IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND DYEING COTTON AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Albert Gatty, of Accrington, in the
County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND DYEING COTTON AND OTHER FABRICS."
Sealed the 19th May 1863, and dated the 25th February 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Albert Gatty
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th February 1863.
I, FREDERICK ALBERT GATTY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND DYEING COTTON AND OTHER FABRICS," to be
as follows:-
My improvements consist, firstly, in producing a black colour in combination
with other colours in the following manner:-The cotton or other fabrics are
impregnated with a mixture of acetate of alumina and chromate of potash, or
any other soluble chromate, and when dry they are printed with a thickened
solution of a salt of aniline, or other similar tar product, which forms the black
colour;
the goods are then treated in the same way as ordinary mor-
danted cloth intended for dyeing in madder, garancine, or any other colouring
matter.
Secondly, I produce a black colour upon a white or Turkey-red ground by
operating in the manner above described, but instead of using acetate of
alumina with the chromate of potash, the Turkey-red or white cloth is

page_text: impregnated with a solution of a soluble chromate only, and then printed
with a thickened solution of an aniline salt or other suitable tar product.
When the goods are dry they are washed as usual.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said. Frederick Albert Gatty in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 13th August 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
ALBERT GATTY, of Accrington, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing
Chemist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of February, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, Her special license that
I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING AND DYEING
COTTON AND OTHER FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Frederick Albert Gatty, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same, to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that the said Frederick Albert Gatty, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
My Invention consists in producing a black colour, either in combination
with other colours or alone, on cotton and other fabrics in the following
manner: When the fabrics are intended to be prepared with mordant for
dyeing I take acitate of alumina, commonly called red liquor, at ten degrees

page_text: of Twaddle's hydrometer, and dissolve in it eight ounces of bi-chromate of
potash to every gallon of the acitate of alumina; any other soluble chromate
will answer the purpose, but I prefer to use the bi-chromate of potash. I
then pad or otherwise impregnate the cotton or other fabrics with the said
mixture of acitate of alumina and bi-chromate of potash, and dry them; they
are then printed with a thickened solution of a salt of aniline or other similar
tar products. I find the following proportions to answer best:-One gallon
of water is thickened with one pound of starch or other suitable thickening
substance, and, when cold, I add one pound of aniline previously mixed with
one pound and a quarter of muriatic acid of commerce and one pound of
water. Although I prefer to use muriatic acid, various other acids will
answer the same purpose. After the fabrics have been printed they are treated
in the same way as mordanted fabrics which are intended to be dyed with
madder, garancine, or other colouring matters.
To produce the same black upon white or Turkey-red grounds alone, or
printed at the same time with other colours, or with mordants, the white or
Turkey-red fabrics are padded or otherwise impregnated with a solution of
eight ounces of bi-chromate of potash neutralized by eight ounces of car-
bonate of soda or other suitable alkali per gallon of water, dried, and then
printed with an aniline colour prepared as described above. After printing,
in cases where no mordant has been used or printed with the black, the fabrics
are only washed and cleansed in water in the ordinary way. When a mordant
has been printed with the black, the fabrics must be treated according to the
requirements of such mordants without reference to the black.
I wish to observe that I do not confine myself to the exact proportions
named above, as these may be varied without materially changing the results;
but what I claim is, producing a black colour upon cotton and other fabrics
by printing a thickened solution of a salt of aniline or other similar tar
products upon fabrics prepared with a soluble chromate, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Albert Gatty, have hereto
set my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of August, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-three.
F. A. GATTY. (LS.)