Improvements in Adjustable Spanners..
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 8th "ept., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 8th June, 1894-Accepted, 14th July, 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Adjustable Spanners..
I, PAUL EUGENE BONNOURE, of 77 Rue Manin, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to adjustable spanners used by engineers and others, for
screwing and unscrewing nuts and the like, and it has for its object novel methods
of making such spanners so that they are very strong, simple, quickly and easily
used, and not liable to get out of order.
In order to put the invention in operation, I take a fixed jaw of the usual kind
forming part of a suitable handle upon the back edge of which are formed or
attached a number of small angular teeth. A moveable jaw also slides upon the
part of the handle adjoining the fixed jaw, so that it can be brought toward or
separated from the latter.
This moveable jaw has at its back two projections or ears between which is
fitted and pivotted a pall or catch the point of which fits into the angular teeth
already described, so that the moveable jaw may be adjusted in any desired
position in relation to the fixed one, and is prevented from moving back by the
pall engaging with the teeth.
The pall has an arm projecting from it, the outer end of which is fitted with a
belical or flat spring abutting against the outer side of the moveable jaw, so that
the pall is kept by it properly in gear with the teeth, whilst when it is desired to
alter the position of the moveable jaw, the lever can be pressed down and the
point of the pall withdrawn from the teeth.
Instead of sliding upon the bar which forms the handle of the spanner as just
described, the loose jaw may slide upon a bar provided with ratchet teeth but
projecting at right angles from the main bar of the spanner. The ratchet teeth
instead of being formed at the back of the bar upon which the loose jaw slides
may be formed upon either of its sides or upon its front edge as may be desired,
the position of the pall being made to correspond, and the bar upon which the jaw
slides may be rectangular or of other desired shape in cross section, and the handle
itself may be made of any convenient shape, the part grasped by the hand being of
metal, wood, horn, or other suitable material.
The point of the pall may be made so that it engages with one or more of the
angular teeth.
I do not confine myself to the precise details of the improved spanner which may
be varied more or less as may be found desirable.
Dated this 8th day of September 1893.
EDWARDS & Co.,
35, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Adjustable Spanners.
I, PAUL EUGÈNE BONNOURE, of 77, Rue Manin, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying drawing, that is to say :-
This invention relates to adjustable spanners used by engineers and others, for
D

page_text: screwing and unscrewing nuts and the like, and it has for its object novel methods
of making such spanners so that they are very strong, simple, quickly and easily
used, and not liable to get out of order.
In the accompanying drawing, which is in illustration of my invention,
Figure 1 is an elevation of the improved spanner. In this form the pall or
catch is held in contact with the teeth by a helical spring.
Figure 2 is an end view of the moveable jaw, without the pall or catch.
Figure 3, is an elevation of a spanner in which the moveable jaw works at right
angles to the handle, the opening being at the end. Figure 4 is an end view of
the same.
Figure 5 represents a catch or pall with one tooth only, engaging with ratchet-
shaped teeth.
Figure 6 is a similar view of a catch or pall with three teeth.
Figure 7 is an elevation of a moveable jaw, the ratchet or pall of which is held
by a flat spring, and
Figure 8 illustrates a form of handle which may be fitted upon the spanner.
in order to put the invention in operation, I take a fixed jaw A of the usual
kind forming part of a suitable handle upon the back edge of which are formed or
attached by any suitable means, a number of small angular teeth B. A moveable
jaw C also slides upon the part of the handle adjoining the fixed jaw so that it can
be brought toward or separated from the latter.
This moveable jaw has at its back two projections or ears in which is fixed a
pin E upon which is fitted and pivotted a pall or catch D the point of which fits
into the angular teeth B already described, so that the moveable jaw may be
adjusted in any desired position in relation to the fixed one, and is prevented from
moving back by the pall engaging with the teeth B.
The pall or catch D has an arm projecting from it, the outer end of which is
fitted with a helical spring F (Figures and 3), or a flat spring F (Figure 7),
abutting against the outer side of the moveable jaw C, so that the pall or catch D
is kept by it properly in gear with the teeth B, whilst when it is desired to alter
the position of the moveable jaw C, the lever can be pressed down, and the point
of the pall or catch withdrawn from the teeth.
In the modification illustrated in Figure 3, instead of sliding upon the bar which
forms the handle of the spanner as just described, the loose jaw C may slide upon a
bar A provided with ratchet teeth B, but projecting at right angles from the
main bar of the spanner, which carries or forms the fixed jaw A. The teeth B,
instead of being formed at the back of the bar upon which the loose jaw slides, (as
sbewn in the several figures), may be formed upon either of its sides or upon its
front edge, as may be desired, the position of the pall or catch being made to
correspond, and the bar upon which the jaw slides may be rectangular or of other
desired shape in cross section, and the handle itself (shewn in Figures 1 and 3) of
which the fixed jaw forms part, may be made of any convenient shape, the part
grasped by the hand being of metal, wood, horn, or other suitable material, as
illustrated in Figure 8.
In practice it is found advisable that the pall or catch should engage with the
teeth in such manner that it is nearly perpendicular to the bar, so that the teeth or
notches may have any suitable angular form, and the point of the pall or catch
may be so made that it engages with either one (as shewn in Figures 1, 3, 5, and 7),
or with more of the angular teeth, (as shewn in Figure 6), in which latter case
they may be made of smaller dimensions.
I do not confine myself to the precise details of the improved spanner, which may
be varied more or less as may be found desirable, but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An adjustable spanner, consisting of a fixed and a moveable jaw, the fixed jaw

page_text: forming part of the body of the spanner and handle, and being provided with
notches in which engages a pall or catch pivotted in the moveable jaw, in
combination with a spring by which the pall or catch is always pressed into one or
other of the notches, substantially as described and illustrated.
2. The modified form of spanner illustrated in Figure 3, consisting of a fixed
jaw upon the body of the spanner, and a moveable jaw sliding upon an arm
projecting from the body of the spanner, such projecting arm being provided with
notches, into which fits the point of a pall or catch, pivotted to the moveable jaw,
in combination with a spring by which the pall or catch is always forced into one or
other of the notches, substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated this 7th day of June 1894.
EDWARDS & Co.,
65 & 66, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.