and Registering the Fares Printed thereon, Chiefly Designed for Use in Tramway-cars or Omnibuses.
Year: 1885

page_text: and Registering the Fares Printed thereon, Chiefly Designed
for Use in Tramway-cars or Omnibuses.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PRINTING AND DELIVERING
TICKETS AND REGISTERING THE FARES PRINTED THEREON, CHIEFLY DESIGNED FOR
USE IN TRAMWAY-CARS OR OMNIBUSES "
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus for printing tickets upon a continuous strip
of paper, and delivering or feeding the same into position to permit the said tickets
to be torn off, and for registering the fares printed on the said tickets, which
apparatus is chiefly designed to be used in tramway cars or omnibuses, to prevent
fraud by the conductors thereof.
The improved apparatus comprises an adjustable type-wheel or printing roller
for printing on the tickets different fares, destinations or other particulars,
according to the special circumstances for which the said tickets are issued, as
described in the Specification of former Letters Patent dated 4th April A.D. 1884,
No 5958.
This type-wheel is arranged in combination with a pad operated by a lever or
other suitable means and with rollers for delivering the ticket or pushing it, when
printed, through a slit in the case of the apparatus so that it can be readily torn
off. I also provide, in combination with the said type-wheel, means for registering
the fares printed on the said tickets, and, in some cases, I employ a lever carrying
an inking pad so constructed that it will hold a considerable supply of ink.
The present invention, moreover, comprises a peculiarly constructed device con-
sisting essentially of a cam or disc (which I term a calculating disc) combined with
a ratchet-wheel and a pawl carried by a lever. This disc is made slightly larger in
diameter than the ratchet-wheel, and is recessed or cut away around its periphery
so as to leave a series of parts which extend beyond the periphery of the ratchet-
wheel. The said cam is made adjustable so that in each stroke of the lever and
TD 077

page_text: pawl to actuate the ratchet-wheel the said pawl will be held out of engagement
with the ratchet-wheel for a longer or shorter time according to the length of the
projecting part of the disc or cam over which it has to pass..
My improved apparatus is conveniently and advantageously constructed as
follows, that is to say ;-The type wheel is fixed on a shaft which projects through
one side of the case and is provided with a milled wheel or other means for rotating
it by hand to adjust the type-wheel. A disc marked with the fares is combined
with the said type-wheel and so arranged relatively to the said wheel, and to an
aperture in the case, that it will indicate the position of the said wheel. The other
end of the said shaft extends through a frame and through the other side of the
case. A cam, which I will hereinafter term the operating cam, and which is formed
On the outer end
with a long hub or sleeve, is fitted loosely upon the said shaft.
of the said hub or sleeve, outside the case, is fixed a lever for operating the
mechanism. The pad is made with a rod or stem which passes through a suitable
guide and is coupled at its upper end to one arm of a lever. The other arm of
this lever is arranged to be acted upon, at the proper time, by the operating cam,
to press the said pad and the strip of paper against the type-wheel.
The ratchet-wheel of the registering mechanism is mounted loosely on the
aforesaid hub or sleeve, and the calculating disc above described is fixed upon the
The said
shaft of the type-wheel. The pawl is carried by the said operating cam.
calculating disc is so arranged that, when the type-wheel is adjusted to print a
certain fare, the said disc will be in such a position that the pawl, before engaging
with the ratchet-wheel, must pass over a projecting part thereof, the length of which
is inversely proportionate to the amount of such fare. Therefore, when the type-
wheel is set to print the smallest fare, the pawl will engage with the ratchet-wheel
for the shortest length of time, and vice versa.
A notched disc or cam resembling a snail-wheel is fixed on one side of the
ratchet-wheel and is arranged in combination with a spring lever carrying a pawl,
which engages with a toothed wheel. I prefer to make the ratchet-wheel with
One revolution of
forty-eight teeth and the said toothed wheel with fifty teeth.
the ratchet-wheel will then effect indications up to two shillings, and will cause the
rotation of the toothed wheel a distance equal to one of the teeth thereof, the cam
moving the pawl back over one tooth and the spring lever rotating the toothed
wheel a corresponding distance when the end of the said lever enters the notch.
One revolution of the toothed wheel will effect the indications up to five pounds.
It is obvious, however, that the said ratchet-wheel can be connected to other
suitable registering mechanism, if desired.
To provide for actuating the rollers for pushing the printed ticket through the
slit in the casing, a pinion is fixed on the axis of one of the said rollers. This
pinion gears with a toothed wheel mounted loosely on the type-wheel-shaft,
and provided with seven or any other suitable number of projecting pins. The
aforesaid operating cam is provided with a pawl which engages with the said pins,
so that the said toothed wheel is partially rotated during the return movement of
the said cain, which is caused by a retracting spring arranged in combination with
the operating lever.
I sometimes connect the pad directly to the operating lever, in which case the
said lever is suitably connected with a lever carrying a pawl adapted to engage
with a notched wheel or disc fixed on one side of the toothed wheel for rotating the
aforesaid rollers to push the ticket out of the case.
The inking of the type-wheel or printing roller can, if desired, be effected by
means of a ribbon as described in the said former specification. But, in some cases,
the operating cam is arranged to act upon a lever carrying an inking pad, which
lever is so placed that the pad faces the surface of the type-wheel next that which
is in position for printing. To ensure the inking of the proper surface by the said
pad I mount the type-wheel in such a manner that it is free to turn, say one sixth
of a revolution thereon, or other suitable distance according to the number of faces
on the type-wheel. A coiled spring is attached at one end to the type-wheel and

page_text: at the other end to the shaft thereof, and is so arranged that, when the shaft is turned
to adjust the type-wheel, the said spring and the type-wheel will turn therewith.
When the operating lever is depressed, the operating cam first acts upon the lever
carrying the inking pad so as to press the latter against the type-wheel, and ink
one of the surfaces thereof; it then acts upon another lever which engages with
one of a series of pins fixed in the type-wheel and moves the said wheel so as to
bring the inked surface into position for printing, at the same time extending the
said spring. The said cam then effects the printing and registering, and the
reaction of the spring turns the type-wheel back to its original position.
The aforesaid inking pad is made as follows, that is to say:-A perforated plate
of brass or other suitable material is attached to two supporting arms.
On one side
of this plate is placed a piece of felt or other soft absorbent material. The ink is
poured over the back of the perforated plate so as to fill the holes therein, which
are then closed by inserting another plate in grooves at the back of the perforated
plate. The felt or other material absorbs the ink from the said holes as required.
The pad thus formed will hold a supply of ink sufficient to last for about a week
when the apparatus is in constant use.
If desired, I arrange a bell in the casing of the apparatus and provide means
whereby it will be sounded during the movement of the operating lever.
The roll of paper on which the tickets are to be printed is placed on a pin or stud
fixed in the frame or casing of the apparatus. To enable the conductor to insert a
fresh roll of paper, when one roll is finished, without permitting him to tamper with
the mechanism, I sometimes make the apparatus in such a manner that the lower
part of the casing can be opened, and provide suitable means whereby one end of
the strip of paper can be readily passed between the pad and the type-wheel and
between the feeding or delivering rollers. And, in some cases, I provide a lever or
other suitable device, so arranged that, when, and not until, a roll of paper is
finished, the lower part of the apparatus will be automatically unlocked thereby,
so that it can be opened by the conductor.
Dated this 24th day of February 1885.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.

page_text: and Registering the Fares Printed thereon, Chiefly Designed
for Use in Tramway-cars or Omnibuses.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake and Cº, Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to apparatus for printing and delivering tickets and for
registering the fares printed thereon, and is chiefly designed to prevent fraud by
the conductors of tramway-cars or omnibuses.
The improved apparatus comprises an adjustable type-wheel for printing on a
continuous strip of paper different fares, destinations or other particulars according
to the special circumstances for which each ticket is issued, as described in the
specification of former Letters Patent dated 4th April, A.D. 1884, N° 5958.
An important feature of the said invention is the employment of a peculiarly
constructed device consisting essentially of a cam or disc (which I term a calculating
disc) fixed on a shaft and combined with a ratchet-wheel fitted to rotate on the
said shaft and with a pawl operated by a lever. This cam or disc is formed with
projections which extend outward beyond the teeth of the said ratchet-wheel, and
which differ in circumferential length. The said cam or disc is capable of
adjustment to cause either of its projections to bold the said pawl out of engage-
ment with the ratchet-wheel. In each stroke or movement of the lever and pawl
to actuate the ratchet-wheel, the said pawl is held out of engagement with the
said wheel during a longer or shorter part of such stroke or movement according
to the length of the projection over which it has to pass.
The said invention, moreover, comprises various improvements hereinafter set
forth.
The improved apparatus is conveniently and advantageously constructed as
shewn in the accompanying drawing, in which,
Figure 1 is a plan of the said apparatus, with the top of the casing removed to
shew the internal mechanism.
Figure 2 is a vertical section through the casing, shewing the said mechanism
in side elevation.
Figure 3 is a transverse section through the casing, shewing the said mechanism
in end elevation.
Figure 4 is a section on the line x, x, Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a sectional elevation shewing details of construction.
Figure 6 is a plan, and
Figure 7 a longitudinal section of an inking pad hereinafter described.
Like letters indicate corresponding parts throughout the drawing.
a is the casing of the apparatus. b is the type-wheel, which is fitted with a
capability of partial rotation upon a shaft c carried in bearings in the casing a and

page_text: frame a*, and projecting through the sides of the said casing as shewn, and which
is connected with the said shaft as hereinafter described. This shaft is provided
with a milled wheel d for rotating it by hand to adjust the said type-wheel. A disc
or plate e is fixed on the shaft c and has different fares marked thereon at suitable
intervals, to correspond with those on the type-wheel. This disc or plate is so
arranged relatively to the type-wheel b and to an aperture a¹ in the casing a that,
when the said type-wheel is adjusted to bring one of its printing surfaces into
position to be inked, as hereinafter described, the fare on the said disc or plate,
corresponding with that on the said printing surface, will be visible through the
said aperture.
f is a cam, which is formed with a long hub or sleeve f¹, and is fitted with a
capability of rotation upon the shaft c. On the outer end of the said hub or sleeve,
outside the casing a, is fixed a lever for operating the mechanism as hereinafter
described. A spring f' is attached to the casing a and is coupled by means of a
link f³ to a pin or stud f* fixed in the cam f. In the operation of the apparatus
by means of the lever g, this spring is compressed, and, when the lever is released,
the said spring reacts and effects the return movement of the parts. A handle g¹
is attached to the casing a to facilitate the operation of the lever g in a well known
manner.
h is the printing pad, which is made with a rod or stem h. This rod or stem
is coupled at its upper end to an arm or lever i fixed on a shaft i¹, on which is also
fixed an arm or lever 22. j is the continuous strip of paper which is to be printed
to form the tickets, and which is rolled up and inserted in the lower part of the
casing. The lever 2 is arranged to be acted upon, at the proper time, by the
projecting part f* of the cam f, to cause it to press the pad h and the paper strip j
against the type-wheel b for the purpose of printing a ticket. The return move-
ment of the pad h is effected by the springs i³.
k is a ratchet-wheel forming part of the registering mechanism, and fitted with
a capability of rotation on the hub or sleeve f¹. In combination with this ratchet-
wheel, I employ a calculating disc which is fixed upon the shaft c so that it will
be adjusted simultaneously with the type-wheel. A pin or shaft m is fitted in a
bearing in the cam f, and has two pawls m¹, m³, fixed thereon so that they act like
a single pawl. The pawl m¹ is acted upon by a spring m³ which tends to hold it
in engagement with the ratchet-wheel k. The pawl m² bears upon the periphery
of the disc. This disc has a series of projections which, as above described,
extend outward beyond the teeth of the ratchet-wheel, and differ in circum-
ferential length. The pawls m', m² are so placed relatively to each other and to
the ratchet-wheel k and disc that, when the pawl m² bears against one of the
projections, the engagement of the pawl mi with the ratchet-wheel will be
prevented. The said projections vary in length in inverse proportion to the fares,
that is to say, the longest projection corresponds with the smallest fare which the
apparatus is capable of printing, and vice versa.
The disc is so arranged relatively to the type-wheel that, when the said wheel
is adjusted to bring either of its printing surfaces into position to print a ticket,
the corresponding projection of the said disc will be in position to hold the pawl
out of engagement with the ratchet-wheel. Therefore, when the lever g is depressed
to operate the apparatus, before the pawl m³ can engage with the ratchet-wheel k,
the pawl m³ must pass over a projection ¹ of such length that, in a complete
movement of the lever g, the ratchet-wheel will only be rotated sufficiently to
register the fare printed on the ticket.
A pin or stud n is fixed in one side of the ratchet-wheel k. In each revolution
of the said ratchet-wheel, this pin raises a lever o which is pivotted upon a pin or
stud o¹ fixed in the casing a, and which carries a pawl o² adapted to engage with a
ratchet-wheel p fitted to rotate on the pin or stud o¹. The lever o is acted upon
by a spring o³, which is compressed when the said lever is raised by the pin n, and
which, when the said pin passes from under the lever, reacts and moves the said

page_text: lever downward, thereby rotating the ratchet-wheel p through a distance equal to
the length of one tooth thereof. 1, p¹, are retaining pawls for preventing
backward movement of the said ratchet-wheels.
I prefer to make the ratchet-wheel k with forty-eight teeth and the ratchet-
wheel p with fifty teeth, so that the ratchet-wheel k, in making one revolution,
will effect indications up to two shillings, and will, as above described, cause the
rotation of the wheel p through a distance equal to the length of one tooth
thereof; and the wheel p, in making one revolution, will effect indications up
to five pounds. These ratchet-wheels are suitably graduated and marked with
figures or numeral characters, and are so arranged that the said figures or numeral
characters can be seen through an aperture in the casing a, and fingers or pointers
attached to the said casing are arranged in combination with the said wheels. Or
the said wheels are connected with hands or pointers for indicating upon suitable
dials the total amount of money received.
It is obvious, however, that the said ratchet-wheels can be otherwise arranged.
Or, if desired, the wheel k can be connected with other suitable registering
mechanism.
q, q are rollers for feeding or delivering the printed tickets through the slit a²
in the casing a. A pinion is fixed on the axis of the roller q¹. This pinion
gears with a toothed wheels through an intermediate pinion 1. The wheels is
fitted with a capability of rotation on the shaft c and is provided with seven
apertures 8. Or it may have any other suitable number of these apertures.
A pawl f is carried by, and pivotted to, the cam f and is acted upon by a
spring f, whereby it is caused to enter one or other of the said apertures, when
the cam fis rotated by the lever g, so that, in the return movement of the said
cam, the said pawl will act upon the wheel s and partially rotate the same, thereby
feeding the ticket through the slit a².
t is an arm or lever fixed on a shaft t¹, on which is also fixed an arm or lever t'
carrying an inking pad u. The lever t is provided with a pin or stud t³ which bears
against the periphery of the cam f. The said levers t, t2 and inking pad u are so
arranged relatively to the type-wheel b and printing pad h that the said inking
pad is opposite one of the surfaces of the said type-wheel adjacent to that which
is in position for printing. To permit the movement of the surface inked by the
pad u, into position for printing, I mount the type-wheel b on the shaft c in such
a manner that it is free to turn say one sixth of a revolution thereon, or other
suitable distance according to the number of printing surfaces on the type-wheel.
A coiled spring vis attached at one end to the type-wheel b and at the other end
to the shaft c, and is so arranged that, when the said shaft is turned to adjust the
type-wheel, the said spring and the type-wheel will turn therewith. Pins or
studs b¹ are fixed in the type-wheel, and a lever w is fixed upon a shaft w¹, on
which is also fixed a lever w³ provided with a pin or stud w³ which bears against
the periphery of the cam f. When the said cam is partially rotated by the lever g,
the lever wis thereby caused to act upon one of the said pins 6¹ and thus
move the type-wheel a sufficient distance to bring its inked surface into position
for printing.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows, that is to say:-The disc e and
type-wheel b are first adjusted so that the fare which it is desired to print upon
the ticket can be seen through the aperture al in the casing a; the printing
surface of the type-wheel corresponding with this fare is thus brought into position
to be inked by the pad u. Then, by moving the lever g, in the direction indicated
by the arrow in Figure 2, the cam f is partially rotated in the same direction. In
this movement, the said cam first permits the lever t² to be operated by its spring
.to press the inking pad u against the type-wheel, so that the said surface thereof
is inked; the said cam then acts upon the lever w² thereby rotating the type-wheel
until its inked surface is in position for printing, and, at the same time, winding
up the spring v. The cam then acts upon the lever and thereby presses the

page_text: printing pad h against the type-wheel and effects the printing of the ticket. At
the same time, the registration of the ticket is effected, the spring ƒ is compressed,
and the pawl f³ enters one of the apertures &¹ in the wheel s. The reaction of the
spring effects the return movement of the cam f. In this movement, the
lever is released by the cam and raised by its spring w, thereby withdrawing
the lever w from the pin b', so that the spring v reacts and turns the type-wheel
back to its original position. Moreover, in the return movement of the said cam,
the pawl facts upon the toothed wheel s and partially rotates the same, thereby
rotating the rollers q, q¹ in opposite directions and feeding or delivering the ticket
through the slit a². A serrated knife a³ is secured to the casing a to facilitate the
tearing off of the ticket.
I sometimes make the inking pad as shewn in Figures 6 and 7, that is to say,
I attach a perforated plate y of brass or other suitable material to two supporting
arms or levers t. On one side of this plate I place a piece y¹ of felt or other soft
absorbent material. The plate y is provided with grooves or channels y² to receive
another plate y³. To prepare the pad for use, the plate y³ is removed and the ink
is poured over the back of the perforated plate y, so that it fills the holes therein,
the plate y³ is then inserted in the grooves y³ to retain the ink in the said holes.
The felt or other material absorbs the ink as required. A pad can thus be formed
which will hold a sufficient supply of ink to enable the apparatus to be constantly
used for about a week without refilling.
I sometimes connect the printing pad directly to the operating lever, in which
case the said lever is suitably connected with a lever carrying a pawl adapted to
engage with a notched wheel or disc fixed on one side of the toothed wheel for
rotating the aforesaid rollers to push the ticket out of the case.
The inking of the type-wheel can, if desired, be effected by means of a ribbon as
described in the said former specification.
I sometimes arrange a bell in the casing of the apparatus and provide means
whereby it will be sounded during the movement of the operating lever.
The roll of paper on which the tickets are to be printed is placed loosely in the
casing of the apparatus as shewn. To enable the conductor of a tramway-car or
omnibus to insert a fresh roll of paper, when one roll is finished, without permitting
him to tamper with the mechanism, I prefer to make the casing of the apparatus
in two parts, which are connected or united by a hinge z, so that the lower part of
the casing can be opened. I provide suitable guides 21, 22 whereby one end of the
strip of paper can be readily passed between the pad h and the type-wheel b and
between the feeding or delivering rollers q, q¹.
In some cases, I provide a lever or other suitable device so arranged that, when,
but not until, a roll of paper is finished, the lower part of the apparatus will be
automatically unlocked, so that it can be opened by the conductor.
It is obvious that the adjustable cam or disc provided with the projections and
combined with the ratchet-wheel and with the pawl operated by the lever, can be
advantageously employed in combination with other mechanism than that above
described for the purpose specified or for any similar purpose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my foreign Correspondent I declare that what I claim is
First. The combination of parts comprising the adjustable cam or disc formed
with the projections, the ratchet-wheel, and the pawl operated by the lever,
whereby I provide for regulating the movement of the said ratchet-wheel, as, and
for the purposes, specified.
Second. The combination, with the operating lever, of a cam so formed and
arranged in combination with the other parts of the mechanism that it will effect
the operations of inking the type, printing the ticket, registering the fare, and
delivering the ticket into position to be severed from the strip, substantially as set
forth.

page_text: Third. The combination, with the said cam, of the pin or shaft m carrying the
pawls m¹, m², the ratchet-wheel k, and the calculating disc 7, substantially as, and
for the purpose, set forth.
Fourth. The combination of parts comprising the type-wheel connected with its
shaft by a spring, and means whereby the said type-wheel, after one of its surfaces
has been inked, can be partially rotated to bring the inked surface thereof into
position for printing, as, and for the purpose, specified.
Fifth. The improved apparatus consisting of the parts constructed and combined
substantially as described with reference to Figures 1 to 5 of the drawing and
operating as, and for the purpose, specified.
Sixth. The improved inking pad constructed substantially as described with
reference to Figures 6 and 7 of the drawing for the purpose specified.
Dated this 94th day of Macomber 180K
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.