Improvements in Cooking Ranges.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Nov., 1893
1omplete Specification Left, 3rd Aug., 1894-Accepted, 15th Sept., 1894
ROY DIVNAL DIMITTUATION.
Improvements in Cooking Ranges.
We,
GEORGE GORDON BRODIE and JAMES DAMREL PRIOR, of The Eagle
Range and Foundry Company, Catherine Street, Aston near Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Ironfounders do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
Our invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in cooking
ranges burning solid, liquid or gaseous fuel, the said improvements having for their
object first to provide for the inspection from time to time of the contents of the
ovens of the said ranges during the cooking of the same without materially
affecting the temperature of the said ovens ; and secondly to give complete or
approximately complete control over the circulation of the heated air and products
of combustion through the flues of the said ranges so that the heat may either be
conducted direct from the fire box to the chimney or be conducted through the
flues around the oven to the chimney or be so conducted as to pass under the hot
plate as may be desired.
In order to provide for the inspection of the contents of the ovens of ranges
we furnish the said ovens with double doors, that is, each oven with an inner
glass door and with an outer motallic door or shield for protecting the inner
glass door.
The said inner door consists of a metallic frame hinged at one side to the front
of the range. The said metallic frame is provided with a panel of glass, the said
panel being fitted into a recess or rebate in the metallic frame. The said recess or
rebate in the frame is lined with a pad of asbestos or other incombustible yielding
material so as to keep the glass panel out of contact with the metallic frame. The
said glass panel is held in place in the frame by means of turn buttons or catches
pivoted on the said frame. We prefer to give the acting ends of the said turn
buttons or catches a slight elasticity or to provide their acting faces with asbestos
or other incombustible yielding pads. The outer metallic door may be hinged to
the frame of the inner door; or may slide in grooves formed in the said frame; or
may be suspended or supported in front of the inner glass door. When the said
outer door is hinged to the inner door we prefer to polish or enamel its inner face
or to provide the said inner face with a reflector by which to illuminate the interior
of the oven on the opening of the said outer door.
By constructing the doors of ovens in the manner herein before described the
process of cooking of the contents of the oven may be observed from time to time
without materially interfering with the said process of cooking. Further, by
providing the edges of the glass panel of the inner door with a yielding pad or
cushion, risk of breakage from expansion or contraction of the said glass panel is
obviated and by providing the said inner glass door with an outer protecting
metallic door, risk of breakage of the said glass door from other causes is greatly
reduced. Should however the glass panel by accident be broken the cooking
operation can be proceeded with, the outer door serving to close the oven and to
act as the door proper until the broken glass panel can be replaced by a new one.
By the method of fixing the said glass panel in its place in the metallic frame
namely, by means of the turn buttons or catches the said glass panel may be
replaced when desired without skilled labour.
In order to diminish the risk of breaking the glass by sudden closing of the door
the lower edge of the oven may be inclined and the edge of the door similarly

page_text: inclined so that the door on closing is slightly raised and shock prevented. Or a
small buffer spring or springs may be employed for the same purpose.
In order to control the circulation of the heated air and products of combustion
in the flues of cooking ranges we arrange the said flues and appliances connected
therewith in the following manner.
We provide the oven side of the cooking range with two vertical flues and two
horizontal flues. One vertical flue extends down that side of the oven next to the
fire box and the other vertical flue extends down that side of the oven most distant
from the fire box. The horizontal flues pass under the bottom of the oven and
over the top of the oven. We divide the top horizontal flue by means of a middle
vertical web or diaphragm extending from the fire box of the range to the outer
side or framing of the range so as thereby to convert the said top flue into two
narrower parallel flues. On the bottom of each of the said top flues, a sliding
plate works the said plate being preferably equal in length to the web or diaphragm
herein before described less the width of one of the vertical flues.
We so arrange
the said sliding plates with respect to each other that when the end of one plate is
over the vertical flue next to the fire box the opposite end of the other sliding
plate is over the vertical flue most distant from the fire box. We so gear or
connect the said sliding plates together that the sliding of one plate in one direction
effects the sliding of the other plate in the opposite direction.
The circulation of the heated air and products of combustion is controlled by
the said top flues and sliding plates in the following manner.
When it is desired that the heat shall pass first direct to the bottom of the oven
for heating the same, the plates are moved so that the end of the plate working in
the top flue nearest the front of the range shall cover the top of the vertical flue
most distant from the fire box. At the same time the opposite end of the other
sliding plate is made to cover the vertical flue next to the fire box. The heated
air and products of combustion passing over the bridge dividing the fire box from
the flues descend the uncovered part of the vertical flue next to the fire box, that
is, the part opening into the front top flue; pass under the oven up the vertical
flue most distant from the fire box into the back top flue. When the oven is
required to be heated on what is known as the Leamington principle the sliding
plates are moved into positions the opposite to that hereinbefore described; the
heated air and products of combustion now pass over the oven, down the vertical
flue most distant from the fire box, under the bottom of the oven and up the
vertical flue next to the fire box. When it is desired to heat the hot plate of the
range the sliding plates are moved into their midway position.
Dated this 29th day of November 1893.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cooking Ranges.
We GEORGE GORDON BRODIE and JAMES DAMREL PRIOR, of The Eagle
Range and Foundry Company, Catherine Street, Aston near Birmingham in the
County of Warwick Ironfounders do hereby declare the nature of our invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described in cooking
ranges burning solid, liquid, or gaseous fuel, the said improvements having for their
object first to provide for the inspection from time to time of the contents of the
ovens of the said ranges during the cooking of the same without materially affecting
the temperature of the said ovens ; and secondly to give complete or approximately

page_text: compiete control over the circulation of the heated air and products of combustion
through the flues of the said ranges so that the heat may either be conducted
direct from the fire box to the chimney or be conducted through the flues around
the oven to the chimney or be so conducted as to pass under the hot plate as may
be desired.
In order to provide for the inspection of the contents of the ovens of ranges we
furnish the said ovens with double doors, that is, each oven with an inner glass
door and with an outer metallic door or shield for protecting the inner glass
door.
The said inner door consists of a metallic frame hinged at one side to the front
of the range. The said metallic frame is provided with a panel of glass, the said
panel being fitted into a recess or rebate in the metallic frame. The said recess or
rebate in the frame is lined with a pad of asbestos or other incombustible yielding
material so as to keep the glass panel out of contact with the metallic frame. The
said glass panel is held in place in the frame by means of turn buttons or catches
pivoted on the said frame. We prefer to give the acting ends of the said turn
buttons or catches a slight elasticity or to provide their acting faces with asbestos
or other incombustible yielding pads. The outer metallic door may be hinged to
the frame of the inner door, or may slide in grooves formed in the said frame; or
may be suspended or supported in front of the inner glass door. When the said
outer door is hinged to the inner door we prefer to polish or enamel its inner face
or to provide the said inner face with a reflector by which to illuminate the interior
of the oven on the opening of the said outer door.
In order to control the circulation of the heated air and products of combustion
in the flues of cooking ranges we arrange the said flues and appliances connected
therewith in the following manner.
We provide the oven side of the cooking range with two vertical flues and two
horizontal flues. One vertical flue extends down that side of the oven next to the
fire box and the other vertical flue extends down that side of the oven most distant
from the fire box. The horizontal flues pass under the bottom of the oven and over
the top of the oven. We divide the top horizontal flue by means of a middle
vertical web or diaphragm extending from the fire box of the range to the outer
side or framing of the range so as thereby to convert the said top flue into two
narrower parallel flues. On the bottom of each of the said top flues a sliding plate
works, the said plate being preferably equal in length to the web or diaphragm
We so arrange
herein before described, less the width of one of the vertical flues.
the said sliding plates with respect to each other that when the end of one plate is
over the vertical flue next to the fire box the opposite end of the other sliding plate
is over the vertical flue inost distant from the fire box. We so gear or connect the
said sliding plates together that the sliding of one plate in one direction effects the
sliding of the other plate in the opposite direction. The circulation of the heated
air and products of combustion is controlled by the said top flues and sliding plates
in the following manner.
When it is desired that the heat shall pass first direct to the bottom of the oven
for heating the same the plates are moved so that the end of the plate working in
the top flue nearest the front of the range shall cover the top of the vertical flue
most distant from the fire box. At the same time the opposite end of the other
sliding plate is made to cover the vertical Hue next to the fire box. The heated
air and products of combustion passing over the bridge dividing the fire box from
the flues, descend the uncovered part of the vertical flue next to the fire box, that
is, the part opening into the front top flue; pass under the oven up the vertical
flue most distant from the fire box into the back top flue. When the oven is
required to be heated on what is known as the Leamington principle; the sliding
plates are moved into positions the opposite to that herein before described; the
heated air and products of combustion now pass over the oven, down the vertical
flue most distant from the fire box, under the bottom of the oven and up the vertical

page_text: J
Hue next to the fire box. When it is desired to heat the hot plate of the range the
sliding plates are moved into their midway position.
We will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying drawings
*the manner in which our invention is to be performed.
.
Figures 1 and 2 represent front elevations of a portion of a cooking range
the oven of which is provided with a double door constructed according to our
invention.
In Figure 1 the inner glass door is represented closed and the outer metallic door
or shield partly opened for the inspection of the contents of the oven through the
closed glass door and in Figure 2 the double door is represented partly opened for
gaining access to the oven.
Figure 3 represents in front elevation and Figure 4 in back elevation and in
longitudinal section, the double door detached from the oven, drawn to a larger
scale and Figure 5 represents an elevation of the inner corrugated and reflecting
face of the outer metallic door detached: Figures 6 and 7 represent in elevation
and section, enlarged views of one of the corners of the inner or glass door,
the said Figures 6 and 7 exhibiting the construction of the asbestos lined rebate for
receiving the glass panel and also the yielding turn buttons or catches for fixing
the glass panel in its place. One of the sections of Figure 7 is drawn to a larger
scale than the other for the purpose of the better exhibiting of the construction
of the parts. The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1, 2,
3, 4, 5, 6 and 7.
a,
b is the inner door consisting of the metallic frame a jointed at c, c to the front
of the range, and the glass panel b fitted in the recess or rebate f in the said
metallic frame a; a' is the catch and handle of the inner door; d is the outer
metallic door or shield, a little larger than the glass panel 6, the said door d being
jointed at e, e to the unjointed edge of the metallic frame a of the inner or glass
door. Either the inner or outer door of the double door can be opened, or the
two parts of the double door opened or closed together. Instead of jointing
the outer metallic door d to the metallic frame of the inner door a, b the outer door
may slide in grooves in the metallic frame of the inner door, or be supported or
suspended in front of the inner glass door. We prefer however to joint the outer
door to the metallic frame of the inner door as represented. The inner face of
the outer metallic door d is silvered or polished or enamelled and corrugated
or fluted and constitutes a reflector by which when the said outer door is opened,
the interior of the oven may be illuminated through the closed glass door.
It will be seen by referring to Figures 6 and 7 that the recess or rebate fin the
metallic frame a of the inner door is lined with a seated pad or cushion g of asbestos
or other incombustible yielding material against which the edges of the glass panel
bear so as to keep the said glass panel out of contact with the metallic frame a ;
and the said glass panel is held in its place at each corner of the frame by the turn
buttons or catches, pivoted at i to the frame, the acting faces of the said turn
buttons being provided with asbestos pads k or other incombustible yielding pads
(see Figure 7) which bear against the glass panel. The arms carrying the acting
parts of the turn buttons h, h are made slightly elastic or capable of yielding.
When the glass panel 6 is broken it may be replaced by a fresh one by turning
aside the buttons or catches h, h (as indicated in Figure 6, placing the glass
panel in its lined rebate and turning back the buttons or catches upon the glass
panel.
Instead of making the glass panel in one piece it may be made in, say, three
pieces, fitted edge to edge; or the pieces of glass of which the panel is composed
may be carried by a light metallic frame.
By constructing the doors of ovens in the manner hereinbefore described and
illustrated, the process of cooking of the contents of the oven may be observed
from time to time by opening the outer metallic door d, without materially
interfering with the said process of cooking. Further, by providing the edges of

page_text: the glass panel of the inner door with a yielding pad or cushion a risk of breakage
from expansion or contraction of the said glass panel is obviated and by providing
the inner glass door b with an outer protecting metallic door d risk of breakage
of the said glass door from other causes is greatly reduced. Should, however the
glass panel 6 by accident be broken the cooking operation can be proceeded with,
the outer door d serving to close the oven and to act as the door proper until the
broken glass panel can be replaced by a new one. By the method of fixing the
said glass panel in the metallic frame, namely, by means of the turn buttons
or catches h, h the said glass panel may be replaced when desired without skilled
labour.
In order to diminish the risk of breaking the glass by sudden closing of the
door the lower edge of the oven may be inclined and the edge of the door
similarly inclined so that the door on closing is slightly raised and shock prevented.
Or a small buffer spring or springs may be employed for the same purpose.
Figure 8 represents in front elevation; Figure 9 in vertical cross section and
Figures 10 and 11 in plan, with the hot plate removed, a cooking range containing
our arrangement for controlling the circulation of heated air and products of
combustion in the oven flues of the same; Figure 12 represents the upper part of
Figure 9 drawn to a larger scale. In Figure 10 the parts are arranged for the
direct heating of the top of the oven and in Figure 11 for the direct heating of
the bottom of the oven.
The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 8, 9, 10, 11
and 12.
a and b are the vertical side flues of the oven and is the vertical back flue;
d and are the two horizontal narrow flues over the top of the oven, the said
flues being separated by the vertical web or diaphragm extending from the fire
box e to the outer side or frame of the range (see Figures 10 and 11); g is the
horizontal flue under the bottom of the oven. The ends of the two narrow horizontal
top flues & and d² open into the tops of the side vertical flues a and b and the said
flues a and b open into the bottom horizontal flue g, and the latter flue opens into
the back vertical flue / communicating with the chimney flue i.
On the bottoms of the two narrow horizontal flues d and d³, sliding plates or
dampers work. The plate or damper working in the flue d is marked k and that
working in the flue d' is marked . These sliding plates or dampers are worked
by the hand lever m turning on the centre n and are so geared together by the said
lever that the sliding of one plate in one direction effects the sliding of the other
plate in the other direction (see Figures 10 and 11). This is effected by connecting
one arm of the lever m by the pin and slot at p to the plate or damper and
connecting the other arm of the said lever by the pin and slot at g to the other
plate or damper k. The said sliding plates k and are so arranged with respect
to each other that when the lever m is moved so as to bring the end of the plate k
over the vertical flue a, the other end of the other plate is brought over the
vertical flue as seen in Figure 10, the positions of the plates and being reversed
when the lever m is moved in the opposite direction as seen in Figure 11. The
handle end of the lever m works in a slot in the front plate of the range and the
said slot is covered in any position of the lever by the closing strip r carried by
the said lever, the closing strip working in guides on the range plate.
When it is desired that the heat shall, first pass direct to the bottom of the
oven, the sliding plates or dampers k, are arranged in the manner represented in
Figure 11. That is to say, the said plates k, l are moved by the lever m so that
the end of the plate k most distant from the fire box e shall cover one half of the
top of the vertical flue 6 and open half of the vertical flue a nearest the said fire
box e.
At the same time the opposite end of the sliding plate is made to cover
half of the vertical flue a next the fire box and open half of the vertical flue b
most distant from the fire box. When the two plates or dampers k, are thus
arranged, the heated air and products of combustion from the fire box e descend
the uncovered part of the vertical flue a next the fire box, pass along the horizontal

page_text: flue
under the oven, up the vertical flue 6 and back flue into the chimney flue i
as indicated by the arrows.
When the top of the oven is first to be heated, the sliding plates or dampers k, l.
are moved by the lever m into the positions represented in Figure 10 so as to open
by the plate k, part of the vertical flue b and close part of the vertical flue a; at
the same time closing by the other plate part of the vertical flue band opening
part of the vertical flue o. The heated air and products of combustion now pass
direct over the top of the oven, down the vertical flue 6 under the bottom
flue 9 and up the vertical flues a and to the chimney flue i as indicated by
the arrows in Figure 10.
In order to heat the hot plate of the range, the lever m is moved into the
mid-position indicated in dotted lines in Figure 10 so as to bring the sliding
plates or dampers into their midway position as indicated in dotted lines in
Figure 10.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed we declare that we claim
as our invention of "Improvements in cooking ranges ;-
First. The improvements in the construction of the oven doors of cooking ranges
for permitting of the inspection of the contents of the said ovens without materially
interfering with the process of cooking herein before described and illustrated in
Figures 1, 2, 3, 45, 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings; that is to say, providing
the ovens with double doors, namely with an inner glass door and with an outer
metallic door or shield for protecting the inner glass door, the several parts being
constructed and arranged substantially as described and illustrated.
Secondly. Providing the edges of the glass panel of the inner door of the double
door with a yielding pad or cushion of asbestos or other incombustible yielding
material for the purpose described and also providing the metallic frame of the
glass door with turn buttons or catches of the kind and for the purpose described
and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Thirdly. The arrangement of the oven flues and appliances connected therewith
for controlling the circulation of the heated air and products of combustion through
the said oven flues hereinbefore described and illustrated in Figures 8, 9, 10, 11
and 12 of the accompanying drawings; that is to say, dividing the top horizontal
flue by means of a vertical web or diaphragm into two parallel flues, and using
on the bottoms of the said parallel flues two sliding plates or dampers, worked by
a lever, for opening and closing the two side vertical flues of the oven, the said
plates or dampers being so arranged and geared together that when the lever is
moved in one direction, the said plates cause the heated air to pass first direct to
the bottom of the oven and when the lever is moved in the opposite direction, the
said plates cause the heated air to pass first direct over the top of the oven and
when the said lever is moved into its midway position the heating of the hot plate
is effected substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated the Second day of August 1894.
W. T. WHITEMAN,
Agent for the Applicants.