Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Feb., 1887
Complete Left, 3rd Nov., 1887
Complete Accepted, 4th May, 1888
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex M.I.M.E.
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of the present invention is the bleaching of vegetable textile material-
with entire avoidance of exposure on bleaching grounds for linen, tow and hemp yarn
which are to be bleached to a for an entire white and the lessening of exposure on
bleaching grounds for linen, tow and hemp tissues which are to be bleached to an
advanced white.
The nature of the textiles and the different state in which they present themselves
have great influence on the bleaching and the chemical compound used therefor and
the mode of employing it varies with the different cases. This applies to all textiles
other than jute which is very untractable. For the bleaching of linen, hemp tow and
cotton yarn a lye is first used composed of carbonate of soda caustic soda, in pieces
and potash of any description in the proportion of 1 to 2% of the weight of the
material to be bleached and then a liquid composed of chloride of lime and soap black
or white soft or solid no matter of what nature and lastly a sulphuric acid bath of
greater or less strength.
The process is as follows; the yarn to be bleached is first immersed in the lye at a
temperature of from 50 to 60° C. for 2 or hours after a convenient washing the
yarn is immersed for several hours in the liquid and after a second washing it is
immersed in the sulphuric acid bath. The yarn will now be of the shade called
white and it is only necessary to repeat the operation to bring it to or entire
white without exposing it on the bleaching grounds and with a certainty of solidity
not obtained by the processes employed up to the present. The loss of the weight in
yarn is also less.
For the bleaching of vegetable tissues, other than jute, such as linen, tow, hemp,
cotton and the like a bath is used composed of chloride of lime soda or potash and a
part of saccharic acid and acetic acid or saccharic acid and oxalic acid in which bath

page_text: the tissues are repeatedly immersed until the desired degree or shade of whiteness is
attained after they have been repeatedly subjected to the action of the alkaline lye.
The advantages obtained by bleaching with this bath are an easier destruction of the
pectic matter and a lessening of the exposures on the bleaching grounds.
For the bleaching of vegetable tissues other than jute, dyed with colours which are
not to fado during the process a bath is used composed of chloride of lime soda or
potash and a part of binoxide of barium and of nitrate of strontia or nitrate of soda or
nitrate of potash in which bath the tissue is repeatedly immersed until a good result is
obtained.
of any
kind
To bleach jute either in yarn or tissue a bath is used composed of soap
and chloride of lime of the strength of 1 or 2° Baumé in which the jute is repeatedly
immersed until a good result is obtained.

page_text: I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
M.I.M.E. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
:-
The object of the present invention is the bleaching of vegetable textile material
with entire avoidance of exposure on bleaching grounds for linen tow and hemp yarn
which are to bleached to a three quarter or an entire white and the lessening of
exposure on bleaching grounds for linen tow and hemp tissues which are to be
bleached to an advanced white.
The nature of the textile fabrics and the different state in which they present them-
selves have great influence on the bleaching and the chemical compound used therefor
and the mode of employing it varies with the different cases. This applies to all
textiles other than jute which is very untractable. For the bleaching of linen hemp
tow and cotton yarn a lye is first used composed of carbonate of soda caustic soda
in picces and potash of any description in the proportion of 1 to 2 per cent. of the
weight of the material to be bleached and then a liquid composed of chloride of lime
and soap black or white soft or solid no matter of what nature and lastly a sulphuric
acid bath of greater or less strength. The composition of the different baths are
given at the end of the specification.
The process is as follows:-the yarn to be bleached is first immersed in the lye at
a temperature of from 50° to 60° C. for 2 or 3 hours; after a convenient washing
the
yarn is immersed for several hours in the liquid and after a second washing it is
immersed in the sulphuric acid bath. The yarn will now be of the shade called
quarter white and it is only necessary to repeat the operation to bring it to half, three
quarter or entire white without exposing it on the bleaching grounds and with a
certainty of solidity not obtained by the processes employed up to the present. The
loss of weight of the yarn is also less.
For the bleaching of vegetable tissues other than jute such as linen tow hemp
cotton and the like a bath is used composed of chloride of lime soda or potash and a
part of saccharic acid and acetic acid or saccharic acid and oxalic acid in which bath
the tissues are repeatedly immersed until the desired degree or shade of whiteness is
obtained after they have been repeatedly subjected to the action of the alkaline lye.
The advantages obtained by bleaching with this bath are an easier destruction of the
pectic matter and a lessening of the exposures on the bleaching grounds.
For the bleaching of vegetable tissues other than jute dyed with colors which are
not to fade during the process a bath is used composed of chloride of lime soda or

page_text: potash and a part of binoxide of barium and of nitrate of strontia or nitrate of
soda or nitrate of potash in which bath the tissue is repeatedly immersed until a good
result is obtained.
To bleach jute either in yarn or fibre tissue a bath is used composed of soap of any
kind and chloride of lime of the strongth of 1° or 2° Baumé in which the jute is
repeatedly immersed until a good result is obtained.
Paper-pulp, rhea and china grass may also be bleached with these chemical baths.
The proportions and strength of the ingredients of which the various baths are
composed are given below, my correspondent does not however limit himself to the
exact figures these being given merely to aid others in carrying out the invention.
1. The degree of the sulphuric acid bath is 1° Baumé for the first bath and 1° for
the others.
2. The degree for colored fabric is 1° Baumé for the first bath and 18° for the
others.
3. The proportions of soda or potash are 60 kilogrammes of soda or potash and
100 kilos of chloride of lime.
4. With chloride of lime only, 1 per cent. of saccharic acid and per cent. of
acetic acid is added. If the bath is made of chloride of lime and saccharic acid
only 300 grammes of oxalic acid are added.
5. Baths of chloride of lime, binoxide of barium and nitrate of strontia, soda or
potash 100 kilos chloride of lime, 3 kilos binoxide of barium, 6 kilos nitrate of
strontia, soda or potash.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is
1. In the bleaching of vegetable tissues the combination of baths composed substan-
tially as herein described.
2. The complete process for bleaching vegetable tissues consisting in the use of a
combination of baths in manner substantially as shown and described.
Dated thin 2nd day of Mo 1900
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents.