Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 23rd June, 1894-Accepted, 28th July, 1894
A communication from CARL FOCCROULLE, of Kinkempois-Angleur, near Liége,
Kingdom of Belgium, Mechanical Engineer.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to pulley blocks having 4-cornered (substantially square)
or 3-cornered (substantially triangular) sheaves or sheave-axles, spur-wheels, and
safety-brakes made operative by the load.
The chain-wheel which is operated by an endless hand-chain transmits the rotary
motion to a shaft composed of two parts whereof one is screwed into the other,
each part being provided with a fixed shoulder or collar so that, on screwing the
parts home, a loosely fitting disc or washer becomes firmly fixed on the spindle
between the two parts.
This disc may be formed into a ratchet wheel, with which a pawl engages.
One of the portions (herein for convenience designated the right hand or female
portion) of the shaft or spindle forms one piece with a spur-pinion which gears
with and drives a spur-wheel; the latter, by means of a spur-pinion fixed to the
common spindle of the two, drives a spur-wheel whence the rotary motion is
transmitted to the chain-axle.
The chain-axle is of steel, pressed or rolled in special rolls and for small and
moderate loads is generally made quadrangular and cruciform in shape and for
beavy weights triangular and cruciform. The safety brake action operates
automatically.
When the hand-chain of the chain-wheel is drawn upon in the direction
necessary
to raise the load, the threaded end of its shaft or spindle is screwed
further into the female thread of the other part or end, thereby causing pressure
upon the ratchet-wheel between the above-named shoulders or collars, which
increases rapidly until eventually these three parts act as if they were one.
Further traction on the hand-chain causes the rotation of the ratchet wheel by
the divided shaft and the pawl drops into the gaps between the ratchet-teeth, one
after the other, as long as the movement proceeds, so that as soon as the pull on
the chain ceases, the parts are held fast in the position they have been last caused
to assume.
To lower the weight, all that has to be done is to pull upon the band chain in
the reverse direction. But the pawl prevents the ratchet wheel from rotating
backwards and thus the screwed parts of the axle are forced to unscrew themselves.
This, however, they are only able to do within certain limits, being prevented
therefrom by a pin which goes right through the two parts of the shaft with only
a certain amount of play allowed, both its ends being secured in the outer
circumference of the nnt.

page_text: Consequently the said two parts can only turn slightly in screwing or unscrewing,
in relation to each other; but that little is purposely made just large enough to
include within its limits, on the one hand the complete immobility, on the other,
the complete mobility of the ratchet-wheel.
Thus rotation in the direction of unscrewing the said parts liberates the ratchet-
wheel and this permits the shaft of the driving pinion to rotate freely within the
boss of the ratchet-wheel.
Thereupon, the lowering of the load ensues quite naturally, and continues so
Jong as the pull is maintained on the chain; but, as soon as the hand-chain is
released, the load takes immediate effect on the toothed pinion and causes a
sudden rotation of the nut or female part of the shaft so that this latter is
energetically screwed up against male part of the shaft. This results in the
instantaneous fixture of the ratchet-wheel between the two fixed collars before
referred to, and simultaneously invokes the brake-action, whereof the power is
directly proportioned to the load; so that with a load of, say, 1000 kilogrammes
the brake-power on the disc between the collars is a pressure proportionate to a
power of 1000 kilogs.
The ratchet-wheel is controlled by the before mentioned click or pawl, a play or
clearance of say one millimetre being allowed between the pin and the orifice
bored for it in the male part of the shaft, which suffices to permit the female part
of the shaft to have axial movement extending between and including perfect
freedom and complete immobility for the said disc or ratchet wheel.
It is the last named pin therefore, that enables the thorough realization of the
fixture and release of the ratchet-wheel to be attained and prevents any such
unscrewing or separation of the two parts of the spindle, brought about by either
of the parts, as might adversely affect the working of the shaft or spindle-bearings
or cause a jam against any of the flat surfaces of the cheeks or housing plates and
of the pulley-block.
The question of the employment of a quadrangular or triangular chain-axle
leads to the particular form of chain-axle which is one that is specially
favourable to resistance against torsion. The lift-chain takes a perfect bearing
around the chain-axle and is secured against accidental displacement by suitable
guides.
Dated this 28th day of Anril 1891
A communication from CARL FOCCROULLE, of Kinkempois-Angleur, near Liége,
in the Kingdom of Belgium, Mechanical Engineer.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :—
This invention relates to pulley blocks having 4-cornered (substantially square)
or 3-cornered (substantially triangular) sheaves or sheave-axles, spur-wheels, and
safety-brakes made operative by the load.
The invention will be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawings
in which ;-
Figure 1 is a general view of this pulley-block;
!

page_text: Figure 3 a horizontal section, and
Figures 4, 5 and 6 views hereinafter more particularly referred to.
a are two cheeks united by shouldered bolts or equivalent a' a'. The chain-
wheel which is operated by an endless hand-chain transmits the rotary motion to
a shaft b, composed of two parts whereof one bis screwed into the other b', each
part being provided with a fixed shoulder or collar so that on securing the parts
hune, a loosely fitting disc or washer i becomes firmly fixed on the spindle
between band b'.
This disc i may be formed into a ratchet-wheel, with which a pawl y engages as
shown in Figure 5.
One of the portions (herein for convenience designated the right hand or female
portion) of the shaft or spindle forms one piece with a spur-pinion which
gears with and drives a spur-wheel d; the latter by means of a spur-pinion e fixed
to the common spindle of the two, drives a spur-wheel whence the rotary motion
is transmitted to the chain-axle 9.
The chain-axle is of steel, pressed or rolled in special rolls and for small and
moderate loads is generally made quadrangular and cruciform in shape as shown in
Figure 4, and for heavy weights triangular and cruciform, as in Figure 6.
The safety-brake action operates automatically.
When the hand-chain of the chain-wheel c is drawn upon, in the direction
necessary to raise the load, the threaded end 6 of its shaft or spindle is screwed
further into the female thread of the other part or end 61, thereby causing
pressure upon the ratchet wheel i, between the above-named shoulders or collars,
which increases rapidly until eventually these three parts act as if they were one.
Further traction on the band-chain causes the rotation of the ratchet-wheel i
by the divided shaft bb, and the pawl drops into the gaps between the ratchet
teeth, one after the other as long as the movement proceeds, so that as soon as the
pull on the chain ceases, the parts are held fast in the position they have been last
caused to assume.
To lower the weight all that has to be done is to pull upon the hand-chain in
the reverse direction. But the pawl y prevents the ratchet wheel from rotating
backwards, and thus the screwed parts
and of the axle are forced to unscrew
themselves. This however they are only able to do within certain limits,
being prevented therefrom by a pin which goes right through band with
only a certain amount of play allowed both its ends being secured in the outer
circumference of the nut b¹.
Consequently b¹ can only turn slightly in screwing or unscrewing, in relation
to each other, but that little is purposely made just large enough to include within
its limits on the one hand the complete immobility, on the other, the complete
mobility of the ratchet wheel.
Thus rotation in the direction of unscrewing the said parts liberates the ratchet
wheel, and this permits the shaft of the driving pinion 6" to rotate freely within
the boss of the ratchet wheel.
Thereupon the lowering of the load ensues quite naturally, and continues so
long as the pull is maintained on the chain; but, as soon as the hand-chain is
released, the load takes immediate effect on the toothed pinion and causes a
sudden rotation of the nut or female part so that this latter is energetically
screwed up against the male part of the shaft. This results in the instantaneous
fixture of the ratchet wheel i between the two fixed collars before referred to,
and simultaneously invokes the brake-action, whereof the power is directly
proportioned to the load; so that with a load of say 1000 kilogrammes the brake-
power on the disc between the collars is a pressure proportionate to a power of
1000 kilogrammes.
The ratchet wheel is shown in Figure 5 and is controlled by the before
mentioned click or pawl y, a play or clearance of say one millimetre being allowed
between the pin k and the orifice bored for it in the male part of the shaft which
suffices to permit the female part to have axial movement extending between

page_text: and including perfect freedom and complete immobility for the said disc or ratchet
'wheel i.
It is the last-named pin k therefore that enables the thorough realisation of the
fixture and release of the ratchet wheel i to be attained and prevents any such
unscrewing or separation of the two parts of the spindle brought about by either
of the parts, as might adversely affect the working of the shaft or spindle bearings
or cause a jam against any of the flat surfaces of the cheeks or housing plates of
the pulley-block.
The question of the employment of a quadrangular or triangular chain-axle
leads to the particular form of chain-axle which as shown in Figures 4 and 6 is
one that is specially favourable to resistance against torsion. The lift-chain takes
a perfect bearing around the chain-axle and is secured against accidental
displacement in the manner shown in Figure 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that I am aware of the Specification of Letters
Patent No. 12825 of 1890 granted to Tangyes, Limited, and Richard Chapman,
and I wish it to be understood that I do not claim anything described and claimed
therein; but what I claim is ;-
-
1. Dividing the first-motion shaft of a pulley block in such manner that one
part 6 screws into a second part beach part being provided with a fixed shoulder
or collar between which two collars a ratchet wheel turning loosely on one of
the said parts can be held fast whenever the two axle-parts are screwed together
.and released when those parts are unscrewed while at the same time the screwing
in and out and also the brake-action is automatic and instantaneous and directly
brought about by the action of the load as soon as the traction on the hand-
chain of the chain-wheel ceases while the unscrewing of the parts takes place as
soon as the chain-wheel is caused to rotate in either direction substantially as
.described.
2. In apparatus such as described the combination with a shaft formed in two
parts such as 6' of a stop-pin passing through both parts of the shaft having a
certain amount of clearance or play in the inner part 6 but being on the contrary
fixed in the outer part or vice versa for the purpose of allowing only a very
limited amount of rotary movement of the two parts of the shaft in relation
to each other substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
3. The combination with a shaft formed in two parts such as bb' of a
quadrangular or triangular chain-shaft or pulley connected therewith by spur'
gearing substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 19th day of June 1894.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.