IMPROVEMENTS IN TWISTING MACHINES FOR MANUFACTURING TWISTED AND ALSO TWIST COVERED CORD, ROPE, STRANDS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
Year: 1884

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of N° 11 Wellington Street, Strand, London, in
the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of my
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN TWISTING MACHINES FOR MANUFACTURING
TWISTED AND ALSO TWIST COVERED CORD, ROPE, STRANDS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to improvements in machines for twining or twisting
hemp or any other vegetable fibro and also wire into cords, ropes, strands and
similar objects, and by means of which arrangement strands and ropes of any
desired length can be simultaneously finished in a very small spaco or, as is 'some-
times required in the manufacture of fringes, can be spun round with a second
thread, that is to say, can be faced or covered with another outor twist.
The annexed Drawings show:
Figure 1 a view of the main part of the apparatus with a section at n―m in
Fig. 2.
Figure 2 a plan of the apparatus.
Figure 3 a complete side view in connection with an outer twisting or facing
apparatus.
Figuro 3, a modification of a copping reel, also aro shewn in.
Figures 4 and 5 three armed brackets with their bobbin frames.
Figures 6 and 7 the facing apparatus, and Figure 8 a section through the
copping reel.
Motion is imparted to the machine from any available motor by the horizontal
shaft B, which, by means of the conical wheel work Cc moves the vertical shafts S
of several apparatus, standing in any desired number one after another.
On each of these vertical shafts are fixed two brackets L and L' (with 3 or more
arms) carrying in movable bearings the vortical shafts of the actual bobbin

page_text: frames R (Figures 4 and 5) and between them small spur wheels t, externally
toothed, which gear with the inside toothed wheelwork of the crown 2, Figures 1
and 2, fixed, we will assume, on the frame of the apparatus..
On an annexed side part of the frame (see Figure 3) a tenon d³ is so secured in
the bearing, that it may be allowed to turn. This tenon d carries a second
frame R¹ and receives its impulsion by means of pulleys d, d from the opposite
standing shaft S. From this movement is derived by means of the dead wheel D
and wheel E and the spur wheels p, q and u v, which can be exchanged, the motion
of the reel win in the interior of the frame R', which serves for winding up the
finished product.
The working of the apparatus is as follows:-
In cach of the bobbin frames R is put a vertical or a horizontal bobbins and
filled up with single or more twisted yarn or wire, or with the necessary raw
material.
From theso bobbins a the material is drawn off between the cheoks T forming
brake and regulating the tension; the different threads then passing through the
top openings S¹ of the vertical shaft S, are there united and led from thence over
rollers through the hole y of the bobbin-frame R¹, arranged exactly over the
centre of the tenon d² for the purpose of winding them upon the reel w.
By the aid of the wheel work above described the threads coming from the
bobbins & receive, in addition to the movement of rotation around the axle S, also
a rotation around their own axis in an opposite direction to the rotation of the
shaft S whereby the threads are twisted to a strand and come as such out of tho
top opening of the vertical shaft S.
The final twist is given by the rotation of the frame R¹ with its recl w upon
which the manufactured rope then winds and the firm twisting is thus effected.
By exchanging the pairs of spur wheels p q and uv in communication with the
reel more or less pitch may be given to the twist of the strands.
In order to give the different twist in the beginning of the turning of the thread,
the wheel is not (as previously assumed for the easier comprehension of my
Invention) fixed on the frame, it has an external gearing in which catch small spur
wheels m (see Figures 1 and 2) carried on the frame.
These spur wheels receive their movement by the exchangeable pulleys n n¹
from the main shaft S, so that the wheel z is also turned, and thus the relative
speed of the threads coming from the bobbins to the speed of rotation of the main
shaft may be changed as desired.
If an extra covering of the produced strands is to be effected, the covering
apparatus (Figures 6 and 7) must be introduced into the machine as shewn in
Fig. 3.
The threads leaving the bobbins & then go through the cheeks T and are turned
into strands by the above described rotation through the hollow bolt of the wheels k
and through the slot-holes which are in connection with the main shaft S.
f.
The covering apparatus itself consists of an externally toothed crown a fastened
on the frame and carrying above itself a three armod bracket H which is so keyed
on the shaft S, that it is placed mid way between the bobbin frame R and the top
roller carrying away the strands,. and in the same direction with the lower
brackets L L. In a slit of this bracket H is a spur wheel g; the axle of which
supports the wheel b gearing with the externally toothed crown a.
While the wheel b is in gear with the wheel a the wheel g seated on the same
axle as b, gears with the wheel h in the slit of the bracket H.
On the vertical axle of the wheel is the wheel i which gears with the wheel k
on the hollow tenon, serving as guide for the passage of the throad. On this tenon
is also the actual covering frame R³ containing the bobbin 8.
The result of the above described arrangements of gearing is that the small wheel
connected with the toothed crown a, is obliged to revolve around its axle when the
bracket H is rotating, and thereby cause a rotation of the covering frame R³ with
Bobbins &², around the thread passing through the hollow teronk and the slot-holo"

page_text: and thereby the covering or twining of the thread around the strand is accomplished.
Instead of the copping wheel, a vertical basket or drum can be fastened by screws
on the axle de, so that this basket or drum R³ can turn with the axle exactly in
the same manner as the copping reel.
In order to stretch uniformly a strong rope and to lay it down in a uniform
manner in the revolving basket an arrangement is made consisting of the two
pulleys ww provided with grooves (Fig. 3º) and pressed against each other by
strong springs.
These pulleys turning in an opposite direction, as shown by the arrows, are set
working by means of two pairs of angular wheels.u v and these are set in rotation
by the sheave-drum q fastened on the end of the angular-wheel-axle and moved
with the pulley p and conical wheel E by the revolving of the basket.
On the end of the opening S₁ are fastened two conical brake-cheeks S' with
polished inner faces and pressed towards each other by springs, whereby the
product is stretched and glazed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1º-A twisting machine effecting the formation of a strand by twisting on one
and the same bobbin any desired number of threads, which have not been
previously twisted at all, or which may have been separately slightly twisted on
a second copping reel, and twisting any desired number of these strands simul-
taneously to a rope;-also covering if required at the same time the several
strands, after the manner set forth in explaining the working of the above
described machine, which may be arranged in a horizontal or in a vertical manner.
2° In a machine for twisting or plaiting hemp or other vegetable fibre, or wire,
for ropes, strands and similar objects, the following arrangements.
a) The arrangement of the interior (and for regulating the twist of the strands
also exterior) toothed wheel z, by means of which in combination with the whoels t
supported by the brackets L, the bobbins a are caused to turn around their own
axles in a direction opposite to that of their revolution with the main shaft S of the
apparatus, and thereby to manufacture the strands.
b) The frames R which, resting in the moveable bearings of the brackets, support
the material-bobbins 8, from which the material is wound off between the cheeks
forming brake and regulating the tension.
c) The copping reel w, which receives its movement around its axle by means of
the above described transmissions, and is seated inside the bobbin frame R¹ which
is itself rotated in the same manner as the main shaft, whereby the strand is
twisted into a rope.
d) The arrangement of the holes S' on the end of the vertical shaft S, by means
of which in combination with the roller r fixed on a support and with the opening y
in the frame of the copping reel exactly over its pivot of rotation, a suitable
conducting of the strand is effectuated during the formation of the ropes.
c) An arrangement eventually to be combined with the above described machine
for outer twisting, that is to say, for covering the products with a second thread,
consisting of the combination of the transmitting wheels bg hi and k first with a
fixed tootlied crown a, then with a bobbin frame R2, the latter rotating, in
consequence of this transmission, around the strand passing through the hollow
axle and in course of formation.
f) Instead of the copping reel the arrangement of a vertical basket and drum
screwed on the axle d' so that this basket or drum turns with the axle exactly in
the same manner as the copping reel.
g) In order to stretch and lay down in a uniform manner a strong rope into the
revolving basket; an arrangement, consisting of the pulleys ww (Fig. 3) provided
with grooves, pressed together by strong springs and put in motion by two pairs of
angular-wheels u v (Fig. 3ª) made to rotate by means of the cord or shcave-drum 4

page_text: -
fastened on the end of the axle of the angular-wheels and moved with the pulley ?
and conical wheel E in consequence of the revolving of the basket.
h) The arrangement of the extremity of the opening S¹ of two conical and inside
polished cheeks S2 forming brake and pressed together by means of springs,
whereby the product is stretched and glazed.
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