IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING NOXIOUS SMOKE AND VAPOURS." MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING NOXIOUS SMOKE AND VAPOURS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Matthews Hocking, of Marshal Keate, Poplar,
in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING NOXIOUS SMOKE AND VAPOURS."
MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING NOXIOUS SMOKE AND VAPOURS."
Sealed the 13th December 1867, and dated the 31st July 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Matthews Hocking
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st July 1867.
I, JOSEPH MATTHEWS HOCKING, of Marshal Keate, Poplar, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS FOR CONDENSING NOXIOUS SMOKE AND
VAPOURS," to be as follows:-
For this purpose the said noxious smoke or vapours are drawn by an air pump
through a pipe connected to the flue or chimney of the furnace into water
contained in one or more separate cylinders or cisterns. Into and within each
or either of the cylinders or cisterns I insert a spindle, and on the said spindle I

page_text: securely connect one or more discs or fans at a proper distance from each
other; these dises or fans can be made of iron or any suitable material, and
may have angular projections either above or below the surface of the material
they may be composed of, or otherwise. During the passing of the noxious
smoke and vapours from the flue or chimney into the cylinders or cisterns
the discs or fans are made to revolve within the water contained in the said
cylinders or cisterns, either by engine power, pulleys, or any ordinary motion.
These discs or fans when revolving powerfully agitate the water, thereby
arresting and separating the ores, particles of ores, fumes, or acids contained
in the said noxious smoke or vapours, and will effectually condense the same.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Joseph Matthews Hocking in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 30th January 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
MATTHEWS HOCKING, of Marshal Keate, Poplar, in the County of Middlesex,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Joseph Matthews Hocking, Her special licence that I, the said Joseph
Matthews Hocking, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Joseph Matthews Hocking, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS AND APPARATUS, FOR CONDENSING NOXIOUS SMOKE
AND VAPOURS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph
Matthews Hocking, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Matthews Hocking, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawing, and to
the letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
For this purpose the said noxious smoke and vapours are drawn by an air
pump worked by steam or other power from the furnace or furnaces,
through a pipe or pipes connected with such furnace or furnaces, into one or
more air-tight cylinders or cisterns partially filled with water; if more than
one then connected together by flues or pipes inserted in such cylinders or
eisterns, as shown in the Drawing. Into and within each of such cylinders or
cisterns I insert a spindle, and on the said spindle within the said cylinder
or cistern I securely connect discs or fans, spokes or projections; these discs,
fans, spokes, or projections can be made of metal or any suitable material of
sufficient strength, and have other projections angular or otherwise formed on
one or both surfaces of such discs, fans, spokes, or projections. During the
passing of the noxious smoke and vapours from the furnace or furnaces
through the cylinder or eistern of water the spindles upon which the discs, fans,
spokes, or projections are fixed are made to revolve in the water within the
cylinders or cisterns. The spindle or spindles are made to revolve by steam
or other power. These discs, fans, spokes, or projections when revolving
powerfully agitate the water, thereby arresting and separating the ores,
particles of ores, metallic fumes, or mineral acids contained in the said
noxious smoke or vapours, and condense or cause the deposit of the same ou
the bottoms of the said cylinders or cisterns.
Figure 1 is a plan of the mechanical motion for driving the spindles in the
cylinders or cisterns; Figure 2, elevation and vertical section of apparatus
constructed to produce the object of my Invention; the same letters on such
Figure correspond to similar parts in each Figure.
A, the air-tight cylinders or cisterns, such cylinders or cisterns can be made
of copper, iron, or any material of sufficient strength with man-hole doors or
removeable bottom's fixed thereto or without. B, the flue conducting the
noxious smoke or vapours from furnace to cylinder or cistern B'; the con-
tinuation of smoke pipe or flue from cylinder to cylinder, or cistern to cistern
where more than one cylinder or cistern are used; C, the termination of pipe
or flue from cylinders or cisterns connected with the air pump; C, the pump
for drawing the noxious smoke or vapours from the furnace into the water
contained in the cylinders or cisterns and exhausting the smoke and vapours

page_text: from the cylinders or cisterns, and forcing the same into a chimney or other-
wise; D, the eduction pipe conveying the smoke or vapour from the pump;
E, the discs, fans, spokes, or projections having sufficient clearance to revolve
are driven by gearing or any mechanical motion on the spindle, and agitate
the water during the passage of the noxious smoke or vapours through the
cylinders or cisterns; F, blow-off cocks for running off the water when highly
charged with the residuum of the metallic ores, particles of ores, metallic
fumes, or mineral acids; G, the bottoms of cylinders or cisterns which can be
opened or removed when occasion requires, and man-hole doors into cylinders
or cisterns to facilitate the cleansing the cylinders; H, the connections with
inlet cocks for keeping the cylinders or cisterns supplied with water; I, water
guages to regulate the height of the water contained in the cylinders or
cisterns.
I am cognizant that it has been heretofore proposed to employ pumps or
fans for drawing or exhausting the products of combustion from furnaces
through water, but such application has not been applied with advantage,
because the said products of combustion passed through and out of the water
in an impure state leaving little or no deposit therein; I am also cognizant
that it has been proposed to subdivide the products of combustion by drawing
such products through wire gauze, this also has little or no advantage because
the said products pass through the perforated gauze in relative proportion to
the size of the perforations.
Having thus described the nature of the apparatus for attaining the object
of my Invention, and the manner the same is to be used, I would have it
understood that I do not claim generally the application of pumps or fans for
removing or condensing noxious smoke and vapours, nor for the passing of
such smoke or vapours through water; but what I claim is the application of
mechanical appliances for keeping water in air-tight cylinders or cisterns
agitated during the progress of noxious smoke and vapours of lead, copper,
and other ores, or particles of such ores or metals, metallic fumes, or mineral
acids generated in working, smelting, or purifying lead, copper, and other ores,
through such water in such cylinders or cisterns before discharging such smoke
or vapour into the atmosphere, such agitation on the passing of noxious smoke
or vapour through water causing a very much larger deposit of metallic
particles, fumes, and acids then would be deposited by passing noxious smoke
and vapours through water not agitated.
The number of cylinders or cisterns useful for attaining my object being
regulated by the greater or lesser impurity of the noxious smoke or vapour to

page_text: be condensed or deposited, the greater the number of cylinders or cisterns the
more perfect or complete the condensation or deposit of metallic particles and
acids.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Matthews Hocking, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this 28th day of January in the year of
our Lord 1868.
JOSEPH MATTHEWS HOCKING. (L.S.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered by
said Joseph Matthews Hocking,
in the presence of
JAMES CASEY,
10, Philpot Lane,
London, E.C.