Improvements in the Manufacture of Certain Kinds of Nails.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 21st July, 1896
Complete Specification Left, 17th Apr.. 1897-Accepted, 12th June, 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Certain Kinds of Nails.
J, EPHRAIM PHILLIPS, of 54, Bissell Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Screw Manufacturer, do herchy declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has reference to those nails in which a plain or ornamental
washer or blank is fixed to the nail head and shank so as to form a portion of such
head, such nails for instance as those which are used for fixing corrugated
galvanized metal sheets and which are used in boat building and by upholsterers.
Heretofore in making the said nails for fixing corrugated galvanized metal
sheets, a thin metal washer has been threaded on to the shank of the uail up to the
head and there soldered so that the washer will then form part of the nail and be
in fact an enlargement of the head so that when these nails are in use and are
driven through the metal sheets the washer will fit against and accommodate itself
to the shape of the corrugated metal sheet and properly cover the hole so as to
prevent rain leaking through the hole. Soldering the said washers on to the
heads of the nails renders these nails comparatively expensive, and the washers
are moreover liable to come loose which defects are entirely overcome by my
invention.
In carrying out this invention I make the nails (which are usually wire nails)
with a shoulder or enlargement underneath the head. The thin sheet metal
washer is made with a hole of a size to fit on to this enlargement and against the
underside of the nail head. After the washer has been threaded on to the large
part of the shank of the nail and against the head as aforesaid, the said enlarged
part of the nail is spread outwardly over the washer thereby securely fixing the
washer in position under the nail head. The combined nail and washer in this form
are galvanzied if required in the usual way. The spreading out of the shoulder
can readily be performed by means of a pair of press tools the bottom tool having
a hole of the size to admit the shank and bear against the shoulder and so
arranged that when the top tool descends on the nail head the bottom tool presses
and spreads out the shoulder all round on to the washer, thereby securing the
latter underneath the head of the nail as aforesaid.
I make the nails for boat building similarly as above described to take the place
of ordinary nails and roves as heretofore ordinarily employed. In this case the
edges of the washer are made like the edges of a rove so as to be pressed into the
wood when the nail is driven in.
I also make upholsterers' nails in the manner above described, the washer or
ornamental sheet metal blank being fixed to the nail shank as above described
instead of being soldered on to the shank as is usually done in this kind of nails.
Dated this 20th day of July 1896
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Certain Kinds of Nails.
1, EPHRAIM PHILLIPS, of 54, Bissell Street, in the City of Birmingham,
Screw Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
mauner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement. :-
This invention has reference to those nails in which a plain or ornamental
washer or blank is fixed to the nail head and shank so as to form a portion of such
head, such nails for instance as those which are for fixing corrugated galvanized
metal sheets and which are used on boat building and by upholsterers.
Heretofore in making the said nails for fixing corrugated galvanized metal
sheets, a thin metal washer has been threaded on to the shank of the nail up to the
head and there soldered so that the washer will then form part of the nail and be in
fact an enlargement of the head so that when these nails are in use and are driven
through the metal sheets the washer will fit against and accommodate itself to the
shape of the corrugated metal sheet and properly cover the hole so as to prevent
rain leaking through the hole. Soldering the said washers on to the heads of the
nails renders these nails comparatively expensive, and the washers are moreover
liable to come loose which defects are entirely overcome by my invention.
I will describe my invention by referring to the accompanying drawing on
which
Fig. 1 is a part sectional elevation of one of the said nails constructed according
to my invention;
Fig. 2 shews the nail before the washer is fixed thereto;
Fig. 3 is a plan and side elevation of the said washer separately;
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation and Fig. 5 is a plan of the bottom tool which with
the top tool shewn by Fig. 6 I use for fixing the washer on to the nail as herein-
after described;
Figs. 4 and 5 also shew the nail and washer in position ready to be acted on by
the top tool;
Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation shewing the nail in position with the washer
secured thereto.
The saine letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures of the
drawing.
In carrying out this invention I make the nails A (which are usually wire nails)
with a shoulder or enlargement a' underneath the head u². The thin sheet metal
washer B is made with a hole 6 of a size to fit on to this enlargement and
against the underside of the nail head a². After the washer B has been threaded
on to the large part a' of the shank of the nail A and against the head a² as
aforesaid, the said enlarged part al of the nail is spread outwardly at a³ (see Fig. 1)
over the washer B thereby securely fixing the washer B in position under the nail
head a². The combined nail and washer in this form shewn by Fig. I are
galvanized if required in the usual way.
The spreading out of the shoulder a' can readily be performed by means of a
pair of press tools such as shewn by Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7 where the bottom tool C1 C2
(made in halves to facilitate the removal of the finished nail) has a hole c' of the
size to admit the nail shank A and bear against the shoulder a' and arranged in a
press or like machine so that when the top tool D (which is recessed at d to corre-
spond with the head a³) descends on the nail head a² so as to drive the uail farther
down into the bottom tool, the latter presses and spreads out the shoulder a¹ all
round on to the washer B as shewn in Figs. 1 and 7 thereby securing the washer B
underneath the head a² of the nail as aforesaid.

page_text: The two halves C C of the bottom tool are mounted in a bed E in which the
half tool can slide and this is closed up against the other half tool C by means.
of the cam lever F which turns with the fulcrum pin G with which is formed the
cain H which has a flat h¹ at one part so that when the lever F is turned into the
position indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 5 the other part will allow of the two.
halves C' C of the bottom tool to open for the removal of the finished nail and the
insertion of another nail and then when the lever handle F is turned to the position
shewn by the full lines in Fig. 5, so that the full part 2 of the cam bears against.
the half tool C, the two half tools CC are firmly secured together as is required.
while the nail A is being driven down into them to upset the shoulder a¹ to secure
the washer B as above described.
I make the nails for boat building similarly as above described to take the
place of ordinary nails and roves as heretofore ordinarily employed. In this.
case the edge of the washer 13 is as will readily be understood made like the
edges of a rove so as to be pressed into the wood when the nail is driven in.
I also make upholsterers' nails in the manner above described, the washer B.
or ornamental sheet metal blank being fixed to the nail shank as above described
instead of being soldered on to the shank as is usually done in this kind of nails.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In nails of the kind herein referred to, securing the washer or sheet metal
blank immediately under the nail head by threading the washer or blank on to
a shoulder of the shank under the head and then upsetting and spreading the
said shoulder against the underside of the washer or blank substantially as herein-
before set forth.
2. A nail consisting of a headed shank and a washer or blank scured
immediately under the nail head by fitting on a shoulder of the shank which.
shoulder is upset under the washer or blank so as to grip the same against the nail
head substantially as herein before set forth.
Dated this 15th day of April 1897.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.