Improvements in or relating to Carburettors for Motors.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Dec., 1899-Accepted, 3rd Feb., 1900
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Carburettors for Motors.
A Communication from (Mrs.) AMELIE LONGUEMARE, of 12, Rue du Buisson, St.
Louis, Paris, in the Republic of France.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT, of 111, Hatton Garden, in the County of, London,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
The present invention relates to improvements in the type of carburettors
which form the object of previous patents, the chief object of the invention con-
sisting in extending the application of such carburettor to the production of
explosive mixtures from liquid hydrocarbons of the heavy kind, as for instance,
ordinary petroleum.
Up to the present time the various systems of carburettors invented, the one
invented by Leon Longuemare being one of their number, only allow of the em-
ployment of light oils which are very easily volatilized. It is evident in view of
the ever-growing increase in the demand for such spirits and light oils of which
the price is already high that a considerable increase in price must be a natural
result, thereby considerably increasing the expense connected with motors.
It has therefore been sought, while still preserving the essential arrangement
of the carburettor, to render the latter capable of producing an explosive mixture,
suitable for the perfect working of hydrocarbon motors, from heavy oils, and
especially ordinary petroleum.
The drawings accompanying the present application for patent represent sucha
a carburettor, provided with the improvements by means of which the object
described above is obtained.
Figure 1 is a view of the whole device in vertical section.
Figure 2 is a plan view.
Figure 3 is a vertical section of one of the parts of the apparatus, and
Figure 4 is a plan view of the part represented in Figure 3.
The improved carburettor comprises the parts hereinafter described.
The body A is formed of a double or jacketted casing B forming an annular
cylindrical chamber C in the walls of which provision is made for three tubular
connections; D for the admission of petroleum, E for the admission of air, and
F for the explosive mixture inlet conduit to the motor, the said tubular passages
working in combination with the necessary valves or operating parts for effecting
the introduction of the petroleum and the passage of the mixture, i.e. a distribu-
tor G, and valve H, the latter being actuated by a spindle I and surmounted by a
screen or perforated plate J, of say metallic netting.
The arrangement and working of the valve H is similar to that of the valve C¹
described in the Specification of Patent No. 16080 of 1899.
Between the cover K and the upper part of the body A is placed an annular
part L, united hermetically by means of a lower joint M with the body A, and
fitting into a recess provided for that purpose in the upper part of the body A,
the device thus covering the chamber C and being hermetically closed by the
Cover K.

page_text: The part L consists of an annular chamber N, and a central chamber 0 com-
municating with each other, and with a tube P', (Figure 3) by means of a passage
of tube Q. The central chamber is provided in its centre with a sleeve R
through which passes the spindle I, actuating the valve H. The annular cham-
ber N which is open at the top is closed by the cover K; while the bottom of the
said chamber is provided with a number of holes S communicating with the
chamber C of the body A, thus being established a communication. between the
said chamber and the tube P.
The central part of the annular device L carries on its under surface, inside the
chamber U, radiating wings or plates T, perpendicularly depending, and varying
from each other, in height and width, for the purpose of providing a large con-
tact surface for the explosive mixture, admitted to the said chamber U for the
purpose of distributing the mixture to the suction tube F of the motor.
At its lower end the annular chamber C is closed by a bottom V, provided with
a number of holes W which thus form a communication between said chamber
and the outside air.
At about the middle of the height of this double casing A are provided air
inlet holes X similarly arranged so as to allow the chamber C to communicate
with the outside air, the latter communication being adjustably controlled by
means of a ring Y provided with similar perforations and forming a kind of
adjustable regulator.
After having described the improvements separately the operation of the im-
proved carburettor will be explained.
The hot exhaust gases from the motor enter through the tube P and passage Q
into the annular chamber N, and central chamber of the part L, thence passing
through the orifices S and expanding in the annular chamber C, the register Y
being closed, that is the orifices X being completely covered by the full parts of
the ring Y, the gases then pass to the bottom V of the said chamber and finally
escape through the orifices W.
This circulation of the hot exhaust gases will result in imparting to the whole
body of the carburettor, and especially the wings T of part L extending into the
interior of the chamber U a very high temperature which will greatly facilitate
the vaporization of the oil, or hydrocarbon employed, and mixed with air drawn
in by the motor, the conditions being such that an explosive mixture of normal
composition and action can be obtained even from crude petroleum which is of
very great importance, from the point of view of economy.
In starting work, since the carburettor and the motor are cold at first, it will be
necessary to place underneath the bottom V some heating device, say a spirit
lamp or the like, for the purpose of heating the apparatus to the required degree,
until such temperature can be imparted by the hot exhaust gases which will
result after a very short working of the motor.
In the case of such initial heating the regulator Y will be so turned as to leave
the orifices X entirely open, which will facilitate the working of the heating
device.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said
invention, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:-
1. In a carburettor an annular chamber surrounding the main chamber of the
carburettor, surmounted together with the said body by a top portion comprising
an annular chamber and a central chamber communicating with each other and
with a tube through which the exhaust gases arrive, the said top portion being
hermetically closed by a cover, and itself closing the jacketted carburettor, its
outer annular chamber communicating by a series of perforations with the annular
jacket of the carburettor and having on its under central surface and extending
downwards into the central chamber which communicates with the admission
tube to the motor, depending wings with which the explosive mixture comes in

page_text: contact before it passes to the motor, the heating of the wings as well as of the
body of the carburettor being caused by the circulation of the hot exhaust gases
to cause the complete volatilisation of the hydrocarbon employed, substantially
as described.
2. In apparatus of the kind described, a bottom plate provided with perfora-
tions for the purpose of allowing the gases to escape after having heated the car-
burettor the said orifices also, in combination with another series of orifices pro-
vided at about the centre of the height of the outer casing and provided with
regulating ring, co-operating in the initial heating of the carburettor when the
motor is about to start, substantially as described.
3. In apparatus of the kind described a central chamber provided with a fuel
inlet device and a valve, an outer jacket communicating with the exhaust pipe,
a series of arms or wings extending into the path of the incoming fuel, and in
close proximity or connected to the parts heated by the exhaust gases, sub-
stantially as described.
4. The complete carburetting apparatus substantially as described or illustrated
in the accompanying drawings.
قيم
BOULT, WADE & KILBURN,
Agents for the Applicant.