matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING AND REMOVING THE REFUSE OF CARDING ENGINES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Foster, at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
December 1872.
I, JOHN FOSTER, junior, of Beela Mills, Milnthorpe, in the County
of Westmoreland, Flax Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING AND REMOVING THE
REFUSE OF CARDING ENGINES"
My said Invention relates to novel self-acting apparatus for collecting
and removing the "flyings" or refuse of carding engines.
For this purpose I arrange in combination with the clearers of the
carding engine a long trough or gutter of wood or metal. The back
of this trough is made high or deep and is at a right angle or nearly so
to the bottom of the trough, but the front of the said trough, or that
side adjacent to the clearer, is inclined outwardly at an angle of about
sixty degrees with the bottom of the trough, and is much lower than its
other side or back. The said trough is arranged on the carding engine
in such a manner that it extends across the engine with its front side
or edge in close proximity to the clearer, and when the engine is in

page_text: motion the said clearer revolves towards the trough, so that the
"flyings" or refuse matter will be deposited in the same. Inside the
said trough I place an endless belt of leather or other suitable material,
which is passed over rollers arranged at the ends of the engine. The
said belt is provided with scrapers which project down to the bottom of
the trough. The said rollers are driven by means of a belt from one of
the workers of the carding engine, or by other suitable means. As the
belt is thus caused to travel around the rollers, the scrapers carry with
them all the refuse collected in the trough to one end of the same,
where it may be delivered into any suitable receptacle. I prefer that
the carding engine should have two sets of this apparatus, each of which
must be arranged in front of one of the upper clearers.
By the use of this improved apparatus I obviate the necessity of
enclosing the carding engine by boxings or casings which produco
currents of air.
IMPROVED MOTIVE POWER ENGINES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Carl Ferdinand Schüssler
and Carl Wilhelm Frederick Wagner at the Office of the Com-
missioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 2nd February
1872.
We, CARL FERDINAND SCHÜSSLER, and CARL WILHELM FREDERICK.
WAGNER, of Hamburg, Engineers, residing at Bohn's Hotel, 6,
Circus, Minories, London, and 24, Kielerssahse, Hamburg, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MOTIVE POWER
ENGINES," to be as follows:-
On a suitable frame or standard is mounted a shaft working in
bearings, on which shaft is a wheel (one or more) on the periphery of
which, and at equal distances apart, are bearings or sockets to receive
weighted levers which work in said bearings or sockets as hinge or
knuckle joints, the weights being attached to the extremity of the
levers. On these levers and close up to the weights are small rollers
a moveable
which run on a peculiarly curved guide rail fixed on
framework. This guide rail controls the course and position of said
levers when they are in motion by extending them to a distance from

page_text: and bringing them home closer to the central shaft of the wheel; the
inner part or portion of the curve being provided with an additional
(bottom) rail.
By a peculiar arrangement a movement of the framework of the
guide rail can be effected by which the action of the machine can be 5
changed and reversed, and by suitable appliances also provided the
machine is put in motion, is stopped, and its speed is regulated.
Each weighted lever is connected with the lever opposite to it..
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUSTAINING AND INSULATING TELEGRAPH WIRES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michael Henry at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
October 1872. A communication from abroad by Henry Joseph
Rogers, of New York, in the County and State of New York, in the
United States of America.
I, MICHAEL HENRY, of Fleet Chambers, 68, Fleet Street, in the
City of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SUSTAINING AND
INSULATING TELEGRAPH WIRES," communicated to me from abroad by
Henry Joseph Rogers, of New York, in the County and State of New
York, in the United States of America, to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to an insulator so constructed that the electric
current is compelled to overcome two insulating contrivances before it
can reach the cross bar of the telegraph pole, and also to overcome
two or more insulating contrivances before it can reach and form
a weather cross with another cross bar, for wires which are perfectly
insulated in dry weather lose their insulation more or less in damp
weather, by means of a continuous water medium, sometimes between
the wire and the earth, through the bar and the pole, down which the

page_text: force of the electricity passes, and sometimes between two or more
wires attached to the same pole or cross bar.
According to this Invention a series of insulators and dry surfaces
under all circumstances are interposed between points liable to be
brought into connection by the presence of moisture.
I describe one arrangement for carrying out the Invention. An
insulated cross har or head piece carries three insulators.
One is an
insulating column, with right and left hand screw threads on its
opposite ends, and with one or more annular depressions round its
supporting end, to prevent the formation of a continuous wet or moist
surface on the insulators. The second insulating column is supported
on a pin instead of being of one piece of insulating material. The
third insulator is suspended; it is intended for sustaining the lino
wire; it is secured to the insulated cross bar between the supporting
columns; its outer surface is prevented from forming a continuous
wet or moist connection with the line wire by an annular concavity
between the central support of line wire and the exposed outer portion
of insulator. The line wire is secured to an annular groove near the
bottom of the third insulator. The electrical current in the wire in
order to be conducted away must first pass through the third insulator,
and thence through the insulating columns into the usual cross bar,
and down the pole to the ground, or across the said cross bar and up
through the insulating columns into the insulated cross bar, and thence
through the insulator into the line wire.
Great resistance is offered by the series of insulators, and the
current may be propelled from the battery to a much greater distance
than by the ordinary insulator, and the line wire if detached will not
fall to the ground, but will be caught and held between the supporting
insulators.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR STOPPING AND PLUGGING THE TUBES OF STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Smith Hare and
Charles Stuart at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 12th November 1872.
We, GEORGE SMITH HARE and CHARLES STUART, both of Hull, in
the County of York, Marine Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR
STOPPING AND PLUGGING THE TUBES OF STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows :-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the arrangement
and construction of a plug or stopper for boiler tubes for which
Provisional Protection was granted to Charles Stuart and William
| Walker, A.D. 1869, 11th of June, No. 1805.
This Invention consists of casting the plug or stopper in two parts
horizontally, each having an inclined surface and are maintained in their
proper position by an internal dovetailed piece so arranged as to hold
the parts as if it was but one, thus facilitating its admission into the
tube of the boiler, the parts being thrust in opposite directions, and are

page_text: made to wedge themselves by means of a screwed stud or its equivalent;
the end of the said stud is also screwed to receive a nut which serves to
secure a washer at the end of the tubes for making the tubes water and
steam tight, the nut being of such a form as to protect the stud from
the action of the flame or fire.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON- STRUCTION OF LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Booth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22nd October
1872.
I, HENRY BOOтя, of Hulme, in the County of Lancaster, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CON-
STRUCTION OF LOOMS FOR WEAVING," to be as follows:-
My Invention applies to the apparatus for working the healds or
harness in looms, and is intended to dispense with the use of the jacks
or levers at the top of the loom, and also with the rollers and straps. To
the top of the loom frame I fix a suitable bracket, and from this bracket
I suspend the top shaft of the healds by means of coiled or other
suitable springs and cords. The bottom shafts of the healds are con-
nected by cords to the treadles below, which are depressed in the requisite
order, according to the pattern of the cloth to be woven, by means of
tappets or other well known contrivances. As the tappets depress the
treadles (and consequently the healds) the coiled or other springs are
extended, and as the tappets release the treadles the springs draw up the
healds into their highest position, and thus the shed is formed.

page_text: In order to prevent the treadles from drawing the healds sideways and
thus fraying the yarn I place a central guide beneath the bottom shafts
provided with small wheels or pulleys, and I cause the cords from the
bottom shafts of the healds to pass through this guido in contact with
these pulleys on their way to the treadles, so that all the healds are
drawn in a perpendicular direction, and those attached to the outer
treadles cannot be drawn sideways as would be the case if the guide
were not employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING SCREENS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Leake Dexter at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st October 1872.
I, JOHN LEAKE DEXTER of Glasgow, in the County of Lanark, North
Britain, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING SCREENS," to be as follows, that is to say:—
This Invention has for its object to render cooking screens more
convenient than as ordinarily constructed, and consists principally in
constructing them so that their parts may be folded together to admit of
the whole occupying the least possible space when not in use.
In carrying out the Invention a front vertical frame is formed of two
metal rods or tubes connected at the top and at a certain distance from
their lower ends which form the front feet of the screen.
The shell of
the screen is divided into three parts, two of these forming the sides
and being hinged upon the front rods or tubes, and having vertical rods
or tubes at their back edges and extending down to form back feet,
whilst the third part forms the back of the screen and is hinged to one
of the sides. When the screen is set in position for use the third or back

page_text: part forms a door and is provided with one or more latches or catches to
secure it to the side opposite to that to which it is hinged. An inclined
cover is provided which may be either hinged to the top of the front
frame or be connected thereto only when in use. This cover has
triangular pieces fitted to its sides to fill up the spaces between it and
the tops of the main sides, and these pieces are formed with staples to
enter sockets in the main sides. The cover is also provided with two
pieces which are hinged or jointed to it, and which are made one with a
series of notches and the other with holes, so as to connect together in
different positions, and so as to support a roasting jack or hook in
various positions. Provision, is also made for hooking on trays or
supporting frames in such positions as may be requisite within the
screen.
The shapes and arrangement of the parts may obviously be con-
siderably varied provided that they are made capable of folding together
as described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS AND CAPS OUT OF AMERICAN, JAPANED, GLAZED, OR OTHER SIMILAR CLOTHS IN ALL COLORS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Frederick Freutel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th August 1872.
I, HENRY FREDERICK FREUTEL, of 133 & 135, Kingsland Road, in
the County of Middlesex, Fancy Hat Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF HATS AND CAPS OUT OF AMERICAN, JAPANED, GLAZED, OR OTHER SIMILAR CLOTHS
IN ALL COLORS," to be as follows:-
These improvements consist in manufacturing hats and caps out of
American, Japaned, glazed, or other similar cloths of all colors, by the
use of steam and suitably stiffening the same with gum shellac or
other stiffening properties.
The pieces of cloth are first cut into the required shape and sewn, they
are then placed on the block on the glazed side, steam is then applied
either direct from the boiler into a steamer or by hydraulic halting
machine so as to soften the same, it is then pulled into shape on a block
secured tightly and the stiffening matters then applied. They are then
properly dryed and will retain their shape and be fit for use. Provision
is made for ventilating the same when worn in the usual way.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR CUTTING SHOE LININGS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Salmon at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
December 1872.
I, THOMAS SALMON, of Kettering, Northamptonshire, Machinist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR CUTTING SHOE LININGS, ALSO APPLICABLE TO OTHER FABRICS," to
be as follows, that is to say:-
My improved cutting apparatus is constructed of an iron standard
fixed on a bed plate or table and provided at one end with a vertical
knife working through a slot made in the table. A reciprocating motion
is imparted to the knife by means of a suitably shaped cam set in motion
from fly wheels at the other end of the standard, the fly wheels are
driven by hand or otherwise. The knife is furnished at its lower part
with a presser to keep the material to be cut down on the table. The
free end of the knife works between rollers acting as guides and fixed
below the slot in the table.

page_text: The material to be cut is marked with the required pattern and is held
and guided against the cutting edge of the knife by the hand.
Several thicknesses of material may be cut at the same time by my
improved apparatus.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTONS FOR GLOVES
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Germain Damas Morisseau, Button Manufacturer,
of No. 82, Boulevard de Sébastopol, Paris, France, for the Invention
of "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTONS FOR GLOVES."
Sealed the 13th September 1872, and dated the 27th March 1872..
Morisseau at the Office of the Commissioners of Iatents, WILL
Petition, on the 27th March 1872.
I, GERMAIN DAMAS MORISSEAU, Button Manufacturer, of No. 82,
Boulevard de Sébastopol, Paris, France, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTONS FOR GLOVES," to be
as follows:-

page_text: is the following:-The head and lower portion consist of two metallic or
other plates united to the shank, which is a hollow tube, up which passes
a small shaft, the lower extremity of which is fixed in the centre of a
small disc or plate, whilst the other passes through the head of the
button. This shaft is fitted into the tubular shank of the button when
the kid or leather has been placed between the lower plate and the disc,
and by a gentle pressure on the end of the shaft a rivet is formed, thus
imparting to the button all the requisite solidity and security. Or the
rivet may be formed internally; in this case the opening in the head of
the button is dispensed with.
Office on the 25th September 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GERMAIN
DAMAS MORISSEAU, Button Manufacturer, of No. 82, Boulevard de
Sébastopol, Paris, France, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-seventh day of March, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in
the thirty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Germain Damas Morisseau,
Her special licence that I, the said Germain Damas Morisseau, my exe-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Germain Damas Morisseau, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at
all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTONS FOR GLOVES," upon
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Germain Damas
Morisseau, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly

page_text: What I claim therefore is the principle of construction as already
described and illustrated by the accompanying Drawings.
જ્યાં
In witness whereof, I, the said Germain Damas Morisseau have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-two.
GERMAIN DAMAS MORISSEAU. (L.S.)
E. HÉBRE,
82, Boulevart Sébastopol,
à Paris.
AN IMPROVED SPRING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th April 1872.-A communication from abroad by James
Jennings McCombe, of New Orleans, in the State of Louisiana,
and Frank M. Mahan, of Memphis, in the State of Tennessee,
United States of America.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SPRING MOTIVE
POWER," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to an improved spring motive power, which
by way of example may be described as applied to a railway track,
but it will be understood as applicable to the driving of various kinds of
machinery."
The principal feature of the Invention consists of two sets of coiled
spring powers of one or more springs each, each set being adapted by
its uncoiling motion to turn a shaft for imparting motion for propelling
the machinery to which it is applicable, which said shaft is caused

page_text: by excentrics, levers, and pawls to turn a winding-up mechanism for
coiling up the springs of the other set as fast as they uncoil in expending
their power on the aforesaid main shaft, thus constituting a self-winding
spring power.
Supposing the Invention to be adapted to a tram or railway carriage,
the drums containing the springs are fitted with spur teeth which gear
respectively into pinions keyed to the axles of the running wheels. The
uncoiling of the springs will therefore give rotary motion to the running
wheels, and at the same time a set of cams on the axle of the pair of
wheels so driven will give a. rocking motion to a set of levers each
furnished with a pair of pawles kept in gear with a ratchet or grooved
roller. These pawles (one of each pair) will alternately drive the ratchet
roller giving it a rotary motion, which it will impart through spur
gearing to the axle connected with a second set of springs, and by
driving this axle causes it to wind up the springs ready for action.
.
The arrangement described being duplicated, the like action will
alternate at the opposite ends of the apparatus.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE MAGNETS FOR CURATIVE AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Darlow at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd March
1872..
I, WILLIAM DARLOW, of North Woolwich Road, in the County of
Essex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE MAGNETS FOR CURATIVE AND OTHER PURPOSES," to be
as follows:
This Invention relates to improvements in the method of constructing
or forming flexible portable magnets for curative and other purposes,
whereby such magnets are rendered more effective and permanent than
heretofore.
My improvements are applicable to flexible magnets in the form of
magnetised chains, wires, or parts, suitably arranged and made up into
belts, bandages, and other appliances to be worn upon the body or limbs,
or to be applied to baths and other curative or health preserving
purposes, each separate part of such flexible magnets being enclosed in
a cover or envelope of flexible magnetic or magnetisable substances in
such manner that the envelope itself is partially magnetic, tending

page_text: thereby to the greater fixity or preservation of the magnetic influence
of such magnets, which consequently possess increased curative power.
In carrying out my improvements I prefer to employ as a cover or
envelope for the parts of flexible magnets magnetic compounds of the
character described in the Specification of the Letters Patent granted to
myself and Philip William Seymour, dated the 7th day of November
1866, No. 2886, a permanent magnet (which may consist of a thin piece
of steel) being embedded or enclosed in a cover of such compounds, and
magnetised in the ordinary manner; but any other suitable method of
forming a magnetic envelope for such magnets may be employed in
accordance with my Invention.
In some cases I make or form these improved compound flexible
magnets by placing a thin sheet of steel or other magnetisable metal or
material (by preference perforated) between two sheets or surfaces of
the magnetic compound before referred to, and fix the whole together
by pressure or otherwise. The compound magnetic sheets thus prepared
may be cut up into strips or pieces of suitable form and size to form
separate magnets, the cut edges being protected or covered with varnish
or by other suitable means.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES FOR WEAVING AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN MAKING THE SAME
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Gilmour Leburn at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd January 1872.
I, WILLIAM GILMOUR LEBURN, of the Gateside Mills Company, of
Gateside, in the County of Fife, North Britain, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHUTTLES FOR WEAVING
AND IN APPARATUS TO BE USED IN MAKING THE SAME," to be as follows, that is
to say :-
This Invention relates to improvements designed principally to be
applied to comparatively large shuttles used with coarse yarns in the
cop form, but some of the improvements are also applicable to other
shuttles for weaving.
One improvement consists in forming the bottom of the cavity
in the shuttle with a series of semicircular inclined ridges, which by
their frictional resistance hold back the cop, and cause the yarn to
be drawn properly off it without its being necessary to press the cop
so firmly in its place as with the ordinary form. This improved shape

page_text: of bottom is formed by means of a revolving cutter chucked in a lathe
or equivalent apparatus, the shuttle being placed in an inclined position
on a slide or carriage and shifted step by step, so that a series of circular
indentations are formed, each one cutting beyond part of the previous
cut and leaving an inclined ridge.
•
A second improvement consists in fixing buffalo hide on the shoulders
of the shuttlo instead of iron as hitherto. This buffalo hide shoulder
is fixed by a screw or spike at one side, and by the point or tip at
the other side, the point or tip being made with a screwed or pointed
shank to enter through the buffalo hide into the end of the shuttle.
A third improvement consists of an appliance to impart tension to
the yarn as it issues from the shuttle. A pair of small rollers is applied
in front of the eye of the shuttle, being fitted in a recess made in
the side of the shuttle, and rubber rings or other suitable springs arc
applied to the spindles of the rollers so as to compress or apply frictional
resistance to the yarn as it passes out between the rollers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE FENCING
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Burnie at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th September
1872.
I, JOHN BURNIE, of Castle Douglas, in the Stewartry of Kirk-
cudbright, North Britain, Agricultural Implement Maker, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE
FENCING," to be as follows, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object the constructing of portable fencing
in an improved manner, and so as to be more convenient or easily
managed and more durable than what has been hitherto used for
similar purposes.
The improved fencing is made in sections of a conveniently portable
length, such sections being connected by hinges arranged so that they
may be folded backwards and forwards and lie flat upon each other.
Each section is made up in the form of an open frame of narrow
strips of sheet iron rivetted together, and the hinges, of which there
may be two or more between each pair of sections, are formed by
means of square iron links, each link being jointed on one side to a

page_text: horizontal strip of one frame or section by the end of the strip being
bended round it and rivetted, whilst on the other side the link is
similarly jointed to a horizontal strip of the next frame or section,
thus forming a kind of double hinge which allows one section to be
folded flat upon the other.
By other modifications the frames or sections may be made up of
wires or round rods bound together with wire; or partly of flat iron
strips and partly of wire or round rods; the principal feature of the
arrangement being the herein-before described mode of hinging the
sections togetlier.
This improved fencing is well suited for confining sheep to a part
of a pasture, particularly when it has to be frequently shifted; it is
also suitable for placing round trees or shrubbery, and may be made
more or less ornamental by forming various devices in arranging the
strips or wires composing the sections.
A METHOD OF DESTROYING THE LABELS ON BOTTLES, Jars, and OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS ON THE CORK OR STOPPER BEING DRAWN THEREFROM
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Absalom Elijah Webb at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th April 1872.
.
1
I, ABSALOM ELIJAH WEBB, of Jamaica Street, Stepney, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said In-
vention for "A METHOD OF DESTROYING THE LABELS ON BOTTLES, Jars, and
OTHER SIMILAR VESSELS ON THE CORK OR STOPPER BEING DRAWN THEREFROM,"
to be as follows :—
This Invention consists in applying to the corks or stoppers of bottles,
jars, or other similar vessels an arrangement by means of which the
labels on the said vessels are destroyed on the cork or stopper being
withdrawn, thereby preventing fraud. Near the top of the cork for
example I pass a thin strip of metal, one end of which is bent into one
side of the cork and the other end is left long enough to turn over the
bottle for the purpose hereafter stated. On to this end of the aforesaid
piece of metal I stick a piece of linen or other suitable material, I
then solder or otherwise affix another short piece of metal crosswise,
thus forming a cross under the piece of linen aforesaid; this said short

page_text: piece of metal is fixed so as to prevent the piece of linen or other
material coming off the aforesaid cross on the cork being drawn.
In using a cork with the above arrangement applied thereto it is
simply necessary to force the cork into the bottle until the neck thereof
comes in contact with the metal, the end of which is then turned down 5
over the bottle and the label is pasted over the aforesaid piece of linen
or other material.
By employing the above arrangement the effect will be to tear the
label on drawing the cork or stopper, and thereby prevent the same
label being used a second time, which is frequently done by others than 1
the original manufacturers when the label is left whole or the bottle
or jar.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ernst Fredrik Göransson, of Gefle, near Sand-
viken, Sweden, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER."
Sealed the 23rd July 1872, and dated the 18th April 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ernst Fredrik
Göransson at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 18th April 1872.
I, ERNST FREDRIK GÖRANSSON, of Gefle, near Sandviken, Sweden,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER," to be as
follows:-
:-
The object of this Invention is to obtain motive power from a chimney
draught. For this purpose I form an opening into the lower part of a
chimney, through which air may be drawn in by the chimney draught
and the incoming current of air I cause to pass through a turbine or
other suitable engine, and thereby obtain motive power.

page_text: If a turbine be used I prefer it to be of larger diameter than the
opening into the chimney, and make it of an annular form. The annular
turbino is mounted centrally on an axis and fits closely to a correspond-
ing annular opening at the end of a conical casing fitted to the opening
at the lower part of the chimney. In this casing is fitted a valve by
which the passage of air into the chimney can be controlled. When the
valve is opened the draught in the chimney draws air through the
turbine and the incoming air pressing against. its inclined or curved
blades causes it to revolve, together with the axis which carries it. By
thus forming the turbine of larger diameter than the opening into the
chimney, and with inclined or curved blades at its periphery only, a
greater amount of power is obtained from the same area of chimney than
would otherwise be practicable.
.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLER BLIND ENDS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Hitchin at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th
October 1872.
I, WILLIAM HITCHIN, Trading as William Hitchin & Co., of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention for “CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROLLER BLIND ENDS," to be as follows (that is to say):-
:-
My Invention in connection with roller blind ends applies by prefer-
ence to the description usually produced by raising discs of the required
shape of thin metal, and consists in uniting them by means of a combined
axis and shank, either tapered as a nail or wormed as a screw, by which
wormed or tapered shank the said metal combined discs are united
together and secured to the end of the blind roller, the two discs coming
together forming a groove for the cord to ride in, while the disc
applied to the other end is simply a single flange projecting beyond
the roller for keeping the blind in position. Any additional means of

page_text: attachment may be obtained by pierced holes through the double or single
disc for receiving screws or nails, as preferred, which will prevent the said
ends turning around on the roller on the tapered or screwed shank.
Roller blind ends formed of non-metallic material may be applied in the
same manner.
A NEW COMPOUND FOR SUBSTITUTING WOOD, MILLBOARD, AND OTHER SIMILAR MATERIALS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Louis Abraham Brode and
Julius Brode at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 16th March 1872.
We, LOUIS ABRAHAM BRODE and JULIUS BRODE, both of Glasgow,
in the County of Lanark, North Britain, do hereby declare the nature
of the said. Invention of "A NEW COMPOUND FOR SUBSTITUTING WOOD,
MILLBOARD, AND OTHER SIMILAR MATERIALS," to be as follows, that is to
say :-
This Invention relates to a new compound material to be used for
substituting wood, millboard, and other similar materials used in the
manufacture of parts of furniture, bobbins, boxes, toys, bookbinding,
and other articles formed of woodwork or millboard. It consists in
combining finely pulverized wood either with or without a portion of
peat mould with size. In making the compound material, dry wood is
reduced by grinding or otherwise to a fine state of division, and in this
condition, with or without a portion of peat mould, the pulverized wood
alone or the mixed wood and peat mould is or are then commingled
with a quantity of size sufficient to form a thick paste therewith, in

page_text: which case the compound is moulded into such shapes as may be
required for use. The moulded material is allowed to dry, in which
condition it may be turned in a lathe or otherwise operated upon with
cutting tools.
In order to impart any desired colour to the compound, this may be b
effected by mixing colour with the size, and if desired, odorous matter
may be commingled with the materials so as to impart a scent to the
finished articles.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITION BEARINGS FOR THE JOURNALS OF AXLES, SHAFTS, OR SPINDLES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with bis Petition, on the
25th March 1872.-A communication from abroad by Sylvester
Croll, Reuben T. Barrett, and Edward T. Plush, all of Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, United States of America.
I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co.,
Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN COMPOSITION BEARINGS
FOR THE JOURNALS OF AXLES, SHAFTS, OR SPINDLES," a communication, to be as
follows:-
-
The nature of this Invention consists in mixing and fusing together
sand or silex, soda, bi-carbonate of soda, arsenious acid, bone dust, oxide
of lead, clay, and oxide of manganese, and then compressing the mass
while it is in a highly heated and fused or semi-fluid condition within
the journal box previously fitted upon a removable former, which will
give to the face of the bearing the curve required for the journal it is
intended to support. The said box and "former are strongly heated
at the time the semi-fluid or plastic mass is pressed into the box, and a
"

page_text: suitable hole is also previously made in the bottom of the said box for
the introduction of the mass, and of a plunger rod or piston, whereby
the necessary compression can be given to the contents of the box.
When the mass has become permanently set or hard, the box and the
composition thus permanently secured together are to be put into an 5
annealing oven to cool gradually, and after cooling the bearing is ready
for use.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Shewell Morris at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th October 1872.
I, THOMAS SHEWELL MORRIS, of the Royal Exchange, in the City
of London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows :-
The objects of these improvements are to economise the consumption
of fuel in steam boilers, and at the same time to prevent the formation -
of smoke.
I will describe these improvements with reference to an ordinary
cylindrical, horizontal double flue boiler, set in brickwork.
I carry the feed pipe from the front of the boiler along and on one
side of each furnace or flue, by preference resting on the furnace bars.
At the end of the grate or furnace bars the feed pipe is continued into a
coil running across from one side of the furnace to the other, thus forming,
with the openings between the coils themselves, and between the coils.
and the upper part of the flue, an openworked partition or wall through
which the products of combustion escape from the grate. The feed

page_text: water is thence by means of a pipe at or near the top or roof of the
furnace led back to the front where the pipe from each flue are joined
and carried down to and into the lower part of the boiler; the feed
water is then in a highly heated state, having during its circuitous
passage been exposed to the flame and heat of the furnaces.
Instead of the ordinary brick bridge I arrange a brick arch a few
inches distance behind the coil of pipes at the end of the furnace bars,
and I cause the products of combustion to pass through an opening or
throat formed between the under side of said arch and the top of a
partition closing the lower part of the flue, and in doing so the products
of combustion commingle with air let into the said space from below
the grate, and passing through a narrow slit between the end of the
grate and the said lower partition, or instead of the said brick arch and
lower partition a wall having one or more perforations or openings may
be used. The products of combustion are thus in a subdivided state
commingled with a thin sheet or sheets of air, and the mixed gases and
air passing through the throat under the hot brick arch are further
commingled and consumed, thus preventing any formation of smoke,
and tending to economisc fuel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SUPPORTING AND PROTECTING TELEGRAPH WIRES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Thomas at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 20th
November 1872.
I, JOHN THOMAS, of the Firm of Thomas and Son, of the Bangor
Slate Works, Bangor, North Wales, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN SUPPORTING AND PROTECTING
TELEGRAPH WIRES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists principally in the application of slate for the
bearers and posts for supporting and carrying telegraph wires.
As slate
is a non-conductor the use of glass or porcelain cups or other insulating
agents is entirely dispensed with. The bearers to be made of slate are
fastened to the wooden or slate posts in the usual manner by bolting
together or otherwise, and the telegraph wire is fastened or secured to
the slate bearers by means of holes drilled and formed therein for the
wire to pass through; or it may rest in nicks or grooves cut therein for
that purpose firmly secured by small wires. The bearers can be fixed
on tunnel sides at a distance say from six to eight feet apart with nicks
or grooves cut therein for the wire, and may be covered over and

page_text: protected with slate slabs in long lengths, about half an inch thick, with
lap joints, or they may be covered by the "Bangor Patent ridging,
Thomas' Invention, the subject of Letters Patent No. 473, dated 23
February 1871.
The slate posts can be made of any length and size required, in pieces
say from six to nine feet lengths, and from five to nine inches square or
thereabouts, and fastened together by means of iron hoops, bands, traps,
sockets, or other connecting pieces.
For subterranean telegraphy I propose to enclose the wires between
two pieces of slate lying face to face with countersunk grooves or ]
channels prepared for their reception, fastened together by bolts or
otherwise, and with overlap joints to protect from moisture.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HEELS FOR BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Major Howe at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th November
1872.
I, MAJOR HOWE, of Northampton, in the County of Northampton, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF HEELS FOR BOOTS AND SHOES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in certain improvements in the construction
and manufacture of heels for boots and shoes, whereby the disadvantages
arising from the unequal wear of the same are remedied and avoided with
great efficacy and facility. The main body of the heel is built or formed
in the usual manner, as well understood; but the piece which constitutes
the top or wearing surface thereof has a circular aperture made therein
for the reception of a flat steel ring, which is placed in such apertures,
such ring having a hole formed therein for the purpose herein-after
mentioned. The inner circumference of the ring is formed with a
flange, over which is placed a disc of leather, gutta percha, or other
suitable material. The said disc is then secured to the heel by means of
brads, pegs, screws, or other known contrivances, the ring being left free

page_text: to rotate, but retained in its desired horizontal position by the flange,
and the before-mentioned disc. The surface of the heel is then filed
down and completed, and the ring is readily rotated whenever desired
so as to compensate for wearing of the heel by reason of unequal
pressure at any particular part thereof by placing a metallic pin or point
in the before-mentioned hole, and turning another portion of the ring to
that part of the heel which has become unduly worn.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR REDUCING TIN STUFF AND OTHER PARTIALLY PULVERIZED ORES AND SUBSTANCES
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Henry Stephens and
Thomas Williams at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 20th April 1872.
We, SAMUEL HENRY STEPHENS, of Crowan, and Thomas WILLIAMS,
of Helston, both in the County of Cornwall, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR REDUCING
TIN STUFF AND OTHER PARTIALLY PULVERIZED ORES AND SUBSTANCES," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention relates to improvements in the pulverizing machine
described in the Provisional Specification of the application for Letters
Patent made by the said Samuel Henry Stephens, March 5th, 1872,
No. 677.
According to these improvements, for certain kinds of stuff wo
impart to the muller which carries the upper rubbing surfaces a recipro-
cating rotary motion instead of a continuous rotary motion, and to
accomplish this we fix a lever to the tube which carries the muller,
to which the required reciprocating rotary motion is imparted from a
cranked shaft suitably disposed by a connecting rod or rods jointed to

page_text: the lever, or the extremity of the lever may be made to work in a zig-zag
cam groove in the periphery of a revolving cylinder, which imparts the
necessary reciprocating circular movement to the rubbers. The muller
carrier is provided with a convex disc or spreader for distributing the water
and material to be ground uniformly in the grinding pan. In the former &
application, before referred to, the shocs or rubbers were described as
having their leading edges curved so as to gather the material in the pan.
In the present arrangement where the rubber is moved alternately in
either direction by the reciprocating rotary motion of the muller we make
both leading edges curved for the same purpose.
1
Another method of fixing this shoe or rubber to the muller consists
in providing a slot therein, in which works a pin fixed to the bottom of
the pan, the slot being of sufficient length to allow the shoe to move
freely to a certain extent independently of the muller arm by which it
is worked from a pin fixed therein. In some cases we employ conical 1
rollers mounted on axes fixed to the arms of the muller, the conical
rollers being so disposed that they shall be in a straight line with the
face of the rubbing plates in the bottom of the grinding pan. The
sides of the pan may be inclined or bevelled outwards at the upper
part to facilitate the discharge of the ground stuff, and two or more 2
discharge hoppers or gates may be employed.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF SHIPPING AND UNSHIPPING SCREW PROPELLERS, AND IN APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1872

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Davis at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 11th
December 1872.
I, WILLIAM DAVIS, of Great Yarmouth, in the County of Norfolk,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED METHOD OF SHIPPING AND UNSHIPPING SCREW PROPELLERS, AND IN
APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," to be as follows, that is to say:—
The object of this Invention is to facilitate the shipping and
unshipping of screw propellers of steam vessels in deep water.
To carry out my Invention the screw propeller is mounted upon a
small shaft which is connected to the main propelling shaft by an
improved joint or coupling herein-after described.
In rear of the stern post of the vessel are suitably fixed two vertical
posts or guides extending to the counter of the vessel, and at a sufficient
distance apart to admit the screw propeller and its shaft; the inner one
of these two posts carries the outer bearing of the main shaft; the
propeller and its shaft are mounted in a frame formed with tenons or
projections at the sides which fit and work in corresponding grooves in

page_text: the said vertical posts; a rod or a chain passes from the cross head of
the frame through the counter of the vessel by which the propeller may
be raised and lowered by means of a windlass or otherwise.
The shaft of the propeller is connected to the main shaft in the
following manner :-In the outer end of the main shaft a rectangular
slot is formed, the top of the bearing being cut away to the same width
as this slot; one end of the propeller shaft outside its frame is formed
with a rectangular tongue or tenon corresponding with and fitting into
the slot in the outer end of the main shaft.
By these arrangements when the main shaft is in a certain position,
videlicet, with its slot in a vertical direction, the propeller can be raised
or unshipped and be lowered or shipped as required. A key or bolt is
provided for holding the shaft in the proper position to allow of shipping
and unshipping the propeller.
A hatchway is formed in the counter of the vessel of sufficient size to
allow the propeller to pass through, the said hatchway being closed by a
suitable hatch.
AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF MILITARY SPADE OR SHOVEL
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Jones, of St. Luke's Road, Birmingham,
in the County of Warwick, Machine Smith, for the Invention of
"AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF MILITARY SPADE OR SHOVEL."
Sealed the 2nd August 1872, and dated the 7th February 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Jones at .
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 7th February 1872.
I, EDWARD JONES, of St. Luke's Road, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Machine Smith, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for " AN IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF MILITARY SPADE OR
SHOVEL," to be as follows:-

page_text: work, and which at the same time will offer facilities for being carried as
a part of the soldier's accoutrements.
The blade of the spade or shovel may take any desired or approved
form, and the haft will be continued for the length of some ten inches,
and terminate with a solid end to form the lower portion of the handle.
The upper part of the handle being formed partly of metal is connected
with the lower part by a double hinge, and the two parts thus connected
together will form a butt joint.
To secure the joint a sliding collar is provided, which is secured in
position by a bayonet fastening, or a snap fastening may be used to give
stiffness to the hinge joint.
The advantage of thus constructing the spade or shovel is that it will
admit of being folded up into about half its length, and of being carried
by the soldier with facility at his back while on the march.