IMPROVEMENTS IN REFINING OR DECOLORIZING SUGAR AND SYRUP
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Beanes, of No. 26, Priory Road, Kilburn,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
Scaled the 9th April 1867, and dated the 12th October 1866
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by. the said Edward Beanes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
October 1866.
I, EDWARD BEANES, of No. 26, Priory Road, Kilburn, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN REFINING OR DECOLORIZING SUGAR AND SYRUP," to be as
follows:-
I submit sugar either dry or moist or in solution to the action of ozone,
and either with or without pressure until such sugar or syrup is decolorized to
the desired point; in some cases I also treat molasses diluted or not with
ozone. It is not necessary that the ozone should be absolutely pure, though
should it be desirable to use pure ozone it may be obtained as is well known
by passing dry oxygen gas through an ozone tube in connection with an
induction coil and galvanic battery, or by various other means. I only find it.
necessary for my object to pass atmospheric air previously purified or not

page_text: instead of oxygen through the ozone tube as above explained, and from which
it is conveyed by a pipe to the vessel containing the sugar. For syrup or
other saccharine solution I prefer to place animal charcoal or other porous
bodies in the vessel holding the solution, so that the ozone may be brought
more effectually in contact with it while passing through it.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Beanes in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th April 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
BEANES, of No. 26, Priory Road, Kilburn, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
tho said Edward Beanes, Her special licence that I, the said Edward Beanes,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, tho said
Edward Beanes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein cxpressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vond, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN REFINING OR DECOLORIZING SUGAR AND SYRUP," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Edward Beanes, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Beanes, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
I submit sugar either in a dry or moist state, or in solution, to the action of
ozone, and either with or without pressure, until the sugar, syrup, molasses, or

page_text: other saccharine solution is decolorized to the desired point. To effect this
object it is not necessary that the ozone should be absolutely pure, though
should it be desirable to use pure ozone it may be obtained as is well known,
by passing dry oxygen gas through an ozone tube or generator in connexion
5 with an induction coil and galvanic battery, or by various other means. I
only find it necessary for my object to pass atmospheric air by preference
previously dried instead of oxygen through the ozone tube or generator as
above explained, and from which the ozone is conveyed by a pipe to a vessel
containing the sugar, syrup, molasses, or other saccharine solution to be acted
upon. When it is desirable to act on dry or moist sugar, the sugar may be
placed in a deep vessel having a perforated plate near the bottom; the ozone
may be forced into the compartment between the bottom of the vessol and the
perforated plate, and finding its way upwards through the sugar it will produce
the desired decolorizing action upon the sugar or saccharine matters, and the
residue will escape at the top of the vessel; this or any other convenient
means may be used. For syrup, molasses, or other saccharine solution a
similar vessel to the above may be used, but in some cases it would be pre-
ferable to keep the solution warm, also to partially fill the vessel above the
perforated plate with animal charcoal or other granular substance so that the
ozone may be brought more effectually into contact with the saccharine
matters or liquid to be acted upon and decolorized. For evaporating
saccharine solutions in general I prefer to keep the solutions to be evaporated
at a temperature not exceeding 212° Fahrenheit; this may be effected in any
known manner, as, for instance, cither by means of a double bottom to the
vessel, or by means of pipes through which hot water or vapor of the required
temperature is made to circulate. The ozone is introduced in the lower part
of the liquid by means of a perforated pipe or pipes, or a perforated double
bottom. By these means evaporation proceeds rapidly, and at the same time
the solution is much decolorized; I also find the use of ozone advantageous
in the blowing up or melting of crude sugar, so as to effect the dissolving
operation in a more speedy and effectual manner, and to assist in decolorizing
the saccharine matters, the temperature required being lower than that
hitherto usually employed. I for this purpose pass the ozone up through a
perforated bottom of the vessel in which the crude sugar and the water are
held, by which a thorough mixing of the water and the sugar is effected, and
a less degree of heat than at present used is found as above stated to be
sufficient for dissolving the crude sugar, at the same time a portion of the
coloring matter is removed (more or less according to the time the ozone is
allowed to pass through) and a certain amount of feculency is rendered

page_text: insoluble, and being then held in suspension may be readily removed by
subsequent filtration.
I do not claim any particular class or form of apparatus or vessels, neither do
I claim any particular mode of producing ozone, nor any particular temperature
at which the saccharine matters or solution should be maintained during its
treatment; but what I do claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,
the application of ozone in treating saccharine matters, substantially in the.
manner and for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Beanes, have hereunto set my.
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
above-named Edward Beanes, in
the presence of
JA!. CROWDY,
17, Sergeant's Inn, Fleet Street,
London,
Solicitor.
EDW. BEANES. (L.S.)