Improvements in Coke Ovens.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Jan., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 19th Sept., 1889-Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Coke Ovens.
I, HENRY SIMON, of No. 20 Mount Street, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :-
--
Many coke ovens are made in the form of vertical shafts tapering to a greater
width at the bottom than at the top so that when doors at the bottom are opened,
the coke drops from the ovens into trucks which have to be moved away and
tipped.
.
This invention has for its object to provide for more ready and convenient
discharge of such ovens with or without means of automatically separating the large
pieces of coke from the smaller fragments and delivering them separately into
trucks. The construction adopted for this purposo also affords ready means of
applying regenerators whereby the waste heat of the ovens is utilised for heating
their air supply.
Under the range of ovens is built a wedge shaped structure having its apex
situated about the middle of the range and reaching up almost to the bottom of the
ovens, whilst its sides slope downwards to each hand, preferably with a somewhat
concave curvature along which the coke discharged from the ovens can freely
slide down.
At the lower ends of the slopes are formed pits or fosses which are covered by
gratings having their bars laid longitudinally in continuation of the slopes above
mentioned bat at somewhat less or no inclination.
Beyond the lower ends of these gratings and at a lower level may be formed ways
with rails for trucks, and also in the fosses are laid rails for trucks. The bottoms
of the ovens are hinged and are held up by catches while the ovens are in
operation.
When the coke is ready to be discharged, these catches are released by moving an
external lever or handle, and thereupon the bottoms descend and the coke drops on
the slopes and descends towards and along the gratings. As the coke passes over the
gratings it is quenched by a shower of water; the larger pieces pass over the gratings
into trucks on the way beyond, and the smaller fragments fall through the grating
into trucks in the fosse below. In the wedge shaped structure below the ovens are
accommodated flues which serve as regenerators in either of two ways.
According to one arrangement, the hot waste gases from the ovens pass con-
tinuously along some of these flues while air for supplying the ovens passes
continuously in the opposite direction along others of the flues, the air becoming
heated by conduction through the flue walls.
According to the other arrangement, the hot waste gases pass for a time through
some of the flues which may have a filling of bricks, heating them, and then the air
passes along these flues becoming heated; and these directions of the gases and air
are in this case alternated from time to time by means of valves.
Dated this 23rd day of January 1889.
ADEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Coke Ovens.
I, HENRY SIMON, of No. 20 Mount Street Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Many coke ovens are made in the form of vertical shafts somewhat wider at the
bottom than at the top, so that when doors at the bottom are opened, the coke drops
from the ovens into trucks which have to be moved away and tipped or otherwise
discharged.
This invention has for its main object to provide for more ready and convenient
discharge of such ovens, with means of automatically separating the largo pieces of
coke from the smaller fragments, and delivering them separately into trucks. The
construction adopted for this purpose also affords ready means of applying regenerators
whereby the waste heat of the ovens is utilised for heating the air supplied for
combustion and also for recovering tar and ammonia from the gases previous to
combustion.
Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical section of a set of coke ovens
arranged according to this invention, the section being taken on the line A B of
Fig. 2 which is a half longitudinal section on the line CD of Fig. 1. Another half
longitudinal section on the line E F is shewn by Fig. 3.
Half sectional plans on GH, I K, LM and NO are shewn respectively by Figs. 4,
5, 6 and 7. These figures represent the arrangement of a group of 16 ovens a, but
it is to be understood that a less or greater number may be grouped together, large
numbers however being objectionable because if one or other of a group is stopped,
the others may have to be thrown out of action.
Below the group of ovens which with their flues are supported on suitable arches,
there is formed a structure sloping each way from the middle line, and carrying on
each side gratings cc of less inclination. The bottom of each oven a is closed as
usual by a hinged door that can open downwards when a catch holding it up is
released. The coke, on the opening of the door, falls from the oven a on to the
slope b which it descends. The larger pieces, which cannot pass through the
gratings c, descend along the gratings to trucks placed to receive them at d d.
The smaller pieces of coke descend through the gratings c into trucks placed
at e e.
Within the sloping structure 6 are formed channels which operate as regenerators,
that is to say, the waste gases of combustion from the ovens descend by flues finto
some of these channels, while air, to supply the combustion for the ovens, passes
along others of the channels becoming heated by conduction through the walls, and
ascends by flues 9, 9.
In some cases, instead of running the hot gases and air in parallel channels for
heating the air by conduction, I provide suitable valves by which the flow of hot
guses and air through the channels can be alternated as in regenerative furnaces. In
the upper part of the space between the two rows, each of 8 ovens, there is a general
combustion chamber with lateral flues branching therefrom. There are also
descending passages k between the walls of the ovens and there is a continuous
combustion chamber m arranged around the group of ovens. The gases from the
upper and lower parts of the oven pass after combustion in the chambers k and m
by lateral branches to the collecting flues at each side leading to the descending
flue fand these gases after giving up heat to the air supply as above described, may
be used as fuel for heating steam boilers or other purposes.
These ovens may, if desired, be heated by gases from which the tar and ammonia
have been abstracted. In that case, suction-pipes are arranged to lead either into
the upper or lower part of each of the ovens a; these suction pipes are in connection

page_text: with an exhaust which drives the gases through suitable scrubbers and washers and
causes them to return into the main combustion chamber / where, meeting with the
hot air, they are ignited and heat the ovens.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. In combination with a group of coke ovens opening at the bottom, a sloping
structure with gratings arranged for the descent of the coke and the separation of its
large and small pieces, substantially as described.
2. The combination of regenerative channels or chambers formed in the structure
above referred to with the air and gas channels and flues of a group of coke ovens
constructed and arranged substantially as described.
Dated this 19th day of Sentember 1889
ABEL & IMRAY,
.Agents for the Applicant.