Improved Method of Heating a Domestic Water Supply and Apparatus therefor, also partly applicable to Warming Purposes.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 17th Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 18th Dec., 1893-Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1594
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method of Heating a Domestic Water Supply and
Apparatus therefor, also partly applicable to Warming Purposes.
I, WILLIAM WILSON of 50 King Street, Manchester, Heating Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows
This invention consists of means whereby the water supply of a house or
building is heated indirectly by circulating through suitable vessels immersed in,
surrounded by or in intimate contact with water heated in a suitable boiler (which
heating water can be used over and over again) and has for its object the prevention
of incrustation and when the usual kitchen or range boiler is used, the absolute
prevention of explosions hitherto so frequent.
In carrying out my invention I cause the water from the boiler to circulate by
flow and return pipes through an immersion tank in which tank is immersed a
copper or other metal cylinder or vessel which cylinder or vessel is supplied with
water from a cistern placed at a convenient height to give necessary hot water
supply to the house, the said boiler and immersion tank conveying the necessary
heat through the water contained therein to the water passing through the cylinder
or vessel before mentioned. Thus the said heating water may be used over and
over agaiu.
Instead of employing an immersion tank as above stated the heated water from
the boiler may be caused to circulate through a jacket around the cylinder
containing the water to be heated or the said heated water may itself be surrounded
by the water to be heated but it is obvious that many means may be employed
for bringing the two circulations into intimate contact with one another.
In cases where I employ the usual kitchen or range boiler I provide the same
with a loose cover or lid and feed with water froin a cistern placed on such
a level as to keep the said boiler filled to within a short distance from the
lid or cover thus rendering the said boiler of a low pressure type and absolutely
non-explosive.
Another feature of my invention consists in causing the heating water after
having passed through the before mentioned apparatus to circulate through the
coils, radiators, pipes or similar heating apparatus used for warming purposes and
I thus provide a separate warming and domestic draw off supply both heated by
the same boiler, also that iron pipes can be used for that portion of the apparatus
which supplies the coils, radiators &c. and a purer inetal for the domestic supply
thus securing clean water for household purposes and considerable economy. It
will be obvious that as the water employed in the systems for heating is very
rarely changed the objectionable incrustation of the boiler and pipes which has
hitherto resulted from the constant passage of fresh and highly heated water
through the same is obviated, and also that rain water free from deposit may be
employed to feed the boiler, which is greatly to be desired where the water supply
is impregnated with lime or other foreign substances, and dispenses with the
necessity for constantly cleaning hitherto found necessary.
Dated this 16th day of March 1893.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Method of Heating a Domestic Water Supply and
Apparatus therefor, also partly applicable to Warming Purposes.
I, WILLIAM Wisos of 50 King Street, Manchester, Heating Engineer do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention consists in means whereby the water supply of a house or building
is heated indirectly by circulating through suitable vessels immersed in, surrounded
by, or in intimate contact with water heated in a suitable boiler (which heating
water can be used over and over again) and has for its abject-in the first place-
and when the usual kitchen or range boiler is used--the absolute prevention of
explosions, hitherto so frequent, and secondly in the case of systems of warming
apparatus and domestic water supply, the employment of dirty or impure water
for warming purposes, which also serves to heat an entirely different supply of fresh
water for domestic supply purposes.
In carrying out my invention Icause the water from the boiler to circulate by flow
and return jos through an immersion tank, in which tank is immersed a copper
or other metal cylinder or vessel which cylinder or vessel is supplied with water
from a cistern placed at a convenient height to give the necessary hot water supply
to the house, the said boiler and immersion tank conveying the necessary heat
through the water contained therein to the water passing through the cylinder or
vessel before mentioned. Thus the said heating water may be used over and over
again.
Instead of employing an immersion tank as above stated the heated water from
the boiler may be caused to circulate through a jacket around the cylinder
containing the water to be heated, or the said heated water may itself be
surrounded by the water to be heated, but it is obvious that many means may be
employed for bringing the two circulations into intimate contact with one
another.
In cases where I employ the usual kitchen or range boiler, I provide the same
with a loose cover or lid and feed with water from a cistern placed on such a
level as to keep the said hailer filled to within a short space from the lid or cover
thus rendering the said boiler of a low pressure type and absolutely non-
explosive.
Another feature of my invention consists in causing the heating water after
having passed through the before mentioned apparatus, to circulate through coils,
radiators, pipes or similar heating apparatus used for warming purposes and I thus
provide a separate warming and domestic draw off supply, both heated by the
same boiler; also that iron pipes can be used for that portion of the apparatus
which supplies the coils, radiators, etc. and a purer metal for the domestic supply
thus ensuring clear water for household purposes and considerable economy.
On the accompanying drawing I have illustrated by Fig. 1. my invention as
applied to a range or kitchen boiler, and I will now describe the same with the
assistance of the letters of reference marked thereon.
A is the range boiler of a low pressure type fitted with a loose cover or lid A'
and in open communication, by flow and return pipes B and C with the immersion
tank D, the water in this immersion tank and boiler is kept at a constant level by
the ball tap E.
Within the immersion tank D is placed a cylinder which is supplied with
fresh water by the cistern G, the water in the said cylinder F being heated by the
surrounding water in the immersion tank which water may be drawn off for domestic
purposes.

page_text: It will be obvious that as the boiler A is fitted with a loose lid A' and is of a
low pressure type, all danger of explosions is avoided.
Fig. 2 illustrates my invention as applied to a warming and domestic supply
system in which H is an ordinary vertical hot water boiler, supplying the immersion
cylinder 1. This boiler and immersion cylinder perform the double function of
heating the water contained in the immersed cylinder J. which contains the water
for the domestic supply, and also supply the circulating water for warming
purposes radiators, coils or other apparatus being employed, which are in com-
munication with the flow and return pipes K and L.
It will thus be seen that while the water in the outer immersion cylinder I may
be used over and over again, the water in the cylinder J will be saved from passing
through the pipes, coils or radiators, as hitherto, thus assuring a clean supply of
water for domestic purposes.
I prefer to carry the Hue M of the vertical boiler H through a chamber N
which is filled with water and in communication with the boiler H and cylinder | ;
thus the heat from the flue M is utilised to heat the water in the chamber N and
the risk of fire from overheated flues is reduced to a minimum.
I wish it to be understood that I don't confine myself to the exact arrangement
of immersion tank, immersion cylinder and fresh water cylinder as illustrated by
the accompanying drawings, as I may employ other means of bringing the two
circulations into intimate contact with one another.
Since filing my Provisional Specification I have found that it is not new to
employ one circulation of heated water to warm another circulation for the
purpose of preventing incrustation, I therefore lay no claim to such an arrange-
ment broadly but
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In apparatus for heating a domestic water supply without the risk of boiler
explosions the employment of a low pressure boiler and immersion tank or other
similar apparatus for heating the water contained in a separate cylinder or system
of pipes as described.
2. A duplex apparatus for supplying a separate circulation of water for warming
and draw off purposes substantially as described and illustrated on the accom-
panying drawing.
Dated this 17th day of December 1893.
WILLIAM WILSON.