IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Hunter, of 13, Ravensworth
Terrace, Gateshead, in the County of Durham, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS."
Sealed the 21st January 1853, and dated the 22nd November 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Hunter
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 22nd November 1852.
I, SAMUEL HUNTER, of 13, Ravensworth Terrace, Gateshead, in the
County of Durham, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ANCHORS " to be as follows: -
This Invention consists of improvements in the construction of
the palms and of the stock of an anchor. The improvements in the
construction of the palms consist in making each palm of two
planes, fixed to or formed on the arm, so that when dragging the
earth will have a tendency to move from the outer edges of the
palm towards the middle of the palm. The improvements in the
stock consist of making it of iron plates riveted and hollow, the
form being convex towards the arms and concave on the other
side; so that when being dragged, the lower edge of the stock will

page_text: have a tendency to work into the ground, and the earth (as the
stock is moved) will pass into the hollow, then pass upwards, and
fall in front of the stock.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, filed by the said Samuel Hunter in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 19th May 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
SAMUEL HUNTER, of 13, Ravensworth Terrace, Gateshead, in the
County of Durham, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two,
in the sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Samuel Hunter, Her
special licence that I, the said Samuel Hunter, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Samuel
Hunter, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS. IN ANCHORS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Samuel Hunter, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW. YE, that I, the said Samuel Hunter, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention consists of improvements in the construction of

page_text: the palms and of the stock of an anchor. The improvements in the
construction of the palms consist in making each palm of two
planes, fixed to or formed on the arm, so that when dragging the
earth will have a tendency to move from the outer edges of the palm
towards the middle of the palm. The improvements in the stock
consist of making it of iron plates rivetted and hollow, the form
being convex towards the arms and concave on the other side; so
that when being dragged, the lower edge of the stock will have a
tendency to work into the ground, and the earth (as the stock is
moved) will pass into the hollow, then pass upwards, and fall
in front of the stock. And in order that my Invention may be
more fully understood, I will proceed to describe the means or
carrying out my Invention pursued by me.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figures 1, and 2, show two views of an anchor having my
improvements applied thereto. Figure 3, is a section of one of the
palms, and Figure 4, a section of the stock. In each of these
Figures the same letters are used to indicate similar parts; and as
my Invention only relates to the palms and stock, it will not be
necessary that I should enter into any description of the other parts
of the anchor shown by the Drawing. Each palm is composed of
two surfaces a, a, formed or fixed inclined to each other and
to the arm b, so that the interior of the palm is concave; hence
when such a palm is drawn through the ground, the carth will be
moved inward, and rise over the palm on the two sides of the arm;
and it is the forming or fixing the parts of the palm which are on
either side of the arm, so that they may incline to each other, and
form a concave palm, which constitutes the peculiarity of the first
part of my Invention. The Drawing shows the form or shape of
palm I prefer. I do not, however, confine myself thereto, as the form
or shape of a palm may be varied, so long as the parts of it which
are on either side of the arm incline to each other, and thus produce
a hollow palm with inclined sides. c, is the stock; it is composed of

page_text: sheet iron rivetted, thus producing a light, but at the same time a
strong stock, which by reason of its peculiar form has also consider-
able advantage. The lower part c, is of a convex form as shown,
and the upper and interior part c¹, is of a concave form; so that
when on the ground and being dragged, the lower edge of the stock
will have a tendency to enter the ground, and the earth will pass
into the concave part c¹, and as the stock is dragged, the earth will
rise up and fall in front of the stock.
I would remark, that I do not confine myself to the precise form
shown, as the same may be somewhat varied without departing from
my Invention. What I claim is the improvements in the palms of
anchors herein described; and, secondly, I claim the improvements in
the stocks of anchors herein described:
In witness whereof, I, the said Samuel Hunter, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
SAMUEL HUNTER. (L.S.)
Witness,
B. GOBEY,
Clerk to Messrs. Carpmael,
4, Old Square, Lincoln's Inn.