CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING AND CHURNING MACHINES
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ephraim Taylor, of Blackburn, in the County, of Lancaster,
Engineer and Machinist, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
WASHING AND CHURNING MACHINES."
:
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ephraim Taylor at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 21st June 1877.
EPHRAIM TAYLOR, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer and
Machinist. "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING AND CHURNING MACHINES."
The first part of my Invention relates to washing clothes, and consists of a tub
placed horizontally in a suitable framework. Through the bottom of this tub in a
longitudinal direction I fix a shaft in suitable bearings, and on this shaft and inside
the tub rise vertical arms, on which arms I place a roller having an undulated or a
plane surface; or it may be made in separate parts. On the end of this shaft and
outside the tub I fix a small lever, which lever is connected to a stud fixed in a
toothed wheel situated near the top of the framework, and gears into another
toothed wheel placed on a longitudinal shaft, and on this shaft is a fly-wheel with
a suitable handle, by turning which the undulated roller inside the tub is caused to
rock on its axis, alternately pressing the clothes to the sides of the tub, and thereby,i
causing the clothes to be much more effectually cleaned than by any other known
process.
The second part of my improvements relate to the churning of milk or the
agitating of liquids, and instead of placing a longitudinal shaft through the bottom
of the above-named horizontal tub and framework I place or fix a longitudinal
shaft at or about its centre. On this shaft I place dashers at right angles, which
when put in motion by the handle on the end of the shaft causes the milk or other
fluid to flow more rapidly from one side of the tub to the other.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Ephraim Taylor in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st December
1877.
EPHRAIM TAYLOR, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer and
Machinist. "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN WASHING AND CHURNING MACHINES."
My Invention for certain improvements in washing and churning machines, has
for its object the simplifying of the working parts of said machines."
And in order that my improvements may be more fully understood, I will proceed
to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being had to the figures
and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is an external front view; Fig. 2 is an external end view; and Figure 3
is a transverse section of my improved churn.
Fig. 6 is an external end view, and Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view of
my improved washing machine.
The first part of my improvements to be explained relates to the washing of
cloths or clothes, and for this purpose I construct a vessel or tub, and by preference
of a circular shape a, Figs. 5 and 6; the said tub is then fitted into a suitable
framework in a horizontal position as shown at b, Figs. 5 and 6. When so fitted
I fix internally, and in a longitudinal position at the bottom of the said tub, a
shaft c, Figs. 5 and 6. On this shaft I fix two vertical arms d, d, Figs. 5 and 6;
these vertical arms are for the purpose of supporting an undulated or plain roller e,
Figs. 5 and 6. The shaft c is fixd in suitable bearings at each end of the tub a,
the shaft c, arms d, d, and roller e having been fitted, as seen at Figs. 5 and 6,
I pour into the said tub as much water as will cover the roller e. I then put the
cloths to be washed into water in the tub. I then proceed to give motion to the
said roller e, and for this purpose I require the shaft c to project a suitable distance
through one end of the tub a to allow a lever f, Figs. 5 and 6, to be fixed thereon;
this lever fis connected with another lever g by means of a coupling rod h, Fig. 6;
this coupling rod h can also be worked on a stud in a wheel to give a similar
motion. When so arranged, and the tub being supplied with washing materials,
the operator takes hold of the lever g, Figs. 5 and 6, and by lifting and depressing
said lever g, the roller e is caused to radiate on its axis shaft c from i to.j, Fig. 6, so
that at every stroke of the lever g, the clothes are pressed to the sides of the tub a
alternately. By this means cloths can be washed or cleaned in a much shorter time,
with considerably less labour, and without any danger of wearing or tearing the
cloths so washed, however delicate.
My second improvement relates to the churning of milk or the agitateing of
liquids, and for this purpose I construct a vessel or tub on the same principle as for
my washing machine. a¹, Figs. 1, 2, 3, is a tub so constructed and fitted into
framework 61, 6'; through the centre of this tub I fix a shaft c¹, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4;
on said shaft I place flaps or wings at right angles d', Figs. 2, 3, 4, the shaft c¹
being placed in suitable bearings, and the flaps or wings having been fitted on as
shown at Figs. 2 and 3; also detached at Fig. 4. The tub can then be filld
or partly filld with milk or other liquid to be agitated or churned. When so filld
or partly filld motion is imparted to the flaps or wings by the operator taking hold
of the handle e¹ on wheel f¹, Figs. 1 and 3, and turning said wheel either way,
causes the flaps or wings to rotate. The milk or any other fluid is caused to
flow more rapidly from side to side than by any other known means, and by this
means butter is produced in a much shorter time and consequently of a much better
quality.
Having thus fully described and explained my Invention for certain improve-
ments in washing and churning machines, and the manner of carrying the same.
into practical effect, I wish it to be particularly understood that I claim as my
Invention,-
First. The manner of constructing and applying-the undulating or plain roller
inside a tub for washing cloths, as shown and described.

page_text: Secondly. The manner of constructing the flaps or wings on a shaft for churning
milk or agitateing liquids, as shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ephraim Taylor, have hereunto set my band
and seal, this Nineteenth day of December, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness to the signature of the
said Ephraim Taylor,
JOHN KNOWLES,
Machinist,
Blackburn.
EPHRAIM TAYLOR. (L.S.)