Improvements in Apparatus for Heating or Cooling Buildings
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
"Improvements in Apparatus for Heating or Cooling Buildings.”
I, WOLDEMAR POLTAVTSEFF, of 3 rue Lamartine Paris, in the Republic of France,
Journalist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to heating by means of steam or vapours, and is applicable
to heating apparatus of every description, such as stoves, fire-places and the like,
provided with the requisite arrangements.
My improved heating arrangement comprises a receiver or chamber, containing
any desired fluid capable of being converted into vapour or steam for the purpose of
diffusing heat; also a boiler and a space or reservoir filled with water. The liquid or
fluid contained in the receiver is automatically, and in predetermined quantities,
delivered by the cock or valve into a funnel, which may either be open at the top, or
closed completely; whence the said fluid passes into the boiler through a pipe. This
boiler is heated by means of a gas or petroleum burner, or from any other suitable
source of heat.
As the liquid enters the boiler, it is immediately converted into steam or vapour,
which escapes through the conduit or pipe. The arrangement of the pipe is such as
to prevent the steam or vapour, generated in the boiler, from entering the same,
while water may flow through it freely. This result may be attained by forming the
said pipe of a series of lengths of piping, each terminating in a cone, and adapted to
be screwed one upon the other.
Through the pipe the vapour or steam is conveyed either into a serpentine, or coil,"
or into some arrangement of pipes or tubes capable of giving similar results, and
placed in direct contact with the water contained in the reservoir.
In circulating through the coil, the steam becomes condensed and the condensation
liquid returns through the pipe into the receiver, whence it again flows into the
boiler.
It will be understood that the water contained in the space or reservoir owing to
the continuous circulation of the steam in the coil, is heated, and in its turn raises the
temperature of the air contained in the room or apartment wherein the apparatus is
erected.
It will be observed that to ensure the proper operation of the arrangement just
described, it is necessary that the receiver shonld in all cases be situated above the
boiler, so as to enable the liquid it contains to flow into the said boiler.
In some cases the above-mentioned funnel may be dispensed with, as may be also
the cock employed to control the supply of water or other fluid from the storing
receiver; in which case the delivery of the fluid, or its admission into the boiler, may
be regulated automatically.
For this purpose the pipe is rightly connected both with the reservoir and with
the boiler, and consequently places these two chambers in communication with each
other.
In this case the storing receiver should be so arranged in relation to the boiler, that
the level of the water or other fluid within such boiler may not rise to the top, and

page_text: that such water may not, therefore, enter the pipe and block the way of the steam
escaping from the boiler.
When the apparatus is set in operation, the water or other fluid enters the boiler
through the pipe; such fluid becomes converted into vapour, or steam, as the case
may be and the steam or vapour escapes, as before, through the pipe; passes
through the coil located within the space or reservoir which is filled with water;
becomes condensed; and returns through the pipe into the storage reservoir.
Owing to the condensation of the steam, a partial vacuum is obtained within the
coil or serpentine, so that the steam generated in the boiler is drawn in through
the pipe; and it is owing to the fact of the steam or vapour being thus drawn in,
that the fluid contained in the storage received enters the boiler through the
pipe.
It will be understood that this admission of the fluid into the boiler takes place
automatically, in proportion to the quantity of steam flowing through the pipe into
the coil; this flow of steam necessarily varying according to the difference of pressure
between the coil and boiler, that is to say in proportion to the amount of steam
condensed in the said coil, and also, consequently, in proportion to the vacuum
obtained as a result of the condensation.
Any liquids or fluids capable of being satisfactorily converted into vapour, or steam,
may be employed for the purposes of this invention. Where water is used, the
receiver may be fitted with one or more valves, so that the steam, as it reaches the
said receiver, may escape through the said valves with a view to humidifying the air
in. the apartment or room.
As before stated, the improved arrangement is applicable to any kind of heating
apparatus. For instance a stove or a chimney piece, may be provided with the
heating arrangement herein described and what has been stated in reference to the
general arrangement above described may also apply to these particular apparatus.
In these two forms of arrangement, the boiler consists of a receiver wherein are
secured tubes, serving for the conveyance of hot gases from any suitable furnace. In
addition to this, the steam generated in the tubular boiler escapes, is delivered into
a narrow space, to which also lead the upper extremities of the coils, wherein the
steam condenses, whilst raising the temperature of the water contained in the
reservoir.
In the form adapted for a stove and a chimney piece a chamber is provided for
the better utilisation of the heat of the stove or chimney. Where this chamber is
formed in the centre of the space or reservoir, as in the chimney the pipe passes
behind the vertical bottom wall of the said chamber.
In order to take advantage of all the heat developed by the stove or chimney
piece, there may be provided in the rear of each of these apparatus a space closed at
the top and on the sides. This space communicates with the chambers left free
below the said apparatus. By such means the air contained in the said space is
heated by contact with the walls of the reservoir; it entering the chambers
and escaping into the room through vents provided in the front wall of the
stove.
The several parts or devices constituting my heating apparatus may be constructed
of any suitable material; but it is obvious that the material adopted should be
capable of resisting the temperature and pressures to which such parts may be
subjected.
In the foregoing part of the specification heating by means of the arrangements
described has alone been referred to; but it will be understood that the same
arrangements might be made use of for lowering the temperature of the apartments
wherein they are erected; it being only necessary in that case, to charge the
receiver with any fluid fit to be used for the purpose, such as liquefied carbonic
acid.
The operation would remain the same, though it might become necessary to
properly cool the receiver with a view to promoting the liquefaction of the gases

page_text: returning to such receiver through the pipe after having circulated in the coil or
coils; while the furnace might be omitted.
Dated this 9th day of January 1897.
HASELTINE LAKE & Co
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C. Agents for the Applicant.
"Improvements in Apparatus for Heating or Cooling Buildings.”
I, WOLDEMAR POLTAVTSEFF, of 3 rue Lamartine Paris, in the Republic of France,
Journalist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to heating by means of steam or vapours, and is applicable
to heating apparatus of every description, such as stoves, fire-places and the like pro-
vided with the requisite arrangements.
My invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings,
in which
Figure 1 is a diagram of the improved heating arrangement;
Figure 2 represents a stove fitted with such heating arrangement;
Figure 3 shows a fire-place or chimney-piece, also fitted with the arrangement
forming the subject of this invention and
Figure 4 is a detail view hereinafter referred to.
As will be seen by referring to Figure 1, my heating arrangement comprises a
receiver or chamber A containing any desired fluid capable of being converted into
vapour or steam for the purpose of diffusing heat; also a boiler B and a space or
reservoir C filled with water. The liquid or fluid contained in the receiver A is
automatically, and in predetermined quantities, delivered by the cock or valve a into
a funnel e, which may either be open at the top, or closed completely; whence the
said fluid passes into the boiler B through a pipe b. This boiler is heated by means
of a gas or petroleum burner, or from any other suitable source of heat.
As the liquid enters the boiler B it is immediately converted into stean, or vapour,
which escapes through the conduit or pipe c. The arrangement of the pipe b is such
as to prevent the steam or vapour, generated in the boiler B, from entering the
same, while water may flow through it freely. This result may be attained by
forming the said pipe 6 of a series of lengths of piping, each terminating in a cone k,
and adapted to be screwed one upon the other as shown in Figure 4.
Through the pipe c the vapour or steam is conveyed either into a serpentine or
coil 8, or into some arrangement of pipes or tubes capable of giving similar results,
and placed in direct contact with the water contained in the reservoir C.
In circulating through the coil s, the steam becomes condensed and the condensa-
tion liquid returns through the pipe d into the receiver A, whence it again flows into
the boiler B.
It will be understood that the water contained in the space or reservoir C owing to
the continuous circulation of the steam in the coil 8, is heated, and in its turn raises
the temperature of the air contained in the room or apartment wherein the apparatus
is erected.
It will be observed that to ensure the proper operation of the arrangement just
described, it is necessary that the receiver A should in all cases be situated above the
boiler B, so as to enable the liquid it contains to flow into the said boiler.
In some cases the above-mentioned funnel e may be dispensed with, as may be also

page_text: the cock a employed to control the supply of water or other fluid from the storing
receiver, or reservoir A; in which case the delivery of the fluid, or its admission into
the boiler B, may be regulated automatically..
For this purpose the pipe b is tightly connected both with the reservoir A and
with the boiler B, and consequently places these two chambers in communication
with each other.
In this case the storing receiver A should be so arranged in relation to the boiler B,
that the level of the water or other fluid within such boiler may not rise to the top,
and that such water may not, therefore, enter the pipe c and block the way of the
steam escaping from the boiler.
When the apparatus is set in operation, the water or other fluid enters the boiler B
through the pipe b; such fluid becomes converted into vapour, or steam, as the case
may be; and the steam or vapour escapes, as before, through the pipe c; passes
through the coil 8 located within the space or reservoir C which is filled with water;
becomes condensed; and returns through the pipe d into the storage reservoir A.
Owing to the condensation of the steam, a partial vacuum is obtained within the
coil or serpentine 8, so that the steam generated in the boiler B is drawn in through
the pipe c; and it is owing to the fact of the steam or vapour being thus drawn in,
that the fluid contained in the storage receiver A enters the boiler B through the
pipe b.
It will be understood that this admission of the fluid into the boiler B takes place
automatically, in proportion to the quantity of steam flowing through the pipe c into
the coil 8; this flow of steam necessarily varying according to the difference of
pressure between the coil s and boiler B, that is to say in proportion to the amount of
steam condensed in the said coil 8, and also, consequently, in proportion to the vacuum
obtained as a result of the condensation.
Any liquids or fluids capable of being satisfactorily converted into vapour, or steam,
may be employed for the purpose of this invention. Where water is used, the
reservoir A may be fitted with one or more valves, so that the steam, as it reaches the
said receiver, may escape through the said valves with a view to humidifying the air
in the apartment or room.
As before stated, the improved arrangement is applicable to any kind of heating
apparatus. Figures 2 and 3 of the drawings show respectively, a stove and a chimney
piece, provided with the heating arrangement herein described. What has been
stated in reference to the general arrangement above described may also apply to
these particular apparatus. In these two forms of arrangement, the boiler B consists
of a receiver wherein are secured tubes t, serving for the conveyance of hot gases from
any suitable furnace O. In addition to this, the steam generated in the tubular
boiler B escapes, is delivered into a narrow space c¹, to which also lead the upper
extremities of the coils 8 and 81, wherein the steam condenses, whilst raising the
temperature of the water contained in the reservoir c.
F1, Figures 2 and 3, designates a chamber adapted for the better utilisation of the
the heat of the stove or chimney. Where this chamber is formed in the centre of
the reservoir C, as in Figure 3, the pipe c passes behind the vertical wall of the said
chamber.
In order to take advantage of all the heat developed by the stove or chimney-piece,
there may be provided in the rear of each of these apparatus a space closed at the top
and on the sides. This space communicates with the chambers V, left free below the
said apparatus. By such means the air contained in the said space is heated by
contact with the walls of the reservoir C; such air entering the chambers V and
escaping into the room through vents provided in the front wall of the stove.
The several parts or devices constituting any heating apparatus may be constructed
of any suitable material but it is obvious that the material adopted should be capable
of resisting the temperatures and pressures to which such parts may be subjected.
In the foregoing part of the specification heating by means of the arrangements
shown in the drawing has alone been referred to; but it will be understood that the same
arrangements might be made use of for lowering the temperature of the apartments

page_text: wherein they are erected; itt being only necessary, in that case, to charge the
receiver A with any fluid fit to be used for the purpose, such as liquefied carbonic
acid.
The operation would remain the same, though it might become necessary to
properly cool the receiver A with a view to promoting the liquefaction of the gases
returning to such receiver through the pipe à after having circulated in the coil or
coils 8; while the furnace O might be omitted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1) Heating apparatus arranged for continuous steam or vapour circulation,
characterised by the combination of a boiler and a storing receiver, such receiver
containing the fluid-whatever it may be-intended to be converted into vapour or
steam in the said boiler; these two chambers being connected, both, by a pipe serving
to supply the boiler with fluid and the construction of which is such that the steam
generated in the boiler may not enter it, and by a serpentine pipe extending in the
required position through a chamber filled with water; and the steam or vapour being
adapted to circulate within such pipe, to condense therein, and to be reconducted to
the storing receiver, so that it may once inore pass through the boiler and so on,
continually; substantially as described and illustrated in the drawing.
2. In the heating arrangement referred to in the first claim, the connection between
the storing receiver and boiler by means of a pipe serving to conduct the fluid to the
boiler; such pipe consisting of a series of sections or lengths of pipe, each
terminating in a cone, and provided, on the side next to the receiver,-with a funnel
above which there is arranged a cock adapted to control the discharge of the fluid
contained in the said reservoir; or the arrangement of the said pipe being such that
it directly and tightly connects the two chambers; the admission of the fluid into the
boiler being in that case controlled automatically; substantially as described.
3. The employment of the apparatus referred to in the 1st and 2nd claims, for the
purpose of cooling; substantially as described.
4. The employment of the heating and cooling arrangements covered by the 1st,
2nd and 3rd claims to all heating or cooling apparatus, and more particularly to stoves
and fire-places, substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Пател This 960 0ay of November 197
Пател This УБТ day or Novender
78601
HASELTINE LAKE & Co
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C. Agents for the Applicant.