MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE " FABRICS to be as follows:- OF LAPPET MUSLINS OR SIMILARLY FIGURED
Year: 1884

page_text: DEFICATION,
We, DAVID LIGAT, Junior, and ROBERT Ligat, of the firm of David Ligat and
Son, of Tureen Street Factory, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North Britain,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
"
FABRICS to be as follows:-
OF LAPPET MUSLINS OR SIMILARLY FIGURED
Our said Invention relates to the manufacture of lappet muslins or similarly
figured fabrics. In such fabrics detached spots or figures are produced in the
process of weaving by means of what is known as a lappet frame and suitable
pattern mechanisın; and in such fabrics as hitherto woven the spots or figures are
connected by threads which are floated upon the "right" side of tho fabric (which
sido is the underside whilst the fabric is being woven). After the fabric has been
woven the floating connecting threads are cut off but the cut ends remain
projecting more or less in an objectionable manner; and it is the object of the
present Invention to prevent the appearanco of any such cut ends on the "right"
side of the finished fabric.
"
In carrying out the Invention the floating connecting threads are still produced
on the "right" side of the fabric by the weaving action, but small loops are
additionally formed on the other or wrong" side of the fabric at the two ends of
each connecting floating portion of the thread. Afterwards the loops are cut off,
this cutting being effected on the "wrong" side of the fabric instead of on the
"right" side as heretoforo; and the floating portions are drawn out or removed
from the "right" side, leaving no cut ends on that side, whilst the cut ends on the
other side need not be cut so closely as is done when they are left on the "right"
side.
Any convenient apparatus may be used for forming the loops and will in general
consist of a series of hooks fixed on a bar or frame and moved at the proper periods
so as to engage with the lappet threads and draw them sufficiently over the fell of
the fabric to form loops of sufficient size.

page_text: We, DAVID LIGAT, Junior, and ROBERT LIGAT, of the firm of David Ligat and
Son, of Tureen Street Factory, Glasgow, in the County of Lanark North Britain,
Manufacturers, do bereby declare the nature of our said invention for IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LAPPET MUSLINS OR SIMILARLY FIGURED
"
FABRICS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement that is to say:-
Our said Invention relates to the manufacture of lappet muslins or similarly
figured fabrics. In such fabrics detached spots or figures are produced in the
process of weaving by means of what is known as a lappet frame and suitable
pattern mechanism; and in such fabrics as hitherto woven the. spots or figures are
connected by threads which are floated upon the "right" side of the fabric (which
side is the underside whilst the fabric is being woven). After the fabric has been
woven the floating connecting threads are cut off but the cut ends remain
projecting more or less in an objectionable manner; and it is the object of the
present Invention to prevent the appearance of any such cut ends on the "right"
Bide of the finished fabric.
In carrying out our Invention the floating connecting threads are still produced
on the "right" side of the fabric by the weaving action, but small loops are
additionally formed on the other or "wrong" side of the fabric at the two ends of
each connecting floating portion of the thread. Afterwards the loops are cut off,
this cutting being effected on the "wrong" side of the, fabric instead of on the
right" side as heretofore; and the floating portions are drawn out or removed
from the "right" side, leaving no cut ends on that side; whilst the cut ends on the
other side need not be cut so closely as is done when they are left on the “right”
side.
"
Any convenient apparatus may be used for forming the loops and will in general
consist of a series of hooks fixed on a bar or frame, and moved at the proper
periods so as to engage with the lappet threads and draw them sufficiently over the
fell of the fabric to form loops of sufficient size. And as an example of apparatus
that may be used in carrying out our Invention one convenient arrangement is
shown on the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings, figure 1 being a plan
and figure 2 a vertical section as at right angles to the front of the loom. In these
figures only such portions of the loom are shown, as appear to be required for
explaining the present Invention. The same reference numerals are used to mark
the same or like parts in both figures,
"
The lathe 3. is shown in its back position with the lappet frame 4, and its
needles, 5, in the raised position for forming figure. The usual pins 6, for guiding
the shuttle are also shown raised. A series of hooks 7, for forming loops on the
upper or
wrong side of the fabric are fixed to a horizontal bar 8, which moves
backwards and forwards in guides 9, at the sides of the loom, and is connected by
links 10, to levers 11, on a rocking shaft 12. This rocking shaft 12, has also fast
on it a lever 13, which is acted on by a cam 14, on the low shaft 15, of the loom

page_text: whenever it is pulled down by a spring 16, which is connected to it. It is only at
intervals during the weaving action that the action of the hooks is required, and
between these actions the lever 13 is kept up by a transversely acting catch lever 17,
in the manner made plain by the detached figure at the left hand of figure 2. This
catch lever 17, is at the proper times moved from under the lever 13, by means of
links and levers 18, 19, 20, 21, acted on by the pattern mechanism Whenever the
lover 13, is set free in this way it is drawn down by the spring 16, on the cam 14,
turning so as to allow it to descend, and in consequence the bar 8, with the hooks 7,
is moved backwards and the hooks engage with the figuring threads passing through
the lappet needles 5, and on the return movement of the bar 8, draw loops of those
threads forward over the fell of the cloth for the purpose hereinbefore explained.
The movements of the hook bar 8, are controlled by means of pins fixed into the
bar near its ends and which work in guides formed in the lower parts of the
guides 9, and indicated by dotted lines in figure 1. One pin (at the upper part of
figure 1) moves backwards along an outer groove and then by the action of a spring
which is compressed by the pin at the other end during the backward movement,
the hook bar is made to move across to cause the hooks to engage with the lappet
threads. The first pin returns forwards by an inner groove and another spring
acting on it makes the hook bar move across the reverse way so as to ease the
hooks from loops just formed. The grooved pattern wheel ordinarily used with
lappet looms may be employed in carrying out our Invention and an extra groove
may be formed in it for acting on the lever 21, that is on the parts for bringing
the hooks 7, into action. An extra groove may also be formed on the pattern
wheel for shifting the hooks 7, to suit some arrangements of the spots or figures in
a lappet pattern, the hooks 7, being in that case fixed to a bar which is movable on
the bar acted on as the bar 8, is hereinbefore described to be. Or the shifting of
the hooks in the manner indicated may be obtained by shifting the guides 9, at the
sides of the loom.
In working according to our Invention we find it desirable to form the loops not
at the next rising of the needles before or after the intervals between the spots or
figures, but with one or two weft shots interposed in order to fasten the thread
sufficiently to prevent the loops from being drawn out in the subsequent weaving
action.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
In the manufacture of lappet muslins or similarly figured fabrics, the mode of
completely removing from the right side of the fabric the floating parts connecting
the spots or figures by means of loops formed and cut on the wrong side
substantially as herein before described.
Dated L
"