A New or Improved Machine for Dyeing, Finishing, Sizing, Washing, or Similarly Treating Yarn.
Year: 1896

page_text: A New or Improved Machine for Dyeing, Finishing, Sizing, Washing,
or Similarly Treating Yarn.
We, FRANCIS DAVIES of 17, 19, and 21 Fleming Square, Blackburn, Consulting
Engineer, and ADOLF LIEBMANN, M.A., Ph.D., of 10 Marsden Street, Manchester,
Consulting Chemist, both in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a machine which may be used for dyeing, finishing,
sizing, washing, impregnating or otherwise similarly treating yarns, and which
may, in addition, be employed for stretching such treated yarns.
A machine constructed to embody these Improvements consists essentially of
two rollers upon which the hanks of yarn are placed, one roller being arranged
above the other. Either or both of the rollers may be suitably driven by power
or otherwise, but it is preferred to directly drive the lower one only, which in
turn drives the upper roller through the medium of the superimposed yarn.
Any convenient means or devices may be employed for moving one of the rollers
either towards or away from the other, or, if desired, both the rollers may be
moved so as to decrease or increase the distance between them. This movement
may be conveniently effected by mounting the bearings of one or both of the
rollers in a slide or the like and engaging them with a rotatable screw. Other
suitable or similar devices may however be employed.
Arranged between the rollers is a sprinkler consisting of a perforated tube or
the like, by means of which any desired liquid may be sprayed upon the yarn.
The bottom roller rotates within, or partly within, a trough or tank in which
the required liquid is placed and by means of which the yarn is impregnated or
otherwise treated.
We have herein before described our improved machine as consisting of one
pair of rollers only, but it may consist of any convenient number of such pairs.
In a preferred form of machine, two rollers are mounted upon each shaft, and
cach shaft is mounted upon a central bearing. One end of each roller is thus free,
and the hanks may be easily placed in position.
Although we have described the rollers of each pair as occupying a position one
above the other, it will be understood that they may be placed in the same
horizontal plane without departing from the spirit of our Invention.
Dated this 28th day of September, A.D. 1896.
W. E. HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.

page_text: A New or Improved Machine for Dyeing, Finishing, Sizing, Washing,
or Similarly Treating Yarn.
We, FRANCIS DAVIES of 17, 19, and 21 Fleming Square, Blackburn, Consulting
Engineer, and ADOLF LIEBMANN, M.A., Ph.D., of 10 Marsden Street, Manchester,
Consulting Chemist, both in the County of Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This Invention relates to a new or improved machine which may be used for
dyeing, finishing, sizing, washing, impregnating or otherwise treating yarns, and
which machine may, in addition, be employed in stretching such treated yarns.
machine constructed to embody these improvements consists essentially of two
rollers upon which the hanks of yarn are placed, one roller being arranged, pre-
ferably, above the other. There may be any convenient number of such pairs of
rollers in the same machine. Either or both of each pair of rollers may be
suitably driven by power or otherwise, but it is preferred to drive the lower one
only, in which case the other roller is rotated through the agency of the yarn
which passes around both rollers.
Any convenient means or devices may be employed for moving or displacing
cne of the rollers of a pair in such a manner as to increase or diminish the distance
between their parallel axes or, for displacing both rollers for the same purpose.
This displacement may be conveniently effected by mounting the roller bearings
in a slide block which can be traversed in the plane of the roller axes by screw
and nut. Other suitable devices and appliances may however be employed for the
same purpose.
A sprinkler may be arranged between the rollers and may consist simply of a
perforated or slotted pipe by means of which any desired liquid may be sprayed
upon the yarn.
The lower roller of each pair rotates within or partly within a cistern in which
the desired liquid is placed and by means of which the yarn is impregnated or
treated.
Although we have described and shall hereinafter describe the rollers of each
pair as occupying a position one above the other, it will be understood that they
may be arranged diagonally, and in some cases horizontally, without departing
from our invention.
We will more particularly describe our said Invention with reference to the
accompanying drawings, in which:-
Figure 1, shews a vertical transverse section;
Figure 2, a partia. horizontal section of two contiguous lower rollers; and
Figure 3, a similar section of two upper rollers.
Figure 4, represents a sectional side elevation;
Figure 5, a sectional plan, shewing the gearing;
Figure 6, a sectional plan, shewing the cistern surorts;
Figure 7, a sectional elevation, shewing the gearing:
Figure 8, a cross section through one of the cisterns;
Figure 9, an end elevation of one of the cisterns;
Figure 10, a sectional elevation of part of a cistern; and,
Figure 11, a plan of part of the same cistern.
Some of the Figures are, for greater clearness, drawn to an enlarged scale.
The machine illustrated is supposed to be constructed with two parallel series
of rollers in pairs, the two series being respectively arranged on opposite sides of

page_text: a central vertical plane. The rollers are arranged upon through shafts, that is
to say, on any given through shaft there are arranged. two lower or two upper
rellers as the case may be, one upon each side of the imaginary vertical plane.
There are arranged with the rollers, two corresponding cisterns or series of cisterns
in which the lower rollers rotate. It is desired to be understood however that the
machine may be so constructed as to include a single pair of rollers or a plurality
of such pairs in single or in double series.
The yarn, wound in hanks or similarly, is arranged upon and around the
rollers A A, as many hanks being arranged upon each pair of rollers as will
conveniently occupy them. Each lower roller A¹ rotates within the cistern B as
shewn. It is commonly more convenient that the upper rollers should be dis-
placable with reference to the lower rollers in order to produce and release the
stretching action hereinafter described. These rollers are mounted upon the
through shafts C, each of which is borne, between the rollers, by a sliding block D,
upon one side of which there is a projecting part having a vertical hole E with a
female screw thread therein to act as a nut for the vertical screw D. The sliding
blocks move between the vertical guides F', which also acts as supports for the
bride piece F, in which there are formed the upper bearings for he traversing
screws D. The lower ends of the screws are borne in the block G. On the
upper end of each of the screws there is fixed a worm wheel H, with whicn gears
a worm H fixed upon the longitudinal shaft H. Hence, if this shaft be rotated
in one direction, the upper rollers will be lifted and if in the other direction, they
will be lowered. The means for effecting these rotations will be hereinafter
described.
The lower rollers A' are similarly mounted upon the parallel through shafts
which are borne at their centres by the stationary block G. All these shafts are
geared together by the spur wheels I I, so that alternate rollers rotate in opposite
directions, although this is not essential. If then, the wheel at either end of the
series be rotated, all the lower rollers will be rotated and, at the same time, when
the yarn is in the machine, the yarn acts as driving hands to effect the simul-
taneous rotation of the upper rollers. It may however be arranged that the upper
rollers may be positively driven in addition to or in substitution for the driving
of the lower rollers.
It is in some cases necessary to have both rollers temporarily clear of the liquid
in the tanks. For this purpose we may either arrange to temporarily lower the
cisterns as, and by the mechanism shewn by Figures 1 and 4, or as will be presently
described with reference to Figures 8, 9, 10, 11.
As shewn by Figure 1 the cisterns B are carried by the arms or angle
brackets, bolted upon or forming part of the sliding block B, the central part
of which is bored and provided with an internal serew thread forming a nut for
the screw J, which can be rotated by the worm wheel J and worm J. All the
worms J2 are on the common shaft J³, so that when the latter is rotated, the
eisterns will be raised or lowered according to the direction of rotation, which may
be effected by the hand wheel J, see Figure 6, or by gearing. When the cisterns.
are lowered, the may be received upon trolleys on which they can be removed away
from the machine. When the rollers have to be submerged in the liquid con-
tained in the cisterns, the latter are generally too heavy to be raised and lowered
with their contents with convenience and safety. In such cases we arrange for
the liquid to be withdrawn by opening the valve K, attached to each cistern.
The withdrawn liquor may be run into a receiving tank and be returned when
required by a pump or other elevator. The same valve may be utilised for pro-
vicing an overflow by making the valve body hollow and extending its casing
upwards so that it terminates with an open mouth K, Figure 10, at the desired
level. As the shaft C passes through the cistern wall in this case, it will he
understood that the opening must be packed to make a liquid tight joint C in the
usual known manner. With the deeper cisterns also, it will be found convenient
for the more ready insertion and removal of the yarn, and for cleansing purposes,

page_text: that one of the sides of the cistern or part of, one of the sides, should be formed by
.a door, Figures 8 and 9. This door L, may be hinged at L' along its bottom edge,
and be secured by the screw bolts and hand wheel nuts L2, the bolts being
pivoted at L3 so as to fold back out of the way when loosened. It will be evident
that the door joints must be packed in the usual known manner so as to be liquid
tight. In addition to the valve outlet already described, there may be an inde-
pendent supplementary outlet M, controlled by an external valve which, is-not
shewn.
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Any suitable type of gearing may be employed for securing the necessary
motion of the moving parts of the machine. Thus, as shewn by Figures 4 and 5
there are, on the shaft N, a fast and loose pulley 00', the former of which, O,
is driven from a suitable source of motion. The worm or pinion N¹ on this shaft
gears with and rotates the worm wheel or spur wheel N, fixed upon the shaft 1.
On this shaft there are freely mounted the two opposed mitre wheels Q Q' and the
spur wheel R.
Each of the wheels Q Q and R is capable of being connected
with the shaft so as to be compelled to rotate therewith, by the clutches S and S
which may be of any suitable construction. The spur wheel R gears with the
end wheel I, already described, so that when R is in gear by means of its clutch,
it can effect the rotation of the whole number of the lower rollers. Above the
entre of the shaft P and with its produced axis midway between the mitre
wheels QQ, there is a vertical shaft T, having fixed upon its lower end the mitre
wheel T gearing with the wheels Q Q', and upon its upper end, a bevel wheel U,
gearing with the bevel pinion U¹ fixed upon the end of the shaft H2 already
described. It will be seen that the shaft T can be rotated in either direction
according to the position of the clutch S, and that consequently the shaft H2 can
also be rotated in either direction, thus raising or lowering the upper rollers as
previously herein set forth. Either of the traversing screws can be independently
rotated for adjustment by putting the worm and worm wheel out of gear, for
example by lifting off the wheel H and rotating the screw by a key or handwheel
placed upon the square upper end of the screw.
We will describe the operation of the machine as employed in the production
of a silky lustre on egyptian, sea island or other long stapled cotton yarn, for
which purpose the machine illustrated has been more especially designed.
The hanks of yarn having been arranged upon the rollers, the latter are set in
motion, and the tank is filled with the caustic soda or other mercerising solution
of the usual mercerising strength. The treatment having been continued, until
the mercerisation is completed, the valves K are opened and the cisterns are thus
emptied. The motion of the rollers being continued, the gearing may be put into
action which displaces the upper rollers away from the lower, as already described
so as to produce the stretching action on the yarn. It must be observed. that the
action of mercerisation itself produces a contractile action on the yarn and that
therefore in the first place, the rollers may be adjusted so that the yarn is moderately
slack. r, if the yarn is tight to commence with, the contractile action will in
itself produce a stretching effect which may be supplemented by the displacement
of the rollers. The total amount of stretching may be such as to stretch the yarn
only slightly beyond its original length. The stretching action having been
completed and stopped for a minute or two, the yarn is well douched or sprayed
by means of the sprinklers Y Y, which are arranged between the rollers and
connected with a suitable water service. The rotation of the rollers may be
continued during the washing thus effected, and the water may escape through
the open door L or the outlet M, or may accumulate in the cistern so that
eventually the lower rollers rotate in it. After the completion of the washing,
the yarn may, whilst still in the machine, be subjected to supplementary treatment
such as with dilute acetic acid and soap solutions and the like.
The yarn is
ultimately removed and replaced by fresh yarn with which the operations can be
repeated.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is:
1. In a machine for treating yarn with liquids, the combination of a lower roller
er rollers with a corresponding upper roller or rollers, a cistern or cisterns in which
the lower roller or rollers can be rotated, gearing for rotating the rollers and
relatively displacing them, and sprinklers; constructed and arranged substantially
us hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2. A machine for treating yarn with liquids, constructed arranged and operated
substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
Datad this wrth dose of Inne T 1907
W. E. HEYS & SON,
Agents for the Applicants.