Improvements in Nap Raising Machines.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Mar., 1888
Specification Accepted, 20th Apr., 1888
Improvements in Nap Raising Machines.
I JAMES YATE JOHNSON of 17, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention, which has been communi-
cated to me from abroad by Gustave Marcel Bauche and Henri Alexandro
Baucho, of Paris, in the Republic of France, Manufacturers, and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
The object of the present invention is to overcome disadvantages attending the use
of metal cards or combs as heretofore employed in nap raising machines and to obtain
more regular work with the additional advantage that the material whatever may be
its class weight or power of resistance is not drawn or injured.
I will describe the Invention with reference to the several figures on the annexed
sheets of drawings the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts in all
the figures.
Figure 1 represents in elevation a nap raising machine constructed according to this
Invention.
Figures 2 and 3 shew (drawn to a larger scale) in a front and side view respectively
a portion of the machine separately as hereinafter described.
Figure 4 is a detached view of one of the bearings hereinafter described. The
cards or nap raisers 1 which are cylindrical and which are hereinafter called "workers"
are shown in the drawing arranged in four sets B1 B2 B3 B4 each set containing three
workers but the number of workers in each set and the number of sets of workers in
one machine may be increased or diminished.
The workers in each set are fitted to turn in bearings in two discs or carriers B fast
on the opposite ends of an axle X mounted in bearings in the frame of the machine.
The material being operated upon (shewn in the drawings by the dotted lines a)
passes through the machine in the direction indicated by the arrows in Figure 1, and
is conducted past and in proximity to the several sets of workers by guide rollers b as
shown.
In order to impart the necessary tension to the said material it is first passed over a
rod V and then beneath a cylinder V2 and thence to a cylinder P before it reaches the
first set of workers. The rod V is carried in arms fast on the axle of the cylinder V²
on which axle is also fixed a ratchet wheel by which the cylinder V may be turned
and the angle of the arms carrrying the bar V varied so as to increase or reduce the
tension on the material as required. S is a detent which engages between the teeth
of the ratchet wheel Q to retain it in its adjusted position.

page_text: The cylinder P over which the fabric passes (which cylinder may be of wood or
other suitable material) is provided with a brake strap connected at one end to a screw R
by which the friction of the said strap may be regulated so as to retard tho
rotation of the cylinder P more or less as required.
The material passes from the cylinder P beneath the first of the guide rollers band
thence upwards in front of the first set of workers B to the action of which workers
the material is first subjected. It then passes over other guide rollers & down the
opposite side or back of the said first set of workers and is again operated upon thereby
after which it is conducted by the guide rollers b as shown by the arrows to the other
sets of workers to be similarly acted on.
The nap having been thus raised by the workers 1 the material passes from the
machine through the delivery rollers J H and is laid in regular folds by means of a
trough N through which the fabric passes and which is operated by a connecting rod M
from a wheel O as is well understood.
The discs or carriers in which each of the workers 1 of each set rotate are fixed on
the shaft X and the shafts of tho soveral sets of workers may bo driven simultaneously
by any suitable arrangement of driving gear whilst the rotation of the workers may
be effected by their contact with the material.
An essential feature of this Invention consists in the mode of mounting the workers
in their carriers which I will now describo with reference to Figures 2, 3, and 4.
The axis A of each of the workers I, is mounted in bearings 2, 3 the part 2 of cach
bearing being capable of sliding in guides in the carrier B and supported on a spring K
which is by preference of a curved form as shewn in the drawings. According to
the degree of pressure of this spring on the moveable portion 2 of the bearing, the
freedom of the shaft A to rotate on the said bearing will be regulated and consequently
as the rotation of the shaft is effected by the contact of the workers with the material,
the action of the said workers on the material will be varied according to the degree
of elasticity of the said spring. The elasticity of the spring may be regulated as
required according to the material to be operated on and this may be effected in the
following manner. The moveable part 2 of the bearing islprovided with a stem 5 on
which is a screw thread, on which thread is screwed a pinion 4 bearing on the
spring K, and geared with a toothed wheel 7 carried by a sleeve mounted on the
shaft X. By giving to the toothed wheel 7 a movement of rotation in either direction
the pinions 4 of the set will also be turned and thereby screwed up or down as the
case may be on the screwed stem 5 of the moveable part 2 of the bearing and thus
cause the spring K to press the said moveable parts 2 against the axles A of tho
workers with greater or lesser power.
.
The workers 1 will accordingly turn with more or less difficulty and the workers'
will then penetrate into the material more or less according to the resistance thus given
to the rotation of the axle of the workers. The turning movement of the toothed
wheel 7 may be effected with the greatest case by means of a suitable instrument
introduced into one of the holes 8 provided for the purpose in the sleeve carrying the
wheel, as shown in Figure 3.
When by the rotation of the discs B, a worker is brought into contact with the
material, the degree of pressure exerted thereon by the spring K, should be such that
the workers press to just the required extent to perform the operation of facing the
material operated upon without distorting the said material and this degree of pressure
may be adjusted as required to suit different materials by turning the toothed wheel 7
in one direction. or the other as hereinbefore described to regulate the pressure
exerted by tho spring K.
Each of the parts 3 of the bearing is held in position on the axle A by a covering
plate 6 screwed on to the rim of the dise or carrier B. In this covering plate there
is provided a chamber 9 for containing lubricating matter which communicates with
the axle A of the worker by channels 10 so that the said axle is maintained efficiently
lubricated. The lubricating box and the part 3 of the bearing may be formed in one
pieco.
This system of elastic suspension and the means whereby the rotation of the axles of

page_text: the workers is governed constitute an important improvement. As the system of
driving by contact requires great precision in regulating the pressure of the material
against the workers a system of double racks L L on two jointed bars E E', Figure 1,
may be provided.
The bars E carry each some of the guide rollers 6 round which the material
passes and racks LL' are formed on these bars and are in gear with a pinion D by
means of which the bars may be moved in opposite directions in guides so as to
increase or diminish the distance between the guides and so cause the material to
press more or less against the workers.
A fly wheel on each side of the frame is provided for regulating for the whole
system whatever may be the number of sets of workers employed in the machine.
As heretofore described and illustrated by the drawings a single spring is employed
to bear the axles of all the workers of each set but it is to he understood that a separato
spring may be provided for each axle or other equivalent yielding device may be
provided for producing the same result.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In nap raising machines mounting the workers in flexible or yielding bearings
so arranged as to be capable of being adjusted to vary the pressure of the workers
on the material being operated upon substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.
2. In nap raising machines workers mounted in sets in flexible or yielding bearings
carried by discs or carriers the bearings of all the workers being supported by and
pressure applied thoreto by one and the same spring or yielding support substantially
herein before described and illustrated by Figure 2 of the accompanying
drawings.
as
3. In nap raising machines the means for regulating the power of the flexible or
yielding supports of the bearings of the workers according to the nature of the
material being operated on substantially as herein before described and illustrated by
Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
4. The general construction combination and arrangement of parts constituting a
yielding or flexible bearing for the axles of the cards or workers of nap raising
machines substantially as hereinbefore.described and illustrated by Figures-2,-3 and 4
of the accompanying drawings.
5. The arrangement and combination of parts constituting the nap raising
machine substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
1
1 1000