and other Forms.
Year: 1899

page_text: and other Forms.
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of Birkbeck Bank Chambers, Southampton Buildings, in the
County of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare' the nature of this
invention (as communicated to me from abroad by The Farbwerke vormals Meister
Lucius & Brüning, of Hoechst /Main, in the Empire of Germany, Chemical
Manufacturers) to be as follows:-
In the manufacture of celluloid, experiments for substituting for camphor a cheap
and inodorous equivalent have hitherto met with little practical result, because the
properties required in a substitute for camphor are numerous, and hitherto, camphor
alone has been found to include all these properties. The carboxylic acid amides,
such as acetanilide, acettoluidide, have proved absolutely useless as a substitute for
camphor as their dissolving power for the nitrocellulose is too low and thus they
finally crystallise, giving a dull appearance to goods manufactured with them.
My foreign correspondents have found that certain derivatives of aromatic
sulphonic acids may be employed as substitutes for camphor. For instance, the
derivatives obtained from the by-products formed in the manufacture of saccharine,
the para-toluenesulphonic-chloride derivatives such as alkyl para-toluenesulphonate,
ethyl para-toluenesulphonate, glyceryl-para-toluenesulphonate, alphyl-para-toluene-
sulphonate, phenyl-para-toluenesulphonate, cresyl-para-toluenesulphonate etc., para-
toluenesulphonamides such as para-toluenesulphanilide para-toluenesulph-ortho
(meta- or para-)-toluidide, para-toluenesulphethylanilide and para-toluene-sulphonic
alkyl- and dialkyl-amides are all capable of serving as a substitute for camphor.in the
manufacture of celluloid.
The process for producing films, pellicles or the like on materials, such as raw
photographic paper, consists in treating the nitrocellulose dissolved in ether-alcohol,
amyl-alcohol, acetic-ether, wood spirit etc.), with one of the sulphonic derivatives
above mentioned and then drying it; in order however, to obtain a celluloid-like
substance, the process consists in substituting in the usual celluloid manufacture. (as,
for instance, allowing to swell up in ether, kneading under water, condensing under
pressure, rolling out etc.) wholly or partly for the camphor such a sulphonic
derivative. Cloth may also be impregnated in this manner..
11
1000

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Celluloid in Films, Pellicles,
and other Forms.
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of Birkbeck Bank Chambers, Southampton Buildings, in the
County of London, Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention (as communicated to me from abroad by The Farbwerke vormals, Meister
Lucius & Brüning, of Hoechst "/Main, in the Empire of Germany, Chemical
Manufacturers, and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In the manufacture of celluloid experiments for substituting for camphor a cheap
and inodorous equivalent have hitherto met with little practical result, for the
properties required in a camphor substitute are numerous, and camphor alone has
hitherto been found to include all these properties.
My foreign correspondents have found that certain derivatives of aromatic sulphonic
acids of the general formula: R-SO₂. A, either by themselves or mixed with each
other may be employed as substitutes for camphor. In the formula "R" represents
an aromatic radical or its substitution product (for instance, phenyl, tolyl, xylyl,
naphthyl, nitrophenyl, nitrotolyl, alkyloxyphenyl etc.), and "A" represents either
an aliphatic or aromatic ether residue such as o- alkyl or residue of mono- or
polyvalent, alcohol, for instance, CH₂OH, CH₂OH, C₂H.CH₂OH, CH₂(OH)-
CH(OH) CH₂(OH) etc., and o- alphyl or residue of a mono- or polyvalent phenol,
such as phenol, naphthol, cresol, resorcinol, dioxydiphenylmethane etc!; or a NH₂
group, which non-substituted, may be substituted once or twice for instance;-NH₂,
N(C¸H¸)2,
113
C.H.
NHCHs7N(C,H,), - N 3 CH – NHC H – N(CH)CH, – NCH.COOC,H,
5'
-
-
-
–

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The herein described manufacture of celluloid in films, pellicles and other forms
by operating in the usual manner for preparing these, but employing aromatic
sulphonic acid derivatives derived from chlorides, esters or amides as a partial or
entire substitute for camphor.
2. Celluloid films, pellicles and other forms manufactured as above set forth.