Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 1st May, 1888
Specification Accepted, 29th June, 1888
In order to enable the invention to be fully understood I will describe how it can
be carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawing in which
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a centrifugal apparatus constructed according to
this invention.
.
Figure 2 is a horizontal section on the line x, y of figure 1.
The improved apparatus comprises a drum A and a stand F having a bush D.
The drum A which may be made of two pieces rivetted together as shewn in the
drawing (or of a single piece) is provided at the bottom with a flanged spindle C
which is screwed therein so that the drum is prevented from turning on the spindle.
The flange then bears upon or supports the bottom of the drum and screws's are
passed through the flange into the bottom of the drum to further secure the same
together. A hollow boss or pulley H is placed over or around the flange and is
fastened to the bottom of the drum by screws.
In the neck of the drum a bronze
ring B is placed projecting inwards towards the centre and thereby serving to confine
the cream and only allow it to pass through an opening Z (figure 2); from this
opening extend two vertical cheeks P between which the cream flows upwards and out
at the upper edge of the neck over which it flows at N. The outflow of the cream
can be regulated by inserting in the opening Z a pin T¹ in which is a transverse
passage tapering outwards towards the periphery.
Instead of waking a passage through the pin T as shewn in the drawing a
tapered notch can be formed on the side of the same.
By using pins having notches of varying size the outflow and thereby the quality
of the cream can be regulated. In the drum are placed two loose vanes or wings V
and V each of which are cast in one piece with tubes A, R¹ and A, R" respectively
above and with inlet tubes T, R below; the latter tubes are connected with a vessel S
placed on the bottom of the drum in which vessel the milk to be treated is placed.
The vanes or wings are placed between studs on the side of the drum and are kept in
position only by centrifugal force: As will be seen by reference to Figure 1 only one

page_text: of the upper tubes, namely, that which is fixed on the wing V₁ is open and the
other tube is closed and is only provided for the sake of equilibrium. Through the
tube A R" a hole is made in which a hollow pin T¹ is placed the interior of which
communicates with the interior of the said tube by means of a peripheral hole m thus
forming a communication between the tube and a passage M in the neck of the drum
out of which the milk flows after it has been treated. By using pins T with larger
or smaller openings m the outflow of the milk and thereby the degree of purity of
the cream can be regulated. An india-rubber ring g is placed between the tubes A, R¹,
A R and the side of the drum.
In order to allow the interior of the drum to be cleaned, the vessel S is taken out
after which the wings V¹ V¹¹ can be removed and all the parts can then be properly
cleaned.
The bush D on the stand F is made of hard phosphor-bronze. In the bottom of
the bush is fixed a cast steel screw E the upper end E¹ of which is formed into a
hardened rounded cone; a channel is formed through this screw for the passage of
oil, the channel branching outwards at the top; in the lower part of the screw is fixed
an oil tube J. The screw E" is held in its place by two lock nuts.
A part of the interior of the bush is made somewhat conical as shown in figure 1
and is provided with a left-handed thread or spiral channel; in the middle of the bush
is an opening and the upper part of the interior is cylindrical (but can also be made
conical). When the spindle Crotates it will draw the oil up into the upper oil
holder U from which three vertical channels o conduct the oil down again so that
the oil is caused to constantly flow up and down; fresh oil is supplied through the
tube J, the oil as it is used runs out at a and is collected on the stand F and retained
there by means of a flange F¹.
The bush D is supported on the stand F by its upper part and is only supported at
the sides by the rubber ring G.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The method of mounting the centrifugal drum A in the stand F by means
of a single short spindle working in a loose bush D substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated in figure 1 of the accompanying drawing.
2. The use of a pin T¹ placed in the tube A R to regulate the outflow of the
separated milk the said pin being provided with a peripheral hole m the size of which
may vary substantially as set forth.
3. The employment for the purpose of regulating the outflow opening for the cream
of a pin T, provided with a transverse passage tapering towards the periphery or
with a notch in its side substantially as set forth.
4. Providing an opening Z in the collar of the centrifugal drum so as to form
a passage for the cream in which opening the regulating pin T is placed by means
of which the outflow opening and consequently the quality of the cream can be
regulated substantially as set forth.
5. The use of vanes or wings placed loosely in the centrifugal drum and formed
integral with the tubes conducting the milk from the centre to the sides of the centri-
fugal drum and with the outlet tubes substantially as set forth and illustrated in
figure 1 of the accompanying drawing.