Improvements in Furnaces or Kilns for Baking Enamels, Glassware, and Porcelain.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 29th July, 1898
CUMILIE DI MUITIATION
Improvements in Furnaces or Kilns for Baking Enamels, Glassware,
and Porcelain.
I, ALPHONSE JOSEPH ANTOINE BERTHELLER, of 34, Rue Ferrandière, Lyons, in
the Republic of France, Porcelain Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This patent application has for its object a new arrangement of furnace for
baking enamels, glassware, porcelains, etcetera, which is capable of being fixed and
built completely of firebricks, or of being movable by being built of firebricks
within a framework.
This furnace has muffles placed one above the other and two or more in number,
made of cast iron, or fire clay, according to requirements. Its furnace has movable
bars allowing the fire to be dropped when the degree of baking, which must not
be exceeded, is reached.
In the accompanying drawings-
Figure 1 is half a front elevation and half a vertical section on the line 1-2
of Figure 2;
-
Figure 2 a vertical section on the line 3-4 of Figure 1;
Figure 3 a vertical section of the furnace on the line 5-6 of Figure 1;
Figure 4 a horizontal section on the line 7-8 of Figure 1;
Figure 5 a horizontal section on the line 9-10 of Figure 2;
Figure 6 a transverse vertical section on the line 11-12 of Figure 2;
Figures 7, 8, 9 and 10 are details.
Similar letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.
The flame starting from the furnace a passes through four lateral flues e which
are arranged in the four corners or angles of the furnace and directly convey the
flame to the dome of the upper muffle; this arrangement facilitates the draught.
For the centre flues the flame passing through breaches a plate R of cast metal
or fire clay bored with four holes through which the flame passes and which
forces it to direct itself to the centre of the lower part of the upper muffle.
Passing through d the flames heat the sides of the upper muffle and meet at the
top in order to heat the top of the muffle before escaping by the chimney T.

page_text: The movable grate is caused to fall by releasing a dog J after first drawing out
the safety bar h. In order to replace the grates they are raised by means of
cranks,,, and these grates then drop back onto the dog J which is held by a
catch J¹..
This furnace has the immense advantage over all the systems known to date,
of being capable of baking in a very short time enamels and glassware without it
being first necessary to re-heat them slowly and after baking to cool them slowly;
hence economy of time and fuel.
The baking is effected in a regular manner and breakages are never caused.
In consequence of the combination of the flames, all the gases being utilized,
this furnace may be very rapidly raised to a high temperature and may be
advantageously employed in baking porcelains.
1
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1
1. In a furnace intended for the baking of enamels, glassware and porcelain
such as hereinbefore described having muffles superposed or connected, the
arrangement between the muffles of a separating plate having central apertures
and a longitudinal partition adapted to force the hot gases intended to heat the
muffles to travel around the muffles over all their external surface before escaping
by the chimney, substantially as herein before described.
2. In a furnace such as herein before described, the combination with a
separating plate having central apertures and a longitudinal partition such as
described, of vertical flues arranged at all the corners or angles of the furnace and
intended to accelerate the draught and whilst maintaining the temperature in
the interior of the furnace to also convey a portion of the heated gases directly
to the top of the upper muffle substantially as and for the purpose herein before
set forth.
3. In furnaces for the baking of enamels, glassware and porcelain; a movable
grate adapted to allow the fire to be instantaneously dropped when the desired
degree of baking has been attained, substantially as herein before described.
Dated this 28th day of July 1898
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Agents for the Applicant.