AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CARRIAGES AND WAGONS
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Archibald Brooman, of 166, Fleet Street, in
the City of London, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CARRIAGES AND WAGONS."-A communication.
Sealed the 14th January 1857, and dated the 31st July 1856.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Archibald Brooman
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st July 1856.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CARRIAGES AND WAGONS," (com-
municated to me by a foreigner residing abroad,) to be as follows:-
This Invention is an improvement in the construction of the running parts
of vehicles, and consists in the application of india-rubber or other similar
elastic material to a variety of the parts, whereby not only is the rattling noise
arising from those parts when the carriage is in motion entirely obviated, but
also, by reason of the elastic character of the material introduced, the bolts are
not liable to break nor the nuts to work off.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Archibald Brooman in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 31st January 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent
Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by
Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of . Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs. and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Richard Archibald Brooman, Her special licence that I, the said Richard
Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with; and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise; and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle. of Man, an Invention
for "AN. IMPROVEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CARRIAGES AND WAGONS," (com-
municated to me by a foreigner residing abroad,) upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, that is to say:-
This Invention is an improvement in the construction of the running parts
of vehicles, and consists in the application of india-rubber or other similar
elastic material to a variety of the parts, whereby not only is the rattling noise
arising from those parts when the carriage is in motion entirely obviated, but
also, by reason of the elastic character of the material introduced, the bolts
are not liable to break nor the nuts to work off.
In the annexed Drawings, Figure 1 is a front view or elevation of the forward

page_text: axle of a light wagon with the parts attached, to which this Invention par-
ticularly pertains; Figure 2 is a top view or plan of the same; Figure 8 is a
transverse vertical section on the line of Figure 1. Similar letters refer
to similar parts in all the Figures. The connection of the bolster or transom
A, with the axletree B, will be first described. On the upper side of the
axletree is a circular plate of metal c, Figures. 1 and 8, having its upper
surface turned and faced to fit into a metallic cap plate e, which is affixed to
the under side of the transom A. Between the meeting surfaces of c and e
a circular sheet of the elastic material is placed, which is cut to fit within the
cap plate e, as shewn at d, Figure 3. The transom bolt f passes through
the centre of these. The transom A is. countersunk at the top to receive.
the head of the bolt f, and this countersinking is carried so far down as to
admit below the head of the bolt a portion of the elastic material. This may
be a piece of vulcanized india-rubber tubing, of which the bore is of the
diameter of the shank of the bolt, and the external size equal to that of the
head of the bolt. A portion of this tubing is cut off to the proper length and
put into the countersunk hole, as seen at'i, and the bolt f may then be screwed.
down upon it by a nut at the lower end. A sheet of the rubber is also put
upon the transom at g, Figures 1 and 3, and upon this the spring h may be
bedded. The fifth wheel" is prevented from rattling by means of a peculiar
roller m, which is so affixed to the lower side of the perch n that the part k
of the fifth wheel shall be pressed by it into the cap piece l. This roller is a
cylinder of metal, having within it a piece of the india-rubber tubing which
fills the interior, the bolt on which the roller turns being of a size to fit the
bore of the tube. The strap p, in which the roller is hung, is secured by bolts
to the perch, sheets of the rubber being put between it and the perch, as well
as under the heads of the bolts on the top of the perch, as at p².
นี้
The shafts are connected to the axletree by a clip q, as usual, but the eye
on the end of the shaft is made narrower, so that the space between the lugs
on the clip, as seen in Figure 2, may not be quite filled by it. The eyer is
of the usual form, but is enlarged somewhat in its bore. A piece of the
tubing, as above described, is cut to a length which will just fit between the
lugs of the clip, and is therefore longer than the width of the eye r; this is put
into the eye, and the ordinary "jack bolt" passing through the bore of the
piece of tube secures the shaft to the axle. The whiffletree s, Figures 2
and 3, is attached in a similar manner, the ironing on the front of it not
quite filling the space between the plates within which it is held, and the tube
of rubber t being cut to the full length of that space, as seen in Figure 3.

page_text: When a pole is arranged as for a pair of horses, the whiffletrees are secured
to the ends of a doubletree in the same manner, and the doubletree may then
be attached to the pole by a connection similar to that employed for the
transom, as above described. A wagon thus constructed will run without any
jarring or rattling by reason of the elasticity introduced into parts heretofore
made rigid, as also, by the interposition of the elastic substance between the:
surfaces of the wearing parts, the durability is consequently greatly prolonged.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what.
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim the introduction
of an elastic material into the parts of a vehicle, substantially in the manner
and for the purposes herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Archibald Brooman, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of January, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
R. A. BROOMAN. (L.S.)