Improvements in the Manufacture of Soap.
Year: 1890

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Soap.
I, ALBERT WILHELM REHNSTRÖM of Mälhammer, Rekarne, Sweden, Dairy
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The milk is concentrated by evaporation and nothing or more or less of the fat or
of the caseine in the milk is taken out of it according as the future hard or soft soap is
intended to be a cleaning or a cosmetic agent. If the former is intended the salts
of the milk together with the lactin ought to be the principal agents in the
preparation; but if a cosmetic is wanted more of the milder constituents of the
milk, caseine and fat, should he mixed in the soap. This sort of soap is alike suit-
able as a common cleaning agent when washing and bathing, as a shaving-soap or as
a cosmetic rendering the skin soft and supple removing sunburn etc.
The milk soap is produced in the following manner;
The soap is prepared so that pure milk or milk with which a cheaper fat has been
mixed, is heated to boiling when there is added to the milk a solution of alkali in
such a quantity and strength that a sufficient quantity of alkali is always present for
saponifying the fat. When the fat is perfectly combined with the alkali the mass.is
treated in the usual manner according as it has to be used as hard or soft soap. The
milk may also be more or less separately and by means of rennet or otherwise deprived
of its caseine and previous to the boiling mixed with any cheap fat and this emulsion
subjected to saponification.
The milk treated in the said manner may be saponified by a solution either of
soda, potash or ammonia in suitable proportions according to the percentage of fat
in the milk and according as a hard soap or a liquid washing agent is wanted.
To the percentage of fat contained in the above mixtures there is added for
saponifying from 1 to 200 per cent. by weight of lye of different strength according
to the manufacture wanted to be prepared.
The soap may lastly also be made in such a way that the milk after having been
separated or otherwise deprived of more or less fat or by means of rennet deprived of
more or less caseine or with the fat and caseine retained is evaporated to a more or
less concentrated form and this concentrated milk is mixed with the melted soap
substance produced in the usual manner whereafter the same is treated as usual when
making soap. When the concentrated milk is added to the soap mass, the fat in the
milk acts in the same way as other common fats that is to say it saponifies itself with
the alkali and the peculiar etheric oils accompanying the milk produce a soft and
fatty consistency of the soap which lastly at a certain degree of concentration of the
whole mass is precipitated owing to the salts accompanying the milk.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is ;-
1. The method substantially as described of preparing hard or soft soap by
saponifying milk either natural more or less concentrated or mixed with soap
substance which milk has or has not previously been deprived of more or less of its
natural fat or caseine and in the latter event mixed with a cheaper fat and then
treating the mass in the usual manner for preparing soap.
2. A hard or soft soap prepared by sabonifying milk either natural or
more o

page_text: less concentrated or mixed with soap substance which milk has or has not previously
more or less been deprived of its natural fat or caseine and in the latter event
mixed with a cheaper fat whereafter the mass has been treated as usual substantially
as specified.
Datad 41.901
1000