IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF CAPSTANS
Year: 1843

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
JOHNSON YOUNG, of Bastock Street, Old Gravel Lane, Wapping, in the County
of Middlesex, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Fifth day of April, in the sixth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said George
Johnson Young, Her especial licence, full power, sole privilege and authority,
that I, the said George Johnson Young, my exors, admors, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said George Johnson Young, my exors, admors, or
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times during the term of years therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within England, Wales, and
the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
CONSTRUCTION OF CAPSTANS;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a
proviso, that I, the said George Johnson Young, shall cause a particular
description of the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be inrolled in Her said Majesty's High Court
of Chancery within six calendar. months next and immediately after the date
of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, J, the said
George Johnson Young, do hereby declare that the nature of my Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be perforined, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had
to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked
thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention relates to a mode of combining certain mechanical parts or
instruments in order to vary the power; and in order that the Invention may
be fully understood and readily carried into, effect, I will proceed to describe
the Drawings hereunto annexed, in the various Figures of which the same
letters are used to indicate similar parts.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 represents an external view of a capstan having my improvements
applied thereto. Figure 2 is a section of Figure 1, by which the internal
arrangement of the parts will (aided by the other Figures and the description
here given) be readily understood. Figure 3 shews a section of the capstan head;
and Figure 4 shews a plan of the under side of the capstan head. Figure 5
shews a side view of the two arrangements of cog wheels, which are carried by
the frame, hereafter explained, affixed to the spindle or axis of the capstan,
the axis or spindle of the capstan being capable of turning in suitable bearings;
and the spindle, when required, has a capstan body or barrel fixed to it for
between decks, and such body at all times revolving with the spindle or axis.
Figure 6 éws a plan of the upper arrangement of cogs wheels; and Figure 7
is a plan of the lower arrangement of cog wheels, the object of which will
be hereafter fully explained. Figures 8, 9; and 10, shew an edge view, an
upper surface view or plan, and an under surface view, of arms affixed to the
axis of the capstan; and it is by these arms, with suitable stops combined with
the peculiar arrangement of cog wheels, that the power of the capstan is changed,
as hereafter described. Figure 11 shews a plan, and Figure 12 a section; of
the pall plate, the red outlines shewing the positions of the arms affixed to the
axis or spindle, of the capstan; Figure 13 shews the bottom or under surface of
the capstan barrel; Figure 14 shews á section, in elevation, of the upper and
lower parts of the capstan barrel; and Figure 15 shews part of a plan of the
upper part of the capstan barrel. a, a, is the capstan barrel, which is capable
of turning freely on the spindle or axis 6 of the capstan;'c is the capstan head,
which is capable of turning freely on the upper part of the spindle or axis b.
On the spindle or axis 6 of the capstan áre, affixed the arms d, d, which have
each a projection e at the upper surface, which resting against the stop or bolt

page_text: f..when introduced, locks the capstan body or barrel to the axis, and, conse-
quently, the body or barrel must turn round with the spindle: or axis 6 when
the axis b is caused to turn; and the arms d have also each a downward pro-
jection g, as shewn, by which the axis or, spindle 6 is held from turning, round
when the bolt h is introduced; and it should be understood that the bolts h
and fare not used at the same time. i is a frame, affixed to the spindle or
axis 6; this frame or plate i carries the two sets of wheels j, j, j, and k, k, k;
these wheels are affixed on the axes 1, 1, 1, which turn in bearings formed in
the frame i. On the under surface of the capstan head is affixed the cog
wheel m, which takes into the cog wheels j; on the upper part of the body or
barrel of the capstan is affixed the cog wheel n, which takes into the cog wheels
k, k. In Figure 2, the bolt his introduced, so as to lock one of the arms d to
the deck, by which means the spindle or axis of the capstan will be held from
turning in its bearings, and the result will be that on turning the capstan head
with the capstan bars, the barrel or body of the capstan will be turned on its"
spindle or axis 6 by means of the cog wheel m giving motion to the cog wheels
j, which will give motion to the cog wheels k, and they will give motion to the
cog wheel n affixed to the barrel or body of the capstan, and the body or barrel
of the capstan will thus be moved at its slowest speed, and consequently at its
greatest power; and if the bolt h be withdrawn and the bolt fintroduced, so as
to lock the barrel or body of the capstan to one of the arms d, by which means
the axis or spindle 6 will be free to move in its bearings, and the body or barrel
of the capstan will turn therewith, and the result will be that on turning the
capstan head with the capstan bars, the barrel or body will revolve with the
spindle or axis 6 at its greatest speed, and consequently at its least power; and
when there is a second body or barrel of a capstan affixed to the spindle
for between decks, then by withdrawing the two bolts and stopping the upper
barrel by the paul bits, the revolving of the capstan head will cause the lower
capstan body or barrel to revolve and become a purchase capstan. And I
would remark that in those cases where capstans require higher speed, then,
by reversing the positions of the wheels, this may be accomplished simply
by placing the lower arrangement of cog wheels uppermost and the upper
arrangement of cog wheels lowermost.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would remark that I am aware that
various arrangements of cog wheels have been combined with other parts
for working capstans in order to vary the power of such capstans; I wish
it, therefore, to be understood that I do not claim the changing the power of
capstans by means of cog wheels generally, but only when arranged according

page_text: to my Invention as herein described; and I make no claim to any of the
parts separately; nor do I confine myself to the precise details herein shewn
and described, provided the peculiar character of my Invention be retained.
But what I claim is, the mode of combining the parts m, j, j, j, with the
parts n, k, k, k, with the parts d, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Johnson Young, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Third day of October, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and forty-three.
GEO. JOHNSON (L.s.) YOUNG.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Third day of October, in the
year of our Lord 1843, the aforesaid George Johnson Young came before our
said Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification
aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form
above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according.
to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.