IMPROVEMENTS IN SIGNAL AND OTHER LAMPS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Conrad Abben Hanson and John Wormald, both
of Belmont, Vauxhall, in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of
Sealed the 20th March 1856, and dated the 5th January 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Conrad Abben Hanson
and John Wormald at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 5th January 1856.
We, CONRAD ABBEN HANSON and JOHN WORMALD, both of Belmont, Vaux-
hall, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SIGNAL AND OTHER LAMPS" to be as follows:-
This Invention is applicable to lamps which are exposed to strong currents
of air, such especially as the signal lamps attached to railway trains; and the
Invention consists in adapting valves to the air passages into and out of such
lamps. The valves which we employ are flap valves, which are so hung as to
be closed by the pressure of the air against them, and to open on the side not
exposed to this pressure.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Conrad Abben Hanson and John Wormald in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 5th July 1856.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, CONRAD
ABBEN HANSON and JOHN WORMALD, both of Belmont, Vauxhall, in the County
of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the nineteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Conrad Abben Hanson and John Wormald, Her special licence that we, the
said Conrad Abben Hanson and John Wormald, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as we, tho said Conrad Abben Hanson and John
Wormald, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SIGNAL AND
OTHER LAMPS," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Conrad
Abben Hanson and John Wormald, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the
hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per-
Formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, tho said Conrad Abben Ilanson, on behalf of
myself and the said John Wormald, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof
(that is to say):
This Invention is applicable to lamps which are exposed to strong currents
f air, such especially as the signal lamps attached to railway trains; and the
Invention consists in adapting valves to the air passages into and out of such
¡amps. The valves which we employ are flap valves, which are so hung as to
e closed by the pressure of the air against them, and to open on the side not
xposed to this pressure.

page_text: And in order that our said Invention may be most fully understood and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a vertical section, and Figure 2 a front view, of a signal lamp
(suitable for attaching to a railway train), arranged according to our Invention.
a, a, is the outside case of the lamp; 6 is the metal tube, for containing a
candle, which is forced up by a spring, as is well understood. This tube fits
a socket in the bottom of the lamp, and is there fixed by a bayonet joint. c is
a glass chimney, which is held in its place by three springs, one of which is
shewn at d; e is a reflector; f. f, are air passages, leading to the under side
bottom of the lamp, which is perforated for the passage of the air; 9,9, are
valves, which close the passages f,f, when by the motion of the train or other-
wise the air impinges strongly against the said valves; h, h, are similar valves,
which, under the same circumstances, close the passages by which the air
escapes from the lamp. By arranging lamps in this manner they are much
less likely to be extinguished by a strong current than are lamps arranged in
the ordinary manner.
In witness whereof, I, the said Conrad Abben Hanson, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fifth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
CONRAD ABBEN HANSON. (L.S.)