IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL CAKES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John McDougall, of the Firm of McDougall Brothers, of
London and Manchester, Manufacturing Chemists and Corn Millers, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL CAKES."
Sealed the 17th June 1879, and dated the 20th December 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John MoDougall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th December 1878.
JOHN MODOUGALL, of the Firm of MoDougall Brothers, of London and Manchester,
Manufacturing Chemists and Corn Millers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF OIL CAKES."
My Invention has for its object the production of oil cakes for feeding and other
purposes by an improved method, and it consists, first, in the use of millstones for
the purpose of cracking or breaking the seed; secondly, in the grinding by the use
of mill stones or other convenient means of the husks after separation from the
kernels, and removing from them the last portion of cotton or fibre adhering to
them, and then, if desired, remixing the husks with the kernels in any desired
proportions. When the seed is of the hirsute or hairy kind it may with advantage
be operated upon by known means for the removal of some portion of the fibre
before treating it as above described.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John McDougall in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 20th June
1879.
JOHN MODOUGALL, of the Firm of MoDougall Brothers, of London and Manchester,
Manufacturing Chemists and Corn Millers. " IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFAC-
TURE OF OIL CAKES."
My said Invention has for its object the production of oil cakes for feeding and
other purposes by an improved method, and it consists, first, in the use of mill-
stones for the purpose of cracking, breaking, or grinding cotton seed; secondly, in
the grinding by the use of mill stones or other convenient means of the husks of
cotton seed after separation from the kernels, and removing from them the last
portion of cotton or fibre adhering to them, and then if desired remixing the husks
with the kernels in any desired proportions.
In carrying out my Invention I take cotton seed, and cause it to be passed
between millstones, which are arranged to work at such a distance from each other
that they shall crack, break, or grind the seed, but only to such an extent as not to
liberate the oil in the seed sufficiently to cause the broken seed to paste or adhere
to the stones. When it is required to produce ordinary undecorticated cotton cake
I pass the broken seed under edge runners, and afterwards subject it to heat and
pressure in the usual manner. When however it is required to produce this class
of cake, but as free from cotton fibre as practicable, I pass the broken seed as it
leaves the millstones through sieves or other separators to cause the cotton fibre
present to be separated before the remainder of the material is placed under the
edge runners.
When it is required to produce decorticated cotton cake I use such sieves or
other separators as will separate both the husks and cotton fibre from the kernels
after the seed has been broken, cracked, or ground between millstones, as already
described.
In order to produce undecorticated or partially decorticated cakes of improved
quality I separate the husks of the broken seed from the cotton fibre, and remix
the husks with the kernels in any desired proportions, first further grinding such
husks under millstones if desired.
The ground husks obtained according to my Invention may also be employed in
the manufacture of other oil cakes than cotton cakes, such for example as rape cakes
and linseed cakes.
When the cotton seed is of the hirsute or hairy kind, it may with advantage be
passed through barley mills or other known apparatus in order to effect the removal
of a portion of the cotton fibre adhering to it before passing it under millstones, as
before described.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, I
would observe in conclusion that what I consider to be novel and original and
therefore claim as the Invention secured to me by the hereinbefore in part recited
Letters Patent is,―
First. The employment of millstones for the purpose of cracking, breaking, or
grinding cotton seed, as hereinbefore described.
Secondly. The grinding of husks from cotton seed by millstones or other con-
venient means after separation from the kernels, in conjunction or not with the
employment of means for separating or removing the last portion of the cotton fibre
from the husks, and when desired the remixing of kernels and husks in any required
proportions, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Thirdly. The production of oil cake by first cracking, breaking, or grinding cotton

page_text: seed, and separating the cotton fibre from the husks, and then grinding or further
reducing such husks, and finally, if desired, remixing kernels and husks in any
required proportions, all substantially as herein before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John McDougall, have to this my Specification
set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of June, One thousand eight
hundred and seventy nine.
JOHN MCDOUGALL. (L.S.)