matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLING BICYCLES SO AS TO FORM A DOUBLE CARRIAGE WHEN REQUIRED
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Christopher Norris Baker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th April 1883.
CHRISTOPHER NORRIS BAKER of Birmingham in the County of Warwick
Merchant. "IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLING BICYCLES SO AS TO FORM A DOUBLE
CARRIAGE WHEN REQUIRED."
"
The object of this Invention is to attach two Bicycles together in such a way as
to form them into a machine capable of carrying two riders and of standing by
itself when not in use. To effect this I take one or more rods of steel or other
metal having at each end a chair or arrangement by means of which two Bicycles
may be firmly attached or fixed together. This can be done by means of the rod
or rods above described being being fixed either from Backbone to Backbone, from
axle to axle, or from the fork of each machine, but the method I prefer is attaching
the two machines from the Backbone, and if one of the rods be placed to connect
the bottom part of the Backbones, this rod will form a step for mounting the
machine.
These rods may be attached by means of Thumb screws or other arrangement to
enable them readily to be detached by the riders.
In order to enable either one of the handle bars to actuate the steering of the
two machines thus combined, I attach to the head of the fork of each machine an
these two arms being connected by a rod, so that in whatever direction the
one arm is turned, the other will follow, and thus the machine may be used by only
one rider when desired.
arm,
IMPROVE- MENTS IN COMBINATION TOOLS FOR KITCHEN USE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Brierley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 20th January 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by Paul Frost of Breslau Germany
WALTER BRIERLEY of Halifax in the County of York Patent Agent
"IMPROVE-
MENTS IN COMBINATION TOOLS FOR KITCHEN USE" communicated to me from
abroad by Paul Frost of Breslau Germany
This Invention relates to a combination tool which may be used as required for
splitting wood cutting or breaking bones or other material for mashing or beating
meat and other like uses.
Upon a small square plate are erected two standards which are provided with
large central apertures and narrow vertical slits at their upper ends. The central
apertures forms the receptacle for the handle of a hammer one face of which is
flat or even while the other is notched or cross cut in the style usually employed in
the meat beaters
In the upper narrow slits of the two Vertical Standards is placed the blade of a
cutting tool the upper longitudinal edge of which is sharpened.
The block of wood to be split or bone to be broken is held upon the edge of the
longitudinal cutting tool and by a stroke of the hammer given to the upper end
of the block of wood or bone the latter will be split or broken. For preventing
the splints from flying or being jerked off-two semi circular straps or hoops of
flat Iron are secured to the Standards at both sides of and close under the blade
of the cutting tool-A guard hood made of sheet metal and covering the mortising
edge of the cutting tool is attached to one of the Standards
The hammer and the cutting tool are readily detached and may then be used in
the ordinary way for beating or mashing meat and other like uses.
The bottom plate of the apparatus rests upon small pieces of felt or India rubber
serving as noise Dampers.
AN IMPROVED SECTIONAL BOLLER AND FEEDWATER-REGULATOR
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd April 1883. A communication
to him from abroad by Erwin Schmidt, of Leipzig, in the kingdom of
Saxony
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "AN IMPROVED SECTIONAL
BOLLER AND FEEDWATER-REGULATOR," a communication to me from abroad by
Erwin Schmidt, of Leipzig, in the Kingdom of Saxony.
This invention relates to sectional boilers and to feedwater-regulators.
It comprises a boiler composed of sections placed in alternation and screwed
together by means of tie-rods or anchors and superposed vertically or placed side
by side, said sections communicating with each other by suitable openings and
being also provided with openings for cleaning, some of the sections supporting
the cross pipes, which owing to their alternate position form the flues and are
closed at both extremities by means of flanges.
The invention also comprises an automatic feed water-regulator formed by a
pipe communicating with the water space and steam space, and in which pipe is
situated an inlet-valve controlled by a float, through which valve feed water is
supplied by means of a continuously working pump, and which feed water on the
closing of the said valve flows back to the reservoir through a loaded overflow
valve.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE JOINING OF FRENCH HORN AND WHALEBONE BY THE SYSTEM OF DOVETAILING THE ENDS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward, Rosenwald at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st March 1883. Communicated to him
from abroad by Felix Robin of 156 Rue Oberkampf Paris
EDWARD ROSENWALD of N° 27. Noble Street in the City of London
Manufacturer IMPROVEMENTS IN THE JOINING OF FRENCH HORN AND WHALEBONE
BY THE SYSTEM OF DOVETAILING THE ENDS [communicated to him from abroad by
Felix Robin of 156 Rue Oberkampf Paris]
The pieces of horn or whalebone are in the first place cut at the ends in such
shape or shapes that one end dovetails or fits into the other and when so fitted
they become self connected such connection being firmly fixed and made secure by
a metal clasp of a size large enough to admit the whalebone or horn which is placed
over the connection and punched into the whalebone or horn in four places thus
firmly fixing the two pieces of whale bone or horn to the metal clasp. There are
many shapes in which the whale bone or horn may be cut so as to render them self
connecting. Two examples are shewn in the plan The examples of cutting are
marked in the plan "a" and "b" the connection is marked "c" and the obverse
and reverse sides of the metal clasp fixing the connection are respectively marked
d" and "e"
88
IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATIC SANITARY FLUSHING APPARATUS CHIEFLY APPLICABLE TO URINALS AND WATER CLOSETS.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick James Austin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st February 1883.
FREDERICK JAMES AUSTIN of Merton Cottage, Bath Road, Hounslow in the
County of Middlesex, Sanitary Engineer, "IMPROVEMENTS IN AUTOMATIC SANITARY
FLUSHING APPARATUS CHIEFLY APPLICABLE TO URINALS AND WATER CLOSETS.'
My Invention relates to improvements in sanitary flushing apparatus chiefly
applicable to urinals and water-closets.-My improved apparatus consists of an
ordinary tank or cistern, in or near the centre and running up through the bottom'
of which is an outflow pipe for discharging the cistern as aftermentioned.-Over
this out-flow pipe an extending from about an inch or half an inch from the bottom
of the tank or cistern is another pipe closed at the top and covering the other like
a cap or inverted tumbler-leaving a clear space round the exterior of the inner
pipe and over the top of it about an inch or thereabouts according to the
dimensions of the tank or cistern to be discharged.
The water supply comes from the Main or other source in the usual way by
means of a ball-valve and regulating tap which work as follows:-The tap can be
so regulated as to fill the cistern to a certain given line or height therein up to and
on a level with the mouth of the outflow pipe at regular periods of time, say 3, 6,
or 12 times a day or more frequently if required.-When the water in the tank
reaches the aforesaid given line the ball cock is thereby raised which further opens
the valve and allows the water to rush into the cistern very rapidly until it rises
over the Cap aforesaid whereupon the effect of a syphon is caused and the
contents of the tank or cistern are at once rapidly discharged down the out-flow
pipe.
I also fix over and within the aforesaid cistern a tank containing disinfecting
fluid with a ball-valve at the bottom of it, so that by means of this ball tap
operating within the larger water cistern or tank, the valve is automatically opened
simultaneously with the rapid discharge of the water into the cistern as before
mentioned, and the Contents thereof Coloured or deodorized.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE EVAPORATION OF LIQUIDS AND THE EXTRACTION OF SOLID MATTERS THEREFROM
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Bell and John Henry Lewis
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th March 1883.
ANDREW BELL of Manchester and JOHN HENRY LEWIS of Widnes in the
County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE EVAPORATION OF
LIQUIDS AND THE EXTRACTION OF SOLID MATTERS THEREFROM
"
This Invention consists of a pan or pans which we make preferably of a
cylindrical form, but with a semicircular or otherwise curved bottom; Under this
curved bottom and following its shape, we fix a jacket or trough, and continue the
same on each side of the pan to its upper edge, this trough is open to the pan, and
the object of it is to receive the solid matters which are precipitated from the
liquid during evaporation; Traversing through this jacket or trough is an endless
chain with buckets attached, which fish out the solid matters, and elevate them to
the top of the pan, and there deliver them into any suitable receptacle.
This chain of buckets is operated by wheels and shafts, fixed to the top of the
pan, and driven by any suitable driving power.
The chain of buckets is guided in its passage through the jacket or trough, by
rollers fixed therein, which prevent the chain from rubbing against the side of the
pan, and causing undue friction,
Inside the pan is fixed an upright shaft in the centre, supported by a footstep
at or near the bottom of the pan; upon this shaft are fixed arms, and scrapers,
which, revolving with the shaft, clear the sides and bottom of the pan from all
adhering solid matter; this shaft may be driven by the same gearing employed
for working the endless chain,
We evaporate the liquids by means of steam coils placed inside the pans, and
we prevent incrustation of solid matters upon the coils, by means of rotating
scrapers, which traverse the whole surface of the coil from top to bottom and
vice versa, being operated by suitable reversing machinery placed at the top of the
pan. A patent for these coils and scrapers has been granted to Andrew Bell dated
December 24th 1870, and numbered 8365.
A single pan, or any convenient number of pans may be operated in this manner,
with arrangement for disconnecting any or all of a set,

page_text: Or, we may evaporate the liquids by means of waste heat from boilers or other
furnaces, carried round the outside of the pan or pans, by suitable flues, with
dampers for shutting off any or all of the pans if required, or we may employ
direct fires for evaporating the liquids if preferred, or we may combine the two
methods of evaporation, by steam coils inside the pans, and fire heat applied to
the outside of the pans,
We claim as our Invention
1. The arrangement of pan with jacket or trough, with endless chain of buckets
working therein, and arrangement of scrapers for cleaning sides and bottom of pan
as described,
2nd. The application of steam coils, with travelling scrapers to prevent incrustation,
substantially in the manner set forth.
$1.'
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRYING CLEANING AND DRESSING GRAIN, SEEDS AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE TREATMENT OF OTHER MATTERS OR MATERIAL.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Keighley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 12th July 1883.
EDWARD KEIGHLEY of Scarborough in the County of York, Agriculturalist's
Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DRYING CLEANING AND
DRESSING GRAIN, SEEDS AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO
APPLICABLE TO THE TREATMENT OF OTHER MATTERS OR MATERIAL.."
The improvements are particularly applicable to that class of machinery or
apparatus for which Letters Patent where granted to me bearing date the 29th of
April 1881 N° 1858 and relate.
First to forming the lifters double and hollow thus superseding the necessity of
steam-coil and cylinder; in case the lifters are made of wire I so centre the whole
that each is spun into a cube and passed through the bearings in a groove cut in
the main shaft and applied to an electric battery.
The hollow plates can be heated the same as cylinder by steam or by a
serpentine or coil of small pipes this being the way of heating the wire cloth.
Second in addition to the hollow shaft or axis I bore the centre of each shaft to
pass and fix on the shaft inside the bearings a steam box or chamber, this being
charged with steam by inlet to meet cavity at each end bored out of shaft ends
each end of these being attached by stuffing box ball socket or such method to the
steam pipe from the boiler the other discharging condensed steam controlled by
a tap.
Third. Besides blowing the current of air in at the neck there is a contrivance
whereby the blast can flow through pipes fixed in the spaces between arms of the
foundation wheel this being made the bottom of large the drum or cylinder
containing the material to be operated upon.
I apply in some cases a heavy slack chain attached by (and revolving on) a pivot
secured to each of the arms on the two wheels or castings opposite each other inside
and supporting the large drum or cylinder to thrash out the grain from the ears;
id est such as have been "short cut" from the straw which has been left to be
reaped at convenience.
The plates described in the first part of the improvements are applicable to other
kinds of corn drying apparatus employing a revolving setting of plates forming at
their end a sort of star for example or arranged so as to converge towards a central
point.
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OR ARRANGEMENT OF BOUQUET HOLDER AND APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Wibberley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd September 1883.
FREDERICK WIBBERLEY of 36 to 40 Newgate Street in the City of London
Jeweller IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OR ARRANGEMENT OF BOUQUET HOLDER AND
APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH
The object of this invention is to make construct or arrange bouquet holders in
such a manner that the handle portion can be opened on hinge joints for the
reception of the stems of flowers. The interior of the handle or half handles is
provided with pins which serve to hold the flower stems within the handle.
The top or open end of the holder is of conical shape and has a socket piece or
fringe thereon on which the flowers can rest said conical end or socket piece being
available for the reception of a detachable socket or fringe which when the flowers
are therein can be readily removed and used as a stand for supporting the flowers
in water. The handle proper may have an extension composed of jointed legs
capable of being spread out or sprung out to form a tripod, the ends of the legs
being screw threaded or otherwise prepared for a cap to hold the legs together as
an extension of the holder.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR PICTURES AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th September 1883. Communi-
cated to him from abroad by Clément Marot, of Troyes, France.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
HOLDERS FOR PICTURES AND OTHER ARTICLES," a communication to me from abroad
by Clément Marot, of Troyes, France,
This invention has for its object to facilitate the carrying and handling of oil
paintings, water colours, sketches and other articles.
For this purpose I construct a frame composed of a cross-head formed by two
movable parts held together by means of a screw furnished with a nut.
At the ends of these movable parts are iron rods pivoted at one end and having
at their other end fixed coupling boxes adapted to receive another set of rods the
upper ends of which are free, and so allowing the rods in the coupling boxes to be
adjusted as to length while the other ends are pivoted to blocks provided with a
suitable device for fixing to the picture or other article and for firmly securing the
game.
For facilitating transport a ring or movable handle may be fixed to the cross head
in any suitable manner.
A frame thus constructed and applied to pictures or other articles allows of the
latter being covered with an oil-cloth or with other suitable covering without
coming in contact with the same.
The whole device may be constructed in metal or of metal and wood combined.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES AND ELECTRO-MOTORS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Thornycroft Vernon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd May 1883.
THOMAS THORNYCROFT VERNON of Uttoxeter in the County of Stafford Electrician
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES AND ELECTRO-MOTORS "
The object of my invention is to prevent the loss, ordinarily arising in the
working of dynamo-electric machines and electro-motors, from the dissipation of
electric energy into the metal framing of which they are usually constructed,
whereby the electro motive force is diverted and a portion of its useful effect
wasted.
I construct the framing and mountings of the apparatus as much as possible of
fibre, ebonite, or other suitable non conducting material, using as small a quantity
of metal as convenient and I substitute for the ordinary Field electro-magnet or
magnets, one or more coil or coils of wire (herein after called the "Field coils ")
surrounding the armature, and which may be of any shape, but preferably of the
"Pacinotti" type
-
The Field coils are arranged in close proximity to the orbit of the armature,
thereby affording a suitable magnetic field for the armature to revolve in.
The effect of the above construction is that. the induced currents act and react
upon each other in a direct and uninterrupted manner, thus conducing to great
economy in working, and the apparatus can be made light and portable
The revolving magnets are mounted and driven in the usual manner.
IMPROVEMENTS IN 66 TRICYCLES AND OTHER VEHICLES TO BE PROPELLED BY HUMAN POWER
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Colin Mather at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th June 1883.
COLIN MATHER of the firm of Mossieurs Mather and Platt, Salford Iron
Works, Manchester in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN
66
TRICYCLES AND OTHER VEHICLES TO BE PROPELLED BY HUMAN POWER' "
My invention relates to tricycles or other vehicles propelled by human power,
and the object of my invention is to improve the driving gear for the purpose of
obtaining any required ratio of power or velocity between the treadle and the
driving wheel and thus gaining either power or, speed as may be found desirable
To effect this I employ two or more elliptical, oval or any shaped-other than
round-chain or spur wheels: I secure one of these elliptical chain wheels to the
treadle shaft, and the other to the driving wheel or driving wheel shaft, and
connect the two by a chain in the ordinary manner or by direct gearing.
In applying my invention to a tricycle, I prefer to secure a boss with a flange
to the treadle shaft, and I fit one of the elliptical wheels loosely on this boss, so
that one side of it comes against the flange; one or more slots is made through
the wheel, extending from a point in the largest diameter to a point in the smallest
diameter; a stud passes through a hole, in the flange and one of the slots in the
wheel, and is used to connect the flange and wheel By altering the position of
the stud in the slot of the elliptical wheel and so setting the treadle crank in a
line with the shortest diameter of that elliptical wheel which is on it the maximum
amount of driving power is obtained, and by setting the treadle crank in a line
with the largest diameter the maximum amount of speed is obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING APPARATUS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Greig at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st December 1883.
GEORGE GREIG, Engineer, residing in Harvieston, Stonehaven, Scotland.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING APPARATUS
"
The introduction of fresh air into an apartment for ventilation presents serious
difficulties on account of the sensation of draught which the entering current
produces, especially on such of the occupants as may be near the inlet. My
invention relates to apparatus whereby a large supply of fresh air can be
introduced into an apartment in a manner so distributed and diffused that no
local draughts are produced by it. For this purpose, when the apartment is of
moderate size, I provide in the centre of the ceiling an aperture of sufficient area
for the inlet of air, and under this aperture, at a short distance below its mouth,
I fix a deflecting plate which may be circular and is preferably concave on its
upper side, so that air descending vertically through the inlet aperture is deflected
in a horizontal direction and caused to spread out and flow along the ceiling,
gradually diffusing itself in the atmosphere of the apartment. The supply current
may be produced by any convenient means. When there is an outlet for the foul
air of the apartment, subject to a chimney or other draught, the fresh air will
naturally enter to take the place of the foul air that is drawn off. I prefer,
however, to send a current of fresh air into the apartment by means of a fan or
blower, as the maintenance of a plenum effectually prevents smoky chimneys, or
offensive or insalubrious emanations. When the apartment is of large size, several
supply inlets are provided in the ceiling, each with its deflector, so as to obtain
more equal distribution of the entering air. The deflectors may be ornamented
according to any desired design, so as to present the appearance of rosettes, such as
are often provided on ceilings or in their panels. As gas or other lights or sun
burners are often arranged under or in such rosettes, I provide, in such cases, a
central tube for the passage upwards of the foul air and products of combustion,
and around it an annular passage for the descent of the fresh air supply, the
rosette deflector extending outwards from the mouth of the central tube.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS FOR ROCKING CHAIRS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Taylor Simpson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 9th March 1883.
JOHN TAYLOR SIMPSON of the firm of Thomas Simpson and Sons, of Halifax
in the County of York, Cabinet Makers and Upholsterers.
"AN IMPROVED
CONSTRUCTION AND ARRANGEMENT OF APPARATUS FOR ROCKING CHAIRS."
The object of my Invention is to construct an easy, noiseless and comfortable
rocking chair; and this I accomplish by the employment of a stationary basement,
or bearer upon which the curved part of the rocker rests.
A bell crank lever is hinged to the basement, the upper end of which rests upon
an india rubber, or other form of cushion attached to the side of the curved rocker,
whilst the bottom or opposite end of such lever is connected by a spiral spring to a
bracket also attached to the rocker.
In addition to the lever and spiral spring I employ a flat steel spring, one end of
which is attached to the underside of the rocker, and the other end attached to the
level part of the stationary basement, which besides assisting to rock the chair
prevents it from twisting out of a parallel line with the basement.
By these combined means the chair will rock to and fro with great freedom and
when the person using the said chair ceases to produce the rocking movement
the arrangement of lever and springs herein described, allows the chair to quitely
cease rocking, and not come to an immediate stand, as is now the case with the
present construction of rocking chair.
The arrangement of levers, and springs above referred to may be placed in a
visa versa position to that described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SIDE SADDLES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Winans at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 27th January 1883.
WALTER WINANS of Clarendon Terrace Brighton in the County of Sussex,
Gentleman "IMPROVEMENTS IN SIDE SADDLES "
The object of this invention is to prevent the pommels of a lady's side saddle
from injuring the rider in the event of the horse falling and rolling on her, and it
consists in so constructing the side saddle that the crutches or pommels shall fold
down or be pressed flat on the saddle or into suitable recesses formed therein, in
the direction of the curve of the said pommels, and will spring upright or assume
their normal position when the horse gets clear of the rider and regains his feet.
This result may be conveniently achieved by hinging the near and leaping
pommels to the saddle or saddle-tree, in such a manner that they can be folded or
pressed down in opposite directions when external pressure is applied; a spring of
rubber or metal adapted between the said pommels serving to restore them when
the said pressure is removed to their normal position.
The off pommel may also be arranged to collapse in the manner above explained,
but, being of small size is preferably left fixed. When however the off pommel
is of the modern form which is practically a continuation of the seat it may be so
constructed as to go back into a socket, with a spring to force it out again when
pressure is removed therefrom.
These folding or collapsible pommels are so arranged that they cannot be pushed
down by the pressure of the riders legs when she is fairly seated in position, as
such pressure will be exerted in the opposite direction to the hinge, but should the
horse fall and roll over on the rider, the pommels will yield and be pressed flat
against or into recesses in the saddle, and will not injure the rider.
The main crutch or pommel is hinged to close or fold towards the off side; and
the leaping pommel to close in a downward direction.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PICKERS AND IN THE PARTS UPON WHICH THEY SLIDE AND IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR CHECKING PICKERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Holding at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 7th April 1883.
JOSEPH HOLDING of Lower Broughton in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PICKERS AND IN THE PARTS UPON WHICH THEY SLIDE AND
IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR CHECKING PICKERS
"
My Invention relates in the first place to the pickers employed in looms for
weaving and has for its object to prevent the shuttle from flying out of the race.
I form or provide the picker with a projecting piece which just clears the box bottom
and projects forwards in the direction of the warp. This piece may be a single
thickness of buffalo hide or may be of other material. When the shuttle approaches
the picker the said projecting piece raises the outer end of the shuttle thereby
depressing the inner end and when the shuttle is driven out of the box the said
inner end is still depressed whereby the tendency for the shuttle to fly out is
lessened. In the second place to guide the shuttle 1 employ two rectangular or
nearly rectangular bars or channeled bars of cast iron. In some cases I may use
steel or wrought iron. In the third place I dispense with the ordinary check strap
and employ a hinged weight or a lever or spring or a spring lever to check each
picker. In one case a hinged lever with or without a spring is formed with an
inclined or curved face upon which the picker acts to raise the lever when driven
to the end of the box the shuttle being thereby checked. In other cases curved or
bent springs are substituted for levers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRO-CARBON HEATING STOVES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Cephas Butler at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st June 1883.
CEPHAS BUTLER of 390 New John St West Birmingham in the County of
Warwick Lamp Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN HYDRO-CARBON HEATING
STOVES
17
The object of my invention is to produce the cheerful appearance of an open fire
with the ordinary utility of a Hydro Carbon Heating Stove.
Hitherto in the case of hydro carbon oil stoves for heating purposes the stove or
apparatus has been constructed with a chimney composed mainly of metal for the
perfecting of the combustion by which means the light is only visible on one side.
The object of my invention is to displace this chimney constructed mainly of metal
inserted in the body of the stove or apparatus and to substitute in its place in the
form of a cylinder or otherwise an independent arrangement of glass either in one
piece or in two concave pieces or in two straight pieces or in several strips of glass
either concave or straight arranged as may be desired which arrangement of glass
shall form the chimney of the burner by means of which perfect combustion is
obtained and through which the light of the stove or apparatus shall be plainly
visible on both sides. I prefer to construct the sides of metal, inserting the glass
at front and back.
By my proposed arrangement the burner is not in any way dependent upon the
construction of the stove but perfect combustion of the oil is obtained by means of
the independent chimney before described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE A communication to me from abroad OF ALUMINUM AND ALLUMINUM ALLOYS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Pearce Wilding at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 18th December 1883. Com-
municated to him from abroad by Ludwig Grabau, of Hanover, Civil
Engineer.
SAMUEL PEARCE WILDING, of the firm of Fell and Wilding, of 23 Rood Lane,
in the City of London, Patent Agents, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
A communication to me from abroad
OF ALUMINUM AND ALLUMINUM ALLOYS."
by Ludwig Grabau, of Hanover, Civil Engineer
The object of this invention is to obtain aluminum from alumina or argillaceous
earth, or from the fluor combinations of aluminum, as hereinafter described.
When pure aluminum is to be produced, Phosphor aluminum of high percentage
is first produced by melting together aluminum and phosphorus, or by the melting
together of aluminum and phosphor salts, and mixing the same with materials for
the reducing of the phosphorus, or by any other suitable means. The phosphor
aluminum is crushed, mixed with alumina or argillaceous earth, and then heated
to incandescence, under a protecting cover of coal-powder or similar material, in a
crucible. Under the influence of the high temperature the phosphorus of the
metal reduces the alumina, and free aluminum is formed, which combines with the
aluminum originally placed in the crucible, as also a slag of phosphor-alumina
combinations. After the cooling of the contents of the crucible, they are crushed,
and the metal separated from the slag and melted by the assistance of a suitable
flux to entirely separate the slag.
If, instead of pure aluminum, aluminum alloys, such as aluminum copper,
aluininum silver, etc., are to be obtained, phosphor copper or phosphor silver etc. are
used as reducing materials. The phosphor metal to be used is crushed, mixed with
alumina, and exposed to incandescent heat. The phosphorus effects, as said before,
the reducing of the alumina, and the freed aluminum alloys itself direct with the
copper or silver respectively. The alloy thus obtained may also be treated further
with phosphorus, and this again used for the reducing of the alumina in order to
increase the percentage of aluminum.
When the production is to be carried out on a large scale, the working is effected
in a reverberatory furnace under the application of a reducing flame.
Instead of phosphor metals, the corresponding manganesic or carbonaceous metals
may be used, and the fluor-combinations of aluminum instead of alumina or
argillaceous earth.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION AND IN THE PROPULSION OF SHIPS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Raphael Hunter Brandon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th June 1883. Communicated
to him by Emmanuel Lavarenne, Engineer, residing in Paris, in the Republic
of France.
RAPHAEL HUNTER BRANDON of N° 1 Rue Laffitte Paris in the Republic of
France, Engineer and Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
AND IN THE PROPULSION OF SHIPS (A communication to me by Emmanuel
Lavarenne, Engineer, residing in Paris, in the Republic of France)
"
The present Invention has reference firstly to the construction or form of ships,
which, according to the improvements, are made with the usual shaped prow or
slightly less tapering, followed by a parallel part for the hull which tapers finally
towards the stern.
Secondly as regards the means of propulsion, air is compressed by the engine of
the ship and passed through a pipe placed centrally in the ship towards its prow
where it is connected to a cross pipe, each end of which passes through the skin of
the ship below the water line to a vertical pipe provided with a vertical slot
directed towards the stern and through which the air impinges against the water,
it is further advantageous to place on each side of the ship, at the top of each of
the said vertical pipes, a projecting plate which may be slightly inclined, the
highest part being near the prow, and at the bottom of each of the said vertical
pipes, an inclined conical pipe, the mouth of which is also directed towards the
stern of the ship, it is further advantageous, under certain circumstances, to attach
below the water line on the parallel part of the hull and on each side a plate about
one quarter the length of the ship, standing out from one to two feet according to
the size of the ship and inclined in the direction of its length, its most elevated
part being near the prow.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SULPHITE OF LIME AND OF OTHER EARTHY OR ALKALINE BASES.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Powell at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th May 1883.
RICHARD POWELL of Liverpool in the county of Lancaster
"IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SULPHITE OF LIME AND OF OTHER EARTHY OR ALKALINE
BASES.
"
The Manufacture of Sulphite of Lime by an easy and inexpensive method, has
for some years been a desideratum for the supply of certain trades, but hitherto
only comparatively difficult and expensive processes have been discovered requiring
considerable technical skill and only to be carried out in retail operations. So that
while Gypsum or Sulphate of Lime can be bought at £1 per ton Sulphite of Lime
an almost identical salt readily sells at from £80 to £120 per ton and I have
therefore exerted myself to discover a means of converting the cheap and plentiful
Sulphate into the dear and scarce Sulphite of Lime.
This I effect by withdrawing one atom of oxygen from the sulphate by a
de-oxidizing agent as for instance by intimately intermingling the sulphate of Lime
with the necessary proportion of carbon or sulphur and heating it in a closed or
partially closed vessel until the process is complete.
The same state of things apply equally though in a less degree to the sulphates
and sulphites of soda and magnesia and other earthy and alkaline salts and the
de-oxidation may be effected in a similar way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLIPPING HORSES OR OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Clayton Mewburn at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th February 1883. [Communicated
to him from abroad by Mess F. Guillaume et Compagnie of 1 Boulevard S
Denis, Paris, France]
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN of 169 Fleet Street in the City of London, Patent
Agent and Consulting Engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CLIPPING
HORSES OR OTHER ANIMALS [communicated to him from abroad by Mess™ F.
Guillaume et Compagnie of 1 Boulevard St Denis, Paris, France]
This invention consists of improvements in apparatus for clipping horses or other
animals. In the improved apparatus the ordinary tightening up lever is dispensed
with and the pressure plate is formed with two holes of T form into which engage
two tenons or projections likewise of T form on the fixed cutter or comb bar, thus
constituting a sort of bayonet fastening. The movable cutter or comb bar has two
longitudinal holes engaging or taking on to the shanks of the tenons which thus
act as guides to this cutter or bar. Two screws passing through the pressure plate
press against the body or stock of the apparatus and convert the pressure plate
into a lever the point of support of which is the lower face of the head of the tenon.
The action of the screws causes the upper part of the plate to bear against the
movable cutter or comb bar which it tightens against the fixed bar.
The arrangement above described allows of the apparatus being readily taken
to pieces for cleaning; for this purpose the screws are unscrewed and the plate is
disengaged from the tenons; the movable cutter or comb bar can then be detached
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAWN TENNIS BATS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Henry Ayres at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th February 1883.
FREDERICK HENRY AYRES of 111 Aldersgate Street City of London Manu-
facturer "IMPROVEMENTS IN LAWN TENNIS BATS
"
This Invention of Improvements in lawn tennis bats relates to the manner of
lacing the net and making the reticulated part of the catgut which strikes the ball
the object being to get even tension regular division of the spaces of the net and
secure fastening with the strain thrown in the central plane of the bat frame.
I accomplish this by piercing the outside of the bat frame where the gut is to
be laced at regular distances to a certain depth with holes say to 1 or 1½ of the
depth of the frame then at the bottom of these holes I make two divergent holes to
the inside of the frame these holes coming out in equal or nearly equidistant spaces
in the inside edge of the bat frame and in one plane.
On the outside of the bat frame I connect the outer mouths of the holes by a
channel in which is laid gut or wire or other fibre suitable and then I lace the bat
carrying the gut over the laid in gut and through one of the diverging holes across
the bat frame through the opposite diverging hole into the larger hole then round the
inlaid gut then back through the other diverging hole of the pair of holes and
Each string of the gut
again across the bat frame forming the net, and so on.
forming the net therefore, has a hole to itself in the inside of the bat frame, and
nearly at the outside of the bat frame the inner holes come into the outer one, and
the gut there and in this outer hole bends over the laid in gut.
In this way I get a very tightly tensioned bat the strain is thrown in the central
plune of the bat great regularity of the net spaces and the outer return ends of the
gut perfectly protected.
MENTS IN SADDLE BARS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Davis at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd May 1883.
"
SAMUEL DAVIS of 10, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Saddler, IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SADDLE BARS
"
My Invention for improved saddle bar consists mainly as follows, and has for
its special object the releasing of the rider when falling in any position.
In carrying out my Invention, I attach to the saddle tree a box or slotted piece
open at both ends and at the bottom-The bottom part and ends are shaped at a
certain angle so as to retain or release at certain points an attachment hereafter
described. The attachment fits between the slotted piece, and, is so constructed as
to swing to and fro like a pendulum, the pendulum action being shaped to
correspond with the angles in the box or slotted piece, giving ingress or egress at
the points required, which is when rider is thrown from his horse on to the
ground, and would otherwise be dragged by hanging in the stirrup; this release
being however a separate release from the release of the lower part of the attach-
ment hereafter described the action of the apparatus being thus twofold, the
release of the pendulum attachment in one case or the release of the throw over
action described by the lower part of the attachment in the other.
The lower part of the attachment is formed into a crank shaped boss, in the
centre of which on each side is a stop pin, in which crank another piece is inserted,
working freely, having at its lower part a loop with a roller which carries the
stirrup leather, and forming one piece working in the crank shaped boss before
described The action being that whilst the rider is riding, it remains perfectly
firm and steady, forming a continuous piece in the boss, but when the stirrup
leather is thrown over the saddle, the loop travels round the crank under the pins
until it reaches the upper part of said pins, when it is at once by said action
released, and becomes freed from the pendulum piece hanging in the box before
described, releasing the rider forthwith.
A NEW PROCESS FOR PREPARING AND PAINTING PHOTOGRAPIIS PRINTS OR DRAWINGS SO AS TO RESEMBLE OIL PAINTINGS ON CANVAS.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alberta Mary Frances Caspar at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd August 1883.
ALBERTA MARY FRANCES CASPAR of 200 and 223 Regent Street in the County
of Middlesex Artist A NEW PROCESS FOR PREPARING AND PAINTING PHOTOGRAPIIS
PRINTS OR DRAWINGS SO AS TO RESEMBLE OIL PAINTINGS ON CANVAS.
The photograph print or drawing selected should be quite dry and fastened face
downwards to a drawing board or table with four drawing pins. It should then
be rubbed with glass or sand paper until it becomes quite thin. The surface of
this reverse side must then be spread with an adhesive gum or paste or glue and
if a photograph must be previously soaked with water. The photograph print or
drawing so prepared is then covered by coarse canvas and this is pressed and rolled
until the fibre of the canvas penetrates and shows through the photograph print or
drawing. The photograph print or drawing and canvas is then allowed to dry
while still fastened flatly to the board or table. When dry the canvas is stretchod
on a stretcher After the canvas is so stretched the picture is clearly shewn thereon
and must be painted with transparent albumen colors mixed with water or &
water medium, coarse touches of body color being freely used to add to the ; illusion
When the picture so painted is dry a coat of varnish can be applied to the whole
surface of the picture which will then be ready for framing.
The novelty consists in
1. The preparation of the surface of the photograph print or drawing so as to
admit of the canvas shewing through it
2. The pressing or rolling of the canvas upon the prepared photograph print or
picture so that the canvas shall be seen through the same
3 The painting in transparent albuminous colors in water which produce upon
the canvas so prepared as aforesaid the resemblance of oil paintings
IMPROVEMENTS IN EMBROIDERING FRAMES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO CURTAIN STRETCHING APPARATUS AND FRAMES FOR OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES.
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Alfred Brabner at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd August 1883.
WILLIAM ALFRED BRABNER trading as Thomas Brown & Son of Manchester in
the County of Lancaster, Church Furnishers "IMPROVEMENTS IN EMBROIDERING
FRAMES, ALSO APPLICABLE TO CURTAIN STRETCHING APPARATUS AND FRAMES FOR
OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES.
"
The object of this invention is so to improve embroidering frames that the fabric
upon which the embroidery is to be effected can be secured thereto without
stitching as heretofore and whereby considerable saving of time is effected and a
neater and more compact apparatus constructed.
In carrying out my invention I construct the two ends of the frame-work with
grooves or slots running along them in the direction of the length-Into these slots
which have transverse holes at their extremities I insert the ends of the fabric and
by means of a bar provided with a series of needle points along its lower edge I
press the fabric into the slot until a pair of eyes projecting from the ends of this
bar come opposite to the transverse holes before mentioned
Through these holes I then pass the extremities of a pair of rods which thus
effectually secure the bars in position and act as sides to the frame-work.
To effect the stretching operation I insert a peg in one of a serios of holes formed
in the rods at one extremity and I then screw outwards a pair of wing-nuts
screwed upon the other extremities of the same rods and thus I am enabled to
forco the two ends of the framework asunder and to stretch the fabric between
them.
To prevent the bars rising out of the slots in the centre I prefer to employ a clip
which grasps the framework at this point.
Although only herein before described with reference to embroidering frames it
will be readily apparent that these improvements are equally applicable to curtain
stretching frames and frames for other analogous purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF INK
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Edward Bolton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd July 1883.
CHARLES EDWARD BOLTON, of 2. Park Row, Leeds, in the County of York,
Accountant. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF INK."
My invention relates to Improvements in the manufacture of ink, and has for
object the production of such ink as shall be applicable to the purpose of enabling
copies of letters and other documents to be taken therefrom, as well as being used
for general purposes of writing, and while at the same time it shall be durable,
shall not be liable to "smear," or overspread on the material upon which it is used,
with any unctuous matter during the act of copying, or when used for book-
keeping or other writing, by one page of written matter coming into contact with
another.
In the manufacture of the said improved ink, I use the following ingredients,
namely:-Sixteen ounces of crushed blue galls, eight ounces of sulphate of iron
(copperas), half an ounce of blue vitriol, two ounces of gum arabic, and half an
ounce of white ginger, broken, to which I add one gallon of Spring water, I
thoroughly mix the above, and agitate the same daily until ready for use.