IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN KINDS OF BED COVERS OR COUNTERPANES, AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS OF SIMILAR CHARACTER, AND IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF WEAVING THE SAME
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Kirkman and, Isaac Grundy
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on,
the 6th January 1859.
We, JAMES KIRKMAN, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturer, and ISAAC GRUNDY, of the same Place, Cotton Spinner, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CERTAIN KINDS OF BED COVERS OR COUNTERPANES, AND OTHER TEXTILE FABRICS OF
SIMILAR CHARACTER, AND IN THE MODE OR METHOD OF WEAVING THE SAME," to'
be as follows:
The said ground
The said Invention is applicable to the manufacture of fabrics known as
Bolton or Marseilles quilts, or of others of like texture and materials. So far
as relates to the fabric or tissue produced it consists in the combination of a new-
and peculiar kind of ground with a damask or calico figure.
is produced by the intertexture of the binding weft, with both parts of the
warp, that is to say, both with the part thereof, which is interwoven with the
weft put in to form the figure, and also with that part which is usually inter-
woven with the binding weft to form the ground or plan part of the fabric.
Alternate picks of the binding weft may be flushed on the back of the figure
or otherwise, in order to vary the appearance and color, and in colored goods
the differently colored ends of the warp may be grouped in pairs of the same
color or alternate with each other. One part only of the warp is interwoven
with the weft which forms the figure or face, but both parts with he binding

page_text: weft. The resulting ground is of unique and peculiar character, and not
capable of being classed either as a plain cloth or calico, a tweel nor a satin.
The figure combined with the ground is produced by a double pick of weft
thrown in for each card, but we claim also as part of our Invention any
modification which may be produced by throwing in a single pick only for
each card, according to the ordinary mode. So far as the said Invention has
reference to weaving, it consists in the combination of certain arrangements in
the mounting and interweaving necessary to produce the fabric described.
The part of the warp to be interwoven with the figure or pattern is placed on
a weighted beam, the remaining portion or portions on a fixed or unyielding
beam. If the alternate picks of the binding weft are to be flushed at the
back or reverse side of the figure, the shed of the warp is unequally divided,
but otherwise the two parts of the shed may be equal.
To group the ends of the warp (in colored goods) so that ends of like color
may lie together in pairs, the ends are drawn through the heddles in such
order that the figure or face end in each split of the reed is made to fall next
to the figure or face end in the adjacent split, the ground ends being treated
in like manner. To produce the contrary effect, or a simple alternation of the
different kinds of ends, they are to be drawn in accordingly. The figure or
face portion of the warp is worked entirely by the heddles, the back or ground
portion partly by the heddles and partly by a jacquard apparatus, the heddles
being employed to form the shed, and the machine to determine the part to be
raised or sunk in putting in the figure. The texture of the ground thus
produced is rendered unusually firm and close by the mail ends and heddle
ends being mutually tied together by and interwoven with one and the
same binding weft, instead of each being interwoven only with its own or
corresponding weft, and this firmness in the ground imparts a full or
embossed appearance to the figure, which appearance is further improved by
the closer wefting of the face material of which it is composed.