IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WARPING AND MAKING LEASHES IN WARPS FOR TAPE SIZING MACHINES
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Wyld and John Kershaw, of Burnley, in
the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WARPING AND MAKING LEASHES IN WARPS
FOR TAPE SIZING MACHINES."
Sealed the 13th July 1866, and dated the 17th January 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Wyld and John
Kershaw at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 17th January 1866.
We, JOHN WYLD and JOHN KERSHAW, of Burnley, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for ❝ Im-
PROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WARPING AND MAKING LEASHES IN
WARPS FOR TAPE SIZING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
The first part of our improvements is in the creels for holding the
warping bobbins, and consists in placing them in an upright position,
with the ends thereof towards the place where the threads of the bobbins
meet together.

page_text: Our next improvement is in the manner of placing the bobbins in the
creels. We use no bobbin skewers; each bobbin stands upright, and there
is a pivot to hold the top of the bobbin, and another pivot to hold the bottom,
and the bobbin can be put in its place and will run in its place without a
skewer through it.
Our next improvement is in the hecks. The hecks with the creels and
bobbins are placed in an upright or perpendicular position, and the threads
are laid in the hecks without passing through the metallic loops called
eyes. One half of the threads, or every alternate thread, remains
stationary, and the other half, also consisting of every alternate thread
will slide by means of rods on either side of the stationary threads. The
sliding of the rods to the right hand or to the left gives the openings for
the leashes.
Our next improvement is in the variety of combinations which can be
made with the aforesaid creels and hecks. They can be multiplied so as
to hold any number of bobbins or threads which may be required, and
consequently the whole of a weaver's warp can be warped at once without
a warping mill. The warps can be balled as the threads come from the
bobbins, the warps being then ready for the sizer, or they can be wound
upon a beam and then balled off the beam. The creels with the hecks can
also be arranged in almost any form, in lines, in a circle, in a triangle, or
in a square.
Our next improvement is in warping or beaming for tape sizing machines.
We put all the threads for a weaver's warp on one back beam, and also
put leashes in them during the process of filling the beams, so that the
leashes come off the back beams and pass through the sizing ready for
weavers' beams, We open the warp when beaming by means of a raddle
which has a hinge er joint in the middle, by which contrivance the raddle
can be expanded or contracted as desired; or we can use a straight expan-
sion raddle; we also mark the length of the warp as it goes on to the
beam.
By these arrangements there is no waste at the ends of the back beams,
and we can alter the length of the warp and also the number of threads in
the warp at any time during the filling of the beams.
Great advantage would accrue from our creels and hecks being applied
to warping mills and beaming frames already in use. The following are
the advantages derived :--The bobbins can be sooner put in the creel,

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Wyld and John Kershaw in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 17th July 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JOHN
WYLD and JonN KERSHAW, of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of January, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the twenty-ninth
year of Her reign did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said John Wyld and John Kershaw, Her special license
that we, the said John Wyld and John Kershaw, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said John Wyld and John
Kershaw, our executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR WARPING AND MAKING LEASHES IN
WARPS FOR TAPE SIZING MACHINES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that we, the said John Wyld and John Kershaw, our executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under our, or their, or one of our
or their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said John Wyld and John Kershaw, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained, in
and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the Figures
on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, and to the letters of reference
marked thereon (that is to say):-

page_text: The first part of our improvements is in the creels for holding the warp-
ing bobbins, and consists in placing them in an upright position with the
ends thereof towards the place where the threads of the bobbins meet
together.
Our next improvement is in the manner of placing the bobbins in the
creels. We do not use bobbin skewers, each bobbin stands upright, and
there is a pivot to hold the top of the bobbin, and another pivot to hold
the bottom, and the bobbin can be put in its place and run in its place
without a skewer through it.
Our next improvement is in the hecks. The hecks with the creel and
bobbins are in an upright or perpendicular position, and the threads are
faid in the hecks without passing through the ordinary round loops called
eyes. One half of the threads, or every alternate thread, remains stationary,
and the other half, also consisting of every alternate thread, will slide by
means of rods on either side of the stationary threads. The sliding of the
rods to the right hand or to the left gives the openings for the leashes.
Our next improvement is in the variety of combinations which can be
made with the aforesaid creels and hecks. They can be multiplied so as
to hold any number of bobbins or threads which may be required, and con-
sequently the whole of a weaver's warp can be warped at once without a
warping mill. The warps can be balled as the threads come from the
bobbins, the warp being then ready for the sizer, or they can be wound
upon a beam and then balled off the beam. The creels with the hecks
can also be arranged in almost any form, in lines, in a circle, in a triangle,
or in a square.
Our next improvement is in the warping or beaming for tape sizing
machines. We put all the threads for a weavers' warp on one back beam,
and also put leashes in them during the process of filling the beams, so
that the leashes come off the back beams and pass through the sizing ready
for weavers' beams. We open the warp when beaming by means of a
straight expansion raddle, which can be expanded or contracted as desired.
We also mark the length of the warp as it goes on to the beam. By these
arrangements there is no waste at the ends of the back beams, and we can
alter the length of the warp and also the number of threads in the warp
at any time during the filling of the beams.
Our improved arrangement of creel for holding warping bobbins vertically
is shewn in Figs. 1 and 2, and the bobbin a can be placed on either or
both sides of the creel. Two bobbins, with a part of the creel, are shewn

page_text: enlarged in Fig. 3, in which the pivots on which the bobbins run are
marked b, c; some of the hecks or guides for the threads are shewn at d,
Figs. 2, 4, and 9, they are placed at one end of the creel and the threads
are brought from the bobbins and laid in the hecks and meet in a centre
e, Figs 4 and 5, in front of the hecks. For making the openings for the
leashes we place behind each set of hecks a rod f, Figs. I and 4. These
rods extend from the bottom to the top of the creel, and are connected to
slides so that they can be moved to and fro. The threads pass from the
bobbins to the rods fand hecks d to the centre e, and when the openings
for the leashes are to be made the rods are moved one way so as to cross the
threads, as shewn in Fig. 4. The threads after meeting in the centre pass over
guide rollers and then over rollers g and h, Fig. 5, to the raddle i, which
opens and guides the threads, and from thence the threads pass over the
roller k to the back beam on which the warp is wound. Parts of our
improved straight expansion raddle are shewn in Figs. 6, 7, and 8; m
represents the frame with a joint at each angle, in which frame there are
pins between which are strips n of wood or other material, each having a
pin or dent o standing upright; these strips are laid between the pins in
the frame, as shewn in Fig. 7, and the frame and strips are enclosed in the
covering, and the dents in the strips will slide in a slot in the covering as
the frame expands or contracts. This improved raddle can be expanded
or contracted by a nut and screw p at each end, each screw having a
handle fixed to it. Great advantage would accrue from our creels and
hecks being applied to warping mills and beaming frames already in use.
The bobbins can be sooner put in the creel, there is a greater convenience
in getting to the threads, and the threads are easier to put in the
hecks.
Having now described the nature and particulars of our said Invention,
and the manner in which the same is to be performed, we desire it to be
understood that we claim,--
First, the form of the creel for warping purposes.
Secondly, the system of placing the bobbin in the creel on studs or
pivots.
Thirdly, the heck or guides for the threads.
Fourthly, the mode of putting in the leashes and making leashes in
warps for tape sizing machines.
Fifthly, warping a weaver's warp at once.
And, sixthly, our straight expansion raddle; as all such improvements

page_text: are herein described and illustrated in the accompanying Sheet of
Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Kershaw, for and on behalf of
myself and the said John Wyld, have hereunto set my hand and
seal, this Thirteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord One 5
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named John Kershaw, in the
presence of
E. J. HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
JOHN KERSHAW. (L.S.)