IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
Year: 1842

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
JUCKES, of Putney, In the County of Surry, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twenty-second day of September, in the sixth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said John Juckes, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said John Juckes, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said John Juckes, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick upon Tweed,
my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES;" in which said Letters Patent
is contained a proviso that I, the said John Juckes, shall cause a particular-
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar inonths next and immediately after the date of the said in
part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto
had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Juckes, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say :-
My Invention has for its object the so constructing a furnace as to apply
a circular horizontal revolving grate of fire bars, and in such manner that
some part of the fire bars is at all times out of the furnace, and not
upholding ignited fuel. By such arrangement the fire bars, in passing out
of the furnace, are freed from clinker and other matters which might
adhere if the fire bars remained constantly in action within the furnace; and
the fire bars by thus passing into and out of action are kept cool, and not
liable to be so injuriously acted on by the high temperature of the furnace. At
the same time, the fuel will be more advantageously burned, as the fire bars in
entering the furnace carry in with them fresh coal (generally "slack," or the
smaller coal is used), which becoming ignited, first at the upper surface by the
heat of the interior of the furnace, which is lined with fire brick at the com-
mencement, in order that the reflected heat may ignite the upper surface of the
coal so carried in by the fire bars, and the products of combustion, passing off
from the fuel, must pass over the well ignited fuel in the furnace before they
reach the flues; hence no black smoke will escape from such a construction of
furnace, if the same be caused to revolve only slowly. And in order that the
Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into effect, I will
proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed, first remarking that the
same letters of reference are used to denote the same parts in the various

page_text: ever be the arrangement, the flue should commence near the part of the
furnace where the fire bars leave the furnace, so that the products of the fresh
fuel must of necessity pass over the well ignited fuel before entering the flue;
and in order to ensure this being the case, the centre of the furnace is either
filled up, as shown by the Drawing, by a water space or else by brickwork, the
fire bars revolving round such centre. And it is desirable to call attention to
the circumstance that the fire bars are to have such movement in respect to
each other as to cause them to separate, in order to free them from any matter
adhering to them; and before they again enter the furnace, they go again into
a level position, and receive a quantity of fresh fuel, to a measured or regulated
depth therein, and carry the same into the furnace. The boiler shown is
circular, and the furnace is concentrically placed interior of the boiler. a, a,
is a circular fixed frame, having a series of conical rollers b, which act as
friction rollers to the series of grates of fire bars; and such rollers b, b,
support the fire bars as they revolve round in a circle, excepting at the
front of the boiler, where the fire bars leave the furnace.
At the point the
conical rollers are so placed that each of the bars of which each grate is
composed successively falls down, and thus clears itself and the next of any
matters adhering thereto. c, c, is a rotatory frame, the other part of which is
formed into a toothed circular rack or wheel, into which a pinion d takes; and
motion being communicated to such pinion by any suitable means, the circular
frame c, c, will be moved slowly round it, being guided in its movement by
embracing the water space e of the boiler; and where that is not the case, then
there is to be a similar upright, and a filling up of the centre of the furnace
by other means, as before mentioned. The frame c, c, carries a series of sets of
fire bars, each set being on an axis f, as is shown, and the bars are so formed
and placed on their axes f, that when not supported from below, they will fall
down; hence the conical rollers are so placed in all parts but one of the circle
described or moved over by the fire bars that the fire bars will be supported,
and that one place is just beyond the stop j, where the fire bars leave the
furnace, and then the conical rollers are so placed that the fallen bars will, be
successively raised before going under the hopper to receive a charge of fuel
thereon. h, h, are the series of grates, which, being combined, make up the
circle of fire bars. Separate views of the fire bars which I prefer to use are
shown, by which their construction will readily be traced; but I do not confine
myself thereto. i, i, shows the open space made in front of the furnace, through
which the fire bars move after coming out of the furnace and boiler, and
before again entering the furnace, so that the portion of the circular grate of

page_text: fire bars, which is between the parts i, i, will be out of the furnace, and-will
there be cleansed, and have fresh fuel applied thereon, as the bars enter the
furnace. is a slide, lined with fire brick, at the right hand side of the space,
in front of the furnace; this slide I call the stop, because it prevents the fuel
on the fire bars passing beyond that slide or stop j; and k is another slide
(lined with fire brick), at the left hand side of the space, in front of the boiler.
This slide is kept lowered to such a position as to guage the depth of fuel
allowed to pass between it and the upper surface of the fire bars. The plates
I, I, form a hopper, kept charged by preference with small coal (there being
more saving when using small coal, the cost thereof being less), so that as the
fire bars pass under the lower part thereof, which is open, the fuel falls
thereon, and the slide or door k prevents more fuel going in on the bars than
the space between the lower edge of the slide and the upper surface of the
fire bars, which can be regulated at pleasure by keeping the slide k at any
desired height above the fire bars. The flue of the boiler shown rises from
the furnace just at the end where the bars leave the furnace, and the flue then
passes partly round and rises into another flue, and which also passes partly
round, and then enters the funnel or chimney, as is shown; m, n, o, are five
doors into the flues, in order to get readily into the flues to cleanse or repair
the same; p is a door at the front of the hopper, as is shown..
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed; I would remark that I am aware that
rotatory horizontal grates of fire bars have before been used in furnaces, but
in such cases the whole surfaces of the fire bars were constantly in the furnaces,
and there were no parts thereof, as in the present case, constantly coming out
of the furnaces and again passing into the furnaces, in the manner herein
described. I do not, therefore, claim the use of horizontal rotatory circular
grates generally, nor do I confine myself to the precise details here shown and
described; but what I claim is the mode of constructing furnaces with rotatory
horizontal circular grates of fire bars, where some parts of the fire bars as the
grates revolve are continually passing out of the furnaces (leaving the ignited
fuel within the furnaces, and where parts of the fire bars are constantly entering
the furnaces charged with fresh fuel, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Juckes, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of March, One thousand eight
hundred and forty-three.
JNO. (L.S.) JUCKES.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-second day of March, in
the year of our Lord 1843, the aforesaid John Juckes came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowedged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Twenty-second day of March, in the year of our Lord, One
thousand eight hundred and forty-three.