Improvements in Oil Lamps.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 4th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 1st Apr., 1893--Accepted, 2nd June, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil Lamps.
I CHARLES HIDE of No. 2 Highton Terrace St. Elizabeth's Road Worthing in
the County of Sussex Architect & Surveyor do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
It consists in its being an improvement in oil lamps to those at present in use
and known in the trade as those of the central air tube pattern (a typical example
of the class of lamp referred to is that known as the "Veritas" oil lamp). In this
particular lamp for which I now apply for "provisional protection" the aforesaid
improvement may be described as one having a threefold character.
The first is by the simple addition of a certain mechanical appliance the lamp is
furnished with an apparatus which will automatically extinguish the flame should
that lamp be accidentially upset while the flame is still burning.
The second is by another slight modification of the same mechanical appliance
(above mentioned). The flame of such lighted wick can be extinguished at will
either if used as a table lamp or a hanging one.
The third is in consequence of the particular construction of the aforeaid
extinguisher and flame spreader the currents of air which feed the flame are so
arranged as to cause a more perfect combustion of the particles of carbon in the
flame and so give additional brilliancy to the same. Added to this and inseperable
to the proper and effectual working of the same, the lamp is supplied with a
specially designed glass chimney so constructed with annular contractions the effect
of which is that it serves to press the air passing up the outside air passage into
closer proximity with the flame, and so effects the outside surface of the flame the
same as the extinguisher and flame spreader do to the inside surface of the same.
Furthermore this aforesaid glass chimney simultanously produces further improve-
ments. In the old type of the lamp such as that known as the "Veritas" pattern
a considerable portion of the flame produced by the burning wick is covered up by
the metal air contractor consequently the whole of the light produced by that
portion of the flame is rendered inoperative for the purposes of illuminating the
room, but by the use of this glass chimney this metal air contractor can be
dispensed with and so the illuminating surface of such flame can be used to its
maximum. The benefit accruing to the user is either an increased power of
illumination for the same amount of oil consumed or if each lamp is taken at the
same rate of candle power a saving in oil per day. And lastly, the portion of the
chimney through which the light passes to illuminate the room is made so that it
acts as a lense or reflector by which means the light passing through it is directed
downwards and distributes it in the direction it is most needed.
To explain the nature of this invention more fully I have prepared a set of
drawings comprising 5 sheets.
Sheet No. 1. This drawing is intended to shew a section through the centre of
the improved new lamp drawn to scale of of an inch to an inch. (The remaining
drawings are each drawn to the same scale.)
This shews a lamp seated in its vase or recepticle, within the central tube of
which is placed the automatic extinguishing apparatus.
By this also may be seen the appliance by which the flame can be extinguished
at will either as a table lamp or as a hanging one.
Sheet 2. This drawing is intended to shew the primary parts of this particular
invention.

page_text: Fig. 2 Sheet 2 shews elevation and part section of the extinguishing apparatus
put together & placed as it were in position in the central air tube of the lamp.
(The dotted lines shew the walls of the central air tube and the stop fixed therein.)
Fig. 3 Sheet 2 shews view of extinguisher as seen from above when the movable
portion of the flame spreader is removed.
Fig. 4 Sheet 2 shews view of extinguisher as seen from below the cross shaped
guide at point marked A. B on Fig. 2 Sheet 2.
Fig. 5 Sheet 2 shews elevation of the upper part of the flame spreader which is
attached to the extinguishing apparatus.
Fig. 6 Sheet 2 shews view of the last described portion as viewed from above.
Fig. 7 Sheet 2 shews view of lower section of Fig. 5 Sheet 2 when divided at
point C. D.
Fig. 8 Sheet 2 shews elevation of iron connecting rod which connects the
extinguisher with the brass slide of the automatic apparatus.
Figs. 9. 10. 11 & 12 Sheet 2, are respectively longitudinal section, elevation, top
view, and section cut through same at points marked E. F on Figs. 9 & 10 Sheet 2
of inner slide tube of the automatic extinguishing apparatus.
Figs. 13 & 14 Sheet 2 are respectively plan and section through the perforated
stop or guide which is fixed in the air tube at the designed spot and acts as a base
from which the lower spring acts upon the inner slide tube and also prevents the
said inner slide passing upwards beyond a certain limit.
Fig. 15 Sheet 2. This shews a plan of the foot of the automatic extinguishing
apparatus perforated to allow the admission of air up the tube. The inner tube is
shewn as fixed to the same but the outer tube is removed.
The outer tube or slide is shewn by section & elevation at foot of drawing Fig. 2
Sheet 2.
Figs. 16 & 17 Sheet 2 are respectively half elevation and plan of appliance fitted
to the lamp and connected to the extinguisher, by means of which the extinguisher
can be made use of at will, when used as a table lamp.
Fig. 18. Sheet 2 is intended to shew the method by which the extinguisher is
clasped by the appliance as shewn by Fig. 16. Sheet 2.
Sheet No. 3 is a drawing shewing Figs. 19 & 20, these being respectively half
section & half elevation of those portions of the lamp which have been modified so
as to meet the special requirements of my improvements.
Figs. 21 & 22 Sheet 4 are respectively half elevation & half section of the vase
or recepticle upon which (when the lamp is placed therein and fitted with the
automatic extinguishing apparatus) it rests and adjusts itself for lighting.
Figs. 23 & 24 Sheet 4 are respectively plans of the vase or recepticle as
mentioned above. The former as seen from above and the latter as seen from
below. The bottom it will be seen is perforated this is to allow free admission of
air up the air tube.
The vase or receptacle for the lamp is supposed to be provided with suspension
branches which also could be made to support a reflector if necessary; this has not
been shewn because of the limited space.
Sheet No. 5 is a sectional drawing of the special glass chimney designed for my
lamp shewing the contractions and reflecting parts as mentioned before.
I will now proceed to describe in detail. the construction and working of the
improved lamp for which I now seek "provisional protection" before applying for
"Letters Patent."
I firstly construct an oil vessel of the ordinary pattern marked G on Sheets No. 1
& 3 to which for convenience of handling, is fitted with two handles (marked H on
same Sheets No. 1 & 3.
To this work I fit a brass tube of sufficient length and diameter (which is marked
in Sheets No. 1 & 3 by the letter I) at a proper distance as shewn by the
drawings I place & fix to this brass tube a brass stop such as is shewn on Sheet 2
Figs. 13 & 14 & marked on Sheets 1 & 3 by the letter J.

page_text: I next construct & fit to the same an appliance simular in character & con-
struction to those now used in the Veritas oil lamp for the rasing and lowering of
the wick marked on Sheets 1 & 3 by the letter K.
Other methods for rasing & lowering the wick could be adopted but I have
selected this method for convenience sake only.
To this is first fitted and attached by a screw joint, the outer casing of the lamp
wick (marked on Sheet 1 & 3 by the letter L) and to this is made fitted and
attached by a screw joint the ornamental & moulded brass work designed to
support the glass chimney (& globe if required) and marked in Sheets No. 1 & 3
by the letter M.
This last is surmounted with an ornamental brass gallery fitted and screwed to
same (and marked N in the Sheets No. 1 & 3) which will receive the glass
chimney (& globe if desired) the inner edge it may be noticed is turned over this
is intended to receive the spiral spring.
The above mentioned parts are modifications of old patterns adapted to meet
the requirements of the new design. I shall now describe the construction of the
new parts the addition of which to those above mentioned make up the improve-
ments for which I now apply for a provisional protection.
I firstly take a properly constructed base or foot piece as shewn see Fig. 15
Sheet 2 and marked by the letter O in Sheets 1 & Fig. 2 Sheet 2. to which is
fitted by a screw joint the inner slide tube of the automatic extinguishing apparatus
shewn on drawings as Fig. 9. 10. 11 & 12. Sheet 2 and marked by the letter P in
Sheet 1 and Fig. 2 Sheet 2.
I then take the outer cylinder (a description of which is shewn see drawings
Sheet 1 & Fig. 2 Sheet 2 marked by the letter Q) which has been made so as to
fit the air tube and fix by means of a screw joint to the foot piece above described
(and as shewn Fig. 15 Sheet 2 and marked by the letter O in Sheet 1 & on Fig. 2
Sheet 2).
I next take a properly constructed steel spiral spring simular to that as shewn on
the drawings and marked by the letter R in Sheets 1 & 2 Fig. 2 and put it over
the inner cylinder so that it may rest upon the upper surface of the foot piece
marked O.
Then place this work in the central air tube of the lamp from the bottom as
shewn in Sheet 1. & Fig. 2 Sheet 2.
Make & place the iron connecting rod as shewn in Fig. 8 Sheet 2 (and marked
in Sheets 1 & 2 Fig. 2 by the letter S) in the inner cylinder from the bottom with
the screw end upwards as far as it will pass (the end with ring attached will then
be in position to attach a line so as to work the extinguishing apparatus when
completed when the lamp is used as a hanging one).
Again over the part of this connecting rod that projects above the inner cylinder
(marked P on Sheets 1. & 2. Fig. 2) I place a properly constructed spiral steel
spring of approved length & strength (marked by the letter T. on Sheets 1 & 2
Fig. 2) I then attach the improved combined air spreader & extinguisher to the
screwed end of the connecting rod marked by the letter Uon Sheets 1 & 2
(a section of the same is shewn on left hand half of Sheet No. 1 & elevation of
same on the right hand half of do., and also on Fig. 2 Sheet 2).
Over this extinguisher I place an additional vase shaped air spreader which is
shewn on the drawings see Sheet 2 by Figs. 5. 6 & 7 and marked by the letter V
on Sheets 1 & 2 Fig. 2.
The remaining portion of the work to complete this part of the lamp is the
apparatus designed to enable a person at will to extinguish the flame of a burning
wick when used as a table lamp in order to do this. Unscrew & remove from the
upper part of the lamp the part mentioned before as the brass gallery and marked
in the drawings by the letter N. Construct according to the drawings the
apparatus shewn by Figs. 16 17 & 18 Sheet 2. The handles connected to the same
are made so that they can be fixed or removed by means of a screw, having got
them completed & ready for fixing unscrew the handles from the ring, place the

page_text: ring with the clams upwards over the outer case of the wick place the clams over
the extinguisher as shewn on drawings screw on the handles from the outside
provide & fix in position a suitable steel spring as shewn marked by the letter W.
on Sheet 1 care being taken that the upper part of the same should fit in the
hollow that has been designed to receive it on the inner part of the brass gallery.
Screw this brass gallery on to the lamp, place the lamp with the extinguishing
apparatus in the vase or recepticle as shewn in Sheet No. 4 and marked by the
letter X on Sheet No. 1 and the weight of the lamp will cause the extinguisher
and flame spreader automatically to adjust itself ready for. action. Provide &
place in position a glass chimney as per pattern drawn on Sheet 5 also shewn on
Sheet & marked thereon with the letter Y and all is complete.
The lamp having been properly put together and held up free from any pressure
from below the lower spring (enclosed between the inner & outer cylinders of the
extinguishing apparatus) marked R on drawings, see Figs. 1 & 2 will expand to
its full limit and as it cannot move the stop marked I see Fig. 2 fixed in the air
tube it necessarily forces the foot plate marked O.see Figs. 1. & 2. outwards, this
having the inner. cylinder, connecting rod & extinguisher marked respectively P. S.
& U see Figs. 1 & 2, attached to it, consequently the expansion continues until the
extinguisher marked U see Figs. 1 & 2 is brought down to & rests upon the wick
case, enclosing the wick (marked I. L see Figs. 1 & 2). The extinguisher is made
to exactly fit the top of the wick case of the lamp and therefore would render it
impossible for a burning wick to continue burning so long as this extinguisher is
held in the same position over it.
As soon as this is altered by placing the lamp in the vase or recepticle shewn by
drawing on Sheet 4 and marked X in Figs. 1 & 2 the foot plate marked O see
Figs. 1. & 2. is brought into contact with the bottom of the same and the weight of
the superincumbent lamp is brought to bear upon the lower spring marked R in
Figs. 1 & 2 forcing the inner cylinder marked P on Figs. 1 & 2 upwards; the
upper spring marked on drawings by the letter T. see Figs. 1 & 2 being extended
to its full and left in a free state necessarily carries the connecting rod (marked S
Fig. 1 & 2) upwards with the extinguisher attached and thus the lamp when it is
seated in the vase becomes automatically adjusted ready for lighting.
'
Now it follows that if at any time any thing should happen to unseat the lamp
from its position in the vase; the instant the pressure of the weight of the lamp is
taken off the bottom plate marked O see Figs. 1 & 2 of the extinguishing apparatus
the lower spring reacts and carries the rod & extinguisher with it until it rests
again upon the wick case as above mentioned.
Again when the lamp is seated in the vase and is burning either as a table lamp
or a hanging one, it can be extinguished by two methods at the will of the user.
Firstly as a table lamp by simply pressing down the handles provided for the
purpose they being connected by means of the clams, would bring the extinguisher
down to the wick case and extinguish the flame.
Or if used as a hanging lamp a line would be attached to the ring at the bottom
of the connecting rod and when it is desired to extinguish the lamp by means of it,
pull the line and it will bring the extinguisher down on the wick case as in the
other cases and effectually extinguish the flame.
The other advantages as to improved illumination have already been explained
see pages 4, 5 & 6 of this Specification and need no more notice from me here.
Dated this 3rd day of June 1892.
CHARLES HIDE,
2, Highton Terrace, Worthing, Sussex, Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil Lamps.
I, CHARLES HIDE of 2 Highton Terrace St. Elizabeth Road Worthing in the
County of Sussex Architect & Surveyor do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
.<<
This invention relates to an improved means of automatically extinguishing
Argand "oil lamps, that is to say, lamps burning paraffin and other oils having a
circular wick and a central air tube, and also improved means for extinguishing such
lamps at will whether used either as hanging or table lamps.
According to my invention I make use of two opposed forces for controlling the
extinguisher. The excess of one force over the other is determined by the position
in which the lamp is placed, whether in a vertical, or horizontal or inclined one.
If the lamp is resting in an upright or normal position no impediment is offered by
this apparatus to the proper use of the same, but if on the other hand the lamp
should be thrown over or greatly inclined towards the horizontal the opposing
forces are readjusted with the result that the lamp is extinguished.
The said opposing forces operating in this extinguisher are
Firstly. The force of gravity acting on the weight of the lamp itself, or on
a weight attached to the lamp, or on a combination of lamp and weight as the case
may be.
Secondly. The force of a stretched or compressed spring of a properly adjusted
strength.
It is obvious that if the relative ratios of the forces to each other be fixed by a
proper proportion they will always preserve the same proportion provided the
conditions remain unaltered.
The expansive power of a spring which has been compressed to any definite
extent remains practically the same whether it remains in a vertical or horizontal
position and may therefore be regarded as a fixed quantity. On the other hand the
effect of gravity may under circumstances with defined conditions be greatly
modified. The maximum is obtained when free of all support. The energy is nil
when it rests upon a support. The energy exerted by a weight on an inclined
plane is increased in a ratio as the angle of inclination is increased as regards the
horizontal line and vice versa.
Based upon these facts I have principled my invention and applied it to several
patterns of lamps.
I herewith append 12 sheets of drawings which will shew my mode of applying
my invention to several types of lamps.
The drawings above mentioned may be resolved into sets viz.
Set No. 1 Sheets No. 1 to 4 inclusive.
دو
No. 2:
No. 3:
do.
"
do.
"
"3
"
No. 4: do.
5 to 7
8 to 9
10 to 12
"
"1
"
"
I will now proceed to explain the method I have adopted to produce the desired
result and in order to do so it will be necessary for me to shew the various parts of
my invention their relative positions and uses in connection with the said invention.
In set No. 1 of the drawings above described the parts are marked and expressed
by capital letters thus A. B. C. &c. and afterwards by small letters a¹¹¹ &c.;
these refer to the 1st schedule or description of parts. In set No. 2 of the same
series the parts are marked and expressed by capitals thus A B C &c. and
afterwards some portions by the small letters thus a³, b², c² &c.; these refer to the
2nd schedule or description of parts. In each of the remaining sets of the same
series the parts are likewise expressed and marked respectively by capital letters
above each of which is placed the affix 3 or 4 &c. as the case may be these are to
indicate the particular schedule or description of parts as set forth in this

page_text: Specification, and afterwards as may be required by small letters similarly headed
with a corresponding figure
Schedule No. 1 being a description of the parts of series No. 1 see drawings
Sheets Nos. 1 2 3 and 4.
A denotes the oil container or reservoir.
B denotes the central air space of tube running through lamp.
C denotes the inner case of wick forming central air tube.
D denotes the outer casing of wick.
L
E denotes the wick enclosed within the inner and outer tubes.
F denotes the upper part of lamp forming the gallery to hold the chimney and
apparatus for raising and lowering the wick.
Ġ denotes the moulded base (perforated so as to admit the passage of air up the
central air tube) attached to the oil container.
H denotes a moulded attachment which can be fixed to or removed from the base
(at will) by means of a screw fastening.
I denotes a guide tubular piece supported on pieces of wire and secured to bottom
of central air tube by being soldered to bottom of container as shewn on drawings.
This guide acts both as a guide to the tube marked K and a base for the steel
spring marked Y to press upon.
J denotes an arm piece by means of which the automatic extinguisher is
connected to the sliding bolt marked a'.
K denotes tube connecting parts J with the stop I..
L denotes the plug of tube marked K through which the central rod attached
to the extinguisher slides and which is fixed to the tube K by either a screw or
solder joint.
M denotes small piece of tube which fits the circular hole in brass base (attached
by a screw to the bottom of the lamp).
N denotes pieces of wire soldered on to and connecting tube marked M with arm
piece immediately above marked J.
O denotes pieces of wire soldered on brass tube marked M aud intended to act
as guides to arm piece marked P.
P denotes arm piece fitted with ring at bottom and jointed end to fit a lever
shewn and marked E' on drawings.
Q denotes wire rod connecting (by screw ends) the arm piece marked J with the
extinguisher proper marked U.
R denotes an enlargement or boss piece attached to the connecting rod marked Q
which acts both as a stop and a base for the spring marked X to press against.
S denotes small plate attached by means of a screw to the connecting rod Q
intended to support the extinguisher and brass perforated tube marked respectively
on drawings by the letters U and T.
T denotes tube fitting inside the tube marked C, the upper part of same being
perforated to admit the free passage of air from central air tube to flame when
alight. This is attached to the extinguisher and flame spreader marked U and is
secured to the steel connecting rod Q by means of a screw nut V.
U denotes the circular extinguishing disc which acts as a flame spreader. This
is made with a channel the sides of which when drawn down enclose within it the
inner and outer wick cases by means of which any lighted wick could be
extinguished.
V denotes screw nut connecting parts marked T and U with parts marked S
and Q.
W denotes glass chimney.
✗ denotes small steel wire spring enclosed in brass tube marked K. This comes
into operation when it is desired to extinguish the flame by means other than by
the automatic extinguishing apparatus.
Y denotes the outer steel spring which works the automatic extinguishing
apparatus.
Z denotes the casing which is made to receive the latch or sliding bolt piece

page_text: marked a¹ together with the governing attachment or weight marked b' and is fitted
and fixed to the sides of the oil reservoir as shewn on the drawings.
a¹ denotes a latch or catch fitted with a spring marked a¹* (see drawings
Sheet No. 4) which acts as a connecting link to govern the action of the automatic
extinguishing apparatus under conditions hereafter mentioned.
b denotes balance weight pivoted at * and which under conditions hereafter
specified governs the action of the automatic extinguishing apparatus and enables
the user to remove the lamp from place to place without causing the flame to be
extinguished by the automatic extinguisher.
c¹ denotes a plate with pin hole and pin attached placed in position as shewn on
drawings Sheet No. 1 so as to enable the user to secure the balance weight either
up or down if he should so desire it.
d denotes a tube or casing passed through the body of the oil reservoir marked A
and securely soldered to the sides of same as shewn on drawings.
el denotes the lever or working handle which is enclosed within the tube marked a'
and connected to arm piece marked P by means of which the lamp can be
extinguished at will at any time
Schedule No. 2 being a description of parts of series No. 2 see drawings
Sheets Nos. 5, 6 and 7.
A' denotes the oil container or reservoir.
B' denotes the central air space.
C* denotes the inner case of wick forming the central air tube.
D' denotes the outer casing of wick.
E denotes the wick enclosed within the tubes.
F denotes the upper part of lamp (as before described).
G' denotes the moulded base attached to the oil reservoir.
H* denotes a base plate perforated to admit circulation of air up central air-tube
and otherwise fitted and fixed to base marked G'.
12 denotes a cylindrical casing with perforations fixed to plate marked H*.
J2 denotes tubes fixed to base plate with stopped ends, each fitted with small
steel wire expansion springs.
K denotes small latch hinged to base plate.
L' denotes guide to latch fixed in base plate.
M* denotes small attachment to base plate H' to retain the spring N'.
N² denotes small spring attached to attachment M' and also to latch K².
O denotes balance weight to govern automatic extinguishing apparatus.
P' denotes small tube fitted to central hole in base plate H.
Q' denotes fitting fixed to end of tube P³.
R³ denotes small piece soldered on tube P3 which is intended to form a stop to act
in connection with latch K by which the part marked P' is held up thus enabling the
user to move the lamp about from place to place without the flame being
extinguished.
S³ denotes a fitting fixed in tube P2 acting partly as a stop and guide to steel
wire rod marked V' and also an abutment for the spring marked.
T' denotes stop or plug of tube marked P through which the central rod V*
attached to the extinguisher works, and which is fixed to the tube l'* either by
screwing or by solder joint.
U denotes small tube with attachments securely fixed in central air tube
(marked C) near the top by solder joint as shewn on drawings.
V denotes a wire rod connecting the extinguishing apparatus marked a³ with
lever marked by means of hinged connection marked V.
W* denotes a boss or enlargement fixed on rod V which acts as a stop and also
an abutment for spring marked b*.
✗' denotes small rose or plate screwed on upper end of steel rod marked V
which acts as a support to carry the parts marked Z2 and u².
Y denotes small screw nut to fix parts marked 22 and a² ou connecting rod V³.
Z' denotes small tube fitting inside the inner tube marked the upper part of

page_text: same being perforated so as to admit the free passage of air from central air tube
to flame.
a denotes circular extinguishing disc with chanuel made so as to cover the inner
and outer wick cases marked C' and D'.
6 denotes small steel wire spring enclosed in tube marked P'.
denotes small steel wire spring working the automatic extinguisher.
denotes tube extending through the body of the oil reservoir marked A³ and
securely soldered to same at both ends.
denotes the lever or handle by means of which the lamp can be extinguished
at will if desired by the user
Schedule No. 3 being a description of parts of series No. 3 see drawings sheets
Nos. 8 and 9.
A' denotes the oil container or reservoir.
B* denotes the central air space.
C³ denotes the inner case of wick forming central air tube.
D³ denotes the outer casing of wick.
E' denotes the lamp wick.
F* denotes the upper part of lamp.
G³ denotes the upper portion of base of lamp which is perforated so as to admit
the passage of air up the central air tube C. and to which the parts A' and H' are
joined the former preferably by a solder joint and the latter by a screw one.
H* denotes the handle of lamp which is attached as aforesaid to the perforated
brass base of lamp G* by means of a screw joint and to the hollow moulded base
marked by a solder joint. The upper part is fitted with a screw joint to receive
the stop marked W' and through the bottom thereof a hole is provided to allow
the tube marked T to slide up and down therethrough.
I denotes the hollow moulded base or foot of lamp.
J³ denotes the bottom plate of base marked I³ which is perforated in the centre
to allow the tube Ts to slide therethrough.
K denotes the latch piece which is hinged on small plate and fixed in proper
position (as shewn on drawings) on to the plate marked J³.
La denotes small tubes fixed on plate J to receive springs marked O.
M* denotes pieces of steel wire fixed in centre of tubes and which pass up
through holes made for them in weight marked P³,
N' denotes ring fixed to plate J.
O denotes steel springs working in tubes L³.
P' denotes balance weight to govern automatic extinguishing apparatus made
with centre hole and other holes for spring tubes and latch passage way marked Q
Q³ denotes a hole forming a passage-way through the weight P through which
the latch arrangement marked K is brought into play with parts marked Û³ T³ V³.
R³ denotes the hole through centre of weight P³ see Figure 28.
S³ denotes small attachment fixed to weight P' and passing through hole made
in moulded base 13 by which balance weight P³ may be raised so as to release grip
of latch K³ to extinguish lamp at will.
.
To denotes tube forming part of foot of the extinguishing apparatus.
U denotes piece fixed on tube T³ to form stop.
V denotes the inner portion of foot of the extinguishing apparatus joined to
tube T by screw joint or solder.
W³ denotes stop attached to handle of lamp marked H³ by screw joint perforated
in centre to admit the passage of connecting rod Y³.
✗* denotes tube connected by solder joint. to stop W³ and fitting within the
tube T.
Y denotes connecting rod connecting parts U³ T³ V³ with bª c³ d³ eª.
Z³ denotes steel expansion spring working between parts W³ and V³ and enclosed
in tube T³.
a denotes small tube with attachments securely fixed in central air tube
marked C near the top as shewn on drawings..

page_text: Edenotes the lamp wick.
F denotes the upper part of lamp as before described.
G* denotes the perforated casing attached to the bottom of the oil reservoir by
a solder or screw joint and fitted with a screw joint at bottom to receive the
bottom fitting marked H*.
H* denotes an attachment fitted by means of a screw joint to casing marked G¹.
I* denotes small tube with attachments securely fixed in the central air tube as
shewn on drawings; this acts as a guide to the steel connecting rod marked T
and an abutment for the spring marked m.
J' denotes the lower portion of the extinguishing apparatus.
K* denotes the balance weight to govern the action of the automatic extinguishing
apparatus made to fit the inside of the attachment marked H*.
L* denotes a square hole made in the balance weight marked K' see Figure 37
intended to receive a steel spring the upper part of same is contracted so as to fit
the part marked J (see drawings).
M* denotes a latch apparatus hinged on to bottom of the oil container and
made to work into a groove or recess (made in the fitting marked J*) and shewn
on the drawings by the space marked O. This fitting governs the action of the
automatic extinguisher.
N denotes a fitting fixed to the bottom of the oil container which acts as a guide
to parts marked J* and M.
O* denotes a recess in the body of the fitting marked J' intended for the latch piece
marked M to work in by means of which the fitting J' can be held in position
while the lamp is vertical.
P* denotes a slot made in the body of the fitting marked J in which the part
marked U of the steel connecting rod marked T can slide.
Q* denotes a fitting fitted and fixed on that part as shewn on the drawing and
marked J.
R denotes a piece of tube attached to the fitting marked Q.
S* denotes stop of tube marked R through which the central rod T* attached
to the extinguisher works and which is fixed to tube R' either by screw or solder
joint.
T* denotes a steel wire rod connecting the extinguishing apparatus marked Z* with
parts J&c. (parts of the automatic extinguisher and lever to extinguish flame
at will).
U* denotes the lower part or end of wire connecting rod marked T₁ fitted to work
lever marked e¹*.
V* denotes a boss or enlargement fixed on the steel connecting rod marked T*
which acts as a stop and also an abutment for spring marked .
W denotes small rose or plate screwed on the upper end of steel rod marked T*
which acts as a support to carry the parts marked and Z.
X denotes small screw nut to secure parts marked Y and Z to connecting rod T.
Y denotes tube fitting inside the inner tube marked C*; the upper part of said
tube Y is perforated to admit the free passage of air from central air tube to flame.
B

page_text: Zdenotes a circular brass extinguishing disc with channel made to cover the
inner and outer wick cases marked respectively C and D.
a* denotes the top, bottom and end of casing to enclose lever marked e¹ preferably
soldered to central air tube as shewn on the drawings.
* denotes the two sides of casing above mentioned and securely fixed to central
air tube and parts of casing marked at as shewn on drawings.
c* denotes extra thickness soldered to end a* to form stop.
* denotes extra thickness on sides b*.
e* denotes lever made in two parts and soldered together made to connect lever
handle and fittings marked with bottom of connecting rod marked U*.
denotes lever handle to work lever marked e*.
* denotes eye piece to lever perforated to receive bolt /*.
denotes bolt to connect lever e with rod ƒ*.
&denotes fittings to rod marked f.
* denotes tube fixed to casing of lever marked a baud also to the sides of
oil container A* as shewn on drawings properly soldered at connections so as to
make it oil tight.
.
Having now explained the several parts indicated on the drawings by means
of characters I shall now proceed to explain the various figures shewn thereon.
Series No. 1, Sheet 1: Fig. 1. This shews a vertical section through centre of
lamp standing upon a table or hanging in a proper suspension ring.
The section is made through the centre of the automatic extinguishing apparatus
and is intended to shew the relations of the parts when the lamp is lit which I will
call the normal or regular position of the lamp.
Sheet No. 2, Figure No. 2. This is a vertical section similar to the above but
showing the automatic extinguishing parts in the position they occupy when the
light is extinguished by reason of the lamp having been thrown to an abnormal
position.
Sheet No. 3, Fig. 3. This shews a plan view of half of extinguisher marked U
on drawing Nos. 1 and 2.
Sheet No. 3, Fig. 4. This shews an underside view of half of the extinguisher
marked U on drawings Nos. 1 and 2 and also half section of perforated tube
marked T.
Sheet No. 3, Figure No. 5. This shews an elevation of extinguisher marked U
and tube with its perforated top marked T on the drawings Nos. 1 and 2 (a
small piece of tube at bottom cut away to shew section).
Sheet No. 3, Figure No. 6. This shews half elevation of parts of the automatic
extinguishing apparatus as marked on drawings Nos. 1 and 2 by the letters L. K.
J. N. M and a¹.
Sheet No. 3 Figure No. 7. This shews half section of parts of the automatic
extinguishing apparatus as marked on drawings Nos. 1 and 2 by the letters L. K.
J. O. N. M.
Sheet No. 3 Figure No. 8. This shews elevation of parts of the automatic
extinguishing apparatus as shewn and marked on drawings No. 1 and 2 by the
letters P. Q. R. S. and e¹.
Sheet No. 3 Figure No. 9 is an elevation of the guide arrangement marked by
the letter I on drawings Nos. 1 and 2 which is fixed in the central air tube.
Sheet No. 4 Figure No. 9*. This shews a horizontal section of lamp taken
through the pivot of the weight Figure No. 1.
Sheet No. 4 Figure 10. This shews in section part of the construction of
apparatus for the government of the automatic extinguisher taken through the
centre of the pin marked 6 see Figure 9. The dotted lines shew the relative
position of the latch or catch marked a' within the casing Z when the weight b¹ is
down and the catch is locked.
Sheet No. 4 Figure 11. This shews a section through the centre of catch marked a¹
with its lock spring a* in the casing marked Z as it should be when the lamp is

page_text: alight in its normal condition, held in position by the bolt attachment of weight
marked b¹.
Sheet No. 4, Figure No. 12. The section of the same as described above for
Figure 10 but shewing the passage of the catch from below past the bolt part of
weight b¹.
Sheet No. 4 Figure 13. Similar section to last mentioned (Figure 12) but
shewing the position of the catch when the lamp has been overthrown and extin-
guished by the automatic extinguisher.
Sheet No. 4 Figure No. 14. This shews a view of the central air tube of lamp
and the arrangement of the several parts of the automatic extinguishing apparatus.
as seen from below looking upwards and bounded by the section of the base
marked Q.
Series No. 2, Sheet No. 5 Figure No. 15. This drawing is a vertical section
made through the centre of a modified form of my automatic extinguishing
apparatus and is intended to shew at a glance the several relations of the parts
thereof the lamp being supposed to be standing upon a level base. It may there-
fore be said to be in its normal or usual position and would appear thus when lit.
Sheet No. 6 Figure No. 16. This drawing is a vertical section of the same
lamp as above made through the centre of the automatic extinguishing apparatus.
and is intended to shew at a glance the altered position of the parts belonging to
this my invention with those of other necessary portions of the same and demon-
strating the mode of extinguishing the light when the lamp has been overturned
by accident or placed in an abnormal or irregular position.
Sheet No. 6 Figure 17. This is a vertical section of parts of my invention
representing a combination of parts marked P2 Q, R, S, T.
Sheet No. 6 Figure 18. This is a view of parts of any invention representing
a combination of the parts marked V, W, X, Y and e².
Sheet No. 6 Figure 19. This is a drawing shewing half elevation and half
section of the circular channelled extinguishing disc marked a² and the perforated
tube (which slides up and down inside the central air tube) marked Z³.
Sheet No. 7 Figure 20. This is a vertical section of the balance weight which
assists in the government of the movements of the automatic extinguishing
apparatus taken on the line marked ☑ Figures Nos. 21 22 and 23 Sheet No. 7.
Sheet No. 7 Figure 21. View of top of balance weight as above described.
Sheet No. 7 Figure 22. Horizontal section of balance weight o³, taken on line
marked ☑ see Figure 20.
Sheet No. 7, Figure 23.
described.
This is a drawing of bottom of balance weight as above
Sheet No. 7 Figure 24. This is a vertical section of the combination of parts
described in schedule No. 2 under the letters H³, 12, J, K, L, M, and N taken
on line marked A Figure 25.
Sheet No. 7 Figure No. 25. This is a plan shewing the arrangement of parts
described in the schedule No. 2 under the letters H, I J K L M and N2 as it
would appear on a horizontal section at the level of line marked ::: see Figure 24.
Series No. 3 Sheet No. 8, Figure No. 26. This drawing is a vertical section
made through the centre of the automatic extinguishing apparatus applied to a
portable hand lamp, and is intended to shew at a glance the several relations of the
parts. The lamp is supposed to be lighted and standing upon a level base or
carried in an upright position and thus it may be termed standing in its normal
or usual position for use.
Sheet No. 9 Figure No. 27. This drawing is a vertical section of the chief
portions of the lamp last described also made through the centre of the automatic
extinguishing apparatus and is intended to shew the altered positions of the parts
belonging to this my invention with those of other necessary portions of the same
and so demonstrate the method of extinguishing the light when the lamp has been
overturned by accident or placed in an abnormal position.
Sheet No. 9, Figure No. 28. This drawing is a plan of a portion of the bottom

page_text: prace marked of the base of lamp on which are fixed the latch marked K³, the
spring tubes and fittings (marked on drawings L³ ³ M³) over which is placed
the balance weight P. The latch K is placed in an opening marked (see
Figure 27) and when the balance weight Ps rests on the bottom plate Ja part of
the latch K³ protrudes into the hole marked R3, thus presenting an obstacle to the
passage of the bottom portion of the extinguishing apparatus through the same.
Until this obstacle is withdrawn the lamp cannot be extinguished and this is
only possible when the weight is raised a sufficient height from the said bottom
plate J³.
Sheet No. 9 Figure No. 29. This drawing is a horizontal section of the same
part as last mentioned (Figure No. 28) drawn at the level of the line marked * on
Figure No. 27, and shews the weight P³ having been raised from the bottom
plate J. The latch K is withdrawn from the hole R³ and consequently the
expansion of the spring Z³ carries the lower portion of the automatic extinguishing
apparatus downwards (if not otherwise obstructed) until prevented from going
lower by reason of the lodgment of the extinguishing disc (connected to the same
by means of connecting rod Y³) upon the inner and outer tubes or cases of wick
and in this manner extinguishing the light.
Sheet No. 9, Figure 30. This shews a vertical section of the lower part of the
automatic extinguishing apparatus and particularly refers to those parts of same
shewn and marked on drawings by the letters T³ U V³ which are fitted together
and form one fitting.
Sheet No. 9 Figure No. 31. This shews transverse section of fitting shown in
Figure 30 above at the point indicated by a cross line marked .☑.
Sheet No. 9, Figure 32. This shews another cross section of fitting as last
mentioned at the point indicated by the cross line marked ☑.
Sheet No. 9. Figure 33. This also shews another cross section of same fitting
as last described taken on the line marked A.
Series No. 4 Sheet No. 10, Figure No. 34. This drawing is a vertical section
made through the centre of the automatic extinguishing apparatus as applied to a
lamp intended to be placed in a suspension ring, basket, vase or "pedestal "
standard fitted to receive such, and is intended to shew at a glance the several
relations of the parts the one to the other. The lamp is supposed to be resting in
one or other suitable receptacle as above mentioned or carried as occasion requires
from place to place in an upright position. While this state continues the lamp
can be lighted and continue to burn without any hindrance from and on account of
the automatic extinguishing apparatus.
Sheet No. 11 Figure No. 35. This drawing is a vertical section made through
the centre of the automatic extinguishing apparatus as applied to the same
description of lamp last mentioned and is intended to shew at a glance the altered
positions of the parts belonging to this my invention with those of other necessary
portions of the same and so demonstrate the method adopted for extinguishing the
light when the lamp has been overturned by accident or placed in an abnormal or
irregular position.
Sheet No. 11, Figure 36. This is an elevation of the balance weight marked K
on the drawings (see Sheets 10 11 and 12) which assists in the government of the
automatic extinguishing apparatus and which is made to fit the inside of the
attachment at bottom of base of lamp marked H.
Sheet No. 12, Figures No. 37 and 38. This drawing shews a horizontal section
through the perforated casing attached to the bottom of the lamp and marked by
the letter G. In the centre of same is shewn details of parts described in schedule 4
as marked by the letters K* L* J* partly in section and partly in elevation.
Sheet No. 12 Figure No. 39. This is a longitudinal section of the fitting
which is composed of the several items marked on the drawings and explained
in the schedule by the letters J Q R and S₁; these being fixed together as
shewn forms part of the automatic extinguishing apparatus.
Sheet No. 12 Figures Nos. 40, 41, 42, 43 and 44.
These are cross sections of

page_text: the nitting alluded to in the last description ., Figure No. 39. They. shew the
section of the fitting at that part which is crossed by the indicating arrow; the.
last or Figure 44 is the section of the top stop.
Sheet No. 12 Figure 45. This is a longitudinal section of the connecting rod.
and its appurtenances as described in the schedule under the letters viz. T¹ Uª V¹ W¹²
and X.
Sheet No. 12, Figure 46. This is longitudinal section of small fitting which
communicates with the extinguisher by means of a lever marked e', this is the
part that is used when it is desired to extinguish the light at will.
Sheet No. 12, Figure No. 47. This is a cross section of the central air tube
of lamp taken at the point indicated by a line marked *. It shews the method.
of constructing the casing which encloses the lever marked e which is attached
by being soldered to the central air tube, also the way the lever is fixed to same.
and its attachments both to the handle marked * and the fitting.marked J*.
Sheet No. 12 Figure No. 48. This is a view of side of the lever marked *.
Sheet No. 12 Figure No. 49. This is a view with part of the casing marked G
removed, it is intended to shew the central air tube with the fitting J grasped by
the guide fitting marked N attached to the bottom of the lamp, also the latch.
fitting M which assists in the government of the automatic apparatus attached to.
the same by means of a pin fastening and locking the fitting J in position by means.
of the foot end resting within the slot marked 0 (see Figures 39 and 41).
Sheet No. 12, Figures No. 50, 51 and 52. These are views which shew half
elevation half section, and underside plan respectively of extinguisher and
perforated tube attached to same marked on drawings (Sheets 10, 11 and 12) and
described in schedule No. 4 by the letters Y4 Z.
Having thus described and explained the various figures of the several sheets
of drawings I will now briefly refer by way of example to my method of applying
the same to each of the several lamps chosen as examples.
Series No. 1 see drawings Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4. To the bottom half of the oil
container the central tube is fixed but before fixing the upper part to same I make
the necessary openings for the introduction of the tubes Z and d', in both the top
and bottom halves as shewn. I fix said tubes properly in place. I take the casing
marked Z solder it properly to the sides of the upper half of the oil reservoir
having previously put the balance weight bolt through the slot as shewn and
secure it in position by the pin 1* see Figure 9. I then put the two halves of
the oil container together and solder up in the usual way also complete the soldering-
of tube Z to bottom and tube d¹ to both top and bottom. I construct the guide.
marked and securely fix the same in the centre of the central air space by
soldering the feet of the tripod to the bottom of the lamp as shewn on section. 1
fix the
parts
of base as shown to the lamp by soldering same thereto in the usual
way. next construct and fix together the parts as shewn on Figures No. 6 and 7
and also those shewn in Figure No. 8. Just prior fixing the tube K to the arm.
piece, I place the connecting rod Q in the same passing the upper end through
the hole in stop L. I put steel spring X on same place then lower the end of
rod through hole in arm piece J and screw it to fitting marked P which has.
been put in its proper position as shewn. Next I secure the tube K to fitting J..
I provide and place over the outer surface of tube K a suitable steel wire expansion,
spring as shewn on drawings marked Y and place latch piece marked a fitted with
its spring marked a¹* see Figures 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 Sheet No. 4, in position
within the casing marked Z, also the fitting marked e', in the tube marked d¹. I
place the tube K and its fittings up the central air tube with the stop L upwards:
and place the pin of arm piece J in latch piece a¹ and connect by rivet or screw
the fitting P with the fitting d¹. Then I put the tube M in the opening of the
fitting H and attach the same to the perforated base marked G by means of the
screw attachment. I now place the lamp upright and furnish the upper parts of
same with proper wick as shewn on drawings by the letter F and place the wick
in the container and attach it in the usual way by means of its fitting, screw the.

page_text: rose or plate markeds on top of connecting rod Q. I then construct the central
tube fitting marked T as also the channelled extinguisher marked U and rivet the
same together (if desired) and place them one over the other on the rose or plate
screwed on the connecting rod Q. (The tube T is intended to fit easily inside the
central air tube not too loosely nor yet to bind when heated by the flame which
might prevent the proper action of the automatic extinguishing apparatus.) This
fitting is then secured to the same connecting rod Q by means of the screw bolt V.
This completes the lamp with my apparatus fitted to same. The lamp being filled
with oil and wick trimmed all is ready for lighting. Whenever the wick is needed
to be retrimmed all that has to be done is to unscrew the nut V withdraw the
extinguisher U and tube T trim the wick and replace as above described.
I will now proceed to describe the action of this my invention. I will assume
the lamp is held upright in the hand and that the latch a¹ enclosed in the casing Z
is not locked in position by the balance weight. In such a case the spring Y
working between the parts marked I and J would have expanded and the result
would be that the whole of the extinguishing apparatus would have been brought
to its lowest point consequently the extinguisher U would rest upon and cover the
ends of the inner and outer tubes, enclosing the wick, and the tube M would
project below the base of the lamp as shewn on drawing No. 2. To reset the lamp
all that is necessary is either to push up the tube M to the level of the base and
then the weight will lock the latch a' or the same thing will happen if the lamp
is set down on any flat surface. In such a case the weight of the lamp is sufficient
to adjust it and the weight will lock the latch a' as heretofore. It will be
noticed that whereas the spring Y was formerly expanded now it is compressed to
an extent equal to the projection of the tube M below the bottom plate of base
marked H. The inner spring marked X enclosed within the tube K being
unaffected by any such alteration of the outer spring Y the central rod marked Q
is rigidly supported and with the tube K rises proportionately and carries its
fittings and parts T and U. Now this is the appearance it would have then in
vertical section as shewn on Sheet No. 1. The lamp standing on level bed the
latch a locked by the balance weight 1, and the inner tube T and the
extinguisher U raises ready for lighting.
The lamp can now be lighted in the usual way. If it is desired to carry the
lamp from one place to another it can be done without the flame being extinguished
but in order to do so if the weight is left in its free state it is necessary that
the lamp should be carried in the usual upright way. In the event of the lamp
being considerably tilted the pressure exerted by the spring Y on the fitting J
overpowers the weight and the result is that the latch a¹ becomes unlocked and
the spring expands carrying the fitting J and all parts attached thereto
downwards until the extinguisher U rests upon the wick and tubes enclosing same
and so effecting the extinguishing the flame.
Precisely the same action takes place if the lamp is thrown by accident for it
cannot be imagined that the lamp could be thrown down without its having been
placed either in a slanting or horizontal position both of which are sufficient to
release the part a' and so bring down the extinguisher.
And again when the lamp secured properly in its vertical position and alight
if it is desired to extinguish the flame all that is necessary to be done is to press
down the handle marked e¹ if used as a table lamp or in a standard fitted for the same
or pull a cord attached to the ring inserted in the fitting marked P and the
extinguisher can be brought down on the wick and caused to extinguish the flame.
Explanation concerning the construction and working of the automatic
extinguishing apparatus as applied to lamp as per series No. 2, see drawings
Nos. 5, 6 and 7. To the oil container of such a lamp insert and securely fix a
suitable brass tube as shown on drawings Nos. 5 and and marked d².
To base of lamp marked G' construct a proper base or foundation plate as shewn
on drawings and marked by the letter H2 (this and the work more immediately
connected with it can be seen in detail see Figures 24 and 25 Sheet No. 7). This

page_text: plate must be perforated to admit a free passage of air up the central air tube
marked B2; this plate is fitted with tubes with stops marked J2 also with perforated
cylindrical casing fixed to same, also the attachment marked M² and also the latch
and guide marked respectively K and L. The latch K2 is connected to the
attachment M² by means of a small spring marked N².
Construct a balance weight of a similar description to that shewn see Figures 20
21 22 and 23 and marked on drawings by the letter O reference must be had to
drawings mentioned above for further particulars as to construction.
The central hole is for air and the working of the extinguishing apparatus, the
small holes are for the reception of the tubes J2 containing the springs which lift
the weight upwards when the lamp is tilted over sideways beyond a certain angle.
Then there is on one side a groove in which the lever e is intended to work up
and down and on the other side it is so made as to force forward the latch into a
position so as to prevent the shaft of the extinguishing apparatus from passing
when not required to extinguish the flame. The semi-circular grooves on side are
intended to allow the air to circulate from outside to air tube in centre. The above
mentioned parts are put in their place in the cylinder marked I" and ready for
fixing when the remainder of work is complete.
2
Construct the shaft of the extinguishing apparatus as shewn in detail see
Figure No. 17 Sheet No. 6 (each of the various parts of same have been described
in the description of parts before) and also each one of the parts shewn on
Figure No. 18 Sheet 6. Place the rod V in slot of fitting S² so that the hinged
attachments may slide up and down when in the tube. Solder up at top so as to
secure wire in centre of fitting S. Make slot in tube P2. As far as desirable
place fitting S with connecting rod V2 in position in tube, the hinged attachment
on same to slide up slot; fix same in tube P2 by solder joint, thread stop T* over
top of connecting rod V. I have omitted to state that in the construction of
connecting rod V before the stop or enlargement marked W is soldered on a
suitable steel spring marked 6 is put on same which will be compressed between
parts marked W2 and S2 in the tube P. The stop T2 is then secured to tube P²
by screw or solder joint. The guide marked U' is fixed at a convenient distance
in air tube through which the connecting rod V³ passes. Prior to the insertion of
the said rod in this tube, the steel wire spring is placed over same so as to be
compressed between stop T2 and the fixed fitting in air tube marked U2. After
having placed this fitting thus furnished in position within the air tube put lever e
in position in tube and connect the same to attachment at bottom of the connecting
rod V2 by screw or rivet joint. Take the bottom plate and all its belongings as
previously described all ready prepared for fixing and place them in position in the
base of lamp and fix same by solder joint to said base.
To the foot of shaft of extinguishing apparatus attach the fitting marked Q
screw fitting marked X on connecting rod above fitting U2, above which place
perforated tube Z2 and extinguishing disc marked a³ and attach them to same by
means of screw nut Y2, then add the other necessary parts of the lamp and it is
ready for use.
The method of using this lamp is the same as mentioned in the foregoing one
niz. that described as lamp series No. 1 and the conditions that govern that one
govern this also so that it is unnecessary for me to repeat it here.
Explanation concerning the construction and working of the automatic
extinguishing apparatus as applied to lamp as per series No. 3 see drawings
Sheets 8 and 9.
This lamp is one of the portable hand lamp kind and the apparatus can be applied
to it thus:
Unscrew the body of the lamp A³ from the base (the joint lies at the junction of
parts marked G³ and H³).
Take out the guide in central air tube marked a² and refix in same tube lower
down than originally placed.

page_text: To the handle of lamp marked H³ prepare and fit the fitting marked W³ to
which is fixed a piece of tube as shewn on drawings 8 and 9 and marked X.
Bore hole at bottom of handle piece marked H so that the fitting forming the
lower part of the automatic extinguishing apparatus may slide through with ease.
This
This particular part is shewn in section see Figures 30, 31, 32, and 33.
is formed as follows. Take connecting rod Y and screw its lower end into fitting
marked V3 to which attach the tube Ts fitted with the bolt apparatus soldered to
it, marked U³. Take out the bottom plate of base marked J. Put steel wire spring
marked Z³ within tube marked X3; pass connecting rod Y3 attached to fittings V³
and T up the centre of spring Z³ through hole in fitting W³ fixed in handle H* up
central air tube B³ through small tube in centre of same marked as to the top of
which is screwed the nose or plate marked 3 over which fix perforated tube
marked d and the extinguishing disc. These two latter being secured to the
central connecting rod by means of the screw nut c³.
To the bottom plate which fits the bottom of base make a hole in centre so as to
allow the bottom of the fitting V³ to pass through and slide easily up and down, on
the inside a ring having the same size hole is fixed so as to give extra thickness.
On this bottom plate J³ fix the tubes marked L' each of which have a small
-spring fitted to it for the purpose of lifting the balance weight marked P³. Fit
also to same plate J the latch apparatus marked K³. Make the balance weight
-as shewn on the drawings and marked thereon by the letter P3; place this weight
within the space in the hollow base marked 13, so that the locking apparatus
marked U faces the hole or passage way of latch marked Q³. Having done this
place the latch K³ in the hole Q³ of weight P³ and the tubes L³ (each enclosing its
spring) in the holes made for their reception in the body of the fitting P³ securely
fix the bottom plate J³ to base marked 13 and all is then ready for use. The fitting
marked S is a small attachment screwed into the weight by means of which the
weight P³ can be lifted.
The body of the lamp is screwed together securely.
If it is desired to separate
the top from the bottom part of the lamp all that has to be done is to unscrew the
nut at the top remove the extinguisher and tube below and remove the top part.
The remaining part is left entire and need not be taken to pieces at all after once
put together. The action of this lamp is similar to both of the former ones the
only difference lying in this that whereas the two former the chief part of the
automatic machinery lay in the central air tube in this it lies in the inside of
the handle and base. When the lamp is properly put together and furnished in the
-ordinary way as soon as it is placed upright on a table the weight of the lamp sets
the apparatus, and each part comes to its proper bearing, the lamp can then be lighted
and used. The lamp can be carried from place to place like any other ordinary lamp
without being subject to the inconvenience of the light being extinguished by the
automatic extinguisher; no special care has to be taken as to the mode of taking
hold of the lamp. If however the lamp were held at a considerable inclination the
apparatus would operate to instantly extinguish the flame but this would not
happen in the ordinary and proper use of the lamp.
To reset the lamp all that is necessary is to hold the lamp upright and press the
bottom part of the apparatus upwards as far as it will go or set the lamp down on
its base on a table or other flat surface, and the parts readjust themselves as before
ready for use. From this it can readily be seen that if the lamp is thrown over the
flame will be extinguished instantly.
In the present lamp the springs marked O³ do the work of the spring Y in the
first and of that marked c² in the second series of lamp, and the spring marked 7³
in this takes the place of that marked X in the first series and of that marked 2 in
the second series of lamps.
When it is desired to put out this lamp without resorting to tilting it over or
blowing down the chimney all that need be done is to hold the lamp by the handle
marked H³ lift it up from its support and raise the little fitting marked S³ attached

page_text: to the weight P³, by doing which the springs in the tubes L will lift the weight
and remove the obstacle to the free passage of the filling marked U³ and the
spring Z will act and force the extinguisher down and extinguish the flame as before
mentioned.
Explanation concerning the construction and working of the automatic
extinguishing apparatus as applied to a lamp of the description shewn in
series No. 4 see drawings Sheets Nos. 10, 11 and 12.
I will firstly assume that each of the several parts of this my invention are made
and fitted ready for fixing to the lamp now in course of being put together; the
operation so far as this work is concerned would be as follows. Cut an opening in
the inner tube marked C so that the lever marked e' may work up and down as
shewn on drawings to this central tube C* fix by solder joint the casing marked a
as shewn on drawings; insert the fitting marked in the same as shewn so that
the part marked g is within the space bounded by the casing a' take the tubes
marked * and securely solder to casing at both top and bottom; solder in position
the metal slip ct; put lever marked et in position and connect the same with fitting
marked f by means of a pin inserted in the centre of the eye piece gt which will
work up and down in slot if lever marked e' close up each of the two sides of this
casing with the brass plates marked which have been previously prepared with
a piece of brass soldered in position and constructed to receive the centre pivot or
axis of the lever E. After seeing that the lever E works properly the sides must
be securely soldered up so as to prevent any oil from working through. In central
tube marked C securely fix the fitting marked I' on drawings (Sheets 10 and 11)
at a suitable distance from the top as also shewn thereon. Then take fitting
marked J', place the lower part of fitting marked T in the slot marked P* so.as
to enable the attachment marked U* to work easily up and down therein, next take
the small spring marked put it over this lower portion of the connecting rod T
then screw on or solder on the upper portion of connecting rod T' so that the
spring may work between the upper end of the fitting marked J and the under-.
side of the enlargement of the connecting rod marked V see Figure No. 45.
Next take parts marked Q R and S₁ which have been fitted and fixed together
and put thereon over the top of connecting rod T4, passing the same through hole
in stop S' and bringing it down till the said stop S rests on the enlargement of
connecting rod V. After this is done and the parts so far work satisfactorily
these parts must be securely fixed to the fitting J₁ by means of a screw or solder
joint as thought best. Then take the spring m¹ and put it over the part R. the
lower end to work on projection marked Q. Put these parts thus completed up
the central air tube marked C from below and thread the upper part of the
connecting rod T through the guide tube fixed therein marked I. Then take
the rose or plate marked W* on drawings and screw it on the upper end of the
rod so as to prevent the same from falling out. Then turn the fitting marked J*
round until the side with the slot marked O' is in the side farthest from the lever
marked then open the ends of the lever et and place the attachment marked U*
at the bottom of connecting rod T within the slots of same; close the said ends
again so as to make them work properly together. Take all this part and after
having made proper arrangements for the insertion of tubes marked * in both top
and bottom sections of the oil container or reservoir marked A* properly solder up
all the joints so as to prevent any leakage of oil from the container. Put fitting
marked N2 in position as shewn on drawings and fix by solder joint to bottom of
the container. Take the fitting. marked G and place in position at bottom of
container A', and also latch fitting marked M* placing it in a proper position so as
to work properly within the guide marked N and the slot in the fitting J marked
on drawing by the letter O. When this is done and it works properly both must
be properly soldered in position. This done take the balance weight marked K
slide it on fitting marked J' and within the hole made for the purpose place the
steel spring marked L. Screw on the bottom fitting marked H₁ to perforated
brass casing marked G. The remaining portion of the lamp is to be fixed in the
0

page_text: usual way. Put the fittings marked "and to top and bottom of fitting
marked Put the perforated tube marked Y within the central air tube
marked C and above same place the extinguishing disc marked Z on drawing
firmly attaching both to the connecting rod marked 14 by means of the screw nut
fastening marked X. This completes the construction of a lamp of this
description as shewn on drawings fitted with my invention ; the lamp on being
furnished with proper wick and filled with oil is ready for use.
Now the principles that govern this type of lamp are precisely the same as
each of the foregoing instances and in no manner deviating therefrom except as to
the details of applying the same to the special description of lamp.
Having fully described the mode of working this my invention in the foregoing
cases it will be unnecessary here to repeat it with respect to the last described
lamp. The lamp if used as a table lamp seated in a basket or vase can be
extinguished at will by lifting the fitting marked which communicates with
connecting rod by means of parts k* et.
If the lamp is placed in a suspension ring as a hanging lamp or standard lamp
it can be extinguished at will by pulling the cord attached to the fitting marked M
by doing which the fitting J will have every obstacle removed to prevent its
downward progress and the spring marked "M* would consequently force the
apparatus down and extinguish the light.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
:-
1. An automatic extinguisher for an Argand centre draft oil lamp comprising a
spring controlled weight in combination with a latch and an extinguishing hood so
constructed and arranged that when the lamp is tilted beyond a certain angle the
gravity effect of the weight is so far reduced that the aforesaid latch is released
and the extinguisher hood is then brought down by a spring, substantially as
described.
2. The combination of a spring controlled extinguisher hood, a weight acting
by gravity, and a latch or catch or its equivalent, substantially as, and for the
purpose, specified.
3. The combination, with an automatic extinguisher such as is indicated in the
first claiming clause, of means for extinguishing the light at will, substantially as
described.
4. The combination, with an automatic extinguisher such as is indicated in the
first claiming clause, of means whereby the extinguisher is automatically raised
when the lamp is set down on its base on a level support, substantially as described.
5. The combination, with an automatic extinguisher substantially as is indicated
in the first claiming clause, of a guide tube for the extinguisher hood, said tube
being perforated at its upper end, substantially as, and for the purpose,
specified.
6. An oil lamp provided with an automatic extinguisher, constructed substan-
tially as described with reference to. Figures 1 to 14; or to Figures 15 to 25; or
Figures 26 to 33; or to Figures 34 to 52 of the accompanying drawings, and
operating as, and for the purpose, specified.
Dated this 30th day of March 1892
CHARLES HIDE,
2, Highton Terrace, Worthing.