Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Apr., 1891-Accepted, 23rd May, 1891
1, indicates a bifurcated jaw, which is preferably constructed out of one piece of
material, by the material being bent at its median portion and compressed together
where the lap is made, but the free and extended portions stand asunder for the
purpose hereinafter stated.
Said jaw may also be made of one solid piece of metal and split thereby forming
the bifurcations.
Said jaw is provided with an upright portion 7 and bifurcations 2 between which
bifurcations arm or lever 3 is interposed and therein pivotally secured.
The bifurcations 2 as well as the upright portion 7 of jaw 1, are provided on their
inner surfaces with a series of ratchet teeth. The mtchet teeth formed on the
upright portions of the jaw slant downwardly and those formed on the bifurcations 2
project toward arm 3 when the same is secured in its normal position.
Arm 3 is pivotally secured between the bifurcations 2 by means of a bolt or
rivet 4, thereby permitting it to freely move in its pivotal connection.
The front and lower terminal portion of arm 3 is provided with an approximately
parabolic marginal surface, the same being provided with a series of ratchet teeth.
Said ratchet teeth are formed with their lower surfaces approximately parallel to
each other and also parallel to the straight and plain upper portion of arm 3,
so that when power is applied to said arm they impinge and bite directly against
the surface of the same.
The angle formed by the upright portion 7 of the jaw 1, and the bifurcations 2
is acute so that when the same is placed over a pipe and the curved portion of arm 1
is brought against said pipe, three portions of said pipe will be subjected to an
impinging contact. One portion being in direct contact with the ratchet teeth
formed on the upright portion 7 of jaw 1, another portion of the pipe in contact
with the ratchet teeth formed on the bifurcations 2, and the third in contact with
the ratchet teeth formed on the rounded portion of arm 3, or, in other words,
by the formation of the acute angle between the upright portion 7 and bifurcations 2
of jaw 1, and by the arm being provided with a bulged or parabolic marginal
surface, the pipe is subjected to more contact surface than would be otherwise
effected by any other construction.
The bifurcations 2 are situated asunder at such a distance that the front and
terminal portion of the arm 3 is free to move downwardly between the same at any
desired distance, or pass clear through.
The essential feature of my invention is in the construction of a wrench with few
and simple parts and adapted to receive various sizes of pipes, embodying an easy
adjustment to receive different sizes.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A pipe wrench consisting of an arm, and an angular jaw pivoted directly and
permanently to the same, substantially as set forth.
2. A pipe wrench consisting of an arm and an acute, bifurcated angular jaw,
between which bifurcations said arm is interposed and pivoted directly and per-
manently to the same, substantially as set forth.
3. A pipe wrench, consisting of an arm the lower front terminal portion of which
is provided with an indented parabolic marginal surface, and an angular jaw pivoted
directly and permanently to the same, substantially as set forth.
4. A pipe wrench consisting of an arm the lower front terminal portion of which
is provided with an indented parabolic marginal surface, and a bifurcated angular
jaw, between the bifurcations of which said arm is pivoted directly and permanently
to the same, substantially as set forth.
5. A pipe wrench consisting of an arm the lower front terminal portion of which
is provided with an indented bulged surface, and an angular jaw, the inner surface
of the upright portion of said jaw being provided with downwardly formed teeth,
substantially as set forth.
6. A pipe wrench consisting of an arm the lower front terminal portion of which
is provided with an indented bulged surface and an angular bifurcated jaw, the
inner surface of the upright portion of said bifurcation being provided with
downwardly formed teeth, substantially as set forth.
7. A pipe wrench consisting of an arm the lower front terminal portion of which
is provided with a bulged surface the same being provided with ratchet teeth, the
lower surfaces of which teeth are parallel and also parallel to the straight upper
face of said arm, and an angular bifurcated jaw, the inner surface of said bifurcations
being likewise provided with ratchet teeth and interposed between the bifurcations
thereof said arm is pivotally and permanently secured, substantially as set forth.
8. A pipe wrench, consisting of the gripping jaws formed by the curved lower
end of the lever arm or handle of the tool, from a centre or pivot outward and the
angular bifurcated depending jaw pivoted thereto, said jaws being provided with
ratchet teeth to grip and hold the pipe, substantially as shown and described.
Dated this 21st day of April 1891.
HERBERT J. ALLISON,
Agent for the Applicant.