MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MOULDING FOR CASTING
Year: 1870

page_text: 65 IMPROVE-
LETTERS PATENT to George Little, of Oldham, in the County of
Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention of
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MOULDING FOR CASTING."
Sealed the 22nd December 1870, and dated the 30th June 1870.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Little at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th June 1870.
I, GEORGE LITTLE, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical
5 Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR MOULDING FOR CASTING," to be
as follows:-
:-
My Invention relates to machinery for moulding for casting, whereby
I am enabled to use a frame or box in which the pattern is suspended,
and which is turned over in order to present the two sides of the said
pattern to the moulder, while at the same time the parting is made upon
the sand itself, and not through the medium of a central plate and
double set of patterns. To accomplish this I take a frame or box which
is furnished with axes; by means of which it can be reversed, the under

page_text: for the upper side, and in which the pattern is suspended or attached by
set screws, clamps, or other such ordinary apparatus. When moulding
I place a board or other support beneath the pattern, and then ram the
sand in the usual manner; after this I turn the frame or box and
pattern over, remove the said board, and ram the other half, whereby
the above-mentioned parting is obtained. In moulding some articles
of irregular sections I substitute for the bare board a plaster cast, or
otherwise fill up the cavities, or approximately thereto. I propose to
connect the said frame or box to its axis by another part, which is a
permanent portion of the machine, and carried by a turntable arrange-
ment provided with guide wheels, and also with a worm or toothed
wheel, by means of which the aforesaid turning over may be effected.
I adapt the axis so as to be capable of sliding in the aforesaid turntable,
whereby different sizes of frames or boxes can be adapted, and this
arrangement is applicable to ordinary methods of plate moulding. I
have above spoken of one pattern only, but several at one time may be
suspended or attached to the frame or box by applying thereto cross bars
or projecting pieces to act as supports.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Little in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 30th December 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
LITTLE, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanical Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of June, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Little, Her special license
that I, the said George Little, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said George Little, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,

page_text: and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR MOULDING FOR CASTING," upon the condition, amongst others,
that I, the said George Little, by an instrument in writing under my.
hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Little, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
In moulding for casting the most ordinary plan, as is well known, is
to mould from a stationary pattern, the parting of which is regulated at
the moulder's discretion, but it has also been proposed, and the method
is now in use, to divide the pattern, and place one half thereof on one
side of a plate and the other half on the other side, the system being
known as plate moulding, but in such cases the parting is not on the
sand itself, but is regulated by the intervening plate. Now by my
Invention I am enabled to use a frame or box in which the pattern is
suspended, and which may be turned over to present the two sides to
the moulder, but as distinguished from the aforesaid plate moulding, or
modifications thereof, I obtain the parting on the sand itself, and not
through the medium of a central plate and double set of patterns..
In carrying out the principle of my Invention various mechanical
arrangements may be adopted, but I will now proceed. to describe a
construction of apparatus and method of operating which I have found to.
answer.
In the accompanying Drawings Fig. 1 represents a view of the
moulding apparatus in section with the pattern adapted; Fig. 2, a plan.
view; and Fig. 3 an end view of Fig. 1.
At a, a, are two axes formed upon the ends of a frame b, and to which
are connected by means of feathers as at c, discs d; these discs are
formed with V grooves, within which are situate similarly formed
rollers e, mounted upon axes f, which are carried by circular frames g.
To the upper parts of these circular frames are attached rods h, which at
their other ends are connected to a lifting apparatus which I prefer to be
on the hydraulic system as now employed for lifting heavy weights in

page_text: foundries and other places. By these means therefore the axes a, a,,
together with the parts mounted thereon, and the frame b, may be raised.
or lowered at pleasure. Upon the circular frame g is mounted a worm i
taking into a worm wheel k, which is fast upon the axle a; when
therefore the said worm is turned by means of a pulley handle mounted
upon its axis or by other convenient means the said axle a will be caused
to turn and carry with it the frame b. Within the frame 6 is formed a
series of apertures and transverse perforations m for the reception of
apparatus which is shewn in detail upon an enlarged scale at Fig. 4.
At n is a screw passing through the perforation m, and upon which is a
nut o confined between the sides of the opening 1. Projecting through
the frame is a screw p, the inward end of which passes into a groove q
cut in the screw n, which screw is formed at its outward end with a
narrowed spindle q. By turning the nut o in the one direction or the
other the screw n being prevented from turning with it by the pin p will
be caused to move in the one direction or the other within the frame b
and carry with it the spindle portion q. In Fig. 4 there is interposed a
separate Fig. 5, it being a section of the apparatus at that point and
which will hereafter be alluded to. The frame b is furnished with
several of the openings 7, as seen in Fig. 2, and to each of them is or
may be adanted the screw arrangement specially described in reference

page_text: screws n to the pattern suitable slots are formed in the mould box. The
whole apparatus is now lowered by hydraulic or other means on to an
ordinary bench or it may be the foundry floor, and the moulder.rams in.
the sand in the usual manner. When this has been done the apparatus:
is raised through the rods and the worm i is turned, by which means.
rotatory motion is communicated to the axle a and the discs d, which
revolve upon the rollers e, and the frame b and mould box r are turned
a half revolution, whereby the pattern is reversed. The whole is now.
again lowered on to the bench, and the board t, now at the top, is
removed, whereby the surface of the pattern which was next to it.
becomes exposed and the second mould box adapted to that already
mentioned, in which position it may be held by any convenient means,
but I shall hereafter describe a method I prefer. The moulder now.
fills and rams this second mould box, which is then unfastened and
lifted off by any usual means. After this the hydraulic or other power.
being applied to the rods h, the frame b, together with the pattern u,
which is fast therewith is raised or drawn out, and thus the moulding of
the two boxes is completed, the parting being made upon the sand which
is in the first box.
The above description refers, as was stated, to the most simple manner
of using my Invention, and it will now be readily understood how it may
be adapted to mould from articles which are irregular on both sides. To
effect this it will merely be necessary to add to the board & strips of wood
or other such material, or plastic substance to fill up the irregularities
up to the line at which the parting is to be made, and this line of parting.
will be determined by the experience of the workman, as in all other
methods of moulding. When, however, several castings are required
from the same pattern I prefer making a plaster or other such casting
of one half of the pattern that is up to the intended parting, and I.
have found that plaster of Paris may be so used with advantage, the
surface of which I protect by varnish. With these casts or with any
other method of making a parting line, the operation is precisely the
same as that already described, such casting simply taking the place of
the board t.
The fastenings for the mould boxes may be of any convenient
arrangement, but in the detached view, Fig. 6, I have shewn the method
I prefer. The two mould boxes are at r, r*, the flanges of which are
on cach side of the frame before referred to. In this frame is a

page_text: thimble to provided at one end with a nut x, and with a shoulder y.
Through this there passes a pin z provided with a cottar 1 which forces
the box r on to the nut x, and the other box is forced against the
shoulder y by a nut 2, the parting of the boxes is at 3. Fig. 5 represents
a thimble 4 with a flat side, and is placed upon the screws n, the object
of this is to avoid a parting upon a cylindrical part of the screws n.
When the moulding as above described has been effected the said
thimble 4 will of course have been moulded also, the spaces thus formed
in the sand may be made up by hand, but in some cases they may be
used as "gates."
Fig. 7 affords an example of how my Invention may be applied to
mould several articles at the same time. In this case the frame b is as
before, and to it are connected cross bars 6, to which several patterns may
be attached, as at A to G, and held there by clamps, pins, or by other
convenient means. The process of moulding is precisely that above
described, and the spaces in the sand formed by the cross bars 6 may
subsequently be filled up by hand. As shown in the Drawing the sides
of the frame b are in separate pieces bolted to the ends, the object of
this is that longer or shorter frames may be used at pleasure by sub-
stituting other side bars, and in order to admit of this I mount the
axes a in their discs d with feathers c, so that the said axes and end
parts of the frame may be slidden nearer to or further from each
other.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I. desire it,
to be understood that I claim as secured to me under the above in
part recited Letters Patent and for the purpose above set forth, the use
of a reversible frame with a pattern or patterns suspended or held
therein.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Little, have hereunto set
my band and seal, this Twenty-ninth day of December, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy.