A MACHINE OR MACHINES FOR PLOUGHING, LAYING ON COLOURS CALLED GROUNDS, FLOCKING AND PRESSING SO AS TO PRODUCE AN EVEN FACE UPON PAPER, SILK, LINEN, WOOLLEN, LEATHER, COTTON, AND VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1814

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, TIMOTHY
HARRIS, of Foley Place, Portland Chapel, in the County of Middlesex,
Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Eighth day of February, in the
fifty-fourth year of His reign, give and grant unto me, the said Timothy
Harris, my exors, adññors, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole
privilege and authority, that I, the said Timothy Harris, my exors, admors,
and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the term of years therein men-
tioned, make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "A MACHINE OR MACHINES FOR
PLOUGHING, LAYING ON COLOURS CALLED GROUNDS, FLOCKING AND PRESSING SO AS TO
PRODUCE AN EVEN FACE UPON PAPER, SILK, LINEN, WOOLLEN, LEATHER, COTTON,
AND VARIOUS OTHER ARTICLES;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained
a proviso that if I, the said Timothy Harris, shall not particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, and
cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and
advantages whatsoever thereby granted, shall utterly cease, determine, and

page_text: become void, as in and by the same, relation being thereunto had, may more
fully and at large appear..
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Timothy Harris, do hereby declare that my said Invention is described in the
Drawing hereunto annexed and the explanation thereof following:
DRAWING No. 1, PLOUGHING MACHINE.
Fig. 1, a plan; Fig. 2 and 5 are side elevations; Fig. 3 and 4 are end
elevations or views, to all-of-which-views or representations-the-same letters of
reference apply, and the same method is used in each following Drawing.
(A) a table on. which the paper is laid for the purpose. of being cut, and is set
to its proper distance from the cutting knife by a lath or bar of wood, such as
(6, 6), which is screwed down to the table with iron screws, and during the
operation of cutting the paper, &c., is closely pressed on the edge nearest the
knife by the wooden plate or block (a) and the lever (c) to which is attached
the weight (g). B, a stage or platform upon which the assistant or workman
stands to turn the wheel (D) by means of the handle (e) which brings the
knife, (d) forward through the edge of the paper, &c., and thereby performs the
operation of what is termed ploughing:
DRAWING No. 2, GROUNDING MACHINE, which is calculated to ground a piece
of twelve or more yards in length.
Fig. 1, a side elevation; Fig. 2nd, a plan; Fig. 3rd, end elevation. (A) the
board of the machine which is raised on proper framing (A) to a convenient
height, and along which the paper, &c., is drawn as fast as the ground or
colour is laid upon it and properly distributed by means of brushes, &c. The
colour is deposited in a trough of a semi-cylindrical shape, in which a brush
revolves having eight branches or ramifications radiating from its centre, and
is moved on its axis by the wheel (e), and the handle (m); an end view of part
of this brush may be seen through the arms of the wheel (e) in the elevation,
Fig. 1, and it is situated immediately under the roller in the plan Fig. 2, and
by this aforesaid brush the colour is first brought in contact with the surface
of the paper, &c., as it leaves the roller or wire at (a). The paper, &c., in its
progress receives an additional brushing by the pendant brush (c) and a
vertically revolving brush (d) to which latter brush a motion is given by turning
the handle (o), and which contributes to spread the colour evenly or regularly
on the surface of the paper, &c., and this brush may be raised occasionally from
the paper by the lever or bar (n) by a line attached to the hook (7), in which
position it is represented by the dotted lines in Fig. 3. The teeth' of the wheel

page_text: (e) take into the teeth of the smaller wheel (f), on the axis of which is a roller,
on which runs, a line from the carrier (r), and to which carrier one end of the
paper, &c., is connected; this aforesaid line runs from the carrier over the pulley
(P) at the extremity of the board, and is continued on under the board towards the
roller aforesaid, to which it is connected and on which it is coiled or wound as
fast as the wheel (f) revolves, by which revolution the paper, &c., is drawn
along the board as fast as it is coloured or grounded. (R) is the handle
of a wedge, which may be used occasionally to raise the axis of the wheel. (e).
(9) a stage on which the assistant or workman stands to turn the handle (o).
(h) a box to contain sponge, &c.
DRAWING No. 3, PRINTING MACHINE.
Fig. 1, a plan; Fig. 2, side or front elevation; Fig. 3 and 4, end elevations.
(A, A, A), the lower or ground frame of wood. (B, B, B), upper wood
frame, which on the upper face is provided with a ledge or groove, along which
the printing stock, &c., slides from the tearing cloth to pressing or printing
screws (v, v). The tearing cloth is first compleatly smeared or covered with
colour, then the block on which the intended figures are cut (having been
previously screwed to a board which is made accurately to fit the sliding
frame (r, 1, 1, 1), is let fall into this frame, and rests on the springs (s, s), then
the block (D) is brought to press upon it with the lever (d) until the printing
block below is brought in contact with every part of the tearing cloth, so as to
receive the colour from it; it is then released from this pressure by permitting
the lever to rise, which it does by means of a weight attached to the line (y);
and in order to prevent the rising of the tearing cloth when the block, &c.,
rises (occasioned, perhaps, by the adhesive quality of the colour), a flap is
fastened to the outside of the frame (B, B), which flap acts as a kind of
wedge, it likewise prevents the waste of colour by splashing, &c. These
things being done, the printing block, &c., with the frame (r, r, r, r) is
pushed or shoved forward along the groove till it comes under the pressing
block and screw (E, F), the paper being first put in a proper position to the
points (k, k, k), and confining it by turning the screws (1, 1, 1), the printing
block being, as aforesaid, brought under the screw block, &c., (E, F), and is
kept in that situation by the lever (e), being brought down upon the frame
(B, B, &c.), forming a sort of wedge between the printing block, &c., and the
small post or wooden projection (u). The block (E) is then pressed upon
the printing blocks, &c., by the power of one, two, three, or more threaded
screw moving within the box (F) by means of the handle or lever (f), the
paper, &c., being pressed till it has received a compleat impression of the

page_text: that position by turning up the flaps (e, e), then the beaters applied in order
to shake off the superfluous flock into the drawer (k). (0, 0), two weights at
the back of the machine to draw up the upper frame. (a), Drawing,
No. 5, finishing machine. Fig. 1, a plan; Fig. 2, front elevation; Fig. 3
and 4, end elevations. A, A, a wooden frame; B, a stage for a person to
stand upon, in order to produce an additional pressure on the bearer (C, C),
between which and the sliding box (D, D) are laid the rolls of papers (r, r)
to be pressed by the perpendicular motion of the sliding box (D, D), which is
joined to the rack (E), and which is raised and lowered by turning the
handle (6), on the axis of which is a pinion taking into the teeth of a
wheel (F), on the axis of which wheel is a pinion which takes into or between
the pins in the rack (E) within the box (g); this rack has at its upper end a
projection, which, when it is moved downwards far enough, presses upon the
end of the small brass lever (d), till the other end has moved the brass wheel
one or more teeth, which is regulated entirely by an excentric pin fixed almost
immediately under (d), that is, the lower end of the lever has a tendency (by
means of the weight W) to move towards the brass wheel, and by that move-
ment embraces one or more teeth according to the adjusting of the aforesaid
pin, and which teeth, although engaged, are not moved forwards till the rack
bears upon the other end of the lever, which is done every time it comes down,
and thereby measures the revolutions; for when the said brass wheel has been
moved a sufficient number of times, a pin which is fixed in its side comes in
contact with a small bell which is suspended in front of it, and causes it to
ring. The dotted lines (a, a), Fig. 4, shew the position and figure of the iron
arms connected with the wooden bearer (C, C). (1, 1) is a lever which moves
the aforesaid bearer by being connected to its bottom part by a projecting
piece of iron; this lever has a stage (B) at one end and two iron weights at
the other as a sort of equipoise. G, a fly wheel. Immediately above Fig. 2
is represented a roller composed of eight ribs radiating and connected to two
round or circular ends, this roller has the peculiar property of rolling the paper
more smoothly on its surface, minding to touch the ends of the paper with a'
little stiff paste in order to connect them, and by that means the paper may be
moved with the greatest facility on to the solid rollers without changing its
position, that is, the above rubbed roller may be drawn out of the paper and a
solid one introduced without injuring it.
In witness whereof, I, the said Timothy Harris, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the First day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fourteen.
TIMOTHY HARRIS. (L.s.)

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the First day of April, in the
year of Lord 1814, the aforesaid Timothy Harris came before our said Lord
the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and, every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.....
*Inrolled the First day of April; in, the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and fourteen.