Improvements in and relating to the Treatment and Utilization chiefly as Cattle Food of the Residuary Products of the Distillation of Spirits and Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1884

page_text: Improvements in and relating to the Treatment and Utilization
chiefly as Cattle Food of the Residuary Products of the
Distillation of Spirits and Apparatus therefor.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare
the nature of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO THE
TREATMENT AND UTILIZATION CHIEFLY AS CATTLE FOOD OF THE RESIDUARY
PRODUCT OF THE DISTILLATION OF SPIRITS AND APPARATUS therefOR" and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to a method of solidifying and otherwise treating the
residuary liquors from the distillation of ardent spirits and to apparatus therefor.
The object of my Invention is to transform into a dry state all the solid
substances contained in the residuary liquors from the distillation of ardent spirits,
and to so treat the said solid substances that they will keep and allow of being
stored away so as to be used as food for cattle at some later period in contra-
distinction to the general custom of simply mixing the residuary liquors with some
suitable fodder-material, and giving the mixture to the cattle in a fresh state which
in the latter instance, must be done, as otherwise the said mixture will spoil and
be unfit for use as food for cattle.
The said Invention consists essentially in filtering the said residuary liquors by
means of a suitable apparatus especially designed for the purpose and hereinafter
described. The said filtering is accomplished substantially in the following manner,
that is to say, that part of the residuary liquors containing chiefly the solid and
insoluble substances is caused to advance or move on the filtering surface while
the aqueous and soluble parts contained in the said liquors pass through the said
filtering surface and fall down below it. The residuary liquors are filtered while
yet in a hot state which will encourage the filtration and at the same time, free the
said liquors to a considerable extent of its aqueous substances by reason of the
rapid evaporation taking place upon the extensive area of the filtering, surface.

page_text: The solid and insoluble residues of filtration pass into a low copper or a pan
preferably made of wrought iron, having double walls and a double bottom so as
to allow of being heated temporarily by means of exhaust steam. The said
residues, by means of some suitable stirring apparatus, are then mixed in a proper
proportion with suitable fodder material for cattle, such as bran, chaff, hay, straw
or the like, in a dry and comminuted state, the resulting mixture being a porous
mass of readily drying property. It is not necessary to add the said fodder-material
to the residues of every filtration, since the porous mass obtained at the end of the
first filtration is qualified physically to serve as an equivalent mixture for the
solid residues of the second filtration, while the porous mass thus obtained at the
end of the second filtration may be added to the solid residues of the third
filtration, and so on.
The aqueous and soluble substances filtered through the filtering surface, which
may also be used with advantage in the manufacture of barm, collect in a trough
or basin here applied for the first cleansing of the filtering medium, and then are
conducted into the mashing-room to be mashed. The fresh mashing-water enters
the mashing-room through a similar trough, and on its way thither, acts to cleanse
the said filtering medium for a second time and to take away from the latter the
last residuary particles still adhering to the same. By these means nothing is lost
of the residuary liquors, the residues of filtration being transformed successively
into a dry and porous state in the said copper or pan, while the substances contained
in solution in the residuary liquors will partake in the circulation over and over
again. Those sacchariferous component parts which have not yet done fermenting
are thus allowed to ferment completely and the soluble azotic combinations are
more and more enriched.
It will be seen that the entire concentrated mass obtained from the residuary
liquors is brought into the copper in regular succession, and this shows that the said
copper contains the whole of the filtered solid and insoluble component parts of
the residuary liquors in a porous and meanwhile dried state adapted to unite with
the water of the residues of filtration which are to enter tlie copper next and to
form therewith a thick paste on being stirred. Sinall quantities of Spanish white
are then added to the paste in order to neutralize such acids as may have been
formed and to make up for the titre of lime which is missing in the residuary
liquors. The formation of carbonic acid which is thereby produced has the same
favorable effect upon the consistent mass as has the rising or heaving of the paste
in bakery. Numerous small vesicles are formed within the mass and make it
porous so that it will permit of being shaped into thin cakes, which, on being
stored away in a warm place and after drying up, will resemble sweet smelling slices
of ryc-bread.
f
The apparatus hereinbefore referred to, and designed especially for the purpose
of applying the afore-described method is shewn in the accompanying Drawing in
which
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of the said apparatus, and
Figure 2 is a top view of the same.
a indicates the feed-pipe, for supplying the hot residuary liquors from the
distillation of ardent spirits, emptying into the hopper b, in the outlet opening of
which is arranged the revolving shafte having diagonal boards for regulating the
outflow of the residuary liquors from the said hopper and for distributing the
said liquors uniformly upon the entire width of the surface of the filtering-cloth f
moving on below it. The filtering-cloth runs over a suitable number of guide-
rollers g g g g' g³ gª and passes under a press-roller h the said guide-rollers and
press-roller rotating in the directions indicated by the respective arrows. The
residuary liquors on their way toward the press-roller h will lose about 30 per cent.
of their aqueous substances and, therefore, are of a more consistent and pasty
nature when they reach the said roller than they were when they left the
hopper b. On arriving at the press roller / they are pressed by the latter against

page_text: a trough-like circular sieve bottom i which is so arranged that its circular surfaco
is not concentric with the axis of the roller h so that the paste-like residuary liquors
are pressed the harder against the bottom i the further they move on underneath
the press-roller h.
kand indicato brushes or scrapers designed to brush or scrape off the substances
adhering to the roller and the filtering cloth respectively. The solid mass
passes over the scraper into the copper or pan m serving both for a drying and
mixing receptacle. The aqueous and soluble parts of the residuary liquors passing
through the surface of the filtering-cloth ƒ on their way toward the roller / fall
down upon the bottom n arranged underneath the said cloth f, and together with
the aqueous parts obtained by pressing as described, pass through the sieve-
bottom i and the pipe o, and flowing over the roller g' and again through the
filtering cloth f, are collected in the trough or basin p whence they run into the
mashing-room as hereinbefore described. By passing through the part of the
filtering cloth adjacent to the roller g' the said aqueous substances will free tho
cloth of the greater part of the mucous matter adhering to tho said cloth.
g indicates a trough similar to the trough p for containing fresh water which
serves the purpose of taking off the filtering cloth f the romaining mucous
substances which are also conducted into the said mashing room to be used for the
same mashing-purposes as the aqueous substances from the trough p.
7 and 8 indicate brushes arranged underneath the rollers g' and go for the purpose
of brushing off that part of the mucous matter from the cloth f which has not
come off under the action of the said liquids in the troughs p and q. Finally the
filtering cloth passes between the two clastic rubber-rollers t and u to be freed of
the remnant of the residuary liquors which hence will flow back into the trough q.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my sail
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
First. The method of separating the solid and liquid component parts of the
residuary liquors from the distillation of ardent spirits, and of transforming the
said solid substances thereby obtained into a porous mass to be used for
dephlegmating the residues of filtration from such residuary liquors after the same
have been concentrated as described, by means of mixing and heating the same
with suitable fodder-material, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Second. The method of separating the solid and liquid component parts of the
residuary liquors from the distillation of ardent spirits, and of applying the said
liquid substances thereby obtained, either in the manufacture of barm, or for the
purpose of mashing, in order to allow the unfermented sacchariferous substances
therein to ferment completely, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Third. The method of applying the solid substances obtained from the one
filtration and mixed with fodder-material as described, as an admixture for the solid
substances obtained from a subsequent filtration, and of adding Spanish white to
the mixed mass of solid substances and fodder material in order to neutralize such
acids as may have been formed, to cause the forination of carbonic acid and to make
up for the missing titre of lime, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Fourth. The method of conducting repeatedly into the mashing room the
aqucous and soluble substances of the residuary liquors filtered through a filtering
cloth, for the purpose of reducing the quantity of water required, substantially as
set forth.
Fifth. The method of cleansing the filtering-cloth of the mucous matter still
adbering thereto after the solid substances have been collected, by means of the
aqueous substances obtained from the residuary liquors and by means of the fresh
mashing-water conducted into the mashing-room together with the said aqueous
substances, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.
Sixth. In apparatus for solidifying and otherwise treating the residuary liquors
from the distillation of ardent spirits, the combination of the hopper b, the shaft e

page_text: provided with diagonal boards as described, the filtering cloth, the guide-
rollers g³, g², g³,gʻ,g³, gª, the press-roller h, the trough-like sieve-bottom i arranged
as described, the scrapers and l, the copper m, the bottom n, the pipe o, the
troughs p and g, and the elastic rubber-rollers and u, substantially as, and for the
purpose, set forth.
Dated thin 15th daw as 1001