Novel or Improved Appliances for Use with Open Fire-grates, for the Purpose, mainly, of Deflecting the Heat into the Apartments in which the Grates are used.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Feb., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Nov., 189-Accepted, 7th Dec., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Novel or Improved Appliances for Use with Open Fire-grates, for
the Purpose, mainly, of Deflecting the Heat into the Apartments
in which the Grates are used.
I, GEORGE MILNER, of Sandhurst, Compton Road, Wolverhampton in the
County of Stafford, Works Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has for its object novel or improved appliances for use with open
fire-grates, for the purpose mainly of deflecting the heat into the apartments in
which the grates are used; but has the subsidiary object of economising fuel by
ensuring a slower combustion in the grates.
An appliance constructed according to this invention is made preferably in sheet
or thin plate metal such, for instance, as iron or copper sheet or plate. According
to a very simple form, it may consist of a plain sheet simply bent into a curved
form downwards and having ears projecting one at each end of the upper edge.
The appliance is placed in position by hanging it, by means of the ears, on the
tops of the two side plates or jambs of the grate and allowing the bottom edge to
rest against the back of the grate. The top edge of the appliance may be kept
weil forwards, and the appliance curves outwards and then backwards towards its
pass in
bottom edge, and thus the products of combustion a curved direction up the
front thereof on their way to the somewhat restricted opening to the chimney
which results from the forward position of the appliance at the top, and the heat is
deflected from the curved surface outwards into the apartment.
The appliance may be formed corrugated or buckled to give increased strength
compared with its weight, or may be stiffened in any convenient manner; and the
ears may be either formed in one piece of sheet metal with the plate or main
portion of the appliance, or may be formed separately and subsequently fixed
thereto.
An appliance constructed according to this invention may be readily made to a
size to suit existing grates, and as an accurate fit is not necessary an appliance of a
It may be
given size may be used with grates varying somewhat in dimensions.
made in two main portions which overlap at their adjacent edges and are joined
together by bolts passing through slotted holes, or in other convenient manner,
which permits of the parts being moved outwards or inwards in relation to one
another, whereby the width or depth (accordingly as the joint is downwards or
transverse) may be readily adjusted. The appliance may be correspondingly
divided both downwards and transversely into four main portions, and thus may be
adjusted both as to width and depth. If there is a suitable provision for resting
the ears of the appliance upon, such as the tops of the side plates of register or
sham register grates, no preparation of the grates is required to receive the
appliance; but if there is no provision for hanging the appliance, suitable hooks or
other means for the purpose must of course be provided.
Din and der of Wohmuary 1805
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: Novel or Improved Appliances for Use with Open Fire-grates, for
the Purpose, mainly, of Deflecting the Heat into the Apartments
in which the Grates are used.
I, GEORGE MILNER, of Sandhurst, Compton Road, Wolverhampton in the
County of Stafford, Works Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This invention has for its object novel or improved appliances for use with open
fire-grates, for the purpose mainly of deflecting the heat into the apartments in
which the grates are used; but has the object also of economising fuel by ensuring
a slower combustion in the grates. According to a very simple form, it may
consist of a plain sheet bent transversely to a shape which, as seen in side
elevation is convex (or of other shape projected forwards between the top and
bottom) at the front, with ears projecting one at each end of the upper edge. The
appliance is placed in position by hanging it, by means of the ears, on the tops of
the two side plates or jambs of the grate and allowing the bottom edge to rest
against the back of the grate. The products of combustion pass up the surface of
the front of the appliance on their way to the somewhat restricted opening or
passage-way to the chimney which results from the projection of the appliance
below such opening, and thus a slow combustion and consequent economy of fuel
are ensured in combination with increased efficiency owing to the heat being
deflected from the surface of the appliance into the apartment..
If there is suitable provision for resting the ears of the appliance upon, such as
the tops of the side plates of a register or sham-register grate, no preparation of
the grate is required to receive the appliance; but if there is no provision for
hanging the appliance, suitable hooks or other means for the purpose must of
course be provided.
An appliance constructed according to this invention is illustrated, by way of
example, by the drawings herewith, of which
Figure 1 shewe, in vertical section, the appliance. when placed in position in
relation to a grate ;
Figure 2 is a front elevation of the upper portion of Figure 1, the grate front
being removed to fully expose the appliance;
Figure 3 is a plan view of the appliance and top of the grate; and
Figure is an enlarged section of a portion of the upper side, including the
upper edge, of the appliance.
A is the appliance, shewn as made in sheet metal. B is the portion of the grate
where the fuel is burnt, the bottom grid being omitted and only the two upper
bars being shewn, for convenience of illustration. C C are the sides of the
grate, which usually open out from one another forwards. D is the upper portion
of the back of the grate. a a are the ears of the appliance which rest, as shewn,
on the tops of the sides C C of the grate. The lower edge c of the appliance
rests, as shewn, against the back D of the grate. If, as is usual, the appliance is
required for a grate of which the sides open out as shewn, it is formed widening
out forwards as shewn. It is preferred, except when an appliance is intended only
to suit a special size of grate, to make it adjustable' as to width; and this is readily
effected by making one part d of the appliance a sliding fit within grooves e formed
by turning over the top and bottom edges of the other partidof the appliance.
As there is no tendency when in use for the parts of the appliance to slip in
relation to one another,,no means other than the grooves are required to hold the
parts together.

page_text: To adapt an appliance for use with grates varying in the height of the side
plates, a second pair of ears forward of the ears a a may be provided, by means of
which the appliance may be supported. These latter ears are pivoted to the
appliance, and when not in use are turned back to be out of the way. A pair of
such ears ff are shewn. In Figures 2 and 3 they are shewn (by broken lines) as
turned back behind the appliance. These cars may be turned directly outwards
into line with one another for resting upon their supports, or may be moved into
any angle with such line as may be required to suit the special form of grate with
which the appliance is used. The ears a a may be formed in the same piece of
metal from which they project, as indicated in the illustrations, or may be formed
separately and subsequently fixed thereto.
The appliance may, if desired, be formed with corrugations or buckled to give
increased strength compared with its weight, or may be stiffened in any convenient
manner; but such is not necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An appliance, for use with an open fire-grate, formed with a front of convex
shape (or of other shape projected forwards between the top and bottom), and
adapted to be removably hung upon the tops of the grate sides or upon other
support and bear along its lower edge against the back of the grate, substantially
as described.
2. An appliance, for use with an open fire-grate, formed of sheet or thin plate
metal bent transversely to a shape which, as seen in side elevation, is convex (or of
other shape projected forwards between the top and bottom) at the front, and
provided with ears by which it may be removably hung on the tops of the grate
sides or other support and the lower edge allowed to bear against the back of the
grate, substantially as described.
3. An appliance, for use with an open fire-grate, formed of sheet or thin plate
metal bent transversely to a shape which, as seen in side elevation, is convex (or of
other shape projected forward between the top and bottom) at the front, and
provided with means by which it may be removably hung on the tops of the grate
sides or other supports and the lower edge allowed to bear against the back of the
grate, and made in two parts of which one is capable of sliding in relation to
the other to admit of the appliance being adjusted as to width, substantially as
described.
4. An appliance for use with an open fire-grate, substantially as described and
shewn by the drawings herewith.
Dated this 1st day of November 1895.
STEPHEN WATKINS,
Wolverhampton, Agent for the Applicant.