A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING OF CORDED AND RIBBED SHAGS, PLUSHES COM- POSED OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS, ON A PRINCIPAL ENTIRELY NEW, WHICH I CALL THE BANBURY NEW CORD
Year: 1803

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSHUA
GREEN, of Banbury, in the County of Oxford, Shag and Plush Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Seventeenth day of
May, in the forty-third year of His reign, did give and grant unto me, the said
Joshua Green, my executors, administrators, and assigns, His special licence,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Joshua Green, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the
term of years therein mentioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING OF CORDED AND RIBBED SHAGS, PLUSHES COM-
POSED OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS, ON A PRINCIPAL ENTIRELY NEW, WHICH I CALL THE
BANBURY NEW CORD;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso,
obliging me, the said Joshua Green, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, to cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within one calendar month next
and immediately ensuing the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent,

page_text: as in and by the same, relation being thereunto had; may more at large and
fully appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joshua Green, do declare that my said Invention for the manufacture of
corded or ribbed shags composed of different materials, on a principle entirely
new, called the Banbury new cord, consists of wool of every description, grown
in this or any foreign country, prepared in any manner, or picked from the
fleece and spun thereof into yarn of all kinds, mohair, foreign hair of every
kind, hare and rabbit hair, or any other hair grown in England or Wales,
mixed with English or foreign wool, or yarn spun thereof, or unmixed offal wool
or hair of every kind, such as niles or pinions made thereof, broke wool locks,
rovings, and pickings thereof, silk of every kind, thread, linen yarn, cotton
yarn, and incle separated or mixed together, or twisted together separate or
severally, together with each or either of the articles before recited, and as
shags are generally made under the denomination of ground, the warp, pole, the
pile, and plush and sbute; the weft, I make my ground of each or either of the
before-described materials, mixed or unmixed, and twisted separate or severally
together into large or small threads, placed as occasion may require. The pole
or pile, by which my cord or rib is chiefly acquired, is by working one, two, or
more poles at same time, composed of one, two, or more spun threads twisted
together in manner before expressed, and made from each or either of the
articles before recited, but in general with two poles, a fine pole and a big pole,
which I enter or place in my reed or slay in different ways, as may be required,
sometimes a pole thread so twisted in every dent thereof, except those dents
reserved always for the selvages on each side; at other times every throc
adjoining dents I place the pole threads in, leaving the fourth dent vacant,
which I call vacant by having no pole or pile therein, or I place the pole
threads in every three adjoining dents, leaving every fourth and fifth dent
together vacant. In placing my pole threads in either way above described,
one of the fine pole threads is put in the first plush dent of my reed or slay, a
big pole thread next which must be placed between two fine pole threads to give
a roundness to my cord or rib, and in the third dent thereof another fine pole
thread, to be thus situated and repeated in either way throughout the work;
other ways of placing my pole threads are confined to every two adjoining plush
dents of my reod or slay, leaving one, two, or more next adjoining dents thereof
vacant, repeating the same throughout the work. In the first plush dent I
place one fine pole thread, and in the next dent a big pole thread, along with
another fine pole thread, or in like manner contrarywise. These different

page_text: ways of placing the pole threads thus described, with the placing one, two, or
more ground threads in the same plush dents along with my several pole
threads, sometimes to the right, sometimes to the left, sometimes on each side,
and sometimes intermixed between my pole threads, together with placing one,
two, or more of them by themselves in either or both of my vacant dents, forms an
united cord or rib combined together without parting. In thus placing my ground
threads either in the plush or in the vacant dents of my reed or slay, I place
them also so as to work then all in course, no two adjoining ground threads
rise or sink together, which makes a float; my method of working them in
course, being unknown before to the trade, binds alone and makes fast in the
pole or pile of my cord or rib, and prevents it coming out, as all other corded
or. ribbed slags do. The reason I place my threads in such different ways is
to vary the size, and sometimes the form of my cords or ribs, which could not
be done, was I confined to one particular way. My shute consists also of the
before-mentioned materials spun into yarn, or otherwise, and shot separate or
together, twisted of each or either of the articles specified before, as materials
by which I make my cords or ribs; and as it is necessary to make different
sized cords or ribs, I make use of not only of the same kind and same set
reeds or slays as have been hitherto used and known to the trade, but to bring
mine still more fine and round, and to that state of perfection for beauty and
durable wear, I make use also of two sorts of reeds or slays made fine in the
reed and set irregular, or spaced, that is to say, one sort having no three
adjoining dents together, set alike in width, the other sort in having no four
adjoining dents together set alike in width, which are entirely new in the shag
branch, and by placing either the pole or ground threads separately or together
alternately, or as they may be required, either in the narrow or wider dents of
these irregular or spaced reeds or slays, confine more firmly the cords or ribs
together, by making them smaller or larger than can be made in the regular
set reeds or slays.
Now be it further known, that as other corded or ribbed shags by different
methods may be made to resemble and imitate mine, but not so as to make
them at the same time durable and serviceable, to prevent such being im-
posed on the public for mine, I have made the two extreme and outward cords
nearest the selvages of a middle blue or light blue colour, by a portion of the
threads of my poles being previously died and worked therein together; the
colour being made fast will not discharge. When my corded or ribbed shags
are dyed, the colors intended for them, the different appearance they give to
those of the other cords of my corded or ribbed shags, and also to all other

page_text: manufactures of corded or ribbed shags, the purchaser thereby can never be
leceived.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joshua Green, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the Thirteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and three.
Sealed and delivered, in the presence of us,
RICH THORNE, J*.
W. WITHERS, Jun".
JOS GREEN. (L.S.)
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Thirteenth day of June, in the
forty-third year of the reign of His Majesty King George the Third, the said
Joshua Green came before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and
acknowledged the instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein con-
tained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument afore-
said was stamped according to the tenor of the Statutes made in the sixth year
of the reign of the late King and Queen William and Mary of England,
and so forth, and in the seventeenth, twenty-third, and thirty-seventh years of
the reign of His present Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Fifteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and three.