IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES OR FIRE-PLACES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Doulton, of High Street, Lambetli, in the '
County of Surrey, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES
OR FIRE-PLACES."
Scaled the 6th July 1875, and dated the 30th January 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Doulton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th January 1875.
I, JAMES DOULTON, of High Street, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN
STOVES OR FIRE-PLACES," to be as follows:-
F
This Invention has for its object improvements in stoves or fire-
places. For this purpose the ordinary chimney recess into which the
stove or fire-grate, is ordinarily fixed I divide by two vertical partitions
into three vertical chambers. The two outer chambers are closed in at.
the front with ornamental tiles; the central chamber, which at the top
is open to the chimney, is also closed in at the front with tiles to within
about 12 inches of the hearth. The fire is lighted directly upon the

page_text: hearth, and the flue being brought closely down to it the draught is
increased, and smoky chimneys prevented. A damper is introduced to
check the draught, and just below this damper side openings are formed
into flues, which are led downwards in the two side chambers, and then
upwards to enter the chimney above the damper; these flues may be
built up of tiles. At the back of the fire is an inclined fire-brick or
lump, behind which is an opening for admission of fresh air. The air
entering behind this fire-brick passes freely into the two side chambers,
and after being warmed in these chambers escapes into the room through
suitable gratings.
.
The only metal work required for stoves or fire-places of this con-
struction is for the damper. A fire-bar or bars carried by dogs standing
on the tile hearth in front of the fire may also be used if desired.
I also construct close stoves with ascending and descending flues
contained within a casing, to which fresh air may be admitted, and after
being warmed therein allowed to escape into the room or building.
If the flue is to be led away from the top of the stove three vertical.
flues may be used, the gases from the, fire rising up one flue, passing
down another, and rising up the third to pass to the chimney.
If the flue is to be led away from the bottom four flues may be similarly.
1
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
-
filed by the said James Doulton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 30th July 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES 2
DOULTON, of High Street, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the a
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said James Doulton, Her special
license that I, the said James Doulton, my executors, administrators,

page_text: '
and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Doulton, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STOVES OR FIRE-PLACES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said James Doulton, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Doulton, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:
This Invention has for its object improvements in stoves or fire-places.
For this purpose the ordinary chimney recess into which the stove or
fire-grate is ordinarily fixed I divide by two vertical partitions into three
vertical chambers. The two outer chambers are closed in at the front.
with ornamental tiles; the central chamber, which at the top is open
to the chimney, is also closed in at the front with tiles to within about
12 inches of the hearth. The fire is lighted directly upon the hearth,
and the flue being brought closely. down to it the draught is increased;
and smoky chimnies prevented. A damper or valve is introduced to
check the draught, and just below this damper or valve side openings
are formed into flues, which are led downwards in the two side chambers,
and then upwards to enter the chimney above the damper; these flues
may be built up of tiles. At the back of the fire is an inclined fire-brick.
or lump, behind which is an opening for admission of fresh air. The air
entering behind this fire-brick passes freely into the two side chambers,
and after being warmed in these chambers escapes into the room through
suitable gratings.
The only metal work required for stoves or fire-places of this con-.

page_text: Figure 1 is a front elevation of a stove constructed in accordance with
my Invention; Figure 2 is a sectional plan view; Figure 3, a vertical
section on the line x, x, Figure 2; and Figure 4 is a vertical section on
the line y, y, Figure 2.
:
+
a, a, are the two vertical partitions dividing the chimney recess into
three vertical chambers. The two outer chambers are closed in at the
front with ornamental tiles b, b; these tiles have the advantage of freely
radiating the heat. The central chamber is also closed in at the front
with the tiles c to within about 12 inches of the tile hearth d. A damper
or butterfly valve e is introduced above the fire, which when open allows
the draft to pass straight up the chimney, but when closed turns it
through the side openings f¹ into the flues fin the side air chamber,
after traversing which it passes to the chimney through the side
openings f. The flues'f may be made of any suitable shape so long as
they take a circuitous course in the side air.chambers so as to heat the
air in them. g is the inclined fire-brick or lump at the back of the fire,
and is the opening to admit air into the side air chambers. If the fire-
place is built in an outer wall the opening is made direct into the open
air. Where however this cannot be done the air must be led in by a
flue. The opening h may be closed, as shown, by a valve worked from:
the room. kare gratings to allow the warm air from the side air
chambers to escape into the room. These openings may be made, as
shown, just under the mantelshelf, or flues may be led up from the side
air chambers, one on each side of the central chimney flue, so as to
discharge the hot air at the ceiling. are the fire-bars carried by
moveable side dogs, so that they may be moved backwards or forwards,
according as it is desired to diminish or increase the size of the fire.
_ Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that what I
claim is,
Thient
'The store or fire-place as described and shown in the Drawings.

page_text: Second. Dividing the chimney recess into three vertical chambers, the
two side ones being closed at the front with tiles, and communicating
with the outer air and with the room, and having within them circuitous
flues through which the draft up the central chamber to the chimney
can be turned when desired, the central chamber being closed at the top
of the front to within a short distance of the hearth, and opening at the
top into the chimney, all substantially. as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Doulton, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
JAMES DOULTON. (L.S.)