Improvements in Flexible Tyres for Velocipede or other Vehicle Wheels.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 11th Feb., 1992-Accepted, 2nd Apr., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Flexible Tyres for Velocipede or other Vehicle
Wheels.
I, JOHN HAWLEY, of 1 Helsby Terrace, Paddington, Liverpool in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object of my invention is to form hollow wheel tyres made from india rubber
or other flexible material provided with an elastic core or centre piece that will
partly cushion the vibration of the wheel whilst travelling over the uneven surface
of a road, also support and retain the india rubber tyre in its original section
together with its elasticity after being partly cut or worn.
In one form of tyre say having a cylindrical cross section I provide concentric
therewith a suitable in this case circular spiral spring the two ends of which are
welded, brazed or otherwise secured together so as to form an endless internal
spring tyre.
Between the internal spring tyre and the inside of the rubber tyre a thin
or larger
lining or casing may be provided enclosing a section of the outer
diameter of the spring so that it shall prevent the rubber being cut and also form
a support for it.
The spring tyre may be made of any suitable material such as phosphor bronze,
steel or the like wire, the section of which may be round, oral, flat or other form
according to the class of vehicle the tyre is designed for.
The protecting lining or casing may be made of thin flexible sheet pen steel,
hard brass or the like rolled or otherwise made into the form of a tyre having a
cross section corresponding to that of the spring tyre.
I do not wish to confine myself to that of the circular tyre before described
as with some classes of wheels they may be oval or various other shapes thus
requiring the cross section of the spring tyre and lining or casing to be modified.
In some cases it may be advantageous to insert the spring tyre not concentric
with the rubber tyre so as to allow of a greater thickness of rubber on the tread
than on the inside to allow for wear.
It will thus be understood that the object of this invention is to form a spring or
elastic core inside a rubber or other flexible tyre that shall not cut into it but have
the desired amount of clasticity and retain the tyre when free in its original shape ;
be also light and durable.
With some classes of tyres the lining or casing may be dispensed with; whilst
in applying my invention to pneumatic tyres the internal spring tyre may be dis-
pensed with and the lining or casing used alone for supporting and protecting the
rubber casing from being punctured.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Flexible Tyres for Velocipede or other Vehicle
Wheels.
1, JOHN HAWLEY, of 1 Helsby Terrace, Paddington, Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to form hollow wheel tyres made from india rubber

page_text: or other flexible material provided with an elastic core or centre piece, that will
partly cushion the vibration of the wheel, whilst travelling on the uneven surfaces
of a road, also support and retain the india rubber tyre in its original section
together with its elasticity after being partly cut or worn.
And in order that my invention may be more fully understood I have caused to
be appended hereunto one sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference
indicating like parts in the various figures.
Figs. 1, 3,5 & 7 are partly longitudinal sections and partly elevations of portions
of elastic cores and tyres, showing various applications of my invention.
Figs. 2, 4, 6 & 8, are cross sections respectively thereof.
Figs. 9, 10, 11 & 12, are also cross sections of elastic core and tyre showing some
modifications of my invention.
In carrying out my invention and referring to Figs. 1 & 2, in one form of tyre a
(say having a cylindrical cross section) I provide concentric therewith as elastic
core or centre piece, a suitable (in this case circular) spiral spring b, the two ends
of which are welded, brazed or otherwise secured together so as to form an endless
internal spring tyre. Between the internal spring tyre and the inside of the
rubber tyre a, a thin lining or casing e, see Figs. 3 & 4, may be provided enclosing
a section of the outside or larger diameter of the internal spring tyre, so that it
shall prevent the rubber being cut thereby and also form a support. for it. The
said internal spiral spring tyre b, if deemed advantageous, may be used in section
and in lien of employing one endless internal spring tyre, two 4 & 6, see
Figs. 5 & 6, may be used, coiled by preference in opposite directions and placed
one inside the other.
The internal spring tyre may be made of any suitable material, such as phosphor
bronze, steel or the like and the section may be round, oval, flat, or other form
according to the class of vehicle the tyre is designed for.
When dispensing with the lining or casing c, I may use the metal for the internal
spring tyre, in section slightly curved, see Figs. 1, 2, 5 & 6, so as to prevent it
cutting into the rubber tyre a.
The protecting lining or casing e may be made of thin flexible sheet pen steel,
hard brass, or the like rolled or otherwise made into the form of a tyre a having a
cross section corresponding to that of the spring tyre b.
I do not wish to confine myself to that of the circular tyre before described as
with some classes of wheels they may be oval, as shown in Fig. 10, or of various
other shapes, thus requiring the cross section of the spring tyre band lining or
casing c to be modified, for instance as shown in Figs. 11 & 12.
In some cases it may be advantageous to insert the spring tyre not concentric
with the rubber tyre a, see Fig. 9, so as to allow of a greater thickness of rubber
on the periphery than on the inside to allow for wear.
It will thus be understood that the object of this invention is to form a spring or
elastic core inside a rubber or other flexible tyre a that shall not cut into it but
have the desired amount of elasticity and retain the tyre a when free in its original
shape also be light and durable.
With some classes of tyres the lining or casing e may be dispensed with, whilst
in applying my invention to pneumatic tyres, the internal spring tyre may be
dispensed with and the lining or casing c used alone for supporting and protecting
the rubber a from being punctured, as shown in Figs. 7 & 8, the ends thereof being
made to overlap loosely, so as to accommodate itself in length to the rubber tyre
on the latter being stretched.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim, is―
"In flexible tyres for velocipedes and other vehicle wheels "
1st. The general arrangement and combination of parts constituting my improve-
ments and operating substantially as and for the purpose specified.

page_text: 2nd. Providing hollow elastic or cushion wheel tyres a of suitable section with
an elastic core or centre piece consisting of an internal spiral spring b of suitable
section, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
3rd. The combination with the internal spiral spring band rubber tyre a,
specified in the preceding claim, of a protecting lining or casing e placed between
the same on the outer periphery of the internal spiral spring b, substantially as and
for the purpose specified and with reference to Figs. 3 & 4.
4th. Providing pneumatic wheel tyres internally with a lining or casing c
substantially as and for the purpose set forth and with reference to Figs. 7 & 8.
Dated this 11th day of January 1892.
F. BOSSHARDT & Co.,
4, Corporation Street, Manchester, Agents to Applicant.