Im- PROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF AMMONIACAL LIQUOR TO OBTAIN SALTS OF AMMONIA
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Angus Croll, of Coleman Street, in
the City of London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Angus Croll
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 29th March 1871.
I, ALEXANDER ANGUS CROLL, of Coleman Street, in the City of
London, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for “Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF AMMONIACAL LIQUOR TO OBTAIN SALTS OF
AMMONIA," to be as follows:-
In carrying my improvements into effect I cause atmospheric air to
pass into the ammoniacal liquor which is heated to the boiling point by
any ordinary process and in quantity sufficient to reduce the temperature
fifteen (15) degrees or thereabouts below the point at which the liquor
would be vapourized, and so as to generate a gas or vapour which by
being received into sulphuric acid will produce sulphate of ammonia, or
which may by being passed through or in combination with other acids,
such as muriatic or nitric acid, and in the ordinary and well known
relative quantities will produce corresponding salts of ammonia.

page_text: In the evaporation of solutions of sulphate of ammonia advantage
will be obtained in passing into such solutions a stream of atmospheric
air in a similar manner.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alexander Angus Croll in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 29th September 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
ANGUS CROLL, of Coleman Strect, in the City of London, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the
thirty-fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Alexander Angus Croll, Her special
licence that I, the said Alexander Angus Croll, my executors, admi-
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alexander Angus
Croll, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TREATMENT OF AMMONIACAL LIQUOR TO OBTAIN
SALTS OF AMMONIA," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Alexander Angus Croll, my executors or administrators, by an instru-
ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Angus Croll, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement thereof, that is to say: -
In carrying my Invention into effect I cause atmospheric air to pass
into the ammoniacal liquor or into a closed vessel-containing such liquor.

page_text: or in contact with vapour of such liquor heated to or evolved at the
boiling point by any ordinary process. The quantity of the atmospheric
air employed being sufficient to reduce the temperature of the vapour
evolved fifteen (15°) degrees or thereabouts below the point of vapori-
zation of the ammoniacal liquor, and such vapor when received into
sulphuric acid will produce sulphate of ammonia, or by being passed
through or in combination with other acids, such as muriatic or nitric
acid, in the ordinary and well known relative quantities will, as is well
understood, produce corresponding salts of ammonia.
I would here state that I prefer to employ two or more saturating
vessels or vessels containing the acid to act upon the vapour obtained by
the combination of the atmospheric air with that from the ammoniacal
liquor, so that such combined vapor may be caused to pass through
and act on the acid in each in succession. And I draw off from the
first of the series when, as is well understood by persons engaged in
such processes, the liquor therein is found to be in a neutral state and
of the strength desired.
When the contents of the first of the series of these saturating vessels
has been drawn off that of the second may be allowed to flow into the
first, and so on.
The liquor thus obtained is then run into settling vessels where on
further evaporation are yielded crystals of the salt.
Having thus described my Invention and means which I adopt in
carrying the same into effect, I would have it understood that what I
claim is, the treatment of ammoniacal liquor by passing atmospheric air
therethrough or so as to mix with the vapour thereof so as to obtain an
acriform vapour adapted when brought into contact with sulphuric or
other acid to produce a sulphate or other salt of ammonia corresponding
with the acid employed, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Angus Croll, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of
September, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-one.