Improvements in the Manufacture or Production of Ornamental Metallic Tubes and in Tools and Machinery to be Employed therefor.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Jan.. 1887
Complete Left, 25th Oct., 1887
Complete Accepted, 25th Jan., 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture or Production of Ornamental
Metallic Tubes and in Tools and Machinery to be Employed
therefor.
I, GEORGE JAMES WILLIAMS of the firm of Williams Brothers and Company of
Pershore Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
11
This invention relates first, to the production of beaded tubes, or tubes having
bullet beadings running or disposed at right angles to the axes of the said tubes; or
otherwise tubes ornamented by a series of parallel equidistant, or other arranged rings
or annulases, which may be either convex, concave or partly convex or concave, and
which convex or concave rings, may be beaded, fluted, ribbed, milled, or otherwise
ornamented as may be desired.
Secondly, in tools and appliances to be used in the production of the said cross
ringed tubes as hereinafter described.
In carrying out my invention I proceed as follows:-
I take a plain tube, and fix it concentrically upon a mandril, of a diameter equal to
the internal bore, which the tube shall have after having been ornamented. This tube
and mandril are then rotated together, and a tool in the form of a roller, of the
counterpart of the pattern which is to be produced upon the tube, is then advanced,
and made to impress its acting surface, or surfaces, into or upon the metal of the
tube, and thereby impress inwards or produce parallel cross rings, which may be
convex or concave, or partly convex or partly concave; or the ornamentations may
be convex beadings, with shouldered convex, and concave parts.
Or the convex or concave beading which represent scollops when the tube in
sectioned longitudinally, may have bands raised in relief, with or between the ruts or
impressed portions of the rings aforesaid, and which raised or embossed bands may be
milled, ornamented or otherwise patterned in any desired way.
By producing tubes ornamented by raised or embossed and sunken rings, as
indicated, a very ornamental and novel effect is thereby imparted to the said tube, so
Arnamented
.

page_text: The tool may be built up of a series of wheel like parts, strung upon a spindle, and
with their respective acting faces (when forming beadings) Vd outwardly, which
embrace the contiguous sides of two adjacent beadings.
The tool employed, may if necessary be composed of three rollers, mounted upon
carrying beds or arms, which are made to advance towards a common centre, by being
worked through the intervention of excentrically slotted plates, or other equivalent
means for causing the said rollers to advance and retire in a constant and uniform
manner, for the gathering in or channeling at points of the tube being operated
upon.
The tools are preferably worked in an intermittent manner, by means of sliding and
stop mechanism; thus after, say 3 or 4 inches of the beading have been done, another
portion of the plain part of the tube is then advanced through a proper distance, and
a second length shaped or produced, and so on until the whole length has been shaped
and ornamented as may be desired.
Half beadings may be shaped exactly in the same manner, by placing two half round
tubes together, and shaping them when combined as aforesaid.
Taper tubes, as well as plain tubes, may be ornamented or beaded as described.
If necessary, the supporting internal mandril may be made in the form of a roller
(with patterns upon it) which may be made to rotate in unison with the outer roller
or rollers, while the said tube is made to rotate in an excentric manner; or be
stationary with respect to the impressing tools or rollers.
Dated this Twenty fourth day of January 1887.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture or Production of Ornamental
Metallic Tubes and in Tools and Machinery to be Employed
therefor.
I, GEORGE JAMES WILLIAMS of the firm of Williams Brothers and Company of
Pershore Street Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to the ornamentation of metallic tubes, and which said
ornamentation, consists in producing upon the said tubes or tubings, bullet or other
like beadings, flutings, ribbings, or the like, in a horizontal direction; that is, the
beadings or ornaments as aforesaid, run in directions at right angles to the axis or
axes. of a tube or tubings; so that the said ornaments, are arranged as a series of
parallel and equidistant rings, or annuluses, convexed or concaved, or partly con-
vexed, and partly concaved, with or without plain parts; and which said convexed,
concaved or plain parts, may be milled, ribbed or otherwise ornamented, as may be
desired.
In carrying out my invention, I proceed as follows.
I take a plain tube, and fix it concentrically upon a mandril, of a diameter equal
to the internal bore of the inner rings, which the tube shall have, after it has been
ornamented. This tube and mandril, are then rotated together, and a tool, preferably
in the form of a roller, of the counterpart of the pattern which is to be produced upon
the tube, is then advanced, and made to impress its acting surface, or surfaces, and
pattern or patterns, on, or upon the metal of the tube, thereby producing parallel
cross rings, which may be convex, or concave or partly convex, or partly concave ;
or the ornamentations may be convex beadings, with shouldered convex, and concave
parts.
Or the convex, or concave beadings, which represent scollops, when the tube is
sectioned longitudinally, may have bands raised in relief, in, or between the ruts, or
impressed portions of the rings aforesaid, and which raised or embossed bands, may
be milled, ornamented or otherwise patterned, in any desired way.
By producing tubes, ornamented by raised or embossed and sunken rings, as
indicated, a very ornamental and novel effect is thereby imparted to the said tube, so
ornamented.
The spinning or impressing tool, may be made, or built up of a series of wheel
like parts, strung upon a spindle, and with their respective acting faces (when forming
beadings) Ud outwardly, so as to embrace the contiguous sides of two adjacent
beadings.
The means for impressing the annuluses or rings, may consist of three rollers, or
three series of rollers, carried by spindles, whose respective bearing axes, work within
carrier brackets sliding in radial box channels, in the outer framing of the apparatus.

page_text: The inner faces of the carrier brackets, are cut with tangential rack teeth, with
which the threads of a face screw or helix, cut upon the flat of a turning plate
engages. This plate has bevel teeth cut upon its outside face, with which a bevel
pinion or pinions engage. The plate on being rotated in one direction, causes the
rollers to approach each other, and so collectively impress themselves upon the sides
of a tube placed between them, and thus gather in, channel, or ornament the said tube
operated upon.
The tools are preferably worked in an intermittent manner, by means of sliding
and stop mechanism; thus, after, say 3 or 4 inches of the beading have been done,
another portion of the plain part of the tube, is then advanced through a proper
distance, and a second length shaped or produced, and so on, until the whole length
has been shaped, and ornamented, as may be desired.
Half beadings may be shaped exactly in the same manner, by placing two half
round tubes together, and shaping them when combined, as aforesaid.
Taper tubes as well as plain tubes, may be ornamented, or beaded, as described.
The supporting internal mandril, may have patterns formed upon it, or sunken
within its surface, corresponding with the patterns of the impressing rollers; so that
on the mandril and rollers, being rotated together in unison, and with the operated
upon tube, disposed in an excentric manner, ornamental patterns, are thereby produced
thereon, or impressed therein.
Figure 1 represents partly in elevation, and partly in vertical section, a metallic
tube, ornamented according to my invention, with convex annuluses or beadings,
commonly known as bullet beadings. Figure 2. is a transverse vertical section of the
said figure 1.
Figure 3 is a like ornamental tube as figure 1, but with the beadings (which are at
right angles to the axes of the tube) made more semi-circular in form, than those of
the said figure 1. Figure 4 is an end elevation of figure 3, while figure 5 represents
the beaded tubing figure 3, with ornamented intermediate narrow beadings, inter-
posed between each of the convex beadings. Figure 6 is a plan of figure 5, and
figure 7 is a length of tubing ornamented with both convex, and concave annuluses;
that is, semi-circular transverse beadings, with like concaves interposing between each
of them.
Figure 8 is a plan of figare 7, and figure 9 is an elevation of another short length
of ornamental tubing, made in accordance with this invention. Figure 10 represents
partly in elevation, and partly in vertical section, a roller tool or means for the pro-
duction of ring or beaded tabes as represented in the preceding figures. The impressing
rollers as shown, are for the production of an ornamental tube as in figure 9.
Figure 11 is a part underside plan, and part horizontal section, on the dotted
lines A B figure 10. Figure 12 is a transverse section on the lines CD of the said
figure 10. Figure 13 is a front elevation of the said tool, with the outside framing
part removed, thus exhibiting the bevel wheel, which is upon the outside face of an
inner and rotating ring. The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts
in figures 10 to 13.
a, is an outer half framing and is an inner half framing, care radially disposed
carrier brackets, whose outer and inner ends c², c³, are directed inwards, and through
which ends (as bearings) pins or spindles d, pass,
and upon which, segmental
impressing rollers or rings e, are strung, and turn.
The inside faces of the inner ends c³, are cut with tangential rack teeth c³, which
engage with the threads of a face helix or screw 2, as best seen in figures 10 and 12
of a ring, whose outer side is provided with a bevel wheel f³, with which the bevel
pinions g gear. The inner ends c³, of the said carrier brackets, besides engaging
with the evolved threads on the face of the ring f, also work within radially directed
gaps, or slots 2, made within the front of the inner framing; so that by rotating one or
other of the said pinions, the ring f, is rotated or turned within the framing, and the
carrier brackets made to approach or recede from each other, and with them the
impressing rollers e, between which, a tube to be beaded or ornamented as aforesaid,
is, placed.

page_text: Thus, a plain tube to be ornamented, is fed between the rollers, and passed through
the coincident central passages a², and 63; and on the pinions being turned, and the
tube rotated, the impressing rollers are collectively made to approach each other, and
gradually impress the tube, with the pattern upon them.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
;-
First. A metallic tube ornamented by beadings, bullet headings, or annular
concaves; or curved ring formations, as described and set forth in figures 1, 2, 3
and 4 of the drawing.
Secondly. An ornamental metallic tube consisting of parallel, and equi-distant
cross bearings, interposed by plain or ornamented divisional spaces or ruts, substantially
as described, and set forth, in figures 5 and 6.
Thirdly. An ornamental metallic tube, consisting of equi-distant annular beadings,
with channelled or plain grooves, interposing between thein respectively, substantially
as described and set forth, in figures 7 and 8.
Fourthly. An ornamental metallic tube, with scolloped, fluted, ribbed or milled
beadings, forming equi-distant cross annulases, as described and set forth, other than
in the preceding figures.
Fifthly. Shaping or fashioning the beaded, cross ribbed, or other fluted or shaped
ornamental tubes, as herein described and set forth.
Lastly. The tool or means herein described and set forth for impressing or
forming the beadings, flutings or the like, as aforesaid, upon tube surfaces, consisting
of rollers e, carrier brackets c, c², c³, with tangential rack teeth e, which engage with
the worm of a face helix f, of a ring f, whose opposite side has a bevel wheel 3 with
which a pinion or pinions g, gear. The carrier bracket inner ends slide within the
radial grooves 62, whilst the other parts are carried and kept in their respective
positions by the framings a and b. The parts are constructed, arranged, and work in
the manner, and for the purpose as described and set forth.
Dated this Seventeenth day of October 1887.