IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING HORIZONTAL SHAFTING AND BEARINGS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Reilly, of the New Globe Chair and Cabinet
Works, Barrack Street, Hulme, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
and William Martin, of Manchester, aforesaid, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING HORIZONTAL SHAFTING AND BEARINGS OF
ALL DESCRIPTIONS."
Sealed the 18th September 1863, and dated the 24th March 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Reilly and William
Martin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 24th March 1863.
We, JAMES REILLY, of the New Globe Chair and Cabinet Works, Barrack
Strect, Hulme, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, and WILLIAM
MARTIN, of Manchester aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING HORIZONTAL SHAFTING AND
BEARINGS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of forming the steps or pedestals of horizontal
shafting with a recess or box to contain the oil or lubricating matter, so that
as the shafting revolves it will only take up or use as much of the lubricating
matter as is necessary for the purpose, and thus prevent waste, so generally
complained of. In bearings as named in the title we mean the axles of
railway wheels revolving in bearings, generally called axle boxes, the shafts
of engines, either marine or stationary, which revolve in bearings in a horizontal
position, and similar purposes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Reilly and William Martin in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 24th September 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
REILLY, of the New Globe Chair and Cabinet Works, Barrack Street,
Hulme, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, and WILLIAM MARTIN, of
Manchester, aforesaid, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said James Reilly and William Martin, Her special license that we, the said
James Reilly and William Martin, our executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as we, the said James Reilly and William Martin, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATING HORIZONTAL
SHAFTING AND BEARINGS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said James Reilly and William Martin, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Reilly and William Martin,
do hereby declaro the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement (that is to say):-
This Invention consists in forming the steps or pedestals of horizontal
shafting with a recess or box to contain the oil or lubricating matter, so that
as the shafting revolves it will only take up or use as much of the lubricating
matter as is necessary for the purpose, and thus prevent the waste so generally
complained of. By the term bearings as named in the title we mean the
bearing surfaces of the axles of railway wheels and the axle boxes, and also the
bearing surfaces of the shafts and pedestals of shafts for marine and stationary

page_text: engines, and also the pedestals and bearing surfaces of all descriptions or
horizontal shafting.
This Invention will be clearly understood by referring to the figures and
letters on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a transverse
section, Fig. 2 a longitudinal elevation, and Fig. 3 a plan, without the cover,
of one of our improved pedestals for a horizontal shaft without flanges; Fig. 4,
a transverse section of a pedestal for a horizontal shaft with flanges; Fig. 5,
a transverse section of our improved suspended pedestal or hanger; Figs. 6
and 7, sections of our improved axle box for railway axles drawn to a reduced
scale; and Fig. 8, a transverse section of a collar for forming the bearing
surface of the shaft.
In Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, a represents the shaft, b its projecting bearing
surface, c the brasses, d the body of the pedestal or hanger which contains the
brasses or other metallic bearings, and the cover. The part of the pedestal
which surrounds the brasses and projecting bearing is formed as a box, having
a cistern or recess f for containing the oil or lubricating matter, one or both
sides g of the box being hollowed for the shaft to pass through. When the
shaft is properly adjusted in the bearing, the cistern or recess is supplied with
oil or lubricating matter to a short distance below the hollow h in the side of
the box, and the bottom brass or bearing is partly submerged in the oil or
lubricating matter, by which means the bearings are kept perfectly cool and
lubricated in a very efficient manner. It will be seen that the cistern or recess
forms part of the body of the pedestal, perfectly distinct from the bearing or
brasses, and therefore the shaft and brasses can be removed wben required
without interfering with the lubricating matter. The external shape of the
box may be varied to suit the shape of the pedestal, and the dimensions of
the cistern or recess adapted to the diameter of the shaft. The projecting
collar or bearing b is placed loose upon the shaft and afterwards firmly keyed
to it. The said collar is either of one piece or composed of two parts dove-
tailed together, as shewn in Fig. 8, and may be made of iron, brass, or other
metal.
In Figs. 6 and 7, representing our improved axle boxes for railway axles,
is the end of the axle, the box, and m the bearing of brass or other metal.
The bottom of the box is formed as a cistern n, which contains the lubricating
matter, and in the cistern there is a float o and also when desired a sponge or
other absorbing material. The end of the shaft k revolves upon the float,
which bas apertures for allowing the lubricating matter to pass to the under
side of the shaft and be spread evenly over the surface, by which means the
oil or other matter is continually being carried up to the upper bearing and

page_text: returned to the cistern, and thus the shaft and bearing are effectually lubricated.
The end of the axle is inclosed in the box, and at the inside of the box next
to the wheel the axle is turned down, as at p, to form a flange and secure the
steadiness of the wheel, and the block or cap, which contains the brass or upper
bearing, is inclined, as at 9, to cause the oil or lubricating matter to run down
upon the working part of the shaft.
Ilaving now described our Invention, we desire it to be understood that we
claim the improvements in lubricating horizontal shafting and bearings of
all descriptions as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet
of Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said James Reilly and William Martin,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-second day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
sixty-three.
Signed, sealed, and, delivered by
the within-named James Reilly
and William Martin, in the
presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
JAMES REILLY.
(L.S.)
WILLIAM MARTIN. (L.s.)