An Improved Method of Warming the Rooms of Buildings and Compartments of Railway and other Carriages.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application. 23rd Mar., 1887
Complete Left, 23rd Jec., 1887
Complete Accepted, 2nd Mar., 1888
An Improved Method of Warming the Rooms of Buildings and
Compartments of Railway and other Carriages.
1 JAMES HEGINBOTTOM of 122 Manchester Street. Oldham in the County of
Lancaster Commercial Traveller do hereby declare the nature of my invention to l
as follows:-
:-
**
The invention consists of an arrangement for circulating hot air through Her-
matically Sealed Pipes."
A coil of copper or other metal pipes is placed in a suitable position, as under the
seat of a Railway Carriage, and connected to a range of pipes hermetically sealed,
traversing the whole length of the carriage, and back through the coil as shewn on
plan Figure 1.
The pipes may traverse any number of times along the carriage, and may also be
connected to any number of coils, placed under any or all of the seats of the carriage,
the pipes may also be Hattened where they cross the centre of each compartment, as
shewn on plan Figure 1 the action is as follows.
Air of any determined pressure is put or forced into the coil and pipes through the
valve or tap marked A, Figures 2, 3, and 4.
The pipes are then hermetically sealed and heat applied to the coils by means of
gas or a mixture of gas and air, supplied through the valves or taps B and C
respectively, Figures 23 and 4, and regulated by the said valves or taps and given off
in jets as shewn at D Figures 2 and 3.
The air in the hermetically sealed pipes is thereby heated and put in circulation
through the pipes the action continuing so long as heat is applied to the pipes.
The coil may be placed either horizontally vertically, or in any position to further
assist circulation.
The coils may be enclosed or covered with any suitable material so as to absorb all
the heat given off by the jets.
The apply of air to mix with the gas may be taken from the gas lamps at the top

page_text: of each compartment and conducted to the air valve or tap C Figures 5 and 6, instead
of using air direct from the atmosphere.
In order to prevent back draught by the removal of any of the lamp covers, a pipe
may be conducted from the inner diameter between the coils at the exit end, to a point
higher then the lamp covers as shewn at E Figure 4.
The heat from the lamps when the gas is lighted may be sufficient at times to heat
the pipes without any further supply of gas.
For heating buildings the hermetically sealed pipes may be heated either by gas,
ordinary fires, or other source of heat, that may be available.

page_text: An Improved Method of Warming the Rooms of Buildings and
Compartments of Railway and other Carriages.
I JAMES HEGINBOTTOM Primrose Bank House Oldham in the County of Lancaster
Commercial Traveller do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :—
The invention consists of an arrangement for circulating hot air through "Her-
metically Sealed Pipes."
A coil of copper or other metal pipes is placed in a suitable position as under the
seat of a compartment of a Railway Carriage, and connected to a range of pipes
hermetically sealed traversing the whole length of the carriage and back again through
the coil as shewn on plan Figs. I and 2 a.
The action is as follows air of any determined pressure is put or forced into the coil
and pipes through the valve or tap A Figs. 2. 3. and 4.
The pipes are then hermetically sealed, and heat applied to the coils by means of
gas or a mixture of gas and air, supplied through the valves or taps B and C
respectively Figs. 2. 3. and 4 and regulated by the said valves or taps and given off
in jets as shewn at D Figs. 3 and 4.
The air in the hermetically sealed pipes is thereby heated and put in circulation
through the pipes.
The coils may be covered with any suitable material or enclosed so as to absorb all
the heat given off by the jets.
The coils may be placed either horizontally, vertically, or any other position to
further assist circulation.
The supply of air to mix with the gas for combustion for the purpose of heating the
pipes may be taken from the lamps at the top of the carriages and conducted to the
air valve or tap C Figs. 3 and 4, thereby obtaing hot air instead of cold air direct
from the atmosphere. In order to prevent back draught by the removal of any of
the lamp covers a pipe F Figs. 1. 2. and 5 may be conveyed from the inner diameter
or ring of the coils at the exit end to a point higher then the lamp covers as shewn
at F Fig. 1.
The heat from the lamps when the gas is lighted may be sufficient at times to heat
the pipes, without any further supply of gas.
For heating buildings the hermetically sealed pipes may be heated either by gas,
ordinary fires, or other source of heat that may be available.
In the case of Railway Carriages heat may also be taken from the flues, fire box, or
inside the steam boiler, or funnel of the engine the air being circulated by a pump
with necessary valves or taps, placed upon the engine or tender as the case may be
with safety valve or extra pump.
In case of taking the heat from inside the steam boiler (which is the best source)
I put a pipe or pipes in the boiler which are coupled to form the circuit to circulate

page_text: the air round the engine and tender when not coupled to the carriages. To complete the
circuit through all the carriages and back again through the boiler, the said pipes are
coupled as shewn at D Fig. 1.
When it is required to heat each carriage separately the pump if required, for
circulating the air may be worked from the axle of the carriage.
Fig. 5 represents an arrangement of the before mentioned couplings and taps for
connecting the engine and carriages of a train together so as to form a complete
circuit round the train and engine, and for disconnecting the engine from the carriages
or any particular carriage from another, the couplings being at each end of every
carriage and the engine.
Fig. 5 represents two carriages coupled together but with the taps closed.
To form circulation the tap G is turned one fourth of a revolution causing
also the tap H¸ to be turned by means of the spur wheels 1K simultaneously the
openings in the taps then being in communication, and the return passages M in the
taps being closed to the pipes.
The couplings or joints 1 being brought and secured together by means of links or
catches N at the same time as the taps are opened, and vice versa the links being fixed
on squares or preparations on one of the taps the other ends being so formed as to
engage with corresponding projections on the other tap as shewn, the joint. D being
formed of indiarubber or other suitable material.
The pump may also be worked by a separate small engine so that in case of delays
such as being blocked in snow drifts, or other accidents the circulation may be kept
up and passengers kept warm wether the train be running or stopped.
In case of a separate engine the circulation could be regulated to any speed by means
of cone pulleys or other suitable arrangement.
For heating the rooms of buildings the pipes may be heated either by gas, ordinary
fires, kitchen boilers, or other sources of heat that may be available, or the air may
be heated by any kind of lamp. A bonnet as shewn at Fig. 6 may be placed above the
said lamp the heated air being circulated through the hermetically sealed pipes and
receptacle A, the pipe B takes off the effluvia &c. from the inner side the said bonnet
may be formed of any desired shape or size to cover any number of burners or lamps,
combustion air is supplied at C or the air may be circulated when any kind of power
is available either by bellows fan, or pump, or an arrangement of wheels with winding
up gear in a similar manner to a clock may be used for the purpose of driving the
pump &c. which combination of wheels or clockwork may be wound up so as to
regulate the length of time the circulation may be required, the pipes may be
connected with any kind of air tight receptacles.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
I claim is
1st. The circulation of air through hermetically sealed pipes and other reeptacles.
2nd. A method of coupling and uncoupling the air pipes as between carriage and
carriage of a railway train as shown at Fig. 5.
3rd. A method of taking heat from gas or other lamps or fire stoves &c. by means
of a hollow receptacle as shewn at Fig. 6 for the circulation of air through pipes and
radiation of heat substantially and for the purpose herein before more particularly set
forth and represented in the drawings annexed.
Dated this 23rd day of December 1887