NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING HAIR PINS AND COTTAR PINS; A PART OF WHICH MACHI- NERY MAY ALSO BE USED FOR CUTTING OFF AND POINTING WIRES FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Arthur Boyle, of Birmingham, in the County of
Warwick, Tool Maker, and Thomas Warwick, of Birmingham aforesaid,
Machinist, for the Invention of "NEW OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR
MANUFACTURING HAIR PINS AND COTTAR PINS; A PART OF WHICH MACHI-
NERY MAY ALSO BE USED FOR CUTTING OFF AND POINTING WIRES FOR VARIOUS
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 17th October 1862, and dated the 26th April 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Arthur Boyle and
Thomas Warwick at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 26th April 1862.
We, ARTHUR BOYLE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Tool.
Maker, and THOMAS WARWICK, of Birmingham aforesaid, Machinist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "NEW OR IMPROVED MA-
CHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING HAIR PINS AND COTTAR PINS; A PART OF WHICH
MACHINERY MAY ALSO BE USED FOR CUTTING OFF AND POINTING WIRES FOR VARIOUS
PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
Our new or improved machinery for nianufacturing hair pins, is constructed
as follows:-The wire to be made into hair pins, is straightened, and fed
into the machine by a feeder, of the kind commonly used in machines
employed in manufacturing articles from wire, by which feeder the wire is
drawn through straightening pins, and fed into the machine, its end coming
against a fixed stop or gauge, which determines the length of the wire to
be cut off. A cutter working vertically cuts off the wire, and a rubber
descending, advances upon the wire, and carries it by a rolling motion on
the bed of the machine a short distance in advance of the place where it was

page_text: cut off. During the rolling motion of the wire, the ends of the said wire pass
over rotating cutters, whereby the ends of the wire are pointed. The wire
after having being carried by the rubber over the said cutters, falls upon a
pair of rollers, the middle of the wire being over the space between the said
rollers. A bending tool descends vertically and doubles the wire, by carrying
its middle down between the said rollers. When it is wished to corrugate
the sides of the bair pin, the said bending tool as well as the rollers are corru-
gated.
Our new or improved machinery for manufacturing cottar pins, resembles
the machine last described, excepting that the grinding tools are not required
and in place of the rollers between which the bending tool descends; a pair
side dies are employed, which after the descent of the bending tool close
upon the said bending tool, the said dies and bending tool being of the
figure necessary to give the required shape to the cottar pin. In cach machine
the several motions are taken from one shaft, by means of cams, levers, and
other mechanical appliances, which we do not consider it necessary here to
describe.
That part of the machine for making hair pins, by which the wire is cut off
and pointed, may be used for cutting off and pointing wire for various
purposes.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Arthur Boyle and Thomas Warwick in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 20th October 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, ARTIIUR
BOYLE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Tool Maker, and
THOMAS WARWICK, of Birmingham aforesaid, Machinist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing late the Twenty-sixth day of April, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Arthur Boyle and Thomas Warwick, Her special licence that
we, the said Arthur Boyle and Thomas Warwick, our executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Arthur Boyle and
Thomas Warwick, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,

page_text: use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "NEW
OR IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING HAIR PINS AND COTTAR PINS; A
PART OF WHICH MACHINERY MAY ALSO BE USED FOR CUTTING OFF AND POINTING.
WIRES FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said Arthur Boyle and Thomas Warwick, our executors or admi-.
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their hands and seals,
or under the hand and seal of one of us or them, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great.
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Arthur Boyle and Thomas Warwick, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:
Our new or improved machinery for manufacturing bair pins is constructed
in the manner herein-after described and illustrated in the accompanying
Drawing.
Figure 1 represents an end elevation of the said machine; Figure 2 is a
plan of the same; Figure 3 is an elevation of one side of the machine;
and Figure 4 is an elevation of the other side of the machine, the feeder in.
the said Figure 4 being broken off in order to exhibit more important parts.
The same letters are employed to indicate the same parts in the several
Figures of the Drawing.
'
We will first explain the general action of the machine, and afterwards
describe the parts in detail, and the manner in which the several motions are.
produced. The wire a to be made into bair pins is straightened and fed into
the machine by the straightening pins b and feeder c; the said pins and feeder
being of the kind commonly used in machines employed in manufacturing
articles from wire. The end of the wire a is fed by the feeder c against a
fixed stop or guage d, which determines the length of the wire to be cut off,
the said wire being guided to the stop by the guide hole e. A knife or
cutter working vertically cuts off a length of wire, and the feeder retires for
a fresh supply. A rubber 9 now descends upon the length of wire situated on
the bed h of the machine, and. carries it laterally by a rolling motion on the.
said bed a short distance from the place where it was cut off. During the
rolling of the wire the ends of the said wire pass against rotating cutters or
grinders i, k, on either side of the machine, whereby the ends of the wire are.

page_text: pointed. The wire is carried by the rubber g to the edge of the machine,
over which it falls into the hooks 1, 1. The pointed length of wire is now
situated above a pair of rollers m, m, the middle of the wire being over the
space between the said rollers. A bending tool n descends vertically, and
doubles the wire by carrying its middle first between the pins o, o, (see Figure
5,) and afterwards between the said rollers m, m, the said rollers having a
partial rotation communicated to them by the descent of the bending tool n.
The bending tool n is withdrawn into its slide in the manner herein-after
described, and the hair pin falls from the machine. The bending tool n ascends
and when it has ascended to the proper height, it is again projected from its
slide, and is ready to act upon another length of pointed wire, which has by
the action of the machine been brought into the supporting hooks 1, 1.
The machine represented is adapted to corrugate the sides of the hair
pins, the said corrugating being effected by the indented peripheries of
the rollers and the corrugated sides of the bending tool. When plain hair
pins are to be made, the said rollers and bending tool are plain on their
surfaces.
We will now proceed to describe in detail the construction and action of
the several parts and the means by which the several motions are effected.
The advancing motion of the feeder c is effected by the arm p on the end of
the shaft g, to which the clastic cord is connected, the return motion of the
said feeder being effected by the elasticity of the said cord 7. As the feeder c
constitutes no part of our Invention we do not think a further description
necessary. The motion of the arm p is transmitted from the main shaft t
through the crank u, connecting rod v, and crank w on the shaft q, on which
the said arm p is situated. The cutter or knife f turns on a centre at f*, its
longer arm being acted upon by the tooth or projection p on the arm p. By
the motion of the arm p the tooth lifts the longer arm of the knife ƒ and
depresses the shorter arm, which cuts off the length of wire. The longer arm
of the knife fis pressed down by a spring. The rubber g is constructed and
actuated as follows:-The said rubber consists of a plate sliding on the bars g².
The rubber g is connected to the slide a working in the bed of the machine,
to which said slide a reciprocating motion is given through the connecting
rod y and crank situated on the shaft q. The end of the connecting rod y is
jointed at y to the said slide a. The rubber g is capable of slightly rising and
falling vertically. The said rubber is connected to the slide a by means of the
lever 2, the end of which lever bears upon the end of the connecting rod y,
and as by the motion of the said connecting rod the slide x and rubber g are
advanced the end of the said connecting rod acts against the end of the said.

page_text: lever 2 and raises that end of the said lever and depresses the other end to
which the rubber g is connected. The said rubber thereby descends upon the
wire on the bed h, and by its pressure and advance gives a rolling motion to
the said wire. When the wire has been carried from off the bed h the pressure
is taken off the rubber g by the altered position of the connecting rod y and
the said rubber retires. The free end of the lever 2 is pressed down by a
spring, as represented. The rotating cutters or grinders i, k, are fixed on the
end of the shafts 2,, turning in bearings on the sides of the machine.
Rotatory motions are communicated to the said cutters or grinders i, k, by the
bands 3, 3, passing over the said shafts 1, 2, and the pulley 4 on the main
shaft t. The bending tool n by which the pointed wire is bent into a hair
pin is thus constructed and actuated:-The said bending tool n is situated in
the slide 5 connected to the bar 6, to which bar 6 and slide 5 a reciprocating
motion is given through the connecting rod 7 and crank 8, the said crank 8
being situated on one end of the main shaft t. On the end of the machine
and parallel with the slide 5 is a fixed bar or rod 10 having two teeth 11, 12,
on its inner face. To the inner side of the bending tool na projection n³ is.
connected which works in a hole in the slide 5, the said bending tool being
capable of lying in a recess in the said slide or of being projected from the
said slide. A portion of the slide 5, bending tool n, and the rollers m, m, are
shewn on a larger scale in front elevation, side elevation, plan, and end
elevation, in Figure 5 of the Drawing. The slide 5 and bending tool n are
also shewn partly in section and partly in elevation, in Figure 6; and the
bending tool n is shewn separately in Figure 7. The bending tool n being in
the position represented in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, it descends by the action
of the slide 5 and doubles the wire a between the pegs o, o, and rollers m, m,
the rollers being turned by the descent of the said tool so as to bring their
corrugated surfaces against the wire and corrugate it between their surfaces
and the surface of the bending tool n. The hair pin having been thus made,
the tooth on the end of the projection n of the bending tool n engages with
the lower tooth 12 on the fixed rod 10, and the said tooth withdraws the
bending tool into the slide 5 flush with the said slide, as represented in.
Figure 6. The hair pin is thereby removed from the bending tool and it falls
from the machine. The slide 5 rises, and the tooth 3 of the bending tool n
coming against the upper tooth 11 on the fixed rod 10, the said tool is projected
from the slide and is ready to act by its descent upon the wire which has
been fed into the hooks 7, 7. By the sliding of the bending tool n into the
slide 5 on its upward motion it is enabled to escape the wire a² which has
been fed to the hooks 7, 7. The position of the bending tool n just before it is

page_text: projected from the slide on its upward motion is best seen in Figure 6, and its
position after it has been projected from the slide and is about to act upon the
wire is best seen in Figure 5. The rollers m, m, turn in fixed arms m², m³,
on the end of the machine, and after they have been made to rotate and have
acted on the wire they return to the position represented in the Drawing by
the action of the springs m³ and bands m'. Motion is given to the main
shaft t, from which the several motions of the machine are taken, by means of
a band passing over the fast pulley of the fast and loose pulleys 13, 14.
Our new or improved machinery for manufacturing collar pins resembles
the bair pin machinery represented in the accompanying Drawing, excepting
that the grinding tools are not required, and in place of the rollers between
which the bending tool descends a pair of side dies are employed, which, after
the descent of the bending tool, close upon the said bending tool, the said dies
and bending tool being of the figure necessary to give the required shape to
the cottar pin. That part of the machine berein-before described and repre-
sented in the Drawing by which the wire is cut off and pointed may be used
for cutting off and pointing wires for various purposes.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we do
not limit ourselves to the precise details herein-before described and illustrated
in the Drawing, as the same may be varied without departing from the nature
of our Invention, but we claim as our Invention the general arrangement or
combination of parts of the machinery herein-before described and illustrated
in the accompanying Drawing for manufacturing hair pins and cottar pins, and
for cutting off and pointing wire for various purposes.
In witness whereof, we, the said Arthur Boyle and Thomas Warwick,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Seventeenth day of
October, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-tw
Witness,
RICHARD SKERRETT,
Clerk to George Shaw,
Birmingham.
ARTHUR BOYLE.
THOMAS WARWICK.
(L.S.)
(L.S.)