Improvements in Stop Valves.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Aug., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 13th May, 1892-Accepted, 25th June, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stop Valves.
We, JOHN ADDY HOPKINSON and JOSEPH HOPKINSON, both of the firm of
J. Hopkinson & Co., of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Engineers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to stop valves and comprises the improvements hereinafter
set forth.
One part of our invention relates to stop valves in which the valve proper
consists of a pair of plates or discs arranged to slide on and between a pair of
parallel faces or seats in the body of the valve casing, such for. example as
Hopkinson's parallel sliding throughway valves.
The object of this part of our invention is to so arrange that such valves may be
opened and closed more easily than is possible with the valves as heretofore
constructed.
For this purpose we provide in the valve casing an additional thoroughfare
which forms a communication between the ingress and egress sides of the valve,
and also with the interior of the valve, that is to say with the chamber in which
the sliding discs work. We place in the said thoroughfare a plug or valve for the
purpose of opening and closing the same. This plug or valve we attach to the.
valve spindle or to any fixing which carries the valve in such a manner that it is
operated by the sliding movements of the said valve
According to one mode of carrying our invention into effect we provide in the
aforesaid additional thoroughfare a seating adapted to receive a plug preferably
of conical form, which plug when inserted in the said seating will close the
thoroughfare.
The aforesaid seating is preferably arranged to be in line with the axis of the
valve spindle, and the plug is suitably attached to or is formed with the valve
spindle, or to any fixing employed for carrying the valve, in such a manner that
when the spindle is operated to open and close the valve the plug moved
simultaneously therewith and opens and closes the supplemental thoroughfare.
The said plug is with advantage constructed with a considerable taper so that a
slight movement thereof suffices to ensure a quick and more efficient opening. The
arrangement is such that the plug forms a stop to limit the traverse of the valve
when closing, but does not close the additional thoroughfare until the main valve
has travelled the required lap or cover of its seat.
The valve is opened and closed by any of the methods now employed.
It is obvious that our improved valve will be easy to open and shut because
immediately the valve spindle is started for the purpose of opening the valve the
aforesaid plug is at once raised and opens the communication through the supple-
mental thoroughfare, between the ingress and egress sides of the valve, before the
valve itself is opened. The said valve is thereby placed substantially in equilibrium
of pressure and can therefore be opened with ease. So also, when closing the
valve, equilibrium of pressure is maintained on both sides the valve until the
supplemental thoroughfare is closed, which as before described only occurs when
the valve is fully closed.
Another part of our invention relates to mushroom stop valves. Heretofore
such valves have been constructed with guides for the valve proper situated in the
thoroughfare, that is to say, the valve has been heretofore constructed with a
spindle working in a guide hole formed in cross bars provided in the valve seat, or
it has been provided with guide wings. In either case the area of the opening is
restricted by such guides, and the efficiency of the valve is thereby diminished.

page_text: Now this part of our invention has for its object to dispense with the necessity
for such guides. In carrying our invention into effect we employ a valve seat
without cross bars and socket guide, and we construct the valve so that the spindle
when forcing the same down bears on a surface at the back of the valve which is
below the level of the valve face. We moreover provide the back of the valve
with a long neck so as to give ample bearing on the spindle. We do not rigidly
attach the valve to the spindle but preferably secure it thereto by a nut which is
screwed on the spindle to form a collar that works in a cavity provided for it in
the valve.
We provide the valve box cover with an inwardly extending sleeve which
projects downward or inward around the spindle and serves as a lateral support
therefor, at the same time allowing of the full lift of the valve. We make the
spindle very strong to resist bending action.
Our improved valve is preferably made with a flat seat so as to facilitate
grinding the same. We can, however, make the seat conical, in which case we
prefer to provide a removable guide for application to the valve seat to support the
valve when grinding.
The aforesaid valve accords an unrestricted opening or thoroughfare equal to the
full area of the valve.
In a modification of our invention we provide guides or wings on the back of the
valve, and we construct a corresponding socket or guide on the interior of the
valve box cover for the said wings to work in. We thus provide for effectually
supporting the valve laterally.
Dated this 20th day of August 1891.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stop Valves.
We, JOHN ADDY HOPKINSON and JOSEPH HOPKINSON, of the firm of
J. Hopkinson & Co., of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Engineers, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :---
.
Our invention relates to stop valves and comprises the improvements hereinafter
set forth.
One part of our said invention relates to stop valves of the kind wherein the valve
proper consists of a pair of plates or discs arranged to slide on and between a pair
of parallel faces or seats in the body of the valve casing, such for example as those
known as Hopkinson's parallel sliding throughway valves, the object of this part of
our invention being to so arrange, that such valves may be opened and closed more
easily than is the case with the valves as heretofore constructed.
Another part of our said invention relates to mushroom stop valves and has for
its object to dispense with the necessity for guides in the valve seating, which
guides restrict the available area of the thoroughfare, and to otherwise improve the
construction of the valve.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate our invention,
Figure 1 is a vertical central section of a parallel sliding throughway valve
provided with one form of our improved means for enabling the valve to be opened
and closed more easily.
Figures 2 and 3 are similar sections showing two modifications of the arrange-
ment shown in Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a vertical central section of a mushroom stop valve for a straight
length of pipe, provided with our improved guides which allow of an unrestricted
thoroughfare in the value seat.

page_text: Figure 5 is a vertical central section of a junction valve provided with the last
named improvement.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawings.
A is the valve-body or casing; B is the valve proper which in Figures 1 to 3
5 consists of a pair of parallel sliding plates, and in Figures 4 and 5 is of the mush-
room type; C is the valve spindle.
In carrying out the first part of our invention we provide in the preferred
construction as shown in Figure 1 a thoroughfare or bye-pass a within the valve
casing, the said thoroughfare forming a communication between the ingress and
egress sides of the valve and also with the chamber between the plates B, B. We
provide in the said thoroughfare a valve seat & preferably in line with the valve
spindle C, and we form with or attach to the lower end of the valve spindle a small
plug or valve c adapted to bed in and close the said valve seat after the main
valve is properly shut. The said plug or valve c may be attached to any fixing
which carries the main valve instead of to the valve spindle C as shown. The plug
or valve e is with advantage constructed with considerable taper so that a slight
movement thereof suffices to ensure a large opening. The main valve is opened
and closed by any of the ordinary methods now employed for the purpose. When
the valve spindle is started for the purpose of opening the main valve, the plug e is
thereby immediately raised from its seat and opens a communication between the
ingress and egress sides of the valve and the chamber between the valve plates B
through the thoroughfare a, thus placing the main valve B substantially in
equilibrium of pressure and relieving or removing the pressure of the valve against
its seat. The valve can therefore be opened with case as soon as the spindle has
been started. When closing the valve, the plug c does not bed in its seat until the
main valve has traversed the required lap over the edge of the main valve seat;
consequently the thoroughfare a remains open until the very instant the valve is
properly screwed home and thereby maintains the two sides of the valve
approximately in equilibrium of pressure until the valve is properly closed, and so
enabling the valve to be shut with ease. The plug c serves as a stop to limit the
downward travel of the valve when closing.
We preferably leave a small amount of play between the main valve and its
operating parts as shown at C³ so that the plug valve will be slightly lifted when
opening the valve before the main valve is moved.
It
In Figure 2 we have shown a modified arrangement of our improved valve.
will be seen that in this construction the main valve is not reversible, one side only
of the casing as indicated by the arrows being available for use as the ingress
side.
Figure 3 shows another modification of our improved valve wherein the
thoroughfare a communicates with one side of the valve only and with the chamber
between the valve plates B. This valve also is not reversible and can only be used
in the direction indicated by the arrows.
The second part of our invention relates to mushroom stop-valves. Heretofore
such valves have been made with a guide or guides for the valve in the valve seat
itself or with wings on the valve proper. These guides diminish very much the
available area of the thoroughfare, and the efficiency of the valve is thereby
impaired. According to this part of our invention we arrange the guides for the
valve in a part of the casing where they will not restrict the thoroughfare, and we
provide an improved connection between the valve proper and its spindle as herein-
after described whereby a more substantial and durable valve is obtained than
heretofore constructed. As shown in Figures 4 and 5 we make the valve seat
without cross bars and socket guide, and where the valve box or casing is made of
iron we prefer to construct the seat as described in the Specification of a former
Patent granted to us No. 4402 dated 11th March 1891. We make the valve
convex on the lower face, and furnish the upper side or back thereof with a long
hollow neck or sleeve B₁ adapted to receive the spindle. The lower end of the
socket of the said neck B' is below the level of the valve face, and the end of the

page_text: valve spindle C which bears upon the bottom of the said socket therefore maintains
the valve in stable equilibrium. The neck B' is arranged at B² to receive a nut C
which screws on the spindle C and is preferably fixed thereon. and prevented from
turning by a pin C². The said nut C serves to lift the valve when the spindle is
raised. Ď is a sleeve formed on or attached to the inner face of the lid or cover
and extending downward around the spindle C. D' is a bush in the lower end of
the said sleeve which bush fits the upper end of the neck B' of the valve and
acts as a guide for the valve and also as a strengthening support for the spindle.
This sleeve also effectually protects the valve spindle from what is known as
"water hammer."
We make our improved valve preferably with a flat face and flat, valve seat so
as to facilitate grinding the said seat. We may however make the seat conical in
which case we prefer to provide a removable guide for application to the valve seat
to support the valve when grinding it on its seat.
It is obvious that the above described valve affords an unrestricted opening or
thoroughfare equal to the full area of the valve.
The junction valve shown in Figure 5 is constructed similarly to Figure 4 with
the exception that the nut through which the valve spindle works is mounted in.
the sleeve D instead of being formed in a cross bar carried by pillars on the valve
cover as in Figure 4. It is obvious that we could if desired mount the said nut on
pillars carried by the valve casing cover as in Figure 4 or in any other suitable.
manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1. In a stop-valve of the kind' wherein the valve proper consists of a pair of discs.
or plates sliding between two parallel faces or seats, the provision of a bye-pass
communicating with the ingress and egress sides of the valve and with the chamber
between the sliding valve discs or plates, for the purpose specified.
2. In a parallel sliding stop valve, such as herein described, the provision of a
bye-pass communicating with the ingress and egress sides of the valve casing and
with the chamber between the sliding valve plates or discs, and a supplementary
valve in the said bye-pass, which is opened and closed by the main valve spindle,
for the purpose specified.
3. The combination with the main valve, of a bye-pass valve which arranged
to open and close, relatively to the main valve, as above set forth, and for the
purpose specified.
4. The stop-valve constructed substantially as described with reference to
Figure 1 or to either of the modifications shown in Figures 2 and 3, and operating.
as, and for the purpose, specified..
5. A stop-valve wherein there is a valve proper of the mushroom type provided
with a neck which works in a fixed sleeve projecting from the valve casing cover,
and having an unrestricted thoroughfare through the valve seat substantially as,
and for the purpose, specified.
6. The stop-valve constructed substantially as described with reference to
Figure 4 or to Figure 5 of the drawings and operating, as, and for the purpose,
specified.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45; Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicants.