IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING MACHINES
Year: 1884

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I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
PRINTING MACHINES" which Invention has been communicated to me from abroad
by R. Hoe and Company of the City County and State of New York in the United
States of America Printing Machine Manufacturers to be as follows:--
This Invention bas reference to the class of machinery described in the
Specification of Letters Patent No 1127 dated 27th March 1875.
According to the present Invention a device is employed for reversing without
transferring laterally the sides of a travelling web or of sheets in tapes. The
expression without transferring laterally is explained as follows:-If parallel lines
are drawn longitudinally on a web and the web is passed through any apparatus
which reverses it but so that the web as a whole undergoes no lateral transfer then
it is clear that the central longitudinal line of the web is not transferred laterally,
but that all the longitudinal lines to the right of the said central line are
transferred to the left of the said line and all the longitudinal lines to the left of it
are transferred to the right of it. Hence if a web be passed through the apparatus
so that its central line lies to the right or left of the central line of another web
going through it without lateral transfer the first mentioned web will undergo
lateral transfer to the left or right equal to twice the distance between the said
central lines. In other words every device which will reverse without transferring
a web may be also used to reverse and transfer it. But the converse proposition is
not true, that every reversing and transferring apparatus may likewise be used
without modification for the purpose of reversing without lateral transfer. The
device herein described may therefore be also used to reverse a web and transfer it
laterally.
The means by which this result is accomplished according to this Invention
consists in passing the web round a cone and thence round a suitably disposed
cylinder arranged at an angle to the said cone.
The vertical angle of the cone may be varied but it is convenient to select for the
vertical angle thereof some angle between about eighteen and forty degrees, The

page_text: web entering the cone must approach the said cone in the plane which touches it
along the generating line thereof. The web is caused to make one complete wrap
round the cone and is then conducted to the cylinder hereinbefore named arranged
at an angle thereto and since the web makes one wrap round the cone it will leave
it along the same generating line at. which it entered it. The angle which the
edge of the web on entering the cone makes with the edge of the web on leaving
the cone is independent of the angle which the edge of the web makes with the
generating line of the cone and depends only on the vertical angle of the cone.
The angle which the cylinder makes with the edge of the web also depends on the
vertical angle of the cone and should equal one half of the said angle. It is not
necessary that the web should make a complete wrap round the cone provided the
position of the cylinder be suitably changed.

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I JOHN HENRY JOHNSON of 47 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of this Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
PRINTING MACHINES" which Invention has been communicated to me from abroad
by R. Hoe & Company of the City County and State of New York in the United
States of America Printing Machine Manufacturers and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:—
This Invention has reference to the class of machinery described in the
Specification of Letters Patent No 1127 dated 27th March 1875.
According to the present Invention a device is employed for reversing without
transferring laterally, the sides of a travelling web or of sheets in tapes. The
expression without transferring laterally is explained as follows. If parallel lines
are drawn longitudinally on a web and the web is passed through any apparatus
which reverses it, but so that the web as a whole undergoes no lateral transfer,
then it is clear that the central longitudinal line of the web is not transferred
laterally, but that all the longitudinal lines to the right of the said central line, are
transferred to the left of the said central line; and all the longitudinal lines to the
left of the central line are transferred to the right of the said central line. Hence
if a web be passed through the apparatus so that its central line lies to the right or
left of the central line of another web going through it without lateral transfer, the
first mentioned web will undergo lateral transfer to the left or right equal to twice
the distance between the said central lines. In other words every device which
will reverse without transferring a web may be also used to reverse and transfer
it. But the converse proposition is not true, that every reversing and transferring
apparatus may likewise be used without modification for the purpose of reversing
without lateral transfer. The device herein described may therefor be also used to
reverse a web and transfer it laterally.
And in order that this Invention may be clearly understood I will now describe
the means by which the above result is accomplished and for that purpose shall
refer to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 of which is a plan view and Figure 2
a side view of a device for carrying out this Invention A is a cone or cone like
turner around which the travelling web to be reversed is passed and thence round
a cylinder or bar suitably arranged.
The vertical angle of the cone shewn in the drawing is about 29°. Cones with
different vertical angles may however be used instead thereof; but it is convenient
to select for the vertical angle of the cone some angle between about eighteen and
forty degrees. O P is the generating line in which the web enters the cone, and
of course it must approach the cone in the plane which touches the cone along the
the said generating line O, P. The web makes one complete wrap round the cone,
and is then conducted to a suitably placed cylinder or bar D', D, since the web
makes just one wrap round the cone it will leave it along the same generating
line OP at which it entered it.
The angle which the edge of the web on entering the cone makes with the edge
of the web on leaving it, is independent of the angle Y S P which the edge of the

page_text: web makes with the generating line O, P, and it depends only on the vertical
angle of the cone. When the said vertical angle is about 29°, the said angle
between the edges will be about 90°, as shewn in the drawing. In fact the said
angle expressed in degrees equals 360 multiplied by the sine of half the vertical
angle of the cone. And the angle which the cylinder or bar D* D* makes with the
edge of the web also depends only on the vertical angle of the cone, in fact, it
equals half the last mentioned angle (ie half the angle between the edge of the
web on entering and its edge on leaving the cone) It is convenient not to make
the angle Y. S. P great, the less it be the less will be the vertical angle of the cone,
In the drawing Y S P is an angle of about 30°. Thus in the case illustrated in
the drawings it is easy to fix the relative positions of the cone and cylinder. The
cylinder D* D* must be fixed so that it almost touches the line O_P* (allowing
sufficient space for the web to pass freely) and so that its axis makes an angle
of 75° with O P and is parallel to the plane touching the cone along O P*. If
preferred, the contrary side of the web to that shewn in the drawings may come in
contact with the cylinder; in which case the cylinder or bar D* must of course be
fixed so that its upper instead of its under surface is in contact with the tangent
plane along O P. When, thus fixed, the planes of the webs entering and leaving
the apparatus will be coincident, instead of (as in the drawings see figure 2)
parallel and distant from one another by the diameter of the cylinder. The
distance of the cylinder D* D* from the vertex 0 of the cone will obviously depend
on the breadth of the broadest web which it is designed to reverse and of course
each end of the cone may be suitably cut away, as indicated in figure 2. The cone
and cylinder being thus fixed and the edge of the web on entering making an angle
of 30° with O P the web will issue as shewn, A* denoting one side of the web
and B the other side.
It is easy to express briefly by the use of elementary mathematical symbols, the
relative situations of the cone and cylinder for any vertical angle thus :-
Let 2 = vertical angle of cone and bangle Y, S, P4, Then, the Angle the
axis of the cylinder makes with O, P, = b + 180 sin a and O U = OS × cosec
(b+ 360 sin a) x sin b.
It is not necessary that the web should make a complete wrap round the cone
provided the position of the cylinder is suitably changed; but it is in general,
convenient for it to do so, and I have therefore chosen that case for illustration by
the drawings.
When it is desired to sever the web into sheets before passing it through the
apparatus the sheets must of course travel between tapes in the usual way. The
tapes should be passed through the apparatus in the manner previously explained
with reference to the web, and since they will not in general come out opposite to
the position they had on entering, their ends must be run together by means of
guide pullies or other suitable devices.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The combination of a cone or conelike turner and a cylinder (or bar) whereby
the sides of a travelling web or of sheets carried between tapes are reversed all
substantially as described.