Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Surfacing and Polishing.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Oct., 1896-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for Surfacing and
Polishing.
I, JOSEPH SCHENKER, of Schoenenwerd, Switzerland, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to the class of machines used for producing level surfaces
by means of a rotating hollow cylinder, one end or edge of which forms the
working tool.
The hollow cylinder may be :-
(a) Homogeneous: the hollow cylinder consisting of a polishing or grinding
material, which on one side or end is concentrically connected with a disc or
drum.
(b) A hollow cylinder formed of polishing or grinding material, with a bottom,
after the manner of a cup wheel.
(c) A hollow metal cylinder, to which a grinding or polishing substance, semi-fluid
or liquid, is so conducted that it is distributed over the front side of the cylinder by
means of its rotation.
(d) A hollow cylindrical cutter fitted at the top with teeth, arranged for
manipulating with soft metal stone, horn, wood, and the like.
(e) A circular disc or drum, which is so fitted with means for cutting, rubbing,
scraping or polishing, that the same describes the hollow cylindrical form in
rotation.
In all the above described forms of working the cylinder rotates under a cover
plate or frame so constructed that one or more segmental slot or slots is or are
provided through which the edge or end of the cylinder protrudes, and whereby
it is capable of being brought into contract with the material to be surfaced or
polished.
This arrangement affords the operator a free hand and great facility in
manipulating the work on the cover or bridge plate.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and ascertained
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is an end elevation, Fig. 2 a plan, Fig. 3 a side elevation, and Fig. 4 a
sectional elevation, shewing one method of carrying out my invention, the tool
rotating on a vertical axis.
Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a vertical section illustrating another arrangement, Fig. 7 being a further
modification, and Fig. 8 a plan view of Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is an end view, Fig. 10 a side elevation, and Fig. 11 a plan of a machine,
having the tool rotating upon a horizontal axis.
Fig. 12 is an enlarged sectional elevation on the line y y of Fig. 9.
Fig. 13 is an enlarged horizontal section on the line zz of Fig. 9, and Fig. 14 is
a section on the line z z¹ of Fig. 11..
Referring to Figs. 2 and 4, A indicates the hollow cylinder or tool for manipulating
the work, the tool being fixed to the disc B, and driven by the pulley D, fast on the
spindle C, and by the driving band D¹.

page_text: The upper surface of the hollow cylinder A is in the level of the table E,
Figs. 2 and 6, which is not adjustable. F, indicates the cover over the cylindrical
space a, the level of which corresponds to the level of the table E; and of the top
of the cylinder A. In this case the covering F, is integral with the frame or
stand G; capable of being turned, into the grooves g of which the segments of the
cylinder catch, which then are not in action. The bridge plate F completely
covers the cavity of the cylinder, so that only the working. segments of the same
are visible.
The horizontal surface of the table H is somewhat lowered, whereby the distance
of. the same from the level of the cylinder determines the thickness of the chip to
be cut off.
The arrangement or device for regulating the height of the table H may be of
any description suitable for the purpose. As shewn in Figs. 1 to 4 it consists of a
lever y, one end of which is fitted to the socket gl attached to the table G, the
other end of the lever y being formed to act as a nut to the screw i whereby the
table H may be either raised or lowered. The lever penetrates the stud h of
the table H.
The arrangement or device for regulating the position of the hollow cylinder A
may be differently constructed. According to Figs. 1 to 4, the same consists of
a stationary screw spindle K, in the machine frame G', and revolvably situated
lever L, on the spindle nut k, of which lever one end supports the axially-movable
cylinder M, which carries the spindle C, and its connections, and the other end of
this lever L is fitted with the regulating screw N. The setting of the cylinder A.
is effected first by the screw K and secondly by the regulating screw N.
Referring to Fig. 6 the cover F' is supported by the central rod f, the lower
end being socketed in the frame G2. For regulating the hollow cylinder A¹ a
similar arrangement or device suffices, as shewn in Figs. 1 to 3, for placing the
movable table plate H.
Fig. 7 represents a method of operation, according to which the spindle of the
hollow cylinder A is arranged obliquely to the table level and the bridge or
cover F2 is integral with the immovable table plate E. By this arrangement, a
small segment protrudes through the table (Fig. 8) so that a hollow surface may be
cut in the material operated upon. This arrangement is not used in working
perfectly level surfaces but may be used for planing roughly.
In Figures 9 to 14 another method of operation is illustrated, with a vertically
rotating cylinder A. The spindle C carrying the hollow cylinder A³ is held or
supported by the frame O, moveable in dovetail guides g² of the framework G³, and
capable of being fixed by means of the accessory plate g³ and set screws g.
By pushing the frame the primary placing of the circular planing tool is
effected.
The table E³ has a horizontal surface e and a vertical surface e¹ and forms a
support to the cover F3 and is adjustable in the dovetail guides g³ on the frame G³.
The spring P is attached at one end to a bolt screwed to the frame g³, and at the
other end to the foot of the table E³, for the purpose of drawing the table E³ and
with it the cover F3 towards the cylindrical tool A³.
For ensuring a more precise adjustment of the table E3 with its vertical surface e¹
and the cover F3 on the front side of the cylinder A³ a lever Q is pivoted to the
foot of the table E³, the lower end abutting against the end of a slot in the
frame G³, the other end being penetrated by the regulating screw R.
The vertical table H2 is rendered adjustable by means of the lug ', the
regulating screw s, and the lever T, as shewn (one end of which lever actuates the
lug h, and the other being governed by the screw S.) whereby the table H² can be
placed in any required position in relation to the edge of the cylinder A³, and the
depth of cut likewise regulated.
The object to be worked upon is laid on the table H, and fed against the cylindrical
tool whereby it travels over the cover F. as the tool revolves."

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A machine for surfacing and polishing surfaces, by means of a rotating
hollow cylindrical tool, having the open central portion covered and suitably
connected with the machine frame or table of the same, leaving the tool protruding
either completely or in segments, substantially as herein before described and
illustrated by the drawings.
2. A machine for the purposes aforesaid, in which the cover over the open central
portion of the tool is supported from the working side of the tool substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
3. A machine for the purposes aforesaid in which the cover over the open central
portion of the tool is supported from the impulsion side of the tool, substantially as
herein before described and illustrated by the drawings..
4. The improvements in machinery or apparatus for surfacing and polishing,
substantially as herein before described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated 14th October ToyU.
GEO. DOWNING,
8 Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent.
GEO.
DOWNING,
8 Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent.