IMPROVEMENTS IN FAUCETS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Haseltine, of the "International Patent
⚫ Office," Southampton Buildings, London, Doctor of Laws, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN FAUCETS."-A communication from
abroad by Francis Roach, of Boston, Massachusetts, United States
of America.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Haseltine at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 28th July 1874, pursuant to the 9th Section
of the Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
HASELTINE, of the "International Patent Office," Southampton Build-
ings, London, Doctor of Laws, send greeting.
WHEREAS I am in possession of an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
FAUCETS," and have petitioned Her Majesty to grant unto me, my ex-
écutors, administrators, and assigns, Her Royal Letters Patent for the
same, and have made solemn Declaration that it has been commu.

page_text: Haseline & improvements in Laucets.
having a larger delivery pipe than induction pipe has a very slight
tendency to spatter, and cocks to be used with a strong head of water
should be thus constructed.
Figure 3 is an elevation of the cap of the faucet and a section of the
key, and illustrates the variety of construction where a quick scrow is
used for a self-closing cock.
Figure 4 is a like illustration of similar parts when the neck of
the faucet presents upwards cams of quick incline instead of having
a thread cut upon it, and the key has complementary cams presenting
downwards.
Figure 5 is a like illustration of similar parts where the slow screw
is used.
Figure 6 is a like illustration of similar parts when a cam of slow
incline is substitued for the cams of quick incline of Figure 4.
Figuro 7 is an clevation of the valve stem, packing, button above the
spring, and abutment on the stem for the key.
Figure 8 is an illustration partly in section, partly in elevation whero
a double V cam is used, and while in the forms already described the
valve rises by rotating the key one way, and falls on rotating it, or
accompanied by its rotation in the other direction; in this of Figure 8 it
rises whichever way I rotate the key from the position of repose, and
falls on reversing the rotation or accompanied by a reverse rotation.
Similar letters indicate the same parts throughout the Drawing.
A is the body of the faucet with induction and eduction pipes a², a',
and valve seat a crossing the waterway; B is the valve and b
the valve stem. This valve is preferably arranged to ascend from
and descend to the valve scat without rotation, and for this purpose.
a swivel is introduced between the valve and key, made in this
instance by a cap washer and screw '. It is obvious this swivel
may result from the introduction of a pin, pin and washer, cap nut, cap
and pin, or any other enlargement of the valve stem above the key fur-
nishing a lifting abutment for the key; or the swivel may be formed in
the valve stem, or by having the valve confined to the end of the stem
by a swivel nut as is common in steam valves. C is the bonnet or cap
of the faucet; and is the neck of the cap upon which is formed either

page_text: a screw or one or more canis that form a part of the combination for
raising the valve; c³ is a shoulder at the bottom of the neck which
prevents the key from being turned the wrong way; and c is an.
enlarged cavity in the lower part of the cap into which a washer of
greased felt or other suitable packing is placed to form a shifting box for.
the valve stem. The cap O may have a screw on its base, as shown in
Figure 2, to screw into the body of the faucet, or may have a screw
flange, as in Figure 8, to screw over the body of the faucet. D is the
spring of tempered brass or other suitable material which bears against;
valvo B at its lower end and against a button d² at its upper end. This
button has a gland to compress the packing d³ into the cavity c'. The
spring fits loosely around the stem and is centred upon it by the enlarge-
ment d' above the valve and the downward projection of the button №³..
In fitting the spring its upper and lower ends are cut so as to form
bearings against the button and valve at right angles to the axial line of
the spring. E is the key; it has two arms, as shown, and is made with
a cylindrical cavity through which passes tho valve stem. In Figures
2, 3, and 5, this cavity surrounds the neck of the faucet nearly its whole
length. In Figures 4 and 6 only a small portion of it is thus large,
while in Figure 8 the cavity of the key is supposed to be of the size of
the valve stem, and the cams instead of being formed on its interior.
are formed upon its end.
The interior of the cavity of the key E is formed cither as in
Figures 3 and 5 into a nut fitting the screw on the neck c³, or as in
Figures 4 and 6 into inclines complementary to those or counterparts
of those at the top of the neck c². When a screw is used a screw of
two threads or even of more is best, because it distributes bearings and
obviates the tendency of the key to cant and bind as it might if the
bearings were all on one side, as with a pin or groove or on different
levels as with a one thread screw; the same is true in the use of cams.
Figure 3 shows a screw of an inclination steeper than the angle of
repose under the residual pressure of the spring when the valve is off its
seat and the water is running through. Part of the force of the spring.
is necessarily balanced by the water pressure, the rest must be suffi-
ciently great to bring down the valve the key turning along the inclines.
The cams in Figure 4. are also cut so as to be beyond the angle of
repose,

page_text: A faucet constructed, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, with an inclina-
tion of the screw threads without the angle of repose under the pressuro
of the spring will be a self-closing faucet, that is to say, it will shut
when opened on letting go the angles.
In Figure 5 the screw is of an inclination within the angle of repose,
and in Figure 6. the cams are of similar inclination. Faucets of this
construction can with a known head of water be accurately adjusted to.
regulate the flow, for they will stay at any point where set.
The valve seat in Figure 2 is represented as a raised 'seat and the valve
is a cup valve with soft or compressible packing. But it is obvious that
any kind of seat raised flat or depressed, and any kind of valve cither
ground faced or cup packed will answer in these faucets; the Invention
not consisting in the adjustment of the valve to the seat but in its com-
pression upon it by a yielding pressure.
In case the head of water should increase from any cause, as from
freezing or steam pressure, the pipes do not have the same tendency to
burst as where plug faucets or faucets in which the valve is forced to its
seat by a screw follower or by any positive motion are used or like valves
shutting with the pressure of the water; but the spring yields and the
valve becomes a safety valve. The valve and seat are not worn or
crushed by compression as the force driving and holding the valve to
the seat is a pressure which cannot exceed that which existed when the
faucet was new and when the water is on is partly balanced. The valvo
shuts with a constantly decreasing velocity, partly because the pressure
of the water increases as the orifice in the scat closes, and partly because
the force of the spring expands in reaching its limit of throw. This
arrangement obviates entirely or partially the "water hammer."
It is obvious that the cams or screw may be placed in the body just
above the waterway of the faucet and the valve itself or a block above
the valve, be made to work against them, pressed by a spring abutting
against the cap or stuffing box at one side, and against the head of the
block or valve at the other; or a nut may be cut on the inside of the
valve itself, made larger for this purpose, the valve being pressed
to its seat by a spring around the stem kept from rotating by
wings. But these are only inferior mechanical formulas for my Inven-
tion and I have not considered it necessary to illustrate them by

page_text: Drawings, or do more than to allude to them. They would readily wear
out and become unserviceable.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to
me by my foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the
same, I wish it understood that I claim,―
First. A valve forced towards and held to its seat against the pressure
of the water by a spring in combination with the screw or cams and the
key operating with said screw or cams to raise the valve, substantially
as herein described.
Second. The shoulder c³ in combination with the neck c¹and key E, 1
substantially as set forth and for the purpose described.
Third. The button d³, substantially as and for the purpose described.
Fourth. The method of centering and adjusting to vertical pressure
the spring D upon the valve stem 68, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Haseltine, have hereunto
set my hand and scal, this Twenty-eighth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
Witness,
H. J. NOONE,
8, Southampton Buildings,
London.
GEORGE HASELTINE. (L.S.)