Improvements in Cultivators.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cultivators.
We, EDWARD HENRY NICHOLSON, and WILLIAM MATHIER, both of Newark-on-
Trent, in the County of Nottingham, Agricultural Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of our said invention to be as follows:-
Our improvements relate to the class of cultivator which have spring tines
mounted in groups upon section frames, that are pivotted at one end, and con-
sists of improved means of adjusting them to the various depths required in
cultivations, and also the pressure put upon them.
In carrying out our invention, in one method, we fix to the revolving lifting
axle a bracket having an arm extending backwards; to this arm we pivot a
double ended lever, one end of which is curved over the lifting axle in a forward
position, and the other end curved and extending backwards.
To the forward end of this lever we pivot a straight bar which has its other
end guided loosely in a projection formed on the bracket on the lifting axle,
between a shoulder, or collar on this bar and the projection on the bracket is
an open coiled spiral spring tending to raise the forward end of the lever and
depress the back end. The connection between the back end of the lever and
the section frame can be made in various ways, in one method, a radius rod is
jointed to the rear end of the section frame, the other end of the radius rod has
a series of holes through which a pin can be placed engaging with other holes
formed in the curved back end of the lever; thus not only can the length of the
radius rod be altered but also the length of the lever.
In another method the curved end of the lever extending backwards is jointed
and furnished with a quadrant end having a series of concentric holes, through
these holes and a slot in the lever, can be placed a pin, so that the angle of the
curved end of the lever can be varied and adjusted. The radius rod in this
case is always the same length, and is jointed both to the section frame and
to a sliding clamp on the curved end of the lever. By these means not only
can the height of the section frames be adjusted but also the pressure of the
spring upon them.
In a modification of our invention for the same purposes we pivot on the
underside of the rear bar of the section frame a lever having one end projecting
backwards and the other forwards. The back end of this lever is connected
to the lifting lever by a radius rod, and either the lifting lever or the radius
rod can be made adjustable as described above. The forward end of the section
frame lever is acted upon by an open coil spiral spring, carried by an extension
of the clip or bracket to which the lever is pivotted.
Another method for securing the same object relates to cultivators, in which

page_text: the section frames are pivotted to the main axle. To the section frame we rigidly
attach a vertical arm having a slotted hole through which the main axle passes.
Pivotted to this arm above the axle is a double ended lever the outer end of which
is pivotted to the usual locking links, and the other end to a connecting bar
attached to the arm below the axle, so forming a triangle. The connecting bar
is made with a series of holes so that the length of one of the sides of the triangle
can be altered and the angle of the lever to the arm varied, and with it the
height of the section frame. The slot in the arm allows a vertical as well as a
rotative play to the section frame.
+
The vertical arm is formed in one piece or rigidly attached to the main central
bar of the section frame; and the side bars are attached thereto with rule joints,
so that they may accomodate themselves to the inequalities of the land.
Dated 9th November 1897
GEORGE DOWNING & SONS,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agents.
improvements in Cultivators.
We, EDWARD HENRY NICHOLSON, and WILLIAM MATHER, both of Newark-upon-
Trent, in the County of Nottingham, Agricultural Engineers, do hereby declare
the nature of our said invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
Our improvements relate to that class of cultivators which have spring tines
mounted in groups upon section frames, that are pivotted at one end, and con-
sists of improved means of adjusting them to the various depths required in
cultivation, and also the pressure put upon them.
And in order that our said invention may be particularly described and ascer-
tained, reference is hereby made to the accompanying 4 sheets of drawings in
which similar figures and letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
Referring to Fig. 1, which illustrates one method of carrying out our invention,
we fix to the revolving lifting axle A a bracket having an arm a extending
backwards. To the arm a is pivotted a double ended lever 1, one end of which
is curved over the lifting axle A in a forward position; the other end is also
curved and extended backwards, as shown. To the forward end of this lever
we pivot a straight bar 2, the other end of the same bar being guided loosely
in a projection 3, formed integral with the bracket on the lifting axle A.
Between a shoulder or collar on this bar and the projection 3 on the bracket,
is an open coiled spiral spring 4, tending to raise the forward end of the lever
and depress the back end of the lever 1 and the section frame 10 may be made
in various ways. In one arrangement a radius rod 5 is pivoted at 11 to the rear
end of the section frame 10. The other end of the radius rod 5 has a number
of holes through which a pin can be placed engaging with other holes 6 formed
in the curved back end of the lever 1.
By this arrangement the working lengths of the radius rod and lever respec-
tively can be adjusted, as required.
Another method of adjusting the leverage is shown in Fig. 2, the curved end 1"
of the lever 1 being jointed at 12 to a quadrantal plate 7 formed with a series
of concentric holes. Through one of these holes and a slot in the lever 1ª is

page_text: placed a pin, whereby the angle of the arm 1 of the lever 1 may be varied and
adjusted. The length of the radius rod 5 is constant, and it is jointed to the
section frame 10 at 11, and to a sliding clamp 8 adjustable on the curved end 1ª
of the lever 1. By this arrangement not only can the height of the section
frames be adjusted but also the pressure of the spring upon them. Another
method of adjustment for the same purposes is shown in Fig. 3, in which a
double ended lever 13 is pivoted to the section frame 10, having one arm pro-
jecting backwards and the other forwards.
The back end of the lever 13 is pivoted to the radius rod 5, the latter being
connected with the lever 1 in a similar manner to that shown in Fig. 1. In
connection with this arrangement either of the modifications above described
for adjustment may be used. The forward end of the section fram lever 13 is
acted upon by an open coil spiral spring 4 surrounding the rod 2 and carried
by an extension of the clip or bracket to which the lever is pivoted.
Another method for securing the same object relates to cultivators in which
the section frames are pivoted to the main axle, as shown in Fig. 4, in which
figure B is the main axle, and 10 is the section frame.
To the section frame 10 is rigidly attached an arm 16 having a slot through
which the main axle B passes.
13 is a double ended lever pivoted at 18 to the arm 16 as shown.
One arm of the lever 13 is pivoted to the usual locking links 14, and the other
end adjustably at 19, to the connecting bar 15, attached to the arm 16' below
the axle B at 17. The pivots 17, 18 and 19, thus form an adjustable triangle.
The connecting bar 15 is made with a series of holes so that the length of one
of the sides of the triangle can be altered, and the angle of the lever to the arm
varied, and with it, the height of the section frame 10. The slot in the arm 16
allows a vertical as well as a rotative play to the section frame.
The side bars 10" are pivoted to the lower end of the central arm 16 by means
of rule joints 20, as shown in Fig. 5, which drawing is at right angles to that
shown in Fig. 4.
This arrangement enables the side bars 10" to accommodate themselves to the
irregularities of the land.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our in-
vention, and in what manner the same is to be performed; we declare that what
we claim is:-
1. In a cultivator having separate sectional frames upon which spring tines
are mounted in groups, the combination therewith of a lifting axle A, a bracket
carrying an arm a, double ended lever 1, bar 2, coiled spring 4 and radius rod 5
together operating substantially as and for the purposes herein before described
and illustrated by Fig. 1 of the drawings.
2. In a cultivator of the description aforesaid, the combination therewith of
the modified form of lever 1 jointed to a quadrantal plate 7, and a radius rod 5
fitted with a sliding clamp 8 together operating substantially as and. for the
purposes herein before described and illustrated by Fig. 2 of the drawings.
3. In a cultivator of the description aforesaid, the combination therewith of
the double ended lever 13 pivoted to the frame 10; radius rod 5 adjustably
connecting the lever 13 with the lever 1; rod 2; and spring 4, together operating
substantially as herein before described and illustrated by Fig. 3 of the
drawings.
4. In a cultivator of the description aforesaid, in which the section frames
are pivoted to the main axle, the combination therewith of a slotted arm 16
rigidly attached to the frame 10; double ended lever 13, pivoted to the slotted
arm at 18, and linked to locking links 14, and adjustably to the bar 15; together
operating substantially as and for the purposes as herein before described and
illustrated by Fig. 4 of the drawings.
5. In a cultivator of the description referred to in the fourth claim, the
.

page_text: combination therewith of side bars 10° pivoted to the lower end of the central
arm 16 by means of rule joints 20, together operating substantially as and for
the purposes herein before described and illustrated by Fig. 5 of the drawings.
Dated 29th July 1898.
GEORGE DOWNING & SONS,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agents.