Improvements in Machinery for Making Biscuits.
Year: 1899

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machinery for Making Biscuits.
I, ALEXANDRE POUEY, of 114, Rue Bergere, Marseilles, France, Inventor, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of my invention is a machine for cutting biscuits and arranging them,
at the same time, on the trays used for placing them in the oven.
The annexed drawings show by way of example a mode of carrying out the
invention.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine.
Fig. 2 is a plan.
Fig. 3 is an end 'view.
Fig. 4 is a cross section on line X-Y Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a cross section on line UV Fig. 1.
The machine consists of a frame a. on which the driving shaft is placed and
driven by means of a wheel e provided with a handle, or by any other mechanical
driving gear. Mounted on each side of the frame is a guide which possesses
three slots e, f, g, the first being a horizontal one and the other two vertical ones
Working in the slot e is the moulding device h, which is operated by the connecting
rod i which latter is jointed to the crank made integral with a toothed wheel k,
gearing with a wheel 7, mounted on the driving shaft b. Working in the slot f. is
the hollow stamper m, operated by the connecting rod n. which latter is eccentrically
jointed to a toothed wheel o, gearing with a wheel p, mounted on the driving
shaft b. Working in the slot g. is the solid stamper operated by the connecting
rod r. which latter is jointed to the cranks, keyed on the shaft t, on which a second
crank is keyed and jointed to one end of the connecting rod whose other end is
eccentrically jointed to the toothed wheel o, at the same point as the connecting
rod n.
At the entrance of the machine, two rollers, are arranged, the one above the
other, and between which an endless feeding cloth or apron z passes.
The roller is operated by a connecting rod y jointed to a crank 1 keved
on the end of the driving shaft. The rod is connected with a double crank 2.
keved. on the one side, on the axle of the roller w, and, on the other side, on the
axle of a chain wheel 3, which transmits the motion of the roller e, by means of an
endless chain 5, to another chain wheel 4 keyed on the axle of a roller 6, round
which and also the loose roller 7 the feeding apron 3 passes.
The roller c, operates the roller by means of the gearing 8 and 9.
At the end of the machine there is arranged a roller 10 having, at its ends.
chain-wheels 11 over which pass endless chains 12 carrying the plates or travs 13
which receive the cut biscuits and carry them to the oven. The roller 10 is
operated by endless chains passing round the wheels 14 and 15, which are keyed on
the ends of the axles of the rollers 10 and 6 in such a manner, that the transport-

page_text: chains may travel relatively with the feeding apron and can also be proportionately
regulated to the latter, or vice versa.
It is to be observed that all the organs of transmission of the machine are
repeated on both sides of the latter with the exception of the connecting
rody the cranks 1 and 2 and the wheels 8 and 9.
The moulding device consists of a sliding frame 16 and a block 17 to whose lower
surface the cutters or shaping dies are fixed, and, below these, the stamps or dies which
imprint the mark on the biscuits cut by the cutters. Between the frame 16 and
the block 17 some springs 18 are arranged for the purpose of lifting the block
during its passage between the two stampers. The block 17 is also perforated with
several openings in which pistons or plungers 19 are arranged and kept in their
normal raised position by springs 20.
It is easy to understand how the machine operates: the paste is carried by the
feeding apron z to the rollers and a between which it is flattened out to the
desired thickness and then it continues its course till it arrives under the moulding
device h, above the roller 6. At this moment the stamper m comes down and
presses on the sides of the block 17 which penetrates the paste, cuts, and prints it,
and carries off the biscuits as soon as the stamper m rises again. Owing to the
action of the springs 18, which raise the block up on the sliding frame when
the moulding device comes under the stamper g, the latter can descend and press on
the heads of the pistons 19 with the result that the biscuits are forced out of the
cutters.
The biscuits are received by the plates or trays 13 and carried to the oven by the
action of the chains 12.
It will be observed that the endless apron only comes under the first stamper,
where the paste is cut and the biscuits carried along, and that the transporting
chains with the plates do not go beyond the second stamper, where the biscuits
are forced out from the cutters: there is thus an empty space between the two
transporting arrangements and it is in this space that the odd pieces of the paste
resulting from the cutting out process fall down.
The afore described machine has a mould which moves back and forwards and
it is evident that I can replace this reciprocating mould by a circular mould
having either a continuous or intermittent rotary motion. To effect this all that is
necessary is to mount the circular mould on pivots and to provide one pivot with a
ratchet wheel which could be worked by a pawl. a system of levers, or any other
appropriate driving gear, and the connecting rod i.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I consider novel and desire to claim is:
:-
1. A machine for cutting-out biscuits and placing them on trays, characterized
by a movable mould (provided with cutters) and stampers which are arranged so as to
successively effect the cutting out of the paste brought under the mould and the
forcing out of the mould of the biscuits cut out the biscuits being received by
the travelling plates or trays on which they are transported to the oven,
substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. A machine for cutting-out biscuits and placing them on trays, characterized
by a horizontally reciprocating mould, two vertically reciprocating stampers, an
endless travelling apron which carries the paste under the mould where it is cut
by the first stamper, and a transporting device, provided with trays or plates and
operated mechanically, which carries forward the biscuits forced out of the mould
by the second stamper, the waste-pieces of paste falling down between the trans-
porting device and the endless apron whilst the mould is travelling from one
stamper to the other, substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. In a machine such as claimed in Claims 1 and 2, a mould for cutting-out
biscuits characterized by a sliding frame, a movable block resting on springs carried
by the frame, cutters secured to the lower face of the block, stamps fixed at the

page_text: bottom of the cutters, and pistons arranged in holes in the block, and retained in
their normal or up position by means of springs, substantially as herein before
described.
4. A machine for cutting-out biscuits, and placing them upon trays made sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the drawings annexed.
Dated this 10th day of April 1899.
H. D. FITZPATRICK,
100, Wellington Street, Glasgow, Agent.