Improvements in Appliances for Connecting and Distributing the Water Supply to Sanitary and other Appliances, and taking the Waste therefrom.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 15th June, 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Appliances for Connecting and Distributing the
Water Supply to Sanitary and other Appliances, and taking
the Waste therefrom.
I MOSES JAMES ADAMS Engineer Peasholme Green York do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My improvements relate to the mode of distributing water from water main or
reservoir or tank to the vessels or apparatus it is desired to flush or cleanse and in
the connections I use to couple or join these pipes to the said vessel or apparatus
and their discharges.
Now whereas before the introduction of this improvement and where it is desired
to flush or cleanse more than one vessel or apparatus as closets or urinals from one
tank or source of supply it has been customary to fix a tank above these closets or
urinals and to fix in this tank a syphon to discharge its contents or a valve actuated
by a lever and pull chain or other contrivance with one outlet therefrom discharging
to a vertical pipe having branches carried from the same to feed the different
vessels these branches being taken from a pipe placed horizontally which pipe is
fed or supplied by a single pipe from tank outlet this single pipe being as a rule
carried vertically down to give a suction or added force to the discharge of the
liquid from tank it will be evident that it is somewhat difficult to ensure an equal
amount and equal force of water to flush each of the several vessels served from
this horizontal pipe by brauches therefrom and much trouble has been occasioned
thereby to overcome which branches of varying size have been made to serve the
different vessels and still without effectively attaining the desired end.
Now it is an essential that the water shall discharge with equal force to each
vessel and desire to particularly effect this equal force in flushing two or more
closets at the same time as such equal flushing adds very considerably to their
efficiency, and to do this and overcome the difficulties I have enumerated instead
of the vertical down pipe horizontal branch and branches therefrom supplying the
vessels to be flushed I form a connection or shoe or spreader and attach the same
at or near the outlet from tank water supply or other source and from this shoe or
spreader which has as many outlets therefrom as there are vessels to be flushed I..
lead to each vessel a separate pipe and hence I am able to secure equal force to all
because each flushing pipe is taken from this special connection or shoe and I am
able to dispense with the horizontal pipe from which the distribution has hitherto
been made and from which it has been impossible without very considerable
difficulty to distribute the flushing water with equal force to each vessel, and
further as the inlets or flushing flushing pipes of lead iron or other metal have to be
connected to vessels of earthenware or unlike material I have devised for this
connection a special coupling in which by the pressure of a nut on a rubber ring
I expand the latter and cause it to fill the space between the metal of which my
connection is formed and the earthenware body into which it fits thus securing a
tight joint and further as the vessels in some instances require their discharge
connecting to a metal or other pipe I so modify the shape and form of the
connection that it may serve for this purpose also, and whilst in the first case the
rubber ring is placed within the earthenware socket of the flushing inlet of closet and

page_text: expanded therein, in the latter case it is placed outside the closet outlet and is
expanded upon it and this joint is equally applicable for closet urinal or other
appliances where it may be required.
The accompanying drawings will make my intention plain.
Fig. 1 shews a tank the front being broken away to expose the syphon P. which
syphon or a valve and chain or other arrangement may be used to discharge the
contents of tank.
A is the special connection shoe or spreader shewn also in side elevation at Fig. 2.
this is shewn connected by flange O. N. to outlet of syphon and it receives the
discharge therefrom, but it may be connected by a pipe instead of close to tank if
so desired B B B B are outlets therefrom with pipes CCC CC attached, the
latter are shewn broken but by dotted lines two of them are shewn connected to
the closets it is desired to flush it will be evident that I may provide few or many
outlets according to the number of vessels I desire to flush at once-the two closets
I have shewn connected are Fig. 4 and 6 and these will make the difference
between my present improvement and the older methods more manifest because in
the older methods a single vertical pipe would be carried downwards from tank
outlet N. O. and from this at suitable height a horizontal pipe would be led along
the length of vessels to be flushed and from this horizontal pipe branches would be
taken and coupled to the closets or other vessels to be flushed and it will at once
be apparent that the force of water to each vessel would be unequal and it would be
difficult to obtain the same cleansing effect in all.
Fig. 3 shews the joint I prefer to use as a connection between the flushing pipe C
and the closet E or other vessel, within the socket of flushing arm F I desire to
make a joint and it will be seen that I insert therein an arm or bend of metal G
and that this terminates at one end in a flange H and at the other in a socket D.
and that D receives the pipe C. A rubber ring K is placed on G next flange H and
a nut I is close thereon and it will be evident that as the nut I is turned it will
squeeze the rubber band K and the consequence will be that this band will increase
in diameter and fill the space between socket of flushing arm F filling the same
and making a tight joint.
Fig. 5 shews the same method somewhat differently arranged whereby I attach
the joint to a closet or other outlet, this outlet is lettered L the rubber ring X and
the nut P and tail piece M and if the nut P be tightened on M it will be evident
that the squeezing of the rubber ring X will as before cause it to expand and fill
the space between outlet L and inside of nut P thus again making a sound
joint at Fig. 4 Z shews the waste pipe connected on tail piece M.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed declare that what I
claim is
1st. The use of a shoe spreader or connection for tank or other service which
shall have branching therefrom two or more outlets from which connecting pipes
shall be carried for the flushing of two or more closets or sanitary appliances at the
same time.
2nd. The form of a shoe or connection which shall as shewn serve to distribute
water to two or more closets vessels or appliances without the intervention of a
horizontal pipe as herein described whether connected close to tank outlet or to
a length of pipe.
3rd. The use of a shoe or spreader or connection in combination with a flushing
tank the said shoe or spreader or connection being so formed that it shall distribute
water to two or more outlets at the same time.
4:h. The use of shoe or connection or spreader shewn and described or its
equivalent which shall dispense with the horizontal feed pipe from which is
has been customary to carry branches for the feeding or flushing of sanitary
appliances.
5th. The use of a shoc or spreader or connection having two or more outlet

page_text: from which outlets pipes shall radiate for the simultaneous flushing of two or more
closets or other sanitary appliances.
6th. The use of the connecting joint shewn at Fig. 3. 4 and 5 wherein a rubber
ring is compressed in thickness but increased in diameter by the tightening of a
nut on a thread such rubber ring then filling the space between the material of the
joint and the material of the apparatus to which it is connected thereby forming a
tight joint and the parts described thereof.
7th. The use of the appliances shewn and described or their equivalent though
differing in conformity-substantially the same.
Dated this 10th day of February 1895.
MOSES JAMES ADAMS,
Engineer, Peasholme Green, York.