Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Mar., 1886.
Complete Left, 2nd Dec., 1886.
Complete Accepted, 11th Jan., 1887.
I FREDERICK HOOHULI of 8 Union Court in the City of London Merchant do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention to be as follows :-
The object of my invention is to manufacture automatic valves for the regulation of
temperature applicable to reservoirs, baths, cylinders, heating chambers and analagous
uses; and whether heated by steam, hot air, hot water, or the combustion of gas; the
flow of which is suitably controlled by such valves.
In carrying out my invention I utilise the difference of the expansion of metals and
fluids, arising from change of temperature; the rise of temperature causing the valve
to close and vice versa.
In one form of the apparatus I fit a conical valve to the inlet pipe; the upper end
of this valve is fitted with a disc which is in contact with a flexible diaphragm,
stretched across the lower end of a cylinder filled with mercury or other suitable fluid
hermetically sealed. The upper end of the cylinder is also fitted with a flexible
diaphragm. The cylinder cover is fitted with a screw plug, the lower end of which
carries a disc. The cylinder cover carries a fixed dial marked with degrees, indicating
temperature, and the screw plug carries an index hand, which is caused to point to the
degree of temperature required, as marked on the dial.
By turning the screw plug until the upper disc presses upon the flexible diaphragm,
the lower diaphragm is caused to expand downwards upon the disc and valve, and the
position of the latter is controlled partly by the screw plug, and partly by the
expansion of the mercury or other fluid in the cylinder.
The valve is usually caused to lift and open by the pressure of the steam or other
source of heat, the regulator being only used to close the same when the temperature

page_text: rises; but it is obvious that the same means may also be utilised in opening the valve,
if desired.
In another modification I fit a diaphragm to one end of the cylinder only, and fit a
plug or piston in contact therewith, which is capable of sliding in the cylinder, and
either the plug or the cylinder itself is in this case used to close the valve, or to open
and close the valve, as before.
The temperature of the chamber to be heated is communicated to the mercury or
other fluid by direct exposure thereto, or otherwise, so as to render the apparatus
automatic in its action, within a certain range of temperature.
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: [A communication from abroad by PAUL FISCHER, of Lyons, in the Republic of
France, Manufacturer.]
I FREDERICK HOCHULI of 8 Union Court in the City of London Merchant do
hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of my invention is to manufacture automatic valves for the regulation of
temperature applicable to reservoirs, baths, cylinders, heating chambers and analogous
uses; and whether heated by steam, hot air, hot water, or the combustion of gas; the
flow of which is suitably controlled by such valves.
In carrying out my invention, I utilise the difference of the expansion of metals
and fluids, arising from change of temperature; the rise of temperature causing the
valve to close and vice versa.
In one form of the apparatus I fit a conical valve to the inlet pipe; the upper end
of this valve is fitted with a dise which is in contact with a flexible diaphragm,
stretched across the lower end of a Cylinder filled with mercury, or other suitable
fluid hermetically sealed. The upper end of the Cylinder is also fitted with a flexible
diaphragm. The Cylinder cover is fitted with a screw plug, the lower end of which
carries a disc. The Cylinder cover carries a fixed dial marked with degrees indicating
temperature, and the screw plug carries an index hand, which is caused to point to the
degree of temperature required as marked on the dial.
By turning the screw plug until the upper disc presses upon the flexible diaphragm,
the lower diaphragm is caused to expand downwards upon the disc and valve, and the
position of the latter is controlled partly by the screw plug, and partly by the
expansion of the mercury or other fluid in the cylinder.
The valve is usually caused to lift and open by the pressure of the steam or other
source of heat, the regulator being only used to close the same, when the temperature
rises; but it is obvious that the same means may also be utilised in opening the valve
if desired.
In another modification I fit a diaphragm to one end of the Cylinder only, and fit a
plug or piston in contact therewith, which is capable of sliding in the Cylinder and
either the plug or the Cylinder itself is, in this case, used to close the valve, or to open
and close the valve as before.
The temperature of the Chaniber to be heated is communicated to the Mercury or
other fluid, by direct exposure thereto, or otherwise, so as to render the apparatus
automatic in its action within a certain range of temperature.

page_text: And in order that my said Invention may be particularly described and ascertained
reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings, in which similar Letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of one form of my invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan of the same.
Fig. 3 is a section of a modification of the arrangement shewn in Fig. 1, the closure
being in this instance effected by a single flexible diaphragma is the admission
valve or cock above which the Cylinder is fitted formed of glass or metal which
contains the fluid (consisting of mercury or other suitable fluid). The cylinder is
closed at both ends, or at one end only, by one or two flexible diaphragms d. d. These
diaphragms d d may be plain or corrugated, and by suitable flanges or other means,
are made perfectly fluid tight. Any expansion or contraction of the contained fluid e
is communicated to the diaphragms, which expand or contract accordingly. e is a set
screw fitted with an index hand, by means of which the upper diaphragm is pressed
and regulated to any suitable temperature; by raising the screw e the range of tempera-
ture is increased, and vice versa, and consequently inore or less heat may be obtained,
the temperature being thus capable of regulation as required.
A dial g may be provided to indicate the distance which the screw should travel, in
order to obtain the desired degree of heat. A rise of temperature causes the
expansion of the fluid e: this causes the lower diaphragm d to press the valve down-
wards and more or less close the port, whereby the inflow of steam, or other heating
fluid from towards is arrested or stopped. The Cylinder & containing the fluid is
at all times subject to the influence of the surrounding heat. The dimensions and
the arrangement of the apparatus may vary, depending on the quantity and nature of
the object requiring to be heated.
Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of the modification herein before referred to. The
steam, or other heating fluid, enters by the passage, and passes out by the passage i,
as shewn by the arrows, and its pressure tends to lift the lower valve a. a' is a piston,
capable of sliding in its cylindrical casing a², its lower (conical) end resting upon the
valve a. The cylinder has a conical end, which rests upon the piston a. c is the
mercury or other expansible fluid. d is the diaphragm, the lower side of which is in
contact with the mercury. is a piston fitting the collar. The object of the inter-
mediate piston a' and casing a² is to prevent the conduction of heat from the steam
in the passages to i to the mercury c. When the temperature of the mercury clas
increased beyond the required maximum, the mercury expands and presses the
diaphragm and piston k. This pressure causes the cylinder band piston a to descend
and thereby close, or partially close, the valve a; which valve will so remain until the
regulated maximum heat is acquired.
The apparatus operates in the following manner -When the apparatus is not
working the valve remains always open. If it is required to heat (for instance) water
to 77° Fahr., and to maintain that temperature during a certain period of time, the
pointer is fixed upon the 25th degree of the dial and full steam is admitted.
While the water is reaching the required temperature the fluid in the cylinder >>
gradually expands according to the degree reached, and fills the free space allowed by
the set screw e. When the required degree of heat has been attained the fluid
presses upon the flexible diaphragm which yielding to such pressure closes the
admission valve. Should the temperature become lowered such cooling is forthwith
communicated to the sensitive fluid in the cylinder and the valve rises and allows
sufficient heat to pass to again raise the temperature.
The apparatus may be constructed so as to allow a variation of from one half to
three degrees only.
The apparatus being automatic requires no watching and when properly set will
continue to act automatically.
This apparatus may be constructed for ranges of temperature below or above zero,
the principle of the application of flexible diaphragms remaining the same.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The manufacture and use of automatic heat regulators, consisting of a cylinder b
filled with mercury or other suitable fluid e, and fitted with one or two corrugated or
other diaphragm or diaphragms d; the lower diaphragm being caused to act upon a
valve, and the upper diaphragm being controlled by a set screw, substantially as and
for the purposes hereinbefore described and shewn on the drawings.
2. The general construction combination and arrangement of the several and
respective parts, together forming my improvements in temperature regulating
apparatus substantially as hereinbefore described and shewn on the drawings.
GEO. DOWNING,
Agent for Applicant.