IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF STOCK AND OTHER BRICKS AND SIMILAR BODIES FROM PLASTIC MATERIALS
Year: 1872

page_text: 10
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Nathan Ager at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd May 1872.
I, NATHAN AGER, of Grosvenor Road, Pimlico, in the County of
5 Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF STOCK AND OTHER BRICKS
AND SIMILAR BODIES FROM PLASTIC MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved machinery for the manufacture of
stock and other bricks and similar bodies from plastic materials.
The machinery mainly consists of an endless series of boxes formed
with two sides only, the bottoms being detachable to be removed by

page_text: hand with the bricks as they are made. The top is open but passes
under a partition, the front of which may be provided with a roller or
an angle piece to press the clay or other plastic body into the boxes as
they arrive near the partition. The boxes pass in succession through a
chamber at the bottom of the pug-mill, and receive the clay under the
pressure of the blades so that each of them becomes filled, and then
the top surface is made level by the roller or the angle plate before
referred to.
I prefer that two or more boxes should be in the chamber at one time,
so that they become gradually filled.
pass
The boxes are carried on link plates or connection pieces, and
round shaped wheels at either end of the framing, the bottoms being
put on to the link plates in succession before they pass under the pug,
and are removed as they leave. The bottom plates, when making stock
upon them, but they may be plain, spiked, or
bricks have the "stock"
otherwise shaped to suit other shaped bricks.
In some cases I force the clay into the boxes by other means, such
as by hand, or by rollers, or by a plunger, when such is necessary.
It is not essential that the boxes be confined to bricks, as other square,
flat, or similarly shaped articles can be made by the same means.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Nathan Ager in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 2nd November 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, NATHAN
AGER, of Grosvenor Road, Pimlico, in the County of Middlesex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Second day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-fifth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and 3
grant unto me, the said Nathan Ager, Her special licence that I, the
said Nathan Ager, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Nathan Ager, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to

page_text: time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE
5 OF STOCK AND OTHER BRICKS AND SIMILAR BODIES FROM PLASTIC MATERIALS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Nathan Ager, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
10 was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Sea
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Nathan Ager, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
15 performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings here-
unto annexed, that is to say :-
20
This Invention relates to improved machinery for the manufacture
of stock and other bricks and similar bodies from plastic materials.
The machinery mainly consists of an endless series of boxes formed
with two sides only, the bottoms being detachable to be removed by
hand with the bricks as they are made. The top is open, but passes
under a partition, the front of which may be provided with a roller or an
angle piece to press the clay or other plastic body into the boxes as they
25 arrive near the partition. The boxes pass in succession through a
chamber at the bottom of the pug-mill, and receive the clay under the
pressure of the blades, so that each of them become filled, and then
the top surface is made level by the roller or the angle plate before
referred to.
30
I prefer that two or more boxes should be in the chamber at one
time so that they become gradually filled.
The boxes are carried on link plates or connection pieces, and pass
round shaped wheels at either end of the framing, the bottoms being put
on to the link plates in succession before they pass under the pug, and
35 removed as they leave. The bottom plates when making stock bricks
have the "stock" upon them, but they may be plain, spiked, or other-
wise shaped to suit other shaped bricks.

page_text: In some cases I force the clay into the boxes by other means, such
by hand, or by rollers, or by a plunger, when such is necessary.
It is not essential that the boxes be confined to bricks, as other
flat, or similarly shaped articles can be made by the same means.
as
square,
The Invention will be clearly understood by reference to the accom- 5
panying Drawings, and by the following detailed description.
for making stock or other bricks.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation, and Figure 2 an end view of a machine
a is the frame supporting at the ends
shaped dises or wheels b, b, and also at or about the centre of the length
a pug-mill c, the blades of which force the clay or other plastic body 10
down into a series of boxes d, d, passing gradually through the chamber,
whereby the boxes become filled in succession, the top surface of the
plastic body being levelled by the angle plate e. Each of the boxes is
formed of the two side strips or walls f, f, fastened to the chains g, g, the
end edges of the walls or leaves bearing close against the inner faces of 15
the main frame, these forming the end walls for shaping the bricks.
The chains are composed of flat plates on edge, and these are connected
by pins or rods h, h, stretching across to keep the links vertical, and also
to act as draught pins by engaging into the notches of the shaped dise
wheels, by one set of which the chains are caused to travel through the 20
motion of the outside wheel i driven by a chain from the first mentioned
shaft j, this being also the shaft on which the pug blades are fitted.
The bottoms of the boxes are removable, and their faces may have the
"stocks" upon them, as shewn in Figure 3, to impart the necessary
indents to the bricks. The sides of the framing at the entry end A are 25
above or level with the tops of the leaves, but at the rear or outlet end B
the sides diminish in height until they are level with the tops of the
links. By this means the loose bottoms with the moulded bricks upon
them are free to be lifted from between the leaves and placed upon an
after being removed from the links can be turned on to the edge to
endless web or band to carry them to the drying sheds, or the bottoms 30
dislodge the bricks therefrom on to a barrow in proximity.
The outlet end disc wheels are beyond the side cheeks of the framing
so that the links and the ends of the "bottoms" are
exposed, thus
giving a clearance at that part to facilitate the removal of the bottoms 35
with the bricks by an attendandt, the bottoms being replaced on to the

page_text: Machines.
links by another attendant at the other or inlet end A as they rise up
and over the disc wheels at that end.
I have referred to an angle plate as being arranged at the outlet of the
chamber, but rollers driven or not may be used in combination with or in
5 lieu of the plate if desired, as I have shewn in Figure 4.
The action of the machine is as follows:-The pug shaft is set in
motion by animal or other power, the barrel being supplied with clay
shot into it over the spout k, and forced downwards into the chamber and
then into the boxes which are in the chamber and fills them, the boxes
o moving on during this time through the action of the chain and chain
wheels. The attendant at the outlet end when the filled boxes arrive
near him lifts the bottoms and also the green bricks in succession, and
deposits the bricks upon a web or upon barrows to be wheeled away to
the drying sheds. The bottoms are then placed upon a board from
5 which the attendant at the inlet end removes them; he then places
them singly on to the links between the leaves, guiding them into the
chamber or into such a position that they pass in after the links with
the leaves rise up over the disc wheels, whereby the boxes are formed
for the reception of the clay under the action of the pug blades as first
O explained.
It will be understood that separate bars or portions of the framing are
arranged directly under the links to carry them straight through the
machine between the disc wheels, these bars also serving to assist the
downward thrust of the clay to enable the boxes to become filled.
; The height of the leaves determines the thickness of the bricks or other
articles to be made, and the shape or device of the upper surface of the
"bottoms" governs the shape or device of one of the faces of the
articles, thus if the bottoms are provided with studs or projections
perforated bricks could be made, or bricks or other articles with indents,
> names, or characters could be produced continuously, each one being a
counterpart or exactly similar to another.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
Firstly. The construction and arrangement of machinery for making
stock and other bricks and similar bodies from plastic materials, as
herein-before described and shown.