A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF PRINTING OR APPLYING DESIGNS IN RELIEF AND BRILLIANCY TO ATY KINDS OF FABRICS
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to François Petitdidier, of 2, Rue Sainte Appoline,"
Paris, Empire of France, Dyer, for the Invention of " A NEW OR IMPROVED
METHOD OF PRINTING OR APPLYING DESIGNS IN RELIEF AND BRILLIANCY TO
ATY KINDS OF FABRICS"
Sealed the 16th April 1867, and dated the 22nd October 186.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said François Petitdidier at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
22nd October 1866..
I, FRANÇOIS PETITDIDIER, of 2, Rue Sainte Appoline, Paris, Empire of
France, Dyer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A
NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF PRINTING OR APPLYING DESIGNS IN RELIEF AND
BRILLIANCY TO ALL KINDS OF FABRICS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in applying to silk, wool, felt, paper, cotton fabrics,
and mixtures of the same, and even to fabrics, no matter of what material they
may be composed, by means of printing of all kinds of resinous materials, as
for example, resin, asphalte, benzone, yellow amber, succin, colophony, copal,
dammara resin, dragon's blood, elemi, caoutchouc, gutta percha, gum, aloes,
gum-lac, mastich, sandarac, olibanum, incense, turpentine, copaiba, liquid
amber,China varnish, tar, orany other materials producing similar results, and
-rendered-soluble by incans of their solvents; alcohol or spirits of wine, ether,
naphtha, acetum, chloroform, linseed oil, pink oil, or oil of walnut, essence of
ונם..D

page_text: turpentine, pinic, essence of lavender, oil of aspick, essence of rosemary,
camphor, American essence (essence d'Amereque), coal, benzole, benzine,
petroleum, or other liquids capable of being used as a vehicle. I obtain by
means of these resinous substances when in solution a liquid which I color at
will in every shade by means of the following coloring matters:-Soot, lamp-
black, ivory black, virgin black, black called German black, and the like,
arnotto, sorrel, curcuma, saffron, fuchsine, violet, aniline blue, and the like.
By means of this liquid I can apply to all fabrics by the printing processes
already in use designs or ornaments in relief having the brilliancy of the pearl
and jet.
I proceed in the following manner :-First, I employ a resinous material,
say copal, which being prepared by a varnish maker in the ordinary manner,
the process needs nodescription here. Second, the dissolvents of this resinous
material, say linseed oil and essence of turpentine; the linseed oil is rendered
siccative according to the known processes by means of treating it with oxides
of lead, of zinc, or of manganese. Third, the coloring material which necessarily
varies with each shade, carbonate or sulphate of lead or oxide of zinc for white,
vermillion for red, carbonate of lead for the yellows, blue, ultramarine, Scheile
green, green cobalt, and other colors according to those desired to be obtained;
for black I prefer ivory black. I take, say, six lbs. of hard copal which I
melt with great care; when this resinous material is well melted I add to it,
say three lbs. of linseed oil which has been previously heated to about
302 Fahrenheit; then I add to it, from eight to ten lbs. of essence of
turpentine, which must be cold, and I stir and mix it carefully in order
thoroughly to incorporate the parts.
The above proportions vary with the differentqualities of materials employed,
and even according to the variations of the temperature at the time of manu-
facture. The above proportions are only given as an example, and each
operation requires great attention to produce a good result.
The product before described being obtained, I filter through a seive
made of cloth and brass; then I allow it to cool and enclose it in a jar or
other vessel well stoppered. When the material is required to be used for
printing I take seventy-five parts of this varni-h; Iadd to it twenty-five parts
of ivory black, the proportions, however, varying according to the different
materials treated, fabrics, felt, or paper; the whole is well mixed so that the
parts are thoroughly incorporated, leaving no granular parts whatever; then
I filter it again through a sieve made of cloth and brass, and it is ready for
use. With this product I obtain a brilliant impression with or without relief,
chiefly intended to imitate the pearl and jet. IfI wish to give some relief to-

page_text: my impression I pour on a color frame sufficient material to cover it, say, to
the depth of the sixteenth of an inch or thereabouts, so that by taking the
color from it I remove sufficient to produce an impression, and at the same
time a thickness. If, on the contrary, I only wish to make it brilliant without
caring for relief, I pour only a very small quantity of the material on the
frame so as to be only able to take from it that which is necessary to impress
without giving relief. This material being thick and unctous itself resumes
an even surface on the frame after each stroke of the board, without the
necessity of using a leveller, as in other kinds of printing.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said François Petitdidier in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th April 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FRANÇOIS
PETITDIDIER, of 2, Rue Sainte Appoline, Paris, Empire of France, Dyer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of
Her reigu, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said François Petitdidier, Her special licence that I, the said
François Petitdidier, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as the said François Petitdidier, my executors, administrators, or
assigns, should at any time agree with,. and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF PRINTING OR APPLYING DESIGNS IN RELIEF AND
BRILLIANCY TO ALL KINDS OF FABRICS," upon the condition (amongst others)
that 1, the said François Petitdidier, my executors or adininistrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what canner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said François Petitdidier, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the fol-
lowing statement, that is to say:-
"My Invention consists in applying to silk, wool, felt, paper, cotton fabrics,
and mixtures of the same, and even to fabrics, no matter of what material
they may be composed, by means of printing of all kinds of resinous materials,
as, for example, resin, asphalte, benzone, yellow amber, succin, colophony,
copal, dammara, resin, dragon's blood, elemi, caoutchouc, gutta percha, gum,
aloes, gum-lac, mastich, sandarac, olibanum, incense, turpentine, copaiba,
liquid amber, China varnish, tar, or any other materials producing similar
results, and rendered soluble by means of their solvents, alcohol, or spirits of
wine, ether, naptha, acetum, chloroform, linseed oil, pink oil, or oil of
walnut, essence of turpentine, pinic, essence of lavender, oil of aspick, essence
of rosemary, camphor, American essence, coal, benzole, benzine, petroleum,
or other liquids capable of being used as a vehicle. I obtain by means of
these resinous substances, when in solution, a liquid which I color at will in
every shade by means of the following coloring matters: -Soot, lampblack,
ivory black, virgin black, black called German black, and the like, arnotto,
sorrel, curcuma, saffron, fuchsine, violet, aniline blue, and the like. By
means of this liquid I can apply to all fabrics by the printing processes
already in use designs or ornaments in relief, having the brilliancy of the
pearl and jet.
I proceed in the following manner:-First, I employ a resinous material,
say, copal. Second, the solvents of this resinous material, say, linseed oil and
essence of turpentine; the linseed oil is rendered siccative according to the
known processes by means of treating it with oxides of lead, of zinc, or of
manganese. Third, the coloring material which necessarily varies with each
shade, carbonate or sulphate of lead or oxide of zinc for white, vermillion for red,
carbonate of lead for the yellows, blue, ultamarine, Scheile green, green cobalt,
and other colors, according to those desired to be obtained, for black I prefer
ivory black. I take, say, six lbs. of hard copal, which I melt with great care;
when this resinous material is well melted I add to it, say, three lbs. of
linseed oil, which has been previously heated to about 318° Fahrenheit; then
I add to it from eight to ten lbs. of essence of turpentine, which must be
cold, and I stir and mix it carefully in order to thoroughly incorporate
the parts.
The above proportions vary with the different qualities of materials
employed, and even according to the variations of the temperature at the time
of manufacture. The above proportions are only given as an example, and
each operation requires great attention to obtain a good result.

page_text: The product before described being obtained I filter it through a sieve
made of cloth and brass; then I allow it to cool, and enclose it in a jar or
other vessel well stoppered. When the material is required to be used for
printing I take seventy-five parts of this varnish; I add to it twenty-five
parts of ivory black, the proportions however varying according to the different
materials treated, fabrics, felt, or paper; the whole is well mixed so that the
parts are thoroughly incorporated, leaving no granular parts whatever; then I
filter it again, and I obtain a product giving a brilliaut impression, chiefly
intended to imitate the pearl and jet. If I wish to give some relief to my
impression I pour on a color frame sufficient material to be able to take from
it sufficient to allow for what is expressed and to produce an impression. If,
on the contrary, I only wish to make it brilliant without caring for relief, I
pour only a very small quantity of the material on the frame so as to only be
able to take from it that which is necessary to impress without giving relief.
For the purpose of my Invention I also employ gelatinous gums or glues
already used as varuishes for giving the brilliancy either on fabrics or paper,
but to obtain the same results care must be taken to regulate the printing
boards so that the liquid which is expressed at the end of each part composing
the design may touch the fabrics without being flattened. In order that the
product may have sufficient consistence to give a good impression. so as to
well imitate the pearl care must be taken to sufficiently concentrate iɩ so that
it may only become fluid at a certain degree of heat, and this constantly
necessitates the frame containing the colour to be placed in a water bath.
Sometimes I spriukle the impressions with a metallic dust in order to
give the appearance of gold, silver, steel, or other appearances considered
desirable.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, the application by
printing of brilliant materials capable of being rendered soluble to all kinds of
fabrics, paper or felt, in imitation of the pearl (of whatever color it may be)
and jet, substantially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said François Petitdidier, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Second day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
F. PETITDIDIER. (L.S.)