Improvements in and relating to Wire-netting Machines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 24th Jan., 1896-Accepted, 28th Mar., 1896
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION. 6
Improvements in and relating to Wire-netting Machines.
I, WILHELM GERHARDI, of Lüdenscheid, in the Kingdom of Prussia, German
Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to wire-netting machines and has for its special object to
improve that class of wire-netting machines in which one half of the number of
wire spools employed are arranged within the machine, and the other half outside
the machine, and wherein the even-numbered netting spindles and machine spools
revolve continuously in one direction, while the odd-numbered ones turn in the
opposite direction, so that the successive rows of meshes are produced continuously:
and without any reversion of motion. A machine of this type is described, for:
example, in the Specification of my British Patent 13492 of 1890.
In wire-netting produced by these or other machines, the twisted strands of wire
or "twists" extending in the longitudinal direction of such netting and arranged
in a row, are twisted alternately to the right and the left.
This invention consists in producing wire-netting in which those "twists" which.
extend in a row across the plaiting, ie, in the direction of its width, are twisted in
alternate directions, so that, for example, the first is a left-hand twist, the second a:
right-hand twist, the third a left-hand one again, and so on.,
This object is attained by modifying the wire-netting machines referred to in the
following manner: Instead of, as before, changing, for the production of the next
row of meshes, the position, both the wires or strands of each pair of wires twisted
together in forming the row of twists just finished; i.e. instead of shifting one.
strand of each of said pairs to the right and the other to the left, and twisting or
netting, with the first strand, the wire which is shifted from the next following
spindle on the right to the left ;-and with the second strand, the wire which is
shifted from the next preceding spindle on the left to the right; one strand or wire
only is displaced alternately from the right to the left, and from the left to the
right, the wires which are thus displaced being always those which come from the
spools situated outside the machine, while the wires of the spools located within
the machine remain stationary, that is to say, always in the same netting.or
twisting spindle.
This arrangement enables only half the number of netting spindles and devices.
for turning the spools in the machine, to be employed, as compared to the
mechanism required in machines of the old construction; while the wire-changing.
or shifting mechanism is at the same time materially simplified.
As moreover, the machine spools are not displaced, each of the netting spindles
can be connected with the driving wheel combined with the corresponding machine-
spool, whereby the special driving mechanism hitherto employed in operating the
netting spindles, is dispensed with, and perfect unison of operation of the twisting
devices obtained. The means which I prefer for attaining this result consists in
securing upon the wheel mentioned above, a metal tube, upon the upper end of
which the netting spindle is mounted, the head of which is supported, besides, in a
bearing-plate, common to all the netting-spindle heads, and wherein the said heads
are arranged in a row. The tube is half-open on one side, and provided internally.
with an axial spindle adapted to receive the spool. The said wheel, tube, spool,
'

page_text: and netting-spindle therefore revolve bodily about the geometrical axis of the tube,
which may be termed as the "spool-holder."
To enable the spools within the machine (called the "machine spools") to be as
large as possible, I arrange the spool-holders referred to in two parallel series or
rows, and in such a manner, that one of them comprises the even-numbered, and
the other, the odd-numbered holders, and that the holders of each series alternate
or "break joint" with the holders of the other series. In this case the spool-
bolders must be inclined towards the symmetrical plane passing through the row of
netting spindles, and be correspondingly conical, so that all the netting spindles may
be disposed exactly in a line. The angle of inclination to be adopted for this
purpose of course depends on the size of the largest diameter and the length of the
spools, which are also wound conically.
Each of the wheels mentioned above, as well as each of the netting spindles,
is provided with two slots for the reception of the wire or strand to be shifted or
"changed"; the two slots of the netting spindles are in the same diameter,
whereas those of the wheels are situated in two different diameters on the same side
so that they are at an angle to each other. When, in consequence of the rotation
of the spool-holders, the slots come to face each other (which position is called the
"change" position), those of the netting spindles all lie in one straight line, while
those of the wheels lie in a zig-zag line. Supposing that a. row of meshes is in
course of formation, and that the first "change" wire lies in the wheel and
spindle No. 1, the second in the wheel and spindle No. 2, and so forth. Then the
cbange wire 1 will combine with the spool wire 1 to form a left-hand twist in No. 1;
the change wire 2 in conjunction with the spool wire 2 will form a right-hand twist
in No. 2; the change wire 3 in conjunction with the spool wire 3 will form a left-
hand twist again, and so on. Presently the position is so changed that the
change-wire No. 1 shifts to the wheel and spindle 2 and there, in conjunction with
the spool-wire 2 forms a right-hand twist; similarly the change-wire 2 moves to
the wheel and spindle 3, and in conjunction with the spool wire 3, forms a left-hand
twist again the change wire 3 moves to the wheel and spindle 4, and in conjunction
with the spool wire 4, forms a right-hand twist, and so on. When, after this, the
position is again changed, the change-wire 1 leaves the wheel and spindle 2 and
returns to the wheel and spindle I where, in conjunction with the spool wire. 1, it.
forms a left-hand twist; the change wire 2 leaves the wheel and spindle 3 and
goes back to the wheel and spindle 2, forming there a right-hand twist with the
spindle wire 2; and similarly the change wire 3 moves back from the wheel and
spindle 4 to the wheel and spindle 3 and forms a left hand twist with the spool
wire 3, and so on. It will thus be seen that the machine-spool wire at all times
remains in its spindle, passing from the spool through an aperture provided in the
axial line of the spindle outwardly, while the "change-wire"
spindle eccentrically.
" issues from the
The shifting of the change-wires in relation to the above mentioned wheels is
preferably provided for by the following arrangement: The wires in question are
made to pass underneath the said wheels through the ends of levers, the opposite
ends of which are pivotted to two parallel plates, termed "change" plates, which
are adapted to be moved towards and from each other; the even-numbered levers
being connected with one of the said plates, and the odd-numbered levers with the
other of those plates. That end of each lever, which contains the wire, is guided
by a zig-zag slot corresponding in shape and position to the zig-zag line which the
Elots of the wheels form in the "change" position. The lever-ends, which are thus
guided, lie within the angles of the slots while the plaiting is being performed, the
even-numbered levers lying in the angles on one side, and the odd-numbered ones
in the angles of the other side, and the two plates are together or apart. Supposing
now that we find them drawn apart: then the moment the shifting above described
takes place, the plates will move towards each other and, by consequence, displace
the levers in an oblique direction, so that each of them enters the angles on the
opposite side, It is advisable to combine each lever with a spring having the

page_text: tendency to move it to a position perpendicular to its plate, whereby precise
shifting in the required direction will be ensured.
The changing or shifting of the wires in relation to the spindle-heads may be
effected through the agency of the wires themselves. For this purpose a wing-
shaped cam or tappet may be provided upon the spindle head and loosely about
the spindle axis, so that the said spindle, as it turns, may cause the change-wire to
run against the said cam or tappet, the consequence being, that the wire will move
this wing forward until the latter is arrested at a time when the slots of the spindles
are about to reach the position in front of each other. At this juncture, the said
change wire will slide along the wing or cam in the outward direction, i.e. towards
the spindle into which it is to be shifted, so that it is conducted to it by the said
cam, when the slots come into the change position or in front of each other. For
example the change wire 1 will slide from the spindle 1, turning to the left, into
the spindle 2, turning to the right, where it will therefore also be turned to the
right; but as soon as it meets the wing-shaped cam of the spindle 2, it drives
round such cam to the right, so as to cause the same to meet the slot of the
spindle 1 which turns to the left. The wing is then arrested, the wire slides along
it towards the spindle 1 and finally enters the slot of such spindle. It will be
understood that the odd-numbered cam must in this arrangement be arranged
opposite to the even-numbered wings.
Upon the spindle-head, it is advisable to arrange a conical piece flattened on two
opposite sides, one of which sides pressing upon the change-wire and thus
constituting a support for the same during the plaiting operation. The cam-shaped
wings are arrested by means of two rails or plates movable towards and from each
other, and which are adapted to be displaced at the same time as the change levers
above described; projections being provided thereon so as to take up a checking
position against the plane portions of the said wings or cams, where they remain
at rest until the wire has changed from one spindle to the other, when they
immediately return to the initial position. The plate wherein the spindle-heads
are supported is provided with a rectilinear slot to facilitate the changing or
shifting of the wires.
At the same time as the wires are changed, a rotary draw-roller is also displaced;
the object of such roller being to engage with the meshes of the wire-plaiting, on
either side of each of the twisted strands, by means of pins with which it is
provided for the purpose, and to draw and adjust the wires in their relative
positions in the netting. According to the direction in which the wires are shifted
this rotary cylinder will move either to the left or to the right a distance equal to
half the width of a mesh, whereby the series of twisted strands just formed is also,
consequently, displaced by one half of the width of a mesh in relation to the series
next to be completed, the meshes being thereby rendered perfectly regular and
uniform in shape and position.
All the movements herein described are derived from one main shaft in such
a manner that, during each revolution of the main shaft, two, three, four or more
revolutions are completed by the spool-wheels and spindles, while, whenever a
fresh revolution is started the change-plates and the draw-roller or cylinder are
displaced, as are also the brake-plates. The transmission of motion to these spool-
wheels and spindles may, if preferred, be arranged to stop temporarily during the
shifting or changing. The change movements are best produced by means of cam-
grooves. For each spool-wheel (which may be in the shape of a worm wheel, for
example), a special driving wheel (being another worm wheel) may be provided ;
the odd-numbered and the even-numbered of these wheels being mounted on
separate shafts, respectively, one shaft being common to all the wheels of the
same class.
Dated thin neth
Amil 1007

page_text: Improvements in and relating to Wire-netting Machines.
1, WILHELM GERHARDI, of Lüdenscheid, in the Kingdom of Prussia, German
Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to wire-netting machines, and has for its special object to
improve that class of wire-netting machines in which one half of the number of
wire spools employed are arranged within the machine, and the other half outside
the machine, and wherein the even-numbered netting spindles and machine spools
revolve continuously in one direction, while the odd-numbered ones turn in the
opposite direction, so that the successive rows of meshes are produced continuously
and without any reversion of motion. A machine of this type is described, for
example, in the Specification of my British Patent 13492 of 1890..
In wire-netting produced by these or other machines, the twisted strands of wire
or "twists" extending in the longitudinal direction of such netting and arranged in
a row, are twisted alternately to the right and the left.
This invention consists in producing wire-netting in which those "twists" which
extend in a row across the netting, ie, in the direction of its width, are twisted in
alternate directions, so that, for example, the first is a left-hand twist, the second, a
right-hand twist, the third a left hand one again, and so on.
This object is attained by modifying the wire-netting machines referred to, in
the following manuer: Instead of, as before, changing, for the production of the
next row of meshes, the position of both the wires or strands of each pair of wires
twisted together in forming the row of twists just finished; i.e. instead of shifting
one strand of each of said pairs to the right and the other to the left, and twisting
or netting with the first strand-the wire which is shifted from the next following
spindle ou the right to the left-and with the second strand-the wire which is
shifted from the next preceding spindle on the left to the right one strand or
wire only is displaced alternately from the right to the left, and from the left
to the right, the wires which are thus displaced being always those which come
from the spools situated outside the machine, while the wires of the spools located
within the machine remain stationary, that is to say, always in the same netting or
twisting spindle.
This arrangement enables only half the number of netting spindles and devices
for turning the spools in the machine, to be employed, as compared to the
mechanism required in machines of the old construction, while the wire-changing
or shifting mechanism is at the same time materially simplified.
As, moreover, the machine spools are not displaced, each of the netting spindles
can be connected with the driving wheel combined with the corresponding machine-
spool, whereby the special driving mechanism hitherto employed in operating the
netting spindles is dispensed with, and perfect unison of operation of the twisting
devices obtained. The means which I prefer for attaining this result, consists in
securing upon the wheel mentioned above, a metal tube upon the upper end of
which the netting spindle is mounted, the head of which is supported, besides, in
a bearing-plate, common to all the netting-spindle heads, and wherein the said
heads are arranged in a row. The tube is half open on one side, and provided
internally with an axial spindle adapted to receive the spool. The said wheel,
tube, spool, and netting spindle therefore revolve bodily about the geometrical axis
of the tube, which may be termed the "spool-holder."
To enable the spools within the machine (called the "machine spools") to be as
large as possible, I arrange the spool-holders referred to in two parallel series or
rows, and in such a manner, that one of them comprises the even-numbered and the

page_text: other, the odd-numbered holders, and that the holders of each series alternate or
"break joint" with the holders of the other series. In this case the spool-holders
must be inclined towards the symmetrical plane passing through the row of netting
spindles, and be correspondingly conical, so that all the netting spindles may be
disposed exactly in a line. The angle of inclination to be adopted for this purpose
of course depends on the size of the largest diameter and the length of the spools,
which are also wound conically.
Each of the wheels mentioned above, as well as each of the netting spindles, is
provided with two slots for the reception of the wire or strand to be shifted or
changed"; the two slots of the netting-spindles are in the same diameter,
whereas those of the wheels are situated in two different diameters on the same
side so that they are at an angle to each other. When, in consequence of the
rotation of the spool-holders, the slots come to face each other (which position is
called the "change" position), those of the netting spindles all lie in one straight
line, while those of the wheels lie in a zig-zag line. Supposing that a row of
meshes is in course of formation, and that the first "change" wire lies in the
wheel and spindle No. 1, the second in the wheel and spindle No. 2, and so forth.
Then the change wire 1 will combine with the spool wire 1 to form a left-hand
twist in No. 1; the change wire 2 in conjunction with the spool wire 2 will form a
right-hand twist in No. 2; the change wire 3 in conjunction with the spool wire 3
will form a left-hand twist again, and so on. Presently the position is so changed
that the change-wire No. 1 shifts to the wheel and spindle No. 2 and there, in
conjunction with the spool-wire 2, forms a right-hand twist; similarly the change
wire 2 moves to the wheel and spindle No. 3, and in conjunction with the spool
wire 3, forms a left-hand twist; again the change wire 3 moves to the wheel and
spindle No. 4, and in conjunction with the spool wire 4, forms a right-hand twist,
and so on. When, after this, the position is again changed, the change-wire 1
leaves the wheel and spindle No. 2 and returns to the wheel and spindle No. 1
where, in conjunction with the spool wire 1, it forms a left-hand twist; the change
wire 2 leaves the wheel and spindle No. and goes back to the wheel and
spindle No. 2, forming there a right-hand twist with the spindle wire No. 2; and
similarly the change wire 3 moves back from the wheel and spindle No. 4 to
the wheel and spindle No. 3 and forms a left hand twist with the spool wire 3,
and so on. It will thus be seen that the machine-spool wire at all times remains
in its spindle, passing from the spool through an aperture provided in the axial
line of the spindle outwardly, while the change-wire issues from the spindle
eccentrically.
The shifting of the change-wires in relation to the above mentioned wheels is
preferably provided for by the following arrangement: The wires in question are
made to pass underneath the said wheels through the ends of levers, the opposite
ends of which are pivotted to two parallel plates, which are adapted to be moved
towards and from each other; the even-numbered levers being connected with one
of the said plates, and the odd-numbered levers with the other of those plates.
That end of each lever, which contains the wire, is guided by a zig-zag slot
corresponding in shape and position to the zig-zag line which the slots of the
wheels form in the "change" position. The lever-ends, which are thus guided,
lie within the angles of the slots while the netting is being performed, the even-
numbered levers lying in the angles on one side, and the odd-numbered ones. in the
angles of the other side, and the two plates are together or apart. Supposing now
that we find them drawn apart: then the moment the shifting above described
takes place, the plates will move towards each other and, by consequence, displace
the levers in an oblique direction, so that each of them enters the angles on the
opposite side. It is advisable to combine each lever with a spring having the
tendency to move it to a position perpendicular or at a right angle to its plate,
whereby precise shifting in the required direction will be ensured.
The changing or shifting of the wires in relation to the spindle-heads may
be effected through the agency of the wires themselves. For this purpose a

page_text: wing-shaped cam or tappet may be provided upon the spindle head and loosely about
the spindle axis, so that the said spindle, as it turns, may cause the change-wire to run
against the said cam or tappet, the consequence being, that the wire will move this
wing forward until the latter is arrested at a time when the slots of the spindle
are about to reach the position in front of each other. At this juncture, the said
change wire will slide along the wing or cam in the outward direction, i.e. towards
the spindle into which it is to be shifted, so that it is conducted to it by the said
cam, when the slots come into the change position or in front of each other. For
example the change wire I will slide from the spindle No. 1, turning to the left,
into the spindle No. 2 turning to the right, where it will therefore also be turned
to the right; but as soon as it meets the wing-shaped cam of the spindle No. 2, it
drives round such cam to the right, so as to cause the same to meet the slot of the
spindle No. 1 which turus to the left. The wing is then arrested, the wire slides
along it towards the spindle No. 1 and finally enters the slot of such spindle. It
will be understood that the odd-numbered wings must in this arrangement be
arranged opposite to the even-numbered ones.
Upon the spindle-head, it is advisable to arrange a conical piece flattened on
two opposite sides, one of which sides pressing upon the change-wire and thus
constituting a support for the same during the netting operation. The cam-shaped
wings are arrested by means of two rails or plates movable towards and from
each other, and which are adapted to be displaced at the same time as the change
levers above described; projections being provided thereon so as to take up a
checking position against plane portions of the said wings or cams, where they
remain at rest until the wire has changed from one spindle to the other, when they
immediately return to the initial position. The plate wherein the spindle-heads
are supported is provided with a rectilinear slot to facilitate the changing or
shifting of the wires.
At the same time as the wires are changed, a rotary draw-roller is also
displaced; the object of such roller being to engage with the meshes of the wire-
plaiting, on either side of each of the twisted strands, by means of pios with which
it is provided for the purpose, and to draw and adjust the wires in their relative
positions in the plaiting. According to the direction in which the wires are
shifted this rotary cylinder will move either to the left or to the right a distance
equal to half the width of a mesh, whereby the series of twisted strands just
formed is also, consequently, displaced by one half of the width of a mesh in
relation to the series next to be completed, the meshes being thereby rendered
perfectly regular and uniform in shape and position.
All the movements herein described are so regulated that two, three, four or
more revolutions are completed by the spool-wheels and spindles, before the
change-plates, the draw-roller and the brake-plates are shifted. The transmission
of motion to the spool-wheels and spindles may, if preferred, be arranged to stop
temporarily during the shifting or changing. The change movements are best
produced by means of cam-grooves. For each spool-wheel (which may be in the
shape of a worm wheel, for example) a special driving wheel (being another worm
wheel) may be provided; the odd-numbered and the even-numbered of these
wheels being mounted on separate shafts, respectively, one shaft being common to
all the wheels of the same class.
And in order that my invention may be fully understood I now proceed to
describe the same in a more detailed manner, reference being made to the
accompanying drawings, of which
Figure 1 is the front elevation of a wire netting machine embodying the present
improvements, the middle portion being broken away;
Figure 2 is a side view of same,
Figure 3 a cross section on line 3-3 Figure 1, some parts of the machine
being omitted.
Figure 4 is a plan of a portion of the upper netting apparatus, showing the
arrangement and form of the brake plates as also of the cams for shifting the same.

page_text: Figure 5. is a plan of the lower netting apparatus, part of the shafts D¹ and D*
also of the bearing plate E' and the table E being broken away, and the change
plates and levers represented in their outer position.
Figure 6 is a plan of the table E with a part of same broken away, the change
plates and levers being seen in their inner position.
Figures 7, 8 and 9 are front elevations, and Figures 7, 8 and 9 plans of a
portion of the upper netting apparatus, illustrating the position of the parts and
the shifting of the change wires during the formation of a row of meshes.
Figure 10 shows one of the change levers seen from the underside, and
Figure 11 represents a portion of the wire netting.
With reference to Figures 1, and 3, A1, A2, A³
A35 are the tubular
spool holders of which there are for instance 35. Each of them is provided at the
bottom with a short centrally situated pin a having a central hole for receiving an
axis a' on which is passed the machine-spool proper a. As shown in Figure 3,
the tubular spool holder is half opeu on the side to allow the axis a' with the
spool a mounted thereon to be inserted in the holder.
H', H³, H³... H are the netting spindles which are inserted into, and secured
to, the upper open ends of the spool holders, and their heads are supported and
guided in circular bearings provided for in the upper table E', as shown in Figure 3.
The said bearings are seen in plan in Figure 4.
Each spool holder is fixed by means of its pin a² in the central bore of a worm-
wheel respectively b³, 1², b³
635, these worm wheels being supported in the
lower table E, Figure 3. Thus each spool holder forms with its worm-wheel and
netting spindle a whole capable of rotating bodily about its geometrical axis. As
shown in Figure 5 the said worm wheels are placed with their axis in the angles of
a zig-zag line so as to form two parallel rows, the wheels of one row alternating
with those of the other row. The front row comprises the odd-numbered worm
and the back row the even numbered ones 62 64 66...
are geared with worm
wheels B. B³ B
mounted on A common shaft D, and the worm
wheels 3 34 3 are geared with worm wheels B2 B4 B . . fixed on a common
shaft D³ parallel to shaft D. The shaft D' and D2 are geared together by means
of identical toothed wheels d' and d³, Figure 2. The shaft D¹ is provided with
driving pulleys D. By this arrangement the worm wheels 24
wheels bbs bb
•
"
(Figures 1 and 5). The worm wheels b', ³,
•
8,35
are caused to rotate simultaneously and so that the even numbered ones always
turn to the right, and the odd numbered ones to the left. As is clearly to be seen
from Figure 3, the two rows of spool holders with their worm wheels and netting
spindles are inclined towards the symmetrical plane at such an angle that the
points in which their geometrical axis intersect the upper surface of the table E³,
are all in one straight line, so that the netting heads are placed' in one straight row
side by side. In Figure 4 the numerals 1, 2, 3°. indicate those points of inter-
section. This arrangement renders it necessary to give the spool holders a conical
form. It is obvious that the spool holders may also be arranged in one straight
row; but I prefer to arrange them in two rows as described, as by this arrange-
ment the machine is enabled to contain spools, wound with a considerably greater
length of wire.
The wires wound upon the machine spools a are indicated by the letters
y¹ y² y³ . . . . . y³.
"
The wires furnished by the outer spools, of which one, O', is shown in Figure 2,
are indicated by the letters 1, 2², 23. 3. These are the "change-wires.'
Each of them passes from its spool under a common guide-roller o and through a
hole e in the free end of a lever respectively c¹, e², c³, c1. c arranged, as will be
described hereafter, below the table E supporting the bearing plate E! (Figure 3),
from thence through identically arranged zig-zag slots e', e' in table E, and bearing
plate E (Figures 3 and 5), and one of the slots of the respective worm
wheel (b,, ... (Figures 3 and 5), up at the outside of the respective spool
holder, and out through one of the slots et in the respective netting heat. The

page_text: · BIOLS e ana e are arranged as stated in the general description, and the slots e are
cut sufficiently deep for preventing the change wires from interfering with the
driving worm wheels B¹, B³, B³.
The "under change" i.e. the change of the wires respectively a¹
and
.., from one row of worm wheels in the other is effected by the following
arrangement.
The change-levers c', c², c³ care arranged below the table E in a similar
manner as the spool holders on the plate E, that is to say, in two parallel rows, the
back row comprising the even numbered levers and the front row the odd numbered
ones, the levers of one row alternating with those of the other row (Figures 3, 5
and 6). The levers c¹³ ³..
..... are pivotted to a common plate C, and the
levers ... to a common plate C, whilst with their free ends, having the
holes e (Figure 10), they are engaged in the zig-zag slot e¹ of table E (Figures 5
and 6) and normally lie in the angles of the same. At each end the
plates C and C' are guided in horizontal grooves C8 C° (Figures 2) and connected,
by means of bent levers C4 C5, which are pivoted at their knees, with the under
corners of a vertically movable rectangular frame C guided by the block-like
rectangular shaped bearing C of a shaft D. On the latter is fixed a toothed
wheel D³ geared with a toothed wheel d³ mounted on the shaft D2. On its face
opposite the frame C the wheel D³ is provided with a cam groove C³ in which is
engaged a pin C' fixed on the said frame (Figure 2). Thus, when the machine is
working, the frames C¹ are caused to rise and descend alternately and in doing so
they shift the plates C and C on their supports C* fixed to the table E. When
the frames are rising the said plates are caused to move from each other, whereas
they are caused to move towards each other when said frames are descending.
According as the twisted strands are to be produced by two, three, four, five or
more revolutions of the worm wheels ... the relation between the toothed
of
wheels and D³ has to be 1: 4, 1 : 6, 18, 1: 10.. In the present instance
the said worm-wheels are supposed to make five revolutions, and the cam
groove C to be so constructed as to allow two "changes" to take place during
one revolution, each change being effected during a determinate fraction of the
respective half revolution so that the plates Cª C' remain in the adjusted
position during the other part of the same. Figures 5 and 6 show the two
plates C and C' respectively in the outer and inner positions. On being shifted
from the position Figure 5 into the position Figure 6 the levers c c c..
plate C7 slide into the zig-zag slot e¹ of table E to the right from front to back,
whereas the levers c c c. of plate C slide to the right from back to front, so
that takes the place of c², c² the place of c³, the place of .... Accordingly
the change wires contained in the slots et of the worm-wheela b', b, b... are
shifted into the slots of the worm wheels 6 6+ 6..., and the wires contained
in the slots of the wheels 6 6 be.. into the slots e of the wheels 636 67...
When hereafter the plates C C7 are caused to move away from each other ie. to
change from the position Figure 6 into the position Figure 5, the levers return
to their original position, that is to say, those connected with plate C' are caused
to slide to the left from back to front, and those pivoted to plate C slide to the
left from front to back, whereby the wires are caused to change from 62 64 66. .
into . and from 35 67. . . . into 62, b, b
As represented in Figure 10 the change-levers, c3 being taken as an example, are
each combined with a flat spring c* in such wise that the latter is at one end engaged
with the plate and at the other end with the lever, so that the said spring is given a
tendency of maintaining the lever at a right angle to the lever, whereby the proper
direction of shifting is ensured.
To enable the change wires to be shifted as stated, the bearing plate E is
provided with a zig-zag slot 3 Figure 5 which corresponds in all regards with the
zig-zag slot el of table E.
For allowing the shifting of the change wires in relation to the netting
spindles H H. .'Has the latter are provided each with two slots e* (Figures 7,8
-

page_text: and 9) arranged as stated in the general part of this description, and the table E
with a single straight slot e (Fig. 4). This change is effected as follows:-
. Each netting spindle is provided on its head with a wing shaped cam W
which is loosely mounted on an upright axis h¹ (Figure 7) screwed into the
head, a splint preventing the cam from rising when caused to turn. These
wings are so arranged that those of the even numbered spindles are at the left
when the odd numbered ones are at the right and vice versa. As will be clearly
understood by examining Figures 7, 8 and 9, the change wire, that lettered
being taken as an example, on being moved round by the slot e of the head
of spindle H comes against the wing W of that head, as indicated by a dotted
arc of a circle ' in Figure 7, and then drives the same around as long as it is
not arrested. This arresting or checking of the wings is the function of the
plates FF (Figures 3, 4, 7, 8, 9), which are parallel to each other in a
horizontal plane and extend respectively along the front and the back of the
row of wings. These plates, or brake-plates as I call them, are provided with
projections respectively and in face of the wings, and can be caused to
move towards and from each other by means of the following arrangement.
Each of the plates is at each end fixed to a sliding piece, respectively and f
having a pin engaged into the cam groove F of a horizontal disk F* fixed on top
of the vertical shaft Figure 1, which receives motion from the shaft D¹
through the agency of bevel gearing n³ nº. The arrangement is such, that when
the change plates C C7 are about to enter into action, the brake plates are
shifted towards each other with their projections into the path of the plane
surfaces w of the wings, so that the latter are arrested when their surfaces w
come against the said projections. In this arresting position the brake plates
are allowed to remain until the change is effected, when they are moved from
each other, so that the wings are free to turn when the received change wires
come against them. When the wing is arrested as described, the change-wire
that has driven it, being still moved around by the netting spindle, will be forced
outward by the wing towards and into the one of the neighboured spindles into
which it has to be changed, as shown in Figure 7. At the time the changed wires
come against the wings of the respective netting spindles they have been shifted
into, the brake plates F1 F have sufficiently moved back to allow the wings to be
rotated by the wires (see Figure 8).
On the top of the axis his fixed a conical piece & flattened on opposite sides
which serves as a guide and support for the change wire while being threaded
together with the corresponding machine wire.
The wires y y y³ . wound on the machine spools a¹ a² a³ a³ are not
affected by the change but remain in their respective netting spindles. As shown
in Figures 3 and 74 each of them passes through a central bore of the spindle
and the piece h,.80 as to come out from the top of the latter.
-
:
While the netting operation is performing, the wires are uniformly and regularly
drawn from the spools by means of the draw roller N' having pins n to engage
with the strands, as shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9ª. The shafts N* of said roller,
which is supported in the bearings n*, Figure 1, carries on each end, or on one end
only, a worm wheel n which engages with a worm n³ on the end of the vertical
shaft n' of the brake disk. F*. Thus the draw roller is continuously rotated whereby
the wires are regularly drawn out. This draw roller has also the function of
causing the twisted strand of each following row of strands to regularly alternate
with those of the preceding row.. For this purpose the shaft N is connected at
its right hand through the bent lever n', pivoted at its knee, and the rod n
with the frame C placed on that side of the machine, so as to be shifted to
the left or to the right according as the said frame is caused to rise or to
descend to shift the change plates. Thus the draw roller is shifted each time
the wires are caused to change, the arrangement being such that the roller is shifted
a distance equal to half the width of a mesh of the wire netting to be produced:
B

page_text: Nå is a roller mounted in arms N on the back of the machine, on which the wire
netting N is wound up as it is delivered from the draw roller.
With reference to Figures 7, 7, 8, 8, 9 and 9 the netting performs as follows,
the change wire being taken as an example.
In Figure 7 the change wire is in the netting spindle H³ (and consequently
in the worm wheel 623) and is twisted together with the machine wire y. As
spindle H23 rotates to the left, the threads 33 form a left hand twisted strand,
whilst simultaneously the neighboured spindles Hand H2, as they are turning to
the right, produce right hand twisted-strands.
:
With the change occurring next, the change wire 23 is shifted with its lower
portion into the worm-wheel 5 and with its upper portion into the spindle H
(Figures 8 and 8) and thus is twisted together with the machine wire y. As the
spindle H is turning to the right, the strand produced is a right hand twisted one
(Figure 9). At the same time the change takes place, the draw-roller. N¹ is
displaced to the right, as indicated by the arrow in Figure 8, a distance equal to
half the width of a mesh so that the following series of strands formed by
twisting together the wires y, a² ya
are produced in the middle
line of the meshes of the preceding row. When the following change takes place
the change wire 23 is caused to return into the worn wheel 63 and the spindle H
(Figure 94), and the draw roller is displaced to the left in the position it occupied
before being shifted to the right.
Owing to the particularity of the machine that the even numbered spindles
continuously turn in one direction and the odd numbered ones in the opposite
direction and that only one series of wires is shifted alternately to the right and
back to the left, the wire netting made, with a machine of this description is
characteristically distinguished from any existing machine made wire netting by the
fact that those twists which extend in a row across the netting, .e. in the direction
of its width, are twisted in alternate, directions as is clearly shown in Figure 11
which represents a piece of the new wire netting.
.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
!
1. In a wire-netting machine with the even-numbered netting-spindles con-
tinuously turning in one direction and the odd numbered ones in opposite direction,
the combination, with two series of thread spools, one series. being located in the
machine and the other series without the same, and one netting spindle for each
spool of the first named series; of wire changing apparatus so arranged and
constructed as to alternately shift the threads of the first named series of spools
from the left to the right and from the right to the left or inversely, whilst the
thread of each of the first named spools remains continuously in the respective
netting, spindle, substantially as described.
2. In a wire-netting machine as claimed under 1, the combination with the driven
wheels, transmitting motion to the spools located in the machine, and the netting
spindles, of tubular holders adapted for containing said. spools, each netting spindle
being mounted on the upper end of the holder of the respective spool, and the lower
end of the holder. being fixed to the respective wheel, so that the wheel, the holler
and the netting spindle turn bodily about the geometrical axis of the holder, all
substantially as described and for the purpose stated.
3. In a wire-netting machine as clained under 1, the combination, with the spools
located in the machine, their driving wheels and the netting spindles, of cone
shaped spool holders, arranged with their respective wheels in the angles of a
aig-zag line, the two rows, thus formed, being so inclined towards the symmetrical
plane that the netting spindles connected with the upper ends of the holders, are
placed in one straight row, substantially as and for the purpose stated.
$
4 In a wire-netting machine as claimed under 1, the combination with the

page_text: netting spindles having slotted heads for receiving the wires of the spools placed
without the machine, of wing shaped cames loosely mounted on the top of the
spindles for guiding the said wires when the change is to be effected, and mechanism.
for automatically arresting said cames when moved in the position by the pressure
exerted on them by the said wires, all substantially as and for the purpose
described.
Dated this 24th day of January 1896.
HASELTINE LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.