IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND COMBINATION OF MATERIALS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE INTERNAL PARTS OF CUPOLAS, RETORTS, STOVES, FURNACES & FIREPLACES."
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Bryan George Davies Cooke, of Colomendy, in the County
of Denbigh, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND
COMBINATION OF MATERIALS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE INTERNAL
PARTS OF CUPOLAS, RETORTS, STOVES, FURNACES & FIREPLACES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Bryan George Davies Cooke
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th February 1881.
BRYAN GEORGE DAVIES COOKE, of Colomendy, in the County of Denbigh.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND COMBINATION OF MATERIALS FOR
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE INTERNAL PARTS OF CUPOLAS, RETORTS, STOVES,
FURNACES & FIREPLACES."
My Invention consists in forming those portions of cupolas, retorts, stoves,
furnaces and fireplaces that are usually made of burnt firebrick of unburnt blocks
or bricks, which I form under pressure of silica in combination with alumina or
lime or both, or with other cementacious matters.
I combine with the silica about ten per cent. of alumina or lime, or five per cent.
of alumina and five per cent. of lime.
I also crush or grind silicious rock, and combine it with binding materials or
with alumina and lime, or either, in the proportion above named.
When I use fireclays as my binding material I use fifteen or twenty per cent.
with the crushed or ground silicious rock, and submit it in moulds of the desired
forms to great pressure, so that the blocks or bricks thus made will be quite solid,
and will bear handling and carriage, and may be erected without being previously
burnt in kilns or otherwise.
These blocks or bricks after erection become one homogeneous mass when acted
upon by the fire or furnace.

page_text: The cupolas, retorts, or fireplaces thus made are free from flaws and more
durable than those made of kiln burnt blocks, and the expense of kiln burning
and loss of time in handling the blocks are saved.
I also use silicious materials or silica not combined with alumina or lime, and
make it into bricks or blocks under great pressure; but in all cases I dispense with
kiln burning, and the material is green moulded and burnt in its own fire. The
proportions of alumina or lime that I have given may be varied according to the
quality of the silica or silicious material used.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Bryan George Davies Cooke in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
27th August 1881.
BRYAN GEORGE DAVIES COOKE, of Colomendy, in the County of Denbigh.
" IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND COMBINATION OF MATERIALS FOR
THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE INTERNAL PARTS OF CUPOLAS, RETORTS, STOVES,
FURNACES AND FIREPLACES."
My Invention consists in forming those portions of cupolas, retorts, stoves,
furnaces and fireplaces that are usually made of burnt fire brick of unburnt blocks
or bricks; which I form under pressure of silica in combination with alumina or
lime or both, or with other cementacious matters. I combine with the silica about
five per cent. of alumina or lime, or five per cent. of alumina and five per cent. of
lime.
I also crush or grind silicious rock, and combine it with binding materials or
with alumina and lime, or either, in the proportion above named. When I use.
fireclays as my binding material I use fifteen or twenty per cent. with the crushed
or ground silicious rock, and submit it in moulds of the desired forms to great
pressure, so that the blocks or bricks thus made will be quite solid, and will bear
handling and carriage, and may be erected without being previously burnt in kilns
or otherwise.
These blocks or bricks after erection become one homogeneous mass when acted
upon by the fire or furnace.
The cupolas, retorts, or fire places thus made are more free from flaws and more
durable than those made of ordinary kiln burnt blocks or bricks, and the expense
of kiln burning and loss of time in handling the blocks are saved.
I also use silicious materials or silica not artificially combined with alumina or
lime when such materials naturally contain in themselves sufficient cementacious
matter, and make them into bricks or blocks under great pressure; but in all cases
I dispense with kiln burning, and the material is green moulded and burnt in its
own fire.
The proportions of alumina or lime that I have given may be varied according
to the quality of the silica or silicious material used.

page_text: I find it advantageous to mix the lime with water to the consistency of milk
previous to incorporating it with the silica, and then allow the combined materials
to dry till of the proper consistency for moulding and pressing. Moulds of any
desired form, and any suitable machinery may be used in the manufacture of my
improved blocks or bricks.
Having stated the nature of my Invention, and described the manner of
performing the same, I declare that I claim,-
1. Forming those portions of cupolas, retorts, stoves, furnaces, and fireplaces
that are usually made of burnt firebrick of unburnt blocks, or bricks of silica or
silica in combination with lime or other cementacious matter moulded under great
pressure, as herein described.
2. Combining silica and crushed or ground silicious rocks with alumina or lime,
or other cementacious matter, in the proportions and for the purpose substantially
as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Bryan George Davies Cooke, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of August, One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one.
B. G. DAVIES COOKE. (L.S.)