Improvements in or relating to Loom Shedding and Change Box Mechanism.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 15th July, 1891-Accepted, 19th Sept., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Loom Shedding and Change Box
Mechanism.
1, JAMES MORRISON of 72, Burnley Road, Colue, in the County of Lancaster,
Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The first part of my invention relates to "split-ups," that is to say, two or more
pieces woven in the same loom, and connected together by the same weft-threads;
the binder threads at the edges or selvedges of each piece being crossed over
in leno fashion to fix the selvedges. The connecting weft threads are severed
the lengthway of the fabric, for the separation of the pieces, either during the
process of weaving or after it has left the loom.
The improvements consist in the employment of a tumbler mounted on a stud
fixed midway on the "top tree" of the loom. To this tumbler are attached the
healds actuating the adjoining binder threads. These healds are connected to
elastics in the usual way. The tumbler may be actuated from any convenient
moving part of the loom. Two needles are employed having their eyes and
points projecting upwards, and through the eyes the stationary warp threads at
the sides of the fabric pass. With the tilting motion of the tumbler, the binder
threads are moved laterally from one side to the other alternately over the points
of the needles, by which the crossing of the binder threads is effected.
The second part of my invention relates more particularly to circular-box
motions, and is designed to reduce the length of the pattern surface usually
employed to bring into action at distant intervals weft of different colour. This
part of my invention consists in an arrangement, by which I am enabled to reduce
to a considerable extent the length of the pattern surface. The card cylinder
is actuated by means of a double catch or pallet, which strides the ratchet wheel
of the said cylinder, and has a to and fro motion imparted to it, so that when
the hook or catch on one side is thrown upon the teeth of the ratchet, the
cylinder will be turned in one direction, and in the other when the catch is
thrown on the opposite side of the ratchet. This throwing to and fro of the
pallet is effected by the absence or presence of a projection on the card or pattern
surface. This projection acts upon a lever preferably situated between the two
ordinary feelers or levers bearing on the pattern surface, raising a traversing
catch out of contact with another pattern cylinder having two feelers. These
are connected respectively to two tumblers in contact with the vertical legs of the
first feelers.
When a projection on the first cylinder is present, the actuating catch of the
second cylinder is brought into action, so as to present a projection on the second
cylinder. This projection may be of sufficient width to raise one or other or
both feelers of the second cylinder, by which means one or other or both tumblers
are made to press against one or both vertical legs of the first feelers, so that
whatever indication there might be on the first card cylinder, and not required,
will be rectified by the feelers and tumblers of the second indication obstructing
the action of the first feelers.
The vaulting or tilting of the pallet or actuating catches of the first cylinder
may be effected by means of a projection or projections on the cards of the second
cylinder acting upon a lever, which is in connection with the pallet, so as to draw
it in one direction, but when the projection or projections are absent, the pallet
is moved the reverse way by the tension of a spring.
Dated this 22nd day of January 1891
THOS. RICHMOND,
Agent.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Loom Shedding and Change Box
Mechanism.
I, JAMES MORRISON of 72, Burnley Road, Colne in the County of Lancaster,
Overlooker, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
The first part of my invention relates to "split-ups" that is to say, two or more
pieces woven in the same loom, and connected together by the same weft threads;
the binder threads at the edges or selvedges of each piece being crossed over in
leno fashion to fix the selvedges. The connecting weft threads are severed the
length way of the fabric, for the separation of the pieces, either during the process
of weaving, or after it has left the loom.
The improvements consist in the employment of a tumbler mounted on a stud
fixed midway on the "top-tree" of the loom. To this tumbler are attached the
healds actuating the adjoining binder threads. These healds are connected to
elastics in the usual way.
The tumbler may be actuated from any convenient moving part of the loom.
Two needles are employed having their eyes and points projecting upwards, and
through the eyes the stationary warp threads of the fabric pass. With the tilting
motion of the tumbler these binder threads are moved laterally from one side to the
other, alternately over the points of the needles, by which the crossing of the
binder threads is effected.
The second part of my invention relates more particularly to circular box
motions, and is designed to reduce the length of the pattern surface usually
employed to bring into action at distant intervals weft of different colour. This
part of my invention consists in an arrangement, by which I am enabled to reduce
to a considerable extent the length of the pattern surface. The card cylinder is
actuated by means of a double catch or pallet, which strides the ratchet-wheel of
the said cylinder, and has a to and fro motion imparted to it, so that when the hook
or catch on one side is thrown upon the teeth of the ratchet, the cylinder will be
turned in one direction, and in the other when the catch or pallet is thrown on the
opposite side of the ratchet. This throwing to and fro of the pallet is effected by
the absence or presence of a projection on the card or pattern surface. A similar
projection may also act upon a lever preferably situated between the two ordinary
feelers or levers on the main or first pattern cylinder. On the removal of the
projection from the lever a traversing catch is raised out of contact with the
ratchet of another or second pattern cylinder having two feelers respectively
attached to or in contact with the first named feelers.
When the projection on the first cylinder is presented, the actuating catch of the
second cylinder is brought into action, so as to present a projection on the latter
cylinder. This projection may be of sufficient width to raise one or other or both
of the second feelers, which are capable of acting on one or both of the first feelers,
so that whatever indications there might be on the first card cylinder, and not
required will be rectified by the feelers of the second indication obstructing the
action of the first feelers.
The vaulting or tilting of the pallet or actuating catches of the first cylinder
may be effected by means of a projection or projections on the cards of the second
cylinder acting upon a lever, which is in connection with the pallet, so as to draw
it in one direction but when the projection or projections are absent, the pallet is
moved the reverse way by the tension of a spring.
In the accompanying drawings,
Figs. 1 and 2 are respectively end and back elevations of a power loom, to
which my improved apparatus for securing the edges or selvages of "split-ups" is
annlind

page_text: Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are detached views, enlarged, of some of the principal parts of
the apparatus.
Fig. 6 is a partial end view of a power loom, to which my improved apparatus
for reducing the length of the pattern surfaces of box looms is applied.
Fig. 7 is a plan and Fig. 8 is a partial front elevation of the same.
Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 are detached views of mechanism relating to the said
apparatus.
In Figs. 1 and 2, A is a pendant, which is supported at B, and projects through
the warp between the two adjoining edges or selvages to be "split-up" or severed.
On each side of the pendant A are formed openings A' and A, seen in Figs. 2 and 5,
in which project upwards needles C and C¹. Through the eye of each needle is
drawn a warp thread having no vertical movement. Each of these warp threads is
accompanied by a crossing or binder thread drawn respectively through the eyes D'
and D of the healds D, and through A' and A² of the pendant A. The healds D
are attached to elastics D³ below and above at B' to a tumbler or cranked lever E
fixed to a pulley having around its circumference grooves E' and E. The said
tumbler is mounted on the stud F secured to bracket F, and has a reciprocating
motion in one direction by spring G, and in the other by cord H through the
medium of eccentric or cam I and lever I', seen in Figs. 1 and 2. When, therefore,
the point of attachment of the healds D to the tumbler or cranked lever is moved
by the latter to the horizontal position seen in dotted lines in Fig. 3, the crossing
threads, passing through the eyes D' and D2 of the healds D, will be raised clear
of the points of the needles C and C, at which time the said crossing threads pass
over the stationary threads to the other side of the needles from right to left and
sink on the depression of the tumbler as seen in Figs. 1, 3 and 4 to the depth
requisite for the shed. When the tumbler is again raised from the vertical to a
horizontal position contrary to that previously mentioned the crossing threads will
then transfer themselves from left to right of the needles and the stationary threads
by the cast imparted to them by the tumbler, which then descends to form the
opposite shed. The crossing threads being thus alternately affected secure in leno
fashion the edges or selvedges of the fabric to be secured or slit-up.
I will now describe the second part of my invention relating to rotary box
motions, as represented in Figs. 6, 7 and 8. J and K are respectively the first and
second indicating cylinders, with which my improved apparatus is supplied, the
latter being mounted on the arbor of the former. To the said arbor, I fix a ratchet
or pegged wheel L, having two pawls or catches L1 and L2, which are carried by
stud L³, fixed to lifting bar M. The catch L', unless otherwise interfered with, as
hereinafter described, is held in contact with the wheel by the spring L, the
catch L being held out of contact by the link L', which connects the two catches
together.
The parts of mechanism indicated by the letters M, M1, M2, M3 and M' are
similarly constructed and perform the same functions as those ordinarily used, and
being well understood are not further described. To the inner or second
cylinder K, I fix ratchet wheel N, which is provided with an actuating catch N1
carried by stud N2 fixed to the lifting bar M. This catch is held out of contact
with the ratchet N by lever N³ connected by spring N' to the catch N', and for
this purpose, the said lever bears upon the nose or incline of the catch N¹, seen in
Figs. 6 and 11, unless a peg or like projection is present as represented in Fig. 11A
to relieve the lever N³ from the catch N', which then engages with the ratchet or
pegged wheel N. The actuating catches of both the first and second cylinders are
moved in or out of action by the absence or presence of pegs or like projections on
the card surfaces or the like, with which both cylinders are supplied.
The second cylinder K is provided with two indicating feelers or levers K¹
and K2, having arms J and J, attached to or branching from their respective
levers, and which act on their behalf as feelers on the card surface of the first
cylinder J. These levers and arms are each provided with a projecting pin to act
in the perforations of the card surface of their respective cylinders, unless otherwise

page_text: obstructed by a reverse indication or blank on the card surface on the contrary
cylinder.
In the description so far proceeded with, the first cylinder is alone in motion,
and in a forward direction, whilst the second cylinder is inoperative.
To reverse the motion of the first cylinder, the cranked lever O, having its
centre at O on the bracket 02 (seen in Fig. 9) is raised by a peg or like projection
on the card surface of the second cylinder, and is so disposed when raised as to
throw back catech L' and engage catch L2 with the ratchet or pegged wheel L.
Immediately this peg or like projection is removed the catch L' re-engages itself
with the ratchet or pegged wheel L, as hereinbefore described, and at the same
time forcing back catch L to its former position. The duration of this reverse
motion will depend upon the number of pegs or like projections, which may follow
each other in succession on the pattern surface of the second cylinder.
To arrest and stop the first card cylinder, it is simply requisite to bring up a peg
or a succession of pegs of half length on the second cylinder, when both catches L
and L2 will be placed out of contact with ratchet or pegged wheel L. For this
purpose, the gap between the two catches L1 and L2 is determined by link L'.
In all cases, however, when a half peg is presented on the second cylinder to
arrest and stop the action of the first cylinder, a peg on the pattern surface of the
last named cylinder is simultaneously brought under lever N³, which is thus raised
out of contact with the nose or incline of the catch N¹, which then engages itself
with the teeth of the ratchet N and actuates the second cylinder.
I would observe that by arresting changing and reversing the motion of the
cylinders, as above described, a variety of indications may be effected with a com-
parative limited length of card or pattern surface on each cylinder. The
indications on the pattern surface of one cylinder at times, when not required,
being interfered with by blanks on the other, as may be desired.
With my improved apparatus constructed and actuated as above described, I am
enabled to weave in succession in the fabric, 2, 6, 10, 14 or like number of picks of
any given colour, not divisible by 4, in addition to those so divisible, and which I
believe is not accomplished by any other index motion previously applied to rotary
box looms.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that, what I
claim is :-
1. In an apparatus for securing the edges or selvages of split-ups, tumbler E
acting substantially as described.
2. In an apparatus for securing the edges or selvages of splits or slits, the
general arrangement and combination of the parts, substantially as described and
illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.
3. The arrangement of mechanism for arresting, changing and reversing the
motion of the cylinders of rotary box looms, substantially as described and
illustrated.
4. The employment of a pattern surface having pegs or projections full and half
size, substantially as described.
Dated this 14th day of Tule 1001
THOS. RICHMOND,
Agent.