Improvement connected with Rolls or Pressure Tools used in the Manufacture of Metal Articles.
Year: 1894

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement connected with Rolls or Pressure Tools used in the
Manufacture of Metal Articles.
I, OTTO KLATTE, Manager of the Firm of Walzwerk Germania, Neuwied on
the Rhine, Germany, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :---
With rolled work having a continuous uniform section the rolls are provided
with grooves running round them, and it is necessary in order to produce at
intervals recesses or depressions deep enough to leave a minimum of metal web
only, that such grooves be interrupted at intervals by leaving the said rolls full at
such points by forming dies on the same having their surface flush with the exterior
of the roll and shaped to correspond with the form of the depression or recess
required to be formed in the metal under treatment. Thus the said rolls will have
cavities formed in their exterior surface corresponding to the form of metal it i
desired to produce and dies corresponding in shape to the parts it is desired to
depress or remove. It is evident that in rolls of this kind. if the cavities are to
simultaneously shape the work this can only be effected to a very limited extent
i.e. if the dimensions of the parts to be removed are only small in proportion to
the other dimensions of the work under treatment.
In the other case if the area of the depressions or recesses or the thickness of the
metal under treatment is proportionately great, the rolls and driving gear will be
subjected to very considerable and sudden strains on the one hand whilst on the
other hand the material under treatment would be liable to get mis-shapen, owing
to the fact that in producing recesses of the kind described the free elongation of
the metal under the action of the rolls is impeded by the entrance of the dies
formed on the rolls into the metal. According to the present invention in order to
obviate these disadvantages, the dies formed on the rolls are not made flush with
the exterior surface of the said rolls over their whole surface but are hollowed out
within the outline of the said die or full part so as to leave only a narrow rim
following the outline of the said die flush with the exterior of the roll. In working
with rolls of this kind, the whole metal to be removed will not be displaced by the
die but merely a very small percentage of the same whilst that actually displaced
will enter the hollowed out part of the said die. Thus by the arrangement of such
depressions in the face of the die parts of the roll the whole train will be greatly
relieved of strains, the pressure between the rolls which in the case of full dies
sometimes reaches a dangerous degree can be regulated to any desired degree of
evenness, whilst depressions of any desired size, shape, or position can be formed
in the metal under treatment without exceeding the allowable limits of alteration
in form due to the rolling process and without the risk of unintentionally crushing
or mis-shaping the work.
When the work passes out of the mill, the metal to be reinoved only hangs on to
the other parts by a very thin web, unavoidable owing to the play or spring of the
rolls, which can be easily broken through by mechanical means and the desired
recesses or perforations laid open.
In order to make the present invention more easily intelligible reference is had
to the accompanying drawing in which several applications of the device are
illustrated. That part of the various figures to the left of the centre line represents

page_text: the rolling process as hitherto conducted, whilst the right hand side shows the
application of the present invention.
Figures 1 and 2 show the application of the invention to rolling machinery for
rolling chain links in which four rolls are employed having depressions on their
surfaces to form, from a bar having a cross section in the form of a cross, a chain
as far as possible in a finished condition and having its links all but separated from
each other.
The webs of the bar have about the same thickness of metal as the diameter
of the metal of the links. Unless the auxiliary grooves or cavities hereinbefore
described are provided, the whole of the metal of the bar at a Figure 2, with the
exception of the thin web remaining at the point of contact of the rolls, would have
to be squeezed out. A section through the rolls along the line 1, 1, in Figure 2 is
shown to the left of Figure 1, whilst a similar section with the application of the
auxiliary grooves would appear as at the right of the centre line. In this case a
small channel or ledge only of the metal is displaced, the remainder entering thé
cavities b, b, as shown to the right of the centre line of Figure 2. This surplus
metal will remain attached to the chain links by means of a very thin web, and can
be easily removed by mechanical means.
Figures 3, 4, and 5 show a bar of uniform or varying section which is to be
formed into a chain having flat lying engaging links. Figure 3 is a section
through the rolls on line 1, 1, in Figure 4, and Figure 5 a section on the line 2, 2,
Figure 4, showing the work as accomplished by the application of the auxiliary
groove or cavity to the rolls. a represents the surplus metal which has to be
displaced by being reduced to the thickness of the web at present. b, b, in
Figures 4 and 5 show the displacement of the surplus metal in the auxiliary
grooves or cavities arranged according to the present invention. in Figure 3
shows the filled cavity during the rolling process.
Figures 6, 7, and 8 show a similar application of the invention, in this case a
flat bar of metal is to be rolled into separate chain links, Figure 6 is a section on
line 1, 1, in Figure 7, and Figure 8 is a section on line 2, 2, in Figure 17. The
arrangement and the letters of reference are the same as described with reference
to the preceding figures, with the exception that the outer auxiliary cavity bis
carried continuously round the roll.
The present invention may also be applied for many other purposes than chain
rolling, thus it may be employed for making latticed girders, or for perforating T,
U, L, I, or other irons.
Figures 9, 10, and 11 show the application of the invention to form latticed
girders, Figure 9 being a section on line 1, 1, in Figure 10, and Figure 11 a section
on line 2, 2, in Figure 10. The description of the foregoing figures applies to
these Figures 9, 10, and 11 also, so that no further elucidation is necessary.
I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself in the present case to
forming the auxiliary grooves to correspond exactly with the outline of the
impressions of the rolls, reserving to myself the right of giving to the said auxiliary
grooves a form other than one corresponding to the depressions of the said rolls,
for instance the same would serve exactly as well if made to some other form, so
that they simultaneously roll a secondary product from the surplus metal displaced
in rolling the main product; or if the auxiliary cavities are large enough they may
be divided up into smaller ones part or all of which may be formed to shape
secondary products from the surplus metal displaced.
For the sake of brevity the foregoing description has been confined to rolls, but
as rolling in the present case is equivalent to an uninterrupted forging process,
is evident that the cavities or grooves arranged according to the present invention
could be employed with equal advantage in connection with swaging tools and
implements. Thus it is only necessary to consider the sections shown in the
drawings as belonging to swaging tools instead of rolls and the application of the
invention to swaging tools will become self evident.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what. I
claim is :-
In combination with rolls or swaging tools, the arrangement of suitable grooves
or cavities for the reception of the surplus metal to be removed substantially as
described.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Otto Klatte.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Otto Klatte.