the Fusees drawn in Sheets 12 and 13 may produce the desired effect :-
The run of the carriage is 59 inches, which length of thread must be
wound up each stretch. The spindles on which the threads wind arc
of an inch diameter at top, of an inch diameter at the bottom,
and 6 inches long. See Fig. 23, Sheet 11. The thread is wound on a
space of 2 inches on this spindle when the cop is first began, and the
spindle must then make 78 turns during the run in of the carriage to wind up
the fifty-nine inches. When 440 stretches are wound up, the cop is called a
full cone, see Fig. 23, it consists of 2 cones joined at their bases; the lowest
or inverted cone is 11 inches high, the size of the spindle at the bottom,
and 1 diameter at the top. The upper cone which rises from this is the
size of the spindle at the top and 2 high. The whole height of the full
cone 3 inches. At this stage the spindles must make 21 turns to wind up
the 59 inches. When 800 stretches are wound up the cop is completed, see
Fig. 23, its form is two cones, with a cylindrical part between them; the
inverted cone is the same as before mentioned. The cylinder upon this is 11
diameter, and 1 long. The upper cone the same as the full cone, viz., 'b
diameter at top, and 2 high. The whole height of the cop is 41, and it
takes 21 turns of the spindles to wind up the 59 inches of thread. The pro-
portions between the great wheel and counter pulley, drums, and spindles, is
such that one turn of the great wheel makes 38 turns of the spindles, and one
turn of the counter pulley makes 18
turns of the spindles. The drum 50,

page_text: and the pulleys of the upper cone are so proportioned that during the spinning,
whilst the carriage is running out, the upper cone turns 2 for 1] turn
of the counter pulley or one turn of the upper conc makes 8, of the
spindles. The proportion for the winding-up motion when the inclined axis
is in gear is such that 12 turns of the lower cone makes one of the counter
pulley, or one turn of the lower cone makes 11 turns of the spindles. The
cones are 6 inches diameter at the larger end, 2 inches diameter at the
smaller end, and 10% inches long. The cone strap is 1 broad. The train
of wheels 47, 41, 40, and 68, are proportioned to run the carriage in 59 inches
whilst the upper cone turns 40 turns. The fusees must be made exactly
according to the Drawings in Sheets 12 and 13; the pulley 68 of the cone fusce
being 20 inches diameter the run in of the carriage will turn the fusce
of a whole revolution. The cords which turn the pulley must be so regulated
that the greatest radius of the fusce will present itself to the roller 65 when
the carriage is quite in, and the smallest radius when the carriage is run in 14
inches. The center pin and socket 64 of the lever 68 are adjusted so that the
roller 65 is 9 inches distant from the center of motion, and the end of the
lever which acts on the slider 62 is 27 inches distant therefrom. When the
cone fusee is raised up on its axis so that the roller 65 bears on the circular base
or largest part of the fusce the roller must be adjusted, so that the strap working
near the large end of the upper cone and the small end of the lower cone, the
spindles shall make 74 revolutions whilst the carriage runs in 59 inches.
Mark the place on the cones where the strap works, then let down the fusee
till the roller 65 acts within about half an inch of the top of the fusee, and
during the run in of the carriage the spindles should make 25 revolutions. If
they make more or less they must be corrected by moving the center pin of
the socket 64 nearer or farther from the roller 65 till the requisite number of
turns are given during the run in of the carriage, viz, 74 at the beginning of
the cop, and 25 revolutions of spindle at the full cone, and this same propor-
tion continues to the end of the cop. The train of wheel work to move the conc
fusee on its axis is as follows:-The worm on the axis of the front roller turns a
worm-wheel 32, of 40 teeth. On this is a pinion 33, of 8 teeth, which turns a
bevil wheel 37, of 56 teeth; on the axis 36 of this is a double worm to turn a
worm-wheel 74, of 40 teeth, on the axis of which is a pinion 73, of 28 teeth, which
moves the rack 72, of 31 teeth in a foot. Every stretch the front roller makes
17 turns; and in 440 stretches, which completes the full cone, the fusce is lowered
down 15 inches. The mule, as hereby described, is adapted to spin yarn of 40
hanks to the pound.-Note, the fusee does not move at all on its axis during the
remaining 360 stretches, because the rack 72 of the slider is only long enough

page_text: to lower the fusce down 15 inches, and then the slider stops. The toothed
carriage wheel g is 10 inches diameter, and the wheel 89 upon its axis has
23 teeth to turn the wheel 88 of 45 teeth on the axis of the fusee; in conse-
quence, the fusec will make of a revolution during the run of the carriage.
The wheels must be so put together that when the carriage is in, the roller 85
will bear on the smallest part of the fuseè 86, and when the carriage is run in
14 inches the most prominent part will come beneath the roller. The
distance from the faller wire to the center of its axis is 6 inches and the center
of the roller 94 is 4 inches distant therefrom, but the center pin is fitted in a
groove to admit of adjustment. The prongs 92 and 98 must be so 'adjusted
that the faller wire will be just opposite to the bottom of the cops, as in
Fig. 20, when the carriage is run in 14 inches, and the most prominent part of
the cop fusce 86 is beneath the roller 85, the wheelwork 100 and 104, & the
rack 99 moves the cop fusce 86 upon its axis rather less than 10-inches in 800
stretches. The proportions are as follows, viz, the rack on the slider 99, 31
teeth in a foot, the pinion which works it 10 teeth, the worm-wheel 100, 35
teeth. The ratchet wheel 102 has 9 teeth, and moves 1 tooth every stretch.
The backing-off worm or spiral 31, Fig. 19, is made with such a degree of
obliquity as to move the rod 30 1 inches in a revolution; also the wheel work
34, 37, 33, and 32, is proportioned to turn the said spiral once round in 800
stretches. A screw is inserted into the socket 24, and the end thereof stops
the catch 22, 28. By this screw the machine is regulated to back off the
requisite quantity, and when the cops are first begun the spiral 31 must be in
such position as to allow the rod 30 to retreat to its greatest distance from
the catch 22. This adjustment and the spiral 31, Fig. 19, must be so regu-
lated in its obliquity that it will cause the spindles to back off.3 inches of
thread from the top of the spindle at the beginning of the cop, and 1 inches
when the cop is full; then the motion of the spiral will make the requisite
changes in the backing off at all the intermediate stages of the cops:-Note,
in double speed mules the dead pulley C is between the live pulley and the
double speed pulley, therefore the backing-off pinion 2 cannot be affixed to the
dead pulley. To adapt my improvements to such mules a separate strap must
be applied on the drum D, or on another drum fixed on the same axis to turn
a pulley to which the pinion 2 is fixed; the said pulley may either be fitted
loose on the axis of the great wheel, or on a separate pin or axis fixed in any
convenient situation where the pinion 4-can be made to work in the teeth of
the sector 7.
I have now described my improvements in certain parts of the machinery
for roving and spinning cotton and wool, and shewn how they are to be
adapted to the stretching frames or mules in common use.

page_text: The parts constituting my improvements are denoted in the Drawings by
numeral figures for reference, and the parts which are in common use are
marked with the letters of the alphabet; but it is, of course, to be understood
that I do not by these Presents claim the exclusive use of the separate parts so
marked with a numeral.
But my improvements and claim consist in and are confined to the combi-
nation of such parts one with another, whereby they are adapted to act in
concert or in due succession (as herein-before described) so as to produce the
necessary motions to wind up the rovings or threads in cops without the aid or
guidance of the spinner.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Eaton, have hereunto set my
band and seal, this Seventeenth day of day of December, in the fifty-
ninth year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third,
by the grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, and in the year of our Lord One thousand cight hundred
and eighteen.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
above-named William Eaton, in the
presence of
JOHN FAREY, Jun',
Howland Street.
WILLIAM (L.S.) EATON.
WILLIAM (L.S.) EATON.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
above-named William Eaton, in the
presence of
JOHN FAREY, Jun',
Howland Street.
JOHN PHILPOT,
Southampton Street, Bloomsbury.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Seventeenth day of December,
in the year of our Lord 1818, the aforesaid William Eaton came before our
said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to
the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Seventeenth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighteen.