IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS, AND IN STEAM AND WATER GUAGES FOR THE SAME
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Galloway and John Galloway, both of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS, AND IN STEAM AND WATER GUAGES FOR
THE SAME."
Sealed the 2nd February 1864, and dated the 20th August 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Galloway and
John Galloway at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 20th August 1868.
We, WILLIAM GALLOWAY and JOHN GALLOWAY, both of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS, AND IN STEAM AND WATER
GUAGES FOR THE SAME," to be as follows:-
One part of our Invention consists in constructing steam boilers by con-
necting together two or more tubes, retorts, or portions of boilers (not situated
within each other) by means of conical or tapering water tubes, such as those
described in the Specification to certain Letters Patent granted to us, and
bearing date the 11th day of March 1851 (No. 13,552), such tubes being
so formed that the flanches of the smaller ends can pass through the apertures
formed in the one part of the boiler for receiving the larger ends of the con-

page_text: necting tubes, so that such tubes can be put in their places by passing them
inside such part of the boiler, and through the apertures of the same, the
flanches to the larger ends of such tubes remaining inside such part of the
boiler whilst the flanches to the smaller ends are rivetted to the outside of
the other part of the boiler.
The arrangement we prefer to employ is as follows:-We place two sets of
tubes or retorts of moderate size in a horizontal or nearly horizontal position,
the one set below the other, and we connect the two sets together by means
of a series of the before-mentioned tapering water tubes, arranged either in a
vertical or in a diagonal or sloping position, so that the tapering tubes of one
upper retort cross those of another, and are connected to a lower retort situated
beneath the last-named one. The fire-bars may be placed, between the upper
and lower set of tubes or retorts, in which case a number of the tapering
tubes are omitted to make room for the same, or the fire-bars may be placed
beneath the lower set of retorts. The upper set of retorts may all be con-
nected to a transverse tube. situated above them and serving as a steam.
chamber.
Another part of our Invention consists in constructing boilers of two sets of
horizontal or nearly horizontal tubes or retorts of moderate diameter, the one
set being placed below the other, and the two sets being connected together by
a series of cylindrical water tubes, either arranged vertically so as to connect
each one of the upper tubes or retorts with one of the lower tubes or retorts
placed immediately beneath the same, or they may be arranged in a diagonal
or slanting position so as to connect each one of the upper tubes or.retorts to a
lower tube or retort not situated immediately beneath it. The fire-bars may
be arranged between the upper and lower set of tubes or retorts, in which case
a requisite number of the connecting tubes would be omitted to make room
for the same, or the fire-bars may be placed beneath the lower set of tubes or
retorts. The upper set of tubes or retorts are all connected to a transverse
tube placed above them and serving as a steam chamber.
•
Another part of our Invention has reference to that description of steam
guages in which the steam is caused to press upon a disc or diaphragm of
india-rubber, the motion of which-actuates a pointer on a dial. Our Invention
consists in placing a number of dises of brass or other suitable material in a
space formed below the india-rubber diaphragm so that the pressure of the
steam is exerted upon the under surface of such discs instead of upon the
india-rubber, whereby the number and thickness of the discs which are
employed are made to regulate the degree of pressure which the guage is

page_text: capable of indicating. The india-rubber diaphragm is protected by a sheet of
very thin metal or "stensil plate," which is soldered to the flange of the
guage.
Another part of our Invention consists in providing the water guages to
steam boilers with valves known as "plug valves" instead of the ordinary taps,
which valves on being turned clear out the water passages and prevent the
scale or deposit in boilers from accumulating.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Galloway and John Galloway in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 16th February 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
GALLOWAY and JOHN GALLOWAY, both of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of August, in the year of our Lord Oue
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-seventh year of Her
reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the
said William Galloway and John Galloway, Her special licence, that we,
the said William Galloway and John Galloway, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said William Galloway and
John Galloway, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland; the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN STEAM BOILERS, AND IN STEAM AND WATER GUAGES FOR THE SAME,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Galloway
and John Galloway, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our or their hands and seals, or under the band and seal
of one of us or them, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent. Office,
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Galloway and John Galloway,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say:-
One part of our Invention consists in constructing steam boilers by con-
necting together two or more tubes, retorts, or portions of boilers (not situated
within each other), by means of conical or tapering water tubes, such as those
described in the Specification and Disclaimer to certain Letters Patent
granted to us, and bearing date the 11th day of March 1851 (Nos. 13,552
and 13,552*), such tubes being so formed that the flanches of the smaller
ends can pass through the apertures formed in the one part of the boiler for
receiving the larger ends of the water tubes, so that such tubes can be put in
their places by passing them inside such part of the boiler, and through the
apertures of the same, the flanches to the larger ends of such tubes remaining
inside such part of the boiler, whilst the flanches to the smaller ends are
rivetted to the outside of the other part of the boiler.
The arrangement we prefer to employ is as follows:-We place two tubes
or two sets of tubes or retorts of moderate size in a horizontal or nearly hori-
zontal position, the one tube or set of tubes below the other, and we connect
the two tubes or sets of tubes together by means of a series of the before-
mentioned tapering water tubes, arranged either in a vertical or in a diagonal
or sloping position, in which latter case the tapering tubes of one upper retort
cross those of another, and are connected to a lower retort situated beneath
the last-named one. The fire-bars may be placed between the upper and
lower set of tubes or retorts, in which case a number of the tapering tubes are
omitted to make room for the same; or the fire bars may be placed beneath
the lower set of tubes or retorts. The upper set of retorts may all be con-
nected to a transverse tube situated above them and serving as a steam
chamber
Another part of our Invention consists in constructing boilers of two sets of
horizontal or nearly horizontal tubes or retorts of moderate diameter, the one
set being placed below the other, and the two sets being connected together
by a series of cylindrical water tubes, either arranged vertically so as to connect
each one of the upper tubes or retorts with one of the lower tubes or retorts
placed immediately beneath the same, or they may be arranged in a diagonal
or slanting position, so as connect each one of the upper tubes or retorts to a
lower tube or retort not situated immediately beneath it. The fire-bars may

page_text: be arranged between the upper and lower set of tubes or retorts, in which case
a requisite number of the water tubes would be omitted to make room for the
same, or the fire-bars may be placed beneath the lower set of tubes or retorts.
The upper set of tubes or retorts are all connected to a transverse tube placed
above them, and serving as a steam chamber.
Another part of our Invention has reference to that description of steam
gauges in which the steam is caused to press upon a disc or diaphragm of
india-rubber, the motion of which actuates a pointer on a dial.
Our Invention consists in placing a disc or a number of discs of brass or
other suitable material in a space formed above or below the india-rubber
diaphragm of ordinary gauges, so that the pressure of the steam is exerted
upon such discs in addition to the india-rubber, whereby the number and
thickness of the discs which are employed are made to regulate the degree
of pressure which the gauge is capable of indicating. The india-rubber
diaphragm may be protected by a sheet of very thin metal or "stencil plate,"
which is soldered to the flange of the gauge.
•
Another part of our Invention consists in providing the water gauges to
steam boilers with valves known as "plug valves," instead of the ordinary
taps, which valves on being turned clear out the water passages and prevent
the scale or deposit in boilers from accumulating.
On the accompanying Drawings are shown various arrangements of steam
boilers constructed according to our Invention.
Figures 1 and 2 on Sheet I. show a longitudinal section and transverse
section of an arrangement in which three upper tubes A, A, A, are connected
to three lower tubes B, B, B, by means of conical or tapering water tubeş
C, C, C, so proportioned that they can be fixed in their places by passing them
along inside the upper tubes and through the apertures formed in the same for
receiving the larger end of the water tubes, the flanges to such larger ends
remaining inside the upper tubes, whilst the flanges to the smaller ends are fixed
to the outside of the lower tubes. The water tubes are here shown placed as
close together as practicable, but they may be fixed at any greater distance
apart, or there may be only one water tube at each end of the tubes A and B.
The fire grate D is in this arrangement placed between the upper and lower
tubes, and several of the water tubes are omitted to make room for the same.
The fire grate may, however, also be arranged below the lower tubes B, B, B,
and the water tubes continued the whole length of the tubes A and B. The
tubes A, A, A are connected at top to the steam chamber E. Instead of threo
sets of tubes A and B, any greater or less number may be combined in one boiler.

page_text: .
Figure 3 shows a transverse section of an arrangement, in which four upper
tubes A, A, A, A, are connected to four lower tubes B, B, B, B, by means
.of diagonal, conical, or tapering water tubes C, C, C, C, instead of by vertical
ones, as in the previous arrangement; and Figure 4 shows a transverse
section, and Figure 5 a part sectional plan on line X, X, Figure 4, of an
arrangement in which two upper tubes A, A, are connected to two lower
tubes B, B, both by vertical tubes C, C, and by diagonal tubes C³, C¹, arranged
alternately.
Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section, and Figure 7 shows a transverse
section of an arrangement in which two lower tubes B, B, are connected to
one large upper tube or boiler A by means of the conical or tapering water
tubes C, C, the fire-grate D being arranged below the tubes B, B. .
Figures 8 and 9 on Sheet II. show a longitudinal section and transverse
section of an arrangement, in which three upper tubes A, A, A, are con-
nected to three lower tubes B, B, B, by means of cylindrical or parallel water
tubes C, C, C, according to another part of our Invention. D. is the fire-
grate arranged between the two sets of tubes, but which may also be placed
below the lower set; E is, the steam chamber connecting, the upper tubes.
Figure 10 shews a transverse section of an arrangement, in which four
upper tubes A, A, are connected to four lower tubes B; B, by means of
diagonal, cylindrical, or parallel water tubes C, C, and Figure 11 shows a
transverse section of an arrangement of two upper and lower tubes A, A, and
B, B, connected by both vertical and diagonal, cylindrical or parallel water
tubes C, C'.
Figure 12 shows a section, and Figure 13 shows a front view of a steam s
pressure gauge arranged according to our Invention. Above the india-
rubber diaphragm F is placed the metal disc G, which is made of a thickness
corresponding to the degree of pressure that the gauge is required to indicate.
To this plate is attached the spindle H that actuates the toothed sector I, the
arrangement of which, as also of the other parts of the gauge, are well known,
and form no part of our. Invention. In place of only one metal disc G, two
or more may be employed, and instead of placing them above the india-rubber
diaphragm F they may be placed below the same, with or without a second
india-rubber diaphragm placed underneath them.
Figure 14 shows a section of our improved water gauge. In place of the
cocks ordinarily employed, valves J, J', are here provided actuated by means
of the screwed spindles K, K', working in the plugs L, L'. The lower plug L'
is provided with an aperture M, the communication between which and the.

page_text: boiler N is shut off by the valve J' being screwed back against the end of the
plug L. The spindles K, K, are continued beyond the valves J, J', and fit
loosely into the passages O, O¹, through which the water gauge communicates
with the boiler. To shut off the communication between the boiler and the
water gauge, the valves J, J', are screwed against the faces a, a, thus closing
the passages O, O¹. When required, the plugs L, L, with the valves J, J',
may be unscrewed from the water gauge, and the latter may then be readily
cleared from any deposit from the water in the boiler. Suitable stuffing
boxes P, P¹, are provided to the plugs L, L, through which the spindles K, K¹;
work in a steam-tight manner.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the best means we
are acquainted with of performing the same, we wish it to be understood that
we do not limit ourselves to the precise arrangements of the boilers, as
herein-before described with reference to Sheet I. of the accompanying
Drawings, as these may be variously modified without departing from the
nature of our Invention; but what we claim, is,―
..
Firstly, constructing steam boilers of two or more separate parts connected
together by means of conical or tapering water tubes with flanches at their
ends, and of such a form that the flanch of the smaller end may pass through
the hole in the one part of the boiler which receives the larger end of the
tube.
Secondly, constructing steam boilers of two rows of horizontal or nearly
horizontal tubes, one row of which is placed below the other, and which are
connected together by means of conical or tapering water tubes, substantially
as herein-before described with reference to Figures 1 to 7, on Sheet I., of
the accompanying Drawings.
Thirdly, constructing steam boilers of two rows of horizontal or nearly
horizontal tubes, one row of which is placed below the other, and which are.
connected together by means of parallel water tubes, substantially as herein-
before described with reference to Figures 8 to 11 on Sheet II. of the accom-
panying Drawings.
Fourthly, constructing steam-pressure gauges having one or more metal
discs placed above or below the india-rubber diaphragm, the number and
thickness of such discs being made to regulate the pressure which the gauge
is capable of indicating, substantially as herein before described with reference
to Figures 12 and 13 on Sheet II. of the accompanying Drawings.
Fifthly, constructing water gauges to steam boilers in which plug valves
are substituted for the ordinary stop-cocks, substantially as herein-before

page_text: described with reference to Figure 14 on Sheet II. of the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Galloway and John Gal-
loway, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twelfth day of
February; in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and 5
sixty-four.
Witness,
WILLIAM NEWTON,
Cashier,
Knotts Mill,
⚫ ⚫ Manchester.
WILLIAM GALLOWAY. (L.S.)
JOHN GALLOWAY.
(L.S.)