IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LAMP BLACK, AND IN RECOVERING FROM SUCH MANUFACTURE A SUBSTANCE SUITABLE FOR FUEL
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Hughes and George Firmin, of Plough
Road, Rotherhithe, in the County of Surrey, Manufacturers, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LAMP
BLACK, AND IN RECOVERING FROM SUCH MANUFACTURE A SUBSTANCE
SUITABLE FOR FUEL."
Sealed the 9th April 1858, and dated the 18th October 1852.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Hughes and
George Firmin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 18th October 1852.
We, HENRY HUGHES and GEORGE FIRMIN, of Plough Road, Rother-
hithe, in the County of Surrey, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFacture of
LAMP BLACK, AND IN RECOVERING FROM SUCH MANUFACTURE A SUBSTANCE
SUITABLE FOR FUEL," to be as follows:-
Our Invention consists in improvements in the manufacture of lamp
black, and in recovering from such manufacture a substance suitable
for fuel. Our improvements in the manufacture of lamp black consist
in producing it from the vapour of coal tar, dead oil, dead oil salts,
coal pitch, naphtha, linseed oil, and from the vapour of other materials.

page_text: from which "lamp black," has been or may be produced. We take
coal tar or other substance, and put it into a boiler or other suitable
receptacle, and apply. heat until evaporation takes place. We lead
the vapour through pipes or other suitable channels, and burn it
"in a common lamp black house," through gas jets or other burner
suitable for burning gases. When the process has been carried on for
a sufficient length of time. we take such residue as may remain in the
boiler and convert it into fucl.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Hughes and George Firmin in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 18th April 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we,
HENRY HUGHES and GEORGE FIRMIN, of Plough Road, Rotherhithe, in
the County of Surrey, Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Iler
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two, in the sixteenth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successons, give and
grant unto us, the said Henry Hughes and George Firmin, Her special.
licence that we, the said Henry Hughes and George Firmin, our exc-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Henry
Hughes and George Firmin, our executors, administrators, and assigns.
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, sliould and
lawfully might make. use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands. and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF LAMP
BLACK, AND IN RECOVERING FROM SUCH MANUFACTURE A SUBSTANCE SUITABLE
FOR FUEL," upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Пenry
Hughes and George Firmin, by an instrument in writing under our
hands and scals, or under the 'hand and seal of one of, ús, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention

page_text: and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Henry Hughes and George
Firmin, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained-in-and by the following statement:
Our improvements in the; manufacture of lamp black consist in
producing it from the vapour of coal tar, dead oil, dead-oil salts,-con!
pitch, naptha, linseed oil, and froin the vapour of other materials from
which lamp black has been or may be produced. We take coal tar or
other substance aforesaid, and place it into a boiler or other suitable
receptacle, and apply heat until evaporation takes place. We lead the
vapour through pipes or other suitable channels, and burn it in an
ordinary "lamp black house," through gas jets or other burner suitable
for burning gasses.
Should a portion of the vapour become condensed in its passage
from the boiler to the "black house," we draw off such condensed
portion by means of a tap, and allow it to fall upon a bed of common
salt (muriate of soda), sand, or other similar porous mass, and there
burn it. After evaporation has been carried on until the substance in
the boiler becomes thick. we run it off, while hot, into a retort or oven.
and mix with it about one third of its weight of asphaltum. We
apply a much greater heat than in the first boiler, vaporize the oil that
may remain, and convey the vapour, as before, to be burnt in a "lamp
black house." We remove the residuum from the second vessel, and
convert it into fuel by crushing it and mixing with it about equal parts
by weight of coal pitch and coal dust, which we place in moulds after
being heated and thoroughly mixed, apply pressure thereto, and when
cold the fuel is fit for use
And having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that we claimi
the manufacture of lamp black from the vapour of coal tar, pitch, and
other hydro-carbons; also the manufacture of fuel from the products

page_text: remaining after the evaporization of the said hydro-carbons, as herein-
before described.
In witness whereof, 1, the said George Firmin, have hereunto
set my hand and seals, this Eighteenth day of April, One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
GEO. FIRMIN. (L.S.)