matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIG IRON, AND IN FURNACES OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREFOR
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Barclay at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
March 1873.
I, ANDREW BARCLAY, of Kilmarnock, in the County of Ayr, North
Britain, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIG IRON, AND IN FURNACES OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREFOR," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention which relates to certain improvements in the arrange-
ment or construction of blast furnaces whereby pig iron is manufactured
more economically than hitherto, consists,-
Firstly, in providing the upper part of ordinary closed top blast
furnaces with an arrangement of apparatus for heating the materials
before they are charged into the furnace.
The aforesaid arrangement of apparatus consists of nozzles communi-
cating with the gas flue or flues at the upper part of the furnace in
which air jets are placed so as to draw off a portion of the gas and cause
it to impinge in an inflammable and highly heated state upon the
materials resting above the ordinary charging cup and cone.

page_text: Above the ordinary charging cup and cone a second cup and cone
are situated into which the raw materials are charged before being
lowered on to the lower cup and cone, and these may have openings
formed in them, so that the materials resting thereon may also be
heated from the combustion, and heat radiated from the burning gases
below.
Secondly, the improvement consists in closing over the throat or
chimney of open top furnaces, and leading a flue directly away from the
top side or lower part of such throat or chimney, or from a short
distance below the throat or chimney, through which the flame arising
from the combustion of the waste gases passes off to heat the steam boilers
or heat the ovens used for heating the blast. Openings for charging
the materials are made in the throat or chimney as is usual in open-
topped blast furnaces, and these are provided with doors for opening
and closing the charging holes as required, the admission of air for
burning the gas being also thereby regulated.
The flues for conducting the flame to the heating ovens or steam
boilers may be lined or coated with a layer of asbestos or other non-
-conducting material to prevent the waste of heat by radiation.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Leigh at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th August
1878.
I, JOHN LEIGH, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF MANURE," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object the manufacture of manure from
human excreta, that is, from urine and fœces, and by this improved
process I am enabled to fix the ammonia which is the best part of the
manure.
I collect the urine and fœces in suitable vessels or receptacles, and
add thereto fine ashes produced by the combustion of coal, or instead of
the fine ashes I may use street dust and other refuse matters, which
are added in quantities varying according to circumstances. Then in
order to fix the ammonia contained in the excrement treated or

page_text: generated during the decoposition of the said excrement and make
good manure, I add to the mass sulphate or muriate of lime in about
the proportion of one hundred and twenty pounds of the sulphate or
muriate of lime to each ton of the solid material used. The mass is
then well mixed and is ready to be used for agricultural purposes.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH APPLIANCES FOR SUSPENDING, DRIVING, AND BALANCING HORIZONTAL MILLSTONES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hull at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
March 1873.
I, WILLIAM HULL, of Ormskirk, in the County of Lancaster, Corn
Miller, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN AND CONNECTED WITH APPLIANCES FOR SUSPENDING, DRIVING, AND
BALANCING HORIZONTAL MILLSTONES," to be as follows :—
The object of the said Invention is to provide appliances whereby any
horizontal millstone runner can be freely suspended and balanced at a
point near to its upper surface, and at the same time receive driving
power at a point or points near to its under surface, and consists,―
First. As means for freely suspending and balancing I fix any ordinary
bow as near to the upper surface of a horizontal millstone runner as the
grit will allow, and thereby suspend and balance the said runner on the
top of the power shaft.
Second. As means for driving the said runner, and at the same time
allow of its being freely suspended and balanced, I secure to the above

page_text: mentioned power shaft a driving bar at or near to the under surface of
the said runner, and provide each end of the said bar with oscillating
blocks taking into vertical grooves cut through the grit of the said
runner at right angles to the grooves in which the suspending and
balancing bow is fixed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HEEL STIFFENINGS FOR BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jesse Williams Hatch at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
23rd September 1873.
I, JESSE WILliams Hatch, of Rochester, New York, United States
of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HEEL STIFFENINGS FOR BOOTS AND SHOES," to be
as follows:-
.
:-
This Invention relates to a heel stiffening for boots and shoes produced
by crimping in contradistinction to moulding or stamping in dies. The
stiffening is made from a piece or pieces of leather, "leather board,"
or other material or fabric cut to the proper form, and then subjected
to the crimping action to produce the desired result. Any suitable
crimping mechanism may be used for this purpose.
"
" form
A convenient apparatus consists of a
or heel block of a
shape to correspond with the stiffening to be formed; a clamping
die or strap to embrace the leather or material between itself and
the "form" to give proper shape to the stiffening, and a pair of
crimping jaws to bend and crimp the edges of the stiffening which
pass between the soles. The stiffening thus produced is of the same

page_text: shape as ordinary stiffenings, but it has the advantage of being harder
and smoother, and the wrinkles are carried to the extreme inner margin
of the bent edge, thereby leaving the seat or bend entirely smooth and
unbroken to fit the "upper" leather which overlays it. This process
is particularly applicable to the use of leather board (which is an
artificial product of leather pulp, manilla, and the like), as such
material is very hard and stiff and cannot well be moulded or stamped
by dies in the ordinary way.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLINGS AND REVERSING GEAR FOR REVOLVING SHAFTS AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michael Whitaker at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
December 1873.
I, MICHAEL WHITAKER, of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COUPLINGS
AND REVERSING GEAR FOR REVOLVING SHAFTS AND OTHER PARTS OF MACHINERY," to
be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in couplings or
clutches for engaging, disengaging, and reversing revolving shafts and
other parts of machinery, and is as hereafter described.
I provide a disc or circular box within which is provided a clutch
plate fitted with sliding pins; the disc or box is provided with notches,
into which when required the sliding pins may be forced or passed;
these pins are connected or coupled to a movable collar mounted on the
shaft; by sliding the collar backwards or forwards on the shaft the pins
may be thrown into or out of gear with the disc. The required motion
may be given to the collar by screw motion, or hydraulic or steam
pressure, whereby the clutch or coupling may be thrown into or out of
gear at pleasure.

page_text: Instead of the above described sliding pins friction jaws may be
employed actuated by the movable collar and fitted in the clutch plate
so as to slide freely, the disc or box being prepared with suitable grooves
into which the teeth of the jaw are passed.
The above described arrangements may be employed for engaging or
disengaging revolving shafts or parts of machinery.
When required for reversing I apply two discs or boxes, the above.
arrangement being doubled and arranged in such a manner that when
one box or disc is thrown out of gear the other is thrown into gear.
These couplings or clutches are brought into operation in a similar
manner to the above described.
When hydraulic pressure is required I provide a central boss between
the two discs or boxes, into which is fitted a number of pistons which
are coupled to the collars. Steam or hydraulic power is applied to the
pistons within the boss through the shaft or other convenient manner.
The collar belonging to each disc is connected by suitable connecting
rods, so that one clutch on being thrown into gear draws the other out
of gear.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS EMPLOYED FOR STOPPING BOTTLES AND OTHER SIMILAR RECEPTACLES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Paul Raoul de Faucheux
d'Humy at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 6th August 1878.
I, PAUL RAOUL DE FAUCHEUX D'HUMY, of Paris, in the Republic of
France, but at present of 35, Southampton Buildings, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS EMPLOYED FOR STOPPING BOTTLES AND OTHER SIMILAR
RECEPTACLES," to be as follows:-
.
The Invention has for its object improvements in means employed for
stopping bottles and other similar receptacles. For this purpose I apply
to the neck or drawing off portion of the bottle or other receptacle,
a short length of india-rubber tubing, by preference by stretching it on to
said neck, and I sometimes further secure it by means of any suitable
tie.
I prefer to form the india-rubber tube with a spout, by cutting off
obliquely a portion of said tube, so as to afford facility for running off
the liquid contained in the bottle or other receptacle in given
quantities.

page_text: In order to close the opening formed by the tube, and to cut off all
communication with the contents of the bottle or other receptacle, I
bend over the outer end of said tube, and cause it to be retained in that
position by means of an india-rubber band or other suitable catch or
fastening, which I prefer to attach to some portion of the india-rubber 5
tube, so that it may be at all times ready and convenient for use.
By the employment of this method. I obtain a very secure means of
stopping the mouths of bottles and other similar receptacles.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CLEANING PIPES OR TUBES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Andrew Walter Allan Logan
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 30th December 1873.
I, ANDREW WALTER ALLAN LOGAN, of Rochdale, in the County of
5 Lancaster, Iron Moulder, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CLEANING PIPES OR TUBES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention is designed principally for the purpose of cleaning out
the fire-tubes of locomotive or other multitubular boilers, but it is also
applicable for cleaning out tubes or pipes of various dimensions used for
the conveyance of water or gas or for other similar purposes.
The Invention consists of an expanding scraper formed of three, four,
or more scrapers of a segmental shape, hinged to a boss screwed or fixed
on one end of a rod and kept expanded by means of springs.
Each scraper (which forms a portion or segment of a circle) is cast or
attached to a short lever and is hinged by a pin to lugs cast on a central
boss, the end of the lever being made with a neb or projection which

page_text: acts as a "butt" joint, and prevents the segmental scrapers from being
expanded beyond a certain limit.
The springs are rivetted inside the levers and may be bent or doubled
so that one spring will act upon two opposite scrapers at once, and the
scrapers themselves are so formed that their edges can overlap one 5
another, so that they can be compressed into a smaller circle than they
would form if their edges merely touched. They are also formed with
inclined ribs both fore and aft to prevent the edges of the scrapers from
catching against the ends of the tubes.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PICKERS USED IN LOOKS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Leeming at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th
February 1878.
I, JAMES LEEMING, of Pendleton, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PICKERS USED IN LOOKS FOR WEAVING," to be as
follows :—
This Invention relates to a peculiar method of forming the picker
whereby the use of metal pins, rivets, or staples through the leg or
through the foot of the picker is dispensed with. I take a pieco of hide
or pelt of a sufficient length to form the whole picker in one piece, and
rather more than double the width of the face of the picker, and fold the
two edges inwards till they meet. On this side (which forms the inside
of the pickar when completed) I cut away the inner fold at each end for
about three-quarters of an inch, I then tako a second pieco of hido about
four inches long and three-quarters of an inch wide, and after doubling
the folded piece with the joint inwards so that its ends come together,
I bend the smaller picco double in the form of a staple, and inserting its
ends into the folds of the main picco push them up into tho interior of

page_text: the same as far as the inner fold has been cut away, and this smaller
piece thus holds the two ends together and at the same time forms the
lining for the leg of the picker. I then drive a staple formed wire or
rivet through the body of the picker from side to side to hold the body
of the picker firmly together and I proceed to press and finish the picker
in the usual manner.
A picker thus constructed has no raw edges of the hide or pelt exposed
either in the body, leg, or foot, and has no rivets or wires against which
the point of the shuttle could by any possibility strike, and being so
simply constructed it is very economical in the manufacture, and
exceedingly strong and durable.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PICKERS USED IN WEAVING
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Peel and Sidney Emsley
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 10th October 1873.
We, JOHN PEEL, Weaving Manager, and SIDNEY EMSLEY, Agent,
both of Bradford, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PICKERS USED IN WEAVING,”
to be as follows, that is to say:—
Our Invention relates to employing pickers made in detached parts
and in conjunction with each other. For this purpose we employ a
picker having a tube working on a spindle so arranged that the picking
strap can be fixed round the tube; this tube has projecting pieces
which enter loosely into a long loose picker made of sizing or other soft
substance. The picker fits into the bottom of the shuttle box, and is
made with a flat hole going through one of the ends or through the
middle, into which the projecting piece enters loosely, giving to it its
impetus for driving the shuttle. The end of the picker nearest the
shuttle is made solid, one half of the picker being a solid mass to receive
or give the impetus to the shuttle in the box,

page_text: Our improved picker has a projecting or steadying heel or heels,
which enter into a groove made in the bottom of the shuttle box keeping
the picker steady in its action.
In order to give the required elasticity to pickers heretofore employed
they have had to be steeped in oil for several months and hung up to
dry, and tempered for several months more, otherwise they are liable to
break at the foot, and even when so tempered they often break. This
soaking and tempering process is long and expensive and the use of
such pickers rendered necessary the frequent greasing of the box
spindles in order to diminish the friction of the picker on the spindle.
Without such greasing the picker could not be worked, and it presents
great defects as the accumulation of grease or black oil by the rapid and
brunt motion of the picker throwing the shuttle throws the grease or
black oil upon the pieces being woven, often causing serious damage
and spoiling the work in process, such damages may also proceed from
the pricker if it has not been properly tempered.
Our improvements prevent such damages and supersede that part of
the picker made heretofore of sizing, as we employ a loose tube and
projecting piece, which we make by preference of malleable cast iron,
but other metals may be used. These tubes we prefer bushed at each
end to reduce the friction; they require to be oiled only once per day,
by means of a grease cloth or other such material, preventing grease or
oil spots being made by the pickers or the picking of the shuttle.
By our improvements a great saving in power and in the wear and
tear of the pickers is effected.
IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS POR FACILITATING PRINTING IN AND BY ROTARY WEB LETTER-PRESS PRINTING MACHINES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Saunders at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
November 1873.
I, WILLIAM SAUNDERS, of No. 2, Telegraph Street, in the City of
London, Newspaper Proprietor, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS AND APPARATUS POR FACILITATING PRINTING
IN AND BY ROTARY WEB LETTER-PRESS PRINTING MACHINES," to be as
follows:-
The object of my Invention is to enable newspaper proprietors and
other publishers who employ rotary web printing machines to insert
later news than has been possible hitherto, and to rapidly make
alterations of and substitutions for portions of matter being printed
from. For this purpose I employ in combination on the same cylinder
a stero plate or segment, or stereo plates or segments and free type.
The free type is tapered in one direction and at such an angle that
each will properly butt against the other and fit the curve of the
cylinder.
The advantages to be derived from the use of my Invention are of the
greatest importance. By way of illustration it may be mentioned that

page_text: a stero segment can be got ready for use, such segment having a small
space left or cut out in which to place type giving news to within a few
minutes of throwing off impressions, or again during printing a stereo
segment can be removed from the machine, a portion cut out, and free
type inserted.
The apparatus employed to render the use of free taper type convenient
consists of a chase curved to fit the cylinder; the said chase is provided
with a flange and set screws, or other means for securing it in position,
and is preferably so formed that it slides under or dovetails into the
stereo segment.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COCKS OR TAPs
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Charles Lilley at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st August 1878.
I, GEORGE CHARLES LILLEY, of London Street, in the City of London,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN COCKS OR TAPs," to be as follows :-
-
Cooks or taps as generally constructed are very liable to become
leaky by use, and are also liable to be left so that waste of the water
or other liquid takes plács.
The object of the Invention is to remedy these evils. For this
purpose the plug of the cock or tap is formed conical, and is received
into a correspondingly conical seating, and these parts are held together
by spring pressure. A spring also acts to bring the plug back to the
position for closing when the handle or means of opening is released.
.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WITHDRAWING WATER FROM PIPES HEATED BY STEAM, AND IN Arrangements in CONNECTION THEREWITH
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Worroll at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th March
1873.
I, EDWARD WORROLL, of Saddleworth, in the County of York,
Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WITHDRAWING WATER FROM PIPES HEATED BY
STEAM, AND IN Arrangements in CONNECTION THEREWITH,” to be as follows :—
My Invention relates to apparatus employed in the withdrawing
water from pipes heated by steam, and in arrangements in connection
therewith, and has for its object to cause the hot water arising from
the condensation of steam in the heating pipes to be returned by “self-
acting" means to the boiler or boilers. For this purpose I connect a
“steam trap" with the range or with cach range of heating pipes, the
said pipes being so arranged as that the water produced in each range
shall gravitate towards the said steam trap. The said steam trap or
each steam trap is a modification of a well-known form of the apparatus,
in which a passage for the escape of water is opened by the con-
traction of a length of tube, and is closed again by the expansion theroof.
The steam trap I employ is formed with a second passage which romains

page_text: open and leads to a back pressure valve, which is on a return pipe or
tube, or on a pipe or tubo in connection with a return pipe which
conveys the hot water to the boiler or boilers. The said steam trap or
each steam trap is so proportioned and adjusted as that any compara-
tively cold water which may accumulate in the heating pipes is per- 5
mitted to escape as in the ordinary steam trap, whereas the escape of
hot water in the same manner is prevented, and the said hot water is
permitted to flow through the aforesaid back-pressure valve and through
the return pipe or tube to the boiler. I may apply one of the said.
steam traps and a back-pressure valve at or near the end of the return 1
pipe which is nearest to the boiler or. boilers, and in some cases I may
apply a steam trap in this position only. In some cases I may dispense
with the said steam traps and substitute valves to be opened and
closed by hand for the said steam traps, or for one or more of them.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ADMINISTERING NITROUS OXIDE GAS PREVIOUS TO SURGICAL OR DENTAL OPERATIONS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Coxeter at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
January 1873.
I, JAMES COXETER, of 23 and 24, Grafton Street East, London, W.C.,
Surgical Instrument Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ADMINISTERING NITROUS
OXIDE GAS PREVIOUS TO SURGICAL OR DENTAL OPERATIONS," to be as follows :—
My Invention consists, firstly, of the application to the gasometer
used for administering nitrous oxide gas of a bell or vessel in the interior
thereof charged with water, and of causing the gas to enter this bell
through pipes, and to circulate therein and to be drawn therefrom
through these pipes for administration in the ordinary manner, the
object being to supersede the use of weights and other external
appliances for regulating the supply and pressure of the gas, and to
afford an easy means of administration.
Secondly, my Invention consists of an apparatus containing a bell
charged with water and fitted with pipes, through which apparatus the
gas is conveyed from an ordinary gasometer, and having passed through

page_text: this second apparatus is used in the ordinary manner. This second
apparatus is only used where the operator has already a gasometer, for
when my improvement is applied to an ordinary gasometer the second
apparatus is not required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANSMITTING, INDICATING, AND RECORD- ING TIME SIGNALS, AND IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING HOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Samuel Harrison
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 12th May 1873.
I, WILLIAM SAMUEL HARRISON, of 46, Hatton Garden, London, in the
County of Middlesex, Horologist, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TRANSMITTING, INDICATING, AND RECORD-
ING TIME SIGNALS, AND IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING
HOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS," to be as follows:-
The objects of this Invention are,—
-
-
1. That electric time signals may be transmitted on telegraph wires
in use for telegraph or other purposes without interrupting, except for
very short periods, the regular functions of such telegraph wires.
2. To protect electrically controlled clocks and other indicators of time
signals against the influence of electric currents other than time signal
currents.
8. To improve the method of electrically controlling horological

page_text: 4. Recording time signals whether mechanically or electrically
transmitted.
5. A method whereby telegraph or other electric apparatus may be
electrically connected or seperated from a wire line without breaking
its electric continuity.
5
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE FLOW OF WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander Melville Clark at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 10th April 1873.-A communication from abroad by Nicolas
Alexis Bonnefond, of Paris, France.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING THE FLOW OF WATER
AND OTHER LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improved apparatus for registering the flow
of water or other liquids, the chief features of which consist, 1st, in the
employment of an archimedian screw operated by the flow of liquid as
the prime mover; 2ndly, in the application of a speed regulator; and,
3rdly, in the employment of number wheels.
In this improved apparatus, which is illustrated in vertical section
Figure 1, plan Figure 2, and elevation Figure 3 of the accompanying
Drawing, the water acts with undiminished pressure on the archimedian
screw c, whose spindle d is mounted vertically in bearings at e, f, in
the water channel a, and imparts motion by means of a train of wheels

page_text: h to spindle i of the registering mechanism which is enclosed in a
case g. The water passing through the pipe a and away at 6 imparts
rotary motion to the screw, which is transmitted to the registering gear,
and as each revolution of the screw corresponds to the passage of a
certain volume of water it is evident that by suitable gearing the
apparatus may be made to register in gallons the quantity of water
flowing through the pipe a.
The regulator of this Invention serves to adjust the registering
mechanism to suit the movement of the screw to compensate for
differences of pressure and for imperfections in the construction of the
apparatus; thus the action of the registering mechanism may be so
adjusted as to exactly correspond at all times with the actual flow.
The regulator consists of a friction wheel j, mounted on the spindle
of the last wheel of the train which gears together the archimedian
screw and registering apparatus. Against this friction wheel bears a
face plate n on a spindle m, kept up to it by a spring o, and receiving
rotary motion therefrom, which plate actuates the registering gear by
an arrangement of rods and lever p, q, r. The friction wheel may be
adjusted in position on its spindle by a regulating screw k, so as to move
it nearer or further from the centre of the face plate and thereby
diminish or increase the speed of the latter. In this manner the
registering gear may be made to indicate the exact quantity of liquid
passing the screw. Number discs & representing units, tens, hundreds,
and thousands of gallons are also combined with the apparatus mounted
loose on the axis t, and operated by ratchets and pawls set in motion
by a crank on the axis of the face plate n, the numbers being visible
through an opening u in the casing g of the apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTRACTING ANIMAL GREASE AND OTHER IMPURITIES FROM WOOL
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Wathen Dunn and
Osborne Prangley at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 5th August 1873.
We, THOMAS WATHEN DUNN and OSBORNE PRANGLEY, both of
Trowbridge, in the County of Wilts, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTRACTING ANIMAL GREASE AND
OTHER IMPURITIES FROM WOOL,” to be as follows :—
This Invention has for it object to extract animal grease and other
impurities from wool.
For this purpose we place the wool in its raw state into a chamber
into which steam.is.admitted, the wool is thereby heated and the greasy
and other impurities contained in it are brought into a liquid state, and
whilst thus heated we submit the wool to pressure either by passing it
between rollers or by pressing it in any suitable press, whereby the
greater portion of the greasy, glutinous, and other impurities in a liquid
state are expressed from the wool. By this means the subsequent
washing of the wool prior to its being carded and combed is much
facilitated; heated air may be used instead of or together with steam.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BEER, WATER, AND OTHER LIQUID TAPS AND VALVES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Ambler and William
Gawthorp at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 20th October 1873.
We, WILLIAM AMBLER, Patent Agent, of Bradford, in the County of
York, and WILLIAM GAWTHORP, of the same Place, Gas Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BEER, WATER, AND OTHER LIQUID TAPS AND VALVES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to taps which are required in tapping beer and
other liquids requiring to be pumped or obtained therefrom. It has
often been found that the pump in drawing off the beer loses its priming,
causing the beer to return to the barrel. In order to prevent this we
construct or make a tap, the stopper of which we make hollow, allowing
the liquid to pass in at the bottom of the stopper, which stopper contains
a small valve which acts as a check valve, thus preventing the return of
the liquid to the barrel; by placing the check valve within the stopper
considerable saving in material and labour is effected, which otherwise
would have necessitated a separate stop-cock and check valve.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COLLARS, AND IN CLASPS FOR THE SAME
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd June 1873.-A communication from abroad by Andrew Flatley
and Joseph Marson, both of Brooklyn, New York, United States of
America.
I, WILLIAM Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COLLARS, AND IN CLASPS
FOR THE SAME," a communication, to be as follows:-
―
This Invention comprises a collar for ordinary neck wear having in
the main a contour corresponding to that known as the "Byron "
collar, but formed with an obtuse salient angle on each of the inner
sides of the lappet, so that when the collar is worn the said angles will
come nearly or quite in contact, while the other portion of the ends
of the collar are at a greater or less distance apart; the collar is
thereby fitted for the use of an ornamental clasp or button to keep it in
place.

page_text: The said Invention also comprises a clasp button for thus holding the
collar in position, the same being made in two parts capable of being
joined to or disconnected from each other by a spring catch provided
with spiral wire fasteners upon its inner side to adjust the attachment
of the device to the collar, or when desired its detachment therefrom.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR REGULATING AND SUPPLYING ILLUMINATING GAs
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by David Bruce Peebles at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st January 1873.
I, DAVID BRUCE PEEBLES, of the Fountain Bridge Works, Edinburgh,
in the County of Mid Lothian, North Britain, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR REGULATING AND SUPPLYING ILLUMINATING GAs," to be as follows :-
This Invention has principally for its object the contriving of
apparatus for regulating and supplying illuminating gas from portable
receivers in which the gas may be contained under very different
pressures at different times; but the improved regulating apparatus is
also applicable in cases where the gas is supplied from a stationary
receiver, or from the gas mains in the ordinary way.
The improved regulating apparatus comprises a regulating chamber,
within which all the working parts are contained, and into which the
gas from the receiver or supply pipe is admitted through a valve
aperture that is more or less closed by a conical or conoidal valve, the
gas passing onwards from the regulating chamber by a pipe or pipes to

page_text: the burners. The regulating chamber consists of rigid disc-shaped top
and bottom connected by a band of a suitable flexible material, such as
leather or skin, so that if the internal prossure should exceed that of the
atmosphere, together with the weight of the top, and of any load that
may be applied to it, the top can rise, and the chamber expand. The
inlet valve is fixed on a horizontal spindle, which is screwed to work in
an internally screwed bearing, and which is connected to the movable
top of the chamber, so as when the latter rises to turn the valve in the
direction for closing it. The connection between the valve spindle and
the chamber top may be by a simple lover arm on the spindle, and jointed
to a link, which is jointed to the top, or the top may be linked to a
toothed sector, which gears with a pinion on the valve spindle.
In supplying the gas from portable receivers, as for example in
carriages, or other locomotive structures, each burner or set of burners is
hold by a spiral or helical spring, and is supplied by flexible tubing; or
each burner or set of burners is carried and supplied by a coiled or
elongated branch of round or flattened metal tubing, of such extreme
lightness and smallness as to be elastic. The burner or set of burners
is supported clastically in this way to obviate the liability to the putting
out of the light by a sudden jerk which exists when the burner is held
rigidly.
Year: 1873

page_text: be obtained an improved surface to walk upon and the iron underneath
will be protected from the effects of corrosion to which it is ordinarily
exposed.
And in the case of wooden decks the application thereto of asphalte
in the way proposed will save the necessity of caulking as usual, and 5
will serve to strengthen and stiffen the ship, while at the same time
providing a means of protecting cargo from the liability to injury to
which it is at present exposed from water entering the ship through the
deck.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE TREATMENT OF TANNED HIDES AND SKINS, AND IN THE PROCESS OF CURRYING LEATHER
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Daniel Briggs and
Charles Mason at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 24th November 1873.
We, THOMAS DANIEL BRIGGS, of Horncastle, in the County of Lincoln,
Tanner, Currier, and Boot Manufacturer, and CHARLES MASON, of
Bermondsey, in the County of Surrey, Leather Merchant, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE
TREATMENT OF TANNED HIDES AND SKINS, AND IN THE PROCESS OF CURRYING
LEATHER," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to an improvement in the treatment of leather
whereby greater weight, softness, and durability are imparted to the
leather, and its color brightened or improved.
The improvement consists in impregnating the leather with a com-
position of glucose, tallow, and water, which may either be applied to
the tanned hides or skins before they are curried, or in the process of

page_text: currying after the operations of shaving and scouring, and before that
of stuffing.
The ingredients above mentioned are melted in proper proportions by
heat and applied in a warm state, and the leather is then exposed to the
air until the whole of the composition is absorbed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CIGAR HOLDERS
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Auguste Destouy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st August 1878.
I, AUGUSTE DESTOUY, of 35, Southampton Buildings, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN CIGAR HOLDERS," to be as follows :—
The Invention has for its object improvements in cigar holders
whereby greater facility is afforded for holding a cigar when it is being
smoked, and for releasing its hold on the cigar when it is desired to do
so. For this purpose I employ an instrument formed of two arms con-
nected together in such a way that by the aid of a spring the jaws shall
always tend to close on each other or on a cigar placed between them.
The jaws are formed on their inner sides of a concave shape, so that they
shall fit and properly clip or hold a cigar placed between them.
The arms of the instrument are extended a short distance backwards
from their point of connection, so that by pressing together their rear
ends the hold of the instrument on the cigar may be released. These

page_text: rear ends are so formed or are provided with stops so as to prevent the
straining of the spring on-pressing the rear ends of the arms together.
The spring may form the means of connection of the two arms, or it
may be formed separately therefrom.
In forming these cigar holders I prefer to make them in one piece, 5
either of wire properly bent to the form required to produce the arms,
jaws, connection and spring, or I form them in one piece of metal
stamped to the form required, but if desired the parts may be separately
formed and afterwards connected together.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF STOVES AND FIRE-GRATES FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Sam Haley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th March
1873.
I, SAM HALEY, of the Firm of Thomas Haley and Company, of
Bramley, near Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF
STOVES AND FIRE-GRATES FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL," to be as follows:
The object of my Invention is to dispense with the use of fire-grates
of ordinary construction, and the Invention is more especially applicable
to kitchen ranges having open fire-grates.
By the employment of my Invention waste heat which would other-
wise have passed up the chimney unemployed is utilized.
I provide a box or chamber of cast iron, varying in width to suit the
sizes of grates. This is placed over the fire-grate, and between the oven
and side boiler, if there be one. Attached to and projecting from this
and into the room or apartment is provided a small stove or grate, the
top of which is enclosed. An aperture is provided through which fuel
is supplied to the fire. This aperture may be closed at pleasure by a

page_text: suitable cover or lid. The flame and heated gases pass from the fire
into the chamber.
At the back of the chamber is provided a flue for conveying the smoke
into the ordinary chimney; openings are also provided through which
the flame and heat may be conducted under the boiler or oven.
of these openings as well as the flue is provided with dampers.
Each
The top of the chamber or box may be provided with any required
number of holes for cooking purposes, similar to an ordinary cooking
stove; these holes may be closed at pleasure by suitable covers.
.
By the herein-described arrangement of fire-grate or stove the heat 1
is better diffused into the room or apartment, and much less fuel
required.
AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF KNIVES FOR HARVESTING AND CHAFF-CUTTING MACHINES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Mitchell at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
February 1873.
I, JAMES MITCHELL, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Machine
Knife Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF KNIVES FOR HARVESTING AND CHAFF-CUTTING
MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacturing of knives for harvesting
machines and also of chaff-cutters, whether made straight or of a
concave or convex form, all of which are ground to a chisel edge, the
objects being to effect an economy in the use of the steel employed and
to ensure a proper toughness and temper to the blades.
The Invention consists in forming the knives of a combination of steel
and iron, such metals being so arranged that the steel will constitute
the cutting edge while the iron imparts tho requisito strength and
stiffness to the knife.
In carrying out this Invention I take an ingot of iron of a given
thickness and having heated it red hot I set it up endwise in a mould

page_text: so proportioned that it will fit the mould, leaving a space on one side
of the ingot of a breadth equal to say one half more or less of the
thickness of the ingot. This space I fill with molten cast steel and
leave the metal to cool, when the two metals will be found to adhere
together; or the iron may be applied in the molten state to a mould,
and when set, cast steel may be poured thereon. The plated ingot thus
obtained is, when taken from the mould, heated in a furnace and then
subjected to hammering, after which it is again heated and then
submitted to rolls in order to reduce the ingot to a plate of any required
thickness. The plate thus obtained is cut up in a fly press or by other
means into blades of the required shape, and the cutting edge of these
blades are then formed by grinding away the metal until a steel chisel
edge is produced. By manufacturing the knives of harvesting machines
and chaff-cutters of this combination of steel and iron it will be under-
stood that the best steel can with economy be used for the cutting edge
or edges, and that the iron will through its superior tenacity to the
more brittle steel so strengthen the knives as to enable them to sustain
without injury any sudden shock caused by meeting some extraneous
hard resisting material (which both the knives of harvesting machines
and the knives of chaff cutters are liable to do) a result never yet :
attained in this manufacture.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE, AND FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Wright at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th March
1873.
I, JOHN WRIGHT, of Leeds, in the County of York, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN THE CONSUMPTION OF SMOKE, AND FOR ECONOMIZING FUEL,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention is particularly applicable to Cornish boilers or others
having internal flues, but it may also be applied to other boilers not.
having internal flues, and is as follows:- -I form or mould in fire clay
a tube of suitable length, and an arched or other required form. This is
afterwards burnt hard in the manner of ordinary fire-clay tubes. The
upper or arched part of the tube is made of considerable thickness and
perforated longitudinally from end to end with holes. The tubes are
placed in the flues beyond the fire-grate, and form an obstruction for the
smoke and heated gases that pass from the fires, these being obstructed
by the tube a great proportion passes through the longitudinal per-
forations. A large amount of the heat by this means is absorbed by the
tube, which soon arrives at an intense heat. This intense heat is given

page_text: off to the boiler, thereby utilizing waste heat which would have other-
wise passed off into the chimney.
The tube also performs the duty of a smoke consumer as follows:-
The smoke and other inflammable gases coming in contact with and
passing through the tube heated in the manner described are burnt.
IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING ACORNS AND BEECH NUTS, WHICH APPARATUS MAY ALSO BE EMPLOYED IN THE TREATMENT OF OTHER SIMILAR SUBSTANCES
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Julius Liebert at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
March 1873.
I, JULIUS LIEBERT, of Kensington Park, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING ACORNS AND BEECH NUTS, WHICH
APPARATUS MAY ALSO BE EMPLOYED IN THE TREATMENT OF OTHER SIMILAR
SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The substances in their green state are placed in an apparatus or vessel
having several compartments separated the one from the other by
perforated partition plates. Centrally arranged within the vessel is a
revolving shaft having beaters or arms, which beaters or arms, when the
shaft is made to revolve by a winch or a driving pulley and band,
agitates the substances. While the substances are being agitated heat
is applied to the exterior of the vessel, thereby roasting or torrefying
the said substances, the vapours from which circulate through the
perforations of the partition plates. The compartments formed by the
said partition plates are designed for keeping the several substances

page_text: apart while under treatment, and an adjustable cap or cover is provided
for the vessel. When sufficiently roasted the substances are conducted
by a shoot to a gauze wire cylinder supported upon a central axis and
having longitudinal ribs or projections, which ribs or projections raise
the substances to a certain height from which they fall, thus separating
and cooling them more readily. After they are sufficiently cooled they
are conveyed to a hopper or shoot of any suitable form and material
which said hopper or shoot leads to a grinding apparatus consisting of a
central shaft carrying a corrugated or toothed cone working in an
internally corrugated cylinder or hollow cone, and a thumbscrew is
provided to adjust the grinding parts of the mill.
The central shaft and cone is rotated by a winch or pulley and band,
and the substances when ground are received in a draw or other
receptacle arranged beneath the mill and may then be applied as
desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MAKE OR MANUFACTURE OF TROWSERS AND SIMILAR ARTICLES OF WEARING APPAREL
Year: 1873

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Gold at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
September 1873.
I, LOUIS GOLD, of Durham Street, Strand, in the County of Middle-
sex, Tailor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MAKE OR MANUFACTURE OF TROWSERS AND SIMILAR
ARTICLES OF WEARING APPAREL," to be as follows:-
I take for example a pair of trousers, I complete the garment in the
usual manner, having done so I affix to the back part thereof at the
waist (which is plain, without gathers or strap) a piece of cloth of the
same pattern, or of other pattern; if the trowser be of thick cloth this
piece is furnished with five or more (according to the size of the wearer)
equidistant strips of whalebone from six to eight inches long, half an
inch wide, and very thin. I place two broad flaps or straps on the
inside of the garment from the side seams to the front where they meet
and are buttoned. When these flaps meet and are buttoned they (as
inner waist belt) draw the back part of the trowser well up to the loins,

page_text: and by causing it to press with elastic pressure serves as a support to
the body, dispensing entirely with the use of braces. Two straps are
placed on the outside of the trowser, one on each side and forward; each
strap is furnished with, a buckle, so that the garment may be tightened
to press the body or be loosened at pleasure.