Improvements in Oil and Gas Motor Engines.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 15th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 15th Dec., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Oil and Gas Motor Engines.
I, HENRY CAMPBELL, of 29 Rhodes Street, Halifax, in the County of York,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The first part of my invention in oil engines has reference to the vaporiser which
consists of a cylinder or tube of suitable dimensions placed in a vertical position
and secured on the barrel of the compression cylinder. The vaporiser tube is made
with a chamber in its lower end for containing oil, a flame issuing therefrom
impinging against the ignition tube rising up within the vaporising tube which is
preferably lined with asbestos to retain the heat.
Suitable holes or openings are formed to admit air to the flame, a flue or channel
is formed outside the vaporiser tube. The valve for admitting the oil within the
channel is placed near the bottom thereof, such valve being preferably of the mush-
room type the seating being made with an annular ring or groove for the reception
of oil, the quantity passing to the valve being regulated by a suitable cock or set
Screw. The suction of the piston opens this valve and the vapour off the oil passes
up through the channel at one side, across the top and down at the other side finally
entering with a suitable mixture of atmospheric air into the compression chamber
which at a pre-determined moment is compressed and exploded by the ignition tube.
I wish to observe that the vaporiser is completely cut off by the inlet valve from
any contact with the explosive mixture and that it forms no part of the compression
chamber.
Secondly-My invention in gas motor engines also relates to the exhaust valve
and also to the inlet valve. In this case the exhaust valve is operated by means of
a continuously reciprocating rod in the ordinary manner but according to my
invention the said exhaust valve is placed within a casing outside the compression
chamber and the inlet valve is made with an annular chamber or groove formed in
the seating of the said valve such annular chamber being made with a port hole
placed opposite the port hole of the gas inlet. The annular chamber therefore
become charged with gas and when the inlet valve is opened the atmospheric air
and gas become mixed and are free to enter the compression chamber when the
vacuum is formed within the cylinder by the action of the piston.
Thirdly: This part of my invention in gas engines applies more particularly to
large engines the object of my invention being to utilise the spent gases after they
have been used for forcing back the piston. To do this I employ another cylinder
in conjunction with the ordinary working cylinder. This second cylinder is of much
larger capacity than the ordinary cylinder. The crank shaft in this case is a double
one and the crank in connection with the large cylinder will "lead" or be a little
in advance of that crank which works the piston of the ordinary cylinder, therefore
when the spent gases enter into the additional cylinder the pressure or force thereof
will act upon the additional piston and so help on the work of the engine. The
additional cylinder is made with an exhaust valve through which the spent gases
after being twice used will escape.
Dated this 12th day of January 1894.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents.

page_text: Improvements in Oil and Gas Motor Engines.
I, HENRY CAMPBELL, of 29, Rhodes Street, Halifax, in the County of York,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The first part of my invention in oil engines has reference to the vaporiser which
consists of a cylinder or tube of suitable dimensions placed in a vertical position and
secured on the barrel of the compression cylinder. This part of my invention is
illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 in the accompanying drawings, wherein
Fig. 1 is sectional elevation of such parts of an oil engine as is necessary to
shew ny improvements applied thereto.
Fig. 2 is end view of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of arrow a.
A indicates the cylinder of the engine, B the compression chamber and C the
ignition tube. My improved vaporiser is shewn at D and it is secured to the barrel
of the compression chamber by bolts in any ordinary and well known manner. The
internal vaporiser tube E is made with a chamber for containing oil, a flame
issuing therefrom impinging against the ignition tube C whereby the tube is heated
and in order to retain the heat in the tube or chamber B it is preferably lined with
asbestos. Short pipes c are placed in the vaporiser tube to admit of atmospheric
air to the flame.
The valve for admitting oil within the chamber F is shewn at G, such valve being
made preferably of the mushroom type. The seating of this valve is made with an
annular ring (see enlarged view Fig. 3). This groove in the valve seating is
made for the reception of oil the quantity passing to the said valve and groove
being regulated by suitable cock or set screw connected to pipe H not shewn in the
drawings.
Air is admitted through pipe I. The suction of the piston within the cylinder
opens the valve G and the vapour off the oil passes up through chamber across
the top and down at the other side, finally entering with a suitable mixture of
atmospheric air through inlet valve J into compression chamber B which at a
predetermined moment the explosive mixture is compressed and exploded by contact
with ignition tube C. I wish to observe that this form of vaporiser is completely
cut off by the inlet valve J from any contact with the explosive mixture and that
it forms no part of the compression chamber.
In Figs. 4 and 5 I have shewn a slightly modified form of the vaporiser.
In this case the chamber F of the vaporiser is arranged to be in direct com-
munication with the compression chamber B as indicated in drawing Fig. 4 and the
compression and explosion of the gases takes place both in the compression chamber
and within the chamber F. The air and vapour enters through Gat K and passes
through chamber F as the arrow indicates to the compression chamber B. The
exhaust valve is shewn at L. By this means I obtain a larger distribution of
explosive mixture and it will be observed that the vaporiser forms a portion of the
same casting as the barrel of the compression chamber. This modified form of
vaporiser enables me to dispense with inlet valve J but to do this I enlarge the
capacity of valve G in order to admit the requisite quantity of air and oil. In
this case the oil and air enter the channels F through the same valve G.
Secondly. My invention in gas motor engines relates to the exhaust valve and
inlet valve and also to the method of governing the engine, this part of my invention

page_text: being shewn in section Fig. 6, plan view Fig. 7 and front elevation Fig. 8. L' is
the exhaust valve which is operated at the right time by means of a continuously
reciprocating rod M operated by gearing from the crank shaft in the ordinary
manner, and which reciprocating rod opens the exhaust valve L' direct without the
employment of any intervening parts, the said valve being closed by the spiral
spring N.
The exhaust valve is preferably arranged in a casing O outside of the compression
chamber.
My improvements in the inlet valve J' are shewn in Fig. 6 where it is made with
an annular chamber or groove e formed in the seating of the said valve, such
annular chamber being made with a port hole placed opposite the port hole of
the gas inlet, the quantity being admitted by cock not shewn in the drawings.
The annular groove e therefore becomes charged with gas and when the inlet
valve Jis opened by the suction of the piston within the cylinder the gas and air
enter the compressing chamber B.
My method of governing the engine is shewn in Figs. 7 and 8 where on the
reciprocating rod M 1 fix a study on which is mounted, loosely, a pendulum
governor and i, therefore when the engine is running at its normal speed the
finger of the governor, strikes the short rod P connected to one end of a lever Q
pivoted at R. The bottom end of the lever is attached by connecting rod S to the
valve spindle of the inlet valve T, therefore when the engine is running at its
normal speed the inlet valve is opened at each backward stroke of the reciprocating
rod M, but if the engine is running too quickly the finger will descend below the
end of the short rod P and thus fails to strike it, consequently the inlet valve will
remain closed and will continue so until the engine reaches its normal speed when
the governor will assume its original position and strike the rod P.
Thirdly. This part of my invention in gas engines applies more particularly to
large engines, the object of my invention being to utilise the spent gases after they
have been used for forcing the piston forward. This part of my invention is shewn
in Fig. 9 where A is the ordinary cylinder with its piston A¹ and its compression
chamber B.
In carrying out my improvements I employ another or auxiliary cylinder U
placed and arranged in conjunction with the ordinary working cylinder.
This second cylinder U is of much larger capacity than the ordinary cylinder.
The crank shaft V, in this case is a double one and the crank in connection with
the large cylinder will "lead" or be little in advance of that crank which works
the piston of the ordinary cylinder, therefore when the spent gases enter into the
additional cylinder, the pressure or force thereof will act upon the additional piston
and so help on the work of the engine. The additional cylinder is made with an
exhaust port W through which the spent gases after being twice used will escape.
The spent gases after being exploded in chamber B pass to the additional cylinder
through a non-return inlet X. The exhaust valve Y is operated at the right time
by the reciprocating rod Z similar to M shewn in Figs. 7 and 8.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Firstly. In an oil engine, the use thereto of a vaporiser of the form shewn
separated from the compression chamber by the inlet valve as shewn in Fig. 1.
Secondly. The combination of vaporiser with an oil engine, the said vaporiser
having an annular chamber such as F, all arranged and operating in the manner
described and shewn in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4.
Thirdly. The combination with a vaporiser of the valve G and recess or groove d
for purposes described.
Fourthly. The arrangement of exhaust valve and inlet valve shewn in Figs. 6
aud 7, the inlet valve being made with an annular chamber e and port hole f, all as
described.

page_text: Fifthly. The combination with the cylinder of a gas engine, of an auxiliary
cylinder U and for utilising the spent gases, all as described and shewn in Fig. 9.
Dated this 13th day of October 1894.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Patent Agents.