IM- PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR OPENING TWISTED YARNS AND WOVEN FABRICS
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Tomlinson, of the Roach Iron Works, Roch-
dale, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist, for the Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR OPENING TWISTED YARNS AND WOVEN
FABRICS."
Sealed the 2nd September 1863, and dated the 11th March 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Tomlinson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th March 1863.
I, JAMES TOMLINSON, of the Roach Iron Works, Rochdale, in the County of
Lancaster, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOB OPENING TWISTED YARNS AND WOVEN FABRICS,"
to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in the application of two or more feeding appa-
ratus to the main cylinder of the ordinary hard waste breaking and finishing
machine, each feeding apparatus being fitted with two feeding rollers or with
one feeding roller and a concave trough. Each feeding apparatus can be
adjusted so as to be brought closer to or further from the teeth of the main
cylinder. The gearing for driving all the feeding apparatus is connected to a
reversing motion, so as to be able to back out the feed of each feeder at one
and the same time.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Tomlinson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
11th September 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
TOMLINSON, of the Roach Iron Works, Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinist, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eleventh day of March, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James Tomlinson, Her special license that I, the said James
Tomlinson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said James Tomlinson, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR OPENING TWISTED YARNS AND WOVEN FABRICS,"
upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Tomlinson, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Tomlinson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement (that is to say) :-
My improvements consist in the application of two or more feeding appa-
ratus to the main cylinder of the ordinary hard waste breaking and finishing
machine, each feeding apparatus being fitted with two feeding rollers or with
one feeding roller and a concave trough. Each feeding apparatus can be
adjusted so as to be brought closer to or further from the teeth of the main
cylinder. The geering for driving all the feeding apparatus is connected to
a reversing motion, so as to be able to back out the feed of each feeder at the
same time.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood I will proceed to

page_text: describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being had to the
figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is an elevation in section of an ordinary hard waste breaking and
finishing machine for opening twisted yarns and woven fabrics, to which my
improvements are applied. a is the main cylinder covered with spikes or
teeth; and 6 the wire cage; c the lower feed roller revolving in a concave
trough d; and e is the lower feeding apron; these parts are made in the usual
manner.
My improvements consist in the application of one or more additional
feeding apparatus to the present machines, for the purpose of increasing the
produce and performing the work more effectually than heretofore.
In Figure 1f is the upper feed roller revolving in the concave trough g,
and h is the upper feeding apron, which is placed in a slanting direction to
give more space for the attendant to spread the twisted yarns and woven
fabrics or other articles on the lower apron e. Both the feed rollers c and f
are turned round simultaneously, being connected together by the pinions c'
and f, and the carrier wheel i, shewn by dotted circles. Each feeding appa-
ratus can be adjusted so as to be brought closer to or further from the teeth
of the main cylinder by regulating screws of the ordinary construction, and
the gearing for driving the feed rollers is connected to a reversing motion of
the usual construction, so as to be able to back out the feed of each feeding
apparatus at the same time.
When the machine is in operation the attendant spreads the articles to be
operated upon on the feeding aprons, which deliver them to the feed rollers,
by which they are presented to the teeth of the main cylinder; the opened
fibres are thrown off the main cylinder and deposited on the partition k, and
against the surface of the wire cage b, under which is the delivering roller b₁;
and the fleece of opened fibres after passing between the wire cage 6 and
roller 6' drops on to the floor or into a suitable receptacle in the ordinary
manner.
b
In Figure 2 I have shewn a concave feeding trough of the ordinary con-
struction, to which is attached a cross barj; this cross bar may be of any
required thickness according to the length of staple of the articles to be
opened. When the staple is very short no cross bar is required, and the
concave trough is brought close up to the points of the teeth of the main
cylinder; but when the staple is longer a cross bar of the requisite thickness
is attached to the front of the concave trough..
The Drawing represents a machine with only one additional feeding appa-

page_text: ratus, but I wish it to be understood that two or more additional feeding
apparatus may be applied if found requisite.
Having thus stated the nature of my Invention and described a con-
venient manner of performing the same, I declare that I claim the appli-
cation of one or more additional feeding apparatus to the main cylinders of
hard waste breaking and finishing machines, and I also claim the mode shewn
in Figure 2 for adjusting the feeding trough according to the length of the
staple or the nature of the material to be operated upon.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Tomlinson, have hereunto set my
hand seal, the Eighth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
JAMES TOMLINSON. (L.S.).