Improvements in or Additions to Spring Hinges.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 8th June, 1894-Accepted, 14th July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Additions to Spring Hinges.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK NEWMAN of the Firm of W. Newman and Sons, of
Hospital Street, in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to regulating spring hinges of that type described in the
Specification of a former Letters Patent granted to me and bearing date the
13th day of February 1889 No. 2531, and has for its object, a means for preventing
the springs of the same from being overwound on the adjustment of the torsion
thereof.
In adjusting the torsion of the springs of spring hinges the same are sometimes
so wound up or the coils thereof closed to such an extent that the physical
constitution of the metal is injured thereby and the springs break. This usually
occurs from the error which workmen generally fall into in fitting doors with
spring hinges by assuming that more or less torsion has only to be given to the
spring to suit the same to any door. This impression is to an extent correct, but
only within certain limits, and it is for preventing the winding up beyond these
limits that my invention is designed.
Thus, in carrying out my invention in connection with a double spring hinge with
adjustable torsion, the ends of the spring of each barrel fit within or are embraced
at one end by the forked ends of removable and headed spindles or the forked
shanks of rotatory heads having capstan holes through them and being kept from
rising within their bearings by the ends of keep screws or pins passing through
knuckles of the hinge flaps and into annular grooves formed around the shanks of
the said forked spindles, and at the other end by fixed forked spindles.
The shanks of the removable spindles also have through them a series of
adjustable all-through holes, which come coincident with holes in the T end pieces
of the frame brackets, so that by giving more or less torsion to the spring and
placing a pin through the hole in the framing and one of the holes in the shank,
the spring is kept in an adjusted or given condition of torsion, so that it will be
seen by allowing the pins to pass through different holes, the spring is regulated to
varying torsions.
Now as there is no stop to limit the amount of turning which the spindles shall
have and the amount of torsion which can be given to the springs, it will be seen
that the said spring may easily become overwound unless great care and judgment is
exercised in the adjustment.
In carrying out one form of my invention in connection with preventing over-
winding, each of the movable heads of the spindles are provided with outstanding
wing lugs, whilst the fixed framing carries an outstanding fixed lug lying within
the path of the wing lug carried by the head of the spindle, so that when
adjustment is being made, the torsion of the spring cannot be increased beyond the
limit allowed by the stop.
Thus, supposing the spring is required to be strong, then the maximum of
torsion is given to the same on the winged lug of the head coming against the fixed
stop on the hinge framing, hence the prevention of overwinding.
In a further form of my invention, the foot of the head may be semi-circularly
reduced and the reduced part is terminated by end shoulders which come against a
stop carried by the framing and lying within their path.
also propose to form a regulating stop by having a hanging stud on the under-
side of the foot of the head, which traverses within an annular-shaped depression

page_text: having end stops or shoulders which limit the movement of the spindle, hence the
limitation of the torsion which can be given to the spring.
✓ Instead of a fixed regulating stop, an adjustable regulating stop or stops may
be made either by means of an advancing and retiring screw or its mechanical
equivalent.
I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the exact forms of stops
as described, so long as a means is employed whereby the rotating spindles are
prevented from being turned too far and the spring prevented from being over-
wound, and I further wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the exact
form of spring hinges as described as my invention is applicable to all spring hinges
having adjusting means.
Dated this 16th day of February 1804
Improvements in or Additions to Spring Hinges.
1, GEORGE FREDERICK NEWMAN of the Firm of W. Newman and Sons, of
Hospital Street, in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to regulating spring hinges of that type described in the
Specification of a former Letters Patent granted to me and bearing date the
13th day of February 1889 No. 2531, and has for its object, a 'means for preventing
the springs of the same from being overwound on the adjustment of the torsion
thereof.
In adjusting the torsion of the springs of spring hinges the same are sometimes
so wound up or the coils thereof closed to such an extent that the physical
constitution of the metal is injured thereby and the springs break. This usually
occurs from the error which workmen generally fall into in fitting doors with spring
hinges by assuming that more or less torsion has only to be given to the spring to
suit the same to any door. This impression is to an extent correct, but only within
certain limits, and it is for preventing the winding up beyond these limits that my
invention is designed.
Thus, in carrying out my invention in connection with a double spring hinge with
adjustable torsion, the ends of the spring of each barrel fit within or are embraced
at one end by the forked ends of removable and headed spindles or the forked
shanks of rotating heads having cupstan holes through them, and being kept from
rising within their bearings by the end of keep screws or pins passing through
knuckles of the hinge flaps, and into annular grooves formed around the shanks of
the said forked spindles, and at the other end by fixed forked spindles.
The shanks of the removable spindles also have through them a series of
adjustable all-through holes, which come coincident with holes in the T end pieces
of the frame brackets, so that by giving more or less torsion to the spring and
placing a pin through the hole in the framing and one of the holes on the shank,
the spring is kept in an adjusted or given condition of torsion, so that it will be
seen by allowing the pins to pass through different holes, the spring is regulated to
varying torsions.
Now as there is no stop to limit the amount of turning which the spindles shall
have and the amount of torsion which can be given to the springs, it will be seen that
the said spring may easily become overwound unless great care and judgment is
exercised in the adjustment.
In carrying out one form of my invention in connection with preventing over

page_text: winding, each of the movable heads of the spindles are provided with outstanding
wing lugs, whilst the fixed framing carries an outstanding fixed lug lying within.
the path of the wing lug carried by the head of the spindle, so that when
adjustment is being made, the torsion of the spring cannot be increased beyond the
limit allowed by the stop.
Thus, supposing the spring is required to be strong, then the maximum of torsion
is given to the same on the winged lug of the head coming against the fixed stop-
on the hinge framing, hence the prevention of overwinding.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents partly in section and partly
in elevation, an adjustable and double regulating spring hinge, provided with a
limiting stop in accordance with one form of my invention.
It will be seen that the respective stops for each hinge are carried upon the fixed
frame, and that the wing lugs, which move with the spindle when turned for
adjustment, are carried by the necks of the said spindles.
Figure 2 represents a horizontal section upon the dotted lines - Figure 1,
showing the positions of the wing parts carried by the spindles, and the stop parts
carried by the framings, and how the said stops lie within the path of the lugs, and.
thereby prevent the springs of the hinge from being overwound.
Figure 3 represents the primary body parts of the said double spring hinge,.
whilst Figure 4 represents the adjustable spindles separately.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in Figures 1 to 4.
a is the stationary frame of the hinge, having cross ends or bearers a', a³, with
holes a², through them, wherethrough the spindles or plugs b, b¹, (on each side of
the spring) having forked inner ends b², pass. c are hinged flaps, each having
straps c, c, with holes c³, through them, through which and the holes a, in the
cross ends a', the said fixed and movable plugs or spindles b, b, pass. dare springs,
enclosed within barrels d', and having their outer ends respectively secured by the
fixed spindles b, and the turning and adjustable plugs or spindles 61, each of which
latter are adjustably fixed by a cottar or pin e, passing through a hole a*, in an end.
of the cross end or bearer a³, and with the said pin or cottar taking through one
or other of a series of holes 63, made through the shank of the spindle or plug b',.
whereby adjustment is effected, by turning the said spindle or plug to the necessary
degree and winding up the spring thereby.
To prevent overwinding of the springs, each of the turning spindles b', are
provided with wing lugs, turning stops, pins or equivalents f, which travel, when
the said spindles are rotated, in the paths of fixed stops g, carried by or made
integral with a cross end or bearer a³.
I also propose to form a regulating stop by having a stud on the underside of the
foot of the head, which traverses within an annular-shaped depression, having end
stops or shoulders which limit the movement of the spindle, hence the limitation of
the torsion which can be given to the spring.
Figure 5 represents a still further form of adjustable spring hinge, having an
overwinding stop in accordance with my invention.
Figure 6 is a cross section of Figure 5 on the dotted lines A looking upwards,
and Figure 7 represents an end part of the lower cross end or bearer separately.
In this form, pins or snugs carried by the turning spindles or plugs take within
sinkings having end stops, and formed within the cross end or bearer through which
the turning spindles or plugs, pass.
61 are the turning spindles or plugs, c are the flaps, d the springs, and d¹ the
casings of them. 63 are projecting pegs or lugs, carried by the said spindles, and
adapted to be blocked by the stop ends g, of recesses g', unken within cross stops or
bearers a³, of the hinge frame a.
Figure 8 represents my invention applied to a single adjustable spring hinge.
Figure 9 represents the same applied to a spring barrel hinge or door closer,
whilst Figure 10 represents my invention applied to a like hinge or door closer
having a longer closing arm.
Figure 11 represents a further modified form of my invention.

page_text: a is the frame, with cross end bearers a³; b¹ is a turning axis or plug, carrying a
shoulder 3, which comes against a stop g, carried upon the cross end bearers a³.
Instead of a fixed regulating stop, an adjustable regulating stop or stops may
be made, either by means of an advancing and retiring screw or its mechanical
equivalent.
Figure 12 represents such an arrangement as last described.
Figure 13 represents an elevation of Figure 12.
a is the frame as an end bearer and upon each side of the said frame, is a flap c,
and a turning spindle or plug 6', carrying an outstanding lug 2, and with an
adjustable set pin 63, passing through it and with the point 6, lying within the
path of the outstanding stop g, carried by or made integral with the cross end or
bearer a³.
By the screwing in or out of the set pin, a greater or less range of motion
between the set pin and the stop is permitted, so that the amount of winding up of
the spring can be adjustably allowed for.
I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the exact forms of stops
as described so long as a means is employed whereby the rotating spindles are
prevented from being turned too far and the spring prevented from being over-
wound, and I further wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the
exact form of spring hinges as described as my invention is applicable to all spring
hinges having adjusting means.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. In adjustable or regulating spring hinges, providing or fitting the same
with a limiting stop, or, in double hinges, with limiting stops, for the purpose of
preventing the overwinding of the spring or springs, substantially as described and
set forth.
Secondly. In adjustable or regulating spring hinges, providing or fitting the same
with an adjustable limiting stop (in a single hinge) or adjustable limiting stops (in
a double hinge) substantially as and for the purposes as described and set forth in
Figures 12 and 13.
Dated this 6th day of June 1894.