Improvements in Spinning-machines.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 4th Apr., 1896
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spinning-machines.
1, JOSEPH AUGUSTUS MILLER, of Butler Exchange, in the City of Providence,
County of Providence, State of Rhode Island, United States of America, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention has reference to an improvement in the yarn and roving controlling
devices of spinning-machines.
In spinning-machines, whether throstle, or ring-spinning machines, the roving
passes through a set of drawing-rolls where it is drawn out and then passes to the
bobbin, cop, or spindle,-between the drawing-rolls and the spindle the drawn-out
roving is twisted into yarn. The yarn is liable to break from various causes and
when it does break the roving coutinues its passage through the drawing-rolls and
is usually wound up on an auxiliary or clearer roll placed under the front drawing-
roll and makes waste. In connecting the broken end of the thread again to the
roving the operative draws out a length of yarn from the bobbin, cop, or spindle,
then finds the roving and separates it from the waste on the clearer-roll and then
unites the yarn with the roving. The speed or revolutions of the spindles is
limited to the speed at which the ends of yarn can be united with the roving before
the drawn-out length of yarn is wound on the spindle. The speed of the spindles,
particularly in ring-spiuning machines, can be greatly increased and, consequently,
the production of yarn, when the time required for piecing up, or uniting the thread
end with the roving, is diminished.
One object of this invention is to prevent the passage of the roving through
the drawing-rolls when the thread is broken and thereby prevent the waste of
roving.
Another object of the invention is to increase the speed of the spindles and the
production of yarn by facilitating the piecing up of the broken yarn.
And another object of the invention is to facilitate the doffing of the bobbins or
cops by automatically raising the guide wire out of the way of the bobbins
or cops.
The invention consists in the peculiar and novel construction of the yarn-guide
and the roving-stop whereby the roving is clamped as near as possible to the
bite of the rear of the drawing-rolls so that when released it will automatically
resume its passage through the drawing-rolls, as will be more fully set forth
hereinafter.
In the drawings the devices shown are constructed and proportioned to cooperate
with the drawing-rolls and spindles of ring-spinning machines.
Figure 1 is a sectional view of part of a ring-spinning machine showing the
yarn-guide and roving-stop.
Figure 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the roving-rod and parts connected
therewith.
Figure 3 is a rear view of the roving-rod and the roving-guide.
Figure is a front view of the roving-rod and roving-guide.
Figure 5 is a sectional view of the adjustable post on which the yarn-guide is
supported.
Figure 6 is a transverse sectional view of parts of a spinning-machine showing
the yaru-guide and the roving-guide connected therewith."

page_text: Figure 7 is a transverse sectional view showing the connection with the yarn-
guide of a modified form of roving-stop.
Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.
In the drawings 1 designates the front-beam of the spinning-machine, 2 the
supporting post of the drawing-rolls, 3 the delivery-roll, 4 the intermediate
drawing-roll, 5 the feed-roll, and 6, 6, the top-rolls, 7 the roving, 8 the yarn, 9 the
bobbin on which the yarn is wound, 10 the roving-rod, and 11 the roving-guide or
trumpet.
In place of the thread-guide boards usually projecting from the front beam in
the outer end of which the pig-tail or guide-eye is securel, I use a pivoted and
counterweighted arm, consisting of the lever 12 on which the counterweight 13 is
adjustably secured, and to the front end of the lever 12 I secure the arm 14,
preferably of wire, the end of which is bent into the usual pig-tail to form the
guide-eye 15.
The guide-eye 15 requires to be firmly supported and must be accurately adju-ted
in connection with the spindle on which the bobbin 9 is supported; to secure such
accurate independent adjustment I have constructed the post 16 shown in Figure 5
in practically its natural size. The post is at its lower end provided with an
external screw-thread with which the nut 17 engages, the post is also internally
screw-threaded and the bolt 18 engages with the internal screw-thread, a hole of
the diameter, or about the diameter, of the screw-threaded lower end of the post 16
is made in the upper part of the front-beam, the nut 17 bears on the top surface
and the head of the bolt 18 on the lower surface of the beam, a washer may here
be used, as is shown in the drawings, to secure a better bearing. The bolt 18 being
of less diameter than the hole in the beam, the post may be adjusted laterally in
every direction and by the relative adjustment of the bolt 18 and nut 17 on the
screw-threaded portions of the post 16 the same may be adjusted vertically and
thereby the yaru-guide-eye 15 can be accurately adjusted to the exact position
desired while the arm 14 retains its support on the front beam.
The counterbalanced and adjustably-supported yarn-guide above described has
many advantages over the fixed guide-eye heretofore used; i can be adjusted
accurately with reference to the spindle, it can be brought vertically nearer to
or further from the cop or bobbin,--the counterweight can be adjusted with
reference to the strain of the yarn on the guide-eye so as to detect any weakness
in the yarn, or so adjusted that tender yarn will more readily pass to the bobbin
without breaking. When the yarn breaks the yarn-guide will be automatically
raised into the position shown in broken lines in Figures 1 and 6 and attract the
attention of the attendant, and when the spinning-machine is stopped the yarn-
guide also rises into the position shown in broken lines, the filled bobbins can then
be removed and replaced by empty bobbins. When the machine is started up the
thread-guides automatically resume their operative positions.
To prevent the wasting of the roving and facilitate the piecing up of broken
yarn, I connect with and operate, by the adjustable counterweighted yarn-guide
heretofore described, a roving-stop,-the one shown in Figure 1 and enlarged in
Figures 2, 3 and 4 consists in the stop 19 pivotally secured to the short end of the
lever 20 which lever is pivoted on the roving-rod 10 and connected at its longer
end by the flexible connecting-rod 21 with the lever 12. In Figure 6 the stop-
rod 19 is connected with the bracket 121 on the lever 12 so as to operate directly
on the roving passing through the roving-trumpet 11, and the device shown in
Figure 7 consists in the flexible connecting-rod 22 connected with the lever 12 at
the lower eud, and with the cam 23 pivotally secured to the roving-trumpet 11.
The specific construction shown may be varied so as to best adapt the devices to
the machines to which they are to be attached, the essential aim being to firmly
hold the roving from passing through the drawing-rolls when the yarn is broken and
at such close proximity to the feed-rolls that the fiber will be in touch with the
feed-rolls and will be automatically drawn through the drawing-rolls when the roving
is released.

page_text: I will now more fully describe the operation of the devices. When from any
eause the yarn between the bobbin and the front or delivery roll 3 breaks the strain
on the guide-eye 15 is released, the weight 13 depresses the lever 12 and raises the
guide-eye into the position shown in broken lines in Figures 1 and 6, the tilting
motion of the lever 12 communicates motion to the lever 20 and brings the stop 19
against the upper surface of the roving-trumpet 11 pressing hard on the roving
and firmly holding the same. In the device shown in Figure 6 the stop rod 191
performs the same functions but more directly, and as the bracket 12' and the stop-
rud 19 form a toggle-jointed leverage they exert more pressure on the roving. In
the device shown in Figure 7, the cam 23 is drawn down on the roving to hold the
same. In all the devices the draught of the drawing-rolls on the roving increases
the pressure with which it is held. In the devices shown in Figures 1, 2 and 6, the
strain on the roving exerted by the drawing-rolls draws the stop 19 or 191 toward the
Sinall end of the trumpet 11, and in the device of Figure 7 the cam 23 is drawn
toward the drawing-rolls and the pressure is increased.
In practice it is found that the strain on the roving of the feed-roll 5 is not
sufficient to break the same but that the roving will part at a point between the
intermediate drawing-roll 4 and the feed-roll 5 and that for a considerable time
the roving will be held between the feed-roll 5 and the top-roll bearing on the same,
the weight on this top-roll being much less than on the top-rolls bearing on the
drawing-rolls 3 and 4.
In piecing up a broken end the attendant draws out a length of yarn, depresses
the yarn-guide while passing the yarn into the guide-eye 15, the depressing of the
yarn-guide releases the roving which is instantly drawn through the drawing-rolls
and automatically presents itself for connection with the thread, the operation is
eo quick and certain that an operative can easily piece up the broken threads
when the spindles are turning at the highest possible speed. The spindles on a
spinning-machine provided with this improvement can be turned at from thirty to
sixty or even one hundred per cent. greater speed and thereby the production
increased correspondingly with less attendance and practically without making auy
waste. A spinning-machine with this improvement can be run for a considerable
time without any attendance, without making waste and with nearly the maximum
production of
yarn.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :
Claim 1. In a spinning-machine, the combination with the drawing-rolls and the
device on which the yarn is wound, of the pivoted counterweighted yarn-guide and
the adjustable support therefor whereby the yarn is guided from the drawing-rolls
to the twisting and winding device, as described.
2. In a spinning-machine, the combinan with the drawing-rolls, and the
spindle supporting the device on which the yarn is wound, of a yarn-guide
consisting of the lever 12 provided with an adjustable counterweight, the arin 14
and the guide-eye 15, and the adjustable post 16 whereby the guide-eye may be
adjusted to the spindle and the tension on the yarn adjusted by the counterweight,
as described.
3. In a spinning-machine, the combination with the drawing-rolls, the roving-
rod provided with a roving-guide, and the device on which the yarn is wound,
of a pivoted yarn-guide provided with an adjustable counterweight, and a
roving-stop connected with and operated by the pivoted yarn-guide whereby when
the yarn breaks the roving is clainped in such close proximity to the drawing-rolls
that on the release of the roving the same will pass automatically through the
drawing-rolls, as described.
4. In a spinning-machine, the combination with the bubbin, the drawing-rolls,
the roving-rod, and a roving-clamp, of the pivoted and counterweighted yarn-guide,
and the post 16 externally and internally screw-threaded and provided with the

page_text: nut 17 and bolt 18 whereby the yarn-guide and the roving-clamp can be adjusted
with reference to the spindle and the roving-guide, as described.
5. The combination with the drawing-rolls, the spindle, the roving-rod, and the
front-beam of a spinning-machine, of the adjustable post 16, the yarn-guide pivoted
thereon, a roving-stop connected with the pivoted yarn-guide, and an adjustable
weight whereby when the yarn breaks the weight operates the yarn-guide and the
roving-stop to arrest the passage of the roving through the drawing-rolls, in the
manner herein described.
6. The combination with the drawing-rolls, the spindle, and the roving-guide of
a spinning-machine, of the pivoted and counterweighted yarn-guide, the lever 20
pivoted on the roving-rod, the roving-stop 19 connected with the lever 20, and the
Hexible connection 21; whereby on the breaking of the yarn the roving is clamped
in close proximity to the drawing-rolls and when released automatically passes
through the drawing-rolls, as described.
7. In a spinuing-machine, the combination with the drawing-rolls, the spindle, and
the roving-guide, of the yarn-guide consisting of the pivoted lever 12 provided with
the adjustable counterweight 13, the arm 14 and guide-eye 15, and the stop-rod 191
connected with and operated by the yarn-guide and adapted to clamp the roving in
close proximity to the drawing-rolls, whereby when the yarn breaks the passage of
the roving through the drawing rolls is arrested and automatically resumed when
the yarn-guide is depressed, as described.
Dated this 7th day of December AD 1805
JOSEPH AUGUSTUS MILLER.
Haseltine, Lake & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.