Improvements in Valves for Pneumatic Tyres and other Inflatable Articles.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Valves for Pneumatic Tyres and other Inflatable
Articles.
I, AARON SMITH CARTWRIGHT, of 75, Ford Street, Hockley, in the City of
Birmingham, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
This invention relates to valves for inflatable articles, but principally for
pneumatic tyres, and has for its object, to produce a simple and efficient valve
having but few parts, none of which are liable to become deranged by use, whereby
the said valves is cheaply made and easily produced.
In one form of my invention, the valve is made from india-rubber and of the
figure of a dome, or bee-hive shaped, with the edges of the walls, at the open end,
turned inwards, so as to form a flange or I gather in or throttle the same at the
mouth so as to take over and come under the head or circular-flanged. end of a
metal or like body, which preferably is wormed exteriorly and has a hole up
its middle, leading into the dome, which is located inside of the air tube of a
tyre, whilst the stem comes upon the outside thereof and passes through a hole in
a rim to which it is affixed by screwed-on nuts and washers in the ordinary way.
The crown of the dome-shaped rubber valve has a small closing slit or elongated
incision, which is normally closed by the concentrated pressure of the compressed
air within the tube exerting itself upon the outside walls of the valve.
A sound or air-tight joint is made between the mouth end of the valve and
the flanged head of the valve stem located within the interior of the said valve,
by a washer or washers threaded upon the stem of the said body and gripping the
turned under edge of the valve between it and the head of the stem.
A separate deflating device may be employed, in the form of a small tube, open
at both ends, or closed at the fore end and having a side entrance, and which,
when passed axially up the stem, comes opposite to, and passes through and
fully expands the slit in the valve and allows air to pass out of the tyre.
The forcing of air into the tyre from the outside forcibly distends the walls
of the valve and opens the slit and immediately outside pressure is relieved, the
internal pressure exercises itself against the rubber walls of the valve, compresses
the same, closes the slit and so checks or prevents the exit of air.
As a modification, I may employ a like-shaped rubber valve as described, some-
what alike the end of a finger-stall, with the crown of the same provided with a
fine-bore tube, with thin walls, which expand on pressure being applied on the
forcing of air into a tyre, but which are closed upon one another by internal
air pressure and prevent the escape of air when pressure from the outside is
relieved.
1
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T11007

page_text: Improvements in Valves for Pneumatic Tyres and other Inflatable
Articles.
I, AARON SMITH CARTWRIGHT, of 75, Ford Street, Hockley, in the City of
Birmingham, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to valves for inflatable articles, but principally for
pneumatic tyres, and has for its object, to produce a simple and efficient valve
having but few parts, none of which are liable to become deranged by use, whereby
the said valves are cheaply made and easily produced.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing represents an elevation of one form of
my improved tyre valve, shown applied to a tyre and wheel rim.
Figure 2 represents a vertical section of Figure 1. In these two views, the
valve is shown in its normal condition i.e. with the piercings in the same closed
only by the elasticity of the walls of the said valve, which is uninfluenced either
by external air pressure, or by the internal pressure of the compressed air
within the tyre..
Figure 3 represents a like vertical section of the valve as Figure 2, but showing
the rubber or elastic part of the same distended or dilated as it would be during
the forcing of air through the valve into the tyre by an inflator or pump.
Figure 4 is another like sectional view as the preceding figures, but showing
the valve in the position it assumes on the tyre being inflated to a maximum,
when the greatly compressed air then converges or exerts itself centripetally upon
the outside of the elastic walls of the valve, which, in consequence of being unsup-
ported interiorly, is bodily contracted or squeezed up, thereby further closing up
or sealing the piercings in the same and effectually preventing or checking the
escape of air.
Figure 5 represents a plan of the said valve separately and Figure 6 is a vertical
section of the same.
Figure 7 represents a vertical section of the stem or metallic body part of the
valve separately.
Figure 8 represents the attachment or instrument employed for opening the
valve to deflate the tyre.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures
of the drawings.
According to this form of my invention, the valve a, is made from india-rubber
or other elastic material, and of the figure of a dome, or of a bee-hive shape, with
the edges a, of the walls, at the open end a², turned inwards, so as to form a
foot or flange a³, or in other words, I gather in or throttle the said elastic valve
at the mouth which then takes over and comes under the head or circular flanged
end of a metal or like body b, which preferably is wormed exteriorly at 62, and
has a hole 63, up its middle, leading into the interior of the elastic dome, which
is located inside the air tube c', of a tyre, whilst the stem comes upon the outside
thereof and passes through a hole di, in a rim d, to which it is affixed by a
screwed-on nut e, and washer e¹, in the ordinary way.
The crown a', of the dome-shaped rubber valve has one or more small closing
piercings as, (or one or more elongated incisions), which is or are normally closed
by the elasticity of the walls of the said valve only, but are further and more
perfectly closed or sealed by the concentrated centripetal back pressure of the

page_text: compressed air within the air tube exerting itself upon the outside walls- of the
valve.
A sound or air-tight joint is made between the mouth end of the valve and the
flanged head of the valve stem located within the interior of the said valve by a
washer f, or washers threaded upon the screwed stem of the said body and gripping,
by means of a screwed up nut f', the turned under edge of the valve between
itself and the underside of the head of the stem.
A separate deflating device may be employed in the form of a small tube 9,
open at both ends g', as represented in Figure 8, or it may be closed at the fore
end and have a small hole or entrance in the side and which, when passed axially
up the stem, comes opposite to, and passes through and fully expands one of the
piercings or slits in the valve and so allows air to escape or pass out of the tyre.
The forcing of air into the valve from the outside forcibly distends the walls
of the same and opens the piercings or incisions, or causes them to gape, but
immediately outside pressure is relieved, the compressed air within the tyre exer-
cises itself against the outside rubber walls of the valve, compresses the same,
closes the slits and so checks or prevents the escape or exit of air.
It is understood that the holes in the valve are closed solely by the elasticity
of their walls and the centripetal pressure of the air in the tyre without the
material surrounding the said holes having to bed or seat itself upon any surface.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
First: A valve for tyres, comprising an elastic chamber, located within the
interior or air tube of a tyre and having the walls thereof pierced with one or
more incisions or slits, which are opened by the act of inflating the tyre, and
closed normally by the elasticity of the walls of the said chamber, and further
closed or sealed by the back pressure of the air within the tyre.
Secondly: A valve for tyres, comprising an elastic and dome, conoidal or
spherical shaped chamber, located within the interior or air tube of a tyre, and
having the walls of the same pierced with one or a number of incisions or slits,
adapted to be opened by the act of inflating the tyre and closed by the elasticity
of the walls of the said chamber, and also further closed or sealed by the back
pressure of air with the tyre, substantially as described and set forth.
Thirdly A valve for pneumatic tyres, comprising an elastic chamber having
a throttled or contracted mouth end, which is drawn over the head or flange of
an axially bored valve stalk, and is clamped between the underside of the said head
and the inside of the tube or air chamber of a tyre, by a nut and washers or
equivalent means threaded upon the said stem, substantially as described and
set forth.
Fourthly: The improvements in valves for tyres, and in the general construc-
tion, arrangement and combination of the parts of the same, substantially as
herein described and set forth.
AARON SMITH CARTWRIGHT.
By Henry Skerrett,
24 Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.