IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING FATTY AND OILY MATTERS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Payne, of Belmont Works, Battersea, in the
County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING
FATTY AND OILY MATTERS."
Sealed the 12th February 1867, and dated the 16th August 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Payne at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th August
1866.
I, GEORGE PAYNE, of Belmont Works, Battersea, in the County of Surrey,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
TREATING FATTY AND OILY MATTERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in treating fatty and oily
matters. At the present time it is common to treat fatty matters with
sulphuric acid in such manner as to break up the neutral fat and liberate the.
fatty acid from the glycerine; this fatty acid after it has been well washed bas
afterwards been distilled. Now I have discovered that it is advantageous to
treat fatty or oily acid obtained as above described with alkali, or an alkaline
earth, or metallic oxide, and then again with weak acid before it is distilled,
and that by this means the quantity of the distilled product obtained is increased,
whilst at the same time its quality is improved.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Payne in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 16th
February 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
PAYNE, of Belmont Works, Battersea, in the County of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said George
Payne, Her special licence that I, the said George Payne, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Payne, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING FATTY AND
OILY MATTERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George
Payne, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what mauner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Payne, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement
thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in treating fatty and oily
matters. At the present time it is common to treat fatty matters with
sulphuric acid in such manner as to break up the neutral fat and liberate the
fatty acid from the glycerine; this fatty acid after it has been well washed
bas afterwards been distilled. Now 1 have discovered that it is advantageous
to treat fatty or oily acid obtained as above described with alkali, or an
alkaline earth, or metallic oxide, and then again with weak acid before it is.
distilled, and that by this means the quantity of the distilled product obtained is
increased, whilst at the same time its quality is improved.

page_text: The following is the manner in which I prefer to proceed :-The fatty or
oily material (it may be, for example, tallow or palm oil) is first treated with
sulphuric acid in the manner heretofore practiced, so as to liberate the fatty
or oily acid; this is then taken, and to it is added, by preference, carbonate of
lime in the proportion of, say, one per cent. of the fatty or oily acid to be treated,
The carbonate of lime iu the form of chalk is ground fine with water to the
consistency of cream, and in this state it is mixed with the fatty or oily acid,
and the mixture is blown up with free steam for, say, two hours. Afterwards
the fatty or oily acid is treated with weak acid, say one and a half per
of commercial sulphuric acid diluted with twenty times its bulk of water, and
the mixture is blown up with free steam for a further period of say six hours,
the mixture is then allowed to stand for three or four hours to separate the
fatty or oily acid; after this treatment the material (the fatty or oily acid) is
ready to be distilled, and on distillation a larger product will be obtained than
there would have been had the material been distilled without being treated
according to this Invention, and further the material will be found to distil
over of whiter and purer quality, more especially towards the end of the process
of distillation.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Payne, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
GEO. PAYNE. (L.S.)