Improved Apparatus for Separating or Disintegrating Fibres in the Manufacture of Paper Pulp.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 21st Jan., 1892-Accepted, 27th Feb., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Separating or Disintegrating Fibres in the
Manufacture of Paper Pulp.
I, Edward PartINGTON, of Turn Lee Paper Works Glossop in the County of
Derby, Paper Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to improvements upon a disintegrating apparatus for
which Letters Patent No. 6993 dated 6th of May 1890 were granted to
Carl Kellner of Vienna, the principal object of the present invention being to
enable the fibre to be used in a more dense or semi-fluid condition than previously,
whereby the fibres are more effectually disintegrated or separated without being too
much broken or shortened and a stronger and better quality of pulp is thereby
produced.
The machine consists as before essentially of an externally toothed roller revolving
inside an internally toothed cylinder which is mounted horizontally or nearly so
upon a suitable framing.
The outer or fixed cylinder is made in sections provided with flanges and is
provided with internal teeth as before.
But according to my invention the internal revolving roller or cylinder is made
of a proportionately smaller diameter than before so that its teeth instead of inter-
locking with those of the outer cylinder do not touch, the distance between their
points being about three quarters of an inch, and the teeth of the internal roller or
cylinder are arranged in a spiral and are double the pitch of those of the external
cylinder.
This spiral arrangement not only assists greatly in the disintegration of the
fibres but also works the mass of fibres along from the entrance towards the exit
aperture.
The exit opening is provided with an elbow pipe capable of being turned upwards
in a more or less vertical position so as to give more or less "head" or pressure in
the interior of the cylinder as may be required by the nature or condition of the
fibres under operation.
Dated this 24th day of April 1891.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Apparatus for Separating or Disintegrating Fibres in the
Manufacture of Paper Pulp.
1, EDWARD PARTINGTON of Turn Lee Paper Works Glossop in the County of
Derby, Paper Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements upon a disintegrating apparatus for
which Letters Patent No. 6993 dated 6th of May 1890 were granted to
Carl Kellner of Vienna, the principal object of the present invention being to
enable the fibre to be used in a more dense or semi-fluid condition than previously,
whereby the fibres are more effectually disintegrated or separated without being
too much broken or shortened and a stronger and better quality of pulp is thereby
produced.

page_text: In order that my invention may be clearly understood I have annexed hereunto
two sheets of drawings illustrative thereof and have marked the same with figures
and letters of reference corresponding with those in the following explanation
thereof, similar letters of reference being placed upon the like parts in all the
figures.
Fig. 1 on Sheet 1 of the drawings is a vertical transverse section of my improved
separator or disintegrator, and Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the
delivery end of the same. Fig. 3 of the drawings is a plan view of the whole
machine.
The machine consists essentially of an externally toothed roller a revolving
inside an internally toothed fixed cylinder 6 which is mounted horizontally or nearly
so upon a suitable framing c.
The outer or fixed cylinder 6 is made in longitudinal sections provided with
flanges d by means of which it is bolted or rivetted together, and is made with rings
of internally projecting teeth e.
The internal or revolving roller or cylinder a is made with externally projecting
teeth and the relative diameters of the two cylinders a and b and the length
of their teeth are so proportioned that their points do not touch each other,
the distance between their points being about three quarters of an inch, or there-
abouts, and the teeth f of the internal revolving roller or cylinder a, instead of
being arranged in rings as are those of the external or fixed cylinder bare arranged
in a spiral form and are double the pitch of those of the said external or fixed
cylinder.
This spiral arrangement not only assists greatly in the disintegration of the fibres,
but also works the mass of fibres along from the feed opening 9 at one end (see
Fig. 3) towards the exit aperture at the other end of the cylinder b.
The exit opening is provided with an elbow pipe i fitted in a stuffing box k (see
Fig. 1) or a screwed socket ¹ (see Fig. 3) or otherwise arranged so as to be capable
of being turned upwards into a more or less vertical position, so as to give more or
less "head or pressure in the interior of the cylinder b as may be required by
the nature or condition of the fibres under operation.
"
The axle a¹ of the internal revolving toothed roller a is supported by suitable
bearings on the frame c and rotary motion at a suitable speed is imparted thereto
by a driving band or strap passing round the driving pulley m with which it is
provided.
The pulp is fed into the machine in a condition such as is obtained by allowing it
to drain free from water and in this semi-dry condition the action of the larger and
spirally arranged teeth on the roller a revolving within the cylinder with its
smaller teeth, is such as to produce a most remarkable and beneficial result, whereas
the fibres are actually rubbed and rolled upon themselves which has the effect of
making them flexible and soft and giving them a cotton like character with greatly
improved felting properties.
The manner in which the machine removes any resinous matter which may exist
in the fibres is of the greatest advantage and the most simple process for eliminating
this deleterious impurity.
I am
aware that various machines other than that previously referred to
have been made for a similar purpose with an externally toothed roller revolving
within an internally toothed cylinder, but these have always hitherto been so.
constructed that the revolving teeth acted in the spaces between the fixed teeth,
and the result has been that a grinding or cutting of the fibres has taken
place and that the pulp has not been sufficiently tenacious and was otherwise
deteriorated in consequence of the extreme shortness to which the fibres had
been reduced.
Now it is one of the most peculiar and important features of this present invention
that the teeth or tines do not interlock or even touch each other, and the result of
this novel arrangement is that the fibres (instead of being cut or ground or other-
wise shortened) are rubbed and rolled together until they are thoroughly cleaned and

page_text: separated without being shortened and the resulting pulp is of a quality and tenacity
far superior to any hitherto produced.
It will be evident that instead of arranging the teeth of the internal roller
spirally thereon, they may be set straight and those of the external cylinder or casing
may be made in the form of ribs set at an angle diagonally and that the same effect
of working the mass of fibres from the inlet to the outlet may be attained by making
the cylinder and the roller conical in form, i.e. less in diameter at the inlet end than
at the outlet end.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In apparatus for separating or disintegrating fibres in the manufacture of paper
pulp, the combination with an internally toothed fixed cylinder of an externally
toothed roller revolving therein, the points of the respective teeth being at a distance
of three quarters of an inch apart or thereabouts and those of the internal revolving
roller or cylinder being preferably arranged in a spiral form and double the pitch or
thereabouts of those of the external fixed cylinder substantially as herein described
and illustrated.
"
2. The combination with the exit aperture of the fixed cylinder of a fibre
separator or disintegrator of an elbow pipe capable of being turned into a more or
less vertical position so as to obtain more or less "head or pressure of the
material in the interior of the apparatus, substantially as hereinbefore described and
illustrated by the drawings annexed.
Dated this 20th January 1892.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicant.