Improvements in Hoisting Apparatus.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Feb., 1897-Accepted, 12th June, 1897
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Hoisting Apparatus.
I, JOHN GEORGE SPEIDEL, of Reading in the County of Berks, and State of
Pennsylvania, United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The present invention relates to hoisting machinery, such as elevators, cranes,
windlasses, and pulley blocks, whether fixed or portable and the object of the
invention is to provide an improved hoisting apparatus of new and novel
construction.
A further object of the invention is to provide an automatic brake mechanism,
complete in itself, to instantly stop the operation of the apparatus in hoisting and
lowering by simply ceasing to operate the hand-chain sheave or wheel.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of my hoisting apparatus with hand chain and lift
chain partly broken away.
Fig. 2 is a section on the line - Fig. 1 looking in the direction indicated by
the arrow A, with all chains attached.
Fig. 3 is a section on the line y-y Fig. 1 looking in the direction indicated by
the arrow B with all chains attached.
Fig. 4 is a detached elevation of a pinion having its hub provided with square
and V threads.
Fig. 5 is an end elevation of a portable chain hoist with the lower book block
and chain complete.
Fig. 6 is a similar view of a modification.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view of a modification of the brake mechanism.
Fig. 8 is a similar view of a further modification.
Fig. 9 is a like view of a still further modification.
The same numeral references denote the same parts throughout the several
figures of the drawings.
The frame comprises oppositely-situated plate members 1, and 2, connected by
a bolt 3, having a distance sleeve 4, to fix the plates at a proper distance apart, and
a guide sheave 5, on the same bolt for a lift-chain 6. The center of the plates 1,
and 2, have an opening provided with bearings 7, and 8, for the main shaft 9,
which carries the hoisting sprocket wheel or drum 10 between the said bearings 7
and 8. This shaft 9 extends throughout the apparatus, and is without screw-
threads except at the end where it is provided with a nut 11, which engages the
hub 12 of the internally geared balance wheel 13, keyed to the said shaft 9.
A washer and a pin may be substituted for the screw and nut.
At the top of the frame is a cross-head 14 with a suspending hook 15 and at the
bottom of the frame there is a bolt 16, having a distance sleeve 17 to keep the
lower ends of the plates 1, and 2, fixed apart. One end of the lift chain 6 is
secured to the sleeve 17, and the latter has an upward projection or chain shield 18,
which extends upward between the flanges of the drum 10, and keeps the lift chain
hanging straight from the periphery of the drum and prevents the said wheel
from carrying the drive or lift chain entirely around, and thus block the operation
of the machine. Thus, it will be observed, that one end of the lift chain being
secured to the bolt 16, and the other end to the bolt 3, with the load intervening,
one-half of the latter is carried by this bolt 16.

page_text: 19 is a shaft extending through the bearings 20 in the plates 1, and 2, upon one
end of which is secured a pinion 21, meshing with the balance gear wheel 13 and
upon the other end is fixed a gear wheel 22; this shaft also holds the plates at a
proper distance apart at this point.
The gear 22 meshes with the pinion 23 upon a reduced portion of the shaft 9,
abutting against a shoulder 22ª, of the said shaft, said pinion having an integral
flange 24, and a hub provided with a coarse square screw-thread 25, and a
V thread 26, upon its outer end. These threads run in opposite directions that is,
when the square thread is right handed, the V thread should be left handed. Upon
the hub of the pinion 23 between the flange 21 and the thread 25 is left a cylindrical
surface 27 for antifriction rollers 28, housed in the hub of the brake wheel 29
having ratchet teeth 30. The wheel 29 has friction bearings 31 which project
beyond the sides of the wheel, the surface on one side engaging the flange 24, and
the surface on the other side is engaged by the inner face or hub 32 of the sprocket
wheel 33 carrying the hand-chain 34. It will be observed that the pinion, brake
wheel, and the hand wheel constitute the automatic brake complete in itself, and
applicable to various forms of hoisting apparatus. The outer face of the hub 32
has a circular cavity in which is fitted a screw-gland 35 held engaged with the
V thread 26 by a washer 36, and a pin 37, this form of hub end and gland forms a
perfect dust-guard for the square thread and the roller bearings in the brake wheel.
From the said hub cavity to its inner surface the hub has a square thread 38 which
meshes with the thread 25. A stud 39 is secured to the plate 1 above the brake
wheel 29, and carries a pawl 25, which permanently engages the teeth 30 of
said wheel.
It will be observed that the screwthread of the pinion and the like screwthread
of the hand wheel forms the coupling between the said wheel and pinion.
The hand chain guide consists of a head 40 loosely mounted upon the bearing 7
and has curved arms 41 diverging outwardly which are provided with wings 42
carrying guide eyes 43 for the hand chain below and opposite the periphery of the
hand chain wheel 33. The guide head has a curved slot 44 through which a set
bolt 45 extends into the plate 1. This set bolt is left loose to allow the chain guide
to swing or oscillate freely on its pivot when the hand chain below the guide eyes
is pulled away from vertical position, leaving the chain above the eyes in perfect
alignment with the periphery of the hand wheel thus necessarily avoiding friction
between the chain wheel. Should it be desired not to have the chain guide
oscillate, the set bolt has simply to be tightened which will fix the guide rigid
with the frame plate 1.
Referring to the modifications of brake mechanism as shown in Fig. 7 the
square thread is omitted from the hand chain wheel and from the hub of the pinion,
and in lieu thereof the hub of the hand wheel 46 forms one member 47 of a spiral
cam coupling and the other member 48, is formed by a washer screw-threaded into
the pinion hub 49 loosely mounted upon a shaft 50.
In Fig. 8 one spiral cam coupling member 51 is formed upon the inner hub face
of a hand chain wheel 52, and the other spiral coupling member 53 is formed by
the hub of a flange 54 keyed to the hub 55, of a pinion 56, loosely mounted upon
a shaft 57.
As shown in Fig. 9 the brake is used on a hoist with a single gear, a hand
crank 58 is substituted for the chain wheels herein before referred to on the shaft 59
at one end, and on the other end is secured a pinion 60. The hub of the crank 58
forming one spiral coupling member 61, and the other member 62 is formed by the
hub of a flange 61 loose on the said shaft.
By operating the chain wheel or crank in the foregoing described modifications
the same results are attained as by the brake mechanism first described in thi
specification, the operation of which as well as that of the whole hoisting apparatus
will now be set out: The wheel 33 being turned by pulling the hand chain 43
downwardly on the left of Fig. 2, will operate the square threaded portion of the
said wheel and the pinion 23, and draw the pinion with its flange 24 hard agaiust

page_text: the brake wheel 29, and cause the latter to make a frictional lock between
the hub 32 of the said wheel and the flange 24, and a continued like pull
on the hand chain will operate the gear wheel 23, turn the shaft 19 which
imparts motion to the wheel 13 through the pinion 21, and operates the lift
sheave or drum 10 to hoist a load. As soon as the pull on the hand shaft has
ceased, the wheel 33 will be checked and stopped by the pawl 25", engaging the
teeth 30 of the brake wheel 29 which completely stops the whole apparatus and
holds the load immovable vertically. To lower the load, the hand wheel is turne
to the right in Fig. 2, which operates the aforesaid threads and unlocks the brake
wheel from between the pinion flange and chain wheel hub, and by a continued turn
of the hand chain wheel in this direction the lowering operation of the apparatus is
completed.
Referring to the portable chain hoist shown in Fig. 5 the frame 70 carries a
balance wheel 71, upon a shaft 72. A supplemental shaft 73 carries a gear
wheel 74, meshing with a pinion on the shaft 72. A chain 75 carrying a pulley
block 76 having swivel hook 77 and a chain 75" act as hand and lift chains.
In Fig. 6 is an extended frame 79 to throw the suspending hook 78 off from the
central shaft 80. A pulley 81 is journaled in and stands out from the frame 79
over which pulley and a pulley 82 of hook block 83 the lift chain 84 passes. The
gearing of the hoisting apparatus is like that hereinbefore described.
I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself in the application of my
invention to any particular hoist, or to the specific construction of my automatic
brake.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination with a hoisting apparatus, of an automatic brake mechanism
comprising a pinion provided with an integral hub having a coupling end, a hand
wheel provided with an integral hub having a like coupling end, and a brake wheel
loosely mounted upon said pinion hub to make a frictional brake by locking the
said two hubs together, as set forth.
2. The combination with a hoisting apparatus, of an automatic brake mechanism,
comprising a pinicn provided with an integral hub having a coupling portion a
hand wheel mounted to turn on the pinion hub and having an integral hub provided
with a like coupling portion, and having the hub of the said pinion extending
therethrough, and a brake loosely mounted upon the pinion hub and adapted to
make a frictional brake between the wheel and pinion by locking the two said
coupling portions together, as set forth.
3. The combination with a drum and threadless shaft of an elevator apparatus,
a pinion turning and travelling on the shaft and having its hub formed into a
coupling member, a coupling member mounted upon the pinion hub and adapted to
lock with the latter, a brake wheel loosely mounted on said pinion hub, a
suitable gear from the pinion to the shaft to impart motion to the latter, as set
forth.
4. The combination with the lift drum, its threadless driving shaft, and shaft
gearing, of a pinion loosely turning and travelling upon the shaft, and having a
threaded hub and an integral flange, a drive wheel mounted on the pinion hub and
baving a thread meshing with the thread of the pinion whereby the wheel and
pinion are connected and locked together, and a friction brake wheel loosely
mounted upon the pinion hub and adapted to make a frictional brake between the
said pinion flange and wheel hub disc to impart motion to said gearing and shaft,
as set forth.
5. The combination with a portable hoist, of a frame in which the hoist mechanism
is secured, comprising side plates, a series of bearings secured in openings of the
plates at equal radial distance from the center of the plates, a shaft in certain of
Baid bearings, sleeves upon the bolts fixing the plates at proper distance apart, and

page_text: a head attached to the plates and carrying a hook for suspending the hoist, as set
. forth.
6. The combination in a portable hoist, a frame comprising side plates, bearings
contained in the plates at equal radial distance from the center of the frame, and
connected together by bolis, sleeves upon the bolts fixing the distance between the
plates, a lift drum upon the shaft between the plates and adapted to be revolved
inside of the said bolts, an automatic brake mechanism loosely mounted проп the
shaft, a pawl carried by one of the said plates and adapted to operate with the
brake mechanism, a shaft journaled in the frame plates and gears to impart motion
from the brake mechanism to the driving shaft, as set forth.
7. The ecmbination with a hoisting machine, of a chain guide comprising a
slotted head loosely mounted upon the main shaft of the machine near its center
aud remote from the hand wheel of the machine, a set-screw passing through said
slot and extending into the frame, outwardly-diverging curved arms, wings
detachably secured to and extending at right angles from said arms, and
terminating at the periphery of the hand wheel, and eyes formed at the terminal
of the wings, whereby the eyes only are adjacent to said wheel, as set forth.
Dated this 16th day of February 1897.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.