Improved Centrifugal Apparatus to be used for Atomizing or Spraying Liquids, and for other purposes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 9th Jan., 1895-Accepted, 23rd Feb., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Centrifugal Apparatus to be used for Atomizing or Spraying
Liquids, and for other purposes.
We GEORGE JOHN MOULTON and JAMES ARMITAGE Fox, both of Soho
Works Macclesfield, in the County of Chester, Manufacturing Chemists and Soap
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The principal object of this invention is to construct an apparatus which will
reduce a liquid to a state of an almost inperceptible vapor by mechanical means,
such atomizing being requisite for various purposes as hereafter set forth.
According to our invention we employ two discs fixed or formed upon the ends
of two shafts which are mounted in suitable bearings in an exact line with each
other. A series of two or more concentric rims are fixed to these plates and
connect the same together. These rings may be of plain or corrugated vandyked
or internally serrated metal or other suitable material and are made with a number
of fine perforations or passages either formed radially or at similar or various
angles, or they may be made of woven wire gauze; or one or more of the said
rings may be formed of or provided with a series of small frames containing a
suitable porous material secured therein by the fixing of the two discs, or
otherwise.
One of the shafts is driven rapidly, and the liquid flows (or it is forced) through
one of the shafts, which is tubular or hollow, into the space formed by the discs
and the connecting ring of smallest diameter. The rapid revolution of the
apparatus causes the liquid to be driven by centrifugal force through the
perforations in the smallest ring in a finely divided 'state against the next ring and
so on until it issues from the last ring, if three or more are used, in a state of an
almost imperceptible spray.
The apparatus is euclosed by a suitable casing, if necessary which may if
required be jacketted by a space for cold or hot water, steam, air or other
suitable refrigerating or heating medium.
Sometimes instead of connecting the discs by the rings so that the whole
revolves together, we connect alternate rings to opposite discs only, and we drive
the two discs in different directions, and thus the atomizing is more effectively and
completely accomplished.
This centrifugal apparatus is applicable to a great variety of purposes wherein
it is desirable to reduce a liquid to a state of infinitesimal division so as to form an
almost imperceptible spray or vapor by mechanical means, for example when it is
desired to chemically combine two liquids which could not readily (or perhaps
safely) be combined in the bulk they might be atomised or reduced by this
apparatus to a state of spray or vapor in which form they will readily and safely
combine.
Or, again for bleaching purifying or filtering oils or other liquids one or more of
the outer spaces between the concentric perforated or reticulated rings may be filled
with some porous or absorbent material charged or impregnated with the bleaching
or purifying agent or medium and the oil or other liquid being introduced at the
centre will be atonized or sprayed and forced in that finely divided state through
the bleaching purifying or filtering medium which will act much more efficiently
thereon when in such finely divided or vaporized state.

page_text: It may also be used for concentrating or evaporating liquids, for which purpose
the outer casing should be kept heated by steam or otherwise, and for an infinite
variety of other purposes where the atomization or spraying of liquids is desirable.
Dated this 12th day of April 1894.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.
Improved Centrifugal Apparatts to be used for Atomizing or Spraying
Liquids, and for other purposes.
We GEORGE JOHN MOULTON, and JAMES ARMITAGE Fox, both of Soho
Works Macclesfield, in the County of Chester, Manufacturing Chemists and Soap
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The principal object of this invention is to construct an apparatus which will
reduce a liquid to a state of an almost imperceptible vapor by mechanical means,
such atomizing being requisite for various purposes as hereafter set forth.
Our invention will be readily understood from the following description on
reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings of which
Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively longitudinal and transverse sectional elevations of
a machine for atomizing liquids constructed according to our invention.
Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are detached views illustrating modifications hereafter
described.
According to our invention we employ two discs a a' fixed or formed upon the
ends of two shafts 6b which are mounted in suitable bearings in an exact line with
each other. A series of two or more concentric rings c are fixed to these plates a a¹
and connect the same together. (See Fig. 1.) These rings c may be of plain metal
as seen at Fig. 2 or of corrugated metal (see Fig. 3) or vandyked or internally
serrated metal as seen at cl and c+ respectively on Fig. 4, and are made with a
number of fine perforations or passages (say about 16 inch in diameter) either formed
radially or at similar or various angles, or the said rings may be made of woven wire
gauze; or one or more of the said rings may be formed of or provided with a
series of small frames Fig. 5 containing a suitable porous material secured
therein by the fixing together of the two discs.
One of the shafts say the shaft is driven rapidly by the pulley d (or otherwise)
and the liquid flows (or it is forced) through one of the shafts say the shaft 61
which is tubular or hollow, as shewn, into the space formed by the discs and
the connecting ring of smallest diameter. The rapid revolution of the apparatus
causes the liquid to be driven by centrifugal force through the perforations in the
smallest ring in a finely divided state against the next ring and so on until it issues
from the last ring, if three or more are used, in a state of an almost imperceptible
spray.
.
The apparatus is enclosed by a suitable casing e which may if required be
jacketted by a space f for cold or hot water or steam, or other heating, cooling, or
refrigerating agent.
This space may be in two compartments as shown connected by the pipe f' and
having an inlet at f' and exit at f³.
The atomised liquid or spray collects on the inside of the casing e whence it flows
through a suitable exit e'.
Sometimes instead of connecting the discs a a' together by the rings e so that the
whole revolves together, we connect alternate rings to opposite discs only, as seen at

page_text: Fig. 6 and we drive the two discs a and a¹ in different directions as indicated by the
arrows, and thus the atomizing is more effectively and completely accomplished.
This centrifugal apparatus is applicable to a great variety of purposes wherein
it is desirable to reduce a liquid to a state of infinitesimal division so as to form an
almost imperceptible spray or vapor by mechanical means; for example, when it is
desired to chemically combine two liquids which could not readily (or perhaps safely)
be combined in the bulk, they might be atomised or reduced by this apparatus to a
state of spray or vapor in which form they will readily and safely combine.
Or, again, for bleaching purifying or filtering oils or other liquids one or more
of the outer spaces between the concentric perforated or reticulated rings may be
filled with some porous or absorbent material charged or impregnated with the
bleaching or purifying agent or medium and the oil or other liquid being
introduced at the centre will be atomized or sprayed and forced in that finely
divided state through the bleaching purifying or filtering medium which will act
much more efficiently thereon when in such finely divided or vaporized state.
It may also be used for concentrating or evaporating liquids, for which purpose
the outer casing should be kept. heated by steam or otherwise; and for an infinite
variety of other purposes where the atomization or spraying of liquids is desirable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
Improved centrifugal apparatus to be used for atomizing and spraying liquids
and for other purposes constructed substantially as herein before described and
illustrated.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants.