IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE CIRCULATION OF WATER, OR LIQUID FOR HEATING PURPOSES
Year: 1884

page_text: I, JOHN JACKSON, of 13. Ironmarket, Newcastle under Lyme, in the county of
Staffordshire: Heating Engineer. do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE CIRCULATION OF WATER,
OR LIQUID FOR HEATING PURPOSES and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
First: A Boiler, or Heater, consisting of a number of tubes, so arranged, and
connected together, at their ends, that the water, or other liquid to be heated, shall
circulate, from one tube, to the other, until it has passed through, the whole of the
tubes or the said tubes may be divided into sections, in such a manner, that the
water in each section, has an independant circulation. If desired the flow pipe of
one section may be connected to the return pipe of another" section, and so on as to
cause, a continuous circulation, through, the whole, or any desired portion of the
whole of the tubes.
When the water circulates through the tubes, in the first above mentioned
manner, a single flow, and return pipe are used, for conveying the heated water
around the building, or place to be heated.
When the tubes, are divided into two or more sections, a flow, and return pipe
are used for each section: and also to obtain the greatest amount of heating
surface, the tubes are placed close together longitudinally so as to form a series of
Baffles.
I would have it understood, that I do not confine myself to any particular
number of tubes, either in height or width: the numbers of which, would be
determined by the extent of area required to be heated. Second :-As a means
for filling the pipes with water, or other liquid, I employ a four-way piece, fitted
with a hollow plug: the said four-way piece is fixed on the return pipe. When
it is desired to fill the circulating pipes, and Boiler, or Heater, a pump is attached,
to one end of the four-way piece, and water, or other liquid caused to flow through
the said pipes. The water or other liquid in passing through the said circulating
pipes, and Boiler, or Heater, drives out the air through the hollow plug, until the
pipes, boiler, or heater, are filled with water or other liquid: the hollow, plug is
then withdrawn, and the pump detached, and the said ends, secured by means of
caps, cocks, or other sealed devices.
My said invention is illustrated in the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Fig. 1. is a longitudinal section of the Boiler or Heater.
Fig. 2. is a transverse section through fire box, and Boiler, or Heater on line A. B.
Fig 3. is a Front Elevation of same.

page_text: Fig. 4. is a Back Elevation of a modification of apparatus under my invention,
in which the tubes are arranged, in three sections, each section having flow, and
return pipes, the whole being adapted for heating three separate rooms, or places,
or portions of rooms, or places.
Fig. 5. is a Back Elevation of another modification of apparatus under my
invention, the tubes being so arranged, and connected together at their ends, in
such a manner, that the same water circulates, through the whole of them.
C. are the tubes connected at front, and back by short bends: D. E. connecting
pipes from fire-bars to tubes: F. supply, or return pipe, with filling piece H*
hereafter described: G. overflow pipe, for the heated water: H. fire bridge:
I. brick setting: J. fire door: K. door for cleaning between tubes: L. flue between
tubes. The fire-grate here is formed of piping, but may be separated from, and
formed of cast iron fire-bars. The first section having three sets of tubes, the second
section, having two sets of tubes, and the third section having one set of tubes.
As regards the first section of three sets of tubes on the left of the figure 4, the
flow of the water from the inlet or return pipe F. is through No. 1. to pipe No. 2;
thence through E; when it enters the tube No. 3; after passing through the
tubes C; it flows through No. 4, and onward in consecutive order of numbers
to 12; and out-flow pipe G: it will therefore be obvious that, the flow pipe of one
section, may be connected to the return pipe of another section: F, are the return
pipes and G, the flow pipes, of the other sections, the direction of the circulation,
or flow of water being indicated, by the arrows.
Fig. 6. is an Elevation, and Fig. 7. a vertical section, of my apparatus, called a
filling piece, or tap previously marked H*. on Fig. 5. for filling the Heater or
Boiler, and all pipes in connection therewith.
C. C². C³. C. are the four ways of the piece, a, is the 'Hollow Plug; b, is the
nut, for holding same in position, during filling. The pump for charging the
apparatus with water, or other liquid, and for expelling the air, is connected at C³.,
and forces the water through C³, into the tubes of Boiler, and circulating pipes,
thence returns by C., and discharges through a. When the tubes and circulating
pipes, are thoroughly charged, the hollow plug a. is withdrawn, and pump
detached, and caps screwed on C¹. and C. Although the Aparatus, herein described
is mainly suitable for that system of heating, by circulation of water; known as
High Pressure, wherewith expansion tubes, or other means of expansion appliance,
are used, I do not confine myself to any particular pressure, nor the use of
Expansive appliances.
Having now particularly described and ascertained, the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed; I declare that what
I claim is:
First-The arranging and combining together, of a series of tubes, longitudinally,
and connected together at their ends; any required number in width, and number
of layers, or heights of baffles, together with the arrangement of furnace; and flues
for heating the same, for the purpose herein described.
Second-The arranging of the tubes, forming the Boiler, or Heater, in any
number of sections, or divisions, as and for the purpose herein described.
:-
Third The pumping, or filling piece, or tap, constructed, and fixed, as herein
described.