A COOKING MACHINE FOR THE MORE SIMPLE AND EFFECTUAL DECOMPOSITION OF SALT WATER, AND RENDER THE SAID SALT WATER MORE USEFUL TO THE GENERAL PURPOSES OF A SHIP'S CREW AT SEA, WITHOUT ANY EXTRA APPARATUS EXCEPT THE SAID COOKING MACHINE; OR, IN OTHER WORDS, ITS STRUCTURE WILL ANSWER THE END OF A WORN OR CONDENSER AND WORM TUB, &c. &c.
Year: 1818

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
FRASER, of Long Acre, in the Parish of Saint Martin-in-the-Fields, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer and Coppersmith, send greeting.
WHEREAS I did, by Petition, humbly represent to His present Majesty
King George the Third that I had invented "A COOKING MACHINE FOR THE
MORE SIMPLE AND EFFECTUAL DECOMPOSITION OF SALT WATER, AND RENDER THE
SAID SALT WATER MORE USEFUL TO THE GENERAL PURPOSES OF A SHIP'S CREW AT
SEA, WITHOUT ANY EXTRA APPARATUS EXCEPT THE SAID COOKING MACHINE; OR,
IN OTHER WORDS, ITS STRUCTURE WILL ANSWER THE END OF A WORN OR CONDENSER
AND WORM TUB, &c. &c.;" His Majesty was pleased to issue His Letters Patent
under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at Westminster, the
Fifteenth day of January, in the fifty-eighth year of His reign, which Letters
Patent do give and grant unto me, the said James Fraser, and to my exors,
adñiors, and assigns, or to my and their servants and agents, His said
Majesty's especial licence to make, use, exercise, and vend my said Invention
within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and to have
and enjoy the whole profit and advantage arising by reason of the said
Invention during the term of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters
Patent, for which His Majesty also requires and strictly commands all His
subjects whatever, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-
Tweed, that during the continuance of the said term of fourteen years they
shall not, directly or indirectly, make, use, or put in practice my said Inven-
tion, or any part of it, or in anyways counterfeit, imitate, or resemble the
same; the said Letters Patent also contain a proviso obliging me, the said

page_text: James Fraser, to particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instru-
ment in writing under my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled
in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery within two calendar months
after the date of the said Letters Patent, as in and by the same, relation
being thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in fulfilment of the said proviso, I, the said
James Fraser, have executed this Instrument, by which I do declare that
my Invention is described and ascertained in manner following (that is
to say)-
My new-invented cooking machine effects the distillation of sea water,
and converts the same into fresh water for the use of a ship's crew, by the heat
of the same fire that is employed for cooking, and without any extra apparatus
except the said cooking machine, because the same vessels which contains the
water and the victuals to be cooked by the heat of the steam or vapour of
boiling sea water are made to answer the end of a worm or condenser and
worm tub, viz, to cool and condense such steam or vapour, and so produce
fresh water. The sea-water is boiled-and-converted into steam in a boiler-or
.vessel so constructed as to be heated by the surplus heat of an open fire, at
which roasting or the ordinary opperations of cooking can and may be per-
performed in addition to the cooking which may at the same time be going on
in the vessels which are heated by the steam of the sea water issuing from the
boiler, to which other extra fires are applied for quickening the process; or,
when cooking in these vessels is not required, they may be filled with coll
sea water, which will condense the said steam, and convert it into fresh water.
Therefore my cooking will serve for cooking with an open fire, and also by
steam, or without any alteration or additional apparatus it will serve for the
distillation of fresh water from sea water. And, further, the remaining heat
of the fire is applied to heat certain ovens or roasters, so situated as to receive
the greatest degree of heat from the flame or smoke after it has ceased to
opperate upon the sea water in the boiler. By this means the greatest effect is
produced from the combustion of a given quantity of fuel. My cooking
machine is so constructed as to combine all these properties in one machine,
which is made in metal, and in a very compact form. To enable persons
conversant with the construction of culinary apparatus to make my machine,.I
have hereunto annexed three Sheets of Drawings, and the following description
thereof:
No. 1 is an elevation in front of the whole machine, and No. 2.a section
thereof with the front removed. No. 3 is a transverse section through the

page_text: middle of the machine; No. 4, a horizontal section, and No. 5 a horizontal
plan taken in a lower plan than. No. 1. In all the Figures A represents the
front bars of the fire grate, and B the bottom bars. The back and sides of the
fireplace are part of the metal plate C, which forms the front side of the
boiler C, D, containing the salt water, so that the fireplace space, or space in.
which the burning fuel is contained, is surrounded at the back and on both
sides by the water contained in the said boiler; or, in other words, the fireplace.
is in a recess made for that purpose in the front side C of the boiler, leaving
the fire open in front and at the top for the facility of roasting or cooking in
the usual manner. The heat of fire is thus in part communicated to the
water in the boiler C, but to increase the heat and convert the water into steam,.
flame, air, and smoke. from the fire proceeds through certain flues or passages
E, E, which extend horizontally beneath part of the bottom of the boiler, and
the flame, air, and smoke is conducted upwards through tubes or perpendicular
flues F, which are surrounded by the sea water contained in the boiler C, D,
and heat is thus communicated to the water through the metal of which the
flues F are made. These perpendicular flues F convey the flame upwards to:
certain ovens or roasters G, G, round which the flame, circulates in flues H, H,
so as to give heat to the said ovens or roasters, and afterwards these flues join
with the chimney at I, I, so as to convey the smoak away. By these means:
the heat of the same fire which serves for all the purposes of a common open
fire at A, also heats the water in the boiler C, D, and is then applied to the .
ovens G, G. At the back of the fireplace there is a part of the boiler or head
which rises up, as shewn by K, No. 3, and is properly adapted to contain the.
steam which rises from the sea water. This boiler head occupies all the space..
between the two ovens G, G, at the back of the fire at the back of the fire, so
that no room is lost. At the top of the boiler head 'K is a safety valve K, to.
allow the steam to escape if it becomes too strong. Also the steam pipes.
L, L, proceed from the boiler head to convey the steam to the cooking and
distilling vessells L, which I shall now describe. M is a large vessel which is
situated behind the boiler, but is separated therefrom by an empty space N
left between them. Within. this large vessel several small rectangular or.
other shaped vessels L, L, L, are placed, which vessels are not quite so deep
as the large vessel M, in order to leave some space m between the bottom
of the vessels L and the bottom of the great vessel M; neither are the
said vessels L of such size as to fill all the capacity of vessel M, but they
are so fixed within the same as to leave a thin space beneath and around each
vessel, into which space the steam is conducted by the pipe l. And the said
vessels L are formed with projecting flances around the upper edges by means

page_text: off which they are joined together at the top, and also joined to the bars of a
frame n, n, No. 5, which is fastened over the top of the large vessel M, and
resembles the frame of a window sash, as is clear in the Figure. The pro-
jecting flanches of the small vessels L, L, are screwed or otherwise fastened
down to these bars so as to make close joints, and by this means the steam
which is introduced into the thin spaces between the different vessels L by
the pipes cannot escape therefrom, but the heat of the said steam is
transmitted through the mettal of which the vessels L are formed, and is
communicated to those water contained in the vessels, and when the action is
continued long enough will make the water boil so as to cook any victuals put
therein for that purpose. r is another steam pipe, which is conducted from
the top of the boiler, and turns down into one of the vessels L, and such a
pipe may be provided for each vessel. The steam passes through this pipe
when the cock is opened, and issues from the lower end or mouth of the pipe
beneath the water contained in the vessel L, and will then communicate the
heat inore rapidly than it can be transmitted through the bottom or sides of
the vessels; or by this pipe steam may be conveyed into the vessels to cool
victuals without water; or both cocks may be used when active cbulition is
wanted. The vessels L may be provided with plates or shelves within them
at different heights, to support the victuals, in the usual manner of steamers.
When the cooking vessels L are filled with cold water for the purpose of
cooking, the steam which comes in contact with the extensive surfaces
of these vessels will be cooled, in consequence of communicating its heat
to the contents of these vessels, and is thereby condensed into water, which
will be fresh water, and which will fall down into the space beneath the
bottom of the vessels L, as shewn in No. 3, from which space the water
runs down by the pipe t into a tank placed below the deck. The water
having a considerable descent through this pipe and into the tank, will fall
with some force upon a mass of stone or other irregular figure, which serves
as a break water for the water to dash upon, and break or disperse the water
into drops; or for the same purpose a sieve or strainer may be fixed in the
tank for the water to fall through, and to divide it into a shower of drops. A
constant current of fresh air is made to pass through the tank, and act upon
the water is this divided state, thereby to communicate to the water, as far as
may be, that air which was separated by the boiling, and make it more like
river water. The current of air is drawn through the tank by an air pipe,
which communicates with the space N between the large vessel M that
contains the steaming vessels and the back of the boiler; the air in the space
will be sufficiently heated to ascend and cause a current through the air pipe

page_text: and tank. During the time that the water in the cooking vessels is actually
boiling (or when steam is introduced into the vessels in order to cook victuals
contained in them), it is evident that the steam surrounding them cannot bo
condensed, but at all other times the condensation will go on more or less; but
when the apparatus is not immediately employed in cooking, then the vessel
L may be filled with cold sea water, which must be changed when it becomes
hot; or the water in one of the vessels may be reserved till it becomes warm,
and from this the boiler may be replenished when necessary by means of a
cock and pipe communicating between this vessel and the boiler. When the
apparatus is in full work an increase of heat may be produced by placing a
small fire upon the grating beneath the boiler on each side at P, No. 2, which
conveys heat like the flue E to the tunnel F; and there is an air door on
each side in the ash-hole. To admit the air to these grates a door is made in
the front side of the boiler head, as shewn in No. 8, in order to fill the boiler,
or to clean it occasionally, and similar doors may be placed at the ends of the
boiler, as shewn in No. 2. As there is some space beneath the large
vessel M which contains the steaming vessels L, it may be occupied occa-
sionally by other steaming vessels put therein, as into a closet, the steain
being conveyed into such vessels by means of one or more pipes, as marked p,
which have a taper end projecting into the closet, which end can be inserted
into a spout or short pipe soldered to the steam vessel which is placed in the
closet. In like manner hot closets may be placed above the ovens G, and a
steam pipe may be conveyed from the boiler up to such hot clossets, which
clossets may have steams placed in them if required. This machine. is of a
size proper for a large ship, but a smaller machine may be made with a boiler
which is shorter at one end, and a smaller steaming apparatus may be placed
at the end of the boiler instead of at the back of the fire, having but one
oven and one flue, right hand or left, as marked F, as before described.
Having now described my machine, I do hereby declare that I do not make
claim to all and every thing contained therein when in a separate or un-
combined state; but my Invention consists principally in the combination of
all the parts together to form a whole machine, such as herein-before described,
for the joint purpose of cooking and distilling sea water without any additional
apparatus; and also in making a flue or flues to pass through the water of
the boiler, for the joint purpose of heating the water in the boiler and the
oven above it at the same time; and, lastly, in applying a breakwater and
current of air to act upon the distilled water when in a divided state. The
scales attached to the Drawings will shew the dimensions, but the dimensions
and the materials, and the manner of joining the work together, may be left