IMPROVEMENTS IN WARDING MILLS AND Haze
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Sutcliffe, of Levenshulme, near the City
of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARDING MILLS AND Haze"
Sealed the 19th March 1869, and dated the 26th September 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Sutcliffe at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th September 1868.
I, JAMES SUTCLIFFE, of Levenshulme, near the City of Manchester, in
the County of Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARPING MILLS AND HECKS," to be
as follows:-
The object of my improvements is, in the first place, to make the
warping heck last double, treble, or any number of times longer than
hecks as hitherto made. I accomplish this as follows:-Instead of
putting only one hole in each shank as hitherto I put two, three, or
any number of holes for the eyes on one shank, so that when one hole
is cut the warper can use another, and so on until he has used all the
holes.

page_text: The object of the Invention is, in the second place, to make warping
hecks cheaper. Instead of brass racks and forged eyes I make the
hecks of flat rods of steel or iron by laying two rods of flat iron or
steel side by side instead of the brass racks, and riveting or screwing
short pieces of flat iron or steel to them and putting two, three, or any
number of holes in the flat steel or iron to form the eyes.
I may also make the hecks by putting one, two, three, or more
holes in the centre of flat steel or iron rods and arranging a flat rod
along the top and bottom of these rods so as to form the shed by a
rod on the top and bottom.
The improvement in the warping mill consists in arranging the
driving shaft along the top or bottom of the mill, and at right angles
to the mill, the driving being accomplished by either wheels or friction
pulleys. By this arrangement the mill has not so many wearing parts
and consequently less oil will be used. I prefer friction rollers to
drive the mill although wheels may be used if more convenient.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Sutcliffe in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 25th March 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
SUTCIFFE, of Levenshulme, near the City of Manchester, in the County
of Lancaster, Machinist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said James Sutcliffe, Her special licence that I,
the said James Sutcliffe, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said James Sutcliffe, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WARPING MILLS AND

page_text: НвскS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James
Sutcliffe, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Sutcliffe, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
The object of my improvements is, in the first place, to make the
warping heck last double or treble or any number of times longer than
hecks as hitherto made. I accomplish this as follows:-Instead of
putting only one hole on cach shank as hitherto I put two, three, or
any number of holes for the eyes on one shank, so that when one hole
is cut the warper can use another, and so on until he has used all the
holes.
The object of my Invention, is in the second place, to make warping
hecks cheaper. Instead of brass racks and forged eyes I make the
hecks of flat rods of steel or iron by laying two rods of flat iron or
steel side by side instead of the brass racks and rivetting or screwing
short pieces of flat iron or steel to them and putting two, three, or
any number of holes in the flat iron or steel to form the eyes.
I may also make hecks by putting one, two, three, or more holes
in the centre of flat steel or iron rods and arranging a flat rod along
the top and bottom of these rods so as to form the shed by a rod on
top and bottom.
My improvement in warping mills consists in arranging the driving
shaft along the top or bottom of the mill at right angles to the mill
and using either wheels or friction pulleys for driving the mill. By
this arrangement the mill has not so many wearing parts and con-
sequently less oil will be used. I prefer friction pulleys to drive the
mill, although wheels may be used if more convenient.
In order to further explain my Invention I proceed to describe the
annexed Drawings, which illustrate the methods I prefer to adopt as

page_text: being the best means that I am acquainted with for putting my
Invention into practice.
In Figure 1 a represents the common hecks as hitherto used with
one eye; e, e, represent my improved hecks having two, three, or
more eyes.
Figure 2 represents the improved hecks made of flat iron or steel
rods a, a, a, having a number of eyes b, b, b, and being fixed to flat
bars c, c.
Figure 3 represents another arrangement of my improved hecks;
a, a, a, are flat iron or steel rods fixed to flat bars c, c, at top and bottom;
b, b, b, are the holes which may be of any number.
Figures 4, 5, and 6 represent my mode of driving warping mills;
a is a disc of thin metal fixed to the upright shaft of the warping
mill; e, e¹, are two friction pulleys under the disc a and fixed on to the
shafts d and d¹; on these shafts (which are carried by the bearings m, m,)
are also fixed the wheels c, c¹, gearing into each other; on the shaft di
is fixed the driving pulley f which when revolved will impart motion
to the two shafts d and d¹ in such a way that these shafts revolve in
contrary directions, and the friction rollers e, e', with them. In order
that the warping mill may be revolved in either direction I use a
small friction wheel g on the upper side of the disc a. This friction
wheel is carried by the stud and crank i, the crank i is fixed on
the shaft l, which also carries the hand lever so that as the lever k
is moved on one side or the other the friction roller g is pressed on
either the friction pulley e or e¹, and the mill may thus be driven in
the required direction. The same letters refer to the same parts.
Figure 7 shows a method for driving the warping mill from the top
or bottom. a is the upright and central shaft of the warping mill;
a bevil wheel b is fixed to the upper part of this shaft; the pinions e, e',
gear into this wheel b; the pinion e is fixed to the shaft d on which
is also fixed the pulley e; the pulley f revolves loosely on this shaft
as also the boss g; to this boss are fixed the pinion e¹ and the
pulley h.
It is evident that as one or the other of the pinions c, c¹,
drives the upright shaft a it is caused to revolve in opposite directions.
i, i, are bearings to carry the shaft d.
Figure 8 shows another method of driving the warping mill. a is the
upright shaft of the mill; 6 is a metal disc fixed to this upright shaft;

page_text: c is a shaft at the bottom or top of the mill revolving in the bearings d, d,
having fixed to it the friction pulleys e, e¹, and the driving pulley f.
I use small guide pulleys g, g', on the top of the disc; these guide
pulleys are held at the end of the levers h, h, as either of these levers
are pressed on the disc bit brings the disc in contact with either of the
friction pulleys e or e¹, and consequently the disc will be rotated in
cither direction. I connect the two levers h, h', together by the train
of levers and rods i, k, l, m, n, so that if the pulley g is brought to
bear on the disc b the pulley g' is raised clear of the disc, and vice versa.
Figure 9 represents another mode of driving the warping mill.
the upright shaft; b, the metal disc; c is a horizontal shaft carried by the
bearings d, d¹, and on which are fixed the friction pulleys e, e'. ff, are
guide pulleys to prevent the disc rising too high.
In order to revolve the mill in different directions I cause the shaft c
to slide horizontally by means of the lever in such a way that when
the friction pulley e is under the disc b the friction pulley e¹ is clear
of it, or vice versa, according to the direction the mill is to be turned.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Sutcliff, have hereunto set
my hand and scal, this 24 day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.
JAMES SUTCLIFFE. (L.S.)