Improvements in Linotype Machines.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Apr., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 1st July, 1890-Accepted, 30th Aug., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by OTTMAR MERGENTHALER, of Baltimore,
Maryland, U.S.A.]
Improvements in Linotype Machines.
I, HENRY HARINGTON LEIGH, Fel. Inst. P.A., Assoc. M. Inst. C.E. practising as
Phillips & Leigh at No. 22 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
Administrative County of London, Engineer and Patent Agent, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The present invention has reference to that class of machines (originated by the
inventor and now known in the art as "Linotype machines") designed to produce
and assemble metal bars, commonly termed "linotypes" each bearing on one edge,
properly justified, the type characters to print a complete line.
The improvements have reference more particularly to the details of the magazine
in which the matrices are contained; the channel and blast mechanisms for advancing
and assembling the matrices after their discharge from the magazine-tubes; the
mechanisms for transferring the assembled or composed line to the casting mechanism;
the devices for aligning and confining the matrices in front of and against the
mould; the mechanism for transferring the matrices after the casting operation to the
distributer; and to various details of the distributing mechanism.
There is employed in the present machine, as in its predecessors, a series of matrices
or female type, each representing a single letter or character; and a series of expansible
space-bars.
There is provided a rigid frame-work intended to sustain the various operative
parts; a series of verticle magazine tubes containing the matrices or type; and
ejecting devices located at the lower end of the magazine and operated by suitable
connections from finger-keys, whereby they are caused to deliver the matrices one at
a time from the lower ends of the magazine-tubes into the upper open side of an
inclined conductor or trough. A pipe connected with a suitable blower delivers a
blast of air longitudinally through the conductor from its upper end; this blast
serving to carry the matrices forward to the point of assemblage or composition in
the lower horizontal end of the conductor. A receptacle containing the series of
space-bars is located above the conductor, and provided with devices, connected with
a finger-key, for delivering the space-bars, one at a time, downward into the line of
inatrices in the course of its compo-ition. A pair of vertically and laterally inovable
arms serves to transfer the completed line to a vertically-movable yoke or rail, by
which the line is lowered to the face of a mould-wheel lying in front of a melting pot,
from which molten metal is delivered into the mould and against the line of matrices.
The type-bar, or "linotype" thus produced in the mould is presented, by the revolution
of the wheel, to an ejector-slide, by which the bar is driven from the mould and
carried forward to a lifting plate, which in turn delivers the bars successively to the
lower end of the galley. After the matrices have formed the type on the bar cast
against them, they are carried by the lifting yoke to the top of the machine, and
moved laterally therefrom by a slide, between horizontal rails, to a vertical slide,
which, assisted by other devices, presents the matrices, one at a time, to the horizontal
distributing rail, along which they are moved by the endless carrier, until they drop
into the upper ends of the appropriate tubes, the space-bars being, in the meantime,
delivered downward by the slide to their receptacle.
It will be perceived that the object of the mechanism is to assemble the matrices
and space-bars and present them to the mould; deliver the molten metal against
them; and, finally, return them to the magazines from which they started. In its

page_text: general organization, and in all its leading features, the present machine is substantially
identical with that described in a former Patent.
The rigid main-frame, aforesaid, consists of a base plate having at its four corners
posts or pillars supporting a horizontal bed; and a table, which in turn supports two
uprights carrying at their upper ends the horizontal distributer frame.
The magazine is composed of a series of vertical tubes, arranged side by side, and
connected to a rigid frame. This frame is provided at its top with two hooked arms,
by which it is suspended from the stationary distributer-frame, this connection
allowing the entire magazine to be readily removed from the main frame, inde-
pendently of the key-mechanism, to the end that it may be replaced by a magazine
containing matrices adapted to produce a different style or size of types. At its lower
end, the magazine-frame bears against the rear side of the conductor, and is held in
place by a clip-plate and a fastening bolt. This clip is not an essential feature, and
may be replaced by any other suitable fastening.
The magazine-tubes are attached independently to the frame, so that any tube
requiring examination or repairs may be removed by lifting it out in a forward
direction, that is to say, in an edgewise direction toward the operator without disturb-
ing the remainder. The bottom of the frame is provided with a series of transverse
grooves to receive the lower end of the tube, and the tube is provided at its top with
a hook adapted to engage a lip on the top of the frame. This construction holds the
tubes in the exact position required, but admits of their being lifted from the front of
the frame at will.
A bar is pivotted at its ends in the frame, extends across the rear side of the
magazine; and, when free, it drops downward and bears on plates attached to and
forming, in effect, a part of the lower ends of the tubes, in such manner as to prevent
them from being lifted out of connection with the frame. When the bar is turned
upward, however, it releases the entire series of tubes, so that any one may be removed
and replaced at will. It is to be noted that the tubes are not lifted endwise from their
positions, but that, on the contrary, they are disengaged by a very slight vertical move-
ment, after which they are removed horizontally. This independent removability of
the tubes is considered to be a feature of this invention. Heretofore, the magazine-
tubes have been of an unbroken tubular form, that is to say, without side openings or
channels. According to the present construction, a sheet of metal forming one side
of the flat tube, is bent inward or returned upon itself along its two edges in such
manner as to produce a tube having one side closed but the opposite side open centrally
through its entire, or substantially its entire, length. This side opening is advan-
tageous in that it permits of the escape of the air from the path of the descending
matrices, as well as in that it affords ready access to the interior of the tube at all
points in its length, so that a matrix lodging accidentally therein may be readily
removed or adjusted. I prefer to construct the tube with the edges of the sheet
projected inwardly in the form of ribs or flanges, and also to provide the opposite or
closed side of the tube with inwardly projected ribs.. By this construction, the matrices
are held out of contact with the inner faces of the tubes, thus reducing the friction,
preventing the confinement of the air below them, and preventing them from adhering
to the side walls in the event of the condensation of moisture thereon. A further
advantage arising from the construction of the tube with the open side lies in the fact
that tubes of a uniform size externally, may be readily adapted to receive matrices of
different thicknesses by turning the edges inward to a greater or less extent, the cost
of manufacture in quantity being much less than that of solid drawn tubes of different
sizes. The upper end of the tube is enlarged, and the flanges and ribs terminate
below the enlarged end to facilitate the admission of the matrices.
At the lower end, each matrix tube is provided with an ejecting mechanism for
delivering the matrices in a downward direction therefrom, one at a time, into the
conductor below. This ejecting mechanism is substantially identical with that
represented in a former Patent. The ejector which is secured to and is removable
with its connecting tube, consists mainly of an arm or plate, fixed rigidly to and
forming in effect a part of the tube, a lever pivoted to this plate, and a vertically-

page_text: moving slide, operated by the lever. The slide carries a spring finger by which the
matrices are thrust downward, and operates a pivotted detent by which the escape of
more than one matrix at a time is prevented. A spring serves to lift the slide and
hold it normally in an elevated position. Whenever the rear end of the lever is
raised it depresses the slide; and a matrix is delivered.
The finger-key mechanism consists of a series of key-levers, representing the
respective letters or characters, each mounted midway of its length on a horizontal
pivot, and arranged to act at its rear end on a vertical rod. The key-pivots and the
rods are sustained by suitable supports on the bed plate of the main frame, the upper
ends of the rods bearing beneath the rear ends of the ejector-levers. The rods, being
suitably guided and held in position at their upper ends, are certain to register with
the levers; so that the magazine may be removed and replaced with a certainty that
the rods and levers will assume their operative relations.
it
The matrix-conductor or channel is made, as in the prior machines, of a U-form in
cross-section, with its open side immediately under the magazine tubes in order that
may receive the matrices therefrom. The conductor is formed internally with the
longitudinal ribs or shoulders, upon which the shoulders at the upper ends of the
matrices rest for the purpose of retaining the matrices in an upright position, as they
are carried lengthwise through the conductor by the force of the blast. To prevent
the matrices from being overturned, two wires, which engage shoulders on the lower
ends of the matrices as in the former Patents, are stretched longitudinally in the lower
part of the channel. At their upper ends, these wires are connected to a winding
spindle, by which their proper tension may be maintained; and, at the lower end,
are extended downward beyond the point at which they terminale in the previous
machine, and until they overlie the horizontal terminal portion of the guide on which
the matrices are assembled. By thus extending the wires so that they hold the
matrices down until their direction of movement is changed, and they have com-
menced to travel horizontally; the danger of the light matrices being overturned, or
being blown out of the machine, is avoided. At its lower end, the conductor terminates,
as in the previous applications, in the horizontal portion, having the side walls to
support and sustain the line of matrices cut open on the under side that they may he
relieved from the lifting effect of the blast.
instead of delivering the entire blast directly into the upper end of the matrix-
channel of the conductor, and against the matrices delivered from the upper tubes, as
in the previous machines, there is now provided means for dividing the blast, allowing
one portion to enter the upper end of the conductor, and the remaining portion to
enter the conductor at a lower point. By thus distributing or dividing the blast, and
intro lucing the secondary or unweakened blast midway of the length of the conductor,
or thereabout; the machine is enabled to carry all the matrices forward to the point
of assemblage, with rapidity and certainty; and this without employing a blast so
strong as to cause the matrices to strike violently upon each other, or to cause the
throwing of the light matrices from the machine. The pipes or passages for delivering
the blast into the channel, or passage, of the conductor, at different points in its
length, may be constructed in any appropriate manner. It has been found a good
practice to make the channel at its upper end deeper than would otherwise be required,
and to introduce therein one or more horizontal partitions extending from the upper
end downward half the length of the conductor or thereabout.
The blast-pipe delivers the air partly above and partly below this partition. The
upper portion of the blast passes over the partition the entire length of the conductor,
while the portion passing beneath the partition is inoperative, and is prevented from
acting on the matrices, until it emerges at the lower end of the partition. While it
has been found in practice that it is sufficient to thus introduce the blast at two points,
it is manifest that it may be subdivided and introduced at any number of points in the
length of the conductor.
At the lower end of the conductor, there are employed reciprocating dogs to
advance the successive matrices against the line beyond them, and to prevent them
from rebounding.

page_text: In order to arrest the descending matrices at the front end of the line, and thus
keep the line in compact form, there is used, as in the previous machines, a transverse
finger or resistant, lying across the horizontal portion of the conductor, and connected
by a vertical pivot to a horizontally sliding block. The finger is held normally in
its operative position by a dog, and its supporting slide.is urged constantly toward
the descending matrices by a spiral spring, these features being the same as in the
earlier machines.
From the horizontal end of the conductor, the line of matrices is carried laterally
into the lifting or transferring yoke, which stands normally in line with, and forms a
continuation of, the conductor. This elevation yoke is moved vertically on a stationary
guide, so that it may descend with the matrices to the mould, and thereafter ascend
with them to the distributor; its motion being effected through a link connected to a
vertically vibrating arm, as in the older machines.
The transfer of the line of matrices to the lifting yoke is effected, as in the earlier
machines, by two arms arranged to swing downward into the conductor in such a
manner as to grasp the line of matrices between them, and then move laterally, to
carry the line into the lifting yoke. These aruns are mounted on a horizontal shaft
carried by a block sliding horizontally in a groove on the rear side of the conductor.
The devices for moving the slide to-and-fro horizontally, and for locking the slide in
its normal position, are practically identical with those shown in the Patent herein-
before mentioned, and form no part of the present invention.
A slide locking dog mounted on the frame, a pin to release the same, a spring
supporting frame and a projection on the said shaft are provided to effect the dis-
engagement of the dog and release of the slide when the arms are turned down to
grasp the matrices.
With two exceptions the said arins may be constructed and operated in the manner
set forth in the above named Patent. The first improvement consists in providing the
arm with a pivoted blade forming a downward continuation thereof, so constructed
and arranged that as the arms swing downward to grasp the matrices, this blade will
pass downward through the conductor and past the rear end of the line. It serves
mainly to bear against and hold the end of the line of matrices from shifting laterally
out of position, so that they will be certain to pass the end of the clamping jaw as
they are moved downward by the yoke to the casting mechanism. The blade may be
modified in form and arrangement at will, provided only it is adapted to pass down
vertically through the conductor. Then there is mounted on the frame a stationary
pin, which encountering the upper end of the blade, throws its lower end into the
proper position to enter hetween the walls of the conductor. The second improve-
ment relating to the transfer arms resides in providing one of the arms with a
rigid pin extending laterally, and adapted to pass, at its end, freely into a hole in
the other arm. The arms is movable on its shaft to and from its companion, being
acted upon by a spring, as in the previous machine, so that the two arms grasp
the matrices with a yielding or spring-pressure. As the two arms approach, tho
said rigid pin, sliding through the arm, holds the arms together, so that they are
compelled to rise and fall in unison. The pin avoids, in a measure, the strain and
wear which would otherwise be thrown upon the sliding connection of the arm to
its shaft.
The lifting or transferring yoke is grooved or ribbed internally along its sides to
engage the shoulder of the matrices, and prevent them from rising therein. In order
to ensure the passage of the matrices smoothly and easily into the open end of the
yoke, the adjacent end of the conductor is provided with stationary side-blocks
having inwardly projecting lips bevelled upward at one end. These bevelled lips
over ride the ends of the matrices, and hold them down snugly to their places, so
that after leaving the conductor they are certain to pass properly into the
yoke.
The mould-wheel stands in a vertical position below and behind the lower end of
the conductor, and is provided with the slot or mould proper through it, from one
face to the other, as in the prior machines. The yoke descending with the line of

page_text: matrices presents and sustains them in front of the mould-wheel, and, in such manner,
that, for the time being, they close the front of the mould proper.
While in this position, the matrices are acted upon laterally, that is to say from
opposite ends of the line, and held tightly together by the two horizontally movable
clamps; to prevent the matrices at the front of the line from moving horizontally out
of position as they descend between the open clamps, the clamp is formed with an
upwardly extending arm. The inner or forward edge of this arm, rising to the level
at which the matrices are received into the yoke, acts against the end of the line, and
guides the descending matrices properly to their placos between the two jaws. In
this action, it co-operates with the before mentioned blade which stands at the opposite
ends of the line. It will he perceived.that during its descent, the line is confined, at
its ends, between the blade on the one side and the arm on the other. With this
exception, the construction and operation of the parts for lowering the matrices is
substantially identical with that described in the former Patent.
In order to give the desired results, it is necessary that the matrices shall be
presented to the mould with their characters in exact alignment vertically.
To this end, one important feature of the present invention consists in providing
incans by which the head or yoke is locked down firmly and accurately in place
during the casting operation. This construction by which the line of matrices is
sustained in front of the mould consists of a horizontal rock-shaft mounted in the yoke,
and carrying at one end a hooked arm adapted to interlock with a rigid portion of the
frame and hold the head down to its place. At its opposite end, the rock shaft is
provided with a crank arm to which the link for moving the yoke is connected. The
crank arm is allowed but a limited movement, and is held in an elevated position by a
spring, whereby its hook is kept normally out of engagement with the frame. As the
arm descents, it carries the yoke and matrices downward until the yoke comes to a
fixed bearing on the frame and mould-wheel, after which, the arm, continuing its
movement, causes the hook to engage the frame and secure the yoke. When the arm
rises, its first effect is to unlock, and its second to lift the yoke.
The essential feature of the improvement in this regard resides in the combination,
with the rising and falling yoke, of an automatic device for positively locking the
same down to its place upon the frame in front of the mould; and it is manifest that
the details may be variously modified, within the range of mechanical skill, without
changing essentially the mode of action.
As a further means of securing a proper alignment of the matrices, the yoke is now
divided for the first time horizontally, and its lower portion, which is grooved to
receive the sustaining shoulders of the matrices, is connected to the upper portion by
screws, or equivalent connections, which will admit of the upper portion playing
vertically in relation to the lower, to a very limited extent. The devices for raising,
lowering, and locking down the yoke, are connected to the upper portion. When the
matrices are received into the yoke, the lower or movable portion, suspended loosely
from the upper portion by the screws, is in its lower position. As the yoke descends,
the lower portion, which alone sustains the weight of the matrices, comes to a bearing,
at one side on the main frame and at the opposite side on the shoulder of the
mould. By this action, the matrices are brought approximately in line, hut, as the
upper or body portion of the yoke continues its downward movement, its shoulders
bear on the upper ends of the matrices, and force them downward firmly to a
bearing, and into exact alignment vertically. The connecting link, through which
the yoke receives motion, is of an elastic or yielding character, so that the yoke
forces the matrices down to their place with a pressure which is strong, but which is
at the same time, of a yielding character, so that breakage or injury to the parts is
prevented.
In order that the vertical edges of the matrices may be kept in exact alignment, it
has been found advisable to make the forward side of the yoke of such vertical depth,
that it will extend downward on the outer or front edges of the matrices to their
lower ends, the matrices being thus supported and held at the front against the inner

page_text: side of the yoke, instead of being lowered against an anvil or shoulder on the stationary
frame as heretofore.
In practice it is found that by thus forming the yoke so that it serves both to
suspend the matrices, and to directly support them on the outer edge, the accuracy
of alignment is greatly improved. When, in its lower position, the vertical face of
the yoke bears against and receives support from the solid vertical face or shoulder
of the main frame.
The mould-wheel is mounted on a horizontal sliding frame so that it may be moved
to and from the line of matrices; and the melting pot is, in like manner, mounted
on horizontal guides, that its mouth may be moved to and from the rear face of
the mould-wheel. These parts together with the mechanism for moving them form
no part of the present invention, and they may be constructed in the identical manner
set forth in patents heretofore granted me.
The mechanism for automatically operating the matrix clamping jaws may also be
constructed in the same manner as that in the application just referred to.
At the completion of the casting operation, the mould-wheel makes a half revolution,
and the horizontal ejector-slide, advancing from the rear, passes through the wheel,
carrying the linotype before it, and through a shaving and sizing mechanism to the
receiving plate at the front. The shaving mechanism consists simply of a stationary
upper blade and a stationary lower blade, the edges of which are presented toward the
wheel; and of a second and stationary lower blade. Between the blades there is a
movable spring-supported plate which serves simply to force the linotypes upward, and
hold them against the under face of the blade as they are being carried over the edge
of the blade. In this way, a uniform thickness of the linotype is ensured, and the
upper secondary blade of the previous machine rendered unnecessary.
As a still further means of bringing the mould proper and the matrices in exact
alignment or register, the mould-wheel is provided with one or more notches, and the
frame with one or more rigid studs adapted to enter these notches, as the mould-wheel
is moved forward to the casting position. It is preferable to taper the studs so that
they will enter the notches readily and turn the wheel, if out of position, to the exact
point required. Obviously, the studs could be formed upon the wheel and the openings
formed in the frame.
To reduce the labour of dressing the linotypes over their entire faces, and to admit
of the matter being spaced or "leaded" without rendering the bars unduly heavy, I
now form the linotypes with two or more narrow ribs across one of the side faces.
The slot or mould proper of the mould-wheel is formed with grooves in its side wheel
to produce these ribs. The ribbed side of the linotype is presented to the under blades
of the dressing or shaving mechanism. The ribs, and the slots to form them, terminate
before reaching the back of the mould, so that the ribs act to prevent the linotype from
being drawn with the melting pot from the back of the mould.
After the casting action is completed, and the matrices released by the clamping
devices, the lifting yoke rises until it stands on a level with the stationary rails or
flanges lying horizontally along the inner sides of the distributer-frame at one end
thereof. While the yoke stands in this position the slide, which was previously
retracted, advances and forces the line of matrices out of the yoke and toward the
distributing devices; the yoke immediately descending to receive the next line. The
slide is connected with a lever attached to a rock shaft acted upon by a spring whereby
the slide is caused to urge the line of matrices constantly forward, so that the matrix,
or the space-bar, at the front of the line bears against the face of the vertical slide.
In thus approaching the lifting slide, the matrices pass beneath a stationary rail, which
prevents them from rising, except as they pass its end, one at a time.
The foregoing parts, together with the slide which carries the matrices upward and
the space bars downward, are constructed and operated in a manner very similar to
that set forth in previous patents.
At its extreme upper end the slide is recessed in such manner that it will receive a
single matrix; and when, therefore, it descends to its lowest point, the foremost

page_text: matrix is carried forward and seated in the slide, which, moving upward, lifts the
matrix until the suspending teeth in its upper end stand in line with the distributer-
rail. A forked horizontally reciprocating slide engages the edges of the matrix, and
sustains it momentarily; and while thus sustained, one of the toothed plates of an
endless travelling carrier remove the matrix forward until its teeth engage the teeth
on the sides of the distributer-rail. The teeth of the rail and the matrices are con-
structed on the plan set forth in previous patents, that is to say, a matrix bearing a
given character differs from matrices bearing other characters, either in the number
or in the relative arrangement of its teeth, or both, while the longitudinal teeth of the
rail change at different points in the length of the rail, in such manner that they will
engage and support any matrix in the series until it has advanced to a point imme-
diately over its appropriate magazine-tube, when for the first time all of the teeth will
disengage and thus permit the matrix to drop into the tube.
As regards the carrier for advancing the matrices, the vertical slide for lifting them,
and the devices for carrying them upon the rail, they do not belong to the present
invention. The first improvement connected with these parts resides in providing the
vertical slide with a pivoted pendent finger pivoted in a slot therein, and having a
shoulder. As the slide rises, this finger is without effect upon a matrix at the end of
the line, except to prevent its tipping out of its vertical position. But if a space-bar
occupies the position at the end of the line, the shoulder of the finger will engage the
upper end of the space-bar, and, as the slide descends, the finger will force the space-
bar downward, and finally permit it to descend to its receptacle.
The slide is reciprocated, as in a previous machine, by connecting rods carried by a
crank shaft. Ono feature of the present invention consists in the manner of adjusting
the slide vertically in relation to the crank and connecting rods, so that it may be
caused to rise to the exact level required for the proper delivery of the matrices to the
distributer. This improved mechanism consists of a cross bar mounted in connecting
rods, and connected at its middle by a pivot screw to an eccentric, which is, in turn,
mounted in the slide and secured by a screw passing through a slotted bar thereon.
It will be perceived that, by turning this eccentric, the slide may be raised or lowered
in relation to the other parts.
Another part of the present invention relates to means which prevent the matrices
from being engaged by the lifting slide except when the latter is fully depressed and
in proper position to admit them.
The horizontally reciprocating fork, already alluded to as a means of temporarily
sustaining the matrices after they are lifted by the slide, is operated and timed as in a
previous machine, to advance after the slide is elevated."
To a stationary part of the frame there is pivotted an elbow lever, one end of which
is seated loosely in a slot in the slide, while the opposite end is arranged to vibrate
vertically in the path of the horizontal slide which pushes the line of matrices forward.
During the rise of the lifting slide, the slide is retracted and the lever permitted to
fall, so that if the horizontal slide should advance with a new line of matrices (the
previous line being exhausted) while the lifting slide is ascending, the lever will arrest
the motion of the horizontal slide, and prevent the matrices from being forced into
contact with the lifting slide. When the lifting slide begins its descent, the slide
moving forward will lift the end of the lever, and leave the path of the horizontal
slide clear, so that it may advance the matrices against the lifting slide.
It is sometimes desirable to fasten the horizontal slide in a retracted position in
order that the attendant may have free access to the parts adjacent to the vertical slide.
To this end, there is pivotted, on the end of the distributer-frame, a gravity latch, to
engage and hold a shoulder on the slide when the latter is turned backward beyond
its operative position. As this latch is beyond the reach of the operator when
seated at the keyboard, I mount on a frame, a lever, one end of which rests
beneath the latch while the other is within the reach of the operator, who is thus
enabled to disengage the latch without leaving his seat. The lever may be omitted.
For the purpose of advancing one line of matrices by the lifting slide while the
follower slide is retracted to receive a new line, 1 employ dogs pivotted to a second

page_text: norizontal slide, but, as these parts are constructed and operated as in the former
machine, and constitute no part of the present invention, it is deemed unnecessary to
describe them in detail.
In order to automatically stop the carrier by which the matrices are moved
along the distributer-rail in the event of a matrix being displaced, or of its
becoming lodged between the carrier and the magazine, it is proposed to employ
an electric stop mechanism, the circuit of which will be closed through the body
of the lodged matrix. I therefore employ, as before, a throat frame between the
distributer-rail and the upper ends of the magazine tubes, and, in this frame, there
is mounted a series of vertical laterally yielding partitions between which the matrices
pass into the tubes. The present improvement in this connection relates first to
the peculiar manner of forming these yielding partitions; and second, to the construc-
tion of the frame in such manner that it may be readily opened at the front to permit
the removal of the lodged matrix. The electric connections and clutching devices may
be identical with those in the previous application.
The frame is constructed with a stationary rear plate, and a hinged front plate,
which may be turned upward at will. The internal partitions consist each of a hori
zontal pin, screwed or otherwise fixed firmly into the rear plate, and provided with a
longitudinal slot receiving the lower edge of a vertical flexible metal plate. A second
plate, doubled or folded upon itself, is slipped over the plate from the upper end, and
rivetted or otherwise secured thereto; its lower edges lying outside of the supporting
screw, and serving to guide the descending matrix smoothly past the same. The
electric circuit, containing the electro magnet through which the driving clutch is
controlled, is connected at one terminal to the throat-frame, and at the other to the
distributer-rail, either directly or indirectly. When, therefore, a matrix lodges with
one end in contact with the distributer rail or the carrier, and the other end in contact
with either of the partitions of the throat-frame, the circuit will be completed, as in
my previous application, through the body of the matrix, and thus the carrier brought
at once to a stop.
it occasionally occurs that a matrix is delivered to the distributer with the wrong
face forward. In order to prevent it from passing into the machine in this position,
each matrix is provided in one edge with a transverse notch; and the distributer-
frame, on one side, with a stationary lip in position to enter the notch of the matrix,
and permit the latter to pass freely thereby, in the course of its advance to the lifting
slide. If, however, a matrix advances with the wrong face forward, its notch will be
on the edge distant from the lip, so that the solid portion of the matrix will encounter
the lip, the effect of which will be to arrest the advance of the matrix, and prevent it
from moving forward under the influence of the horizontal slide. It is manifest that
the form of the notch and the lip may be varied at will, the only requirement being
that one edge of the matrix shall have a form different from the other, and that the
machine be provided with an appropriate stop to encounter the matrix.
In practice, it is found that unless the matrices in front of the mould are closed
tightly together, the molten metal will enter between them, and form objectionable
projections on the linotype. When the matrices are made of flat form on the side
faces, foreign substances will occasionally lodge thereon, and prevent them from being
brought together. To avoid this difficulty, and to admit of the entire pressure of the
clamps being concentrated on a small surface, it is proposed to recess each matrix on
one or both sides. These recesses or depressions may be made of any suitable form
provided they do not extend to the edges of the matrix in such manner as to interfere
with the character therein, or to prevent the matrices from assuming parallel positions
when locked together.
The two vertical edges of the matrix are left unbroken. When a series of matrices
thus formed are brought together, side by side, it will be seen that they bear at the
edges only; and that the presence of foreign matters, except upon these edges, is
immaterial. In short, the construction admits of the matrices being brought in
intimate contact at the edges under the conditions encountered in practice.
The notches in the matrices and the pins on the guide also serve, in addition to the

page_text: purpose heretofore named, that of preventing matrices of one front, or of one style,
from passing accidentally into the machine in connection with matrices of a different
front. To this end, the matrices of each front will have their notch located in a
distinctive position.
Dated this 11th day of April 1890.
HENRY H. LEIGH.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Linotype Machines.
I, HENRY HARINGTON LEIGH, Fel. Inst. P.A., Assoc. M. Inst. C.E., practising
as Phillips & Leigh, at No. 22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
Administrative County of London, Engineer & Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
The present invention has reference to that class of machines originated by my
communicator, and now known in the art as Linotype Machines" designed to
produce and assemble metal bars, commonly termed "Linotypes," each bearing on one
edge, properly justified, the type characters to print a complete line.
The improvements have reference more particularly to the details of the magazine
in which the matrices are contained; the channel and blast mechanisms for advancing
and assembling the matrices after their discharge from the magazine tubes; the
mechanisms for transferring the assembled or composed line to the casting mechanism;
the devices for aligning and confining the matrices in front of and against the mould;
the mechanism for transferring the matrices after the casting operation to the
distributor; and to various details of the distributing mechanism.
Referring to the accompanying drawings
--
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the entire machine as seen from the front.
Figs. 1 and 1 are, respectively, a perspective and a bottom plan view of one of the
type-bars, or linotypes, the product of the machine.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the magazine, distributor, and composing
mechanism, from front to rear on the line 1-1 of Figs. 1 and 4.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view on the same line, through the upper part of the magazine,
on an enlarged scale.
Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 2, shewing particularly the
conductor or channel for the matrix and the devices for dividing the blast.
Fig. 5 is a vertical cross section on the line 3-3 of the preceding figure.
Fig. 6 is a vertical cross section on the line 3*-3* of the said preceding figure.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view shewing the manner of supporting the lower end of the
wires which retain the matrices in the conductor-channel.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view from the rear side shewing the removable frame which
supports the magazine tubes, and its connections with the distributing frame at the
top, and the matrix guide or conductor at the bottom, a single magazine tube and its
ejecting device being shewn in position.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the lower end of one of the magazine tubes, and the
matrix-ejecting devices attached thereto; and Fig. 9ª, a perspective view of its upper
end.
Fig. 10 is a horizontal cross section of one of the magazine tubes.
Fig. 11 is a side elevation shewing the ejector slide and its actuating lever.
Figs. 12 and 13 are perspective views shewing, respectively, one of the matrices
and one of the expansible space-bars.
Fig. 14 is a perspective view shewing the lower end of the matrix conductor; the
levices for assembling the matrices; for delivering the space bars into the line, and
or transferring the completed line of matrices laterally to the devices which present
hem, successively, to the casting and distributing mechanisms.
Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the yielding finger or resistant against which the
ine of matrices is advancing during its composition.

page_text: Fig. 15 is a transverse vertical section from front to rear on the line 4-4 of
Fig. 14, in the direction indicated by the arrow, showing particularly, in operative
position, the devices which effect the lateral transfer of the completed line.
Fig. 16 is a similar view on the same line with the transferring devices in their
elevated or inactive position.
Fig. 16 is a rear elevation of the devices for releasing the transferring devices that
they may move laterally, the view being taken in the direction indicated by the arrow
in Fig. 15.
Fig. 17 is a cross section on the line 5-5 of Figs. 14, 15, and 16.
Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the vertically-moving slide and its connecting
devices through which the line of matrices is first lowered to the casting mechanism,
and thereafter lifted to the distributor.
Fig. 19 is a top plan view of said slide, a portion being broken away to shew the
locking dog by which it is held down during the casting operation.
Fig. 20 is a front elevation of the galley and devices for assembling the linotypes
therein, the lifting devices being shewn partly in section.
Fig. 21 is a front elevation partly in section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 22, shewing
the mould-wheel and the devices for transferring the line of matrices thereto.
Fig. 22 is a vertical section through the casting and matrix-clamping mechanisms
on the line 7-7 of Figs. 4 and 21.
Fig. 23 is a vertical cross section on the line 7-7 showing, on an enlarged scale,
the devices which carry the matrices and align them in front of the mould.
Fig. 24 is a perspective view shewing more particularly the mechanism for
composing and transferring the line of matrices, the melting pot and the adjacent
parts; the view being taken from the rear, and in a downward direction.
Fig. 25 is a perspective view looking in an upward direction against the receiving
end of the distributor, shewing particularly the devices by which the matrices are
presented, one at a time, to the distributor rail, and the space-bars delivered in a
downward direction to their receptacle.
Fig. 26 is a longitudinal vertical central section through the receiving end of the
distributor and the devices for introducing the matrices thereto, the section being
taken on the line 9-9 of Figs. 25, 29, 30, and 32.
Fig. 27 is a vertical cross section from front to rear through the upper end of one
of the magazine tubes and the mouth piece thereover.
Fig. 28 is a vertical section through the same on the line 10-10.
Fig. 29 is a vertical section from front to rear through the distributor on the
line 12-12 of Fig. 26, shewing, in side elevation, the vertical slide and attendant
parts for delivering the matrices upward to the distributor-rail, and the space-bars
downward to their receiver, the lifting slide being shewn in the lower position.
Fig. 30 is a similar view with the lifting slide in its elevated position.
Fig. 31 is a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, through the lifting slide on the
line 9-9 of Figs. 29 and 30.
Fig. 32 is a transverse vertical section through the distributor on the line 11--11 of
Fig. 26, shewing more particularly the devices for presenting the matrices singly to
the distributor rail.
Fig. 33 is a perspective view shewing, in their proper relations, the principal parts
for presenting the matrices to the distributor-rail; the framework and minor parts
being omitted.
In order that the detailed description which follows may be the more readily
understood, I will first describe the general organization and operation of the
machine.
I employ in the present machine, as in its predecessors, a series of matrices, or
female type, each representing a single letter, or character, and a series of expansible
space bars.
Referring to Fig. 1 :-
A represents a rigid framework intended to sustain the various operative parts.
B is a series of vertical magazine tubes containing the matin

page_text: devices located at the lower end of the magazine and operated by suitable connections,
from finger keys D whereby they are caused to deliver the matrices, one at a time'
from the lower ends of the magazine tubes into the upper open side of an inclined
conductor, or trough, E. A pipe F connected with a suitable blower delivers a blast
of air longitudinally through the conductor E from its upper end, this blast serving to
carry the matrices forward to the point of assemblage or composition in the lower
horizontal end of the conductor E. A receptacle G containing the series of space-
bars is located above the conductor E, and provided with devices, connected with a
finger-key for delivering the space bars, one at a time, downward into the line of
matrices in the course of its composition.
A pair of vertically and laterally movable arms, one of which is shewn at H, serves
to transfer the completed line to a vertically-movable yoke, or rail, I, by which the line
is lowered to the face of a mould wheel, J, lying in front of a melting pot K from which
molten metal is delivered into the mould and against the line of matrices. The type
bar or linotype, thus produced in the mould, is presented by the revolution of the
wheel to an ejector slide L by which the bar is driven from the mould, and carried
forward to a lifting plate N, which in turn delivers the hars, successively, to the lower
end of the galley M. After the matrices have formed the type on the bar cast against
them, they are carried by the lifting yoke I to the top of the machine, and move
laterally therefrom by a slide O between horizontal rails P to a vertical slide Q, which,
assisted by other devices, presents the matrices one at a time, to the horizontal
distributing rail T along which they are moved by the endless carrier U, until they
drop into the upper ends of the appropriate tubes, the space-bars being, in the
meantime, delivered downward by the slide Q to their receptacle G.
It will be perceived that the object of the mechanism is to assemble the matrices
and space-bars, and present them to the mould, deliver the molten metal against
them, and, finally, return them to the magazines from which they started. In its
general organization, and in all its leading features, the present machine is, substan-
tially, identical with that described in a former patent, No. 105251886.
1 will now describe the construction of the present machine in detail, more
especially with reference to the features constituting the subject of the present
invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, A represents the rigid main frame aforesaid, consisting of a
base plate a having, at its four corners, posts or pillars a' supporting a horizontal bed
or table a², which, in turn, supports two uprights a³ carrying at their upper ends the
horizontal distributor-frame a¹.
B represents the magazine composed of a series of vertical tubes b, arranged side
by side, and connected as shewn in Fig. 8 to a rigid frame b'. This frame is provided
at its top with two hooked arms 62 by which it is suspended from the stationary
distributor frame a"; this connection allowing the entire magazine to be readily
removed from the main frame independently of the key mechanism, to the end that it
may be replaced by a magazine containing matrices adapted to produce a different
style or size of types. At its lower end, the magazine frame 61 bears against the
rear side of the conductor E, and is held in place by a clip-plate 63 and a fastening
bolt therethrough. This clip is not an essential feature, and may be replaced by any
other suitable fastening.
The magazine tubes b are attached independently to the frame b', so that any tube
requiring examination or repairs may be removed by lifting it out in a forward
direction, that is to say, in an edgewise direction toward the operator, without
disturbing the remainder. The mode of attachment to this end is plainly represented
in Figs. 2 and 8, from which it will be seen that the bottom of the frame 61 is provided
with a series of transverse grooves to receive the lower end of the tubes and each
tube is provided, at its top, with a hook 6 adapted to engage a lip on the top of the
frame b. This construction holds the tubes in the exact position required, but
admits of their being lifted from the front of the frame at will.
A bar be (see figs. 2 and 8) is pivotted at its end in the frame b' extends across the
rear side of the magazine; and, when free, it drops downward and bears on plates

page_text: attached to and forming in effect a part of the lower ends of the tubes, in such
manner as to prevent them being lifted out of connection with the frame. When the
bar is turned upward, however, it releases the entire series of tubes, so that any one
may be removed and replaced at will. It is to be noted that the tubes are not lifted
endwise from their positions, but that, on the contrary, they are disengaged by a
very slight vertical movement, after which they are removed horizontally. This
independent removability of the tubes is considered an improved feature of this
invention. Heretofore, the magazine tubes have been of an unbroken tubular
form, that is to say, without side openings or channels. They are now constructed
of the sectional form represented in Figs. 9 and 10; a sheet of metal forming
one side of the flat tube being bent inward, or returned upon itself, along its two
edges in such a manner as to produce a tube having one side closed, but the
opposite side open, centrally, through its entire, or substantially its entire, length.
This side opening &' is advantageous, in that it permits of the escape of the air
from the path of the descending matrices, and in that it affords ready access to the
interior of the tube at all points in its length, so that a matrix lodging accidentally
therein may be readily removed or adjusted. I prefer to construct the tube with
the edges of the sheet projected inwardly in the forms of ribs, or flanges &³, and also
to provide the opposite or closed side of the tube with inwardly projected ribs 6º.
By this construction, the matrices are held out of contact with the inner faces
of the tubes, thus reducing the friction, preventing the confinement of the air
below them, and preventing them from adhering to the side walls in the event of
the condensation of moisture thereon. A further advantage arising from the con-
struction of the tube with the open side lies in the fact that tubes of a uniform
size externally may be readily adapted to receive matrices of different thicknesses
by turning the edges 68 inward to a greater or less extent, the cost of manufacture
in quantity being much less than that of solid drawn tubes of different sizes. The
upper end of the tube is enlarged, and the flanges 8 and ribs 6° made to terminate
below the enlarged end to facilitate the admission of the matrices.
At its lower end, each matrix tube is provided with an ejecting mechanism for
delivering the matrices in a downward direction therefrom, one at a time, into the
conductor below. This ejecting mechanism C (see Figs. 2, 9, and 11,) is substan-
tially identical with that represented in Letters Patent of the United States
No. 392446 Novr. 6th 1888, and is not claimed in itself as a part of the present
invention. The ejector which is secured to the magazine tube, and is removable
with its connecting tube, consists mainly of an arm or plate c fixed rigidly to, and
forming in effect a part of, the tube; a lever c¹ pivotted to this plate; and a vertically-
moving slide c operated by the lever. The slide carries a spring finger c³, by which
the matrices are thrust downwards, and operates a pivotted detent by which the
escape of more than one matrix at a time is prevented. A spring co serves to lift the
slide, and hold it in a normally elevated position. Whenever the rear end of
the lever is raised, it depresses the slide and a matrix is delivered.
The finger-key mechanism D consists, as shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, of a series of key
levers d representing the respective letters, or characters; each mounted midway of
its length, on a horizontal pivot d', and arranged to act at its rear end on a vertical
rod d. The key pivots and the rods d² are sustained by suitable supports on the bed
plate of the main frame; the upper ends of the rods bearing beneath the rear ends of
the ejector levers c'. The rods, being suitably guided and held in position at their
upper ends, are certain to register with the levers; so that the magazine may be
removed and replaced with the certainty that the rods and levers will assume their
operative relations.
The matrix conductor, or channel, E is made, as in the prior machines, of a
U form in cross section with its open side immediately under the magazine tubes, in
order that it may receive the matrices therefrom. The conductor is formed internally
with the longitudinal ribs, or shoulders, e upon which the shoulders at the upper ends
of the matrices rest, for the purpose of retaining the matrices in an upright position
as they are carried lengthwise through the conductor by the force of the blast. To

page_text: prevent the matrices from being overturned, I stretch, longitudinally, in the lower
part of the channel, two wires e¹, which engage shoulders on the lower ends of the
matrices as in the said former Patent No. 105251888. At their upper ends these wires
are connected to a winding spindle 2, Fig. 8, by which their proper tension may be
maintained, and at the lower end are extended downward beyond the point at which
they terminate in the previous machine, and until they overlie the horizontal terminal
portion of the guide E on which the matrices are assembled. By thus extending the
wires so that they hold the matrices down until their direction of movement is changed,
and they have commenced to travel horizontally, the danger of the light matrices
being overturned or being blown out of the machine is avoided. At its lower end,
the conductor E terminates as in the previous applications, in the horizontal portion e³
having the side walls to support and sustain the line of matrices cut open on the
under side, that they may be relieved from the lifting effect of the blast.
Instead of delivering the entire blast directly into the upper end of the matrix
channel of the conductor E, and against the matrices delivered from the upper tubes,
as in the previous machines, there are now provided means for dividing the blast,
allowing one portion. to enter the upper end of the conductor, and the remaining
portion to enter the conductor at a lower point. By thus distributing or dividing
the blast, and introducing the secondary or unweakened blast, midway of the length
of the conductor, or thereabouts, the machine is enabled to carry all the matrices
forward to the point of assemblage with rapidity and certainty, and this without
employing a blast so strong as to cause the matrices to strike violently upon each
other, or to cause the throwing of the light matrices from the machine. The pipes or
passages for delivering the blast into the channel or passage of the conductor, at
different points in its length, may be constructed in any appropriate manner.
It has
been found good practise to make the channel at its upper end deeper than would
otherwise be required, and to introduce therein one or more horizontal partitions e
extending from the upper end.downward half the length of the conductor, or
thereabout.
The blast pipe F delivers the air partly above, and partly below the partition. The
upper portion of the blast passes over the partition et the entire length of the conductor,
while the portion passing beneath the partition is inoperative, and is prevented from
acting on the matrices until it emerges at the lower end of the partition. While it
has been found in practice that it is sufficient to thus introduce the blast at two points,
it is manifest that it may be subdivided and introduced at any number of points in
the length of the conductor.
At the lower end of the conductor, there are employed reciprocating dogs e to
advance the successive matrices against the line beyond them, and to prevent
them from rebounding. These dogs may be identical with those in the Patent.
No. 105251886
In order to arrest the descending matrices at the front end of the line, and thus
keep the line in compact form, there is used as in the previous machines, a transverse
finger or resistant e lying across the horizontal portion of the conductor, as in Fig. 14,
and connected by a vertical pivot to a horizontally-sliding block e. The finger is held
normally in its operative position by a dog e, and its supporting slide is urged
constantly toward the descending matrices by a spiral spring et, Fig. 24, these
features being the same as in the earlier machines.
From the horizontal end of the conductor, the line of matrices is carried laterally
into the lifting or transferring yoke I, which stands normally in line with and forms
a continuation of the conductor, as shewn in Figs. 1, 4, 18, 19 and 21. This elevating
yoke is moved vertically on a stationary guide i, so that it may descend with the
matrices to the mould, and thereafter ascend with them to the distributor, its motion
being effected through a link i connected to a vertically vibrating arm ², as in the
older machines.
The transfer of the line of matrices to the lifting yoke is effected, as in the earlier
machines, by two arins H and H' arranged to swing downward into the conductor, in
such manner as to grasp the line of matrices between them, and then move laterally to

page_text: carry the line into the lifting yoke. These arms are mounted on a horizontal shaft h
carried by a block sliding horizontally in a groove on the rear side of the conductor E.
The devices for moving the slide h to and fro, horizontally, and for locking the
slide in its normal position are practically identical with those shewn in the Patent
No. 105251888 herein before mentioned and form no part of the present invention.
In Figs. 15, 16 and 16ª, 7 is the slide locking dog mounted on the frame, the
pin to release the same, h the spring supporting frame, and a projection on shaft h
to effect the disengagement of the dog, and release of the slide when the arms H H¹
are turned down to grasp the matrices. The dog and pin correspond with the parts O
and R in the patent above referred to (No. 105251886) and the arm " with the pin
operating shoulder on the arm j¹ of said patent. With two exceptions, the said
arms H, H may be constructed and operated in the manner set forth in the above
named patent. The first improvement consists in providing the arm H with a
pivotted blade 2, shewn in Figs. 14 15 and 16, forming a downward continuation
thereof, so constructed and arranged that as the arms swing downward to grasp the
matrices, this blade will pass downward through the conductor E, and past the rear
end of the line. It serves mainly to bear against and hold the end of the line of
matrices from shifting laterally out of position, so that they will be certain to pass
the end of the clamping jaw j as they are moved downward by the yoke to the casting
mechanism. The blade h² may be modified in form and arrangement at will, provided
only it is adapted to pass down vertically through the conductor. Then, made of the
particular form shewn in the drawing, there is mounted on the frame a stationary
pin ³, which, encountering the upper end of the blade, throws the lower end into the
proper position to enter between the walls of the conductor. The second improvement
relating to the transfer arms H and H' resides in providing one of the arms with a
rigid pin h¹, extending laterally and adapted to pass at its end freely into a hole in the
other arm.
The arm His movable on its shaft to and from its companion, being
acted upon by a spring as in the previous machine, so that the two arms grasp the
matrices with a yielding or spring pressure. As the two arms H, H³ approach, the
said rigid pin, sliding through the arm H, holds the arms together, so that they are
compelled to rise and fall in unison. The pin avoids in a measure the strain and
wear which would otherwise be thrown upon the sliding connection of the arm H to
its shaft.
The lifting or transferring yoke I is grooved or ribbed internally along its sides to
engage the shoulders of the matrices and prevent them from rising therein, as plainly
shewn in Figs. 4 and 21. In order to ensure the passage of the matrices smoothly
and easily into the open end of the yoke, the adjacent end of the conductor E is
provided with stationary side blocks e having inwardly projecting lips e bevelled
upward at one end. These bevelled lips overide the ends of the matrices, hold them
down snugly to their places, so that after leaving the conductor they are certain to
pass properly into the yoke.
The mould wheel J stands in a vertical position below and behind the lower end of
the conductor E, and is provided with the slot or mould proper j through it from one
face to the other, as in the prior machines. The yoke I, descending with the line
of matrices, presents and sustains them in front of the mould wheel, and in such
manner that for the time being they close the front of the mould proper as plainly
shewn in Fig. 22.
While in this position, the matrices are acted upon laterally, that is to say, from
opposite ends of the line, and held tightly together by the two horizontally movable
clamps and 3. To prevent the matrices at the front of the line from moving
horizontally out of position as they descend between the open clamps, the clamp ³ is
formed with an upwardly-extending arm as plainly shewn in Figs. 4 and 21. The
inner or forward edge of this arm, rising to the level at which the matrices are
received into the yoke, acts against the end of the line and guides the descending
matrices properly to their places between the two jaws 2 and 3. In this action, it
co-operates with the before mentioned blade 2 which stands at the opposite ends of
the line, as plainly shewn in Fig. 21. It will be perceived that during its descent,

page_text: the line is confined at its ends between the blade h² one the one side, and the arm j³
on the other. With this exception, the construction and operation of the parts for
lowering the matrices is substantially identical with that described in the former
Patent, No. 105251880
In order to give the desired results, it is necessary that the matrices shall be
presented to the mould with their characters in exact alignment vertically. To this
end one important feature of the present invention consists in providing means by
which the head or yoke I is locked down firmly and accurately in place during the
casting operation. This construction is plainly shewn by which the line of matrices
is sustained in front of the mould in Figs. 18, 19, and 22, in which is a horizontal
rock shaft mounted in the yoke, and carrying at one end a hooked arm 3 adapted to
interlock with a rigid portion of the frame, and hold the head down to its place. At
its opposite end the rock shaft is provide, as in Figs. 18 and 19, with a crank
arm to which the link for moving the yoke is connected. The crank arm ³ is
allowed but a limited movement, and is held in an elevated position by a spring i
whereby its hook it is kept normally out of engagement with the frame. As the arm ²
descends, it carries the yoke and matrices downward until the yoke comes to a fixed
bearing on the frame and mould wheel, after which the arm 2, continuing its move-
ment, causes the hook to engage the frame, and secure the yoke. When the arm i
rises, its first effect is to unlock, and its second to lift the yoke.
The essential feature of the improvement in this regard resides in the combination
with the rising and falling yoke of an automatic device for positively locking the
same down to its place upon the frame in front of the mould; and it is manifest that
the details may be variously modified within the range of mechanical skill without
changing essentially the mode of action.
As a further means of securing a proper alignment of the matrices, the yoke I is
now divided for the first time horizontally, and its lower portion, which is grooved to
receive the sustaining shoulders of the matrices, is connected to the upper portion by
screws, or equivalent connections, which will admit of the upper portion playing
vertically, in relation to the lower, to a very limited extent. The devices for raising,
lowering, and locking down the yoke are connected to the upper portion. When the
matrices are received into the yoke, the lower or movable portion, suspended loosely
from the upper portion by the screws i, is in its lower position, as shewn at Fig. 23.
As the yoke descends, the lower portion, which alone sustains the weight of the.
matrices, comes to a bearing at one side on the main frame, and on the opposite side on
the shoulder of the mould, as shown in Fig. 22. By this action, the matrices are
brought approximately in line, but as the upper or body portion of the yoke continues
its downward movement, its shoulders (see fig. 25)-bear on the upper ends of the
matrices, and force them downward firmly to a bearing, and into exact alignment
vertically. The connecting link i, through which the yoke receives motion, is of an
elastic or yielding character, so that the yoke forces the matrices down to their place
with a pressure which is strong, but which is, at the same time, of a yielding character,
so that breakage or injury to the parts is prevented.
In order that the vertical edges of the matrices may be kept in exact alignment, it
is foun'l advisable to make the forward side of the yoke I of such vertical depth that
it will extend downward on the outer or front edges of the matrices to their lower
ends, as shewn in figs. 22 and 23; the matrices being thus supported and held at the
front against the inner side of the yoke, instead of being lowered against an anvil or
shoulder on the stationary frame, as heretofore.
In practice it is found that by thus forming the yoke so that it serves both to
suspend the matrices and to directly support them on the outer edge, the accuracy
of alignment is greatly improved. When in its lower position, the vertical face of the
yoke bears against and receives support from the solid vertical face or shoulder a¹ of
the main frame, as seen in Fig. 22.
The mould wheel is mounted on a horizontal sliding frame so that it may be moved
o and from the line of matrices, and the melting pot is in like manner mounted on
horizontal guides that its mouth may be moved to and from the rear face of the mould

page_text: wheel. These parts together with the mechanism for moving them form no part of
the present invention, and they may be constructed in the identical manner set forth
in the patent heretofore referred to, viz., No. 105251886
The imechanism for automatically operating the matrix-clamping jaws j² and j³ may
also be constructed in the same manner as that in the application just referred to.
At the completion of the casting operation, the mould wheel makes a half revolution,
and the horizontal ejector-slide L, advancing from the rear, passes through the wheel
carrying the linotype before it, and through a shaving and sizing mechanism W, to the
receiving plate M at the front. The shaving mechanism consists simply of a stationary
upper blade w, and a stationary lower blade w¹, the edges of which are presented
toward the wheel, and of a secondary and stationary lower blade ². Between the
blades w¹ and w², there is a movable spring supported plate which serves simply to
force the linotypes upwards and hold them against the under face of the blade w, as
they are being carried over the end of the blade 2. In this way a uniform thickness
of the linotype is ensured, and the upper secondary blade of the previous machine
rendered unnecessary.
As a still further means of bringing the mould proper and the matrices in exact
alignment or register, the mould wheel is provided with one or more notches (see
Figs. 4 and 21), and the frame with one or more rigid studs adapted to enter these
notches as the mould wheel is moved forward to the casting position. It is preferable
to taper the studs so that they will enter the notches readily and turn the wheel if out
of position to the exact point required. Obviously, the studs could be formed upon
the wheel and the openings formed in the frame.
To reduce the labor of dressing the linotypes over their entire faces and to admit of
the matter being spaced or "leaded" without rendering the bars unduly heavy, the
linotypes are now formed with two or more narrow ribs across one of their side faces,
as plainly shewn in Fig. 1. The slot or mould proper of the mould wheel is formed as
shewn in Fig. 21, with grooves in its side wheel to produce these ribs. The ribbed
side of the linotype is presented to the under blades of the dressing or shaving
mechanism. The ribs and the slots to form them terminate, before reaching the back
of the mould, so that the ribs act to prevent the linotype from being drawn with the
melting pot from the back of the mould.
The linotype having the ribs thereon is not claimed as of the present invention.
After the casting action is completed and the matrices released by the clamping
devices, the lifting yoke rises until it stands on a level with the stationary rails or
flanges P lying horizontally along the inner sides of the distributor-frame at one end
thereof. While the yoke stands in this position, the slide O which was previously
retracted, advances and forces the line of matrices out of the yoke, and toward.
the distributing devices; the yoke immediately descending to receive the next
line. The slide O is connected with a lever o attached to a rock shaft o¹ acted
upon by a spring o² whereby the slide is caused to urge the line of matrices
constantly forward, so that the matrix or the space-bar at the front of the line
bears against the face of the vertical slide Q. In thus approaching the lifting
slide Q, the matrices pass beneath a stationary rail e12 which prevents them from
rising except as they pass its end one at a time.
The foregoing parts together with the slide Q which carries the matrices upward and
the space-bars downward, are constructed and operated in a manner very similar to
that set forth in previous patents.
At its extreme upper end the slide is recessed in such manner that it will
receive a single matrix; and when therefore, it descends to its lowest point, the
foremost matrix is carried forward and seated in the slide which, moving upward,
lifts the matrix until the suspending teeth in its upper end stand in line with the
distributor-rail T. A forked horizontally-reciprocating slide s', engages the edges
of the matrix and sustains it momentarily, and while thus sustained, one of the
toothed plates U of an endless travelling carrier moves the matrix forward until
its teeth engage the teeth on the sides of the distributor rail. The teeth of the
rail and the matrices are constructed on the plan set forth in previous patents,

page_text: that is to say a matrix bearing a given character differs from matrices bearing
other characters, either in the number or in the relative arrangement of its teeth,
or both. While the longitudinal teeth of the rail change at different points in the
length of the rail, in such manner that they will engage and support any matrix
in the series until it has advanced to a point immediately over its appropriate
magazine tube, when for the first time all of the teeth will disengage, and thus
permit the matrix to drop into the tube.
As regards the carrier for advancing the matrices, the vertical slide for lifting
them, and the devices for carrying them upon the rail, they are not claimed as
of the present invention. The first improvement connected with these parts resides
in providing the vertical slide with a pivotted pendent finger q, pivotted in a slot,
therein, and having a shoulder q¹. As the slide rises, this finger is without effect
upon a matrix at the end of the line except to prevent its tipping out of its
vertical position. But if a space-bar occupies the position at the end of the line,
the shoulder of the finger will engage the upper end of the space-bar as shown
in Fig. 30, and as the slide descends, the finger will force the space-bar down-
ward, and finally permit it to descend to its receptacle G..
The slide is reciprocated as in a previous machine by connecting rods q³ carried
by a crank-shaft q³. One feature of the present invention consists in the manner of
adjusting the slide vertically, in relation to the crank and connecting rods, so that it
may be caused to rise to the exact level required for the proper delivery of the matrices
to the distributor. This feature is shown in Figs. 29, 30 and 31 in which q* shows a
cross bar mounted in connecting-rods, and connected at its middle by a pivot
screw 95, to an eccentric q which is in turn mounted in the slide and secured by a
screw q passing through a slotted bar thereon. It will be perceived that by turning
this eccentric, the slide may be raised or lowered in relation to the other parts.
Another part of the present invention relates to means which prevent the matrices
from being engaged by the lifting slide except when the latter is fully depressed and in
proper position to admit them. This feature is shown in Figs. 26 and 32.
The horizontally reciprocating fork s¹, already alluded to as a means of temporarily
sustaining the matrices after they are lifted by the slide Q, is operated and timed as
in a previous machine to advance after the slide is elevated.
To a stationary part of the frame there is pivotted an elbow lever s², one end of
which is seated loosely in a slot in the slide s, while the opposite end is arranged to
vibrate vertically in the path of the horizontal slide O which pushes the line of
matrices forward. During the rise of the lifting slide Q, the slide s¹ is retracted and
the lever permitted to fall, so that if the slide O should advance with a new line of
matrices (the previous line being exhausted) while the slide Q is ascending, the lover
will arrest the motion of the slide O and prevent the matrices from being forced into
contact with the lifting slide Q. When the lifting slide begins its descent, the
slide s', moving forward, will lift the end of the lever s², and leave the path of the
slide O clear, so that may advance the matrices against the lifting slide.
It is sometimes desirable to fasten the horizontal slide O in a retracted position in
order that the attendant may have free access to the parts adjacent to the vertical
slide. To this end, there is pivotted on the end of the distributor-frame, as in
Figs. 1 and 26, a gravity latch o12 to engage and hold a shoulder on the slide when
the latter is turned backward beyond its operative position, as in Fig. 26. As this
latch is beyond the reach of the operator when seated at the keyboard, I mount, on a
frame, a lever o's one end of which rests beneath the latch while the other is within
the reach of the operator, who is thus enabled to disengage the latch without leaving
his seat. The lever o¹³ may be omitted.
For the purpose of advancing one line of matrices by the lifting slide Q, while the
follower slide O is retracted to receive a new line, dogs o' pivotted to a second
horizontal slide o are employed but as these parts are constructed and operated as in
the former machine and constitute no part of the present invention, it is deemed
unnecessary to describe them in detail.
In order to automatically stop the carrier by which the matrices are moved along
с

page_text: the distributor-rail, in the event of a matrix being displaced or of its becoming
lodged between the carrier and the magazine, it is proposed to employ an electric stop
mechanism, the circuit of which will be closed through the body of the lodged matrix,
as shown in outline in Fig. 28. A throat frame X is therefore employed, as before,
between the distributor-rail and the. upper ends of the magazine tubes, and in this
frame there is mounted a series of vertical laterally-yielding partitions between which
the matrices pass into the tubes. The present improvement in this connection relates,
first, to the peculiar manner of forming these yielding partitions; and second, to the
construction of the frame in such manner that it may be readily opened at the front
to permit the removal of the lodged matrix. The electric connections and clutching
devices may be identical with those in the previous application.
The frame is constructed as shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 27, and 28, with a stationary
rear plate a, and a hinged front plate a which may be turned upward at will. The
internal partitions consist of a horizontal pin 2 screwed or otherwise fixed firmly
into the rear plate, and provided with a longitudinal slot receiving the lower edge of
a vertical flexible metal plate *. A second plate a doubled, or folded upon itself,
is slipped over the plate from the upper end, and rivetted or otherwise secured
thereto, its lower edges lying outside of the supporting screw, and serving to guide
the descending matrix smoothly past the same. The electric circuit 28, containing
the electro magnet through which the driving clutch, 10 is controlled, is connected
at one terminal to the throat-frame and at the other to the distributor-rail either
directly or indirectly. When therefore a matrix lodges with one end in contact with
the distributor-rail or the carrier, and the other end in contact with either of the
partitions of the throat-frame, the circuit will be completed as in the previous.
application through the body of the matrix, and thus the carrier brought at once to
a stop.
It occasionally occurs that a matrix is delivered to the distributer with the wrong
face forward. In order to prevent it from passing into the machine in this position,
each matrix is provided in one edge, as shown in Fig. 12, with a transverse notch o³,
and the distributor frame, on one side, with a stationary lip o, as plainly shewn in
Fig. 32, in position to enter the notch of the matrix, and permit the latter to pass
freely thereby in the course of its advance to the lifting slide Q. If, however, a
matrix advances with the wrong face forward, its notch will be on the edge distant
from the lip o, so that the solid portion of the matrix will encounter the lip, the
effect of which will be to arrest the advance of the matrix, and prevent it from
moving forward: under the influence of the horizontal slide O. It is manifest that the
form of. the notch and the lip may be varied at will, the only requirement being that
one, edge of the matrix. shall have. a. form different from the other, and, that the
machine be provided, with an approximate stop to encounter the matrix.
In practice it is found that unless the matrices in front of the mould are closed
tightly together, the molten metal will enter between them and form objectionable
projections on the linotype. When the matrices are made of flat forin on the side
faces, foreign substances will occasionally lodge thereon and prevent them from being
brought together. To avoid this difficulty, and to admit of the entire pressure of the
clamps being concentrated on a small surface it is proposed to recess each matrix on
one or both sides. These recesses, or depressions, may be made of any suitable form
provided they do not extend to the edges of the matrix in such manner as to interfere
win the character therein. or to prevent the matrices from assuming parallel positions
when locked together. It is recommended to adopt as the best construction that
represented in Fig. 12, in which the matrix is recessed longitudinally on one side as
shewn at o¹¹
The two vertical edges of the matrix are left unbroken. When a series of matrices
tbus formed. are brought together side by side, it will be seen that they bear at the
edges only; and that the presence of foreign matters, except upon these edges is
immaterial: In short the construction admits of the matrices being brought in intimate
contact at the edges under the conditions encountered in practice.
The notches of in the matrices and the pins of on the guide also serve, in addition

page_text: to the purpose heretofore named, that of preventing matrices of one front or of one
style from passing accidentally into the machine in connection with matrices of a
different front. To this end the matrices of each front will have their notch located in
a distinctive position..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The magazine tube having the longitudinal side opening, and the inwardly
turned edges along the sides of said opening.
2. The magazine tube having the enlarged upper end, the longitudinal side opening
and longitudinal internal ribs or lips terminating below the upper end to permit the
free entrance of the matrices.
3. The throat-frame for the magazine having the series of partitions each
composed of a stationary stud, a flexible plate fixed thereto, and an overlying
plate 25.
4. The sustaining-frame, and the series of independently removable magazine
tubes engaged therewith, in combination with the locking-bar to hold all the tubes
in engagement.
5. In combination with the conductor Ę into which the matrices are delivered at
different points in its length, an air conductor with openings located at different
points in the length of the conductor E and adapted to deliver the air lengthwise of
said conductor E, whereby the inatrices are subjected to successive impulses of air in
the course of their passage.
6. In combination with the trough-like conductor E, the blast pipe F discharging
therein, and a longitudinal partition et extending but a portion of the length of the
conductor, and adapted as described, to divide the ingoing blast.
7. In a composing mechanism, the combination substantially as shewn of a trough
or conductor adapted to admit matrices at different points in its length, a blast
mechanism provided with discharge openings delivering air into and longitudinally
of said channel at different points in its length, magazine tubes located above and at
different points in the length of the channel and ejecting devices whereby the type
are delivered from the tubes into the channel.
8. In combination with the inclined conductor E having a horizontal end to receive
the advancing matrices, the internal longitudinal wires or guides e extended through
the inclined portion of the conductor and continued downward over one end of the
horizontal portion: whereby the advancing matrices are prevented from jumping out
of position as they leave the guide.
9. In combination with the vertically-swinging and laterally moving arms H, H¹,
and their sustaining shaft, movable one in relation to the other as described, the
connecting rod attached to one arm and adapted to engage the other as described
and shown.
10. In combination with a guide or conductor E to sustain the matrices, the
vertically and laterally movable arm H provided with the extension blade h² adapted
to enter the guide or conductor opposite the end of the line of matrices, and the
vertically movable head or yoke I for lowering the matrices past the blade; whereby
the matrices are prevented from shifting laterally during their descent.
11. In combination with the vertically-slotted guide or conductor in which the
matrices are assembled and supported, the vertically-swinging and laterally movable
arm H, the blade 2 pivotted thereto, and the stationary pin h³ controlling the move-
ment of said blade as it descends.
12. In combination with the guide or conductor on which the inatrices are
assembled, the receiving head or yoke I at its end, and the flanged blocks e mounted
on the conductor as described to guide the matrices and keep them in position during
their transfer to the yoke.
13. In combination with the rising and falling head I to sustain the line of matrices,
the laterally movable arm H having the depending blade h' to act against the rear

page_text: end of the matrix line, and an upright arm ja to act upon the forward end of the
matrix line; whereby the descending line of matrices is properly guided between the
blade 2 and arm ja in descending to the mould.
14. In combination with the head or yoke I for lowering the matrices to the mould,
the movable matrix confining clamp provided with an uprising arm ja to assist in
guiding the line of matrices during its descent.
15. In combination with the main frame, the mould and the vertically-movable
head or yoke I to support the matrices and present them to the mould, a locking
device acting to hold the yoke firmly down in place.
16. In combination with the main-frame, the mould, the vertically-movable yoke I,
and the pivotted dog or hook : whereby the yoke is held down in place during the
casting operation.
17. In combination with the main-frame and the rising and falling head I, the
rock shaft 3, the locking dog, and the arm connected to said shaft, and the vibratory
arm connected to the arm i: whereby it is caused to serve the double purpose of
raising and lowering the yoke and of operating the locking device therefor.
18. The combination of the yoke I, the locking dog mounted thereon and provided
with the operating arm, the spring io, the operating arm 2, and the yielding link i¹
connecting the arms i² and i³.
19. In combination with the mould, the vertically-movable head or yoke I divided
borizontally into two parts, said parts connected to admit of a limited vertical play
between them, and the lower part adapted to sustain the matrices as described.
20. In combination with the mould having a shoulder thereon, the vertically-
movable horizontally-divided head or yoke I, its lower member adapted to sustain
the matrices, and its upper member adapted to bear thereon, in combination with
the operating device connected to the upper member, whereby the upper member is
caused to effect the accurate alignment of the matrices after they are presented to the
mould by the lower member.
21. In combination with the mould having the shoulder 1, and the main-frame, the
horizontally-divided vertically-movable yoke or yokes I adapted to bear upon the
mould and upon the main-frame as described.
22. In combination with the main-frame having the vertical shoulder a¹0 to form a
bearing therefor, the vertically movable head I adapted to sustain the matrices and to
bear against their outer or forward edges for substantially their entire height,
the horizontally-movable mould adapted to bear against the opposite edges of the
matrices, whereby the matrices are firmly confined between the mould and the
opposite faces of the yoke, and the latter in turn sustained directly by the main frame.
23. The movable matrix yoke or head I grooved to receive the supporting shoulders
of the matrices with one wall extended downward to support the forward edges of
the matrices, but the opposite wall of less vertical width that the face of the mould
may pass thereunder to the edges of the inatrices, as shown in Fig. 2.
24. In combination with the mould wheel and the ejector L, the stationary
trimming blade W baving its edges adjacent to the mould, the underlying stationary
blade having its edge adjacent to the mould wheel, the stationary blade w² and the
spring supported plate w³, the two latter lying beneath a stationary surface to guide
the type.
25. In a linotype machine, the linotype mould having the mould proper j provided
in one wall with two or more grooves perpendicular to the front end of the mould
and to the face of the type cast therein, whereby the linotypes are formed with raised
ribs for spacing or leading purposes.
26. In combination with the rotating mould wheel movable in the direction of its
axis, the main frame provided with a stud adapted to engage said wheel when in its
operative position and thereby hold it against rotation.
27. The sustaining rails P and the matrices provided with suspending shoulders to
ride on said rails, and with notches o' in one edge, in combination with the slide O
and the stud 10 whereby the matrices and the slide are arrested in the event of a
matrix being reversed

page_text: 28. In combination with guides P to support the matrices and the vertical slide Q
to lift them singly therefrom, the horizontal slide O for advancing the matrices to the
lifting slide, and the movable stops to arrest the advance of the slide_ O, and
suitable means substantially as described for imparting a constant vibration to the
stop.
29. In combination with the lifting slide Q, the constantly reciprocating slide s'
to sustain the matrices when lifted, the stop or dog s² actuated by the slide s¹ and the
horizontal slide O for advancing the matrices.
30. In combination with the matrix rails or supports in advance of the
distributor, the spring actuated slide O for advancing the matrices thereover,
and the latch 012 for locking said slide at the will of the operator when
retracted.
31. In a mechanisin for separating the matrices from the longer space bars, the
reciprocating slide recessed in its upper end to receive and carry the matrices, and
provided below the recess with the yielding finger to engage the space-bars and carry
them downward.
32. In combination with the distributer rail, the matrix lifting slide, its operating
pitman Q, their actuating crank and the eccentric and adjusting device between the
pitman and slide: whereby the rise of the slide may be adjusted in proper position to
the distributing rail.
33. The matrix having a letter or character in one edge and the longitudinal recess
or depression in its side face from end to end.
Dated this 28th day of June 1890
HENRY HARINGTON LEIGH.