AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF JUJUBES AND OTHER ARTICLES OF CONFECTIONERY.
Year: 1874

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Hawker, of Lee, in the County of Kent,
for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF JUJUBES
AND OTHER ARTICLES OF CONFECTIONERY.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Hawker at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th June 1874.
I, EDWIN HAWKER, of Lee, in the County of Kent, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF JUJUBES AND OTHER ARTICLES OF CONFECTIONERY," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the manufacture of jujubes and boiled sugar
goods or confectionery. As made and sold hitherto these articles have
been very liable to adhere together in a mass, rendering it necessary to
pack them in tins in order to preserve them. Morcover they are liable
to get dull on the surface and unsightly, and consequently unsaleable, a
considerable quantity of goods being on this account frequently returned

page_text: to the manufacturer, whereby much loss in incurred.
Now by my
Invention I am enabled to avoid these defects, besides securing other
important advantages, as hercafter enumerated.
My Invention consists in coating, covering, or encasing jujubes or
gum goods of all kinds, whether in the sheet, cut, or pastille form, as
also boiled sugar goods or confectionery with a solution of gelatine, or
of isinglass or fish gelatine, or both, or a compound in which only onc
or more of these materials form the chief constituents.
The coating is applied by dipping the goods manufactured in the
ordinary way into the said solution. By the application of this coating
the jujubes and other goods are no longer liable to adhere together, and
they are rendered unalterable from age. Morcover an economy in the
cost of manufacture is effected, and the quality of the goods improved,
inasmuch as the jujubes require less: boiling, and may be sold in a much
softer state than hitherto. They also retain their full flavor, which has
heretofore been in great part lost, owing to the excessive boiling necessary
to harden the jujubes sufficiently to render them saleable. Besides these
advantages tius need not be used as packages by the retailer, there is
no loss of weight from age, the goods have a better appearance, do
not get dull on the surface, and can be boxed the same day that they are
made.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Edwin Hawker in the Great Scal Patent Office on
the 19th December 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWIN :
HAWKER, of Lee, in the County of Kent, send greeting.
'
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Niniteenth day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Edwin Hawker, Her special
licence that I, the said Edwin Hawker, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Edwin Hawker, my executors
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term

page_text: therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF JUJUBES AND OTHER ARTICLES OF CONFECTIONERY," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Edwin Hawker, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edwin Hawker, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, that is to say) :-
"
My Invention relates to the manufacture of "jujubes ΟΙ "gum
goods" of all kinds and certain classes of boiled sugar goods or con-
fectionery, such for instance as "butter-scotch." As made and sold
hitherto these articles have been very liable to adhere together in a mass,
rendering it necessary to pack them in tins in order to preserve them.
Moreover they are liable to get dull on the surface and unsightly, and
consequently unsaleable, a considerable quantity of goods being for this
reason frequently returned to the manufacturer by the retail vendors,
whereby much loss is incurred. Now by my Invention I am enabled to
avoid these defects, besides securing other important advantages as here-
after enumerated.
65
"
My Invention consists in coating or encasing "jujubes
$
or gum
goods" of all kinds, whether in the "sheet," "cut," "stamped,"
moulded," or $6
'pastil" form, as also certain classes of boiled sugar
goods or confectionery with a film of gelatine, or isinglass, or fish
gelatine, or a compound of two or more of these materials. In some
cases a coating of two materials, or two coatings of the same material
may be separately applied, the first coating being allowed to dry before
the second is applied.
The film or coating is preferably formed or applied by dipping the
goods manufactured in the ordinary way into a warm solution or bath of
the said substance or substances, the goods being then placed on a

page_text: I
suitable stand to dry, or it may be applied in any other suitable way.
prefer to perform this operation as follows:-I transfix cach article to be.
coated on the point of a pin, a number of such pins being fixed at
suitable distances apart along a bar whereby a number of jujubes or
other articles may be simultaneously dipped or immersed in the bath or 5
solution above mentioned, after which they are exposed to a drying
atmosphere at a moderate temperature until the coating is firmly set-
and non-adhesive to the touch. As a matter of convenience a stand,
may be used capable of holding a number of the above-mentioned bars,
each having rows of pins on which the jujubes or other goods are fixed 1
as above mentioned in readiness to be dipped. The dipping should be
done quickly and the excess of solution shaken off, and if necessary the
ends of the whole of the jujubes may be pressed against a wet cloth to
remove the superfluous solution and prevent the formation of drops.
The bar or bars is or are then placed upon the stand, and when full the 1
stand is taken to the drying room, which is to be kept at a temperature.
of at least 80° Fahrenheit. I prefer to drive a current of hot air through
the room. As soon as the jujubes or other goods are sufficiently dry to.
be handled they are removed from the pins and placed in shallow trays,
Different kinds
and left for some time longer in the drying room.
and qualities of goods require solutions or baths of different strengths
and different kinds of gelatine. For instance for clear transparent
gum goods without any fruit in their composition I find the following.
solution answers well, although I do not confine myself to the pro-
portions stated:-I put four ounces of pure sheet gelatine in three.
pints and a half of cold water, and allow it to soak for three hours. I.
then warm the water, preferably by a bath of hot water, and when the.
gelatine is dissolved remove any scum, stir it, and when it is of a
When the goods
temperature of about 90° Fahrenheit it is fit for use.
have fruit substances in their composition I use a solution of the same
strength, but in the place of sheet gelatine I use Nelson's opaque'
gelatine.
For sheet jujubes or other article with a large surface isinglass is to
be preferred, the solution being made of the same strength as the.
above-mentioned solution of gelatine. If necessary the goods can be
coated twice, first with isinglass, and then with gelatine. The same
gelatine solution can be remelted and used for two or three days,

page_text: should be kept warm by immersion in a hot water bath, is kept con-
stantly replenished whilst in use from a supply of hot solution at
hand.
By the application of this coating the jujubes and other goods are no
longer liable to adhere forcibly together, and they are rendered almost
unalterable by age. Morcover an economy in the cost of manufacture
is effected, and the quality of the jujubes and similar goods is improved,
inasmuch as less boiling is required, since they may be sold in a much
softer state than hitherto, the protective coating preventing them from
sticking together. They are thus enabled to retain their full flavor,
which has heretofore been in great part lost owing to the prolonged
boiling necessary to harden jujubes and similar goods sufficiently to
render them saleable. Besides these advantages tins need not be used
as packages, there is but little loss of weight from age, the goods have a
better appearance, they do not get dull on the surface, and can be boxed
the same day that they are made.
"
Having described the nature of the Invention and the manner of per-
forming the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to be
protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, coating,
covering, or encasing "jujubes" or gum goods” and certain classes of
boiled sugar goods or confectionery with a solution of gelatine, or of
isinglass, or of fish gelatine, or of two or more of these materials, as and
for the purposes herein specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edwin Hawker, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
four.