IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR BLEACHING DYEING, SIZEING OR WASHING HANKS OF YARN
Year: 1884

page_text: 1 PETER THOMAS of 37 Ducie St. Manchester, in the County of Lancaster
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR BLEACHING DYEING, SIZEING OR WASHING
HANKS OF YARN" to be as follows:-
The invention relates more particularly to that class of machinery where yarns
of cotton, linen jute or other fibres are bleached dyed sized or washed in the hank
and is specially applicable to a method of bleaching for which letters patent were
granted to Peter Thomas N° 549. AD. 1882.
The object of my invention is to bleach dyo size or wash a suitable large quantity
of hanks of cotton, linen, jute or other fibres in considerable less time than is
required by the use of any other machinery or apparatus known for the same
purpose heretofore and whereby the work is also performed more satisfactorily as
regards quality, and the cost thereof is considerably reduced. To this end we
arrange a suitable number of vats say for example, three, all placed in a row and
each one containing a different dip. Removable cross bars of which two by two
are arranged to take up a number of banks are carried on each end respectively by
two longtitudinal bars. The latter are suspended from two sbafts forming a part
of a framing by means of levers working on eccentrics and fixed on the said shafts.
The eccentric motion imparting a reciprocating motion to the longtitudinal bars
causes the cross bars to change their respective positions continually from a higher
level to a lower level. By these means I am enabled to permit the liquid to
impregnate the hanks in a more complete manner which acts beneficial to the same
and a better result is thereby obtained. In some cases where it is necessary to
bring that part of the hank which is nearest to the bottom of the vat on the top of
the cross bars, I impart to the longtitudinal bars respectively a motion which will
cause the cross bars alternately to make a part of a revolution and return to its
original position in order to move the hanks as set forth. The said framing is
carried by a carriago which latter is caused by means of ropes or chains and a
reversing gear situated at the end of the row of vats, to travel from end to end of
the row of vats, and may be stopped at any convenient point. On the top of the
said carriage two shafts provided with pullies are arranged over which are placed
ropes or chains one end thereof being connected to the framing inside the carriage

page_text: and the other end to a balance weight which runs outside the carriage for the
purpose of lowering and lifting the said frame in and out of the vats. Motion is
imparted to the said shafts by means of straps and pullies from a reversing gear
carried by a shaft on a bracket fastened to the side of the carriage. The motion
for the eccentric shafts is obtained from the same shaft on which the said reversing
gear is placed by means of pullies and ropes, chains or straps and can be engaged
or disengaged as required by the aid of a coupling and lever The said bracket
carries also at its lower end a pulley provided with one half of a coupling, a
corresponding half forming also a spiral cord pulley or chain-pulley fixed to each
vat and when engaged by means of a lever will cause the said pulley to revolve and
transmit motion by straps to pullies carried by the shaft on the top of the said
bracket or stop all the motion carried by the carriage when disengaged
The spiral
cord pullies or chain pullies are driven by means of ropes or chains from pullies
revolving on the same shaft as the reversing gear which causes the carriage to
travel from end to end of the row of vats and can be stopped or brought into
motion as required. The operation of the machine is as follows, after the hanks
are placed onto the cross bars the frame inside the carriage is lifted by means of
the reversing gear and the carriage caused to run to the required vat, where, when
in position, the frame will be lowered and the banks immersed in the liquid. The
eccentric motion is then brought into operation and will cause the bars to move as
described. After the banks have been in the liquid a certain time the frame is
lifted again and the carriage is run to another vat where the same operation will
be repeated until the process is completed.

page_text: I PETER THOMAS, of 87 Ducie St. Manchester in the County of Lancaster,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY AND ARRANGEMENTS FOR BLEACHING, DYEING SIZING OR WASHING
HANKS OF YARN" and in what manner the same is to be performed to bo
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
The invention relates more particularly to that class of machinery where yarns
of cotton, linen, jute or other fibres are bleached dyed sized or washed in the bank
and is specially applicable to a method of bleaching for which letters patent were
granted to Peter Thomas N° 549 A D. 1882. The object of my invention is to
bleach dye size or wash a suitable large quantity of hanks of cotton linen jute or
other fibres in considerable less time than is required by the use of any other
machinery or apparatus known for the same purpose heretofore and whereby the
work is also performed more satisfactorily as regards quality & the cost thereof is
considerably reduced.
And in order that my invention may be better understood I have caused to
bo appended hereunto one sheet of drawings marked with letters of reference
corresponding letters indicating like parts in the various figures.
Fig 1 on an annexed drawing represents a side view with vat in section and
Fig 2 an end view of the apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention.
In carrying out my invention and referring generally to the figures I arrango a
suitable number of vats a say for example three, all placed in a row and each one
containing a different dip. Removable cross bars b of which two by two are
arranged to take up a number of hanks c are carried on each end respectively by
holders & which are fastened to two longitudinal bars e. The latter are suspended
from two shafts f forming a part of a framing A by means of levers g working on
eccentrics h fixed on tho said shafts. The eccentric motion imparting a recipro-
cating motion to the longitudinal bars e, causes the cross bara b to change
their respective positions continually from a higher level to a lower level. By
these means I am enabled to permit the liquid to impregnate the hanks in a
more complete manner which acts beneficial to the same and a better result is
thereby obtained.
The said framing A is carried by a carriage i which by means of ropes / or
chains and a suitable reversing gear situated at the end of the row of vats, is
caused to travel from end to end of the row of vats and may be stopped at any
convenient point by means of the rod Z
On the top of the said carriage two shafts m provided with pullies n are
arranged, over which are placed ropes o or chains one end thereof being connected
to the cross stay p. forming part of the framing A inside the carriage i and the
other end to a balance weight q which runs outside the carriage i for the purpose
of lowering and lifting the said frame in and out of the vata.
Motion is imparted to the shafts m by means of an open and crossed strap ? or
chain and pullies s' and 8 & & &* from a reversing gear consisting of the coupling ni
lever n and pullies o' and o* carried on a shaft t by a bracket u fastoned to the
side of the carriage i. The motion for the eccentric shafts f is obtained from the
same shaft t on which the said reversing gear is placed by means of pallies vand
ropes w chains or straps and can be engaged or disengaged as required by the aid
of the coupling and lever y. The said bracket u carries also at its lower end
a pulley revolving on the shaft provided with one half of a coupling a¹ a

page_text: corresponding balf a' forming also a cord pulley a³ or chain pulley fixed to each
vat a and when engaged by means of a lever b₁ will cause the said pulley to
revolve and transmit motion by an open and crossed strap c and c¹ to the pullics
o' and o. carried by the shaft t on the top of the said bracket, or stop all the
motion carried by the carriage i when disengaged.
The cord pullies a or chain pullies are driven by means of ropes d¹ or chains
from pullies revolving on the same shaft as the reversing gear which causes the
carriage to travel from end to end of the row of vats and can be stopped or brought
into motion as required by means of the rod l.
The operation of the machine is as follows:-after the hanks c are placed onto
the cross bars 6 the frame A inside the carriage i is lifted by the motion obtained
from the reversing gear and the carriage caused caused to run to the required vat,
where, when in position the framo A will be lowered and the hanks immersed in
the liquid. The eccentric motion is then brought into operation and will cause the
bars to move as described. After the hanks c have been in the liquid a certain
time the frame A is lifted again and the carriage is run to another vat where the
Bamo operation will be repeated until the process is completed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I would have it to be
understood that what I claim is :-
CLAIMS.
In machines for bleaching dyeing sizing or washing yarn
First. The arrangement of the vats a in combination with the carriage which
by means of a suitable reversing motion is caused to run automatically and bring
the yarn to be treated, from-one-vat-to the other substantially as described_and_
illustrated in the annexed drawing.
Second. The motion and arrangement of the cross bars b. on which the yarn is
suspended for the purpose of producing a continuous agitation of the yarn and
a quick and uniform penetration of the same by the liquid substantially as
described and illustrated in the annexed drawing.
Third. The wholo combination of a machine working automatically which
performs the described operation, over vats arranged behind or beside each other
substantially as described and illustrated in the annexed drawing.
Dated this 6th day of January A.D. 1884.