NEW OR IM- PROVED MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE AND OTHER NETTING
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street, in
the, City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "NEW OR IM-
PROVED MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE AND OTHER NETTING."
-A communication from abroad by Edmond Paul Henri Gondouin, of
Paris, France.
Sealed the 4th August 1865, and dated the 8th February 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald
Brooman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 8th February 1865.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE AND OTHER
NETTING," to be as follows:-
This machinery is constructed to imitate hand labour as much as may be,
that is to say, that the various operations to which the wire is submitted in
this machinery before being formed into netting are identical with those to
which wire is submitted in making netting by hand.

page_text: On
I proceed to describe the arrangement of the machinery for the manu-
facture of netting with double twist. The machinery may be driven by steam,
hydraulic, or other power, the motion being transmitted from the motive
power by a band passing over a pulley on the main shaft of the machine. On
the main shaft is a toothed wheel, which by means of intermediate pinions and
wheels produces the rotation of a longitudinal shaft, the motion is again
transmitted by toothed gearing to another longitudinal shaft in front of and
slightly below the first-named longitudinal shaft. The second longitudinal
shaft carries at each end a short arm connected to a connecting rod. The
first longitudinal shaft carries at one end a bevil pinion in gear with another
bevil pinion on the front end of a transverse shaft. The back end of this
shaft carries another bevil pinion in gear with a bevil pinion on a vertical shaft.
At a convenient height on this vertical shaft is a pinion in gear with a pinion
on a second transverse shaft; this shaft acts an important part in the machine,
it carries two quadrupal cams, or cams with four steps or stages, for producing
the necessary movements. Near the middle of this shaft is a boss or
cylindrical enlargement cut with a right hand and a left hand screw thread
of the same breadth as the corresponding cams. A guide takes into the
screw threads to produce the alternate working of the quadrupal cams.
the upper end of the vertical shaft before mentioned is a pinion in gear with
a pinion on a third transverse shaft parallel to the second transverse shaft.
On this third shaft are two cams, the object of which is to retain and fix the
bars hereafter mentioned when the division is changed, as hereafter explained,
in proportion to the formation of the netting. The driving shaft carries in
addition to the toothed wheel before mentioned a toothed pinion, which by
intermediate wheels through which the motion is transmitted reduces to one-
ninth the speed of two upper longitudinal shafts above the third transverse
shaft. Each of these upper shafts carries two large and two small cams
for raising and pushing bars, by means of intermediate levers. These bar
are formed with pins or teeth, round which the wire is twisted to form
it into meshes. One row of pins or teeth raises the finished netting, while
another row takes its place for the formation of other meshes; the fabric o
netting is thus never abandoned. The small cams on the two upper shaft
are connected together by a lever, on which they act alternately to lower and
raise the pin bars. Two lower bars carry curved bars forming rails fo
carriages which carry the wire bobbins, and two other straight bars are fitte
at the upper part below the pin bars, and carry small carriages forming tube
for producing the twist at the level of the pin bars. The wires pass throug
the lower carriages, and are consequently of equal number to the carriages

page_text: The lower carriages, as before stated, carry the bobbins, on which a sufficient
quantity of wire is wound, and the upper carriages act as guides to the wires
which pass through them. A longitudinal bar below the curved bars holds
the carriages in place during the horizontal movement, and a frame for the
same purpose is fitted at the upper part. Two upper and two lower beams
arranged for each series are furnished with combs connected to levers, which
are raised and lowered by means of the connecting rods and the short arms on
the second longitudinal shaft herein-before mentioned. A notched divider.
actuated by a cam is fitted to each of the extremities of the bars which carry
the curved bars and of the two straight bars below the pin bars. The object
of this divider is to produce fixity when the machine is worked during the
three strokes lost on nine, so as to prevent the frame for holding the carriages.
in place, and consequently the longitudinal bar fitted for the same purpose
below the curved bars from descending. All the working
All the working parts of the
machine are supported in a frame.
In the working of the machine the wires unwinding from the bobbins take
up, one in relation to another in their respective tubes, relative positions to.
the movements of the quadrupal cams and the corresponding notches of the
divider. A row of pins is then introduced into and between the wires for the
formation of the meshes, then the double twist of the wire is performed by
the action of the small tubes at a level with the pins. The row of pins which
has just formed the meshes is next raised by the upper cams, while another
row which has already begun to take up its position is introduced in its turn
for the formation of a second row of meshes, and so on; the netting is thus
alternately raised by each row of pins after the successive formation of the
rows of meshes; it may be wound as it is manufactured on a drum or roller
placed by preference at the upper part of the machine.. The netting may be
formed of plain or covered wire. The machine is also applicable to manu-
facturing netting from threads or cords of textile material.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-eighth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WIRE
AND OTHER NETTING," (a communication from abroad by Edmond Paul Henri
Gondouin, of Paris, France,) upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
This machinery is constructed to imitate hand labor as much as may be,
that is to say, that the various operations to which the wire is submitted in
this machinery before being formed into netting are identical with those to
which wire is submitted in making netting by hand.
I proceed to describe by the aid of the accompanying Drawings the
arrangement of the machinery for the manufacture of netting with double
twist.
Figure 1 is a front elevation, and Figure 2 a side elevation, of the
machinery; it may be driven by steam, hydraulic, or other power, the
motion being transmitted from the motive power by a band passing over a
pulley on the main shaft a of the machine.
On the shaft a is a toothed wheel 1, which by means of intermediate
pinions and wheels 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, produces the rotation of a longitudinal
shaft 6; the motion is again transmitted by toothed gearing 7, 8, to another

page_text: longitudinal shaft c. The shaft c carries at each end a short arm d connected
to a connecting rod e. The shaft carries at one end a bevil pinion f in gear
with another bevil pinion g on the front end of a transverse shaft h. The
back end of this shaft carries another bevil pinion i in gear with a bevil
pinion on a vertical shaft k. At a convenient height on the shaft k is a
pinion in gear with a pinion l'on a second transverse shaft m; this shaft m
acts an important part in the machine; it carries two quadrupal cams, or cams
with four steps or stages, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, 6, 7, 8, for producing the necessary
movements. Near the middle of this shaft is a boss or cylindrical enlarge-
ment n (see the detached view, Figure 3,) cut with a right hand and a left
hand screw thread of the same breadth as the corresponding cams. A
guide n' takes into the screw threads to produce the alternate working of the
quadrupal cams 1 to 8. On the upper end of the shaft k is a pinion o in
gear with a pinion o¹ on a transverse shaft p parallel to the shaft m. On this
shaft p are two cams q, q', the object of which is to retain and fix the bars
hereafter mentioned when the division is changed, as hereafter explained, in
proportion to the formation of the netting. The driving shaft a carries in
addition to the toothed wheel 1 a toothed pinion 9, which by intermediate
wheels 10, 11, 12, through which the motion is transmitted reduces to one-
ninth the speed of two upper longitudinal shafts r, r. Each of these shafts
carries two large cams s, s, and two small cams s¹, s¹, for raising and pushing
bars t, t, (see Figures 5 and 6) by means of intermediate levers u, u. This
lever movement, dependent on the movement of the cams s, 8, s³, s¹, is
represented in detached view in Figure 7. The bars t, t, are formed with
pins or teeth, round which the wire is twisted to form it into meshes. One
row of pins or teeth raises the finished netting, while another row takes its
place for the formation of other meshes; the fabric or netting is thus never
abandoned. The small cams s¹, s', are connected together by a lever u¹, on
which they act alternately to lower and raise the pin bars. Two lower
bars v, v, carry curved bars a, forming rails for carriages y, which carry the
wire bobbins B, and two other straight bars v', v', are fitted at the upper part,
and carry small carriages y¹, forming tubes for producing the twist at the
level of the pin bars. The wires F pass through the lower carriages y, and
are consequently of equal number to the carriages. The lower carriages, as
before stated, carry the bobbins B, on which a sufficient quantity of wire is
wound, and the upper carriages act as guides to the wires which pass through
them. A longitudinal bar holds the carriages in place during the horizontal
movement, and a frame ¹ for the same purpose is fitted at the upper part.

page_text: Two upper beams M, M, and two lower beams M', M', arranged for each
series are furnished with combs P, P, connected to levers N, N, which are
raised and lowered by means of the connecting rods e and the arms d on the
longitudinal shaft c.
Figure 8 is a detailed view, showing the movement of the levers N, N,
which produce through the intermediation of the combs P, P, the intermittent
movement of the lower and upper carriages. This Figure also shows where
the double twist of the wire is produced, that is to say, at the level of the
pins H. A notched divider D (see the detached view, Figure 4), actuated
by a cam C is fitted to the extremities of each of the bars v, v, which carry
the curved bars x, and of the two straight bars v¹, v. The object of these
dividers is to produce fixity when the machine is worked during the three
strokes lost on nine, so as to prevent the frame ¹, and consequently the
longitudinal barz, from descending. All the working parts of the machine
are supported in a frame A.
In the working of the machine the wires F unwinding from the bobbins B
take up, one in relation to another in their respective tubes, relative positions
to the movements of the quadrupal cams and the corresponding notches of
the divider. A row of pins is then introduced into and between the wires for
the formation of the meshes, then the double twist of the wire is performed by
the action of the small tubes at a level with the pins. The row of pins which
has just formed the meshes is next raised by the upper cams, while another
row which has already begun to take up its position is introduced in its turn
for the formation of a second row of meshes, and so on; the netting G is
thus alternately raised by each row of pins after the successive formation of
the rows of meshes; it may be wound as it is manufactured on a drum or
roller placed by preference at the upper part of the machine. The netting
may be formed of plain or covered wire. The machine is also applicable to
manufacturing netting from threads or cords of textile material.
The machinery herein-before described is characterized, first, by its general
arrangement; second, by the tubes near the pins for producing the double
twist of the wires; third, by the arrangement of the double carriages, which
allow of the wire being twisted near the pins; fourth, by the movement of
the pins to raise the netting as it is manufactured; and, fifth, by the action of
the cams which produce the necessary movements, the excentricity or shape
of which cams can be altered as may be required.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, constructing

page_text: machinery for the manufacture of wire and other netting, substantially as
herein-before described and represented in the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of August, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-five.