Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of Road Vehicles.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 23rd May, 1896-Accepted, 11th July, 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of Road
Vehicles.
I, JOHN BRADLEY CARSE, of 64 & 66 Wabash Avenue, Chicago, Illinois,
United States of America, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to pneumatic tyres for road vehicles and particularly for
autocars, motor driven cycles, omnibuses and the like.
"My improved tyre may have one inflatable tube only or it may have two or more
of such tubes. The tube may be endless or it may be a straight tube with closed
ends bent round in the outer cover so that the ends overlap. The outer cover of
the tyre is formed of a number of layers of canvas or the like arranged with the
fibres of adjacent layers extending in different directions and an outer layer of
india rubber.
Between the cover and the inflatable tabe or tubes is placed a shield of leather
or like substance covered with felt or similar soft material, which in case a sharp
instrument be driven through the cover yields and does not allow of ready
penetration. The cover is preferably made into a complete ring by lacing the
edges together or otherwise uniting the edges. It has been my experience that
pneumatic tyres on the wheels of motor driven vehicles are not very satisfactory
unless they are positively secured to the rim of the wheel so as to prevent slip
under the excessive strain brought upon them when starting or stopping and when
ascending a hill. I therefore secure the tyre to the rim by means of bolts the
heads of which are within the cover. The under face of the heads are notched or
ribbed to seize the cover and thereby prevent rotation of the bolts when the same
are being screwed up tight, thus avoiding the use of a separate device for preventing
rotation.
I provide a layer of canvas or the like between the bolt heads and the air tube
to prevent injury to the latter."
Dated this 20th dor of Aumil 1906
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Pneumatic Tyres for the Wheels of Road
Vehicles.
I, JOHN BRADLEY CARSE, of 64 & 66 Wabash Avenue, Chicago, Illinois,
United States of America, Mechanical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the eame is to be performed, to be, particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to pneumatic. tyres for road vehicles such as, autocars,
omnibuses, motor driven cycles, and the like.

page_text: My improved tyre may have one inflatable tube enclosed in a strong cover or it
may have two or more of such tubes. The inflatable tube may be endless or it may
be a tube with closed ends and be curved round the wheel within the outer cover
of the tyre so that the ends of the tube meet or overlap. The outer cover of the
tyre is formed of a number of layers of canvas or the like (arrangert with the fibres
of adjacent layers extending in different directions) and an outer layer of india-
rubber. Between the cover and the inflatable tube or tubes is placed a shield of
leather or like substance covered with felt or similar soft material which assists in
preventing puncture. The cover is preferably made into a complete ring by lacing
the edges together or otherwise connecting the edges.
Referring to the accompanying drawing which illustrates my invention,
Figure 1 is a transverse section of the tyre shown applied to a rim.
Figure 2 is a plan of the head of one of the bolts for securing the tyre to
the rim.
A denotes the layers of canvas or like fabric forming the non-extensible part of
the outer cover of the tyre. There are provided several layers of canvas according to
the strength or thickness required, and the several layers, are so arranged that the
fibres thereof extend in different directions. B is the layer of india-rubber
surrounding the canvas. I preferably use cheap india-rubber and vulcanise it with
the canvas so as to produce a very stiff cover unlike the covers ordinarily used in
pneumatic tyres but similar to a vulcanised india-rubber belt for example. The
large volume of air in the tyre ensures the neressary resilience. C is the inner
inflatable tube which as before stated may be endless or may be a tube
with closed ends. D is a shield of leather or like strong and tough substance
placed between the inflatable tube and the outer cover. The said shield
is covered by a layer or layers E of felt or similar soft material which operates to
clog the point of any sharp instrument that may happen to pierce the cover and s.
tends to prevent the further entrance of the said point into the tyre and thereby
assists in preventing puncture of the air tube. The cover is divided along its inner
circumference as indicated at F to allow of the insertion and removal of the air
tube, the edges of the cover being united by lacing as indicated at G or by other
means. It has been my experience that. pneumatic tyres on the wheels of motor
driven vehicles are not very satisfactory unless they are positively secured to the
rim of the wheel so as to prevent slip under the excessive stress brought upon the:n
when the vehicle is starting or stopping or ascending a hill. I therefore secure
the tyre to the rim H by means of bolts J arranged alternately on opposite sides
of the centre of the rim and having their heads within the cover. The under face of
the head of each bolt is notched as indicated at J' in Figure 2 or is ribbed to seize
the cover and thereby prevent rotation of the bolt when the same is being screwed
up tight, thus avoiding the use of a separate device for preventing rotation.
I provide a layer K of canvas or the like between the bolt heads and the air tube
to prevent injury to the latter. I sometimes also attach an additional layer L of
canvas to the air tube on the inner circumference thereof to further protect it from.
injury by contact with the bolts.
My improved pneumatic tyre can be advantageously used with the air compressed
uly to a slight degree so that a considerable area of flat surface is produced at the
point of contact of the tyre and the ground whereby slipping of the tyre is avoided
and a powerful grip for traction purposes is ensured.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. In a pneumatic tyre, a shield of leather or like substance covered by felt or
similar soft material, and placed between the air tube and the outer cover,
substantially as, and for the purpose, specified.
2. The method of securing the tyre to the rim by means of bolts having notched
or ribbed heads, substantially as, and for the purpose, specified.

page_text: 3. A pneumatic tyre constructed substantially as hereinabove described whereby
the air for inflating the tyre need not be highly compressed.
Dated this 23rd day of May 1896.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.