matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN PAPER SPOOLS OR TUBES USED IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING MACHINES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Williams and Isaac Naylor
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on
the 20th May 1863.
We, THOMAS WILLIAMS, of 232, Bolling Street, Bowling, in the Parish of
Bradford, in the County of York, and ISAAC NAYLOR, of 13, Saint James'
Square, in Horton, in the said Parish of Bradford, Worsted Spinners, and
carrying on business in co-partnership in Bowling and Bradford aforesaid,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PAPER
SPOOLS OR TUBES USED IN SPINNING AND DOUBLING MACHINES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in paper spools or tubes
used in spinning and doubling machines.
Heretofore in the manufacture of paper spools or tubes used in spinning
and doubling machines it has been usual to make them tubular, suitable to
fit bobbins placed on the spindles of the machines, and the yarns or the doubled
yarns have been wound thereon in the form of "cops," which are conical at
each end.
Now, according to the present Invention each paper tube has affixed all
round one end a projecting flange. These spools are placed on bobbins which
are put on the spindles of spinning or doubling machines, and have yarns or
doubled yarus wound thereon, but in place of tho "cops" being wound
conical at each end as has heretofore been the case in winding a yarn or

page_text: a doubled yarn on to a paper tube, the winding at that end where the
flange is formed or applied may extend to a diameter as large as the flange,
whilst the winding at the other end will be conical as before when using paper
tubes without flanges. By these means a paper spool or tube may be made
to contain a much larger quantity of yarn or of doubled yarn than heretofore.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ORDNANCE, AND IN PROJECTILES TO BE USED THEREWITH
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Peter Gardner at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th December
1863.
I, PETER GARDNER, of Banbury, in the County of Oxford, Land Surveyor,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF ORDNANCE, AND IN PROJECTILES TO BE USED THEREWITH,"
to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to enable elongated projectiles to be dis-
charged with precision from smooth-bore ordnance, and at the same time to
increase the range and penetrating power of projectiles discharged from such
ordnance. To this end I bore through the breech, in a line with the axis of
the bore of the gun, a hole in continuation of the bore, but of considerably less
diameter; and in this hole I insert a hollow or solid rod, of such size as to
slide freely therein, and of a length about equal to that of the gun to which it
is to be applied. This rod I pass through the cartridge, which is properly
formed to receive it, and connect it to the rear of a solid bolt or shell that is
placed in front of the cartridge, using a screw thread or other suitable means
for effecting the connection. When, therefore, the piece is fired and the
projectile discharged, it will draw out with it the rod, which will act as a guide
to the bolt and keep the head of the bolt foremost during its flight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS POR MAKING ENVELOPES AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred William Haley, Arthur
Bingham, and Richardson Webster, at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents, with their Petition, on the 2nd December 1863.
We, ALFRED WILLIAM HALEY and ARTHUR BINGHAM, of the City of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers and Machinists, and
RICHARDSON WEBSTER, of the same Place, Mechanic, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
POR MAKING ENVELOPES AND OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as follows:—
Upon a bed or sole plate having a rectangular hole or recess we fix a
receiver, in which is deposited the blank form of the envelope to be folded.
On each side of this a spindle is caused to move vertically through holes or
sockets in the sole plate by means of a treadle underneath, to which they are
connected by rods, levers, or other contrivance. A cross head unites the
upper ends of the spindles, and carries a box in the centre open at the bottom
only; this is caused to descend into the rectangular recess already mentioned,
by the pressure of the foot on the treadle, or it may be pressed down by a hand
lever, and ascend by means of counterweights or springs.
Within the "receiver" is fixed a "die" for giving the impression to the
loose flap, and on the opposite side is a "gummer" for supplying the gum to
unite the tails of the envelope. Directly above the "die" and "gummer"
respectively a spindle works vertically in suitable framework; the one over
the "die" carries a reverse of the die or matrix, and the one over the
"gummer" a "presser" or "tapper" for pressing the paper slightly on to the

page_text: gum. These spindles, as also the folding box, may be either allowed to
descend of their own weight on to the paper, or they may be made to descend
by the pressure of the foot on a treadle, or by means of cams, levers,
eccentrics, toothed wheels or toothed segments driven either by hand or power
from above or below.
When the paper or blank form is placed in the receiver, and motion given
to the driving shaft or treadle, the spindle or ram for giving the impression,
and the one to which the tapper is attached are both pressed on the paper
simultaneously, and afterwards rise to their former position by means of
springs or weights immediately the pressure is removed. The folding box is
now caused to descend and force the paper from the receiver into the rectan-
gular recess, causing the tails to stand erect; the box then recovers its former
position by means of springs or weights, the springs at the same time drawing
the tails within the sides of the box, and then the box is again brought down,
completing the envelope. The bottom of the recess is then withdrawn, and
the envelope falls out.
We do not confine ourselves to the manner of accomplishing the purpose
by rams alone, as described, as the same may be effected by means of levers.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-MOTIVE ENGINES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Storer and John Han-
cock at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 5th August 1863.
We, WILLIAM STORER and JOHN HANCOCK, of the Town and County of
the Town of Nottingham, Machinists, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRO-MOTIVE ENGINES," to be as
follows:-
Our Invention consists in constructing electro-motive engines as hereafter
described. In a suitable frame wo fix a ring of magnets which are charged
with electricity from a battery in the usual manner, inside this ring of magnets
we fix a circular rack or wheel with internal teeth. Upon a central shaft,
to which rotary motion is to be communicated, we fix four or more arms, each
of which carries a wheel with six arinatures, more or less free to revolve upon
an axis, and upon this axis there is also a toothed pinion gearing into the
circular rack. Upon the current being applied to the magnets in proper
order the armatures are attracted, revolve on their axes, and carry round the
arms and shaft to which they are connected. Power for any purpose required
may be taken from this shaft. In some cases we keep the arms carrying
the armatures stationary and drive round the circular rack or wheel and take
the power from it.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE RAKES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Wightman and Charles
Dening at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 10th April 1863.
WC, JOHN WIGHTMAN and CHARLES DENING, both of Chard, in the County
of Somerset, Agricultural Implement Makers, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE RAKES," to be as follows:-
Our Invention of improvements in horse rakes consists in making the tines
of such rakes of tubular or hollow form, whereby the rake is rendered much
lighter in draught, it is also easier to lift when working; these tines are
very stiff, and therefore keep their proper shape and distance apart from ench
other better than ordinary tines. We either make them tubular or of a hollow
U or gutter form in cross section, and either of steel or iron, inserting and
welding in the end of each tine a solid piece of steel, which is drawn down to
form the point.
IMPROVED ARRANGEMENTS FOR FACILITATING THE QUICK DETACHMENT OF HORSES OR DRAUGHT ANIMALS FROM CARRIAGES OR VEHICLES, AND FOR THE APPLICATION OF BREAK POWER, WITH THE VIEW TO PREVENT ACCIDENTS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Francis Millin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
September 1863.
I, GEORGE FRANCIS MILLIN, of the City of Oxford, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED ARRANGEMENTS FOR FACILITATING
THE QUICK DETACHMENT OF HORSES OR DRAUGHT ANIMALS FROM CARRIAGES OR
VEHICLES, AND FOR THE APPLICATION OF BREAK POWER, WITH THE VIEW TO PREVENT
ACCIDENTS," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to provide that in cases of danger from horses
taking fright the driver may be enabled, by merely lifting a lever, to thereby
detach the horses or draught animals and also put a break on a wheel or
wheels of the vehicle. This I purpose to effect either by having a strong steel
bolt securing the pole or shaft in a socket and passing through rings at the
ends of outside traces, this bolt being drawn up a few inches by a lever
lifted by the coachman or driver so as to allow the shaft to be drawn from the
socket and at the same time loose the outside traces, thus detaching the
horses. The break may be a sliding piece of tough iron which passes under a
projection on the inner side of the rim of the wheel, thereby totally stopping
the wheel, or it might, if requisite, be applied to both wheels; or I use for
detaching the horses what I find in many respects more preferable, viz., a
block sliding in a groove and secured to the piece connecting the two shafts
by a screw underneath or at the sides. The shafts might thus be taken off on

page_text: ordinary occasions, there being a block as on the other side, but screwed up
to the shaft, also a strong spring coil which would contract on the removal
from its socket of the steel bolt first above mentioned, thereby withdrawing by
lever gearing horizontal bolts from the shafts, which would be thus detached.
This modification is well suited to one-horse carriages, where two shafts are
used. But by substituting the outside traces for the shafts and having the
pole fixed in the middle, to be secured by the bolt in the socket, as in the
first-mentioned arrangement, this modification may be used for a pair-horso
carriage. The break-power arrangement may be put on and taken off by the
same lever arrangements as are used to release the pole.. Or instead of
having one handle to detach the horses and apply the break I have two
handles, one for each purpose; also, instead of having a projection on the
rim of the wheel, a hollow in the same may be made to receive a bolt and
completely lock the wheel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE HOES, AND IN THE MEANS OF USING THE SAME IN HUSBANDRY
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Branford at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
January 1863.
I, JOHN WILLIAM BRANFORD, Merchant, of March, in the County of
Cambridgeshire, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HORSE HOES, AND IN THE MEANS OF USING THE SAME IN
HUSBANDRY," to be as follows:-
An implement with two travelling wheels to be drawn by one horse, having
a bar affixed to the frame, upon which are placed four hoes for cutting the
ground longitudinally, an iron shaft with two driving wheels turning two pinions
with shafts, to which are attached two iron plates with four knives or hoes on
each for cutting or setting out the plants, working in a transverse direction;
levers for striking the gear, and lifting the hoes out of work; and also the
travelling wheels, and a pair of shafts to which the horse is harnessed for
drawing the implement.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY ROOF LAMPS, STATION SIGNALS, AND OTHER FOUNTAIN LAMPS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Anthony Gapper Southby at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th May 1868.
I, ANTHONY GAPPER SOUTHDY, of Bulford, Wiltshire, Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RAILWAY ROOF
LAMPS, STATION SIGNALS, AND OTHER FOUNTAIN LAMPS," to be as follows:-
The said Invention consists in adapting the said lamps to the use of the
heavier portion of oils produced from the distillation of coals, shales, and
petroleum, or earth oils, or mixture of the same with fat oils, by means of a
chimney supported over the flame, the lower edge of which is made to act as a
deflector.
A NEW METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR BORING INTO WATER AND GAS SUPPLY PIPES AND FIXING BRANCH PIPES THEREON
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Archibald Brooman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
27th February 1863.-A communication from abroad by Edme Ernest
Mathelin and Pierre Lucien Mathelin, of Tourcoing, France.
I, RICHARD ARCHIBALD BROOMAN, of 166, Fleet Street, in the City of
London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "A NEW METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR BORING INTO WATER AND GAS
SUPPLY PIPES AND FIXING BRANCH PIPES THEREON," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a method of and apparatus for boring into water
and gas supply pipes and fixing branch pipes thereon without interrupting or
interfering with the supply as hereafter described. At the point where the
supply pipe is to be pierced I place under and round it a metal strap or clip,
bring the ends of the strap upwards and pass them through flanges spreading
out from the bottom of a tube; between the supply pipe and this tube I place
a lead, gutta percha, or other suitable washer, and make a hermetic joint by
tightening the strap by nuts which bear on the top of the flanges and screw on to
the ends of the strap. The tube has fitted in it a tap, and just above the tap the
tube is flanged. For the purpose of boring into the supply pipe there is
another flanged tube bolted to the tube first mentioned; in the upper part of
this second tube a stuffing box is fitted and a head for supporting a pressure
screw is bolted to flanges on the top thereof. The shaft of a boring bit is
carried through the stuffing box and through the water or gas way in the
plug of the tap fitted in the tube attached to the supply pipe. A boring
bit is fitted in the lower end of the shaft, while the pressure screw passed

page_text: through the head before mentioned bears on the top thereof, a ratchet brace
imparts the necessary motions to the bit, and the supply pipe is thereby
pierced. The stuffing box at the top of the second tube prevents the water
or gas escaping. The boring shaft and bit are drawn up through the passage
in the plug of the tap, which is then closed. The parts are removed from the
tube in which the tap is fitted, and the tube with its tap and the strap remain
permanently attached to the supply pipe. The branch tube or pipe may be
extended as required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR WORKING HYDRAULIC PRESSES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Kirkland at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th July
1868.
I, JOHN KIRKLAND, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR WORKING HYDRAULIC PRESSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a new arrangement of the pumps and apparatus
immediately in connection with the same and with the presses; and although
my said improvements are applicable to the working of all hydraulic presses,
they are especially suitable for use in connection with hydraulic presses for
expressing oils from linseed, rape, cotton, and other seeds. I place and work
the pumps in any convenient way. To every single or double press,
but pre-
ferably to a series of double sets of presses, so that they can be worked
successively, I connect or employ one or more large pumps. To each single
or double press I connect or employ a small or pressure pump. The large
and small pumps are used or worked jointly to move the travelling plates
quickly "to their work," but the former, the large pump or pumps, is or are
weighted or set, that when a given pressure is reached they cease to commu-
nicate with the rams of the presses, and without stopping or being stopped
overflow at a valve provided for that purpose. The small or pressure pump.
however, does not stop nor cease to communicate with the press, and although
it is also weighted or set to overflow at a desired pressure, it continues to

page_text: work, and maintains the pressure uniformly on the articles or substances in
the press so long as they remain therein. A check valve between the large
and small pumps, when the former cease to communicate with the press or
are stopped, prevents communication and allows the full force to be applied
to the ram of the press.
The advantages of the foregoing arrangement in seed-crushing mills are
very great, for the time necessary for getting the presses to work is reduced,
and the yield of oil is increased by maintaining the pressure and taking up the
space vacated by the oils.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN IRON AND OTHER METAL BOND FOR USE IN BUILDING
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Zachariah Major Parkes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th
February 1863.
I, ZACHARIAH MAJOR PARKES, of 2, Upper Park Place, Plumstead Common,
in the County of Kent, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN IRON AND OTHER METAL BOND FOR USE IN
BUILDING," to be as follows:-
My Invention has for object the manufacture of an improved iron or other
metal bond for bonding or tying brick, stone, and other building materials, and
consists of a band or strip of iron or other metal with transverse teeth, ridges,
ribs, or projections pressed out of the solid, and so raised at intervals on each
side of the strip or band for or on the whole width thereof. These projections
are intended to be laid in the cement or mortar, or between the courses, or in
the joints or interstices of the bricks, stones, or building materials, so that the
bond thus held prevents the materials from giving or slipping out of place.
I generally arrange the teeth, ridges, ribs, or projections on one side of the
strip alternately or intermediately with those on the other side thereof, so that
the band or strip may alternately present a projection to the courses on each
side of or above and below the band. Instead of these projections being
pressed out from the strip they may be fixed to it. The mode I recommend
for manufacturing the bond is the employment of two rollers, on one of which

page_text: is a male ring or annular projection, and on the other a female or sunken ring
or annular recess; in each of these rings are one or more suitable indentations,
chases, or recesses, by means of which when a bar of metal is passed between
the rollers it will be rolled into a strip or band with the projections above
described formed upon it.
In- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER SPOOL TUBES
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Crabtree at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th
November 1868.
I, CHARLES CRABTREE, of Bingley, in the County of York, Spool Tube
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER SPOOL TUBES," to be as follows:-
In the manufacture of spool tubes heretofore it has been usual to make
them of one sheet or thickness of paper wound up in the form of a tube, and
usually wound two or more times round, so as to produce two or more thick-
nesses of the paper in the tube, whereas, according to my Invention, I paste or
glue two, three, or more thicknesses of paper together in the sheet and after-
wards form spool tubes of such sheet, whereby I produce a firmer, stiffer, and
better tube than tubes manufactured heretofore for like purposes, which is of
great importance in spinning worsted yarns. By this means I am also enabled
to use a different kind of paper for the inside than that used for the outside of
the spool tube which I prefer. Any suitable adhesive material may be used
instead of paste or gum.
AN IMPROVED BLUE COLOURING MATTER
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Holliday at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th May
1863.
I, THOMAS HOLLIDAY, of Huddersfield, in the County of York, Manu-
facturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature, of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED BLUE COLOURING MATTER," to be as follows:-
The improvement consists in obtaining a blue colouring matter by the com-
bination of rosaniline with the benzoate of aniline, or combination of benzoic
acid with aniline, or its homologues, or mixtures of them. For this purpose
I mix together benzoic acid with aniline, or its homologues, or mixtures of
them in a suitable vessel, and add thereto the substance obtained from
red aniline dye, and called rosaniline; I then apply heat to the vessel
containing these matters, so as to obtain a state of slight ebullition, which
I maintain till the blue colour desired is fully developed. One part of
benzoic acid to three parts of aniline, and one part of rosaniline answer well,
but I do not confine myself to these proportions. The matter obtained may
then be mixed with acetic acid, methylated spirit, wood spirit, or alcohol, and
after filtration it will be ready for dyeing purposes. Or, if desired in a dry
or powdered state, I subject the matters obtained as above to the action of an
acid (as sulphuric or hydrochloric acid) and boiling water, adapted to remove
the excess of aniline and benzoic acid.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PADLOCKS AND OTHER LOCKS AND THEIR KEYS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Matthew Tildesley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th January
1863.
I, MATTHEW TILDESLEY, of the Firm of John Harper and Company, of
Willenhall, in the County of Stafford, Lock Manufacturers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF PADLOCKS AND OTHER LOCKS AND THEIR KEYS," to be as follows, that is to
say:-
My improvements consist, firstly, in casting all the parts of padlocks, except
the spring, instead of making them of sheet or forged metals.
Secondly, in a method of securing the shackle between the back and front
plates to avoid employing the rivet pin; this I effect by casting a sinking
upon either side of the heel of the shackle, and a corresponding stud or rise
upon the front and back plates, or a hole or a sinking in these plates
with a stud or pin upon the heel of the shackle.
Thirdly, in forming a stop upon the cheek through which the
bolt strikes, and against which stop the spoon of the shackle rests.
Fourthly, in such locks as usually employ a drill pin I form
the key with a pointed end fitting a corresponding cup cast in the lock
around which cup is a circular ward to receive the key.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING VESSELS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Reeves Harris at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th April
1863.
I, JOHN REEVES HARRIS, of Hawley Road, Kentish Town, in the County
of Middlesex, House Decorator, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PROPELLING VESSELS," to be as follows:-
The improvements relato to giving motion to vessels by means of propellers
enclosed within the body of the vessel, except at those parts of them which
are for the time acting on the water for the purpose of propulsion. I form
the propellers with radial or other suitably formed floats or boards, and
enclosed sides, so that the spaco between adjoining floats or boards may form
chambers open at the periphery for action upon the water; and I enclose
these propellers, except where they act directly upon the water, within boxes or
compartments formed for them in the hull of the vessel. By these means
only the part of the propeller for the time acting projects from the vessel, and
at the same time the back action of the water is avoided. Each of the pro-
pellers may be worked by a separate engine, or may be otherwise operated,
in order to their being caused to revolve as required in the same or opposite
directions. Propellers thus arranged are particularly applicable to vessels
of war.
A NEW LUBRICATING MATERIAL OR COMPOUND
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Keate Erlam at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
May 1868.
I, FREDERICK KEATE ERLAM, of Devonshire Terrace, Fulham Road, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW LUBRICATING MATERIAL OR COMPOUND," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the application of a material (not hitherto used
for the purpose) for lubricating axles, shafts, and other parts of machinery,
and also in the application of the same material in combination with another
material or substance to effect the same objects.
I propose, in the first place, to apply the material known as plumbago or
carbonate of iron reduced to a state of impalpable powder to the bearings,
journals, axle boxes, or other parts wherein or upon which the revolving,
sliding, or other moveablo parts of engines or machinery work, whereby the
injurious results of friction and the heating of shafts or axles are avoided, the
plumbago acting as a perfect substitute for oil, grease, or the compound known
as railway grease.
I also form a compound by the admixture of plumbago or carbonate of iron
with prepared chalk or the substance commonly known as French chalk.
These materials having been first pulverized to the greatest possible extent are
to be mixed together and thoroughly incorporated in various proportions,
according as it may in practice appear most desirable.
I prefer the following proportions, viz., one part of pulverized chalk to ten

page_text: or twelve parts of plumbago or carbonate of iron; but in some cases about
twenty parts of plumbago may be mixed with one part of chalk.
This compound is of a nature peculiarly applicable to lubricating purposes;
it forms a soft shining film on the surface of metallic bodies exposed to friction,
and acts in exactly the same manner as lubricating materials or compounds
made from animal or other oils or fats, and moreover possesses a great
advantage over them in regard to expense.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING AND PRINTING
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Lowe at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th August
1863.
I, CHARLES LOWE, of Bradford Street, South Bradford, near Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DYEING AND PRINTING," to
be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the application of the soluble alkaline phosphates,
borates, or arseniates of potash, soda, or ammonia for the purpose of ren-
dering more soluble in the dye bath certain colouring matters, known by the
names of aurine and rosolic acid, and thus facilitating the dyeing and printing
processes in which they are used. I dissolve in the dye bath, by preference,
phosphate of soda, and then add the colouring matter in the proportion of one
gallon for every two and three quarter pounds avoirdupois of phosphate. The
silk, woollen, bair, or prepared cotton, linen, or other vegetable fibre, fabrics, or
yarns, or threads are then worked in the bath until the desired shade is
obtained, after which they are washed off. The reddish orange shade obtained,
as above, may be converted into a yellow orange by the addition of any acid
or acid salt to the wash-off water. I do not confine myself to the above pro-
portions, as it is well known that different qualities of goods require different
treatment according to the shade of colour required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING ELASTIC FABRICS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th November
1863.
I, JAMES CLARK, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Air-proof and Water-proof Fabric Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING ELASTIC
FABRICS," to be as follows:-
First, I employ a batten for producing two or more elastic webs or fabrics
directly one above the other. The shuttle planks or guides for the shuttles
are placed directly above each other, and the required warps passed between
the dents of the reeds in similar positions, the shuttles being moved or driven
in the ordinary or any other convenient manner.
Secondly, I employ a batten in which there are two series of shuttles, one
above the other in zig-zag positions, and two series of reeds, one for each
shuttle, above each other, in corresponding zig-zag positions, the upper reeds
being between the lower ones and above the lower shuttle planks or guides,
the shuttles being moved or driven in any convenient manner. These arrange-
ments economise room and enable twice the number of webs to be woven in
a loom of a certain length than at present.
And, thirdly, I employ an improved arrangement for letting off or delivering
the rubber warps. The said warps from each rubber beam or bobbin are

page_text: passed between two or more rollers, one or more of which are caused to
revolve at any required speed. There is a separate action for each rubber
warp, which arrangement has the effect of maintaining the rubber uniformly
at any given stretch or tension.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Antoine Pascal Hernandez and
Pierre Bélisaire Crespy at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 27th May. 1863.
We, ANTIONE PASCAL HERNANDEZ and PIERRE BÉLISAIRE CRESPY, of
Bordeaux, in the Empire of France, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP," to be
as follows:-
Our soap, as regards the principle of manufacture, is the same as for
ordinary fine soaps, but the composition differs, for instead of using fats or fatty
matters we use fine oils, and in addition thirty-five per cent. of rice flour, and
in the manipulation and mixing process we employ aromatized water, thus
Also soap made
giving to our soap a softness hitherto unattainable in soaps.
according to our Invention whitens the skin, and renders the use of pearl or
other powders or flour (all of which are visible on its surface) unnecessary for
that purpose.
IMPROVEMENT IN SPRING BED BOTTOM
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Amedée Paul Jeune at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 4th March
1863.
I, AMEDÉE PAUL JEUNE, of Bordeaux, in the Empire of France, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENT IN
SPRING BED BOTTOM," to be as follows:-
My improved spring bottom or mattrass is similar in form to those at
present in use. The alterations and improvements which form the object of
my Invention are based upon the application of cleats to the transversal bars,
on the arrangement of the bands, which fix the spring in five places by means
of a zinc washer, and in the jointed racks. These improvements extend
equally to sofas or couches, easy chairs, and generally to all articles of
furniture requiring spring bottoms or seats.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PLAITING COTTON, THREAD, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL OVER STEELS FOR CRINOLINES, AND IN THE MODE OF SECURING THE PLAITING TO PREVENT ITS SLIPPING THEREON
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Rushton at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th January
1863.
I, HENRY RUSHTON, of Northampton Road, Clerkenwell, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR PLAITING COTTON, THREAD, OR OTHER FIBROUS MATERIAL
OVER STEELS FOR CRINOLINES, AND IN THE MODE OF SECURING THE PLAITING TO
PREVENT ITS SLIPPING THEREON," " to be as follows
99
These improvements consist, firstly, instead of having a series of dogs or
beaters for changing the direction of the tubes, I fix a series of projections on
the circular bar in lieu thereof, and thus obtain greater certainty in controlling
the tubes, and increase the durability of the machine.
2ndly, to give motion to the circular bar mentioned in the first part of my
Invention I use a camb made by a groove of suitable shape, in which works
a pin attached to the said circular bar.
- 3rdly, the thread plaited over the steel is attached thereto, and prevented
from shifting or slipping thereon by the application of a quickly drying size or
varnish upon the surface of the steel, the size is applied by passing the steel
between two rollers in the machine which are covered with flannel, saturated,
and kept well supplied with the size.
AN IMPROVED SLIPPER OR CLOG PRINCIPALLY INTENDED FOR BATH ROOMS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Clemence de Wailly at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with her Petition, on the 25th
September 1863.
I, CLEMENCE DE WAILLY, Widow of Leon de Wailly (an Author), living at
No. 1A, Florence Street, Upper Street, Islington, N, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SLIPPER OR CLOG PRINCIPALLY
INTENDED FOR BATH ROOMS," to be as follows, viz. :-
In the manufacturing of light elegant slippers or clogs specially adapted for
bath rooms or hydropathic establishments constructed of thin cords or plaits of
straw, cane, rush, cocoa nut or Mexican fibre, or any other vegetable substance
not damageable by water, joined together in the same manner as the Tuscan
straws, or sewn or stitched together, and shaped on a last in various elegant
forms, but always without quarter at the heels. These slippers or clogs,
entirely new in their forms, materials, and mode of fabrication, are remarkably
well adapted to their object, being very comfortable to the feet, and preserving
their primitive form and size even after being repeatedly washed and dried,
owing to the strict exclusion of all animal substances in their construction.
What I consider as particularly new in these slippers or clogs is, firstly, their
construction of purely vegetable substances; and, secondly, their mode of
fabrication, being made of thin cords or plaits joined together in the same
manner as the Tuscan straws, or sewn or stitched together, and shaped on a
last, but always without quarter at the heels. Two modes of fabrication never
yet put in use for such articles.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF FIGURING AND ORNAMENTING CLOTHS AND OTHER FABRICS, AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Emile Alcan at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st October
1863. A communication from abroad by François Vouillon, of Louviers,
France.
I, EMILE ALCAN, of King Street, in the City of London, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF
FIGURING AND ORNAMENTING CLOTHS AND OTHER FABRICS, AND APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREIN," to be as follows:-
This Invention is intended to apply to woollen cloths chiefly, and consists in
impressing patterns thereon in manner hereafter stated.
I take a table and cover it with felt or other like suitable soft material, or I
take a clothed roller; I fit cards or points at the sides to hold the cloth
stretched laterally; I then moisten the cloth by fine spray from a brush or
perforated pipe, and according to the nature of the pattern to be impressed I
take a metal block or a cylinder with the required pattern thereon in relief,
heat the block or cylinder by steam, hot air, or hot irons, and press the same
on the cloth. Where I use the clothed roller I place the pattern cylinder over
it, and pass the cloth between the cylinder and roller and regulate the pressure
by means of screws or springs.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIBE-ARMS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Thomas Hughes at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd
January 1863.-A communication from abroad by Alexander Schmalz,
of 13, Rue Gaillon, Paris, Merchant.
I, EDWARD THOMAS HUGHES, of the Firm of Hughes and Son, Patent
Agents, 123, Chancery Lane, London, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIBE-ARMS," a commu-
nication to me from abroad by Alexander Schmalz, of 18, Rue Gaillon, Paris,
Merchant, to be as follows:-
My improvements relate, first, to a novel arrangement of mechanical parts
for raising the breech end of the barrel from the breech sufficiently for the
introduction of the charge or cartridge, as well as for closing the same ready
for fire; and, secondly, in a mechanical arrangement of parts for forcing the
extremity of the barrel in contact with the breech.
For the first part of my Invention I unite the barrel to a bed extending
from the breech under the said barrel by a joint, and by means of a lever, one
part of which is jointed to a tongue protruding from the under side of the
barrel, whilst another part is in communication with slots or passages cut in
the under part of the breech, I open the gun to the required extent and
re-close it ready for fire.
For the second part of my Invention I make use of a wedge placed under
the barrel and at right angles with the same, and by means of a screw drawing
down the said wedge I cause the extremity of the barrel to be forced up
against the breech.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR OTHER METALLIC ROD AND WIRE, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michael Phillipps at the Olice of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th March
1863.
I, MICHAEL PHILLIPPS, of Dewsall, near Hereford, in the County of
Hereford, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR OTHER METALLIC ROD AND
WIRE, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED IN SUCH MANUFACTURE,"
to be as follows:-
In carrying out this Invention I take a cylinder or pipe from four to five
feet long, bored internally to two inches and a quarter diameter, or there-
abouts, in which cylinder is a solid plunger or piston, worked either by
hydraulic pressure or by means of a crank or otherwise, from any suitable
machinery. At the opposite end of the cylinder to that which the piston
enters is a cap of hard cast iron or steel six to eight inches long, fastened to
the cylinder on the one side by a strong hinge and on the other side by a
hasp, or in any other suitable way, so that the end of the cylinder may at
once and with ease be laid open at each back stroke of the piston for inserting
the heated "billet" of metal, and covered with the cap again for the forward
stroke of the plunger. The cap is bored longitudinally, the hole tapering
from two inches and a quarter, where it fits against the bore of cylinder to
one inch at the other end; at the end of the cap a cast-steel block or point is
screwed in, bored in the same way, and tapering from an inch to the size
required for the rod or wire. The point can be changed in an instant when
it is required to change the size of rod. The het "billet" comes f.om

page_text: the balling furnace cut to the required length, in the same way as for the
guide rolls, and is pushed into the cylinder, the plunger being then at the
other end for the commencement of the stroke. The cap is at once closed,
and fastens with the hasp of its own accord. The forward stroke of the
plunger forces the "billet" through the taper bore of the cap and steel point,
it comes out at the other end a rod in every way better finished than a rolled
rod. Close by the point must work a small light pair of shears, worked in
the usual way for cutting the rods into the required lengths. At the end of
the stroke the rod, if not for wire, must bo cut off as close to the point as
possible, the cap again opened, and a second "billet" put in, which not only
pushes out the small portion of the first "billet" remaining in the taper of
the cap, but from the great pressure used welds with it, and forms one
continuous rod.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Whitley at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th October
1863.
I, JOSEPH WHITLEY, of Leeds, in the County of York, Brass and Iron
Founder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS," to be as follows:-
These improvements consists of a sleeper made of cast malleable iron,
wrought iron, or steel, with or without flanges on the sides and ends, and with
one or more ribs on the back, and with or without indentations on the upper
surface to receive the chairs; the same to be cast, rolled, or struck in dies or
blocks, as most convenient.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OIL CANS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William James Dixon at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
December 1863.
I, WILLIAM JAMES DIXON, of Preston, in the County of Lancaster, Cotton
Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OIL CANS, AND IN APPARATUS FOR LUBRICATING," to be as follows:-
My improvements in oil cans consist in making the delivering tube to slide
freely in a bush attached to the oil can; the delivering tube is closed at the
inner end, and is provided with a side perforation; this tube fits accurately in
the bush, in which is a spiral or other spring acting on it. When the oil can
is in use the delivering tube is pressed against the article to be lubricated, or
against any piece near the said article, to force the delivering tube within the
bush, the side perforation is thus brought within an enlarged diameter of the
bush to collect a portion of the lubricating material, which is then at liberty
to run down the delivering tube. By this arrangement a single drop or any
greater quantity of the lubricating material may be supplied; and when the
pressure is removed from the delivering tube the spring closes the orifice, thus
preventing waste and the escape of the lubricating material when the oil can
is upset. Or instead of making the delivering tube moveable, a wire or pin
acting on a valve may press down the delivering tube; this wire or pin on
being pressed against the article to be lubricated opens the valve and allows
the lubricating material to flow.
My improvements in apparatus for lubricating are chiefly applicable for
lubricating shafts, they consist of a rod with a side perforation passing through

page_text: a bush in the vessel containing the lubricating material, this rod is moved to
and fro in the bush by a worm and wheel, or other suitable apparatus, to
bring the side perforation within the vessel to collect a portion of the lubri-
cating material, and then to carry it beyond the bush to deliver it to the shaft
or other article to be lubricated.
AN IMPROVED ROLLER FOR WINDOW BLINDS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Susan Tuchet, commonly called The
Honorable Susan Tuchet, Spinster, at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with her Petition, on the 11th December 1863.
I, SUSAN TUCHET, commonly called The Hon Susan Tuchet, Spinster, of
14, Liverpool Street, Dover, in the County of Kent, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED ROLLER FOR WINDOW BLINDS,"
to be as follows:-
The roller externally has the appearance of those in ordinary use, but is
divided in two parts longitudinally; these two parts are joined by hinges.
On one part, and lengthways needles (or nails) are inserted at intervals
whereon to affix the blind. The other part of the roller closes over the
needles or pins and blind like the lid of a box. The two parts of the roller
are secured together in addition to the hinges by rings or other catches.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PREVENTING THE DESTRUCTION OF PLANTS BY INSECTS AND CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF ANIMALS, AND IN THE MEANS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Valentine Dodwell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
February 1863.
I, ROBERT VALENTINE DODWELL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
District Engineer to the Magnetic Telegraph Company, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF PREVENTING THE
DESTRUCTION OF PLANTS BY INSECTS AND CERTAIN DESCRIPTIONS OF ANIMALS, AND IN
THE MEANS FOR EFFECTING THE SAME," to be as follows:-
The Invention is designed for the purpose of guarding or protecting plants
from injury by ants and other wingless insects, or by snails, caterpillars, worms,
or other similar animals, and tho improvement consists in the novel application,
adaptation, or employment of galvanic or electrical influence or agency to the
purpose. The plants to be protected are to be surrounded by a galvanic
arrangement of metals, either each plant separately, if large, or if the plants
are small the bed containing them is to be surrounded, say, for instance, with
an edging or border of zinc, having a band of copper soldered or attached
upon its surface, whereby a galvanic action is set up, and which will be found
to effectually prevent the passage of insects or animals, for though the
action may be but slight it excites in a sufficient degree to prevent them
crossing it. I would remark that galvanic combinations of other metals may
be employed.
AN IMPROVED MODE OF STRENGTHENING TILT HAMMERS
Year: 1863

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Benjamin Davis and William
Bowler at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 19th September 1863.
We, BENJAMIN DAVIS, of Brettle Lane, in the County of Stafford, Mill-
wright, and WILLIAM BOWLER, of Wall Heath, in the County of Stafford,
Ironfounder, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED MODE OF STRENGTHENING TILT HAMMERS," to be as follows (that is
to say):-
It is well known that tilt hammers are very liable to break in working, and
often after having been in use only a short time, and it is found that the
breakage generally occurs either near the hurst of the helve or horizontal
lever, or near to the flask. Now the object of our Invention is to provide a
remedy for such breakage, and for this purpose, having obtained two iron rods
of suitable length and sufficient strength, we place the said rods one on each
side of the helve, beginning at the tail collar, to which the rods are attached
by pins or other fastenings; they are then carried over two carriages on the
hurst to the flask of the helve, to which they are secured by snugs cast on
each side of the flask. In addition to these tie rods we construct a top and
bottom plate which runs the whole length of the helve, and which plates are
keyed thereto at each end by means of gibs and wedges at the one end of the
helve near to the flask, and at the other end near to the tail collar.