Improvements in Explosion Engines and in Vaporizers therefor.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 27th June, 1899-Accepted, 26th Aug.,
1899
.
DIECITIVATION
[Communicated from abroad by THE C. C. RIOTTE COMPANY, a Corporation organized
under the Laws of the State of New York, U.S.A., Engine Manufacturers,
of No. 1155, Park Avenue, New York, United States of America.]
Improvements in Explosion Engines and in Vaporizers therefor.
I, DAVID YOUNG, Chartered Patent Agent, of the Firm of 1). Young & Co.,
of 11 & 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:---
My invention relates to explosion engines and vaporizers therefor and my
special object is to improve the construction of the same and to provide a vaporizer
which shall discharge directly into the cylinder casing of the engine, and shall
require no regulation of the air supply.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 shows a horizontal sectional view through my vaporizer and through a
broken-away part of the cylinder casing of the engine.
Fig. 2 shows a vertical sectional view of the vaporizer on the line X-X,
Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows a vertical sectional view on the line Y-Y, Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of one of the screw heads and retaining spring.
Fig. 5 is a plan view of the cylinder casing with the head removed.
Fig. 6 is a plan view of the cylinder head looking from beneath.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view on the line Y-Y, Fig. 5, looking in the direction
of the arrows,
Fig. 8 is a sectional view on the lines X-X of Figs. 5 and 6, the vaporizer
being shown in elevation.
In the preferred embodiment of my invention, as shown in the accompanying
drawings, A shows a broken-away part of the cylinder casing of the engine, in
this embodiment a two cylinder engine. Two openings are provided CC, one
leading into one cylinder and the other into the other, as hereafter described.
The vaporizer proper in this embodiment consists of a casing D) having a fluid
chamber E and an air passage F separated by the partition G, which has a small
vent E. An opening from the air passage is provided at H. This opening H
is adapted to register with the opening CC in the cylinder casing. KK are
atomizers each having, in this embodiment, four nozzles K¹ which extend sub-
stantially into the openings C C and out of which the fluid to form the gas for
the engine is drawn in the form of spray by the aspirating effect on the nozzles,
resulting from the suction of air past them as described hereinafter. L is a
fluid supply pipe. M is an overflow pipe, whose top is preferably level with the
atomizer, as shown in Fig. 2, and inside of, and preferably concentric with the
supply pipe L and leads any oil which may overflow into it away. N are
tubulures, preferably on the partition G and extending into the oil supply
chamber, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. n is a passage, preferably at the bottom of
these tubulures, as shown in Fig. 3 in dotted lines, through which oil from the
oil chamber may pass to the hollow O in the tubulures and from thence up to an
[Price 81

page_text: opening substantially on a level with the top of the oil supply pipe and from
there to the atomizer and nozzle screwed or otherwise fastened therein. V is
an air passage through which air is preferably drawn by the backward movement
of the piston in the cylinder and which air, as it rushes past the nozzle K¹ exerts
an aspirating effect upon them and draws out the fluid therefrom in the form of
spray, which is at once vaporized. T T are hollow lugs on the casing for the
reception of bolts T¹ to fasten the vaporizer to the cylinder.
The cylinder casing to which the vaporizer is preferably attached is shown
in detail in Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8. A is the casing, which encloses the cylinders 1, 2,
around which are water jacket passages 3-3. The cylinder in which the piston g
moves preferably extends through the ends of the casing, as shown, and is closed
by a cylinder head hereinafter described. The cylinder casing has vaporizing
passages 44 within the same, and, in this embodiment, below the upper surface
thereof, as shown, which connect with the openings, CC, towards which the
atomizers are directed. A hole is bored from the top of the casing down into each
of these vaporizing passages, which is closed by a valve 5. 6 is a sleeve having a
head 7 extending down through the cylinder and screw threaded at its lower
portion upon which is the nut 8 to draw the same tightly into its seat. Within
this sleeve is carried the valve stem 9, which has upon its upper end the valve 5
and on its lower end a collar 10, between which and the nut 6 is a light spring 11,
preferably just strong enough to keep the valve 5 on its seat, but which allows
the valve to instantly open whenever a partial vacuum is created in the cylinder
by the backward stroke of the piston. Preferably on the other side of the cylinder
are valves 12, which close exhaust ports 13 and 14. These valves are preferably
provided with sleeves, heads and collars, substantially like those on the valves 5.
A spring 20 is interposed between the nut 17 and the collar 19 of these valves 12,
which is comparatively strong, so as to keep said valves firmly upon their seats,
excepting when the cam 21 strikes the lower end of the valve stems 18 and
raises them off their seats at the proper time. The cylinder head 22 fits over
the top of the cylinder casing and is preferably provided with a recess 23 and
extensions thereof 24 and 25, which fit over the valves 5 and 12, respectively, and
in this way make connection between the vaporizing passages 4 and said cylinder
and between said cylinder and exhaust ports 13, respectively.
It will be seen that in this embodiment of my invention, the vaporizer is applied
directly to the face of the cylinder and the fluid to be vaporized is discharged into
a passage within the cylinder casing and near the combustion chamber, and which
is on this account kept extremely hot. This insures a quick vaporizing of the
fluid, which when one of the valves 5 is raised passes out into the cylinder or
combustion chambers 1-2. It is a common defect in these engines for the parts
immediately surrounding the points when the vaporizing takes place to become
chilled on account of the loss of heat resulting therefrom, and consequently such
vaporization is retarded. In this embodiment of my invention, however, this is
almost entirely prevented, for the atomizer discharges directly into this hot
vaporizing passage and has only to pass the valve 5 to enter the combustion
chamber. This almost entirely prevents any cooling of the vapor.
The overflow construction keeps the oil at a certain level so that it is supplied
to the atomizer at a uniform rate. P is a valve screw-threaded into the casing,
and having an actuating knurled head P, a shoulder R and a conical projection S
to regulate the flow of fluid to be vaporized, as shown.
The operation of this embodiment is as follows: Oil passes up through the
tube L and rises to the level of the atomizer and is kept at this level by the over-
flow pipe M. When the piston 9 moves backward (in Figs. 7 and 8, downward)
air is drawn in through the opening H into the passage 4 and draws in the form
of spray a certain amount of oil out of the atomizer. This amount is regulated by
the position of the adjustable screw valve P. As soon as the piston starts to move
backward, a partial vacuum is produced ahead of it, and the inrush of air resulting
therefrom raises the valve 5 off its seat. As soon as the spray of fluid enters the

page_text: hot passage 4, it is converted into vapor and as the valve 5 is now off its seat, it
rushes out into the combustion chamber or cylinder ready to be compressed on the
return stroke of the piston and ignited in the usual or any suitable manner.
Of course, it will be evident that a one cylinder engine may be used and
that then only one of my atomizers is necessary, and it will be evident that many
modifications of this construction may be made without departing from the spirit
of my invention.
It will be observed, by my invention, no regulation of the air supply is
necessary, as the piston draws in the requisite amount and the only
regulation necessary to be used in this embodiment is the regulation of
the oil supply which can be accomplished by means of the valve P. In this
way the amount of vapor supplied may be regulated by the oil supply regulation
alone.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated
to me by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In an explosion engine in combination a cylinder casing enclosing two
cylinders, a pair of vapor passages also enclosed by said casing and located near
one end of the same and each connected with one of said cylinders, said passages
opening through one side of said casing close together, a vaporizer, applied
directly to said casing over and covering said openings from said vapor passages,
having a pair of atomizing nozzles, a fluid supply connected therewith, each of
said nozzles having a plurality of atomizing points and extending into said casing
and directed toward said vapor passages, and an air passage past each of said
nozzles and connected with said vapor passages to spray said fluid directly into said
vapor passages.
2. In an explosion engine in combination a cylinder casing enclosing two
cylinders, a pair of vapor passages also enclosed by said casing and located near
one end of the same and each connected with one of said cylinders, said passages
opening through one side of said casing close together, a vaporizer, applied directly
to said casing over and covering said openings from said vapor passages, having
a fluid chamber, a pair of atomizing nozzles connected therewith each of said
nozzles having a plurality of atomizing points, means to keep said fluid in
said chamber substantially on a level with said nozzles, said nozzles extending
into said casing and directed toward said vapor passages, a fluid inflow into said
chamber and an overflow therefrom, and an air supply passage past said nozzles
and connected with said vapor passages to spray said fluid directly into said
vapor-passages, and a valve between said fluid-chamber and nozzle to regulate the
flow of fluid therefrom.
3. In an explosion-engine, in combination, a cylinder, a casing enclosing said
cylinder, a vapor-passage located entirely within and at one end of said casing,
said passage connected with said cylinder and opening through the side of said
casing, an inlet-valve between said passage and cylinder in said passage, a
vaporizer attached directly to said casing and covering said passage, said vaporizer
having a liquid compartment or tank, provided with a liquid-fuel supply, and an
air-passage provided with an air-supply and connected to said vapor-passage,
an atomizing nozzle connected to said fuel-supply and extending through said
air-passage into said casing and directed along said vapor-passage, substantially as
described.
4. In an explosion-engine, in combination, a plurality of cylinders, a casing
enclosing said cylinders, a vapor-passage located entirely within and at one end
of said casing, said passage connected with said cylinders and opening through
the side of said casing, an upright partition between said passages, an inlet-valve
in each passage, a vaporizer attached directly to said casing and over said passages,
5 a liquid compartment or tank in said vaporizer and a liquid-fuel supply therefor,
an air-passage, and an air-supply therefor, said air-supply being connected to

page_text: said vapor-passages, a plurality of atomizing nozzles connected to said fuel-tank
and extending through said air-passage into said casing and directed along said
vapor-passages.
Dated this 97th day of June 1800
D. YOUNG & Co.,
11 and 12, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.