IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS FOR SHIPS, BUILDINGS, RAILWAY CARRIAGES, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL
DIECIFICATION.
I ARNOLD WRIGHT Kershaw of Lancaster in the County of Lancaster Architect
and Ventilating and Sanitary Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS FOR SHIPS, BUILDINGS, RAILWAY
CARRIAGES, AND OTHER PURPOSES to be as follows:-
The first part of my invention relates to exhaust Ventilators in which fixed
deflectors are used the arrangements proposed being improvements on the Exhaust
Ventilator for which Letters Patent were granted to me May 5th 1882 No 2116.
At the upper end of the upcast shaft communicating with the external air there
are four or more (but by preference four) concentric rims of vertical deflectors or
plates with openings in each the openings being opposite the deflectors in the next
inner or outer rim the effect being that whatever the direction or force of the wind
or rain or of heavy seas in case of Ships all will pass through the Ventilator
without being able to enter the central shaft and in passing produce a partial
vacuum which induces a powerful up-current in the upcast shaft.
i
As a further preventative against rain &c the upcast shaft passes some distance
above the base of the Ventilator to which it is attached or a rim is fixed on base
answering the same purpose.
In the forms and arrangements of Ventilators herein described the various plates
or deflectors may be arranged vertically horizontally or otherwise to best suit the
position and circumstance of the case.
1
T
1004

page_text: .
I, ARNOLD WRIGHT KERSHAW, Architect, Ventilating and Sanitary Engineer
of Lancaster in the County Palatine of Lancaster do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATORS FOR SHIPS, BUILDINGS,
RAILWAY CARRIAGES AND OTHER PURPOSES, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :―
The Invention relates to Exhaust Ventilators, in which fixed deflectors are used,
the arrangement proposed being Improvements in the Exhaust Ventilator for which
Letters Patent were granted me April 5th 1882 Nº 2116.
At the upper end of the upcast shaft communicating with the external air there
are four (or more, but by préference four) concentric rims of vertical deflectors or
plates, with openings in each, the openings being opposite the deflectors in the next
inner or outer rim, the effect being that whatever the direction of the wind or rain
or of heavy seas in case of ships, all will pass through the Ventilator without being
able to enter the central shaft and in passing produce a partial vacuum which
induces a powerful upcurrent in the upcast shaft-Fig 1. shews a horizontal section,
or plan of such Ventilator, and Fig. 2. a sketch view of the same.
The various sets of deflectors may be curved, as shewn on plan, Fig. 1. or they
may be straight, or V shaped as desired, and the rims may be placed pro-
portionately nearer, or farther apart than there shewn, and the openings in each
rim may be increased or decreased in number, or in proportionate size. The tops
or crowns may be flat, segmental, conical, domeshaped, or any other form desired,
and the lower part made to fit any form of pipe, shaft, or base-as an additional
guard against rain &c. the upcast shaft passes some distance above the base of the.
Ventilator to which it is attached, or a rim is fixed on base answering the same
purpose. The Ventilators should be made of sheet metal, or other suitable material,
rivetted, soldered, or otherwise fitted together.
In the forms and arrangements of Ventilators herein described the various plates.
or deflectors, may be arranged vertically, horizontally or otherwise to best suit the
position and circumstance of the case.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said.
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The arrangement shewn and described of introducing four, (or more) rims of
vertical deflectors, the fourth rim being marked a, a, a, a, on Fig. 1, rendering the
Ventilators more proof than hitherto against rain, or such rough weather as they'
are likely to meet with at sea, or on Railway carriages.
In witness whereof I the said Arnold Wright Kershaw have to this my
specification set my hand this twenty third day of October, one thousand,
eight hundred & eighty four.
ARNOLD WRIGHT KERSHAW.