IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES FOR RAISING OR FORCING LIQUIDS
Year: 1849

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOSEPH
WADE DENISON, of New York, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty, by Her Royal Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster,
the Twelfth day of June, in the twelfth year of Her reign, did, for Herself,
Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Joseph Wade
Denison, my exors, admors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said
Joseph Wade Denison, my exors, adiñors, or assigns; should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within that part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland called England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed,
and in the Islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and in
all Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, my Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES FOR RAISING OR FORCING LIQUIDS" being a commu
nication from a Foreigner residing abroad; in which said Letters Patent

page_text: is contained a proviso that I, the said Joseph Wade Denison, shall par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, to be enrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that, in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Joseph Wade Denison, do hereby declare that the nature of my Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon, that is to say:-
My Invention relates to the arrangement and construction of the valves
and air vessels of pumps; and in order that my Invention may be fully under-
stood I will now proceed to describe the Drawings. Figure 1 is a front
elevation of a double cylinder pump with valves and air vessels, arranged
according to my Invention. Figure 2 is a plan of the valve seat or upper
surface of the valve box on which the valves are placed. Figure 3 is a section
of the apparatus taken through the line T, T, in Figure 2. Figure 4 is
section through the line U, U, in Figure 2. Figure 5 is a section through
lic line V, V, in Figure 2. Figure 6 is a plan, Figure 7 is a horizontal
section; of the valve box through the line W, W, in Figure 1. Figure 8
is a plan and side view of the valves. Figure 9 is an end view of the
apparatus. Figure 10 is a section through the line X, X, in Figure 2.
Figure 11 is a section through the line Y, Y, in Figure 2. The same
letters refer to similar parts in each Figure. A, B, are the pump barrels;
C, D, the pistons; C, D¹, the piston rods connected to the lever E, on
which are fixed the handles F, F; G is the suction pipe through which
the water or other fluid enters the valve box H, which is divided into four
compartments a, b, c, d, as shewn in Figure 7. The compartment a commu-
nicates with the suction pipe G, the compartment 6 with one pump barrel A,
whilst c communicates with the barrel B; the last compartment d is in com-.
munication with the delivery pipe or rising main. I. The upper surface or
valve seat K of the valve box H is pierced with several passages at e, f, g, h, i,
k, l, m, n, as shewn in Figure 2. On the valve seat K is laid a sheet of
leather L, upon which rests the air vessel or cap M, which is pressed down
upon the leather by means of two large screws N, N, which secure it in its.

page_text: place, and by compressing the leather form a water-tight and air-tight joint
between the cap and the valve box. A closed joint is made between the head
of each screw and the top of the cap M, by means of a leather washer o, or
otherwise. Figure 8 shews the sheet of leather L, which has holes cut
through it to correspond with the passages in the top of the valve box. The
leather over the passages e, f, h, m, k, is cut completely away; but the leather
over the passages g, i, l, n, is not completely separated from the sheet, but is
made into valves p, q, r, s, all opening upwards. The cap M, as will be seen
by referring to Figures 10 and 11, is divided into two large chambers O and P
by the partition Q, and it contains also two small chambers or cavities,
R and S, best seen in Figure 4, forming in all four distinct chambers or
cavities in the cap M, having no communication with each other except
through the passages in the valve box H. If the suction pipe G be now
immersed in water, and the lever E set in motion, the piston C, by being raised,
will create a partial vacuum in the barrel A, which will be supplied by the air
in the chamber O, expanding and passing through the passages e, f, compart-
ment a, valve p, chamber R, and passages h and b. On the descent of the
piston C the air will be forced through the passage 6 and valve i, into the
chamber P, and thence through the passages k and d into the delivery pipe or
rising main I. After a few strokes of the piston the air in the chamber O
will be sufficiently rarified to cause the ascent of the water in the suction
pipe G. The water will now pass through the same passages and valves as
the air has already passed through, and ultimately be delivered into the
chamber P, and thence into the rising main I. The chamber P acts as an air
vessel for regulating the stream in the ordinary manner.
The chamber O acts
as an air vessel on the suction pipe, and relieves it from injurious concussions,
the water rising and falling through the passages e and f. I have described
the action of the apparatus with reference to one. barrel and piston, but it is
evident that the other barrel and piston will act in a precisely similar manner,
and the apparatus may be adapted for one, two, or any other desirable number
of barrels and pistons, and may be used for raising other liquids besides water.
In some cases the chamber O may be dispensed with, and the chamber P may
be reduced in size when an air vessel is not required. An arrangement of this
sort, applied to a single barrel and piston, is shewn in Figures 12, 13, 14,
and 15. Figure: 12 is a horizontal section of the valve box H.. Figure 13 is
a horizontal section through the cap M on the line y, y, in Figure 14.
Figure 14 is a vertical section through, the line,, in Figure 13.
Figure 15 is a cross section through the line a, x, in Figure 13. A is the barrel;

page_text: G, the suction pipe; H, the valve box; I, the delivery pipe or rising main;
K is the valve seat or upper surface of the valve box H, and is pierced with
four passages g, h, i, k; L is a sheet of leather with apertures over the
passages h, k, and formed into valves over the passages g, i. The valve box H
s divided into three compartments, a, b, d, as shewn in Figure 12. The com-
partment a communicates with the suction pipe, bis in connection with the
pump barrel, and d with the delivery pipe. M is a cap divided into two
chambers, P and R; it is secured by the screw N. The joint .between
M and K is rendered water-tight and air-tight by the leather L. When the
piston of the pump is raised, the water flows from the suction pipe G through
the compartment a, valve g, chamber R, and passages h and 6 into the pump
barrel A. When the piston descends, the water is driven through the.com-
partment b and valve i into the chamber P, and thence through the passages
k and d into the delivery pipe I. It will be seen that my method of arranging
the valves and cap or air vessels admits of very easy access to the same for the
of making repairs, or for any
other purpose,
purpose
, it being merely necessary
to unscrew the large screws N, and to lift off the cap or air vessel M, when
all the valves are at once exposed to view. The cap or air vessel M may be
made of one piece of metal, or of more than one piece; but it should be so
arranged that it may be lifted off separately or altogether by removing the
screws N. The pump barrels A, B, the valve box H, and the frame which
supports the fulcrum of the lever E, are cast of one piece of metal to avoid the
expense of fitting; they may, however, be made of separate pieces if desired.
I have mentioned leather as being employed for the valves and joints, but I do
not confine myself to that material, as other suitable flexible materials may be
employed.
Having now described my Invention, and the manner in which the same is
to be performed, I wish it to be understood, that I claim as Improvements in
Engines for Raising and Forcing Liquids,―
Firstly, the arranging the suction and delivery valves of a pump on the
same seat or surface, in such a manner that neither of the valves is contained
within or covered by the cylinder, as above described:
Secondly, the covering the suction and delivery valves. of a pump with a
single cap or chamber, made with suitable divisions, as above described...
Thirdly, the forming the suction and delivery valves of a pump, and the
packing for the joint of the cap or air chamber, of one sheet of leather or other
suitable flexible material, as above described.
Fourthly, the arranging and constructing the cap or chamber which covers

page_text: both suction and delivery valves to serve as an air vessel to the delivery pipe,
or to the suction pipe, or to both.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Wade Denison, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-nine.
JOSEPH WADE (L.s.) DENISON.
igned, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Joseph Wade Denison,
in the presence of
CHARLES R. PILCHER,
Clerk to Weatherdon & Co.,
77, Chancery Lane.
Enrolled the Twelfth day of December, in the year of our Lord One