matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Celestin Malo, of the firm of Malo and Com-
pany, of Dunkerque, in the Empire of France, Ship Builders, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS."
Sealed the 27th April 1853, and dated the 19th January 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Celestin Malo at the
Office of the Commissioners, of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th January 1853.
I, CELESTIN MALO, of the firm of Malo and Company, of Dunkerque,
in the Empire of France, Ship Builders, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM GENERATORS" to be as
follows:-
In lieu of operating upon a large body of water, as is usual in steam
generators, I only bring comparatively a small quantity of water under
the immediate action of the fire, which upon being vaporized passes
into the engine, and is replaced by a fresh supply. The furnace or fire
place is conical, and is fed at or over the top. It is surrounded by another

page_text: conical vessel in which is a spiral water and steam way, terminating at
bottom in a steam pipe leading to the engine, while at top it is open
to receive a supply of water, which is conveyed into a pipe surrounding
the chimney or funnel, so that the water before entering the spiral water
way in the conical vessel surrounding the fire place is partially heated.
To provide against the pressure of the steam in the spiral steam way
being too great the inner side of the vessel is provided with a plate of
fusible metal, which is opposite an aperture in the conical fire place.
Should the steam attain a pressure greater than that the fusible metal
plates are calculated to resist they would become fused, and the steam
rushing through them would extinguish the fire. The conical fire place
is capable of being lowered from the conical water and steam vessel, so
as to admit air, and moderate the heat, without lessening the fire, an
arrangement which would be highly useful in the case of locomotives,
where required to stand any time in a siding, also in steam vessels
where making a long stoppage: Outside of the conical water and steam
vessel, and winding spirally round it, is a metal pipe containing mercury,
or a metal rod, which, expanding or contracting with the dilatation of the
metal consequent on the heat employed, is connected with a valve or
slide, and regulates the admission of water to the pipe surrounding the
chimney; a water gauge is fitted to this pipe to shew the level of the
water therein.
IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR FORGING METALS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Colt, of Spring Gardens, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
MACHINERY FOR FORGING METALS."-Partly a communication.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Colt at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3d March 1853.
I, SAMUEL COLT, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVED MACHINERY FOR FORGING METALS" to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction of machinery, wherein
forge hammers or dies are raised to any desired elevation, and guided
in their descent, so that by one blow the heated metal under operation
may be struck into the required form; or, when the work is more
complex, the metal may be subjected to different dies or hammers in
succession, to bring it up to shape at one heating.
For this purpose a vertical standard, rising from a bed piece fitted
with dies or blocks to withstand the blow of the descending hammers,

page_text: is provided, and, in the standards, two, three, or more pairs of vertical
guides are formed.
In these guides the ascending and descending hammers move, their
upward traverse being effected by a central screw shaft, into the thread
of which a sliding tooth attached to the hammer takes. The continuous
rotation of the shaft will lift the hammers, severally, into contact with
a stationary lock, by which they will be respectively held in suspension.
The plates which hold these locks are capable of being set to any
required elevation to suit the fall of the hammer, the depth of which
fall will be determined according to the work in hand.
When a hammer has been raised to the required height its sliding
tooth is thrown out of contact with the screw shaft, and the hammer
is supported in its raised position by the lock taking on to the outer
end of the sliding tooth. At this time the hammer is rendered inde-
pendent of the screw shaft, and it will be capable of falling past it
when the lock which holds the hammer in suspension is withdrawn
therefrom.
The descent of the hammer or die is effected either by hand or
mechanical means, while the heated metal is presented to the nation
of the dies, the lock for this purpose being thrown out of connexion
with the sliding tooth of the hammer.
When the hammer has fallen, the central rotating screw will again
act upon it, and raise it, as before, up to the lock, which will hold it in
its elevated position, ready for repeating the blow at the will of the
operator.
A GRINDING MACHINE
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Frederick Cashin
and Joseph Stirk at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 26th January 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
We, THOMAS FREDERICK CASHIN, Civil Engineer, and JOSEPH
STIRK, Mechanical Engineer, of Sheffield, in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A GRINDING
MACHINE" to be asfollows:-
It consists of a horizontal bed, fixed or moveable; for grinding
circular saws, a bed revolving on a vertical shaft; for grinding
common saws, or peculiar articles of a uniform character, a fixed
indented bed; and for ordinary purposes a plain fixed bed; and of a
grinding stone attached to a vertical revolving shaft, which works
in a sliding head stock, that moves horizontally on dovetailed bed
plates, so that the grinding stone, the face of which, not the edge as
at present, forms the grinding surface, passes over the whole of the
bed on which are laid the articles to be ground.
The framework consists of two cast iron trusses with moveable top
plates, planed straight, or curved in the direction of their length,
to form beds or slides. These trusses are connected by transverse

page_text: ties and tie beams, which have affixed to them bushed sockets and
screws, to adjust the vertical shaft or axle to which the bed plate
is attached, so that when circular saws are being ground, the stone
moving horizontally over the bed plate thrown slightly out of
perpendicular, leaves the surface thicker or thinner as may be
required near the outer circumference than at the centre. The
head stock which moves on the beds or slides of the side trusses
are fitted with bushed sockets and screw bolts, so that the vertical
shaft or axle to which the grinding stone is affixed may be adjusted
or thrown out of perpendicular, to grind a large level surface; the
beds or slides may also be adjusted or thrown out of level, to com-
municate to the stone a direct or eccentric motion. When hand
saws or other articles of a uniform character are to be ground, the
bed plate is indented or toothed, so that the stone moving horizon-
tally over the surface may grind a number of articles with the
backs thinner than the cutting edge as required.
What we claim as our Invention is the mode of grinding by a
horizontal motion all plain and bevelled surfaces the adoption of
a bed plate fixed or in motion, and of a stone working horizontally
in water or otherwise on its face.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BANDS, BELTS, AND STRAPS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Wilkinson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
11th October 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLIAM WILKINSON, of the Town and County of the Town of
Nottingham, Framework Knitter, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BANDS, BELTS, AND STRAPS " to be
as follows:-
I manufacture my improved bands, belts, and straps, for whatever
purposes the same may be applied, whether as driving bands for machi-
nery, mine straps, traces, bridles, reins, girthings, &c., by interposing
one or more layers of woven wire cloth, produced either in the ordinary
wire weaving machinery or in warp or other machinery capable of
weaving wire between flat strips of gutta percha or gutta percha
combined with other materials, and then subjecting the same while in
a warm state to pressure, so as to cause the gutta percha surfaces to
unite through the interstices of the wire cloth so as to enclose the wire

page_text: cloth between them, or I employ cement to cause the surfaces to
adhere. Instead of wire cloth I also use perforated metal, whether
copper, zinc, sheet iron, galvanized or otherwise, &c., or cloth composed
wholly of fibrous materials, or partly of wire and partly of fibrous
materials. I combine, where necessary, two or more of the said modes
of manufacturing in the same band, belt, or strap, and make the same
of any thickness that may be required.
A TWIN-STERN SHIP OR VESSEL, WITH A PROTECTED PROPELLER
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Barnes Sturdee
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 27th January 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ALFRED BARNES STURDEE, of No. 5, Samuel Street, Woolwich, in
the County of Kent, Naval Architect, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "A TWIN-STERN SHIP OR VESSEL, WITH A
PROTECTED PROPELLER," to be as follows:-
The propeller (which may be a screw or other submerged paddle)
works in a tunnel formed in the after part of the vessel, the arched
roof of which gradually descends from the stern to about amidships,
where it resolves itself into the ordinary form of the vessel's floor.
The sides of the tunnel are terminated by the sister keels and stern
posts, which are here substituted for the dispensed with midship,
stern post, and after portion of the main keel. The ship is steered
by two rudders, which may be made to work simultaneously. The
engines and boilers may be fitted in the ordinary way, and the hull
can be constructed either of iron or wood. The protected propeller

page_text: can be applied to vessels, either for ocean or river navigation, and
so fitted that it may be raised through a trunk or well formed in the
roof of the tunnel when required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR COMBING FLAX, Tow, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Garth Marshall, Flax Spinner, and
Peter Fairbairn, Machinist, both of Leeds, in the County of
York, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
COMBING FLAX, Tow, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 13th January 1854, and dated the 21st October 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Garth
Marshall and Peter Fairbairn at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their. Petition, on the 21st October 1853.
We, JAMES GARTH MARSHALL and PETER FAIRBAIRN, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY FOR COMBING FLAX, Tow, WOOL, AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES "
to be as follows:-
Our improvements in machinery for combing flax, tow, wool, and
other fibrous substances relates to certain additions to and modifica-
tions of a machine described in the Specification of a Patent granted

page_text: in England on the 25th February 1846 to Josué Heilmann, for pre-
paring to be spun cotton, wool, and other fibrous substances. The
novel features which we have invented apply to the same principle or
construction of machine as that mentioned above, and consist, firstly, in
combining the principal working parts of several of the said machines
in one framework, and thus cause the whole to act simultaneously.
By this means a greater amount of results is obtained than if several
individual machines were worked separately. A considerable economy
of construction is effected, as by thus combining and connecting several
machines together, some of the parts may be dispensed with; the driving
power required for the combined machines is also much less than for
separate machines.
The second part of the Invention relates to a peculiar method of.
driving the feeding rollers, and consists in moving the carriage of the
drawing or feeding rollers to and fro at intervals by means of a
rocking motion, whereby the rollers are also made to rotate at intervals
for the purpose of delivering the sliver at jumps at each return of the
rotary, combs, instead of passing it in a uniform sheet. By this means
time is allowed for the return of the rotary combs, and more effective
operations are thereby produced.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Tweedale, Abraham
Alfred Tweedale, and Samuel Tweedale, at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
18th March 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Tweedale, Abraham
Alfred Tweedale, and Samuel Tweedale, at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
18th March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
We, JAMES TWEEDALE, ABRAHAM ALFRED TWEEDALE, and SAMUEL
TWEEDALE, all of Clegg Hall, Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinners, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING
COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS" to be as follows:-
Our improvements apply to that class of spinning machinery ordinarily
called or known by the name of "throstles," and are designed for the
purpose of stopping a single spindle, or any required number of spindles,
with the corresponding "drawing rollers," when required, for the
purpose of "doffing," or "piecing up," without in any way interfering
with the evolutions of the remainder of the machine. Our Invention
consists in the use or adaptation of a treadle or lever, connected to the
spindle bands" and the top drawing rollers in such a manner that

page_text: the depression of the treadle, or the movement of the lever, by the foot
or hand of the operative, shall arrest the said spindle band or bands,
and raise the top drawing rollers out of contact with the bottom drawing
rollers, and thus stop the revolution of any particular spindle, or set of
spindles, and also the delivery of yarn thereto, without interfering in
any way with the revolution of the remainder of the spindles or drawing
rollers in the machine; thus effecting a considerable economy in time
and material, and also lessening the amount of attendance required.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN CARDS FOR CARDING
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jules Roth and Henri
Danner at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 26th November 1853.
We, JULES ROTH and HENRI DANNER, of Mulhouse (France), and
of 16, Castle Street, Holborn (City), London, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN CARDS FOR
CARDING" to be as follows, viz. :-
Hitherto the materials which have been used for cards in manu-
factures have been leather, leather and wool, or india-rubber, but by
this Invention a substitute has been found which is composed in the
following manner:-The body of the material is formed of a vegetable
substance such as cotton, or animal substance such as wool or felt;
the materials are used in the form of tissues; any other stuffs may be
employed. These tissues are then covered with a mastic or varnish,
hereafter described, which is to be applied mechanically or by hand;
many coatings should be laid on so as to obtain on each side of the
stuff a very even surface. Each layer is pounced by a machine or by

page_text: hand, and is then dried in a stove or in the air. The base of the mastic
which is used is formed of siccative oils; its composition varies ac-
cording to the nature of the stuff which is used. For felt, for instance,
we prepare a siccative oil, for example, linseed oil, either with an
oxyde (such as oxyde of lead), or with a suroxyde (such as litharge),
or with a hydrate, or a salt, or even with a mixture of many of these
substances; these materials are to be well mixed. This product is then
to be used such as it is, or other substances may be added, such as
lamp black, rosin, starch, chalk, or coloring matters, which do not alter
its qualities and only serve to thicken it; this mastic is then employed
as above described.
As has been already said, the composition of the mastic which is
employed may be varied, and be more or less thick according as the stuff'
has more or less consistency. Any other mastic may be employed than
that which has been described above, of whatever nature and compo-
sition, provided it offers sufficient resistance and elasticity.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF COATING METALS, WOOD, STONE, AND PLASTER, TO PRESERVE THEM FROM DECAY
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Winspear at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th December 1853.
I, JOHN WINSPEAR, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MODE OF COATING METALS, WOOD, STONE, AND PLASTER, TO
PRESERVE THEM FROM DECAY," to be as follows:-
The main object of this Invention is to coat metallic and other
surfaces liable to decay from exposure to the weather, and thereby to
render them impervious to damp. In carrying out this Invention I
coat the metallic or other surface with a varnish composed of vegetable
or mineral gum reduced to a liquid by any suitable solvent, and while
the coating is yet moist, I apply thereto, by means of a blast of air,
powdered Roman cement, combined or not (according to circumstances)
with calcined oyster shells or other like preparation of lime. When
a great thickness of the composition is required I repeat the coat of

page_text: varnish, and the application of powdered cement one or more times
until the desired thickness is obtained. When the surface is required
to present a finished appearance, as for example, in the case of interior
walls, I employ pounded glass, borax, or ground flints, or other like
substance for effecting this end, applying it in the manner above 5
set forth.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF GRANITE AND SIMILAR SUBSTANCES TO ORNAMENTING PURPOSES AND TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Londe Tabberner,
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his l'eti-
tion, on the 7th February 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOHN LONDE TABBERNER, of Lorn Road, North Brixton, in the
County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF GRANITE AND
SIMILAR SUBSTANCES TO ORNAMENTING PURPOSES AND TO THE CONSTRUCTION
OF BUILDINGS" to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is the reduction of granite and
similar substances to a powder, and the application of such
powdered substances to the manufacture of paper hangings, to the
decoration of the walls of rooms, and the exterior of houses, and
constructions of all kinds; and also by the admixture thereof with
clay to the production of a building material never before produced,.
and which, at a slight addition to the cost of common bricks, will
produce a building material nearly equal to stone. The granite or
similar substances may be reduced by the application of the steam

page_text: hammer, or by any concussive force. The mode I have, however,
found to answer best in practice is by means of the Invention
recently patented by Captain Shrapnel, which consists in exploding
the substance to be powdered. in a closed chamber, so as at one
operation to reduce the hardest material to a powder.
AN IM- PROVEMENT IN THE MODE OF CONNECTING SHEETS OF CORRUGATED IRON, WHEN USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROOFS, IRON HOUSES, AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Maw at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 22d March
1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, EDWIN MAW, of Seacombe, in the County of Chester, Civil Engi-
neer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVEMENT IN THE MODE OF CONNECTING SHEETS OF CORRUGATED IRON, WHEN
USED IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROOFS, IRON HOUSES, AND OTHER PURPOSES,"
to be as follows:
The use of band or strips of metal in joining together sheets of
corrugated iron. The strips or bands of metal are of any required
length, corrugated or formed to suit the undulated surface of the plates
to be attached together. In using these bands or strips it is proposed
to place the sheets of corrugated iron in conjunction, edge to edge,
or so as to overlap each other; then placing the strips across the joint,
and fixing them to the plates by rivits, or any other convenient mode.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING ROADS AND STREETS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Freeman Roe at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
25th January 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, FREEMAN ROE, of the Strand, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN PAVING ROADS AND STREETS" to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object to construct the paving of roads
and streets in such manner that parts of it may be more readily
removed in order to get at gas and water pipes, and also sewers,
than can now be done. And the Invention consists of a peculiar
combination of timbers and flooring with paving stones.
structing a pavement to a road or street according to this Invention
parallel timbers are placed in the longitudinal direction of the road
or street, such timbers being supported by concrete packing,
masonry, or other sound supports. The strength and distance apart
will depend on the weight of traffic on the road or street. These
longitudinal timbers are to support a flooring of transverse timbers,
each of which, by its ends, is to be supported by two of the longi-
tudinal timbers, by which means, when these transverse timbers are

page_text: taken up, the longitudinal space between two longitudinal timbers
will be accessible for the purpose of opening a way to pipes, drains,
or sewers. Such transverse timbers simply lie on and are supported
by the longitudinal timbers. On the timber floor thus constructed
the paving stones are placed in like manner to that heretofore prac-
tised when on an ordinary foundation; sand or like uncementing
material being used to bed the stone in.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RETARDING AND STOPPING THE PROGRESS OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES
Year: 1853

page_text: with the application for Letters Patent was not given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur Benjamin Samuel
Redford and Thomas Cloake at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 15th December 1853.
We, ARTHUR BENJAMIN SAMUEL REDFORD, of Albion Place, Wal-
worth Road, in the County of Surrey, Printer, and THOMAS CLOAKE, of
Saville Row, Walworth Road, in the same County, Watchmaker, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
RETARDING AND STOPPING THE PROGRESS OF RAILWAY CARRIAGES" to be as
follows:-
Our Invention has reference to a mode of putting on the brakes of
two or more carriages in a railway train simultaneously, the object
being to bring the train to a stand still with a shorter run than is now
generally required in effecting the like operation.
In order to effect this operation we propose to provide all the car-
riages with brakes, and to bring them all, or a great portion of them,
into action simultaneously. To this end we furnish each carriage with

page_text: a rod which runs under the flooring thereof, and is fitted with screw
threads or worms, which (when an axial motion is imparted thereto by
the ordinary hand wheel and gearing used by the guard for setting the
brakes in action) will force the brakes against the periphery of the
wheels of the carriage.
This motion is communicated from the guard's carriage to the other
carriages in the train by connecting the rods of the several carriages
together by a kind of telescope joint, which will allow of longitudinal
play without affecting the rods, but will render the whole series of rods
as one rigid rod as regards any axial motion that is imparted thereto.
To allow for the lateral play of the carriages the rods are each provided
at one end with an universal joint, which will prevent the straining of
the rods or their telescope connections.
Printing Yarns or Worsteds, Carpets, Woollen, Silk, Cotton, and other Textile Fabrics or Fibrous Substances.
Year: 1853

page_text: Printing Yarns or Worsteds, Carpets, Woollen,
Silk, Cotton, and other Textile Fabrics or
Fibrous Substances.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William MoNaughton at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th October 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, WILLIAM MCNAUGHTON, of Manchester, in the County of Lan-
caster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN PRINTING YARNS OR WORSTEDS FOR WEAVING CARPETS, ALSO IN
PRINTING CARPETS, WOOLLEN, SILK, COTTON, AND OTHER TEXTILE AND FELTED
FABRICS OR FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements made upon a former
Invention, for which Letters Patent, N° 933, for the United Kingdom,
were granted to the above-named William McNaughton, bearing date
the 18th day of April 1858, and of which said Invention a Specifica-
tion was duly filed; and the nature of the improvements for which the
present application for Letters Patent is now made consists in the use
and application of hollow metal pattern cylinders, either separately or

page_text: in combination with wood, instead of being wholly of wood, for printing
patterns or devices, or plain surfaces of color upon yarns or worsteds for
weaving carpets; also in printing carpets, woollen, silk, cotton, and
other textile and felted fabrics, or fibrous substances or materials, which
improvements are based upon the principle of construction previously
described, set forth, and represented in the Specification before referred
to as filed under the Letters Patent of 18th April 1853 on behalf of
the within-named William MeNaughton.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE GUARDS AND ENGINE DRIVERS ON RAILWAY CARRIAGES
Year: 1853

page_text: 26th February 1853.
(This Invention did not proceed to the Great Seal.)
I, SAMUEL VARLEY, of Wainfleet, in the County of Lincoln, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MAKING COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE GUARDS AND ENGINE DRIVERS ON
RAILWAY CARRIAGES" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of applying a combination of apparatus
between the carriages of a train, in such manner that the guard may
at any time call the attention of the engine driver by opening the
steam-whistle of the locomotive engine. Each carriage at its underside
has a tube, within which is a chain, wire, or cord; and at the ends of
the tube, where the chain, wire, or cord passes, there are rollers at the
two sides and at the bottom, by which the chain, wire, or cord can be
freely used, whether the train is straight or passing round a curve.
These chains, wires, or cords are to have suitable connections, in order
that the chains, wires, or cords of all the carriages in a train may be
readily coupled together. And in order that the chains, wires, or cords
of a train may at all times be ready for use, a spring barrel is employed

page_text: at one end of the train to take up the slack, and keep the chains, wires,
or cords sufficiently tight, in order, when the guard acts on the end of
the chain, wire, or cord by a suitable barrel or other instrument, the
other end of the chain, wire, or cord may be moved and act on the
handle of the whistle.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN STAMPING OR SHAPING METALS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Murdoch at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 27th January 1853.-A communication.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JAMES MURDOCH, of 7; Staple Inn, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN STAMPING OR SHAPING METALS" to be as
follows:-
The Invention relates to that method of stamping or shaping
metals in which the sheet of metal to be shaped is held near its
edges between two pressing surfaces during the forcing of the said
sheet of metal into the lower die, so as to prevent the formation of
wrinkles in the said sheet of metal. The Drawing represents in
section the essential parts of the Invention; a, is the lower die; b,
the ring which presses the edge of the sheet of metal on the edge of
the upper die; c, d, e, are three dies sliding within one another; f,
the plunger or stamp passing through the said dies c, d, e; the die c
descends first, afterwards the die d, and next the die e, lastly the
plunger or stamp f, which carries the dish-shaped plate of metal
through the cylindrical part a¹ of the lower die a, and completes the

page_text: formation of the cylindrical vessel (see the several Figures). Where
a dish-shaped vessel is to be produced a rod is raised through the
bottom of the die a, (to raise the vessel from the said die,) which
in such case is closed, excepting the hole through which the said rod
passes. The dies c, d, e, may be made to descend in succession by
any suitable mechanism.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC BEDSTEADS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Martin Billing at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3d
March 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within
the time prescribed by the Act.)
I, MARTIN BILLING, of 142, High Holborn, and of Charles Henry
Street, Birmingham, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention
for CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN METALLIC BEDSTEADS" to be as follows
(that is to say):
My Improvements consist in a new construction of the side and end
rails of metallic bedsteads, which enables a bed sacking or spring mat-
trass to be more readily and expeditiously secured to or moved from
them by a certain suitable arrangement. And the manner in which I
carry out this invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, of
which Fig. 1, is a partial end elevation of an improved metallic bed-
stead; Fig. 2, a top or plan view; Fig. 3, a vertical section of part of
the bedstead through the dotted line a, a, of Figure 2; Fig. 4, an en-
larged sectional view of one of the side rails. In each Figure the same
letters of reference denote similar corresponding parts. A, A, are the
corner posts; B, B, the foot and head rails, which are hollow and pro-

page_text: vided with a slot; C, C, fixing joints; D, D, side rails; E, E, sacking
or spring mattrass to the side and end rails, as in manner shown at Fig. 4.
I claim, firstly, the use of hollow tubes, with slots to form the side or
end rails of metallic bedsteads.
Secondly, the mode of securing the sacking or spring mattrass to the 5
rails of metallic bedsteads by means of a rod or bar, as in manner
shown.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING AND INDICATING THE DEPTH OF WATER IN THE HOLD OF A SHIP OR VESSEL
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Joseph Gladstone
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 29th October 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, GEORGE JOSEPHI GLADSTONE, of 10, Brunswick Terrace, Blackwall,
Shipwright and Surveyor of Shipping, do hereby declare the nature of
my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR ASCERTAINING AND
INDICATING THE DEPTH OF WATER IN THE HOLD OF A SHIP OR VESSEL " to
be as follows:-
This Invention consists of employing a float in connection with a
wire or rod within a tube descending into the hold. The lower part of
the tube is formed so as to admit water freely, and in such manner
that the water in the tube will be at the same level at all times as that
in the hold. At the upper part of the tube is a scale or guage, divided
into feet and inches, or otherwise. The end of the rod or wire to the
float in rising and falling points out on the scale the depth of water in
the hold.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER AND PASTEBOARD
Year: 1853

page_text: (Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, ALEXANDER. LOUIS BARGNANO, of New York, in the United States
of America, but now residing at the Hotel de Versailles, Leicester
Place, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF
PAPER AND PASTEBOARD" to be as follows:-
My said Invention consists of the use of a material or materials for
the manufacture of paper and pasteboard, which has or have not before
been employed for that purpose.
The materials which I use are the stem or stalk of hemp and flax
deprived of its bark, and the refuse of the bark (which refuse is called
in the Italian language "capcchio"), which cannot be spun or turned
into rope owing to the coarseness of the fibre, as well as its being more
or less charged with wood fragments, which in the Italian language are
S

page_text: called "lische." These materials are severally reduced to a paste, and
may each be used alone or mixed together in proportions according to
the quality of the paper or pasteboard required to be made, and then I
pursue the ordinary method of rolling out and pressing the paper or
pasteboard for use.
In order to reduce the materials to a paste I soak them in lime
water, and crush them by means of cylinders or any other grinding
process, and then I wash, and, if necessary, bleach them by means of
chloride of potash or hypochloride of alum.
Instead of soaking the materials in lime water, I sometimes boil
them in water alone, and sometimes I soak them in a solution of
hydrate of soda, or soda, or potash, or nitric acid, in the last case heat-
ing the solution till it boils.
The paste so made can at once be made into paper or pasteboard,
and, as I before stated, the paste composed of the "capechio" or refuse,
or of the stems or storks, can be used either together or separately, and
with either or with the two combined may be used rope, rags, tow, or
any other ingredient or material ordinarily used in the manufacture
of paper or pasteboard.
A SMOKE- CONSUMING APPARATUS FOR ENABLING EVERY FIRE TO CONSUME ITS OWN SMOKE
Year: 1853

page_text: time prescribed by the Act.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Francis Sewell Cole at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
30th November 1853.
I, FRANCIS SEWELL COLE, of Childown, in the County of Surrey,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A SMOKE-
CONSUMING APPARATUS FOR ENABLING EVERY FIRE TO CONSUME ITS OWN
SMOKE" to be as follows:-
By the means of an iron chimney pipe or series of pipes, forming the
entrance of the chimney of and returning to, under, and through any
fire-place or furnace, and rising above the level of the entrance and
terminating in the chimney, causing the smoke of that same fire-place
or furnace to return to or under and through that same fire-place or
furnace, so that when the pipes become heated red hot, that red heat
shall ignite and consume the smoke passing through the pipes; any
soot or residium from such ignition being received in a close receptacle
for that purpose underneath the fire-place or furnace, which receptacle
can be at any time emptied.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CALTRAPS FOR MILITARY PUR- POSES
Year: 1853

page_text: the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CALTRAPS FOR MILITARY PUR-
POSES" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of so constructing and combining the several
parts of a caltrap that they may more conveniently fold together, and
be rendered portable and of ready use when required as a defence.
Each caltrap is composed of six spikes, blades, or pointed instruments,
four of which are placed on a cylindrical axis, and are made capable of
movement thereon; the other two are connected to the cylinder at the
ends by pin joints; the four are retained on the axis by collars fixed
by screws.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING PRUSSIATE OF POTASH
Year: 1853

page_text: (Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I WILLIAM WATSON, junior, of Leeds, Manufacturing Chemist,
do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING PRUSSIATE OF POTASH" to be as
follows:-
My improvements in apparatus for the manufacture of prussiate of
potash consist in so constructing, arranging, and combining apparatus
with the iron pots or vessels in which animal matter is combined with
fused potash for the manufacture of prussiate of potash, that such animal
matter may be introduced into such pots or vessels through a tube or
passage descending into and communicating with the lower part of such
pots or vessels; and in connecting with such pots or vessels another
and smaller vessel in such manner as to be heated by the same fire for
the purpose of fusing such potash previous to introducing it into such
pots or vessels, and having such sinaller vessel so connected with the
larger vessel that the fused potash can be conveniently admitted from

page_text: the smaller into the larger vessel, or such smaller vessel so placed in
connection with the larger vessel that it may be heated by the same
fire, and moveable in such manner that the fused potash may be trans-
ferred out of it into the larger vessel; and in connecting a pipe or tube
with such pots or vessels in which such animal matter and potash are
mixed to convey the gases evolved during the operation into suitable
condensing and other apparatus by means of exhausting apparatus,
with valves so constructed that when such gases cease to be evolved
the communication will be shut off between such vessels and exhausting
apparatus.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING, AND GENERALLY IN COVERING SURFACES WITH ASPHALTIC AND OTHER SIMILAR MATERIALS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Adolphe Augustin Girouard
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 23rd May 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
J, ADOLPHE AUGUSTIN GIROUARD, of Paris, in the Empire of France,
and of 16. Castle Street, Holborn, (City,) London, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING,
AND GENERALLY IN COVERING SURFACES WITH ASPHALTIC AND OTHER SIMILAR
MATERIALS," to be as follows, viz. :-
The materials of which the mastic is made are mixed and spread on
a table or other surface, so as to produce large slabs or plates of any
required size and thickness. These slabs are then laid on the floor
which has been prepared by levelling and forming a bed of lime,
pebbles, & sand, &c.
The sides of the slabs may be cut sloping, so that on being placed
against each other they should join at the lower part, and leave the
upper part more or less open.

page_text: To join the slabs together, bands of the same material and of the
size of the openings are soldered to them by heating the sides of the
opening, so as to soften them; the bands are treated in the same manner,
and the openings are filled up with the softened material.
This soldering is performed by a gas apparatus; the sides of the.
angles or openings and the bands are softened simultaneously and
brought together, a trowel is then passed over the joints to efface all
trace of the soldering.
If the surface to be covered.be uneven, plunge the slabs into hot
water to soften them, so as to take the form of the surface.
This jet or gas apparatus is applicable to the cutting or soldering of
all kinds of mastic susceptible of softening or cutting by heat.
DEODORIZING AND PREPARING AMERICAN AND OTHER RESINS FOR MIXING WITH GREASE, TALLOWS, AND WAX, SO AS TO IMPROVE THEM BY GIVING THEM A GREATER HARDNESS AND CONSISTENCY, AND RENDERING THEM LESS LIABLE TO BE AFFECTED BY CHANGE OF TEMPERATURE
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Junius S' John Eicke at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st January 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JUNIUS ST JOHN EICKE, of 3, Lawn Place, South Lambeth, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "DEODORIZING AND
PREPARING AMERICAN AND OTHER RESINS FOR MIXING WITH GREASE, TALLOWS,
AND WAX, SO AS TO IMPROVE THEM BY GIVING THEM A GREATER HARDNESS
AND CONSISTENCY, AND RENDERING THEM LESS LIABLE TO BE AFFECTED BY
CHANGE OF TEMPERATURE," to be as follows:-
The resin is placed in an air-tight vessel, of wood, iron, or lead, fur-
A
nished with a leaden coil pipe for melting the resin by dry steam.
wicker basket or perforated pan, containing powdered animal or peat
charcoal, is suspended in the vessel above the surface of the resin, and
the top or opening of this vessel is secured or covered with an air-
tight lid.
The unattached end of the leaden coil pipe is brought
through the side or bottom of the vessel, and is supplied with a stop

page_text: cock for letting off the condensed water. The resin must be kept in
a boiling state for 4 or 6 hours; fiifteen per cent. of charcoal upon
the quantity of resin to be melted will be sufficient to deodorize it.
The proportions of resin as prepared in the manner above specified,
and required to be mixed with the grease, tallow, or wax, will be as
follows:-
Grease, ten per cent.-
Tallow, per cent., seven and a half.
Wax, five per cent.
The combination and mixture of the prepared resin with the several
above-named articles is to be effected by melting the grease, tallow, or
wax in any of the modes now in use. The resin is to be melted by
dry steam in the manner before mentioned, and while in a boiling state
run into the vessel containg the melted grease, tallow, or wax, while
they are severally in a boiling state, and the mixstures well stirred
together for half an hour, the same being kept boiling during the
whole time. The stirring is effected by hand labor by means of a
paddle or pole. The combination will then be perfected, subject to
its being cooled in, the usual manner.
The Invention is also intended to cover an exclusive right to combine
the resin (prepared as above) with tallow and wax, conjointly or severally,
in the making or manufacture of candles.
The proportions of this combination will be as follows:-
Resin with tallow and wax-resin, 15 per cent.; tallow, 82 per
cent.; wax, 2 per cent.
Resin with wax:-resin, 5 per cent.; wax, 95 per cent.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOXES, SUCH AS HAVE BEEN HITHERTO MADE OF PASTEBOARD
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Thomas Wood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd May 1858.
(Void by reason of notice to proceed not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.)
I, JOSEPH THOMAS WOOD, of Holywell Street, Strand, in the County
of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BOXES, SUCH AS HAVE BEEN
HITHERTO MADE OF PASTEBOARD," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the use and application of a substance
known and distinguished as gelatine, in and for the manufacture of
boxes; and the intention of this Invention is to construct such boxes
as are used by shopkeepers as depositories for fancy articles, of the
above-mentioned substance, so that the articles contained therein shall
be visible to the eye, without being exposed to dust or dirt and atmo-
spheric influence, the gelatine being made very transparent for that
purpose, and is particularly applicable to the manufacture of envelope
cases and card cases, and other like articles; and it is further proposed
by this Invention to make such articles ornamental by stamping or

page_text: punching out certain parts thereof, or by printing or stamping devices
thereon. And this Invention consists in making boxes of gelatine
instead of pasteboard, for the purpose above mentioned.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES FOR WARMING OR HEATING BUILDINGS
Year: 1853

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Richardson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
2nd August 1853.
(Void by reason of notice to proceedl not having been given within the
time prescribed by the Act.).
I, GEORGE RICHARDSON, of Gutter Lanc, Cheapside, in the City of
London, Gas Fitter, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES FOR WARMING OR HEATING BUILDINGS"
to be as follows:-
My improvements in stoves for warming or heating relate more par-
ticularly to that description of stove in which heat is generated and
given off by the combustion of gas. The Invention is also applicable,
under certain modifications, other kinds of close stoves in which char-1
coal and other smokeless fuel is usually burned.
In applying the Invention to gas stoves the burner is placed at the
lower part, as usual, and is enclosed within a cylindrical or other shaped
case, made by preference of some earthen material. This case is
provided internally with one or more horizontal dises or plates, which
are supported on edges one above the other at suitable distances apart,
and are perforated or scollopped out at the edges for the purpose of

page_text: causing the heated air and gases from the burner to pass in contact
with and heat the earthen or other cylinder or case, which will by
radiation give off its heat to the surrounding atmosphere. At the
upper end of the earthen cylinder or case is placed an earthen or other
pan or dish, through the centre of which passes a tube, whereby the
products of combustion are carried off from the interior. The earthen
pan or dish is to be filled, or nearly so, with water or other suitable
liquid, and the central tube is provided with a concave or dish-shaped
cover, the edges of which are made to dip-into the liquid contained in
the earthen pan, and thereby form an hydraulic joint. I would observe
that I sometimes place in the earthen pan lime water, slacked or
unslacked lime, or other materials that have a strong affinity for
carbonic acid.
The operation of the stove is as follows:-Upon igniting the gas
the earthen cylinder or case will be heated by the flame, and the hot
air,and gases will pass up. the central tube or chimney of the pan
or lish above, and by the inverted dish at top will be forced to
pass into the water before they can escape into the atmosphere; by
this means the vapour will be partially condensed, and if limė 'is
employed a considerable portion, if not the whole, of the carbonic acid
will be arrested and taken up by the lime. In applying the Invention
to a charcoal stove, such as is made under Joyce's Patent; it will,
perhaps, bé. only necessary to adapt the upper part thereof a pan or
dish with a central tube and inverted cap, as before, to receive the
vapours, and pass them under the water or other substance in the
pan in order to take up the carbonic acid.