IMPROVEMENTS IN " AUTOMATIC WEIGHING MACHINES FOR WEIGHING LIQUIDS" GRANULAR AND PULVEROUS SUBSTANCES AND FOR
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Carl Reuther of Hennef on the Sieg in the German
Empire for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN " AUTOMATIC WEIGHING
MACHINES FOR WEIGHING
LIQUIDS"
GRANULAR AND PULVEROUS SUBSTANCES AND FOR
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Carl Reuther at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd April 1882.
CARL REUTHER of Hennef on the Sieg in the German Empire "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AUTOMATIC WEIGHING MACHINES FOR WEIGHING GRANULAR AND PULVEROUS
SUBSTANCES AND FOR LIQUIDS'
My improvements relate to the construction of apparatus for automatically
weighing granular or pulverous substances and liquids for which Letters Patent.
dated 16th August 1881 No 3551 have been granted to me.
One part of my invention relates to an improved arrangement of the mechanism
for opening and closing the supply of granular or pulverous material from the
hopper to the receptacle of the weighing machine. The accompanying drawing
shews the improved construction of such mechanism. In the arrangement described.
in any former Specification the load upon the knife edge Z of the balance was
regulated by adjusting the position of the tumbler weight p so as to alter the centre
of gravity of the admission slide G. According to the present invention this adjust-
ment is effected by means of a small sliding weight V on an arm v connected to
the slide G and weight p, the weight V being adjustable to any position on the
arm and secured by a setting screw.
As described in my former Specification the slide G has always the same position
when the material is only flowing through the two openings ff of the closed
slide F. Consequently the leverage of the centre of gravity of the slide G and
consequently also the pressure on the knife edge Z is always the same so long as
the weighing machine is in a vertical position. According to the present invention
this pressure is also maintained constant even when the machine is not vertical by
the following arrangement. Upon the axis of the slide G, that is on the knife
edge g, is hung a loaded pendulum E, upon which acts a pin r on the slide G so as ;
to raise it as shown in the drawing when the two slides are open. The pressures
due to the slides F and G and to the pendulum E being all transferred to the knife
edge Z, when they are in the position shewn, it will be seen that when the slide F
.

page_text: is closed and rests upon the pin W the knife edge Z only bears the load of G
and E; again, if E hangs vertically downwards, then only the load of G is borne
by the knife edge.
As described in the previous Specification, the accuracy of the weighing operation
depends upon the leverage of the centre of gravity of Ġ at the time when it alone
bears upon the knife edge Z. If now the machine be shifted out of the vertical
position the centre of gravity of G will describe an angle round the axis e, the
pendulum E will also describe the same angle, but in. the contrary direction, and
will consequently counteract the first named angle, so that when the pin r bears
against the penduluin when this is vertical, the leverage of the centre of gravity
of G, which turns round the axis will always remain the same.
The index on the framing, opposite which the tongue of the weighing beam plays
is in this case not fixed, but carried by a pendulum whose axis coincides with that
of the beam; by this means it is shifted in a corresponding manner to the shifting
of the horizontal position of the weighing beam.
According to another improvement, the bar that supports the bearing of the
knife edge Z is directly connected by a slotted link with the discharge flap of the
weighing receptacle; the slotted link allows the weighted lever that carries
the above named bar to be depressed so as to lower the bearings of the knife edges
while the flap remains closed, this being held closed by a weighted catch which is
released by a stop, when the receptacle descends after having received its charge.
The said weighted lever is also held both in its raised and in its lowered position
by a second weighted catch. This catch is acted upon by a stud on the slide G
when this is entirely closed, so as to allow the weighted lever to descend and to
permit of the opening of the discharge flap. Should from any circumstance the
slide G be prevented from closing properly, the catch will not be actuated and the
discharge flap will be prevented from opening although the material may continue
to run into. the receptacle until this is full. Thus the machine is automatically
thrown out of action when it gets out of order.
The slide F has a pin C which prevents the slide G from closing entirely if F be
not perfectly closed, so that the action is also automatically stopped if the slide F
gets out of order. Also, should the said catch that holds the discharge flap not
operate properly, the catch that acts on the weighted lever will prevent this from
descending and will consequently keep the flap closed.
Another improvement relates to the arrangement of the machine for weighing.
liquids. In order to prevent the tumbling receptacle for the liquid from falling
over too rapidly from the one position into the other, it is connected by a link to
the piston of a small cataract cylinder having a small passage, adjustable by a
screw plug, through which the liquid can pass from one end of the cylinder to the
other, so that the speed with which the piston moves in the cylinder and couse-
quently the speed with which the receptacle moves over from one position to the
other depends upon the degree to which the flow of the liquid through the said.
small passage is throttled. To prevent the liquid from flowing too rapidly out of
the tumbling receptacles, these are partly closed in at top by covers, leaving only a
small opening for the escape of the liquid.
In place of the toggle arrangement described in the former Specification for
holding the tumbling receptacles in the two opposite positions, this is in the present
instance effected by a segment on the receptacle, which, when this is in the raised
position, bears against a stop on a bar carried by the suspension stirrup of the
receptacle. When the latter sinks after receiving its full charge, the segment sinks.
clear of the stop, and the receptacle can then tumble over.
The before described arrangements for adjusting the action of the closing slides
of the machine for granular materials, as also the two pendulum arrangements for
adjustment when the machine is out of the vertical position are also applicable in
the same manner to the machine for weighing liquids

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by, the said Carl Reuther in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
2nd October 1882.
"
IMPROVEMENTS
CARL REUTHER of Hennef on the Sieg in the German Empire
IN AUTOMATIC WEIGHING MACHINES FOR WEIGHING GRANULAR AND PULVEROUS
SUBSTANCES AND FOR LIQUIDS"
My improvements relate to the construction of apparatus for automatically
weighing granular or pulverous substances and liquids for which Letters Patent
dated 16th August 1881 No 3551 have been granted to me.
One part of my invention relates to an improved arrangement of the mechanism
for opening and closing the supply of granular or pulverous material from the
hopper to the receptacle of the weighing machine Figs 1 to 4 of the accompanying
drawings shew the improved construction of such mechanism. Fig 1 shews a front
view of the machine and Figs 2, 3 and 4 shew three different positions of the
supply mechanism to an enlarged scale. In the arrangement described in my
former Specification the load upon the knife edge Z of the balance was regulated
by adjusting the position of the tumbler weight P so as to alter the centre of
gravity of the admission slide G. According to the present invention this
adjustment is effected by means of a small sliding weight V on an arm v connected
to the slide G and weight P, the weight V being adjustable to any position on the
arm and secured by a setting screw.
As described in my former Specification the slide G has always the same position
when the material is only flowing through the two openings ff of the closed
slide F. Consequently the leverage of the centre of gravity of the slide G and
consequently also the pressure on the knife edge Z is always the same so long as
the weighing machine is in a vertical position. According to the present invention
this pressure is also maintained constant even when the machine is not vertical, by
the following arrangement. Upon the axis of the slide G, that is, on the knife
edge g, is hung a loaded pendulum E-upon which acts a pin on the slide G so
as to raise it as shewn in the drawing when the two slides F and G are open as at
Fig 2. The pressures due to the slides F and G and to the pendulum E being all
transferred to the knife edge Z, when they are in the position shewn, it will be
seen that when the slide F is closed and rests upon the pin W, the knife edge Z only
bears the load of G and E; again, if E hangs vertically downwards, then only the
load of G is borne by the knife edge.
As described in the previous Specification, the accuracy of the weighing operation
depends upon the leverage of the centre of gravity of G at the time when it alone
bears upon the knife edge Z and consequently on the beam. If now the machine
be shifted out of the vertical position as for instance at Fig 4 the centre of
gravity of G will describe an angle round the axis e, the pendulum E will also
describe the same angle, but in the contrary direction, and will consequently
counteract the first named angle, so that when the pin bears against the pendulum
when this is vertical, the leverage of the centre of gravity of G which turns round
the axis will always remain the same.
The index a on the framing, opposite which the tongue a³ of the weighing beam
plays is in this case not fixed, but carried by a pendulum M whose axis coincides
with the axis a of the beam; by this means it is shifted in a corresponding
manner to the shifting of the horizontal position of the weighing beam, and the
tongue a³ will consequently still play opposite at when the machine is in an
inclined position.

page_text: The closing of the door M of the receptacle B is effected by the catch O. The
lever L carried on the axis m of the door M as described in my former Specification
is in this case dispensed with, and the bar K is connected directly with the door M.
The slot K allows of the lever I being drawn down while the door M is closed, so
as to take underneath the ends of the catch S, in order to allow the beam to
assume the horizontal position. The catch S serves to insure the correct action of
'the machine and to stop its operation as soon as from any cause the supply or
discharge mechanisms get out of order. Thus as the machine will weigh accurately
so long as there is no disturbance is the proper action of the said mechanisms, and
as the catch S will throw the machine out of action as soon as any such
'disturbance takes place, it will be evident that no errors in weighing can take place.
For this purpose the catch S is pivotted on a stud s fixed to the receptacle B, and
is pressed on one side by a pin g on the slide G, when this is completely closed, to
such an extent that, the lever I can pass by the same in its downward motion and
allow of the opening of the door M. Assuming that some obstruction has occurred
in the passage d of the hopper D, preventing the closing of the slide G, then
although the receptacle may have been filled, and the beam consequently have
descended on that side, so as to cause the catch O to be released by the stop Q, the
door M will not open because the pin g¹ of the slide G will not have pushed the
catch S to one side so as to free the lever I from the notch s whereby it is held.
The slide F has a pin f¹ which prevents the slide G from completing its forward
motion when F is not completely closed. The action of the machine is consequently
effectually interrupted if the slide F cannot close entirely. Should, from any
cause the catch O release the door M before the complete closing of F and G and
consequently before the completion of the weighing or should it happen that the
catch O, after the emptying of the receptacle did not catch into the door again, in
such cases also lever I will be held by the catch S and prevent the machine from
operating. The lever N serves for actuating the counter T.
Figs. 1 and 2 Sheet II shew respectively a cross section and a front view of the
improved construction of the weighing machine for liquids. The slide G is also in
this case provided with a movable adjusting weight V. The oscillating vessel B is
so arranged that on the emptying of its compartments it is prevented from tumbling
over too quickly but moves with a steady oscillating motion. For this purpose a
cataract W is employed. The loop B¹ by which the vessel is suspended carries a
cylinder W containing a piston X connected to the vessel B so as to be caused to
move up and down as the vessel oscillates. A passage w communicates with both
ends of the cylinder, the sectional area of which passage can be increased or
decreased by the regulating screw w¹. The cylinder W being filled with water or
other liquid, the piston X in order to move in the cylinder, will have to force the
liquid situated on one side thereof through the passage w to the other side, and
consequently the movement of the vessel B cannot take place more rapidly than
permitted by the flow of the liquid through the passage, and it will be seen that
the speed of such oscillation can consequently be regulated at will by adjustment
of the screw w¹.
In order to prevent the liquid from flowing off too rapidly from the compartments
of the vessel B, so that this may exercise sufficient pressure throughout its stroke
for actuating the cataract, it is provided with two sheet metal covers 7. r, so
arranged as to leave only two narrow openings 7 for the escape of liquid.
The weighted or pendulum arms E and U perform the same functions as
described with reference to the weighing machine for granular substances.
In place of the toggle mechanism described in the previous Specification for
holding the vessel B in its two positions, this is effected according to the present
invention by means of a segment I which, at each extreme motion, bears against a
studs on a bar S which is connected to the loop B₁ in such a manner as to be
capable of being shifted vertically to a slight extent on the same. On the
downward motion of the vessel B after receiving its charge, the looped upper end
of the bar S comes in contact with the stud t on the lever T and thus holds the

page_text: studs up so as to free the segment I as this sinks thereby allowing the vessel to
tumble over.
When it is desired to allow the beam to play into the horizontal
position, the lever T must be moved so as to lower the stud t and thus prevent the
bar S from coming in contact therewith. In addition to this, the two levers K
and must be thrown over into the opposite position so as to allow the valves D
and D to close completely and to put the bar S out of gear with the supply
mechanism.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I claim
First. The use in combination with the slide G Figs. 1 to 4 Sheet I and Fig 2
Sheet II of the adjustable weight V for the purpose described.
Second. Arranging the index a Fig 1 Sheet I and Fig 2 Sheet II on a pendulum
arm U for the purpose described.
Third. The use of the pendulum arm E Figs 1 to 4 Sheet I and Fig 2 Sheet II
for controlling the position of the slide G as described.
Fourth. The direct connection of the bar K Fig. 1 Sheet I with the door M, for
the purpose described.
Fifth. The use in combination with the tumbling vessel B Figs 1 and 2 Sheet II
of the cataract cylinder W for controlling the motion of the vessel.
Sixth. The use in combination with the weighing machine for
enheteness of the catch 5 arranged and operating as described.
lar
In Witness whereof I the said Carl Reuther have hereunto set my hand and
seal this thirteenth day of September in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.
CARL KEUTHER. (L.S.)