IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER- CLOSETS, AND THE VALVES AND APPLIANCES FOR THE SAME
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Demarest, of the City and State of New York;
United States of America, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER-
CLOSETS, AND THE VALVES AND APPLIANCES FOR THE SAME."
Scaled the 27th September 1878, and dated the 15th July 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Demarest at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th July 1878.
JOHN DEMAREST, of the City and State of New York, United States of America.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERCLOSETS, AND THE VALVES AND APPLIANCES FOR THE
SAME."
The bowl has an inclined bottom to an opening in the side that is adjacent to a
valve seat around the upper end of the sewer pipe or trap. A cylinder forms a
valve for this seat, in which cylinder there is an opening and an overflow dam for
the surplus water that runs into the basin. This cylindrical valve is raised and
lowered by the pull. At the side of the bowl is a valve chamber into which the
water flows and rises to the same height as that in the bowl, and in this chamber
is the said cylindrical valve, also a float and lever that acts to open the water
supply valve when the float descends, and to allow the valve to close automatically
by the pressure of the water when the float is raised. The water supply valve has
a stem that moves through the main valve, this main valve closes against a seat in
the valve case between the water supply coupling and the pipe that leads off to the
basin. Inside the closet basin is a slotted tubular spreader that serves to direct the
water around the inside of the basin, and cleanse the same.
The water supply valve case is within the chamber that contains the cylindrical
valve and float, and holes are provided to rince out such chamber when the water
is running. The case of the supply valve passes through a hole in the chamber, and
is clamped by a nut. A removable cap to this case allows the water supply valve
to be removed for cleaning without disturbing the coupling pipes.
A metal plate is connected to the woodwork surrounding the closet; the upper
surface of this plate is dishing, and there is a downward flange that passes inside
the top of the basin. This plate prevents water being spilled when poured into the
watercloset. The wooden seat is above this metal slop plate.

page_text: •
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said John Demarest in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th
January 1879.
JOHN DEMAREST, of the City and State of New York, United States of America.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WATERCLOSETS, AND THE VALVES AND APPLIANCES FOR THE
SAME."
The bowl has an inclined bottom to an opening in the side that is adjacent to a
valve seat around the upper end of the sewer pipe or trap. A cylinder forms a
valve for this seat, in which cylinder there is an opening and an overflow dam for
the surplus water that runs into the basin. This cylindrical valve is raised and
lowered by the pull. At the side of the bowl is a valve chamber into which the
water flows and rises to the same hight as that in the bowl, and in this chamber is the
said cylindrical valve; also a float and lever that acts to open the water supply
valve when the float descends, and to allow the valve to close automatically by the
pressure of the water when the float is raised.
The water supply valve has a stem that moves through the main valve; this
main valve closes against a seat in the valve case between the water supply
coupling and the pipe that leads off to the basin. Inside the closet basin is a
slotted tubular spreader that serves to direct the water around the inside of the
basin, and cleanse the same.
The water supply case is within the chamber that contains the cylindrical valve
and float, and holes are provided to rinse out such chamber when the water is
running. The case of the supply valve passes through a hole in the chamber, and
is clamped by a nut.
A removable cap to this case allows the water supply valve to be removed for
cleaning without disturbing the coupling pipes.
A metal plate is connected to the woodwork surrounding the closet; the upper
surface of this plate is dishing, and there is a downward flange that passes inside
the top of the basin. This plate prevents water being spilled when poured into the
watercloset. The wooden seat is above this metal slop plate.
In the Drawing,--
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the watercloset; Fig. 2 is a section transversely at
the line x, x, and Fig. 3 is a section of the fan for spreading the water that runs into
the basin; Fig. 4 is a section of the supply valve in larger size; Fig. 5 is a section
of the slop safe for the watercloset; Fig. 6 is a plan view of the safe detached.
The basin a is of porcelain, porcelain-lined metal, or other material in about the
form represented, with an inward flange b at the top, and with the bottom 2. in-
clined to the opening 3 leading into the valve chamber. This valve chamber is
made of a cylinder c having a side opening communicating with the opening 3 and
a valve seat at 4.
The upper part of the valve chamber is enlarged to contain the supply valve f
and the float g. At the bottom of the valve chamber is the pipe / communicating
to the trap or sewer pipe at k.
It is generally preferable to use this pipe h that extends to a point centrally
below the basin a, so that this closet may be applied to the trap or sewer pipe
provided for an ordinary pan closet; but the pipe k may be vertical and pass from
the valve seat 4 to an ordinary trap in the sewer pipe.
The discharge valve is made as a cylinder e with an elastic surface 5 near its
lower edge to rest upon the seat 4, and the upper end of this cylinder e is closed
and provided with a rod that passes up through the cup m and terminates as a
handle, by means of which the valve cylinder e can be lifted from its seat 4 to
allow the contents of the pan to escape laterally and pass down through the
pipe h.
When this valve cylinder is dropped it closes the pipe h by resting upon the scat,

page_text: and the water supplied into the pan accumulates and rises in the pan and around
the cylinder e; and I provide an overflow trap in this cylinder e.
This overflow
trap is made by the dam n within the cylinder e, the upper edge of which is at the
hight required for the water in the basin a, and there is an opening 7 in the side of
the cylinder e that is lower than the top of the dam n, hence the accumulation of
water causes it to rise above this opening, and thereby prevent smell from passing
out of the trap or sewer pipe. At the same time any surplus water is free to flow
over the edge of the dam n.
There is a cover o to the valve chamber c, and the central portion of that cover is
made as a cylinder o' that is large enough for the valve cylinder e to pass through
it, hence this cylinder e can be lifted out whenever desired, either for cleaning or
repairing the valve or the other parts, or for giving access to the valve seat and
chamber for cleaning.
The socket for the pull is preferably screwed to the upper end of this cylindrical
opening o', and can be removed therefrom so that the woodwork is not disturbed
for cleaning or repairs.
The cylinder of the supply valve has an inlet pipe r below the seats and the
outlet pipet to the basin above said seat. Below this seat is a valve u fitting
loosely into the cylinder f, and its upper conical surface forms the valve that closes
against the seat 8. A spindle v passes through the top of the cylinder f down
through the main valve u, and its lower end. forms an auxiliary valve 10. The -
upper end of this spindle vis connected with the lever u¹ and its float g.
The operation of the valve is such that when the water in the pan and valve
chamber falls the float descends, and by its lever forces down the spindle v, opening
the auxiliary valve 10, and allowing the water under pressure beneath the main
valve u to escape upwardly through that valve, and hence this main valvo u is
unsupported and drops from its seat 8, and allows the water to pass freely to the
pan.
When the float rises it closes the small or auxiliary valve 10, and also tends to
lift the main valve u, and the water passing into the chamber below the main valve
u lifts the same against the seat, effectually closing the passage of water into the
pan, and thus it remains until the float again falls.
It is preferable to have a screw u³ in the lever u¹ resting upon the top of the
valve stem v. By screwing this screw down the float g will be raised, and hence it
will not act to cause the valve to close until the water is at a higher level, and the
reverse when the screw is turned the other way. The removable cap u* in the top
of the chamber c allows the insertion of a screwdriver for turning this screw u³.
The spring c serves to counterpoise the valve and parts and cause an easy
movement.
and
The chamber c is made with an opening through which the lower part of the
valve case passes, and to which it is clamped by the nut c² around the outside of
said cylinder, so that the cap c³ screwed upon the lower end of said cylinder of can
be removed without disturbing the case or cylinder for the connections thereof
within the chamber. When the cap is taken off, the valves u, 10, spindle
piston can be taken out of the cylinder f and cleaned, or any obstruction removed
from the valve seat, or the inlet or outlet pipes at their junction with the cylinder,
without disturbing the pipes leading to the valve, or from the valve to the water-
closet, thereby effecting a saving in time and expense, and avoiding risk of injury
to the couplings.
In the basin there is a spreader to direct the water in flushing the closet. This
spreader is at the end of the water supply pipe, and is formed as a tube 12 with
lateral branches 13 and a slot at 14. This slot 14 directs a fan of water downward,
and the tubes 13 direct the water laterally and slightly downwardly, so that they
strike upon and follow the interior surface of the basin a around toward the front
and wash the same thoroughly.
In order to cleanse the interior of the valve chamber and prevent the possibility
of smell from the same, I perforate the upper part of the valve case f with holes as

page_text: .
:
at 20, so that jets of water issue from the same in different directions against the
interior surfaces of the valve chamber.
The metal plate a* is formed of a size adapted to the closet with which it is to be
used. Said plate is dishing toward the middle, and provided with a central opening
and a downward flange at b.
.
There is also a rim or flange ct at each side and at the back to set against the
edge of the wooden seat frame f*, or within a groove in its under surface, the
object of this rim or flange being to prevent any water that may be spilled on the
slop safe running over the edge.
The front part of the safe is supported by the vertical panel or front g¹ of the
watercloset casing, and the back of such safe rests at h upon a bearing piece
fastened to the wall.
It is preferable to enamel the surface of the plate to facilitate the cleaning, but it
may be galvanized or painted.
:
The seat of wood or other suitable material is hinged at it, and is to be swung
up when not in use.
I claim as my Invention,-
First. The combination with the basin a and valve chamber c of the hollow
cylindrical discharge valve closed at the top, and provided with a dam and an
overflow opening, substantially as set forth.
· Second. The water supply valve made with a main valve u fitting loosely the
case f, and closing upwardly, and an auxiliary valve closing an opening through the
main valve, substantially as set forth.
Third. The valve cylinder within the chamber containing the cylindrical valve
e, and provided with holes in said case f for jets of water to cleanse the interior of
the said chamber, substantially as set forth.
Fourth. The spreader made of the tubes 12 and 13, and having a slit 14, sub-
stantially as set forth.
Fifth. The chamber c of the watercloset having an opening through the bottom
thereof, in combination with the valve cylinder that passes through said opening,
the nut c² for holding the cylinder f, and the removable cap es, valve and controling
piston, substantially as set forth.
Sixth. The slop safe for waterclosets made of cast iron, having the downward
flange b and the upward flanges c, as and for the purposes set forth. .
In witness whereof, I, the said John Demarest, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of December, A.D. 1878.
TATAT
Witnesses,
CHAS. H. SMITH, 76, Chambers St., New York.
GEO. T. PINCKNEY
"
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JOHN DEMAREST. (L.S.)