CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1858

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Roberts, of Heaton Norris, in the County
of Lancaster, Machine Maker, and Wright Shaw, of the same Place,
Foreman, for the Invention of CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING."
"
Sealed the 23rd November 1858, and dated the 2nd June 1858.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Roberts and
Wright Shaw at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 2nd June 1855.
We, RICHARD ROBERTS, of Heaton Norris, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker,,aud WRIGHT SHAW, of the same Place, Foreman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS
FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:
Our Invention relates, first, to the machinery for forming the shed or for
raising and lowering the healds. The healds are connected to levers, which
are acted upon by a jacquard or other similar apparatus. After each shed has
been formed part of the levers are moved by the jacquard or other apparatus,
so that their ends are raised by a swing frame, acted upon by the crank shaft
or other convenient part of the loom, and the other levers descend, being
drawn down with the healds by springs or weights or bottom jacks.
The second part of our Invention consists of another arrangement of parts
for effecting the same object; in this arrangement elbow levers are employed,
[Price Sil.]

page_text: one arm of each being acted upon by a jacquard or other suitable apparatus,
and the other arm is furnished with a double groove; these levers are con-
nected by cords or otherwise to upper and lower jacks. to which the healds
are connected as usual. The grooved levers are raised or lowered by a swing
frame, worked from the crank shaft or other convenient part of the loom, and this
swing frame is supplied with a stud having bowls on it for taking into the
said double grooves. After each shed has been made the jacquard or other
apparatus partly raises some of the grooved levers, so that as the swing frame
advances the bowls above referred to, taking into the upper grooves, raises the
levers that are selected to the full height; the others not selectedare depressed
by the said bowls entering in the lower grooves.
The third part of our Invention consists in governing the picking motion at
each side of the loom by means of levers acting on wipers, which slide on the
tappet shaft; these wipers are made to act in any required succession on the
picking motion at each side of the loom by a tappetora chain of tappets acting
on a rod to which the levers of the wipers are connected. This part of our
Invention is applicable to those looms in which two or more shuttles are
employed at each side.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard Roberts and Wright Shaw in the Great Seal
Patent Office ou the 2nd December 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, RICHARD
ROBERTS, of Heaton Norris, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, and
WRIGHT SHAW, of the same Place, Foreman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Second day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself. Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said Richard Roberts and Wright Shaw, Her special licence that
we, the said Richard Roberts and Wright Shaw, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Richard. Roberts
and Wright Shaw, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Iuvention for.

page_text: "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said Richard Roberts and Wright Shaw, our executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our or their, or one
of our or their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Richard Roberts and Wright Shaw,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement (that is to say) :-
The nature of our Invention consists in certain improved combinations of
machinery for raising and depressing the healds to form the shed.
And, secondly, in the mode of closing the perforations of jacquard cards or
chains.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood, and readily
carried into effect, we will proceed to describe the means pursued by us,
reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the
figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is an elevation, partly in section, of one mode. of constructing our:
improved shedding motion; Fig. 2 is a plau of the same.
The healds a are
connected to the segment levers b,b, which are hinged in the usual manner to
the top frame c; this frame is attached to the loom sides c' by the horns c²,
and to it are fixed the standards d, d, supporting the fulcrum shaft e for the
jacquard swing frame f and the shaft y, which acts as fulcrum for the swing
frame h, and for the levers i, i. On referring to Fig. 2 it will be seen that in.
this instance we have shewn twelve, levers i, because we have shewn our:
improvements applied to a loom in which twelve healds are employed, but a
greater or less number of levers i may be used, according to the number of
healds required. Each lever is made with a slot, so as to be capable of
moving on the shaft y, and with a pin, the object of which will be explained.
hereafter. The frame e also supports the standards d' for the small swing!
frame j. The jacquard cylinder is furnished with a chain of perforated.
links f; see the detached view, Figs. 3 and 4, which are drawn full size ;:
these views represent our improved mode of stopping the perforations in
jacquard chains, which is effected, by means of the buttons f", having shanks,
fitting in the perforations. It is evident that these buttons can be taken out of,
the perforations in which they are shewn, and put into other perforations, to

page_text: vary the pattern. The links fare united by split rings. To the jacquard
swing frame is jointed the upper end of the link 3, the lower end of which
is actuated by a crank or tappet in the usual manner, to give the requisite
to-and-fr motion to the jacquard cylinder, which is turned round by the
catch; see Fig. 2. The swing frame is also moved up and down every
time the shed requires to be changed by a crank on the crank shaft, actuating
the link, or by any other suitable means. The mode of operation is as
follows: When the shed is closed all the levers are in a horizontal position,
and the pins projecting from their left-hand ends are all brought towards
the jacquard cylinder" by the tension of the springs or weights on the healds,
acting on the diagonal cords or wires 61, which connect the segment levers b to
the levers i, so that the right-hand ends of these levers may be within the
end cross rail h² of the swing frame h. When the jacquard cylinder advances
towards the levers i those levers corresponding to the healds required to form
the upper portion of the next shed, are pushed forward by the blauks or
buttons in thejacquard chain/thereby bringing the ends of the said levers /
over the end cross rail of the swing frame . which, in rising, elevates the
levers that have been selected into the position shewn in Fig. 1. Those of the
levers i corresponding to the healds required for the lower part of the shed
remain in the positions they occupied before the jacquard cylinder had
advanced, that is to say, the pins of these levers entering into the perforations
in the links are not pushed forward by the jacquard chain; the right-hand
ends of these levers bear on the small swing frame, and while the selected
levers rise the others descend, being drawn down by the springs or weights
in connection with the healds. As soon as the shed has been formed the
levers i are all brought back to the position from which they started by the
drag of the healds acting on the diagonal cords or wires b¹ connecting the
segment levers 6 to the levers i, as before described.
Fig. 5 is a side view of a loom representing a modification of our Invention:
Figs. 6 and 7 are detached views of parts of the same. In this a arrangement
the
upper part of the.healds are connected to the topjacks /, which are mounted
on the shaft g, and are made with slots similar to the levers in Fig. 1. The
lower parts of the healds are connected to the bottom jacks m, the top and
bottom jacks being connected by the cords n. The swing frame is moved up
and down by the tappet o fixed on the tappet shaft P: this
tappet, which is
shewn best in Fig. 6, imparts a vibrating motion to the lever ', to the outer
end of which is jointed the lower end of the link o, the upper end of which is
jointed to the swing frame h; this swing frame may be moved up and down
by any other suitable mechanism. The small swing frame is actuated by

page_text: studs projecting from the swing frame h, seen best in Fig. 7, the said studs
fitting into slots in the frame. The top jacks 7 have each a hooked projec-
tion and a pin 12. The mode of operation is as follows:-When the shed is
closed all the top jacks / are drawn within the end cross rail h³ of the swing
frame h. by the springs/3, but when the jacquard cylinder / advances, those
jacks connected to the healds that are required for the upper portion of the
shed are pushed forward by the buttons or blanks in the links of the jacquard
chain, until they project beyond the cross rail of the swing frame h,
which, in rising, carries them up. The pushing forward of the jacks that are
thus selected takes the hooked projections beyond the cross rail of the
frame, so that when the frame rises the frame in descending presses down
all the jacks that had not been pushed forward by the jacquard chain: the
jacks thus depressed are connected to the healds required to form the lower
part of the shed.
By means of these improvements great facility is afforded in changing and
extending the pattern to be woven, and in making the requisite alterations to
suit the number of healds employed.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described the manuer
of performing the same, we declare that we claim the improved combinations
of machinery shewn and described for raising and depressing the healds to
form the shed, aud particularly the mode of selecting the levers or jacks by
the jacquard chain 2.
And, secondly, the improved mode of closing the perforations in jacquard
cards or chains, as shewn and described in reference to Figs. 3 and 4.
In witness whereof, 1, the said Richard Roberts, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight.
RICHARD ROBERTS. (...)