Year: 1896

page_text: I, THOMAS ALBERT BRIGGS CARVER, of Heigham Aubrey Road, Hornsey, N.,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improved means of producing the tweel, in jacquards
controlled by electrical means.
My invention is applicable to any form of jacquard in which the needles are
controlled by electro-magnets.
I wind the electro magnets with two similar coils adapted to produce equal
magnetising effects, or I may preferably wind two wires on at once, or I may use a
double wire consisting of two insulated wires bound together and I connect one
coil in the usual way to the metallic pattern-feeler, a source of E.M.F. being
included in the circuit. The second coil on each magnet I connect also to a source
of E.M.F. so that the completion of the second circuit causes the current to flow
in such a direction that the polarity produced in the magnet is the opposite of that
produced by the first coil.
I cause the second series of coils to be energized in suitably grouped sets
whenever I require the tweel action.
The working of this apparatus is as follows:-Consider any given magnet. If
the magnet was energized owing to the existence of a current in the first coil, the
current in the second coil will annul its effect, and the magnet will be inoperative,
whereas if no current was flowing in the first coil the current in the second coil will
energize the magnet.
Thus the condition of every magnet upon which the tweel action operates
is reversed and, the second coils being grouped in suitable sets, a tweel is
effected.
Dated this Twenty-ninth day of June 1896.
THOMAS A. B. CARVER.
I, THOMAS ALBERT BRIGGS CARVER of Heigham, Aubrey Road, Hornsey,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in jacquards of the kind in which the
needles are controlled electrically, the mechanism according to my invention being
arranged for determining the twill as well as the pattern. I shall first describe
the electric mechanism for determining the pattern, but as this mechanisni is
described and claimed in the Specification of a Patent Application No. 14345 of

page_text: 1896 of even date with the present application it is to be understood that I here
make no claim in respect of this mechanism except in so far as it involves the
mechanism and arrangements for determining the twill of the fabric. The
accompanying drawings shew the arrangements for determining both pattern and
twill.
Figure 1 is a side view of one set of the ordinary horizontal and vertical needles,
with parts broken away and parts in section.
Figure 14 is a part sectional plan on X X of Figure 1.
Figure 2 is a side view of the lower part of the conducting wires and the contact
feelers.
Figure 3 is a front view partly in section of the same, and
Figure 2A is a part plan of the clamping laths.
Figure 4 is a section and Figure 5 is a plan of the twill commutator.
Figure 6 is a transverse section and Figure 7 is a part side view of a modified
arrangement of commutator.
A are the vertical needles of the jacquard, B the horizontal needles which loop
round the needles A and are intermittently urged to the left and retracted by the
spring box C. When a needle B is urged to the left, its left end passes through a
hole in one side of an inverted trough shaped bar D, then through the space of
the trough and through the hole in its other side, unless it is stopped by an upright
keeper E being interposed in the space between the two holes at D, in which.case
the spring in the box C yields. The keeper E is a piece of soft iron, having its
upper end guided in the space of D and its lower end resting on a vertically
reciprocating bar F. At the side of the keeper and touching it at both ends so as
to form a closed magnetic circuit is an electromagnet G having a core of soft iron
of rectangular section wound with a coil of insulated wire one end of which is
connected to the metal frame of the loom and the other end of which is carried
down to the contact apparatus hereafter described.
The reciprocating bar F ascends and descends while the spring box C rests. If
after it has ascended raising the keeper E the electromagnet G is excited so as to
attract the keeper, then when F descends the keeper is still kept up by the magnet's
attraction, and as the needle B makes its stroke to the left it stops the needle B
which however by striking against the keeper detaches it from the magnet, and the
magnet being no longer excited, the keeper E as the needle B begins to retreat
to the right drops to its former position in the frame F. If when the frame F
rises, the magnet G is not excited, then when the frame F descends the keeper
also descends, and the needle B can then pass through the second hole at D.
According as the needle B is free to move or is stopped as described the
corresponding vertical needle A is moved to the left or is not moved, so that
its hooked head is moved out of the path or left in the path of the vertically
reciprocating knife Z, the warps governed by the needles A being thus either
raised or not raised in forming the shed of the web. Although I have shewn
a row of 8 needles A in one plane, this number might obviously be varied, and
the numbers of such rows, one behind the other, may also be varied; I have
shewn in the drawings arrangements suited for 50 such rows, making in all
400 needles.
The coil of each of the electro-magnets G has its one end connected in any
convenient way to the fixed metallic frame of the machine which is itself
electrically connected to one terminal say the terminal of a suitable battery o
other source of clectricity. The other ends of the insulated coil wires are firs
led through pairs of clamping laths H, which may be of wood, there being a pai
of these laths for each row of wires from side to side, that is to say 50 wires in
each pair. From these clamping laths all the wires are led down to another se
of clamping laths I piled on one another, bends of the wires as shewn in Figure 2
being pressed between the laths so as to prevent the wires from shifting lengthwise
From the clamping laths I the wires are led side by side almost close together
through a clamp M all terminating in bent ends or feelers J which are bare o

page_text: insulation and bear lightly on a pattern sheet K which is moved step by step
over a metallic pad L connected to the + terminal of the source of electricity
a switch being preferably interposed to break the circuit except when the magnets
have to operate. The pattern sheet K is of thin metal of good conductivity
such as copper which is covered with a non-conducting varnish or other coating
except where the figure of the pattern presents the bare metal. Obviously,
instead of moving the pattern sheet K over a pad L, the sheet may be wound on
a drum or led over a roller to which a step by step movement is given. All the
feelers J that at each step of the pattern sheet happen to be bearing on the bare
metal are thus put in circuit with the source of electricity and the inagnets G to
which they lead are excited, while those feelers J which happen to be bearing on
the non-conducting coating of the pattern sheet are not in circuit and consequently
the electromagnets G to which they are connected are not excited. Thus the for.n
of the pattern on the sheet K determines the raising or not raising of the warps
connected to the vertical needles A and so determines the reproduction of the
pattern on the web.
For determining the twill of the fabric, as well as the pattern, the electro-
maguets G are wound with two coils, wound separately or together but having
their connections to the source of electricity so arranged that currents in both
coils neutralise each other, each magnet being capable of attracting and holding its
keeper only when one of its coils is traversed by a current. From each magnet
therefore two insulated wires are led through the clamps H and I, the wires N of
the second set being turned abruptly aside from the points where they issue
from I are passed through a clamp S and have their ends bent into circular loops
encircling insulated metal bars O¹ O &c. with which they make contact. Assuming
that the twill to be made is a five leaf twill, the number of bars O would be 5 as
shewn. The second wires N are arranged on these bars, in this case, every fifth
wire being led to the same bar O, that is to say the bar O¹ is encircled by the
1st, 6th, 11th &c., wires, the bar 02 by the 2nd, 7th, 12th &c., wires and so on,
throughout the whole range of the secondary wires N. Each bar O¹, O³ &c., is
electrically connected to one of the insulated springs P1 P2 &c., of a commutator,
all these springs being insulated and bearing on insulated stops Q. A roller R
made up of five discs, each, having one projecting tooth fixed side by side on a
spindle Q in such positions that the teeth are equally distributed around the roller,
is caused to revolve step by step by means of a pawl and ratchet so worked that
the roller moves a distance from each tooth to the next in every stroke of the loom,
bringing at every movement a tooth to bear against and slightly raise one of the
springs P P etc. The roller R is connected to one terminal of the source of
electricity, the metallic framing of the jacquard being connected to the other,
so that when contact is made by a tooth of R with one of the springs P, this
puts in circuit with the source of electricity the corresponding bar O, all the
wires N on that bar and all the second coils on the magnets G with which these
wires are connected, so neutralising the effect of the coils first described, if these
coils are in circuit, and exciting those magnets the first coils of which are not in
circuit. The result of this is that at every stroke of the loom every fifth vertical
needle that would be raised by the pattern mechanism if it acted alone, is not raised,
and every fifth vertical needle that is not raised by the pattern mechanism is raised
by the twilling coil, the result being the formation of a twill of the fabric.
Instead of employing the commutator for groups of wires as shewn in Figures 4
and 5, a long commutator for the individual wires N may be employed as shewn in
Figures 6 and 7. In this case a long spindle T of pentagonal section has ou it a
number of metallic discs having projecting teeth like the discs of R. The spindle
has a step by step rotation, each step being one fifth of a revolution so as to bring
the teeth of the discs successively in contact with the wires N, these wires being
guided between thin discs of insulating material interposed between the contact
discs. The spindle T being mounted in insulated bearings and connected to the

page_text: + terminal of the source of electricity, at every fifth of its revolution all the
fifth wires N and the coils to which they lead are put in circuit.
Although I have shewn the bars and the commutator arranged for a 5 leaf
twill, obviously for other twills the numbers of the bars and commutating contacts
would be suitably varied.
As the mechanism for reciprocating the knives 2, the spring box C, the bars F,
or moving the pattern sheet K and the roller R or spindle T form no part of my
invention and may be of ordinary known kind, I bave not shewn it in the
drawings.
"Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I make
no general claim to controlling electrically the needles of a jacquard-so as to
determine the pattern of a fabric, but what I claim is :-
1. The berciu described method of electrically controlling the needles of a
jacquard so as to determine the twill of a fabric, by winding the electro-magnets
employed for determining the pattern with two coils and suitably connecting the
second coils by a commutator to the source of electricity, whereby, all the
second coils at intervals of five, or other number according to the character
of twill desired, are put in circuit, neutralising such of the magnets as are
energised by the pattern coils, and energising such of the inagnets as are not so
energised.
2. In combination with the pattern determining coils on the electro-magnets,
second coils and their connections in suitable groups to a commutator, substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.