IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN THE SECURING OF AND VENTILATING BY SASU AND OTHER WINDOWS." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Verity and Joshua Marland Verity, of Call Lane,
Leeds, Ironmongers, and Benjamin Banks, of Freehold Street, Loeds, Joiner,
all in the County of York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
IN THE SECURING OF AND VENTILATING BY SASU AND OTHER WINDOWS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Verity and Joshua
Marland Verity and Benjamin Banks at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 4th February 1882.
EDWIN VERITY and JOSHUA MARLAND VERITY, of Call Lane, Leeds, Iron-
mongers, and BENJAMIN BANKS, of Freehold Street, Leeds, Joiner, all in the
County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN, AND IN THE SECURING OF, AND VENTI-
LATING BY, SASH AND OTHER WINDOWS."
The first part of this Invention consists in an improved construction of what are
known as sash or "sliding sash" windows, which are also hinged, "pivotted," or
otherwise made to swing as well as to slide, for the purposes of cleaning and
ventilation.
In lieu of each sash or light,"―into which the glass is fixed,-being merely a
single frame as heretofore, and hinged or pivotted to a pair of separate, long or
short sliding blocks or rebated pieces, to which the sash cords or chains and weights
are attached; we construct the said sashes as double or compound frames,-
"outer" and "inner,"—that is, one frame fitting inside the other, and the inner
frame hanged upon pivots or studs, fixed opposite to each other, in any convenient
part of any two of its sides, and properly rebated and sloped on the "clapping" or
closing faces or joints, for draught exclusion when fully closed. The sides of the
outer frame are fitted to slide in the ordinary grooves or channels of the main frame
in the usual manner; their cross sectional area being such as to allow of this, and
sufficient clearance for the free swinging of the inner frame when required. The
sash cords or chains and weights are attached to the sides of the outer frame, so
that, when closed, this double or compound frame appears and works, (slides) the
same as the heretofore single sash frame bas done; and, when the inner frame is
opened, by swinging upon its pivots or centres,-away from the outer frame and
its vertical or closed position,-for cleaning or ventilation, the presence of the
entire outer frame, for sliding-gives increased strength, and less liability to
straining and damage of the pivots and other parts.

page_text: The second part of this Invention consists in an improved "fastener" for
securing the two parts,-outer and inner,-of the before-described compound
frames together, to act as one complete frame, and also,-by a double or two-fold
action, the securing of the whole, to or in the main frame, to prevent being opened
by sliding. This fastener, we prefer to construct "in two," or as a pair of fasteners,
-right and left handed, and to fix upon the top corners of the lower sash, and the
bottom corners of the upper sash, and, by a lever, cam, and bolt action, and a fixed
plate or plates with holes for the bolts, we construct the fastener in such a manner
that a movement of forty-five degrees of the lever handle shall unfasten the sliding
action, and the remaining distance or travel of the same, shall unfasten the swinging
action, or " vice versa," and thus, one pair of fasteners will perform the double duty,
and in the strongest place and manner.
In some cases we employ this fastener for the swinging action only, or the
sliding action only; flush or other bolts, or other convenient means or fasteners,
being employed for the other action, in either case.
In con-
The third part of this Invention consists in an improved double cord action, or
opener and stop or holder, for the swing action of the foregoing or other windows,
for use, more especially, for the purpose of ventilating by that means.
structing this opener, we fix, upon the top inside bar or other equivalent part of a
swinging or pivotted window, a small metal case, with a horizontal spindle through
it, and upon this spindle, inside the case, wo construct a chain pulley and a cord
pulley, and furnish them with chain or other equivalent, and cord, according to the
size or height of window, and the full distance it has to open. We then fasten the
loose or outside end of the chain to the non-swinging frame of the hereinbefore
described, or to the stationary frame of an ordinary swinging window; the cord
which fills the cord pulley, hanging loosely down the window, as usual.
We then fix, also upon the spindle, a ratchet wheel, and upon the side of the
case, a "pawl'action," with another cord; to lift the catch or pawl, also hanging
down the window; the said,-latter,-cord, being used to open the window by
first lifting the pawl, and then causing the inside pulleys to take up cord and give
out chain, which action can, at the same time, be controlled, stopped, or reversed,
by the first named cord, through the action of the pulleys and chain, and in consc-
quence of the pulling of this cord winding on the chain, and thus closing the
window, or allowing it to be held, by the ratchet, in any intermediate position, for
the purpose of ventilation,

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Edwin Verity and Joshua Marland Verity and Benjamin Banks in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 4th August 1882.
EDWIN VERITY and JOSHUA MARLAND VERITY, of Call Lane, Leeds, Iron-
mongers, and BENJAMIN BANKS, of Freehold Street, Leeds, Joiner, all in the
County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN, AND IN THE SECURING OF AND VENTI-
LATING BY, SASH AND OTHER WINDOWS."
The first part of this Invention consists in an improved construction of what are
known as sash or "sliding sash" windows, which are also hinged, pivotted, or
otherwise made to swing, as well as to slide, for the purposes of cleaning and
ventilation. In lieu of each sash or "light," into which the glass is fixed,-being
merely a single frame, as heretofore, and hinged or pivotted to a pair of separate
long or short sliding blocks or rebated side pieces, to which the sash cords or chains
and weights are attached, wo construct the said sashes as double or compound
frames, outer and inner, that is, one frame fitting to, inside, and against the
other, and with the inner frame of the two, hinged upon pivots or studs, fixed
opposite to each other, in any convenient part of any two of its opposite sides, and
properly rebated, and sloped, on the "clapping" or closing faces or joints, for
draught exclusion when fully closed. The sides of the outer frame are fitted to
slide freely in the ordinary grooves or channels of the main frame, in the usual
manner; their cross sectional area or size being such as to allow of this and
sufficient clearance for the free swinging of the inner frame; upon its pivots when
required. The sash cords or chains, and weights, are attached to the sides of the
outer frame, so that when closed, this double or compound frame appears and
works, (slides) the same as the heretofore single sash frame has done; and, when the
inner frame is opened,-by swinging upon its pivots or centres,-away from the outer
frame, and its vertical or closed position, for cleaning or ventilation, the presence of
the entire outer frame, for supporting or "carrying" the inner frame, whilst
sliding, gives increased strength, and less liability to straining and damage of the
pivots and other parts.
The second part of this Invention consists in an improved "fastener," for
securing the two parts, outer and inner,-of the before-described compound
frames together, to act as one complete frame, and also,-by a double or twofold
action, the securing of the whole to or in the main frame, to prevent being
opened by sliding. This fastener we prefer generally to construct" in two," or as
a pair of fasteners, right and left handed, and to fix them upon the " meeting rails"
of a pair of sashes ;-that is, upon the top corners of the lower sash, and the bottom
corners of the upper sash;-and, by a lever, cam, slot, and bolt action, and plate or
plates with holes for the bolts, we construct this fastener in such a manner that a
movement of about forty-five degrees of the lever handle shall unfasten the sliding
action, and the remaining distance or "travel" shall unfasten the swinging action,
or" vice versa ;" and thus, this fastener will perform the double duty of fastening
and unfastening for sliding or swinging, or either of them alone, but not that of
opening to various degrees or distances, by swinging upon the pivots, for the
purpose of ventilation; this requires the third part of our Invention, which consists

page_text: in an improved "double cord" action or ventilating opener and stop or holder, for
the swing action of the herein-before described or other windows. In constructing
this "opener," we employ a small metal case, which we fix upon the top inside bar,
or other equivalent part, of a swing or pivotted window, and through the sides of
this case, we fit a horizontal revolving spindle, and upon this we fix, inside the
case, two pulleys or drums, one larger in diameter than the other, and we furnish
these with chain or other equivalent for the smaller, and cord, by preference, for
the larger, according to the size or height of the window, and the full distance it has
to open. We then fasten the loose or outside end of the chain, to the non swinging
frame or part of the window; the cord, which is upon the larger pulley, coming
through the front of the case, and hanging down the window in the usual manner.
We then fix, also upon the spindle, and, by preference, outside the case.-a
"ratchet wheel," and upon the side of the case, a "click" or "pawl," to work into
the teeth of the wheel, and, to which is attached the second cord, also hanging down
the window; this cord being so arranged as to first lift the pawl out of the wheel,
and then pull the window open, which action causes the pulleys to revolve, and to
give out" chain, and "take up" cord; and this movement can, at the same time,
-by the use of both the cords,-be controlled, stop'd, or reversed for closing the
window, or allowing it to be held by the ratchet wheel and action, in any inter-
mediate position, for the purpose of ventilation. In some cases we find it to be
desirable to pass the first named cord through a small pulley or eye," at some
distance below the ventilating opener, to prevent pulling it, for closing, -at too
great a distance or angle from the window.
In the accompanying illustrations, Figure 1 is a horizontal section of a pair of
the compound sashes; Figure 2 is a vertical section of the same, and Figures 3
and 4 are sections of the sides, above and below the line of centres or pivots; and,
in these a, is the outer frame, b the inner frame, and c the centre or pivot :-
Figure 5 is a plan, without the cap, of one arrangement of the double lock bolt
fastener, and Figure 6 ditto ditto of the three bolt arrangement of ditto; the third
bolt shuting downwards, for the swinging action, and, in these d, is the bolt, and
e the lever handle;-Figure 7 is a side elevation of the ventilating chain opener;
Figure 8 is a front elevation of ditto ditto, and Figure 9 is a reduced side view,
showing its application to an upper compound sash frame; and, in these, f is the
metal case, the spindle, h, the pulleys or drums, i the chain, j the closing cord,
k the "ratchet wheel," Z, the click or pawl, and m the opening cord.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, we
wish it to be understood that we do not confine or restrict ourselves to the preciso
details or arrangements which we have described or referred to, as many modifica-
tions and variations may be made therefrom, without deviating from the principles
or main features of the said Invention; but what we consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-before in
part recited Letters Patent is,
First;―The double or compound sliding and swinging sashes, constructed with
one complete frame fitting to, inside, and against another complete frame, and
pivotted thereto in such a manner as to constitute one complete sash when closed
together, and two when opened or "swung" upon the pivots, for cleaning or
ventilation ;-
Second-The double or treble lock bolt fastener, so constructed as to secure
against opening by sliding or swinging,-apart from ventilating, by different
degrees of the latter movement, and
Third; The "double cord," ventilating window opener and stop or holder,
wherein, by the use of a case and spindle, with two pulleys and a ratchet wheel
and pawl, and chain and cord or other equivalents, we are able to open the window
to various degrees, upon the pivots, for ventilating, without the usual " radius

page_text: bar
or quadrant ;”—virtually as, or after the manner of the foregoing
description.
In witness whereof, we the said Edwin Verity, Joshua Marland Verity, and
Benjamin Banks, have hereunto set our hands and seals this Twenty-ninth
day of July, in the year of our Lord, Ono thousand, eight hundred and
eighty two.
10 Witness.
F. ARCHER,
12, Call Lane,
Leeds.
EDWIN VERITY.
(L.S.)
JOSHUA MARLAND VERITY. (L.S.)
BENJAMIN BANKS.
(L.S.)