IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF EXCRETA AND HOUSE SEWAGE AND AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL AND APPARATUS THEREFOR"
Year: 1885

page_text: апа
an. Improved Manufacture of Material and Apparatus
therefor.
0
I JOHN HEWES of 4 East Street, London Road, Leicester, Builder do hereby
declare the nature of the said invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT
OF EXCRETA AND HOUSE SEWAGE AND AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF MATERIAL
AND APPARATUS THEREFOR" to be as follows:-
The object of the Invention is to reduce excreta and other like refuse to powder
by heat when it becomes a valuable disinfectant and' precipitant which when added
to dilute sewage at once precipitates the solids and, cleanses and deodorizes the
fluids. A gas is generated by this system which has heating qualities and may be
used to keep. the fire in the apparatus going after it has been once lighted with
sticks coal or the like.
The cremator is a chamber of any required shape and size and constructed if
necessary of iron and fire brick. Beneath the chamber is a suitable furnace where
the fire may be started and if necessary continued.
Running from the top to the bottom of the chamber are suitable tubes of iron
or other material in which the excreta is placed for consumption. These tubes
having valves or covers at one or both ends are fixed so that the top is a suitable
distance above the top of the chamber and the bottom end a little way through the
bottom of the chamber. By this arrangement excreta may be placed in the tubes
and the top valves closed down and when rendered to powder the bottom valves"
may be opened to allow the powder to fall into a suitable receptacle for purpose of
removal. Connected with the excreta tubes may be suitable piping through which
the gas generated therein may be conveyed to a convenient position in the chamber
and if necessary near the fire which the gas so generated will help to sustain thus
making the process almost self sustaining.
In the interior of the cremator or chamber there may be constructed a suitable
combustion chamber with air pipes leading there-from to the furnace in order to
supply heated air to the fire.
A suitable outlet may be made in any convenient part of the cremator to provide
the noces drought

page_text: The excreta powder produced from the cremator tubes may be used if preferable
either separately or mixed with other matter to precipitate deodorize or disinfect
Bewage and the like.
This powder is also useful for cleaning the insides of boilers and for other
cleaning purposes.
'
Improvements in the Treatment of Excreta and House Sewage, 1
and an Improved Manufacture of Material and Apparatus
therefor.
:
I JOHN HEWES of 4 East Street, London Road, Leicester, Builder, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following 1
statement:-
The object of the invention is to reduce excreta and other like refuse to powder.
by heat when it becomes a valuable disinfectant and precipitant which when
added to dilute sewage at once precipitates the solids and cleanses and deodorizes
the fluids. A gas is generated by this system which has heating qualities and
may be used to keep the fire in the apparatus going after it has been once lighted
with sticks, cane, or the like.
The cremator is a chamber of any required shape and size and constructed if
necessary of iron and fire brick. Beneath the chamber is a suitable furnace where
the fire may be started and if necessary continued.
Running from the top to the bottom of the chamber are suitable tubes of iron or
other material in which the excreta is placed for consumption.
These tubes having valves or covers at one or both ends are fixed so that the
top is a suitable distance above the top of the chamber and the bottom end a little
way through the bottom of the chamber. By this arrangement excreta may be
placed in the tubes and the top valves closed down and when reduced to powder
the bottom valves may be opened to allow the powder to fall into a suitable
receptacle for purpose of removal. Connected with the excreta tubes may be
suitable piping through which the gas generated therein may be conveyed to a
convenient position in the chamber and if necessary near the fire which the gas so
generated will help to sustain thus making the process almost' self sustaining,

page_text: In the interior of the cremator or chamber there may be constructed a suitable
combustion chamber with air pipes leading therefrom to the furnace in order to
supply heated air to the fire.
A suitable outlet may be made in any convenient part of the cremator to provide
the necessary draught.
The excreta powder produced from the cremator tubes may be used if preferable
either separately or mixed with other matter to précipitate, deodorize or disinfect
Bewage and the like.
f
This powder is also useful for cleaning the insides of boilers and for other
cleaning purposes.
elevation with a portion removed
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation
In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a
to show the interior of a small cremator or retort.
of a larger form; Figure 3 is a plan of figure 2.
The case A is preferably made of iron with fire bricks B (the larger form figure 2
being constructed preferably of fire brick and such suitable material only. Cast
iron or other suitable pipes C run vertically (or if preferred horizontally) through
the chamber so that the valves or covers D may be unscrewed or removed at the
top and bottom (or ends) at the top to introduce sewage and at the bottom to
allow the calcined matter to escape into suitable receptacles.
The small pipes E connected with the top of each tubo carry the gas into the
main pipe F which is continued down to and empties itself into the combustion
chamber at F¹ as shown.
Suitable union cocks or valves G are employed to shut off the supply of gas
when necessary.
At the rear is the foul air pipe and chimney-H.
The bell mouth pipe I receives the combination of heated air and gas and convey
it to the fire box beneath where it is consumed at the same time assisting to
sustain the fire.
:
There is a "fire square" placed over the furnace and the hole in the centre
directs the heat towards the middle of the chamber this being particularly
desirable when chambers of a larger size are provided.
The tubes pass through a baffle plate K or plate which forms the top of the
combustion chamber proper L. The apertures K¹ in the plate are made to receive
the pipes and to provide sufficient space for the heat to pass through to the upper
chamber.
Figure 2 shows the system as applied on a larger scale having the platform or
footway M at top and mechanical means such as the elevator N driven by any
suitable means for raising the sludge.
The cups when overturned at the top empty themselves into the movable
telescopic hopper O which is employed to charge the tubes at the top.
F is the main pipe to receive the gas passing from the tubes through the small
pipes connected therewith and P is an outlet pipe to which may be attached a
suitable pipe to carry the gas to a gasometer to be stored for other purposes than
that of sustaining the fire.
Qis the furnace, R is a rod at the end of which is an ordinary damper S to
admit air through the inlet T to meet the fire as it passes over the bridge V.
A tip wagon W is also shown under the retort.
There may be one or more fires.
The sludge after being carbonized is used for the precipitation and purification
of town and country sewage and also is a good material to be used in earth closets
for deodorizing and absorbing the manurial properties.
It is efficatious for precipitation either with the addition of lime or without as
the case may be in some cases lime being necessary; after the addition of the
carbonized powder with limo the precipitation is much more rapid.
An iron solution either as a prosalt or a persalt the latter preferred may be
added if desired.

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Or a solution made from acids say acid extract of Indigo Cudbear, Sulphuric
acid, Sulphate of soda, Muriatic acid, Bicromate of Potash, pieric acid, and logwood,
chips.
"
The action of the iron solution with the carbonized or excreta powder is to
precipitate the suspended organic and other matter contained in the sewage water.♪
The action of the acid solution with the carbon or carbon, and lime, latter
preferred;. is to precipitate the solids in sewage water to kill or destroy, the
obnoxious gases and separate the oil or grease contained in the sewage water.by.
causing it to rise and float on the top of the water.
The carbon and lime is a good disinfectant to be used in urinals, stables, fish,
markets; steam boats etc..
i
i
f₁
It may also be used with great effect as an antiincrustation powder from steam;
boilers and the like.
8
:
:.
.:.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The herein described apparatus or cremator constructed and, operating substan-
tially as and for the purposes specified..
The use or employment of the excreta powder prepared substantially as specified
as a precipitant deodorizer or disinfectant.
The use or employment of the excreta powder prepared substantially as specified
as an agent to remove incrustation from steam and other boilers.
Dated this 22nd day of January 1886. ..
Witness,
:
W. M. RICHARDS, Patent Office,
Market St. Leicester.
JOHN HEWES.