PRODUCING BLANK MAPS AND PROJECTIONS IN RELIEF FOR TEACHING PURPOSES
Year: 1885

page_text: WILLIAM STANFIELD BROOK, No. 68, Hospital Street, Birmingham Teacher
does hereby declare the nature of his invention for PRODUCING BLANK MAPS
AND PROJECTIONS IN RELIEF FOR TEACHING PURPOSES to be as follows:-
The outline of a map is cut out in sheet metal or other material, and brazed,
soldered, or otherwise fastened upon a plate of similar material as a support; a
sheet of writing or printing paper is placed upon the said raised outline, and both
submitted to pressure, the outline is thus embossed on the paper, which can be
traced in pencil or iuk as desired. The Map Projections in Blank, Relief are
produced from a similarly superimposed perforated metal plate, or plate of other
material, so cut as to show the direction, or points of crossings, of lines of latitude
and longitude-Rivers are represented by grooves punched or cut in, and ranges of
mountains by strings of metal fastened upon, the said plate.

page_text: Blank Maps and Projections in Relief for Teaching Purposes.
I, WILLIAM STANFIELD BROOK, late of 68 Hospital Street, but now of
No 7, 60 court, Sumnier Lane, Birmingham, in' the county of Warwick Publisher
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for BLANK MAPS AND PROJECTIONS
IN RELIEF FOR TEACHING PURPOSES and in what manner the saine is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention has for its object the assisting of pupils in learning to draw
maps &c, particularly useful in their first attempts, and consists in blank maps and
projections, geographical or otherwise in relief, principally adapted for use in
elementary and other schools.
I prepare blocks or moulds hereinafter more fully described, and place upon
their surfaces sheets of paper, then, bring pressure to bear upon such paper upon
the block or impression, so that the marks, lines, or other figures upon the said
block or impression are transferred to and upon the paper by raised parts or
depressions as the case may be. For instance the outline of any map together
with or without certain other forms or marks, (which forms or marks may be
altered at any time to suit pleasure or fancy) denoting lakes, mountains, rivers,
towns, battlefields, longitudinal, or latitudinal lines, or other objects or places that
may be desired to indicate their position, is cut out or otherwise formed in metal,
paste board, card board, or any other suitable material, and then where necessary
brazed, soldered, pasted, gummed or otherwise fastened upon a piece (generally
flat) of the same or other suitable material which serves as a ground or support,
or, these blocks or moulds may be prepared by engraving, embossing, stamping,
etching, or any other similar process, and either used themselves in order to produce
the blank maps upon the paper, or, other blocks may be moulded or cast therefrom
and used in their stead.
In order to assist in describing and making this my said invention more clearly
understood I have appended hereunto a sheet of drawings whereon are figures and
letters of reference.
Fig. shews a method that would be generally adopted in the case of a
geographical map; but here I would have it distinctly understood that the blank
map presented to the pupil and according to this my invention, would not be
printed, but simply marked or embossed and generally (according to circumstances)
not even sufficiently clear and sharp whereby he may draw thereon the represented
map, but only to serve as a guide, so that with the atlas, or other copy or pattern
before him as usual, the blank form shall serve to keep him somewhat true to the
correct form.
From experience I find it important in young pupils that even their first
attempts should be associated with general correct forms, as thereby the first
impressions upon the mind receives approximately correct ideas of shape &c, and
remain, whereas generally the pupil in his first attempts makes a form very
different indeed to the copy; and although progress is ultimately secured, still it is

page_text: much more slow, inasmuch as these successive wrong impressions of form have to
be obliterated in order to secure such progress.
Such marks as shewn at a, would represent the outline of a map or other form;
b might represent rivers, which may be made easily distinguishable from the
outline by their tree like shape and reducing in thickness towards their rise,
c might represent the position of county borders, & mountains, e towns, &c.
Again, in order to assist the pupil in printing or writing the names or titles of
his maps &c I may mark lines, or a parallel form as shewn at f in order to form a
guide as to position and size of letters, as for instance it would be intended that
upon mark f1 the word "Cheshire" as shewn at F 2 should be made. g indicates
the positions upon the sides of the map where the longitudinal and latitudinal lines
should commence or terminate.
Fig. 2 shews a method whereby the preparatory steps to drawing a map by first
producing the longitudinal and latitudinal lines; the somewhat rectangular forms h,
being raised or depressed, and thereby indicating that lines drawn along their
edges, and on to each other would determine the (approximate at any rate) true
position of such lines.
Although I have chosen a geographical map and description in order to explain
this my said invention still it will be readily seen that it is equally applicable to
other forms of drawing including Astronomical, Animal, Model, Architectural,
Landscape &c.
.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st. Blank maps or forms for the purpose of assisting or guiding pupils or others
in the production of maps or other figures.
2nd. The production of such blank maps or forms in the manner hereinstated
and shewn upon the drawings or any mere modification of the same.
CHAS. T. POWELL,
Agent for the Applicant.