IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Thomas Emmott at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th May 1881. A commu-
nication from abroad by Eugéne Appenzeller, of Mülhausen, in the German
Empire.
WILLIAM THOMAS EMMOTT, of 14, Saint Ann's Square, in the City of Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING
WOOL AND OTHER FIBRES." [A communication from abroad by Eugéne
Appenzeller, of Mülhausen, in the German Empire.]
These improvements relate to the apparatus to be employed in spinning wool
and other fibres, for which Letters Patent were granted to Maurice Bauer,
dated the Twenty fourth of January, One thousand eight hundred and eighty,
Number 319, and have for their object the regulation of the motion of the
apparatus and of its alternating action upon the sliver.
To accomplish the first of these objects a differential motion is employed between
the first motion shaft and the apparatus consisting of a group of bevel wheels
actuated by trains of change wheels. Upon the first motion shaft is keyed a
change wheel, which through an intermediate wheel drives another wheel fixed
upon the end of the differential motion shaft. At the other end of this shaft is
keyed a similar wheel which also by a train of wheels drives the shaft from which
the motion of the lower pulley of the apparatus is derived. The driver and driven
wheels of this train have each the same number of teeth, so that the shafts will
have equal numbers of revolutions in equal periods.
The differential motion consists of four bevel or mitre wheels geared together,
two of which are carried on the shaft before referred to, while the other two are
mounted within and at right angles to a spur wheel carried on the same shaft.
This spur wheel is driven by a compound train of wheels also from the same shaft.
The first wheel of this train has forty teeth and drives another with two hundred
and thirty nine, or two hundred and forty teeth; on the same stud with this wheel
is another having one hundred and ten teeth driving one with one hundred teeth;
and on the stud with this wheel is another having thirty five teeth driving the spur
wheel of the differential motion. The numbers of the teeth may be varied at will.

page_text: The outer bevel wheel of the differential motion is keyed upon its shaft while
the other members of the group are free to rotate upon their axes.
Secured to the
boss of the inner bevel wheel is the driving wheel of another simple train of wheels,
the driven being keyed upon the shaft from which the motion of the upper pulley
is derived. The sizes of the driver and of the driven in this train are equal.
The lower pulley of the apparatus thus derives a positive motion through two
trains of wheels from the first motion shaft, while the upper is driven through the
differential motion.
In spinning carded wool with the apparatus described in the Specification before
mentioned, it sometimes happens that the pressure exerted on the rollers is too
strong or too weak, in the former case the sliver is cut, and in the latter case it is
not properly caught and irregularities ensue. In order to obviate these defects the
pressure roller of the apparatus may be covered with cloth and leather, so as to
form a cushion between the grooves of the fluted roller and the metallic surface of
the pressure roller.
In order to more readily regulate the pressure between the two rollers of the
apparatus, its body or ring has formed upon it two paps which are bored and
screwed, two spindles with "cheese" heads are plaeed in the paps with their heads
in contact with the movable presser roller bearings.
Spiral springs are then passed over the spindles and bear against their heads,
and a short screw bored, so that the spindle may pass through it axially, is screwed
into each pap until it comes in contact with and compresses the spiral spring.
The pressure between the rollers may then be increased by screwing the short
hollow screws further into the paps, or reduced by unscrewing them.