brakes
Year: 1899

page_text: I, FRANK STANDFIELD, of 22, Pelham Road, Gravesend, in the County of
Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Band brakes. have the disadvantage that there is difficulty in keeping the
band entirely out of contact with the brake drum when out of use so that more
or less friction results.
According to this invention both the drum and the band are normally at rest
but when the brake is to be applied the drum (or it might be the band) is
connected to the wheel or other revolving part and turns with it.
I provide a collar secured to, or forming part of the hub, on the periphery of
which are one or more slots or recesses, and a wheel or drum is mounted on
the axle in such a manner that it can revolve freely. There is a pin sliding
in a slot in the drum, and a band brake encircling its periphery and attached
to the frame of the vehicle.
I arrange the pin in such a manner that it can at the will of the rider or
driver, be forced into, or withdrawn from, one of the slots in the collar: upon
being so forced into a slot, the drum will at once commence to revolve with the
hub; the band brake may then be applied to the periphery of the wheel and
the vehicle thereby gradually brought to rest.
On the withdrawal of the pin, the drum will instantly cease to revolve, as
it is then entirely disconnected from the wheel of the vehicle.
Until the pin engages with the collar on the hub, the whole of the brake gear
is entirely at rest, and cannot, under any circumstances, set up friction with
any moving part of the cycle or vehicle.
In some cases I prefer to arrange the slots in the side of the collar; the
pin is then forced into the slot in a horizontal, instead of in a radial direction.
The sliding pin may be forced into the slots in the collar by means of a
spring, a trigger, a wedge, by means of compressed air or levers or by other
convenient means, and may be withdrawn by similar means.
In some cases I arrange to force the pin into the collar in such a manner
that it is held in position by the brake band.
The brake band may, at the commencement of the operation of applying the
brake, be free from the drum, or it may be previously arranged to bear with
more or less force on the drum. Further pressure may then be applied by the
driver or rider of the vehicle. The band may be replaced by other friction devices
5 but not as a rule advantageously.
A pawl clutch or catch may be used to secure the connection between the drum
and the revolving part in place of the sliding pin.
1
eT 1000

page_text: improvements in Brakes for Cycles and other Vehicles.
I, FRANK STANDFIELD, of 22, Pelham Road, Gravesend, in the County of
Kent, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
Band brakes have the disadvantage that there is difficulty in keeping the
band entirely out of contact with the brake drum when out of use so that more
or less friction results.
According to this invention both the drum and the band are normally at rest
but when the brake is to be applied the drum is connected to the wheel or other
revolving part and turns with it.
Figure 1 shows a sectional elevation and Figure 2 a side elevation of the
apparatus applied to the rear wheel of a cycle. A is a collar attached to the hub
and revolving with it, the circumference of this collar is provided with a slot
in which is one or more stops. B is a bearing attached to the frame of the
cycle, and upon which the brake drum C can freely revolve. D is a pin mounted
in the periphery of the drum C and retained in its normal position by the
spring E; is a flexible band enclosing the periphery of the drum C, one end
of the band is attached to the frame of the cycle by the pin G, which also
secures movable lever H; the other end of the brake band F is connected by a
cranked lever J to the brake rod K; the crank J is connected to the brake band F
by a pin L.
Upon pulling the brake rod K, the cranked lever J immediately depresses the
lever H and the pin D; the lower end of the pin Denters, the slot in the
collar A, engages with one of the stops and the drum C instantly commences
to revolve; pressure is then applied to the brake band F and the cycle comes
to rest.
Upon releasing the pressure on the brake rod K, the crank J and lever H
return to their normal position, and immediately the pin D, in the course of
its revolution, arrives opposite the space thus formed the spring E will cause its
withdrawal from the slot in the collar A, when the revolutions of the drum C
will instantly cease.
The pin L may be connected to the framework of the cycle in such a way
that the band always bears upon the brake drum with a certain amount of force,
and means may be provided for varying this pressure.
Further force. applied to the brake rod K after the pin has engaged with the
stop in the revolving collar, tends to augment the pressure of the band upon
the drum.
Figure 3 shows an elevation of a collar A provided with two stops.
Figure 4 shows a modification of the arrangement in which the lever H is
rigidly secured to the end of the brake band F and does not rise or fall.
In some cases instead of the collar A I prefer to use one or more stops formed
on, or attached to, the hub of the cycle as shown at S, Figures 5.
Figure 6 shows an arrangement in which G G G are fixed pins, attached to
the frame of the cycle. H is. a lever bearing on the end of the pin D, J is a
cranked lever one end of which is attached to the free end of the brake band.
N is a link one end of which is attached to the brake rod K by a pin P, which
pin may also carry one or more rollers Q.
Upon pulling the brake rod K the roller first depresses the lever H and the
pin D, thus securing the connection between the revolving collar or stop and the
brake-gear, and then wedges itself between the lever H and the projecting end of
the cranked lever J, so causing the brake band to tightly grip the drum C.

page_text: Figure 7 shows a sectional elevation, Figure 8 a side elevation and Figure
part sectional plan of the apparatus designed to operate with a horizontal
in D; A is the collar attached to or forming part of the hub of the vehicle; C is
the brake drum, E is a spring for operating the pin D. F is the flexible brake
band attached to the frame of the vehicle by the pin G, J is a cranked lever the
free end of which is wedge shaped as shown in Figure 9, R is a pin attached
to the lever J in such a position that it can engage with a hook formed on the
moveable end of the brake band F. L is a pin connecting the lever J to the frame
of the cycle.
Upon pulling on the brake rod K the lever J assumes the position shown by
the dotted lines (Figure 8) the spring E forces the pin D into one of the slots
in the collar A and the rotary motion of the wheel is at once communicated to
the drum C. Further pressure applied by the brake rod K causes the pin R
to engage with the moveable end of the brake band F thus tending to arrest the
motion of the drum C, and of the vehicle.
Upon releasing the rod the lever J returns to its original position, and during
the next revolution of the drum, the wedge shaped end of the lever J'engages
with the end of the pin D and pulls it out of the slot in the collar A, when the
drum C at once ceases to revolve.
Figure 10 shows an elevation of the collar A showing the slots and stops any
convenient number of which may be employed, or a single lug may be used as
before described.
Figure 11 shows a sectional elevation and Figure 12 a side elevation of an
arrangement where the pin D is fixed to or forms part of the drum C, which can
One end of the lever J
revolve on a bearing B forming a part of the lever J.
is attached to the frame of the vehicle by a pin G, the other end is connected
to the brake rod. F is the flexible brake-band one end of which is secured to the
frame of the vehicle by the pin L, the other end is fastened to the lever J by a
pin R. K is the brake rod and S is the lug on the hub of the vehicle.
Upon pulling upwards on the brake rod K the whole brake apparatus is raised
to a position concentric with the hub of the vehicle and the pin D enters the
path traversed by the lug S, and engages with it; the drum C commences to
revolve and at the same time pressure is being applied to the brake band F by
the movement of the pin R. Upon releasing the rod K the whole apparatus
5 returns to its original position which is eccentric to the hub of the vehible and as
the pin 1) is no longer in contact with the lug S, the brake drum C ceases to
revolve.
0
It will be obvious that the band F may be replaced by any other form of
friction device.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is: -
1. The combination of a drum and a band (or other friction device) which are
normally at rest with means for temporarily connecting the drum to a revolving
15 part.
50
2. The combination of a collar or lug attached to the hub of a vehicle, a
brake drum free to revolve, a pin sliding in a slot in the drum, means for making
the pin engage with the collar or lug, and means for applying friction to the
drum.
3. Brakes for cycles and other vehicles substantially as described and illustrated
in the drawings.
1
1000