YET CEXEDIRIMAT MACHINES BAD TREATING SUGAR
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick de Mornay, of 29, Westmoreland Place,
Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention
T
YET CEXEDIRIMAT MACHINES BAD TREATING SUGAR"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick de Mornay
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 13th August 1874.
I, FREDERICK DE MORNAY, of 29, Westmoreland Place, Bayswater,
in the County of Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES FOR
TREATING SUGAR," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to facilitate the removal of sugar from
centrifugal machines after the syrup or molasses has been extracted
therefrom; and the Invention consists in making the ordinary revolving
cylinder or basket in a skeleton form at its exterior circumference, with
a solid disc or plate at the bottom, to which the shaft or spindle by
which the rotary movement is communicated to it is attached as usual.

page_text: The cylinder or basket is divided into partitions in the interior by means
of triangularly shaped pillars or tringles, and I prefer that there should
be, say, eight of these partitions in a cylinder of four feet diameter, and
a corresponding number in proportion with other sized cylinders. Into
these partitions I slide removable baskets or strainers, constructed with
their backs or their sides, which are placed close to the cylinders, of wire
gauze or other convenient straining medium, while their fronts or their
sides nearest to the shaft are open. These removable strainers fit perfectly
into the partition left for them, and form when in place a number of
boxes into which the sugar (as it becomes separated from the molasses
in the rotary movement of the cylinder) becomes collected, the molasses
straining off through the wire gauze and the perforated circumference of
the cylinder. On sufficient sugar having been collected the removable
strainers are removed and the sugar therein allowed to dry, while a
fresh series of strainers is immediately placed into the cylinder and the
operation continued without further interruption.
The sugar when solidified can be readily removed, and will be found
to be in a convenient shape for commercial purposes, since the boxes are
made of a somewhat taper shape to enable the removal of the sugar to
be more readily effected. The great saving of time effected by my
Invention will be at once perceived.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederick de Mornay in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 1st February 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
DE MORNAY, of 29, Westmoreland Place, Bayswater, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirteenth day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Frederick de Mornay, Her special
licence that I, the said Frederick de Mornay, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said. Frederick de

page_text: Mornay, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES FOR TREATING SUGAR," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederick de Mornay,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick de Mornay, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings :-
The object of my Invention is to facilitate the removal of sugar from
centrifugal machines after the syrup or molasses has been extracted
therefrom; and the Invention consists in making the ordinary revolving
cylinders or basket in a skeleton form at its exterior circumference, with
a solid disc or plate at the bottom, to which the shaft or spindle (by.
which the rotary movement is communicated to it) is attached as usual.
The cylinder or basket is divided into partitions in the interior by means
of triangularly shaped pillars or tringles, and I prefer that there should
be, say, eight of these partitions in a cylinder of four feet diameter, and a
corresponding number in proportion with other sized cylinders. Into
these partitions I slide removable baskets or strainers, constructed with
their backs or their sides, which are placed close to the cylinders, of
wire gauze or other convenient straining medium, while their fronts or
their sides nearest to the shaft are open. These removable strainers fit
perfectly into the partitions left for them, and form when in place a
number of boxes into which the sugar (as it becomes separated from the
molasses in the rotary movement of the cylinder) becomes collected, the
molasses straining off through the wire gauze and the perforated circum-
ference of the cylinder. On sufficient sugar having been collected the
removable strainers are taken away and the sugar therein allowed to

page_text: dry, while a fresh series of strainers is immediately placed into tho
cylinders and the operation continued without further interruption.
The sugar when solidified can be readily removed, and will be found
to be in a convenient shape for commercial purposes, since the boxes
are made of a somewhat taper shape to enable the removal of the sugar
to be more readily effected. The great saving of time effected by my
Invention will be at once perceived.
My Invention will be well understood on referring to the accom-
panying Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in
section, of a double centufugal machine with my improvements applied 1
to it; Figure 2 is a plan of same, also partly in section.
Figure 3, a sectional elevation; and Figure 4, a plan of one of the
revolving straining cylinders with the removable strainers in place.
Figure 5, a sectional elevation; and Figure 6, a plan of one of the
revolving straining cylinders with the removable strainers removed; 1
whilst Figures 7, 8, and 9 show respectively a plan, front elevation, and
side view of one of the strainers.
In Figures 1 and 2 A. is the main framing of the machine, carrying at
its upper part on short legs B two cylindrical vessels C, C, open at top
and bottom, as clearly shown; each of these vessels has fitted within it 2
a revolving skeleton cylinder or basket D perforated at its periphery, and
with a solid bottom E formed at its centre with a conical lump F which
forms a centre for receiving the vertical shaft G, on the top of which it
is securely fixed and driven by the key H, the shaft being supported at
the top in a cone bearing T in the main framing A, and at the bottom 2
stepped into the end of a strong adjusting screw J fitted in the lower
part of the main framing, as shewn clearly in Figure 1, the lower end of
the shaft being formed with a male and the upper end of the adjusting
screw with a female cone for the purpose; the periphery K of the
revolving cylinder D is perforated between the triangular-shaped pillars 3
or triangles L, as more clearly seen in the detached views Figures 3 and 5,
and the pillars or tringles are formed with recesses M, as shewn in
Figure 6, to receive and retain in their proper places whilst revolving
the strainers N, which latter are formed of a light metal or other frame P
to act as a support for the wire gauze Q or other material of which the 3
straining medium may be composed. The straining cylinders D, D, are

page_text: rotated by the frictional gearing as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2.
A horizontal shaft R running in bearings S, S, supported in the main
framing A. carries at each end a disc T which drives by friction the
smaller disc or pulley U fitted upon the upright spindles or shaft G; the
horizontal shaft R is furnished at each end with a fixed collar V, between
which and the face of the centre boss of the disc T a strong spiral spring W
is arranged; the large disc T is not a fixture on the shaft R. but is
capable of an end or sliding motion on it; this allows the expanding
action of the spring W to press the working face ✗ of the disc T into
contact with the periphery of the smaller disc U, by which bite is
obtained and the shaft G and perforated cylinder D are driven; the
speed of the perforated cylinders or basket can be regulated to the
greatest nicety by means of the vertical screwed spindle Y and its con-
nection through the lever Z with the small friction disc or pulley U on
the upright shaft G, the screwed spindle Y being fitted at its upper end
with a hand wheel a by which it is rotated, the effect of which is to
raise or lower the smaller disc U on the vertical shaft G, the disc having
a feather sliding in a groove cut in the shape for the purpose.
This
raising and lowering of the disc U takes its periphery and point of
contact nearer to or farther from the centre of the larger disc T, which
has the effect of reducing or increasing the speed of the vertical shaft
and perforated cylinder, as required. A vertical spindle Y and lever Z
are fitted at each end of the machine to govern the speed of the per-
forated cylinders respectively, as shewn in plan view, Figure 2. The
horizontal shaft R is furnished at its centre with a small band pulley b
so that it can receive its motion by means of a band or strap from a
steam engine or other prime mover.
The action of the machine is as follows:-The syrup or molasses from
which the sugar is to be extracted is fed into the perforated cylinders D,
the rapid revolution of the same causing it to be thrown by the centri-
fugal force thus generated into the straining boxes placed round its
periphery, and the syrup or molasses to ooze or to be driven through the
straining medium Q of the straining boxes, and through the perforations
in the periphery of the straining cylinders D, D, and to collect and fall
into the annular groove or gutter c provided at the lower edge of the
periphery of the outer cylinder c, from which it can be drawn or run by
the outlet d into any other vessel as desired; the sugar gradually collects
in the straining boxes, which when full are removed and another

page_text: empty set of boxes inserted in the machine, thus causing very little
delay and rendering the operation almost continuous, the contents of the
full boxes being allowed to dry and solidify when their contents can be
easily removed, and the shape of the blocks of sugar will be found of a
convenient form as an article of commerce.
When white lump sugar is desired to be made nothing more is
necessary than to throw some white syrup or other whitening medium
into the sugar into the machine and allow it to pass through it at a high
speed after the first draining process and before removing it from the
machine..
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First. The arrangement of the centrifugal machines for treating sugar
substantially as herein-before described and shewn in the accompanying
Drawings.
Secondly. In constructing the ordinary revolving cylinder or basket
of centrifugal machines for treating sugar in a skeleton form, and in the
use therewith of removable baskets or strainers of wire gauze or similar
straining material, as herein-before described and shewn in the accom-
panying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick de Mornay, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Fourth day of November, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.
JOHN MCKINNON,
Iron Founder,
Aberdeen,
Witness.
FRED. DE MORNAY. (L.s.)