AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF POLISHING MATERIAL
Year: 1885

page_text: We FRED COOPER of 19 Queen Victoria Street, Merchant, and JOHN CHARLES
WILLIAM STANLEY of 41 Barnsdale Road, Gentleman, both in the county of
Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of our said invention for "AN IMPROVED
MANUFACTURE OF POLISHING MATERIAL" to be as follows
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We take the mineral known as mispickel (Mundie) in any of the forms in which
it 18 usually found in combination with other minerals-generally in tin and copper
ores and which is the ore which supplies the arsenic of commerce We find when
suitably prepared this mineral is particularly suited for polishing steel metals
glass & and for the purposes for which emery is now used In carrying out our
method or process of preparing this polishing material we take the ore either direct
as mined or after it has been treated to extract the tin, copper, arsenic &° it may
contain and when necessary if 'in large pieces reduce it to a condition of granular
powder by stamping or other means It is then ground in water and passed
through a volume of water which washes the finer and softer particles away from
the heavier, these are collected in suitable tanks or receptacles and allowed to
settle and when in a stiff condition the resulting mass is put into an iron pan or
vessel and sulphuric acid added in varying proportions it is well agitated and
boiled either by steam or direct heat When the mass is dried down it is removed
and calcined in a retort or other furnace until the sulphuric vapours cease to be
given off, it is then drawn and ground in water in any ordinary suitable mill and
well washed and if it contains grit is run along shoots to deposit the heavier
particles, it is dried or not as may be desired It is then in a condition for sale as
Crocus for polishing metal and other surfaces The color can be regulated by the
quantity of acid employed and in regulating the burning which can only be
acquired by practice The heavier particles which have been separated from the
lighter are dried and sifted through sieves with meshes sufficiently fine to produce
an impalpable powder or larger grains as may be required for the polishing of the
materials as in the ordinary sifting of emery In some instances to suit the
requirements of buyers a darker shade of color may be preferred and an addition
of a liquid black die will produce any shade requisite without reducing its polishing
properties.

page_text: We FRED COOPER Gentleman of 19 Queen Victoria Street and JOHN CHARLES
WILLIAM STANLEY of 41 Barnsdale Road Gentleman both in the County of
Middlesex do hereby declare the nature of our invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement
1
We take the mineral pyrites known also as mundic and mispickle and generally
combined with tin copper & which when suitably prepared we find can be used as
a material for grinding and polishing metals, glass and other materials and for the
purposes for which emery is generally used' In carrying out our method or process
of preparing this polishing material we take the ore direct as mined and reduce it
to a granular condition preferably by stamping as stamping gives a sharper cut or
we take it after it has been treated by the usual processes now in use for the
extraction of the tin copper &* which the ore contains, and when we use extracted
ore we prefer that which has been broken up by stamping not grinding. The
granular ore we thoroughly wash through wire gauze sieves in water in any
convenient manner, the size of the mesh can be regulated according to the
quantity of fine grains to be separated with the very light particles that will be
We find 40 mesh wire gauze a
washed away in the water from the heavier ones.
suitable mesh to use The water with the mineral matter held in suspension flows
along shoots and is collected in suitable tanks and settles by gravitation at the
bottom and the water is removed
The heavy particles of mineral which have been separated from the lighter in
the process of washing are dried and to get these into a suitable condition for
grinding and polishing they require to be divided or graded into grains of different
sizes which is done by sifting through wire gauze as is now done in the preparation
of Emery
In some instances to make up a more refractory or harder material we find it
desirable to add a proportion varying according to the special requirements of a
harder mineral such as slag from iron smelting or emery of the description now
imported from mines in Turkey
To meet the requirements of users the color of the material may be altered by
the use of suitable dyes The fine material which collects in the tanks from the
process of washing 18 dried and ground to an impalpable powder or can be reduced
by grinding in water and then dried and the material so prepared can be used for
such purposes as knife polish and for polishing metals generally This material
can also be treated by adding sulphuric or muriatic acid in varying proportions
(10% by weight of ordinary commercial sulphuric acid is formed to give good
results) and sufficient water if necessary to make a stiff paste and the mass kept
well agitated in an iron pan or vessel until diied down either by the action of
direct heat or steam The object of this is to increase the stain and vary the color
When it is dried it is removed and calcined in a retort or other furnace until all
or nearly all the acid is driven off, it is then ground in any suitable mill, or if
required in an exceedingly fine state of division can be washed in water and the

page_text: lighter portions removed from the heavier by floatation. It is preferred to treat
with acid as soon as the washing is completed and before drying, when this course
18 adopted no further water need be added The material so prepared is suitable
for polishing metals as crocus powder or can be used as a paint or for coloring
paper. The shade of color from light red to deep purple can be arrived at by
varying the proportion of acid, the color can also be varied in the calcining
practice soon teaching the proper heat required
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1. The manufacture of polishing or grinding material from pyrites substantially
as specified
2 The herein described process of manufacturing polishing or grinding material
from pyrites consisting essentially in washing the material to be treated drying it
grading by sifting and (where a very fine powder is required) grinding the finest
particles obtained by the sifting
3 In the manufacture of polishing or grinding material from pyrites the method
or process substantially as specified of treating with acid, drying calcining and
grinding the finest particles obtained by the washing
4 The admixture of emery or other hard material with the polishing or grinding
material manufactured from pyrites for the purpose of increasing the cut