IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DRYING OR DESSICATING GRAIN, MALT, SPENT MALT, AND SOME OTHER ·SUBSTANCES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Jackson, of Park Square, Leeds, in the
County of York, for the Invention of “ IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR DRYING OR DESSICATING GRAIN, MALT, SPENT MALT, AND SOME OTHER
·SUBSTANCES."
Sealed the 26th January 1872, and dated the 3rd October 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Henry Jackson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd October 1871.
I, HENRY JACKSON, of Park Square, Leeds, in the County of York,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR DRYING OR DESSICATING GRAIN, MALT, SPENT MALT, AND SOME
OTHER SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
:-
My Invention relates to apparatus adapted to be used in the drying
of grain, seeds, spent malt, tobacco, dye-stuffs, chemical matters, and
other substances, and more particularly to apparatus wherein revolving

page_text: drying cylinders are used, and the first. part of my said Invention
consists of an improved method of mounting the said cylinders and of
giving motion thereto.
According to this part of my Invention the inlet end of the cylinder
is provided with a central axle on which is fixed a bovil wheel, and the
said axle is fitted to revolve in a bearing formed in a swivelling bearer
which is formed at each end with a gudgeon, the said gudgeons resting
in bearings. The axis of the driving shaft is in a line with the axes of
the said gudgeons, and a bevil pinion fixed on the said shaft gears with
the aforesaid bevil wheel, the whole arrangement being such that the
delivery end of the cylinder may be raised or lowered without interfering
with the revolving motion of the said cylinder. I would here remark
that I do not intend to confine myself to the use of the bevil gearing
for the said purpose, but I have described such herein as being the
most suitable to the purpose. The said delivery end is sustained by
a pair of rollers which are mounted in or on a frame, and the said frame
is capable of being raised or lowered so that the amount of inclination
of the axis of the cylinder may be varied or that the said axis may be
caused to be horizontal, the speed of delivery of the grain being thus
capable of being regulated as required; or the said delivery may be.
caused to cease for. a time by raising the end of the cylinder to a
sufficient extent. In order to raise the end of the cylinder, I prefer to
employ screws fitted with worm wheels actuated by worms fixed on
a shaft which is provided with a handle or hand wheel, or with means
for rotating the said shaft by power, the said screws sustaining the
frame which carries the aforesaid rollers.
A second part of my Invention has for its object to admit steam to
the jacket of the said cylinder, and to withdraw water therefrom in
cases wherein the said cylinder is heated by means of steam; this
part of my Invention being also applicable to revolving cylinders not
mounted as herein aforesaid. For this purpose I connect the steam
and water pipes with two passages formed in a taper plug, the steam
passago ending in a port formed on one side of the said plug, a similar
port communicating with the water passage being formed on the other
side of the said plug. The said plug is fitted into a shell formed on
or attached to the end of the axle of the drying cylinder, the said shell
having ports to correspond with those in the said plug, the said ports
communicating with passages connected with diametrically opposite

page_text: points in the steam jacket. The said plug remains stationary during
the revolution of the cylinder, and cach of the ports in the shell is
brought alternately into communication with each port in the plug,
each of the said passages being alternately an inlet for steam and an
exit for water, according as it is in communication with one port or
the other in the said plug.
i
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Jackson in the Great Scal Patent Office on
the 2nd April 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
JACKSON, of Park Square, Leeds, in the County of York, Consulting
Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Henry Jackson, Her special licence
that I, the said Henry Jackson, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Henry Jackson, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend,
within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,. the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR DRYING OR DESSICATING GRAIN, MALT, SPENT MALT, AND SOME OTHER
SUBSTANCES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Henry
Jackson, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of tho said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Jackson, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same

page_text: is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Drawings, that is to
say:
My Invention relates to apparatus adapted to be used in the drying of
grain, seed, spent malt, tobacco, dye-stuffs, chemical matters, and some 6
other substances, and more particularly to apparatus wherein revolving
drying cylinders are used, and the first part of my said Invention
consists of an improved method of mounting the said cylinders and
of giving motion thereto.
According to this part of my Invention the inlet end of the cylinder 1
is provided with a central axle on which is fixed a bevil wheel, and the
said axle is fitted to revolve in a bearing formed in a swiveling bearer,
which is formed at each end with a "gudgeon," the said gudgcon resting
in bearings. The axis of the driving shaft is in a line with thic axis
of the said gudgeons, and a bevil pinion fixed on the said shaft gears 1
with the aforesaid bevil wheel, the whole arrangement being such that
the delivery end of the cylinder may be raised or lowered without
interfering with the revolving motion of the said cylinder. The said
delivery end is sustained by a pair of rollers which are mounted in or
on a frame, and the said frame is capable of being raised or lowered so 2
that the amount of inclination of the axis of the cylinder may be varied,
or that the said axis may be caused to be horizontal.
A second part of my Invention has for its object to admit steam to
the jacket of the said cylinder, and to withdraw water therefrom in cases
wherein the said cylinder is heated by means of steam; this part of 2
my Invention being also applicable to revolving cylinders not mounted
as herein aforesaid. For this purpose I connect the steam and water
pipes with two passages formed in a taper plug, the steam passage
ending in a port formed on one side of the said plug, a similar port
communicating with the water passage being formed on the other side 3
of the said plug. The said plug is fitted into a shell formed on or
attached to the end of the axle of the drying cylinder, the said shell
having ports to correspond with those in the said plug, the said ports
communicating with passages connected with diametrically opposite
points in the steam jacket.
Referring in this place to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings
3

page_text: improved apparatus, partly in section; Fig. 2 is a view of the delivery
end; and Fig. 3 a view of the inlet end of the said apparatus; Fig. 4
being a plan of the said inlet end.
In the said Figs. the drying cylinder is formed of sheet metal with
an outer jacket, between which jacket and the drying cylinder is the
steam space m.
The inlet end of the said cylinder is attached to arms
formed on the boss H which is fixed on the shaft or axle A. The said
axle rests.in a bearing formed in the swiveling bearer B; the said bearer
is formed with "gudgeons "which rest in bearings formed in or fixed
on the upper ends of the standards O, O. A driving shaft E is fitted
to revolve in a bearing formed in or fixed on the standard C¹ and in
a bearing. formed in one of the aforesaid gudgeons, the said shaft being
actuated by means of a strap acting on the pulley D. On the said shaft
is fixed a bevil pinion F which gears with the bevil wheel G which is
fixed on the axle A. The discharge end of the said cylinder is fitted
with a turned ring Q, which rests upon two anti-friction rollers R, R,
which are mounted in bearings carried by the frame S. The said frame
is mounted on the upper ends of the two screws T, T, which work in
nuts formed in, or on, or attached to the worm wheels U, U. On the
shaft W are fixed two worms which gear with the said worm wheels,
and on the end of the said shaft is fixed a bevil wheel, which gears
with a bevil pinion which is fixed on a shaft which is provided with
a winch handle X.
The grain or matter to be dried is fed into the hopper O, and a worm
on the axle A feeds the said grain or matter into the drying cylinder,
the said cylinder being caused to rotate by means of the driving shaft E.
Shelves n, n, for agitating the grain or matter during the process of
drying' are fixed to the interior of the drying cylinder.. During the
process of drying the rate of travel of the grain or matter through the
O cylinder is regulated by raising or lowering the delivery end of the
cylinder. This is effected by turning the winch handle X in one
direction or the other as required. For example, in case the grain or
matter when delivered be not sufficiently dry the delivery end of the
drying cylinder is raised by turning the said winch handle; and on
the contrary, if the said grain or matter when delivered be too dry, or
if it be considered that the grain or matter would be sufficiently dried

page_text: if passed through more quickly, the said end of the cylinder is lowered.
The said end of the cylinder may be raised to such an extent as to cause
the delivery to cease for a time.
Fig. 5 represents a longitudinal section of the valve for admitting
steam to the jacket of the said drying cylinder; Fig. 6 being a cross
section on the lino A, B, in Fig. 5; and Fig. 7 an end view of the said
valve.
The said valve is formed with two passages F and H³, which, when
the said valve is secured to the end of the axle A, coincide with two
passages in the said axle, one of the said passages communicating with
the pipe K, the other passage communicating with the pipe L. The
passages F and H³ terminate in ports, cach of which extend some
distance around the "plug" of the valve. A passage E' formed in the
plug C of the valve is in communication with a steam supply pipe,
a second passage G³ being connected with a waste pipe. The said plug 1
remains stationary during the revolution of the drying cylinder, and
the port at the end of each of the passages F and H³ is brought
alternately into communication with the said passages in the plug.
When the pipe K is uppermost, as in Fig. 1, steam will flow through
the passages E and F and the pipo K into the steam jacket, any a
water which may be in the said jacket being forced out through the
pipe L and the passages H³ and G³. As the cylinder revolves and the
pipe L becomes the uppermost, the said pipe becomes the inlet for steam
and the pipe K the exit for water.
I would here remark that I do not intend to confine myself to the 2
use of the bevil gearing F and G, as other gearing which will admit
of the drying cylinder swiveling on the centre B may be employed,
but I consider the said bevil gearing to be most suitable. Also the
method of raising and lowering the delivery end of the cylinder may be
varied.
Having now fully ascertained the nature of my said Invention, I
would in conclusion have it to be understood that I claim,—
3
First. Mounting the cylinders of drying machines of the description
herein referred to, in manner and for the purposes substantially as
described, indicated, and illustrated herein and by the accompanying 3
Drawings.

page_text: Secondly. The method of and appliances for admitting steam to and
withdrawing water from the jackets of the revolving cylinders of drying
machines employed as herein aforesaid.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Jackson, have hercunto set
hand and seal, this Twenty-fifth day of March, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
my