Improvements in Spinning and Twisting Machines.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Spinning and Twisting Machines.
I, THOMAS ALEXANDER BOYD, of the Firm of J. & T. Boyd, Shettleston Iron
Works, Shettleston, in the County of Lanark, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in mechanism for driving, stopping and
starting spindles and feed rollers such as are used in spinning and twisting
machines.
I shall first describe improvements I have made in mechanism such as is shewn
and described in the Specification of Letters Patent No. 18920 of 1888.
In the arrangement therein described the spindle is stopped by slackening and
gripping the driving band. In my improved mechanism the same result is obtained
by slackening the driving band and braking the spindle. In accomplishing this
I employ an upright rod and weight lever with band guide pulley to slacken
the band. The upright rod and the spindle stool are however made without the
band gripping arrangement described and shewn in Patent No. 18920 of 1888.
Between the spindle wharve and the upright rod I centre on the spindle stool a
bell crank lever one end standing vertically and the other end horizontally and
projecting inwards towards the upright rod. Beneath the horizontal end of this
lever is a compressed spiral spring which presses the vertical end of the lever
against the spindle wharve, leather or other frictional material being fixed upon the
lever where the pressure on the wharve takes place. The vertical end of the crank
lever is formed with a bevel and a catch so that on the spindle being pushed down-
wards into its socket the vertical end of the crank lever is moved inwards by
the spindle wharve which gets locked as it passes beneath the catch. It will
thus be seen that the normal position of this bell crank, acted on by its spring,
is that of braking the spindle while the catch projecting over the top of, although
clear of, the wharve prevents the spindle from being drawn out of its socket when
a bobbin is being pulled off the spindle. The spindle may be taken out of its
socket by pressing the crank lever inwards until the catch is clear of and allows
the wharve to be drawn upwards. On the upright rod I form a snug projecting
over the top of the horizontal limb of the crank lever above described. This
snug is at such a height as, on the descent of the upright rod to its working posi-
tion, to engage with the crank lever and remove the brake clear of the wharve but
yet to leave the catch projecting sufficiently over the wharve so as to prevent the
spindle being drawn upwards. A set screw may, for better adjustment, be put
through the snug and made to engage with the crank lever. "It will thus be
understood that, on the detector mechanism acting, as when a thread fails, the
upright rod will ascend allowing the crank lever to brake and stop the spindle at

page_text: the same time lifting the top roller; while the descent of the band pulley will
slacken the band. The whole of the parts are brought into working position again
by the hand lever which acts on the upright rod. Another part of my invention
consists in the construction and mounting of the band pulleys used in the fore-
going arrangement. I make those pulleys each of two discs of sheet metal with
rims formed at their outer edges, the discs being held together by the webs which
are formed with perforations having dished or pressed up rims. These rims on
either or both of the discs pass through the perforations on the adjoining disc and
are folded over or flanged to bind together the two parts of the pulley. At the
centre of the pulley I fix by rivets or otherwise an axle. This axle projects in
both directions and with its pulley is mounted in a forked lever carrying a pair of
bushes in holes at the point of the fork. These bushes are held in their place
by set screws and may be adjusted so as to prevent end play of the band pulley.
At the outer end of each bush is an oil chamber in which a piece of wadding,
preferably a washer, may be inserted to encircle the axle for the purpose of
lubrication. The hole in the bush for the band pulley axle does not pass through
the bush but only into the oil chamber. Band pulleys made or mounted in the way
described may be used for tightening and guiding bands in other classes of
spinning and twisting machinery.
Another part of my invention consists of stop motion mechanism which is
operated by the worker only and which slackens the band, brakes the spindle and
lifts the top roller. In carrying out this arrangement I employ an upright rod
carrying at its upper end the top feed roller, a band tightening and slackening
lever and pulley, and a spindle brake and catch lever. The band slackening and
tightening lever and pulley and the spindle brake and catch lever are the same in
form and have the same functions as in the foregoing arrangement. The upright
rod at its lower end, where it engages with the band tightening and slackening
lever and the spindle brake and catch lever, is also the same as in the foregoing
arrangement. At its upper end there are no detectors and it is held in position and
operated in a different manner. On the top rail I fix a flat bracket with a gab at
its front end embracing the vertical portion of the upright rod. On the upright
rod is a horizontal limb which passes between two snugs on the flat bracket.
Between these snugs above the horizontal limb referred to I mount a tumbler
cam-shaped lever which is used to depress and hold in working position the upright
rod, spindle brake lever and band tightening lever. With this tumbler lever the
worker may at any time operate the stop motion. The tumbler lever may also be
used as a guide for the thread as it passes from the feed roller to the twisting
bobbin.
Another modification of my invention refers to stop motion mechanism which
is operated by the worker only and which brakes the spindle without slackening
the band and lifts the top feed roller. In carrying out this arrangement I prefer
to drive the spindles with double tin rollers as is usual in ring spinning frames. I
drive the tin rollers however each with a separate belt off the shafting. The
spindle is mounted in a stool on the spindle rail and in the stool behind the
spindle is mounted a bell crank lever which is formed so as to serve the purpose
of braking and holding down the spindle. This bell crank lever is pressed against
the spindle by means of a spring and is withdrawn from pressing when the spindle
is wanted to revolve. I employ an upright rod which carries at its upper forked
end in gabs a top roller which rests on and is driven by the under roller when
the upright rod is at its lowest point and which is held clear of the under roller,
when the upright rod is at its highest point. On the upper rail is a bracket having
a gab which embraces the upright rod and on this bracket are snugs, one at each
side of the gab. Those snugs have vertical slots open to the top. The upright
rod has a cross pin which enters and works freely up and down the slots thus
guiding and holding the upright rod in position at its upper end. On the cross pin
and within the slotted snugs is a tumbler cam-shaped lever which is used to lift

page_text: and lock
up
or lift and hold up temporarily the upright rod. This tumbler
lever may also be used as a guide for the thread as it passes from the feed roller to
the twisting spindle. At the lower end of the upright rod there is a foot with a
screwed hole. A set screw with a spiral spring on it passes through the horizontal
end of the bell crank brake and catch lever and is screwed into the foot of the
upright rod. When the upright rod is at its highest position with the top roller
lifted clear of the under roller this set screw is adjusted to press the spiral spring
against the bell crank brake lever just enough to brake and keep the spindle fron
revolving. When the upright rod is lowered the pressure of the spring is with-
drawn allowing the spindle to revolve. It will thus be seen that the worker, by
means of the tumbler cam-shaped lever, may, at will, raise the upright rod
thereby lifting the top roller and braking the spindle or vice versa. The vertical
end of the bell crank lever is bevelled and has a catch formed on it so that the
spindle when pressed down into its socket gets underneath, although clear of this
catch. By pushing back the catch against its spring, the worker may remove
the catch from the spindle and allow the spindle to be taken out of its socket.
J
1000
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spinning and Twisting Machines,
I, THOMAS ALEXANDER BOYD, of the Firm of J. & T. Boyd, Shettleston Iron
Works, Shettleston, in the County of Lanark, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement;-
My invention relates to improvements in mechanism for driving, stopping and
starting spindles and feed rollers such as are used in spinning and twisting
machines and which is shown on the accompanying sheets of drawings, Figs. 1, 2,
3, 4, 5 and 6.
I shall first describe the improvements shown at Fig. 1, which I have made in
mechanism such as is shown and described in the Specification of Letters Patent
No. 18,920 of 1888.
In the arrangement therein described the spindle is stopped by slackening and
gripping the driving band. In my improved mechanism the same result is
obtained by slackening the driving band and braking the spindle. In accom-
plishing this I employ an upright rod 1 and weight lever 2 with band guide
pulley to slacken the band 4. The upright rod 1 and the spindle stool 5 are
however made without the band gripping arrangement described and shown in
Patent No. 18,920 of 1888. Between the spindle wharve 6 and the upright rod 1,
I centre on the spindle stool a bell crank lever 7, one end standing vertically and
the other end horizontally and projecting inwards towards the upright rod. Beneath
the horizontal end of this lever is a compressed spiral spring 72 (shown half size,
Fig. 6) which presses the vertical end 71 of the lever 7 against the spindle wharve 6,
leather or other frictional material being fixed upon the lever where the pressure
on the wharve takes place. The vertical end 7 of the crank lever is formed
with a bevel and a catch so that on the spindle being pushed downwards into its
socket the vertical end of the crank lever 7 is moved inwards by the spindle
wharve 6, which gets locked as it passes beneath the catch. It will thus be seen

page_text: that the normal position of this bell crank 7 acted on by its spring, is that of
braking the spindle while the catch projecting over the top of, although clear of,
the wharve 6 prevents the spindle from being drawn out of its socket when a
bobbin is being pulled off the spindle. The spindle may be taken out of its
socket by pressing the crank lever inwards until the catch is clear of and allows
the wharve to be drawn upwards. On the upright rod 1, I form a snug 11 pro-
jecting over the top of the horizontal limb of the crank lever above described.
This snug 1 is at such a height as, on the descent of the upright rod 1 to its
working position, to engage with the crank lever 7 and remove the brake clear of
the wharve 6 but yet to leave the catch 71 projecting sufficiently over the wharve 6
so as to prevent the spindle being drawn upwards. A set screw may, for better
adjustment be put through the snug 11 and made to engage with the crank lever 7.
It will thus be understood that, on the detector mechanism acting as when a thread
fails, the upright rod 1 will ascend allowing the crank lever 7 to brake and stop the
spindle, at the same time lifting the top roller 8: while the descent of the band
pulley 3 will slacken the band. The whole of the parts are brought into working
position again by the hand lever 9 which acts on the upright rod 1.
Another part of my invention consists in the construction and mounting of the
band pulley used in the foregoing arrangement. I make those pulleys each of two
discs of sheet metal 31 and 32 (shown half size, Fig. 4) with rims formed at their
outer edges, the discs being held together by the webs which are formed with
perforations having dished or pressed up rims. These rims on either or both of the
discs pass through the perforations on the adjoining disc and are folded over or
flanged to bind together the two parts of the pulley. At the centre of the pulley,
1 fix by rivets or otherwise an axle 33, Fig. 5. This axle projects in both directions
and with its pulley is mounted in a forked lever 2, carrying a pair of bushes 2¹
and 22 (shown half size, Fig. 5) in holes at the point of the fork. These bushes are
held in their place by set screws and may be adjusted so as to prevent end play
of the band pulley 3. At the outer end of each bush is an oil chamber in which a
piece of wadding, preferably a washer, may be inserted to encircle the axle 33,
Fig. 5, for the purpose of lubrication. The hole in the bush for the band pulley
axle does not pass through the bush, but only into the oil chamber. Band pulleys
made or mounted in the way described may be used for tightening and guiding
bands in other classes of spinning and twisting machinery.
Another part of my invention shown in Fig. 2 consists of stop motion mechanism
which is operated by the worker only, and which slackens the band, brakes the
spindle and lifts the top roller. In carrying out this arrangement I employ
an upright rod 1, carrying at its upper end the top feed roller 8, a band tightening
and slackening lever 2 and pulley 3 and a spindle brake and catch lever 7. The
band slackening and tightening lever 2 and pulley 3 and the spindle brake and
catch lever 7 are the same in form and have the same functions as in the foregoing
arrangement. The upright rod 1 at its lower end where it engages with the
band tightening and slackening lever 2, and the spindle brake and catch lever 7
is also the same as in the foregoing arrangement. At its upper end there are no
detectors and it is held in position and operated in a different manner. On the
top rail I fix a flat bracket 10 with a gab at its front end embracing the vertical
portion of the upright rod 1. On the upright rod is a horizontal limb 13 which
passes between two snugs on the flat bracket 10. Between these snugs above
the horizontal limb 1° referred to, I mount a tumbler cam shaped lever 11 which
is used to depress and hold in working position the upright rod 1, spindle brake
lever and band tightening lever 2. With this tumbler lever the worker may at
any time operate the stop motion. The tumbler lever may be formed so as also to
be used as a guide for the thread as it passes from the feed roller to the twisting
bobbin.
Another modification of my invention shown in Fig. 3 refers to stop motion
mechanism which is operated by the worker only and which brakes the spindle
without slackening the band and lifts the top feed roller. In carrying out this

page_text: arrangement I prefer to drive the spindles with double tin rollers as is usual in
ring spinning frames. I drive the tin rollers, however, each with a separate
belt off the shafting. The spindle is mounted on a stool 12 on the spindle rail 13
and in the stool behind the spindle is mounted a bell crank lever 14 which is
formed so as to serve the purpose of braking and holding down the spindle. This
bell crank lever 14 is pressed against the spindle by means of a spring 15 and is
withdrawn from pressing when the spindle is wanted to revolve. I employ an
upright rod 16 which carries at its upper forked end in gabs a top roller 17 which
rests on and is driven by the under roller 18 when the upright rod is at its lowest
point and which is held clear of the under roller, when the upright rod is at its
highest point. On the upper rail 19 is a bracket 20 having a gab which embraces
the upright rod 16 and on this bracket are snugs, one at each side of the gab.
Those snugs have vertical slots open to the top. The upright rod has a cross
pin 16 which enters and works freely up and down the slots thus guiding and
holding the upright rod in position at its upper end. On the cross pin and within
the slotted snugs is a tumbler cam-shaped lever 21 which is used to lift and lock
up or lift and hold up temporarily the upright rod 16. This tumbler lever 21
may be formed as also to be used as a guide for the thread as it passes from the
feed roller to the twisting spindle. At the lower end of the upright rod there is
a foot 162 with a screwed hole. A set screw 22 with a spiral spring 15 on it
passes through the horizontal end of the bell crank brake-and-catch lever 14 and
is screwed into the foot 163 of the upright rod 16. When the upright rod 16 is at
its highest position with the top roller lifted clear of the under roller this set
screw 22 is adjusted to press the spiral spring 15 against the bell crank brake
lever 14 just enough to brake and keep the spindle 23 from revolving. When
the upright rod is lowered the pressure of the spring is withdrawn allowing the
spindle to revolve. It will thus be seen that the worker, by means of the tumbler
cam-shaped lever 21, may, at will, raise the upright rod 16, thereby lifting the top
roller 17 and braking the spindle or vice versa. The vertical end 14' of the bell
crank lever 14 is bevelled and has a catch formed on it so that the spindle when
pressed down into its socket gets underneath, although clear of the catch. By
pushing back the catch 14' against the spring 15 the worker may remove the catch
from the spindle 23 and allow the spindle to be taken out of its socket.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
1 claim is:-
1. In spinning and twisting frames the combination of band tightening and
slackening devices such as hereinbefore described, with a brake which independently
and normally brakes and holds the spindle and which is withdrawn from or allowed
to press on the spindle by the action of the said band tightening and slackening
devices for the purpose of starting and stopping the spindle.
2. In spinning and twisting frames a spindle brake operated by the worker or
by automatic stop motion devices for stopping the spindle, said brake being
arranged so that after it has stopped the spindle, it may be pressed off the spindle
by hand to allow the latter to be removed.
3. In spinning and twisting frames the combination with a brake such as is
described and claimed in Claim 2, with a spindle catch for the purpose of stopping,
starting and holding down the spindle.
4. In spinning and twisting frames the combination of an upright rod (1) with
or without a detector or detectors, a band tightening and slackening lever and
pulley (2 and 3) and a lever (7) which serves the purpose of braking and holding
down the spindle substantially as and for the purpose described with reference
to Figs. 1 and 2.
5. In spinning and twisting frames the combination of an upright rod (16) which
is lifted by hand and held up temporarily or locked up, with a lever (14) which

page_text: serves the purpose of a spindle brake or brake and catch substantially as and for
the purpose described with reference to Fig. 3.
6. In spinning and twisting frames a band pulley made of two discs of sheet
metal dished at the outer edges to form the rim and held together by the webs
of the two halves being perforated and bent through and on to one another
substantially as shown and described with reference to Fig. 4.
7. In spinning and twisting frames the mounting of band pulleys in pairs of
bearings having one end of each bearing closed and with an oil chamber sub-
stantially as and for the purpose described with reference to Figs. 4 and 5.
Dotal thi. 0741 dan af tunil 1900