IMPROVEMENTS IN RUNNERS, TOP NOTCHES, AND OTHER PARTS OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Rubery, of Birmingham, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN RUNNERS, TOP NOTCHES, AND OTHER PARTS OF UMBRELLAS
AND PARASOLS."
Sealed the 3d April 1857, and dated the 22nd January 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Rubery at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd January 1857.
I, JOHN RUBERY, of Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of the
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RUNNERS, TOP NOTCHES, AND OTHER PARTS OF
UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in runners, top notches,
and other parts of umbrellas and parasols. For these purposes, in making
the notches of runners, and also in making top notches of umbrellas and
parasols, I apply malleable cast iron in place of the metals heretofore
employed, and in forming or producing these articles they are cast and annealed,
and are shaped, cut, and finished to the forms desired as when using brass for
such articles. Or, in making the notches, I employ in each case two somewhat
hollow or dished discs of sheet iron or steel. The proper notches are formed
or cut in each of these two discs, and when fixed and combined the two discs
are inverted and come together at their centres, whilst they stand off or are at
a distance from each other at their outer edges; and in finishing such and other
parts of umbrella and parasol furniture when not of brass, I cause them to be
coated with brass by the electrotype process.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Rubery in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
22nd July 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
RUBERY, of Birmingham, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
John Rubery, Her special licence that I, the said John Rubery, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Rubery, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
RUNNERS, TOP NOTCHES, AND OTHER PARTS OF UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Rubery, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Rubery, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in runners, top notches, and
other parts of umbrellas and parasols. For these purposes, in making the
notches of runners, and also in making top notches of umbrellas and parasols,
I apply malleable cast iron in place of the metals heretofore employed, and in
forming or producing these articles they are cast and annealed, and are
shaped, cut, and finished to the forms desired as when using brass for such
articles.
Figure 1 is an edge view, and Figure 2 is a plan, of a ring cast from
mallable cast iron and annealed in the ordinary way; this ring is mounted in
a lathe, and a groove is cut in its edge until it comes to the form shown in the

page_text: edge view, Figure 3. If the ring is to be used as the top notch of an umbrella
or parasol, the notches to receive the ends of the ribs are at once cut in it, as
is shown by the plan, Figure 4, and it is ready for use. If the ring is to be
used as the notch of the runner of an umbrella or parasol it is brazed
on to the runner tube and notches are cut in it, similar to those shown at
Figure 5.
My Invention also consists in making the notches of runners and the top
notches of umbrellas and parasols from two somewhat hollow or dished discs
of sheet iron or steel. The proper notches are formed or cut in each of
these two discs, and when the two discs are fixed or combined together they
are inverted and come together at their centres, whilst they stand off or at a
distance from each other at their outer edges, so as to form a groove to admit
the wire for uniting the stretchers.
Figure 7 is an edge view, and Figure 8 is a plan, of a disc of sheet iron or
steel, which is cut out and stamped to the form shown by a fly press. Figure 9
is an edge view of two of these discs fixed or combined together by brazing
or otherwise, so as to form the top notch of an umbrella or parasol. To form
the notch on the runner of an umbrella or parasol, two rings combined
together, as is shown at Figure 9, are brazed on to the end of the runner
tube.
My Invention also consists in finishing the runners, the top notches, and
other parts of the furniture of umbrellas and parasols when not of brass by
coating them with brass by the electrotype process. For this purpose the
articles of umbrella or parasol furniture are made of steel, iron, or other metal
(not brass) in the usual way, and they are thoroughly cleansed by pickling and
scouring with sand; they are then placed in the depositing bath, and brass is
deposited on them to the desired thickness in the ordinary way.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Rubery, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
HENRY NEWEY,
17, Upper Gough Street,
Birmingham.
JOHN RUBERY. (L.S.)