Improvements in Apparatus for Heating and Steaming Husks, Bran and other similar Produce.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1887
Complete Left, 21st Apr., 1888
Complete Accepted, 1st June, 1888
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating and Steaming Husks, Bran
and other similar Produce.
We, AUGUST CHRISTIAN NAGEL REINHOLD HERMANN KAEMP and ADOLF
LINNENBRÜGGE all of Hamburg in the Empire of Germany, Manufacturers do
hereby declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relating to apparatus for steaming and heating husks, bran and other
like produce consists in the improved construction and arrangement hereinafter described
whereby the action of the heat and steam is enabled to be applied and regulated in
such a manner as to obtain the most favourable conditions for preparing the said
produce for being pressed into cakes.
The apparatus is provided at its upper part with any suitable feeding mechanism
such as a creeper or helix, revolving arms or rollers or the like which deliver the
produce in a regular stream to the heating and steaming chamber-This chamber is in
the form of a vertical cylindrical vessel with hollow sides. In the upper part there is
provided any suitable number of horizontal partitions composed of gauze open work
inaterial perforated plates or the like. A central vertical shaft having a suitable rotary
motion carries at or near its upper end a series of radial arms of curved or suitable
form which sweep over the upper surface of each of the said partitions. In the lower
part of the chamber there is provided a series of inwardly projecting inclined plates
or projections forming segments of a screw or helix and in this part of the chamber
the vertical rotating shaft is provided with radial arms or blades inclined in the opposite
direction to said plates or projections between which they pass during the rotary
motion of the shaft. The number of such radial arms and projections is regulated
according to the nature of the materials and in certain cases they may even be
dispensed with altogether.
A steam trap or equivalent apparatus is provided for separating the steam from
water of condensation before admitting the steam to the hollow sides of the chamber
through a suitable pressure reducing valve and suitable inlet and outlet valves are
employed so that the steam enters the apparatus in regulated quantity at a uniform
pressure and temperature and in a dry condition.

page_text: The steam in the said hollow sides is or may be admitted to the space or spaces
underneath the horizontal perforated partitions by orifices provided with valves con-
trolled with precision from the exterior.
The apparatus being supplied with the husk or other produce the action of the
radial arms in the upper part of the chamber causes the produce to fall in showers
through the perforations in the horizontal partitions so that it is exposed in the act of
falling to the direct action of the steam being at the same time heated indirectly by
the steam in the hollow sides after which it is thoroughly mixed and further heated in
its passage through the lower part of the chamber and is delivered in the best possible
condition for being treated in the presses, the gluey or gummy matter being sufficiently
softened or dissolved without causing the produce to take up more moisture than just
the quantity necessary to enable it to be formed into cakes of the required solidity and
firmness. The steam may be prevented from coming into direct contact with the
produce if required by simply closing the valves of the orifices connecting the interior
of the chamber with the steam space in the hollow sides.

page_text: and other similar Produce.
We, AUGUST CHRISTIAN NAGEL, REINHOLD HERMANN KAEMP and ADOLF
LINNENBRÜGGE, Machine-manufacturers, residing at Hamburg, German Empire, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to apparatus for steaming and heating husks, bran and other
similar produce containing glutinous matter, and it consists in the improved construction
and arrangement hereinafter described, whereby the heat and steam are enabled to be
applied and regulated in such a manner as to obtain the most favourable conditions for
preparing the said produce for being pressed into cakes.
On the annexed sheet of drawings our improved apparatus is represented by Fig. 1
in vertical section. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line a b. Fig. 3 is a top view of
a part in detail, and Fig. 4 a horizontal section on line c d.
The apparatus is provided at its upper part with any suitable feeding mechanism
such as a creeper or helix 1, Fig. 1, revolving arms, or rollers, or the like, which deliver
the produce in a regular stream to the heating and steaming chamber. This chamber
is in the form of a vertical cylinder 3 with steam-jacket 2. In the upper part of the
said cylinder there is provided a number of horizontal partitions 4, composed of gauze,
open work material, perforated plates or the like. A central vertical shaft 5 having a
suitable rotary motion, carries at or near its upper end a series of arms or stirrers 6,
of curved or other suitable form, which sweep over the upper surface of each of the
partitions 4. In the lower part of the cylinder there is provided a series of inwardly
projecting inclined blades or projections 7, forming segments of a screw or helix, and
in this part of the cylinder the vertical rotating shaft is provided with radial arms or
blades 8, inclined in the opposite direction to the blades or projections 7 between
which they pass during the rotary motion of the shaft. The number of the blades 7
and 8 is regulated according to the nature of the materials, and in certain cases they
may even be dispensed with altogether.
Steam is admitted to the jacket 2 by a pipe provided with the admission valve 11,
and by preference, in addition thereto, with a water-trap 10 for collecting water of
condensation, and with a pressure reducing valve 9. 12 is a valve for drawing off the
water condensing within the jacket.
From the steam jacket the steam is or may be admitted to the space or spaces under-
neath the horizontal perforated partitions 4 by orifices provided with valves 13, arranged
to be controlled from the exterior.
The apparatus being supplied with the husk or other produce, the action of the arms
or stirrers 6 causes the produce to fall in showers through the perforations in the
horizontal partitions 4, so that it is exposed in the act of falling to the direct action

page_text: of the steam and is at the same time heated indirectly by the steam in the steam-
jacket, after which it is thoroughly mixed and further heated in its passage through
the lower part of the chamber and is delivered with the glutinous or gummy matter
sufficiently softened or dissolved as to enable the produce to be formed into cakes of
the required solidity and firmness, while an absorption of an excess of moisture by
the produce is avoided. The steam may be prevented from coming into direct contact
with the produce, if required, by closing the valves 13 of the orifices connecting the
interior of the chamber with the steam-jacket.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is:
1. The combination, with the cylinder 3 provided with a feeding contrivance, of a
steam-jacket 2, one or more horizontal perforated partitions 4, and one or more stirrers 6,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
2. The combination with the cylinder 3 and steam-jacket 2, of a valve or valves 13
for establishing communication between the jacket and the cylinder, and one or
more perforated partitions 4 and stirrers 6, substantially as and for the purpose
described.
3. The combination, with the cylinder 3, steam-jacket 2, valve or valves 13 and
one or more perforated partitions 4 and stirrers 6, of the fixed inclined blades 7
and the rotating inclined blades 8, substantially as set forth and for the purpose
described.