Improvements in Locking Apparatus or Devices for Bolts, Nuts, Manhole Doors, and the like
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 19th Apr., 1899
Complete Specification Loft 10th Ion 1000 Accented 24th Fohl 1400
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Locking Apparatus or Devices for Bolts, Nuts,
Manhole Doors, and the like.
-
I, JOHN PETER DALBY, of 138, Lady Pit Lane, Leeds, in the County of York,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object an arrangement whereby man-hole doors, the
ends of connecting rods or eccentrics, fish plates, and other articles fastened with
screws, bolts and nuts or even studs and nuts can be quickly and firmly locked.
As applied to fish plates, in place of having a squared end to the bolt passing
through the fish plate I have the shank of the bolt entirely round, and the nut has
a squared projection which fits into a squared hole in the other fish plate or there
may be a hole, any other shape than round with a corresponding projection on
the nut, or an equivalent abutment so that the nut cannot turn. The bolt is
accordingly turned instead of the nut. Holes are drilled through the bolt head
from side to side, either one, two or three as the case may be, and when the bolts
are all tight up, a wire or pin is passed through the holes in two or more bolts,
thus locking them. In some cases however the ordinary bolts can be used, and
nuts considerably longer than the projecting ends of the bolts are employed. The
nuts have lateral holes through them in the part projecting beyond the bolt, and
a wire is passed through the holes of two or more nuts thus holding them secure.
In man-hole doors, especially for ball mills I have two bolts or screws instead of
one.
Their heads or nuts, as the case may be, are formed with holes in the manner
already described. The man-hole cover is put in place, a bridge piece placed in
position under two lugs and the two screws screwed up tight in this bridge piece
against a man-hole cover, thus holding the man-hole cover tight in its position
against the man-hole. Where however the bridge piece or the man-hole cover
is inside the boiler or other structure, and the other of them outside, long nuts
as aforesaid are used. It will be obvious from this desciption of its adaptation
to two different purposes that my apparatus can be applied in almost any position
where a nut, bolt or engineer's screw is used in mechanics, such as for instance,
in firmly securing the nuts at the ends of connecting rods. In this case I prefer
to have the nut stationary and so shaped as to abut firmly against the connecting
rod so that it cannot move. The bolts are then screwed up into it and the wire
placed through the holes in the heads and then turned up so as to prevent it slip-
ping out.

page_text: Improvements in Locking Apparatus or Devices for Bolts, Nuts,
Manhole Doors, and the like.
I, JOHN PETER DALBY, of 138, Lady Pit Lane, Leeds, in the County of York,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention has for its object an arrangement whereby man-hole doors, the
ends of connecting rods or eccentrics, fish plates, and other articles fastened with
screws, bolts and nuts or even studs and nuts can be quickly and firmly locked.
The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings,
in which,
Figures 1, 2 and 3 are respectively elevation, sectional plan, and cross section,
showing the invention applied to fish plates;
Figure 4 shows a modification in cross section;
Figures 5 and 6 are sectional views showing the invention applied to manhole
covers;
Figures 7 and 8 are plan and elevation showing two forms of the invention as
applied to connecting rods.
As applied to fish plates, in place of having a squared end to the bolt passing
through the fish plate I have the shank of the bolt A (Figures 1, 2 and 3) entirely
round, and the nut B has a squared projection C which fits into a squared hole in
the other fish plate, or there may be a hole any other shape than round with a
corresponding projection on the nut, or an equivalent abutment, so that the nut
cannot turn, or I may form the fish plate itself as a stationary nut by tapping its
bolt holes.
The bolt A is accordingly turned instead of the nut B. Holes 1 are drilled
through the bolt head from side to side, either one, two or three as the case may
be, and when the bolts are all tight up, a wire or pin E is passed through the
holes in two or more bolts, thus locking them. In some cases however as
shown in Figure 4, the ordinary bolts A can be used, and nuts B₁ considerably
longer than the projecting ends of the bolts are employed. The nuts have lateral
holes D through them in the part projecting beyond the bolt, and a wire or pin
is passed through the holes of two or more nuts, thus holding them secure in the
manner described for the bolts.
In man-hole doors, especially for ball mills I have two bolts or screws instead
of one.
Their heads or nuts, as the case may be, are formed with holes in the
manner already described. For instance, as shown in Figure 5, the man-hole
cover F is put in place, a bridge piece G placed in position under two lugs and
the two screws A screwed up tight in this bridge piece against the man-hole cover,
thus holding the man-hole cover tight in its position against the man-hole, the
screws being then fastened by the wire or pin E in the manner described. Where
however the bridge piece or the man-hole cover is inside the boiler or other
structure, and the other of them outside, long nuts B' as aforesaid are used. This
is shown in Figure 6, in which the man-hole cover F is secured by bolts A passing
through the bridge piece G and tightened up by long nuts B₁ which are then
fastened by the wire or pin E.
It will be obvious from this description of its adaptation to two different pur-
poses that my apparatus can be applied in almost any position where a nut, bolt
or engineer's screw is used in mechanics, such as, for instance, in firmly securing
the puts at the ends of connecting rods. In this case I prefer to have the nut

page_text: stationary and so shaped as to abut firmly against the connecting rod so that it
cannot move. This is shown in Figure 7 in which it will be seen that the nuts B
fit to the rod H and cannot turn upon the bolts A being screwed into them, whilst
Figure 8 shows the end of the connecting rod itself adapted as a stationary nut
by having its bolt holes tapped to the desired extent. The bolts A are then
screwed up into the stationary nut or rod end and the wire or pin 1 placed through
the holes D in the heads and then turned up so as to prevent it slipping out.
This simple method of fastening the ends of connecting rods will be found par-
ticularly useful in motor cars, and to avoid having to drill out a broken bolt in
the event of a bolt being accidentally broken off in the stationary nut or tapped
hole of the rod end, it is better to liave the bolt ends kerfed as shown to allow of
the broken piece being unscrewed.
The fastening wire or pin E may have any suitable form adapted for the par-
ticular requirements of each case. For instance, as shown in Figure 1, a straight
pin or wire may be used and secured against slipping out by having its ends bent
over and where the bolts or nuts after being tightened up are found to have their
holes out of register the wire may be bent out of the straight as shown in the
right hand part of Figure 1, or washers may be used as required to secure the
straight position of the heads or nuts. A split pin, such as shown in Figure 8,
is a useful form of fastener where the parts are liable to require frequent unscrew-
ing, but in such cases, I may use a compressible pin made in two parts telescoping
or sliding the one into or along the other with a spring bearing against a shoulder
or projection on each part to keep them normally extended. Such a pin may
easily be contracted against the pressure of the spring sufficiently to allow it to
be placed between two heads or nuts and then allowed to expand and snap into the
holes therein, and may be as easily removed when required.
Where the locking holes are formed in the heads of the bolts or screws, it will
be found of advantage to drill out or cup the head before drilling the holes, as I
have found that the drills are less likely to break if the head be hollow, otherwise
in drilling holes in the same plane from different sides through a solid head, the
drill when half way through meets a crossing bore and is very liable to be broken.
As the locking holes in the bolt heads may be utilised as a means of turning the
bolts, it will be understood that round headed bolts may be used in cases where
the bolts are the turning members.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The improvement in locking devices for bolts, nuts, manhole doors, connect-
ing rods and the like, which consists in providing the bolt heads or nuts with
lateral holes and inserting in or through said lioles a suitable wire or pin in such
a way as to lock together two or more bolts or nuts and thereby prevent them turn-
ing substantially as herein before described.
2. The combined arrangement of parts forming the improved means for locking
or fastening manhole covers and the like constructed and operating as a whole
substantially as described with reference to Fig. 5 or Fig. 6 of the accompanying
drawings.
3. The combined arrangement of parts forming the improved means for lock-
ing or fastening the ends of connecting rods and the like, constructed and opera-
ting as a whole substantially as described with reference to Fig. 7 or Fig. 8 of the
accompanying drawings.
4. In a locking device such as described, forming the locking pin with spring
extended ends to allow of the pin being placed between two adjacent nuts or bolt
heads so as to snap with its ends in the locking holes provided therein, substan-
tially as described.
5. In a locking device such as described, providing the screwed ends of the bolts
with a kerf as a means of turning and removing them should they be acciden-

page_text: tally broken off in the stationary nuts or tapped holes which receive them, sub-
stantially as described.
6. In a locking device such as described, forming the bolts or screws with hollow
heads to avoid the breaking of drills when drilling lateral locking holes there-
through from different sides in the same plane, substantially as described.
Dated this 18th day of January 1900.
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Patent Agents, of Liverpool, Mancliester, Birmingham & London.