Year: 1887

page_text: I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
M.I.M.E. do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This invention relates to an electrical type-writer capable of being used either as an
independent local electro mechanical instrument or as a receiver in conjunction with a
suitable transmitter for printing telegraphs.
In this latter instance the instrument shown in the accompanying drawings and
described hereinafter is more particularly designed to be utilized in conjunction with
the improved transmitter which is described and illustrated in specification of prior
Letters Patent granted to me dated the 17th day of May 1887 No. 7202 and also in
the present specification and drawings attached thereto.
As an independent electro mechanical type writer it consists essentially of a
mechanically arranged key board carrying the ordinary letters characters and
punctuation necessary for use in machines of this description. The depression of any
key thereof will mechanically cause the corresponding type lever to make the impression
on the paper which is fed and carried by the paper roll and the release of said key
will allow its respective type lever to fall and at a determined time or instant
thereafter (when said lever reaches its normal inactive position) it will automatically
close an electrical circuit and thereby operate the mechanism shown and described for
making the desired distance or space between the letters or characters imprinted upon
the paper roll.
In order to make the necessary spaces between words as in ordinary type writers a
specially designed spacing key located on the key board can be depressed the requisite
number of times needed to make the desired distance or spaces between words letters
or characters.
When as before stated the instrument is used in conjunction with a transmitter such

page_text: as shown or with any other such analogous instrument the mechanical key-board is
dispensed with and the circuit closing key board of such transmitting instrument is
substituted therefor each key of which is so arranged that its depression will cause a
corresponding type lever of the receiver to register or imprint upon the paper roll
both of the local receiver and the receiver or receivers at the extremity or extremities
of the line or lines.
When desirable or necessary to detach or cut out either the local receiving instrument
or the receiver at the end of the line or both at the same time, certain means for
accomplishing this result are provided as will be more fully explained hereinafter.
The construction and arrangement of the particular parts of this invention are
substantially the same when the instrument is used as a local type-writer as when
electrically connected with a transmitter for printing telegraphs except that in the
former instance the key board is operated mechanically with respect to the type levers
and in the latter is electro-mechanical. The spacing key however both as regards the
mechanical key board and transmitter is electro mechanical.
This invention consists further in certain details of construction arrangements
and combinations of parts and electrical connections which will be more fully herein-
after described.
The means operated by the descent of the type levers and the depression of the
spacing keys for making the desired distance between the letters and words and the
arrangement of the devices for automatically feeding the paper around the roll and at
the same time making the necessary space between lines is more fully described
hereinafter but will not be claimed except in combination as such mechanism forms
the subject matter of two independent inventions.
Referring to the accompanying drawings,
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view showing two receivers respectively at each end of
the line circuit each electrically connected with its local transmitter A¹ or A" which is
of the construction described herein and provided each with a plug switch for simul-
taneously or alternately cutting said receivers out of circuit with their respective
transmitting instruments A² or A"; the receivers at each end of said line being in
circuit with its respective transmitter the metal plug of the switch removed and the
transmitting instrument lettered A¹ arranged to transmit each electric pulsation
caused by the depression of any of its keys over the line to the distant transmitting
instrument A which is, as shown, in proper position to synchronously indicate or
signify by means of its trailing arm the letter depressed at the instrument A¹ and at
the same time convey said pulsation to its receiver.
Figure 2 is a detached view of this improved type writer with parts broken away
showing partly in section and partly in perspective the arrangement and construction
of the component parts hereinafter more fully described.
Figure 3 is a top plan view also with parts broken away showing the arrangement
and connection of the mechanical key board with the type levers.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the manner of attaching each lever
of the mechanical key board with a pivoted armature which operates its respective
type lever.
Figure 5 is a detail perspective view of the hinged cylindrical enclosing casing.
Figure 6 is a top plan view of the plug switch or cut-out.
Figure 7 is a central section through said switch showing the plug inserted and the
arrangement of the electrical connections.
Figure 8 is a front elevation showing: first, the improved means for advancing the
travelling carriage step by step whereby the letter spacing is effected at a determinate
instant after each imprint is made upon the paper roll carried by said carriage this
apparatus being actuated by each electric pulsation imparted by the fall of each type
lever which closes a secondary electrical circuit; second, the improved automatie
electro-mechanical line spacing mechanism shown and described herein; and third the
mechanical devices for automatically reversing or returning the travelling carriage to
the beginning of the next succeeding line after the desired space has been automatically
made between the completed line and the next to be printed;

page_text: Figure 9 is a transverse section through the longitudinal guide rests of the elevated
platform or travelling carriage showing the automatic line spacing mechanism on the
end of said carriage and paper roll.
Figure 9ª is a detail view in elevation showing the construction of the spring circuit
closer arranged on the end of the said travelling carriage.
Figure 10 is a front elevation of the letter spacing motor showing the arrangement
of the electro magnets and pivoted armatures.
Figure 11 is a detail elevation of the pawl and ratchet mechanism on the end of the
paper roll.
Figure 12 is a detail view with parts broken away and partly in section showing the
front cross bar of travelling carriage its V shaped projection the front guide rest of
the elevated platform the V shaped recess therein, and the adjustable spring actuated
reversing roller journalled upon a short projecting shaft, which, in turn, is secured
at its inner end to the front cross bar of the travelling carriage.
Figure 13 is a detail perspective view of the adjustable roller plate at the beginning
of the line.
Figure 14 is a detail elevation of the improved pawl and ratchet mechanism on the
end of the paper roll.
Eigure 15 is a central vertical section, partly in perspective, of one of the trans-
mitters, on an enlarged scale, showing the series of keys on the outside of the top,
their stems piercing the ends of retracting-springs, the contact-springs secured to the
series of segments corresponding to the number and situation of the keys, the
vertically adjustable cross-bar, the projecting lugs, their catches or clips, the supporting-
flange, the slide-bars for the removable segments, the central rotating shaft suitably
mounted therein, its two parallel arms, the rotating disk, and electro-magnet for
locking said shaft by means of the current received over the line from a separate
instrument.
Figure 16 is a top plan view of cylindrical inclosing-casing with parts broken away
to show the interior construction.
Like letters of reference mark the same parts in all the figures of the drawings.
Before entering into a detailed description of the construction arrangement and
combination of parts it will be hereinafter understood that this invention will be first
described as a receiver in circuit with its respective transmitting instrument at each
end of the line each of said transmitting instruments being of the improved construction
described.
A and A represent respectively two of the transmitting instruments located as
shown in Figure 1 and as above explained at each end of the line circuit B having the
button switches D' and D and their respective parts adjusted properly in order to
convey or transmit an electrical impulse caused by the depression of any of the circuit
closing keys from the receiver B₁ of instrument A simultaneously over the line B,
through the instrument A" into its respective receiver B".
The transmitter Figs. 15 and 16 consists of a cylindrical casing A of suitable size
and material having a lid or top B provided with a series of small peripheral holes or
apertures corresponding to the number of keys intended to be used. Through these
apertures are inserted the stems of the series of Keys E E. In the centre of the
lid B is a central opening for the shaft G.
It will be understood that the apertures formed in the top of the casing are of just
a sufficient distance from the circular opening & to admit of the free rotary movement
of the indicator-arm attached to the projecting end of the central shaft without
impinging against the keys E E, carrying the desired letters or characters.
Immediately below the flange of the lid B are a circular row of small holes
corresponding in number and location to the number of retracting springs of the
keys EE. Through each of said holes is passed one of the small wires a' a', connecting
at one end to the line of the battery and at the other is secured to one of the
retracting springs E¹.
cc designate two slots of suitable length and shape cut through the sides of the
portion A of the casing, which serve as supports for the ends of the lugs of a

page_text: vertically-adjustable cross-bar, F, resting in its normal. position on the supporting
flange or lip F¹, formed on the inside of casing A, and secured when raised by
the pivoted clips dd on the outside of casing, which clips engage and hold the
projecting lugs d' d' of said flange, as shown clearly in Fig. 15. This cross-bar F is
also provided with a circular opening e through which the shaft G extends.
HHH are a series of metallic conducting segments of the form shown, having the
line or surface e inclined and running from the upper plane el to the lower parallel
plane e, the object of this construction being to present an inclined contact surface
which will be free from dust &c. These segments are of suitable number, corre-
sponding to the number of keys E E, and arranged and secured in circular order
upon a suitable hard-rubber ring or base H. Each segment is insulated from the
next adjacent segment, the space between each being filled with an inexpensive and
durable insulating material. (Not shown) Upon the plane e" of each of said
segments H H is fastened by a screw f one of the metallic davit-shaped contact
springs E El, which extends upwardly to within a distance, determined by the length of
the slots cc, of one of the retracting springs E1 E. Thus it will be obvious that when
the cross-bar F is elevated and fastened at the top of slots cc by clips dd the
springs E E will be normally in contact with springs E E. The springs E1 E1
are of conducting metal of great elasticity and of the form shown, and are each
secured directly above its respective contact-springs E1, by suitable screws or rivets,
to the casing A, which as before stated, is of non-conducting material. Near the
forward ends of each of said springs E¹ is a small eye, through which passes the rod f¹
of the stem y, of key E. Each of the keys E E consists of a circular top or button,
the steing, the collar g', formed near the lower end, and the rod floosely passing
through an eye in its respective retracting spring and of the required length to
engage and intercept the rotation of the brush-arm H₁ when its respective key
is depressed. This construction of key is designed both to allow its retracting-spring
to return it to an upright position after it has been once depressed, the collar
preventing it from being retracted too far, and at the same time admits of the removal
of the lid. B, the rods fall slipping easily from the eyes in their respective springs E¹.
The vertical shaft G is made of suitable conducting metal, provided at its lower end
with a small bevel-gear G¹, and formed at its upper end with screw-threads and
shoulder, as shown in Fig. 15.
Gindicates the external indicating arm provided at its inner end with a screw-
threaded perforation (not shown) through which is passed the screw-threaded end of
vertical shaft G, this arm being jammed tightly up against the shoulder of shaft by a
nut H
His the interior brush-arm, which is rigidly secured on the same side of shaft G
and parallel with arm G" by means of a collar h¹, and a jam-nut ", fitting on the
rearwardly projecting screw. Thus the two arms G and H are kept exactly
and rigidly parallel with each other, one indicating the letter or key of the key-board
and the other its corresponding segment. Should those arms inadvertently get out of
line they can be removed and properly readjusted by the jam-nuts Hand h
as before described. The transmitter Figs. 15 and 16 being of the same construction
as illustrated and described, and the respective adjustable parts thereof arranged
relatively and in proper position.
The electrical connections between each instrument A' or A" and its respective
receiver are as follows:-
1
a¹ a¹ indicate a series of wires connecting each retracting spring of the transmitter
to the corresponding electro magnet a" of the receiver B₁ or B", it being understood
that when this invention is used in connection with a transmitting instrument A¹ or A"
of this particular construction each key has a corresponding electro-magnet and type
lever in said receiver.
all a designate the wires connecting the metallic
seginents a¹of the plug switch 00 with the wires a leading from the instrument A¹ or
A to the receiver B¹ or B". The segments a 11 of the plug switch correspond in
number to the keys of the instrument A' or A" and the before described wires a¹¹¹
connecting said segments with the wires a¹ are joined or connected as shown in any

page_text: suitable manner near the instrument A¹ or A". Di
or 11 11
represents a suitable
constant battery connected to the metallic ring C or C of the receiver B¹ or B¹¹.
g designates the wire connecting the battery Dor D1111 with its respective plug
switch O. Cor (indicates a metallic conducting ring shown in Figures 1 and 2
secured upon the base C of the cylindrical enclosing case A; this ring is provided
on its edge or top with a series of binding posts ecclocated at regular intervals
thereupon being opposite and corresponding to the number of magnets a".
The electro magnets a a¹ as before stated correspond in number and relative
situation to the keys of its respective instrument A or A" and are secured in circular
order inside and in proximity to the ring or C. Upon a suitable base of hard
rubber or other insulating material (not shown) fastened to the bottom of the
casing A each of said magnets a is of the ordinary construction except the lower
pole thereof is converted and brought out and up parallel to the side of said magnet
forming substantially an elbow shaped frame as shown the object of which will be
hereinafter explained.
E designates a non-conducting slotted ring of greater diameter than the ring C or C
which is supported in an elevated position by the standards E E the requisite
height from the base C to allow the pivoted armatures d d to be above yet
in proximity to the magnets all a¹¹.
4
This ring E is provided with a central annular slot d¹ running circumferentially
therearound in which are secured the adjustable supporting plates FF having
the armatures d d pivotally connected thereto in a manner to be hereinafter explained
the supports or adjustable bearing plates F F consist each of a base plate f¹ made
preferably of some insulating material and formed curved or convex to conform with
the curvature of the ring E; the adjusting screw f"; and the parallel supporting
arms' or lugs f1 f11 between which latter is pivoted one of the rectangular elbow
shaped armatures d d having its forward end provided with two upright studs g11 gll to
which are attached by a pintle one end of the link rod h the other depending arm of
said armature projecting downwardly in the vicinity of the pole of its respective
magnet all are a series of wires connecting ring C or C with each electro
magnet all GG are the standards or uprights which support and secure the type
lever ring G the desired height above the base C of the casing. This ring is of less
diameter than the ring C or previously described and is provided with, an annular
transverse slot i running centrally and circumferentially around the periphery thereof,
the object of such construction being to allow the type lever supporting devices H H
to be adjusted at regular degrees or intervals around the said ring and at a desired
angle in the slot . Each one of the type lever supports H H is of the same
construction as the plates F F and serve respectively as pivotal supports for the
fulcrummed weighted type levers II which carry each a letter character or punctua-
tion mark corresponding to one of the keys of the instrument A¹ or A¹¹. The series
of type levers are as before described fulcrummed near their upper ends or extremities
by a suitable pivot pin between the projecting lugs of the support H and are each
formed of a straight rod j of a length equal to the radius of the ring G. Upon the
lower forward end of each rod j is secured a metallic ball or weight into which is
respectively placed one of the insertible types as shown and at the upper end of
said rod is fastened the end of the link rod j the lower extremity of which is attached
to the flexible link connection & which connection has its other end secured to the free
end of the link rod herein before described.
K designates a metallic conducting ring secured upon the base C in any suitable
manner having the inclined or flaring sides as shown, the whole forming substantially
an inverted frustum of a cone. Upon the inside and lower edge of said ring
is placed a circular strip of insulating material 1 (preferably hard rubber) to which is
fastened by screws or rivets the metallic strip which together with the spring lever
fingers is formed in one single piece there being one lever finger carrying a small
contact point or stud at its upper end for every type lever I the object of which will
be hereinafter described.
The cylindrical enclosing casing A is preferably made of some ornamental wood having

page_text: open top and bottom and formed in two parts e and el hinged together on one side and
provided with a fastening clip or catch d and a lug on the other side as shown.
This casing is designed to fit in a surface groove or circular recess in the base C such
construction allowing the said casing A to be removed and replaced when found
desirable for any purpose whatsoever such as repairs or cleaning.
Directly underneath the base C is located and secured the ink reservoir or pan L
provided with journalled ribbon pulleys.. or rollers m ml ml1.
MM indicate respectively two rollers or pulleys journalled at desired points
upon short shafts which are fastened on the inside near the top of the casing A. The
pulley Mis provided with a driving band n which imparts motion thereto from the
shaft of the letter spacing mechanism.
M is an endless ribbon or band passing over rollers m m¹ m¹
through perforations o¹ 0111 in the base C the roller or pulley m
centrally and near the bottom of the ink pan or reservoir L.
M111 M11 11 and
being journalled
The Haring ring K is electrically connected with the battery of the spacing
movement by wire n¹ and the rim or strip is similarly connected with an electro
magnet in circuit with said battery by means of a wire n¹¹ (see equivalent construction
in Figure 8).
Referring to Figure 1 the key numbered 2 of the transmitter A¹ is designed as the
spacer (it being supposed that it is the same shown shaded black in the drawings
of the separate pending application) for said transmitter.
1
The key (2) is connected with the spacing magnet 111 by one of the wires a¹ the
magnet being similar in construction to magnets all except it is not provided.
with the link rod connection or with a type lever; but on the other hand is electrically
connected by wire o' with the circuit of the spacing mechanism as well as with
the battery 1 or D11,
The supporting plate Fadjustably secured in the slot d' of ring E by screw f11 11
however is different in construction to the supports F F inasmuch as it has only one
lug for supporting the pivoted armature d which in turn is provided with an
extension of arm 111 carrying a retracting spring N secured at its lower end to such
armature. This lug p is also properly electrically connected with the circuit of the
spacing mechanism by wire o.
O designates the improved circular plug switch which is provided with a series of
metallic contact segments all 11 all 11 secured on the top of a ring of hard rubber or
other insulation P by screws q" which serve also as binding posts for the wires all 1
connecting said segments with the wires a¹ near the respective transmitter.
11
O indicates a circular plate having central perforation 111. of larger diameter
than the end of the stem of the plug P¹ and is provided with the centrally
perforated plate R insulated therefrom and secured by screws upon the top
thereof and surrounded by but not in contact with the ring P as shown clearly
in Figure 7 the perforation 711 of the plate R being of the same diameter
as the stem of the plug P1 and coincident with the perforation 1. The plug Pi
is of the form shown and made of conducting metal having the handle 1. This
plug consists of a top circular portion having inclined sides of greater diameter
at its top surface than at the bottom so as to fit and rest in contact with the
segments all all when inserted; and the central spindle or stems is designed to
fit in the perforation 711 and in contact with the plate R which is electrically connected
with the constant battery D or D₁111 as herein before explained.
Qis the paper roll under which longitudinally extends the ribbon M. This roll is
suitably mounted upon a travelling carriage which is operated automatically forward
and backward by means of the spacing mechanism and automatic reversing movement
shown in Figures 8, 9, 9 a 10 11 12, 13 and 14. The paper roll is also actuated
automatically to make the necessary line space by the same mechanism just
referred to.
The operation of this invention in conjunction with the transmitting instruments
shown herewith is as follows:-
The instruments being in the position shown in Figure 1 with the button switches D¹ D"

page_text: properly pointed the plugs P' of the respective plug switches 00 of instruments A¹A"
removed and the receivers B1 B respectively in circuit with instruments A' All and
the operator at the transmitter A¹ desires to convey a message (say for example
the words Dynamograph machine) over the line through instrument A" into
receiver B; he successively depresses the keys of the instrument A¹ which carry the
letters composing this stipulated message.
Now in order to clearly follow the operation we will suppose that the first key
corresponding to the letter "D" that is depressed is identical with the key numbered
in Figure 1; consequently the depression of said key stops the trailing arm of tho
instrument A and will cause thereby the current to be discharged from the
battery 11 simultaneously up through wire into and around ring C the binding
post c opposite to the respective magnet a" which corresponds to the key numbered i
along wire into said magnet, energizing the same and causing the armature d (see
Figure 2) to be attracted by both poles ff1111 which action thereby, depresses the
forward end of said armature and forces its respective pivoted type lever I (which is
connected thereto as before described) up against the ribbon M (as shown in Figure 2)
making the impression of the type lever corresponding to the key D upon the paper
carried and fed by the paper roll Q the flexible link connection allowing the
lever a greater curvilinear reciprocation than if the connection were rigid.
Now when the magnet is de-energized by the break of the circuit (which is
caused by the release of the key depressed) the current will pass to ground and the
type lever will be allowed to fall; the weight of the ball j¹ being sufficient to retract
the respective armature d to its normal position.
When the lever I reaches the limit of its descent this ball j¹ will strike the spring
finger effecting a contact of the inwardly projecting stud of said finger with the
ring K thereby closing the secondary or local circuit which will when closed operate.
the letter spacing mechanism herein described at the determinate time and instant
after the imprint of the lever is made by the said type lever; then the retractability
of the respective spring finger 61 being sufficient to overcome the force of the fall
of the lever I and the weight of the ball it will return to its normal position thereby
breaking said secondary circuit.
Referring to Figures 8 and 10 the circuit closer 9 is designed to represent the
equivalent of the construction shown in Figure 2 the plate K being electrically con-
nected with battery 4 by wire n¹ and the spring plates f" with the binding posts
which in turn are electrically connected with the electro-magnets 5, 6 and 7 as shown
in said figures 8 and 10.
Now the secondary circuit being closed from the battery 4 by the descent of a type
lever or equivalently the depression of the plate 11 the current simultaneously effects
the energization of the magnets 5, 6 and 7 and causes thereby the attraction of their
respective armatures 10 and 11 which are secured opposite to said corresponding
magnets upon the pivoted vertical plate 12. The attraction of the armatures 10
and 11 causes the pivoted spring retracting pawl 13 which is pivotally secured to the
upper end of the plate 12 to carry forward the rack bar 14 of the travelling carriage
the distance intervening between any two adjacent teeth 15 as shown in Figure 14.
The pawl will then be retracted from engagement with its respective tooth of the rack
bar by the agency of the spring 16; the shoulder 17 limiting its movement and
preventing it from being retracted too far.
Simultaneously with the disengagement of the pawl 13 from any one of the
teeth 15, 15 the spring safety pawl 18 which is pivoted to the horizontal arm 19 wil!
engage and hold in one of said teeth thereby preventing the pawl 13 from advancing
the rack bar more than one letter space.
The magnets 5, 6 and 7 are de energized by the agency of any finger f which
breaks the circuit by virtue of its retractibility overcoming the weight of the ball on
the end of the respective type lever.
The circuit is completed back to local battery 4 by the electrical connections.
When as before stated the circuit is closed by the descent of any type-lever or

page_text: equivalently the depression of the plate f" the path of the circuit will be as
follows:-
From the battery 4 through the wires 46, 47, 48, 49, 50 plates k and fil wires 51, n11
and 52 magnet 5 thence through wire 53 to magnets 6 and 7 and back through
wires 54, 55 and 56 to the battery 4 as shown by the arrows lu la.
When the travelling carriage arrives at the terminus of a line (as described sub-
sequently in the operation) the spring plate 21 makos contact with the point of the
adjustable screw 24 and is thereby impinged against the spring plate 25 thus closing
the circuit at that point, in this instance since the battery 4 is not being used for the
lotter spacing mechanism, the path of the current will then be as indicated by the
arrows 2 a through wires, 46, 57, 58, 59 springs 21 and 25 wires 22 and 60 magnets 23
and back through wire 61 bracket 62 frame 63 V-shaped point 64 the guide rest 38
the standard 65 wire 66, 67 and 56 to the battery 4.
Simultaneously with the energization of this particular magnet all and the imprint
of a type lever corresponding to the letter "D" as hereinbefore explained, the
trailing arm of instrument A will be stopped in its revolution thereby indicating
the corresponding key to that depressed at the other end of the line and the magnet a₁
of the receiver B corresponding to keys of both instruments A¹ and All will also be
simultaneously energized thereby effecting the imprint of the particular type lever
corresponding to the type letter "D" upon the paper roll and the operation of the
letter spacing mechanism in the same manner as before described at the other end of
the line the current having instantaneously passed from the magnet all of the
receiver B to ground at the other end of the line through the particular wire a¹ con-
necting said magnet with the transmitter A¹ the auxiliary parts of key number 1 of
the transmitter, the transmitter A¹ the line B the corresponding key of instrument A
the instrument A" the respective wire a¹ which connects the corresponding key of the
instrument A with the respective magnet a" of the receiver B₁ the wire gand the
battery D1111
j
Thus the operation is repeated until the end of the word Dynamograph is reached.
The operator now being desirous of making a space between the word completed
(Dynamograph) and the next to be written (machine) he depresses a spacing key
(numbered 2) of the transmitter A¹ in Figure 1 thereby causing the current to pass
up from the battery D₁ simultaneously along wire g into and around the ring C
through wire into magnet (shown in Figures 1 and 2) energizing the said
magnet and causing the attraction of the armature d which closes the secondary
circuit through the wires o o¹ and operates the spacing mechanism as before described
without effecting an impression of a type lever upon the paper.
Thus it will be readily understood that the operator transmits the desired message
over the line and at the same time records the said message through the agency of
receivers B B at the respective extremities of said line.
When the travelling carriage 20 reaches the end of the line, the spring plate 21
which is electrically connected through wire 22 with the magnet 23 it will impinge
against the end of the adjustable screw 24 shown in Figure 8 which action will cause
the contact of said spring plate with the plate 25 which is in circuit with the battery 4
(see Figures 8, 9, and 9 a); thereby closing the circuit and causing the energization
of the magnet 23 and consequently the attraction of its armature 26 and the depression
of the standard 27 which carries the pawls 28 and 29.
Such action will cause the spring pawl 29 to rotate the ratchet wheel 30 the distance
or line space between any two adjacent teeth thereof and at the same time the pawl 28
will engage in one of the teeth of the ratchet wheel 31 and prevent the pawl 29 from
rotating the paper roll 32 more than one line space both ratchet wheels 30 and 31
being rigidly keyed on the short shaft 33. After the line space has been effected in
the manner just described the roller 34 will ride up on the bevelled surface of the
adjustable plate 35 thereby placing the travelling carriage upon an inclined plane and
at the same time the roller 34 advances upon the plate 35 the roller 36 (see Figure 12)
will be coincident with the are shaped recess 37 of the guide rest 38; and the spring 39

page_text: will force said roller into recess 37 thus lifting the rack bar of the travelling carriage
out of engagement with and above the pawls 13 and 18.
Now the carriage being upon an inclined plane and the roller 36 within the
recess 37 the weight 40 will overcome the weight of the travelling carriage and return
it (the carriage) to the beginning of the next line to be printed; the roller 36 running
on top of the guide rest 38 during the recoil of the carriage. When the said roller 36
reaches the point or projection 41 of plate 42 it will be guided along the inclined
edge or side of said projection and will be thereby automatically returned to a
position ready for the next line to be printed. Thus it will be obvious that by the
change of the roller from the surface of the guide rest to the side thereof the
pawls 13 and 18 will again come into engagement with the rack bar and furthermore it
will be apparent that the weight 40 must be of just a sufficient size to overcome the
weight of the travelling carriage and give it the desired momentum to recoil without
jar or injury.
Again it will be also understood that the battery 4 can be utilized for both the line
and letter spacing mechanisms since they are not both in operation at the same time.
Should it now be necessary to transmit from the instrument A" to A¹ the adjust-
ment of the parts of the transmitters and the points of the button switches is simply
reversed.
When desirable to cut either or both of the receivers out of circuit with their
respective transmitters, the operator inserts the plugs P₁ in the plug switches 0 0
making contact with the segments all 11 all 11 and plate R thereby opening a-shorter
path for the current from the battery D or Di¹ than through the receiver B₁
or Bl
1
Thus when a key of the transmitter A¹ is depressed the current instead of passing
through the receiver B₁ is discharged up through the wire g¹ the switch O plug Pi
wire a¹ into the transmitter A¹ then over the line B into the transmitting instru-
ment A and then if the plug P1 of its respective switch is inserted the current
will pass therethrough down to battery D 1 or to ground without actuating the
receiver B
Each fall of a type lever will advance the endless ribbon M intermittently thereby
giving a fresh inking surface for each and every stroke of said type levers inasmuch
as a part of said ribbon is continually guided through the ink contained in the
reservoir L by the roller m¹.
The object of the roller m and its tension spring is to prevent the ribbon from
becoming over saturated with the ink after it leaves the reservoir so as to obviate
undesirable dripping.
All of the levers I I are exactly of the same length and are so arranged in the
circular slot i of the ring G that they will when forced against the ribbon M strike at
a central point as shown in Figure 2.
Having thus fully described the construction and operation of this invention I will
now proceed to explain the combination and arrangement of the parts of same when
used as an electro-mechanical type writer.
In Figure 3 is shown the arrangement of the mechanical key board S which consists
of a series of parallel levers t t pivoted at their forward ends to a shaft t' which is
journalled at each end in a bearing lug t".
UU are the finger keys carrying the letters etcetera and are attached to the radiating
curved outward ends of said levers as shown.
V designates a flexible link connection similar in construction to the connection
between the armatures d d and the type levers II and is attached at its upper end to
the under side of the forward extremity of each armature d and at its lower end is
connected to its respective lever t; the base C" being provided with a series of per-
forations w w arranged in a perpendicular line with each end of the armatures and
adapted to allow the connections V to pass therethrough.
The armatures d d correspond in number and identity with their respective
keys U U located as before stated on the outer ends of the levers t t.
The object of arranging the key board S in the manner shown is for the sake of
B

page_text: convenience to the operator affording a systematic arrangement of the keys in two arc
shaped rows whereby they are rendered more conspicuous and at the same time are
within easy reach and manipulation.
In accordance with such arrangement it will be obvious that the levers t t must be
of different lengths, the shorter ones terminating in keys on the inner row and the
longer on the outer row. W and W designate two are-shaped cushion stops secured
respectively underneath and parallel to the key rows and each provided on their upper
edges with a rubber strip or other elastic material; the stop W being of less height
than the stop W for a reason which will be hereinafter explained.
:
The operation of this invention in conjunction with the mechanical key-board S is
as follows the operator desiring to use the machine locally and mechanically he
depresses successively the respective keys U U carrying the letters &c. composing the
matter to be written.
The depression of the first key will depress the curved outer end of its respective
levert thereby causing the link connection V to pull downwardly upon the forward
end of its armature & which will effect the imprint of the respective type lever I
against the paper roll in a similar manner as when operated electrically as before
explained. Thus the operation is repeated indefinitely.
We will suppose for example that the first key depressed. of the mechanical key
board is situated in the inner arc row and consequently is attached to one of the
shorter levers; then it will be apparent that such lever being shorter would have to
be depressed a greater distance than if it terminated in the outer row; therefore it
will again be obvious that the distance from the stop W is greater to the short levers
than from W to the outer key row and furthermore that the inner key row will be on
a higher plane than the outer key row as shown in section in Figure 4.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what manner the
- same is to be performed I declare, that what I claim is :-
1. An electro-mechanical receiver comprising a series of fulcrummed type levers
carrying respectively the desired types or symbols; electro magnets for actuating
said levers; a local circuit including spacing mechanism; and a suitable circuit
changer in said circuit operated by each of said type levers; all arranged to operate
as specified.
2. In a receiver for printing telegraphs for automatically receiving and printing
messages the combination of a suitable transmitter having circuit closing keys
electrically connected with a corresponding electro magnet of the receiver provided
with a pivoted armature located in proximity to the poles thereof and connected by
flexible link rods to each and every type lever, a series of fulcrummed type levers
radially and adjustably arranged as shown around a central point, and the means such
as described which automatically operate a local electrical circuit by the descent of
any of said type levers after the imprint of a desired letter is made upon a travelling
paper roll as set forth.
3. In a receiver for printing telegraphs in connection with a suitable transmitter
provided with a series of circuit closing keys electrically connected respectively with
each corresponding electro-magnet of the receiver the combination of a series of
electro magnets having each a pivoted armature flexibly connected with upper end of
a type lever by link rods, a series of fulcrummed type-levers radially and adjustably
arranged around a central point and adapted to be forced up against the paper roll by
the attraction of its respective armature the means for automatically operating a local
circuit by the descent of said type-levers after their imprint or registration is effected
and the electro mechanical means such as described for operating a local circuit
without effecting an impression of a type lever upon the travelling paper roll as
* described...
4. The combination of a series of adjustably fulcrummed type levers flexibly
connected at their upper ends by link rods with a correspondingly pivoted armature;

page_text: and electro magnet operating said armature whereby said type levers are forced
upwardly by the closing of an electrical circuit, a local circuit; and a circuit changer
included in said circuit and operated by. the type levers as shown and described.
5. The combination of the electro mechanical means for effecting the imprint of
symbols comprising a series of fulcrummed type levers; electro-magnets for severally
operating said levers; a local electrical circuit and circuit changer therein operated
by any of said type levers with means as shown for gradually advancing and inking
an endless ribbon by which the type levers record their imprint upon the paper;
and a travelling paper roll for automatically feeding said paper substantially as
described.
6. The combination of a series of fulcrummed type levers radially supported around
a central point with electro mechanical means for actuating said type levers; and an
automatic device for operating a local electrical circuit by the descent of any one of
said type levers as specified.
7. The combination of a suitable transmitter for printing telegraphs having a series
of circuit closing keys electrically connected with a series of corresponding electro
magnets circularly arranged in a receiver with said magnets each having a pivoted
armature adapted to be attracted by both poles of its respective magnet and the con-
ducting circuit ring electrically connected with a suitable battery and with each
'magnet, substantially as described.
8. The combination of a suitable transmitter for printing telegraphs having a series
of circuit closing keys each electrically connected with a respective electro magnet in
a receiver with the receiver such as described for automatically printing each letter
indicated by the depression of key of transmitter upon a travelling paper roll by the
upward stroke of one of a series of fulcrummed type levers actuated by the closing of
a circuit by said key of transmitter and at a determinate instant thereafter operating a
local electrical circuit by the descent of the same type lever which made the imprint
upon said paper roll.
9. In a combined transmitter and receiver for an electrical type writer a transmitting
instrument having a series of circuit closing keys each electrically connected to one of
a series of corresponding electro magnets in a receiver; the receiver comprising a
series of fulcrumined type levers; electro magnets provided with armatures for
actuating said type levers in combination with a local electrical circuit including a
circuit changer spacing mechanism in said circuit; and means such as shown and
described for cutting the receiver out of circuit with its respective transmitter as shown
and described.
10. The combination of the receiver for an electrical type writer with the shunt
plug switch having a removable plug for making a dual electrical contact both with
the series of switch segments and the perforated circular battery plate cutting said
receiver in or out of circuit with its respective transmitter and for shunting the
transmitter in the circuit; the electrical connections and the circuit as set forth.
11. In an electrical type writer the combination of a series of electro-magnets each
having a lower extended pole piece and circularly arranged as shown; a series of
armatures corresponding in number and relative situation with the said magnets and
acted upon severally by both poles of their respective magnet; a series of type levers
actuated by said armatures; a circuit ring electrically connected with each magnet;
the circuit; the electrical connections; and the transmitter as specified.
12. The combination of a series of electro-magnets each having a lower extended
pole piece; the circuit ring electrically connected respectively with the electro
imagnets the electrical connections; the transmitter; the pivoted armatures acted
upon by both pole pieces of each magnet and the adjustable supports for said
armatures as set forth.
13. The combination of the transmitter having each key thereof electrically
connected to its corresponding magnet; the electro magnets arranged as shown, its

page_text: circuit; the parallel ring having a binding post for each magnet; the pivoted
armatures the adjustable supports therefor and the slotted ring carrying said supports
substantially as described.
14. The combination of the series of circularly arranged electro magnets connected
electrically with their respective keys of the transmitter and each having a lower
extended pole piece; the pivoted armatures; the adjustable supports; the fulcrummed
type levers and the connections between each armature and type lever substantially as
described.
15. The combination of the electro magnets arranged as shown and having their
lower poles converted and brought up in proximity to lower arm of pivoted armatures;
the pivoted elbow shaped armatures; the adjustable supports and slotted ring therefor;
the link rods and links connecting the forward end of each armature with upper end
of its respective type lever; the fulcrummed type levers and their supporting ring
provided with transverse central slot as described.
16. The combination of the ring carrying the adjustable type lever supports and
having a central transverse slot; the adjustable type lever supports; and the type
levers whereby the said levers may be adjusted at any desired intervals apart and in
an inclined position as shown.
11
17. The combination of levers II with ring K strip fingers I" and the electrical
wires connecting respectively ring K the strip with secondary circuit.
18. The means such as shown for cutting the receiver out of circuit with its
respective transmitter which consists of a plug switch having a series of segments
corresponding in number to the keys of a transmitter, which each are electrically
connected to their respective keys of the transmitter; a metal plate in circuit with a
battery of a receiver and a removable conducting plug of suitable shape to simul-
taneously make contact with segments and battery plate when inserted substantially
as described.
19. The combination of the transmitter and the receiver with the plug switch,
consisting of a series of segments corresponding in number to keys of transmitter and
connected by wires all and a¹ to said keys; the insulating ring P plug Pand
plates R and O¹ and the battery of the receiver electrically in circuit with plate R as
described.
20. The combination of the curved parallel levers tt keys U U arranged as shown;
the cushion stops W and W1; shaft t¹, bearings t connections V, V; armatures d, d;
and the base C having perforations w w as described.
21. An electro mechanical type-writer comprising a series of fulcrummed type
lovers carrying respectively the desired types or symbols; electro-magnets for
actuating said levers; circuit closing mechanism for directing the circuit through a
particular magnet; the main current; a local circuit including spacing mechanism;
and a suitable circuit changer in said local circuit operated separately by each of said
type levers all arranged to operate as specified.
;
22. In an electrical type writer a series of fulcrummed type levers; a travelling
carriage, a local circuit; an electro magnetic motor in said circuit for advancing the
carriage step by step; and a circuit changer also included in the local circuit operated
by the type levers substantially as described.
23. In an electrical type writer circuit closing mechanism for directing the current
severally through a series of magnets; a magnet provided with a circuit changing
armature; a circuit operated by said armature; electro magnetic spacing mechanism
in said circuit and a travelling carriage; all arranged to operate as set forth.
24. In an electrical type writer circuit closing mechanism for directing the current
severally through a series of magnets; a magnet provided with a circuit changing
armature; a circuit operated by said armature; electro magnetic spacing mechanism;
a travelling carriage and mechanical devices for automatically reversing said carriage
when it reaches the limit of its forward travel; all arranged to operate as set forth.

page_text: 25. In an electrical type writer a series of fulcrummed type levers electro
mechanical means for actuating said type levers; a travelling carriage; a local circuit;
an electro magnetic motor in said circuit for advancing the carriage step by step; a
circuit changer also included in the local circuit operated by the type levers; and
mechanical devices for automatically reversing said carriage when it reaches the limit
of its forward travel; all arranged to operate as set forth.
26. In an electrical type writer circuit closing mechanism for directing the current
severally through a series of magnets; a series of fulcrummed type levers; electro
mechanical means for actuating said type levers; a travelling carriage; a local circuit
an electro magnetic motor in said circuit for advancing the carriage step by step; a
circuit changer also included in the local circuit operated by the type levers;
mechanical devices for automatically reversing said carriage when it reaches the limit
of its forward travel; and electro mechanical devices for rotating the paper roll one
line space before the travelling carriage recoils all arranged to operate as specified.
Dated this 2nd day of August. 1887
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents.