IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1884

page_text: JOHN KAYSER of Kaiserslantern, Bavaria German Empire do hereby declare
the naturo of the said invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES to be
as follows:-
This invention relates to a sewing machine whereby button hole stitch, zig-zag
seams or other sewing can be produced.
The machine is fitted with a device which enables the needle bar-carrier to be
moved to and fro and this device may be thrown into or out of gear as desired.
It consists in a plate screwed onto the head and axle bearing of the machine an
urbor provided in said plate, carries a toothed wheel gearing with a corresponding
wheel on the horizontal driving axle of the machine and serves to impart motion
to the new mechanism. The wheel on the driving axle has only half as many
teeth as the loose wheel on the arbor. In the back of the loose wheel there is a
recess consisting of two parts concentric with the arbor nearly semicircular and of
different radius. The two parts are united by straight or somewhat curved parts.
This peculiarly shaped recess serves as a camgroove for a slide moving in horizontal
guides in the main plate of this device and provided with a roller working in this
The side has a slot for the arbor its forward end carries a rod
camgroove.
engaging by suitable studs or pivots with the sleeves of two horizontal guide rods
carrying the needle bar carrier with the needle bar.
The arbor of this device is screwed into the mainplate and has a head by
unscrewing the arbor the wheel with the camgroove is thrown out of gear with the
other wheel.
The arbor has a collar for this last mentioned wheel to work against, the latter
being kept in place by a washer. The wheel is thrown out of gear only when in
a predetermined position which may be ascertained by suitable marks on it and
the needle bar-carrier In tho main plato there may be a hole for a pin to pass
through by which the wheel when out of gear may be kept in proper position for
re-engagement. Other devices may be used for this object.

page_text: 23
I JOHN KAYSER, Kaiserslantern, Bavaria, Germany, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES' and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
The present invention relates partly to a simplified construction for sewing
machines by which the casing which guides the needlebar is after each stitch
moved to one side or back again so that a sewing machine embodying this
invention can be used for making zig-zag, stitch, seams, button holes and for other
sewing; another part of the invention relates to a construction which permits said
contrivance to be readily thrown out of gear so that the machine can be at any
time be made to serve as an ordinary sewing machine.
In the annexed drawings figure 1 shows a perspective of the head of a sewing
machine with my improvements applied thereto, the strip of fabric shown as
passing under the needle is represented with various stitches produced thercon by
the machine with these improvements at the right hand side a seam at the left
various ornamental zig zag stitches and between them is shown the sewing of a
buttonhole.
Figure 2. shows the apparatus with the needle-plate D-removed. Figure 3 is a
horizontal section on g. g figure 2. Figure 4. a vertical section on E. H figure 2
which shows the disconnecting arrangement very clearly.
The arrangement consists in a plate D, screwed upon the head and shaft casing
of the machine in which a spindle d' is provided. On this spindle a toothed
wheel E. rotates loosely which gears with a toothed wheel F. mounted on the
horizontal driving axle of the machine and serving to drive the new mechanism;
it has however only half as many teeth as the loose wheel E. so that the latter will
make only one rotation for every two of the shaft of the machine. In the back
of the wheel E., which is made of sufficient thickness, there is a groove n consisting
of two parts concentric with the axis d³ each being approximately a semicircle the
radii of the two being different. The two parts are connected by straight or
slightly curved parts. This peculiar groove or recess n serves as a cam groove for
a slide g guided between suitable guides f on plate D. To this end the slide g is
at the back fitted with a friction roller h engaging with said groove. At the shaft
or arbor d the slide g is provided with a horizontal slot corresponding to the lateral
displacement In front it carries a rod or bar the two ends of which engage
by means of pins or projections with boxes of two horizontal guide bars K
which carry the head or needle bar case a and needle bar b.
The operation of the apparatus is as follows:-
As long as the toothed wheel E passes with the exterior concentric part of the
grooven (see figure 2) over the roller h of the slide g, the latter remains entirely
at rest meanwhile the needle has formed.a stitch and when the end of that part of
the groove is reached by the friction roller, is over the cloth plate. At the transition
from the outer curve or are to the inner which now takes place, the roller h and
with it the slide y bar & guide arms or rods and needlebar b and the needle are
shifted towards the left (Figure 1) by a distance corresponding to the difference of
the radii of the two concentric parts of the groove.
Meantime the toothed wheel F has made a complete revolution the wheel E.
however only half a revolution, at the next following revolution of F during which
E makes the second half of its revolution the slide 9 and the parts connected
therewith including the needle bar casing a will at first retain their new position
unchanged as long as the inner part of the groove n passes over the roller and a
stitch is formed in that position.

page_text: At the transition from the small curve to the larger one, at the beginning of
which the needle has once more risen above the cloth plate the slide and parts
connected therewith together with the needle bar pass back towards the right and
the operations begin again.
"
The arrangement for throwing this device out of gear is based on that the
spindle d is secured in the plate Ď by a screw thread d³ and can be moved outward
to a certain extent by turning the head d' whereby the wheel E is thrown out of
gear with the driving wheel F.
For this purpose the spindle d' is at a little distance from D provided with a
collar d against which bears the hub of the loose rotating wheel E. The wheel
itself is retained by a disc or washer on the spindle d².
In order however that the movements of the needle may always be in unison
with the shifting of the needle bar casing the throwing out of gearing of the
wheel E. must always take place when the needle and the said wheel E are in
a definite position and the wheel when thrown out must be retained in position.
For this purpose a mark may be provided on the needle bar (figures 1 and 2)
which has to be, say, at a level with the upper surface of the needle bar casing
when the wheel is to be thrown into or out of gear. To retain the wheel E in
proper position when thrown out of gearing a piu v may be inserted in the plate D
(figure 4) and when the wheel E is thrown out of gear this pin enters a hole v on
the wheel retaining it in position. Instead of this arrangement any other may
however be used.
The unshipping gear may of course be used for such apparatus also in which
levers are substituted for the rod and are capable of swinging on adjustable pins
and thus effect to and fro motion of the needle case.
It must be clearly understood that I make no broad claim for shifting the needle
bar casing to and fro as this broadly speaking is known, but having now
particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
1, In a mechanism for sowing Button hole stitch, hem stitch and zigzag seams
in sewing machines the toothed wheel E. driven by the wheel F which rotates at.
twice the speed of the former and is mounted on the horizontal arbor the wheel E.
having a groove n consisting of two concentric approximately semicircular parts of
different radii which groove serves (when wheel E rotates) for causing the roller h
engaging therewith to shift a slide 9 firmly connected with the bar and the
needle bar casing a.
2, In sewing machines with mechanism for sewing button hole stitch and
ornamental stitches the throwing into and out of gear of said mechanisin by
shifting a wheel E by means of an adjustable spindle or arbor d³ the fixing in
proper position of the wheel thrown out of gear being effected by a stop arrange-
ment in such a manner that when thrown into gear again the mechanism will
again operate correctly with relation to the movements of the needle bar.
Dated this 19th day of December 1884.