Improvements in the Manufacture or Treatment of Paper.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 17th May, 1897
Complete Specification Left, 16th Feb., 1898-Accepted, 23rd Apr., 1898
Improvements in the Manufacture or Treatment of Paper.
I, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS HALL, of Bellows Falls, Vermont, U.S.A., do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:
This invention relates to what is known as "facing" paper with clay or the like.
At present this is done by spreading clay mixed with a solution of glue upon
the surface of the paper and allowing it to dry. Such a facing is soluble and to
render it waterproof it has in some cases been further treated with a solution of
alum or bi-chromate of potass. This however requires the paper to be put through
two distinct processes which is somewhat costly.
It is also known that glue is rendered insoluble by formic aldehyde but if formic
aldehyde be added to a solution of glue in sufficient quantity to render the glue
insoluble the glue is at once precipitated and cannot be used as an adhesive agent.
I have discovered however that the materials commonly used for facing paper
such as clay, satin white and blanc-fixe if added to the solution of glue before the
formic aldehyde greatly delay the action of the latter so much so that the mixture
when spread upon paper adheres to it perfectly and will not wash off.
Improvements in the manufacture or freatment of raper.
I, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS HALL, of Bellows Falls, Vermont, U.S.A., do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This invention relates to what is known as "facing" paper with clay or the like.
At present this is done by spreading clay mixed with a solution of glue upon
the surface of the paper and allowing it to dry. Such a facing is soluble and to
render it waterproof it has in some cases been further treated with a solution of
alum or bi-chromate of potass. This however requires the paper to be put through
two distinct processes which is somewhat costly.
It is also known that glue is rendered insoluble by formic aldehyde but if formic
aldehyde be added to a solution of glue in sufficient quantity to render the glue
insoluble the glue is at once precipitated and cannot be used as an adhesive agent.
I have discovered however that the materials commonly used for facing paper
such as clay, satin white and blanc-fixe if added to the solution of glue before the
Price Ril

page_text: formic aldehyde greatly delay the action of the latter so much so that the mixture
when spread upon paper adheres to it perfectly and will not wash off.
The glue may be replaced by albumen casein or the like.
The following are suitable proportions:-
About 85% clay or similar base, 13 % albumen, glue or casein, and 2%
formaldehyde (40% sol.) The glue or casein is first dissolved, then mixed with
the clay or other base (which has previously been mixed with water), after this
mixture is made, the formaldehyde should be added, and then the mixture is ready
to spread.
Of course these proportions can be greatly varied.
If used in printing calicos other retardants besides clay such as zinc oxide or
barytes might be used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is: :-
1. A mixture for facing consisting of an adhesive material, formic aldehyde
and an agent whereby the action of the formic aldehyde on the adhesive material
is delayed.
2. A mixture for facing consisting of glue, formic aldehyde and clay, satin
white, blanc-fixe or the like.
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