CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRINGS, AND ALSO IN THE MODES OF THEIR APPLICA- umunica
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Hill; of the Town and County of the
Town of Southampton, Gentleman, for the Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRINGS, AND ALSO IN THE MODES OF THEIR APPLICA-
umunication
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Hill at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th March 1853.
I, THOMAS HILL, of the Town and County of the Town of South-
ampton, Gent", do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRINGS, AND ALSO IN THE MODES OF THEIR
APPLICATION TO RAILWAY ENGINES AND CARRIAGES." (being a communica-
tion.) to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the laying together any number of plates
of steel or other metals having buckles to clip the two extremities, or
the extremities welded or soldered together, and then bent up into a
serpentine form.

page_text: The fixing double right angle pieces of irou" lengthways with the
vehicle for the purpose of keeping the spring in its place, and a shoe or
socket at the base thereof to stop the spring working beyond a certain
point.
The peculiar plan of placing the serpentine formed spring lengthways
between the inside face of the end pieces and other parts of under
framing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Thomas lill, in the Great Seal Patent Office, on
the 29th September 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS, SHALL COME, I,
THOMAS HILL, of the Town and County of the Town of Southampton,
send greeting.
year
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of March, in the
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Thomas Hill, ny executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, Her special license that I, the said Thomas Hill,
my exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as 1, the said
Thomas Hill, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN SPRINGS, AND IN THE MODES OF THEIR APPLI-
CATION TO RAILWAY ENGINES AND CARRIAGES," upon tho condition,
amongst others, that I, the said Thomas Hill, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and scal, should particularly describe and as-
certain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Hill, do hereby de-
clare the nature of this said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and description thereof, together with the
accompanying drawings hereunto annexed.
This Invention consists of a spring or springs for railway and other
carriages, and in certain modes of applying the same thereto. The
said springs are formed by laying together a number of plates of stee!
or other metal, the ends of which are clipped or held together by means
of buckles, rivits, or buttons, or the ends may be welded or soldered
together; when the plates have been fastened together at the ends by
either of the modes above mentioned they are beaten up into a serpentine
form or forms similar to those shewn upon the drawing, numbered 745,
and lettered T, HI, accompanying this specification. Fig. 2, on the said
drawings shews a plan of the under framing of a railway carriage.
Fig. 3, a vertical section through the said frame on the line A, B, at
Fig. 2. These frames are shewn upon the drawing for the purpose of
illustrating the mode in which the springs are applied. The form
shewn at Fig. 1, is adapted for a buffer spring, and is applied in the
manner shewn at C, C, Figs. 2, and 3; in which case both buffers
act upon the same spring, or they may be applied as shown at G, G, on
the same Figures; in the latter case the buffer bars are shortened, each
buffer acts upon a separate spring, and the cross frames do not require
to be cut through. The springs are held in their places by means of
iron plates with double right angle flanges, as shewn in section at
Fig. 4, which flanges form a top and bottom groove for the purpose of
keeping the bows of the springs in their vertical position; in these grooves
the springs have suflicient play to expand or contract as required. The
iron plates are fixed so that the inner flange projects before the face of
the frame, and keeps the spring clear, and prevents it from chafing;
when pressure is applied to the buffers D, D, Figs. 2, and 3, they
act upon the springs through the bars E, E, which run or are movable
in sockets cut in the cross frames; the ends of these buffer bars and the
ends of the springs are always in contact, and when the pressure is
withdrawn from the buffer the spring expands until it has recovered its

page_text: original position between the two sockets or shoes F, F, provided for
the purpose of keeping the spring from working beyond a certain point
of expansion. Fig. 5, on the drawing shows a bearing spring, the
mode of applying which is shewn at G, G, Fig. 6; the number of
bows or loops of the spring may be more or less as may be required.
H, Fig. 5, is a loose ring to keep the inverted loop stiff. The bearing
springs as here shewn are formed in two parts, bolted or rivetted
together at the ends, and fastened to the axle box at bottom, and to the
carriage frame at top.
It is to be understood, however, that I do not confine myself to the
precise forms of spring shewn upon the drawing and herein described,
nor yet the particular modes of applying the same, as both may be
varied without departing from the principle of this Invention. I there-
fore claim--
Firstly, the springs formed as herein described, and applied in the
manner illustrated on the accompanying drawing.
Secondly, all such modifications of the said springs in form as may
be, so long as the principle or mode of obtaining the spring is by a
similar construction in accordance with this said Invention.
Thirdly, claim the application of the said springs to railway
engines, railway and other carriages.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Hill, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of September, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
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