IMPROVE- exime in ROLLERS PAD ROLLING LAND
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Rumbelow and Henry Kendall, of Bury
St. Edmunds, in the County of Suffolk, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
exime in ROLLERS PAD ROLLING LAND"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Rumbelow and
Henry Kendall at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 13th March 1867.
We, GEORGE RUMBELOW and HENRY KENDALL, of Bury St. Edmunds, in
the County of Suffolk, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR ROLLING LAND," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in rollers for rolling land.
In order that the same implement may be used either as a plain or smooth
roll, or as a ribbed or toothed roll, we form the roller of a number of rings
mounted on an axle, and when the implement is arranged as a ribbed roll the
rings employed are of two different sizes, alternately large and small, the large
rings forming the ribs and the smaller ones corresponding with the hollows
between the ribs. In order to prevent the earth entering between the rings
and coming on to the axle so as to interfere with the proper lubrication thereof
we make each alternate ring with flanges projecting from its periphery on each
side, and the adjacent rings have corresponding grooves or sockets into which
these flanges fit. In place of the rings which form the ribs of the ribbed roll

page_text: similar rings with teeth upon them may be employed. When the implement
is required for use as a smooth roll then all the rings mounted on the axle are
of the same size, and they are made alternately with flanges at the side, and
grooves or sockets to receive the flanges, as already described. In order to
lubricate the axle on which the rings turn it is made hollow and is partly filled
with oil, which may be introduced at one end; this axle is perforated with a
number of holes on the hinder side, from which, however, the oil does not
escape, or escapes only in a small quantity whilst the implement is in use,
because the holes are then above the level of the oil, but by tilting the frame
when the implement is out of use the holes can be brought to the bottom and
then the oil flows freely into the bosses of the rings. In order to scrape the
surface of the roller we mount an axis on the frame at the back of the roller
and parallel to it; on this axis a number of small scrapers are mounted so as to
be able to turn upwards, but they are prevented dropping beyond the hori-
zontal position by a bar on which they rest, and the bar is placed between
their axis and the surface of the roller. The ends of the scrapers do not touch
the roller, but they come sufficiently close up to its surface to remove the
adhering earth. The scrapers are held down to the bar on which they rest
with sufficient force to ensure their cleaning the roll by a rail passing along.the
top of them; this rail is carried by lever arms to which springs are attached,
so that it may allow the scrapers to lift should any heavy strain come upon
them from a stone becoming jammed or from any other cause. When the roll
is set up with a ribbed roller there is a scraper in each space between the ribs,
and there are spaces between the scrapers opposite the ribs, when, however,
the implement is set with a smooth roller the scrapers are set close together
from side to side of the implement.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Rumbelow and Henry Kendall in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 13th September 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, GEORGE
RUMBELOW and HENRY KENDALL, of Bury St. Edmunds, in the County of
Suffolk, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the

page_text: said George Rumbelow and Henry Kendall, Her special licence that we, the
said. George Rumbelow and Henry Kendall, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, the said George Rumbelow and Henry
Kendall, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS FOR
ROLLING LAND," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said George
Rumbelow and Henry Kendall, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and
seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Rumbelow, on behalf of myself
and the said Henry Kendall, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly,
described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, that is
to say:
This Invention has for its object improvements in rollers for rolling land.
We form the roller of a number of rings mounted on an axle, and in order to
lubricate the bearings on the axle it is made hollow, and is partly filled with
oil, which may be introduced at one end. This axle is perforated on the
hinder side with holes in each bearing, from which holes however the oil does.
not escape, or escapes only in a small quantity whilst the implement is in use,
because the boles are then above the level of the oil, but by tilting the frame
when the implement is out of use the holes can be brought to the bottom, and
then the oil flows freely into the bosses or bearings. In order to scrape the
surface of the roller we mount an axis on the frame at the back of the roller
and parallel to it; on this axis a number of small scrapers are mounted, so
as to be able to turn upwards, but they are prevented dropping beyond the
horizontal position by a bar on which they rest, and the bar is placed between
their axis and the surface of the rollers. The ends of the scrapers do not
touch the roller, but they come sufficiently close up to its surface to remove
the adhering earth. The scrapers are held down to the bar on which they
rest with sufficient, force to ensure their cleaning the roller by a rail passing
along the top of them; this rail is carried by lever arms to which springs are

page_text: come upon them from a stone becoming jammed, or from any other cause.
And in order that our said Invention may be most fully understood, and
readily carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is an end view of a roller constructed according to our Invention ;
Figure 2 is a plan of the same with the upper part removed.
"
a, a, is the top frame, to which the pole is fixed, and a', a', are the two end
frames which carry the tubular axle b; it is clipped in its bearings in the
frames a¹, a', in such manner as to prevent it rotating. c, c, are the rings of
which the roller is composed; these rings may each be made with a rib upon
it, as is shown in Figures 1 and 2, or they may be alternately ribbed and
plain, as is shewn at Figure 3, or they may be all plain, as is shown at
Figure 4, so as to make up a smooth roller; or again, each ring may have
teeth upon it. To avoid friction we prefer not to make each ring with a
separate bearing on the axle, but we employ frames or reels to carry a number
of rings.
Figure 5 is a long dinal section of a reel such as is employed in the
roller shown at Figures 1 and 2, with the rings upon it; there may be three
or other number of reels in the length of the roller. Each reel is made with
a ring at one end having a central boss and bearing on the axle 6; into this
ring the bars d, d, are fixed, and at their other ends the bars are fixed into a
disc e, which also has a central boss and bearing on the axle. The reel carries
rings c which cover it from end to end; all these rings are open in the centre,
except the end ring already mentioned, and another ring at the other extremity
of the reel which overlaps and covers the disc e, and has a central boss and
bearing upon the axle b.
Figures 3 and 4 are side views of reels with other forms of rings upon
them. On the end frames a¹, a', oil cups are formed, as is shown. A section
through one of these cups is shown at Figure 6; the cup cominunicates with
the interior of the hollow axle b, the ends of which are closed by screw plugs b',
and the axle is charged with oil from time to time by means of the cup.
Within each of the bearings already mentioned a hole is bored in the axle at
such a level as not to let the oil run out when the frame of the implement is
at its working level, but by tilting up the pole for a short time when lubri-
cation is required the axle is turned so far round as to allow the oil to run out
by the holes into the bearings. At the back of the roll the frames, a¹, a¹, carry

page_text: an axis fon which the scrapers g are able to turn freely; these scrapers rest
upon the supporting bar h which is fixed in the frames a¹, a', and they are
held down against it by the rail i which is carried by arms i, t, on the axisf.
,, are arms fixed to the rail i; their upper ends are connected with coiled
springs k attached to the frame, so that the springs serve to hold the scrapers
down to the roll, but yield to avoid breakage should any great strain come
upon any of the scrapers. In some cases we make rollers to roll along ridges
and furrows; in this case we arrange a frame similar to the frames a¹ in the
centre of the roller. The roll is made up of two reels, one on each side of
this central frame, which carries the axes of the reels in such manner as to
allow them to rise and fall in guides on the frame, the end frames also hold
the axes in such manner as to admit of this movement, thus the two reels
are able to assume positions inclined to each other, and to adapt themselves to
the inclination of the ridge or of the furrow.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Rumbelow, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
GEORGE RUMBELOW. (L.S.)