THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING SUGAR
Year: 1882

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Carl Scheibler at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 4th March 1882.
CARL SCHEIBLER, Doctor of philosophy of Berlin, Germany
IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING SUGAR,"
"IMPROVEMENTS
The strontian sugar precipitated in the boiling from molasses or syrup by means
of caustic strontium has heretofore after the separation and rinsing been laid in
rectangular flat boxes poured over with a strontian solution or with water and
left to cool. In the new "Zeitschrift fur Rübenzucker-Industrie" Volume VIII
published by me I have on page 5 sections III and IV described this mode of
operation which aims at the recovery from the saccharate of strontium of a part
of the strontian in crystallized form Sr (OH), + 8 H, O, in order to apply it to
a fresh precipitation of sugar from molasses. The mode of operation heretofore
used has however in practice been found to possess defects which it would appear
desirable to obviate. These defects are mainly,
-
1. That a part of the strontian crystals separated from the sugar solution
contained in the cooled saccharate by washing on a sieve and by the operation in
the centrifugal machine are lost in and with the slime.
2. That much rinsing water has to be used which dilutes the separated sugar
juice unnecessarily.
3. That these operations entail unavoidable losses of strontian as well as of
sugar solution by spluttering and otherwise, and that the hands of the workmen
are constantly exposed to the caustic action of the sugar lyes and that in fact these
stages of operation are the dirtiest in the whole manufacture.
These defects are obviated by allowing the saccharate precipitated at boiling
heat to cool down in compact masses without the addition of water and by then
only subjecting it to a systematic lixiviation. The strontium saccharate as it is

page_text: obtained from the molasses is after sufficient purifying by treating with strontian
solution on an average composed as follows.
Oxide of strontium.
18 to 19 per cent
100 100
The quantity of water in this saccharate is more than enough in order with the
available oxide of strontium to form crystals of the hydrate Sr (OH), + 8 H₂ O, -
for the above combination may also be expressed as containing,
100 100
But from this it will be seen that the amount of water (53 to 55 per cent), is so
much more sufficient because at the cooling of the saccharate not all the oxide of
strontium but only part of same forms crystals of Sr (OH)。 + 8 H₂O, while
another part together with the sugar forms a soluble saccharate.
The compact masses of saccharate removed from the suction filters consist after
cooling of a light but coherent mass of crystals of Sr(OH), + 8 H₂O saturated
like a sponge with a concentrated solution of a fluid saccharate.
On the above observation I have based the following process:-
The saccharate of strontium obtained from the molasses is without any addition
of water left to cool and then about 24 hours after lixiviated in suitable lixiviating
apparatus with cold water or cold strontian solution so systematically that the
lixiviation liquid enters into that vessel where the washing has been most advanced
while the resultant solutions pass over in numerical order from one lixiviating
vessel into the other and leave the lixiviating apparatus from the last vessel, which
bas previously been filled afresh with cooled saccharate, in the form of a concentrated
saccharate solution.
Any of the existing systems with open or closed lixiviating apparatus as applied
in connection with maceration diffusion or elution may be used for this lixiviation
on the principle of opposing currents. The saccharate to be lixiviated may be put
into the apparatus either directly in pieces or it may be placed in boxes with sieve
bottoms. Or it may while still warm and plastic be put into moulds of tile or
other form which are then lixiviated.
The cooled saccharate may however also by means of the centrifugal machine
be divided into crystals of Sr (OH), + 8 H. O and into a soluble saccharate.
By whichever of the systems named the lixiviation be effected on the one band
a solution is obtained which for one molecule of sugar contains approximately
, molecule of strontian, and on the other hand 1%, molecule of the originally
existing oxide of strontium as crystals of Sr (O H), + 8 H₂O in the form of pieces
or tiles remains in the lixiviating vessels as coherent masses.
Sometimes when the obtained solution of the liquid saccharate is too concentrated
a monosaccharate of strontium С₁ H₂ О₁ + Sг O + x H. O separates itself there-
from in the form of white masses. Its formation which should be avoided does
not occur with a well regulated process of lixiviation, but it will occur when from
some cause the lixiviating battery has been left to itself for some time. When
stoppages happen the formation of this monosaccharate is prevented by letting
the concentrated lyes run out of the vessels in question or by driving them out
quickly by means of thinner lyes or by water. But this monosaccharate will if
once formed gradually disappear as such by the progressive lixiviation.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent led by
the said Carl Scheibler in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 2nd September
1882.
CARL SCHEIBLER, Doctor of Philosophy of Berlin Germany
IN THE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING SUGAR."
"IMPROVEMENTS
The strontian sugar precipitated in the boiling from molasses or syrup by means
of caustic strontium has heretofore after the separation and rinsing been laid in
rectangular flat boxes poured over with a strontian solution or with water and left
to cool. In the new Zeitschrift für Rübenzucker-Industrie volume VIII published
by me I have on page 5 sections III and IV described this mode of operation
which aims at the recovery from the saccharate of strontium of a part of the
strontian in crystallized form Sr (OH), + 8 H, O, in order to apply it to a fresh
precipitation of sugar from molasses. The mode of operation heretofore used has
however in practice been found to possess defects which it would appear desirable
to obviate. These defects are mainly:
1. That a part of the strontian crystals separated from the sugar solution
contained in the cooled saccharate by washing on a sieve and by the operation in
the centrifugal machine are lost in and with the slime.
2. That much rinsing water has to be used which dilutes the separated sugar
juice unnecessarily.
3. That these operations entail unavoidable losses of strontian as well as of sugar
solution by splattering and otherwise, and that the hands of the workmen are
constantly exposed to the caustic action of the sugar lyes and that in fact these
stages of operation are the dirtiest in the whole manufacture.
These defects are obviated by allowing the saccharate precipitated at boiling
heat to cool down in compact masses without the addition of water and by then.
only subjecting it to a systematic lixiviation. The strontium saccharate as it is
obtained from the molasses after sufficient purifying, by treating with strontian
solution, on an average composed as follows:-
Oxide of strontium
-
18 to 19 per cent.
But from this it will be seen that the amount of water (53 to 55 per cent) is so
much more sufficient because at the cooling of the saccharate not all the oxide of
strontium but only part of same forms crystals of Sr (O H), + 8 H₂O, while another
part together with the sugar forms a soluble saccharate.
The compact masses of saccharate removed from the suction filters con sist after
cooling of a light but coherent mass of crystals of Sr (OH), + 8 H, O saturated
like a sponge with a concentrated solution of a fluid saccharate.
On the above observation I have based the following process:
The saccharate of strontium obtained from the molasses is without any addition

page_text: of water left to cool and then about 24 hours after lixivated in suitable lixiviating
apparatus with cold water or cold strontian solution so systematically that the
lixiviation liquid enters into that vessel where the washing has been most advanced
while the resultant solutions pass over in numerical order from one lixiviating
vessel into the other and leave the lixiviating apparatus from the last vessel, which
has previously been filled afresh with cooled saccharate, in the form of a con-
centrated saccharate solution. Any of the existing systems with open or closed
lixiviating apparatus as applied in connection with maceration diffusion or elution
may be used for this lixiviation on the principle of opposing currents.
saccharate to be lixiviated may be put into the apparatus either directly in pieces
or it may be placed in boxes with sieve bottoms. Or it may while still warm and
plastic be put into moulds of tile or other form which are then lixiviated.
The
The cooled saccharate may however also by means of the centrifugal machine be
divided into crystals of Sr (OH)2 + 8 H₂O and into a soluble saccharate.
By whichever of the systems named the lixiviation be effected on the one hand
a solution is obtained which for one molecule of sugar contains approximately
/rds molecule of strontian, and on the other hand 1, molecule of the originally
existing oxide of strontium as crystals of Sr (O H), +8 H₂ O in the form of pieces
or tiles remains in the lixiviating vessels as coherent masses.
Sometimes when the obtained solution of the liquid saccharate is too concentrated
a mono saccharate of strontium C₁₂ H₂ Oμ + Sr O + XH, O separates itself there-
from in the form of white masses. Its formation which should be avoided does not
occur with a well regulated process of lixiviation, but it will occur when from
some cause the lixiviating battery has been left to itself for some time. When
stoppages happen the formation of this monosaccharate is prevented by letting the
concentrated lyes run out of the vessels in question or by driving them out quickly
by means of thinner lyes or by water. But this mono saccharate will if once
formed gradually disappear as such by the progressive lixiviation.
The advantages of the herein before described process for separating the saccharate
precipitated from molasses or syrups are as follows:-
a, Obtaining the sugar of this saccharate as a concentrated solution containing
only little strontian and involving only small expense in evaporation after the
saturation.
b, Regaining a maximum of strontian in crystals for fresh sugar precipitations
from molasses.
c Cleanliness in the lixiviation; avoidance of mechanical losses of sugar and
strontian; less labour; smaller working staff, and savings contingent thereon.
And having thus described and ascertained the nature of this invention and the
manner of carrying the same into effect I declare that I claim :-
First The process of separating the strontian saccharate, precipitated while hot,
after it has cooled down, by the systematic lixiviation with water or cold saturated
strontian solution in the ordinary lixiviating apparatus or centrifugal extractor.
Second-The rendering of the strontian saccharate, while yet warm and plastic,
into the shape of bricks or other forms for the purpose of the lixiviation named in
the preceding claim.
In witness whereof I the said Carl Scheibler have hereunto set my hand and
seal this Twentysixth day of August in the year of Our Lord One thousand