IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Tomlinson Bousfield, of Loughborough Park,
Brixton, in tho County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS."
A communication from abroad by Hayward Harvey, residing at New
York, United States of America.
Sealed the 8th August 1864, and dated the 13th May 1864.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Tomlinson Bousfield
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 18th May 1864, pursuant to the 9th Section of the
Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, BE IT
KNOWN, that I, GEORGE TOMLINSON BOUSFIELD, of Loughborough Park,
Brixton, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS," (a communication to me from abroad by Hayward
Harvey, a person resident at New York, United States of America,) and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon,
that is to say:
The nature of the first part of the Invention consists of improved
machinery for arranging, distributing, and forwarding screw blanks to one or
A

page_text: more machines for operating thereon, and under this head of the Invention
three modes of performing these operations are described.
The first mode is by means of a pan, whose bottom is provided with slots,
into which blanks are swept by a brush, so as to hang in rows, from which
rows they are received by a distributor, and conveyed to forwarders or for-
warding ways, which transport the blanks to one or several machines. This
first mode is illustrated on Sheet First of the Drawings, in which Figure First
is a plan or top view of an apparatus constructed according to the principles
of the Invention; Figure Second is a plan of those parts below the pan and
brushes, these being removed; Figure Third is an elevation of the apparatus ;
and Figure Fourth is a vertical section taken on the line X, X, of Figure
Second.
The pan and sweeps constitute the arranging apparatus, and the receiving
and distributing contrivance combines the arranging apparatus with a series of
ways, which constitute the forwarding contrivance.
In the Drawings a frame is shown at a, a, a, which sustains all parts of the
machine, and on top of the frame is supported a pan b, b, circular in its form,
and provided with a flange or rim c, c, which is the side of the pan. The
bottom of the pan bas in it slots d, d, wide enough to receive the body of a
screw blank, and chamfered on the upper side so as to contain a part of the
head thereof, and from the points e, e, in these slots towards the centre of the
pan the chamfers are widened and deepened, so that the whole of a screw
blank head can lie in the chamfer below the upper surface of the bottom of
the pan. About the centre of the pan the bottom rises as at f, f, and below
this rising part the bottom forms a cylindrical cavity, and the slots extend
into this cavity, so that a screw blank can be pushed along a slot from the
outside of the pan under the rising part of the bottom until it drops out.
Up through the centre of the pan rises a shaft h, properly supported, having
upon it a bevel wheel h³, which is driven by a bevel pinion h³, carried by a
shaft h³, which may be revolved in any convenient manner. Attached to the
top of this shaft are a set of arms k, k, and to these arms are secured bristles
or wires, or some elastic equivalent therefor, as at k¹, e, in such wise that
the bristles sweep over the bottom of the pan. These sweeps are so formed
that their revolution tends to sweep blanks inwards from the periphery of the
pan towards the centre. If the rise ff, were removed, unarranged blanks
would roll out through the centre of the pan, its office therefore is to prevent
this, and provided it does so its shape is immaterial. The chamfer of the
slots is increased towards the centre of the pan, so that blanks lying in the
pan may roll freely over those already hung by their heads in that part of

page_text: the slots where the chamfer is increased, and the slots d, d, may be made
without the enlargement of the chamfer described, but they should extend
over the bottom of the pan to the place of delivery of the arranged blanks
and be so formed as to support screw blanks by their heads, and permit them
to traverse to the point of delivery. The operation of this part of the
apparatus is as follows:-When motion is given to the sweeps, screw blanks
are to be thrown by hand or otherwise into the pan, and as the sweeps
revolve they roll them over until they are deposited in the slots, such blanks
as do not enter are swept up on the rise f, f, and roll down again into the
lower part of the pan. Those blanks which do enter the slots are hung by
their heads, arranged in rows, with their heads rising a little above the
bottom, and the sweeps acting on the heads force the blanks towards the
centre, where they pass under the rise f, f, and finally drop out, and would,
if this were the whole contrivance, lose their arrangement. In order to
prevent this, there is located in the cylinder a receiving and distributing
apparatus, which consists of a slotted piece l, which is attached to a disk 11,
mounted on a cannon shaft 12. The slot in this piece is of such width as to
receive blanks, and so constructed as to hold them hung by their heads, and
has secured to it another disk , which is of the same diameter as the
cylindrical cavity or nearly so. The cannon shaft has secured upon it a
ratchet wheel, which may be revolved with an intermittent motion by
means of an impelling pawl m, mounted on a slide m³, and held in contact
with the ratchet wheel by a spring m³, which is secured to a holding pawl or
dog m³. The slide moves in proper bearings, and has projecting from its
lower side a pin m, which is embraced by a cam groove n, formed in a cam
n', mounted on a shaft n, which carries a cog wheel n³ that is driven by a
pin n on the shaft h³. When h³ is revolved, an interrupted rotary motion
will be imparted to the slotted piece l, and to impart this motion is the whole
use of the contrivance, for which any other proper train of movements may be
substituted. The parts are so proportioned that the slot stops for a time in
line with, and so as to make a continuation of, one of the slots in the pan, and
while it stops it will receive a load of screw blanks, they being forced into it
by the action of the sweeps and by gravity, the slot then rotates to the next
pan slot in succession, and rests again, and while resting receives another
load, and so on in succession, and while the slot is in line with and making a
continuation of one of the pan slots, the open ends of the other pan slots are
closed by the disk l, so that no screw blanks can fall out of the pan until the
receiving and distributing apparatus is in position to receive them. The
ratchet wheel should be affixed to the shaft by a friction screw, so that the

page_text: wheel may slip in the event of a blank catching half way in the slot of
the distributor; or in lieu of this, the end of the impelling paul should be so
bevilled that it may slip off the ratchet teeth in case the distributor jams or
sticks fast. A ring o secured to the frame surrounds the hollow shaft, and
from the inside of this ring lead a series of slots o¹, o¹, which are continued
through ways p, p. These ways lead to nicking, shaving, or screw threading
machinery, or machines for acting on blanks of any kind arranged in the pan,
it being the intention to locate, at the end of each, proper contrivances for
feeding the blanks one by one into the various machines. And it is usually
intended to arrange these machines in a circle around the pan, although the
ways may be curved and the machines arranged in any other manner.
When screw blanks are lodged in the slot l, they are prevented from falling
out of it by the ring or curb o, but when the slot is so turned that the
slots o¹ are in line with it, then the screw blanks are delivered by the slot
into the ways leading to the various machines. As it is sometimes necessary
to prevent blanks passing to some one machine, gates or shutters q are
arranged in the forwarding ways; these gates are pieces of metal hinged
upon the ways, and provided with a tongue to enter and close the slots.
When these gates are raised, screw blanks pass under them; when shut
down they arrest the row above them, and the distributing contrivance passes
the top of the ways, where the gate is shut, without introducing blanks,
because the row of blanks in the delivering contrivance is held back by the
blanks above the gate. A wedge, slide pin, or similar contrivance may be
substituted for the hinged gates described. The arrangement of the apparatus
thus described is intended at times to be altered without changing its mode
of operation, for instance, it is intended to close the slots at the centre of the
pan, and to extend them under the rim c, and to widen and deepen the
chamfer of the slots towards the periphery of the pan, instead of towards
the centre as heretofore described. When the slots are thus constructed
the brushes are to be less curved than represented in the Drawings, and to be
revolved in a reverse direction to that indicated by the arrow thereon. They
will then roll over and sweep the blanks into the slots, and force the arranged
blanks towards the periphery of the pan, where they may be received by an
inclined slotted piece revolving by an intermittent motion around the rim of
the pan, the slot stopping in line with forwarding ways extending radially
from the periphery of the pan, with space between their upper ends, and the
rim for the slotted piece to move. The slotted piece is to be attached to a
ring surrounding the rim c, and this ring will perform the duty of the disk
before described, and prevent the escape of arranged blanks, except into the

page_text: slotted distributor. When the brushes and slots are thus arranged the
apparatus will act efficiently to arrange and forward blanks without a dis-
tributor, as in that case the slotted distributor and the ring may be removed,
and the slots in the forwarding ways may abut against the slots in the pan at
the point where they coincide with the periphery of its rim.
The second mode of arranging, distributing, and forwarding screw blanks
is illustrated on Sheets Second and Third of the Drawings, and in this mode
the pan is inclined and provided with slots in which the blanks arrange them-
selves by gravity, those which are not arranged while sliding down its bottom
being beaten back by a brush or beater, so that they may roll down again and
have another opportunity to arrange themselves. The distributor in this
apparatus oscillates and delivers arranged blanks to forwarding ways by a
mode of operation similar to that heretofore described.
In tho Drawing, Sheets Second and Third, Figure 1' is a top view or plan
of the whole apparatus; Figure 2 is a side elevation thereof; Figure 3 is a
sido elevation in detail of the distributor and the mechanism which imparts
motion to it; Figure 4 is a plan thereof; when its upper surface is placed
horizontally; Figure 5th is a section on the line X, X, of Figure 2nd; Figure
6th is an elevation of a contrivance for imparting a reciproating motion to the
sweep; and Figure 7th is an elevation of a modified construction of the same.
In the apparatus illustrated by these Figures the pan which is the arranger
is a trough-shaped receptacle having a bottom composed of slats or ribs with
slots between in which columns of screw blanks can hang, the bottom of the
pan being inclined, and the arrangement of the screws being aided by a sweep
rotating or oscillating on a horizontal axis. The bed plate of the apparatus
is shown at a, a, from which project two sets of standards b, b, 61, 61; to the
batter standards b' a frame c is pivotted, and about the centre of the frame
two horns or lugs c', c', are attached which bend inwards and descend between
the standards b, b'; these standards are slotted as at d, and clamping screws
d', d', project through the slots into the lug, the whole arrangement being
such that the frame can be set and maintained at such angles of inclination
with the horizon as may make the machine work most efficiently. The frame
itself is secured to the lugs by screws d³ which pass through slots d', d², and
thus the frame and pan or hopper next to be described may be adjusted with
reference to the lugs. The pan or hopper e, e, is mounted upon the frame; it is
an oblong box or trough-shaped receptacle with a bottom' composed of slats or
ribs having spaces between them a little greater in width than the diameter of
the blanks to be arranged, the upper edges of the slats being bevelled so that the.
heads of tho screw blanks may drop below the upper surface of the ribs. The

page_text: lower end of the hopper is closed by a brush or beater j,j, made of bristles,
wire, or similar material, and mounted on a shaft supported by the lugs, so that
it can be revolved or oscillated with the ends of the bristles in contact with
the upper surface of the ribs or nearly so, and the precise position of the sweep
with reference to the upper surface of the ribs is determined by adjustment
of the screws ds, d³. The ribs extend under the brush, and their ends are so
formed and arranged that they may be all touched by a circular disk. The
brush is covered in part by a guard f', a thin plate of metal g lies above the
ribs and under the brush and projects out sideways as at g', another piece g³
rises from the piece 9 and abuts against the side of the receptacle. The precise
shape of the bottom of the receptacle is unimportant, and the slots between
the ribs may be curved instead of straight, and inclined to each other instead
of parallel. The operation of this part of the contrivance is as follows:-A
mass of screw blanks is deposited in the pan either by hand or machinery, and
many of them will, owing to the shape of the top of the ribs and their inclina-
tion, arrange themselves, hanging by their heads; those that do not arrango
themselves will be beat upwards and rolled over by the brush and have other
chances of dropping between the ribs. Those which by an accident pass the
brush or beater without being arranged will ride on top of the plate g, strike
against the plate g³, and will slide or roll out of the machine at g', being thus
discharged and prevented from obstructing the operation of the distributing
disk. The guard f¹ will prevent blanks that may adhere to the brush from being
carried upwards and the same guard will prevent blanks from being dropped
on top of the brush. Those blanks which are arranged pass down in column
between the ribs under the discharging plate g and are arrested by the disk
h, presently to be described. The brush or sweep may have an oscillating
instead of a continuous rotary motion, and the blanks are more rapidly arranged
when the brush oscillates. A convenient way of effecting this motion is shown
in Figure 6, where the brush is mounted on a sleeve upon its shaft, and has
attached to it an arm z which by means of a link ¹ is connected to a lever 2³,
which is reciprocated by a link 23 receiving motion from a crank mounted
on the brush shaft. As the shaft revolves the brush will reciprocate, and in
order to prevent unequal wear the arm z may be attached to the brush or its
sleeve set screws so as to be able to change its angular position with respect
to the brush, and thus bring at will different parts of the brush into action.
A sweep or brush with rows of bristles separated by spaces, as shown in Figure
7, may be employed, and such a brush when rotated has much the same effect
as an oscillating brush. The disk h is mounted on a shaft h', on the lower end
of which is secured a pulley h², which is embraced by an india-rubber band h³,

page_text: one end of which is fastened to the pulley, and the other end to the lower
side of the frame c, the tendency of the spring being to turn the disk in the
direction of the arrow thereon, and any kind of spring or weight serving the
same purpose may be substituted therefor. Upon the frame is secured by
clasps i, i, a slide i', from which projects a pin j which is embraced by a con-
necting rod j; the end of this rod is slotted (see Figure 2nd) and a pin
projecting from a cog wheel k', which engages with a pinion 2 on the sweep or
brush shaft, enters the slot. When the wheels are revolved the pink causes
the slide to vibrate, and the extent of vibration may be adjusted by a screw k*.
A booked impelling pawl Z is mounted upon the slide, being pivotted in a fork
whose shank is free to turn in the slide so that the pawl can move to and froni
the disk and also upwards and downwards; a spring fastened to the slide
and to the pawl tends to force the hooked end upwards and against the disk.
A continuation of the disk has ratchet recesses m, m, cut in it, which are all,
except the last, closed at top by a cam-shaped fillet or projection m', but the
last recess extends up above the cam. A horn » projects from the continuation
of the disk beyond the last recess, and a cam o projects downwards from the
disk outside of the piece m'. These recesses are equal in number to the
spaces between the ribs, and the other side of the disk similar recesses p, p,
are cut, all covered at top by the fillet m¹ except the last, which is partially
covered. A holding pawl q mounted in the frame itself, and with a fork and
spring like those pertaining to the impelling pawl, acts in these recesses and
has lying above it a cam o¹ projecting downwards and in all respects like the
cam o. The disk itself has cut through it a slot a capable of receiving a column
of screw blanks and holding them by their heads.
The operation of all these parts is as follows: As the slide reciprocates
it carries with it the impelling pawl which catches into the recesses in
succession, and turns the distributor or distributing disk step by step, with
a pause when the slot is opposite each space between the ribs, and when
the slot is in that position it is held there by the pawl q, and while thus turned
the disk has rotated in a direction contrary to the arrow. thereon winding
up the belt spring h. When the hooked impelling pawl arrives at the last
recess, or that next the horn n, the spring throws it up level with the
fillet m' into the position shewn by red lines in Figure 3rd, and as the
hook moves to turn the disk the horn throws it out of the recess. Just
at this time the spring on the holding pawl q throws it up out of the
recess to a level with the cam or fillet m¹ and the disk is thrown rapidly
round in the direction of the arrow by its belt spring, both pawls riding on
the cam m until they are struck by the cams o, o', which, acting upon the

page_text: tops of the pawls, force them down again so that they again enter the recesses
below the cam m¹. The oscillation of the disk by the force of the spring is
arrested by the horn n bringing up against a stop n¹ attached to the frame,
and the slot in the disk is then opposite the space between the ribs nearest
the
cog
wheels. The next rotation of the wheel moves the slot to the next
rib space, and so on in succession till all are visited by the slot; then the disk
is again rotated by the spring back to the bringing-up place, and while so
rotating it passes the spaces so rapidly that no blanks enter the slot. At
every alternate position of the slot it is in line both with a space between the
ribs and a space in the forwarding ways, hereafter described, and thus dis-
tributes the blanks. The pawls, ratchets, fillets, spring, cam, etc. are used
solely for the purpose of imparting an interrupted oscillating motion to the
distributing disk, and other modes of imparting an interrupted oscillating
motion may be substituted therefor. It is also intended to substitute in place
of a slotted disk oscillating about an axis a slotted slide properly supported,
and so moved as to cause the slot therein to visit the various slots in the
pan,
to receive blanks, and also to pause with its slot opposite and in line with the
slots in the forwarding ways. This slide operates substantially as the oscil-
lating one, and should be used in connection with ways which are at their
upper ends in line with or parallel to the slots in the pan, and then curve as
they incline downwards. A series of inclined forwarding ways y, y, constructed
as such ways usually are, abut against the lower edge of the disk; these ways
are mounted upon the same frame as the hopper and disk, and their lower
ends are to abut against and be in line with stationary continuations, being
inclined ways leading to machines in which some useful operations are to be
performed upon the blanks, and these ways, including their continuations, are
called forwarding ways. Each of these ways is provided with a swinging
gate or shutter, as at "," so constructed, as clearly shown in the Drawings,
as either to close the entrance to the ways or to permit blanks to be dis-
tributed into them. When columns of blanks are arranged in the receptacle
they slide down by gravity and abut against and are stopped by the disk when
the slot in the disk arrives opposite the space between two ribs, the blanks
therein are received by the slot in the disk when the slot comes opposite any
one of the ways, so that the slot in them makes a continuation of the slot in
the disk; then the blanks contained in the disk slide into the forwarding
way that is in line with it, being distributed by the disk into the various
ways. The oscillating disk, slotted as described, is therefore a receiving and
distributing contrivance, and the slot may be covered by a cap a³ to prevent
blanks being thrown out by the jars to which the disk is subjected when it is

page_text: stopped or started suddenly; and it is preferred to make the spring h³ a
strong one, and to cause the impelling pawl to act by a blow, as the jars
thus imposed on the disk will be felt by the machine and aid it in performing
its operations. The arranger, composed of the beater and pan, may be used
without a distributor, and the forwarding ways are then to abut directly
against the end of the bottom of the hopper, so that the channel ways between
the ribs and in the ways are continuous, and in that case the ways should be
curved or bent so as to forward blanks to the varions machines. The ways,
moreover, may be greater in number than the channels in the hopper, as the
quantity of screws that the arranger will arrange is more than sufficient to
supply as many machines as there are channels or slots in the pan. In this
latter case the distributor is to be shaped like two segments, one of a large
and the other of a smaller circle, joined at their centre, the periphery of the
larger segment working against the upper ends of the ways, and the motions
of the distributor are to be so modified that it stops. at the upper end of each
one of the forwarding ways.
The third mode of arranging screw blanks and forwarding them to various
machines is illustrated on Sheet Fourth of the Drawings. In this mode the
arrangement of the blanks is effected by slotted arrangers vibrating in a pan in
vertical planes, or nearly so, which arrangers also convey the arranged blanks
to forwarding ways. In these Drawings no distributor is shown, but a method
of applying one to the arrangers and forwarding ways will be described.
In the Drawings Figure First is a plan or top view of the apparatus ;
Figure Second is an elevation of the same; and Figure Third is a vertical
central section through it. In the form in which the apparatus is represented
in the Drawings, the hopper a, a, a, is a circular pan, with a cylindrical boss
in the centro as at 6, and it is preferred to make a series of radial ridges in
the bottom of the pan, so that the bottom slopes from both sides towards the
slots in the bottom, through which vibrate the arrangers c, c, c, c. These
arrangers are pieces of metal with long slots in the top, capable of receiving
the body of a screw blank and supporting it by its head, and they are open
at the end nearest to the outside of the hopper. They are pivotted at
d, d, and when in their lowest position have the tops of their slots on a level
with the bottom of the hopper, or nearly so. Attached to these arrangers, or
making part therewith, aro projections e, e, which vibrate in slots in the
central boss, and serve to guide and steady the arrangers, but both the boss
and the projections may be dispensed with. A rod fis supported in the
framework of the machine in such manner as to be free to slide up and down,

page_text: and it may be moved by a lever as shewn in the Drawings, or by a cam wheel,
crank, or other suitable contrivance. This rod is forked at the upper end,
and each of the prongs is connected to one of the arrangers by a pin which
enters the slot in the latter, the construction being such that all the arrangers
shall vibrate up and down with each vibration of the rod. This rod may be
on the top instead of below, and connected to the upper sides of the arrangers
or the projections making part thereof. The red lines in Figure 3rd, shew
the arrangers in their highest position.
A series of inclined forwarding ways, the upper ends of which are repre-
sented at g, g, are to be attached to the hopper, or so sustained that they will
form a continuation of the slots in the arrangers, and these ways are to be
extended in straight or curved lines to the various machines that operate on
the blanks.
The slots in the arrangers may be bevelled at top so as to contain the head
of a blank, as represented in the Drawings, in order that the blanks may slide
therein without interference from blanks that may rest on the top of the
arrangers, and as a precaution against jamming of the machine, and con-
sequent breakage, it is intended to unite the arrangers to the rod by spring
connections such as a V-spring, rivetted at one end to the rod, and at the
other sustaining the pivot which enters the slot in the arranger. As a further
precaution a slide of thin metal, lying in close contact with the inside of the
side of the pan, may be pivotted to each arranger so as to lie above it, and be held
against the side by guides or otherwise. This slide will permit screws in the
slots of the arranger to slide under it, so that it will not interfere with the
working of the machine, and will prevent blanks from entering the small
cavities a, a, in the sides of the pan when the arrangers are down.
Among other modifications of this apparatus it is intended to move the
arrangers in right lines instead of working them on pivots, and in that case
the ends of the forwarding ways are to be attached to the top of the rim of
the pan, or at any rate above the level to which it is usually filled with blanks,
and the arrangers are so supported that their upper edges are at all times at a
sufficient angle with the horizon to cause blanks to slide therein by the force
of gravity. When such arrangers pick up blanks they will be prevented from
sliding out by the side of the pan until the slot in the arrangers comes opposite
to the slot in the forwarding ways, which slot is to be continued through the
side of the pan.
1
The operation of the machine is as follows:-Screw or other blanks having
heads on them are to be thrown into the hopper and the arrangers set in

page_text: motion; as they rise they will press some of the blanks aside, and others will
be caught in the slots and hang by their heads, and when the arrangers rise so
as to be sufficiently inclined to the horizon the blanks which are caught, or
some of them, will slide out into the forwarding ways. When the arrangers
descend blanks will roll in over them, and as the arrangers rise again they will
catch and pick up other blanks. When the arrangers are not pivotted and
the inclination of their top edges is constant, as in the modification before
described, the blanks which are so caught will tend always to slide to the
periphery of the hopper, but will not escape from the arrangers till the latter
rise, so that their slots are in line with the slots in the forwarding ways. The
hopper may be of any contour, so long as it holds blanks so that the arrangers
can act upon them substantially as described; for instance, the hopper may
bo a long box, in which the arrangers are disposed in rows instead of in
radiating lines, as described, and the arrangers may vary in number from two
upwards, and the arrangers may be moved simultaneously or at different times.
As each arranger will arrange in rows more blanks than any one machine can
act upon, it is intended to apply to the periphery of the pan several distributors
like that described as applicable to the apparatus represented on Sheet First.
Those distributors or distributing slots are to be so shaped, moved, and located
that they will be opposite and in line with the slot in an arranger when the
arranger is delivering blanks, and will when the arrangers are rising and
falling transfer the blanks that they contain into forwarding ways, whose
upper ends are so located as to receive blanks from the distributor, as here-
tofore described. These distributors should equal the arrangers in number, and
there should be three or four times as many forwarding ways. The distributors
should vibrate from the arranger to each way in succession when the
arrangers are disposed in rows, and oscillate in the same way when they are
disposed radially, and they may be moved conveniently by cams having as
many grades or steps as the distributor has different ranges of motion. The
forwarding ways of the contrivance described by reference to Sheet Fourth
may bo provided with gates, as heretofore described.
The modes of arranging, distributing, and forwarding herein-before described
produce the same result, namely, that a mass of blanks thrown into a pan shall
be arranged, distributed, and forwarded to many machines for performing the
same operations on a blank, and as almost the only hand labor in screw
factories is that which consists in transferring the blanks and throwing them
into arrangers, the modes herein explained will save much of the hand labor
now necessary in screw factories, but it is to be distinctly understood that the
modes of arranging illustrated under the first and second heads may be used

page_text: when there is employed, as now is usual, a distinct and separate arranger for
each machine. The machines for performing various operations upon the blanks
are to be arranged at the lower ends of the forwarding ways, but machines
performing the same operations on the blanks must be used in connection
with the ways from any one arranging apparatus; for instance, nothing but
nicking machines can be used in connection with the same hopper, nothing
but threaders in connection with another.
At the end of each way some competent contrivance should be applied for
separating blanks one by one from the column hanging in the ways, and
delivering them in succession to the various machines as they may require
them; various contrivances for such purposes are well known, but it is
preferred to use the one hereafter described.
What is claimed as new in the apparatus herein-before described is,―
First, the combination of a pan with a slotted bottom with sweeps for .opera-
ting therein, substantially as described and illustrated in Sheet First of the
Drawings, being an arranging apparatus.
Second, the distributing contrivance, and also its combination with the
arranging apparatus and forwarding, ways, substantially as described and
illustrated on Sheet First of the Drawings.
Third, the combination of the arranging apparatus with forwarding ways
arranged around the periphery thereof, the combination being substantially
such as is described by reference to Sheet First of the Drawings.
Fourth, the arranging apparatus composed of a pan or hopper with an
inclined ribbed bottom and a beater or brush, and also its combinations with
a distributor and with forwarding ways, and also with forwarding ways without
a distributor, substantially as described and illustrated by reference to Sheets
Second and Third of the Drawings.
Fifth, the arranging apparatus, consisting of a single pan or hopper and a
series of arrangers vibrating in vertical planes or nearly so in combination
with a series of forwarding ways, and also in combination with a series of
forwarding ways and a distributor, substantially as described and illustrated by
reference to Sheet Fourth of the Drawings.
A pan with a single arranger vibrating in vertical planes or nearly so, and
used in connection with a single forwarding way, is not claimed, as it is
known to be old.
As screw blanks are first submitted to the action of a shaver, then to that of
a nicker, and finally to that of a threader, the machines for performing these
operations will be described in that order, but the separating and delivering
or delivering apparatus, which is interposed between the end of the ways.

page_text: and each machine, will be described last instead of first, as, though represented
on all the Drawings hereafter referred to, it is most fully illustrated on those
of the threader.
The nature of the second part of the Invention consists in improved
machinery for shaving the heads of screw blanks, and is illustrated on
Sheet Fifth of the Drawings, which are Drawings of a shaver or shaving
machine, in which Figure First is a side elevation of a shaving machine,
Figure Second a plan of the same, and Figure Third an elevation of and
section through the cutter head, tool holders, &c.
All parts of this machine are mounted upon a bed plate a, a, on which in
proper guides is supported a carriage or slide b, 6, in which is mounted a
carrying wheel, c, c, from the periphery of which project a series of spring
receivers and holders d, d. These receivers are by preference made of steel
turned smooth on the outside, and bored out on the inside, and slit as shown in
the Drawings. Each receiver may, moreover be provided with a set screw to
close the bottom of its cavity, as shown at e, e; each receiver has its outside
bevelled at the end thereof. A conical socket o is secured to the bed plate of
the machine, with its centre in the plane in which the axis of the carrying
wheel slides. The bores of the receivers are of such size that screw blanks
will fall casily into them, and the slots are so contrived that the blank can
be held or grasped firmly in the carrier, as in a vice, when the conical end
of the latter is forced into the conical socket or griper. This griper is repre-
sented in the Drawings as fixed fast to the framework, but it is preferred to
mount it in guides, so that it may slide to and fro in a line between the cutter
head shaft and the centre of the carrying wheel, and to locate a spring of
india-rubber or other material in such a way as to force the griper towards
the carrying wheels.
By this arrangement all difficulties arising from unequal diameters of
blanks, or slight differences in size of the conical ends of the receivers, are
obviated. The forked carriage b, b, has depending from it a pin b¹ which
enters into a cam groove f of a rotating cam f¹. This cam has secured to it
a cog wheel which is driven by.a cog wheel g mounted on a shaft g¹³, on
the other end of which is secured another cog wheel 92, which is in gear
with a pinion h, fastened to a shaft h', which latter is to be rotated by any
proper machinery. Upon the shaft h¹ is a grooved sliding sleeve k and a
cutter head ¹ provided with sliding tool holders. A lever pivotted at l¹
has on its upper end pins which take into the groove in the sleeve, and this
lever is vibrated through the intervention of a rod 7-which is by means of a
spring forced to bear against a face cam cut in the end of the cam wheel f¹.

page_text: (See sketch in section Figure 4). The shape of this cam is such as to cause
the tools to approach each other gradually while a screw blank is held for
their action and until the shaving is completed, then to recede rapidly from
each other and remain in that position until the blank just shaved is with-
drawn and a fresh unshaved blank is placed ready for their action, and the
cam wheel makes one revolution during the entering, shaving, and with-
drawing of a blank. To each side of the carrying wheel are secured ratchet
teeth m, m, and upon the frame is bolted a spring pawl n in such manner
that it may be adjusted so as to strike against the teeth at the proper time.
The carrying wheel has also attached to it a series of lugs, as described in the
description of the nicking machinery, which operate the gate of the delivery
apparatus; and in the Drawing is shewn a contrivance for separating and
delivering blanks to the receivers and holders, substantially the same as that
represented in the Drawings of the nicking and threading machines, and
acting in connection with the receivers and holders in the same manner
as there described, but as in this machine blanks are operated upon in the
condition in which they leave the header, and as there are often burrs on
the heads which will cause the slide or gate to catch or stick, the working
side of the latch is bevilled in such manner that it will bend the spring y
and fly off from the lug whenever the slide is jammed or stuck fast, and in
this way prevent fracture of the parts.
The revolving cutter head for carrying the slides, tools, and contrivances for
actuating them may be constructed in any usual or proper manner known to
makers of screw machinery.
In the Drawings the tools are represented as secured in blocks or slides k
freo to slide in straight lines. These slides have inclined slots cut through
them, into which enter the parts of a fork p which is attached to the sleeve k;
as this sleeve moves back and forth, the tools must approach or recede from
the blank head, and this arrangement answers well in practice. The carrying
wheel is to be provided with holding panels as described in the nicking
and threading machine, so as to hold it at rest after it has been turned and
until one of the receivers enters the griper.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-Supposing the machine to be
in a position as shewn in the Drawings, and three of the receivers to contain
screw blanks; in this position a blank is represented as partially shaved,
and until this is completed the tool head revolves and the cutters continue to
approach each other, while the carrying wheel remains at rest.
As soon as
the shaving is completed the tools recede from each other, and the groove f
draws the carriage and carrying wheel backwards, so that the receiver and

page_text: blank that it carries are free of the socket or griper o, and the ratchets then
strike against the pawls which cause the carrying wheel to revolve through
the arc comprized between two receivers; the socket marked v then becomes
upright,, and lies under the angle formed by the two parts of the ways
carrying the column of blanks. A fresh blank is then dropped into the
receiver v, while it and the whole series of receivers and the carrying
wheel are being advanced by the cam groove f¹; as they are thus advanced,
the blank next in succession to the one just shaved is by its carrier forced
into the griper, and the latter acting on the conical end of the receiver causes
it to grasp the blank firmly; the pin has now returned again to the straight
part of the groove f, and the tools, which have all this time been revolving
without performing any duty, now commence to approach each other and
shave the bead of the new blank. The blank that has been shaved is carried
downwards and drops out by gravity; in some cases the blanks may not be
forced completely home by gravity into the sockets and in this case the cutters
might bo injured. As a matter of precaution, therefore, it is intended some-
times to use a punch, such as is indicated at w, Figure 3rd, so as to shove the
blank home. This punch may be a spring punch, always tending to force
the blank home and removed out of the way of the cutters by an inclined
plane on the cutters striking a pin projecting from the punch or the punch may
slide in a cavity in the shaft of the cutter head and be connected to a sleeve
which is moved forward to shove the blank home, and then retracted to take
the punch out of the way of the cutters by any proper cam. The tools may
be of any proper kind, and operated in any appropriate manner, so long as
they rotate to shave the head of a blank held at rest and separate to permit
its removal and the entrance of a fresh blank; and it is obvious that parts of
this machine which may be fed by hand or any suitable machinery may be
employed usefully for other purposes, for instance, the carrying wheel with its
receivers and carrier, and griper or griping socket, might be used in connec-
tion with a saw mounted on oscillating bearings, thus constituting a nicking
imachine.
What is claimed as new in the shaving machine is, the combination of a
series of receivers and holders with a socket or griper and rotating shaving
tools, the whole being and acting in combination under a mode of operation
substantially as specified, and illustrated by reference to Sheet Fifth of the
Drawings.
The nature of the third part of the Invention consists of certain new and
useful improvements in machinery for nicking the heads of screw blanks,
some of which are applicable in machines for performing other operations on

page_text: screw blanks and is illustrated on Sheets Sixth and Seventh of the Drawings,
which are drawings of a nicking machine or nicker constructed according to
the principles of this Invention.
In the Drawings Figure First is a front elevation of the machine; Figure
Second is a plan thereof; Figure Third is a vertical longitudinal section through
the same; and Figure Fourth is a detail view, partly in section and partly in
elevation, explanatory of the delivery apparatus.
The machine consists principally of a series of sliding and rotating receivers
and holders, capable of griping a blank as in a vice (as in the shaving
machine), which receive screw blanks and transfer them in succession to the
place where they are to be nicked, acting in combination with a sliding griping
apparatus which causes the holders to gripe the blanks, and also with a saw
or some equivalent thereof for cutting the slits in the heads. Connected with
these are apparatus for giving proper motion to the series of receivers and
holders and the saw, and also proper machinery substantially like that repre-
sented in the Drawings of the shaver and threader for delivering the screw
blanks into the receiver.
All parts of the machine are mounted upon a strong frame a, a, and in this
frame are two slots b, b, one on each side thereof, which support and guide two
boxes c, c, in which revolve the journals of a carrying wheel which supports
the series of holders and receivers. The boxes are embraced by a forked
slide d, d, (see Figure First and Third,) and as the slide is moved the journals
of the wheel slide with it. The carrying wheel e is mounted in journals
enclosed in the boxes, and has secured upon it spring receivers and holders
el, e, e', which are made by preference of tubes of steel with slits sawn
therein, as shewn in the Drawings. Each receiver may if desired have a set
screw in the bottom thereof, as shewn in the Drawings, so as to adjust the
depth of the bore to different lengths of screws. The open end of each of these
bores may be chamfered so as to fit a part of the bevel on the under side of
the screw head, and the outer portion of the receivers at the end thereof is
coned, as shewn in the Drawings, so as to fit when it enters a conical griper f
This griper is a conical socket formed in a staple-shaped piece of metal, one
part of which rests upon a cross barf attached to the frame. The two ends
of the staples have holes in them which embrace rods f, f, also attached
to the frame, or the cross bar and the griper can slide to and fro, being forced
towards the carrying wheel by springs which surround the rods. The essen-
tials of the griping apparatus are that it shall fit the ends of the receivers
so as to cause them to gripe the blank and shall be capable of sliding towards
and away from the axis of the carrying wheel. Just in front of the griper is

page_text: the nicking saw g, which is mounted on conical screw bearings; on the saw
journals is a cog wheel g³, which is driven by a cog wheel h mounted upon a
shaft h', which may bo rotated by any proper instrumentality; this shaft also
carries a bevel wheel ha engaging with a similar wheel i mounted on a shaft i
running lengthwise of the machine, and this shaft has also mounted upon it
a cog wheel which engages with another wheel k mounted on a counter-
shaft ', which also carries a wheel that engages with a wheel 7 attached to.
or making part of the revolving cam 1: This cam has a grooved track or
cam way cut upon it which embraces a roller or pin d³ attached to the slido d.
Upon one or both sides of the carrying wheel are ratchet teeth m, m. These
teeth when located on both sides of the wheel are acted upon by a forked pawl
m', secured on top of the frame by screws m³ passing through slots in the pawl
and by a set screw m³ bearing against its end, so that the pawl may be properly
adjusted. In the positions in which all parts are shewn in the Drawings the
nicking of a blank has been partly performed, and when it is finished the roller
ds will lie in tho groove at about the position n. As the cam rotates from that
position its first action will be to draw the slide back rapidly; as the slide is
drawn back it will carry with it the carrying wheel and all the receivers,
including the one inserted in the griper, and the griper actuated by the springs
will follow the receiver backwards until stopped by the nuts f³, f, on the
ends of the rods. A further backward motion of the slide will carry that one
of the receivers that contains the screw just nicked out of the griper, and a
further rearward motion will bring one of the teeth m against the end of the
pawl m', thus causing the carrying wheel to turn as it recedes until the next
receiver in succession is opposite the griping socket, and the pin or roller d²
has now reached the apex of the cam groove at n¹. A further revolution of
the cam advances the wheel forwards and throws the receiver, now in line with
the wheel, into the socket; and this fuller description of the motions of the
receivers and holders applies to those represented in the Drawings of the
shaving machine. The socket being retarded by the springs bears upon the
cone of the receiver entering it, causing it to commence to gripe the screw
blank contained therein, and the end of the blank striking against the saw is
shoved back (if it be out of place) into the receiver. A further forward
motion of the slide clamps the blank firmly in the receiver and forces it
against the saw, which then commences to cut the nick, and as the cam travels
from to n it shoves the blank slowly forward, the forward motion during
that time being just equal to the depth of the nick. In order to retain the
carrying wheel in proper angular position while moving forward after it has
been turned and prior to its entering a receiver into the griper, and in order
12
''+
2
1

page_text: also to prevent its being rotated too far, one or more spring-bolding pawis, such
as are commonly used for similar purposes, are secured to the slide and act
either upon the teeth m or other teeth or projections. (See x¹, Figure 3rd.)
The nicked blanks will fall out by gravity as the carrying wheel rotates,
and fresh blanks are to be fed into the receivers by the hand of an attendent
or by competent delivering apparatus, that shewn in the Drawings and here-
after fully described being preferred. By the mechanism described it will be
perceived that a single griper or griping socket answers for several receivers,
and that by reason of the sliding of the griper while it maintains its griping
action a screw blank may be advanced while firmly griped, thus avoiding the
necessity of giving any motion to the saw or saw carriage except a rotating
one; the machine is also so contrived that a single cam gives motion to all the
acting moving parts except the saw. The shafts, gear, &c. may be variously
modified in number and arrangement, and the carrying wheel may be rotated
and slid by any appropriate machinery, although a single cam acting in com-
bination with a slide and stationary pawl is preferred; and these remarks apply
to the trains of mechanism giving motion to the carrying wheel of the shaver.
It is to be understood that the number of receivers is unimportant, so long as
each is brought in succession to the griper, and that they may be constructed
in any way so long as they will receive a screw blank and will afterwards
gripe the same when their ends are forced into the socket, and these remarks
also apply to the receivers of the shaving machine. What is claimed as new
in this part of the Invention is,-
First, a series of sockets capable of receiving and griping screw blanks, as
described, and having both a sliding and rotating motion in combination with
a sliding griping apparatus acting substantially as specified, the whole as
illustrated on Sheets Sixth and Seventh of the Drawings.
Second, a series of rotating and sliding receivers, substantially such as are
described in combination with a sliding griping apparatus and a nicking saw,
the conibination being substantially as set forth, and illustrated in Sheets 6th
and 7th of the Drawings.
Third, a single cam so shaped as described and illustrated in combination
with a series of receivers and holders and a sliding griper, both such as are
illustrated and described, whereby a single cam acts both to force the receivers
into a socket to gripe a blank and to feed the blank, so that a nick of proper
depth may be cut therein, as described and illustrated on Sheets 6th and 7th
of the Drawings.
The nature of the fourth part of the Invention consists in certain new and
useful improvements in machinery for cutting threads on blanks, and is

page_text: illustrated on Sheets 8th and 9th of the Drawings, which are drawings of a
threader or threading machine, constructed according to the principles of this
Invention.
In them, Figure First is a plan or top view of the machine; Figure Second
is a front elevation thereof; Figuro Third, a rear elevation thereof; Figure
Fourth, a vertical section through the same on the line x, x, of Figure First;.
Figure Fifth is a rear elevation in detail of certain parts; Figure Sixth is an
end elevation of the inclined plane that gives the pitch to the thread and its
actuating cam and cog; Figure Seventh is an end elevation of the mechanism
that gives to the tool holder its motions towards and from the blank; Figure
8th is a plan of the mould or pattern, which causes the cutter to give proper
form to the screw; and Figuro Ninth is an end elevation explanatory of the
gearing giving motion to the various parts of the machine. This machine is
intended to act upon blanks that have already been nicked and shaved, and
consists mainly of a series of sliding and rotating receivers and holders acting
in combination with a screw driver to revolve the blanks, and a tool which
has imparted to it the proper motions to cut the threads thereon.
The whole contrivance is mounted upon a strong frame a, a, a, in the two
sides of which are formed guiding slots b, b, in which slide two boxes c, c,
in which upon a proper shaft is mounted a wheel d, d. This wheel is a star
wheel, and each of its points is turned off so as to form a short cylinder, as at
d', '; cach cylinder is pierced with a cylindrical hole of sufficient size just to
receive the body or barrel of a screw blank, the bore may be slightly enlarged
at the end as shown in the Drawings, (see specially Figure 4,) so that
blanks may be inserted more readily. Between the cylinders and the centre
of the wheel pieces of steel d², d³, are screwed fast to the arms of the star,
and these pieces are at the ends near the cylinders so bored through as to fit
accurately tlie under side of the head, and a small part of the body of a screw
blank, and that part of the pieces d² further towards the centre of the wheel
contains a cavity d³, Figure 4, which encloses about one-half of the body of a
blank, supposing it to be divided lengthwise. A screw blank will therefore
rest in one of tho pieces d, with the lower side of its head and a part of the
body nearest thereto wholly enclosed, and with half of the rest of the body
enclosed, and the other half exposed, (see d', Figures 2nd and 4th.) The
whole cavity, including the cylindrical bore, large enough to admit the head,
the conical bore, which receives and supports the head, the smaller cylindrical
cavity, which just contains a portion of the barrel, and the semi-cylindrical
or nearly semi-cylindrical cavity, which encloses one-half or thereabouts
of the rest of the barrel, constitutes a receiver and holder, and a series

page_text: of them are so mounted that they will both revolve and slide, but the
precise number of receivers, or the precise manner in which the cavities
are made, or the number of pieces of which they are constructed, or by what
precise apparatus the series is caused to revolve and slide, is immaterial.
A forked slide e is attached to or made in one piece with the boxes c, c, and'
is guided by proper slots in the frame; from this slide depends a pin e', and
the pin enters a cam groove e² in a revolving cam wheel f. Upon the star
wheel are a series of pins 9, 9, 9, and an impelling pawl g' is hinged to a
piece 9, which is attached to the frame by adjusting screws. This pawl
is pressed down by a spring and prevented from falling too far by a projec-
tion g', which always rests on one of the pins. A spring holding pawl g³ is
bolted to the slide, and has at its end a cavity fitting and capable of receiving
about one-half of one of the pins. A socket h, bored out so as to receive with
a close fit the outer ends of the receivers and carriers, is secured to the bed
plate in such position as to enclose the end of one of the carriers when the
carrying wheel is advanced, and a screw driver stock i, having on its end a
screw driver, lies within the socket so supported that its axis is coincident
with the axis of the socket. This stock is prevented from moving endwise
by collars or shoulders on the shaft i' to which it is secured, and is kept in
revolution continually during the action of the machine by means of a cog
wheel secured upon the shaft that carries the stock. The action of theso
parts is as follows:-Supposing the time of beginning to be when the parts
are in the position shewn in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and blanks to be inserted into
three of the receivers as in Figure 2nd, the screw driver is then in the nick
of one of the blanks, and is causing it to revolve rapidly, the star wheel with
its receivers and carriers is at rest, and the cam wheel f revolving, when it
revolves so far that the pin e¹ enters that part of the groove e which leads
away from the socket, then the groove commences to draw the slide, and con-
sequently the star wheel and the receiver within the socket, away from the
latter. The star wheel is thus slid backwards until the receiver within the
sockets is fairly out of it; at or just after that time one of the pins g on the
wheel is brought in contact with the impelling pawl, and as the wheel slides
back it revolves until the next carrier in succession comes in a line with the
socket. At that time the holding pawl by means of its spring embraces one
of the pins, holds the star wheel in the position to which it has been revolved,
and the pin e' is at the apex of the cam groove. A further revolution of the
cam causes the star wheel to advance rapidly without revolution until the
carrier in line with the socket enters it some distance, the advance is then
made more slowly, and becomes slower and slower (see shape of cam from x

page_text: to y) until the carrier is pushed home into the socket with the screw driver
inserted in the nick of a blank. By means of this slow motion of a carrier a
revolving screw driver can be entered into the nick of a blank with certainty,
and without any danger of marring the head, and the fast motion of the carrier
up to the time that the head of the blank is about in contact with the end
of the screw driver saves timo in the working of the machine. As soon as
the receiver is pushed home all motions of the star wheel cease, the pin now
being in that part of the cam groove which is straight, and the blank com-.
mences to revolve as soon as its nick is fairly entered by the screw driver. A
sliding shaft j, whose axis is parallel with that of the blank, being revolved, is
secured in the machine, it is forced in one direction by a spring j¹, and in the
other by an inclined plane j³, which is mounted upon a slide j³ which is
moved upwards by a cam j and downwards by its own weight or a spring;
both the slide and the sliding shaft should be so held by guides or feathers
or similar contrivances that they may slide endwise and cannot revolve, and
rollers may be applied between their ends and the cam and inclined plane.
The tool post or holder is mounted on the shaft j, in suchwise as to be free
to oscillate thereon, but to be forced to follow the endwise motions of the
shaft; this post carries at its upper end a threading or chasing tool of any
usual or proper construction, and is prolonged downwards until it enters a slot
or cavity (see specially Figures 7th and 8th) in a piece of metal ; one
side of this cavity constitutes the mould or former. The lower end of the tool
post has attached to it a spiral spring k³, which always tends to draw the tool
away from the screw blank. The mould is secured to a rock shaft arm m,
fastened upon a rock shaft m', which carries at its other end another arm m².
This latter arm has upon it a pin that enters a cam groove m³ on the end of
the cam wheelf. This groove when in revolution oscillates the rock shaft,
and consequently the mould and the tool post and tool. The action of these
parts is as follows:-Supposing the operation to commence at the time when
a receiver is homo in the socket, and the blauk is revolving at that time the
inclined plane is down, the sliding shaft is shoved endwiso towards the socket,
and the cam pin attached to m' is in such position as to permit the spring
to hold the tool out of contact with the blank; as the inclined plane com-
mences to rise it moves the shaft endwise, and at, the same time the cam
groove m³ acting through the agency of the mould forces the chaser against
the blank far enough to make the first cut and there holds the chaser, which
by the action of the inclined plane is forced along the screw so as to give the
pitch, and has at the same time its depth of cut modified by the sliding of
one end of the tool post along the mould. As soon as one cut is finished

page_text: the cam m³ permits the spring ka to draw the tool away from the blank, and
as soon as it is so drawn away the cam j permits the inclined plane to
drop and the spring j¹ moves its shaft end wise, in consequence of which the
chaser returns to its commencing point out of contact with the blank, when
there the cam m³ brings it up to its work again but with a deeper cut, and
the inclined plane (raised by its cam j") again gives it the same pitch. When
this cut is finished the tool again returns as before, and thus as many cuts,
each deeper than the last, are given as may be necessary; when the last cut is
done the cutter is again released and thrown forward, and again is travelled
along by the pitch plane, but during this travel the cam m³ holds it entirely
out of contact with the blank, or rather the screw, for it is now finished; while
the cutter is thus moving out of contact with the screw the star wheel slides
back, turns and slides forward, removing the finished screw, and carrying a
new blank to be revolved by the screwdriver and chased by the cutter, which
commences to act again when the new blank is revolving, and its receiver and
carrier is fairly home in the socket. Those acquainted with the art of making
screws by machinery will know how to lay out the cam to give as many cuts as
necessary, and how much each cut should increase in depth, and also how to
time the revolutions of this cam with those of the cam that moves the wedge or
pitch plane, and with the screw driver shaft, and revolutions may be imparted to
both cams and the screw driver by any proper train of gearing, that indicated in
the Drawings being suitable for the purpose, and further description being
considered unnecessary. During these operations the blanks have been con-
sidered as if placed in the receivers by hand, and it is evident that the
finished screws will drop out as the star wheel revolves.
The offices of the receivers and carriers are as follows:-First, to receive
the blanks; second, to carry them to the place where they are to be threaded;
and, third, to hold them there, so that they may be revolved by a screw driver
and chased by a chasing or threading tool, and they must be so constructed,
substantially as described, as to be able to perform these duties. The office
of the socket is to hold one of the receivers firmly in place, so that the blank
it contains may be properly revolved and threaded. The pitch plane gives
the pitch or lead to the screw thread, and the mould gives shape or contour to-
the screw, while the cam m³ brings up to the tool, holds it to its work, and
permits it to be withdrawn at the proper time. It has already been stated
that blanks may be put into the receivers by hand; they may also be delivered
into the receivers by any competent delivering apparatus, that shewn in the
Drawings and hereafter fully described being preferred.
What is claimed as new in this part of the Invention is,

page_text: First, the combination of a series of sliding and rotating receivers and holders
having the characteristics substantially as described, with a socket and a re-
volving screw driver, substantially such as are specified, these parts operating
in combination substantially as set forth and illustrated on Sheets 8th and 9th
of the Drawings.
Second, the combination with a revolving screw driver of a sliding receiver
and holder or a series thereof, moved towards the screw driver by a differential
or fast and slow motion, substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified,
as illustrated on Sheets 8th and 9th of the Drawings.
The nature of the last part of the Invention consists in an improved
delivering apparatus and in its combination with holders and receivers that
slido with the gate of the delivering apparatus, substantially as hereafter
described. This part of the Invention is illustrated by the Drawings of the
shaving and nicking machines, but is more specially represented and will be
described by reference to Sheets 8th and 9th of the Drawings, upon which the
threading machine is represented.
The delivering apparatus consists of an ordinary inclined conductor bent or
curved near its end, in which slides a gate that permits the blank to drop, or
shoves them out one by one from the end of a column and holds back the
column until it becomes requisite to drop the next blank in succession. In the
Drawings an inclined way or conductor, which is composed of two pieces,
with just space enough between them to receive a screw blank and permit
it to slide, is shewn at o, o, o', o¹; this way is by preference bent at right
angles, and its two sides are bevilled at top, so as to fit the lower side of
the blank heads. Just at the bend one of the sides is cut away and a
gate or slide p is so fitted as to play in the lower part of the ways. When
this slide is retracted (see Figure 4) the column of blanks which is fed into
the ways by hand or by machinery rests against the bent part of the conductor,
when the slide advances (sec. red lines Figure 2) it pushes out the blank
which lies in front of it and at the same time stops the further descent of
the column, and the blank thus pushed out descends as it advances, owing
to its head sliding down the ways, and finally drops off the ends of the
ways. In order to prevent the blow of the slide from throwing the
blank out too fast when the machine is working at speed, there is attached
to the slide a hook pl which prevents the blank from advancing faster than the
hook moves. In the Drawings the slide is shewn as mounted on a standard,
and has attached to it a rod which enters a case or socket, in which is con
tained a spring so contrived and attached that it always tends to draw the
slide backwards, and to the slide is also attached a swinging rod r with a hook

page_text: or latch upon it, and this rod is forced towards the star wheel by a spring r
Upon the frame of the machine is mounted an unlatcher or disconnecters, and
the operation of all these parts is as follows:-When the star wheel moves
back, one of its arms strikes the curved end of the swinging rod and the latch
and forces it away from the wheel, when the wheel has been moved back and
is revolved, one of the receivers and carriers lies directly under the blank that
lies in front of the gate and rests against the bent part of the conductor, and
the latch lies against the side of one of the arms which is nearest to the socket;
as the carrying wheel is advanced it carries the latch, and consequently the
slide and the blank in front of it, forwards just as fast as the receiver under
the blank, advances and the blank slides, or is pushed gradually down the ways
into the receiver (see red lines in Figure 2). When the receiver has passed
beyond the ways, the curved part of the swinging rod strikes the unlatcher, which
frees the latch from the arm, and the spring in the case q draws the slide back,
permitting the column of screws to drop, and all parts of the delivering mechan-
ism remain in this position until another blank is needed. If the operation of these
parts be studied it will be seen that the blanks hang by their heads, points down,
and the receiver by its sliding motion co-operates with the gate and ways in
delivering the blank, which falls point first, and there is little, or it may be said
no chance of a failure of delivery. It will also be seen that if a conical tube,
with the large end up were fitted below the lower and bent part of the guides,
that this delivering apparatus would then be capable of delivering blanks into
a receiver which did not move or slide with the gate and blank; it will be seen
further that the upper end of the ways might be horizontal, provided the
column of blanks were fed along by a pusher actuated at intervals by machinery,
and also that the lower end of the ways might be curved, provided the slide
moved in the curve of the lower part, the ways and the bend in the ways may
be made at other angles than at right angles, and each blank may be
delivered to the receiver at the time when the rotation of the star wheel is
taking place. When the delivering apparatus is claimed, in combination with a
receiver that moves or slides as the gate moves, a receiver having the charac-
teristics of any of the receivers and holders herein-before described with
reference to the shaver, nicker, or threader, is the receiver intended to be
claimed in that combination.
What is claimed as new in this last part of the Invention is,-
First, a delivering apparatus consisting of a bent or curved way and a gate
operating therein, the whole having a mode of operation substantially as
described and illustrated by the Drawings.
Second, the combination of a delivering apparatus, substantially such as

page_text: described and illustrated, with a receiver and holder which moves as the gate
of the delivering apparatus moves, so that a blank may be delivered and received
under a mode of operation substantially as set forth and illustrated by the
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Tomlinson Bousfield, havo here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
GEO. T. BOUSFIELD. (L.8.)