Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd May, 1887.
Complete Left, 8th June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 16th Aug.. 1887.
I FRANCIS OBRÉ FERGUSON of Gothic Cottage Goldhawk Road in Hammersmith in
the County of Middlesex Architect and Surveyor assisting in the Estate office of the
North Western Railway Company at Euston London do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to provide a suitable and economical substitute for
iron or lead pipes where necessarily exposed on the faces of walls of buildings and to
answer the same purposes, namely, to conduct rain water from the roofs of buildings
and soil from water closets and sinks and such like to the sewers.
I am aware that pipes of the materials mentioned are now made; but they are not
formed nor constructed nor intended to answer the purposes I have specified and as I
have illustrated on the attached drawings ABCDMNP are plans shewing various
applications of my invention G is a section of A. E and H are elevations of B F is
a section of C. K is similar to E but 9" cube.
I purpose performing and carrying my invention.into effect in the following manner.
To form the bricks with a hollow tube or a perforation to answer the same purpose as
an iron or a lead pipe and made out of the solid clay or terra cotta or cement in various
sizes the surfaces to be glazed on one or both faces Each perforation to be fitted so as
to form a continuous pipe in any required direction and jointed in cement Or in the
following manner To form bricks separately from the tubes or pipes and having an
incision formed in one face To form the tubes or pipes separately and having a
lip or flange formed on the whole length of same somewhat less in thickness than

page_text: the width of the incisions in the bricks into which the said flanges are to be fitted
and cemented. Or these pipes may be fitted into the joints of new brickwork by
means of the flanges only as the wall is being constructed I anticipate the following
special advantages from my invention in comparison with iron or lead pipes for the
purposes named. Far less first cost, and no painting ever required. Less subject
to changes of temperature and in my opinion far better in an artistic and a sanitary
view 1st I claim the invention of suitable clay or terra cotta or cement bricks formed
with a hollow pipe out of the solid and constructed in the manner set forth
2nd Suitable clay or terra cotta or cement pipes made with a flange and whole
length of same and fitted into an incision formed in bricks of the same materials
and constructed in the manner set forth and herein specified and for the purpose
mentioned.

page_text: Clay, Terra Cotta, or Cement Blocks having a Hollow Tube Formed
in same and Constructed to Form a Continuous Pipe on the
Faces of Buildings.
I FRANCIS OBRÉ FERGUSON Architect of Gothic Cottage, Goldhawk Road Hammer-
smith in the County of Middlesex assisting in the Estate department of the London
and North Western Railway Company at Euston London N.W. do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of my invention is to provide a suitable and economical substitute for
iron or lead pipes where possible I prefer to carry out my invention in the following
manner.
To form the blocks and pipes with a hole square circular or other convenient forin
pierced through centre of same and large enough to answer the purpose of a rain water
or a soil pipe glazed or vitrified on the inside face only or on both interior and exterior
faces or the main hole may be painted with paint impervious to water or coated with
liquid coal asphalte or other suitable material. To form small holes in the same vertical
line as the main hole, and formed and pierced through in the same manner.
These small holes are intended in the event of defective setting to keep the main
pipe exposed to a circulation of air and to carry off any water that is likely to force
the sealed joint and find its way into the grooves. To form flanges Y on the face of
each block and the whole length of same which make a rabbate for the brickwork To
form a groove in the top end of each block or pipe and a deeper groove in the bottom
end square or circular on plan as the case may be To form a square or circular ring
to fit into these grooves which in combination with cement or asphalte I call a sealed
joint. The blocks or pipes to be set upon each other so as to form a continuous vertical
pipe and set and jointed in cement or other suitable material. The bar fitting into
the grooves will be somewhat less in depth than the depth of the lower groove in
blocks or pipes so that if at any time a block or pipe be broken it may be renewed by
cutting out the defective block or pipe and by preparing and clearing the grooves and
putting in a new circular or square seal as the case may be and pushing the new block
or pipe into proper position the said ring will find its true position and drop down into
the top groove, the joint is then to be filled in with liquid asphalte or cement through
the holes C which open into the top of grooves, by this method what is called a sealed
water bar is obtained This arrangement for sealing the joints will be only made in
renewing all defective pipes and blocks. The examination blocks to have an opening
into main hole or pipe sealed with a cover H and N as the case may be the latter plan
reducing the size of the blocks The examination blocks will be set at any convenient
distance apart, one near the bottom of the building being generally sufficient The
flange on the pipes figures 7 and 9 will be made on the whole length of each pipe and
fitted into a specially designed brick R as the wall is being built. The object of this

page_text: flange being to fix the pipe to the wall and to bear none of the weight of same. Some
of the blocks like figure will take a part of the weight of wall and form part of and
bond with same. In order to unstop a pipe, it will be necessary to take off the cover
on face of examination block and run the rods in the usual manner, recover and seal
after. I do not confine myself to any special size in either the blocks or pipes nor to
any special form for the main hole but I prefer a circular form on plan. I also prefer
to make the blocks and pipes about 12 inches in length Neither do I confine myself
to any special number of small perforations, nor to forming any other perforation other
than the main hole or pipe In further reference to the drawings, Figure 1 is a section
of figure 3. Figure 2 is a section of figure 4 line A. B. Figure 5 is a section of
figure 7. Figures 3. 7.9 and 11 are plans. Figures 4 and 6 are plans of examination
blocks, and Figures 8 and 10 are elevations of the blocks or pipes. P is the main
pipe S and M the small perforations. The dotted lines F shew the position of the
grooves and W the seal fitting into same. C the small holes to allow the cement being
poured into the grooves L is the horizontal rabbate in blocks to allow of bonding
with the brickwork. H and N are the moveable covers to examination blocks. R and ✗
are specially designed bricks. The words top and bottom are similar in meaning as to
top and bottom of the sheet of drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I clain is in
terra cotta, clay or cement pipes, or blocks having a pipe formed in same,
1st. The main hollow vertical glazed hole or pipe in combination with small vertical
perforations formed out of the solid material.
2nd. The flanges Y on each side of block and whole length of same.
3rd. The flanges formed on pipes figures 5. 7 and 9.
4th. The examination blocks and bricks R and X.
5th. A vertical rabbate at the angles made out of the face and whole length of each
block or pipe.
6th. The grooves formed in both ends of both blocks and pipes in combination with
a bar or sealed tongue and access to joint same from the exterior face through small
holes C and jointed in the manner described and set forth.
7th. Any combination of any of the above.