Heating Boilers, and Removable Fire Bricks for the Furnaces of the same.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Apr., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 13th Jan., 1891-Accepted, 28th Mar., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by HOGAN ENGINEERING COMPANY, a Corporation
organized under the laws of the State of New York, and doing business at
66, Duane Street, in the City and State of New York.]
Heating Boilers, and Removable Fire Bricks for the Furnaces of
the same.
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of No. 28, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of London, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The improvements described herein are especially adapted for house heating
boilers in which water is heated for circulation through hot water radiators.
It is very desirable in such boilers to provide means for a free and positive
internal circulation when the radiators are not in use, that the parts of the boiler
next to the fire may not be injured by overheating, or raised to such a temperature
as to generate steam. It is often necessary to maintain such boilers in operation in
public buildings for many months continuously, and one part of the invention relates
to the renewal of the fire brick in any part of the furnace without putting out the
fire or interrupting the use of the boiler.
The boiler consists in two distinct sections which may be made of either wrought
or cast metal, a reservoir section being sustained over a fire box section with
intermediate smoke space, and a jacket applied to retain the smoke in such space, and
direct it to the delivery flue. The two sections are connected at the center by a
pipe which is preferably extended upward within the reservoir section nearly to its
top, and the outlet pipe of the boiler is applied to the top of the reservoir over such
internal central connection. Such central pipe being over the hottest part of the
section, delivers the hottest fluid into the top of the reservoir, from whence, when
the radiators are in operation, it is immediately conducted by the outlet pipe. The
lower parts of the two sections are connected by two or more separate pipes to
provide for a downward flow of the colder fluid.
Such pipes are preferably protected from the heat of the fire, which may be
effected by conducting them outside of the smoke jacket, or if located within the
smoke jacket by covering them with suitable shields. The two sections are
preferably made of circular form, the fire box section consisting in an annular water
leg surrounded by a hollow crown plate perforated to permit the escape of the smoke
to the smoke chamber. The upper, or reservoir section, is preferably tapered
inward toward the bottom to permit the circulation of the smoke between the jacket
and the exterior of the reservoir, the smoke being discharged from the jacket by a
flue at the highest point.
In one modification, the reservoir is formed with a deep central cavity upon its
under side, through the middle of which the central pipe is conducted to enter the
upper part of the reservoir.
Such central cavity is in connection with the smoke chamber, and a lateral
passage is formed from the top of such central cavity through the reservoir to the
smoke space outside of the same around which the smoke is compelled to circulate
to reach the outlet flue which is placed upon the opposite side of the jacket. The
construction described is one in which the heating surface of the boiler is very
effective, while the provision of the central passage for the upward movement, and
the external colder passages for the downward movement of the fluid, secures a
positive and free circulation within the boiler when the external circulation to the
adiators is cut off.

page_text: The fire pot of such house heating boilers is preferably lined with fire brick, and
such fire brick is often permitted to remain in the fire pot when it is broken or
heavily clinkered, because of the impossibility of renewing the same without putting
out the fire. The fire brick is always applied to the fire pot in sections fitted to
different sides of the same, and the present improvement consists in providing the
fire pot with apertures extended outwardly through the walls of the fire pot to the
outside of the furnace or boiler, so that a fire brick may be removed or inserted
through such aperture without interrupting the combustion of the fire. In the
preferred construction, the fire pot itself consists merely in upper and lower annular
plates connected by vertical bars, with intervening spaces extending to the outside
of the fire pot and adapted to insert and withdraw the fire brick between the
vertical bars.
Covers are applied to the outer sides of these spaces to retain the fire bricks
within the pot, and where the fire pot is circular the vertical bars are made radial
and the apertures of tapering form.
The fire bricks of segmental shape may thus be readily inserted in them or with-
drawn from the space within the upper and lower plates. The upper plate where
exposed to the heat of the fire may be radially notched at intervals to permit its
expansion without injury.
Dated this 15th day of April 1890.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Heating Boilers, and Removable Fire Bricks for the Furnaces of
the same.
I, OLIVER IMRAY, of No. 28, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, in the
County of London, Fellow of the Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to provide means for a free and positive internal
circulation in boilers connected with hot water radiators and to provide for a
renewal of any part of the fire brick lining without putting out the fire.
The boiler consists in a reservoir section sustained over a fire box section by a
surrounding jacket to form an intervening smoke chamber, the two sections being
connected at their upper parts for a circulation of the hotter fluid, and at their
lower parts by independent pipes for the downward movement of the colder fluid.
These latter pipes are protected from the heat of the fire.
The two sections are preferably made of circular form, the fire box section
consisting in an annular water-leg surmounted by a hollow crown plate perforated
to permit the escape of the smoke to the smoke chamber from which it is discharged
by a smoke flue. The upper or reservoir section is preferably tapered inward toward
the bottom to permit the circulation of the heated gases between the jacket and the
exterior of the reservoir, the smoke or gases being discharged froni the jacket at
the highest point.
In the annexed drawing
Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the boiler with a central connection between the fire
box and reservoir sections;
Fig. 2 is a plan of the same;
Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a modified form of the boiler;
Fig. 4 a cross section on line x, x, in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is a vertical section of another modification ;
Fig. 6 is a plan of the fire pot, with the boiler above the line y, y, in Fig. 5
re noved:

page_text: plan, and Fig. 9 an outside view of one of the covers to the fire brick apertures.
In Fig. 1, d is the reservoir section, tapered downwardly, with the jacket / fitted
to its upper part, forming a smoke space around the body of the reservoir.
a is the crown plate, with perforations leading to the principal smoke chamber
and is provided with annular water-leg a¹ to which a water inlet is applied at the
bottoin.
9.
is a tube extending from center of crown plate upward into the reservoir nearly
to its top.
kare pipes connecting the bottom of the reservoir with the bottom of the fire box
section, and are extended outside the casting to protect them as much as possible
from the heat in the chamber 9. is the outlet from top of reservoir, and i the
smoke flue from upper part of jacket.
e are the fire brick, the grate of the fire pot, h' the ash pit, h² its door, and the
door opening through the water leg to supply fuel.
With this construction the heated gases generated in the fire box pass through
the perforations in the crown plate to the chamber g, thence to the annular smoke
space and the flue . The gases thus circulate around the bottom and upon all
sides of the reservoir before they escape to the chimuey.
The boiler and the radiators connected therewith would be filled with water, and
the hottest water would naturally rise from the center of the crown plate to the top
of the reservoir and would be delivered directly thence by the central outlet pipe d'.
The cool return fluid from the radiators would be introduced at the bottom of the
fire box section by pipes or 1, whence the fluid would pass into the lowest parts
of the fire box and reservoir sections, where it would be heated before it was again
discharged to the radiators.
When the radiators are cut off, the internal circulation is fully maintained, and
the exposed surfaces prevented from overheating by the provision of the separate.
passages for upward and downward circulation.
In the modification shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the sections are connected at their
upper parts by two external tubes 6 instead of one central tube b. In Fig. 5, the
lower part of the reservoir is shown formed as a water ring, tapered toward the.
bottom; with central pocket c, and annular guard n closing the bottom of
the chamber y' to direct the gases into the pocket.
A. smoke passage c' extends from the highest part of the pocket through the
water ring to the space g', upon the opposite side of the boiler from the flue i; by
which construction the gases heat the interior of the water ring and its entire
exterior before they can escape. Instead of the guard n, the water ring may be.
extended down to the crown plate as indicated by dotted lines c² in Fig. 5, to lead
the gases first into the pocket.
In the fire pot, m is an upper annular plate, m³ a lower plate connected thereto
by vertical bars o; fire brick e are inserted in the spaces between the vertical bars,
and the apertures behind the brick are extended entirely outside of the fire pot so
that they can be reached, to withdraw and insert the same.
Covers are secured to certain of the bars o, and are preferably formed with an
inner plate n connected to the cover by ribs n' and divided into sections to
permit the expanding of the inner plate when heated without distorting the covers..
The covers may be secured by screws s (Fig. 7) or other means, and a clinker
door having a fire brick attached thereto, may be provided, as has been done.
heretofore.
2°
The plate m is preferably formed with notches v to permit the expansion without.
distortion when heated.
The fire brick would be attached as usual to the clinker door r, but the series
of fire brick to line the fire pot would be held in place merely by their tapering form
and the covers applied outside the same.
Instead of tapering the bricks their inner ends may be notched to fit a bead u
upon the plate m².

page_text: By this construction any fire brick that may be injured can be replaced without
disturbing or putting out the fire.
By the connection of the two boiler sections with separate water pipes at their
upper and lower portions, a circulation of the colder fluid downward and of the
heated fluid upward is secured with positive certainty when the radiators are not in
use, and the boiler is thus prevented from injury.
The construction permits of very cheap manufacture by casting, the fire pot and
the reservoir being shown in the drawings of suitable construction to cast in one or
more pieces, and bolted together, and such material is entirely suitable for hot
water boilers in which the pressure is commonly limited to five or ten pounds per
square inch.
With this construction of boiler the heat operates in the most efficient and
economical manner and is transmitted to the water with great rapidity owing to the
rapid circulation which is secured at all times.
Broad claim is not made herein to the provision of cold channels for the down-
ward circulation, as such construction is claimed broadly in another application for
Patent filed herewith.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The compound boiler, consisting in a fire box section and a reservoir section,
a jacket sustaining one section above the other, a water connection between the
upper parts of such sections, a water outlet from the reservoir section and a water
inlet to the fire box section, and a smoke outlet from the jacket, the whole arranged
and operated substantially as set forth.
2nd. A compound boiler consisting in a fire box section and a reservoir section,
a jacket sustaining one section above the other, a pipe connecting the centers of the
two sections, and extended upward within the reservoir section nearly to its top, a
water connection between the lower parts of the two sections excluded from contact
with the heated gases, a water outlet from the top of the reservoir, a water inlet to
the fire box section, and a smoke outlet from the jacket, substantially as herein
set forth.
3rd. The compound boiler constructed substantially as shown in Fig. 5, and con-
sisting in the fire box section having an annular water leg and hollow perforated
crown plate, a reservoir section constructed with the tapered water ring and central
pocket, a jacket sustaining the reservoir above the fire box section, a central tube
connecting the top of the fire box with the upper part of the reservoir, water
connections between the lower parts of the ring and crown plates, a guard plate
directing the heated gases into the pocket of the water ring, and a smoke passage
extending from such pocket through the water ring, a water inlet to the fire box
section, and a water outlet from the reservoir section, substantially as herein
set forth.
4th. A heating boiler provided with a fire pot, having a lining consisting in a
series of fire bricks, and provided with apertures extending outward through the
walls of the fire pot behind the several bricks of the series to permit their removal
and insertion, with covers applied to the apertures, substantially as herein set forth.
5th. A heating boiler provided with a fire pot formed of upper and lower plates
connected by vertical bars, with intermediate spaces extending to the outside of.the
fire pot, and covers to retain the bricks in the spaces, the covers being formed with
outer plates and divided inner plates connected with the outer plates by ribs i,
as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated this 12th doxy of Tonu 1901
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.