IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND CIRCULATING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS" PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Charles Clarke, of Liverpool, in the County
of Lancaster, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Charles Clarke, of Liverpool, in' the County
of Lancaster, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND CIRCULATING WATER AND
OTHER LIQUIDS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Charles Clarke.
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 1st January 1862.
I, THOMAS JAMES CLARKE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,.
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND CIRCULATING
WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of the bottom.
or fire part of those apparatuses usually built in brickwork, and known as
"cast boilers," such "cast boilers" or apparatus being mostly used for heating.
and circulating water or oil through pipes or tubes for warming greenhouses,.
conservatories, halls, churches, and other buildings.
To obtain a large heating surface and economy of fuel, I cast the said.
apparatus of a cylindrical form with a water jacket around the same, and.
with hollow fire bars across the bottom, so that at the back of almost every
part where the heat impinges there is a water space, and as all the water.
spaces communicate with each other, a circulation is maintained, as is well
known. In the side of the cylindrical casing, before named, there is an

page_text: opening through which to supply fuel, and this is fitted with a hinged door.
Near the bottom there are water supply or return pipes, and near the top are
the exit or hot water discharge pipes, which may be connected to another
boiler placed above or alongside the one just described, so that the water will
be further raised in temperature before discharge into the circulation pipes,
and the waste heat economized. To prevent the waste of fuel in the first
instance, there is a cover or flue plate placed near the top of my improved
boiler to prevent sudden egress of the combustible gases.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Thomas Charles Clarke in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 30th June 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, THOMAS
CHARLES CLARKE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Civil Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Thomas Charles Clake, Her special licence that I, the said
Thomas Charles Clarke, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Thomas Charles Clarke, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF APPARATUS FOR HEATING
AND CIRCULATING WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Thomas Charles Clarke, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Charles Clarke, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to

page_text: be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement (that is to say):-
"
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of the bottom
or fire part of those apparatuses usually built in brickwork, and known as
"cast boilers," such "cast boilers or apparatus being mostly used for heating
and circulating water or oil through pipes or tubes for warming greenhouses,
conservatories, halls, churches, and other buildings.
To obtain a large heating surface and economy of fuel, I cast the said
apparatus of a cylindrical form with a water jacket around the same, and
with hollow fire bars across the bottom, so that at the back of almost every
part where the heat impinges there is a water space, and as all the water.
spaces communicate with each other, a circulation is maintained, as is well
known. In the side of the cylindrical cases, before named, there is an
opening in the brickwork through which to supply fuel. Near the bottom.
there are water supply, or return pipes, and near the top are the exit or hot
water discharge pipes, which may be connected to another boiler placed above,
the one just described, so that the water may be further raised in tempera-
ture before discharge into the circulating pipes, and the waste heat economized.
To prevent the waste of fuel, there is a cover or flue placed on the top of the
boiler to prevent the heat escaping too rapidly, which may be regulated by
the dampers s.
And in order that my said Invention may be thoroughly understood, I have
hereunto appended a Sheet of explanatory Drawings, in which the accessories
for the most beneficial carrying into operation of the said improvements are
also shewn.
Fig. 1 represents in perspective my improved bottom or fire part coupled
or connected to a tubular arrangement of top part, the whole forming a com-
plete boiler; Fig. 2 is a plan view of a deflecting flue plate and regulating
dampers suitable for fixing in brickwork above and with Fig. 1, but more
particularly shewn in position in Fig. 3, which is a vertical and longitudinal
section (at A, B, of Fig. 4) of the same bottom part with a conical top part,
the arrangement of flues being also shewn; and Fig. 4 is a plan section at
C, D, of the construction shewn in Fig. 3. In all the views the same letters
represent like or equivalent parts.
and fire-bars of which are cast,
a denotes my improved boiler, the sides
preferably, in one piece, and the opening in the bottom is then closed by a
ring plate and screws a¹; b, the water spaces in the same, all of which com-
municate with each other; C, the opening for the supply of fuel and lighting
the fire; for the latter purpose it will mostly be used, as I have found that

page_text: the fuel can most conveniently be supplied to the furnace or fire space d
through the opening or aperture e at the top closed by the cover f. The
opening c is not here shewn provided with a door, as such can readily be fitted
by any one acquainted with such work, but it would generally be better to
fix the said door in the brickwork in the usual way; g, a small pipe fitted
with a tap for drawing off water when required; h, the connections for the
water supply or return water of circulation pipes; i, the outlet or outflow
pipes for heated water, and, for the purpose herein-before stated, are here con-
nected to the bends 2, leading into the upper boiler j, near the top of which
are the connections for the outflow water of circulation; 1, brick-setting,
shewing the flues or spaces m for the action of the heat around the top
boiler; p, the deflecting flue plate with raised pieces cast thereon, on which
the dampers q are fitted to slide; », the damper rods which are carried through
and outside the brickwork; s, the exit flues to the chimney.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the best means that I am acquainted with for carrying the same into
effect, I would have it distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to
the precise details or shapes laid down in the Drawings, and herein described,
as such may be variously altered and modified; but what I claim, as the
Invention secured to me, is,-
Firstly, constructing the furnace or fire part of boilers or apparatus for
heating and circulating water with hollow sides and hollow fire bars, sub-
stantially as herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings.
Secondly, in connection with boilers or apparatus for heating and circulating
water, the deflecting flue plate and draught principle, substantially as herein
described and shewn in Figs. 2 and 3 of the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Charles Clarke have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of June, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
THO³. CH. CLARKE. (L.S.)