IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR ORNAMENTING WOOD AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Abraham Martin, of 18, Mortimer Street,
Cavendish Square, in the County of Middlesex, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR ORNAMENTING WOOD AND OTHER
MATERIALS."
Sealed the 13th February 1874, and dated the 15th August 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Abraham Martin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th August 1878.
•I, ABRAHAM MARTIN, of 18, Mortimer Street, Cavendish Square, in
the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR ORNAMENTING WOOD AND OTHER
MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in machines for
ornamenting wood and other materials.
The machine consists of a frame carrying a table, to which by suitable

page_text: there is an axis with a metal roller mounted upon it. This axis is able
to turn freely in bearings on the frame, which can be raised and lowered
by screws to set the roller close to or further from the table. The
roller receives upon it a cylinder having engraved or otherwise produced
upon it the pattern which it is desired to obtain upon the wood or other
material. There are ring gas burners, one on either side of the roller,
which project their flames into holes formed through the roller from side
to side, and so heat it to the extent which is necessary to cause the
pattern to be transferred sharply and permanently to the surface to be
ornamented. The board or parallel piece of wood or other material is
placed upon the flat table and the pattern cylinder is set down upon it
by means of the screws until the pressure is sufficient, and then the table
is caused to traverse so as to carry the material under the cylinder.
This may be done once only, or the material may be made to pass to and
fro underneath the pattern cylinder two or more times according to the
depth of the design.
The table is supported upon antifriction pulleys so that it runs freely
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Abraham Martin in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 14th February 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ABRAHAM
MARTIN, of 13, Mortimer Street, Cavendish Square, in the County of
Middlesex, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fifteenth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Abraham Martin, Her special
license that I, the said Abraham Martin, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Abraham Martin, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make use, exercise, and

page_text: vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINES FOR ORNAMENTING WOOD AND OTHER MATERIALS," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Abraham Martin, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
غم

page_text: In order that my said Invention may be most fully understood and
readily carried into effect, I will proceed to describe the Drawings here-
unto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side view, and Figure 2 an end view partly in section of
the machine.
a, a, is a bed frame similar to that of a planing machine; it supports
a table 6, which it carries upon a number of small steel friction
rollers a¹, a¹. The table has a rack 6' on its under side, which gears
with a toothed wheel c¹ upon an axis c, on which is also mounted the
toothed. wheel c³, and this is driven by the pinion & upon an axis d,
which is turned by means of the crank handle &; thus a longitudinal
motion can be given to the table. To the frame a are fixed the brackets
and standards a³, a³ carrying the bearings e¹ of the stout shaft e, which
is not driven but is able to turn freely. The shaft carries the roller f;
the Drawing shews it forged of a piece with the shaft, but this may be
varied. The face of the roller is either itself engraved or formed with
the pattern upon it, or it receives on to it an engraved cylinder, which
may be of iron, brass, or gun metal. The Drawing indicates the former
plan. The pattern is deeply sunk into the surface but not under cut.
ff, are holes in the roller f; there may be eight or ten such holes,
and through them gas flames are projected by the ring gas burners h, h,
and so the roller is heated. The bearings e¹ can be raised and lowered
by the screws i, i, which can be turned either way simultaneously by
the hand wheel & acting through the bevelled pinions 7, 7. The board
of wood to be ornamented is first planed smooth on the surface and is
then clamped firmly on to the table b, and by turning the crank handle
it is slowly passed under the engraved roller, which should be fully
heated, avoiding only injurious scorching of the surface of the wood.
The shaft should whenever practicable be set down sufficiently to
produce the ornamentation by a single passage through the machine,
but when this cannot be done, either from the state or nature of the
wood or the depth of the engraving, the wood may be passed a second
or even a third time, but at every passage great care should be taken to
ensure that the pattern is not blurred. Other surfaces may also be
ornamented by the machine above described,

page_text: In place of working the machine by a crank handle and manual labour
steam power may be applied to it.
In consequence of the way in which the table is mounted upon
numerous steel rollers the machine will be found to work freely, although
the work is exposed to a very heavy pressure.
The arrangement for heating the roller by gas allows of an uniform
high temperature being maintained for any desired length of time, and
the heat is perfectly under control, so that the temperature requisite to
permanently fix the pattern on the wood can always be commanded
with certainty, advantages offered by no other system of heating.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that what
I claim is, the construction of machines for ornamenting wood and other
materials, substantially as described, with a table, on which the material
to be ornamented is clamped, and by which it is carried beneath an
engraved cylinder heated by gas flames playing upon it.
In witness whereof, I, the said Abraham Martin, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.