Improvements in and in connection with Hinges for Sliding Window Sashes, also applicable to House and Furniture Doors.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 9th Nov., 1895-Accepted, 8th Feb., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in connection with Hinges for Sliding
Window Sashes, also applicable to House and Furniture
Doors.
I, GEORGE CRAIG BROWN Junr. of 85 Oxford Street, Glasgow, Upholsterer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention mainly relates to windows of the class which are hinged so as to
open inwards for cleaning or repairing purposes.
The object of the invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive method of
hinging.
In carrying out my invention for the lower sash I secure at one side of the sash,
preferably at a few inches from the top a hinge of special construction and also,
at a few inches from the bottom, I secure another of these hinges.
Each of these hinges, which is preferably fitted vertically on the sash, has one
leaf made with two slots in it one above the other. The upper slot has an enlarged
part at its lower end whilst the lower slot may either be provided with a similar
widened out part or be open at its lower end.
Screws or knobs are secured to the batten rod in such a position that they can
be made to enter and lock into the slots in the hinges.
For the upper sash pivot and socket hinges may be provided the pivots being
preferably secured to the sashes whilst the sockets are secured to the parting bead
although the arrangement may be vice versa.
Either or both sashes may be hung by a single cord.
The batten rod at the opposite side of the window to that on which the hinges
are fitted is cut at a suitable height in order to allow it to be removed out of the
way when the window is turned inwards.
The arrangement for the lower sash is such that all that is necessary in order to
hinge the window is to raise it slightly until the slots in the hinges come opposite
the corresponding screws or projections on the batten rod when the slotted leaves
are turned so that the enlarged parts of the slots pass over the heads of the screws
or projections, whereupon the window sash is pulled down until the shanks of the
screws or projections pass up to the top of the narrow parts of the slots, which
narrow parts are smaller in width than the diameter of the screw heads, and, as a
consequence, the sash is securely hinged to the batten rod and can be swung
thereon.
This method of binging whilst being extremely simple is very inexpensive.
If desired the slots may be somewhat of a L or other like shape. The upper
sash may also be hinged if desired with the slotted hinges instead of the pivot and
socket binges.
The special hinge herein before specified is also applicable for use in hinging
house doors and for doors of cupboards, bookcases and other furniture.
Dated this 8th day of February 1895.

page_text: Improvements in and in connection with Hinges for Sliding
Window Sashes, also applicable to House and Furniture
Doors.
I, GEORGE CRAIG BROWN Junior, of 85 Oxford Street, Glasgow, Upholsterer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to windows of the class which are hinged so as to open
inwards for cleaning or repairing purposes.
The object of the invention is to provide a simple and inexpensive method of
hinging the sashes.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I have hereunto
appended an explanatory sheet of drawings, whereon,
Fig. 1 shows one form and arrangement of the improved hinging device.
Fig. 2 shows in plan the hinges in action with the sashes swung inwards for
cleaning purposes.
Fig. 3 is a view of another form of the hinge.
Fig. 4 shows a third form of the hinge.
Fig. 5 shows a form of the hinge similar to Fig. 4 adapted for the upper sash.
Fig. 6 shows an arrangement whereby both hinges for the lower sash are operated
simultaneously. The frame is in section.
On the drawings Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 6 the sash is shown as pushed outwards in
order to show the hinges more clearly.
The same reference letters wherever repeated indicate the same or similar parts.
In my invention I combine together a double leaf hinge fitted to the batten rod
and having one or two slots in one of its leaves and a screw which is inserted in
the sash and is capable of being caught in or on the slot so as to support the sash
and enable it to be turned inwards. The slots in the hinges are of a special shape.
This arrangement is exceedingly simple, cheap and efficient.
I am aware that various hinging devices have already been invented for windows
and it is to be understood that I wish my invention to be confined to the construc-
tions, or substantially the same constructions, as herein after described by me.
Referring to Fig. 1, the lower sash a (which is shown with a part broken away)
is provided with two hinges b, c, one at the top and one at the bottom. Both of
these hinges are secured to the batten rod f, by means of the screws f¹. The top
hinge c has one of its leaves made with a slot d which is long and narrow at its
upper part d'and is widened out into a large circular hole d² at its lower end.
A screw e for this hinge is inserted in the sash a. The bottom hinge b has also
one of its leaves made with a slot g which is circular at its upper end g' and long
and narrow at its lower part g². A screw e¹ for this hinge is also inserted in the
sash a.
It will be seen that the upper slot d whilst being much longer than the
lower slot 9 is also reversed i.e. its widened out part is at the bottom whereas
the widened out part of the slot g is at the top. The circular widened out parts of
each slot are much larger than the heads of the screws so that the latter can easily
and readily be inserted in them.
With this arrangement the slotted leaves of the hinges are folded back against
the batten rod when not in use so that the sash a can be readily raised and

page_text: lowered without the screws e, e', catching in the slotted leaves. When it is desired
to swing the window sash inwards the upper hinge e is opened and the sash raised
until the screw e enters the hole when the sash is pushed up until the screw
reaches the top of the slot as shown in the figure. The lower hinge b is now opened
out and the hole g¹ passed over the screw e¹ which should be in line with it, as,
when the screw e is at the top of the slot d the relative positions of the screw e¹.
and slot g should be as shown on the drawings if the hinges are properly fitted.
The sash is now lowered until the screw e rests at the bottom of the part g2 of the
slot as shown in dotted lines. The upper screw should now be in the position in
the slot d shown in dotted lines. The pulley cord at the side opposite the hinges
is now detached and the batten rod at that side also removed or turned out of the
way. The sash can now be swung inwards turning on the hinges like a door.
The lower hinge serves as the support for the sash whilst the upper hinge prevents
the screws being disengaged through any slight accidental or other raising of the
window. By making the holes d², g' a good deal larger than the screws the latter
are easily inserted in the slots. The heads of the screws are of course larger than
the width of the narrow parts of the slots.
Fig. 2 shows the sashes turned inwards on the hinges. i is the frame, f the inner
bead or batten rod, c one of the hinges and a' the sashes.
α,
The
Fig. 3 shows a form of hingej having two slots in its leaf one slot / being similar
to the slot g of the hinge baforesaid, whilst the other slot k is an open one.
slot k, as will be seen, is of a slightly V shape with curved sides. The object of
making it this shape is to guide its screw e readily into it. Two screws e, el, are
used in this case one for each slot as shown on the drawing. Two of these hinges
and four screws would be used in this case for hinging each sash.
Fig. 4 shows a reversible hinge o adapted to be used for either side of a sash by
merely turning it upside down. Two open V shaped slots l, m, are made in this
hinge one above the other. As will be seen the slots are made in opposite
directions. Two of these hinges with their screws are preferably used for each
sash. With this V shaped form of slot the screws can readily be engaged with the
hinges.
Fig. 6 shows an arrangement wherein the two hinges o, o', of the reversible type
are connected together by a metal bar p so that when the lower hinge is opened or
closed the upper one will work synchronously with it. This is found to be a great
advantage and to facilitate manipulation of the window. The bar p can be either
rivetted, soldered, or otherwise secured to the hinges.
For the upper sash the hinges are made with the slotted leaf much broader than
the other one as shown at Fig. 5. In fitting these hinges the parting bead f' is
checked out for the reception of the hinges which are secured, as indicated at q
Fig. 2, to the window frame i. The increased breadth of the leaf compensates for
the thickness of the parting bead and allows the screw e to be placed in the centre
of the stile of the sash frame in the same manner as in the lower sash. If desired
the hinge can be secured to the parting bead, in this case it is reduced in breadth.
It will be seen in Fig. 2 that whilst the hinge q appears to be in contact with
the bead fit is not really so, as the bead, where the hinge is fitted, is, as afore-
said, checked out. The sash a has only a limited movement and is eventually
stopped by the bead f¹.
Either or both sashes may be hung by a single cord.
The batten rod at the opposite side of the window to that on which the hinges
are fitted is cut at a suitable height in order to allow it to be removed out of the
way when the window is turned inwards.
If desired the screws may be inserted in the batten rod and the hinges on the
sash.
Pins or equivalent may be used instead of screws.
The special hinges herein before specified are also applicable for use in hinging
house doors and for doors of cupboards, book cases, and other furniture.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
consider novel and desire to claim is :-
1. The special hinging devices made and operating substantially as hereiubefore
described with reference to the several figures on the drawings annexed.
Dated this 8th day of November 1895.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.