IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS AND FURNACES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Hepworth, of Wakefield, in the County of
York, Boiler Maker, and George Wood Bayldon, of Calder Grove,
near Wakefield, aforesaid, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BOILERS AND FURNACES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Hepworth and
George Wood Bayldon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 27th April 1868.
We, JAMES HEPWORTH, of Wakefield, in the County of York, Boiler
Maker, and GEORGE WOOD BAYLDON, of Calder Grove, near Wakefield,
aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE ⚫
MENTS IN BOILERS AND FURNACES," to be as follows:-
'This Invention relates to the construction and arrangement of boilers
and furnaces, and to the mode of firing or working same in order to
promote a better combustion of, and thereby economize the fuel, also
to consume or prevent smoke arising therefrom.
The improvements consist as applied to "Cornish" or flued boilers
in constructing each with an oval flue instead of two as now ordinarily

page_text: placed therein, and in fixing therein a series of small tubes, by preference
in or near a vertical position, and arranged in lines intersecting or
diagonal to the tube, and throughout its whole length. The furnace is
placed to the front of said boiler, and divided into two fire-boxes by a
water space or tank, which enters a short distance into the tube, and is
connected at top and bottom to the boiler by pipes so that water can
circulate through it. Passages or openings are formed through this tank,
and dampers are placed betwixt each fire-box and the boiler flue so that
when firing either of them the damper of that one being fired may be
closed, and thus cause the products of combustion thereof to pass through
the openings into the other fire-box; the damper of which must be open.
Thus the smoke or gases evolved from the newly supplied fuel by being
compelled to pass over and in contact with the incandescent fuel of the
adjoining fire will be consumed or prevented from escaping. As applied
to cylindrical boilers or those not having flues formed through them, the
furnace is placed under the end as usual, but divided by a tank which
extends the whole length of the boiler, and connected thereto by branch
pipes to admit of a circulation of the water. The outer walls of these
furnaces may be of fire-brick, or of metal lined with fire-brick.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said James Hepworth and George Wood Bayldon in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th October 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, JAMES
HEPWORTH, of Wakefield, in the County of York, Boiler Maker, and
GEORGE WOOD BAYLDON, of. Calder Grove, near Wakefield, aforesaid,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of April, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said James Hepworth and George Wood
Bayldon, Her special licence that we, the said James Hepworth and
George Wood Bayldon, our executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as we, the said James Hepworth and George Wood Bayldon,

page_text: our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kindom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BOILERS AND FURNACES," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said James Hepworth and George Wood Bayldon,
our executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our,.
or their, or one of our or their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain, the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said James Hepworth and George
Wood Bayldon, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention,
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accom-
panying Sheet of Drawings (that is to say):-
This Invention relates to the construction and arrangement of boilers
and furnaces, and to the mode of firing or working same in order to
promote a better combustion of and thereby economise the fuel, also to
consume or prevent smoke arising therefrom.
The improvements consist as applied to Cornish or flued boilers in
constructing each with an oval flue instead of two, as now ordinarily
placed therein, and in fixing therein a series of small tubes by preference
in or near a vertical position, and arranged in lines intersecting or
diagonal to the tube and throughout its whole length. The furnace is
placed to the front of said boiler, and divided into two fire-boxes by a
water space or tank, which enters a short distance into the tube and is
connected at top and bottom to the boiler by pipes, so that water can
circulate through it. Passages or openings are formed, through this tank
and dampers are placed betwixt each fire-box and the boiler flue, so
that when firing either of them the damper of that one being fired may
be closed, and thus cause the products of combustion thereof to pass
through the openings into the other fire-box, the damper of which must
be open.
Thus the smoke or gases evolved from the newly supplied fuel
by being compelled to pass over and in contact with the incandescent
fuel of the adjoining fire will be consumed or prevented from escaping.

page_text: As applied
applied to cylindrical boilers or those not having fues formed
through them the furnace is placed under the end as usual, but divided
by a tank which extends the whole length of the boiler, and connected
thereto by branch pipes to admit of a circulation of the water. The
outer walls of these furnaces may be of fire-brick or of metal lined with
fire-brick
пурной
Cymatical boners or those not having nues formed
through them the furnace is placed under the end as usual, but divided
by a tank which extends the whole length of the boiler, and connected
thereto by branch pipes to admit of a circulation of the water. The
outer walls of these furnaces may be of fire-brick or of metal lined with
fire-brick
In order that this Invention may be clearly understood we herein give
reference to an accompanying Sheet of Drawings ullustrating the same.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 represents a dongitudinal and vertical section of a boiler and
furnace constructed in accordance with the said Invention; Fig. 2 is
the front end elevation; Fig. 3 is a cross section taken through the line
A, B, in Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is another cross section taken through the
line C, D, in Fig. 1. It will be seen on reference to Fig. 4, that there
is but one flue E, which is of oval L in section. Within the flue are
inserted a series of pipes or tubes F, Wich by preference we fix therein
by means of screw threads, and it will also be seen that these tubes are
arranged not in straight lines through the flue but in lines diagonal
thereto, or intersecting each other so as to produce a deversion or ziz-zag
course of the flame from the furnaces which are placed at the front end
of the boiler. G is the tank or water space, which is attached to the
boiler flue at top and bottom, so that water can circulate freely. This
tank forms a division betwixt the two fire-boxes H and H¹, and a series
of tubes I are inserted, which form openings or passages for the flame,
smoke, and gases to pass from one fire-box to the other; J and J¹ are
two dampers, which are caused to slide up and down alternately by
means of the hand lever K fixed on one end of a shaft L, on the other
end of which is fixed a lever M connecting the two dampers; N is an
inverted bridge for deflecting the flame in passing from the furnace to
the flue, an ordinary bridge projecting upwards not being used; O are
ordinary grate bars, and P the usual fire-doors.
The method of working these furnaces or fire-boxes is as follows:-
When fuel is fed to the furnace H the damper J must be closed and
the damper J be opened, when the flame, smoke, and gases generated in
the said fire-box H will pass through the tubes I into the fire-box H¹,
thence through under the inverted bridge and betwixt the tubes F, and
when fuel is fed to the fire-box H¹ the damper J' must be closed and the

page_text: By this
damper J opened, when the flame, smoke, and gases generated in the
said fire-box H will in like manner pass through the openings of the
tank into the fire-box, and thence forward through the flue.
construction and arrangement of boiler and furnaces and method of
working the same the smoke generated in the newly fed fire-box will
be consumed by passing over the incandescent fuel or bright fire of
the other fire-box.
Figs. 5 and 6 shew the manner of applying this Invention to the
ordinary egg-ended or cylindrical boiler without internal flue. In this
case we have the water tank to extend the length of the boiler, and
have two sets of dampers, the first placed to work at the bridge and the
other in the flues beyond the boiler, so that the flame, smoke, and
gases will have to pass twice through the openings or passages of the
tank, once in front of the bridge, and again behind the bridge.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Hepworth, for and on behalf
of myself and the said George Wood Bayldon, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-fourth day of October, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named James Hepworth;
in the presence of
ARTHUR B. CROSSLEY,
Clerk to W. Tasker,
Patent Agent,
Halifax & Bradford.
JAMES HEPWORTH. (L.S.)