Improvements in Looms for Weaving.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Jan., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 16th Oct., 1894-Accepted, 17th Nov., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving.
We, RICHARD LONGDEN HATTERSLEY, of North Brook Works, Keighley, in
the County of York, Machine Maker, and SIMEON JACKSON, of the same address,
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relating to looms for weaving, is divided into five parts and
consists firstly, of certain improvements in take up mechanism described in
Specification No. 3897 of 1893, the object of this invention being, to so arrange
and construct the take up mechanism therein described, that the same may be
converted from positive take up mechanism into negative take up mechanism;
secondly, of an improved "crimp" motion for producing crimped fabrics whereby
the same may be more regularly and evenly woven than has heretofore been the
case, which is effected by regulating the amount of warp let off from the warp
beam in a positive manner, and also by drawing the warp tight when the shuttle
passes through the shed, and paying off the warp when the lay moves forward to
beat up the weft; thirdly of improvements in dobby mechanisin arranged on the
well known shut shed principle, whereby the bell crank levers of such mechanism
are actuated after each operation of the knives to bring the catches and healds into
the same position as they were before the operation of the knives, so that a
selection of the catches may be made at the next operation of the pattern chain
and knives, and whereby the draw knives and catches may, by an arrangement of
levers, be disengaged from each other, and the healds lifted separately so that the
weaver may count or try the threads of each heald, to discover broken ends, or for
like purposes.
Our invention consists, fourthly, of an improved arrangement of parts for
indicating the shuttle box motion in a loom arranged with dobby on the shut shed
principle, whereby such mechanism is more simple and effective than has heretofore
been the case; and, fifthly of improved worm let off mechanism whereby the
tension of the warp is caused to regulate the rotation of the warp beam in either
direction.
Referring to the first part of our invention, we effect our improvements in the
following way. The take up mechanism described in Specification No. 3897
of 1893, is positive in its action, and in order to arrange such mechanism that it
may readily be converted into negative take-up mechanism, we construct the take up
gear with a specially prepared bracket for carrying the pinion wheel of such
mechanism, which said bracket is prepared for carrying setting up and holding
catches for operating on a catch wheel, which we substitute for the ordinary change
wheel, thereby uncoupling the take up beam from the horizontal cross shaft
described in the before named Specification. Motion is given to the catch wheel
by the setting up catch operated from the low tree or swing rail of the loom as is
well understood.
We carry into effect the second part of our invention by mounting behind the
warp bean supplying the "crimp warp" two rollers, the warp being conducted
around the lower half of the circumference of the first roller, and around the upper
half of the circumference of the second one, after which it is taken over an
oscillating rail to the healds.
The rail is caused to oscillate from any convenient part of the loom, and it is
provided with setting up catch for the purpose of rotating the two rollers, which
are provided with catch wheel and geared together, whereby the warp is drawn off
the beam in a positive manner

page_text: The oscillating rail works in unison with the lay of the loom, that is, when the
lay is back preparatory to the shuttle being thrown through the shed, the said rail
is also in its backward position, so that when the loom picks, the warp threads are
tight; however, as the lay moves forward for beating up the weft, the rail also
moves forward, and at the same time, by means of the catch attached thereto,
rotates the rollers and draws off the warp from the beam and gives slackness
thereto, which produces or gives to the fabric a crimped effect. By keeping the
warp tight at the time the loom "picks," the weaving of crimped fabrics is
facilitated, as otherwise the shuttle is liable to catch the slack threads. The
amount of slackness given to the warp, and therefore the crimped effect produced
on the fabric may be varied by means of change wheels similarly to the ordinary
take up notion, and in order that the crimping effect may be produced in squares,
or at intervals, the oscillating rail may be regulated or operated from the
dobby.
The third part of our invention consisting of improvements in dobby mechanism
arranged on the well known shut shed principle is effected as follows.
We operate the catches of the dobby mechanism in the usual manner, that is, by
means of knives, but elongate the bell crank levers of such mechanism in such a
way as to form double inclines between which we mount a roller carried in suitable
bearings, and which is caused to travel to and fro at each operation of the knives
by means of a rod coupled to same, and operate on the bell crank levers so that
after each operation of the knives, the said levers and parts connected therewith,
are brought to the same position as they occupied before the operation of the
knives, so that a selection of the catches necessary for the development of the
pattern may be made at the next operation.
In order that the catches and knives may be disengaged from one another, so
that the weaver can manually lift each heald separately to facilitate the discovery
of broken ends and for like purposes, we attach to the dobby frame two levers, one
on each side, which are operated manually against spring pressure and connected
together by a horizontal shaft.
Attached to the top knife of the dobby we have two other levers, one on each
side, and also two levers similarly situated carrying a horizontal shaft, these latter
levers working on studs attached to the dobby frame, which said levers when
operated as hereinafter described lift the horizontal rod against the catches which
are thereby raised out of contact with the bottom knife. These latter levers, and
the levers attached to the top knife are connected to the first named levers by the
operation of which both the catches and the top knife are raised, the latter being
raised a greater distance than the former, and further, the connections to the main
levers are arranged so as to allow the knife to work under ordinary conditions,
while in order that the knife may be lifted, the top part of the slide wherein it
works is hinged, and is raised with the knife against spring pressure.
In a dobby arranged on the shut shed principle the indication of the pattern
chain takes place immediately the loom passes the front centre and therefore at the
time when the lay is in its forward position, and it is therefore at this time that the
action of the reciprocating roller causes the bell crank levers, and parts connected
therewith to assume a normal position.
Now in order that the weaver may examine the threads of each heald, the loom
is set into the position above indicated, and the first named levers operated, and at
the same time as the same are held up, the loom is moved onto the back centre;
the knives and catches being disengaged no movement of the healds is effected.
When the loom has been put onto the back centre the levers are released and while
the knives have moved, the catches still retain their position and the healds can
therefore be raised by hand, and the threads brought to the surface.
As each heald is lifted, its respective catch is moved back and is held up by the
top knife, but by operating the lever arrangement again, the knife can be disengaged
from the catch and the heald falls, when the next can be lifted and examined in
like manner and so on until all the healds have been examined.
A

page_text: The fourth part of our invention, consists of an improved arrangement of parts
for indicating the shuttle box motion in looms arranged with dobby on the shut
shed principle.
In looms on the above principle it is requisite that the cylinder carrying the
pattern chain for operating upon or indicating the catches of the dobby mechanism
should be revolved at the moment when the loom is passing over the front centre,
so that any alteration of the healds may be effected as the lay passes from the
front to the back, while in the case of the shuttle box mechanism it is requisite
that the cylinder carrying the pattern chain should be operated at the time when
the loom is passing the back centre.
In order that these two mechanisms may be indicated or operated upon to effect
the required alterations for the production of the required design at the proper
moment, we mount the cylinders carrying the pattern chains of both mechanisms
on the same centre or spindle, and attach to each, cylinder a shogger wheel with
their faces opposite one another. To a vertical shaft driven from the loom's main
motor shaft by means of a clutch box we fix a shogger, the pin of which gears with
the shogger wheels before mentioned.
The vertical shaft is geared to rotate at the same speed as the loom's motor shaft,
so that at each half-revolution the pin of the shogger takes hold of a tooth of one
or the other of the shogger wheels attached to the said indicating cylinders, that is,
when the loom is passing the front centre, or the lay is in its front position, the
shogger is in gear with the shogger wheel attached to the cylinder carrying the
pattern chain of the dobby, and when the loom is passing the back centre, or when
the lay is in its back position the shogger is in gear with the wheel of the cylinder
carrying the pattern chain of the shuttle box mechanism, whereby these two
mechanisms are indicated or caused to operate precisely and effectively at the
proper moment without the intervention of levers or other mechanism which has
heretofore been necessary in order that their operations may be effected when the
loom is passing the centres.
The said vertical shaft or other part of the mechanism may be coupled directly
to the take up roller, or other known means adopted for coupling the beddle
operating and the shuttle box mechanisms to the take up roller, for well known
purposes such as lagging back" so that these mechanisms always keep their
relative positions.
The fifth part of our invention, consists of improvements in worm let-off
mechanism in combination with the employment of a hinged back rail to which
weighted levers are connected, and against which the tension or pull of the warp is
exerted, so that the position of the hinged rail varies according to the tension of
the warp. These improvements may be divided into two parts, in the first of
which the tension or pull of the warp on the said rail not only controls the
mechanism for rotating the warp beam in a forward direction, but the absence of
tension or pull, when "lagging" or pulling back, effects a reversion in the direction
of motion of such warp beam, and the warp is wound again on the beam, until the
tension or pull on the warp is resumed; in the second part of these improvements
in worm let off mechanism, however, the arrangement is somewhat different
insomuch as the mechanism for reversing the action of the warp beam, is coupled
directly to the levers which prepare other parts of the loom to effect a reversion in
the direction of motion of the take up beam, or the take up beam and heddle
operating mechanism combined, as set forth in Specification No. 10425 of 1887, for
the purpose of "lagging back or like
"
purposes.
The lack or decrease of tension of the warp on the back rail, can, however, in
this instance, prevent the rotation of the warp beain, but the lack of tension of the
warp cannot alter, the direction of motion of the warp beam, which can only be
effected by the weaver changing the position of certain levers or rods which may be
coupled to levers as above stated.
•
To carry out our improvements, we mount loosely on the cross shaft to which the
worm for operating the warp beam is attached, two bevel wheels, between which

page_text: wheels we have a double clutch sliding on a feather fixed to the shaft, and connected
by levers and rods to the hinged back rail. One of the bevel wheels is attached to
a catch wheel by which it is rotated, and the two bevel wheels are geared together
by a connecting wheel so that they rotate in opposite directions.
When the warp
is at its full tension the pressure thereby exerted on the hinged rail actuates the
clutch box to gear with one of the bevel wheels on the cross shaft, so that the warp
is let off; however, as the tension on the warp is slackened, the action of the
weighted lever causes the hinged rail to fall back, and thereby uncouples the clutch,
which then either remains in a mid-position between the bevel wheels, or is caused
to gear with the bevel wheel for rotating the cross shaft in the opposite direction,
when the warp is taken up and rewound on the beam.
Instead of the bevel wheels being mounted on the cross shaft, we have an
alternative arrangement, which consists of fixing onto said shaft two catch wheels
with their teeth set in opposite directions. The pawls or catches in connection
with such wheels we couple to the hinged rail, whereby the action of such catches
is regulated to rotate the cross shaft in accordance with the action of the warp on
the hinged rail as before described.
The second part of these improvements consists in connecting the clutch box on
the cross shaft, arranged as previously described, directly to the handle or lever in
connection with the mechanism for preparing for a reversion in the direction of
motion of the take up beam, or take up beam and heddle operating mechanism
combined, and also connecting said parts to an indicating lever in connection with
the catch which operates the catch wheel on the cross shaft.
The indicating lever attached to the said catch, is for the purpose of regulating
the amount of motion to be given to the catch wheel, and such lever works against
the hinged lever to which the back rail is fixed. As the position or elevation
of the latter lever varies by the changing tension of the warp, the catch indicating
lever falls a greater or less distance as the case may be.
When, however, the tension is entirely taken from the warp, by reason of
"lagging back" or like purposes, the hinged lever falls such a distance that the
said indicating catch lever is unable to operate. We therefore attach to the hinged
lever an elevated lever cranked sideways, and by moving the indicating catch lever
sideways at the same time as the clutch on the cross shaft is moved to effect a
reversion in the direction of motion of the warp beam, the said lever is enabled to
indicate on the catch in the same manner as when the warp was being let off..
Dated this 22nd day of January 1894.
J. SIDNEY CRITCHLEY,
27, Kirkgate, Bradford, Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms for Weaving.
We, RICHARD LONGDEN HATTERSLEY, of North Brook Works, Keighley, in
the County of York, Machine Maker, and SIMEON JACKSON, of the same address,
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relating to looms for weaving is divided into five parts and
consists, firstly, of certain improvements in take-up mechanism described in
Specification No. 3897 of 1893, the object of this invention being to so arrange
and construct the take-up mechanism therein described, that the same may be
converted from positive take-up mechanism into negative take-up mechanism;
secondly, of an improved "crimp" motion for producing crimped or like fabrics,
whereby the same may be more regularly and evenly woven than has heretofore
been the case, which is effected by regulating the amount of warp let off from the

page_text: warp beam in a positive manner, and also by drawing the warp tight when the
shuttle passes through the shed, and paying off the warp when the lay moves
forward to beat up the weft; thirdly, of improvements in dobby mechanism
arranged on the well known shut-shed principle, whereby the bell crank levers of
such mechanism are actuated after each operation to bring the catches and healds
into the same position as they were before the operation of the knives, so that a
selection of the catches may be made at the next operation of the pattern chain
and knives, and whereby the draw knives and catches may, by an arrangement of
levers, be disengaged from each other, and the healds lifted separately, so that the
weaver may count or try the threads of each heald to discover broken ends, or for
like purposes.
It consists, fourthly, of an arrangement of parts for indicating the
shuttle box motion in a loom arranged with dobby on the shut shed principle,
whereby such mechanism is more simple and effective than has heretofore been the
case; and it consists, fifthly, of improved worm let off mechanism, whereby the tension
of the warp is caused to regulate the rotation of the warp beam in either direction.
In order to fully explain our invention, we append hereto thirteen sheets of
drawings, of which Sheets 1 and 2 illustrate the first part of our invention.
Referring to these sheets:
Fig. 1 of same is a side view of our improvements in take up mechanism showing
same arranged to work positively,
Fig. 2, is a front view of same,
Fig. 3, is a side view of the same mechanism arranged to work negatively, and
Fig. 4 is a front view of Fig. 3.
In order that the various parts may be readily identified they are marked with
figures of reference, and in all the drawings like figures denote like parts.
The take-up mechanism described in Specification No. 3897 of 1893, is positive
in its action, and in order to arrange such mechanism that it may be readily
converted into negative take-up mechanism, we construct the take-up gear with a
specially prepared bracket 1, for carrying the pinion or change wheel 2. This
bracket is carried at one end on the shaft 3, of the take-up roller 4, and at the
other end, by a slotted bracket 5 attached to the loom frame 6, so that the centre
for the change wheel 2, may be taken further away from, or nearer to the centre of
the wheel 7, thus allowing for the application of a larger or smaller change wheel.
The wheel 7 is attached to the worm wheel 8, through which motion is imparted
to the take up roller 4 in a positive manner, by the worm 9 on the shaft 10, as set
forth in the Specification before named.
The bracket 1 is constructed with two lateral arms 1 and 1°, the arm 1 being
utilized for the purpose of carrying an oscillating lever 11 carrying a setting up
catch 12, and the end 1° for the purpose of carrying holding catches 13, so that
when it is desired to change the take up mechanism from positive mechanism into
negative mechanism, a catch wheel 14 is substituted for the change wheel or pinion 2,
and the requisite oscillating lever 11, setting up catch 12, and holding catches 13,
to work in connection therewith, attached to the bracket 1 as above described.
The lever 11 is caused to oscillate from the low tree or swing rail 15 of the loom, by
connecting lever and arın, as in the case of ordinary negative take-up mechanism.
The second part of our invention consisting of an improved “crimp" motion, is
illustrated by Sheets 3 and 4 of the drawings.
Fig. 5 of such drawings is a side elevation, and
Fig. 6 is a back elevation of our improved mechanism with certain other parts of
the loom.
We mount the let-off beam 16 carrying the crimp" warp, above the ordinary
let off beam 17, and carry same by suitable brackets attached to the frame or other
part of the loom.
The warp from this letting off warp beam 16, that is the additional warp which
is required to give the fabric a crimped appearance, we conduct around the lower
half of the circumference of a roller 18, and around the upper half of the
circumference of a roller 19, so that the rotation of the rollers 18 and 19, in the

page_text: manner hereafter described, draws off the warp from the beam 16.
The warp,
after leaving the rollers 18 and 19, is conducted over an oscillating rail 20, and
thence to the healds where it is manipulated in the ordinary manner. The rail 20
is caused to oscillate from any convenient part of the loom. In Fig. 5, a cam 21.
is shown fixed onto the main shaft for this purpose. This cam lifts against spring.
pressure, a lever 22 fulcrummed on a pin 22, which is prepared to carry the rail 20,
and also prepared to carry a catch 23 engaging with a catch wheel 23, which by
gearing rotates a wheel 24 attached to the shaft carrying the roller 18, motion
being imparted to the roller 19 in like degree by means of gearing wheels 25 fixed
to the opposite ends of the rollers, whereby they are geared together and rotate,
one with the other, thereby drawing off warp from the beam 16.
The rail 20, is caused to oscillate according to the setting and configuration of
the cam 21, which is set so that the rail moves in unison with the lay of the loom,
that is, when the lay is back preparatory to the shuttle being thrown through
the shed, the said rail is also in its backward position, so that when the loom
"picks," the warp threads are tight, however, as the lay moves forward for beating
up the weft, the rail also moves forward, and at the same time, by means of the
catches 23, the rollers 18 and 19 are revolved, and the warp drawn off the warp
beam 16. The rotation of the rollers 18 and 19 causes the warp to become slack,
so that as the fabric is woven it has a crimped appearance.
By thus keeping the warp tight at the time when the loom "picks," and letting
off the "crimp" warp in a positive manner when the lay moves forward to beat up
the weft, the weaving of crimped or like fabrics is facilitated, as otherwise, the
shuttle is liable to catch the loose threads of the "crimp" warp.
The amount of slackness given to the warp, and therefore the crimped or like
effect produced on the fabric, may be varied by means of change wheels similarly
to the ordinary take up motion, and in order that the crimped effect may be
produced in squares or at intervals, the oscillating rail 20 may be regulated or
operated from the dobby.
The third and fourth parts of our invention consist of improvements in dobby
mechanism arranged on the well. known shut shed principle, and an improved
arrangement of parts for indicating the shuttle box motion in looms with dobby on
the above principle.
Referring to Sheets 5, 6, 7, and 8, of drawings:
Fig. 7 is a plan view of our improved dobby mechanism and arrangement for
indicating the shuttle box motion.
Fig. 8 is a front elevation.
Fig. 9 is a back elevation of same, and
Figs. 10 and 11 are details.
Our improved dobby mechanism is constructed with the usual arrangement
of parts forming a shut shed dobby, that is, the draw catches 26, coupled to bell
crank levers 27, are operated by knives 28 which are coupled by means of rods
with the double armed pivotted lever 29, which is oscillated by means of a rod 29ª,
connected at its lower extremity to the wheel 30 driven from one of the loom's
main motor shafts.
The bell crank levers 27, which are pivotted on a pin 32, however, we elongate
by means of two arms so as to form a double incline 33, (see Figs. 10 and 11,
Sheets 7 and 8). Between the inclines thus formed we mount a roller 34 coupled
by two arms 35, one at each end, to the lower of the two knives 28.
The dobby frame is slotted so as to form a guide or support for the roller 34,
which is thereby enabled to slide to and fro at each operation of the knives 28, and
operate the bell crank levers 27 so that, after each operation of the knives, the
said levers 27, catches 26, and other parts connected therewith are brought to the
same position as they occupied before the operation of the knives. The catches 26
are, by these means, prepared ready for the operation of the pattern lage, so that
the necessary selection can be made for the development of the pattern of the fabric
which is being woven.

page_text: The action of the sliding roller 34 on the bell crank levers 27 is clearly shown
in Figs. 10 and 11.
In Fig. 10 the knives 28 and the roller 34 are shown advanced, and the bell crank
levers and parts connected therewith, moved for the raising or lowering of the
healds, and in Fig. 11 the same parts are shown in the position they occupy
preparatory to each operation of the dobby, and after the bell crank levers, and
parts connected therewith, have been brought back to their initiatory position by
the operation of the roller 34.
In order that the knives 28, and the catches 26, may be disengaged from one
another, so that the weaver or operative can manually lift each heald separately,
to facilitate the discovery of broken ends and for like purposes, we mount, on a
horizontal shaft 36, carried by the dobby frame, two levers 37, one on either side.
These levers can be manually moved on their pivotal axis against spring pressure
by means of an arm 37, of one of the levers 37, to which is attached a wire or
cord 38. To the top knife of the dobby, we attach two other arms or levers 39,
one on each side, and we again pivot to the dobby frame two other levers 40,
similarly situated. These latter levers carry a horizontal shaft 41, which passes
beneath, or at the underside of the draw catches 26. The levers 40, are connected
to the levers 37 beyond the fulcrum, by means of arms 42, and the arms or
levers 39 are connected to the extremity of the levers 37. The top part of the
slide 44, wherein the top knife 28 works to and fro, is hinged at 44", and held securely
by a spring 44, to allow for the knife being raised as hereafter explained; and, in
order that the knife may work under ordinary conditions the arms or levers 39
are slotted for their attachment to their respective levers 37.
In a dobby arranged on the shut shed principle, the indication of the pattern
chain takes place about the time when the loom passes the front centre, and
therefore when the lay is in its forward position, and it is therefore at this time that
the action of the reciprocating roller 34, causes the bell crank levers 27, and parts
connected therewith, to assume a normal position. Now, in order that the weaver
inay examine the threads of each heald, the loom is set into the position above
indicated, and the levers 37 operated by the cord or wire 38 attached to the
arm 37°.
The movement of these levers at once raises the rod or shaft 41, and
consequently lifts the draw catches 26 so that they will not be operated by the
lower knife 28.
Owing to the slots in the arms or levers 39, the first movement of the levers 37
does not effect any movement of such arms or levers in a vertical direction, but by
the time the draw catches have been lifted out of contact with the bottom knife,
the levers 37 have been raised a distance equal to the length of the slots of the
arms or levers 39. The further action of the levers 37 now raises the arms or
levers 39, and with them the top knife 28, clear of the top catches 26, so that any
operation of the top knife will not effect any movement of the said catches.
Owing to the point of connection of the armi 42 to the lever 37, no further lifting
of the shaft 41 ensues beyond the amount of lift necessary to allow for the clear
passage of the bottom knife.
-
Briefly, the action of the operation of the levers 37, by the arm 37" and cord 38,
is to raise the bottom draw catches out of contact with the bottom knife, and to
raise the top knife out of contact with the top draw catches.
At the same time as the weaver or operative holds the levers 37 by means
of the cord 38, as above described, the loom is moved onto its back centre ;
the knives and catches being held clear of each other by means of the operation
of the levers 37, no movement of the healds taking place. Immediately the
loom has been put onto the back centre, the levers 37 are released, and while the
knives have moved by the movement of the loom from the front to the back centre,
the catches, being clear of the knives, have remained stationary. Any one of
the healds can now be raised by hand, and the threads brought to the surface.
As each heald is lifted, its corresponding bell crank lever and catch is moved
and is held up by the knives, but by operating the levers 37 again, and disengaging

page_text: the knives and the catches, the heald falls, when the next heald can be lifted
and its threads examined in like manner, and so on until all the threads of the
warp have been examined.
Referring to our improved arrangement of parts for indicating the shuttle box
motion, it is requisite that the cylinder 45 carrying the pattern chain 46 for
operating upon or indicating the catches 26, should be revolved at the moment
when the loom is passing the front centre, so that any alteration of the healds may
be effected as the lay passes from the back to the front, while in the case of the
shuttle box mechanism, it is requisite that the cylinder 47, carrying the pattern
chain for operating upon or indicating the levers 48 controlling the shuttle box and
picking motion, by means of the usual tiller levers 49, should be operated at the time
when the loom is passing the back centre.
In order that these two mechanisms may be indicated, or operated upon, to effect
the required alterations for the production of the required design at the proper
moment, we mount the cylinders 45 and 47, carrying the pattern chains of their
respective mechanisms, on the same centre or spindle 50, and attach to each
cylinder or cylinder spindle, shogger wheels 45" and 47" with their faces opposite to
one another. To the vertical shaft 51, which is the ordinary vertical shaft used
for driving the dobby cylinder, we fix a shogger 52 to gear with the shogger
wheels 45* and 47. The vertical shaft 51 is geared to rotate at the same speed as
the loom's main motor shaft, so that, at each half revolution, the pin of the
shogger 52 takes hold of a tooth of one or the other of the shogger wheels 45*
and 47, whereby, when the loom is passing its front centre, or the lay is in its
forward position, the shogger is in gear with the shogger wheel 45ª, connected to
the cylinder 45 carrying the pattern chain of the dobby, and when the lay is in its
back position, the shogger 52 is in gear with the wheel 47* connected to the
cylinder 47 carrying the pattern chain of the shuttle box mechanism.
By means thus described these two mechanisms are indicated, or caused
to operate, precisely and effectively at the proper moment, without the inter-
vention of levers or other mechanism, which has heretofore been necessary
in order that their operations may be effected when the loom is passing the
centres.
The vertical shaft 51 is driven from the shaft 53 in the usual way. That is,
the shaft 53 is provided with a clutch sliding on a feather fixed to the said shaft,
which clutch may be made to gear with either of two wheels with their faces
opposite each other, and both of which gear with a wheel fixed to the said shaft 51.
The clutch is coupled to a rod 54 and the usual lever arrangement for manually
moving the clutch on the shaft, so that the rotation of the shaft 51 may be reversed
when lagging back. The arrangement of rods and levers, for preparing for a
reversion of the vertical shaft, is also connected to a rod 55, coupled to the mechanism
for also preparing for a reversion of the take up roller, all these said levers being
coupled to hand rod 56.
The usual arrangement for manually stopping the picking motion is adopted.
This is effected by movement of the lever 57 which is connected to a rod 58
communicating with the picking motion. The lever 57 is also coupled to the
hand rod 56 as is the usual practice, so that when the picking motion is stopped,
the indicating cylinders 45 and 47 are also stopped, or when the cylinders 45
and 47 and the take up roller are reversed, the picking motion is rendered
inoperative.
The fifth part of our invention, consisting of improvements in worm let off
mechanism, is illustrated by Sheets 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13.
Fig. 12 of these drawings is a side view of this improved mechanism,
Fig. 13 is a side view of an alternative arrangement, and
Figs. 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20, are details.
These improvements in worm let-off mechanism refer to certain improvements in
that class of mechanism in which there is employed a hinged back rail, to, which
weighted levers are connected, and against which the tension or pull of the warp

page_text: exerted, so that the position of the hinged rail varies according to the tension of
the warp. This said tension is utilized for controlling the mechanism to rotate the
warp beam in a forward direction, while the absence of tension or pull, when lagging
or pulling back, effects a reversion in the direction of motion of such warp beam,
and the warp is wound again on the beam until the tension or pull on the warp is
resumed. Referring to Fig. 12 of the drawings, we mount loosely on the cross
shaft 59, to which the worm 60 is attached for rotating the warp beam 61, two
bevel wheels 62 and 63, between which we have a double clutch 64 sliding
on a feather fixed to the said shaft, as shown and described in Specification
No. 2917 of 1892.
This clutch however is connected by lever 65, rod 66, and lever 67 to the hinged
back rail 68 over which the warp from the beam 61 passes, and to which weighted
ievers are in the ordinary way connected.
The
To the bevel wheel 63 we fix a catch wheel 69, which is intermittently rotated
by catches 70 from the sword 71 of the loom, by means of connecting arms.
bevel wheels 62 and 63 are geared together by a connecting wheel 72, so that they
rotate in opposite directions, the direction of the rotation of the shaft 59 being
thereby regulated according to which of the wheels 62 and 63, the clutch 64 may
be in gear with.
Presuming the warp to be at its full tension, the pressure thereby exerted on the
hinged rail, actuates the clutch 64 to gear with the bevel wheel 63 so that the warp
beam is rotated in the direction for letting off the warp. Should, however, the
tension of the warp be slackened, the action of the weighted lever attached to
the back rail 68 causes the rail to move on its pivot 68", and thereby move the
clutch 64 out of gear with the wheel 63, when, the said clutch either remains
in a mid position between the bevel wheels 62 and 63, or is caused to gear with
the bevel wheel 62 which rotates in the opposite direction to the wheel 63, when
in the former case, the shaft 59 remains stationary, and in the latter case, it is
rotated in the opposite direction, and the warp is taken up and rewound on the
beam 61.
Fig. 13 shows an alternative arrangement, and also the employment of two warp
beams 61 and their necessary mechanisms. As these mechanisms are duplicates,
one of the other, and operate in precisely the same manner, the description of one
applies equally to the other.
In this alternative arrangement, we dispense with the bevel wheels 62 and 63°
and parts immediately in connection therewith, and substitute therefor two catch
wheels 73 and 74 keyed onto the shaft 59. The teeth of these catch wheels, are
set in opposite directions, so that the catch wheel 73 rotates the shaft in the
direction for letting off the warp from the beam, and the catch wheel 74 in the
opposite direction. The catches 73 and 74" of these catch wheels are operated from
the sword 71 of the loom, and are regulated or controlled in their engagement with
the teeth of their respective catch wheels by means of the tension of the warp on the
hinged back rail 68.
For this purpose, we pivot on the shaft 59, a lever 75 carrying a curved plate 76
(see Fig. 15) formed to partly cover the upper circumference of the catch wheels,
and by which one or both of the catches 73 and 74ª are held out of gear with the
teeth of their respective catch wheels. The lever 75 carrying this plate is connected
by a rod 66 and lever 67 to the hinged rail 69, and is therefore oscillated according
to the tension of the warp on the hinged rail, thus allowing one or the other of the
catches to engage with its respective catch wheel, or keeping both catches out
of gear.
Presuming the warp to be at its full tension, the pressure thereby exerted on
the hinged rail 68, actuates the curved plate 76 so that the catch 73ª is allowed to
drop into gear with its catch wheel 73, and the warp beam 61 is rotated in the
direction for letting off the warp therefrom. Should, however, the tension of the
warp be slackened, the curved plate 76, either assumes a mid position as shown by
Fig. 15, Sheet 11, wherein neither of the catches is in gear, or it is moved
B

page_text: over so as to allow the catch 74 to gear with its catch wheel 74. In the
former event, there is no rotation of the warp beam shaft 59, while in the
latter event, the shaft 59 is rotated in the direction for rewinding the warp on
the beam.
The catch wheels 73 and 74, catches 73 and 74ª, and curved plate 76, are shown
in detail on Sheet 11, Fig. 14 being a plan, and Fig. 15 a section through the
shaft 59.
The catches 73 and 74" are pivotted on a pin 77 supported by a bell crank
lever 78, which is oscillated on the shaft 59 by the sword 71, to which it is
connected by the rod 79.
In Fig. 15, the curved plate 76 is shown supporting or keeping both the catches
out of gear with their respective catch wheels, and in order that the catches
may gear with the teeth of their respective catch wheels, immediately the curved
plate 76 is moved the requisite distance, in either direction, the bosses of the catches
are made to fit or gear, one with the other. It will be seen that the boss of one of
the catches has a V-shaped tooth, which fits into a similarly shaped indentation in the
boss of the other catch, and that, behind the catch 73ª there is coiled on the pin 77,
a spring 80. The tooth of one boss is so placed relatively to the indentation in
the boss of the other catch, that the tooth only fits perfectly into the indentation,
when one or the other of the catches is at work; or, when both catches are out of
gear, the plate 76, on account of the V-shaped tooth, forces the bosses a short
distance apart and the spring is slightly compressed. When, therefore, the plate
moves so as to allow one of the catches to work, the spring forces the two bosses
together, whereby rigidity of the catches, and their immediate action with their
respective catch wheels is ensured.
Sheet 12 shows enlarged views of the catch wheels 73 and 74 and the curved
plate 76.
Fig. 16 of same, is a half section of one catch wheel, and half elevation of the
other, showing the different angles of their respective teeth,
Fig. 17 being a plan view of same.
Fig. 18 is a side elevation of the curved plate 76, and
Fig. 19 is a plan view of same.
Fig. 20, Sheet 13, is a plan view showing the levers 67 and the hinged rails 68.
The levers 67, are pivotted on a pin attached to the loom frame, and are provided
for the purpose of multiplying the motion of the hinged rail, so that the least motion
of the hinged rail, due to the alteration in the tension of the warp, is communicated
in increased proportion to the rods 66, and thereby to the gear for regulating the
motion of the shaft 59.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is :
1. In positive take-up mechanisin of looms for weaving, as herein described,
the employment of a bracket 1 having arms 1" and 1b, for the purpose of converting
such take-up mechanism from positive into negative take-up mechanism, by the
substitution of a catch wheel 14, for the change wheel 2, and the addition of an
oscillating lever 11, operated from the low tree of the loom, and holding catches 13,
substantially as shown and described.
2. In looms for weaving, the combination of a "crimp" warp beam 16, drawing off
rollers 18 and 19, and oscillating rail 20, said rail being caused to oscillate in unison
with the lay of the loom, and said rollers being revolved for drawing off the warp
when the lay is beating up the weft, substantially in the manner as shown and
described and for the purpose herein set forth.
3. In shut shed dobby mechanism of looms for weaving, the employment of a
reciprocating roller 34, actuating the bell crank levers 27 of such mechanism,
whereby said levers, catches 26, and other parts connected therewith, are brought

page_text: to a normal position after each operation of the knives 28, substantially in the
manner as shown and described and for the purpose herein set forth.
4. In shut shed dobby mechanism of looms for weaving, the combination of
levers 37, arms 39, levers 40, rod 41, connecting arm 42, and hinged slide 44;
with draw catches 26, bell crank levers 27, knives 28, and reciprocating roller 34,
all arranged to operate substantially in the manner as shown and described and for
the purpose herein set forth.
5. In shut shed dobby and change box mechanism of looms for weaving, the
employment of a shogger 52, carried by a vertical shaft 51 actuating shogger
wheels 45" and 47, the said shogger wheels being connected to the pattern
cylinders 45 and 47. respectively, which are mounted on the same centre or
spindle 50, substantially in the manner as shown and described and for the purpose
herein set forth.
6. In let-off mechanism of looms for weaving, the combination of the hinged
back rail 68 and the horizontal shaft 59, with a catch wheel 69 actuated on the
said shaft by catches 70, bevel wheel 63 attached to said catch wheel, bevel
wheel 62, connecting wheel 72, and double clutch 64, sliding on a feather attached
to shaft 59, and connected to the hinged rail 68, thereby, controlling its engagement
with the bevel wheels 62 and 63 by the tension of the warp on the hinged rail, all
arranged to operate substantially in the manner as shown and described and for the
purpose herein set forth.
7. In let-off mechanism of looms for weaving, the combination of the hinged
back rail 68 and the horizontal shaft 59, with catch wheels 73 and 74, fixed to
the shaft 59, catches 73 and 74" for actuating said catch wheels, and the curved
plate 76, connected to the hinged rail 68, thereby controlling the engagement of
the catches 73 and 74" with their respective catch wheels by the tension of the
warp on the said rail, all arranged to operate substantially in the manner as shown
and described and for the purpose herein set forth.
Dated this 15th day of October 1894.
J. SIDNEY CRITCHLEY,
27, Kirkgate, Bradford, Agent for the Applicants.