Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for the Manufacture of Paper and other Bags.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Oct., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 23rd July, 1894-Accepted, 15th Sept., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for the Manufacture of
Paper and other Bags.
I JAMES NICHOLS, of The North Kent Paper Bag Works Snodland near
Rochester in the County of Kent Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
my said invention to be as follows:-
:-
The object of my invention is to effect further improvements in or relating to
the machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of paper and other bags, for which
I have obtained Letters Patent dated 18th June 1880, No. 2469.
My present invention consists in improved mechanical appliances for severing the
paper, while in motion, to any desired length, which is effected by the adjustment
or alteration of one spur or toothed wheel.
Also in improved arrangements of specially designed wheels rotating in a trough,
for applying the paste without the addition of scrapers to regulate the supply, as
in my said former Patent.
Also in improved arrangements of cylinders, so placed as to form the seams on
each side of the bag, in a closer and more compact space than heretofore.
The paper or other material, after leaving the curling guides or folders described
in my said former Patent, passes immediately between a pair of cylinders, which
draw the paper off the reel, as well as through the curling guides or folders. The
material then passes between another pair of rollers, which partly close the seam
down, and partially round the upper cylinder to and between another pair of
cylinders, where it is finally pressed down evenly, and immediately receives the
paste from an india rubber covered wheel, which takes its supply from a larger
wheel (preferably formed of gun metal) having a thin edge, the latter rotating in a
large trough supplied with paste, the substance of which regulates the supply.
By these means I am enabled to dispense with the scrapers above mentioned or
referred to.
The material then passes on between two other pairs of cylinders which hold it
firmly. The cutting cylinders are fitted between the last mentioned group of
cylinders, and are of small diameter, one being fitted with a serrated knife, and
the other with a corresponding groove. These wheels are geared together for
simultaneous rotation, and are driven by a pair of elliptical toothed wheels, so
arranged that, at the time when the knife is not cutting, the rotation is very slow,
but when the knife comes in contact with the material, it travels faster than the
material, and thereby severs it with a clean cut, the severed material being carried
away before the following material comes forward.
The lower elliptical wheel is keyed to a shaft which carries a change wheel for
determining the length of the required bag. This wheel is connected with the
main driving shaft by an intermediate toothed wheel, which runs on a set pin, the
set pin sliding in a slot on a movable segment working up and down as required on
bolt passing through the frame of the machine. By this improved arrangement
I am enabled to place a wheel of any suitable size on the machine, thus dispensing
with the several cutting cylinders of various sizes for governing the length of the
baga, as in my said former Patent, and also expediting the formation of the bag,
which is folded and half.completed before the material is severed.

page_text: Corresponding re-arrangements are made in some of the details, and the folding
of the bag is regulated by a screw. and nut, whereby it is readily placed in position
as required.
GEO.
DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery or Apparatus for the Manufacture of
Paper and other Bags.
I, JAMES NICHOLS, of The North Kent Paper Bag Works, Snodland, near
Rochester, in the County of Kent, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to effect further improvements in or relating to
the machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of paper and other bags, for which
I have obtained Letters Patent dated 18th June 1880, No. 2469.
My present invention consists in improved mechanical appliances for severing the
paper, while in motion, to any desired length, which is effected by the adjustment
or alteration of one spur or toothed wheel.
Also in improved arrangements of specially designed wheels rotating in a trough,
for applying the paste without the addition of scrapers to regulate the supply, as in
my said former Patent.
Also in improved arrangements of cylinders, so placed as to form the seams on
each side of the bag, in a closer and more compact space than heretofore.
And in order that my said invention may be particularly described and
ascertained, reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawing, being an
elevation of so much of the apparatus as is necessary to illustrate my present
improvements.
The paper or other material 27, after leaving the curling guides or folders
described in my said former Patent, passes immediately between the cylinders 2
and 3, which draw the paper off the reel as well as through the curling guides or
folders. From these rollers and 3 the paper is carried between the rollers 4
and 5, which partly close down the seams; in which condition it passes round
the semi-circumferences of the rollers 4 and 7, and between the rollers 6 and 7,
where the seams are finally pressed down evenly, at the same time receiving the
paste from the wheel 6, this wheel being covered with india rubber. The wheel 6
takes its supply of paste from the wheel 8 (preferably formed of gun metal) having
a thin edge. The wheel 8 revolves in a large trough 9 supplied with paste, the
substance of which regulates the supply. By means of this arrangement I am
enabled to dispense with scrapers for regulating, the supply of paste. The paper
or other material then passes between the cylinders 10, 11, and 12, 13, which hold
it firmly. The cutting cylinders 14, 15, are fitted between the last mentioned
group of cylinders, as shown. The cylinder 14 is fitted with a serrated knife 16,
and the cylinder 15 has a corresponding groove to receive the knife as it revolves.
The wheels 14 and 15 are geared together for simultaneous rotation, and are
(preferably) of a diameter of two inches. The spindle of the cylinder 15 is
elongated and carried through brass bearings. Upon this spindle the elliptical
wheel 17 is keyed or otherwise made fast, in gear with which is the elliptical
wheel 18, both wheels 17 and 18 being formed alike. The effect of this arrange-
ment of gearing is that at the time when the knife 16 is not cutting, the rotation of
the cylinders 14 and 15 is very slow, but when the knife comes in contact with the
material, the motion of the cylinders 14 and 15 is so accelerated that the knife
travels faster than the paper or other material, and, thereby severs it with a clean

page_text: cut; the severed material being carried away before the following material comes
forward. The elliptical wheel 18 is keyed to a shaft 19, the change wheel 20
being also keyed to the same shaft, the size of the change wheel 20 determining
the length of the bag required. The wheel 20 is driven by the intermediate toothed
wheel 21, in gear with the wheel 22 fast on the main driving shaft 1. The wheel 21
runs upon a set pin 23, the set pin being capable of adjustment in the slot 24 formed
in the arm of a segmental lever 25 pivoted at 26. By this arrangement I am
enabled to fit any suitable size of intermediate wheel 21 in gear with the wheels 20
and 22, and thereby adjust the machine to any required length of bag; thus
dispensing with the several cutting cylinders of various sizes for governing the
length of the bags, as described in my said former Patent, and also expediting the
formation of the bag which is folded and half completed before the material is
severed.
The arrangements for folding are similar to those described in said former
my
Patent, and are actuated by a cam fixed to the shaft 19, instead of the shaft of
the cutting cylinder; the cam is regulated to the required position by a screw
and nut.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of paper and other bags of the
description aforesaid, the improved arrangements for severing the paper while in
motion by imparting variable speed to the rotation of the cutting cylinders 14
and 15, by means of elliptical geared wheels 17 and 18; the length of the bag
being regulated and controlled by the size of the change wheel 21, relatively to
the wheels 20 and 22, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the
drawing.
2. In machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of paper and other bags of the
description aforesaid, the improved arrangement for distributing the paste and
dispensing with scrapers, substantially as herein before described and illustrated by
the drawing.
3. In machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of paper and other bags of the
description aforesaid, the improved arrangement of cylinders for forming seams on
each side of the bag, substantially as hereinhefore described and illustrated by the
drawing.
4. The improvements in machinery or apparatus for the manufacture of paper
and other bags, substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described.
Dated 23rd July 1894.
GEO.
DOWNING,
8, Quality Court, London, W.C., Agent.