Forcing Water or other Liquids.
Year: 1886

page_text: Forcing Water or other Liquids.
I, JOSEPH LYNN BERRY, of 27 Cornelius Strasse, Dusseldorf, in the Empire of
Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, to be as
follows:-
My said invention has reference to a new or improved construction of steam
pump, or apparatus for raising and forcing water or other liquids, of that class in
which the steam is allowed to act within the working vessel, direct on the liquid
to discharge it up the forcing pipes, and then, by forming a vacuum within the
chamber, raise the liquid through the suction pipes and again fill the vessel with it.
The water or other liquid to be raised is thus alternately drawn into the vessel and
forced out through the discharge outlet pipes in quick and regular pulsations, all in
a more simple, economical, and efficient manner, without steam and liquid valves
or moving parts or double working chambers, as heretofore required in pulsometers
and this class of pumping apparatus.
According to my invention I form the pumping apparatus of a new or improved
form and construction of a single hollow vessel of vertical cylindrical shape at the
middle working part, and with a tapering or conoidal neck towards the upper
small inlet steam branch, where a Hange is preferably formed for jointing to
a corresponding flange on the lower end of the steam inlet pipe, which would
be fitted with a valve or cock to regulate the admission of steam from the boiler
to the working vessel. A vertical central branch with a horizontal flange is
formed at the bottom of the vessel, for connecting to the suction pipe conducting
the water or other liquid to be raised and drawn into the lower part of the vessel,
which is contracted conoidally a little above the bottom to about the diameter of
the inlet pipe separating it from this inlet branch. .A narrow annular opening is
formed round the contracted part above the bottom of the working vessel, which
is made to widen out into and form an enlarged close annular case or pocket round
and above it outside, connected by two ports below, through the bottom, one on
opposite sides, leading down into the inlet branch in the centre below the vessel.
On one side of this annular outer chamber a lateral discharge branch is formed,
with a vertical Hange for connecting to a corresponding flange on the discharge
forcing pipes. A close deep hollow air vessel is formed over this annular chamber
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page_text: opening into it below and to the discharge branch. The upper part of this air
chamber over the annular vessel is fitted with an automatically acting inlet air
suction valve, which by the admission of a small portion of air at each suction
action forms this annular chamber into a water and air injecting vessel, for
condensing the steam in and producing a vacuum in the main body or working
vessel of the apparatus, as will hereinafter be described, this air and annular
water chamber also acting as an air pressure vessel for lessening the shock during
the discharge forcing action of the apparatus.
For the proper working of this apparatus, (although there are no valves within
it) an ordinary inlet check valve is fitted in the lower or other part of the suction
pipes, and a like ordinary check valve in the discharge forcing pipes.
The working or action of the apparatus would be as follows:-On starting, the
working chamber is charged with water or other liquid, (it might be from the force
pipes above the vessel fitted with a branch and cock for the purpose or otherwise)
and the steam let in above from the boiler or generator through the regulating
valve and inlet contracted neck or widening out passage to act on the liquid and
depress or force it down and out through the lateral discharge branch up through
the discharge check valve and pipes. As soon as the water. or liquid is forced out
until it descends to the level of the escaping lip of the outer annular case near
the bottom of the working vessel, then the cold liquid in the annular chamber is
forced out in an annular jet or spray (assisted in its action by the compressed air
within) up into the working chamber and the steam in it, thus condensing the
steam and causing a nearly perfect vacuum within the chamber up to the very
steam entrance.
This vacuum draws the water or other liquid to be raised up the inlet pipes and
fills the working chamber, until it dissipates the vacuum, when the steam again
enters the narrow throat and forces the liquid down and out again through the
discharge pipes, until it empties the chamber and forms another vacuum as
described, the vacuum, (in the meantime, while the liquid is rising into the
working vessel) having partially filled the air and injection chambers with air
through the inlet air valve before mentioned. Thus quick and regular forcing and
suction pulsations are alternately and intermittently produced as long as steam and
liquid are supplied. The whole of this apparatus or steam pump, from the sim-
plicity of its construction, might be cast or formed in one piece from cast steel or
other metal. A door is fitted, and secured by T-headed screw bolts outside near
the upper part of the working vessel, for the convenient cleaning out of any
deposit which may be left in it when pumping water containing earthy matters
or salts of lime.
When the water has to be raised or forced to great heights, two or more of these
pumps may be used the one delivering it up to the pump above it.
W. R. M. THOMSON & Co.,
Agents.

page_text: Forcing Water or other Liquids.
I, JOSEPH LYNN BERRY, of 27 Cornelius Strasse, Dusseldorf, in the Empire
of Germany, Engineer do hereby declare the nature my said invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement in writing, reference being had
to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings and to the letters and figures marked
thereon, that is to say:-
My said invention has reference to a new or improved construction of steam
pump or pumping apparatus for raising and forcing water or other liquids, of
that class in which the steam is made to act intermittently within the working
vessel direct on the liquid to discharge it up the main forcing pipes; and then, by
forming a vacuum within the chamber, draw or raise the liquid through the main
suction pipes to again fill the vessel ready for the next forcing action. By these
improvements, the water (or other liquid to be raised) is thus alternately drawn
into the working vessel and forced out again through the discharge outlet pipes, in
quick and regular pulsations, all in a more simple, economical, and efficient manner,
without the usual inlet steam valves or the necessity for the water or liquid valves
or other moving parts being formed on or within the working vessel, or requiring
double or triple working chambers to control the action of each other as heretofore
in this class of pumping apparatus termed " Pulsometers."
In order that the full nature and novelty of my said Invention and mode of
putting the same into effect or practice may be properly understood, I shall now
proceed to describe the several Figures on the Sheet of Drawings which I have
hereunto appended for that purpose, the same reference letters indicating similar
parts in the various Figures where shown.
Figures 1 and 2 are respectively a vertical section, and a plan, half in section on
the line 1---1 in Figure 1, of one modification of my new or improved single
acting chamber pumping apparatus or "Pulsometer"; while Figure 3 is a vertical
section of the same at right angles to Figure 1, but showing the inlet lifting and
outlet forcing valves v, vl, and their chests B, C, attached to the apparatus, though
not necessary to be formed in one with the working vessel A as has heretofore
been the case. Figures 4 and 5 show, in front and side elevation respectively, an
arrangement of three of my new or improved pumps A, to a small scale, similar to
that shown singly in detail in Figures 1 to 3, all drawing from the same main
lifting pipe B, and discharging into one common forcing pipe C', but all acting
otherwise independently of each other, so that any of them may be shut off or put
on as required, without affecting the working of the others.
Referring to Figures 1 to 3 of the Drawings:-I form the pumping apparatus of
a new or improved form and construction of a single hollow working chambered
vessel A A A A³, of vertical cylindrical shape at the middle or essential working
part A, a, a, and with a contracting or conoidal neck tapering up towards the
contracted top, where the small inlet steam branch bis fitted by a flange or neck
chamber a¹, to the lower end of the steam inlet pipe b, which would be fitted with
an ordinary stop valve or cock (as indicated at b¹ in Figure 4) to regulate the

page_text: '
admission of steam to the working chamber A, from the supply steam pipes from
the boiler. A vertical central branch A¹, with a horizontal flange, is formed at the
extreme bottom of the vessel A, for connecting to the main inlet suction pipe B¹
or its valve chamber B, for conducting the water (or other liquid) to be raised and
drawn into the body A u a, of the vessel at the lower part, which is considerably
contracted conoidally at a² a little above the flat bottom a³ of the working
chamber A, a, of the vessel, which separates it from the inlet branch A¹.
A narrow annular opening is formed round below the contracted part a³ and
above the bottom a³ of the working vessel A, a, and which is made to widen
out into and form an enlarged outer close annular case or pocket A³ round and
above the bottom a³, connected by two segmental ports and branches A" leading
up, through the bottom a³ on opposite sides, from the inlet branch A¹ in the centre
under the bottom of the vessel.
On one side of this annular outer chamber A³ a lateral discharge branch A³ is
formed, with a vertical flange for connecting to a corresponding flange on the
discharge forcing pipes C¹ or their discharge check valve and chamber C. A close
deep hollow air vessel c is in some cases formed over this annular chamber A³
opening into it below. The upper part of this air chamber c over the annular
chamber A² is shown as fitted with a very small automatically acting inlet air
suction valve c¹, which (when used for such) by the admission of a small regulated
portion of air at each suction action of the working vessel A, a a, forms this
annular chamber A2 into an air injecting vessel, for forcing an annular jet of water
into and condensing the steam in and producing a vacuum in the main body
part A a of the working vessel of the apparatus, as will hereinafter be described;
this air and annular water chamber A2 also acting as an air pressure vessel for
lessening the shock during the suction (and discharge) action of the apparatus.
Although no intermittent opening and closing inlet steam valve is required for
the proper working of this apparatus, an ordinary inlet check valve and chamber B
are fitted at the lower branch A¹ or other part of the suction pipes B', and a like
ordinary check valve and chamber C is fitted on the discharge branch A³ or forcing
pipes Ci.
The working or action of the apparatus is as follows:-On starting, the working
chamber A is charged with water (or other liquid) to a considerable height in the
parallel part a a (it might be when water is not left in it at stopping from the
force pipes C¹, or the check valve chamber C above it fitted with a branch and
cock for the purpose or other supply) and the steam being then let in above from
the boiler or generator through the regulating steam valve b¹ and inlet branch b
through the contracted neck a³ to the widening out top passage to act on the water
or liquid in the body part a, and depress or force the liquid down and out through
the lateral annular space at a³ and chamber A' into the discharge branch A³ up
through the discharge check valve and chamber C v¹ and pipes C¹. As soon as the
water, or liquid, is forced out until it descends to the level of the escaping con-
trolling lip a² of the outer annular case A' near the bottom a³ of the working
vessel A, then the cold liquid in this annular chamber A is forced out in au
annular jet or spray (assisted in its action by the compressed air when this is used
within the upper part of this chamber A²) up into the working chamber a a, and
the steam in it, thus condensing the steam and causing a nearly perfect vacuum
within the chamber A a a, up to near the narrow top a² or steam entrance.
The
darts in Figures 1 and 3 indicate the inward flow and pressure action of the
steam, and the arrows indicate the direction of the inlet and discharge of the water
to and from the working vessel A. a a.
This vacuum draws the water, or liquid to be raised, up through the inlet
pipes B and valve case B' v so as to fill the working chamber A a a; the vacuum,
(in the meantime, while the liquid is rising into the working vessel and to assist
the said injection action) has partially filled the annular injection chamber A¹
with air through the regulating inlet air valve c' fitted on the top of the duct c
before mentioned.

page_text: To effect the said injection or spray of cold water into the working chamber A,
to condense the steam and produce the vacuum therein, I fit a small conoidal or
trumpet shaped pipe I, I', through the walls of the discharge valve chamber C and
working chamber A, fitting an inlet regulating valve and rose I², or other equiva-
lent at its wide entrance end I¹ within the valve chest C, and lead the contracted
nozzle jet end I up the centre of the working chamber to the throat a¹, where it is
secured in a retaining cross piece in the axial line of the inlet steam pipe and
current b, and so as to throw a spray of water from the discharge valve chamber C
against the entering steam and form a shower in the upper part of the working
chamber A to condense the steam that fills it, as the water is forced out by the
pressure of the steam to near the bottom a², and has produced the greatest force
within the discharge pressure vessel C, the pulsation or reaction in which forces
the injection jet of water up the trumpet nozzle pipe I, I, regulated to give the
maximum spray and effect at the proper time at which the condensation of the
steam and vacuum are required in the working chamber, so as to give the regular
and intermittent suction or filling and forcing or discharging actions within the
working vessel A, all as herein before described. This spray injection by the
pipe I, I, from the discharge valve chest C, which draws and takes effect just after
each forcing action, is an alternate mode of producing the same to that by the
action and spray injection from the annular chamber A³, assisted by inlet air from
the chamber and valve c, c¹, which air can be quite dispensed with when the jet
from the trumpet nozzle I I' is used.
In this way quick and regular forcing and suction pulsations are alternately and
intermittently produced within the body a a of the working vessel A, as long as
steam is supplied to the pipe b, and water to the inlet pipe B, at a level below the
apparatus not greater than a column somewhat less than that capable of being
supported by the vacuum produced.
The whole of this apparatus or steam pump, from the simplicity of its construc-
tion, might be cast or formed in one piece from cast steel or other metal, suited to
stand the action of the water or other liquid to be raised by it. A door D is
preferably fitted and secured by T-headed screw bolts outside near the upper part
of the working vessel A, for the convenient cleaning out of any deposit which may
be left in it when pumping water containing salts of lime, or other deposits of
earthy matters.
Although I have shown the ordinary inlet and discharge valve chambers B
and C as formed separate from the working vessel A, A1, A2, A3, and jointing
them thereto, preferring this on account of the simplicity of making the single-
chambered vessel, yet still it will be evident that these valve chambers might be
cast and formed in one with the working vessel.
Referring to Figures 4 and 5: these show an arrangement of three of my new or
improved pumping apparatus, as fitted to work each with an injection trumpet II',
(inside, instead of and without the air vessel and admission air valve c c¹) for
forming the vacuum and pulsations within each vessel; all drawing from one
common main pipe B¹ and connecting branch pipe B³ through the inlet valve
chests B; and all discharging from their respective valve chests C into one
common main lift pipe C', through the intermediate connecting branch pipe C ;
and all working independently of each other, controlled and set on or stopped by
simply turning on or off their respective steam valves b¹.
When the water has to be raised or forced to a great height by my improved
pumping apparatus, two or more of these pumps may be used, the one delivering
the water up to the drawing cistern of the pump above it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,―
First. The improved construction of single working chambered pulsometer
pumping apparatus, without steam admission valve, but with an outer annular

page_text: close ring chamber surrounding the lower contracted part of the vessel over the
inlet and discharge branches, for giving the injection and lessening the shock of
pulsations, especially during the suction action of the apparatus, all substantially
as and for the purposes herein described in reference to and shown in the accom-
panying Drawings.
Second. In pulsometer pumping apparatus without working steam admission
valves, the forming of the vacuum within the working chamber intermittently and
automatically by giving the injection either by and from the annular air and
water space round the contracted lower end of the working chamber, or through a
small trumpet pipe from the discharge valve chamber, substantially as and in
the manner herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying
Drawings.