Improvements in Machinery for Cutting Metals.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 4th July, 1892-Accepted, 3rd Oct.. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Cutting Metals.
I, WILLIAM WILSON HULSE of the Ordsal Works, Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
In a machine of the vertical & horizontal type two vertical slide beds, each
carrying a tool slide, are mounted upon a horizontal slide bed (which may be made
in one or more parts), and are moveable along it to and fro by means of two
respective pairs of rotating screws. The horizontal slide bed is carried by standards
secured to the bed of the machine. The two tool slides are traversed up and down
the vertical slide bed by means of respective screws operated through bevel gear by
respective horizontal shafts. The machine is constructed with two distinct and
independent sets of driving, reversing and cutting feed gear, corresponding
respectively to the two vertical slide beds and their tool slides; and thus each tool
slide can be operated quite independently of the other. By preference the two
sets of driving gear are situated at opposite sides of the machine. Sometimes two
stationary screws may be employed in preference to the four rotating screws, each
vertical slide bed being provided with a pair of rotating nuts working on the
stationary screws and, operated by suitable driving, and feeding gear.
In order to make room for deep objects under the horizontal and vertical slide
beds, the horizontal slide bed (carrying the vertical ones) may be made moveable
up and down the standards of the machine by means of vertical screws mounted
in the standards and operated either by hand or power. Facility is thus afforded
for placing wheels or other objects upon the machine for slotting key ways in their
bosses, and to do other kinds of work for which vertical planing machines of the
usual construction are unfitted. The table for holding the work may sometimes
comprise longitudinal, transverse and circular slides each actuated by automatic
mechanism for imparting feed traverse, the circular slide being provided with
T grooves for facilitating the holding of the work. The longitudinal table slide,
rests upon the bed of the machine and twin screws may be employed for traversing
it therealong. Sometimes for planing and shaping the table may be reciprocated
to & fro along the bed by means of the twin screws, automatic feed traverse being
at such times imparted either to the vertical slide beds or to the tool slides as
required. The mechanism for actuating the table slides may be driven either from
the gear of one only of the two vertical slide beds, or from the gear of both of
them alternatively, means being provided for disconnecting from the gear of either
or both of these slide beds as required.
In cases in which the work to be done is such that the two vertical slide beds
cannot be operated simultaneously without risk of interfering with each other.
Collisions between the two slide beds may be guarded against by an arrangement
of mechanism, which comes into action whenever the slide beds approach nearer to
each other than a certain pre-arranged distance, and so acts upon the belt forks
as to cause the traverse of the slide bed or slide beds (as the case may be) to be
arrested.
Sometimes one of the two vertical slide beds may be omitted, together with its
corresponding driving, reversing and cutting feed gear.
In some cases the cutting tool may be held in a vertical bar carried by a vertical
spindle which works either rotatorily or to and fro longitudinally as may be required.
The spindle is supported by two bearing brackets, the upper one of which is a
fixture on the vertical slide bed, and the lower one being on a slide which can be
traversed by a screw up and down the vertical slide bed automatically moving the

page_text: spindle to and fro with it. The upper bearing bracket carries a bevel wheel in
which the spindle can slide longitudinally, and by which it is rotated when required,
by means of suitable driving gear. The tool bar may pass through the table of
the machine (which is cut away for the purpose) and be provided for better support
with a bearing at its lower end; and the table may consist of transverse and longi-
tudinal slides operated by hand or power and a circular slide when required for
angular adjustment or otherwise. This arrangement is particularly suitable for
work having heavy bosses which require boring, as well as key-grooving, both
these operations being performed at one fixing or setting, by working the spindle
rotatorily for the boring operation, and traversing it to and fro vertically for cutting
the key groove. When boring, a cutting feed traverse can be imparted to the
spindle by operating the screw of the slide which carries its lower bearing bracket,
through suitable mechanism. When the hole to be bored and key grooved is
conical, as in a screw-propeller boss, the tool-holding bar may be made hollow,
and may contain within it the upper end of another bar formed with a slide having
an inclination corresponding to the inclined sides of the conical hole. The interior
bar passes through the table and is provided with a bearing in which it can rotate
and may sometimes be traversed vertically. The tool holder takes into the inclined
slide, and as it is traversed up or down by the hollow bar in which it is held, it
moves towards or away from the axis of the hole in harmony with the required
shape of the hole. Cutting feed in a radial direction may be imparted by vertical
movements of the interior bar having the inclined slide. When the purpose for
which the machine is required is restricted to such work as machining propeller
and other bosses, horizontal movement of the vertical slide bed may sometimes
be dispensed with, and this bed may then be secured direct to the standards of the
machine instead of being mounted on a horizontal slide bed.
Dated this 2nd day of October 1891.
H. C. CARVER,
Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Outting Metals.
I, WILLIAM WILSON HULSE of the Ordsal Works, Salford in the County of
Lancaster Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
In a machine of the vertical and horizontal type two vertical slide beds each
carrying a tool slide, are mounted upon a horizontal slide bed (which may be made
in one or more parts) and are moveable along it to and fro by means of two
respective pairs of rotating screws. The horizontal slide bed is carried by
standards secured to the bed of the machine. The two tool slides are traversed
up and down the vertical slide beds by means of respective screws operated through
bevel gear by respective horizontal shafts. The machine is constructed with two
distinct and independent sets of driving reversing and cutting feed gear, corre-
sponding respectively to the two vertical slide beds and their tool slides: and
thus each tool slide can be operated quite independently of the other. By preference
the two sets of driving gear are situated at opposite sides of the machine. Some-
times only one vertical slide bed may be employed, and in order to make room for
deep objects under the horizontal and vertical slide beds, the horizontal slide bed
(carrying the vertical one) may be made moveable up and down the standards of
the machine by means of vertical screws mounted in the standards and operated
either by hand or power. Facility is thus afforded for placing wheels or other
objects upon the machine for slotting key ways in their bosses and to do other
kinds of work for which vertical planing machines of the usual construction are
unfitted. The table for holding the work may sometimes comprise longitudinal

page_text: transverse and circular slides each actuated by automatic mechanism for imparting
feed traverse, the circular_slide being provided with T grooves for facilitating
the holding of the work. The longitudinal table slide rests upon the bed of the
machine and twin screws may be employed for traversing it therealong. Some-
times for planing and shaping the table may be reciprocated to and fro along
the bed by means of the twin screws, automatic feed traverse being at such
times imparted either to the vertical slide beds or to the tool slides as required.
In some cases the cutting tool may be held in a vertical bar carried by a vertical
spindle which works either rotatorily or to and fro longitudinally as may be required.
The spindle is supported by two bearing brackets, the upper one of which is a
fixture on the vertical slide bed, and the lower one being on a slide which can be
traversed by a screw up and down the vertical slide bed automatically moving the
spindle to and fro with it. The upper bearing bracket carries a bevel wheel in
which the spindle can slide longitudinally, and by which it is rotated when required
by means of suitable driving gear. The tool bar may for better support pass
through the table of the machine (which is cut away for the purpose) and be
provided with a bearing at its lower end; and the table may consist of transverse
and longitudinal slides operated by hand or power; and with a circular slide
when required for angular adjustment or otherwise. This arrangement is particularly
suitable for work having heavy bosses which require boring as well as key-grooving,
both these operations being performed at one fixing or setting, by working the
spindle rotatorily for the boring operation and traversing it to and fro vertically
for cutting the key-groove. When boring, a cutting feed traverse can be imparted
to the spindle by operating the screw of the slide which carries its lower bearing
bracket, through suitable mechanism. When the hole to be bored and key-grooved
is conical as in a screw-propeller boss, the tool-holding bar may be made hollow,
and may contain within it the upper end of another bar formed with a slide having
an inclination corresponding to the inclined sides of the conical hole.
interior bar passes through the table and is provided with a bearing in which it
can rotate and may sometimes be traversed vertically. The tool-holder takes into
the inclined slide, and as it is traversed up or down by the hollow bar in which it
is held, it moves towards or away from the axis of the hole in harmony with the
required shape of the hole. Cutting feed in a radial direction may be imparted
by vertical movements of the interior bar having the inclined slide. When the
purpose for which the machine is required is restricted to such work as machining
propeller and other bosses, horizontal movement of the vertical slide bed may
sometimes be dispensed with, and this bed may then be secured direct to the
standards of the machine, instead of being mounted on a horizontal slide bed.
The
In the accompanying drawings Fig. I is a front elevation and Fig. 2 a side
elevation of a machine constructed in accordance with the present improvements.
In these drawings 1. 2. are two vertical slide beds each carrying a tool slide 3. 4
which traverses to and fro vertically along it. The vertical slide beds are
mounted on and traverse along a horizontal slide bed 5 formed with two slides 6. 7.
and secured to standards 8. 9. carried on a foundation bed 10. In the drawing
the bed 5 is shown made in two parts bolted together but when its size is not
inconveniently large for construction in a single piece the latter method may be
adopted. The tool slides 3. 4 are operated by rotating screws 11. 12. respectively
and their weight is counterbalanced as indicated in the drawings. The vertical
slide bed 1 is traversed horizontally by a pair of rotating screws 13. 14. and
the other vertical slide bed 2 by a pair of screws 15. 16. The screw 11 is
rotated through bevel gearing driven by the horizontal shaft 17 in an usual
manner as indicated, and the screws 13. 14. through bevel gearing driven by.the
vertical shaft 18 as shown. The shafts 17. 18. are operated by driving gear shewn
at the left hand side of Fig. 1. in accordance with common practise. At the
right hand side of this fig. is a set of similar driving gear for operating the
screw 12 and screws 15. 16. through respective horizontal and vertical shafts 19. 20.
The two sets of driving gear are actuated by respective belts, and are entirely

page_text: distinct from and independent of each other, so that each vertical slide bed and
the tool slide upon
can be operated quite independently of the other vertical
slide bed and tool slide. The feed and reversing gear is in accordance with
common practise as indicated in the drawings, and includes two rocking shafts 21. 22..
relating respectively to the two vertical slide beds 1. 2. and their corresponding
tool slides. The inner stops 23. 24. on these rocking shafts respectively are to be
so adjusted for performing the reversing or arresting operations as not to permit
the two vertical slide beds to collide together. It is not considered necessary to
provide special mechanism for preventing collisions of this kind, and it has not
been found advantageous to employ stationary screws for operating the vertical
slide beds.
21 is the
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of a modified machine constructed according to the
present improvements, and Figs. 4. 5. are two elevations at opposite sides of the
machine. In this arrangement the horizontal slide bed 5, which is shown made
in one piece, can be raised or lowered on the standards 8. 9. by means of
screws 25. 25. operated simultaneously by belt power through a shaft and worm
gear as shewn. Squares are provided on the ends of the worm shaft, on which
handles can be applied for working the screws 25. 25. by hand power. A table 26
is provided upon the foundation bed 10 comprising circular transverse and longi-
tudinal slides. Only one vertical slide bed, 1, having a tool slide 3, is shown and
this is found sufficient when the horizontal slide bed is constructed for raising and
lowering. 13. 14. are the screws for traversing the vertical slide bed 1 and 11 is
the screw for traversing the tool slide 3. 17 is the horizontal shaft for operating
the screw 11, and 18 the vertical shaft for operating the screws 13. 14. The
shaft 17 is driven by 18 through the clutch bevel wheel 31, and bevel wheel 32.
31 is mounted loose on the shaft 18 and is put in or out of operation by the
clutch 33 which slides on a key on shaft 18. The bevel wheels on shaft 18
for transmitting rotation to the screws. 13. 14. are carried by a sleeve 34
mounted loose on the shaft, the lower wheel being formed with a clutch with which
the clutch 33 is engaged as required. The shaft 18 is driven in one direction by
the bevel wheels 35. 36. and in the other direction by the bevel wheels 37. 38.
The bevel wheel 35 is mounted on a hollow shaft 39, and 37 on a solid shaft 40
which passes through shaft 39. Shaft 39 is operated by belt pulley 41 and shaft 40
by belt pulley 42; the intermediate belt pulley being a loose one.
rocking shaft for actuating the reversing and cutting feed mechanism. The
reversing action is transmitted by bevel wheels at 52 (Fig. 3.) and at 53 (Fig. 5.)
mounted on a cross shaft through the vertical shaft 54 and through a lever and
connecting rod as shown assisted by push-over gear of well known construction.
The cross shaft just mentioned also transmits cutting feed movements to shaft 17
through lever mechanism and bevel wheels at 56, and also to the sleeve 34 through
lever mechanism actuating a cross shaft, furnished with a bevel wheel which gears
into a bevel wheel 55 on the sleeve. At the lower end of shaft 54 is a bevel
. wheel 58 which can be rotated by a ratchet and pawl shown at 57. Two other
sliding bevels gearing alternatively with 58 are mounted on a feather key on a hori-
zontal shaft (parallel with shaft 40) whence by a train of 3 spur wheels is driven a
shaft 43, the direction of its rotation being one way or the other according as one
or other of sliding bevel wheels is in gear with 58. The shaft 43 actuates
alternatively the shaft 46 (Fig. 3.) and shaft 47 (Fig. 5.) through clutch bevel and
spur gearing respectively as shown according to the position of the clutch 48. The
shaft 46 operates twin screws (through bevel wheels at 49. 50.) for traversing the
longitudinal slide of the table 26, and the shaft 47 operates a worm shaft 51
carrying a worm as shown (made in two parts adjustable for taking up wear) which
actuates the circular slide of the table. In view of the provision for imparting
cutting feed traverse to the vertical slide bed automatically, it is not found
necessary to traverse the transverse slide of the table 26, automatically, but it
is made moveable by hand by means of the hand wheel 59 whence through spur
wheels is operated a worm shaft 60 (Fig. 3.) on which are two worms gearing

page_text: respectively with two nuts formed as worm wheels mounted on two respective
screws 61. 61 (Figs. 4. 5.) carried fixed in the transverse slide. The shaft 60
is mounted in bearings in the bed 10, and its rotation therefore through the
mechanism described imparts movement to the transverse slide. When it is
required to use a machine for ordinary horizontal planing by traversing the
table 26 to and fro along the bed 10, the movements are transmitted through
the shaft 43 and other mechanism described, which are then strengthened for
the purpose. And the shaft 43 is operated in one direction by a train of four
spur wheels from the hollow shaft 39 and in the other direction by a train of three
spur wheels from the shaft 40. These trains of wheels can be put out of gear
when the planing action is not required. The reversing and cutting feed move
ments are produced by adjustable stops on the table operating the shaft 54 through
suitable mechanism of the kind used in ordinary horizontal planing machines. In
the drawings the foundation bed 10 on which the table slides is too short to be of
much service for the horizontal planing action, but its length can be added to as
required. 62 is a capstan for enabling the shaft 18 to be operated by hand in case
of need.
Fig. 6 is a front elevation and Fig. 7. a side elevation of a machine in which the
cutting tool is held in a vertical bar carried by a vertical spindle which works
either rotatorily or to and fro longitudinally as may be required. 1 is the
foundation bed of the machine 2. 3 the standards connected by a cross piece +,
having a vertical slide 5. along which works a slide 6 provided with a bearing in
which the vertical spindle 7 can rotate but cannot slide end wise.
The upper end of the spindle is fitted with a bevel wheel which rotates it, and in
which it is free to slide endwise; and the bevel wheel rotates in a fixed bearing
formed on the cross piece 4. The slide 6 is operated by a vertical screw which
can be actuated for imparting to the slide either cutting feed movements or a
vertical planing action under which the spindle is carried up and down longi-
tudinally by the slide. The spindle is rotated through the bevel wheel 10 by
single and double gear as shown situated on top of the machine and driven
through a cone belt pulley. The down feed of the spindle is effected through
mechanism as shewn (similar to that used in drilling machines) driven by cone
pulleys 8. 9. and acting on the screw of the slide 6.
For imparting a planing action to the slide 6 a distinct arrangement of driving
gear is employed in which a cross shaft gearing with the slide screw by bevel
wheels as shown is driven in alternate directions by means like those described for
driving the vertical shaft 18 in Figs. 3. 4. 5. This driving gear is situated at the
back of the machine and is partly shown in the drawings. The belt shifting bar is
operated by adjustable stops on the slide 6, which act as horns connected with a
bevel wheel transmitting rocking movements to a shaft 13 (Fig. 6.) and thence
through bevel wheels to a shaft 14 (Fig. 7) having at one end of it a lever coupled
to the belt shifting bar by a connecting rod as indicated. The work is held on a
From shaft 14
table comprising longitudinal, transverse and circular slides.
rocking movement is transmitted to the vertical shaft 15. through bevel wheels as
shewn. Cutting feed actions are transmitted to the various table slides from
shaft 15 through a shaft 16 and other well known mechanism used for actuating
the table slides of slotting machines. The circular slide of the table is hinged at
the back and can be lifted at the front in a well known manner by means of screws
so as to effect angular adjustments for key grooving an object with a conical bore
such as the boss of a propeller. The cutting tool is secured in a bar held in the
spindle, and the table slides are made with openings for allowing the bar to pass
through them and take into a bearing provided in the foundation bed 10. for the
purpose of giving additional support to the bar. In the drawings the tool holding
bar shown in position is constructed in accordance with the present improvements
for boring conical holes. 17 is the tool holding bar made hollow to receive a solid
bar 18, which rotates together with 17, and along which 17 is free to slide. The
bar 18, may be prevented from moving vertically by adjustable collars which bear

page_text: against the ends of the bearing in the foundation bed. The part of this bar which
enters into the hollow bar 17, is formed with an inclined slide in which slides a
tool-holder which projects through a hole in the hollow bar and in which the
cutting tool is secured. The inclination of the inclined slide is the same as that of
the sides of the holes to be bored. As the hollow bar slides along the solid one it
carries the tool-holder with it and causes it to slide along the inclined slide in the
solid bar and thus makes the point of the tool either recede further from the centre
of the bar or approach nearer to it as the case may be. Cutting feed in a radial
direction is applied by adjusting the solid bar end-wise by means of the adjustable
collars. In Fig. 6, the tool bar is shown as boring a conical hole in a propeller
boss. Sometimes for boring cylindrical holes the solid bar may be used without
collars and be free to slide vertically simultaneously with the hollow bar, the two
bars being for this purpose locked together by a clamping screw. The tool-holding
bar described may also be used for key-grooving either conically or cylindrically
bored bosses.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is :—
1. In a planing machine of the vertical and horizontal type the combination of
two vertical slide beds (with tool slides thereon) mounted on one and the same
horizontal slide bed and each operated by respective independent driving reversing
and cutting feed gear substantially as shown and described.
2. The general arrangement of a planing machine of the vertical and horizontal
type-substantially as shown and described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.
3. In a planing machine of the vertical and horizontal type the combination of a
vertical slide bed (with tool slide thereon) mounted on a horizontal slide bed
moveable up and down on standards with or without a table for the work com-
prising longitudinal transverse and circular slides substantially as shown and
described.
4. The general arrangement of a planing machine of the vertical and horizontal
type substantially as shewn and described with reference to Figs. 3. 4. 5.
5. In a machine for vertical planing the combination of a spindle to which a tool
holding bar is attached the said spindle being moveable both rotatorily (as for
boring) and longitudinally (as for planing and slotting) and of a table for the work
(which may comprise longitudinal transverse and circular slides) cut away to allow
the tool holding bar to pass through it into a bearing in the foundation bed of the
machine substantially as shown and described.
6. The general arrangement of a machine for vertical planing slotting and
boring substantially as shown and described with reference to Figs. 6 and 7.
7. The construction of a tool holding bar for boring and slotting both conical 4
and cylindrical work substantially as shewn and described.
Dated this Second day of July 1892.