Improvements in and connected with Burners for Incandescent Gas_ and Vapour Lighting.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Burners for Incandescent Gas_
and Vapour Lighting.
I, JOSEPH BLASCO DE LÉRY, of 58, Pine Street, New York, in the County and
State of New York, in the United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to lighting by incandescence from gas and vapour and
it consists of an improved burner whereby great efficiency is attained and the
replacing of injured portions of the incandescing body may be accomplished
without the necessity of renewing the entire incandescing element. The invention
also includes certain details of construction relating to the means for supporting
the incandescent material all of which will be fully described hereinafter with
reference to the accompanying drawing in which
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the complete burner.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation with parts broken away, and
Fig. 3 shows modified forms of thimbles used in supporting the incandescing
material.
In the Specification of British Patent No. 9940 of 1897, is described a burner
in which the incandescing material is in the form of a continuous tufted ring made
up of layers of incandescing material bunched and pressed together at their upper
edges leaving the lower edges free and more or less separated to permit the heat
of the flame to enter. The gas outlets are in a drum of smaller diameter than the
ring of incandescent material and the flames projecting from the sides thereof
impinged against the lower edges of the ring. I have learned that while all
the benefits of the mutual support of the layers of the incandescent material are
obtained by this construction, there still remains an obstacle to the highest state
of incandescence which is the fact that the tufts are so crowded together that there
is not sufficient freedom for the circulation of air round about those portions of
the burner which furnish the incandescence. By retaining this ring like shape,
and separating the tufts or bunches so as to provide a free air space between the
adjacent tufts, I obtain a much higher grade of incandescence.
In the Specification of British Patent No. 2365 of 1898 I have described a par-
ticular form of tuft and stated that such tuft might be used singly or with others
bunched together, but in this case the means_for_conveniently supporting and
replacing the single tuft was not set forth. In the present case I propose to
describe which I now believe to be the most practical and efficient form of burner
of this class that can be devised, and while the difference of construction over the
two cases above referred to are not great, yet those differences, such as they are,
afford distinctly advantageous results which lend to them considerable importance
from a patch table standpoint

page_text: The frame upon which the incandescent bodies are supported consists of a
central hub a from which radiate a series of arms or spokes b, on the outer ends
of which the tufts of incandescent material are hung. The gas or vapour flows
from openings in a drum arranged concentrically below the support for the tufts,
and is of a less diameter than the ring of tufts so that it will not cut off the rays
of light. The circumferential distance between the extremities of the arms bis
such as to afford an open space for the circulation of air round each tuft and
since the entire lower portions of the tufts are thereby brought to a high state of
incandescence, the spaces between the tufts, when the burner is in operation,
become obliterated and the burner has the appearance of a continuous ring of
light.
To facilitate the removal and adjustment of the tufts upon the support, each
tuft is saddled over a spool or thimble c¹ and bound around the same to form,
together, an individual structure. Then to adjust the tuft to the end of an arm b
it is simply slipped over the same and may be removed by as simple an operation.
To prevent the tufts from being shaken off of the support the end of the arm b
is provided with a recess or seat for the spool and a cross-head or detent 2.
When the spool is slipped over the end of the arm it drops down behind the detent
and will not come off unless it is lifted to clear the detent. Modified forms of the
spool are shown in Fig. 3 wherein the opening through the spool is oblong or
formed with two parallel sides adapted to fit over a flat arm 6 thus preventing
slight rotation of the spool on the arm and so keeping the tuft steady. Other
means of course, may be provided for supporting the tufts upon the arms, but
the means described on account of their simplicity and convenience.
The gas drum, from which the heat flames project is shown at d and the gas
outlets at d. This drum is of less diameter than the ring of tufts so as not to
obstruct the light therefrom. The row of gas outlets is in the right plane to
direct the flames into the open ends of the tufts.
This burner is admirably adapted for street lighting on account of its ability
to resist shocks and jars without breakage. It may however be used wherever
illumination is required and may always be used without a chimney. In case a
tuft is injured the burner obviously is not rendered useless for those remaining
will continue to furnish light. But an injured tuft may be replaced by a good
one without interfering with the others and this is an important advantage of
the invention for in the burners of the patents hereinbefore referred to, while
it is possible to separate an injured tuft from the others, it cannot be done with-
out the greatest care and sometimes can not be done at all, because, after burning
a while, mantles in contact with each other are likely to become welded together.
A plurality of tufts separately and independently supported upon
the
extremities of a plurality of radial arms in combination with gas outlets arranged
concentrically but inside of the ring of tufts possesses advantages over the other
forms of burner herein referred to.
It will be understood that the tufts of incandescent material herein referred
io, are preferably those of the character described in the patents referred to.
That is to say, they are made of the usual fragile layers or sheets folded or placed
together in such a way as to bring them into supporting contact with each other
at one edge while they are separated at the other edge to admit the heat of the
flame.
:
I am aware that pencils and other solid and substantial forms of incandescent
bodies have been separately supported directly above a gas flame but the object
was not to be able to remove them individually without injury to the others and
Eo far as I am aware no means has ever been provided for removing one of such
pencils or solid bodies from its support without interference with the others.

page_text: .
Improvements in and connected with Burners for Incandescent Gas
and Vapour Lighting.
I, JOSEPH BLASCO DE LÉRY, of 58, Pine Street, New York, in the County and
State of New York, in the United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to lighting by incandescence from gas and vapor and
it consists of an improved burner whereby great efficiency is attained and the
replacing of injured portions of the incandescing body may be accomplished
without the necessity of renewing the entire incandescing element. The invention
also includes certain details of construction relating to the means for supporting
the incandescent material all of which will be fully described hereinafter with
reference to the drawing left with my Provisional Specification in which Fig. 1
is a perspective view of the complete burner; Fig. 2 is a side elevation with parts
broken away, and Fig. 3 shows modified forms of thimbles used in supporting the
incandescing material.
In the Specification of British Patent No. 9940 of 1897 is described a burner
in which the incandescing material is in the form of a continuous tufted ring made
up of layers of incandescing material bunched and pressed together at their upper
edges leaving the lower edges free and more or less separated to permit the heat
of the flame to enter. The gas outlets are in a drum of smaller diameter than the
ring of incandescent material and the flames projecting from the sides thereof
impinged against the lower edges of the ring. I have learned that while all
the benefits of the mutual support of the layers of the incandescent material are
obtained by this construction, there still remains an obstacle to the highest state
of incandescence which is the fact that the tufts are so crowded together that there
is not sufficient freedom for the circulation of air round about these portions of
the burner which furnish the incandescence. By retaining this ring like shape
and separating the tufts or bunches so as to provide a free air space between
adjacent tufts, I obtain a much higher grade of incandescence.
In the Specification of British Application No. 2365 of 1898 I have described a par-
ticular form of tuft and stated that such tuft might be used singly or with others
bunched together, but in this case the means for conveniently supporting and
replacing the single tuft was not set forth. In the present case I propose to
describe what I now believe to be the most practical and efficient form of burner
of this class that can be devised, and while the difference of construction over the
two cases above referred to are not great, yet those differences, such as they are,
afford distinctly advantageous results which lend to them considerable importance
from a patentable standpoint.
The frame upon which the incandescent bodies are supported consists of a
central hub a from which radiate a series of arms or spokes 6 on the outer ends
of which the tufts of incandescent material are hung. The gas or vapour flows
from openings in a drum arranged concentrically below the support for the tufts,
and is of a less diameter than the ring of tufts so that it will not cut off the rays
of light. The circumferential distance between the extremities of the arms bis
such as to afford an open space for the circulation of the air around each tuft and
since the entire lower portion of the tufts are thereby brought to a high state of
incandescence, the spaces between the tufts, when the burner is in operation,
become obliterated and the burner has the appearance of a continuous ring of
light,

page_text: To facilitate the removal and adjustment of the tufts upon the support, each
tuft is saddled over a spool or thimble c¹ and bound around the same to form,
together an individual structure. Then to adjust the tuft to the end of an arm b
it is simply slipped over the same and may be removed by as simple an operation.
To prevent the tufts from being shaken off of the support the end of the arm b
is provided with a recess or seat for the spool and cross-head or detent 63.
When the spool is slipped over the end of the arm it drops down behind the detent,
and will not come off unless it is lifted to clear the detent. Modified forms of the
spool are shown in Fig. 3 wherein the opening through the spool is oblong or
formed with two parallel sides adapted to fit over a flat arm 6 thus preventing
the slight rotation of the spool on the arm and so keeping the tuft steady. Other
means of course, may be provided for supporting the tufts upon the arms, but
the means described are preferred on account of their simplicity and convenience.
The gas drum, from which the heat flames project is shown at d and the gas
outlets at d. This drum is of less diameter than the ring of tufts so as not to
obstruct the light therefrom. The row of gas outlets is in the right plane to
direct the flames into the open ends of the tufts.'
This burner is admirably adapted to street lighting on account of its ability
to resist shocks and jars without breakage. "It may however be used wherever
illumination is required and may be used witliout a chimney. In case a
tuft is injured the burner obviously is not rendered useless for those remaining
will continue to furnish light. But an injured tuft may be replaced by a good
one without interfering with the others, and this is an important advantage of
the invention, for in the burner of the application hereinbefore referred to, while
it is possible to separate an injured tuft from the others, it cannot be done with-
out the greatest care and sometimes cannot be done at all, because after 'burning
awhile, mantles in contact with each other are likely to become welded together
A plurality of tufts separately and independently supported upon the
extremities of a plurality of radial arms in combination with gas outlets arranged
concentrically but inside of the ring of tufts possesses advantages over the other
forms of burner herein referred to.
14
It will be understood that the tufts of incandescent material herein referred
to, are preferably those of the character described in the patents referred.to.
That is to say they are made of the usual fragile layers as sheets folded or placed
together in such a way as to bring them into supporting contact with each other
at one edge while they are separated at the other edge to admit the heat of the
flame.
I am aware that pencils and other solid and substantial forms of incandescent
bodies have been separately supported directly above a gas flame but the object
was not to be able to remove them individually without injury to the others and
so far as I am aware no means has ever been provided for removing one of such
pencils or solid bodies from its support without interference with the others.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this, inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination in incandescent gas burners of a standard provided with a
plurality of supports for incandescent elements and said supports arranged with
a substantial interval between them, a plurality of incandescing tassels each con-
sisting of a number of layers of fragile mineral fabric bunched at the top and free
at the bottom, and said tassels suspended from said supports with a substantial,
air space between them and a burier provided with a perforate head adjacent to
the free edges of said layers, whereby the flame enters within said layers and
into the space between said tassels, substantially as and for the purpose described.
2. The combination in incandescent gas burners of a standard provided with a
plurality of supports for incandescent elements arranged with a substantial interval
between said supports and each provided with a seat and detent, a plurality of

page_text: incandescing tassels each consisting of layers of fragile mineral fabric as described
and provided with a spool adapted to have a removable fit on said supports, from
which said tassels are suspended with a substantial air space between them, and
a burner provided with a multi perforate head adjacent to said tassels, whereby
the flame enters the folds of the tassels and also the air space between them, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose described.
3. In an incandescent gas burner and in combination with a substantial sup-
port, an incandescing tassel composed of a plurality of layers of fragile mineral
fabric and a thimble around which said layers are secured, and said thimble being
adapted to a removable fit on said support, substantially as described.
Dated this 18th day of March 1899.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant, 18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London.