Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Metals by Electricity for Forging and Tempering.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 29th Dec., 1891-Accepted. 29th Dec., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Metals by Electricity
for Forging and Tempering.
I, EDWIN ELLIOTT ANGELL, a citizen of the United States of America,
residing at Somerville, in the County of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts,
United States of America, Machinist, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC BLANK HEATERS FOR FORGING
MACHINES, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to provide an electric forge adapted for heating
machine tools, picks, axes, and various implements of irregular shapes for the
purpose of hardening, forging or drawing the temper.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents a side elevation of this
improved electric forge.
Figure 2 represents an elevation of the front end thereof.
Figure 3 represents a plan thereof, two of the electrodes of the electrode wheels
being shown as broken off for convenience of illustration.
Figure 4 represents details of the electrode wheel and its supporting stud.
Figure 5 represents a plan and a side elevation of the adjustable arm carrying
the electrode wheel.
Figure 6 represents a pickaxe with one of its points in position for being
heated.
Figure 7 represents a front and side view of the positive electrodes.
Figure 8 represents a rear elevation of the inclined adjustable standard.
Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the different
figures.
The cruciform base of this apparatus comprises a longitudinal bed 10 and a
transverse bed 20 disposed at one end thereof. These beds are connected together
by an insulated rabbet joint 11 fastened by bolts 12, the latter being insulated from
the bed 20 by insulating flanged bushings 13.
The longitudinal bed 10 is provided with a longitudinal dovetail guide slot 14
having a gib 15 adjustable by means of gib screws 16 which extend through the
sides of the bed into contact with the gib. A screw-shaft 17 provided with a
hand-wheel 18 is journaled in the bed 10 at opposite ends thereof and extends
through the guide slot 14.
The transverse bed 20 is provided with similar guide-slots 21 and 22 which
extend longitudinally of said bed from points on opposite sides of the center to
near the ends thereof. Similar gibs are disposed in these guide slots and rendered
adjustable by the gib screws 23. Two screw-shafts 24 and 25 provided with hand-
wheels 26 and 27 are journaled in the transverse bed and extend longitudinally
through the guide-slots thereof.
An inclined adjustable standard 30 having an elongated foot 31 is disposed on
the longitudinal bed 10. The foot 31 is provided with a dovetail tougue 32 which
engages the dovetail guide-slot 14 and said tongue is provided with a screw-
threaded hole 33 which engages the screw-shaft 17 whereby the standard is adjusted
longitudinally of its bed. This standard is forked at its upper end and provided
with a ledge 34.
An arm 40 is pivoted at its rear end in the forked end of the standard 30 and
insulated therefrom and from the pivot screw 41 by a flanged bushing 42 and a
ring 43 of insulating material. The outer portion of this arm is preferably set off
somewhat laterally by a bend 44. A swivel-stud 45 is loosely disposed in a socket
in the arm. An adjusting screw 47 having a handle 48 at its upper end passes

page_text: through said stud and engages at its lower end the ledge 34 of the standard 30,
whereby the free outer end of the arm 40 may be raised or lowered. The outer
end of the arm 40 is provided with an eye 49.
A flanged screw-threaded stud 50 is secured to the eye 49 of the arm 40 by
means of a nut 51. This flanged stud is provided at one end with a binding post 52
for the connection of an electric conductor and at its opposite end with a boss 53
preferably tapering in form, and provided with a screw-threaded socket 54 in its
outer end.
An electrode wheel 60 is secured on the boss 53 by means of a clamping screw 55
which enters the screw socket 54 of the boss. This wheel comprises a hub 61 and
radial arms 62 composed of highly conductive material. The outer ends of these
arms are severally provided with contact heads 63, 64, 65, 66, 67 and 68 of different
shapes for contact with tools of different characters.
Two upright standards 70 and 71 having feet and tongues similar to those of the
standard 30, are disposed on the transverse bed 20. The tongues engage the slots
of the bed and are engaged respectively by the screw-shafts 24 and 25 whereby the
standards are adjustable towards or from each other. Each of these standards is
provided with a vertical slot extending downward from its upper end, forming
clamping jaws 72 which are provided on their inner faces with insulating strips 73.
Screws 74 extend transversely through the jaws and serve to tighten or close
them. These split standards serve as holders for the positive electrodes 80 and 81,
the electrode 80 being held in the jaws of the standard 70 and the electrode 81 in
the jaws of the standard 71. The upper ends of these electrodes are provided with
binding posts 75. These electrodes are so disposed in the standards that their
inner edges project towards each other beyond the inner edges of the jaws. These
projecting edges serve as holding faces for clamping the work between them, being
adjustable towards or from each other for this purpose by the adjustment of the
standards 70 and 71 by means of the screw-shafts 24 and 25. The clamping faces
of the electrodes may be provided with notches of different shapes, as 82 and 83,
for engaging tools of various shapes.
A conductor 90 connected with one pole of an alternating current dynamo or
with a transformer has branches 91 and 92 connected with the electrodes 80 and 81,
and a conductor 95 connected with the other pole of the electric source, is
connected with the stud 50 which is in connection with the electrode wheel 60.
In the use of this electric forge, a lathe tool, as 100, is held in the space between
the electrodes 80 and 81 and then the hand wheels 26 and 27 turned so as to cause
the standards 70 and 71 to move towards each other until the work is clamped
between the electrodes 80 and 81 thereof, the standards thus serving as work-
holders. The inclined standard 30 is then adjusted by the hand-wheel 18 at a
proper distance from the work and the arm 40 is adjusted to the proper height by
the adjusting screw 47. The electrode wheel is then rotated so as to bring the
electrode arm having the contact head adapted to fit the particular tool to be heated
into contact with said tool. This closes the circuit through said tool which is
then heated instantly. The tool is then removed and another put in its place and
the operation repeated.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. In an electric forge, the combination of a work-holder having electrodes
connected with one pole and provided with notches of different shapes for different
tools, and an adjustable electrode connected with the other pole.
2. In an electric forge, the combination of two standards provided with insulated
jaws, electrodes disposed in said jaws and connected with one pole, mechanism for
adjusting said standards towards each other for clamping the work between them,
and an adjustable arm provided with an electrode connected with the other pole
and adapted for contact with the work held between said standards.

page_text: 3. In an electric forge, the combination of a work-holder, a conductor connected
with one pole, an adjustable arm, and an electrode journaled in said arm and
connected with the other pole.
4. In an electric forge, the combination of a work-holder, a conductor connected
with one pole, an adjustable arm, an adjustable support for said arm, and an
electrode journaled in said arm and connected with the other pole.
5. In an electric forge, the combination of a work-holder having electrodes
connected with one pole and an electrode wheel connected with the other pole.
6. In an electric forge, an electrode work-holder connected with one electric
pole, a standard provided with a ledge, an arm hinged to said standard, a swivel
stud on said arm, an adjusting screw passing through said stud and engaging said
ledge for adjusting said arm, and an electrode secured to said arm and connected
with the other electric pole.
7. In an electric forge, the combination of a work-holder having electrodes
connected with one pole, and an electrode wheel connected with the other pole, said
wheel being provided with a variety of contact heads.
8. In an electric forge, the combination of two beds insulated from each other,
and disposed at right angles, two standards adjustable on the transverse bed,
electrodes disposed in said standards and adapted to clamp the work, a standard
adjustable in the longitudinal bed, an arm pivoted to the latter standards, and an
electrode carried by said arm.
9. In an electric forge, the combination of a work-holder, a conductor connected
with one pole, and a movable electrode connected with the other pole and provided
with a plurality of contact heads.
Dated this 1st day of December 1891
Witnesses:
EDWIN ELLIOTT ANGELL.
GEO. D. BURTON, Car Builder, Boston, Mass.
CHESTER N. CARR, Accountant, Gloucester, Mass.