IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR BORING OR PERFORATING Rocks, METALS, OR OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Edward Newton, of the Office for Patents
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for
the Invention of "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR BORING OR PERFORATING
Rocks, METALS, OR OTHER SUBSTANCES."-A communication from abroad
by Horrie de la Roche Tolay, of Rue St. Sebastien, Paris, in the Empire
of France.
Sealed the 31st December 1867, and dated the 10th July 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Edward Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th July 1867..
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR BORING OR PERFORATING
ROCKS, METALS, OR OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
The apparatus which forms the subject of this Invention is intended to be
applied to the perforation of stone or metal, and comprises two principal
parts, viz., a continuous rotating piercing machine and a kind of carriage
[Price 8d.]

page_text: to contain one or more of these machines, which may be employed for
tunnelling or underground work.
The piercing machine is composed of a metallic frame on which is placed
one of Perret's engines worked by water pressure, or the motive engine may
be worked by steam, air, or any other motive power.
This motive engine
by means of a connecting rod communicates motion to the fly wheel and
driving shaft, at the other end of which is a bevil pinion gearing into a wheel,
the boss of which turns freely in a boaring.
A hollow iron shaft which has its outside made hexagonal and perfectly
true enters with slight friction a wheel which communicates a rotary motion
to it, and also into a ring which turus freely in its bearing. At one end of this
shaft is placed the piercing tool, and at the other extremity is piston
to which the necessary pressure is applied for working the boring tool,
In order to prevent the piston from turning with the working shaft the
latter is furnished with a plain piece of metal; a groove is made half in
this piece of metal and half in a washer. The groove is filled with sinall
steel balls against which the piston bears for the purpose of reducing the
friction. The water for exerting pressure on the piston and wetting the
cutting tool is supplied to the interior of the hollow shaft by means of a pipe
and tap, and another tap regulates the supply.
When the machine is to be worked by compressed air it is furnished with a
reservoir communicating with the working cylinder, and with the air passage
supplies water at the requisite pressure to act as above mentioned. To the
fore part of this frame is attached a screw which is made to bear with great
pressure against that part of the rock that is to be perforated; by this means
undue vibration of the machine is prevented.
The boring tool is a solid iron cylinder of a little less diameter than the
hole to be bored, it is fixed to the shaft by a bayonet joint or by screws, and
a stream of water is constantly kept flowing through small holes in the
interior of this cylinder to keep the cutting tool cool. The front part of
the boring tool is furnished with some hard material that will cut metal
or stone, or one of Leschot's annular cutters may be used, or for softer
materials or metals steel cutters of various well known forms may be
employed.
For underground work several of these machines may be required to
operate at once, for which purpose a carriage is employed composed of
two cast-iron cheeks kept apart above and below by traverses. The
frame rests on spiral springs attached to wheels which run on a rail.

page_text: The carriage is furnished with four binding screws to maintain it in its
place. On each of the cheeks are two vertical square threaded screws,
on which four female screws work, two of which severally support iron
traverses which rise and fall therein in a parallel direction. This move-
ment is obtained by means of an iron socket or collar divided into two
and enclosing the traverses. This socket carries a bevil wheel at each
extremity which takes into a wheel of equal diameter attached to the female
screws.
From this description it will be readily understood that it is only necessary
to impart axial motion to the socket or collar by means of a ratchet lever to
bring the traverses to the height required. Two cast-iron frames rest upon
the upper and lower traverses, and these latter being independent of each
other this arrangement allows of a certain inclination being given to the
frames, which may vary from 6° to about 40°. Each of these frames may
receive four boring machines.
Communication with the motive engines is established by means of india-
rubber pipes, and other pipes serve for the discharge of the liquid on its
escaping from the motive cylinder, the supply of water to which is regulated
by means of cocks. An air reservoir situate in the middle of a pipe serves to
deaden the shocks which might be produced in the pipes by variations of
speed in the motive water. This india-rubber pipe allows the carriage to
advance or recede to the extent of some yards without its being necessary to
lengthon or shorten the main pipe.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Edward Newton in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 8th January 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said William Edward Newton, Her special licence that I, the said

page_text: William Edward Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said William Edward Newton, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR BORING OR PER-
FORATING ROCKS, METALS, OR OTHER SUBSTANCES," being a communication to
me from Horric de la Roche Tolay, of Rue Saint Sebastien, Paris, in
the Empire of France, upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said William Edward Newton, my exccutors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Edward Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
The subject of the present Invention is a novel machine for the perforation
of stones and metals. It comprises generally the following parts:-
First, a continually rotating piercing machine.
Second, a carriage for carrying one or more of these piercing machines in
case they should be required for underground borings.
The boring machine as shewn in the accompanying Drawings consists of a
metallic bed, on which is placed one of Perret's Patent hydraulic machines or
any suitable hydraulic or air engine.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of the motive engine, and
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, some of the parts being shown in
section.
The crank shaft A has motion communicated to it by means of the piston C
enclosed in the cylinder of the motive engine and the connecting rod B; on
one of the ends of the crank shaft is a fly wheel D, and on the other end is a
bevil pinion E which gears into a bevil wheel F, the boss of which is elongated
and turns freely in bearings G. A hollow iron shaft A' of hexagonal form

page_text: passes with slight friction through the boss of the wheel Fand ring H, and
has a rotating motion communicated to it by the wheel F. The ring H
resembles the boss of the wheel F' and turns ficely in a bearing G'. A boring
tool (which will presently be more fully described) is attached to one of the
extremities of the shaft A'; at the other extremity is a piston I, on which the
necessary pressure is brought to bear to propel the boring tool.
This piston
is enclosed in a cylinder J closed by the stopper K. In order to prevent this
piston from turning with the propelling shaft A' the latter is furnished with a
perfectly plane piece of metal L.; a groove M is made half in this piece I
and half in a washer N. In the groove are placed small steel balls, on which
the piston rests and which help to reduce the friction. The water that is
intended to act as motive power on the piston I is introduced into the interior
of the shaft in order to lubricate the boring tool, and is conducted into the
cylinder by a pipe O furnished with a cock P. A second cock fixed to the
lower part of the cylinder is intended to regulate the pressure of the water.
To attain this end the cock must be opened so as to let out more or less
water as required.
In cases in which the motor shall be worked by compressed air a
special reservoir is put into communication with the propelling cylinder with
the air conductor, and will furnish the water at the requisite pressure in
order that it may act as above described. The front part of the bed is
furnished with a screw Q, that should be fixed tightly against the rock
when the boring machine is at the place to be operated on. In this
manner any vibration caused by the movement of the machine is entirely
prevented.
The boring tool, shown in Fig. 2, is a plain iron cylinder, the diameter of
which should be a little less than the hole to be bored. It is fixed to the end
of the shaft either by means of a key or a screw. Small holes should be left
open in the interior of this tool in order to allow small jets of water to flow
so as to cool the boring tool while working. The working face of the boring
tool should be furnished with a certain number of black diamonds or any very
hard substance would do as well. Instead of this plain tool an annular tool
may be used, or for soft metals or stones ordinary steel rose cutters or any
suitable and known borer would answer.
In excavating tunnels a number of these machines may be required to act
simultaneously. For this purpose it is proposed to employ a carriage, such
as is shown in Sheet II., at Figures 3, 4, and 5. This carriage is composed
of two cast-iron sides T, T, kept apart at top and bottom by cross beams R.

page_text: The bed rests (by means of spiral springs) on two pairs of wheels running on
a tramway in the same way as a railway truck. Four screws S serve to
maintain the carriage in its place, notwithstanding the continual working of
each of the boring machines. The two screws S at the bottom admit of the
bottom rails of the framework being dispensed with. Each of the sides T
has two vertical screws U with square threads on which are four nuts; theso
nuts support iron traverses, which may rise and fall the length of the screws
and will always remain perfectly parallel. This movement is obtained by
means of a cast-iron socket in two pieces, which surround the cross pieces
above referred to; this socket carries a bevil whoel at each of its extremities,
which gears into another wheel of equal diameter forming part of the nuts V.
It may be seen that it is only necessary to give a rotating movement to the
socket by means of a ratchet lever in order to raise the traverses or cross
pieces to the height required. Two cast-iron frames X rest on the traverses
at top and bottom; and these traverses being independent of each other, this
arrangement will allow of giving a slight inclination to the frames which may
vary from the horizontal to about forty degrees.
Each of these frames may
receive four boring machines, which are to be fixed to the frames by means of
bolts Y. India-rubber pipes % conduct the water to the motors and other
tubes, serve for the evacuation of the liquid on its exit. from the motive
cylinder. Eight cocks each furnished with a hand wheel are fixed on one of
the arms of the bed; they help to regulate the introduction into the cylinder
of the motor. An air reservoir a placed in the middle of a tube bis intended
to prevent the shocks which might be produced in the pipe by the variations
in speed of the water. The cylinder bis connected to the principal
supply pipe by an india-rubber pipe c capable of resisting the usual
pressure; this india-rubber pipe allows the carriage to advance or retire
several metres without it being necessary to lengthen or shorten the principal
supply pipe.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "Improved Apparatus
for Boring or Perforating Rocks, Metals, or other Hard Substances, as com-
municated to me by my foreign correspondent, and having explained the
manner of carrying the same into effect, I claim as the Invention secured to
me by Letters Patent as aforesaid,--
First, the arrangement of machinery set forth in Sheet I. of the Drawings
for actuating the boring tool.
Second, the mode shewn in Sheet II., or any mere modification thereof,
for combining several boring machines in one carriage or frame mounted

page_text: upon wheels, so that it may be moved forward as the boring operation
proceeds.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Edward Newton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Seventh day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight.
Witness,
J. W. MOFFATT,
66, Chancery Lane.
W. E. NEWTON. (L.S.)