APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE FLOW OF SEWAGE AND REGULATING THE FLOW OF LIQUID MIXTURES USED IN THE PURIFICATION AND DEODORIZATION OF SUCH SEWAGE, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Weldon Symington, of Colne Valley
Ironworks, Halstead, in the County of Essex, Engineer, for the
Invention of "APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE FLOW OF SEWAGE AND
REGULATING THE FLOW OF LIQUID MIXTURES USED IN THE PURIFICATION AND
DEODORIZATION OF SUCH SEWAGE, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO
OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
Sealed the 17th September 1872, and dated the 30th March 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Weldon
Symington at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
his Petition, on the 30th March 1872.
I, WILLIAM WELDON SYMINGTON, of Colne Valley Ironworks, Hal-
stead, in the County of Essex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE FLOW OF SEWAGE
AND REGULATING THE FLOW OF LIQUID MIXTURES USED IN THE PURIFICATION AND
DEODORIZATION OF SUCH SEWAGE, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER
SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to processes (such as the "ABC" process) in

page_text: purification and deodorization of the same. In these processes it is
essential to regulate the flow of the purifying mixture according to the
quantity of sewage passing into the precipitating tanks, so that as the
quantity of such sewage increases or diminishes, the quantity of the
purifying and deodorizing mixture added may be proportionately
increased or diminished.
My apparatus for this purpose is constructed and arranged as
follows: The flow of the sewage is measured by means of a water-
wheel meter, which also actuates a centrifugal governor, by means of
which the flow of the purifying and deodorizing mixture to be added to
the said sewage is regulated, as herein-after described. This meter is
mounted in a race, through which the sewage is caused to pass, and is
furnished with a train of wheels, by means of which the number of
gallons passing through the said race is indicated by a pointer on a dial.
The tank for the purifying and deodorizing mixture is placed at a higher
level than that of the sewage culvert, and communicates therewith by a
pipe furnished with a sluice or equilibrium valve, which is opened or
closed to the extent required by means of a slotted lever, which is
suitably geared or connected to the spindle of the said valve, and is
actuated by the lever of the aforesaid centrifugal governor, the shaft of
which is driven by suitable gearing from the shaft of the sewage meter.
The lever of the said governor carries a pin, which engages with the said
.slotted lever, and is capable of adjustment so as to regulate the throw or
traverse of the valve, the said slotted lever being graduated to a scale
proportioned to the scale on the dial of the meter, so that the attendant
by adjusting the pin on the governor lever relatively to the scale on the
slotted lever, can vary the relative proportions of the purifying and
deodorizing mixture and the sewage, according to circumstances.
My Invention, although especially useful for measuring the flow of
sewage and regulating the flow of the purifying mixture to be added
thereto, is also applicable to similar purposes in which it is required to
regulate the flow of one liquid relatively to the flow of another.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Weldon Symington in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 28th September 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
WELDON SYMINGTON, of Colne Valley Ironworks, Halstead, in the
County of Essex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said William Weldon Symington, Her special
licence that I, the said William Weldon Symington, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said William
Weldon Symington, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE FLOW OF SEWAGE AND
REGULATING THE FLOW OF LIQUID MIXTURES USED IN THE PURIFICATION AND
DEODORIZATION OF SUCH SEWAGE, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER
SIMILAR PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
William Weldon Symington, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Weldon Symington, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained.
in and by the following statement thereof, that is to say :-
My Invention relates to processes (such as the A B C process) in
which purifying and deodorizing mixtures are added to sewage for the
purification and deodorization of the same. In these processes it is

page_text: essential to regulate the flow of the purifying mixture according to the
quantity of sewage passing into the precipitating tanks, so that as
the quantity of such sewage increases or diminishes, the quantity of
the purifying and deodorizing mixture added may be proportionately
increased or diminished.
My apparatus for this purpose is constructed and arranged as
follows: The flow of the sewage is measured by means of a water-
wheel meter, which also actuates a centrifugal governor, by means of
which the flow of the purifying and deodorizing mixture to be added to
the said sewage is regulated, as herein-after described. This meter is
mounted in a race, through which the sewage is caused to pass, and is
furnished with a train of wheels, by means of which the number of
gallons passing through the said race is indicated by a pointer on a dial.
The tank for the purifying and deodorizing mixture is placed at a higher
level than that of the sewage culvert, and communicated therewith by a
pipe furnished with a sluice or equilibrium valve, which is opened or
closed to the extent required by means of a slotted or other lever, which
is suitably geared or connected to the spindle of the said valve, and is
actuated by the lever of the aforesaid centrifugal governor, the shaft of
which is driven by suitable gearing from the shaft of the sewage meter.
The lever of the said governor carries a pin, which engages with the said
slotted lever, and is capable of adjustment so as to regulate the throw or
traverse of the valve, the said slotted lever being graduated to a scale
proportioned to the scale on the dial of the meter, so that the attendant
by adjusting the pin on the governor lever relatively to the scale on the
slotted lever, can vary the relative proportions of the purifying and
deodorizing mixture and the sewage, according to circumstances.
My Invention, although especially useful for measuring the flow of
sewage and regulating the flow of the purifying mixture to be added
thereto, is also applicable to similar purposes in which it is required to
regulate the flow of one liquid relatively to the flow of another.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to
describe the manner in which the same is to be performed, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawings and to the letters and figures
marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of apparatus constructed according to my
Invention, and Figure 2 is a front elevation of a portion of the said
apparatus; Figures 3 and 4 represent in side and end elevations respec-

page_text: tively and on a larger scale the valve spindle and governor lever, hercin-
after referred to, and parts in connection therewith. The same letters of
reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4.
A is the water wheel meter, which is mounted on the shaft a³, and
works in a race B, which is cast with a pipe b', to the flange b2 of which
is bolted the pipe through which the sewage passes from a culvert or
reservoir to the race B, in passing through which the said sewage causes
the wheel A to rotate and thereby actuate the mechanism hercin-after
described for measuring the quantity of the said sewage, and for
regulating the flow of the liquid mixture used in the purification and
deodorization of the said sewage; C is a bracket which supports the
measuring apparatus, which consists of a dial D and a pointer d', which
indicates on the said dial the number of gallons passing through the
race, and which is carried by a spindle d², on which is keyed a toothed
wheel d³, which is driven by a pinion d', the spindle d³ of which carries
a worm wheel d³, which is driven by a worm a³ on the shaft a'. The
said shaft carries a band pulley as which communicates motion from
the water wheel A to the mechanism by which the flow of the deodo-
rizing mixture is regulated. This mechanism is mounted on the
framing E, and consists essentially of a centrifugal governor F in con-
nection with a sluice valve working in a valve box G to which are
bolted pipes g¹³, g². The deodorizing mixture passes from a reservoir to
the valve box G through the pipe g¹, and from the said box to the race B
through the pipe g². The shaft f¹ of the governor F rotates in
bearings f,f, and carries a bevel toothed wheel f³ which gears with a
bevil toothed wheel f' carried by the shaft f³, on which is keyed a band
pulley f*, which is driven by means of a band a* from the band pulley a³ ;
g³ is a rack formed on or affixed to the spindle or rod of the sluice valve,
with which rack a toothed sector ' carried by an axis H gears.
slotted lever which is keyed to the axis H and carries a pin ³, which
engages with a slot formed in the governor lever I, which lever is
mounted on a bracket i²; 9' is a friction roller against which the back
of the rack g bears. The lever h² is marked with graduations, as re-
presented by setting the pin ³, to any one of which by means of the
lock nuts h, h (the edge of the former of which may serve as a pointer).
The throw of the lever h³ may be lengthened or shortened so as to cause
it to open or close the valve G to a greater or less extent, according to
the quality of the sewage.
² is a

page_text: sewage
The action of this apparatus is follows:-The sewage as it passes
through the race B turns the water wheel A which actuates the me-
chanism herein-before described for measuring the said sewage and for
regulating the flow of the deodorizing mixture. When a large quantity
of
is passing through the race, the water wheel A and governor F
will be caused to rotate at an increased speed, and the valve in the valve
box G will be opened to an extent sufficient to allow a proportionately
increased quantity of the deodorizing mixture to pass into the said
sewage, such mixture being thoroughly mixed by the water wheel A
with the said sewage as they pass through the race on their way to the
precipitating tanks. When a smaller quantity of sewage passes through
the race, the speed of the water wheel A and governor F is propor-
tionately reduced, the valve in the valve box G is consequently opened
to a smaller extent, and the quantity of the deodorizing mixture allowed
to pass into the said sewage is thus proportionately reduced. From this
description it will be seen that the regulation of the flow of the deodo-
rizing mixture relatively to a given quantity of sewage can be effected
automatically. It is also necessary however to increase or diminish the
quantity of the said mixture according to the quality of the sewage
passing through the apparatus, that is to say, when the said sewage
contains much fecal matter or other impurity, it will require more than
the usual quantity of the deodorizing mixture for its purification, and
when the said sewage contains less fecal matter or other impurity than
usual, less than the ordinary quantity of the deodorizing mixture will be
necessary. The attendant therefore takes samples from time to time of
the sewage passing through the race, and if he finds that the quality
of such sewage is such as will render it necessary to add a large pro-
portion of the deodorizing mixture, he shifts the pin ³ in the slotted
lever h³ nearer to the axis H, and thereby increases the throw of the said
lever and causes the valve in the valve box G to be opened to a greater.
extent. But if he finds that the quality of the said sewage is such that
a smaller quantity of the deodorizing mixture will be requisite, he shifts
the pin ³ further from the axis H, and thus decreases the throw of the
lever hand causes the valve in the valve box G to be opened to a less
extent.
Figures 5 and 6 represent in back and side elevations respectively a
modification of the arrangement herein-before described.
The same
letters of reference indicate the same parts in both figures. A is the

page_text: water wheel working in the race B through which the sewage passes;
C is the centrifugal governor to which motion is communicated from
the shaft a¹ by the bevil wheels a², c¹; c³ is the governor lever which
is connected by the right and left handed screws c³, c', and screw box c³
to a lever d¹ keyed to the spindle D, by which butterfly valves in the
pipes F, F, are worked. Any suitable number of the pipes F, F,
(furnished with valves) may be employed, the valves in such pipes
being actuated by the spindle D, and such pipes may all communicate
with a single tank, or where it is wished to add different mixtures
separately to the sewage, each of such mixtures may be made in a
separate tank with which one of the said pipes communicates.
The measuring apparatus herein-before described and illustrated in
Figures 1 and 2 is to be applied to the modification illustrated in
Figures 5 and 6. As the construction and arrangement of the said
measuring apparatus will be understood from the previous description
I do not consider it necessary to describe or illustrate the application
of the said apparatus to the said modification. In addition to the said
measuring apparatus any suitable counting apparatus for registering
the number of revolutions made by the wheel A may be applied to the
apparatus. Figures 5 and 6, such counting apparatus being worked by
an arm a³ keyed to the shaft a¹.
The action of this apparatus is as follows:-The water wheel A, being
caused to revolve by the sewage passing through the race B, drives the
gorvernor, which, by means of the intermediate mechanism, opens the
valves in the pipes F, F, to a greater or less extent according to the
quantity of sewage passing through the race, the quantity of the
chemical mixture or mixtures allowed to pass into the race being
thereby proportioned to the quantity of the said sewage. The said
sewage or mixture or mixtures are at the same time thoroughly mixed
by the water wheel as in the before described arrangement. The
quantity of deodorizing mixture added to a given quantity of sewage
may be increased or decreased according to circumstances by turning
the screw box c³ in one or the other direction.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner
in which the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that
I do not limit myself to the precise details herein-before described,

page_text: as they may be varied without departing from the nature of my said
Invention, but I claim as my Invention,-
Firstly. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the
apparatus herein-before described and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2
of the accompanying Drawings, for measuring the flow of sewage and
for regulating the flow of liquid purifying and deodorizing mixtures
relatively to such sewage, and for other similar purposes, essentially as
described.
Secondly. The modification of the said apparatus herein-before
described and illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 of the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Weldon Symington, have
hereunto set my hand and scal, this Twenty-seventh day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-two.
Witness,
H. H. MURDOCH,
7, Staple Inn,
London.
W. WELDON SYMINGTON (L.s.)