IMPROVE- MENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING WOOL, PROVISIONAL SPFICATION
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Wilson Hadwen, of Bradford, in the
County of York, Yarn Merchant, and Arthur Randolph, of
Bradford aforesaid, Yarn Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING WOOL,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Wilson Hadwen
and Arthur Randolph at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 8th February 1873.
We, JOHN WILSON HADWEN, of Bradford, in the County of York,
Yarn Merchant, and ARTHUR RANDOLPH, of Bradford aforesaid, Yarn
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING WOOL,
COTTON, SILK, FLAX, OF OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-

page_text: substances of the thickness and in the condition as they are delivered by
the condenser without further draught, and upon any ordinary spinning
apparatus. To effect this we pass the rovings through a pair of rollers
(without giving draught thereto) to the spindles of the spinning
apparatus where it is spun and made into yarn.
Secondly. To a means or apparatus for drawing or attenuating the
strips or rovings of wool or fibre after being taken from or off the
condenser or other carding engine during or preceding the process of
spinning by the usual frames or other spinning machinery. And this
apparatus consists of interposing between the bobbins cans or other
contrivance containing the rovings or slivers, and the spindles, caps, or
other continuous spinning apparatus. A miniature carding engine or
carding apparatus comprising a pair of fluted rollers or other feeding
means, and one or more card rollers, card belt, or other carding apparatus,
such card roller or rollers, card belt, or carding apparatus, having a
surface speed in excess of the speed of the feeding rollers or other
feeding apparatus, so that the cards take the fibre on their surface or
surfaces, and thereby attenuating or spreading the film thinner than
before, from which it is doffed, stripped or taken off by ordinary means
in continuous strips or rovings and condensed by usual means, which
condensed rovings then pass forward to the spinning spindles, caps, or
other continuous spinning apparatus, and are spun or made into yarn.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Wilson Hadwen and Arthur Randolph in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 8th August 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JOHN
WILSON HADWEN, of Bradford, in the County of York, Yarn Merchant,
and ARTHUR RANDOLPH, aforesaid, Yarn Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of February, in the year of a
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said John Wilson Hadwen and Arthur

page_text: Randolph, Her special licence that we, the said John Wilson Hadwen,
and Arthur Randolph, our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said John Wilson Hadwen and Arthur Randolph,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING
WOOL, COTTON, SILK, FLAX, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said John Wilson Hadwen and Arthur
Randolph, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Wilson Hadwen, on behalf of
myself and the said Arthur Randolph, do hereby declare the nature of
our said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereto annexed, and to
the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :—
The said Invention relates to a means or method of drawing or
attenuating the strips or rovings of wool or fibre after they have been
taken from or off the condenser or other carding engine during and
preceding the process of spinning by the usual frames or other spinning
machinery, and the Invention consists in interposing between the
bobbins cans or other contrivance containing the rovings or slivers,
and the spindles, caps, or other spinning apparatus, a miniature
carding engine or carding apparatus constructed of a pair of fluted
rollers or other means of feeding, and one or more card rollers, card
belts, or other carding apparatus, having a surface speed in excess of
that of the feeding rollers or other feeding apparatus, so that the cards
shall take up the fibre on their surface or surfaces, thereby attenuating
or spreading the fibre thinner than before, and from which it is doffed,
stripped, or taken off by ordinary means in continuous strips or rovings,

page_text: and condensed by usual means. The condensed rovings then pass
forward to the spinning spindle, caps, or other continuous spinning
apparatus and are spun or made into yarn.
In order to enable our improvements to be better understood, we will
proceed to describe the same by reference to the accompanying Drawing,
in which Figure 1 represents a side elevation shewing driving gear;
Figure 2, side elevation; Figure 3 plan; and Figure 4 front elevation of
apparatus; Figure 5 represents a front view of feeding apparatus with
only one fluted roller and moveable plate.
Similar letters of reference are used in all the Figures to represent
similar parts.
The roving or sliver contained on the bobbin, can, or other contrivance,
passes first through a pair of feeding fluted rollers A, which coming in
contact with the tecth B of the card C, attenuate or spread the fibre,
causing a draught; the fibre then passes on to the revolving teeth E of
the card F, spreading it, from which it is doffed by the teeth G of the
doffing card H; it is then stripped or taken off in continuous strips or
rovings by means of the doffing knife I, and condensed by the revolving
brass funnel J, and passed forward through the rollers K and K' to the
spinning spindle, cap, or other continuous spinning apparatus to be spun
or made into yarn. The apparatus is operated by means of gear fitted
to the spinning frame actuating the shaft of the cards F; this shaft is
made in short lengths having bosses or rollers formed thereon; on these
bosses or rollers are fastened strips of cards F; the short lengths are
fitted together forming a shaft running the length of the frame; these
short lengths work in bearers fitted on the spinning frame; the strips of
cards are equal in number to that of the spindles, and are placed exactly
opposite their centres. The wheel L gears into the intermediate
wheel M working the wheel N fitted on the shaft of the cards C; this
shaft is also made in short lengths working in bearers fixed to the
frame, and having rollers or bosses on which are fastened the strips of
cards C; the wheel N works in an intermediate wheel O actuating the
wheel P working the feeding fluted roller or rollers A; the wheel L
works also in an intermediate wheel Q gearing into a wheel R working
the duffer roller S; this wheel Q actuates a shaft made in short lengths
and joined together running the length of the spinning frame, having

page_text: bosses or rollers. formed on the shafts on which are attached the strips of
duffing cards. The knife, I is put in operation by means of a band T
actuated by the pulley T" fixed on the shaft of the large card. The
band T works in a small pulley U turning the shaft U₁; on this shaft
are fitted two eccentrics V working the eccentric rods W which actuate
the doffing knife I. We also use rollers having sliding motions similar
to the doffing apparatus now used in condensers. In that case we do
away with the knife and knife gear. On the shaft U¹ is fitted a
pulley X which works a band X' passing over the pulley X² fixed to the
brass funnel J, giving it a rotatory motion, and condensing the roving or
sliver. A pulley Y is also fitted on the shaft U¹, actuating by means of
a band the pulley Y¹ working the shaft Z, on which is fitted the bottom
roller K¹; on the top of this roller K¹ works the roller K, and through
these rollers the condensed rovings pass forward to the spinning spindles,
caps, or other continuous spinning apparatus, and are spun and made
into. yarn. A¹, frame so constructed that it can be fitted between the
bobbins, cans, or other contrivances containing the roving or sliver, and
the spindles, caps, or other spinning apparatus. We are enabled by our
improved apparatus to draw or attenuate strips of rovings of wool or
fibre, and to spin such rovings of very short staple.
Figure 5 represents a plan for only using one fluted roller for feeding
the apparatus. A, fluted roller actuated by the wheel P, as herein-
before described; underneath this fluted roller is fitted a plate B', which
is carried past the centre of the roller at the back; this plate B¹ has a
sliding sideway motion to spread the roving evenly on the card B; this
motion is obtained by means of a worm D' keyed on the shaft working
the cards B; this worm D¹ works into a worm wheel D² actuating a
shaft E', on which is fitted an eccentric F', actuating a small connecting
rod G¹, giving the rocking motion to the plate B¹.
Having thus described our Invention, and the best means we are
acquainted with for carrying the same into effect, we would have it
understood that we do not confine ourselves to the precise details shewn
and described, as these may be varied without departing from the
peculiar character of the Invention, but what we do claim is, the
method of drawing or attenuating the strips of rovings of wool or other
fibre after being taken from or off the condenser or other carding engine
during or preceding the process of spinning by the usual frames or other

page_text: spinning machinery, as herein-before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Wilson Hadwen, have hereto
set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy- 5
thrce.
Witness,
JOHN WILSON HADWEN. (L.S.)
WALTER JAS. TURNER, C. E.
Patent Agent,
Bradford.