Improvements in Vessels for Aerating Liquids, Applicable also for Preserving and Distributing Aerated and other Liquids.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 28th Jan., 1890-Accepted, 15th Mar., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vessels for Aerating Liquids, Applicable also for
Preserving and Distributing Aerated and other Liquids.
I, DONALD NICOLL of 12 Buckingham Street Charing Cross in the County of
London Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
I form Vessels of any suitable substance and I prepare the parts usually open for
the reception of liquids so that they may receive covers which may be screwed or
fastened down upon an elastic substance by preference that described by me in ny
Specification to Patent No. 13,971 dated 28th September 1888-thus preserving the
contents of the Vessels from deterioration through atmospheric influences and in order
to distribute the contents I pierce the said covers so that piston rods may be passed
through and be attached to discs which I wholly or partially cover with the substance
described in the above mentioned Patent so that the discs fit tight to the sides of the
Vessels which I perforate in order to charge the contents of the Vessels with carbonic
gas taking care that the said discs are raised in order to remain on the surface of the
charged liquid I then weight the top of the piston rods so as to drive down the discs
as liquid is withdrawn from the Vessels by a tap opened at the lower part of the same.
But when the contents of Vessels are not to be aerated but merely kept from deterio-
ration 1 do not use the said pistons or discs but apply to the pierced parts of the
covers of the Vessels plugs or stoppers formed by preference of wood which before
wedging into position I wholly or partially cover with the substance described in my
Patent herein referred to the said plugs or stoppers I pierce to receive others of
smaller dimensions and the latter are forced into position and kept there by metal
springs on lifting which the smaller plugs or stoppers are raised and sufficient air
admitted into the Vessels as will cause the liquid to flow from their taps the use of
ordinary vent pegs will thus be obviated as the pierced parts are automatically closed
on releasing the springs and the contents of Vessels saved from becoming stale or sour
or otherwise damaged.
Dated this Tenth day of December 1889
DONALD NICOLL.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Vessels for Aerating Liquids, Applicable also for
Preserving and Distributing Aerated and other Liquids.
I, DONALD NICOLL, of 12 Buckingham Street, Charing Cross, in the County of
London, Civil Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
I form Vessels of any suitable substance and I prepare the parts usually open for
the reception of liquids so that they may receive covers which may be screwed or
fastened down upon an elastic substance by preference that described by me in my
Specification to Patent No. 13971 dated 28th September 1888 thus, preserving the
contents of the Vessels from deterioration through atmospheric influences and in
order to distribute the contents I pierce the said covers so that hollow piston rods
may be passed through and be attached to discs or plungers which I prefer wholly or
partially to cover with the substance described in the above mentioned Patent so that
the discs or plungers fit tight to the sides of the Vessel which discs or plungers I
perforate and pass through them the aforesaid hollow piston rods in order to charge
the liquids being the contents of the Vessels with carbonic acid gas, taking care that

page_text: the said discs or plungers are raised in order to remain on the surface of the charged
liquid 1 then weight the top of the piston rods so as to drive down the discs or plungers
as liquid is withdrawn from the Vessels by a tap opened at the lower part of same.
For attaching the aforesaid hollow piston rod to the disc or plunger I prefer to
form at its lower end a worm or screw part of which passes through the upper and
lower sides of the disc or plunger and thus allows gas to enter beneath the raised
disc or plunger and when the gas is forced into the Vessel by any suitable aerating
or bottling machine I screw on to the upper end of the piston rod the weight already
described which weight I prefer to serve also as a handle to increase the pressure
needful to distribute the aerated liquids through the tap opened for that purpose. But
when the contents of Vessels are not to be aerated but merely kept from deteriora-
tion I do not use the said piston rods or discs or plungers but apply to parts of Vessels
or covers of the Vessels bungs or plugs or stoppers formed by preference of wood
which before wedging into position 1 wholly or partially cover with the elastic
substance described in my Patent herein referred to the said bungs plugs or stoppers
I pierce to receive others of smaller dimensions and the latter are forced into position
and kept there by metal springs on lifting which the smaller plugs or stoppers are
raised and sufficient air admitted into the Vessels as will cause the liquid to flow
from their taps the use of ordinary vent pegs will thus be obviated as the pierced
parts on the release of the plugs are automatically closed and the contents of Vessels
saved from becoming stale or sour or otherwise damaged. When the Vessels for
aerated liquids are unusually large I prefer to relieve the hollow piston rods from
friction by causing them to descend through an ornamental box or case containing a
substance known as Asbestos Lubricant and I then prefer to transfer the weight from
the top of the piston rods to the top part of the pierced discs or plungers which
piercings are made air tight by the weight being screwed on to an elastic pad round
the rods at the points where they pass through the discs or plungers.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed: I state that in respect to Vessels to
contain aerated liquids I do not restrict myself to the use of the substance described
in the Specification to my Patent hereinbefore referred to as I may under certain
circumstances apply to the discs or plungers herewith described asbestos expansion
sheeting or asbestos expansion rings or occasionally I may use vulcanized india rubber
and in respect to Vessels to contain liquids not aerated I do not restrict myself to the
use of springs attached to the bungs plugs or stoppers as in certain cases I also
attach them to the Vessels themselves taking care that the springs will act auto-
matically upon the vent pegs in the manner set forth :
I declare that what I claim is substantially the use of hollow piston rods for charging
liquids with gas within air tight Vessels from which Vessels the said rods project but are
only attached to moveable discs or plungers within the Vessels and upon these external
pressure may be brought to distribute aerated liquids by taps common for such
purposes I further declare that in respect to Vessels for preserving non-aerated liquids
1 claim the use of bungs plugs or stoppers with vent pegs forming part thereof and
by the use of metallic springs thereon to cause automatically the closing of vents
from which the pegs have been temporarily raised for the distribution of the contents
of the Vessels.
DONALD NICOLL.