Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Nov., 1894-Accepted, 2nd Mar., 1895
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a plan, the upper part being in section;
Fig. 2 is a front elevation;
Fig. 3 is a side elevation ;
Fig. 4 is a transverse section on line X X of Fig. 1 ;
Fig. 5 is a section on line Y Y of Fig. 2;
Figs. 6 and 7 are details illustrating outside and inside engraving on circular
objects;
Fig. 8 is a partial section on line V V of Fig. 2 showing the work holding
chuck in position;
Figs. 9 and 10 are enlarged sections on the lines W W and Z Z respectively
of Fig. 1;
Fig. 11 is an enlarged section of the chuck holder; and
Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic view of the electric circuits and connecting mechanism.
In the said drawings, 1 is a bed on which is mounted a copy slide 2 and a work
table 3. On one end of the slide 2 is a boss 4 on which is pivoted a hand lever 5
by means of the pin 6. Near by, on the bed 1, is another boss 7 on which is
pivoted a block 8 that has a square slot in its upper face in which the lever 5 is
free to slide. In the end of the work table 3, directly over the boss 4 on the
slide 2, is a transverse slot 9 through which passes a stud 10 that screws into the
head 11 of the taper pin 12. On the taper pin 12, and secured thereto by
the washer 13 and the screw 14, is another block 15 that embraces the lever 5
and in which the said lever is also free to slide. The upper end of the stud 10 has
an enlarged head, in slots in which are pivoted the cams 16 that have arms 17 that
are pressed apart by means of the spring 18. Between the cams 16 and the
table 3 is a washer 19. The upper face of the head 11 has a tongue that fits into
a groove in the table 3 just beneath the slot 9. It will be obvious that these parts
form a clamp by which the block 15 is secured to the table 3, and that the sliding
of the clamp anywhere along the slot 9 will also cause the block 15 to slide
along the lever 5. It will also be obvious that vibrating the lever 5 by hand
will cause the slide 2 and table 3 to have parallel and synchronous movements in
the same direction of a ratio depending upon the location of the block 15 on the
lever 5.
The slide 20
Mounted on the bed 1 directly to the rear of the center of the machine is a tool
slide 20 that has a movement at right angles to the slides 2 and 3.
receives its motion by means of a screw 21, a ratchet wheel 22 and a spring pawl 23
that is carried on a block 24 secured to the side of the table 3. A hand wheel 25
at the rear of the machine serves to give a more rapid movement to the slide 20
when desired. The front bearing for the screw 21 has a quadrant extension 26 in
which are a series of holes 27. On the screw 21 between the ratchet 22 and the
front bearing is a disk 28 provided with a spring arm 29 that has a pin adapted
to enter any one of the holes 27 in the quadrant 26. One part of the disk 28 is
enlarged, as shown at 30, to a diameter equal to, or slightly greater than, that of

page_text: the ratchet wheel 22.
In moving the slide 20 by turning the ratchet wheel 22
the enlarged portion 30 acts as a throw out to release the pawl from the ratchet
wheel when it has been moved a given distance, which distance is determined by
raising or lowering the arm 29 so that the pin thereon will enter one or another
of the holes 27.
At the left side of the machine is a standard 31 on which is a tracing slide 32
that has a movement parallel to that of slide 20. At the back end of slide 32 i
a pin 33 on which is pivoted a lever 34. Blocks 8 and 15", similar in every
respect to blocks 8 and 15, serve to communicate motion from slide 20 to slide 32.
A bracket 35 secured to the side of the slide 20 and provided with a slot 36
serves as a means of adjusting the ratio of movement of slides 20 and 32 to each
other.
At the left end of the slide 2, and forming a part thereof, is a frame 37 in
which the clamps 38 are moved by a right and left hand screw 39. The clamps 38
are held in the frame 37 by means of the nuts 40 and washers 41 that go on the
screws 42 that form parts of the clamp 38. The part of the screw 42 that projects
beyond the nut 40 is cut away as shown at 43, and the part left serves as a stop
to regulate the length of the movement of the slides 2 and 3. Located in the
standard 31, and in the path of the screws 42, is a pin 44 having enlarged heads
and insulated from said standard by the brushing 45 when the pin is in the
position shown in Fig. 12, but permitting electrical contact when moved to its other
extreme position. The outside of one head is also insulated at 46 from electrical
contact with the screw 42. Pivoted to the slide 32 is a lever 47 having a tracing
point 48 at its front end. The other end of the lever 47 extends to the rear and
terminates between two disks, 49 and 50, on the insulated pins 51 and 52 held
in bracket 53 on the slide 32. A hollow screw 54 secured in lever 47 and pro-
jecting into a counterbore in slide 32 contains a spring that serves to keep the
lever 47 in contact with the disk 50 when not forced away by the tracing point in
passing over the copy held in the clamps 38. An insulated switch 55 is pivoted
at 56 on the bracket 53 and may be brought into contact with either pin 51 or
pin 52.
On top of the tool slide 20 is mounted an adjustable slide 57 that has a
standard 58 with guides 59 on which a tool head 60 is raised and lowered by
means of the screw 61 and the hand wheel 62. The tool head is in the form of a
hood and supports a magnet 62ª and a bell-crank lever 63, on one end of which is
the armature 64. Within the hood of the tool head 60 is an insulated pin 66 that
projects past the screw 61 and engages by sliding contact with an insulated vertical
rod 67 that projects through below into contact with a metal strip 68 secured to
and insulated from the slide 20. A stud 69 provided with a spring and an adjusting
nut serves to regulate the movement of the armature 64 and consequently of the
tool 65 and to press the former away from the magnet 62ª. On the front of the
tool head 60 is screwed a small magnet 70 provided with a hammer 71. This
magnet and hammer is of the same character as those in ordinary use for ringing
door bells, and is arranged to deliver rapid and light blows upon the lever 63 when
the tool 65 is in its lower or cutting position. Engraving made in this way has a
mottled and pleasing appearance to the eye.
On the top of the table 3 are two studs 72 that have heads in the form shown
in Fig. 11. A chuckholder 73 is adapted to be accurately located by the studs 72
so that any work held by the chuck therein will always be at a definite distance
from the front of the machine. Located in the lower face of the flange that
forms the base of the chuck-holder 73 are two sliding catches 74 that are pressed
apart by the spring 75 so that they will engage the studs or pins 72. On the
upper face of the flange are two finger pieces 76 that are connected to the
catches 74 by the rivets 77. It will be obvious from the construction that
the catches 74 act, by means of the spring 75 to hold the chuck-holder securely to
the table 3 by engaging the heads of the studs 72, and that they may be released
and the chuck-holder removed by pressing the finger pieces 76.

page_text: Secured to the lower edge of the table 3, and slightly removed from the front
of the bed 1, is a rack 78 that engages a small gear 79 mounted on a pin 80 in
the bed 1. Also mounted on the pin 11, and secured to the gear 79 is a large
gear 81 that turns in the space between the rack and the bed. In the front of the
bed 1, and just below that rack 78 is a hole 82 in which may be placed a
chuck 83 provided with a gear 84. The stem 85 of the chuck 83 is provided
The pin 87 has a
with two grooves 86 in either of which the pin 87 may engage.
-tem 88 (see Fig. 8) with a head 89 and a spring 90. The stem 88 runs through a
chambered screw 91 that is adjustable in the bed 1, and serves as a backing for
the pin 87 to keep it engaged with the grooves 86 in the stem 8.5.
The location
of these grooves is such that when the pin 87 engages in the end of one, the
chuck will be held as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, and the gear 84 will engage the
rack 78. When the pin 87 engages the other, or forward groove, the chuck will
be pushed in as shown in Fig. 6, and the gear 84 will engage in the gear 81.
The object of this arrangement is to enable the operator to engrave either the
outside or inside of rings by making the top part of the chuck move either in the
same or opposite direction to the movement of the slide 2.
Figures 3, 6 and 7 show the same chuck 83 in three different positions for
executing different kinds of work as hereinafter more fully described.
When the hand lever 5 is in the position shown in Fig. 1, the slides 2 and 3 are
in their mid positions, and the centers of the copy held in the clamps 38, and the
work held in the chuck 83 are in line with the center of the tracing slide 32 and
the tool slide 20 respectively. The copy, which may either be type as shown in
the drawings or any pattern upon a single block, is made of a definite thickness
in the direction from front to rear, and the characters to be engraved are located
centrally in this space. The object of this is to bring the center line of the
copy always to a certain place on the copy slide, and this place corresponds
exactly to the center of the tracing point 48 when the lever 32 is perpendicular
to the line movement of the slides 32 and 20.
a
The tool for engraving on flat plates and on the outside of rings, goblets etc.,
is made straight as shown in Figs. 3 and 6, and has its point ground so as to
correspond with its axis. The tool for engraving on the inside of rings is bent
into the form shown in Fig. 7 and the point is made to be a definite distance from
the axis of the body of the tool. The pins in the face of the chuck are of
various forms and lengths for holding various kinds of work, but whatever their
form or length, they are always made so that the work held will be at
definite distance from the front of the center line passing through the chuck-
holder. There are, therefore, three principal points for the center of engraving
which are definitely located with respect to the distance from front to rear of the
machine; first, the center line of the chuck-holder as guided by the pins 72;
second, the inner position of the chuck for ring engraving as shown in Fig. 6 and
determined by the pin 87; and third, the outer position of the chuck as shown
in Fig. 7.
ng
If the hand wheel 25 he turned so as to adjust the slides 20 and 32 until the
tracing point 48 corresponds to the center line of the copy held in the clamps 38,
and the lever 34 be perpendicular to the line of movement of said slides, it will
be evident that the slide 20 will be at a certain definite position, known as its
mid position, and that the pivoting block 15 may be moved anywhere
al. the length of the lever 34 without changing the position of the
tracing point 48. Assuming the slide 20 to have been set at its mid position,
it will be evident that the slide 57 may be adjusted thereon so that the point
of the tool will correspond to the center of the work when held in any one
of the three positions before mentioned. If the three positions for the slide 57
that correspond to the three positions for holding the work be marked and
provision be made for securing it definitely at these places, the machine will be
centered for any and all kinds of work within the range herein described. This
will be a little more plainly understood by observing that as the tracing point 48

page_text: and the tool 65 move synchronously either forward or back they are always at
corresponding places on the copy and engraving respectively, and that if the
center of the engraving corresponds to the center of the piece engraved upon, the
engraving will be centrally located. Experience in the operation of this class of
machine has demonstrated that without the various elements concerned being
definite and predetermined much time is lost in trying to set the tool for central
engraving, and many pieces of work are spoiled by the inaccuracy of the setting.
The marks for setting the slide 57 are shown at R, S, and T in Fig. 1. To
insure the setting at these. points a dowel pin 92 in the slide 57 is adapted to
enter any one of the holes 93, 94, or 95. As a means of securing the slide 57 at
any intermediate point, or at the marks R, S and T, without the aid of the dowel
pin 92, a bent lever 96 is provided, one end of which is screwed into the side of
the slide 57 and engages the lip of slide 20, and the other end of which is
provided with a weight 97 for the purpose of keeping the screw tight.
The electric circuit comes in through wire A, magnet 62°, wire B. pin 66, rod 67
to strip 68, and thence to wire C either through branch D to switch 55 or through
branch E to pin 44. From the standard 31, or any portion of the bed, a return
wire F goes to a circuit breaking magnet 98 and then out through the wire G, to
the source. A branch H from the wire A goes to the magnet 70, and from
thence the current passes through wire I, post 99, armature lever 100, post 101
and wire J to the return wire G. It will be obvious by inspection of Fig. 12
that when the current passes through magnet 62ª, either by way of switch 55 or
pin 44, it also passes through magnet 98, and consequently breaks the circuit
through magnet 70 and stops the striking of hammer 71 on the arm 63. Also by
inspection of Fig. 3 it will be seen that when the current passes through
magnet 62 the tool 65 is raised away from cutting position, and drops back as
soon as the circuit is broken. By inspection of Figs. 3 and 9 it will be seen that
the lever 47 is normally in contact with the upper disk 50, and consequently that
when the switch 55 is in contact with pin 52, as shown in Fig. 12, the current
passes through magnets 62 and 98 by way of pin 52, lever 47 and slide 32; also that
when the lever 47 is pushed away from pin 52 the circuit is broken through these
magnets and made through magnet 70. The pushing away of the lever 47 from
the disk 50 to the disk 49 is accomplished by the type or copy passing under the
tracing point 48, the relief portions of said copy acting to raise the point 48, and
consequently to depress the other end of the lever 47.
It
As the pin 44 is held in the standard 31 and acts as a stop for the screws 42 and
consequently for the movement of the slides 2 and 3, and as the distance the
screws 44 are apart is determined by the length of the copy held between the
clamps 38, it will be evident that the length of the copy slide movement, and
hence of the engraving, is automatically determined by the length of the copy.
will also be obvious that the stopping of the copy slide at its extreme movement to
the left closes the circuit through the pin 44 and that this circuit will remain
closed until the copy slide reaches the extreme to the right, and that it will there-
after remain broken, as far as the pin 44 is concerned, until the slide again reaches
its extreme to the left. It will thus be seen that the pin 44 serves the double
purpose of a stop for the copy slide and a means for keeping the circuit closed
through magnet 62ª so as to prevent the tool 65 from cutting except in one
direction.
The operation is as follows:
The required copy is fastened in the clamps 38, and the piece to be engraved
upon is secured in the chuck 83. The slide 57 is then set to the mark corresponding
to the character of engraving to be made, and the blocks 15 and 15" are adjusted
on the levers 5 and 34 to give the required ratio of reproduction. The hand
wheel 25 is then turned until the tracing point is at the rear edge of the copy, and
the switch 55 is put into contact with the proper pin, which in the first instance we
will assume to be pin 51. The tool is then lowered to cutting position and the
lever 29 is adjusted for the required quality of engraving, said adjustment being

page_text: upward for coarse engraving and downward for fine engraving. The operator
then grasps the handle of the lever 5 and pushes it to the right as far as it will go
which insures the breaking of the circuit, and he then continues to vibrate it back
and forth until the tracing point passes the front edge of the copy. At the
beginning of a stroke towards the left nothing is in the way of the tracing point 48
and consequently the lever 47 is in contact with the disk 50, the circuit is broken
through the magnet 622, the tool is cutting metal from the piece to be engraved
and the hammer 71 is striking upon the arm 63. As soon as the tracing point
comes into contact with a raised portion of the copy, the lever 47 is vibrated into
contact with the disk 49 and the circuit is closed through the magnet 62°, thus
raising the tool from cutting position. As soon as the raised part of the copy
This
passes the tracing point the circuit is again broken and the cutting resumed.
process continues until the end of the stroke when the circuit is closed through the
pin 44 to remain closed till the end of the return stroke. On the return stroke the
pawl 23 engages the ratchet wheel 22 to turn it and the screw 21, and consequently
to move the tool and the tracing point a short distance towards the front.
result is a series of parallel cuttings made by the tool in the piece to be engraved
upon, which cuttings are broken in their lengths at places corresponding to the
raised portion of the copy, and the product is relief engraving. Assume that
another engraving be made with all of the conditions the same except that the
Then
switch 55 be brought into contact with the pin 52 instead of the pin 51.
when the tracing point is not raised by contact with the copy, the circuit will be
closed through magnet 62" by way of pin 52, and the tool will not be cutting, but
upon the tracing point being moved by the raised part of the copy the circuit will
be broken and the tool started to cutting. It will therefore be evident that with
a single copy either relief or intaglio engraving may be made according as the
switch 55 is in contact with pins 51 or 52.
The
As the length of the engraving as compared to the length of the copy is
determined by the location of the block 15 on the lever 5, and as the relative width
of the two is determined by the location of the block 15ª on the lever 34, it will be
evident that the length and width of the engraving are independently adjustable
and that a long narrow, or a short wide engraving may be made from a single copy.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In an engraving machine, a copy holding clamp consisting of jaws operated
by a right and left hand screw, projections on said jaws the distance between which
is determined by the length of the copy, and an abutment located between said
projections and serving as a stop therefor, whereby the length of the movement of
the slide carrying said copy is determined by the length of the copy held in said
clamp, substantially as set forth.
2. In an electrical engraving machine, a vertical stand adapted to carry a vertically
adjustable tool carrying head, a magnet supported in said tool carrying head, a
vertical rod supported in said vertical standard and serving as part of the electric
circuit, and a sliding contact carried by the tool carrying head and serving as a
connection between the magnet and said vertical rod.
3. In an engraving machine, a revolving chuck operated by a moving slide,
and means for shifting said chuck in its support so that it will be rotated either
directly by said slide or through an intermediate gear, substantially as set forth.
4. In an engraving machine, a copy holding slide the length of whose move-
ments are automatically determined by the length of the copy held thereon, a
revolving chuck for holding circular work upon which said copy is to be
reproduced, and means for shifting the position of said chuck so as to cause it to
rotate in the right direction for either inside or outside engraving, substantially as
described.
5. In an engraving machine, a copy slide and a work table having parallel

page_text: and synchronous movements in the same direction of an adjustable ratio, a work
holling chuck rotated by one of said slides, and means for shifting the connection
of said slide to an intermediate gear whereby the direction of rotation of said chuck
may be reversed in respect to the movement of said slide, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
6. In an engraving machine adapted to reproduce on a work table a copy
held on a copy slide, a movable copy slide provided with a copyholding clam
having projections on the jans thereof, and a stop located between and in the path
of said projections.
7. In an electrically operated engraving machine a copy slide having adjust-
able stops thereon, a circuit breaker adapted to act as an abutinent for one of
said stops, and a circuit maker adapted to act as an abutment for the other
stop, whereby an electric circuit is alternately made and broken by the stopping of
said slide.
8. In an electrically controlled engraving machine the engraving tool of whic
is held from cutting when the electric circuit is closed, a circuit opening and closing
device operated by the movement of a copy carrying slide, and means whereby
the opening and closing of said device take place alternately at the extremes of the
slide movement.
9. In an engraving machine, an engraving slide and a revolving chuck
supported on a bed, a rack secured to said slide, an idle gear supported by the
bed and in mesh with the rack, a gear on the body of said chuck, and means for
holding said chuck so that the gear thereon will be in mesh with either said rack
or said idle gear.
10. In an engraving machine, an engraving tool and a hammer for striking it, and
means for controlling the movements of said tool and said hanımer by electrical
connections made by the vibrations of a tracing point in passing over a copy.
11. In an engraving machine, an engraving tool, a magnet for raising said tool
from and dropping it into a cutting position, an electrically operated hammer
mounted above and adapted to strike upon said tool, a tracing point adapted to
vibrate in passing over a copy, and electrical connections between said tracing point
and tool and also between said tracing point and said hammer.
12. In an engraving machine, an electrically controlled engraving tool, an
electrically operated hammer arranged to strike upon said tool, electrical con-
nections for said tool and said hammer, and a vibrating lever for making and
breaking the connections for said tool and said hammer, said vibrating lever being
controlled by a tracing point in passing over a copy.
13. In an engraving machine, the combination, with an adjustable tool-carrying
device, mounted upon a sliding base, of a tracing-tool slide, pivotedly attached to
a lever adjustably fulcrumed on a bracket attached to said sliding-base, substantially
as specified.
14. In an engraving machine, a reciprocating work-table, pins or studs thereon
accurately locating a chuck-holder, a chuck-holder provided with a socket for the
reception of the chuck, and sliding spring-catches in said holder, whereby said
bolder is secured to or removed from the table, substantially as specified.
15. A chuck or work-holder, provided with a flanged base and with a socket for
the reception of a chuck, recesses in said flange, adapted to engage and be centered
by pins or studs, and spring-catches in the under face of said flange, for the
purpose of engaging said pins or studs, to hold said holder rigidly upon the table,
substantially as specified.
16. An adjustable clamp, consisting of a pin or stud with an enlarged head, slots
cut in said head for the reception of cam-arms, cam-arms pivoted within said slots
and provided with pins, and a spring seated on said pins, whereby said cam-arms
are held normally in clamping position, substantially as specified.
17. In an engraving machine adapted to hold work with its center at any
one of several fixed positions a tool-carrying slide adapted to be adjusted to bring
the tool to a position corresponding to the position in which the work is held, a

page_text: sliding base for supporting said tool-carrying slide, graduations on said base for
indicating the proper adjustment of said slide, and a dowel pin for securing sail
slide to said base.
18. In a machine adapted to make an engraved reproduction of a copy held upo t
a copy slide, devices for securing the work so that the center of the portion to be
engraved upon shall traverse certain predetermined paths, and means for quickly
locating and securing the tool at positions corresponding to the said paths.
19. In combination with an engraving machine, a chuck adapted to hold pieces
of different sizes and shapes so that when clamped therein the centers of the
portions to receive the engraving shall always be in certain fixed relations to said
chuck, devices connected to, and forming part of said machine, for holding sa'd
chuck in any one of several definite positions and causing it to move so that the
center of the portion to be engraved upon shall traverse a certain fixed path
corresponding to the location of the chuck, a tool-carrying device adapted to be
adjusted to positions corresponding to the position of said chuck, graduations for
determining the adjustment of said slide, and a dowel pin for securing said adjustment
when properly made.
20. In an engraving machine, the combination of a work-supporting table adapted
to secure the work so that its center line shall be in a certain fixed position, a
tool-carrying device adapted to be adjusted to any one of several graduating marks
arranged on a sliding base, a dowel pin for securing such adjustments, a tracing-tool
slide attached to said sliding base and carrying a tracer, said tracer being
adjusted to a position on the copy corresponding to the position of the cutting tool
on the work.
21. In a machine adapted to make an engraved reproduction of a copy held
upon a copy slide, an adjustment for varying the length of said reproduction and a
second adjustment for varying its width, a copy and means for holding it in a
definite fixed position, a work holder and means for locating it so that the work
held therein shall be at one of several definite positions, a tool-carrier adapted
to be adjusted to positions corresponding to the positions at which the work is
held, and means for readily locating and securing said tool-carrier at its proper
adjustments.
22. In combination with the copy holding clamp of an engraving machine, a
series of removable copies, on bodies the size and shapes of which are such that
when held in said clamp, the center lines of all of which shall be automatically
brought into a certain fixed position.
Dated this 27th day of November 1894.
FELL & WILDING,
Agents for the Applicant.