Improvements in Machines for Enclosing in Wrappers Washing Blue, Black Lead, Soap, or other Substances,
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Feb., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 18th Sept., 1899-Accepted, 21st Oct., 1899
Improvements in Machines for Enclosing in Wrappers Washing
Blue, Black Lead, Soap, or other Substances,
I, HENRY ROSE, of the Firm of Rose Brothers, of Albion Works, Gainsborough,
in the County of Lincoln, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of my inven-
tion to be as follows:-
-
My invention has for its object to provide a machine for enclosing in wrappers,
washing blue, blacklead, soap, or other substances in a more rapid and efficient
manner than heretofore.
A machine constructed according to my present invention operates continuously
and not intermittently as is the case with such machines heretofore in use.
The wrappers in which the substance is to be enclosed are fed along a trough,
one at a time, by means of an endless chain or band having projections arranged
at intervals to suit the size of the wrappers, the said wrappers being conducted
by the said endless band between rollers by which they are fed into a gripping
device by which the said wrappers are carried into position to receive the sub-
stance to be enclosed in the said wrappers. The blocks of substance to be enclosed
are placed on an endless band (preferably of thin steel) mounted on drums and
caused to travel, by gearing or otherwise, at the required speed, with reference
to the motion of other parts of the machine, to bring the blocks one at a time
up to a stop, which at the required periods is moved away to permit of the fore-
most block on the endless bands to pass into a curved trough arranged in position
to receive the blocks, the said stop, when a block has entered the trough, return-
ing into position in front of the then foremost block on the endless bands. The
curved trough partially surrounds a drum or wheel provided on its periphery
with projections which as the wheel or drum rotates carry each block admitted
to the trough into position to be pushed into a box or holder in which the
wrapping of the block is effected. The holders are preferably hinged together
so as to form an endless chain of holders the said chain of holders being carried
on drums which may be rotated at the required speed by toothed gearing or
otherwise from the main driving shaft of the machine. Each box or holder is
provided with a wrapper gripping device which is caused to open to receive the
end of a wrapper, or wrappers should more than one be required, as it issues from
between the rolls hereinbefore referred to and then caused to close onto the
As the holder with the
wrapper so as to cause it to travel with the holder.
wrapper is moving into position to receive a block of substance to be wrapped
one edge of the wrapper may be supplied with paste, gum or other cement so
that the wrapper when folded round a block of material as hereinafter described
will be effectually secured in position. Each holder with a wrapper is, by the
rotation of the drum on which the chain of holders is carried, brought one after
another in succession into position to receive a block of substance from the
curved trough herein before referred to. The feeding drum or wheel which is
partially surrounded by the hollow trough, is provided with plungers which
slide radially in guides in the said wheel each plunger being provided with a

page_text: projection passing through a slot or opening in the drum or wheel, the said
projections being provided with rollers which engage with a channelled lever,
the said lever being actuated by a cam on the main shaft so as to cause the
plungers to project one after another from the periphery of the drum and push a
block of substance into a box or holder which at the time is in position to
receive it. A stationary cam surface is provided to retain the plungers in their
inner position to receive the blocks of substance except where the channelled lever
is engaged. The wrapper which is held by the gripper on the holder is pressed
into the holder by the block. The drum round which the chain of holders passes
and which is in close proximity to the feed drum or wheel, is provided with
radiating slides having projections with rollers which as the said drum rotates
are acted on by a channelled lever actuated by a cam on the main shaft so as to
cause each of the said slides to move outwards in succession to press upon the side
of the block opposite to that on which the plunger in the feed wheel or drum
presses, whereby the said block is held between the plunger and the end of the
slide while the block is entering the holder, thereby ensuring the block entering
the holder without coming into contact with the edges of the said holder, the
gripping device on the holder at the same time being caused to release the
wrapper which is pressed with the block into the holder. The bottom of each
holder may have a hole therein through which the slides pass to press against the
blocks in the holders, or the said slides may be forked at their outer ends, the
limbs of the said forked end being arranged on two opposite sides of the holders.
One or more of the sides of each holder may be caused to open outwards to facili-
tate the entrance of the blocks of material and also to admit of one end of the
wrapper, if desired, being folded down one side of the block. The wrapper being
pressed by the block of substance into the holder causes the two opposite ends
of the wrapper to stand up above the block, three sides of the block being thus
surrounded by the wrapper. As the chain of holders travels onwards one of the
upstanding ends of the wrapper is folded down onto the block of substance
by a rotating folding device, comprising any desired number of folding blades
(preferably four) which are each pivotted at its opposite ends to arms fast on
a shaft or spindle rotated at the required speed by gearing or otherwise from
the main shaft of the machine. Each folding blade carries a weight tending
to maintain the blade in a vertical plane which weight as the shaft revolves
engages with a stationary cam surface which causes the blade to turn into
position to engage one of the upstanding ends of the wrapper so as to fold the
said end down on to the block of substance as the holder carrying the said block
passes beneath the said folding device, each blade on the folding device coming
thus into action one after another on each succeeding wrapper and block passing
beneath the said device. The holder containing a block of substance thus partially
enclosed, passes then beneath a roller by which the other upstanding end of the
wrapper is folded down on to the block, and thence beneath a plate which bears
upon the chain of holders. The block of substance is thus surrounded on four
sides by the wrapper, leaving only the lateral ends of the wrapper to be folded.
The holder containing the partially wrapped block of substance is, as the chain
of holders continues to travel brought beneath other rotating folders (preferably
four pairs) mounted on a shaft or spindle which may be actuated by gearing
from the main driving shaft. These folders are hinged to arms fast on the
said shaft the folders of each pair being connected together by a spring which
tends to draw the folders towards each other, stops being provided on the said
folders to limit their inward movement the said folders being however free to
turn outwards against the tension of the springs to suit variations in the sizes of
the blocks. These folders are arranged to act on both laterally projecting ends
of the wrapper to fold the top portion of the said projecting ends down onto
the ends of the block, the several pairs of folders acting as they rotate on each
wrapper in succession as the holders pass beneath the said folding device. The
sides of the laterally projecting ends of the wrapper are next folded in by folding

page_text: devices which are caused to rotate in a horizontal plane. These folding devices
each consist of two folding blades or blocks which are caused to rotate by means
of gearing from the main driving shaft. As these folders rotate they fold one
of the sides of each projecting end of the wrapper, the opposite sides of the said
projecting end of the wrapper being folded by stationary folders arranged on
opposite sides of the chain of holders. In like manner the folders act on each
succeeding wrapper brought into position by the chain of holders. The last
folds to complete the packet are effected by stationary inclined surfaces up which
the tabs or bottom portion of the projecting ends are caused to ascend as the
chain of boxes moves forward, the said bottom tabs being thus pressed upwards
against the ends of the block of material and so complete the packet. The
completed packets are ejected from the holders by a forked lever actuated by a cam
or tappet at the required periods so as to cause the forked lever to engage each
packet as it comes into position, the said packets being lifted by the said lever
from the holders and deposited onto a chute by which the packets are conducted
into a suitable receptacle.
It will be understood that the various operations hereinbefore described are
simultaneously effected upon different wrappers and blocks of material in succes-
sion as they pass through the machine, that is, whilst the first operation is being
performed on one wrapper the second operation is being performed on the preced-
ing wrapper, the third on the next preceding wrapper and so on.
Dated this 17th day of February 1899.
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.
Improvements in Machines for Enclosing in Wrappers Washing
Blue, Black Lead, Soap or other Substances.
I, HENRY ROSE, of the Firm of Rose Brothers, of Albion Works, Gainsborough,
in the County of Lincoln, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by. the following statement:-
My invention has for its object to provide a machine for enclosing in wrappers,
washing-blue, black-lead, soap or other substance in a more rapid and efficient
manner than heretofore.
A machine constructed according to my present invention operates continuously
and not intermittently as is the case with machines heretofore in use for enclosing
blocks of substance in wrappers, and in order that my invention may be clearly
understood I will describe the same with reference to the accompanying drawings
of which Fig. 1 is a side elevation and Fig. 2 a plan of a machine constructed
according to this invention, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the
machine shewing the principal internal parts without the framing; Fig. 4
shews on a larger scale the mechanism for placing the wrappers and blocks of
substance in the boxes or holders in which the wrapping is effected; Fig. 5 is
a similar view shewing a block of substance and a wrapper placed in one of the
boxes or holders; Figs. 6 and 7 are elevations at right angles to each other, of
one of the drums which carry the endless chain of boxes or holders; Figs. 8
and 9 are similar views of the block feeding device; Figs. 10, 11, 12 and 13 are
views of one of the boxes or holders, drawn to a larger scale, to more clearly
shew the construction thereof; Fig. 14 illustrates in side elevation and Fig. 15
in plan the device for applying paste or other adhesive material to the wrappers.

page_text: Fig. 16 is a side elevation and Fig. 17 a plan of the rotary wrapper folding
devices; and Figs. 18 and 19 are similar views shewing the folding devices in a
more advanced position.
Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, 1 is the frame of the machine supporting a table 2
on which the folding devices are carried the said frame, or extension thereof,
carrying also the wrapper and the block feeding mechanisms. Mounted in
bearings in the frame 1 is the first motion shaft 3 provided with pulleys 4 round
which passes a driving strap from any suitable motor. Carried on drums 5, 5*,
mounted in bearings in the frame 1, is an endless chain of boxes or holders 6,
in which the wrapping of blocks of substance is effected. The wrappers in
which the blocks of substance are to be enclosed are fed along a trough or table 7
by means of an endless band or chain 8 having projections 9 arranged at intervals
to suit the size of the wrappers, and caused to project through and pass along a
slot in the stationary trough 7 so that as the endless chain or band 8 travels,
the wrappers are moved one at a time along the trough or table by each of the
projections 9, the said trough or table being provided with ribs 10 which serve
to guide the wrappers in their movement along the trough or table to between
a pair of rollers 11 situated near the inner end of the said trough. The wheel 12
on which the endless chain 8 is carried, is driven at the requisite speed, from the
first motion shaft 3, by gearing 13 as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2. The lower roller
of the pair of rollers 11 is rotated in its bearings, by gearing 14 from the shaft
of the adjacent wheel 12 which carries the chain 8, at a surface speed greater
than that at which the said band or chain 8 travels, so that the wrappers will
be drawn from the band or chain 8 and allow the projections 9 by which they are
fed forward, to pass clear of the said wrappers. Each box or holder 6, as shown
clearly in Figs. 10, 11, 12 and 13, comprises a bottom 6 and two upstanding
sides 15, one of which sides 15 is hinged to the bottom so as to be capable of
turning outwards, as shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 10 but is normally
kept in its closed position by a spring 16, the said hinged side having a pro-
jection 17 which at the required times comes into contact with a lever or projec-
tion 18 (see Fig. 4) so as to open the hinged side to facilitate the entrance of a
wrapper and block of substance to be enclosed therein as hereinafter described.
Each wrapper as it issues from between the rollers 11 enters a gripping device
with which each box or holder 6 is provided, the hinged jaw 19 of each gripping
device being normally closed by a spring 20, and opened at the required periods
to receive the forward end of a wrapper as it passes from between the rollers 11,
by a projection 21 on each jaw coming into contact, while the chain of holders is
travelling, with an obstacle 22 Fig. the said jaw closing under the action of
the spring 20 onto the wrapper, as soon as the projection 21 leaves the obstacle 22.
The wrapper thus held in the gripping device travels with the chain of boxes or
holders and in its passage receives on one end thereof paste or other suitable
adhesive material from a receptacle 23 in which is arranged to rotate a roller 24
driven by means of straps or chains 25, 25* from the first motion shaft 3. The
roller 24 is only partly immersed in the adhesive material so that as it rotates
it carries on its exposed surface a film of the material, the thickness of which
film is governed by a plate or scraper 26 suspended from a shaft or spindle 27
which is mounted in bearings in the frame 1 and rotated from the first motion
shaft 3 by a chain 28 passing round the pulleys 28*. On the shaft 27 is an arm 29
carrying a brush 30, which, as the spindle 27 rotates comes into contact with the
roller 24 and removes therefrom a portion of the adhesive material and applies
it to one edge of a wrapper carried by the boxes or holders as the said wrapper
is passing in contact with a support 31. The suspended plate or scraper 26 is
slotted to admit of the passage therethrough of the arm 29 and brush 30.
scraper 32 is provided against which the brush, at each revolution, comes into
contact, whereby any superfluous adhesive material is removed from the brush
and returned to the vessel 23. Each wrapper after receiving the adhesive
material, is carried by the chain of boxes or holders 6 into position in front
A

page_text: of a wheel 33 by which the blocks of substance to be enclosed are fed into the
boxes or holders 6. When in this position the wrapper is released from the
gripping device, and the lower end enters hooks 34 on a frame 35 carried by a
rod 36, Figs. 4 and 5, the lower end of which rod is connected to a lever 36*,
pivoted at 37 to the frame of the machine, and carries a friction bowl 35* which
is acted on by a cam 39 on the first motion shaft 3 to depress the hooks into
position to receive the wrapper the said hooks being raised by spring 38 when
the wrapper is to be inserted into a box or holder. The blocks of substance to be
enclosed are placed on, and carried forward by endless bands 37, preferably of
steel, carried on drums 38 and 39. The shafts of these drums are mounted in
bearings in the frame of the machine, and the drum 39 is driven by a chain 40
from the shaft carrying the drum 5*, round which the endless chain of boxes or
holders travels. The upper runs of the endless bands 37 travel in a slot in a
table 41, secured to the frame of the machine on the opposite sides of which slot
ribs, 42, 43 are provided, which serve to guide the blocks in their movement
towards the feed wheel 33.
The front rib 42 is shorter than the rib 43 to permit of the blocks of substance
being pushed from the table 41 onto the endless bands. The drum 39* round
which the bands 37* pass has flanges, one of which has on its side a cam surface
or series of cams 44, which, as the drum rotates, acts on a lever or finger 44*
Fig. 2 so as to cause the free end of the said finger to press upon a block of
substance to retard its movement while the block immediately in front of it is
moving forward to a stop 45, Fig. 3, which stop is moved into and out of the path
of the blocks at the required periods, by cams 46, provided on the periphery of
the other flange of the drum 39%. On the periphery of the barrel of the drum 39*
are projections 47 which pass between the two bands 37%, and, in the spaces
between these projections, blocks of the substance are deposited from the bands 37*,
the movement of the stop 45 being so timed with reference to the speed of rotation
of the drum as to admit of one block at a time entering into the space between
cach two adjacent projections. The blocks of substance deposited onto the drum
are pushed by the projections 47 into a stationary trough 48 partially surrounding
the wheel 33 from which wheel the blocks are fed into the boxes or holders 6.
The feed wheel 33 is rotated by gearing 50 direct from the shaft which carries
the drum 5* and which is driven from the first motion shaft 3. The feed wheel
is provided on its periphery with projections 51 which travel in the trough 48
and engage each block in succession, bringing them into position to be inserted
into the boxes or holders 6 as the said boxes or holders come into position to
receive them. The wrapper, brought by the chain of boxes or holders into position
to receive a block of substance, is released from the gripping device carried by
the box or holder which is in advance of the box or holder into which the block
is to be inserted, the releasing of the said wrapper being effected by the projec-
tion 18 which also at the same time opens the hinged side of the box or holder
which is to receive the wrapper and block of substance as will be seen by reference
to Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings. The lever or projection 18 is carried on one
arm of a bell crank lever 52 mounted on a stud 53 the other arm of the said
bell crank being acted on by a cam 54 on the shaft 3 so as to bring the projec-
tion 18 into position at the required time for the projections 17 and 21 to come
into contact therewith to release a wrapper and open the hinged side of the
box or holder into which the wrapper and block are to be inserted. The wrapper,
having been released from the gripping device, is supported on the hook 34 as
shewn in Fig. 4 in readiness to receive a block of material. The drum 5*, round
which the endless chain of boxes or holders passes, is fitted with radial slides
or plungers 53* each having wings or projections 54 sliding in slots 55 in the
sides of the drum, and each plunger carries a friction bowl 56 which normally
bears against a surface 55*, concentric with the axis of the drum, to retain the
plungers in their retracted positions, but which bowls as the drum rotates enter
in succession a channel in a lever 57, pivotted to the frame of the machine. This

page_text: channelled lever is connected by an arm 58 to the upper end of the rod 36
hereinbefore referred to, and operated by the cam 39 at the required intervals
to move the channelled lever 57 forward, when one of the friction bowls 56
has entered therein, and so cause the corresponding slide or plunger 53* to
project through a hole 52 in the bottom of the box or holder (which happens
to be on that portion of the drum) against the wrapper which is supported in the
hooks 34. The feed wheel 33 is also provided with radial plungers 59 having
friction bowls 60, on studs 61, which project from the plungers, and normally
bear on a stationary surface 62 concentric to the axis of the wheel. A channelled
lever 63 pivotted to the frame of the machine and into which the bowls 60 enter
in succession as the wheel rotates, is connected by an arm 64 and rod 64* to a
lever 65 carrying a bowl 66 which is acted on at intervals by a cam 67, so as to
move the channelled lever, 63, when a bowl 60 is therein, so as to cause the corrė-
sponding plunger to project from the periphery of the wheel 33 and force a block
of substance, which is held in front of the said plunger by one of the projec
tions 51, against the wrapper against which a block of rubber 55** on the end of
the slide or plunger 53 is pressing. The said block and wrapper being engaged
between the plungers 53 and 59 (the frame carrying the supporting hooks 34
having in the meantime, by the rotation of the cam 39 been caused to rise) the
plunger 59 is further projected by the cam 67 thereby pushing the wrapper and
block into the holder, after which the bowl 56 on the slide or plunger 53*
leaves the channel in the lever 57 whereupon the said slide returns by gravity
to its normal retracted position. The plunger 59 which had forced the block and
wrapper into the box or holder is at the same time caused to return to its normal
position in the wheel 33 and the hooks 34 descend to receive the next wrapper.
The wrapper which is forced into the box or holder with the block of substance,
surrounds the said block on three of its sides the two opposite ends 68, 69 of the
said wrapper being caused by the sides 15 of the holder to stand up above the
surface of the block. By the continued movement of the chain of boxes or holders
in the direction of the arrows in Fig. 3 the partially enclosed block is brought
beneath a rotating folding device 70 carried on a shaft 70* rotated by gearing 71
direct from the shaft which carries the drum 5. This folding device which is
shewn drawn to a larger scale in Figs. 16, 17, 18 and 19, consists of two sets
of arms .72 secured on the shaft 70% on opposite sides of the chain of boxes or
holders. These arms are arranged in pairs and between the outer ends of each
pair is pivotted a folding blade 73 which is normally maintained in a vertical
position by a weight 74. This folding device rotates in the direction indicated
by arrows Fig. 16 and as it rotates the weights 74 come into contact with a
stationary curved bar 75 which causes each blade 73 to turn in its bearings in the
arms 72 so as to angle each blade in succession as shewn in Figs. 16 and 18 and
cause it to engage the upstanding end 68 of the wrapper as it passes beneath it and
press the said end down onto the block. The rotation of the folding device is so
timed with reference to the travelling movement of the chain of boxes or
holders 6 that the folding blades will act in succession on successive wrappers
as they travel beneath them. The end of the wrapper thus folded down is that to
which the adhesive material was applied, the surface which received the adhesive
material being uppermost on the block of substance. The block thus partially
enclosed by the wrapper passes next beneath a roller 76 by which the other
upstanding end 69 of the wrapper is folded down onto the pasted surface of the
folded-down end 68. The block is thus surrounded on four of its sides by the
wrapper and passes thence beneath a stationary plate 77 which holds the folded-
down ends in contact while the laterally projecting ends of the wrapper are being
folded.
78 is a folding device for folding down the top portion of the laterally projecting
ends of the wrapper the said folding device consisting of two sets of arms 79
projecting from bosses 79* fast on a shaft 80 and arranged on opposite sides of
the chain of boxes or holders G. This folding device is rotated by gearing 81

page_text: Figs. 1 and 2 from the shaft carrying the folding device 70. The arms 79 are
arranged in pairs and to each arm is hinged a folding blade 82 the folding blades
of each pair being connected together by a spring 83 which tends to draw the
blades together but which permits of the said blades separating slightly to accom-
modate blocks of slightly varying sizes. The inward movement of the folders is
limited by stops 84 on the said folders bearing on the bosses 79* of the arms 79.
The rotation of the folding device 78 is so timed that each pair of folders 82
will act in succession on the laterally projecting ends of successive wrappers as
they come beneath the said folding device. The chain of boxes or holders con-
tinuing to travel the partially enclosed block comes into position to have one
side of each of the laterally projecting ends of the wrapper folded in against the
ends of the block. This folding-in of the rear sides of the wrappers is effected by
folding devices 85 arranged one on each side of the chain of boxes. These folding
devices consist each of two arms 86 carried on a vertical shaft 87 mounted
in bearings in the frame of the machine and each provided with a bevel wheel 88
in gear with corresponding bevel wheels 89 on a horizontal shaft 90 which is
driven at the required speed from the first motion shaft by the chain 25* passing
round chain wheels 91. To each arm 86 is fitted a block 92 which as the arms
rotate in the direction indicated by arrows in Figs. 17 and 19 come into contact
with the rear side of each laterally projecting end of the wrapper and fold the said
sides against the ends of the block of substance. The arms of each folding
device act in succession on the successive wrappers as they come between the
two folding devices. The folding blocks 92 are fitted to slide to a limited extent
on the armis 86 to suit packets of slightly various sizes, the said blocks being
pressed outwards by springs 93.
After passing the folding devices 85 the remaining unfolded sides of the laterally
projecting ends of the wrapper come into contact with stationary blocks 94 and
are thereby folded in against the ends of the block of substance, the lower tabs
or parts of the laterally projecting ends of the wrapper now only remaining to
be folded. These tabs are folded up against the ends of the block, and the
wrapping completed by coming into contact with double inclined or helical
surfaces 95 formed on cheeks 96 arranged on the opposite sides of the chain of
boxes or holders 6 and between which cheeks the said boxes or holders travel.
The completed packets are ejected from the boxes or holders by a forked lever 97
Figs. 1, 2 and 3, mounted on a stud 98 projecting from a bracket 99 bolted to the
table 2. The arms of this forked lever have on their ends lateral projections 99*
and on one of these arms is a bowl 100 which is acted on by a tappet wheel 101
fast on the shaft of the drum 5 round which the chain of boxes or holders travel.
The bowl 100 is maintained in contact with the tappet wheel 101 by a spring 102.
As each completed packet comes into position to be ejected from its holder, one of
the teeth or projections on the tappet wheel 101 acting on the bowl 100 raises
the lever with a jerk so that the lateral projections 99* which are normally beneath
the track of the packets, come into contact with the under side of the ends of the
packet, which project beyond the bottom of the box or holder, and discharge
the packet from the holder into a chute 103 by which the packets are conducted
into a suitable receptacle. It is to be understood that the operating parts of the
machine are in constant motion and the various operations hereinbefore described
are being simultaneously effected on different wrappers in succession as they
pass through the machine, that is to say, while the first folding operation is being
performed on a wrapper, the second folding operation is being performed on the
preceding wrapper, the third operation on the wrapper preceding that, and
so on.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-

page_text: or other substance, the combination with an endless chain of boxes or holders in
which the wrapping is effected; means for imparting a continuous travelling
motion to the said chain of boxes or holders, and means for feeding the wrapper
towards the boxes or holders, of a gripping device, on each of the boxes or holders,
to receive the wrappers and carry them into position to receive the blocks of
substance to be enclosed therein and means for opening and closing the gripping
devices at the required periods substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. The combination with the subject matter of the preceding claim, of
mechanism for applying paste or other suitable adhesive material to the wrappers
as they are moving into position to receive the blocks of substance substantially
as hereinbefore described.
3. In a machine for the purpose hereinbefore described the combination with a
continuously travelling chain of boxes or holders in which the wrapping is
effected; means for feeding the wrappers into position to receive the blocks of
substance, and a trough along which the blocks of substance to be enclosed by the
wrappers pass; of a stop and means for operating it so as to prevent more than
one block at a time from entering the trough; a wheel or drum having pro-
jections on its periphery by which the blocks of substance are moved from the
trough into position to be pushed into the boxes or holders; plungers fitted to
slide radially in the wheel or drum and means for operating them to push the
blocks into the boxes or holders as they come into position to receive them sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described.
4. The combination with the subject matter of the last preceding claim, of
slides fitted to move radially in one of the drums round which the endless chain
of boxes or holders travels and means for operating the said slides to cause them
to move outwards at the requisite periods to engage between the said slides and
the plungers in the feed wheel the blocks of substance while the said blocks are
being inserted into the boxes or holders, substantially as and for the purpose
herein before described.
5. In a machine for the purpose hereinbefore described a continuously rotating
folding device carrying a pivotted folding blade or pivotted folding blades, for
folding onto the blocks of substance one of the ends of each wrapper, which are
caused to stand up above the block when a block and wrapper are forced into a
box or holder; a weight connected to each folding blade to normally maintain
the blade in a vertical position, a stationary surface with which the weight
comes into contact so as to cause the blade to turn on its pivots and press one of
the upstanding ends of the wrappers down onto the blocks of substance as the
boxes or holders containing the blocks of substance pass beneath the said folding
device substantially as herein before described.
6. The combination with the subject matter of the last preceding claim, of a
roller beneath which the travelling chain of boxes or holders passes the said
roller pressing the remaining upstanding end of each wrapper down onto the
previously folded down end, as the boxes or holders pass beneath the said roller
substantially as hereinbefore described.
7. In a machine for the purpose hereinbefore described the combination with
means for surrounding with a wrapper four sides of a block of substance; of a
rotating folding device having hinged folders arranged in one or more pairs to
act simultaneously on the upper portions of the opposite laterally projecting ends
of the wrappers so as to fold the said upper parts against the ends of the blocks
substantially as hereinbefore described.
8. In a machine for the purpose hereinbefore described the combination with
mechanism for surrounding with a wrapper four sides of a block of substance and
for folding the upper parts of the laterally projecting ends of the wrapper against
the end of the block of material; of horizontally rotating folders for folding one
side of each projecting end of the wrapper against the ends of the block of
substance substantially as hereinbefore described.
9. In a machine for the purpose herein before described the combination with

page_text: a continuously travelling chain of boxes or holders in which the blocks of sub-
stance are enclosed in wrappers, of a device for ejecting the enclosed blocks from
the boxes or holders the said ejecting device comprising a forked lever and a cam
for operating it at the requisite periods to cause it to engage each packet as it comes
into position and lift the said packet from the holder into a suitable receptacle
substantially as hereinbefore described.
10. In a machine for the purpose herein before described the device illustrated
by Figs. 16, 17, 18 and 19, for folding one of the upstanding ends of the wrappers
down onto the blocks of substance to be enclosed, the said device comprising
four pairs of arms such as 72 fast on a continuously rotating shaft or spindle 70*,
a folding blade such as 73 pivotted between each pair of arms; a weight such
as 74 attached to each folding blade to normally maintain it in a vertical position,
and a stationary surface against which the weight on each folding blade comes
into contact in succession so as to cause each folding blade to depress an upstand-
ing end of a wrapper as the blocks partly surrounded by wrappers pass beneath
the said folding device substantially as hereinbefore described.
11. In a machine for the purpose" herein before described the device illustrated
by Figs. 16, 17, 18 and 19, for folding the top portions of the laterally projecting
ends of the wrapper, in which blocks of substance are partially enclosed, the said
device comprising four pairs of arms 79 fast on a constantly rotated horizontal
shaft 80, a folding blade such as 82 hinged to each arm so as to be capable of
turning outwards on its hinge, a spring such as 83 connecting together the folding
blades of each pair of folding blades, the said springs tending to draw the said
folding blades inwards, and stops such as 84 to limit the inward movement of the
said folding blades, each pair of the said folding-blades (as the shaft rotates)
depressing the top portions of the two projecting ends of each partially enclosed
block of substance as they travel in succession beneath the device, substantially
as herein before described.
12. In a machine for the purpose hereinbefore described folding devices for
folding inwards one side of each projecting end of each wrapper in which a
block of substance is partially enclosed, each folding device comprising two
arms 86 fast on a continuously rotated vertical shaft or spindle, a folding block
such as 92 fitted on the outer end of each arm and capable of sliding thereon,
a spring such as 93 tending to force the folding block outwards, and a stop to
limit the movement of the said folding block, the rotation of the folding devices
being timed so as to cause the folding blocks to act on the wrappers of each
partially enclosed block of substance as they pass in succession between the
folding devices, substantially as hereinbefore described.
13. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the machine for
enclosing in wrappers, washing blue, black-lead, soap or other substances, sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying
drawings.
Dated this 18th day of Sentomber 1800
JOHNSONS & WILLCOX,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agents.