Improvements in Wood Working Machinery for the Use of Wheelwrights and the like.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 13th June, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 11th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 17th Apr., 1897
Improvements in Wood Working Machinery for the Use of
Wheelwrights and the like.
I JOSEPH BRADBURY of Brook Iron Works Charles Street Manchester in the
County of Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
as follows:-
The object of this invention is the construction of a machine particularly suited
to the use of wheelwrights and which shall enable the maximum number of
operations to be performed with the one machine.
In carrying out my invention I mount upon suitable legs a bed having a slot in
the centre through its entire length upon this bed at one end I mount a shaft
designed to revolve in suitable bearings and to carry the necessary cutting tools in
such a manner as to be capable of rising and falling in a V slot which V slot is
arranged at right angles to the bed and from a stud projecting from the bed
I provide a lever handle and link motion for the purpose of rising and lowering the
sbaft as desired and also a slot and locking bolt to hold the same in any desired
position. Running parallel with the shaft and mounted upon it I arrange a rack
designed to be actuated by a toothed quadrant which toothed quadrant is mounted
in an extension of one of the shaft bearings and this rack and quadrant are designed
to give movement to the shaft through its bearings the shaft being further provided
with adjustable stop collars and a handle and or pulley for revolving the shaft.
To be mounted upon the bed in any desired position and having a projection upon
the underside to take into the slot in the bed I further provide a circular plate in.
the upper surface of which plate I form a number of holes and resting upon the
upper surface of this plate l arrange a second circular plate designed to revolve
upon the first plate provided with a pin to engage with the holes in the bottom
plate as required, rising from the centre of these plates I mount a vertical spindle
which spindle I prefer to terminate in a screw thread to receive a nut clamp the
bottom circular plate is further provided with an extension piece resting upon the
upper surface of the bed and through this extension piece I arrange a screwed
stud for the purpose of elevating one side of the circular plates and so canting the
vertical spindle as required. Between the two circular plates and around the
spindle I arrange a spring washer for the purpose of holding the two plates apart
during the time when the upper plate is to be revolved as hereinafter described.
I further provide a square plate with a projection formed upon the underside for
the purpose of taking into the slot of the bed and provide this square plate with a
vertical spindle which vertical spindle is so arranged as to be able of cramping the
square plate to the bed through a clamp nut underneath the bed. I further provide
a vice with a projection upon the underside to take into the slot in the bed and
arrange the jaws of this vice upon a right and left handed screw so that the work
to be held between the jaws will always be self centring. Rising through a hole in
the bed I provide a regulatable vertical spindle secured with a set screw in any
desired position and I also provide a universal clamp which is designed to hold
work to the table in any position.
I will now proceed to describe the application of my improved machine.
Suppose a hub or nave of a wheel is to be mortised the circular plates would be
placed in position upon the bed and such hub or nave placed over the vertical

page_text: spindle it would drop on to a series of spikes rising from the top plate for the
purpose of preventing movement of the hub or nave the nut clamp would then be
tightened down a cutter of a suitable size would next be secured on to the shaft
and a stop plate which is provided for the purpose would be regulated so as to give
the revolving shaft the length of lift necessary for the length of mortise required
the shaft would then be revolved by the handle mounted upon it and at the same
time the quadrant would be so worked as to advance the revolving shaft carrying
the cutter and consequently a hole would be bored in the hub or nave the revolving
shaft would then be raised with the lever handle and the hole would then be
elongated as required the circular plates would now be canted off the bed by the
screwed stud and so the necessary bevel would be given to the mortise and the
cutter withdrawn if say twelve mortises are to be made the top circular plate will
be allowed to rise from the bottom plate by the unscrewing of the screw clamp
when the spring washer will so operate as to lift the pin out of the hole in the
bottom plate and so allow of the top plate being revolved one twelfth when the pin
will drop into the next hole and the operation be repeated the pin in the top plate
and holes in the bottom plate are designed to lock the plates in any desired position
in relation to each other. The circular plates are now to be removed and the
square plate put in position and upon the spokes being put in position in the
mortises the hub or nave will be mounted upon the spindle rising from the square
plate and the vertical spindle rising through the bed will be adjusted so as to allow
of the spokes resting upon it and the universal clamp will be screwed upon the
spoke over the vertical spindle so as to hold the spoke securely in position a tanging
cutter is now to be mounted upon the shaft and the shaft to be locked at the
necessary height by means of the slot and locking bolt provided for the purpose
the shaft is now to be revolved and advanced as before when the tang will be cut
upon the spoke and the process repeated with all the spokes. The next process is
the boring of the fellies and for this purpose the square plate is removed and the
vice is placed upon the bed and a suitable cutter placed upon the shaft the felly is
then placed in the vice and the hole bored to receive the dowel which serves the
purpose of holding the fellies in position end to end the holes to receive the tangs
cut upon the spokes are next bored by means of reversing the vice and opening the
Jaws when the jaws will form butting pieces for the convex side of the felly to
butt against the felly resting upon the bed of the vice and enable the felly to be
bored for the reception of the spokes. It will be obvious that this improved
machine will be applicable to many more purposes than those hereinbefore
described.
Dated this 12th day of June 1896.
JOSEPH BRADBURY.
Improvements in Wood Working Machinery for the Use of
Wheelwrights and the like.
I JOSEPH BRADBURY of Brook Iron Works Charles Street Manchester in the
County of Lancaster Engineer do hereby declare the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The object of this invention is the construction of a machine particularly suited
to the use of wheelwrights and which shall enable the maximum number of
operations to be performed with the one machine.
And in order that my invention may be more readily understood and carried into

page_text: effect I have hereunto annexed three sheets of drawings which I will now proceed
to explain with the assistance of the various figs. and letters of reference marked
thereon.
Fig. 1. is an elevation Fig. 2. an end view and Fig. 3. a plan of the bed of my
improved machine with the fixed portions shewn thereon and like letters are used
in all views to indicate like parts."
I mount upon suitable legs A a bed B having a slot C in the centre through its
entire length upon this bed B at one end I mount a shaft D designed to revolve in
suitable bearings E and to carry the necessary cutting tools in such a manner as to
be capable of rising and falling in a V slot F which V slut F is arranged at right
angles to the bed B and from a stud projecting from the bed BI provide a lever.
handle G and link motion H for the purpose of rising and lowering the shaft D as
desired and also a slot I and locking bolt J to hold the same in any desired position.
Running parallel with the shaft D and mounted upon it I arrange a rack K
designed to be actuated by a toothed quadrant L which toothed quandrant I, is
mounted in an extension M of one of the shaft bearings E and this rack K and
quadrant L are designed to give movement to the shaft D through its bearings E
the shaft D heing further provided with the adjustable stop collar N and a handle
(shewn dotted) and or pulleys O for revolving the shaft D.
Fig. 4. is an elevation and Fig. 5. a plan of an attachment describel as follows:
P is a circular plate having a projection Q to take into the slot C of the bed B in
the upper surface of which plate PI form a number of holes R and upon the upper
surface of this plate PI arrange a second circular plate S designed to turn upon
the first plate Pprovided with a pin T to engage in the holes R in the plate Pas
required. Kising from the centre of these plates I mount a vertical spindle U
which spindle I prefer to terminate in a screw thread to receive a nut clamp V and
washer W the bottom plate P is further provided with an extension piece X and
through this extension piece X I arrange the screw studs Y for the purpose of
elevating one side of the circular plates and so canting the vertical spindle U as
required. Between the plates P and S and round the spindle U I arrange a spring
washer Z for the purpose of holding the plates P and S apart during the time when
the plate S is to be turned as hereinafter described.
Fig. 6. is an elevation and Fig. 7. is a plan of an attachment described as.
follows: a is a square plate with a projection 6 formed upon the underside for the
purpose of taking into the slot C of the bed B and I provide this square plate a
with a vertical spindle e which spindle e is so arranged as to be capable of cramping
the square plate a to the bed B by means of the washer d and nut e.
Fig. 8 is an elevation Fig. 9 an end view and Fig. 10 a plan of a vice attachment
described as follows: is the body of the vice and g a projection to take into the
slot C of the bed B and I arrange the jaws h of this vice upon a right and left
handed screw i so that the work to be held between the jaws h will be self
centring.
Rising through a hole in the bed B I provide a regulatable vertical spindle i
secured with a set screw in any desired position and I also provide a universal
clamp which is designed to hold work to the bed B in any desired position.
I will now proceed to describe the application of my improved machine.
Suppose a hub or nave of a wheel is to he mortised the circular plates would be
placed in position upon the bed B and such hub or nave placed over the vertical
spindle U it would drop onto a series of spikes m rising from the top plate S for the
purpose of preventing movement of the hub or nave the nut clamp V would then be
tightened a cutter of a suitable size would next be secured on to the shalt D and a
stop pillar which is provided for the purpose would be regulated so as to give the
shaft D the length of lift necessary for the length of mortise required the shaft D.
would then be revolved by means of the handle or pulleys O mounted upon it and at
the same time the quadrant L would be so worked as to advance the shaft D
carrying the cutter and consequently a hole would be bored in the hub or nave the
shaft D would then be raised with the lever G and link motion H and the hole.

page_text: would then be elongated as required the circular plates would now be canted off the
bed B by the screwed studs Y and so the necessary bevel would be given to the
mortise and the cutter withdrawn if say twelve mortises are to be made the top
circular plate S will be allowed to rise from the bottom plate P by the unscrewing
of the nut clamp V when the spring washer Z will so operate as to lift the pin T
out of the hole in the bottom plate P and so allow of the top plate S being revolved
one twelfth when the pin T will drop into the next hole and the operation be
repeated, the pin T in the top plate S and holes in the bottom plate P are designed
to lock the plates P and S in any desired position in relation to each other. The
plates P and S are now to be removed and the square plate illustrated in Figs. 6
and 7 put into position and upon the spokes being put in position in the mortises
the hub or nave will be mounted upon the spindle e rising from the square plate a
and the vertical spindle j rising through the bed will be adjusted so as to allow of a
spoke resting upon it and the universal clamp will be screwed upon the spoke over
the vertical spindle j so as to hold the spoke securely in position a tanging cutter
is now to be mounted upon the shaft D and the shaft D to be locked at the
necessary height by means of the slot I and locking bolt J provided for the
purpose the shaft D is now to be revolved and advanced as before when the taug
will be cut upon the spoke and the process repeated with all the spokes.
The next process is the boring of the fellies and for this purpose the square plate
is removed and the vice illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and 10 is placed upon the bed and
a suitable cutter placed upon the shaft D the felly is then placed in the vice and
the hole bored to receive the dowel which serves the purpose of holding the fellies
in position end to end the holes to receive the tangs cut upon the spokes are next
bored by means of reversing the vice and opening the jaws when the jaws will form
butting pieces for the convex side of the felly to butt against the felly resting upon
the bed of the vice and enable the felly to be bored for the reception of the
spokes.
It will be obvious that this improved machine will be applicable to many more
purposes than those hereinbefore described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my said
invention together with the best methods with which I am acquainted for carrying
the same into effect I declare that what I claim is
Firstly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism as and for the purposes
hereinbefore described and illustrated on the accompanying drawings.
Secondly. The lever and link motion for rising and lowering the shaft sub-
stantially as herein before described and illustrated on the accompanying
drawings.
Thirdly. The circular plates with extension piece and screw studs as and for the
purposes herein before described and illustrated on the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 10th day of March 1897
JOSEPH BRADBURY.