IMPROVE- MENTS IN METALLIC PENS AND PENHOLDERS CONJOINTLY
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard William Barnes, of the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN METALLIC PENS AND PENHOLDERS CONJOINTLY."
Sealed the 13th December 1867, and dated the 17th June 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard William Barnes
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th June 1867.
I, RICHARD WILLIAM BARNES, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC PENS AND PENHOLDERS CONJOINTLY," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the construction of pens
and penholders conjointly, whereby the inconvenience occasioned by the pens
slipping in or coming out of the holder in the act of being wiped or dropping
out whilst being used is entirely obviated, the pen is more firmly secured in
the bolder than heretofore, and when the pen is reversed and pushed into the
holder it is securely held in position, thus rendering it portable and ensuring
the nibs against injury.
My improvements in pens conjointly with the holder consist in forming
one or more holes, notches, indentations, or projections in suitable positions-
upon the length or periphery or edges of the pens as to conveniently allow

page_text: corresponding projecting tongues or nibs, projections or indentations formed
on the holder, or upon any suitable form of spring disposed in the holder, or
upon a spring disposed upon or forming part of the surface or periphery of
the holder to engage or lock at right angles to the length of the pen into one
or more of such notches, holes, indentations, or projections, when by so
locking in together with the action of the spring pressing at right angles or
obliquely upon the longitudinal edges or against the surface or periphery of
the pen such pen will be kept perfectly steady in position and will be prevented
slipping into or dropping out of the holder whilst being used or coming out of
the holder whilst being wiped. It will be apparent that the forming of the
several holds, notches, indentations, or projections in the pens herein-before
described, do not in any way interfere with such pens being used for any other
description of penholders.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Richard William Barnes in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 17th December 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
WILLIAM BARNES, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs, and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Richard William Barnes, Her special license, that I, the said Richard
William Barnes, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as
I, the said Richard William Barnes, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC PENS AND PENHOLDERS CONJOINTLY," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Richard William Barnes, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office

page_text: within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard William Barnes, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the construction of pens
and penholders conjointly, whereby the inconvenience occasioned by the pen
slipping in or coming out of the holder in the act of being wiped or dropping out.
whilst being used is entirely obviated, the pen is more firmly secured in the
bolder than heretofore, and when the pen is reversed and pushed into the
holder it is securely held in position, thus rendering it portable, and ensuring
the nibs against injury.
My improvements in pens conjointly with the holder consists in forming
one or more holes, notches, indentations, or projections in suitable positions
upon the length or periphery or edges of the pens as to conveniently allow
corresponding projecting tongues or nibs, projections or indentations formed
on the holder or upon any suitable form of spring disposed in the holder, or
upon a spring disposed upon or forming part of the surface or periphery of
the holder to engage or lock at right angles to the length of the pens into
one or more of such notches, holes, indentations, or projections, when by so
locking in together with the action of the spring pressing at right angles or
obliquely upon the longitudinal edges, or against the surface or periphery of
the pen, such pen will be kept perfectly steady in position, and will be pre-
vented slipping into or dropping out of the holder whilst being used, or coming
out of the holder whilst being wiped. It will be apparent that the forming
of the several holes, notches, indentations, or projections in the pens herein-
before described, do not in any way interfere with such pens being used for
any other description of penholders.
That this my said Invention may be the more readily seen and understood
I have hereunto annexed a Sheet of Drawings illustrative of several modifi-
cations of my improvements in metallic pens and penholders conjointly, and
drawn upon an enlarged scale. Similar letters marked on the Drawings, and
herein-after mentioned are used to denote similar parts.
For the sake of simplifying the elucidation of my improvements I will first
proceed to describe separately the several holes, notches, indentations, or
projections formed in or upon the length or periphery, or edges of the pens,
and will afterwards explain the use and application of such holes, notches,
indentations, or projections conjointly with the improvements in penholders.

page_text: Fig. 1 is a top exterior view of a metallic pen having one, two, or more
holes A formed in its length as illustrated; Fig. 2 is an exterior top view of
a metallic pen, having one, two, or more notches B, cut into its longitudinal
edges, as illustrated; Fig. 3 is a side sectional view, and Fig. 4 is an exterior
top view of a metallic pen, provided with one, two, or more transverse inden-
tations C formed in its periphery or convex surface, and Fig. 5 is a side
sectional view, and Fig. 6 a top exterior view of another pen, having one,
two, or more transverse projections D formed upon its periphery or convex
surface, which projections correspond with indentations formed on the metallic
tip of the holder; Fig. 7 is a side sectional view, and Fig. 8 is an underneath
view or plan of one modification of my improvements in metallic pens and
penholders conjointly; E, being the metallic part or tip of the holder; F, the
metallic pen, and G a spring disposed inside the holder, which spring is kept in
position by having one of its ends passed through the metallic tip E at the part
marked H, whilst the other end marked I, is made wider, so as to impinge or
press firmly against the longitudinal edges or surface of the F. The
extreme end of the metallic tip E is turned down so as to form a tongue, nib,
or projection J, which enters one of the corresponding holes A (Fig. 1), or
indentations C (Fig. 3), formed in the pen to receive it, when by so locking in,
together with the action of the spring G, pressing at right angles against its
longitudinal edges such pen is held securely in position.
pen
Fig. 7 illustrates the position of the pen F when pressed down, shewing
the tongue, nib, or projection J, ready to enter one of the corresponding holes
A formed in the pen in the act of placing the pen into or withdrawing it from
the holder, and the dotted lines represent the position the pen may assume
when extra pressure is placed upon it in writing, which in practice is found
to be a great advantage, as the elasticity of the pen is thereby considerably
increased.
Fig. 9 is a side sectional view, and Fig. 10 is an underneath view or plan of
another modification of my improvements in pens and penholders conjointly,
which is similar in many respects to that illustrated by Figs. 7 and 8, the
spring being placed and secured in the metallic tip in the same manner, but
the tongue, nib, or projection J is dispensed with from the metallic tip E, and
the extreme front end of the spring G is turned up as illustrated at K for the
purpose of entering one of the notches B formed on the longitudinal edge of
the pen L (seen in plan at Fig. 2).
Fig. 9 represents the position of the pen in the act of being placed in the
metallic tip of the holder, shewing the front turned up end of the spring K ready
to enter one of the notches B cut into the longitudinal edges of the pen L.

page_text: Fig. 11 is a side sectional view, and Fig. 12 an end view of another
method of securing the spring G in the metallic tip E, which consists in con-
structing the spring with a ferrule M at its rear end, and having a nib N
projecting from such ferrule to pass through the cylindrical part of the tip at
the under side instead of on the upper side, as illustrated in Figs. 7, 8, 9, and
10, such spring may be formed out of a piece of flat metal, having its rear
end bent round, as illustrated by Fig. 12, to form the ferrule, which is designed
to prevent the nib N from being lifted out of position when once sprung into
the hole formed on the under side of the tip to receive it. This arrangement
of fastening the spring is applicable for either of the modifications illustrated
by Figs, 7, 8, 9, and 10.
Fig. 13 is a side exterior view, Fig. 14, a front end view, and Fig. 15 is
a top exterior view or plan of an ordinary penholder and pen conjointly, having
my improvements applied thereto. O is the ordinary metallic tip of the
holder, which is constructed all in one piece, having a portion of the side or
cylindrical part (marked P) of the tip slit partially round, and bent inwards,
as illustrated in order to form the socket to receive the pen Q, which may be
the same as Fig. 1 or Fig. 3; the extreme end of the tip O is turned down
so as to form a tongue, nib, or projection R, which enters one of the corre-
sponding holes A, Fig. 1, or indentations C, Fig. 3, formed in the pen to
receive it, when by so locking in together with the pressure exercised at right
angles against its concave surface by the parts B of the metallic tip of the
holder which acts as a spring such pen is held perfectly steady in position.
Fig. 13, represents a side sectional view of the method of locking the pen
in the modification represented by Figs. 13, 14, and 15, the parts of the
metallic tip marked P, yield sufficiently to allow the pen to be inserted into
or disengaged from the tip when required.
Fig. 16 is a side sectional view, Fig. 17 a front end view, and Fig. 18 is
a top view or plan of an ordinary form of penholder and pen having my
improvements applied thereto. The metallic tip of the holder S is constructed
all in one piece, as will be apparent from the illustration, and the spring T is
formed out of part of the tip, which is slit up as seen more plainly in Fig. 18,
and at its end U is bent down so as to form a tongue or nib to enter one of
the holes A, Fig. 1, or indentations C, Fig. 3, formed in the pen, and thus
lock such pen in position, the extreme point of such spring being curled up in
order to form a hook for raising it to the position indicated by the dotted lines,
Fig. 16, for the insertion or withdrawal of the pen.
Fig. 19 is a side sectional view, and Fig. 20 is a front end view of a metallic
tip, which is formed out of one piece of metal bent round, as seen in Fig. 20,

page_text: the inner cylindrical part of which is slit down at the parts marked V, in order
to act as a spring, and yield for the insertion of the pen, and the extreme front
end of which is bent down at W, in order to form a projecting tongue or nib,
which enters a corresponding hole or indentation formed in the pen.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my
said Invention, together with the best methods with which I am acquainted
for carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly understood
that I lay
no claim to any of the parts or portions of the pens or penholders
separately and distinct from one another, nor do I confine myself to the precise
form, relative proportions, or dimensions of the several parts or portions, as
the same may be considerably varied without departing from the Invention;
but what I do claim is, the combination or joint action of one or more holes,
notches, indentations, or projections formed in or upon the length, periphery,
or edges of the pens with the corresponding projecting tongues, nibs, pro-
jections, or indentations formed in or upon the metallic tip, or upon any
suitable form of spring disposed in or placed on or forming part of the holder,
such springs in whatever form acting at right angles or obliquely to the
length of the pens for the purpose of engaging or locking the pens into the
holders, as herein-before described and illustrated in the accompanying Drawings,
or any mere modification of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard William Barnes, have hereunto
set my hand and affixed my seal, this Sixteenth day of December,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
RICHARD WILLIAM BARNES. (L.S.)
Witnessed by,
JOHN G. WILSON,
Patent Agent,
Imperial Chambers,
Manchester.