IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR APPLYING COMBUSTIBLE GAS TO THE PURPOSES OF HEAT
Year: 1840

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
DELBRUCK, of Oxford. Street, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present. most. Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Tenth day of September, in the fourth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Charles
Delbrück, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that
I, the said Charles Delbrück, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Charles Delbrück, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR APPLYING COMBUSTIBLE GAS TO THE PURPOSES OF HEAT,"
communicated to me by a certain Foreigner residing abroad; in which said
Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the said Charles Delbrück, shall
cause a particular description of the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in, and by the
same, reference being thereunto. had, will, more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Charles Delbrück, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
that is to say:
The Invention relates, first, to a mode of constructing apparatus to be used
as a hand tool for joining metals;
Secondly, to a mode of heating surfaces for mechanical and manufacturing
purposes, by causing a series of jets of atmospheric air to be propelled through
or near to gas permitted to flow through a chamber or chambers; and
Thirdly, the Invention relates to a node of consuming gas in pipes or tubes,
by propelling jets of atmospheric air into such pipes or tubes, for applying the
heat thereby obtained to evaporate fluids, and other useful purposes.
And in order that the Invention may be most fully understood, I will pro-
ceed to describe the Drawings hereunto annexed, and the figures and letters
marked thereon.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
A is the
Figure 1 represents the section of a hand tool for joining metals.
handle by which the workman holds the tool when using the same for soldering
purposes; B is the tube through which the inflamable gas passes; and C is
an internal tube through which the atmospheric air passes.
D is the copper
bit, which is heated by the flame of gas which flows from the open end of the
tube B, and the intensity of the flame is regulated by the pressure of the air
passing from the small hole in the nozel of the tube C. I usually employ air
propelled through the tube C, by a pressure equal to four to five inches of water
or more, the workman varying such pressure as he wishes to make the flame
more or less intense by means of a stopcock. E is a flexible tube, which
conducts the gas to the gas tube; and F is a flexible tube, by which the
atmospheric air is conducted to the air tube, which also has a stopcock to
regulate the flow. I would here remark that this tool is to be used in a similar
manner to the tools described in the Specification of a Patent granted to Luke
Hebert, of Camden Town, in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, bearing
date at Westminster, the Thirty-first day of May, One thousand eight hundred
and thirty-eight, for a new and improved method or methods of uniting or
soldering metallic substances, and which Patent has been assigned to me; and
the novelty of construction consists in the circumstance of having the tubes B, C,
one within the other, and the gas and air only coming together at or about the

page_text: point of combustion when the air is passed through the internal tube. The
tool being shewn suitable for consuming gas at the ordinary pressure of gas
supplied by gas works; and in the event of using the tool to join metals by the
direct action of the jet of flame, then the copper bit" is to be removed;
and it should be stated that there may be several tubes C, producing each a
jet of air in an enlarged tube B, when a large tool is used.
I will now proceed to explain the second part of the Invention, which
relates to a mode of obtaining a series of jets of flame for heating an extent of
surface. Figure 2 shews a section of an apparatus made according to this
part of the Invention. Figure 3 shews a plan of Figure 2; and Figure 4
shews a transverse section of the same apparatus. Bis a chamber, open at the
upper part; at the lower part there is a gas pipe, which is to have a stopcock
to regulate the supply of gas to the upper chamber B. It will be evident that
if the gas flowing through the chamber B be lighted, and the combustion
simply supported by the surrounding atmosphere, there would be a single
flame, which may be very properly called a soft flame, having little intensity of
heat, and in such form would simply represent an enlarged flame of gas which
would be of little value for heating purposes; but when supplied with a series
of jets of air, the single flame will be converted into as many flames as jets of
air; and such flames may be made more or less intense or sharp in their action
by the degree of pressure to which the air supplied to the jets is subjected; and
I apply the air under a pressure equal to three inches upward to one or two
feet of water, depending on the intensity desired; and in using the apparatus
the workman regulates the supply and consequent pressure of the air by a stop-
cock. C, C, are tubes passing horizontally across the chamber B, having each
several small holes pierced therein, through which the atmospheric air is forced;
and I would remark that, in supplying air to such apparatus, it is desirable to have
the blast as uniform as possible, for which purpose the air from the blowing
machinery should force the air into a large vessel or regulator, as is well
understood in various manufactures in regulating blasts of air, or the air may
be supplied from a vessel similar to a gasometer. The apparatus above
described may be extended to any desired size depending on the extent of surface
to be heated thereby, and thus may a very uniform heat be obtained throughout
the whole surface so heated, and at the same time the temperature may be raised
or lowered by varying the pressure at which the air is supplied by a stopcock,
as before stated. Figure 5 shows the section of a tube or pipe to which heat
is to be obtained by consuming gas therein, by means of jets of atmospheric
air propelled into the same. B represents a tube through which gas is
permitted to flow, and C is another tube through which atmospheric air is

page_text: to be propelled, there being numerous holes formed in an inclined direction in
such manner as to cause the general current to pass through the tube in the
direction of the arrows, the tube B opening into a chimney or flue at its
further end, and the gas is supplied by a pipe at the other end. If the.gns be
lighted, and the air forced in jets through the openings of the pipe C, there will
be a number of jets or flames equal. to the jets of air; and thus may-a number
of jets be kept burning within a tube or pipe, or such like chamber, and the
heat thereby produced made more or-less intense, depending on the pressure
of the air supplied, which is regulated by a stopcock, as before explained.
It will be evident that if one, or more of such. tubes B.be introduced and
affixed in boilers or vessels containing fluids such fluids would be heated, and,
if desired, the extent of heating snrface may be such as to evaporate the same
more or less quickly. Figure 6 shews the section of another tube or pipe.
In this case the gas tube B is on the interior of the pipe C, but the effect of
working will be the same. Figure 7 shews another arrangement of pipes or
tubes affixed side by side, the jets of air being propelled into the gas contained
in the tube-B in an inclined direction, as before explained. By either of these
modes of apparatus the gas will be consumed in the form of a series of jets
within the tube or pipe B, and by such means the tube or pipe B
may be
quickly made red hot, when not surrounded by fluid or other matter, which
will quickly carry off the heat so obtained to the tube or pipe B, or by lowering
the degree of pressure at which the jets of air are supplied the temperature
of the tube may be regulated to almost any required degree below red, heat,
and with considerable uniformity, notwithstanding the tube may be several
feet long. Such means of heating tubes or pipes may therefore, in addition to
being highly useful for heating and evaporating fluids, in suitable vessels be.
applied to other useful purposes.
Having thus described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of per-
forming the same, I would remark that I am aware that gas has been before
used as a means of communicating heat for various purposes, and inflam-
mable gas has before been combined with atmospheric air under pressure, and
used as a tool or instrument for joining metals; I do not therefore claim the
same generally, but only when the apparatus for consuming inflamable gas for
applying heat for various purposes are constructed according to the modes
above described. But what I claim is,-
First, the mode of constructing an apparatus or tool for joining metals by
combining the air and gas tubes or pipes thereof one within the other, and
bring the gas and air together at or about the point of combustion, when the
air passes through the interior tube, as above described;

page_text: Secondly, I claim the mode of constructing apparatus for consuming gas
when applying it for the purpose of producing heat, by causing a series of jets
of air to be propelled amongst or near a flame of gas, as described in respect
to Figures 2, 3, and 4; and
Thirdly, I claim the mode of applying jets of air into a tube or pipe through
which inflammable gas is passing, as described in respect to Figures 5, 6,
and 7.
And in conclusion I would remark that, when speaking of inflammable gas,
I prefer to use the carburetted hydrogen gas of gas works when cheapness is
considered, and pure hydrogen when great intensity of flame is required.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Delbrück, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Tenth day of March, One thousand eight hundred
and fanty one