Improvements in Spinning Machinery.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Sept., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 18th June, 1889-Accepted, 27th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spinning Machinery.
A communication to ine from abroad by AUGUSTE NOEL, of Tourcoing, Nord, France,
Manager of Spinning Mills.
I, JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN of 169 Fleet Street in the City of London, Fellow of
the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention consists of improvements in spinning machinery and has special
reference to self acting and hand mules. It relates to a novel mode or principle of
regulating the angle of inclination of the thread of the stretch (aiguillée) on the
spindle.
The simplicity of the parts renders it applicable to all spinning machines and the
beneficial result is such that one of the chief defects, namely the formation of curls
(vrilles) during spinning is entirely obviated. Consequently greater speed can be
given to the spindles and a larger production obtained, the limit of this for certain
"numbers" of thread being subordinate to the extreme speed that can be given
to the spindles. The improved machine may therefore be styled the extreme
producer.
Some explanations are desirable to show the important advantages derived from this
invention: The angle of inclination of the thread on the spindle has great influence on
the spinning in mules. If it is too great, or open, the thread tends to leave the spindle
owing to to the pull of the thread of the stretch (aiguilléo). If the angle is too small
curls are formed in the thread near the end of the spindle. For fine numbers, and
especially for spinnings that are not of extra quality, this angle should be greater
than for coarse and medium numbers. Hitherto this angle has been regulated in these
mules by the inclination given to the spindles that form one of the sides of the angle
of inclination; it will be understood that. when the inclination of the spindles has
once been regulated the angle of inclination thus determined cannot be easily varied
when the mule is working, as it would be necessary to regulate afresh the spindle
carrier or the carriage, a work which would be long and difficult and would require an
experienced hand and all the spindle bands would have to be changed.
By means of the present invention these difficulties and objections are overcome.
Not only can the regulation of the angle of inclination of the thread and of the spindle
be easily effected but the regulation is effected instantaneously and at will, that is to
say, to such an extent as it is wished to try, greater or less, and without the help of an
experienced person, without loss of time, and while the mule is at work.
The invention or novel principle is based on this :-Instead of acting on the
inclination of the spindle which is one of the sides of the angle of inclination, without in
any way changing the direction of the thread of the stretch which is the other side of the
angle, I do just the reverse. I act on the direction of the thread and I vary this
direction at will and instantaneously so as to increase or diminish the angle of
inclination as desired, and I do not alter the position of the spindle which for the
future will remain invariable that is to say instead of acting on the spindle without
affecting the direction of the thread, I act on the direction of the thread without
touching the spindle.
In order to carry out the invention it will be readily understood that if there be
placed at a little distance (say about two centimetres) from the spindle, a support in
the form of a rod or wire longitudinally of the machine under the threads of a stretch,
the slightest lifting of these threads by means of the support will vary the angle of
inclination. Because the new direction taken by the thread from the end of the
spindle to the point of support which it finds on the rods thus placed alters the angle of

page_text: inclination. It will also be readily understood that by raising the rod more or less
the angle of inclination will be instantaneously increased or diminished without any
loss of time. This novel function of a supporting rod under the threads for lifting
them would in principle constitute an additional part which it would be indispensable
in nearly all cases to add to the already complicated mechanism of these mules.
But the existing counter faller which is indispensable at the time of returning
(detournage) and re-entry and putting in gear of the machine has no active duty
during the running out of the carriage when the stretch is formed; I therefore make
it fulfil the new function of a supporting rod; its duty is henceforth continuous; its
period of inaction during the forination of the stretch is utilized so as to avoid the
addition of a new part to the mule.
To the several advantages above mentioned is to be added the most important viz.
the disappearance of the curls occasioned during spinning and which are generally to
be seen near the end of the spindles in the thread of the siretch. The two main
causes of this disappearance are these: The facility with which can be instan-
taneously given to the angle of inclination of the thread the degree which is thought
best for the particular number that is being spun, and with which one can judge if
that which is obtained by a greater or less alteration of the angle is that which
corresponds best to the conditions of good work. This result is obtained by slightly
raising or lowering the supporting rod without stopping the machine. By this means.
it is always possible to obtain the angle that is most suitable and best adapted for the
work, whether the quality of the material be more or less good. The angle of
inclination when once decided upon remains constant and invariable from the
beginning of the stretch until the end, which has not hitherto been the case because
this angle had a value constantly different for every change of position of the carriage
in its outward travel.
..
The second cause of the disappearance of the curls is that the thread does not bear
as before on the end of the spindle for all the length of the stretch while the torsion is
produced. It is supported at some two centimetres from the spindle by the supporting
rod during all the time that the torsion is given. This intermediary in a manner
breaks, at the source near the point of rotation, all jerks and the irritating action that
the spindle imparts to the thread; it gives it at the same time a relative rest, and the
effect is so beneficial that curls are no longer produced even with much greater speeds
of spindle. But not only can greater speed be given to the spindles, but inferior
materials can be used without curls being produced.
Among other advantages resulting from this invention I may mention that the
spindles can be placed more vertically or even quite vertically or even beyond the
vertical position seeing that they are independent of the angle of inclination of
the thread thus the length of the thread not taken up near the fluted rollers at the
end of the machine can be reduced two or three centimetres. For this purpose.it
-suffices to raise the carriage and thus reduce the distance which is measured vertically
from the point of the spindles to the height of the top of the flutes. The two or
three centimetres additional thread which can be taken up at this end added to those
which can be obtained at the other end of the stretch may easily give an increased
production of 2 or 3 per cent. for this particularity only.
The supporting rod for carrying out this invention can be raised or lowered as
required by any suitable means such for instance as by regulating screws.
Dated this 30th day of Contember 1000

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spinning Machinery.
A communication from abroad by AUGUSTE NOËL, of Tourcoing, Nord, France,
Manager of Spinning Mills.
1, JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN formerly of 169 Fleet Street in the City of London,
but now of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the
Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention consists of improvements in spinning machinery and has special
reference to self acting and hand mules. It relates to a novel mode or principle of
regulating the angle of inclination of the thread of the stretch (aiguillée) on the
spindle.
.
The simplicity of the parts renders it applicable to all spinning machines and the
beneficial result is such that one of the chief defects, namely the formation of curls
(vrilles) during spinning is entirely, obviated. Consequently greater speed can be
given to the spindles and a larger production obtained, the limit of this for certain
numbers" of thread being subordinate to the extreme speed that can be given
to the spindles. The improved machine may therefore be styled the extreme
producer.
Some explanations are desirable to show the important advantages derived from this
invention: The angle of inclination of the thread on the spindle has great influence
on spinning in mules. If it is too great or open the thread tends to leave the spindle
owing to the pull of the thread of the stretch. If the angle is too small curls are
formed in the thread near the end of the spindle. For fine numbers and especially for
spinnings that are not of extra quality this angle should be greater than for coarse and
medium numbers. Hitherto this angle has been regulated in these mules by the
inclination given to the spindles that form one of the sides of the angle of inclination.
It will be understood that when the inclination of the spindles has once been
regulated the angle of inclination thus determined cannot be easily varied when the
mule is working as it would be necessary to regulate afresh the spindle carrier or the
carriage, a work which would be long and difficult, and would require an experienced
hand, and all the spindle bands would have to be changed.
By means of the present invention these difficulties and objections are overcome.
Not only can the regulation of the angle of inclination of the thread and of the spindle
be easily effected, but the regulation is effected instantaneously and at will, that is to
say to such an extent as it is wished to try, greater or less, and without the help of an
experienced person, without loss of time, and while the mule is at work.
The invention or novel principle is based on this-Instead of acting on the
inclination of the spindle which is one of the sides of the angle of inclination,
without in any way changing the direction of the thread of the stretch which is the
other side of the angle, I do just the reverse. I act on the direction of the thread
and I vary this direction at will and instantaneously so as to increase or diminish the
angle of inclination as desired and I do not alter the position of the spindle which
for the future will remain invariable, that is to say instead of acting on the spindle
without affecting the direction of the thread, I act on the direction of the thread without
touching the spindle.
In order to carry out the invention, it will be readily understood that if there be
placed at a little distance (say about two centimetres) from the spindle, a support
in the form of a rod or wire longitudinally of the machine under the threads of
a stretch, the slightest lifting of these threads by means of the support will vary
the angle of inclination. Because the new direction taken by the thread from the end
of the spindle to the point of support which it finds on the rod thus placed alters
the angle of inclination. It will also be readily understood that by raising the rod

page_text: more or less the angle of inclination will be instantaneously increased or diminished
without any loss of time.
This novel function of a supporting rod under the threads for lifting them would in
principle constitute an additional part which it would be indispensable in nearly all
cases to add to the already complicated mechanism of these mules.
But the existing counter faller which is indispensable at the time of returning
(detournage) and re-entry and putting in gear of the machine has no active duty
during the running out of the carriage when the streich is formed; I therefore make
it fulfil the new function of a supporting rod; its duty is henceforth continuous; its
period of inaction during the formation of the stretch is utilized so as to avoid the
addition of a new part to the mule.
To the several advantages above mentioned is to be added the most important, viz:-
the disappearance of the curls occasioned during spinning and which are generally to
to be seen near the end of the spindles in the thread of the stretch. The two main
causes of this disappearance are these: The facility with which can be instan-
taneously given to the angle of inclination of the thread, the degree which is thought
'best for the particular number that is being spun, and with which one can judge if that
which is obtained by a greater or less alteration of the angle is that which corresponds
best to the conditions of good work. This result is attained by slightly raising or
lowering the supporting rod without stopping the machine. By this means it is
always possible to obtain the angle that is most suitable and best adapted for the work
whether the quality of the material be more or less good. The angle of inclination
when once decided upon remains constant and invariable from the beginning of the
stretch until the end which has not hitherto been the case because this angle
had a value constantly different for every change of position of the carriage in its
outward travel.
The second cause of the disappearance of the curls is that the thread does not bear
as before on the end of the spindle for all the length of the stretch while the torsion
is produced. It is supported at some two centimetres from the spindle by the
supporting rod during all the time that the torsion is given. This intermediary in a
manner breaks at the source near the point of rotation all jerks and the irritating
action that the spindle imparts to the thread; it gives it at the same time a relative
rest, and the effect is so beneficial that curls are no longer produced even with much
greater speeds of spindle: But not only can greater speed be given to the spindles, but
inferior materials can be used without curls being produced.
Among other advantages resulting from this invention I may mention that the
spindles can be placed more vertically or even quite vertically, or even beyond the
vertical position, seeing that they are independent of the angle of inclination of
the thread thus the length of the thread not taken up near the fluted rollers at the
end of the machine can be reduced two or three centimetres. For this purpose it
suffices to raise the carriage and thus reduce the distance which is measured vertically
from the point of the spindles to the height of the top of the flutes. The two or three
centimetres additional thread which can be taken up at this end added to those which
can be obtained at the other end of the stretch may easily give an increased production
of two and a half or three per cent. for this particularity only.
The supporting rod or counter faller for carrying out this invention can be raised or
lowered as required by any suitable means.
In the annexed drawings:
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of that end of the machine where the fluted rollers
are situated.
Figure 2 is an elevation of the carriage when at the end of the stretch.
Figure 2 is an elevation of some of the parts shown in Figure 2 but on a
larger scale.
Figure 3 shows the spindle in the position it ordinarily occupies when the carriage
has completed the re-entry, the top of the spindle being some 55 centimetres below
the line of the flutes in the fluted rollers as has hitherto been necessary.

page_text: Figure shows the spindle raised to the higher level which it can occupy when the
present invention is adopted.
Figures 5 and 6 represent spindles placed respectively at an angle of 11°
and vertically, the angle of inclination of the thread being the same in both cases,
say 113°
C
a a are the usual fluted rollers which are at the one end of the stretch. b. Figure 2,
is the carriage and the spindle constituting, when run out, the other edge of the
stretch. d is the faller arm and e the counter faller arm; the counter faller arm carries
pawl or click f which can be adjusted in a backward and forward direction by a
screw and nut g. h is a stop or catch to the pawl f, this stop being carried by the faller
arm d. According to the position of the pawlf as adjusted by the screw g, so is the
counter faller more or less lowered. 1 represents in dotted lines the position the
counter faller has hitherto occupied, that is to say without the application of the present
invention. 2, 3 and 4 represent examples of different heights or positions the counter
faller may occupy in accordance with this invention. The dotted lines 22, 33 and 4*
indicate the respective directions of the thread from the end of the spindle to the
counter faller corresponding with the several positions 2, 3 and 4 of the counter faller.
The arcs 2×3× 4* represent the respective angles of inclination of the thread
corresponding with the several positions 2, 3 and 4 of the counter faller, the angle
being varied as required by varying the direction of the thread by means of the
counter faller as already described. The arc 1* represents the angle of inclination
of the thread corresponding with the old or ordinary position of the counter faller.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, as communicated to me, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In a spinning machine or mule, a movable support beneath the threads of the
stretch whereby the angle of inclination of the threads on the spindles can be varied
as required by adjusting the said support so as to change the direction of the
threads and without altering the inclination or position of the spindles substantially
as set forth.
2. In a spinning machine or mule, a counter faller adjustable in height whereby
the angle of inclination of the threads of the stretch on their spindles
can be varied
as required by adjusting the counter faller so as to change the direction of the
threads and without altering the inclination or position of the spindles, substantially
as set forth.
3. In a spinning machine or mule, the combination with the faller arm and
counter faller arm, of an adjustable pawl or click on the counter faller arm and of
a stop or catch for said pawl on the faller arm, substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
1000
J. C. MEWBURN.