Improvements in the Construction of Gas Apparatus for Warming Rooms and the like.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Mar., 1894-Accepted, 5th May, 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Gas Apparatus for Warming
Rooms and the like.
I, GEORGE BRAY, of Blackman Lane, Leeds, in the County of York, Gas
Lighting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of gas heating
apparatus, and has for its object the more effectual warming of rooms and the like
at a cost which compares favourably with gas stoves or gas fires in use hitherto.
My beneficial effects are produced by the circulation through pipes (similar to
the circulation of hot water through hot water coils) of the heated products of the
combustion of gas, and air, whereby the heat is gradually abstracted therefrom, and
the products of combustion and air are thence passed into a chimney or the outer
atmosphere comparatively cool, instead of in a highly heated condition as hitherto.
The gas is consumed, by preference, by means of ordinary gas jets placed in the
fire box in the middle of the lowest pipe or pipes. I accomplish my object by
constructing the apparatus of metal and, by preference, of cast iron. Although
one series is of advantage in many cases, I prefer a double series, one in front of
the other, of horizontal pipes, secured into uprights, which are also hollow.
The fire-box is provided with a door in front, which is, by preference, perforated
for the purpose of igniting the flames, and that the flames may be seen from the
outside. The fire-box has also by preference, a perforated bottom for the purpose
of supplying in a steady current the air for combustion. The heated products of
combustion and air are carried from the fire-box to the right or left, as is most
convenient, into the lowest line or lines of pipes, and is then made to flow along the
second line, from the bottom of the pipe or pipes into the upright, then along the
third line, and so on to the top line. This circulation is effected by placing
diaphragms in the uprights as in some water coils in suitable positions to give an
outward and upward to and fro circulation to the products of combustion and air.
In the centre of the top line of pipes the outlet to the chimney or flue is situated,
and thence the obnoxious results of combustion are conveyed into the atmosphere
as from fire or gas stoves of ordinary construction.
When I use two or more series of pipes, oue in front of the other, they are all
connected with, but have a separate outlet from the fire-box; and at the top of
each series of pipes, all are connected into one conduit for the purpose of conveying
away the products of combustion and air.
As stated previously, the fire-box is in the centre of the series of pipes, therefore,
if all the heated air and products of combustion were to go one way, say to the
right the half of the bottom line to the left would be imperfectly heated. To
avoid this, I allow a small portion of the gases and air to pass the opposite way to
the main current, by making a small hole in the first diaphragm in the upright on
the side opposite to the course of the main current.
Also, seeing that the gases and air issue in the centre of the top pipe or pipes,
there would be a cool half, if provision were not made to send some of the gases
through that portion. I therefore make a small hole in the top diaphragm in the
upright on the side that would otherwise be cool, and allow a small portion of the
gases to escape to the outlet that way.

page_text: In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1. represents an elevation of a heating apparatus constructed according to
my invention, one half of the view is in section to more clearly illustrate the
same.
Fig. 2. is an end view of the same also partly in section, and
Fig. 3. is a plan of the apparatus.
The apparatus may consist of one or more series of pipes; in the drawings 1
have shown two series of horizontal pipes coupled to upright pipes placed at
the end.
To the bottom horizontal pipe or pipes A, is attached a fire-box B. by preference
perforated at the door C. and through the bottom plate D. Within the fire-box B.
are a number of gas jets E. regulated by a tap F, the heated products of com-
bustion rising from the fire-box B. into the bottom horizontal pipe or pipes A, the
major portion of the heated. products of combustion passing to the right, then in
the direction of the curved arrows through the second row of horizontal pipes A'
and so on to the top horizontal pipe A to the outlet G, thus heating the series of
pipes and by them warming the room.
The circulation of the heated gases through the horizontal and vertical pipes in
the manner described, is effected by placing diaphragms in the upright pipes P. P.
and in order that the portion X. of bottom pipe or pipes A. shown in section may
be heated, some of the heated gases are made to pass in that direction by forming
a small hole F¹ in the first diaphragm F. through which a portion of the
gases pass.
Provision is also made for some of the heated gases to flow through the portion A'
of top horizontal pipe or pipes to the outlet pipe G. by placing a hole F through
top diaphragm F. thus enabling some of the heated gases to escape through same
and flow towards the outlet pipe G. \
The other diaphragms F3 and F4 may be perforated or otherwise.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
The construction of a gas stove heating apparatus substantially in the manner as
herein set forth.
Dated this 29th day of March 1894.
JOHN WAUGH,
Agent.