Improvements in the Construction of Casement Window Frames and Sliding Sashes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 18th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 16th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 12th Nov., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Casement Window Frames and
Sliding Sashes.
THOMAS JONES of Penlangwyn Cwmbran in the County of Monmouthshire,
Architect and Surveyor do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The prime object is the construction of casement window frames of solid wood -
Scantlings to supersede the hollow box frames made to receive weighted sash lines,
and converted by me from its original purpose and adapted to my arrangements for
suspending and fastening window sashes as refer to in my Patent No. 6237.
A.D. 1890, And to add an aditional strengthening plate to closing in face plate 19
Fig. 3 discribed in Complete Specification of my Patent before refered to, And the
said casement frames are to be hanged with pivoted hinges to solid improved
exterior frames to open inwards, the interior space being filled in with suspended
and fastened sliding sashes, and a narrow depth window at the top is fastened to
the outside framing, and dividing transom is fixed between it and the top rail of the
below top sash part and by this means either system of ventilating rooms can be used,
by lowering and raising the sliding sashes or by opening the whole casement, and
the windows will be accessible for painting and cleaning without the use of long
ladders.
When the exterior frame is to be constructed to receive a single casement only, I.
describe to proceed in the following manner, The two side scantling pieces are to
have tenons formed at each end to let into mortices prepared in the end of the top and
bottom scantling pieces, and are secured with pius driven through at the corners, and
in the left hand side scantling inside face near the outside surface a plough groove
is wrought out to recive a match section piece fixed into a similar plough groove
is wrought out opposite in the back side scantling of the interior casement; And in .
the right hand side scantling near the outside surface a quarter semi circle
groove is wrought out to receive a match section rib formed on one edge of a
narrow scantling ledge piece, and this is hanged by hinges to the side piece of
exterior frame at the base of the quarter circle rib to open inwards, and the other
edge of said scantling is wrought out semi circle to match a counter-hollow wrought
out in the opposite side of a right angle recess formed in the outside corner of
scantling forming the side piece of interior casement, And the position of the said
ledge hinged scantling piece when the casement is to be closed is sufficiently open
on its hinges with its back side towards the inside face of exterior frame for the
angle recessed side where the wrought out semi circle groove is in to pass by for
the other side of the angle of the recess to engage its semi edge by closing and
turn it automatically on its hinges until its semi and quarter semi edges are in their
respective grooves between the frame sides, and the said ledge scantling by this
means have tightened the casments air tight in the side joints in its closed position,
And the contour radius of the quarter semi circle rib is from the centre of the
pivoting pin of the hinges it is banged by, and by, this arrangement the tendancy of
the casement to stick when closed is obviated, and the closing face side of side
scantling of the interior casement is beveled off to a radius from the pivoting pin of
the hinges it is hanged by to the exterior frame, this is, for it to open clear of the
inside edge of exterior frame.
And a right angle recess is made in the inside half surface of the top and
bottom scantling pieces leaving a step piece on the outside to form outside stops
and a semi circle hollow is wrought at the angle of the bottom recess and a slanting.

page_text: hole is made from it to the outside surface, And a narrow piece of scantling the
full length of the opening is fastened to the inside surface of the exterior frame
side piece on the space that is between the hanged ledge and the outside surface to
form a stop for the said ledge to bear against when.closed, And angle metal plates
is to be inlaid on the outside surface and fastened with wood screws to make the
frame rigid angle ways, And the interior frame proper is constructed in the
following manner, The top and bottom scantling pieces is to have tenons formed
at each end to let into mortices prepared in each end of the side scantling pieces,
and secured with pins driven through the corner joinings, And metal angle plates is
inlaid on the outside surface and fastened with wood screws, to make the frames rigid
angle ways, And a right angle recess is wrought out of outside half surface of the
top and bottom scantling pieces leaving a section piece on the inside to form inside
stops to match those formed on the top and bottom scantlings of exterior frame,
And a portion of the open space at the top end is divided from below space by a
transom formed of an in and outside scantling pieces, and tenons is formed at each
end of the inside transom piece to enter into mortices cut out of the solid in the
casement side scantlings to connect the sides as required, And this top space is to
be filled in with a separate window and fastened permanently to the casement
frames with the bottom rail overlaying one half of the depth of the transom to form
a groove to receive the top rail of the top sliding sash part, and the outside transom
piece is to be permanently fixed to the bottom rail of the top window piece, and
both ends to the side scantlings, And in the inside face near the outside surface of
the sides and top scantling pieces of the casement plough groves is wrought out to
receive a match section piece wrought out on one edge of the outside stop beads
which are to be permanently fixed to the said scantlings by being inserted in the
plough grooves, And in the left hand side scantling piece at about a central
distance from the top and bottom an aperture is cut out of the solid scantling in
the sashways to receive a sash balance, And in the opposite side piece room is
wrought out of the solid for the hinged sashway which is fixed on this side for
placeing in and taking out the sashes and sash balance for any required purpose.
And a neat moulding is wrought out on the corners of the sides and top piece
outside of the said stop beads, And the stop beads, moulding, and a narrow width
of the face of the casement is to appear in sight outside of the reveals about the
window space.
And the bottom space in the casement is to be filled in with two sliding sashes
top and bottom parts, And the top part is to have a second rail near the top rail,
And the space between is again subdivided horizontal by a sash bar, which is again
sudivided vertically with as many sash bars as will make two small rows of equal
square sides glass spaces, And the ajoining space to the meeting rail is to be filled
in with one pane of glass, And the bottom sash part is to be similarly divided for
the glass the two row of spaces to be formed under the centre meeting rail, and the
below space for only one pane, And in small size sashes I only form one row of
small size spaces for the glass panes, And in the corners of the left hand side
stiles of the top and bottom sash parts faceing the parting stop bead is two right
angle grooves wrought out to fasten therein cog racks to engage the cog of the
pinion wheels projecting from the sash balance for suspending the sashes.
And the top fixed window part is subdivided with one or two rows of spaces for
the glass panes at the top end, and two squares is formed below at equal distance
from the end rails and having a centre space between, and each square is to be
sub-divided into eight spaces for glass panes with sash bars fxed to run from the
four angles and the four sides to meet and unite in the centre of the said squares,
and each square is to have a double row of small panes on each side, And a
circular sash bar with glass space in the centre to receive the eight sash bars above
refer to is fixed in the centre of the squares, I apply both forms to casements
constructed on this principle."
And when double casements are constucted the scantlings of the exterior and
interior casement frames are to be wrought out and joined together after the same

page_text: manner as those discribed for single casements but the narrow hinged ledge
discribed for tightening the side joints air tight is dispenced with, and the two
central folding sides scantling pieces are prepared with a tight joint by one of the
folding surfaces of the side scantling having a semi circle rib formed on near to the
inside surface, and in the other is wrought out a counter hollow to match it.
And the two folding surfaces are bevelled off to a radius from the centre pivoting
pin of the hinges fixed at the other side side scantlings and hanged to open inward
from the exterior frame, And the outward open joint between the folding surfaces
is closed over on the outside by an overlaying ledge scantling piece hanged with
hinges to one of the sides, And two metal plates having at one end a short piece
bent to a right angle and pearsed with apertures for wood screws the same are
centrally fixed to the top and bottom scantlings of the exterior frame for auto-
matically closing the said hinged ledge scantling piece when the casements is being
closed, And apertures is made in the solid sashways on each side right and left
side to fix in the sash balances for suspending and fastening the top and bottom
slideing sashes, And a covered over barrel bolt with a central handle mechanically
connected is fixed to the inside surface of one of the side scantlings for simul-
taneous fastening and unfastening the same when the casements are to be opened
and closed, And the single casement is fastened with an ordinary fastener.
Dated 17th day of May 1892.
.
THOMAS JONES.
Improvements in the Construction of Casement Window Frames and
Sliding Sashes.
THOMAS JONES of Penlangwyn Cwmbran in the County of Monmouthshire
Architect and Surveyor do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
The prime object is an improved construction of casement window frames of
solid wood scantlings to supersede the hollow box frames made to receive weighted
sash lines, and converted by me from its original purpose and adapted to my
arrangements for suspending and fastening window sashes as refer to in my
Patent No. 6237 A.D. 1890, And to add an additional strengthening plate to closing
in face plate 19 Fig. 3 discribed in Complete Specification of my Patent before
refered to, That I am the true and first inventor thereof and the same is not in
use by any other person or persons to the best of my knowledge and belief, and-I
humbly pray that a Patent may be granted to me for the said invention.
Reference is to be had to the drawings in which similar figures indicate corre-
sponding parts in all the vews.
Fig. 1 is a inside elevation of exterior, and interior single combined casement
and sliding sash frame proper, and the space within the same is filled in with two
sliding suspended and fastened sash parts top and bottom in their closed position,
And the face plate of the balance apparatus is fixed at a central position on the
left hand side scantling piece of the said casement frame proper, and this side is
hanged by hinges to the side piece of exterior frame, and at a central distance on
the other side piece is fixed the casement fasteuer, and the plate with the catch on
is fixed to the side piece of exterior frame, and the inside fellet stop bead is hanged
by hinges to the side piece of frame proper to open inwards when the sash parts or
sash balance is required to be taken out and replaced, The top sash part is
represented framed in one piece the same if desired can be cut in two through the
centre of the broad sash rail after it is framed when it is intended to be fixed or to
have the top rail hanged by hinges to the top casement scantiing piece as is shown
by Figure 7 vertical section of Fig. 6 inside elevation of a double casement, but I

page_text: prefer it in one piece when the sash part is not over heavy and the outside transom
is fixed by tenons formed at both ends to let into mortices cut out in the side of the
frame and do overlay a central portion of the outside surface of said broad sash
rail the inside transom is dispened with here and the central inside of said rail is
wrought out to a proper depth its whole length and is subdivided by section pieces
wrought out to match the inside section of the sash bars into small squares to
match the squares subdividing the space above in the said frame to receive glass
panes, and in the centre of each square is fixed a circular block having in relief a
small hole bored in the centre, And my object of fixing a broad sash rail across
the space in the sash top part of window sashes at the distance represented or there-
about is to give the sash part an improved appearance, And by being constructed in
two separate sash parts as when the outside transom piece is fixed to the sash
bottom rail to overlay the joint or as when fixed permanently in this position as
here before refered to, by either ways the appearance is improved, And I do
intend to fix this rail in the construction of the top sash part of windows sashes
suspended by weighted lines with or without a transom as will hereafter be shown
by other drawings and described.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section of Figure 1 elevation.
Fig. 3 is a front elevation of additional strengthening plate 26 to closing face
plate 19.
Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the left side side scantlings of the exterior, and
interior combined casement and sash frame proper, and the side stiles of sliding
sashes, stone reveals, stone window sill and a portion of masonry.
Fig. 5 is a transverse section on an enlarged scale of the other side of the same
frames and of the outside stop beads, the hinged-ledge, the outside hinged ledge
stop piece, the hinged sashway and parting stop bead, the hinged inside fillet stop
- bead, side stiles of sliding sashes, and ordinary inside casement fastener.
-
Fig. 6 is a inside elevation of the exterior and combined casement and sash
frames, sashes, and fittings with overhead sash light to be either hanged by hinges
or fastened permanently to the sash frame.
Fig. 7 is a vertical section of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a transverse section of Fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is an elevation of a central portion of the left hand side stiles of an
exterior and interior combined casement and sash frame, showing the exterior
fittings of a separate sash balances for suspending and fastening separately the
sashes, constructed on the same principle as Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 and described in my
Patent before refered to.
Fig. 10 is the outside elevation of a sliding sash window suspended and fastened
within the inside space of a single constructed solid sash frame to be fixed in the
masonry as represented, the exterior frame, arrangements and fittings for casement
combination is here dispenced with, but in every other respect the construction of
this frame and sashes is the same as Figure 1 representation.
Fig. 11 is a vertical section of Fig. 10.
Fig. 12 is a transverse section of Fig. 10.
Fig. 13 is a transverse section of a right hand side of a sash frame and sash
stiles this is to show that the transom is the same thickness as the outside stop
beads is and fastened on the outside surface of the broad sash rail of the top
window sash and is lowered and raised with the sash, the ends of same being
between the two outside side, stop beads.
Fig. 14 is an elevation of Fig. 13.
Fig. 15 is a vertical section of Fig. 14.
Fig. 16 is a transverse section showing that the sash frame scantling is reduced in
its thickness and that the moulding on the outside of the stop bead and projecting
.transom is dispensed with.
Fig. 17 is an elevation of Fig. 16 this do show that the sash rail 28 is made
narrower and shows a bead moulding wrought out in the centre, of the rail leaving a
marginal space on each side to correspond with the margin of the side stiles and

page_text: cop fan of toe sasu, and wit give the sash an improved appearance and of being
constructed separately.
:
Fig. 18 is a vertical section of Fig. 17 and the section of the rail do show that.
the central bead moulding is wrought on both sides.
Fig. 19 is an end section of the improved broad rail with a plain transom fixed
on the outside and double bead moulding is run on the inside surface leaving a
margin on each side to correspond with the margin of the side stiles and top rail of
the sash.
Fig. 20 is an inside elevation of the broad sash rail, the central surface is.
wrought out deeper than the side. surfaces and is subdivided into small square
spaces, and in the same glass mirrors are fixed to improve its appearance to the
sight.
Fig. 27 is another transverse section of Fig. 5 right hand side of the exterior
and interior combined casement and sash frame proper, And this figure show that.
the scantling side piece 16 is bevelled off and that the formed right angle recess
wrought out on its edge is to shut against the scantling stop piece 14 instead of
being interposed by the hinged ledge shown by 7 Fig. 5 which is here dispensed
with and either form of joint on this side as a matter of choice can be adopted.
1. My invention consists in the construction of solid wood exterior and interior-
combined casement and sliding sash frames, either single or double to receive
improved constructed suspended and fastened window sashes, and the construction
of single, sash frames similarly improved and constructed as the interior frame
refered to above excepting its combination as a casement and sliding sash frame,
And this frame is to receive similar improved constructed, suspended, and fastened
sliding window sashes, and are fixed for use the same way as ordinary boxed
window frames, And by this improved means either system of ventilating rooms.
can be used by lowering and raising the sliding sashes or by opening the whole
casement, and the windows will be accessible for painting and cleaning without.
the use of long ladders.
And in order that my said invention may be properly understood, I now proceed.
to set forth the system, mode or manner in or under which the same is constructed
or may be used of practically carried into effect reference more particularly than
before discribed is here made to the drawings and the letters and figures marked.
thereon.
And to this end when the exterior frames 2 Fig. 1 is to be constructed to receive
a single interior combined casement and sliding sash frames proper, I discribe to.
proceed in the following manner.
The two solid side scantlings are planed square and tenons is formed at each end
to let into inortices cut out in both ends of the top and bottom scantling pieces 3:
and secured with pins driven through the corner joinings, and a broad moulding, is.
run on the inside edge to break the joint between the said pieces of both frames
when the casement is closed, And in the left hand side scantling piece inside face
near the outside edge a plough groove is wrought out to receive the match section
piece 5 Fig. 4 fixed into a similar plough groove wrought out opposite in the back
side of side scantling of the casement, and in the right hand side of side scantling
near the outside surface a quarter semi circle groove is wrought out to receive the-
match section piece 6 Fig. 5 formed on one edge of the narrow scantling ledge
piece 7 and this is hanged by hinges to the side piece of exterior frame at the
base of the quarter semi-section circle piece to open inwards as indicated, And the
other edge of said piece is wrought out semi circle to match the counter hollow 8.
wrought out in the opposite side of a right angle recess formed in the outside of
the scantling side piece of the interior casement, And the position of the hinged
ledge when the casement is to be closed is sufficiently open on its hinges with its.
back side towards the inside face of exterior frame for the angle recessed side 9 to
pass by for the other angle side 10 to engage its semi edge by closing and. turn it.
automatically on its hinges. until its semi and quarter semi circle edges are in their
respective grooves between the frame sides, and the said scantling piece have by

page_text: 4
'
this means tightened the casement frame proper air tight in its side joints when in
its closed position and the contour radius of the quarter semi circle section piece is
from the centre of the pivoting pin of the hinges it is hanged by to the exterior
frame, And the closing face side 11 Fig. 5 of side scantling of the interior casement
is beveled off to a radius from the pivoting pin of the hinges it is hanged by, And
by this means it will open clear of the inside edge of exterior frame, And a right
angle recess 12 Fig. 2 is made in the inside half surface of the top and bottom
scantling pieces leaving a step on the outside to form outside stops, and a semi
circle hollow is wrought out at the angle of the bottom recess and a slanting
hole 13 Fig. 2 is made from it the outside surface to carry out any water that may
find its way there, And a narrow scantling piece 14 Fig. 5 of the full length of
the opening is fastened to the inside surface of the exterior frame to form a stop
for the hinged ledge to bear against when closed, And angle plates is to be inlaid
on the outside surface of this and on interior frame proper and fastened with wood
screws to make the frames rigid angleways.
And when the interior combined casements and sliding sash frames are to be
constructed I discribe to proceed in the following manner. The top and bottom
scantling pieces 15 and the outside transom pieces 18 Fig. 2 are to have tenons
formed at each end to let into mortices cut out in the side scantling pieces to
connect the same into a frame, and when the said frame is intended for to receive.
the top sash part in two separate pieces, the bottom piece for sliding lowering and
raising, and the top piece for being fixed permanently or hanged by hinges by its
top rail as represented in the construction of the double casement Fig. 7 vertical
.section of Fig. 6 inside elevation then the said frame is constructed with an inside
transom 26 Fig. 7 having tenons at each end to connect it to the side scantling
pieces and the outside transom is now fastened to the bottom rail of the top sash
piece overlaying the meeting joint between the bottom rail of the top sash piece
and the top rail of the sliding sash underneath it when both parts are in their
closed and fastened position.
And a right angle recess 17 Fig. 2 is wrought out of outside half surface of the
top and bottom scantling pieces leaving a section step piece on the inside to form
inside stops to match those formed on the top and bottom scantling of exterior
frame, And in the inside face near the outside surface of the sides and top
Scantling pieces plough grooves is wrought out to receive match section piece 20
Fig. 5 wrought out on one edge of the outside stop beads 21 same figure and are
fixed permanently to the said scantlings by being inserted in the plough grooves.
And on on the outside corners of the sides, top piece, and outside transom piece is
wrought out the moulding 23 Fig. 5. And the stop beads, moulding, and a margin
width of the face side is to appear in sight outside of the window reveals 24 Fig. 5-
And in the left hand side scantling piece at about a central distance from the top
and bottom frame pieces an aperture is cut out of the solid scantling in the sashways
to receive a sash. balance for suspending and fastening the top and bottom sliding
sashes, And in the opposite side piece room is wrought out of the solid for the
hinged sash way 22 Fig. 5 and for the hinged fillet stop bead 27 same figure this
arrangement is for taking out the sashes and sash balance when required and for
replacing the same.
And the construction of the sliding sashes to give them the improved appearance
as represented by the inside elevation Fig. 1 and the vertical section Fig. 2 of
Fig. 1. And the vertical section Fig. 7 of Fig. 6 inside elevation over ordinary
made sliding window sashes I proceed to describe in the following manner-
The four outside scantling pieces for constructing the outside frame of the top
window sash part being two side stiles, one top rail and one meeting rail and these
are wrought out to the required section and are joined together at the four corners
by tenons into mortices in the usual way and the glass space is sub-divided into two
spaces by the broad rail 28 Fig. 2 and a portion of its face side is overlaid when
the sash part is in its closed position by the transom 18 of the sash frame and
showing a margin of the rail on each side equal to the margin in sight of the side

page_text: stiles and the top rail, as represented better by Fig. 10 outside elevation of another.
window constructed with my improvements excepting the combination improve-
ments before refered to, this sash frame is constructed for fixing permanently in the
masonry work.
And it is observable that by fixing the broad rail at the distance shown from the
top rail or the distance may be a little more or less, that it gives a new and
improved style and character to the window by its combined appearance of as a
casement and as a sliding sash window.
And when the said rail is inserted in the said sash part without a transom to
overlay its surface is a great improvement as shown by Fig. 17 outside elevation aud
Fig. 18 vertical section, but I prefer having a fixed transom to overlay it, or have a
transom fixed to the surface of the said rail to move with the sash when it is
lowered and raised for ventilating as shown by Fig. 14 elevation and Fig. 15 vertical
section.
And the glass space of Fig. 1 above the said rail is subdivided by sash bars to
receive thirty six panes as shown by its elevation figure.
And I intend to fill this space with one pane of glass, as partly shown by Fig. 17
elevation but I do prefer it subdivided as shown, and I intend to subdivide the said
space into other form of spaces to receive glass panes.
And the outside frame scantling pieces of the bottom sash part are wrought and
joined together as the top frame is described being four pieces, two side stiles one
bottom rail and a meeting rail, And this space again divided by another rail
inserted within a narrow space to the meeting rail, and this space is again subdivided
vertically with eight sash bars into nine glass spaces And the space from this rail
to the bottom rail is filled in with one pane of glass.
And in the corners of the left hand side stiles of the top and bottom sash parts
facing the parting stop bead is two right angle grooves wrought out to receive
therein cog racks to engage the cogs of the pinion wheels projecting from the sash
balance for suspending the sashes.
And when an exterior and interior combined casement and sliding sash frames
for a double casement is constructed, the wood scantlings are wrought out and
joined together in the same manner as described for constructing single casements
but the hinged ledge described for the single casement is dispenced with.
.
And the two central folding side scantlings pieces are prepared with a tight
joint by one of the folding surfaces having a semi circle rib 1 Fig. 8 formed on near
the inside surface and in the other side scantling is wrought out a counter hollow 2
to match it, and the two folding surfaces 3 and 4 same figure are beveled off to a
radius from the centre of the pivoting pin of the hinges they are hanged by to the
exterior frame And the outside open joint between the folding surfaces when the
casements are in their closed and fastened position is covered over on the outside
by an overlaying ledge scantling piece 5 same figure and hanged with hinges to one
of the side stiles to open outwards, and two metal plates 6 Fig. 7 having at one end
a short piece bent to a right angle and pearced with apertures for wood screws,
and the same are centrally fixed to the top and bottom scantlings of the exterior
frame for automatically closing the said hinged ledge when the casements are being
closed, And apertures is made in the solid sashways on each side for fixing in the
sash balances 8 Fig. 6 for suspending and fastening the sliding sashes, And a
covered over barrel bolt with a central handle mechanically connected is fixed
to the frame inside surface for simultaneous fastening and unfastening the same
when the casements are to be opened and closed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is,
1. The construction of exterior solid frame to receive an interior combined
casement of a sliding solid sash frame, the attached to one of its side scantlings by
pivoted hinges the ledge scantling piece for tightening up the side joints between
=

page_text: i
:
:
the said frames the formation of a quarter semi groove in one side of said frame
side scantling, the formation of a quarter semi circle section on one edge and a
semi circle on the other edge of the said ledge scantling piece, the fixed stop to the
said exterior frame side scantling for the hinged ledge to shut against substantially
as shown and discribed.
2. The construction of the interior combined casement and sliding sash frame to
receive sliding and hinged sashes, the wrought out right angle recess in its side
stile the semi circle groove, the wrought out plough grooves to receive outside stop
beads section match pieces, the projecting space outside of the said stop beads, the
wrought out moulding run on the outside face of said space on both side, on
transom, and on top piece, and the stop beads as wrought out and fixed, sub-
stantially as set forth.
3. The insertion of a broad rail 28 Fig. 2 in the construction of the top parts of
sliding window sashes irrespective of the method adopted in suspending and
fastening them, substantially as shown and described.
4. The wrought out right angle recess in side piece 16 Fig. 21 for to shut against
stop piece 14 when the casement is fully closed, substantially as set forth.
5. The out and inside pieces 18 Fig. 2 and 26 Fig. 7 forming separate transom in
the casements and stationary sash frames substantially as set forth.
6. The possion of each space for the glass panes in the top sash parts after
subdividing the glass space over the broad rail as shown by elevation Fig. 7,
Fig. 6 and Fig. 10 with sash bars, substantially as set forth.
7. The overlaying ledge scantling piece hanged to one side scantling of the
- double casement to cover over the open joint between the folding side scantlings,
and the two metal angle plates for automatically closing the said piece, substantially
..as set forth.
8. The construction of the interior frame proper as a combined casement and
sliding sash window frame substantially as set forth.
9. The additional plate 26 Fig. 3 to plate 19 substantially as set forth.
THOMAS JONES.