Improvements in the Method of and Means for Carding Wool and other Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 18th June, 1891-Accepted, 29th Aug., 1891
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Method of and Means for Carding Wool and
other Fibrous Materials.
I, GOTTLIEB ARNOLD LOHRISCH of Chemnitz in the Kingdom of Saxony and
German Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the method of and means for carding wool for the
production of half worsted yarns and its object is, whilst using the ordinary
scribbler intermediate and finisher carding engines, to produce a yarn having more
similarity with worsted than can be produced by these engines as at present usually
employed.
In order to prevent the crossing of the fibres and to secure their parallelism I
take the sliver from the scribbling engine and by means of apparatus such as is
hereinafter fully described, I lay it upon the apron of the intermediate engine in
such a manner that the fibres in the sliver are at right angles to the axis of the
cylinder of the carding engine. In consequence of this arrangement, the fibres are
fed longitudinally and the yarn ultimately spun therefrom will possess greater
strength and smoothness, and may be used for purposes for which worsted yarns
are now employed.
In the accompanying drawings to which reference will hereinafter be made,
Figures 1 and 2 represent in plan and in longitudinal section respectively, the
apparatus which I may employ for the purpose of my invention; the apparatus
being represented as applied to the intermediate carding engine.
Figure 3 represents a cross section of Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 4 is a plan of the sliver from the scribbler as laid upon the apron of the
intermediate carding engine by means of the apparatus.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal section of the scribbling engine.
Figure 6 is a longitudinal section and plan respectively of the intermediate
carding engine having the apparatus attached thereto; and
Figure 7 is a longitudinal section of the finisher carding engine with laps from
the intermediate carder.
It will be understood that Figures 5, 6, and 7 are diagrammatic, their purpose
being to shew the general arrangement of the carding combination only. Figure 4
has been drawn to a larger scale and separately, in order to shew more clearly the
arrangement of the sliver on the apron of the intermediate carder according to this
invention.
In Figures 1, 2, and 3, A shews the apron of the intermediate carder which
travels at a uniform speed in the direction of the licker-in roller R. Above the
apron there is arranged a carriage D which has a longitudinal movement to and fro
parallel with the apron, that is to say at a right angle to the axis of the carding
cylinder. This larger carriage carries a smaller carriage E which has a to and fro
motion at a right angle to the motion of the larger carriage, or parallel to the axis
of the carding cylinder.
The feeding funnel B and rollers C are carried by the transversely moving
smaller carriage E and the motions of these rollers and of the carriages are effected
by the rotation of the shaft G which is driven from the carding engine by suitable
gearing. This shaft is provided with a long fast key and carries the mitre wheel 1
in such a manner that it may be moved along the shaft whilst being rotated thereby.
The mitre wheel drives the mitre wheel 2 and the spur wheels 3 and 4, the last
of which is mounted upon the end of the shaft H which in turn drives the feeding

page_text: rollers C through the intermediary of the gearing 5, 6, and 7 of which the wheel 5
is capable of sliding upon whilst being rotated by the shaft H. This shaft also, by
means of the wheel and pinion 8 and 9, drives the shaft J mounted parallel with
the shaft H. On the ends of the shaft J, are mounted the pinions 10 gearing with
the fixed racks 11. The racks are constructed in the same manner as Cowper's
endless rack or as a "mangle rack," so that at the end of each stroke the direction
of motion of the carriage is reversed. The speed of the carriage D is comparatively
fast relatively to the speed of the travelling apron A, whilst the speed of the
carriage E is comparatively slow. For example, the speed of the carriage E is
such that it travels through a distance about equal to the width of the band or
sliver during the time taken by the carriage D to make a complete backward
and forward (or double) stroke, during which two layers of the sliver are laid upon
the apron.
The means for and method of operating the smaller carriage E which moves
parallel with the carding cylinder, are illustrated by Figures 8, 9, and 10; of which
Figure 8 represents a sectional front view, Figure 9 a plan, and Figure 10 a partial
end view; all the figures being drawn to an enlarged scale.
The carriage E is driven by means of the endless belt T which passes around
the flanged pulleys U U¹ mounted below the overhanging brackets V V'. The
pulleys are driven by the mitre wheels W one of which is mounted on the shaft X
driven by change gearing from the wheels 1, 2, and 3. A pin or projection S is
fixed upon the endless belt T in such a manner as to engage in the slot Y formed
in the top plate of the carriage E. The connection between the endless belt and
the carriage being thus established, it follows that the carriage will partake of the
motion of the belt, whilst the length of the slot Y allows for the successive
alterations of the position of the pin S each time it passes around one of the
pulleys.
The pulleys U U₁ being mounted upon studs below the overhanging brackets V V',
the carriage can move freely beneath them.
As a result of the combined motions of the feeding rollers C, the reciprocating
carriages D E, and of the travelling apron A, as hereinbefore described, the sliver
from the scribbler is fed through the funnel B by the feeding rollers C and
deposited on the travelling apron in layers as shewn on a larger scale by Figure 4.
Each of the series of layers such as N O P Q, is covered diagonally by the
following series of layers during the period taken by the travelling apron to
traverse the distance F which equals the length of one of the folds of the sliver.
The speed of the carriages and of the feeding cylinders may be varied by means of
change wheels to what is required, and by altering these speeds relatively to each
other a large variety of other band formations may be obtained other than that
illustrated by the drawings.
I have described the best means at present known to me for carrying my invention
into practical effect, but it is obvious that these may be considerably varied without
departing therefrom. For example, I might dispense with the longitudinally moving
carriage D and arrange the transversely moving carriage E at a greater height
from the travelling apron, in which case I should employ a pendulum and feeding
cylinders in substitution for the omitted carriage D.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
1. The hereinbefore described method of feeding sliver to the carding engine in 5
the preparation of wool and other similar fibres, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
2. An apparatus for laying the sliver from the scribbling engine longitudinally
in folds upon the travelling apron of the intermediate carding engine in such a
manner that all the fibres enter the carding engine practically parallel with each 5

page_text: other, and so also as to distribute the sliver uniformly upon the travelling apron;
constructed arranged and operated substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
D 1001
WILLIAM E. HEYS,
Agent for the Applicant.