Improvements in or relating to Water Circulating Apparatus for Steam Generators.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Feb., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 13th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 15th Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Water Circulating Apparatus for
Steam Generators.
I, OSWALD HAMILTON, of the Undershore, Northfleet, Kent, Chemical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved method of providing a more complete and
rapid circulation of the water in steam boilers, whereby the water is kept constantly
and more thoroughly agitated and in active motion so as to more readily absorb
the heat from, and consequently prevent, overheating of, the heating surface of the
boiler; whilst the increased rapidity of the circulating motion accelerates the
evolution of the steam and so prevents any tendancy to prime, as well as ensuring
the production of steam of more regular temperature.
In carrying out my invention I employ a steam motor of any convenient form or
type, which is actuated by steam supplied direct from any convenient part of the
steam space of the boiler with which it is in connection. With the steam cylinder
and piston of this motor, there is combined a steam compressing cylinder of larger
dimensions. Into this second cylinder the steam from the boiler is aspirated, and
is thence returned by suitable pipes and connections, passing down through the
steam space, to the lower portion of the water space under or between, and for
some portion of the length of, the internal flues, where the circulation of the water
is always more sluggish, and where by a suitable arrangement of branch pipes
(perforated or otherwise) the compressed steam is delivered at each stroke of the
apparatus, and by its passage through the body of water, the liquid is kept constantly
agitated and in rapid active circulation.
The apparatus is perfectly automatic; a very small pressure of steam in the
boiler being sufficient to start the motor and to keep it, together with the
compressor, in motion; and when the cylinder of the motor, and that of
the compressor, are properly proportioned, no cocks or starting valve need be
employed, except for the purpose of convenience. The relative sizes of the steam
compressing cylinder and the steam cylinder of the motive power, and the amount
of steam required for the latter purpose, of course depend on the friction, the
resistance of the pipes, radiation, and the depth of the liquid in the boiler.
The steam compressor may of course be independently operated, as by a belt, or
in any other suitable manner.
By this improved method of circulating the water in steam generators,
superbeating of steam, overheating of the plates and tendancy to priming is
avoided; incrustation is prevented; an increased production of steam of regular
temperature is effected, and the maximum economical effect is obtained from
the fuel.
Dated this 13th dow of February 1894.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Water Circulating Apparatus for
Steam Generators.
I, OSWALD HAMILTON, of the Undershore, Northfleet, Kent, Chemical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to an improved method of providing a more complete and
rapid circulation of the water in steam boilers, whereby the water is kept constantly
and more thoroughly agitated and in active motion so as to more rapidly absorb
the heat from, and consequently prevent overheating of, the heating surface of the
boiler whilst the increased rapidity of the circulating motion accelerates the
evolution of the steam and so prevents any tendancy to prime, as well as ensuring
the production of steam at more regular temperature.
In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1. is a part sectional front elevation, Fig. 2.
is a sectional end elevation through A. B. and Fig. 3. is a plan.
In carrying out my invention, I employ a steam motor a, Figs. 1. 2 & 3, of any
convenient form or type, which is actuated by steam supplied direct from any
convenient part of the steam space of the boiler, through the pipe b, with which it
is in connection.
With the steam cylinder c, and piston of this motor a, there is combined a steam
compressing cylinder d, of larger dimensions. Into this second cylinder d, the
steam from the boiler is aspirated through pipe e, and is thence returned through
suitable pipes, and connections, passing down through the steam space under or
between, and for some portion of the length of, the internal flues, where the
circulation of the water is always more sluggish, and where by a suitable arrange-
ment of branch pipes g. 9, (perforated or otherwise) the compressed steam is
delivered at each stroke of the apparatus and by its passage through the body of
water, the liquid is kept constantly agitated and in active circulation.
The apparatus is perfectly automatic; a very small pressure of steam in the
boiler being sufficient to start the motor a and to keep it, together with the
compressor d, in motion, and when the cylinder e of the motor a, and that of
the compressor d, are properly proportioned, no cocks or starting valve need be
employed, except for the purpose of convenience. The relative sizes of the steam
compressing cylinder d, and the steam cylinder c, of the motive power, and the
amount of steam required for the latter purpose, of course depend on the friction,
the resistance of the pipes, radiation, and the depth of the liquid in the boiler.
The steam compressor may of course be independently operated, as by a belt, or
in any other suitable manner.
By this improved method of circulating the water in the steam generator,
superheating of steam, overheating of the plates, and tendancy to priming are
avoided; incrustation is prevented; and increased production of steam of regular
temperature is effected, and the maximum economical effect is obtained from
the fuel.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
The improved method of providing a more complete and rapid circulation of the
water in steam boilers, whereby the water is kept constantly and more thoroughly
agitated and in active motion so as to more rapidly absorb the heat from, and
consequently prevent overheating of, the heating surface of the boiler; whilst the
increased rapidity of the circulating motion accelerates the evolution of the steam

page_text: and so prevents any tendancy to prime, as well as ensuring the production of steam
at more regular temperature, substantially as herein described and shown by the
drawing.
Death of November 1901
OSWALD HAMILTON.