Improvements in or Additions to Gas and Vapour Engines or Motors.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 21st Oct., 1892-Accepted, 26th Nov., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Additions to Gas and Vapour Engines or
Motors.
We, JOHN BOULTBEE BROOKS of Great Charles Street, in the City of
Birmingham Manufacturer, and JOHN HOLT also of Great Charles Street,
Birmingham aforesaid, Manager of Works, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to detail improvements in the water jacket parts of gas
and vapour engines, for preventing the cylinders of the same from becoming over-
heated, on the working of the same.
The water contained or enclosed between the jacket and cylinder of ordinary
gas engines, circulates only by the increase of the temperature of the same.
Thus, as the water becomes heated, so the same rises to a higher level, and is
from thence conveyed through a pipe to a cooler or vessel, whose lower part is in
communication with the bottom part of the jacket, hence a circulation performed
by the absorbtion of heat by the water from the cylinder.
This means of circulation is imperfect, inasmuch as portions of the cylinder
remain heated, whilst other portions are cooler, which gives an unequal expansion
and contraction thereto, and allows the packing rings surrounding the piston,
working to and fro within the said cylinder to become loose, or inefficient in their
action, hence the allowing of the escape of the gaseous mixtures employed as a
motive power for propelling the engine or motor.
Our invention, has for its object, the production of a better circulation, hence
the imparting of a uniform and reduced temperature, without overheating to the
cylinder.
Our invention consists in employing an artificial circulator in connection with
the said water jacket.
The said water jacket which is made to surround the cylinder has inlet and
outlet pipes, the former connected with the underside or bottom part of the jacket
and the other directed from the top of the same.
These pipes are in communication with a cooling tank, wherethrough the water
employed for circulating within the said jacket is passed, and its temperature
reduced.
We provide the outlet pipe with an helix, Archemedian screw, or vane, whose
axis is directed in the same axial line as the pipe, or connection wherein it works,
and which axis may have a bevel wheel upon one end, which gears with a like
wheel on the end of a driving spindle, and has at its other end which passes through
a stuffing box, or gland a pulley by which the same is driven.
The rotation of the driving spindle, communicates motion to the helix, screw or
vane, which lifts or raises the water within the connection, and forces the same
through the pipe leading to the cooler tank, hence the displacement and rising of
the water in the jacket, and the creation of an artificial circulation around the
cylinder, which is kept cool and at an even temperature thereby.
Instead of the artificial circulating means being disposed at the outlet to the
water jacket, they may be disposed at the inlet, in which case, cold water is forced
into the interior of the jacket, instead of being withdrawn therefrom.
Instead of employing a helix, vane or such expedient as a means of creating an
artificial circulation, we may employ a pump, whose piston or plunger is impelled
or propelled by a crank or equivalent at the inner end of the circulation driving
anindla

page_text: The circulation may be regulated, or the same accelerated, by speeding the
driving spindle to any desired degree.
Dated this 21st day of January 1891.
JOHN BOULTBEE BROOKS,
JOHN HOLT,
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Additions to Gas and Vapour Engines or
Motors.
We,. JOHN BOULTBEE BROOKS of Great Charles Street, in the City of
Birmingham Manufacturer, and JOHN HOLT, also of Great Charles Street
Birmingham aforesaid, Manager of Works, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to a system of water circulation, in connection with the
water jackets of gas and vapour engines, and has for its object the keeping of the
cylinders of the said engines cool and preventing the undue heating of the same
during their working.
Our invention consists primarily in employing a mechanical circulator or artificial
circulator in connection with the said water jackets.
A water jacket, which is made to surround the cylinder, has inlet and outlet
pipes, the former connected with the underside or bottom part of the jacket, and
the other directed from, or at the top of the same.
The pipes are in communication with a cooling tank or tanks wherethrough the
water employed as the circulating medium for the keeping of cylinder of the engine
cool, actively passes.
We provide the return pipe or pipes with a centrifugal or other pump, helix,
Archemedian screw, vane or the like.
The rotation of the mechanical forcing expedient, forces the water before it,
preferably disposed at an elevation relative to the supply or feed pipe, so that the.
water of the system returns to a given level, by gravitation, hence the keeping of
cylinder cool, by the circulation and cooling of the water in circuit.
Instead of the mechanical circulating means being disposed at the return pipe to
a cooling tank, or like expedient it may be disposed at the supply pipe or pipes to
the jacket, so that cold water is forced around the cylinder instead of water rising.
therethrough.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, represents partly in topside plan, and
partly in horizontal section, a gas-engine cooling-water circulating system, con-
structed arranged and provided according to one form of my invention.
The cooling medium in circuit is propelled by physical force or power, in the
form of a mechanical expedient, located between the water jacket of the gas-engine
cylinder, and the water receiving tank.
Figure 2 represents a front elevation, partly in vertical section, of the said
circulating system, showing the water jacket surrounding the cylinder, in section,
and how the mechanical device or instrument for the mechanical propulsion, is.
situated approximately on the same level as the return pipes, so that the greatest
mechanical advantage is thereby obtained, consequent upon no lifting being required,
but only rearward forcing.
Figure 3 represents the mechanical propeller, which consists of a centrifugal
pump, in section upon an enlarged scale. The said view also shows a part of the
receiving tank, which first receives the medium in circulation, and wherein the same
cools down, prior to its transmission to the feed tank, and from thence at a lower

page_text: level, to the inlet directed into the lower part of the jacket, by gravity alone, whilst
the right hand side shows a top side plan of the water jacket of the cylinder, and
the fore part of the return pipe.
Figure 4 represents a vertical section of the centrifugal pump upon the dotted
lines A, B, Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a vertical section of a further system of mechanical circulation.
a is a gas engine cylinder, surrounded by a jacket or hollow casing b, b, which
is in common with both the cylinder proper of the gas engine, and the ignition
chamber c, thereof.
d is a feed or supply pipe, connected at its forward end d³, to the underside ³, of
the casing part b1, by an upright pipe d³. The other and back end d', of the
supply or feed pipe d, is in communication with the lower part of the supply
or feed tank e, and which feed pipe is at such a level that water from the said feed
tank is fed to the jacket, and there made to circulate around the same, and into the
fore part of the return pipes by gravity.
fis a return tank being in communication with the feed or supply tank, by a
passage, leading into an open ended and upright cylinder f³, for the purpose of
taking the lower and coolest:water from the return tank.
In communication with the space, between the water jacket and outside
of cylinder, is a fore part return pipe 9, leading to a centrifugal pump h, which is
in communication with a rear return pipe 9', leading to the upper part of the
return tank f.
Thus, by the rotation of the vanes or blades of the centrifugal pump, which is
about on the same level as the height of the return pipes, and at an elevation to which
the liquid rises by gravitation, water is forced through the return pipe g', into the
tank, and there is allowed to cool, and by its weight, gravitates, when above a
given level, and flows by its weight, first up the open ended cylinder f³, thence
through the pipe connection 2, into the feed or supply tank e, and from thence
through the delivery or feed pipe d, to the lower part of the water space within
the jacket encircling the cylinder, then rising and circulating around the cylinder,
up and along the pipe g, into the interior of the centrifugal pump h, and is thence
forced as before described, through the circuit pipes.
In the pump h; is the casing made in halves, the middle part thereof,
the outward water race, h the inlet, h' the spindle carrying the vanes or
blades h, and body h', and with the said spindle working within bearings directed
through necks h³, h³, in the outer casing. One end of the said spindle carries a
bevel wheel, intergearing with a second wheel j, at one end of a spindle j', of a
pulley, and which spindle works within the bearing k³, of a swivelling bracket k,
which turns about the neck h³, at the centre, so as to admit of the pulley being
placed in any position relative to the source of power for the driving of the pump
or water fan.
In the arrangement Figure 5, a is the gas engine cylinder, & the jacket or casing,
having a circumferential space between it and the cylinder, as in the first described
arrangement. d is a feed or delivery pipe, having connection at one end, with the
lower part of the feed pipe e, and at the other end with the jacket of the cylinder,
which is horizontal. 9, 9, is a return pipe, having a mechanical forcing expedient h,
working within a casing disposed between the said fore and aft parts g, g'.
The said mechanical forcing expedient consists of blades, mounted upon a spindle,
working within water-tight bearings.
Instead of employing double tanks, we may employ a single tank, or instead of
tanks, we may employ circulating pipes with or without coils for air cooling.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
First Creating artifical circulating or activity of water within and through
the interior spaces of water jackets of gas and vapour engines, by or through the

page_text: instrumentality and conjoint action of mechanical and physical force and gravita-
tion, substantially as, and for the purpose, as described and set forth.
Secondly-Disposing within the return circuit of gravitating systems of water
circulation, a centrifugal pump, water blower, vane or liquid forcing expedient.
Thirdly-In keeping the cylinders of water-jacketed gas or vapour engines
cool, by the circulating means in conjunction with a centrifugal pump or other like
forcing expedient, as set forth.
Fourthly In the mechanical or physical forcing expedient, the construction
and arrangement of the pulley carrying arm, as set forth in Figure 4.
Dated this 20th day of October 1892.
JOHN BOULTBEE BROOKS,
JOHN HOLT,
By Henry Skerrett,
6, Livery Street, Birmingham, Agent for Applicants.