IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS, WHEREBY TO SEPARATE AND RETAIN SEDIMENT FROM THEIR CONTENTS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edgar Drewett, of Blackheath, in the County of
Kent, Photographer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES
AND OTHER VESSELS, WHEREBY TO SEPARATE AND RETAIN SEDIMENT FROM
THEIR CONTENTS."
Sealed the 10th October 1862, and dated the 12th April 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edgar Drewett at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
April 1862.
I, EDGAR DREWETT, of Blackheath, in the County of Kent, Photographer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS, WHEREBY TO SEPARATE AND RETAIN SEDIMENT FROM
THEIR CONTENTS," to be as follows:-
According to my improvements in bottles for filtering or separating sedi-
ment from their contents, I make the bottles with a double bottom, or with a
false bottom to apply and fit closely on the bottom of the bottle to form a
chamber below it; it should fit air-tight. I make the inner bottom of the
bottle inclined, instead of horizontal as usual, when the bottle stands upright,
and at the lowest point (at the side of the bottle) I make an opening into

page_text: the chamber below; instead of being a simple opening, the communication
may be made with a short bent pipe passing outside of the bottle. In a
bottle so constructed, sediment allowed to settle in the contents of the bottle
will pass through the opening into the lower chamber and there deposit.
When sediment is so deposited, by holding the bottle in a particular position
or. positions the contents of the bottle may be decanted, and the whole of
the sediment retained in the lower chamber. Baths used for photographic
purposes I construct in a similar manner, that is to say, with a double bottom
either formed of a piece with the bath, or a loose bottom fitted thereto, the
inner bottom being inclined, and with a communication at the lowest point
(at one side of the bath) for the separation of the sediment from the contents
of the bath, as before explained with reference to the bottle.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edgar Drewett in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th
October 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDGAR
DREWETT, of Blackheath, in the County of Kent, Photographer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Edgar Drewett, Her special licence that I, the said Edgar Drewett,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edgar
Drewett, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES AND
OTHER VESSELS, WHEREBY TO SEPARATE AND RETAIN SEDIMENT FROM THEIR
CONTENTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edgar
Drewett, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal

page_text: Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edgar Drewett, do hereby declaro
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
According to my improvements in bottles for filtering or separating sedi-
ment from their contents, I make the bottles with a double bottom, or with
a false botton to apply and fit closely in the bottom of the bottle to form a
chamber below it; it should fit air-tight. I make the inner bottom of the
bottle inclined, instead of horizontal as usual, when the bottle stands upright,
and at the lowest point (at the side of the bottle), I make an opening into
the chamber below; instead of being a simple opening, the communication
may be made with a short bent pipe passing outside of the bottle. In a bottlo
so constructed, sediment allowed to settle in the contents of the bottle will
pass through the opening into the lower chamber and there deposit. When
sediment is so deposited, by holding the bottle in a particular position or posi-
tions the contents of the bottle may be decanted, and the whole of the
sediment retained in the lower chamber. Baths used for photographic
purposes I construct in a similar manner, that is to say, with a double bottom,
either formed of a piece with the bath, or a loose bottom fitted therėto, the
inner bottom being inclined, and in communication at the lowest point (at one
side of the bath) for the separation of the sediment from the contents of the
bottle, as before explained with reference to the bottles.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 of the annexed Drawings represents an elevation, partly in section,
of a bottle furnished with an inclined inner or double bottom according to my
Invention, and Fig. 2 a horizontal section of the same, showing the orifice
or slit in the inclined bottom for the escape of the sediment into the lower
compartment of the bottle.
a is the bottle, which may be of any suitable form according to the pur-
pose for which it is intended; and b, the inner or double bottom, which is
inclined, instead of horizontal as usual, so as to facilitate the separation of the
sediment from the liquid, which gravitates towards and escapes by the slit or
orifice c into the chamber e. For this purpose the orifice is made at the
lowest point of the inclined bottom, through which the sediment passes, and

page_text: deposits in chamber e, the bottle at the time being in a vertical position, in
such manner as to keep the orifice in the inclined bottom at the upper side,
when the sediment in chamber e at once falls to the opposite side of the
bottle, and is thus prevented from again mixing with the liquid in the bottle;
the sediment remaining in the bottom of the vessel is afterwards removed by
washing and holding the bottle in such position that it will run out at c.
Instead of making an orifice in the inclined bottom, I may connect the upper
and lower chambers d, e, of the bottle, as at Fig. 3, by means of a bent tube f
passing outside, the one end opening into the upper, and other end into the
lower chamber.
Fig. 4 represents an elevation, partly in section, and Figs. 5 and 6 separate
views of another arrangement of bottle according to my improvements. In
this arrangement the bottle a fits into a lower vessel or false bottom g for
receiving the sediment; the bottle a is furnished in a similar manner as before,
with an inclined bottom b, and orifice c, for the escape of the sediment, the
liquid being decanted as explained; the sediment which remains in the lower
vessel g may be removed with greater facility than in the foregoing arrange-
ment by simply removing the lower chamber, which I prefer to grind and fit
closely to the bottom of the bottle.
Fig. 7 represents a longitudinal section of my improvements applied to a
bath for holding photographic plates, arranged according to the first part of
my Invention; Fig. 8 represents a longitudinal section, and Fig. 9 a trans-
verse section, showing the bath fitting into a lower trough of gutta percha or
other material, from which it may be removed at will. h is the bath, and i
the inclined bottom, furnished with an orifice k for the escape of the sediment,
as before explained, into the lower chamber of the bath, to be afterwards
removed therefrom at pleasure. In Figs. 8 and 9, I fit the inclined bottom
of the bath into a shallow trough m, which receives the sediment, as before
explained. Instead of separating the bottom of the bath it may be made
with a double bottom, and connected by an external pipe or channel, as
in Fig. 3.
My Invention may also be applied to all kinds of bottles, jars, filters, and
vessels for containing liquids or fluids for the purpose of decanting, or for
separating sediment from their contents, as herein described.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to be protected
by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the application of
inclined inner bottoms to bottles and other vessels having orifices at the lowest

page_text: point for the escape and separation of sediment or matter deposited from their
contents, in manner and as herein before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edgar Drewett, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Eleventh day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred & sixty-two.
Witness,
WILLIAM CLARK,
Patent Agent,
53, Chancery Lane,
London.
EDGAR DREWETT. (L.S.)