IMPROVE- MENTS IN SAWING MACHINERY
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to David Thomson, of Johnstonc, in the County of
Renfrew, North Britain, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN SAWING MACHINERY,"
Sealed the 4th June 1869, and dated the 5th December 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said David Thomson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th December 1868.
I, DAVID THOMSON, of Johnstone, in the County of Renfrew, North
Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWING MACHINERY," to be as follows, that is to
say:-
This Invention relates to arrangements for adjusting and working
the feeding and guiding rollers, and also to other details of sawing
machinery.
The feeding and guiding arrangements are more particularly
adapted for circular saw benches and band sawing machines, and
comprise improved appliances for sawing up deals or battens into board's
of equal or unequal thicknesses. There are one, two, or more pairs of

page_text: vertical feed rollers, and each roller or pair is held in an upper frame,
which is movable horizontally on a lower slide adjustable horizontally
upon the main framing. Levers acted upon by a weight or weights or
springs, and having their fulcra on the lower slides, press the upper
frames towards cach other, so as to make the rollers grip the deal or
batten passing between them. The lower slides are adjusted by horizon-
tal spindles, which are geared together by equal spur wheels so as to
move the slides equally to or from the centre line. One of the spur
wheels is connected to its spindle with a cone clutch which can be
loosened when it is wished to adjust the slides independently of each
other. The spindles of the feed rollers project downwards, and have
bevil wheels on their lower ends in gear with bevil wheels on transverse
horizontal shafts below, the latter bevil wheels travelling on their shafts
(with keys and grooves,) to accommodate themselves to the positions of
the rollers. These feeding details are all arranged so that the wood has
not to pass under any part of the framing or details, and they can be at
any time removed and an ordinary fence substituted. The saw bench
is also formed with guides for a slide carrying a second circular or band
saw-with-its-driving-pulleys, for use--when-a-deal-or-batten is to be cut
into three boards, this second saw being placed so as to act on the
wood just after it passes the first saw.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said David Thomson in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 4th June 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DAVID
THOMSON, of Johnstone, in the County of Renfrew, North Britain,
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand cight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said David Thomson, Her special licence that
I, the said David Thomson, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said David Thomson, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and

page_text: no others, from time to time and at all times thercafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN SAWING MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said David Thomson, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of tho
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said David Thomson, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement in writing, reference being had to
the accompanying Drawings, that is to say :-
My said Invention relates to arrangements for adjusting and working
the feeding and guiding rollers, and also to other details of sawing
machinery.
My improved feeding and guiding arrangements are more particularly
adapted for circular saw benches and band sawing machines, and
comprise improved appliances for sawing up deals or battens into boards
of equal or unequal thicknesses.
And in order that my said Invention and the manner of performing
the same may be properly understood, I have hereunto appended a Sheet
of explanatory Drawings to be herein-after referred to and representing
a circular saw bench as provided with my improved details.
Figure 1 is a plan of the machine; Figure 2 a side elevation, and
Figure 3 a transverse vertical section.
The main framing of the machine is a table or bench 1 of iron, cast
in one piece, the circular saw 2 being arranged to work up through a
slot in the top of it in the usual way. There are two pairs of vertical
feed rollers 3, and each pair is held in an upper frame 4, which is mov-
able horizontally on a lower slide 5, adjustable horizontally upon guides 6
fixed to the main framing. Levers 7, 8, carried on centres on the lower
slides 5, 5, serve to press the upper frames 4, 4, towards each other so

page_text: as to make the rollers grip the deal or batten passing between them.
One lever 7 acts directly against the inside of the inner flange of its
upper frame 4, and this lever is made with a horizontal arm 9, to which
a weight 10 is applied. The other lever 8 acts on its frame 4, through
a small horizontal lever 11, to reverse its motion, and has its bottom con-
nected by an adjustable screw rod 12, to the bottom of the other lever 7,
so that the one weight acts equally on both levers and ensures the
holding of the deal or batten accurately in the centre. The lower.
slides 5, 5, are adjusted by horizontal screw spindles 13, 14, which are
geared together by equal spur wheels 15, 16, so as to move the slides 5, 5,
equally to or from the centre line, One, 15, of the spur wheels is con-
nected to its spindle by a cone clutch, that is to say, it is formed with
a conical eye to fit a conical boss on the spindle on which it is tightened
by a two-handled screw nut 17, so that it can be loosened when it is
wished to adjust the slides 5, 5, independently of each other. The
spindles of the food rollers 3 project downwards and have bevil
wheels 18 on their lower ends in gear with bevil wheels 19 on
transverse horizontal shafts 20 below the latter bevil wheels, travelling
on their shafts: (with keys-and-grooves) to--accommodate-themselves-to-
the positions of the rollers 3. The horizontal shafts 20, have fast on
them spur wheels, indicated by red circles in Figure 2, which are
actuated by a pinion on a short, shaft 21, and this shaft has on it a spur
wheel 22, in gear with a pinion on a short shaft 23, fitted with differently
sized pulleys to receive a belt from similar pulloys on a shaft 24 at the
other end of the machine. The last-mentioned shaft 24 is driven by
means of a belt from the shaft of the circular saw 2.
The various feeding details are all arranged, as will be obvious from
the drawing, so that the wood has not to pass under any part of the
framing or details, and they can be at any time removed and an
ordinary fence be substituted, the space in the table top being covered
with a plate.
When the machine is required for cutting a deal or batten into three
boards I make the additions to it which are indicated by dotted lines at
the right-hand sides of Figures 1 and 2, and with which a second
saw 25 may be made to act on the wood just after it passes the first
The additions consist of guides 26, fixed below the table top to
receive a slide 27, provided with bearings for the shaft of the second
saw 25, and arranged to be adjusted by a hand wheel 28, which works
saw.

page_text: between flanges or brackets on the under side of the slide and upon a
screwed spindle fixed to the main framing. An overhung pulley 20 is
fixed on the saw shaft to be actuated by a belt from a shaft overhead,
and when making the machine with two saws I prefer to drive both
from the same overhead shaft with the fast and loose pulleys on it so
that both saws can be started and stopped simultaneously. When the
second saw is provided the bench is made longer as indicated by the
dotted lines in Figure 1. An endless band saw may of course be
substituted for the second circular saw as well as for the first one.
Having thus particularly described my said Invention and the manner
in which the same is to be performed I have to state that I do not
restrict myself to the precise details hercin described or delineated,
but that what I believe to be novel and original, and claim as the
Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent, is, the arranging and combining together of the parts of
sawing machinery in the improved manner substantially as herein-before
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said David Thomson, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Third day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand cight hundrod and sixty-nine.
5
Witness,
EDMUND HUNT,
Patent Agent,
Glasgow.
DAVID THOMSON. (L.S.)