Improvements in and connected with the Manufacture of Pictures in Cement or analogous Material.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 18th May, 1895
Complete Specification Left, 18th Feb., 1896-Accepted, 21st Mar., 1896
[Communicated from abroad by FERDINAND ALEXANDRE JUMEAU, of
No. 175 Avenue des Ponts, Lyons, in the Department of the Rhone,
Republic of France, Manufacturer.]
Improvements in and connected with the Manufacture of Pictures
in Cement or analogous Material.
I, HENRY HARINGTON LEIGH, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., Fel. Ch. Inst. P.A.,
F.I. Inst., practising as Phillips and Leigh of No. 22 Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Engineers and Patent Agents do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of the present invention is to produce pictures in cement or analogous
material by a mixed process of incrustation, deposition, and inlaying.
The apparatus made use of consists of a table frame (ie., one without a top), a
shelf held at a short distance below the top of the table on bearers, a sheet of
glass on which the cement picture is made, loose bars adapted to define its length,
width and thickness, brushes, spatulas and the usual outfit of a modeller and
polisher.
The process of manufacture consists of the following steps.
(a.) The glass sheet is laid on the top of the table frame and the loose bars are
arranged upon it so as to define the position as well as the dimensions of the picture
to be made.
(b.) The oil painting to be copied is adjusted upon the shelf under the frame of
loose bars mentioned in the preceding paragraph and fixed in the desired position
with reference to the said frame, or the latter is adjusted with reference to the
position of the picture.
(c.) The leading colours of the original are counted and coloured cements mixed
to correspond.
(d.) The cements are tempered and the palette charged.
(e.) The glass plate is greased, the colours are laid on, following the original,
care being taken to lay the cement on thick enough. For the colours other than
the principal ones, the colours are blended as in oil painting.
(f) On the completion of the cement picture, the inequalities in its surface are
removed or made up, and cement added to the level of the top of the loose bars
forming the dimension frame.
(g.) After the cement has become hard enough, the bars are removed, and next,
the cement picture which is a reversed reproduction of the original.
(.) The cement picture is polished or varnished only.
Dated this 18th day of May 1895.
HENRY H. LEIGH.

page_text: Improvements in and connected with the Manufacture of Pictures
in Cement or analogous Material.
I, HENRY HARINGTON LEIGH, Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., Fel. Ch. Inst. P.A.,
F.I. Inst., practising as Phillips and Leigh of No. 22 Southampton Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Engineers and Patent Agents, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
The object of the present invention is to produce pictures in cement or analogous
material, by a process of incrustation.
The apparatus which I make use of to achieve the purpose of the invention, is
illustrated in the accompanying drawing which is to be taken as part of this
Specification and read therewith.
T is a table frame (.e., one without a top) provided with a slab C; bearers or
rails A; a glass plate E; a mirror B; iron bars F, brushes, spatulas, and the
usual outfit of a modeller and polisher.
The process of manufacturing in coloured cement an oil painting D, for
example, duly mounted or stretched the latter being laid upon the slab C, consists
of the following steps.
Step No. 1. The table T being set out quite level, the glass plate E is laid upon
it, and upon that, the iron bars F. The function of the latter is to define the
length, breadth and thickness of the cement picture.
Step No. 2. The oil painting D is placed in position upon the slab C and held
down thereon by pins. The slab, with the picture on it is slid upon the ties A.
The bars F are next adjusted to the desired outline of the cement picture.
Step No. 3. The principal colours of the oil painting D are counted and
coloured cements in corresponding quantity are prepared.
Step No. 4. The prepared cements are then tempered and the palette charged,
as heretofore, with a certain quantity of each colour.
Step No. 5. After the glass plate E has been greased, the several colours are
laid on with brushes, following the respective originals in the oil painting D
underneath upon the slab C. The cements are then laid on as thick as possible.
For the colours other than the principal ones, resort is had to blending as in
painting in oils.
To judge the effect of the cement picture, it is only necessary to draw back the
slab C with the painting D. The cement picture will then be reflected by the
mirror B. Moreover, it is evident that, when there is no original under process
of being copied, the slab C and the painting D may be omitted from the
apparatus.
Step No. 6. When the cement picture is finished, the inequalities of surface are
removed or made up, and the whole made up to the level of the bars with ordinary
white cement, thus forming a backing.
Step No. 7. After the cement has hardened sufficiently, the bars F are removed
and then the slab of cement which is a reversed reproduction of the painting D.
Step No. 8. The cement picture is polished in the usual way, or it is merely
varnished.
A little practice makes the worker an expert with his coloured cements as an
artist with his oil colours.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved process for producing a picture in cement or analogous material,
consisting in placing over the picture to be copied, a glass plate, applying upon
this latter portions of the selected materials coloured to correspond with the
respective portions of the picture to be copied which is held visible through the
glass plate, adding a backing, leaving the material to dry and removing the slab
from the glass plate, as set forth.
Dated this 18th day of February 1896.