Improvements in Cellular Material suitable for use in Cycle Wheel Tires and for other Cushioning Purposes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Dec., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 28th July, 1893-Accepted, 2nd Sept., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cellular Material suitable for use in Cycle Wheel
Tires and for other Cushioning Purposes.
I, JENO VON KEMENDY of 48 Herrmannstrasse, Munich in the Empire of
Germany Painter do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of this invention is to manufacture a cellular material in which the
form and arrangement of the cells shall be such that the material presents great
elasticity and resilience under pressure in certain directions, whereby such material
forms an excellent cushion suitable according to its size and general shape for any
purpose.
The improved material is composed of rubber or rubber composition of any kind
and its peculiarity consists first in the shape of the cells formed therein these being
of any shape of section on a plane to which the direction of intended pressure is
perpendicular, such as square triangular hexagonal, and usually flat upon one
end, but domed or vaulted at the other end with a sharp pointed vault so as to
present a vaulted roof against the direction of pressure. The cells are grouped in
two superposed series or in any number of superposed pairs of series, those of the
one series being so spaced in their plane with regard to the cells in the other series
that the lateral walls of the cells of the one series are below the vaulted ends of
the cells in the other series, and the walls of the cells of the said other series are.
similarly above and in the line of pressure with the vaulted ends of the cells in the
first series.
For ordinary cushioning purposes such material is made of indefinite extent with
its upper and lower surfaces level and parallel, but for special shapes such as wheel
tires for velocipedes, the outer and inner surfaces are made to the form of curve
desired, the inner to fit to the rim of the wheel, the outer usually in the form of an
arc of a circle in cross section on a plane containing the axis of the wheel., In
such case the cells are arranged so that the walls between them remain as far as
possible vertical not only at the middle but towards the edges of the tire.
Dated this 7th day of December 1892.
R. HADDAN,
Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cellular Material suitable for use in Cycle Wheel
Tires and for other Cushioning Purposes.
I JENO VON KEMENDY of 48 Hermannstrasse, Munich in the Empire of
Germany, Painter do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to manufacture a cellular material in which the
form and arrangement of the cells shall be such that the material presents great
elasticity and resilience under pressure in certain directions, whereby such material
forms an excellent cushion suitable according to its size and general shape for any
purpose.
The improved material is composed of rubber or rubber composition of any kind
and its peculiarity consists first in the shape of the cells formed therein these being
of any shape of section on a plane to which the direction of intended pressure is

page_text: perpendicular, such as square, triangular, hexagonal and usually flat upon one end,
but domed or vaulted at the other end with a sharp pointed vault so as to present
a vaulted roof against the direction of pressure.
The cells are grouped in two superposed series or in any number of superposed
pairs of series, those of the one series being so spaced in their plane with regard to
the cells in the other series, that the lateral walls of the cells of the one series are
below the vaulted ends of the cells in the other series, and the walls of the cells of
the said other series are similarly above and in the line of pressure with the vaulted
ends of the cells in the first series.
For ordinary cushioning purposes such material is made of indefinite extent with
its upper and lower surfaces level and parallel, but for special shapes such as wheel
tires for velocipedes, the outer and inner surfaces are made to the form of the curve
desired the inner to fit to the rim of the wheel, the outer usually in the form of an are
of a circle in cross section on a plane containing the axis of the wheel. In such
case the cells are arranged so that the walls between them remain as far as possible
vertical not only at the middle but towards the edges of the tire, a certain
divergence being however necessary to withstand lateral pressure.
In the annexed drawing, Figs. 1. 2. 3 and 4. are cross sections, Fig. 5 a sectional
plan and Fig. 6 a longitudinal section, the form of Figs. 1. 2 and 3 being
semicircular as arranged for wheel tires.
As shown in the figures the lower series consists of cells z the walls of which
converge above in the form of an ogival arch. The upper lying series of cells are
inverted and displaced with regard to the lower, so that their side walls i spring
from the crown of each arch..
As this special grouping or arrangement is seen both in the cross section and in
the longitudinal section each of the cell walls of the upper series rests on an arch
of the lower series. If pressure be exerted in direction of the arrow in Fig. 4 the
walls i transfer the pressure upon the arches of the lower series of cells. These
arches give great elasticity and produce an extremely favourable distribution of
pressure over the elastic cell walls. It is understood that the air enclosed in the
cells also exerts an elastic effect.
A tire constructed on this principle is not rendered useless and ineffective when
punctured, though it may also be easily repaired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
A cushion, being composed of any suitable elastic material consisting of cells of
any suitable cross section these cells being arched in direction of the pressure and
arranged in two or more superposed series, the vertical walls of each series springing
from the arches of the other series substantially as described.
11
Dated this 28th da v
BLOWS TOY UL 9ⱭLY LOhn
R. HADDAN,
Herbert Haddan & Co.,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London, Agent for Applicant.