Improvements in Continuous Burning Kilns for Burning Bricks and other Clay Goods, and also for Limes and Cements.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Oct., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 31st July, 1896-Accepted, 12th Sept., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Continuous Burning Kilns for Burning Bricks and
other Clay Goods, and also for Limes and Cements.
I, HENRY ROBERT VAUGHAN, Engineer, Armadale Brick Works, Belfast, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a regenerative and continuous burning kiln for burning
bricks, terra cotta, pipes, and other clay goods and also for limes and cements.
In carrying out my invention I make the improved kiln with one or two rows of
rectangular chambers in it which are regenerative and continuous burning. By
preference two rows of chambers one beside the other are used.
Three longitudinal flues are made under the floor of the kiln, one at each side
and one at the centre, and each of these flues has one inlet and one outlet com-
municating with each chamber. By having the two flues and passage ways,
instead of one flue as usual, a much better control of the draught can be obtained;
moreover, the steam issuing from the green bricks, when drying, has only one half
the distance to travel to the outlets, and crushing and "squabbing" of bricks is
also prevented. There are also two flues which are arranged across the kiln, one at
each end, and communicate by passage ways with the chambers at both sides of the
kiln so as to enable a better control over the draught to be obtained. These flues
convey the hot gases from the end chambers under fire on the one side to the
end chambers on the other side, thereby making them regenerative and con-
tinuous in burning. The fire flues have suitable inlets and outlets which are
provided with dampers so that the heat and draught from the one side can be
diverted through any of the outlets to any part of the end chambers where
required thereby giving a full and complete control of the draught.
Central hot air flues are also arranged in the top of the kiln and these flues
have cross or branch flues which communicate by means of suitable outlets and
inlets with the roof of each chamber. Each branch flue is supplied with a damper.
These flues are arranged to withdraw the waste heat from the goods in the burnt
chambers and convey and circulate it along with the hot air to and through the
green goods in the chambers newly filled. In this manner the green goods are
dried or partially dried in the newly filled chambers before they are directly
connected with the chambers under fire.
By thus utilizing the waste heat from the burnt goods to dry the green goods
sounder and better articles can be produced at a reduced cost. The colour of the
articles is also improved as they are partially dried before being brought into
contact with the gases and sulphur emanating from the chambers under fire.
Increased facilities for burning are also given.
Dated this 30th day of October 1895.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.

page_text: Improvements in Continuous Burning Kilns for Burning Bricks and
other Clay Goods, and also for Limes and Cements.
I, HENRY ROBERT VAUGHAN, Engineer, formerly of Armadale Brick Works,
Belfast, now of Lagan Vale Brick Works, Strand millis Road, Belfast, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
My invention relates to a regenerative and continuous burning kiln for burning
bricks, terra cotta, pipes, and other clay goods and also for limes and cements.
In carrying out my invention I make the improved kiln with one or two rows of
rectangular chambers in it which are regenerative and continuous burning. By
preference two rows of chambers one beside the other are used.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood I have
hereunto appended two explanatory sheets of drawings, whereon,
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the kiln on the line A, A, of Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the kiln with one half shown in section on the line D, D,
Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a vertical cross section of the kiln on the line B, B, Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a vertical cross section of the kiln on the line C, C, Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the kiln.
Fig. 6 is an end elevation of the kiln.
Fig. 7 is a ground plan of the kiln and
Fig. 8 a ground plan of the chimney stack.
Referring to the drawings whereon the same reference letters wherever repeated
indicate the same parts.
a, a, b, b, and c, c', are the rectangular chambers which, as shown, are arranged
in two rows beside one another. d, d', are end or division walls between the
two sets of chambers and e the side walls separating chamber from chamber.
Passages are made in the walls e whilst passages 9 are made in the walls e¹ of
the end chambers.
:
Three longitudinal flues i, i, 3 are made under the floor of the kiln, one at each
side and one at the centre as shown, and each of these flues has one inlet and one
outlet communicating with each chamber. The centre flue, only extends, as
shown in dotted lines at Fig. 7, under the end chambers a¹ and c. The two parts
of the flue however are connected together by the passage m. By having the
two flues and passage ways for each chamber instead of one flue as usual, a much
better control of the draught can be obtained, moreover, the steam issuing from
the green bricks, when drying, has only one half the distance to travel to the
outlets, and crushing and "squabbing" of bricks is also prevented. There are
also two flues j, j', which are arranged across the kiln, one at each end, and com-
municate by the passage ways g with the end chambers a, a¹, and c, c¹, at both sides
of the kiln. These flues convey the hot gases from the end chambers under fire
on the one side to the end chambers on the other side, thereby making them
.regenerative and continuous in burning. The inlets and outlets g are provided
with dampers so that the heat and draught passing along the flues; from the one
side can be diverted through any of the passages 9 to any part of the end
chambers-where required thereby giving a full and complete control of the
draught.
As will be seen, from the dotted lines at Fig. 7, the three longitudinal flues i, 2, 3,
lead to the chimney l.
A central hot air flue n is also arranged in the top of the kiln above the flue m
and this flue has cross or branch flues n¹ which communicate by means of the

page_text: outlets and inlets o with the roof of each chamber. Each branch is supplied with
a damper p. These flues are arranged to withdraw the waste heat from the goods
in the burnt chambers and convey and circulate it along with the hot air to and
through the green goods in the chambers newly filled. In this manner the green
goods are dried or partially dried in the newly filled chambers before they are
directly connected with the chambers under fire.
By thus utilizing the waste heat from the burnt goods to dry the green goods
sounder and better articles can be produced at a reduced cost. The colour of the
articles is also improved as they are partially dried before being brought into
contact with the gases and sulphur emanating from the chambers under fire.
Increased facilities for burning are also given.
The end branches n' can be extended as shown at g (Fig. 2) and be made to
communicate with the passages leading to the flues i, . This is to enable hot
air and waste heat to be conveyed from the flue n to the side flues i, ³, in order
to beat the said flues so as to improve the draught when connecting the chambers
in which bricks are steaming on the one side with those on the other side in
which the bricks are burning.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
consider novel and desire to claim is :-
1. The construction or general arrangement and combination of parts of the
regenerative and continuous burning kiln, substantially as hereinbefore described
with reference to the drawings annexed.
2. A kiln having longitudinal flues with their inlets and outlets and the cross
flues j,, with their inlets and outlets, substantially as and for the purpose set
forth.
3. A kiln having in combination longitudinal flues such as i, cross flues such as j,
and hot air flues such as n with branches n', substantially as and for the purpose
set forth.
Dated this 27th day of July 1896
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
70 Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.