matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hiram Craven Coulthard and
James Jordan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 14th April 1859.
We, HIRAM CRAVEN COULTHARD, Engineer, and JAMES JORDAN, Pattern
Maker, both of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM
ENGINES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to the slide valves of steam engines, and is designed
for the purpose of reducing the weight on the valve facings caused by the
pressure of steam on the back of the valve. Our improvement consists in the
introduction of a second facing, and also an upper portion of the valve which
is to work or slide upon the said extra facing. The steam being admitted
between the top and bottom portion of the valve it exerts pressure upwards
against the top, and relieves the bottom or steam-tight surfaces from a great
amount of pressure.
A second part of the Invention, consisting in a novel and peculiar method
of adjusting the valve to the facings, by means of a screw and internal spring,
to render such adjustment slightly elastic, by means of which improvements
the wear of the sliding surfaces is much diminished, and an easier and more
smooth action of the eccentrics is effected.
AN IMPROVED GAS BURNING AND LIGHTING APPA- BATUS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Desmet Séaut at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd April 1859.
I, JOSEPH DESMET SEAUT, of Mons, in the Kingdom of Belgium, and
4, South St., Finsbury, London, Mechanician, do hereby declare the nature
of tho said Invention of "AN IMPROVED GAS BURNING AND LIGHTING APPA-
BATUS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention consists in a peculiar arrangement of apparatus having
rotatory burners suitable for ordinary and ornamental gas-lighting purposes.
The apparatus consists of a closed cup or vessel of glass, or of other suitable
material, within which a recipient is fixed containing water for purifying the
gas on its passage from the main through suitable openings in a supply pipe
to a rotating pipe, which is partly immersed in water. This latter pipe turns
on a pivot, and is caused to rotate by the pressure of the gas on its passage
through it, and communicates such rotatory motion to the branches or
burners in communication with it, and which may be arranged in a spiral or
other form.
AN APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING CIGARS & TOBACCO
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Walkland at the Office of
the Commissioners. of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st January
1859.
I, JAMES WALKLAND, of Green Lane, Sheffield, in the County of York,
Silver Piercer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING CIGARS & TOBACCO," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to a portable metallic box or case, adapted for the use
of smokers; it is formed with indentations for the reception of any desired
number of small wafers of suitable material steeped in a solution of nitre, or
other salt that will render them combustible without causing them to be
explosive or susceptible of bursting into flame. In the centre of each wafer
is a hole, bushed with a detonating compound, and in the centre of the receiver
or indentation in the case is a corresponding hole, and through these holes a
small rod or needle is drawn to produce ignition by friction.
The case, which may be constructed in a variety of forms, retains the wafers
in position while. being used; when used, they may be removed by the friction
rod or needle and replaced by fresh ones.
AN IMPROVED MANURE
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by André Jacques Amand Gautier,
Jean Gilbert Dumay, and Jean Theodore Persin at the Office of the
Commissioners-of-Patents, with their Petition, on the 21st January
1859.
I, ANDRÉ JACQUES AMAND GAUTIER, JEAN GILBERT DUNAY, JEAN THEO--
DORE PERSIN, of Paris, France, Gentlemen, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED MANURE," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists in mixing intimately with guano suitable quantities
of peat, either in the dry or humid state, with or without the addition of other
fertilizing substances, and thus forming a complete manure possessed of the
qualities of ordinary farmyard manure.
NEW MACHINERY FOR PRIMING PERCUSSION CAPS, WITHOUT DANGER OF EXPLOSION; ALSO A NEW FULMINATE NOT HITHERTO EMPLOYED
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Germain Canouil at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th October
1859.
1, GERMAIN CANOUIL, of 93, Curtain Road, Shoreditch, in the County of
Middlesex, Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
NEW MACHINERY FOR PRIMING PERCUSSION CAPS, WITHOUT DANGER OF EXPLOSION;
ALSO A NEW FULMINATE NOT HITHERTO EMPLOYED," to be as follows:-
My Invention for the preparation of a new fulminate for priming percussion
caps, and the machinery for manufacturing the same, consists of a mixture of
chlorate of potash, with the prussiates, solubles or unsolubles, the hyposul-
phites, the hypophosphites, the phosphures, and amorphus phosphore alone or
combined. These compounds being of a dangerous character when treated in
a dry state I have invented a machine by which all danger is avoided. It
consists of as many steel pins flattened at the end as I intend of priming caps
at a time. I dip the said machine in the composition (which has previously
been reduced into a pasty or semi-liquid state) and then introduce it in the
caps by one single operation. Those caps thus primed with the said semi-
liquid composition are then carried into a warm room to dry. The said
machine can also be employed with any other fulminate to the effect of
avoiding all danger of explosion.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DUSTING VINES, HOPS, AND OTHER PLANTS AND TREES WITH SULPHUR AND OTHER POWDER
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Sutton Harvey at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd August 1859.
I, RICHARD SUTTON HARVEY, of Lincoln, do hereby declare the nature of
the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DUSTING VINES, HOPS,
AND OTHER PLANTS AND TREES WITH SULPHUR AND OTHER POWDER," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in apparatus for dusting
vines, hops, and other plants and trees with sulphur and other powder. For
these purposes the apparatus is combined in the following manner. It is
arranged in a portable form and suitable for being carried and actuated by the
user; it consists of a rotatory blower, such as has heretofore been used in fumi-
gating with tobacco and other vapour, with which blower apparatus is combined,
in order to introduce the sulphur or other powder into the spout or other
suitable part of the blower, in order that the powder may be carried forward
by the blast, and thrown on or against a vine tree or plant, as is required:
For the purpose of keeping up a supply of the powder, it is preferred to apply
a cylindrical chamber forward of the blower, having within it a circular brush
fixed on the axis of the driving wheel or pulley, which, by a band or otherwise,
gives motion to the axis of the rotatory fan or blower. The sulphur or other
powder is introduced into a suitable air-tight chamber in connection with that
in which the rotatory brush is contained, so that there may be a constant, and, if
desired, a regulated supply of powder into the chamber containing the rotatory

page_text: brush. The brush carries the supply of powder up towards the spout through
which the blast of air is forced by the blower or fan, and it projects the powder
into the spout and diffuses it therein by the bristles thereof being bent by
passing against a fixed brush or instrument, so that the bristles in assuming
their radial position spring out, and thus throw the powder which is amongst
them into the streams of air passing through the spout; the powder is then
carried forward through the spout and projected out from the end thereof.
For facilitating the distribution of the powder at a distance, and in varied
directions, an additional length of tubing is sometimes applied at the end of
the ordinary spout of the blower, and a flexible tube of gutta percha or
other material may be interposed between such additional tube and the
ordinary spout, in order that the mouth from which the powder is delivered
may with facility be moved in various directions. The apparatus above
described for supplying the powder into the blowing apparatus may be varied.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WASHING, WRINGING, AND MANGLING
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Corless at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st September
1859.
I, HENRY CORLESS, of West Derby, in the County of Lancaster, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR WASHING, WRINGING, AND MANGLING," to be as follows:-
In one method of carrying out the first part of these improvements, I
employ a tub or vessel similar to the ordinary "dolly" or "peggy" tub, in
the centre of which is an upright wooden spindle with horizontal arms, fur-
nished with small blunt pegs or projections. This spindle is supported in
suitable bearings at top and bottom, and is caused to revolve partially by a
pair of bevil wheels turned by a winch handle. The winch handle is con-
nected to a small crank, which is attached by a link to a lever on the end of
the shaft which carries the first bevil wheel, so that, as the winch handle is.
turned, an alternate circular motion is given to the upright spindle..
In a second modification of this part of my Invention, the upright spindle
is provided with an open frame or "sash," in which the articles to be washed
are placed. The upper end of the spindle is furnished with a spur pinion.
gearing with two similar wheels, having teeth on only half their diameter..
These wheels are connected to a winch handle, and so arranged that, upon.
turning the said handle, one wheel turns the spindle and frame a portion of a
revolution in one direction, and the other wheel then turns them a portion of
a revolution in the reverse direction, so as to give the spindle and frame a

page_text: reciprocating rotary motion, or the spindle may be made to make a complete
revolution or more in each direction.
A third arrangement consists in using the tub, spindle, arms, and pegs as in
the first described method, but instead of applying the bevil wheels and winch
handle, the upper part of the spindle has a hole through it in which a cross
handle is inserted, and the spindle is turned to and fro by hand like the
ordinary "dolly." I would here remark, that it will be evident that either
form of "dolly" or frame for holding the articles to be washed may be used in
any of these modifications.
In the first two modifications I propose to have a portion of the lid or cover
to the tub loose, so that it may be removed and replaced at pleasure; and in
the third modification the whole of the cover may be loose. The improvement
in wringing apparatus consists in employing a screw or other press instead of
the rollers ordinarily used for that purpose. And the improvement in
mangling apparatus consists in the employment of a pair of rollers made of
slate, earthenware, lava, or glass, instead of the wooden rollers heretofore
used.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Johnson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th November
1859. A communication from abroad by George Mill, of Toronto,
Canada West.
I, WILLIAM JOHNSON, of 47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the County of
Middlesex, and of 166, Buchanan Street, in the City of Glasgow, North
Britain, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS BURNERS," (a communication from abroad by George
Mill, of Toronto, Canada West,) to be as follows, that is to say: -
This Invention relates to the arrangement and construction of gas burners
as used for illuminating and beating purposes, for the purpose of economising
the consumption of gas, and producing a flame or light of superior brilliancy.
The new and improved gas burner is intended to be fitted up and used in
conjunction with the ordinary burners as at present in use. It consists of a
tubular cap of thin cast iron or other metal, having a wide internal diameter
so as to fit by its open lower end upon or over an existing burner. The top of
the burner is in the form of a solid convex end, through which a vertical slit
is sawn to form the actual burner's aperture for the gas, and produce a thin
broad flat flame.
When such a tubular cap is fitted upon or over an ordinary burner, the gas
issuing from such burner is received into the enlarged reservoir of the tubular
cap, and it thence passes slowly off through the burner slit. The reservoir inter-
vening between the common burner beneath and the burner slit in the top of

page_text: the cap above acts as a pressure regulator to prevent flickering and inordinate
forcing of the gas, whilst the broad flat flame insures the production of a
brilliant light, and gas is thus economised as considered with regard to the
superiority of the light. The burners or tubular cap pieces may be made in
various ways and of various metals, but they are preferred to be turned and
bored out of cast-iron cylinders, so as to be very thin and yet be strong, and
refractory as regards the action of the gas and flame, and cheap.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN ENDLESS CHAIN PROPELLERS FOR BOATS AND OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th
March 1859. A communication from Anson Wolcott, of New York.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN ENDLESS CHAIN PROPELLERS FOR
BOATS AND OTHER VESSELS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in attaching the chains to the buckets of endless chain
propellers at points in or nearly in lines passing longitudinally or horizontally
through the centres of the faces of the buckets, and in bracing the so attached
buckets to the links of the chains by diagonal braces attached to opposite sides of
the buckets and on opposite sides of such central lines. The chains, of which
there may be a single one or two or more, are arranged side by side. The links
of the chains pass right through the buckets at points in lines passing longitudinally
or horizontally through their centres, and are only secured to the buckets by
diagonal braces, which are applied two to each side of each bracket, viz., one on
cach side of the longitudinal central line, but instead of passing right through
the buckets, the chains may be connected with cach side thereof. The braces
may be attached to the buckets and to the chains by bolts and nuts or any other
secure means. There are two wheels for each chain, and on which the chains
are mounted and revolve. The wheels have forks at the extremities of their
arms to receive and lock into or between the links of the chains, which may be
composed of short links, but as the links included in one set of four diagonal
braces would in that case be held in line with each other by these braces, the

page_text: chains might as well or better be constructed of a series of links long enough
to extend from the extremities of a pair of braces on one side to the extremities
of the corresponding pair on the opposite side, with interposed short links to
enter the forks of the wheel arms. Instead of uniting the chains with the
operative portions of the faces of the buckets, that is to say, between their
ends, they may be attached to or outside of the ends of the buckets, but always
at points in lines passing longitudinally through their centres, be the form of
the bucket what it may. By uniting the chains with the buckets in lines
passing longitudinally through their centres, the floats that are at any time on
the lower portion of the chain submerged in the water have an equal area
presented above and below the points of their attachment to the chains, and
hence in their pressure against the water they are balanced, and are not
subjected to the same kind of strain, tending to tear them from the chains, as
they would be if otherwise arranged relatively to the said chains, and by the
employment of the diagonal braces in combination with the so arranged
buckets, it is believed that an endless chain propeller of greater strength than
any heretofore constructed is obtained.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN WRITING MATERIALS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John George Taylor at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st September
1859.
I, JOHN GEORGE TAYLOR, of Paris, and Glasgow, in the County of Lanark,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN WRITING MATERIALS, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF," to be as
follows:-
My Invention consists, first, in improvements in shaping and cutting conical
penholders in wood and other materials, which I do by means of a spring
circular saw, and a graduated cutter, which cutter, by inserting suitable
moveable slides, will cut penholders of different sizes, and by this arrangement
wood cones for other purposes may be made..
Secondly, in making quill or other pens magnetic, which I do by twisting
a piece of twisted zinc and copper wire round the face of the pen nib eight or
nine times, or more or less.
Thirdly, in improvements in the manufacture of pneumatic inkstands, in
the application of plungers of divers forms in connection with fixed, sliding, or
rotating covers of dipping cups; also in the employment of double and single
front levers for depressing dipping cups, and in the application of dipping cups
the tubes of which are globe-shaped, and the boles at the extremity of the
said globe-shaped tubes are very small. In all these forms the pressure is
upon two or more elastic diaphragms.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING EGGS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Dreyfous, Guy Richer,
and Edouard Cormier at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 26th March 1859.
We, SAMUEL DREYFOUS, GUY RICHER, Civil Engineers, and EDOUARD
CORMIER, Merchant, all of Paris (France), do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESERVING EGGS," to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to a method for preserving eggs in a sufficiently
fresh state for a much longer period than could be obtained by any of the
methods hitherto known. They consist in introducing the eggs in boxes
moulded of plaster of Paris, or made of any other suitable material, allowing
them to be hermetically sealed, in the interior of which boxes the eggs, previously
wrapped in paper or any other suitable material, are provided all round them
with a sufficiently thick layer of charcoal powder, and arranged in one or more
layers in such manner as not to touch each other, and to keep them in a firm
position after the box has been hermetically sealed.
AN IMPROVED FASTENER FOR GLOVES AND OTHER ARTICLES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Gammon at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th Decem-
ber 1859.
I, CHARLES GAMMON, of No. 9, Cloak Lane, in the City of London,
Solicitor, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED FASTENER FOR GLOVES AND OTHER ARTICLES," to be as follows, and
consists of two metallic slips; one end of each of these slips is perforated,
and, either by means of thread or an eyelet, is fastened to each lappet of the
glove. The other end of each of the slips is of a T-form, one of them, how-
ever, having a portion of its extremity turned back, so as to form two hooks
or catches; into these hooks the cross or T-piece of the other slip slides, and
in such a way that if pulled apart they hold each other firm, and when pressed
towards each other they become detached.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES FOR LOOMS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Jackson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd March
1859.
I, WILLIAM JACKSON, of Colne, in the County of Lancaster, Shuttle
Tongue Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES FOR LOOMS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in a method of constructing the shuttle so as to
prevent the cop from flying off. For this purpose I construct the tongue of
tempered steel, and adapt it so as to be fast at both ends upon the shuttle
peg.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PRESERVING LIFE, APPLI- CABLE TO GARMENTS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Pomeroy Dodge at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th October
1859. A communication to me from abroad by Holman J. Hale, of
New York, in the United States of America.
I, GEORGE POMEROY DODGE, of 44, St. Paul's Churchyard, in the City of
London, Merchant and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PRESERVING LIFE, APPLI-
CABLE TO GARMENTS," a communication from abroad by Holman J. Hale, of
New York, in the United States of America, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the application to garments and particularly to
waistcoats and coats of an inflatable lining or bag of air-proof material; this
lining, when not desired to be used, is not perceptible, but when desired,.can
be inflated by means of a suitable valve so as to give the required degree of
buoyancy. The lining or apparatus may be readily detached from one garment
and applied to another when desired.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YEAST
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Victor Tomell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th September
1859.
I, VICTOR TOMELL, of 294, Kings Road, Chelsea, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF YEAST," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to manufacture yeast in such a manner
that it shall keep and be fit for use for a considerable length of time, and is
effected in the following manner:-In the season when grapes are pressed
and the wine cider is put into casks, on the second day it begins to ferment,
and as soon as the froth which overflows begins to get clear, it is to bo
gathered into a wooden bowl, and strained through a seive; it is then to bo
poured from one bowl to another until it becomes a complete froth, when it is
to be mixed with millet flour to the consistency of dough and dried, ono
pound of this composition making about eiglit pounds of yeast, as follows:-
Place into a large earthen pot several pounds of the above-named substance, and
dissolve it in boiled barley and hop water, expressly prepared for that purpose,
at the same timo add a portion of millet flour, then let it rise, after which
it must be poured into a trough and made dough of; the mixing of the
dough must not be done by hand, by with a large wooden spoon. To form
this into cakes, take with a small wooden spoon sufficient to make a single
cake, which must be rounded with the hands very hastily, and placed on a
form or other suitable place one after another, then left for some time to

page_text: rise, after which they are placed in the fresh air or a current of air until
perfectly dry, when if kept in a dry place they will be fit for use from fifteen
to eighteen months after.
AN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE HARDENING OF SAWS AND STEEL PLATES GENERALLY
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Seth Ward at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st October
1859.
I, SETH WARD, of 8, Stanley Place, Stanley Street, Pimlico, in the County
of Middlesex, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN THE HARDENING OF SAWS AND STEEL PLATES
GENERALLY," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in placing two metallic disks or plates furnished with
ribs or other projections sharpened to a feather-edge on two iron pins, so that
when the faces of the ribs or projections are brought together by means of a
screw and nut, they will retain in its proper position and straighten any saw or
other plate of steel which has been heated and placed between them, and
prevent the same from warping or bending when the whole apparatus is
immersed in the hardening liquid, which, however, is not prevented from having
free access to every part of the saw or steel.
IMPROVED MEANS FOR OBTAINING SUBMARINE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Lindley John Higham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th January 1859.
I, LINDLEY JOHN HIGHAM, late of New York, in the United States of
America, but now residing at Edmund Place, in the City of London,
Mechanic, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
MEANS FOR OBTAINING SUBMARINE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION," to be as follows:-
One of the great difficulties that has hitherto attended the securing of
submarine electrical conduction has arisen from the straining of the cable, and
the consequent displacement of the gutta percha or insulating coating; to
prevent this, I propose to employ as a protection to the insulated wire a
jointed case, in which the wire is to be placed, and which is to form a
permanent shield thereto. This protecting case I form of base plates or
troughs of any given length (suitable for winding round a barrel like the links
of a chain), and these I connect together by hinges or links in such a manner
that they will be capable of sustaining any given strain during the paying-out
operation, and over these plates or troughs I place semi-tubular or other
suitably shaped caps or covers for securing the insulated medium within the
jointed casing. By this means it will be seen that I relieve the covered
conducting wires of all risk of injury during the submerging process.
MENT IN NON-CONDENCING STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Worssam at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th October
1859.
I, GEORGE WORSSAM, of 3, Oakeley Crescent, City Road, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENT IN NON-CONDENCING STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
A being the steam pipe from a boiler to slide jacket B of small cylinder;
D is the small cylinder; E the exhaust pipe from small cylinder, and supply
pipe the large cylinder; G is the large cylinder; H the exhaust pipe from
large cylinder; I the piston of small cylinder, which is forced up and down by
steam from a boiler; J, the piston of large cylinder, which is forced up and
down by the exhaust steam from small cylinder D.
My improvement consists in the application of the steam by useing two
cylinders, one large and one small, one without the use of air-pump or con-
denser, by the steam from the boiler first passing into the small cylinder, and
after performing its duty therein exhausts into the large cylinder, and there
performs a second duty before being allowed to escape, by which I gain a con-
siderable advantage over engines in present use. And although I have shewen
in my Drawing the cylinders vertically, I intend to place some horizontally,
and at all angles, and with the cylinders cast together or detached, as the case
may require. I also intend them for stationary engines, boat engines, or loco-
motive engines, in all cases useing the steam in two cylinders, as shewen in
my Drawing, as that is the principle on which my improvement is founded.

page_text: B. Slide Jacket of small Cylinder
D. Small Cylinder
E.Exhaust pipe from small Cylinder and supply
pipe to large cylinder.
G. Large Cylinder
II. Exhaust pipe from large Cylinder
I. Piston in small Cylinder which is forced up and
down by the steam from a Boiler.
J. Piston in large Cylinder which, is forced up and
down by the exhaust steam from the small
Cylinder.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING SOLID, HOLLOW, AND PERFORATED BRICKS; ALSO TILES, DRAIN AND SOCKET PIPES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Kennedy Geyelin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
September 1859.
I, GEORGE KENNEDY GEYELIN, Civil Engineer, of 462, Oxford Street, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING SOLID, HOLLOW, AND PERFORATED
BRICKS; ALSO TILES, DRAIN AND SOCKET PIPES," to be as follows:-
This machine consists of a single-threaded screw, of one revolution or more,
over the die box, and to obtain greater power of feed I use either a fixed
accumulator or a reversed pug mill motion above the screw. By this con-
struction enormous and continuous compressing power is obtained, and dies
can be fixed on five sides of the die box. I claim also the mode of making
socket pipes without a moveable platform, by merely using moulds which
preserve the form of the pipe in its descent.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF OBTAINING PRINTING PLATES FROM COLLODION PICTURES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benoit Saillard at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th February
1859.
I, BENOIT SAILLARD, of Lamb's Conduit Street, in the County of Middlesex,
Electrotyper, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MODE OF OBTAINING PRINTING PLATES FROM COLLODION PICTURES," to be
as follows:-
This Invention relates to the obtaining, by the aid of the electrotype
process, metal printing plates from collodion pictures. To secure this result
I take a plate of glass of the size of the drawing or other delineation to be
reproduced in copper or other metal, and cover it with collodion in the
ordinary manner; or I take a plate prepared with dry collodion, and covered
with albumen or other suitable substance. Over this film of collodion I place
the negative or positive of the drawing to be reproduced, and expose the
covered plate to the action of the light. The collodion picture thus obtained
I place in a solution of pyrogallic or gallic acid, to which nitrate of silver
dissolved in distilled water has been added. In this bath the plate is allowed
to remain until the picture has become sufficiently developed, after which I
fix the photographic image by means of a solution of hyposulphite of soda
or cyanide of potassium, as ordinarily practised in photography. I next wash.
the film carefully, and put it aside to dry. I then cover it with a saturated 1
solution of bichloride of mercury, and, after draining off the solution, wash.
the plate with a weak solution of bichromate of potash, and subsequently with.
distilled water; when dry, the design will appear on the glass plate-in relief.

page_text: As a protection thereto I find it convenient to coat the design with photo-
graphic varnish, but this will in a measure detract from the sharpness of the
plate ultimately obtained. I next submit the design, drawing, or picture to
the electrotype process for the purpose of throwing down copper or other
metal thereon by electro-deposition, and I thus obtain a reproduction in
metal suitable for yielding impressions in ink of the raised picture or design
produced upon the glass.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS, AND IN PROJECTILES TO BE USED THEREWITH
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Russell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th June
1859.
I, SAMUEL RUSSELL, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS, AND IN PROJECTILES TO BE USED THEREWITH," to be
as follows:
This Invention consists of a new arrangement of chambers to hold the
cartridges, and the more easy and efficient manner of bringing each chamber
to the rear of the barrel. In lieu of the cylindrical chamber piece at present
in use, I employ a flat piece of metal, having the chambers bored therein by
the side of each other, and parallel thereto, or a series of short barrel pieces
may be hard soldered together and breeched in the ordinary way. This piece
(or pieces) is caused to slide from left to right, or vice versâ, at intervals, so
that after one chamber is discharged the next one will take its place, and
cannot pass the breech end of the barrel, as beneath each chamber is a spring
stop for the purpose of preventing it. The breech end of the barrel is slightly
tapered, and is made in two parts with a male and female screw; a handle is
placed on the barrel of the gun, which turns the barrel partly round, thus
taking the tapered end out of one chamber (after discharging) until the next
chamber presents itself, when by turning the handle the reverse way, the

page_text: tapered end of the barrel is forced firmly into or against the front of the
chamber, thereby preventing windage; this part of my Invention being alike
applicable to the revolving guns and pistols at present in use. At the back of
each chamber is inserted a nipple already capped, so that, after discharging
the whole of the chambers, the piece containing them can be removed for
reloading, or another set of chambers, already loaded and capped, can be
substituted in its place. The projectiles referred to are cast with a felted
belt around them at the time of moulding, and prevent the leading of the
barrels, at the same time lubricating them.
AN IMPROVED ATMOSPHERIC AND HYDRAULIC ENGINE FOR SAILING AND STEAM VESSELS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Crispin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th February 1859.
I, WILLIAM HENRY CRISPIN, of Marsh Gate Lane, Stratford, in the County
of Essex, Copper Smelter, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED ATMOSPHERIC AND HYDRAULIC ENGINE FOR SAILING AND STEAM
VESSELS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improved methods of obtaining power, and
of applying the same to various purposes for which it may be required in
sailing or steam vessels.
The elemental power is obtained by the oscillation of a pendulum, the
vibration whereof is caused by the motion of the ship; suitable arrangements
of wheelwork or other necessary contrivances and combinations of machinery
being actuated by the pendulum when in oscillation. The motive power
having been thus obtained, it may be applied in a direct manner, or may be
used for the condensation or exhaustion of atmospheric air, or for the working
of hydraulic arrangements.
This Invention may be used for obtaining auxiliary power to be employed
in the assistance of the ordinary steam engines for working the ships' pumps,
for signal apparatus, for the purposes of ventilation, for hoisting, and for a
variety of other purposes for which power is needed.
One great advantage in the use of this Invention will be its great economy,
inasmuch as when the machinery is once erected it is self-acting, all the power
being derived, in the first instance, from the ordinary motions of the ship.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND CUTTLING COTTON WARPS AFTER BEING DYED OR SIZED, OR AFTER ANY OTHER PROCESS OF WETTING, AND WHEN QUICK DRYING IS REQUIRED
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Isaac Robson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st July
1859.
I, ISAAC ROBSON, of Dalton, near Huddersfield, in the County of York,
Dyer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND CUTTLING COTTON WARPS AFTER BEING
DYED OR SIZED, OR AFTER ANY OTHER PROCESS OF WETTING, AND WHEN QUICK DRYING
IS REQUIRED," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the construction of a machine composed of a
series of rollers which may be placed either at the top and bottom of the
machine or at each end of it, and fixed in a chamber or enclosed space through
which a current of hot air is forced by a fan or other suitable means. The
rollers are so arranged that the warps in passing through the machine will be
exposed to a free current of air, and in order to prevent entanglement and the
risk of breakage, I employ two endless webs of netting or other open fabric
to pass over the whole set of rollers, which nets are so contrived that the warps
can be admitted between them at one end of the machine, and after travelling
together through it, they may be delivered at either end according to circum-
stances. The hot air may be produced by any of the ordinary methods. The
warps are taken from the machine by a cuttling apparatus to which a traverse
motion is given, thus cuttling or folding them in a lateral or sidewise direction
as well as in the backward and forward manner heretofore adopted.
THE MANUFACTURE OF A NEW MATERIAL FROM SPANISH Moss, APPLICABLE AS A SUB- STITUTE FOR HORSE-HAIR
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Ashfield Church Hope at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
August 1859. A communication from abroad by William Amos Scar-
brough Westoby, of No. 45, Rue Taitbout, Paris, France, Gentleman.
I, ASHFIELD CHURCH HOгE, of 60, Cornhill, in the City of London,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE
MANUFACTURE OF A NEW MATERIAL FROM SPANISH Moss, APPLICABLE AS A SUB-
STITUTE FOR HORSE-HAIR," communicated to me by William Amos Scarbrough
Westoby, of No. 45, Rue Taitbout, Paris, Gentleman, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture or preparation of a certain
fibrous vegetable substance known in England as Spanish moss, and in France
as Barbe Espagnol, and consists in the use and employment of the same as a
substitute for horse-hair in the manufacture of certain articles of upholstery,
bedding, and for other purposes for which horse-hair is now used. The afore-
said Spanish moss is found principally in the tropical regions of North and
South America, and before being exported from those parts is prepared some-
what after the manner of flax, and arrives in this country in a fibrous state.
I prefer to use it in this state, as it is freed from pieces of bark, wood, and
other impurities which it contains when in the raw state. I propose to operate
upon the prepared moss in the following manner, that is to say:-I first dye
the same of a deep black color by any of the known means of dyeing, and
when thoroughly dry, I operate upon it in a carding engine or machine, for

page_text: the
purpose of drawing out the fibres of the material without breaking them,
so as to produce a uniform sliver. This sliver is then to be 'twisted, which
may be effected after the manner practised by rope makers, in order to give
the requisite curl to the fibres. The material thus manufactured is ready
for use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSURE REGULATING APPARATUS FOR GAS BURNERS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Dickson Hart at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
October 1859.
I, WILLIAM DICKSON HART, of Edinburgh, in the County of Mid Lothian,
North Britain, Philosophical Instrument Maker, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRESSURE REGULATING APPARATUS
FOR GAS BURNERS," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the arrangement and construction of the sockets
or holders in which gas burners are set, and which sockets, in conjunction
with the burners themselves, are so contrived as to regulate the flow or supply
of gas to the point or surface of combustion. The improved sockets are
moulded or cast to the required or approximate form in tin, an alloy of tin,
regulus of antimony, or other suitable metal or alloy capable of being easily
fused. In casting the sockets core pieces or internal mandrils are used to form
the bore of the socket, the aperture regulating the supply of the gas
being either bored out or actually cast. Any ordinary gas burners are
fitted into the sockets, and in each case a space is left between the bottom of
the burner and the bottom of the wide recess of the socket, in which a piece
of wire gauze or metallic packing, asbestos, or other permeable material is
deposited, or it may be inserted in the burner itself. The gas enters the
socket from the supplying pipe through a comparatively small aperture or
apertures leading into the space containing the permeable material.
In this arrangement the varying pressure of the gas is equalized by causing
it to flow first through a comparatively small aperture or avertures into an

page_text: enlarged chamber containing a permeable material, and thence directly up the
burner, and all fluctuations are avoided, and the gas flame burns steadily and
brightly, whilst the gas is greatly economised.
IMPROVE- MENTS APPLICABLE TO SCREW PROPELLERS IN THE PROPULSION OF VESSELS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Todd at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th September
1859.
I, JOHN TODD, of Kent Iron Works, Greenwich, in the County of Kent,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS APPLICABLE TO SCREW PROPELLERS IN THE PROPULSION OF VESSELS," to be
as follows:-
My improvement consists in the application of a guard to protect the pro-
peller, which consists of semicircular pieces of iron placed on each side of the
dead wood, so as to encircle the propeller, and extend to about the length of
the propeller hole in the dead wood; or it may be applied in the form of two
quadrants encircling the upper half of the propeller only. I form this circular
shield either parallel fore & aft, or it may be bell-mouthed, or otherwise
inclined to facilitate the extrance of the water to the propeller, or its escape
from it. Besides, being itself strongly and suitably secured to the dead wood,
I stay it by means of stay rods leading forwards, and either fixed in the run of
the ship, or to a curved arm projecting therefrom, whereby the stay rods may
be kept parallel with the line of the vessel's motion. I also arrange these stay
rods so that they form a kind of grating, which freely admits the water to the
propeller, but which, with the shield, prevents any spars, wreck, or matters
passing to it that would be liable to derange its action. The circular shield,
besides protecting the propeller, also increases its effect of propulsion, and if of
sufficient strength, will protect the propeller from shot.
IMPROVEMENT IN PURIFYING GAS AND SAVING OF LINE IN THE SAID PURIFYING
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Kenworthy at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st July 1859.
I, WILLAM EDWARD KENWORTHY, of Water Lane, Leeds, in the County of
York, Agricultural Chemist and Shoddy Merchant, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENT IN PURIFYING GAS AND SAVING
OF LINE IN THE SAID PURIFYING," to be as follows:-
My improvement in purifying gas consists in the use of flue dust or fine
ashes mixed with sulphuric acid, and used in the manner of hydrate of lime.
I place this at the bottom layer, or on the bottom shelf of the purifier, and
make use of the hydrate of lime, as otherwise usual. The purifier and the
method of using it for purifying gas may be the same as in ordinary, with the
exception of the addition of the matters above-mentioned, whereby a great
saving in the hydrate of lime is effected.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAISING AND LOWERING BOATS AND OTHER VESSELS FROM ONE WATER LEVEL TO ANOTHER, APPLI- CABLE IN INLAND NAVIGATION
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Addenbrooke at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 26th Sep-
tember 1859.
I, GEORGE ADDENBROOKE, of Greenhill, Wimbourn, Wolverhampton, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAISING AND
LOWERING BOATS AND OTHER VESSELS FROM ONE WATER LEVEL TO ANOTHER, APPLI-
CABLE IN INLAND NAVIGATION," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in raising and lowering
boats and other vessels, applicable in inland navigation. For these purposes,
in place of using locks on inland waters in order to the passage of boats
and other vessels from one level to another, upright shafts containing water
are used, so constructed and arranged that in each shaft a close hollow vessel
(suitable for receiving and floating within it boats or other vessels), may when
it is desired to pass a boat or vessel from a lower to a higher level, be caused
to rise by its buoyancy from the bottom of the shaft to the top thereof, and be
caused to descend or to sink in the shaft when it is desired to pass a boat or
other vessel from a higher to a lower level. The vessel in which the canal, or
other boats or vessels are received and floated, is closed in at top, and capable
of being made air and water-tight in all parts, the ends being arranged to
open and closed, and to admit of the boats or other vessels floating into and out
therefrom when opened, and such vessel is also arranged to contain sufficient
water to float any boat or boats, and cargoes which may be contained therein,
and such closed vessel is also so constructed as to contain sufficient water

page_text: when at the higher level in addition to the boat or vessel floating therein, as
will make it specifically heavier than the water in the shaft, and consequently
cause it to descend or sink from the higher to the lower level, and in addition
to the moveable ends of the close vessel which rises and falls within the shaft,
provision is made for closing the lower part of the shaft so as to prevent water
passing therefrom to the lower level, and yet admit of the passage of the boats
or vessels brought down by the close vessel in the shaft.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR LIGHTHOUSE PURPOSES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Crane Wilkins at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th December 1859.
I, WILLIAM CRANE WILKINS, of Long Acre, in the County of Middlesex,
Lighthouse Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LAMPS FOR LIGHTHOUSE PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
The improvements consist in the method of forcing and regulating the oil
to the burner, which is effected by means of a leather plunger worked by a
weight instead of a spring, as is usual in lamps for lighthouse purposes, and
regulated by screw valve, and worked by rack and pinion constructed to be
put in and out of gear as may be required.
AN IMPROVED COUPLING JOINT FOR PIPES OR TUBES OF SOFT METAL, CAOUTCHOUC, GUTTA PERCHA, OR OTHER YIELDING MATTER
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Marc Antoine François Mennons,
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th October 1859.-A communication from Louis J. Marie, a person
residing in Paris.
I, MARC ANTOINE FRANÇOIS MENNONS, of the British and Foreign Patent
Offices, 39, Rue de l'Echiquier, Paris, in the Empire of France, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED COUPLING JOINT
FOR PIPES OR TUBES OF SOFT METAL, CAOUTCHOUC, GUTTA PERCHA, OR OTHER
YIELDING MATTER," (a communication,) to be as follows:-
The Invention, communicated to me, consists of an improved form of move-
able joint, for connecting tubes or pipes of lead, caoutchouc, gutta percha, or
other yielding metal or material. This joint is formed of a tubular cone in
metal, glass, or other matter, threaded at the base on the outside. The
extremity of the tube to be adapted being slightly opened out or widened, is
passed over this cone; a second conical piece is in its turn passed over the
tube and pressed home at the widened end, and the whole is secured by a
tapped nut or ferrule, which passing over all is firmly screwed down on the
thread at the base of the inner cone. It is needless to observe that these
joints may be made with any required number of branches or ways, according
to the purposes for which they are intended.