matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR PROCESS OF AND APPLIANCES FOR EXTRACTING GREASE
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Walter Brierley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd October 1880. A communication
from abroad by Emil Haase, of Goerlitz, Kingdom of Prussia, German
Empire.
WALTER BRIERLEY, of Halifax, in the County of York, and Blackburn, in
the County of Lancaster, Patent Agent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR
PROCESS OF AND APPLIANCES FOR EXTRACTING GREASE." A communication
from abroad by Emil Haase, of Goerlitz, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire.
The object of this Invention is to extract the grease from greasy substances by
means of benzine,, sulpho-carburet, or similar substances, and at a temperature
lower than the one of the boiling water. For this purpose the substances are
placed in a convenient vessel, which is then closed hermetically. By means of an
air pump the air in the vessel is pumped out, and then the dissoluting fluid,
benzine, sulpho-carburet, etc., poured in the vessel. Now the air-pump is brought
to action again, and so the benzine, sulpho-carburet is volatilized. The vapour
generated in this way extracts all grease from the greasy substances, and is then
condensed again by the introduction of air. The solution of grease in benzine,
sulpho-carburet, etc., is collected in the lower part of the vessel, the dissoluting
fluid volatilized again in the vacuum, and the grease remains.
This process is very important for such substances and such grease which shall
not be deteriorated by heat.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES AND IN STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES, SAID IMPROVEMENTS BEING APPLICABLE TO JARS AND SUCH LIKE HOLLOW ARTICLES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Cole at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th August 1880.
JAMES COLE, of Coventry, in the County of Warwick.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
BOTTLES AND IN STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES, SAID IMPROVEMENTS BEING APPLICABLE
TO JARS AND SUCH LIKE HOLLOW ARTICLES."
My Invention consists mainly as follows:-
As regards bottles for aerated and other liquids or gases, the top of bottle is in
the process of manufacture formed or moulded with two or more projecting
portions on the outside of the neck, such projecting portions rising above the
mouth of the bottle, and having recesses or grooves therein.
The stopper is provided with lugs which fit in these recesses on the bottle,
and hold the stopper air tight in position, such stopper being supplied with
india-rubber or other flexible washer or ring to render the bottle air tight.
When ordinary bottles are to be supplied with stoppers made in accordance with
my Invention, a band or strip of metal is secured under the ledge on neck
of bottle. To this band are secured metal clips, which act as substitutes for
the projections moulded or cast on the bottle as before described, said clips
being bent over towards the mouth of the bottle so as to hold fast the stopper
to the bottle, the stopper, being formed as before described, the projecting lugs
on the stopper being secured in position by the metal clips; or the stopper
may also have a band or clip of metal on which are secured lugs, projections,
or clips, which take under the clips fitted to the neck, and hold stopper in
position. To release stopper from bottle, all that is required is to turn the
stopper partly round, and thereby same is released. It is evident that jars and
other hollow articles having stoppers or covers may be constructed in the same
manner as above described.
AN IMPROVED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING FLOW OF WATER FROM THE CONDENSER TO THE CYLINDER OF A STEAM ENGINE
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles John Galloway and John Henry Beckwith, both
of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING FLOW OF WATER FROM THE
CONDENSER TO THE CYLINDER OF A STEAM ENGINE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles John Galloway and
John Henry Beckwith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
24th November 1880.
CHARLES JOHN GALLOWAY and JOHN HENRY BECKWITH, both of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster. "AN IMPROVED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR
PREVENTING FLOW OF WATER FROM THE CONDENSER TO THE CYLINDER OF A
STEAM ENGINE."
In condensing steam engines, particularly those which are subject to considerable
fluctuations of load, or which have their condensers little below the level of their
steam cylinders, it sometimes occurs that owing to the racing of the piston water
is drawn from the condenser. into the cylinder, and the presence of this water
during the back stroke of the piston causes serious damage. Our Invention
relates to a method and apparatus for preventing this evil. For this purpose we
arrange at any convenient part of the exhaust pipe or condenser a vessel having
within it a float connected to a valve. The float and valve are of such weight
that the valve remains closed while the float is not immersed in water, but when
the vessel contains sufficient water to give buoyancy to the float the valve is
opened, permitting water to flow out or air to pass in. Thus the water that
might otherwise find its way to the cylinder is caught and permitted to escape, or

page_text: the vacuum which is formed in the cylinder is so far reduced by admission of air
as to prevent water from being drawn into the cylinder. The float and valve
may be arranged in the condenser itself, in which case escape of water or admission
of air will be permitted whenever the water in the condenser rises above a
determined level. Also, instead of a valve, a stop cock or valve may be employed
governed by the float in the manner of a ball tap, in which case the float may be
arranged within the condenser or float vessel, whilst the stop cock or valve is
outside.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMBING WOOL OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the Office of
the Commissionors of Patents on the 14th June 1890. A communication
from abroad by Alexander Skene and Louis Devallée, both of Roubaix, in the
Republic of France, Engineers.
"
JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman. IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR COMBING WOOL OR OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS." A communication from abroad by Alexander Skene and
Louis Devallée, both of Roubaix, in the Republic of France, Engineers.
This Invention relates to improvements in the mechanism for actuating the
holder employed for holding the fibres whilst the latter are being submitted to the
action of the combs of the rectangular movement of what are termed English
combing machines. The said holder has heretofore been attached to connecting
rods provided at their extremities with friction balls carried by two pieces of cast
iron, and the pressing motion is imparted to it by oscillating levers fixed at one
extremity to the vertical slides of the rectangular motion.
This arrangement of the parts is found to be attended with certain disadvantages;
when working the rods with the balls which press upon the holder the said rods
describe arcs, and tho pressuro is not uniform in consequence, being more powerful
about the middle of the respective strokes than at the commencement and end of
making the strokes.
The two pieces of cast iron also occasion frequent repairs; moreover, the pieco
on the right fixed to the holder comes in contact with the brush, rendering it
necessary to dispense with a part of the silks of this brush precisely at the place
where they are most required for its proper working.
Now, by means of this Invention, all these disadvantages are obviated by the
employment of the improved mechanism hereinafter described.
The rods with friction balls for pressing the holder are dispensed with, as well
as the two pieces of cast iron which connect the rods to the said holder, and in lieu
thereof rollers, cylinders, or segments are employed, acting upon the flat upper sido
of the holder.
The said rollers, cylinders, or segments are carried in forks formed in one extremity
of each of two levers, oscillating on centres which are carried by brackets attached
to the side frames.
The lovers are caused to oscillate by reciprocating bars which slide vertically

page_text: in eyes or guides, being actuated by two cams fast on the extremities of a revolving
shaft.
The levers are jointed at their other extremities to screwed rods provided with
nuts for adjusting the connection of the said levers with the reciprocating bars, in
order to regulate the pressure exerted on the holder.
The holder is constantly pressed upwards by a spring which maintains it in
contact with the rollers.
A spring is also generally employed to cause the holder to return to its original
position after being moved a certain distance by the action of the carrying comb
during the rotary motion of the latter.
The reciprocating bars are drawn down by the action of springs attached to the
guides.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SUPPOSITORIES
Year: 1880

page_text: MONTGOMERY GIBBS, of 6a, Victoria Street, in the City of Westminster, Publisher.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SUPPOSITORIES." A communication to him from abroad by
Edwin Hampden Gibbs, of the City, County, and State of New York, United
States of America, Doctor of Medicine.
[Note. This being one of two applications for the same Invention, and communicated
by the same person (see also No. 2080, 22nd May 1880), H.M. Attorney-
General, deeming the case so exceptional, has allowed this application for
Letters Patent to be withdrawn.]
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROPES AND BANDS FOR DRIVING MACHINERY, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Howard Scott at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th October 1880.
JOHN HOWARD SCOTT, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN ROPES AND BANDS FOR DRIVING MACHINERY, AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES.”
This Invention has reference to improvements in the manufacture of ropes or
bands to be employed in the driving of machinery, and for other purposes.
Hitherto driving ropes or bands as manufactured have been composed wholly of
vegetable or animal fibre, or of a mixture of both, and such ropes and bands are
liable to become stretched and broken by use, besides being subject to alterations
in length. To obviate these defects I propose to introduce metallic wire into the
body of such ropes and bands. For example, in the case of ropes, I may introduce
a core of steel or other metallic wire, the said core consisting of one or any greater
number of wires or wire strands, laid singly or twisted together, extending
throughout the whole length of the rope, and forming part of it; or otherwise I
may construct each strand of the rope with a separate wire core, or I may twist
one or more wires into the rope or into the several strands thereof, by which means
the rope is strengthened, and alteration in length_prevented. In manufacturing
flat driving bands according to my Invention I incorporate wire therewith,
attaching it to the band by means of a backing, layer, or covering of solution, such,
for example, as is ordinarily used to strengthen and finish woven belts, or by other
suitable means. Where the band is composed of one or more layers of material,
the wire or wire strands may be interposed between the several layers and be
The fibres or
cemented in position, or be secured by any other suitable means.
yarns may also be laid side by side with the wire, and be bound or cemented
together, or the wire may be introduced into a backing to be afterwards secured to
the belt. The wire or wire strands, employed as herein before described, may or
may not be separately covered or served with vegetable or animal fibre. Ropes
or bands constructed in accordance with my Invention may be used for other than
driving purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BRUSH BORING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th April 1880. A communication
from abroad by Samuel Sibley Mutton, of Toronto, in the Dominion of
Canada.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of the Firm of Herbert and Company, Solicitors of
Patents, of 67, Strand, in the City of Westminster, Civil Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN BRUSH BORING MACHINES." [A communication from abroad by Samuel Sibley
Mutton, of Toronto, in the Dominion of Canada.]
The object of the Invention is to furnish an improved machine designed expressly
for boring brush blocks, and such a one as will complete the required number of
holes at their proper angles in the various patterns now in use with from one to
three operations.
The Invention consists, first, in driving the carrier plate by means of a single
crank instead of two, as heretofore, whereby the machine can be run at fully double
the usual speed, the construction of the machine is simplified and cheapened, and
the trouble of adjusting the two crank wheels to the carrier plate avoided; second,
in an adjustable table with attachments for holding the blocks, and set screws for
changing its moveable parts, whereby angles not otherwise anticipated may be
produced; third, in a sliding frame and its accessories in combination with the
adjustable table, pulley, weight, and treadle, which together form the feeding
apparatus, whose action is regulated by the will of the operator, and not by the
driving mechanism.
THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR FLUSHING DRAINS AND THE LIKE PURPOSES, AND FOR PURPOSES OF INTERMITTENT FILTRATION."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Henry Adams at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th December 1880.
22 IMPROVEMENTS IN
SAMUEL HENRY ADAMS, of Leeds, in the County of York.
THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED FOR FLUSHING DRAINS AND THE LIKE
PURPOSES, AND FOR PURPOSES OF INTERMITTENT FILTRATION."
My Invention consists of a syphon of a rectangular form, having an internal
smaller syphon, which is for the purpose of discharging, with a small flow of liquid
into the falling or outlet leg of the larger syphon. This action of the liquid through
the smaller internal syphon has the effect of quickly withdrawing the air from the
larger syphon and consequently bringing it into action.
I provide a small hole in the inlet leg of the large syphon above the point at
which the liquid is drawn off, so that directly the liquid falls in the tank below
the level of the hole it allows the ingress of air, which immediately puts the syphon
out of action until the water rises again to the right level, when the discharge
occurs again and the action is repeated.
This construction of syphon is especially applicable for automatic flushing of
sewers and house drains, for use wherever a speedy discharge and intermittent flow
is required, also for purposes of intermittent filtration. · ·
IMPROVEMENTS IN AND RELATING TO PERMANENT WAYS OF RAILROADS AND APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Seddon at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th January 1880.
THOMAS SEDDON, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN AND RELATING TO PERMANENT WAYS OF RAILROADS AND APPLIANCES CONNECTED
THEREWITH."
This Invention has for its object the supporting of the rails of permanent ways
at their joints, so as to obviate the depression of the ends of railway rails, and to
afford a continuous bearing surface underneath the rail.
My Invention consists, firstly, in a novel form of chair, which is placed under
the rail ends at their joint, so as to receive the ends of both rails. The chair is
formed to correspond with the section of the rail and to form a seat therefor, and is
of width sufficient to provide the bearing for the rail ends at their joints. On one
side the flange of the chair is thickened to receive the lug of a peculiarly formed
fish plate hereinafter referred to, and on the other side the chair may be formed
with a keyway, or provision to receive a key or its equivalent, which forms a
locking device for the nuts of the fish plate bolts. In constructing a fish plate
according to my Invention I form such fish plate with a lug, which descends down,
so as to enable it to be bolted to the joint chair. To lock the fish plate bolt nuts,
and as a modification to the key or equivalent before spoken of, I provide a plate
with holes or grooves corresponding to the class of nut, and provided with a lug or
provision to enable the locking device to be bolted or attached to the joint chair.
In operation this locking device is placed over the nuts after they are screwed up,
and is then bolted or otherwise attached to the joint chair.
In the laying of a permanent way according to my Invention I arrange the
sleepers so that one sleeper will come under the joint chair, and the following
sleepers be spaced at two feet centres from the joint chair sleeper. To ensure the
joint chair sleeper recovering its position after the passage of a train which may
have depressed it, the joint chair sleeper may be rigidly attached to the neigh-
bouring sleepers by metal plates or equivalent attachments.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF STEEL
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Haldeman at the Office of tho
Commissioners of Patents on the 26th April 1880.
JOHN HALDEMAN, of New York, in the United States of America, temporarily
residing at Holles Street, in the County of Middlesex. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
TREATMENT OF STEEL."
This Invention relates to the production of a metal of a high character, of great
strength, and of great ductility.
In carrying out my Invention I take steel in any convenient form, either in
bars or scrap, and place the same in an ordinary heating furnace, and apply thereto
a sufficient degree of heat to practically decarbonize the steel, allowing the material
to cool gradually, the result being a metal of great strength and ductility, applicable
to various purposes.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN POTATO DIGGERS OR LIFTERS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Kirkpatrick at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd June 1880.
JOHN KIRKPATRICK, of Dumfries, in the County of Dumfries, Foreman to
Alexander Thompson, of Queensbury Iron Works, Dumfries aforesaid. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN POTATO DIGGERS OR LIFTERS."
The said Invention relates to improvements in potato diggers or lifters, and has
for its objects to separate the inould from the potatoes and throw the said potatoes
in line on the surface of the field, so that they are more readily gathered, and so
that the mould does not fall on the top of them.
According to the said Invention a shaker, screen, or riddle (formed of rods or
bars, or the like) is attached to the framing of the machine so that a jogging or
tilting movement can be given to it. The said shaker is situated in line with the
prongs, the end of the said shaker nearest the tail of the machine being at a lower
level than that nearest the front of the machine, the said part of the shaker at this
lower level being near to or touching the ground. The tilting movement may be
given to the shaker from the driving mechanism by means of a tilt wheel or chain
band, or its equivalent, operating upon an arm attached to the said shaker, or other
means of effecting the said tilting may be employed. When the machine is in
operation the potatoes are thrown upon the slinker, those which are thrown highest
being received upon the highest part of the said shaker. The mould by the
movement of the shaker is separated from the potatoes and falls through the shaker,
the potatoes running down the said shaker and being delivered in line upon the
surface of the field.
AN IMPROVED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING HYDROCARBONS FROM COAL, SHALE, AND OTHER CARBONACEOUS MATTER
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Imray at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th August 1880. A communication from
abroad by Reiner Rieth, of Bonn, in the German Empire.
JOHN IMRAY, of No. 28, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex.
"AN IMPROVED METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DISTILLING HYDROCARBONS FROM
COAL, SHALE, AND OTHER CARBONACEOUS MATTER." [A communication from
abroad by Reiner Rieth, of Bonn, in the German Empire.]
This Invention relates to a method and apparatus for distilling hydrocarbons
from coal, shale, and other carbonaceous matter. The coal or carbonaceous matter
to be treated is placed in a retort and heated to a moderate heat. The retort has
opening from it two pipes, an inlet and an outlet pipe; the outlet pipe leads to coolers,
in which the products of distillation are partially condensed, the condensed matters
being collected in suitable vessels with which the coolers communicate.
uncondensed portions of the products are drawn by a pump or fan, and caused to
pass again through the retort in contact with the heated carbonaceous matter, from
which they take up a fresh portion of condensable matter, and thus the products
of distillation are caused to circulate through the retort and the coolers until the
material in the retort is exhausted.
The
IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, SUNSHADES, AND LIKE WEATHER PROTECTORS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Mac Millan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st January 1880.
ALEXANDER MAC MILLAN, of the City of London, Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN UMBRELLAS, SUNSHADES, AND LIKE WEATHER PROTECTORS."
This Invention relates to improvements on an Invention for which Letters Patent
were granted to me, dated the Eighth day of May, One thousand eight hundred
and seventy eight, number 1854; the object of the present improvements being to
simplify and strengthen the construction of certain parts of the frames of umbrellas,
sunshades, and like weather protectors; the improvements also having for object to
allow the umbrella to be rolled up so as to occupy but small compass, and thus
improve the shape of the umbrella when closed.
In carrying out my present improvements I construct the stretchers of corrugated
sheet steel, and I form the ribs of semi-tubular steel, so that when closed the
stretchers fit into and over the edges of the ribs, thus allowing the ribs to fit nearly
close to the stick when the umbrella is closed.
I form that part of the ribs to which the stretchers are jointed with a "gate,"
and the ends of the stretchers are constructed to fit into the "gate," the joint pin
passing through the "gate" and the end of the stretcher in such a manner that the
joint shall not project beyond the rib, but is contained therein instead of projecting
therefrom as usual. The end of the stretcher may, if found advantageous, be
formed eccentrically, and a spring be adapted thereto to assist in ensuring the
closing of the stretcher within the rib when the umbrella is shut.
Instead of forming the ends of the stretchers and ribs, which are jointed
respectively to the runner and top notch, with rollers, as described in the Specifica-
tion of my former said Letters Patent, I now form them with a bolt fitting
into corresponding bearings within the runner and top notch, which arrangement
allows the runner and top notch to be made of smaller dimensions than hitherto.
AN IMPROVED TILL FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPT OF MONEY AND PREVENTING FRAUD."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Steer at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 14th April 1880.
ALFRED STEER, of No. 144, Fleet Street, in the City of London. "AN IMPROVED
TILL FOR CHECKING THE RECEIPT OF MONEY AND PREVENTING FRAUD."
This till or receptacle for money may be made of any convenient shape according
to the place in which it is to be used.
For the counter of a shop I prefer to make it in the form of a desk, so that it
serves a twofold purpose.
Within the desk is a drawer, which is fastened by a
catch, the said catch being connected with a shoot placed in front of the desk or till
facing the customer. A number of tablets made of wood or any other suitable
material are prepared; these tablets exactly fit the shoot. Near the top of the
shoot is a small pane of glass, through which the figures on the tablet can be seen
by the customer; the clerk at the desk writes on a tablet the amount of the account
about to be paid and places the tablet in the shoot with the figures towards the
glass. The act of pressing the tablet into the shoot presses the end of the catch
which holds the drawer and releases it. At the back of the drawer are placed one,
two, or more springs which press the draw out directly the catch is released. The
clerk then places the amount of money which he receives into the drawer, and
ahuts it, when it cannot be again opened until another tablet is put into the shoot.
Nor can a tablet be taken out of the shoot once it is put in as a small catch holds
it. The bottom of the shoot opens into a compartment locked, the key of which
can be kept by the master or manager.
Only by opening this lock can access be had to the interior of the till. At the
end of the day, or at any other suitable time the lock is oponed by the person
having the key; the tablets are taken out, and put in a row when they will shew three
rows of figures, which can be easily added up, the total being the amount received
by the clerk. Thus if he even abstracted money from the till while it was open
momentarily to put the money in, the amount registered against him would still
be shewn by the addition of the figures on the tablets. One side of the
tablets may be chalked, so that the pencilled figures can easily be rubbed out, and
the tablet used again. If change is required to be given the clerk can give the

page_text: necessary amount out of the drawer when open, and can write the amount so
given out on a tablet of a different colour. This facilitates the balancing of the
accounts.
By a slight modification this till can be adapted to omnibuses, tram cars, pay
boxes of music halls, and other places where money is received and a check is
necessary.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the sald George Keighley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th January 1880.
GEORGE KEIGHLEY, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
The object of this Invention is to prevent the contraction of the cloth or web
between the reed and taking up roller whilst it is being woven, and this I
accomplish by dispensing with the ordinary breast beam, and in substituting
therefor a roller which by preference is used as the taking-up roller.
A lateral rib
or stay may be placed across the loom behind the taking up roller so as to strengthen
the framework to the same degree as the breast beam.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, and of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by the said George Keighley in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 22nd July 1880.
GEORGE KEIGHLEY, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
The object of this Invention is to prevent the contraction of the cloth or web
between the reed and taking-up roller whilst it is being woven, and this I accom-
plish by dispensing with the ordinary breast-beam, and in substituting therefor a
roller which by preference is used as the taking-up roller. A lateral rib or stay
may be placed across the loom behind the taking-up roller so as to strengthen the
framework to the same degree as the breast beam.
In order that the Invention may be better understood, reference is given to the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings illustrative thereof. Fig. 1 is end elevation of
such parts of a loom as is necessary to shew my Invention, and Fig. 2 is cross
section of same. A is the taking-up roller, which occupies the position hitherto
held by the breast-beam, and B is the cloth roller upon which the cloth is wound
as it is woven. It will be seen that the cloth or web passes direct onto the taking-
up roller, by which means the cloth is not so likely to contract as is the case when
it passes over the breast-beam, and afterwards onto the taking-up roller, as at
present in use. Although I have only shewn two rollers, it is obvious that two
or more may be employed. C is the lateral rib or stay placed between the two
end frames for strengthening the framework.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my Invention, I would have
it understood that what I believe to be new, and therefore claim as my Invention,
is,―
The use and employment of the roller A in lieu of the breast beam, substantially
for the purpose herein shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Keighley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Thirteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty.
ATA
TRTATTY W
GEO. KEIGHLEY. (LS.)
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH SELVEDGE CLIPS OR DRAGS AND TEMPLES FOR LOOMS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip James Evans and Henry
James Hogg King at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th
April 1880.
PHILIP JAMES EVANS, of Brimscoinbe, in the County of Gloucester, and HENRY
JAMES HOGG KING, of Newmarket, in the same County. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR
CONNECTED WITH SELVEDGE CLIPS OR DRAGS AND TEMPLES FOR LOOMS."
The Invention has for its object to provide for use in looms, either in combi-
nation with temples or separately, improved mechanism for taking hold of the
selvedges of the cloth, and drawing them towards the breast beam or take-up
roller.
Hitherto it has been common to use for the purpose referred to hooks attached
to cords which pass over the ends of the take-up roller, or over pulleys to weights.
It is to avoid the injury produced by these hooks that the present improved
mechanism is principally designed, and in one modification this mechanism consists
of a clip in the form of a block made with a fixed jaw which passes under the
selvedge, and a movable jaw which is above the selvedge, and which is jointed to
the block eccentrically as regards a curved nipping edge formed on it.
weighted cord is attached to the movable jaw, and when acting makes it grip the
selvedge whilst drawing it forward. A handle is fixed on the movable jaw,
and when the clip has moved forward some distance it is returned back to the
starting point by incans of the handle, the jaws being then opened to allow the clip
to pass casily along the cloth.
The
În a second modification the clip consists of a doubled or looped piece of spring
metal made with lateral projections which form the upper and under jaws. The
face of one or of each jaw may be serrated, the serrations being slanted so as to
catch when moving forward, but relieving themselves when being moved back. A
handle is fixed on the upper part, and the weighted cord is attached to the loop,
which is directed forwards.
In a third modification there is placed beneath each selvedge a narrow roller
having a number of projecting pin points, and a guard or guide is placed above the
selvedge to keep the cloth in contact with the primed roller. The roller has imparted
to it a tendency to turn in the take-up direction by a ratchet wheel and lever, the
latter being weighted or acted on by a spring, and whenever the lever descends to

page_text: a certain point it is returned to its starting point by a reciprocating piece moved
by the lathe or other suitable part, or the lover may be moved back a little at each
stroke of the lathe.
Instead of moving the primed rollers by means of one or more levers having a
comparatively short travel they may be moved by means of a barrel or spindle and 5
weighted cord or spring, which will require winding up only at long intervals.
The primed rollers may be set at a slight angle so as to have a breadthening action
on the selvedges.
FACILITATING THE ATTACHMENT OF JOINERY WORK TO BRICKWORK."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Smith at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd September 1880.
"IMPROVED MEANS FOR
ARTHUR SMITH, of Reading, in the County of Berks.
FACILITATING THE ATTACHMENT OF JOINERY WORK TO BRICKWORK."
Hitherto the attachment of joinery work to brickwork has been effected by
inserting in or nailing to the walls blocks or fillets of wood, to which the skirting
boards and other wood work have been attached by nails or screws. Such blocks
however have a tendency to shrink, become loose, and leave the wall, and the nails
also for attaching the fillet to the brick work draw out, leaving the wood work
attached thereto without any support.
Now the chief object of this Invention is to prevent this inconvenience and
provide means for securely holding skirting boards, dados, door jambs, window
frames, and any other parts of joinery work in place.
To this end I insert in the courses of brickwork, at points where the attachment
of joinery work to the walls is likely to be required, specially formed bricks,
carrying keys or blocks of wood, to which the joiner's work is to be attached.
The brick is formed with a dove tail, wedge-shaped, or rebated recess in its face,
of a depth, say, of half the depth of the brick, and of a length of about two thirds
the width of the brick, and to receive a key or block of wood of corresponding
shape. This key I prefer should be of greater thickness than the depth of the
recess, so that it may lie flush with the mortar or cement applied to the brick, and
thus permit of the superposed brick resting directly upon it and holding it securely
in its place.
The interlocking form of the block serves to prevent it from being drawn out of
the wall.
In some cases this block will protrude from the back, and at others be flush
therewith, according to its position in the wall; thus for skirting boards it should
extend beyond the side of the brick a distance equal to the thickness of the coat of
plaster to be put on the walls, while for door jambs it should be flush with the side
of the brick.
It will be convenient to insert a course or courses of bricks, fitted as above
explained, into walls which are intended to or are likely to receive holdfasts for
curtain poles, picture frame rods, and similar supports.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE USE OF PARAFFIN, KEROSINE, AND OTHER MINERAL OILS FOR ILLUMINATING PURPOSES, AND IN LAMPS FOR BURNING THE SAME."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Angus Mackay at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th September 1880.
"
ANGUS MACKAY, of Queensland, Australia, Journalist. IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
USE OF PARAFFIN, KEROSINE, AND OTHER MINERAL OILS FOR ILLUMINATING
PURPOSES, AND IN LAMPS FOR BURNING THE SAME."
By this discovery and Invention the oil is, by means of the lamp herein after
described, and named "The Australian Safety Illuminating Lamp," brought into
combination with the full proportion of atmospheric air, it is capable of taking up
or amalgamating with.
The lamp, and any part of same, may bo of glass, porcelain, metal or other
material.
The oil is placed in a receiver or holder of any desired size or form, and apart
from the burner or light. Said receiver is fitted with a ground in or other valve
of metal, or other material, and said valve is so adjusted by means of a set screw or
regulator operated from the top of the receiver, or both, that only the quantity of
oil being used by the light, and no more, flows out. As it leaves the valve, which is
self-acting after adjustment by the regulator, the oil is met by a full supply of
atmospheric air, and then flows through a horizontal tube. The tube is of half-inch
internal diameter, and of inch length as may be required; but larger or smaller
tube may be used. At the end of the tube opposito to the receiver the oil and air
meet a circular or other wick of cotton or other material. Upon the wick the oil
and air expand and rise by capillary attraction, and at the point of combustion
outside and inside columns of air meet the flame, and ensure a rich, smokeless,
perfect light.
"
For this Invention it is claimed that the oil, as mixed with air, flows by
gravitation and by capillary attraction through the said horizontal tube or tubes
from the oil receptacle to the illuminating point or flame. The flow is controlled
by the said valve and regulator. There is no head or pressure of oil upon the wick
or flame, and no risk of overflowing, or explosion, or danger from fire, while the
illuminating power is vastly increased.
By means of a circular or other lever, upon which the globe or shade of the lamp
may rest, the light can be increased or lowered at pleasure.

page_text: The oil receiver, burner, and horizontal tube, of the said lamp revolve upon a
pedestal, stand, or shaft, forming the base of the lamp. They are also made to
expand from the same; or other pattern or patterns may be used. The horizontal
tube of the table, reading, or other lamps, passes through a closed hand (which is
adopted as the trade mark of "The Australian Safety Illuminating Lamp" as
described,
The said lamp may have one or more lights, and may be constructed as a table
lamp, a chandelier, or otherwise, and for domestic use, for reading, pulpit, church,
billiard light, or other purposes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SELVAGES OR EDGES OF COTTON VELVETS OR VELVETEENS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Harvey Heywood at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd November 1880.
HARVEY HEYWOOD, of Tonge, in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SELVAGES OR EDGES OF COTTON VELVETS OR
VELVETEENS."
Cotton velvets or velveteens as usually manufactured are woven from yarn in
the grey state, and after the cutting or preparing of the pile threads are dyed
black or any other desired colour, consequently in selvage or edge of the piece of
velvet or velveteen remains the same colour as the body of the fabric, which causes
the same to have a somewhat common or mean effect to the eye.
Now although many improvements have been made to the body of the fabrics
above referred to, nevertheless the selvage hitherto has not been correspondingly
improved, which detracts from the appearance and consequently from the value of
these goods in the piece.
The object of my improvements is to treat the selvages or edges of velvets and
velveteens in such a manner that they shall have somewhat the appearance of silk
velvet selvages or edges and thus comport more with the already and generally
improved character of cotton velvets and velveteens.
To accomplish this and to carry out my improvements I operate upon the fabrics
referred to after the same have been dyed, and either before or after the same have
received the final finish by brushing or otherwise. The operation consists of
subjecting the selvages to a process whereby silk, cotton, linen, wool, or other
threads are commingled or interspersed amongst the threads already woven in the
selvage or edge of the fabric.
I effect the aforesaid commingling or interspersion of new or additional threads
side by side or over and above those already woven into the selvages or edges by
means of apparatus of the character of the ordinary sewing machine, but with the
feed and tension motion thereof altered so as to allow the threads being put into
the fabric in such a manner as to lie on the surface of the fabric to as great an
extent as possible. The "Bonaz" machine may be also modified for this purpose,
and a simple form of the same thing can be accomplished by hand. 1 am aware
that velvets and velveteens have been embroidered and ornamented both by

page_text: machine and hand in numerous ways and by various means, but these are entirely
different from this my present Invention, which mainly consists in the addition or
commingling of silk or other threads with the threads already woven in the
selvages or edges of cotton velvets or velveteens after the same have been dyed, so
as to improve by contrast the general appearance of the body of the fabrics and
consequently to enhance their value, such being accomplished in the manner
already described.
A NEW OR IMPROVED SYSTEM OF FOLDING JOINTS PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO SEATS AND TABLES."
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Narcisse Descourtils at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st May 1880.
NARCISSE DESCOURTILS, of Paris, in the Department of the Seine and Republic
of France. "A NEW OR IMPROVED SYSTEM OF FOLDING JOINTS PARTICULARLY
APPLICABLE TO SEATS AND TABLES."
My Invention relates to improvements upon the ordinary system of jointing
folding seats, chairs, and tables, and particularly upon that of Mr. Evereckxe, who
uses for his folding seats and tables a system of folding joints considerably increasing
their cost.
My improvements will be best understood by reference to the accompanying
Sheet of Drawing forming part of this my Provisional Specification, upon which
Figure 1 represents a folding seat upon system with its modifications, and
Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5 show the various parts of the improvement in the details
of iron work or fastenings.
A piece of wood c (Figs. 1 and 2) having its ends of the shape of an inverted
triangle c' serves at the same time to stop the half of the lower feet or supports
and of the upper ones. The right angle plates d, d, are fixed upon its ends and serve
to secure the supports.
Four feet b, b, b¹¹, 6111 (Fig. 1) are made of two plates or pieces of wood united
at the bottom by a wooden part. They are pierced at the top with a hole, into
which passes a bolt e, e', which holds them (for working) to the angle irons d, d',
of the piece of wood c (Figs. 1, 2, 3). The same feet are united at their base by
cross pieces K, K' (Fig. 1).
On one side in each of the feet is placed a plate f,f¹, pierced at one end with a
hole into which passes the bolt e, which, as above stated, secures the feet to the
angle iron, and at the other end the iron work is fixed by a pin e¹.
The two plates f,f³, screwed to the seat A serve to support it and for its
developement or unfolding.
On the other side, set in the feet like the others, and like them held at one
by the bolt e, are placed (see Fig. 1) two other plates f,f¹, united by a crosspiece K
fixed by two screws which (when the seat is folded) lie in two notches i made in
the inner plates of the feet. These plates, by means of a pin h formed at the other
end receive the seats A (Fig. 1), which is pierced with two holes in which the
plates ff, engage by their pin h, h¹, to keep the seat open.

page_text: The stool being open as at Fig. 1, and the pieceA down upon the feet to form
seat, in order to insure the equilibrium and prevent any coming apart I provide
the upper crosspiece with a hook o to fix the seat A.
A stop-piece p (Figs. 1 and 2) at the back of the crosspiece Centers a notch in
the seat A.
A fastening e' (Figs. 1 and 5) is fixed to the end of the plates f,f¹.
I desire it to be understood that this system of folding is also applicable to the
manufacture of tables.
A NEW OR IMPROVED SELF-HEATING SMOOTHING IRON
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Norris at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd September 1880.
ALFRED NORRIS, of Finsbury Park, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman,
"A NEW OR IMPROVED SELF-HEATING SMOOTHING IRON."
This Invention relates to a new or improved self-heating smoothing iron.
According to my Invention both top and bottom of the iron are finished for the
smoothing process, and the iron is slung in the handle so that it may be turned over
at will. To heat the iron a lamp (spirit or otherwise), is introduced in any suitable
way that it will not be affected by the turning over of the iron. On the upper side
being heated the iron is turned over so that the heated surface is downwards and
the ironing or smoothing process begins. By the time the lower surface is cooled
the upper has become well heated, and the iron is then again turned over,
and the process continued. When the iron and handle are in the correct relative
position a suitable catch binds the two, so that there is no vibration or other
motion between them. The lamp may be slung on a centre within the iron or be
otherwise suitably introduced or applied.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONIC APPARATUS
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Herbert William Higgins
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th March 1880.
FREDERICK HERBERT WILLIAM HIGGINS, of 17 and 18, Cornhill, in the City of
London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEPHONIC APPARATUS."
The transmitter consists of a diaphragm, to the centre of which is attached a
spindle; this spindle passes through a rod of carbon, the ends of which rest on two
blocks of carbon which are situated between the rod and the diaphragm. The
rod is pressed inwards and outwards by two spiral springs on the spindle, which is
provided with nuts so that the pressure of the springs can be adjusted.
The effect of pressure upon the diaphragm is to diminish the pressure on the
carbon; by this means the risk of opening the circuit attending a light contact
adjustment of the carbons is avoided, and the normal pressure may be considerable.
The variation in resistance takes place at two points, and is therefore double that of
an arrangement in which only a single place of contact is employed.
For the receiver I employ an ordinary Bell telephone, constructed to sound loudly
and clearly by the following means:-The energy of the vibration is increased by
enormously increasing the permanent magnetic stress upon the diaphragm ; and in
order that the latter may not produce extra tones it is made compound, either two
or more iron plates being cemented together, or a piece of cardboard or other
material stuck on the upper and under surface of the iron, except where it faces
the magnet. As magnetism is sluggish in comparison with the rate of vibration
required to reproduce vocal tones, the electro-magnetic coil is made of about 1/8 inch
in thickness only, the diameter being of no consequence.
An iron core is employed to the coil on account of its greater magnetic
capacity, and it is split to the centre to prevent the circulation of induced
currents.
The call signal is made by opening the door of the transmitter when about to
send a message, and that which I employ is produced by the ordinary make
and break of an induction coil, the secondary wire of which is in the line
circuit.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONCENTRATING THE LIGHT UPON ANY GIVEN OBJECT, WHICH INVENTION IS PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL: SPECIFICATION left by Rowland Bourne at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th June 1880.
ROWLAND BOURNE, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR THE PURPOSE OF CONCENTRATING THE LIGHT
UPON ANY GIVEN OBJECT, WHICH INVENTION IS PARTICULARLY APPLICABLE TO
SEWING MACHINES."
This Invention consists in enclosing the light within a metal covering containing
upon one side of it a circular opening, in which may be placed a lens; within this
case or covering upon the opposite side of the light is placed a reflector of metal or
glass, pivotted so that it can be adjusted to any angle to throw the concentrated
light which passes through the opening containing the lens upon any object within
focus. To adapt this lamp to sewing machines, for which it will be found
exceedingly useful for throwing the light directly upon the needle and work, I use
by preference a bent arm, consisting at one end of a tubular piece, which fits
over the spool carrier, and has attached to it a projecting bar to act as a substitute
for the spool carrier on the machine. To the other end of this bent arm I attach a
carrier for the lamp, jointed to the arm, so as to allow of the lamp being placed in
any required position.
Or an arm or bracket can be used, with or without a cramp, to attach the lamp
to the table or to any piece of furniture, or the lamp made to stand upon the
table.