NEW-INVENTED ÅRT OF MAKING TABLE FORK BLADES, BOTH SCALE AND ROUND TONGS, WITH TWO, THREE, OR MORE PRONGS; ALSO SPRING KNIFE SCALES COMMONLY CALLED TUTTEAN OR POCKETT KNIFE SCALES, OP VARIOUS SORTS, WHICH HE CASTS FROM CAST METAL CALLED PIGG IRON, EITHER INTIRE OF THE METAL, OR INTERMIXED WITH STEEL OR OTHER METAL OR METALS, WHICH BY A NEW PREPARATION OF TEMPERING THE SEVERAL ARTICLES RENDERS THEM SUFFICIENTLY STRONG AND ELASTICK FOR EVERY PURPOSE AND USE TO WHICH THE
Year: 1781

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, JAMES
REAVES, of Chesterfield, in the County of Derby, Table Fork Maker, sends
greeting.
WHEREAS the King's most Excellent Majesty, by Letters Patent under
the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the Twenty-first day of
February, in the year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and eighty-
one, and in the twenty-first year of His said Majesty's reign, gave and granted.
unto the said James Reaves, his executors, administrators, and assigns, His
Majesty's special licence, full power, sole priviledge and authority, for the
said James Reaves, his exors, adñors, or assigns, and every of them, by
himself, themselves, or by his or their deputy or deputies, servants or agents,
or such other as the said James Reaves, his exors, admors, or assigns, shall
at any time agree with, not exceeding the number of five, and no other, from
time to time and at all times during the term of years therein expressed,
to make, use, exercise, and vend his "NEW-INVENTED ÅRT OF MAKING TABLE
FORK BLADES, BOTH SCALE AND ROUND TONGS, WITH TWO, THREE, OR MORE PRONGS;
ALSO SPRING KNIFE SCALES COMMONLY CALLED TUTTEAN OR POCKETT KNIFE SCALES,
OP VARIOUS SORTS, WHICH HE CASTS FROM CAST METAL CALLED PIGG IRON, EITHER
INTIRE OF THE METAL, OR INTERMIXED WITH STEEL OR OTHER METAL OR METALS,
WHICH BY A NEW PREPARATION OF TEMPERING THE SEVERAL ARTICLES RENDERS THEM
SUFFICIENTLY STRONG AND ELASTICK FOR EVERY PURPOSE AND USE TO WHICH THE

page_text: SAME MAY BE APPLIED," in the Kingdom of Great Britain called England, the
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to
him, the said James Reaves, his exors, admors, and assigns, or any of them,
should in their direction seem meet, to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the
said licence, power, priviledge, and advantage to the said James Reaves, his
exors, admors, and assigns, for the term of fourteen years from the date of the
said Letters Patent next immediately ensuing, and fully to be compleat
and ended, according to the Statute in that case made and provided; in which
said Letters Patent is a proviso that if the said James Reaves should not
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
which manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under
his hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within four calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and
all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease,
determine, and become void.
NOW KNOW HE, that I, the said James Reaves, in pursuance of the
said provisoe in the said Letters Patent contained, do hereby declare that the
nature of my said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be
performed, appears and is described in manner and form following (that is to
say):
That the said fork blades and knife scales are either made from iron stone,
properly flux'd of itself or intermixed with pig iron, wrought iron, steel, or
other metal or metals, which is brought down into a proper fluid either in
a blast or air furnace otherwise from cast iron, commonly called pig iron,
occasionally intermixed with wrought iron, steel, or other metals, brought
down into a proper fluid, either in a blast or air furnace, which, when done,
take flarks, or what is commonly called casting moulds, fill'd with sand or loam,
wherein the impression of the said articles are made by patterns of the
different forms and shapes of the said fork blades and knife scales; when
these are prepar'd take the metal while in its fluid state and pour it in into
the above-mentioned casting moulds. When the said articles are taken out of
the moulds they are in a proper form, but are quite hard and brittle, and will
very easily break; therefore to make them elastick and tough, sufficient to
bear the stress a fork blade or knife scale is put to, I take the following
method, which I call nealing or tempering them:-Prepare a body of fire and
put the articles so cast into it either in a pan or pot, and keep them on a
gradual heat for a number of hours; then let them cool gradually, and the
articles so cast will then be quite elastick and tough for the above purpose.

page_text: Of these articles there are as great a variety of forms and shapes as heretofore
have been made by forging them, and these said fork blades and knife scales.
may be made in any form or shape that can possibly be needful for any purpose
for which fork blades and tuttean or pockett knife scales are applicable.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirty-
first day of May, in the twenty-first year of the reign of our Sovereign
Lord George the Third, by the grace of God of Great Britain, France,
and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, &c., and in the year of our
Lord One thousand seven hundred and eighty-one..
Signed, sealed, and delivered, by the
above-named James Reaves, in the
presence of
ANTH. LAX.
WE D
JAMES (L.S.) REAVES.
Inrolled the Second day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
seven hundred and eighty-one.