their Furnaces having Straight Flues.
Year: 1885

page_text: their Furnaces having Straight Flues.
I, ALEXIS YACOUBENCO, Engineer Court Councillor, residing at Gelianskaya
Street, house No. 54, in Kieff Russia do hereby declare the nature of this inven-
tion to be as follows:-
According to my invention I construct steam boilers of two or more batteries or
groups of tubular steam generators arranged in line one behind the other in a
furnace flue so that the flames and combustion gases pass directly in a straight line
from the one battery to the next, and thence also direct and more or less in a
straight line to the chimney, so that they are not subject to any sudden changes of
direction. There may also be arranged two or more such sets of tubular steam
generators, of two or more groups each, arranged in separate furnace flues side by
side, the flues being all made to converge at the rear end to one and the same
chimney.
•
Each battery may consist either of a single steam generator or of two or more
thereof, arranged both side by side and one above the other, each of the lower ones
being made to communicate with an upper one by a single upright connecting tube,
so that each tube is free to expand and contract independently of the others,
without straining the connections; the said connecting tubes may if necessary be
protected against the action of the flames by a casing of sheet metal.
One end of each tubular generator is closed by a removeable cover, rendered
steam tight by asbestos or other packing.
The feed water may either be introduced by means of an automatic feed
apparatus in a vertical tubular extension of the upper tube of the battery, or it
may be simply admitted through a regulating valve or cock into the lower tubes
of the rear battery or batteries, and after circulating through the upper tubes of
this battery it is led through a pipe to the bottom tube or tubes of the front
battery. The lower tube or tubes of the rear battery is or are provided with a
downward cylindrical extension in which the greater part of the solid matter
suspended in the water is deposited, and whence it is discharged from time to time
through a pipe provided with a cock.
The steam that collects in the upper tube or tubes of the front battery, and in
the tubular extension of the rear battery tube is conducted thence through a pipe

page_text: into a cylindrical steam chamber or chambers, through which pass flue pipes that
are in connection with the furnace flue, so that a portion of the hot gases from
the latter are made to pass through the steam chamber in order to dry the steam.
Dampers are provided to regulate such passage of the furnace gases.
The walls and top of the furnace casing are formed with longitudinal air flues,
through which the necessary air supply to the furnace is caused to pass on its way
to underneath the grate and to openings in the fire bridge, provided with regulating
dampers. The air supply may with advantage be drawn from localities in the
factory where ventilation is required to remove more or less vitiated air or
deleterious gases.
The above described tubular steam genérators, being made of comparatively small
diameter, namely about 20 inches, they may be made of considerably thinner metal
than ordinary boilers, and consequently the transmission of heat to the water will
be greatly facilitated.

page_text: their Furnaces having Straight Flues.
I, ALEXIS YACOUBENCO Engineer Court Councillor, residing at Gelianskaya
Street, house No. 54, in Kieff Russia do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
According to my invention I construct steam boilers of two or more batteries or
groups of tubular steam generators arranged in line one behind the other in &
furnace flue so that the flames and combustion gases pass directly in a straight line
from the one battery to the next, and thence also direct and more or less in a straight
line to the chimney, so that they are not subject to any sudden changes of direction.
There may also be arranged two or more such sets of tubular steam generators, of
two or more groups each, arranged in separate furnace flues side by side, the flues
being all made to converge at the rear end to one and the same chimney.
Each battery may consist either of a single steam generator or of two or more
thereof, arranged both side by side and one above the other, each of the lower ones
being made to communicate with an upper one by a single upright connecting tube,
so that each tube is free to expand and contract independently of the others,
without straining the connections; the said connecting tubes may if necessary be
protected against the action of the flames by a casing of sheet metal.
One end of each tubular generator is closed by a removeable cover, rendered
steam tight by asbestos or other packing.
The feed water may either be introduced by means of an automatic feed
apparatus in a vertical tubular extension of the upper tube of the battery, or it
may be simply admitted through a regulating valve or cock into the lower tubes
of the rear battery or batteries, and after circulating through the upper tubes of
this battery it is led through a pipe to the bottom tube or tubes of the front
battery. The lower tube or tubes of the rear battery is or are provided with a
downward cylindrical extension in which the greater part of the solid matter
suspended in the water is deposited, and whence it is discharged from time to time
through a pipe provided with a cock.
The steam that collects in the upper tube or tubes of the front battery, and in
the tubular extension of the rear battery tube is conducted thence through a pipe
into a cylindrical steam chamber or chambers, through which pass flue pipes that
are in connection with the furnace flue, so that a portion of the hot gases from the
latter are made to pass through the steam chamber in order to dry the steam.
Dampers are provided to regulate such passage of the furnace gases.
The walls and top of the furnace casing are formed with longitudinal air flues,
through which the necessary air supply to the furnace is caused to pass on its way
to underneath the grate and to openings in the fire bridge, provided with regula-
ting dampers. The air supply may with advantage be drawn from localities in
the factory where ventilation is required to remove more or less vitiated air of
deleterious gases.

page_text: The above described tubular steam generators, being made of comparatively
small diameter, namely about 20 inches, they may be made of considerably thinner.
metal than ordinary boilers, and consequently the transmission of heat to the water
will be greatly facilitated.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a longitudinal section of a boiler
according to this invention composed of two batteries, the first containing nine and
the second six boiler tubes. Figs. 2 and 3 are transverse sections on the lines 3–4
and 1-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 represents a horizontal section of three flues or smoke
conduits disposed alongside of each other and communicating with one common
chimney. The diameter of each boiling tube should not be less than 18 or 20 inches
in order to render them accessible for cleaning; their length depending on the
required heating surface.
The batteries are disposed in line one behind the other, somewhat ascending
from the fire place to the chimney. The flames and the products of combustion
passing along the batteries heat each boiling tube and then go straight to the
chimney, without undergoing any returns or sudden changes of direction.
Three separate boilers composed of batteries may communicate with one common
chimney as shewn in Fig. 4 but obviously the number of boilers may vary.
Each boiling tube communicates with that above it by a single short tube A, so
that the tubes are free to expand and contract, and each of these communication
tubes A may be protected against the direct action of the flame by a suitable casing
of sheet metal.
One end of each boiling tube is closed by a lid B which may be applied with
ordinary packing in the first battery, and with asbestos packing in the second or
in farther batteries.
The feed water is forced through the pipe R by a pump or any automatic
feeder C, or is simply admitted by a valve or a tap into the lower boiling tubes of
the 2nd battery.
Upon reaching over the upper boiling tubes of the second battery the water
passes by the tube D E into the boiling tubes K K of the first battery. Most of
the sediment settles in collectors a a whence it can be removed by the tube b.
The steam generated in the upper boiling tubes L L of the first battery is con-
ducted by tubes M M into two steam reservoirs N N, in which is conducted also,
by a pipe o-i the steam which may be produced in the dome P. This dome is
provided with a water gauge, a float p with rod C¹ regulating the feed, and may
have a warning whistle.
Through the steam reservoirs N N are led pipes Q S by which passes a portion
of the products of combustion for the purpose of drying the steam.
The passage of
the products of combustion by these pipes is regulated by means of dampers O
surrounded by a cage x of metallic network which prevents access of cinders to
the pipes SQ.
The front, sides, roof and bottom of the furnace and boiler setting are formed
with air conduits d d d, leading air under the grate of the furnace as well as
beyond the bridge at h and between the 1st and 2nd batteries as at l.
This air can be drawn from comparatively warm places of the establishment or
from places where the air is impregnated with pernicious gases. Thus not only
the whole of heat of the furnace is utilized and a more complete combustion of the
fuel and products of combustion obtained, but also a very efficacious ventilation is
established in the works or manufactory.
The boiling tubes, being of small diameter may be of considerably thinner metal
than boilers of large diameter.
The principal advantages of the improved steam boiler are as follows.
1. A considerable economy of fuel is obtained.s
(a) by avoiding returns and sudden changes in the direction of the flame and
products of combustion :
(b) by utilizing the heat of the setting in heating the air supply to the fire
and flue

page_text: (c) by ready passage of heat through the comparatively thin metal of the boiling
tubes.
(d) by drying the steam in reservoirs of considerable capacity.
(6) by avoiding a multitude of bends in the passages for the water and the
steam, and
(f) by facilitating cleaning of the boiling tubes from sediments and incrustations.
2. Safety against explosion owing to the retention of nearly the whole of the
sediments in the tubes farthest from the fire, and the certainty of maintaining the
proper level of the water in the first battery by continuous feeding, keeping
the level of the water in the dome of the 2nd considerably above the first battery.
Even if through negligence the upper boiling tubes of the first battery became
overheated, only a local rupture of these tubes could ensue without serious
consequences by reason of their small diameter and thickness.
3. The construction of all the essential parts of the boiler is so simple that they
can readily be kept in order and proper repair.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The construction of boiler, consisting of batteries placed in line one behind
the other in each battery consisting of a group of boiling tubes, substantially as
described.
2. The rectilineal arrangement of the flues without returns or sudden changes of
direction, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. The formation of air conduits in the setting supplying heated air under the
grate beyond the bridge, and in the flue between the batteries, ensuing complete
combustion, and aiding ventilation, substantially as herein described.
4. The pipes passing through the steam reservoirs conveying a portion of the
products of combustion for the purpose of drying the steam, substantially as set
forth.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.