Improved Wire Nail and the Method of Manufacturing the same.
Year: 1886

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Wire Nail and the Method of Manufacturing the same.
I ARTHUR EDMUND GORSE of 71 New street West Bromwich Staffordshire
Machinist do hereby declare the nature of my invention for AN IMPROVED WIRE Nail
AND THE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME to be as follows:-
First I feed the wire into a machine which cuts off in a slanting direction pieces of
wire of sufficient length to make two nails. The machine then cuts the piece of wire
through the centre and forms a head upon each of the flat ends, and streightens or
moves over to the centre, the slanting or pointed ends which forms the points of the
nails, Or I feed sufficient wire into the machine to make only one nail, and form the
head upon one end, compressing or cutting off the point or slant; upon the end upon
which I form the Head, thus producing a nail with clear cut sharp point, without any
nibs or fraze.
Dated this 21st day of September 1886.
ARTHUR EDMUND GORSE.

page_text: I, ARTHUR EDMUND GORSE of 71 New Street West Bromwick in the County of
Stafford, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to nails, made principally from lengths of wire, although they
may be made, from lengths of rod metal, of any desired cross section; and when
made from wire, they are commonly called wire nails; and my said invention has
reference to the points, and in the pointing of the said nails as hereinafter described.
In the making of wire, or rod nails, by the ordinary process, a length of wire
or rod metal, is usually cut or severed transversely, into short lengths of about the
length of a nail or the like, to be made. These short lengths, or what may be termed
blanks, are then passed into a pointing and heading machine, and thereby subsequently
pointed and headed.
The pointing is usually conducted or carried out, by two or more dies coming
together, and with the blunt end of a blank to be pointed, squeezed between them.
The pressure exerted, on the coming together of the said dies, squeezes the metal
into a pyramidal, or other shaped point, which is certainly very defective as a lead,
for piercing.
According to my invention, the cuttings of a wire or rod length, which are to form
the points of a nail, are severed or cut slantingly, by a slicing cutter, instead of the
said cuttings or severings being made transversely, as is commonly done. The cuttings
for the head ends of the lengths, are made transversely, as is usual, although the said
head ends may be cut obliquely like the points, but in this case, the said ends are
made blunt, by the points being cut off.
To complete the point, the obliquely cut end is transposed by shaping tools and
pressure, from a side into a central position; that is, the extreme point is made to
become central, with the axis of the nail or nail blank as the case may be.
I will describe my new or improved nail, and the process of manufacture, in con-
junction with the tools which constitute part of my invention.
Figure 1 is a side elevation, and figure 2 is a front elevation, of a wire nail,
provided with a point, made according to my invention.
In carrying out the making of the said nail, and the formation of the point thereof,
I take any length of wire, such for example, as in figure 3, and by means of obliquely
slicing, and cross cutting tools, I sever or cut up the said lengths, (on the dotted
lines) both transversely and obliquely, into short lengths, as represented at figure 4;
thus making a series of blanks or wire lengths, from which nails are subsequently
made; and one of which said short lengths, is shown in side elevation, front elevation
and end view (point end) figures 5, 6 and 7.
Although the head ends of the said short lengths, are transversely cut, yet they
may be obliquely cut, like the point ends, and then the points subsequently removed,
so as to form a blunt end, proper for heading, as represented in figures 8 and 9, in
which figure 8 shows the length before being cut, while figure 9 shows the length cut
up as described.
The point of the length thus produced, is lop-sided, and in order to make it suitable
for the purpose, for which it is intended, it has to be transposed into a central

page_text: position; that is, in a line with the axis of the nail; this I do by tools as represented in
figures 10, 11, 12 and 13.
Figure 10 shows the dies open, figure 11 the dies closed, figure 12 the acting faces
of the lower dies, and figure 13 the acting face of one of the upper dies, which is
again represented in figure 14, in conjunction with one of the lower dies, and with the
point of the blank to be shaped, before them.
The acting faces a² of the upper dies, are of the exact inclination of the sides of a
nail blank, while the gripping faces 62 of the lower dies are made semi-circular, so as
to grip the stem of the nail, while the lop-sided point, is made central or brought over
from one side to an axial position, by the coming to of the upper dies. Thus, the
blank is fed between the dies as in figure 10, and the dies brought together as in
figure 11, thereby centralizing or axializing the point, as shown at the said figure 11,
and at figure 15.
Figure 16 shows in front and side elevation, a chisel pointed nail, made according
to my invention. Figure 17 is a perspective view of the blank, cut from rectangular
or square metal. Figure 18 is the same, with the point made central with the stem,
and figure 19 is a length of metal, from which the said blank is cut.
In making nails from square metal, such as wire or rod lengths, the points thereof
may be made pyramidal, by inclining off the metal on two sides, and then by means
of four converging dies, bringing the point into a central position.
I wish it to be observed that although round, square and flat wire or rod lengths
have been spoken of, yet elliptical or other shaped sectioned metal, may be employed
with like effect.
The points of the round nails as before referred to, are not uniform on the two
opposite sides, as the one is flat, and the other round. This may if necessary be
obviated, by squeezing the round side flat, by means of the tools employed in
shaping.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is :-
First In a spear pointed wire nail, of the kind herein described and illustrated in
figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings; that is to say, a tapering nail point,
flat upon one side, and semi-circular or convex upon the opposite side, (or flat upon
both sides) and with the edge of the said point, resembling in form, a thin wedge or
chisel point, substantially as described and set forth.
Secondly-Making pointed nails, by obliquely cutting up, or by obliquely and
transversely cutting up, wire or nail lengths, into short lengths, from which nails are
to be subsequently made, substantially as described and set forth.
Thirdly Making the points of nails, from the ends of nail lengths, obliquely cut,
and subsequently bent over, or displaced from a one, or lop-sided position, to that of
a central one, so as to bring the extreme tip of the point (of a round nail) in a line
with the axis of the stem, substantially as described and set forth.
Fourthly The tools employed in the bending over of the obliquely cut ends, of
nail blanks, and also in the tools for holding the stems of the same, while being bent
over or operated upon, substantially as described and set forth.
Dated this Tenth day of June 1887