Improvements in Looms for Weaving Brussels Carpets and other Figured Fabrics.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1892
Complete Specification Left, 13th Jan., 1893-Accepted, 13th Apr., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Brussels Carpets and other
Figured Fabrics.
WILLIAM CHARLES SMITH No. 13 Dudley Street Kidderminster Loom Tuner
and Mechanic JOHN BARLOW No. 1 Yew Tree Road Kidderminster Engineer
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention has for its object the manufacture of five frame Brussels carpets,
and other figured fabrics without the ordinary Jacquard.
It is of course applicable to more or less frames in the Brussels loom, and also
to Wilton or velvet carpets. This we do by an improved and simplified apparatus
for the selecting process hitherto accomplished by the Jacquard. In carrying this
out, we prefer to substitute wires for the cords in the harness, with eyes in them,
through which the figure warps are passed, and thence to the reed or slay in the
ordinary way. These wires may be acted upon by the cylinder and cards of the
pattern, or their equivalent, either from below or above, to produce the sheds for
the wire and shuttle to be inserted. They may be supported in position by hooks,
long eyes, or shoulders formed on them, resting on bars, or plates with holes
through, or in any convenient manner. This arrangement may at the same time
be made available for raising the whole of the figure warps in the Brussels loom,
for the weft to go on the back of the carpet.
The tension on the figure warps may be arranged to act on the harness wires in
accordance with the movements of the cylinder or selecting apparatus.
The weaving in other respects may be carried out in the ordinary manner.
Dand thin 11th day of Ail 1000
WILLIAM CHARLES SMITH;
No. 13; Dudley Street, Kidderminster.
JOHN BARLOW,
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving Brussels Carpets and other
Figured Fabrics.
We, WILLIAM CHARLES SMITH, of No. 13 Dudley Street, Kidderminster,
Worcestershire, Loom Tuner and Mechanic, and JOHN BARLOW, of 1, Yew Tree
Road, Kidderminster, aforesaid, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention has for its object the manufacture of five frame Brussels carpets
and other figured. fabrics. without the ordinary Jacquard. Our invention is
applicable. to more. or less frames in the Brussels loom, and also to looms for
weaving Wilton or velvet carpets. Our invention consists in an improved and
simplified apparatus for the selecting process hitherto accomplished by the
Jacquard.
In carrying out this invention we substitute wires for the cords in the harness,
with eyes in them, through which the figure warps are passed and thence to the
reed or slay in the ordinary way. These harness wires are acted: upon by the
cylinder and cards of the pattern. from below to produce the sheds. for the wire

page_text: and shuttle to be inserted. The harness wires may be supported in position by
hooks, long eyes, or shoulders formed on them, resting on bars or plates with holes
through, or in any convenient manner.
This arrangement may at the same time be made available for raising the whole
of the figure warps in the Brussels loom for the weft to go on the back of the
carpet. The tension on the figure warps may be arranged to act on the harness
wires in accordance with the movements of the cylinder or selecting apparatus.
The weaving in other respects may be carried out in the ordinary manner.
In order that our invention may be properly understood and carried into effect
we will now proceed to particularly describe the same by referring to the accom-
panying three sheets of drawings on which the same letters of reference indicate
the same parts in all the figures.
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a Brussels carpet loom with our invention applied,
certain well known portions of the loom being omitted so as to shew our invention
more clearly;
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of part of the same;
Figs. 3 and 4 are side sectional elevations of the same shewing the parts in
different positions as hereinafter described;
Figs. 5 and 6 shew on an enlarged scale the lower parts of the harness wires and
the cylinder and cards in cross section so as to illustrate the action of the same;
Fig. 7 shews the cylinder separately;
Fig. 8 shews separately in elevation and in plan the part by which the harness
wires are suspended; and
Fig. 9 shews in side and in front elevation one of the harness wires separately.
The wires (which we substitute for the cords in the harness) are marked A. In
the particular loom shewn upon our drawings which is made for weaving very
narrow stuff there are only forty of these harness wires arranged in three rows
that is to say there are fourteen wires in the front row, twelve wires in the middle
row and fourteen wires on the back row. It is to be understood however that we
use any number of these wires as may be required each wire being a substitute for
one of the usual harness cords. One of these harness wires is shewn separately by
Fig. 9. Each of the harness wires A is hooked at the top a¹ and is thereby
suspended from the slotted cross bar B which is fixed to the two vertical side
rods CC which are supported by and can move up and down in bearings in the
upper and lower cross plates D and E. The upper cross plate D is fixed by the
pillars F F to the side frames G1 G2 of the loom and the lower cross plate E is
also fixed to these two side frames. This cross bar B and its side rods C₁ C' are
shewn separately by Fig. 8. H is the pattern cylinder and I the pattern cards
arranged to move vertically up and down below the bottom ends a' of the harness
wires A. The vertical up and down movement of the pattern cylinder H and
cards I is obtained by the cylinder ends ¹h (Fig. 7) being carried in bearings in
the outer ends of the two side levers J J between which the cylinder His
located. These side levers turn about the fixed shaft K as a fulcrum and are
raised and lowered at the proper times by the two cams L¹ L' fixed on the
revolving shaft acting on the rollers j' on the levers J¹ J. In order to cause
the cylinder H to keep in a vertical line as it moves up and down instead of a
curve the levers J'J' are slotted at so as to be free to move to and fro about the
fulcrum K and the levers are prolonged beyond the shaft K and slotted at to
the peculiar form shewn in Figs. 3 and 4; so that as the levers J' J' move up
and down these slots acting on the fixed and stationary bar passing through
them will move the levers JJ' endwise to such an extent as that the cylinder H
will keep in a vertical line. The shaft is driven from the usual crank shaft M
by the spur wheels / m² so as to revolve at half the speed of the shaft M.
The harness wires A are kept the proper distances apart by the cross bar B and
by passing through corresponding holes in the lower cross plate E. Each of the
harness wires A has an eye a³ through which the figure warps n' n' are passed as

page_text: stated above. In each side of the cylinder H there are
(see Fig. 7) holes
corresponding with the harness wires A, and in the cards I there are holes
corresponding with those wires of the colour warps which in the various stitches do
not have to come to the top.
To form the sheds for the draw wires and shuttle the cylinder H is as above
described moved upwardly and the cards I act upon, and lift those harness wires A
and the colour warps threaded through them which are to form the top shed n¹
(see Fig. 4) the other harness wires passing through the card I and the cylinder H
to form the other colour warps into the lower shed *; the levers J¹ J' then in
rising come in contact with the lower ends of the side rods C' C' and lift the same
and the cross bar B and wires A into the top position (see Fig. 4) so that those
warps of the wires A which are lifted by the pattern card form the top shed n' and
the other warps of the wires A which passed through the card I and cylinder H form
the lower shed n'. In the weaving the draw wires are (as is well known) inserted
between these two sheds n¹ n' and the shuttle passes underneath them in the
usual way.
To ensure the wires A moving down with the cylinder H to their lowest position
shewn by Figs. 1, 3 and 5, we provide above the harness wires A a sliding pusher O
the ends of which are guided by the side rods C¹ C' so as to move up and down
vertically. This pusher O is operated by the cam o' (Figs. 1 and 2) on the shaft l
acting through the lever of connecting rod o³ and top lever o' which latter is jointed
to the upper end of the stem o of the pusher O so that when the cylinder H and
cards are falling this pusher moves down on to the upper ends of the harness
wires A and pushes them down into their lower position shewn in Figs. 1, 3 and 5.
The side rods C¹ C' cross bar B with the harness wires A are supported in their
lowest position as shewn in Figs. 1 and 3 by the nuts f
g on the tops of the side
rods C C resting on the top of the upper cross piece
The so called card "cylinder" H is not strictly speaking a
"but B
prism but we have called it a cylinder as that is the name usually given to it by
weavers. We find the square shaped "cylinder" shewn on our drawings answers
well in practice but we do not confine ourselves to this shape as the "cylinder
may be hexagonal or of other form as in other looms.
66
cylinder
"
Various means may be adopted for turning the cylinder H to bring the next
card and side of the cylinder to the top ready to act upon the harness wires for
the next throw of the shuttle. The mechanism for this purpose which we shew in
Figs. 1, 3 and 4 we have found to answer well in practice but it is to be understood
that other cylinder turning mechanism may be substituted for this without
departing from the nature of our invention. The said cylinder mechanism which
we have shewn consists of an arm p' fixed to the slide p which is carried in the
bearing p and is jointed at p to the lever p³ joined to the loom frame at p. A
roller p on this lever på is acted upon by the cam pa on the shaft A so that when
the cylinder H is in its lowest position shewn by Figs. 1, and 3 the cam p³ moves
the fever p³, slide p³ and arm p¹ to the right hand (Fig. 4) and the top of the
arm p catches one of the ratchet teeth on the cylinder H and turns the
cylinder H far enough to bring the next side of the cylinder and card to the top.
The cylinder is held in this position by the usual spring slide 9 (Fig. 1) carried by
the arm J acting upon the bottom side of the cylinder.
It will be understood that we have only shewn a few of the cards upon our
drawing, and that the cards after coming into use pass down to the usual appliances
for holding the cards but with our invention as above described these appliances
are arranged below the loom or on the floor instead of being up above as is the
case when the ordinary Jacquard is used. The cards can thus be more readily got
at and the weaver's time is saved. Moreover with our invention as above described
the wear and tear of the working parts is much less than with an ordinary Jacquard
as we have no cords to wear and to renew and there is a much smaller percentage of
flights" from the yarns than is the case with a Jacquard.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :-
1
1. In looms for weaving Brussels carpets and other figured fabrics the herein-
described improved apparatus for selecting and lifting the figure warps to form the
pattern, consisting of the vertical harness wires through which the figure warps are
threaded in combination with the pattern cards and cylinder arranged to move up
and down below the harness wires and to lift the same and the figure warps at the
proper times all substantially as herein before set forth.
2. In a loom fitted with figure warp selecting and lifting apparatus of the kind
denoted under claim one, the construction and arrangement of the harness wires A
and the means for supporting the same substantially as herein before set forth.
3. In a loom fitted with figure warp selecting and lifting apparatus of the kind
denoted under claim one,. means for pushing the harness wires down to their lowest
position after they have been raised, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.
4. In a loom fitted with figure warp selecting and lifting apparatus of the kind
denoted under claim one the means for moving the pattern cards and cylinders up
and down vertically to act upon the harness. wires substantially as hereinbefore set
forth.
5. In looms for weaving Brussels carpets and other figured fabrics the construction
and combination of parts constituting the improved figure warp selecting and
lifting apparatus arranged and operating in the manner substantially as herein-
before described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 12th day of January 1893.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,.
Agent for the Applicants.