IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAY WHEELS
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Alexander Jeffreys, of the Low Moor
Iron Works, near Bradford, in the County of York, Civil Engineer,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAY
WHEELS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Alexander
Jeffreys at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 9th March 1875.
I, EDWARD ALEXANDER JEFFREYS, of the Low Moor Iron Works,
near Bradford, in the County of York, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAY WHEELS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of railway
wheels, and consists, firstly, of a combination of a ring shoc, on the inner
periphery of which segmental or divisional pieces of wood are caused to
bear, and to a side flange of which the wood is bolted in any suitable
manner. The face of the wood on the opposite side bears against a ring.
I

page_text: plate through which the bolts also pass to hold the wood firmly between
the shoe flange and the ring plate. The flange face on the outer side is
grooved or channelled for a square ring lip on that side of the tire to take
into the opposite side, having a projecting ring lip that can be hammered
into contact with the outer face of the ring plate, the outer periphery of
which has an inner square shaped lip to take into a channel or groove
the corresponding face of the tire, the hammering of the ring lip taking
place after the ring plate is in position or when tireing up.
in
The second part of my Invention consists in the employment of a
flanged ring shoe between the tire and the wood of what is known as the
wooden wheel, whether the ring plate before referred to be used in com-
bination or not.
The third part of my Invention relates especially to what are known
as iron wheels, and consists in uniting the tire to the rim by a square
inner lip taking over a projecting lip on the rim on one side, and by a
ring gutter plate on the opposite side, one flange or projection of the ring
gutter plate being square to take into a corresponding groove in the tire,
and the other flange with an angle face taking into a corresponding channel
on the rim, the angle face being hammered into position to bend the outer
periphery of the rim into close contact with the inner periphery of the
tire, the projecting lip of the tire, as in the first method, being afterwards
hammered down into close contact with the outer face of the gutter ring
plate to hold it in position.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edward Alexander Jeffreys in the Great Seal Patent 2
Office on the 9th September 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
ALEXANDER JEFFREYS, of the Low Moor Iron Works, near Bradford, in
the County of York, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-

page_text: cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Edward Alexander Jeffreys, Her
special licence that I, the said Edward Alexander Jeffreys, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edward
Alexander Jeffreys, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF RAILWAY WHEELS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edward Alexander
Jeffreys, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Alexander Jeffreys, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of railway
wheels, and consists, firstly, of a combination of a ring shoe, on the inner
periphery of which segmental or divisional pieces of wood are caused to
bear, and to a side flange of which the wood is bolted in any suitable
manner. The face of the wood on the opposite side bears against a ring.
plate through which the bolts also pass to hold the wood firmly between
the shoe flange and the ring plate. The flange face on the outer side is
grooved or channelled for a square ring lip on that side of the tire to
take into the opposite side, having a projecting ring lip that can be
hammered into contact with the outer face of the ring plate, the outer
periphery of which has an inner square shaped lip to take into a channel
or groove in the corresponding face of the tire, the hammering of the
ring lip taking place after the ring plate is in position or when
tircing up.
This first part of my Invention with some modifications thereof is
clearly represented in the annexed Drawings, in which Figure 1 shows a
portion of a railway wheel. A is the ring shoe; B, the flange of same

page_text: on the outer side of wheel; C is the ring plate on inner side of wheel
and D is the bolt passed through the flange B, the ring plate C, and the
wood E, the wood being arranged in segments
"
"end on
between tho
tire and the nave in the manner well known. The tire F has a ring
lip G to take into the groove of the outer face of the shoc flange B and
the periphery of the ring plate O has a lip H to take into an annular
groove in the inner face of the tyre, the lip being held therein by the
projection I which can be hammered into contact as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 3 represents a similar view of a portion of a railway wheel in
which the projection I of the tire is dispensed with, an annular groove
being formed in the inner periphery of the tire F for the reception of a
key J a portion of which key is above the level of the inner periphery of
the tire to abut against a shoulder K. formed by a recessed portion in the
outer periphery of the shoe A, the other portion of the recess being
filled in by a fillet K¹ retained in place by the ring plate C.
Figure 4 shows a portion of a railway wheel with flanged shoe A
stepped or recessed in its outer periphery for a projection L on the inner
periphery of the tire F, the tire being bored out with a slight cone,
heated, and then shrunk on.
Figure 5 represents a portion of a railway wheel in which the shoe A
has a flange B on the inner face portion of the wheel, a ring plate N
with a lip P to take under the tire lip G being employed. The tire F in
this case has a projection I on the inner face to be hammered into
contact with shoo A.
Instead of the tire projection I a projection L on the inner periphery
of the tire can be formed to take into a recess in the outer periphery of
the flanged shoc A and at the inner face thereof as in Figure 6. The
heads of the bolts D can be on the inside of the wheels, and the nuts_Q
on the outside, or the heads may be on the outside and the nuts on the
inside, as in Figure 7.
Figure 8 shows a shoe A with a flange B on the outer side of the wheel
as explained with reference to Figures 1 and 2. The outer periphery of
the shoe in this construction has two recesses, one recess being of greater
depth than the other for projections L, L, on the inner periphery of the
tire F to take into two lipped ring plates C, N, being employed for 3

page_text: "
the bolts D to hold them, and the wood E. as a 'centro'
together.
13
J.
firmly
Figure 9 represents a divided shoe A, each half having a flango B
one at the outer face of the wheel, and one at the inner face. Tho
mecting or joint faces of these half shoes are inclined like a scarf, and
are bolted or fastened in contact by screws R, one of which only is
shown. The outer periphery of this form of shoe is recessed or channelled
for shoulder projections L, L, on the inner periphery of the tire to take
into.
Figure 10 shows another form of divided shoe A with flanges B, B.
The meeting edges of this shoe abut at the middle, and are retained in
place by the tire projections L, L, and the ring plate O, N, each of
which has a lip H to take into channels or grooves in the inner and the
outer faces of the tire respectively.
Figure 11 illustrates a shoe A with the two flanges B, B, formed by an
inclined inner periphery, the outer periphery being stepped into a groove
or channel in the inner periphery of the tire and held in place, as
also the wood E, by the ring plates C, N, and the lips H, P, both of
which have the tire projections I, I, hammered into contact or not, as
desired.
Figure 12 represents a shoe A without a side flange, the wood resting
direct upon the shoe which is stepped into the tyre and retained by bolts
passed through the wood, and the ring plates C, N, one of which has its
lip P under the lip G of the tyre, and the other its lip H in the groove or
channel.
Having thus set forth the nature of the first part of my Invention, I
declare that I claim,―
The special construction of railway wheels in which the sole portion of
a flanged shoe is employed between the tire and the wood, and the
flanged portion of the shoe upon one face of the wood, and fastened
thereto by bolts, a lipped ring plate being used on the outer face of the
wood, these, with the lip tyre being in combination as described with
reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the annexed Drawings, as and for the
purpose set forth.
Secondly. I claim in this first part of my Invention, the several
modified methods of construction or combination of parts described with

page_text: reference to Figures 3 to 11 of the annexed Drawings as and for the
purposes set forth.
The second part of my Invention consists in the employment of a
flanged ring shoe between the tire and the wood of what is known as the
wooden wheel, whether the ring plate before referred to be used in
combination or not.
The third part of my Invention relates especially to what are known
as iron wheels, and consists in uniting the tiro F, as in Figure 13, to the
rim S by a square lip G on the inner periphery of the tire, taking over a
projecting lip P of the rim on one side and by a ring gutter plate T on
the opposite side, one flange or projection B of the ring gutter plate being
square to take into a corresponding groove in the tyre. The other flange
with angle face U takes into a corresponding channel on or in the rim, the
angle face U being hammered into position to bind the outer periphery
of the rim S into close contact with the inner periphery of the tire F. The
projecting lip I of the tyre, as in the first method is afterwards hammered
down into close contact with the outer face of the gutter ring plate to
hold it in position.
The outer periphery of the rim S may be stepped, as in Figure 14, and
the gutter ring plate T project beyond the face of the tyre, in which case
no projection I of the tire is required. .
The key J, described with reference to Figure 3, of the wood wheel
arrangement can be used as in Figure 15, the fillet K being wedge
shaped to force the key J home. The wedge fillet or filling up piece K
is pressed upon by the ring gutter plate T, the angle face U of the lip
of which can be dispensed with if a screw pin V. be used, as in Figure 16,
it being preferable to employ a screw pin W passed through the rim S
to bear upon the key J from the centre directly over the tread of the
tire or near the inner face, as in Figure 17. Two ring gutter plates T, T,
whose flanges or lips take into the grooves of the tyre and upon the inner
periphery of the rim may be used, the upper lips having angled faces, as
with reference to Figure 13, or side screws can be used, as in Figure 18.
The outer periphery of the rim S and the inner periphery of the tire F
may be plain or stepped, as in Figures 18 and 19.
Having thus described the third part of my Invention, I declare that
I claim, the construction of railway wheels described with reference to

page_text: Figures 13 to 19 inclusive, in the Drawings annexed, especially the ring
gutter plate with an angle faced lip, as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Alexander Jeffreys, havo
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Seventh day of September,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.