IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING SLATE, STONE, AND MARBLE FOR CISTERNS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1838

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
REED, of Bishop Stortford, in the County of Herts, Mason, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twelfth day of June, in the first year of Her reign, did, for Her-
self, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said James Reed,
Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said
James Reed, my exors, adiñors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
James Reed, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and
no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN JOINING SLATE, STONE, AND MARBLE FOR CISTERNS AND OTHER
PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said
James Reed, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in
Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next.

page_text: and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
James Reed, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, are fully declared and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to
say:
My Invention relates to various modes of joining slates, stones, and marble
by means of solder, aided by pins, crampt plates, or other metallic surfaces, as
will be hereafter described. I would, in the first place remark, that various
means are at present resorted to for joining surfaces of slate, stone, and marble
together, such as cement, iron bolts, or rods, with screws and screw nuts, and
I believe that some attempts have been made to join slates, as well as atone or
marble, by means of lead, but I believe with little success, owing to the
shrinkage of that metal in cooling. The objects to be obtained by my Inven-
tion are the joining of extended flat surface to flat surface, and of joining edge
to edge of sheets of slate, or of thin stone, or of marble, and further of joining
the edge of one sheet to the surface of another. Figure 1 represents. two.
surfaces of slate joined edge to edge by two modes, differing slightly from each
other, by the aid of solder and metallic surfaces; Figures 2 and 3 show sec-
tions of Figure 1, the joint at Figure 2 being formed by means of a pin d, of
any suitable metal, which is put into holes drilled in the edge of each plate a, b ;
and c, c, are holes drilled in the surface of the plates of slate; e is a strip of
copper or other suitable metal turned up at its edges, which turned up edges
enter grooves or saw cuts formed in the slate; the edges of the slate are rubbed
as evenly as possible, in order that the two surfaces thereof may come together
as closely as possible, and red lead or other cement may be rubbed over such
surfaces. The pins d are first placed into the holes formed in the edges of the
plate b, the slate a is then forced down on the pins, and solder is to be applied.
by the soldering iron or otherwise, which, adhering to the pin d, will combine
the surfaces or edges of the slates a, b, securely together; and if desired
to make a very secure joint, the strip of metal e may be employed and affixed to
the slates a, b, by the pins 'd, d. by the aid of solder, as is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 4 shows another mode of joining two pieces of slate edgeways; the
modes here employed consist in having the edges of the slate covered with.
metal, as will readily be traced in the sections, Figures 5 and 6, and the whole

page_text: combined together by pins d, and solder, as is shown. Figures 7, 8, and 9
show other modes of joining the edges of two slates a, b, together, and consist
in the use of pins d, plates of metal e; and solder, as will readily be understood
by examining those Figures. Figures 10 and 11 show various modes of join-
ing the edges of slate together, consisting of lap joints, butt joints, covered joints,
and groove and tongue joints; No. 1 being a butt joint, with horizontal pin d,
and solder, as shown; No. 2, a butt and covered joint, with vertical pins d,
and solder, as shown; No. 3 is a groove and tongue joint, with pins d, and
solder; No 4 is a lap joint, with horizontal pin d, and solder; No. 5 is a lap
joint, with vertical pin and solder; No. 6 is a butt joint, with horizontal pin
and solder; No. 7 is a horizontal pin, showing that the solder may run com-
pletely through the slate; No. 8 is a clamp pin joint, with solder; Figures
12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 represent means of obtaining joints of slate edge
to surface by means of pins, clamps, and other metallic surfaces with solder,
the nature of which will readily be understood on examining the Drawing.
Figures 18 and 19 show a mode of obtaining a joining of two flat surfaces of
slate, stone, or marble, combined together by means of pins and solder, this
mode may be very advantageously used for obtaining extended sheets or sur
faces of valuable marble, which being cut in thin sheets, which being fixed to
the surface of slate, will in external elegance be the same as if the whole sub-
stance were of valuable marble.
Having thus explained the nature of my Invention, I would remark, that
I prefer that the pins d, or other metallic surfaces, should be first tinned before
using, and the solder I generally employ is tin solder, but I do not confine my-
self thereto, so long as the solder is suitable for the metal surfaces employed in
conjunction therewith, and will not prejudicially shrink in eooling; and further,
although I prefer copper for the metal surfaces employed, yet iron or other
metals may be used for the same purposes; and I do not confine myself to the
same precise modes here shewn, provided solder and metallic surfaces be
employed for joining slate, as herein described, or of joining marble or costly
stone to slate, as herein described; I also claim the joining of marble, slate, &
stone by the applicable of molten tin, in the manner before described, without
the introduction of wire, or other substance.
In witness, whereof, I, the said James Reed, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eleventh day of December, One thousand eight hundred.
and thirty-eight

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Eleventh day of December, in
the year of our Lord 1838, the aforesaid James Reed came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above written.
And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the
Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twelfth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
Inrolled the Twelfth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight.