Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 5th Mar., 1895-Accepted, 2nd Nov., 1895
A communication by CARI. FRIEDERIOI, of Lübeck, in the Empire of Germany,
Mill Owner.
I WILLIAM PHILLIPS THOMPSON F.C.S., M.I.M.E.. of The Agency for
Foreign Patent. Solicitors, 6 Lord Street, Liverpoul. and 6, Bank Street,
Manchester both in the County of Lancaster, 118 New Street, Birmingham in the
County of Warwick and 31 High Holborn in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention has for its object improvements in windmills having horizontally.
revolving vanes or sails. Such horizontally revolving windmills possess the
advantage over vertical ones of being more easily constructed and less dangerous in
the event of storms arising.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a vertical section of this improved apparatus ;
Figure 2, au elevation, and
Figuro 3 a horizontal cross section of the latter.
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Figure 4 is a side elevation of the louvre shutters showing the regulation by
means of a centrifugal governor.
Figure 5 is a plan view of the same.
Figure 6 is a side elevation showing a device for regulating by hand.
Figures 7 and 8 are details of the latter.
Figure 9 is a horizontal cross section of the apparatus showing the arrangement
of the sliding shutters.
The driving mechanism consists of six vanes or sails a mounted on a vertical
shaft and travelling in a revoluble house or casing placed on a frame or under
building, which house or casing allows the wind to enter by an opening c and to
pass out by an opening d. The inlet opening o may be turned to face the wind by
means of the usual mechanism, wind vanes or fans, and may be increased or
diminished in size by means of a flap or slide e travelling on rollers and moved
to and fro by an endless handchain. The regulation of the sail mechanism may be
effected in certain cases by means of louvres or Venetian shutters.
In the two forms of regulating devices shown in Figures 4,-5 and 0-8
respectively, the sail mechanism consists of six vanes a each formed of an
arm with cross bars j. Each Bail contains four divisions having each three
openinga dd, each of which openings again receives two revoluble shutters or
slats The spindles of the slats or shutters have levers gou which there
are lugs by means of which the common drawbar k connects together the various
levers of a sail, so that all the shutters of the sail in question may be operated
simultaneously.
When the regulating is done by means of a governor, the drawbar is connected
with the weighted sleevo w of the regulator by means of a rod z, an elbow lever
and a rod y.
As the goveruor balls are counterbalanced by the weighted sleeve for a given
number of revolutions, they will move upwards on such number of revolutions
being exceeded or in other words the speed of rotation of the sails becoming

page_text: excessive, and push the sleeve upwards, thus opening the shutters by means of the
lever mechanism. If the speed of the sails be too small, the opposite action takes
place, and the shutters are thereby closed.
For the regulation by hand a spindle c' (Figure 6) is arranged above each arm
and parallel to the same. On this spindle ', three levers are arranged, two of
which are connected with the drawbar m' by means of a link m and a common
pin m, whilst the third lever of each vane is connected with the cross piece n
by means of forked rods i which may be exactly adjusted by means of screw
outs o.
The cross piece is attached to a vertical drawbar p (Figure 8) which rests with
its foot q in a step of the vertical driving shaft b. The upper end of the drawbar p
is connected by means of a coupling with one arm of a pivoted elbow lever i,
whilst the other arms of said lever is pivotally connected with a drawbar u, 50
that by means of this arrangement and the various bell crank transfer
devices A, B, C, the adjustment of the shutters may be effected from the inside of
the mill.
The opening and closing of the wind inlet opening c and also of the outlet d'is
effected by hand in each case by means of a sliding shutter (Figure 9). These
sliding shutters are held at the top edge in a groove and are movable on their
bottom edge on rails by means of rollers. A chain is also attached to these
shutters and runs at one side over pulloys, and together with the other end of the
chain passes over another pulley arranged on the exterior of the mill and bangs
down to the ground.
The power of adjusting the size of the inlet opening is utilised to shut off the
excess of wind in the case of a strong wind blowing; the louvre or Venotian
shutters again serve to regulate the supply to the vanes or sails in the case of wind
blowing in puffs, in order that the mill may work evenly. The latter regulation
cannot be effected by regulating the inlet opening.
The power produced by the motor may be utilised for various purposes, for
instance, for millstones, saws, lathes or the like.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I dlaim is :-
--
The improvements in windmills, having horizontally revolving vanes or sails,
consisting in regulating the speed of rotation both by means of an adjustable inlet
opening in a casing or chamber surrounding the sails or vanes as well as by means
of louvre or Venetian shutters arranged on the vanes or sails themselves, whereby
regulation may be effected, both when the wind blows high and when it blows in
puffs substantially as described.
Dated this 4th day of March 1895.