IuPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MOSES
POOLE, of Lincoln's Inn, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Tenth day of July, in the eighth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Moses
Poole, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said Moses Poole, my exors, adñiors, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Moses Poole, my exors, adñiors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within England, Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon, and in the
Isles of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, and Man, and also in all Her said
Majesty's Colonies and Plantations abroad, the Invention of "IuPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER," communicated to me by a certain Foreigner
residing abroad; in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I,
the said Moses Poole, shall cause a particular description of the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters
Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully
and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Moses Poole, do hereby declare that the nature of the said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, (that is to say):-
The Improvements in the Manufacture of Paper consists in the employment
of the broom plant reduced to a pulpy state, as will be more particularly
described. There are various kinds of the broom, but the one most preferable
is the common broom, because it is obtained in greater quantity. It may be
used either in a green or dried state, either by being first steeped in water or
not. The branches of the plant are to be first submitted to violent crushing
or bruising by any suitable machinery. After the plant has been subject for
some time to the crushing or grinding process, the ligneous or woody parts
may be readily separated from the filamentous parts, and should be subject to
a further process of grinding before they are mixed with the filamentous parts.
In the process of grinding or crushing, the plant should be immersed in water
either hot or cold, and should be continually changed, but I prefer that the
water should be heated to about thirty or thirty-five degrees of Reaumer.
This crushing process should be continued until the water in which it is
immersed flows away without any color. The pulpy matter is then to be
submitted to great pressure in order to force out the water contained therein,
and afterwards submitted to a lessive of lime with or without a quantity of
soda, according to the quality of the paper to be made. The strength of the
lessive I generally use is about ten pounds of soda to about two hundred pounds
of the pulp prepared as above described. It is then put into a washing mill
in order to have it untwisted and thoroughly washed, taking care to remove all
the woody parts which float on the surface. The pulp is then again submitted
to pressure and divided into small parcels till it is in a fit state to bo bleached,
and is to he bleached, and is to be then exposed to the action of chlorine either
in vapour or in a liquid state. In putting it into a bath of liquid chlorine, the
chlorine should be of about twenty-five degrees of Reaumer, and after having
remained in this bath about twenty-five minutes, I add about one quarter of a
pint of muriatic acid for every two hundred pounds of the pulp; in this state
it is allowed to rest about six hours, and the pulp is in a fit state to be manu-
factured into paper; the process will be complete. The quantities of chemical
proportions may be varied according to the season, and also to the state of
dryness in which the plant is.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of
performing the sanie, I would have it understood that I do not confine myself
to the precise details described herein of preparing the materials, nor to the

page_text: means of bleaching, as other modes of bleaching may be used. But what I
claim is the preparation and employment of a pulpy matter obtained from the
broom plant to the manufacture of paper.
In witness whereof, I, the said Moses Poole, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Tenth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-five.
MOSES (L.B.) POOLE.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Tenth day of January,
in the year of our Lord 1845, the aforesaid Moses Poole, Esquire, came
before our said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Tenth day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-five.

page_text: En the Matter of Letters Patent granted to Moses Poole, of the Patent
Office, Searle Street, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for an
Invention communicated to him by certain Foreigners residing
abroad, of "Improvements in the Manufacture of Paper," and bearing
date at Westminster, the Tenth day of July, One thousand eight
hundred and forty-four.
DISCLAIMER and MEMORANDUM of ALTERATION entered by the said
Moses Poole, pursuant to the provisions of an Act passed in the fifth and
sixth years of the reign of His late Majesty King William the Fourth,
intituled "An Act to amend the Law touching Letters Patent for
Inventions."
I, the said Moses Poole, do hereby declare that since the inrollment of the
Specification of the said Invention, it has been discovered that the explanation
of the method pursued for the preparation of the different parts of the plant is
not so clear as it was intended to have been, and for this reason I, the said
Moses Poole, do hereby disclaim the following part of my said Specification,
that is to say, all the words after the words "steeped in water or not," to
where the claiming clause begins with the words "Having thus described the
nature of the Invention." And I do hereby alter the said Specification by
substituting in lieu of the parts so disclaimed as aforesaid, the following words,
that is to say: "By experience in the manufacture of paper from the broom,
it has been found adviseable to separate, by any convenient means, the stalks
from the sprigs, and to reduce them separately to the state of pulp or half
"stuff by crushing or bruising with any suitable machine. In the process of
crushing or bruising, the plant should be immersed in water either hot or
cold, which should be continually changed, but I prefer that the water
"should be heated to about 30° or 35° of Reaumer; this crushing process
"should be continued until the water flows away quite clear. The half stuff
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is then to be drained and afterwards boiled in a caustic lime ley, with or
"without a quantity of soda, according to the quality of the paper to be made.
"The half stuff is then put into a washing engine and reduced to a state of
pulp, and afterwards manufactured into brown paper in the ordinary way.
"For white paper the strength of the ley I generally use is about ten pounds

page_text: "of lime to two pounds of soda, for about one hundred pounds of the half stuff'
"prepared as above described. For white paper, the pulp from the washing
engine is to be drained or pressed and divided for bleaching, and is to be
"then exposed to the action of chlorine either in vapour or in a liquid state,
"as in the ordinary manufacture of paper from rags. In this state it is
allowed to rest about six hours, and the pulp is in a fit state to be
"manufactured into white paper. The quantities of chemical proportions
may be varied according to the season, and also to the state of dryness in
"which the plant is."
L.B.)
This is to certify that the within-named Moses Poole, of the Patent Office,
Searle Street, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, has applied to me for
leave to enter the above-written Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration of
part of the Specification of a certain Invention for which Letters Patent were
duly granted to him under the Great Seal of Great Britain, dated at West-
ninster, the Tenth day of July, One thousand eight hundred and forty-four,
and the Specification of which was enrolled on the Tenth day of January, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-five. And ou
considering the said application, I directed him to advertize his said Disclaimer
and Alteration in the London Gazette, and in the Times and Morning
Chronicle Newspapers; and such advertizements have been duly made,
namely, in the said Gazette and Times and Morning Chronicle Newspapers, in
the Gazette of March the Eighteenth, and in the Times of March the
Fifteenth, and in the Morning Chronicle of March the Fourteenth, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-five.
And no objection having been duly made to the said petition, I have
accordingly given leave to the said Moses Poole to file his Disclaimer and
Memorandum of Alteration, pursuant to the Statute passed in the fifth and
sixth year of the Reign of His late Majesty King William the Fourth, intituled
An Act to amend the Law touching Letters Patent for Inventions.
Templa
T

page_text: AND. BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-sixth day of April, ip
the year of our Lord 1845, the aforesaid Moses Poole came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Disclaimer afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Disclaimer aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
...Enrolled the Seventh day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and forty-five.