IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES AND GRATES OR APPARATUS FOR COOKING, HEATING, AND OTHER STOVE OR GRATE USES, WITH ROTARY MOTION ARRANGE- MENTS, AND WITH APPLIANCES FOR RENDERING THE SAME USEFUL FOR FUMI- GATING, REFRIGERATING, SIPTING, WINNOWING, CHURNING, CUTTING, AND OTHER PURPOSES WHERE SUCH ROTARY MOTION ARRANGEMENTS MAY BE CAPABLE OF BEING USED
Year: 1869

page_text: ETTERS PATENT
to Francis
to Francis Joseph Drechsler, of 21, Cockspur
Street, Westminster, in the County of Middlesex, for the Inven-
tion of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES AND GRATES OR APPARATUS FOR COOKING,
HEATING, AND OTHER STOVE OR GRATE USES, WITH ROTARY MOTION ARRANGE-
MENTS, AND WITH APPLIANCES FOR RENDERING THE SAME USEFUL FOR FUMI-
GATING, REFRIGERATING, SIPTING, WINNOWING, CHURNING, CUTTING, AND OTHER
PURPOSES WHERE SUCH ROTARY MOTION ARRANGEMENTS MAY BE CAPABLE OF
BEING USED."
Sealed the 25th February 1870, and dated the 27th August 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Francis Joseph Drechsler
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
ou the 27th August 1869.
I, FRANCIS JOSEPH DRECHSLER, of 21, Cockspur Street, Westminster,
in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES AND GRATES OR APPARATUS FOR
COOKING, HEATING, AND OTHER STOVE OR GRATE
[Price 8d.]
USES, WITH ROTARY MOTION

page_text: ARRANGEMENTS, AND WITH APPLIANCES FOR RENDERING THE SAME USEFUL FOR
FUMIGATING, REFRIGERATING, SIPTING, WINNOWING, CHURNING, CUTTING, AND
OTHER PURPOSES WHERE SUCH ROTARY MOTION ARRANGEMENTS MAY BE CAPABLE
OF BEING USED," to be as follows:-
I have a cylindrical or other case (either a single or double casing)
placed vertically with its upper part open and its lower part partly
closed. This lower part or bottom has a spindle at its centre, which
spindle is made to rotate by means of gearing and is fitted with a re-
volving grate or with the appliances for giving useful effect to the rotary
motion obtainable by means of the said gearing. Over the apparatus
in proximity to its centre and in a line with the rotary spindle below
a provision is made in the form of an arm, placed on the outside of the
apparatus for the reception of another spindle, and for appliances such
as refrigerators, mixers, and winnowers, driers, churning appliances,
or otherwise. Instead of a direct rotary action as above described I
can use a lever with too-and-fro action provided with suitable gearing
for giving the rotary motion required. The stove or apparatus has an
opening on one side with a nozzle or pipe over it to afford passage for
air, smoke, dust, and water. It has also another opening on its lower
part for the passage of ashes, seed, and air. The upper circumference
of the shell of the apparatus is the receptacle of such accessories as vases
and lids, kettles, saucepans, and so forth.
The apparatus can be made of small size and easily portable, and
adaptable to a bench, table, or floor, and the rotary motion may be
given by hand, or when the stove or apparatus is of large size may be
effected by steam power which may be derived from the apparatus
itself.
The peculiar position and mode of working the substances submitted
to its operation is a great point, since the substance, supposing it to
be pasty, liquid, or dry like seed is thrown round and against the con-
taining case without a perceptible additional exertion on the part of
the operator, and is thus kneaded, mixed, or beaten in itself, without
the addition of a mixer. A fluid worked in such a position is also less
liable to spilling or running over. When my stove or apparatus is used
for fumigating greenhouses or other places containing plants, in order
to prevent flame issuing therefrom so as to burn the plants I place wire
gauze across the passage for the smoke.

page_text: The above arrangements may be applied to grates for steam engines,
whether locomotive or otherwise.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Francis Joseph Drechsler in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 26th February 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANCIS
JOSEPH DRECHSLER, of 21, Cockspur Street, Westminster, in the County
of Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of August, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and I grant unto me, the said Francis Joseph Drechsler, Her special licence
that I, the said Francis Joseph Drechsler, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Francis Joseph Drechsler, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others,, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN STOVES AND GRATES. OR APPARATUS FOR COOKING. HEATING. AND OTHER STOVE
OR GRATE USES. WITH ROTARY MOTION ARRANGEMENTS, AND WITH APPLIANCES FOR
RENDERING THE SAME USEFUL FOR FUMIGATING, REFRIGERATING, SIFTING, WIN-
NOWING, CHURNING, CUTTING, AND OTHER PURPOSES WHERE SUCH ROTARY MOTION
ARRANGEMENTS MAY BE CAPABLE OF BEING USED," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Francis Joseph Drechsler, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Francis Joseph Drechsler, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner

page_text: the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:--
My improved stove or apparatus consists of a case (by preference
cylindrical, whether single or double, that is, inner and outer), which
case has its upper part opening into a funnel and its lower part closed
or so far open as to provide a proper aperture for air supply and for
discharge of ashes and other matters as may be desirable. The lower
part or bottom (or when the stove or apparatus is to act horizontally
then one of the ends) is provided with a spindle, which is made to rotate
by means of gearing or by direct action on the spindle, and is fitted
with a revolving grate, or as occasion may require with the appliances
for giving useful effect to the rotary motion obtainable by the above
means. Over the apparatus in proximity to its centre and in a line
with the rotary spindle below provision should be made outside of the
apparatus to allow of the reception of another spindle for working
such useful appliances as refrigerators, mixers, winnowers, driers, cutters,
graters, roasting jacks, churning appliances, or others; and in order to
allow for the introduction of fuel a door is to be provided above the
grate, and for facilitating cleaning and the use of appliances of the
various kinds which may be used in conjunction with this stove or
apparatus with useful effect the top of the apparatus ought be a
moveable one, so as to allow of the various appliances being fitted into
position and afterwards removed as occasion may require. Instead
of a direct rotary action as above described I can use a lever with a
too-and-fro action provided with gearing for giving the rotary motion
required. The stove or apparatus having an opening in one side with
a nozzle or funnel for the passage of fire, air, smoke, dust, and water, and
another opening in the bottom or lower part for the exit of ashes, seed,
air, or otherwise, due circulation and communication with any receptacle
or vessel may be maintained as required.
The apparatus can, when desired, be made of such a small size as to
be easily portable, and rotary motion may be given by hand; and when
of large size rotary motion may be obtained by treadle or by steam
or other power, and if steam the same may be generated in a boiler
forming part of the apparatus.
It will be evident to the practical man that this stove or apparatus
can be used for a variety of objects for which rotary motion may be

page_text: with statement of the manner in which the said Invention is to be
performed or carried into practical effect.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan of fumigating stove
or fumigator; Fig. 3, detached view of wire gauze stopper for the
funnel of same; Fig. 4, section of stove suitable for distilling purposes
with still applied thereto; Fig. 5, section of stove with boiler which
occupies the space between the inner and outer cases with an opening
at top for a kettle which is shown in use. If desired, the boiler space
may be used as an air space or receptacle for sand or otherwise. Fig. 6,
partial section of an arrangement of the upper part of the stove designed
for use in mixing and roasting; Figs. 7 and 8, section and plan of
rotary grade detached; Fig. 9 section of stove or apparatus arranged
for use as a winnowing, seed cleaning, and drying apparatus; Figs. 10
and 11, section and plan of the stove or apparatus when arranged for
use as a slicing apparatus; Figs. 12 and 13 section and plan of the stove
or apparatus when arranged for use as a sifting apparatus; Fig. 14,
section of the stove or apparatus arranged for use as a straining
apparatus; Fig. 15, section of the stove or apparatus arranged for use
as a freezing machine; Fig. 16, stove arranged for chemical purposes
and shown with a crucible inserted therein; Fig. 17, stove arranged
for use as a cleansing and washing apparatus with horizontal rotary
knife cleaner, polisher, or grinder fitted on the top thereof.

page_text: In the said Figures, A denotes the axis or spindle of the grate (or
rotative article which may on occasion be substituted for the grate);
A¹ the gearing for actuating the said spindle (A) when power is applied
to the handle or spindle A2. B, rotative arms secured to the spindle A
to which the rotative grate B* is attached in order that rotary motion
may be communicated thereto; C, denotes air and discharge opening
wherever the same is represented; D, denotes the nozzel and funnel
E, a semicircular handle sometimes secured at top of the stove, which
in the arrangement exhibited in Fig. 15 has an upright rod secured
thereto, this rod being fitted into a socket s constructed in the bottom
of a freezer cylinder f, c, the said rod being provided with stirrer arms,
as shewn. This freezer cylinder works in a rotative ice receive i, 1.
The arrangement at Fig. 6 is in practice provided with semicircular
handle, but it is not shown in the Drawing. The spindle s at Fig. 6 could
be secured to the semicircular handle by means of a socket in which
its top end could turn. It will be seen that the spindle is shown
provided with stirrer arms s, «, which work in a concave case open
at top, the said spindle s being secured at its lower end to the top of
the grate B* as shown. F, hinged lid to removable top of stove. G, a
feed hole, sometimes provided independent of the top lid stopped
by hinged door or plug; H (Fig. 4), denotes the still and still head;
1 (Fig. 5), boiler space. In said Fig. 5 the stove has a moveable
top with circular opening to admit of the insertion of a kettle, which
is shown in use. Instead of the kettle arrangement suitable cooking
vessels may be fitted at top of the stove. K (Fig. 9) is a hopper
through which grain or seed to be winnowed, cleaned, and sifted, and
dried pass to a sieve L, through which the grain or seed is sifted, passing
into a shoot M which conveys the grain or seed into the nozzle or funnel
(D), provided with louvre boards N, and here the grain or seed is
winnowed by the action of the wind produced by the fans 0, 0, which
are secured by the arms P to an upright spindle Q which is worked
by the rotative arms B on the top of the motion spindle A herein-before
referred to; R (Figs. 10 and 11) is an open pan or vessel fitted into
the top of the stove or apparatus, in the lower part of which vessel
there is an opening R¹ to allow material to be sliced to pass to be
operated on by the cutter T fitted on the top of another vessel or
receiver (U) of the sliced or grated material. The top of this latter
vessel being provided with narrow apertures (shown by the full lines

page_text: in Fig. 11) situate just beneath the cutters to allow of the slices passing
into vessel U, which vessel is fitted on the arms B on the top of the
motion spindle A, and so receives rotary motion; W (Figs. 12 and 13)
denotes a hopper communicating at bottom with a circular rotating sieve
an upright spindle X working therein which has stirrers or mixers Y
thereon (Fig. 14) denotes the strainer bag, made of felt or other
suitable material, fitted into a vessel which is connected as shown
with the rotative motion arrangements herein-before referred to. Fig. 15,
which shows the freezer arrangements, having been herein-before
described needs no further description except to state that the same may
be used as a churn. 6, r, (Fig. 16) denote the crucible fitted into the
top of the grate; k, c, (Fig. 17) denote the stone or buff leather disc for
cleaning and polishing knives and other articles. This is fitted on the
top of a vessel to be supplied with water or cleansing liquid so as to
form a combined knife cleaning and washing machine.
The application of my said Invention to steam engine furnaces will
be readily understood by practical engineers and needs no description.
The various Figures shown in the accompanying Drawings represent
several forms, arrangements, and adaptations of my stove or apparatus.
But although there are others which might be adopted with advantage
and it will be unnecessary to describe them after what has been herein
described and shown by the Drawings; but I may remark that by suitably
arranging and directing the pipes or funnels heat, smoke, air, or vapour
may be transmitted in any desirable course. Further, it will be evident
that the rotating arms, grate, or the added or substituted appliances
may be arranged horizontally instead of vertically as shown.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my
said Invention, and in what manner the same may be performed or
carried out in practice, I hereby declare that I claim the herein described
Invention of "Improvements in Stoves and Grates or Apparatus for
Cooking, Heating, and other Stove or Grate Uses, with rotary Motion
Arrangements, and with Appliances for Rendering the same Useful for
Fumigating, Refrigerating, Sifting, Winnowing, Churning, Cutting, and
other Purposes where such Rotary Motion Arrangements may be
capable of being Used," whereby a stove or apparatus is produced
which can be used as a stove or as a fumigator having rotary motion
arrangements for the purposes of producing, blowing, centrifugal, and

page_text: centripetal action, without the use of other blowers, fans, or steam
blast, and directing the current of heat, air, flame, smoke, or vapour,
and by fitting which said apparatus (either in addition to, or in sub-
stitution for, the stove or fumigator grate (with my improved appliances
herein described or articles or things to be rotated the objects and
intentions of my said Invention as herein-before described may be carried
into effect.
In witness whereof, I, the said Francis Joseph Drechsler, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-sixth day of
February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy.
F. J. DRECHSLER. (L S.)
Witness,
THOMAS MORGAN,
Clerk to the
Inventors' Patent Right Association, Limited,
Patentees' Agents,
21, Cockspur Street,
Charing Cross.