Improvements in Carriages, Perambulators, or other Vehicles for Children or Invalids.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 31st Mar., 1890-Accepted, 10th May, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carriages, Perambulators, or other Vehicles for
Children or Invalids.
I, SAMUEL ALBERT JOHNSON Engineer 13 East India Road Limehouse London E.
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The body of such carriages is isolated from the frame work & springs, and is pivotted
at front and rear, so that it always remains level, if the carriage should be tilted on
either side, and the occupant cannot be thrown out. Also, a handle combined with
the ordinary one, which the attendant uses, will, when freed, act on brakes of the
wheels, and effectually prevent the carriage from moving in the absence of the
attendant-especially on inclines,
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carriages, Perambulators, or other Vehicles for
Children or Invalids.
I, SAMUEL ALBERT JOHNSON, Engineer, 13 East India Road, Limehouse,
London, E. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, and accompanying Drawing:-
. By this Invention my improvements in perambulators, carriages or other vehicles
are specially suited to and intended as a conveyance for the comfort and safety of
invalids or children,-which I effect in the following manner.
The body of such vehicles or carriages are not intended to be solidly secured to and
fixed as part of the frame work and springs, but are to a certain extent entirely apart
therefrom, and pivotted or suspended to the upper part of the said main frame work,
at the front and rear portions of same; the said pivots working freely in bearings
provided in the upper portions of the main frame, and by which the carriage body is
suspended, so that it may swing, but will always keep and remain in an upright
position should the carriage or vehicle be accidentally tilted over on either side, the
occupant cannot be materially disturbed thereby or thrown out.
I also provide a handle or frame, curved or of other form, combined with the tie or
cross bar handle, which handle or frame the attendant uses in propelling the vehicle,
but will when freed or let-go, cause suitable levers provided and connected thereto
working upon their fulcrums, to act upon suitable brakes which are also provided so
as to grip or skid the wheels, and effectively prevent the carriage from moving
forward or backward, or by means of locking bolts to be shot in between the spokes
of the wheel or otherwise, should the vehicle or carriage be carelessly left unattended
by those in charge, especially when on an incline, that the vehicle or carriage may be
instantly arrested in its downward progress and the dangerous impetus given and
accidents therefrom which so frequently occur is entirely prevented automatically,
and safety, in all cases given.
In the accompanying Drawing Figure 1, is an end view of a perambulator or
carriage, and Figure 2, a longitudinal or side view of same, and in which the letters
of reference given apply to like parts in both views. A, is the body of the
perambulator or carriage. B, is a light frame of iron or other suitable material in
which the body A, of the said carriage is suspended or supported by means of the
pivot attachments B¹, connected thereto and taking into and working freely in the
main frame B. The body A, of the carriage, as will be seen is enabled thereby to
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page_text: swing easily like a cradle, with comfort and safety. D, is the lever or pushing
handle by which the attendant propels the perainbulator or carriage and when put in
motion the handle or lever D, works on a fulcrum E, and causes the lever connection F,
to be depressed, which again acts upon the lever G, provided and working upon a
fulcrum G¹, supported on the under frame of the carriage, and to the other end of
the lever G, referred to, the connection or end of satne H, is suitably formed, which
in turn becomes elevated and is caused in its upward movement to lift or raise the
brakes from the wheels of the vehicle or carriage, and when the hand or propelling
effort is released, it will be seen that the reverse action occurs to that just described
the brakes are then instantly brought downwards or into position and the grip upon
the wheels-given, this downward action is caused by means of springs L, suitably
connected, adjusted and disposed or by weights or counter-weights or other suitable
means connected or attached to the lever H, in manner as may be found most
suitable in practise. K, are the usual bearing springs between the axles and carriage
frame.
A guard or guide J is provided for the pushing lever D, to be kept or retained in
its proper position when the carriage is at rest, or otherwise. I may propose to
further secure the brake application, or locking bolt arrangement and so lock same,
should the perambulator or other vehicle be left for a time unattended which may be
done by the insertion of a bolt in the guard or guide J, or by means of a small
padlock and key or other means so that the person in charge when leaving the vehicle
and occupant therein can ensure that it is impossible for same to be easily removed
from the position where it may have been left.
The body of the carriage as shewn supported by means of the pivot attachments B¹,
working in and supported by the upper part of the frame B, may bear or work upon
a spring or springs interposed in a vertical slot formed in the bearing portion
provided for it in the said frame B, in which case the body of the carriage will be
further permitted to gently yield or lift and avoid any shock or jar ordinarily given
when running over broker or uneven ground.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
Firstly. To enable perfect ease, comfort and entire safety to be given and ensured
to children or invalids, by means of my method of supporting the body of the carriage
or vehicle and to perinit of an easy swinging motion to be given to saine and to
render it impossible should the carriage or vehicle be tilted to one side or the other,
so that the occupant cannot be shaken or thrown out, as the upright position of the
carriage or vehicle body will be maintained.
Secondly. In further providing for and giving additional safety and security to
perambulators and other vehicles as a brake that by the adoption of my method or
inethods automatical action is given and a dead stoppage of the carriage is effected;
but I wish it to be distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to any particular
form or precise detail or method of working of the brake or brakes as the same may
be varied to suit particular purposes for the specific objects desired substantially as
berein before described and set forth.