IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING MACHINERY, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE PARTLY
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Jackson Ashworth, of the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING MACHINERY, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE PARTLY
TUT
Sealed the 1st June 1866, and dated the 5th December 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Jackson Ashworth
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
5th December 1865.
I, JOHN JACKSON ASHWORTH, of the City of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING MACHINERY, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE PARTLY
APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING," to be as follows:-
This Invention is particularly applicable to what is commonly called the
pin-winding frame, which is employed for winding the yarn or weft from the
hank on to the pin bobbins for the weaver. Owing to the conical form of
the pin bobbins the speed at which the threads are wound upon such bobbins
is constantly varying, whereby a considerable amount of breakage is caused,
so that it becomes almost impracticable to wind some descriptions of weft
upon this machine.

page_text: Now these improvements consist in causing the spindles on which the
bobbins are mounted to vary their speed according as the thread is being
wound upon the larger or smaller diameter of the bobbins, so that the yarn
or weft may be always taken up at an uniform speed, and consequently as the
strain upon the threads is always equal less breakage occurs, and I am enabled
to wind more yarn and to make a harder bobbin. I effect this by mounting
the spindles vertically in "wharves," which are driven by friction wheels
situated upon an horizontal driving shaft, so that the peripheries of the
friction wheels on the driving shaft are at right angles to and in frictional
contact with the under surface of the "wharves." which drive the spindles,
and I cause the driving shaft to travel backwards and forwards by means of a
disc working at the end of an horizontal shaft at right angles to the driving
shaft, which disc has a cam groove or groove nearly appoximating to the
shape of a heart cut on its outer surface, in which groove a small wheel
revolving upon a stud attached to a loose collar upon the driving shaft works,
so that as such cam shaft revolves the groove impinges against the stud upon
the driving shaft, and causes such shaft to move backwards and forwards at a
suitable varying speed to suit the shape of the bobbins, and thus the friction
wheels upon the driving shaft alter their position with regard to being nearer
to and farther from the centres of the spindle "wharves," thereby producing
the necessary variation in the speed of the said "wharves" according as the
thread is being wound upon the larger or smaller diameter of the bobbins,.
and the thread guider is also connected with the cam shaft, so as to rise and
fall with a varying velocity to suit the requisite shape of the bobbins. When
it is necessary to stop a "wharve" so as to take out a bobbin in case of the
yarn breaking small levers are provided, working upon fixed studs or pins,
which raise the "wharves" off the friction wheels by means of pressure
applied by the hand on the other end of the levers. It will be readily apparent
that these improvements are partly applicable to machinery for spinning and
doubling.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Jackson Ashworth in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 5th June 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
JACKSON ASHWORTH, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, 8
Manufacturer, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of December, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of ITer
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and, grant unto me,
the said John Jackson Ashworth, Her special license that I, the said John
Jackson Ashworth, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said John Jackson Ashworth, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING MACHINERY, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS
ARE PARTLY APPLICABLE TO MACHINERY FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said John Jackson Ashworth, my
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
1
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Jackson Ashworth, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the samė
is to be performed; to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
This Invention is particularly applicable to what is commonly called the
pin-winding frame, which is employed for winding the yarn or weft from the
bank on to the pin bobbins for the weaver. Owing to the conical form of
the pin bobbins the speed at which the threads are wound upon such bobbins
is constantly varying, whereby a considerable amount of breakage is caused,
so that it becomes almost impracticable to wind some descriptions of weft
upon this machine.
Now these improvements consist in causing the spindles on which the
bobbins are mounted to vary their speed according as the thread is being
wound upon the larger or smaller diameter of the bobbins, so that yarn may
be always taken up at an uniform speed, and consequently the strain upon
the threads being always equal less breakage occurs, and I am enabled to
wind more yarn and to make a harder bobbin. I effect this by mounting the
spindles vertically in wharves, which are driven by friction wheels situated
pon au horizontal driving shaft, so that the peripheries of the friction wheels

page_text: on the driving shaft are at right angles to and in frictional contact with the
under surface of the wharves which drive the spindles, and I cause the
driving shaft to travel backwards and forwards by means of a disc working
at the end of an horizontal shaft at right angles to the driving shaft, which
disc has a cam groove nearly approximating to the shape of a heart cut on
its outer surface, in which groove a small bowl revolving upon a stud attached
to a loose collar upon the driving shaft works, so that as such cam, shaft
revolves the groove impinges against the stud upon the driving shaft and
causes such shaft to move backwards and forwards at a suitable varying
speed to suit the cone of the bobbin, (which in the bobbins used is nearly in
the proportion of 2 to 1, that is, the horizontal shaft travels backwards and
forwards at a speed when the yarn is being put on the smaller diameter 2
times faster than when it is being put on the larger diameter of the pin
bobbin,) and thus the friction wheels upon the driving shaft alter their
position with regards to being nearer to and farther from the centres of the
spindle wharves, thereby producing the necessary variation in the speed of
the said wharves according as the thread is being wound upon the larger or
smaller diameter of the bobbins; the thread guider is also connected with
the driving shaft, so as to rise and fall with a varying velocity to suit the
requisite shape of the bobbins. When it is necessary to stop a wharve so as
to take out a bobbin in case of the yarn breaking sunall levers are provided,
working upon fixed studs or pins, which raise the wharves off the friction
wheels by means of pressure applied by the hand on the other end of the
levers.
That this my said Invention may be the more readily seen and understood
I have hereunto annexed a Sheet of Drawings illustrative of two modifications
of my improvements, like letters and figures marked thereon being used to
denote similar parts.
Fig. 1 represents a front elevation, Fig. 2 an end elevation, and Fig. 3
is a plan of a pin-winding machine having one modification of my improve-
ments applied thereto, drawn to a scale of about one inch and a half to a foot;
Fig. 4 illustrates a view of the cam, herein-after more fully described,
represented about full size; Fig. 5 is a side view, and Fig. 6 a plan of a
modification of my improved frictional gearing for driving the spindles in
a pin-winding frame, drawn about full size.
A represents the cast-iron framework bolted together in the ordinary manner
in which is mounted the driving shaft B, which communicates revolving motion
to the spindle shafts C by means of the strap D passing round the large
pulley E and smaller pulleys F, and also to the cam shaft G by means of the

page_text: worm H and worm wheel I. The cam shaft G revolves in bearings in
the brackets J, and is provided with cams K at either extremity, in which
cams are cut suitably formed grooves for bowls mounted upon studs projecting
from the sleeves L to work, and which sleeves are prevented from turning by
passing through square adjustable bearings L' formed in the end of the
framework. The end of the spindle shafts C pass through the sleeves L, and
have washers and nuts at their outer ends, and collars at the other ends of the
sleeves, so that such shafts can revolve in the sleeves and still traverse back-
wards and forwards with such sleeves by the action of the cam impinging
against the studs projecting from such sleeves. The friction wheels M are
secured to and revolve with the spindle shafts, and may be covered with
leather or other suitable material to increase the friction if necessary. The
spindle wharves N are mounted upon vertical hollow studs affixed to the
rail O at right angles to the friction wheels M, and such wharves are in
frictional contact with the friction wheels, and are used for turning the
spindles P which carry the pin bobbins Q in the ordinary manner. The
thread guider R is worked as thus described :-The spindle shaft C passes
through the sleeve S, which is provided with an inclined plane T, on which
a bowl U mounted upon an adjustable stud on a connecting rod works;
which connecting rod is jointed by an adjustable arrangement to an arm
secured to the thread guider shaft V, so that as the spindle shaft C traverses.
the bowl U ascends and descends on the inclined surface T, thus working the
thread guider R at a suitable proportionate speed, the throw of which can be
adjusted to the greatest nicety. The sleeve is prevented from turning with
the spindle shaft C by having a projection on its under side, which slides in
a slot formed in the bracket projecting from the frame side, and the con-
necting rod
works up and down in a hole formed in the same bracket.
illustrates a small lever (which may be applied to every spindle) working
upon a stud projecting from the under surface of the rail O, by means of which
by pressure applied by the hand of the winder the individual spindle wharve
is caused to rise from being in frictional contact with the friction wheel M
when it becomes necessary to stop a spindle in case of breakage or from any
other cause. The action of this modification of my improvements may be thus
described: Tho driving shaft B communicates revolving motion to the cam
and spindle shafts by the gearing herein-before described, and as the yarn is
being wound upon the pin bobbins the spindle shafts C traverse backwards
and forwards by the action of the cams K, thus bringing the friction wheels M
nearer to and farther from the centres of the wharves N, and so varying the
speed of the spindles, so that they always take up the same length of yarn in

page_text: the same space of time, whether winding at the larger or smaller diameter of the
bobbins, and the thread guider R being connected as herein-before described
to the spindle shaft adjusts or lays the yarn upon the pin bobbins in an uniform
manner at the same time.
In Fig. 4 is illustrated the cam groove W, the shape and pitch of which
I have found to be suitable for the purpose of traversing the spindle shaft for
driving the pin-bobbin spindles by friction to suit the varying speed necessary to
keep yarn in a proper state of tension whilst it is being wound upon the
larger or smaller diameter of the bobbins.
In Figs. 5 and 6 is illustrated an arrangement of mechanism for working
the spindles in a pin-winding machine by bevelled friction gearing. ✗ repre-
sents a hollow stud secured in a vertical position to the cross rail Y, upon
which the bush Z is mounted, carrying upon its periphery or outer side the
bevelled friction wharve a, which by means of the set screw b, working in the
slot formed in the bush Z, connects them together, so that one cannot
revolve without the other, whilst at the same time the bevelled friction wharve
a is free to rise and fall. The spindle driving shaft c traverses backwards and
forwards in the same manner as that illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, and 3, and the
bevelled friction wheel d advances and recedes, thus causing the bevelled
friction wharve a to rise and fall upon the bush Z, and thus the revolving
motion of the spindle is produced; the reason of such rising and falling is
obviously for the purpose of keeping the spindle socket f at one uniform height.
This bevelled friction gearing is more particularly applicable in cases where
more friction is necessary to drive the spindles than can be obtained by the
modification illustrated by Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
It is advisable in constructing a pin-winding machine according to this
Invention to arrange the spindles so that those on one side of the frame may
be working at their slowest speed whilst those on the other side are at their
quickest speed, and thus the power will be more equally distributed and the
machine kept steadier.
By means of this Invention I am enabled to wind linen and cotton yarn
upon the same frame, as the taking up of the thread is so uniform that the
same speed is applicable to both yarns, and for this purpose the hangers g
of the rices h are arranged for two different sizes, as illustrated, whilst at the
same time a harder bobbin is produced, and consequently more yarn is wound 8
upon the same space, and considerably less breakage occurs.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my
said Invention, together with the best methods with which I am acquainted
for carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly under-

page_text: stood that I do not confine myself to the precise details, relative proportions, or
dimensions herein-before described and illustrated, as the same may be
considerably varied without departing from the Invention, nor am I un-
mindful that attempts have hitherto been made to drive the spindles in a
pin-winding machine by friction; but what I claim as novel and of my
Invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,—
Firstly, the general arrangement, combination, and construction of the
various parts of the mechanism for causing the spindle shaft C to traverse
backwards and forwards at the necessary varying speed to suit the conical
form of the pin bobbins, together with the peculiar form of cam groove
illustrated by Fig. 4, as herein-before described and fully set forth, or any
mere modification of the same.
Secondly, the peculiar method of and combination of mechanism for
working the thread guider R, as herein-before described and fully set forth,
or any mere modification of the same.
Thirdly, and lastly, the peculiar arrangement of bevilled frictional gearing
for driving the spindles in a pin-winding machine, as illustrated by Figs. 5
and 6, or any mere modification of the same.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Jackson Ashworth, have here-
unto set my hand and affixed my soal, this Fourth day of June, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
JOHN JACKSON (L.s.) ASHWORTH.
Witness,
JOHN G. WILSON,
Patent Office,
8, St. James's Square,
Manchester.