IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND MEANS OF BURNING CONCRETE FATTY MATTERS
Year: 1840

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
MOTLEY, of Bath Villa, Totterdown, in the City' of Bristol, Civil Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent 'Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Seventh day of September, in the fourth year of Her reign!
did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Thomas Motley, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said Thomas Motley, my exors, admors, and authori, or such
others as I, the said Thomas Motley, my exors, admors, and assigns; or .such
others as I, the said Thomas Motley, my exors, adiñors, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all ¡timės 'during
the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, and in all Her Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad; my In;
vention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND MEANS OF BURNING CONCRETE
FATTY MATTERS;" in which said Letters, Patent is containedia proviso that
I, the said Thomas Motley, shall cause a particular description of the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within'six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto, had, will more fully
and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, 1, the said
Thomas Motley, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon
(that is to say) :-
The annexed Drawings represent one of each kind of lamp, constructed
so as to be applicable to the burning either simple or compound inflammable
fatty substances, which I denominate the "Albion Lamp."
No. 1 represents what I call the single chambered, to the details of which
I refer to the Drawings. This kind may be used without having any auxiliary
light underneath the chamber, as in Plan No. 2. The mode of preparing it
is as follows-Having inserted the prepared wick in the aperture provided
(which is supplied with the moulded tallow, or compound of fatty materials),
then put in a cake of material, and, in the first instance, either hold the lamp
to the fire or apply a flame to the bottom of for a minute or two, untill a
portion of the cake is dissolved, and then put in another cake; it will thus be
ready for immediate use. But, however, if it is not required to be immediately
lighted, but put away until cold, then the plan of lighting is as follows:-
Turn the chamber across the stand, and then apply a candle at the bottom of
the air shaft, so as for the flame to rise through it, for about one minute, or
until that portion of the lamp is too hot to hold between the fingers; then
light and regulate the cotton wick, suitable to the light required to be burnt,
with or without glasses.
.
No. 2 represents 'what I term "The Fountain Chambered Lamp," as shewn
in the Drawings, to prepare which it only requires that the top or cap of the
tube or fountain be unscrewed, and the moulded tallow or compounded materials
be inserted, and then the top or cap to be screwed tightly down, so as to
prevent the air entering at the top, otherwise it will be apt to overflow. To
light it immediately, or at any future time, light the auxiliary light, which
is placed under, allowing it to burn a few minutes until the tallow is observed
to be liquid in the recess at the top of the chamber, and until the part
holding the wick is too hot to hold between the fingers. The time of lighting
this kind may be much shortened by turning the chamber across the stand,
using the auxiliary light, and apply a flame to the air shaft, in the same
manner as for No. 1, which will reduce the time required for lighting at
least one half.
There are three parts of the Invention which I claim to be new :-
First, the applying an auxiliary light under the chamber, for the purpose
of rendering the concrete substance liquid, for the object of first lighting

page_text: the lamp; as soon as that is accomplished, the auxiliary light is extin-
guished.
Second, the applying two, three, or more wick holders to the outer edge
of the chamber, with circular half round or oblong air shafts, on the inside
towards the chamber, as shewn in the annexed Drawings, which air shafts
help to improve the light, although, the lamp will burn with or without air
shafts or glasses, but of course better with.
Third, the plan of attaching a small plate over the air shaft, which I term
a liquifier, or heat communicators, and may be of any form adapted for that
purpose, see Drawings.
I propose to supply the public with pure tallow, or compounded fatty
concretes, moulded to suit the various sizes and descriptions of lamps, with
properly prepared cotton wicks, which said wicks should be renewed after they
have been burnt for seven or eight hours, though for the fountain kind the
same cotton may be burnt several nights; it is however better to put in new
ones, because the light will be more brilliant.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
The same figures or letters of reference in the several Drawings apply to
the same parts wherever they occur.
No. 1, Figure 1, represents a vertical section through the centre of the lamp,
shewing the cavity for the tallow, section of the wick, &c. Figure 2, a plan of
the same.
A is the semicircular or flat wick; B, the air shaft; C, the cavity
for the tallow; D, section of cups for receiving any drops of grease or
dirt that may drop from the light; E, cover to be taken off for putting in the
tallow; F, a piece of metal for communicating heat to the tallow cavity; G,
the pillar or stand of any suitable design or construction.
No. 2, Figure 3, a vertical section through the centre of the lamp.
Figure 4, a plan of the same. G represents the fountain or cavity for the
tallow; H is the cover screwed on air-tight after a moulded piece of tallow
has been put in; I, channels of communication from the fountain to the light;
J, the cotton wicks; K, the ascending air shaft; L is the liquifier for com-
municating heat to the tallow; M is the pillar or stand; N is the socket
for receiving a piece of candle which I call the auxiliary candle, for the
purpose of melting the tallow, which may be pushed up and down like a
common candlestick.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Motley, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-one.
THOMAS (L.S.) MOTLEY

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Sixth day of March, in the year
of our Lord 1841, the aforesaid Thomas Motley came before our said Lady
the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing "therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Sixth day of March, in the year of our 'Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-one.
Inrolled the Sixth day of March, in the year of our 'Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-one.