in distributing valves for
Year: 1886

page_text: I, ALBERT PIAT of 85 Rue Saint Maur, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained. in and
by the following statement:-
.
My invention for improvements in distributing valves for hydraulic machines
has for its object to construct a single noveable valve by means of which the
distribution of fluid to the hydraulic cylinder shall be governed; thus dispensing
with the separate stop cocks and complicated system of pipes usually employed,
simplifying the action of the machine and rendering the working more rapid.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a longitudinal section of my
improved valve.
The valve B is capable of sliding in the valve casing A and is bored centrally
throughout its length; the ends having internal coned seats which when the valve
is not working bear respectively against a conical seat H on a plug D closing one
end of the valve casing and a conical seat I on a spindle C projecting through a
gland E at the other end of the valve casing and traversed to and fro by means of
the hand wheel G and screw as clearly shown; the spindle C being prevented from
rotating by any suitable means, and being packed by the leather K. The water
under pressure is admitted to the valve casing at the end near the plug D by means.
of the pipe F and at this end the valve B consists of a cylinder provided with two
packing leathers J J' facing towards the pipe F. Between the leathers J J are
passages leading from the circumference to the central bore of valve and com-
municating through ports in the valve casing with a pipe F leading to that end of
the hydraulic cylinder through which the piston rod passes or which is opposite the
side of the piston containing the smallest area. Beyond the leather J, the diameter
of the valve B and also of the casing is reduced, a small orifice n leading from the
exterior of the valve casing to the part of the said casing where the reduction of
its internal diameter takes place so as to allow for the escape and entrance of air
during the working of the valve. The reduced part of the valve is provided with
a packing leather J" facing away from the pipe F and beyond this leather is a port
in the valve casing communicating with the exhaust pipe F. Beyond this port
the diameter of the valve is again reduced so as to form a cone seat working in

page_text: conjunction with a corresponding seat L in the casing A. Beyond the seat L is a
port in the casing communicating by means of a pipe F with the other end of the
hydraulic cylinder, that is to say, with that end of the cylinder opposite the side of
the piston containing the largest area.
It will readily be seen that if the spindle C be moved towards the right by
means of the hand wheel G, the valve B will also be forced in the same direction
by the pressure until the external cone seat bears against the seat L closing the
exhaust. On_the_continued movement of the hand wheel G, the conical_scat_I
leaves the end of the valve B and water under pressure is thus admitted to both
ends of the hydraulic cylinder through the pipes F1 F11 respectively, its piston
moving towards the side containing the least area that is towards the end con-
nected with the pipe F¹. If now by means of the spindle C, the valve B be moved
towards the left, the seat 1 first bears against the end of the valve and shuts off
the pressure from the pipe F" and then the external conical seat of the valve is
moved away from the seat L so that the pipe F" is put into communication with
the exhaust pipe F. The water under pressure still passes by the pipe F1 to the
hydraulic cylinder and causes the piston to move towards the end of the cylinder
connected with the pipe F1 by which the water is exhausted. When the work of
the machine is finished, the valve B is moved by the spindle C so that its two
internal coned seats bear respectively against the seats H and I, cutting off the
water pressure from the hydraulic cylinder and preventing the movement of the
water in the pipe F¹, thus locking the piston of, the hydraulic cylinder in its
position.
When the piston is replaced by a plunger, the tube F¹ is suppressed or plugged
up, the return stroke of the plunger being effected by a counter weight, by a
supplementary piston and cylinder or by other suitable means.
Figs. 2 show the connection of the pipes F1 F1 to the ends of the hydraulic
cylinder M, the piston N working horizontally or vertically and the working stroke
being from the end at F1 towards the end at F".
Figs. 3 show similar views to Figs. 2, the piston rod being nearly of the same
diameter as the piston and the working stroke being from the end at F1 towards
the end at F¹.
Fig. 4 shows the connection of the pipes F1 F1 and the arrangement of hydraulic
cylinder when required to work in either direction.
Fig. 5 shows the arrangement of a trunk piston or plunger, the pipe F¹ being
dispensed with or plugged up and the trunk or plunger being returned by its own
weight or in any other suitable manner.
When the pistons are fixed and the cylinders are moveable, the distributing
orifices of the pipes F1 F11 are situated on the piston rods instead of on the
hydraulic cylinders.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The construction of the moveable valve B working in the valve casing A, the
said valve B being composed of several pieces joined together and provided with
the packing leathers J J1 J1, being bored centrally throughout its length for the
passage of the water under pressure and being provided at its ends with
the internal conical seats working in conjunction with the seats H and I substan-
tially as described,
2. The construction and arrangement of the valve B and its spindle C in such a
manner that the valve B is operated from the exterior of the valve casing by the
hand wheel G through the spindle C and acts to cause the piston of the hydraulic
cylinder to be forced towards one end of the said cylinder, to cause the said piston
to be forced towards the other end of the said cylinder or to cause the said piston
to be locked in position and the supply of water under pressure to be shut off
according to the position of the said spindle C; the exhaust of the water from the

page_text: hydraulic cylinder being effected through the pipe F", between the external cone
seat on the valve B and the seat L, and by the pipe F; and the pressure of the
water being shut off when the valve B is pressed between the two seats H and I
substantially as described and shown in the drawings.
3. The construction of the valve B with the two internal coned seats working
respectively in conjunction with the fixed seat H and with the moveable seat I
operated by the hand wheel G through the spindle C and with the external conical
seat working in conjunction with the seat L on the valve casing for the exhaust of
the water from the hydraulic cylinder, the said valve being operated by the
moveable seat I and acting to produce the three phases described in claim 2
according to the positions substantially as described.
4. The construction and arrangement of the valve casing A with a port com-
municating with the tube F bringing the water under pressure, with the ports
communicating respectively with the tubes F1 F1 communicating in turn with the
ends of the hydraulic cylinder and with a port communicating with the exhaust
tube F substantially as described and shown.
5. The construction of the distributing valve for hydraulic machines substan-
tially as described and illustrated in the drawings.