IMPROVEMENTS IN MAGNETO AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES OR MOTORS, AND MEANS AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING THEIR GENERATIVE FORCE
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Griffith Brewer, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, for an Invention of 'IMPROVEMENTS IN MAGNETO
AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES OR MOTORS, AND MEANS AND METHODS
FOR CONTROLLING THEIR GENERATIVE FORCE." A communication from .
abroad by Thomas Alva Edison, of Menlo Park, in the State of New Jersey,
United States of America.
21
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Griffith Brewer
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th June 1881.
EDWARD GRIFFITI BREWER, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAGNETO AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES OR MOTORS,
AND MEANS AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING THEIR GENERATIVE FORCE."
(A communication from abroad by Thomas Alva Edison, of Menlo Park, in the
State of New Jersey, United States of America.)
In a system for supplying electricity from one source for a number of translating
devices it is desirable that there be such an arrangement as will ensure the
generation of the proper amount of current, and the preservation of the proper
pressure, no matter how many or how few of the devices supplied in the system be
in circuit, so that the amount of current requisite, and of the proper pressure or
electro motive force be supplied to each device in circuit without regard to the
increase or decrease of the total number in circuit.
The object of a portion of this Invention is to attain such result.
One method of accomplishing this may be stated in general terms as consisting,
where a special dynamo or magneto electric machine is used for generating the
current for the excitation of the field of force magnets, of one or a battery of
generators connected to the main or consumption circuit in actuating such special
generator, which may be termed the prime generator, by a special motor engine,
to which it is geared directly, or from which it receives motion, and then governing
this special motor engine so as to vary the speed of the special or field current

page_text: generator by controlling its cut off mechanism by an adjustable governor, which
operation proportionately varies the current sent through the field circuit of the
one or battery of generators supplying the system, which in turn is followed by a
proportionate variation in the generator capacity, while a constant electro-motive
force is maintained.
Where a single generator, either magneto or dynamo is used, it is connected to
an engine governed in the same manner.
To accomplish this an ordinary centrifugal governor is used, with which is
combined a weight adjustable upon an arm or lever and acting in conjunction with
or in opposition to the governor balls dependent upon the fulcrumming of the
lover, so that the resistance of the governor to the forces acting upon it may be
controllably varied by movement of the weight upon the arm or lever, the resultant
being that the special motor engine may run at any one time with a speed
proportionate to the demands of the system upon it.
A simple effective governor with a constant amount of work upon the engine
would keep the engine at a constant speed, and the generative capacity of the
driven machine at a constant point, but as the number of translating devices in
circuit varies the amount of current generated must be varied, while the electro-
motive force of the system remains constant.
This is effected by varying the amount of energy developed by the prime
generator, which varies the strength of the field magnets included in its circuit,
making the field of force through which the generator coils pass of greater or less
intensity.
These variations of generative capacity of the prime generator is accomplished by
varying the speed of its connected engine by means of the adjustable weight
connected to the governor, as before mentioned, whereby the required changes in
strength of magnetic field and in the development of energy are ensured, while a
constant pressure or electro motive force of the system is maintained independently
of the number of devices in circuit.
Another method of accomplishing the result of maintaining a constant current
without regard to the number of translating devices in circuit, consists in causing
n greater or less electro-motive force from a magneto machine used as an engine to
traverse the field circuit of the generator, the counter electro-motive force having
the function of a resistance. This method may be put into practice in the
following way-An electro-motor of small or proportionately much less resistance
than the generator is included in the circuit of the field of force magnets of the
generator.
Upon the shaft of the revolving armature of the electro-motor is mounted a
copper disc which rotates between the polar extensions of an electro magnet
included in the field circuit, and also in the circuit leading to the translating
devices to be supplied, which are arranged upon multiple are circuits. This electro-
magnet is wound with coarse wire, so as to have but little resistance.
When no translating devices are in circuit the exterior circuit of the generator is
only through the motor engine and the magnet, and there is but little current
therein energizing only feebly the magnet, so that it offers little resistance to the
rotation of the disc cutting the lines of force between its polar extension. This
feeble retardation allows the engine to run at high speed, giving a counter electro
motive force in the field circuit weakening the energizing current.
If now the circuit of translating devices be closed so that the exterior circuit of
the generator is through them, the resistance of the exterior circuit is decreased,
causing a greater flow of current therethrough which intensifies the magnetization
of the magnet referred to, which now offers increased resistance to the rotation
through its lines of force, of the disc causing the electro motor to run at a less
rate, diminishing the counter electro motive force in the field circuit, thereby
strengthening the field with the necessary resultant of increased generation. Upon
devices being cut out of circuit the reverse takes place.
Another portion of this Invention has for its object to furnish means whereby

page_text: when one or a number of lamps are thrown into circuit, the act of so throwing
them into circuit shall also automatically and at the same time put into operation
means whereby the generative capacity of the generators shall be proportionately
increased.
This part of the Invention is more particularly applicable to systems wherein
there are a number of lamps with their multiple are circuits, which may be
connected in one sub-system which it is practicable to control by one circuit closer,
as for instance on ships, when the system may be divided into sub-systems, one
for the cabin, one for the deck, and so on as may be desired, or in cities where the
street lamps may be arranged in special circuits or sub-systems.
To accomplish this, main conductors as usual lead from the generator, and across
them in groups or sub-systenis are a number of multiple are or divided circuits
containing lamps, one circuit closer being arranged to control the circuit for one or
an entire group.
The field magnet coils of the generator are in multiple arc to the main circuit,
one terminal being connected directly to one of the conductors thereof, while the
other terminal is carried to the groups and from it branches are led, one at each
group, arranged to be closed by the circuit closer controlling the circuit of that
group.
In each branch or derived circuit of the field coils is a resistance so proportioned
that as a group is turned on or used, only the amount of current is allowed to flow
through the field coils as will suffice to give or to increase the degree of magnetic
intensity to the field magnets so as to ensure the generation of just enough current
to properly supply that group.
The act of turning on the group first used closes the circuit to the field coils, so
that the generator is energized just when and to that extent that call is made
upon it.
If another group be turned on, another multiple arc or branch circuit for the field
coils is closed; as these circuits to the field coils are derived circuits the closure of
two diminishes the net resistance of the field coil circuit, permitting a flow of
increased current through the field coils, increasing the magnetic intensity of the
field magnets, and of course the generative capacity of the generator.
•
When an electric distribution system contains both lamps and motors, some of
the latter requiring many times as much current as a lamp, there is apt, as such
motors are placed in circuit, to be a momentary effect upon the lamps, visible in the
shape of a jump, or flicker, or drop, before the motor has reached its proper speed.
This is also due to the fact that the motors themselves are of much less resistance
than the lamps used. When however a motor attains its maximum speed it gives
a counter electro motive force in its own derived circuit which has the function of
a wire resistance and weakens the opposing current in its circuit in the same
way as would a wire resistance and compensates for the lessening of actual wire
resistance.
It is known that a motor cannot attain its maximum speed immediately, that an
interval of time, often very small, but still an appreciable quantity, elapses before
the necessary degree of magnetization is reached, inertia overcome, and the
maximum speed attained.
The object of this portion of the Invention is to prevent any effect upon the
lamps, and to that end it consists in general terms in combining with a motor
devices, which, when the motor is placed in circuit while preventing the motor
from starting up immediately at full head, shall cause it to gradually attain its
maximum power or speed, and to give the counter electro motion force which takes
the place of wire resistance.
This may be accomplished by placing in the armature circuit a resistance and a
pivoted lever normally closing the circuit to the armature through the entire
resistance.
This lever is controlled by a governor leading from the engine in such manner

page_text: •
that as the speed of the engine increases the governor carries the lever from contact
to contact of the resistance, gradually cutting it out.
This increase of speed causes an increased counter electro motive force in the
motor circuit, which increase is always sufficient to compensate for the actual wire
resistance cut out of circuit by the same cause.
The object of another portion of this Invention is to furnish an arrangement of
means whereby the field of force magnets of a number of Faradic machines may bo
readily and controllably energized.
To this end in a derived circuit from the main or consumption circuit of the
Faradic machines or generators is placed an electro motor which gives motion to a
generator whose circuit is by multiple arcs through all the field of force circuits of
the generators.
In the circuit of the motor is an adjustable resistance so that its action may be
varied, which in turn controls the generative capacity of the Faradic machines.
In the circuit leading around the field of force coils is an adjustable resistance,
so that that circuit may be controlled independently if desired of the motor circuit,
but with the same ultimate result.
As above stated, it may happen from various causes that momentary currents of
a bigher electro motive force than those normally used may be generated or be
present in the system.
The object of this part of the Invention is to obviate any ill effects arising from
this cause, to which end it consists in placing a condenser in multiple arc in each
house or section between the lamps or translating devices and the main-conductors.
This serving to absorb wholly or in part any momentary increase of electro
motive force, preventing wholly or in part any results therefrom in the circuit in
which it is placed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Edward Griffith Brewer in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th December 1881.
EDWARD GRIFFITH BREWER, of 33, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
England. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MAGNETO AND DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINES OR
MOTORS, AND MEANS AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING THEIR GENERATIVE
FORCE." (A communication from abroad by Thomas Alva Edison, of Menlo Park,
in the State of New Jersey, United States of America.)
In a system for supplying electricity from one source for a number of translating
devices it is desirable that there be such an arrangement as will ensure the
generation of the proper amount of current and the preservation of the proper
pressure, no matter how many or how few of the devices supplied in the system be
in circuit, so that the amount of current requisite, and of the proper pressure or
electro motive force bo supplied to each device in circuit without regard to the
increase or decrease of the total number in circuit.
The object of a portion of this Invention is to attain such result.
One method of accomplishing this may be stated in general terms as consisting,
where a special dynamo or magneto electric machine is used for generating the
current for the excitation of the field of force magnets of one or a battery of
generators connected to the main or consumption circuit, in actuating such special
generator, which may be termed the prime generator, by a special motor engine
to which it is geared directly or from which it receives motion, and then governing
this special motor engine so as to vary the speed of the special or field current
generator by controlling its cut off mechanism by an adjustable governor, which
operation proportionately varies the current sent through the field circuit of the
one or battery of generators supplying the system, which in turn is followed by a
proportionate variation in the generative capacity, while a constant electro-motive
force is maintained.
Where a single generator, either magneto or dynamo is used, it is connected to an
engine governed in the same manner.
To accomplish this an ordinary centrifugal governor is used, with which is
combined a weight adjustable upon an arm or lever, and acting in conjunction
with or in opposition to the governor balls dependent upon the fulcrumming of
the lever, so that the resistance of the governor to the forces acting upon it may
be controllably varied by movement of the weight upon the arm or lever, the
resultant being that the special motor engine may run at any one time with a
speed proportionate to the demands of the system upon it.
A simple effective governor with a constant amount of work upon the engine
would keep the engine at a constant speed, and the generative capacity of the
driven machine at a constant point, but as the number of translating devices in
circuit varies, the amount of current generated must be varied, while the electro-
motive force of the system remains constant.
This is effected by varying the amount of energy developed by the prime
generator, which varies the strength of the field magnets included in its circuit,
making the field-of-forco through which the generative coils pass of greater or
less intensity.
This variation of generative capacity of the prime generator is accomplished by
varying the speed of its connected engine by means of the adjustable weight
connected to the governor, as before mentioned, whereby the required changes in
strength of magnetic field and in the developement of energy are ensured, while a

page_text: constant pressure or electro-motive force of the system is maintained independently
of the number of devices in circuit.
This is illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the Drawings.
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a system embodying this method of
regulation.
Figure 2, a detailed view of a governor suitable for the purpose; and Figures 3
and 4, details of such a governor.
B, C, D, E, represent a battery of generators, in this instance magneto electric
machines, whose revolving armatures or inducing bobbins are connected by multiple
arcs a, a, with the main conductors 1, 2, of a system in which 3, 4, and 5, 6,
represent consumption circuits, in which are placed translating devices, such as
lamps 8, 9, 10, and motors 7.
A is the special dynamo or magneto electric machine, which may be termed the
prime generator, whose circuit F, C, includes all the coils of the field of force
magnets of the generators B, C, D, E, which may be more or less in number.
This primo generator A is geared directly to and driven by the special motor
engine E, while the other or supply generators may be driven each by its own
engine e, or the whole series or battery may be driven by or from one engine.
The prime motor engine E is provided with an adjustable governor G, having
the usual centrifugal weights or balls and sliding sleeve attached thereto and
noving therewith, which gives motion to two pivoted levers L and L'.
Of
these L', through a connecting rod ɩ, controls the valve motion of the engine by
controlling the cut-off mechanism.
The other lever L carries the weight W which is suspended from a saddle or
stirrup S capable of movement longitudinally upon the lever.
To give it this movement the lever L carries a screw rod ?", with an attached
hand wheel R for turning it. In the thread of the screw takes a pin from the
saddle or stirrup, so that rotation of the screw by its handle R moves the weight
along the lever L.
At the central station, where A, B, C, D, E, are supposed to be located, is also an
indicator showing any variations in the electro-motive force or pressure, in this
case represented by an electro-dynamometer V in the derived circuit d, d.
As seen in Figure 2, the power or effect of W is in unison with that of the
governor balls g,g, so that as it is moved toward the outer end of L the governor
tends to operate the cut off at a less speed than it otherwise would, while when it
is moved to the extreme limit of inward movement the balls do not operate
except when the speed necessary for the total work of the circuit has been
exceeded.
From this it will be seen that the production of current may be easily
controlled and the electro-motive force or pressure maintained constant.
For instance, few translating devices are in circuit, the engineer in charge moves
the weight outwardly, so that the governor, readily or at comparatively low speed,
operates the cut off, keeping the engine and field generator at low speed, sending a
comparatively feeble current around the fields of the supply generators. As more
devices are put into circuit the increased needs of the circuit are indicated
immediately upon V, and he moves the weight inwardly, so that higher speed is
required to cause the balls to cut off the engine, which consequently with the
field generator runs at a higher rate, sending more current through the field
circuit, which acts upon the generators to cause an increased production of
current.
As devices are taken out of circuit the reverse takes place.
It is evident that when the necessities of the case require only one generator it
may be controlled in the same way, that is, that A may be a dynamo or other type
of generator, itself supplying a consumption or main circuit.
It is evident that the form of governor, of generator, and of engine may be
modified without departing from the spirit of this Invention.
While the governor is here shown to be manually adjusted it may be controlled

page_text: and adjusted by a magnet in the main or in a derived circuit of the main line, so
that it may be automatically regulated.
Another method of accomplishing the result of maintaining a constant current
without regard to the number of translating devices in circuit consists in causing
a greater or less electro-motive force from a magneto machine used as an engine to
traverse the field circuit of the generator, the counter electro-motive force having
the function of a resistance. This method may be put into practice in the following
way: An electro-motor of small or proportionately much less resistance than the
generator is included in the circuit of the field of force magnets of the generator.
Upon the shaft of the revolving armature of the electro-motor is mountod a copper
disc, which rotates between the polar extensions of an electro-magnet included in
the field circuit and also in the circuit leading to the translating devices to be
supplied, which are arranged upon multiple arc circuits. This electro magnet is
wound with coarse wire so as to have but little resistance.
When no translating devices are in circuit the exterior circuit of the generator
is only through the motor engine and the magnet, and there is but little current
therein energizing only feebly the magnet, so that it offers little resistance to the
rotation of the disc, cutting the lines of force between its polar extensions. This
feeble retardation allows the engine to run at high speed, giving a counter electro
motive force in the field circuit, weakening the energizing current. If now the
circuit of translating devices be closed so that the exterior circuit of the generator
is through them, the resistance of the exterior circuit is decreased, causing a greater
flow of current therethrough, which intensifies the magnetization of the magnet
referred to, which now offers increased resistance to the rotation through its lines
of force of the disc, causing the electro motor to run at a less rate, diminishing the
counter electro-motive force in the field circuit, thereby strengthening the field
with the necessary resultant of increased generation. Upon devices being cut out
of circuit the reverse takes place. This is illustrated in Figure 5 of the Drawings,
in which G is the generator, and 1, 2, the conductors leading thence for the supply
of translating devices represented by T, T. While only one generator and two
translating devices are indicated, it is evident that any number may be used.
As shown, G is a dynamo electric machine, whose field circuit 3 passes as a
derived circuit from the commutator brushes or springs 4, 5, around the field, and
includes an electric motor M and a magnet A, the latter being also included in one
branch 2 of the exterior or supply circuit. Upon the shaft of M is a copper disc C,
which rotates between the polar extensions a, a, of magnet A, its rotation being
opposed by the magnetic field between a and a, whose lines of force it is obliged
to cut, and opposed proportionately to the strength of that magnetic field.
If now no translating devices be in circuit, the entire resistance of the exterior
circuit of the generator is only that of A and M, which is comparatively large,
consequently A has but a weak magnetization, offering but little resistance to the
rotation of C, allowing the motor M to run at high speed, the result being that a
considerable counter electro motive force therefrom is thrown into the field circuit
of the generator.
If now translating devices T be put in circuit, the resistanco of the external
circuit is decreased, resulting in greater flow of current in the exterior circuit, a
stronger magnetization of A, a retardation of C, slowing the rate of the motor M,
diminishing the counter electro-motive force thrown therefrom into the field circuit,
so that the field circuit is strengthened substantially, the eventual result being that
aimed at, an increase in the generative capacity of the generator G, and a uniform
pressure or electro motive force throughout the system.
By this arrangement the generators may be automatically controlled, so that the
generation of current is kept just adequate to the demands of the supply or
consumption circuit, and the pressure or electro motive force maintained constant.
While the generator herein shown is a dynamo, it is evident that the method
and means may be applied to magneto machines, or to that class in which the field
is energized from an exterior source of energy.
.

page_text: Another portion of this Invention has for its object to furnish means whereby,
when one or a number of lamps are thrown into circuit, the act of so throwing
them into circuit shall automatically and at the same time put into operation
means whereby the generative capacity of the generators shall be proportionately
increased. This part of the Invention is more particularly applicable to systems
wherein there are a number of lamps with their multiple arc circuits, which may
be connected in one sub-system, which it is practicable to control by one circuit
closer, as, for instance, on ships, where the system may be divided into sub-systems,
one for the cabin, one for the deck, and so on as may be desired, or in cities, where
the street lamps may be arranged in special circuits or syb-systems.
To accomplish this main conductors as usual lead from the generator, and across
them in groups or sub-systems are a number of multiple arc or derived circuits
containing lamps, one circuit closer being arranged to control the circuit for one or
an entire group.
The field magnet coils of the generator are in multiple are to the main circuit,
one terminal being connected directly to one of the conductors thereof, while the
other terminal is carried to the groups, and from it branches are led, one at each
group, arranged to be closed by the circuit closer controlling the circuit of that
group.
In each branch or derived circuit of the field coils is a resistance so proportioned
that as a group is turned on or used, only the amount of current is allowed to flow
through the field coils as will suffice to give or to increase the degree of magnetic
intensity to the field magnets, so as to ensure the generation of just enough current
to properly supply that group. The act of turning on the group first used closes
the circuit to the field coils, so that the generator is energized just when and to
that extent that call is made upon it.
If now another group be turned on, another multiple arc or branch circuit for the
field coils is closed. As these circuits to the field coils are derived circuits, the
closure of two diminishes the net resistance of the field coil circuit, permitting a
flow of increased current through the field coils, increasing the magnetic intensity
of the field magnets, and of course the generative capacity of the generator.
Figure of the Drawings illustrates these arrangements. G is a generator
composed of the field magnets F, M, with polar extensions P, P, between which
is the revolving armature A, on whose commutator take the commutator
springs C, C'.
From the generator lead the main conductors 1, 2, across which are the groups
of multiple arcs 5, 6, containing lamps L.
The coils of the field magnets are connected one one side by a wire 7 directly
to 1 of the main conductors. Upon the other a conductor 3 leads to the inost
remoto group, from which branch conductors lead at each group, as shown at
8 and 9, each branch having a resistance R or R¹.
Each group is provided with a key or switch S, constructed as shown, so as to
close simultaneously the circuit of its group, and a branch circuit to the field.
3,8, S, groups 5, 1, 7, forms one, and 3, 9, S, groups 6, 1, 7, a second derived or
multiple arc circuit for the field magnet coils.
If now S of group 5 be closed it closes the circuit of 5, and simultaneously one
circuit for F, M, giving the proper degree of magnetization to P, P, for the work to
be performed.
If then S of group 6 be closed it puts into circuit the lamps of that group,
closing simultaneously the next derived circuit, thus diminishing the total resistance
of the field circuit, increasing consequently the current therein and the degree of
magnetization of P, P, strengthening the generator to meet the increased demand
upon it.
The resistances R, R¹, are proportioned, as before stated, so that only the needed
amount of current to properly energize the field magnets will be permitted to pass
through the field circuit. As groups are turned off it is evident a reverse operation

page_text: In addition to the multiple arc circuits of the field described, another 10 may bo
used, having a resistance R², which circuit is constantly closed, so that a certain
definite amount of current may be permitted to pass through the field coils, but
not sufficient to bring the lamps up to the standard candle power, the closure of a
branch circuit sufficing to throw enough current through such coils to bring the
light up to the required standard.
Only one generator and two groups are shown, as they are sufficient to show the
principle of the Invention, but it is evident that any needed number of generators
and groups or single lamps may be used with the same automatic regulation of
generative force.
When an electric distribution system contains both lamps and motors, some of
the latter requiring many times as much current as a lamp, there is apt, as such
motors are placed in circuit, to be a momentary effect upon the lamps, visible in
the shape of a jump, or flicker, or drop before the motor has reached the proper
speed. This is also due to the fact that the motors themselves are of much less
resistance than the lamps used. When however a notor attains its maximum
speed it gives a counter electro motive force in its own derived circuit, which has
the function of a wire resistance, and weakens the opposing current in its circuit
in the same way as would a wire resistance, and compensates for the lessening of
actual wire resistance. It is known that a motor cannot attain its maximum speed
immediately, that an interval of time, often very small, but still an appreciable
quantity, elapses before the necessary degree of magnetization is reached, inertia
overcome, and the maximum speed attained.
The object of this portion of the Invention is to prevent any effect upon the
lamps, and to that end it consists in general terms in combining with a motor
devices which, when the motor is placed in circuit while preventing the motor
from starting up immediately at full hoad, shall cause it to gradually attain its
maximum power or speed, and to give the counter electro-motive force which takes
the place of wire resistance.
This may be accomplished by placing in the armature circuit a resistance and a
pivoted lever, normally closing the circuit to the armature through the entire
resistance.
This lever is controlled by a governor leading from the engine in such manner
that as the speed of the engine increases the governor carries the lever from contact
to contact of the resistance, gradually cutting it out.
This increase of speed causes an increased counter electro-motive force in the
motor circuit, which increase is always sufficient to compensate for the actual wire
resistance cut out of circuit by the same cause.
Such an arrangement is shown in Figure 7 of the Drawings in which 1, 2,
represent the main conductors on derived circuits, to which 3, 4, are placed
lamps L, L, there being any desired number of circuits and lamps; E, M, is an
electro-motor arranged to work in the same system, its armature being in a derived
circuit 5, and its field coils in a derived circuit 6, both circuits being controlled by
a double switch S attached to a wire 7.
In the circuit 5 of the armature is a resistance R and a lever L pivoted at 1.
G is a centrifugal governor driven by a belt B from the shaft of the armature.
The lever L is controlled by the governor, so that when the governor is at rest the
lever shall make contact with the resistance in such manner as to include all the
resistance in the circuit.
Upon closure of circuit through the motor it starts slowly, but as speed is
increased the rotation of the governor causes the balls to fly out, the lever L is
carried so as to cut out part of the resistance, a corresponding increased amount of
counter electro motive force being caused by the quickening of speed until the
motor attains its maximum speed, giving an amount of counter electro motive force
which compensates for the resistance cut out. By this method it is found that by
substituting counter electro motive force for actual resistance, the conditions of the

page_text: motor circuit may always be preserved practically unchanged, so far as affecting the
light is concerned, actual resistance and counter electro-motive force being
exchanged for each other in rest and motion, and proportionately as the rate of
motion.
By such arrangement all sudden effect upon other translating devices is avoided,
while the delay in bringing the motor to its maximum is very little, though
sufficient to enable the proper compensation to be made.
The object of another portion of this Invention is to furnish an arrangement of
means whereby the field of force magnets of a number of Faradic machines may be
readily and controllably energized.
To this end in a derived circuit from the main or consumption circuit of the
Faradic machines or generators, is placed an electro motor which gives motion to a
generator whose circuit is by multiple arcs through all the field of force circuits of
the generators.
In the circuit of the motor is an adjustable resistance so that its action may be
varied which in turn controls the generative capacity of the Faradic machines.
In the circuit leading around the field of force coils is an adjustable resistance,
so that circuit may be controlled independently, if desired, of the motor circuit, but
with the same ultimate result.
This is illustrated in Figure 8 of the Drawings, in which D, C, are the Faradic
machines or generators with their bobbins connected in multiple arc to the main, or
supply or consumption circuit 1, 2.
In a derived circuit 3, 4, is the motor A, which gives motion to the generator B.
In this circuit 3, 4, is an adjustable resistance r, so that the amount of current
energizing A may be controlled.
The motor A gives motion to the Faradic machine or generator B, whose
circuit 5 leads by multiple arcs 6 around the field of force magnets of C, D,
energizing them. In this circuit is an adjustable resistance R, so that other things
remaining equal the force of the current around the field of C, D, and consequently
the generative capacity of those machines, may be readily controlled.
It will readily be seen that whenever C, D, send any current into the circuit 1, 2,
a portion thereof energizes A. This will occur whenever C, D, are started up, as
their cores will retain sufficient residual magnetism, for an initial current A, in turn
drives B, whose current trasversing the fields of C, D, strengthens them, causing an
increased current through 1, 2, and A.
By 7, A may be so controlled that its speed is varied to cause B to generate
current enough only for the magnetization of the field to the degree necessary for
the production of current requisite for the demands of the circuit 1, 2. Or the
circuit 3, 4, may be left constant, and the current through the field circuit controlled
by R to affect and regulate the generative capacity of C, D.
As above stated it may happen from various causes that momentary currents of
a higher electro-motive force than those normally used may be generated or be
present in the system.
The object of this part of the Invention is to obviate any ill effects arising from
this cause, to which end it consists in placing a condenser in multiple arc in each
house or section, between the lamps or translating devices and the main conductors,
this serving to absorb wholly or in part any momentary increase of electro-motive
force, preventing wholly or in part any results therefrom in the circuit in which it
is placed.
This is shown in Figure 9 of the Drawings. 1, 2, are the main or street
conductors, from which at the service box A lead the house conductors 3, 4, on
which in multiple arcs 5, 6, the lamps G, G, or other translating devices (as many
as may be desired) are placed, a meter M being arranged in the circuit to measure
the amount of current used.
Between the lamps or other translating devices and the street or main
conductors 1 2 is derived circuit 7 in which is placed the condenses D which

page_text: ADOVO SERE to absorb any momentary increase in the electro-motive force
of the circuit.
What is claimed is,―
First. The method of regulating the generative force of one or a battery of
electrical generators, by regulating the amount of current flowing through the field
circuit thereof, by adjustably governing or regulating the speed of the engine
driving the generator furnishing the current for the field circuit, substantially as
herein set forth.
Second. The combination with an electrical generator or battery of electrical
generators of one magneto or dynamo electric machine furnishing the current for
the field circuit of the generator, or battery and an engine driving said magneto or
dynamo electric machine, and means for adjustably regulating the governor of the
engine, substantially as set forth.
Third. The combination with a magneto or dynamo electric machine furnishing
current for the field circuit of other electrical generators, of micans for controllably
and adjustably varying its speed, so as to regulate the field of force current,
substantially as set forth.
Forth. The combination with an electrical generator of an engine, a governor
controlling the cut off mechanism of the engine, and means for adjustably
controlling the governor so as to vary the speed of the engine, substantially as set
forth.
Fifth. The method of controlling or regulating the generative force of a dynamo
or magneto electric machine, consisting in throwing into the field magnet circuit a
variable and controllable counter electro-motive force, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. The combination with a generator of an electro motor included in and
regulating the field magnet circuit by its counter electro motive force, substantially
as set forth.
Seventh. The combination of a generator, an electro motor included in the field
magnet circuit, and a magnet in the supply or consumption circuit controlling the
rate of rotation of the motor, substantially as set forth.
Eighth. The method of controlling or regulating the rate of rotation of an electro
motor by varying or regulating a magnetic field through which a disc driven
thereby travels.
Ninth. The combination with a generator and a lamp or group of lamps of
means for automatically regulating the generative force of the generator by
regulating the current energizing the field of force coils simultaneously with
controlling the lamp or groups of lamps, substantially as set forth.
Tenth. The combination with a generator and a lamp or group of lamps of
multiple arc or derived circuits for the field of force coils, one such circuit being
connected to each group of lamps, substantially as set forth.
Eleventh. The combination with a generator and a lamp or group of lamps of.
multiple arc or derived circuits for the field of force coils, one such circuit being
connected to each lamp or group of lamps, and controlled by the circuit closer or
switch of such lamp or group, substantially as set forth.
Twelfth. The combination with a generator and a lamp or group of lamps, of
multiple arc or derived circuits for the field of force coils, one for each lamp or
group of lamps, and a constant closed multiple arc or derived circuit, substantially
as set forth.
Thirteenth. The combination with an electro motor of a resistance included in
its circuit while at rest, and gradually cut out by the motor itself when in action,
substantially as set forth.
Fourteenth. The combination of a motor, a resistance, and a governor operating
to determine the amount of resistance included in the motor circuit, substantially
as set forth.
Fifteenth. The combination with a battery of Faradic machines, of an electric
motor in a derived circuit to the main circuit, and a generator driven thereby, and

page_text: supplying the current for the fields of the battery of Faradic machines, substantially
as set forth.
Sixteenth. The combination with an electric circuit containing translating
dovices, of a condenser arranged substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Griffith Brewer, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
E. G. BREWER. (L.S.)