IMPROVE- MENTS IN FORGE AND OTHER BELLOWS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Allday, of Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Bellows Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN FORGE AND OTHER BELLOWS."
Scaled the 17th July 1868, and dated the 16th May 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Allday at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th May 1868.
I, WILLIAM ALLDAY, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Bellows Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FORGE AND OTHER BELLOWS," to be as follows:-
In forge and other bellows, as ordinarily constructed, the pipe is
rigidly connected to the cope or front of the bellows, and great loss of
space is incurred in packing the said bellows in consequence of the
length of package required.
The object of my Invention is to remedy this inconvenience. In
constructing bellows according to my Invention I fix a cylindrical tube
of somewhat larger diameter than the large end of the bellows pipe
inside the bellows, the said tube being secured to the cope or front of

page_text: the bellows; the said tube is of the same length as the bellows pipe and
has at each end an internal collar having a screw thread upon it. The
large end of the bellows pipe is provided with a collar screwed exter-
nally, the screw on the bellows pipe taking into either of the screws at
the ends of the before-mentioned tube. By making the screw on the
bellows pipe engage with the screw at the front end of the said tube
the said bellows pipe is fixed in position proper for use. When for
convenience of packing or for other reason it is wished to get rid of the
projecting pipe, it is turned until its screwed collar is disengaged from
the front screw collar in the tube; the pipe is then pushed forward
along the said tube until its collar comes against the collar at the
back end of the tube, when by turning the said pipe its collar may be
firmly screwed to the screw collar in the tube, and the bellows pipe is
firmly held within the body of the bellows. By the arrangement of
parts described the bellows pipe can by a sliding motion be either drawn
out of or introduced into the bellows, and be firmly fixed in either
position by giving it a rotary motion. The said tube may be perforated
to make it light, and instead of supporting the two screw collars by a
tube, one of them may be made in the cope or front of the bellows and
the other supported in the body of the bellows by any other convenient
support instead of a tube; or the internal screw in the tube may be
dispensed with and the pipe prevented from passing too far in the
bellows by means of a stop. A plug or plate is fixed on the cope to
keep the pipe in the body of the bellows during transit, or so long as
it is not wished to fix the pipe in position for use.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Allday in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 10th November 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
ALLDAY, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Bellows Manufac-
turer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of May, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,

page_text: give and grant unto me, the said William Allday, Her special
licence that I, the said William Allday, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William Allday,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN FORGE AND OTHER BELLOWS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said William Allday, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William. day, do hey declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say:
In forge and other bellows, as ordinarily constructed, the pipe is
rigidly connected to the cope or front of the bellows, and great loss of
space is incurred in packing the said bellows in consequence of the
length of package required.
The object of my Invention is to remedy this inconvenience. In
constructing bellows according to my Invention I fix a cylindrical tube
of somewhat larger diameter than the large end of the bellow's pipe
inside the bellows, the said tube being secured to the cope or front of the
bellows; the said tube is of the same length as the bellows pipe, and
has at each end an internal collar having a screw thread upon it. The
collar screwed
large end of the bellows pipe is provided with a
externally, the screw on the bellows pipe taking into either of the
screws at the ends of the before-mentioned tube. By making the screw
on the bellows pipe engaged with the screw at the front end of the sairl
tube, the said bellows pipe is fixed in position proper for use.
for convenience of packing or for other reason it is wished to get rid of
the projecting pipe, it is turned until its screwed collar is disengaged
from the front screw collar in the tube; the pipe is then pushed forward
When

page_text: along the said tube until its collar comes against the collar at the back
end of the tube, when by turning the said pipe its collar may be firmly
screwed to the screw collar in the tube and the bellows pipe is firmly
held within the body of the bellows. By the arrangement of parts
described the bellows pipe can by a sliding motion be either drawn out
of or introduced into the bellows, and be firmly fixed in either position
by giving it a rotary motion. The said tube may be perforated to make
it light, and also to allow the air to pass more freely through the pipe,
and instead of supporting the two screw collars by a tube, one of them
may be made in the cope or front of the bellows and the other sup-
ported in the body of the bellows by any convenient support instead of
a tube; or the internal screw in the tube may be dispensed with, and
the pipe prevented from passing too far in the bellows by means of a
stop. A plug or plate is fixed on the cope to keep the pipe in the body
of the bellows during transit, or so long as it is not wished to fix the
pipe in position for use.
Having explained the nature of my Invention I will proceed to
describe, with reference to the accompanying Drawings, the manner in
which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in perspective a forge bellows containing one of
the arrangements of my Invention; Figures 2, 3, and 4 are parts of the
same on a larger scale. The same letters indicate the same parts in
Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4.
a is the body of the bellows constructed in the ordinary way; b is
a cylindrical tube fixed inside the bellows, its outer end being secured
by rivetting, or brazing, or otherwise to the cope or front c of the
bellows. This tube b is shown separately on a larger scale in longi-
tudinal section and end elevation in Figure 2, and in connection with
the pipe of the bellows in longitudinal section and end elevation in
Figure 4. The said tube is also indicated in dotted lines in Figure 1.
The said tube b is perforated to make it as light as may be, and to allow
the air to pass more freely through the pipe. The said tube b is of the
same length as the pipe d of the bellows. At either end of the said pipe
are internal screwed collars e, e². The larger end of the bellows pipe d
(shown separately in Figure 3) is provided with a collar d2 screwed
externally; this screwed collar d screws into either of the internal
screws e, e, at the ends of the tube b. When the bellows pipe d is
required to be fixed in position for use the screw d³ on its larger end is

page_text: screwed into the screw e at the outer end of the tube b, as represented in
Figure 1. When for convenience of packing, or for other reason, it is
wished to get rid of the projecting pipe d, the said pipe is turned so as to
unscrew it from the front screw e; the said pipe d is then pushed
forward along the tube b, and is screwed firmly into the screw e at the
inner end of the said tube b, as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 1,
and on a larger scale in Figure 4. When in the position last described
the bellows pipe b is firmly held inside the bellows, and the incon-
venience resulting from the length of packing required by the projecting
pipe of the bellows is thus avoided. By unscrewing the bellows pipe d
from the screwed collar e², and drawing the said pipe outwards and
engaging it with the screwed collar e, the bellows pipe is again fixed in
position for use. The arransement last described may be modified by
dispensing with the tube b making a screwed collar in the cope c
of the bellows, and supporti ; another screwed collar in the interior of
the bellows in the position of the screwed collar e represented in the
Drawing. By this means the weight of the tube b is avoided.
Figures 5 and 6 represent partly in plan and partly in horizontal
section (some of the boards being removed) a forge bellows containing
another arrangement of my Invention, Figure 5 representing the bellows
pipe fixed in position for use, and Figure 6 the said pipe, gudgeons, and
lifting hook packed in the inside of the bellows for transit.
Figure 7 represents the bellows pipe separately. In this arrangement f
is the middle board of the bellows, g is the bellows pipe, and h is the
cope or front of the bellows, the said cope being screwed internally,
into which screw in the cope a screwed collar g² on the wide end of the
bellows pipe g may be screwed to fix the said bellows pipe in position
for use, as illustrated in Figure 5. At the back of the screwed collar g³
of the pipe g is a flange or shoulder g', which prevents the said pipe from
being withdrawn from the bellows. In the middle board f of the bellows
is a stop i for preventing the bellows pipe g from passing too far into
the bellows. The middle board f has a channel made in it in which
the pipe g fits easily, the end of the said channel forming the stop i
against which the shoulder g³ of the pipe g bears when it occupies
the position shown in Figure 6. Over the end of the channel k is a
semi-cylindrical piece of tubing for preventing the vertical motion of
the end of the pipe g when introduced into the said channel. The
pipe g is placed in the bellows from the interior thereof before the top

page_text: board and the tubing are fixed in their places. In the middle boards
m, m, forming a portion of the cope of the bellows recesses or holes n,n,
are made for receiving the pointed ends of the gudgeons p, p, of the
bellows is the lifting hook of the bellows. When the bellows are
in use the bellows pipe g is firmly secured by its screwed collar g² in the
screw of the cope, as represented in Figure 5.
When it is required
to pack the parts for transit they are arranged in the interior of the
bellows in the manner represented in Figure 6, that is to say, the bellows
pipe is unscrewed from the screw and pushed down the channel k
into the interior of the bellows until its screwed end bears against the
stop the gudgeons p, p, are then placed in the holes n, n, in the
middle boards m, m, and the lifting hook q is firmly fixed between the
side of the channel and the pipe g, or the said hook is put into
the pipe g; a screw plug is then screwed into the screwed cope / when
the several parts are secured in the interior of the bellows.
In making common kinds of bellows I dispense with the screwed
collar on the wide end of the bellows pipe g and the internal
screw in the cope, and use a plain collar or socket in the cope and a
plain collar on the bellows pipe, and fix the said pipe in position for
work by means of a screw pin passed through the cope and into the said
plain collar, or into a groove in the said collar. This arrangement of
my Invention is illustrated in section in Figure 8, where y' is the plain
collar on the wide end of the pipe g, the said collar having an inclined
shoulder g³ to fit the interior of the middle boards m, m; t is the screw
pin passed through the socket or plain collar in the cope or front of
the bellows, and engaging in a hole in the collar g', and thereby
fixing the bellows pipe g in position for work. The other parts of
the bellows are the same as those represented in Figures 5 and 6,
excepting that in place of the screw plug to keep the parts in the
interior of the bellows after they have been packed a plug or bung is
put in the collar of the cope, and a strip of hoop or other iron is
placed over the end of the cope and nailed or fastened thereto. In
packing the pipe g of the bellows, Figure 8, it is only necessary to
remove the screw pin, when the said pipe may be pushed into the
interior of the bellows, the said pipe and the other parts of the bellows
being made to occupy the positions represented in Figure 6.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I

page_text: do not limit myself to the precise details herein described and illustrated,
as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my
Invention; but I claim as my Invention of improvements in forge and
other bellows,-
Firstly. Constructing the parts of the said bellows in the manner
herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the
accompanying Drawings, whereby loss of space in packing the said
bellows is avoided, that is to say, fixing inside the bellows two screwed
collars, and making or fixing on the end of the bellows pipe a screwed
collar, which last-mentioned screwed collar by being engaged with one
or other of the screwed collars in the interior of the bellows either fixes
the bellows pipe in position for use or packs the said pipe in the interior
of the bellows for transit, substantially as described and illustrated.
Secondly. Constructing the parts of the said bellows in the manner
herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 5, 6, and 7 of the
accompanying Drawings, whereby loss of space in packing the said
bellows is avoided, that is to say, making or fixing a screwed collar in
the interior of the cope of the bellows, and a screwed collar on the
end of the bellows pipe for fixing the bellows pipe in position for use;
the said bellows pipe being packed for transit by being unscrewed from
the cope and pushed inside the bellows and fixed there, substantially
as described and illustrated; also the use of a plain socket and collar and
screw pin for fixing the bellows pipe in position for use, substantially
as described and illustrated in Figure 8 of the accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Allday, have hereunto set
any hand and scal, this Ninth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
WILLIAM ALLDAY. (L.S.)