IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING SCREW NUTS FROM FORGED BLANKS
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Sidney Ford Smith, of the City of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING SCREW NUTS FROM FORGED
BLANKS."
Scaled the 7th September 1871, and dated the 25th March 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left, by the said George Sidney Ford
Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 25th March 1871.
I, GEORGE SIDNEY FORD SMITH, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING SCREW NUTS
FROM FORGED BLANKS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to machinery for drilling, tapping, facing, and
shaping forged blanks, to form them into finished screw nuts, mainly
by self-acting means, the whole of the operations being performed by
three separate machines. In the first machine the blanks are placed
and removed one at a time, and in this machine they are first drilled,

page_text: then tapped, and then faced at one end; these operations being per-
formed in succession, and while the blank is held in the same chuck.
In the second machine the nuts are faced at one end, one at a time, and
in the third machine the sides of the nuts are planed, a number of them
being all operated upon at the same time, which operation finishes
the nut.
The first machine consists of a frame, which is arranged to rotate on
a vertical axis, the exterior of the upper end of the rotating. frame
having a bearing in the fixed frame of the machine. In the rotating
frame there are by preference four vertical shafts at cqual distances
apart, and cach shaft has a chuck at its upper end, formed by a series.
of radiating slides, acted upon by cams in a disc plate round the chuck,
which disc plate can be turned by cam action to withdraw the slides,.
so that the nut may be inserted and removed from the chuck which
closes upon the nut by the action of a spring when released by the cam.
Each chuck is rotated from the central shaft, and is connected and
disconnected with its driving wheel by means of a clutch, but each
chuck remains in gear in every position of the rotating, frame, except
that where the blanks are inserted and removed, being thrown out of
gear in this position when the end of the shaft comes over a fixed bowl.,
The rotating frame carrying the chucks moves intermittently one quarter
of a revolution each time, so that, each chuck will stand for a time
while the operations are being performed, and this intermittent move-
ment may be produced by cam action, and the movement arrested by
a stop. pin or by other suitable means. The drill and tap are each
mounted on suitable slides, and actuated by cams, and the facing tools;
one for roughing, the other for finishing; are each mounted on a vertical
axis to move in an arc, and are actuated by a cam. The tap is detached
from the holder when it has screwed through the nut, and it is removed
when the nut is taken from the chuck and replaced in the holder ready
for repeating the operation. The machine may be made so that the
chucks will not rotate, the drill tap and facing cutters. rotating
instead.
The second machine consists of a lathe having a centre in its spindle,
upon which the nuts are screwed by being placed in a chuck or holder
on a shaft having bearings, so that it will come in a line with the lathe
spindle, the shaft having a suitable hand wheel upon it and being
capable of sliding endways. The lathe spindle has: two sets of pulleys

page_text: upon it, one for a cross, and the other for an open driving belt. One
belt drives the spindle to screw on the nut and turn or face it. The
other belt drives the spindle to unscrew the nut. The facing is done by
two cutters, one for roughing, and one for finishing, and by two suitable
cutters for chamfering. These cutters are mounted on an axis to move.
in an arc, and both are connected to move at the same time against, the
nut, and while cutting are brought into. gear with a screw or worm to
regulate the feed.
In the third machine a number of nuts are placed upon a mandrel and
screwed up against each other, and this mandrel is placed in centres,
and a number of mandrels may be similarly arranged side by side in
the same table or frame which is made to move to and fro under planing
cutters; there being one roughing and one finishing tool for each
mandrel, which tools are all mounted upon the same feeding slide, so
arranged that the tools will be lifted after each cut during the back
movement of the table and then lowered from the forward or cutting
movement. The cutters are also. lifted when the mandrels are turned
after one face has been completed. This turning of the mandrels is
performed when the slide carrying: the cutters comes against a stop. by
a pawl acting upon a ratchet dividing wheel upon the end of one of the
centres of each mandrel, there being a separate ratchet dividing wheel.
and pawl for each mandrel, and the cutter slide is brought back by the
screw, being brought into gear with a clutch box constantly rotating.
at a quick speed, the clutch being reversed when the slide is fully
screwed back to come into gear with the ordinary feeding arrangement..
The machine stops when all the sides of the nut have been operated
unon.
"
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said George Sidney Ford Smith in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 19th September 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME;. I, GEORGE.
SIDNEY FORD SMITH, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent. Majesty. Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent,. bearing, date the. Twenty-fifth day of March, in the year

page_text: of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said George Sidney Ford Smith, Her
special license that I, the said George Sidney Ford Smith, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said George Sidney
Ford Smith, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times.
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING SCREW NUTS FROM FORGED
BLANKS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said George
Sidney Ford Smith, by an instrument in writing under my hand and
seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Scal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Sidney Ford Smith, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and the accompanying Drawings
(that is to say) -
My Invention relates to machinery for drilling, tapping, facing, and
shaping forged blanks to form them into finished screw nuts, mainly
by self-acting, means, the whole of the operations being performed by
three separate machines. In the first machine the blanks are placed
and removed one at a time, and in this machine they are first drilled,
then tapped, and then faced at one end, these operations being per-
formed in succession and while the blank is held in the same chuck.
In the second machine the nuts are faced and chamfered at one end one
at a time, and in the third machine the sides of the nuts are planed, a
number of them being all operated upon at the same time, which
operation finishes, the nut.
The first machine consists of a frame which is arranged to rotate on
a vertical axis, the exterior of the upper end of the rotating frame
having a bearing in the fixed framing of the machine. In the rotating
frame there are, by preference, four vertical shafts at equal distances

page_text: apart; and caċli shaft has a chuck at its upper end formed by a scries of
radiating slides acted upon by cams in a ring or disc plate round the
chuck; which ring or disc plate can be turned by cam action to with-
draw the slides so that the nut may be inserted and removed from the
chuck which closes upon the nut by the action of a spring when released
by the cam:
Each chuck is rotated from the central shaft and is
connected and disconnected with its driving wheel by means of a clutch;
but each chuck remains in gear in every position of the rotating frame
except that where the blanks are inserted and removed; being thrown
out of gear in this position when the end of the shaft comes over a
bowl having bearings on the fixed framing. The rotating frame carrying
the chucks moves intermittently one quarter of a revolution cach time;
so that each chuck will stand for a time while the operations are being
performed; and this intermittent movement may be produced by cam
action and the movement arrested by a stop or by other suitable means:
The drill and tap are each mounted on suitable slides actuated by cams
and the facing tools, one for roughing, the other for finishing; are cach
mounted on a vertical axis to move in an arc and are actuated by a
can. The tap is detached from the holder when it has screwed througli
the nut and falls away, and it is replaced in the holder ready for
repeating the operation.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation; Fig. 2 à front sectional clevation, and Fig. 3
a plan illustrating the machine for drilling, tapping, and facing;
Fig. 4 is a detached plan, and Fig. 5 an edge view explaining the
gearing for producing the intermittent motion in the rotating frame;
and Fig. 6 is an end view, and Fig: 7 a section of one of the chucks for
holding and rotating the nuts.
that gears with
that drives the
A is the fixed framing of the machine; a are driving pulleys on a
shaft in suitable bearings, which shaft drives the shaft a² by bevel
wheels : Upon the shaft a² there is a bevel wheel a'
one secured upon the lower end of the central shaft
rotating chucks, and there is another bevel wheel a³ on the shaft a²
that drives one on a shaft a in suitable bearings from the framing, and
upon this shaft (a) there is a worm a that gears with a worm wheel c
on the cam shaft c of the machine; which makes one revolution in the
time required to simultaneously drill one nut, tap another, face a third,
and remove and replace a fourth; d is a frame having bearings on the
central shaft 6.and in the upper part of the fixed framing A. In the

page_text: Each of
frame there are bearings for four vertical shafts e at equal distances
apart from each other & from the axis (6) of the frame.
the four shafts (c) is hollow and part of the chuck (e¹) is solid
with the upper end of the shaft. Each shaft (e) has a bearing in a bush
inserted in the lower part of the rotating frame (d), and cach shaft
has also a wheel e rotating loose upon it, which wheel gears with a
wheel (b) fast upon the central shaft 6. Clutch teeth are formed upon
the face of the wheel e² upon each chuck shaft, and similar teeth (d¹)
are also formed upon the face or lower end of the upper-bearing, and
there is a double clutch (e³) secured upon each shaft, and this clutch is
in gear with the clutch teeth on the wheel e² when each chuck shaft (e)
is in its lowest position, but when each chuck shaft in succession comes
over the bowlf having bearings on the framing A (see Fig. 1) it is
lifted, the clutch (e³) comes out of gear with the wheel e and into gear
with the fixed clutch teeth d, which prevents the clutch shaft from
revolving while it remains in that position. One of the wheels (e² (sec
Fig. 2) is secured upon a long boss e* that passes through its bush
bearing, and upon its end-there is a pinion e³ that gears with a wheel d
on a stud d³, which wheel has a pinion d' secured to it that gears with
a wheel d³ rotating freely upon the boss upon the framing forming the
lower bearing of the central shaft b. The wheel is formed with an
internal cone to fit an external cone g
two are in contact. The brake cone can slide up and down the exterior
of the bearing for the shaft b, and is connected with a bow g¹ that passes
under the bevel wheel on the lower end of the central shaft b, the bow
being jointed with the end of a lever g² having its fulcrum g³ upon the
framing, this lever being acted upon by a cam g' on the cam shaft c
which is shaped to lift the cone brake g into contact with the wheel d³;
this stops it from revolving and causes the frame d to be rotated a
quarter of a revolution, the cam being formed to hold the brake in
contact until this is effected. To stop the rotation of the frame & at the
completion of its quarter turn and retain it steady while the tools are
operating there is a bolt do that slides in a hole in the fixed framing A
which rises and enters as they come round cach of the four holes in the
table flange of the rotating frame d, and thus arrests its movement.
This sliding bolt d is jointed to a rod d', & is also jointed to the conc
brake lever which is kept against the actuating cam g' by the pull of
an helical spring. The chucks are formed as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7
by dies which are actuated radially by cams or parts of screws formed
which acts as a brake when the

page_text: in a ring that can rotate partly round the head e¹ of the chuck, the
ring and dies being kept in position by the covering plate e secured by
screws. In a groove round the head of the chuck a helical spring e" is
stretched, one end of the spring being secured to the head e¹, the other
end to the ring e, the tension of the spring acting to rotate the ring
and cause the radial diese to be forced inwards to grip the nut. The
ring e² has a series of teeth in it all round like a spur wheel, and these
teeth are to enable a pawl to enter and turn back the ring against the
force of the spring to open the dies when the chuck shaft comes over
the lifting bowl f, so that the nut may be removed and replaced
by another blank. The catch or pawl that actuates the ring e
is mounted upon a part h¹ that slides in a segmental slot concentric
with the chuck formed in a bracket (A¹) secured to the framing. This
catch or pawl has a spring acting upon it to force it towards the
teeth in the ring e' of the chuck, and the catch is drawn back from
the teeth of the ring when its bevelled end comes in contact with an
incline stud fixed in the bracket A'. The pawl or catch is actuated
by a rod jointed to it, and to a part jointed to the upper end of a
vertical arm of a bell-crank lever having its fulcrum on the framing
at, the horizontal arm of this lever carrying the bowl that rests upon
the cam ho, which is shaped to move forward, the sliding catch / to open
the dies as soon as the change in the frame d has taken place and to keep
them open to give time for changing the nut, when the cam moves the
catch a little further in the same direction until it comes against the
inclined stud h³ that releases it and allows the spring e to close the dies,
and while the change is taking place in the rotating frame or after the
cam moves the catch back to be ready for the next change. A is an
upright part of the framing in which vertical slide ways are formed
to receive slides for the drill and tap. is the drill slide in which the
drill is secured by a set screw. The slide has a projection from it
that passes through a slot in the upright framing part, to which one
end of a rod is jointed, the other end being jointed to a lever having
its fulcrum on a bracket from the framing. This lever is actuated
by a cam shaped to begin to gradually force down the drill when
5 the change has taken place in the rotating frame d, until the drill bas
passed through the nut, when the cam allows the weighted lever 2
centred at 7 to pull up, the drill and wait for the next operation. j is
the slide for the tap which is made with a square end (smaller than
the thread part) to fit a square hole in the slide. The square part of

page_text: the tap has a shallow hole in one side for a pin to enter that slides
through the side of the holder, this pin being forced inwards to hold
in the tap by a spring, but when the thread of the tap has passed
through the nut a hook part upon the sliding pin comes against an
incline fixed on the framing and causes it to be withdrawn, this allows
the tap to fall and pass through the hollow of the shaft into a vessel
of water below which cools it. From this vessel the tap is taken and
replaced in the holder of the slide when it has been lifted to its highest
point, when it is ready for the next operation. The tap slide is actuated
by a rod jointed to a projection from the back of the slide and to a
lever having its fulcrum j³ on a bracket from the framing. This
lever is acted upon by a cam shaped to bring down the slide j, as
the tap screws through the nut and then allows the slide to be drawn
up by the chain or rope j passing over a pulley j and having a
weight attached to its end. There are two tools or cutters for
facing the nut, one for roughing, the other for finishing, cach tool is
secured in a holder k by a set screw, and each holder is mounted on
a.stud or short shaft ¹ having its bearing in a bracket A³ secured
to, the framing, and these studs or shafts are cach drawn upwards
to prevent
play" by a spring (see Fig. 2). The holders are actuated to
move the cutters in an are by two rods ², one of which is jointed to
an arm from each holder, the other ends of the two rods being both
jointed to the end of the same lever having its fulcrum k³ on a
bracket, this lever being actuated by a cam k³ shaped to begin to move
the cutters gradually over the face of the nut as soon as the change has
been made in the rotating frame (d), and quickly draw them back (by
a helical spring) just before the change takes place in the rotating
frame. In working the machine the attendant has to remove the nuts
from and replace them in the chucks as they come round to the position
in which they remain stationary in succession and to replace the tap
in its holder.
The second machine consists of a lathe having a centre in its spindle
upon which the nuts are screwed by being placed in a chuck or holder
in a hand wheel free upon the lathe spindle to rotate and move end-
ways. The lathe spindle has two sets of fast and loose pulleys upon it,
one set for a cross, the other for an open driving belt. One belt drives
the spindle to screw on the nut and turn or face it, and the other belt
drives the spindle to unscrew the nut. The facing is done by two

page_text: cutters, one for roughing and one for finishing, and by two similar
cutters for chamfering. These cutters may be mounted to move in an
arc, but I prefer to place them on slides geared together, so that both
the cutters for facing and chamfering will be brought into operation by.
turning the same handle.
Fig. 8 is an end elevation, Fig. 9 a side elevation, Fig. 10 a plan view,
of the lathe for facing the nuts, Fig. 11 being a detacher or vertical
section through one slide.
A is the bed; A', the fect of the lathe; a, the lathe spindle; a¹ and,
a are the fast and a³ and a' the loose pulleys for the crossed and open
belts; as, the belt guides mounted on a slide a carried by brackets: a' is
a handle for actuating the slide on a fulcrum at a³, and connected to the
slide by a pin and slot. a is a lever having its fulcrum a* on the
bracket; this lever carries a brake surface that comes upon the fast
pulley a when the end of the lever is lowered, and is removed from the
pulley when the end of the lever is lifted. The brake lever is actuated
by a cam surface upon the edge of the belt guide bar a³, upon which
cam surface a bowl in the brake lever works, the lever being lowered
upon the fast pulley, while the belts are upon or traversing over the
loose pulleys. In the end of the lathe spindle a screw centre is fitted,
upon which the nuts are screwed to be faced, and upon the exterior of
the lathe spindle there is the ordinary chuck for screwing on and off
the nuts. Upon this chuck or boss part there is a hand wheel b¹ which
is connected with the boss by a bent key or bolt 63, the bent end of
which enters a groove in the boss b. The hand wheel 6 by this arrange-
ment cannot move endways upon the boss, but the boss can makc
nearly a complete revolution either way before the bent end of the key
comes against a stop ³ fixed in the groove in the boss. With this
arrangement when the hand wheel is held and the spindle is reversed to
screw off the nut there is a slight blow or shock when the stop in the
boss comes against the bent key in the hand wheel that loosens the nut
so that it screws off easily. c is a slide arranged with two cutters, one
for roughing the other for finishing, secured by screws; this slide is for
facing; d is another slide carrying.similar cutters for chamfering. The
screws c¹ for the slides are each driven from a shaft c² below it, this
shaft being geared to the screw actuating the slide in each case by spur
wheels c, and the two shafts are geared together by bevil wheels,

page_text: shewn in dotted line, so that by turning the shaft c² for the slide c by
a suitable handle both slides are actuated at the same time.
In the third machine a number of nuts are placed upon a mandril and
screwed up against each other, and this mandril is placed in centres,
and a number of mandrils may be similarly arranged side by side on
the same table or frame, which is made to move to and fro under
planing cutters, there being one roughing and one finishing tool for each
mandril, which tools are all mounted upon the same feeding slide, so
arranged that the tools will be lifted or moved away after cach cut
during the back movement of the table, and then lowered or brought
in position for the forward or cutting movement. The cutters are also
lifted or kept up when the mandrils are turned after each face has been
completed. This turning of the mandrels is performed when the slide
carrying the cutters arrives in a certain position or comes against a
stop, or when a cam or wheel has made a complete revolution by means
of a pawl acting upon a ratchet dividing wheel upon one of the centres
of each mandrel, there being a separate ratchet dividing wheel and
pawl for each mandrel, and the cutter slide is brought back by the screw
being brought into gear with a clutch box kept constantly rotating at a
quick speed, the clutch being reversed when the slide is fully screwed
back to come into gear with the ordinary feeding arrangement. In
place of a screw for feeding the cut a cam may be used, a bowl on or
connected with the tool slide being kept against the surface of the cam
by a spring or weight, which will bring back the tool slide quickly
when the cam has completed its revolution. There may be also cams
or cam surfaces connected with the feeding cam for bringing the stops
into operation when the mandrels have to be turned and the tool box
held up.
;
Fig. 12 is a side elevation; Fig. 13, a front elevation; and Fig. 14,
a plan view of the machine for planing the sides of the nuts. Figs. 15,
16, 17, and 18 are detached views referring to the same machine, which
will be explained herein-after.
A is the framing of the machine; a¹ is the driving pulley on a shaft a
in suitable bearings in the machine. On the inner end of this shaft
there is a disc a², in which a crank pin is fixed on which a dic fits that
works in a slot in a lever (a³) having its fulcrum .a on projecting
brackets. To the upper slotted end of this lever a link a is jointed,

page_text: which is also jointed to the table 6 of the machine, mounted as shewn.
By this arrangement the table receives a slow forward, or cutting, and
quick back movement. Upon the table there is an upward rib, and
there are heads which carry the centres for the mandrils (x). The
centre for one end of each mandril is arranged as a "following” centro
with a screw for adjusting; the other centres are in short spindles or
shafts c, which are arranged to rotate. These latter centres have each
projecting jaws c¹, between which the end of the driver secured upon
the end of each mandrel can come, all play being removed by the set
screw c² in one jaw, which is adjusted to come against the side of the
driver, so that the centre and driver will turn together. There is a
ratchet wheels with as many teeth as there are sides upon the nuts to
be operated upon, keyed or otherwise secured upon the outside end of
each centre spindle, and these ratchets are arranged to overlap each
other, as shewn, Above the ratchets there is a bar c arranged in
suitable brackets to slide to and fro endways, and to this bar a pawl c
is jointed for each ratchet. To a bracket carrying one end of the
bar c one end of a helical spring c is secured, the other end being
attached to a sbud in the bar c', so as to draw it back against a stop
after it has made its feeding movement. This bar is also jointed with
a rod c that is connected with an arm c³ secured upon a vertical shaft c
having bearings in the part carrying the centres, and the lower end of
this shaft has another arm c* upon it to which a rod c¹ is jointed that
slides through a hole or guide in a bracket a secured to the framing.
The bar has an adjustable rod c¹ secured upon it, and it is when the
end of this bar is prevented from passing through the hole in the guide
on the forward movement of the table, as herein-after explained, that
movement is transmitted to the pawl bar c' to pull it back so that each
pawl takes a fresh tooth, and on the next immediate back move-
ment (while the tools are lifted away from the work) the arm c* comes
against the end of a set screw c placed in a bracket secured to the
framing of the machine, and this moves the pawl bar to turn all the
ratchets one tooth forward. The ratchets are held so as not to move
while the nuts are being operated upon by the friction caused by two
bars c¹s faced with wood or other suitable material, which are arranged
to come against cach side of the lower part of each ratchet, the two
bars being drawn towards cach other to pinch the ratchets between them
by set screws, which give sufficient friction to prevent the ratchets from
moving merely by the action of the planing cutters. The friction bars

page_text: are held up and prevented from moving endways by pins or other means
secured to the table (6). The cross slide way for the cutting tools is
mounted upon uprights A³ bolted to the side framing of the machine:
The slide d extends across the machine, and is connected with the
screw d¹ for giving it movement, as in ordinary planing machines. In
the slide a tool box me is mounted on a shaft m¹ carried by the slide so
as to be capable of oscillating to lift the cutting tools to and from the
work. In the tool box, and side by side, tool holders fard secured each
by a set screw f¹ passing. through a slot in the holder into the back
of the tool box, the slot admitting of the tool holder being adjusted
vertically by a screw f³ which fits a thread in the holder while the
bearing of the screw rotates in the bar along the upper side of the tool
box. The tool box m is oscillated to bring the cutters to and from the
work by a lever having its fulcrum g¹ on a bracket secured to one
upright, the upper end of this lever coming against the back of a projec-
tion from the tool box; the lower end of the lever has a latch g2 jointed
to it that can catch upon the head of a set screw or pin in the upright
and hold up the tool box. When the table has arrived at the end of its
cutting movement there is an adjustable projection g³ upon it that
comes in contact with the lower end of the lever g, and moves the tool
box so that the tools are taken away from the work and the latch g²
holds it in this position until the table arrives at the end of the return
stroke, when an adjustable incline g' on the table forces up the latch,
and this allows the tool box to assume the cutting position. The
screw d¹ for the slide extends outwards, and has its outer bearing in a
bracket from the framing, and upon it there is a pulley h which can
rotate freely upon the screw, the boss of this pulley having clutch teeth
formed upon it. There is also a ratchet wheel d upon the screw shaft
which can also rotate freely and has clutch teeth on its boss, and
upon the screw shaft between the clutch teeth on the ratchet and
on the pulley there is a boss d³ with clutch teeth at each end, and this
boss slides upon a fixed key so that it may be brought by means of a
clutch fork e¹ secured upon a sliding rod e into gear with either the
pulley or the ratchet. The ratchet is actuated by a pawl jointed on a
lever that can oscillate upon the screw shaft d', the lever being
acted upon by two adjustable stops d³ upon a bar dº carried by a bracket
secured to the table (b), which stops come in contact with a pin in the
lower end of the lever d'.
by a belt from the pulley
The clutch pulley his
upon the driving shaft a.
rotated constantly
When the clutch

page_text: d³ is in gear with the ratchet the slide d receives the feeding movement,
when the clutch is in gear with the pulley / the slide is screwed back
quickly ready to operate upon the next side of the nuts. The sliding
clutch fork rode has bearings in the fixed framing of the machine and
upon it a piece e² is secured having two notches in it. Upon the fixed
framing there is a stud that forms the fulcrum e³ of a lever e' which
has a projection that will enter alternately the two notches in the
piece e². When this projection is in one notch (as shewn in Fig. 13)
the clutch d is in gear with the ratchet feed wheel d², when the pro-
jection is in the other notch the clutch is in gear with the screwing
back pulley . There is a piece e5 (shewn best in Figs. 13 and 14)
which can slide endways upon the clutch fork rod e, this piece has two
stops (e) and two inclines upon it e² and e³. The stops are acted upon
by a finger d projecting from the slide d and the inclines c and es will
upon bowls on studs in a slot in the end of the lever et when the
part es receives end movement, and these inclines will release the pro-
jection from the notches in the part 2 by forcing up the end of the
lever. One end of a horseshoe formed spring e' is secured to the side
of the notched piece e, the other end to the sliding piece e, consequently
its action is to pull the clutch fork rod e one way when the tool slide
moves in one direction, and the opposite way when it moves in the
other direction, and thus bring first one clutch into gear and then the
other, the time for each movement being regulated by the action of the
inclines upon the bowls in the lever e*.
act
.
Fig. 15 is a side view, and Fig. 16 a back view of some of the parts
which come into operation when the clutch fork rod e moves;, e is the
clutch fork rod; k, a lever mounted on a fulcrum pin secured in the
framing. The upper end of this lever is formed by a spring which
will bend sideways, the lower part of the lever has another lever k³
jointed to it on a centre at k*, this lever is acted upon by one end of a
spring secured to the lever k, and the other end of the spring acts
against the side framing to push that end of the lever away when free.
When the tool box slide is being screwed back a projection e* from
the part e³ comes in contact with the spring end of the lever k and
brings the end of the lever into the position, shewn in Fig. 16, and
this prevents the end of the rod c from passing through the hole in
the guide A²; this, as before explained, produces the movements which
turn the ratchets that actuate the mandrels one tooth. If the rod c

page_text: .
happens to be in the way when the lever is moved towards it the
spring () allows it to give way and forces it opposite the hole in the
guide when the rod c¹¹ is withdrawn, the spring 5 also permits the
continued movement of the elastic end of the lever in the same
direction until it is released from the projection e* by coming against
the incline j fixed in the framing which forces the spring end k² of the
lever to one side, then the spring acts and the lever is moved to
bring its end away from the hole in the guide A³. When the part e³
moves in the direction for feeding the cut the bevelled end of the
projection ex passes the spring end of the lever k by forcing it to one
side. There is a collar secured upon the clutch-fork rod (e) which
has a notch that fits one arm of a bell-crank lever having its fulcrum
on the framing, the other arm of this lever fits a slot in a vertical
slide bolt P. When the clutch-fork rod e moves to bring the clutch
into gear with the pulley / this bolt is lowered and its end comes in
the way of the end of a set screw in the latch g² and prevents the tool
box (m) from lowering while the slide d is being screwed back, the back
movement of the clutch-fork rod withdraws the sliding bolt and allows
the tool box to fall and rise as when planing.
Fig. 17 is a side and Fig. 18 an end view showing a mode of applying
one or more stays to support the mandrel while being planed against
the cut; is the mandrel; x¹, the nuts; and x³, a round collar which
comes just below the surfaces of the planed nuts; this collar rests in
the end of the supporting stay which is adjusted by the screw 2ª
as shown.
I have now particularly described the nature of my Invention, and
the mode of carrying it into effect, and claim as my Invention,―
Firstly. The system or mode of simultaneously drilling, tapping, and
screwing nuts of the combination and arrangement of mechanism
substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by Figs. 1 to 16
of the Drawings.
. Secondly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for facing.
and chamfering nuts, especially the simultaneous working of the facing
and chamfering slides and d, the brake (aº), the combination of the.
loose hand wheel (6') and boss (6), substantially as herein-before described
and illustrated by Figs. 8 to 11 of the Drawings.
Thirdly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for planing
the sides of the nuts,-reversing the tool slide, and turning the mandrils

page_text: after each side of the nuts have been planed by self-acting means,
substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by Figs. 12 to 16
of the Drawings.
Fourthly. The mode of supporting the mandrels when planing nuts
substantially as herein-before described and illustrated by Figs. 17 and 18
of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Sidney Ford Smith, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of September,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
one.
Witness,
PETER J. LIVSEY,
Patent Agent,
Manchester:
G. S. F. SMITH.
(L.S.)