IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COCKS AND VALVES FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Furness, of Heaton Norris, in the County
of Lancaster, Brassfinisher, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF COCKS AND VALVES FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF
LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS.”
Sealed the 25th March 1875, and dated the 25th September 1874.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Furness at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th September 1874.
I, GEORGE FURNESS, of Heaton Norris, in the County of Lancaster,
Brassfinisher, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COCKS AND VALVES FOR CONTROLLING THE
FLOW OF LIQUIDS AND FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object, first, the construction of an improved
form of plug cock for controlling the flow of steam and other hot fluids,
whereby the tendency of the plug to stick or jamb fast in the body of
the cock by reason of unequal expansion is entirely obviated; and

page_text: secondly, this Invention relates to steam, water, and other valves
actuated by a screwed spindle, and to a novel method of rendering such
spindle steam or water-tight under any pressure, and this without the
assistance of a stuffing box.
In the construction of my improved plug cock I form the cock body
with a jacket or space surrounding the plug, which jacket communicates
with or is open to the inlet side of the cock, so that the steam or other
heated liquid or fluid has constant access to this jacket, and thus keeps
the plug and cock body at one even temperature. This construction of
plug cock permits the passage to be constructed directly through the
plug, and the plug to be mounted in the ordinary manner or to be
inverted in the body.
As applied to valves this Invention consists in forming the spindle
separately from the screw which raises and lowers the valve, and in
arranging an inverted valve at the lower end of this spindle which works
against a corresponding valve seating formed in the inside of the screwed
cover of the body of the valve, and thus keeps such spindle perfectly
steam or water-tight. In order that such spindle shall still be capable
of turning the screw, and thus open and close the main valve I construct
a long square upon the lower extremity of the spindle which fits into a
corresponding shaped hole in the screw, so that the screw is at liberty to
revolve with the spindle, and at the same time to screw up and down in
the ordinary manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,.
filed by the said George Furness in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 25th March 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
FURNESS, of Heaton Norris, in the County of Lancaster, Brassfinisher,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fifth day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the
thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said George Furness, Her special

page_text: Fig. 4 is a side sectional view of a stop valve fitted with one of my
improved spindles, whereby a stuffing box is dispensed with, and Fig. 5
is a side view partly in section of a set of water gauge cocks constructed
with jacketed bodies in accordance with my Invention and embracing
part of the improvements illustrated in Fig. 4, as herein-after described.
In constructing my improved plug-cock as seen in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, I
form the cock body A with a jacket or space B surrounding the plug C,
and this jacket communicates with or is open to the inlet side D of the
cock, so that the steam or other heated liquid or fluid has constant
access to this jacket, and also through the opening E with the interior of
the plug C, and thus keeps the plug and cock body at one even
temperature. It will thus be seen that this construction of plug cock
permits a passage F and F¹ to be constructed directly through the
plug C and cock body A, and although I have shewn the plug as
inverted in the barrel it will be apparent that this description of plug
cock may be made with the plug mounted in the ordinary manner. In
this case the screwed cap G is dispensed with and the plug C is extended
outwards, and has the ordinary square (to receiver a lever or handle)
formed at that end as seen by the dotted lines in Fig. 1. Instead of
having the opening E a small hole E¹ may be formed through the inner
shell A at a point opposite to the passage through the plug when such
plug is turned in the body to the shut position, viz., as seen dotted in
Fig. 1.
I prefer to construct the outlet passage F¹ in the cock body rather
wider than the inlet passage at the opposite side, and thus ensure the
removal of any sediment or obstruction which might otherwise tend to
collect in the jacket B or interior of the plug, as the first rush of the
liquid or fluid would take place through the jacket B, thence through
the opening E, and finally escape from the interior of the plug through
the outlet passage F¹, whilst at the same time any cold liquid lodging
in the jacket is removed and the temperature of the plug and cock body
is instantly equalised. This method of jacketing plug cocks is applicable
to stop cocks, bib cocks, water gauge cocks, test cocks, and all other
description of plug cocks.
In Fig. 4, the spindle H is separate from the screw I, which raises
and lowers the valve J, and two inverted valve faces Ķ are formed upon
the spindle which work against corresponding valve seatings formed in

page_text: 1st. The construction of jacketed plug cocks having a passage directly
through their plugs and bodies or barrels, substantially as herein-before
described and illustrated on the accompanying Drawing.
2nd. The application of one or more inverted valve surfaces to the
spindles of steam, water, and other valves, whereby a stuffing box is
dispensed with, as and for the purposes herein-before described and
illustrated on the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Furness, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this 24th day of March, in the year of our
Lord 1875.