Improvements in or connected with Velocipedes.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Nov., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 18th Aug., 1897--Accepted, 13th Nov., 1897
SIONAL SP
ICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Velocipedes.
We, NORRIS FOWLER WILLATT, Secretary, and GEORGE BEVERLEY COOPER,
Gentleman, both of 28 Shaftesbury Avenue in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The invention relates to improvements in or connected with velocipedes, more
especially applicable to bicycles intended for the use of ladies, and the object of
the invention is to obtain a frame of the requisite strength combined with extreme
lightness.
In carrying the invention into effect as applied to a lady's bicycle the frume is
constructed of light steel or other tubes of small diameter arranged in pairs upon
cach side of the central vertical plane of the machine.
The main parts of the frame consist of two isosceles triangles which at oue
extremity of their bases are united by a boss or bracket which carries the crank
axle.
The rear triangle at the other extremity of its base is fixed with a boss or
bracket carrying the bearings of the rear or driving wheel, and the apex of this
triangle carries the saddle.
The other or front triangle at the front extremity of its base carries the bearing
for the front or steering wheel and the base line of this triangle is carried upward
at an angle from the boss or bracket of the pedal axle to leave clearance for the
front or steering wheel, whilst its upper end is fixed with a bracket pivotally
connected with the fork as hereinafter more fully described.
The fork is composed of the front leg of this triangle and two stays fixed there-
with at each end thereof and arranged at an angle thereto, so as to intersect one
another and together forming a frame which at its upper end is pivotally connected
with the head which is carried by the after leg of the front triangle, and these
stays are pivotally connected with the bracket to which the upwardly inclined
base line of the front triangle is fixed.
In order to give the necessary strength and rigidity to the connection of the
two triangles, and generally to the frame of the machine a main stay is employed
which extends upwardly at an angle in a single span from the rear extremity,
of the base of the rear triangle to the bracket which is pivotally connected with
the stays of the front leg of the front triangle, and the main stay being uncon-
necled with any other part of the frame serves to distribute the force of shocks
along the entire length thereof, and thus avoids the danger of localising a strain
to any particular point, and which would be liable to occur if the length of the
main stay were broken by junction with intermediate parts of the frame of the
machine.
In constructing a bicycle for the use of gentlemen an auxiliary stay is connected
with the apices of the two triangles so as to lie parallel with the main stay.
As herein before explained the several parts of the frame are formed in pairs
one on each side of the central vertical plane of the bicycle and these duplicate

page_text: parts are connected together at suitable points by means of transverse bars or
stays.
It will be obvious that the construction of frame herein beforo described is
applicable to trioycles or the like.
Dated this 18th day of November 1896.
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27 Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.
We, NORRIS FOWLER WILLATT, Secretary, and GEORGE BEVERLEY COOPER,
Gentleman, both of 28 Shaftesbury Avenue in the County of Middlesex, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed to be particularly described and ascortained in and by the following
statement:-
The invention relates to improvements in on connected with velocipedes more
especially applicable to bicycles intended for the use of ladies and the object of
the invention is to obtain a frame of the requisite strength combined with extreme
lightness.
In carrying the invention into effect as applied to a lady's bicycle the frame is
constructed of light steol or other tubes of small diameter arranged in
pairs upon each side of the central vertical plane of the machine.
The main parts of the frame consist of two isosceles triangles which at one
extremity of their bases are united by a boss or bracket which carries the crank
axle,
The rear triangle at the other extremity of its base is fixed with a boss or
bracket carrying the bearings of the rear or driving wheel, and the apex of this
triangle carries the saddle.
The other or front triangle at the front extremity of its base carries the bearing
for the front or steering wheel and the base line of this triangle is carried upward
at an angle from the boss or bracket of the pedal axle to leave clearance for the
front or steering wheel whilst its upper end is fixed with a bracket pivotally
connected with the fork as hereinafter more fully described.
The fork is composed of the front leg of this triangle and two stays fixed there-
with at each end thereof and arranged at an angle thereto so as to intersect one
another, and together forming a frame which at its upper end is pivotally
connected with the head which is carried by the after leg of the front triangle
and these stays are pivotally connected with the bracket to which the upwardly
inclined base line of the front triangle is fixed.
In order to give the necessary strength and rigidity to the connection of the
two triangles and generally to the frame of the machine a main stay is employed
which extends upwardly at an angle in a single span from the rear extremity of
the base of the rear triangle to the bracket which is pivotally connected with the
stays of the front leg of the front triangle and the main stay being unconnected
with any other part of the frame serves to distribute the force of shocks along
the entire length thereof and thus avoids the danger of localising a strain to any
particular point and which would be liable to occur if the length of the main
stay were broken by junction with intermediate parts of the frame of the machine.
In constructing a bicycle for the use of gentlemen an auxiliary stay is con-
nected with the apices of the two triangles so as to lie parallel with the main stay.

page_text: As meremptore explained the several parts of the frame are formed in pairs
one ou each side of the central vertical plane of the bicycle, and these duplicate
parts are connected together at suitable points by means of transverse bars or
stays.
And in order that the said invention may be more clearly understood and readily
carried into effect we will proceed aided by tho accompanying drawings mord
fully to describe the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a lady's bicycle constructed according to the
present invention.
Figure 2 is a plan thereof but with the mud guard and dress guard removed
for the sake of clearness.
Figure 3 is a rear elevation thereof but with similar parts removed.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the frame separately, and
Figure 5 is a plan thereof.
In the several figures in which like parts are indicated by similar letters of
reference l'igures 4 and 5 are drawn to an increased scale with respect to the
other figures of the drawings.
aa represent respectively the front and rear wheels of the bicycle, 6 repre-
sents the crank or pedal axle and c represents the saddle.
The frame of the bicycle is constructed of light steel or othor tubes arranged in
pairs upon each side of the central vertical plaue of the machine.
The main parts of the frame consist of two isosceles triangles de partly formed
by the legs deel and which triangles at one extremity of their bases are united
by a boss or bracket which carries the crank or pedal axle b.
The rear triangle e at the other extremity of its base is fixed with a boss or
bracket & carrying the bearings of the rear or driving wheel a¹ and the bosses
or brackets & are connected by a tube which constitutes the base of the
triangle whilst the apex of the trianglo e carries the saddle c.
The other or front triangle d at the front extremity of its base carries the
bearing d for the front or steering wheel a and the tube forming the base line
of this triangle is carried upward at an angle from the boss or bracket e³ carrying
the pedal axle b to leave clearance for the front or steering wheel a when turning
on its steering axis whilst the upper end of the tube d is fixed with a boss or
bracket pivotally connected with the fork frame as hereinafter more fully
described.
The fork is composed of the front leg of this triangle and two stays d' d
fixed therewith at each end thereof by brackets or fittings and arranged
at an angle thereto so as to intersect one another and there united by a bracket.
or fitting and together with the front leg d forming a frame.
This frame at its upper end is by the fitting pivotally connected with the
head which is carried by the fitting of the after leg of the front
triangle and the fitting d of the stays d³ is pivotally connected to the bracket
or fitting to which the tubo forming the upwardly inclined base line of the
front triangle is fixed.
In order to give the necessary strength and rigidity to the connection of the
two triangles and generally to the frame of the machine a main stay, dis
employed which extends upwardly at an angle in a single span from the bracket
or fitting at the rear extremity of the base of the rear triangle to the bracket
or fitting which is pivotally connected with the fitting d uniting the
stays d' of the front leg d of the front triangle.
By reason of the main stay d being unconneoted with any other part of the
frame the force of shocks is distributed along the entire length thereof and the
danger is avoided of localising a strain to any particular point and which would be
liable to occur if the length of the main stay were broken by junction with
intermediate parts of the frame of the machine,

page_text: By the construction of frame herein before described a clear space is left
between the triangles for the dress and limbs of the rider, and at the same time
the strength of the structure is improved.
In constructing a bicycle for the use of gentlemen an auxiliary stay is connected
with the apices of the two triangles so as to lie parallel or approximately so with
the main stay dB as indicated by the dotted lines d in Figure 1.
As hereinbefore oxplained and as clearly shown at Figures 2, 3, and 5, the
several parts of the frame are formed in pairs one of each pair being arranged
on each side of the central vertical plane of the bicycle and these duplicate parts
are connected together at suitable points by means of transverse bars or stays f.
It will be obvious that the construction of frame hereinbefore described is also
applicable to tricycles or the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:
1. A velocipede frame comprising two triangles formed by the parts ddd
and eel the part being upwardly inclined and fixed with a fitting pivotally
connected with the fork frame above the wheel a the triangles at their apices
being connected by a rigid bar whilst at their bases they are united by a
bracket carrying the pedal axle the whole device being tied together and stiffened
by a main stay extending in a single span from the fitting d to a fitting e
at the rear extremity of the base of the rear triangle substantially as herein
shown and described and for the purposo stated.
2. A velocipede frame comprising two triangles formed by the parts dd'd
and eee, the part being upwardly inclined and fixed with a fitting pivotally
connected with the fork frame above the wheel a whilst the triangles are uncon-
nected at their apices but are united at their bases by a bracket carrying the
pedal axle, the whole device being tied together and stiffened by a main stay d³
extending in a single span from the fitting ³ to a fitting et at the rear extremity
of the base of the rear triangle substantially as herein shown' and described and
for the purpose stated.
3. A velocipede frame provided with a main stay
extending in a single
span from the hearing for the rear axle to the forward extremity of the frame
substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose stated.
4. The peculiar construction and arrangement of parts constituting a velocipede
frame substantially us herein shown and described.
Dated this 18th day of August 1897
WHITE & WOODINGTON,
27 Southampton Buildings, London, Agents.