Year: 1885

page_text: I, JAMES CANT, of Thornton, Fifeshire, Chemical Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of my invention to be as follows:-
My invention has for its object the more perfect regulation of the ventilation of
sulphuric-acid chambers or other chambers and furnaces, fires, and close places, or
flues and ducts leading from these, and which is effected by the draught of
chimneys or other hollow shafts, and such like irregular means of exhaustion; and
my invention further relates to new or improved arrangements or combinations of
the parts of regulators therefor.
The improvements of my invention consist, first, in admitting the outer air into
a part or parts of the close ventilating flue, duct, or conduit beyond the chamber
or place whose ventilation is to be regulated, in a greater or less degree in pro-
portion to the increased or diminished draught or suction produced in the said flue
or duct by the chimney or other irregular exhauster producing the draught beyond
the part where the air is admitted.
Secondly my invention consists in the construction of the regulator for carrying
out my first improvement. This regulator in its simplest form, as applied to the
ventilating flue or duct of a sulphuric acid chamber, consists in forming a round
or other shaped opening through the top plate of the flue or duct, and in fitting
under this hole a corresponding disc or valve plate to close or open it from within
the flue or duct. This valve plate would be formed of lead, as also the top of the
flue duct, and it would be hung by lead or lead covered rods to one end of a beam
lever carried on V fulcra on a stand near the air hole, and would have a weight on
the other arm of the lever to balance the valve and its hangers. But small weights
would be mounted to slide on either arm of the beam lever, to adjust its action and
the valve on it to the greatest nicety, to close the valve when the draught or
suction and speed of the gases was too slow; and open it when the suction was too
great below the valve, to let in more of the outer air at the valve and so prevent
the speed of the gases increasing on the inside of the valve from the chamber. In
this way the speed of the ventilation from the chamber is regulated to the greatest.
nicety, the valve opening proportionally to supply the air to suit the increased
suction or draught of the chimney.

page_text: To give a more perfect regulation of the ventilation, two or more such regulating
valves and lever arrangements may be mounted at some distance apart on the
- ventilating escaping flue or duct, so that the one nearest the drawing chimney
would first act where the greatest suction occurred, and so regulate the speed of
the gases between it and the next valve, which would not require to open or close
so much and would therefore act more perfectly as a regulator, and reduce the
error of speed and suction towards the chamber from rising or falling beyond the
normal speed.
The arrangement of this regulator described could be very considerably varied
in the construction and combination of its parts to suit the purpose to which it is
to be applied. As, for instance, the valve and valve seats might be made of iron
or other material to withstand heat where it is hot gases that are being ventilated
or withdrawn through the ducts; and a balance wheel and cords or chains might
be used instead of the beam lever and springs used instead of the balance weights
herein before described.

page_text: Improvements in Ventilation and in Regulators therefor.
I, JAMES CANT, of Thornton, Fifeshire, Chemical Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement in
writing, reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings and to the
letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say :—
My Invention has for its object the more perfect regulation of the ventilation of
sulphuric acid chambers, or other chambers, columns, towers, or condensers and
furnaces, fires, and close places, or flues and ducts leading from these, and which is
effected by the draught of chimneys or other hollow shafts, and such like irregular
means of exhaustion; and my Invention further relates to new or improved
arrangements or combination of the parts of regulators thereof.
And in order that the nature, novelty, and mode of carrying my said Invention
into effect or practice may be properly understood, I have hereunto appended an
explanatory Drawing representing part of a sulphuric acid chamber A with its
ventilating flue or duct B beyond the usual balanced throttle or emission valve c
with parts thereof in section, sufficient to show my improvements as applied
thereto the same reference letters indicating like parts where shown.
Referring to the Drawing, the improvements of my invention consist, first, in
admitting the outer or atmospheric air into a part or parts of the close ventilating
flue, duct, or conduct B beyond the chamber or place A that the ventilation,
thereof is to be regulated as indicated by the arrows at A¹ A¹ in a greater or less
degree in proportion to the increased or diminished draught or suction produced
in the said flue or duct by the chimney or other irregular exhauster producing the
draught beyond the part where the air is admitted.
Secondly, my invention consists in the construction of the regulator for carrying
out my first improvements. This regulator in its complete form, as applied to the
ventilating flue or duct B of a sulphuric acid chamber A consists in forming a
round or other shaped opening a through the top plate D1 of the flue or duct, and
in fitting under this hole or seat a corresponding regulating disc or valve plate E
to more or less close or open the orifice from within the flue or duct B. This valve
plate E would preferably be formed of lead, as also the top D¹ of the flue duct B
and it would be hung by lead, or lead covered rods b to one end of a beam lever F,
carried on V fulcra on a stand G near the air hole a and would have a weight H
on the other arm F¹ of the lever F to balance the valve and its hangers b. But
small weights I would be mounted to slide on either arm of the beam lever to
adjust its action and the valve connected with it to the greatest nicety so as to
close the valve E when the draught or suction and speed of the gases became too
slow; and open the valve when the suction becomes too great below it to let in
more of the outer air through the opening a and so prevent the speed of the gases
increasing on the inside of the valve leading from the chamber A. In this way
the speed of the ventilation fron the chamber A is regulated to the greatest nicety,
the valve E opening proportionally to supply the air to suit the increased suction
or draught of the chimney in the flue beyond the valve and maintain the regular
draught in the flue between the valve and chamber A.

page_text: To give a more perfect regulation of the ventilation, two or more such regulating
valves E and lever arrangements may be mounted at some distance apart on the
ventilating escaping flue or duct B as shown in the accompanying Drawing 80
that the one nearest the Drawing chimney would first act where the greatest
suction occurred and so regulate the speed of the gases between it and the other
valve nearest the chamber A which would not require to open or close so much and
would therefore act more perfectly as a regulator and reduce the error of speed and
suction towards the chamber A from rising or falling beyond the normal speed.
In cases where the escaping or exhausting flues to the chimney are larger than
are actually required as is frequently the case and where other flues lead into the
same chimney, an ordinary balance weighted side plate damper would be fitted as
shown at K between the regulating valves and the chimney, to be set by hand to
approximately reduce the size of the flue and consequent amount of cold air
required to pass in through the valves, and thus prevent injury to the draft of the
chimney shaft which without this valve might injuriously affect the draught in
other Hues leading into the chimney shaft.
The arrangement of this regulator described could be very considerably varied
in the construction and combination of its parts to suit the purpose to which it is
to be applied. As for instance the valve and valve seats might be made of iron or
other material to withstand heat where it is hot gases that are being ventilated.or
withdrawn through the ducts; and a. balance wheel' and cords or chains might be
used instead of the beam lever, and springs used instead of the balance and regu-
lating weights herein before described. The total area of the valve air holes would
be at least equal to the cross area of the flue in which they are placed."
I
■ }
Having thus particularly. described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
. First, The new or improved method, or mode, and means of ventilating the
flues, ducts, or conduits leading from sulphuric acid chambers, furnaces, fires, close
places, and other such like structures through which gases, gaseous products, or
vapours are passing, or wherein such are produced, by the differential admission of
air, substantially as herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying
Drawing.
:
Second, The construction and arrangement of balanced or regulating valves for
ventilating the flues, ducts or conduits leading from sulphuric acid chambers,
furnaces, fires, close places, and other such like structures through which gases,
gaseous products, or vapours are passing, or wherein such are produced, sub-
stantially as herein described in reference to and shown in the accompanying
Drawing.
1.
Third, The admission of air to the flues, ducts, or conduits leading from sulphuric
acid chambers, furnaces, fires, close places, and other such like structures, through
which gases, gaseous products, or vapours are passing, or wherein such are produced,
for the purposes, and by means of regulating mechanism substantially as herein
described in reference to and shown in the accompanying Drawing.
Dated this 4th day of Santamber 1886