Year: 1886

page_text: We, EDWARD PATTERSON, of 90 Smeaton Street, Kirkdale, Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Mechanist, and WILLIAM HENRY STRYPE of 41 Norwood
Grove, Liverpool, aforesaid, Accountant, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a construction of lamps for burning paraffin or other
similar oils such that should the lamp become overturned, or be moved sufficiently
out of its ordinary vertical attitude to be in danger of spilling the oil, the light or
flame will be automatically extinguished.
In one form of lamp suitable to take the place of an ordinary gas bracket, or
chandelier, there is an oil reservoir or cistern hereinafter called the main reservoir
placed at a distance from the vessel into which the wick dips (hereinafter called
the smaller reservoir) and above the same.
The two reservoirs are connected by a suitable pipe which establishes communi-
cation between them. The upper part of the main reservoir is also connected by
an air pipe with the smaller reservoir in such a manner that when oil is allowed to
run by gravity from the main reservoir into the smaller reservoir the latter can be
charged only to a given height above the inlet of the air pipe which becomes sealed
by the oil in the smaller reservoir. Thus in the event of the lighted lamp being
upset, the small quantity of oil contained in the smaller reservoir will deluge the
wick and extinguish the flame; instead of all the oil in the lamp being spilled, only
so small a quantity will escape as not to be dangerous.
The oil from the main reservoir is provided with valves so arranged that the
valve through which oil is supplied from the main to the smaller reservoir works
automatically with another one for filling the main reservoir, so that in no case
can oil be poured into the main reservoir while the supply pipe to the small one
is open.
By this arrangement the level of the oil in the smaller reservoir will be approxi-
mately at a given height whether the main reservoir be full or nearly empty,
and the smaller reservoir being small in comparison with the main reservoir will
cast very little shadow. In applying our invention to ordinary paraffin oil burning

page_text: lamps the smaller reservoir is made to extend inside and nearly to the bottom of the
ordinary globular supply reservoir so that in case the lamp gets upset instead of
the whole of the oil running out only sufficient escapes to extinguish the flame.
In some cases it may be found advantageous to modify the construction by
providing an enclosed space or receptacle between the smaller reservoir and the
main reservoir that may be charged with liquid such as water for example, the
arrangement being such that in case of the lamp becoming overturned little or no
oil would escape and the flame would be automatically extinguished.
We would have it understood that lamps of various forms may be constructed
according to our invention, and that the flame may be extinguished by either of the
before mentioned methods.

page_text: CORT LEID DIECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps for Burning Paraffin Oil or the like.
We EDWARD PATTERSON late of 90 Smeaton Street, Kirkdale, Liverpool, but now
of 24 Daniel Street, Everton, Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, and WILLIAM
HENRY STRYPE, of 41 Norwood Grove, Liverpool, aforesaid, Accountant, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a construction of lamps for burning paraffin, or other
similar oils, such that should the lamp be overturned, or be moved sufficiently
out of its ordinary vertical attitude to be in danger of spilling the oil the light or
flame will be automatically extinguished.
In one form of lamp suitable to take the place of an ordinary gas bracket, or
chandelier, there is an oil reservoir or cistern hereinafter called the main reservoir,
placed at a distance from the vessel into which the wick dips (hereinafter called the
smaller or wick reservoir,) and above the same. The two reservoirs are connected
by a suitable pipe which establishes communication between them.
The upper part of the main reservoir is also connected by an air pipe with the
smaller reservoir in such a manner that when oil is allowed to run by gravity from
the main reservoir into the smaller or wick reservoir, the latter can be charged
only to a given height above the inlet of the air pipe which becomes sealed by the
oil in the smaller reservoir.
Thus in the event of the lighted lamp being upset, the small quantity of oil
contained in the smaller reservoir will deluge the wick, and extinguish the flame;
instead of all the oil in the lamp being spilled, only so small a quantity will escape
as not to be dangerous.
The oil pipe and the main reservoir are provided with valves so arranged that
the valve through which oil is supplied from the main to the smaller or wick
reservoir works automatically with another one for filling the main reservoir, so
that in no case can oil be poured into the main reservoir while the supply pipe to
the small one is open.
By this arrangement the level of the oil in the smaller or wick reservoir will be
approximately at a given height whether the main reservoir be full or nearly
empty, and the smaller reservoir being small in comparison with the main reservoir
will cast very little shadow,
We would have it understood that lamps of various forms may be constructed
according to our invention.
The accompanying two sheets of drawings illustrate modifications of our invention,
in which Fig. 1. shews in vertical section an arrangement of a lamp for burning
paraffin oil or the like.
Fig. 2. shews a similar modified view suitable for a lamp for burning paraffin oil
or the like and having say for example a glass main oil supply reservoir and one
For more pendents attached..
A. is a main oil supply reservoir, it is placed above and at a distance from a
smaller reservoir B. in which is placed the lamp wick.

page_text: The reservoirs are connected to cach other by a supply pipe C. through which
the oil flows as it is consumed at the wick the supply being regulated and
maintained at an approximately constant level by the action of air admitted to
the main reservoir by an air pipe D. The main reservoir is made air tight except
where the pipe D. enters it..
Thus when oil flows from the main reservoir A. through the supply pipe C. to
the smaller or wick reservoir B. it will be replaced by air allowed to pass into the
main reservoir through the air pipe D.
As soon as the oil rises in the smaller or wick reservoir B. to a sufficient extent
to cover and seal the outer end of the air pipe terminating in the smaller or wick
reservoir, the flow of oil will for the time being cease.
As the oil is consumed the outer end of the air pipe will be uncovered thereby
allowing air to enter the main reservoir A. and causing oil to again flow to the
smaller or wick reservoir B. until the outer end of the air pipe becomes again
sealed by the oil.
Thus an approximately constant distance will be maintained between the flame
and the level of the oil in the smaller or wick reservoir whether the main reservoir
be full or nearly empty.
In the event of the lighted lamp being upset the small quantity of oil contained
in the smaller or wick reservoir B. will flow up between the wick and burner
tube E. and extinguish the flame instead of the whole of the oil contained in
the lamp being spilt as would be the case with lamps as heretofore usually
constructed.
When the lamp is again placed in its normal position the oil will flow into the
smaller or wick reservoir B from the main reservoir A. and the lamp will be again
ready for use.
The main reservoir A. is provided with a receptacle F. formed with holes com-
municating with the interior of the said. reservoir. The receptacle and the holes
are closed by a valve F formed with a part F¹ that constitutes a cap they being
screwed on a valve spindle G. the lower end of which is provided with another
valve H. which when rleased is pressed down on to the end of the supply pipe C.
by a small spiral spring J.
To charge the main reservoir with oil the cap F¹ and valve F2 must be removed.
The two valves F2 and H work automatically, that is to say when "the cap F¹
and attached valve F are removed for the purpose of filling the main reservoir
with oil, the valve H. closes the supply pipe C. by the action of the spring J.
The upper end of the smaller or wick reservoir B. is made somewhat larger in
diameter than its lower portion as shewn, and is provided with a small air hole at
its highest point; it is also screw threaded to receive the ordinary burner and
lamp glass carrier M.
The lamp may be either mounted on a suitable base K. as shewn, or the supply
pipe may be extended and be provided with a suitable flange N. for fixing to a
wall or other convenient place as shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 1.
Where a main reservoir of glass is employed as shewn in Fig. 2. instead of a
metal one, we find it advantageous to make the oil supply pipe C. in the form of a
By phon, one end thereof entering at the top and extending down to near the bottom
of the main reservoir A.
r.
The air pipe D. is arranged in a similar form as shewn in Fig. 2. so as to obviate
the difficulty of making a joint at the lower end between the glass reservoir and
the supply pipe, a similar but modified arrangement of automactic valves being
employed and for same purpose as that herein before described with reference to
Fig. 2 of the drawings.
When the supply pipe is made in the form of a syphon as shewn in Fig. 2. then
the receptacle F. is made sufficiently large that when the main reservoir A. and
réceptacle F are filled with oil whilst the valve H. is closed as before described as
soon as the air tight fitting cap" F" is screwed on to the valve spindle G the oil

page_text: contained in the receptacle F will be sufficient to charge the syphon supply pipe C.
and set it in action.
By this arrangement of safety lamp the wick reservoir being small in diameter
casts very little shadow.
In lamps such as above described the oil being always at a constant and short
distance from the ignited part of wick does not get burnt so quickly as in
ordinary lamps.
In some cases for example in a lamp having a number of burners or where a
number of bracket lamps are arranged in different parts of a room, we may use
one main reservoir of suitable size placed in any suitable position higher than all
the smaller or wick reservoirs with which it is connected by oil supply pipes as
before.
Each or only one burner is provided with an air pipe in communication with
the main reservoir for the purpose of maintaining a constant supply of oil to each
lamp as hereinbefore described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same may be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In a lamp for burning paraffin oil or the like, the combination with a smaller
or wick reservoir or reservoirs, of a separate main supply reservoir, and oil supply,
and air pipes, substantially as described, the arrangement being such that the flow
of oil to the smaller or wick reservoir (or to each of them when there are more
than one) is regulated and controlled by an air pipe as above set forth.
2. In a lamp for burning paraffin oil or the like the use in combination with a
main reservoir from which oil is supplied to a smaller or wick reservoir, of valves
for controlling inlet and outlet openings to and from the main reservoir, the
arrangement being such as described and illustrated for the purpose specified.
3. The improved lamp for burning paraffin oil or the like, constructed, arranged,
and operating, substantially as hereinabove described with reference to and shewn
in the drawings annexed.
821
"
MAA
13335
May 1000.
Witness,
F. M. C. SCOTT,
Patent Agent,
89, Victoria Street,
Liverpool.
EDWARD PATTERSON.
WILLIAM HENRY STRYPE.