Improvements in the Manufacture of Tubes and Hollow Articles of Cardboard, Paper, and the like.
Year: 1890

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Tubes and Hollow Articles of
Cardboard, Paper, and the like.
A. communication from LUDWIG NICOLAI, of Löbtauer Strasse, 20, Dresden, in the
German Empire, Manufacturer.
I, EMIL SALTZKORN of 42 Argyle Square, in the County of Middlesex, Consul,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This invention relates to the manufacture of tubes casks cases and other hollow
articles of paper cardboard and similar materials the invention being particularly
directed to two points; first, the forming of the article with a bottom or end,
and second, to the particular arrangement of the spiral strips of which it is
composed.
The articles may generally be constructed in accordance with the process and
apparatus described in the application for British Patent No. 12238 dated 5 August
1890, the body or walls of the article being composed of spiral strips of the material
provided with adhesive material and laid one over another, in addition to which
there may be also employed longitudinal strips or complete cylinders of suitable
material which may sometimes with advantage be placed inside or outside the main
carcase of the tube formed of the spiral strips.
In applying the bottoms or ends to the articles I prefer to proceed in the manner
which will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, in
which
Figure 1 is a plan of the end or bottom blank,
Figure 2 shows it in the course of application to the case to which it is to be
applied,
Figure 3 represents a portion of a tube with the particular spiral winding
above mentioned, and
Figure 4 is an external elevation of portion of a complete case.
Like letters represent like parts throughout the drawings.
A represents the tube body which in Figures 1 and 2 may be made in any desired
manner, the bottom piece being capable of application even to an ordinary tube made
of a simple sheet of the material rolled up, although for many reasons I prefer
to employ the spiral tubes already described in this Specification. B represents
the blank or end piece which may be flat or embossed convex or concave and C
are radial projecting pieces or bands the formation of which will be sufficiently
understood from Figure 1 of the drawings. Generally the parts B and C would
be stamped out of the same sheet of material and be of the same thickness and
consistency but it will be readily understood that if desired the part B which
forms the bottom of the case may be reinforced by one or more extra thicknesses
of material, either simply as a matter of strength or in order to have a portion
fitting inside the case or if desired the bands C may be made separate from the
centre B and glued or otherwise secured to it as required.
Figure 2 shows the attaching of the end piece to the case or body A. The
bands C as will be seen from Figure 2 are bent up at approximately right
angles to the centre B and this may either be done by bending them over
when B is in position or it may be done with dies by a separate operation, or
at the same time that the blank is cut. The end B is fitted on to or into the
end of the body A and the bands C are then pressed down upon the body A
and secured in position by glueing or the like; in Figure 2 the bands C¹ are
shown pressed down on to the body A, the bands C³ are shown standing out
ית.

page_text: from the body A not yet being pressed down upon it, and the band C³ in an
intermediate position. When attaching these ends to the improved construction
of body above described the bands C may either be all fastened down upon the
body and the subsequent coils wound upon it or a portion of the bands may be first
pressed down then one or more coils of the material may be formed round those then
the remaining bands put down and another coil or coils made around them. If
desired also each band C may have one coil of the paper or material of which the
body A is to be made wound upon it then C may be turned up and the next coil of
the paper made underneath it then C may be turned down and the next coil
made above it and so on the band and coil being thus interwoven. Generally
speaking the bands C may all be fastened down at once upon the body A and
then other coils wound upon them without any alternate winding or interweaving
the adhesive material employed being found to be amply sufficient to hold the
bottom securely. The bands C may be made of any length required so as to
form the longitudinal strips of the case and with this arrangement instead of a
blank B C being struck the blank B would be made to fit the case or vessel
to which it was to be applied and the strips C would then be run along the case
carried over the end and back again on the other side. All the bands C may
be placed entirely inside the body A or entirely outside it and may be covered
or not with a cylindrical shell which may be placed inside or outside the body A.
The arrangement of the spiral coil shown in Figure 3 is as follows, the object
being to obtain either upon the inside of the body A or upon the outside or
both a spiral conformation. This can perhaps be most readily done by making
the last lapping coil or coils of the body of a narrower strip D than those E
underlying it if the spiral is to be on the outside or overlying it if the spiral is
to be on the inside. In Figure 3 the upper portion is in section and the lower
portion is in elevation and both of these refer to an outside spiral, although as
will readily be understood the construction of an inside spiral would be substantially
the same.
Here the bands D and the spaces F between them are of the same
width while the underlying bands E are made broader so as to allow the strips D
to be wider than the spaces G beneath them and thus to overlap the contiguous
bands E and provide holding space for D. The bands D however may be placed
upon an already completed body having a smooth exterior, that is with the edges
of the spirals touching, the coils D being laid without any necessary reference
to the coils below them. Where this superficial spiral arrangement is required
the coils D forming the spiral may with advantage be made of much thicker
material than would be employed for the ordinary strips so as to obtain a good
depth for the spiral. Or several strips may be accurately superposed so as to
form the spiral whether inside or outside the tube.
Generally speaking the articles made according to this invention would be
cylindrical or at least circular in cross section but it should be understood that
the shape of the article depends practically upon the shape of the mandrel upon
which it is formed and that the shape of the article can be varied accordingly.
A smooth or ornamental surface may be produced upon the tube or article by
covering it either outside or inside with paper or other suitable material. The spiral
on the tube may be avoided by making the coils touch.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is -
1. The manufacture of articles such as described with an end or bottom formed
of a centre and radiating bands substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1
and 2 of the accompanying drawings.
2. The manufacture of articles such as described having an end or bottom secured
by means of bands such as C formed in part with or secured to the said bottom or
end and bound or worked in amongst or between the coils of which the body is
composed substantially as described.

page_text: 3. A blank such as B C for the end or bottom of a hollow vessel of cardboard or
the like substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. The process of manufacture of hollow articles of cardboard and the like
consisting in providing a tube or body with a bottom having radially extending
arms which are turned down against and fastened to said body such fastening being
if necessary reinforced by additional strips or bands wound over or alternately over
and under the arms of the bottom piece substantially as described.
5. The manufacture of hollow articles of cardboard paper or the like having an
internal or external spiral formed thereon substantially as described and illustrated
in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 3rd day of December 1890.
EMIL SALTZKORN.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicant.