IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CONTINUOUS WROUGHT-IRON FENCING, HURDLES, AND GATES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Bayliss, the younger, of the Firm of
Bayliss, Jones, and Bayliss, of Wolverhampton, and Gracechurch Street,
London, Iron Hurdle and Fencing Manufacturers, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CONTINUOUS WROUGHT-IRON
FENCING, HURDLES, AND GATES."
Sealed the 26th November 1866, and dated the 29th May 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Bayliss at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th May 1866.
I, WILLIAM BAYLISS, the younger, of the Firm of Bayliss, Jones, and
Bayliss, of Wolverhampton, and Gracechurch Street, London, Iron Hurdle
and Fencing Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CONTINUOUS WROUGHT-IRON
FENCING, HURDLES, AND GATES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
wrought-iron continuous bar fencing, hurdles, and gates, and consists of an
improved mode or method of securing the horizontal bars to the uprights or
standards.

page_text: In carrying out my said Invention in practice I punch a series of slots in
the standards, the length of such slots corresponding to the width of the
horizontal bars. In the intermediate standards I form a tongue or projection
on one side of these slots, and in the joining standards I prefer to make a
tongue or projection on both sides of the said slots.
In the horizontal bars which are inserted into or passed through the slots
above mentioned I punch holes corresponding to (but in preference rather
wider than) the tongues or projections in the slots, and I secure the bars in
their places in the intermediate standards by driving a wedge, key, or pin
between the side of the bar and that side of the slot which is made plain or
has no projection or tongue therein. In the case of the joining standards the
two ends of the adjoining bars each engage with a projection or tongue made
on each side of the slot, and the bars are secured by driving a wedge, key, or
pin between them; or, if preferred, one tongue or projection only may be made
in the slots in the joining standards, and a wedge, key, or pin driven in
between one of the bars and the opposite side of the slot to that which
contains the tongue or projection. In all cases the slots in the joining
standards should be wide enough to receive the two thicknesses of bars and
the tightening wedge, key, or pin.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Bayliss in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
29th November 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
BAYLISS, the younger, of the Firm of Bayliss, Jones, and Bayliss, of Wolver-
hampton, and Gracechurch Street, London, Iron Hurdle and Fencing
Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Bayliss, the younger, Her special license that I, the
said William Bayliss, the younger, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said William Bayliss, the younger, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within

page_text: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
CONTINUOUS WROUGHT-IRON FENCING, HURDLES, AND GATES," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said William Bayliss, the younger, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Bayliss, the younger, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention; and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
My said Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
wrought-iron continuous bar fencing, flat bar railing, hurdles, and gates,
whether constructed with flat or round bars, and consists of an improved
mode or method of securing the horizontal bars to the uprights or standards.
In carrying out my said Invention I punch a series of slots in the standards,
the length of such slots corresponding to the width of the horizontal bars when
flat bars are used. In the intermediate standards I form a tongue or projec-
tion on one side of these slots, and in the joining standards I prefer to make
a tongue or projection on both sides of the said slots.
In the horizontal bars which are inserted into or passed through the slots
above mentioned I punch holes or recesses corresponding to (but in preference"
rather wider than) the tongues or projections in the slots, and I secure the
bars in their places in the intermediate standards by driving a wedge, key, or
pin between the side of the bar and that side of the slot which is made plain
or has no projection or tongue therein. In the case of the joining standards
the two ends of the adjoining bars each engage with a projection or tongue
made on each side of the slot, and the bars are secured by driving a wedge,
key, or pin between them; or, if preferred, one tongue or projection only may
be made in the slots in the joining standards, and a wedge, key, or pin
driven in between one of the bars and the opposite side of the slot to that
which contains the tongue or projection. In all cases where flat bars are
used the slots in tho joining standards should be wide enough to receive the
two thicknesses of bars and the tightening wedge, key, or pin.
When round bars are employed the hole in the standard will also be

page_text: round, but provided with a tongue or projection fitting into a recess in the
round horizontal bar.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now
proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that purpose I shall
refer to the Sheet of Drawings hereunto annexed, the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Figure 1 of my Drawings represents an elevation of a continuous wrought-
iron flat bar fence constructed according to my Invention.
Figures 2 to 8 inclusive are full-sized details of the same which I shall
herein-after fully describe and refer to.
A, A, are the wrought-iron uprights or standards which may be secured
into the ground in the manner shown or in any other convenient way; and
B, B, are the horizontal wrought-iron bars which are secured to the standards
in the manner herein-after fully described with reference to the detail Figures
of my Drawings.
In each of the intermediate standards A I punch or otherwise form a series
of oblong holes a, as shewn in the detail perspective view Figure 2, the
distances between such holes depending on the intervals or spaces to be left
between the horizontal bars B of the fence, gate, or hurdle. On one side of
the hole a I leave a tongue or projection in the metal, which when the
horizontal bar B is inserted enters into a corresponding hole or recess c in
such bar (see Figure 3), and in order to keep the bar B engaged with the
tongue or projection 6 and to tighten it in its place I drive in a wedge d
(Figure 4) between the side of the bar B and the opposite side of the hole a
to that in which the tongue or projection 6 is formed, as shown in Figure 1,
but more clearly in Figure 5.
Figure 6 represents the end of one of the horizontal bars B which is
cranked or bent as shewn at e, f, in order to allow of the adjoining end of the
next bar lying in a direct line with the first, as will be readily understood on
referring to Figures 1 and 7. It is not, however, essential to my Invention
that either of the ends of the bars B be bent as described, although I prefer
so to construct them as they thereby present a neater appearance when put
together.
Figure 8 represents a perspective view of a portion of one of the joint
standards or uprights A' shewing the joint hole g therein, such hole having by
preference an internal tongue or projection h, h, left on both sides thereof
which respectively fit into corresponding holes or recesses i (Figure 6) made
in the bars B near the ends thereof, so that both the adjoining ends of such

page_text: bars may be locked into the standard A' by driving a wedge k, shown clearly
in Figure 7, between the two bars B. The holes 9 in the joint standards
should of course be made sufficiently wide to admit of two thicknesses of the
bars B being inserted as well as the tightening wedge. If desired, one of the
two tongues or projections in the joint holes g may be dispensed with and
the wedge driven in between one of the bars B and the opposite side of the
slot or hole g to that which contains the tongue h. It is obvious that this
mode of uniting and securing together the standards or uprights and hori-
zontal bars is equally applicable to hurdles and gates and all kinds of railing
having flat or round bars, Figures 9, 10, and 11 shewing its application when
round bars are used.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried
into effect, I would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel
and original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,-
First, the general construction of continuous flat or round bar wrought-iron
fencing, railing, hurdles, and gates, substantially as herein-before described.
Second, the peculiar system or mode of securing the horizontal bars of
continuous wrought-iron fences, hurdles, railing, and gates to the uprights or
standards as herein-before described.
Third, the combination of the slots or holes a, g, internal tongues or
projections 6, h, holes or recesses c, i, and. wedges, keys, or pins d, k,
substantially as and for the purpose herein-before described and illustrated
by my Drawings.
In witness whereof,. I, the said William Bayliss, the younger, have to this
my Specification set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of
November, One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
WILLIAM BAYLISS, THE YOUNGER. (L.S.)