IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BARYTES AND BARYTIC PRODUCTS, AND THE APPLICA TION OF THESE SUBSTANCES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR AND OTHER USES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street, in
the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BARYTES AND BARYTIC PRODUCTS, AND THE APPLICA
TION OF THESE SUBSTANCES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR AND OTHER USES.”
-A communication from abroad by Alfred Delaune, of Paris, France.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 18th March 1862.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London,
Patent Agent, do. hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BARYTES AND BARYTIC PRODUCTS, AND THE
APPLICATION OF THESE SUBSTANCES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR AND OTHER
USES," (communicated to me, from abroad by Alfred Delaune, of Paris,
France,) to be as follows:-
I take carbonate of barytes, and treat it according to the processes known
as those of Mess". Dubrunfaut and. Leplay, that is to say, I pulverize carbonate
of barytes, mix.it with powered coal, and calcine it in a reverberatory furnace.
After having been subjected to heat for from about five to six hours, a product
is obtained composed of caustic, barytes, coal, and ash, known as raw, barytes

page_text: This composition is cooled out of contact with the air, it is afterwards lixiviated,
and a solution of barytes is obtained adapted to effect the precipitation of
sugar. Here commence the improvements invented by Alfred Delaune, and
communicated to me. The caustic solutions are first desulphurized by hydrated
oxide of iron, or by hydrated oxide of zinc, they are then concentrated in iron
vessels heated by the gases from the reverberatory furnaces or otherwise.
When the solutions have acquired the greatest density of which they are
capable without forming a deposit, they are removed to iron vessels similar to
those used in the manufacture of caustic potash and soda. The caustic barytes
is reduced in these vessels to the state of dissolved hydrate with one equivalent
of water, it is next run into iron pots in blocks easy to carry. The Inventor
states that this economical method of preparing barytes will enable it to be
sold at so low a price that its use will spread for numerous purposes. The
hydrate may be used in sugar refineries for precipitating the treacle, and
the carbonates may be returned by the refiners to the manufacturers to
reduce.
The processes above described for natural carbonate of barytes apply equally
to artificial carbonates of barytes, and the hydrates of barytes may be manu-
factured by means of sulphate. For that purpose I reduce in a furnace
sulphate of barytes mixed with coal exactly as above stated for the treatment
of carbonate of barytes; I thus obtain raw sulphuret, which by washing yields
solutions of sulphuret of barium. The solutions treated by a current of
carbonic acid, yield carbonate of barytes, which is transformed into hydrate by
the processes above described. Sulphuret of barium may be used in excess
to precipitate sugar, then the sugar of barytes and the mother waters treated
by carbonic acid will yield carbonate of barytes, which may be treated according
to the processes. herein-before described to obtain the hydrate. When carbonic
acid is applied, whether to sulphuret of barium, or to the mother waters arising
from the treatment of saccharine liquors by sulphuret of barium, a quantity of
sulphuretted hydrogen is disengaged which may be used for the manufacture
of sulphur, for which purpose a part of the gas is burnt to produce sulphurous
acid which is combined by the ordinary means with the other part of the
sulphuretted hydrogen so as to form water and sulphur. The same result
may be attained by treating solutions of sulphuret of. barium with the
hydrate of oxide of iron or the hydrate of oxide of zinc as above described for
desulphurizing the solutions of barytes, then sulphuret of iron is produced,
which is deposited, and bydrate of barytes which remains alone in solution.
By concentrating the solution hydrate of barytes in a dry state. is .obtained.
To transform sulphuret of barium into bydrate of barytės by hydrated oxides

page_text: of zinc or iron, one equivalent of these oxides or rather more must be used.
The same processes are applicable to strontian, which may be thus fitted for
commercial uses.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 18th September 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the
said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF BARYTES AND BARYTIC PRODUCTS, AND THE APPLICATION OF THESE SUBSTANCES IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR AND OTHER USES," (communicated to me from
abroad by Alfred Delaune, of Paris, France,) upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
I take carbonate of barytes, and treat it according to the
1
processes known'as

page_text: 2
ני
-those of Messieurs Dubrunfaut and Leplay, that is to say, I pulverize carbonate
of barytes, mix it with powdered coal, and calcine it in a reverberatory furnace.
After having been subjected to heat for from about five or six hours a product is.
obtained composed of caustic barytes, coal, and ash, known as raw barytes.
This composition is cooled out of contact with the air, it is afterwards lixiviated,
and a solution of barytes is obtained adapted to effect the precipitation of
sugar. Here commence the improvements invented by Alfred Delaune, and
communicated to me. The caustic solutions are first desulphurized by hydrated
oxide of iron or by hydrated oxide of zinc, they are then concentrated in iron
vessels, heated by the gases from the reverberatory furnaces or otherwise.
When the solutions have acquired the greatest density of which they are:
capable without forming a deposit, they are removed to iron vessels similar to
those used in the manufacture of caustic potash and soda. The caustic barytes
is reduced in these vessels to the state of dissolved hydrate with one equivalent
of water; it is next run into iron pots in blocks easy to carry. The Inventory
states that this economical method of preparing barytes will enable it; to bei
sold at so low a price that its use will spread for numerous purposes.... The
hydrate may be used in sugar refineries for precipitating the treacle, and
the carbonates may be returned by the refiners to the manufacturers to,
reduce.
་
The processes above described for natural carbonate of barytes apply equally
to artificial carbonates of barytes, and the hydrate of barytes may be manu-,
factured by means of sulphate. For that purpose I reduce in a furnace.
sulphate of barytes mixed with coal, exactly as above stated for the treatment
of carbonate of barytes, I thus obtain raw sulphuret, which, by washing, yields
solutions of sulphuret of barium. These solutions treated by a current of
carbonic acid yield carbonate of barytes, which is, transformed into bydrate by
the processes above described. Sulphuret of barium may be used in excess
to precipitate sugar, then the sugar of barytes and the mother waters, treated.
by carbonic acid, will yield carbonate of barytes, which may be treated according.
to the processes herein-before described, to obtain the bydrate. When
carbonic acid is applied, whether to sulphuret of barium or to the mother
waters arising from the treatment of saccharine liquors by sulphuret of barium,
a quantity of sulphuretted hydrogen is disengaged which may be used for the
manufacture of sulphur, for which purpose a part of the gas is burnt to produce
sulphurous acid which is combined by the ordinary means with the other part
of the sulphuretted hydrogen, so as to form water and sulphur. The same
result may be attained by treating solutions of sulphuret, of barium with the
hydrate of oxide of iron, or the hydrate of oxide of zinc as above described for

page_text: desulphurizing the solutions of barytes; then sulphuret of iron is produced,
which is deposited and hydrate of barytes, which remains alone in solution.
By concentrating the solution hydrate of bartes in a dry state is obtained,
To transform sulphuret of barium into hydrate of barytes by hydrated oxides
of zinc or iron, one equivalent of these oxides or rather more must be used.
The same processes are applicable to strontian, which may be thus fitted for
commercial uses.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of September; One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.s.)
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)