IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR RIVETTING to be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of No 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in
the county of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF
AND MEANS FOR RIVETTING to be as follows:-
"
According to this invention, rivetting by means of rivet-driving machines is no
longer performed with rivets that are already provided with one heal, but with
simple pins, and the two heads are not formed in two successive operations, but at
once. For this purpose, it is necessary that the plates to be held together by the
rivets should be maintained exactly in the middle of the pin, while the ends of the
latter are compressed. This is effected by the aid of a driver-arın bearing upon
one surface of the plates to be rivetted and advancing with half the speed of the
rivetting dies that approach each other.
In stationary hydraulic rivetting machines, the said driver-arm is preferably
made angular, one branch being guided in a horizontal bore of the upright carrying
the moveable rivetting die, while the other erect branch is adapted to bear, next
to the moveable die, upon the plates to be rivetted. The angular driver-arm is
moved at the required speed by means of a one armed lever, to the middle of which
it is connected and which is also pivotted to the aforesaid upright, and has its free
upper end held by a spring or weight on to the piston moving the rivetting die, so
as to be carried along by the said piston.
In Tweddells Suspended rivetting machine, the driver intended to maintain the
plates to be rivetted upon the middle of the pin of which the rivet is formed, may
be constructed in the shape of an angular lever, pivotted to one of the levers or
jaws carrying the dies, near the joint connecting both jaws and having ono arm
extending along the jaw to which it is pivotted and conveniently projecting
beyond the die, while the other arm is engaged in a guiding ring fastened to the
other jaw.

page_text: I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent do bereby declare
the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND
MEANS FOR RIVETTING." and in what manner the, same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
According to this invention, rivetting by means of rivet driving machines is no
longer performed with rivets that are already provided with one head but with
simple pins, and the two heads are not formed in two successive operations but at
once. For this purpose, it is necessary that the plates to be held together by the
rivets should be maintained exactly in the middle of the pin, while the ends of the
latter are compressed.
This is effected by the aid of a driver arm bearing upon one surface of the platos
to be rivetted and advancing with half the speed of the rivetting dies that approach
each other.
In the annexed sheet of drawings, which form part of this specification and in
which letters similar to those used in the following detailed description, indicate
like parts in all in all the figures.
Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are side elevations of a mechanism, embodying the invention and
especially adapted for stationary hydraulic rivetting machines, the said mechanism
being shewn in three successive stages of its operation.
Fig. 4 illustrates in what manner the invention is carried into effect with
Tweddell's suspended rivetting machine.
Figs. 5 and 6 are a sectional side elevation and front elevation respectively of an
eccentric-press rivetting machine furnished with the aforesaid abutment or driver
arm and means for operating the same.
Fig. 7 shews a mechanism for advancing said abutment or driver arm and
likewise adapted for rivetting machines of all kinds, but for the sake of clearness it
is represented in connection with an eccentric rivetting-press.
Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3 A¹ is the driver-arm of angular form, and having
one branch guided in a horizontal bore of the upright B, in the top portion
of which moves the plunger B¹ to which the moveable rivetting die d is connected.
The other erect branch of the driver arm A' has a horizontal projection c directed
towards the plates C to be rivetted next to the moveable die and destined to
advance said plates C with half the speed of the moveable die d, while pressure
is exerted by both the moveable die d and fixed die d upon the ends of bolt c
inserted into the corresponding bores of plates C, thus always maintaining the said
plates exactly in the middle of bolt e as stated. For this purpose a one-armed
lever A is jointed at a to the upright B, this lever being twice as long as the
distance between the horizontally guided branch of the driver arın A¹ and the
plunger B¹ and its middle portion being connected to the driver-arm A¹ by means
of a pin a projecting from said driver arm through a slot formed in lever A. By
means of the coiled spring b surrounding the outward projecting end of the guided

page_text: branch of the driver-arm, the forked head a¹ of lever A is forced on to the
plunger B¹ so as to be carried along by the same. Obviously the lever A. may as
well be caused to bear on plunger B¹ by a spring or weight arranged in any other
suitable manner,
When the described rivetting machine is operated, the water pressure forces the
plunger B¹ and die d with a certain rate of advance toward the fixed die d';
plunger B¹ carries along the head a¹ of lever A and the said lever carries along
by its middle portion the driver arm A¹. Consequently, the distances passed
through by the moveable die d and the projection c of the driver arm A will be
proportional to the lever arms connected with these moving parts, that is to say
in the ratio of 2:1.
When adapted to Tweddell's suspended rivetting machine, the driver A¹ intended
to maintain the plates to be rivetted upon the middle of the bolt of which the
rivet is to be formed, is constructed in the shape of an angular lever as clearly
shewn in Fig. 4. The said angular lever A' is fulcrumed at a³ on one of the
levers or jaws H, H' carrying the dies d d near the joint connecting both jaws.
One arm of lever A¹ extends along the jaw H to which the lever is pivotted
and carries by its free end a projection o overtopping the die d and destined to
bear upon any carry along the plates to be rivetted. The other arm of lever A¹ is
directed toward the other jaw H and at a distance from the fulcrum a³ equal
to half the length of the lever arm running along jaw H¹, the said other arm is
engaged in an eye or bore f fastened to or formed in the jaw H. In consequence
of this arrangement, when the water under pressure is allowed to enter the
cylinder of the rivetting machine (this cylinder being not shewn in the drawing)
and when the said cylinder draws upward the jaw by means of the connecting
rods while the plunger p forces down jaw H, said jaws turn round their joint h
and the lever arm extending along jaw H¹ (which would be simply carried along
by said jaw if the eye f guiding the other arm of lever A' were fixed to jaw H¹)
is at the same time caused to move, with half the speed of the die d¹ in the inverse
direction; this retrograding of the said lever arm and more especially of its
projection c being caused by the lowering jaw H which draws inward the upright
arm of lever A¹
•
In rivet driving machines, in which the rivetting die d is moved back and forth
by an eccentric g as shewn in Fig. 5 and 6, the driver A' is caused to make
analogous movements with half the speed of the die d by an eccentric g¹, which is
mounted on the same driving shaft k and the eccentricity of which is half as
great as that of eccentric g. The sliding carriage A³ to which the driver arm A'
is fastened, is preferably guided in guides formed in the sliding carriage D of the
moveable die d.
The mechanism shewn by Fig. 7 as performing in an eccentric rivetting press
the office of advancing the driver A' with half the speed of die d, may as well be
used in connection with any other rivetting machine. The driver A³ carries a
pinion which gears with two racks r, r; rack r is fixed to the stationary
standard B of the machine, while rack is connected with the moveable part
carrying the die d, viz. to the sliding carriage D as shown in Fig. 7, or to the
plunger in a hydraulic rivetting machine. As, in operating, pinion g advances
along rack r and rack advances along the moving pinion g, the speed of rack
and consequently that of die d must evidently be twice as great as that of pinion q
and driver A¹.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The herein described method of forming both heads of rivets, by one
operation, in a rivetting machine the said method consisting in causing the plates
to be rivetted, to move forward with half the speed of the rivetting dies
approaching each other by means of a driver arm, which is adapted to advance in

page_text: the same direction as the die or dies, in order to maintain said plates exactly in
the middle of the bolt, substantially as set forth.
2nd The mechanism for adapting a stationary hydraulic rivetting machine for
carrying out the process referred to in claim 1, said mechanism consisting of a
one armed lever A the free end of which is carried along by the plunger B¹, while
its middle is connected to the driver arm A' carrying along the plates C to be
rivetted, substantially as described with reference to Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings.
3rd The mechanism for adapting. Tweddell's suspended hydraulic rivetting
machine for carrying out the process referred to in claim 1, said mechanism
consisting of an angular lever A¹, pivotted to one H₁ of the jaws H H' carrying
the dies & d¹, near the joint h connecting both jaws, and having one arm extending
along the jaw H¹ and provided with a lateral projection c that overtops the die d³,
while the other arm is engaged in a guiding ring f fastened to the other jaw Hat
a distance of the fulcrum as half as great as that of projection c, substantially as
described with reference to Fig. 4.
4th The mechanism for adapting eccentric rivetting presses for carrying out the
process referred to in claim 1, said mechanism consisting in an eccentric g¹, the
eccentricity of which is half as great as that of the eccentric g, which moves
the sliding carriage D of die d said eccentric g lifting and lowering a sliding
carriage A³, to which the driver-arm A³ is fastened substantially as described
with reference to Figs. and 6.
5th The mechanism for adapting rivetting machines for the execution of the
process referred to in claim 1, said mechanism consisting of a pinion q, fixed to the
moveable driver-arm A', and gearing with two racks r, rack being rigidly
connected with the stationary standard of the machine and rack 7 being fastened
to the moveable part of the machine which operates one of the dies d, substantially
as described with reference to Fig. 7.