Improved Device for Consuming Smoke in Furnaces.
Year: 1899

page_text: Application, 27th June, 1899 -Accepted, 9th Sent
1800
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Device for Consuming Smoke in Furnaces.
I, EDWARD FALES, of 213, Warren Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, United States of
America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
5 My invention relates to steam generating furnaces in general, but more
especially to devices for consuming the black smoke which arises from the burn-
ing coal, particularly bituminous coal; and it consists essentially in locating one
or more injector-tubes at a plane just below the zone within which the combustion
of gases is taking place, and means by which steam or air may be supplied to
said tube or tubes. The invention further consists of means by which the tube
or tubes may be vertically adjusted to the desired height above the bed of burning
fuel, to inject a sheet or sheets of steam or air thereover. And the invention
further consists of the general arrangement and combination of the several
mechanisms, as will be hereinafter more specifically described and particularly
pointed out in the claims.
In practice, I have found that the best results, for consuming the smoke, are
obtained by locating the injector or tubes as above described, so that the particles
of free carbon, rising from the bed of fuel will be compelled to unite with
sufficient oxygen to produce carbon monoxide, before passing into the combustion
zone, and perhaps the atmosphere according to the height at which this desired
result has been obtained above the plane of the fuel bed. I have also found
it desirable to inject the steam or air on a line parallel with the surface of the
bed of fuel.
In the use of certain kinds of bituminous coal the smoke, arising therefrom,
s very dense and black, and I have sometimes found it expedient to provide
wo or more injector tubes, which may be readily and quickly-adjusted to inject
thicker or double sheet of steam or air, or both, over the burning fuel, or
Iternate sheets of each, or both, at different heights, to so increase the combus-
ion that the smoke will be consumed at the instant of liberation. Hence the
rincipal objects of my invention are, first, to consume the smoke at the instant
f its liberation from the burning coal, and second, to provide means for so
egulating the position of the injector-tube or tubes, that steam or air, or a
ombination of both, may be injected at or about the exact point where the
mbustion is most intense.
These objects are attained by means of the mechanism illustrated in the
companying drawings, in which-
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a steam boiler and furnace, with a portion of
e front removed, showing my improved system of piping applied thereto;
g. 2, a side elevation of a portion of the same, partly broken away to show
e interior arrangement of the supply-pipes and injector pipe; Figure 3, a
rizontal longitudinal section, on line 3-3 of Fig. 1,-Fig.
w of the systems of supply and injector tube detached, Fig. 5 an inlarged
the flexible point.
a perspective

page_text: Referring to the several views—
The letter a indicates the furnace and b the boiler, both of which may be of
the ordinary or any approved construction. The front of the furnace is provided
with the usual doors, which open into the combustion chamber, and the doors
which open into the ash-pit.
The letter n indicates a vertical-movable pipe, which is suitably protected
in a box p secured to plate, fixed in the walls of the furnace. The lower end
of this pipe is coupled by means of a tee connection to a horizontal pipe o,
extending under the grates through the ash-pit. A short distance above the
fire-grate, f, f, the upper end of the vertical pipe n is connected to a horizontal
injector-tube h, which has its free ends closed by suitable plugs and is provided
with a series of small perforations i for the escape of steam or air. The inner
end of the horizontal pipe o is connected to one end of a slightly inclined pipe
by an elbow, and a loose connection j, the loose connection is provided with an
anchor beded in the bridge wall e, thus supporting the system of pipes. The
pipe extends forward parallel with pipe o to the front of the furnace where it
is connected to a short horizontal pipe y by an elbow. The other end of the
short horizontal pipe y is connected by an elbow to one end of a vertical pipe l,
extending up but at one side of the furnace front where it is connected to one
end of a horizontal pipe z, and the rear end of said horizontal pipe, is connected
to, the steam dome, or it may be connected to any suitable source of supply,
either of air or steam. In the present instance, it is connected to the boiler,
as steam is the element used to illustrate the carrying out of the principle of my
invention. The lower end of the vertical pipe 7 is provided with a cock W,
Fig. 1, by means of which the water of condensation may be drawn off. The
vertical pipe is provided with a suitable valve m, which is operated to turn on
and shut off the supply of steam from the boiler. The vertical pipe is loosely
confined in a guide slot 3 and the steam-injector tube is limited in its normal
or lower position by slot in the guide and is so constructed that the pipes will
have a free vertical movement. Attached to the outer end of the pipe o is one
end of a chain t, the other end of which passes over pulleys and is provided
with a weight, which serves to counterbalance the set of piping.
The operation of my improved device will be readily understood from the
description heretofore given, it only being necessary to state that the injector-tube
may be raised and lowered by manipulating the chain connected to the movable
pipe o in the desired direction so that the force of the sheet, of steam or air, or
both, may be injected at the desired point, above the level of the fuel-bed.
When steam or air is turned on, the force with which it is ejected from the
tubes creates a suction which tends to draw in air through the draft-openings
in the charge-doors, which, should be left open, or partly, open, whereby the
combustion is greatly intensified.
It will be noted that by means of the loose connections, between the pipe
sections, the vertical movement of the movable pipe, and thereby the injector
tube, can be accomplished without danger to any of the parts.
In practice, I have found that the vertical adjustment of the injector-tubes
may be practically limited between a point, on a line parallel with the bottom
of the charge-door opening, and a point, on a line parallel with the top of said
opening.
It will be observed that the bridge-wall of the furnace, indicated by the
dotted lines Fig. 1, is much lower than the usually constructed wall of that
character. This low construction of wall is important as a freer, and more direct
draft, a little above the plane of the inrushing sheet of steam or air, is obtained,
'which insures the complete covering of the rear portion of the fuel-bed, a
matter that is quite important. With the high bridge-wall it has been found,
in practice, that the injected steam or air impringes against the wall, and thereby
retards the travel of combustion at that part of the furnace, which is greatly
objectionable, and the low bridge-wall is designed to obviate this objection.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. In a smoke-consuming device, the combination with a furnace, of an adjust-
able injector tube, having horizontal discharge openings, means by which steam
or air may be supplied to said tube, and means by which the injector-tube may
be vertically adjusted, at any desired point above the fuel-bed, to inject a sheet
of steam or air horizontally thereover.
2. In a smoke-consuming device, the combination with a furnace, of one or
more injector-tubes, means connected with each tube, for supplying steam or
air thereto, and means whereby the tubes may be vertically adjusted; to inject
a sheet of steam or air, or both, at different points.
3. In a smoke-consuming device, the combination with a furnace, of an adjust-
able injector-tube having horizontal discharge openings, a partly flexible supply-
conduit connected thereto, and means by which said tube may be vertically-
adjusted to inject steam or air at any desired height horizontally over the
fuel-bed.
4. In a smoke-consuming device, the combination with a furnace, of an adjust-
able injector-tube having horizontal discharge openings, a removable pipe con-
nected to said tube, a flexible supply-conduit connected to said movable pipe,
and means by which the injector-tube may be vertically-adjusted to inject steam
or air at any desired height horizontally above the fuel-bed.
5. The combination with a vertically-adjustable injector-tube, and a flexible
supply-conduit connected thereto, of a vertically-movable chain or cord, a vertical
pipe, carrying an injector-tube, connected to said chain, a flexible supply conduit
connecting a source of supply with the vertical pipe, and means for vertically
adjusting the movable chain and movable pipe.
6. The combination with a vertical pipe, fixed outside of the furnace, a hori-
zontal pipe, situated inside of the furnace, under the grate connected with the
movable pipe, an injector-tube, having horizontal discharge openings connected
to the inside vertical pipe, of a flexible supply conduit connected to said movable
pipe, and means for vertically adjusting the vertical pipe and injector-tube, and
means for fixing the flexible connection to the bridge wall.
7. In a device for consuming smoke, the combination of a supply-conduit,
composed of several sections of piping, connected together by one or more loose
couplings, and provided with one or more injector-tubes, and means whereby
said injector-tube may be vertically moved so as to inject steam or air, or both,
at any desired point or points.
8. In a device for consuming smoke, the combination of a vertically-movable
injector-tube, and suitable supply-pipes connected to said injector-tube, said
supply-pipes being connected together by one or more loose connections, to
permit of the vertical movement of the injector-tubes, and means, whereby said
injector-tubes may be moved, as and for the purpose specified.
9. In a device for consuming smoke, the combination of independently_adjust-
able injector-tube, and one or more dependent flexible supply-conduits, and means
for vertically adjusting said injector-tube, whereby jets of steam or air, or both,
may be injected at one or different points.
ay
of June 1899.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, and 26, Cross Street, Manchester,
Agents.