IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN CONNECTION WITH VALVES ESPECIALLY APPLICABLE TO PUMPS
Year: 1885

page_text: :
Applicable to Pumps.
I ASPLAN BELDAM of 77 Gracechurch Street, in the City of London; in the
County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN AND IN CONNECTION WITH VALVES ESPECIALLY
APPLICABLE TO PUMPS to be as follows:-
:-
My Invention has for its object certain improvements hereinafter set forth in
and in connection with metallic valves such as those employed in air pumps and
buckets of marine and other engines, but being also applicable for other kinds of
pumping machinery.
A valve with my improvements applied thereto consists of a corrugated disc or
plate of thin metal such as that employed in any of the known types of metallic
flap valves. On the outside, or periphery of the plate, or disc which forms the
seat bearing portion there is provided a small corrugation which holds a quantity
of water, or other liquid being pumped and thereby imparting to the valve a gentle.
and easy cushioning, or settling to its seat.
[.
The improvements in connection with metallic valves as above described consist
in forming the guard of the valve with corrugations corresponding with corruga-
tions formed in the valve. The guard may be partially perforated.
Dated this ninth day of Santambar 1805
;

page_text: Improvements in and in Connection with Valves Especially
Applicable to Pumps.
I ASPLAN BELDAM, of 77 Gracechurch Street, in the City of London, in the
County of Middlesex, Consulting Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my
said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-—
My Invention relates particularly to the type of valve ordinarily employed in
air pumps and buckets of marine and other engines but as it will be readily seen
from the description and illustrations hereinafter given the types of pump and
pumping machinery and the conditions and purposes of its application may be
various.
My Invention consists of certain improvements hereinafter described in and in
connection with valves whereby the effect of the concussion, or "beat" which
takes place in ordinary valves of the type herein specified between the valve and
its seat and the valve and its guard is rendered harmless, or neutralized; and even
when they are subjected to abnormal and varying pressures and stresses which such
gear and other parts in some cases and under certain conditions do become
subject to.
"
It is frequently found more particularly in connection with "high speed pumps
and engines that valves and valve guards become deranged, or broken which in a
great measure may be attributed to the concussion or "beat" of the valves against
their guards and seats. Sometimes the breakages are due to an extra, or abnormal
and not unfrequently sudden volume of the liquid being forced past the valve,
which it is obvious puts a greater stress upon the valves and guards and also a
more severe "beat." As an instance of an abnormal stress being brought upon
valves and their guards of this type I will mention one. It is not an uncommon
occurance at sea for a circulating pump of a surface condensing marine engine to
fail and become inoperative in which case the condenser is made to work as an
ordinary jet condenser and this may necessitate the air pump, or pumps being
called upon to perform this augmented duty. Under such conditions a greater
amount of water than under normal condition would have to be delivered past the
valves thereby as will be obvious, bringing greater concussion or beats and stresses
to bear upon the valves and guards. It is under such abnormal concussions or
beats and stresses as this that the breakages such as I have above mentioned, occur
and which my Invention provides for and prevents. An equivalent condition to
the above exists when it happens as it. often does, that at starting the engines, it is
found that the condenser has become full of water. The air pump under such a
condition has to pass, and frequently rapidly, an excessive volume of water, often
thereby causing breakages of studs and guards, and these breakages even occur
when the material of which the valves consist is india rubber.
To impart to a valve gentle and easy settling to its seat I provide in its bearing
portions, particularly at its periphery, a corrugation or corrugations or recesses
which will contain or be filled with the liquid being pumped so that as the valve

page_text: With reference to the Drawings A designates the valve guard. B is the valve,
C is the valve seat and D is the valve stud. b shows the recess or corrugation by
which the gentle settling of the valve upon its seat C is effected and a is the
corresponding recess, or corrugation in its guard. In Figures 1 and 2 the valve
and guard are shown corrugated annularly and as will be seen when the valve rises
to the guard the liquid which will be imprisoned in the respective recesses will give
the cushioning effect whilst the imprisoned liquid in the recess b will effect the
gentle settling of the valve upon its seat. Although the corrugated valves and
guards shown in the Drawings are mostly provided with annular corrugations, or
recesses, I would have it understood that so far as these corrugations are concerned,
with the exception of the seat corrugation, or recess b they may be arranged in any
suitable manner in the valve; for instance the valve may be corrugated radially or
diagonally. It will also be seen that the type of valve shown is well known as
well as its opening and closing operation.
In Figure 3 is shown a plain valve having only the seat corrugation b according
to my Invention. The guard in this case is provided with a corresponding recess a
and a lip d by which the upward cushioning effect is obtained.
Figure 4 shows the means I employ to close the valve in cases in which the valve
is not closed by gravity. The arrangement consists as will be seen of a circular
box G resting on the valve B. Round the stud DI provide the ferrule H and
between this ferrule and the interior of the box G there is provided a spring h
which bears upon the end of the box G and the guard A at its opposite ends. In
operation, as the valve is pressed off its seat, the box G will be pressed into the
annular. recess h¹ in the guard A thereby compressing the spring h. As soon as the
pressure at the opposite sides of the valve becomes equal, or nearly so the spring h
forces the valve B back on to its seat.
With reference to Figures 5 and 6 it will be observed that the valve is of oval
formation and the outer corrugations are arranged peripherically whilst the inner
corrugation consists of a longitudinal one having curved or semi peripherical ends.
The guard in this example is provided with cushioning recesses corresponding with
the corrugations of the valve.
Figures 7 and 8 illustrate a modified form of valve guard according to my
Invention. The cushioning effect by the guard in this case is effected in the same
manner as previously described namely the guard A is hollow and has recesses
provided in it which lead up into the hollow portion e which will contain liquid.
The valve to be used in connection with this guard would be corrugated, such as
that set forth with reference to Figures 1. 2 and 4 the corrugations being arranged
to correspond with the recesses of the guard. Thus the corrugations of the valve
will coincide with the recesses of the guard and the water, or other liquid in them
will serve to cushion the valve and prevent injurious concussion to the valve and
guard.
Figures 9 and 10 illustrate the means by which a further cushioning effect is
obtained. This example of my Invention is particularly applicable to cases where
abnormal volumes of liquid and consequently abnormal pressures may have to be
dealt with as above described. In the Figures a¹ is a false face whose normal
position is that shown in the Figures and is maintained by springs a² set in sockets
in the guard A. The operation of the face a¹ is as follows. Should any abnormal
pressure be brought upon the valve and guard face a¹ (the springs a being of the
requisite strength to keep the face in the position under ordinary, or normal
conditions and pressures) the face a¹ will be forced up towards the guard A, the
springs as being thereby compressed and hence a greater area is offered for the
passage of the liquid past the periphery of the valve. So soon as a normal working
pressure is established the springs a effect the recovery of the normal position of
the guard face a¹.
Figure 11 shows a modified form of guard A which is made in a hollow, or cage
form, and in lien of the spiral springs as shown in Figures 9 and 10 india rubber.

page_text: springs a are provided. The operation being practically identical with that just
above set forth with reference to Figures 8 and 9.
Figure 12 illustrates another modified form of the arrangement shown in
Figures 8 and 9. In this view the guard face a¹ is provided with and operated
by a single centrally arranged spring a² and is more particularly applicable to
valves of smaller dimensions. In like manner with respect to the modification
described with reference to Figure 11 its operation is identical with that described
under Figures 9 and 10.
In the arrangement illustrated at Figure 13 the guard A is provided with a
face a¹ of an elastic material preferably rubber, by which means a certain amount
of the cushioning and a relief is given to the guard and valve whenever pressure is
brought upon it through the valve when open and bearing upon it. The con-
struction of the guard face a¹ may consist of one material only namely india rubber
or its back may consist of india rubber but having a harder material for its valve
bearing surface.
The beforegoing description sets forth some examples of valves and valve guards
with my improvements applied thereto whereby the effect of the concussion, or
"beat" which takes place in ordinary valves of the type herein set forth between
the valve and its seat and the valve and its guard is rendered harmless, or
neutralized and further compensation is afforded against abnormal, or excessive
volumes and pressures. And I would have it understood that I do not confine
myself to the precise construction and forms, or configurations herein described and
shown, or the materials of which they are made as modifications in these respects
may be varied to suit different and particular conditions of application without
departing from my Invention.
•
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. In valves of the type herein described effecting the gentle settling of such
valves upon their seats by means substantially such as herein set forth and for the
purposes specified.
Second. Effecting cushioning between valves and their guards by means
substantially such as herein set forth and for the purposes specified.
Third: Effecting the relief of valve guards from abnormal stresses and pressures
by means substantially such as herein set forth for the purposes specified.
Fourth. The combination with a corrugated valve such as B of a corrugated valve
guard such as A substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Fifth. The use in connection with valves of the type herein described of recesses,
or corrugations such as b substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Sixth. A valve of the type herein described consisting of a corrugated body and
a recessed, or corrugated bearing edge substantially such as that set forth with
reference to Figure 1 of the Drawings.
Seventh. The combined construction of valve and valve guard as set forth with
reference to Figures 1 and 2 of the Drawings consisting of the annularly corrugated
valve B with its seat corrugation b and corrugated valve guard operating sub-
stantially as described.
Eighth. The combined construction of valve and valve guard as set forth with
reference to Figure 3 of the Drawings consisting of the valve B with its annular
seat corrugation b and valve guard A having the recess a operating substantially
as described.
Ninth. The combination with a valve and valve guard of the type herein
described of a spring h operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth
with reference to Figure 4 of the Drawings.
Tenth. The combination of the valve B, box G spring h ferrule H stud D and
guard A arranged and operating substantially as and for the purposes set forth with
referenc: to Figure 4 of the Drawings.

page_text: * Eleventh. The construction of valve B and guard A corrugated substantially as
set forth with reference to Figures 5 and 6 of the Drawings.
Twelfth. The construction of valve guard A substantially as set forth with.
reference to Figures 7 and 8 of the Drawings.
r
Thirteenth. In a valve and valve guard arrangement of the type herein described
with reference to Figures 9. 10. 11. and 12 of the Drawings the combination of a
guard such as A false face such as a¹ and springs such as a operating substantially
as and for the purposes specified.
Fourteenth. The valve and, valve guard arrangement as set forth with referénce
to Figures 9 and 10 of the Drawings consisting of the guard A having a false
face a springs a³ and valve B constructed and operating substantially as described:'
Fifteenth. The valve and valve guard arrangement as set forth with reference
to Figure 11 of the Drawings consisting of the main guard A false face a¹ springs a³.
operating substantially as and for the purposes specified.
Sixteenth. The construction and arrangement of parts of valve and valve guard
substantially as set forth with reference to Figure 12 of the Drawings.
:
Seventeenth. The combination of a valve guard such as A and face such as a¹
substantially as and for the purposes set forth with reference to Figure 13 of the"
Drawings.
Eighteenth. The use in connection with valve guards of the type herein
described with reference to Figure 13 of a rubber face as and for the purposes
set forth.