Improvements in Sewing Machines.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Mar., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 30th Dec., 1889-Accepted, 1st Feb., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Sewing Machines.
We, JAMES Moss, Engineer, and CHARLES BRANSTON HUNT, Gentleman, both of
Dufferin Street, St. Lukes, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to sewing machines in which an upper and an under thread
are employed and in which the under thread is drawn from a reel and the upper
thread is passed by the aid of a hook or looper around the lower reel. A machine of
this sort is described in the Specification of a patent No. 11009 in the year 1887.
By our invention the looper, or instrument which carries the loop of the needle
thread around the lower reel, is more efficiently controlled; the needle bar also is
made to operate in an improved manner; and further the construction of the reel
holder is improved.
The looper is as before mounted upon a crank upon a longitudinal axis which
carries it around in a circular course and in addition it is controlled by an arm pro-
jecting from it. In place however of the end of this arm being jointed to a link as
heretofore it is now held in a guide slot to which a suitable curvature is given to give
to it the movements required for passing the loop around a vertical reel as described
in our former Patent. In order more efficiently to tighten the stitch the needle bar
which is actuated by a cam of suitable form is caused in rising to pause whilst the
looper draws out the loop of which it has got hold and just as this loop becomes fully
drawn out the needle rises again a short distance thereby tightening the needle thread
above the fabric. Thus the stitch is completed by the needle bar and not by the hook
as heretofore. In this machine no "take up" lever is employed, the stitch is tightened
without the aid of any such instrument. The reel carrying the lower thread is as
before mounted in a reel holder and this is provided with an upright spindle on which
the reel is mounted and turns, but now the reel holder also has a cover which closes
over the top of the reel. The cover is hinged to the reel holder on one side and on
the other side it is held by a stud which entering a hole in the cover engages with it.
On the cover immediately above the catch there is a projection standing up from the
cover but inclined inwards towards the centre; it terminates in a point which enters
the loop of the needle thread as the looper carries it around.
The part of the reel holder on to which the cover closes is of wedge like form and
the loop opens and passes on either side of it. In this part of the reel holder and upon
the cover is the apparatus for regulating the tension of the lower thread. The thread
as it is drawn from the reel passes around a wire parallel to the axis of the reel, and
then through an eye on the reel holder, the thread passes from the eye, about midway
in the length of the reel, up through a hole in the cover and it passes across the cover
beneath an adjustable spring hlade which bears lightly upon it and so the thread
passes to another eye on the cover from which it goes directly to the work.
These improvements are applicable whether the hook has its motion imparted to it
by a crank arm and links as described in the Specification above mentioned or whether
the same motions are imparted to the hook in other ways.
T
001 1
1000
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE `SPECIFICATION.”
Improvements in Sewing Machines.
We, JAMES Moss, Engineer, and CHARLES BRANSTON HUNT, Gentleman, both of
Dufferin Street, St., Lukes, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
-
This invention relates to sewing machines in which an upper and an under thread!
are employed, and in which the under thread is drawn from a reel, and the upper
thread is passed by the aid of a hook or looper around the lower reel. A machine of
this sort is described in the Specification of a Patent granted to us No. 11009 in the
year 1887.
.
By our Invention the looper or instrument which carries the loop of the needle
thread around the lower, reel is more efficiently controlled'; the needle bar also is made
to operate in an improved manner, and further the construction of the reel holder is
improved.
The looper is as before mounted upon a crank upon a longitudinal axis which
carries it around in a circular course, and in addition it is controlled by an arm pro-
jecting from it. In place however of the end of this arm being jointed to a link as
heretofore, it is now held in a guide slot to which a suitable curvature is given, to
give to it the movements required for passing the loop around a vertical reel as
described in our former Patent. In order more efficiently to tighten the stitch, the
needle bar, which is actuated by a cam of suitable form is caused in rising to pause
whilst the looper. draws out the loop of which it has got hold and just as this loop
becomes fully drawn out the needle rises again a short distance thereby tightening the
needle thread above the fabric. Thus the stitch is completed by the needle bar; and
not by the hook as heretofore. In this machine no take up "lever is employed, the
stitch is tightened without the aid of any such instrument. The reel carrying the
lower thread is as before, mounted in a reel holder, and this is provided with an upright
spindle on which the reel is mounted and turns, but now the reel holder also has a
cover, which closes over the top of the reel. The cover is hinged to the recl holder
on one side and on the other side, it is held by a stud, which entering a hole in the
cover engages with it. On the cover, immediately above the catch, there is a pro-
jection standing up from the cover, but inclined inwards towards the centre: it
terminates in a point which enters the loop of the needle thread, as the looper carries
it around.
The part of the reel holder on to which the cover closes, is of wedge like form, and
the loop opens and passes on either side of it. In this part of the reel holder and
upon the cover is the apparatus for regulating the tension of the lower thread. The
thread as it is drawn from the reel passes around a wire parallel to the axis of the reel,
and then through an eye on the reel holder, the thread passes from the eye (at about
midway in the length of the reel) up through a hole in the cover, and it passes across
the cover beneath an adjustable spring blade which bears lightly upon it, and so the
thread passes to another eye on the cover from which it goes directly to the work.
These improvements are applicable whether the book has its motion imparted to it
by a crank arm and links as described in the Specification above mentioned or whether
the same motions are imparted to the hook in other ways.
In order that our said Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
effect, we will proceed to describe the drawings hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a sewing machine, constructed in accordance with
our invention.
Figure 2 is a plan of the parts beneath the table of the machine.
Figure 3 is an elevation with the table removed.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the reel holder with the reel within it..

page_text: Figure is a front elevation of the reci nomer and reel.
Figure 6 is a plan of the reel holder showing the top plate or cover.
Figure 7 is a section on the line 7. 7 in Figure 4; but omitting the cover.
Figure 8 is a section on the line 8. 8. in Figure 4.
a is the axis on. which is the hand wheel, and also a pulley to receive a driving
band; it carries a disc a' and on the face of this a small roller or bowl a' is mounted
eccentrically, it serves to impart movement to the needle.
The axis a imparts motion to a lower axis b by means of a crank, on each and a
connecting rode which couples the cranks. The connecting rod is slotted and it.
rocks upon the fulcrum pin c. Upon the lower axis there is another crank arm
and upon this the hook or looper d is carried. dis an arm extending from the
looper d to the slotted guide e. The guide e is fixed to the frame, and a roller or
bowl upon the arm dis received in to the guide slot. The slot is so formed as to
control the looper in the manner desired and more accurately than can be accom-
plished by means of a link.
is the needle bar, and f¹ the needle which it carries is the upper reel
supplying thread to the needle in the usual manner.
Upon the needle bar the cam course ġ, is fixed and the roller or bowl a is received
into the cam groove, when the axis a revolves a vertical reciprocating movement is
thus imparted to the needle.
In consequence of the form given to the cam course g the movements imparted to
the needle are as follows:-the needle ceases to rise about at the time that the looper
commences to descend to the right (see Figure 3) of the support or container for
the reel holder; it remains stationary until the looper cominences to pass beneath the
support h and from this point and until the crank arm becomes upright or there-
about the needle rises again about one sixteenth of an inch. The needle then descends
to make the stitch as usual.
By these means, after the lower thread has been tightened, a final pull is given on
the needle thread to finish the stitch."
The reel holder contains the reel from which the lower cotton is drawn, and it is
carried by the support h so that the loop of the needle thread may be passed around
the reel holder by the loopor as described in the former specification No. 11009 in
the year 1887.
The reel holder of the improved construction which we now employ is shown in
Figures 4 to 8; it consists of a three sided frame iii on which are inclines at i¹¹ to
lead the needle thread loop so that it may pass without catching. On the base or
centre portion of this three sided frame there is a pin k on which the reel stands
m is a cover forming a fourth side to the frame, it is hinged to one end of the frame
at m and it has a hole in it at m' into which a pin on the other extremity of the
frame i catches. The elasticity of the frame i prevents the pin from coming out and
keeps the cover closed, but a slight pressure on the frame will cause the cover to be
released to admit of the reel being changed. m³ is a nose upon the cover to lead the
loop of the needle thread which is drawn around the reel holder by the looper. n is
a guide wire fixed to the frame i parallel to the reel and extending from end to end
of it. The thread as it is drawn from the reel passes around the guide wire n and
then beneath the guide loop or eye o which also is fixed to the frame i. From the
eye o the thread passes up as is seen in Figure 4 to a hole m' in the cover through
which it is threaded. Then to regulate the tension the thread is passed beneath the
spring blade p fixed to the cover m and so to the eye m³ on the cover from which it
goes off to the work. With this arrangement the thread unwinds from the bobbin
very regularly and with great uniformity of tension.
is the feed foot, the mechanism for actuating it is not shown it forms no part of
the invention and is the same as is described in the specification of the prior patent
already referred to.
ss are instruments which serve in a well known manner to guide and control the
loop of the needle thread, these instruments also are described in the specification of
the said prior patent and form no part of the present invention.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In a sewing machine in which the loop of the needle thread is carried by a hook
or looper around a reel on which the lower thread is wound controlling the looper by
means of a crank arm d' and a slotted guide e.
2. In a sewing machine in which the loop of the needle thread is carried by a hook
or looper around a reel on which the lower thread is wound, so actuating the needle
that having risen and drawn up the needle thread it pauses whilst the looper tightens
the lower thread and afterwards again rises thereby finally tightening the needle
thread and finishing the stitch.
3. In a sewing machine in which a loop of the needle thread is carried by a hook
or looper around a reel on which the lower thread is wound, providing the reel holder
with a cover m and with thread guides n o and with eyes m m³ on the top of the cover
and a tension regulating appliance p controlling the thread between these eyes.
4. A reel holder substantially as shown by the annexed drawings.
J. MOSS.
C. B. HUNT.