IMPROVEMENTS IN LACE MACHINERY, AND THE PRODUCTION OF A NOVEL DESCRIPTION OF FABRIC THEREON
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Martin, of Sherwood Street, in the
Town and County of the Town of Nottingham, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN LACE MACHINERY, AND THE PRODUCTION OF A NOVEL
DESCRIPTION OF FABRIC THEREON."
Sealed the 7th November 1871, and dated the 20th September 1871.
-
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Martin at the -
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
20th September 1871.
.;
I, WILLIAM MARTIN, of Sherwood Street, in the Town and County of
the Town of Nottingham, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LACE MACHINERY, AND THE PRODUCTION OF A
NOVEL DESCRIPTION OF FABRIC THEREON," to be as follows:--
-
:
The Invention has for its object improvements in lace machinery, and i
the production of a novel description of fabric thereon.

page_text: The Invention consists in producing in a "double tier circular " lace
machine a novel description of fabric resembling loom-made fabrics in
its general character.
In making lace in the aforesaid description of machinery, as heretofore
arranged, the warp and the weft or bobbin threads are united by the
weft being wrapped or twisted around the warp threads.
In making my improved fabric by lace machinery the warp and weft
are not united by the weft threads being wrapped or twisted around the
warp threads, but by the two (that is the warp and the weft) being
interlaced, as in loom work.
To produce this description of fabric I use two or more warp threads
to each bobbin thread, which warp threads may be beamed upon one or
more beams as desired, and by the operation of the guide bars I cause
these warp threads to cross each other, and alternately to interlace with
the weft or bobbin threads in a very similar manner to that done in the 1
ordinary loom in the manufacture of various fabrics.
The motions given to the bobbin carriages and guide bars (supposing
four guide bars to be used for operating the warp threads) when using a
twelve motion wheel" are as follows:-
"
In the First Motion, the carriages being in the middle, guide bars
Number 4 is to the left, and the comb bar and guide bars Numbers
1, 2, and 3 move from left to right.
Second Motion. The carriages to the front, guide bars Numbers 1
and 3 move from right to left, and guide bars Numbers 2 and 4 remain
stationary, and comb bar moves from right to left.
Third Motion.-Carriage to the middle, comb bar and guide bars
Numbers 1, 3, and 4 move from left to right, and Number 2 remains
stationary.
Fourth Motion. Carriages to the back, comb bar and guide bars
Numbers 2 and 4 move from right to left, and Numbers 1 and 3 remain
stationary.
Fifth Motion.-Carriages to the middle, comb bar and guide bar
Number 2 move from left to right, and Numbers 1, 3, and 4 remain
stationary..
i.
Sixth Motion. Carriages to the front, comb bar and guide bars a
-

page_text: stationary.
Seventh Motion.-Carriages to the middle, comb bar and guide bars
Number 1 and 4 move from left to right, and Numbers 2 and 3
remain stationary.
Eighth Motion.-Carriages to the back, guide bar Number 4 moves
from right to left, and comb bar and guide bars Numbers 1, 2, and 3
remain stationary.
Ninth Motion. Carriage to the middle, comb bar and all the guide
bars remain stationary.
Tenth Motion. Carriages to the front, comb bar and all the guide.
bars remain stationary.
Eleventh Motion.-Carriages to the middle, guide bar Number 1
moves from right to left, comb bar and guide bars Numbers 2, 3, and 4
remain stationary.
Twelfth Motion.-Carriages to the back, comb bar and guide bar
Number 2 move from right to left, and guide bars Numbers 1, 3, and 4
remain stationary.
By the aid of the foregoing description a competent mechanic will
be enabled to make the necessary modifications in the forms of the
"wheels" to produce my improved fabric in the class of machines herein-
before referred to, and I would here remark that if desired more than
four guide bars may be employed, and more than two warp threads may
be used with each bobbin or weft thread, and that other arrangements of
the motions of the comb bar and guide bars may be employed to produce
a similar description of fabric, and the mode of operating such guide
bars and preparing the necessary wheels for the purpose will be readily
understood by the foregoing description.
By these means an improved description of fabric in imitation or
substitution of loom-made fabrics is produced at a greater speed than by
any means heretofore in use.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Martin in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 20th March 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
MARTIN, of Sherwood Street, in the Town and County of the Town of
Nottingham, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Martin, Her special licence
that I, the said William Martin, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others' as I, the said William Martin, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LACE
MACHINERY, AND THE PRODUCTION OF A NOVEL DESCRIPTION OF FABRIC THEREON,'
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William Martin,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my,
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the. Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
"
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Martin, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings here-
unto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is
to say -
The Invention has for its obiect improvements in lace machinery, and

page_text: · The Invention consists in producing in a "double tier circular" lace
machine a novel description of fabric resembling loom-made fabrics in
its general character.
In making lace in the aforesaid description of machinery as heretofore
arranged, the warp and the weft or bobbin threads are united by the
warp being wrapped or twisted around the weft or bobbin threads.
In making my improved fabric by lace machinery the warp and weft
are not united by the warp threads being wrapped or twisted around the
weft or bobbin'threads, but by the two (that is the warp and the weft)
being interlaced, as in loom work..
:
At Figures 1 and 2 I have shown diagrams to a large scale of two
pieces of fabric made in lace machinery according to my Invention.
These two diagrams represent fabric to be used in substitution for
ordinary loom-made gauze, but if desired, by employing different speeds
of "winding up," and by using different thicknesses and descriptions of
warp and weft threads, closer or more open fabric may be produced as'
desired.
To produce this description of fabric I use two or more warp threads
to each bobbin thread, which warp threads may be beamed upon one or
more beams as desired, and by the operation of the guide bars I cause
these warp threads to cross each other and alternately to interlace with
the weft or bobbin threads in a very similar manner to that done in the
ordinary.loom in the manufacture of various fabrics, but instead of the
weft threads running at right angles to the warp threads, as in loom
work, they run in my improved fabric in directions diagonal thereto, as
will be well understood.
In the diagrams, Figures 1 and 2, I have shown only two warp threads:
to be used with each bobbin thread, and in the production of such;
description of fabric I use four "guide bars" for operating the warp
threads, but if a larger number than two warp threads be employed with
each bobbin thread then a proportionate increase in the number of
guide bars" will be required to operate them, as will be well under-
stood.
66
In the production of fabric such as that shown at Figures 1 and 2,
"wheels" having twelve motions are employed, but a larger number of
motions may be used if desired, and in the production of fabric such as

page_text: that shown at Figure 1 the motions given to the bobbin carriages and
"guide bars" are as follows, Figure 3 showing a plan of the wheel used
for giving motion to the "comb bar," and Figures 4, 5, 6, and 7 showing
plans of the wheels used for giving motion to the guide bars.
In the First Motion, the carriages being in the middle, guide bar No. 4
is to the left, and the comb bar and guide bars Nos. 1, 2, and 3 move
from left to right.
Second Motion.-The carriages to the front, guide bars Nos. 1 and 3
move from right to left, and guide bars Nos. 2 and 4 remain stationary,
and comb bar moves from right to left.
Third Motion. Carriages to the middle, comb bar and guide bars.
Nos. 1, 3, and 4 move from left to right, and No. 2 remains stationary.
Fourth Motion.-Carriages to the back, comb bar and guide bars
Nos. 2 and 4 move from right to left, and Nos. 1 and 3 remain
stationary.
Fifth Motion. Carriages to the middle, comb bar and guide bar
No. 2 move from left to right, and Nos. 1, 3, and 4 remain stationary.
Sixth Motion. Carriages to the front, comb bar and guide bars
Nos. 1 and 3 move from right to left, and Nos. 2 and 4 remain
stationary.
Seventh Motion.-Carriages to the middle, comb bar and guide bars
Nos. 1 and 4 move from left to right, and Nos. 2 and 3 remain
stationary.
Eighth Motion.- Carriages to the back, guide bar No. 4 moves
from right to left, and comb bar and guide bars Nos. 1, 2, and 3 remain
stationary.
Ninth Motion. Carriages to the middle, comb bar and all the guide
bars remain stationary.
Tenth Motion. Carriages to the front, comb bar and all the guide
bars remain stationary.
Eleventh Motion.-Carriages to the middle, guide bar No. 1 moves
from right to left, comb bar and guide bars Nos. 2, 3, and 4 remain
stationary.

page_text: Twelfth Motion.-Carriages to the back, comb bar, and guide bar
No. 2 move from right to left, and guide bars Nos. 1, 3, and 4 remain
stationary.
In the production of fabric such as that shown at Figure 2 the
"comb bar" is operated by a wheel such as that shown at Figure 8, and
the " guide bars"
are operated by wheels, such as those shown at
Figures 9, 10, 11, and 12. I have not, however, thought it necessary to
give a list of the motions required to produce this class of fabric, as with
the description already given and with the aid of the Drawings they
will be readily understood by a competent operative.
It will be seen by comparison of Figures 1 and 2 that in the fabric
represented by Figure 2 the warp threads 1, 2, 3, 4 are caused to cross
each other a greater number of times than the warp threads in
Figure 1.
By the aid of the foregoing description a competent mechanic will be
enabled to make the necessary modifications in the forms of the
"wheels" to produce my improved fabric in the class of machines
herein-before referred to, and I would here remark that other arrange-
ments of the motions of the "comb bar" and "guide bars "
employed to produce a similar description of fabric in which the warp
and weft or bobbin threads are interlaced with each other instead of
being twisted around each other as heretofore.
may
be
By the aforesaid means an improved description of fabric in imitation
or substitution of loom-made fabrics is produced in lace machinery at a
greater speed than by any means heretofore in use.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the mode
in which I carry the same into effect, I would have it understood that
what I claim is,—
First. The manufacture in lace machinery of an improved description
of fabric in imitation or substitution of loom-made fabric, in which
improved fabric two or more warp threads are employed to each weft or
bobbin thread, and the warp and weft threads are not united by the
warp threads being wrapped or twisted around the weft or bobbin
threads, as heretofore, but by the warp threads and weft or bobbin
threads being interlaced with each other, as in loom work, in manner
substantially as herein shown and described.

page_text: And, secondly. 1 claim the novel mode of working the "comb bar”
and the "guide bars" of lace machinery for the production of my.
improved description of fabric in manner substantially as herein shown
and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Martin, have hereunto set 5
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of March, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.