Improvements in or relating to Tyres.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Tyres.
1, ROBERT BUCHANAN of Milnholme, 27, Merton Road, Bootle in the County of
Lancaster, Flour Miller do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to tyres for the wheels of road vehicles, and has for its
object a resilient tyre which, while having all the advantages of the pneumatic
tyre, will avoid the defects so objected to in the latter, that they are liable to be
punctured by nails, thorns or any sharp articles met with on the surface of the
road.
In carrying my invention into effect, I form my tyre of a resilient metal tube
either circular, elliptical or other suitable shape in cross section, and by preference
made of rather thinner material at the two sides than at the other parts, or it may
be made of one uniform thickness throughout, if preferred. This tube is provided with
means for inflating it with air and is furnished with a tread made of rubber or
other material, the sides of the tube having flanges, or other suitable means are
provided for holding this tread on. The spokes of the wheel may be fastened
direct to the tube, or the tyre is fitted to a wheel rim. In use the tube being
made resilient, will to a great extent absorb vibration, equal to or in a superior
manner to an ordinary rubber pneumatic tyre, the tube being compressed vertically
by the rider's weight as the tyre rotates, while expanding or bulging to a corre-
sponding extent laterally. When the load is removed it resumes its normal
configuration. It will thus be seen that by my invention I rely not only upon
the resiliency of the air, but also upon the resiliency of the spring tube, the spring
of the tube remaining uniform while the pneumatic resiliency can be altered by
varying the inflation. If preferred the tube may be used without inflating it, in
which case I rely solely on the tube for the resiliency of the tyre. In a modification
the tube is made in halves and the two halves jointed together in any suitable
manner to form an air tight joint. In such case the halves may be flanged and
fastened together with or without rubber between, or the two halves may be joined
together by annular rubber connections in such a manner as to utilize the elasticity
of the rubber, as well as the resiliency of the tube and of the air inflation. The
above is a description of my model apparatus, but I wish it to be understood that
the various details can be altered without departing from the principle of the
invention.
ليوم
.
1000
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, Patent Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, ROBERT BUCHANAN, of Milnholme, 27 Merton Road, Bootle, in the County of
Lancaster, Flour Miller, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what.
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
This invention relates to tyres for the wheels of road vehicles, and has for its
object a resilient tyre which while having all the advantages of the pneumatic tyre
will avoid the defects so objected to in the latter, that they are liable to be punctured
by_nails, thorns or any sharp articles met with on the surface of the road.
In carrying my invention into effect, I form my tyre of a resilient metal tube,
either circular, elliptical or other suitable shape in cross section, and made either of
one uniform thickness throughout or rather thinner at the two sides than on the
outer and inner peripheries (or vice versa) than at the other parts.
The invention will be understood from the following description, reference being
had to the accompanying drawings, in which,
Figure 1 is a cross section showing a seamless tubular tyra constructed in accordance
with my invention;
Figure 2 a sectional elevation of a fragment thereof;
Figure 3, a cross section of my tyre formed in two halves and jointed together;
Figure 4 a front elevation ;
Figure 5 a cross section of the tyre formed in two halves and jointed together by
annular rubber connections;
Figure 6 a fragmentary front elevation;
Figure 7 a cross section of a tyre in which the spokes are connected to the tyre
direct instead of to the flanges thereof;
Figure 8 a fragmentary front elevation;
Figures 9 and 10, a slight modification of Figures 5 and 6.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, A is the resilient metal tube, B a tread or cover of
rubber or other material, C the spokes. The tyre A is of an elastic imperforate
seamless metal tube with its ends coupled together by means of a sleeve which is
passed internally into the ends of the seamless tube A, or the ends may be fastened
together by dovetails J, and brazed, or the ends may be simply brazed without
dovetailing. The tube A is provided with means for inflating it with air, and the
sides of the tube have flanges D for holding the tread B on, or other suitable means
are provided for the purpose, or the tread may be fastened on by solution without
flanges. The spokes C may be fastened direct to a tube A, or brackets E (Figures 1
and 2) may be secured direct to the tyre on its inside periphery and the ends of the
spokes secured thereto by nuts, or if preferred the tube A may be mounted in a wheel
rim, & the spokes fastened to the rim. In use, the tube A being made resilient will
to a great extent absorb vibration, the tube being compressed vertically by the rider's
weight, as the tyre rotates, while expanding or bulging to a corresponding extent
laterally. When the load is removed, it resumes its normal position. It will thus be
seen, that I not only rely upon the resiliency of the air, but also on the resiliency of
the imperforate spring tube A, the spring of the tube remaining uniform, while the
pneumatic resiliency can be altered by varying the inflation. If preferred, the
imperforate tube may be used without inflating it, in which case I rely solely on
the tube A for the resiliency of the tyre.
While I prefer a seamless tube as above described, I can form the tube in two
halves as set forth in Figures 3 and 4, jointed together to form an air-tight joint.
In this case the halves may be flanged at F and fastened together with an insertion

page_text: of rubber G between, the spokes C in such case being fastened through the flanges F,
or the two halves of the tube may be jointed together by annular rubber connec
tions H as set forth in Figures 5 and 6, in which A are the two halves of the tube
having grooves or flanges a receiving the annular rubber pieces H, the rubber
being secured to the flanges by the bolts I with washers outside. By this arrange-
ment, I utilize the elasticity and air-proof qualities of the rubber as well as the
elasticity of the two halves of the tube.
The tyre shown in Figures 7 and 8 is practically identical with the one shown
in Figures 3 and 4, the only difference being that the spokes are attached to the
tyre direct, instead of to the flanges, the points where the spokes are secured to the
tyre being covered with india rubber J to form airtight covering.
In Figures 9 and 10 I employ annular flanges H₁ of rubber bent over at the
edges to form claws, engaging similarly formed claws at the edges of the tyre,
this arrangement being a slight modification of the tyre shown in Figures 5 and 6.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,―
1. In tyres, forming them of resilient imperforate metal made into an entire
tube and inflated, whereby vibration is absorbed not only by the resiliency of the
air but also by the resiliency of the metal.
2. A tyre, formed of a resilient netal tube and a rubber tread or cover substantially
as described.
3. In a tyre made of a resilient imperforate metal tube, forming the tube in two
halves with flanges jointed together with rubber or other suitable material between
the flanges to form an air-tight joint substantially as described.
4. In a tyre made of a resilient imperforate metal tube, forming the tube in two
halves jointed together by annular rubber connections substantially in the manner
described.
5. In a tyre formed of a resilient metal tube, the combination therewith of brackets
secured at intervals direct to the inside periphery of the tyre, the brackets being so
arranged as to receive and hold the spokes substantially as described, whereby the use
of a wheel rim is dispensed with.
Dated this 31st day of March 1807
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Of Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, and London, Patent Agents.