Improved Tools or Appliances to be Used in Machines for Manu- facturing Metal Wheels and the Method of Employing same in such Machines.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Mar., 1837.
Complete Left, 9th May, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 10th June, 1887.
Improved Tools or Appliances to be Used in Machines for Manu-
facturing Metal Wheels and the Method of Employing same in
such Machines.
We EDWARD WILLIAM WARRINER of 62 Westgate Rotherham in the County of
York General Smith, and ALFRED HENRY MARRIOTT of 44 Church Street Attercliffe
in the same County Wheel Smith do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
The Invention relates to and consists in the construction application and employ-
ment of improved and more efficient tools designed to he used in machines for making
metal wheels, also an improved method of employing or working same in manu-
facturing such wheels the main objects sought to be attained being,-reduction in
the cost of manufacture and ensuring an easier and simpler mode of manufacturing
the wheels or segments thereof.
These improved tools, which are made of sufficiently strong metal such as steel or
wrought iron and of a suitable design or form, are connected to and operated by
convenient gearing arranged in the machine, and they so move as to simultaneously
bend and expand the spoke or a segment of the wheel, for example-that of a
so-called "broad back" metal wheel.
Two tools are provided (or four or more may be provided) consisting of a top tool
and what may be termed a duplicated bottom tool, or a bottom tool split or made in
halves, and they are seated or fitted to work in suitable bearings in the machine.
The bottom tool is composed of two square slabs in the centre of which protrudes
a triangular block which is radiused to any desired section; each side of this block
is enveloped with a border which reaches from the top to the bottom of the slabs, and
with its inner edges forms a recess at the top of the blocks, while the outer edges
which are shouldered down form the inner edge of a grove or groove the formation of
the grove being completed by the adjustment thereto of a wing or guide plate which
is bolted to the slab. The groves are provided for the guidance of the rollers used in
bending the spoke of the wheel.

page_text: The top tool is made of a solid mass so shaped as to fit and work within the upper
flanges of the duplicated bottom tool, or the two halves of it. It is radiused at the
bottom and on the radiused part two shoulders are formed, but for some sections of
wheels the shoulders are not required; the ends of this top tool are deflected and act
as a cramp when in use while both sides are made with or carry an offset piece which
fits in the recesses of the bottom tool or the halves thereof. On the upper or top side
of this tool a dovetail is made by which the tool can be keyed into the machine it is
to be worked in. On a line with and below the dovetail on each side of the tool is an
additional offset piece or ledge provided to give a better bearing to the tool.
The gearing provided in connection with and to actuate the tools is as follows:
The two halves of the bottom or duplicated tool are placed and suitably secured on
separate seats in the apparatus, one being stationary and the other made movable by
the action of a rocking or sliding chair in which it is seated, the chair being actuated
by suitable slides and drawbars similar to those described in the Specification of
the Letters Patent granted to the present Applicants on the 22nd day of July 1885
No 8826 for "Improvements in apparatus to be used in the manufacture of metal
wheels." The rocking chair or seat of the movable tool is hinged on a round bar
laying in a grove cut in the foot or offset piece at the lower end of the stationary tool
and both seats of the tools are pierced with holes for the admission of the two draw
bars which run through the fast bearer and are connected to the back of the chair for
the working of the same, and at the other end are connected to a cross bar or spindle
working in connection with four slides which alternately force the spindle and draw
bars backwards and forwards whereby a to-and-fro motion is given to the rocking
chair or seat of the movable tool; the spindle also works a lever connected with the
slides by means of a cross bar which is slotted into the lower ends of the front
slides.
The front end of the lever has a slot hole in it in which a crosshead works loosely
and is bolted at each end to the rods that actuate the two rollers which work in the
groves of the bottom tool for bending the spoke of the wheel. This lever works in a
gap or space made in the seat of the stationary tool, the gap being centrally situated
between the drawbars that work the rocking chair. The chair and front half of the
bottom tool when drawn up in its place are detained or secured for the time by two
catch or gib-ended levers secured at the upper part of each front slide and working
with sufficient play therewith.
At the back of the stationary too! the gearing or appliance used for holding the
spoke in its place is fixed and worked by a lever or long spanner fitted on the outside
of the apparatus or machine.
The method of manufacture adopted in carrying out this invention is, that the spoke
or segment of the wheel after being taken from the furnace or fire in which it is
heated is placed in the machine and is held in position in the tools by the gearing
until the action of the machine effects the operation on all the combined paris and the
rollers and top tool are brought to bear upon the spoke, whereby the simultaneous
process of bending and expanding the spoke with the one set of tools and with the
same heat is completely attained.
These improved tools are adapted for use in most of the larger machines at present
in use for making metal wheels.

page_text: We EDWARD WILLIAM WARRINER of 62 Westgate Rotherham in the County of
York General Smith and ALFRED HENRY MARRIOTT of 44 Church Street Attercliffe
in the same County Wheel Smith do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following. statement in writing, and on reference to the
accompanying sheet of drawings
This Invention relates to and consists in the construction application and employ-
ment of certain improved and more efficient tools to be used in or connected with
machines for making metal wheels, it also comprises the method of employing or
working such tools in manufacturing the wheels, the main objects attained by this
invention being,-reduction in the cost of manufacture, and ensuring an easier and
simpler mode of manufacturing the wheels or segments thereof.
Our improved tools are made of sufficiently strong metal, such as,-steel or
wrought or cast iron, and of a suitable design or form; they are connected to and
operated by convenient gearing arranged in the machine, and they so move as to
simultaneously bend and expand the spoke or segment of the wheel, such for example
as that of a so-called "broad back" metal wheel.
In order that our said invention and its practical carrying out may be fully under-
stood it is illustrated on the accompanying sheet of drawings; on which Figure 1, is
a front view of the tools and our arrangement thereof, and Figure 2, is a side
elevation of the same. The same letters of reference indicate like parts in both the
Figures.
-
The improved set of tools consists, by preference, of two tools, one of which is the
top tool A, and the other or bottom tool B, is what may be termed a duplicated tool,
that is, it is constructed or split in two halves, one half of which-for distinctness
we will call the front bottom tool J, and the other half the back bottom tool B.
The top tool A, is radiused on its bottom side according to the section of the spoke
of the wheel being operated upon; on the radiused portion two shoulders are formed
for the purpose of leaving extra thickness in that part of the spoke which has been
expanded; but in a section of a wheel where the extra thickness is not required the
radiused portion will carry or have an even and level surface on each (the right and
left) side of the top tool A.

page_text: There is an offset C, shown in Figure 2, which fits in recesses made in the front and
back bottom tools, above this offset and in a line with the lower part of the dovetail a,
shown at the top of the tool A, there is a larger offset or ledge b, for the better bearing
of the tool. The depending points shown at D, Figure 1, are so made and arranged
as to cramp the spoke c, (See Figure 1.) or the segment of the wheel when bent, and
prevent it from expanding lengthwise whilst it is being expanded in width. The
front and back bottom tools J, and B, are made precisely alike and form what we have
termed the duplicated bottom tool, and with the exception that the front hottom too!
being portable or movable in its function, both are the same in purpose and design,
therefore a description of one will suffice for the two.
The back bottom tool B, shown in both Figures, which is stationary on its
seating E, in the machine, is made of a flat square slab forming the groundwork or
base of the tool from the centre d, (shown dotted in Figure 1,) of this slab projects
a triangular block B, B, shown in both Figures, which is enveloped on both its right
and left sides by a border e, which runs from the top to the bottom of the square slab
and forms a recess at the top of the block on the face or front of the slab; each
border is shouldered down on its outer edge in order to allow clearance way to the
bars that carry the rollers used in bending the spoke of the wheel, also partly forming
a grove or groove in which the spindle ends of the rollers work and are guided when
in motion, the formation of the groves is completed by the adjustment thereto of two
wings or guide plates (shown in Figure 1,) by means of screws, through long holes ;
the backs of the tools are made and fitted so as to suit the apparatus or wheel making
machine in which they are used.
E, is the seat of the last named stationary bottom tool, shown in both Figures.
Figure 2, represents it with an extended foot in which there is a round bar F, fitted
in a grove or recess (See Figure 2,) which bar acts as a hinge to the rocking or sliding
chair G, shown in Figure 2, but not seen in Figure 1. The seat or bearer E, is
pierced with two holes H, (See Figure 1,) which are provided for the admission of two
drawbars K, employed for working the chair G. In the centre of the seat E, there
is a gap el, in which the lever I, works for the bending of the spoke, on each side of
the gap there is a dovetailed grove in which work two holis y, with countersunk
heads connecting the rollers and roller bars to the crosshead in the slotted end of the
lever . The rocking or sliding chair G, is the seat of the portable or movable front
bottom tool J, as shown in Figure 2, the chair is employed to alternately close up the
tool J, with the tool B, forming when together a complete (or duplicated) bottom.
tool and then opening and throwing back the tool J, so that the spoke or segment of
the wheel may be removed after it has been operated upon.
The chair G, like the seat or bearer E, is pierced through for the two drawbars K,
to pass through, which drawbars are connected at their front ends to the back of the
chair for the working thereof, while the back ends of the bars are eyed and arranged
or fitted on a round bar or spindle which works in connection with the slides. One of
the drawbars is seen best in Figure 2, being marked K, near its centre. The
chair G, is also cut away in front for clearance way to the lever I, and the crosshead
and bolts of the apparatus.
*
L, and L, L, Figure 2, show respectively one of the pair of slides with wedge or
semi V-shaped edges, similar to those employed by us and described in the Specifica-
tion of Letters Patent granted to us on the 22nd of July 1885 No. 8826 for
Improvements in apparatus to be used in the manufacture of metal wheels," which
slides are employed for repelling and propelling the two spindles M, (See both
Figures) the lower spindle being used for working both the chair G, and the lever I,
to which lever the rollers N, are connected, the slides being arranged to work in
groves or recesses in the apparatus, as described in the Specification of the Patent
already referred to.
At the upper part of each large slide L, a catch O, (Figure 2,) is attached by means
of a bar reaching across from one slide to the other, these catches are employed to
hook over at the back of the tool J, and prevent them from separating whilst under

page_text: pressure.
At the other or lower end of the slides is another bar P, with an
upstanding eye in the centre of it, this bar being arranged in a like manner to that
above described and it has the lever I, connected to it.
The appliances shown in the back ground of Figure 2, which are hinged in and
supported by two eye bolts secured in the back of the tool B, are the gearing or
means by which the spoke or segment of the wheel is held in its position in the tools
until the rollers have bent. it beyond the first corners of the block B, B. The whole
of the gearing is worked by a lever or a long spanner Q.
All the tools and appliances made according to our invention are equally suitable
and can be used for working in a similar machine to that patented by us
No 8826/85 before referred to, they can also be arranged to work in or be connected
with other kinds of the larger wheel making machines or apparatus.
:-
The action and the putting in operation of our improved tools, and the appliances
working in connection therewith, are as follows:- When power is applied in the
usual way by opening the valve or valves of the ordinary hydraulic cylinder of the
wheel making machine the ram which works therein descends and carries with it.
the top tool A, the large slides L, and the two catches 0; in their descent the
slides L, bear with their wedge-shaped edges against the lower spindle M, and force
it back in the long holes in the framework of the machine and while the lower
spindle is thus in motion it bears on the lower tapered off ends of the small
slides L, L, and raises them to bear on to the upper spindle M, forcing it forward in
the upper holes towards the upper tapered off parts of the slides L, where they
remain for the re-action of the machine. At the same time that the spindle M, is
making this backward motion it draws with it the two draw-bars K, which as before
mentioned are arranged and fitted on the spindle at one end and at their other ends
are connected to the rocking chair G, and through the combined action thereof
the chair closes in and brings the tool J, in contact with the tool B, which-when
they are together, forms a complete (duplicated) bottom tool. In the descent of
the slides L, they also bear down the cross bar P, to which the lever I, is coupled,
by which lever the wheel bending appliances, such as the rollers the roller bars and
the crosshead, which are connected in or to the front end of the lever, are brought
to bear upon the spoke, and in their downward course which is guided by the
groves or grooves in the bottom tools, the spoke of the wheel is closed to the
triangular block B, B. Just previous to the completion of the bending operation
the catches O, are brought down sufficiently low to allow their jib ends to fall over
the back of the front tool J, and detain it in its position, and keep it from separating
whilst under pressure. The catches O, are supported in their positions at their jib
ends by short couplings attached to studs in the head of the ram of the hydraulic
cylinder (but not shown on the drawing) by which means they are lifted off the
tool J, in the reaction of the machine. Immediately following the clipping or
holding of the tool J, by the catches O, the top tool A, begins to hear upon the
spoke, and by the time it has performed its duty of expanding the spoke the bending
thereof is also completed.
In the method or process of manufacture adopted in carrying out this invention
in practice and in the mode of employing these improved tools, the spoke of the
wheel is placed in a suitably constructed furnace, conveniently situated, for heating
the centre or thick part of the spoke c, which requires to be expanded to a higher
degree than the ends; it is then taken from the furnace and placed in the machine
on the back tool B, as shown in Figure 1, where it is held in position by the gearing
worked by the lever Q, until the action of the ram causes all the combined parts
(hereinbefore described) to operate, when the chair G, and tool J, are quickly drawn
in just previous to the rollers reaching the spoke, and then when the rollers have
bent it beyond the first corners of the blocks B, B, the lever Q, is thrown back and
all is out of the way of the top tool A, which is descending upon the spoke to expand
it, and thus the simultaneous bending and expanding is accomplished.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim
is :-
:-
The general construction application and arrangement, and the method of using
certain improved tools or appliances in or connected with metal wheel making
machines for simultaneously bending and expanding the spokes or segments of metal
wheels, consisting of a top tool A, and a bottom, or duplicated, tool B, and J, or their
equivalents all substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated on the
accompanying sheet of drawings.