matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR REGULATING THE MOVEMENTS OF STEAM ENGINES THAT THEY NEVER CAN DEVIATE FROM THE SPEED REQUIRED
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Amand Beniest at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th February
1867.
I, AMAND BENIEST, of the City of Ghent, in the Kingdom of Belgium, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GOVERNORS FOR REGULATING THE MOVEMENTS OF STEAM ENGINES THAT THEY NEVER
CAN DEVIATE FROM THE SPEED REQUIRED," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in governors for regulating
the movements of steam engines that they never can deviate from the speed
required. For this purpose the engine to be regulated is caused by suitable
gear to give motion to a chain pulley, round which an endless chain passes,.
and the same chain also passes around another pulley which is geared with, au
escapement wheel, retained by an escapement like that of a clock, so that it
can rotate only tooth by tooth at a speed which is regulated by the length of
the pendulum connected with the escapement, or it may be by other similar
regulator. The endless chain hangs quite loosely between the two pulleys,
and on the chain between them there rides a third pulley which is plain or
has no chain teeth upon it, and to this pulley a weight is attached.. The
rotation of the chain pulley which is driven by the engine winds up the slack
of the chain between the two chain pulleys and tends to raise the weight. The
rotation of the other chain pulley is caused by the weight hanging upon it, and

page_text: tends to lower the weight at the speed that the pendulum or regulator permits.
Thus then if the chain pulley driven by the engine revolves faster than that which
is controlled by the pendulum or regulator the weighted pulley rises, or if
slower then it descends. By suitable connections the weighted pulley is caused
to give motion to the throttle valve or other controlling gear of the engine.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS. EMPLOYED IN ATHLETIC EXERCISES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Prangley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
February 1867.
I, WILLIAM PRANGLEY, of Salisbury, in the County of Wilts, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS.
EMPLOYED IN ATHLETIC EXERCISES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus employed in
athletic exercises.
In constructing and combining apparatus according to this Invention two
fixed uprights are used, which may be the two side posts of a door or a gate,
or they may be fixed for the special purpose of this Invention; these uprights
are required to be of greater height than the persons exercising between them..
Across from upright to upright are two horizontal bars which can readily
be placed and retained at any desired height from the ground according to the
height of the person who for the time is taking exercise, the ends of such
cross bars being received in brackets or sockets fixed or secured to the two
uprights. One of these cross bars is for the hands of the person exercising;
from the other cross bar two stirrups are suspended by elastic vulcanized springs,
with handles of a strength of elasticity adapted in each case to the person
who for the time is using the apparatus. By means of apparatus combined.
as above described, persons using the same may derive great benefit in various.
ways as a chest expander, increased freedom in the action of the lungs being
promoted and secured by it, also as an exerciser of the muscles of the chest,

page_text: arms, and shoulders. Used as a pedal gymnast or substitute for walking, it
removes stiffness from the ancle, knee, and hip joints, imparting flexibility and
strength to them as well as to the muscles of the legs, thighs, back, and loins,
whilst more efficient exercise may thus be taken in. a few minutes than can
be obtained by a walk during a like time, and this too in a most agreeable
way.
IMPROVE. MENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS, AND IN CARTRIDGES FOR THE SAME
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Haschke at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th February
1867. A communication from abroad by Leon Lamblin, Christian
Lenders, and Toussaint Theate, all of Liege, Belgium.
I, HENRY HASCHKE, of Watling Street, in the City of London, Commission
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS, AND IN CARTRIDGES FOR THE SAME," to be
as follows:-
This Invention consists, first, in exploding the charge in breech-loading
fire-arms by means of a pin acting perpendicularly as hereafter described;
secondly, in the combination of parts of fire-arms as hereafter described; and
thirdly, in constructing cartridges for these guns as hereafter described.
The exploding pin is preferably of tapered form; the upper end is con-
nected to an enlarged semi-spherical piece, and the top of the barrel is
perforated to allow the pin to enter the cartridge chamber, while a recess is
formed for the enlarged piece. The enlarged piece carrying the pin is con-
nected to the end of a spring plate, which in its normal position keeps the pin
raised clear of the cartridge chamber, but when the trigger is pulled the
hammer comes down upon the spring plate and drives the pin into the cartridge
so as to explode the charge; or instead of the pin being connected to a spring
plate it may be connected to the hammer itself. The other parts of the arm
consist of a breech chamber and a breech closer or bolt, which is drawn back
to allow a cartridge to be inserted into the chamber, and the cartridge being

page_text: pushed forward into the barrel by the closer itself in its forward movement.
The closer has a groove cut in it of shape, into which a spring pin takes as
the closer is moved to the left and then back after the explosion of a charge,
and again forward and to the right when a fresh cartridge has been inserted.
The closer has a hook at its front end to draw back the empty case or base
of the cartridge, which is then detached from the hook by a spring pin or
projection in the bottom of the chamber.
The cartridges to be used with these guns are made with the priming or
fulminate in an annular space between an outer case of brass, paper, or other
suitable material and a central pin or cylindrical block. The exploding pin
is forced transversely through the outer case and against the central pin or
block.
In- PROVEMENTS IN SECURING THE TYRES OF RAILWAY ENGINE AND CARRIAGE WHEELS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Octavius Butler at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th December
1867.
I, JOHN OCTAVIUS BUTLER, of the Kirkstall Forge Company, Leeds, in the
County of York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN SECURING THE TYRES OF RAILWAY ENGINE AND CARRIAGE WHEELS,"
to be as follows :-
My Invention consists in an improved mode of bending or turning over
the projecting lip rolled on the tyre, as described in the Specification of
Letters Patent granted to William Brookes on the 7th day of October 1859,
No. 2286. In the said Specification the projecting lip of the tyre is heated
at intervals and turned over the spoke ring in small sections by hand labor.
Now my Invention consists in turning over the lip whilst in a cold state or
semi-cold state in a vertical or horizontal table or lathe. The spoke ring
with the tyre on it are secured to the table or face plate of the lathe, and a
suitable revolving or other tool fixed in a powerful rest is pressed against the
lip by screw or other pressure. The lip of the tyre is or may be heated by a .
jet or jets of gas thrown against it as the tyre revolves, or it may be done by
pressure in a hydraulic or other press whilst the tyre is in a cold or semi-cold

page_text: state, jets of gas still being used if necessary, the tyre being stationary or
revolving or having an upwards or downwards motion, the hydraulic or other
pressure being upwards or downwards or revolving. By this means time and
labor are economised, and the tyre is more securely united to the spoke ring
or central part of the wheel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL BELLS AND IN MOUNTING THE SAME
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Farmer and Thomas
Balmforth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 29th March 1867.
We, BENJAMIN FARMER and THOMAS BALMFORTH, of Barrow in Furness,
in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL BELLS AND IN MOUNTING
THE SAME," to be as follows:-
.This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of steel
bells and in mounting the same. We forge from an ingot of Bessemer or
other cast steel a form similar to that of a bell but with a hole at the top,
and having by hammering with tools of suitable shape brought the bell
approximately to the form desired we turn it in a lathe and bore two small
holes through it on opposite sides close to the top; we then harden the steel
by heating it and cooling it more or less suddenly. The bell is suspended
for use on a knife-edged bar passed through the two side holes, and this
bar is supported by a loop passing down through the larger hole at the top
of the bell, and to this loop also the clapper is hang. In some cases we form
for use as bells, rings or hoops by rolling ingots of Bessemer or other cast
steel and then hardening them. The section we prefer is represented in the
margin
The rings or hoops are supported on a girder passing
through them; on the girder there is for each ring or hoop a conical pro-

page_text: jection the apex of which is lodged in a slight recess in the interior of the
The hammers strike upwards
Handles may conveniently be
then draw down the hammers,
ring or hoop and in the centre of its width.
against the under sides of the rings or hoops.
employed to work the hammers. The handles
and springs throw them up against the under side of the rings or hoops, when
the handles are released. The rings or hoops may be bent to any desired
form, or coiled bars may be substituted for the rings or hoops.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAGNETO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th April 1867.-A communication from abroad by Joseph Nicolas
Maximilien Van Malderen, of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MAGNETO-ELECTRIC MACHINES," a communication to me
from abroad by Joseph Nicolas Maximilien Van Malderen, of Paris, in the
Empire of France, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of
magneto-electic machines whereby the number of electro-magnets is reduced,
facility is afforded for their accurate concentric adjustment to the permanent
fixed magnets, and a lower speed of rotation is required; bence undue
heating of the parts by friction is avoided, and less power is required to work
the machine.
The essential feature which constitutes this Invention consists in sub-
stituting for the ordinary bobbins or coils forming the electro-magnets long
coils extending the full width of the machine, the cores of such coils consisting
of a series of parallel longitudinal bars of a T section, over which the wire
is coiled longitudinally; these cores are secured by screws or otherwise to
supporting discs keyed on to the ends and middle of the main shaft of the
machine. The permanent magnets may be fixed in the ordinary manner to
wooden cross bars extending between and attached to the opposite side

page_text: standards of the machine, and between the adjoining magnets filling pieces
are inserted so as to leave a slight intervening space between one magnet and
its neighbours. The electro-magnets revolve in front of the extremities of the
ermanent magnets, and are adjusted so as to ensure their revolving at a
uniform distance from the permanent magnets by suitably adjusting the
bearings in which the spindle rotates. These bearings consist of oil boxes,
which are kept supplied with lubricating material in order to prevent any
undue heating of the bearings. The currents of electricity produced may be
collected by any suitable arrangement of commutator. This machine is well
adapted for use on shipboard for the production of the electric light as it is
not affected by the rolling of the ship.
IMPROVE, MENTS IN ROTARY PUMPS FOR RAISING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Bewley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd August
1867.
I, RICHARD BEWLEY, junior, of Uttoxeter, in the County of Stafford,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE,
MENTS IN ROTARY PUMPS FOR RAISING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists in the construction and arrangement of the parts in
the manner herein-after described.
The case within which the revolving disc or impeller works for the purpose
of forcing the water or other liquid admitted at its central part out through
its circumference as required is constructed with an annular groove or space
adapted to receive an annular ring, which is formed round the circumference
of the revolving disc, the outer and inner circumferences of which ring and
the parts of the case in which the same works are turned and bored to a truly
cylindrical form. By this means a practically water-tight joint is obtained
without the risk of undue friction from the contact of the working parts.
The parts of the case on each side of the groove or annular space in which
the disc revolves (in which parts are formed the passages for admitting the
water into the disc at its central part, and those for delivering it therefrom at
its circumference,) are respectively furnished with radial partitions in order to
prevent loss of power in giving rotary motion to the water. The case is also
constructed with one moveable side in order to admit of the disc being taken
out of the case and reinserted as required without the necessity of disconnecting

page_text: the pump from its supply and delivery pipes; this moveable side is provided
with a stuffing box through which the shaft of the revolving disc works. The
revolving disc is constructed as above stated with a ring adapted to fit and
work in a corresponding cylindrical space formed in the case, and as the
requisite water passages formed in such ring instead of being made as usual
to extend from the circumference to near the centre of the disc, and these
water passages formed in the ring have an involute or other suitable curvature
adapted to coincide as nearly as practicable with the direction of motion of
the ends of the passages; these passages through the ring of the disc are made
of an uniform cross section throughout, and they are proportioued in area to
the quantity of water and the height to which it is required to be raised by
the pump, also the speed at which the pump is to be worked. The pump
may be constructed so as to be capable of admitting the water or other liquid
⚫to be raised either at one side only. or at both sides, and the outlet may be
placed at any convenient part of the case. The pump may also be arranged
for the revolving disc or impeller to work either vertically or horizontally,
and it may be supplied with a suction pipe and foot valve, or it may be
fixed below the level of the water to be raised, thereby dispensing with a foot
valve.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC CORDS OR BANDS APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS PURPOSES, SUCH AS POR DRIVING BANDS, BLIND CORDS, AND OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES IN WHICH A CERTAIN DEGREE OF ELASTICITY IS REQUIRED
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Archibald Turner at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th April
1867.
I, ARCHIBALD TURNER, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester, Elastic
Web Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC CORDS OR BANDS APPLICABLE
TO VARIOUS PURPOSES, SUCH AS POR DRIVING BANDS, BLIND CORDS, AND OTHER
ANALOGOUS PURPOSES IN WHICH A CERTAIN DEGREE OF ELASTICITY IS REQUIRED,"
to be as follows:-
Cords or bands for the above or other analogous purposes have usually been
formed of non-elastic strands, so that the cord is incapable of stretching except
to a very moderate extent.
The object of the present Invention is to introduce into the cord or band at
intervals during its manufacture elastic threads or strands of india-rubber, so
that the cord or band may be rendered sufficiently elastic for the intended
purpose. The introduction of the elastic or india-rubber strands takes place
when preparing the internal portion or "gut" of the cord or band (before
being covered), and is effected by linking or looping the elastic strands on to
or into the non-elastic strands so as to form a "gut" composed at parts of
non-elastic strands and at other parts of elastic strands. The junction of these

page_text: two different kinds of strands is effected by linking the ends of the one into
the ends of the other so as to produce a junction thus
and connect the two kinds of strand together without making a knot. The
internal cord or "gut" thus made is to be covered in the ordinary manner by
braiding, and a cord or band, partly elastic and partly non-elastic, but of the
same appearance externally throughout, will thus be formed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING MOTIVE POWER TO SAW FRAMES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Robinson, of Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, and John Smith, of the same Place, Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING MOTIVE POWER TO SAW
FRAMES."
Sealed the 16th August 1867, and dated the 21st February 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Robinson and John
Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 21st February 1867.
We, JOHN ROBINSON, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
and JOHN SMITH, of the same Place, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPLYING MOTIVE POWER TO SAW
FRAMES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to those saw frames which are driven by the direct
action of steam or air, and consists, firstly, in so regulating the motion of the
valves of such steam or air cylinders or their laps that the induction passage
is open before the piston has completed its stroke, and the said fluid therefore
opposes the piston, and acts as a cushion for it to abut against.
Secondly, our Invention relates to a method of giving motion to such
valves as aforesaid. For this purpose we employ a weighted tumbler mounted

page_text: on a shaft which is connected by suitable levers and links to the saw frame;
this tumbler being caused to vibrate acts alternately upon studs which are
thus caused to move to and fro and shift the slide valve. The aforesaid studs
we make adjustable, and thus give the valve more or less throw. The com-
munication between the saw frame and the tumbler we make adjustable by a
slotted lever.
According to another method of giving motion to the said valves, we
employ as before a link connected to the saw frame at one end, and adapted
at the other by a centre pin to a slot, within which the said pin can slide; to
this link is jointed another which is connected to an arm turning upon a fixed
centre and carrying the rod of the slide valve. As the saw frame moves
upward and downward the centre pin of the link carried thereby moves in the
above-mentioned slot, and we make this centre pin adjustable in order to
determine the motion of the valve. Within the steam ports we place throttle
valves, by which means the flow of steam to the cylinder may be regulated at
'pleasure.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING THE MORE EFFECTUAL OBLITERATION OF POSTAGE AND OTHER STAMPS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Warden at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents,. with his Petition, on the 18th July
1867.
I, WILLIAM WARDEN, of 15, Ellison Street, Gateshead-on-Tyne, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SECURING
THE MORE EFFECTUAL OBLITERATION OF POSTAGE AND OTHER STAMPS," to be as
follows:-
Postage and other labels may be coated with a solution of isinglass, gum,
collodion, or other material in such manner that the obliterating ink as at
present used may be washed off from or with such coating and the label made
available again; and the object of my Invention is to provide such an
improved system of obliteration as will more effectually secure the obliteration
of the label or the detection of any such coating if its exists. And my
Invention consists in preparing the label with a chemical material in the
substance of the label itself, and using another chemical material in a more or
less colourless obliterating solution, the union of which chemicals will instantly
produce a distinct colour or have a blackening effect, as is well understood,
and which effect would not be produced excepting by such union, and conse-
quently not if an impervious material be interposed between the two chemicals
which would be thereby detected.
It is evident that many chemical substances are available, for the purposes
of my Invention; such, for instance, as acetate of lead with sulphuret of sodium
or iodide of potassium and starch with nitric acid, or prussiate of iron with

page_text: caustic soda, or potash, or blue or red litmus, with an acid or an alkali, or
prussiate of iron with, a mixture of caustic soda and prussiate of iron; so that
I do not confine myself to the use of any particular chemicals; but what I
claim is, the improvement in securing the more effectual obliteration of
postage and other stamps, and the more ready detection of those having a
material thereon impervious to the present system of obliteration, substantially
by the means I have described.
Iм- PROVEMENTS IN CHIMNEY TOPS FOR THE PREVENTION OF SMOKY CHIMNEYS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Daniel Sutcliffe Chater at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th.
January 1867.
I, DANIEL SUTCLIFFE CHATER, of Blackawton Vicarage, in the County of
Devon, Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN CHIMNEY TOPS FOR THE PREVENTION OF SMOKY CHIMNEYS," to be
as follows:-
My Invention relates to the application of a double coned surface and a
surrounding cylinder to the tops of chimneys, whereby to prevent down
draughts, and at all times maintaining a free escape for the smoke from the
chimney top; I apply this double coned surface to revolving cowls in which
the smoke emerges in a horizontal direction, and also to fixed chimney tops
from which the smoke escapes in a vertical or horizontal direction. The
escape openings of chimney tops are usually circular, and I make the additions
to be applied thereto according to my Invention also circular in accordance
therewith and of about the same diameter; the one part as before indicated is
in the form of a double cone of metal or other material, the apex of the one
points towards the centre and just enters the orifice of the chimney pot, or
nearly so, while the other points in the opposite direction; it is fixed in.
position by three stays (more or less) near the periphery, each of three or four

page_text: inches in length, but which will be regulated somewhat according to the incline
of the cone, and therefore leaving that amount of space between it and the
mouth of the cowl or chimney pot; surrounding the escape opening between
the chimney pot and the cone is disposed a cylinder open at each end and
extending down on the chimney pot some five inches to which it is fixed, and
upwards to about three inches above the double cone. In whichever direction
the wind strikes this top it is thrown off and prevented entering the chimney;
this top at same time provides a free escape for the smoke which will either
be upwards at the open top of the surrounding cylinder or downwards through
the space between it and the chimney pot; I vary the form of this double
cone to suit the shape of the escape opening from the chimney top, if, for
instance, this is square I make the tapered and surrounding additions also of
like form. The form of the surrounding cylinder may also be varied, for
instance, contracted towards the top, rendering it of cylindro-conical form or
otherwise, an additional double cone above the cylinder and highest part of the
chimney top may also be added. Instead of a double cone a single cone might
be substituted, having the apex pointing towards the smoke aperture, but with
a less beneficial effect than the double cone before described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR PREVENTING AND REMOVING INCRUSTATION IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Ross and Alfred Long at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on tho
17th December 1867.
We, WILLIAM Ross, of No. 1, Grove Street, Walworth, and ALFRED LONG,
of No. 3, Aylesbury Terrace, Walworth, both in the County of Surrey, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS
FOR PREVENTING AND REMOVING INCRUSTATION IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as
follows:-
In carrying out the improvements in means for preventing and removing
incrustation in steam boilers we boil the parings of horse's hoofs in water, say
in the proportion of about 14 lbs. of parings to 10 gallons of water kept boiling
for about 5 hours. To this we add, say, about 7 gallons of liquid from tan pits,
also 25 lbs. of leather scraps, also 10 lbs. of carrageen or Irish moss, or other
matter having similar properties; also we add about 14 lbs. of potatoes, and
about 5 lbs. of slough or the oily or internal matter of horns, and about 1 lb. of
sumach. We form the above into a paste, jelly, or solid composition, and apply
it in the proportion of one pound per nominal horse power per month, more or
less. We do not confine ourselves to the proportions stated, as they may be
varied, nor to the use of all the ingredients, or to the form of them stated, and in
some cases we extract the valuable qualities and employ them in a liquid form.
AN IMPROVED EGG BEATER, THE SAME BEING APPLICABLE FOR MIXING LIQUORS AND FOR OTHER LIKE PURPOSES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Brown at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th May
1867. A communication from abroad by Howard Tilden, of Boston,
Massachusetts, United States of America.
I, THOMAS BROWN, of No. 96, Newgate Street, in the City of London,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED EGG BEATER, THE SAME BEING APPLICABLE FOR MIXING LIQUORS AND FOR
OTHER LIKE PURPOSES," a communication, to be as follows:-
The nature of the said Invention consists chiefly in the employment within
a tube or case of a series of inclined or spirally arranged beaters which when
the contents of the said tube are agitated or shaken will revolve rapidly around
a central axis and thoroughly beat and mix the said contents.
The tube or case is formed of tin or other suitable metal, and is provided
with a tightly fitting lid or cover which may be easily removed to allow the
said tube to be filled or emptied. The beaters are by preference arranged to
revolve in one plane upon a central axis or spindle, which is fitted to turn
freely in bearings formed in removable cross pieces or brackets which fit the
inside of the tube. The said beaters are advantageously constructed by forming
a circular disc of tin or other suitable metal and dividing the same radially
into the desired number of blades which are twisted or bent to the proper
angle; the central part of the said disc which is left solid is then soldered or
otherwise securely attached to the spindle. The disc may be fitted to turn
upon a stud or pin attached to a short inner tube which is closed at its upper

page_text: end, and is made to fit the inside of the outer tube or case in such a manner
as to be readily removable from the said case when desired. The beaters may
also be formed of separate strips or studs and arranged in a spiral direction
from end to end of the spindle.
Though more especially designed for use as an egg beater this apparatus
may be advantageously employed for mixing liquors and for other like purposes.
The substance to be beaten or mixed is introduced into the tube, and the
cover or lid being closed the apparatus is shaken or moved rapidly to and fro
endwise; this movement causes the contents to act on the spiral blades or
beaters and impart thereto the desired rotary motion.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SAFES FOR CONTAINING ARTICLES OF VALUE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Alfred Cowper at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
August 1867.
I, EDWARD ALFRED COWPER, of No. 354, Great George Street, Westminster,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SAFES FOR CONTAINING ARTICLES OF
VALUE," to be as follows:-
I construct the body of the safe of wrought iron or wrought iron and steel
rolled and combined in one plate, or if preferred the safe so formed of wrought
iron, or of wrought iron and steel welded and rolled into one plate, may be
lined inside with steel in separate plates, or with iron plates or both, but
such lining forms no part of my Invention, which consists in forming safes of
wrought-iron plates welded together, or of compound plates of wrought iron.
and steel first welded together and formed into plates and then welded together
to form the safes, and I also roll such plates with a thick edge or projection,
or with a recess or rabbit to facilitate the welding up of the edges of the
plates and to prevent them from being too much cut away by the action of
the welding-fire,-which-I-prefer-to-be one blown by a blast, so that the hot
flame shall issue from a confined space or box through a hole in the brick-
work, and shall thus be made to impinge upon the edges of the plate to be

page_text: welded; I also roll such plates in some cases with a thick edge or projection
so as to avoid the necessity of fitting in a frame when I form circular or
cylindrical safes with the end to screw in, as I then cut the screw thread in
such thickened part of the plate or plates. In some cases I turn up the edges
of the plates to an angle to facilitate the welding of the plates together.
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IMPROVEMENTS IN NIGHT AND FOG SIGNAL APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING ACCIDENTS ON RAILWAYS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jules Gaudet at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th June
1867.
I, JULES GAUDET, of Gresahm Street, in the City of London, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
NIGHT AND FOG SIGNAL APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING ACCIDENTS ON RAILWAYS,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is so to arrange apparatus that the signalman
(in case of fog, or derangement of the ordinary signal apparatus or other
cause) may set up one or more lever arms or projections at suitable distances
upon the line or permanent way of a railway, such lever arms or projections
being placed in a position to act upon a lever or other instrument carried by
the locomotive or guard's van in order to communicate a signal by means
of a bell or otherwise to the driver or guard for the purpose of inducing caution
or to stop the train.
In carrying out my improvements, I connect the actuating lever (which
may be under the control of the man who works the ordinary signals) by
means of a wire or otherwise with the lever arms or projections before referred
to placed in suitable situations contiguous to stations, crossings, or other places
where caution is necessary, and the arms or projections may be so arranged
that the first movement of the actuating lever will set up the most distant arın

page_text: by which a caution signal is given, the further movement of the actuating
lever placing one or more of such projecting arms upon the line or permanent
way, so as to act upon the signal apparatus carried by the locomotive in
succession in order to stop the train.
Signal apparatus of this character will be found to act with greater certainty
than ordinary explosive fog signals placed upon the rails, in addition to being
at all times under the control of the signalman, who can employ such signals
either in combination with the ordinary signals or independently thereof.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN HEATING WATER FOR FEEDING THE BOILERS OF CONDENSING STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Kenyon Barnes at the Office or
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th March
1867.
I, KENYON BARNES, of Clowes, near Rawtenstall, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HEATING WATER FOR FEEDING THE BOILERS OF CONDENSING STEAM
ENGINES," to be as follows:-
I enlarge the area of the ordinary exhaust pipe or passage between the
cylinder and condenser of a condensing steam engine, and place in the interio
of the said pipe or passage a shell with a central bore, there being at the top
and bottom of the shell openings and cocks for the supply and exit of water.
The bore in the shell, and the space between the shell and pipe, form the
passages for the exhaust steam passing from the cylinder to the condenser,
and when cold water is forced into one end of the shell it becomes heated
before it arrives at the other end by the exhaust steam passing through the
bore and space, and it is this heated water with which I feed the boilers.
It will be seen these improvements procure the advantage of supplying the
boilers with heated water, and at the same time assist in the condensation of
the steam.
AN IMPROVED COCK OR TAP
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Aaron Bradshaw at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd February
1867.
I, AARON BRADSHAW, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COCK OR
TAP," to be as follows:-
Heretofore in the construction of cocks or taps various attempts bave been
made to prevent leakage by the use of screws and washers applied to the
spindle of the plug or to a screw in connection with the plug, but inasmuch
as the spindle or the screw in connection with such plug revolved or moved
with the plug, these methods were not effectual because of the nuts and
washers constantly working loose. In other plans screws have been applied
in the interior of cocks or taps so as to admit of pressure being applied to
the top of the plug; this method is objectionable because of the complication
of parts, nor is a leakage remedied without displacing many of its parts.
In constructing cocks or taps according to my Invention I invert the barrel
(which is open at the bottom) and conical plug, that is, the larger diameter
of the tap and plug is the lower part of the cock or tap; the conical plug is
ground in" in the ordinary manner; on the bottom of the plug is a projection
or boss which is countersunk (for a purpose herein-after mentioned); a
"cap" is screwed on the bottom of the cock or tap through which is a set
screw, the end of this screw is "centred" or taper for the purpose of entering
the recess in the projection or boss on the bottom of the plug herein-before

page_text: mentioned. When the conical plug becomes worn the set screw is tightened,
the end of which bearing on the bottom of the conical plug, thus forcing the
said plug further into the barrel, bringing the surfaces into immediate contact
and thus preventing leakage; the set screw is prevented moving as the plug
is turned by means of a lock nut binding against the bottom of the cap.
The tap above described is very simple of construction, and on leakage
cccurring through wear a remedy is provided by means of the set screw which
may be applied in a few seconds whether the cock or tap be under pressure
or not, and cocks or taps so constructed will sustain a considerable pressure
(without leaking) without the ordinary stuffing box, glands, and packing,
but where desirable such may readily be applied to a recess in the upper
part of the tap in which packing may be introduced. The gland for
retaining such packing being secured by a "bonnet" which is chased or
screwed in the interior for the purpose of receiving a thread formed on the
upper part of the outside of the cock or tap, the spindle of the plug being
perfectly free from threads or nuts.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GUN BARRELS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francesco Glisenti at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th June
1867.
I, FRANCESCO GLISENTI, Manufacturer of Fire-arms, of Brescia (Italy), do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF GUN BARRELS," to be as follows:―
These improvements consist in manufacturing gun barrels by casting
in a suitable mould a strong hollow cylinder of cast steel, which is then drawn
out into a tube of the required length and size over suitable mandrils and
between suitable rollers, which tube is now put in the lathe, carefully cen-
tering it in respect to its bore, and then turning the outside true cylindrically.
The hollow cylinder thus obtained is cut into tubes of suitable length, each of
which tubes is then drawn out into a gun barrel, giving to the outside a
slightly tapering shape by passing the tubes over suitable mandrils between
rollers arranged for imparting the tapering or slightly conical shape required
for gun barrels.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Holcroft and William Dack
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
8th August 1867.
We, GEORGE HOLCROFT and WILLIAM NATHAN DACK, both of the City of
Manchester, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
The first part of our Invention relates to an improved expansion gear for
cutting off the steam in proportion to the load. The second part consists in
placing a circular or segmental expansion valve within the steam valve. And
the third relates to the governor by which the variations in the speed of the
engine are made to act on the expansion gear above referred to, or on the steam
or throttle valve. The expansion valve is moved to and fro on and by the
slide valve, and the traverse of the expansion valve is regulated by bushes
through which the spindle or coupling rod of the expansion valve passes, one
of these bushes has a right and the other has a left-hand thread; these bushes
are screwed into the boss of a pinion into which a rack moved to and fro by
the governor gears. By this arrangement any variation in the speed of the
engine causes the bushes to approach or recede from each other, consequently
the bushes act sooner or later on shoulders on the expansion valve spindle
or coupling rod, and thus vary the cut off of the steam in the proportion
required.

page_text: Our improved expansion gear may be modified by making the expansion
valve and the steam valve cylindrical, the former being within the latter, the
cut off is varied by arresting the motion of the expansion valve, and this is
again effected by the governor moving a rack gearing into a pinion, the boss
of which forms a nut for right and left-handed screws acting on shoulders on
the rod which stops the expansion valve while the steam valve continues
its traverse.
Instead of the rack and pinion above referred to the connection from the
governor may be made by levers or other equivalents: Our improvement in
governors consists in the combination of a weight to counterbalance the
centrifugal force of the balls, with arms crossing each other and suspended to
centres above the point of intersection of the arms.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN CUTTING INDIA-RUBBER, OR OTHER MATERIALS INTO STRIPS OR THREAD
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frank Crossley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th April 1867.
I, FRANK CROSSLEY, of the Firm of John M. Dunlop & Co. of Manchester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CUTTING INDIA-RUBBER, OR OTHER MATERIALS INTO STRIPS OR THREAD,"
to be as follows :-
These improvements consist in so lapping a succession of sheets on the
drum of the ordinary thread lathe that two or more knives may be made
simultaneously to act on two or more sheets instead of employing one or more
knives to act on one sheet only as usual heretofore. For this purpose in
place of lapping one sheet only around the drum, as heretofore, I lap around
the drum two or more sheets in successive layers one above the other of about
equal thickness, and the threads or strips are cut (from one end of the drum
to the other) by knives each of which cuts through all the layers of one of
the aforesaid sheets, and to all of which knives a travel or stroke is simul-
taneously given by the slide rest in which all are held, a little greater than
the thickness of one of the layers or coiled sheets. These knives are separated
by a convenient distance, and each by projecting further from the slide rest
than its leader, cuts the sheet to which it is adjusted (in the same manner as
the knife in the ordinary lathe) thus forming a series of steps from the outer
sheet to the drum. In order that none of the knives may penetrate the sheet
below the one it is intended to cut I place a fold of unvulcanized rubber or

page_text: other material between each of the sheets. Or this may be dispensed with
by adjusting the following knives to cut exactly in the track of their leader,
for which purpose the holder which fixes them to the slide rest is provided
with suitable adjustments. These arrangements apply either to self-acting
or ordinary hand lathes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD PLANING MACHINES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Horace Brandon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th July 1867. A communication from Baxter Doddridge Whitney,
of Winchendon, U. S. of America.
I, ALEXANDER HORACE BRANDON, Civil Engineer, of 13, Rue Gaillon,
Paris, in the Empire of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WOOD PLANING MACHINES," to be as
follows:-
These improvements relate to machinery for planing wood. In the first case
I place the timber to be planed on the table of a machine, and I advance it
towards a rotating cutter by means of an upper feed roller turning in fixed
bearings above the timber and a lower feed roller let in the table immediately
below the first, and beyond these rollers and above the timber I place trans-
versely a cutter running at a high velocity, on either side of which and parallel
with the same I also place guiding rollers to maintain the timber steady under
the action of the cutter. In order that the feeding rollers may adapt them-
selves to any thickness of stuff to be passed through the machine I terminate
the under edges of the table in which the lower one runs in the shape of
inclined planes, and by advancing and withdrawing horizontally two inclined
planes on which the table rests I cause it to rise and fall vertically to the
required extent. In the second case I feed the timber forward by placing it
between four rotating cylinders, two of which rest on the timber above,
whilst the two others are placed under the timber immediately below the

page_text: former, the upper being adjustable in order to accommodate themselves to the
thickness of the timber passed through the machine, and in this class of
machine I operate on the under side of the timber by means of a stationary
transverse cutter situated between the two lower cylinders, and in order to
prevent the timber from springing I mount a friction plate between the two
upper cylinders and immediately over the cutter.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MOVABLE HOODS FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER VEHICLES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Macnee at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th March
1867.
I, JAMES MACNEE, of Edinburgh, in the County of Mid-Lothian, North
Britain, Carriage Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOVABLE HOODS FOR CARRIAGES AND OTHER VEHICLES," to
be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object to dispense with the external side rods
generally fitted in connection with movable hoods of carriages and other
vehicles, and consists in applying springs. to the joints of the pillar heads,
door frames, or other principal frames or hoops of the hood through the
intervention of intermediate pieces geared by eccentrically arranged teeth to
corresponding teeth on the fittings of the joints, whereby the pressure of the
springs is sufficient to keep the hood up or closed, although the springs them-
selves are then in their most relaxed condition, whilst the pressure of the
springs is not such as to raise the hood when it is down or open.
In carrying out the Invention the metal joint fitting fixed on the movable
frame of the hood is formed with teeth which are at gradually varying
distances from the centre of the joint, the tooth or teeth in action when the
hood is up or closed being the furthest from the centre. In gear with these
teeth are correspondingly disposed teeth on the intermediate piece, which is
arranged to turn on a centre pin, and which has imparted to it a tendency to
turn by blade, coiled, or other springs applied in any convenient way. When

page_text: the hood is up or closed the teeth on the intermediate piece which are nearest
its centre gear with those teeth of the joint fitting which are furthest from the
centre of the joint, so that the spring, although then comparatively relaxed,
acts with the greatest leverage of the intermediate piece. When the hood is
down or open the longest teeth of the intermediate piece are in gear with the
shortest teeth of the joint fitting, so that the leverage is reversed, and although
the spring is then more strained it does not overcome the weight of the hood.
The parts described are all such as can be conveniently concealed within the
framework of the carriage. The eccentricities of the teeth of the joint pieces
may be proportioned so that the springs have no effective pressure until the
hood is nearly up or closed.