Improvements in Hydraulic Elevators.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hydraulic Elevators.
[Communicated from abroad by OTIS BROTHERS AND COMPANY, a Corporation
existing under the laws of the State of New York, and having its principal
place of business at No. 36, Park Row, New York City, United States of.
America.]
1 PHILIP ARTHUR NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in hydraulic elevators, it being one object
of the invention to economize in the consumption of water in those elevators of this
class which employ what is known as the "circulating system," that is to say, those
elevators in which, during the descent of the car, the water circulates from one side of
the motor piston to the other.
In the elevators of this class, the water is admitted to one end of the motor
cylinder, herein for convenience called the induction end, to act upon the piston and
raise the car, and when the car is to descend, the water is allowed to circulate to the
other end of the cylinder, herein for convenience called the eduction end, thereby
permitting the car to descend by its own weight.
By this system the water always acts at full pressure upon the motor piston during
the ascent of the car. If the car is carrying its maximum, or substantially its
maximum load, the full pressure of the water upon the piston is required, and no waste
of power results. If, however, the car is empty, or carries but a light load, the full
pressure of the water upon the piston is not required to raise the car, and, as a
consequence, the piston is driven against the water in the eduction end of the cylinder,
and exerts a pressure tending to force the water out of the cylinder, which force is
entirely wasted, as it performs no useful function. From this it will be seen that the
same amount of water is consumed, and the same power expended, at each ascent of
the car,
regardless of whether the car is empty or heavily loaded.
It is one of the objects of the present invention to provide means by which, when
the car is ascending with no load, or less than the maximum load, the surplus power
developed by the water acting upon the induction side of the motor piston will be
utilised to cause the circulation of a part of the water contained in the eduction of the
cylinder, from that end of the cylinder to, the induction end, thereby causing
the amount of water consumed at each ascent of the car, to conform approximately to
the load, and thus economize in the consumption of water.
When the car is descending, the weight of the car and its load move the motor
piston along the cylinder, and cause the water to circulate from the induction to the
eduction end of the cylinder. When the load is light, the pressure tending to force
the water out of the induction end of the cylinder is comparatively small, but when
the load upon the descending car is heavy, the piston is moved along the cylinder with
such power as to expel the water from the cylinder with considerable force.
Another object of the present invention to provide means by which the surplus
power developed by the descending car and its load will be stored up and subsequently
utilised in raising the car and its load.
Another feature of the invention relates to a valve apparatus for use in connection
with hydraulic elevators and other similar hydraulic apparatus, to control the
movements of the motor piston. The valves which have been heretofore employed for
this purpose have in many instances produced so much noise, when in use, as to prove
an annoyance to occupants of buildings in which they were located, and this annoyance
Price

page_text: has been greatest where there was considerable difference in pressure between the
supply and discharge, and has been due to the fact that the motor fluid under a high
pressure, has been caused to pass through contracted channels or ports into chambers
in which the pressure was comparatively low.
A
It is the object of the present invention to overcome this objectionable feature.
full understanding of the invention can be best given by an illustration, and a detailed
description of an organized elevator mechanism embodying the same. Such
description will therefore be given, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,
in which—
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of the motor cylinder, valve, and circulating
pipe, of a hydraulic elevator of the class referred to, showing the present invention
applied thereto.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on the line 2 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 3 of the same Figure.
Fig. 4 is an elevation of an elevator mechanism embodying the invention in a
slightly modified form.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a portion of the same.
Figs. 6 and 7 illustrate other modifications which will be hereinafter explained.
Fig. 2 is a cross section taken through the valve.
Figs. 3, 4, and 5ª, illustrate slight modifications, which will be hereinafter referred
to, Fig. 5 being a cross section upon the line 5 of Fig. 4".
Referring to said drawings, it is to be understood that A represents the motor
cylinder, and B the circulating pipe of a hydraulic elevator of the class referred to.
The cylinder is provided with the usual piston, the rods C of which are connected
to the hoisting cable or cables of the elevator in the usual manner. The cylinder A
is herein shown as arranged vertically, but this is not essential, as it may be arranged
horizontally, if preferred.
The circulating pipe B is provided with a valve apparatus which controls the
induction of the water to the upper end of the cylinder, its circulation to the lower
end, and its final discharge. The circulating pipe B, which also, in the case shown,
forms the induction pipe, communicates with the valve chest E by means of ports F¹,
shewn best in Fig. 2.
The supply pipe H, through which the water is supplied to the cylinder A, also
communicates with the valve chest E¹ by means of ports C, which are preferably
arranged in the same plane, or substantially the same plane, with the ports F¹. The
ports CF will preferably be arranged in pairs opposite each other, to counterbalance
the pressure, and to destroy, by the opposing streams, their energy. This, however,
is not absolutely essential. One of the ports may be omitted, and also one of the
ports may be omitted. The lower end of the valve-chest E' is provided with a
port I, which communicates, through the pipe B, with the lower end of the
cylinder A, and which is also capable of being brought into communication with the
ports CF, and with the discharge outlet I of the valve chest.
The valve chest E' contains a valve a¹, of the ordinary form, for controlling the
port I, to permit the circulation and discharge of the water to and from the lower
end of the motor cylinder, it being understood that the term lower end is herein
used for convenience to indicate the end of the motor cylinder from which the water
is finally discharged. The valve a' is provided with a rod g', which passes upward
in the valve-chest, and carries a piston located above the ports F, and which
serves to balance the valve. The rod is also provided with the usual rack, which
is engaged by a pinion, by which, through suitable connections, the valve is
operated.
In addition to the valve a', the valve chest contains a supplemental valve c', for
controlling the ports C₁ F. This supplemental valve el is preferably made of
annular form, or is perforated, so as to permit the water to circulate through it in
passing from the ports CF to the port I. The valve c¹ may be secured either
directly to the rod y' by means of spokes 3, as shown in Figs. 4" and 5ª, or may

page_text: be secured to the piston 6 and valve a¹ by means of light ribs 4, as shown in
Figs. 2 and 3º.
The supplemental valve c¹ is so arranged with relation to the
valve a', that as the latter valve is moved upward or downward to open the port I',
and permit the water to enter or escape from the lower end of the cylinder A, the
former valve will be open the poris C₁, F to a corresponding extent, so as to permit
the water to pass out of the pipe B into the valve-chest at the same rate it is
permitted to pass from the valve chest into the pipe B, or to permit the water to pass
from the supply-pipe H to the valve chest, and from the valve-chest to the pipe B,
and the upper end of the cylinder at the same rate at which it is permitted to escape
from the lower end of the cylinder through the port I¹.
The operation of the valve apparatus thus organized is as follows:-Let it be
assumed that the piston of the motor cylinder is at the upward limit of its movement,
and that the cylinder beneath it is filled with water, and the valves a' c¹ are in position
to cut off the supply and discharge of water to and from the cylinder.
When it is desired to lower the piston, to raise the elevator car or other load,
the valve a will be raised, so as to partly or wholly uncover the port I, and thus
allow the water to escape from the lower end of the cylinder. At the same time, the
supplemental-valve c will be correspondingly raised, and open the ports CF to a
corresponding extent, and thus permit the water to pass into the upper end of the
cylinder. By this means, the rate of admission of water above the piston is mado
to conform to the rate of its discharge from below the piston, and as a consequence,
the water, instead of being forced out of the lower end of the cylinder, so as to
occasion a hissing noise in passing through the port l'into the discharge I, flows
through the port I' without noise.
H
When it is desired to raise the piston, the valvos a c¹ will be moved downward
until the ports CFP are partly or wholly uncovered. The weight of the load
will then raise the piston, and cause the water above it to circulate through the
pipe B and ports F, I to the lower end of the cylinder. The supplemental valve c¹
being made of annular form, or perforated vertically, will permit the water to pass
through it in passing from the ports F1 to port I, and the ports C₁ being opened to
the same extent that the points F¹ are opened, will also put the port I¹ in communi-
cation with the supply-pipe f during circulation, so as to permit sufficient water to
enter the lower end of the cylinder to compensate for the volume of the piston rod or
rods During this circulation of the water, the water beneath the piston is subjected
to little or no pressure, while the water above the piston, and in the pipe B, is
subjected to a pressure due to the weight of the load, and if the load is heavy, the
pressure of the water might be so great as to produce tho objectionable noise before
referred to, were it not that the difference in pressure between the upper and lower
sides of the piston is gradually reduced by the supplemental valve.
To illustrate-The water, in passing form the pipe B through the ports F¹, is
throttled more or less, thereby reducing the pressure in the valve chest between the
valve a and piston 1, and the water in passing from the valve chest through the
port 1, is again throttled. During this operation, the water, in passing from
the pipe H through the ports to the valve chest, is correspondingly throttled.
When the valves a c¹ are lowered so as to fully open the ports FC, the water, in
circulating from the upper to the lower end of the cylinder, will, in the construction
shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4", 5", have to pass through the valve c', and as the space
within the valve chest is somewhat contracted by the presence of the valve, the
circulation will be slightly retarded, and it may therefore, in some cases, be desirable
to provide the valve chest with a supplemental port or by-pass k², as shown in
Fig. 3, which will allow the water to circulate around the valve e', and by making
the port of sufficient size, the entire volume of water may circulate through the
port, and in such case the supplemental valve need not be of annular form or be
perforated.
It has been stated that it is preferable that the ports ("F' should be arranged in
the same plane, but this is not absolutely essential. They may be arranged on

page_text: different planes, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. In such case, the the valve c' will be
made in two parts c¹ c², as shewn, one part controlling the ports F, and the other
part controlling the ports C. Wherever the supplemental-valve c' is referred to, it
is therefore to be understood as including the construction in which the valve
is made in two parts, as well as a construction in which it is made in one part...
As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the passages forming the ports F1 C; instead of
being formed in the walls of the valve-chest, are formed by branches of the pipes B, H,
as indicated. This in some cases will be preferable.
In some cases, it may be preferable to so arrange the valve a¹ and the supple-
mental valve, that the ports CF will be closed slightly in advance of the port 1', or
in case where the supplemental valve is made in two parts, so that the ports C¹ will
be closed slightly in advance of the ports F¹, and the ports F slightly in advance of
the port I¹.
The pipe B will, for convenience, be herein referred to as the supply and circulating
pipe, but it is to be understood that an organization in which separate supply and
circulating pipes are employed, is in a broad sense the equivalent of that shown.
The supply and circulating pipe is provided with two reversely arranged nozzles E F,
through the former of which the water must pass in entering the induction end of
the cylinder, and through the latter of which it must pass in circulating to the
eduction end of the cylinder. The portion of the pipe B, between the nozzles E F, is
reversely tapered so as to co-operate with the nozzles to form injectors of the ordinary
form. At the points occupied by the nozzles EF, the pipe B is enlarged, so as to
form chambers a c around the respective nozzles. In the organization shown in
Fig. 1, the chamber a communicates, through one or more openings d, with the
circulating pipe B, between the valve and the eduction end of the cylinder. The
chamber e communicates, by a pipe f, with a tank G, into which the waste water is
discharged through a pipe I. Or the pipe may communicate with any other
convenient source of water supply. The tank G is of course provided with a suitable
overflow pipe by which the surplus waste water can escape. It is of course to he
understood that if separate supply and circulating pipes are employed, the nozzle E
will be in the supply pipe, and the nozzle F in the circulating pipe.
In the organization of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the nozzle E is
located slightly below the portion of the pipe B which connects the eduction end of
the cylinder and the valve chest E, and the tank G is located slightly above the
level of the nozzle F. By this means, water enters the chambers ac under a slight
head, which aids the inductive action of the injectors, and although in many cases
this is the preferable organization, it is not essential.
Figs. 4 and 5 show an organization in which the nozzle E is located above the
portion of the pipe B which connects the eduction end of the cylinder A. and the
valve chest E', the chamber a being connected to the pipe B by a pipe y, and in
which the tank G is below the level of the nozzle F. In this case, the water will
not flow to the chambers a c under any head, but will have to be forced into the
chambers by the inductive action of the injectors. The operation of the organization,
as thus far described, is as follows:-
When it is desired to cause the car to ascend, the valve is moved into position to
open communication from the eduction end of the cylinder to the waste pipe I, and
also (if the valve controls the supply pipe, as is shown in the present case) open
communication through the supply pipe, to allow the water to enter the induction
end of the cylinder. Water will then pass from the pipe H through the valve chest,
and enter the pipe B, and passing upward through the nozzle E, enter the induction
end of the cylinder, and drive the piston downward so as to raise the car, the water
contained in the eduction end of the cylinder beneath the piston being at the same
time allowed to flow outward to the main discharge pipe I.
If the car is carrying the maximum, or substantially the maximum load, the full
pressure of the water upon the piston will be required to raise the car, and, as a
consequence, no pressure will be developed upon the water in the eduction end of

page_text: the cylinder, which will simply flow out as the piston descends. If, on the other
hand, the load is light or comparatively light; the full pressure of the water upon the
piston will not be required to raise the car, and, as a consequence, the piston will
tend to develope a greater speed, thereby exerting a pressure upon the water beneath
it tending to force the same out of the cylinder. The increased speed of the piston
will cause the water to flow through the pipe B more rapidly, so that as the incoming water
is forced through the contracted opening of the nozzle E, it will acquire a considerable
velocity, so as to create an inductive action, the same as in the ordinary injector, which
will cause more or less of the water from the chamber a to enter the pipe B around
the nozzle, and be carried into the induction end of the cylinder. By this means,
a portion of the water in the eduction end of the cylinder is circulated back and
restored to the induction end of the cylinder, thereby ecomizing in the consumption
of water, and proportionately reducing the expense of operating the elevator.
When it is desired to cause the car to descend, the valve is shifted so as to open
communication through the pipe B between the induction and eduction ends of the
cylinder. Both ends of the cylinder will then be in communication with the supply pipe H,
and, as a consequence, the pressure upon the opposite sides of the piston will be equal, and
the car will descend by its own weight, the water in the induction end of the cylinder
passing through the circulating pipe, and entering the eduction end of the cylinder as the
piston ascends. When the car is descending with no load, or only a light load,
the piston in the cylinder will not be moved upward with sufficient force to drive the
water out of the induction end of the cylinder under much pressure, and it will con-
sequently circulate gently from the induction to the eduction end of the cylinder.
When, however, the descending car is heavily loaded, the power developed by the
load will drive the water out of the induction end of the cylinder with great force, so
that it will issue from the nozzle F with great velocity, and will thus act inductively
to draw in a quantity of water from the tank G, which will be added to the volume
available for use in raising the car. By this means, the power developed by the
descending load is stored up for future use. In order to prevent the incoming water
from entering the chamber a, and passing through the openings & to the waste pipe,
when the load is so heavy, or the flow of the water through the nozzle is so slow
that there is no inductive action developed by the injector, and also to prevent the
water from escaping during circulation, the openings d are provided with check valves g,
which permit the water to flow from the eduction end of the cylinder to the chamber a,
but prevent it from flowing in the opposite direction. In order to prevent the
incoming water from passing through the pipe to the tank G, and also to prevent
the circulating water from escaping in the same manner when the load upon the car
is light, the pipe F is provided with a check valve arranged similarly to the
valves 9.
The nozzles E F may, and preferably will be adjustable, so that the space through
which the water is drawn by the inductive action of the injectors, can be varied as
different conditions may require. This may be effected in a variety of ways. One
convenient form of mechanism for adjusting the nozzles, is illustrated in Fig. 1 in
connection with the nozzle E. For this purpose, the nozzle is provided upon its
side with a rack k, which is engaged by a small pinion mounted upon a shaft
which extends through a stuffing box, and is provided with a handle (not shown) by
which it can be conveniently operated. The nozzle F may of course be provided with
a similar apparatus.
Where both of the nozzles E Fare, as is illustrated in the present case, located
in the same pipe which serves both as a supply and a circulating pipe for the
motor cylinder, it is desirable that means should be provided by which the entire
volume of water, when entering the induction end of the cylinder, will not be
required to pass through the nozzle F, and by which the entire volume of water
then circulating will not be required to pass through the nozzle E. This is
desirable, because the passage of the water through the contracted openings of the
two nozzles throttles it more or less, and subjects it to an unnecessary amount of

page_text: friction. To avoid this, each of the injectors may be provided with a by-pass
communicating respectively with the chambers a, c, and with the pipe B below and
above the respective injectors. The by-passes are provided with reversely arranged
check-valves, which act to compel the water, when entering the induction end of
the cylinder, to pass through the nozzle E, but permit it to pass around the nozzle F.
During the circulation of the water, the operation is reversed, and the water is com-
pelled to pass through the nozzle F, while a part of it is permitted to pass around the
nozzle E.
In some cases, it is desirable to provide means for automatically regulating the
flow of the water into the induction end of the cylinder, to conform to the pressure
of the water and the load to be raised, so that as the pressure upon the water
beneath the piston increases, the flow of water into the induction end of the
cylinder will be diminished, and vice versa.
An organization by which this may be accomplished, is also illustrated in Fig. 1.
For this purpose, the nozzle E is provide with a cone-shaped valve 0, which
is located within the nozzle, and is so arranged, that as it is raised and lowered,
it contracts and enlarges the opening for the passage of the water through said
nozzle, thus diminishing and increasing the supply to the induction end of the
cylinder.
The valve is supported by arms p, which project from a rock shaft q having
an arm, which is pivotally connected to the rods of a piston or diaphragm,
which is subjected to the pressure of the water in the eduction end of the cylinder,
and is so arranged, that as the pressure in the eduction end of the cylinder
increases, it will, through the connections which have just been described, move
the valve O, so as to reduce the flow of water to the induction end of the cylinder,
and vice versa. The rods of the piston is also connected to a bell crank lever m,
which is fulcrummed at n, and is provided with an adjustable weight w, by which
the piston is prevented from being moved to any considerable extent, until a
certain predetermined pressure is obtained in the eduction end of the cylinder. A
spring may of course be used in place of the weight w for this purpose.
Where the main valve is of the character herein shown, the supply pipe H will of
course communicate directly with the valve chest, as shown, but where other forms
are employed, the supply may connect with the circulating pipe at any point
between the main valve and the nozzle E.
In operating elevators equipped with the injector nozzles, it may sometimes
happen, when the load to be raised very nearly equals the hoisting capacity of
the elevator, or when the car is to descend without any load, and is consequently
almost held in equilibrium by the counter-balancing weights, that it will be
desirable to allow the water, or at least a part of it, to enter the induction end
of the cylinder, or to circulate from the induction to the eduction end of the
cylinder, without being subjected to even the slight retardation due to passing
through one of the injector nozzles E, F. Figs. 6 and 7 show organizations in
which this is accomplished in two different ways.
In the organization shown in Fig. 6, the pipe B is provided with a by-pass K,
which passes around both the injector nozzles E, F, and thus affords a channel
through which the water, or a part of the water, can enter the induction end
of the cylinder, without passing through the nozzle E, and by which also the
water, or a part of it, can circulate from the induction end to the eduction end
of the cylinder, without passing through the nozzle F. As shown in Fig. 6,
the by-pass K is controlled by a valve e, the rod of which is forked, and provided
with a pin which passes through a cam groove a formed in the rod of the
main valve. The cam is so shaped, that so long as only a medium or ordinary
range of movement is given to the main valve, the valve e will remain in its
closed position, and prevent any flow of water through the by-pass K. So long
as the valve e remains closed, the operation of the apparatus will be the same as
already described. When, however, the load upon the car is almost equal to tho

page_text: capacity of the elevator, the valve will be moved upward beyond the usual limit,
so as to be opened to its full extent, and the cam is so shaped, that when this
takes place, it will operate to open the valve e, and allow the water, or a part of the
water, to flow through the by-pass, and enter the induction end of the cylinder
without passing through the nozzle E. When the car is to descend without any
load, the main valve will be moved beyond the usual limit of its movement in the
reverse direction, and the cam is so shaped that this will also open the valve e,
and allow a part of the water to circulate without passing through the nozzle F.
In the organization shown in Fig. 7, the same results are accomplished in a
slightly different manner. In this case, one end of the by-pass K, instead of
communicating directly with the supply and circulating pipe B, communicates with
the valve chest F, and is controlled by a valve i, which is carried upon the valve
rod g. The valve is so formed that as long as the main valve is not moved
beyond the range of its usual movement, the entrance to the by-pass remains
closed. If, however, the main valve is moved beyond the range of its usual
movement in either direction, the opening to the by-pass K will be uncovered, and a
part of the water will flow through the by-pass, with the effect before stated.
It is of course to be understood that one of the injectors may be omitted, if,
in any case, it should not be desired to utilize the surplus power developed when
the car is moving in one direction.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The combination with the main cylinder, piston, supply, circulating, and dis-
charge pipes, of the valve chest E' communicating with said pipes, the main
valve a controlling the discharge and circulation, and the supplemental valve c
moving with the main valve, and controlling the rate of flow of water into the
cylinder, to conform to the rate of its discharge, said supplemental valve being
perforated to permit the water to flow through it, to circulate from one end to
the other of the cylinder, and also to afford communication between the supply
pipe and the discharge or eduction end of the cylinder during circulation,
substantially as described.
2. The combination with the valve chest E, having the ports F', I', of the.
valve a, controlling the port 1, the balancing piston, and the perforated
supplemental valve c¹ located between the valve a¹ and piston b¹, and controlling
the port F, substantially as described.
3. The combination with the main cylinder, and the pipe B communicating
with the opposite ends of the cylinder, of the supply-pipe H, the valve chest E¹,
having the ports F, I', C, communicating with said pipes, the valve al controlling
the port 1, the balancing-piston, and the supplemental valve c', located between
the valve and piston 61, and constructed and arranged to cover both the
ports CF, and thereby throttle the water as it enters the valve chest through
the port C, and as it leaves or enters the valve chest through the port F¹,
substantially as described.
4. The combination in a hydraulic valve apparatus, of a valve chest provided with
ports CF, arranged in pairs opposite each other, and with a port 1', said ports
communicating with pipes B H, a rod carrying the valve for controlling the port 1',
a balancing piston 6, and a perforated valve arranged to control the ports C¹ F1,
substantially as described.
5. The combination with a valve chest having ports F, and a port 1', of a valve
rod carrying a valve at one end, a balancing piston at the other end, and an inter-
mediate valve (c) for controlling the ports CF, with openings to permit the free
discharge of the water between the piston and the valve at the end of the rod,
substantially as described.
6. The combination of the valve chest, having ports C₁, F, 11, a rod carrying a
lower valve a¹, an upper piston 61, and perforated intermediate valves for closing the

page_text: ports C, F, the lap of the valve for closing the port C being greater than that for
closing the port F, and the lap of the latter valve being greater than that of the
valve a', substantially as described.
7. The combination in a hydraulic valve apparatus, of the valve chest having the
inlet port C, for the supply, the port F for communication with the top of the
motor cylinder, the port I for cominunication with the bottom of the same and with
the discharger I, a piston valve for controlling the port 11, a counter-balancing
piston 6, and a perforated supplemental valve e, arranged to throttle the inlet port
and the outlet port to the top of the motor, and also to allow the water to circulate
through the same under pressure, substantially as described.
8. The combination with the main cylinder, piston, and circulating pipe of a
hydraulic elevator, of an injector located in said circulating pipe, and communicating
through a check valve with an outside supply of water, whereby the inductive action
of the circulating water operates to draw in an additional supply of water, sub-
stantially as described.
9. The combination with the cylinder piston, and supply and circulating pipe or
pipes of a hydraulic elevator, of an injector, through which the water passes in entering
the induction end of the cylinder, and which also communicates with the eduction
end of the cylinder, and a second injector through which the water passes in circulating,
and which communicates with an outside supply of water, whereby the inductive
action of the water passing through said respective injectors, operates to circulate
water from the eduction to the induction end of said cylinder, and to draw in an
additional supply of water, substantially as described.
10. The combination with the cylinder pistou, and supply circulating pipe. or pipes,
of a hydraulic elevator, of an injector through which the water passes in entering the
induction end of the cylinder, and which also communicates through a check valve
with the eduction end of the cylinder, and a second injector through which the water
passes in circulating, and which communicates through a check valve with an outside
supply of water, whereby the inductive action of the water passing through said
respective injectors, operates to circulate water from the eduction to the induction
end of said cylinder, and to draw in an additional supply of water, substantially as
described.
11. The combination with the cylinder, piston, and supply and circulating pipe of
a hydraulic elevator, of reversely arranged injectors located in said pipe, and
communicating respectively with the eduction end of said cylinder, and with an
outside supply, whereby the inductive action of the water entering the induction end
of said cylinder, operates to circulate water from the eduction to the induction end
of the cylinder, and whereby the inductive action of the water, in circulating,
operates to draw in an additional supply of water, substantially as described.
12. The combination with the cylinder, piston, and supply and circulating pipe of
a hydraulic elevator, of reversely arranged injectors located in said pipe, and com-
municating respectively with tho eduction end of the cylinder, and with an outside
supply, whereby the inductive action of the water entering the induction end of the
cylinder, operates to circulate water from the eduction to the induction end of the
cylinder, and whereby the inductive action of the water, in circulating, operates to
draw in an additional supply of water, and by-passes having reversely-arranged check
valves, affording communicating around said injectors, substantially as described.
13. The combination with the cylinder, piston, and supply and circulating pipe or
pipes of a hydraulic elevator, of an injector through which the water passes in
entering the induction end of the cylinder, and which also communicates with a
supply of water under less pressure than the water entering the cylinder, and a
valve (0) controlling the flow of water through the induction nozzle, and controlled
by the pressure in the eduction end of the cylinder, substantially as described.
14. The combination with the cylinder, piston, supply pipe, and main valve of a
liydraulic elevator, of an injector located in said pipe, a by-pass affording communi-
cation around said injector, and a valve controlling said by-pass, and operated in
conjunction with the main valve, substantially as described.

page_text: 15. The combination with the cylinder, piston, circulating pipe, and main valve of
a hydraulic elevator, of an injector located in said pipe, a by-pass affording
communication around said injector, and a valve controlling said by-pass, and operated
in conjunction with the main valve, substantially as described.
Dated this 5th day of November 1889.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.