Improvements in the Manufacture of Casks, Barrels, and the like.
Year: 1891

page_text: "
Date of Application, 26th Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 25th July, 1892-Accepted, 3rd Sept.. 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Casks, Barrels, and the like.
I CARL SPANNAGEL, Merchant of 6, Adler Street, Berlin in the Empire of
Germany do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF CASKS, BARRELS AND THE LIKE to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of casks, barrels and
other similar vessels. Some of the difficulties encountered in the manufacture of
casks, barrels and the like are to be found in the large number of staves, and the
exact fitting together of the same and the heads, the thickness of the wood in the
staves and the consequent weight of the cask or barrel. Now in order to overcome
these aforesaid and many other disadvantages, I propose to materially reduce the
number of staves employed to form a cask barrel or other vessel and so considerably
reduce the weight of such vessels, thus producing a large saving in materials and
in the costs of transport, a reduction of the coopers work and avoiding the carbon-
ising of the said casks or other vessels, by employing staves, produced from two or
more layers of veneering or thin boards arranged so that the grain of two adjoining
layers of veneering or thin boards will lay crosswise to each other and being
securely glued, cemented or otherwise attached to each other, it will be evident to
all versed in the art, that all shrinkage, expansion, bulging or other divergence
from the form originally given to the said staves, will be precluded. The various
layers of veneer or board having been securely attached to each other in appro-
priate manner and having been cut in or nearly to the desired form, the same are
placed between two, metallic surfaces of appropriate convex or concave form
respectively and capable of being heated and so subjected to the combined action of
heat and pressure, that the said layers of veneering or thin boards will, after being
removed from the press, preserve their form without any change whatever.
When subjecting the veneering to pressure as aforesaid, a projecting angular
ledge on the convex mould or metallic surface, can be used for producing the chimb
or groove for receiving the head of the cask, barrel or the like by impression
in the said layers of veneering or board instead of cutting such said chimb or
groove. In this manner no weakening of the cask at this point is produced and if
desired a corresponding groove can be made in the concave surface or mould in
order to lessen the strain on the material under treatment.
I propose to make my improved barrels of three or more or less staves the
edges of which will fit so closely together that a water tight joint can be readily'
attained or if thought necessary a suitable packing can be used between the
adjoining edges of the staves, but I wish it to be understood that I in no way
confine myself to any precise number of staves as these can be varied according to
requirements.
The heads of the cask, barrel or vessel can be of massive wood or a number
of layers of veneering or the like similar to those used for making the body of the
cask.
Although I prefer to connect the various layers together by glue, cement, or
other suitable preferably waterproof adhesive material or by pegs, nails, or screws
before subjecting the same to pressure in order to produce the requisite form of the
staves it is evident that the said layers can be connected to each other after
pressure without in any way departing from the nature of my invention. The
edges of the pressed and suitably formed staves can be trimmed in the customary
manner, although I prefer to pass the same through an appropriate shaping
nachine in order to secure a perfect fitting of all the parts.
Instead of using
veneering or thin boards, cardboard of suitable strength can be used and will be
}

page_text: found admirably suited for many purposes as the same can be readily rendered
waterproof by tarring or pitching the inside or inside and outside or providing
the surfaces with a suitable paint.
Instead of making the said casks, barrels or vessels wholly of wood or cardboard,
both materials in combination with each other can be used in one vessel.
Dated this 26th day of October 1891
HORN & SON,
Applicant's Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Casks, Barrels, and the like.
I, CARL SPANNAGEL, Merchant, 6 Adler Street, Berlin, in the Empire of
Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the
following statement :—
My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of casks, barrels and
other similar vessels. Some of the difficulties encountered in the manufacture of
casks barrels and the like, are to be found in the large number of staves and the
exact fitting together of the same and the heads, the thickness of the wood in the
staves and the consequent weight of the cask or barrel. Now in order to overcome
these aforesaid and many other disadvantages I propose to materially reduce the
number of staves employed to form a cask barrel, or other vessel and so consider-
ably reduce the weight of such vessels thus producing a large saving in materials
and in the costs of transport, a reduction of the coopers work and avoiding the
carbonising of the said casks or other vessels by employing staves produced from
two or more layers of veneering or thin boards arranged so that the grain of two
adjoining layers of veneering or thin boards will lay crosswise to each other and
being securely glued cemented or otherwise attached to each other it will be
evident to all versed in the art, that all shrinkage, expansion bulging or other
divergence from the form originally given to the said staves, will be precluded.
The various layers of veneer or board having been securely attached to each other
in appropriate manner and having been cut in or nearly to the desired form, the
same are placed between two metallic surfaces of appropriate convex or concave
form respectively and capable of being heated and so subjected to the combined
action of heat and pressure, that the said layers of veneering or thin boards will
after being removed from the press preserve their form, without any change what-
ever.
When subjecting the veneering to pressure as aforesaid a projecting angular ledge
on the convex mould or metallic surface can be used for producing the chimb or
groove for receiving the head of the cask barrel or the like by impression in the
said layers of veneering or board instead of cutting such said chimb or groove. In
this manner no weakening of the cask at this point is produced, and if desired a
corresponding groove can be made in the concave surface or mould in order to
lessen the strain on the material under treatment.
I propose to make my improved barrels of three or more or less staves, the edges
of which will fit so closely together, that a watertight joint can be readily attained
or if thought necessary a suitable packing can be used between the adjoining edges
of the staves but I wish to be understood, that I in no way confine myself to any
precise number of staves as these can be varied according to requirements.
The heads of the cask barrel or vessel can be of massive wood or a number of
layers of veneering or the like, similar to those used for making the body of the
cask.
Although I prefer to connect the various layers together by glue, cement or other
suitable, preferably waterproof, adhesive material or by pegs, nails or screws before
subjecting the same to pressure in order to produce the requisite form of the staves

page_text: it is evident, that the said layers can be connected to each other after pressure
without in any way departing from the nature of my invention. The edges of the
pressed and suitably formed staves can be trimmed in the customary manner,
although I prefer to pass the same through an appropriate shaping machine in order
to secure a perfect fitting of all the parts. Instead of using veneering, or thin
boards, cardboard of suitable strength can be used and will be found admirably
suited for many purposes as the same can be readily rendered waterproof by tarring
or pitching the inside or inside and outside or providing the surfaces with a suitable
point. From the foregoing it will be evident, that the staves made from veneering
as above described are simultaneously bent in the warm mould both in the hori
zontal and vertical plane, whereby the staves receive the requisite form for making
the cask or barrel of customary configuration.
Instead of making the said casks barrels or vessels wholly of wood or card board,
both materials in combination with each other can be used in one vessel.
Instead of employing the grooves pressed into the interior layer of veneer a suit-
able ring can be attached to said interior surface in any suitable manner.
Having now particularly described the nature of this said invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, I declare, that what I claim is:
1. The manufacture of casks barrels and the like composed of two or more layers
of veneer or thin boards so arranged that the grain of one layer of staves runs
crosswise to the grain of the adjoining layer of staves substantially as described.
2. The manufacture of casks barrels and the like from veneer combined with
cardboard substantially as described.
3. In casks barrels and the like made as aforedescribed of veneer or veneering
and board, producing the chimb or groove for receiving the head by impressing one
or more grooves into the interior veneer, substantially as described.
4. Manufacturing casks barrels and the like from staves of the kind as afore-
mentioned bent simultaneously in one operation both in the vertical and horizontal
plane substantially as described.
Dated this 25th day of July 1892.
HORN & SON,
Applicant's Agents.