IMPROVEMENTS IN ההסברה
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Read Holliday, of Huddersfield, in the
County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ההסברה ההאז הבוררOTAOO
Scaled the 8th February 1854, and dated the 12th August 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Read Holliday
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Peti-
tion, on the 12th August 1853.
I, READ HOLLIDAY, of Huddersfield, in the County of York, do Prov
Spee
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN LAMPS AND IN LANTERNS USED THEREWITH" to be as follows:-
The improvements apply to that class of lamp used for burning
liquid hydro-carbons, and such as for which Patents have been
granted to me, and consist for the most part in certain novel
arrangements and combinations of the parts, adapting them for
use in lanterns and other situations where they will be subjected
to considerable motion or to strong currents of air, such as railway
and other carriage, ship, and signal lights.
I form a shield in the reservoir of the lamp, between the capil-

page_text: lary wick and the main quantity of liquid in the reservoir, to
prevent the cool liquid constantly splashing against the wick and
wick tube, there being an opening or openings near the bottom of
such shield for the passage of the fluid to the capillary wick; also,
I affix an air chamber to and extended above the ordinary feed
cap to catch and return the liquid thrown up through the vent
hole in the feed cap; also, I make the burner head, in which are
the apertures or the aperture for the escape of the vapour generated
and the air for the flame, considerably shorter, say, within about
half an inch above the aperture for the admission of atmospheric
air into the burner, in order to keep the flame as low down as
possible when used in-a lantern, the burner. being with or without
a regulator, tap, or valve; also, I make the burners of iron, brass,
and other hard mixed metals; also, I enlarge the apertures for the
admission of atmospheric air and the escape of heated air in relation
to the flame obtained in lanterns in which such lamps are used.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said Read Holliday in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 11th February 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME,
I, READ HOLLIDAY, of Huddersfield, in the County of York, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by
Her Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of August, in'
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three,
in the seventeenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs
and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Read Holliday,
Her special licence that I, the said Read Holliday, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Read
Holliday, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully

page_text: night make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Cliannel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS AND IN LANTERNS
USED THEREWITH," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Read Holliday, by an instrument in writing under my hand
and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Read Holliday, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
7. The improvements apply to that class of lamps used for burning
liquid hydro-carbon, and such as for which Patents have been
granted to me, and consist for the most part in certain novel
árrangements and combinations of the parts, adapting them for
use in lanterns and other situations where they will be subjected to
considerable motion, or to strong currents of air, such as railway
and other carriage, ship, and signal lights.
But that the Invention may be fully understood I will proceed.
to explain the Drawing annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
: Figure 1, shows a sectional view, and Figure 2, a plan of
an arrangement of lamp according to my Invention, adapted for
use in a lantern. The form of lantern which I have indicated by
dotted lines is suitable to be applied as a side or head light of a
railway train, or as a railway or other signal light; but the form
of lantern in which such lamps may be used will be varied to the
circumstances requiring them. b, is the reservoir for the liquid
hydro-carbon used to generate the gas by the heat of the burner c;
d; being cotton or other matter acting to supply the burner by

page_text: capillary means, as is well understood. e, is a tube or other shield
in the reservoir surrounding the lower part of the burner c, and
the wick d, and descending to nearly the bottom of the reservoir b,
by which, when a shaking motion is given to the lamp, the cool
liquid in the main body of the reservoir, and surrounding the
lower part of the burner and wick, will be prevented splashing.
against the wick d; and the lower portion of the burner, which acts.
as the wick tube whilst the liquid as consumed, will be capable of
passing freely under the lower portion of such tube or shield e; or
in place of there being a space left between the bottom of the
tube c, and the bottom of the reservoir, there may be a series of
The
small openings around the lower portion of the tube e.
general arrangement and mode of applying the burner is such as
was fully described in the Specification of a Patent granted to me
on or about the Eighth day of August, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty. The principal difference in the present arrangement
from that shewn by the arrangements in such former Specification
consisting in reducing the height of the burner bead above the
reservoir, as shewn; the height of the burner head (in which are
the apertures or the aperture for the escape of the vapour gene-
rated and the air for the flame) being brought down much closer
to the opening or openings for the admission of atmospheric air
into the burner, which arrangement I have found of considerable
importance in adapting the lamp to lanterns of small dimensions,
as I am thereby enabled to keep the flame low down in such
lanterns. This burner is shewn without a tap to regulate the flow
of vapour to the burner head as generated, but a tap may be used,
if required, as shewn by various of the arrangements in the
Drawings accompanying the Specification above referred to. The
form of burner head which I have shown is suitable to produce a
flat flame, there being an opening ct, in the upper part thereof,
through which the gas generated, and the atmospheric air which
passes into the burner through the openings c³, pass combined
when ignited., are other openings in the side, through which
.

page_text: portions of such gas or vapour and air escape, and are there s
ignited to aid the heating of the burner for the generation of the
gas from the liquid used. There are also two openings.c", formed
through the burner to facilitate the atmission of atmospheric air
into the burner; but this, as also the form or arrangement of
burner, in so far as the position and number of the openings for
jets of combined gas or vapour and air for ignition, may he
varied, and form no part of the present Invention. f, is an air
chamber extending above, but forming part of the ordinary feed
cap f, to catch and return the liquid which may be thrown up
through the vent hole in the cap. In applying my lamps to lan-
terns I generally find it necessary to enlarge the apertures for the
admission of atmospheric air, and the escape of the heated air in
relation to the flame obtained. The arrangement which I prefer
to use consists in forming openings g, g, through the lower part of
the lantern and through the reservoir b, in addition to those
ordinarily employed for the admission of atmospheric air, the
passage of air through the reservoir tending to keep the liquid
therein cool. 1, is the opening for the escape of the heated air
and vapours generated by combustion to the passages i, i. The
dimensions of these inlet and outlet apertures which I have shown
are those which I have found to answer well for the size of burner
indicated, but these will be varied to the size of burner em-
ployed. Figure 3, shows an external view of the burner separately.
Figures 4, and 5, show a side view and plan of a burner head,
with the space between the air passage c³, and the outlet for the
flame reduced, as already described, and suitable for the interior
of a lantern or other situation, but with the reservoir separated
from the burner by a tube j, which may have a stop cock, if re-
quired. I cast the burners of iron, brass, and other hard mixed
metals, as well as of copper.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, I
would have it understood that what I claim is, the arrangement
and combination of parts of lamps used or the burning of liquid

page_text: hydro-carbons and of lanterns used therewith, as herein ex-
plained.
Ini witness whereof, I, the said Read Holliday, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of February,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-four.
Witness,
WILLIAM BROOKES,
73, Chancery Lane,
Patent Agent.
READ HOLLIDAY. (L.S.)