Improvements in or Apparatus for Connection and Disconnection of Gearing, particularly applicable to Driving Wheels with Double Gearing.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 22nd Nov., 1890
Complete Specification Left. 8th May. 1891-Accepted, 18th July, 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Apparatus for Connection and Disconnection of
Gearing, particularly applicable to Driving Wheels with Double
Gearing.
I, RAPHAEL SCHWEERS, of Danzig, Prussia, Architect do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus whereby gear wheels may be readily con-
nected and disconnected or thrown out of action in a rapid and certain manner such
being applicable for example to the driving or gear wheels of velocipedes and also
to other mechanism.
In order that my invention may be readily comprehended I will in the following
description describe one arrangement of its application to a rear driving velocipede
although it must be understood that it may equally be applied for other uses such
as connecting and disconnecting gearing on running shafting and other like
purposes.
Loose on the treadle shaft and at a short distance apart I mount two chain-
wheels and in each there is in the face thereof a socket provided with a spring bolt
which normally projects therefrom. Mounted on the shaft between the said chain
wheels there is a laterally sliding collar the shaft at this part being of elliptical
section or being provided with a mechanical equivalent on either side of the
sliding collar there is a grooved flange or a flange formed with holes, so that on the
sliding collar being slidden laterally, as hereafter described, the spring bolt of that
chain wheel will take into a groove on the said respective flange and that particular
chain-wheel will be locked to the shaft while the other chain wheel will run loose
and rice versa.
At or about the central part of the sliding collar and between the grooved flanges
there is a raised cylindrical part in which there is cut right and left handed helical
grooves.
Keyed to a rock shaft carried by the framework there are two levers with screw
shaped ends one of which (hereafter called lever A) goes into the right and the
other (hereafter called lever B) into the left worm of the sliding collar being so
arranged that when one lever is in gear the other is free. The lever A is fast,
and Bloose upon the rock shaft; there is also a third lever through which passes
the operating rod connected by a small double-armed lever with a sliding rod with
which the putting on of the chain-gear is effected.
The loose lever B is connected to the lever A by means of a spiral spring and its
distance from the lever A can be adjusted by a regulating screw.
Supposing the apparatus to be in position as though the right gear was in action
and consequently the right chain wheel held to the shaft; now the two levers A B
are not in the same plane, so that in this supposititious position the lever A will lie
in the space between one of the grooved flanges and one side of the cylindrical part
of the sliding collar and thus retains the latter in position.
When the other gear is to be brought into action the lever A is in the first place
to be taken out, and thereupon the tooth of the lever B put into its worm in the
cylindrical part of the sliding collar.
Both the levers A and B are worked by means of a pressure upon the connecting
rod sliding in a socket and provided with suitable stops.
The lever B is brought in the first place upon the circumference of the cylindrical
part of the sliding collar and upon the pushing back of the connecting rod is there-
after by the tension of the connecting spring pressed into the worm of the
cylindrical nart.

page_text: It is specially to be noted that upon transposing, a loosening of the connecting
rod is not necessary.
As soon as the lever B is pressed into the helical groove or worm and the sliding
collar is thereby pushed endwise into its second position, the one chain wheel is in
the first place detached, afterwards the other chain wheel attached.
The whole operation takes place absolutely without concussion and is very quickly
and almost imperceptibly effected.
If the position of the mechanism is to be placed again as in the commencement
of this description of the action, the connecting rod is operated. The lever A. is
thereupon pressed into the worm by means of the connecting spring and the sliding
collar is by the action of the tooth in the worm again brought into the old
position.
In some cases the sliding collar may be replaced by a dovetail or V-shaped
projection set in a sleeve shaft, the shifting of which is effected by the action of the
chamfers on the levers A and B or rice versa.
Instead of employing circular flanges formed with holes in the face thereof or
grooved around the periphery for the spring bolts to take into, the said flanges may
be only partially circular or a single arm on each side of the sliding collar may
take the place of the grooved flanges and be provided with a hole or a groove, and
.the edges thereof may be chamfered or sloped so that the spring-bolts will glide
upon the inclined surfaces and can then enter the openings.
It is clear that the spring bolts can be equally well set in the sliding collar or in
the dovetail or V-shaped projection and the chain wheels may be provided with or
be without sloping attachment-openings.
Dated this 22nd day of November 1890.
RAPHAEL SCHWEERS.
By Brewer & Son,
33, Chancery Lane, London.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or Apparatus for Connection and Disconnection of
Gearing, particularly applicable to Driving Wheels with Double
Gearing.
I, RAPHAEL SCHWEERS, of Danzig, Prussia, Architect, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to apparatus whereby gear wheels may be readily
connected and disconnected or thrown out of action in a rapid and certain manner
such being applicable for example to the driving or gear wheels of velocipedes and
also to other mechanism.
In order that my invention may be readily comprehended I will in the following
description, having reference to the accompanying drawings, describe one arrange-
ment of its application to a rear driving velocipede although it must be understood
that it may equally be applied for other uses such as connecting and disconnecting
gearing on running shafting and other like purposes.
cigare represents an arrangement of apparatus constructed according to my
invention in sectional elevatiou especially showing the pedal shaft and parts
connected therewith, and also showing the connections to the handle bar.
Figure 2 is a vertical section transversely of Figure 1 and on the 'line y
thereof.
Figure 3 is a plan of the handle bar connections.
Figure 4 is a general side elevation'showing my apparatus applied to a velocipede
of "safety" type.
Figures 5 to 13 show arrangements and details of my apparatus as hereafter
mentioned

page_text: a,
Loose on the treadle shaft and at a short distance apart, I mount two chain
wheels a¹ and in each there is in the face thereof a socket provided with a spring
bolt, the said bolts marked respectively m m' normally projecting from the faces of
the chain wheels. Mounted on the shaft between the said chain wheels a, a' there
is a laterally sliding collar o the shaft at this part being of elliptical section or
being provided with a mechanical equivalent. On either side of the sliding collar o
there is a grooved flange, or a flange o' o' formed with holes such as is clearly
shown in detached side elevation at Figure 6, so that on the sliding collar o being
slidden laterally, as hereafter described, the spring bolt m or m² of one or other
chain wheel a, a', will take into a groove on the said respective flange o' and that
particular chain-wheel will be locked to the shaft while the other chain wheel will
run loose and vice versa.
At or about the central part of the sliding collar o and between the grooved
flanges oo there is a raised cylindrical part in which there is cut right and left
handed helical grooves.
"
Mounted on a rock shaft carried by the framework there are two levers with
screw shaped ends, one of which (hereafter called lever r) goes into the right and
the other (hereafter called lever ) into the left worm of the sliding collar o, being
so arrange that when one lever is in gear the other is free. The lever is fast,
and loose upon the rock shaft; there is also a third lever & through the end of
which passes the operating rod connected by a small double armed lever
with a
sliding rod with which the putting on of the chain-gear is effected.
The loose lever is connected to the lever by means of a spiral spring ↳ and
its distance from the lever » can be adjusted by a regulating screw t.
Supposing the apparatus to be in position as though the right gear was in action
and consequently if sitting on the machine the right chain wheel a held to the shaft;
now the two levers rare not in the same plane so that in this supposititious
position the lever will lie in the space n between one of the grooved flanges o',
and one side of the cylindrical part of the sliding collar o and thus retain the latter
in position and prevents lateral motion.
When the other gear is to be brought into action the lever is in the first place
to be taken out, and thereupon the tooth of the lever put into its worm in the
cylindrical part of the sliding collar o.
Both the levers and are worked by means of a pressure upon the connecting
rod y sliding in a guiding socket e, and provided with suitable stops i.
The lever is brought in the first place upon the circumference of the cylindrical
part of the sliding collar o, and upon the pushing back of the connecting rod is
thereafter by the elasticity of the connecting spring b, pressed into the worm of the
cylindrical part o.
It is specially to be noted that upon transposing, a loosening of the connecting
rod is not necessary.
As soon as the lever is pressed into the helical groove or worm and the sliding
collar o is thereby pushed end wise or Interally into its second position, the one
chain wheel is in the first place detached, afterwards the other chain-wheel
attached.
The whole operation takes place absolutely without concussion and is very
quickly and almost imperceptibly effected.
If the position of the mechanism is to be placed again as in the commencement
of this description of the action, the rod 9 is operated. The lever is thereupon
pressed into the worin and the sliding collar o is by the action of the tooth in the
worm again brought into the old position.
Instead of connecting the movable lever (upon the shaft v) by a spring / with
the lever r, the two levers r and may be in the form of a bell-crank lever, such
as in the arrangement shown at Figure 5, where the said bell crank lever r r is
mounted on a pirot which acts as a substitute for the, in this case, fixed shaft v.
The arm r instead of being connected by the lever k and the rods (Figure 2), is
at Figure 5 connected by a lug k, a chains and a spiral spring with the lever 2
P₂

page_text: whilst the arm ¹ is in connection through a spring with a suitable fixed part.
The mode of working is essentially the same as before described.
The
The sliding collar o may in some cases be replaced by a coupling piece C arranged
adjustably upon the pedal shaft shown at Figures 11, 12 and 13, Figures 11 and 12
being plan and elevation, and Figure 13 cross section on line ZZ Figure 12.
coupling piece C consists of two saddle formed blocks which are connected with
each other by a cylindrical piece. The coupling piece C is made to slide into a
corresponding groove in the pedal shaft, and the inclined surfaces of the saddle
formed blocks b, b' are towards each other.
The attaching and detaching of the so formed coupling piece is effected by the
joint action of the two sloping pieces baud b' with the levers and r³ moving the
piece C in the one or the other direction.
Instead of employing circular flanges formed with holes in the face thereof or
grooved around the periphery for the spring bolts m, m' to take into, the said flanges
may, as is shown at Figure 7, be only partially circular or consist of a single arm
on each side of the sliding collar o and be provided with a hole or a groove, and
the edges thereof may be chamfered or sloped as shown at Figure 8, so that the
spring bolts will glide upon the inclined surfaces and can then enter the openings.
It is clear that the spring bolts m, m³ can be equally well set in the sliding
collar o or on the V shaped projection or saddle formed blocks and the chain
wheels a, a' may be provided with, or be without sloping attachment openings, as is
clearly shown at Figures 9 and 10.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1st. The sliding coupling collar o formed with left and right screw worms,
mounted upon the pedal shaft (Figures 1 and 2), which collar o may also be replaced
by a coupling piece C with slopes b and 1 (Figures 11 and 13).
"
2nd. The levers 7 and ¹, revolving on a common axis having teeth for taking
into the screw worms or onto the respective sloping surfaces and operated by the
lever arrangement & and p, either the levers and together forming a bell crank
lever connected with the springs and s, or instead, the lever is fastened upon a
shaft acted on by the spring, while the lever on the contrary is loose upon the
shaft and is connected thereto through a spring band adjusting screw t with the
object that upon the revolution of the levers rr, with respect to the shaft v in
the one direction, of bringing about the falling in of the lever into O or C
without concussion and upon the releasing of the crank lever with regard to the
fixed shaft u, to effect the falling in of the lever through the corresponding
revolution of the crank lever, relatively to the shaft r, effected by means of the
spring all substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and
illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 8th day of May 1891.