IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Hall the younger, of Mount Pleasant,
Walmersley, near Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Spinner and
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Hall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd October
1856.
I, JOHN HALL the younger, of Mount Pleasant, Walmersley, near Bury,
in the County of Lancaster, Spinner and Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS," to be as
follows:-
My present Invention is merely an improvement on an Invention patented
by me December the Tenth, One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the
Specification of which I describe the working of the box motion of jacquard
looms by horizontal and vertical levers, the jacquard book acting upon, an
horizontal lever, the said horizontal lever acting upon a vertical one.
I now find, by experience, that instead of using the said horizontal and
vertical levers so arranged, I can work the shuttle boxes direct from the
jacquard hooks by bringing them directly over the shuttle boxes, and connect
them either by lever shafts, pullies, or cams, so as to lift them either in a

page_text: direct or indirect position. By this plan I dispense with the combination of
horizontal and vertical levers, thus simplifying the arrangement and cheapening
the cost.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Hall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd April 1857.
•
.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
HALL the younger, of Mount Pleasant, Walmersley, near Bury, in the County
of Lancaster, Spinner and Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Hall the younger, Her special licence that Ị, the said
John Hall the younger, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said John Hall the younger, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said John Hall the younger, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Hall the younger, do hereby declare
'the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement (that is to say):-.
My Invention relates to those kind of looms known as "jacquard looms,"
and consists, firstly, of working the box motion direct and indirect from the
jacquard hooks by means of horizontal and vertical levers, and also shafts,
pulleys, or cams, so that as the jacquard hook acts upon a horizontal lever it
causes a vertical lever to work the shuttle box, which improvements in jacquard
looms I accomplish by causing the jacquard wizard or other hooks, in con-
.

page_text: junction with the same cards or lags used for forming the pattern in the
manufacture of figured cloth, to be the first means of putting levers or pulleys
into motion as a preparation, which may be afterwards acted upon by any of
the well-known methods of raising the shuttle or drop box where a series of
shuttles are used. The jacquard hooks are connected to levers or lifters,
which raise, lower, or move transversely certain inclines or wedges, which act
upon a lever connected with the drop box motions. When a star wheel is
employed it is moved in conjunction with the cam wheel, thereby causing the
indentations of the said star wheel to be either in or out of gear of a stud or
pin on a toothed wheel driven by another toothed wheel on the crank shaft of
the loom. The cam wheel connected to the star wheel acts upon a bowl or
roller, attached to either a straight or cranked lever connected by a bar or rod
to the drop box, which is caused to rise and fall as the cam wheel is moved,
according to the pattern desired; or the jacquard wizard or other hooks may
act upon arms or levers, upon which are placed catches or pulleys operating
upon ratchet wheels or pulleys, one placed upon one end of a tube or tubes,
and another upon one end of a shaft or shafts passing through the aforesaid
tube or tubes. Upon the other ends of the tube and shaft are placed cams
or lifters, which raise and depress an arm or lever, according to the positions
of the cams, giving a corresponding motion to another arm or lever, which
operates upon the shuttle boxes by means of a connecting rod.
These improvements will be clearly understood by reference to the accoin-
panying two Sheets of Drawings, with the figures and letters of reference
thereon.
Fig. 1 is an end, and Fig. 2 a front elevation, of part of a loom in which
the wedges or inclines which move downwards are connected by levers to
jacquard hooks, shewing also how the shuttle box is acted upon; Fig. 3 is a
front elevation, representing another arrangement of levers; Fig. 4, a plan,
shewing the lever which is acted upon by the wedges or inclines; Fig. 5
represents the wedges or inclines detached from the loom; Figs. 6 and 7
represent another arrangement in which the wedges or inclines move upwards;
Fig. 8 is a front elevation of part of a loom, shewing the direct action from
the hooks, and Fig. 9 is an end elevation thereof.
In Figs. 1 and 2, a represents the main frames of the loom; b, the jacquard
hooks, connected to the levers c, moving on their pivots or fulcrums d. To
the levers c are connected the rods e, having near their lower ends the wedges
or inclines g and h, which act upon the lever i. The crank shaft is repre-
sented at k, upon which is the toothed wheel driving another toothed wheel m,
having a stud or pin n which fits the indentations in the star wheel o, causing

page_text: it to turn when both are in contact; with the star wheel o the cam-wheel P
is connected by a boss having a groove, in which is placed the edge of the
lever i, the latter being moved: to and fro by means of the wedges or inclines
g and h, when they are acted upon by the-levers c and the jacquard hooks b.
When a change of shuttle is required the lever i moves the star and 'cam
wheol, causing the indentations to be in a line and -in-gear with the stud n as
it revolves, thereby giving motion as long as required to the star and cam
wheels; the latter presses against the roller q on the bent lever r, thereby
giving it motion, and also to the shuttle box s by means of the connecting rod-t.
It is evident that by employing either an extra cam wheel, or one of a different
shape, more shuttles can be used. One of the wedges or inclines also moves
the star wheel out of gear of the stud n, thereby allowing as much dwell as
desired, according to the cards or pattern. The springs u cause the return or
counter movement of the wedges or inclines..
i.
In Fig. 3 the jacquard hooks are represented at a attached to the levers
or lifters b', connected to the balance levers c, moving on their-pivots or
fulcrums d', the levers.c giving motion to the rods e¹ and wedges or inclines
f, g, and h' (shewn detached at Fig. 5), the said wedges operating upon a
lever ', placing it in a position to-influence or be acted upon by any of the
shuttle box motions. The springs cause the return movement of the wedges.
Although three wedges or inclines are shewn, two or more wedges and
shuttles may be employed. In Fig. 4 the lever k¹ is shewn detached.
In Figs. 6 and 7 the wedges or inclines are represented in a reverse
position to those before described, and produce their effect by being pulled
upwards by levers or pulleys, and chains or cords, one of which is shewn at m¹
connected to the shaft n', motion being given to it by means of the lever o¹
and jacquard hook p¹.
"
In Figs. 8 and 9, representing the direct action of the hooks, a are the
jacquard or other hooks connected to the levers b, upon which are the
catches c, operating when desired upon the ratchet wheels d and e, one
of which is placed upon the tube f; and the other upon the shaft g,
passing through the said tube. At the other end of the shaft g is the cam h,
and on the tube the cam i, both of which act when required upon the bowls
or rollers on the arm or lever 1, thereby giving it motion, and imparting a
corresponding motion by means of the rod m to the arm or lever n,
connecting rod o, and shuttle boxes p.
'
:
Having now fully described the nature and particulars of my said Invention
and in what manner the same may be carried into practical effect, I desire it
to be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details

page_text: herein set forth, as such may be varied or modified without departing from the
principle of my Invention; but what I claim is,-
Firstly, the employment of jacquard wizard or other hooks, in conjunction
with the same cards or lags used in the manufacture of figured cloth, to be
the means; after the loom is put in motion, of giving action to levers, pulleys,
or cams as a preparation, which may be afterwards acted upon by any of the
well-known methods of raising the shuttle or drop box where a series of shuttles
are used.
Secondly, in the employment of wedges or inclines acting in any position
upon an arm or lever connected with the shuttle or drop box motions.
Thirdly, in working the shuttle boxes direct from the hooks by ratchet
wheels, pulleys, or cams.
And, fourthly, the general arrangement for moving the star and cam wheels
in and out of gear by the inclines or wedges, as all such improvements are
herein described, and illustrated in the accompanying two Sheets of Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Hall the younger, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Second day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
JOHN HALL THE YOUNGER. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the within-
named John Hall the younger, in the
presence of
JOHN BLOODWORTH,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.