IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING SYNCHRONOUS MOVEMENTS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR.
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederik Wolff of the International Patent Office,
Copenhagen, Denmark, Patent Agent for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN
OBTAINING SYNCHRONOUS MOVEMENTS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR. A com-
munication to him by Poul la Cour of Askovhus Vejen: Station in the
Kingdom of Denmark.
:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederik Wolff at the Office.
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th October 1882..
FREDERIK WOLFF, of the International Patent Office, Copenhagen, Denmark,
Patent Agent, "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING SYNCHRONOUS MOVEMENTS AND
APPARATUS THEREFOR (a communication from Poul la Cour; of. Askovhus Vejen
Station, in the Kingdom of Denmark)
"
•
An apparatus for obtaining synchronous movement according to this invention'
consists principally of a vibrating body such as a tuning fork permanently.
vibrating or oscillating by automatic electric, intermittent action and thereby.
transmitting an intermittent or undulating electric current and of a wheel subject
to oscillation or vibration under the influence of the said current. The rotation
of this wheel under these circumstances being exceedingly regular, the current is
applicable to various purposes, such, for example as to establish synchronous
movements at two or more stations connected by a telegraphic line.
The more the oscillating or vibrating body (hereinafter denominated a tuning
fork) is attracted, the longer is the period or rate of its oscillation and the slower
does the wheel consequently move.
Thus the time of oscillation can be lengthened for instance by ;
1.) moving the attracting poles nearer to the branches of the tuning fork or
2) by letting a stronger current act upon the tuning fork to keep it in motion.
The former can be done simply by applying through the poles N and S of the
electro magnet two screws of iron forming polar extensions.
When these are screwed nearer to the branches of the fork or farther therefrom,...
the time of vibration or oscillation of the fork will accordingly be either somewhat

page_text: prolonged or shortened and the wheel will consequently turn somewhat slower or
somewhat quicker.
This method of regulation can be adapted to apparatus at various stations,
connected by a telegraphic line, when it is easy to tell if the movements are
synchronous.
If the synchronous movements are used for instance to produce Pantelegraphy
it can directly be observed at the receiving station if the writing or the drawing
stands correctly, or, still better, if a vertical line on the original for instance
along the border of the same, appears as a vertical line at the receiving station.
If the line is reproduced in an oblique position, bending to the ono or to the
other side, it proves, that the revolution of the phonic wheel is too quick or
too slow.
་ 、་
The screws forming the polar extensions can then be regulated, until the copy
of the vertical line also becomes vertical.
By the latter of the above mentioned methods for altering the time of oscillation
of the fork nainely by varying the strength of the current, which causes the fork
to oscillate, one can obtain absolute synchronous movements in the following
manner.
'
A
At station No. 1 the fork is kept in automatic movement by a local battery.
The circuit of a second local battery is thereby intermittently completed and
the phonic wheel can thus be kept in uniform rotation, one tooth passing at cach
oscillation or vibration of the fork. At station No 2. the fork is in a similar way
kept in automatic movement by means of the local battery.
Thereby the current in a second local battery becomes, intermittent and the
phonic wheel has a corresponding speed of rotation.
At station No 2. there is also a third local battery stronger than the first and
capable of being thrown into circuit in place of the first by the tongue of a
polarized relay.
The fork is now tuned at station No. 2. by means of the polar extensions so that
the phonic wheel at No. 2. turns quicker than at No. 1., when the fork at No. 2. is
operated upon by the first local battery, whilst the wheel at No. 2. turns slower than
the wheel at No. 1. when the fork at No. 2. is oporated upon by the third local
battery.
To ench of the wheels is attached.an arın which is in electric connexion with the
telegraphic line.
The arm at station No. 1. touches at each revolution two contact pieces, which
are in connection respectively with the negative and positive poles of two batteries,
the other poles of which are conducted to the earth.
Consequently there is produced at each révolution a negative and positive.
undulation of short duration. At station No. 2. there are two corresponding
contact pieces, from which a circuit passes through the convolutions of the relay"
to the earth.
On putting both wheels in motion.and placing the tongue of the relay in such a
position that the fork at No. 2. is operated by the first battery, the wheel at station
No. 2, will turn.quicker than the wheel at No. 1.
Thereby the arm at No. 2. will gradually overrun the arm at No: 1. so that the
former touches its contact pieces at the same moment as the latter touches its
positive contact piecc.
The tongue of the relay stands still however until the arm at No. 2. after somo
more revolutions touches its terminal in the very same moment that the arm at
No. 1. touches the negative terminal.
The negative current wave will throw the tongue of the relay against the other
contact and thus the third battery is substituted for the first whereliy the wheel
at No. 2: turns slower. After some revolutions the arm at station No 2. will again
touch the contact at the same moment the positive wave from No. 1 arrives to
move the relay tongue whereupon the first battery is again replaced, and so on.
i
"

page_text: °
Thus the relay will cause the wheel at No. 2. to move on the average just as
quickly as the wheel at No. 1. and for that purpose the telegraphic line is only in
use during the short time the arms at the two stations are passing respectively
over the contact pieces.
During the rest of the time the telegraphic line can be used for various kinds.
of telegraphy, the arms being available during the remainder of their motion to send
and receive different currents from No. 1. to No 2. or from No. 2 to No.1.
Or there can during some fractional parts of the revolution be sent currents in
one direction and during others in the opposite direction.
Thus the synchronous movements can be utilised in different kinds of
telegraphy

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Frederik Wolff in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd April 1883.
FREDERIK WOLFF of the International Patent. Office, Copenhagen, Denmark,
Patent Agent. LMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING SYNCHRONOUS MOVEMENTS AND
APPARATUS THEREFOR (A communication to me by Paul la Cour of, Askovhus
Vejen Station in the Kingdom of Denmark)
An apparatus for obtaining synchronous movement according to this invention
consists principally of a vibrating body such as a tuning fork permanently
vibrating or oscillating by automatic electric intermittent action, and thereby
transmitting an intermittent or undulating electric current and of a wheel subject
to oscillation or vibration under the influence of the said current. The rotation of
this wheel under these circumstances being exceedingly regular, the current is
applicable to various purposes, such, for example, as to establish synchronous inove-
ments at two or more stations connected by a telegraphic line. The more the
oscillating or vibrating body (hereinafter denominated a tuning fork) is attracted,
the longer is the period or rate of its oscillation and the slower does the wheel
consequently move. Thus the time of oscillation can be lengthened for instance
by, 1) moving the attracting poles nearer to the branches of the tuning fork,
or 2) by letting a stronger current act upon the tuning fork to keep it in motion.
The former can be done simply by applying through the poles N and S of the
electro magnet, two scrows of iron forming polar extensions. When these are
screwed nearer to the branches of the fork or farther therefrom, the time of
vibration or oscillation of the fork will accordingly be either somewhat prolonged
or shortened, and the wheel will consequently turn somewhat slower or somewhat
quicker. This method of regulation can be adapted to apparatus at various
stations, connected by a telegraphic line, when it is easy to tell if the movements
are synchronous. If the synchronous movements are used for instance to produce
Pantelegraphy it can directly be observed at the receiving station if the writing
or the drawing stands correctly, or, still better, if a vertical line on the original for
instance along the border of the same, appears as a vertical line at the receiving
station. If the line is reproduced in an oblique position, bending to the one or to
the other side, it proves that the revolution of the phonic wheel is too quick or too
slow. The screws forming the polar extension can then be regulated, until the
copy of the vertical line also becomes vertical.
By the latter of the above mentioned methods for altering the time of oscillation
of the fork, namely, by varying the strength of the current, which causes the fork
to oscillato, one can obtain absolute synchronous movements in the following
manner.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings, at station N° 1 the fork is
kept in automatic movement by a local battery 1. The circuit of a second local
battery is thereby intermittently completed and the phonic wheel r can thus bo
kept in uniform rotation, one tooth passing at each oscillation or vibration of the
fork. At station No 2 the fork tis in a similar way kept in automatic movement
by means of the local battery 1.
Thereby the current in a second local battery becomes intermittent and the
phonic wheel has a corresponding speed of rotation. At station No 2 there is
also a third local battery 12 stronger than the first and capable of being thrown
into circuit in place of the first by the tongue of a polarized relay R. The fork
is now tuned at station No 2 by means of the polar extensions N and S so that the
phonic wheel at No 2 turns quicker than at N° 1, when the fork at No 2 is operated
upon by the first local battery l, whilst the wheel at No 2 turns slower than the

page_text: wheel at No 1 when the fork at N° 2 is operated upon by the third local
battery 1. To each of the wheels is attached an arm H and H which is in electric
connection with the telegraphic line. The arm H at station N° 1 touches at each
revolution two contact pieces e and o which are in connection respectively with the
negative and positive poles of two batteries, the other poles of which are conducted
to the earth T. Consequently there is produced at each revolution a negative and
positive undulation of short duration. At station N° 2. there are two corresponding
contact pieces p and p from which a circuit passes through the convolutions of the
relay R to the earth T. On putting both wheels in motion and placing the tongue
of the relay in such a position that the fork at N° 2. is operated by the first
battery 1, the wheel at station No 2 will turn quicker than the wheel at N° 1.
Thereby the arm at No 2 will gradually overrun the arm at N° 1 so that the
former touches its contact pieces at the same moment as the latter touches its
positive contact piece o. The tongue of the relay stands still however until the
arm H at No 2 after some more revolutions touches its terminal p p in the very
same moment that H the arm at N° 1 touches e the negative terminal. The
negative current wave will throw the tongue of the relay against the other contact
and thus the third battery 12 is substituted for the first whereby the wheel at Nº 2
turns.slower.
After some revolutions the. arm H at station N° 2 will again touch the contact
pp at the same moment the positive wave from N° 1 arrives to move the relay
tongue whereupon the first battery is again replaced, and so on. Thus the
relay R will cause the wheel at N° 2 to move on the average just as quickly as the
wheel at No 1, and for that purpose the telegraphic line is only in use during the
short time the arms H and H at the two stations are passing respectively over the
contact pieces e o and pp. During the rest of the time the telegraphic line can
be used for various kinds of telegraphy, the arms H being available during the
remainder of their motion to send and receive different currents from No 1 to N° 2,
or from No.2 to N° 1.
Or there can during some fractional parts of the revolution be sent currents in
one direction, and during others in the opposite direction.
Thus the synchronous movements can be utilised in different kinds of telegraphy.
Having described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of carrying
it into practical effect as communicated to me as aforesaid, what I claim is:-
1. Utilizing the variable attraction between an electro magnet and a permanently
vibrating or oscillating body such as a tuning fork for the purpose of altering the
period or rate of vibration or oscillation of the said body the greater attraction
giving the slower rate of vibration or oscillation substantially as described.
2. Varying the velocity of rotation of the phonic wheel by altering the distance
between the polar extensions of the electromagnets and the branches of the fork ;
or by varying the strength of the current that operates the tuning fork substantially
as described.
.
3 Regulating the velocity of rotation of the phonic wheel at the receiving station.
by means of a current from the transmitting station acting through a relay whereby
the strength of current operating the tuning fork at the receiving station is changed
as required to render synchronous the rotation of the phonic wheel at the two
stations substantially as described.
In Witness whereof I the said Frederik Wolff have hereunto set my hand and
seal this twenty seven day of March in the year of Our Lord one thousand
eight hundred and sight, thnoo