IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Hall, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, and James Hobson, of the same Place, Foreman, for an
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Hall and James
Hobson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th June
1881.
ROBERT HALL, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, and
JAMES HOBSON, of the same Place, Foreman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING."
Our Invention relates to looms for weaving tapestry and Brussels carpets, looped
goods, sealskin, Utrecht velvets, slopper cloths, plush, and other similar fabrics,
and consists, first, in an improved wire motion; and, second, in the application of
an improved temple.
In performing the first part of our Invention we use a grooved lever to carry
the wire that forms the loop in the fabric woven. The groove in this lever is the
full length of the wire. The wire is fixed or soldered in a metal head, in which is
a slot to receive a spring hook on the carriage, which withdraws the wire from the
fabric. The wire is drawn into the groovo in the lever which supports its whole
length. The lever is hinged at the outer end of the slide, and it is moved
backward and forward by a tappet fitted at the end of the loom or other wise to
guide the wire into the shed. The carriage fitted on the slide pushes the wire
into the shed, and a spring catch on the carriage takes into a V groove ate top
of the wire head, which causes the wire to travel with the carriage, whether it
moves inward or outward. This spring catch is released by a projection on the
inner end of the slide when the wire has been placed in the shed. The spring
hook on the carriage draws back the first wire woven (or placed in the shed); the

page_text: spring catch carries the wire when the lever is moved forward, as the wire head
is then drawn away from the spring hook.
The wires pass under the projection which releases the wire head when the
wire has been placed in the shed. The grooved lever enables us to dispense with
the catches and fingers used in ordinary wire motions for guiding the wire, and
the wire is prevented from vibrating, consequently the loom may be run at a high
speed. In performing the second part of our Invention we place a temple in a
groove or trough in the breast plate the full width of the cloth to resist the lateral
strain when the wire is withdrawn, which keeps the cloth the full width of tho
reed. We use this temple without a press roller, and the cloth passes over the
temple.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Robert Hall and James Hobson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 5th December 1881.
ROBERT HALL, of Bury, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, and
JAMES HOBSON, of the samo Place, Foreman. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING."
Our Invention relates to looms for weaving tapestry and Brussels carpets, looped
goods, sealskin, Utrecht velvets, slopper cloths, plush, and other similar fabrics,
and consists, first, in an improved wire motion; and, second, in the application of
an improved temple.
In performing the first part of our Invention we use a grooved lever to carry
the wire that forms the loop in the fabric woven. The groove in this lever is the
full length of the wire. The wire is fixed or soldered in a metal head, in which is
a slot to receive a spring hook on the carriage, which withdraws the wire from the
fabric. The wire is drawn into the groove in the lever which supports its whole
length. The lever is hinged at the outer end of the slide, and it is moved
backward and forward by a tappet on a stud fitted on the loom sido or otherwise
to guide the wire into the shed. The carriage fitted on the slide pushes the wire
into the shed, and a spring catch on the carriage takes into a V groove at the top
of the wire head, which causes the wire to travel with the carriage, whether it
move inward or outward. This spring catch is released by a projection on the
inner end of the slide when the wire has been placed in the shed. The spring
hook on the carriage draws back the first wire woven (or placed in the shed); the
spring catch carries the wire when the lever is moved forward, as the wire head is
then drawn away from the spring hook.
The wires pass under the projection which releases the wire head when the wire
has been placed in the shed.
The grooved lever enables us to dispense with the catches and fingers used in
ordinary wire motions for guiding the wire, and the wire is prevented from
vibrating, consequently the loom may be run at a high speed.
In performing the second part of our Invention, which is particularly applicable
in weaving soft fabrics, we place a temple in a groove or trough in the breast plate.
the full width of the cloth to resist the lateral strain when the wire is withdrawn,
which keeps the cloth the full width of the reed. We use this temple without a
press roller, and the cloth passes over the temple.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect, we will describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being
had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation showing part of a loom to which our improved wire
motion is applied, Fig. 2 is an end elevation, and Fig. 3 is a plan of the same.
Fig. 4 shows a wire with improved head.
a is the grooved lever, ono end of which is fitted and oscillates on a stud or
pin b at the outer end of the slide c. The free or inner end of the lever a is
moved backward and forward by the tappet d working against a bowl e on the
vibrating lever f fitted on a stud g fixed to the loom side. A spring h, one end of
which is fastened to the loom side, and the other end of which is fastened to the
bottom of the lever f, causes the bowl e to bear against the tappet d. The upper
end of the lever fis connected to a projection on the grooved lever a by a link i.
The tappet d is caused to rotate by a spur wheel j on the crank shaft of the loom
which gears into the spur wheel k, which, with the tappet d, turns on a stud fixed
to the loom side. The inner end of the lever a is moved backward towards the

page_text: open part of the shed as the carriage on the slide c is moved inward to push &
wire into the shed, and the inner end of the lever a begins to move forward
towards the front of the loom before the carriage has completed its inward
movement, and the lever dwells before passing the stop piece to allow the wire
head to be moved in between 7 and the projection p. When the lever has reached
the position shown in dotted lines on Fig. 3, the carriage is moved outward to
draw a wire from the fabric into the groove in the lever a. The carriage is
actuated in the usual manner. On it is fixed the spring book m pressed in ward
by the spring m'. The spring n is also fixed on the carriage, and on it is a taper
catch or projection, which enters a V shaped notch in the needle head O to
move a needle into the shed when the carringe 2 is moved inward. p is a pro-
jection fixed to the inner end of the slide c, which raises the spring n clear of the
needle head, and allows the needle to be left in the shed. The lever is then
moved forward ready to receive the needle in the fabric nearest the front roller.
The spring hook m enters the square hole in the head of this needle (the spring n
still being raised by the projection p) and draws the needle from the fabric into
the grooved lever with the outward movement of the carriage. r is a stop piece
to prevent two needles from being drawn from the fabric at the same time. When
the carriage has been moved outward a short distance, the catch on the spring n
enters the notch in the top of the needle head.
Fig. 5 is a cross_section, and Fig. 6 is a plan of part of a loom to which the
second part of our Invention is applied.
s is the breast plate in a groove, in which is fitted the temple t. This temple
extends the full width of the cloth, and its surface is roughed or covered with
needle points. The cloth passes over the temple. This temple effectually resists
the lateral strain when the wire is withdrawn, and keeps the cloth the full width
of the reed.
By the use of our Invention the production of a loom may be greatly increased,
and a superior fabric may be obtained at a low cost.
Having stated the nature of our Invention, and described the manner of
performing the same,
We declare that we claim,—
1. The lever a, in which is a groove to receive the wire mounted and actuated
substantially as and for the purpose shown and described.
2. The tappet d actuated and communicating motion to the lever a, as shown
and described.
3. The temple t fitted in the breast plate 8, as and for the purpose shown and
described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Robert Hall and James Hobson, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty fifth day of November, One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
ROBERT HALL. (L.S.)
JAMES HOBSON. (L.S.)