A NEW MODE OF FASTENING BUTTONS TO GARMENTS, AND AN IMPROVED BUTTON; AND ALSO IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFAC- TURING THE SAME
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontaine Moreau,
of the English and Foreign Patent Office, 4, South Street,
Finsbury, London, and 89, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, for the
Invention of "A NEW MODE OF FASTENING BUTTONS TO GARMENTS,
AND AN IMPROVED BUTTON; AND ALSO IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFAC-
TURING THE SAME."-A communication.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Peter Armand
Le Comte de Fontaine Moreau at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th July 1853.
I, PETER ARMAND LE COMTE DE FONTAINE MOREAU, of the English
and Foreign Patent Office, 4, South Street, Finsbury, and of 39, Rue
de l'Echiquier, Paris, France, do hereby declare that the nature of
the Invention for "A NEW MODE OF FASTENING BUTTONS TO GARMENTS,
AND AN IMPROVED BUTTON; AND ALSO IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING
THE SAME," to be as follows:-

page_text: The Invention communicated to me consists,-
First, in machinery for manufacturing buttons.
Secondly, an improved method of fastening buttons to garments.
Figures 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 7, represent the different parts of the
machinery to form the shank.
Figures 9, 15, and 16, represent parts of the machinery for making
the buttons.
Figures 4, 11, 12, 18, 14, and 14ª, represent the buttons when made,
and the various parts forming the Invention.
In order to fasten the buttons to garments the shank of the button
is introduced into a slit cut in the garment, and fastened to an under
button provided with an open shank or hook, as shewn in Figure 4.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontaine Moreau
in the Great Seal Patent Office, on the 19th January 1854.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
PETER ARMAND LE COMTE DE FONTAINE MOREAU, of the English and
Foreign Patent Office, 4, Sonth Street, Finsbury, London, and 39, Rue
de l'Echiquier, Paris, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of July, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the seventeenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontaine
Moreau, Her special licence that I, the said Peter Armand Le Comte
de Fontaine Moreau, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Peter Armand Le Comte de Fontaine
Moreau, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise. and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man. an Inven-

page_text: tion for A NEW MODE OF FASTENING BUTTONS TO GARMENTS, AND AN
IMPROVED BUTTON; AND ALSO IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING THE
SAME," communicated to me from a foreigner residing abroad, upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Peter Armand Le Comte
de Fontaine Moreau, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar mouths next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Peter Arimaud Le Comte de
Fontaine Moreau, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof,
reference being had to the Drawing hereto annexed, and to the figures
marked thereon, that is to say:
The first part of the Invention communicated to me consists in the
employment of an under button made with a hook, which I call button
hook, which is passed through the shank of the button, and secures it
to the garment without sewing. The second part consists in casting tin
or other white metal buttons for uniforms, in lieu of stamping, cutting,
and other similar processes which are generally resorted to, and which
are more expensive than casting; and the third part consists in certain
machinery for manufacturing the said button hook, and which I will
now proceed to describe by the aid of the annexed Drawing.
Figure 1, a view of one half of the frame for producing the hook of
the under button. 1, is a small iron plate, fixed by a screw, the bottom
part of which projects at right angles, so as to stop the metal rod forming
the hook; 2, the knife for cutting the rod of the required length; 3, a
top piece for giving, when pressed down, the curve to the rod of which
the hook is formed; 4, opening of the frame, also seen in Figure 3;
5, pins.
Figure 2, represents the other part of the frame. 1, empty space,
allowing the books to fall down when made; 2, a sharp edge for cutting
the rod while it slides under the knife 2, Figure 1; its circular groove,

page_text: closing upon the top part 3, Figure 1, forms the hook, and at the same
time flattens the whole length of the wire. The four holes 8, receive
the bolts 5, Figure 1, by which means the two parts of the frame are
fixed together. The two bevils 4, at the sides of the framic are made
for opening. it. The screw 5, serves to fix the position of the knife 2.
Figure 3, shews the frame closed: The metal ród is seen at 1, while
being introduced under the knife 2, Figure 2, through the central
opening 4; 2, top piece for uniting the knife 2, and punch 3, Figure 1,
and causing them to work together by the action of the press. The
knife and punch are shown in a raised position, and before they receive
the pressure which causes them to cut and flatten the wire for the hook.
Figure 4, shews a hook cut and flattened as it comes from the frame.
Figure 5, one half of a frame for producing the washer to which the
hook is rivetted. 1, punch for cutting the copper plate, shewn at
Figure 8, into washers; 2, another punch, having a slightly projecting
edge, for cutting and curving the washer so as to receive the hook;
8, Figure 7, part of the external plate which unites the two punches
and sets them in motion by the same action of the press; 4, & 5, are
pins and holes for fixing the two parts of the frame together. Figure 6,
the other part of the herein-before mentioned frame. 1, annular space
through which the washer passes while being cut; 2, steady pin for
holding the copper band; 3, space in which the washer is formed at
each stroke of the press. It is to be observed, that at each stroke of
the press a washer is made, and the risings formed of the one that is to
be set immediately afterwards upon the punch. Figure 7, shews the
two parts of the punch for the washers united. 1, is the aperture
through which the strips of copper are introduced to be cut into
washers; 2, is the plate, a portion of which is seen at Figure 5, uniting
the square punch 2, for producing the risings with the cylindrical punch
1, for cutting the washers; 3, bevil for opening the frame. Figures
15, and 16, are the stamping dies for rivetting the hook and fixing it to
the washer. Figure 11, is an under button plate with its hook rivetted
on and completely finished; also seen in front, back, and side views.
Figure 12, shews a tin button for uniforms. While the metal is being
cast an iron wire or brass shank is introduced, which remains fixed on

page_text: cooling. This shank permits it to be hooked to the button hook, which
would not be practicable with the ordinary buttons. Figure 13, shews
the front and side of the button fixed by the hook. Figure 14, is a
brace button hook.
And having now described the nature of the said Iuvention, and the
manner of carrying out the same, I wish it to be understood that what
I claim as new and of the Invention communicated to me is, firstly, the
peculiar construction of a button hook for fastening buttons on garments,
and the machinery for producing the same, as herein-before described
and referred to in Figures 1, to 11, and 14, 15, and 16, of the Drawing;
secondly, the casting of white uniform buttons, in lieu of stamping or
die sinking and cutting as heretofore practised, as herein-before described
and referred to in Figures 12, and 18. of the Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Peter Armand Le Comte de
Fontaine Moreau, have hereto set my hand and seal, this
Nineteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord One thou-
sand eight hundred and fifty-four.
L DE FONTAINE MOREAU. (L.S.)
L DE FONTAINE MOREAU. (L.s.)