IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Moseley, William Fereday Bottomley, Telegraph
Engineer, and William Edwin Heys, Engineer, all of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Moseley, William
Fereday Bottomley, and William Edwin Heys at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 1st July 1880.
CHARLES MOSELEY, WILLIAM FEREDAY BOTTOMLEY, Telegraph Engineer, and
WILLIAM EDWIN HEYS, Engineer, all of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING TELEGRAPHIC, TELEPHONIC,
AND OTHER WIRES."
The object of our improvements is to diminish or prevent the results of inductive
action.
In the practical application of the telephone great difficulties arise from the
induction produced in the conducting wire by other contiguous currents of
electricity.
It is generally known that when two or more conducting wires are parallel with
and contiguous to each other, and a momentary or an indulatory current is
transmitted by one of the wires, then opposite and like currents are induced in the
other conducting wires. Thus, in telephonic circuits it is found that sounds
transmitted by one wire are reproduced in telephones inserted in circuit of any of
the adjacent parallel wires; on the other hand in ordinary telegraphic circuits
a proportionately increased battery power being required to influence the less
delicate apparatus, increased induction and consequent retardation occurs.
In carrying out our Invention we prefer to use what is known as a metallic
circuit or loop line, but under favourable circumstances we may use single wires
-with-earth returns.
-
We erect the wires in such a manner that each wire is carried alternately over

page_text: and under the supporting arms or brackets, and also alternately to the outer and
inner portion of the said arms or brackets, so that the position of the wire on one
arm or bracket differs from the position of the same wire on the preceeding or
following arm or bracket.
If required, we may secure reversals of position of the wires in shorter distances
by the insertion in each span of one or more riders or separators of porcelain or
other non-conducting material.
In certain circumstances we may, instead of carrying each wire alternately over
and under the supporting arms, and also alternately to the outer and inner portion
of the said arms, as hereinbefore described, carry them over and under the arms
only, or alternately to the outer and inner portion of the arms only.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Charles Moseley, William Fereday Bottomley, and Willian Edwin
Heys in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 31st December 1880.
CHARLES MOSELEY, WILLIAM FEREDAY BOTTOMLEY, Telegraph Engineer, and
WILLIAM EDWIN HEYS, Engineer, all of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING TELEGRAPHIC, TELEPHONIC,
AND OTHER WIRES."
The object of our Invention is to diminish or prevent the results of inductive
action.
In the practical application of the telephone, great difficulties arise from the
induction produced in the conducting wire by other contiguous currents of
electricity. It is generally known that when two or more conducting wires are
parallel with and contiguous to each other, and a momentary or an undulatory
current is transmitted by one of the wires, then opposite and like currents are
induced in the other conducting wires. Thus, in telephonic circuits it is found that
sounds transmitted by one wire are reproduced in telephones inserted in circuit of
any of the adjacent parallel wires; on the other hand in ordinary telegraphic
circuits a proportionably increased battery power being required to influence the
less delicate apparatus, increased induction and consequent retardation occurs.
In carrying out our Invention we prefer to use what is known as a metallic
circuit or loop line, but under favourable circumstances we may use single wires
with earth returns; we crect the wires in such a manner that each wire is carried
alternately over and under the supporting arins or brackets, and also alternately
to the outer and inner portions of the said arms or brackets, so that the position of
the wire on one arm or bracket differs from the position of the same wire on the
preceding or following arm or bracket. If required we may secure reversals of
position of the wires in shorter distances by the insertion in each span of one or
more riders or separators of porcelain or other non-conducting material. In certain
circumstances we may, instead of carrying each wire alternately over and under
the supporting arins, and also alternately to the outer and inner portion of the said
arms, as herein before described, carry them over and under the arms only, or
alternately to the outer and inner portion of the arms only, and in order that our
Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into effect, we will describe
the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference being had to the figures and
letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 shews in elevation, and Fig. 2 in plan, the method we adopt in erecting
a line. The poles are marked x, and the arms are marked y; a and b, the wires
constituting the metallic circuit.. The insulators are placed one above and one below
the arm, two to each arm; the first insulator may be placed above the arm near
the pole, and the second insulator below the outer end of the arm; on the second
arm the insulator near to the polo is placed below the arm, and the one further
from the pole above the arm. All the other insulators. in the line are placed in the
same relative positions; thus the insulators on the third, fifth, and seventh arms,
and all odd numbers are the same as those on the first arm, and the fourth, sixth,
eighth, and all even numbers the same as the second. The wires are attached to
the insulators in the ordinary manner, but, instead of proceeding in a straight line
as usual, they are laid around each other thus:-The first or leading wire a is
secured to the insulator c on the first arm, to the insulator e on the second arm,.
to g on the third arm, to i on the fourth arin, and to k on the fifth arm, and so on.
The return wire b-is-attached to the insulator d on the first-arm-to fron the second
arın, to k on third arm, to j on the fourth arm, and to on the fifth arm.
this arm the two wires occupy the same relative positions as on the first arm,
On

page_text: having, however, made a complete turn round cach other between the first and
fifth arms.
The turn or revolution of each wire around an imaginary central line may [be
accomplished in a greater or less number of arms than we have shewn. If in a
greater number, then no rider, jockey, or stretcher will be needed, but if in
a less number then the wires would be liable to come into contact, in which case
we maintain them at their proper distance apart by means of an insulated rider or
stretcher, as is well understood.
Fig. 3 is an elevation, and Fig. 4 is a plan of another method of erecting tho
wires. In this case the insulators are fixed alternately above and below the arms,
as in Figs. 1 and 2; but the wires, instead of making revolutions about an
imaginary centre line, remain in the same vertical plane, and pass alternately above
and below the arms. Instead, however, of passing over and under alternate arms,
the wires may pass over two and under two, or any other convenient series.
Fig. 5 is an elevation, and Fig. 6 is a plan of another arrangement wherein the
wires maintain the same horizontal plane, one wire being continuously below the
arms, and the other continuously above the arms, each wire passing alternately
from that part of the arm nearest to the pole to that part further from it. Instead
of altering its position relatively to the pole at every arm, each wire may alter its
position at every second, third, or other alternate number of arms.
In either case we propose to use the two wires as a complete or metallic circuit,
but both wires may, when required, be put to earth at each end, and used as two
circuits in the ordinary manner.
What we propose is, in the arrangement shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, to present to all
contiguous lines an equal length of both the leading and return wires of our
circuit, whereby the effects of induction are neutralized, and in each case to destroy
the parallelism of the wires, this parallelism being one of the conditions which
produce induction.
Having stated the nature of our Invention and described the manner of
performing the same, we would have it understood that we do not limit ourselves to
the details given, as they may be varied or modified, but what
We claim is,-
The method of constructing telegraphic, telephonic, and other lines, substantially
as and for the purpose described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Charles Moseley and William Fereday
Bottomley, for ourselves and on behalf of the said William Edwin Heys,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirtieth day of December,
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.