IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND TREATING CORN AND OTHER A
Year: 1883

page_text: GRAIN
LETTERS PATENT to William Lloyd Wise of 46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, in the
County of Middlesex for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND TREATING CORN AND OTHER
A communication from Achille Mariotte, Abel Mariotte, and Eugèno Boffy,
persons resident at Paris, in the Republic of France
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Lloyd Wise at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th January 1883.
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE of 46 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND TREATING
CORN AND OTHER GRAIN (a communication from Achille Mariotte, Abel Mariotto,
and Eugène Boffy, persons resident at Paris in the Republic of France)
This invention relates to a portable machine comprising three principal parts
namely a pair of Bat metallic grinding discs of hard or hardened metal prepared as
described hereinafter and arranged horizontally one above the other-a shaking
sieve that conducts the product from the grinding apparatus and a revolving sifter
that may be connected to a ventilator such as a fan or blower.
These three portions of the combined machine are detachable one from another,
to facilitate removal or transport of the apparatus. The grinding discs may either
be each in one piece or built or made up of sections.
They are of small diameter the working faces being prepared in a similar
manner as described below.
The working face of each disc is divided into a number of equal sectors separated
by radial grooves or channels.
Each sector is formed with a number of slightly inclined grooves or channels the
first being nearly radial. Each groove slightly widens and deepens towards the
axis of the disc.
By this fan like arrangement efficient grinding of corn or other grain may bo
effected by a single pair of discs or grinding surfaces, each having a slight
depression towards the axis.

page_text: The grain having been passed between the grinding surfaces, whilst at their
farthest distance apart is received by the shaking sieve which contains two meshed
divisions which retain the coarser portions of the ground grain.
These portions are then with the adhering bran repassed between the grinding
surfaces which for this second operation are placed nearer together. The finer
portions of the once ground grain traverse the two meshed divisions of the shaking
sieve and pass through an inclined passage to the rotating sieve which has meshes
of different sizes so that the fine produce is allowed to pass.
The coarser products from the sieve are successively repassed through the
grinding apparatus and so on until denudation of the exterior part of the corn, and
elimination of the bran are effected.
When this phase of the first operations has been accomplished there results a
large proportion of clean semolina with little meal, and the bran is eliminated.
The different grades of semolina which have been sifted and classed by the
rotating sieve are then repassed in turn between the grinding surfaces placed
nearer together and through the shaking sieve and rotating sieve and the rest of
the meal is removed and the semolina converted into fine flour or oatmeal.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said William Lloyd Wise in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th July 1883.
WILLIAM LLOYD WISE of 46 Lincolns Inn Fields in the County of Middlesex
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR GRINDING AND TREATING CORN
AND OTHER GRAIN (a communication from Achille Mariotte, Abel Mariotte and
Eugène Boffy, persons resident at Paris in the Republic of France)
This invention relates to a portable machine comprising three principal parts,
namely, a pair of metallic grinding discs of hard or hardened metal prepared as
described hereinafter and arranged horizontally one above the other, shaking.
sieve or riddle that conducts the produce from the grinding apparatus, and a
revolving sifter or bolter that may be connected to a ventilator such as a fan or
blower. These three portions of the combined machine are detachable one from
another to facilitate removal or transport of the apparatus.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is an elevation and part section of
apparatus according to this invention.
Fig 2 is a plan, and
Fig. 3 an elevation at right angles to Fig. 1.
A is the framework carrying the grinding disca A A" and their accessories, B is
the shaking sieve and C the revolving sifter enclosed within a casing D which is
provided with lateral openings closed by flaps. The grinding discs A' A" are of
small diameter and may either be each in one piece or built or made up of sections.
The working face of each disc is divided by radial or nearly radial grooves or
channels a into a number of equal sectors ench of which is prepared in the
following manner, that is to say, commencing from the outer edge or periphery a
number of grooves are formed in the face of the sector and these grooves are
separated by ridges. The width of each groove and of each ridge at the outer edge
or periphery of the sector is about ½ of an inch (1 millimetre). The ridges care
of uniform width almost to their inner extremities where they are pointed as
shewn. The grooves or channels b on the contrary gradually widen towards their
inner ends in which direction also they gradually deepen but to a less extent than
they widen. The bottoms of the grooves are of a rounded form. Those grooves
that extend to the inner edge of the sector may conveniently be about '/, of an
inch (4 millimetres) wide there. The ridges chave parallel sides and flat faces the
edges being slightly rounded off thus forming strong teeth. It will be understood
that the flat tops of the ridges c constitute the operating face of the disc which
must be perfectly flat in the case of the stationary grinding disc A". The face of
the revolving disc A' comprises an outer zone or annulus of about from 1 to 3
inches (30 to 80 millimetres) which is quite flat and connects with an inner zone or
annulus having a slight depression or upward inclination towards the axis to
facilitate the passage of the material to be operated upon between the discs.
Each disc may be in one piece, with the grooves or channels formed therein or
each sector with its grooves or channels, may be formed separately, the sectors
being fixed to the disc (as shewn at a a¹ in Fig. 6) after they have been grooved
and tempered.
Figs 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 which are to a larger scale shew successively the positions
the grooves or channels on one grinding disc assume in relation to those on the
other, as the upper disc rotates.

page_text: By the use in the manner described below of a single pair of grinding discs thus
formed the complete and efficient grinding of the corn or other grain may be
effected. The teeth or ridges nearest the centre of the discs serve chiefly to crush
the grain, at the middle part they serve to separate the bran; and where the
intervening grooves are narrow the teeth operate to effect the conversion into flour
of semolina and groats which have been dressed or purified by anterior operations.
The grain as well cleaned as possible is fed by a hopper or otherwise to the
passage E whence it passes into the recess F and between the two grinding
discs A' A" which are for the first operation situated at their greatest distance
apart. The grain is hardly touched by the inner ends of the teeth but is principally
operated on by the middle and outer portions,-at this operation it yields very
little flour and this which is mixed with the dust present on the husk and in the
crevices of the grain, is of bad quality, and must be separately bolted. The grain
thus crushed, bruised and rubbed along the grooves, is received on the upper meshed
division t of the shaking sieve or riddle B which retains the large bruised portions
and allows the other parts to pass, the finer through a strainer G to the rotary
sifter or bolter C, the coarser into a bucket or basket m. After this preliminary
crushing and cleaning operation the coarse material retained by the first division t
and passed by it into the basket n is again passed between the two grinding discs.
It now offers less resistance than during the preceding operation and is more
strongly operated on, a small quantity of bran is produced but the yield of flour
is still very small and is accompanied by a little white groats. The product is
again received by the riddle B. The coarser parts are retained by the divisions t
and which pass them into the vessels mn, the finer portions go into the sieve
or holter C which allows the flour and very fine groats to pass but rejects portions
still unclean and which are afterwards again operated upon. The operation is
repeated a sufficient number of times until the semolina and groats have
successively passed through the divisions t t and left on them only the bran and
the germs or other flat Bexible particles-Then the groats, more or less clean which
have passed over the strainer Ġ are again treated. They are further purified by
repassing them through once or oftener if deemed necessary and if it is desired to
obtain a high class flour; after which when the semolina and groats have been
sufficiently purified they may be converted into flour of good quality by causing
them to pass between grinding discs placed as near together as possible.
Thus with a single pair of grinding dises if the operations be repeated for a
sufficient number of times very fine flour may be obtained from groats especially
if the products rejected by the sieve or bolter be subjected to ventilation before
they are subjected to a fresh operation.
To alter the distance apart of the discs the axis of the upper disc is arranged to
be able to slide through the horizontal bevil wheel although the said axis is
compelled by a key or feather to rotate with that wheel the footstep that supports
the lower end of the vertical axis being adjustable it will be evident that without
raising or lowering the horizontal bevil wheel the disc A' may be readily adjusted
to a greater or less distance from the disc A".
Having described the nature of the said invention and the manner of carrying
the same into practical effect as communicated to me as aforesaid I would have it
understood that what is considered to be novel and original and is therefore
claimed as secured to me under the Letters Patent first hereinabove in part
recited, is.―
1. A machine for grinding and treating corn and other grain comprising a pair
of horizontal grinding discs such as referred to in claim 2, a double shaking sieve
whose divisions have meshes of different sizes, and a revolving sifter, the whole
constructed arranged and operating substantially as described and shewn.
2. The use in apparatus for grinding and treating corn or other grain of metallic
discs having faces divided by radial or nearly radial grooves or channels into
sectors each of which is formed with straight grooves or channels having rounded

page_text: bottoms and becoming wider and deeper towards their inner ends, such grooves or
channels being separated by straight ridges of uniform width with small flat faces,
rounded edges, and pointed inner ends substantially as described.
In Witness whereof I the said William Lloyd Wise have hereunto set my
hand and seal this thirteenth day of July in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and eighty three