Improvements in or relating to Hose-nozzles.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Aug., 1890-Accepted, 8th Nov., 1890
Improvements in or relating to Hose-nozzles.
A communication from abroad by CHARLES WRIGHT FEARSALL, of Syracuse, County
of Onondaga, State of New York, Mechanic, and URI BALCOX PEARSALL, of
Fort Scott, County of Bourbon, State of Kansas, Real Estate Dealer, both in the
United States of America.
I, WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.(.S., M.L.M.E., of the Agency for Foreign
Patent Solicitors, 6, Lord Street, Liverpool and 6, Bank Street, Manchester both in
the County of Lancaster and 323 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex,
Civil Engineer, do hereby doclare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The object of the invention is to produce a detachable hose-nozzle, and one
peculiarly adapted for firemen's uso under varied conditions, that will, while the body
of the nozzle practically remains stationary, permit, within circumscribed limits, of the
ready variation of the degree of inclination of, and the direction of, the discharged
stream of water forced or flowing through the nozzle discharge mouth, in which the
pressure of water (or other fluid) against a concave surface of a cup-shaped portion of
a variable or circum-rotary nozzle mouth piece, will, of itself, through the slight
for ward propulsion of said mouth picce having the integral cup-shaped portion, create
a water-tight (or steam, air and gas tight) union at the point of contact or connection
between the tubular nozzle-body and its tubular movable mouth piece, in which a
thoroughly tight and non-leakable union of contacting parts is assured without the
employment of any packing, a construction embodying a variable nozzle mouth piece
that cannot be blown out of, nor unduly displaced within the nozzle-body, no matter
how powerful the pressure of the water, nor the adaptable degree of inclination of the
movable mouth piece, a nozzle in which, through the pressure of the passing fluid, the
movable mouth or discharge piece thereof will remain stationary in whatever direction
disposed until changed to some different angle or inclination by the hose-man or other
manipulator, and other improved details of construction and interchangeableness of
parts imparting increased effectiveness thereto.
The invention consists essentially in the novel features of construction, operation,
adaptation and combination and co-operation of parts hereinafter described, and which
are specifically enumerated in the claims hereunto annexed, reference being made to
the accompanying drawing in which :-
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of the variable hose-nozzle.
Figure 2 a like sectional view of the same.
Figure 3 a side elevation of the improved nozzle, and
Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 illustrate certain details in its construction.
Similar letters and figures of reference denote corresponding parts throughout the
several views of the drawings.
The device is constructed as follows:-
A, is the body portion of the nozzle, comprising the tubular stem b, preferably
provided with a tubular head a at its rear portion, the said head being internally
threaded as at d, said tubular stem 6 terminating forwardly in a substantially hemi-
spherically shaped shell c formed integrally therewith, and externally threaded at its
forward portion as at e, and whereat is detachably secured a hemisphero-segmental
retaining ring B internally threaded at its rear portion, as at f, whereby its over-
lapping threaded part engages with the externally threaded end of the hemispherically
shaped shell portion c of the body A.
The hemisphero-segmental retaining ring B is of a convergent form forwardly as

page_text: at g, its contour thereat being practically a circumferential continuation of the
circumference of the shell c of the body A.
Within the semi-globular chamber, formed by the union of the hemispherical shell e
and hemisphero retaining ring B of the main body portion A, lies a hemispherical
shell or cup portion h, terminating forwardly in a tubular stem i, integral therowith,
and having at its discharge extremity a contracted nozzle mouth K, integral therewith;
or detachably attached thereto, said parts conjointly creating the movable nozzle mouth
piece C.
Figure 1 of the drawing illustrates the position of the parts as when connected
together, and a pressure of water or other fluid bearing against the concave interior
of the hemispherical cup-shaped part h of the nozzle mouth pieco C, the force of the
pressure of Huid necessarily impelling the cup-shaped portion tightly against the
interior of the convergent party of the retaining ring B, and thus in perfect shape for
service, the hemispherical shell (or cup portion) h of the movable nozzle month
piece being adapted to turn (through its manipulation by the operator's hand upon
its tubular stem portion i) within the encompassing parts and B, and thereby
causing the tubular discharge piece (of which it forms a component part) to assume
an angle of inclination coincident with the degree of movement of said cup-shaped
portion thereof.
It will readily be perceived that, no matter how great the pressure of the water
forwardly against the cup portion of the nozzle mouth piece C, it cannot be forced
out of the circum-adjacent portion, that is hemispherical shell and annular
convergent retaining ring B combined, owing to the fact that the forward extremity
of the combined semi-globular hody portion A forwardly converges sufficiently to
prevent the cup portion of the nozzle mouth pieco C from being expelled, irrespective
of the lateral inclination of said mouth piece, as the diameter of the circular orifice
created by the convergent portion y of the retaining ring B of the body A is of less
diameter an the contacting enp portion of the movable nozzle month piece C.
In Figure 2 is illustrated the position of the parts as when connected together, and
previous to a flow or pressure of water or other fluid therein and against the concavo
inner surface of the cup portion of the movable nozzlo month piece (, the fact that
no pressure or flow of water has been applied having the tendency to cause the part h
of the nozzle mouth piece to assume the position shown in said Figure 2, that is,
projecting rearwardly to utmost limit, and thus leaving (in said rearward position)
the annular space, between the exterior of the cup-shaped portion h and the circum-
adjacent convergent portion of the retaining ring B to be fully occupied upon the
forward movement of the portion h, due to the pressure of water or other fluid against
its concave interior surface, and thus creating (through fluid pressure) a non-packing
joint or union utterly impervious to the escape of fluid, independent to what degree of
inclination the nozzle mouth piece C' is moved by the operator.
As is well understood, the function of the contracted nozzle mouth, K, is that it
holds the discharged stream of water in close impact for quite a distance from the
nozzle dischargo ond before it will exhibit any tendency to spray or otherwise
spread.
By means of the internally threaded hollow head a of the tubular stem of the
nozzle body, the nozzle is readily adapted to be attached to any ordinary hose or pipe
cut-off, or to a hose direct, or connected thereto by the utilisation of any customary
form of reducer.
As is clearly discernible, the attaching of the parts together in operative position is
accomplished by inserting the cup-portion of the nozzle mouth-pieco, C, partly
within the interior of the hemispherical shell portion of the body A, and then
slipping the annular convergent retaining ring B over the nozzle mouth-piece
rearwardly, and screwing it to the externally threaded portion of the hemispherical
shell c of the body, thus disposing the variable mouth pioce O in operative position.
By dotted lines (as designated by dotted capital C) is illustrated one of the varied
inclinations or angles the movable mouth piece may be made to assume under the
guidance of the operator's hand.
C

page_text: experiments.
No packing or other filling is required at the point of union or contact of the
coupling portions, as the pressure or weight of the water or other fluid against the
interior concave sides of the hemispherical shell or cup portion h retains the same in
such close contact or union with the convergent walls g of the body portion A, that is,
retaining ring B, that there is absolutely no leakage whatever at the joints as has been
demonstrated by repeated actual
And whether the tubular discharge stem of the movable mouth piece C is disposed
longitudinally in line with the body portion of the nozzle or at any possible inclination,
the pressure of the flowing water or other fluid, not only creates a non-leakable joint,
but, additionally of itself, retains the nozzle mouth piece in whatever position or
degree of inclination it has been caused to assume by the manipulation of the hose-man
or other operator, until moved to another direction, as fully demonstrated by repeated
oxperiments upon the part of the inventor.
Consequently it is the direct pressure of the flowing liquid against the cup-shaped
portion of the variable mouth piece C, that impels the same forwardly against the
circum-adjacent parts of the body, and creating an air and water-tight joint devoid of
any packing.
The interior surface of the hemispherical shell portion of the nozzle mouth piece O
gradually tapers rearwardly to substantially a point at the shell's annular edge, as at o,
whereby at that spot, the edge, practically no obstruction is presented to the passage
of the water or other fluid, any possible tendency to back water or leakage thereat is
absolutely prevented.
This is quite an essential feature of the invention.
The annular convergent extremity g, of the attached retaining-ring B, both limits
and serves as a stop to undue sidewise movement of the mouth-piece C.
D represents an annular discharge tip, or cap, provided centrally with a contracted
discharge orifice or mouth K, through which the stream of water or other fluid is
discharged under pressure; said aperture usually being circular, as shown, and thus
ensuring the flow of a compact stream of practically cylindrical contour; the said
annular discharge tip (or cap) having an interior threaded portion m, whereby it is
detacbably secured to the stem portion of the variable mouth-piece C, by means of
the externally threaded portion at the forward extremity thereof, all as clearly
illustrated in Figure 1 of the drawing.
In Figure 4 is shown a side elevation of the annular discharge tip D, as detached
from the nozzle mouth-piece.
And, in Figure 5, is shown an end view of said discharge tip-looking into the
interior of same forwardly toward its contracted discharge K.
In Figure 2 of the drawing is represented a modification of, or rather, perhaps, an
addition to the annular discharge-tip D, having the central contracted discharge K,
in that there is formed preferably integral therewith, an extension of such shape or
contour as to create a forward flat tip or portion E, provided at two diametrically
opposite sides. with curvilinear flattened walls p p extending forwardly, that, in
conjunction with the forward laterally projecting semi-circular walls disposed
opposite each other, create at or near their termination the elongated flat discharge
orifice S.
Said described construction is thoroughly illustrated in aforesaid Figure 2, of the
drawing, and also, to a certain degree, by dotted lines in Figure 1, of the drawing,
as designated by the dotted capital E thereat.
Additionally, in Figure 6, is shown a side elevation of the said tip, looking toward
one of its laterally extended semi-circular walls; and Figure 7 is a transverse section
thereof taken on dotted linea a Figure 6, of the drawing, said sectional view clearly
showing the elongated flat discharge orifice S thereof.
The great utility of the flat discharge tip E, as employed in connection with the
other portions of this device is, that when a conflagration breaks out in lumber piles-
where usually the boards are disposed horizontally or incliningly one above the other
in such manner as to leave spaces between the same-a practically flat and wide
sheet or stream of water, or other fluid, may readily be discharged in between the

page_text: adjacent layers of boards (at which point it is usually difficult to reach the flames by
use of ordinary discharge tips) and whereby extinguishment of the fire is speedily
assured, the flat stream of water thoroughly entering into the interstices of the piled
up lumber.
The employment of a cylindrical discharge nozzle or tip for above mentioned pur-
pose is practically valueless, as the parallel board afges presented to the impact of a
cylindrical stream of water necessarily present such resistance thereto as to break and
scatter sano and prevent the stream from finding unobstructed untrance into the
interstices of the lumber pile.
As is readily discornible, this variable hose-nozzle, when provided with the flat-tip
extension, obviates the difficulty experienced in the employment of a cylindrical
discharge for aforesaid purpose.
And, as tho movable mouth-piece () (by reason of its integral cup-portion h) is
adapted to be disposed at various degrees of inclination, it necessarily follows that the
connected flat discharge-tip E may be made to assume an inclination at its discharge
orifice coincident with the varying direction or inclination of piled-up boards or other
timbers in yards or sheds used for the storage of lumber.
It will be observed that the circular discharge-tip D, and the conjoint discharge D,
provided with the extended flat tip portion E, are each at their rearward threaded
portion m of similar diameter, whereby, as preferred, one or the other my readily be
screwed onto the projecting threaded extremity of the mouth-piece (of the nozzle.
This feature of being interchangeable is of great importance, as it mimits of the con-
nection of, or interchange of one or the other to or from the threaded mouth-piece
end easily and expeditiously.
In Figure 3, wherein is shown a side elevation of the variable hose-nozzle, the parts
are of a construction identical with the main body portion and movable mouth-pieco
as embodied in the sectional views, Figures 1 and 2, with this modification, that is,
the tip portion (see 1') is formed integrally with the stem of the tubular mouth-
pieco C, flanged as shown, and provided centrally on its vertical extremity with a
discharge orifice of desired contour.
At t, and r, the external peripheral surface of the parts a, B and D respectively are
milled, whereby those portions may the more readily be grasped tightly and thus
expeditiously and easily turned in desired direction by the hand of the operator.
Moreover, incidentally, the milling imparts a more ornamental appearance to the
article externally.
By this manner of construction, no bolts, rivets, or pins are necessitated in the
formation of the improved hose-nozzle.
n
As may readily be perceived, a hose-man or other person, can, by a slight move-
ment of the variable mouth-piece of the nozzle direct a stream of water at almost any
angle or inclination under forty-five degreas or thereabout, without necessitating any
change of position laterally or curvilinearly of the hose.
Moreover, the disadvantages entailed in hoisting, and delay in directing a stream
of water upon a fire, as occurring in the use of the common forins of hose-nozzles, are
completely obviated by the employment of the improved nozzle in connection with a
hose, for fire purposos, as it can be steered at will by a hose-man regardless of the
rigidity or cumbersomeness of the attached hose.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in wlunt manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A hose-nozzle body provided with a variable or circum-rotary discharge mouth-
piece comprising forwardly a tubular discharge stem and rearwardly a hemi-
spherical (or cup-shaped) shell portion, that is adapted, through the direct forward
pressure of fluid against its interior concave surface, to move longitudinally forward
against and in direct contact with the circum-adjacent forward body portion, creating
an air and water tight joint or union thoreat devoid of packing, and adapted through
the cassation of the fluid pressure against its inner concave surface to recede out of

page_text: direct contact with the forward circum-adjacent body portion, all constructed and
operating together substantially as described.
2. A variable hose-nozzle consisting of a main or hody portion comprising the
tubular stem threaded at its rear extremity, and terminating forwardly in a sub-
stantially hemispherical shell portion integral with said stem, and threaded at its
forward extremity, and an hemisphero-seginental retaining-ring threaded at its rear
end, and screwed to the forward threaled extremity of the hemispherical shell portion
of the nozzle-body, an hemispherical shell portion lying movably within the semi-
globular chamber created by the attachment together of the hemispherical shell
portion and detachable hemisphero-retaining-ring of the nozzle body portion, and
adapted to forward, rearward, and circum-rotary movement therein, the said portion
terminating forwardly in a tubular stem integral therewith, and conjointly forming a
variable nozzle mouth-piece, and provided at its forward extremity with a discharge
month or orifice, all said parts being combined and operating together substantially
as heroin specified.
3. In a variable hose-nozzle, the main or body portion A, comprising the tubular
stem b, baving the internally threaded tubular head portion a rearwardly, said stem b,
terminating forwardly in a hemispherical shell portion c, integral therewith and
externally threaded at its front portion, a hemisphero segmental retaining ring B, of
convergent form forwardly, internally threaded, and detachably secured to the hemi-
spherical shell portion c, at its threaded extremity, an hemispherical shell or cup-
portion, disposed movably within the semi-globular chamber of the body portion A,
both longitudinally and circam-rotary, and terminating forwardly and centrally in an
elongaied tubular discharge stem i, formed integral therewith, and provided with a
contracted nozzle discharge mouth or orifice K, at its forward portion, the hemi-
spherical shell of the nozzle mouth-piece C, decreasing in thickness rearwardly
toward the shell's circumferential edge (as at o) and creating a thin edge thereat for
purpose specified, all constructed, combined, and operating in unison together sub-
stantially as described and shown.
4. In a variable hose-nozzle, the combination of the main portion A, comprising
the threaded tubular head a, integral tubular stem b, integral hemispherical shell c,
circumferentially threaded forwardly, and detachable threaded retaining ring B,
having the forward converging circumferential rim g, with the variable mouth-piece C,
comprising a hemispherical or cup-shaped portion, movably seated within the
chamber created by the union of the parts c, and B, said cup-portion h, having walls
decreasing in thickness rearwardly to or at its circumferential edge, as at o, and
integrally connected with a tubular discharge stein i, provided at its forward extremity
with a detachable discharge-tip D, having a contracted discharge mouth or orifice K,
said tip being secured by its threaded part to the threaded end of the stem i, of the
mouth piece C, substantially as described.
5. The combination with the discharge mouth-piece C, movably seated within the
chamber of the nozzle body by its cup-shaped portion of the flat tip extension E
(constructed as shown) having the elongated rectangular or flat discharge orifice S
and detachably connected to the tubular stem i, of the mouth-piece C, by the integral
annular portion D, substantially as described and for the purposes specified.
12 BOLL 3
SA1800
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.