Apparatus for Conveying Reduced or Granular or Pulverulent Materials.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Feb., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 18th Nov., 1890-Accepted. 20th Dec., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Conveying Reduced or Granular or Pulverulent
Materials.
I, HANS BITTINGER of Brunswick, Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a construction of channels for conveying reduced or
granular or pulverulent substances, and it is based on the observation that channels of
the cross section shewn in Figs. 1 to 16 of the accompanying drawings, when having
a horizontal curvilinear or oblique shaking motion imparted to them, will cause the
granular or pulverulent material fed into them, to travel along in a longitudinal
direction. Fig. 17 shews the description of motion for a channel of the section shewn
at Fig. 1. A particle at the point P, for example, if acted upon by a circular motion
in a horizontal plane would pass through the path PP' P P P ; but the inclination of
the side c has a retarding action upon such motion in such manner that the particle
does not pass through the path P P', but through ¹³; the second part of its travel
then takes place through a path ³ ³ owing to the acceleration which it receives from
the inclined surface. If now the particle Phas arrived at ³, it will move through a
path which is the resultant of the accelerated downward motion and the horizontal
circular path on the straight part of the channel, until it reaches *, where it impinges
upon the vertical side of the channel and then repeats the above described motion
from such point of impact. The particle, and consequently the whole of the material
therefore, gradually advances in the channel at each successive stroke a distance equal
to Pπ'.
With a shaking motion in an oblique direction to the length of the channel, the
action will be similar; but the particle P does then not perform movements in con-
nected curved paths, but in zig zag paths as at Fig. 19.
It is evident that any number of such channels may be arranged side by side, but
it is advisable to employ channels of the sections shewn in Figs. 2, 5, 6, 7, 8 &c. in
which one or more intermediate partitions inclined at a certain angle, are employed,
or such as shewn at Fig. 16, in which the side walls are also inclined.
All the above described channels, give a considerably accelerated travel on account
of the material being projected by the rapid motion, against the inwardly inclined
surfaces from which it is then again propelled in a similar manner to that above
described.
In place of the inclined sides and flat bottom, may be used a curved surface such
as is shewn at Figs. 4, 11, 12 &c. or the bottoms may be inclined or curved and the
sides vertical as at Figs. 5 and 6. The action of these constructions is similar to that
of channels of the previously described sections.
If a part of the material to be conveyed along is required to continually cover the
bottom of the channel to a certain depth as is the case, for example, in sieving
apparatus, it is necessary that this portion shall not participate in the travel of the
other part, and this is effected by employing channels of the construction shewn at
Figs. 8, 10, 12 &c. In these constructions, the partitions do not extend to the bottom
of the channel, but leave a larger or smaller opening for the passage of the material
in motion, according as may be desired.
With this arrangement only that portion of the material will be made to advance
that is brought in contact with the inclined surface, while the particles below
these will move in closed curves, and will consequently not partake of the advancing
motion.
As indicated at Fig. 12 &c. these partitions that do not reach to the bottom may
also ha formed Steved

page_text: If the material is to be sifted during the transit the bottoms of the channels are
made as sieves.
As before stated, all the side walls of the channel may be inclined, as shewn at
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Apparatus for Conveying Reduced or Granular or Pulverulent
Materials.
I, HANS BITTINGER, of Brunswick, Germany, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to a construction of channels for conveying reduced or
granular or pulverulent substances and it is based on the observation that channels
of the cross sections shown in Figs. 1 to 21 of the accompanying drawings, when
having a horizontal curvilinear or oblique shaking motion imparted to them, will cause
the granular or pulverulent material fed into them to travel along in a longitudinal
direction.
Fig. 22 shews the description of motion for a channel of the section shewn at
Fig. 1.
A particle at the point P, for example, if acted upon by a circular motion in a
horizontal plane would pass through the path P P1 P2 P3 P, but the inclination of the
side c has a retarding action upon such motion in such manner that the particle does
not pass through the path P P but through ¹²; the second part of its travel then
takes place through a path ³ ³ owing to the acceleration which it receives from the
inclined surface. If now the particle P has arrived at it will move through a path
which is the resultant of the accelerated downward motion and the horizontal circular
path on the straight part of the channel, until it reaches *, where it impinges upon
the vertical side of the channel and then repeats the above described motion from
such point of impact. The particle, and consequently the whole of the material,
therefore gradually advances in the channel at each successive stroke a distance equal
to P π¹.
With a shaking motion in an oblique direction to the length of the channel, the
action will be similar; but the particle P does then not perform movements in con-
nected curved paths but in zig zag paths as at Fig. 24.
It is evident that any number of such channels may be arranged side by side, but
it is advisable to employ channels of the sections shown in Figures 2, 5, 6, 7, 8 etc. in
which one or more intermediate partitions inclined at a certain angle, are employed
or such as shewn in Figure 16 in which the side walls are also inclined.
All the above described channels give a considerably accelerated travel on account
of the material being projected by the rapid motion against the inwardly inclined
surfaces from which it is then again propelled in a similar manner to that above
described.
In place of the inclined side and flat bottom may be used a curved surface such
as is shown at Figures 4, 11, 12 etc. or the bottoms may be inclined or curved and the
sides vertical as at Figures 5, 5* and 6. The action of these constructions is similar
to that of channels of the previously described sections.
To accelerate the conveying of the material it is advisable to give the channels the
form shewn in Figures 17 to 21.
The material is made to advance by the horizontal shaking motion of the apparatus
in connected curved loops, as shewn in Figure 23, and remains in its place owing to
the high resistance opposed by the rough wall of the channel until another impulse is
given to cause the material to advance anew. The wall opposite to the rough wall of
the channel is smooth, so that the material travels along without any perceptible

page_text: friction. "The manner in which the roughened wan is formen, is of no importance.
The means by which this purpose can be attained, in a higher or lower degree, are so
various that it would not be possible to explain them here all singly.
The constructions most suitable for use are illustrated in Figures 17 to 21 of the
accompanying drawing.
In Figure 17 the roughened wall a is formed by pins arranged either one above the
other or in such a manner, that each pin is above or below the intermediate space left
between two pins of the adjacent upper or lower range of pins.
Figure 18 is a cross section of a channel in which the roughened wall a consists of
roughened sheet metal or of a card cloth, while :
At Figure 19 the wall a is formed by pyramid shaped projections or prismatical laths
running in the longitudinal direction of the channel and between which the material
is, so to speak, wedged in.
The channels illustrated in Figures 20 and 21 have the roughened wall formed with
rings, staples, spirals etc., in which the material is caught.
If a part of the material to be conveyed along is required to continually cover the
bottom of the channel to a certain depth as is the case, for example, in sieving
apparatus, it is necessary that this portion shall not participate in the travel of the
other part and this is effected by employing channels of the construction shewn at
Figures 8, 10, 12 etc. In these constructions the partitions do not extend to the
bottom of the channel, but leave a larger or smaller opening for the passage of the
material in motion, according as may be desired.
With this arrangement only that portion of the material will be made to advance
that is brought in contact with the inclined surfaces while the particles below
these will move in closed curves and will consequently not partake of the advancing
motion.
As indicated at Figure 12 etc. these partitions that do not reach to the bottom may
also be formed curved.
If the material is to be sifted during the transit the bottoms of the channels are
made as sieves.
As before stated, all the side walls of the channel may be inclined, as shewn at
Figure 16.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A horizontal or nearly horizontal channel for conveying reduced or granular or
pulverulent substances by means of a horizontal curvilinear or oblique shaking
motion, which channel is characterised by a horizontal or nearly horizontal bottom
and by side walls joined at an optional angle or in a curve to the bottom, substantially
as described.
2. In channels for conveying reduced or granular or pulverulent substances
characterised in the first claim the arrangement of intermediate partitions and side
walls having a flat or curved side surface and inclined at an optional angle to the
bottom of the channel, substantially as described.
3. In channels for conveying reduced or granular or pulverulent substances, the
combination of the intermediate partitions with each other and with the side walls by
bottoms, which are inclined or curved at an optional angle to the bottom surface,
substantially as described with reference to Figures 5 and 6 of the drawings.
4. In the channels referred to in the preceding claims the arrangement of the
intermediate partitions at a certain distance above the bottom in order to form by this
means a passage for the material which is not to be conveyed, substantially as
described with reference to Figures 8, 10, 12 and 14.
5. In the channels referred to in the preceding claims the formation of the bottom
as a sieve for the purpose of sifting the material during the transit.
6. Conveying channels having horizontal or inclined bottoms and a curvilinear or
shaking motion imparted to them, in which channels the advancing motion of the

page_text: material to be conveyed is produced by an artificially increased friction against one of
the walls of the channel, substantially as set forth and shown in the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 10th day of Novemba 1000
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.