IMPROVE- MENTS IN ENGINES FOR BORING ROCK AND OTHER MINERAL, AND IN FRAMES OR STANDS FOR BORING ENGINES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederick Bernard Doering, of Bayswater, in the
County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ENGINES FOR BORING ROCK AND OTHER MINERAL, AND IN FRAMES
OR STANDS FOR BORING ENGINES."
Sealed the 7th May 1867, and dated the 9th November 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederick Bernard
Doering at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 9th November 1866.
I, FREDERICK BERNARD DOERING, of Bayswater, in the County of Mid-
dlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES FOR BORING ROCK AND OTHER MINERAL, AND IN
FRAMES OR STANDS FOR BORING ENGINES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates, firstly, to improvements upon an Invention for boring
engines, for which I obtained former Letters Patent dated 13th December
1865, No. 8218.
My present improvements in boring engines consist, first, in forming a
portion of a thread on each of the two supporting shafts of the engine
instead of forming a complete thread upon one of the shafts, as described
in the Specification of my former Letters Patent. I dispense with the
toothed wheels represented at X and Y in Figures 4 to 9 of the.
Drawings annexed to the said Specification, and substitute for them a
The worm
worm wheel which works between the two supporting. shafts.

page_text: wheel is moved by a
ratchet wheel formed with or secured to it; this
ratchet wheel and worm wheel are placed on the neck of the cylinder cover,
and the ratchet wheel is actuated by a paul connected to a lever moving on
the neck of the cylinder cover or otherwise. A second ratchet wheel for
giving the turning motion, as described in the said Specification, is situated
bebind this lever, and is worked from it by a second paul; this lever is put
in motion by a connecting rod from the transverse shaft described in the said
Specification. To return the engine to its original position after completing
a hole the two supporting shafts are moved asunder to free the worm
wheel.
My improvements in boring engines consist, secondly, in an improved
method of moving the slide valve. This improvement consists in attaching a
spring or drawing appliance in the form of an air cylinder or otherwise to the
forward end of the valve rod; also in fitting behind the valve a catch sup-
ported by a spring in the form of an air cylinder or otherwise, which catch,
by taking behind the forward tappet nut on the valve rod, prevents the valve
being drawn through until the catch is struck by a hammer or tappet on the
transverse shaft; this hammer comes down upon the catch during the latter
part of the forward stroke of the engine, and the valve is then drawn through
by the first-named spring or air cylinder. When the forward nut has passed
over the catch in the forward stroke the catch is raised by the second-named
spring or air cylinder in the back stroke of the engine, the catch is forced
down by the nut, which is drawn back by the ordinary tappet, and the catch
again rises as before, preventing the valve returning when released by the
ordinary tappet. The piston rod of the second-named air cylinder may itself
constitute the catch.
My Invention relates, secondly, to the frames or stands for boring engines.
This part of my Invention consists in the combinations of parts of frames or
stands as about to be described. Upon a horizontal plate connecting the sides
of a carriage frame I mount a column upon which a series of rings are
turned. Upon the column is a top plate to which at opposite ends is bolted
one end of each of a pair of horizontal steadying or bearing pieces for wedges;
the opposite ends of these steadying pieces are brought together and bolted
to each other, and these ends are also bolted to the upper euds of vertical
angle irous secured at the bottom to a cross piece between the side carriage
. frames. Wedges are driven in between the top of the gallery or tunnel and
the bearing pieces, which having three points of support prevent the carriage
turning on a central axis formed by the carrying column. On the column
is a vertical collar or block formed in a piece with or clamped or bolted to a

page_text: horizontal collar. The vertical collar is raised or lowered on the column as
required by turning by means of a crank handle a worm in gear with a worm
wheel, the shaft of which carries a toothed wheel which takes between the.
rings on the column. Carried through the horizontal collar is a bar or beam,
the outer end of which supports a saddle or bow for holding the boring engine.
This saddle can be moved into any required position or angle on a pivot
and on the axes of the two collars. To move the bar or beam forward or
backward it may have rings turned thereon, or may be formed with a rack,
into which rings or rack a toothed wheel provided with a handle gears; or
the bar or beam may be moved forward in any other convenient manner.
Upon the back end of the carriage frame I place two reservoirs, into which
water from a tank above them is admitted alternately by cocks. The
reservoirs are also fitted with outlet cocks, from which a pipe is led to the
boring engine for the purposes of washing out the debris and cooling the boring
tool. The reservoirs are also provided with cocks for admitting compressed
air to force the water through the pipe which leads to the engine; there are
also outlet cocks for the escape of the compressed air. Sometimes I place a
portable engine and boiler upon the frame or stand, and this engine may be
employed through gearing to move the frame back during blasting. The
frame or stand is mounted on wheels to run on rails temporarily laid in the.
tunnel or gallery. For sinking vertical shafts the column before described
assumes à horizontal position, wedges or steading blocks being driven in
between a large plate at each end of the column and the side of the shaft.
The bearing pieces and vertical angle irons before described are dispensed
with as well as the back portion of the carriage frame. The column is
formed with longitudinal grooves, into which a toothed wheel gears to allow
the collar to be turned on the column. Sometimes instead of the vertical
column angle irons and top bearing pieces, as before described, I employ three
or other convenient number of columns, one behind the other, and carrying
a horizontal beam at the top; these colums have screws at their upper ends
taking into corresponding nuts in the columns, so that the beam may be
raised or lowered according to the height of the gallery or tunnel. I drive
in wedges between the top of the gallery or tunnel and the horizontal beam;
I fit on each screw a ratchet wheel, into which a paul on the column takes,
so that the screws cannot rotate after having been adjusted; the ratchet wheel
is formed with a key or feather to take into a slot in the screw, so as to be
free to move up or down thereon; when it is. required to turn the screw the
paul is temporarily lifted out of the ratchet.

page_text: "
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Frederick Bernard Doering in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 9th May 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERICK
BERNARD DOERING, of Bayswater, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself; Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Frederick Bernard Doering, Her special licence that I, the
said Frederick Bernard Doering, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Frederick Bernard Doering, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein.
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES FOR BORING ROCK
AND OTHER MINERAL, AND IN FRAMES OR STANDS FOR BORING ENGINES,'
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Frederick Bernard
Doering, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under
my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederick Bernard Doring, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, reference being bad to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, that is to say :-
My Invention relates, firstly, to improvements upon an Invention for
boring engines for which I obtained former Letters Patent dated 18th
December 1865, No. 8218.
My present improvements in boring engines consist, first, in forming a
portion of a thread on each of the two supporting shafts of the engine instead
of forming a complete thread upon one of the shafts, as described, in the
Specification of my former Letters Patent. I dispense with the toothed wheels

page_text: represented at X and Y in Figures 4 to 9 of the Drawings annexed to the
said Specification, and substitute for them a worm wheel which works between
the two supporting shafts. The worm wheel is moved by a ratchet wheel formed
with or secured to it; this ratchet wheel and worm wheel are placed on the neck
of the cylinder cover, and the ratchet wheel is actuated by a pawl connected
to a lever moving on the neck of the cylinder cover or otherwise. A second
ratchet wheel for giving the turning motion as described in the said Specification
is situated behind this lever, and is worked from it by a second pawl; this lever
is put in motion by a connecting rod from the transverse shaft described in the
said Specification. To return the engine to its original position after completing
a hole, the two supporting shafts are moved asunder to free the worm wheel.
The arrangement before described will be fully understood by Figures 1 to 4
of the accompanying Drawings, which represent an engine constructed
according thereto.
Figure 1 is a side elevation with a portion of the side supporting shaft
removed; Figure 2 is a rear elevation; Figure 3 a plan of the under side,
and Figure 4 a longitudinal section.
A, B, are the two supporting shafts of the engine, each of which is threaded
on the inner side or face which comes in contact or gear with the worm
wheel C; D is the cylinder of the engine; E, the piston, and F the piston
rod, the front end of which carries the boring tool, while the back end projects
through the back end or cover of the cylinder. The worm wheel C is
formed in a piece with or firmly secured to a ratchet wheel G, and these two
wheels are placed on the neck H of the cylinder cover. The ratchet wheel
G is actuated by a paul I connected to a lever K moving on the neck H;
L is another ratchet wheel screwed to the neck H behind the lever K, and
worked from this lever by a second paul M. The lever K is itself worked
by a connecting rod N from the transverse shaft O, which has a reciprocating
partial rotary motion imparted to it by levers and links P, P¹, P³, P³, P+,
connected by a cross head Q to the piston rod. At every stroke of the
piston the ratchet wheel L is caused by the paul M to move the distance of
one tooth so as to produce the intermittent. rotary motion of the piston rod
and boring tool; but the paul I of the wheel G is not able to catch another
tooth of this wheel, so as to move it together with the worm wheel C until
the piston has made nearly a full stroke, and therefore no advance movement
can take place until the tool has cut to the required depth. To return the
engine to its original position after completing a hole, the two shafts A, B; °
are moved asunder in their supports or guides R, R, in order to fiee the
worm-wheel C.

page_text: My improvements in boring engines consist, secondly, in an improved
method of moving the slide valve. This improvement consists in attaching
a spring or drawing appliance in the form of an air cylinder or otherwise,
to the forward end of the valve rod; also in fitting behind the valve a catch
supported by a spring, which catch by taking into the forward tappet nut on
the valve rod, which nut is double, prevents the valve being drawn through
until the spring of the catch is struck by a hammer or tappet on the trans-
verse shaft; this hammer comes down upon the spring of the catch during
the latter part of the forward stroke of the engine, and the valve is then
drawn through by the first-named spring or air cylinder.
.
My improved method of moving the slide valve is clearly represented in
Figures 1 and 4. The forward end of the valve rod S carries a piston T
working in a cylinder U, which is supplied with compressed air by means of
a pipe U; V is a catch carried by a small rod W, which is free to turn on
its axis; X is a spring which tends to keep up the catch V in the position
shewn in the Figures; Y is a tappet or hammer on the transverse shaft O..
In the forward stroke of the engine the valve rod S is held by the catch V
until the tappet Y on the latter part of the forward stroke comes down upon
the spring X, so as to allow the catch to be moved on its axis by the nut as
the rod is drawn through by the force of the compressed air in the cylinder U.
In the back stroke the catch V returns to its vertical position. The im-
portant feature of this part of my Invention is the air cylinder U, or
equivalent, acting in the manner and for the purpose described.
My Invention relates, secondly, to the frames or stands for boring engines.
This part of my Invention consists in the combinations of parts of frames or
stands as about to be described. Upon a horizontal plate A connecting the
sides B, B, of a carriage frame (see the side elevation Figure 5 and plan
Figure 6) I mount a column C, upon which a series of rings are turned.
Upon the column C is a top plate D, to which at opposite ends is bolted one
end of each of a pair of horizontal steadying or bearing pieces E, E, for wedges.
The opposite ends of these steadying pieces are brought together as shown
and bolted to each other, and these ends are also bolted to the upper ends of
vertical angle irons F, F, bolted or secured at the bottom to the side carriage
frames B, B. Wedges are driven in between the top of the gallery or tunnel
and the bearing pieces E, E, which having three points of support prevent
the carriage turning on a central axis formed by the carrying column C. On
the column is a vertical collar or block H formed in a piece with or clamped
or bolted to a horizontal collar I. The vertical collar H is raised or lowered
on the column C as required by turning, by means of a crank handle K, &

page_text: worm L in gear with a worm wheel M, the shaft of which carries a toothed
wheel N, which takes between the rings on the column C; these rings on the
column for the wheel to take into form an important part of the combination.
Carried through the horizontal collar I is a bar or beam O, the outer end of
which forms a saddle or bow P for holding the boring engine; this saddle
and consequently the engine can be moved into any required position or angle
on a pivot P¹ and on the axes of the two collars H and I. To move the bar
or beam O forward or backward it may have rings turned thereon, as shown,
or may be formed with a rack, into which rings or rack a toothed wheel Q
provided with a handle gears; or the bar or beam O may be moved forward
in any other convenient manner. Upon the back end of the carriage frame
I place two reservoirs R, S, into which water from a tank T above them is
admitted alternately by cocks. The reservoirs R, S, are also fitted with outlet
cocks V, V, from which a pipe W is led to the boring engine for the purpose
of washing out the debris and cooling the boring tool. The reservoirs are also
provided with cocks X, X, for admitting compressed air to force the water
through the pipe which leads to the engine; there are also outlet cocks Y, Y,
for the escape of the compressed air. Sometimes I place a portable engine
and boiler upon the frame or stand, and this engine may be employed through
gearing to move the frame back during blasting. The frame or stand is
mounted on wheels Z, Z, to run on rails temporarily laid in the tunnel or
gallery. For sinking vertical shafts the column before described assumes a
horizontal position, wedges or steadying blocks being driven in between a
large plate at each end of the column and the side of the shaft. The bearing
pieces and vertical angle irons before described are dispensed with as well as
the back portion of the carriage frame. The column is formed with longitudinal
grooves, into which a toothed wheel gears to allow the collar to be turned on
the column.
This arrangement for sinking vertical shafts is represented in Figure 7.
A, A, represent the sides of a shaft; B is a column, which is in this case
borizontal, as just mentioned; C is a plate at each end of the column, between
which and the side of the shaft wedges or steadying blocks D are driven in.
The apparatus is slung from the top of the shaft by chains connected to the
plate C, as shown. The column B has longitudinal grooves E, into which a
toothed wheel F fixed on the collar L gears; this wheel is in gear with a
worm I, fitted with a crank handle K; by turning this handle the wheel F
causes the collar L to turn on the column B. The second collar M receives
a bar or beam O carrying the saddle or bow, as in the previous arrangement,
and the bar O is formed with rings, into which a pinion P worked by a handle

page_text: gears to raise or lower the bar on its collar. If necessary a worm may be
applied to the pinion P. Sometimes instead of the vertical column angle
irons and top bearing pieces as before described I employ three or other
convenient number of columns, one behind the other, and carrying a horizontal
beam at the top.
This arrangement is represented in side elevation in Figure 8, in which
A¹, A, A, are three columns, one behind the other, and carrying a horizontal
beam B at the top. The front column A¹ is formed with rings and carries
the boring engine, as in the arrangement represented in Figures 5 and 6, The
columns have screws C, C, C, at their upper ends taking into corresponding
nuts in the columns, so that the beam may be raised or lowered according
to the height of the gallery or tunnel. I drive in wedges between the top of
the gallery or tunnel and the horizontal beam B; I fit on each screw Ca
ratchet wheel E into which a paul F on the column takes, so that the screws
cannot rotate after having been adjusted. The ratchet wheel is formed with
a key or feather to take into a slot in the screw, so as to he free to move up
or down thereon; when it is required to turn the screw the paul is temporarily
lifted out the ratchet. The reservoirs and tank are in this instance placed
between the two columns A³, A³. If desired each of the columns A³, A³, may
have rings or a rack formed thereon and carry a boring engine.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as my "Improve-
ments in Engines for Boring Rock and other Mineral, and in Frames or
Stands for Boring Engines,"-
First, the combination of parts of Loring engines arranged and acting
substantially as herein-before described and represented in Figures 1 to 4,
that is to say, of the two partially threaded supporting shafts, worm wheel,
ratchet wheels, lever and pauls, all worked as described from a transverse
shaft, which receives a reciprocating motion on its axis from the piston rod of
the engine.
Second, constructing boring engines in which the slide valve is moved,
substantially in the manner and by the arrangement herein-before described
and represented in Figures 1 and 4.
Third, the general combination of parts of frames or stands for boring engines,
substantially as herein-before described and represented in Figures 5 and 6.
Fourth, the combination of parts of frames or stands for boring engines,
substantially as herein-before described with reference to Figures 5 and 6, so
that the bearing pieces may have more than one point of support and there-
fore prevent the carriage turning round the carrying column.

page_text: Fifth, the combination with two collars in frames or stands for boring
engines of a vertical column, having rings formed thereon for a toothed wheel
to gear into, and of a horizontal bar or beam likewise formed with rings,
substantially as and for the purpose described, with reference to Figures
5 and 6.
Sixth, the combination with two collars in frames or stands for 'boring
engines, substantially as herein-before described with reference to Figures
5 and 6, of a pivoted saddle or bow for carrying the engine, the collars and
saddle or bow allowing the engine to be moved into any required position.
Seventh, the combination with frames or stands of boring engines of
reservoirs, and a tank for water having the necessary inlets and outlets, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein-before described with reference to
Figures 5, 6, and 8.
Eighth, the combination of parts of frames or stands to be employed in
sinking vertical shafts, substantially as herein-before described with reference-
to Figure 7.
Ninth, the combination of parts of frames or stands, substantially as herein-
before described with reference to Figure 8.
Tenth, the combination in frames or stands for boring engines with vertical
columns having adjusting screws at their upper ends of ratchet wheels formed
with a key or feather to take into a slot in the corresponding screw, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose herein-before described with reference to
Figure 8.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederick Bernard Doering, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of May, One thousand