Improvements in Machinery for Working Stone.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 7th Oct., 1889-Accepted, 14th Dec., 1889
Improvements in Machinery for Working Stone.
FRANK TRIER of 19 Great George St in the City of Westminster. Engineer. do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to machines and toolholders employing circular rolling
cutters for working stone and to the methods of operation.
My improvements consist :-
In machines in which I effect the first of the above objects I set the axis of the
cutter spindle itself at an angle to the axis of the cutter bush and I make these two
axis cross each other so that, by turning the cutter bush in the socket by means of
gearing levers or other suitable means actuated either by hand or automatically the,
edge of the cutter at the point of contact with the stone is moved upward & forward
so that the cutters act alternately in different planes and produces the effect which [
call stepcutting. The said inclination enables me to effect the second of the above
objects namely to give to the cutter a skew in either direction by turning the bush
partially round in its socket.
When I wish to combine the stepcutting & the skew I compound the inclination of
the axis of the cutter spindle to that of the bush, of two inclinations, the one for the
purpose of stepcutting the other for the purpose of giving to the cutter the skew. I
can also produce one cutter stepcutting by other means than. described above as by
swivelling the cutter holder or moving it backwards & forwards at an angle to the
surface of the stone...
7.
I can also combine the one cutter stepcutting with other means of obtaining the
skew than described above as with a to & fro rocking action of the cutter spindle.
By adopting suitable directions of the inclinations of the axes mentioned above I
can produce the stepeutting or the skew or both combined by giving to the cutter
bush half a revolution at the end of each travel of the stone or of the cutter if the
latter réciprocates. This I can do automatically by a step by step rotary motion, by
a system of weighted levers or other means.
My improvements relate further to the cutting of internal & external angles with
one cutter.
The cutter is mounted on a slide or its mechanical equivalent.attached at an angle
to a trunion the axis of which is at right angles to the direction of the travel of the
stone or the cutter as the case may be. Cutter slide & trunion are mounted on the
slide rest of the machine.
By turning the trunion round I make the cutter act alternately in two planes pre-
ferably at right angles one to the other. The cutter will cut out an interual angle
as it approaches the apex and an external angle when the cutter has passed the apex
of the angle formed by the said two planes.

page_text: My improvements further relate to the use of special arrissing cutters which can
be readily swung aside or withdrawn to allow the surfacing cutters to follow.
My improvements relate further to machines in which the stone is fixed. on a
revolving face plate. I employ two or more than two cutters on slides placed so that
the cutters travel towards the centre of the face plate & co-operate one with the other
to produce the effect of stepcutting. I also arrange the cutters so that one or more
than one cutter travels from the centre outwards & cooperates with one or more
than one cutter travelling towards the centre. In this case I arrange the stone or
stones on the faceplate so as to leave the centre free and place the cutters on a level
or on different levels, in the latter case so as to cooperate one with the other for step-
cutting.
My improvements relate further to grindstone-dressers. The slide has preferably a
tubular form fitting in feet which bolt to the grindstone trough & which I clamp on
the tube so as to suit varying widths of the trough. I can swivel the slide rest
carrying the cutter on the tubular slide or I can swivel the latter in the feet so as to
give the proper inclination to the cutter axis. The slide rest is moved by a screw or
by rack & pinion or other suitable means.
Dalad this Savant I. 1
Improvements in Machinery for Working Stone.
I FRANK TRIER Civil Engineer of 19 Great George Street Westminster
in the County of London. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My improvements relate to a method methods of applying a circular rolling cutter
to the working of stone & to the construction of toolholders & apparatus for the same.
The improvements in the toolholders are chiefly applicable to the sliderests of
machines in which the stone or the cutter has a reciprocating movement & the
improved apparatus is applicable chiefly to the turning & truing of grindstones.
The improved methods method of applying a circular rolling cutter has effeet the
following objeéts: object.
+) The skewing-of-the-eutter-to-the-plane-of-the-stone:
The cutting in steps by means of one cutter.
3) The-production-of-internal &-external-angles-by-one-entter:
I attain these-ends this end by means of the toolholders constructed as shown in
Figs&Fig. 1. & the mode of operation-is-explained-with-reference-te Figs-ta,-16,
3 of the accompanying drawings. Fig shows the improved apparatus for
turning grindstones...
I-effect the first of the above-objects by inclining the exis P-C of the entterspindle-D
(see-Fig-1)-to-the-axis-PB-of-the-eutterbush-E. This inclination-enables-me-to
give-to-the-eutter--any desirable skew-to-the-plane-of-the-stone-S-by-turning--the
Bush-partially round-in-the-socket-of-the-toolholder-F. Fig. 16-illustrates--n--eutter
skewed-by this-means-corresponding to the-stone-whien-travelling-in-the-direction-of
the solid-arrow:
The line-M-P.N-in-Fig-la-represents-the-line-of-section-with-the-paper-of-a-plane
passing thro-P & standing-vertical-to-the-plane-of-the-paper-&-at-right-angles-to
the-directien-of-travel-of-the-stone: When-the-cutternxis-les-in-the-plane-M-P-N
the-entter-is-without-skew-&-receives its skew-in-either-direction-by-turning E-
thus-bringing-the-cutternxis-into-the-planes O.P-Q«er«Q¹-P-Q';

page_text: I effect the second object viz, of stepcutting with one cutter in the following
manner.
The cutteraxis P C (Fig 1) being inclined to the axis P B of the cutterbush E &
crossing it at the point P, by turning the bush E half round in its socket at the end
of each stroke, I bring the cutter into the positions X & Y alternately causing it to
cut the stone in two different planes & at two points the one in advance of the other
and this method of cutting I call stepcutting. The advantages are twofold 1) a
roughing cut is taken as the stone or the cutter is travelling in one direction & the
finishing cut as the stone or the cutter makes the return stroke,, thus finishing the
surface at one operation 2) plucking is avoided.
I indicate one method of giving the semi-rotation to the bush E by means of the
wheel G which gears into the teeth H cast in the body of the cutterbush E. The
movement may be effected either by hand or automatically.
I indicate an automatic method known as the "jim crow movement. A rope is
passed round the pulley I & is led off & on by means of the guide pullies K K to the
source of motion from which the rope is worked to and fro..
'The-toolholder-constructed-us-described-enables-me-also-by-determining-the-point
nt-which-the-eutterbush-E-is-brought-to-rest-by-the-stop W-to-give-to-the-eutter-the
skew-above-referred-to-as-the-result--of-the-same-movement-by-which-1-effect-the
step-eutting When-the-eutterspindle-axis-les-in-the plune-M-PN (Fig-ta)--
is alternately inelined-in the-directions PA & P-C (Fig-1)-it-is-n-stepentting action
without-skew; but-if-the-eutterspindle--axis--being- inclined-alternately in--either
direction-lies-in-the plane-O-P-Q or O1 P-Q1-then-the--action-will-be-one-of-step-
cutting-with-skew-in both-directions.
I do not limit myself to the method described above of one cutter stepcutting, as
the same object may be effected by other mechanical means, as for example by
swivelling the cutterholder F or by moving it or the cutterbush to & fro.
+-effect-the-3rd-object viz. of producing-internal-or-external angles-by-means-of the
toolholder-shown in Fig-2-&-dingram Fig 3. The slide-M-is-attached (generally)--at
un-angle-of-45°-to-the-trunion which-ean-turn in the socket-O-earried on the slide-
rest-of-the-machine-the-slide-N-containing-the-eutter-with-its-spindle-works-on-H
&-is--actuated-by--a-screw-with-the-ratchet-wheel R, pull T-&-lever-C. When--the
stone-travels in-one-direction-the-slide-&-cutter are-in-the-positions M&X; nt
the--end-of-the-stroke--the-trunion-is--swivelled &-slide-&-cutter are brought into
by-hand-or-automatically-by-the-jim-erow "-or-other-suitable-netion. The cutter
is-thus brought-into-operation-on-the-two-surfaces which form-the-angle-the-feed
of-the-eutter-towards-the-apex-of-the-angle (or away from-it-when-cutting an externa!
angle-Fig.3)-being effected by the lever which-netnates the pall coming-inte
contact-with-the-stop-V on-the-socket-0, when-the-trunion-is-turned.
positions-M-&-X';-&-this-movement-is-repeated-at-the--end-of-each-stroke-either
The improved grindstone dresser is illustrated in Fig. 2, the improvements con-
sisting chiefly in the employment of a tubular slide A on which the feet B can be
clamped to suit the width of the grindstonetrough to which the feet are bolted. The
tubular slide A which contains the screw actuating the slide C can be swivelled in
the feet until the axis of the cutter is in its correct position with regard to the grind-
stone centre. The projections D on the cutterbar rest on projections on the slide C
& it can be turned over to give the cutter its inclination either way.
I am aware that prior to my invention skew has been given to circular rolling
cutters & that stepcutting has been effected by a combination of two or more cutters
in rotating chucks or by concentric cutters on one spindle. I therefore do not claim
the skewing of the cutter or stepcutting broadly, but what I do claim as my invention
& desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
+) The manner-of giving skew-to-a-eutter-substantially-as-described.
1. 2)-The means for stepcutting with one cutter, substantially as described.
2. 3) The construction of the toolholder substantially as described & illustrated

page_text: internal-&-external-angles-with-one-eutter--substantially-as-described.
+) Cutting
with-reference-to Fig-2
8. -The construction of a grindstonedresser using roller cutters with a tubular
slide & moveable feet substantially as illustrated & described with reference to Fig 2.
Dated this 5th day of Databas 1000