Improvements in or relating to Machines for Clay Working.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Dec., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 24th Aug., 1894-Accepted, 20th Oct., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Machines for Clay Working.
We, FRANCIS LEIGH CARSLAKE and ROBERT YARDE FOLEY both of
The Somerset Trading Company Limited, of Bridgwater, in the County of
Somerset, Merchants, do hereby declaro the nature of this invention to be as
follows
--
The improvement relates to a shaping collar or end fixed between the pugmill
or plunger and the die. The collar is flanged at both ends and is preferably of
the same diameter as the orifice of the mill and may taper and vary in length
according to the nature of the goods to be made and the lead it is advisable to
give the clay before entering the die. Within the collar are fixed metal bosses
plates guides or the like so arranged as to taper from the mill end towards the
die and roughly to shape the clay into the required form before it enters the die.
Some of the advantages of this shaping collar or end over the ordinary plain
straight or tapered ends are:-
a. The feed of clay to the die can be so regulated that all parts of the die are
filled simultaneously and the clay runs through all parts of the die at the same
speed and so broken corners and other difficulties are avoided.
b. By this invention it is possible to make through dies a great variety of clay
goods including roofing tiles ridge tiles and garden border tiles besides bricks
drain pipes etc. and it will enable most clays however stubborn to be run through
a die.
This shaping collar can be used in power or hand machines.
Dated this 8th day of Masambon 1002
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicants.
Improvements in or relating to Machines for Clay Working.
We, FRANCIS LEIGH CARSLAKE and ROBERT YARDE FOLEY, both of
The Somerset Trading Company, Limited, of Bridgwater, in the County of
Somerset, Merchants, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The improvement relates to a shaping collar or end fixed between the pug-mill
or plunger and the die. The collar is flanged at both ends and is preferably of
the same diameter as the orifice of the mill and may taper and vary in length
according to the nature of the goods to be made and the lead it is advisable to
give the clay before entering the die. Within the collar are fixed metal bosses
plates guides or the like so arranged as to taper from the mill end towards the die
and roughly to shape the clay into the required form before it enters the die.
Some of the advantages of this shaping collar or end over the ordinary plain
straight or tapered ends are:-
(a) The feed of clay to the die can be so regulated that all parts of the die are
filled simultaneously and the clay runs through all parts of the die at the same
speed, and so broken corners and other difficulties are avoided.

page_text: (b) By this invention it is possible to make through dies a great variety of clay
goods including roofing tiles ridge tiles, and garden border tiles besides bricks,
drain pipes, etc., and it will enable most clays however stubborn to be run through
a die.
This shaping collar can be used in power or hand machines.
The accompanying drawings show the invention as adapted to the formation of
ridge tiles. In these, Figure 1 shows a vertical section through the shaping collar
and the usual roughing and finishing dies,
Figure 2 being a view of the back of the shaping collar and dies as seen from
the line 2-2 of Figure 1.
Like letters represent like parts in both figures.
A is a block of any suitable material say for example wood faced with copper or
brass or other suitable material at A' or the whole block may be made of metal.
B represents the discharging orifice of the pug-mill or other device by which the
clay is forced into the shaping collar A. C represents the opening or through-way
in the shaping collar A; this opening C would be made of any shape and size
required by articles to be produced, but in all cases it is so arranged as to slope
easily towards the outer face A2 of the shaping collar so as to lead or direct the
clay or other plastic material towards its outer face A' upon which the dies D
and E are secured, and shape it with as little friction as practicable. The roughing
die D may be made of any suitable material say brass and has an opening or
orifice D' larger at the entering side or face D' where it abuts against the collars A
and approximately of the shape and size of the finished article at its leaving
side or face D³ so that as the plastic material leaves the roughing die D it is
approximately of the finished proportions and merely requires to be smoothed over
and finished by the finishing die E, the opening E' in which may be slightly tapered
or parallel. F is a leather or other washer or packing interposed between the
dies D and E; the opening F¹ in this is larger than the opening in the finishing
die E or the opening at the leaving face D³ of the roughing die D so as to allow
of a suitable lubricant say for example oil or water being applied to facilitate the
passage of the material through the dies and assist in giving it a good surface.
G is a mandrel for forming the hole in the roll of the ridge tile; the edge G'is
preferably sharp so as to serve as a cutting edge which assists in dividing the mass
of clay forced by the pug-mill into the opening C. The end of this mandrel at G
is circular to produce the round hole required in the roll. The mandrel G is only
required in certain goods such for example as these ridge tiles and may be dispensed
with when not needed; it may be secured in any convenient manner in the shaping
collar A as by the bolts or pins G³ or it may be formed in a piece with the rest of
the collar or may be brazed or otherwise secured to the lining A' when that is used.
The shaping collar A may be secured to the end of the pug-mill in any desired
manner say conveniently by bolts passing through the holes A³ in the collar
and B in the flange at the end of the pug-mill; the roughing and finishing dies D
and E may also be secured in any convenient way as by bolting them on to the
collar A.
The plastic clay upon leaving the pug-mill is forced into the opening C in
the shaping collar A the sloping walls of which gradually divide and shape it
until it assumes the angular form shown in Figure 2, the spaces E¹ in which
represent the opening E in the finishing die and indicate the shape of the finished
tile. It will be observed that by using this shaping collar a gradual shaping of
the plastic material passing through it is effected, whereas if the roughing die D
were secured directly on to the end of the pug-mill B the clay would be more
roughly treated and more suddenly compressed whereby the appearance of the
finished article is liable to be injured. Another advantage of this shaping collar
is that it can be readily exchanged for another one of different shape or size when
it is required to produce other goods, the appropriate dies being if desired
permanently secured to each collar and changed with it,

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. In apparatus for the manufacture of tiles and other articles from plastic clay
or the like the employment of a shaping collar between the pug-mill and the die
substantially as described.
2. In apparatus for the manufacture of tiles and other articles from plastic clay
or the like the combination with the die of a shaping collar such as A substantially
as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
3. In apparatus for the manufacture of tiles and other articles from plastic clay
or the like the combination with the pug-mill or other forcing device of a shaping
collar such as A dies D and E and packing F substantially as described and
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
וה
F. L. CARSLAKE.
R. Y. FOLEY.
W. P. Thompson & Boult,
Agents for the Applicants.