IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING FATTY MATTERS PRIOR TO THEIR BEING MANUFACTURED INTO CANDLES AND MORTARS, WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO OILS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Felix Lieven Bauwens, of Croydon, in the
County of Surrey, Chemist and Manufacturer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING FATTY MATTERS PRIOR TO THEIR BEING
MANUFACTURED INTO CANDLES AND MORTARS, WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE
TO OILS."
Sealed the 18th January 1858, and dated the 23rd October 1852.
his
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Felix Lieven
Bauwens at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
Petition, on the 23rd October 1852.
I, FELIX LIEVEN BAUWENS, of Croydon, in the County of Surrey,
Chemist and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING FATTY MATTERS PRIOR TO
THEIR BEING MANUFACTURED INTO CANDLES AND MORTARS, WHICH ARE ALSO
APPLICABLE TO OILS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in manufacturing sanitary and anti-choleric
candles and mortars, and in rendering oils for burning and lubricating
machinery also sanitary.

page_text: For these purposes I mix with the fatty matters, preparatory to their
being poured into moulds, or to their being used for the manufacture
of "dip" candles, purified camphor, or any other like sanitary sub-
stance. The effect will be, that while burning they will exhale a sanitary
vapour, and even before being burnt will tend to purify the atmosphere
of the apartment in which they may be placed.
I add the like sanitary substance to oils and grease, whether
intended for burning or for lubricating machinery. And in order to
distinguish my candles, mortars, and oils from those of other manufac-
turers, I intend to give them any color that may be found convenient;
but I do not wish to bind myself always to produce them colored, as
some parties might object to use them so colored.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Felix Lieven Bauwens in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 23rd April 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, 1,
FELIX LIEVEN BAUWENS, of Croydon, in the County of Surrey, Chemist
and Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, hearing date the Twenty-third day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the six-
teenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Felix Lieven Bauwens, Her special
licence that I, the said Felix Lieven Bauwens, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the said Felix Lieven Bauwens,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with.
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Treland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN TREATING FATTY MATTERS PRIOR TO THEIR BEING
MANUFACTURED INTO CANDLES AND MORTARS, WHICH ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO

page_text: OILS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Felix Lieven
Bauwens, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said Felix Lieven Bauwens, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:
My Invention consists in manufacturing sanitary candles and
mortars, in rendering oils for burning and lubricating machinery also
sanitary, and in coloring such candles, mortars, and oils.
To every one hundred pounds of grease or other material for the
manufacture of candles used to produce candles and night lights, called
mortars, when in a melted state and ready to be cast into moulds, or in
a fit state for the manufacture of "dips," I add from one quarter of a
pound to one pound of purified camphor, and I keep the whole in a
heated state until the stuff shall have absorbed as much of the camphor
as may be. The candles are then to be finished in the usual way.
Candles and mortars thus produced will exhale a camphorated vapour
while burning, and even before being burnt will tend to purify the
atmosphere of the apartment in which they may be placed.
I treat oils, whether for burning or for lubricating machinery, in a
similar manner, and that either in a heated or cold state, preferring,
however, to add the camphor while the oils are heated, as absorption
will the more readily take place.
In order to distinguish the more prominently candles, grease, and oils
prepared according to my above described sanitary process, I sometimes
color them by adding to them, when in a liquid state, some vegetable
coloring matter. For instance, to produce a pink colored candle or
mortar, to every one hundred pounds of grease or other material for
the manufacture of candles I add one ounce of alkanet roots, more
or less.

page_text: And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,—
The manufacture of sanitary candles and mortars, whether colored or
not, also the rendering of oils and greases sanitary, by the means
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Felix Lieven Bauwens, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-first day of April,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
F. L. BAUWENS. (L.s.)