Improvements in Air Brake Valve Mechanism for Railway Trains
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Apr, 1895-Accepted, 15th June 1895
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Air Brake Valve Mechanism for Railway Trains
I, CHARLFS GOODWIN EMERY of No 1 West 72nd Street, City County
and State of New York, United States of America, Min ifacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained, in and by the following
statement
18 to be
This invention relates particularly to valve mechanism for controlling and
variously operating the train pipe brake cylinder and auxiliary reservoir of an
equilibrio air brake mechanism
The leading or predominate functions of this mechanism, are to control the
operative or fluid pressure as between the train pipe cylin ler and reservoir, ench
with relation to each of the others to open and close the trun pipe as to local
exhaust, to open and close the cylinder as to local exhaust
to open and close
the reservoir as to exhaust into or equalization with the train pipe and cylinder
and to effect recharging of the cylinder and reservoir, and muntain a running feel
thereto
In the drawing,
Fig 1 is a general diagrammatic view of an air brake mechanism embodying my
improvements
Fig 2 is an enlarged detail view of the brake piston and cylinder in horizontal
central section
Fig 3 is a plan view in partial section of the cylinder, reservoir, and train pipe
valve mechanism showing the same as disconnected from the cylinder and viewed
as from above in Fig 1
Fig 4 is a central vertical section of this mechanism on plane a a of Fig 3 and
looking from below or against the upper halt thereof, the inovable parts being in
running position
Figs 5 and 6 are similar sections with said parts in, respectively, graduation and
emergency positions
Fig 7 is detail section showing one position of the emergency valve during its
closing movement
Fig 8 is a view like Fig 4, except that the parts are in release position
Fig
9 is a real elevation face view, from the cylinder side of the emergency and
graduation valves, Figs 10 and 11 being end and side views of the same
Fig 12 is a similar view of the emergency valve standing alone, Fig 13 being a
view of the same from the train pipe side thereof
Fig 14 shows a face view of the graduation valve from the cylinder side, a side
view, and a face view from the train pipe side
Fig 15 is an elevation view of a bridge piece or valve seating device
Fig 16 shows the emergency valve seat, as seen from the cylinder side
In these views, 1 indicates the train pipe, 2, the engine valve, 3, the main
reservoir, 4, the auxiliary reservoir 5, the brake cylinder, 6, the brake piston
and its angular iod and 7, a stop on the rod which, by striking the stuffing box 8,
limits the release motion of the piston, as hown
The brake piston is composed of the head 10 and dise 11 both of diameter luss
than that of the cylinder, and between which is beld the cup or valve packing 12,
turned toward the reservoir space, the discs being firmly held together by bolts 13
Under the cup packing is arranged an expansible ring-sping 14 acting to hold the

page_text: packing against the cylinder and thereby assist in preventing air from the reservon
passing the packing and entering the cylinder, but yielding to permit air to enter
the reservoir from the cylinder when at certain pressure above reservoir pressurè
This packing and spring are also to be so adjusted that, with equal air pressure on
both sides of the piston, variation between the pressure areas on the opposite sides
of the piston, together with the resistance of the cup or valve packing against
opening, will cause the piston, if in application position, to be moved to rele ise
position by a power sufficient to properly overcome the release resistance of the
biakes When, however the piston comes to rest in rclea e position the vilve
will open to permit, practically, the equalization of pressures in the reservoir and
cylinder
Referring now to the valve mechanism, 15 indicates the casing thereof which is
fastened by bolts 16 (Fig 1), to the bracket neck 17 of the cylinder, the bottom
plate 18 being held to place on the casing by the same bolts The cap plite 1915
fastened to the casing by sciew bolts 20 bosses 21 (Fig 3) serving to positively
define the o ition of the plate and yet permit the presence and proper compresion
of a picking ing 22 In the bracket necl is a passage 23 leading from the
reservoir and to the reservon storage valve 24 noimally eated by a spring 2ɔ and
holding the passage closed against the flow of air from the re ervoir and in this
passage is also locited the retaining or check valve 26 acting under flow of air
from the reservon to open the pas age but closing it as to flow of air to the
27 is a passage openly communicating with the brake cylinder and
28 is an exterior exhaust port for the tram pipe and cylinder, valve 29 normally
held closed under slight spring pressure being provided to prevent inrush of air or
the collection in the port of foreign material
reset voir
30 (see especially Figs 9-14) is the emergency valve, which is of plate-like
form and conta ns the emergency passage 31 adapted upon suitable movement of the
valve to openly connect the train pipe port 32 with the exhaust port 28 (Fig 6)
it also is pierced by the cylinder charging passage 33, which opens at the inner of
cylinder end thereo' into the contracting notch or feed passage 34 (Fig 12), and,
by the graduation passage 35 which opens into the external poit 28 when this valve
18 in running po ilion Spring barrels 36 are formed in the ides of the valve and
hold spungs 37 (Figs 4-8), the lower end of which iest on the valve casing and
which serve to hold the valve in uncing position as also to return the same to such
position when not opposed by a superioi force This valve carries the cam o
wedge block 38 which, when the valve is in running position bears against the
bevel 39 on the budge piece 40 fixed to the casing and thereby forces the valve
under stress of its springs to tight contact with it beat Shoulders 41 on this
bridge eng ge the edges 4 of the valve and enure it not rising from its scat when
its wedge is moved from under the bridge
43 is the graduation valve which also is of plate-like form and is carried in a
horizontal groove seat 44 in the emergency valve, it being held tightly to contact on
its seat by the wedge block 38 and by the leaf spring, 45 held in a recess in aid
block also it carries the shoulder piece 46 (omitted from Fig 10) which is located
so as to engage said bridge and thereby the emergency valve, whereby the latter
will be moved with the graduation valve, as in case of the absence or efficient
operation of the emergency valve springs it is pierced by the charging passage 47
so located as to fully open the charging passage 33 of the emergency valve to the
cylinder in position of full release (g 8), and so as to partially open the same
through feeding notch 34 in position of tunning (Fig 4), which charging pa sage is
covered on the cylinder side of the valve by a flat plate or tongue spring 48 acting
by its tension to regulate when it is in open position, the operative size of the
feeding and charging passages to the cylinder, and to hold the passages clo ed to
prevent a flow of an from the cylinder, and it also has the praduation passage 49,
which is so located that, u graduation position of the valve (Fig 5), the said
feeding and charging passages are clo ed and this graduation pis age is opened
through the graduation passage 35 in the emergency valve to the exhaust port 28,

page_text: and this graduation passage is also located so that in running position (Fig 4) it 18
closed by the emergency valve
The valve seat 50 (see especially big 16) is provided with the train pipe
emergency exhaust ports 32 and 28 already described, as also with the cylinder
emergency exhaust port al through which the cylinder at the time of an emergency
application is fully and quickly exhausted through said port 32 and the outer
exhaust port 28, also it is provided with the small, cylinder vent port 2, through
which cylinder air can escape into the train pipe during the closing action of the
emergency valve and while the valve is moving to close the outer exhiut port and
has by such movement closed the cylinder exhaust port 1, this vent port being
not closed by the valve until after the outer exhaust port his been closed and the
graduation passages opened or very nearly so, whereby it is a sured that air under
pressure will not be tiapped in the cylinder space at least under such pressure
as to materially oppose the closing movement of the valve See the detail
section of Fig 7 which illustrates this action of the valve during its closing
movement
53 indicates the piston, diaphragm or movable abutment which actuates the said
graduation, emergency, and storage valves, the stem 54 of which piston is attached
by the grooved head 5 to one end of the graduation valve, and is of such length
that, in unning position, where the piston bears against the spring-supported
storage valve stem 56 projecting airtight through its seat, it holds the graduation
valve closed as to cylinder exhaust but open as to train pipe feed This piston is
movable air-tight between the chambers 57 and 58, which chambers respectively
openly communicate on the cylinder or right-hand side of the piston with the brake
cylinder through passage 9 (ig 3), and on the train pipe or left-hand side with
the train pipe and that side of the storage valve by passage 60
61 indicates a screen located in the train pipe passage and between the bottom
plate 18 and the valve seat 50 This position of the screen, close to the valve
ports where expansion and compression of air is most active and variation thereof
most felt, results in keeping the screen free from collections that tend to lodge in
its meshes and obstruct the free flow of the air
When the parts are in the running position, the train pipe cylinder, reservou
ind valve piston chambers contain air at practically uniform pressure
The
charging passages from the train pipe to the cylinder are reduced by the position
of the valves to the size of the feed passage, the operative size of which is in turn
djustably reduced by the spring feed valve to the smallest size then needed, which
ensures that, during the flow of feeding air, the valve piston will be held in 1anning
position by the cylinder air being maintained at slightly lower pressure (at least,
at not a greater pressure) than that of the train pipe an I be iction of this valve
also ensures that the pressure in one cylinder of the trun line will not essentially
vary from that in another cylinder, since each cylinder feed valve by its tension
and the cylinder pressure, graduates its own feed in accordance with the demand of
its cylinder to equalize with all other cylinders
Thus maintaining in the train pipe a pressure higher than that of the cylinders
connected therewith, prevents the brakes creeping on, as well as prevents other
undesired actions due to slight variation in train pipe pressure because of leakage,
irregular feed, the action of the an compressing pump, etc
If the train pipe pressure be raised, especially if suddenly and materially above
the usual feed flow, then the train pipe pressure will move the valve piston to first
lift the storage valve, and by further movement thereof to bring the graduation
valve to a position where the charging passages will be fully opened, thereby
permitting any excess of local or auxiliary reservon air over train pipe pressure
to flow to the train pipe side of the valve pistou and thence to the train pipe and
cylinder, the storage valve being held open until equalization has been established
and the said piston thereby and by the storage valve spring returned to running
position The check valve in the reservoir passage permits flow from the

page_text: reservoir, but prevents flow to the reservoir from the train pipe, particularly in
case of opening the storage valve under train pipe pressure when the reservoir
pressure is below that of the train pipe, in which case the re-ervoir would be
recharged through the charging passage, the cylinder, and by the brake piston,
until equalization be effected and the valve piston be returned to running position
as before
It is to be noted that the charging or feeding valve, or feed and charge-passage
controlling-spring, acts to control or regulate the operative size of the passage from
its maximum to its smallest available size of opening that it is continuously acting,
in running condition, to preserve a pressure in the train pipe slightly greater than
that in the cylinder, and that thereby a practically uniform pressure will be maintained
in all parts of the system, vaned only by the controlling action of the various feed
valves of the system Further, it is to be noted that the charging passage, when acting
in its capacity to charge the cylinder at the tune of effecting equalization, performs
this function independently of the smaller feed passage that the feed passage 18
independent of the charge passage, except that the latter serves as a part of the
former, as also that the feeding valve acts independently with either of these
passages While the functions and purposes of these passages, each acting with a
spring, are independent, I prefer for simplicity of structure to combine them as
described, and to locate them in the giaduation and emergency valves, rather
than in another part of the partition that separates the train pipe and cylinder
>paces Alo it is to be noted, that the storage valic serves as a yielding
abutment or support for the valve piston to rest against, so that the piston will not
be moved by light variations of train pipe pressure, and ensures the desired action
of the feed valve in running position, the tension of the storage valve spring being
sufficient to hold the piston against movement under a feed flow of practically the
full capacity of the feed passage, and to return the piston from equalizing to
running position when the equalizing flow has been reduced to the capacity of the
teed passage
When it is desired to make a graduation application of the brakes, the train
pipe pres ure will be reduced to below cylinder pressure, which will cause the
piston and graduation valve to move to graduation exhaust position, excessive or
emergency movement of the graduation valve being prevented by the piston stem
coming in contact with the emergency valve which is then strongly held to seat
by its springs and the cylinder pressure thereon At the time of making the
train pipe gi iduation reduction, the feed valve closes instantly, if it be open, and
prevents cylinder air escaping into the train pipe and lessening such reduction or
opposing the prompt and effective movement of the piston, which action of the
feed valve also assists in sharply and widely defining tiain pipe graduation
reduction from train pipe cmergency reduction As the cylinder exhausts, the
cylinder pressure on the piston decreases, which ensures that no further application
movement of the piston will be made When the cylinder air is exhausted to &
little below train pipe pressure, the piston will be returned to running position by
train pipe pressure, and another similar application can at once be made, and
these appluations can successively follow until the full braking power is reached,
without loss of resevol air or effecting an emergency application
After any one or more graduation applications, the brakes can be quickly
released by properly increasing train pipe pressure, the charging ports being
thereupon opened and the cylinder recharged and its pressure equalized with that
of the train pipe and reservoir and promptly after such recharge and release
re-application, either graduation or emergency, can be made
To effect an emergency application, the train pipe pressure will be suddenly and
materially reduced, whereupon the feed valve will close, and the valve piston and
graduation valve will have free motion for a short distance so that the piston stem
will be brought into forcible impact contact with the emergency valve and move
it, to cover the graduation passage through it, and to position where, with the

page_text: piston at the left hand end of its chamber or at the limit of its stroke in this
direction, the emergency valve passage will first open the train pipe fully through
its large pa sage to the exterior exhat st port and then this valve will uncover the
small cylinder emergency exhaust port, whereby ti un pipe air, and then tram
pipe and cylinder air, are frecly and rapidly exhausted The cylinder port is
smaller, in relative exhausting capacity, than that of the ti un pipe, and hence it
is ensured that the cylinder air will not flow into the train pipe so as to effect the
rapidity of travel along the pipe of the emergency reduction impulse
When the
linder air has exhausted, the emergency valve spring will return the emergency
valve to running position, the graduation valve remuning in giduation exhaust
position, which movemert of the emergency valve firt causes it to close the
ylinder exhaust port, and then the trun pe exhaust port, the cylinder vent port
permitting air to escape from the cylinder and prevent ng any accumulation of ur
under pressure upon the cylinder side of the piston, and the aduation port acting
imilarly when the vent 1ort is covered Upon properly recharging the train pipe,
the valve piston 1 moved to close the graduation exhaust port then to open the
ie ervoir storage valve, and then to open the charging passage, which will result in
prompt equalization between the reservoir, train pipe and cylinder, is explained,
ind the consequent release of the brakes
Opening the storage valve before the charging passages are opened, ensures that
the piston will be held in the release position during equalization, the spring vilvo
also co-operating to produce this action, which is farther en ured by the reservon
11 age beng larger than the feed pissage Upon moving the valve piston to
ffect the release of the brakes, and if the reservoir pressure is lower than train
pipe pressure, equalization will wholly occur through the cylinder and the release
movement of the brake piston will not be delayed, is would be the case if the
higher train pipe pressure wore at the time of release action permitted to
equalize with the lower reservoir pressure through the reservon passage It
ill be seen, therefore, that whatever the servon pressure at time of ele ise
action, the first result of such action is the establishment of release pressure on the
brake pi ton
On trains of maximum length, two successive emergency applications can be
tadily made by such mechanism, and on passenger tiams of average length, is
many as six, without recharging the auxiliary e ervoir
In case the emergency valve spring be removed or disabled, and the emergency
valve be not returned to close position after the cylinder has exhausted anl if
there is not a large number of cars in the tram, then quick recharge of the trun
pipe will cause the valve piston to move to close the emergency valve by the
raduation valve engaging the same
In the case of the cylinders of the train line being differently charged, as when
idding cars to a train, the result will be to equalize the pre sure of the train
pipe of the part of the tram of high pre sure with the pipe, cylinders and
reservoirs of the part of lower pressure, and at the same time to effect an
application on the part of higher pressure, after which the whole line will
equalize uniformly upon release or recharging action, the essential point being that
such or similar variations of train pipe pressure result in only one application
followed by equalization of pressure throughout the system upon releasing the
brake or brakes thus applied
By the term " equilibrio unbrake mechanism, is meant a biako mechanism
the brake actuating device or piston of which normally sustains Ieservoir of
brake-actuating pres ure, and is controlled by an opposing, or train pipe, pressu
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my saul
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
1 claim 1
-
1 In combination in an equilibrio an-brake mechanism and with the brake
cy lude and trim pipe thereit, a valve conti lang an exhaust passage from the

page_text: train pipe and also controlling an exhaust passage from the cylinder and operable
by a variation of train pipe pressure to open said passages
2 In combination in an equilibrio air-brake mechanism and with the brake
cylinder and train pipe thereof, a valve controlling an exhaust passage from the
train pipe and an exhaust passage from the cylinder, and a valve operating piston
actuated by variations of train pipe pressure for operating said valve
3 In combination in an equilibrio air-brake mechanism and with the train pipe
and cylinder thereof, a valve controlling an exhaust passage from the train pipe and
an exhaut pas-age from the brake cylinder, a piston for operating said valve
and normally having train pipe an on one side thereof and cylinder air on the other
side thereof, whereby upon train pipe reduction of pre-sure the valve will be
operated to conjointly exhaust the train pipe and the bike cylinder
4 In combination in an equilibrio air-brake mechanism and with the train pip
and cylinder thereof, an exhaust pas age from the train pipe, an exhaust passage
from the cylinder of smaller size than that from the train pipe, and a valve
mechanism controlling said passages and operable by reduction of train pipe
pressure to open the same to exhaust
5 In combination in an equilibrio air brake mechanism and with the brake
cylinder and train pipe thereof, an exhaust passage from the train pipe and a
separate exhaust passage from the cylinder, and a valve controlling said passages
and acting to direct the train pipe and the cylinder exhaust jets separably to the
atmosphere
6 In combination with a brake cylinder and train pipe, an exhaust passage from
the train pipe and one from the cylinder, valve controlling said passages and
containing ti un pipe exhaust passage and a cylinder exhaust passage of smaller
size than the train pipe passage and operable by variation of train pipe pressure
to exhaust the train pipe and the cylinder
7 In combination with an an-brake cylinder and train pipe, an exhaust passage
from the tin pipe and an exhaust passage from the cylinder, a slide valve
controlling said exhaust passages, a piston for actuating said valve and operable
under variations of train pipe pressure, and a spring supported abutment for
holding said piston in running position and against movement by increase of
feed flow
8 In combination in an equilibrio air brake mechanism and with the train pipe
auxiliary reservoir and cylinder thereof, a valve controlling an exhaust port from
the cylinder, a separate resei voir valve controlling a passage from the reservoir to
the cylinder, and valve operating mechanism normally hell in running position by
said reservoir valve and actuated by reduced train pipe pressure to open sand
exhaust valve and by increase train pipe pressure to open said reservon valve
9 In combination in an equilibrio air brake mechanism and with the train pipe
auxiliary reservoir and brake cylinder thereof, a valve controlling an exhaust port
from the cylinder, a valve controlling a pas age from the reservoir to the train pipe
and to the cylinder, and valve operating mechanism actuated by a reduction of
tiain pipe pressure to open said exhaust valve, and operated by an increase of trum
pipe pressure to open said reservon valve to effect equalization of reservoir pressure
with train pipe and cylinder pressures
10 In combination in an equilibrio air-brake mechanism, and with the trun
pipe auxiliary reservoir and brake cylinder thereof, a valve controlling an exhaust
port from the cylinaei, a valve controlling a passage from the reservon to the
train pipe, and a valve operating mechanism actuated by a lowering of train pipe
pressure to open said exhaust valve and by an increase of train pressure to
open said reservoir valve to effect equalization of reservou pressure with train pipe
pressure
11 In combination in an equilibrio air-brake mechanism, a brake piston and
cylinder connected on one side of the piston with an auxiliary reservoir and on the
other side thereof with a train pipe, a reservoir charging passage from one side to
the other of said piston and valves to retain reservoir air, an equalizing passage

page_text: from the train pipe to the reservoir a valve acting to normally hold said passage
closed against reservoir pressure, and valve acting to hold the passage closed
against train pipe pressure
12 In combination in an equilibrio air brake mechanism and with the train pipe,
brake cylinder and auxiliars reservoir thereof a valved pas age from the cylinder
to the reservoir, a valved passage from the reservoir to the train pipe and
nechanism operating by an increase in train pipe pressure to equalize air pressure
through the cylinder when a reservou pres ure lower than train pipe pissure
obtains and acting to effect through said reservoir passage equalization of ur
pressures when a train pipe pre sure lower thin reservoir pressure exists
13 In combination with the bike cylinder and train pipe of an equilibrio air-
brake system a feed valve controlling a passage from the train pipe to the cylinder
and acting to retain cylinder pres ute a cylinder exhaust valve and mechanism
for operating said valve which is oppositely acted on by tiain pipe and cylinder
pressure, whereby a reduction of triin pipe pressure will close said feed valve and
open sad exhaust valve, and the consequent reduction of cylinder pie sure will
cause the exhaust valve to clost, for the purpose of producing a graduation
application of the brake-
14 In combination in an equilibrio an-brake mechanism and with the brake
cylinder, auxiliary reservoir and train pipe thereof, a valve acting to control an
exhaust port from the cylinder, a valve controlled passage from the reservou to
the train pipe, a valve operating mechanism acting to open the said cylinder vilve
under the action of a reduction of trun pipe pressure and to open the valve of the
re ervoir pissige by an incren e of train pipe pressure whereby i partial application
of the brakes is produced and upon clease movement the reservoir air is equalized
with that of the trun pipe and cylinder
15 In combination with the brake cylinder, auxiliary reservoir, and train pipe
of an equilibrio air brake mechanism a valve controlling an exhaut port from the
train ipe and a valve controlling an exhaust port from the cylinder, a passage
from the re ervoir to the train pipe and a spring supported valve controlling such
passage, and valve operating mechanism held in normal position agunst said
reset voir pa sage valve and acting upon decrease of train pipe pressure to open
said cylinder or said train pipe valve and upon increase of train pipe pressure to
open sad reservon passage valve
16 In combination in an equilibrio air-brake mechanism and with the train pipe
brake cylinder and auxiliary reservoir thereof, a passage between said reservoir
and the trun pipe, valve controlling and pissage and operated upon by an
increase of train pipe pressure to put the train pipe and rescivoir to open
communication for the purpose of recharging the cylinder and a check valve
located in said pas age and acting to prevent train pipe pressure greater than
reser von pressure flowing into said reservoir
17 In combination in an equilibrio air brake mechanism and with the train
pipe, cylinder and auxiliny reservoir thereof a valved passage from the cylinder
to the 1 et voir whereby the latter charged from the former, a passage from the
reservoir to the train pipe and a valve and valve-operating mechanism controlling
the same and operable under train pipe pres ure to put the reservoir to open
communication with the train pipe and through the ame with the cylinder
18 In combination with the brake cylinder and tiam pipe of an equilibrio air
bike mechanism, a brake cylinder exhaust valve acting in runnin position to
separate the tiam pipe from the cylinder and provided with a feud pa sage having
a valve acting when in open position to control the operative size of the passage
and to hold the same closed against cylinder pressure, a valve operating mechanism
oppositely acted upon by variations between train-pipe and cylinder air pressure,
whereby to effect a partial or graduated exhaust from the cylinder
19 In combination in an equilibrio air brake mechanism and with the brake
cylinder and tram pipe thereof, a graduation valve controlling an exhaust port
from the cylinder, an emergency valve controlling an exhaut port from the

page_text: cylinder and one from the train pipe and valve operating mechanism acting under
different train pipe reductions of pressure to move the graduation valve to
exhaust the cylinder and to move the emergency valve to exhaust the train pipe
and cylinder
20 In combination in an equilibrio an biale mecharism and with the brake
cylinder and train-pipe thereof a ginduation valve controlling an exhaut port
fiom tle cylinder an emergency valve controlling an exhaut port from the
cyunder and one from the trun pipe, and valve operating mechanism oppositely
acted upon by train pipe and cylinder and moved by different trun pipe
reductions of pressure to open the cylinder to graduate exhaust or to open the
train pipe and cylinder to emergency exhaust
21 In combination in an equilibrio air brake mechanism and with the brake
cylinder and train pipe thereof, an emergency valve controlling an exhaust port
from the cylinder and one from the train pipe, and a graduation valve seated on
and having movement relatively to said emergency valve and controlling a
graduation passage from the cylinder and valve operating mechanism oppositely
acted on by train pipe and cylinder pressure and moved by a train pipe reduction
to open the cylinder to graduate exhaust and by a greater reduction to open the
train pipe and cylinder to emergency exhaust
22 In combination with an equilibrio air-brake mechanism and with the brake
ylinder ind train pipe thereof, in emergency valve controlling in exhaust port
fiom the cylinder and one from the trun pipe, and a graduation valve movably
mounted thereon and controlling the graduation exhaust pissage from the cylinder,
ind a movable abutment connected to said graduation valve and for independently
operating said valve, the abutment normally having cylinder pressure upon one of
its faces and train pressure upon the other of its face
23 In combination with a brake cylinder and train pipe of an equilibrio air-
brake mechanism, an emergency valve controlling an exhaust port from the train
pipe and one from the cylinder a graduation valve controlling a graduation
pas age from the cylinder, valve operating mechanism connected to the graduation
valve and through the same to the emergency valve, and means whereby the
graduation valve is first moved to graduation exhaust position and then both
valves are moved to emergency position, and upon clo ing movement of the said
valves the graduation valve engages the emergency valve and moves the same to
closed position
24 in combination with the brake cylinder and train-pipe of an equilibrio a11-
brake mechanism a valve acting to control exhaust from the train pipe, a valve
acting to control exhaust from the cylinder, a valve operating mechanism connected
with and for operating said valves, and a spring support for holding the said
mechanism and the said valves in normal or running position
25 In combination with the brake cylinder, auxiliary reservoir and train pipe
of an equilibrio air brake mechanism, a graduation valve controlling an exhaust
port from the cylinder, an emergency valve controlling exhaust poits from the
cylinder and train pipe, valve operating mechanism connected to and for operating
said valves, a passage from the auxiliary reservoir to the train pipe controlled by a
spring seated valve which also acts as a support to hold the said abutment and the
said valves in normal or running position
26 In combination with the brake cylinder and train-pipe of an equilibrio au
brake mechanism, an emergency valve movable to first put the train pipe to
exhaust and then to put the cylinder to exhaust through the train pipe space and
the train pipe exhaut port, and mechanism acting to operate said valve by
variation between train pipe and cylinder pressures normally maintained upon its
opposite faces
r
27 In combination with the brake cylinder and train pipe of an equilibrio
brake mechanism, a valve movable to put the train pipe and then the cylinder to
full exhaust, a valve actuating mechanism operated by a variation of air pressures
upon its opposite sides, and a vent port from the cylinder normally controlled by

page_text: said valve and acting to prevent the accumulation of air pressure in the cylinder
space during the closing movement of the valve
28 In combination with the brake cylinder and train pipe of an equilibrio air
brake mechanism, a valve movable to put the train pipe and cylinder to exhaust,
a second or graduation valve movable to put the cylinder to exhaust through the
other said valve, an exhaust passage from the cylinder controlled by said valves
whereby accumulation of an pressure in the cylinder space upon closure of the
valves is prevented, and mechanism for operating the said valves under variation of
train pipe pressure
29 In combination with the brake cylinler and train pipe of an equilibrio air
brake mechanism, a partition closing communication between the train pipe and
cylinder, a feed passage piercing said partition, and a spring valve located on the
cylinder side of the partition and acting when in open position to control the
operative size of the passage and to close said passage upon a reduction of train
pipe pressure below cylinder pressure
30 In combination with the brake cylinder and train pipe of an equilibrio air-
brake mechanism, a partition closing communication between the train pipe and
cylinder, a feed passage piercing said partition, and an elastic plate or tongue valve
acting in open position to control the operative size of the passage and acting to
close said passage against the escape of cylinder pressure
31 In combination in an equilibrio air brake mechani m and with the brake
cylinder and train pipe thereof, valve mechanism for exhausting the train pipe
and cylmaer, a piston operated upon its opposite faces by the cylinder and train
pipe pressures, a passage from the train pipe to the cylinder and a valve
independent of the said piston controlling the same, whereby upon the train-pipe
reduction the said passage is closed and cylinder air is prevented from entering the
train pipe
32 In combination in an equilibrio air-brake mechanism and with the brake
cylinder and train pipe thereof, a combined recharging and feeding passage
between the cylinder and train pipe, and a spring valve controlling said passage
and acting in open position to vary the operative size thereof, whereby for the
purposes of feed, a small spring-regulated passage is obtained, and, for the
purposes of recharging, a relatively larger spring-controlled charging passage is
obtained
33 In combination in an equilibrio an-brake mechanism and with the brake
cylinder and train pipe thereof, an emergency and a graduation valve independently
acting to exhaust the train-pipe or cylinder and a movable abutment normally
having train pipe pressure upon one face and cylinder pressure upon the other face
thereof, chaige passages through said valves from the train pipe to the cylinder
and located relatively to each other so that m running position the full carrying
capacity of the passages is limited to a size suitable to effect the ordinary or
running feed, and also located so that upon suitable movement of the said abutment
the passages will be opened to their full conjoint capacity
34 In combination in an equilibrio air-brake mechanism and with the brake
cylinder and train pipe thereof, an emergency and graduation valve independently
acting one to exhaust the train pipe and one to exhaust the cylinder, and a valve-
supporting abutment normally having trun pipe pressure upon one face and
cylinder pressure upon the other face thereof, charge passages through said valves
from the train pipe to the cylinder, and located relatively to each other so that in
running position the full carrying capacity of the passages is limited to a size
suntable to effect the ordinary or running feed, and also located so that upon
suitable movement of the said abutment the passages will be opened to full
capacity, and spring valve controlling the operative size of the passage through
the said graduation valve and acting under cylinder pressure to close the same
35 In combination with the brake cylinder and train pipe of an equilibrio air
brake mechanism, a graduation and an emergency valve closing communication
between the train pipe and cylinder, a passage piercing the said valves and
B

page_text: controlled as to its operative size by the relative movement of the valves, and an
elastic plate or tongue located upon the cylinder side of said valves and acting to
control the operative size of the said passage, whereby the size of the said passage
for the purposes of feed or for the purposes of charging is automatically regulated
by said valve
36 In combination in an equilibrio air brake mechanism and with the train
pipe and brake cylinder thereof, a valve controlling an exhaust port from the
cylinder and one controlling an exhaust port from the train pipe, said valves
being located between the train pipe and cylinder spaces and each provided with a
charging passage located to communicate with that of the other, and means acting
under train-pipe variation of pressure to move said valves relatively to effect the
operative size of said passages
37 In combination with the brake cylinder, reservoir and train pipe or an
equilibrio air brake mechanism, a passage from the reservoir to the train pipe
containing a valve acting normally to hold reservoir air and operable to open the
passage to the train pipe, a cylinder exhaust valve acting in running position as a
partition separating the train pipe and cylinder and provided with a feed passage
having a valve acting to control the operative size of the passage and to close
under cylinder pressure, a valve operating mechanism oppositely acted upon by
maintained train pipe and cylinder pressure and movable under train pipe variation
of pressure to open the exhaust valve and effect a partial or graduation exhaust
from the cylinder and upon closing to open the reservoir valve and effect
equalization of reservoir and train pipe
Dated this 30th day of April 1895
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, WC, Agents for the Applicant