A METHOD OF WEAVING ALL KINDS OF LINEN, COTTON, WOOLEN, AND WORSTED CLOTHS, BY MEANS OF LOOMS WROUGHT BY WATER, AND WHICH MAY BE WROUGHT BY STEAM ENGINES. HORSES, OR ANY OTHER POWER, THE-WEAVING. BEING DONE AT-MUCH LESS EXPENCE AND MUCH MORE EXPEDITIOUSLY, THAN IT- IS DONE AT PRESENT BY WEAVERS; AND THE CLOTH SO WEAVED BEING ALSO OF A MORE REGULAR TEXTURE, AND SUPERIOR TO WHAT CAN BE-WROUGHT BY THE HAND
Year: 1796

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, ROBERT MILLER,
Callico Printer, of. Milton Printfield, in the County of Dunbarton, in that-part
of Great Britain called Scotland, sends.greeting.
WHEREAS the King's most Excellent Majesty, by Letters Patent under
the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the Twenty-eight day of June,
in the thirty-sixth year of His reign, gave and granted unto the said Robert
Miller, his executors, administrators, and assigns, His special licence, full
power, sole privilege and authority, that the said. Robert Miller, his executors,
administrators, and assigns, and every of them, by himself and themselves, or
by his and their deputy or deputies, servants or agents, and such others as
he, the said Robert Miller, his executors, administrators, or assigns, should at
any time agree with,, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and. vend his Invention of "A METHOD OF WEAVING ALL
KINDS OF LINEN, COTTON, WOOLEN, AND WORSTED CLOTHS, BY MEANS OF LOOMS
WROUGHT BY WATER, AND WHICH MAY BE WROUGHT BY STEAM ENGINES. HORSES, OR
ANY OTHER POWER, THE-WEAVING. BEING DONE AT-MUCH LESS EXPENCE AND MUCH
MORE EXPEDITIOUSLY, THAN IT- IS DONE AT PRESENT BY WEAVERS; AND THE CLOTH
SO WEAVED BEING ALSO OF A MORE REGULAR TEXTURE, AND SUPERIOR TO WHAT CAN
BE-WROUGHT BY THE HAND," within that part of His Majesty's Kingdom of
Great Britain called England, his Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-
upon-Tweed, in such manner as to him. the said Robert Miller, his executors,
administrators, and assigns, or any of them, should in his or their discretions

page_text: seen meet; and that the said Robert Miller; his executors, administrators, and
assigns, should and lawfully might have and enjoy the whole profit, bencfit,
commodity, and advantage from time to time coming, growing, accruing, and
arising by reason of the said Invention, for and during the term of years
therein mentioned; to have, hold, exercise, and enjoy the said licence, powers,
privileges, and advantages therein-hefore granted, or mentioned to be granted,
unto the said Robert Millèr, his executors, administrators, or assigns, for and
during and unto the full end and term of fourteen years from the date of the
said Letters Patent next and immediately ensuing, and fully to be completo
and ended, according to the Statute in such case made and provided; in which
said Letters Patent is contained a proviso,.that if the said Robert Miller
should not particularly describe and ascertain the naturo of his said Invention,
aud in what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing
under his hand and seal, and cause the saine to be inrolled in His Majesty's
High Court of Chancery within the space of four kalendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent, that then the said
Letters Patent, and all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted,
should utterly cease, deterniine, and become void, anything therein-before
contained to the contrary.thereof notwitlistanding.
KNOW YE, that the said Robert Miller, in pursuanco of and, compliance
with the said proviso in the said Letters Patent contained, and the purport
and true intent and meaning thereof, and of His Majesty's said most gracious
intentions, doth by this instrument in writing under his hand and seal, duely
executed, particularly describe and ascertain the nature of his said new
invented weaving loom, and the manner in which the weaving is to be
performed, according to the Plan or Drawing thereof hereunto annexed, in
manner and form following, that is to say:―
Figure First reprosents a side view of the loom; AA, BB, CC, DD,
being the frame. A is an axis (which we shall call the spindle), across the
frame; on this axis is a sheeve b, two inches thick, having a groove round it
two inches deep and half an inch wide. The bottom of this groove is circular,
except in one part c, where it is filled up to the top; a lover d rests on the
bottom of this groove, and is lifted up by it when the elevation c comes round
to the situation represented in the Figure. By this motion the lever d acts on
the ratchel wheel e by the catch t, and draws it forward one tooth each
revolution of the sheave. This ratchet wheel is an iron frame g, g, which also
properly carries the two catches & and w, which are connected with it at v.
The catch holds the ratchet wheel in its position, while the lover d with the
catch tare moved by the groove c in the sheeve. On the arbor of the ratchet

page_text: is a small pinion h, working in the wheel f. This wheel is fixed.on the end
of the roller &, of Fig. 3d. On the side of the sheeve'b is fixed a wiper k,
which lifts the treadle . This treadle turns on its joint in the sheeve E,
which is fixed to the side of the frame A and D; it is kept pressing on the
bottom of the groove in the sheeve by a spring m, fixed to the frame side A,
and having a slender rod n from its extremity, joining it with the treadle at l;
from the point of the treadle there goes a belt o, which passes over the pulley
p, which is seen edgewise in this Figure, and is joined to the top of the fly
pin q of Figure 24. At the end of the frame A is the short post F. On this
rests the yard beam j, having a sheever, over which passes a cord, having a
weights suspended to it. The other end of this cord is fastened to the
spring v. This weight causes the yarn beam to stretch the web from the ratchet
wheel e, with its catch u, and the spring vallows the rope to slide on the
sheeve as the ratchet is drawn round during the working. Figure 2d is a front
view of the loom; a, a, is the spindle which carries the sheeve 6 and the wipers
d, and d, which move the treadles w, w, of Figure 1st. These use the treadles
of the headles with which they are connected by cords from the shafts of the
headless, s. From the upper shaft there goes two leathern belts f, f, to the
roller Y? furnished each with a buckle for tightening them at pleasure. The
two wipers c, c, on the shaft a, which serve for taking back the lay, have tho
two treadles x, x, in Figure 3d; with a belt from each passing over the roller h.
2d of Figure 1, and fixed to the sword of the lay. From the swords of the
lay forward is fixed a belt to each end of the roller i; from this roller there
goes a cord to the spring ;, which serves for taking forward the lay which is
hinged to the rocking tree t. The star wheel 6 of Figure 3d, and the sheeve b
of Figure 1, are fixed to the opposite ends of the spindle a, without the
frame, and both the wheel and sheeve have a wiper k, fixed to them for moving
the treadles l, l. In order to drive the shuttle, the belts o, o, go from the
points of the treadles over the pullies p, p, to the top of the fly pin.q. This
turns on a pin joint in a rail r, which goes across the loom. From its lower
end there go two small cords to the shuttle drivers g, g, which slide on the
iron rods n, n; a long iron rod v goes across the lay, and is hung on two centres
at the ends. In this rod v are fixed two small crooked wires w, 10, which are
more distinctly marked in the little Figure w above, which represents a section
of the lay. The dot at the lower end of the wire w in this Figure is the
section of the rod v; the shuttle passes between these wires and the lay every
shot, and lifts them up, causing the rod v to turn round a little. But if the
shuttle should not pass these wires, nor lift them, it would be drawn honie by
the lay and destroy the web; to prevent this there is fixed on one end of the.

page_text: rod a stout crooked wire, having a broad or flat head, which naturally rests
on a plate of iron, marked & fixed to the back of the lay. This plate has
a slit in its middle about an inch deep. In this slit rests the rod a 2; of
Figure 34, on which is a short stud which is catched by the wire when the
wire w is not lifted back by the passing shuttle. This will stop the lay from
coming home, and will set off the loom. Figure 3d is another side view of the
loom, opposite to Figure 1. On the spindle a is the star wheel b, on the
outside of the loom frame, on the arins of which wheel is fixed the wiper k, as
the similar wiper is fixed to the sheeve on the other end of the spindle. The
wipers which drive the shuttle are fixed on opposite squares of the spindlo,
and work alternately. Below the star wheel is a pinion c, which is on a
round spindle turned by the water. wheel, by nieans of a wheel on this spindle..
In a wheel on this spindle are two studs, on which the pinion c slides off and
on, as the loom is set off and on by the lever d. At the further end of this
lever is the weights, hanging by a cord which passes over a pulley t, fixed at
the outer end of the spring catch on which the lever d rests, and thus the loom
is drawn in at the upper end of the lever d. But when the shuttle does not
lift the wire, it catches on the stud on the rod a 2, which is connected with
the spring catch, and the lever d flies off with the weights, and the loom stops
working. On the head of the post F is the yarn beam j. The rollers & and
fare cylinders, pressed together by a screw lever, and take away the cloth
between them at a proper rate. In the roller f is a groove for a band for
drawing the roller g, on which the cloth winds itself as it is wrought. Where-
ever springs are-mentioned to he used in the above description, weights may
be used in their stead and to the samo effect, and more especially upon the
treadle A of Figure 1" for driving the shuttle, and it is put in practice by the
said Robert Miller, Patentee.
e
In witness whereof, T, the said Robert Miller, have hereunto set my
band and seal at Glasgow, the Twenty-first day of October, in tho
year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and ninety-six.
Signed, sealed, and delivered (being first duly
stamped) in the presence
ROBERT MILLER. (L.s.)
WILLIAM MODOWALL, Jun'.
DAY HORT MCDOWALL, Jun'.
ROBERT MILLER. (L.s.)
Signed, sealed, and delivered (being first duly
stamped in the presence
WILLIAM MODOWALL, Jun'.
DAY HORT MCDOWALL, Jun'.
William MacDowall, Junior, of Glasgow, maketh oath and saith. that he did
see Robert Miller in the deed poll hereunto annexed, sign, soal, and as his act
and deed, in due form of law, deliver the said deed poll, and at the same time,
WILLIAM MODOWALL, Jun'.
DAY HORT MCDOWALL, Jun'.
William MacDowall, Junior, of Glasgow, maketh oath and saith. that he did
see Robert Miller in the deed poll hereunto annexed, sign, soal, and as his act
and deed, in due form of law, deliver the said deed poll, and at the same time,

page_text: subscribe and indorse his name on the Drawing of the loom mentioned and
referred to in the said deed poll, in the presence of Day Hort McDowall,
Jun. and this deponent, and that the name, Robert Miller, appearing to be set
and subscribed at the foot of the said deed poll, as the party executing the
same, and indorsed on the said Drawing referred to in the said deed poll, and
Day Hort McDowall, Jun'. and William McDowall, Jun'. set and subscribed
to the said deed poll as witnesses attesting the due execution of the same, and
the said Robert Miller's subscribing and indorsing his name on the said
Drawing, are of the respective proper hands writing of the said Robert Miller,
Day Hort McDowall, Jun., and this deponent.
WILLIAM MCDOWALL, JUN'.
Sworn at Glasgow, the Twenty-first day of October, One thousand seven
hundred and ninety-six, before James McDowall, Lord Provost & Chief
Magistrate.