Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Dec., 1887
Complete Specification Left, 29th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Accepted, 9th Nov., 1888
I HENRY JARMAN of 56 Saint Paul's Road, Bow, in the County of Middlesex
Millwright do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
According to this invention I arrange three or more, but generally four, cylinders
angularly equally distributed around and on the shaft which is to convey the motion
from the engine. I prefer to cast them in one and on a disc which is fixed on the
shaft, the whole being encased in a circular box containing the shaft-bearing. The
pistons are single acting receiving the steam or motive fluid from a steam pipe in the
central part of the engine. The pistons are of plunger form hollow towards
the centre, and the connecting rods are jointed directly thereto, all the connecting rods
being connected to a common fixed centre pin which is eccentric to the shaft and
centre of the three or more cylinders to the extent of half the piston stroke.
I prefer
to connect the connecting rods to their common fixed centre pin by means of a ring
which is free to move and keeps together the bearing pieces on the ends of the con-
necting rods which bearing pieces work against the stationary eccentrically fixed pin.
The steam is admitted to each cylinder by a steam port cast thereon and these com-
municate in succession with the shell of a three-way cock or oscillating valve in the
casing. This cock acts as a stop cock and reversing cock and at the same time can
be set to any required grade of expansion. In connection with the lever for turning
this cock I provide a sweep or quadrant graduated as required. Where very great
regularity of motion is required with a variable load 1 connect the lever with the
governor. The exhaust may pass into the casing as in a steam jacket. By this con-
struction of engine a very high speed may be obtained as all the parts are balanced
and also a great economy because of the high grade of expansion that can conveniently
be used. It is at the same time quickly reversed.
Dated this 20th day of December 1887
HENRY JARMAN.
By Jensen & Son,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Patent Agents.

page_text: Improvements in High Speed Revolving Multiple Cylinder
Engines.
I, HENRY JARMAN of 56 Saint Pauls Road, Bow, in the County of Middlesex,
Millwright, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
According to this Invention I arrange three or more but generally four cylinders
angularly equally distributed around and on the shaft which is to convey the motion
from the engine. 1 prefer to cast them in one and on a disc which is fixed on the
shaft the whole being encased in a circular box containing the shaft bearing. The
pistons are single acting receiving the steam or motive fluid from a steam pipe in the
central part of the engine. The pistons are of plunger form hollow towards the centre,
and the connecting rods are jointed directly thereto, all the connecting rods being
connected to a common fixed centre pin which is excentric to the shaft and centre of
the three or more cylinders to the extent of half the piston stroke. I prefer to connect
the connecting rods to their common fixed centre pin by means of a ring which is free
to move and keeps together the bearing pieces on the ends of the connecting rods
which bearing pieces work against the stationary excentrically fixed pin. The steam
is admitted to each cylinder by a steam port cast thereon and these communicate in
succession with the shell of a three way cock in the casing. This cock has a plug
which acts as a stop cock and reversing cock. In connection with the lever for turning
this cock plug I provide a sweep or quadrant graduated as required.
Where very
great regularity of motion is required with a variable load 1 connect the lever with
the governor. The exhaust may pass into the casing as in a steam jacket or pass off
direct. By this construction of engine a very high speed may be obtained as all the
parts are balanced and also a great economy because of the high grade of expansion
that can conveniently be used. It is at the same time quickly reversed.
With reference to the accompanying drawing Figure 1 is a vertical section of a
four cylinder engine through centre of shaft.
Figure 2 is a vertical section through the four cylinders.
Figure 3 is a vertical section on line X X of the shell or block which contains the
steam passages and cock.
A is a disc which by means of the flange B is rigidly fixed to and revolves with the
shaft C. The latter has its bearing in a sleeve D which sleeve forms part of or is
rigidly attached to the stationary casing E, this latter being bolted to a bedplate or
foundation.
To the disc A. the cylinders G G G G are fixed with their centre lines in one plane
parallel to the face of the disc. Thus the whole of the cylinders with the disc and
shaft are free to revolve together. Sliding and reciprocating in each cylinder is a
piston H jointed to one end of a connecting rod I which at its other end is jointed to
a pin K fixed to the stationary casing E or the block or shell L forming part thereof.
The centre of this pin is placed eccentrically to the centre of the casing to the extent
of about half the pistons stroke as shewn in figure 2 and the pin K has jointed to and
working upon it the whole of the four connecting rods I which at this end are shaped
as segmental bearing pieces M M M M and these four bearing pieces are held
together by a ring N. The block or shell L (which contains the steam passages O
and P and the cock plug Q by means of which the supply of steam is controlled) has
within it a steam space R supplied with steam from the pipe S. From this space R

page_text: the steam passes through the hole O and the passage in the cock plug Q to one or
other of the passages PP depending upon which direction the engine is required to
run, and from the passage P through the port T to the inside of cylinder. In the
drawing the steam is supposed to be just commencing to enter the upper cylinder
and continues to enter freely as long as the mouth of the steam passage T is open to
the steam passage P. When it reaches and is covered by the forward edge of this the
supply of steam is cut off and during the remainder of the outward stroke of the
piston the work is done by the expansion of the steam already admitted which
continues until the piston in its stroke has reached and uncovered a port or ports V, V,
in the walls of the cylinder thus enabling the already expanded steam to escape into
the inside of the casing E (which thus forms a steam jacket to all the cylinders) and
thence by the exhaust pipe W into the atmosphere. The mouths of the steam ports T
present themselves successively to the steam passage P and thus two cylinders are
always doing actual work at the same time while the other two are regaining the
position for commencing their working stroke. The cock which controls the
admission of steam to the passages P P is operated by the lever X behind which is
preferably fixed a quadrant graduated so as to enable the lever Y to be accurately
adjusted to meet the work to be done or in the case of the load varying or where it is
necessary that the speed remains equal this lever can be attached to and operated by
any suitable governor.
To obviate the waste of power which would be caused by the escape of steam
through the wear of the bearing surface of the exterior of the coned block or shell L
and its corresponding interiorly coned surface forming part of or rigidly fixed to
the cylinders. I form the said interiorly coned surface piece with a screw Z upon
its outside which engages with a female thread in a collar a. By turning this collar
(which for that purpose has holes in its periphery in which a rod may be placed for
use as a lever) the interior surface of the piece is drawn longitudinally towards the
exterior surface of the coned block or shell L until the two surfaces in contact have
formed a steam tight working joint.
A pulley or wheel of any suitable kind can be placed on the end of the shaft C
which projects outside the sleeve O from which power can be taken.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First. A revolving cylinder engine consisting essentially of three or more single
acting cylinders enclosed in a stationary casing and disposed radially around and fixed
to the engine shaft and provided with pistons having connecting rods jointed thereto
and working jointly upon a fixed pin which is excentric to the centre of the shaft,
the casing having a bearing for the shaft and a trunnion bearing for the cylinders the
latter revolving on the trunnion which is provided with steam ports corresponding
with ports in the cylinder bearing part, substantially as set forth.
Second. The construction of four cylinder revolving cylinder engine described and
shown.
Third. The construction of shell L with cock plug Q substantially as described and
shown.
Fourth. The ring N in combination with the connecting rod, bearing pieces M. and
fixed pin K substantially as described and shown.
T: 3041
Cantal 1000