Year: 1887

page_text: . I, STEPHENSON COPELAND of Beverley in the county of York, Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
My invention relates to improvements in bearings for the wheels of carts, drays
carriages and like vehicles and I will describe it as applied to a wooden wheel or a
wheel with a wooden nave.
I construct a suitable metallic bush which might be of chilled iron or steel or other
suitable metal and be either tapered on its exterior surface or be feathered or formed
to drive into or be secured to the nave. One end of this bush carries an annulus or
collar to fit the fixed axle on which the wheel revolves:
I place between this fixed axle and the aforesaid bush a series of rollers which may
be recessed at certain points of their length to run in suitable rings or collars fecessed
to receive them or, the rollers may carry short necks to fit into end rings and into
centre or intermediate rings or collars or the rollers may run in end" grooves and
against each other. The whole arrangement is placed in the bush between the latter
and the fixed axle so that the said rollers bear on the axle and the bush. A screwed
cap closes the bearing and provides for the introduction of lubricant.
The surface of the rollers may be straight or may be curved or cut away at certain
portions or be formed as a thread or screw or otherwise so that the entire surface
of the roller does not touch the bush but only at certain points.
When I adapt my invention to the Male Patent Longbolt axle I place a flange or
collar on the outer end of the bush to which the bolts pass to the rear flange or collar,
a cap to retain lubricant being screwed on the outer flange or collar.
•
Where a metal nave is used I can if desired dispense with the bush and fit the
roller bearings and retaining collars or rings and the caps to the nave or hub adapted
to receive the rollers.

page_text: I STEPHENSON COPELAND of Beverley in the county of York, Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in bearings for the wheels of carts, drays,
carriages and like vehicles and I will proceed to describe it as applied to a wooden
navo.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings and to the Figures and letters of
reference marked thereon.
Figure 1. is a sectional elevation of an anti-frictional axle fitted according to my
invention and ready for driving or otherwise fitting into the nave of the wheel.
I construct a suitable metallic bush A which might be of chilled iron or steel or
other suitable metal and be either tapered on its exterior surface or be feathered or
formed to drive into or be secured to the nave, as shown. B. Bare feathers or lugs fixed
on the tapered part of the bush which feathers or lugs can be driven into the nave.
I place between the fixed axle D and the aforesaid bush A a series of rollers F.
Referring to Figures 2 and 3 which shew elevations of rollers such may be recessed
at certain points G. G in their length to run in grooves or indentations H in suitable
rings or collars I Figure 4, and which collars themselves are on the fixed axle D and
run thereon or therewith, or, referring to Figure 5. the rollers may carry short
necks J. to fit in holes in end rings not shewn and I may if desired use centre or
intermediate rings or collars or the rollers may run in end grooves and against each
other.
Figure 6. shews a transverse section on line a-b Figure 1.
A screwed cap K. closes the bearing and provides for the introduction of lubricant.
The surface of the rollers F may be straight as in Figure 5. or may be curved or
waved as in Figure 3. or be cut away at certain portions or be formed as a thread or
screw or otherwise so that the entire surface of the roller does not touch the bush but
only at certain points.
Part of the cap K is reduced in size and externally screwed.
A washer Labuts against this and a cotter M running through the axle secures all,
a cap shewn in dotted lines screws on to the exterior screwed portion of K and retains
the lubricant. -
When I adapt my invention to the Male Patent Longbolt axle I place a flange or
collar on the outer end of the bush to which the bolts pass to the rear flange using
the lubricant-retaining cap as before.
Where a metal nave is used I can if desired dispense with the bush A and fit the
roller bearings and retaining collars or rings and the caps to the nave or hub adapted
to receive them.

page_text: By the use of my invention a self-contained roller bearing is easily fitted to and
removed from a nave or hub.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First. My improvements in bearings for the wheels of carts drays, carriages and
like vehicles substantially as describod and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Secondly. In roller bearings for the wheels of carts, drays carriages and like
vehicles the employment of rollers having their peripheral surfaces curved, cut away
or formed so that they only touch the bearing at certain points, said rollers being also
necked at certain points to run in rings formed to receive them and bearing on the
main axle substantially as described.
POPPLEWELL, COLTON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.