provements in Adjustable Spanners.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 4th June, 1890-Accepted, 12th July, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Adjustable Spanners.
1, JOHN WINKLESS, Senior, of Grant Street, in the City of Birmingham, Fitter, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to double-headed adjustable spanners, and consists in forming
them of two longitudinal and adjustable halves, which admit of the jaws being opened
out, or brought together, (for taking varying sized nuts,) by a sliding movement, and
when in an adjusted position, the said halves are affixed by means hereinafter
described.
In carrying out my said invention, I make the spanner of two longitudinally
directed halves or split parts, which when in position, lie evenly upon each other, and
with the inner face of the one, presented to the flat of the inner face of the other;
and when in use, the halves are alike unto two flat bars, with single jaws at their outer
onds.
Thus, each half has a single outer jaw at one end, and a single inner jaw at the
opposite end, and with this last named jaw slotted lineable with the stem, and wherein
the stem of the other half, lies and slides.
Studs directed from the inner side of each half, pass outwardly through all through
longitudinal guide slots in the said halves respectively, and which studs, whose heads
are slightly expanded, are adapted to guide and steady the said halves, when sliding
for adjustment.
The halves when put together, are so arranged, that the outer jaw of one part is
presented to the inner jaw of the other part, whilst one half carries a spring arm at
the end of a peg or pin, working through a longitudinal slot, formed within the middle
of the body of the other part.
The spring arm, which is jointed to top of the pin or stud as aforesaid, is serrated
or toothed upon its underside, and is adapted to engage with outstanding and inclined
| rack-like teeth, disposed on the face of the half-part carrying the spring arm.
To adjust the size of the jaws, turn outwardly the spring arm, then slide longitudinally
the half parts to the desired adjustment, when the turning inwards of the spring lever,
causes its rack teeth on its underside, to engage with the rack teeth on the other part
which thereby affixes the said half-parts, and the jaws of them in their adjusted
positions.
The opening-out of the jaws of one head, opens out the jaws of the other head, to an
equal distance, so that if the jaws of one head are closed, the jaws of the other head
are opened out, to say three-quarters of an inch.
The spanner rack, instead of being upon the face of one half part, it may be upon
the side of the spanner half itself, or upon a rise on it. The lever has equivalent rack
teeth, to engage with the aforesaid teeth of the spanner.
Or the lever may shut down, instead of turning in the same plane as the face of
the spanner.
This 4th day of Santambar 1880
JOHN WINKLESS, SENIOR.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Adjustable Spanners.
I, JOHN WINKLESS Senior, of Grant Street, in the City of Birmingham, Fitter, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to double headed adjustable spanners, and consists in forming
them of two longitudinal and adjustable halves, which admit of the jaws of them, being
opened out, or brought together, (for taking varying sized nuts,) by a sliding move-
ment, and then locked, by an arm or other clamping means.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing, represents in front elevation, a double
headed adjustable spanner constructed and arranged, according to my invention. It
will be seen that the said spanner, or the jaws of the heads of it, are closed to their
fullest extent, and that the arm, which has rack serrations, upon its inner side, is
in its normal or affixing position.
Figure 2 represents a like view as figure 1, but with the affixing or locking arin,
turned aside, and the halves or segments of the said spanner, free for adjustment.
Thus, the turning of the arm aside, frees the same from rack teeth of one of the
longitudinal halves of the spanner, and so allows the said halves, to slide one upon
another, which admits of the jaws of the heads being adjusted, or opened out, as shown
at figure 3.
The affixing arm, is preferably made to spring or yield, on the same being closed,
whilst the jaws open or close at a constant ratio.
Thus, the opening of the jaws of the primary head, from five-cighths of an inch, to
an inch and a quarter, gives an opening to the jaws of the secondary head, five eighths,
or a like opening to the primary bead, when the spanner is closed.
Figure 4 represents a back side view of figure 1.
Figure 5 is a side elevation of figure 1, showing the engagement of the affixing or
locking arm, with the rack teeth of the spanner side.
Figure 6 represents a vertical section of the said spanner, when closed, and alike
unto the elevation figure 5.
Figures 7 and 8 represent the sides of the spanner separately, and figure 9 the arm
separately, which may be yielding, or non-yielding as desired.
The same letters of reference, indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of
the accompanying drawings.
The said spanner is made up of two longitudinal directed halves or parts a, b,
provided respectively at their ends, with heads and jaws a³, a², b1, b2. The head a', is
the primary one, whilst the head 62, is the secondary one. The side or part a, has
longitudinal slots or piercings a³, a, made through it, and with an outstanding toothed
rack a, formed upon its outside face or plane, and adjacent to the inner end of the
slot a³. The other side or part b, which is adapted to slide upon the part a, carries a
stop or stud c, with an undercut c², and a pin d, around which, the spring arm e, turns
as a centre, and by means of which, the said spring arm, is carried.
The stud "
of the part b, passes through the slot a³, of the part a, whilst the pin d,
of the said part b, passes through the slot a', of the said part a, and with the rack
teeth e, upon the underside of the arm e, adapted to engage with the teeth a³, as
aforesaid.
It will be observed that the pin d, has a head d³, and that the rack teeth of both
racks a³ and e², are inclined, although the same may if necessary be straight.
To open or close the jaws of the spanner, turn outwardly as in figures 2 and 3, the
arme, when adjustment can be effected by the sliding of the one segment of the
spanner, longitudinally upon the other, and when in an adjusted position, the halves
of the jaws can be locked, by the pressing inwards of the arm e, so as to make the rack
teeth upon its inner side or face, engage with the rack teeth, upon the face of the half
spanner as aforesaid.

page_text: By the opening of the jaws, or the sliding of the parts, the distance between the
stop or stud, and the fulcrum pin of the lever, remains constant.
Although the end of the arm e, is arranged to snap and he retained under the
shoulder c, of the stop or stud c, yet the said arm may be retained by other means;
and further, that the arm instead of swivelling upon a pin, may be made to turn
outwardly upon a hinge joint, and the rack upon the underside of the said arm, be
made to engage with the rack upon the spanner side, by a front movement.
The arm e, may be pointed after the manner of a screw-driver, and if necessary, for
the turning of screws, or like purposes.
Figure 10 represents the said spring arm e, provided with a point or end, suitable
for the driving home of a screw or the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
First-Making adjustable spanners of two longitudinally directed halves, or parts,
adapted to slide one upon another, and with the said parts carrying at their ends, head
and jaws respectively, substantially as described and set forth, whereby the sliding or
adjustment of the said halves upon each other, opens or closes the jaws at a constant
ratio, with respect to each other.
Secondly: An adjustable spanner consisting of two longitudinal sliding segments
or halves, one of which is provided with a tooth, or rack teeth, and the other carries a
spring or other arm, with a tooth or teeth upon its underside, and adapted to engage
with the tooth or teeth of the other part, for the purpose of affixing or locking, the
said halves in adjusted positions, substantially as set forth.
Thirdly An adjustable spanner, consisting of longitudinally sliding and adjustable
halves, with slots, pins, rack, and arm, arranged, combined and operating, substantially
as described and set forth.
Fourthly-The combination with a spanner as described, of the arm e, as a screw-
driver, substantially as set forth.
Dated this 2nd day of June 1890.
JOHN WINKLESS, SENIOR.
By Henry Skerrett,
Agent for Applicant.