IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING RINGS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills of the firm of Harris
and Mills of 23 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex Patent
A com-
Agent for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINNING RINGS
munication to him from abroad by Johannes Schütt and Johannes Warnholtz
both of Neumünster, Holstein, in the Kingdom of Prussia and Empire of
· Clawnany
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard
Mills at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th September
1882,
BENJAMIN JOSEPH BARNARD MILLS of the firm of Harris and Mills of
"IMPROVE-
23 Southampton Buildings in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent
MENTS IN SPINNING RINGS" A communication to me from abroad by Johannes
Schütt and Johannes Warnholtz, both of Neumünster, Holstein, in the Kingdom of
Prussia and Empire of Germany
The object of the Invention is to furnish a spinning ring which allows the forming
of cops not only on bobbins of usual large diameter, but also on such of the smallest
diameter, as paper or sheet metal quills, or even directly on the spindle. In all
those cases, where the yarn is intended for weaving purposes and where formerly
the cops, wound on large bobbins or quills, had to be brought by extra spooling
upon small bobbins fitting the shuttle of the loom this extra spooling is avoided.
By means of the new ring arrangement the cops are spun directly upon the
shuttle bobbins.
Besides this advantage the new arrangement forms a regulator of the tension of
the yarn, or the tension regulates vice versa the effects of the spinning ring, and
diminishes the danger of breaking the yarn.
The invention is applicable as well for coarse as for fine yarn and to spinning
machines with moveable ring or spindle rails.
The spindle with its bobbin or quill and cop revolves inside of a sleeve
journalled in the ring rail and revolving in the same direction as, but a little faster
than, the spindle.
The rotation of the spindle and of the sleeve may be produced in any convenient
WAY.

page_text: A ring of light material rests upon an annular projection of the sleeve and
participates in the rotation of the latter by the friction between the lower rim of
the ring and the annular projection. The ring has on its top and vertically under
the circumference of the race of the sleeve a yarn eye of any suitable form; a
wire loop, a short horizontal tube, two holes in the top rim of the ring, or similar
contrivances.
The yarn passes from the guide wire in front of the rollers over the race of the
sleeve through this yarn eye, then across and over the top of the race to the bobbin
or quill of the cop. As that portion of the yarn which passes from the race through
the yarn eye and back to the race is vertical or parallel to the axis of the ring, of
the spindle, when these parts are arranged in an oblique position, there is no
tendency of the ring to be drawn by the yarn to one side. At a short distance
above the top of the ring is adjustably arranged a stop plate or lid, possessing a
circular central opening of diameter smaller than the top flange of the ring, but
large enough not to interfere with the movement of the yarn eye or the yarn
around the sleeve.
The sleeve and the spindle are rotated independently of each other by any
convenient means.
The rotation of the ring caused by the rotation of the sleeve, produces the twist
of the yarn and winds the latter upon and round the quill, travelling as above
mentioned, slower than the ring, and makes in this way the cop. As long as the
rollers furnish as much yarn as is wound up by the revolving ring the latter will
move together with the sleeve, but at the moment when the rollers furnish less, the
tension of the yarn becomes greater, the ring is more, or less raised, the friction
between ring and sleeve is proportionately decreased or finally entirely suspended
and the number of revolutions of the ring is decreased also until it becomes again
the normal one.
The ring serves in this way as regulator of the tension and the
tension of the yarn influences or regulates the velocity of the ring. In cases of
sudden or strong fluctuations of these mutual conditions the ring may in its rising
touch the lid; by which means the velocity of the ring is still further decreased
or entirely stopped, and therefore the winding up of the yarn is lessened or
stopped and consequently the tension decreased so that any danger of breaking the
yarn is avoided.
The shape of the ring may be varied to suit circumstances, as well as its weight.
In the latter case one ring may be used for different weights of yarns, its weight
being adjusted in different ways by means of corresponding ballasting.
The journalling of the sleeve in the ring rail may also be carried out in any
suitable way.
The mutual rising and falling movement of the sleeve and the spindle necessary
for the production of a correct cop is produced by correspondingly moving the ring-
rail, the spindle-rail being stationary or vice versa, by any convenient device well
known and used for that purpose.
The stop plate or lid may be constructed in different ways, as an adjustable
plate, as two half plates hinged to standards, as a slide or otherwise provided it
fulfils its object to arrest the rising of the ring and to allow the removal of the
sleeve when needed.
The top of the sleeve, the race, can be made half round and smooth, but preferably
it is shaped to overhang outwards to facilitate the proper direction of the yarn to
and from the yarn eye.
The new arrangement involves a new process of spinning. The ring, carrying
the yarn-eye and moved by the revolving sleeve produces the twist of the yarn and
winds it up on the spindle, quill or cop which revolves slower than the spindle but
in the same direction. The danger of breaking the yarn is diminished to the
utmost.

page_text: Figure 1 is a vertical axial section of the ring r, sleeve h lid d and ring rail r
shewing also the spindle a, with quill 8, and cop k.
Figure 2 is a plan of the new apparatus.
Figures 3 and 4 shew different arrangements of the yarn eye o. of the ring r.
Figure 5 shews a bearing for the sleeve h differing a little from that of Figure 1.
Figures 6 and 7 shew modifications of the lid d, and of the shape of the ring r.
The spindle a, with its bobbin or quills and cop k, revolves inside the sleeve h
(journalled in any suitable way in the ring rail ) and in the same direction as
but a little faster than the spindle a.. The rotation of the spindle a, and of the
sleeve h may be produced in any convenient and suitable way by gearing friction
or as shewn in the Drawing by cords running from a drum (not shown) round
whirls or pulleys on the spindle a and on the sleeve h. The ring r made of light
material tin plate, india rubber or other suitable material rests upon an annular
projection or collar v. on the sleeve h and participates in the rotation of the latter
by the friction between the lower rim of the ring r, and the annular projection v, of
the sleeve h. The middle part of the ring r, may be cylindrical (Figures 1 and 6)
or bulged out as indicated in Figure 1 by dotted lines. It may have on its top a
flange similar to the lower one, and carries on top and vertically under the circum
ference of the race of the sleeve h, a yarn eye o, of any suitable form, a wire loop, a
short horizontal pipe, two holes in the top rim of the ring or any equivalent
contrivance, through which the yarn passes from the guide wire in front of the
roller over the race of the sleeve h, and in line with the axis of the spindle a

page_text: then across and over the top of the race to the bobbin or quill 8, of the cop k. As
that portion of the yarn which passes from the race through the yarn eye o and
back to the race is vertical, or at least parallel to the axis of the ring r, of the
spindle a when these parts are arranged in an oblique position, there is no tendency
for the ring r to be drawn by the yarn to one side. Above the top of the ring r,
the stop plate d, or lid is in regard to its distance from the top flange adjustably
fastened to rods or standards secured to the ring rail r¹. It possesses concentric to
the spindle a a round opening of a diameter smaller than the top flange of the
ring r. but large enough not to interfere with the movement of the yarn-eye o. or
the yarn around the sleeve h.
The rotation of the ring r, caused by the rotation of the sleeve h produces the
twist of the yarn and winds the latter round and upon the quill s; which travels as
above mentioned slower than the ring r. and makes in this way the cop. k. As long
as the rollers furnish as much yarn as is wound up by the revolving ring r. or in
other words as the different diameters of the cop, k require, the ring r. will move
together with the sleeve h; but at the moment when the rollers furnish less, the
'tension of the yarn. becomes greater, the ring r is more or less raised, the friction
between ring r. and sleeve h is proportionately decreased or finally when the
tension becomes still greater entirely suspended. The number of revolutions of
the ring r, now decreases therefore the tension of the yarn decreases also, until it
becomes again the normal one. The ring r serves in this way as regulator of the
tension of the yarn, and the tension of the yarn influences or regulates the velocity of
the ring r.
In cases of sudden or strong fluctuations of these mutual conditions the
ring may in its rising touch the under side of the lid d, by this means the velocity
of the ring r. is still further decreased or entirely stopped and therefore the winding
up of the yarn is lessened or stopped, and consequently the tension decreased, so
that any danger of breaking the yarn is avoided.
f
To suit circumstances, the shape of the ring r, may be varied as well as its weight.
The latter must be done when different weights of yarns are to be spun and it can
be carried out in different ways. There may be kept on hand as many differently
weighted rings r, as there are different numbers of yarn to be spun, or the weight
of the one ring inay be altered in any suitable way. In Figure 5 is shown a
mode of balasting by a set of annular rings the number of which is increased
or decreased as required; but the desired object can be effected by other
constructions.
.
The bearing in or on the ring rail r. of the sleeve h, may also be made in any
suitable way. As examples are shewn two different constructions in Figures 1
and 5. In Figure 1 the sleeve h revolves in brasses f which are held together and
to the ring rail r¹ by a cap and screws similar to a common pillow block. In
Figure 5 the bearing of the sleeve h, is composed of a semi-circle of suitable material
fastened to the ring rail 1, and fitting in an annular bearing groove in the sleeve h
and of a slide opposite to this semi-circle fitting also to this groove. The sleeve h
revolves freely between the semi circle and slide and can very conveniently be
removed by pushing back the slide.
The mutual rising and falling movement of the sleeve h and the spindle a
necessary for the production of a correct cop is produced by correspondingly moving
the ring rail, the spindle rail being stationary or vice versa, by any convenient
device well known and used for that purpose.
The stop plate or lid d may be constructed in different ways, provided it fulfils
its object which is to arrest the rising of the ring r, and allow of the removal of the
sleeve h when wanted. In Figure 1 the stop plate d. is shown to be made in one
piece sliding along two rods fastened to the ring rail r¹ and adjusted in regard to
its position by two collars adjustably screwed to the rods. In Figures 6 and 7 it
'is made in the form of two half lids hinged to standards on the ring rail r¹.
As examples of different construction of the loop or yarn eye o in Figure 3 are
shewn two small holes in the upper flange of the ring. r. In Figure 4 it is shaped
as a small horizontal pipe fastened concentrically or nearly so to the upper flange

page_text: of the ring r, and as near as possible to the sleeve h. To facilitate the placing of
the yarn eye correctly that is to say at such a point, that the yarn does not draw the
ring on one side nearer to the sleeve h than on the other it is preferable to make
the race of the sleeve h not only rounded as shewn in Figure 1 but a little over-
hanging outwards as in Figures 3 and 4. The yarn from the rollers to the yarn
eye o, as well as that from there to the bobbin will as above mentioned touch the
race and at the same time pass the yarn eye o parallel to the axis of the sleeve h so
that there is no tendency to throw the ring r sideways.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and the mode in which
the same may be carried into effect, I would have it understood that what I
claim is:-
First. The employment of a ring r, which carries the yarn eye o and which is
moved by the revolving sleeve h, to produce the twist of the yarn; to wind it upon
the spindle a or the quill or bobbins 8 which revolves in the same direction as
but slower than the sleeve h. and to regulate the tension of the yarn, and the
velocity of the ring r, substantially as shewn and described and for the purposes
explained.
Second, The construction of a spinning-ring-frame in such a way that by a
sleeve / revolving faster than the spindle a and the cop k, motion is given to the
ring r, bearing the loop or yarn eye o. which carries the yarn from the guide-wire
and the rollers, to the spindle a or quills substantially as shewn and described and
operating as explained.
Third, In spinning ring frames the sleeve h the race of which is situated
vertically over the yarn-eye o, and in a line with the yarn eye o and parallel to the
axis of the sleeve h in combination with the spindle a and the stop plate d,
substantially as shewn and described and for the purpose explained.
Fourth. The spinning ring r, with the yarn eye o in combination with the
sleeve h from which it receives its motion substantially as shown and described
and for the purpose explained.
Fifth. The spinning ring r, with the yarn eye o in combination with the
sleeve h and the spindle a serving as a regulator of the tension of the yarn and
vice versa influenced or regulated in its velocity by the tension of the yarn as
described.
In Witness whereof I the said Benjamin Joseph Barnard Mills have hereunto
set my hand and seal this twentieth day of March in the year of Our Lord
one thousand eight hundred and eighty three