Improvements in Oil Engines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application; 16th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 18th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 30th Mar., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil Engines.
JAMES ROOTS Engineer Holborn Place 261 High Holborn London do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This is an improvement in that class of oil motors in which oil is sprayed into
the working cylinder, without external vaporisation. I have found by experiment.
when oil is sprayed into a working cylinder that the essential thing is ignition, as
the oil has not time to be and is not vaporised, but is fired as oil spray, and that
once the ignition is commenced the flame passes almost as rapidly through the
particles of oil as oil spray, as through a completely vaporised and mixed charge
of oil. The object therefore is to 80 construct as to get the ignition tube in line
with the issuing spray, to ensure ignition. The spray nozzle fed by a pump driven
by the side or valve shaft of the engine is fixed in the side of the cylinder cover.
A casting is bolted on the inside of the cover and over a port or hole in the cover
wall. The casting is flanged and cylindrical and is closed at the inner end by a
dome shaped end. It is of elongated U or basin section, and has screwed across
it at right angles with the axis the ignition tube, so that the inner surface of
the U casting and the outer surface of the tube are open to the outer air. The
ignition tube is placed in direct line with the spray nozzle so that the issuing spray
enters the tube, and this part catching fire, the whole spray is ignited aud
explodes.
The flame of a lamp is directed upon the tube to heat it.
.
Into a boss on one side of the casting is screwed a second tube, which forms a
continuation of the other and which has a small spherical chamber screwed on the
end as described in my Specification 145490 to fire the charge after the engine has
become hot, and which may be used in the same way for oil as for gas.
Dated A neil 16th 1801
JAMES ROOTS.
Improvements in Oil Engines.
JAMES ROOTS Engineer Manor Road Teddington late of Holborn Place
261 High Holborn London do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This is an improvement in that class of oil motors in which oil is sprayed into
the working cylinder without external vaporisation. I have found by experiment
when oil is sprayed into a working cylinder that the essential thing is ignition, as
the oil has not time to be and is not vaporised, but is fired as oil spray, and that
once the ignition is commenced, the flame passes almost as rapidly through the
particles of oil as oil spray, as through a completely vaporised and mixed charge
of oil. The object therefore is to so construct as to get the ignition tube in line
with the issuing spray to ensure immediate ignition. The spray nozzle fed by a
pump driven by the side or valve shaft of the engine in the usual manner is fixed

page_text: on the side of the cylinder cover. A casting is bolted on the inside of the cover
and over a port or hole in the cover wall. The casting is a flanged cylinder closed
at the inner end by a dome shaped end. It is of elongated U or basin section, and
has screwed across it at right angles with its axis the ignition tube, so that the
inner surface of the U casting and the outer surface of the tube are open to the
outer air. The ignition tube is placed in direct line with the spray nozzle so that
the issuing spray enters the tube and this part catching fire the whole spray is
ignited and explodes. The flame of a lamp is directed upon the tube to heat it.
Although other tubes may berused I prefer to employ a porcelain tube and this
together with the egg ended cylindrical or U casting is afterwards kept hot by the
combustion of the successive charges and the tube being thin is kept at a sufficient
temperature to continue the ignition of the charges.
Fig. 1 is a section of a cylinder cover of an oil engine.
Fig. 2 an end view of same. Fig. 3 a section of the dome ended flanged:
cylinder with the ignition tube fitted right across and open at both ends to the
cylinder.
Fig. 4 is a side view of a similar dome ended cylinder.
A is the port in the cylinder cover on the inside of which the cylindrical or U tube
is bolted.
B the cylinder cover!
C the dome ended cylinder or tube which is fixed over the port A.
D is the ignition tube shown in Figs. 1 and 2 fixed. at one end only in the
cylindrical casting and closed at the other. In Fig. 3 it is shown open to the
combustion space at both ends..
E is the spraying oil nozzle of usual construction so arranged that it projects in
a line with the ignition tube D and the oil spray enters it.
F is a rib or flange on the cylinder C for the two fold. purpose of strengthening
it, the whole being preferably made of, thin,metal or of porcelain, and to offer an
increased surface to receive heat from the combustion after starting; the flange F.
may be perforated.
When the tube D is red hot and the engine is running, the lamp flame used to
heat it can be removed and the port A can be closed by a plug to retain the heat
of the tube D and the cylinder C..
It will be obvious that in small. engines the cylindrical or U tube itself can be
used for ignition especially if made in porcelain and the cover be so constructed
that the U tube shall project inwards over the port A into the combustion
space, and 2 the spray nozzle be fixed in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2 to
throw the spray upon it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. In oil engines, constructing a cylinder or tube such as C having an ignition
tube fixed across it substantially as described and shown.
2. The construction and arrangement of cylinder cover, ignition tube, and oil
spray nozzle, so that the oil spray is thrown inside the ignition tube.
3. The combination of tube C, tube D, and oil sprayer E, as described and
shown.
4. In an oil engine the combination of a cylinder and cover, with a cylindrical
closed-end tube C placed over the port A, through which the heating lamp flame
enters and returus, and an oil spraying nozzle E placed in such a position that it
plays upon the cylinder or tube C.
Dated February 16th 1895.
'
JAMES ROOTS.