IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Gilbert Martien, of Newark, New Jersey, in
the United States of America, but at present of 32, Essex Street, Strand,
T
London, for the Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON
Sealed the 13th March 1857, and dated the 16th September 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Gilbert Martien
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th September 1856.
I, JOSEPH GILBERT MARTIEN, of Newark, New Jersey, in the United States
of America, but at present of 32, Essex Street, Strand, London, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF IRON," to be as follows:-
The subjecting fluid iron as it flows from a smelting furnace to the influence
of gas or gases, seperately or combined, and in a natural or heated state, also
to the influence of any alkaline, earthy, mineral, or metallic substance or
matter, seperately or in combination, has been set forth in my Patent, dated
the 4th day of April 1856.
Now, this Invention consists in applying to and disseminating through and
amongst fluid iron, or fluid metal possessing the characteristics of iron of any
kind, form, or description whatsoever, as it flows from or whilst in a transition
state from a melting or remelting furnace, cupola, fire, vessel, or place of any
kind or form whatsoever from which fluid iron can or may flow (except from a

page_text: smelting furnace), atmospheric air, oxygen gas, chlorine gas, hydrogen gas,
carburetted hydrogen gas, or any desirable vapour, gas, or gases, seperately or
combined, and in a natural state, or in a more or less heated state, as may be
desired, for the purpose of heating, oxidizing, deoxidizing, carbonizing, decarbo-
nizing, purifying, strengthening, changing the nature of the metal more or
less whatever the form, character, nature or name, the metal may have or be
known by, in consequence wholly or in part of such treatment.
This Invention consists also in applying to and disseminating through and
amongst fluid iron of any kind, form, or description as it flows from or whilst
in a transition state from a melting or remelting furnace, cupola, fire, vessel,
or place of any kind or form whatever from which fluid iron may or can flow
(except from a smelting furnace), nickel, or matter containing nickel, zinc in
the form of an oxide or otherwise; manganese in the form of an oxide,
carbonate, carburet, or otherwise; carbonaceous matter of any kind, or com-
pound containing carbon; kaolin, or any matter containing kaolin, chloride
of sodium, chlorates, carbonates, nitrates, or any saline, alkaline, vegetable,
earthy, mineral, or metallic matter or matters, seperately or combined, and in
any form, state, or condition that may be desirable for the purpose of oxidizing,
deoxidizing, carbonizing, decarbonizing, purifying, alloying with the iron or
any matter contained in the iron, strengthening, changing the nature of the
metal more or less, whatever the form, character, nature, or name, the metal
may take wholly or in part in consequence of such treatment.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Gilbert Martien in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 16th March 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
GILBERT MARTIEN, of Newark, New Jersey, in the United States of America,
but at present of 32, Essex Street, Strand, London, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Gracious Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the 16th day of September, in the year of our Lord
one thousand eight hundred & fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs & successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Joseph Gilbert Martien, Her special license that I, the said Joseph Gilbert
Martien, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Joseph Gilbert Martien, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times

page_text: thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Joseph Gilbert Martien, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Gilbert Martien, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in & by the
following statement :-
The subjecting fluid iron as it flows from a smelting furnace to the influence
of gas or gases, seperately or combined, and in a natural or heated state, also
to the influence of any alkaline, earthy, mineral, or metallic substance, or
matter seperately or combined, has been set forth in my Patent, dated the
4th day of April 1856.
Now, this Invention consists in applying to and disseminating through and
amongst fluid iron, or fluid metal possessing the characteristics of iron of any
kind, form, or description whatsoever, as it flows from or whilst in a transition
state from a melting or remelting furnace, cupola, fire, vessel, or place of any
kind or form whatsoever from which fluid iron may or can flow (except from a
smelting furnace), atmospheric air, oxygen gas, chlorine gas, hydrogen gas,
carburetted hydrogen gas, or any desirable vapour, gas, or gases, seperately or
combined, and in a natural state, or in a more or less heated state, as may
be required, for the purpose of heating, oxidizing, deoxidizing, carbonizing,
decarbonizing, purifying, strengthening, changing the nature of the metal,
more or less, whater the form, character, nature, or name the metal may have
or be known by, in consequence wholly or in part of such treatment.
This Invention also consists in applying to and disseminating through and
amongst fluid iron of any kind, form, or description as it flows from or whilst
in a transition state from a melting or remelting furnace, cupola, fire, vessel,
or place of any kind or form whatever from which fluid iron may or can flow
(except from a smelting furnace), nickel, or matter containing nickel, zinc in
the form of an oxide or otherwise; manganese in the form of an oxide,
carbonate, carburet, or otherwise; carbonatious matter of any kind, or com-
pound containing carbon; kaolin, or any matter containing kaolin, chloride of

page_text: sodium, chlorates, carbonates, nitrates, or any saline, alkaline, vegetable, earthy,
mineral, or metallic matter, or matters, seperately or combined, and in any
form, state, or condition that may be desirable for the purpose of oxidizing,
deoxidizing, carbonizing, decarbonizing, purifying, alloying with the iron, or any
matter contained in the iron, strengthening, changing the nature of the metal
more or less, whatever the form, character, nature, or name the metal may
take wholly or in part in consequence of such treatment.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Gilbert Martien, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this 28th day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
J. G. MARTIEN. (L.S.)