IMPROVEMENTS IN WIRE OR METAL BRUSHES OR BRUSHING AND CARDING APPLIANCES, AND IN APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Ashworth, Robert Ashworth, and Elijah Ashworth,
all of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WIRE OR METAL BRUSHES OR BRUSHING AND CARDING
APPLIANCES, AND IN APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME."
Sealed the 6th April 1877, and dated the 10th October 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Ashworth, Robert
Ashworth, and Elijah Ashworth at the Office of the Cominissioners of Patents
on the 10th October 1876.
GEORGE ASHWORTH, ROBERT ASHWORTH, and ELIJAH ASHWORTH, all of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN WIRE OR METAL BRUSHES
OR BRUSHING AND CARDING APPLIANCES, AND IN APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING
THE SAME."
Our Invention relates to such brushes as are formed by inserting headed wires
or pins into a foundation material.
In apparatus when constructed in accordance with our said Invention for use in
the manufacture of the material which is to be employed in the formation of
brushes, or for brushing, raising, or carding purposes, wire is drawn forwards and
is passed for some distance through the foundation. A length is then severed and
a head is formed on this length, and the pin thus formed is pushed home.
In apparatus which we have constructed a main shaft fitted with cams, tappits,
and excentrics, actuates the various parts of the machine.
The foundation material preferably formed of vulcanised caoutchouc combined
with a woven fabric is fed by means of a pair of rollers which are fitted to slide
upon spindles. A sliding carriage actuated by means of a screw moves the said
rollers upon their spindles as the formation and insertion of each row of pins
proceeds; the said screw is actuated by means of a notched wheel and reversing
pawls. A picker behind the said foundation is arranged to slide towards and
from the foundation, and to prick the holes to receive the pins. The wire is drawn
forwards by means of a vice closed by a spring, and fitted to slide towards and
from the foundation; the said vice is mounted upon a carriage which is arranged
to slide at right angles to the direction of motion of the said vice, being actuated by`

page_text: means of a sliding bar provided with an inclined face which acts on an incline on
the said carriage; upon this carriage are mounted the sliding heading die, the
pusher, and certain other parts. The wire passes through a second holding vice
and through guides to the foundation material. The sliding forwards of the first
named vice pushes the end of the wire through the pricked foundation; the end of
the wire projecting from the back of the foundation is received by a spring clip
which guides the wire and holds it during the heading operation. The wire is now
tightly gripped close to the foundation between the sliding members of a third vice,
the first member being pushed towards the wire by a sliding incline, the second
member when permitted being advanced by a spring. A cutter is now advanced
towards the wire by means of a lever which is provided with an adjustable screw
or piece, against which a sliding piece is pressed by means of a sliding bar formed
with an incline, which acts upon an incline which is formed on the said sliding
piece; the said carriage now slides sideways which brings a lever in contact with
an adjustable stop screw, and releases the grip of the sliding vice at the same time
that a spring is permitted to close the second vice, the wire being thereby held.
The same movement of the said carriage also presses the wire against the edge of
the cutter, the wire being thereby severed. A sliding heading bar having been
brought into acting position by the said side movement of the carriage is now slid
forwards and pushes the severed length of wire further into the foundation, the
wire sliding between the members of the said third vice.
A sliding piece acted upon by an incline on a sliding bar by releasing the
aforesaid second members of the said vice permitted the said member to be pressed
against the wire; the said sliding piece continuing to move inwards bears against
the end of the said member, and causes the length of wire to be firmly gripped; the
sbort length of wire projecting behind the said vice is now pressed into a head by
the continued movement of the said heading bar; the members of the said vice are
now withdrawn so as to release the wire. The sliding carriage now makes a part
return movement and pauses whilst a pusher is slid forwards to press the finished
pin home; the said carriage now completes its return movement. Previously to
the said return movement the sliding vice has made a backward movement, and
the return movement of the carriage enables the said vice to grip the wire, the
second vice being caused to release the wire, and the herein-before described move-
ments are repeated.
When a row of pins is completed the carriage actuates a sliding rod which is
connected by means of a lever with a sliding shaft, upon which is mounted a forked
lever which is moved in one direction or the other, according to the direction in
which the shaft upon which it is mounted is slid. The rocking movement imparted
to the last named shaft causes a stud to project from a lever, which actuates a pawl
which engages with a ratchet wheel mounted on the axle of the foundation feeding
roller or connected therewith; when the said stud so projects a wiper acts upon it
and gives motion to the said lever, whereby the feeding roller is rotated so as to
effect the commencement of a fresh row; the said rocking of the shaft also effects
the reversal of the direction of motion of the screw which actuates the feeding
roller carriage, a lever on the said shaft being connected with a rocking lever, upon
which are fixed studs which lift out the pawls alternately.
For some purposes it is desirable to set a number of rows of pins, and then to
leave a vacant space of greater width than the space between two rows. In such
cases a disc is mounted upon a shaft which is connected with the axle of the
foundation feeding roller. The periphery of the said disc is plain with the exception
that one or more teeth is or are cut in one or more places therein. The end of a
pawl actuated by an excentric or cam rests upon the periphery of the said disc and
inoves to and fro. As the said disc rotates during the setting of the rows the said
pawl engages at intervals with the said teeth, and thereby effects an extra rotation
of the said foundation feeding roller.
In the formation of oval or circular brushes or in the setting of rows of unequal
lengths revolving shapers are employed, the said shapers being formed in steps or

page_text: so formed as that a part upon the roller carriage comes in contact with a shaper
sooner or later, according to the required length of each row, the rod which effects
the reversal of the feeding screw being thereby caused to slide in its bearings sooner
or later. The material prepared as aforesaid may be used in the covering of rollers
and in the manufacture of horse brushes, and of brushes for other purposes, or may
be otherwise employed.
For some purposes we fix portions of foundation, in which pins have been fixed
to backs of wood or other suitable material in the following manner:-
_We recess
the back to receive the foundation, and we under cut the circumference of the recess
to receive the edge of the foundation; the said foundation is stitched to leather
or other suitable backing material, and the foundation and backing material are
cut to the required forin; the said backing material is now cemented in the
recess and to the back, the outer edge of the material extending into the under cut
periphery of the recess.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Ashworth, Robert Ashworth, and Elijah Ashworth in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 10th April 1877.
GEORGE ASHWORTH, ROBERT ASHWORTH, AND ELIJAH ASHWORTH, all of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Engineers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN WIRE OR METAL
BRUSHES OR BRUSHING AND CARDING APPLIANCES, AND IN APPARATUS FOR MANU-
FACTURING THE SAME."
Our Invention relates in the first place to such brushes as are formed by inserting
headed wires or pins into a foundation material.
In apparatus when constructed in accordance with our said Invention for use in
the manufacture of the material which is to be employed in the formation of brushes,
or for brushing, raising, or carding purposes, wire is drawn forwards and is passed
for some distance through the foundation. A length is then severed and a head is
formed on this length, and the pin thus formed is pushed home.
Our Invention also relates to the attachment of material provided with the
said headed wires or pins, or with wires to backs in the formation of brushes for
certain uses.
For some purposes we fix portions of foundation in which pins have been fixed to
backs of wood or other suitable material in the following manner:-We recess the
back to receive the foundation, and we under cut the circumference of the recess to
receive the edge of the foundation; the said foundation is stitched to leather or
other suitable material, and the foundation and backing material are cut to the
required form the said backing material is now cemented into the recess, and
to the back the outer edge of the material extending into the under cut periphery of
the recess.
And in order that our Invention may be more fully understood, we have
appended hereunto two Sheets of Drawings marked with letters of reference, corre-
sponding marks indicating the same parts in the various Figures.
Referring to the said Drawings, Fig. 1, Sheet 1, is a back elevation, and Fig. 2, a
plan of the said apparatus, both Figures being drawn to a scale of about three inches
to the foot.
Fig. 3, Sheet 2, is a side elevation; Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation on the line *;
and Fig. 5, a sectional elevation on the line ✶ ✶ in Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is a plan of part of Fig. 2 drawn to a larger scale; all the motions of the
parts of the apparatus are derived from a driving shaft A which is fitted to revolve
in bearings in the framing, and is provided with a strap, pulley, and fly wheel. Upon
this shaft are fixed cams which are formed to impart the herein-after described
motions to the acting parts of the apparatus.
The foundation material for which we prefer to employ vulcanized caoutchouc

page_text: combined with a woven fabric is represented by a, and is fed upwards at intervals
by means of a roller b which is fitted to slide upon a shaft c which is mounted in
bearings formed in the side frames. The said roller is mounted between the two
cheeks of a frame d which is arranged to slide to and fro on the shaft c, and also
upon a bar e². A second roller is mounted within the frame d below the roller b,
and is pressed by means of springs towards the roller b. The material passes
through a slotted plate attached to the said frame partly around and between the
two rollers, and thence under a guide bar upwards to a taking up arrangement as
in ordinary card setting machines. A screw B is fitted to revolve in bearings and
imparts sliding movements to the frame d by means of a head which is formed on a
shaft o¹, and which works in the thread of the screw; the said shaft is mounted in
an arm p which projects from the frame d. A spring tends to turn the said shaft,
and thereby to prevent back lash. Upon the outer end of the said screw are fixed
two ratchet wheels e, e. Upon a vibrating lever f are mounted two pawls, one of
which engages with each wheel. The two ratchet wheels are formed to be turned
in opposite directions and the two pawls act alternately, so that when one pawl is
in gear the screw is turned in one direction, and when the other pawl is in gear the
said screw is turned in the opposite direction. The lever f receives motion from an
excentric C on the main shaft. The two pawls are connected together and are
thrown into and out of gear by pins fixed on a vibrating lever g which is connected
by a link with a lever which is fixed upon a rocking shaft D; the last-named shaft
is also arranged to slide in its bearings to some extent. The rotation of the screw
first in one direction and then in the other causes the frame d to slide to and fro,
and the feeding rollers are thus moved to and fro in an end wise direction. To
impart the revolving motion to the roller b two rods attached to the roller are
When the
arranged to slide within a carrier h³ which is fixed on the shaft c.
framed nears the end of its traverse in either direction a rod i comes into contact
with one of two discs E which are fixed on the shaft c. The continued movement of
the said frame causes the shaft c to be slid in its bearings. A collar fixed or formed
on the said shaft is connected by a lever ; with the shaft D, so that the last-named
shaft is also caused to slide in its bearings. The sliding movement of this shaft
brings a forked lever within the range of action of a double wiper F which acts
upon one or the other of the two arms of the fork according as the said shaft is
slid in one direction or the other, and the said shaft is thereby caused to rock in
one direction or the other, the said rocking movement being also imparted to the
lever g; one of the pins therein disengages one of the pawls, and thereby brings the
other pawl into action whereby the direction of motion of the screw is reversed.
Upon the shaft 1) is fixed an arm k, in the upper end of which two notches are
formed. A projection on a lever rests in one or the other of the said notches.
When the said shaft rocks in its bearings the said projection is shifted by the
vibrating movement of the arın k from one notch to the other, the lever being
A sliding
raised and lowered as the projection passes from one notch to the other.
rod is connected with the lever l, and is formed with an incline which is arranged
to act upon a stud which is fitted to slide in a hole formed in a lever m, each
upward movement of the lever Land of the said rod causing the end of the said
stud to project for a short period from the face of the said lever. At the time that
the said stud so projects it is acted upon by a wiper G, and the lever m is thereby
caused to vibrate on its fulcrum. To the upper end of the lever m is jointed a
pawl n which engages with the teeth of a ratchet wheel H which is fixed upon the
shaft c.
Each vibrating movement of the lever m causes the said ratchet wheel to
be rotated to some extent, whereby the feeding roller is rotated and the material is
fed forwards for the commencement of another row.
The actions of the parts so far described are similar to those of parts in previous
machines employed in the setting of cards, and such actions will therefore be
understood without more minute description thereof. A pricker to form the holes
in the foundation material is fixed to a plate o which is fitted to slide to and fro on
the top of a standard; the said plate is connected with the upper end of a lever

page_text: frame which is arranged to vibrate on a fulcrum at its lower end and is connected
by a link q with a lever r, the upper end of which is kept in contact with a cam M
by means of a spring. A recess is formed in the said cam and at the required
times the end of the lever by entering the said recess permits the frame p to be
moved by the action of the spring in the direction indicated in Fig. 4, and the said
pricker is thereby moved forwards and perforates the material. The wire to form
the pins is led into the machine between the cams K and L and passes between the
members of a sliding vice Q and of a fixed vice R. Each vice consists of a fixed
and a sliding member.
In the vice Q the sliding member consists of a short spindle which is jointed to
one arm of a lever S and is forced by a spiral spring towards the fixed member.
The two members of this vice are carried by a feeding bar S which is fitted to slide
upon a table P; the said table is arranged to slide to and fro in a direction at right
angles to the direction of progress of the wire, and is actuated by a cam J which
acts upon a sliding bar T. An incline t fixed to the last named bar acts upon an
incline fixed on the said table. The cam J is so formed as to slide the table by one
movement in the direction indicated in Figs. 2 and 6, and to permit the return of
the table by two separate movements with a dwell between them. A spring below
the table effects the said return movements; a heading bar U is also fitted to slide
upon the said table and is actuated by a cam K. The cams push the bars S and U
in the direction indicated, the return movements being effected by means of
springs u, seen in Figs. 3 and 4. The sliding member of the vice R is also forced
towards the fixed member by a spring. An adjustable screw on the end of the said
sliding member passes into a hole in the side frame V, and when the table P is
completing its return movement the head of this screw reaches the end of an
enlarged portion of the said hole, and the said sliding member is then prevented by
the screw from moving with the table, whereby the vice is opened for the passage
of the wire. The bar S is now slid forwards by its cam whereby the vice Q feeds
forwards a length of wire; the wire so fed passes through a passage formed in a
guide v and through the hole pricked in the foundation material. A sliding bar W
is acted upon by a cam O and is formed at one end with an incline, which acts
upon an incline formed on a short spindle w which is arranged to slide in the
frame V. When pushed inwards by the said bar the said spindle acts upon the
head of an adjustable screw which is screwed into a lever x, and causes the said
lever to move upon its fulcrum which is fixed to the frame V, as seen in Figs. 2
and 6. To the free end of the said lever is jointed a cutter y, the cutting edge of
which is pressed against the end of the guide v by a spiral spring. The action of
the bar W thus causes the said cutter to move towards the wire; at the same time
that the cutter is so moving the table P is being slid in the direction indicated by
the arrow, carrying with it the feeding and heading bars and the vices holding the
wire. For distinction we will term this the first movement of the said table; the
wire and the cutter are thus caused to meet each other, and the end of the cutter
acting in conjunction with the end of the guide v severs the wire; the bar W
with the lever x carrying the cutter are now moved back by means of springs.
It has not been considered necessary to confuse the Drawings by representing all
of the springs mentioned as the manner of their application will be readily under-
stood. A short length of wire now remains in the material and is held by a third
vice consisting of two sliding members z, 2¹, seen most clearly in Fig. 6. The said
vice consists of two plates fitted in slides and formed at their meeting ends with
shallow grooves into which the wire enters; when the two plates are slid towards
each other the wire is held. The plate z is acted upon by a spring which tends
to force it towards the plate ¹; a spindle a¹ is arranged to slide in the frame V₁,
and is provided with a hook which engages with a stump on the plate ; a
spring s tends to draw the said spindle outwards and to keep its end in contact
with the face of an incline formed on the end of a sliding bar X which is slid
forwards at intervals by a cam T, the return movement being effected by means of a
spring. When the wire is being fed forwards into the material the hook on the

page_text: spindle a¹ holds back the plate z, the vice being then open to permit the passage of
the wire; the plate ¹ is at the same time drawn back by a spring b¹. A vertically
sliding incline c¹ is connected with one end of a lever which is mounted on a
fixed fulcrum, and is provided at its other end with a bowl upon which acts a
cam N; the said cam acts on the said lever immediately after the wire has been fed
forwards, and the end which is connected with the said incline is depressed by the
action of the said cam; the said incline is so formed and arranged as that when
depressed it forces the plate ¹ towards the plate z; at the same time the bar X is
slid forwards by the action of the cam I, and by pushing in the spindle a¹ permits
the plate to meet the plate z¹, whereby the wire is lightly held and steadied.
As the plate is at this time only forced towards the other plate by a light spring
the wire can be slid through the passage between the two plates; the wire remains
so held during the severence of the length which is in the material.
When the table P had completed the aforesaid first movement the end of a
header e¹, which is fixed in the end of the heading bar U, was brought by such
movement opposite to the end of the length of wire which had been severed as
aforesaid. The cam K now pushes forwards the said bar, and the said header
pushes the wire further through the material, the said wire sliding between the two
plates 2 and 2. The cam I is formed to impart two forward movements with a
dwell between to the bar X; the first movement has already been made as afore-
said. The said cam now causes the said bar to make the second forward movement,
whereby the spindle a¹ is pushed in to a still greater extent until its end bears
against the end of the plate z, and forces it towards the plate 21, whereby the wire
is so tightly gripped as to prevent any further movement thereof. The said header
continuing to press against the end of the said wire, which projects slightly beyond
the faces of the said plates, the said projecting part becomes pressed and formed
into a head. At this stage the bar X retires, and the incline C¹ is raised, whereby
the plates and 2¹ are drawn back by the springs s¹ and b¹, so as to release the
headed wire. At about the same time the table P makes its second movement,
that is to say, the first part of its return movement, whereby the end of a sliding
pusher f¹ is brought opposite to the headed wire. The said pusher is connected
with one end of a lever g¹, the other end of which is formed with a curved slot, in
which works a pin which is fixed to the lever d¹. As the end of the lever d¹ rises
when lifting the incline c¹ the said pin acts on the lever g¹, and imparts thereto a
movement which causes the pusher to be moved towards the foundation material,
and to push fully home the headed wire. The table P is now permitted to make
its third movement, that is to say, to complete its return movement; the first
movement of the said table brought one end of the lever s into contact with the
end of an adjustable screw h¹, which is screwed into the frame V; the said screw
caused the said lever to turn on its fulcrum, and thereby to draw back the holding
spindle from the wire. The same movement of the table also permitted the
movable part of the vice R to slide forwards so as to grip the wire. The bar S was
then moved back by its spring so as to be in readiness to feed forward another
length of wire. The second movement of the said table caused the vice Q to hold
the wire by means of the lever S moving away from the screw h³, and the vice R to
release the wire in the manner herein-before described. The next forward move-
ment of the bar S then feeds forward another length of wire, and the operations of
the several parts are repeated.
When the end of the wire is pushed through the foundation material the said
wire is received by a spring clip ¹, which holds the projecting portion of the wire
during the heading operation. The end of the said clip is split or is formed with
two parts, which spring towards each other, so as to clip or hold the wire. The
said clip is formed on or attached to a spring blade, which is secured by one end to
the standard in which the plate o slides. An incline is secured to or formed on the
said blade. When the pricker moves back the stud on the end of the lever frame p
runs off the incline, and permits the said clip to rise so that it can receive the wire
when it is thrust through the material. When the pricker is moved forwards to

page_text: perforate the material the said stud acting on the incline depresses the clip, thereby
releasing the wire, and moving the clip out of the way of the pricker. A second
spring blade is also attached to the said standard. The free end of this blade is
formed as a finger which is lifted to move the pins in the upper row out of the way
when the pricker advances. The said finger is raised by the action of a part which
is carried by the slide o, and which passes under and raises the free end of the
blade k', as seen in Fig. 3, when the pricker is advancing. The said finger when
rising lifts the last inserted pin out of the retiring clip, and prevents the said clip
from dragging down the said pin.
For some purposes it is desirable or necessary to set a number of rows of pins,
and then to leave a vacant space of greater width than the space between two rows.
A pawl is hinged upon a part which is fixed to the excentric rod m', and the end
of the said pawl rests upon one of the discs E. During the setting of each pin the
end of the said pawl slides to and fro on the said disc, but has no effect thereon
until the step-by-step movements of the said disc bring an attachment n', in which
a few teeth are formed within range of the said pawl. The said pawl then engages
with the said teeth, and turns the disc and therefore the feeding roller a step after
the formation of each pin until the part n' has been moved out of reach of the pawl.
The effect of this arrangement is that a nearly vacant space containing only a pin
for each tooth in the part n¹ is left between the completion of one row of pins
and the formation of another row.
The diameter of the discs E is so proportioned as that a number of rows suitable,
for example, to form one brush are set during each revolution of the said disc. If
long lengths of material set with continuous series of rows are required. the pawl
is not used, or is removed or thrown out of action. In the example the discs E, E,
are intended to act as shapers to shorten the rows near the beginning and end of
each portion which is to form a single brush.
It will be seen that a stepped projection is formed on the inner side of each disc.
As the discs revolve the first step on each disc is brought opposite to the rods i,
and the said rods come into contact with the said steps, and the reversal of the
direction of motion of the screw is effected a little earlier. As each succeeding step
is brought opposite to the end of one of the rods i the reversal at the completion of
the row is effected earlier than in the case of the last previous row, whereby the
rows are caused to decrease in length until the last row is set. The first row of the
portion for another brush is a short row, and the successive rows increase in length
until the full length is attained. By these means material for the formation of
circular, oval, or curved brushes may be formed. The said stepped projections may
bé changable so as to form various shapes of brushes, or the discs may be changed
as preferred. For some purposes the said projections will not be required.
From the foregoing it will be seen that during each revolution of the shaft A tho
vice Qmoves to and fro, and feeds forwards the required length of wire; the wire
is inserted into the foundation material, and is held on the other side; a length of
wire is severed and is pushed forwards, gripped, and headed, and the headed wire is
finally pushed home, the material being moved sideways after the insertion of each
pin, and being fed forwards or upwards after the completion of each row of pins,
the material, with the pins fixed therein in the manner described, may be used in
the covering of rollers and in the manufacture of horse brushes, and of brushes for
other purposes, or may be otherwise employed.
For some purposes we fix portions of foundation, into which pins or wires have
been inserted; to backs of wood or other suitable material in manner as follows:-
We recess the back to receive the foundation, and we undercut the recess to receive
the edge of the foundation, as indicated by Fig. 7. The said foundation is stitched
to leather or other suitable backing material, and the foundation and backing
material are cut to the required form. The said backing material is now cemented
into the recess, and to the back, the outer edge of the material extending into the
undercut periphery of the recess.
Having now fully described and indicated the nature of our said Invention, and

page_text: the manner in which we carry the same into practical effect, we would have it to be
understood in conclusion that we claim,―
First. The combination of parts arranged and acting substantially as and for the
purpose set forth and indicated herein-before, and in Figs. 1 to 6 of the accom-
panying Drawings.
Secondly. Wire feeding apparatus and wire header, both or all arranged to be
moved sideways, substantially as and for the purposes set forth and indicated.
Thirdly. The pusher arranged to be moved sideways, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth and indicated.
Fourthly. Mounting the said feeding apparatus, header, and pusher upon a
table or carriage arranged to be slid or moved substantially as in the case of the
carriage P.
Fifthly. The arrangement for severing the wire, substantially as set forth and
indicated.
Sixthly. The holding and gripping vice or plates z, z¹, arranged and acting sub-
stantially as and for the purposes set forth and indicated.
Seventhly. The pricker mounted at the back of the machine, and acting substan-
tially as and for the purpose set forth and indicated.
Eightly. The holding clip
purpose set forth and indicated.
arranged and acting substantially as and for the
Ninthly. The stepped projections on the discs E, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth and indicated.
Tenthly. The employment for the purpose indicated of backs undercut or recessed
in the manner set forth and indicated herein-before and by Fig. 7 of the accom-
panying Drawings.
And, lastly. The method of fixing the material set with pins or wires into backs
or handles, substantially as set forth and indicated.
In witness whereof, we, the said George Ashworth, Robert Ashworth, and
Elijah Ashworth, have hereunto set our hands and seal, this Ninth day of
April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
sevon,
Signed and scaled by the said
George Ashworth, Robert
Ashworth, and Elijah Ash-
worth, in the presence of
EDWARD K, DUTTON,
Agent to the Patentees,
3, Princess Street,
Manchester.
GEORGE ASHWORTH. (L.S.)
ROBERT ASHWORTH. (L.S.)
ELIJAH ASHWORTH.
(L.S.)