Improvements in Apparatus for Diminishing Friction.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 21st Oct., 1891-Accepted, 24th Dec., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Diminishing Friction.
1 SARAH ANNE WOODHEAD ROBINSON, of 60 Bree Street Capetown, Cape
Colony, Dental Importer & Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to."
be as follows :-
:
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for diminishing friction
and comprises an improved arrangement of anti-friction wheels for supporting
revolving shafts.
In the accompanying drawings,
Fig. 1 is a front elevation and
Fig. 2 a section on the line a Fig. 1, of an arrangement of anti-friction wheels.
according to this invention.
Fig. 3 is a plan shewing a detail of construction hereinafter described.
A A represent side frames or supports. B is the revolving shaft or axle, the
friction of which is to be diminished. C, D, E, F and G, represent anti-friction
wheels which are formed of cast iron or other suitable metal, and of which there
is a series on each side of the apparatus, these anti-friction wheels being
arranged in pairs and supported respectively, as shewn, by the shafts or
axles C, D, E, F, G' formed of wrought iron or other suitable material.
The said anti-friction wheels gradually increase in diameter from the uppermost
to the lowermost of the series. The shaft B and the axles of the several anti-
friction wheels project through a slot or aperture A¹ in each of the side frames A
and are held in their proper position with their axes in the same vertical plane by
means of auxiliary anti-friction wheels H of which there is a pair at each extremity
of the axles of the main anti-friction wheels. These auxiliary anti-friction wheels,
which may be formed of gun metal, are mounted on suitable pins or spindles Hi
supported at one extremity in the frame A, or in a plate attached thereto, and at
their other extremity in the box or bracket I which is also formed preferably of
gun metal and is bolted or otherwise secured to the side frame A (see Fig. 3).
Endwise or longitudinal movement of the axles is prevented by the abutment of
their extremities against the inner faces of the boxes or brackets I, the said
extremities being preferably turned down or more or less tapered or rounded to
diminish the surface in contact with the inner face of the box or casing.
It will be seen that the revolving shaft B rests upon the upper portion of the
periphery of each of the anti-friction wheels C, which are in rolling contact there-
with. The axle C₁ of the pair of wheels C is in turn supported by and in rolling.
contact with the upper portion of the periphery of the wheels D, and so on
successively down the series of anti-friction wheels, the axle of each pair of wheels
resting upon the wheels next below the same, the lowest axle of all being supported
in a stationary gun metal bearing A which may be of the form shewn in
Fig. 2.
The auxiliary anti-friction wheels H moreover support the shafts in
their proper position with very little friction compared with that of a set of
ordinary bearings.
The anti-friction wheels may, if desired, be provided with teeth or cogs
instead of having smooth peripheries, in which case teeth are provided upon
the axles of the said wheels, or upon pinions or bosses fitted thereto or formed
therewith.
The auxiliary anti-friction wheels H may moreover be arranged within the
framing A in any convenient manner, the extremities of the shafts in this case
bearing against suitable abutment pieces fitted, to the inner faces of the side
fromse

page_text: Moreover the number of anti-friction, wheels in each of the series C D E F G
may be increased or diminished as may be found desirable, and the said wheels
may be arranged on their axles in sets of three or more instead of in
pairs as shewn in the drawings without departing from the nature of the said
invention.
In applying my invention to diminish the friction of revolving shafts in cases
where the pressure acts in an upward direction as in a car or vehicle, the
consecutive rollers are arranged in an ascending series above the said axle as in
this instance the thrust of the shafts acts in the opposite direction to that herein.
before described viz. upward instead of downward. The arrangement shewn in
Fig. 2 is therefore inverted or reversed the speed of the revolving shafts gradually.
diminishing from bottom to top.
..
1001
Capetown, February 7th 1891.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for; Diminishing Friction..
I, SARAH ANNE WOODHEAD ROBINSON of 60 Bree Street, Cape Town; Cape
Colony, Dental Importer and Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this inven
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for diminishing- friction-
and comprises an improved arrangement of anti-friction wheels for supporting
revolving shafts.
In the drawings filed with my Provisional Specification,
Fig. 1 is a front elevation and
Fig. 2 a section on the line a Fig. 1, of an arrangement of anti-friction wheels
according to this invention.
Fig. 3 is a plan showing a detail of construction hereinafter described.
A A. represent side frames or supports. B is the revolving shaft or axle, the
friction of which is to be diminished. C, D, E, F and G, represent anti-friction
wheels which are formed of cast iron or other suitable, metal, and of which there.
is a series on each side of the apparatus, these anti-friction wheels being arranged
in pairs and supported respectively, as shown, by the shafts or axles C, D, E, F, G
formed of wrought iron or other suitable material. The said anti-friction wheels
gradually increase in diameter from the uppermost to the lowermost of the series.
The shaft B and the axles of the several anti-friction wheels project through a
slot or aperture A¹ in each of the side frames A and are held in their proper
position with their axes in the same vertical plane by means of auxiliary anti-
friction wheels H of which there is a pair at each extremity of the axles of the
main anti-friction wheels. These auxiliary anti-friction wheels, which may be
formed of gun metal, are mounted on suitable pins or spindles Hsupported at one
extremity in the frame A, or in a plate attached thereto; and at their other
extremity in the box or bracket I which is also formed preferably of gun metal
and is bolted or otherwise secured to the side frame A (see Fig. 3). Endwise or
longitudinal movement of the axles is prevented by the abutment of their extremities
against the inner faces of the boxes or brackets I, the said' extremities being
preferably turned down or more or less tapered or rounded to diminish the surface
in contact with the inner face of the box or casing.
It will be seen that the revolving shaft B rests upon the upper portion of the-
periphery of each of the anti-friction wheels C, which are in rolling contact there-
with. The axle C¹ of the pair of wheels C is in turn supported by and' in-rolling,
contact with the upper portion of the periphery of the wheels D; and so on successively.
down the series of anti-friction wheels, the axle of each pair of wheels resting upon-

page_text: the wheels next below the same, the lowest axle of all being supported in a stationary
gun metal bearing A2 which may be of the form shown in Fig. 2. The auxiliary
anti-friction wheels H moreover support the shafts in their proper position with
very little friction compared with that of a set of ordinary bearings.
The anti-friction wheels may, if desired, be provided with teeth or cogs instead
of having smooth peripheries, in which case teeth are provided upon the axles of
the said wheels, or upon pinions or bosses fitted thereto or formed therewith.
The auxiliary anti-friction wheels H may moreover be arranged within the
framing A in any convenient manner, the extremities of the shafts in this case
bearing against suitable abutment pieces fitted to the inner faces of the side
frames.
.
Moreover the number of anti-friction wheels in each of the series CDEFG
may be increased or diminished as may be found desirable, and the said wheels
may be arranged on their axles in sets of three or more instead of in pairs as
shown in the drawings without departing from the nature of the said invention.
In applying my invention to diminish the friction of revolving shafts in cases
where the pressure acts in an upward direction as in a car or vehicle, the con-
secutive rollers are arranged in an ascending series above the said axle as in this
instance the thrust of the shafts acts in the opposite direction to that hereinbefore
described viz. upward instead of downward. The arrangement shown in Fig. 2 is
therefore inverted or reversed the speed of the revolving shafts gradually
diminishing from bottom to top.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Apparatus for diminishing friction, comprising a number of pairs or sets of anti-
friction wheels of gradually increasing diameter, the axle of each pair or set
rolling in contact with the peripheries of the next larger antifriction wheels and
being held in position laterally by auxiliary anti-friction wheels substantially as
hereinbefore described with reference to the drawings.
בד
1
1001
W. LLOYD WISE,
Per James G. Stokes,
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Agent for the Applicant.