Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 7th June, 1886.
Complete Left, 7th Apr., 1887.
Complete Accepted, 10th May, 1887.
We JOHN LORRIMER and OSMOND TABBERER of Welford Place, Leicester, in the
County of Leicester, Fancy Hosiery Manufacturers, trading as "Pool, Lorrimer
and Tabberer," do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:—
What is known as "shogging" or shifting of needles to produce a desired change
of pattern is usually performed on flat frames, viz. Lamb and other like frames used
in the manufacture of Cardigan Jackets and similar fabric, but shogging apparatus
such as is hereafter described has not hitherto been applied to or used in connection
with Circular Ribbed Heads for the production of the same class of fabric.
The object of our invention is therefore to provide apparatus and by other means
to effect shogging on Circular Ribbed Heads so that by such shogging a change or
changes of pattern of fabric may be produced thercon. And we also provide
additional apparatus capable of further acting upon the needles of the head so that
what is known as "fashioning" may be effected.
For purposes of illustration we may take the sleeve of a Cardigan Jacket which by
the means we describe may be fashioned from the wrist to the shoulder, when the
shogging process will readily cause the Circular Head to yield a change of fabric
preferably for the actual wrist or cuff.
Our Improvements are as follows :–
The frame needle Cylinder on a circular ribbed bead may be suitably recessed at
the side so as to admit of the free working of a cam or cams capable of lifting the
frame needles the desired height above the machine needles, and also that the said
needles may be lowered a sufficient distance so that what is known as the "Machine "
portion of the head may be turned or shogged thereby moving the machine needles
the desired distance over the frame needles.
To effect this we provide a plate bent to the shape of the exterior of the cylinder
having slots inclining upwards or downwards as desired set screws being employed so
that the plate in its to and fro motion may be kept close to the cylinder. A suitablo
handle is attached to this plate by means of which it may be moved backwards or
forwards for the purpose of operating on the cams before referred to.

page_text: A recess is provided in the slotted plate so that a spring-button may engage
therein and keep it in the required position.
It will be understood that the cams before named engage with the ordinary tails or
feet of the jacks and raise them the required distance and as it is necessary to lower
them before shogging can be effected we provide an additional plate which may work
within a vertical socket formed in the cylinder and engaging with the top of the tails
of the jacks.
This plate may receive the required motion from the slotted plate on the exterior of
the cylinder by means of set screws suitably arranged to work within slots or
openings in the cylinder.
Instead of having the vertical rod or shaft which passes through the said
"Machine "perfectly fixed and rigid, we provide that it shall when necessary become
loose from its socket and thereby allow the machine or dial to be turned or shogged;
and when necessary to make the rod or shaft again rigid for the purpose of working
the machine round to co-operate with the cylinder below; a suitable clip and ratchet
appliance is provided to hold the rod or shaft in the desired position. It will there-
foro be seen that the machine may be moved backwards or forward as required.
For the fashioning purposes referred to; on the top and working in conjunction
with the usual toothed and slotted counting discs, we place a small horizontal circular
disc upon which are suitable inclines or stops and on a vertical pillar fixed in the
centre of this disc may work a jointed or other suitable lever so shaped that its lower
end may engage with the inclines or steps and the other being the end of a long rod
connected thereto may engage with a suitable band or rim operating on the cams in
the head.
It will therefore be readily understood that the inclines or steps on the dise
communicate a varied motion to the lever thence to the cams which are thereby
raised or lowered and as the said inclines may be altered in size and shape according
to the fashioning desired it is obvious that an automatic fashioning action is
obtainable..
We also provide what may be termed double knocking out tackle, one portion, that
in connection with the sleeved fabric being knocked out by a lever which at intervals
engages with a pin placed on the surface of the counting or toothed slotted discs
before named. When this is disconnected a sliding lever forming the other portion
of the knocking out tackle and used in connection with the cuff or wrist fabric,
receives motion from a pin or butt fixed on the under or racking portion of the head.
The principal portion of the tackle may be and preferably is attached to what is
known as the frame handles viz. to each handle employed to throw action the bevol
wheel which engages with the bevel wheel of each head and causes it to revolve and
when removed, to stop.
The sleeve portion may therefore consist of an arm lever which may be timed and
acted upon by a pin or projection fixed on the surface of the toothed wheels when the
lever may cause the handle to disconnect the bevel wheels.
The cuff portion may be timed by a pin or projection fixed on the racking portion
of the head and wheel at certain periods comes into contact with a springed angular
lever and may thereby cause the handle to move and disconnect the bevel wheel
gearing as required.
Dated this 6th day of Anonst. 1886

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and Appertaining to Circular Knitting Machines.
We, JOHN LORRIMER and OSMOND TABBERER of Welford Place, Leicester, in the
county of Leicester, Fancy Hosiery Manufacturers, trading as "Pool, Lorrimer
and Tabberer," do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
"
This invention relates to improvements in circular knitting machines and the
objects thereof are firstly to construct the machine in such manner that the operation
of "shogging" or racking" may be performed thereon so as to obtain the same
stitch as is obtainable on a "Lamb or similarly constructed frame. The second
part of the invention relates to apparatus for effecting changes in the diameter of the
fabric produced, or what is technically termed "fashioning."
"
In the accompanying drawings Fig. 1 represents a plan of a circular machine
constructed according to our invention, the machine needles and cylinder being
removed.
Fig. 2 represents an elevation theroof.
Figs. 3, 4 and 5 represent outside views of a circular head protected so as to show
the actual course of the cam grooves and the corresponding changes in the elevation
of the needles.
Figs. 6, 7 and 8 are cross sections of the foregoing figures taken through the
dotted line A B.
Figs. 9, 10 and 11 show the manner in which the machine needles are mounted and
driven, figure 9 being a vertical section of the machine and frame cylinders, figure 10
a detail in elevation of driving gear and figure 11 a plan of the upper part of
figure 9.
Figs. 12 and 13 are details of the "fashioning" cam.
Fig. 14 is an elevation partly in section of the automatic knocking off mechanism
which comes into operation during the process of "shogging."
Fig. 15 is a plan thereof the needle cylinder being removed for clearness.
Figs. 16 and 17 are corresponding details illustrating the change in position which
somo of the parts undergo when in operation.
In the ordinary circular ribbed bead the operation of shogging is not practicable
as a certain number of the frame needles always project above the machine needles.
To obviate this difficulty we construct the cams which raise the frame needles
separate from the cylinder so that they may be raised or lowered when necessary and
thus admit of the entire depression of the whole of the said frame needles.
In the accompanying drawings C represents the cylinder which is as usual formed
in two parts connected by brackets C³ the space between the upper and lower portion
of the cylinder forming the cam groove. The variations in the cam groove on the
lower half of the cylinder are effected by means of plates D, E and E¹ which fits into
suitable recesses formed in the interior of the cylinder,

page_text: The plate D when in the position shown in figure 3 gives both the medium and
full elevation to the frame needles and the plates E and E¹ combined do the same,
E giving the medium elevation as shown in figure 7, and E' the full elevation as
shown in figure 6. The plates D, E and E' can when necessary be lowered out of
action as shown in figures 5 and 8 when the frame needles will no longer intercalate
with the machine needles. The plate D is raised or lowered by means of the cam
lever D¹ the stud & which forms the fulcrum of the lever being fixed to the plate and
passing through a vertical slot d¹ in the cylinder. The two positions of this plate are
shown in figures 3, 4 and 5. Screw studs e e¹ are also fixed to the plates E E¹ these
studs passing through vertical slots formed in the cylinder C and also through
angular slots formed in a plate F which is bent to the same radius as the cylinder
and fits closely to the exterior thereof and upon which it is capable of sliding, the
horizontal movement being obtained by means of screw studs which pass through
slots formed in the plate F and into the cylinder C. It follows from this arrange-
ment that if the plate F bo removed laterally, the studs e e¹ being compelled to
follow the course of the angular slots will either rise or fall and impart a corre
sponding movement to the plates E and E¹. When it is desired to "shog" the
plate D is lowered as shown in figures 4 and 5 and the plate F is moved laterally
until the plate cam E is level with E (see figures 4 and 7) in which position the
latches of the frame needles G are not elevated above the machine needles. The
exact extent of the lateral movement of the plato F is decided by means of a spring
stop F one end of which is fixed to a bracket (whilst the other end carries a
projection or button which catches into a recess f³, figures 1, 3, 4 and 5 in the
plate F and thus indicates the position of the plate cam E. During this preliminary
motion the elovation of the plate E is not altered, the npper portion of the slot which
directs the movement of this plate being horizontal as shown in figures 3, 4, and 5.
Whilst the needles are in this position the machine performs a single revolution
taking up one row of stitches without casting off the previous row. The plate Fis
then moved to the position shown in figure 5 causing the entire depression of the
plates E and E thereby allowing the frame needles G to descend below the level of
the machine needles H. To ensure this descent of the frame needles a
plate C³
is inserted into the cylinder C being held in position by means of a plate (which is
screwed to the cylinder. A stud c fixed to the plate C passes through a vertical slot
in the cylinder and through an inclined slot in the plate F. As the latter is moved
laterally the plate C² follows the cam plates E and E and presses upon the heels g of
the frame needles G.
The frame needles having sunk below the machine needles the latter are free to bo
moved sideways but in order that this may be effected certain alterations have to be
made in the driving parts of the machine which alterations are illustrated in figures 9
and 10. As therein shown the machine cylinder J is mounted so as to revolve
loosely on a sleeve K which is formed integrally with a bracket K¹ which is adjustably
secured to an upright pillar K the latter being fixed to the bed plate Cof the
cylinder C. Through the sleeve K passes a shaft L on the bottom of which is fixed
the brass disc J¹ having radial slots on its upper surface for the guidance of the ends
of the machine needles H.
On the upper end of the shaft L and resting upon the top of the sleeve K is
a toothed wheel M upon the boss M¹ of which rests an enlargement or collar
formed on the shaft L. At the top of the shaft L is pivotted a lever arm L
which engages with a notched plate M fixed to the outer edge of the wheel M.
On the lower portion of the fraine needle cylinder N is formed a toothed wheel N¹
which gears with a similar toothed wheel N on the vertical shaft N at the upper
end of which is a wheel N gearing with the wheel M. As the latter wheel is
mounted loosely on the shaft L rotary motion is communicated only by means of the
lever arm L¹ and plate M2 and therefore if the lever and plate are disengaged the
shaft L can be turned round by means of the lever L'.
The plate M is doubly notched so as to allow for the lateral movement of the lever
arm Lover a distance equal to the space between one needle and another. When

page_text: the frame needles have been lowered completely below the machine needles as shown
in figure 8 the lever arm L' is disengaged and moved sideways thereby moving or
" shogging" the machine needles.
The plate F is then moved back to the position shown in figure 3 returning the
can plates E and E¹ to their full elevation. The machine then performs another
revolution this time casting off the loops previously formed on the frame needles.
The plates E and E are again levelled as shown in figure 4 and the operations
repeated the "shogging" motion being from right to left and left to right alternately
as in the ordinary Lamb or other similar frame.
It is essential that the machine should perform one complete revolution before and
after the "shogging" movement and in order to ensure this we employ the automatic
knocking off motion shown in figures 14, 15, 16 and 17. The machine is driven as
usual by means of a skew bevil wheel O mounted on a feather on the shaft O¹ and
capable of being thrown into or out of gear with the cylinder driving bevil wheel 0°
by a lever 02 and clutch mechanism 08. When in gear the lever is retained in
position by means of a stud o which enters a recess in the horizontal rail o¹ fixed to
the frame of the machine. If the stud o be removed the lever O2 is drawn sideways
by means of a spring O* and the driving wheels O and Os are disengaged. A lug 05
is formed on the lever O on which lug is fulcrummed the lever P a branch of which
rests on the lever O2 and is movably connected therewith by means of pin p passing
through a slot L in the lever P. On the pivotted end of the lever P are formed two
vertical lugs P¹ between which is fulcrummed a bent lever P* the tail of which passes
underneath a lever R which is fulcrummed to the lever 02 at 7 and pivotted also to
the head of the stud o. On the boss of the bevil wheel O' is a projecting pin O' and
as this wheel revolves the pin 07 on coming in contact with the inclined end of the
lever P will depress the same and elevate the tail thereof causing the latter to raise
the lever R and thereby removing the stud o from the notch in the rail o' and
releasing the lever O'.
'
When it is not desired to "shog "the lever P² is removed out of reach of the
pin O' by altering the position of the lever P. In figure 15 the lever P² is shown out
of reach of the pin 07 and in figure 17 it is shown within reach thereof. To secure it
in this position a catch lever P is attached to the lever P by means of a stud P4.
The hooked end P of the lover P³ engages with the side of the lever O³ being held
down by a spring Pe acting on the under side of the opposite end thereof.
When it is desired to place the lever P³ out of operation the lever P³ is released by
pressing on the end thereof above the spring P" when the parts can be placed in the
position shown in figure 15.
In conjunction with the above described apparatus which is only called into
requisition when the shogging mechanism is in operation we employ a knocking off
device for stopping the machine when the requisite length of ordinary fabric has been
knit. This consists of an inclined stud S fixed on the upper surface of the ordinary
counting ratchet wheel S¹ which stud as the wheel revolves comes into contact with
the end of a bent lever S2 pivotted at s to a bracket & and raises the same causing a
pin S on the bottom end of the lever S² to bear upon and depress the upwardly
inclined end of the lever R thereby elevating the opposite end of the lever and with
it the pin or stud o thus releasing the lever O2 and placing the driving wheels out of
gear. The position of the stud S is variable and dependent upon the length of fabric
required.
The "fashioning" of the material is effected by means of the cams T and T,
placed at opposite ends of the machine (see figures 3, 4 and 5), being let into the
upper portion of the cylinder C. These cams are similar in shape and differ only in
the fact that the cam T is grooved for the reception of the drop plate C² (see figures 12
and 13) the groove being indicated by t. A slot is formed in the exterior portion
of the cam through which passes a stud screwed into the cylinder which holds the
cam in position at the same time leaving it free to rise and fall. A vertical pin to
fixed in the upper part passes through lug fixed to the cylinder C and
surrounding the pin between the lug and a collar to passing through the top of the pin
a

page_text: is a spiral spring which tends to raise the cam. A plate T curved to the exterior of
the cylinder and supported by lugs T has cams or inclines on each end; these
inclined ends are slotted and pass over the pins t³ and between milled nuts screwed
thereon and the lugs to. If the plate T he moved laterally the cams TT will be
either raised or lowered according to the direction of the motion. If lowered the
frame needles G will be depressed in proportion as they pass underneath the cams
and the length of the loop will be increased in consequence thus producing a looser
fabric of increased diameter.
The requisite lateral motion is imparted to the plate T2 by means of a cam U
formed on or attached to the upper face of a plate u which revolves with the ratchet
wheel S¹ (see figures 1, 2 and 14). The fixed axis of this wheel is continued in the
form of a pillar U₁ to which is pivotted a bent lever Us one end of which bears on
the face of the cam U the other being connected by rod U³ with the curved plate T².
As the end of the lever U rises upon the cam U the upper end will be thrown
backwards causing the curved plate T2 to describe a portion of a circle round the
cylinder C and causing the inclined ends thereof to gradually depress the cams T
and T. This depression continues until the summit of the cam U has passed under
the end of the lever U³ when the latter will drop under the influence of the spring U*
the plate T will be returned to its original position and the cams T and T will be
raised by the spiral springs surrounding the pins t³. In order to admit of variation
in the extent of the motion imparted to the cams T and T¹ the cam U is preferably
formed. in short segments screwed separately to the face of the plate u.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is :
1. The application to a circular knitting machine of "shogging" mechanism.
2. The application to a circular knitting machine of fashioning" mechanism,
substantially as specified and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In a circular knitting machine movable cam plates such as D, E and E¹ capable
of being lowered so as to allow the frame needles G to drop below the machine
needles substantially as specified and shown in the accompanying drawings.
4. In a circular knitting machine constructing the machine head so that it may be
detached from the driving wheels and "shogged" or the needles moved to and fro
laterally substantially as specified and illustrated in figures 9, 10 and 11 of the
accompanying drawings.
5. In a circular knitting machine constructed as herein described to admit of the
machine needles being "shogged or moved to and fro laterally the combination
therewith of knocking off mechanism such as herein specified and illustrated in
figures 14, 15, 16 and 17 of the accompanying drawings.
6. In a circular knitting machine the use of "fashioning" cams such as T and T¹
for producing a variation in the descent of the frame noodles G and a corresponding
variation in the length of the loops formed thereby substantially as specified and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
7. In a circular knitting machine the combination with movable cams such as T T
of a cam plato T2 operated from the count wheel S₁ or its spindle substantially as
specified and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated the day at Horoh IXX7
JOHN LORRIMER.
O. TABBERER.
Doted the 24th day of North 1XX7
Witness to both signatures,
E. N. LEWIS,
Midland Patent Office,
Market Street. Leicester.
JOHN LORRIMER.
O. TABBERER.