CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS AND BONNETS
Year: 1823

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOSEPH
GILLMAN, of Newgate Street, in the City of London, Silk Warehouseman, and
JOHN HEWITBON WILSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Silk
and Cotton Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth, did, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of that part of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland called England bearing date at Westminster, the
Eighteenth day of November, One thousand eight hundred and twenty-three,
in the fourth year of His reign, give and grant unto us, the said Joseph
Gillman and John Hewitson Wilson, our exors, admors, and assigns, His
especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that we, the said
Joseph Gillman and John Hewitson Wilson, our exors, adñiors, and assigns,
during the term of years therein mentioned, should and lawfully might
make, use, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, our Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF HATS AND BONNETS;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained
a proviso, that if we, the said Joseph Gillman and John Hewitson Wil-
son, shall not particularly describe and ascertain the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument
in writing under our hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us,
and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent, that then tho said Letters Patent, and all liberties and

page_text: advantages whatsoever thereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and
become void, as in and by the same, relation being thereunto had, will more
fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, we, the said
Joseph Gillman and John Hewitson Wilson, do hereby declare that the nature
of our said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed,
are particularly described and ascertained in and by the following Specification
thereof (that is to say) :-
Our said improvements in the manufacture of hats and bonnets consist in
covering the bodies of hats or, bonnets, whether made of felt, cotton, linen,
hemp, wool, &c. in any of the usual and well known methods, with a certain
woven material or materials, either made wholly of cotton or having a cotton
basis, and a silk outside, and which said covering material or materials we
manufacture in the following manner, viz*--We use carded and roved cotton
in the ordinary way for weft to weave on the face side of the covering material
when the same is to be made wholly of cotton, and for the other side we spin
cotton into fifty weft, and make the warp of cotton twist, which we weave in
a common loom, and draw into the gears in the following manner; viz*:-The
set of shafts or lambs in the loom consists of eight at top and eight at bottom,
knit by a heald or harness knitter in the usual manner; we then begin on
either side of the warp with the first end, and draw it into either the first front
or back heald; the second end of the warp is then drawn into the second
heald, and so on, until an end is drawn into every shaft; we then begin with
a first shaft again, and draw in ends after the same manner, until the whole
warp is so drawn in; we then tie the gears to lambs and jacks in the common
way, tying the first back shaft to the first treadle on the right side with
a short cord, and also the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth
-shafts, with long cords, to the same treadle. Then, to the seventh treadle,
counting from the right side, we tie the fifth shaft, counting from the back,
with a short cord, and also the first, second, third, fourth, sixth, seventh, and
eighth shafts to the same shaft, with long cords; next to the second treadle
counting from the right, we tie the second shaft, counting from the back, with
a short cord, and also the first, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth
shafts to the same treadle, with long cords. Then to the eighth treadle,
counting from the right side, we tie the sixth shaft, counting from the back,
with a short cord, and also the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, seventh, and
eighth shafts to the same shaft, with long cords. Next to the third treadle,
counting from the right, we tie the third shaft, counting from the back, with
a short cord, and also the first, second, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth

page_text: shafts to the same treadle, with long cords; then to the ninth treadle, counting
from the right side, we tie the seventh shaft, counting from the back, with a
short cord, and also the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and eighth
shafts, with long cords, to the same treadle. Next to the fourth treadle,
counting from the right, we tie the fourth shaft, counting from the back, with
a short cord, and also the first, second, third, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth
shafts, with long cords; then to the tenth treadle, counting from the right side,
we tie the eighth shaft, counting from the back, with a short cord, and also
the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh shafts to the same
treadle, with long cords. Next to the fifth treadle, counting from the right, we
tie the first, third, fifth, and seventh shafts, counting from the back, with short
cords, and also to the same treadle, the second, fourth, sixth, and eighth shafts,
with long cords. Lastly, to the sixth treadle, counting from the right, we tie
the second, fourth, sixth, and eighth shafts, with short cords, and also the first,
third, fifth, and seventh shafts, with long cords. We then draw the warp into
the reed, two ends into each dent, until it is all drawn in, and the loom is
prepared for work. When the material is woven the down is raised upon its
face with cards and teazles, and it may be dyed by any of the processes
in common use. When the face of the material is to be of silk, we employ
properly prepared silk for the weft, instead of the carded and roved cotton
before mentioned.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Gillman, party hereto, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventeenth day of May, in the
year of our Lord Que thousand eight hundred and twenty-four
театрт
JOSEPH (L.) GILLMAN.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Seventeenth day of May, in the
year of our Lord 1824, the aforesaid Joseph Gillman came before our said
Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Seventeenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and twenty-four.