THE USE OF PETROLEUM OR COAL OIL AS FUEL AND ALSO FOR THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR THIS PURPOSE
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Tolhausen, of 17, Faubourg Montmarte,
Paris, Patent Agent, for the Invention of "THE USE OF PETROLEUM OR
COAL OIL AS FUEL AND ALSO FOR THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS TO BE
EMPLOYED FOR THIS PURPOSE."-A communication from Edward John
Biddle. residing at Paris. 17. Faubourg Montmartre
Sealed the 23rd June 1868, and dated the 29th December 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Tolhausen at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
December 1862.
I, FREDERICK TOLHAUSEN, of 17, Faubourg Montmartre, Paris, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE USE OF
PETROLEUM OR COAL OIL AS FUEL, AND ALSO FOR THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS
TO BE EMPLOYED FOR THIS PURPOSE," a communication from Edward John
Biddle, a person now resident at Paris, 17, Faubourg Montmartre, to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to the use of petroleum or coal oil as fuel, more
especially for generating steam for operating machinery, also to tanks for
containing and a furnace for burning the oil, and to apparatus or machinery

page_text: for conveying the same to the furnaces as rapidly as may be desired. The
furnace which may be of any suitable size and shape is constructed of ordinary
materials. Instead of a grate or bars now used the bed of the furnace is con-
structed solid to prevent the escape of the fluid. This bed may be made either
smooth or corrugated. The draught is obtained through a grating in the
side or end of the furnace which admits the air but confines the flames. And
an additional supply of air comes to the flames through pipes terminating
within the walls of the furnace. The oil enters the furnace at the bottom
and is at first ignited by surrounding the mouth of the pipe through which it
passes with a small quantity of burning coals. A cap may be placed over
the furnace for protection in case the flame should escape through the gratings.
Tanks for holding the oil are provided with pipes which permit the escape
of explosive gases and renders the use of the oil perfectly safe. These tanks
are connected with each other and with a distributing reservoir by pipes of
suitable size. A steam or hand pump may be employed to draw the oil from
the tanks to a distributing reservoir. From this reservoir, which is situated in
a higher plane than the bottom of the furnace, the oil passes into the furnace,
the flow being regulated as may be desired by a stop-cock which is governed
by the pressure of steam or by hand. A waste pipe carries back any surplus,
that may accumulate in the distributing reservoir to the tanks. This fuel
possesses the advantage of cheapness and convenience. When used on steam
ships it economizes space, no fireman or stokers are needed; and steam can be
very speedily raised on lighting the fire.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Frederick Tolhausen in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 27th June 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
TOLHAUSEN, of 17, Faubourg Montmartre, Paris, Patent Agent, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her.most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of December, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Frederick Tolhausen, Her special licence, that I, the said Frederick
Tolhausen, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the

page_text: said Frederick Tolhausen, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "THE USE OF
PETROLEUM OR COAL OIL AS FUEL, AND ALSO FOR THE MACHINERY AND APPARATUS
TO BE EMPLOYED FOR THIS PURPOSE," a communication from Edward John
Biddle, a person now resident at Paris, 17, Faubourg Montmartre, upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederick Tolhausen,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Tolhausen, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention relates to the use of petroleum or coal oil as fuel, more
especially for generating steam for operating machinery, also to tanks for
containing and a furnace for burning the oil, and to apparatus or machinery
for conveying the same to the furnaces as rapidly as may be desired. The
furnace, which may be of any suitable size and shape, is constructed of
ordinary materials. Instead of a grate or bars now used, the bed of the
furnace is constructed solid to prevent the escape of the fluid. This bed may
be made either smooth or corrugated. The draught is obtained through a
grating in the side or end of the furnace which admits the air but confines
the flame, and an additional supply of air comes to the flames through pipes
terminating within the walls of the furnace. The oil enters the furnace at
the bottom, and is at first ignited by surrounding the mouth of the pipe
through which it passes with a small quantity of burning coals. A cap may
be placed over the furnace for protection in case the flame should escape
through the gratings. Tanks for holding the oil are provided with- pipes
which permit the escape of explosive gases and renders the use of this oil
perfectly safe. These tanks are connected with each other and with a.
distributing reservoir by pipes of suitable size. A steam or hand pump may
be employed to draw the oil from the tanks to a distributing reservoir. From

page_text: this reservoir which is situated in a higher plane than the bottom of the furnace,
the oil passes into the furnace, the flow being regulated as may be desired by
a stop-cock which is governed by the pressure of steam or by hand. A waste
pipe carries back any surplus that may accumulate in the distributing reservoir
to the tanks. This fuel possesses the advantage of cheapness and convenience
as it affords the means of getting up steam at the shortest notice, also on
account of its great coloric power the furnaces required are smaller than those
used for solid fuel. The oil used for this purpose need not be refined but may
be consumed in its raw state.
On the annexed Sheet of Drawings, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a
furnace constructed on this plan, which may be used both for marine and
other steam engines, and also with some slight modifications for other
manufacturing and domestic purposes. Fig. 2 is a front view of the furnace;
Fig. 3 a plan view of the bottom or bed of the furnace. The like letters
of reference are used for the same parts in the different Figures.
A, fire box; B, bed, made of cast-iron or other suitable material, and having
furrows, channels, or corrugations converging towards the oil pipe C;'D, grate
which is filled with incandescent coal every time the furnace is started;
E, blast pipes or tuyeres for increasing the draught; T, wire gauze grating
through which the air enters; Z, cap for protection in case the flames should
escape; W, fire door; H, distributing or intermediate reservoir or tank;
J, lifting pump worked by hand or power to draw the oil into said reservoir H;
L, waste pipe; M, holding tanks connected with each other, and the suction
pipe K; O, deck or spare deck of the vessel;'>, ventilating pipes allowing
the escape of the explosive gases; P, stop-cock or valve for regulating the
flow of the oil which may be made either self-acting or to work by hand.
This Invention not being intended to be confined to any particular mode
of constructing the furnace above, substantially described, I have shewn at
Figs. 4 and 5 a sectional elevation and plan respectively of a tubular boiler
in which the petroleum is made to enter from above. In this arrangement a
is the boiler; b, is the furnace which may be covered at the bottom with
incandescent coal or other inflammable or kindling matter on which the oil
drips; c, distributing reservoir; d, holding tanks; e, ventilating tubes to carry
off the explosive gases; f, connecting pipe. The oil flows through the
regulating pipe g, into the elbow pipe h, to which a short tube j of smaller
diameter is fixed and drops through the conical pipe i, upon the circular
grooves or channels 1, by which the oil is distributed or spread over the
bed or bottom K of the furnace, the same presenting a concave surface

page_text: as shewn by the Drawings; n is a pipe for connecting the interior of the
furnace and of the pipe h with the outer air so as to procure an escape for
explosive gases. A safety
A safety valve m may also be employed for the same
purpose.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Tolhausen, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twentieth June, A.D. 1863.
F. TOLHAUSEN. (L.S.)