Improvements in Umbrellas and Parasols.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Jan., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 14th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 14th Jan., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Umbrellas and Parasols.
We, MARY GOSNELL of Ivy Dene, Cedars Road, Beckenham in the County of
Kent, and HENRY ALBERT FLEUSS of Harvey Cottage, Laleham Road, Staines,
in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
To construct an umbrella or parasol which when closed and folded up shall be of
the smallest diameter we form the ribs and stretchers of a trough form and in such
a way that the stretchers can lock or lie within the ribs as has before been proposed
but the sides of the trough wire of which the stretchers are formed we bend inwards
towards one another so that the stretchers are somewhat of a triangular form in
cross section. In this way stretchers broader at the base can be used and yet enter
better into the ribs and in combination with such ribs and stretchers we use a stick
composed of a metal tube of smaller diameter than those heretofore used but of
thicker metal if necessary so as to obtain the requisite strength, or we may use a
solid drawn or unbrazed steel tube hardened and tempered by which great strength
is secured. The tube we make of such a diameter that when all the ribs are in
contact with it they are also all in contact one with the other at the gits. Where.
the ribs come in contact with the head of the runner we form a flat upon them as
has before been proposed so that at this point they may not project too much from
the stick. The gits of the ribs also we make single joint and not forked so that they
may be of as small a width and depth as practicable.
The stretchers we make of such a length that when the umbrella or parasol is
closed the runner is brought as near as possible to the tip ends of the ribs leaving
sufficient room for fastening the covering fabric. To keep the tip ends of the ribs
in place and prevent them from moving around the stick whilst the covering fabric
is being folded around them we secure to the exterior of the stick a short length of
tube having four radial webs projecting from it for the tip ends of the ribs to lie
between, two in each of the spaces between the webs with or without a tip cap.
We employ various ways of securing the notch-
No. 1. The notch can be secured on a thinner tube to telescope into main tube
and the thinner tube extended to carry a ferrule end.
No. 2. The notch can be secured on thinner tube to telescope into main tube and
the former carry a tube of the same diameter as the main tube with ferrule end.
No. 3. The notch can be secured on thinner tube to telescope into main tube and
carry a wooden ferrule end.
No. 4. The notch can be cast on wire with or without a screw thread to which
may be fastened a tube with ferrule end.
No. 5. The notch can be cast on wire with or without a screw thread to which
may be fastened a wooden ferrule end.
No. 6. The notch can be cast on wire with or without a screw thread which may
be extended and carry a ferrule end.
An extra tube may be inserted into main tube an inch or two beyond the handle
end to give additional strength.
To enable the ribs to lie evenly around the main tube and to prevent their falling
over on their sides whilst the covering fabric of the umbrella is being rolled we
attach false gits upon the ribs above where the stretchers are riveted to the ribs or
another way in which we obtain the same result and at the same time gain greater
compactness is to make the stretchers T shaped and with the long leg of
[DQ27

page_text: the T to fit into the trough of the rib leaving a flat surface in contact with the
main tube.
Dated thin 6th 3-
f Tomore t800
MARY GOSNELL.
HENRY A. FLEUSS.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Umbrellas and Parasols:
We, MARY GOSNELL, of Ivy Dene, Cedars Road, Beckenham, in the County of
Kent, and HENRY ALBERT FLEUSS, of Harvey Cottage, Laleham Road, Staines,
in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to construct an umbrella or parasol which when
closed and folded up shall be of the smallest diameter practicable. This we effect
by using trough ribs of the ordinary width and stretchers that for the most part lie
within them when the umbrella is closed, the joints between the ribs and stretchers
being made as small both in width and depth as practicable and by using in
conjunction therewith a stick of so small a diameter that when the umbrella is closed
the git joints of the several ribs touch one another at the same time that they also
touch the stick. We are enabled to use a stick of this small diameter by forming it
of a tube of hardened and tempered steel either solid, drawn or with an unbrazed
joint. The stretchers we make somewhat of a T form so that their stems may lie
within the trough ribs or they might be made somewhat of a triangular form by
making them of trough wire with the sides of the trough bent inwards towards one
another or they might be of round or oval wire.
The drawings annexed shew parts of an umbrella frame constructed according to
our invention.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the main parts of the frame.
Figure 2 is a cross section on an enlarged scale taken on the line a, b.
Figure 3 is a similar section on the line C, d.
Figures 4 and 5 are face and side views of one end of one of the T stretchers.
Figure 6 is a side view of one of the stretcher joints.
A are the trough ribs. B the T shaped stretchers. C are the gits these are
made as heretofore to grasp the sides of the ribs at their two ends only and not in
the middle where the joint pins pass through them.
The T stretchers at their ends where they are jointed to the ribs and to the
runner respectively are flattened by the two side arms of the T being bent over to lie
parallel with and against the stem. Stretchers of T form may advantageously be
used with trough ribs in ordinary umbrellas and parasols. D is the runner-where
the ribs lie against the head of the runner they are flattened as shewn at A'.
E is the tubular stick of hardened and tempered steel-preferably we use a steel
tube formed from a bar by rolling after the manner described in the Specification
of Patents Nos. 9939 of 1886 and 6453 of 1887 or by such like rolling process-but
a tube formed by bending over the sides of a strip of thin sheet steel until the side
edges butt or overlap one another may be used. The spring catches for locking the
runner to the stick we form in the manner heretofore adopted when the stick has
been formed of a tube of metal.
As heretofore when tubular metal sticks have been used the catch F for holding
the runner when the umbrella is closed is formed in the manner shown in Figure 1-
the catch for holding the runner when the umbrella has been opened is formed in the,
The catch is on a spring stem F which is passed into the interior of
the tube and has on its end a block F held by a pin F³ passed through it and
through the sides of the tube. The tip end of the stick we also secure to the end.
same way.

page_text: of the tube by a rod of wire G in a manner before adopted and as is shewn in
Figure 1.
In the construction shewn in the drawing the rod G carries a top notch H formed
out of metal cast on to it-one end of the rod is inserted into and fits within the end
of the tubular stick and is secured by a pin G¹, the other end of the rod has a screw
thread cut upon it on to which the tip end I is screwed.
The handle J at the other end of the tubular stick may be secured to it in any
ordinary manner. J' is a tube capable of being slidden a short distance end wise on
the handle and made to project beyond the end of the handle and overlap the tip
ends of the ribs when the umbrella is closed as is shewn in Figure 1 and as is
common in other umbrellas.
In some cases in place of forming the tip end of the stick of wood we form it of
a metallic tube with a ferrule end as shewn at Figure 7.
In this construction the top notch H is cast on to the wire G as before. One end
of the wire is inserted into and secured in the end of the stick as above explained
and the other end is secured in the same manner to the short tube K which forms
the tip end.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
-
1. The construction of umbrellas and parasols substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in the drawings annexed.
2. The combination of the stick formed of a steel tube hardened and tempered,
the trough ribs and the T stretchers substantially as described.
3. The combination of T stretchers with ribs into which they fit and which are
flattened or reduced in depth where they come against the head of the runner
substantially as described.
4. The construction of umbrellas and parasols with trough ribs and T stretchers
substantially as described.
5. The combination of the hardened and tempered tubular steel stick with a top
notch formed or fixed on a wire which is secured to the end of the stick substantially
as described.
6. The construction of the sticks of umbrellas and parasols from solid drawn
hardened and tempered steel tubes substantially as described.
7. The combination of a tubular stick with a top notch formed or fixed on a wire
one end of which is secured in the end of the tubulur stick and the other has a
short metallic tube with ferrule end secured to it substantially as described.
Dated this 13th day of October 1892.
MARY GOSNELL.
HENRY A. FLEUSS.