Improvements in Water Taps or Valves.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Mar., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 5th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 17th Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Taps or Valves.
I, ERIK AUGUST BOLINDER, of Kungsgatan No. 31, Stockholm, Sweden,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to he as follows:-
This invention has reference to improvements in water taps. or valves, the object
being to so construct such taps that they shall be self closing and free from shocks.
For this purpose the arrangement is such that the valves are closed by the pressure
of the water in the pipes to which they are connected and that whilst closing a
body of water forming a cushion is slowly expelled from a space between the valve
and a portion of the valve casing.
Referring to the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a tap or valve according to my invention.
In this example there is a secondary valve, for the purpose of establishing a com-
munication between the water conduit and the space between the main valve and
the cylindrical portion before the main valve is opened so as to let the water-
pressure act on the foreside of the main valve as well as on the rearside in order
to facilitate the opening thereof.
Figs. 2 and 3 show longitudinal sections of a similar tap but not provided with
a secondary valve; in Fig. 2 the tap is shown in the closed position and in Fig. 3
in the opened position.
a is the valve body which, in the examples shown, is in the form of a hollow
cylinder closed at its inner end which surrounds and is movable along a fixed
cylindrical part or piston b, which fits the cylinder a and is rigidly fixed to the
valve casing. Between the end of the piston and the bottom of the valve-body
there is a space c, that forms the space for the water cushion. In order to let
water into the space from the water conduit, there is in the bottom of the valve-
body in the modification shewn in Fig. 1 a passage d, closed by a smaller valve
(the secondary valve) e which is normally kept against its seat by the water
pressure. This secondary valve is opened from the exterior of the tap by means
of a spindle fixed to it and passing through a hole in the stationary piston.
After the opening of the secondary valve a shoulder for projection on the
spindle abuts against the body of the main-valve and opens it. is the seat of
the main valve, against which it is kept by the water-pressure. The main valve,
which is guided by the stationary piston only, is surrounded by a space h within
the casing communicating with the water conduit. When the valve is open the
space h is by the lateral openings i in communication with a central passage k in
the stationary piston b, that communicates with the outlet. In the inner surface of
the valve-body or in the outer surface of the stationary piston there are narrow
grooves, or equivalent passages, through which the water may be forced out from
the space c to the outlet at the closing of the main valve, thus producing the
desired cushioning effect.
b
The tap or valve operates in the following manner. On pushing the spindle f
the secondary valve e is first opened, so as to cause the water under pressure to be
admitted to the space c thus considerably reducing the pressure on the main valve.
By pushing the spindle further in, the shoulder or projection thereon acts on the
bottom of the valve-body a and moves the same so as to uncover the lateral
openings. Then the water flows out through the openings i and the central
passage k. If the spindle fis released, the pressure of water will close the smaller
valve e as well as the main valve, but the latter only slowly, because the water in
the space c offers a resistance and can only escape slowly.
:

page_text: The tap shown in Figs. 2 and 3, is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, with the
exception that the secondary valve e with its passage is dispensed with, and the
spindle is directly fixed to the bottom of the valve-body a. Thus the valve is
opened directly by a push on the spindle f, and, after it has been opened, the water
rushes in into the space c through the narrow passages between the piston b and
the valve-body. In order to facilitate the opening of the tap in this case any lever
device acting on the spindle f may be used, or the said spindle may be dispensed
with and a suitable device operated from the exterior and directly acting on the
valve-body a may be used.
As will be seen no leakage round the spindle f can occur when the tap is closed
and thus no packing is wanted round the spindle. Another advantage with this
construction is that the valve is not in direct contact with the outer walls of the
tap-casing, and thus the screwing together of the latter has no injurious effect
upon the function of the tap.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Water Taps or Valves.
I, ERIK AUGUST BOLINDER, of Kungsgatan No. 31, Stockholm, Sweden,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention has reference to improvements in water taps or valves, the
objects being to so construct such taps that they shall be self closing and free
from shocks. For these purposes in a tap or valve according to this invention,
the arrangement is such that the valve is closed by the pressure of the water in
the pipe to which it is connected, and that whilst closing, a body of water, forming
a cushion, is slowly expelled from a space between the valve and a portion of the
valve casing, so that the valve is caused to close slowly and practically without
shock.
In this
Referring to the drawings left with my Provisional Specification,
Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a tap according to my invention.
example there is a secondary valve, for a purpose hereinafter referred to.
Figs. 2 and 3 show longitudinal sections of a similar tap, unprovided with a
secondary valve; in Fig. 2 the tap is shown in the closed position, and in Fig. 3 in
the opened position.
a is the valve body, which, in the examples shown, is in the form of a hollow
cylinder, closed at its inner end, which surrounds and is movable along a fixed
cylindrical part or piston b, which fits the cylinder a and is rigidly fixed to the
valve casing. Between the end of the piston and the bottom or inner end of the
valve-body, there is a space c, that forms the space for the water cushion. In order
to let water into this space from the water conduit, there is in the bottom or inner
end of the valve-body, in the modification shown in Fig. 1, a passage d, closed by
a smaller valve (the secondary valve) e, which is normally kept against its seat by
the water pressure. This secondary valve is opened from the exterior of the tap
by means of a spindle fixed to it and passing through a hole in the stationary
piston b.
After the opening of the secondary valve, a shoulder for projection on
the spindle abuts against the inner end of the main-valve a and opens that valve.
is the seat of the main-valve, against which the said valve is kept, by the water-
pressure. The main-valve, which is guided by the stationary piston b only, is
surrounded by a space h within the casing communicating with the water conduit.

page_text: h
When the valve is open, the space is, by the lateral openings i, placed in com-
munication with a central passage & that is formed in the stationary piston b, and is
in communication with the outlet. In the inner surface of the valve-body a, or in
the outer surface of the stationary piston b, there are narrow longitudinal grooves,
or equivalent passages, through which water may be forced out from the space c to
the outlet on the closing of the main valve, thus producing the desired cushioning
effect.
The tap or valve operates in the following manner. On pushing the spindle f
inward, the secondary valve e is first opened, so as to cause water under pressure
to be admitted to the space e thus considerably reducing the pressure on the main-
valve. By pushing the spindle f further in, the shoulder or projection thereon
acts on the inner end of the valve-body a and moves the same inward so as to
uncover the lateral openings i through which, and the central passage k, the water
then flows to the outlet. If the spindle is released, the pressure of water in the
water conduit will close the smaller valve e as well as the main valve, but the
latter only slowly, because the water in the space c offers a resistance and can
only escape slowly.
The tap shown in Figs. 2 and 3, is similar to that shown in Fig. 1, with the
exception that the secondary valve e with passage d is dispensed with, and the
spindle is directly fixed to the inner end of the valve-body a. Thus the valve
is opened directly by a push on the spindle f, and, after it has been opened,
cushioning water passes into the space through the narrow passages between
the piston b and the inner surface of the valve-body a. In order to facilitate
the opening of the tap in this case, any lever device acting on the spindle f, may
be used; or the said spindle may be dispensed with, and a suitable device operated
from the exterior and directly acting on the valve-body a may be used.
As will be seen, no leakage round the spindle f can occur when the tap is closed,
and thus no packing is required round the said spindle. Another advantage
with this construction is, that the valve is not in direct contact with the outer
walls of the tap-casing, and thus the screwing together of the latter has no
injurious effect upon the function of the tap.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. A tap or valve constructed with a hollow valve body that is closed or normally
closed at the end subject to water pressure, and is mounted to slide on a
stationary part or piston with which it forms a cushioning space or chamber into
which water under pressure will pass on the opening of the tap or valve and from
which such water will be caused to escape slowly on releasing the valve-body, so
that such valve-body will close automatically and practically without shock,
substantially as herein before described.
2. Taps or valves constructed as hereinbefore described with reference to and
hewn in Fig. 1, and Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings.
Dated this 5th day of October 1894.