improvements in Fishing Reels.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 27th July, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 24th Aug., 1899-Accepted, 14th July, 1900
improvements in Fishing Reels.
A communication from abroad by DUNCAN MCLOCHLAND QUARLES, of 510, Main
Street, Clarksville, State of Tennessee, United States of America,
Jeweller.
I, JAMES GRIEVE LORRAIN, M.I.E.E., M.I.Mech. E., of Norfolk House, Norfolk
Street, W.C., in the County of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention (as communicated to me from abroad) to
be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in fishing-reels of that class wherein
a line-spool is used in connection with the winding spring, which may be opera-
tively connected at any suitable time with the line-spool to control the rotation
thereof and cause the line to exert resistance to the movement of the fish; and
the primary object of the invention is to provide a simple, strong, and efficient
structure by which a fish may be hooked, played, broken down, and drawn in
automatically through the action of the main-spring on the line-spool and at
the same time continually keep a tight line on the fish.
A further object of the invention is to mount the line-spool in such relation
to the mainspring and the operating-crank that said spool is perfectly poised at
all times to rotate with freedom when unclutched from the train of gearing
controlled by the mainspring and the operating, crank-shaft, thereby making
the reel a perfect bait-casting device in which there is no hindrance, prac-
tically, to the free play of the line as it is uncoiled from the spool.
A further object of the invention is to provide an improved construction of
automatic centrifugal clutch between the mainspring-gearing and the line-spool
arbor in which the elements are simple and efficient and are controlled wholly
by the tension of the main spring.
A further object of the invention is to provide an improved crank-shaft device
which may be quickly and readily released from the line-spool arbor to render
the latter free and unobstructed in its action, but which permits the crank and
its gearing to be operatively connected with the line-spool arbor for rotating the
latter by hand in the same manner and with the same facility as an ordinary
multiplying-reel.
With these ends in view the invention consists in the novel combination
of elements and in the construction and arrangement of parts, which will be here-
inafter fully described and claimed.
To enable others to understand the invention, a preferred embodiment thereof
is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specifica-
tion, and in which-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a fishing-reel constructed in accordance with
my invention.
Figure 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken centrally through the
reel in the direction of the line-spool arbor, the plane of section being indicated
by the dotted line 2-2 of Figure 4.
Figure 3 is a vertical transverse sectional elevation through a part of the
mainspring drum on the plane indicated by the dotted line 3-3 of Figure 2
looking in the direction indicated by the arrow.

page_text: Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view somewhat similar to Figure 3, but taken
on the plane indicated by the dotted line 4 4 of Figure 2 looking in the direction
indicated by the arrow.
Figure 5 is an enlarged detail face view showing the bridge-plate in its
inverted position when detached from the spring-actuated drum and illustrating
the driving member of the clutch between the train of spring-controlled gearing
and the spindle of the line-spool arbor.
Figure 6 is a face view of the driven member of the clutch between the line-
spool arbor and the train of gearing controlled by the mainspring.
Figure 7 is a detail perspective view of the centrally-pivotted clutch-arm.
Figure 8 is a detail perspective view of the manual detent and its spring for
the train of gearing between the mainspring and the line-spool.
Figure 9 is an enlarged detail sectional view through the crank-shaft by
which the line-spool may be actuated by hand.
Figure 10 is a detail sectional view on the plane indicated by the dotted line
10 10 of Figure 2 looking in a direction toward the removable cap-plate of the
reel frame or housing.
Figure 11 is a detail transverse section through the parts shown by Figure 5
on the plane indicated by the dotted line 11 11 of said Figure 5.
Figure 12 is a detail perspective of the detent pawl with which is associated
the spring shown by Fig. 8.
Like numerals of reference denote like and corresponding parts in each of
the several figures of the drawings.
The frame or housing of the improved reel is indicated in its entirety by the
numeral 1, and it consists of the main plate 2, the ring or annulus 3, and the
posts 4.
The ring and main plate are spaced apart a suitable distance to
accomodate between themselves the line-spool, and said ring and plate are
concentric with each other. These parts are joined rigidly and firmly together
by the series of posts 4, and the posts are shouldered, as at 5, and united rigidly
to the main plate 2, while the other ends of the posts are socketed in the ring 3
and firmly secured.thereto by the short screws 6. In the opposing faces of
the main plate 2 and the ring 3 of the reel-housing are formed the concentric
guide recesses or grooves 7, which accomodate the edges of the line-spool heads
or end plates, and said line spool is thus arranged compactly and snugly within
the reel-housing, whereby the line is prevented from catching in the spool
during the rotation thereof to coil or uncoil the line.
The line-spool 8 is cast in a single piece of metal, and it consists of a barrel 9,
the heads or end plates 10, and the sleeve-like hub 11. The heads or end plates
of the line-spool are of dished or flared form to provide recesses in the ends
of the spool, and at one end this spool accomodates the multiplying-gearing
between the crank-shaft and the spool-arbor, thus housing certain of the opera-
ting devices within the spool-line itself and protecting them from injury and
accumulation of dirt. The line-spool arbor 12 passes through the sleeve-hub 11
of the spool 8, and the parts are rigidly joined or secured together. One end
of this arbor 12 is extended beyond the hub of the spool for a suitable distance,
nearly to the main plate 2 of the reel-housing, and at this point the spindle is
reduced to form the shoulder 14 and the extended spindle 13. The spindle 13 is
prolonged considerably beyond the shouldered end 14 of the arbor 12, so as to
extend through a bushing and into the chamber of a spring-actuated drum, as
will presently appear, and this shoulder 14 of the arbor 12 is supported within
the bushing to enable the arbor and spool to rotate freely and operatively within
the housing. The other end of the arbor 12 is extended or prolonged beyond
the hub 11 of the line spool, and its extremity provides a pintle 15, which is
properly fitted in a cap-bearing 18 on the cap-plate 16. This cap-plate is
applied laterally against the outer exposed face of the ring 3, forming a part
of the reel-housing and said cap-plate serves to close the central opening of the
ring, to which it is firmly but detachably secured by the short screws 17. The

page_text: cap-bearing 18 for the pintle 15 of the line-spool arbor is closed at its outer
end, and thereby forms a thrust-bearing for the arbor 12. From the foregoing
description it will be obvious that both ends of the line-spool arbor are sup-
ported in proper bearings on the reel-housing or parts attached thereto, and
said bearings are fashioned to take up the end thrust of the arbor, whereby the
line-spool is perfectly poised within the reel-housing to rotate with extreme
freedom therein.
The bushing heretofore referred to is indicated by the numeral 19, and it
is attached firmly to the main plate 2 of the reel-housing in axial relation to
the line-spool arbor. This bushing extends across the spring-chamber formed
by an annular flange 2ª on the main plate of the reel-housing, and said bushing
in externally threaded for a part of its length for the purpose of screwing it
into a central threaded opening of the main plate 2, thereby firmly attaching the
bushing to the main plate. Through the bushing, extends an axial bore or
passage 21, and at opposite ends of the bushing this bore is enlarged, as at 20.
The bore or passage 21 serves as the journal-bearing for the reduced spindle 13
of the line-spool arbor, and the shoulder 14 of said arbor is arranged to bear
against one end of the bushing, as shown by Fig. 2, thus properly supporting
the arbor for free rotating in the bushing and the shoulder serving to hold
the arbor against endwise movement in one direction in the bushing. The
bushing, at its end opposite to the main plate, is reduced somewhat and made
smooth externally to form a shouldered bearing 22, on which the spring actuated.
drum is loosely fitted for free rotation, and this shouldered bearing of the
bushing passes through the inner member of the spring-actuated drum, so that
its extremity extends into said drum. This extremity of the fixed bushing 19
is reduced and externally threaded to provide a threaded tenon 23, on which
is screwed the fast member of a train of gearing between the line-spool arbor
and the spring-actuated drum, and this fast member of the gearing serves to hold
the spring-actuated drum against endwise displacement on the shouldered bear-
ing 22 of the bushing. The external thread, by which the bushing is made
fast to the main plate 2 of the reel-housing, is indicated by the numeral 24
and, as, before explained, the threaded inner end 24 of the bushing is screwed
into a threaded central opening of the main plate 2. The bushing 19 lies
centrally to the main plate 2 and concentric with the annular flange 2 thereof,
thus providing a spring-chamber on the outer side or face of the main plate.
The outer open side of this annular chamber formed by the main plate and the
Hange is designed to be closed by the rotatable spring-actuated drum 27, which
is applied to said open end of the chamber and is properly fitted to the shoulder
bearing 22 of the fixed bushing.
The mainspring 25 is a powerful helical spring compactly fitted within the
flange 2 of the main plate and coiled around the fixed bushing 19, and the
inner end of this helical mainspring is firmly attached to the bushing in a
suitable way as, for instance, by the screw 26-which passes through an opening
in the spring and is received within a socket of the fixed bushing.
The spring-actuated drum 27, which is operatively fitted to the shouldered
bearing of the bushing and against the annular flange of the main plate.2 in
divided transversely to produce two sections 29 and 30, which are detachably
and rigidly coupled together, as will presently appear, and the disc or plate
of the inner drum section 30 is part that is loosely fitted on the shouldered
bearing 22 of the bushing. This inner member of the spring-actuated drunt
has the outer end of the mainspring fastened thereto by means of a post 28,
which is rigidly secured to said section 30 of the drum and extends inwardly
into the spring-chamber for said outer end of the spring to be secured thereto.
The two sections 29 30 of the spring-actuated drum are closely fitted together
by a lap-joint 31 between the flanges of said sections, and the sections are
united together detachably by the series of posts 32. The two sections of the
drum form within themselves a chamber in which is contained the train of

page_text: gearing and the clutch mechanism by which the mainspring may be operatively
connected with the extended spindle 13 of the line-spool arbor, and to support
the clutch and certain parts of the gearing I employ the bridge-plate 34. This
bridge-plate is struck up of a single piece of metal to form the offset 35 and the
feet 36, and said bridge-plate is arranged to span the inner end of the
spindle 13, forming a part of the arbor 12. The feet 36 of the bridge-plate are
fitted firmly against the inner section 30 of the spring-actuated drum and are
secured firmly thereto by the short screws 37. The offset 35 of the bridge-plate
is formed or provided with a rigid disc bearing 38, which is on the inner side or
face of the offset 35 and is in axial relation to the spindle 13 of the spool-
arbor. In a central opening of the bridge and the disc bearing 38 thereon is
loosely fitted an arbor 39, which is adapted to rotate and to slide freely in the
bridge-plate and the bearing, and this arbor 39 is in axial relation to the line-
spool arbor 12. The inner part of this arbor 39 is contiguous to the extremity
of the spindle 13, which forms a part of the arbor 12 for the line-spool, and
the outer end of said arbor 39 is loosely fitted in an end bearing 57, which is
rigidly secured to the outer section or member 29 of the two-part spring-
actuated drum 27. At one side of the fixed bridge and the arbor 39 and within
the chamber of the spring actuated drum is arranged a spindle 40, the inner end
of which is rigidly fastened to the inner section 30 of said drum.
41 designates the stationary gear, forming a part of the train of gearing
between the spring-actuated drum and the spool-arbor 12. This stationary gear
41 is provided with a central opening, which is interiorly threaded, and is
screwed upon the threaded tenon 23 of the fixed bushing 19, and through said
opening of the stationary gear 41 passes the extremity of the spindle 13. A
compound gear 42 43 is constructed with a tubular shaft 42ª one member, 42,
of the compound gear being rigid with one end of the tubular shaft, while the
other member, 43, is held by friction devices on said tubular shaft. The
tubular shaft is fitted loosely on the fixed spindle 40, and its small gear
member 42 meshes with the stationary gear 41, while the large gear member 43
meshes with a gear-pinion 44ª, which is rigidly secured or attached to the slid-
able arbor 39. Between the inner end of the arbor 39 and the extremity of
the spindle 13, forming a part of the line-spool arbor, is arranged an automatic
centrifugal clutch, consisting of the members 44 and 45. The driven clutch
member 45 is rigidly attached to the extremity of the spindle 13, while the
driving clutch member 44 is mounted on the inner end of the arbor 39 for
centrifugal play or movement thereon within certain limits. The driving clutch
member 44 is in the form of a plate which is fitted loosely between the disc
bearing 38 and a clutch-arm 46, which is rigidly fastened to the arbor 39, to
extend rigidly therefrom and terminate within the edge of the disc bearing 38.
This driving clutch member is fitted loosely on the clutch-arm 46
by having its pin 48 fit loosely in an aperture 47 of the clutch
arm 46, and said clutch member 44 is held in position between the arm 46 and
the disc bearing by a spring 49, which is coiled around the arbor 39 to have
one end thereof bear against the offset 35 of the bridge-plate, and its other
end is seated against the gear-pinion 44 on the arbor 39, whereby the spring
normally impels the arbor endwise to draw the arm 46 toward the bearing 38
and confine the driving clutch member 44 loosely in place between the
arm 46 and said disc bearing 38. This loosely-mounted clutch member 44, which
is controlled by centrifugal force under the influence of the mainspring, is adapted
to have one end thereof projected outwardly beyond the edge of the disc bear-
ing 38, and this outward movement of the loose clutch member 44 is limited by
a recessed part 51 coming in contact with the arbor 39. The inward move-
ment of the centrally-pivoted driving clutch member 44 is arrested at a point
within the limit of the edge of the disc bearing 38 by a stop-pin 50, which is
rigidly attached to the clutch member 44 in a position to abut against one edge
of the radial clutch-arm 46; but this stop-pin does not interfere with the
$
1.

page_text: outward movement of the clutch member under centrifugal force, due to the
rapid rotation of the spring-actuated drum controlled by the mainspring.
The driven clutch member 45 is in the form of a disc, which is rigidly attached
to the extremity of the spindle 13, and this disc 45 is fitted snugly in a recess 52,
formed in the exposed face of the stationary gear 41 of the train of gearing.
The driven clutch member is thus made fast with the line-spool arbor, and it is
in compact relation to the driving clutch member 44 and the gear 41. Said
driving clutch member 45 is provided with a series of outwardly-extending pins
or studs 53, which project beyond the edge of the disc bearing 38 on the fixed
bridge, and said driven clutch member is thus arranged to rotate freely with
the line-spool and its arbor when the driving clutch member 44 lies within
the edge of the disc bearing 38. The clutch member 44 is, however, adapted
to be thrown radially to a position where its protruding end will engage with
one or the other the pins or studs 53 on the driven member 45, and thus the
two clutch members may be operatively connected together for the purpose of
placing the arbor 12 and the line-spool under the influence of the mainspring,
which acts through the drum 27 and the train of gearing on the spindle 13
of the line-spool arbor 12.
The tabular shaft 42, carrying the members of the compound gear, fits idly
on the spindle 40, and one gear member 43 is held under tension of a spring
brake-disc 54, which is struck up from a single piece of metal in concavo-convex
form. This gear member 43 is fitted loosely on a shouldered end 43 of the
tubular shaft 42ª, and the tension-disc 54 is fixed rigidly to the extended
threaded end 43 of said shaft 422, said dise having its edge fitted in a facial
recess 55 of the gear 43. This friction spring-disc serves as a friction-brake to
the idler-gear to prevent stripping of the gear-teeth under certain conditions
of rigid resistance in the service of the reel.
58 designates a controlling-detent which is adapted to be operatively engaged
with the member 43 of the compound gear between the fixed gear 41 and the
rotary gear 44 on the arbor 39. This controlling-detent consists of a pawl
which is fast to a shaft 59, mounted in the sections 29 and 30 of the spring-
actuated drum, and with this detent-pawl is operatively connected a leaf-
spring 60, situated within the spring-actuated drum and having one end rigidly
fastened to the peripheral flange of one section of said drum. The free end of
this spring is forked or bifurcated to provide two arms 63 and 64 and one
arm, 64, is bent to overhang the pivoted pawl 58, while the other, 63, is bent
under the pivotal shaft of the pawl and engages with the opposite side of said
pawl. The arm 63 is stronger than the arm 64, and to the spring 60 is
attached a push-pin 65, which is adapted to play in an opening in the annular
flange of the drum member 29. As this detent-pawl is carried by the rotatable
spring-actuated drum, the push-pin may be forced inwardly for the pawl to
he pressed against the tension of its holding spring 60, thereby causing the pawl
to engage with the gear member 43 and hold the barrel against rotation on the
reel-housing when the mainspring is wound up. After the mainspring has
been placed under tension the drum may be allowed to rotate backwardly a
few turns, and when the operator presses inwardly on the push-pin the detent-
pawl engages with the gear 43 to hold the drum fast; and simultaneously with
this operation the loose centrally-pivoted clutch member 44 will be thrown
outwardly beyond the edge of the disc bearing 38, thereby moving it to a
position to engage with one or the other of the pins on the driven clutch
member 45. The mainspring is thus connected through the drum, the gearing,
and the clutch with the line-spool. Now, if a pull or jerk is exerted on the
line in one direction-as, for instance, by the struggle of a fish in an effort to
free itself from the hook-motion will be imparted through the spool, its arbor,
and the train of gears to the pinion 43, and the pawl will be released from said
gear 43, so that the full force of the mainspring will be thrown on the line-spool.
I have also equipped my reel with a crank-shaft and multiplying-gear by

page_text: A
A
gear-
which the line-spool may be rotated, and to properly support the crank-shaft
I provide a fixed tubular bearing 70 on the cap-plate 16, the inner end of said
bearing 70 being extended through the plate 16 to form a shoulder 71.
crank shaft 72 is fitted loosely in this tubular bearing 70 to rotate freely therein
and to move endwise for the purpose of throwing the shaft into and out of gear
with the line-spool arbor, and to the outer end of this shaft 72 is fitted a crank-
arm 73, having a handle 74, which is slipped over the end of the shaft and is
held in place by a screw 75, which enters a socket in the extremity of the shaft
and has its head arranged to bear against the crank-arm.
wheel 76 is fitted loosely on the shoulder 71 of the tubular bearing on the inside
of the reel-housing, and this gear-wheel is provided with a series of clutch-
pins, which are arranged parallel to the axis of the shaft and extend in
circular series around the same. The gear-wheel 76 is supported on the bear-
ings 70 independent of the shaft 72, which is adapted to slide loosely through
said gear-wheel, and the inner end of this shaft is provided with a transverse
clutch-pin 78, which extends in opposite directions beyond the shaft and is
adapted to engage with any two of the clutch-pins 77 on diametrically opposite
sides of the shaft. The shaft 72 may be forced inwardly through the tubular
bearing 70 for the radial clutch-pin 78 to clear the extremities of the clutch-
pins 77, thus freeing the shaft and its pin 78 from the gear 76 or its pins 77,
but when the shaft is drawn outwardly the clutch-pin 78 thereon is adapted
to engage with two of the clutch-pins on the gear 76 thus making the gear fast
with the shaft and causing the shaft and gear to rotate together. This gear 76
is in mesh with a gear-pinion 79, which is secured rigidly to the pintle 15 of
the line-spool arbor, and when the crank-shaft is clutched to the gear 76 the
rotary motion of the shaft will be communicated to the line-spool arbor to
rotate the line-spool. It is evident that the crank shaft may be unclutched
from the gear 76, and thus the line-spool may rotate freely without hindrance
from the crank-shaft. To the inner face of the cap-plate 16 is rigidly secured
irregular leaf-spring 80,
fastened at one end
means of a screw 81, and the free end of this pressure-spring 80
is forked or slotted, as at 82, for operatively connecting the spring
to the crank-shaft, SO that the latter may rotate freely without hin-
drance from the spring, which normally exerts its tension to hold the shaft
in a position where its radial clutch-pin 78 will engage with the pins on the
gear 76. This pressure of the spring 80 is restrained by the action of a locking
device which may fit in either of the grooves 83, 84, which are provided circum-
ferentially on the crank-shaft 72 at suitable points from each other. In either
of these grooves is adapted to fit a locking-pin 85, which passes through a suit-
able opening in the tubular fixed bearing 70, and this locking-pin is carried
by a spring-arm 86, the heel of which is fastened to the cap-plate 16 by means
of a screw 87. This locking-spring 86 is readily accessible from the outside of
the reel-housing for the purpose of retracting the pin 85 from one of the grooves,
and thus the shaft may be forced outwardly by the pressure of its spring 80
or it may be pushed inwardly by hand, the locking device serving to hold the
shaft in either of its positions.
an
which
by
The drag for checking the rotation of the line-spool is in the form of a leaf-
spring 88 (see Fig. 10). One end of this spring is arranged to engage with one
member of the multiplying-gear between the crank-shaft and the line-spool
arbor, preferably the gear-pinion 79. This drag-spring is attached to the
carrying-block 89, which is supported on the cap-plate 16 by an adjusting
screw 90, the headed and notched end of which is accessible from the outside
of the reel-housing.
As is usual in the art, a saddle-plate 91 is secured rigidly to two of the con-
necting-posts 4, between the main plate and the ring 3 of the reel-housing, and
this saddle-plate provides means by which the reel may be attached to the poie.
The improved fishing-reel has all of its operating parts supporting on a simple

page_text: and strong construction of housing, and the line-spool is poised within the reel
so as to rotate with great freedom therein, thus making the reel well adapted
as a bait-casting device. The detent-pawl and the crank-shaft may be adjusted
to free the mainspring and the multiplying-gearing from the line-spool, thus
contributing to the freedom of rotation of said line-spool. By
placing the mainspring under tension, which is effected readily by rotating
the drum, which is loosely coupled to the main plate of the housing, and adjust-
ing the controlling-detent 58, the drum may be held from rotation; but by
permitting the drum to rotate backwardly a few turns the full force of the
mainspring may be exerted on the line-spool when strain is exerted on the line
sufficiently to uncouple the gear 43 from the detent-pawl. The reel is thus well
adapted for automatic operation according to the strain which may be exerted
on the line-spool by the efforts of the fish hooked to the end of the line.
It will be observed that the improved reel combines in a simple structure the
desired features of an automatic tension device and a means by which the
line-spool may be controlled by hand, and all the working parts or devices of the
structure are housed or arranged compactly with relation to the line-spool.
It will be understood that the rotatable drum carries with it the train of
gearing, except the gear which is fixed to the bushing, and that said drum
is controlled by the mainspring, which is housed within a stationary part of
the reel-frame or housing. The gearing serves to multiply the number of rota-
tions of the line-spool, and the spring offers resistance to the pull on the line
against the movements of the fish, so as to keep at all times the necessary taut-
ness, and thus obviate slackening and entanglement of the line. The compound
gear has its member 43 pressed against the shouldered end of the tubular shaft
by the friction spring plate with sufficient force to insure rotation of the
gear 43 with the shaft and the gear member 42 to insure rotation of the
gears 42 43 with said shaft; but in the event of rigid resistance to the rotation
of the gears 42 and 43 the friction-disc yields sufficiently for the gear 43 to slip
on the shaft 42, and thus obviate stripping of the gear-teeth.
Slight changes may be made in the form of some of the parts while their
essential features are retained and the spirit of the invention embodied. Hence
I do not desire to be limited to the precise form of all the parts as shown, re-
serving the right to vary therefrom.
Dated this 27th day of July 1899.
J. G. LORRAIN,
Communicatee.
A communication from abroad by DUNCAN MCLOCHLAND QUARLES, Junior, of 510,
Main Street, Clarksville, State of Tennesse, United States of America,
Jeweller.
I, JAMES GRIEVE LORRAIN, M.I.E.E., M.I.Mech. E., of Norfolk House, Norfolk
Street, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention (as communicated to me from abroad) and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement;-
My invention relates to improvements in fishing-reels of that class wherein
a line-spool is used in connection with the winding spring, which may be opera-
tively connected at any suitable time with the line-spool to control the rotation
thereof and cause the line to exert resistance to the movement of the fish; and
the primary object of the invention is to provide a simple, strong, and efficient
structure by which a fish may be hooked, played, broken down, and drawn in
automatically through the action of the main-spring on the line-spool and at
the same time continually keep a tight line on the fish.

page_text: A further object of the invention is to mount the line-spool in such relation
to the main-spring and the operating-crank that said spool is perfectly poised at
all times to rotate with freedom when unclutched froni the train of gearing
controlled by the mainspring and the operating crank-shaft, thereby making
the reel a perfect bait-casting device in which there is no hindrance, prac-
tically, to the free play of the line as it is uncoiled from the spool.
A further object of the invention is to provide an improved construction of
automatic centrifugal clutch between the mainspring-gearing and the line-spool
arbor in which the elements are simple and efficient and are controlled wholly
by the tension of the main spring.
A further object of the invention is to provide an improved crank-shaft device
which may be quickly and readily released from the line-spool arbor to render
the latter free and unobstructed in its action, but which permits the crank and
its gearing to be operatively connected with the line-spool arbor for rotating the
latter by hand in the same manner and with the same facility as an ordinary
multiplying-reel.
With these ends in view the invention consists in the novel combination
of elements and in the construction and arrangement of parts, which will be here-
inafter fully described and claimed.
To enable others to understand the invention, a preferred embodiment thereof
is illustrated by the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specifica-
tion, and in which-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a fishing-reel constructed in accordance with
my invention.
Figure 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view taken centrally through the
reel in the direction of the line-spool arbor, the plane of section being indicated
by the dotted line 22 of Fig. 4.
Figure 3 is a vertical transverse sectional elevation through a part of the
mainspring drum on the plane indicated by the dotted line 33 of Fig. 2
looking in the direction indicated by the arrow.
Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view somewhat similar to Fig. 3, but taken
on the plane indicated by the dotted line 4 4 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction
indicated by the arrow.
Figure 5 is an enlarged detail face view showing the bridge-plate in its
inverted position when detached from the spring-actuated drum and illustrating
the driving member of the clutch between the train of spring-controlled gearing
and the spindle of the line-spool arbor.
Figure 6 is a face view of the driven member of the clutch between the line-
spool arbor and the train of gearing controlled by the mainspring.
Figure 7 is a detail perspective view of the centrally-pivoted clutch-arm.
Figure 8 is a detail perspective view of the manual detent and its spring for
the train of gearing between the mainspring and the line-spool.
Figure 9 is an enlarged detail sectional view through the crank-shaft by
which the line-spool may be actuated by hand.
Figure 10 is a detail sectional view on the plane indicated by the dotted line
10 10 of Fig. 2 looking in a direction toward the removable cap-plate of the
reel frame or housing.
Figure 1 is a detail transverse section through the parts shown by Fig. 5
on the plane indicated by the dotted line 11 11 of said Fig. 5.
Figure 12 is a detail perspective of the detent pawl with which is associated
the spring shown by Fig. 8.
Like numerals of reference denote like and corresponding parts in each of
the several figures of the drawings.
The frame or housing of the improved reel is indicated in its entirety by the
numeral 1, and it consists of the main plate 2, the ring or annulus 3, and the
posts 4. The ring and main plate are spaced apart a suitable distance to
accommodate between themselves the line-spool, and said ring and plate are

page_text: concentric with each other. These parts are joined rigidly and firmly together
by the series of posts 4, and the posts are shouldered, as at 5, and united rigidly
to the main plate 2, while the other ends of the posts are socketed in the ring 3
and firmly secured thereto by the short screws 6. In the opposing faces of
the main plate 2 and the ring 3 of the reel-housing are formed the concentric
guide recesses or grooves 7, which accommodate the edges of the line-spool heads
or end plates, and said line spool is thus arranged compactly and snugly within
the reel-housing, whereby the line is prevented from catching in the spool
during the rotation thereof to coil or uncoil the line.
The line-spool 8 is cast in a single piece of metal, and it consists of a barrel 9,
the heads or end plates 10, and the sleeve-like hub 11. The heads or end plates
of the line-spool are of dished or flared form to provide recesses in the ends
of the spool, and at one end this spool accommodates the multiplying-gearing
between the crank-shaft and the spool-arbor, thus housing certain of the operat-
ing devices within the line-spool itself and protecting them from injury and
accumulations of dirt. The line-spool arbor 12 passes through the sleeve-lub 11
of the spool 8, and the parts are rigidly joined or secured together. One end
of this arbor 12 is extended beyond the hub of the spool for a suitable distance,
nearly to the main plate 2 of the reel-housing, and at this point the spindle is
reduced to form the shoulder 14 and the extended spindle 13. The spindle 13 is
prolonged considerably beyond the shouldered end 14 of the arbor 12, so as to
extend through a bushing and into the chamber of a spring-actuated drum, as
will presently appear, and this shoulder 14 of the arbor 12 is supported within
the bushing to enable the arbor and spool to rotate freely and operatively within
the housing. The other end of the arbor 12 is extended or prolonged beyond
the hub 11 of the line spool, and its extremity provides a pintle 15, which is
properly fitted in a cap-bearing 18 on the cap-plate 16. This rap-plate is
applied laterally against the outer exposed face of the ring 3, forming a part
of the reel-housing and said cap-plate serves to close the central opening of the
ring, to which it is firmly but detachably secured by the short screws 17. The
cap-bearing 18 for the pintle 15 of the line-spool arbor is closed at its outer
end, and thereby forms a thrust-bearing for the arbor 12. From the foregoing
description it will be obvious that both ends of the line-spool arbor are sup-
ported in proper bearings on the reel-housing or parts attached thereto, and
said bearings are fashioned to take up the end thrust of the arbor, whereby the
line-spool is perfectly poised within the reel-housing to rotate with extreme
freedom therein.
The bushing heretofore referred to is indicated by the numeral 19, and it
is attached firmly to the main plate 2 of the reel-housing in axial relation to
the line-spool arbor. This bushing extends across the spring-chamber formed
by an annular flange 2ª on the main plate of the reel-housing, and said bushing
is externally threaded for a part of its length for the purpose of screwing it.
into a central threaded opening of the main plate 2, thereby firmly attaching the
bushing to the main plate. Through the bushing extends an axial bore or
passage 21, and at opposite ends of the bushing this bore is enlarged, as at 20.
The bore or passage 21 serves as the journal-bearing for the reduced spindle 13
of the line-spool arbor, and the shoulder 14 of said arbor is arranged to bear
against one end of the bushing, as shown by Fig. 2, thus properly supporting
the arbor for free rotation in the bushing and the shoulder serving to hold
the arbor against endwise movement in one direction in the bushing. The
bushing, at its end opposite to the main plate, is reduced somewhat and made
smooth externally to form a shouldered bearing 22, on which the spring actuated
drum is loosely fitted for free rotation, and this shouldered bearing of the
bushing passes through the inner member of the spring-actuated drum, so that
its extremity extends into said drum. This extremity of the fixed bushing 19
is reduced and externally threaded to provide a threaded tenon 23, on which
is screwed the fast member of a train of gearing between the line-spool arbor
-

page_text: and the spring-actuated drum, and this fast member of the gearing serves to hold
the spring-actuated drum against endwise displacement on the shouldered bear-
ing 22 of the bushing. The external thread, by which the bushing is made
fast to the main plate 2 of the reel-housing, is indicated by the numeral 24
and, as before explained, the threaded inner end 24 of the bushing is screwed
into a threaded central opening of the main plate 2. The bushing 19 lies
centrally to the main plate 2 and concentric with the annular flange 2 thereof,
thus providing a spring-chamber on the outer side or face of the main plate.
The outer open side of this annular chamber formed by the main plate and its
flange is designed to be closed by the rotatable spring-actuated drum 27, which
is applied to said open end of the chamber and is properly fitted to the shoulder
bearing 22 of the fixed bushing.
The mainspring 25 is a powerful helical spring compactly fitted within the
flange 2 of the main plate and coiled around the fixed bushing 19, and the
inner end of this helical mainspring is firmly attached to the bushing in a
suitable way as for instance, by the screw 26--which passes through an opening
in the spring and is received within a socket of the fixed bushing.
The spring-actuated drum 27, which is operatively fitted to the shouldered
bearing of the bushing and against the annular flange of the main plate 2, is
divided transversely to produce two sections 29 and 30, which are detachably
and rigidly coupled together, as will presently appear, and the disc or plate
of the inner drum section 30 is the part that is loosely fitted on the shouldered
bearing 22 of the bushing. This inner member of the spring-actuated drum
has the outer end of the mainspring fastened thereto by means of a post 28,
which is rigidly secured to said section 30 of the drum and extends inwardly
into the spring-chamber for said outer end of the spring to be secured thereto.
The two sections 29 30 of the spring-actuated drum are closely fitted together
by a lap-joint 31 between the flanges of said sections, and the sections are
united together detachably by the series of posts 32. The two sections of the
drum form within themselves a chamber in which is contained the train of
gearing and the clutch mechanism by which the mainspring may be operatively
connected with the extended spindle 13 of the lime-spool arbor, and to support
the clutch and certain parts of the gearing I employ the bridge-plate 34. This
bridge-plate is struck up of a single piece of metal to form the offset 35 and the
feet 36, and said bridge-plate is arranged to span the inner end of the
spindle 13, forming a part of the arbor 12. The feet 36 of the bridge-plate are
fitted firmly against the inner section 30 of the spring-actuated drum and are
secured firmly thereto by the short screws 37. The offset 35 of the bridge-plate
is formed or provided with a rigid disc bearing 38, which is on the inner side or
face of the offset 35 and is in axial relation to the spindle 13 of the spool-
arbor. In a central opening of the bridge and the disc bearing 38 thereon is
loosely fitted an arbor 39, which is adapted to rotate and to slide freely in the
bridge-plate and the bearing, and this arbor 39 is in axial relation to the line-
spool arbor 12. The inner part of this arbor 39 is contiguous to the extremity
of the spindle 13, which forms a part of the arbor 12 for the line-spool, and
the outer end of said arbor 39 is loosely fitted in an end bearing 57, which is
rigidly secured to the outer section or member 29 of the two-part spring-
actuated drum 27. At one side of the fixed bridge and the arbor 39 and within
the chamber of the spring actuated drum is arranged a spindle 40, the inner end
of which is rigidly fastened to the inner section 30' of said drum.
41 designates the stationary gear, forming a part of the train of gearing
between the spring-actuated drum and the spool-arbor 12. This stationary gear
41 is provided with a central opening, which is interiorly threaded, and is
screwed upon the threaded tenon 23 of the fixed bushing 19, and through said
opening of the stationary gear 41 passes the extremity of the spindle 13. A
compound gear 42 43 is constructed with a tubular shaft 42ª one member, 42,
of the compound gear being rigid with one end of the tubular shaft, while the

page_text: other member, 43, is held by friction devices on said tubular shaft. The
tubular shaft is fitted loosely on the fixed spindle 40, and its small gear
member 42 meshes with the stationary gear 41, while the large gear member 43
meshes with a gear-pinion 44, which is rigidly secured or attached to the slid-
able arbor 39. Between the inner end of the arbor 39 and the extremity of
the spindle 13, forming a part of the line-spool arbor, is arranged an automatic
centrifugal clutch, consisting of the members 44 and 45. The driven clutch
member 45 is rigidly attached to the extremity of the spindle 13, while the
driving clutch member 44 is mounted on the inner end of the arbor 39 for
centrifugal play or movement thereon within certain limits. The driving clutch
member 44 is in the form of a plate which is fitted loosely between the disc
bearing 38 and a clutch-arm 46, which is rigidly fastened to the arbor 39, to
extend rigidly therefrom and terminate within the edge of the disc bearing 38.
This driving clutch member is fitted loosely on the clutch arm 46 by having
its pin 48 fit loosely in an aperture 47 of the clutch arm 46, and
said clutch member 44 is held in position between the arm 46 and
the disc bearing by a spring 49, which is coiled around the arbor 39 to have
one end thereof bear against the offset 35 of the bridge-plate, and its other
end is seated against the gear-pinion 44* on the arbor 39, whereby the spring
normally impels the arbor endwise to draw the arm 46 toward the bearing 38
and confine the driving clutch member 44 loosely in place between the
arm 46 and said disc bearing 38. This loosely-mounted clutch member 44, which
is controlled by centrifugal force under the influence of the mainspring, is adapted
to have one end thereof projected outwardly beyond the edge of the disc bear-
ing 38, and this outward movement of the loose clutch member 44 is limited by
a recessed part 51 coming in contact with the arbor 39. The inward move-
ment of the centrally-pivoted driving clutch member 44 is arrested at a point
within the limit of the edge of the disc bearing 38 by a stop-pin 50, which is
rigidly attached to the clutch member 44 in a position to abut against one edge
of the radial clutch-arm 46; but this stop-pin does not interfere with the
outward movement of the clutch member under centrifugal force, due to the
rapid rotation of the spring-actuated drum controlled by the mainspring.
The driven clutch member 45 is in the form of a disc, which is rigidly attached
to the extremity of the spindle 13, and this disc 45 is fitted snugly in a recess 52,
formed in the exposed face of the stationary gear 41 of the train of gearing.
The driven clutch member is thus made fast with the line-spool arbor, and it is
in compact relation to the driving clutch member 44 and the gear 41. Said
driven clutch member 45 is provided with a series of outwardly-extending pins
or studs 53, which project beyond the edge of the disc bearing 38 on the fixed
bridge, and said driven clutch member is thus arranged to rotate freely with
the line-spool and its arbor when the driving clutch member 44 lies within
the edge of the disc bearing 38. The clutch member 44 is, however, adapted
to be thrown radially to a position where its protruding end will engage with
one or the other of the pins or studs 53 on the driven member 45, and thus the
two clutch members may be operatively connected together for the purpose of
placing the arbor 12 and the fine spool under the influence of the mainspring,
which acts through the drum 27 and the train of gearing on the spindle 13
of the line-spool arbor 12.
The tubular shaft. 42ª, carrying the members of the compound gear, fits idly
on the spindle 40, and one gear member 43 is held under tension of a spring
brake-dise 54, which is struck up from a single piece of metal in concavo-convex
form. This gear member 43 is fitted loosely on a shouldered end 4:3 of the
tubular shaft 42", and the tension-disc 54 is fixed rigidly to the extended
threaded end 43 of said shaft 42", said disc having its edge fitted in a facial
recess.55 of the gear 43. This friction spring-disc serves as a friction-brake to
the idler-gear to prevent stripping of the gear-teeth under certain conditions
of rigid resistance in the service of the reel.

page_text: 58 designates a controlling-detent which is adapted to be operatively engaged
with the member 43 of the compound gear between the fixed gear 41 and the
rotary gear 44" on the arbor 39. This controlling-detent consists of a pawl
which is fast to a shaft 59, mounted in the sections 29 and 30 of the spring-
actuated drum, and with this detent-pawl is operatively connected a leaf-
spring 60, situated within the spring-actuated drum and having one end rigidly
fastened to the peripheral flange of one section of said drum. The free end of
this spring is forked or bifurcated to provide two arms 63 and 64, and one
arm, 64, is bent to overhang the pivoted pawl 58, while the other, 63, is bent
under the pivotal shaft of the pawl and engages with the opposite side of said
pawl. The arm 63 is stronger than the arm 64, and to the spring 60 is
attached a push-pin 65, which is adapted to play in an opening in the annular
flange of the drum member 29. As this detent-pawl is carried by the rotatable
spring-actuated drum, the push-pin may be forced inwardly for the pawl to
be pressed against the tension of its holding spring 60, thereby causing the pawl to
engage with the gear member 43 and hold the barrel against rotation on the
reel-housing when the mainspring is wound up. After the mainspring has
been placed under tension the drum may be allowed to rotate backwardly a
few turns, and when the operator
pawl engages with the gear 43 to posses inwardly on the push-pin tlie detent-
the drum fast; and simultaneously with
this operation the loose centrally-pivoted clutch member 44 will be thrown
outwardly beyond the edge of the disc bearing 38, thereby moving it to a
position to engage with one or the other of the pins on the driven clutch
member 45. The mainspring is thus connected through the drum, the gearing,
and the clutch with the line-spool. Now, if a pull or jerk is exerted on the
line in one direction-as, for instance, by the struggle of a fish in an effort to
free itself from the hook-motion will be imparted through the spool its arbor,
and the train of gears to the pinion 43, and the pawl will be released from said
gear 43, so that the full force of the mainspring will be thrown on the line-spool.
I have also equipped my reel with a crank-shaft and multiplying-gear by
which the line-spool may be rotated, and to properly support the crank-shaft
we provide a fixed tubular bearing 70 on the cap-plate 16, the inner end of said
bearing 70 being extended through the plate 16 to form a shoulder 71. A
crank shaft 72 is fitted loosely in this tubular bearing 70 to rotate freely therein
and to move endwise for the purpose of throwing the shaft into and out of gear
with the line-spool arbor, and to the outer end of this shaft 72 is fitted a crank-
arm 73, having a handle 74, which is slipped over the end of the shaft and is
held in place by a screw 75, which enters a socket in the extremity of the shaft
and has its head arranged to bear against the crank-arm. A gear-
wheel 76 is fitted loosely on the shoulder 71 of the tubular bearing on the inside
of the reel-housing, and this gear-wheel is provided with a series of clutch-
pins 77, which are arranged parallel to the axis of the shaft and extend in
circular series around the same. The gear-wheel 76 is supported on the bear-
ings 70 independent of the shaft 72, which is adapted to slide loosely through
said gear-wheel, and the inner end of this shaft is provided with a transverse
clutch-pin 78, which extends in opposite directions beyond the shaft and is
adapted to engage with any two of the clutch-pins 77 on diametrically opposite
sides of the shaft. The shaft. 72 may be forced inwardly through the tubular
bearing 70 for the radial clutch-pin 78 to clear the extremities of the clutch-
pins 77, thus freeing the shaft and its pin 78 from the gear 78 or its pins 77,
but when the shaft is drawn outwardly the clutch pin 78 thereon is adaptel
to engage with two of the clutch-pins on the gear 76, thus making the gear fast
with the shaft and causing the shaft and gear to rotate together. This gear 76
is in mesh with a gear-pinion 79, which is secured rigidly to the pintle 15 of
the line-spool arbor, and when the crank-shaft is clutched to the gear 76 the
rotary motion of the shaft will be communicated to the line-spool arbor to
rotate the line-spool. It is evident that the crank shaft may be unclutched

page_text: from the gear 76, and thus the line-spool may rotate freely without hindrance
from the crank-shaft. To the inner face of the cap-plate 16 is rigidly secured
an irregular leaf-spring 80, which is fastened at one end
means
by
of a screw S1, and the free end of this pressure-spring 80
is forked or slotted, as at 82, for operatively connecting the spring
to the crank-shaft, so that the latter may rotate freely without hin-
drance from the spring, which normally exerts its tension to hold the shaft
in a position where its radial clutch-pin 78 will engage with the pins on the
gear 76. This pressure of the spring 80 is restrained by the action of a locking
device which may fit in either of the grooves 83 84, which are provided circum-
ferentially on the crank-shaft 72 at suitable points from each other. In either
of these grooves is adapted to fit a locking-pin 85, which passes through a suit-
able opening in the tubular fixed bearing 70, and this locking-pin is carried
by a spring-arm 86, the heel of which is fastened to the cap-plate 16 by means
of a screw 87. This locking-spring 86 is readily accessible from the outside of
the reel-housing for the purpose of retracting the pin 85 from one of the grooves,
and thus the shaft may be forced outwardly by the pressure of its spring 80
or it may be pushed inwardly by hand, the locking device serving to hold the
shaft in either of its positions.
The drag for checking the rotation of the line-spool is in the form of a leaf-
spring 88 (see Fig. 10). One end of this spring is arranged to engage with one
member of the multiplying-gear between the crank-shaft and the line-spool
arbor, preferably the gear-pinion 79. This drag-spring is attached to the
carrying-block 89, which is supported on the cap-plate 16 by an adjusting
screw 90, the headed and notched end of which is accessible from the outside
of the reel-housing.
As is usual in the art, a saddle plate 91 is secured rigidly to two of the con-
necting-posts A, between the main plate and the ring 3 of the reel-housing, and
this saddle-plate provides means by which the reel may be attached to the pole.
The improved fishing-reel has all of its operating parts supported on a simple
and strong construction of housing, and the line-spool is poised within the reel
so as to rotate with great freedom therein, thus making the reel well adapted
as a bait-casting device. The detent-pawl and the crank-shaft may be adjusted
to free the mainspring and the multiplying-gearing from the line-spool, thus
contributing to the freedom of rotation of said line-spool. By
placing the mainspring under tension, which is effected readily by rotating
the drum, which is loosely coupled to the main plate of the housing, and adjust-
ing the controlling-detent 58, the drum may be held from rotation; but by
permitting the drum to rotate backwardly a few turns the full force of the
mainspring may be exerted on the line-spool when strain is exerted on the line
sufficiently to uncouple the gear 433 from the detent-pawl. The reel is thus well
adapted for automatic operation according to the strain which may be exerted
on the line-spool by the efforts of the fish hooked to the end of the line.
It will be observed that the improved reel combines in a simple structure the
desired features of an automatic tension device and a means by which the
line-spool may be controlled by hand, and all the working parts or devices of the
structure are housed or arranged compactly with relation to the line-spool.
It will be understood that the rotatable drum carries with it the train of
gearing, except the gear which is fixed to the bushing, and that said drum
is controlled by the mainspring, which is housed within a stationary part of
the reel-frame or housing. The gearing serves to multiply the number of rota-
tions of the line-spool and the spring offers resistance to the pull on the line
against the movements of the fish, so as to keep at all times the necessary taut-
ness, and thus obviate slackening and entanglement of the line. The compound
gear has its member 43 pressed against the shouldered end of the tubular shaft
by the friction spring plate with sufficient force to insure rotation of the
gear 43 with the shaft and the gear member 42 to insure rotation of the

page_text: gears 42 43 with said shaft; but in the event of rigid resistance to the rotation
of the gears 42 43 the friction-disk yields sufficiently for the gear 43 to slip
on the shaft 42", and thus obviate stripping of the gear-teeth.
Slight changes may be made in the form of some of the parts while their
essential features are retained and the spirit of the invention embodied. Hence
I do not desire to be limited to the precise form of all the parts as, shown, re-
serving the right to vary therefrom.
In use, the reel is secured by means of the saddle plate 91, upon a fishing rod,
and the line is wound upon the line spool. In using the reel for casting, the
spool is uncoupled from the trains of gearing controlled by the mainspring and
the operating crank, whereupon it is perfectly poised and is free to move un-
encumbered. When the line is to be operated by hand, the crank shaft 72 is
clutched to the gear wheel 76 and the spring, and its multiplying train is un-
clutched, whereupon the spool may be rotated as desired by means of the operat-
ing handle 74. If, however, the reel is to be used automatically, the hand
operating mechanism is preferably unclutched and the spring is wound and
coupled with the line spool as before described. In its adjusted position the
drum is locked against rotation by the detent 58 engaging with the gear wheel 54.
When, however, a fish becomes hooked, its struggles will draw upon the line,
thereby rotating the line spool and consequently the gear wheel 54, until the
detent 58 is disengaged and thrown out by the spring arm 63. When this is
done the full force of the spring 25 will be thrown through the medium of the
gears, upon the line spool, which will thereby exert a pressure upon the line
against the efforts of the fish and will wind up all slack and gradually tire
and draw in the fish.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion (as communicated to me from abroad) and in what manner the same is to
be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. In a fishing-reel, the combination with a housing, a mainspring-actuated
drum and a line-spool arbor, of gearing between the spring-actuated drum and
the housing, and a centrifugal clutch having its driving member carried by
one of the gears and its driven member attached to the line-spool arbor, sub-
stantially as described.
2. In a fishing-reel, the combination with a line-spool arbor and a spring-
controlled drum, of a train of gearing having a fixed member, a compound
gear, and an arbor carrying a rotary gear, a centrifugal clutch with one member
mounted on the line-spool arbor and its other member attached to the arbor of
the train of gearing, and a detent device adapted to engage with one member
of the train of gearing, substantially as described.
3. In a fishing-reel the combination with a line-spool arbor, and a train of
gearing having an arbor, 39, in alignment with said line-spool arbor, of an auto-
matic clutch having its driven member fast with the line-spool arbor and pro-
vided with a series of circumferential pins or studs and its driving member
connected with the arbor, 39, and adapted to be thrown outwardly to engage
with one or the other of said pins or studs, substantially as described.
4. In a fishing-reel, the combination with a reel-housing, a rotatable spring-
controlled drum and a line-spool having its arbor extended into said drum,
of a train of gearing one member of which is fixed to the housing and another
member is carried by an, arbor, 39, supported within the drum, a bridge-plate
attached to the drum and provided with a disk-bearing, a driven clutch member
attached to the line-spool arbor and provided with clutch pins or studs, an arm
rigid with the arbor, 39, and a centrally-pivoted driving clutch member carried
by the arm and adapted to engage with one of the pins on the driven clutch
member, substantially as described.
5. In a fishing-reel, a bridge-plate provided with a disc-bearing, a slidable and
rotary arbor mounted in said plate and bearing and provided with a gear-pinion:

page_text: and with a clutch-arm, a driving clutch member pivoted centrally to the clutch-
arm and confined loosely between the latter and the disk-bearing, and a spring
acting against said arbor, in combination with a line-spool arbor carrying a
driven clutch member, a spring-actuated drum, and gearing, substantially as
described.
G. In a fishing-reel, a spring-controlled drum provided with a fixed spindle, a
compound gear loosely mounted thereon and a friction-disc supported by the
compound gear-shaft and normally engaging with the compound gear, in com-
bination with a line-spool arbor, a spring-actuated drum, a reel-housing, and
fixed and rotatable gears mounted respectively on the reel-housing and a rotat-
able drum, substantially as described.
7. In a fishing-reel, the combination with a housing, of a fixed bushing thereon
a line-spool mounted at one end in the housing and having its other end pro-
vided with a spindle which extends through the bushing, a spring, a spring-
actuated drum, and a clutch-controlled train of gearing between the drum and
the line-spool arbor, substantially as described.
8. In a fishing-reel, the combination with a housing, a mainspring and a drum
carrying a train of gearing, and a clutch mechanism, of a line-spool arbor poised
within the reel-housing for free rotation therein and provided with an extended
spindle on which is mounted a driven member of said clutch mechanism, and a
manually-operative multiplying-gearing embodying clutch mechanism by which
it may be thrown into and out of mesh with the line-spool, substantially as
described.
9. In a fishing-reel, the combination with a reel-housing, of a fixed bushing,
a line-spool supported at one end within the housing and provided at its opposite
end with a spindle which is mounted for free rotation in the bushing and to
have endwise thrust against the same, a spring-actuated drum connected to
said housing, a spring attached at one end to the bushing and at its other end
to the drum, a train of gearing having one member mounted on the bushing and
its remaining members supported within the said drum, and a clutch mechan-
ism between the line-spool arbor and one of the gears, substantially as described.
10. In a fishing-reel, a reel-housing, a bushing fixed to said housing, a spring-
actuated drum, operatively fitted to the housing and rotatably supported on the
bushing, and a line-spool having its spindle supported rotatably to the bushing,
in combination with a train of gearing, a mainspring and a clutch mechanism,
substantially as described.
11. In a fishing-reel, a reel-housing and a bushing secured rigidly thereto and
having a shouldered bearing and a threaded tenon, in combination with a line-
spool having its spindle extended through the bushing, a mainspring attached to
the bushing, a spring-actuated drum fitted to the shouldered bearing of the
bushing, a train of gearing one member of which is fixed to the threaded tenon
of the bushing to confine the spring-actuated drum against displacement, and
a clutch mechanism, substantially as described.
12. In a fishing-reel, the combination with a spring-actuated drum and a train
of gearing, of a pivoted detent for engaging with one of the train of gears, and a
forked spring carring a push-pin and having two arms which are arranged to
engage with the detent on opposite sides thereof, substantially as described.
13. In a fishing-reel, a centrifugal clutch mechanism substantially as des-
cribed comprising a revoluble disc having a series of studs or pins, a bridge-
plate, and another member mounted loosely in the bridge-plate concentric with the
axis of the revoluble disk and lying normally within the path of said studs or
pins, the loose clutch member being moved centrifugally to engage with one of
the studs or pins, substantially as described.
14. In a fishing-reel, a clutch mechanism substantially as described comprising
a revoluble disc or plate having a series of studs or pins, an arbor mounted con-
centric to the axis of the disc and carrying an arm, and another clutch member

page_text: pivoted centrally to the arm to lie normally in the path of the studs or pins
and arranged to be thrown by centrifugal force into engagement with one stud
or pin, substantially as described.
15. In a fishing-reel, the combination with a housing and a line-spool, of a
slidable and rotary-crank-shaft provided with the annular grooves and with a
radial clutch-pin, a gear mounted on the housing independent of said shaft and
provided with clutch pins or studs with which the radial pin of the shaft may
engage, a spring acting against the shaft, a locking device mounted on the
housing for engagement with the shaft, and a gear-pinion on the line-spool
arbor, substantially as described.
16. In a fishing-reel, the combination with a line-spool arbor, a rotatable drum,
and a fixed gear, of a shaft carrying a gear, a friction-controlled gear normally
fast with said shaft and adapted to slip thereon under undue resistance, and
clutch devices between the line-spool arbor and the friction-controlled gear, sub-
stantially as described.
17. In a fishing-reel, the combination with a line-spool arbor, a rotatable drum,
and a fixed gear, of a spindle carried by said drum, a tubular shaft having a
gear which meshes with the fixed gear, a loose gear on the tubular shaft, a
friction-disc fixed to the tubular shaft and engaging with the gear to make the
same normally fast with the tubular shaft, and clutch mechanism between the
friction-controlled gear and the line-spool arbor, substantially as described.
Dated this 24th day of August 1899.
J. G. LORRAIN,
Communicatee.