CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING NET, COMMONLY CALLED BOBBIN OR TWIST NET
Year: 1826

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, Joun
RISTE, of Chard, in the County of Somerset, Lace Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Fourth, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Fourth day of October last, in the seventh year of His reign,
did, for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant His especial licence
and authority unto me, the said John Riste, that I, or my exors, admors, and
assigns, by myself and themselves, or by my or their servants or agents,
and such others as I, the said John Riste, my exors, adñors, and assigns, should
agree with and appoint (and no others), from time to time and at all times
during the term of fourteen years from the date of the said Letters Patent,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England,,
Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING NET, COMMONLY CALLED BOBBIN OR
TWIST NET;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained. a proviso
obliging me, the said John Riste, by an instrument in writing under my
hand and seal, particularly to describe and ascertain the nature of .my
said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, and to
cause the same to be enrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within two calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being there-
unto had, may more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
John Riste, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is to be performed, is described and ascertained in
,manner following (that is to say):―
My improvements are applicable to that kind or description of machines for
making bobbin or twist net, which are called by bobbin or twist net manu-
facturers double-tier circular bolt rotary machines, and which machines are
adapted to be impelled by mechanical power, either that of a steam engine or
of a water wheel; and my improvements consist in a new construction and
method of giving motion to those parts of the machinery of such machines as
are called fetchers or lockers, videlizit:-Those horizontal bars which are
situated beneath the circular bolts are at the back, and the other in the front
of the warp threads, and which fetchers or lockers are adapted to rise up to
lock or catch the bobbins and carriages, and act beneath the same with such a
motion as will draw them out clear from beneath the warp threads, in order to
allow the same to be racked or shogged, which being done the fetchers or
lockers are then caused to drop down, and to move forwards the warp thread,
so as to leave the bobbins and carriages free to be pushed by the driving bars
between the warp threads out of the circular bolts on one side of the warp
threads into those on the other side thereof, and then the fetchers or lockers
are raised up again with a suitable motion to draw out the bobbins and car-
riages clear from between the threads;. and for the more full explanation of
my improvements I have hereunto annexed a Drawing representing my said
improvements, together with so much of the machinery or parts of one of the
said double-tier circular bolt rotary machines as are necessary to be known for
the complete understanding thereof.
Figure 1 represents one end of the machine viewed from the outside, and
Figure 2. represents the other end of the machine viewed from the inside.
A, A, is the cast-iron frame or machine end; B, the top bar; and C, C, C, C,
the side rails, to unite those ends together, so as to form the fixed frame or
carcase of the machine. D, D, are the circle bars or comb bars which sustain
the circles or circular bolts a, a. b, d, are the bobbins, and carriages, which are
inserted into the spaces between the said circles or bolts, with liberty to move
freely backwards and forwards therein out of one set of circles into the others,
accordingly as they are impelled by the driving bars or swing bars E, E. One
end of each of the said driving bars is screwed to a triangular frame F; and
each of the triangles F is suspended upon a pivot, which is fixed at,e, e, in the
centre of the curvature of the circles a, a, and a swinging or backwards and
forwards motion is given to them by means of the links G, G, which are

page_text: attached at one end by a joint to the lower part of each trianglo F; and the
other ends of the links G, G, are jointed to the upper ends of the elbow
levers H, H, which move up the fixed centre pins I, I; and small rollers or
trucks are fitted into the extremities of the short crooked arms of the elbow
levers, in order to run upon the circumferences of the driving wheels or
camms K, K, which' circumferences' are curved with such deviations from a
circular form as will alternately raise and lower the said trucks, when the
driving cams K, K, are turned regularly round with a continued circular
motion. The alternating motion so given to the elbow levers H, H, being
communicated by the links G, G, to the triangles F, F, upon which the
driving bars E, E, are fastened, will cause those driving bars to swing back-
wards and forwards alternately; with a suitable motion to push the bobbins
and carriages b, d, out of one set of circles a, between the warp threads, into
the opposite set of circles a; and the curvatures of the driving wheels K, K,
are adapted to perform those motions in such order and manner as is or may
be required to make bobbin or twist net by double-tier circular bolt machines.
And my improvements consist in the manner of applying' the lockers or
fetchers beneath the circles of a rotary machine of the above description, as is
shewn in the said Drawing at 1, 1; and also in the manner of combining the
machinery or parts marked 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, in order to sustain and give
motion to those lockers in a suitable manner, that they may rise up to catch
the carriages b, d, and draw the same out clear from between the warp
threads every time that the driving bars' E, E, have pushed the said car-
riages as far between the said threads as they are capable of doing: The
locker bars 1, 1, are two horizontal bars; which are placed beneath the
circles a, a, one locker being brought beneath the front set of circles, and
Each locker is
the other locker being beneath the back set of circles.
poised upon a pivot 2 at each end, to sustain its weight, and serve as a
centre of motion about which the locker can be; turned backwards or for-
wards, and then the edge or blade of each locker will describe the arch of a
small circle, as is shewn by the dotted lines in Figure 3, and in such motion
the said edge of the blade will rise up and draw out at the same time, in a
suitable manner to catch the carriages, and to draw them out clear from
between the warp threads, as is shewn in Figure 2, in order to have those
threads at liberty to be racked or shogged as is required, which being done,
the lockers are moved or turned downwards and towards the warp threads, so
as that the edges of their blades shall release the bobbins and carriages, and
descend out of the way thereof, as is shewn in Figure 3, in order that when
the bobbins and carriages b, d, are pushed in between the warp threads by the
driving bars E, E, they may pass over the said edges of the lockers without

page_text: interruption therefrom. The requisite motion is given to the two lockers 1, 1,
by means of the links 3, 3, which are connected by joint pins fixed in each
end of each locker at a suitable distance from their pivots or centres of motion
2, 2, and the other ends of the links 3 are jointed to the upper ends of two
small elbow levers 4, 4, which are fitted upon the same fixed centre pins I, I,
as other elbow levers H, HI, before mentioned, and small rollers or trucks 5
are filled into the ends of the short arms of the elbows 4, 4, in order to run
upon the circumferences of the locking wheels or carriers 6, which are fixed
upon the same main axis L as the driving camms K, K, before mentioned,
are fixed upon. The circumferences of the locking camms 6 are formed into
waves, which are curved with such deviations from the circular form as will
alternately raise and lower the said trucks, when the locking camms 6 aro
turned round with a continuous circular motion, at the same time as the
driving cams K, K, which are fastened upon the same axis L. The
alternating motion so given to the elbow levers 4, 4, being communicated by
the links 3, 3, to the lockers 1, 1, will turn those lockers backwards and
forwards about their respective pivots or centres of motion, from the positions
represented in Figure 3 to those positions represented in Figure 2, so as to
lock up or draw out the carriages clear from between the warp threads, when
required; and the curvature of the circumferences of the locking camms 6 is
adapted to perform those motions in such order and in such time as will
exactly correspond with the motions which are given by the driving canıms
K, K, to the driving bars E, E, as before mentioned, videlizit, that every time
when the driving bars have pushed the carriages between the warp threads, as
shewn in Figure 3, then the lockers 1, 1, shall assume the position there
shewn, so as to leave the carriages free to receive such driving motion from
the driving bars E, E; but as soon as the carriages are passed sufficiently
through between the threads, then by the continuous motion and peculiar
curvature of the locking camms 6, 6, the lockers 1, 1, are turned upwards,
so as to catch and draw out the carriages clear from between the warp
threads, in the manner shewn in Figure 2, and the lockers retain the
carriages in that position, completely locked up within the points of the
circles, whilst the said warp threads are racked or shogged sideways in a
proper manner, and then by the continuous motion and peculiar curvature of
the locking camms 6, 6, the lockers 1, 1, begin to turn back again or towards
the warp threads, in order to leave the carriage at liberty to be pushed in
between the warp threads by the driving bars E, E, in the manner shewn in
Figure 2. The pivots 2 at each end of each locking bar 1, 1, are fastened
in slots in cocks 7, 7, which are fastened by screws against the upright sides
of the brackets M, which brackets are screwed to the machine ends, and

page_text: project inwards therefrom in a suitable manner to support the ends of the
guide bars and of the warp roller in the usual manner of rotary lace machines.
The cocks 7, 7, can be set higher or lower at pleasure, and the pivots 2 can
be placed nearer to or farther from the warp threads, according as the position
of the lockers may require the pivots 2 to be adjusted, in order to enable the
blades or edges of the lockers to act in a proper manner on the carriages, as
herein-before described. If a rotary machine is made to weave bobbin or twist
net of great width, the length of the locker bars 1, 1, will be such as that
they may require to be supported in the middle. The manner of doing this
is shewn in Figure 3 where N, N, is the middle standard, which is erected
upon the side rails C, C, in order to support the circle bars D, D, at the
middle of their length, in the usual manner of wide rotary lace machines; and
8, 8, are small brackets, which are fastened to the uprights of this middle
standard N, in order to sustain and hear up the lockers 1, 1, in the middle of;
their length, and prevent them from sinking down or springing outwards from
the carriages. The small carriages 8, 8, admit of being fixed higher or lower,
or further in or further out from the warp threads, according as the position
of the lockers may require. The locking camms 6, 6, and their elbow levers
4, 5, may be applied at each end of the machine, in which case the locking
camms 6 must be fixed upon the extreme ends of of the same axis L as the
driving camms K are fixed upon, so as that the said locking camms 6 shall be
situated near to the machine end A, and withinside of the same. The elbows
4, 5, may then be fitted upon those ends of the centre pin I which project
through the machine end A withinside the machine. The links 3, 3, from
the elbows 4, to the lockers, will be situated near to the outside of the machine
end, in order to connect with the locking bars 1, 1, at each end thereof. Or,
if it be preferred, the axis L, on which the driving camms are fixed, may be
prolonged from one end of the machine within the same as far as to the
middle of its width, and there the locking camms 6, 6, may be fixed upon the
axis L, so as that one piece of such locking camms may serve for both ends of
the machine; and then, in place of the elbows 4, 5, short arms like 5 must be
fixed upon the middle of two long horizontal axes, which extend all the width
of the machine, in the place of the centre pins I, I, at each end thereof, and
upright arms 4, 4, must be fixed upon each end of the said long axes I, I,
to connect by links 3, 3, with the pivots 2, at each end of each locker 1, 1.
The said long horizontal axis I, I, must be sustained in suitable bearings
screwed to the side rails C, C, of the frame. The particular forms and
curvatures of the driving camms K, K, and of the locking camms 6, 6, are
represented in the Drawings; but those forms may be varied at the discretion
of the machine maker, in order to produce that order or succession of move-

page_text: ments which is or may be required to be given to the bobbins and carriages,
for the purpose of weaving bobbin or twist net by double-tier rotary machines,
but in all cases the curvatures of the locking camms 6, 6, must be formed
with such relation to the curvatures of the driving camms K, K, as that the
motions which are thereby communicated to the lockers 1, 1, shall only
correspond with the motions which are given to the driving bars E, E, by
the driving camms K, in order that the lockers and driving bars may operate
on the carriages with a proper alternate and reciprocal action, in the manner
before described. And as to the dimensions and proportions of the parts of
the machinery which is constructed according to my improvements as herein-
before described, they may be found by measuring the Drawing according
to the scale of feet and inches thereupon; but those dimensions admit of con-
siderable variations, according to the width of the bobbin or twist net which is
required to be woven, as is well known to the manufacturers of that article.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Riste, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Thirtieth day of November, One thousand eight hundred
and twenty-six.