IMPROVEMENTS IN UNIVERSAL QUICK FILTERS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frank Wirth, of the Firm of Wirth and Company, Patent
Solicitors, at Frankfort-on-the-Maine, in the Empire of Germany, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN UNIVERSAL QUICK FILTERS." A communication
from Lorenz Adalbert Enzinger, Engineer, of Worms, in the Empire of
Germany
Sealed the 28th January 1879, and dated the 31st July 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frank Wirth at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st July 1878.
FRANK WIRTH, of the Firm of Wirth and Company, Patent Solicitors, at
Frankfort-on-the-Main, in the Empire of Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN UNIVERSAL
QUICK FILTERS." [A communication from Lorenz Adalbert Enzinger, Engineer,
of Worms, in the Empire of Germany.]
My Invention relates to a new and improved filter apparatus by means of which
any liquid can be mechanically cleared, and all atmospheric air can be excluded
from the same. Even effervescent liquids can be thereby filtered without losing
their gases.
The working of the said apparatus is as follows, that is to say:-The liquid to be
filtered is forced up from below through channels formed by the filter frames to
collecting chamber, also forined by the said filter frames. On its way through the
filter sheets it is purified until at last it flows away.
The said apparatus chiefly consists of a series of frames, each divided by a sheet
of paper and placed in framework, whose peculiar construction is herein-after
described.
The frames are either provided with sieves or lattice filling.
The sieve frames are made of metal or wood, and the sieves are held at proper
distances apart by rods, thus forming a space, which is connected by small canals
with a round opening.

page_text: The lattice frame is generally cast in tin, but can be made of any other suitable
material. In these frames a hollow space is obtained between the lattice bars, the
spaces being all connected by a central space.
These frames are placed in framework, consisting of a floor plate provided with
two large canals, four perpendicular corner rods, and four side rods. There is a head
plate, which can be moved vertically, and which is provided with two large canals.
The said rods are provided with screw nuts at their upper ends, by means of which
the head plate can be screwed down. The nuts on the side rods are provided with
a groove, in which a wedge attached to the head plate fits. It will thus be seen
that on turning the nuts to the left the head plate will be lifted.
The large canal in the foot plate is connected with a stop-cock, and the sinall
canal on the other hand is connected with a smaller cock. The large canals in the
head plate are also connected with cocks. The canals are connected by the openings
in the frames, which are placed one above the other.
In order to place the frames in the framework the front rod is removed and the
frames pushed in. A metal gauge vertically movable on one of the rods serves to
fit the frames exactly one over the other.
The filter frames are placed in the framework in such a manner that the canals in
the bottom frame are to the right, with the next to the left, and so on so that they
are alternately right and left.
Between each frame filter paper is placed of the same shape as the filter frame.
It will be understood that any other suitable material can be used in place of
paper.
When all of the said frames are in their places the head plate is screwed down,
and the paper between the filter frames acting as packing, the apparatus is fit
for use.
If a non-effervescent liquid is to be filtered a pipe is screwed to the cock which
conducts the liquid into the canal; from this canal it passes through the holes of
the filter frames, which by their alternate position open into the canal; it then
filters through the paper into the intermediate frames, and thus into the collecting
channel, and thence can be conducted away through the cock provided for this
purpose.
During filtration the unfiltered liquid can be sampled by one cock and the liquid
filtered by another cock.
When effervescent liquids are filtered I use an improved carbonic acid gas
apparatus, which is provided with a ball enclosing a float and valve, and with
other parts, operating as herein described.
The carbonic acid gas escaping from the liquid at the commencement of the
operation and the air contained in the apparatus collected and passed into a ball,
and thence through a valve and pipe into a canal in the head plate, where it is taken
up by the filtered fluid.
When the carbonic acid gas has passed into the said canal the unfiltered liquid
enters by the same way into the ball, and lifts a float and valve enclosed within the
ball, thus closing the said valve and preventing its own passage into the canal.
Should carbonic acid gas collect during the filtration it will force the liquid out of
the ball until the float falls and opens the valve, letting out the gas into the said
canal; as soon, however, as any considerable quantity of liquid has entered the said
ball the float will again close the valve.
Valves are provided to disconnect and clean the said carbonic acid gas apparatus.

page_text: cock p, Figures 1 and 2; the canal f¹, Figure 16, in the head plate is connected
with the small cock p¹, and the canal g₁ with the cock q¹, Figures 1, 2, 3. The
canals and f¹, and also the canals g and g¹, are connected by the openings fll
and g, Figure 16, in the frames, which when placed one above the other form the
canals.
In order to place the frames in the framework the front rod n¹1, Figures 1, 3,
and 16, is removed, and the frames are pushed in. The metal gauge y vertically
movable on the rod m, Figure 1, serves to fit the frames exactly one over the
other.
The filter frames, Figure 5 or 10, are placed in the framework in such a manner
that the canals e, e, in the bottom frame are to the right, with the next to the left,
and so on, so that they are alternately right and left.
Between the frame a filter paper is placed of the same shape as the filter frame,
Figure 16. It will be understood that any other suitable material can be used in
place of paper.
When all of the said frames are in their place the head plate is screwed down,
and the paper between the filter frames acting as packing, the said apparatus is
ready for use.
If a non-effervescent liquid is to be filtered a pipe is screwed into the tap q,
Figures 1, 2, and 3, which conducts the liquid into the canal f, f", f¹, Figure 16;
from this canal it passes through the holes e, e, of those filter frames which by
reason of their alternate position open alternately into the canal, as shewn; it
then filters through the paper into the intermediate frames, and thus into the
collecting channel g, g¹¹, g¹, Figure 16, and thence can be conducted away through
the cock q¹, Figures 1, 2, 3, as desired.
During filtration the unfiltered liquid can be sampled by the cock p', Figures 1
and 3, and the filtered liquid by the cock p, Figures 1 and 2.
When effervescent liquids are filtered the carbonic acid gas apparatus represented
in section in Figure 4 is used.
The carbonic acid gas escaping from the liquid at the commencement of the
operation and the air contained in the apparatus collect at f1, Figure 16, and pass
therefrom through s', Figure 16, 8 and 11, Figure 4, into the ball t, Figures 1, 2, 3,
and 4, and thence through the valve u" and pipe u, Figures 2, 3, 4, and 16, into
the canal g in the head plate, where it is taken up by the filtered fluid.
When the carbonic acid gas has passed from f' to g¹, Figure 16, the unfiltered
liquid enters by the same way into the ball t, Figure 4, and lifts the ball w and
valve v, thus closing the latter and preventing its own passage into the canal g¹,
Figure 16.
Should carbonic acid gas collect during the filtration it will force the liquid out
of the ball until the ball float w falls and opens the valve, allowing the gas to
escape into the pipe u, and thence into the canal g', Figure 16. As soon however
as any considerable quantity of liquid has entered the ball t the float will again
close the said valve.
The valves 2, 21, Figures 2 and 3, and x, x¹, Figures 3, 4, serve to disconnect and
clean the carbonic acid gas apparatus.
Having thus fully described the said Invention and the manner of performing
the same, I wish it understood that I claim,-
First. The filter frames represented in Figures 5 to 9 with sieves on both sides,
and the holes connecting the hollow space c with the opening f", as above set
forth.
Second. The lattice filter frame represented in Figures 10 to 14 in combination
with the holes e, e, as above set forth.
Third. The filter frames, as represented in Figures 5 to 9, or in Figures 10 to 14,
in combination with a sheet of filter paper or other suitable material placed between
them, as and for the purpose specified.
Fourth. The floor plate h with the canals and f, and the head plate h¹ with
canals and f, constructed and combined as above set forth.

page_text: Fifth. The floor plate and the head plate in combination with the canals ₤11
and g, formed by the filter frames placed one upon the other, as above set
forth.
Sixth. The arrangement of the filter frames in the press frame in such a manner
that the liquid contained in the canal f" can only enter the canal gll by passing
through the aforesaid filtering material placed between each filter frame.
Seventh. The floor plate h and head plate h¹ in combination with the rods n, n¹,
n", n, and m, m¹, m, ml, with their screws and nuts serving to hold the filter
frames in the press frame, as above set forth.
Eighth. Providing the said apparatus with the gauge piece and the sampling
cocks, as and for the purposes above set forth.
Ninth. The carbonic gas apparatus represented in Figure 4 with ports, ball t,
canals 8 and u, valve u, float w, with valve and the taps z, z¹, and x, x¹, com-
bined and arranged as and for the purposes specified.
Tenth. The carbonic acid gas apparatus, as shewn in Figure 4, in combination
with a filter, as described and shewn, and for the purpose specified.
Eleventh. The rods n and nuts n' with grooves n*, in combination with the
wedges and head plate h¹, as and for the purpose specified.
Twelfth. The filter as above described and represented in the accompanying
Drawings, either with or without the carbonic gas apparatus.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frank Wirth, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Twentieth day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-nine.
FRANK WIRTH. (L.S.)

page_text: No text detected.