MACHINERY FOR AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING TILES OF AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION
Year: 1886

page_text: We GEORGE WOOLLISCROFT of Lichfield Street, Hanley, in the County of
Stafford Tile Manufacturer and THOMAS FREEMAN of Florence, Stoke on Trent, in
the County of Stafford Agent do hereby declare the nature of our invention
for "MACHINERY FOR AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING TILES OF AN IMPROVED
CONSTRUCTION" to be as follows:-
Our Invention has for its objects the manufacture of Tiles in such a manner as
to increase their security in being affixed to Walls, Roofs, and other surfaces and
to prevent the danger of their detachment through frost, moisture, or other
agencies.
In order to effect these objects we make our Tiles with one or more grooves on
the back or reverse sides with a small opening or aperture enlarging inwards at
an acute angle whereby when the Cement, Mortar, or other plastic bedding is
forced by pressure into the groove or grooves it gradually expands to the enlarged
configuration of the groove or grooves forming a key or dovetail connection with
Cement, Mortar or other plastic bedding thus securing a perfect hold of the Tile.
These grooves may be made to cross or be cut into the reverse of the Tiles in
any direction that may be desired. Where Tiles used in internal work are subjected
to damp as in the case of Lavatories, Dairies, and Basements, or on external Walls,
subject to the variations of heat and cold this method of affixing prevents the risk
of detachment, and consequent breakage of Tiles.
The Machinery for making these Tiles, in addition to the ordinary hand or
steam press, is a Cutter or Die of Steel, Iron, or any other hard substance formed
with raised ridges or projections of the shape of the groove or grooves aforesaid
with sharp polished surfaces and edges if necessary so that after the Tile has been
made in the press, by a lateral motion of the Tile on the Cutter (or by the Cutter
or Die on the Tile), the groove or grooves are formed of the key or dovetail shape
as aforesaid.

page_text: We claim also the right to construct these grooves by manual labour by moulding
them, or by machinery working by vertical, lateral or any other motion.
These grooves although we prefer to make them the shape of the Key or dovetail
as described may be constructed in a modified form, the principle however being
that the opening or aperture is smaller than the inner part of the groove or
grooves,
Improved Construction.
We GEORGE WOOLLISCROFT of Lichfield Street, Hanley, in the County of
Stafford, Tile Manufacturer, and THOMAS FREEMAN, of Florence, Stoke on Trent, in
the County of Stafford Agent do hereby declare the nature of our invention
for "MACHINERY FOR AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING TILES OF AN IMPROVED
CONSTRUCTION' and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
"
Our Invention has for its objects the manufacture of Tiles, in such a manner as
to increase their security in being affixed to Walls, Roofs, and other surfaces, and
to prevent the danger of their detachment through frost, moisture, or other agencies.
In order to effect these objects we make our Tiles with one or more grooves on the
back or reverse sides with a small opening or aperture enlarging inwards at an
acute angle whereby when the Cement, Mortar, or other plastic bedding is forced
by pressure into the groove or grooves it gradually expands to the enlarged con-
figuration of the groove or grooves forming a "key" or "dovetail" connection with
Cement, Mortar, or other plastic bedding, thus securing a perfect hold of the Tile.
These grooves may be made to cross or be cut into the reverse of the Tiles
in any direction that may be desired. Where Tiles used in internal work are
subjected to damp, as in the case of Lavatories, Dairies, and Basements, or on
external walls, subject to the variations of heat and cold this method of affixing
prevents the risk of detachment, and consequent breakage of Tiles.
The Machinery for making these Tiles in addition to the ordinary hand or steam
press is a Cutter or Die, of Steel, Iron, or any other hard substance formed with
raised ridges or projections of the shape of the groove or grooves aforesaid, with
sharp polished surfaces, and edges, if necessary, so that after the Tile has been

page_text: made in the press by a lateral motion of the Tile on the Cutter, (or by the Cutter
or Die on the Tile) the groove or grooves are formed of the "key" or "dovetail "
shape as aforesaid.
We claim also the right to construct these grooves by manual labour, by moulding
them, or by machinery working by vertical, lateral, or any other motion.
These grooves, although we prefer to make them the shape of the "Key" or
"Dovetail" as described, may be constructed in a modified form the principle
however, being that the opening or aperture is smaller than the inner part of the
groove or grooves.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:--
1. A system of constructing the reverse side of Tiles to obtain security in fixing
them to Walls, Roofs, and other surfaces.
2. The Machinery and appliances for making same,