Improvements in or Connected with Apparatus for Distilling, Condensing, Heating, Cooling and Extracting Operations.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Oct., 1886
Complete Left, 27th July, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 30th Aug., 1887.
Improvements in or Connected with Apparatus for Distilling,
Condensing, Heating, Cooling and Extracting Operations.
I, ISIDOR BERNHARDI of Leipsic in the Kingdom of Saxony, German Empire,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to Improvements in or connected with apparatus employed in
distilling condensing and extracting processes and the said Improvements are partly
applicable to apparatus used in effecting an interchange of temperature between fluid
or solid bodies, for other heating or cooling purposes.
In carrying out the said Invention, I employ coolers or condensers, provided with
parallel pendent hollow partitions or pockets of concentric circular or other form
alternating with other solid or hollow partitions whereby the cooling or heating
agent is caused to follow a zigzag path and is brought in contact with a very extended
cooling or beating surface which may be arranged to produce a uniform or equal
action at all parts or to act more energetically at certain parts than at others. Means
are also provided for drawing off the products of condensation at different stages of
the process or otherwise. The condenser is provided with a removeable bottom in
combination with a collector, communicating with orifices through which the products
may be drawn off.
In order to uniformly distribute liquids in distilling or like processes, I employ
vessels, the bottoms of which being perforated or composed of filtering material are
covered with fibrous material, sponge or the like, through which the liquid is caused to
percolate and from which it falls in drops.
In certain cases the products of condensation or a portion thereof are returned
direct to the boiler, through the hollow sides of intermediate vessels, the said hollow
sides being filled with spongy or porous materials acting on the liquid by capillary
attraction or the said vessels may be constructed with corrugated or ribbed sides with
the object of returning products of condensation to the boiler. The materials that
are subjected to the extracting process may be contained in a vessel having a solid or
hollow bottom so arranged as to collect the saturated or simple products of condensa-
tion in order to maintain the said materials free from steam or vapour, but at the same

page_text: time to present a free outlet for the escape of the products of condensation, through
a tube with a liquid seal and to permit steam to be introduced direct through a suitable
pipe into the mass of materials when required. Means are provided for collecting
the products or solutions resulting from condensing or extracting processes in a fixed
or moveable vessel, arranged in the interior of the apparatus in such a manner as to
enable these products to he removed without bringing them into contact with the air
and without interrupting the working. The cooling or condensing vessel may be
suspended from an overhead carriage travelling on rails connected with mechanism
whereby the said rails can be elevated or inclined so as to remove or replace the said
vessel from or on the other part of the apparatus by lifting or tilting the said rails.
In order to make a hermetic or airtight joint between the condenser and the distilling
or extracting part of the apparatus I provide the said condenser with a pendent rim,
flange or projection which when the condenser is in position enters a corresponding
trough or recess in the support containing mercury or other suitable liquor and
forming a liquid seal.
a
A convenient arrangement of apparatus for distilling and extracting provided with
means for condensing the gases and vapours is next hereinafter described by way of
showing how my Invention may be practically carried out. The steam or vapour
from a boiler or pan at the lower part of the apparatus ascends through the perforated
bottom of a chamber containing materials to be treated or the said steam or vapour
may be caused to circulate externally around this chamber or it may be conducted
directly to a cooling or condensing apparatus which forms an important feature of the
Invention. This apparatus consists of a cylindrical case provided with a series of
hollow pendent pockets forming concentric annular spaces closed at the bottom and
extending nearly to the bottom of the case or chamber. The pockets contain the
cooling agent which may be supplied to each pocket independently or by a conduit
common to all the pockets. Annular partitions solid (or hollow for the reception of
cooling agent) extending from the bottom of the chamber nearly to the cover are
arranged alternately with the annular pockets and compel the steam gases or vapours
that are to be condensed to flow in a thin stream in contact with the cooling surface
of the pockets. These partitions may be dispensed with in certain cases. The direction
of the flow of the said steam gases or vapours may be from the circumference of the
cylinder to the centre or vice versa and the products of condensation formed by the
action of each pocket may be collected and drawn off separately or otherwise. The
uncondensed gases or vapours may be allowed to escape through a suitable opening
which when they are to be completely or almost completely condensed is provided with
a loaded valve. The same principle of condensing may be carried out with pendent
hollow coating pockets of any other suitable form. For example they may be of
triangular form in section and be arranged transversely in a rectangular chamber in
which case they are preferably in the form of a right angled triangle in transverse
section and are so arranged that the entering gases or vapours first flow down the
perpendicular or vertical sides and then ascend along the inclined sides of the said
triangles. Vertical partitions extending from the bottom nearly to the top of the
chamber are employed in order to compel the gases or vapours to pass in close
proximity to the cooling surfaces of the pockets and the bottoms of the spaces between
these partitions are suitable inclined in order to facilitate the escape of the products.
In certain cases where it is desired to discharge the products in the form of drops the
condensing surfaces are provided with wires from which the products are allowed to
drip.
The chamber containing the materials to be subjected to the extracting process is
advantageously constructed with a series of superposed cylinders having hollow sides
so as to prevent the heat of the steam or vapour from traversing the same and each
cylinder is provided with a perforated bottom upon which the materials are loosely
deposited. If desired a portion of the products from the condenser or cooler may be
caused to circulate in the hollow sides of the said cylinders.
The products of condensation saturated with extract are collected in a funnel shaped
receiver at the lower part of the chamber whence they are withdrawn or discharged in

page_text: any suitable manner-This receiver is connected with a pipe through which steam
may be blown directly through the contents of the chamber when required.
In order to enable samples of the products to be taken without admitting air or
interrupting the working an inclined shoot is pivoted under an overflow pipe so as to
intercept a portion of the products and enable them to be drawn off from a tap.
When not in use this shoot is turned over or upside down so as not to interfere with
the descent of the products.
Coils of perforated or other tubes may be combined with the apparatus constructed
as hereinbefore described for the purpose of promoting the extracting and washing
action and closely coiled tubes forming hollow or cellular cylinders or partitions may
be substituted for the hollow partitions or pockets herein before described for containing
the cooling Agent. It is evident that the same principles of construction are equally
applicable to apparatus for heating purposes by causing heating gases or flames to
circulate through the apparatus and impart heat to fluid or solid matters without
coming in direct contact therewith.
ليوم
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincolns Inn Fields, W.C.,
Agent for said I. Bernhardi.

page_text: Condensing, Heating, Cooling and Extracting Operations.
I ISIDOR BERNHARDI of Leipsic in the Kingdom of Saxony German Empire
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this Invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention relates to improvements in or connected with apparatus employed in
distilling condensing and extracting processes and the said improvements are partly
applicable to apparatus used in effecting an interchange of temperature between fluid
or solid bodies for other heating or cooling purposes.
By means of the apparatus hereinafter described the following advantages are
obtained namely.
1. A regular condensation of the gases aud vapours resulting from the employment
of a new system of cooling the distinguishing features of which are that the largest
possible amount of cooling surface is provided in a given space and that the cooling
or condensing action can be regulated according to the object in view means being
provided for regulating or modifying the action either throughout the entire surface
at once or at given parts thereof only.
2. It enables the gases and vapours to be directed along a definite path whereby
they are subjected to the regulated or adjustable condensation hereinbefore
referred to.
3. The more or less volatile products of condensation are enabled to be removed
separately as well as the solutions resulting from the extracting or washing processes
apart from the dissolving agent without allowing any air to enter the apparatus or
interrupting the progress of the operation.
4. The spaces in the cooler which are traversed by the gases and vapours are not
liable to become choked or obstructed being so constructed as to admit of being readily
taken to pieces and cleaned.
5. The process of extraction is enabled to be more uniformly and completely
performed owing to the favourable distribution of the dissolving agent throughout the
materials to be extracted.
6. The extraction is enabled to be effected with dissolving agents at varying degrees
of heat or directly by means of gas and vapour.
7. Samples of the product can be taken at all times or stages of the process without
interrupting the working so as to enable the extent to which the extracting process
has proceeded to be ascertained with the utmost precision.
8. The improved arrangements enable the dissolving agents remaining in the
material during the extraction process and which it may be desirable to recover for
reuse to be readily separated and recovered without opening the apparatus.

page_text: 9. The lifting or elevating mechanism constructed for the apparatus enables the
latter to be readily emptied and filled and the employment of a double case or jacket
filled with liquid around the extracting or distilling chamber enables the external air
to be entirely excluded a downwardly extended edge or rim of the cooler being caused
to dip into this liquid as hereinafter explained.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed sheet of drawings the same letters of reference indicating
corresponding parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in vertical section an example
of an improved distillating and extracting apparatus constructed according to this
Invention with means for cooling or condensing the gases and vapours and Figure 2
is a plan of the same.
The lower part of this apparatus is provided with a pan or boiler A and the steam
or vapours generated in this boiler or chamber may be caused to permeate the
material under treatment which is placed upon a perforated horizontal plate e or may
simply circulate around a vessel or chamber B containing the said materials or again
the said steam or vapours may be caused to pass directly to the upper part of the
apparatus where they enter a cooler or condenser C forming an important part of the
Invention.
In the apparatus illustrated in the drawing the cooler C is arranged directly upon
the distilling and extracting apparatus (A B) in such a manner as to form an air
tight cover for the chamber B. This cooler C consists of a series of concentric
annular pendent pockets a gradually contracting in size or diameter towards the centre.
Each pocket or compartment is supplied independently with the requisite cooling
agent so that the condensing action of each pocket is independent of the others and
thus enables the distilling and condensing action to be regulated fractionally to
any desired extent or as a whole according to circumstances.
In order to cause the gases and vapours that are to be condensed to circulate in the
required direction so that they may be spread out over and brought into intimate
contact with the cooling surfaces and to ensure the successive or fractional condensing
of the said gases and vapours and to enable the products of each such fractional
condensing to be removed separately the cooling chamber C is provided with a solid
or unperforated bottom 6 and vertical partitions 62 arranged in the annular spaces
between the pockets hereinbefore described extend from the bottom nearly to the
upper part of the space between the said pockets. By means of this arrangement the
gases and vapours are caused to flow alternately upwards and downwards along the
sides of the pockets and are thus brought into intimate contact with all the pockets in
succession. The products of the condensation are immediately removed from contact
with the gases and vapours so that the most advantageous action is obtained from the
cooling agent in each successive pocket. In the circular cooler illustrated in the
drawing the entering and hottest gases and vapours are caused to pass first over or in
contact with the pocket having the largest diameter and consequently the largest
extent of cooling surface which effects the first stage of the cooling or condensing
process. The condensing action then progressively diminishes in direct proportion as
the volume of the gases and vapours decreases the superficial area of the pockets
becoming smaller and smaller in the same proportion as the gases and vapours
approach the centre of the apparatus. The less volatile parts of the gases and
vapours are thus condensed by the first pocket the liquid products of the condensation
being deposited in the first or outside annular compartment of the cooler and in
proportion as the remaining gases and vapours draw nearer to the centre or discharge
orifice of the cooler the more volatile products are deposited in the succeeding
compartments. The compartments between the partitions 6 are in communication
one with the other or are connected with separate discharge orifices according to it is
desired to draw off the products together or separately. The most volatile or uncon-
densed gases and vapours escape through a central tube D and may be subsequently
subjected separately to a further condensing process in a second cooler.

page_text: When the cooler is required to effect the total condensation of the gases and vapours
it is provided with a single inlet orifice y at the centre for the admission of the gases
and vapours and at the circumference with a safety valve k as indicated in figure 3
of the drawings.
The pockets in the cooler may be arranged otherwise than concentrically or as
illustrated in vertical section in Figure 4. In this case the gases or vapours enter
at at one and of the rectangular case in front of the first pocket of the series and
circulate through the apparatus flowing alternately downwards along the vertical
sides a² of the pockets a and upwards along the inclined sides a¹ as indicated by the
arrows being caused to follow this zig-zag path by the action of transverse partitions b²
arranged between the pockets. This cooler is divided horizontally into two separable
parts and the bottom 6 to which the partitions 62 are attached is provided with a series
of inclined surfaces 6' to facilitate the escape of the products of the condensation.
These products trickle down the sides of the pockets a and if it be desired to collect
them in the form of drops the drops may be prevented from running together by
means of wires attached to the sides of the pockets at suitable intervals and extending
from the upper to the lower part in such a manner as to form a species of partition.
Two of the pockets a on the right hand side of the condenser in Figure 1 are provided
with wires a³ according to this arrangement.
The products of condensation collected in the separate chambers or compartments
formed between the partitions 62 may be discharged by suitably arranged pipes being
drawn off separately as indicated at 63 Figure 4 or the contents of each chamber may
be collected in one common receptacle such as a perforated pipe d Figure 1 from
which they may be caused to fall in drops on to materials under treatment. In the
latter case an overflow pipe is provided in order to prevent excessive accumulation of
products of condensation underneath the pockets.
The vessel B figure 1 containing the materials subjected to the extraction process
may be advantageously replaced by a column such as that illustrated in Figure 5.
This column contains a series of trays or receptacles B¹ B2 with perforated or sieve like
bottoms s¹² permanently or otherwise attached to the sides of the receptacles B¹ B².
The materials under treatment being spread out on these trays the extraction is
facilitated. The sides of the trays or receptacles B1 B2 may be made double or
hollow being filled with non-conducting materials or with spongy materials in order
to return the products of condensation from the cooler to the boiler and being so
constructed that the gases and vapours ascending at the sides of the column lose
little or none of their heat by transferring it to the contents of the said trays.
If required for the sake of obtaining a better cooling effect a portion of the
products of condensation returning from the cooler may be returned to the boiler A
being caused to circulate in the hollow sides of the trays or when solid sides are
employed the said products may be caused to flow down the exterior of the trays in
which case the sides are preferably provided with longitudinal ribs or projections.
The extent to which the materials under treatment are heated is thus rendered
dependent on the action of the cooler. Underneath the calcium the ascending vapours
can be excluded by a tightly fitting hopper shaped bottom or collector of the products
of condensation saturated with extract are collected on this bottom whence they can
be drawn off or transferred to an evaporating vessel. A pipe g is provided for the
escape of the liquid collected on the bottom or collector f being in the form of an
inverted siphon forming a hydraulic real as indicated in the drawing.
A steam pipe f¹ is passed through the bottom from below and enables steam to be
blown directly into the space above the bottom and to be forced through the materials
immediately after the completion of the extraction process whereby the dissolving
agent is forced upwards and discharged through the cooler which is now filled with
heated water the products being subsequently recovered by treatment in a separate
cooler.
In order to enable the products of condensation to be drawn off from the distilling
and extracting apparatus without interrupting the manufacture whether the said
products are to act upon materials under treatment or not å receptacle is employed

page_text: which may be either fixed or capable of revolving on its axis and which is capable of
receiving a suitable quantity of the falling liquid for the purpose of drawing off the
same as required.
As indicated in the drawings (figures 1 and 5) this receptacle consists of a wide
shoot or gutter n which receives the liquid discharged through the over flow pipe g
communicating with the space above the collector and terminates in a narrow tube i
provided with a stop cock. This trough or gutter is preferably arranged to revolve
upon its longitudinal axis so that in ordinary working it can be turned over or placed
bottom upwards in which position the liquid simply falls into the pan or boiler A.
When it is desired to draw off the whole or a part of the liquid it is simply
necessary to cause the gutter to describe half a revolution thereby bringing its open
side upmost thus enabling samples or prepared produce to be drawn off as required.
As the gutter extends across the entire breadth of the apparatus it is enabled to
collect the liquid in sufficient quantities for samples even when the collector f with the
over flow pipe g is entirely removed or is replaced by a perforated plate supporting
the materials to be subjected to the washing or extracting operation.
A modified arrangement is shown in figure 10. In this instance the overflow
pipe is connected with or replaced by a pipe leading from the funnel shaped
receiver or collector and connected by means of a three way cock 2 and a glass
tube having the cock with a pipe establishing communication with the discharge
pipe D' of the boiler A at a point above the cock of the said pipe D¹ the pipe & being also
provided with a three way cock. The cock is connected with a steam supply f2
which also communicates with the cock and is provided with taps or cocks f³ and f*.
The cocks and have their ways or passages so arranged as to allow communication
to be established firstly between the bottom of the collector or receiver fand the bottom of
the boiler A through the glass tube 3 cock pipe and discharge pipe D-under these
conditions the condensed liquid is discharged into the Boiler A; secondly, between
the upper space of the boiler and the space above the collector f beneath the
chamber B in order to conduct into the latter the vapours evolved from the liquid
contained in the boiler and; thirdly, between the steam supply f2, the space above
the collector beneath the chamber B and the boiler A so that steam may be supplied
to the chamber B alone or simultaneously to this chamber and to the underside of
the receiver f. In order to permit the latter communication to be properly
established the discharge pipe D is screw threaded around its upper part or provided
with equivalent means for fixing thereon a pipe extending through the liquid
contained in the boiler as indicated by dotted lines.
As will be readily understood from this figure the condensed liquid which collects
in the receiver or collector fin flowing from 2 to is rendered visible in the glass 3
so as to show its condition without the necessity of drawing off any liquid. If this
inspection should not suffice samples may be taken by opening the cock *. This cock
may also be used for discharging or clearing purposes.
In case the liquid employed in the extraction or washing process is not required to
be recovered or to be drawn off from the apparatus as a pure product of condensation
the bottom & figure 1 with the partitions and conduits can be dispensed with. The
products of condensation collected on the surfaces of the pockets then drip directly
on to and wash and act upon the materials in the vessel B.
The bottom 6 with the partitions can easily be made removable so that the cooler
may be worked with or without this part of the apparatus.
When the bottom b is used in combination with a perforated pipe or worm for
extracting and washing and it is found that the perforated pipe or other vessel
employed in substitution therefor does not effect a sufficiently regular distribution of
the liquid over the material under treatment, it will suffice to let the products of
condensation run direct from the separating and cooling pockets or through the
perforated pipe or other vessel in sufficient quantity on to or into a vessel arranged
underneath and provided with a sieve like bottom. This vessel must be prepared by
placing inside it some fibrous substance not liable to injuriously affect the materials

page_text: under treatment such for example as woven norous material in alternate layers with
sponge.
The latter takes up the liquid directly becoming completely saturated therewith and
afterwards as a further quantity flows in distributes it uniformly over the sieve like
bottom whence it escapes through the perforations or interstices or through a cloth
laid upon the bottom being thus caused to fall in regularly distributed drops on to
the materials under treatment.
The cooler C may be modified as to the form and arrangement of the pockets and
the width of the spaces between the pockets and partitions may vary in the same
cooler. Moreover the cooler or condenser may be combined in one apparatus with the
distilling and extracting chambers or may be simply connected therewith by tubes or
pipes without affecting or departing from the principle of the invention.
The cooling pockets a may be made of various forms being made wider at the upper
part than at the lower or vice versa. The sides of the pockets may be corrugated as
indicated on the right hand of Figure 1 or a spirally coiled pipe whose convolutions
are laid one over the other may be employed in place of this arrangement. The
cooling agent being caused to circulate in this pipe escaping at upper end.
In this case the convolutions must fit closely together so that there may be no openings
in the pocket thus constituted. These pockets made with tubes must also be connected
to the cover above the partitions 6². In refrigerators condensers or coolers of other
than circular formı various arrangements of straight tubes may evidently be employed
in place of the pockets.
An annular or parallel arrangement of the pockets and partitions is employed
according as the cooler or condenser is of circular or angular form.
The principle of the invention remains the same whether the gases and vapours be
caused to enter the cooler at the centre thereof and proceed thence towards the
circumference or whether the reverse arrangement be employed or whether they be
caused to enter and leave the cooler at the upper or at the lower part of the side or
whether they be caused to flow upwards and downwards repeatedly or are allowed to
circulate in contact with single straight or curved pockets only or with several such
pockets connected together or whether the cooler be entirely or partially closed
according to requirements either at the upper part where the cooling agent is intro-
duced or at the lower part to confine the vapours. The cooler may also be provided
with an orifice for the admission only of the gases and vapours which in this case are
completely condensed in the interior of the apparatus. The partitions &² may be made
hollow as indicated in figure 6 and a cooling medium may then be caused to circulate
in their interior whereby the cooling action may be augmented.
One of the most important advantages of this cooler or condenser is that it allows
the products of condensation to be separated from the gases and vapours as fast as
they are deposited so that these products do not require to remain in the apparatus
until the condensation is complete. A still more important peculiarity of this appa-
ratus is that it enables the products of the condensation to be removed directly they
assume the form or condition of drops and also enables the products of different degrees
of volatility and which are more or less readily condensed to be collected separately or
all together as required.
For the purpose of drawing off the products of condensation from the condensor
having a detached or removable bottom 6 figure 7 gutters o are provided internally on
the lower part of the sides. Pipes or siphons p discharge the products of condensation
from between the partitions 62 into these gutters whence they are drawn off as required
through a cock or cocks q.
Figure 8 of the drawing represents an arrangement which enables the condenser C
to be readily removed from and replaced on the boiler or other evaporating extracting
or distilling apparatus in case it is required to be temporarily placed directly over such
apparatus. With this object the cooler is suspended from a carriage l which is free to
move upon a rail m hinged to a fixed support m¹. To the free end of this rail is
attached one arm of a lever n having its fulcrum at n². When the other arm of this

page_text: lever is depressed the other arm raises the end of the rail / together with the carriage
from which the condenser is suspended. The carriage then runs down the incline
formed by this tilting of the rail and carries the cooler or condenser C sideways until
it is clear of the chamber B. When the lever is released the rail descends and the
carriage runs back returning the condenser to its original position.
In order to enable a tight joint to be made without the use of bolts or the like the
cover of the upper part or the condenser itself is made with a depending rim or ring c¹
as indicated in figure 9 and the lower part is made with a corresponding annular
pocket or recess c² containing quicksilver and water or other liquid or liquids in which
the said ring c¹ is immersed when the condenser is placed in position.
It is evident that the action of the condensing or cooling apparatus herein before
described may be reversed that is to say that it may be used for heating purposes the
solid or other materials to be heated being placed in the pockets a and being heated by
hot gases or vapours or other heating media circulating between the said pockets and
the partitions h.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is
First: The improvements in or connected with apparatus for distilling condensing
heating cooling and extracting operations consisting (a) in the employment of coolers
or condensers provided with pendant pockets arranged concentrically or parallel to one
another and admitting of the cooling medium being supplied in various ways whereby
it is rendered possible to obtain a condensing action that is equally or uniformly
energetic throughout the apparatus or varies at different points or stages of the
process (b) in the employment of cooling or non cooling partitions between the afore-
said pockets for the purpose of causing the gases and vapours to follow a prearranged
path and at the same time bringing them into intimate contact with the entire cooling
surface and enabling the products of condensation to be drawn off either together or
separately and (c) in the arrangement of collecting gutters o in the condensers or
coolers with removeable bottoms 6 carrying the partitions which gutters enable the
liquid products of condensation from between the partitions to be drawn off through
orifices communicating with the said gutters all substantially as hereinbefore
described.
Second-The employment of an open or closed vessel the bottom of which is per-
forated or composed of a sieve like or filtering cloth upon which a suitable substance
for effecting a uniform distribution of the liquid such as fibres fibrous fabric sponge or
the like is placed, so that the liquid supplied to the vessel being distributed uniformly
over the entire surface of the said bottom percolates through the holes or interstices
and drips uniformly therefrom in a finely divided condition substantially as herein-
before described.
Third The employment of a series of trays or receptacles for the materials under
treatment the said trays or receptacles being provided with perforated or sieve like
bottoms and if required with double or hollow sides which may either be filled with
materials which form bad conductors of heat or with other materials such as sponge
so as to cause the products of condensation from the cooler to be conveyed by capillary
attraction direct to the boiler and assist in the cooling or may be made solid being
ribbed or corrugated externally so as to direct a portion of the products of con-
densation directly to the boiler with the same object substantially as hereinbefore
described.
Fourth-The employment of a solid or double bottom under the materials to be
subjected to the extraction process which bottom is adapted for collecting or receiving
the saturated or other products of condensation in order that the materials may be
kept free from vapours entering the apparatus at the lower part being arranged (1) to
allow of a free escape of the products of condensation through an over flow tube in the
form of an inverted syphon forming an hydraulic seal and (2) to enable steam to pass
direct from the exterior when required into the materials under treatment substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference to figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
B

page_text: Fifth The collecting of the solutions or products of condensation and extraction
in a fixed or revolving receptacle arranged inside the apparatus whereby the said
products are enabled to be withdrawn from the apparatus without admitting air to the
interior and without interrupting the progress of the operation substantially as herein-
before described with reference to figures 1 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Sixth-The arrangement for automatically removing the condenser or cooler C
wherein the said condenser or cooler is suspended from a carriage which is free to
travel upon a moveable rail m operated by a lever n substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to figure 8 of the accompanying drawing.
Seventh-Connecting the cover of the condenser or cooler with the other or lower
part of the apparatus by an air tight joint independently of bolts or like fastenings by
forming the cover or condenser or cooler with a pendant ring extending into a
corresponding pocket or receptacle formed on the sides of the lower part of the appa-
ratus and filled with one or more liquids not readily evaporated and not liable to
absorb the products of the condensation substantially as hereinbefore described with
reference to figure 9 of the accompanying drawings.
Eighth-In combination with the Chamber B the collector or receiver and the
boiler A the tube with the three way cock 2 leading from the said receiver and the
pipe with the three way cock conducting to the boiler A and the steam supply f
connected with the cocks and the pipes and or their respective cocks being
connected by a glass tube 3 provided with a discharge cock and the discharge
pipe D¹ from the boiler A being provided with means for connecting it to a
prolongation as and for the purposes hereinbefore described with reference to
figure 10 of the accompanying drawings.
:
Ninth The employment of the pockets referred to in the first claiming clause or
similar open or partially or wholly closed connected or separate pockets in combination
with the partitions also referred to in the said claiming clause for warming or heating
purposes, substances placed in the said pockets being heated by hot gases or vapours or
other suitable heating media circulating between the sides of the pockets and the
partitions substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated the 27th day of July 1887