Year: 1885

page_text: I, OLIVER IMRAY of No 28 Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane in the
County of Middlesex Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to a system of telephony and to telephonic apparatus and
devices.
The first part of the invention has for its object to provide an improved
telephonic transmitter and to such end the first part of the invention consists
essentially in the introduction of a condenser into a telephonic circuit at any point
between a telephone, transmitter and the line wires; and the first part of the
invention also consists in certain details of construction and arrangement which
will be hereinafter described.
The first part of the invention is illustrated by Figures 1 to 6 inclusive of the
accompanying drawing, where
Fig. 1 is a face view of the transmitter, shewing the relative arrangement of
the condenser, induction coil, casing and door carrying the mouth piece and
electrodes.
L
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the mouth piece, diaphragm and electrode.
Figs. 3, 45 and 6 are detail views of various forms of induction coils of two or
more sections.
Referring to said Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, the reference numeral 1 designates the
casing or box of a telephonic transmitter the base or back of which is formed of
another box 2 made sufficiently deep to inclose a condenser 3, or instrument for
concentrating electricity by the effect of induction.
This condenser may consist of a confolded sheet of tin foil; whose layers are
separated by a thin sheet having a non-conducting surface.
It is of course obvious that any other approved form of condenser may be
resorted to, my invention involving broadly the introduction of a condenser into a
telephonic circuit for attaining the results and advantages set forth
...
7

page_text: The box 1 contains an induction coil 4 which is made in two sections wound in
the special manner hereinafter explained and said box is also provided with binding
posts 5, 6 for making connection with the battery and line.
A door 7 binged to the box 1 carries the transmitter proper, which consists of
the shell or holder 15, the front mouth piece 8, screw cap 9, and interior diaphragm
or plate 10.
The latter bears in its rear side an india rubber block 11 which receives and
holds a mass or stick of carbon indicated by the numeral 12.
This mass or body constitutes a fixed electrode carried by the diaphragm and is
arranged in conductive relation to a loose carbon electrode or body 13 supported
upon au inclined metal plate 14.
This plate bas journals or gudgeons at its edges which fit into recesses made in
the shell 15 and allow said plate to be oscillated or tipped more or less.
This plate is held in a fixed position and the angle thereof is regulated by means
of a spring tongue 16 which is secured to the shell 15 by screws, and has notches 17
at its free end for the reception and retention of the entering edge of the plate 14.
The direction of the current from the battery 18 is through the wire 19, spring
tongue 16, moveable electrode 13 and wires 20 and 21 of the opposite battery poles
to the induction coil 4 the diaphragm as has already been stated being electrically
insulated from the electrodes or blocks of carbon resistance material by the india
rubber block 11.
The induction coil comprises the inner helix of wire surrounding an iron core and
connected with the wire 20. by the terminal wire 21ª running into branches 22 as
18 seen in Fig. 1 and with the other pole of the battery by the wire 23.
The numerals 24 and 25 designate the secondary helixes which have their wires
wound respectively from right to left and vice versa as is seen in Fig. 3 or else the
said wires may be wound all to the right or all to the left as is indicated in
Fig. 4.
As is shewn in Fig. 1 the outside terminals 26 and 27 of the secondary helixes
are connected with the binding posts 6 of the line wires 28 and 29.
The inner terminal wires 30 and 31 of the secondary helixes are connected with
the opposite faces or ends of the condenser by means of binding posts 32 and 33.
In proper relation to these biuding posts are arranged switch keys or levers 34
and 35 which give the current that passes through the condenser a chance to go
through a wire directly to the terminals 30 and 31 at the point 36.
Such arrangement is to be used on a short line if desirable.
Instead of making the connections with the condenser in the manner shewn in
Fig. 1, the outer terminals of the secondary helixes may be connected with the
condenser while the inner terminals are connected with the line wires.
Referring to Fig. 4 all the wires of the secondary helixes are wound either to
the right or to the left, either one of the terminals of the secondary and primary
coils going in this instance to the condenser or to the line; it is preferred however
to have the terminals at the middle of the coil go to the condenser at the point X.
In the detail Fig. 15 the secondary helixes are wound to the left and right the
inner terminals in this instance going to the condenser while the outer terminals go
to the line and ground the terminals of the primary coil on the contrary going to
the battery, one direct and the other by way of the electrodes.
In Fig. 6 I have shewn a multiple primary coil in which 40 designates the outside
terminal and 41 the inside terminal of one helix while 42 and 43 indicate
respectively the outer and inner terminals of the other helix.
It is to be observed that the induction coil may be made of more than two
sections in which event the terminals as aforesaid may terminate in the same or a
separate condenser.
It has been found that the provision of a condenser as herein shewn is of great
advantage since it adds materially to the force of the current; experience has shewn
that the increase in force is from 25 to 33 per cent: furthermore the presence of
such a condenser will serve to neutralize or partly neutralize the ground currents

page_text: upon the mine since it is evident that only very strong currents can
pass through the condenser while weaker currents are intercepted by the same.
The object of the second part of the invention is to construct a multiple
transınitter in which a series of diaphragms each controlling an independent set of
electrodes shall be used and in such mauner that all the diaphragms are actuated
by the same sound vibrations.
Each set of electrodes has its own circuit and battery connections which may be
the primary circuits of independent induction coils whose secondary circuits are
connected either in series or in multiple circuits to a main line or all the sets of
electrodes may control local circuit connections to a single primary coil of an
induction coil whose secondary coil is connected to line.
The second part of the invention is illustrated by Figs. 7 to 16 inclusive of the
accompanying drawings, where
Fig. 7 is a side view of a single diaphragm and its electrodes.
Figs. 8 and 9 a top and end view respectively of a detail thereof.
Fig. 10 a plan view of the front of the multiple transmitter.
Fig. 11 a front view of the mouth piece thereof.
Fig. 12 a side view of the multiple transmitter.
Fig. 13 a section thereof.
Fig. 14 is a side view of a dust protector for the diaphragms and electrodes.
Fig. 15 is a longitudinal section of the electrode.
Fig. 16 is a plan view of an electrode and the plate on which it rests.
Fig. 17 is a view shewing a multiple telephone case opened.
Referring to Figs. 7 to 17 the reference numeral 1, Figs., 7 and 13, indicates a
diaphragm to which is attached by means of the rubber block 2 the pencil or rod
electrode 3. 5 is an inclined plate upon which rests the pencil or rod electrode 4
contracting with 1 by its gravity. A weight or ballast 12 preferably of rubber,
lays upon the two electrodes and aids in nominally maintaining good contact
between them.
This weight or ballast 12 has a central recess 14 to pass around the block 2
without interference therewith while on the other side of the recess its body is
tapered and bent downwards forming the hooked part 13 by which it catches upon
the electrode 3 and is kept in position.
The plate 5 may be provided with legs 6 by which it may be attached to a
suitable base or support as shewn in part of Fig. 13 though these may be dispensed
with as shewn in another part of the same figure.
Suitable circuit connections are made to the electrodes by a wire 21 connected
to the plate 5 and a wire 20 connected to the electrode 3. I propose to use a
number of such diaphragms and sets of electrodes in a single transmitter arranging
them so that all are equally under the influence of the same sound waves.
In the illustrations here given and herein to be described eight such diaphragms
and sets of electrodes are shewn but I am not confined to such number as any
desired number may be used the number eight here being used arbitrarily for sake
of illustration only.
For ease of construction and mounting each pair or set of diaphragms is
mounted in a base consisting of three sections an outer one 22 a middle one 23
and an outer one 24. Through 23 are made one or more apertures 25 slightly
smaller than the diaphragms upon each side of which a diaphragm 1 is secured.
A recess of the same size is sunk to a slight distance in 22 and 24 while an
opening is cut entirely through them above the centre of the diaphragms the
openings having inwardly inclined bottoms for supporting the plates 5 as clearly
shewn in Fig. 10.
The result is that a number of air or wave chambers are formed of the apertures 25
each having a diaphragm on the sides thereof. In Figs. 10 and 13 two such sound
chambers are shewn in each half and if the two halves be united by hinges and
secured together by hooks 26 the organization has four sound chambers and 8.
independent diaphragms and sets of electrodes.

page_text: In order to conduct the sound vibrations equally to all these chambers air
passages S are made therefrom which are inclined as shewn in dotted lines in
Fig. 12. A mouth piece 9 is used having the orifice 10 for the mouth from which-
lead inclined passages 11 the passages 11 and 8 being so arranged that when the
mouth piece 9 is secured to the front by pins 17 taking into apertures 15,-11
and 8 register and each two form one complete passage from 10 to a chamber 25.
Each set of electrodes has its circuit and battery connections 20, 21 which may
be the primary circuits of independent induction coils whose secondary circuits are
connected either in series or in multiple circuits to a main line or all the sets
of electrodes may control local circuit connections to the single primary coil of an
induction coil whose secondary coil or coils are connected to the line.
( Thus all the diaphragms and sets of electrodes are placed equally under the
influence of the same sound vibrations and a multiple transmitter is formed of
great power, readily operated yet adapted to throw upon a line a great quantity of
largely varied current whereby the distance it may be used for transmission is
greatly increased.
When it is only desired to use two diaphragms and their sets of electrodes, the
mouth piece 9 with passages 11 may be dispensed with and a plain or ordinary
mouth piece opening directly into the chamber 25 to be used.
The construction as thus far described is of the simplest form, and there may
arise therein certain dangers which it is best to guard against as hereinafter
noted.
As the electrodes are carbon rods or pencils contacting along an axial line upon
their circumferences, it is essential their axes be maintained parallel. Some
irregularity or protruberance, scarcely if at all visible to the eye or discoverable
may prevent this parallelism; the cause being in either electrode or in the plate
and being more serious when occurring near the centre of gravity of the loose
electrode. One method of obviating this is shewn in Fig. 15 wherein the loose
electrode is slightly for about the space of to an inch, hollowed at its centre,
while upon each end beyond this hollowed portion, may be placed platinum
bands 30. Instead of the electrode being thus hollowed, a slot may be cut in the
plute 5, leaving it a frame upon which the electrode 4 rests at or near its ends.
Another plan is shewn in Fig. 16 wherein the plate 5 is provided with slightly
raised tracks or ways 32, preferably of a platinum strip or wire soldered to the
plate while the electrode 4 has grooves 31 cut around it which take upon 32. This
slightly raises 4 from 5 and prevents also any end wise motion of 4 upon 5, the
electrical connection between the two being preserved by the platinum.
It is a fact that the dust which is constantly floating in the air, will, if
permitted access to and deposition upon the electrodes, soon lessen and ultimately
destroy their usefulness as controlling and varying the circuit. In order then to
protect the electrodes when they otherwise would be exposed to this danger, a
device like that shewn in Fig. 14 is used. 27 is a screw threaded base, which is
secured to the side or base supporting the electrodes by being glued or fastened
thereto or by taking into a recess cut therein for its reception as shewn upon the
right hand side of Fig. 13; upon this screws the cap 28 the whole forming a dust-
proof cap or protection for the electrode when applied.
In order to more thoroughly guard the interior of the case against access of dust,
a packing strip of felt, rubber or cloth 33 may be applied to one of the sections as
section 35 in Fig. 17. When the two sections are closed together as in Fig. 10 the
compression of this packing between the sections serves to make a dust proof joint
and effectually protect the interior of the case.
The third part of the invention has for its object to provide a telephone
transmitter of great and increased sensibility so as to be affected by any sound
vibrations.
The third part of the invention is illustrated by Figs. 18 to 21 inclusive of
the accompanying drawings where Fig. 18 is a perspective view of a transmitter

page_text: embodying the invention, a portion of the containing case being broken away to
shew the operative parts.
Fig. 19 is a section of such operative parts removed from the containing case.
Fig. 20 a sectional view of a modification and Fig. 21 is a top view of Fig. 20
shewing means for sustaining the cases of the diaphragm.
Referring to the said figures illustrating the third part of the invention the
numeral 1 indicates the containing box or case, which may, if desired be provided
with a single ordinary mouth piece 11, for concentrating and directing to the
vibratory devices the sound waves or vibrations. Or it may have upon opposite
sides two orifices 12 12' from which tubes 13 14 proceed uniting at their outer
extremity in a mouth-piece 15 common to both as shewn in dotted lines in Fig. 18.
This latter arrangement tends to equalize and equally and evenly distribute the
sound vibrations throughout the case or box 1. This containing box or case 1.
while here shewn a a square or rectangular case may it is evident be of any desired
shape, that shape and proportion being preferred which shall cause a concentration
of the sound waves or vibrations upon the diaphragms.
Within this box or case 1, is situated the devices to be affected by such vibrations
and so affected to correspondingly vary and control an electric circuit. These
devices consist of the two diaphragms 5, 6 each of which is mounted upon a thin
base of wood or other suitable material as shewn, these are the bases 2. 3.
When the transmitter is to be used in such position that the bases and
diaphragms are nearly horizontal, one of the bases, say 3 is supported by legs 4. 4
or in any other suitable way from the bottom or bed of the containing case 1.
If desired to use it in such position that the bases and diaphragms are nearly:
vertical the bases may be suspended from one of the sides of the containing box
and the legs or supports 4. 4 dispensed with. In each base an aperture is made.
over which is secured a diaphragm. Upon the inner side of each diaphragm, is
secured an electrode 7 so arranged that they may contact with each other.
To each electrode is attached a wire forming part of the circuit as seen at 17. 18;
of these one may come from the battery, while the other goes to the line or to the
primary coil of an inductorium whose secondary coil is connected in the line
circuit. These connections are not illustrated, as they are well known in the art
an in constant use in telephony.
Between the two bases 2. 3 supporting the diaphragms 5. 6 are placed suitable.
springs 16. 16 whose resistance tends to keep 2. 3 apart and prevents too firm
contact of the electrode 7. This spring as here shewn is a simple flat piece of
springy material, whose ends are bent back in the same direction and attached
to the cases carrying the diaphragm. It might be composed however of two
pieces of springy material whose free ends contact at the apex of the spring as;
sbewn. To in part counteract the force of these springs and adjust and regulate
the degree of firmness of normal contact, an arm 9 is attached to the upper base 2
upon which arm slides a weight 10. It is convenient for capacity of delicate
adjustment to make the arm 9 screw threaded and the weight 10 as a nut
thereon, so that the weight may be moved small distances and fine adjustments
readily made.
It is to be noted that a cardinal feature a part of the spirit of the invention is
the placing of both electrodes equally under the influence of sound vibrations, each
being connected to a diaphragm capable of vibration, hence it is evident that the
exact methods and means herein shewn for supporting the diaphragms and holding
the electrodes into contact and arranging both to be under the influence of
sound vibrations may be modified without departure from that portion of my
invention.
In order to prevent the action of sound vibrations upon the inner sides of the ;
diaphragm whereby the transmission of the desired sounds might be injuriously:
affected, a loose filling 8 of some non-vibratory material is placed between the:
bases of the diaphragms. For this purpose loose cotton has been found to be very
efficient and seems to be a preferable material. This filling does not interfere with..
.

page_text: the vibration of the diaphragms caused by sound vibrations striking their outer
surfaces while at the same time it prevents the action of sound vibrations on their
inner surfaces.
It is evident that the diaphragm might be arranged in other than nearly
horizontal planes. For instance in Fig. 20 they are shewn as in nearly vertical
planes, in which case they are suitably supported and a spring 20, and adjusting
screw 21 or other equivalent adjusting devices are used to give the electrodes 7 their
normal adjustment relatively to each other. The diaphragms 5. 6 and the con-
centrating tubes 13 14, may also be used without any containing case, or as shewn
in dotted lines in Fig. 20, the containing case I may be used and the tubes 13, 14
enclosed therein, their common mouth piece 15 alone projecting therefrom.
These bases 2, 3 and the diaphragms may be supported from the top of the
enclosing case when one is used, or from any suitable support by a flexible cord or
wire, or preferably flexible springing arms 25, 26 are attached to the bases 2, 3 as in
Fig. 21. These arms are sufficiently braced to be rigid in the direction of their
width while they are so thin as to be resilient in the direction of their thickness.
These arms may be united to a common stem 27 for attachment to the containing
case or other suitable base whereby the diaphragms and their bases are properly
supported. These arms being resilient in the direction of the adjustment and the
movement of the diaphragms, do not interfere with either operation while "they
support the same sufficiently in the other direction.
In some cases it may be desired to suspend the diaphragms and their bases 2, 3
between the outlets of the concentrating tubes 13. 14 with the apex of the triangle
formed thereby at the top..
In such case the adjusting devices 20. 21 or 9 10 may be dispensed with and
gravity alone be depended on for the normal pressure of the electrodes on each
other. In practice I have found that all these modifications, modifications merely
of the arrangement of the parts, work well and embody equally the principle of
the invention.
By this construction as both electrodes are equally affected by sound vibrations,
the amplitude and range of variation of the electric current is largely increased, so
that faint vibrations may be transmitted over a largely increased distance.
While the transmitter is sensitive to even the most delicate sounds, it is of simple
construction, readily adjustable and properly adjusted, not liable to get out of
adjustment, and it is durable and reliable in operation.
The fourth part of the invention also has for its object to provide a novel
telephonic transmitter, and this part of the invention is illustrated by Figs. 22
to 27 inclusive, where Fig. 22 is a plan view with the mouth piece removed, and
the diaphragm partly broken away of a transmitter embodying my invention.
Fig. 23 a section thereof on line xx Fig. 22.
Fig. 24 a detail view of the electrode and supporting yoke.
Fig. 25 is a central vertical section shewing a modified construction.
Fig. 26 is a horizontal section of Fig. 25 in the plane y-y.
Fig. 27 is a detail perspective of the inclined plane shewn in Figs. 25 and 26
detached.
.
Referring to Figs. 22 to 27 inclusive, which illustrate the fourth part of the
invention the reference numeral 12 designates a base. Upon it is secured the
supporting ring 11, between which and the rim of the mouth piece 13 is secured
the diaphragm 16, upon whose centre is fixed a lead or other metal boss or
projection 15.
Åttached to the ring 11, at one end by a screw 10, is a flat spring 6, preferably
boss shaped as shewn in Fig. 23. It tends normally to press towards the diaphragm
and to contact at its free end with the ring 11. A set screw 14 passes through
and is seated in the mouth piece 13, and ring 11 its free end projecting so as
to take upon 6 and control and regulate its pressure toward the diaphragın.
Between the diaphragm and the spring and secured in position by the action of
the spring, is a yoke consisting of a base 5, having upwardly turned ends 8, 8 in

page_text: each of which is formed a slot 7. In these slots rest one upon the other and
parallel the two carbon pencils 1, 2 which may be of any desired form in cross
section. Each forms an electrode for the circuit, the circuit connections 3, 4 being
shewn as made to them. These connections 3, 4 may be directly to and from the
main line or may be part of a local circuit including the primary of an induction
coil whose secondary coil is connected to the main line, both of which methods are
well known in the art of telephony.
This yoke and the electrode carried by it are placed at right angles to the
spring 6, and in such position. that the boss or projection 15 on the diaphragm
takes upon the upper one. If desired a slip or strip of platinum may be placed
between the electrodes 1, 2 and the variation of contact pressure accomplished by
these variations of pressure mutually on the platinum, the contact of the two
electrodes throughout their length being then indirect through the platinum,
instead of direct, the same electrical contact existing, however, in both cases.
From this description the operation of the devices is readily understood. By
the screw 14 the normal contact pressure of the electrode is adjusted and at any
time without cessation of use of the transmitter, controlled varied or regulated.
Properly adjusted sound waves impinging on the diaphragm cause a corresponding
variation in its pressure on the electrode 1, and of the electrode 1 upon its mate 2,
or the interposed platinum, the circuit of which they are the electrode being
correspondingly affected.
As the electrodes are parallel to each other and in contact throughout their
entire length, this variation extends over this enlarged area of contact and
practically multiplies the amount of variation over and above mere point contacts.
This renders as before stated, the transmitter exceedingly sensitive to minor
wave disturbances, while ordinary disturbances are reproduced with increased
amplitude over mere point contacts so that the disturbances may be transmitted
and reproduced at an increased distance, or with increased force at non increased
distance.
In the modified construction shewn in Figs. 25 to 27 inclusive, the numeral 11
denotes the wooden ring or frame for the support of the diaphragm 16. In the
inner surface of this ring, which has a vertical arrangement are formed opposite
slots 18 having a downward inclination and opening at the back of the ring.
These slots receive the pivots or trunnions 19 of the inclined plane 20 shewn in
Fig. 27. This plane, which is composed of brass or a suitable conducting metal
is also provided with small lugs 21, adapted to hold the electrode 2 from lateral
displacement. When inserted in the slots 18, the pivots 19 give adjustment to
the plane 20, by means of a set screw 23 tapped through a lug 24 on the ring and
having a rubber point which supports the plane.
By adjusting this screw the inclination of the plane may be varied to any
desired degree.
To the diaphragm 16 is attached the carbon pencil 1 by solder at the point 1
the construction being such that when the carbon pencils forming the electrode 2,
are placed upon the plane 21, it will lie against the electrode 1, mounted on the
diaphragm 16. To the electrode 2 is fastened by glue, shellac or in any other
suitable manner, a piece of glass metal wood, or other material 26 which serves
to weight the electrode, and to preserve the contact surface between it and the
electrode 1 by preventing the former from turning.
Instead of attaching the wire 3 to the electrode 2, it may be connected to the
apex of the inclined plane 20.
The operation of these parts will be readily understood.
By varying the inclination of the plane 20 the contact between the electrode
may be varied to any desired degree. For example, by causing the plane to
approach the vertical, the contact will be increased by the gravity of the weighted
electrode which is constant force, not subject to disturbances by expansion and
contraction as is the case where the adjustment is made by metallic connections.

page_text: Instead of the set screw 23 a key or any other suitable device may be employed
to vary the inclination of the plane 20.
The fifth part of the invention relates to telephonic receivers or receivers for
repeating audibly, through the medium of a magnet and a diaphragm sounds
especially articulate speech, transmitted from a distant point in an electric circuit.
The fifth part of the invention is illustrated by Figs. 28 to 31 inclusive of the
accompanying drawings where Fig. 28 is a view partly in section of a telephone
embodying my invention.
Fig. 29 is a sectional view on the line x x Fig. 28 while Figs. 30 and 31 illustrate
details of construction.
Referring to figures illustrating the fifth part of the invention, the numeral 7
indicates the ordinary handle or base of a telephone receiver, made of hard rubber,
wood or other good insulator, within and upon which are mounted the operative
or sound reproducing devices. Seated longitudinally therein is the permanent
magnet 9, which is a compound magnet, composed of several laminae, in this case
three, the centre one 11, of which is slightly longer at one pole, than the exterior
ones 10. 10. The elongated end of 11 is slightly curved while 10. 10 are slightly
inclined or bevilled away from 11. The leaves or laminae constituting this magnet
may be secured together by pins, screws or rivets or they may be laid in loose and
clamped together by one or more set screws passing through the sides of the
handle or case and taking against them for which purpose such screws as 8 may
be used..
This construction I find concentrates the magnetic force of this pole of the
compound magnet at the extreme and projecting end of the centre leaf 11 causing
it to act with greatly increased force.
J
Within the casing 6 upon the head of 7 and around the magnet 9 is placed the
helix 2 whose terminals pass through 7 and connect with the binding screws 12. 13
whereby the helix may be connected in the line circuit.
This helix is of peculiar construction as shewn in Figs. 28 and 30. In winding
it each successive layer is caused to commence at one and the same end or head
instead of being wound back and forth from end to end or head to head as is
usually the case. Commencing at one head the wire is laid on helically until the
other head is reached when it is turned back as at 14 in Fig. 30 to the head whence
it started and the next layer laid and so with each layer until the winding is
completed when about one half of the coils intended to be laid on are in position,
bunches of fine wires are secured to the helix with their axes at right angles to
the convolutions of the helix and parallel with the axes thereof; the ends of these
wires project through the head of the helix as clearly shewn in Fig. 28. The
winding then continues in the manner set forth until the helix is completed.
In the drawing two bunches of wires 5, 5 of iron or other magnetic material
are shewn but it is evident that more could be used that any desired number of
such bunches could be secured within the winding of the helix each bunch of wire
forming a magnet.
This helix 2 is slipped over the end of the permanent magnet 9 which is secured
within the handle 7 and case 6 by the screw 8 or in any other suitable way.
Within the case 6 are placed the L or right angled bars 44 with their inner ends
abutting on or attached to the permanent magnet 9. Upon them also rest the
bunches of wires 5, 5 forming good contact therewith.
The outer ends of these bars 4, 4 are secured in the casing 6 so that the tops
thereof and the top line of 6 are flush with each other. Upon them is laid the
diaphragm 1 in contact with the outer ends of 4, 4 and which is secured in position
by the mouth piece and cap 3 secured to 6 by a screw thread or in any other
suitable manner.
The magnet 9 and helix 2 are so adjusted within the handle and case that the
wires 5, 5 and the outer end of the magnet 9 shall be in close proximity to the
diaphragm while it is in contact with 4, 4.

page_text: In order to readily slip or place the L magnets 4, in position grooves 15 are cut
in the sides of the screw threaded case 6, at the proper points and grooves at right
angles thereto and formed in its bottom to the aperture through which the
compound bar magnet 9 passes. At the junction of these grooves at the lower
edge of the cases, holes or apertures 16 are made through which may pass the
bottom limbs of the L magnets. Then when 6, and 2 are in position the
L magnets are slipped into place and then held in position by the cap 3.
By the method of winding described, certainty is always had that the current
circulates in the same direction around 9 and 5, 5 invariably making the poles of
all of them adjacent to 1 of the same polarity while from the connection between
the diaphragm 1 and the permanent magnet 9 and wires 5 (which become
magneteous) the diaphragm is made the other pole and always of opposite polarity.
to the free ends of 9 and 5. 5 in proximity to it. This makes intense opposite
polarities opposed to each other and in condition to have their relative attractions
and repulsions readily varied, so as to cause great amplitude of vibration in 1
upon marked changes of condition and minor vibrations effected upon any or the
least change of condition.
This construction therefore forms an exceedingly delicate receiver, delicate in the
sense of, receiving and reproducing all sound vibrations, magnifying them,
proportionately reliable in its actions and not liable to derangement.
The sixth and last part of the invention has for its object to provide an improved
induction coil for multiple telephonic transmitters to furnish an induced current of
high tension and large quantity for the line from the action of primary currents
of low tension though of considerable quantity so that the electrodes operating
only on quantity currents are not destroyed or disturbed.
The sixth part of this invention is illustrated by Figures 32 to 34 inclusive of
the accompanying drawings where Figure 32 is a front view of an induction coil
embodying the invention part of the winding being removed and Figure 33 is a
view partly in longitudinal section of Figure 32 and partly diagrammatic to shew
the circuit connections; Figure 34 is a modified form of induction coil.
Referring to the figures illustrating the sixth part of the invention, the reference
numeral 1 indicates a core of sufficient length to receive the desired number of
sections 5 of the primary coil, and is provided with the usual insulated heads 2. 2.
Upon this core are placed the disks 3. in pairs, the members of the pairs being a
slight distance apart for convenience of bringing out from the coils the proper
circuit connections.
These disks divide the length of the core into sections each section being devoted
to a section of the primary coil.
These sections of primary coils are each complete in themselves and have their
free ends or terminals 7, 8 brought out between the disks 3, 3 for connection into
proper local circuits.
They may be wound alternately right and left as shewn in the middle portion
of Fig. 32 or they may be all wound in one direction-6 is the secondary coil
superimposed continuously over all the primary sections connection being made
between the various portions of the secondary coil lying between the heads or
disks 3 by wire passing therethrough from one section to another as shewn at 16.
One terminal thereof say 9 is connected to the ground while the other 10 is
connected to line.
In the use of such a coil it is intended that there shall be as many sections 5 of
the primary coil as there are sets of electrodes in the multiple transmitter; in this
case eight as shewn in Figure 32.
In figure 33, 14 are the diaphragms, 12. 13 the electrodes, 15 inclined plates
supporting electrodes 12.-11 the local batteries and 7 and 8 the terminals of the
primary sections forming with the electrodes the local circuits one for each primary
section.
While the diaphragms and electrodes are here shewn segregated for more clear
illustration it is of course understood that they are in practice so grouped together

page_text: as to be under the influence simultaneously of the same sound waves and also while
each set of electrodes is shewn as influenced and controlled by an independent
diaphragm it is evident that this need not be so but that all the sets of electrodes
may be acted on by a single diaphragm or arranged in sets 4 to be acted on
simultaneously by several diaphragms.
Referring to Figure 34 it will be seen that two adjoining sections of the
secondary coil are wound in opposite directions that is one to the right and the
other to the left the inside terminals of such secondary coil sections being indicated
by the numeral 20 and the outside terminals of such secondary coils by 21 while
the numeral 22 indicates terminals of the primary coil,
The arrangement thus indicated is intended to be connected with line in series
for tension or in multiple are for quantity.
It will be understood that when the primary and secondary coils are each formed
in sections alternately wound in opposite directions the sections of each coil will
be wound to correspond with the sections of the other coil.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination with a telephone instrument and circuit wires of a condenser
substantially as set forth with reference to the first part of my invention.
2. The combination with a telephone transmitter circuit wire and induction coil
of a condenser connected with the secondary circuit of said coil substantially as
herein set forth with reference to the first part of my invention.
3. A telephone transmitter consisting of a backing or base piece a condenser
enclosed therein a box attached to said base piece an induction coil enclosed in said
box and a moveable door carrying mouth piece and diaphragm substantially as
herein set forth with reference to the first part of my invention.
4. The combination of the tilting metal plate 14 and spring tongue 16 having
notches 17 with the loose electrode and diaphragm carrying a fixed electrode,
substantially as herein set forth with reference to the first part of my invention.
5. In a telephonic transmitter the combination of two diaphragms on opposite
sides of an air chamber common to both two sets of electrodes and circuit con-
nections one for each diaphragm and independent of each other, substantially as
described with reference to the second part of my invention.
6. In a telephonic transmitter the combination of two or more sound chambers,
two diaphragms in each chamber, each controlling an independent set of electrodes
and circuit connections a mouth piece and passages leading thence to the sound
chambers, substantially as described with reference to the second part of my
invention.
7. In a telephonic transmitter the combination of two or more diaphragms
arranged in pairs, the members of each pair being arranged in opposite sides of an
air or sound chamber, two or more sets of electrodes and circuit connections, one
for and controlled by each diaphragm and a mouth piece having a single external
orifice and passage leading thence to the air or sound chambers substantially as
described with reference to the second part of my invention.
8. In a telephonic transmitter, the combination of a diaphragm, a carbon rod
secured thereto by a rubber block an inclined metal plate a loose carbon rod lying
thereon and nominally contacting with the first mentioned rod, a weight or ballast
of rubber for laying upon these rod electrodes and bound with a hook whereby it
is attached to one of the electrodes substantially as described with reference to the
second part of my invention.
9. In a telephonic transmitter the combination of a diaphragm a carbon and
electrode secured thereto, a plate 5 having lugs or arms 6 for its attachment to a
supporting base and a rod electrode 4 laying thereon substantially as described
with reference to the second part of my invention,

page_text: 10. In a telephonie transmitter the combination of a diaphragm, a carbon rod
electrode secured thereto, a loose rod electrode, the two lying parallel, an inclined
plate supporting the loose electrode and a platinum connection between the plate
and the loose electrode, substantially as described with reference to the second part
of my invention.
11. The combination in a telephonic transmitter, of a diaphragm, the electrodes
controlled thereby and a dust cap covering and protecting the electrodes, substan-
tially as described with reference to the second part of my invention.
12. The combination in a telephonic transmitter of a diaphragm an electrode
attached to, or controlled thereby, an electrode for contacting therewith placed in
an opening in the exterior of the box or case and a dust cap covering such opening
and protecting the electrodes substantially as described with reference to the
second part of my invention.
13. The combination with a telephonic transmitter case made in sections hinged
together, of a packing of cloth, felt or rubber applied to one of the joining faces
thereby a dust proof joint is formed substantially as described with reference to
the second part of my invention.
14. In a telephone transmitter the combination of two diaphragms each
supported or carried by a base, the two bases hinged together at an angle to each
other and a packing or filling of non-vibratory material between the bases substan-
tially as described with reference to the third part of my invention.
15. In a telephonic transmitter the combination of two cases hinged together at
an angle to each other two diaphragms one secured and supported by a case, two
electrodes, one attached to each diaphragm, arranged to contact with each other
and arranged in and adapted to control the same circuit substantially as described
with reference to the third part of my invention.
16. In a telephone transmitter the combination of two bases two diaphragms
one mounted or secured on each base two electrodes, one on each diaphragm and
both in the same circuit a spring tending normally to force the bases apart and an
adjusting device for regulating the degree of contact of the electrodes substantially
as and for the purpose set forth with reference to the third part of my invention.
17. The combination with a containing box or case, in which are secured the
operative parts of a telephonic transmitter of the double tube 13 14 entering such
containing box or case on opposite sides, whereby the force of the vibrations
is equalized and the vibrations equally distributed within the box or case substan-
tially as and for the purpose set forth with reference to the third part of my
invention.
18. In a telephone transmitter the combination of the bases 2. 3 hinged together
at one end diaphragnis 5. 6 electrodes 7 springs 16 normally forcing them apart and
an adjusting device 9. 10 controlling the degree of contact substantially as and for
the purpose set forth with reference to the third part of my, invention.
19. In a telephone transmitter the combination of the case 1 the transmitter
secured therein mouth piece 15 and tubes 13, 14 leading thence to and leading on
opposite sides into close proximity to the diaphragins of the case or box substan-
tially as and for the purpose set forth with reference to the third part of my
invention.
20. In a telephonic transmitter the combination of a case or support 1, the
diaphragms 5. 6 secured upon hinged bases. 2. 3 and supports for the bases attached
thereto and to the case and resilient in one direction while comparatively rigid in
a direction at right angles thereto substantially as described with reference to the
third part of my invention.
21. In a telephonic transmitter the combination with the diaphragms of the
carbon pencil electrodes influenced thereby and parallel to the face thereof, both
loosely supported in or by a suitable frame work and in contact throughout
their length substantially as described with reference to the fourth part of my
invention.

page_text: 22. In a telephonic transmitter the combination of a diaphragm two carbon
pencil electrodes influenced thereby and parallel to the face thereof, a suitable
frame work as shewn for loosely supporting both pencil electrodes and a boss or
projection upon the face of the diaphragm taking upon and against one of the
pencil electrodes substantially as described with reference to the fourth part of my
invention.
23. In a telephone transmitter the combination of a diaphragm a yoke secured
"beneath it and two electrodes mounted loosely therein and contacting throughout
their length substantially as and for the purpose set forth with reference to the
fourth part of my invention.
24. In a telephone transınitter the combination of a diaphragm, two electrodes
contacting throughout their length, a yoke supporting the electrodes and a spring
supporting and retaining the yoke in position substantially as and for the purpose
set forth with reference to the fourth part of my invention.
25. In a telephone transmitter the combination of a diaphragm two electrodes
controlled thereby and contacting throughout their length a yoke supporting and
carrying the electrodes and means for controlling and regulating the normal contact
pressure of the diaphragm and electrodes substantially as and for the purpose set
forth with reference to the fourth part of my invention.
20. In a telephone transmitter the combination of the diaphragm 16, having boss
or projection 15 the yoke 5, having slotted ends 8, and the electrodes 1. 2 loosely
supported therein substantially as and for the purpose set forth with reference to
the fourth part of my invention.
27. In a telephone transmitter the combination of the ring 11 diaphragm 16
yoke 5 electrodes 1. 2 loosely supported therein and spring G retaining the yoke
and electrodes in position substantially as and for the purpose set forth with
reference to the fourth part of my invention.
28. In a telephone transmitter the combination of the ring 11 diaphragm 16
yoke 5 electrodes 1. 2 supported thereby and contacting throughout their length,
spring 6 retaining the yoke and electrodes in position and adjusting devices 14 for
controlling the action of the spring substantially as and for the purpose set forth
with reference to the fourth part of my invention.
20. In a telephone transmitter the combination of two parallel electrodes
contacting throughout their length and inclined plane upon which one of the said
electrodes rests while the other is attached to the diaphragm and means for
adjusting the inclination of said plane substantially as described with reference to
the fourth part of my invention.
30. In a telephone transmitter the combination with a ring supporting the
diaphragm and having inclined slots 18 of an inclined plane 20 having pivots 19
and provided with lugs 21 substantially as set forth with reference to the fourth
part of my invention.
31. In a telephone receiver the combination with a permanent magnet and a
diaphragm of a helix having branches of wires of magnetic material forming
additional poles placed within the helix substantially as described with reference
to the fifth part of my invention.
32. In a telephone receiver the combination of a compound permanent magnet
having the centre leaf extended beyond the others toward a diaphragm right
angled magnets projecting therefrom on opposite sides and passing around a helix,
a helix surrounding the end of the permanent magnet and independent cores within
the windings of the helix, substantially as described with reference to the fifth part
of my invention.
33. In a telephone receiver the combination of a diaphragm, a compound
permanent bar magnet baving an extended pole in proximity thereto. a helix
surrounding the end of such permanent magnet and containing independent cores
formed of wires enclosed in its windings and permanent L or right angled magnets
in contact with the bar magnet independent cores and diaphragm substantially as
described with reference to the fifth part of my invention,

page_text: 34. In a telephone receiver the combination with a permanent magnet and a
diaphragm of a helix having the windings of its successive layers starting always
from the same end or head and independent cores formed by branches of wire
secured within its windings substantially as described with reference to the fifth.
part of my invention.
35. In a telephone receiver the combination of the diaphragm 1 the compound
permanent magnet 9 with central extension 11, the helix 2 and the independent
poles 55 within its windings substantially as described with reference to the fifth
part of my invention.
36. In a telephone receiver the combination of the diaphragm 1, the compound
permanent magnet 9 having central extension 11 the right angled or L magnets 4,4
the helix 2 and the independent poles 5, 5 within the windings of the helix
substantially as described with reference to the fifth part of my invention.
37. In a telephone receiver the combination of the diaphragm 1, the case 6 and
right angled magnets 4, 4 in contact with the diaphragm the bar permanent
magnet 9 made of several laminae and having the central one 11, projecting toward
the diaphragm the helix 2 and the independent cores. on poles 5, 5 secured within
the windings of the lielix and contacting at one end with the magnets 4 substantially
as described with reference to the fifth part of my invention.
38. An induction coil consisting of a continuous core having a series of disks.
mounted thereon in pairs whereby the length of said core is divided into several
sections a primary wire wound in two or more independent sections adapted to be
connected in independent circuits and a secondary wire also wound in sections
substantially as described with reference to the sixth part of my invention.
39. An induction coil consisting of a core a series of disks thereon dividing the
length of the coil into two or more sections a primary wire wound in two or more
independent sections each section having its own terminals and a secondary wire
wound thereover in one continuous coil substantially as described with reference to
the sixth part of my invention.
40. The combination of a continuous core having a series of disks mounted
thereon a series of primary coils wound on said core, a secondary coil or coils wound
over the primary coils, a series of electrodes controlled by a diaphragm or diaphragms
and battery connections substantially as described with reference to the sixth part
of my invention.
41. In an induction coil the combination of a single continuous core a series of
primary coils wound thereupon and one or more sections of secondary coil wrapped
there around and adapted to be connected to a line in series or in inultiple circuit
substantially as described with reference to the sixth part of my invention.
Dated this 15th day of September 1885.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant,
28, Southampton Buildings,
London, W.C.