Preventing and Removing Incrustation of Boilers.
Year: 1899

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Preventing and Removing Incrustation of Boilers.
We, CHARLES EDWARD MCALLISTER and RONALD MCALLISTER, both of Heath-
field, in the Parish of Plumstead and County of London, Gentlemen, and
WILLIAM THOMAS HARRIS, of 4, Winns Cottages, Plumstead Common, in the
Parish of Plumstead and County of London. Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of our invention to be as follows:-
We have discovered that certain substances not hitherto used for the purpose
will if applied as hereinafter indicated prevent the incrustation of boilers by
the deposit formed by water of the ordinary quality where boiled and evaporated
therein, and also that the same will if applied as hereinafter indicated remove
such deposit if it has already been formed, and our invention relates to the use
of the said substances for the said purposes.
The substances which we use are the ammoniacal liquor of gas works, or the
like article otherwise produced; and crude, that is to say unrefined, sugar, such
as is known as foots," and we find that either these substances used separately
has a certain cleansing power in respect of boiler deposit, but that this power is
much greater when they are used together, and we prefer to mix them and
introduce the mixture into the boiler with the feed water (or as may be most
convenient).
If the boiler is already coated internally with deposit we introduce a suffi-
cient quantity of the mixture with the feed water or otherwise, from time to
time as may be deemed expedient, while the engine is working and this will
loosen and detach the deposit formed and cause it to accumulate at the bottom
of the boiler in such condition that it can be removed by opening the mud-hole
or man-hole and raking out or otherwise removing the contents which will be
found in the form of a loose deposit.
If after the boiler has been thus cleansed it be refilled with the addition to the
water of a small quantity of our said compound, no further deposit will be
formed, or if formed it will not adhere to the surface of the boiler, and conse-
quently when the boiler is blown out all the matter which would in the usual
course of things be deposited on the inner surface of the boiler will be found as
previously described.
Although the substances used in combination are to be preferred yet each of
them will answer the purpose in an imperfect or less perfect manner if used
alone.
It will be obvious that similar or equivalent substances may be obtained from
other sources than those indicated above but it is doubtful whether they can be
obtained so cheaply from any other source and moreover we are of opinion that
the impurities or adventitious constituents present in these articles assist in their
action and render them more efficient than they would otherwise be.

page_text: We may make a solid or condensed preparation thereof for the purpose of
reducing the cost of freight and storage and for general convenience.
Tatal the 15th day of July 1900
We, CHARLES EDWARD MCALLISTER and RONALD MCALLISTER, both of Heath-
field, in the Parish of Plumstead and County of London, Gentlemen, and
WILLIAM THOMAS HARRIS, of 4, Winns Cottages, Plumstead Common, in the
Parish of Plumstead and County of London, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of our invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
We have discovered that certain substances not hitherto used for the purpose
will if applied as hereinafter indicated prevent the incrustation of boilers by
the deposit formed by water of ordinary quality when boiled and evaporated
therein, and also that the same will if applied as hereinafter indicated remove
such deposit if it has already been formed, and our invention relates to the use
of the said substances for the said purposes.
The substances which we use are the ammoniacal liquor of gas works or the
like article otherwise produced; and crude, that is to say unrefined, sugar, such
as is known as "foots," and we find that either of these substances used separately
has a certain cleansing power in respect of boiler deposit, but that this power is
much greater when they are used together, and we prefer to mix them and
introduce the mixture into the boiler with the feed water (or otherwise as may be
most convenient).
If the boiler is already coated internally with deposit we introduce a suffi-
cient quantity of the mixture with the feed water or otherwise, from time to
time, as may be deemed expedient while the engine is working and this will
loosen and detach the deposit formed and cause it to accumulate at the bottom
of the boiler in such condition that it can be removed by opening the mud-hole
or man-hole and raking out or otherwise removing the contents which will be
found in the form of a loose deposit.
If after the boiler has been thus cleansed it be refilled with the addition to the
water of a small quantity of our said compound, no further deposit will be
formed, or if formed it will not adhere to the surface of the boiler, and conse-
quently when the boiler is blown out all the matter which would in the usual
course of things be deposited on the inner surface of the boiler will be found as
previously described and in a condition to be easily removed.
Although the substances used in combination are to be preferred yet each of
them will answer the purpose in an imperfect or less perfect manner if used
alone.
For use as above described we take one gallon of gas works ammoniacal liquor
or ammoniacal liquor otherwise produced, but in either case it should be as free
as practicable from iron, and preferably of the strength known as 10 ounce (that
is to say 5 degrees Twaddle) and in this we dissolve 1 lb. of Foots sugar, that
known in the trade as Geogory sugar answers the purpose well, and of this
solution we use about six gallons by way of a first application to clean a twenty
horse power boiler which is already crusted, and after the old crust has been thus
removed we use about one gallon for each period of twelve hours, but it will be

page_text: obvious that these quantities must vary somewhat widely according to the amount
of temporary hardness of the water used in the boiler and otherwise.
It is advantageous to add a small quantity of soda, or carbonate of soda, say
about half a pound for a twenty horse power boiler, to be added some, say
twelve, hours previous to the boiler being blown out.
A convenient method of introducing the solution into the boiler is either to
mix it in and introduce it with the feed water, or it may be introduced by means
of a large lubricator fixed on the top of manhole door."
It will be obvious that similar or equivalent substances may be obtained from
other sources than those indicated above but it is doubtful whether they can be
obtained so cheaply from any other source and moreover we are of opinion that
the impurities or adventitious constituents present in these articles assist in their
action and render them more efficient than they would otherwise be.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is: -
(1) For the purpose of preventing or removing the incrustation of steam
boilers the use of the above described mixture of crude ammoniacal liquor and
crude sugar either with or without the addition of soda substantially as
described.
(2) For the purpose of preventing or removing the incrustation of boilers the
use of a solution of ammonia and sugar either with or without the addition of soda
or carbonate of soda substantially as described.
(3) For the purpose of preventing or removing the incrustation of boilers the
use of crude ammoniacal liquor alone substantially as above described.
(4) For the purpose of preventing or removing the incrustation of boilers the
use of crude sugar known as Foots or Geogory substantially as described.
Dated the 17th day of
1000
CHAS. E. MCALLISTER,
RONALD
MCALLISTER,
W. T. HARRIS.