CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES"
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Constantine of Heaton near Bolton in the County
of Lancaster Cotton Spinner, for an Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS
IN CARDING ENGINES"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Constantine at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th September 1883.
JOSEPH CONSTANTINE of Heaton near Bolton in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner. "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES."
This invention relates to improvements in carding machines or engines for
carding cotton and other fibrous materials, and consists in an arrangement whereby
the current of air between the carding cylinder and the doffing cylinder, caused
by their revolving action is entirely dispensed with, or nearly so; at the same time
preventing the collection of "fly" or waste on the doffer cylinder; as well as the
blowing or passing of cotton or other fibrous substances, or waste over the " doffer,"
thus keeping the front part of the carding engine where the cotton or other fibrous
substances is being delivered in a workable state, and free from dirt or other
impurities; thereby enhancing the value of the production of the card, with its
attendant results in the quality of the yarn.
In carrying the said invention into practice, I place immediately over the point
where the carding cylinder and the doffer cylinder converge, a suitably shaped
bar the outside of which is concaved on each side to the diameter of either cylinder,
to allow of its being placed close to the clothing of each cylinder. The side next
to the carding cylinder is extended upwards, and rests or sits on the set plate on
the end of the covering, the end being made either straight or lipped.
To facilitate the cleaning and brushing of the clothing, and dispense with the
necessity of removal, I provide and support the upper end of the extended cover
over the carding cylinder on hinges; the opening formed by such being covered by
a lip extending downwards on the extended cover below the hinge. To ensure a
perfectly even surface and prevent any lodgement, the top side or edge of the
bar is recessed to the thickness of the extended or hinged plate, therefore when

page_text: the hinged plate or cover is in its place the concaved face next to the carding
cylinder is absolutely perfect.
The bar is supported in suitable fixings provided for the purpose with either
slots, pins or other equivalents, and secured by any convenient means to the
framing of the carding engine. The bar can be made either hollow or solid of any
suitable material, such as, sheet brass, copper, iron, tinned iron, wood or other
similar materials.
The novelty of this invention is that of reducing the effects of the air current
between the carding and doffing cylinders to a minimum, at the same time
dispensing with the collection of "fly" or waste, or the blowing of cotton or other
fibrous materials over the "doffer;" therby improving the quality of the
production of the carding engine.
Another important feature is, that the clothing of the carding cylinder can be
brushed or cleaned without interfering with the ordinary cover as is the case at
the present time; at the same time entirely enclosing the carding cylinder from
the "doffer."

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Joseph Constantine in the Patent Office on the 11th March 1884.
JOSEPH CONSTANTINE of Heaton near Bolton in the County of Lancaster Cotton
Spinner CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN CARDING ENGINES
This invention relates to improvements in Carding machines or engines for
carding cotton and other fibrous materials, and consists in an arrangement whereby
the current of air between the carding cylinder and the doffing cylinder-caused
by their revolving action-is dispensed with or nearly so; at the same time
preventing the collection of "fly" or waste on the doffer cylinder; as well as the
blowing or passing of cotton or other fibrous substances or waste over the "doffer,"
thus keeping the front part of the carding engine where the cotton or other fibrous
substances are delivered in a workable state and free from dirt or other impurities;
thereby increasing the value of the production of the carding engine with its
attendant results in the quality of the yarn.
In order that my invention may be properly understood and readily carried into
operation I will proceed to describe the accompanying drawings, reference being
made to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a part side elevation of a carding engine; Fig 2 a part plan: Fig: 3
a part front elevation of the carding cylinder with the doffer removed. A is the
carding cylinder; B the doffer cylinder; C the cover over the front part of the
carding cylinder A and the top side of the doffer B, thus forming a cavity in which
the air current takes place through the revolving action of the said cylinder and
doffer with the result of collecting "fly" or waste on the doffer B, also the blowing
of cotton or other substances being carded, as well as dirt and other impurities,
which are detrimental to the production of good yarn.
To overcome these difficulties, I entirely enclose the carding cylinder A in the
cavity or air space between the set plate and the doffer cylinder, by placing the
bar D and lip or projection D' immediately over the point where the carding
cylinder and doffer converge; the outsides being concaved to the diameter of either
cylinder as shewn in Fig: 1. to allow of their close proximity to the clothing-
The lip or projection D¹ on the bar D is provided with the hinged door E, which
extends upwards and rests on the set plate G, thus entirely enclosing the carding
cylinder A, and confining the air current until such times as the point of contact
is reached or nearly so, when the dirt or other imperfections are passed downwards
instead of over the doffer B.
To facilitate the cleaning and brushing of the clothing on the carding cylinder
and dispense with the necessity of removing the bar D and the lip or projection D¹
the upper part E is hinged to the projection D¹ which can be performed by dropping
it backwards after the cover C is lifted as shewn in Fig: 4.
The bar D is supported in the fixings H secured to the frame sides J in any
convenient way, or in case the cylinder is too close a fit to the casing it can be
carried from the top side of the casing or frame laterally.
The bar D can be made hollow as shewn, or solid, of any suitable materials,
such as, sheet brass, copper, iron, tinned iron, wood or other analogous materials.
Figure 5, is an enlarged view of the hinged joint, shewing the recess on the
inside of the lip or projection D' to receive the bottom edge of the door E when
shut thus making a perfectly even surface, and prevent any lodgement for the
imperfections before described.
Having fully set forth and indicated the nature of my said invention and the

page_text: manner in which I carry the same into practical effect I would have it to be
understood that I claim :—
The combination of the projection D¹ and the hinged door E with the bar D,
when used in connection with carding engines for the purposes herein set forth,
constructed, and applied substantially as described and as shewn in the drawings
or any modification thereof.
In witness whereof I the said Joseph Constantine have hereunto set my hand
and seal this tenth day of March, one thousand eight hundred and eighty four
JOSEPH CONSTANTINE (LS)