AN IMPROVED MANNER OF AND MECHANISM FOR PERFORATING PAPER FOR TELEGRAPHIC PURPOSES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake,
"
and Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for an Invention of
AN IMPROVED MANNER OF AND MECHANISM FOR PERFORATING PAPER FOR
TELEGRAPHIC PURPOSES." A communication from abroad by Theodore
Marshall Foote, of Brooklyn, and Frank Anderson, of Peekskill, both in the
State of New York, United States of America, Electricians.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said William Robert Lake at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th May 1880.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "AN IMPROVED MANNER OF AND MECHANISM
FOR PERFORATING PAPER FOR TELEGRAPHIC PURPOSES." A communication from
abroad by Theodore Marshall Foote, of Brooklyn, and Frank Anderson, of Peekskill,
both in the State of New York, United States of America, Electricians.
This Invention relates to improvements in that class of telegraphic instruments
technically known as perforators, and used in connection with systems of telegraphy
in which the proper contacts and breaks are effected at the transmitting instrument
through the medium of a perforated fillet of paper.
It also relates to fillets of paper perforated in a special manner as hereinafter
described.
In one of such systems positive and negative currents are transmitted over a line
or conductor by means of perforated paper, whereby after each recording impulse
is sent an impulse of opposite polarity is transmitted for freeing the line and
ensuring legibility of the characters at the receiving instrument. In another
system, negative and positive currents are transmitted over a line or conductor by
means of perforated paper, so that alternate currents of positive and negative
electricity are transmitted over a circuit, and each impulse is made available for.
recording at the receiving instrument.
The first part of the present Invention is specially adapted to perforating the
paper fillets employed in the above mentioned systems of telegraphy.
It is further designed to provide a means by which the space between the letters
usually left blank is perforated wholly or in part by a single row of perforations,
the object being to record in the space between each two letters usually left blank

page_text: a series of dots in one row which on long lines, the recording current having been
transmitted from one pole of the battery will be lengthened out, and invariably
recorded as a dash, in any case, however, distinctly marking the space between the
letters. It is essential in these systems that the component perforations forming
the integral perforations representing the characters should alternate, and as the
characters of the "Morse," International," and other character-alphabets employed,
are composed of an even and uneven number of integral component parts, the
perforation would not always alternate properly, therefore mechanism for effecting
this is of vital importance to the transmission of a telegraphic message by
alternating currents of positive and negative electricity.
The present Invention is especially designed to produce the perforations in the
paper employed in the above mentioned systems.
The special features of this Invention consist in the mechanism for operating the
punches and selecting the number necessary to form the perforations corresponding
to each character to be produced at the receiving instrument for alternating or
reversing the position of the perforations when letters of an uneven number of
parts succeed each other in order to prevent two positive or two negative impulses
from following each other, which would prevent the proper alternation in the
current necessary to produce the characters at the receiving instrument, and to
provide for automatically feeding the paper in proper varying lengths, as more
fully hereinafter set forth.
It will be seen that it is an essential feature of this Invention that the paper
shall be perforated in such manner that the alternate perforations forming the
character or characters representing the letter or letters of the message for
transmission shall be in two rows. For instance, the dot for "A" is in one row
and the dash in another, and one dot of the letter "S" is in one row and two in
another.
The second part of the said Invention relates especially to the perforation of
paper metrically or by measurement, the perforation representing a letter consisting
of a single hole for single-current transmission, and two holes for double-current or
polarity transmission, the spacing or distance between complete perforations being
in relation to certain letters which they represent, and this part of the Invention
consists in an improved machine for perforating the fillet metrically, as will be
hereinafter particularly described.
The third part of the said Invention relates especially to improved fillet-feeding
and feed-regulating devices involving also certain modifications of the punch-
moving mechanism. It consists mainly in arranging a series of revolving segmental
cams of different lengths in such relation to the feed-wheels, and a swinging arm
by which one of said wheels is carried, and also to certain movable intermediate
arins operated by the punch-selecting bars, that when any punch-selecting bar or
number of bars is operated one of the intermediate arms will also be operated to
cause one of the segmental cams to operate the swinging feed-wheel to press the
fillet upon the other and stationary feed-wheel a sufficient length of time to cause
a proper length of paper to be fed to receive the perforations composing the letter
represented by the said punch-selecting bar or bars.
The fourth part of the said Invention relates to a simple, reliable, and cheap
machine for operation by hand alone and adapted to perforate a fillet of paper for
alternating current or polarity transmission. It consists in certain novel
constructions and combinations of devices which will be fully understood by
reference to the Drawings illustrating this part of the said Invention in connection
with a particular description hereinafter given.
The said Invention also comprises fillets of paper perforated in a special
manner, as hereinafter described.
In the accompanying Drawings Figure 1 represents a plan or top view of my
improved apparatus constructed according to the first part of the said Invention.
Figure 2 represents a sectional view on the line X, X, Figure 1.
Figure 3 represents a side elevation of the apparatus.

page_text: Figure 4 is a detached view of the mechanism for operating the bars carrying
the punching and paper-feeding mechanism.
Figure 5 represents a detached view of the mechanism for operating the punch-
selecting bars.
Figure 6 is a diagram of a perforated paper for producing the impulses.
Figure 7 represents detached views of the punch-head and punches, and
Figures 8, 9, 10, and 11, are diagrams representing the different methods of
forming the perforations.
Figure 12 represents a top view of an improved apparatus constructed according
to the second part of my Invention.
Figure 13, a front elevation with the key-levers detached.
Figures 14 and 15 are detached views of the punch-mover.
Figure 16 shews the perforated fillet of paper.
Figure 17 is a sectional view on the line x, x, Figure 12.
Figure 18 is a sectional view on the line y, y, Figure 12, and
Figure 19 a side elevation of the apparatus sufficient to illustrate the feed and
delivery devices.
Figure 20 is a plan of a machine constructed according to the third part of my
Invention.
Figure 21 is a vertical section on the line x, x, Figure 20.
Figure 22 is a section on the line y, y, Figure 20.
Figure 23 is a detail view of the feeding and feed regulating devices.
Figure 24 is a detail view of the segmental feed-cams.
Figure 25 is a side view of a machine constructed according to the fourth part of
my Invention.
Figure 26 is a horizontal section on the line x, x, Figure 25.
Figure 27 is a vertical section on the line y, y, Figure 26.
Figure 28 is a partial face view of the punch-selecting segment, showing the
alternate positions of pins for the letter "A," and
Figure 29 illustrates the slight change of position required in the segment to
produce an alternation of the positions of the perforations.
A, Figures 1, 2, and 3, represents a continuously revolving shaft driven by any
suitable power. The said shaft has rigidly secured to it a ratchet wheel a, and has
mounted on it a loose sleeve B which carries two cam-discs C, D, adapted to operate
the levers or arms E, F, as more fully hereinafter explained. To the disc C is
pivoted a pawl or clutch c which is adapted to be thrown into and out of gear
with the ratchet-wheel a by means of an angle or bell-crank-lever d pivoted to a
suitable standard. The said lever is held in a normal position by means of a short
lever e pivoted to the standard, and while in said position engages the end of the
pawl or clutch c, and holds it away from the ratchet-wheel a, permitting the shaft
A to revolve independently of the sleeve B and its attachments. G indicates a
reciprocating latch-bar connected by means of an angle-lever g and rod f, with an
oscillating frame H pivoted in suitable bearings, and extending transversely below
the key-levers hereinafter more fully described, so as to be oscillated thereby when
one of said levers is depressed, the said frame being held in a normal position by
means of a spring. The said bar G is provided near its forward end with an
upright projection, which sets directly under the lower arm of the angle-lever d,
Figure 4, and forward of the said projection is provided with a shoulder which
serves to engage with the lower end of the lever e, and trip it when the rod f and
bar G are drawn back by the depression of one of the key-levers so as to release
the angle-lever, and permit it to be shifted by means of the spring from its
normal position. The lower arm of the said angle-lever, when in its normal
osition, engages the lower end of the pawl or clutch c, and holds it away from the
atchet wheel a on the shaft A, but when it is shifted, it releases said pawl which
vill then be thrown into gear with the ratchet-wheel by means of the spring i, so
s to carry the sleeve B with the rotating shaft. The dise C on the sleeve B is
provided on its periphery with a projection j which serves to trip the angle lever d
2.

page_text: after the sleeve has completed one revolution, and return the said lever to its
normal position so as to engage the lower end of the pawl or clutch c, and release
it from the ratchet-wheel. The bar G is capable of a slight oscillating movement
in a vertical direction by means of a spring. When the angle-lever is thrown
out of its normal position by the operation of the bar G and lever e, the lower arm
of the said angle-lever bears against the projection on the bar G, and holds it
down so as to keep the shoulder clear of the lower end of the lever e.
angle-lever is tripped by the projection j on the disc C, the lower end of the said angle-
lever & will be elevated, permitting the lever e to spring under its end, and releasing
the pressure upon the projection h, allowing the bar G to be elevated so that the
shoulder will engage the lower end of the lever e; this lever e will thus be
tripped by the said shoulder k at the next depression of a key-lever.
When the
E indicates a lever fulcrumed at e¹ and having a roller e² at its upper end bearing
against the cam I on the sleeve B. To the said lever is connected one end of a
reciprocating rod J, to the other end of which is attached the punch-head K. The
said rod and lever are held in a normal position by means of a spring 1, and are
shifted so as to operate the punch-head by means of the cam I, when a key is
depressed and the sleeve B is rotated by the revolving shaft A.
L, L, represent the key-levers which are fulcrummed at m and extend forward
to the front of the apparatus terminating in a series of keys L¹. The said levers
are held in a normal position by means of suitable springs. M, M, represent a series
of supplementary levers or bars having bearings at one end on a rod n, the opposite
ends being fitted into notches in a sliding bar N. The said supplementary levers
are arranged directly over the key-levers L. To the rear ends of the key-levers
are secured transverse pieces o which serve to raise the supplementary levers or
bars M upon the depression of the keys. These pieces o are located successively
nearer the ends of the respective levers as they recede from the fulcrums of the
punch-selecting bars, as shown in Figure 1 of the Drawings, in order to elevate the
said punch-selecting bars the same distance at the depression of each key, as more
fully hereinafter specified.
O indicates the punch-selecting bars which extend transversely over the ends of
the supplementary levers or bars M, and are pivoted at one end to the frame o'.
The opposite ends of said levers or bars are shaped to correspond with the punches
so that when they are elevated and brought opposite the ends of the said punches
they will actuate them in proper order to make the necessary perforations in the
slip of paper. The lower edges of the punch-selecting bars are notched or recessed,
as indicated in Figure 5, in such relation to keys and supplementary bars that
when a punch-selecting bar is not required to actuate the proper punch in the
formation of a perforation, the supplementary lever or bar will be thrown into the
notch or recess as it is raised, leaving such punch-selecting bar in a normal position
and elevating the other punch-selecting bars to operate in conjunction with the
The
punches to form the perforations for producing the required character.
selection of the punch-selecting bars or levers however further depends upon the
position given to the supplemental levers, as more fully hereinafter described.
P indicates a standard to which is secured a shaft p², upon which is journalled a
cam Q having a compound cam on its periphery or at the edge of a crown flange,
as in Figure 1. Motion is imparted to said wheel by means of a ratchet-wheel p
and a pawl 2 attached to a swinging arm q which in turn is connected to a rod 1.
The said rod is connected to an oscillating frame R pivoted at s and a¹ and
located transversely under the key-levers L. The depression of certain keys serves
to oscillate the said frame, giving a reciprocating movement in a backward direction
to the arm which carries the pawl 2 into the next tooth of the ratchet-wheel p.
Upon relieving the key of pressure and releasing it the frame is returned to its
normal position by the spring 82, thus throwing the arm and pawl into their normal
positions and moving the cam-wheel forward to the extent of one tooth. The cam-
wheel Qis prevented from moving backward by the pawl p³ acting in and upon
the ratchet-wheel p.

page_text: The reciprocating bar N carries a pin w operated by means of the cams on the
cain-wheel Q, which in connection with the spring 20 moves said bar back and
forth at each depression of the keys, thereby shifting the supplemental bars to the
right or left a given distance and changing the positions of the respective supple-
imentary bars or levers M in order to alternate the punch-selecting bars or levers,
the said supplementary levers when in position to the right serving to elevate one
series of punch-selecting levers, and when in position to the left to release the first
mentioned bars and elevate others to act in conjunction with the punches. As it
is essential for the system herein mentioned that the component perforations
forming the integral perforation representing the letters or signs shall alternate,
it becomes necessary that the polarity interchange shall be effected when the
integral perforations consist of an uneven number of component parts. If the
integral perforations for a letter or sign, as is shown at "S," Figure 9, form an
even number of characters or dots and dashes, then no change occurs for the next
letter. If, however, the characters are uneven in number, as in "I," Figure 9, then
a change must occur for the next letter, the change being made only when an
uneven number of characters is used, and this occurs only in certain letters, as is
well known, in which the key-levers of such lettors rest on the frame R so that
the depression of the key will swing the frame and actuate the devices as aforesaid.
The key-levers of such letters that require punches to form only an even number of
characters are provided each with a recess, as shown at (10) Figure 3, to permit
such levers when depressed to pass over the frame R.
K represents a punch-head-carrier or support for the punches t. The said punch-
head is supported in position opposite the punch-selecting bars in any suitable
nanner, and is so arranged that a reciprocating movement may be given to the
said punch-head by the rod J attached to the upright arm E which is pivoted
at e', and has a roller e³ secured to it; said roller impinges or rests upon the cam I,
and is held firmly thereon by the spring 1, as before mentioned. As the cam I is
revolved a forward motion is given to the punch-head K by the action of the
lever E and rod J, the spring 7 serving to return the punch-head to its normal
position immediately after the point of the cam furthest from its axis has passed
the roller e. In lieu of the spring 1 for returning the punch-head to place, a second
cam or eccentric may be used, thereby giving a positive and easy to-and-fro motion
of the punch-head by the same power, and with least shock to the parts, and with
the least noise. Attached to the punch-head or carrier is a metal bar u which
passes across and between the punches t, t, fitting into the recesses in the same;
this bar u serves to keep the punches t, t, clear of the bars O when at rest.
Attached to the frame or support o¹ is a bar v similar to the bar u, which serves.
to draw the punches from the die d' as the punch-carrier returns to its place.
By the use of the pieces and u springs that are objectionable for returning
the punches are dispensed with, and a positive and reliable movement obtained.
Although but six punches are shewn, three in each row, it will be understood
that as many may be used as may be required to form the perforated characters.
Y indicates a series of auxiliary bars pivoted to the support o¹ and parallel with
the punch-selecting bars O. The said auxiliary bars are provided with shoulders y
near their forward ends, which shoulders are formed at varying distances from said
ends for the purpose of regulating the movement of the lever V; this lever V is
secured by a shouldered screw to a support T', and the arm this pivoted to a
support, and carries a pawl 3 which engages and operates a ratchet wheel t
secured to drum S¹ mounted on a shaft d. The said lever V is connected to the
arm t¹ by means of a link V¹, so that the two will move together. The lever V is
also secured to a rod U which is connected to the oscillating lever F fulcrumed at f.
The lever F carries a friction-roller 3 which bears against the cam-disc D on the
sleeve B. As the said cam D is rotated the rod U is drawn back from the punches
by a spring u¹ until caught by one of the bars Y, which serves as a stop to limit
the movement of the lever V, and control the distance of its oscillation, and regulate
the feed of the paper to correspond to the length of the perforations for each

page_text: particular character, the said rod being driven forward by the cam D after being
arrested by the bars Y, giving a partial rotation to the drum S¹ by the action of
the pawl ts upon the ratchet-wheel t
A roller s is arranged to bear against the fillet of paper and press it against the
periphery of the drum S¹ so as to draw it through the die at each movement of
the said drum, and present a fresh portion of the paper to the punches, the
movement of the paper, as before stated, depending upon the movement of the
lever V, which is regulated by the spacing bars Y, which are elevated one at a
time, the particular spacing bar elevated depending upon the length of the integral
perforations to produce a given character.
In the several diagrams indicating the perforated strip a indicates the
component parts of the integral perforations representing the characters which
alternate, as clearly shown in Figure 6, from one line to the other. It will be
perceived that where the integral perforations form an even number of component
parts or characters for a letter, as indicated by the character representing the
letter "
A," the perforations or characters necessarily alternate; but when a letter
composed of an uneven number of component characters follows another of the
same kind, the integral perforations for the component parts require to be reversed,
as indicated by the integral perforations representing the characters for the
letter "S," Figure 6, in order that the perforations may alternate properly. In
operation the action of the apparatus is as follows :-
Motion being imparted to the main shaft A by any suitable power upon
depressing a key lever bearing on the frames H, R, the same are depressed and
the following movements take place :-
The frame H upon being depressed carries forward the rod f, which oscillates the
bell-crank-lever g, giving a backward motion to the shoulder k of the bar G, thereby
tripping the oscillating stop-lever e, which permits the bell-crank-lever d to be
thrown into the position shewn in Figure 4, the lower arm disengaging from the
clutch c and resting upon the stop-pin p³ (Figure 4), and serving as a lock to the
stop-lever e, while the end of the upper arm rests upon the periphery of the disc C
of the sleeve B. As the lower arm of the lever d is disengaged from the clutch c,
and the clutch is thrown down upon and into the ratchet wheel a by the spring i,
the said clutch revolves therewith one complete revolution at each depression of a
key, and is thrown out or disengaged therefrom by the projection j in its revolution
coming against the upper arm of the lever d, and throwing the lower arm up into
the path of the clutch c, where it is held by the stop-lever e, which is thrown by
its spring against the pin p and under the lever d, so that the lower arm of said
lever acts as a stop to the clutch c.
Simultaneously with the depression of the frame H the frame R is depressed,
moving the rod r attached thereto and the arm q forward, and consequently the
pawl p, which is made to take another tooth in the ratchet wheel p, the wheels p
and being held in place by the stop pawl p³. Simultaneously therewith the
lever L of the key depressed at the point o raises one of the supplementary bars M,
which in turn raises one or more of the punch-selecting bars O and one of the feed-
regulating bars Y. It will be perceived then that the depression of the frames
H, R, the action of the devices f, g, G, h, D, d, c, and devices ?, q, pl, and the raising
of the bars M, O, Y, all occur in the same instant or period of time. Immediately
the clutch takes into the revolving ratchet or spur wheel a the said clutch and the
cams on the sleeve B become a part of the shaft A and revolve therewith, and the
following movements take place:-
The cam I acts upon the roller e on the lever E, moving by means of the con-
necting rod or bar J the punch-carrier forward and the punches up to and against
the punch-selecting bars that have been raised thereby, driving the punches into
the die d' and perforating the paper, the spring serving to throw the punch-carrier
back to its place immediately that part of the cam furthest from the axis has
passed in its revolution the roller e2. Simultaneously with the movement of the
cam I the cam D changes its position and permits the spring u¹ to contract and

page_text: move the rod U and the lever V back from the paper until the lever V is stopped
by the raised paper-feeding spacing bar Y. The cam I and cam D are so arranged
in relation to each other that immediately after the can I has carried the punch-
head forward and perforated the paper, and permitted a partial return of the punch-
carrier and the withdrawal of the punches from the paper, the cam D in its revolu-
tion drives the rod U, levers V and t¹ forward, partially revolving the drum S¹ by
the action of the pawl on the ratchet-wheel , the movement of the paper
depending upon the backward movement of the lever V, which is regulated by the
bars Y, as herein before explained.
It will be observed that the above described operations take place upon the
depression of the key. The operations and movements that occur when the key is
released are as follows:-The frame H is returned to its place by the spring se,
thereby carrying the shoulder into normal position, as shewn in Figure 2.
Simultaneously there with the frame R is returned to place by the spring s², Figure 3,
carrying forward the rod r, arm q, and pawl p', Figure 5, and driving the compound
cain-wheel Q by means of the ratchet-wheel p. The wheel Q in turn in its inove-
ment acts on the pin win the bar N, which pin is held against the said wheel Q
by the spring 20, the bar N and supplementary bars M being moved to the right
or left, thereby changing the position of the bars M in relation to the levers L
and O. Should now the same key be again depressed the same movements would
occur and the same results be obtained, excepting only that the position of the
bars M having been changed in relation to the bars O and levers L different punch-
selecting bars O would be raised and different punches used; and if, for instance,
the characters punched had been as shown in Figure 10 upon repeating the same
they would appear as shewn in Figure 11, the first component part of the integral
perforation representing the character being in one case in the top line or row of
perforations and in the other case in the bottom row, the same being caused by
using the first stop punch first in one case and the first bottom punch first in the
other case.
It will be observed that the above explanation is only in reference to
such keys that bear upon the frame R. It applies however to all the keys, with
this exception, that such keys that are provided with the recess 10, Figure 3, pass
over the frame R when they are depressed and do not operate the same, so that the
mechanism connected with R is not operated, and the position of the bars M, N,
remain unchanged unless a key is depressed that bears on the frame R.
I do not limit myself to the method shewn of changing the position of the bars
M and N, as there are many other methods of effecting the same result; neither do
I confine myself to the precise method of controlling the clutch c, as various other
devices may be used without departing from the general principle of my Invention.
The second part of this Invention although it relates in some of its parts to
perforators of the class herein before mentioned is specially applicable to the per-
foration of paper metrically or by measurement, the perforation representing a
letter consisting simply of a single hole for single-current transmission, and two
holes for double-current or polarity transmission, the spacing or distance between
the perforations being in relation to certain letters which they represent, and
corresponding in distance between the same to the distance between such letters.
This part of the said Invention is specially designed to be employed in connection
with the system of telegraphy described in the Specification of former Letters Patent
dated April 26, A.D. 1877, No. 1640, which requires apparatus for perforating,
transmitting, receiving, and translating or changing the recorded dots or dashes into
Roman letters, and it has specially for its object to provide for the perforating and
spacing the paper, so that the perforations and spaces will correspond in arrangement
with the letters in a translating or copying machine.
In the translator hereinbefore referred to, and for a full description of which
reference is made to the said former Specification, the letters on the type-wheels
are for convenience arranged with special reference to each other, the letters most
often used being arranged on one wheel directly opposite those least used, which are
upon another wheel. The intermediate wheel is marked with the numerals in

page_text: common use. The levers to the right and left and opposite the type-pad operate
said pad to print from the wheels respectively upon the fillet. It is the function of
the record upon the receiving or record fillet to indicate to the operator which keys
are to be depressed, and this indication is given by the last or right hand dot of each
couple. For instance, if the couple of dots stand in this position, that is, on a line
inclined upward to the right, the last dot being in the upper row shews that one
of a certain set of levers is to be depressed and cause a letter of, say, the furthest
wheel from the operation, to be printed upon the translating fillet. If the dots
stand in this position, that is to say on a line inclined upwardto the left, the last
dot being in the lower row shews that one of another set of levers is to be depressed
and a letter of the nearest wheel printed, while a certain predetermined repetition
of dots or couples may indicate that a certain key is to be operated to print from
the intermediate wheel. It is the object of the present Invention to rapidly prepare
the perforated strips to be used in transmitting messages, the receiving or record
strips of which are to be used in connection with the translator, as explained.
It consists mainly in the combination with the punches of a telegraphic perforating
machine organised to perforate a fillet in two rows of mechanism for varying and
regulating the spaces between perforations representing letters in connection with
said spaces, and devices for reversing the successive perforations as regards their
relative positions in the respective rows, so that successive perforations shall be
removed a proper distance from those immediately preceding, to indicate that another
letter is to be printed, and that said perforations shall occupy a position to indicate
which wheel of the perforator is to be used.
A (Figure 12) indicates a continuously revolving shaft journalled in suitable
supports a, and adapted to be driven by any suitable power. The said shaft has
rigidly secured to it a ratchet or spur wheel B, and lias mounted loosely upon it a
pulley C provided with cams D and E and a clutch or pawl b. F indicates a shaft
mounted in the forward supports a', and parallel with the shaft A. The said shaft
F has rigidly secured to it a pulley f, a drum or cylinder G, and a feed-roller H, and
is driven by the pulley C in its revolution through the medium of a loose belt c
travelling on the pulleys C and f, when the clutch or pawl b is made to engage the
ratchet B, as more fully hereinafter explained. The pulley fis constructed of less
diameter than the pulley C, so that the cylinder G will make a complete revolution
in or about the time the main shaft is making three fourths of a revolution, or
thereabouts.
In lieu of the pulleys and belt gear wheels may be substituted, in which event
the gear-wheel on the shaft F should have a smaller number of teeth than the gear-
wheel on the shaft A, in order to give the proper relative speed to the two shafts,
and when such gear wheels are used the cylinder G should be fitted loosely on the
shaft F, and be driven by suitable friction devices. The cylinder G is provided
with a number of pins g, g, arranged spirally around its periphery and in certain
relation to each other, as more fully hereinafter specified.
c indicates a roller supported by a lever controlled by a spring, so as to bear
against the paper-drum or feed-roller H with a yielding spring pressure.
N and M indicate two swinging frames having bearings at n, m, in a suitable
support. The frame N has attached to it a rod m² extending from an arm m²; the
said rod is provided with an upright arm m³ and a shoulder m', which extends at
right angles from the said rod behind the upright swinging stop t attached thereto,
as shewn in Figure 18 of the Drawings.
r indicates a rod leading from an upright arm of the frame M and attached to a
bell-crank-lever R, one end of which bears against the boss of an arm S secured to
the shaft I. The said shaft I has also attached to it a punch-mover K.
L represents a series of key levers extending over and resting upon the frames M
and N and pivoted at d. Some of the said key bars are recessed in their lower
edges as shewn at 1, Figure 18, for the purpose hereinafter explained.
O represents a series of upright stop-bars loosely mounted in a rack-frame o and
held forward in place by the springs o³, as shown in Figure 17.

page_text: The stop-bar corresponding to each particular key is moved upward when the
said key is depressed and brought under one of the projections g on the cylinder G,
and by the rotation of said cylinder is carried against a stop, arresting the rotation
of the cylinder. The said stop-bars fall forward and out of the way of the pins g
when a key is released, so that if a letter is to be repeated the cylinder may nako
another revolution, or as many as may be desired, without its being stopped by
simply depressing and releasing the key.
P indicates the punches which are supported in a frame p' to which is secured a
die Q.
Motion is imparted to the said punches in one direction by a spring u, and in the
opposite direction by the punch-mover when the same is thrown against the punches.
by the rocking motion of the shaft I imparted to the same by the cam D, the said
cam as it revolves acting against the arm S secured to the shaft I. The punch-
driver is provided with the three apertures 2, 3, 7, which permit such punches as
may not be required in forming the perforations to remain in a norinal position by
falling into said apertures while the other punches are being operated. The punch-
mover K has given to it, upon the depression of any of the key-levers that bear
upon the frame M, by the action of the rod and bell-crank-lever R acting upon
the boss of the arm S (or it may be upon any projection secured to the shaft) a
reciprocating lateral movement, which shifts the position of said punch-mover, serving
to actuate a different set of punches, as indicated in Figures 14 and 15 of the
Drawings.
X represents the winding reel, and V the delivery reel supported upon suitable
bearings in the supports wand w¹. Attached to the support w at y is an arm
carrying a roller or guide-wheel Y which is separated from the reel X a distance
equal to the width of the paper to be wound upon said reel, the said guide-wheel
serving to hold and guide the paper upon the reel X which has but one flange.
The said guide-roller is capable of a swinging or oscillating movement in the arc of
a circle, in order that it may bear constantly upon the paper as the size of the roll
increases by the winding of the paper upon the same. *The said reel X is provided
with a series of pins x, x¹, arranged in a circle at a proper distance from the centre
upon which the paper is coiled or wound, and by means of which the starting of the
paper upon the reel is facilitated, and the removal of the roll of paper from the reel
is more readily and conveniently effected.
The reel X is driven by a suitable belt X' extending from the shaft A, the said
belt being arranged to slip upon its bearing when the paper is wound taut, and in
order that the momentum of the reel X may not rupture the paper a brake-pin Z
suitably supported is arranged to be brought against the reel X the instant that
the paper is wound taut.
The arm is pivoted to an arm projecting from support wat w² and carries the
pin Z, being held away from the edge of the reel X by a suitable spring. An arm W
is pivoted to the support wl and carries a pin v and roller vl, the pin v bearing upon
the periphery of the reel V. The paper passes from the reel V over the roller v
and under the roller R₁ on the frame P₁ which supports the punch-frame p¹, and
thence over the feed-roller H and under the roller e over the roller Z' and upon the
reel X. In order that the paper may not be broken by the sudden movement of
the feed-roller H the first strain is brought on the arm or lever W at the roller v³,
permitting the reel to be started easily, and to prevent its running too far the
spring w³ causes the pin v to act as a brake upon the reel V.
By the arrangement of the pulleys C and f and belt c the shaft F makes a
complete revolution in less time than the main shaft A, the object being to allow
the cylinder G to move to its proper position and the paper fed or moved to the
proper distance at the first part of the revolution of the main shaft, the perforation
being accomplished at the latter part of the revolution. Upon the cylinder being
arrested by the stop bars O coming in contact with the pins g, g, the belt c will
slip on the pulley f, the main shaft completing its full revolution while the cylinder
is at rest. The pins g, g, in conjunction with the stop bars O and key-levers serve

page_text: also to regulate and determine the movement of the paper feed-rollers, and thereby
the movement or spacing of the paper, which is of varying lengths, depending upon
the relative distance between the keys as expressed by their respective pins as
arranged circumferentially on the cylinder G. The operation of the machine will
be readily understood in connection with the foregoing description.
Motion being imparted to the main shaft A. by any suitable power upon depression
of a key L bearing on the frames N, M, the hooked rod m¹ is drawn forward from
under the bell-crank-lever J, when it is thrown down upon the pin j by the spring j
releasing the end of the clutch b, when it is thrown into and upon the spur-wheel B
by the spring b. Simultaneously with the movement of the rod m¹ the rod is
drawn forward, operating the bell-crank-lever R, which gives lateral motion to the
shaft I and the parts attached thereto. Simultaneously therewith the stop bars O
are thrown up into the path of the pin g on the cylinder G.
It will be observed that all of the movements described occur simultaneously,
and as the clutch is connected to the spur wheel B, the pulley C and can-wheels
E and D are revolved with the main shaft A, the belt on the pulley C driving
the shaft F, the cylinder G, and the paper-feed-roller H; the pulley f being of
smaller diameter than the pulley C makes its complete revolution in less time than
the shaft A, so that the paper is moved in the first part of the revolution while the
perforating is effected at the last part, the operations being effected as follows:-
As the cam-wheel D) rotates the cam thereon trips the arm or lever S, oscillating
the punch-mover K, which drives or forces the punches through the punch-head?
into the die Q, perforating the paper which passes between the punch-head and the
die Q, as indicated in Figure 19 of the Drawings. Upon the key being released
the parts assume their normal position, hereinbefore described. Upon depression
of such keys as are provided with the opening the movements are the same as
before described, excepting that the frame M remains in its normal inactive
position and the shaft does not move longitudinally to shift the punch-mover
laterally.
In the third part of this Invention the main differences from the apparatus
shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, consist in modifications of the devices for regulating
the feed of the fillet of paper and for moving the punches, the object of these
modifications being to dispense with many of the noisy reciprocating parts and the
somewhat inexact ratchet and pawl of the feed mechanism, indicated in the first
part of the Invention, and to substitute therefor more smoothly and easily working
devices arranged to feed a length of paper always exactly corresponding to the
space required to receive the perforations of a letter to be formed. In Figure 20
the punch-selecting bars, punches, key-levers, and supplementary levers are
constructed and arranged as shown in Figure 1, but the continuously rotating
shaft A is arranged in suitable bearings parallel with the punch-selecting bars.
Upon one end of this shaft A' is fixed a suitable driving pulley a, and upon the
opposite end is fixed a feed-pulley S. Upon an intermediate portion of the shaft A¹
is arranged a loose sleeve B₁ carrying at one end a flange C and near the other
end a series of segmental cams D, the purpose of which will be presently explained.
At an intermediate portion the sleeve B₁ carries a wheel W₁ having in its periphery
a cam-groove wl into which extends a pin projecting from a horizontal lever Y
pivoted at y; the other end of this lever is curved and extends inwardly beyond a
friction-roller mounted on a pin projecting downwardly from the punch-moving
rod J. Upon the shaft A', contiguous to the disc C¹, is fixed a ratchet wheel a¹,
and upon said disc is pivoted a clutch-pawl cl which is adapted to be thrown into
and out of gear with the ratchet-wheel al by means of the angle or bell crank-
lever d¹ pivoted to a suitable standard d³. The said angle lever is held in a normal
position by means of a short hook lever e¹ pivoted to the standard, and while in
the said position engages with the tail of the clutch pawl.c¹ and holds the clutch
away from the ratchet-wheel a¹, thus permitting the shaft A¹ to revolve
independently of the sleeve B'.
Gindicates a latch-bar connected with the oscillating frame H pivoted in suitable

page_text: bearings and extending transversely under the key-levers, as hereinbefore fully
described with reference to Figure 1. The said bar G is provided near its forward
end with an upright projection h, which sets directly under a projection d² on the
upper arm of the angle-lever d', Figure 21, and forward of the projection h; the
said latch-bar G is provided with a shoulder, which serves to hold the lower end
of the hook lever e¹ and trip it when the bar G¹ is drawn back by the depression
of one of the key-levers, so as to release the angle-lever and permit it to be shifted
by the spring from its norinal position. The upper end of the angle-lever d¹
when its lower arm is engaged by the hook-lever stands directly under the tail of
the clutch-pawl c', and holds it away from the ratchet-wheel a'; but when the
hook lever is thrown forward and releases the lower arm the upper arm of the
angle-lever is drawn rearward by the spring ", releasing the tail of the pawl and
permitting its clutch or hooked end to be thrown into engagement with the ratchet-
wheel by means of the leaf spring 3 carried by the flange C, and the sleeve B' will
then rotate with the shaft A. The flange C is provided on its periphery with a
cam projection C", which by striking the lower arin of the angle-lever d' after the
sleeve has completed one revolution causes the upper arm to return to its normal
position, so as to engage the tail of the clutch-pawl and release the clutch from the
ratchet-wheel a'. The bar G¹, as in Figure 1, also is capable of a slight vertical
movement, being suspended by a spring. When the angle-lever is thrown out
of its normal position the projection d² bears down upon the projection of the
bar G', and thus holds the said bar down so as to keep the shoulder clear of the
lower end of hook lever e¹. When the lower arm of the angle-lever is struck by
the cam projection C the said arm will be depressed, permitting the hook of the
lever e¹ to spring over its end and the pressure upon the projection will be
withdrawn, allowing the bar G¹ to be elevated, so that the shoulder will engage
the lever e ready to trip it at the next depression of a key-lever.
When the
sleeve B' has been engaged, as before explained, with the shaft A³ and rotates
therewith, the cam-groove w' of the wheel W causes the curved end of the lever Y
to strike the friction-roller and operate the bar J to move the punch-head toward
the punch-selecting bars O.
The
It will be observed that the auxiliary bars Y and the other feed devices referred
to in the description of the first part of this Invention, and shown particularly in
Figure 1, are dispensed with in the apparatus now being described, and in lieu
thereof I use the following devices, that is to say:-The fillet of paper passes from
the punch-head between the feed-rollers S and S', the former of which is fixed upon
the end of the shaft A¹ and rotates constantly therewith; the roller S' is mounted
on a swinging arm S, projecting from a rock-shaft S3 from a loose sleeves, upon
which projects a plate S. The roller S¹ is normally held away from the roller S
by a spring at such a distance that although the roller S is in contact with the
fillet, the said fillet is not clamped between the two rollers and will not be drawn
along or fed; and in order that the feed may take place the roller S¹ must be
pressed toward the roller S and against the paper between the two rollers.
length of paper fed depends upon the length of time such pressure continues.
V designates a series of feed-regulating levers pivoted at v, and each having one
end resting upon the punch-selecting bars O. The opposite ends of the said levers
have pivoted thereto pendant arms V₁, which hang just over the space between the
plate S and the end of the sleeve B', which carries the segmental canis D, and
clear of the said plate. When the sleeve is rotating the cams D will not touch the
plate St, but when one of the arms V' drops down in front of the fillet and between
it and the sleeve a cam will strike the said arın, force it against the plate, and cause
the latter to swing rearwardly. The plate is connected by a spring s with the
arm S which carries the roller S', and as the said plate swings rearwardly the
spring s draws the said roller toward the roller S and clasps the fillet between
the two rollers with a yielding pressure, which gives the roller S sufficient friction
upon the fillet to feed it forward. There is a segmental can properly arranged for

page_text: each of the pendant arms, and said cams are of varying lengths; the longer the
cam the longer the plate will be held back and the greater the length of the paper
fed. The ends of the levers Y which rest upon the punch-selecting bars are
notched, as shown, at v³ in such a manner that when a punch-selecting bar or bars
is elevated there will be raised a proper feed-regulating lever to drop an arm V¹,
which will be struck by a cam of proper length to cause a suitable length of paper
to be fed or drawn in front of the punches to receive the perforations composing
the letter to be next formed.
The relative positions of the cam-groove w¹ and the segmental cams D are such
that when the sleeve B¹ begins to rotate the vibration of the lever Y for moving
the punches will occur during the first half of the revolution, and the feed will take
place during the latter half in order to remove from the punch-head-die the paper
or fillet just perforated. The number of feed regulating levers, pendant arms, and
segmental cams may be regulated as found desirable.
In Figures 25, 26, 27, 28, and 29, illustrating the fourth part of this Invention,
b, b, indicate the punches carried in the punch-head A, constructed as hereinbefore
described, and carried by an arm b', and free to move about a pivot a. C is the
die in which the punches work; this die is rigidly secured to the punch-head, with
a space between sufficiently wide to allow the paper fillet to move freely through.
D is an oscillating arm pivoted on a hollow vertical post D¹, rising from the base
of the machine, and capable of oscillating on said posts as a centre. B is a
segmental head carried by the end of the arm D, and having projecting from its
curved face numerous pins or studs 2. The face of this segment is just as wide as
the space occupied by the punches, of which there may be any number, and the pins
or studs i are so arranged that certain combinations of them, as desired, may be
brought opposite the punches by the swinging of the arm D, so that when the
punch-head A is forced toward the segment, certain of the punches will be struck
by corresponding studs or pins i, and forced into the die C. f designates an
upright light standard which passes loosely through recesses in the ends of the
punches, substantially as hereinbefore described, and prevents their return with the
punch head which is retracted by the spring S, and thus withdraws the punchies
from the die liberating the fillet. In the upwardly bent bifurcated end of the
arm D, opposite the segmental head, is fulcrumed a lever L, capable of vertical
movement without affecting the arm D, but when moved laterally carries the
arm D, and consequently shifts the segmental head B.
E indicates a segmental guide-plate provided with open slots e and e¹, and a
projecting index rim F arranged below said slots, and having the various letters of
the alphabet and other suitable indications inscribed thereon, and coinciding with
the slots respectively. The slots, inscriptions of the index rim, and studs or pins of
the segmental head A are so arranged relatively to each other, that when the
lever L is placed in any particular slot the segmental head will present to the
punches a combination of pins corresponding to the letter or other inscription on
the index-rim coinciding with said slot.
In order to effect the movement of the puncb-head a stem g is arranged to play
longitudinally in the hollow post D₁, and is provided with a collar g¹ which limits
its downward movement. This collar is grooved in its perimeter, and is embraced
loosely by the inner bifurcated end of the lever L, the prongs of which set in the
groove. The lower end of the stem y has a projecting pin which extends through a
slot in the end of one arm of a bell-crank-lever d, fulcrumed loosely on a shaft H,
and having its other arm extending upward through a slot in the base of the
machine, and behind a shoulder j formed on a reciprocating bar J, having one end
supported in a suitable guiding standard j', and its other end pivoted to the
punch-head A.
When the lever L is depressed the stem g is raised, carrying
with it the lever d, the upper arm of which strikes the shoulder j of the arm J,
moving the said arm far enough to cause the punches to be operated to punch the
fillet. From an upward extension of the stem g projects a pin k, and under this

page_text: pin extends one end of a lever N, the opposite end of which is connected by a link
with a lever n pivoted loosely upon the shaft r, which carries the feed-wheel O, to
which is secured a ratchet-wheel ¹, shewn in dotted lines in Figures 25 and 27.
A pawl n¹ carried by the lever n engages with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel r².
During the descent of the lever L and raising of the stem the pin releases the
end of the lever N, and the opposite end of said lever is drawn downward by a
spring p, moving the lever n, so that the pawl n' will take a fresh hold upon the
ratchet-wheel, preparatory to feeding the paper for the letter just punched, that is,
withdrawing the letter from the punch-head, and drawing in fresh paper.
The characters perforated being of different lengths, the paper must be fed
different distances. To effect this variation of the feed I provide the segmental head,
with an upwardly projecting segmental flange Q, the edge of which is notched, as
shewn at q, the notches being of variable depths. As the lever N is drawn down
by the spring p, it strikes the bottom of whichever notch may be under it,
according to the position of the segmental head A, and thus the number of teeth of
the ratchet wheel which the pawl n' skips in taking fresh hold is regulated. When
the lever is raised from the slot in which it has been depressed, it forces down
the stem g, the pink strikes the lever N, throwing its opposite end upward, and
thus moving the feed-wheel to teed the paper for the character just perforated, the
length of paper fed corresponding to the notch in which the lever N rested.
In order that this machine may produce the alterations in the positions of the
perforations necessary in the alternating current or polarity system of automatic
transmission, as heretofore explained, I provide the segmental head A with two sets
of studs or pins for each letter or character, the two sets corresponding respectively
to the alternate positions of the perforations composing the letter or character.
One or the other set of studs is brought in front of the punches by means of a
slight shifting of the segmental head. To effect this shifting the guide plate E is
rendered capable of a slight endwise movement by securing it loosely to the
segmental end of the base of the machine by means of screws which pass through.
horizontal slots t in said guide-plate, the slots being of proper length to permit of
the required movement. Upon the shaft H, which forms the pivot of the bell-
crank-lever d, is fixed a wheel U having a crown flange u, the edge of which is
corrugated as shewn, and on a pin v projecting downward from the base of the
machine is pivoted a lever W, a round pointed projection w of which is pressed
against the corrugated edge of the wheel by means of a spring w¹.
The opposite
end of the lever W engages in a notch z in the lower edge of the guide plate. The
upper arm of the bell crank lever d carries a pawl d' which engages with the teeth
of a ratchet wheel u¹ fixed to shaft H.
The slots e of the guide-plate coincide with those letters or characters on the
index rim which require that the positions of the perforations shall be alternated, and
these slots e¹ are deeper than the other slots c. The said slots e are deep enough to
permit a sufficient movement of the lever L to cause the punching of the paper,
but not deep enough to allow the stem g to be raised so high that the pawl d' will
pass over a tooth of the ratchet-wheel u¹, consequently when the lever L is depressed
in a slot e and then raised the cam-wheel U will not be moved, the guide-plate E
will not be moved by the lever W, and the lever L and segmental head A will not
be shifted horizontally as said lever L is depressed. The slots e however are of
such depth that when the lever L is depressed therein the stem g will be raised so
far that the pawl d¹ will pass over a tooth of the ratchet- wheel w, and then when
the lever is raised the cam-wheel U will be so moved that one of its projecting
corrugations will come in front of the projection wif said projection has previously
rested in an indentation, and the lever W will cause the guide-plate E to be shifted
slightly horizontally. If the projection w had previously rested upon a projection,
then the movement of the wheel would bring it into an indentation, and the
spring w would move the lever to shift the guide-plate the other way, but which-
ever way the said guide-plate is shifted the position of the slots is so changed with
respect to the studs of the segmental head that the set or combination of studs for

page_text: the succeeding letter will be alternated or so changed in position that the
perforations composing it will commence on a different line or row from that
on which the preceding perforations ended, and consequently when passed through
the transmitter the polarity change of current will take place, as hereinbefore fully
explained.
This is a very simple and cheap machine, which is however capable of no great
rapidity of work, but is very convenient to have in an office for use in case of
breakage or disorder of the more rapid machines, or in small offices where there is
not much business done.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondents and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim,
First. In a telegraphic perforater, a moveable punch-head actuated by suitable
mechanism to operate in conjunction with a series of punches to perforate the paper,
substantially as specified and as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the Drawings.
Second. In a telegraphic perforator, the combination of the key-levers and supple-
imentary levers for operating the punch-selecting bars, substantially as specified and
as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the Drawings.
Third. In combination with the key-levers, a series of punch-selecting bars
and mechanism for alternating the same, to select the punches in the punch-head
or carrier, substantially as specified and as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the
Drawings.
Fourth. In a telegraphic perforator, the combination of a reciprocating punch-
head carrying a series of movable punches and a die, with a series of separately
and independently adjustable punch-selecters adapted to be brought into the paths
of the said punches and hold them while the die is forced against them, and
mechanism for operating said punch-head and punch-selecters, substantially as
described and as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 of the Drawings.
Fifth. In a telegraphic perforator, the combination of the key-levers, the supple-
mentary levers actuated by said key-levers, devices for giving said supplementary
levers a lateral motion, the notched punch-selecting bars, and the reciprocating
punch-head carrying the series of movable punches and die, substantially as
described and as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the Drawings.
Sixth. In combination with the key-levers and the punch-head, mechanism for
operating the punch-head or carrier at each depression of a key, substantially as
specified.
Seventh. In combination with the series of separately movable key-levers, punch-
selecters, and punch-head carrying a series of punches, mechanism for operating the
punch-head and punch-selecters at each depression of a key, substantially as
described and as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the Drawings.
Eighth. In combination with the key-levers of a perforating apparatus a movable
punch-head, a rotating shaft and loosely fitting sleeve, and mechanism for
connecting the sleeve to the shaft at the depression of a key lever, to operate the
punch-head, substantially as specified and as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of
the Drawings.
Ninth. The combination with a series of key-levers, a series of punch-selecters
operated by said levers, and a reciprocating punch-head carrying a series of movable
punches, a rotating shaft carrying a loosely mounted sleeve adapted to operate the
punch-head through intermediate connections, and mechanisin for locking the
sleeve to the shaft simultaneously with the depression of cach key-lever,
substantially as described and as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the
Drawings.
Tenth. In combination with the key-levers and mechanism for actuating the
feed, the auxiliary bars for regulating the motion of the paper feed to correspond
with the length of the perforations forming each character, substantially as specified
and as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 of the Drawings.
Eleventh. The combination with the key-levers, punch-selecting bars, and

page_text: punches of the paper-feeding devices and the auxiliary bars Y adapted for operation
by the key-levers to regulate the feed to correspond with the punch-selecting bars
operated at the same time, substantially as described and as shown in Figure 1 of
the Drawings.
Twelfth. In combination with the key-levers and the supplementary levers,
mechanism for operating a punch-head, and a drum for moving the paper and its
operating mechanism, so arranged in relation to each other that the punches will
be operated in advance of the paper-feed-devices, substantially as specified and as
shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the Drawings.
Thirteenth. In combination with the paper-drum and its rotating devices, the
arm V connected to said rotating devices, the rotary shaft A and devices commu-
nicating positive motion in one direction therefrom to said arm, a spring for
retracting said arms and the bars Y, having shoulders or stops at different distances
from their free ends and the key-levers for operating said bars, substantially as
described and as shown in Figure 1 of the Drawings.
Fourteenth. In combination with the rotating shaft and loosely fitting sleeve
carrying the cams for operating the punch and feed-devices, the ratchet on said
shaft, and pawl on the sleeve, and the angle-lever and mechanism for tripping the
same, substantially as specified and as shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the
Drawings.
Fifteenth. In combination with the key-levers and the several punch-selecting
bars of intermediate mechanism through which said bars are operated by the key-
levers in alternating or non-alternating order, according to the character of the
respective levers, substantially as described and as shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the
Drawings.
Sixteenth. In combination with the angle-lever d for tripping the pawl c on the
sleeve of the rotating shaft, the stop levere for retaining said angle-lever in its
normal position, and the latch-bar G actuated (through its connections as shown)
by each of the keys, and engaging with the stop-lever and operating to trip the
latter for the purpose, substantially as specified and as shown in Figures 1 and 4
of the Drawings.
Seventeenth. In combination with the key-levers and supplementary levers the
oscillating frame R, rod r, arm q, and pawl and ratchet, by means of which the
cam is rotated to impart a reciprocating motion to the rack-bar, and alternate
the lifting of the punch-selecting bars, substantially as specified and as shown in
Figures and 5 of the Drawings.
Eighteenth. In combination with the paper-drum and its ratchet-wheel, the arm
t' and its pawl connected to the lever V, and the auxiliary bars adapted to abut
against said arm when elevated, and serve to limit its movement and the move-
inent of the feed-devices, substantially as specified and as shown in Figure 1 of the
Drawings.
Nineteenth. In combination with the punch-head and punches, the bar V
extending through the slots or recesses in the punches, and adapted to withdraw
the punches after piercing the paper, substantially as specified and as shown in
Figures 1, 2, and 7 of the Drawings.
Twentieth. In combination with the key-levers and supplementary levers, the
transverse pieces o arranged successively nearer the ends of the levers as they
recede from the fulcrum of the punch-selecting bars for the purpose of elevating
them equally, substantially as specified and as shown in Figure 1 of the Drawings.
Twenty-first. In a telegraphic perforator, the combination of a series of movable
punches arranged in two rows, a series of key-levers some of which are adapted to
operate bars for selecting punches to form an even number of characters, and others
to operate bars for selecting punches to form an uneven number of characters, and
mechanism for causing the bar selecting punches to form uneven numbers of
characters to alternately assume reversed positions with respect to the rows of
punches, as said bars are successively operated, thereby causing alternately reversed
positions of the perforations composing uneven groups of characters in the paper,

page_text: substantially as set forth and shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the
Drawings.
Twenty-second. In combination with the key levers, the oscillating frames
adapted to be operated by the same to actuate the punch-selecting bars without
alternating said bars, or to alternate the same as desired, for the purpose specified.
Twenty-third. A fillet of paper so perforated that the component parts of the
integral perforations representing the characters will alternate, substantially as and
for the purposes specified and as illustrated in Figures 6, 8, 9, 10, and 11 of the
Drawings.
Twenty-fourth. A fillet of paper having a series of perforations between the
integral perforations representing the characters in the space usually left blank
between said perforations, substantially as and for the purposes specified.
Twenty-fifth. A telegraphic perforated transmitting fillet in which the perfora-
tions are in two rows, and the integral perforations representing the characters are
alternately in opposite rows, having between each two characters an extra
perforation or series of extra perforations serving to define and separate the letters,
substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Twenty-sixth. In a telegraphic perforator, the combination with the punches of
an alternating punch-mover and suitable mechanism for operating the same,
substantially as described.
Twenty-seventh. The combination with the punching and paper fillet feeding
devices of a telegraphic perforator of mechanism for varying the extent of
unperforated space between the perforations, substantially as described and as
shown in Figures 12, 13, 17, and 18 of the Drawings.
Twenty-eighth. In a telegraphic perforator, the combination of the key-levers,
the paper feed regulating cylinder, and suitable mechanism for operating and
stopping the same, substantially as described and shown in Figures 12, 13, 17, and
18 of the Drawings.
Twenty-ninth. The combination with the punches of a telegraphic perforating
machine organized to perforate a fillet in two rows of feeding mechanism for
varying and regulating the spaces between perforations representing letters in
connection with said spaces, and devices for controlling the operation of the punches
so as to reverse the successive perforations as regards their respective rows, sub-
stantially as described and for the purposes set forth.
Thirtieth. The combination with the key-levers and the shaft carrying the paper-
feed-roller of the stop-bars O, the friction cylinder mounted on said shaft, and
having the projections for operating said bars, the stop for limiting the movement
of said bars, and of the cylinder and motive devices connected with said cylinder
and controlled by the key-levers, substantially as described and as shown in
Figures 12, 13, and 17 of the Drawings.
Thirty-first. The combination with the key-levers, of the stop-bars O, the
cylinder having projections for operating said bars, the stop for limiting the move-
ment of the same, and the cylinder and mechanism connecting said cylinder with
the paper-feeding devices, substantially as described and as shown in Figures 12,
13, and 19 of the Drawings.
Thirty-second. The combination with the continuously rotary shaft A, loose
pulley C, and clutch for engaging said pulley with said shaft, of the rotary shaft F,
friction-drum G having projections g, intermediate connections between said pulley
and drum, the stop bars O, and the key-levers for operating the same, substantially
as described and as shown in Figures 12, 13, 17, and 18 of the Drawings.
Thirty-third. The combination of the key-levers, the main rotary shaft carrying
the ratchet B, the loose pulley on said shaft carrying the clutch, the intermediate
mechanism between the key-levers and the said clutch, the paper-feed-mechanism,
and devices connecting the same with the loose pulley and the punching devices,
also connected with and operated by said pulley, substantially as described and as
shown in Figures 12, 17, and 19 of the Drawings.
Thirty-fourth. The continuously revolving shaft and ratchet and the loose pulley

page_text: and clutch in combination with the revolving paper feed regulating cylinder, and
connecting belt, or suitable gearing, substantially as described and as shown in
Figures 12 and 17 of the Drawings.
Thirty fifth. In combination with the key-levers, and feed-cylinder, the stop-
bars arranged to have not only a vertical movement but also a lateral movement,
as and for the purposes set forth.
Thirty sixth. In combination with the paper-feed-rollers, the winding reel, and
paper-delivery reel, the yielding roller, and automatic friction brake for preventing
the rupture of the paper and undue delivery of the same as it is drawn from said
reel, substantially as described and as shown in Figure 19 of the Drawing.
Thirty seventh. In combination with the paper-feed-rollers, the winding reel,
and paper-delivery reel, the friction brake for preventing the rupture of the paper
as it is drawn from said delivery reel, substantially as described and as shown in
Figure 19 of the Drawing.
Thirty eighth. In combination with the feed-rollers and the winding reel, the
friction brake for preventing rupture of the paper as it is wound upon the reel,
substantially as described and as shown in Figure 19 of the Drawings.
Thirty ninth. In combination with the winding reel, a rotating movable flanged
guide-roller having an oscillating motion to guide the paper and hold it in place
while it is being wound on the reel, substantially as described and as shown in
Figure 19 of the Drawings.
Fortieth. The winding reel provided with a series of pins arranged essentially in
circular form for catching the paper and supporting it while being wound,
substantially as described.
Forty first. In combination with the key-levers a series of stop-bars loosely
connected therewith, and a series of stop-pins or projections suitably arranged on
the feed-regulating cylinder, substantially as described.
Forty second. In combination with the paper-feed-rollers and intermittently
acting punches the winding reel and paper-delivery reel, the yielding roller v¹ and
automatic friction-brake-arm W for preventing the rupture of the paper and undue
delivery of the same as it is drawn from said reel, and the yielding roller 2¹ and
automatic brake-lever for regulating the movement of the winding reel,
substantially as described and as shown in Figure 19 of the Drawings.
Forty third. A telegraphic fillet perforating machine having a series of revolving
segmental cams of different lengths arranged in such relation to a continuously
rotating feed-wheel mounted upon a fixed axis and a swinging or diametrically
movable auxiliary feed-wheel, and also to certain movable intermediate arms
operated by the punch-selecting bars that when any punch-selecting bar or number
of bars are operated, one of the intermediate arms will also be operated to cause
one of the aeginental cams to operate the diametrically movable feed-wheel to press
the fillet upon the other feed-wheel a sufficient length of time to cause a proper
length of paper to be fed to receive the perforations composing the letter represented
by the said punch-selecting bar or bars, substantially as described.
Forty fourth. In a telegraphic fillet-perforating machine, the combination of the
punch-selecting bars O, the notched feed-regulating levers V, the pendant arms V₁,
the series of segmental cams D carried by sleeve B' operated by devices substantially
as described, the swing plate S, continuously rotating feed-roller S, movable feed-
roller S, and a suitable spring connecting the support of said roller S¹ with said
plate S, all essentially as shown in Figures 20 and 23.
Forty fifth. The combination with the key-levers, supplementary levers, and
devices for alternating the punch-selecting bars, substantially as described, of the
rotary shaft A, sleeve B¹ carrying cam grooved wheel W and segmental cams D,
devices for engaging and disengaging the said wheel from said shaft, the notched
feed-regulating levers V, pendant arms V', swinging plate S, continuously rotating
roller S, swinging roller S', and suitable devices connecting said swinging roller
with said plate, substantially as described and shown in Figures 20, 21, 22,
and 23.

page_text: Forty sixth. In a telegraphic fillet-perforating machine, the combination of the
swinging segmental head B provided with the pins or studs i and notched flange Q
with a series of movable punches, the feed-mechanism operating lever N and
devices for operating said punches and lever, substantially as described and as
shown in Figures 25 and 27.
Forty seventh. The combination with the movable punch-head and punches of
the swinging segmental head B provided with studs or pins arranged in alternate
sets, the lever L, slotted guide-plate E, and devices for automatically shifting said
guide-plate, substantially as shown in Figures 25, 26, and 27, and for the purpose
set forth.
Forty eighth. The combination of the punch-head carrying movable punches
and the swinging segmental head provided with alternated sets of studs or pins,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Forty ninth. The combination with the swinging punch-head carrying movable
punches, the swinging segmental head B carrying alternated sets of pins or studs,
and the lever L of the movable slotted guide-plate E having slots of different
depths, the devices for moving the punch-head, the cam wheel U, means for moving
the same, and the lever W engaged with said movable guide-plate and acted upon
by a spring, substantially as shown in Figures 25 and 27, and for the purpose set
forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of May, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty.