Improvements in Machines for Clipping Hair or Wool.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 11th Mar., 1898-Accepted, 7th May, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Machines for Clipping Hair or Wool.
I, JOON WALKER NEWALL, of 36, Featherstone Street, London, in the County of
Middlesex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which :-
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a machine constructed in accordance
with my invention, and
Fig. 2 is a plan view of same, the upper part B of the main frame or body being
removed.
The machine is of the type in which a cutter V is pressed against a comb W and
vibrated across it by means of a pivotted lever G driven to and fro by an eccentric
pin F on the revolving spindle D.
A, B are the two parts of the main frame or body of the shear.
The lever G has a pivot pin H firmly fixed to it.
The ends of the pin H are seated in but easily detachable from the bushes I, O
which bushes run on rings of balls P which in their turn run on outer bushes K, N.
These bushes and rings of balls are so arranged as to allow the lever to reciprocate
freely about the axis of the pin H but resist motion in every other plane. The
bushes I, O are held in place in the castings A and B by the plates L' and L' and
flexible washers M¹, M² are interposed which fit loosely into grooves in the necks of
the bushes I, O so as to exclude dirt; rings of soft packing may be loosely
compressed into the grooves by the plates in addition to, or in lieu of, the
washers M1, M2 for the same purpose.
I am aware that ball bearings have been used for the pivots of shearing machines;
and that bushes both loose and fixed to the pivot have also been used; but in any
machines hitherto made in which balls have been used, the ball races have been
destroyed sooner or later by the entrance of dust which rendered the use of them
unpractical.
By means of the device here described, namely holding the bushes permanently
in their places in the shear body and packing the joint between the bushes and the
shear body with a soft flexible packing, the ball bearings are kept clean and in good
order while the machine can easily be taken apart for cleaning or examination,
owing to the pin H being detachable from the bushes I, O. When the shear is at
work no motion takes place between the pin H and the bushes I, O, but the whole
of the motion and resistance to cutting pressure is transferred to the ball
bearings.
The lever G being restrained from motion in every plane except that necessary
for reciprocating the cutter, the pressure necessary for cutting can be taken directly.
from the lever. Pressure is transferred to each point of the cutter equally by
means of two forks Q, each bearing at its tail end on one of two pins T, and
passing through guide slots in a bar X at the front end of the lever G.
can rise and fall in the slots in the bar X and their points are pressed
the cutter by means of the spherical headed screw S and the plate R.
rests on the pin U and the shanks of the two forks Q.
These forks
down onto
The plate R

page_text: It is evident that several equivalent devices can be used for transferring
pressure from the lever to the cutter and instead of using the screw S for
equalizing and adjusting the pressure on the cutters, the screw S may be used for
equalizing only and pressure may be adjusted by forming the whole of the upper
ball bearing as a separate piece which can be adjusted vertically by screw or
otherwise.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In machines for cutting hair or wool.
1. The use of a vibrating lever which has its pivot formed as a pin rigidly
connected to the lever and projecting above and below it, which pivot is carried at
each end by bearings which allow the lever to vibrate in the plane necessary for
driving the cutter but prevent motion in every other plane, in combination with a
device for transmitting pressure from the lever to each tooth of the cutter equally,
consisting of loose pieces mounted upon the front part of the lever and balanced
and adjusted substantially as shown and described or in any equivalent manner.
2. The use of a vibrating lever which has its pivot formed as a pin rigidly
attached to the lever and projecting above and below it, the ends of the pivot
being seated in bushes, which bushes revolve on rings of balls, the pivot being
easily detachable from the bushes, while the bushes and balls are held in position
in the shear body by plates or equivalents thereto which together with flexible
washers or packing rings exclude dirt from the balls substantially as shown and
described or in any equivalent manner.
3. The use of a vibrating lever which has its pivot formed as a pin rigidly
connected to the lever and projecting above and below it, the ends of the pivot
being seated in bushes which bushes revolve on rings of balls, the pivot being
easily detachable from the busbes while the bushes and balls are held in place in
the shear body by plates or equivalents thereto which together with flexible washers
or packing rings exclude dirt from the balls, in combination with a device for
transmitting pressure from the lever to each tooth of the cutter equally consisting
of loose pieces mounted upon the front part of the lever, and balanced and adjusted
substantially as shown and described or in any equivalent manner.
Dated this 11th day of March 1898.