Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Feb., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 10th Nov., 1896-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1897
I, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN of 28 Rose Grove, Ardwick,
Manchester in the County of Lancaster, Mechanician do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to fluid pressure brakes in which the pressure is obtained
by hand or foot power and is specially applicable to velocipedes and such like
carriages or machines.
The invention consists in improvements in the construction and arrangement of
fluid pressure brakes made in accordance with my Specification of Letters Patent
No. 16581 dated 4th September 1893.
According to this invention, in one form suitable for ready attachment to a body
at right angles to the plane of the wheel, a collar or clip is made preferably in two
parts and provided with lugs and screws or other means by which to secure the
collar to the body. One side or part of the collar is formed with a finger having
one part of a joint at the extremity. The other side or part of the collar is formed
with an arm having a preferably circular inverted cup in which is formed a dove-
tail circular recess, at or near its extremity. The collar with this arm and finger
is securely fixed to the body aforesaid or part of the machine.
To the end of the finger aforesaid is connected a second arm formed so as to
make a knuckle joint with the finger. This arm which is carried below the finger
and first arm, is formed with a corresponding cup upon its upper face, and upon its
under surface is formed the brake shoe, which may have a face of any suitable
substance, such face being formed or shaped in the solid material of the arm or
being formed from india rubber or other suitable substance, and attached by means
of a dovetail groove, screws or other suitable means. The cup in the lower or
second arm is also formed with a circular dovetail recess.
An indiarubber circular chamber in a collapsed state and of a form on two faces
corresponding to that of the two cups, and having dovetail bosses of suitable size
is disposed in the two cups and held in position by the dovetail recesses and bosses
aforesaid.
A pipe is led from the interior of the chamber to the force pump of the brake.
In another form, the finger and first arm before referred to may be continuous
or formed in one piece, having two collars carried by lugs, or a flange or flanges
or other suitable means by which the brake is attached to the frame or body of
the machine in the most convenient manner, according to the form of the part to
which it is desired to attach it.
In some cases a spring of any suitable form is disposed in such manner as to
assist to keep the two cups close together and the india rubber chamber in a
collapsed state.
The knuckle joint may be replaced in some cases by a flexible springy connection
of the parts thereat.

page_text: I, JOHN GEORGE AULSEBROOK KITCHEN of 28 Rose Grove, Ardwick,
Manchester in the County of Lancaster, Mechanician, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to fluid pressure brakes in which the pressure is obtained
by hand or foot power and is specially applicable to velocipedes and such like
carriages or machines.
The invention consists in further improvements in the construction and arrange-
ment of fluid pressure brakes described in my Specification for Letters Patent
No. 16581 dated the 4th September 1893; these further improvements having
for their object to render the improved construction of such brakes described in my
Specification for Letters Patent No. 17629 dated the 21st September 1895
adapted for ready attachment to the various tubular parts of the frames of
velocipedes.
On the drawing appended hereunto the improved brake is shewn in several
modified forms.
Figures 1, 2 and 3 represent a form of the brake suitable for ready attachment
to a cross bar between the stays of a bicycle or other body at a right angle to the
wheel, Figure 1 shewing a section, Figure 2 an end view and Figure 3 a plan of
the same.
For this purpose a collar or clip a is made preferably in two parts formed suitably
for embracing the cross bar or its equivalent and provided with lugs a¹ and screws b
or equivalent means by which the clip a is secured to the bar or body. One side
or part of the collar is formed with a finger a' having one part of a hinge or joint
at its extremity. The other side or part of the clip is formed with an arm a
having at its extremity a preferably circular inverted cup e in which is formed a
dovetail circular recess c¹. To the end of the finger a' is connected a second arm d¹
so as to make a hinged joint with the finger a'. The arm d' extends underneath
the arm a and is formed at its end with a cup d corresponding with the cup con
its upper face and on its under-surface is formed the brake shoe. Preferably the
underface is formed with a tapering recess dovetailed on its sides into which a
brake block e or face of indiarubber or other suitable substance can be pushed from
one end and secured by the dovetails, or the undersurface may be shaped in the
solid material of the cup d suitably for braking the wheel. The cup d is likewise
formed with a circular dovetail recess.
An indiarubber circular chamber fin a collapsed state and of a form on its faces
corresponding to that of the two cups and having dovetail bosses f¹ of corresponding
size is placed into the two cups c and d and held in position by the dovetail recesses
and bosses f. A pipe g is led from the interior of the chamber to the force pump
of the brake. By inflating or expanding the chamber f the brake block e on the
hinged cup c is forced against the wheel.
Instead of the clip being divided horizontally as shewn, it may be divided
vertically or at an angle as indicated by the line on Figure 1, so that the
arm a³ and finger a³ are formed in one piece with one part of the clip.
Figures 4, 5 and 6, represent inside view, end view and plan respectively a form
of brake suitable for attachment to the legs of a fork or pair of vertical or inclined
stays of the cycle. The cup c in this case is formed with two arms hh each forming
half a clip at its end, to which the other halves of the clips are secured by
screws or equivalent means for attaching them to the legs or stays. The cup chas
a third arm formed on it, to which the lower arm with cup d is hinged. The

page_text: cups are shaped and contain an indiarubber chamber as hereinbefore described with
reference to Figures 1, 2 and 3.
Figures 7, 8 and 9, represent in side view, end view and plan respectively a form
of brake suitable for attachment to what is known as the "skeleton" crown of a
steering fork of a bicycle. The clip composed of the parts i iis attached to said
crown between the top and bottom cross plate of the same. The part i is formed
with an arm carrying the upper cup c, while the back part has an extension
to which the arm formed on the lower cup d is hinged, this arm passing through
the fork underneath the crown, and the bottom plate of the latter passing through
the space between the two arms.
In some cases a spring of any suitable form is disposed in such a manner as to
assist in keeping the two cups close together and the indiarubber chamber in a
collapsed state when it is deflated. This may be done for instance by fixing a
spring as indicated by dotted lines on Figure 1, and forming the arm d' with
a downward extension against which the spring presses.
The hinge or knuckle joint may be replaced in some cases by a flexible springy
connection of the parts. This modification is shewn on Figure 10, as applied to a
brake for attachment to the fork crown similarly to that described with reference
to Figures 7, 8 and 9.
Instead of the cup d being formed with an arm and hinged to the clip, it is
attached to the upper side of a blade spring m, which is fixed to the cup between
its underside and the brake block e at one end, and at its other end to a projection m¹
formed on the back half of the clip.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvements in fluid pressure brakes substantially as herein before
described and illustrated by drawings.
2. The several improved constructive arrangements of fluid pressure brakes for
velocipedes and similar machines substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to the several figures of the drawing and for the purposes set forth.
Dated the 9th day of November 1896.
R. J. URQUHART,
57, Barton Arcade, Manchester, and 6, Clayton Square, Liverpool,
Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent.