IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPING BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1853

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Ash, of 211, High Street, in the
Borough of Southwark, in the County of Surrey, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPING BOTTLES AND OTHER
VESSELS."
Sealed the 4th May 1853, and dated the 10th February 1853.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Ash at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,"
on the 10th February 1853.
.I, ROBERT ASH, of 211, High Street, in the Borough of South-
5 wark, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPING BOTTLES AND
VESSELS" to be as follows:-..
This Invention consists of making a stopper of, two parts, one to
enter the neck of a bottle or other vessel, and the other to cover
0 the opening of the part which enters the neck of the bottle or
vessel. The part which enters the neck is tubular, and is coated
with a yielding elastic substance on the outside by which it will
enter and fit tightly into the neck. Near the upper end of this
tube is formed a flanch. Over this tubular part is placed a cup or

page_text: cover, which is formed to fit the upper end of the tubular part of
the stopper; and the cap is provided with a flanch to correspond
with the other flanch, and between such flanches a cement is
applied to fix the cap or cover, which, in some cases, is lined with
a yielding elastic substance.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Ash in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 5th August 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
ROBERT ASH, of 211, High Street, in the Borough of Southwark,
in the County of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, in the
sixteenth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Robert Ash, Her special
licence that I, the said Robert Ash, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert Ash, my exc-
cutors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN STOPPING BOTTLES AND OTHER VESSELS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Ash, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particu-
larly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Ash, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
This Invention consists of making a stopper of two parts, one to
enter the neck of a bottle or other vessel, and the other to cover the
opening of the part which enters the neck of the bottle or vessel:
The part which enters the neck is tubular, and is coated with a
yielding clastic substance on the outside by which it will enter, and
fit tightly into the neck. Near the upper end of this tubular part
is formed a flanch. Over this tubular part is placed a cap or
cover, which is formed to fit the upper end of the tubular part of
the stopper; and the cap is provided with a flanch to correspond
with the other flanch, and between such flanches a cement is
applied to: fit the cap or cover, which, in some cases, is lined with
a yielding elastic substance. And in order that my said Invention
may be more fully understood, and readily carried into effect, I
will proceed to describe the means pursued by me.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS..
Figure 1, shows a section of the neck of a bottle having a stopper
therein according to my Invention, the parts being shewn on a
magnified scale. a, is the tubular portion of the stopper, which fits
into the neck of the bottle; a' is a flanch, and b, is the cover, which
is either cemented or retained tightly on the upper part of the tube a,
by means of a screw or groove, which is slightly inclined, and
which receives into it the neb or projection c, so that when the cap
or cover is turned a short distance the cap will be securely retained,
and the bottle or vessel will be securely stopped. In order that the
tubular.portion a, of the stopper may be fluid tight in the neck of
the bottle or vessel, a coating of a yielding, elastic substance d, is
applied, such as leather, gutta percha, or others; and I have found
that when the bottle is desired to stand upright, and leather is used
as the elastic coating, it is advantageous to use a strip d', of leather,
descending into the fluid in the vessel, which will cause the coating
d, to be kept moistened. e, is a cover of leather, gutta percha, or
suitable matter, to come between the cap or cover and the top of

page_text: the tubular part a. The form or shape of the parts may be varied
without departing from my Invention; and I have at Figures 2,
and 3, shewn sections of two arrangements differing in form, but
still are, in their main features, the same construction of stopper,
each consisting of two parts, a tubular one and a cap or cover, the
tubular part being fixed in the neck or opening of the bottle or
vessel.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the
manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that.
I do not claim any of the parts separately; but what I claim is,
the combination of parts herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Ash, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourth day of August, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and fifty-three.
Witness,
S. CARPMAEL.
ROBERT ASH. (L.S.)