IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MANGLES, THE SAME BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER MACHINERY FOR THE PRESSURE OF TEXTILE FABRICS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Christopher Nugent Nixon, of Ramsgate, in the
County of Kent, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF MANGLES, THE SAME BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER
MACHINERY FOR THE PRESSURE OF TEXTILE FABRICS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 24th July 1860, and dated the 28th January 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Christopher Nugent Nixon
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 28th January 1860.
I, CHRISTOPHER NUGENT NIXON, of Ramsgate, in the County of Kent,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for “IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MANGLES, THE SAME BEING ALSO APPLICABLE
TO OTHER MACHINERY FOR THE PRESSURE OF TEXTILE FABRICS AND OTHER SUB-
STANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of
mangles, and which are applicable to what are known as "box-mangles," and
also to "portable mangles." In constructing box-mangles a rack is fixed to
the side or any other convenient part of the box, the teeth of such rack
being placed obliquely. An endless screw actuated in any convenient manner
gears into the teeth of the rack, by its revolution causing the box to travel
along the bed. Continuous to-and-fro motion is obtained by means of wheels

page_text: or pinions fixed to one or both ends of the screw, the same being actuated by
a pinion or pinions, which, by means of a spring or other contrivance, may be
made to move to and fro in a slot longitudinally, so as to act on the wheels or
pinions attached to the screw, or any of the known methods of obtaining such
continuous to-and-fro motion may, if preferred, be employed. Instead of the
above-mentioned arrangement of rack and screw, an endless screw may be
fixed to the upper edge of the box, the same being actuated by a wormed nut
fitting thereon, such wormed nut being firmly held in position by the requisite
framework, but so as to allow of its revolving freely. At one or both ends of
such wormed nut a bevil wheel or wheels or pinions are fixed, a bevil pinion
actuated by a handle gearing into the same.
In the construction of portable mangles, two rollers made of metal or any
suitable material, such rollers being either solid or hollow, are arranged
horizontally one above the other within suitable framework. The lower roller
is permanently fixed, but free to revolve, the spindle thereof working in sockets
in the framework. The upper roller may be made larger and heavier than the
lower roller, the spindle thereof working in sockets at each end,, such sockets
or bearings being so arranged as to move vertically within the frame as
required, the movement thereof being regulated and controlled by means of
spiral springs, or in any other convenient manner. The framework should be
so constructed as to permit the upper roller and springs to be removed, if
required. To the spindle of the upper roller, and on the outside of the frame-
work is fixed a wormed wheel, into any convenient part or parts of the
periphery whereof a screw or screws actuated by any convenient means is or
are made to gear, the revolution of such screw or screws setting the machinery
in motion.
Another mode of constructing the portable mangle is to dispense with the
bottom roller, and to place a flat bed or table beneath a single roller, such flat
bed or table being actuated by either of the arrangements before described,
suitable means being adopted for the rising and falling of the roller.
Another mode of constructing the portable mangle is to arrange the rollers
or single roller and table as before described, the upper roller, or single roller,
(as the case may be) being made hollow, and the interior surface thereof
formed with a spiral or wormed groove. An endless screw is fixed across the
framework in a line axial to the roller, a wormed nut being caused to work
backwards and forwards on such screw, the said nut being provided with a stud
or studs working in the wormed groove in the interior of the roller, and thus
causing the latter to revolve.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Christopher Nugent Nixon in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 27th July 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHRISTOPHER
NUGENT NIXON, of Ramsgate, in the County of Kent, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Christopher Nugent Nixon, Her special licence that I, the said
Christopher Nugent Nixon, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Christopher Nugent Nixon, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MANGLES, THE SAME
BEING ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER MACHINERY FOR THE PRESSURE OF TEXTILE
FABRICS AND OTHER SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Christopher Nugent Nixon, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Christopher Nugent Nixon, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement in writing, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of
mangles, the same being applicable both to the class of mangles known as
"box-mangles," and also to "portable mangles." In constructing box-mangles
a rack is fixed to the top, side, or any other convenient part of the box, the
teeth of such rack being placed obliquely. An endless screw actuated in any
convenient manner gears into the teeth of the rack, and by its revolution
causes the box to travel along the bed. Continuous to-and-fro motion of the
box, while the screw rotates in one direction only, may be obtained by the

page_text: employment of any of the known means for effecting such purpose. Instead
of the above-mentioned arrangement of rack and screw, an endless screw may
be fixed to the upper edge of the box, the same being actuated by a wormed
nut fitting thereon, such wormed uut being firmly held in position by the
requisite framework, but so as to allow of its revolving freely. At one or both
ends of such wormed nut a bevil wheel or wheels or pinions is or are fixed, a
bevil pinion actuated by a handle gearing into the same. In the construction
of portable mangles two rollers, the same being constructed of metal, or of
any other suitable material, and either solid or hollow, as may be desired, are
arranged horizontally one above the other within suitable framework, and
which need not be here described, the nature thereof being known and obvious
to any person acquainted with the manufacture of portable mangles. The
lower roller revolves in sockets permanently fixed in the framework. The
upper roller (which may, if desired, be made of larger diameter and heavier
than the lower roller,) rotates by means of the spindle passing through the
same in sockets or bearings, so arranged as to move vertically within the
frame as required, the movement thereof being regulated and controlled by
means of spiral or other springs, or in any other convenient manner.
object of this arrangement is to allow of the passage of various thicknesses of
material between the rollers. The framework should be so constructed as to
permit the upper roller and springs to be removed, if required. To the spindle
of the upper roller, and on the outside of the framework is fixed a wormed
wheel, into any convenient part or parts of the periphery whereof a screw or
screws actuated by any convenient means is or are made to gear, the revolution
of such screw or screws setting the machinery in motion. Although I have
here described a mangle constructed with two rollers only, three rollers may
be employed, the same being fixed and arranged accordingly, and in which
case the motive part. of the apparatus will be in connection with the centre
roller.
The
Another mode of constructing the portable mangle is to place a flat bed or
table beneath a single roller, or to place the roller between two beds or tables,
one above and one below, suitable means being adopted for the regulation of
the distance between the bed or table, or beds or tables and the roller, and for
the maintenance of a proper degree of pressure.
by either of the arrangements before mentioned.
The roller may be actuated
The portable mangle may be also constructed and arranged as follows:-
The rollers, or single roller and table or tables are arranged as before
described, the upper roller, or single roller, (as the case may be) being made
hollow, and the interior surface thereof formed with a spiral or wormed groove.

page_text: An endless screw actuated in the ordinary way is fixed across the framework
in a line axial to the roller through which it passes, a wormed nut being
caused to work backwards and forwards on such screw, the said nut being
provided with a screw thread on the exterior thereof, or with a stud or studs,
such screw thread, or stud or studs working in the wormed groove in the
interior of the roller, and thus causing the latter to revolve. In the application
of this arrangement to box and table mangles, the working roller must be
provided with a set of teeth on the central portion of the exterior thereof, the
same gearing into a suitable rack fixed to the box or table.
In the construction of mangles in accordance with the principles of my
Invention, it will be obvious that it is of great importance to lessen the
amount of friction between the screws and the parts into which they gear as
much as possible, and with that view such forms of thread and teeth should be
adopted as will expose the least extent of surface to the influence of friction
during the revolution of the several parts.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be carried into effect, I would observe, in conclusion,
that I do not claim all the several parts of the arrangements herein-before
mentioned and described as being novel and original, neither do I confine or
restrict myself to the precise details or arrangements which I have described
or referred to, as variations may be made therefrom without deviating from
the principles or main features of the said Invention; but what I consider
novel and original, and therefore claim as my Invention, are,―
Firstly, the employment of screw or worm arrangements in the construction
of box-mangles, in manner herein-before mentioned and described.
And, secondly, the employment of screw and worm arrangements in the
construction of portable mangles, in manner herein-before mentioned and
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Christopher Nugent Nixon, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of July, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty.
Witness,
E. P. H. VAUGHAN,
15, Southampton Bdgs.,
Agent for the Patentee.
CHRIST. N. NIXON. (L.S.)