Improvements in Machinery or Appliances for use in the Manufacture of Steel and other Metallic Pens.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Sept., 1899
Complate Cannifnation
10th
4000
DELL Aux
1000
Date of Application, 18th Sept., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 19th June, 1900 Accepted, 25th Aug., 1000
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Appliances for use in the Manufacture
of Steel and other Metallic Pens.
We, ADOLPH MYERS and LEOPOLD MYERS, both of the Firm of M. Myers & Son,
of Charlotte Street Steel Pen Works, Charlotte Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Pen Manufacturers, CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY, of 128, Colmore Row, in the
City of Birmingham, aforesaid, Engineer and Patent Agent, and PERCY WIGLEY,
of 121, Colmore Row, in the City of Birmingham aforesaid, Mechanical Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention consists of the herein described improvements in machinery
or appliances for grinding steel and other metallic pens and this invention is
particularly applicable for what is known as cross grinding" but can also be
arranged for what is known as "straight grinding" that is grinding the pens
longitudinally. We will first describe the invention as arranged for cross grind-
ing.
In carrying out this invention we provide one two or more rapidly revolving
cinery bobs or other rapidly revolving grinding surfaces and when two or more of
these are used, they are arranged in a line one in front of the other. Adjacent to the
face of the emery bob or faces of the emery bobs is a band or flexible bar or.
chain (hereinafter referred to as a band) adapted to carry the pens and provided
with suitable clips or other convenient means for holding the pens on the band.
This band or chain may be an endless band or chain passing over suitable pulleys
or it may be carried by levers or otherwise supported for endwise movement as
hereinafter described. The band is arranged across the face of the emery hob
or faces of the emery bobs and at some little distance below the periphery the
portion of the emery bob or bobs which projects or project above the band being
adjustable by raising or lowering the emery bob or emery bobs or the band.
The band is made somewhat narrower than the length of the pens to be ground
so that when the pens are held crosswise on the band they project at both ends
beyond the sides of the band. Fixed parallel with the face of the emery bob
cr with the faces of each of the emery bobs is a curved metal plate each made of
somewhere about the same radius as the corresponding emery bob and thus
the band which carries the pens is situated between this curved plate or plates
and the face or faces of the emery bob or emery bobs. Suitable means are
provided for moving the band longitudinally across the face of the emery bob or
the faces of the emery bobs so that as the pens come in contact with the emery
bob they ride up one side of the same and over and down the other side of the
same the curved plate forming a support for the rounded ends of the pens. The
pointed ends of the pens ride against a gauge plate which is fixed at a short
distance from the face of the emery bob or emery bobs and which regulates the
distance of the grinding from the point of the pen. The said curved plates are
adjustable and can be so fixed as to tilt the pen slightly in any desired direction
so as to cause any particular bob to grind any particular part of the pen as for
instance when two bobs are used one of the curved plates may be set so as to
tilt the pointed end of the nen down slightly and thus cause the first bob to
commence to grind a short listance from the point of the pen and for a certain

page_text: distance along the pen, and the curved plate belonging to the next emery bob
is set down somewhat so that the pen is tilted slightly in the opposite direction
to give a pronounced finish to the grinding on the pen.
It will be seen that by carrying the pens on the band and arranging the band
in combination with the emery bob or emery bobs as above described the cross
grinding of the rounded surface of the pen is effectually accomplished because
as the pen travels over the emery bob the latter commences to cross grind at
one edge of the pen and then as the pen rises up the emery bob the grinding is
continued across the rounded surface of the pen which descends on the other side
of the bob thus completing the cross grinding of the rounded surface of the pen
as required.
!
Various means may be employed for holding the pens in position on the band
but what we prefer are lever clips fixed on the band which clip the pens on the
band and are arranged at certain intervals apart, and the band is by preference
arranged with an intermittent movement stopping and starting at regular inter-
vals so that the stopping of the band gives time for the operator to place one of
the pens in the clip, said clips being preferably arranged to be opened auto-
matically by the lever end of the clip riding under a cross bar or stop which
opens the clin and allows a pen to be placed in and then when the band commences
to move again the lever rides away from the stop and the clip closes and firmly
holds the pen on the band and after the grinding of the pen is accomplished
the pens are automatically delivered from the band by the lever clip riding
against another stop plate which opens the clip and the pen falls out or is moved
out of the clip by a suitable knocker off. Thus the clipping of the pens on the
band and the grinding and removal of the ground ends from the band will be
performed automatically.
The said endless band which carries the pens may be so arranged that the
pens are ground twice by the emery bob or by each emery bob. This is accom-
plished by making the pulleys (over which passes the endless band carrying the
peus) of such diameters that the band with the pens returns across the emery
bob or emery bobs below the centre spindle. In this case an extra curved plate
and an extra gauge plate have to be provided for the bob or for each bob for
the pens to ride against on the return band. This arrangement is very con-
venient as it enables each pen to be ground twice by one emery bob and when
ground to be delivered close to the operator.
When this invention is arranged for what is known as straight grinding"
that is for grinding the pens longitudinally, the band which carries the pens
travels across the periphery of the emery bob or emery bobs instead of across
the face of the same and the periphery of the emery bob or bobs is well rounded
in cross section so as to straight grind all round the curved surface of the pen
as the latter is by the band drawn across the face or faces of the revolving bob or
bobs.
Dated this 16th day of Santamber 1800
Improvements in Machinery or Appliances for use in the Manufacture
of Steel and other Metallic Pens.
We, ADOLPH MYERS and LEOPOLD MYERS, both of the Firm of M. Myers & Son,
of Charlotte Street Steel Pen Works, Charlotte Street, in the City of Birmingham,

page_text: Pen Manufacturers, CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY, of 128, Colmore Row, in the
City of Birmingham aforesaid, Engineer and Patent Agent, and PERCY WIGLEY,
of 121, Colmore Row, in the City of Birmingham aforesaid, Mechanical Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention consists of the herein described improvements in machinery
for cross grinding steel and other metallic pens. Heretofore the cross grinding
has been effected by skilled labour the operator holding the pen on
a holder
between the thumb and finger against a rapidly revolving emery bob with the
point of the pen against a gauge plate which regulates the distance from the
point of the pen to the commencement of the cross grinding. The operator
then rolls the pen on the emery bob so as to crossgrind the rounded surface of
the pen and make a definite commencement and finish to the cross grinding.
Our invention enables skilled labour to be dispensed with as our machinery
is so arranged that an unskilled operator has merely to place the pens one at a
time in clip like holders on a moving band or the like forming a carrier which
carries the pens in contact with and across a revolving emery bob or emery bobs
in such a way that the cross grinding is properly effected and the clips are
afterwards automatically opened and the cross ground pens removed therefrom.
Our invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawings on which Fig. 1
is a front sectional elevation of a pen grinding machine constructed according
to this invention Fig. 2 is a plan of the same: Fig. 3 is a cross sectional
elevation of the said machine: Fig. 4 shews in elevation on a larger scale the
clip opening and pen removing mechanism; Fig. 5 is an inverted plan of the
parts shewn in Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a side elevation of one of the clips full size:
Fig. 7 is a full size cross section and Fig. 8 is a front elevation of parts of the
said machine to illustrate the first stage in the cross grinding Fig. 9 is a full
size cross section and Fig. 10 is a front elevation of parts of the said machine
to illustrate the second stage in the cross grinding; Fig. 11 shows a pen before
it is cross ground; Fig. 12 shews the first stage of cross grinding. the same pen:
Fig. 13 shews the same pen with the cross grinding finished: Fig. 14 is a front
sectional elevation of another arrangement of our pen grinding machine and
Fig. 15 is a plan of the machine shewn in Fig. 14.
The same letters of reference indicate the same or corresponding parts in all
the figures.
We will first describe the arrangement of our invention illustrated by Figs. 1
to 13 both inclusive.
A is an emery bob of the kind commonly used for cross grinding steel pens
and mounted on the spindle a which revolves in bearings 612 in the standard B
fixed to the base plate C. The emery bob spindle a¹ is driven from any con-
venient source by a band on the pulley. Adjacent to the face of the emery
bob A is an endless leather or other band 1) (or a chain may be used) which
passes round and is carried by the two pulleys EE2 which are by preference
flanged to keen the band in place. The pulley E' is mounted on a spindle e¹
revolving in the direction indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1 in bearings on
the standards e efixed on the base plate C and is driven through the wheels
ee from the first motion shaft 8. Fixed on the band D at regular intervals
apart are any suitable number of clips say six as shewn and marked F¹ F² F³ F
F3 F which are adapted to hold and carry the pens crosswise on the band. The
pulleys EE are of smaller diameter than the emery bob A so that the band D
passes across the same at some little distance within the periphery of the bob A.
The band D is made somewhat narrower than the length of the pens G to be
ground so that when the pens are held by the clips crosswise on the band they
project at both ends beyond the sides of the band as shewn in Figs. 2, 3, 5. 7
and 9. Fixed parallel with the face of the emery bob A and at a short distance
therefrom are two metal plates H'H² the edge of each being curved to about

page_text: the same radius as the emery bob A. The band D is situated between these curved
plates HH2 and the face of the emery bob A and the object of these curved
plates H H is to support the rounded or holder ends of the pens and give the
proper inclination to the pens as they ride over the emery bob A during the
cross grinding processes. The plates H H are bolted to angle plates I¹ I² on
the standard B₁ and are adjustable and can be so fixed as to tilt the pen slightly
in the desired direction to cause the bob to grind the particular part of the pen
required. Jis a stop plate carried by the standard B parallel with the band D
against which the rounded or holder end g of the pen is pressed by the operator
when the pen is placed in the clip and this stop plate has a hanging over flange j
under which the clips have to pass. and which opens the clips as shewn in
Fig. 1 to enable the pen to be placed therein. K' K2 are the gauge plates fixed
to the standards B1 B2 parallel with the face of the emery bob A and at a short
distance therefrom equal to the distance from the point of the pen to the com-
mencement of the cross grinding. The screws enable the gauge plates K' K²
to be adjusted nearer to or farther from the face of the bob.
Each of the said clips F F F F F F is made of a lever f¹ and a base part f
jointed together at 3 The base f carries a block f which is hollowed out to
suit the pen and the lever fl carries a corresponding block f shaped to fit in the
trough of the pen. The shoulders f f of the block f prevent the pen from
turning round. The blocks f f³ form the jaws of the clip and they are closed
together by the springs f8 which acts between the tail end of the lever f¹ and
the base f. The lever ft is carried upwardly from the base f² as shewn so as
to be acted on by the flange j and roller L which open the clip. as hereinafter
described.
When the machine is in motion with the band D moving in the direction
indicated by the arrows in Figs. 1, 2, 8 and 10, the clips are opened one after
the other as shewn in Fig. 1 by passing under the flange j₁ of the stop plate. J
and the pen is by the operator placed in the jaws of the clip, with the rounded or
holder end of the pen against the stop plate J. As the clip passes from under
the flange the jaws of the clip close on and hold the pen, the pointed end of
which now rides against the gauge plate K and the overhanging parts of the
pen come in contact with the grinding surface of the bob A and the curved plate
H (see Figs. 7 and 8). The curved edge of this curved plate H¹ is set a little
higher than the periphery of the bob A so as to tilt the pen towards the point
and gave a definite commencement to the cross grinding. The pen thus rides
up the bob and curved plate at one side and down the other side of the same as
shewn in Fig. 8 thus properly grinding across the rounded surface of the pen
about as far along the pen as shewn in Fig. 12. The clip with the pen held
therein then passes on and round the pulley E2 and back under the bob spindle a¹
and comes in contact with and rides along the lower side of the bob and the
lower curved plate H2. This curved plate H2 is (as shewn in Fig. 9) set so as to
tilt the pen and cause the bob A to continue the cross grinding further along the
pen and make a definite finish to the same as shewn in Fig. 13 and as this part
of the pen has a larger rounded surface than the part nearer the point which
was ground by passing over the top of the hob the lower part of the band D
(Fig. 10) is rather nearer to the centre of the bob A than is the upper part of
the same (Fig. 8). The cross grinding of the pen is now finished and the clip
is opened by riding against the roller L under the pulley E which thus opens
the jaws of the clip and the pen G at the same time is arrested and removed
from the clip by coming in contact with the forked knocker off M under which
the band I passes and which is suitably fixed as to the standard B¹.
It will be seen that by carrying the pens on the band and arranging the band D
in combination with the emery bob as above described the cross grinding of
the rounded surface of the pen is effectually accomplished because as the pen
travels over the emery bob A the latter commences to cross grind at one edge
of the pen and then as the pen rises up the emery bob the grinding is continued

page_text: across the rounded surface of the pen which descends on the other side of the
bob thus completing the cross grinding of the rounded surface of the pen as
required.
!
In order to maintain an even tension on the band D) the spindle a¹ of the pulley E
is carried by the forked bracket N which is jointed to the base plate Cat ²
and is pressed outwardly away from the bob by the adjustable spring ().
In order to facilitate the removal of the bob A and its spindle the standard B2
may be jointed at p to the base plate C so as to turn outwardly as indicated by
the dotted lines in Fig. 3.
Instead for arranging for the pens to be ground twice by one emery bob as above
described (and which we find gives the best results) the pens may be ground only
once say on the top of the bob and the two pulleys be made so large that
the lower part of the band is below the bob A. Or, as shewn by Figs. 14 and 15,
the emery bobs marked respectively A and A² mounted on separate spindles and
provided with correspondingly curved plates H H³ and gauge plates K' K³ may
be used the emery bobs being set in a line one behind the other so that the first
bob A commences to grind a short distance from the point of the pen and for a
certain distance along the pen and the next bob A2 continues the grinding farther
along the pen and gives a pronounced finish to the grinding as in Fig. 13, the
lower part of the band D passing over the guide rollers qq so that the pens
will clear the lower parts of the bobs.
It is important that the bob A should run at the proper speed relatively to
the travel of the band 1) so as to properly cross grind the pens and not to burn
them. We find that a speed of about twenty eight feet per minute for the
band D and about nineteen hundred feet per minute for the periphery of the
bob A gives very good results and allows sufficient time for the operator to
place the pens in the clips as they move along.
The accompanying drawings illustrate what we consider to be the best ways
of carrying our invention into practice but it is to be understood that our inven-
tion is not limited to the precise details shewn as it will be evident to any
practical man that they may be varied without departing from the nature of our
invention.
Having now particularly described, and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In a machine for cross grinding pens, a grinding bob or bobs adapted to
revolve, an endless carrier arranged parallel with and crossing said bob or bobs
and provided with clips adapted to hold the pens transversely of the line of move-
ment and carry them in contact with and across the grinding face or faces of the
bob or bobs so as to cross grind the pens, substantially as set forth.
2. In a machine for cross grinding pens, a grinding bob or bobs adapted to
revolve, an endless carrier arranged parallel with and crossing said bob or bobs
and provided with clips adapted to hold the pens and carry them in contact with
and across the grinding face of the bob or bobs and a curved plate for the bob
or for each bob fixed adjacent to said carrier so as to support the rounded ends
of the pens during the cross grinding, substantially as set forth.
3. In a machine for cross grinding pens, a grinding bob or bobs adapted to
revolve, an endless carrier arranged parallel with and crossing said bob or bobs
and provided with clips adapted to hold the pens and carry them. in contact with
and across the grinding face or faces of the bob or bobs, a curved plate for the
bob or for each bob fixed adjacent to said carrier so as to support the rounded
ends of the pens and a gauge plate fixed adjacent to each bob for the points of
the pens to ride against during the cross grinding substantially as set forth.
4. In a machine for cross grinding pens a grinding hob or bobs adapted to
revolve, an endless carrier arranged parallel with and crossing said bob or bobs
and provided with clips adapted to hold the pens and carry them in contact with

page_text: and across the grinding face or faces of the bob or bobs, a curved plate for the bob
or for each bob fixed adjacent to said carrier so as to support the rounded ends
of the pens, a gauge plate fixed adjacent to the bob or to each bob for the points.
of the pens to ride against during the cross grinding, means for opening the
clips and for regulating the position of the pens therein and means for opening
the clips and removing the ground pens therefrom, substantially as set forth.
Dated the 16th day of June 1900.