IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR CLEAN- ING BRAN OR OTHER OFFAL OBTAINED DURING THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOUR
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for
Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR CLEAN-
ING BRAN OR OTHER OFFAL OBTAINED DURING THE MANUFACTURE OF
FLOUR." A communication.
Sealed the 27th October 1853, and dated the 30th August 1853..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward
Newton at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 30th August 1853.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR CLEANING BRAN OR OTHER
OFFAL OBTAINED DURING THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOUR" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the employment of an additional scourer,
through which the finer grades of offal are passed after their separation
from the coarser, in order that they may be subjected to the requisite
degree of friction for producing the desired effect without involving the
necessity of the coarse offal undergoing the same process, and con-

page_text: sequently becoming injured by cutting. The first scourer through
which the bran or offal is made to pass is constructed in a conical
form, with a roughened metallic inuer surface, and in this chamber is
a double disc rubber, which rubs the bran or offal against the inner
roughened surface of the comical chamber. The next improvement
relates to the arrangement of the bolting cloths in a vertical position,
so as to be capable of a vertical vibratory motion for preventing the
clogging of the cloth. For this purpose the bolting cloths are mounted
on a separate frame, which rests on springs, and is agitated by being
struck with hammers or in any other convenient manner. Another
improvement relates to such an arrangement and construction of the
several parts as to cause a current of air to pass through the bolting
cloths in order to throw the flour and bran against them, and effect
.the separation in a superior manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 28th February 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seven-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Edward Newton, Her special
licence that I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Edward
Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain

page_text: and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR CLEANING BRAN OR OTHER OFFAL OBTAINED
DURING THE MANUFACTURE OF FLOUR," being a communication from
abroad, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Edward Newton, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon
(that is to say):
This Invention relates to the employment of an additional scourer;
through which the finer grades of offal are passed after their sepa-
ration from the coarser, in order that they may be subjected to the
requisite degree of friction for producing the desired effect without
involving the necessity of the coarse offal undergoing the same process,
and consequently becoming injured by cutting. The first scourer
through which the bran or offal is made to pass is constructed in a.
conical form, with a roughened metallic inner surface, and in this.
chamber is a double disc rubber, which rubs the bran or offal against
the inner roughened surface of the conical chamber. The next im-
provement relates to the arrangement of the bolting cloths in a vertical
position, so as to be capable of a vertical vibratory motion for prevent-
ing the clogging of the cloth. For this purpose the bolting cloths are
mounted on a separate frame, which rests on springs, and is agitated
by being struck with hammers, or in any other convenient manner.
Another improvement relates to such an arrangement and construction
of the several parts as to cause a current of air to pass through the
bolting cloths in order to throw the flour and bran against them, and
effect the separation in a superior manner.

page_text: In the accompanying Drawings, forming part of this my Specifica-
tion, Fig. 1, is a side elevation of the machine, with casing and bolting
cloths removed; Fig. 2, is a similar view, having the bolting cloth in
position and one side of the casing removed; Fig. 3, is a vertical section
through the axis of the shaft, and parallel to the side of the machine;
and Fig. 4, is a horizontal section of the dise rubber taken on the
line a, a, of Fig. 1.
Similar letters of reference in the several Figures
denote the same part of the machine.
cap
A, A, are the posts of the frame, and a, is a cross piece carried by
the connecting bars a', for holding the vertical shaft b, which rests in
the step Z, and is revolved by a band passed over the pulley B. Upon
the upper portion of the shaft b, is fastened the conical scourer c, (see
Fig. 3,) which is formed of metal, and has a roughened surface pro-
duced by puncturing. Over the conical scourer c, is placed the d,
similarly provided on its under surface with projections formed in a
similar manner to those on the conc c. The distance of the cap d,
from the conical scourer c, is regulated by screws or other means so
that the cone may revolve any required distance from the cap. Below
the cone c, and connected with its cap d, is the funnel e, leading
to the opening f, which communicates with the lower scouring ap
paratus, consisting of two horizontal plates g, and h, mounted on the
shaft b. The plate g, bas a roughened or gratered surface like the cone
c, and cap d, at its under side, and the plate h, is armed with spikes or
beaters, placed either in regular or promiscuous order, and nearly or,
if desired, exactly equal in length to the distance between the two
plates, which always preserve the same relative positions with each
other, and revolving together. One or more radial channels or open
spaces are formed between the beaters v, as shewn in Fig. 4, for the
passage of dough balls, nails, stones, or other substances from the
centre to the periphery of the plate to prevent choking or other injury
to the machine. Beneath the plate h, is the cylindrical air chamber i,
secured to the shaft b, and moveable with it.
air chamber perforations o, are made, and
wings or fan blades j. The bottom of this
In the periphery of this
radiating from it are the
cylinder is also furnished

page_text: with openings, which when the cylinder is in motion admit a current of
air, which passing out through the openings o, in the periphery of the
cylinder, and between the wings j, is thrown off by the latter against
the bolting cloths with an effect that will be hereafter described. Sur-
rounding the lower scouring plates g, and h, and the air cylinder i,
are the bolting cloths t, secured to the frames r, which are inserted
between the posts A, A. These frames 1, rest upon the springs m, and
are capable of a vertical motion between the posts A, which motion is
produced through the pin 7, by means of the hammer n, attached to
the spring q, or, if desired, the springs m, may be omitted, and the
motion produced as before. Exterior to the frames 7, are the casings C,
having the spaces s, between them and the bolting cloths t.
The operation of the improved bran duster is as follows:-Before
being submitted to the action of this machine the finer grades of offal
are separated from the coarser by a shoe, and they then enter the upper
Scourer by the hopper H. After being acted upon by the roughened
surfaces c, and d, they fall into the funnel e, and pass by the openings f
to the second or lower scourer consisting of the plates g, and h, where
the fine offal meets the coarser grades, which enter the machine through
the openings f. If deemed best, all the offal may enter the machine
at the hopper H, the conical scourer being previously regulated so as
not to cut the coarser grades. The bran and flour, after being subjected.
to the action of the beaters v, and the projections on the plate g,
gradually work their way to the verge of the plate h, and fall over it
into the strong current of air above described, while all hard foreign
substances pass off through the channels between the beaters. The
centrifugal current into which the bran and flour fall throws them
against the bolting cloths t, causing the flour to be carried through
them into the spaces s, and thence by the openings s¹; on to the proper
receptacle, while the bran perfectly cleaned falls through the open-
ings p.
The shaking of the machine caused by the revolution of the shaft b,
and parts connected with it, or by any convenient or suitable device, or
in any effective manner preferred, produces a vibration of the spring q,

page_text: and thereby causes the hammer n, attached to it to strike the pin 1, thus
producing in the frames r, a vertical vibratory motion, which being
kept up during the operation of the machine effectually cleans the
bolting cloths, and prevents them from becoming clogged with the fine
flour. But one hammer n, and adjacent parts is shewn in the Drawing,
though in practice one is required for each of the frames r.
This machine does not require to be run at as great a speed as is
usual for bran dusters, which excessive velocity employed in other ma-
chines has a tendency to throw the offal away from the beaters, and
impair the operation.
The vibration of the bolting cloths caused by the hammer n, obviates
the necessity for the use of brushes, which wear away the cloth, and
soon render the machine useless.
Having now described the Invention of " Improved Machinery
for Cleaning Bran³or other Offal obtained during the Manufacture of
Flour," as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, I wish
it to be understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent
I claim,
First, the employment of the conical roughened metallic scourer c,
in combination with the double disc rubber g, and h, the discs and
pins of which always preserve the same relative positions, being
arranged and operating in the manner and for the purpose set
forth.
Second, attaching the bolting cloths t, to separate sectional frames r,
which may or may not rest on springs m, which frames are joined
or moved by hammers striking upon pins resting on the top of the
frames.
Third, the cylindrical air chamber i, surrounding and revolving with
the shaft b, the said cylinder having its periphery and lower end per-
forated, and carrying radial wings j, operating as herein described for
separating the bran from the flour.
Fourth, the double disc head g, h, constructed substantially as
described; and,
Fifth, the radial channels formed between the beaters v, for throwing

page_text: from the centre to the periphery of the double disc head g, h, all stones S
and other foreign substances, as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-fifth day of Fe-
bruary, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-four.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)