AN IMPROVED OVEN, STOVE, OR APPARATUS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF EXTRACTING INFLAMMABLE AIR, OIL, PITCH, TAR, AND ACIDS FROM AND. REDUCING INTO COKE AND CHARCOAL ALL KINDS OF FUEL, WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO VARIOUS OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES
Year: 1804

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERIC
ALBERT WINSOR, of Cheapside, London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third,
in and by His Letters Patent under His Great Seal of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Eighteenth
day of May, in the forty-fourth year of His reign, for Himself, His heirs
and successors, did give and grant unto me, the said Frederick Albert Winsor,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that I, the said Frederic Albert Winsor, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, and every of them, by myself and themselves, or by
my and their deputy or deputies, servants and agents, or such others as I, the said
Frederic Albert Winsor, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter,
during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within that part of His said Majesty's United Kingdom
called England, His Dominion of Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, my Invention of "AN IMPROVED OVEN, STOVE, OR APPARATUS, FOR THE
PURPOSE OF EXTRACTING INFLAMMABLE AIR, OIL, PITCH, TAR, AND ACIDS FROM AND.
REDUCING INTO COKE AND CHARCOAL ALL KINDS OF FUEL, WHICH IS ALSO APPLICABLE
TO VARIOUS OTHER USEFUL PURPOSES;" in which said Letters Patent there is con-
tained a proviso obliging me, the said Frederic Albert Winsor, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His said Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within one calendar month next and immediately after
the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, relation
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Frederic Albert Winsor, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, as
follows, that is to say:-
A metal, brick, or earthen stove, oven, retort, or vessel, so constructed to
reduce by means of fire and heat all raw fuel of any kind into coke and char-
coal without any or little consumption of the fuel, by which operation the
smoke, being extracted from all raw fuel, is thus conducted through cold air
or water into a condensator, where, after being sufficiently cooled and purified,
it undergoes a natural chemical resolution into tar, pitch, oil, acid, ammonia,
and inflammable gas or air. Thus, by the above means of carbonising raw
fuel with heat instead of burning it, the whole weight is preserved and resolved
into the said products. Any metal, brick, or earthen stove, oven, retort, or
vessel constructed as above may dry, melt, heat, distil, or boil any copper pan,
pot, or vessel in refineries, breweries, distilleries, smelteries, forges, steam
engines, or any other purpose whatever where much fuel is consumed, which,
to save and preserve the above principle of carbonisation, can be applied, first,
to heat any vessel, &c., by the construction of such a carbonising utensil ;
secondly, to heat another vessel, &c., by the hot smoke extracted from raw
fuel; thirdly, to heat a third vessel, &c., by the inflammable air or gas
made from smoke; and fourthly, to heat any fourth vessel, &c., with the
And also for
coke or charcoal saved by this principle of carbonisation.
applying the charcoal in manufacturing gunpowder, as containing much more
strength. Pitch and tar so produced, containing all its oily virtues (lost by
evaporation in all other methods) being superior in quality, may be used and
applied to preserve vessels, buildings, railings, palings, and other things
exposed to the weather againsts the effects of air and water.
vegetable acid or liquid may be used in manufacturing alum, vitriol, copperas,
and white lead, and in calico printing, dying, and tanning. The sails of ships
prepared by this acid will be much increased in their utility and durability.
Ammonia, being a powerful pungent liquid, may be also used and applied in
tanning, printing, dying, and fixing colours, or staining. It may also be
christallized into sal ammoniac, camphire, &c. Both the wood acid and
coal ammonia mixed with some of its own tar, &c., will prevent timber,
&c. from putrifying, rotting, and getting worm-fretted, preserve all vessels,
The wood or

page_text: buildings, &c. already affected, and even cure timber, buildings, &c. from the
dry rot, and prevent any conflagration from fire by reason of the inflammable
gas being extracted. This wood acid and ammonia will farther operate as
strong preventatives against all foul pestilential infections of the air, from its
powerful odour and perforating quality. The inflammable gas or air being
purified from that carbon so pernicious to respiration and dwellings, may be
led and conducted in a cold state through tubes of silk, paper, earth, wood, or
metal, to any distance in houses, rooms, gardens, places, parks, and streets, to
produce light and heat. This principle of carbonisation and procuring inflam-
mable air from raw and refined smoke is applicable to all public and private
illuminations, lighthouses, telegraphs, and making signals on' steeples, hills,
towers, mountains, houses, ships, and sea coasts. The above apparatus and
principle of carbonisation is applicable to mechanics, hydraulics, or any other
purpose for encreasing and multiplying force and power whatever.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederic Albert Winsor, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Sixteenth day of June, in the forty-fourth
year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the
grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
King, Defender of the Faith, and in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and four.