AN IMPROVED MODE OF APPLYING AND FASTENING METAL SHEATHING TO PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATIONNING SHEATHING TO THE BOTTOMS OF IRON SHIPS OR VESSELS, AND TO IRON FOR OTHER USES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Mark Palmer and John McIntyre, both of
Jarrow, in the County of Durham, Shipbuilders, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED MODE OF APPLYING AND FASTENING METAL SHEATHING TO
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Mark Palmer
and John McIntyre at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 4th March 1863.
We, CHARLES MARK PALMER and JOHN MCINTYRE, both of Jarrow, in the
County of Durham, Shipbuilders, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED MODE OF APPLYING AND FASTENING METAL
SHEATHING TO THE BOTTOMS OF IRON SHIPS OR VESSELS, AND TO IRON FOR OTHER
USES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention has for its object the application and fastening of copper,
"Muntz metal," zine, or other metal used for the purposes of sheathing, to the
bottoms of iron ships or vessels, and also to the iron used for other purposes,
such as caissons, fortifications, or graving docks, in which it is liable to

page_text: fouling by exposure to sea water or from other causes; and our Invention
consists in fixing to the iron plates of the ship or vessel, or to iron for other
similar uses, strips of metal, which we prefer to be of galvanised iron, in which
strips are inserted rivets of copper or other suitable soft metal, such rivets
protruding from the strips in such a manner as to admit of sheets of copper,
"Muntz's metal," zinc, or other sheathing, previously punched, being applied
thereto and held thereby as required. By this arrangement the strips fixed to
the vessel form carriers for the sheathing, and obviate the necessity of per-
forating through the ship's side. The strips are double, that is to say, there is
one outer and one inner strip, and they are applied to the plates of the vessels
by means of screws or rivets passing through both strips and into the said
plates, the copper rivets having been previously inserted in an opposite direction
in the outer strip. The sheets of copper, "Muntz metal," zinc, or other
sheathing are put on to the projecting copper rivets with their edges over-
lapping, so that the ends of two sheets are held by one row of rivets, and
tarred felt, "blair," or other similar non-conducting material is inserted
between the iron plates of the vessel and the copper or other metal sheathing.
The projecting portions of copper are then hammered so as to securely rivet
thom
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Mark Palmer and John McIntyre in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 4th September 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CHARLES
MARK PALMER and JOHN MCINTYRE, both of Jarrow, in the County of Durham,
Shipbuilders, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Charles Mark Palmer and John MºIntyre, Her special license that we,
the said Charles Mark Palmer and John McIntyre, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Charles Mark Palmer
and John M°Intyre, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no.others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might

page_text: make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MODE OF APPLYING AND FASTENING METAL SHEATHING TO THE
BOTTOMS OF IRON SHIPS OR VESSELS, AND TO IRON FOR OTHER USES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that we, the said Charles Mark Palmer and John
McIntyre, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, or under
the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Charles Mark Palmer and John
McIntyre, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is
to say:-
Our Invention of "An Improved Mode of Applying and Fastening Metal
Sheathing to the Bottoms of Iron Ships or Vessels, and to Iron for other
Uses," has for its object the application and fastening of copper, "Muntz
metal," zinc, or other metal used for the purposes of sheathing to the bottonis
of iron ships or vessels, and also to the iron used for other purposes, such as
caissons, fortifications, or graving docks, in which it is liable to fouling by
exposure to sea water or from other causes; and our Invention consists in
fixing to the iron plates of the ship or vessel, or to iron for other similar uses,
strips of metal, which we prefer to be of galvanized iron, in which strips are
inserted rivets of copper or other suitable soft metal, such rivets protruding
from the strips in such a manner as to admit of sheets of copper, "Muntz
metal," zinc, or other sheathing, previously punched, being applied thereto
and held. thereby as required. By this arrangement the strips fixed to the
vessel form carriers for the sheathing, and obviate the necessity of perforating
through the ship's side. The strips are double (that is to say) there is one
outer and one inner strip, and they are applied to the plates of the vessel by
means of screws or rivets passing through both strips and into the said plates,
the copper rivets having been previously inserted in an opposite direction in the
outer strip. The sheets of copper, "Muntz metal," zinc, or other sheathing are
put on to the projecting copper rivets with their edges overlapping, so that the
ends of two sheets are held by one row of rivets, and tarred felt, "blair," or

page_text: other similar non-conducting material is inserted between the iron plates of
the vessel and the copper or other metal sheathing. The projecting portions
of copper are then hammered so as to securely rivet them.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention, we will proceed to
describe more particularly in what manner the same is to be performed by
reference to the accompanying Drawings, in which the said strips are repre-
sented as applied to the iron plates of a vessel.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of a portion of a side of a vessel half size, and
Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of the same full size.
A, A, are the plates; B, C, are the outer and inner strips of metal, which
we prefer to be of galvanized iron. These strips have holes bored or punched
in them at distances of about three inches apart, the side of the outer strip B
having its holes countersunk to suit the countersunk heads of the rivets, and
the two strips are rivetted together with the rivets D protruding beyond the
outer strip B, the rivet heads being between the two strips. The strips are
then fastened by screws or rivets E to the bottom and sides of the vessel, the
plates A not being perforated but only entered, as shewn. If the strips are
to be rivetted, the holes are bored with a drill so constructed that it will be
widest in the inside, so that when the rivet is driven in it will expand and
become quite fast. The space F between each pair of strips on the vessel's
bottom and sides will be about three-eighths of an inch deep, and is filled up
with tarred felt, "blair," or other suitable non-conducting material, after which
the entire surface is covered with a coating of gutta percha, and then the
sheets G of copper,
"Muntz metal," zinc, or other sheathing, previously
punched as required, are applied to the rivets projecting from the strips and
rivetted in the usual manner. The ordinary angle iron frame of the vessel is
represented at H. The strips can all be prepared ready to put on to the bottoms
or sides of ships or vessels should repairs be necessary in a foreign port.
The mode of applying and fastening sheathing to iron used for the other
purposes herein-before referred to is the same as that described with reference
to ships and other vessels.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, we hereby declare that what we claim as of our
Invention is, the application and use of strips of metal fixed to the iron
plates of ships or vessels, or to iron for other uses, with projecting portions
of copper inserted in such strips, by means of which sheets of copper or. other

page_text: metal sheathing are rivetted and fastened to such iron plates, as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Charles Mark Palmer and John
McIntyre, have hereunto set our hands and seals, the Second day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-three.
CHAS. M. PALMER. (L.B.)
(L.S.)
JOHN MCINTYRE.
Witness,
WILLIAM STOBART,
Princess Street, Gateshead.
RALPH PARK PHILIPSON,
Newcastle Tyne,
a Commissioner to administer Oaths
in Chancery in England.