Incandescence Lamp for Liquid Fuel.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Apr., 1897-Accepted, 10th July,
1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Incandescence Lamp for Liquid Fuel.
I, OSKAR HELFFT, Factory Director, of 100 Markgrafenstrasse, Berlin, in the
Empire of Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The present invention relates to an incandescence lamp for liquid fuel, con-
structed in such a manner that the fuel container is arranged over the reflector
and the gas conducting pipe over the lamp chimney, so that the gases from the
flame enable the vaporisation to be maintained without a special heating flame.
The invention is shown on the accompanying drawing. Fig. 1 represents a
vertical section and Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are sections through the special cock used with
the lamp.
and
The ring shaped fuel container a surrounding the top part of the lamp is filled
through the stopper and communicates on one hand with the lower, also ring
shaped, intermediate container d, and on the other hand, by means of the tube e
with the heating cup f. The latter is also ring shaped and is attached to the
inside of the draught tube h rising upwards from the lamp chimney
encircling the upper edge thereof. The tube his provided with air holes h¹ and h
and carries at its upper end the gas dome i, which is placed somewhat above the
level of the container a, and the cover of which is made detachable for cleaning
purposes whilst it can be fastened down by means of a saddle and clamping
screw 2111
From the dome i two gas conducting pipes k k lead downwards into a small
collecting basin / above which rises centrally an ordinary incandescent gas
burner m. In the basin a little asbestos wool is laid and covered by a perforated
plate 1.
The dome is also connected by means of two three or more thin tubes n with
the intermediate container d. The tubes k and are preferably made of copper,
and their upper ends lie within the air tube h which they enter above the heating
cup f. The upper part of the lamp is surrounded by the protecting mantle o with
the conical addition p, the air holes o¹ and p¹ are interposed between each other.
The containers and d surround the protecting mantle o on the outside and remain
therefore comparatively cool.
The ignition and extinction of the lamp is effected by means of the cock q
which can be opened and closed by means of the lever arm carrying chains, the
flow both through the tube and also through the tube e being at the same time
regulated. The back part of the axially rotatable cock plug is bored with the
cross holes which according to its position opens the connection between a and d
(Fig. 1) or closes the same (Fig. 2). The front portion of the cock plug is provided
with the cylindrical boring and the borings and set at an angle of 90° to
each other. At this part the cock chamber carries the inner surface channel u
and the bore u' communicating therewith. To the latter a small air tube vis
joined which passes through the container a and opens into the atmosphere just
above.

page_text: If the cock is closed (Fig. 2) a communicates through t" and t, consequently the
boring in the plug is filled with a quantity of fuel corresponding to its space,
whereby the air contained therein is displaced through u₁ and v into the
atmosphere. If the cock is opened (Figures 1, 3 and 4) a is closed against t
whilst is connected to f through tl and e; consequently a measured amount
of fuel, kept in readiness, flows at each closing of the cock into the heating cup f.
At the same time a enters into communication with dthroughs and c, and the
fuel rises in the vaporising tubes n up to the level of the fuel in the main
container a.
The ignition of the lamp is effected by means of a taper by lighting the fuel in
the heating cup f. For this purpose the igniting funnel w with the closing flap w¹
held by the loaded lever r, is arranged in any known manner. By means of the
flame in the heating cup the fuel contained in the thin tubes nnis vaporized.
The gases flow into the dome i and out of this through the tubes kk into the
burner m and the chimney g, they are ignited by the heating flame at f and thus
bring the incandescence body to incandescence. The plug boring and thereby
the quantity of fuel for the heating cup is so chosen that the flame from the latter
is extinguished immediately after the ignition of the burner. From this moment
the lamp supplies itself with its own gas requirements since the escaping products
of combustion from the principal flame vaporise the fuel constantly flowing in
the tubes n and at the same time heat the gas conducting pipes which lie partially
under their influence thus superheating the vapours drawn along and producing
the pressure necessary for the steady quiet and intense burning of the flame.
In this lamp the following arrangements are of importance.
The small vaporising tubes n lead the fuel in thin columns with large vaporising
surfaces in immediate proximity to the escaping products of combustion;
consequently a quick and complete vaporization of the fuel takes place.
The container d arranged outside the reach of the heat, and therefore kept cool,
acts as pressure regulator and as condenser for any returning vapours. It prevents
the inlet of gas to the main container a, whereby otherwise a momentary inter-
ruption would take place in the supply of the fuel and a jump occur in the flame.
This. container d is therefore of special importance for the perfect working of the
lamp.
The draught tube h which forms an immediate continuation of the lamp
chimney and surrounds the upper part of the vaporising and conducting
tubes n and k, serves to draw away the gases given off, concentrate's the heat also
and thereby attains an advantageous heating effect.
The small basin 7 serves as a separating chamber for the gases flowing into the
burner m and at the same time, by means of the asbestos wool or the like laid
therein, to absorb the condensation produced in the tubes k on the extinction of the
flame, which in the subsequent working is again vaporised without however
spluttering from this basin to the burner and thus producing unpleasant
disturbances.
The combination lamp cock q presents, finally, the advantage that with a single
turn the heating cun f is filled and the fuel conductor opened to the small vaporis-
ing tubes n, on the extinction of the lamp also a single movement closes the fuel
conductor and at the same time places a measured quantity of fuel for the heating
cup in readiness for the next burning period.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. An incandescence lamp for liquid fuel, in which the fuel is led from the
raised fuel container (a) at a certain pressure downwards and then into a number
of small thin vaporising tubes (n) which latter lead upwards into a gas dome (2)
situated centrally above the fuel container (a) and thus expose a large vaporising
surface to the escaping products of combustion.

page_text: 2. With the incandescence lamp according to Claim 1 the use of a container (d)
of ring shape encircling the upper part of the lamp, which container connects the
vaporising tubes (n) with the common supply tube (c) of the principal container (a)
and serves as pressure regulator, condenser and receiver for any returning vapours
or gases.
3. With the incandescence lamp according to Claim 1 the use, for the purpose
of increasing the heating effect, of a draught tube (h) which rises directly above the
lamp chimney (g) and surrounds the upper part of the small vaporising tubes (n)
as also the conducting tube (k) leading from the gas dome (i) to the lamp
burner (m).
4. With the incandescence lamp according to Claim 1 the use of a chamber (7)
partly filled with asbestos wool or other porous material which chamber is fitted at
the inlet end of the lamp burner (m) and absorbs, on the extinction of the lamp,
any condensation from the conductor tube (k), which can be again vaporised
when the lamp is next burning.
5. With the incandescence lamp according to Claim 1 the use of an igniting
arrangement consisting of a heating cup (f) fitted underneath the vaporising
tubes (n) which is connected by a supply tube (e) to the fuel container (a) and on
opening a cock (9) with a bored plug (f) receives a measured quantity of fuel
corresponding to the contents thereof, this filling cock for the heating cup forming
the ordinary cock supplying and cutting off supply to the feed pipe of the vaporising
tubes (n).
6. The arrangement and construction of an incandescence lamp for liquid fuel
substantially as described and shown.
1 100%
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE.
40 Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.