Improvements in Boring-apparatus for Deep-borings.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 30th Mar., 1897-Accepted, 1st May, 1837
Improvements in Boring-apparatus for Deep-borings.
I, ANTON RAKY, of Rupprechtsau near Strassbourg in Alsace, in the German
Empire, Manager do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention refers to boring-apparatus of the kind in which an oscillating
beam that at one of its ends is acted on by the driving power holds at the other end
the rods by aid of a device for lowering said rods according to the progress of the
boring. In general, the oscillating beam, or, more precisely, the axle of the same
is supported by springs or by any other elastic or yielding means. My improvements.
in boring-apparatus of said kind relate, first, to making the said axle adjustable in
vertical direction, and the purpose of this arrangement is, first, to allow of making
up for any irregularities in the working of the lowering device afore mentionel,
and second, adjusting the rods or the auger and chisel with regard to the bottom of
the bore-hole in a more precise way than can be attained solely by the lowering
device mentioned.
In the practical employment of the lowering device it is not a rare occurrence
that the rods sink down for a longer way than has been intended by the operator.
In such a case the proper working of the apparatus is disturbed, and it is very
difficult to restore the apparatus to its proper working condition. This may,
however, be easily brought about by aid of my novel arrangement, which allows of
adjusting the axle of the oscillating beam in a vertical direction, or of lowering as
well as raising the rods independent of the lowering device proper respective.
My second improvement in boring apparatus of the kind in question relates to
regulating the tension of the springs (or other elastic or yielding means that.
support the beam, or the axle of the same respectively) according to the weight of
the rods. To make the reasons that lead to this arrangement perfectly intelligible
I must refer to some facts as are stated in the next two paragraphs.
The power of the engine or motor used for the boring plant has up to now
been transmitted to the oscillating beam not directly, i.e. not directly from the
piston-rod of the cylinder of the engine or motor, but a pulley, rope-disc or chain-
wheel driven by the engine or motor was connected to another pulley, rope-disc, or
chain-wheel, by a belt, rope, or chain, and a crank connected to the said beam by
means of a connecting-rod was rotated by the shaft of said second pulley etc., so as
thereby to produce the oscillations of the beam.
The driving mechanisin just mentioned was combined with a slackeuing mechanism
for the belt etc.; this mechanism caused the oscillating beam to be disconnected
from said belt on the rods commencing their downward way, and there resulted
thus a free fall of the rods, as well as of the monkey and the chisel.
In consequence of said disconnection being best attainable if the beam is
operated by the mediation of a belt (or rope or chain), and in consequence of the
free fall of the monkey and the chisel having up to now been considered as very
essential for the effect of the apparatus, there has but seldom been made a trial of
dispensing with the slackening-device (although this latter gives easily rise to
troubles), and of operating the oscillating beam in another, or more direct,
manner.

page_text: It had not been perceived up to the present that the elastic support of the
oscillating beam may very well be employed for the objects in question, i.e. for
doing away with the slackening-device, and for driving the oscillating beam on a
more direct way instead of letting it be driven by the mediation of a belt etc. as
required by said device. To employ said elastic support for said objects the
strength of the springs forming the said support should be kept in a certain
proportion to the weight of the rods (of course, in any case together with the
monkey and chisel; when speaking of "rods" in the further course of this
specification, I mean by that term the monkey and the chisel, too), preferably in
such a measure that the strength of said springs corresponds to double the weight
of the rods.
It is to be borne in mind that the weight of the rods increases corresponding
to the increase in depth of the bore-hole. If, therefore, the proportion mentioned
shall be maintained, the arrangement must be such that the strength of the
springs can be increased according to the increase in the weight of the rods.
In other words, one must be able to regulate the tension of the springs (or
other elastic or yielding means that support the beam, or the axle of the same
respectively,) according to the weight of the rods.
As to the other elastic or yielding means just mentioned in the parenthesis
I wish it to be understood that the springs spoken of up to now may well be
replaced by an equivalent means, for instance by air. There is no difficulty.
whatever in supporting the beam, or the axle of the same respectively, by two or
more air-cylinders, i.e. by the pistons or piston-rods of the same. To make up for the
increase in weight of the boring-rods the tension or compression of the air need
simply be correspondingly increased by further compressing it. It will be clear to
any export that such a bigher compression may be produced by very simple meaus.
My invention does not reside in supporting the beam elastically, but in making the
elastic supporting means regulable according to the weight of the rods as afore
described.
By making use of such an arrangement I am not any more compelled to operate
the bean by aid of a crank and connecting rod, but I may operate it directly from
the piston-rod of the engine or motor used for the respective plant. In the whole,
by employing my novel arrangement I make the apparatus entirely independent of
any distinct driving device; it is, however, a matter of course, that the driving
device chosen must be made suitable to the special requirements of a boring
apparatus for deep-borings.
In order to make my invention more clear, I refer to the accompanying drawing,
in which :
Figure 1, is a side-view of my improved boring-apparatus, partly in section,
Figure 2, is a front view of the same, also partly in section, and
Figure 3, is a plan of the cross-beam i (Figures 1 & 2).
0
The oscillating beam a is in its middle-portion encompassed by the two side-
plates al a 2, the upper cross-bolt a 3 (forming the axle of the beam) and the lowor
cross-bolt a 4. The projecting ends of the upper cross-bolt or axle a 3 take through
eyes of two vertical rods o c', that pass through the lower cross beam i und through
the upper cross-beum i'. The cross-beam i carries the springs i 2; the cross-beami¹
is carried by said springs. The upper ends of the rods cc' are formed into, or
provided with, screw-threaded spindles o2 c3 which in their turn are provided with,
and held by, worm-wheels c4 c5. The latter may be rotated at a time by means
of a worm c6 arranged between them. One of said spindles c2 03 is provided'
with a right-handed thread, the other with a left-handed thread, and the beam
is thus raised or lowered when the worm c6 is turned in one or the other
direction.
The onds of the axle a 3 projecting over the eyes of the rods c care furnished
with guide-blocks reciprocating vertically in guides a 5 a 6.
;
As shown in Figures 2 & 3 each of the springs 12 is located between, a few
short pins or projections i3, in such a manner, that may be removed from its

page_text: place, or inserted between the two cross-beams, or exchanged respectively. I havo
shown the cross-beam i completely covered with springs, but this is the case only
when the greatest depth of the bore-hole or the greatest weight of the rods has
been nearly reached. Prior thereto there are less springs upon the beam i, or
between the beams ii respectively. ' are horizontal beams supporting the cross-
beam i, and are vertical beams supporting the front ends of the horizontal beams n¹
and having the guide-pieces a 5 a 6 secured to them.
When a rod is added to the rods, in other words, when the weight of the rods is."
increased by that of a rod, then two or more springs (according to the proportion
of the strength of a spring to the weight of a rod) are added to those already
being between the beans ii', so as to make up for sail increase in weight.
When springs are to be inserted between the beans ii, or between the pins.i3
respectively, they may either be compressed by any suitable means in a measure
corresponding to the height of said pins, and may then be put in their compressed
state between said beans, or the upper cross-beam may be raised for a way also
corresponding to the height of the said pins. Raising said beam may be effected
by any desired means, for instance by screw-spindles o o' taking through the lower
cross-bean, and having displaceable handles o2 by which they may be turned.
The manner of operation of said spindles will certainly be clear without a special..
description, wherefore I abstain therefrom; but I wish it to be understood that I
do not confiue myself to raising the beam only by means of the said spindle,.
because the latter may well be replaced by any other suitable device.
The manner of operation of the whole apparatus is as follows:
Supposed power be applied to the point r, Figure 1, of the beam, and said point.
be reciprocated vertically for the way indicated by the short vertical lino rr2,
then the head of the beam, or the rods s respectively, pass through the way r3 r4.
The beam oscillates thus upon the axle a 3, but this latter remains stationary, i.e. is
not lowered, in consequence of the strength of the springs 2 corresponding to
about double the weight of the rods s. If, however, the speed of the engine or
motor is increased, and if, therefore, the number of oscillations of the beam a iz
correspondingly increased (preferably up to 60 oscillations per minute) thou.
the vis riva of the descending rods will become so great as to overcome the strength
of the springs i2; the vis viva of the rod is transmitted to the springs by the
beam a, the axle a 3, the rods c c with their threads c2 c 3, the worm-wheels. c4 05.
and the cross-beam.i. In consequence of said increase of the vis vira of the rods
the springs are compressed at every descent of the rods, and the axle a 3 is thus.
lowered for a corresponding way; this results in the way of the head of the beam:
getting elongated down to r5; in other words, the poiut r3 does not any more get.
down to the point r4 ouly but to the point + 5.
As long as the rods move through a way corresponding to the line r3 r4, the:
chisel does not touch the bottom of the bore-hole, or does not strike upon the
bottom respectively; but this occurs as soon as the speed of the apparatus is.
increased in the measure afore described. Thus, in spite of the apparatus having.
no means for causing a free fall of the rods, the chisel can strike powerfully upon.
the bottom of the boring-hole.
In the moment following that in which the chisel performs its work, the springs
are relieved from the vis viva of the rods, and they are thus enabled to draw the
rods's upwards for a way corresponding to the line r5 r4. The rods are then
further lifted by the engine or motor in the normal manner.
By suspending the oscillating beam in such a manner that it can be raised or
lowered independent of the tension of the springs i2 one is enabled to regulate the
force of the stroke of the monkey and chisel just as desired; and, in fact, I may
do so entirely independent of the special means for lowering the rods according to
of the boring. One form of construction of such a neaus is shown in
the Pofthand part of Figure 1, but as this means does not form a part of my
invention, I dispense with describing the same.
the
I wish it to be understood that I do not restrict myself to arranging the oscillating.

page_text: beam below the springs and to suspend said beam exactly in the manner shown.
The idea of invention resides in making the axle of the beam in question not any
more stationary but vertically adjustable, and it will be clear, to every expert that
the means for effecting this adjustment may vary in a wide measure.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a boring-apparatus for deep-borings, baving an oscillating beam, the
combination with the latter and its axle, of means for raising or lowering this axle,
for the purpose as described.
2. In a boring-apparatus for deep-borings, having an oscillating beam, the
combination with the latter, its axle, and the bearings or supports of this axle, of
means for raising or lowering said bearings or supports, for the purpose as
described.
°
3. In a boring-apparatus for deep-borings, having an oscillating beam, the
combination with the latter and its axle, of rods holding the latter or its bearings
or supports, and means for moving said rods so as thereby to raise or lower the said
axle, for the purpose as described.
4. In a boring-apparatus for deep-borings, having an oscillating beam, the
combination with the latter and its axle, of vertical rods holding the latter or its
bearings or supports, and means for moving said rods in their longitudinal direction,
for the purpose as described.
5. In a boring-apparatus for deep-borings, having an oscillating beam, the
combination with the latter and its axle, of vertical rods holding the latter or its
bearings or supports, and means for moving said rods in their lougitudinal direction,
the other ends of said rods being screw-threaded and having worm-wheels upon
these ends, and being combined with worm for rotating said wheels, for the
purpose as described.
6. In a boring-apparatus for deep-borings baving an oscillating beam, and au
elastic support for said beam, the combination with the latter, and its axle, of
means for raising or lowering this axle independent of the tension or strength of
the elastic means of said support, for the purpose as described.
7. In a boring-apparatus for deep-borings, having an oscillating beam and an
elastic support for said beam, the combination with the latter and its support, of
means for increasing the tension or strength of the elastic means of said support
according to the increase in weight of the rods on the latter being elongated
according to the increase in depth of the bore-hole,, for the purpose as described.
8. A boring-apparatus for deep-borings having an oscillating beam supported by
a number of loose springs adapted to be put between, or removed from, the two
frame-beams holding, and being held by, said springs; the tension or strength of
the combined springs being regulable according to the weight of the rods by
correspondingly determining the number of the said springs, for the purpose as
described.
DL:
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1 1847