AN IMPROVED ARRANGE- MENT OF ENDLESS SAWING MACHINERY
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Fritz Heckner, resident at Brunswick, Duchy of
Brunswick, Engineer, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVED ARRANGE-
MENT OF ENDLESS SAWING MACHINERY."
Sealed the 3rd December 1869, and dated the 7th June 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Fritz Heckner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
7th June 1869.
I, FRITZ HEOKNER, résident at Brunswick, Duchy of Brunswick,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT OF ENDLESS SAWING MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in an improved arrangement of endless sawing
machine, the essential features of which are, first, the circulation or
travelling of the endless saw round two superposed discs, and at the
same time round a third disc, which serves as a fly wheel to obtain the
direct transmission of manual power applied to a crank handle thereon;
this arrangement permits of varying the size of the fly wheel to give
the saw the desired speed; it assists the circulation or movement, the
durability, and. the proper action of the saw; secondly, the endless saw
guided by four rollers, which can be displaced or moved at will; these

page_text: rollers are provided with elastic material at the frictional part, and two
of them have a flange; thirdly, the lateral displacement of an upper arm
hereafter mentioned, and of the upper disc to allow of placing the
wood in a horizontal position when it is desired to cut diagonally.
The construction of the machine will be understood from the following
description of the parts of which it is composed:-Two side frames
united by stays or cross pieces receive on a bracket the lower saw disc,
and carry a box with the upper arm before referred to, as well as the
upper saw disc, and a carriage with the fly wheel and the table. The
endless saw travels round the two discs and round the fly wheel, which
is provided with a handle for turning it. The bearings of the fly wheel
are placed on the carriage by means of which the tension of the saw can
be regulated by a screw and nut. Four rollers serve as guides to the
saw, two of them are provided with a flange; their friction surface is
covered with elastic material. These rollers are placed in slides in order
that they may be displaced horizontally from the two sides. The two
upper rollers can also be moved vertically. For the larger sizes of wood
to be cut the upper disc is placed in an upper centre of the upper arm.
When it is required to make diagonal cuts it is necessary to screw the
screws which fix the upper arm and the upper disc on the box, then the
arm is made to slide in slots by means of a key or handle applied to a
screw which works in a nut in the box. The four guide rollers are also
moved in their slides into a corresponding position. The carriage is
guided laterally by the box; it is held vertically by screws.
In order to drive the machine by mechanical power a pulley on the
axle of the fly wheel may be substituted for the handle thereon. A
greater number of discs may if required be employed for the circulation
or travelling of the saw, and only two guide. rollers may be employed
instead of the four described.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of June, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Fritz Heckner, Her special licence
that I, the said Fritz Heckner, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Fritz Heckner, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVED
ARRANGEMENT OF ENDLESS SAWING MACHINERY," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said. Fritz Heckner, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters.
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Fritz Heckner, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement,. reference being had to the Drawings hereunto
annexed, and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to
say):-
The improved arrangement of endless sawing machinery, which forms
the subject of my Invention, is shewn in the accompanying Drawings,
in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an endless band saw machine
constructed according to my Invention; Fig. 1b is an end view, and
Fig. 1 is a plan view of the same.
The side standards A, A, of the framework are connected together by
cross pieces or stretchers, and are provided with moveable bearings to
carry the two pullies or discs S³, 83, around which and also round the fly
wheel or driving pulley 8 passes the endless band saw. The bearings y³
of the driving pulley or fly wheel S are placed upon a carriage x, which
is capable of being moved on its bed by means of an adjusting screw for
the purpose of tightening the endless band saw when required, and

page_text: keeping it at proper tension. The driving pulley or fly wheel S is
provided with a winch handle, whereby it may be turned or rotated by
manual labour. It will be evident that by increasing or diminishing
the diameter of the fly wheel any desired speed may be imparted to the
endless band saw. The arrangement of parts shewn in the Drawing
prevents undue wear and tear, and strain on the band saw and facilitates
its proper working. n', n³, n³, and n*, are antifriction or guide rollers,
two of which are provided with flanges. They serve as guides for
the band saw and their rubbing surfaces are covered with some suitable
elastic material. The stalk no, which supports the upper guide pullies
n, n, is secured by a screw bolt in a slot made in the horizontal arm A¹
of the framing, and is so arranged that the guide pullies n', n³, may be
raised or lowered on their stalk, or moved laterally along the slots and
secured by the screw bolts in any desired position, so that the endless
band saw may be more or less inclined to the right or left as may be
required for cutting dovetails, or for cutting in diagonal or angular lines.
The lower rollers n³ and n', are also capable of being moved along the
slot in the lower arm. They are not however absolutely necessary, but
they will assist in keeping the band saw steady. When it is required to
shift the guide pullies for the purpose of cutting at an angle it will only
be necessary to loosen the nuts of the screw bolts which hold the stalks
or supports of the pullies, so that the latter may be shifted along the
slots to the required position, where they may be secured by tightening
up the nuts and screws again.
Figures 2, 2, and 2°, represent side, end, and plan views of a machine,
in which a vibrating fret saw, and also an arrangement for drilling are
adapted to my improved endless band saw arrangement.
For the purpose of carrying the drilling mechanism B, there is a
second bracket arm D fixed to the standard K near the arm h. The
drill 6 of the boring or drilling mechanism is actuated by means of a
band X (shewn by dots in Fig. 2), which communicates motion from
the band wheel R to the small band pulley Z, Fig. 2°. The fret saw E
is secured to the rods H, H", by means of clamping nuts; and these
rods H³, H", are mounted in guides I', I", and are secured to the
vibrating or rocking beams or levers 7, 11, the inner ends of which are con-
nected together by the vertical rod d. The beams or levers ², ³, by this
arrangement act as tension springs for keeping the saw blade tight. The
amount of tension is regulated by means of a small cam or excentric

page_text: provided with a handle i, whereby the cam is turned on its centre of
motion, and by so doing raises the hinge joint o to some extent. The
handle i and cam or excentric are held in position by a spring segment
rack e. The lower cross piece on the connecting link g¹ is adjustable
on the rod H¹, and may be regulated according to the length of the saw.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a machine suitable for carpenters' shops,
firewood cutters, and for such like purposes. For the convenience of
moving it about from place to place it is mounted on four wheels. The
front axle can be pivotted to the under side of the framework for the
convenience of turning the machine in either direction.
For firewood cutting a carriage M is employed to receive and support
the timber, and is mounted and moves on rollers on the table T*. On
this carriage M are secured iron rails or guides, between which the wood
is laid and may be pushed forward up to the saw.
Fig. 4 represents a side elevation of the saw frame adapted to be
actuated by power; Fig. 4b is an end elevation of the same.
The carriage for moving the bearings of the driving wheel is placed
between two cross pieces Q, Q. Instead of the arm h, in Fig. 1°, there
are two supports h¹, h", which allow of the upper band pulley S¹ being
adjusted horizontally as well as vertically by means of the hand wheels
and screws u and W. The two guide rollers n and n¹ in this arrange-
ment have no flanges, but the back of the saw runs against a third
roller 12, Fig. 4. These three rollers are mounted in bearings, which
are pivotted to a stalk or bracket suspended from the bracket arm h¹
so as to allow of an adjustment either forwards or backwards. The
bearings of the pulley S¹ also admit of horizontal adjustment as shewn
in the Drawing.
Having now described my Invention of "An Improved Arrangement
of Endless Sawing Machinery," and having explained the manner of
carrying the same into effect, I claim as the Invention secured to me by
Letters Patent as aforesaid,-
Mounting the endless band saw upon two discs placed one above the
other, and extending it also round a third pulley or disc which acts as
the fly wheel and driving pulley, so that the saw may be driven by
manual labour applied to a winch or handle attached to the large wheel,
or by other motive power.

page_text: I also claim mounting these discs or pulleys in adjustable or moveable
bearings in combination with the guide pulleys n¹, n³, n³, n', and n³, as
herein set forth, so that the endless band saw may be set at any desired
angle.
In witness whereof, I, the said Fritz Heckner, have hereunto set 5
my hand and seal, the First day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine..