A NEW OR IMPROVED SOUTHWESTER' OR SAILOR'S HAT
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Johan Christie, of Hangesund, in the Kingdom of
Norway, for an Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED SOUTHWESTER' OR
SAILOR'S HAT."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Johan Christie at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th September 1880.
JOHAN CHRISTIE, of Hangesund, in the Kingdom of Norway. "A NEW OR
IMPROVED SOUTHWESTER' OR SAILOR'S HAT."
The crown of this hat is made of four equal sized pieces, each of the form of a
spherical triangle, joined together. To the lower edge of the crown are joined two
pieces, each of a form resembling a wedge, the narrow ends of same being joined at
the back, and the broad ends reaching to the front so far as to cover the cheeks
and to pass under the chin; in the said broad front ends I place strings for tying
them together under the chin, thus proventing any opening at this place between
the face and the southwester, and covering also the back of the head down to the
neck. To the front of the crown I attach a brim or shade, which may be turned
up or down. To the bottom edge of the part covering the back of the head and
the cheeks I join a broad collar, which may be in two pieces sewn together at the
back;
this collar is to button over in front. When not so required, or if it feels
too hot, or the neck is wanted to be free, the collar can be turned up on each side
and buttoned to the front of the crown of the hat, which then almost resembles
an ordinary southwester. The parts described are lined partly with woollen and
partly with linen fabrics.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, and of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by the said Johan Christie in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 1st April 1881.
JOHAN CHRISTIE, of Hangesund, in the Kingdom of Norway.
IMPROVED SOUTHWESTER' OR SAILORS HAT."
.
" A NEW OR
The crown of this hat is made of four equal sized pieces, each of the form of a
spherical triangle, joined together. To the lower edge of the crown are joined two
pieces, each of a form resembling a wedge, the narrow ends of same being joined
at the back, and the broad ends reaching to the front so far as to cover the cheeks
and to pass under the chin; in the said broad front ends I place strings for tying
them together under the chin, thus preventing any opening at this place between
the face and the southwester, and covering also the back of the head down to the
neck. To the front of the crown I-attach a brim or shade which may be turned
up or down. To the bottom edge of the part covering the back of the head and
the cheeks 1-join-a-broad_collar, which may be in two pieces, sown together at the
back;-this-collar is to button over in front-When not so required, or if it feels too
hot, or the neck is wanted to be-free, the collar can be turned upon-each side and
buttoned to the front of the crown of the hat, which-then.almost resembles an
ordinary south wester. The parts described are lined partly with woollen-and-
partly with linen fabrics, and may be made of any of the now usual materials for
southwesters, in some cases partly or wholly of india rubber.
"
And in order that this iny Invention may b. more fully understood I will
proceed to describe the same with reference to the accompanying Drawings, of
which Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 show the form of the parts of which the "southwester
consists, and Figures 5, 6, and 7 show the southwester complete and as applied in
actual use.
'
Figure 1 shows the spherical triangle form of one of the four equal sized
pieces A, which joined together form the crown of the hat; according to the form
of these pieces the crown will vary in form as desired.
Figure 2 shows the wedge like form of one of the two pieces B which are joined
to the lower edge of the crown, their narrow ends b being joined together at the
back of the hat, and their broad ends b¹ reaching to the front so as to cover the
cheeks and to pass under the chin, as shown in Figures 5 and 6; in the broad
front ends b' are placed strings for tying them together under the chin, as shown,
thus preventing any opening at this place, and covering also the back of the head
down to the neck; C, Figure 3, is a brim or shade which, by preference, is fixed
to the front of the hat crown, and which may be turned down, as shown in
Figures 5 and 6, or up, as shown in Figure 7.
D, Figure 4, is a broad collar joined to the lower edge of the part B, B, and
made to button or hook over in front, as shown also in Figures 5 and 6. When
not so required, or if its feels too hot, or if the neck is wanted to be free, the
collar D can be turned up on each side, as shown in Figure 7, and buttoned to
the front of the crown of the hat, which then, as will be seen, almost resembles
an ordinary southwester; the pieces B are also shown turned up in Figure 7.
As the hearing of the wearer may be somewhat hindered when the parts B
cover the ears, I may form a slit on each side at the place of the ear and cover it
with a flap, so that the water may flow down over it without entering through
the slit, as shown in dotted lines in Figs. 5 and 7, or I may form a small portion
of B at this place of thin india rubber or other flexible material which will allow
sound to penetrate but exclude the water. A thin india rubber diaphragm
stretched in a metallic frame would act as a sound conveyer.

page_text: And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this Invention, and
the mode in which the same is or may be carried into effect, I declare that I
claim,―
First. The combination of parts, substantially as described and shown, forming
my improved "south wester."
Second. The combination with the crown of a hat or cap of the parts B and D
so as to form my improved "south wester."
In witness whereof, I, the said Johan Christie, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Thirteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
JOHAN CHRISTIK hel
JOHAN CHRISTIE