AN APPARATUS FOR INDICATING AND MEASURING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS."
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Francis Robert Newton and Hiram Codd, both of
Esher Street, in the City of Westminster, for the Invention of "AN
APPARATUS FOR INDICATING AND MEASURING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Francis Robert Newton
and Hiram Codd, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 8th March 1862.
We, FRANCIS ROBERT NEWTON and HIRAM CODD, both of Esher Street, in
the City of Westminster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN APPARATUS FOR INDICATING. AND MEASURING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS," to
be as follows:\
This Invention consists of a new method of indicating and measuring the
withdrawal of liquids from casks or other vessels, by the ordinary beer engines
or other means.
The apparatus consists of a plate of metal, upon which a series of cogged
wheels are arranged, in a manner similar to clockwork machinery, the one
working the other and actuating the series of circular indicators in the form of
dials, with needles or hands thereon, the dials being provided with a series of
numbers, the first dial indicating from unity upwards, the second indicating
tens, and the third; hundreds; or, the first, pence, the second, shillings, and
the third, pounds, according to the number of teeth in the various wheels and
pinions. In order to give motion to these indicators, the arrangement of
apparatus is as follows:-A rod works vertically in a slide at the back of the

page_text: plate, and at one end thereof and attached to this rod by a pin or screw is a
plate of metal, somewhat in the shape of a sextant of a circle, whose centre is
the position of the pin or screw, tho circumference being lowermost ; parallel to
the circumference is a slot, through which a screw is inserted into the sliding
rod, so that the position of the sextant may be regulated and fixed accordingly.
Another slot is made in the sextant parallel to the radius, and a stud passes
through this slot this stud is held by an arm working from a fulcrum; to
this arm a catch of a ratchet is fixed, which gears into the first of the series of
wheelwork. The vertical slide rod is worked by the movement of the beer
engine or other mechanical means, whereby the previously described parts also
receive their motion. The position of the radial slot in the sextant may be
varied by the lower adjusting screw, and it is obvious that in accordance with
the angle at which this slot is fixed, so will the vertical movement of the
sextant operate more or less upon the stud passing through it and actuating
the wheelwork. Thus, one or more strokes or portions of strokes of the pump
of the engine may be made to move the first indicator one point or portion
thereof, so as to signify the withdrawal of any given quantity of liquid or its
value in money. Connecting rods are put in communication with the-appa
ratus from the various engines, and their length and arrangement is so regulated
according to the value of the liquid so withdrawn, as to correctly actuate the
apparatus (in whatever position it may be placed) and register the quantity or
value of the liquid withdrawn.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Francis Robert Newton and Hiram Codd in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 8th September 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, FRANCIS
ROBERT NEWTON and HIRAM CODD, both of Esher Street, in the City of West-
minister, send greeting.
2
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of March, in the year of our Lord One 3
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
Francis Robert Newton and Hiram Codd, Her special licence, that we, the
said Francis Robert Newton and Hiram Codd, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such other as we, the said Francis Robert Newton and Hiram 3
Codd, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any t time agree with

page_text: and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN APPARATUS FOR INDICATING AND
MEASURING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said Francis Robert Newton and Hiram Codd, our executors, or admi-
nistrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of their
bands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar.
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Francis Robert Newton and Hiram
Codd, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Our Invention consists of a new method of indicating and measuring the
withdrawal of liquids from casks or other vessels by means of apparatus in con-
nection with, and operated by, the ordinary beer engines or other means.
The apparatus consists of two plates of metal bolted or pinned together,
leaving a space between them for the arrangement of a series of cogged wheels
and pinions, similar to the manner of clockwork, the one working the other and
actuating a series of pointers, hands, or indicators, travelling on centres around
the faces of dials in front of the apparatus. The dials are provided with
numbers, the front dial indicating from unity upwards, the second indicating
tens, and the third, hundreds; or the first, pence, the second, shillings, and
the third, pounds, according to the number of teeth in the various wheels and
pinions. In order to give motion to these indicators, the arrangement of appa-
ratus is as follows:-A rod works vertically in a slide at the back of the
apparatus at one end thereof, and attached to this rod by a pin or screw is a
plate of metal, somewhat in the shape of a sextant of a circle, whose centre is
the position of the pin or screw, the are being lowermost; parallel with this
are is a slot in the plate through which a screw is inserted into the sliding rod,
so that the position of the sextant may be regulated and fixed accordingly.
Another slot is made in the sextant parallel to the radius, and a stud passes
through this slot; this stud is held by an arm working from a fulcrum; to
this arm a catch of a ratchet is fixed which gears into the first of the series of
wheelwork. The vertical slide rod is worked by the movement of the beer
engine or other mechanical means, whereby the previously described parts
also receive their motion. The position of the radial slot in the sextant may

page_text: ✔
be varied by the lower adjusting screw, and it is obvious that in accordance
with the angle at which this slot is fixed so will the vertical movement of the
sextant operate more or less upon the stud passing through it and actuating
the wheelwork. Thus, one or more strokes or portions of strokes of the pump
of the engine may be made to move the first indicator one point or portion
thereof, so as to signify the withdrawal of any given quantity of liquid or its
value in money. Connecting rods are put in communication with the appa-
ratus from the various engines, and their length and arrangement is so
regulated according to the value of the liquid to be withdrawn, as to correctly
and proportionably actuate the apparatus (in whatever position it may be
placed), and register the quantity or value of the liquid withdrawn.
The above being the principles upon which our said Invention is based, we
now proceed to describe the best means we are acquainted with for carrying
the same into practical effect, reference being had to the accompanying Draw-
ings, and to the numeral figures and letters of reference marked thereon, as
follows:-
The Drawings exhibit a modification of the apparatus as just described, the
object of which is to remove the sextant from the apparatus and apply a sub-
stitute therefor, to be attached to and operated by the beer engine, in order to
actuate the stud and wheelwork of the apparatus, in a manner and in effect
substantially the same as first proposed.
Fig. 1 is a front view, and Fig. 2, a back view, of the apparatus thus
modified, the dials on which represent pounds, shillings, and pence.
a is the first of the series of toothed wheelwork with which the catch or
pall 6 is made to gear, by means of the arm c and the spring d;
e is the pro-
jecting stud, fixed or screwed into the arm c, which works on a pin or centre f;
a spiral spring 9 serves to return the arm and pall to its position after each
forward movement. The first wheel a turns upon a pin in the centre of the
dial h, and is furnished with a pinion, in order to actuate the second wheel i
which works on a pin in the centre of the dial k, and which wheel is also
furnished with a pinion, in order to govern the third wheel 1, which works on
a pin in the centre of the dial m, turning in its course the hand or indicator on
this dial, which represents value in pounds, the dials h and representing
shillings and pence. The first wheel a is prevented from slipping back not
only by the pall b, but by an auxiliary spring between the plates of the appa-
ratus, which constantly bears upon the teeth of this wheel. The number of
the teeth of the series of wheels and their respective pinions is of course to be
regulated in the ordinary method of arranging such parts, according as the
apparatus is intended to register quantity by measure or by value, and in like

page_text: manner the numbers or figures on the dials may be made to represent quantity
in lieu of value.
The foregoing being a description of the apparatus itself, it remains to
explain the method of actuating the projecting stud e, by the movement of the
beer engine or other machine.
T
Fig. 3 shows one example; n is the piston or pump rod of a beer engine,
to which is attached or suspended the metal arm o, which forms a substitute
for the sextant, and which is made somewhat in the shape of a reversed letter
L; it is attached by a pin or screw to a clamp adjusted on the rod of the pump,
as shewn; the lower part of this arm is furnished with a slot p, in order that
its slanting or angular surface or edge q may be adjusted to any required
angle, and held in position by means of the thumbscrew r; s is a bar of metal
running from end to end of the series of pump rods and sliding in vertical
bearings t, t, bolted to a foundation or beam ; the Drawing shews the bar
and beam broken off, in order to avoid unnecessary length. This horizontal
bar is provided with projecting studs u, shewn in dotted lines close to or behind
each pump rod, and touching the sloping or angular faces of the arm o,
severally attached to each pump rod of the engine. The bars is provided with
a vertical pin v, which descends beyond and touches against the side of the pro-
jecting stude of the apparatus previously described, which is fixed on the beam
or support accordingly. From which arrangement of parts it is evident that
the upward movement of the pump rods, when withdrawing liquid, will draw with
them the arms o, which will move the horizontal bar by means of the studs u,
thus actuating the apparatus itself by means of the descending pin v; and the
angle at which each arm is set being first regulated according to the value or
measure of the liquid respectively withdrawn by every pump by a complete
upward motion or stroke of its piston or plunger from a compound strainer or
filter, it follows that one apparatus will register the total quantity or value of
liquid drawn by the entire range of pumps in the engine. Another method is
to reverse the position of the arm o, viz., to place it with the slot uppermost,
and fix the arm to a stationary or non-working portion of the beer engine,
and a projecting stud being fixed by means of a clamp to the piston rod the
horizontal sliding bar will be actuated with the same result as in the former
case.
Another method is shewn in Fig. 4, which is drawn half size, wherein s is a
modification of the horizontal bar, having a slot running therein from end to
end, and having the projecting studs u fixed at their respective positions with
regard to the pumps by means of the thumbscrews u¹. w is a lever passing in
front of the bar s, and attached thereto by means of a moveable or sliding joint

page_text: or pin, which may be adjusted in a higher or lower position in the slot x, cut
in the lever w, so that the horizontal bar may be raised or lowered and
adjusted at any desired elevation with respect to the lever w; this lever is
curved above the pivot y, as shewn, and a vertical slot cut at its upper
extremity z, serves for the insertion of the projecting stude of the apparatus,
the front plate only of which is shewn fixed on a support t', above the bar s.
In this example the projecting stud e is shewn in its highest position upon the
arm c (Fig. 2), there being no definite situation for the insertion of the stuḍ
in the arm or lever. Now the operation of this arrangement is as follows:→
The arms o (described in Fig. 3) cause the bar and studs u to move in a hori-
zontal position, thus actuating the lever w by means of its connection therewith,
and giving it a rocking motion, which works the apparatus by means of the
slot, cut in the upper extremity of the lever w, as before described.
Many other methods of actuating the apparatus might be shewn, but the
foregoing examples are amply sufficient for all purposes; the principles on
which our Invention is based being in all cases the same.
But having now described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we would remark in
conclusion, that we do not limit ourselves to the precise or exact details herein
expressed and shewn, as the same may be varied or modified in many ways
without departing from the principles thereof; but what we claim as our
Invention, and desire to be secured to us by the herein in part recited Letters
Patent, are, the general arrangement and combination of parts constituting
"An Apparatus for Indicating and Measuring the Flow of Liquids," substan-
tially as herein specified and illustrated by the Drawings hereunto annexed.
In witness. whereof, we, the said Francis Robert Newton and Hiram Codd,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Sixteenth day of July, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness,
ALEX PRINCE,
Patent Agent,
4, Trafalgar Square.
(L.B.)
H. CODD.
(L.S.)