IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREW NUTS, BOLTS SPIKES RIVETS SCREW BLANKS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Richard Postlethwaite, of Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Mechanical Engineer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREW NUTS,
BOLTS SPIKES RIVETS SCREW BLANKS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Richard Postle
thwarte at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 18th January 1869.
1. LORGE RICHARD POSTLETHWANE, of Birmingham, in the County
Wwick, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
id Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF
SCREW NUTS, BOLTS, SPIKES, RIVETS, SCREW-BLANKE, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES,"
a follows:-
My Invention consists of machinery constructed and arranged in the
mmu herein-after described for the manufacture of nuis for screws,.
ults, spikes, rivets, screw-blanks, and other like articles.
conciminted and arranged for

page_text: making nuts for screws:-On the bed of the machine a series of dies or
tools is stationed, immediately over which other moveable dies or tools
work. Each fixed die or tool forms with the moveable one over it a pair of
dies or tools. By the use of the series of pairs of dies or tools described
a piece of iron is cut off the end of a heated bar, the cut off piece
shaped and partly punched, further shaped, and finished, the complete
punching of the nut being effected by hand immediately after the part
punching by the machine. The dies or tools on the bed of the machine
are dropped into holes in vertical slides, the bottom of each slide resting
on the short end of a lever; the longer end of the said lever constitutes
a treadle on which the workman puts his foot to raise the said slide
sufliciently to bring the nut within the operation of the moveable upper
die or tool. The height to which each of the slides can rise is regulated
by a top screw. Besides the lever described a second lever is connected
with each vertical slide at about its middle, the short end of the said
second lever passing through a slot to the bottom of the holes in the
axis of the slide. By depressing the said lever a rod in the said hole
is raised and made to project from the die or tool a bolt or any other
article consisting of a head and shank which may have been made in
the machine. The slides described turn upon joints near their lower
ends, to permit of their inclining forward for the removal of bolts and
other long articles. In making nuts for screws the last-described raising
mechanism is not employed. The moveable dies or tools of the machine
are fixed by set screws in vertical plungers, the said plungers being
connected by links with cranks or excentrics on the principal shaft of
the machine. When the said shaft is driven a rapid rising and falling
motion is given to the said moveable dies or tools. The first pair of
tools is made of a shape proper to cut off a piece of iron from the end
of the heated bar of iron, the size of the piece cut off being determined
by a stop set at the back of the fixed die or tool. In bringing this and
the other pairs of dies of the machine into operation the treadles herein-
before described are employed, by which treadles the lower dies and
the nuts supported in them are brought within the range of action of
the upper dies. The cut off piece is removed from the first pair of dies
to the second pair, where it is partly shaped and also partly punched,
a projecting peg or punch in the upper die entering the metal as the
said die descends upon the lower die, forming a hole nearly but not
quite through the said metal, and forcing the metal into every part of
the closed dies. The lower die has a shallow recess in its axis into

page_text: which a thin wad formed by the descent of the peg or punch euters.
The said wad is not separated from the partly made nut, but constitutes
a peg on its under side. The nut is now. placed on a flat die or tool having
a central hole in it and situated at the side of the machine, the peg
on tho under side of the nut fitting in the said hole. By means of a
hand punch the wad formed is cut out from the nut and falls down the
holo in the said tool. The nut is now removed to another pair of dies
in the machine, being placed in the lower die with its axis in a horizontal
position. By the operation of the dies the nut is hammered or forged
in a manner similar to that effected by the forging machine called an
"Oliver," the nut being turned in the lower die and operated upon by
the upper one until all the sides of the nut have been properly shaped.
The nut is finally transferred to another pair of dies by which it is
finished, the lower die having a peg on which the nut is dropped. By the
descent of the upper die the exterior of the nut is finished between it
and the lower die, while the figure of the hole in the nut is perfected
by the peg described The form of the dies or tools is varied to suit
the particular kind of nut to be inade. When the machine is used for
making bolts, spikes, rivets, screw-blanks, or other articles consisting
essentially of a rod with a head at one end, dies or tools proper for
forming the head and receiving the shank of the said articles are
Cinployed. The upper lever in the vertical slides for raising the bult or
article from the dies is used during the working of the machine, but
the hand-punching part of the machine is not used. For removing tho
burr or fin which may be formed when bolts with hemispherical heads
or other heads are made, I employ a rotating cutter fixed on one side
of the machine, and driven by a pulley from the principal shaft of the
machine. An adjustable rest supports the articles to be operated upon
in the requisite position underneath the rotating cutter.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Richard Postlethwaite in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 16th July 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME I. GEORGE
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Richard Postlethwaite in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 16th July 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME I. GEORGE
RICHARD POSTLETḤwaite, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
5 Mechanical Engineer, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said George Richard Postlethwaite, Hor special
licence that I, the said George Richard Postlethwaite, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Richard
Postlethwaite, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREW
NUTS, BOLTS, SPIKES, RIVETS. SCREW-BLANKS, AND OTHER LIKE ARTICLES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that 1, the said George Richard
Postlethwaite, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Oflice within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Richard Postlethwaite, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention consists of machinery constructed and arranged in the
manner herein-after described for the manufacture of nuts for screws,
bolts, spikes, rivets, screw blanks, and other like articles.
I will first describe the machinery as constructed and arranged for
making nuts for screws. On the bed of the machine a series of dies or
tools is stationed immediately over which other moveable dies or tools
work. Each fixed die or tool forms with the moveable one over it a pair
of dies or tools. By the use of the series of pairs of dies or tools
described a piece of iron is cut off the end of a heated bar, the cut-off
piece shaped and partly punched, further shaped, and finished, the
complete punching of the nut being effected by hand immediately after the
part punching by the machinery. 'The dies or tools on the bed of
the machine are dropped into holes in vertical slides, the bottom of each

page_text: slide resting on the short end of a lever; the longer end of the said lever
constitutes a treadle on which the workman puts his foot to raise the
said slide sulliciently to bung the nut within the operation of the
moveable upper die or tool. The height to which each of the slides can
rise is regulated by a stop screw. Besides the lever described a second
lever is connected with each vertical slide at about its middle, the short
end of the said second lever passing through a slot to the bottom of the
holes in the axis of the slide. By depressing the said lever a rod
commonly called a " tipper in the said hole is raised and made to
project from the die or tool a bolt or any other article consisting of a
head and shank which may have been made in the machine. The slides
described turn upon joints near their lower ends to permit of their
inclining forward for the removal of bolts and other long articles. In
anaking nuts for screws the raising mechanism described is not employed.
The moveable dies or tools of the machine are fixed by set screws in-
vertical plungers, the said plungers being connected by links with cranks
or excentrics on the principal shaft of the machine. When the said
shaft is driven a rapid rising and falling motion is given to the said
moveable dies or tools. The first pair of tools is made of a shape proper
to cut off a piece of iron from the end of a heated bar of iron, the size
of the piece cut off being determined by a stop set at the back of the
fixed die or tool. In bringing this and the other pairs of dies of 'the
machine into operation the treadles herein-before described are employed,
by which treadles the lower dies and the nuts supported in them are
brought within the range of action of the upper dies. The cut off piece
is removed from the first pair of dies to the second pair, where it is partly
shaped and also partly punched. A projecting peg or punch in the upper
die enters the metal as the said die descends upon the lower die, forming
a hole nearly but not quite through the said metal, and forcing the metal
into every part of the closed dies. The lower die has a shallow recess
in its axis into which a thin wad formed by the descent of the peg or
punch enters. The said wud is not separated from the partly made nut
but constitutes a peg on its under side. The nut is now placed on a flut
die or tool having a central hole in it and situated at the side of the
machine, the peg on the under side of the nut fitting in the said hole.
By means of a hand punch the wad formed is cut out from the nut and
falls down the hole in the said tool; or instead of the part punching
described and subsequent removal of the wad the hole in the nut may he
punched at one operation. The pierced nut is now removed to another

page_text: pair of dies in the machine, being placed in the lower die with its axis
na horizontal position. By the operation of the dies the nut is
hammered or forged in a manner similar to that effected by the forging
machine called an "Oliver," the nut being turned in the lower die and
operated upon by the upper one until all the sides of the nut have been
properly shaped. The nut is finally transferred to another pair of dies
by which it is finished, the lower die having a peg on which the nut is
dropped. By the descent of the upper die the exterior of the nut is
finished between it and the lower die, while the figure of the hole in the
nut is perfected by the peg described. The form of the dies or tools is
varied to suit the particular kind of nut to be made. When the machine
is used for making bolts, spikes, rivets, screw blanks, or other articles
consisting essentially of a rod with a head at one end, dies or tools proper
for forming the head and receiving the shank of the said articles are
employed. The upper lever in the vertical slides for raising the bolt or
article from the dies is used during the working of the machine, but the
hand punching part of the machine is not used. For removing the burr
or fin which may be formed when bolts with hemispherical heads or other
heads are made, I employ a rotating cutter fixed on one side of the
machine and driven by a pulley from the principal shaft of the machine.
An adjustable rest supports the articles to be operated upon in the
requisite position underneath the rotating cutter.
Ilaving explained the nature of my Invention I will proceed to
describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings the manner in
which the same is to be performed.
Figure represents in front elevation a machine to be used in the
manufacture of screw nuts, bolts, and other similar articles the parts of
which are constructed and arranged according to my Invention;
Figure 2 is an end elevation of the same; and Figure 3 is a transverse
vertical section of the same taken through the line A, B, Figure 1, the
said Figure 3 being provided with mechanical arrangements for the
manufacture of bolts and other articles provided with heads; Figure 4
is a plan, and Figure 5 a vertical section of the machine showing some
of the slides carrying the lower dies inclined forward for the purpose of
removing the bolts or other articles from the dies; Figure 6 represents the
cutting and shaping tools for making nuts detached from the machine,
Figure 1; Figure 7 represents in section on a large scale the dies or tools
used in the machine, Figure 1, with the tools, Figure 6, for the making

page_text: of nuts; and Figure 8 represents the end of a bar of heated iron made
by the operation of the cutting tools, Figure 6. The same letters and
figures of reference are employed to indicate the same parts in the several
Figures of the Drawings.
I will first describe the general construction of the machine, and then
proceed to describe the manufacture of nuts and bolts and other similar
articles by the use of the said machine. a, b, c, d, are dies or tools on
the bed of the machine, the said dies being carried by the vertical
slides marked respectively f, g, h, i. The said slides are capable of rising
and falling in the guides marked and plates marked k³, and are also
.capable of being turned outwards upon the joints 1, as represented in
Figures 4 and 5. The bottom of each of the slides is jointed to the short
end m of the lever m, m³, the longer end of the said lever constituting
a treadlo on which the workman puts his foot to raise the said slide.
The treadle m is raised by the spring m³. The position of the slides
when raised by the levers m, m³, is represented in Figure 3, and when
depressed in Figures 4 and 5. On the lower part of each guide k is a
cross bar carrying a screw stop 9, against which a projection 2 on the
slide strikes. By this means the height to which the slide can be raised
by the operation of the treadle lever m, m³, is regulated. The distance
to which the slides can descend, may be regulated by a second screw
stop (see Figure 3), which stop on the descent of the slide bears
against the top of the cross bar q². The stop is only used under special
circumstances, as herein-after explained. At about the middle of each
of the slides f, g, h, i, a second levers is jointed, the upper end of the
Baid lever being connected to the slide by means of a spring or elastic
loop or band s.
The lower end of the lever s passes through and works
in a slot in the slide. This lever serves to turn the slide upon its joint l,
as represented in Figures 4 and 5, for removing the bolt or article from
the die, and also for projecting the finished bolt or article from the die.
This latter operation is effected by the tippert in the axis of the slide
(see Figure 3), the bottom of which tipper rests on the short end or arm
of the said lever 8. When the lever s is pulled down and the slide
turned on its joint, as illustrated in Figure 5, the short end or arm of the.
said lever at the same time raises the tipper t, which projects the bolt or
article from the die. The forward or outward motion of the slides as in
Figure 5 is prevented, excepting when the said slides are in their lowest
position by means of the front guide plates,, against which plates
•

page_text: the front of the slides work (see Figure 4). When the slides are at their
lowest position after the making of a bolt or article slots u in the said
slides are brought opposite projections on the plates, and the said
slides can then be turned outwards upon their joints 1, the said projec-
tions working in the said slots u during the outward motion of the
slides. At the back of the machine is a bar w carrying a series of
adjustable stops x, x, a stop being situated opposite each of the
dies a, b, c, d. One of these stops is shown in Figure 6 in connection
with the die a. The inner end of the stop is jointed as represented for
the purpose of permitting of the rising motion of the slide, as herein-after
explained. Over the dies or tools a, b, c, d, a series of moveable dies or
tools marked respectively a, b, b, c, d, work; the upper tool a³ forms
a pair with the lower die or tool a; the upper tool 63, 6³, forms a pair
with the lower die or tool b; the upper tool c forms a pair with
the lower die c; and the upper tool forms a pair with the
lower die d. Each of the upper moveable dies a, b, c, d, is carried
by a plunger y, the upper end of which is connected by a link z with a
crank on the principal shaft 2, the said cranks being arranged at different
angles on the shaft 2; the plungers y work in the fixed guide 3. By
the rotation of the shaft 2 a rapid rising and falling motion is given to
the series of upper dies or tools a, b, c, d. 4, 4, are fly wheels on the
ends of the crank shaft 2, and 5, 5, are the fast and loose pulleys. On
the end of the shaft 2 is a pulley 6 for driving the rotating cutter 7,
herein-after explained. The first pair of dies or tools a, a³, of the
machine are for cutting and shaping the iron for making nuts. These
dies or tools are shown separately in Figure 6. The second pair of dies
or tools b, b, b, are used for the manufacture of bolts and other articles
provided with heads. These dies or tools are shown in section in
Figure 3. The external die or head box &, in which the head of the
bolt or article is shaped by the descent of the inner die or pressing
tool b', is worked by the lever 8 forked at its inner end, the said lever
being connected by the rod 10 and arm 11 with the slide 9. As tho
slide 9, carrying the die b, is raised by the operation of the treadlo
lever m, m, the spring 12 is compressed and the lever 8 made to turn
upon its joint and cause the descent of the head or die box upon
the lower die b before the descent of the inner die or pressing tool 63; the
third pair of 'dies or tools c, c, are swaging tools for swaging nuts and
bolts and other articles, and the fourth pair of guides d, d, are for
finishing or "snapping," that is, rounding the tops of nuts or the heads

page_text: of bolts and other articles. At the side of the machine are dies or tools
13, 14, to be used in the manufacture of bolts or nuts. These dies aro
provided with levers 15 and rods 16 of the kind herein-before described
for raising the bolts or articles from the dies. A table 18 runs along
the front of the machine, upon which the workman may place the hand
tools he may employ. The upper end and lower dies or tools represented
in Figure 7, which I use with the cutting tools a, a,.Figure 1, for the
manufacture of nuts, are situated in the machine, Figure 1, in the placo
occupied by the dies or tools b, b', or the other pair of dies or tools c, c³,
or d, d. The dies or tools, Figure 7, consist of a lower die 20 carried by
the slide, the said die having nearly the figure of the exterior of the nut to
be made, and an upper flat die 21 fixed to the plunger y of the machine.
The said upper die 21 has in its axis a peg or punch 22 for punching the
hole in the nut, and the said die 21 has at its under side a supple-
mentary die 23, carried by a spring arm secured to the fixed guide 3 of
the machine. This supplementary dic 23 is of a concave figure, aud
when by the descent of the dic 21 the said die 23 is pressed upon the
top of and made to complete the lower die 20 the said supplementary
die effects the rounding or "snapping "of the top of the nut.
As the slide f
In making screw nuts by the use of my improved machinery I take a
heated bar of iron, the end of which has been previously shaped, and
place it over the lower die a and against the stop at the back of the
die, the bar being guided by the side guide a". By placing the fout
upon the treadle of the slide the said slide is raised and the die a
brought within the range of action of the upper die a³.
and die a are raised the said die a pushes the jointed end of the stop o
out of the path of the upper die or tool a². lu Figure 6 the slide f and
die & are represented partly raised, and the stop about to be pushed
back by the said die a. The upper die or tool a³ now comes into action,
and the end of the heated bar of iron is by the successive blows or
squeezes of the said upper tool forced into the lower die a, and shaped of
the form represented on a large scale in Figure 8, the nut being
connected to the bar by a slight web.
By an examination of Figure S it will be seen that the dies a, a³, in
addition to cutting and shaping the nut also shape the end of the .bar
for the next nut to be formed; the nut attached to the bar, Figure 8,
being removed from the dies a, a, is placed in the lower die or tool 20,
Figure 7, arranged in the machine, Figure 1, and the said die 20 with

page_text: "
"
the nut in it is brought within the range of action of the upper dio
or tool by depressing the treadle of the slide carrying the said die 20.
By the descent of the upper die 21 the supplementary or snap
die 23 is closed upon the die 20, and the peg or punch 22 is made to
punch by a succession of blows the hole completely through the said
nut, the metal during the punching of the hole being forced into every
part of the closed dies 20, 23. The descent of the punch 22 separates the
partly made nut from the bar from which it has been cut and shaped.
The nut thus made in the dies, Figure 7, may if required be completed
or perfected by means of the swaging tools c, c, and snapping tools d, d³,
Figure 1. The nut pierced by the said dies, Figure 7, is removed from
the lower die by means of a mandril driven into the nut as herein-after
explained. Or, instead of making nuts in the way described, the nut
cut and shaped by the dies a, a, instead of being shaped and completely
pierced by the dies, Figure 7, may by the use of a series of dies in the
machine, Figure 1, be first partly pierced so as to leave a wad on its
under side. This pair of dies is not represented in the Drawing but
may be substituted in place of the dies b, 6ª, b'. The partly pierced nut
is next placed in one of the side dies 13 or 14, and the wad removed
by means of a hand punch. The pierced nut is now removed to the
swaging tools c, c, so as to perfect its sides. The removal of the nut
from the piercing dies or tools to the swaging tools is effected by means
of a mandril driven into the hole while in the lower piercing die. 'This
mandril serves to turn the nut so as to expose each of its sides to the
action of the swaging tools. The nut is finally transferred to the pair
of tools d, d, for snapping or rounding the top of the nut and
perfecting the hole, the lower tool d in this case having a peg on which
the nut is dropped, and by which the figue of the whole is perfected.
The form of the dies or tools is varied to suit the particular kind of
nut to be made.
In making bolts, spikes, and other headed articles by the use of my
improved machinery I either make them from rods of the size of the
shank of the article to be made, or I reduce the iron to the proper
shape and size for the shanks by means of swaging tools at c, c, the
said tools in this case being of a half-round shape instead of the angular
shape represented. When I use the half-round swaging tools for this
purpose the size of the rod to be made by the swaging tools may be
determined by adjusting the screw stop r (Figure 3), which stop limits
the distance to which the slide carrying the lower swaging tool can

page_text: descend. I make the shanks of short bolts by the half-round swaging
tools, but I prefer to make long bolts from rods of iron cut of the proper
length. I take the rod of iron made by the swaging tools or other rod
of the required length and place it in the lower die b, and by means
of the treadle connected with the slide g carrying the said die I raise
the said die and rod within the range of action of the upper die ³, b
By the rising of the slide g the die or head box is made to descend
upon the lower die band enclose the projecting end of the rod
in the said die b. By the descent of the plunger y the pressing
tool enters the hollow die b', and by a succession of blows on
squeezes forms therein the head of the bolt or article, as represented in
Figure 3, the said head being made without fin or burr. On the rising
of the tool b', and removing the foot from the treadle of the slide g, the
said slide descends, and the die or head box is raised from the die 6 by
the operation of the lever 8 and parts connected with it. By now
depressing the lever 8 of the slide g into the position represented in
Figures 4 and the slide is turned outwards on its joint 2, and the
lower die carried by it is brought out of the line of the upper
die &,, and the bolt or headed article in the die bis projected there-
from by the action of the said levers and tippert, upon which tipper
the bottom of the bolt or article rested, as herein-before explained. The
head of the bolt or article thus made may be perfected by the successive
operations of the swaging tools c, c, and the tools d, d³, the swaging
tools c, c, perfecting the shape of the sides of the head, and the
tools d, d, snapping" or rounding the top of the said head. Short
bolts may be made by the machine in the manner described, and
'pieced up to any length (that is, have a piece or rod of iron welded
thereto) by means of a pair of swaging tools worked in the machine.
Long bolts or headed articles with long stems may also be made in the
following way take a rod of the length of the stem and head and
coil round one end of the rod a collar containing sufficient metal to
form the head, and making the said collar and end of the rod welding
hot I fashion the sides of the head and weld it to the stem by means of
swaging tools at c, e, in the machine, Figure 1, and finish or
snap
the head in the side tool 13 or 14 by means of a hand snapping or
ounding tool. The headed bolts or articles are removed from the
tools 13, 14, by the levers 15 and tippers 16. In order to remove tho
burr or fin from the heads of bolts or articles I use the rotating cutter ?
situated at one end of the machine, Figures 1 and 2, the said cutter
64
"
"
"

page_text: being driven by a band from the pulley 6 of the crank shaft 2 working
over the pulley 24 on the axis of the cutter. Cuderneath the cutter 7
is an adjustable rest 25 for supporting the article while it is being
operated upon by the said cutter 7. The slides f, g, h, i, carrying the
lower dies or tools may be raised at the proper times to bring them
within the action of the upper dies or tools by means of mechanical
arrangements worked by the machine instead of by the foot of the
workman. By making the machine operate upon the bolt or article
in the lower die or tool by a succession of squeezes or blows as described
and illustrated. the said bolt or article is very effectually welded and
solidified in place of being bent or doubled over, as is the case when the
article is formed by a machine worked by the one-blow system.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do
not limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated,
as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my
Invention; but I claim as my Invention of improvements in machinery
for the manufacture of screw nuts, bolts, spikes, rivets, screw-blanks,
and other like articles,-
Firstly. The combination in a machine for the manufacture of the
said articles of a series of upper and lower dies or tools constructed,
arranged, and operated substantially as herein-before described and
illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Secondly. Making the bottom slide or slides carrying the lower die or
tool or dies or tools of machinery used in the manufacture of screw nuts,
bolts, spikes, and other like articles capable of a vertical motion so as to
cause the rod or piece of metal in the lower die or tool to be brought at
the proper time within the range of action of the upper die or tool, the
said slide og slides being raised by a lever operated either by the foot or
by the machine of which the said slide or slides form a part, substantially
as herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Draw-
ings;
also the arrangement of parts of the said slides for removing the
bolts or other headed articles from the dies or tools of the said slides.
Thirdly. Closing or boxing in the heated metal from which the heads
of bolts and other headed articles are to be made by means of a die or
head box arranged and worked from the bottom slide carrying the lower
die or tool, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in
Ligures 1 and 3 of the accompanying Drawings,

page_text: Lastly. The construction of the cutting and shaping tools herein-
before described and illustrated in Figures 1 and 6 of the accompanying
Drawings to be used in the manufacture of hexagonal and other screw
nuts, that is to say, cutting and shaping tools, whereby a partially
formed nut is shaped and nearly but not quite cut from a bar. of heated
iron, the said partially formed nut being detached from the bar at a subsc-
quent stage of the manufacture of the nut, substantially as described
and illustrated.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Richard Postlethwaite
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twelfth day of July,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
3
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
GEORGE RICHARD POSTLETHWAITE. (L.B.)