IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRESERVATION OF STONE, BRICK, AND OTHER SUCH MATERIALS USED IN BUILDING, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE WATERPROOPING OF WALLS
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Smith, of Leek, in the County of Stafford,
Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRESERVATION
OF STONE, BRICK, AND OTHER SUCH MATERIALS USED IN BUILDING, APPLICABLE
ALSO TO THE WATERPROOPING OF WALLS."
Sealed the 22nd April 1862; and dated the 26th October 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Smith at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th
October 1861.
I, WILLIAM SMITH, of Leek, in the County of Stafford, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
PRESERVATION OF STONE, BRICK, AND OTHER SUCH MATERIALS USED IN BUILDING,
APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE WATERPROOPING OF WALLS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in using a combination of silica and alumina held
together either mechanically or chemically, and in order to obtain a fluid
matter suitable for application to stone or other such building material, I use
gelatine with the aforesaid substances. A method I adopt in preparing the
mixture is to add sulphate of alumina or alum to a siliceous stone, and to pour
thereon a solution of gelatine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Smith in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th April 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
SMITH, of Leek, in the County of Stafford, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said William Smith, Her special license that I, the said William
Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said William Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE PRESERVATION OF STONE, BRICK, AND OTHER SUCH MATERIALS
USED IN BUILDING, APPLICABLE ALSO TO THE WATERPROOFING OF WALLS," upon the
condition, amongst others, that I, the said William Smith, by an instrument
in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months.next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Smith, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, that is to say:-
In carrying out my Invention I take flint or other such silicous substance
and reduce it to a fine powder by calcination and grinding, if prepared after
the manner of that used in the pottery trade it will be suitable for the purpose.
To this I add alum or sulphate of alumina reduced to a fine powder; the com-
position thus formed I make into a paint by the addition of a suitable vehicle,
for which purpose I employ dissolved glue, bituminous substances, or linseed
oil and turpentine. The composition thus formed may be applied as a paint
to stone, brick, or other material used in building, and will be found a
protection against decay or damp; for this reason, therefore, iny Invention is
applicable to walls of any description which it is desired to render waterproof.

page_text: The proportions of the materials above mentioned may be varied; but I may
state as an example, that I have found three parts of flint to one of alum
or sulphate of alumina to answer, mixed with a sufficient quantity of dissolved
glue to make a substance when hot rather thinner than ordinary paint, but
when cold the mass will, of course, gelatinize. In order to colour this paint
metallic oxides or other pigments may be employed.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be
understood that I claim as secured to me under the above in part recited
Letters Patent, and for the purposes above set forth, the use of a mixture of
flint or other such silicious substances and alum, or sulphate of alumina, and
combining therewith such substances as aforesaid for making the same into
paint.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Smith, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
WILLIAM SMITH. (L.S.)