AN IMPROVED METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING AND ARRANGING BRICKS FOR FACING BUILDINGS WALLS AND OTHER STRUCTURES
Year: 1884

page_text: I JOHN JONES of Johnstown near Ruabon in the county of Denbigh Builder
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for AN IMPROVED METHOD
OF CONSTRUCTING AND ARRANGING BRICKS FOR FACING BUILDINGS WALLS AND
OTHER STRUCTURES to be as follows:-
:-
The object of my invention is to produce a brick which when placed in position
as a facing brick in buildings walls and other structures shall entirely repel and
exclude rain or moisture and obviate the necessity of pointing the joints between
the bricks as the mortar therein deteriorates which is so objectionable in the
present practice.
I carry out this object by forming the brick as hereinafter described so that the
face of each brick overlaps to a certain extent one of the bricks immediately
adjacent on the same course and the brick immediately below on the next lower
course. The brick is made of any material and formed in a convenient mould made
in accordance with the shape in which I desire to form the brick. The brick has
preferably an inclined or bevelled face while the other sides thereof are rectilinear
and rectangular and may be made of any size or proportion that may be deemed
expedient. The bevelled face is inclined outwardly towards the lower edge
which edge projects downwards below the face of the bottom of the brick a
certain desired distance so that when placed in position the horizontal joint
between the two courses of bricks is covered. The bevelled face also projects a
little beyond one of the ends of the brick and a corresponding portion is taken
out of the end of the next adjacent brick so that when the two bricks are placed
in position the lateral vertical joint between the same is also covered. The corner
bricks can be made in the same manner and returned or they can have a square
jamb and suitable parts taken out of the lateral edges to receive the overlapping
edges of the facing bricks or suitable overlapping edges added to enter the adjacent
bricks and cover the vertical joints. These bricks are placed in courses in the
usual manner and the wall when built up has therefore a series of inclined faces
of which the face of the upper course overlaps the face of the course immediately
below and so on while the angles of the faces are so arranged that the whole wall.
is vertical. I can also make the brick with a vertical face instead of an inclined

page_text: one and in this case also I prolong the lower edge below the bottom of the brick
and take out a corresponding portion of the upper edge of the brick in the course
next below so that the horizontal joint may be covered. Thus by my method of
constructing and arranging these facing bricks the joints between the same are all
covered by the overlapping portions whereby the mortar in the joints is preserved
and all rain moisture and weather is repelled and excluded from the building wall
or other structure..
I JOHN JONES of Johnstown near Ruabon in the county of Denbigh Builder
do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for AN IMPROVED METHOD
OF CONSTRUCTING AND ARRANGING BRICKS FOR FACING BUILDINGS WALLS AND
OTHER STRUCTURES and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of my invention is to produce a brick which when placed in position
as a facing brick in buildings walls and other structures shall entirely repel and
exclude rain or moisture or weather and obviate the necessity of pointing the
joints between the bricks as the mortar therein deteriorates which is so objectionable
in the present practice.
I carry out this object by forming the brick as hereinafter described so that the
face of each brick overlaps to a certain extent one of the bricks immediately
adjacent on the same course and also the brick immediately below on the next
lower course and thus the joints between the said bricks are covered. The brick
according to my invention can be made of any material and of any size and shape
that may be desirable or convenient and it is formed in a mould made in accordance
therewith.
In order to explain my invention I refer to the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 is a plan of the top of the brick A. Figure 2 is an end elevation of
the brick A. Figure 3 is a plan of the top of the corresponding brick A¹ which is
so formed to enable me to build the wall after the manner styled Flemish bond.
Figure 4 is a side elevation of the brick A¹.
This
The brick A in the drawing is made of the same size and after the same fashion
as the ordinary brick and is also of the same shape except the face C formed on
one of the sides thereof which is inclined or bevelled outwardly towards its lower
edge which edge projects downwards below the bottom of the brick a certain
distance preferably in this brick about one inch as shewn at C2 in Figure 2.
bevelled face C also projects a little distance beyond one end of the brick preferably
also in this brick about one inch as shewn at C³ in Figure 1 and a corresponding
portion is removed from the said face at the other end of the brick as shewn at C
in Figure 1. I also prefer to form a weathering on the inner lower edge of the
face C as shewn at D in Figure 2 to prevent any rain moisture or weather being
forced up under the projecting lower edge of the face C.

page_text: The corresponding brick A¹ is made in a similar manner except that the inclined
or bevelled face C₁ which is formed in exactly the same manner as the face C
hereinbefore described is made on one of the ends of the brick instead of on one
of the sides as aforesaid.
Figure 8 is a vertical transverse section of a wall as far as the face thereof is
concerned built with these bricks. The bricks A and A¹ are placed in courses in
the usual manner and the wall when built has therefore a series of inclined or
bevelled faces C and C¹ in which the lower edges of the faces of the one course
overlap the upper edges of the faces of the course next immediately below thereby
covering the horizontal joint between these said courses and preserving the mortar
therein while the bevelled faces are inclined at such an angle that the whole wall
is vertical. The weathering D also prevents any rain or moisture or weather
being forced up between these overlapping faces.
Instead of an inclined or bevelled face as herein before described I can also
make my brick with a vertical or rectangular face.
Figure 5 is a plan of the top of the brick B. Figure 6 is an end elevation of
the brick B. Figure 7 is a side elevation of a corresponding brick B¹ similar to
the brick A¹ herein before described and shewn in Figure 3.
These bricks B and B are made as herein before described in respect of the
bricks A and A¹ except that the faces E and E¹ thereof formed respectively on the
side of the brick B and on the end of the brick B¹ are vertical or rectangular.
The faces E and E¹ project in a similar manner below the bottoms of the bricks B
and B¹ as shewn at E2 in Figures 6 and 7 and also beyond the end of the brick B
as shewn at Es in Figure 5 and the side of the brick B¹ similarly to Cs in Figure 3
while corresponding portions are removed from the faces at the other end of the
brick B as shewn at E' in Figure 5 and the other side of the brick B¹ similarly to C¹
in Figure 3. Portions corresponding to the projections E below are also removed
from the upper edges of the faces of the bricks B and B¹ as shewn at E³ in
Figures 6 and 7. The weathering D is not required in these bricks and is
dispensed with.
Figure 9 is a vertical transverse section of a wall as far as the face thereof is
concerned built with these bricks. The bricks B and B¹ are placed in courses in
the usual manner and the lower edges E2 of the faces E and E¹ of the one course
enter the spaces E³ in the upper edges of the faces E¹ and E of the course next
immediately below thereby covering the horizontal joint between the said courses
and preserving the mortar therein.
Figures 10 and 11 are horizontal sections of walls built with the bricks herein-
before described as far as the faces thereof are concerned shewing also two methods
of forming the corner bricks. F in Figure 10 is a corner brick that has a square
jamb and it can be made with either an inclined or a vertical face and jamb. G in
Figure 11 is a corner brick that is moulded which moulded part is preferably made
vertical whether the said brick G be used with the bricks A or the bricks B herein-
before described. The upper and lower edges of the faces of these corner bricks F
and G are made and formed in the same manner as hereinbefore described in respect
of the bricks A or the bricks B. In Figure 10 I shew how the lateral vertical joint
between two adjacent bricks B and B on the same course is covered by the projecting
face E³ of the one brick which enters the space E* in the face of the next adjacent
brick as herein before described and in Figure 11 I shew how the lateral vertical
joint between two adjacent bricks A and A on the same course is covered in the
same manner by the projecting face C³ of the one brick which enters the space C¹
in the face of the next adjacent brick as herein before described and the lateral
vertical edges of the faces of the corner bricks F and G are formed in like manner
to cover the vertical joint between the said corner brick For G and the next
adjacent bricks A or B or to allow the projecting faces of the said bricks A or B
to cover the said vertical joint.
In the same manner I can make any other bricks that may be needed for arches
or for other building purposes.

page_text: Thus by this my method of constructing and arranging these facing bricks all the
joints between the said bricks are covered by overlapping portions thereof whereby
the mortar in the said joints is preserved and all rain or moisture or weather is
repelled and excluded from the building wall or other structure.
I would however have it clearly understood that I do not limit myself to the
exact shapes and proportions of the bricks and of, the faces and other parts thereof
or the precise construction of the several parts thereof as shewn in the drawing
for the same may be departed from and varied as may be necessary or expedient in
each particular case without departing from my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The facing brick with an inclined or bevelled face which face projects beyond
the brick in certain places and from which face a certain portion is removed
substantially as hereinbefore described and declared.
2. The facing brick with a vertical or rectangular face which face projects
beyond the brick in certain places and from which face certain portions are
removed substantially as herein before described and declared.
3. The method or manner of arranging the bricks with the inclined or bevelled
faces as hereinbefore described and claimed the said method consisting of placing
the said bricks in juxtaposition in such a manner that the lower projecting parts
of the said faces overlap the faces of the bricks of the course next immediately
below while the lateral vertical projecting parts of the said faces enter the spaces
formed by the removed portions of the said faces of the next adjacent bricks
of the same course substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and
declared.
4. The method or manner of arranging the bricks with the vertical or rectangular
faces as herein before described and claimed the said method consisting of placing
the said bricks in juxtaposition in such a manner that the projecting parts of
the said faces enter the spaces formed by the removed portions of the said faces of
the bricks of the course next immediately below and of the next adjacent bricks
of the same course substantially as and for the purpose herein before described and
declared.
10th
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