matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED HAIR CURLER
Year: 1885

page_text: I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
HAIR CURLER a communication to me from abroad by George Augustus Scott of
the City, County and State of New York, United States of America, Electrician,
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide a new and improved electro-magnetic
hair curling device.
The Invention consists in a magnetised iron or steel rod provided with a handle
and with comb teeth. The iron or steel rod is provided with comb teeth and is
secured to a wooden or other handle in a suitable manner. The rod is then
magnetised by means of a dynamo-electric machine or a battery.
The device is used for curling or crimping hair. It is heated and the comb teeth
are passed through the hair and the rod is turned by means of its handle on its
longitudinal axis, and thereby the hair is wound on the rod and is curled or
crimped.
If desired the rod can be made hollow and heated wires may be inserted in the
same for the purpose of heating it.

page_text: hair curling device.
The Invention consists in a magnetized iron or steel rod provided with a handle
and with comb teeth.
Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this
specification in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in
both the figures.
Figure 1 is a side view of the improved hair curling device; figure 2. is a cross-
sectional elevation of the same on the line x x figure 1.
The iron or steel rod A is provided with comb teeth B, and is secured to a wooden
or other handle C in a suitable manner. The rod is then magnetized by means of a
dynamo electric machine or a battery.
The device is used for curling or crimping hair. It is heated and the comb
teeth are passed through the hair and the rod is turned by means of its handle on
its longitudinal axis and thereby the hair is wound on the rod and is curled or
crimped.
If desired, the rod can be made hollow and heated wires may be inserted in the
same for the purpose of heating it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is ;-
1. A hair curler and crimper, consisting of a magnetized iron or steel or other
metal rod provided with comb teeth, substantially as herein shown and described.
2. In a hair curler, the combination with a magnetized iron or steel rod having
comb teeth of a suitable handle of wood or other material secured to said rod,
substantially as herein shown and described.
TRANSPARENT-LIQUID RUST-PREVENTITIVE
Year: 1885

page_text: Preventative.
WILLIAM EDWARD HART Jun Mechanic and Manager of Great Brickkiln
Street Foundry Wolverhampton, do hereby declare the nature of my invention
for TRANSPARENT-LIQUID RUST-PREVENTITIVE to be as follows:-
It is manufactured & composed from-Spirits of Wine-Rezin-Camphor,
with part powdered glass-with patent violet-solid-ink called (Patent Perry &
Company); which takes away a Yellow Colour & which the Sun's rays have to
act upon to give it a Chemical Change, finally leaving it of a steel Colour and as
thin as water in its Liquid state.
When applied to any metal it sets in a few minutes and soon is dry & hard
like Marble; it has a glass-like skin perfectly Transparent and Colourless-this
preserves any kind of Metals from Rust or Tarnish.

page_text: WILLIAM EDWARD HART Jun Mechanic & Manager Gt Brickkiln Street
Foundry Wolverhampton, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
TRANSPARENT LIQUID RUST-PREVENTITIVE, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
It is manufactured and composed from-Camphor-Rezin-Spirits of Wine or
any other spirit which will desolve Camphor and rezin-and act in the same
manner, To which is added in combination-patent solid violet ink called perry's
pattent, or any other body of the same nature-which will answer the same
purpose which takes away the yellow Colour, & which the Sun's rays have to act
upon to give it a Chemical Change-finally leaving it of a steel Colour, and as thin
as water in its Liquid state.
In the manufacture of the above-part powdered glass-heated to the boiling
point of water is used for the purpose of washing and clarifying it.
It should be applied with a Camel-hair brush-when, it sets in a few Minutes
on any metal-hard and dry like Marble. It has a glass-like skin perfectly
transparent and colourless, and preserves any kind of metal from rust and Tarnish
and from the actions of insects-such as house-Flies &c.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. Its perfect transparent Colourless-glass-like skin-which preserves all metals
from rust or tarnish, and from insects such as house-flies,-who discolour Gas-
Fittings &c.
2. The combination in any degree of Camphor, Rezin, & Spirits of wine or any
spirit which will desolve Camphor & Rezin.
3. The combination of all the aforesaid,-with patent solid violet ink called
perry's patent or any other body of the same nature-which will answer the
same purpose, & which will take away the yellow Colour, and finally after being
under the influence of the suns rays leaving it of a steel colour.
4. The Single or Compound combination of all the aforesaid.
5. The Washing & Clarifying of all the aforesaid with part powdered glass-
when being manufactured.
AN IMPROVED WASTE WATER PREVENTER
Year: 1885

page_text: "
I FREDERICK HUMPHERSON of 331 Kings Road Chelsea in the County of
Middlesex Plumber do hereby declare the nature of AN IMPROVED WASTE WATER
PREVENTER and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
"
The drawing accompanying this specification represents a waste water preventer
constructed according to my said invention. Fig 1 shews plan and fig vertical
section of same. The same letters are employed in both views to denote the same
parts. A shews the small tank of ordinary construction fitted with ball cock B.
C shews a cylinder open at top cast or fitted in the tank A. D shews a double
cylinder open at bottom so as to drop into and come over the aforesaid cylinder C
and rest on the blocks E fitted to the cylinder C in order that the water may pass
underneath. To the cylinder D is fixed the chain to connect it with the lever G
which is actuated by the plug or otherwise. H is a pipe communicating with
the pan of the closet. L are the water lines in cylinder C. The action is as
follows:-
Supposing the apparatus to be in the position shewn at fig 2 (that is at rest)
upon the lever G being pulled down by the plug or otherwise the cylinder D will
rise and a partial vacuum will be found in the cylinder C and the water will
thereby be forced into the pipe H by atmospheric pressure and thus the whole of
the water in the tank A will run into the pan. The ball of the ball-cock will be
kept up by the cylinder D until this latter is released when it will fall so as to
supply the tank A again from the cistern and so on.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
Firstly. The cylinders C and D arranged and actuated substantially as, and for
the purpose set forth.
Secondly. My improved waste water preventer substantially as set forth.
Improvements in the Ornamentation of Boots and Shoes.
Year: 1885

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Ornamentation of Boots and Shoes.
I CHARLES CHAMBERS Gentleman of 46 Avenel Rd Highbury Vale, Finsbury
Park London N. do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE ORNAMENTATION OF BOOTS AND SHOES" and in what manner the same is.
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
:-
The invention relates to the ornamentation of boots and shoes which are usually
stitched with fancy coloured silk round the heel and sole.
The improvement consists in inserting plates of brass or other suitable metal
serrated at the edges thus giving the appearance of rows of stitches or pearls
instead of the rows of stitches heretofore used.
The leather is secured in the usual way the plate or plates being cemented, or
fastened in any other suitable manner.
This ornamentation will wear bright and prove much inore lasting and effective
than the fancy silk stitches at the same time being more easily applied.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
The ornamentation of boots and shoes by means of plates of brass or other
suitable metal serrated at the edges, inserted in the sole or heel to give the
appearance of a row of stitches as herein before described.
Dated the 27th day of February 1885.
Year: 1885

page_text: I HARRISON ALVARO ANDREWS, residing at Conneaut, in the County of
Ashtabula, and State of Ohio, in the United States of America, gentleman
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This invention relates to that class of lubricators, used for lubricating line shafts
and other machinery, so located that it cannot be easily reached.
It consists in the combination and arrangement of parts as hereinafter described
and pointed out in the claim.
In the drawings
Fig. 1. is a side elevation of a lubricator made according to my invention.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same.
a is a reservoir of any desired form and of suitable size to be easily handled and
is provided with a nipple a³, having an inlet port within which is located a stop
cock a To the nipple, a³, I attach an air pump b. by which air is forced into the
reservoir. The reservoir is provided with an outlet pipe c. arranged preferably
near its upper end and provided with a stop-cock c¹ and adapted to support a
pipe d. of sufficient length to reach the shafts or gearing to be oiled. A discharge
pipe or nozzle is attached to the outlet pipe and is bent downward over each
shaft so as to discharge the oil into the cups holes or gearing, I have shown a
metallic pipe d. which is best adapted for oiling shafts arranged below ceilings
and of about uniform height from the floor. Air is forced into the reservoir until
the pressure is sufficient to force the oil through the pipe to the shaft. The flow is
regulated by the stop cock c¹.
By means of my peculiar construction and arrangement of parts a lubricating
device is provided which is free from the complication of parts which is found in
ordinary lubricators.
A stop cock is placed between the air-pump and the reservoir which may be
closed and the pump removed entirely during usage the pressure of the air
remaining nearly the same.
The reservoir a is made of one piece of metal and has a dome shaped top which
terminates in the nipple a¹ which performs the double office of a valve seat for the

page_text: stop cock or plug valve a³ and a means of attachment for the pump barrel. The
lateral outlet pipe, c is also integrally formed with the body of the reservoir and
serves as a means of attachment for the discharge pipe d.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
A lubricating device consisting of the following elements in combination, a
reservoir provided with a nipple, a plug valve located in said nipple, a pump barrel
registering with and secured directly to the mouth of the nipple, an outlet pipe
projecting from and an integral part of the reservoir, a discharge pipe connected
with said outlet pipe and a stop cock located in the base of the discharge pipe, the
parts being arranged and operating substantially as shown and described.
IMPROVED FRICTION IGNITER FOR ORDNANCE and
Year: 1885

page_text: I, CHARLES DENTON ABEL of N° 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in
the County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer and Patent Agent do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVED FRICTION IGNITER FOR
ORDNANCE and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement
"
-
This invention relates to an improved construction of friction igniter for
ordnance the construction of which will be understood on reference to the
accompanying drawing, in which Fig 1 shews a longitudinal section of the igniter
to an exaggerated scale, and Fig 2 shews part of the breech apparatus of a gun to
a smaller scale with the igniter inserted. The outer brass casing D of the igniter,
which is cylindrical and which has a hole through its hollowed end, has inserted
into it an inner casing E, open at both ends and formed in its front half with a
throat In this latter is situated the friction wire H passing through the same
and formed into a loop H at its outer end, while at its inner end it has a notched
frictional surface At a certain distance below this surface, the wire has a
cylindrical enlargement or piston 1 having a circular groove 2 and which on its
outer end is formed hemispherically, corresponding to the hollowed end of the
casing D The front face of the piston rests against the before mentioned throat of
the inner casing, to which it is secured by means of a bulge 3 on the former, taking
into the groove 2
Within the front end of the inner casing is situated the
capsule G containing the firing charge and which rests with its inner end against
the throat of the casing E. The capsule G is formed of copper and has a firing
charge consisting of equal parts of chlorate of potash and sulphide of antimony
Lastly, the remaining space of the outer casing is filled with an igniting charge
consisting of finely powdered gunpowder rammed in tight, enclosed at the outer
end by means of a cardboard disc and above this by a metal cap
The igniter is
inserted by means of the wire H into the touch hole of the firing mechanism A as
shewn at Fig 2 and after closing the latter by the cap B and hooking the firing
cord on to the wire, the cord is pulled sharply, whereby the bulge 3 of the inner
casing E is forced back so as to release the piston and allow it to be drawn back
[Prce Adı

page_text: into the hollowed end of the casing D, which it closes in a gas-tight manner
Ab
the same time the frictional surface of the wire is drawn into the igniting charge
and the firing is thus effected.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1 The construction of friction igniter wherein the capsule E is arranged to hold
the friction wire in the manner herein described with reference to the accompanying
drawing
2 The construction of friction wire H with piston K arranged and operating
substantially as herein described.
A NEW PROCESS FOR EMBOSSING LEATHER
Year: 1885

page_text: "
.
I ARTHUR CROFT of Lenton, Nottingham, Dyer do hereby declare the nature of
my invention for "A NEW PROCESS FOR EMBOSSING LEATHER to be as follows:-
In order to emboss leather I take it in a damp state and place upon it a plate
of zinc or other material upon which a pattern has been perforated or engraved
then I pass them together between rollers with pressure thus embossing the leather
with the said pattern. Instead of plates I also use lace or other material with
raised or openwork effects.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, ARTHUR CROFT of Lenton, Nottingham, Dyer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In order to emboss leather I take it in a damp state and place upon it a plate of
zinc or other material upon which a pattern has been perforated or engraved, then
I pass them together between rollers with pressure thus embossing the leather
with the said pattern. Instead of plates I also use lace or other material with
raised or openwork effects.
In carrying out my invention I proceed as follows:-I take leather which has
been damped by wetting it on the grain side with water by means of a sponge,
about a quarter of a pint of cold water being used to a square yard of leather after
which the skins are laid one upon another for about an hour to allow the
dampness to equalise all over the skins.
I then take the damp leather and place it upon woollen material such as flannel
and place a sheet of perforated or engraved zinc or other metal upon the grain side
of the leather and then pass them all together between rollers with pressure thus
embossing the leather with the said pattern or the positions may be exactly
reversed the leather being placed upon the plate and the woollen material_
uppermost.
The plate, woollen material and leather are all drawn together through the
pressure rollers by the rotary motion of the rollers themselves, the motive power
being supplied by steam hand or other suitable and convenient means.
The skins after being embossed are dried in a hot stove room to maintain the
impression.
The skins may be colored before embossing and afterwards dried or the coloring
may be done after embossing and drying.
The plates I use have a perfectly smooth surface and the edges of the perforations
are left sharp and defined to obtain a clear impression on the leather.
Instead of plates I use also patterns made of other materials with raised or
open work effects, such as lace or fine wire work. The method of procedure being
the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what
I claim is
The embossing of leather by the process herein described.
NEW BEVERAGE LACTAURINE OR AERATED WHEY
Year: 1885

page_text: THOMAS DAVIES HARRIES, Grosvenor House Marine Terrace Aberystwith, Wales
Physician & Surgeon, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for THE NEW
BEVERAGE LACTAURINE OR AERATED WHEY to be as follows:-
Cows milk at a temperature of from (95 to 100° Fahr) ninety five to one
hundred, is treated with Rennet which coagulates the caseous matter; The caseous
matter is collected on a cloth woven with wide interstices or a sieve to allow the
Whey to drain from it. The Whey is then boiled, filtered and charged with
carbonic acid gas, in bottles.

page_text: I THOMAS DAVIES HARRIES of Grosvenor House, Marine Terrace, Aberystwith,
in the county of Cardigan, Physician and Surgeon do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
This invention relates to the manufacture of a new beverage to which I propose
to give the name of Lactaurine or Aërated Whey.
In manufacturing my new beverage I take cow's milk at a temperature of from
ninety five to one hundred degrees Fahrenheit and treat it with rennet whereby
the caseous matter is coagulated.
The caseous matter thus obtained is collected on a cloth woven with wide
interstices or meshes or on a sieve for the purpose of allowing the Whey to drain
from it. The Whey is then boiled, filtered and charged with carbonic acid gas in
bottles or otherwise and is then ready for use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:
The manufacture and use of the beverage herein described and to which I propose
to give the name of Lactaurine or Aërated Whey.
Means of Packing, Storing, and Applying Liquid Explosives.
Year: 1885

page_text: Means of Packing, Storing, and Applying Liquid Explosives.
I, OLIVER IMRAY of No 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to means of packing, storing and applying liquid explosives
containing nitric acid, in such a manner as to retain the liquid without loss and to
protect it against percussion. For this purpose the liquid explosive is mixed up
with the substance known as kieselguhr or fossil meal, and a suitable quantity of
the mixture to form a cartridge of such size as may be desired is packed into a case
made of thin sheet lead or alloy of tin and lead.
The ends of the package are bent down and soldered so as to close the case air
tight.
Owing to the flexibility of the case the cartridge can be introduced into a blast
hole of irregular form. A cartridge can also be cut into several pieces when only a
portion of the charge is required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. Mixing liquid explosives containing nitric acid with the substance known as
kieselguhr or fossil meal.
2. Packing the mixture in cases made of soft sheet metal, substantially as
described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LENSES FOR OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1885

page_text: "
I EDWARD GARDNER COLTON of the firm of Popplewell Colton. & Co of Victoria
Chambers Southampton Buildings in the county of Middlesex Fellow of the
Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature of the said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LENSES FOR OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS a communication to me
from abroad by Anton Wagner of Staats Zeitung Building Tryon Row in the
City County and State of New York Optician, and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This invention has reference to an improved lens for spectacles and other optical
instruments, and the invention consists of an optical lens, that is ground to a
greater degree of curvature at its shorter meridian or axis and to a lesser degree of
curvature at its longer meridian or axis, either to a convex or concave surface
according as the lens is intended to magnify or diminish Referring to the
accompanying drawings Fig. 1 represents a front elevation of the improved lens for
optical purposes.
Figs. 2 and 3 are axial sections taken at right angles to each other on lines a
and yy on Fig. 1, respectively on a lens with a convex and with a concave
surface.
In the drawings a lens is represented applicable for spectacles and other optical
purposes, designed for use in correcting imperfect vision."
The lens is ground at one side in such a manner that the radius of the shorter
axis or meridian is smaller than the radius of the longer axis or meridian, whereby
a greater degree of curvature is produced in the direction of the shorter axis than
in the direction of the longer axis.
The result is an elliptical lens, the surface of which is ground either convex or
concave but with different radii for the different axes of the lens. The radius of
the shorter meridian may be for instance 12 feet, while the radius of curvature of
the longer meridian is twenty feet. A lens is thereby obtained that magnifies
or diminishes to a greater degree at the meridian of the shorter axis than at the
meridian of the longer axis. The other surface of the lens may be ground either
"

page_text: plane convex, concave, conical, elliptical cylindrical, prismatic or otherwise
according to the combination that is desired to be made with the front surface.
A lens is thereby obtained that corresponds in a higher degree than the lenses
heretofore in use to the peculiar shape of the eye and which is thereby better
adapted to correct the imperfect vision of the same.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that
what I claim is
Constructing lenses for optical instruments substantially as described.
Year: 1885

page_text: JAMES EMERSON HOWARD No 5 Trinity Sqre Tower Hill Corn Factor do'
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A Wheel with two Tires, one inside & one outside joined to each other by flat
steel Springs, which in their prolongation, to the outside Tire, will be considered
Felloes, acting by means of the outer elastic steel Tire like carriage springs which
they supplant.
In the Drawings you find A representing a common carriage wheel, round the
tire B of which springs are fixed made of flat steel, bent in half circle shapes,
which, with their outer ends D, are fixed to a tire made of elastic flat steel E, in
this manner felloes are obtained which differ by their elastic mobility from the
usual rigid felloes, the tire E yields to the roughness of the road & receives the
blows, without communicating the same to the carriage.

page_text: Wheel with Springs between an Inner and Outer Tire.
JAMES EMERSON HOWARD N° 5 Trinity Sqre Tower Hill EC Corn Factor
communicated by Carl Wahl Konigsberg i/pr do hereby declare the nature of
the invention for WHEELS WITH SPRINGS BETWEEN AN INNER & OUTER TIRE
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
For the manufacture of Felloes by using two Tires in each Wheel one inside
& one outside joined to each other by flat steel Springs which in their prolonga-
tion to the outside Wheel will be considered Felloes acting by means of the outer
elastic steel Tire like carriage Springs which they supplant.
The letters in the accompanying Drawing represent A a common carriage
wheel, round the Tire B of which Springs are fixed, made of flat steel bent.in half
circle shapes, which with their outer ends C & D are fixed to a Tire made of
elastic flat steel E, in this manner Felloes are obtained which differ by their
elastic mobility from the usual rigid Felloes the Tire E yields to the roughness of
the Road & receives the knocks without communicating the same to the carriage.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
Invention & in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that which
I claim is .
1st. A Wheel with Springs between an inner & outer Tire the prolongation of
the flat shaped Springs forms an elastic outer Tire & Felloes.
2nd. Carriages with these Wheels will not require C shaped Springs as all
unevenness of the Roads are by this Invention not felt.
3rd. It can be added to any ordinary Wheel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BANJOES AND SIMILAR MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1885

page_text: HARRY SPRATT 10 Duke Street Adelphi Teacher of the Banjo do bereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN BANJOES AND SIMILAR
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS to be as follows:-
My invention consists of a new method of arranging the tightening hoop and
screws doing away with the brackets &c commonly used, and also a new method of
fixing the handle to the body whereby the vibration of the latter are unimpaired.
Refering to the accompanying drawing Figs. 1 and 2 show elevations of the Banjo.
Fig. 3 shows an enlarged section through the body. C is the body constructed of
metal and having an annular groove D. In this groove is placed the tightening
hoop E which is drawn down by bolts F passing through the bottom of the groove
at H. The handle G passes through the body at I without touching it, and is
secured by suitable connections to the bottom of groove at H.
Dated this twentieth day of May 1885.

page_text: I HARRY SPRATT 10 Duke St Adelphi Teacher of the Banjo do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN BANJOES AND SIMILAR MUSICAL
INSTRUMENTS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in Banjoes and similar musical
instruments.
My invention consists of a new method of arranging the tightening hoop and
screws doing away with the brackets etc commonly used and also a new method of
fixing the handle to the body whereby the vibrations of the latter are unimpaired.
Referring to the drawing accompanying the provisional specification, Figs. 1 & 2
shew elevations of the banjo, Fig. 3 shews an enlarged section through the body.
C is the body constructed of metal and having an annular groove D. In this
groove is placed the tightening hoop E which is drawn down by bolts F passing
through the bottom of the groove at H. The handle G passes through the body
at I without touching it and is secured to the bottom of groove at H.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention I wish it to be particularly understood that I do not bind myself to the
exact details here shewn and described, but I declare that what I claim is
1. The general construction of the body of banjoes and like musical instruments
with annular groove or channel to receive the tightening hoop and to carry the
handle or other attachinent substantially as shewn and described.
2. Attaching the bodies of banjoes and like musical instruments to their handles
etc in such a manner that their handles etc do not touch the bell or outer body
thus leaving it free to vibrate.
Improvements in Gas Ovens for Softening Felt Hats.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in Gas Ovens for Softening Felt Hats.
I JOHN DITCHFIELD, Ashton Road, Denton Lancashire, Tin plate Worker and
Coppersmith, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS OVENS FOR SOFTENING FELT HATS, to be as follows:-
A circular metal oven open on the underside, standing on a metal frame, also an
adjustable lifter, with a circular burner attached underneath, said burner being
supplied with gas by means of a tube, which forms an upright shaft for raising and
lowering the hat in and out of the oven, said shaft being worked by means of a
pulley and cord, with balance weight attached.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Gas Ovens for Softening Felt Hats.
JOHN DITCHFIELD, Ashton Road, Denton, Lancashire, Coppersmith, and Tin
plate Worker, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
GAS OVENS, FOR SOFTENING FELT HATS and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
A circular metal oven, open on the underside, having a conical top, round the
outside of which runs a gallery on which to place the hat for the purpose of
warming, the centre of gallery being perforated so as to allow of the heat getting
to the hat The oven stands on a three leg metal frame joined together by two
three armed brackets. Between the top bracket and the oven, there is an
adjustable lifter, on which to place the hat after it is warmed, underneath said
lifter, and fastened to it, is a circular gas burner, covered with a guard to prevent
the flame touching the hat, said burner being supplied with gas by means of a tube,
on the top end of which the burner is placed, and which also forms an upright
shaft for raising and lowering the hat and the burner, in and out of the oven. The
tube, or upright shaft, is connected at the bottom end to a gas pipe by means of an
india rubber tube, also fastened to the bottom end of upright shaft, is a cord, which
passes over a grooved pulley, and which has a weight at the other end to balance
the weight of the upright shaft, gas burner, and adjustable lifter combined. On
turning the aforementioned grooved pulley, the hat is raised, or lowered, by reason
of the cord connecting the upright shaft with the balance weight.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The conical top, and gallery, on oven.
2. The combination of the adjustable lifter, gas burner, and upright shaft.
3. The grooved pulley and balance weight, in its application to this purpose.
Method of Constructing Case-projectiles with Guiding Collars.
Year: 1885

page_text: Method of Constructing Case-projectiles with Guiding Collars.
I, OLIVER IMRAY of No 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for " METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING CASE-PROJECTILES
WITH GUIDING COLLARS" and in what manner the same is to be performed to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
According to this invention guiding collars are applied to case projectiles in the
following way. The projectile consisting of a smooth case and a metallic core
capable of being somewhat compressed, is placed in a die provided with grooves to
form the guiding collars and is then subjected to a strong pressure. In consequence
of the upsetting thus produced the case of the projectile becomes pressed out into
the grooves so as to have formed on it collars c as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the
accompanying drawings. The strong pressure applied also gives the projectile the
rigidity which is required for projectiles having guiding collars.
b
Before applying the pressure a metallic bottom plate 6 may be inserted in the
case the rear end of which case is bent down over the plate.
When the core of the projectile is very loose in the casing, so that the projectile
would be considerably shortened by the pressure, it may first be placed into a
mould without grooves or only with one groove for the collar, and compressed to
some extent, and then pressed in the die having the necessary grooves. It may be
remarked here that it is useless to apply collars on the case before the pressure is
applied, for a case already provided with collars becomes so upset that the existing
collar is forced out of the groove and done away with, new collars being produced.
It is to be understood however that this invention includes such treatment of
projectiles having cases made with collars on them. The method described of
applying guiding collars by means of pressure besides being simple and cheap,
requiring no special manipulations is advantageous inasmuch as collars thus pro-
duced are strong and serve for exact guiding of the projectile in the grooves of the
arm, moreover tired projectiles recovered in the butts may be thus provided with
fresh collars by again subjecting them to pressure.

page_text: By these properties the projectiles provided with collars produced as described
by pressure are to be preferred to those which have separately made guiding-
collars or guiding-caps soldered on or made of solder thickly laid on.
Collars made
of or secured by soft solder are not durable, and hard soldering of the collars is too
troublesome and expensive to be applicable when a large quantity of projectiles has
to be manufactured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
In case-projectiles, producing guiding collars, by compressing the projectiles in
dies provided with suitable grooves to form the collars, substantially as herein
described.
A UNIVERSAL WRENCH
Year: 1885

page_text: J, JAMES TURNER of No.70 Bishopsgate Street, London, in the County of Middle-
sex, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "A UNIVERSAL
WRENCH" to be as follows:-
This invention relates to a wrench or spanner, which adjusts itself to any size of
nut or bolt head within the limits of its dimensions. It consists of one jaw to
which the handle is jointed and a second jaw which slides in the first and which
has rack teeth gearing with teeth formed on the end of the handle. In applying
this wrench to a bolt or nut, the sliding jaw is moved away from the other
sufficiently far to admit the nut or bolt head, and then on pulling the handle it, by
means of the gearing, first causes the sliding jaw to move towards the other so as
to take a firm grip and then, this grip being taken, the nut or bolt is turned.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, JAMES TURNER of N° 70 Bishopsgate Street, London, Middlesex, Merchant do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to a wrench or spanner which adjusts itself to any size of
nut or bolt head within the limits of its dimensions. It consists of one jaw to
which the handle is jointed and a second jaw which slides in the first and which
has rack teeth gearing with teeth formed on the end of the handle.
The accompanying drawings show two forms of wrench or spanner constructed
according to my invention. A is the fixed jaw to which the handle B is jointed
by a pin C; this handle has teeth b formed on its end which gear into the rack
teeth d formed on the back of the sliding jaw D which is guided in its path either
by a pin E working in a slot as shewn in Fig. 1 or by fitting the back of the sliding
jaw D as a dovetail as shewn in Figs. 2 and 3. In applying this wrench to a bolt
or nut, the sliding jaw D is moved away from the fixed jaw A sufficiently far to
admit the nut or bolt head and then on pulling the handle B it, by means of the
gearing c working in the rack teeth d first causes the sliding jaw D to move
towards the jaw A so as to take a firm grip and then, this grip being taken the
nut or bolt is turned by the further movement of the handle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
A universal wrench, wherein the handle is jointed to the one jaw and gears with
the other jaw which is fitted to slide along the former, constructed and operating
substantially as set forth.
Year: 1885

page_text: The required rotary motion is imparted to the cutters ; from pulley m mounted
on a vertical shaft n and transmitted from it through such shaft and bevel wheels o
and p.
The cutter bar i is retained in its position in shaft g by ordinary means.
In order to impart the required rotary motion to the rope or chain pulley m we
pass round it an endless rope or chain q as shewn so as to obtain the required
amount of frictional contact, motion being imparted to the rope or chain q from
some convenient motor.
In operating not only do we impart a rotary motion to the cutters j, but in order
that the tools may cut. their way under the coal we begin operating with such
cutters j at the face as shewn at rand as it cuts away the material the disc d is
worked round by the attendant through the medium of the hand wheel 8 screw t
and nut u.
It will be readily seen that on pressure being brought to bear upon the
disc dat v through the screw t the disc d can be forced round until the cutters j
arrive at position marked by line w.
After this position has been arrived at the disc d is held stationary by the screw t
and the cutting operation proceeded with by the attendant pushing the carriage a
forward, the rotary motion of the cutters j at the same time being continued.
The carriage a can be retained in its position by dogs, wedges or other ordinary
means.
Having now described the nature of our said invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is
A coal cutting machine consisting of framework or carriage a, bed plate c, disc d,
brackets e and f, shaft g, cutter bar i and arrangement of cutters j, such cutters j
being caused to revolve by an endless rope or chain q passing round pulley m and
thence through shaft n through gearing o and p, also the means for operating the
disc d all substantially as described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HANDLES OF TABLE CUTLERY
Year: 1885

page_text: FREDERICK SHAW Cutlery Manufacturer 78 Edward Street Sheffield, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN HANDLES OF TABLE
CUTLERY and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The frame-work of handle to be made of Brass or other Metal or Metals. The
skeleton Fig. 1 to be either casted flyed stamped or filed the shape required: The
upper & under sides to be flyed or filed in thin Brass or other Metal the same
shape as outside of skeleton The three parts to be then soldered or pinned together
Bo as to form a hollow handle and at the same time leave room for tang of Blade or
Fork. The tang of Blade or Fork to be made right size at part nearest bolster for
Ferrule to be fitted on as Fig. 3. Pearl, Shell, Ivory, or any other covering to be
fitted on the upper and under sides of framework & to be either fluted or plain as
required. When putting together the tange of either Blade or Fork to be inserted
into hollow in framework The scales being placed on upper and under sides & the
whole to be pinned & revited together thus forming a complete handle for knife
Fork &c as fig. 4.
Having now particularly described & ascertained the nature of my said
invention & in what, manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The right to make my invention in any size shape or design suitable for
Table or Dessert knives & Forks & for E P Table & Dessert knives & Forks Fish
Carvers Fish Eaters or any other article in use or that may come into use for which
my handle may be adopted (if unprotected).
2nd The framework of handle being made from thin Metal with Pearl, Shell,
Ivory or other scales on upper & under sides to form a light & cheaper handle than
the solid handle now in use & the simple way the handle is made to render it quite
easy to make it any size shape or design.
.
3rd That the formation of Tang Fig. 3 & at the part next to it which is made
exact size to fit the hollow Metal handle & prevent its shaking or moving about
in any way may be either stamped filed casted on pinned on the ordinary tang.
Dated this 20th day of August 1885.
WINDOW SASH FASTENER
Year: 1885

page_text: I ARTHUR LEWIS of The Legal Club Outer Temple in the County of Middlesex
Gentleman do hereby declare the nature of my invention for a WINDOW SASH
FASTENER and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The bar A of the Fastener is in the shape of the diagram herewith and the object
gained is that the bar cannot from the outside of the window be pushed back with
a knife or other instrument for whereas the knife or other instrument has to
travelle in a direct line between the sash bars (and the movement of the bar of the
Fastener being circular from its base, the slot B being cut in the bar to receive the
knife or other instrument) immdatly an attempt made to push back the bar of
the Fastener the knife or other instrument becomes jammed in the slot of the
Fastener and it becomes locked. The hole C is so placed in the right hand corner
of the base of the bar and on which it moves and gives it the circular action.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The special formation and jamming or locking of the bar of the Fastener.
2. Its circular movement.
3. The slot and its particular formation.
4 The position of the hole at the hose of the bor
Year: 1885

page_text: I Major EDWARD HORLEY, of Toddington, in the county of Bedford, Horti-
cultural Builder, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
My invention relates to improvements in the construction of garden hand lights
and similar structures and the invention consists in connecting the ends of such
structures by means of bolts or rods whereby the said ends of the frame and the
sides and top of glass or other material can be easily and quickly put together and
taken to pieces a very light frame being provided.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe the same
by reference to the accompanying drawing in which figure 1, is a perspective view
of a garden band light constructed according to my invention; figure 2, is a
perspective view shewing the two ends of the frame without the sides and top and
connected by the bolts or rods, in figure 3, is an elevation of the inner side of one
of the ends of the frame. Similar letters in all the figures represent similar parts.
In carrying out my invention I construct the inner sides of the ends a, of the
hand light (made of wood or other suitable material) with grooves b, b, b, for
receiving the end edges of the glass, wood, slate, or other material c, to form the
sides and top of the hand light; the ends a, are also formed with a number of
holes d, (three being shewn in the drawing at figure 3) for receiving the ends of
the bolts or rods e, formed with heads f, at one end and with screw threads at
the opposite ends to receive nuts g.
By this construction in order to fix together the parts forming the hand light it
is only necessary to first pass the bolts or rods e, through the holes d, in the ends a
and then place the nuts g, on the ends of the bolts or rods; the ends of the glass
or other material c, forming the sides and top being then placed in the grooves b,
and the screw nuts tightened up the glass or other material will be thereby kept
in position and the structure will be complete and can be easily and quickly taken
to pieces when required.
I have described my invention as applied to the construction of garden hand
lights but it will be obvious that it is equally applicable to other similar
structurAR

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. Connecting the ends of garden hand lights and similar structures by means of
rods or bolts substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and
represented in the accompanying drawing.
2. In a garden hand light or similar structure the combination of grooved ends
for receiving the ends of the top and sides, with adjustable bolts or rods for
Becuring together the said ends top and sides of the structure substantially as
bereinbefore described and represented in the accompanying drawing.