IMPROVE. MENTS IN TEXTILE FABRICS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS EMPLOYED FOR EFFECTING THE SAME
Year: 1867

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Stewart, of Hamilton, in the County of
Lanark, North Britain, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN TEXTILE FABRICS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS EMPLOYED FOR
EFFECTING THE SAME."
Sealed the 18th February 1868, and dated the 29th August 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Stewart at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, ou the 29th
August 1867.
I, ALEXANDER STEWART, of Hamilton, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention'
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TEXTILE FABRICS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS
EMPLOYED FOR EFFECTING THE SAME," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention; which relates to certain arrangements of mechanism for
printing warps by which certain improved and new effects or appearances are
produced upon the cloth made with warps so treated, consists as follows:-
The part of the warp to be printed is carried upon a beam in the ordinary
manner, and is led therefrom over a roller on which the blanket used in warp
printing machines travels, from which point it is conducted round a steam can
and thence to the warp beam. Near to that point where the warp-passes:
over the blanket one or more revolving-printing-rollers-are-placed,-which-
revolve in proximity to the warp as it travels, and therefore being supplied
Price 8d.1

page_text: with printing liquid the pattern of the roller or rollers is transmitted to the
warp. To produce the new appearance upon the cloth it is necessary to
separate the printed warp threads by warp threads of another colour; this is
effected by putting the other half of the warp upon a separate beam, and in
passing the printed and unprinted warp threads through separate splits in a
reed, after passing through which the two parts of the warp are wound up
upon the warp beam ready for being placed in the loom to be woven into
cloth. The printed or unprinted parts of the warp may be proportioned to
any extent desired; and if it is desired to print more than one colour on the
warp the part or parts on which other colours are so printed is passed over
another roller, and acted upon by a separate printing roller for each colour
required, the printed and unprinted parts of the warp being kept separate
from each other until reaching the warp beam; and in case of portions of
the warp being printed with two or more colours the different coloured parts
are kept separate until passing round the steam can or cylinder, whereon.they
are dried. From the main moving parts of the machine a shaft is actuated for
rotating a large steam can, round which the blanket passes, and whereon it is
dried by travelling over the heated surface.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Alexander Stewart in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
24th February 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
STEWART, of Hamilton, in the County of Lauark, North Britain, Manu-
facturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant uuto me, the
said Alexander Stewart, Her special license that I, the said Alexander
Stewart, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as me, the
said Alexander Stewart, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at
any time agree with and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, aud Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN TEXTILE FABRICS, AND IN THE APPARATUS OR MEANS FOR EFFECTING THE

page_text: SAME" upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Alexander
Stewart, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in wliat
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Stewart, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is 'to' be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings, and
to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say:-
i
My said Invention, which relates to certain arrangements of mechanism for
printing warps by which certain improved and new effects or appearances are'
produced upon the cloth made with warps so treated, consists as follows:-
The part of the warp to be printed is carried upon a beam in the ordinary!
manner, and is led therefrom over a roller on which the blanket used in warp
printing machines travels, from which point it is conducted round a steam-
can and thence to the warp beat. Near to that point where the warp
passes over the blanket one or more revolving printing rollers are placed
which revolve in proximity to the warp as it travels, and therefore being
supplied with printing liquid the pattern of the roller or rollers is transmitted
to the warp. To produce the new appearance upon the cloth it is necessary
to.separate the printed warp threads by warp threads of another colour; this
is effected by putting the other half of the warp upon a separate beam, and in
passing the printed and unprinted warp threads through separate splits in a
reed; after passing through which the two parts of the warp are wound up
upon the warp beam ready for being placed in the loom to be woven into
cloth. The printed or unprinted parts of the warp may be proportioned to
any.extent desired, and if it is desired to print more than one colour in the
warp the part or parts on which other colours are so printed is passed-over
another roller and acted upon by a separate printing roller for each colour
required, the printed and unprinted parts of the warp being kept separate
from each other until reaching the warp beam; and in case of portions of the
warp being printed with two or more colours the different coloured parts are
kept separate until passing round the steam can or cylinder whereon they are
dried. From the main-moving parts of the machine-a-shaft-is actuated for
-rotating a large steam-can-round-which-the-blanket passes and whereon it is
-dried by travelling-over the heated surface---
Am din order that my said Invention may be properly-understood I now

page_text: proceed to more particularly describe the system, mode, or manner in or
under which the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect,
reference being had, for the sake of more complete elucidation, to the several
Figures upon the explanatory Sheet of Drawings which I have hereunto
appended, that is to say :-
Figure 1 is a side elevation and Figure 2 a plan of a warp printing
machine by which my Invention may be carried into effect. The part of the
warp a to be printed is carried upon the beam A fitted in suitable brackets B
which are bolted to the framing C. The remaining part of warp 6 which
is to be left unprinted is carried upon the beam D placed on the top of the
framing. The colour used in printing is carried in the trough E, and is
supplied to the pattern roller F by the blanket c which passes round the
roller G revolving in the colour trough E, and the roller H thus revolving or
travelling in contact with the pattern roller F. The printing blanket dis
passed round the roller I, and carried on the small supporting rollers e to the
steam can orcylinder J, which is constructed of such a size and placed at a
suitable distance from the printing machine as to admit it being dried before
the same part of the blanket returns to the roller I. The part of the warp a
which has to be printed passes between the blanket d on the roller I. and the
patteru roller F, thence to the steam can K, where it is dried and mixed with
the clean or unprinted part of the warp bas it passes over the roller L, and
the whole warp is now wound upon the beam M. N is a pressure drum
resting upon the beam M and causing the warp to be wound uniformly
thereon. The drum N is carried in suitable slot brackets y, so that the drum
may arrange itself according to the quantity of warp wound upon the beam M.
The machine is provided with fast and loose pulleys, O, O¹, the belt by which
they are actuated being shifted from one to the other as required by the
fork F which is worked by the levers g, h, on the driving shaft i. A driving
cone is keyed for actuating the cone k keyed on the shaft b, so that the
speed of the beam M may be increased or diminished by shifting the belt m
by means of the fork n which is actuated by the screw and hand wheel o.
On the end of the shaft ba pinion is keyed gearing into the wheel p on the
shaft q, which carries on the other end, the pinion r gearing into the slip
motion wheels by which the beam M is actuated. The printing rollers are
driven by spur gearing actuated by bevil gearing t, t, on the countershaft u.
The drying can J is driven from the main shaft i by the bevil gearing V, V₁,
on the inclined shaft W, which communicate motion to the pinion P gearing
into the toothed segments Q bolted round the cylinder J. The bearings of
the cylinder are carried on the antifriction rollers R supported in suitable

page_text: brackets S. T, T¹, are the steam supply pipes for heating the steam cans J
and K; U, U, are exhaust pipes. The machine is also provided with reeds
of the usual kind where necessary for dividing the warps.
The mode of operating with the machine is as follows:-The part of the
warp a to be printed is wound upon the beam A, and the part 6 to be left
unprinted is wound upon the beam D. The part a is passed between the
pattern roller F and the blanket d on the roller I, thence round the steam
can K to the roller L, where both parts of the warp are united and connected
to the beam M. The trough E is filled with colour, and the driving belt
turned on to the fast pulley o, and the operation of printing now commences,
the speed of the beam M being regulated from time to time by means of the
cones j, k, according to the quantity of warp which is "beamed." A suitable
index not shown in the Drawings is provided for reckoning the number of
yards printed. When the quantity of the warp to be printed does not fill the
full breadth of the machine suitable brackets W, W', are provided which can
be closed up to suit any length of rollers, as shown on Figure 2. The breadth
of the printing blanket is also arranged to suit the width of warp to be
printed.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner in
which the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, I would
observe in conclusion that I do not consider to have invented any separate
detail; but what I do consider novel and original and therefore claim as the
Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent
is, the general arrangement and construction of mechanism for printing warps,
as herein-before described and shown in the accompanying Drawings, or any
mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Stewart, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of February, One thousand
eight hundred and sixty-seven.
ALEX. STEWART. (L.B.)
Witness,
ST. JOHN VINCENT DAY, C. E.
Patent Office, 166, Buchanan Street,
Glasgow.