Improvements in Machinery for the Preparation of Toilet Paper.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 11th July, 1893
Complete Specification Left, 1th Apr., 1894-Accepted, 30th June, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for the Preparation of Toilet Paper.
We JAMES MCHARDY of Zoffany House Chiswick Middlesex Scientific
Expert, MAURICE EDMUND ARNOLD WALLIS of Annandale House Chiswick
Middlesex Medical Practitioner and WALKER GEORGE DE FORGES GARLAND
of East Molesey Surrey Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
:-
In carrying this invention-which relates to Improvements in Machinery for
the Preparation of Toilet Paper-into practice, a suitable bed is provided with
bearings, fastenings, and other accessories for retaining and controlling a spindle
or its equivalent, which may be made to support a roll of paper at a convenient
distance from a pair of feed rollers. One of the said feed rollers may be provided
with such a surface as will act like the type on a rotary printing machine, and may
be fed with paste, or an equivalent, so as to place such a quantity of adhesive
material as may be required in such a form as may be found expedient, upon the
paper in passing. The feed rollers shall have any kind of motion required for the
work. If they have an intermittant rotary motion, we may employ such cam
wipers as shall start the feed gently so as to avoid the risk of tearing the paper,
and in conjunction with any such actuation, we may use any necessary ratchet or
friction gear, brakes or other contrivances for carrying out our invention.
.
At a convenient point we provide such telescopic plungers and tubes as shall
enable us to deposit a chemical for disinfecting purposes-(say within a ring of
paste already laid on by the feed)-cut out a piece of paper and press it down so
as to enclose the said chemical.
If necessary a drying surface, of any convenient construction, will be pro-
vided so that the adhesive may not cause the paper to stick when rolled or
packed up.
In conjunction with the aforesaid telescopic plungers and tubes, we shall use
any necessary appliances for automatically measuring and depositing the chemical,
such as minute American pumps, at the right time, dropping a given quantity into
a filler at the top of the tube when the same shall have moved down upon the
paper to prevent scattering. The action of this appliance will be somewhat as
follows; viz., a ribbon of suitable paper will pass through a slot at right angles
to the plunger. Having started the operation a hole shall have been made in the
ribbon of paper.
While the hole remains opposite the plunger an inside tube
comes clear through it and presses upon the toilet paper, and at the same moment
a minute quantity of the chemical is thrown down and deposited without scattering.
The said inside tube ascends, the ribbon is passed on by a suitable feed, the cutting
outside tube comes down and cuts a disc out of the ribbon, and an intermediate
tool descends and carries the said disc of paper into contact with the toilet paper
where it is retained by the paste already deposited. As before suggested we do
not confine ourselves to round or any shape in particular, as we may make the
paste deposit and the packet-which for convenience we may call a capsule,―of
any shape whatever by constructing the tools accordingly; or we may modify the
machinery so as to lay on, or fold in, a narrow line of the chemical; or we may
dispense with all adhesive and so construct the plunger as to fix up the capsule by
puncturing and pressing so that the shreds of the punctures may be folded
together. Having had the capsules affixed the material may be dried in any
convenient manner, after which it passes into the perforating or puncturing
apparatus with or without a second feed moving in unison with the first. The

page_text: perforating or puncturing may be done by means of blunt points or in any manner
suitable for the purpose. Passing on from the last operation the paper will be
rolled upon a spindle of construction suitable for the purpose by means of such
gear as shall compensate for the varying diameter of the roll. We provide
revolving knives at any convenient point for cutting the paper into the desired
width and if these knives act behind the roll they may be so combined with loose
rollers in a movable frame, as to regulate the speed of the feed gear or to stop the
machine when the roll is complete. We may also modify the parts in such a
manner as to cut the paper into sheets instead of perforating it, to effect which any
suitable appliances may be added.
Dated this 10th day of July 1893.
JAMES MC HARDY.
MAURICE E. A. WALLIS.
WALKER GEORGE DE FORGÈS GARLAND.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for the Preparation of Toilet Paper.
We JAMES MCHARDY of Zoffany House Chiswick Middlesex Scientific
Expert, MAURICE EDMUND ARNOLD WALLIS of Annandale House Chiswick
Middlesex, Medical Practitioner, and WALKER GEORGE DE FORGES GARLAND
of East Molesey Surrey Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this.
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to Improvements in Machinery for the Preparation of
Toilet Paper.
A suitable frame being provided (of any shape or design) and mounted with
the various bearings and fittings herein described, we place upon it several sets
of rollers cams and other appliances which shall enable us to carry out our purpose
which is to place a roll of paper in position so that it shall have deposited upon it
at intervals or otherwise, small quantities of a suitable chemical in the dry form-
it shall be punctured, if necessary, at suitable intervals for tearing readily-it shall
be cut into suitable sizes-and finally rolled up ready for the market. The
various parts are shown in the accompanying drawings which in conjunction with
the following references thereto completely describe the said invention :-
In Fig. 1. A B is a side view of a frame to carry all the parts.
1-a roll of paper upon which the machine operates. The said roll is upon a
movable spindle which is dropped into its berth.
The office of this feed is to pull out or
off from the web of paper a fresh portion of material, say one yard at each
2 and 3-the first pair of feed-rollers.
revolution.
4-a printing roller. This roller or revolving set of type geared with the feed,
receives upon its protruding type-surface, the paste (or its equivalent) from its
contact with a soft roller 5 and the said roller 5 is supplied with the paste by an
endless band running in a paste-trough on the principle of a tennis-court-marker.
The said revolving type (4) roller transfers the required (say) circles of paste to
the feed roller 2 which deposits the same upon the paper which passes upon
it, as hereinafter particularly described. 4 also represents a wheel on the end which
gears it to the feed.
5-a roller for transferring the paste to the type and which in turn is supplied
by 6-a belt from a paste trough. 7-a scraper adjustable to any supply of paste.
8 and 9 the second pair of feed rollers through which the web of paper passes.
.8 is geared to 2 (say by bevelled cogs). 9 not only forms the upper roller of the
feed 8 & 9 (geared to the same travel) but being provided with rows of blunt
points it punctures the paper as required for tearing.

page_text: Having taken into account these said parts and bearing in mind that 2345 8
and 9 are all geared to each other, and are of the same diameter we now observe
that 10-a pinion, driving 11-a cog carrying 2 and consequently, all the series of
the web-feed.
12-a ratchet wheel rigid with 10 and actuated by 13-a crank & pawl which,
again, is actuated by 14-a plunger or slotted guide working 13 by means of
15-a connecting rod. 16 a roller (upon the guide 14)-which engages 17-a
revolving wiper which lifts 14 and actuates 10 with an. increasing but suddenly
arrested velocity. N.B. 2 and all its connected rollers must make one complete
revolution and stop until the wiper 17 again comes round.
18-(see plan Fig. II) the main driving wheel of the machine, (which carries 17
as suggested) the motion of which may be transferred to any part of the
machine.
19, 20, 21 and 22 are revolving cams all geared one with another so as to travel
with precision. 19 is driven off a pinion on the spindle of 18.
23-a frame carrying a series of tubes (similar to a see Fig. III) and capable
of moving in the slots 25 and 26. (20 & 21 push down this frame immediately
after the feed of the web.)
24 a frame (similar to 23) carrying bb and c c (see Fig. III). 24 is actuated
downwards by the cams 19 and 22. (N.B. When released by the cams, these
frames spring into their normal position.)
25 and 26-the slots in which 23 moves up or down. 27-
7-a revolving wiper
which engages 28-a connecting rod with a notch which actuates 29-short levers
driving small American pumps by. ratchet-gear. 30-one of the series, of small
American pumps, emptying one bucket at a time-(periodically, as. 27 revolves)-
into 31-a filler at the top of the tube a. (see Fig. VI) .32-reservoir for the
chemical used in the process, (see also Fig. VI) 33-a series of small feed-rollers
(see plan Fig. 11) 34-short detachable rollers upon a frame that gives them a
spring down to their work between the continuous rollers 33.
35 (see plan Fig. 11) gear wheels on the ends of .33 working in 36-intermediate
cogs. (See also Fig. VIII.)
37-one of a number of rolls of narrow paper upon suitable pins or bearings. (See
also Fig. VII.) 38-a web. belt for. carrying off the refuse of the narrow- paper.
-39-a feed roller working against 40-the roller carrying the belt or web 38.
(N.B. 39 and 40 are geared together and driven at a speed exactly the same as
that of the rollers 33, i.e. as to the travel of the periphery.) 41-a crank ratch
feed-lever which gives 39 the required travel in the direction of the pay-off of the
refuse.
42-a connecting rod, which actuates 41 by means of 43-the crank pin in the
revolving cam 21.
44-a frame carrying all the. rollers 33 and all the gear wheels 35 and 36 (see
plan Fig. II)-(the short rollers 34 fitting in between the upright bearings d d &c.).
This said frame is capable of being raised, by means of a rack (or its equivalent)
and crank handle.
45-crank-handle fitting.
46-slots in which the frame 44 moves as required.
The operation of the machine so far, will be as follows; vic. :-The rolls of
narrow paper 37 are placed upon their bearings. The short rollers, 34, are removed.
The frame 44 is raised to the top of the slots 46.
The ends of the narrow paper
are brought down, passed under 33 on the right side, through the slot ff-(see
Fig. III) in d; under the next roller 33 and up to the waste web-feed 39 and 40.
The connecting rod 42 is then ungeared and a short manual stroke of the lever 41
will cause the feed to grip the ends of the paper strips when presented. The
frame 44 is lowered to its working position and the short rollers are replaced, care
being taken to tighten the paper round the said rollers and through the slot, but,
leaving the refuse such play as will not cause it to tear.
The machine receiving one revolution the effect will be, that the plungers a (see

page_text: +
also Fig. III) which are practically tubes that prevent the scattering of the
chemical, will first descend. They will necessarily tear holes in the paper ribbon
in this starting operation but that in no way relates to the invention. It is merely
in the starting that the ribbon paper refuse has to be cleared away; afterwards, all
the previously cut holes remain stationary while the tubes descend to deposit the
chemical, and the ribbon feed is actuated in time to bring the ribbon along for the
cutters (cc Fig. III) to shear out discs of paper to be subsequently carried
down and stuck to the rings of paste on the web by the pad bb (see Fig. III where
the circular pad plunger is represented in section at bb). c c next descends and
cuts out the paper of the ribbon which remains opposite the plunger holes. The
refuse is then cleared away and the connecting rod 42 is replaced in working
position.
Having filled the reservoirs, 32 with the chemical to be used, the pumps (see
also Fig. VI) are actuated by hand until the highest buckets are charged. It is
understood that the pump is so actuated that one minute bucket is discharged into
each tube (a) while the said tube is close down upon the main web of paper and
consequently capable of depositing the contents within the ring of paste without
scattering.
If the paste trough be now ready for work a turn of a crank-handle upon the
spindle of 2 will cause the endless band, 6, to carry the paste to the roller 5.
(N.B.5 is a roller with a plain surface which becomes smeared all over with paste,
and corresponds to the ink roller of a printing machine.) The roller 4 however
has a surface like a circular type roller. Say the type upon it are in the form of
protruding circles: but 4 is in contact with 5 consequently it takes a charge of
paste from 5, (not upon its flat surface but upon the type before mentioned). Then
as the said type also come in contact with the plain surface of the feed roller 3 it
practically prints upon 3 a series of circles of paste which are transferred to the
web of paper as required for forming the capsules. The web of paper being
presented, the feed is turned. The paper is stretched and drawn through, and
introduced at the feed 8 and 9. The feed is again turned to the exact working
position. The crank handle is then removed and the machine is made to take a
turn (if power be used). The tubes a shall, then have descended by the operation
of the cams 20 and 21, and while pressing down upon the paper inside the paste-
circles, the wiper 27 shall have emptied into the said tubes the proper charge of
the chemical, by means of the American pumps. As a ascends, the narrow paper 37
is fed by the action of the ratchet crank 41-(N.B. 41 actuates all the small
feeds, 33)-the clipping tubes c (Fig. III) descend and cut out the round pieces
(as more readily understood from the details of Fig. III) and the pads bb proceed
downwards carrying and pressing the paper discs down upon the paste circles, and
so inclosing the chemical." As b the pads (Fig. III) again ascend, the wiper 17
engages 16 and sets the main feed in motion, which carries out the newly made
capsules to rest for two or three seconds above the drying apparatus while at the
same time the puncturing roller 9 shall have operated upon that part of the web of
paper which shall pass under it.
The aforesaid drying apparatus is merely that part of the bench between the
last row of plungers and the feed 8 and 9. It may be heated by any convenient
means to the temperature necessary for drying the newly made capsules in the short
space of time during which the wiper 17 is disengaged, and consequently leaves the
whole web of paper at rest.
The chemical deposited upon the paper as described is of the nature of a
disinfectant. We prefer to use permanganate of potash, but it is manifest that our
said invention will enable us to make capsules of any dry material.
47 (Fig. 1 & Fig. II) is a supposed set of rolls filled.
48 (Fig. II) is a V pulley upon a short spindle having upon it a pair of driving
snugs and a female centre capable of receiving and carrying 49-(Fig. 1) the
rolling spindle hereinafter particularly described as 56 and 57.
50-(Fig. II) a spring female centre for admitting the roller-spindle. 51-(see

page_text: also Fig. II) a frame hinged at the top upon a spindle, like a cross cut circular-
saw-frame, and carrying, at the foot, 52-a spindle having upon it (see Fig. II)-
53-several circular knives, the depth of cut being regulated by 54-loose rollers..
upon the same spindle. 55-a V pulley driving the said circular knives.
56-a flange upon which is fixed a male centre and a spindle almost the whole.
length of the spindle as represented at 49. 57 a similar flange having a tubular-
spindle of the exact length of 49, but sawn up so that in most of its length it may
contract and expand: Now, if 56 be a gage larger than the inside of 57, the mill--
board may be placed loosely upon 57 and at once tightened by the insertion of 56-
as an expander. The use and object of this part of the invention will be more
clearly understood if we bear in mind that the mill-board used for the centre of
the roll of toilet paper is practically in the form of a tube. It must be handled.
rapidly to save time. It must fit upon a portable spindle, several of which shall be.
in readiness for insertion.
The V pulley 48 as above described (see Fig. II) is driven by the overhead'
gear Fig. IV. The spindle is capable of being inserted so as to be caused to
revolve by the V pulley 48 (but any equivalent to 48 may be used). Now if the
mill-board tube be of (say) one inch diameter inside it would be difficult to push
an inch spindle (say a tube) in through three feet of it. If however we slit.
the tubular inch spindle it will readily give to the mill-board tube and pass..
into it. The insertion in the opposite direction of an expanding piece to force.
out the slit tube will be an easy matter owing to the rigidity of the tube and
spindle so that the operation completed-the mill-board will be tightly fitted.
to a spindle, (ready to be inserted in any conveniently easy manner) capable.-
of being driven say by a V pulley 48 Fig. II.
Fig. IV-driving gear, for the winding roller, in which A-a plain cone
driving B-a drum, which in turn drives 48 (Fig. II) by a belt in the V pulley..
Can elastic belt moved upon the cone by d d-roller-striking-gear. Now as
dd move in unison with the frame 51 Fig. 1, the necessary compensation in rolling.
the paper is secured.
Fig. Van alternative drive for rolling the paper.
A-the cone
as in Fig. IV. B-the drum. C-a round band guidedi
by X-a deeply grooved pulley forming, with Y,-a tension pulley, a kind.
of sheath-block. -a hinge spindle moving in the line of the cone, like a
striking gear, actuated by the knife-frame (51 Figs. I & II). L-a lever arm--
(the rollers X X and Y being carried by it) for regulating the tension and
allowing for variation by W-the weight.
In order that the action of the gear Figs. IV and V may be thoroughly under-
stood we must bear in mind that as the roll of paper increases in diameter
(see Figs. 1 and 2 at 47) it must require fewer revolutions for actually rolling it...
In Fig. I the difference of travel is provided by simply allowing one of the belts.
to slip, its travel being always greater than the travel actually required. Figs. IV
and V are a speed gear which may be used to compensate for the enlarging of the
roll so as to minimise the friction of a sliding belt. It is manifest that if the -
said speed gear be fixed in any convenient position (say overhead) and if A be
driven by a belt from (say) 9 of Fig. I the said cone A will drive the drum B.
(both of Figs. IV and V) with a speed in proportion to the position of the belt C...
Now as d d carries the said belt to one end or the other of the cone A all that
is required to obtain the proportionate speed, is any convenient chain and pulley
connexion between the moving or striking gear dd Fig. IV and the frame 51
of Fig. I.
Fig. V is practically an end view of Fig. IV with only this difference that in
Fig. IV we use an expanding belt C but in Fig. V we use an ordinary band.
as indicated by the dotted lines and compensate for the various required lengths
by means of a tension pulley Y in a lever L pivotted at f and influenced by a
weight W. In any case the motion or position of the circular knife frame causes-
the belt to travel upon such a diameter of the cone A as to procure a speed.

page_text: to roll up the finished paper with a travel exactly the same as that of the main.
feed of the web of paper. In other words as 54 Fig. II is pushed out by the
increasing roll upon the expanding spindle 56 57 (Fig. II) the band upon the cone A
Figs. IV and V moves to the smaller diameter of the cone and so decreases the
number of revolutions of the roll in proportion to its increasing bulk.
We may so connect the main striking gear with the knife-frame (51 Fig. I) that
the belt will be thrown off when the rolls of paper are complete.
We subjoin the following separate explanation of Fig. III as it may not be
completely understood.
Fig. III. a-a tube telescoping into bba thick telescopic plunger. This
plunger is rigid with 24 of Fig. 1, and carries with it, by means of a spring, c c-
c-the
cutting tube which only descends as far as the stop. This forms a bearing
guide for bb and itself slides in d d-a tube-like fitting provided with a slot
through which the narrow paper is fed. ff-the said slot for the paper ribbon.
gg-the slot for the main web of the paper.
- a contrivance for drawing up the cutting tube c c.
N.B. The parts marked e ou the side of Fig. I, are the ends of transverse pieces
which form bases into which the plunger-bearings d d Fig. III may be threaded.
Fig. VI an enlarged drawing of one of the American pumps in which the
various parts herein described are numbered as in Fig. I at 30 31 and 32.
30-the complete contrivance.
31-the filler at the top of a-the plunger-tube.
32 the reservoir for supply.
Fig. VII one of the series of rolls of narrow paper for supplying the covers
to inclose the chemical. For the numbers see Fig. I at 33, 34, 37, 39 and 40.
Fig. VIII-an enlarged drawing of the cogs and intermediates as in Fig. II
at 35, 36.
As a matter of course we do not confine ourselves to particular shapes or
dimensions and we may add such parts to our machine as shall enable us to
meet requirements such as cutting the paper into squares or oblongs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
1. The interrupted feed gear for the web of paper, as herein described.
2. The appliances for depositing the paste (or its equivalent) as herein described.
3. The feed gear for carrying the narrow paper as herein described.
4. The telescopic plunger as particularly set forth in Fig. III.
5. The puncturing feed as herein described.
6. The frame and appurtenances as described and represented at 51 Figs. I and II.
7. The expanding spindle as herein set forth.
8. The speed gear as set forth in Fig. IV.
Each and all as combining to form
9. A machine as herein set forth and as herein described for the purpose of
affixing capsules as required, puncturing the paper cutting it and rolling it ready
for use.
Dated
GLIB 11th day of April
1001.
JAMES MCHARDY.
MAURICE E. A. WALLIS.
WALKER GEORGE DE FORGES GARLAND.