CERTAIN INPROVE- MENTS IN BRUSHES
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John, Edward, and Charles Gosnell, Brush
Manufacturers, of No. 12, Three King Court, Lombard Street,
in the City of London, trading under the style or firm of John
Gosnell and Company, for the Invention of "CERTAIN INPROVE-
MENTS IN BRUSHES."
Sealed the 8th January 1858, and dated the 6th. November 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John, Edward,
and Charles Gosnell at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 6th November 1852.
We, JOHN, EDWARD, & CHARLES GOSNELL, Brush Manufacturers,
No. 12, Three King Court, Lombard Street, City London, trading
under the style or firm of John Gosnell and Company, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN BRUSHES" to be as follows, viz. :—
The first part of our invention more particularly relates to what
are called "hair brushes," in the construction of which we introduce
a novel arrangement in the plan of the bristles, which we place in a

page_text: series of rows or blocks of from one eighth of an inch wide or upwards,
and alternately leave spaces or intervals, also of one eighth of an inch
wide or upwards, between each such series of rows or blocks, instead of
distributing the bristles somewhat equally over the surface of the brush,
as is the general practice of the trade at present. We arrange the
plan of these series of rows or blocks of bristles and spaces either
lengthways of the brush, or crossways of the same, or diagonally, or
in curves or angles, or in any of these forms or shapes combined.
Between or surrounding these spaces or intervals we construct the
afore-mentioned series of rows or blocks of bristles of a peculiar combi-
nation of the same, of any or various degrees of strength, and either of
even cut bristles or uneven cut, or of both even and uneven cut com-
bined. Also, in certain cases, we prepare and fix the exterior rows of
each or any of the aforesaid series of rows or blocks of bristles at a
certain angle (or angles), by which means they will be inclined towards
the interior bristles so as to support them, and which arrangement will
afford greater strength and elasticity to the bristles than hitherto
attained in the ordinary mode of construction. Also, in certain casos,
we employ and attach to the back or handle of certain brushes a
porcelain or gutta percha label or labels or tablets, either plain, printed,
or ornamental, and either in colors or otherwise, thereby improving
the appearance of said brushes, and rendering them more cleanly for
use, as the generality of stamped and metallic labels and tablets corrode
and retain the dust.
arrange-
The next part of our Invention relates more particularly to the
class of brushes called "paint brushes," and consists of a novel
ment for enclosing or encompassing the bristles of such brushes for
a portion of the way down from the base of the bristles, so as to
prevent any workman the necessity of resorting to string, &c. for
securing the bristles until they are worn down by use to a convenient
length. We therefore employ an external casing of any metallic or
elastic or other suitable material, to clip around the entire of the bristles
in one or more pieces, and so constructed as to move up and down over
the ordinary binding of the brush, so as to give any length of bristle
the workman may require, according to the work he may be operating

page_text: upon; and such band, or encasement, or clip, to be so arranged as to
work up and down at pleasure, either by slide, or screw, or spiral, or
otherwise.
.
What we claim as our Invention is as follows, viz. :-
First, the peculiar arrangements and divisions of bristles as set forth
in the above description for hair and other brushes, and of any required
shape or figure or strength.
Second, the peculiar combination of the uneven with the even cut
bristles in the aforesaid series of rows or blocks, or the use of each
kind separately, as described.
Third, the peculiar arrangement and construction, in certain cases,
of the aforesaid series of rows or blocks, whereby the exterior bristles
are made to incline towards and give support and elasticity to the
interior bristles, or visa versa.
Fourth, the combination of any required degree of strength of
bristles, in crich or any row or series of rows, as herein set forth.
whereby said brushes can be varied on this principle of construction,
and rendered particularly applicable for the use of either sex or any
nge.
.
Fifth, the introduction and use either of porcelain or gutta-percha
label plates or tablets for brushes as before described.
Sixth, the principle of construction and application of a metallic or
elastic or other suitable band or encasement to paint and other brushes,
as aforesaid, for regulating the working length of bristles so as to suit
any particular kind of work.
.
Seventh, we do not confine ourselves to any particular shape or
form or description of brushes, but claim the use and application of
the within-mentioned improved principles of construction as herein set
forth, together with the application of the whole or any portion thereof
respectively, to each or any kind of brush or brushes, where the afore-
said principles of construction and arrangements and improvements are
or may be found applicable.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John, Edward, and Charles Gosnell in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 2nd May 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
Jois, EDWARD, and CHARLES GOSNELL, Brush Manufacturers, No. 12,
Three King Court, Lombard Street, City of London, trading under the
style or firm of Johu Gosnell and Company, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said John, Edward, and Charles Gosnell, Her special
licence that we, the said John, Edward, and Charles Gosnell, our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
John, Edward, and Charles Gosnell, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSHES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said John, Edward,
and Charles Gosnell, by an instrument in writing under our hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of tho said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John, Edward, and Charles
Gosnell, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement (that is to say):
The first part of our Invention more particularly relates to what are
called "hair brushes," in the nature and construction of which we intro-
duce a novel arrangement in the plan of the bristles, which we place in

page_text: a series of rows or blocks of from one eighth of an inch wide or upwards,
and alternately leave spaces or intervals, also of one eighth of an inch
wide or upwards, between each such series of rows or blocks, instead of
distributing the bristles somewhat equally over, the surface of the brush,
as is the general practice of the trade at present in constructing brushes
of the ordinary description. In our improved brushes we arrange the
plan of these series of rows or blocks of bristles and spaces cither
lengthways of the brush, or crossways of the same, or dingonally, or
in curves or angles, or in any of these forms or shapes combined.
Figs 2, and 3, B, B, B, B, B, B, on the annexed Drawing, represents
a plan and section of a brush, shewing one of the plans or series of
divisions which we propose to adopt, which will illustrate the principle
of arranging and setting the bristles in divisional blocks as described
with alternate spaces or intervals between them. Between or sur-
rounding these spaces or intervals we construct the afore-mentioned
series of rows or blocks of bristles of a peculiar combination of the
same, of any or various degrees of strength, and either of even cut
bristles, or uneven cut, or of both even and uneven cut combined,
Fig. 8, also represents a sectional view of the principle of construction
and peculiar. combination of the even and uneven cut bristles as above
described. Also, in certain cases, we prepare and fix either one or both
the exterior rows of each or any of the aforesaid series of rows or blocks
of bristles at a certain angle (or angles), by which means they will be
inclined towards the interior bristles, so as to support them, and which
arrangement will afford greater strength and elasticity to the bristles
than hitherto attained in the ordinary mode of construction. Fig. 8, at
A, A, A, A, A, A, also illustrates the principle of setting the bristles
at any particular angle as may be required and as above described.
Also, in certain cases, we employ and attach to the back or handle
of certain brushes, novel porcelain or gutta percba label or labels or
tablets, either plain, printed, or ornamental, and either in colors or
otherwise, thereby improving the appearance of said brushes, and ren-
dering them more cleanly for use, as the generality of ordinary stamped
metallic labels or tablets corrode and retain the dust. Figs. 1, 2, and 8,
C, C, C, C, shew plans and sections of some of these improved kind of
labels or tablets as above described.

page_text: The next part of our Invention relates more particularly to the class
of brushes called "paint brushes," and consists of a novel arrangement
for enclosing or encompassing the bristles of such brushes for a portion
of the way down from the base of the bristles, so as to prevent any
workman the necessity of resorting to string, &c., for securing the
bristles until they are worn down by use to a convenient length. We,
therefore, employ an external casing of any metallic or elastic or other
suitable material to clip around the entire of the bristles in one or more
prices, and so constructed as to move up and down over the ordinary
binding of the brush, so as to give any length of bristle the workinan
may require, according to the work he may be operating upon; and
such band, or encasement, or clip to be so arranged as to work up and
down at pleasure, either by slide or screw, or spiral, or otherwise.
What we claim as of our Invention is as follows, viz. :-
First, the peculiar arrangements and divisions of bristles, as set forth
in the above description and Drawings, for hair and other brushes, and
any required shape, or figure, or strength.
of
Second, the peculiar combination of the uneven with the even cut
bristles in the aforesaid series of rows or blocks, or otherwise, or the
use of each kind, for such rows or blocks, separately, as herein
lescribed.
Third, the peculiar arrangement and construction in certain cases
of the aforesaid series of rows or blocks, whereby any portion of the
exterior bristles are made to incline towards and give support and
elasticity to the interior bristics, or vice versa.
Fourth, the combination of any required degree of strength of bristles
in each or any row or series of rows, as herein set forth, whereby said
brushes can be varied on this principle of construction, and rendered
particularly applicable for the use of either sex or any age.
Fifth, the introduction and use either of porcelain or gutta percha
label plates or tablets for brushes, as before described.
Sixth, the principle of construction and application of a metallic or
elastic or other suitable band or encasement to paint and other brushes,
as aforesaid, for regulating the working length of bristles so as to suit
any particular kind of work.
Seventh, we do not confine ourselves to any particular shape or formy

page_text: or description of brushes, but claim the use and application of the
within mentioned improved principles of construction, as herein set
forth, together with the application of the whole or any portion thereof
respectively to each or any kind of brush or brushes, where the aforesaid
novel and improved principles of construction and arrangements are
or may be found applicable.
In witness whereof, we, the said John, Edward, and Charles
Gosnell, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-
ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and fifty-three.
[JOHN GOSNELL.
(L.S.)
JN° GOSNELL & Co. EDWARD GOSNELL. (L.S.)
CHARLES GOSNELL. (L.S.)

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