IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR TENTERING FABRICS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Ashworth, of Rochdale, of the County of Lancaster,
Mechanic, for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO
MACHINES FOR TENTERING FABRICS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Ashworth at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th February 1881.
JOHN ASHWORTH, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanio.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR TENTERING FABRICS."
"
Firstly. My Invention relates to arrangements applicable to either "pin or
"clip" tentering machines, the object of which is to cause the selvages to dry more
rapidly than in machines of ordinary construction, and my Invention consists in
placing a small pipe the lengthway of the machine below the "gills" or clips for each
selvage, which pipe is heated by steam, and thus heats the air passing against it,
which air rises upwards to the selvages of the cloth.
My Invention further consists in connecting the pipes for each selvage by
arranging pipes from one to the other, so that one will slide into the other through
a stuffing box as the machine is adjusted from one width to another.
My Invention further consists in combining a cover with the pipe, which cover
is or may be made of thin metal plate, and hinged to the chain box lid, so as to be
readily turned over out of the way when required. These covers prevent the
immediate escape of the hot air, and deflect it downwards upon the selvages, but
allow it to escape at a space between the edge of the cover and the surface of the
cloth under treatment.
My Invention further consists in combining with the steam pipe and the cover a
shield and collector (one for each selvage), which is or may be formed of thin metal
plate hinged to brackets, so as to be turned down out of the way when desired.
This shield is perforated in some cases with small holes to admit air and conduct
it to the hot pipe and selvage, and it also acts to collect greasy matter (which
collects on or about the links, and falls in lumps) from getting upon and damaging
the fabric under treatment.

page_text: i
Secondly. My Invention relates to gills for tentering machines, and consists in
cranking the teeth, or otherwise forming them so that they will overhang one or
both edges of the gill plate, or my Invention consists in making the gill plates with
comb teeth on one or both edges, and inserting the pins in these teeth.
Thus constructed, the heated air will have better access to the selvages of the
cloth.
Thirdly. My Invention relates to means for preventing the selvage from being
drawn tightly against the "gill" plate when passing round the chain pulleys, and my
Invention consists in employing a flange on the chain pulley, to hold up the cloth
and prevent it from being drawn down upon the gill plates when passing round the
chain pulleys.
Fourthly. My Invention relates to clip tentering machines, and consists in
arranging cam pieces on the sides of the machine, to open and keep open each
alternate clip for a time to allow the hot air access to dry the selvages.
My Invention further consists in jointing the jaws of the clips, so that both will
move to open or close..
Fifthly. My Invention relates to the brush or brushes, or other means employed
for pushing the selvages of the cloth upon the gills or pins when entering the
machine, which brushes or other arrangements have hitherto been stationary, and
my Invention consists in giving them a to and fro motion, so as to press the cloth
evenly upon the pins, which motion is produced by a cam upon the chain pulley
shaft that acts upon a lever upon which the brush or its equivalent is mounted.
Sixthly. My improvements relate to improved arrangements for heating the air
for tentering machines, and consists in one or more trunks placed under the machine,
in each of which there are a series of steam heated pipes.
Air is forced by a fan into this trunk or trunks, and passes in contact with the
hot pipes, and then escapes at the end of the trunk or chest, and passes from the
sides to the cloth being operated upon.
Seventhly. My Invention relates to an arrangement and combination of mechanism
by which two or more pieces may be operated upon at the same time, or by which
while one piece of cloth is passing through the machine, another piece of different
width is or can be made to follow without stopping the machine, or first waiting to
allow the piece then being operated upon to pass through the machine.
My Invention consists in employing three or more endless chains, which together
with their connected parts are separately adjustable to and from each other, to suit
'the desired widths of fabrics.
The parts for each chain to be adjusted are or may be all arranged on the same
fixed screws passing across the machine, and there are screw nuts on the fixed
screw for each chain and its connected parts, which nuts are in wheels, and are
revolved by a shaft passing from end to end of the machine.
Or this separate adjustment is made by a shaft, racks, and pinions.
The links for the middle chain or chains are formed dove-tail to slide upon a dove
tail guide rail, and the gills or clips are secured to projections above the links, the
middle gills or clips being a little below the level of the gills or clips for the two
outside chains.
The rails for the middle chains have troughs attached to catch any greasy
matter that might fall upon the cloth.
Eighthly. My Invention relates to selfacting means for feeding the cloth to
tentering machines, and consists in doing this by a pair of rollers at each selvage
which are arranged to swivel, so that their axes may be turned more or less to
an angle to the direction in which the cloth is to be fed. There are pins or plates
on levers which come against the edges of the cloth and act as feelers, and the
levers carrying these pins or plates are connected with the feeding rollers to vary
their angular position more or less in one direction or the other, as the cloth tend
to narrow or widen.
Ninthly. My Invention consists in arranging my improved tentering machines
where the cloth passes to one end of the machine and returns back to the othe

page_text: end, so that the cloth is first fed upon the under chains, and will return upon the
upper chains, which mode of feeding is the reverse of the ordinary mode of
working.
Tenthly. My Invention consists in making the jaws of clips for clip tentering
machines with fine teeth or serrations, so as to hold the cloth with less pressure or
"nip" than is required by ordinary clips which produce marks on some fabrics.
Eleventhly. My Invention consists in arranging the change wheels for tentering
machines all upon the same axis, so that they can be slided in the direction of the
axis, to bring into gear the required wheel when a change of speed is to be effected
by a lever or other means. I also in some cases use friction discs in place of change
wheels.
Twelfthly. My Invention consists in arrangements formed by a balanced lever
held up by the piece which, when the end of the piece comes, will be allowed to
fall and put a brake into gear to stop the rotation of the measuring drum, which
dispenses with the necessity of a workman attending to this as in ordinary
tentering machines.
Thirteenthly. My Invention relates to the rollers for putting drag upon the cloth
in tentering machines, and consists in covering them with india rubber.or similar
elastic material, in place of using card teeth, which tends to damage the surface or
finish of the cloth. And my Invention further consists in using separate drag
rollers, and arrangements for each width of cloth to be treated in machines similar
to those forming the subject of the seventh part of my Invention.
Fourteenthly. My Invention relates to what is termed "dewing" or damping the
fabric, and consists in combining arrangements for this purpose with the tentering
machine, this operation having hitherto been accomplished by a separate machine.
The apparatus operates upon the cloth as it leaves the tentering machine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Ashworth in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
13th August 1881.
JOHN ASHWORTH, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Mechanic.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO MACHINES FOR TENTERING FABRICS."
Firstly. My Invention relates to arrangements applicable to either "pin or clip"
tentering machines, the object of which is to cause the selvages to dry more rapidly
than in machines of ordinary construction; and my Invention consists in placing a
small pipe the lengthway of the machine below or near the gills or clips for each
selvage, which pipe is heated by steam, and thus heats the air passing against it
and on to the selvages of the cloth.
My Invention further consists in connecting the pipes for each selvage by
arranging pipes from one to the other, so that one will slide into the other through
a stuffing box as the machine is adjusted from one width to another.
My Invention further consists in combining a cover with the pipe, which cover.
is or may be made of thin metal plate, and hinged to the chain box lid so as to be
readily turned over out of the way when required. These covers prevent the
immediate escape of the hot air and deflect it downwards or backwards upon the
selvages, but allow it to escape at a space between the edge of the cover and the
surface of the cloth under treatment.
My, Invention further consists in combining with the steam pipe and the cover
a shield and collector (one for each selvage), which is or may be formed of thin
metal plate, hinged to brackets so as to be turned down or to one side out of the
way when required.
The shield is perforated in some cases with small holes to admit air and conduct
it to the hot pipe and selvage, and it also acts to collect greasy matter from the
upper chain (which collects in or about the links, and falls in lumps) from getting
upon and damaging the fabric under treatment, the lower shield preventing dirt
from getting on the chain.
Secondly. My Invention relates to gills for tentering machines, and consists in
cranking the teeth or otherwise forming them so that they will overhang one or
both edges of the gill plate (if made double); or my Invention consists in making
the gill plates with comb teeth on one or both edges, and inserting the pins in
these projecting teeth. Thus constructed the heated air will have better access to
the selvages of the cloth:
Thirdly. My Invention relates to means for preventing the selvage from being
drawn tightly against the gill plate when passing round the chain pulleys, and my
Invention consists in employing a flange on the chain pulleys to hold up the cloth
and prevent it from being drawn down upon the gill plate when passing round the
chain pulleys.
Fourthly. My Invention relates to the brush or brushes, or other means employed
for pushing the selvages of the cloth upon the gills or pins when entering the
machine, which brushes or other arrangements have hitherto been stationary, and
my Invention consists in giving them a to and fro motion so as to press the cloth
evenly upon the pins, which motion is produced by a cam upon the chain pulley
shaft or by the links of the chain, which cam or links act upon a lever upon which
the brush or its equivalent is mounted.
Fifthly. My Invention relates to improved arrangements for heating the air for
tentering machines, and consist in combining with the machine one or more
trunks placed under the machine, in each of which there are a series of steam
heated pipes.

page_text: Air is forced by a fan, or other propeller, into this trunk or trunks, and passes in
contact with the hot pipes, and then escapes at the end of the trunk or chest and
passes from the sides to the cloth being operated upon.
Sixthly. My Invention relates to an arrangement and combination of mechanism,
5 by which two or more pieces may be operated upon at the same time, or one extra
wide fabric may be operated upon when required.
My Invention consists in employing three or more endless chains, but four by
preference, which, together with their connected parts, are separately adjustable to
and from each other to suit the desired width or widths of fabrics. The two
O middle chains are adjusted at the same time when four chains are used.
The parts for each chain to be adjusted are or may be all arranged on the same
fixed screws passing across the machine, and there are screw nuts on the fixed screw
for each chain and its connected parts, which nuts are in wheels and are revolved
by a shaft passing from end to end of the machine.
Or this separate adjustment is made by a shaft, racks, and pinions..
The links for the middle and side chain or chains are or may be formed dove-
tail or undercut to slide upon a dove-tail or undercut guide rail, and the gills or
clips are secured to projections from the sides of the links.
The rails for the middle and side chains have troughs attached to catch any
greasy matter that might fall' upon the cloth or chains, as described under the first
head of my Invention.
Seventhly. My Invention relates to selfacting means for feeding the cloth to
tentering machines, and consists in doing this by a roller or pair of rollers, or
several pairs of rollers at each selvage, which are arranged to swivel so that their
axes may be turned more or less to an angle to the direction in which the cloth is
to be fed. There are pins or plates on levers which come against the edges of the
cloth and act as feelers, and the levers carrying these pins or plates are connected
with the feeding rollers to vary their angular position more or less, in one direction
or the other, as the cloth tends to narrow or widen.
Eighthly. My Invention consists in arranging my improved tentering machines
where the cloth passes to one end of the machine and returns back to the other
end, so that the cloth is first fed upon the under chains and will return upon the
upper chains, which mode of feeding is the reverse of the ordinary mode of
working.
2
Ninthly. My Invention consists in making the jaws of clips for tentering
machines with fine teeth or serrations, so as to hold the cloth without pressure or
"nip or with less pressure or "nip" than is required by ordinary clips, which
produce marks in some fabrics.
33
Tenthly. My Invention consists in arranging the change wheels for tentering
machines all upon the same axis, so that they can be slided in the direction of the
axis, or so that a carrier wheel may be slided in the direction of the axis to bring
into gear the required wheel when a change of speed is to be effected by a lever
handle or other means.
I also in some cases use friction discs in place of change wheels.
Eleventhly. My Invention consists in arrangements formed by one or more
balanced levers held up by the piece, which when the end of the piece comes will
be allowed to fall, or which will be moved and put a brako into gear to stop the
rotation of the measuring drum, which dispenses with the necessity of a workman
attending to this, as in ordinary measuring machines.
Twelfthly. My Invention refers to the rollers for putting drag upon the cloth
in tentering machines, and consists in covering them with india rubber or similar
elastic material, in place of using card teeth, which tends to damage the surface or
finish of the cloth. And my Invention further consists in using separate drag
rollers and arrangements for each width of cloth to be treated in machines similar
to those forming the subject of the sixth part of my Invention.
Thirteenthly. My Invention relates to what is termed "dewing" or damping
the fabric, and consists in combining arrangements for this purpose with the

page_text: tentering machines, this operation having hitherto been accomplished by a separate
machine.
The apparatus operates upon the cloth as it leaves the tentering machine.
Fig. 1 is a cross section and illustrates the first part of my Invention.
a, side frames or rails of machine; b, link chains in chain box a²; a³, lid or cover
to chain box secured by screws; b, projections from links of chains to carry
toothed gills f; a³, brackets secured to the side by bolts to carry the small steam
pipes c, and also the joint or bearings of the rods to which the thin plates d
perforated with holes are attached, these plates being of any convenient length;
e are covers to the gills, also made of any convenient length, and secured to parts e¹
screwed on to the lids a², which parts e¹ are hinged to turn the cover e back when
required.
At the bottom side there are turn buttons e² to hold the hinged part up in
position. Steam between the pipes c on one side and the other side of the machine
is conveyed by telescopic pipes (not shown), one pipe sliding in the other, through a
stuffing box.
Figs. 2 and 3 are sectional elevations showing a modification of the first part of
my Invention, in which c is the steam pipe, and d¹ the protecting plates; the plates
in Fig. 3 are hinged as shown, but in Fig. 2 they are fixed as shown.
Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate the second part of my Invention; f¹ are the over
hanging gill teeth.
Figs. 4, 5, and 6 also illustrate the second part of my Invention, Fig. 4 being a
side elevation of a gill with overhanging teeth attached to one link b of the chain
Fig. 5 is a plan, and Fig. 6 an end view of the same; f'are the overhanging teeth
cast or otherwise fixed in the plates attached to a projection b' from the link b;
b are the joints of the link; 63, the hole for the teeth of the chain wheel.
Fig. 7 is a side elevation, and Fig. 8 a section illustrating the mode of carrying
the third part of my Invention into effect.
;
63 is the ordinary toothed chain pulley; b' is a pulley secured to it, the edge of
which will come against the cloth near the gill teeth, and prevent it from being
drawn too much upon the teeth of the gills.
Fig. 9 is a side elevation, and Fig. 10 an edge view illustrating the fourth part
of my Invention; a, part of the side of the machine; a¹, a bracket secured to it.
A stud a³ in the bracket a forms the joint or fulcrum of a bent lever g² which
has a stud g¹ in it for a brush g (shown partly) and a disc g*.
The lower end of the bent lever g2 carries a bowl g³ that rests on the linked
chain 6 that passes over the toothed chain wheel b³.
The bristles of the brush come over the cloth and the points of the teeth of the
gills; the edge of the disc b* comes over the cloth, but on one side of the gill teeth.
The joints of the chain b cause the lever g2 to act on the bowl g³, and thus the
brush g and disc g* to lift, and it falls by its own weight and the force of a
spring g secured on the bracket at.
There is an arrangement same as that shown by Figs. 9 and 10 on each side of
the machine for each selvage.
Fig. 11 is a side elevation; Fig. 12 is an end. elevation at the left hand end of
Fig. 11, and Fig. 13 an end elevation at the right hand or going on end of Fig. 11,
and Fig. 14 is a plan view.
These Figures illustrate one modification of a tentering machine, according to
the sixth part of my Invention, and also improvements under the fifth, seventh,
eighth, and twelfth heads of my Invention.
Fig. 15, a detached full size view, and Fig. 16 an end section, illustrate the
construction of the machine shown by Figs. 11, 12, 13, and 14.
hare the base rails of frame of the machine; ' are stands secured upon the base
rails to carry the ends of cross beams h², which are T shape in section, with
flanges h³ on each side of the upper side, and with a toothed rack formed between
the flanges (see Figs. 15 and 16). Mounted upon each beam 2 is a bracket h' for
each of the two side chain rails (a) and for the middle double chain rail («).

page_text: Each bracket is formed (as shown best in Fig. 15 and 16) to partly slide and
roll (as hereinafter explained) on the rail, and with projections h³ to take hold of
and slide against the under side of the head of the beam has shown.
Each bracket (*) has bearings for a shaft that passes from end to end of the
machine, there being one shaft passing from end to end of the machine for each side
chain rail (a) and for the middle double chain rail.
For each bracket (h) on the shaft ho a spur pinion 7 is secured to gear with the
rack teeth on the beam (h²), and the edge of each pinion (h) is cylindrical to roll
upon the two side flanges ³ of the beam, as shown, so that thus the principal part
of the weight is carried on the cylindrical part of the pinion, which acts as a
carrying wheel. To the bracket h are secured the sides or rails a, on which the
slide ways for the chains are formed.
The rails or ways for the chains are formed by a T projection a6, cast or secured
on the plate, both at the top and bottom, which are in place of the box (a¹, Fig. 1)
of ordinary chain rails.
22
Fig. 15 shows a cross section of the slide way with a link 6 of the chain upon
it, the part being the projection to which the gill plate is secured (see also Figs.
27, 28, and 29.)
The chain rails (a) extend from end to end of the machine, and they are adjusted
to the required distance apart by rotating the shafts (h) at one end of the machine
by a short shaft having a winch handle upon it and a worm to gear with a worm
wheel secured on the end of the shaft 7º.
Or this is done by gearing brought in and out of gear by suitable clutches and
connecting rods. At the driving end of the machine there is a shaft i across the
machine in bearings on two side stands.
i
This shaft passes through each rail plate (a), and on the shaft the chain wheel
for each chain is placed, each wheel having bearings or connections with its chain
rail (a), so that when they are moved the chain wheel will be slided upon the
shaft i, there being a key groove in each chain wheel and a key along the shaft i.
The shaft i is driven by any suitable power by pinions gearing with the
wheels i².
The chain wheels at the other end of the machine have each bearings on a stud
in the end of its chain rail.
The chain rails (ax) at the going on end for one length of rail are jointed at a',
so that they may be adjusted to and from each other to give more or less stretch in
the width way of the fabric.
The brackets h for these jointed rails (a*), have slides and screws for giving the
adjustment, as shown in Fig. 13. It will be seen that for each side rail a* there is
an upright from the bracket h* to carry the bearing of a screw ³ that screws through
a nut arranged to swivel in bearings on the chain plate a*, the lower edge of
which slides on the flat top in the bracket h².
There is a right and left handed screw hx for the double middle rail, and one rail
is secured to the bracket by a screw, when the other is to be separately adjusted.
The fifth part of my Invention is illustrated in combination with the machine
represented by Figs. 11, 12, 13, and 14.
In Fig. 12 a cross section is shown of the trunksj, with longitudinal steam heated
pipes, and in Fig. 11 the longitudinal view is shown with the trunks (1) supposed
partly broken away to show the steam pipes j¹.
The air is blown in by a fan in the direction of the arrows and then passes out
at the sides and ascends and enters through a hole in the plate (a) of the side rail.
The connection between the vertical pipe from the trunk j and the side rail is
telescopic, to allow for the varying position of the side rails a.
The steam pipes (21) are or may be arranged to pass across the trunk or trunks
if preferred.
The eighth part of my Invention is illustrated by Fig. 11.
The twelfth part of my Invention is illustrated by Figs. 11, 13, and 14.

page_text: The shaft for half the length of the bottom roller k is solid, and passes through
a hollow shaft for the other half bottom roller.
One half roller is driven by bevel wheels at one end on the solid shaft, the other
by bevel wheels at the other end of the hollow shaft.
The upper drag rollers are heavy weight rollers, one half length on a solid
shaft which passes through the hollow shaft of the other roller.
Both upper and lower rollers and have their surfaces covered with india
rubber.
The bevel wheels for driving the lower rollers are upon a diagonal shaft k²,
represented by a centre line, and the upper end of each shaft has a pulley upon
it that can be slided on a fixed key on the shaft.
The edge of the pulley is or may be covered with leather to come in contact
with a friction disc on the end of a shaft extending across the machine, which
shaft has motion by spur wheels from spur wheels attached to the chain wheels.
The cloth after passing through the drag rollers and goes over the breast
beam, and the selvages are guided to the gills on the chains by one of the modi-
fications forming the subject of the seventh part of my Invention, that indicated
in Fig. 11 being the modification illustrated by Figs. 19 and 20.
By these arrangements the cloth passes on to the gills at the underside of the
chains, according to the eighth part of my Invention.
Fig. 17 is a side elevation and Fig. 18 an end view illustrating one modification
according to the seventh part of my Invention.
a represents one end of the machine; as is a bracket secured to the end of the
machine, and a³ is a stand secured on this bracket as, which stand has centre
bearings for a part that can oscillate freely on a vertical axis l¹.
This part has a stud 12, upon which a toothed pulley 13. can rotate freely.
To the part an arm or angle piece is secured, which has a bowl 15 at its end
that can rotate freely on a stud in the arm
The selvage of the cloth passes over the roller 1, rests upon the surface l, and its
edge comes close to the vertical part of the angle arm, passes over the teeth of
the pulleys 3, then direct to the teeth of the gills on the chain of the tentering
machine.
The position of the vertical axis of the part is such that the pull of the
fabric will cause the angle arm to keep close to the edge or selvage of the fabric,
and if this widens or narrows the position of the angle arm and toothed pulley ³
will vary accordingly, and the teeth of the pulley (18) will tend to take more or less
hold of the selvage of the cloth accordingly, and direct and guide it on to the gills
of the tentering machine.
There is one of these arrangements on each side of the machine.
The arrangement illustrated by Figs. 17 and 18 is more suitable for light
fabrics.
Fig. 19 is a side elevation and Fig. 20 an end sectional elevation of another
modification under the seventh head of my Invention.
a is the end framing or rail of the tentering machine; as is a bracket secured
to the end or side of the machine; aº is a bracket jointed to the bracket a³ on a
vertical axis or joint a, so as to be capable of oscillating to some extent
horizontally.
There is a flat steel spring all secured to the bracket as, and the end of this
spring is connected with the oscillating bracket a³. This spring all permits move-
ment in the bracket a³, but tends to bring it back to a normal position.
The bracket a has an upright part and branches, and in these there are centre
bearings for three independent oscillating parts similar to the part 1, Figs. 17
and 18.
Each part has a stud 1 for a pulley 13, which can rotate freely, and each part
has also a stud for a lever , which carries a stud for another pulley 18.
The lever has one end of a helical spring attached to it, the other end of
which is connected with a link in a projection 10 from the swivel part l.

page_text: The spring and lever 17 are to press the upper pulley 1s against the lower
pulley (3), and thus pinch or hold the selvage of the cloth passing between the
pulleys.
There is an angle guide l attached to each part 1. The cloth is delivered over a
beam (see le, Fig. 11), and the edge or selvage passes over each angle guide 1', and
between each of the three sets of pulleys 13 and 15, then between a pair of pulleys (11
and 2, which are arranged on any suitable bracket from the bracket, these
pulleys being pressed together to pinch or take hold of the edge of the fabric and
help to pull it forward through the pulleys 13 and 18, one of the pulleys being
driven by a band from the groove pulley on the chain wheel shaft, which works
in a groove in a pulley secured or formed on the axis of the pulley " * is a
part secured to the bracket a to prevent the parts from oscillating too far.
The action of each pair of pulleys 13 and 18 is similar to the toothed pulley 13,
Figs. 17 and 18.
There is one arrangement, as above described, on each side for each selvage of
the cloth.
Fig. 3 shows a side view, Fig. 21 a front view, and Fig. 22 a plan view illus-
trating the mode of carrying out the ninth part of my Invention.
Fig. 23 is an end view and Fig. 24 a plan of another modification, and Fig. 25
an end and Fig. 26 a plan of another modification.
In Figs. 3, 21, and 22 the teeth of the lower fixed jaw are cranked and overhang,
and those of the upper jaw are straight, and are fixed in the metal of the jaw,
which is hinged at f2.
In Figs. 23 and 24, and Figs. 25 and 26, the teeth are straight and fixed in the
metal of the jaws.
The Figs. 21, 22, 24, and 26 show the arrangement of the teeth, so that when
the gills are in a straight line the teeth will be continuous with equal spaces
between them.
The projection f³ on the moveable jaw is acted upon by an incline or cam piece
to open the jaw when the piece of cloth is entering or leaving the clips, which cam
pieces are fixed on the sides of the chain rails. The joint of the jaws is below the
level of the points of the teeth in the lower or fixed jaw, consequently the strain of
the cloth does not tend to open the jaw.
Fig. 27 is an end elevation; Fig. 28, a side elevation, and Fig. 29, a plan of a
link for the chain of the machines according to the sixth part of my Invention ;
Fig. 27 being a similar view of the link to that shown by b in Fig. 15; but in
Fig. 15 the joint projections are not shown; 67 is the hole in the link for a tooth
of the chain wheel to pass through.
Fig. 30 is a side elevation; Fig. 31, an end elevation looking at the feeding end
of the machine, and Fig. 32, a plan illustrating a modification under the sixth head
of my Invention, and also illustrates the tenth, twelfth, and thirteenth parts of my
Invention.
As regards the sixth part of my Invention, the arrangement illustrated is similar
to that represented by Figs. 11, 12, 13, and 14, except that the beams h² are plain
double flanged girders. The bracket slides upon the beams ², and there are
stationary screws 10 across the machine, which have a nut for each rail in a
wheel carried in bearings on the brackets, and this wheel gears with another
wheel secured on a shaft he passing from end to end of the machine; these wheels are
equal spiral toothed wheels or coarse pitched worms, one gearing into the other.
The shafts are rotated at the ends by bevel wheels on a shaft h¹¹ across the
machine which is driven by the engine, and drives the wheels of the shaft i
for the chain wheels by a pinion.
On the cross shaft " there are two bevel wheels for each shaft. ho, which
wheels can be slided on a fixed key so as to bring one or the other into gear,
and these bevel wheels are or may be put into gear by a rod or shaft for each

page_text: pair of wheels from the feeding end of the machine, so that the wheels may be
put in or out of gear, and to drive the shafts either way, and thus adjust the
rails as desired.
•
In Figs. 30, 31, and 32, k and are the drag rollers arranged as described in
reference to Figs. 11 to 14, and represents the shaft driven from the chain
wheels, as described in reference to Figs. 11 to 14; but in place of the discs *
there are bevel wheels which gear with bevel wheels on a horizontal shaft t in
suitable bearings.
This shaft t has a key in it for a spur wheel t¹ upon it to slide to and fro. On
the boss of the spur wheel there is a bearing for an arm t² and handle. The arm has
a stud for a carrier wheel which gears with the spur wheel t', and the carrier
wheel has a flange on each side of the teeth. Below the horizontal shaft there is
another shaft in suitable bearings having a series of change spur wheels t³
upon it.
By sliding the handle t2, and thus the wheel t¹ and carrier wheel t³ along the
shaft t, the latter wheel can be brought and left in gear with any one of the change
wheels required.
On the lower shaft there is a bevel wheel that drives a bevel on the drag
rollers k.
There is a duplicate of this change wheel mechanism on each side of a double
machine to drive the two halves of the drag rollers k and k¹ separately.
Fig. 30 illustrates the thirteenth part of my Invention.
u is a frame, box, or cover supported in any convenient manner.
The cloth comes from the tentering machine under a roller u³, then up and
between two rollers u², then across the box to another roller u³, and is then taken
away.
There is one or two pipes (only one u is illustrated) perforated with a series of
small holes so that water at pressure brought to this pipe u will escape from the
holes in fine spray. Any water collecting on the inside of the top up or sides
of the box runs down the sides, and is collected in troughs u and us, thus
preventing large drops from descending upon the cloth.
Fig. 33 is a side elevation, and Fig. 34 a partial front elevation illustrating the
cleventh part of my Invention.
m, side framing; n, measuring drum or cylinder, the shaft of which at one end
has a brake pulley n¹ secured upon it; n2 is a brake belt, one end of which is
secured so as to be adjustable in length upon some part or projection from the
framing, the other end to a lever n³ on a fulcrum on the framing m. To the
lever n³ one end of a rod n³ is jointed that is also jointed to an arm n³ on a shaft ne
iu bearings on the framing, which shaft has another arm n' connected by a link n³
with an arm p¹ secured upon the "knocking off" rod 2, which arm p¹ passing
through a hole in the frame also prevents that rod p from turning while permitting
it to slide endways.
On the "knocking off" rod p and between the framing m and the arm p¹ there is a
helical spring (not shown), which acts to pull the rod pendways when released, and
traverse the driving belt from the fast to the loose pulley q (there being a belt
guide on the rod 2), and at the same time apply the brake by acting through the
link n³, arms n7 and 5, shaft no, rod n*, and lever n³.
The rod p is held from "knocking off" by a catch jointed on the framing,
which comes against a collar on the rod p, and this catch has a rod r¹ jointed to it,
which is also jointed to a weight lever on a shaft 73 across the framing.
There is another weight lever 7 with its fulcrum on or on a shaft across the
framing, and one end of this lever when it moves acts upon a collar on the
rod 1.
On the levers 7 and there is a board 76 and 7.
The cloth comes under
and over rods, then under a roller (not shown), then

page_text: over the measuring roller or cylinder n, then under a weight roller g', and between
it and a roller q on the driving shaft q', these two latter rollers q² and q³ drawing
the cloth forward.
The tension of the cloth pressing against the edge of the board 7 sustains the
weight lever and the rod and lever The edge of the board on lever 7.2
comes close to without touching the cloth, passing over the measuring roller, but
the seam between one piece of cloth and another will in passing move this board 76,
and this will lift the catch and release the "knocking off" rod p; the absence of
the piece acting against the board 7 of the lever will also act in the same
manner as the weight on the lever 7, and will cause the arm under the collar 8 on
the rod to lift it, and thus release the catch r.
I have now particularly described the nature of my said Invention, and the modes
of carrying the same into effect, and claim as my Invention,-
Firstly. The use of steam pipes placed near the gills or clips, combined with
covers or deflectors (e) and the shield plates (d), substantially as herein before
described and illustrated by the Drawings.
Secondly. The construction of toothed gills for tentering machines where the
teeth are cranked or made to overhang the gill plate, substantially as hereinbefore
described and illustrated by the Drawings.
Thirdly. The arrangements for preventing the selvages from being drawn too
tightly upon the teeth of the gills, substantially as hereinbefore described under the
third head of my Invention, and illustrated by the Drawings.
Fourthly. The giving of to and fro motion to the brushes or their equivalents,
substantially as herein before described under the fourth head of my Invention, and
illustrated by the Drawings.
Fifthly. The combination with tentering machines of arrangements placed under
the machines for heating air, substantially as hereinbefore described under the
fifth head of my Invention, and illustrated by the Drawings.
Sixthly. The combinations of mechanism by which two or more pieces of cloth
can be operated upon side by side in tentering machines, substantially as described
under the sixth head of my Invention, and illustrated by the Drawings.
Seventhly. The combinations of mechanism for feeding the selvages of cloth to
the gill pins of tentering and analogous machines, substantially as hereinbefore
described under the seventh head of my Invention, and illustrated by the
Drawings.
Eighthly. The system or mode of feeding the cloth to tentering machines, first to
the gills or clips of the lower chain, substantially as herein before described under
the eighth head of my Invention, and illustrated by the Drawings.
Ninthly. The construction of clip gills for tentering machines with teeth, sub-
stantially as hereinbefore described under the ninth head of my Invention, and
illustrated by the Drawings.
Tenthly. The arrangement and combination of change wheel mechanism for
tentering machines, so that the speeds may be readily varied, substantially as
herein before described under the tenth head of my Invention.
Eleventhly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for stopping the
machine and applying a brake to the measuring drum of measuring machines,
substantially as herein before described under the eleventh head of my Invention,
and illustrated by the Drawings.
Twelfthly. The construction and arrangement of drag rollers for tentering
machines, as hereinbefore described under the twelfth head of my Invention, and
illustrated by the Drawings.
Thirteenthly. The combination directly with tentering machines of arrange-
ments for "dewing" or damping, substantially as hereinbefore described under the
thirteenth head of my Invention, and illustrated by the Drawings.
Fourteentbly. The combination of mechanism of tentering machines, with several
improvements hereinbefore described combined together in one machine, as herein-

page_text: before described and illustrated by Figs. 11 to 14 inclusive, and Figs. 30 to 32
inclusive, of the Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Ashworth, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twelfth day of August, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one.
JOHN ASHWORTH. (L.S.)