Improvement in the Manufacture of Paints.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Oct., 1890-Accepted, 28th Feb., 1891
COME LEIE
SPECIFICATION.
'
Improvement in the Manufacture of Paints.
I, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS HALL, of Bellows Falls, in the County of Windham,
State of Vermont, United States of America, Merchant, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the manufacture of paints and consists in a novel com-
position, or mixture of ingredients, which may be termed "water paints." The
substance briefly stated, consists of a dry powder the component parts of which will
be subsequently disclosed. When desired for use it is to be mixed in boiling water
using preferably four parts powder to three parts water.
The object of my invention is to produce a paint, which does not scale off or
crack; further, one which does not contain oil, hence very cheaply made; and
lastly, one which furnishes a coating or finish highly fireproof and very lasting.
To produce a new chemical compound, which, after being mixed with water and
allowed to dry, shall possess certain distinctive features of its own, as above pre-
mised, I proceed as follows; the base of the powder or compound which is to be
mixed in a dry state, is to consist of hydrous silicate of magnesia. To this is
added a certain amount of dextrine, while calcined plaster or gypsum, as a suitable
setting material, is united with the above; lastly a small quantity of carbonate of
calcium and powdered alum and salt are thoroughly incorporated with them.
The above combination of ingredients are now in readiness for use.
The proportions which I use and from which the best results are obtained, to
produce my new compound are as follows:-
One hundred pounds of hydrous silicate of magnesia, twelve pounds of dextrine;
twelve pounds of calcined plaster or gypsum five pounds of carbonate of calcium,
four pounds of powdered alum and two pounds of chloride of sodium, or common
salt, I do not desire to be limited however to the above specific or exact proportions,
since some of these ingredients may be increased and some diminished in quantity,
to produce certain desired changes in the effects of the paint; as for example, to
make it harder or to give it a higher lustre or for other purposes.
After compounding this powder, and to render it applicable after the manner of
common paint, preferably four parts of the powder are to be mixed with three parts
of water, the latter at boiling point. Hot water preferably added first in order to
dissolve the more insoluble matter.
An immediate and thorough stirring should now occur, when the paint should
then be of the consistency of cream. When necessary to use it in a more dilute
form, it may be reduced by the addition of cold water.
This paint differs essentially from common paint, since no oil or spirits are
employed; further it differs radically from kalsomine, since it does not spot with
water, and does not soften with age nor does it rub off. Moreover it is highly fire-
proof and presents a very hard surface, consequently does not require frequent
retouching nor the need of repeated fresh applications. Colouring matter may be
added as taste or circumstances dictate.
This paint can be applied in a thicker condition than other materials for a similar
purpose, and therefore one coat of this will cover better than two applications of
ordinary paint or kalsomine.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1st. A dry paint composed of hydrous silicate of magnesia, dextrine, gypsum,

page_text: adapted to be applied as a surface covering in a liquid state, after the manner of
paint, by the addition of water, substantially as stated.
2nd. A paint composed of hydrous silicate of magnesia, dextrine, gypsum,
carbonate of calcium, powdered alum, and salt, in the form of a powder, combined
with hot water to reduce it to a proper consistency, substantially as herein set
forth.
3rd. A paint composed of hydrous silicate of magnesia dextrine, gypsum,
carbonate of calcium, powdered alum and salt combined with hot water and with
suitable colouring pigments, substantially as and for purposes specified.
Dated this Twenty-second day of September 1890.
WILLIAM AUGUSTUS HALL.