IMPROVEMENTS IN APParatus FOR VENTILATING SEWERS, DRAINS, ROOMS, AND OTHER BUILDINGS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Gregson Banner, of 11, Billitor Square, in
the City of London, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS IN APParatus
FOR VENTILATING SEWERS, DRAINS, ROOMS, AND OTHER BUILDINGS."
.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Gregson Banner
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 5th October 1874.
D
I, EDWARD GREGSON BANNER, of 11, Billiter Square, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING SEWERS, DRAINS, ROOMS, AND OTHER
BUILDINGS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for
ventilating sewers, drains, rooms, and other buildings.
In order to withdraw a continuous current of air from sewers, drains,
ships, rooms, and other buildings I carry up a shaft or pipe from the
sewer, drain, room, or building, and upon the top of the shaft or pipe I

page_text: mount a revolving cowl carrying a horizontal funnel-shaped tube in such
manner that the larger end of the funnel shall always be directed
towards the wind, and a current of air thereby caused continuously to
issue from its smaller end.
The sides of the funnel are surrounded by a hollow casing from which
a short tube passes downwards and rests upon the top of the shaft or
pipe leading from the sewer, drain, ships' hold, room, or other building.
From the hollow casing there is also another opening surrounding the
smaller end of the funnel tube. By this means so long as there is a
current of air passing through the funnel, this current of air will draw
along with it a current of air from the hollow casing which surrounds it,
and consequently from the shaft or pipe leading to the sewer, drain,
ships' hold, room, or other building.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Gregson Banner in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 5th April 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
GREGSON BANNER, of 11, Billiter Square, in the City of London, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Edward Gregson Banner, Her
special license that I, the said Edward Gregson Banner, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward Gregson
Banner, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain.
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR VENTILATING SEWERS, DRAINS, ROOMS, AND
OTHER BUILDINGS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Edward Gregson Banner, my executors or administrators, by an instru-

page_text: ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Gregson Banner, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for
ventilating sewers, drains, rooms, and other buildings.
In order to withdraw a continuous current of air from sewers, drains,
ships, rooms, and other buildings, I carry up a shaft or pipe from the
sewer, drain, room, or building, and upon the top of the shaft or pipe I
mount a revolving cowl constructed in the manner represented in the
Drawing hereunto annexed. The Drawing shows a vertical section of
the cowl. A is a horizontal cylinder with a funnel head A' at one end;
B is a short tube passing downwards from the funnel A', the tube B
rises up within the funnel and is bent round to bring it parallel and
concentric with the cylinder A, and is carried along for a distance within
this tube, as shown, in order to cause a stream of air entering the
funnel A' to travel forward in a straight course before it arrives at the
end of the tube B; C is a spindle which is fixed to the funnel A' and
tube B, and passes downwards through the centre of this tube; the
spindle C is received within a supporting tube D and rests upon a.
bearing at its lower end. The supporting tube D is carried by arms-
from the sides of a short tube E, this tube is placed at the top of the
shaft or pipe which is carried up from the drain or sewer or other place
to be ventilated. B¹ is a rain guard around the tube B to prevent rain
passing into the tube E. A vane F is fixed to the top of the cylinder A
and funnel A', so as always to keep the mouth of the funnel directed
towards the wind. By this means any current of air entering the
funnel A will be directed through the annular space between the
cylinder A. and pipe B, and as it passes beyond the end of this pipe will
induce an upward current through it, and consequently an upward
current from the shaft or pipe leading from the place to be ventilated.

page_text: The above construction of cowl affords a simple, cheap, and effectual
arrangement for employing the force of the wind to induce an upward
current of air through any pipe leading from a sewer or drain or from a
room or other building, or the cowl may be employed for ventilating
railway carriages or ships' holds, cabins, and such like, or might be
employed for inducing an upward current through a chimney.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of
performing the same, I would state that I claim, the combined arrange-
ment of apparatus for ventilating sewers, drains, rooms, and other
structures, substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Gregson Banner, have
hereunto set my hand and scal, this Fifth day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five.