provements in the Method of and Means for Forming and Ornamenting Hollow-ware.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Oct., 1891
Complete Specifcation Left, 6th July, 1895-Accepted, 10th Aug., 1895
PROVISIONAL, SPECIFICATION
Improvements in the Method of and Means for Forming and
Ornamenting Hollow-ware.
I, JOSEPH RIDGE, of Tudor Works, Tudor Street, Sheffield in the County
of York, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as
follows:-
This invention (being a communication from abroad by Ezia John Smith, of
Meridan Connecticut, United States of America, Metal Stamper) relates to the
method of and means for pressing, forming, and ornamenting articles of hollow-ware
such as teapots, sugar basins, and an infinite variety of similar articles of vanous
sizes and patterns, either plain or ornamental.
The pressure required to form the articles is obtained by means of water or other
suitable liquid acted upon by a sudden application of force, and the means used are
as follows
1 provide a strong block of metal having a recess or well, and the die or matrix
to produce the article is made in sections to enable the expanded article to be
removed therefrom, and fits into this recess.
A strong cap is screwed upon the metal block to hold the matrix iu position, and
to act as a guide for a plunger which passes through it centrally.
The intended article is usually made from a short length of solid drawn tube of
the desired metal, which tube is placed vertically into the die or matrix, and the
interior is then filled with water or other liquid. The block with the matrix and
tube so arranged, is placed under a diop hammer, steam hammer, or other machine
capable of giving a blow of the requisite power.
The plunger or 1am which is simply a solid parallel cylindrical bar is then placed
in position through the cap before mentioned entering the metal tube where it
meets and comes in contact with the liquid, the hammer is then allowed to give it
a vertical blow of pre-arranged force which causes the water to expand the tube
laterally into the matrix.
It may be necessary now to remove the blank so far expanded, and after annealing
it to replace it and repeat the process once or several times, this depending upon
the amount of expansion required, and other causes. In some cases one blow
is sufficient, in others several iepetitions are necessary.
Engraving and other like decorative work upon the matrix o dies may thus be
reproduced by this simple process.
בד

page_text: Improvements in the Method of and Means for Forming and
Ornamenting Hollow-ware.
I, JOSEPH RIDGE, of Tudor Works, Tudor Street, Sheffield, in the County of
York, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same has to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement
This invention (a communication from abroad by Ezra John Smith of Meridan,
Connecticut United States of America Metal Stamper) relates to the method of
aud means for pressing, or forming, and ornamenting articles of holloware such as
teapots, sugar basins, vases, and an infinite variety of sunilar articles of various
sizes and patterns, either plam o ornamental.
The apparatus as constiucted for ordinary articles to be shaped or produced by
this method, is illustrated in the annexed sheet of drawings in which
Fig. 1, is an elevation of the apparatus
Fig. 2, 1sa section of same.
A, represents a strong block of metal with a recess or well'made in it centrally
to receive the die or matrix D, which is made to fit the well exactly or so that it
cau be properly held by the use of wedges of rings or by equivalent'means
The part B, is a metal cap either made to be screwed upon the screw threads C,
or be secured upon the block A, by other ready and effective means.
It is to hold down the'annular ings G, which are placed in the mouth of the
tubular blank or partly formed article to prevent the escape of the fluid when under
pressure, and to act as a guide for the plunger or ram F.
The plunger or rain F, is simply a cylindrical rod, preferably made with a head
which receives the impact of a stanip, or falling tup, or the blow of a steam
hammer, the body of the plunget passes through the cap B, then through a set of
rings which may be first a ring of leather then a ring of metal, slightly cupped on
the edges and Instly a leather ring made to fit into the mouth of the blank as
aforesaid
This arrangement I find effective but other arrangements may be used if desired
or preferred.
The die o matrix D, to produce an article of the shape shown in the diawing 19
made in two or more parts, and the interior E, is chased, engraved and finished to
the required design.
The intended article is usually made from a length of solid drawn tube of the
desired metal the mouth being splayed or opened out a little, this tube is placed
vertically in the matrix being suspended or held at the mouth, the rings are placed
in position, the tube filled with liquid such as water, the cap screwed upon the
block until it forces the rings firmly down, the plunger is then passed through the
cap and ingsins shown.
The block so arranged is placed in position and a succession of 'Blows given to
the plunger which entering the fluid causes the expansion of the metal tube in every
duection, and eventually conforms to the sides or outline of the matrix aud to all
the ornamental details or pattern 'thereon
In the harder metals it may be necessary to remove 'the partly finished article
for annealing and afterwards to repeat the before described process, as will be well
understood by those conversant with such work.
Although I have described an apparatus by which my improved process may be
effectually carried into practice, it must be understood that I do not confine myself
to the exact apparatus as described and shown, as for example instead of the screw-
threads C, aud the holes H, by which the cap is turned in screwing it on, I may

page_text: dispense with these, and secure the cap upon the block by bolts, or by lugs and
wedges at the sides.
I may also instead of taking off the cap to add to the quantity of fluid, prepare
the ram with a tubular waterway by which fluid may be passed to the interior.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner the
same is to be performed I declare that what I claim 18:
1. The process of producing plain or ornamental forms of hollowware from a plain
tubular blank or from a partly formed article, filled or partly filled with fluid, by
the sudden forcing in of a plunger as bercinbefore described.
2. The apparatus for producing forms of hollow-ware, substantially as herein-
before described and with reference to the drawings annexed.
ROBT. F. DRURY, C.P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicant.