IMPROVEMENTS IN BEDS OR BASES FOR ARTI- FICIAL TEETH
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Abraham Eskell, of 8, Grosvenor Street, Grosvenor
Square, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BEDS OR BASES FOR ARTI-
FICIAL TEETH."
Scaled the 28th December 1860, and dated the 17th July 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Abraham Eskell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th
July 1860.
I, ABRAHAM ESKELL, of 8, Grosvenor Street, Grosvenor Square, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BEDS OR BASES FOR
ARTIFICIAL TEETH," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in beds or bases for artificial
teeth. For this purpose the upper portion of the bed to which the teeth are
attached is formed of metal, as has heretofore been done, but in place of the
under side of the metal bed being shaped so as exactly to fit the gums, the
under side of the bed is made hollow to receive a filling piece of gutta percha,
vulcanite, amber, tortoiseshell, ivory, or any substance capable of being
readily moulded to the form of the gums. The under side of this filling
picco is moulded in any suitable manner to the shape of the gums, and tho
filling piece is fixed by small pins or otherwise in the hollow of the metal bed,
so that it can readily be removed therefrom. By this means, when any change
takes place in the form of the mouth, the first filling piece may be removed,
and a fresh one, formed to the shape of the gums, inserted in the hollow of the
bed, so that a fresh set of teeth would not be required.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Abraham Eskell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
17th January 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ABRAHAM
ESKELL, of 8, Grosvenor Street, Grosvenor Square, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of July in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Abraham Eskell, Her special licence that I, the said Abraham Eskell, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Abraham
Eskell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BEDS
OR BASES FOR ARTIFICIAL TEETH," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Abraham Eskell, my executors or administrators by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and inme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Abraham Eskell, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in beds or bases for artificial
teeth. For this purpose the upper portion of the bed to which the teeth are
attached is formed of metal as has heretofore been done, but in place of the
under side of the metal bed being shaped so as exactly to fit the gums, the
under side of the bed is made hollow to receive a filling piece of gutta percha,
vulcanite, amber, tortoiseshell, ivory, or any substance capable of being readily
moulded to the form of the gums. The under side of this filling piece is
moulded in any suitable manner to the shape of the gums, and the filling
piece is fixed by small pins or otherwise in the hollow of the metal bed, so
that it can readily be removed therefrom. By this means, when any change
takes place in the form of the mouth, the first filling piece may be removed,

page_text: readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings nereunto
annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS..
Figure 1 is a front view, Figure 2 a section, and Figure 3 an under side
view of a set of teeth mounted on a bed or base constructed as above described.
a is the upper part of the bed or base, which is formed of metal or other
material. To this part the teeth are attached in any suitable manner.
The
under side of the piece a is mado hollow, as shown, to receive a filling piece b
of gutta percha combined with silica, vulcanite, amber, tortoiseshell, ivory, or
any substance capable of being readily formed to the shape of the gums.
This filling piece is, by preference, fixed to the piece a by means of small pins
passing through the filling piece and through the part a. A plan of the
filling piece is shewn separately at Figure 4. When the filling piece is com-
posed of vulcanite, its under side is made to the shape of the gums by taking
a cast of the gums in wax, which is afterwards reversed in plaster, from which
model a mould is made, in which prepared caoutchouc is submitted to heat,
as when making beds or bases for artificial teeth from vulcanite. When the
filling piece is composed of gutta percha, its under side is formed to the shape
of the mouth by softening the gutta percha (which has already been moulded
to the shape of the under side of the metal part a) in hot water, then placing
the gutta percha so softened into the hollow of the under side of the part a,
and pressing it whilst in the hollow of the part a on to the
its under side will be moulded to the shape of the gums.
percha filling piece is cold, any portions of the gutta percha which project
beyond the part a are trimmed off, and the filling piece is fixed in its place by
pins or otherwise. By thus forming the beds or bases for artificial teeth with
filling pieces, when any change takes place in the form of the gums, the first
filling piece may be removed, and a fresh one inserted in the hollow of the bed,
so that a fresh set of teeth will not be required, and if the new filling piece
is composed of gutta percha, it may readily be formed to the shape of the
gums, in the manner above described, by the person wearing the teeth.
gums, by which
When the gutta
When a complete set of teeth is not required, as, for instance, when artificial
back teeth only are required, the front natural teeth being perfect, as shewn
at Figure 5, those portions only of the part a of the bed or base which has
teeth fixed to them, are formed to receive filling pieces. Figure 6 is a plan

page_text: view of such bed or base.. a, a, are the parts of the bed or base which have
teeth connected to them (the teeth not being shewn in the Drawing).
These parts are made hollow to receive filling pieces, as above described, each
part having a separate filling piece, which is fixed in its place by pins or
otherwise.
In witness whereof, I, the said Abraham Eskell, have hereunto set
my hand and seal this Seventeenth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
ABRAHAM ESKELL. (L.s.)