IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSING AND IN EXTRACTING FLUIDS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Julian Bernard, of Guilford Street, Russell
Square, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, and Edward
Taylor Bellhouse, of the Eagle Foundry, Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Julian Bernard
and Edward Taylor Bellhouse at the Oflice of the Coinmissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 12th May 1858.
We, JULIAN BERNARD, of Guilford Street, Russell Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, and EDWARD TAYLOR BELLHOUSE,
of the Eagle Foundry, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSING AND IN EXTRACTING FLUIDS" to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in pressing or extracting fluids from cloth,
yarn, thread, or other materials by the application of a flexible bag
filled or partially filled with air or fluid, and secured at its extremities

page_text: to a shaft working in suitable bearings, the fluid being introduced into
the bag through the cone in the end of the shaft, to which it is fixed.
The cloth or other matèrial to be pressed is passed between this flexible
roller bag and a non-flexible,roller, or, if necessary, both rollers may be
flexible, and a second non-flexible roller may press upon the upper
surface of the flexible roller. A rotatory motion is given to the rollers
which draw the cloth or other material between them, and thereby
extract a great portion of the moisture, or, where pressure alone is
the object to be attained, exerts a great amount of pressure over
the surface to bo pressed, equalised by the clasticity of the fluid.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Julian Bernard and Edward Taylor Bellhouse
in the Great Seal Patent Office, on the 12th November 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
JULIAN BERNARD, of Guildford Street, Russell Square, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, and EDWARD TAYLOR BELLHOUSE, of the
Eagle Foundry, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of May, in the of
year
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Julian Bernard and Edward Taylor
Bellhouse, Her special license that we, the said Julian Bernard and
Edward Taylor Bellhouse, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said Julian Bernard and Edward Taylor
Bellhouse, our executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSING AND IN EXTRACTING FLUIDS," upon the con-

page_text: dition (amongst others) that we, the said Julian Bernard.and Edward
Taylor Bellhouse, by an instrument in writing under our hands. and
scals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Julian Bernard and Edward
Taylor Bellhouse, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawings, and to the letters and figures
marked thereon, that is to say:
'
..
Our said Invention relates: To the pressing or extracting of fluids
from cloth, yarn, thread, or other materials; and consists in the appli-
cation of a flexible bag filled or partially filled with air or fluid, and
secured at its extremities to a shaft working in suitable bearings,
introduced into the bag through the cone in the end of the shaft, to
which it is fixed.. The cloth or other material to be pressed is passed
between the flexible roller bag and a non-flexible roller, or, if necessary,
two flexible rollers may be used, and a second non-flexible roller may
press, upon the upper surface of the flexible roller. A rotatory motion
is given to the rollers which draw the cloth or other material between
them, and thereby extract a great portion of the moisture, or, when
pressure alone is the object to be attained, exerts a great amount
pressure over the surface to be pressed, equalized by the elasticity of
the fluid. Figure 1, on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings repre-
sents a side elevation of our improved apparatus, as applied for pressing
cloths and yarns, &c.; and Figure 2, is a corresponding transverse
vertical section of the same, taken through the ends of the pressing
rollers or cylinders. A, is the flexible roller, which is shewn partly in
section in Figure 1. It is composed of leather or any other suitable
flexible material, which is secured at its extremities to the shaft B, by
a pair of metal collars C, C, which are tightened up by nuts and screws.
Or this roller may be formed by having two dises or large collars formed
of

page_text: upon the internal shaft, over which collars or discs is stretched the
leather or other flexible material of which the roller is composed.
the ends of such leather or other flexible tube being secured by being
pressed up against the outsides of such discs by suitable moveable
collars and screws. This roller is partially filled with water or air, and
is placed between two non-flexible or hard rollers D, D, which press
against its upper and under surfaces, as shown in Figure 2. This
pressure causes the flexible roller to lap considerably over the surfaces
of the hard rollers, thereby giving a large contact or pressing surface
between the cylinders, as clearly shewn in the Drawings. One end of
the shaft B. inside the flexible roller, is bored out at E, and has
a number of radiating openings F, F, to communicate with the interior
of the roller, whereby the requisite amount of liquid or air may be
introduced for the purpose of facilitating, distending, or inflating such
roller, the liquid or air being conveyed thereto by a pipe and ordinary
trunnion joint connected with the end of the partially tubular shaft B.
As this portion of the apparatus does not form a part of our Invention,
and is well understood by practical men, we have not shown it in our
Drawings for the purpose of avoiding unnecessary complication. The
bearings or brasses of the several rollers are contained in a vertical slot
in the standard G, G, the centre or flexible roller resting entirely upon
the surface of the lower hard roller. An ordinary steel spring II, rests
upon the brasses or bearings of the top roller, and is tightened
up by means of the screw I, and hand wheel .J. A brass collar or
fixed nut K, through which the screw passes, is let into the boss of
the girder, which is bolted at its extremities to the tops of the
standards G, G. By this arrangement an elastic pressing surface
is obtained, and the pressure may be regulated to suit the peculiar
nature of the material to be pressed. A rotating motion is given to
the upper and lower rollers through the spur wheel M, keyed on to the
shaft of the lower roller; the opposite end of this shaft is fitted with
a fly wheel N. The motion is communicated from one roller to the
other by the leather driving belts 0, 0, and pulleys P, P, keyed on to
the shafts of the top and bottom roller. The flexible roller A, is driven
by the mere contact of the hard rollers. Although we have only shown

page_text: in the Drawings an arrangement in which one flexible roller is used,
it will be obvious to the practical man that in cases where an exceed-
ingly elastic surface is wanted two flexible rollers may be made to work
together, being kept in close contact by springs, weights, or non-
flexible cylinders, as shown in our Drawings. Or, by another arrange-
ment, the order of the rollers may be simply reversed to that shewn in
the Drawing; that is to say, the flexible roller A, may be replaced
by a non-flexible one, and the non-flexiblo rollers D, D, replaced by
two flexible rollers. Or a series of flexible and non-flexible rollers
arranged alternately in one frame, if required. It will also be obvious
that this arrangement of rollers is peculiarly applicable to the purposes
of printing and stamping fabrics where it is desired to give an equable
and delicate pressure.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used
or carried into effect, we would observe, in conclusion, that we do
not confine or restrict ourselves to the precise details or arrangements
which we have had occasion to describe or refer to, as many variations
may be made therefrom without deviating from the principles or main
features of our Invention; but what we consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent, is,-.-.
The application and use of a roller or rollers composed of flexible or
elastic material, and filled or partially filled with air or liquid, for the
purposes of pressing and of extracting fluids.
In witness whereof, we, the said Julian Bernard and Edward
Taylor Bellhouse, have hereunto set our hands and seals, the
Fifth day of November, One thousand eight hundred and
fifty-three.
JULIAN BERNARD.
(L.S.)
EDWP T. BELLHOUSE. (L.S.)
JULIAN BERNARD.
(L.S.)
EDW T. BELLHOUSE. (L.s.)