IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1885

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co, Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING" and
in what manner the same is to be performed; to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates more especially to that class of looms, which are designed
for manufacturing figured or ornamental elastic fabrics such as suspender webbing,
and also ribbons, tapes, and narrow goods generally; and it consists principally in
the following instrumentalities, 1st, one or more eye-pointed needles for carrying
the thread or threads used in ornamenting the fabric, said needle or needles being
adapted to pass through or partially through the warp threads in front of the
reed and between the reed and the shuttle race or path of the shuttle; 2nd, in a
suitable holder or holders for, the needle or needles, said holder or holders being
adapted to be moved reciprocally, both vertically and laterally, with respect to the
web: and 3rd, in a pattern wheel or device adapted to aid in controlling the lateral
movements of the needle or needles carrying the thread or threads for ornamenting
the fabric, these parts being employed in combination with the ordinary lathe,
reed and shuttle of the loom.
The nature and operation of my improvement will be readily understood by all
conversant with such matters from the following explanation, it not being deemed
essential to show all parts of the loom in order to illustrate the invention.
In the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the lathe and pattern wheel certain parts of the
lathe being represented as broken off.
Figure 2 is an. end elevation of the lathe, the pattern wheel and the ratchet
mechanism for operating the pattern wheel;
Figure 3 is an elevation of the pattern wheel detached, showing the side opposite
that represented in Figure 2.;
Figure 4 is a sectional view representing the needles elevated.
Figure 5 is a like view representing the needles depressed; and

page_text: Figure 6 is a plan view showing a portion of one of the needle-bars and
its pawl.
Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different Figures.
of the drawings.
A represents the lathe, B B portions of the pendulous arms by which the same
is suspended, C the shuttle, D the shuttle-race, and E the reed, these parts being
all of the ordinary form and construction.
Projecting upwardly from the lathe there are two standards F, F, and fitted
to work vertically in a suitable slot in either of said standards there is a slide
or b₁xx.
Two horizontally arranged bars or needle-holders H, J, are fitted to slide longi-
tudinally in the boxes x, the lower bar J carrying two vertically arranged
eye-pointed needles m, and the superposed bar H two corresponding needles d.
A coiled spring k is attached to each of the bars or holders H, J, one end of the
spring being secured to the bar and the other to the standard F, the springs acting
contractively to force the bars constantly in the direction of the pattern wheel as
herein after more fully described.
A U-shaped clamp is passed from front to rear over the bars H, J, which bars
slide freely through the same; and pivotted in the projecting ends of said clamp
on the rod d, at the rear of said bars, there are two ratchet pawls z, said pawls
being respectively adapted to engage teeth von said bars, and provided with
cam-shaped projections i and a curved arm or tail-piece r. The rod is made
farst in the clamp 1, and has its lower end elongated and fitted to work vertically
in a socket f in a fixed portion of the lathe, a spring g2 being employed to
produce friction on the rod. The rod d³ acts not only as a pivot for the pawls z,
but prevents the clamp. from traversing with the rods H, J, while permitting it
to rise and fall with said rods,
6+1
11 j
A bell-crank lever Lis pivotted at t to the rear portion of the lathe A, the
vertical arm of said lever being adapted to engage the pawls 2, and its horizontal
arm provided with a vertically arranged rod k
1.
Projecting upwardly from one end of the lathe A there is a standard M, provided
with a slot b, in which a slide or box, N is fitted to work vertically. This slide
is provided with a fixed horizontally arranged stub-shaft f, and a two-armed
bracket O.
A ratchet-wheel P and pattern wheel Q are journalled on the stub shaft f, and
pivotted to one of the arms of the bracket O there is a retaining pawl g, adapted
to engage the wheel P.
A bar or lever R,has its lower end pivotted to the shaft f, and it's upper end
provided with a rod p, said, rod having a loop or slot in its lower end in which
the headed stud or wrist pin e works.
:
An actuating-pawl n, adapted to engage the ratchet wheel P, is pivotted to the
lever R by means of the bolt q, which passes through a slot w in said lever and is
made adjustable therein. -
3
One of the arms of the bracket O is provided with an adjusting screw y, adapted
to engage the lever R and prevent it from falling too low when it is depressed in
actuating the ratchet, wheel P, said wheel being attached to the wheel Q in such
a manner as to cause them to revolve conjointly.
A rod S has its lower end secured to the slide or box N, said rod being employed
in raising and lowering said box and the wheels P, Q,, bracket O, lever R, and
pawls g, n, conjointly or in unison with the needle-holding bars H, J, a rod T
being secured to either of the boxes x for raising and lowering said bars.,
A shaft (not shown) mounted in a fixed portion of the loom frame and carrying
suitable cams is properly connected with the rods S, T, k, p, for raising and
lowering the wheel Q and bars or needle-holders H, J, and also for actuating, the
levers R, L, said shaft being preferably driven by the same power which operates
the lathe and drives the shuttle of the loom,

page_text: A double row of pins a project laterally from the wheel Q, said pins being
constructed of unequal lengths or in accordance with the pattern to be followed in
ornamenting the web, the inner row of pins being adapted to engage the end of
the bar H, and the outer row the end of the bar J.
The lathe A is designed to be swung, and the shuttle C operated, in the usual
manner and by the ordinary means.
The web, U, is ornamented by means of threads o which pass from spools (not
shown), mounted on the loom, through the guides a³ and thence respectively
through the eyes of the needles d, m, and into the web.
Guards m² are employed to prevent the needles d, m, from being sprung or
drawn out of proper position by the strain on the threads c during the process of
incorporating said threads in the web.
These guards consist respectively of rigid wires or rods arranged horizontally
in front of the needles near the upper portion of the reed E, and firmly secured at
either end to a fixed portion of the lathe or shuttle race, in such a manner that
when a needle is bent outwardly or towards the front of the lathe by the action of
its thread it will strike one of the guards, the vertical movements of the needle
not being interfered with thereby.
The needles work vertically and pass through the unfilled warp threads between
the path or race of the shuttle C and the reed E, the pattern-wheel and needles
swinging with the lathe A.
The lateral movements of the needles in one direction, or to the left, is caused
by drawing up the horizontal arm of the lever L by means of the rod k, thereby
bringing the vertical arm of said lever into contact with the projections i on the
pawls, and causing said pawls to engage the teeth v and slide the bars or
holders H, J in the direction of the springs K; the reverse lateral movement of the
needles to the right being caused by the action of the springs K when the vertical
arm of the lever L is withdrawn from the projections i by depressing the rod k.
When the vertical arm of the lever L is withdrawn from the projections i on
the pawls z, and strikes the curved arms r of said pawls, the pawls are thereby
disengaged from the teeth on the bars or holders H. J, permitting said bars to be
forced by the springs K against their respective pins in the wheel Q; but as said
pins are of unequal lengths one of the bars will travel towards the right a greater
distance than the other; thus changing the relative position of the needles d, m
with respect to the web E. It will be obvious, however, that when the vertical
arm of the lever L strikes the projections i on the pawls 2, both of said pawls will
be caused to engage the bars simultaneously and both of said bars moved in unison
to the left.
In order to more clearly understand the method of incorporating the threads c
in the web U and thereby ornamenting the same I will describe the operation of
the principal parts shewn during one full revolution of the main driving wheel
of the loom, or one complete traverse of the lathe.
The lathe being at the front of the loom, the shuttle at the right hand side of
the web, and the needles, needle-bars and pattern-wheel elevated, with the needles
threaded and said bars against their respective pins in the pattern wheel, if now
the loom is started the lathe will be moved or swung back from the breast beam
and at the first quarter of its traverse the needles, needle-bars and pattern-wheel
will be lowered and the needles carrying their threads will pass through the warp
threads and remain down while the lathe passes through the second and third
quarters of its traverse.
After the lathe has passed through the first quarter of its traverse and while it
is making its second and third quarters the shuttle is passed from right to left
of the web, completing its passage at about the centre of the third quarter of the
traverse of the lathe.
The needles begin to rise as the lathe enters upon the fourth quarter of its
traverse, their upward movement being completed before the lathe completes its
fourth or last quarter

page_text: '
The lathe then continues to advance to the front to beat up the filling and
while completing the fourth or last quarter of its course the pattern wheel is
revolved one notch or step to change the position of its pins with respect to the
bars or holders H, J after which the lever L is withdrawn from the projections i of
the pawls, and striking the arms of said pawls, disengages the pawls from the
bars H, J, and permits the springs K to move the bars to the right into contact
with the pattern wheel and thereby change the position of the needles preparatory
to repeating the operation.
The needles & are secured to the needle bar or holder H by a screw clamp 2, and
the needles m in the bar J by screws ; but any other suitable means may be
employed for this purpose.
Any desired number of needles and needle holders may also be employed.
Instead of using the rows of pins a annular cam-shaped flanges may be employed
on the wheel Q against which the bars H, J may abut if desired; and instead of
moving the needles d'm back and forth laterally in the manner described, any
other suitable means for that purpose may be employed.
The movements of the needles may be so timed as to cause them to work "pick
and pick" or pass through the warp 'threads at each throw of the shuttle, or
otherwise as desired.
The pawls and lever L afford a convenient means for locking the bars H J
together, and moving them away from the pattern wheel conjointly, but any other
suitable means may be employed to accomplish the same results if preferred.
A proper tension and take-up mechanism (not shown) is used with each of the
threads c.
One shuttle and one reed only are shewn in the drawings, but it will be under-
stood that several may be employed in the same loom; also that one or more
needles may be employed with each shuttle and reed, as desired.
It will be understood that it is preferable to have the threads carried by the
needles of a different color or colors from those composing the warp and filling of
the fabric; also that in commencing the weaving the needle threads should be
drawn some distance through the eyes of the needles, in order that the loose ends
of the threads may be caught and secured in the web by the shuttle thread.
I do not confine myself to moving the needles laterally as a striped or ornamented
fabric may be produced without this, but deem it preferable to give the needles
variable lateral movements as described. Neither do I confine myself to using the
loom for weaving narrow fabrics only.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. In a weaving loom, the combination of a lathe, a shuttle, a reed, and an
eye-pointed needle or needles, said needle or needles being adapted to carry a
thread or threads and pass through the warp threads between the path of the
shuttle and the reed for the purpose of ornamenting the fabric, substantially as
described.
Second. In a weaving loom, the combination of a lathe, a shuttle, a reed, and
eye-pointed needle or needles, said needle or needles being adapted to carry a
tbread or threads to pass the same through the warp threads between the path of
the shuttle and the reed, and to move back and forth laterally for the purpose of
ornamenting the fabric, substantially as set forth.
Third. In a weaving loom, the combination of a lathe, a shuttle, a reed, and two
needle holders each carrying one or more eye-pointed needles, said needles being
adapted to pass through the warp threads between the reed and path of the shuttle
and introduce an ornamental thread or threads into the fabric, and said holders to
be moved in such manner, as to change the position of the needle or needles of one
of the holders with respect to the needle or needles of the other for the purpose of
ornamenting the fabric, substantially as described.

page_text: Fourth. In a weaving loom, the combination of a lathe, a shuttle, a reed, an eye-
pointed needle or needles, a holder or holders for the needle or needles, and a
pattern wheel, substantially as set forth.
Fifth. In a weaving loom, the lathe A, shuttle C, reed E, eye-pointed needles dm,
holders H, J, pawls Z, lever L, springs K, rods T, k, d, and a wheel or device for
governing the pattern, substantially as described.
Sixth. In a weaving loom, the pawls 2 provided with the projections i and
arms r, in combination with the holders H, J, rod d³, and lever L, substantially as
set forth.
Seventh. In a weaving loom, the lathe A provided with the standards F, having
the boxes for carrying the holders H, J, substantially as, and for the purpose,
specified.
Eighth. In a weaving loom, the guard m³, in combination with the eye-pointed
needle d, reed E, shuttle C, lathe A, and a holder for said needle, substantially as,
and for the purpose, set forth.
Ninth. In a weaving loom, the pattern wheel Q, in combination with the
bolders H, J, means for moving said holders longitudinally, and means for rotating
said wheel, substantially as described.
Tenth. In a weaving loom, a pattern wheel adapted to be raised and lowered in
unison with a holder or holders carrying an eye-pointed needle or needles, said
needle or needles being adapted to introduce a thread or threads into the fabric for
the purpose of ornamenting the same, substantially as set forth.
Eleventh. In a weaving loom, the pattern-wheel Q, ratchet wheel P, lever R,
rods S, p, bracket O, pawls g n, and sliding box N, in combination with the
needle-holders H, J carrying the needles m d and adapted to be moved vertically
and laterally, substantially as described.
Twelfth. In a weaving loom, the lathe A provided with the standard M, having
the sliding box N carrying the pattern wheel Q and ratchet mechanism for inter-
mittently rotating said wheel, substantially as, and for the purpose, specified.
Dated this 22nd day of April 1885. ·
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.