An Improved Implement for Hoeing, Cultivating, Ridging, and Seed Covering, and for Performing other Operations for Agricultural or Horticultural Purposes.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left, 11th June, 1889-Accepted, 13th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Implement for Hoeing, Cultivating, Ridging, and Seed
Covering, and for Performing other Operations for Agricultural
or Horticultural Purposes.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the firm of G. F. Redfern & Co., the General
Patent Office, No. 4 South Street, Finsbury, in the county of Middlesex; Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication from abroad
by S. L. Allen and. Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of
America, Manufacturers) to be as follows:-
This invention relates to agricultural implements, and especially to an improved
implement which is adapted for hoeing, cultivating, ridging, seed covering and
performing other agricultural or horticultural operations, and which is designed to be
worked by animal power.
According to the said invention the frame of the implement comprises three main
ribs the central one of which is straight and stationary relatively to the other parts
and has secured to it the handles for manipulating the implement. At its front end
the central rib is formed to carry a wheel-arm which is adapted to be adjusted
according to the work which the implement is performing.
The side ribs are pivoted to the central rib near the front end of the latter and at
their rear ends are provided with struts adapted to be clamped to the central rib to
hold them in any desired positions. The said side bars are so bent that certain parts
thereof are substantially parallel with the central rib.
The frame is adapted to carry a number of tines or legs and preferably five,
arranged as follows-viz.: two on each side rib and one at the rear end of the central
rib. The said tines or legs are advantageously formed of wrought steel bent to a
channel form. The head of the rear-ward tine on each side rib is notched so that the
tine may be turned upon its vertical axis and fixed in any desired position.
These tines are adapted to carry small breasts or mould-boards which by moving
the side ribs can be placed near together to form a furrow or turned to throw up a
ridge between them. The said breasts at their rear ends are advantageously curved
and extended from the upper corner.
It is to be understood that different kinds of shares or points are fitted on to the
tines according to the purpose for which the implement is required.
The said shares are preferably made of steel and the holes for the bolts by means
of which they are attached are formed with sleeves or sockets to prevent the bolts
from turning.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Implement for Hoeing, Cultivating, Ridging, and Seed
Covering, and for Performing other Operations for Agricultural
or Horticultural Purposes.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the firm of G. F. Redfern & Co., the General
Patent Office, No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the county of Middlesex, Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication from abroad
by S. L. Allen and Company of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of
America, Manufacturers) and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to implements for cultivating land, and essentially to an

page_text: .
improved implement which is adapted for hoeing, grubbing or cultivating, ridging
and seed covering and for other agricultural or horticultural purposes, and which is
designed to be worked by animal power.
The said invention consists essentially in the novel construction of the frame of the
implement, which is made adjustable for the purpose of adapting it to receive the
attachments for performing the operations above enumerated.
In the accompanying drawing-
Figure 1 is a side elevation of an implement constructed according to this inven-
tion; and,
Figure 2 of a plan of the same.
Figures 3 to 21 are views hereinafter referred to.
The frame of the implement comprises a central rib a having secured to it the
handles b, b and the side-bars c, c, which are pivoted or hinged to the bar a near its
front end. The adjustable side-bars c, c are made from strips of wrought metal, bent
to the peculiar shape shown in figures 2 and 3, the latter figure showing one of the
said bars detached. The said side-bars at their forward ends d, which are of a hook-
shape, as shown, are pivoted on studs e, e projecting from hinge plates f, f¹, figs. 1
and 2, the said plates being adapted to fit together to hold the bars between them.
Figure 4 shows the two plates together, bolts g, g serving for locking them in
position; fig. is a vertical section through the plate on the line of fig. 4, and
figures 6 and 7 are a plan and underside view, respectively, of the upper plate f. The
under plate is of exactly the same shape as the upper plate except that it is not pro-
vided with the forward extension g¹. The hinge-plates are placed above and below
the central bar and are provided with shoulders or lugs e', e', which firmly embrace
the said central bar, as most clearly shown in figures 1 and 4.
Near the rear end of each side-bar c, c, preferably on the inner side thereof, is
secured, by the bolts h, h, or by any other suitable means, a box i against which the
standard or frame of the attachments bear; this bearing box is of the shape shown in
figs. to 11 inclusive, in which the box is shown in place against the side bar,
figure 8 being a plan view, figure 9 a side elevation, figure 10 an underside view, and
figure 11 an end view of the box.
The said box is provided with vertical holes j¹ to receive the arms of a staple-
bolt k, fig. 1, and with horizontal holes for the bolts h, h, herein before mentioned ;
the said box is also provided with the curved seat 7 for a purpose hereinafter
described.
m, m are standards or frames for carrying breasts n or other attachments. Each of
these standards has a circular or disc-shaped head o, the point of connection between
the standard and head being at the side of the latter, so that a central hole can be
formed in the said head to receive one arm of a staple-bolt k.
P, p are stay-bars which are used for adjusting the side-bars, c to any position in
which they may be placed. The outer end of each bar is interposed between the
head o of one of the standards m and the corresponding bearing box i, being secured
by one arm of a staple-bolt k which is passed up through the hole in the centre of the
head, a hole in the stay-bar and the hole 1 of the box i, the other arm of the said
staple-bolt passing through the hole j in the box, as hereinbefore stated.
It is obvious that with this arrangement the standard can be secured at any desired
angle concentric with the hole j through which one arm of the staple-bolt passes, the
circular portion of the head o resting against the seat 1 of the bearing-box; the
standards m, m are thus firmly secured to the side-bars c, c, as also are the stay-
bars p, which cross each other, and are held in place by a clamping device q on the
central bar a, as shown in figures 1 and 2. The undersides of the circular heads of
the standards are serrated to receive the cross pieces of the staple-bolts, to prevent the
said standards from moving. s, s are tines or legs of ordinary construction attached
to the side bars c, c and which may be provided with shares or points of any desired
form; s¹ is a leg or tine similar to the tines s, s, which is attached to the rear end of
the central bar a, and is preferably provided with a ridging share t of the kind shown
in figs. 1 and 2.

page_text: For furrowing I make use of the share shown in side and front elevation respectively
in figures 12 and 13, the said share being substituted for the share t.
In order to prevent the bolts which secure the shares to the tines from turning and
thus becoming loose, the holes in the shares are provided with sockets u, as shown in
figures 14 and 15.
When I wish to use the implement as an earthing or ridging plough I attach
breasts, of the kind shown in figures 16 and 17, to a frame or standard secured to the
rib a behind the hinge plates f,f¹, the rear ends of the said breasts being attached to
the rear ends of the hinged bars c, c so that the said breasts can be placed at a greater
or less angle, as desired.
In some cases the breasts n, n can be removed from the standards m, m and arms of
the kind shown in figs. 18 and 19 substituted therefor.
For marking out the rows I employ a marker of the kind shown in figs. 1, 2, 20
and 21, the last two figures being a side elevation and plan, respectively, of the
joint connecting the marker to the frame. This marker is provided with a stay bar v
connected to the projection g' of the hinge-plate and with a handle w by means
of which the marker can be thrown from one side to the other or lifted up.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1) A cultivator having a frame of the kind hereinbefore described and illustrated
in the accompanying drawing.
(2) The improvements in cultivators hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawing.
H
1000
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.