IMPROVEMENTS IN ACID SYPHON PUMPS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ACID SYPHON PUMPS." A communication from abroad by the Acid Pump
and Siphon Company, (Incorporated), of New London, in the County of New
London, State of Connecticut, United States of America.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melville Clark at'
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th July 1879.
.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ACID SYPHON PUMPS." [A communication
from abroad by the Acid Pump and Siphon Company (Incorporated), of New
London, in the County of New London, State of Connecticut, United States of
America.]
These improvements have reference to an acid pump such as is described in the
Specification of my former Letters Patent, No. 1205 of 1878, the several parts of
which are described as made of glass.
This Invention relates to an improved construction of the parts, by which
economy in the construction and repair is secured, and to an improved mode of
connecting or joining such parts and of supporting the pump; and also to the com-
bination with the apparatus of an enclosing metallic case or shell, by which the
several parts are protected against accident and breakage.
The several parts of the pump or apparatus are made of glass, as before mentioned.
In the apparatus shown and described in said Patent the upper portion of the
pump, or its eduction neck with its nozzle, which extended down into the glass
body of the pump, were made of a single piece of glass, or solid with each other;
these when so made had to be blown, thus involving considerable expense in their
first construction. According to the present improvements the several parts,
that is, the body of the pump, the eduction neck, and the nozzle or inner glass
bulb, with their additions, are made in separate parts or pieces, which permits all',
these glass parts of the pump to be pressed in moulds, thus rendering it'
possible to make them much cheaper, and at the same time stronger or of heavier

page_text: glass. The body of the pump is open at its top and bottom, and has in its lower
part a valve sent provided with a valve opening upward, and having a stem
passing down through the valve seat and furnished with a head to prevent the
valve-rising too high. A flange projects-outwardly at the top of the body and
furnishes means of connecting the parts together, and makes a seat-for-the-support
of the nozzle or inner part, which is placed within the body. Near the lower end
of the body is a similar flange, which forms a seat for a flange on the induction
_mouth-piece. The valve seat and the necessary openings therein are formed at the
same time the body is pressed. The nozzle is within and extends down into the.
body below the opening for a collapsible bulb, and terminates at its lower end or
bottom in a valve seat, which is provided with a valve opening upward-and-
prevented from rising too high by a headed stem, as in the other valve. The
nozzle has at its upper end a flange extending round it and projecting outwardly,
which rests upon the flange of the body by which it is supported. The eduction
neck has also upon and around it an outwardly projecting flange, which rests upon
the flange on the nozzle, and has also at its other end a similar flange, which
furnishes a seat for a flange on the eduction mouth piece.
The inner end of the eduction neck enters a little distance within the nozzle, such
part being smaller than and extending down into the nozzle sufficiently far to form
an air chamber or space between the nozzle and the end, thereby securing better
action to the pump and also preventing the acid coming in direct contact with the
joints and packing. The outer end of the neck is also smaller than and projects
downwards into the upper part of the eduction mouth piece in the same manner,
forming an air space between the two parts for the same purpose; and the same
construction is applied to the lower end of the body which enters the upper end of
the induction mouth-piece.
These several parts, the body, the nozzle, the neck, the induction mouth piece,
and the eduction mouth piece, are, as before mentioned, all made separately or in
separate parts, and are thus capable of being pressed in moulds, and can therefore
be more cheaply manufactured than when they are blown; and in case of breakage
of any part a new one can be readily substituted. The mode or manner of con-
necting the several parts of the pump together at their joints is substantially the
same, the description applies however more particularly to the joint or connection
between the body, nozzle, and eduction neck.
A groove or recess is formed in the upper, face of the flange on the top of the body,
extending entirely around such flange; and on the under surface of the flange on
the nozzle is a corresponding circular projecting tongue or bead, which enters the
groove when the parts are brought together. The groove is however larger and
deeper than the bead, so as to furnish space for the packing to be inserted between
them, which will form an acid tight joint when the parts are drawn together;
a similar circular groove is formed in the upper surface of the flange on the nozzle
and a corresponding-tongue or bead on the under surface of the flange on the
eduction neck, such groove and bead being constructed for packing as before. Any
packing may be used which will not be affected by acids, paraffine, wax, or asphalte,.
or two or more of those combined are suitable and effectual for such purpose; and
whether they retain a solid or hard condition or take a liquid form the grooves form
a cup to take and hold such packing, whether solid or liquid.
The body nozzled necks are held and secured together by means of a metal ring |
having on its lower edge an inwardly projecting flange, which passes under and
takes hold of the flange on the top of the body, and a screw ring which enters from
above has a flange or projection that extends over and takes hold of the flange on
the eduction neck. The ring as it is turned down by wrench brings all the parts
together as tightly as desired. To provide for the easy connection and disconnection
of the ring from the body part the flanges on the ring and on the body are partially
cut away at corresponding intervals, so that the flange on the ring can be pressed
through the open spaces of the flange of the body and then be turned until the
solid parts of the flange on the ring shall pass under the solid parts of the flange on

page_text: the body. A rubber ring placed between such flanges lessens liability of breakage,
as the parts are secured together. A rubber ring may also be placed on the flange
of the neck before the screw ring is forced down, and to prevent such ring gathering
or bunching under the screw-ring as it is turned a thin flat metal ring should be
placed over it. Flat rubber rings may also be placed between the several flanges.
Holes in the screw-ring admit the insertion or attachment of a wrench to screw or
unscrew the ring.
The joints between the lower end of the body and the induction mouth piece, and
between the outer end of the neck and the eduction mouth piece, are formed by
means of similar grooves and projecting tongues or beads with intermediate packing
in the same manner as before described; and the parts are held and secured
together by means of bands and screw-rings working as before described, except
that the screw-rings enter the bands from below, the wrench taking against
shoulders in the under side of such rings instead of, as in the former case, in holes
from above.
The bands are also formed with flanges which are partially cut away, which
flanges pass over and take against flanges on the body and neck, which are also
partially cut away in the same manner as before.
An elastic or collapsible bulb is made use of for producing a vaccuum in the body
and working the pump. The neck of such bulb instead of passing over a flanged
or headed tube or over a conical nipple passes within a hollow nipple, which allows
of ready and easy detachment when occasion may require.
The body, as before mentioned, is protected against accident and breakage by a
metallic case of sufficient thickness for all required resistance, and perforated so as
The case
to render it lighter and also permit the pump to be observed within it.
is made in two parts opening on a vertical line through the nipple, and each part
fitted with a collar covering one half of such nipple and rests upon the lower ring
of the body, so as not to press upon the glass underneath, and is connected together
by screws and nuts, so as to be easily removable; a similar case resting upon the
rings on the body, and so as not to press upon the glass covers and protects the
neck, and is connected to the case by a lug axtending down over the band on the
body and fastened by nuts and screws. From the band which connects the body
and induction mouth-piece of the pump projects an arm, to which is connected by
means of a lap joint and bolt the upper end of a trough, which receives and
supports the glass or other tube which connects with the eduction mouth piece ;
this trough may also be covered, so as to protect such tube. A post also connects
the arm by means of a socket formed therein with the lap end of the trough, and
enters a standard in which it can be adjusted at different heights by a screw, and
by which the whole apparatus is supported.
The post is beveled or made tapering on one side, so that the pump, should the
tightening screw become loosened, cannot drop far enough to injure or break it.
The standard is connected to its bottom plate by means of a nut detachable con-
nection, so that the parts can be separated from each other for convenience in
packing; the standard and the trough are made detachable from the body for the
same purpose.
The apparatus may be converted into a syphon by lengthening the eduction tube,
and the syphon action may at any time be interrupted by nearly withdrawing the
elastic bulb from the nipple in which its neck is inserted.

page_text: by the said Alexander Melville-Clark in the Great Seal Patent-Office on the
8th January 1880.
ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent "IMPROVEMENTS IN ACID SYPHON PUMPS." A communication from
abroad by the Acid Pump and Siphon Company (Incorporated), of New London,
in the County of New London, State of Connecticut, United States of America..
These improvements have reference to an acid pump, such as is described and
shown in the Specification of former Letters Patent granted to me, and dated
April 1st, 1873, No. 1205, the several parts of which are described as made of glass.
The present Invention relates to an improved construction of the parts, by which
, economy in the construction and repair is secured; and to an improved mode of
connecting or joining such parts and of supporting the pump; and also to the
- combination with the apparatus of an enclosing metallic case or shell, by which the
. several parts are protected against accident and breakage.
In the accompanying Drawings Figure 1 is a view of the complete pump in its
enclosing case and placed upon its supporting stand; Figure 2 is a vertical section
of the pump through the central part thereof, the several parts being separated
from each other so as to more clearly show their construction; Figure 3 is a cross
section of Figure 2 through x-x; Figure 4 is a cross section of Figure 2 through y-y;
Figure 5 is a cross section of Figure 2 through 2, 2; Figure 6 is a side view of the
_enclosing and protecting case detached from the pump. Similar letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts. The several parts of the pump or apparatus are made
of glass, as is described in the Patent before mentioned. In the apparatus shown
.and described in said Patent the upper portion of the pump or its eduction neck
with its nozzle, which extended down into the glass body of the pump, were made
of a single piece of glass, or solid with each other; these when so made had to be
'blown, thus involving considerable expense in their first construction. According
.to the present improvements the several parts, that is, the body of the pump, the
eduction neck, and the nozzle or inner glass bulb, with their additions, are made.in
separate parts or pieces, which permits all these glass parts of the pumps to be
spressed in moulds, thus rendering it possible to make them much cheaper, and at
the same time stronger or of heavier glass.
The body A of the pump is open at its top and bottom, and has in its lower part
a valve seat a provided with a valve a'.opening .upward, and having a stem b
passing down through the valve seat, and furnished with a head 61 to prevent the
valve rising too high. At the top of the body A is a flange 1, which projects out-
wardly and furnishes-means of connecting the parts together, and makes a seat for
the support of the nozzle or inner part B which-is-placed within the inner body.A.
Near the lower end of the part A is a similar flange 2, which forms a-seat-for-.a.
flange 3 on the induction mouth piece .D. The valve seat and the necessary
openings therein are formed at the same time the body is pressed. The nozzle or
part B is within, and extends down into the body A below.the opening for the
collapsible bulb J, and terminates at its lower end or bottom in a valve seat c,
which is provided with a valve c' opening upward, and prevented from rising too
high by a headed stem, as is the valve a.
The part B has at its upper end a flange 4 extending round it and projecting
outwardly, which rests upon the flange 1 of the body A, and by which it is sup-
ported. The eduction neck or part-C has also upon and around it an outwardly
projecting flange 5, which rests upon the flange 4 on the part B, and has also at its
other end a similar flange 6, which furnishes a seat for a flange 7 on the eduction
mouth piece E. The inner end of the neck C enters a little distance within the

page_text: nozzle B, such part being smaller than, and extending down into such part B suffi-
ciently far to form an air chamber or space between the part B and the end c,
thereby securing better action to the pump, and also preventing the acid coming in
direct contact with the joints and packing. The outer end of the neck C is also
smaller than, and projects downward into, the upper part of the mouth piece E, in
the same manner forming an air space between the two parts for the same purpose,
and the same construction is applied to the lower end of the body A, which enters
the upper end of the induction mouth piece D.
These several parts, the body A, the nozzle B, the neck C, the induction mouth
piece D, and the eduction mouth piece E are, as before mentioned, all made sepa-
rately or in separate pieces, and are thus capable of being pressed in moulds, and
can therefore be more cheaply manufactured than when they are blown, and in case
of breakage of any part a new one can be easily substituted. The mode or manner
of connecting the several parts of the pump together at their joints is substantially
the same; the descriprion applies however more particularly to the joint or con-
nection between the body A, nozzle B, and eduction neck C. In the upper face of
the flange 1 on the top of the body A is formed a groove or recess d extending
entirely around such flange, and on the under surface of the flange
on the nozzle B
is a corresponding circular projecting tongue or bead d², which enters, when the
parts are brought together, the groove d. The groove d is however larger and
deeper than the bead d', so as to furnish space for the packing to be inserted
between them, which will form an acid tight joint when the parts are drawn
together. A similar circular groove e is formed in the upper surface of the flange 4
on the nozzle B, and a corresponding tongue or bead e¹ on the under surface of the
flange 5 on the neck C, such groove e and bead e¹ being constructed for packing,
the same as the groove d and bead d'. Any packing may be used which will not
be affected by acids. Paraffine, wax, or asphalte, or two or more of those combined,
are suitable and effectual for such purpose, and whether they retain a solid or hard
condition or take a liquid form, the grooves form a cup to take and hold such
packing whether solid or liquid. The parts A, B, and C are held and secured
together by means of a metal ring F, which has on its lower edge an inwardly
projecting flange 8, which passes under and takes hold of the flange 1 on the top of
the body A, and in which enters from above a screw ring F', which has a flange or
projection that extends over and takes hold of the flange 5 on the neck C. Ring F
as it is turned down by wrench brings all the parts together as tightly as desired.
To provide for the easy connection and disconnection of the ring F from the part A,
the flanges 8 and 1 on the ring and on the body A are partially cut away, as shown
in Figure 3, at corresponding intervals, so that the flange 8 can be pressed through
the open spaces of the flange 1, and then be turned until the solid parts of the
flange 8 on the ring shall pass under the solid parts of the flange 1 on the body A.
A rubber ring placed between such flanges lessens liability of breakage as the parts
are secured together. A rubber ring .h may also be placed on the flange 5 before
the screw ring F' is forced.down, and to prevent such ring gathering or bunching
under the screw ring as it is turned a thin flat metal ring i should be placed over
it. Flat rubber rings may also be placed between the several flanges. Holes q, q,
in the, screw.ring FI admit .the insertion or attachment of a wrench to screw or
unscrew the ring F¹.
.
The joints between the lower end of the body A and the induction mouth piece
D, and between the outer end of the neck C, and the eduction mouth piece E are
formed by means of similar grooves f, g, and projecting tongues or beads f¹, g', with
intermediate packing in the same manner as before described, and the parts are
held and secured together by means of the bands G and H, and screw rings G' and
H' working as before, described, except that the screw rings rings G¹ and H¹ enter
the bands G and H from below, the wrench taking against shoulders 8, 81, in the
under side of such rings instead of, as in the ring F, in holes from above.
The bands G and H are also formed with flanges n, n', which are partially cut
away, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, which flanges pass over and take against the

page_text: flanges 2 and 6 which are also partially cut away in the same manner as do the flanges
on the band F connecting with the flange 1. An elastic or collapsible bulb J is made
-use of for producing a vacuum in the body A and working the pump. The neck of
such bulb instead of passing over-a-flanged or headed tube, or over a conical nipple,
passes-within a hollow nipple:J' which allows of ready and easy-attachment when
Foccasion may require.
A-metallic-case K of sufficient thickness for all required resistance, and perforated
so as to render it lighter and also permit the pump to be observed within it, surrounds
the body Arand-protects it against accident and breakage.
The case is made in two parts opening on-a-vertical line through the nipple J',
and each part fitted with a collar covering one half of such nipple and resting upon-
the lower ring G so as not to press upon the glass underneath, and is connected
together by screws and nuts K so as to be easily removable; a similar case L resting
upon the rings F and H, so as not to press upon the glass, covers and protects the
neck C and is connected to the case K by a lug extending down over the band F,
and fastened by nuts and screws . From the band G which connects the parts A
and D of the pump projects an arm m, Figures 1 and 6, to which is connected by
means of a lap joint and bolt the upper end of a trough N which receives and
supports the glass or other tube O which connects with the eduction mouth piece E;
this trough may also be covered so as to protect such tube. A post P also connects
the arm m by means of a socket formed as shown in Figure 5, in such arm m and
the lap end of the trough N, and enters a standard Q in which it can be adjusted
at different heights by a screw p, and by which the whole apparatus is supported.
The post P is beveled or made tapering on one side, as shown in Figure 1, so that
the pump, should the tightening screw p become loosened, cannot drop far enough
to injure or break it. The standard Q is connected to its bottom plate R by means
of a nut detachable connection so that the parts can be separated from each other
for convenience in packing; the standard P and the trough N are made detachable
from the body G for the same purpose The apparatus may be converted into a
syphon by lengthening the tube O, and the syphon action may at any time be
interrupted by merely withdrawing the elastic bulb from the nipple in which its
neck is inserted.
Having described the nature of the said Invention, and the manner of performing
the same, I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the herein-
before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
1st. The construction of the eduction neck C and its extension or nozzle B in
two pieces separate from each other, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
2nd. The construction of the neck C with a contracted funnel shaped extension
which enters into the nozzle or part B so that there shall be between such extension
and the part B an air space for the purposes set forth.
3rd. The construction and arrangement of the grooves d, e, f, and g on the under
surfaces of the flanges of the several parts, and of the corresponding tongues or
beads d, e, f, and g¹ on the under surfaces of the connecting flanges in combination
with suitable packing, for the purposes set forth.
4th. The use in an acid pump, constructed with grooves and tongues as described
for receiving and holding packing, of paraffine, wax, or asphalte, separately or
together, as a packing, substantially as described.
5th. In combination with the several parts of the pump constructed and arranged
to be connected together substantially as described, the use of the coupling bands
F, G, and H with the screw rings F', G¹, and H', substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
6th. The construction as described of the flanges on the bands F, G, and H, and
the flanges on the body and neck of the pump for obtaining a convenient and easy
method of connecting such bands and flanges for the purposes mentioned.
7th. In combination with the coupling bands and screw rings connecting and
operating substantially as described, the use of rubber rings and metallic washers,
as and for the purposes set forth.

page_text: 8th, In combination with the connecting flanges of the several parts constructed
with grooves and tongues as described the use of rubber or elastic rings, substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
9th. The arrangement on the coupling ring G of the projecting and recessed arm
m for connecting the trough N and post B, substantially as described.
10th. The construction of the post P having one side beveled or made in an incline,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
11th. In combination with the pump, constructed substantially as described, the
arrangement of the enclosing cases K and L either separately or together, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Seventh day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
A M CLARK
A. M. CLARK
(LS)