An Improved Harrow.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 30th June, 1899-Accepted, 25th Nov., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Harrow.
I, MARTIN BAURMANN, of Karst, near Neuss, in the German Empire, Farmer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
The present invention relates to an improved harrow for harrowing or culti-
vating the soil, the purpose of the invention being to construct a harrow which is
more efficient in cultivating the ground or soil, than it was hitherto possible to
With this end in view my
attain with the usual construction of harrows.
aproved harrow is constructed in two parts in such a manner that primarily the
soil is cultivated by knives penerating same thus cutting and reducing the manure,
roots or the like on or in the soil, and following them the tines come into action
and harrow the soil in the usual manner.
I will now proceed to describe my invention more fully, reference being had
to the accompanying drawings, in which
Fig. 1 shows a plan view of my improved harrow.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation of same.
Fig. 3 is a detail view of one of the knives on an enlarged scale.
Fig. 4 is a detail view of one of the tines, likewise on an enlarged scale, and
Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view of the manner in which the cultivating imple-
ments are arranged when in working position.
In the drawings a, b, c, d indicate the four cross beams of the harrow, arranged
at equal distances apart from each other and rigidly connected in pairs by means
of curved side pieces e, e, f, f, which connect the beams a and b and c and d,
respectively by any suitable means. Connecting beams g, g, h, h are secured
across the cross beams a, b and c, d so as to extend some distance beyond one of
the beams they are secured to. The projecting ends of the connecting beams of
one pair of cross beams are connected to the projecting ends of the connecting
beams of the second pair of cross beams by means of hooks i, i and rings k, k or in
any other suitable manner provided that the means employed ensure a reliable
connection but simultaneously permit a certain limited play between the two
parts a and b, and c and d in regard to each other.
Knives o
The draught chain is secured to the front beam a at the points m n.
are provided at the lower side of the beams a, b, pointing rearwardly at an acute
angle. I have found it advantageous to arrange 10 knives on the beam a, while
I arrange 11 knives on the beam b, the knives of one beam being fastened at a
point intermediate between two knives of the second beam, but it is obvious that
the number of knives employed will vary according to the width of the harrow
and other requirements. At the lower side of the beams c, d, the tines p are
arranged so as to point forward at an acute angle; it is preferable to secure the
tines to the beam c in such a manner that their arrangement coincides with
the arrangement of the knives o on the beam a, i.e., that each tine of the beam c
is situated intermediate between a pair of tines on the beam d. It is however to
be observed that the points of the tines will penetrate the soil between the points
of the knives, so that in using the harrow every knife or tine respectively cuts
its own furrow

page_text: The knives and tines are secured to the beams by any well known suitable
means such as forming screw-threads on their upper extremities and providing
the same with corresponding screw nuts as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
The operation of the improved double harrow is as follows:-
-
The harrow is drawn in the usual manner, the knives and tines being directed
towards the soil as usual. On drawing the harrow the knives of the beams a, b
deeply enter the soil and cut or prepare roots or the like in same in such a manner
that the tines of the beams c, d can easily and deeply penetrate the soil and thus
cultivate or harrow same more efficiently, than it was hitherto possible.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1). An improved harrow comprising two independent pairs of beams connected
together by means of transverse beams and hooks and rings, one pair of beams
having a number of rearwardly pointing knives provided at the underside of the
two beams in such a manner that the knives of one beam are arranged
intermediate between the knives of the second beam, the second pair
of beams having a number of tines pointing forwardly provided at the underside
of the two beams in a manner similar to that of the knives of the other pair of
beams, but at points intermediate between the points of the knives, substantially
as described and shown and for the purpose mentioned.
2). An improved harrow comprising two independent but interconnected pairs
of beams with knives and tines, the whole constructed arranged and adapted to
operate substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 28th day of June 1899.
B. REICHHOLD,
International Patent Office, 24, Luisen Strasse, Berlin, N.W., Germany,
Agent for the Applicant.