IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TILLING LAND
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Hayes, of Stoney Stratford, in the
County of Buckingham, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TILLING LAND”
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Hayes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th August 1872.
I, EDWARD HAYES, of Stoney Stratford, in the County of Bucking-
5.ham, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR TILLING LAND," to be as
follows:-
.
The
My improvements relate, first, to a windlass for drawing a plough,
cultivator, harrow, drill, or other implement over the ground.
windlass frame is made of wrought iron on the girder principle; it is
mounted on two or four wheels, and constructed to be drawn by a horse
or by a traction engine. The said windlass has a shaft which carries three
driving pullies and two drums; the central pulley is a loose pulley, and the
two outer pullies are fast. Each of these two outer pullies has on its boss
a bevel wheel which gears into another bevel wheel formed or fixed upon

page_text: .
a long boss or sleeve; this boss also carries another bevel wheel
larger than the first wheel. The said boss is bored to fit and revolve
upon a short shaft, and the large bevel wheel is geared with a bevel
wheel on the drum. By this arrangement of gearing I communicate
motion to each of the winding drums alternately as the driving belt or
strap is moved from one fast pulley to the other. The moving of the
strap is effected by means of a bar which carries the strap. guide; the
said bar is connected to springs which tend to keep it on the loose
pulley; it is held to keep the strap on either of the fast pullies by a
lock bolt, but will be thrown upon the loose pulley when the said bolt
is drawn.
.
The said improvements relate, secondly, to what I term a self-moving
anchor, that is to say, an anchor which is moved by the pressure of the
traction rope during the passage of the plough or other implement
across the field. The frame of the said anchor is made of wrought iron
on the girder principle and is mounted on four wheels. The shaft of
the grooved pulley around which the rope passes in working the imple-
ment is provided with a worm which gears into a worm wheel. The
latter is fixed on a horizontal shaft which has three or more chain
wheels of different diameter. These chain wheels are arranged opposite
similar wheels on a shaft on which is mounted a drum. Upon this
drum is coiled a rope whose other end is attached to a fixed support.
When the implement is being drawn to the anchor the said anchor
moves forward along the headland, but when the implement is returning
from the anchor the latter remains stationary. The movement of the
anchor may be regulated to cause it to travel any distance required,
while the plough, cultivator, or other implement is travelling across the
field.
The said improvements relate, thirdly, to providing a drill, harrow, or
other implement with means for carrying the back rope and picking up
and liberating the same, whereby the steering of the implement is relieved
from the impediment due to the pull of the said back rope. I accom-
plish this object by placing at the centre of the back of the implement
a hook or other support in which the back rope is placed or secured
during the passage of the implement across the field. I may use in
combination with the said hook or support a lever or other contrivance
for effecting the adjustment of the said rope automatically when the
implement is reversed, or it may be adjusted by hand.

page_text: SPECIFICATION filed in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters
Patent, and of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, by the said
Edward Hayes in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 11th March
1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
HAYES, of Stoney Stratford, in the County of Buckingham, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Edward Hayes, Her special licence that
I, the said Edward Hayes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Edward Hayes, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS FOR TILLING LAND," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Edward Hayes, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office on or before the
Eleventh day of March One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Hayes, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawing
forming a part of this Specification :-
My improvements relate, first, to a windlass for drawing a plough,
cultivator, harrow, drill, reaper, mower, or other agricultural implement
over a field or other ground. Secondly, to an apparatus which I term
a self-moving anchor, that is to say, an anchor which is moved along
the headland by the pressure of the traction rope during the passago
of the plough or other implement across the field. And thirdly, to
.

page_text: providing a drill, harrow, or other implement employed in steam tillage
with means for carrying the back rope and picking up and liberating
the same, whereby the steering of the implement is relieved from the.
impediment due to the pull of the said back rope.
Figure 1 is a plan with parts in section of my improved windlass;
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same; Figure 3 is a plan, and Figure 4
a side elevation of my improved anchor.
Figure 5 is a plan, and Figure 6 a side elevation of a drill illustrating
"the application to the same of my contrivance for carrying the back 1
rope.
My improved windlass has a frame made of wrought-iron girders a,
the said frame may either be mounted on four wheels b, as shewn, or
upon two wheels, and it may be constructed to be drawn by a horse
or by a traction engine. The said windlass has a shaft c, which carries
three pulleys d, e, f, and two drums g, h. The said pulleys receive a
driving belt or strap from a steam engine. The three pulleys d, e, f,
are all loose on the shaft c, and turn independently thereof, the two
outer pulleys d, f, are driving pulleys, but the central pulley is an
"idler," each of these two outer pullies d, f, has cast on its boss a
bevel wheel (d', f¹) the wheel d' gears into the bevel wheelj formed or
fixed upon a long boss k, this boss also carries a bevel pinion or wheel
smaller than the first wheel j. The said boss is bored to fit and revolve
upon a short shaft m which is fixed in suitable supports carried on
the frame a. The pinion gears into a bevel wheel g' cast upon or
otherwise attached to the drum g. The pulley f is in like manner
geared by the pinion f¹ with the wheel n which is connected by its
boss o with the pinion p. The latter wheel and pinion revolve on the
fixed shaft q and the pinion p is geared with the pinion h¹ on the drum h.
By this arrangement of gearing I communicate motion to each of the
winding drums g, h, alternately as the driving belt or strap is moved
from one of the pulleys d, f, to the other. The shifting or moving of
the strap from one of these pullies to the other, or from either of them
to the idle pulley e is effected by means of a bar which carries the
strap guide. The said bar is connected to springs which tend to keep
the strap on the central or idle pulley e, it is held to keep the said strap

page_text: on either of the pulleys d, f, by a lock bolt a arranged to enter notches
in the said bar, but the strap will be thrown upon the central pulley e,
when the said bolt is withdrawn; is the lever or handle of the bolt 8,
and is a lever for adjusting the rod r. The drums g, h, are cast
with flanges g³, h³, at the sides, to which flanges I apply brakes to prevent
the too rapid uncoiling of the rope from the drum.
My improved anchor shewn in Figures 3 and 4 has a frame consisting
of wrought-iron girders t or otherwise suitably constructed; it may be.
mounted on either two or four wheels u. The shaft of the grooved.
pulley around which the rope passes from the drill, cultivator, or other
implement is provided with a worm which is loose on the shaft v,
except as connected therewith by the ratchet wheel ³ and pawl v*,
the ratchet wheel being fixed on the worm wheel, and the pawl being
connected and turning with the wheel v¹. The worm v³ gears into a
worm wheel w; the latter is fixed on a horizontal shaft to which has
three or more chain wheels 1, 2, 3, of different diameter; these chain
wheels are arranged opposite similar wheels 4, 5, 6, on a shaft ; on
this shaft is mounted a drun x². When the anchor is used a rope is
coiled upon the drum, and the other end of the said rope is attached to
a fixed support placed in any convenient position on the ground. When
the drill or other implement is being drawn to this anchor the drum x¹
is caused through the aforesaid gearing to rotate and wind the rope upon
it; the said anchor is thereby moved forward along the headland, but
when the said implement is returning from the anchor the latter remains
stationary. The movement of the anchor may be regulated by adjusting
the chain y upon the chain wheels to cause it to travel any distance
required, while the plough, cultivator, or other implement is travelling
across the field, or the movement of the anchor may be limited by
releasing the pawl from the ratchet wheel at any time. The drill shown
in Figures 5 and 6 for the sake of illustrating my improved mode of
carrying the back rope has at the centre of the back of the same a
grooved pulley A or other support in which the back rope B is placed
or secured during the passage of the implement across the field. I may
use in combination with the said support a lever or other contrivance
for effecting the adjustment of the said rope automatically when the
implement is reversed; or it may be adjusted by hand. It is obvious
that the same or substantially the same contrivance may be applied to
other implements.

page_text: Having thus fully described my said Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I wish it understood that I claim,-
First. A windlass provided with two drums which are connected with
the driving pulleys by bevel gearing arranged and operating in com-
bination with the said drums and pulleys as herein set forth and for the
purpose specified.
Second. Providing the said windlass with a sliding bar carrying a strap
guide and connected to springs which tend to keep it in a central
position, and arranged in combination with a locking device as herein set
forth, and for the purpose specified.
Third. An anchor for land tillage constructed with a drum from
which a rope is extended to a fixed support, and in which the grooved
or traction rope wheel is connected with the said drum by gearing, so
arranged and operating that the said pulley and drum may be readily
connected and disconnected and the anchor thereby caused to move
along the headland or stopped in any desired position, as herein set
forth.
Fourth. The different sized chain wheels and chains in combination
with the said drum and gearing, as herein set forth and for the purpose
specified.
Fifth. Providing a drill, harrow, or other implement with a contrivance
for carrying the back rope, as herein set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Hayes, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
W. ROBT. LAKE.
EP. HAYES. (L.S.)