IMPROVE- MENTS IN CHAIRS OR RAIL FASTENERS FOR RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM CORTEEN of 41, North Church Street Sheffield in the County of
York Carriage Maker do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CHAIRS OR RAIL FASTENERS FOR RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS to be
as follows:
This Invention relates to a further or extended application of the principle of
the Invention described in the Specification of the Letters Patent granted to me on
the 11th day of January 1884 Number 1222, and also to a modification of such
Invention where desirable.
The principle of the said first named Patent, as relating to Railways and
Tramways, was described substantially in the said Specification as providing in lieu
of the ordinary Chairs, a support and security for any description of Rail with like
and equal form of fitting to each side, and so as to dispense with wedges or keys,
and so as to apply such Chair also for the purpose of securing the ends of Rails,
and so as to dispense with Cross Bolts Fish plates and other usual fastenings
therefor, whereby in either case the Chair by means of a special cross pin arrange-
ment or draw Bar as specially described in the said Specification, is or can be held
firmly together or liberated at will.
The present Invention extends the principle of the said first named Patent, with
the following modifications, that is to say, in order to preserve and utilize such
principle for cases where the use of wedges or keys may be desirable, and so as to
grip the rail as firmly as desired, but in such a manner as to retain the elasticity
gained by such wooden wedges or keys, I arrange so that the key cannot, whether
by expansion contraction vibration or otherwise, work out or leave its position
when once it has been secured, and I provide for this as follows:-
Instead of making the moveable part the full length and fitting of the other side
of the Chair, I leave, in such moveable part, sufficient space between itself and the
rail, as to allow of a wedge or key being introduced-Such wedge is tapered at
each end, and thickest or fullest in the centre, and that portion of the moveable
part of the Chair which receives or upholds the same, is scooped out or shaped
accordingly, to keep such wedge or key in its position.
Where such wedge or key is used, the moveable part of the Chair is also, inlieu
of the shape of such Chair shewn in the said first named Patent, so shaped, as to

page_text: slide into its position from the back, and in some cases, even where the wedge or
key is not employed, the moveable part of the Chair, (made so as to fit close to the
rail as originally described) is in like manner, shaped so as to slide into its position
from the back.
In all cases, to prevent the metals working together and thereby producing any
jingling or otherwise, I find it convenient to interpose between the rail and the
Chair, a layer or packing of thin leather, tarred pressed paper, or other substitute,
but in most cases the bearing of leather, India rubber, or other substitute therefor,
placed under the Chair as mentioned in the said first named Patent, may be
dispensed with.
In applying this Invention to Rail Joints, I arrange to grip any form of Fish
plate (where the use of such is desired and retained) in such a manner as to
diminish the leverage pressure, which is usually brought to bear on the edge of the
Fish plates, as shewn and proved by the twists and breakage of such plates, and
I also by my Invention, lessen the wear and tear to the fastenings generally.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate some of the features of my Invention.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the metal block without the moveable part.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the parts when fitted together ready for the pin
or bolt.
Figures 3 and 4 shew the same from a top view.
Like letters of reference where such letters appear indicate corresponding parts
in the Drawings.
In Figure 1 the stationary metal block or portion of Chair A is fastened to the
Sleeper by usual spikes or Bolts, and Nuts Ċ, C¹ being the centre spike or Bolt,
over which the sliding or moveable part of the Chair passes. The other side D of
the stationary block, with the shaded part, is shaped or scooped so as to admit the
other portion of the Chair, after the Rail is put into position, the two lug or foot
ends D having to pass slightly underneath the Rail.
In Figure 2, the Rail E is shewn in its proper position, with the moveable part
of the Chair F then fitted in over the D portion of the block, the holes being so
bored and grip obtained as described in the said first mentioned Patent, or such
holes are sometimes made of an oval shape, so as thereby to obtain an increased
draw or pressure for the object desired.
Total thin Taut fifth 1
11004

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I WILLIAM CORTEEN of 41, North Church Street Sheffield in the County of
York Carriage Maker do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN CHAIRS OR RAIL FASTENERS FOR RAILWAYS AND TRAMWAYS" and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to a further or extended application of the principle of the
Invention described in the Specification of the Letters Patent granted to me on
the 11th day of January 1884 N° 1222, and also to a modification of such Invention
where desirable.
The principle of the said first named Patent, as relating to Railways and
Tramways, was described substantially in the said Specification as providing, in lieu
of the ordinary Chairs, a support and security for any description of Rail, with
like and equal form of fitting to each side, and so as to dispense with Wedges or
Keys, and so as to apply such Chair also for the purpose of securing the ends of
Rails, and so as to dispense with Cross Bolts Fish Plates and other usual fastenings
therefor, whereby, in either case, the Chair, by means of a special cross-pin
arrangement or draw Bar, as specially described in the said Specification, is or can
be held firmly together or liberated at will.
The present Invention extends the principle of the said first named Patent with
the following modifications, that is to say, in order to preserve and utilize such
principle for cases where the use of wedges or keys may be desirable, and so as to
grip the rail as firmly as desired, but in such a manner as to retain the elasticity
gained by such wooden wedges or keys, I arrange so that the Key cannot whether
by expansion, contraction, vibration, or otherwise, work out, or leave its position,
when once it has been secured, and I provide for this as follows:-
Instead of making the moveable part the full length and fitting of the other side
of the Chair, I leave in such moveable part sufficient space between itself and the
rail as to allow of a wedge or key being introduced-Such wedge is tapered at each
end and thickest or fullest in the centre, and that portion of the moveable part of
the Chair, which receives or upholds the same, is scooped out or shaped accordingly
to keep such wedge or key in its position.
Where such wedge or key is used, the moveable part of the Chair is also in lieu
of the shape of such Chair as shown in the said first named Patent, so shaped as
to slide into its position from the back, and in some cases, even where the wedge or
key is not employed, the moveable part of the Chair (made so as to fit close to the
rail as originally described), is in like manner shaped so as to slide into its position
from the back.
In all cases, to prevent the metals working together and thereby producing any
jingling or otherwise, I find it convenient to interpose between the rail and the
Chair, a layer or packing of thin leather, tarred pressed paper or other substitute,
but in most cases the bearing of leather India rubber or other substitute therefor,
(placed under the Chair as mentioned in the said first named Patent), may be
dispensed with.

page_text: In applying this Invention to Rail Joints, I arrange to grip any form of fish
plate, (where the use of such is desired and retained), in such a manner as to
diminish the leverage pressure which is usually brought to bear on the edge of the
fish plates, as shewn or proved by the twists and breakage of such plates, and I also,
by my Invention, lessen the wear and tear to the fastenings generally.
The Drawings accompanying my provisional Specification illustrate some of the
features of my Invention.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the metal block without the moveable part.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the parts when fitted together ready for the Pin
or Bolt.
Figures 3 and 4 shew the same from a top view.
Like Letters of reference, where such Letters appear, indicate corresponding
parts in the Drawings.
In Figure 1, the stationary metal block or portion of Chair A, is fastened to the
Sleeper by usual Spikes or Bolts and Nuts C, C¹ being the centre spike or bolt
over which the sliding or moveable part of the Chair passes. The other side D of
the stationary block, with the shaded part, is shaped or scooped so as to admit the
other portion of the Chair after the Rail is put into position, the two lug or foot
ends D¹ having to pass slightly underneath the Rail.
In Figure 2 the Rail E is shewn in its proper position, with the moveable part of
the Chair F then fitted in over the D portion of the block, the holes being so bored
and grip obtained as described in the said first named Patent, or such holes are
sometimes made of an oval shape, so as thereby to obtain an increased draw or
pressure for the object desired.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First A method of gripping and securing any rail firmly on each side and at
the bottom, by means of a draw slide action, and so as to secure any substance
between the Chair and the Rail in such manner that such substance cannot work
out, and to liberate the parts at will.
Second: The use of the before described form of Key or Wedge for insertion
between the Rail and the Chair, being such as cannot work out, and also the
employment of a layer of tarred pressed paper, or other substitute, to avoid rust or
jingling, as hereinbefore described.
Third-The shaping of the holes for the pin, in such oval or other like shape,
as, by the employment of larger pins when required, will enable an increased or
renewed pressure to be applied in cases of wear and tear to the Key.
Fourth-The scooping out or shaping of the moveable part of the Chair so as to
admit the Key or Wedge and the application of the grip to Fish Plates where used
for fastening together the ends of Rails.
י.בד
"
2
of Tanu One thousand eight hundred and eighty-