Im- PROVEMENTS IN EVER-POINTED PENCILS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Wiley, of 84, Great Hampton Street,
Birmingham, Pen and Pencil Manufacturer, for the Invention of "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN EVER-POINTED PENCILS."
Sealed the 27th October 1857, and dated the 4th May 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Wiley
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th May 1857.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD WILEY, of 34, Great Hampton Street, Birmingham,
Pen and Pencil Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EVER-POINTED PENCILS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in ever-pointed pencils, and
is applicable in the making of that class of ever-pointed pencils wherein. the
ends of the leads or marking material are received and held by the propellers.
And the improvements consist, first, in forming the stem of the propeller
elastic, in order that it may give way in the event of there being an obstruction
to the movement of the lead or marking material; and in some cases I
make the propeller with a moveable joint between it and the propelling
mechanism.
Secondly; the Invention consists in making such class of ever-pointed
pencils with fixed points, the propeller being arranged to protrude through

page_text: the fixed point in order to facilitate the removal of the last portion and the
introduction of the end of a fresh piece of lead or marking material. The
holding socket of the propeller is made with an opening behind in order to
admit of the last portion of lead or marking material being readily removed.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Wiley in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 3rd November 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I WILLIAM
EDWARD WILEY, of 34, Great Hampton Street, Birmingham, Pen and Pencil
Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fourth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reigu,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
William Edward Wiley, Her special licence that I, the said William Edward
Wiley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said William Edward Wiley, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, excrcise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN EVER-POINTED PENCILS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said William Edward Wiley, my exccutors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and scals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Wiley, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:―
This Invention has for its object. improvements in ever-pointed pencils,
and is applicable in the making of that class of ever-pointed pencils wherein
tho ends of the leads or marking material are received and held by the
propellers. And the improvements consist, first, in forming the stem of the

page_text: 5
propeller elastic, in order that it may give way in the event of their being
an obstruction to the movement of the lead or marking material; and in
some cases I make the propeller with a moveable joint between it and the
propelling mechanism.
Secondly, the Invention consists in making such class of ever-pointed
pencils with fixed points, the propeller being arranged to protrude through
the fixed point in order to facilitate the removal of the last portion and the
introduction of the end of a fresh piece of lead or marking material. The
bolding socket of the propeller is made with an opening behind in order to
admit of the last portion of lead or marking material being readily removed.
Having thus stated the nature of my said Invention, I will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figuro 1 shows an external view of an ever-pointed pencil; Figure 2
shows a vertical section thereof; and the other Figures shew views of separate
parts. a is the outer case, which is of the ordinary description, and it is
formed with an internal screw or worm b, as heretofore; c is the propeller,
which at its outer end receives the end of a piece of lead or of other marking
material, which fits sufficiently tight to admit of the propeller holding the
lead securely when moved into or out of the holder. In order readily to
remove the last portion of a piece of lead or other marking material there
is a hole at the side at c of the propeller near its outer end. The propeller,
in place of being made in one piece, as heretofore, is made flexible in its
length, and so as to yield in its length in case of impediment. This yielding
may be accomplished in different ways. I prefer the two arrangements shown
respectively at Figures 3 and 4, where the upper end is in the one case hinged
or pin-jointed at to the other part, and in the other instance there is a
spring at c', but the means of giving flexibility may be varied. d is the inner
tube, within which the propeller and marking material move. Heretofore,
in forming ever-pointed pencils, it has been usual to have the nozzles or points
to unscrew in order to get at the end of the propeller: by my Invention
and construction the nozzle a¹ is fixed, and the propeller is arranged to pass
through and beyond the point or end of the case or holder, thus admitting
of the nozzle or pointed end being a fixture with the holder or case. And
in order that the end of the propeller may thus pass out and yet the pointed
end of the case or nozzle may embrace the lead or marking material, I make
the pointed end a' of the case of two parts, and I solder them in order to
fix them to the case; but I leave a portion on either side unsoldered, so that

page_text: the pointed ends may be separated by the propeller when its end passes
through, by which the two points will spring together when the propeller is
moved back into the case or holder. Or, in place thereof, the point may bo
made in one tube with the inner tubo d, and split at the pointed end; or
instead thereof, the outer caso may be split to allow of the end of the propeller
passing through, as shown at Fig. 5. The fixing of the nozzle or pointed
end of the case or holder, and arranging the parts so as to allow of the
passage at the end of the propeller, will be found very advantageous.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Wiley, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Second day of November, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
WILLIAM EDWARD WILEY. (L.S.)
Witness,
HENRY WILLIAM CARPMAEL.