AN IMPROVED GAS REGULATOR
Year: 1856

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Tiot Judkins, of 98, Fleet Street, London,
Middlesex, and 35, Corporation Street, Manchester, Merchant, for the
Invention of "AN IMPROVED GAS REGULATOR."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Tiot. Judkins
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th July 1856.
I, CHARLES TIOT JUDKINS, of 98, Fleet Street, London, Middlesex, & 35,
Corporation St., Manchester, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVED GAS REGULATOR" to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in certain improvements for regulating or governing the
supply of gas to the burners or places of combustion. To effect this object by
means of this apparatus, the gas is introduced into a compartment or chamber
of the apparatus or regulator, which I denominate the inlet or high-pressure
chamber, from which it passes to a second compartment called the outlet or low
pressure chamber; the passage of the gas between these two chambers is regu-
lated by means of a valve suspended from a cover & which is caused to rise or
fall from its seat according to the pressure of the gas in the chambers; this cover
has turned down edges so as to sink into a trough containing a fluid (by prefer-
ence quicksilver); in these particulars the apparatus does not differ from those.
formerly constructed. The cover of this apparatus rests on points or any other
suitable bearings at such a distance from either end or from the centre, as to.

page_text: obtain an equal balance of the said cover of whatever form it may be made, &
by this means admits of its being made of cast iron or other heavy material.
The valve is suspended from that end of the cover nearest the outlet end of
the regulator, & fixed by a screw or any other convenient means. There is
also another chamber towards the inlet end of the regulator, which I denomi-
nate the compensation chamber, for the reason that. I admit gas into it from
the inlet chamber, which bears upon the cover to compensate for the pressure
of the gas on the under part of the valve.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Tiot Judkins in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 22nd January 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
TIOT JUDKINS, of 98, Fleet Street, London, Middlesex, and 35, Corporation
Street, Manchester, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS IIer most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Charles Tiot Judkins, Her special licence that I, the said Charles Tiot
Judkins, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Charles Tiot Judkins, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all
times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"AN IMPROVED GAS REGULATOR," upon the condition (amongst others) that I,
the said Charles Tiot Judkins, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in
what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and imme-
diately after the date of the said Letters Patent. --
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Tiot Judkins, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-

page_text: This Invention has for its object improvements in regulating or governing
the supply of gas to burners. For this purpose the gas is introduced by a
supply pipe into one chamber or compartment of the regulator; from this
chamber the gas passes into a second chamber or compartment, but the amount
gas passed or passing from one chamber to the other, is regulated by means
of a valve which is caused to close or open a passage between the two com-
partments, more or less as circumstances may require.
of
In these particulars my improved regulator does not differ materially from
other gas regulators. The valve for regulating the passage of the gas between
the inlet and outlet chamber or compartmant of the regulator is carried by a
cover, which may be made of cast iron, and similar to others in use, having
turned down edges which enter a trough containing quicksilver or other fluid,
and a partition which, in combination with other parts, makes several chambers
for regulating the supply of the gas. This cover moves upon bearings, and
is constructed and adjusted so as to compensate for the varying quantity of
quicksilver or fluid displaced by the edges of the cover, as one or other end of
the cover rises out of or sinks into the same, the fluid being left to find its
own level.
Such being the nature of my Invention, I will proceed to describe in what
manner the same may be performed, by reference to the accompanying Drawing.
Fig. 1 is a plan of the regulator, the top, cover, and valve being removed;
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section in the line x, x, Figs. 1 and 3; and Fig 3, is
a transverse section by the lines y, y, Figs. 1 and 2. Similar letters of reference
indicate corresponding parts in the several Figures.
A, I denominate as an inlet or high-pressure chamber; B is an outlet or
low-pressure chamber, communicating with A by means of the aperture a;
C is a compensating chamber, the gas being admitted by the aperture c; D is
a cover with turned down edges d, d, having a cross partition G and suspended
on points or fulcra at g, or other place in connection with the side or top of the
cover, or sustained on a fulcrum at the bottom of the partition. E represents
a trough or passages containing quicksilver or other fluid, into which the edges
d, d, sink sufficiently to form a gas-tight joint; F is a cross trough containing
quicksilver or other fluid, and in communication with the trough or passages E;
G is a cross partition in the cover D between the compensating chamber C
and the outlet chamber B, and sinks into the fluid contained in the trough F';
His a valve attached to the cover D by means of the spindle I and two small
nuts h, h, or in any other convenient way; J is a small screw or plug which
may be withdrawn at convenience for the purpose of letting out water which
might collect in the regulator; K is a top or cover of the regulator; L is a

page_text: moveable weight placed upon the cover D, and confined, if necessary, at any
convenient point for balancing the same, so as to open or close the valve and
give the desired pressure in the outlet chamber. The cover D, in the annexed
Drawing, not being suspended or retained on the line through its centre of
gravity, the compensating chamber C has an area a little larger than the area
of the valve H; also the edge of the cover next the compensating, chamber is
made thicker than the opposite edge of the cover, to compensate for the sinking
or rising of the edges in the mercury.
The action of the regulator is as follows:-The gas, being admitted from the
main by any convenient inlet M, passes by the valve H to the outlet chamber B,
the pressure in that chamber being regulated by the adjustment of the weight L,
as is well understood; the gas passes from the chamber B through the
outlet N to the burners, the cover D rising or falling according to the pressure;
on the pressure in A being increased or diminished, the top of the com-
pensating chamber and the bottom of the valve II sustain a corresponding
increase of pressure, whereby the supply of the gas from the main and the
chamber A to the chamber B and the burners is regulated.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not claim as
of my Invention or the exclusive use of the several parts of this regulator
when taken separately, such or similar parts having been in use in other gas
regulators; but what I claim as the Invention intended to be secured by the
said Letters Patent, is a gas regulator having a compensating chamber and
cover, sustained or suspended and adjusted as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Tiot Judkins, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Twentieth day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
Witness,
A. TOLHAUSEN.
CHARLES TIOT JUDKINS. (L.S.).