IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF AXLE BOXES FOR RAILWAY, TRAMWAY, AND OTHER SIMILAR ENGINES, CARRIAGES, AND TRUCKS, AND A TUDDAWNS MUSIAN AT TALWA 75 AWAN DAGO
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Bingham Alliott and Alfred Hardy Sellers,
both of the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF AXLE BOXES FOR
RAILWAY, TRAMWAY, AND OTHER SIMILAR ENGINES, CARRIAGES, AND TRUCKS,
AND A TUDDAWNS MUSIAN AT TALWA
75 AWAN DAGO
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Bingham Alliott
and Alfred Hardy Sellers at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 26th January 1870.
We, JAMES BINGHAM ALLIOTT and ALFRED HARDY SELLERS, both of
the Town and County of the Town of Nottingham, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF AXLE BOXES FOR RAILWAY, TRAMWAY, AND OTHER SIMILAR ENGINES, CARRIAGES,
AND TRUCKS, AND AN IMPROVED METHOD OF LUBRICATING THE AXLES IN SUCH
Boxes," to be as follows:-
The object in the construction is to make the oil reservoir of axle
boxes in an air-tight manner so as to limit the quantity of oil flowing

page_text: therefrom to prevent waste, also to regulate the flow of the oil as the
axle revolves.
The boxes are made with a reservoir in which a quantity of oil is
placed and which is closed by a flap or other cover, which is rendered
air-tight. by suitable packing and spring or other fastenings. The t
bottom of the reservoir is pierced with one or more holes vertically
or at an angle, in which rods or wires are free to rise and fall. The
holes are preferably made of sufficient size to receive a socket or ferrule
of wood, metal, or other material'; if made of wood it would be necessary
to line it with metal. The ordinary brasses may be employed for
bearing on the axles; in that caso the rods or wires would pass through
them as well as through the bottoms of the reservoirs. The lower ends
of the rods or wires would thus rest upon the axle, and as it revolves
a tremulous motion of the rods is produced which causes a flow of oil to
the journals.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Bingham Alliott and Alfred Hardy Sellers
in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 26th July 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
BINGHAM ALLIOTT and ALFRED HARDY SELLERS, both of the Town and
County of the Town of Nottingham, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of January, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said James Bingham Alliott and Alfred
Hardy Sellers, Her special licence that we, the said James Bingham
Alliott and Alfred Hardy Sellers, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said James Bingham Alliott and
Alfred Hardy Sellers, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF AXLE BOXES FOR RAILWAY,
TRAMWAY, AND OTHER SIMILAR ENGINES, CARRIAGES, AND TRUCKS, AND AN Ix-

page_text: PROVED METHOD OF LUBRICATING THE AXLES IN SUCH BOXES," upon the condition,
(amongst others) that we, the said James Bingham Alliott and Alfred
Hardy Sellers, or one of us, our executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YĘ, that we, the said James Bingham 'Alliott and Alfred
Hardy Sellers, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference
being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and
figures marked thereon (that is to say) :-
The object in the construction of axle boxes is to make the reservoir
in which the oil is placed air-tight, so as to control the flow therefrom
for the purpose of preventing waste, also to regulate the flow of the oil
as the axle revolves.
The boxes are made with a reservoir in which a quantity of oil is
placed, and which is closed by a lap or other cover, which is rendered
air-tight by suitable packing and spring or other fastenings. The bottom
of the reservoir is pierced with one or more holes vertically or at an angle,
in which rods or wires are free to rise and fall. The holes are preferably
made of sufficient size to receive a socket or ferrule of wood, metal, or
other material; if made of wood it would be necessary to line it with
metal. The ordinary brasses may be employed for bearing on the axles;
in that case the rods or wires would pass through them as well as
through the bottoms of the reservoirs. The lower ends of the rods or
wires will thus rest upon the axle, and as it revolves a tremulous motion
of the rods is produced which causes a flow of oil to the journals.
The Invention will be well understood by referring to the accompany-
ing Drawings, which represent at Figure 1 a longitudinal section and
at Figure 2 a transverse section of an axle box with our improvements
applied thereto.
a is the outer shell or casing of the axle box, which is generally of
cast metal; its upper part is formed hollow or with a chamber 6 to serve
as an oil reservoir. The outside of the box at top has two lugs c, c,

page_text: which are pierced with holes for a pin d to be passed into to hold a flap e
in position over the opening. This flap is capable of being lifted by
hand after removing the spring catch m from the lip of it. The under
side of the flap is recessed, so that packing of any suitable kind can be
placed in it to make an air-tight joint round the edge of the reservoir!
mouth or opening, and thus prevent the oil flowing to wasto when the
axle which revolves in the box is not running. The bottom % of the
chamber is pierced with one or more holes, as circumstances may dictate.
In the Figures we have shown the bottom as being only pierced with
one hole, and that is sufficient to render our Invention intelligible. This:
piercing is preferably done at an angle, as shown, so that the wire or
pin i which is placed in the hole may vibrate in a more easy regular
manner than if it were vertical. It will, however, be necessary in most
cases to fit a socket j into the hole, so that the pin can vibrate in that
instead of in the piercing of the box. This socket may bo of wood and
made to fit the hole by being simply pushed in, or it may be made
entirely of metal; in that case it can be screwed in, as clearly represented
in Figure 1. If a wooden socket is used it should be lined with a metal
ferrule. The pin i also passes through the brass or brasses %, which act
as bearings to the journals of the axles. These brasses are recessed or
grooved for a portion of their length, which recess admits of the oil
spreading itself over the entire top central surface of the journal, and
thereby ensuring the whole of it being lubricated. The boxes are fitted
with guide lugs I, I, to ride against the "horn plates" in the usual manner,
so that they adjust themselves to the motion of the springs or of the load
which may be placed in or upon the carriage or truck to which our axle
boxes are fitted. The bottom of the axle box may be entirely open, as
shown in the Drawings, or it may be closed by a force or by a permanent
bottom as found desirable.
•
Among the advantages to be derived by the use of our Invention is a
great saving in the weight of metal of which the box is composed as
compared with that of the present axle box; also the facility with which
an axle can be placed in position, there being no bolts or screws to
loosen or to tighten up when such an occasion presents itself, to say
nothing of the immenso saving of oil by the employment of the pin or
pins as before described, as no more oil can flow from the reservoir than
is really required to lubricate the journal, and then only while the axle
is running, for the instant the axle stops the oil ceases to flow. If the
boxes are open at bottom the brass or brasses should be sccured in place

page_text: by suitable fastenings, or by studs or projections upon them which fit
into recesses provided for them, as shown. The spring catch m can be
bolted to the front of the box to act in the manner as shewn, or it may
be arranged in any other way.
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claim as
our Invention,―
The construction of axle boxes with a chamber or reservoir which can
be rendered air-tight in the manner and for the purposes herein-before
described.
Secondly. We claim the means herein-before described and shown for
lubricating the journals of axles of railway, tramway, and other similar
engines, carriages, and trucks.
And, lastly. We claim the general construction of axle boxes in the
manner described and represented.
In witness whereof, we, tho said James Bingham Alliott and Alfred
Hardy Sellers, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty-
sixth day of July One thousand eight hundred and seventy.
J. B. ALLIOTT. (L.S.)
A
H SELLERS (T.-0)