Improvements in Tubulous Steam Boilers.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Sept., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 26th May, 1896-Accepted, 27th June, 1895
Improvements in Tubulous Steam Boilers.
A communication from abroad by THE SOCIÉTÉ ANONYME DU GÉNÉRATEUR
DU TEMPLE, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
I PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane in the County
of Middlesex Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
-
This invention relates to tubulous boilers of what are known as the "Du Temple "
type and having horizontal water chambers connected by nests of slanting tubes
with one or more horizontal collecting chambers, the fire space being arranged
between the nests of tubes, though part of the invention is applicable to other forms
of tubulous boilers.
According to this invention we improve the circulation of the gases of com-
bustion through the nests of tubes by causing the gases to enter the nests at the
upper portion and descend among the tubes along the length of same so that they
issue therefrom at some low point and pass up outside of the nest to the exit flue.
The spaces among the tubes at the upper end of the nest are so arranged that
the gases may if desired pass straight away to the exit flue for the purpose of
assisting the draught in getting up the fires and for lowering the production of
steam at other times. To regulate this a hinged sliding or removable door or
panel is employed with each nest. To cause the gases to pass down the length
of the tubes they may be arranged closely together at the parts required, the
interstices between them being plugged with asbestos or the like if necessary, and
to form the open spaces the tubes may be curved or twisted so as to separate from
each other but to form the close lengths of tubes it is preferred to use tubes
having fins or ribs on the sides at various points, the fins or ribs of one tube
touching those of the next while the remaining portions of the tubes are plain.
In this way a large heating surface is provided and a number of separate flues
formed. To secure the tubes in the steam and water chambers the ends of same,
may be flanged bent over or swelled, after having previously slipped thereon a
socket having a head which is conical outside. This conical part fits into a similar
part on the outside of the wall of the chamber, and the other end of the socket
is provided with a screw thread which engages with a nut inside of the chamber.
In this way no screw thread need be formed on the tubes.
To reduce the amount of water held by the water chambers they are provided
with removable sheet metal drums inside of same preferably not concentrically
arranged and suitably supported, the water being only between the outside of such
drums and the inside wall of the chamber, though to prevent the drum collapsing
with the pressure a small quantity of water may be placed inside of same to
generate a steam pressure therein.
Dated the 14th day of September 1895.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE.

page_text: A communication from abroad by THE SOCIÉTÉ ANONYME DU GÉNÉRATEUR
DU TEMPLE, of Paris, in the Republic of France.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Fellow of Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:―
This invention relates to tubulous boilers of what are known as the "Du Temple "
type and having horizontal water chambers connected by nests of slanting tubes
with one or more horizontal collecting chambers, the fire space being arranged
between the nests of tubes, though part of the invention is applicable to other forms
of tubulous boilers.
According to this invention we improve the circulation of the gases of com-
bustion through the nests of tubes by causing the gases to enter the nests at the
upper portion and descend among the tubes along the length of same so that they
issue therefrom at some low point and pass up outside of the nest to the exit flue.
The spaces among the tubes at the upper end of the nest are so arranged that
the gases may if desired pass straight away to the exit flue for the purpose of
assisting the draught in getting up the fires and for lowering the production of
steam at other times. To regulate this a hinged sliding or removable door or panel
is employed with each nest. To cause the gases to pass down the length of the
tubes they may be arranged closely together at the parts required, the interstices
between them being plugged with asbestos or the like if necessary, and to form
the open spaces the tubes may be curved or twisted so as to separate from each
other, but to form the close lengths of tubes it is preferred to use tubes having
fins or ribs on the sides at various points, the fins or ribs of one tube touching
those of the next, while the remaining portions of the tubes are plain. In this
way a large heating surface is provided and a number of separate flues formed.
To secure the tubes in the steam and water chambers the ends of same may be
flanged, bent over, or swelled after having previously slipped thereon a socket having
a head which is conical outside. This conical part fits into a similar part on the
outside of the wall of the chamber, and the other end of the socket is provided
with a screw thread which engages with a nut inside of the chamber. In this way
no screw thread need be formed on the tubes.
To reduce the amount of water held by the water chambers they are provided
with removable sheet metal drums inside of same preferably not concentrically
arranged and suitably supported, the water being only between the outside of such
drums and the inside wall of the chamber, though to prevent the drum collapsing
with the pressure a small quantity of water may be placed inside of same to
generate a steam pressure.
To clearly explain the invention reference is made to the accompanying drawings
in which :-
Fig. 1 is an end view, one half being in section, of a boiler to show the arrange-
ment of the tubes.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of same, a part of the casing being removed.
Fig. 3 is a sectional end elevation on an enlarged scale of a part of the boiler to
show a modified arrangement of the tubes.
Figs. 4 and 5 are a section and elevation respectively of the improved form of tubes.
Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation showing the method of securing the tubes in the
steam and water chambers.
Fig. 6 is a plan of the lower nut in Fig. 6 looking upwards.

page_text: Fig. 6B is a plan of the upper nut in Fig. 6.
Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively a longitudinal section and a cross section of a lower
collecting chamber.
The tubes composing the nest as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 are arranged as close
walls, with the exception of the space between the points h, i, where the gases may
enter as shown by the arrows, such gases passing down the tubes until they come
to the space between the points j, k, where they turn and leave the nest of tubes
by the opening formed between the points d, e, passing up the space between the
nest and the outer close row of tubes c until they reach the space b a formed in
such row where they escape to the flue t.
To assist the draft however when desired the gases may pass directly through
the space i to the opening f g which is closed by the hinged sliding or removable
door or baffle m.
A methodical circulation of the products of combustion is obtained in this way,.
their current being parallel and in the opposite direction to that of the water
contained in the major part of the tubes. The arrangement also provides an
increased length of travel for the hot gases through the nest of tubes which
contributes to an increased production of steam. The movable door m may be
opened when the engines are not working, it being sufficient to open same to
suppress the circulation of the hot gases in the interior of the nest of tubes, thus
reducing to a large extent the production of steam.
The spaces or openings between the tubes may be arranged or provided for in
various ways, such as by curving or twisting them where the space is required.
In Fig. 3 the inner and outer rows p, o, are formed by laying the tubes close
together to form a wall, some of the tubes being curved and brought out of line
with the other as shown at q. to form the required space. To form the close
walls the spaces between the open tubes may be plugged with asbestos or the
like, but it is preferred to form them with the ribs as shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 5,
which ribs may be drawn with the tubes, the ribs of one tube abatting against the
ribs of the next so that in addition to forming the close wall such ribs provide a
large increase of heating surface which is not in immediate contact with the water.
With tubes so formed the spaces for the gases to enter between same may be
conveniently formed by omitting the ribs as shown at s in Fig. 5.
may
be
To secure the tubes in the steam and water chambers the end of each tube may
be bent over as shown at i, Fig. 6, or swelled after having previously been slipped
through a socket n provided with a conical head n¹ which fits into a correspondingly
shaped hole in the tube plate t or wall of the chamber. The other end and
outside of the socket is screwed and engages with a nut v of any suitable shape for
a tool or wrench inside of the plate or chamber, so that the tube
tightened up as will be seen without any screw thread being formed thereon.
The advantages of this arrangement are in the first place that the strength of
the tube is not interfered with at its end, which strength is lessened in the systemis
heretofore employed by the screw threads formed in the thickness of the wall of
the tube; and in the second place that oxidation which galvanic action may cause
between the tube and the nut when they are made of different metals, is obviated
as in the present instance the sleeve n and nut v may be of the same metal, such as
bronze or the like.
With the object of reducing the amount of water and consequently the weight
of a boiler when in use which is an important feature, the lower collector B is
provided with a thin sheet metal closed vessel A which may be maintained in
position by a flange such as wo and a distance ring w¹ which may be perforated as
shown in Fig. 8. The water occupies the annular space between A and B, and a small
quantity is kept in the vessel A in order that the tension of the steam developed
therefrom may equalize the interior pressure in the vessel B and prevent the
vessel A from collapsing.
The vessel A which may be termed a displacing vessel may be withdrawn from
one end together with the ring w' and flange w, and the chamber will then be free

page_text: for admission of a man for the purpose of reaching the tubes, the small amount of
water the displacing vessel A causes it to require enabling it to be made of a size
sufficient for this purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me from
abroad by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a tubulous steam boiler of the type described the arrangement and
construction of the uest of tubes by which the circulation of the gases is provided
for, substantially as described and illustrated in the drawings.
2. In a tubulous steam boiler the construction and arrangement of tubes
provided with ribs on same, substantially as and for the purpose described.
3. In a tubulous steam boiler an arrangement of parts for securing the tubes in
the tube plate in which the tube end is expanded only and is held in the tube plate
by parts engaging with said expanded portion, and which may be tightened one on
the other to hold the tube firmly, substantially as described.
4. In a tubulous steam boiler the means for securing the tubes in the tube plate
consisting of a socket which is slipped over the tube and engages with the enlarged
or turned up end of same a conical head carried by the socket which seats on the
tube plate and a nut which is screwed on to the socket on the opposite end to the
conical head and inside of the tube plate, substantially as described.
5. In a tubulous steam boiler the employment of a displacing vessel, substantially
as and for the purpose described.
6. In a tubulous steam boiler of the type described the employment of a
displacing vessel constructed substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 7
and 8.
Dated the 22nd day of May 1896.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE.