IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC WEB
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Turner, of Leicester, in the County of
Leicester, Elastic Web Manufacturer, and Thomas Yates, of the same
Place, Chemist and Druggist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC WEB."
Sealed the 5th September 1861, and dated the 6th June 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Turner and
Thomas Yates at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 6th June 1861.
We, HENRY TURNER, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester, Elastic Web
Manufacturer, and THOMAS YATES, of the same Place, Chemist and Druggist,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC WEB," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of elastic
web. In the manufacture of elastic web the india-rubber which gives the
elasticity to the fabric is usually enclosed between two woven surfaces or faces
produced by shooting the non-elastic warp of the fabric with weft passing from
selvage to selvage of the fabric alternately, under the india-rubber threads and
over them. Very.commonly also different wefts have been used on the two sides of
the fabric, as, for example, a silk weft on the face and a cotton weft on the back,
bnt all the weft on one side of the india-rubber has beretofore always been of
one material. Now according to my Invention in making elastic webs we open

page_text: two sheds on one and the same side of the india-rubber and shoot them with
two different sorts of weft, say cotton in the lower shed next the india-rubber
and silk above it on the face of the fabric, and separated from the india-rubber
by the cotton shoot; either one or both sides of the fabric may be thus produced.
In this manner we are enabled to give a superior face to a fabric with much
less expenditure of the valuable weft than has heretofore been necessary.
SPECIFICATION in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Henry Turner and Thomas Yates in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 6th December 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
TURNER, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester, Elastic Web Manufacturer,
and THOMAS YATES, of the same Place, Chemist and Druggist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said Henry Turner and Thomas Yates, Her special licence that we, the said
Henry Turner and Thomas Yates, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said Henry Turner and Thomas-Yates, our execu-
tors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ELASTIC WEB,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Henry Turner and
Thomas Yates, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under our or their hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us or
them, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Henry Turner and Thomas Yates,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of elastic

page_text: web. In the manufacture of elastic web the india-rubber which gives the
elasticity to the fabric is usually enclosed between two woven surfaces or faces
produced by shooting the non-elastic warp of the fabric with weft passing from
selvage to selvage of the fabric alternately under the india-rubber threads and
over them. Very commonly also different wefts have been used on the two
sides of the fabric, as, for example, silk weft on the face and a cotton weft on
the back, but all the weft on one side of the india-rubber has heretofore always
been of one material.
Now according to our Invention in making elastic webs wo open two sheets
on one and the same side of the india-rubber and shoot them with two different
sorts of weft, say cotton in the lower shed next the india-rubber and silk above
it on the face of the fabric, and separated. from the india-rubber by the cotton
shoot; either one or both sides of the fabric may be thus produced. In this
manner we are enabled to give a superior face to a fabric with much less
expenditure of the valuable weft than has beretofore been necessary.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, we will proceed more
fully to describe the manner of performing the same.
The crank shaft is made to go four revolutions while the cam shaft goes
only one; the cams referred to are those which are used for the cotton sheds.
For this purpose we use the half cams which work the treadle down two shoots
and up two shoots. Wo work the rubber threads by a cam which will work
them down to the bottom one shoot and to the centre shed one shoot, and
arrange them so as to work the fabric as above described, with silk on one
side only. We use five sets of harness, one for the rubber and four for the
cotton warps, the rubber stands in the centre shed, one shoot and one shoot
down to the bottom shed. The wefts and harness we work in the following
manner-
For the first shoot, we pass both wefts from right to left and both over the
rubber; for the second shoot, we pass the cotton weft only from left to right
under the rubber; for the third shoot, we pass the cotton weft only from right
to left under the rubber; and for the fourth shoot we pass both wefts from left
to right over the rubber.
The wefts are also worked as follows:-For the first shoot we pass both
wefts from right to left over the rubber; for the second shoot, we pass both
wefts from left to right. The cotton weft is made to pass under the rubber and
the silk weft over the rubber; third shoot, we pass both wefts from right to
left over the rubber the same as the first shoot; and for the fourth shoot, we
pass both wefts from left to right. The cotton weft is made to pass under the
rubber and the silk weft over the rubber the same as the second shoot. The

page_text: following is the manner in which we inake the four sets of harness, to work the
cotton warps in both the above modes of operation.
The first pair opens to the width of both sheds, and the second pair only
opens from the bottom to the centre shed, and each pair changes at every
two shoots, and also three harness are used, two to open to the width of both
sheds and one to stand in the centre with a dead warp in accordance with the
above arrangement.
We make the elastic web fabric with silk on both
sides in the following manner :-The crank shaft is made to go eight revolu-
tions while the cam shaft goes only one. A more full description of the cams
referred to is given below. We use five sets of harness, four for the cotton
warps and one for the rubber, and have one set of shuttles only in motion at
one time. To work the first shoot, we pass the cotton weft from right to left
over the rubber; for the second shoot, we pass the cotton weft from left to
right under the rubber; for the third shoot, we pass the silk weft from right to
left over the rubber; for the fourth shoot, we pass the silk weft from left to right
under the rubber; and the next four shoots we work exactly in the same
manner, except that there is a different movement in the harness.
The following is a description of the movement of the harness; first shoot,
one and two up, and three and four down; second shoot is the same as the
first third shoot, one up. and two, three, and four down; fourth shoot, one,
two, and three up and four down; fifth shoot, three and four up and one and
two down; sixth shoot is the same as the fifth; seventh shoot, four up and one,
two, and three down; eighth shoot, two, three, and four up and one down.
The following is a description of the cams above referred to. Two of the
cams for the cotton harness are moved four up and four-down, the other--two
three up, one down, one up and three down. The cams are so made and
arranged as to perform the above in a satisfactory manner, and may be easily
understood by an ordinary workman.
In witness whereof, we, the said Henry Turner and Thomas Yates, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Second day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
HENRY TURNER. (L.S.)
THOMAS YATES. (L.S.)