Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Evaporating Brine and the like in a Vacuum,
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Sept., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 16th May, 1890-4ccepted, 28th June, 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Evaporating
Brine and the like in a Vacuum,
I, WILLIAM YOUNG of Droitwich in the County of Worcester Salts Works
Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In apparatus constructed according to this invention I boil brine under vacuum and
produce salt in a continuous manner. The boiling vessel or pan is of a double dome
or cone form or decreasing or tapering to a smaller diameter at top and bottom. At
the latter place it terminates in a pipe of some 24 feet in length which dips into a
tank which is supplied with brine by a regulating cock or valve. The lower part of
the boiling vessel or pan is surrounded by a steam jacket which is continued down so
as to surround the aforesaid pipe partly or wholly down to the bottom. Steam is
admitted to the pan jacket and pipe jacket.
The top of the pan is by a swan neck or other pipe carried up to a condenser with
air pump. The condenser may be in the form of a cylindrical vessel with the steam
inlet at the side, water inlet at the top and tapering at the bottom to a pipe which
passes down to a water tank. It is essential that both this pipe and the pipe con-
taining brine should be of such a height that on the Torricelli principle the water and
brine respectively should stand in the pipes by the action of the vacuum on the top of
each column of liquid.
The pan is provided with usual fittings such as a gauge glass, sight hole, vacuum
gauge and thermometer.
The brine supplied to the brine tank as described will by the partial vacuum
formed rise up the vertical pipe and to the desired level in the pan, the steam
evaporated from the brine passing off to the condenser, while the salt formed
drops down continuously into the brine tank through the brine and is removed in the
usual manner.
On the Torricelli principle the height of the brine in the boiling pan will be regu-
lated by the height of the brine admitted into the tank at the bottom.
Tinted this und
antoinha 1000
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Evaporating
Brine and the like in a Vacuum.
I, WILLIAM YOUNG of Droitwich in the County of Worcester, Salt Works
Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
In apparatus constructed according to this invention I evaporate brine under
vacuum and produce salt in a continuous manner with economy of fuel and by the
employment of unskilled labour. The evaporating vessel or pan is a closed airtight
vessel by preference of a double dome or cone form or tapering or otherwise decreas-
ing to a smaller diameter at top and bottom. At the latter place it terminates in a
pipe some 24 feet in length which dips into a tank which is supplied with brine
preferably at saturation point by a regulating cock or valve. The lower part of the
evaporating vessel or pan is surrounded by a stean jacket which is or may be con-
inued down so as to surround the upper part of the aforesaid pipe. The heat for
evaporating is supplied by steam admitted to the pan jacket and pipe jacket. (Instea
DQ37

page_text: of a steam jacket or when greater heat is required I may employ a jacket or com-
bustion chamber heated by gas.) The top of the pan is by a swan neck or other pipe
carried up to a condenser which by a pipe is connected with an air pump. The
condenser may be in the form of a cylindrical vessel with the steam or vapour inlet
at the side and water inlet at the top and terminating at the bottom in a pipe which
passes down to a water tank. It is essential that this pipe be of such a height that
(on the Torricelli principle) the water shall stand in the pipe below the bottom of the
condenser and also that the brine pipe be of such a height that on the same principle
the brine shall stand in the vacuum formed at the height which gives the greatest
evaporating surface, namely the centre of the vacuum pan.
As the water is evapo-
rated from the brine the salt is precipitated and passing down through the column of
brine settles in the aforesaid lower brine tank from which it is drawn or raked by
hand or by automatic means. The pan is provided with usual fittings such as man
hole, sight hole, vacuum gauge and thermometer. It is also provided with a supple-
mentary feed pipe for brine.
In figure 1 of the accompanying drawing is shewn in part sectional elevation an
apparatus for evaporating brine and the like in a vacuum in a continuous manner.
The evaporating vessel or pan A is a closed airtight vessel made in two halves bolted
together and of a double cone form or tapering to a smaller diameter at top and
bottom. At the latter place it terminates in a pipe B some 24 feet in length which
dips into a tank C which is supplied with brine preferably at saturation point by a
regulating cock or valve D' on the pipe D. The lower part of the evaporating pan A
is surrounded by a steam jacket A¹, which is continued down into a pipe B surrounding
the pipe B; some distance down steam is admitted to the pan jacket A' and pipe
jacket B by the pipe E and valve E¹. The top of the pan A is by a swan neck pipe F
of ample size carried up to a condenser G, which, by means of a pipe Q, is in connection
with an air pump, and here is shewn, in the preferred form of a cylindrical vessel with
the interior construction shewn and having the steam inlet E at the side, the water
inlet pipe H and valve H¹ at the top from a tank or other source, and tapering at the
bottom to a pipe K which passes down to a water tank L. The injection water from
the pipe H first meets the perforated splash plate G¹ the water partly passing down
through the perforations, and partly overflowing at the circumference; the water
next meets the splash G² passing partly through its small perforation and partly
through a large central opening, and next into the splash plate G³, traversing its
perforation and the annular space at its rim. The water in a finely divided state will
thus meet the steam and vapour arising from the pipe E and effectually condense it,
so that but little of it has to he removed by way of the pipe Q by means of the air
pump, which maintains the vacuum.
The pan A is in its upper part provided with usual fittings such as man hole, sight
hole N, vaccum gauge O and thermometer P. The brine in the tank C is by
preference heated by waste heat from the steam boiler flue or by other heat so as to
assist generally the heating action of the jacket A¹. The waste heat may for instance
be carried along backwards and forwards in flues arranged one on each side of a mid-
feather or partition wall under the tank C as shewn. The preheating of the brine is
also of special value when starting the evaporatiug action. The valve E¹ for regulating
the steam supply to the pan jacket, the valve H₁ for regulating the water inlet to the
condenser, the cock M for regulating the auxiliary brine supply to the pan A and
the cock D₁ for regulating the brine supply to the tank C are all accessible to the
attendant from the working platform T, R is a condensed water-drain cock on the
pipe jacket B¹.
Figure 2 is a side view of a pan the lower part of which is surrounded by a brick
wall jacket A¹ or combustion chamber of fire-brick, which also serves as a support for
the pan and is supplied with heat by means of producer gas and suitable burner
arrangement in the chamber A¹.
The tank C having been filled with brine the air pump is started and as the air in
the pan and pipe becomes attenuated the brine rises in the pipe B until it reaches the
middle of the pan. Steam is admitted to the steam jacket (or gas heat to the

page_text: chamber A¹ figure 2,) thus heating the brine. The injection water is admitted to
the condenser by the valve H¹ and as the steam or vapour rises from the brine it is
rapidly condensed, the air pump assisting the vacuum while the hot condensed water
runs off from the tank L.
The salt formed drops down continuously into the brine tank C through the brine
in the pipe B and is removed in the usual manner by rakers. The evaporation and
precipitation thus proceed at a rapid and continuous rate without interruption week in
week out, and all the attendant has to do is to supply brine at such a rate as to keep
the level of the surface constant at the middle of the pan.
On the Torricelli principle in the height of the brine in the boiling pan A will be
regulated by the height of the brine admitted into the tank C at the bottom. This
mode of supplying the brine wholly or partially to a pan for evaporating under vacuum
is also applicable to other suitable forms of vacuum pan.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
(1.) The double coned pan A with jacket around the lower coned part as applied to
the evaporating of brine and the like in a vacuum in a continuous manner substantially
as set forth.
(2.) In combination with a pan of any suitable form for evaporating brine and the
like in a vacuum in a continuous manner a tank C placed at the necessary distance
below the pau, connected thereto by a pipe B and supplied continuously with brine
heated or not as required substantially as set forth.
(3.) In connection with apparatus for evaporating brine and the like in a vacuum
the continuous mode of action according to which the brine is supplied to a closed
evaporating pan by a pipe dipping in a tank continuously supplied with brine while
the steam or vapour from the evaporating pan is carried off to a condenser in
connection with an air-pump substantially as set forth.
(4.) The construction of apparatus shewn on the drawing.
Dated this 16th day of May 1890.
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.