IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BEARINGS AND AXLE BOXES FOR MACHINERY, CARRIAGES, AND RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Philippi, of the Iron Works, at Stromberg,
in the Kingdom of Prussia, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF BEARINGS AND AXLE BOXES FOR MACHINERY, CARRIAGES, AND
RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK."
Sealed the 30th June 1863, and dated the 3rd January 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Philippi at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd January 1863.
I, WILLIAM PHILIPPI, of the Iron Works, at Stromberg, in the Kingdom of
Prussia, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BEARINGS AND AXLE BOXES FOR MACHINERY, CARRIAGES,
AND RAILWAY ROLLING STOCK," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of certain improvements in the manufacture and
construction of bearings and axle boxes suitable for machinery, carriages, and
railway rolling stock. I propose to cut out or channel the interior of the
axle box or bearing, and to fill up the grooves or channels so formed with a
composition or mixture of the following ingredients, viz., paper, hemp, crushed
woody fibres or vegetable matter, 20 parts; linseed oil or other drying oils,
2 parts; gypsum, 1 part; arsenic, 1 part; black lead, 2 parts; talc, 1 part;
burnt lime, 1 part. This mixture or composition is to be dried after it has
been placed in the channels and afterwards to be pressed by means of a wooden
patten so as to get the exact shape of the axletree or shaft, which therefore
bears partly upon the metal box or bearing and partly on the composition.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Philippi in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd July 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
PHILIPPI, of the Iron Works, at Stromberg, in the Kingdom of Prussia, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of January, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Philippi, Her special licence that I, the said William Philippi,
iny executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Philippi, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF BEARINGS AND AXLE BOXES FOR MACHINERY, CARRIAGES, AND RAILWAY
ROLLING STOCK," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Philippi, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Philippi, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
forined, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This Invention consists of certain improvements in the manufacture and
construction of bearings and axle-boxes suitable for machinery, carriages, and
railway rolling stock.
In order that my said Invention may be prefectly understood, I now proceed
to describe the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the same into
practical effect, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of illustrative
Drawings, and to figures and letters of reference marked thereon, "similar
letters denoting corresponding parts in each of the Figures respectively.
Fig. 1 being a transverse section; Fig 2, a longitudinal section through

page_text: the line M, N, of Fig. 3, which is a plan view of a journal or bearing. The
transverse section is taken through the line O, P. I cut or hollow out the
bearing as shewn by the spaces a, b, c, d, or in some such similar form, into
which spaces I press the herein-after described mixture. I cut up into small
pieces ten pounds of paper, and add to it six pounds of linseed oil. I well
mix and stir up the two, and sprinkle thereon a mixture of three pounds of
graphite and three pounds of gypsum, and press the whole into a homo-
geneous mass, and place so much of the material produced in the hollowing of
the bearing as is necessary to fill the same under a pressure of three atmo-
spheres.
In order to give it the proper form, I make use of a turned iron cylinder,
having the form of the axis which is to work in the bearing. When the
pressure is given, I place the bearing for 24 hours in a temperature of about
150 degrees "Reaumur." Instead of the linseed oil, I can substitute any
other drying oil, glue, or gum. Instead of the paper, broken up cotton, linen,
hemp, or wood. Instead of the graphite, talc, arsenic, or oxyde of lead.
These substitutes do not, however, produce such a good material as that first
described.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would remark in conclusion that I do
not restrict myself to the exact details and configuration of parts described and
shewn, as the construction of the hollow spaces may be modified or varied,
and the proportions of the various ingredients may be changed without
departing from the principles of the Invention; but what I claim and desire
to be secured to me by the herein in part recited Letters Patent, is, the appli-
cation of the mixture to or in conjunction with the hollow spaces, constituting
the " Improvements in the Manufacture of Bearings and Axle-boxes for
Machinery, Carriages, and Railway Rolling Stock, as herein specified."
In witness whereof, I, the said William Philippi, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of June, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-three.
Witness,
JOH. ALEX. FILLINGE,
Merchand.
WILLIAM PHILIPPI. (L.S.)