Gases by Liquids or Solas.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Aug., 1886.
Complete Left, 19th Apr., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 29th July, 1887.
[Communicated from abroad by GEORGE LUNGE, of Zurich, Switzerland, Doctor of
Philosophy, and LUDWIG ROHRMANN, of Krauschwitz, Silesia, in the Empire
of Germany, Manufacturer.]
Gases by Liquids or Solas.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co., Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 35, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:―
The improvements which form the subject of the present invention relate to
apparatus for bringing gases into intimate contact with liquid or solid substances,
whereby the action of the gases upon such liquids or solids is made to take place as
perfectly as possible, which is required in many operations of industrial chemistry.
They relate more especially to apparatus for which I have applied for Her Majesty's
Royal Letters Patent on September 1st A.D. 1885 and numbered 10355 for
"Improvements in apparatus for effecting the absorption of gases by liquids or
solids" being a communication to me from abroad by George Lunge, of Zurich,
Switzerland, and Ludwig Rohrmann, of Krauschwitz, Silesia, in the Empire of
Germany.
The present improvements consist first in the method of arranging the perforated
superposed plates through which liquid drops.
For this purpose each of the separate parts, consisting of a perforated plate, and a
surrounding water trough, into which a flange from the plate above dips, which parts
are superposed above each other to form the apparatus, is made in two pieces, that is
to say the annular trough having a downward projecting flange dipping into the
trough below, and a loose perforated plate .fitting and resting upon a narrow flange
round the bottom of the trough.
Each trough is provided also with a small flange projecting downward, below the
last mentioned flange upon which the perforated plate rests. This downward flange
prevents any liquid which may adhere to the bottom of the perforated plates from
finding its way into the trough below, the level of the liquid in which will therefore

page_text: be kept constant, instead of the troughs being filled by degrees with the liquid so
finding its way in. A sufficient number of the parts described are superposed, a
cover with the necessary pipes and appliances being fitted into the upper trough.
square
is a
The present improvements consist, secondly, of novel methods of making the
perforated plates. For this purpose the upper surface of each plate is divided into
squares by small ledges formed upon it, and in the centre of each such
small circular or oval perforation through the plate, the upper side of the perforation
also having a small ledge round it of less height than those which form the squares.
In this way, the liquid dropping into the square is retained in the basin which the
latter forms, until it overflows the ledge round the hole down which it then falls, and
the liquid is thus forced to flow from each plate to the next lower one in a perfectly
regular and uniform manner.
In order that the liquid may not adhere to the lower side of the plates, and run
together so as to form large drops, grooves are formed on the lower surface of the
plate between the rows of holes, in both directions so that the grooves or channels
cross each other, and the part round each hole between the grooves forms a downward
projecting cone, at the lower end of which the liquid flowing down through the hole
accumulates, forming drops which finally fall to the next plate below. Or the
grooves or channels may be made so that the holes are at their intersections in the
thinnest part of the plate instead of at the thickest part between them as just
described. In both cases the holes in each plate are arranged so as not to coincide
with those in the plate below.
The squares or basins formed by the ledges first described may be of any desired
size, and instead of one, two or more perforations may be made in each.
By means of the improved method of construction and arrangement described the
contact with and action of gases upon liquids or solids take place in the most
effective and perfect mannner.
In smaller or portable apparatus, the hydraulic seal or trough below the lowest
plate may be formed round the upper edge of the lower receiving vessel, a flange at
the lower edge of a vertical cylinder dipping into it. This cylinder is of sufficient
height to receive all the plates and round its upper edge is formed an annular trough
to receive the cover of the apparatus. The lower end of the cylinder has a flange
projecting inward upon which the lowest plate rests, the inner edge of the flange
being turned down so that the liquid may drop off it. Above the plate is placed a
loose ring fitting in the cylinder, upon which ring the next plate is carried, and so on
until the cylinder is filled.
DL: 8th dow of Anonat 1886

page_text: A communication to me from abroad by GEORGE LUNGE, of Zurich, Switzerland,
Doctor of Philosophy and Professor of Chemistry, and LUDWIG ROHRMANN, of
Krauschwitz, Silesia, in the Empire of Germany, Manufacturer.
I, EDMUND EDWARDS, of the firm of Edwards and Co., Patent Agents and
Engineers, of 35, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying drawing (that is to say):
:-
The improvements which form the subject of the present invention relate to
apparatus for bringing gases into intimate contact with liquid or solid substances,
whereby the action of the gases upon such liquids or solids is made to take place as
perfectly as possible, which is required in many operations of industrial chemistry.
They relate more especially to apparatus for which I have applied for Her Majesty's
Royal Letters Patent dated September 1st A.D. 1885 and numbered 10355 for
"Improvements in apparatus for effecting the absorption of gases by liquids or solids
(being a communication to me from abroad by George Lunge, of Zurich, Switzerland,
and Ludwig Rohrmann, of Krauschwitz, Silesia in the Empire of Germany).
The accompanying drawings are in illustration of the invention.
"
The present improvements consist first in the particular method of arrangement of
a number of superposed plates B' B2 &c. the apparatus being in two parts that is to
say the syphon or traplike trough P (figure 6, sheet II) which receives loose the
perforated discs or plates B1, B2, B³.
An improvement in the said troughs P consists in the application of a downward
projecting socket H₁K' which prevents drops of liquid from entering into the trap P,
any such drops flowing along the under side of the plates B to their outer end and
then falling down from the socket K¹. The level of the water in these troughs will
remain therefore constantly the same.
Hitherto such drops formed and arriving at the outer end of the plates B by their
cobesion to the flat under side, filled by degrees the troughs with the absorption
liquid.
No liquid will become lost in this way by this new method of construction.
Another improvement relates to the construction of the perforated plates B.
Sheet I, figure 1, represents a partial upper view of such a plate B.
Figure 2 is a vertical section of Figure 1.
Figure 3 a view from beneath.
JP of Fianca 2

page_text: Figure 5 is a second modification of figure 2.
Sheet il, figure 6 represents a vertical section of a so-called absorption turret
formed by the vessel A at the base of the apparatus with its hollow ring or trough in
which the downward projecting socket of the superposed vessels P forms a trap or
hydraulic lute. The upper end of this turret is closed by the helmet or cover fand
the cap R with its inside sieve S. J are the troughs into which the superposed
vessels dip. Instead of dividing (as in the former Patent already alluded to) the
surface of the plates B into sections the upper face of such plates is divided into
squares by small lintels or ribs F (figure 1) of a convenient' height, of the same
material as the plates. The inside of each square has in its centre a small round or
oval perforation G (figure 1) which is provided on its margin with a small rim H, not
quite so high as the aforesaid ribs F.
In this way the liquid will be forced to remain in the basin so formed, until it
overflows, by passing over the rims H and through the holes.
The three aforesaid systems of plates B may be employed either together, or one of
these systems alone.
The liquid is forced to flow off from each plate to the one below in a perfectly
regular and uniform manner.
In order that the liquid may not cohere to the under surface of each plate and run
together into large drops, the lower face of these plates is formed in the following
manner.
Grooves are formed (see Figure 3. sheet I) corresponding with the position of the
ranges of holes, in both directions, that is to say, these channels or grooves cross each
other. By this means the remaining part of the material forms in the entire thickness
of the plates, downward cone shaped projections on the ends of which the liquid
overflowing through the holes G accumulates, forming drops, which finally fall down
to the plate below.
In the modification represented by figure 4, Sheet I, the holes G are placed in the
cones described, formed by the channels or grooves, by means of which construction
the liquid will be forced to fall drop by drop down to the following or next lower
plate the holes of which are arranged in such a way that they do not correspond
with those of the next lower one and so on.
The squares already described obtained and formed by the ribs F, (figure 1) may
be made of any desired sizes, or there may be made two, four, six, or other number of
holes in each such square.
By means of this arrangement the contact and action of gases upon liquids or
solids takes place in the most effective and perfect manner.
In figure 7, Sheet III, is shewn a modification of an entire element or small
turret.
The vessel A remains the same as already described and also the method of forming
the trap or hydraulic lute, the socket K¹ consists in this arrangement of an enlarged
shoulder X and a nose Z, receiving the first plate, upon this plate is placed a ring M
upon which rests the second perforated plate and so on, until the top of the cylinder
viz. the helmet R. S. (figure 6) is reached. L is a trough to receive the cover.
The supply of liquid to the turrets may be effected by a helmet especially constructed
with a perforated plate or rose.
The perforations in this rose are about half a millimetre in diameter and are
divergently directed, so that the whole surface of the uppermost plate is evenly and
symmetrically supplied, and consequently all the following plates are also similarly
symmetrically supplied, this being a condition of great importance for the effective
working of the turret.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. At the syphon the arrangement of the inner downward projecting sockets K¹ to
prevent the descending liquid from entering into the syphon, substantially as
described and shown.

page_text: 2. The division of the plates B', described in the former Patent already referred to
into two portions, that is to say into the annular syphons J, and the perforated
plates B', B, B', as before described.
3. The separation of every perforation on the upper surface by small ledges or ribs,
forming a basin around the hole and at the lower surface the arrangement of small
channels around every hole, substantially as described and shewn.
4. The arrangement of the rims H on the plates surrounding the upper surface of
the plates, to produce a constant level of the liquid contained in the small basins, all
substantially as herein described and shewn.
5. In the helmet R the arrangement of a rose S fitted with divergent perforations
in order to effect a symmetrical feeding of liquid upon the upper plate, and con-
sequently the symmetrical feeding of all the following plates, all substantially as
described and shewn.
EDWARDS & Co.,
Agents for the Patentee.