Improvements in Linotype Machines.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Linotype Machines.
We, WILLIAM HENRY LOCK, Manager and Secretary of The Linotype Company,
Limited, of 188, Fleet Street, in the City of London, FRANK CUTTRISS DOLBY,
RICHARD CORNELIUS ELLIOTT, CHARLES HOLLIWELL, all of The Linotype Works,
Broadheath, in the County of Chester, Engineers, PHILIP CHARLES LAWLESS, of
188, Fleet Street, aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
invention, part of which is a communication to the said William Henry Lock,
aforesaid, by The Mergenthaler Linotype Company of Tribune Building, Nassau
Street, New York, U.S.A., to be as follows:
The present invention relates to improvements in linotype machines, more
particularly with the Mergenthaler linotype machine described in the Specifica-
tion of Letters Patent 14582 of 1890.
The first part of it consists in an improvement of the matrix magazine whereby
access to the row of mouths of the matrix grooves, is facilitated. According to
it the bottom transverse portion of the top plate of the magazine consists of a
row of flaps hinged along their top edges to the major and fixed portion of the
said magazine top. Each flap is provided with a suitable catch to hold it down
on its seat.
The second part of the invention relates to improvements in the returning
springs of the connecting rods of the matrix escapements, and the object of it
is to prevent the reciprocating vertical motion of the rods pulling the top ends
of the springs which are connected to the said rods by hooks passed through them
laterally, between them. The improved spring is shorter than heretofore and
the top end of it is connected to the rod, by a hook which projects from the front
of the latter, whereby the whole length of the springs stand in front of the rank
of connecting rods.
"
The object of the third part of the invention is the composition by the depres-
sion of one special single key lever, of all the matrices for a given syllable or
short word, and more especially of their release in proper sequence, so that for
instance, it shall always be the" and not "het" or "eht or any other possible
order of the letters. Each syllable is represented on the key board by a special
key lever which operates a comb the teeth of which are distanced from each
other so as to stand over and depress levers which will actuate the present con-
necting rods of the matrix escapements. Thus the special disc for "the," works
a three toothed comb, whose teeth will release the proper matrices "t" "h" " e.
The provision for these matrices being released in proper order consists in the
teeth being of different length so that they engage the connecting rods of the
respective matrix escapements in the proper order. The levers which the combs
depress are pliant to compensate for the different distances that the teeth move
downwards.
The fourth part of the invention relates to improvements in the founts of dup-
lex character and in the mechanism for selecting the particular fount, and
more particularly for introducing small cap. matrices into the line. There

page_text: are only 26 of the latter-not upper and lower cases as there are in italics,―so
they are distributed on the key board amongst the key levers for the fractions,
figures and stops, the corresponding matrices having two cavities to match. Ali
the other matrices are double punched, that is, each one has its character or forma-
tive cavity in duplicate in the same fount. There is a pivoted stop in the head
of the transporter which the operator trips at the moment when it starts towards
the mould wheel, the effect being that the descent of the transporter is stopped
by the engagement of the said stop with the vice head, thereby providing for the
cast being taken from the bottom row of cavities in the composed line. Thus:-
if the top row of cavities is "This is 5/8 1598 the celebrated," the bottom row
will be This is DRAGON the celebrated." As soon as the composed line is
in the transporter head, the operator trips the pivoted stop, so that the bottom
row of cavities will be presented to the mould and cast from.
"
The fifth part of the invention relates to a device for reducing the length
of the mould to half or other measure. It consists of an abutment pivoted to
the sliding block in the vice. It is of half measure length if the reduction is
to be to half measure length, and is pivotted to the vice frame so that it can be
swung down behind the movable jaw and act as an abutment to it.
The sixth part of the invention relates to moulds for casting cored linotypes
and late news linotypes such as must have either ends or feet cored or undercut,
as well as being of only about half the usual depth from printing edge to foot.
For shallow linotypes, the mould is divided vertically and the rear portion set
so far out of register with the front portion, that there is only a narrow slit con-
necting them lengthwise, so that the two portions of the linotype will be in
echelon, so to speak, and connected by a weak web. The rear portion of the
mould is movable in a suitable recess, so that its motion to make the two portions
of the mould cavity register, breaks the web and holds the two halves of the
linotype in the path of the ejector. The movable portion of the mould carries,
if desired, a core-print for coring out the foot of the linotype, that print work-
ing in a suitable recess in the front portion of the mould. The necessary to and
fro motion is communicated to the said movable portion in one direction by a
spring working against a fixed abutment on the mould wheel or its equivalent,
and in the other by the engagement of a suitable prolongation of the movable
portion with a suitable part of the main frame, the contacting surfaces of the
said prolongation and part being suitably formed to provide the desired result.
End cores, if they are required, are worked from the same prolongation by bell
crank levers having their fulera in fixed points on the mould wheel above men-
tioned and their ends pivotted respectively on the said prolongation and to rods
carrying the said cores. The to and fro motion above mentioned may be com-
municated to the movable portion as follows. Opposite the selected suitable
part of the main frame, a piece is pivotted on the prolongation having its outer
end tapered and shouldered to make its contact with the said part effective. Its
opposite end is pivotted on the prolongation. As the outer end engages the
said suitable part, the prolongation is forced back against the spring by the
slide of the incline over the said part and the engagement of the latter with the
shouldered end. The latter is pushed back against a returning. spring.
End cores may be moved endwise by springs to keep them in their operative
positions in the moulds and by the engagement of suitably shaped fixed pieces
with suitably shaped outward prolongations of the cores; or by means of cranked
levers or links pivotted to the movable portion and actuated by its motion to
break the thin web between the two portions of the linotype. The opposite
ends of the said links are connected to the cores. The necessity of cranking the
former is due to the presence of the sides of the mould cavity, the integrity of
which may not be interfered with or the mould would be spoilt for producing
linotypes. The cranking allows of the connections between the movable por-
tion and the end cores being outside the actual cavity in which the linotypes are
cast.

page_text: The seventh part relates to improvements in the casting mechanism. When
the metal pot is in its rear position, it presses heavily upon its cam, so that it
starts forward reluctantly as it were. There is now a leg connected to the pot
and which rests upon a vertical spring. The latter takes the weight of the pot
so that the cam lias only to push it forward. Further, experience in casting
linotypes shews that the presence of air in the mould honeycombs the linotype;.
that metal will not flow far after it leaves the pot mouthpiece, because it gets
chilled, and shuts in some of the air as it gets chilled, and that the air cannot
be driven as a mass before the injected metal. It is now proposed to effect the
complete expulsion of the air from the mould, by the act of injecting the metal
in jets and ordinally. The present pump delivers the metal into a second pot
close to it but at a higher level to secure a constant level of metal. One and the
same mechanism drives the plungers of both pots. The present mouthpiece is
replaced by one having an internal longitudinal chamber. Each port through
the face of the mouthpiece is held closed by a jobber. These jobbers are moved
clear of their respective ports by a spiral ridge on a roller, which ridge engages
them to open them in regular order, beginning at one end of the mouthpiece.
The first delivery of metal into the mould is, therefore, close to one end of it,
the second close to the first, and so on, the second delivery uniting with the first,
while the air is pushed as a whole towards and through the vertical air ports
hitherto present in the front face of the metal pot mouth piece. After the last
jobber has closed the last port from the mouthpiece to the mould, the second pump
has still some distance to travel before it gets to the bottom of its stroke. It
then sends a flush of metal from its pot through the mouthpiece and out through
a port at the other end back into the same pot.
The eighth part of the invention relates to improvement in the wiper that
wipes the pair of trimming knives. That device is worked by the transporter,
and as the travel of the latter is always at least as long as the longest mould,
the improved wiper will always wipe the longest knives. Further, its actuating
mechanism is out of the operator's way. The transporter lever carries a project-
ing rod which engages a finger on the end of the wiper rod and pulls the wiper
down. The wiper rod is drawn down as far as it will go, by the time that the
transporter lever has reached the bottom of its stroke. The projecting rod travels
some distance after leaving the finger on its return, before it engages the wiper
rod to push it up.. As the motion of the said projecting rod is arcual and it
is undesirable that it should rub over the wiper rod, the bottom end of the latter
is pivotted upon the major portion and the finger is hooked, so that the pivotted
portion will swing through the are that the lever end takes without leaving the
hook. It is pulled back by a spring.
The ninth part of the invention relates to improved mechanism for making a
machine duplicate its production from one composed line of matrices and space-
bars, e.g., to feed two printing machines working on an urgent pamphlet job.
Under ordinary circumstances, a linotype machine can present the mould and
cast, many more times in an hour than the operator can get his lines ready to
be sent away to the transporter. Accordingly, one of the cams that makes one
revolution for each linotype cast, is fitted with a stud upon its periphery, which
engages a toothed wheel and makes it throw a stop in the way of the pair of
levers that work the matrix and space bar separator. At the next revolution
of the stud it engages a second tooth on the same wheel and removes the stop
above mentioned. The toothed wheel can be moved out of action and into action
for the purpose of the invention as may be required. There is a special auto-
matic device for preventing the casting and ejecting mechanism being stopped
at the end of alternate revolutions of the cam above mentioned, which device
throws itself out of action at the proper time.
101
1
T1000
CHAS. S. WOODROFFE,
Agent for the Applicants.

page_text: Improvements in Linotype Machines.
We, WILLIAM HENRY LOCK, Manager and Secretary of The Linotype Company,
Limited, of 188, Fleet Street, in the City of London, FRANK CUTTRISS DOLBY,
RICHARD CORNELIUS ELLIOTT, CHARLES HOLLIWELL, all of The Linotype Works,
Broadheath, in the County of Chester, Engineers, and PHILIP CHARLES LAWLESS,
of 18S, Fleet Street, aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to improvements in linotype machines, more
particularly with the Mergenthaler linotype machine described in the Specifi-
cation of Letters Patent 14582 of 1890, although several of the parts may be
applied to other machines.
Referring to the accompanying drawings, which are to be taken as part of
this specification and read therewith,
Figure 1 is a plan; Figure 2, a transverse section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1;
Figure 3, a side elevation from the right side of Figure 1, and Figure 4, a front
elevation of Figure 1, all illustrating the first part of the invention:
Figure 5 is a sectional side elevation on the line 5-5 of Figure 6; Figure 6,
a part plan corresponding with Figure 5; Figure 7, a rear elevation from the
left of Figures 5 and 6; Figure S, a detail rear elevation of one comb, the res-
pective key lever and the connecting rod ends; Figure 9, a sectional side eleva-
tion on the line 9-9 of Figure 10; Figure 10, a part plan corresponding with
Figure 9; and Figure 11, a transverse sectional elevation on the line 11, 11
of Figures 9 and 10, all illustrating the second part of the invention:
Figure 12 is a rear elevation of a line of improved matrices shewing their
casting faces; Figure 13, an end elevation from the left of Figure 12: Figure 14.
a side elevation of the mould and transporter; Figure 15, a front elevation of
the said transporter; Figure 16, a perspective view of the pivotted stop; and
Figure 17, a plan of the modified key board, all illustrating the third part of
the invention:
Figure 18 is a rear elevation illustrating the fourth and seventh parts of the
invention:
Figure 19 is a front elevation of a bipartite mould block for a narrow lino-
type and its sprue, and the adjacent portion of the mould wheel of a Mergen-
thaler linotype machine: Figure 20, a longitudinal section on the line 20 -20
of Figure 19, including the wedge for making the slot in the back mould block
register with that in the front one; Figure 21, a detail longitudinal section
on an enlarged scale, of the sprue and linotype slots in the respective positions
illustrated in Figures 20, 34, and 40, including the respective portions of the
said sprue and linotype; Figure 22, a longitudinal section as Figure 20, but
shewing the effect of the wedge piece and including the ejector; Figure 23, a
side elevation from the right hand of the wedge piece: Figure 24, a vertical
section on the line 24-24 of Figure 19, from the right: Figure 25, a vertical
section on the same line as Figure 24, but from the left: Figure 26, a rear view
of the cap plates of the front and back mould blocks; Figure 27, a front eleva-
tion of a step for locking the bipartite mould block: Figure 28, a side eleva-
tion of Figure 27, from the right; Figure 29, an inverted plan of one core piece:
Figure 80, a side elevation from the right of Figure 29: Figure 31, an inverted
plan of the other core piece; Figure 32, a plan of Figure 29 and an inverted
plan of Figure 31; Figure 33, a front elevation of part of the mould wheel of

page_text: a Mergenthaler linotype machine at the end of its longest arcual motion and
having a bipartite mould block fitted with a modified means for operating the
end cole pieces; Figure 34, a longitudinal section on the line 34-34 of Figure 33;
Figure 35, a longitudinal section on the line 35-35 of Figure 33: Figure 36,
a longitudinal section on the line 36-36 of Figure 37, shewing the two slots
of the mould blocks registering with each other; Figure 37, an elevation of an
improved mould detached and shewing the two slots of the mould blocks regis-
tering with each other; Figure 38, a section on the line 38-38 of Figure 37
from the left; Figure 39, a front elevation of a bipartite mould block adapted
to cast linotypes having their feet cored; Figure 40, a longitudinal section taken
on the line 40-40 of Figures 39, 41, 45 and 46, and including the adjacent
portion of the above mentioned mould wheel: Figure 41, a longitudinal section
on the same line as Figure 40, but after the two slots have been put in register
with each other; Figure 42, a front elevation of the back mould block Figure 43,
a rear elevation of the front mould block; Figure 44, a side elevation from the
right hand on the line 44--14 of Figure 39; Figure 45, a side elevation from
the left hand on the line 44-44 of Figure 39; Figure 46, a rear elevation of
the two cap plates of Figures 39 to 45 Figure 47, a side elevation of the lino-
type and sprue cast in the bipartite mould illustrated in Figures 39 to 46: and,
Figures 48 and 49, sections on the lines 48-48 and 49--49 respectively, of
Figure 47, all illustrating the fifth part of the invention :
Figure 50 is a side elevation; Figure 51, a side elevation of a double metal pot,
single pump and the successive jet delivery mechanism: Figure 52, a section
on the line 52-52 of Figures 53 and 54, including the pot cam: Figure 53, a
front elevation; Figure 54, a plan of Figure 53 after part of the top of the mouth
piece has been broken away; and Figure 55, a detail illustrating the pawls, all
illustrating the sixth part of the invention:
Figure 56 is a side elevation, partly in section, illustrating the seventh part
of the invention:
Figure 57 is a plan looking at the machine from the right hand: Figure 58,
a sectional elevation on the line 58-58 of Figure 57, looking from the left
hand of the machine; Figure 59, a sectional elevation from the right hand side
of the machine, on the line 59-59 of Figure 60: Figure 60, a rear elevation;
and Figure 61, a development of the cam boss and cam surfaces for preventing
the stoppage of the casting and ejecting mechanism, all illustrating the eighth
part of the invention.
The first part of the invention is illustrated in Figures 1 to 4. It consists in
an improvement of the matrix magazine whereby access to the mouth thereof
is facilitated. This magazine consists of a pair of parallel plates b, b, held at
a given distance apart from and fast to each other, and having grooves ² in
their opposite faces, the grooves in one plate standing opposite those in the
other, respectively, thereby constituting guides down which the matrices can
slide. The magazine stands in an oblique position, the front of it lower than
the back and the sloping guides deliver into vertical channels. These channels
are not included in the figures. The matrices occasionally jam at the junction
of the guides with the said channels. The above mentioned improvement places
it within the power of the operator to instantaneously expose the jam and to
remove or set straight the jamming and jammed matrices. Accordingly the
bottom or front transverse portion of the top plate, consists of a
flaps, 1, 1, 1, hinged along their top or rear edges to the major and fixed portion
of the said top plate. The hinges in question consist, preferably, of brackets 2, 2,
fast to the flaps 1, and pivotting upon a transverse rod 3, carried in standards 4, 4,
standing up from a transverse plate fast on the plate bl. 6, 6, are pins passed
through the ends of the rod 3 outside of the standards 4, 4 and 7, 7 are collars
fast on the said rod close up to some of the sockets 11 of the brackets 2, by which
they embrace the said rod. There may be any number of flaps 1, each one cap-
able of turning more or less independently of the others upon the rod 3 to expose
row of

page_text: the matrices and the portions of their paths beneath it. The outer flaps rest
upon the sides 8 of the magazine, while the intermediate ones have bevilled edges
to rest upon the correspondingly bevilled edges of the respectively adjacent
flaps. Each flap is provided with one or more spring fingers 9 pivotted on a
stud 10 screwed into the plate and adapted to bear upon the respective flap as
shewn to keep it closed. The sockets 11 of the brackets 2 fit the rod 3 somewhat
tightly so that the flaps I shall not turn on the latter too easily. 12, 12, are
rubber buffers on the rod 3 to serve as rests for the well known glass front of
the above mentioned matrix channels, when that front is turned upwards and
backwards over the magazine. These buffers, it is to be noted, form no part of
the present invention. The grooves 2 are preferably not continued across the
flaps 1.
The second part of the invention is illustrated in Figures 5 to 11. It relates
to improvements in composing machines and consists in means by which the
actuation of a single key lever shall effect the composition of all the types, type
dies or matrices or whatever the machine in question may work with, for a given
syllable or short word, and in their proper order, too, so that for instance the
actuation of the "the" key lever, shall always produce the and not het"
or 'cht."
"
"
"
66
"
66
In carrying it into effect, each syllable or short word is represented on the
key board of the machine, by a special key lever adapted to actuate a comb
having as many teeth as there are letters in the respective syllable or short word,
those teeth standing at the proper distance from each other to actuate the res-
pective escapements that release or deliver or actuate the type, type dies or mat-
rices. Thus, the special key lever marked "the" actuates a comb having three
teeth which latter actuate the "t" "h" and e escapements. Now it is the
common practice to align all the escapements, or the ends of the connecting
rods thereto, with each other. It is evident, therefore, that some special means
are necessary for making the comb actuate the respective escapements in the
order of the letters in the syllable or short word. These means consist in the
teeth of a comb differing in length, the tooth for the first letter escapement
being the longest, and that for the last letter escapement being the shortest, the
lengths of the intermediate teeth being adjusted accordingly. The difference
in length between a longer tooth and the next shorter one, is as much as is neces-
sary to allow of the escapement actuated by the former to do its work of releasing
or delivering its type, type die or matrix, before the said shorter tooth actuates
its escapement.
6
37 66
33 66
Referring to Figures 5 to 8, A, A, are parts of the machine trame; D, D, some
of the key levers; d, their pivot rods; the frame of the key board ; d, the
keys of the key levers D; and E, the respective connecting rods of the series
to the respective escapements. All the foregoing parts are as heretofore and a
detailed description of the escapements and their connecting rods will be found
in the Specification of the above mentioned Letters Patent. Neither the order
of the key levers I) and connecting rods E, nor their cooperation, is affected by
the present invention. d, d, are the keys of the special key levers d, d
There are six illustrated for "the," and," "from,' con,' with," and "when,"
but there may be as many as may be required according to the language in which
the particular machine is made to compose. All the levers d28 are preferably
pivotted upon a rod fixed to the frame 24 parallel with the pivot rods d.
The rear end of each lever 28 carries a comb which is made fast to it. Two of
these are illustrated, one for the "t," "h," and "e" connecting rods, and the
other for the "a," "n" and "d" connecting rods. A description of them will
serve as a description of all the combs. do is the body plate of a comb. All
the combs in a machine stand in suitable positions for their teeth to reach the
respective connecting rods. The teeth must be immediately under the bottom
ends of the said rods as illustrated or under equivalent offsets therefrom. Either
the said rod ends are wide enough for the purpose, as indicated in Figure 5, or

page_text: the teeth may be cranked if necessary to reach the respective rod ends or the
rods may carry offsets as above mentioned. Referring to the "the" comb shewn
in rear elevation in Figures 7 and 8, the tooth d to actuate the "t" connect-
ing rod of the series E is the longest for the reason already explained. It stands
normally in contact with its connecting rod. The tooth d to actuate the "h"
connecting rod is the next longest one, and is not normally in contact with its
connecting rod; and so with the third or "e" tooth 3. As the "h" rod is
some distance away from the others, the bottom of the plate d of the respective
comb is preferably cut away, as shewn at d, leaving an outstanding arm d³ to
carry the tooth d32. So with the "and comb, as far as regards the respective
lengths of its teeth-d36 for the "a" rod, d for the "n rod and dis for the
"d" rod. The plate 30 of the respective comb is shewn as cut away in two
places at and 40-leaving outstanding arms 1 and 2 to carry the teeth
and d38. The "t," "h," "e," ," "n," and "d" rods E are marked with the
respective characters in Figures 7 and 8, to make the foregoing description of
the relationship between them and the respective comb teeth quite clear.
79 86
66
"
According to the modification illustrated in Figures 9 to 11, the special key
levers 28 are dispensed with and the combs are carried on the ends of stems ³
depending vertically from the special keys 27. These stems work in suit-
able guides in a portion of the key board, which is thickened to make
the guides long enough for their purpose, as shewn in Figures 9 and 11. There
is a returning spring 46 1ound each stem 3, between its key and the por-
tion (45 The teeth of the combs bear directly upon the ordinary key levers D
in front of their pivots d.
The details of two combs are shewn in Figure 11,
those for the short word "from" and syllable con." 7 is the "f" tooth;
the "r" tooth; 9 the "o" tooth; and do the m " tooth. 51 is the
"
.. con
"c" tooth, and the "n" tooth. The tooth for the "o" in
does not
shew in the figure, because that for the "o" in "from" stands in front of it.
The change in the position of the combs and in the direction in which they work,
Further,
makes no difference in the relative lengths and positions of their teeth.
although the comb teeth are shewn as arranged to actuate the key levers D by
depressing their front portions, we may attain the same result by making them
depress the front ends of rocking levers the back ends of which raise the back
portions of the levers 1).
<<
The front portions of the levers are shewn in Figures 9 and 11 as much
smaller than the back portions, to indicate that the front portions may, if
required, be pliant to some extent, but no importance is attached to this all
the levers D may advantageously be as heretofore.
The third part of the invention is illustrated in Figures 12 to 17. It relates
to improvements in linotype machines, whereby the fount of character presented
to the reproducing part of the machine may be automatically changed from a
normal to a variant one. The Specification of the Letters Patent 14582 above
mentioned, describes a machine controlled from a key board, in which all the
matrices or type dies of the same character occupy a separate compartment in
the magazine and have a special key lever and selecting mechanism appropriated
to them. Thus, an alphabet of both upper and lower case characters in any
given fount requires fifty two compartments and key levers and selecting mech-
anisms, besides the like for figures, fractions and punctuation marks. The
Specification of Letters Patent 18886 of 1895, describes an improvement upon
the foregoing according to which each matrix or die of both upper and lower
case characters has in addition to the character in the normal fount--say Roman,
the same character repeated in a variant fount-say italic. There is no dupli-
cation of magazine compartments, key levers or selecting mechanisms, but a
manual device for making the desired matrices or dies present their variant
characters in line with the normal characters of the other matrices or dies iù
the line. This third part of the present invention consists in automatic means
by which the line containing the, or consisting of, characters of the variant

page_text: fount, shall be presented to the reproducing part of the machine. It also includes
automatic means by which the normal fount only shall be presented when there
are no characters of the variant fount in the line. It is specially applicable to
composing matter from a single word upwards in small capitals, but it can deal
with any variant fount. It may be explained at this point, that when a lino-
type machine works with matrices, it casts a linotype from them, and that when
it works from type dies, it makes them indent a stereotype flong. It is a matter
of indifference as far as this third part is concerned, whether matrices or type
dies are used, the invention itself being confined to the automatic means above
mentioned. The accompanying Figures 12 to 17 illustrate the application of
the said part to the machine described in the Specification of the above men-
tioned Patent 14582 of 1890. That machine makes linotypes by casting them
in a mould, part of which is its composed line of matrices. Consequently the
said figures include the said mould and the transporter; but it must be under-
stood that this third part of the invention is not limited to machines that work
with matrices because it is equally applicable to those that work with type dies.
The particular shape of the matrices apart from the way in which they are pro-
vided with the duplicate normal and the variant founts is outside the present
invention, as also is the particular mechanism by which the composed line is
moved up to and away from the casting or to the indenting mechanism, as the
case may be.
Referring to Figures 12 to 17, Y, Y, are the matrices; y', y', their suspending
and justifying shoulders and y³, y³, the normal character cavities. These are
shewn as in upper and lower case Roman. The matrices are shewn with only
one normal fount, but they may carry characters of more founts than one.
A, A, are fixed parts of the machine frame. O is part of the mould wheel;
o3, the mould block fast to it; and o, the mould cavity in it for the body of the
linotype. The mould for the printing characters on its edge, is provided by the
character cavities in the matrices Y. P is an abutment. N is the head of the
transporter that holds the matrices; N, the frame or body of it, and N³, N³, are
guides in which it moves. The composed line of matrices and spaces is delivered
into the head N between its arms №2 and N³, from which they hang by their
top shoulders y¹, y. At the time they are so delivered, the transporter head N
occupies a position intermediate of the two illustrated in Figure 3 by the full
lines and the dot and dash lines respectively. The frame N then moves down
in the guides N3, N³, until it presents the line of character cavities to be cast
from, in front of the mould cavity o, the bottom of the head №1 resting on the
abutment P. This is the casting position. After the linotype has been cast,
the head N¹ is moved up into the position illustrated by the full lines in Figure 14.
All the above is as heretofore and the details of it will be found fully specified
in the specifications of the two patents above referred to.
The variant fount is distributed amongst the figure and other matrices of the
normal fount, as indicated in Figures 12 and 17. When the said variant fount
is in small capitals, only 26 of the said figure and punctuation matrices are
used. For the reason that the head N moves downwards to the casting posi-
tion, the character cavities for the said fount stand in the matrices Y below the
normal cavities y³ as illustrated at 88 in Figure 12. In linotype machines in
which the motion of the matrices to the casting position is in a different direction,
the position of the variant fount with respect to the normal one is varied accord-
ingly. All the other matrices have their normal fount cavities y³, repeated to
align with the cavities y, producing the duplicate cavities y. If no characters
of the variant fount are in the line to be cast from, the cavities y³ would be
presented to the mould cavity o, as heretofore, but when there are such cavi-
ties y88 to be cast, then the line of cavities y88 and 7" is presented.
The key levers D that control the normal fount matrices are marked as here-
tofore;
but the key levers 1) that control the matrices carrying the cavities yes
of the variant fount are marked with the characters of the matrices of the said

page_text: fount respectively. The means by which the machine automatically compels
the composed line of matrices Y to present the cavities and to the mould
cavity o, consists of a stop y fast on a rod y turning somewhat tightly in a
bearing in the head N. This rod y projects beyond the side of the said head
next to the operator, where it carries a half crank y and a handle y. So long
as the cavities 88, 89, are not to be cast from, the stop y remains swung up out
of the way against a pin y as shewn at the top of Figure 3. There is a suitable
recess in the head N, to permit of the stop y being so swung up.
It has already been explained that the bottom face of the head has hitherto
been down upon the abutment P, when the respective parts were in the casting
position. The projection beyond the head № of which the stop ys is capable,
is therefore exactly equal to the distance between the line of cavities and the
line 88, 89, measuring from centre to centre of each. The stop y is auto-
matically rendered inoperative by the following means. 6 is a plate fast to
the frame A at the extreme end of the path of the head № and opposite to the
abutment P. 97 is an incline on its bottom edge opposite to the handle y3.
"
The action of this third part of the invention is as follows. So long as the
operator is composing in the normal fount y³, i.e., with the key levers D, he
leaves the automatic means above described alone. When he comes to a portion
of his copy which is to appear in the variant fount he composes with the key
levers D. For instance, referring to Figure 12, the first two words of the line
This is are in the normal fount, and are composed with the respective key
levers D. But the third word "DRAGON" is in the variant fount and is com-
posed with the key levers D¹ respectively marked :D, GR, LA, 56, 90, and GN.
The last two words "the celebrated * are composed with the respective key
levers 1. Assuming that this completes the line, it is transferred to the trans-
porter head N in the usual way and the operator turns the handle y so as to
project the stop y beyond the said head N₁. The latter is then moved towards
the mould cavity as heretofore. The contact of the said stop y98 with the
abutment P stops it when the line of cavities y88 and 8, is opposite the said
cavity and the linotype is cast from them, the process of casting being as hereto-
fore. It is true that the normal travel of the head N¹ would bring it down upon
the abutment P as already explained, but there is a spring 63-see Figure 56--
between the transporter N and the lever 62 that works it, which spring permits
of the said transporter being stopped short of the abutment P without injury.
The stop is automatically rendered inoperative by the engagement of its
handle y with the incline y and the bottom horizontal edge both of the plate y
when the head N¹ reaches the opposite end of its travel, which engagement
swings the stop y98 into the recess 3. The illustrated position of the plate y™
is the most convenient one in the Mergenthaler linotype machine, but it may
be varied to any extent so long as its capacity for automatically rendering the
stop inoperative is retained.
The fourth part of the invention relates to a device for reducing the work-
ing length of the mould to half or other measure. It is illustrated in Figure 18,
which is a rear elevation of the vice in which the composed line of matrices is
held, the mechanism for actuating the moveable jaw of the said vice, and the
vice frame that carries the said parts. Further details thereof will be found in
the above mentioned Specification 14582 and in that of Letters Patent 8228 of
1898. P is the vice frame: the fixed vice jaw: /, the moveable one: P, a
block along which it can slide to and from the jaw, a backing up block
always in touch with the said jaw to hold it in its working position; and
a vice screw engaging in a screw threaded hole in the said block to adjust its
position. The above mentioned parts are as heretofore. According to this fourth
part of the invention, there is an abutment 13 pivotted upon the block so as
to stand up therefrom as indicated by the full line when it is not wanted, and
to lie down thereon horizontally as shewn by the dot and dash line when it is
to be in work. Consequently, when it is in the working position, it is its nose

page_text: and not the block 265 that will be backing up the jaw p¹. The length of the
abutment 13 is adjusted so that it will, when it is down on the block p³, project
past the latter towards the vice jaws, for a distance equal to the desired reduction
in the working length of the mould.
The fifth part of the invention is illustrated in Figures 19 to 49. It relates
to improvements in the mould blocks of linotype machines and the object ot it
is to provide a mould block in which can be cast at will either a late news lino-
type or an uncored type-height linotype. A late news linotype differs from an
uncored type height one, either by being narrower when it is to be used with a
stereotype plate, or in having a dovetail or similar notch in its foot, or in having
one or both ends tapered or notched, or in being notched or tapered and narrow
as well, or in being tapered on the sides and notched along one of them.
Automatic means for casting such linotypes have already been proposed and
the object of this fifth part of the present invention is to provide certain improved
automatic means which are hereinafter specified and claimed. To that end, it
consists principally in the mould block being bipartite, the resulting two blocks
-hereinafter separately referred to as the front mould block and the back mould
block meeting along a plane at right angles with the above mentioned width
and parallel with the length of the slot, one of them for the narrow linotype and
the other for the sprue. The advantages of this bipartite mould block are first,
that there is a complete mould block for the narrow linotype and a complete
one for the sprue, each block holding its contents immovable within it and in-
capable of any motion therein independent of it other than that of ejection;
and, second, that the bipartite mould block may. be locked so that the slot in
one block registers with the slot in the other block, whereby the bipartite mould
block is set to cast an uncored type height linotype.
The accompanying Figures 19 to 49 besides illustrating this part of the inven-
tion, illustrate the application of it to the Mergenthaler linotype machine des-
cribed in the Specification of Letters Patent 14582 above mentioned, but it must
be pointed out that there is nothing in the invention itself which restricts it
to that machine. Referring to them, O is the mould wheel; *, the mould wheel
slide; o, the gear teeth on the periphery of the wheel 0, to be engaged by a
pinion to rotate the wheel; 036, the recess in the mould wheel to receive the rear-
wardly projecting portion of the back mould block; and 04, the ejector. The
means for moving the wheel O and the ejector are not included in the draw-
ings because they do not form any part of the present invention. The parts
just described are as heretofore.
The front mould block and the back mould block are each of the same general
construction as the four piece mould block at present in use on the Mergenthaler
linotype machine. Thus, 1 is the cap plate: 2, the bottom plate; 3, 3, the off-
sets or end liners; the four pieces being held together by screws 4, 4, and together
constituting the front mould block. 5 is the slot in it in which the narrow lino-
type 19 will be cast. 6, 6, are the screws holding the front mould block to the
front of the mould wheel () by being passed through the bottom plate 2 as in
previous Mergenthaler mould blocks. So for the back mould block, 7 is the cap
plate; 8, the bottom plate; and 9, 9, the offsets or end liners, the four pieces
being held together by screws 10, 10. 11 is the slot between the said four pieces
for the sprue 20 of the narrow linotype to be cast in. The back mould block
stands between the said front mould block and the wheel 0, or its equivalent,
in contact with both, as shewn, and it must be able to slide to and fro over the
front mould block for a distance nearly equal to the thickness of the slot 5 or 11,
in the direction of that thickness; that is from the position illustrated in
Figures 20, 21, 34 and 10, to that illustrated in Figures 22, 36 and 41 In the
latter position, the two slots and 11, register with each other exactly in the
former they are nearly but not quite in echelon to make room for the passage of
the metal trom the slot 11 into the slot, so that when both have been filled
with metal, the linotype 19 and sprue 20 are connected by a web 21. The back

page_text: mould block is guided in its to and fro motion by the engagement of a forwardly
projecting piece 14 fast on the front face of the plate 8, in a corresponding
recess 15 in the bottom plate 2, as shewn in Figures 19, 20, 22, 33, 36, 42 and 43.
12, 12, are dovetailed tenons fast to the back face of the cap plate 1 and engaging
in corresponding mortices 13, 13, in the cap plate 7, as shewn in Figures 20, 22
and 25, to prevent the back mould block being pulled away from the front one
by the metal pot mouth piece when the latter and the back mould block are
separated. 27 is a slot in the bottom plate 2, aligned with the direction of the
motion of the back mould block. 28 is a headed screw having its shank passed
through the slot 27 and screwed into the bottom plate 8. This screw is useful
for holding the two mould blocks together when they are not fixed to the mould
wheel or its equivalent, and may also serve to adjust the fit between the two
blocks. 16 is a spring in a recess or seating 16 in the two mould blocks, front
and back, and resilient between them, its respective ends engaging therewith,
respectively, in the way clearly shewn in Figures 20, 22, 34, 36, 40 and 41, the
left hand end of it bearing against the adjoining side of the plate 2, and the
right hand end of it pushing on the plate 8. The work that this spring 16 has
to do is comparatively light, being only to move the back mould block from the
position shewn in Figures 22, 36 and 41, to the one shewn in Figures 20, 21,
34 or 40. The opposite motion of the back mould block requires more power,
because it has to sever the web 21 connecting the narrow linotype 5 in the slot 5
with the sprue 20 in the slot 11. A more powerful device than a spring is there-
fore provided. It is shewn as consisting of an incline 17 on the bottom plate S
and an independently supported wedge piece 18. The incline 17 and wedge
piece 18 engage with each other for the double purpose of severing the web above
mentioned and moving the said back mould block from the position shewn in
Figures 20, 22, 34 or 40, when its slot 11 is nearly in echelon with the slot 5,
to that shewn in Figures 22, 36 or 41, when the slots 5 and 11 register with
each other.
In a Mergenthaler machine, the wheel O is moved up towards a stationary
part known as the vice frame P, and back again, by a strong cam mechanism.
This fifth part of the invention utilises this motion for the purpose of moving
the back mould block and shearing the web 21, by fixing the said wedge piece 18
to the said frame P e.g., by a screw 18, in the position illustrated in Figures 20,
22, 36, 40 and 41, but it is obvious that the same result would be obtained in
any machine not moving its mould block support, by giving the wedge piece 18
an equivalent movement to the rear. The axis of the wheel O is-looking at
Figures 19, 33, 34, 35, 40 and 41,-some distance to the left of the mould blocks
and as the pressure exerted between the incline 17 and the wedge piece 18, is
more or less considerable during the shearing of the web 21, there is then a
tendency to force the wheel (and the mould blocks a little to the rear.
To pre-
vent that, the mould wheel slide o is adapted to be in touch with the back
mould block during the shearing.
The nose 22 of the wedge piece 18 is preferably oblique as shewn in Figure 29
and by the dotted lines in Figure 20, in order that the severing action of the
back mould block on the web 21 may he gradual, commencing at one end and
finishing at the other, pari passu with the engagement of the wedge piece 18
and incline 17. 22 is a notch in the wedge piece 18 and extending into it from
its nose 22 for some distance, about intermediately of its sides, to enable that
portion of the wedge piece 18 which first engages with the incline 17 to spring
a little at that moment and to compensate for wear. A preferable position for
the said notch is shewn in Figure 40, where it is nearly parallel with the wedge
face, thereby fortifying that part of the wedge piece that bears against the plate 2.
A narrow linotype 19 is produced in the following way. Molten type metal
is injected into the slot 11 and through the space connecting that slot with the
slot 5 into the latter, such injection taking place when the two slots 5 and 11
stand in the position illustrated in Figures 20, 21, 34 and 40. When the lino-

page_text: type 19 and the sprue 20 have set, the engagement of the incline 17 and the
wedge piece 18 is brought about, and the web 21 which is at that moment hold-
ing the said linotype and sprue together, as shewn in Figure 21, is forthwith
severed by the motion of the back mould block. When that severance is finished
the two slots and 11 register with each other, as shewn in Figures 22, 36
and 41, so that the usual movement of the ejector can push both the lino-
type 19 and the sprue 20 out of the respective slots.
The locking of the bipartite mould block to set it to cast ordinary type height
linotypes, is effected by preventing the spring 16 expanding after the two slots
and 11 register with each other, the preventive device being a stop capable of
preventing the said back mould block being moved by the said spring. A suit-
able one is illustrated in Figures 27 and 28 but any other equivalent device
may be substituted for it and comes within the scope of the invention. 23 is
a C shaped piece adapted to embrace the frontward projection 24 on the bottom
plate 8 of the back mould block as shewn by the dotted lines in l'igure 41, with
its ends 25, 25, standing between the projection 24 and the bottom plate 2 of
the front mould block. 26 is a set screw to hold the piece 23 in its stopping
position by being screwed through the said piece up against the plate 8. But
a special stop is not necessary, for the purpose of one is attainable by the screw 28
being capable of being screwed into the plate 8 far enough to hold the plate 2
fast to it. Thus, when the back mould block is in the position shown in
Figures 22, 36 and 41, screwing the screw 28 up tight will lock the bipartite
mould block.
This fifth part of the invention includes improved mechanism for coring the
ends or the foot of a narrow linotype. For coring the ends, there is the combina-
tion next described at each end of the bipartite mould block. 29 is a pin-
Figure 25-transversely situated in the plate 7 as shewn. Both pins are pre-
ferably fast in the said plate. 30 is a cavity formed partly in the front and
partly in the back mould block, for a link 31 to work in. 32 is a core.
It is
the nose of a core piece 33 fitting in a chamber 34 which is a longitudinal con-
tinuation of the slot 5. The shape of the cores 32 forms no part of the present
invention. A core piece 33 is capable of a reciprocating motion lengthwise of
the respective chamber 34, but of only that motion. Each pin 29 projects into
a hole in the end of the link 31 opposite to it. 35 is a stud fast to the outer
end of a core piece 33 on the side next to a link 31, and projecting into a hole
in the end of a link 31 opposite to it. A stud 35 is outside a pin 29 as shewn in
Figures 19, 24, 25 and 26. The connections between a pin 29 and stud 35 and
the respective ends of a link 31 are pivotal. The said parts act as follows.
soon as the spring 16 is free to expand, it begins to move the back mould plate
over the front one, to put the slot 11 out of register with the slot 5. As the
pins 29 are fast to the plate i, they move with it and carry the respective ends
of the links 31 with them. The opposite ends of the said links cannot move in
the same direction because they are held to the respective core pieces by the
studs 35, and the said core pieces can move only along the respective cham-
bers 34. The two studs 35 are consequently pulled towards each other, which
makes them push the core pieces 33 before them and protrude the cores 32 into
the slot 5. The said cores are retracted by the engagement of the incline 17 and
the wedge piece 18, which engagement actuates the parts mentioned in the reverse
directions to those just described.
As
Figures 33 to 38 shew a modified means for protruding and retracting the
cores 32.
A pair of levers 42 working between the front mould block and the
mould wheel O is substituted for the links 31 just described. They are pivotted
on the screws 6 already described as shewn in Figure 35. Their ends 38 engage
in notches in the core pieces 33 as shewn best in Figure 38, while their opposite
ends 39 engage in slots 40 in the bottom plate 8. These ends 39 and slots 40
are curved away from each other as shewn in Figures 33 and 37. The expansion
of the spring 16 rocks the lever ends 39 away from each other to protrude the

page_text: cores 32 into the slot 5 as shewn in Figure 33, and the engagement of the in-
eline 17 and wedge piece 18, 1ocks the levers 42 in the opposite direction to
retract the said cores. Figures 37 and 38 shew them as retracted.
Figures 39 to 46 shew a bipartite mould block adapted to cast a narrow lino-
type cored in its foot, The figures shew the core as of a double V shape, but
the matter of shape of the core torms no part of the present invention and may
be varied as may be desired. Accordingly, there is a tenon 36 on the front face
of each of the plates 7 and 8 to fit in a corresponding mortise 41-see Figure 43-
in the back face of the front mould block, and moving therein as the back mould
block moves over the front one. The back mould block is moved over the front
one and the linotype 19 and the sprue 20 severed from each other in the way
already described. But the act of casting leaves the said linotype and sprue
in the respective positions shewn in Figures 47 to 49. The act of severing the
web 21 that holds the sprue 20 to the linotype 19, pushes the tenon 37 on the
said sprue into the mortice in the foot of the linotype 19, so that when the two
slots 11 and 5 register with each other, the linotype and sprue would appear,
in side elevation, like Figure 47. They are then ejected by the ejector (4 and
parted by any convenient means.
The sixth part of the invention is illustrated in Figures 50 to 55, and relates
to improvements in the casting mechanism of a linotype machine. It includes
means for easing the forward motion of the metal pot. Referring to Figure 50.
is the mould wheel carrying the mould block of having the mould cavity o
in which the linotypes are cast. V is the metal pot and its mouth. This latter
must be moved alternately up to and away from the back face of the mould
block o For that purpose it is pivotted by legs upon a rod 60 and is under
the control of a cam which acts on it to rock it forward through an anti-
friction roller carried by an arm 8 pivotted by its top end to the rear of the
pot V. But as the weight of the said pot is always to the rear of the pivot rod 60,
it presses heavily against the cam 6, so that its forward motion towards the
mould block o³ is a reluctant one, so to speak. According to this sixth part of
the invention, there is a cushioning and resilient spring 61 interposed between
the bottom end of the arm 58 and a part of the machine frame A standing under
it. This spring 61 is strong enough to support the weight of the pot V, so that
the cam has only to rock it forwards. Experience in casting linotypes shews
that metal will not flow far after it leaves the mouth piece of the metal pot
because it cools quickly; that as it cools, it shuts in air, whereby the linotypes
are honeycombed; and further that the present practice of injecting the metal
in jets simultaneously along the mould, prevents the metal driving the air in
a mass out of the mould, before it.
The single metal pot pump described in the above mentioned Specifica-
tion 14582 of 1890, delivers the metal into a second pot close to it but standing
at a higher level. It is in this second pot that the metal is maintained at a
practically constant level. The same mechanism that drives the present pump
drives that of the second pot. The present mouth piece is replaced by one hav-
ing an internal chamber. There are suitable ports for a circulation of metal from
the pump, through the chamber and said pot back into the said pump. Each
of the well known poits in the face of the mouth piece is normally held closed
by a jobber. These jobbers are moved clear of their respective ports, by a spiral
ridge on a roller, which ridge engages them to open them in regular order, begin-
ning at one end of the mouth piece. The first delivery of metal into the mould
is, therefore, close to one end of it, the second close to the first, and so on, the
second delivery uniting with the first, while the air is pushed as a whole towards
and through the vertical air vents hitherto present in the front face of the
mouthpiece. After the last jobber has closed the last port from the mouthpiece
to the mould, the second pump has still some distance to travel before it gets to
the bottom of its stroke. It then sends a flush of metal from its pot through
the mouth piece and out through a port at the other end back into the same pot.

page_text: Referring to Figures 51 to 55. V is the present single metal pot: ", its neck;
26, the pump cylinder of the pot V, its piston; the metal port from the
pot into the cylinder ; r, the piston rod;, a bell crank lever to which
the top of the rod is pivotted; 1, the fuleium of the lever
the portion
of the pot cam on the shaft a that keeps the piston at the top of its stroke;
and the drop in the periphery of the said pot cam that allows the spring 2
to give the said piston its working stroke. This spring is constantly in compres-
sion and bearing downwards upon the plate fast on the rod, the bottom end
of which rests in a cup 5 formed on the lever All the above mentioned
parts are as heretofore.
2 is the second metal pot open at top close to the metal pot V, and having
the mouth piece 23 made fast to it along the front, by the neck r. It stands at
a higher level than the pot V. Metal is pumped into it, instead of direct to
the mouth piece 53 as heretofore, by the piston up through a pipe 2ª which
enters the pot 2 at some distance from the bottom of the latter. 2b is a baffle
plate to deflect the incoming metal to the bottom of the pot 2. 3 is the pump
cylinder of the pot 2; 4, its piston and 5, the piston rod of the latter. The
capacity of the pot 2 below the delivery mouth of the pipe 2ª, is considerably
more than that of the working stroke of the piston 4. 6 is one of two bifurca-
tions of the lever 1 and has a fork 7 on the front end of it, which fork receives
the top of the rod 5. The latter is connected to the said fork 7 by a slot 8 in it
and a pin 9 passed through both fork and slot. The pin 9 is held in position
by the engagement of a detaining spring 10 in a notch in the end of the said
pin. A like device is shewn as holding the top of the piston rod to the lever 6.
11 is a pipe from the pump cylinder 3 delivering into one end of the chamber 12
in the mouth piece The pot 2, pipe 2, pump cylinder 3 and pipe 11 are
arranged close to each other, and to the pump cylinder within the pot V, so
as to be kept hot by the same furnace that heats the said cylinder . The
chamber 12 extends from one end of the said mouth piece to the other, and
is closed on all sides excepting where occur the junctions with it of the pipe 11,
of the outlet described further on, and of the metal ports 13 to the mould o.
14, 14, are a series of jobbers, one for each port 13. 15, 15, are a series of bell
crank levers fulerummed on a rod 16 carried by two lugs 17, 17, on the top of
the pot 2, and near the front of it so that the vettical arms of the said levers 15, 15,
hang down within the pot behind the front of it. The jobbers 14 are made
fast by their rear ends to the respective vertical arms of the levers 15 from which
each projects through a port 15 in the neck into the chamber 12, the noses
of the jobbers being of the proper diameter to plug the respective ports 13. The
horizontal arms of the levers 15 me heavy enough to normally keep the noses
of the jobbers plugging the ports 1, as shewn in Figure 52. 18 is a roller
carrying a spiral ridge 19 and is fixed on a shaft 20, turning in bearings in the
ends of the pot 2. 21 is a projection from each horizontal arm of a lever 15
and normally resting on the roller 18. All the projections 21 are arranged to
stang in a row parallel with the axis of the roller 18. The roller 18 must be
moved about its axis in either direction preferably in that indicated by the
arrows in Figures 51, 52 and 54, to carry the cam ridge 19 under all the pro-
jections, and be afterwards returned to its original position. Any mechanism
suitable for the purpose may be employed. The one illustrated consists of a
link 22 pendant from the front end of the bifurcation 23 of the lever 61; a
stud 24 fast on the metal pot V and engaging in a vertical slot 25 in the link 22
to guide it; a grooved pulley 26 fast on the end of the shaft 20 projecting through
the respective end of the pot 2 to receive it; a cord 27 fast to the said pulley
and wound round it over to the rear; a weight 28 fast on the free end of the
said cord; a second grooved pulley 29 likewise fast on the same end of the
shaft 20; a second cord 30 fast by its ends to the pulley 29 and to a pin 23' pro-
jecting trom the end of the bifurcation 23 so as to wind on the pulley 29 in the
opposite direction to that of the cord 27; a pawl 31, and a spring 32 holding it

page_text: "
up to a stop 33, all three on the said link; and a second pawl 34 pivotted on the
metal pot V. engaging a ratchet wheel 35 fast on the above mentioned end of
the shaft 20 and standing in the path of the pawl 31. 36 is the above mentioned
outlet from the chamber 12 through the neck r into the metal pot 2. This out-
let 36 is at the opposite end of the chamber 12 to that through which the
pipe 11 delivers. 37 is a port from the pot 2 just above the bottom of it, into
the pump cylinder 3 below the piston 4 to admit metal into the said cylinder.
The improvement, constructed as just described, acts as follows. Metal is deli-
vered through the pipe 2ª into the second pot 2, by each working stroke of the
piston 7, whence it flows through the port 37 into the pump cylinder 3 when-
ever the piston 4 is at the top of its stroke. The pin 9 engages the bottom of
the slot 8 and starts the piston 4 on its working stroke before the drop 38 is
opposite the lever 161. The working stroke of the said piston 4 fills the cham-
ber 12 with metal under more or less pressure and that metal finds all the
ports 13 plugged by the respective jobbers 14, but during that working stroke.
the pawl 1 trips the pawl 34 thereby releasing the shaft 20 and leaving it under
the control of the weight 28 which begins to move the spiral cam ridge 19 back-
wards past the projections 21, beginning with the one on the right hand looking
at the casting mechanism from the front. As the levers 15 are equidistant and
the pitch of the cam ridge 19 regular, the said projections 21 are tripped, i.e.,
engaged, raised and dropped ordinally or in regular order from right to left, the
time that a lever 15 remains raised and a port 13 unplugged, being propor-
tionate to the width of the ridge 19. The trip of each lever unplugs the res-
pective port 13, keeps it unplugged and plugs it again, so that the metal is forced
into the mould o in streams corresponding in order of injection with the trip-
pings of the levers 15. The first jet of metal to enter the mould will be bent
over to the left hand by the closed right hand end of the mould; the second
jet will run along by the side of the first and also bend over to the left, and so
on, each succeeding jet laving up to the preceding one before the latter can
spread laterally in the mould. The effect on the air in the mould is to drive it
towards the left and out through the usual and well known vertical air vents –
see Figures 53 and 54 in the front face 12 of the metal pot mouth piece 57
whereby none of it is shut in the linotype. The left hand jobber plugs its port 13
as the drop 38 comes opposite the rear end of the lever The drop of the said
end down the drop 38, completes the down stroke of both pistons and 4, causing
the latter to send a flush of metal along the pipe 11 and through the chamber 12
and the outlet 36 into the pot 2. As the link 22 is raised by the returning
lever, the cord 30 returns the cam ridge 19 to its normal position and the
pawl 34 re-engages with the ratchet wheel 35 to lock the said ridge in its normal
position. Further, there is a constant circulation of metal through the pot 2,
eylinder 3 and chamber 12, and as no more metal flows out of the pot 2 at each
up stroke of the piston 4 than the preceding down stroke of the latter expelled
from the said cylinder, the level of the metal in the said pot is maintained prae-
tically constant.
The seventh part of the invention is illustrated in Figures 18 and 56. It
relates to improvements in the mechanism for working the wiper of the Mer-
genthaler machine above mentioned, for wiping off the pair of knives by which
the sides of the linotypes are trimmed any fragments of metal which the act of
trimming may have left adhering to them. Nis the transporter. The func-
tion of this organ and its reciprocating motion with reference to the abutment P
have been already described. 62 is the lever that works the said transporter
and 63 is a cushioning spring between them. No, No, are the pair of trimming
knives, and 64 is the wiper. All the parts above mentioned are as heretofore.
According to this seventh part of the invention. it is the transporter N that
works the wiper. Consequently, as the travel of this transporter is longer than
the longest mould, the wiper 64 will always be capable of wiping the longest
knives; and further, the mechanism by which the transporter N works that

page_text: wiper, is out of the way of the operator, being behind the front of the machine
in the way shewn in the two Figures 18 and 56. 65 is a rod fast to the lever 62
and projecting from it to the left, looking from the front of the machine. 66 is
a rod fast to and depending from the wiper 64. 67, 68, are the guides for it.
69 is a weak spring on the front side of the rod 66, and 70, a stronger one on
the rear side of it, to regulate the pressure of the wiper 64 upon the knives No³, No
71 is a toe standing under and in contact with the rod 65. It is fast to the bottom
end of a piece 73 the upper end of which can slide up and down in a socket 74
which is pivotted by the horizontal pivot 72 to the bottom end of the rod 66.
75 is a spring made fast by its ends to the bottom end of the rod 66; and to the
piece 73, respectively. 76 is a lateral projection from the top of the piece 7
to engage the top of the socket 74, and 77 is a similar projection to prevent the
spring 75 pulling the piece 73 too far upwards through the socket 74. The
interposition of the socket 74 and the piece 73 sliding therein, between the toe 71
and the wiper rod 66, establishes a sliding connection between the transporter N
and the wiper 64, whereby the initial portions of both the downward and up-
ward motions of the transporter, become lost motion in the said socket. The
action of the improvement is as follows. As the lever 62 descends, the rod 65
pulls the piece 73 downwards against the pull of the spring 75, until the projec-
tion 76 engages the socket 74 and so transfers the downward motion of the
lever 62 to the wiper 64. The latter than begins its downward stroke over the
knives. The rod 65, toc 71, and piece 73 are in the position illustrated by the
dotted lines of Figure 56, when the wiper 64 is at the bottom of its stroke.
During the upward motion of the lever 12, the rod 65 comes up to the bottom
end of the wiper rod 66 which is there suitably shaped to receive the push of
the said rod, and makes the wiper 64 travel over the knives a second time to
wipe them. As the lever 62 rises, the spring 75 pulls the piece 73 and toe 7.1
up into their original position. 78 is a stop adjusted on the wiper rod 66 to
engage the guide 67 so as to prevent the wiper 64 being pushed by the rod 65
past the top ends of the knives N, N.
The eighth part of the invention is illustrated in Figures 57 to 61. It relates
to improvements in the casting mechanism of the Mergenthaler linotype machine
described in the above mentioned Specification of Letters Patent 14582 of 1890.
This machine can present to its mould and cast, many more times in an hour
than the operator can get his lines ready for the shifter to transfer to the yok
or transporter, and the object of the present invention is to make the said machine
capable of duplicating its production from one line of matrices and space bars,
in order that two printing machines may be kept supplied simultaneously with
linotypes of the same matter, so that such a job as a pamphlet that is wanted
in the shortest possible time, may be divided between two printing machines
and worked off in half the time that one of them could do it in. In the machine
above mentioned the operator puts each composed line of matrices and space
bars within the grasp of a shitter marked L, L¹. in the respective specification.
and which transfers it to a member known as a yoke or transporter N. The
latter moves down vertically and presents the line to the casting mechanism 0, etc
After the linotype has been cast, the transporter moves upwards vertically beyond
the level from which it started downwards, and stands still while a second line
shifter S draws the said line out of it. The transporter N then moves down-
wards to align itself with the first mentioned shifter L, L'. After the second
mentioned line shifter S has drawn the composed line out of the transporter N,
the distributor takes the matrices out of the lines and the space bar grabber u
draws the space bars into the space har magazine. None of the above parts
form any part of the present invention and, for that reason, they are not included
in the accompanying drawings.
This eighth part of the present invention consists in the combination with one of
the cams that makes one evolution for each linotype cast; of a projection thereon:
a toothed wheel with which the projection can engage; a stop on the said wheel

page_text: which the engagement of the said projection and toothed wheel will cause to
lock the second line shifter and space bar grabber in their idle position; and
an automatic device for unlocking them in time for them to act after the next
linotype has been cast.
Referring to the said Figures 57 to til, A, A, are parts of the machine frame;
a, the cam shaft; 9, an elbow lever fulcrummed on the frame A: ", a cam
keyed on the shaft and revolving in the direction indicated by the arrow;
, the lever that works the first mentioned line shifter: 13, the shaft on which
it is fulcrummed; 1, its actuating spring, . the lever that works the second
mentioned line shifter; 2, a rock shaft serving as its fulcrum; 3, an arm fast
to it; s, a connection from it to the lever to hold the latter to the lever s¹;
s", the fulcrum of the lever ss, the lever that works the space bar grabber;
$10, the spring that returns the two levers, 7; ", a continuation of the lever st
on the opposite side of the fulcrum : and 2, a cam fast on the shaft a to
actuate the levers s' and s by engaging an antifriction roller on the end of the
continuation 11. All the parts just described are substantially as described in
the last mentioned specification and are marked with the same reference letters
to facilitate identification of them.
1 is the above mentioned projection: It is made fast to the periphery of the
cam from which it projects radially. 2 is a toothed wheel capable of a slid-
ing motion along the shaft but incapable of turning independently of the
latter. This shaft is parallel with the shaft and turns in fixed bearings 4, 4,
5, 5, 5, 5 are stops symmetrically arranged on a hoss 6 fast on the shaft 3 and
having as many notches between them. S is a stud fast to the boss of the con-
tinuation and therefore moving or standing still with the fever st. The
wheel presents either a stop 5 or a notch 7 in the path of the stud 8. Each
of the stops is strong enough to stop the lever s¹, and each of the notches 7
large enough to let the stud 8 swing through it. 9 is a pin projecting for the
same distance from opposite sides of the shaft 3 and fast to it.
10 is a groove
in the left face of the wheel 2. It is long enough and wide enough to stand
over the pin 9 but shallow enough to prevent the wheel 2 sliding along the shaft
to the left far enough to carry it past the path of the projection 1. 11 is a
second groove in the same face of the wheel 2 but at right angles with the
groove 10.
It is deep enough for the wheel 2 to be moved along the shaft 3
far enough to carry it past the path of the projection 1. 12 is a spring on the
shaft 3, resilient between the right hand bearing 4 and the boss of the wheel 2
to keep the latter engaged with the stud 9. The engagement of the latter
in either of the grooves 10 or 11 locks the wheel to the shaft 3. 13, 18,
are equal and equidistant cam surfaces carried by a boss 14 fast on the
shaft 3. Reference to the above mentioned specification will shew that a linotype
is cast at each revolution of the cam shaft and that the latter is then auto-
matically stopped by the lever "The present invention therefore requires a
device by which it can automatically and alternately prevent that stoppage and
allow the lever a19 to effect it. This device consists of the following parts. 15 is
a wedge shaped projection fast on the lever a so positioned thereon as to stand
in the path of one of the cam surfaces 13. 16, 16, are notches, one following
each cam surface, to lock the lever by receiving the edge of the projection 15.
The invention acts as follows after the wheel 2 has been set with the shallow
groove 10 over the pin 9 by hand. As the projection 1 comes round, it engages
the particular tooth of the wheel 2 that is standing in its path at the moment,
and turns it about its axis for the distance of one tooth, thereby presenting a
stop 5 in the path that the stud 8 will take the next time the lever is rocked
When the transporter
The cam then proceeds on its revolution as heretofore.
reaches the top of its stroke, the line of matrices and space bars is not drawn out
of it, but is taken back by it and then to the casting mechanism as if it were
a fresh one from the first mentioned lineshifter. Fracture of any part of the
mechanism connected with the levers s¹, s, is prevented by the compensating

page_text: device heretofore present in it, so that a special one is not required by the pre-
sent invention. When the projection 1 locked the lever s¹, in the way just
described, it made the particular cam surface 13 that was then in contact with
the projection 15 rock the lever a. This contact begins between the middle
of the said cam surface and the edge of the projection, as shewn in Figure 60,
and continues until the lever a has been rocked far enough to the left to pre-
vent it acting at which moment the respective notch 16 stands opposite the
edge of the projection 15 and receives it, thereby locking the lever a" in its
inoperative position. The edge of the projection 15 is forced into the notch 16
by a spring not included in the drawings. As long as the lever a remains in
the position just described, it will fail to automatically stop the shaft a at the
end of the revolution of the latter, so that it will start on a second one, and dur-
ing that second revolution, the duplicate linotype will be cast. Each second
contact of the projection I with the wheel 2, will make the latter present a
notch in the path of the stud 8, so leaving the levers s¹, s, free to act nor-
mally, and will also make the shaft 3 disengage the cam notch 16 from the pro-
jection 15 which is immediately forced up to the next cam surface 13, thereby
allowing the lever a to swing back into its operative position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is:
-
1. The combination with the bottom or front transverse portion of the top
plate of a linotype magazine having matrices travelling through it, of a series
of hinged flaps adapted to give access to the terminal portions of the matrix
guides and devices fr holding the said flaps in their places, as set forth with
reference to the first part of the invention.
2. The combination with a composing mechanism, of a comb having the
lengths of its teeth proportioned to the order of the respective letters to be com-
posed by it; means for actuating it and means for communicating the move-
ments of the said teeth to the respective devices for releasing or delivering, or
presenting the type, type dies, matrices, or their equivalents, as set forth with
reference to the second part of the invention.
3. The combination with a composing mechanism, of combs having the lengths
of their respective teeth proportioned to the order of the respective letters to
be composed by them respectively; means for actuating them; and means for
communicating the movements of the said teeth to the respective devices for
releasing or delivering or presenting the type, type dies, matrices or their equi-
valents, as set forth with reference to the second part of the invention.
4. The combination of special key lever; toothed comb having the lengths of
its teeth proportioned to the order of the respective letters to be composed by
the respective key lever and means for communicating the movements of the
said teeth to the respective devices for releasing or delivering or presenting
the type, type dies, matrices or their equivalents, as set forth with reference to
the second part of the invention.
5. The combination with the ordinary composing mechanism of a machine
for composing type, type dies, matrices or their equivalents, by release, delivery
or actuation, of special key levers, and a toothed comb carried by each and having
the lengths of its teeth proportioned to the order of the respective letters to be
composed by the respective key lever, as set forth with reference to the second
part of the invention.
6. The combination with the ordinary composing mechanism of a machine
for composing type, type dies, matrices or their equivalents, by release, delivery
or actuation, of special key levers: toothed comb carried by each and having
the lengths of its teeth proportioned to the order of the respective letters to be
composed by the respective key lever; and means for communicating the move-
ments of the said teeth to the respective devices for releasing, or delivering or

page_text: presenting the type, type dies, matrices or their equivalents, as set forth with
reference to the second part of the invention.
7. The combination of a special key; toothed comb having the lengths of its
teeth proportioned to the order of the respective letters to be composed by the
said key, and the respective key lever of a mechanism for releasing or delivering
or presenting type, type dies, matrices or their equivalents, as set forth with
reference to the second part of the invention.
8. The combination with the ordinary composing mechanism of a machine for
composing type, type dies, matrices or their equivalents, by release, delivery or
actuation, of special keys and a toothed comb carried by each and having the
lengths of its teeth proportioned to the order of the respective letters to be com-
posed by the respective key, and the key levers of the said mechanism, as set
forth with reference to the second part of the invention.
9. The improvement in linotype machines whereby the fount of characters
presented to the reproducing part of the machine, may be automatically changed
from the normal to a variant one, as set forth with reference to the third part
of the invention.
10. A fount of matrices or type dies having their letter characters in dupli-
cate, the other matrices or type dies of the fount having a variant fount, as set
forth with reference to the third part of the invention.
11. The combination in a linotype machine with a fount of matrices or type
dies having their letter characters in duplicate, the other matrices or type dies
of the fount having characters of a variant fount in addition to their characters
of the normal fount, of an automatic mechanism for presenting the line of, or
containing the, matrices or type dies of the variant fount, to the reproducing
part of the machine, as set forth with reference to the third part of the inven-
tion.
12. The combination in a linotype machine, of a fount of matrices or type dies,
having the duplicate letter characters, ³,, the other matrices or type dies of
the fount having a variant fount 88 in addition to their characters of a normal
fount, a stop adapted to secure the presentation of the line of, or containing
the, matrices or type dies of the variant fount, to the reproducing part of the
machine, and automatic means for making the said stop inoperative, as set forth
with reference to the third part of the invention.
13. The combination of fixed jaw; moveable jaw; backing up block; vice
screw engaging the said block; and abutment pivotted upon the said block, as
set forth with reference to the fourth part of the invention.
14. The combination of two mould blocks each consisting of cap plate, bottom
plate and two offsets or end liners, the one for the linotype and the other for the
sprue, as set forth with reference to the fifth part of the invention.
15. The combination of two mould blocks, each consisting of cap plate, bottom
plate and two offsets or end liners, the one block for the linotype and the other
for the sprue, the one mould block moveable over the other to sever the web
that connects the sprue to the linotype, as set forth with reference to the fifth
part of the invention.
16. The combination of two mould blocks, each consisting of cap plate, bottom
plate and two offsets or end liners, the one block for the linotype and the other
for the sprue, the one mould block moveable over the other to sever the web
that connects the sprue to the linotype; and means for moving it to effect that
severance, as set forth with reference to the fifth part of the invention.
17. The combination of two mould blocks, each consisting of cap plate, bottom
plate and two off sets or end liners, the one block for the linotype and the other
for the sprue, the one mould block moveable over the other to sever the web
that connects the sprue to the linotype; means for moving it to effect that
severance; and means for returning the moveable mould block; as set forth
with reference to the fifth part of the invention.
18. The combination of two mould blocks, each consisting of cap plate, bottom

page_text: plate and two offsets or end liners, one block for the linotype and the other for
the sprue, and adapted to stand with their slots nearly in echelon during casting:
a wedge and incline device to move the sprue mould block over the linotype
mould block to sever the web connecting sprue and linotype: means for engaging
the wedge and incline; and means for returning the sprue mould block; as set
forth with reference to the fifth part of the invention.
19. The combination of two mould blocks, one for the linotype and the other
for the sprue, one moveable over the other and adapted to stand with its slot
nearly in echelon with the slot of the other during casting: means for moving
the sprue mould block over the linotype mould block to sever the web connect-
ing the sprue to the linotype: means for returning it: cores to core the end of
the linotype and link devices actuated by the sprue mould block to protrude
them into the linotype slot and to retract them; as set forth with reference to
the fifth part of the invention.
20. The combination of two mould blocks, one for the linotype and the other
for the sprue, one moveable over the other and adapted to stand with its slot
nearly in echelon with the slot of the other during casting; means for moving
the sprue mould block over the linotype mould block to sever the web connect-
ing the sprue to the linotype; means for returning it; cores to core the end of
the linotype and lever devices actuated by the sprue mould block to protrude
them into the linotype slot and to retract them; as set forth with reference to
the fifth part of the invention.
21. The combination of two mould blocks, one having a slot for the linotype
and the other having a slot for the sprue, one moveable over the other and
adapted to stand with its slot nearly in echelon with the slot of the other during
casting a core carried by the sprue mould block to core the foot of the lino-
type means for moving the sprue mould block over the linotype mould block
to sever the web connecting the sprue to the linotype; and means for returning
it as set forth with reference to the fifth part of the invention.
22. The combinaion of two mould blocks, one having a slot for a narrow lino-
type and the other having a slot for the sprue, capable of having cast in their
slots a narrow linotype and a sprue or a full width linotype, according to the
positions of the said slots respectively to each other; as set forth with reference
to the fifth part of the invention.
23. The combination of two mould blocks, one having a slot for a narrow lino.
type and the other having a slot for the sprue, one moveable over the other and
adapted to stand with its slot nearly in echelon with the slot of the other during
casting means for moving the sprue mould block over the linotype mould block
to sever the web connecting the sprue to the linotype; means for returning it;
and means for locking the moveable mould block to the other with the respec-
tive slots in register with each other for casting full width linotypes; as set
forth with reference to the fifth part of the invention.
24. The combination of metal pot pivotted to 1ock to and fro on a pivot stand-
ing in front of the weight of it; a cam to rock it forward; and a cushioning
and resilient spring adapted to support the weight of the said pot: as set forth
with reference to the sixth part of the invention.
25. In the casting mechanism of a linotype machine, a mouth piece having
an internal chamber; a series of ports in the mouth piece to communicate with
the mould and a series of jobbers normally plugging the said ports and adapted
to unplug them successively, from one end of the series to the other; as set forth
with reference to the sixth part of the invention.
26. In the casting mechanism of a linotype machine, a mouth piece having au
internal chamber; a series of ports in the mouth piece to communicate with the
mould; a series of jobbers normally plugging the said ports and adapted to unplug
them successively from one end of the series to the other; and mechanism for
so actuating them; as set forth with reference to the sixth part of the invention.
27. In the casting mechanism of a linotype machine, a metal pot; mechanismų

page_text: for keeping it supplied with metal; a mouth piece having an internal chamber;
a series of ports in the mouth piece to communicate with the mould; a series
of jobbers plugging the said ports and adapted to unplug and replug them
successively from one end of the series to the other; and mechanism for so actual-
ing them as set forth with reference to the sixth part of the invention.
28. In the casting mechanism of a linotype machine, the combination with
the hereinbefore described second pot and mouth piece having an internal
chamber and a series of ports, cf a series of hell crank levers: a spiral cam ridge
capable of a rotary motion to trip them: a series of jobbers carried by them and
normally holding the series of ports plugged: a weight, cord, and pulley to
rotate the said cam ridge: a cord and pulley to return the said cam ridge; and
means for holding it in its normal position: as set forth with reference to the
sixth part of the invention.
29. In the casting mechanism of a linotype machine, the combination of
mouth piece having an internal chamber: metal pot and pump: pipe to deliver
metal from the said pump into one end of the said chamber: and port from the
other end of the latter back towards the said metal pot; as set forth with refer-
ence to the sixth part of the invention.
30. In the casting mechanism of a linotype machine, the combination of mouth
piece having an internal chamber a series of ports therein adapted to communi-
cate with the mould whilst the linotype is being cast: metal pot and pump;
pipe to deliver metal from the said pump into one end of the said chamber; and
port from the other end of the latter back to the said metal pot; as set forth
with reference to the sixth part of the invention.
31. In the casting mechanism of a linotype machine, the combination of metal
pot and pump second metal pot and pump: mouth piece: pipe from the first
mentioned metal pot to the second metal pot; and port from it to the second
metal pump; as set forth with reference to the sixth part of the invention.
32. In the casting mechanism of a linotype machine, the combination of metal
pot and pump: second metal pot and pump: mouth piece having an internal
chamber pipe from the first mentioned metal pot to the second metal pot;
pipe from the second metal pump to one end of the chamber: port from the
opposite end of the latter to the second metal pot: and port from it to the second
metal pump as set forth with reference to the sixth part of the invention.
33. The combination with the transporter N, lever 62 and wiper 64, of wiper
rod 66, piece 73 having a sliding connection therewith: rod projecting from the
lever 62 to actuate the said wiper in two directions: and spring from the rod 66
to the piece 73 to pull it up after the said rod as set forth with reference to
the seventh part of the invention.
34. The hereinbefore described combination in a Mergenthaler linotype
machine, of second line shifter lever and lever that automatically stops the cam
shaft projection and stop adapted to lock the line shifter lever and cam surface
adapted to prevent the automatically stopping lever acting during one revolution
of the said cam shaft: notch adapted to free the line-shifter lever; and cam
surface adapted to allow the said stopping lever to swing back into its opera-
tive position as set forth with reference to the eighth part of the invention.
35. The herein before described combination in a Mergenthaler linotype machine,
of lever for working the second line shifter: stud carried by the said lever;
projection carried by a cam making one revolution for each linotype cast;
toothed wheel adapted to be engaged and turned through the distance of one
tooth by the said projection; a stop turning with the said wheel and adapted to
he presented in the path of the said stud: lever that automatically stops the
cam shaft at the end of each of its evolutions: a cam surface turning with the
said toothed wheel and engaging the last mentioned lever during the above
mentioned engagement of projection and toothed wheel, to prevent the said lever
acting: notch turning with the said toothed wheel, to be presented in the path
of the stud above mentioned by each second contact of projection and toothed

page_text: wheel; and a cam surface turning with the said toothed wheel when the notch
is being presented to the stud, to allow the said lever to swing back into its
operative position; as set forth with reference to the eighth part of the invention.
36. The herein before described combination in a Mergenthaler linotype machine;
of stop, notch, and cam surface device for alternately locking and freeing the
second line-shifter lever and the lever for automatically stopping the cam shaft
adapted to be worked automatically from the said cam shaft or to be put out
of action by hand; as set forth with reference to the eighth part of the invention.
Dated the Tenth day of October 1899.
CHAS. S. WOODROFFE,
Chartered Patent Agent, 188, Fleet Street, E.C.

page_text: Complete Specification Left, 10th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 10th Mar., 1900
FROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means for Holding Late News Linotypes in
Position upon the Machine Cylinder.
We, WILLIAM HENRY LOCK, Manager and Secretary of The Linotype Company.
Limited, of 188, Fleet Street, in the City of London, and PHILIP CHARLES LAWLESS.
of the same address, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The present invention relates to improvements in means for holding late news
linotypes in position upon the machine cylinder.
In carrying it into effect, the ends of the linotypes on one side, are shaped so
as to engage with and under the suitably shaped and overhanging edge of the
stereo plate, while the opposite and more or less similarly shaped ends are held
down by an arcual and narrow bar held to the stereo plate by its nose carrying
a spring bolt to engage in the opposite edge of the stereo plate or by that nose
being held down by a transverse spring bolt carried by the stereo plate. The
transverse spring bolt may be replaced by two narrow bars adapted to engage
with each end of the stereotype cavity in the way just described, one along each
side of the linotype. Or the latter may be secured in the same way in a tray
adapted in its turn to be held to the stereo plate by engaging with its ends. If
the late news linotypes are in the outer column, the vacancy in the edge of the
stereo plate where they come, is made up by a special bar fast to the cylinder
with which the adjacent ends of the linotypes can engage. The foregoing des-
cription assumes that the linotypes are straight, .., that they stand on the
cylinder parallel with the axis of the latter. If they are to stand on the cylinder
at right angles with that axis they are curved to the proper a and the shape of
the holding devices is modified accordingly.
….ב
111 dow of 1800
CHAS. S. WOODROFFE,
Chartered Patent Agent.
Improvements in the Means for Holding Late News Linotypes in
Position upon the Machine Cylinder.
We, WILLIAM HENRY LOCK, Manager and Secretary of The Linotype Company,
Limited, of 188, Fleet Street, in the City of London, and PHILIP CHARLES LAWLESS,
of the same address, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention

page_text: and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:―
The present invention relates to improvements in means commonly known
as "fudge boxes" for holding late news linotypes to the cylinder or to the flat
bed of a printing machine. The object of it is to provide for any one or more
of the said linotypes being taken out of the stereo plate and others substituted
for them without it being necessary to take out of the stereo plate all the lino-
types then in it, before any substitution can be effected. It consists in an im-
proved combination of linotypes, a rule on one or both sides of the column of
linotypes and a locking bar having a bolt adapted to automatically engage with
the recess in the stereo plate. It possesses, as compared with the known fudge
boxes, the four following advantages in combination: () although it requires
specifically shaped linotypes, the printing edges of the latter are as long as their
feet, so that there is not any space lost in either or both sides of the impression;
(b) any one or more of the linotypes or of the slugs can be taken out of the
fudge box, and others substituted, without taking the others out: (c) the device
that locks the fudge linotypes in the box does not, if it carries the usual head-
line stop press news," cause any loss of space, and (7) the linotypes can be
held close together without any intervening plates.
<
"
The accompanying figures are to be taken as part of this specification and
read therewith. Figures 1 to 9 shew the invention applied to a cylinder machine,
the linotypes standing thereon parallel with the cylinder axis. If they are
required to stand at right angles with the cylinder axis, they, as well as the rule
or rules, bar and bolt, are curved accordingly.
When the invention is applied to a flat bed machine, all the parts of it are
straight so as to be parallel with the said bed, as shewn in Figures 17 to 24. In
either case, the stereo plates and linotypes will fit close down to the respective
surface of the printing machine cylinder in the one case, Hat bed in the other.
Figures 13 to 16 shew the invention as applied to a supplementary or late news
cylinder, which differs from a printing machine evlinder in not carrying a stereo
plate and therefore requires a special box to hold the linotypes.
Figure 1 is a plan:
Figures 2, a section on the line 2 2 of Figure 1:
Figure 3, a side view of a rule:
Figure 4, a sectional front elevation of Figure 1:
Figure 5, a sectional front elevation of the stereo-plate, rule, and locking bar
and bolt of Figure 1:
Figure 6, a longitudinal section of the locking bar and bolt:
Figure 7, a section on line 7- 7 of Figure (i:
Figure 8, an end elevation of Figure 6, from the right:
Figure 9, a plan of Figure 6:
Figures 10 and 11, elevations of linotypes:
Figure 12, an elevation of a "lead":
Figure 13, a plan:
Figure 14, a section on line 14-14 of Figure 13, including part of the supple-
mentary cylinder, a linotype, and the rule:
Figure 15, a section on line 15-15 of Figure 13, omitting the locking bar and
bolt:
Figure 16, a side view of the sidebar of Figures 13, 14 and 15:
Figure 17, a perspective view of a stereo-plate and a recess :
Figure 18, a perspective view of a detachable rule for the left side of the same
recess :
Figure 19, a longitudinal section of the locking bar and bolt:
Figure 20, a perspective view of a detachable iule for the right side of the
same recess :
Figures 21 and 22, perspective views of a pair of rules:

page_text: Figure 23, a longitudinal section of a modified locking bar and bolt for the pair of
rules illustrated in Figures 21 and 22: and
Figure 24, an end elevation from the left of Figure 23.
Referring to Figures 1 to 12, 1 is the machine cylinder; and 2, 2ª, the side
edges of the usual recess 2b in the stereo-plate. 3, 3, are linotypes. Their ends
carry lugs 4, 5, at their bottom corners. 6 is the printing edge of a linotype.
The linotype ends above the lugs 4, 5, may be either vertical as shewn in Figure 10
or bevilled as shewn in Figure 11. If they are not bevilled, the printing edge
overhangs the vertical ends as shewn in Figure 10. In either case, the said
printing edge is of the same length as the foot of the linotype.
The shape of the ends of the linotypes may be modified as desired provided that
they will engage by one end under the overhanging side 2 of the recess 2b, while
the other end presents a lug 5 projecting from their opposite ends for the rule 8
to hold them down by.
A "lead" 22 carries lugs 4, 5, in the same way and for the same purpose as
a linotype. The usual recess 2b in the stereo-plate, is no wider across the bottom
of it than is necessary to receive the linotypes 3 and leads 22. The side 2 of
it has a groove 7 along the bottom of it to receive the lugs 4, and is. besides that,
shaped to correspond with the respective ends of the linotypes so that the latter
shall fit close up to it, as shewn in Figure 4. The opposite side 2 of it is sloped
outwards from the bottom of the recess 2b, as shewn in Figure 4, or otherwise
shaped to make room for a detachable rule 8, which rests upon the lugs 5 to hold
the respective ends of the linotypes down, and to align with the rules 8ª on
the stereo-plate. The rule 8 on the opposite side of the recess 2b is on the stereo-
plate for its entire length. One end of the detachable rule 8 carries a nose 9
to engage in a socket in the respective end of the recess 2 in the stereo-plate,
in the way indicated in Figures 1 and 5. The opposite end of it has a hole 10
and a notch 11 in it. 12 is a locking bar which fits within the recess 2b across
the end of it at which the rule 8 presents the hole 10 and notch 11. 18 is a nose
projecting from one end of the bar 12 to pass through the notch 11 and engage
in a socket in the respective side 2ª of the recess, and 14 is a stud projecting in
the same direction from the same end of the bar 12 to engage in the hole 10,
as shewn best in Figure 5. 15 is a bolt working in a longitudinal socket 16 in
the bar 12. A spring 17 situated between the inner end of the bolt 15 and the
blind end of the socket 16, keens the nose 18 of the bolt normally protruded
beyond that end of the bar 12 which is opposite to the nose 133 and stud 14, to
engage in a socket 20 in the side 2 of the recess 2, as shown in Figure 5, and
19 is a thumb-piece for withdrawing it therefrom. This nose 18 is bevilled or
rounded to facilitate its engagement with the said side 2.
The invention acts as follows. Linotypes to fill out the recess 2b are placed
in the latter by having their lugs 4 inserted in the groove 7, and their feet placed
upon the respective surface of the printing machine. The nose 9 of the rule
is next inserted in its socket, and the rule itself pressed down upon the lugs 5,
when the notch 11 will register with the socket for the nose 13 of the bar 12.
This nose is then passed through the notch 11 into its socket in the side 2ª
of the recess 2b, the stud 14 at the same time entering the hole 10 in the rule 8.
The opposite end of the bar 12 is then pressed down into the recess 2, the nose 18
of the bolt 15 being forced back by the side 2, until it is opposite its socket 20,
when the spring 17 pushes it thereinto, thereby firmly locking the linotypes to
the stereo plate. Any one or more of the linotypes or leads at any time in the
fudge box, may be taken out without their fellows being taken out, by taking
the steps just described in the reverse order. Linotypes or leads to be respec-
tively substituted for those taken out, are inserted before the rule 8 is pressed
down again.
It is to be noted that when the linotypes engage by one end under the over-
hanging side of the recess 2, the rule on that side of the recess is formed on
the stereo-plate as shewn at 8" in Figures 1, 4 and 5. but that the modification

page_text: 11
means for any ways of vouton apor
next described has both the rules detachable as far as they run by the sides of
the recess 2b.
Referring to Figures 17 to 24, both the sides 2ª, 2ª, are like the side 2ª in
Figures 1, 4 and 5, so far as being sloped away from the bottom of the recess 2b
and there is a detachable rule 8 for each slide to rest upon the lugs 4, 5, on the
ends of the linotypes. Both of these rules 8 have noses 9 to engage in sockets 9
in the respective end of the recess 2b. The bar 12 holds the respective end of
one of these rules 8 to the respective side 2 of the recess 2b by the above described
combination of hole 10, notch 11, nose 13 and stud 14, as shewn in Figures 17.
19 and 20: while the oppoosite end of the bar 12 holds the respective end of
the other rule 8 to the respective side 2, by its nose 18 being long enough to pass
through a hole 24 in the said rule into a socket 25 in the said side 2ª, as shewn
in Figures 17, 18 and 19, or both ends of the two rules & may be as described
with reference to Figures 1 to 9, the bolt nose 18 then having a stud 14 com-
bined with it, to engage in the hole 10 in the end of the respective rule, as shewn
in Figures 21, 22 and 23.
Figure 19 shews a device for facilitating the removal of the bar 12 from the
recess 2 after the bolt nose 18 has been withdrawn from its socket. It consists
of a spring 26 resilient between the bar 12 and the respective surface of the print-
ing machine, to raise that end of the bar through which the nose 18 works, high
enough to present the notch 27 in the said end above the stereo plate, so that
a thumb or finger nail can be inserted in the said notch and the bar be lifted
thereby.
Referring to Figures 13 to 16, 21 is a supplementary or late news cylinder
and consequently has not a stereo plate. There is therefore mounted upon its
periphery, a box 22; the cavity, sides, and ends of which act for the purpose
of the present invention exactly as the corresponding parts of the recess 2
already described. It is not usual for a supplementary cylinder to carry rules.
For that reason, the rule 8 of the previously described constructions, becomes
a side bar 8, not having a printing edge, but endowed with the same capacity
for holding down the respective ends of the linotypes. The box 22 is shewn as
held to the cylinder 21 by screws 23.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:--
1. The herein before described combination of recess in the stereo plate having
one overhanging side: a detachable rule adapted by engaging with one end of
the said recess and by being held to the said recess near the opposite end, to hold
the respective ends of the linotypes down upon the respective surface of the
printing machine: and a locking bar and spring protruded bolt adapted by
engagement with the rule and the opposite sides of the recess, to hold the res-
pective end of that rule down upon the respective ends of the linotypes.
2. The herein before described combination with a supplementary or late news
cylinder, of box having one overhanging side; a side bar adapted by engaging
with one end of the said box and by being held to the said box near the oppo-
site end, to hold the respective ends of the linotypes down upon the bottom of
the box and a locking bar and spring protruded bolt adapted by engagement
with the side bar and the opposite sides of the said box, to hold the respective
end of the rule down upon the respective ends of the linotypes.
3. The hereinbetore described combination of recess having one overhanging
side linotypes having lugs or projections at both ends; rule adapted by engag
ing with one end of the said recess and by being held to the said recess near the
opposite end, to hold the respective ends of the linotypes down upon the res-
pective surface of the printing machine: and a locking bar and spring pro-
truded bolt adapted by engagement with the rule and the opposite sides of the

page_text: recess, to hold the respective end of the rule down upon the respective ends of
the linotypes.
4. The herein before described combination with a supplementary or late news
cylinder of a box having one overhanging side linotypes having lugs or projec-
tions at both ends; side bar adapted by engaging with one end of the said box
and by being held to the said box near the opposite end, to hold the respective
ends of the linotypes down upon the bottom of the box; and a locking bar and
spring protruded bolt adapted by engagement with the side bar and the opposite
sides of the box, to hold the respective end of the rule down upon the respective
ends of the linotypes.
5. The herein before described combination of recess in the stereo plate; a
rule adapted by engaging with one end of the said recess on each side thereof
and by being held to the said ecess near the opposite end of it, to hold the res-
pective ends of the linotypes down upon the respective surface of the printing
machine; and a locking bar and spring protruded bolt adapted by engagement
with each rule and the opposite sides of the recess to hold the respective ends
of both rules down upon the respective ends of the linotypes.
6. The herein before described combination with a supplementary or late news
cylinder, of box; a side bar adapted by engaging with one end of the said box
near each side thereof and by being held to the said box near the opposite end,
to hold the respective ends of the linotypes down upon the bottom of the box;
and a locking bar and spring protruded bolt adapted by engagement with each
side bar and the opposite sides of the recess to hold the respective ends of both
rules down upon the respective ends of the linotypes.
7. The herein before described combination of recess; linotypes having lugs
or projections at both ends; a rule adapted by engaging with one end of the
said recess on each side thereof and by being held to the said recess near the
opposite end of it, to hold the respective ends of the linotypes down upon the
respective surface of the printing machine; and locking bar and spring pro-
truded bolt adapted by engagement with each rule and the opposite sides of
the recess, to hold the respective ends of both rules down upon the respective lugs
of the linotypes.
8. The hereinbefore described combination with a supplementary or late news
cylinder, of a box; linotypes having lugs or projections at both ends: a side
bar adapted by engagement with one end of the said box near each side thereof
and by being held to the said box near the opposite end, to hold the respective
ends of the linotypes down upon the bottom of the box and a locking bar and
spring protruded bolt adapted by engagement with each rule and the opposite
sides of the box, to hold the respective ends of both side bars down upon the
respective lugs of the linotypes.
"
9. The herein before described improved fudge box adapted to receive lino-
types having printing edges as long as their feet, and having a rule or rules and
a bar or a locking bar with a spring protruded bolt to hold them down therein.
Dated this 10th day of October 1899.
CHAS. S. WOODROFFE,
Chartered Patent Agent, 188, Fleet Street, E.C.

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Jan., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 10th Oct., 1899-Accepted, 10th Jan 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Means for Holding Late News Linotypes in
Position upon the Machine Cylinder.
We, WILLIAM HENRY LOCK, Manager and Secretary of The Linotype Company
Limited, of No. 188, Fleet Street, in the City of London, CHARLES HOLLIWELL,
and WARWICK JAMES LEWIS both of the Linotype Works, Broadheath, in the
County of Chester, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
The present invention relates to improvements in means for holding late news
linotypes in position upon the machine cylinder.
In carrying it into effect the linotypes are narrower than usual. Each of them
has a double V notch in and across its foot, the notch being about half the length
of the linotype and midway between its two ends. All the notches in these
late news linotypes are in the same position therein so that when the linotypes
are assembled columnwise, the notches register with each other exactly and
present the appearance of a double V groove in the foot of the column extending
from one end of it to the other. The notched linotypes are held together by having
their notched feet slid on to a short bar up to a fixed stop on it, a second stop being
fixed on it close up to the last linotype. Both stops are adjustable on the bar.
The latter is bent to the same radius as the stereo plate and is held to it by having
one end engaged in a fixed socket therein while the opposite one is engaged
under a spring supported shoulder.
The foregoing assumes that the linotypes are straight i.e., that they will stand
on the cylinder parallel with its axis. If they are to stand on the cylinder at
right angles with the axis, they are curved to the proper are and the shape of the
holding devices is modified accordingly.
T
1111
ex 1800
CHAS. S. WOODROFFE,
Chartered Patent Agent.
Improvements in the Means for Holding Late News Linotypes in
Position upon the Machine Cylinder.
We, WILLIAM HENRY LOCK, Manager and Secretary of The Linotype Company
Limited, of No. 188, Fleet Street, in the City of London, CHARLES HOLLIWELL,
and WARWICK JAMES LEWIS both of the Linotype Works, Broadheath, in the
County of Chester, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement: -
The present invention relates to improvements in means for holding late news
linotypes to the cylinder or the bed of a printing machine.

page_text: It consists in a detachable bar adapted to have the linotypes threaded upon
it so as to have their feet standing upon the machine cylinder or its equivalent,
and socket pieces fast to the latter within the late news hole in the stereotype
plate and adapted to receive the respective ends of the said bar.
The accompanying figures are to be taken as part of this specification and
read therewith. They illustrate the invention applied to a cylinder machine.
The detachable bar that carries the linotypes is therefore bent to stand parallel
with the contour of the cylinder. If the linotypes are to stand on the cylinder at
right angles with its axis, they are curved to the proper arc and the shape of the
detachable bar and the other parts of the invention, modified accordingly. When
the invention is applied to a flat bed machine the said bar is straight to stand
equally parallel with the said bed. In either case, both stereotype plates and
linotypes will fit close down to the respective surface of the printing machine-
cylinder in the one case, flat bed in the other.
Figure 1 is a plan of the detachable bar:
Figure 2, a perspective view illustrating the necessary shape of the late news
linotypes:
Figure 3, a side elevation of the left hand socket piece of Figure 5, looking
from the right hand:
Figure 4, a side elevation of either of the adjustable stops:
Figure 5, a plan of the invention;
Figure 6, a sectional side elevation on the line 6-6 of Figure 5, shewing
how the detachable bar and its linotypes are detached:
Figure 7, a front elevation of Figure 5: and
Figure 8, a vertical section on the line 8-8 of Figure 5.
1 is a part of the printing machine cylinder; 2, 2, parts of the stereotype plate;
and 3, the hole in the latter to receive the late news linotypes and the improved
means for holding them in position. The cylinder 1, the stereotype plate 2, 2,
and the hole 3 are as heretofore.
screws 9.
4, 4, are the late news linotypes. There are twenty-four of them shewn, but
their number is limited only by the length of the detachable bar 5. The function
of the bar is to hold the linotypes 4 together in order that they may be fixed in
the hole 3, and taken out of it, in one piece. The bar is narrower than the
length of the linotypes and each of the latter has a cavity in its foot, to fit
over the said bar. As many linotypes 4 as the bar 5 carries at one time, are 3
prevented from moving lengthwise thereof, by stops 7, adjustable lengthwise of
the said har by any suitable means, such as an under-cut groove 8 and set
The cavities 6 are shown as double V notches and the sides of the
bar 5 as leing bevilled to the same angle as the ends of the said notches. The
latter are of such a depth that when the linotypes are threaded on the bar 54
and the latter is fixed to the cylinder 1 or to the flat bed of the machine, as the
case may be, the feet of the said linotypes shall be down upon the said cylinder
or bed, as illustrated in Figures 6 to 8. The cavities 6 register with each other
in order that the linotypes may do the same, and they fit to the bar 5 as tightly
as is consistent with the linotypes 4 being quickly threaded upon the said bar. 4
Otherwise, holes through the linotypes proportioned and positioned to fit to the
har in the way just described, may be substituted for the notches illustrated.
If leading slugs are to be used between the linotypes 5, 5, to lead" them
out, they must be made with notches 6, or holes, to thread on to the bar 4 in the
same way as the linotypes.
"
t
"
The bar 5 carrying its linotypes 4 and stops 7, is held to the cylinder 1 or flat
bed of the printing machine, by two socket pieces on the latter, and in which
the said bar engages by its ends. 10 is one of these socket pieces. It is fixed to
the printing machine by any suitable means such as screws 11, close up to
one end of the hole 3, so as to stand across it as shewn in Figures 5 to 7. The 5
length of the cavity 12 in the socket 10 is less than the width of the bar 5 and
the latter is shouldered down on each side as shewn at 13, 13, in the last

page_text: mentioned figures and also in Figure 1, to enter the cavity 12 but only as far as
the shoulders 13 allow. 14 is the other of the two socket pieces to receive the
respective end of the bar 5 in its cavity 15. The socket piece 14 is preferably
of the same length as the socket piece 10 and is carried by studs 16 working in
shouldered holes 17 in a bar 18 fixed to the cylinder 1 or its equivalent, in the
same way as the socket piece 10. The socket pieces 10 and 14 and the bar 18
are parallel with each other. The socket piece 14 is prevented from getting
away from the bar 18 by the engagement of the heads of the studs 16 with the
shoulders of the holes 17 in the bar 18. 19, 19, are springs having their seats
in sockets in the bar 18 and resilient between it and the socket piece 14 thereby
controlling the latter. This latter can be pushed up towards the bar 18 far
enough for the cavity 15 to clear the nose of the bar 5. The contacting faces
of the bar and the cavity 15 are tapered to the same angle and in the same
direction, as shewn in Figures 6 and 7. 20 is a notch or cavity in the end of the
bar 5 that fits into the cavity 15, visible when the said end is in the said
cavity, as clearly shewn in Figure 5. The socket piece 14 is convex or bevilled
as shewn at 21 to facilitate its being pushed towards the bar 18 by pressure on
the respective end of the bar 5. 22 is a tool which will be useful in connection
with the invention above described. The latter is used as follows.
The linotypes 4 and "leading" slugs, if any are used, are threaded on to the
bar 5 close up to each other and a stop 7 is brought up to each outer linotype and
made fast to the said bar, thereby holding all the linotypes immovable upon
it. The screw driver end 23 of the tool 22 may be used to turn the screws 9.
The shouldered end of the bar 5 is then inserted in the cavity 12 in the socket
piece 10. The opposite end of the said bar-that in which there is the notch
or cavity 20 then stands over the convex or hevilled portion 21 of the socket
piece 14, and is pushed downwards towards the cylinder 1 or its equivalent,
forcing the socket piece 14 towards the bar 18 against the resilience of the
springs 19 and making the nose of the bar 5 register with the cavity 15. The
springs 19 then push the socket piece 14 over the said nose of the bar 5, where-
upon the said bar is held by each of its ends to the cylinder 1 or its equivalent.
The bar 5 and its linotypes are detached from the socket pieces 10 and 14 by
pressing the piece 14 up towards the bar 18 and lifting the bar 5 out of the
hole 3. The tool 22 may be used for the purpose by putting its hooked end 24
into the notch 20, with its convexity 24 bearing against the socket piece 14 as
illustrated by the full lines in Figure 6, and moving the tool into the position
indicated by the dotted lines in the same figure. This use of the tool has the
effect of also lifting the respective end of the bar 5.
The practical advantages of the present invention are as follows:-
No holding plates between the linotypes are required:
No slot in the cylinder to receive a device for holding the linotypes together and
in position:
The linotypes stand fairly and steadily upon their feet:
Each machine may have duplicate bars and stops; so that one may remain at
work until the other (with later news linotypes) is ready to be inserted in the
hole 3, thereby stopping the machine only long enough for the act of substituting
one bar for the other.
As many linotypes as there are on the bar 5 at one time, can be taken off
en bloc, and others pushed on to it in the same way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that
what we claim is:
1. The hereinbefore described combination of bar adapted to have linotypes
threaded upon it; stops on the said bar adapted to hold the linotypes in close
contact with each other; and a socket piece fixed at each end of the hole in the
stereotype plate to receive the respective end of the said bar.

page_text: 2. The herein before described combination of stereotype plate having a hole
in it to receive the late news linotypes; bar adapted to have the said linotypes
threaded upon it; adjustable stops on the said bar adapted to hold the linotypes
in close contact; a socket piece fixed across one end of the said hole to receive
the respective end of the said bar; and a spring controlled socket piece across
the opposite end of the said hole to be pushed back by the respective end of the
said bar and to be moved over the said end by the resilience of the springs con-
trolling the said socket piece.
3. The hereinbefore described combination of stereotype plate having a hole in
it to receive late news linotypes: printing machine surface on which both stereo-
type plate and linotypes fit: bar adapted to have the said linotypes threaded
upon it; and socket pieces adapted to receive the respective ends of the said har
to hold it fast to the said surface with the feet of the said linotypes standing
thereupon.
4. The herein before described combination of stereotype plate having a hole
in it to receive late news linotypes; printing machine surface on which both
stereotype plate and linotypes fit: bar adapted to have the said linotypes threaded
upon it stops adjustable along the said bar to hold the linotypes in close contact
with each other; and socket pieces adapted to receive the respective ends of the
said bar to hold it fast to the said surface with the feet of the so threaded
linotypes standing thereupon.
Dated this 10th day of October 1899
CHAS. S. WOODROFFE,
Chartered Patent Agent 188, Fleet Street, E.C.