Im- PROVED MACHINERY FOR REELING AND LEASHING YARN-OR THREAD
Year: 1859

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Leach, of Leeds, in the County of York,.
Yarn Spinner and Cloth Manufacturer, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVED MACHINERY FOR REELING AND LEASHING YARN-OR THREAD."
Sealed the 16th August 1859, and dated the 5th March 1859.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George. Leach at the
Office of the Commissioners of. Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th March 1859.
I, GEORGE LEACH, of Leeds, in the County of York, Yarn Spinner and*
Cloth Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
**IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR REELING AND LEASHING YARN OR THREAD," to be as
follows:-
My Invention of improved machinery for reeling and leashing yarn
or thread, relates to a novel construction or arrangement of machinery
whereby yarn or thread may be reeled into banks in which the threads are
made to cross each other, so as to form a crossing at or near the centre or
other convenient part of the bank.
In carrying out my Invention, the cops or bobbins containing the yarns or
threads to be reeled are arranged in any suitable and convenient manner so
as to allow the yarns to be taken off with facility, and the ends of the yarns
are passed through eyes attached to a moveable bar to which a reciprocating

page_text: motion is communicated. This bar is moved to and fro or up and down in
front of a frame provided with wooden or other pegs on to which it is intended
to reel or place the yarns as they are taken from the cops or bobbins. In
combination with the above mentioned reciprocating motion of the bar the
latter has also an endway motion communicated to it so that by the combi-
nation of the two motions, the eyes through which the yarns pass to the pegs
of the frame are inade to describe a motion somewhat resembling an elongated
figure 8. By this means, each yarn or thread as it is reeled on to the pegs is
passed across, and thus forms a crossing in the hank at or near the centre.
The peg frame is mounted on pivots so as to admit of the frame being turned
over when require:l. Another set of reeling pegs is adapted to the back or
other side of the frame, so that when the pegs on one side of the frame are
filled or charged with yarn or banks of yarn it will only be necessary to turn
the frame over on its pivots and a second set of pegs will be presented ready to
be filled, and while the reeling operation is being carried on with the second set
of pegs under the care of one attendant, the hanks that have just been reeled
may be divided and leashed by another attendant at the back of the machine,
and may then be removed from the frame. To facilitate the dividing and
leashing of the reeled yarns, and the removal of the hanks from the pegs it
will be found convenient to make use of split or divided pegs, the parts of
which will admit of being opened for the purpose of inserting a pin whereby
the banks may be taken off. In order to reel the yarns upon the pegs with
regularity, the bearings in which the peg frame is mounted are made moveable
so that by means of a ratchet motion or other suitable mechanical contrivance,
the peg frame may be drawn back to a trifling extent every time the eye bar
moves up and down.
It will be obvious that by a little modification in the construction of the
parts a similar arrangement of machinery may be employed for reeling banks
on to the pegs without crossing the yarns.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed 3
by the said George Leach in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th September 1859.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
LEACH, of Leeds, in the County of York, Yarn Spinner and Cloth Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
3.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine, in the twenty-second year of
ITer reign, did, for Herself, Iler heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said George Leach, Her special license that I, the said George Leach,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
George Leach, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY
FOR REELING AND LEASHING YARN OR THREAD," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said George Leach, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Lench, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto annexed, and to
the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
My Invention of improved machinery for reeling and leashing yarn or
thread relates to a novel construction or arrangement of machinery whereby
yarn or thread may be reeled into hanks, and in doing which the threads are
made to cross each other, so as to form a crossing at or near the centre or
other convenient part of the hank.
The improved machinery for reeling and leashing yarn or thread hereinafter
described is intended more particularly to be used for reeling or leashing
crossed hanks that are to be wound from the improved holder for which I
have already obtained Letters Patent, but my improved reeling and leashing
machine may be also used for reeling hanks to be wound in the ordinary
manner.
In the accompanying Drawing, Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of my
improved machine, and Fig. 2 a front view of the same. The main or fixed
framing of the machine is seen at a, a, a, a, and the moveable hank or pin
frame at b, 6; 1 call this the pin frame because it carries the pins c, c, upon
which the threads are wound or reeled to form the hanks. This pin frame is

page_text: provided with centre pins or axles d, upon which it may be rotated when
required; these centre pins or axles being mounted in the moveable plummer
blocks f. f. at each end of the frame; these plummer blocks rest upon and
are moveable along the cross pieces g. 9, of the fixed framing by the means
hereafter explained. The pin frame b,b, is maintained in a vertical position
(while the winding operation is going forward) by means of a hook or catch e,
which takes hold of a pin or stud fixed in the side of the frame b.
.
In carrying out my Invention the cops or bobbins h containing the yarns
or threads to be reeled are arranged in any suitable and convenient manner
as shewn in the Drawing so as to allow the yarns to be taken off with facility,
and the ends of the yarns are passed through eyes i, formed at the ends of
wire rods k, attached to a moveable bar j, to which a reciprocating motion is
communicated in the manner hereafter explained. This bar j is moved up
and down in a vertical direction in front of the pin frame b, by means of the
levers h*, h*, which work in the guides *, *, attached to the side framing a, a,
and as the eyes i at the ends of the wire rods k, pass round the wooden or
other pegs c, the yarns are taken from the cops or bobbins h, and are reeled
or wound on to the pins or pegs c, of the pin frame b. The levers h* are
connected by means of the links or rods l, l, to the cranks m, m, on the main
driving shaft, and are actuated thereby or they may be actuated by hand.
In combination with the above-mentioned reciprocating vertical motion of
the bar j, the latter has also an endway motion communicated to it so that by
the combination of the two motions, the eyes i, i, through which the yarns
pass to the pegs c of the pin frame 6 are made to describe a motion somewhat
of this form
00
and by this means will cross the threads in the hank
which, when produced, will have some resemblance to an elongated figure 8;
by this means each yarn or thread as it is reeled on to the pegs is passed across
and thus forms a crossing in the hank at or near the centre, as seen in the
Drawing. To effect this object the bar is made to work freely in sockets
attached to the levers h*, as seen best in Fig. 1, so as to admit of the bar j
moving laterally when required. The bar j is also provided with a projecting
pin or stud o, which works in the grooves 1, 2, 3, made in the back of the
curved guide p, which is screwed on to the side of the fixed framing as
shewn in Figs. 1 and 2. Part of this curved guide p, together with the bar j
and pin o, all drawn upon an enlarged scale, are shewn detached at Figs. 3
and 4, Fig. 3 being a sectional view, and Fig. 4 a back view of the guide

page_text: shewing the grooves 1, 2, 3, therein; these grooves are shewn in dotted
lines in Fig. 2, and by causing the pin o of the bar j to move therein the
eyes i, i, of the wires n will be made to describe a motion somewhat resem-
bling
00:
; it will therefore be seen that by causing the bar j to move:
up and down by means of the levers * and rod 7 the pin o will first move up
the groove 1, and from the top of this groove it will be guided by the curve at
the upper end in the direction of the arrow, thus giving the bar ja lateral
motion to the right, the pin will then descend the central groove 2 until it
arrives at the moveable curved piece 7, which, by having a vibrating motion
communicated to it will guide the pin o, into the groove 8, up which it
ascends, until it reaches the curved end of the groove whereby the pin will be
shogged to the left and made to descend the central groove 2 a second time.
In the meantime the vibrating curved piece q will have been turned on its
centre, and by its point being shifted to the opposite side of the groove, as
shewn by dotted lines in Fig. 4, the pin o will be guided into the groove 1,
up which it will ascend a second time, and so on until the hank is complete.
It will be seen that the pin frame 6 is mounted in moveable bearings f,
which are capable of sliding on the cross pieces g, g, of, the frame. This
traversing motion is effected by means of the screw shafts 4, which pass
through female screws adapted to the bottom of the moveable plummer blocks.
These shafts 4 carry ratchet wheels 5, which are actuated by palls or clicks 6;
attached to the vibrating levers h*; it will therefore be evident that when the
levers * are moved up and down as indicated by the dotted lines, the palls or
clicks 6, will at every descent of the levers push round the ratchet wheels 5,
and their shafts 4, and will thus draw back the pin frame b, a sufficient
distance to admit of the thread being laid on the pins c, c, in regular and
proper order, as shewn in the Drawing. The pin or peg frame b is mounted
on pivots d, so as to admit of the frame being turned over when required.
Another set of reeling pegs c* are adapted to the back or other side of the
frame, so that when the pegs on one side of the frame are filled or charged
with yarn or hanks of yarn, it will only be necessary to turn the frame over
on its pivots, and a second set of pegs will be presented ready to be filled, and
while the reeling operation is being carried on with the second set of pegs
under the care of one attendant, the hanks that have just been reeled may be
divided and leashed by another attendant at the back of the machine and may
then be removed from the frame.
Instead of passing the screw shaft 4 through a female screw attached to the

page_text: "
under side of the plummer block, a moveable half nut may be adapted to the
screw in such a manner as to admit of it being removed therefrom
when it is required to push back the plummer block into its normal position
to receive a fresh hank. In order to move back the plummer block when it is
arranged in the manner shewn in the Drawing, a small winch handle is to be
applied to the square end of the shaft, and the latter turned with rapidity in
the opposite direction to that in which it is rotated by the click or pall, but
when a half nut is used it will only be necessary to relieve the shaft from the
half nut, and then the plummer block may be pushed back by hand ready to
commence winding on the empty pegs or pins.
To facilitate the dividing and leashing of the reeled yarns and the removal
of the banks from the pegs c of the frame b, small divided pegs or clips 9, 9,
are fixed on the top and bottom of the pin frame for the purpose of receiving
a thread of cotton from the cops 10 below. It will be understood that when
a suitable number of rounds of thread have been wound on to the pin frame to
form a leash or hank, the pin frame is turned round on its centre in the
direction of the arrows, and as indicated by the dotted lines. In so doing
the thread from the cops 10 becomes wound or placed on the pin frame, and
is secured in the clips 9, where it remains until the hank is reeled over or upon
it, so that on the pin frame 6 being turned round with the banks upon it, a
length of the cotton thread from the cops 10 is found behind each bank, and
with these cotton threads the attendant leashes or secures each bank, after
which they may be taken off the frame. The back side of the frame will then
be empty and ready to be turned round to the front to be again filled.
It will be obvious that a greater number of hanks may be reeled at one
time than are shewn in the Drawing, and by a little modification in the
construction of the parts, a similar arrangement of machinery may be
employed for reeling hanks on to the pegs without crossing the hanks; there
are, however, some important advantages in crossing the threads, one of which
is that the banks are more regular than according to the old mode, and every
strand or thread being in a separate place, the bank may be more readily
scoured and dyed, and the proper ends of the hanks found with certainty,
although several broken ends may be found in the hank. Another advantage
of my improved machine is, that it may be at work continuously, as one set of
hanks may be removed while another set is being reeled on, thus saving much
time and labour. It will also be found that hanks reeled in this machine will
have less breakage and loss in winding when wound from my patent holder
before mentioned, than when reeled according to the old plan.
Having now described my Invention of improved machinery for reeling and

page_text: leashing yarn or thread, and having explained the manner of carrying the
same into effect, I claim as the Invention secured to me by Letters Patent as
aforesaid, the machine or apparatus herein set forth and described, or any
mere modification thereof for reeling and leashing yarn.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Leach, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirty-first day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-nine.
GEO. LEACH. (L.S.)