matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES, IN CORKS OR STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES, AND IN MA- CHINERY FOR MAKING CORKS OR STOPPERS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leopold Newton and Thomas
Kershaw at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 26th October 1867.
We, LEOPOLD NEWTON, of Oxton, in the County of Chester, Cotton
Merchant, and THOMAS KERSHAW, of Oldham, in the County of Lancaster,
Cigar Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOTTLES, IN CORKS OR STOPPERS FOR BOTTLES, AND IN MA-
CHINERY FOR MAKING CORKS OR STOPPERS," to be as follows:-
Our improvements in bottles consist in making them with an eye at the
top of the neck of the bottle, this eye forming the outlet from the bottle and
being at a right angle to the axis thereof; the cork or stopper thus passes
across the neck of the bottle, and as no force exerted from the interior of the
bottle can force out the cork the wireing or tieing of the cork or stopper is
dispensed with, and the cork or stopper can be easily withdrawn or partially
withdrawn without a corkscrew, and as the cork or stopper is not damaged.
by the act of withdrawing or partially withdrawing, part of the liquid may
be poured out of the bottle, which may then be re-corked as perfectly as at..
first.
Our improvements also consist in making bottles as above described with
a small hole in the eye in the direction of the axis of the bottle, and in
using corks or stoppers with a hole in them like a tap, so that by turning_
the cork or stopper partly round the liquid may be poured from the bottle.
Our improvements in corks or stoppers suitable for the bottles above

page_text: described, and for ordinary bottles, consist in making a core of ordinary
wood having a head to it, and in cementing upon the entire length of the
core a hoop of common cork.
Our improvements in machinery for making corks, such as those above
described, or common corks of cylindrical and conical form, consist in the
use of a thin tube of steel or other metal, the internal diameter of which is
equal to the diameter of the cork to be cut;, this tube is sharpened. at its
lower edge, and is made to rotate upon its axis by being fitted upon. the. end
of a spindle like a drill spindle. The cutting edge of this tube is brought
down upon a block of cork like a drill, and it cuts out the cork from the
block or slab, the cork passing up the interior of the tube cutter.. Several of
these tube cutters are used in one machine,, each drill spindle being hollow
and having a rod passing through it to force the cork from, the tube when cut
from the block. All the drill spindles have end movement imparted to them by
the same mechanism, so that several corks are cut at the same time and. at
one operation. For conical corks the tube cutter is slit, so that it can expand
as. it descends by the action of a cone upon the rod in the hollow drill
spindle.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OPERATING THE EXTRACTOR OF BREECH- LOADING DROP GUNS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Portlock at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th March
1867.
I, JOHN PORTLOCK, of Globe Yard, South Molton Street, in the County
of Middlesex, Gun Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OPERATING THE EXTRACTOR OF BREECH-
LOADING DROP GUNS," to be as follows:-
In breech-loading drop guns, which are mostly double guns used for sporting
purposes, the cartridge extractor usually consists of a thin plate recessed into
the end of and between the barrels, two of its sides being of the form prescribed
by the bore, and the recess to receive the lip or flange of the metal cartridge
head, said plate or piece being mounted on a stem or stems fitted to move in
holes bored in the metal of the barrels, all as well understood, motion being
given to the main stem by the dropping of the barrel. The ordinary method
of looking the barrels is adopted, that is with locking jaws on the under part
of the barrels and locked to the fixed part of the breech by a locking hand
lever and locking parts mounted on a vertical axis as usual.
My improvement consists in the arrangement and disposition of a small
nib or projection on the fore part of the metal in which the screw is usually
inserted from above into the pin or axis of the locking lever, said metal being

page_text: embraced by or between the locking jaws on the barrels when in the locking
or locked position; this nib or projection which is close under the barrels
operates on the one end of a lever mounted on a fulcrum within the forward
locking jaw, the other end of which lever enters a cross slot in the stem of
the extractor and operates it at the proper time for the discharge of the
cartridge cases. The extractor is returned in the
The extractor is returned in the ordinary manner by the
closing of the barrels.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COPPINS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Coulson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
November 1867.
I, SAMUEL COULSON, of Montague Street, Sheffield, Merchant, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF COPPINS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in making coffins partly of metal and partly of other
materials so as to form them semi-metallic or nearly semi-metallic, for which
purpose I form the framework of the bodies, bottoms, or lids, or all of them,
of metal, or the bottoms or lids, or both, entirely of metal, which metal, whether
as a frame, or as a bottom or lid, or partly a bottom or partly a lid, I have
made wrought or cast, and made whole, or in parts or segments, and I have
them plain or ornamental, painted, japanned, enamelled, galvanized, bronzed,
lacquered, gilded, silvered, or electro-plated. I make the bodies and also the
bottoms and lids (except when I have the bottoms and lids of metal) of
timber, paper, clay, porcelain, or glass, or partly of such materials.
When I make the bodies, bottoms, and lids of metal or partly of metal I make
the framework of timber or partly so, either plain or ornamental, but I prefer
making the bodies of timber and the framework or the bottoms and lids of
metal, and fitting the said timber to the framework by grooves, sockets, bolts,
screws, cement, glue, or any compound or material suitable for the purpose.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPREADING GRASSES, PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR CUTTING AND COLLECTING GRASSES OR CORN
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Newzam Nicholson at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on tho
6th December 1867.
I, WILLIAM NEWZAM NICHOLSON, of the Trent Iron Works, Newark, in the
County of Nottingham, Agricultural Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR SPREADING GRASSES,
PART OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR CUTTING
AND COLLECTING GRASSES OR CORN," to be as follows:-
The first part of my Invention relates to machinery for spreading grasses
on the axle of the machine, whether such axle be concentric or excentric. I
mount an excentric cylinder or cylinders, and on the external part of such
excentric cylinder or cylinders the fork barrells are made to revolve. By
moving such excentric cylinder or cylinders round the axle the fork barrells
are thrown for either the forward or reverse motions, or are disengaged
for travelling, at the same time the height of the fork barrells from the ground
can be varied when it is desireable to do so. I also make the ironwork by
which the horse shafts are attached to these machines of channelled or grooved
iron.
For
The second part of my Invention is for improvements in the travelling
wheels of machines for cutting, spreading, or collecting grasses or corn.
the purpose of giving the wheels a firmer bite on the ground, so to increase

page_text: their power of driving the machinery connected with same, I make pro-
jections either at right angles or any other angle or curve on the edge of
the peripheries of the wheels, or make such peripheries laterally of a zigzag
form.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF FIBRE FROM RAGS OR OTHER SEMI-WASTE SUBSTANCES WHOLLY OR PARTLY OF WOOL OR ANIMAL FIBRE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF YARNS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATON left by William Wood at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th March 1867.
I, WILLIAM WOOD, of Monkhill, near Pontefract, in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PREPARATION OF FIBRE FROM RAGS OR OTHER SEMI-WASTE SUBSTANCES WHOLLY
OR PARTLY OF WOOL OR ANIMAL FIBRE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF YARNS," to be
as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the preparation of fibre
from rags or other semi-waste substances wholly or partly of wool or animal
fibre for the manufacture of yarns. I take rags or other semi-waste material
containing woollen or animal fibre and reduce or tear them into loose threads
or fibres by means of suitable reducing apparatus arranged to act on the rag
or semi-waste material whilst it is immersed in water, oil, or liquid. The
machine may be such as is used for the reduction of rags of vegetable fibre
to pulp for the manufacture of paper, and care should be taken that the
reducing instruments are so formed as not to cut the fibres, but to pull them
out of the rag or semi-waste material, keeping them as long as possible. The
fibres or loose threads from the reducing machine are dried or pressed and
opened out by a beater or otherwise, they are then mixed with new wool or
fibre and carded; afterwards the mixed fibre is made into yarn. By reducing

page_text: rags and semi-waste materials containing wool or animal fibre, as above
described, whilst they are immersed in water, oil, or liquid a longer and more
valuable fibre is obtained than when they are reduced dry, or rather by
machinery working in the air, as is now commonly practised.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES FOR STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Bolland at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th August
1867.
I, JOHN BOLLAND, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FURNACES
FOR STEAM BOILERS AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in certain improved arrangements of apparatus for
heating the air and admitting it to the fires of furnaces, and in the dampers
for conveying the smoke from one portion of the fire-grate to the other, and for
closing the flue when the firing door is opened.
In performing my Invention I make the dead plate hollow or with an air
chamber below, into which air is conveyed from two pipes passing under the
fire-grate; the air becomes heated in passing through these pipes and in the
air chamber, and then it enters an arched air chamber with perforations on
the inside and towards the fire-grate, surrounding the fire-door, there are
sliding dampers or other equivalents between the dead plate and the arched
air chamber to shut off the communication between them when required.
The firing door is hollow, and the inner partition is perforated to allow the
air entering from the air chamber in the dead plate to pass over the fire-grate,
and these perforations in the firing door can be opened or closed by a sliding
plate the spindle of which passes through the front of the-firing-door. The
grate bars are made as usual, but the fire-grate-is-divided-into-two-parts
by a midfeather made of a perforated bent plate reaching from the bridge

page_text: to within about twelve inches from the dead plate. There is a swivel
damper near the bridge to open and close the orifices to the main flue
alternately, and there is another damper in the main flue which is connected
by levers and rod to the firing. door, so that when the door is opened for
admitting fuel this damper is closed to prevent the cold air passing into
the flues. The two portions of the fire-grate are fired alternately, and when
fresh fuel is applied to one side of the grate the swivel damper of that side
is closed, and the smoke is then conveyed around the front end of the mid-
feather to the other portion of the fire-grate which is then at a red heat, and
when fuel is put on the fire that had been red the
damper is reversed and the smoke is carried over the
then burnt bright. By this means fuel is economised and smoke is prevented.
position of the swivel
other fire which has
AN IMPROVED KNIFE CLEANER
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Obadiah Barrett and Henry Leggott
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
8th June 1867.
We, OBADIAH BARRETT and HENRY LEGGOTT, of Bradford, in the County of
York, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
KNIFE CLEANER," to be. as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to produce an efficient machine for cleaning
knives at as small cost as possible, and for this purpose we employ one, two,
or more cylindrical brushes, which we inclose in a box or casing of suitable
size and form, and mount in bearings, so as to be capable of rotating therein.
In the construction of these brushes strips of leather, buffalo hide, or other
suitable substance is introduced betwixt the bristles, and in some cases we
introduce metal springs to support the said leather or other substance. Also
at or near one end of each brush we form a groove or space to receive a thin
diaphram or partition, which forms a division in the box or casing and the
brush, one part for cleaning the blade, and the other the hilt of the knife.
When only one brush is employed we have one, two, or more pads or cushions
arranged around and pressed against the brush by springs. Openings are made
in the casing for both blade and hilt of a knife to pass through, and in the
diaphram for the blade only, which passes betwixt the pad and the brush
and into a supporting plate. When this machine is used emery is introduced
and the knife or knives inserted, which are cleaned on one side by the rotation
of the brush, and are then withdrawn and inserted with the other side to

page_text: the brush. In some cases we may make the openings or slits of the diaphram
and supporting plate so as to allow the knife or knives after being cleaned
on one side to be turned over to be cleaned on the other side without with-
drawal. When two or more of these brushes are employed they are placed in
contact, and the knife supports are so arranged that the knife will be betwixt
two brushes at the point of contact, so that both sides will be cleaned
simultaneously, and no pads will be required.
AN IMPROVED SEAT FOR BABIES OR YOUNG CHILDREN
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ann Littlejohns Panter at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with her Petition, on the 19th June
1867.
I, ANN LITTLEJOHNS PANTER, of 10, Pakenham Street, Gray's Inn Road,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SEAT
FOR BABIES OR YOUNG CHILDREN," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object an improved seat for babies or young
children. It consists of a base board, by preference of circular form and
mounted on castors so that it may be moved readily with the child upon it
from place to place. This base board supports a cushion having a raised rim
stuffed or padded and passing about half round it, and forming a low back to.
assist in keeping the child in its place on the cushion. There is also a stuffed
or padded projection on the cushion which comes between the child's legs and
prevents its slipping off at the front. Around the waist of the child a broad
belt which may be stiffened with whalebones is fastened. Attached to the
belt and midway of its depth six straps are fixed equidistant the one from
the other, and they pass to fastenings on the base board arranged around the
seat. Rings and hooks are convenient fastenings to secure the straps
to the base board. Each strap has a buckle upon it by which its length

page_text: can be adjusted; the base board may also conveniently carry a small tray or
table in front of the child. The table is mounted on a standard which enters a
socket in the base board and is made fast on the under side by means of a
thumb nut. The child's toys may conveniently be connected with the table by
elastic cords.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN VOLUTE SPRINGS
Year: 1867

page_text: the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th January
1867. A communication from abroad by Charles Morrill, of the City,
County, and State of New York, United States of America, Architect.
I, GEORGE HASELTINE, of the "International Patent Office," No. 8,
Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN VOLUTE SPRINGS," a communication, to be as follows:-
The said improvements consist in constructing volute springs of elliptical
plates of metal which are formed with a central longitudinal opening and
are united at each end; the said plates or strips when rolled up form volute
springs of great elasticity and strength, having both vertical and lateral
flexibility or play; the said plates are by preference formed of two strips of
metal, which are connected together at each end, but are separated from each
other for the greater portion of their length, their greatest distance apart
being about half way between their ends. A flattened or straight portion is
by preference formed at the centre of the strips, so that when the plates are
rolled up they will have an even base, which will give the spring a firmer
position than if the edges were curved at such points. Though the elliptical
plates are most advantageously formed as above described of two strips of

page_text: metal united at each end the same may be produced by punching out a strip
of sheet metal.
In constructing the volute springs a solid piece supports the centre of the
spring, and a plate guards a portion of the outside, whereby great strength is
obtained. The said springs are flexible, not only in a vertical but in a lateral
direction, and possess all the advantages of a double volute spring.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS APPLICABLE TO THE MISCROSCOPE AND OTHER OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michael Loam and Francis Henry
Fearns at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 28th May 1867.
We, MICHAEL LOAM, of Hampton, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
& FRANCIS HENRY FEARNS, Machinist, of Walworth Common, S., do bereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
APPLICABLE TO THE MISCROSCOPE AND OTHER OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object the construction of an apparatus whereby
the microscope or other optical instrument can be exhibited to a number of
persons, retaining their respective positions during the exhibition without
altering the position of the reflector or other means of illuminating the
object exhibited. The means which we employ are as follows:-Upon a
table or suitable support near to and around which a number of persons can
be suitably arranged we place a metal or other pin so constructed that it
shall retain its position; we also place upon the table or other suitable support
a travelling table, by preference of a triangular form. At one angle of the
travelling table are several holes of a suitable diameter to fit accurately the
pin before mentioned. The under side of the travelling table we provide with
wheels so that it is easily moved around the pin. The length of the radius

page_text: of the circle that the travelling table describes in its revolution around the
pin can be regulated by the holes made in it. The source of illumination
being placed over the pin, and the microscope or other optical instrument
being placed upon the travelling table, and having been focussed by one of
the persons so as to suit the object under examination, the table carrying the
microscope or other optical instrument is moved round the pin to another
person without altering the adjustment of the reflector or illumination of the
instrument. If the source of illumination be fixed to the travelling table it
may be situated anywhere upon or about it and not necessarily over the
pin.
IMPROVED WINDOW AND SHUTTER FASTENINGS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Barr and John Bloxham
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 6th February 1867.
We, DAVID BARB, of Cherry Street, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Agent, and JOHN BLOXHAM, of New Street, Aston New Town, Birmingham,
Commercial Clerk, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED WINDOW AND SHUTTER FASTENINGS," to be as follows:-
One of the improved fastenings is made of brass or any other metal, and is
very similar in shape to the ordinary butt hinge. The lower flap is screwed
to the frame of the upper window sash in a vertical position, and the upper
flap which is made thicker at the end and shaped in the form of a stop is left
free and fits in a recess or groove, and does not therefore impede the action of
the window; its own weight causes it to fall down on the bottom sash as soon
as the window is closed; in this way both sashes are securely fastened until
the stop is removed again from its position.
The advantages secured by this arrangement are,―
1st. Increased Security.-This cannot, like the ordinary fastening, be opened
from the outside, and a burglar would find it much more difficult, if not
impossible, to force open a window secured with this fastening.
2nd. Simplicity of Construction.-Having no spring, and only one joint, and
being made of only two pieces of metal, it is not likely to get out of repair or
become affected by the weather.
3rd. It is self-acting.-The window cannot be closed without being fastened.
4th. It can be made much cheaper than other fastenings.

page_text: Another form of self-acting fastening is made and fixed very similar to the
above, but instead of a stop an aperture is made in the upper flap, and in
addition a catch having a balance weight at the opposite end is suspended by
an axle between two pieces of metal placed vertically on the top bar of the
lower sash. When the window is closed and the top flap falls down the latch
passes through the aperture and fastens the window.
A third fastening is made as follows:- A metal staple or box is fastened on
the bottom bar of the outer sash; on the top bar of the inner sash is fixed a
Jatch with a spring bolt, which bolt forces itself into the box by the action of
closing the window.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FABRICS TO BE MADE INTO SKIRTS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Black Pullar at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th December
1867.
I, WILLIAM BLACK PULLAR, of 22, Bread Street, in the City of London, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF FABRICS TO BE MADE INTO SKIRTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
fabrics to be made into skirts. At the present time skirts are commonly made
with a woven pattern passing in a stripe or band around the bottom but in
such cases the several breadths of which the skirt is formed have not usually
been gored or shaped as this would involve great waste of the fabric because
the pattern prevents the breadths being fitted the one into the other in cutting
them from the fabric.
Now according to my Invention I so weave the fabric that the skirt may
be gored without this waste, and so that two gores or breadths of the skirt
may be cut from the fabric side by side. This I do by weaving the fabric in
the following manner :-Starting from the bottom of one of the breadths of
the skirt I weave a few inches of plain fabric more or less according to taste,
and then the desired stripe or band of pattern, above this I again weave the

page_text: plain fabric until from the commencement a length of from 40 to 45 inches
has been produced; then I again weave the stripe or band of pattern, but
this time in an inverted position, and finally I weave a short length of the
plain fabric equal to that with which the weaving was commenced. From
the length of fabric now produced two gores or breadths of the skirt may be
cut side by side. To produce the entire skirt, supposing it to have seven gores
as is convenient for petticoat skirts, the processes of weaving are repeated four
times. The front gore in this case takes the whole of one of the four sections
and the other sections cach produce two gores or widths, this however may be
varied when the front gore or breadth takes the whole of one section of the
weaving as above described. I further economiso the fabric by making this
section shorter than the others, omitting the second or reversed stripe or band
of pattern and the plain fabric beyond it.
In speaking of plain fabric I would have it understood that I do so to
distinguish it from the stripe or band of pattern and not necessarily to imply
that there is no figure upon it.
In preparing these skirt fabrics for the market I print or mark upon.
them lines indicating the directions in which the fabric is to be cut apart.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEPARATING YEAST FROM LIQUID MATTERS, AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREFOR
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Hall, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEPARATING YEAST
FROM LIQUID MATTERS, AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREFOR."
Sealed the 17th March 1868, and dated 20th September 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Hall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
September 1867.
I, WILLIAM HALL, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Gentleman, do
5 hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEPA-
RATING YEAST FROM LIQUID MATTERS, AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED THEREFOR,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the separation of yeast from liquid matters by
the action of centrifugal force. The apparatus I employ consists of a
revolving vessel constructed with a wire gauze or other such periphery, and
furnished with a lining or casing of cloth or other substance through which
fluid matters may pass, but which will arrest the passage of solid bodies.
This cloth or other such substance I propose to form as a bag or lining in
which the combined yeast and liquid matters are placed, and the machine by
rapid rotation throws the latter through the porous substance into a suitable

page_text: may then
casing, while the yeast is detained in the bag or lining, and which
be removed. The aforesaid bag or lining is provided with a suitable aperture
through which the matters to be separated may be introduced while the
machine is in motion. Having thus separated the greater portion of the
liquid matter from the yeast I propose in the same manner to pass water
or other fluid through the machine, by which means the yeast becomes
washed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Saul Myers at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th December
1867. A communication from abroad by Charles Gustavus Mueller,
of Hanover, in the Kingdom of Prussia.
I, SAUL MYERS, of Saint George's Road, Kilburn, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for roasting
coffee, and consists of a hollow globe fitted loosely within and pivoted to a
concave half globe in such manner that the said globe may be made to revolve
easily and freely by means of a small crank rod; the said globe is made
with a neck or mouth which projects through a circular opening in the said
half globe, and is adapted to receive and discharge the coffee; the said crank
rod is supported by means of a bent handle attached to the said half globe,
and is provided with a lid which fits into and closes the said neck or mouth of
the said globe in such manner that when the said crank rod is turned the said
globe is made to rotate, thereby giving constant motion to the coffee and
preventing it from burning; the said lid which is fitted upon one end of the said
crank rod may be made with a catch, so as to be easily and quickly inserted
in its proper place; also so as to be readily removeable, and at the same time

page_text: when inserted so as to secure the rotation of the said globe when the said
crank rod may be turned. The said globe and half globe will be made of
suitable sheet metal, sheet iron being preferred; and the said crank rod and
bent handle will be made of small iron rods or wires bent to the shape
required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TAKING AND REGISTERING VOTES IN DELIBERATIVE ASSEMBLIES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Farren at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th November
1867.
I, GEORGE FARREN, of 18, Whitehead's Grove, Brompton, in the County
of Middlesex, C.E., do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR TAKING AND REGISTERING VOTES IN
DELIBERATIVE ASSEMBLIES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for taking and
registering votes in deliberative assemblies. For this purpose I provide each
seat in the chamber with two finger keys, an aye and a no; by moving these
keys electric circuits are made or broken. In this way each finger key when
moved gives motion to a lever or instrument of which there are a series
arranged in a glass or other case in front of the chairman, or in other con-
venient position. The movement of each lever or instrument liberates a
small weight, which by a conducting channel is led into the scale pan of a
balance; there are two such balances provided, one for the ayes and the other
for the noes; they should be enclosed in a glass case. By weighing the
number of weights in the pan is immediately ascertained, and the balances
should be so arranged as to indicate this number visibly. A delicately made
spring balance is suitable.
The apparatus is furnished with a handle or other instrument, by means of
which the chairman or other person can keep the finger keys at the members'
seats out of action until the moment when it is desired to take the votes. The

page_text: levers or instruments corresponding with the finger keys in front of the
members' seats also carry pencils or markers, so that when they move they
record the vote on a list suitably placed in relation to the series of pencils or
markers. When one finger key has been moved, the other key belonging
to the same seat is inoperative.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN WATER METERS AND WATER POWER ENGINES
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Henry Larmuth and
Luke Hamilton Larmuth at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 28th November 1867.
We, MATTHEW HENRY LARMUTH and LUKE HAMILTON LARMUTH, of the
Firm of Thomas Larmuth & Co., of Salford, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WATER METERS AND WATER POWER ENGINES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates generally to those water meters and water power
engines which have reciprocating pistons, and in the first place more par-
ticularcly to those meters or engines having pistons the movements of which
are controlled by rotating shafts through cranks or their equivalents. During
the working of a meter or engine of the above class and having a valve or
valves with an amount of "lap" at such times as the piston in the cylinder
or in one of the cylinders is near the end of its stroke the water contained in
the said cylinder is cut off from connection with the passages of admission and
emission and the motion of the piston being continued the water on one side
of the said piston offers great resistance to the said motion and at the same
time there is a tendency to produce a slight vacuum on the other side of
the piston, and if the valve controlling the admission and emission of the
water from the nature of its construction cannot act as a relief valve great
strain is thrown upon certain portions of the meter or engine. The object
of this portion of our improvements is to give a certain amount of elasticity to
the piston or to each end of the cylinder or to parts in connection with each
end of the cylinder. This may be effected by forming a portion of the surface
Pic 817

page_text: of the piston of caouchouc or other suitable flexible material the water acting
on the said flexable material from either side of the said piston, or the said
flexible material may be fitted to the ends of the cylinder or be connected
therewith, the water having access in all cases to the flexible material, and the
said flexible material being at liberty to yield to a certain extent in either
direction so as temporarily to increase or diminish the capacity of the cylinder
or the portion of the cylinder contained between the piston and either end of
the cylinder.
The second portion of our Invention consists infitting the cylinders of water
meters with linings of glass, carthenware, pottery ware, porcelain, or other
similar material, or with metallic linings glazed, enamelled, or coated with a
vitrified substance or with vitrified substances, or in coating or covering the
interior of the said cylinders or any suitable portion thereof with the vitrified
substances, the same being applied in any suitable manner or by any ordinary
process as is well understood. This second portion of our Invention may also
be applied to water power engines if desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLINGS FOR RAILWAY WAGONS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Fletcher Compton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
November 1867.
I, ROBERT FLETCHER COMPTON, of Tewkesbury, in the County of Gloucester,
Railway Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLINGS FOR RAILWAY WAGONS," to be as follows:-
The operation of coupling or uncoupling railway wagons by the means at
present in use involves a certain expenditure of time and is attended with
considerable risk to the persons employed by reason of their having to pass
between the ends of the wagons during the operation. And my Invention has
for its object coupling or uncoupling railway wagons more quickly and with
less danger to the persons employed than has hitherto been the case by so
arranging the parts and apparatus that the person coupling or uncoupling
stands at the side instead of between the ends of the wagons. This is effected
by means of lever handles arranged at each side of the wagon and attached
to an axis moving in supports at the end of the wagon frame. Upon this
axis a lever is mounted near the centre in such a position that when the axis
is caused to make a partial revolution the lever raises the coupling link which
can then be dropped upon or raised from the hook of the adjoining carriage,
and by means of an endwise movement, of which the axis is capable, the

page_text: coupling link can be moved sideways so as to pass the hook of the adjoining
carriage in the act of being raised or lowered. The links of the coupling
are so formed that when they are raised by the lever they assume a
suitable position for engaging or disengaging with the hook of the adjoining
carriage.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE BUILDING OR CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS' SAIL YARDS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Bond at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th May
1867.
I, EDWARD BOND, of Whitby, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE BUILDING OR
CONSTRUCTION OF SHIPS' SAIL YARDS," to be as follows:-
In place of making ship yards of iron as has been practised according to
one part of my improvements I construct them of well tempered steel, the
parts of which are so bolted or rivetted together as to ensure the following
important qualities, improvements, and advantages, viz., lightness, neatness,
and solidity with durability, elegance, and strength, affording facilities in sail
furling, security when posted, economizing space to a very considerable
extent, saving labor and money, requiring less rope or gaskets aloft, together
with a better distribution of the general furniture of the yard than any sail
yard which has hitherto been produced. I take one or more flat longitudinal
plates of steel of any given depth, and suspend the breadth thereof in a
vertical position in order to take the strain of the sail and leech ropes thereof;
to this longitudinal plate or plates erected on its edge I secure in a suitable
manner four or other suitable number of angular trough, or other sectional
shaped plates of steel in a horizontal position in order to take the strain of the

page_text: yard braces and "clues" of the upper sail, and to give greater support to the
vertical plates. By way of rendering the structure more firm and rigid I bolt
iron braces thereto in order to secure the one horizontal plate or plates to
another vertical plate or plates. To the horizontal plate of steel which stands
out before the yard secure the jack stay of the yard by means of strong and
suitable iron bolts, and the yard is suspended to the mast much in the
ordinary manner of sail yards. By this peculiar and improved arrangement.
of the several plates of steel I ensure facilities in sail furling, as instead of the
sail being furled upon the yard it is laid upon and made fast to the sides or
centre thereof, thus being more secure from the force of the wind, and
requiring a smaller amount of canvas when set. This improved construction
of yard also affords facilities for carrying the studding sail and other booms and
housing them snugly when out of use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Rochester Pape at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd
March 1867.
I, WILLIAM ROCHESTER PAPE, of Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the County of
Northumberland, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to breech-loading fire-arms, and the 1st improvement
consists of a breech-loading "action" by which the empty cartridge after
it has been fired instead of being pushed out in the ordinary way is drawn
out by the act of opening the breech; the second improvement consists of a
jointed lever "striker," the back motion of which is effected by the pull of the
hammer when cocking the piece.
For effecting the 1st improvement I cut out a portion of the notch or rebate,
which is formed at the extreme end of the open breech of the barrel, into
which notch or rebate the metal flange which projects round the rear end of
the cartridge fits. Into the cavity or slot formed in the breech of the barrel,
as above described, I fit a notched or rebated filling piece, which slides back-
wards and forwards, and when pushed home fills up the said cavity and makes
the circular notch or rebate (for receiving the cartridge flange) again entire.
The filling pieces last mentioned are formed with arms projecting from the
rear end, terminating in a short cross head, and the breech opening and closing
abutment with a L-shaped groove to receive the cross head, which enters and
leaves the said groove as the abutment (which is hinged to the under side of
the barrel) is raised and lowered. The act of lowering the abutment draws

page_text: the filling piece backwards, and, as a portion of the metal flange at the rear
end of the cartridge rests in the segment of the notch or rebate in the said
filling piece the backward motion of the latter draws the cartridge partly out
of the breech with it.
For effecting the second part of my Invention I fit a striker (which passes
through the abutment) with a lever jointed to its rear end; this lever moves
upon the centre, and is actuated by a short arm mounted upon the axis of the
cocking hammer, so that in the act of cocking the piece the striker is drawn
backwards by the short arm pressing against the lower extremity of the
striker lever.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATORS TO BE USED FOR THE BOTTOM ENDS OP VERTICAL SPINDLES OR SHAFTS
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Wilson Lowther at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th April 1867.
I, JOSEPH WILSON LOWTHER, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LUBRICATORS TO BE USED FOR THE BOTTOM ENDS
OP VERTICAL SPINDLES OR SHAFTS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the lubrication of the lower ends of spindles or
shafts when used vertically, and consists in employing for the bottom of each
spindle or shaft a cup or chamber containing lubricating matter, the cup or
chamber being closed with a lid or cover having a hole in it for the spindle or
shaft to pass through, the bottom of the cup or chamber forming the bearing
for the bottom of the spindle or shaft. The lubricant used by preference is
composed of cocoa nut, olive, and almond oils, and tallow, mixed together in
such proportions as to form a semi-solid substance, though ordinary oil or any
other lubricating matter may be employed if desired.
AN IMPROVED HOLLOW BRICK OR BLOCK TO BE USED FOR THE FLOORS, CEILINGS, AND OTHER PARTS OF BUILDINGS, AND APPARATUS FOR MOULDING OR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
Year: 1867

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Henry Johnson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
28th November 1867.-A communication from abroad by François
Louis Sabrout, of Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, JOHN HENRY JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, Gentlemen, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED HOLLOW BRICK OR BLOCK TO BE USED FOR THE FLOORS, CEILINGS,
AND OTHER PARTS OF BUILDINGS, AND APPARATUS FOR MOULDING OR MANUFACTURING
THE SAME," a communication to me from abroad by Francis Louis Sabrout, of
Paris, in the Empire of France, to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to a substitute for ordinary lath and plastering for
the floors, ceilings, and other parts of buildings whereby economy, lightness,
strength, and diminution or deadening of sound are obtained.
According to this Invention it is proposed to construct in suitable moulds
hollow bricks or tiles, of plaster, cement, or other suitable material, of a square,
rectangular, or other form. These blocks are perfectly closed up on all sides
although made cellular or hollow internally, consequently the plaster employed
in setting them in their places between the joists cannot possibly obtain
access to the interior of the blocks. Ribs or projections are moulded along
the several sides or edges of these closed hollow blocks in order to afford a
better hold to the plaster or cement which is introduced between them when

page_text: setting the same, and the top and bottom faces of the blocks are roughened or
made uneven to form a key or holding surface for the adhesion of the coating
of plaster employed in finishing the floor or ceiling.
When required for ground floors or for places exposed to the action of
moisture any waterproofing material or composition may be combined with the
plaster or compound composing the blocks.
The moulds employed for producing the aforesaid hollow blocks are made
of wood, metal, or other suitable material and composed of two or more parts
hinged together for the purpose of facilitating the withdrawal of the moulded
blocks. The cavities or cells to be moulded in the interior of these blocks are
produced by the use of moveable cores made slightly tapered to facilitate their
withdrawal. One set of moulds is employed for moulding the block and
another set is used to effect the closing up hermetically of the open side of
the block left by the withdrawal of the cores.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING AND TWISTING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Ermen, of Pendlebury, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING AND TWISTING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS."
Sealed the 16th July 1867, and dated the 1st February 1867..
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Ermen at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st February
1867.
I, HENRY ERMEN, of Pendlebury, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR DOUBLING AND TWISTING COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to all descriptions of machinery employed for doubling
or twisting fibrous materials wherein a "drag cloth" or "washer" is used
beneath the bobbins, and the Invention is designed as a substitute for such
ordinary appliances, and for the purpose of effecting a more regular "drag
on the bobbins than hitherto attained.
The improvements consist in the application and use of a reciprocating
slotted bar between the bobbins and the bobbin rail which is covered with

page_text: leather, flannel, cloth, or other suitable material, and on which the bobbins
revolve; this bar or flat plate extends from end to end of the bobbin rail (or
where a lifting rail is used it may be slotted and the leather attached to its
surface), and is provided with longitudinal slots through which the spindles
pass, and which admit of the lateral movement and reciprocation of the bar
or lifting rail; or, if preferred two narrow covered bars or laths may be
applied (instead of one slotted bar), one being at each side of the spindles,
both being connected at the ends and moving with a simultaneous longitudinal
reciprocating motion. The necessary reciprocating movement may be applied
by causing a pin on the bar to work in a diagonal groove on the framing, so
that as the bobbin rail rises and falls the pin and bar are pushed or drawn
backwards and forwards; or it may be effected by rack and pinion, heart
wheel or cams; by this means a considerable saving is effected in the materials
used to obtain the drag, as the bobbins are constantly revolving on a different
surface or portion thereof, and a more uniform "drag" is imparted to
the bobbins.