IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO PRINTING AND FOLDING MACHINERY
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Duncan, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, and George Ashley Wilson, of the same Place, Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO PRINTING AND FOLDING
MACHINERY."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Duncan and George
Ashley Wilson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th
January 1879.
GEORGE DUNCAN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
GEORGE ASHLEY WILSON, of the same Place, Engineer.
APPLICABLE TO PRINTING AND FOLDING MACHINERY.'
"
This Invention relates to rotary web printing machinery, and has for its object
(a) to provide means when stereotype cylinders are used whereby a portion of the
paper may be printed direct from movable type, so that late items of news may be
inserted; (b) to provide means whereby, when cross folding devices aro used in
combiuntion with the printing apparatus, the sheets of paper may be conveyed to
such cross folding devices at an increased speed, so as to allow of a greater number
of sheets being folded in a given time; and (c) to provide means whereby carrying
tapes may be dispensed with in cross folding or delivering apparatus or
appliances.
In carrying our Invention into practice we proceed as follows:-
First. In addition to the stereotype cylinder or cylinders we employ one or more
cylinders of small diameter fitted or constructed to carry movable type. The said
type cylinder or cylinders are so arranged as to print and fill up a blank or blanks
left on each sheet by the stereotype cylinders. The movable type is not fixed rigidly
to the surface of the cylinders, but is so arranged as to be free to move to and from
the axis of such cylinder or cylinders, being held in position by a spring or springs,
and thus allow of a smaller cylinder or smaller cylinders being used than would be
the case if the type rigidly attached thereto. Instead of employing a spring or
springs to hold the movable type in contact with the impression cylinders during
the required time a cam or cams may be employed for this purpose. Instead of a

page_text: cylinder or cylinders being employed the movable type may receive motion from
rotating arms, carriers, or equivalent devices. Inking mechanism of the usual
construction is employed.
Second. We so arrange gripping rollers or equivalent mechanism that each sheet
of paper when travelling to the cross folding appliances shall be seized by the tail
or following edge and held stationary until it is forced between the cross folding
rollers, instead of having its motion arrested by means of the leading edge, thus
preventing buckling or doubling of the sheet and allowing of a greater speed being
obtained. Motion is given to the gripping rollers or their equivalents in any well
known or desired manner.
Third. We employ in combination two sets of cross folding apparatus placed one
behind the other, and by means of rising and falling tapes cause a sheet to be
delivered alternately to each set of folding apparatus. A stop or equivalent means
is employed to prevent the sheets intended for the first or nearer cross folding
apparatus travelling on to the second or more distant cross folding apparatus, and
a vibrating roller is employed to raise the tapes sufficiently to allow of each second
sheet passing the stop or its equivalent. When the two sheets are in position the
folding blades are caused to operate.
Fourth. We construct one of the rollers of cross folding or delivering apparatus
of large diameter, and cause the leading edge of an open or folded sheet to
pass between such roller and a small roller, the said sheet being caused to travel
around any desired portion of the circumference of the large roller by means of a
series of small rollers arranged around it. The sheets of paper are removed from
the large roller by means of a deflecting blade or its equivalent.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Duncan and George Ashley Wilson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 15th July 1879.
GEORGE DUNCAN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
GEORGE ASHLEY WILSON, of the same Place, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
APPLICABLE TO PRINTING AND FOLDING MACHINERY."
This Invention relates to rotary web printing machinery, and has for its object
(a) to provide means when stereotype cylinders are used whereby a portion of the
paper may be printed direct from movable type, so that late items of news may be
inserted; (b) to provide means whereby when cross folding devices are used in com-
bination with the printing apparatus the sheets of paper may be conveyed to such
cross folding devices at an increased speed, so as to allow of a greater number of
sheets being folded in a given time; and (c) to provide means whereby carrying
tapes may be dispensed with in cross folding or delivering apparatus or
appliances.
In carrying our Invention into practice we proceed as follows :—
First. In addition to the stereotype cylinder or cylinders we employ one or more
cylinders of small diameter fitted or constructed to carry moveable type. The said
type cylinder or cylinders are so arranged as to print and fill up a blank or blanks
left on each sheet by the stereotype cylinders. The moveable type is not fixed
regidly to the surface of the cylinders, but is so arranged as to bo free to move to
and from the axis as such cylinder or cylinders, being held in position by a spring
or springs, and thus allow of a smaller cylinder or smaller cylinders being used than
would be the case if the type were regidly attached thereto. Instead of employing
a spring or springs to hold the moveable type in contact with the impression
cylinders during the required time a cam or cams may be employed for this purpose.
Instead of a cylinder or cylinders being employed the moveable type may receivo
motion from rotating arms, carriers, or equivalent devices. Inking mechanism of
the usual construction is employed.
Second. We so arrange gripping rollers or equivalent mechanism that each sheet
of paper when travelling to the cross folding appliances shall be seized by the tail
or following edge and held stationary until it is forced between the cross folding
rollers, instead of having its motion arrested by means of the leading edge, thus
preventing buckling or doubling of the sheet and allowing of a greater speed being
obtained. Motion is given to the gripping rollers or their equivalents in any well
known or desired manner.
Third. We employ in combination two or more sets of cross folding apparatus
placed one behind the other, and by means of rising and falling tapes cause a
sheet to be delivered alternately to each set of folding apparatus. A stop or
equivalent means is employed to prevent the sheets intended for the first or nearer
cross folding apparatus travelling on to the second or more distant cross folding
apparatus, and a vibrating roller is employed to raise the tapes sufficiently to allow
of each second or other sheet passing the stop or its equivalent.
When the two or
more sheets are in position the folding blades are caused to operate.
Fourth. We construct one of the rollers of cross folding or delivering apparatus
of large diameter and cause the leading edge of an open or folded sheet to pass
between such roller and a small roller, the said sheet being caused to travel around
any desired portion of the circumference of the large roller by means of a series of
small rollers arranged around it. The sheets of paper are removed from the large
roller by means of a deflecting blade or its equivalent.

page_text: fitted and supplied with inking and other necessary appliances in any ordinary or
well know manner; 2, impression cylinder; 3, cylinder carrying moveable type;
4, 5, impression cylinder. Inking mechanism of any ordinary or desired character
is arranged to act on the surface of the type 4. The said type 4 is held in position
in a form which is free to slide in a groove 6, and is pressed against the impression
cylinder 5 by means of the springs 7. 8, web of paper passing in the direction
shown by the arrows. The type on 3 is used to fill up blanks left by the stereotype
secured on 1. Fig. 2 is a side elevation and Fig. 3 an end view of a modification
of type cylinder in which motion is given to the type whilst in contact with the
impression cylinder by means of the stationary cam 8, which acts on the rollers 9
secured to the slide frame 10 carrying the type 11. Fig. 4 illustrates the second
part of our Invention. The paper is here shown as coming from any desired printing
machine and travelling between tapes 12 to the cross folding appliances 13 of any
ordinary or suitable construction; 14, 15, are rollers so geared together that the
tail edge of each sheet is nipped between them at the desired time, and the sheet is
retained in position until the commencement of the folding action. Fig. 5 is a side
view illustrative of the third part of our Invention; 16, 17, 18 are three sets of
cross folding appliances; 19, 20, are stops for arresting the motion of the sheets of
paper in the desired position under each folding blade; 21 are tapes conveying the
sheets of paper to be folded; 22, 23, are rollers passing over and under the tapes
and attached to the vibrating arms 24. The arms 24 receive motion from any
suitable gearing, and are so timed as to their vibrations that they allow a sheet of
paper to alternately pass the stops 19, 20, and be arrested beneath the folding
appliances. The three sheets are then folded at the same time by the simultaneous
motion of the folding blades.
Fig. 6 illustrates the fourth part of our Invention; 25, cross folding roller of
large diameter; 27, small rollers; 28, folding blade; 29, deflecting blade for
removing the papers from off the surface of 25.
The various parts of the apparatus described and illustrated in the Drawings are
of usual construction, and the gearing together of the rollers, knives and other parts,
and the construction of the framework, will be well understood by those familiar
with printing and folding machines.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and illustrated the same
in such manner that others will be enabled to carry our improvements into effect,
we claim,―
First. Printing machines with one or more cylinders of small diameter carrying
moveable type, constructed, arranged, and operating substantially in the manner
and for the purpose set forth.
Second. Folding machines having apparatus for gripping the tail edge of the
sheets, constructed, arranged, and operating substantially in the manner and for the
purpose set forth.
Third. The combination of two or more sets of cross folding apparatus with
rising and folding tapes, arranged and operating substantially in the manner and
for the purpose set forth.
Fourth. Constructing cross folding and delivering apparatus substantially as set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Duncan, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy Dine.
GEORGE DUNCAN. (L.s.)

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Duncan, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Engineer, and George Ashley Wilson, of the same Place, Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND APPLICABLE TO PRINTING AND FOLDING
MACHINERY"
Sealed the 1st July 1879, and dated the 15th January 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Duncan and Georgo
Ashley Wilson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th
January 1879.
GEORGE DUNCAN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
GEORGE ASHLEY WILSON, of the same Place, Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
APPLICABLE TO PRINTING AND FOLDING MACHINERY."
This Invention relates to rotary web printing machinery, and has for its object
(a) to provide means when stereotype cylinders are used whereby a portion of the
paper may be printed direct from movable type, so that late itens of news may be
inserted; (b) to provide means whereby, when cross folding devices are used in
combination with the printing apparatus, the sheets of paper may be conveyed to
such cross folding devices at an increased speed, so as to allow of a greater number
of sheets being folded in a given time; and (c) to provide means whereby carrying
tapes may be dispensed with in cross folding or delivering apparatus or
appliances.
In carrying our Invention into practice we proceed as follows:—
First. In addition to the stereotype cylinder or cylinders we employ one or more
cylinders of small diameter fitted or constructed to carry movable type. The said
type cylinder or cylinders are so arranged as to print and fill up a blank or blanks
left on each sheet by the stereotype cylinders. The movable type is not fixed rigidly
to the surface of the cylinders, but is so arranged as to be free to move to and from
the axis of such cylinder or cylinders, being held in position by a spring or springs,
and thus allow of a smaller cylinder or smaller cylinders being used than would be
the case if the type rigidly attached thereto. Instead of employing a spring or
springs to hold the movable type in contact with the impression cylinders during
the required time a cam or cams may be employed for this purpose. Instead of a

page_text: cylinder or cylinders being employed the movablo type may receive motion from
rotating arms, carriers, or equivalent devices. Inking mechanism of the usual
construction is employed.
Second. We so arrange gripping rollers or equivalent mechanism that each sheet
of paper when travelling to the cross folding appliances shall be seized by the tail
or following edge and held stationary until it is forced between the cross folding
rollers, instead of having its motion arrested by means of the leading edge, thus
preventing buckling or doubling of the sheet and allowing of a greater speed being
obtained. Motion is given to the gripping rollers or their equivalents in any well
known or desired manner.
•
Third. We employ in combination two sets of cross folding apparatus placed one
behind the other, and by means of rising and falling tapes cause a sheet to be
delivered alternately to each set of folding apparatus. A stop or equivalent means
is employed to prevent the sheets intended for the first or nearer cross folding
apparatus travelling on to the second or more distant cross folding apparatus, and
a vibrating roller is employed to raise the tapes sufficiently to allow of each second
sheet passing the stop or its equivalent. When the two sheets are in position the
folding blades are caused to operate.
Fourth. We construct one of the rollers of cross folding or delivering apparatus
of large diameter, and cause the leading edge of an open or folded sheet to
pass between such roller and a small roller, the said sheet being caused to travel
around any desired portion of the circumference of the large roller by means of a
series of small rollers arranged around it. The sheets of paper are removed from
the large roller by means of a deflecting blade or its equivalent.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Duncan and George Ashley Wilson in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 15th July 1879.
GEORGE DUNCAN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer, and
GEORGE ASHLEY WILSON, of the same Place, Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN AND
APPLICABLE TO PRINTING AND FOLDING MACHINERY."
This Invention relates to rotary web printing machinery, and has for its object
(a) to provide means when stereotype cylinders are used whereby a portion of the
paper may be printed direct from movable type, so that late items of news may be
inserted; (b) to provide means whereby when cross folding devices are used in com-
bination with the printing apparatus the sheets of paper may be conveyed to such
cross folding devices at an increased speed, so as to allow of a greater number of
sheets being folded in a given time; and (c) to provide means whereby carrying
tapes may be dispensed with in cross folding or delivering apparatus or
appliances.
In carrying our Invention into practice we proceed as follows :—
First. In addition to the stereotype cylinder or cylinders we employ one or more
cylinders of small diameter fitted or constructed to carry moveable type. The said
type cylinder or cylinders are so arranged as to print and fill up a blank or blanks
left on each sheet by the stereotype cylinders. The moveable type is not fixed
regidly to the surface of the cylinders, but is so arranged as to be free to move to
and from the axis of such cylinder or cylinders, being held in position by a spring
or springs, and thus allow of a smaller cylinder or smaller cylinders being used than
would be the case if the type were regidly attached thereto. Instead of employing
a spring or springs to hold the moveable type in contact with the impression
cylinders during the required time a camp or cains may be employed for this purpose.
Instead of a cylinder or cylinders being employed the moveable type may receive
motion from rotating arms, carriers, or equivalent devices. Inking mechanism of
the usual construction is employed.
Second. We so arrange gripping rollers or equivalent mechanism that each sheet
of paper when travelling to the cross folding appliances shall be seized by the tail
or following edge and held stationary until it is forced between the cross folding
rollers, instead of having its motion arrested by means of the leading edgo, thus
preventing buckling or doubling of the sheet and allowing of a greater speed being
obtained. Motion is given to the gripping rollers or their equivalents in any well
known or desired manner.
Third. We employ in combination two or more sets of cross folding apparatus
placed one behind the other, and by means of rising and falling tapes cause a
sheet to be delivered alternately to each set of folding apparatus. A stop or
equivalent means is employed to prevent the sheets intended for the first or nearer
cross folding apparatus travelling on to the second or more distant cross folding
apparatus, and a vibrating roller is employed to raise the tapes sufficiently to allow
of each second or other sheet passing the stop or its equivalent. When the two or
more sheets are in position the folding blades are caused to operate.
Fourth. We construct one of the rollers of cross folding or delivering apparatus
of large diameter and cause the leading edge of an open or folded sheet to pass
between such roller and a small roller, the said shoet being caused to travel around
any desired portion of the circumference of the large roller by means of a series of
small rollers arranged around it. The sheets of paper are removed from the large
roller by means of a deflecting blade or its equivalent.

page_text: fitted and supplied with inking and other necessary appliances in any ordinary or
well known manner; 2, impression cylinder; 3, cylinder carrying moveable type;
4, 5, impression cylinder. Inking mechanism of any ordinary or desired character
is arranged to act on the surface of the type 4. The said type 4 is held in position
in a form which is free to slide in a groove 6, and is pressed against the impression
cylinder 5 by means of the springs 7. 8, web of paper passing in the direction
shown by the arrows. The type on 3 is used to fill up blanks left by the stereotype
secured on 1. Fig. 2 is a side elevation and Fig. 3 an end view of a modification
of type cylinder in which motion is given to the type whilst in contact with the
impression cylinder by means of the stationary cam 8, which acts on the rollers 9
secured to the slide frame 10 carrying the type 11. Fig. 4 illustrates the second
part of our Invention. The paper is here shown as coming from any desired printing
machine and travelling between tapes 12 to the cross folding appliances 13 of any
ordinary or suitable construction; 14, 15, are rollers so geared together that the
tail edge of each sheet is nipped between them at the desired time, and the sheet is
retained in position until the commencement of the folding action. Fig. 5 is a side
view illustrative of the third part of our Invention; 16, 17, 18 are three sets of
cross folding appliances; 19, 20, are stops for arresting the motion of the sheets of
paper in the desired position under each folding blade; 21 are tapes conveying the
sheets of paper to be folded; 22, 23, are rollers passing over and under the tapes
and attached to the vibrating arms 24. The arms 24 receive motion from any
suitable gearing, and are so timed as to their vibrations that they allow a sheet of
paper to alternately pass the stops 19, 20, and be arrested beneath the folding
appliances. The three sheets are then folded at the same time by the simultaneous
motion of the folding blades.
Fig. 6 illustrates the fourth part of our Invention; 25, cross folding roller of
large diameter; 27, small rollers; 28, folding blade; 29, deflecting blade for
removing the papers from off the surface of 25.
The various parts of the apparatus described and illustrated in the Drawings are
of usual construction, and the gearing together of the rollers, knives and other parts,
and the construction of the framework, will be well understood by those familiar
with printing and folding machines.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and illustrated the same
in such manner that others will be enabled to carry our improvements into effect,
we claim,―
First. Printing machines with one or more cylinders of small diameter carrying
moveable type, constructed, arranged, and operating substantially in the manner
and for the purpose set forth.
Second. Folding machines having apparatus for gripping the tail edge of the
sheets, constructed, arranged, and operating substantially in the manner and for the
purpose set forth.
Third. The combination of two or more sets of cross folding apparatus with
rising and folding tapes, arranged and operating substantially in the manner and
for the purpose set forth.
Fourth. Constructing cross folding and delivering apparatus substantially as set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Duncan, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One
1
GEORGE DUNCAN. (L.S.)