Year: 1886

page_text: I, EZRA WILLIAM VAN DUZEN of Newport Campbell C° State of Kentucky,
U.S.A. Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The outer shell of the purifier is preferably of a cylindrical form. This shell is
provided with a top which may be made dome-shaped. Within this shell are
placed a series of catch basins or settling pans one above the other.
The means of supporting these catch basins are, three or more legs, which
project downwardly and preferably extend below the bottom of the catch basin
which they support. Near to, but located above the top of the catch basin is a
deflecting ring whose periphery is close against the interior surface of the shell.
These rings may be supported by the shell or by extending the legs upward
above the catch basins and resting the rings upon their upper ends. The legs of
the lowest catch basin are supported by an annular flange on the inner side of the
shell. Each ring in turn supports the catch basin next above. This series of rings
and basins are suitably held firmly in position by making the interior diameter of
the top, where the latter meets the shell, less than the interior diameter of the
shell, and thus causing the head to extend anto, and press down the uppermost
ring, the location of the flange supporting the basins being adjusted so that the
uppermost ring shall come up to the lower portion of the top. In the bottom or
lower portion of each catch basin is one or more openings; when two openings are
present they are preferably placed at opposite sides of the centre of the basin.
A valve lying upon and fitting the bottom of the basin covers or uncovers at
will by any desired means its respective opening. The preferred means for
operating the valve consists of a vertical rod or shaft, preferably square, actuated
by a hand wheel above and passing down through collars attached to the valves.
For locking the shaft when the openings in the basins are closed by the valves
a locking arm is pivoted at its lower end to a support secured to the head The
upper end of the locking arm engages a recess in the wheel.
Scrapers are provided for cleaning the basins and rings-consisting of two vertical
wings attached to the opposite sides of the collars fixed to the valves of each catch
basin, These scrapers are so shaped as to scrape the inside of the catchbasin, the
under side and legs of the basin above and the deflecting ring The shaft turns the
scrapers as well as the valve.

page_text: For preventing the basins and rings from rotating within the shell, a vertical rib
is connected to the inside of the shell serving to hold a notch in the periphery of
each basin. The notches are arranged with reference to the catch basins that the
valve opening or openings in each basin will be at least 90° away from those at the
basin next above it.
I employ this purifier for a two fold purpose, the first purpose is to take
the water from the boiler and clean it and return it thereto.
For this purpose one end of the feed pipe from the boiler to the purifier is
located just below the surface of the water in the boiler, The other end com-
municates with the upper part of the purifier.
The exit pipe for delivering water after passing through the purifier to the
boiler passes from the purifier above the settling chamber in the base of the same,
and below the lowest catch basin, into that end of the boiler which is opposite
where the inlet pipe enters and terminates at a lower level than that end of the
latter which is in the boiler. The pressure of steam on the water in the boiler
forces the water through the inlet pipe into the purifier. The water thus intro-
duced into the purifier will become somewhat cooled and return through the exit.
pipe into the boiler. The fresh feed water also enters the purifier together with
the water from the boiler. This mixed water now passes down inside the first
ring into the first upper catch basin. It then passes outward over the edge and
under the first ring and striking against the shell is deflected towards the center of
the basin next below. In the same manner the water passes down through each
basin of the purifier. As it passes into each basin the foreign matter in the water
sediment and heavy impurities are thrown downward in the centre of the catch
basin and settle there, while the water passes over the upper edge of the basin.
After leaving the lowest basin the water enters a chamber and, depositing any
remaining impurities it may contain, passes out of the pipe to the boiler.
The second purpose for which the purifier can be used is as a feed-water heater.
For this purpose the exhaust steam from the engine is caused to enter the heater
preferably through an inlet below, and pass out at an outlet above.
In cleaning the purifier, the supply of fresh feed water is stopped, a blow off
pipe opened and the locking arm disconnected from the wheel, and steam is allowed
to pass through the apparatus.
The shaft is rotated and the valves and scrapers are moved round in the catch
basins, thereby scraping the mud and sediment from the catch-basins, legs and
rings. The pressure of steam in the purifier forces all the sediment down through
the openings in the basins and out through the blow off pipe.
When the purifier has been sufficiently cleansed, the openings in the catch basins
are closed, the shaft is locked in position and the blow off pipe closed.
Dated this 6th day of Annil 1886

page_text: Improvements in Boiler Cleaners and Feed Water Heaters.
I, EZRA WILLIAM VAN DUZEN of Newport, Campbell County, State of Kentucky,
United States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained, in and by the following statement:—
My invention relates to boiler cleaners and feed water heaters, the several
features thereof and the advantages resulting from their use conjointly or otherwise
will be apparent from the following description and claims.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 represents a purifying apparatus illustrating my invention, the central
portion of the outer shell being shown in section, and the rest of the apparatus in
clevation, the parts being in their working position.
Fig. 2 represents a similar view of the same apparatus, except that the basal
portion is omitted, the parts being in position for being flushed and cleaned.
Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of the pipes connecting the purifier with the
boiler.
Fig. 4 represents a perspective view showing a catch basin, its preferred supports
and scraper and valve in position for cleaning the catch basins.
Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of the catch basin.
Fig. 6 is a plan view of the catch basin.
Fig. 7 represents in perspective a view of the valve without the scrapers.
Fig. 8 represents a vertical central section of dome or top B showing the pre-
ferred manner in which top scraper and shaft G are held in place by collars E¹ and
stuffing box of valve.
The outer exterior shell A of the purifier is preferably of a cylindrical form as
shown. This shell is provided with a top B, which may preferably be made dome
shaped as shown. Within this shell A are placed a series of catch basins or settling
pans C, one above the other.
These catch basins may be made of any suitable form. Some of these suitable
forms are cylindrical shells and having a bottom or segments of a hollow sphere,
or of a truncated cone as shown, but the form I prefer is that of the truncated
cone.
The scrapers D are vertical plates shaped to fit the inner surface of the pan in
which they rest and their upper edge corresponding in outline to the bottom of
the settling pan above. Each pair of scrapers has a centre picce E which
unites them.
The preferred means of supporting these catch basins are as shown, the legs e,
three or more in number, and which project downwardly and preferably extend
below the bottom of the catch basin which they support. Near to, but located
above the top of the catch basin, is a deflecting ring el, whose periphery is close
against the interior surface of the shell A.
This deflecting ring may consist of one ring or a series of deflecting rings. This
ring or rings et may be supported by the shell A, or in any other suitable manner.
A preferred mode of supporting is to make the catch basin or its supports uphold

page_text: the ring, and in the present instance, I carry out this mode of supporting the
ring by extending the legs e upward above the catch basins and resting the rings
upon their upper ends.
For convenience of manufacture and in putting the apparatus together and
taking it apart, and other reasons, the ring e¹, legs e, and the catch basin C are all
cast together in one and the same piece.
The legs of the lowest catch basin are suitably supported. I have shown a
preferred means of supporting this lowest basin, viz-by an annular flange e² cast
or otherwise attached to the inner side of the shell A. On this flange the legs
of the lowest catch basin rest. The ring c¹ next above the lowest basin C affords
a convenient support for the legs of the catch basin next above, and the ring
next above this last named basin affords a support for the legs of the basin next
above. Thus each ring e' in turn supports the catch basin next above throughout
the upward extent of the whole of the principal portion of the shell. This series
of rings and basins are suitably held down firmly in position. A desirable means
for thus holding them consists of making the interior diameter of the top or head B
(where the latter meets the shell A) less than the interior diameter of the shell A,
and thus causing the head B to extend on to and press down the uppermost
ring e¹, the location of the flange e² or equivalent support, and the inter relative
height of the basins and rings being previously adjusted so that the uppermost
ring e' shall come up to the lower portion of the top or head B.
Instead of making the interior diameter of the top B every where less than the
interior diameter of the shell A, legs or projections might project inwardly from
said top B, at suitable points around the interior of said top.
By screwing or otherwise fastening down the head B to the shell the series of
rings and basins are likewise held firmly in position.
A preferred means for preventing the basins and rings from rotating within the
shell A, consists as follows:
A vertical head or rib S is cast or connected to the inside of shell A. In the
periphery of the ring el is a notch t, and when the basin C and its ring e¹ is slipped
into the shell, the rib S enters the notch t and prevents the ring and basin from
turning. The notches are preferably arranged, with reference to the catch basins,
that the notch in the lowest ring being opposite one point, as for illustration
say V, Fig. 6, the notch in the ring over and belonging to the basin next above is
at a point 90° away, say for such illustration, W2 of the said second basin, the
notch on the ring immediately above or over the third basin is again at the
point V of said third basin, and the notch on the ring immediately over the fourth
basin is at the point W again with reference to said fourth basin, and thus the
position of the valve opening or openings c (to be hereinafter described) in each
basin will be at least 90° away from those at the basin next above it. By making
two notches in the periphery of the ring c¹, 90° apart, the same pattern will do for
casting all of the basins with their legs and rings.
In the bottom or lower portion of the catch basin is one or more openings c, of
any desired shape. Two of such openings is the preferred number, and when two
are present they are preferably at opposite sides of the vertical axial centre of the
basin.
A suitable valve preferably lying upon and fitting the bottom of the basin is
present, and this valve covers or uncovers at will, through the agency of any
desired means, its respective opening c. The preferred means for operating the
valve consists of a vertical rod or shaft G preferably square, and passing down
through a collar E having a correspondingly shaped opening, the shaft G engages
the collar. This collar is attached to the valve d, and where there are two open-
ings c arranged as shown, the two valves are respectively located at opposite sides
of the collar.
By turning the shaft G, the valve or valves are moved on the basin. Preferred
means for operating the collar consists in extending the shaft G through a suitable
air tight joint or stuffing box in the top B of the shell, and above the said top,

page_text: and connecting to the top of the shaft G a hand wheel or crank H. Turning the
wheel H rotates the shaft G and moves the valve or valves in each catch basin.
Preferred means for preventing the shaft G from slipping up through the top B,
consists of a collar, as E', enclosing and fastened by a set screw or other suitable
means to the shaft G directly beneath the top of the interior of head B.
Preferred means for preventing the shaft G from slipping down through the
catch basins consists of a collar as El enclosing and fastened by set screw or other
suitable means to the shaft G, and resting down on the collar E of the uppermost
valve..
It becomes desirable to lock the shaft G when the openings in the catch basins
are closed by their respective valves and any suitable mode of locking is to be
adopted. A desirable mode is as follows: A pawl or locking arm I is pivoted at
its lower end to a support i cast or otherwise secured to the head B. The upper
end of this pawl engages the wheel or crank H preferably by engaging as shown a
recess or opening h, with which latter the said wheel or crank H is provided.
For the purpose of cleaning the under side of the bottom of the catch basin, and
of cleaning any portion of the upper surface of the bottom of the catch basin which
may not be occupied by the valves, and for the purpose of cleaning the deflecting
plate or ring e¹, I employ a device which I will term a scraper and which is
preferably constructed as follows:
The scraper consists of two wings D D, located respectively at the opposite sides
of the collar E and attached thereto. Each wing is preferably attached also to the
valve which lies on each side of the collar, E. The wings are preferably cast
together in one piece. The bottom edge of the wing at the outer end of the valve
descends and impinges directly on the upper surface of the bottom of the catch
basin. This part of the wing which thus impinges I will indicate by letter p.
The wing also projects over in projection p¹, and scrapes the upper edge of the
catch basin. The wing impinges against the inner surface of the deflecting ring e¹,
and also projects over in projection p² and scrapes all or a portion of the upper side
of ring el. The outer vertical edge p³ of the scraper cleans the inner side of the
legs e of the catch basin above, and the extensions of legs e which support the
ring e¹ immediately over the catch basin in which the scraper is located. Tho top
edge p of each wing of the scraper scrapes the bottom of the basin next above.
As the scraper is fixed to the collar E, the rotation of the shaft G turns the
scrapers as well as the valve.
I employ this purifier for a two fold purpose: the first purpose is to take the
water from the boiler and clean it and return it thereto.
This operation I will first describe:-The feed pipe M from the boiler to the
purifier is preferably at its end in the boiler provided with a suitable skimmer P.
This end of the inlet feed pipe M is located just below the surface of the water in
the boiler. The other end of the feed pipe M communicates with the interior of the
shell at K, being connected to the purifier near or at the top of the latter. The
exit pipe N for delivering water (after passing through the purifier) to the boiler,
communicates with the interior of the purifier near the bottom preferably above the
settling chamber V, and below the lowest catch basin. The exit pipe N passes into
that end portion of the boiler which is opposite where the inlet pipe enters and
passes down into the boiler, and this end of this pipe N is lower than that' end of
pipe M which is in the boiler. The pressure of steam on the water in the boiler
forces the water through the pipes M. and K into the purifier. The water thus
introduced into the purifier will become somewhat cooled, and will fall and seek an
outlet through exit pipe N into the boiler. Thus a circulation of water through the
purifier is established. This circulation is preferably accelerated as follows:-
I cause the feed water which is to be fed to the boiler (to supply the deficiency
of water caused by evaporation) by the feed pump or feed inspirator or other
suitable means to pass into and through the purifier. This feed water from the
pump passes through a pipe, as L, into the purifier. Preferably an injector W is

page_text: located at the junction W₁ of the pipe L, and the pipe M; and this reed wa
passes through the injector before reaching the purifier.
The pipe M is also preferably connected to the injector as shown, and thus the
water from the boiler will pass through the injector on its way to the purifier.
The ejector will thus aid in rapidly drawing the water from the boiler and sending
it into the purifier. The ejector may be placed in the pipe N, the pipe L being
connected to the pipe N at the ejector. The ejector will in such event draw water
from the boiler into the purifier; but such a mode is not as desirable as the other
mode, as in such case the fresh feed water from the feed pump or like source, will
pass into the boiler directly, and without first passing through the purifier, and the
heavier portions of sediment and dirt held in suspension in the fresh feed water
will be dropped in the boiler instead of in the purifier. Water when boiled will
more readily deposit the matter it has carried in solution and suspension: Thus
the feed water passes into the pipe N and directly thence into the boiler without
first passing through the purifier, it will be first heated in the boiler, and will
deposit in the boiler most of the heavier portions of the matter which it has
heretofore held in suspension and solution.
The mode in which my purifier operates is as follows:-
The fresh feed water through the pipe L passes through ejector W, and enters
the purifier, and in this the ejector draws boiling water from the boiler through
pipe M and forces it rapidly into the purifier along with the fresh feed water
coming from pipe L. The fresh feed water being mixed with the boiling water
from the boiler is heated and in better condition for depositing the matters it has
held in suspension and solution. This mixed water from the boiler and pipe L now
passes down inside the first ring and moves towards and into the first upper catch
basin C. It now seeks an outlet over the upper edge of the first basin and passes
outward over said edge and under the said first ring e¹, and striking against the
interior of the shell or cylinder A is deflected towards the central portion of the
catch basin C next below. It again moves outwardly over the edges of the basin,
and under the ring immediately above the said basin, and passing downward and
outward it again strikes against the shell A and is again deflected inward toward
and into the central portion of the next catch basin. In the same manner the
water passes down through the purifier, coming successively into each catch basin.
As it passes towards and into each catch basin, the heavier portion, namely, the
foreign matter in the water, as sediment, other dirt, and heavy impurities are
thrown downward and toward the centre of the catch basin and settle down there,
while the water freed from such impurities passes over the upper edge of the basin.
Ordinarily, the water in the lower central portion of the basin is comparatively
quiet.
The water coming rapidly into the catch basin imparts to the dirt and sediment
it (the water) contains, a momentum which projects these foreign matters down
into the centre of the basin, beyond the current of water which is moving outwardly
over the edge of the basin, and thus these foreign matters are projected into the
still water in the centre of the basin and settle quietly down there. Thus in
passing down from basin to basin, the water is freed from all of the largest portion
of the sediment, dirt etc which it contained when it entered the purifier.
After leaving the lowest basin the water may pass directly into the outlet pipe N
but preferably enters a mud chamber V, and, depositing any remaining impurities,
(usually lighter vegetable matter) it may contain, passes out of the pipe N, the
opening from the shell A into pipe N being preferably at the upper portion of the
mud chamber. Thus the water purified by the purifier passes into the boiler and
there mixes with the other water in the boiler.
The water from the boiler is continually being drawn out of the boiler from the
other end and along with fresh feed water is passed through the purifier, and the
impurities abstracted therefrom. During this operation no heat is wasted except
that little which may be lost by radiation from the purifier and its connecting

page_text: pipes, and if said purifier and pipes are jacketed the loss of heat is merely
nominal.
The direction of the current of water through the purifier may be reversed, the
inlet pipe K being located in the lower portion of the purifier, and the exit pipe N
in the upper portion of the purifier. The water will then pass upward through
the purifier, and passing up outside of a catch basin will be forced inward by the
deflecting ring e¹ next above said basin, and then passing outward over the ring
will again pass up between the shell A and the next catch basin above, and be
deflected on this catch basin by the next higher ring and thus it will pass upward
over successive catch basins. The mode in which the sediment and dirt will be
deposited will be substantially the same as in the case where the water passes
downward through the purifier.
I prefer however to pass the incoming current of water down through the
purifier and out at the lower portion thereof, as first mentioned.
As before mentioned, when the end of exit pipe N in the boiler is lower than
the inlet end of the pipe M in the boiler, the injector may be dispensed with, and
also when desired, the addition of the fresh feed water from the pipe L may also
be dispensed with and a slow movement of water from the boiler through the
purifier and back to the boiler will take place. Thus the purifier can well be used
as boiler cleaner, without being used as a feed water cleaner.. So also the com-
munication through pipe M from the boiler may be cut off, and a suitable exit pipe
be presented and the purifier will then work upon and to a great extent purify the
fresh feed water to be finally used in the boiler.
When the device is used simply or primarily as a feed water heater and purifier,
the pipe M will be omitted, and the fresh feed water will enter through the inlet
pipe K, which latter will be elongated in the shell so as to deliver the water over
or nearly over the centre of the first basin:
The outlet pipe N will in such event pass to a pump, inspirator or other
apparatus for taking the water from the purifier and forcing it into the boiler.
The water in the purifier may (and usually will) in such event be heated by the
exhaust steam from the engine, and will enter the heater A preferably through an
inlet as Y, and pass up through the heater, and out at the outlet Z, this inlet
pipe and outlet pipe Z being shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3. In such event
an additional scraper is located in the mud chamber U and operated by and in
connection with the shaft G.
As the water passes through the purifier, more or less mud will adhere to the
bottom of the basin and to the legs and to the deflecting ring; and where much
vegetable matter is mingled with the water, as in the case where paper mills,
sewers, gas works, etc, empty their refuse into the water, the deposit of matter at
said points in the purifier will be very great, and the scrapers become very
important.
In cleaning the purifier the steps preferably followed are as follows: The supply
of fresh feed water is stopped by closing a valve as X, and closing the valve I in
the pipe M and closing the valve J in the pipe N, and opening the blow-off valve
in the blow-off pipe O and unlocking devices by disconnecting the rod I from the
wheel H.
The shaft G is rotated and the valves and scrapers are moved around in the
catch basins. The openings c in the catch basins are uncovered. The valves and
scrapers scrape the upper surface of the bottom or lower portion of the catch
basins, and the scrapers scrape the underside or bottom of the catch basins and the
inner side of the legs and the inner and upper surfaces of the rings e¹ removing
therefrom the deposit of mud, sediment, matter etc, which is adhering to them.
The pressure of steam in the purifier, forces all the mud, sediment, refuse matter,
etc, down through the openings of the basins and out through blow off pipe O.
To facilitate the removal of mud, etc, from the purifier the valve I', may be
suddenly opened for a short period of time, and the sudden rush of water from the
boiler will supplement in cleaning out the purifier. This valve I¹ may again be

page_text: closed to cleanse the purifier. Fresh feed water may now be admitted for a short
time through the pipe L to the purifier, to wash the basins and scrapers and valves
clean, the valves and scrapers being rotated a few times to assist the fresh feed
water in cleansing the purifier. When the purifier has been sufficiently cleansed;
the openings in the catch basins are closed, the shaft G is locked in position, and
the blow off pipe O is closed.
The preferable mode of now employing the purifier is as follows: The communi-
cation between the boiler and the purifier through pipes M and N is now again
gradually established, and then the fresh feed water is again fed to the purifier.
In using the purifier principally as a feed water heater and purifier, the mode of
cleansing same is preferably as follows:-I close the valve in the pipe between the
heater and the pump. I cut off the fresh water in the feed pipe, and I open the
blow off or exit mud pipe O in the bottom of the heater and rotate the shaft G to
loosen up the mud etc, on the catch basins (heating pans) C and uncover the
openings c in the basins, and the water in the basin flowing through the purifier
will flow out at the exit pipe O and carry off the mud, dirt, lime, etc, contained in
or on the pans.
I now turn on the fresh feed or supply water and rinse out the basins and the
purifiers. When the basins are sufficiently rinsed, the openings in the basins C
are closed and the shaft G locked. I close the exit pipe O and open the communi-
cation between the heater and the pump.
The valves may (when preferred) be extended so as to scrape the upper surface
of the entire bottom of the basin. When the deposit of vegetable and other matter
in the underside of the basins is little or nothing, the scrapers may be dispensed
with.
The number and shape of the catch basins may be varied at pleasure. The
preferred shape is that of a truncated cone. When the catch basins are of certain
forms, as for instance, cylindrical, the opening or openings c in the bottom of the
basin, may be retained and the valve or valves be dispensed with, a scraper or
When desired, the
scrapers being retained to scrape the mud from the basins.
valves, either the valves or scrapers or both may be stationary, and the catch
basins be rotated, and yet be included under certain prominent features of the
invention.
While the various features of the invention are preferably employed together,
One or
one or more of said features may be employed without the remainder.
more of said features may, as far as applicable, be employed in communication
with purifiers other than those specifically herein described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a purifier, the catch basin having an opening or openings c in its lower
portion, and valve for closing said opening or openings, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth.
2. In a purifier, a shell A and a series of catch basins located within the shell,
and placed one above the other, the basins having openings c in their bottom
or lower portions, and a valve or valves for opening and closing said openings,
substantially as described.
3. In a purifier, the catch basin having opening c, and valve for closing said
opening, and deflecting ring or device e¹ located above the edge of the basin,
substantially as described.
4. In a purifier, a series of catch basins located one above the other, and having
openings c, and deflecting rings e¹, each one of said rings being located proximately
above its respective basin, substantially as described.
5: The shell A, and a catch basin having legs e at or near the periphery of the
basin, and ring e¹ located above the basin and supported on extensions e.

page_text: 6. The shell A, and a catch basin having legs e at or near the periphery of the
basin, and ring e¹ located above the basin and supported on the extensions e, all
cast together in one piece, and the basin having openings c, and valve, substantially
as described.
7. The shell A and catch basins having legs e, and rings el supported on
extensions e resting on the upper legs of its respective basin, the legs e.of all
except the lowest basin resting on the ring e¹ of the basin next below, substantially
as described.
8. The shell A having ring e affixed to its interior and catch basin or basins
having legs e and a ring e¹, located above its respective catch basin, the legs e and
the periphery of the ring e¹ being in substantially the same vertical plane, sub-
stantially as described.
9. The shell A and catch basins having legs e; and rings el supported on
extensions e resting on the upper legs of its respective basin, the legs e of all
except the lowest basin resting on the ring e¹ of the basin next below, the basins
having openings c, and valves for closing and opening same, substantially as
described.
10. In a purifier, two or more catch basins arranged one above the other and
having openings c and valve for closing and opening said openings, the opening on
the one catch basin being located to one side of (that is not directly over) the
opening in the catch basin next below.
11. In a purifier, two or more catch basins arranged one above another and
having openings c, and valve for closing and opening said openings, the openings in
the one catch basin being located to one side of (that is) not directly over) the
opening in the catch basin next below and rings e¹, one of said rings being near
and above its respective catch basin, substantially as described.
12. In a purifier, two or more catch basins arranged one above another and
having openings c and valves, the openings c of one catch basin being located
therein, so as to be to one side of (that is, not directly over) the opening in the
catch basin next above, each basin being provided with notch or notches t in its
periphery, and the shell A provided with head or rib S for engaging with said
notch, substantially as described.
13. In a purifier, a catch basin or basins having openings c and rotable valves d,
and shaft G for rotating said valves, substantially as described.
14. In a purifier, the catch basins provided with openings and valves, the valves
having collar E and the shaft G for rotating said valves, substantially as described.
15. In a purifier, the catch basin or basins having opening or openings c, each
basin having a valve d, and the shaft G for rotating the valve or valves, and a
locking device for locking the shaft G and the valves so that they cannot rotate,
substantially as described.
16. In a purifier, the catch basin or basins having opening or openings c, each
basin having a valve d, and the shaft G for rotating the valve or valves, and the
arm I pivoted at i, and the hand wheel H provided with recess h for locking the
shaft G, and the valves, substantially as described.
17. In a purifier, the catch basin or basins having one or more openings c, and
one or more scrapers for cleaning the basin, substantially as described.
18. In a purifier, the catch basin having opening or openings in the bottom, and
valve or valves for controlling said opening or openings, and one or more scrapers
for cleaning the upper surface at the bottom of the basin, substantially as described.
19. In a purifier, the catch basin having openings c, and valve d, and scrapers D
touching the upper surface of the bottom of the basin where the valve does not
touch, substantially as described.
20. In a purifier, the catch basins having openings c, and valve d, and scrapers D
touching the under surface of the basin next above, substantially as described.
21. In a purifier, the catch basins having openings c and valve d, and scrapers D
touching the upper surface of one .basin and the under surface of the basiù next
above, substantially as described.

page_text: 22. In a purifier, the catch basins having openings c, and valve d, and rings e¹,
and scrapers D touching the rings e¹ and the basins, substantially as described.
23. The series of catch basins provided with opening or openings c, valves and
scrapers, and rings el, and fresh feed supply at pipe K, exit water pipe N leading
to the pump and exhaust steam inlet Y and outlet Z, substantially as described.
24. The series of stationary catch basins provided with opening or openings c,
and central opening T, and shaft G and scrapers, substantially as described.
25. The series of stationary catch basins provided with opening or openings c
and central opening T, and shaft G and scrapers, and the valves, substantially as
and for the purpose specified.