AN IMPROVED FOUNDATION OR GROUNDWORK FOR PLASTER FOR CEILINGS, WALLS, PARTITIONS, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1862

page_text: •
of "AN IMPROVED FOUNDATION OR GROUNDWORK FOR PLASTER FOR
CEILINGS, WALLS, PARTITIONS, AND OTHER PURPOSES," bearing date
First day of September, One thousand eight hundred, and sixty-
two, to which a Specification was duly.filed.
DISCLAIMER AND MEMORANDUM OF ALTERATION proposed to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office by the said John Nickson and
Thomas Waddingham, junior, pursuant to the Statutes in that case
made and provided.
"
WHEREAS we have from our experience in the practical application of
our Invention discovered that some of the materials stated in the said Speci-
fication to be suitable for being employed as slabs or plates for foundations
for plaster, cement, or stucco cannot be advantageously employed, and that
in point of economy and efficiency no material that we are acquainted with
can be used so advantageously as slate; we are, therefore, desirous of limiting
our Invention to its application in the case of plates or slabs of sláte. We,
therefore, disclaim and strike out of our said Specification, in page 3, lines 4 and
5, in the Queen's Printers copy, after the words "consist in the use of plates or
slabs of slate," the words following next; being the words "metál, earthen-
ware, or other similar and suitable material" and in lines 18 and 19 of the

page_text: same page 3, we disclaim and strike out the words "metal, earthenware, or
other material;" and in line 34 of the same page 3, we disclaim and strike
out the words "earthenware or metal;" and in page 4, lines 1 and 2, we
disclaim and strike out the words "in particular, or of metal, earthenware, or
other suitable material," and instead of the word "otherwise," we substitute
the words "arranged at distances apart." And the said Specification when
amended as proposed by us by Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration,
will read as follows:-
" SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
"filed by the said John Nickson and Thomas Waddingham, in the Great
"Seal Patent Office, on the 27th February 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME we, JoHN
NICKSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Plasterer, and THOMAS
WADDINGHAM, junior, of the same Place, Architect, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her
reign, did, for, Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us,
the said John Nickson and Thomas Waddingham; junior, Her special
license, that we, the said John Nickson and Thomas Waddingham, junior,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
John Nickson and Thomas Waddingham, junior, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any timé agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "AN IMPROVED FOUNDATION OR GROUNDWORK FOR PLASTER FOR
CEILINGS, WALLS, PARTITIONS, AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition,
amongst others, that we, the said John Nickson and Thomas Waddingham,
junior, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
→
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Nickson and Thomas Wadding-
ham, junior, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that
is to say):-

page_text: Our Invention is designed for the purpose of obtaining a stronger and more
durable. foundation for the, plaster, cement, or stucco used to coat or cover
walls, ceilings, floors, and partitions than the wooden laths usually employed,
and consists in the use of plates or slabs of slate perforated with round, square,
or other shaped, holes, or with oblong slots, for the purpose of retaining the
plaster, 'a space being left between the adjoining edges of the plates when
placed in position for the same purpose. The said plates are nailed or other-
wise attached to the joists, spars, or battens, and are made of a suitable size
to cover the spaces between the same, or they are attached to studs projecting
at suitable intervals from the surface of the wall to be covered, so as to leave
a space between the wall and the plastering, which is more particularly
adapted to the outer walls of buildings or to walls exposed to damp.
In order that the Invention may be, better understood and explained in
detail, we have hereunto attached a Sheet. of Drawings illustrative of the
same.
Fig. 1 is an isometrical perspective view representing a portion of the
groundwork for a wall and ceiling formed of slabs of slate, secured by nails,
screws, or clamps across the spaces: between the wooden supports, battens in
walls, and joists in ceilings.
Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 exhibit separate slabs with various forms of apertures
punched therein, through which the plaster passes, when the surface is covered
therewith, thus forming a "key," whereby the plaster is assisted in adhering
to the slab.
Fig. 6 exhibits a narrow form of slab wherein no holes are formed. These
slabs or plates are to be arranged at such distances. apart that the space
between their adjoining edges shall admit of the plaster passing through, and
so form the "key" to support the plaster. The plates or slabs may either be
nailed or screwed to the wood as roofing slates are now'usually secured, or
they may be clamped at their edges by the angle nails as shewn.
A wall or ceiling thus constructed requires less plaster than when wooden
Jaths are employed, the surface to be covered being, perfectly rigid, more
even, and will, when finished, be more durable, and to a great extent sound-
proof and fire-proof. We would remark, that the slabs or plates of slate may
be perforated with any form of aperture, or may be employed without, as in
Fig. 6.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it be distinctly-
understood that we claim the novel application, employment, and use of slabs
or plates of slate perforated or arranged at distances apart for the purpose of

page_text: forming a strong and durable foundation or groundwork for the plaster used
for walls, ceilings, and for other similar purposes, as herein-before described,
set forth, and fully illustrated in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, we the said John Nickson and Thomas Wadding-
ham, junior, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighteenth
day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and
Y auungua
To the Commissioners of Patents for Inventions.
I hereby grant my fiat giving leave to the above-named John Nickson
and Thomas Waddingham, junior, to file in the Great Seal Patent Office, with
the Specification to which the same relates, the above-written Disclaimer
and Memorandum of Alteration.

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Nickson and Thomas
Waddingham, at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 1st September 1862.
We, JOHN NICKSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Plasterer,
and THOMAS WADDINGHAM, junior, of the. same Place, Architect, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED FOUNDATION OR
GROUNDWORK FOR PLASTER FOR CEILINGS, WALLS, PARTITIONS, AND OTHER PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:-
.
Our Invention is designed for the purpose of obtaining a stronger and more
durable foundation for the plaster, cement, or stucco used to coat or cover
walls; ceilings, floors, and partitions than the wooden laths usually employed,
and consists in the use of rectangular plates or slabs of metal, slate, earthenware;
or other similar and suitable material perforated with round, square, or other
shaped-holes, or with-oblong slots, for the purpose of retaining the plaster, a
space being left between the adjoining edges of the plates when placed in

page_text: position, for the same purpose. The said plates are nailed or otherwise
attached to the joists, spars, or battens, and are made of a suitable size to cover
the spaces between the same, or they are attached to studs projecting at
suitable intervals from the surface of the wall to be covered, so as to leave a
space between the wall and the plastering, which is more particularly adapted 5
to the outer walls of buildings, or to walls exposed to damp.
SPECIFICATION .in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Nickson and Thomas Waddingham, in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 27th February 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
NICKSON, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Plasterer, and THOMAS
WADDINGHAM, junior, of the same Place, Architect, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her, most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the First day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-sixth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
John Nickson and Thomas Waddingham, junior, Her special license that we,
the said John Nickson and Thomas Waddingham, junior, our executors, ad-
ministrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Nickson and
Thomas Waddingham, junior, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United. Kingdom. of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
FOUNDATION OR GROUNDWORK FOR PLASTER FOR CEILINGS, WALLS, PARTITIONS, AND
OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition, amongst others, that we, the said John
Nickson and Thomas Waddingham, junior, by an instrument in writing under
our hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent..
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Nickson and Thomas Wadding-
ham, junior, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that
is to say):-

page_text: Our Invention is designed for the purpose of obtaining a stronger and 'more
durable foundation for the plaster, cement, or stucco, used to coat.'or cover
walls, ceilings, floors, and partitions, than the wooden laths usually employed,
and consists in the use of plates or slabs of slate, metal, earthenware, or other
similar and suitable material perforated. with round, square, or other shaped
holes, or with oblong slots for the purpose of retaining the plaster, a space
being left between the adjoining edges of the plates, when placed in position
for the same purpose. The said plates are nailed or otherwise attached to the
joists, spars, or battens, and are made of a suitable size to cover the spaces
between the same, or they are attached to studs projecting at suitable intervals
from the surface of the wall to be covered, so as to leave a space between the
wall and the plastering, which is more particularly adapted to the outer walls
of buildings, or to walls exposed to damp.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail, we have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings illustrative of the
same.
Fig. 1 is an isometrical perspective view representing a portion of the
groundwork for a wall and ceiling formed of slabs of slate, metal, earthenware,
or other material secured by nails, screws, or clamps across the spaces between.
the wooden supports, battens in walls, and joists in ceilings.
Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5, exhibit separate slabs with various forms of apertures
punched therein, through which the plaster passes when the surface is covered
therewith, thus forming a "key," whereby the plaster is assisted in adhering to
the slab.
Fig. 6 exhibits a narrow form of slab wherein no holes are formed, these
slabs or plates are to be arranged at such distances apart that the space
between their adjoining edges shall admit of the plaster passing through, and
so form the "key" to support the plaster. The plates or slabs may either be
nailed or screwed to the wood as roofing slates. are now usually secured, or they
may be clamped at their edges by the angle nails, as shewn. A wall or
ceiling thus constructed requires less plaster than when wooden laths are
employed, the surface to be covered being perfectly rigid, more-even, and will,
when finished be more durable, and to a great extent soundproof and fireproof,
we would remark that the slabs or plates of slate, earthenware, or metal may
be perforated with any form of aperture, or may be employed without, as
in Fig. 6.
- Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, we wish it to be distinctly
understood that we claim the novel application, employment, and use of slabs

page_text: or plates of slate in particular, or of metal, earthenware, or other suitable
material, perforated or otherwise, for the, purpose of forming a strong and
durable foundation or groundwork for the plaster used for walls, ceilings, and
for other similar purposes, as herein-before described, set forth, and fully
illustrated in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, we, the said John Nickson and Thomas Waddingham,
junior, have hereunto set our hands' and seals, this Eighteenth day of
February, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight. hundred and
cixty-throo