IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOXES OR BARRELS TO CONTAIN DRY GOODS AND IN MACHINES FOR MAKING SUCH BOXES OR BARRELS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Davis Terry, of Bayswater in the County of
Middlesex for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
BOXES OR BARRELS TO CONTAIN DRY GOODS AND IN MACHINES FOR MAKING
SUCH BOXES OR BARRELS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Davis Terry at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 3rd May 1883.
GEORGE DAVIS TERRY of Bayswater in the County of Middlesex, "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOXES OR BARRELS TO CONTAIN DRY GOODS, AND
IN MACHINES FOR MAKING SUCH BOXES OR BARRELS."
My Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of that description
of cylindrical barrels or boxes whereof the body portion is constructed of a
circumferential streak or sheet of wood bent to the cylindrical form and over-
lapped upon itself, such barrels being usually employed for packing dry goods.
The Invention also relates to the machine for making such barrels or boxes.
My improvement in the manufacture of the barrel or box relates first to the
joint for the overlapping ends of the streak or sheet and consists in cutting the
external overlapping portion in the form of long V tongues or strips encircling &
considerable portion of the circumference, whereby a stronger joint is made more
easily and with less liability to split the wood than when the joint is straight,
without increasing the weight or using more material
The improvements relate also to the manufacture of such barrels or boxes, of
streaks or sheets of less width than the intended length of the barrel, two (or more)
such streaks or sheets being juxtaposed and the circumferential joint (or joints)
covered by a hoop by which the two streaks or sheets are united.
The improvements relate also to the fillets or liners by which the heads are
upported and consist in supporting the same internally and strengthening the
barrel or box internally by longitudinal stays or ribs about three in number placed
D..

page_text: at intervals around the internal circumference with their ends abutting against the
fillets or liners which support the heads.
The machine for making such barrels or boxes consists essentially of a cylindrical
mandrel around which the streaks or sheets are lapped in combination with a
presser roller for bending them around said mandrel. The mandrel is constructed
with a movable segment or portion of its circumference hinged near one side to the
main portion of the mandrel and adapted to move inwards towards the axis at the
opposite sides for the purpose of enabling the finished body to be drawn endwise off
the mandrel. This movable segment is expanded or thrown outwards by a cam by
which it is rigidly fixed in its normal position. The circumference of the mandrel
is provided with longitudinal grooves at the proper intervals in which the ribs or
stays above mentioned are laid before the streaks or sheets are lapped round it.
The mandrel is cased with sheet iron and the joints of the sheeting and the
hoops and ribs are secured by nails driven and clenched against the metallic
surface of the mandrel. This mandrel is fast on a shaft supported at one end
by the free end of a bar pivoted at its other end and supported at its free end
from beneath by jointed rods in the form of a knee joint or toggle to admit of
-the bar being dropped down away from the shaft and mandrel in order to allow
of the finished body being drawn off. The presser roller is mounted between the
free ends of a pair of arms or levers pivoted at their other ends so that it may
be readily thrown up away from the mandrel and the necessary pressure is main-
tained when the roller is in use by locking it in position when pressed down on
the mandrel, by means of locking racks with which catches attached to the free
ends of the levers engage or other similar means

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Davis Terry in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
3rd November 1883.
GEORGE DAVIS TERRY of Bayswater in the County of Middlesex "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOXES OR BARRELS TO CONTAIN DRY GOODS,
AND IN MACHINES FOR MAKING SUCH BOXES OR BARRELS
"
My Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of that description
of cylindrical barrels or boxes whereof the body portion is constructed of a
circumferential strake or sheet of wood bent to the cylindrical form and overlapped
upon itself (or of two or more such strakes or sheets placed side by side) Buch
barrels being usually employed for packing dry goods. The invention also relates
to the machine for making such barrels or boxes.
In order that my Invention may be more readily understood, I have illustrated
it in the accompanying drawings and will proceed to describe it with reference
thereto. Figure 1 is a cross section (on line 1-1 Figure 2), and Figure 2 is a half
sectional elevation of my improved barrel or box.
These figures shew the barrel body (made of two strakes or strips placed side
by side) Figure 3 being the development of one of the strakes. Figure 4 is an
end elevation, Figure 5 is a front elevation, and Figure 6 is a plan of the improved
machine for making the same. Figure 7 shows an end view of the forming
mandrel separately, with the strake or sheet lapped around it.
Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, my improvement in the manufacture of the
barrel or box relates first to the joint for the overlapping part of the circumferential
strake or sheet A and consists in cutting the external overlapping portion in the
form of long V tongues or strips a encircling a considerable portion of the
circumference, whereby a stronger joint is made more easily and with less liability
to split the wood than when the joint is straight, without increasing the weight or
using more material. It will be seen that the edge a¹, which is overlapped by the
tongued ends a, is straight but the nails by which the overlapping parts are united
follow the inclined edges of the V tongues a and are not liable to split the wood as
when placed in a line running longitudinally of the barrel, whilst owing to the
extent to which the tongues overlap, a very strong joint is made and the extreme
edges are not liable to curl up. The ends of the tongues a are secured by U shaped
staples a³.
The improvements also relate to the manufacture of such barrels or boxes, of
strakes or sheets of less width than the intended length of the barrel. Figure 2
shows the body of the barrel made of two such strakes or sheets A A juxtaposed,
the circumferential joint being covered by the middle hoop B' which is nailed to the
two sheets or strakes and unites them together; more than two such juxtaposed
circumferential strakes or sheets may be used in the same way, each joint being
covered by a hoop. B B are the end hoops. CC are the heads of the barrel, and
c are the fillets or liners by which the heads are supported. D are longitudinal
stays or ribs about 3 in number placed at equal intervals around the internal
circumference with their ends abutting against the fillets or liners c for the purpose
of supporting the same and of strengthening the barrel or box-especially when
made of two strakes or sheets as in the example shown.
The machine for making such barrels or boxes is represented in Figures 4 to 7
and consists essentially of a cylindrical mandrel E around which the strakes or
sheets are lapped, in combination with a presser roller F for bending them around
Baid mandrel.
The mandrel is constructed with a movable segment or portion El of its

page_text: circumference hinged at e to the main portion of the mandrel and adapted
to move inwards at the edge e¹ for the purpose of enabling the finished body of
the barrel to be drawn endwise off the mandrel. This movable segment E¹ is
thrown outwards by a cam F¹ and held firmly with its edge el pressed towards a
lipe on the part E, the two edges e¹ e forming jaws between which the straight
end a¹ of the strake or sheet is nipped as shown in figure 7 for the purpose of
being lapped around the mandrel. The circumference of the mandrel is provided
with longitudinal grooves G at the proper intervals, in which the ribs or stays D
.above mentioned are laid before the strakes or sheets are lapped round the
mandrel. The mandrel is made of cast iron or of wood cased with sheet iron and
the joints of the sheeting A and the hoops B and ribs D are secured by nails
driven in whilst the barrel is on the mandrel, the points of the nails being
clenched by coming against the metallic surface of the mandrel. This mandrel is
"fast on the overhanging end of a shaft H supported in bearings i carried by
franes I, the overhanging extremity of the shaft being supported in a bearing on
a removable support. This consists of a bar K pivotted at k to the framing and sup-
ported at its free end from beneath by jointed rods L in the form of a knee joint or
toggle to admit of the bar K being dropped down away from the shaft and mandrel
in order to allow of the finished body being drawn off. The presser roller F is
mounted between the free ends of a pair of arms or levers M pivotted at their
other ends on a shaft m mounted on the framing and counterweighted so
that said roller may be readily thrown up away from the mandrel.
'necessary pressure is applied when the roller is in use by means of a
counterweighted treadle N fixed to a shaft O having a crank o connected by a
rod P with a crank arm q on a weigh shaft Q furnished with other crank arms r,
to which are connected a pair of rods R having hooks at their upper ends adapted
to engage with the presser roller F when it is brought down to the working
position, and to be readily disengaged therefrom when it is desired to throw it up.
roller.
The
is a radius link pivotted to the framing and to one of rods R to keep said rods
(which are braced together) upright when disconnected from the presser
The mandril shaft is preferably driven by conical friction gear S from a driving
shaft T capable of receiving sufficient longitudinal motion to throw the conical
friction gear in or out of contact.
Having described the nature of the said Invention and the manner of performing
the same I declare that what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the
herein before in part recited Letters Patent is :-
1st In the manufacture of the cylindrical boxes or barrels of the kind herein
described, the making the joint in the body portion by cutting the overlapping
part in the form of long V tongues, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
2nd The manufacture of cylindrical boxes or barrels of the kind herein specified,
of 'two or more juxtaposed strakes or strips united by a hoop covering the joint
between them, substantially as shown and described.
3rd In the manufacture of cylindrical boxes or barrels of the kind herein
described, the combination with the body portion whether made of one, two, or
more strakes or strips and with the fillets or liners supporting the heads, of internal
longitudinal stays or ribs, substantially as shown and described.
4th In a machine for making cylindrical boxes or barrels of the kind herein
specified, the employment of a mandrel fixed on the overhanging end of a shaft
mounted in stationary bearings and supported at such overhanging end by a
removable bearing, substantially as shown and described for the purpose specified.
5th In a machine for making cylindrical boxes or barrels of the kind herein
specified, the employment of a mandrel constructed with a pivotted segment, a cam
for throwing said segment out, and gripping jaws formed by the mandrel and
segment, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
6th In a machine for making cylindrical barrels or boxes of the kind herein
specified, the construction of mandrel with pivotted segment, cam, gripping jaws,

page_text: and longitudinal grooves for receiving stays to be fixed within the barrel,
substantially as shown and described.
7th In a machine for making cylindrical barrels or boxes of the kind herein
specified, the combination with a mandrel mounted and supported as herein
specified, of a presser roller mounted in a pivotted frame, and mechanism for
applying said presser roller forcibly against the mandrel at required times,
substantially as shown and described.
In witness whereof I the said George Davis Terry have hereunto set my hand
and seal this fourth day of October in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
GEORGE DAVIS TERRY
(18)