Improvements in Burners with Vaporizer for Liquid Fuel.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Nov., 1898-Accepted, 21st Jan., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Burners with Vaporizer for Liquid Fuel.
I, OSCAR BRÜNLER, of Eilenburg, Province of Saxony, Germany, Civil Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The present invention has reference to improvements in burners for liquid fuel
and relates more especially to that class of burners, in which the liquid fuel is
sprayed upon heated surfaces, where it is vaporized and ignited. A great draw-
back, connected with the employment of this kind of burners is that the vaporizing
surface or surfaces are heated to a very high degree, in consequence of which they
very soon suffer and become useless by being melted or cracked. The cracking is
brought about by the comparatively cool spray of the fuel striking the heated
surface, especially when the latter consists of apyrous mineral bodies.
The object of this invention is to do away with this disadvantage and to construct
a burner in which the highest temperature is attained at a point far enough above
the vaporizer as to insure the keeping of the latter.
According to my invention I arrange two air introduction pipes upon the burner,
one near the outlet nozzle of the fuel feed pipe and the other one above the
vaporizing surface and regulate the amount of air passing through the former, so
that it just suffices for causing an imperfect combustion, upon the air and the spray
of fuel striking the vaporizer. The slow burning gases are now conducted into the
burner-head proper, into which an amount of air is introduced, necessary to now
bring about the perfect combustion. The highest temperature therefore is attained
at the mouth of the burner, above the vaporizing chamber and the latter will in no
way be injured. In order to make my invention more readily understood, I have
illustrated it on the accompanying sheet of drawings, the two figures of which show
two modifications of burners, embodying the spirit of my invention. Like letters
of reference indicate like parts.
Referring to Fig. 1, a is the fuel feed pipe, can air introduction pipe. bis the
vaporizer, held by suitable stays within the hollow body A of the burner. Above
the vaporizer b a funnel shaped burner-head B is arranged, having near its upper
edge a number of apertures e. An annular chamber C is formed by the wall of the
body A around the burner-head, into which opens the air introduction pipe d. Into
the spray of fuel, issuing from the nozzle of the fuel feed pipe a, a comparatively
small amount of air is introduced through pipe c. The mixture of air and fuel,
upon coming in contact with the under surface of the vaporizer b, is vaporized and
incompletely ignited. The burning gases pass upward by the stays k, bend and
pass through the funnel shaped burner-head B, where they are mixed with a fresh
supply of air, introduced through the pipe d, chamber C and apertures e. This
supply of air is so regulated as to cause the complete combustion of the gases. The
highest temperature is attained at the mouth of the burner.
Referring to the modification shown in Fig. 2, which shows a burner in connection
with a crucible or smelting-pot, a is the fuel supply pipe, which is surrounded by a
conical mantle m, having elongated slots h. Upon this mantle the hollow vaporizer b

page_text: is arranged the dished cover plate of which is provided with a number of slotsn. In
this form of burner only one air introduction pipe is made use of. The fuel sprayed
upward into the hollow vaporizer is mixed with part of the air, entering through
pipe c and passing through slots h into the mantle m. Within the vaporizer the
mixture is vaporized and incompletely ignited. The burning gases, passing
upwardly through the slots n in the cover plate of the vaporizer, now receive the
additional amount of air, necessary for the perfect combustion, the air having taken
its course around the vaporizer and through the annular passage i, provided between
the vaporizer and the outer mantle o. The flame is projected out of the orifice f
underneath the crucible g.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
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1. In burners for liquid fuel with vaporizer against which the fuel is sprayed the
hereindescribed means for regulating the supply of air, so that just enough air to
set up imperfect combustion is led to the vaporizer whilst the rest of the air,
necessary for perfect combustion is introduced into the slow burning gases within
the burner-head at or near the point, whore the highest temperature is to be
attained, substantially as set forth.
2. In a burner for liquid fuel the combination of the fuel feed pipe a, the air
introduction pipe c, the vaporizer b held within the hollow body A of the burner by
means of stays k, the funnel shaped burner-head B arranged above the said
vaporizer and being provided with apertures e, the annular space C, surrounding
the said burner head B and the air introduction pipe d, leading into the said annular
space C, all for the purpose set forth.
3. In a burner for liquid fuel the combination of the fuel feed pipe a, the cone-
shaped mantle m carrying the hollow vaporizer b, and being provided with
elongated slots h, slots n in the dished cover plate of the said vaporizer, the air
introduction pipe c, the annular passage i, provided by the mantle o surrounding
the vaporizer and the orifice f for the projected flame, the parts being constructed
arranged and working substantially as set forth.
Dated this 20th day of Octahan 1208