IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James McHardy of Dollar in the County of Clackmannan,
North Britain, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James McHardy at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th October 1883.
JAMES MOHARDY of Dollar in the County of Clackmannan North Britain
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES, PART OR PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE
FOR OTHER PURPOSES,"
This Invention relates to Improvements in Sewing Machines, part or parts of
which are applicable for other purposes and it consists in the first place in
mechanism for enabling the bobbins or spools of sewing machines when empty to be
rewound or refilled with thread without the necessity of removing the said spools
or bobbins from the shuttles.
This object is effected by causing the bobbins to rotate within the shuttles or
the shuttles to rotate around the bobbins.-For this purpose the spools or bobbins
may be made with a long journal or bearing projecting through one end of the
shuttle and so shaped that the bearing can be coupled to a rapidly rotating shaft
whereby the bobbin is revolved whilst the shuttle remains stationary or vice versa,
the bobbin may be held stationary by a fixed coupling, whilst the shuttle is rotated
by any suitable rotatory gearing.-In either case the thread to be wound on the
bobbin may be guided by a finger or traveller or by the mechanism hereinafter
described, to ensure its being evenly laid thereon, and in order to wind the thread
on the bobbins of existing shuttles which do not admit of one of the bearings of
the bobbin or spool passing through the end of the shuttle, the bobbin is in such
case rotated within the shuttle by frictional gearing.
Another improvement in the construction of the shuttle consists in dispensing
with the ordinary drag holes which pass through the walls of the shuttle and
substituting therefor a slot which may be at either side of the shuttle and of a
quadrantal form, the thread being led from the slot, to and through one or more
ID 1021

page_text: drag holes distinguished from those ordinarily in use by not passing through the
walls of the shuttle but passing through holes which are confined to the exterior of
the shuttle.
Another part of this Invention consists in substituting for the ordinary driving
wheel of the machine, a spring attachment for storing power by means of which
the said machine is driven and which is, or may be arranged to run for any
known length of time.-This spring attachment is supported upon a shaft carried
and rotating in bearings situated at the lower part of the framing on which the
machine carried and consists of a cylinder through which the aforesaid shaft passes
and upon which the cylinder is carried loosely in any suitable manner.-To the
interior of this cylinder one end of a spiral or other equivalent spring is attached,
the other end being attached to the shaft.-Around the outside of this cylinder
there is provided the mechanism for operating it which may consist of a treadle
and clutch device of any suitable construction or it may be so formed as to allow
of the said cylinder being rotated or wound up to any number of revolutions by
hand or by any other equivalent means, such for example as clock work.―Upon
the aforesaid shaft there is carried a "sprocket" wheel or its equivalent and around
this wheel a chain or band is carried, this band being passed at its upper part
around the driving pulley of the machine or around an intermediate pulley for
transmitting the motion to the said machine.-For equalizing the speed of the
cylinder after having been wound up, and released, a "fuse or equivalent
attachment may be applied; the machine is provided with starting and stopping
gear.
"
In place of mounting the said driving appartus upon the shaft at the loose part
of the framing as herein before described it may be mounted upon the driving shaft
proper in which case all intermediate gearing for communicating motion from
the lower shaft to the driving shaft of the machine is dispensed with.
By employing clutches and brakes to operate the driving shaft I may dispense
with the use of springs or winding drums or cylinders by causing said clutches
or brakes or a ratchet device to operate directly upon the driving shaft.
As another alternative I may dispense with the ordinary driving shaft and
apply the aforesaid driving gear directly to a main shaft or cam shaft at the upper
or other suitable part of the sewing machine.
The driving mechanism aforementioned is also applicable to machines other than
sewing machines such for example as bicycles, tricycles or other analogous
machines.
For guiding the cotton or thread upon the shuttle bobbin when the same is being
wound or for other analogous purposes, a cam wheel is mounted in front of the
bobbin, that is to say, in the position in which it is held within the winder.-
Upon the periphery of this cam there is formed an endless groove running diagonally
across the said cam, the horizontal distance between the extreme points of this
groove being equal to the distance which the thread being wound has to travel
from one end to the other of the bobbin; so that in every revolution the thread
passing over the cam at the groove is carried by it into the position. required
according to the gradual travel of the same on the bobbin-The necessary motion
may be imparted to the cam wheel from the winder by means of toothed or by
any other suitable form of gearing; or it may be geared with the shuttle
containing the bobbin when it is used as hereinbefore mentioned in winding the
thread on the bobbin.
As an alternative for the winding arrangement I employ a lever which is caused to
oscillate over or in front of the spool by means of a skew grooved cam or a cam
having a skew projection thereon; or the equivalent of such cam may be used for
driving the lever.-The lever has a hole or slit formed in it through which the thread
passes as it is laid on to the spool.-The lever may either be mounted upon a pivot
or centre or be vibrated as a spring.
A stop is provided which acting automatically by means of a spring or its
equivalent upon the brake hereinafter described prevents unwinding of the spool.

page_text: Another part of this Invention relates to the means for setting the needle in
the needle bar of the machine.-The needle bar under these present improvements
is constructed so that the needle when placed in the said bar comes against a stop
situated at the required distance up the needle bar so that when the needle is
pressed up into the same it is in the required position for tightening up; or the
needle may have formed upon it a collar which comes against the lower end of the
holder when pressed into place.-These improvements obviate the necessity of
adjusting the position of the needle as is at present ordinarily required.
Another method of holding the needles in the needle bar consists of splitting
the end of the needle bar into two or more parts and on the outside of these parts
a cone is formed upon which a correspondingly shaped collar is forced down and
draws the parts tightly around the needle in its act of holding the same.-For
releasing the needle the aforesaid collar is raised and thereby the dividing parts of
the needle bar spring outwards and thus leave the needle free to fall from the
holder. A atop may also be fitted to this form of holder, so as to obviate the
necessity of adjustment.
Under an alternative method of holding the needles in the needle bar of sewing
machines I dispense with the collar formed on the needle and substitute therefor
any equivalent stop.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said James M.Hardy in the Patent Office on the 10th April 1884.
JAMES MOHARDY of Dollar, in the County of Clackmannan North Britain
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES PART OB PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE
FOR OTHER PURPOSES
"
My said Invention relates to Improvements in Sewing machines, part or parts
of which are applicable for other purposes and it consists in the first place, in
mechanism for enabling the bobbins or spools of sewing machines when empty to
be rewound or refilled with thread without the necessity of removing the said
spools or bobbins from the shuttles.
This object is effected by causing the bobbins to rotate within the shuttles or the
shuttles to rotate around the bobbins. For this purpose the spools or bobbins may
be made with a long journal or bearing projecting through one end of the shutle
and so shaped that the bearing can be coupled to a rapidly rotating shaft whereby
the bobbin is revolved whilst the shuttle remains stationary or vice versa, the
bobbin may be held stationary by a fixed coupling, whilst the shuttle is rotated by
any suitable rotatory gearing.-In either case the thread to be wound on the
bobbin may be guided by a finger or traveller or by the mechanism hereinafter
described to ensure its being evenly laid thereon, and in order to wind the thread
on the bobbins of existing shuttles which do not admit of one of the bearings of
the bobbin or spool passing through the end of the shuttle, the bobbin is in such
case rotated within the shuttle by frictional gearing.
Another improvement in the construction of the shuttle consists in dispensing
with the ordinary drag holes which pass through one of the sides or walls of the
shuttle and substituting therefor a slot which may be at either side of the shuttle
and of a quadrantal form, the thread being worked off the spool directly through
the slot or it may be passed through one or more drag holes distinguished from
those ordinarily in use by not passing through the walls of the shuttle but formed
in or under the surface thereof.
Another part of this Invention consists in substituting for the ordinary driving
wheel of the machine, a spring attachment for storing power by means of which
the said machine is driven and which is, or may be arranged to run for any given
length of time. This spring attachment is supported upon a shaft carried and
rotating in bearings situated at the lower part of the framing on which the machine
is carried and may consist of a cylinder through which the aforesaid shaft passes
and upon which shaft the cylinder is carried loosely, or the said cylinder may be
dispensed with.-To the interior of this cylinder when such is used one end of a
spiral or other equivalent spring is attached, the other end being attached to the
shaft. Around the outside of this cylinder there is provided the mechanism for
operating it which may consist of a treadle and clutch device of any suitable
construction or it may be so formed as to allow of the said cylinder being rotated
or wound up to any number of revolutions by hand or by any other equivalent
means, such for example as clockwork.-When the said cylinder is not used the end
of the spring is attached to the clutch mechanism.-Upon the aforesaid shaft there
is, or may be carried a sprocket wheel or its equivalent and around this wheel a
chain or band is carried this band being passed at its upper part around the driving
pulley of the machine or around an intermediate pulley for transmitting the motion
to the said machine.-For equalizing the speed of the cylinder after having been
wound up and released, a "fusee"
or equivalent attachment may be applied; the
machine is provided with starting and stopping gear.

page_text: In place of mounting the said driving apparatus upon the shaft at the lower part
of the framing as herein before described, it may be mounted upon the driving shaft
proper, in which case all intermediate gearing for communicating motion from the
lower shaft to the driving shaft of the machine is dispensed with.
By employing clutches and brakes to operate the driving shaft I may dispense
with the use of springs or winding drums or cylinders by causing said clutches or
brakes or a ratchet device to operate directly upon the driving shaft.
As another alternative I may dispense with the ordinary driving shaft and apply
the aforesaid driving gear directly to a main shaft or cam shaft at the upper
or other suitable part of the sewing machine.
The driving mechanism aforementioned is also applicable to machines other
than sewing machines such for example as bicycles, tricycles or other analogous
machines.
For guiding the cotton or thread upon the shuttle bobbin when the same is being
wound or for other analogous purposes, a cam wheel is mounted in front of the
bobbin, that is to say, in the position in which it is held within the winder.-Upon
the periphery of this cam there is formed an endless groove running diagonally
across the said cam the horizontal distance between the extreme points of this
groove being equal to the distance which the thread being wound has to travel
from one end to the other of the bobbin; so that in every revolution the thread
passing over the cam at the groove is carried by it into the position required
according to the gradual travel of the same on the bobbin.-The necessary motion
may be imparted to the cam wheel from the winder by means of toothed or by any
other suitable form of gearing; or it may be geared with the shuttle containing
the bobbin when it is used as hereinbefore mentioned in winding the thread on the
bobbin.
As an alternative for the winding arrangement I employ a lever which is caused
to oscillate over or in front of the spool by means of a skew grooved cam or a cam
having a skew projection thereon; or the equivalent of such cam may be used for
driving the lever.-The lever has a hole or slit formed in it through which the
thread passes as it is laid on to the spool.-The lever may either be mounted upon
a pivot or centre or be vibrated as a spring.
stop is provided which, acting automatically by means of a spring or its
equivalent upon the brake hereinafter described, arrests the motion of the winding
mechanism.
Another part of this Invention relates to the means for setting the needle in the
needle bar of the machine.-The needle bar under these present improvements is
constructed so that the needle when placed in the said bar comes against a stop
situated at the required distance up the needle bar so that when the needle is
pressed up into the same it is in the required position for tightening up; or the
needle may have formed upon it a collar which comes against the lower end of the
holder when pressed into place.-These improvements obviate the necessity of
adjusting the position of the needle as is at present ordinarily required.
Another method of holding the needle in the needle bar consists of splitting the
end of the needle bar into two or more parts and on the outside of these parts a
cone is formed upon which a correspondingly shaped collar is forced down and
draws the parts tightly around the needle in its act of holding the same.-For
releasing the needle the aforesaid collar is raised and thereby the divided parts of
the needle bar spring outwards and thus leave the needle free to fall from the
holder. A stop may also be fitted to this form of holder so as to obviate the
necessity of adjustment.
Under an alternative method of holding the needle in the needle bar of sewing
machines I dispense with the collar formed on the needle and substitute therefor
any equivalent stop.
And in order that my said Invention may be properly understood I now
proceed more particularly to set forth the system, mode or manner in or under
which the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, reference being

page_text: had to the accompanying Drawings and to the Letters and Figures marked thereon
that is to say:-
In carrying out the first part of my present Invention as represented at
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, of the accompanying Drawings respectively in front
elevation, plan, back elevation and end elevation, I construct the spool or bobbin a,
with a long journal or bearing as represented in dotted lines at b, and so shaped
that the said bearing can be coupled to a rapidly rotating shaft, hereinafter
described, whereby the bobbin a, is revolved whilst the shuttle c, remains
stationary; or vice versa, the bobbin a, may be held stationary by a fixed
coupling, whilst the shuttle c is rotated around it by any suitable rotatory
gearing. In either case the thread to be wound on the bobbin a, may be guided
by a finger or traveller or by the mechanism hereinafter described to ensure its
being evenly laid thereon.-In order to wind the thread on the bobbins of existing
shuttles which do not admit of one of the bearings of the spool or bobbin, passing
through the end of the shuttle c, the bobbin, is in such case rotated within the
shuttle by frictional gearing, the friction wheel for driving the spool being caused
to bear with the requisite pressure upon one of the flanges 2 at one of the ends
thereof. In the example represented at Figures 1, to 4, (inclusive) the elongated
bearing b, is tapered off at its end so as to enter the recessed end of the rotating
shaft hereinafter described.
Another improvement in the construction of the shuttle c, consists in dispensing
with the drag holes which, in the ordinary construction of shuttles, pass through
the walls of the same, and substituting therefor, the slot d, which may be at either
side of the shuttle c, and of a quadrantal form as represented more particularly at
Figure 1, the thread being worked from the spool direct through the said slot d, or
it may after passing through the slot d be led through one or more drag holes e,
distinguished from those ordinarily in use, by not passing through the wall of the
shuttle c, but formed in or under the surface thereof c.
As regards this part of my Invention what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim is.
First The bobbin or spool a provided with the elongated journal or bearing b,
projecting through the end of the shuttle c, substantially as and for the purposes
herein before described with reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, of the accompanying
Drawings.
Second-The drag holes e, in or on the wall of the shuttle c, and also the
quadrantal slot d, formed through the wall of the shuttle c, used either alone or
in combination substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described with
reference to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the accompanying Drawings.
The second part of my present Invention, as aforesaid, consists of a spring
attachment for storing power by means of which the said machine is driven and
which is or may be arranged to run for a given length of time
In carrying out this part of my Invention as represented at Figure 5, in part
front elevation and at Figures 6, and 7, in transverse sections I provide the spiral
spring, supported on the shaft g, which rotates in bearings situated at the lower
part of the framing on which the machine is carried. This shaft g, has secured
thereon the driving wheel h, of the machine and to which one end of the spring f,
is secured in any suitable manner the other or opposite end of the spring f, is
secured within the couplings, which are rigidly carried by the clutch device now
to be described. This clutch device is capable of rotation around the shaft g, that
is to say, it is carried loosely on the said shaft and is composed of two parts each
consisting of the pulleys i, and j, respectively for operating this clutch mechanism
quicker or slower.
These pulleys i, and j, have their bearings upon and are capable of rotating
around the inner cylinder or cylindrical portion k, which is also capable of rotation
around the shaft g, as hereinbefore mentioned.-To the inner faces of the pulleys j,
there are pivoted the arms l, connected at their outer ends to the levers m, which
are connected to the two ends of the bands n, encircling the cylindrical portion k.—

page_text: These two parts of the clutch mechanism are arranged to operate in opposite
directions, the cords o, or their equivalents being secured to the pulleys i, or j, and
to the treadle p, in such manner as to rotate one or other of the before mentioned
two parts of the clutch device at each stroke of the said treadle p, the bands n,
running freely around the cylindrical part k, in one direction and gripping and
carrying round the said part k, when running in the opposite direction
The spring q, may be provided to assist the lever m, and band n, to which it is
attached in disengaging in their backward stroke, with the part k.-The springar, may
be further provided for assisting the bands n, in disengaging from the part k, when
such part is being operated by the 1 latively opposite part of the clutch mechanism.
It is obvious that, supposing the driving pulley h, to be retained in one position,
any rotation of the inner cylindrical portion k, winds up the spring f, and stores
power therein, which may be transmitted upon the release of the said driving wheel
to any machine to which this mechanism is attached. In the application of this
mechanism to a sewing machine the driving band of the machine passing over the
driving pulley of such machine is also passed around the pulley h, and such pulley
is retained in position while the spring f, is being wound up by means of a stop
bearing against and checking the motion of the said machine, as hereinafter more
fully described. For equalizing the speed of the driving pulley h, after the
spring has been wound up and released, I may provide any suitable form of
"fusee" or governor attachment, such for example as a Watt's governor. In place
of mounting the before mentioned driving apparatus upon the shaft g, it may be
mounted upon the main or cam shaft of a sewing machine, in which case the said
shaft, may be lengthened out and all intermediate gearing for communicating
motion from the lower shaft g, to the cam shaft, dispensed with.
As regards this part of my Invention, what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim is :-
The means for storing power in sewing or other machines consisting of the
spring f, pulleys i, and j, cylindrical portion k, bands n, cords o, and springs r, and
their attachments, all substantially as bereinbefore described with reference to
Figures 5, 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings or the mechanical equivalents
of all or any of the said parts operating as hereinbefore described.
The mechanism represented at Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11 respectively in side
elevation, front elevation, in elevation of side opposite to that of Figure 8, and in
plan and on an enlarged scale at Figures 15 and 16, is that which I have con-
structed for guiding the cotton or thread upon the shuttle bobbin a, when the
same is being wound or for other analogous purposes, and consists of the friction
wheel t, which, when in position for operation, as represented at Figures 15 and 16,
bears against and is rotated by the wheel u. The shaft v, to which the Baid
wheel t, is attached, has its bearings in the framing w, and has also rigidly attached
thereto the cone pulleys x, and toothed wheel y. This toothed wheel y, gears into the
toothed pinion z, which is carried on a short shaft having its bearing in the
framing w, and on whose opposite end the clutch or chuck a¹, is formed for the
reception of the tapered end of the elongated bearing 6 (Figures 1 to 4) and by
means of which it is rapidly rotated. At the lower part of the framing w, and
havings its bearings therein, there is provided the shaft b₁, carrying at its one end
the cone pulleys c¹, operated from the before mentioned pulley x.
Upon this
shaft b, the cam h³, is secured, and around which the end of the lever ď, is
formed. This lever d¹, is provided with the eye e¹, and is also forked at its end, as
represented at Figure 11. The spring f¹, which is secured to the framing w, is
provided for the purpose of holding the shuttle c, in position while the bobbin a,
is being wound with cotton or thread, and has an eye formed therein for the
purpose of passing over the front or pointed end of the said shuttle, the back end
of the shuttle being pressed by it into the receptacle g¹, fixed rigidly to the
framing w. In order to automatically stop this winding mechanism last described,
when the bobbin a, has been filled, I provide the shaft h¹, carried by the
framing w, and upon this shaft. h³, I provide the spiral spring i¹, one end of
.

page_text: which is secured to the framing w, and the other to the lever j', which
is secured to the shaft h'. This lever j', is provided with the holes k¹, to the
outermost one of which the link l, is pivoted, and which at its opposite end is
provided with the plate m¹, carrying the roller n¹; and it is further provided with
the long hook o¹, the lower end of which, when in operation, is passed under the
outer end of the lever p¹, of the stop now to be described and represented on the
accompanying Drawings at Figures 12, 13 and 14 respectively in side elevation,
end elevation and in plan. This stop consists of the lever p¹, pivoted at q', and
provided at its inner end with the transverse bar r¹. The wire loop 8¹, passes
through the outer end of the lever p₁, and is pivoted at its two ends t¹, to the
roller u', which is pivoted eccentrically in the supports v'. This roller u¹, is
encircled by the band w¹, of India rubber or its equivalent. The spring x1, bears
against the underside of the roller u³, and always tends to throw the said
roller u¹, into the position in which it is represented in dotted lines at Figure 16.
The centres of this stop device are so arranged that the roller u¹, after being
brought into the position shewn at Figure 12, will remain in such position until
the lever p¹, is lifted at its, outer end. The relative positions of the winding and
stopping mechanism as applied to sewing machines is shewn on an enlarged scale
at Figures 15 and 16 respectively in front elevation and end elevation.
When
a bobbin is to be filled with cotton or thread, the shuttle is placed in the
winder as hereinbefore described, and the said cotton or thread is passed through
the eye e¹, and the forked part of the lever d, and then into the shuttle c, through
the longitudinal slot y', (shewn more particularly at Figure 1) and secured to the
said bobbin a. The roller n¹, and with it the lever, is then drawn over in the
direction opposite to that of the direction of the pressure of the spring i¹, and the
said roller is placed within the shuttle c, the hook o¹, being at the same time placed
under the outer end of the lever p¹. The machine wheel u, then either by stored
power (as hereinbefore described) or newly applied power, is rotated and thus the
bobbin a, is rotated within the shuttle c, the cotton or thread being evenly laid
thereon by means of the lever d', which receives its guiding motion from the cam h².
This rotation continues until such time as the bobbin becomes filled with cotton or
thread when the roller n¹, is thrown out of the shuttle c; thus released, the
spring, throws back the lever j¹, and raises the hook o¹, and thereby the outer
end of the lever p³, is raised, the roller u¹, being instantaneously thrown against
the wheel u, and thereby stopping its rotation.
As regards this part of my Invention what I consider to be novel and original
and therefore claim is:
First. The mechanism for guiding the cotton or thread upon the shuttle bobbin
when the same is being wound or for other analogous purposes, the said mechanism
consisting of the friction wheel t, shafts v, b¹ and h¹, cone pulleys and c¹, gear
wheels y, and z, clutch or chuck a¹, cam h³, levers d' and ', springs f', and i¹,
receptacle g¹, roller m³, hook o¹, and their attachments, as herein before described
with reference to Figures 8, 9, 10, 15 and 16 or the mechanical equivalents of all
or any of the said parts operating substantially as set forth.
Second. The stop shewn at Figures 12, 13, and 14 of the annexed drawings and
operating substantially as hereinbefore described or the mechanical equivalent
thereof.
Third. The mechanism claimed in the last but one preceding claiming clause in
combination with the automatic stop substantially as and for the purposes herein-
before set forth with reference to Figures 12 to 16 (inclusive) of the accompanying
Drawings.
The last part of my present Invention relates to the means for setting the
needle in the needle bar of sewing machines.
In carrying out this part of my Invention I may construct the needle bar a³,
Figures 17, 18 and 19, so that the needle, when placed in the said bar, comes
against a stop situated at the necessary distance up the needle bar, so that, when
the needle is pressed up into the same, it is in the required position for being

page_text: tightened up; or the needle may have formed upon it a collar which abuts against
the lower end of the holder when pressed into position.
Another method of holding the needle in the needle bar consists of splitting.the
end of the needle bar a², into two or more parts, and on the outside of these parts
a cone is formed, upon which a correspondingly shaped collar is forced down and
draws the parts tightly around the needle in its act of holding the same.
A stop
may also be fitted to this form of holder, so as to obviate the necessity of
adjustment
At Figures 17, 18 and 19, I have represented respectively in front elevation, side
elevation, and in section, one arrangement that may be used for holding the
needle 6, within the needle bar a². In this arrangement the needle 63, has formed
upon it at its upper part the enlargement c², which is slightly tapered on its front
side. The enlargement c³, fits into a recess formed in the needle bar a', and the
pin d', which is formed on the back of the enlargement c³, fits into the hole e³, in
the needle bar. When the needle is placed in position the collar f³, being at the
time raised for that purpose, the said collar f', is drawn down upon the tapered
side of the enlargement c³, and thus presses the needle firmly into position. The
pin g³, is provided to prevent the collar f, from dropping off when the needle 6*, is
removed. Instead of enlarging the upper part of the needle it may be the same
size throughout and the upper end bent to an angle to take into a corresponding
hole or recess in the needle bar
As regards this last part of my Invention what I consider to be novel and
original and therefore claim is :—
The means for setting and holding needles in the needle bars of sewing machines
substantially as herein before described and also as shewn at Figures 17, 18 and 19
of the accompanying Drawings.
In Witness Whereof I the said James McHardy have hereunto set my hand and
Seal this ninth day of April in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and eighty-four.