Improvements in Baking Ovens.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Apr., 1898-Accepted, 11th June, 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Baking Ovens.
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I, DAVID GROVE, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, and resident of No. 24,
Friedrichstrasse, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to a baking oven provided with inner heating body for
heating the air in the oven and with two or more hearth-plates arranged one above
the other, preferably withdrawable and replaceable and between which are
arranged plates acting as intermediate heating-body which are capable of adjust-
ment. Such intermediate plates, on account of their radiating heat in conjunction
with an upper radiating sheet in the oven, cause the loaves or pastry on the hearth
plate to be sufficiently and uniformly heated above and below. The bottom hearth
plate situated next to the heating body is preferably provided with partitions
which act as heating ribs and thoroughly bake the sides of the loaves, whereas the
intermediate or upper plate is formed of a sheet provided with holes or slots so
that the radiating heat of the intermediate heating body acts upon the bottom part
of the loaves, on the upper or intermediate hearth plate, and at same time also
heats the upper part of the loaves on the hearth plate beneath same.
Referring to the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a cross section of an oven with two hearth-plates lying one above the
other;
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through same;
Fig. 3 is a front end elevation of a hearth, and
Fig. 4 is a plan of the partly broken hearth plate.
The baking oven comprises in a known manner a preferably elliptical casing or
shell a closed all round which is formed of an outer plain and an inner corrugated
sheet, between which a suitable material preventing the radiation of heat is pro-
vided. In the bottom part of the oven is arranged the heating body b, fed from
without with fuel and communicating with the chimney, such body heating the
air within the casing or shell a. Vertical supports cc which are secured within
the casing by means of rivets or in any other similar manner, are adapted for
carrying or supporting the hearth plates de. These hearth plates are firmly con-
nected with cross supports f whose lateral trunnions g provided with rollers run
in U-shaped guide rails h which may be adjusted at any desired height. For this
purpose, the supports c c¹ have holes, through which pass the securing bolts or pins
for the rails h.
The bottom hearth plate d is formed of two sheets with interposed packing or
insulating material, such as asbestos, fossil meal or the like. The lateral edges are
bent upwards and correspondingly bending the divided upper sheet, intermediate
longitudinal ribs or ledges d' are formed which serve as heating ribs for also
heating the ends of the loaves adjacent to the ribs. Such a bottom hearth plate
divided by partitions is of special advantage for baking ovens in which square
loaves are to be baked. In some cases, for instance, for baking round loaves the
intermediate ribs d¹ may be entirely dispensed with.

page_text: The upper hearth plate e is formed of a slotted or perforated sheet e¹ which is
secured at its edges to rails or angle iron 2 and has an intermediate layer e³ of
insulating material, for instance, asbestos. It is preferably divided in the centre
for eventually changing the width. of the hearth plate; and in this case of course
the frame composed of the members or parts e is also adjustable. The lateral
edges of this hearth plate are likewise bent upwards at e. The handles i serve
for drawing out the plate e; such handles are also provided on the bottom hearth
plate d. Between the upper and lower hearth plates e and d respectively is pro-
vided a plain or preferably corrugated sheet metal plate k which is supported by
cross ties whose longitudinal rails m, are secured by means of holes and bolts to
the supports cc thus likewise enabling the plate to be adjusted at any desired
height according as the upper surface of the loaves on the lower hearth plate or
the lower surface of the loaves on the upper perforated hearth plate are to be
subjected to the radiating heat of the intermediate plate which becomes heated
and consequently acts as a heating body. In the upper part of the oven is
arranged a plain or undulated radiating sheet n firmly secured to the casing or
shell a, such sheet n radiating its heat towards the upper part of the loaves on the
upper hearth plate. In view of this arrangement of the baking oven, the loaves
on several hearth plates arranged one above the other are thoroughly baked since
the hot air constantly circulates in the oven and is always reheated by the heating
body b after the heat has been imparted to the loaves or hearth plates and radiating
sheets and n.
Instead of the two, hearth plates which are arranged one above the other as
shown in the drawings, there may be employed, according to the height of the oven
especially for special pastry, three or more plates between which the adjustable
intermediate heating bodies are to be provided. The baking oven may be employed
for stationary or transportable purposes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1/ An improved baking oven in which intermediate heating bodies consisting
of plain or corrugated plates are provided between the hearth plates, such bodies
heating the upper part of the articles on the bottom hearth plate and the lower
part of the articles on the preferably perforated upper hearth plate substantially
as described and shown in the drawings.
2/ An improved baking oven in which the hearth plates and intermediate heating
bodies are adjustably secured to fixed supports substantially as described and shown
in the drawings.
3/ An improved baking oven in which the bottom hearth plate is divided by
ribs or ledges heating the ends of the articles adjacent to such ribs substantially
as described and shown in the drawings.
Doted 27th dose of Annil 1900
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
Associate Agent.