IMPROVEMENTS IN PIRN, BOBBIN,
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Suggitt, Thomas Court, and Richard
Court, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Machinists, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIRN, BOBBIN,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Suggitt,
Thomas Court, and Richard Court at the Office of the Commis-
sioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the 9th May 1871.
We, RICHARD SUGGITT, THOMAS COURT, and RICHARD COURT, of the
City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinists, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIRN,
BOBBIN, AND COP WINDING MACHINES, AND OTHER APPARATUS CONNECTED THERE-
WITH," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to pirn, bobbin, and cop winding machines, and
consists, firstly, in the employment of two faced plates, one of which is

page_text: fixed upon the driving shaft and the other upon the ordinary roller or
drum shaft. Working in conjunction with these double-faced plates
we employ two pulleys with double flanges; one flange of each pulley
presses against the sides of the faced plate upon the driving shaft, and
the other flange of said pulleys presses against the sides of the faced
plate upon the roller or drum shaft. As the driving shaft rotates upon
its axis motion is imparted to the pulleys by contact with the faced
plate upon the driving shaft. The other flanges of said pulleys being
in contact with the sides of the faced plate upon the roller or drum shaft
motion is imparted thereto. By means of an ordinary cam motion the
pulleys are made to traverse up and down from near the centre of the
faced plates to their outer edge, and thus an irregular motion or speed
is given to the roller or drum, which regulates the speed of the spindles
driven therefrom. By this means the yarn is wound with an equal degree
of tension upon a larger or smaller diameter of the pirns, bobbins, or
cops.
Secondly. In the employment of yarn clearers working in metal slides.
Our first modification of yarn clearers is made by cutting a-wedge-
shaped recess in a piece of metal into which recess is filled an adjustable
wedge which is made to fit the sides of the recess accurately. The
wedge is made adjustable by means of bolts or screws. When the
wedge is withdrawn from the recess an opening is formed on each side
thereof, into which the yarn is placed for the purpose of being cleared;
this opening between the wedge and its recess is regulated according to
the particular counts or quality of the yarn to be cleared. In order to
prevent the yarn being lifted out of the openings made for its clearance
we employ a bell crank lever or tumbler (herein-after called a lever),
which is fixed upon a pin behind cach opening of the clearers, and is at
liberty to move in one direction only. When the yarn is placed in the
openings for clearance it depresses the short arm of the lever in passing,
the lever then comes to its former position by its own weight or gravity.
On attempting to lift the yarn out of the clearer it comes in contact
with the under side of the short. arm of the lever, and this movement
brings the lever in contact with a stop which prevents further movement
of the lever in that direction.
A second modification of our improved yarn clearer is made by fitting
two pieces of metal upon a transverse or horizontal slide and secured

page_text: thereto by screws, the approaching edges of the two pieces of metal
which form the clearers being made at right angles to the slide upon
which they are fixed. In order to prevent the yarn being lifted out of the
clearers we cut a fine angular slot or groove in each edge of the clearers
a little above the point where the yarn is required to traverse. Any
attempt to lift the yarn out of the clearer will bring it into the fine
angular groove or slot, and so cut the yarn.
.
In order to facilitate the cutting of the fine grooves or slots in the
edges of the clearers we cut away a considerable portion of the metal
from behind the edges of the clearers at the point where the angular
grooves are to be made. All the adjustable parts of the first and second
modifications of our improved yarn clearers are protected from inter-
ference or tampering after adjustment by means of a covering plate
which may be conveniently and safely locked.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Richard Suggitt, Thomas Court, and Richard
Court in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th November 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, RICHARD
SUGGITT, THOMAS COURT, and RICHARD COURT, of the City of Man-
chester, in the County of Lancaster, Machinists, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said Richard Suggitt, Thomas Court, and
Richard Court, Her special license that we, the said Richard Suggitt,
Thomas Court, and Richard Court, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as we, the said Richard Suggitt, Thomas Court,
and Richard Court, our executors, administrators, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PIRN, BOBBIN, AND COP WINDING MACHINES, AND OTHER

page_text: .APPARATUS CONNECTED THEREWITH," upon the condition (amongst others) that
we, the said Richard Suggitt, Thomas Court, and Richard Court, our
executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our
.hands and seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Richard Suggitt, Thomas Court,
and Richard Court, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, 1
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference
being had to the accompanying Drawings and to the letters and figures
marked thereon (that is to say) :-—
.
Our said Invention relates to pirn, bobbin, and cop winding machines,
and consists, firstly, in the employment of two faced plates, one of which
is fixed upon the-driving shaft and the other upon the ordinary roller
or drum shaft. Working in conjunction with these double-faced plates
we employ two pulleys with double flanges; one flange of each pulley
presses against the sides of the faced plate upon the driving shaft, and
the other flange of said pulleys presses against the sides of the faced
plate upon the roller or drum shaft. As the driving shaft rotates upon
its axis motion is imparted to the pulleys by contact with the faced
plate upon the driving shaft, the other flanges of said pulleys being in
contact with the sides of the faced plate upon the roller or drum shaft.
Motion is imparted thereto by means of an ordinary cam motion, the
pulleys are made to traverse up and down from near the centre of the
faced plates to their outer edge, and thus an irregular motion or speed
is given to the roller or drum which regulates the speed of the spindles
driven therefrom; by this means the yarn is wound with an equal
degree of tension upon a larger or smaller diameter of the pirns, bobbins,
or cops.
Secondly, in the employment of yarn clearers working in metal slides.
Our first modification of yarn clearers is made by cutting a wedge-
shaped recess in a piece of metal, into which recess is fitted an adjustable
wedge which is made to fit the.sides of the recess accurately; the wedge

page_text: is made adjustable by means of bolts or screws. When the wedge is
withdrawn from the recess an opening is formed on each side thereof
into which the yarn is placed for the purpose of being cleared; this
opening between the wedge and its recess is regulated according to
the particular counts or quality of the yarn to be cleared. In order
to prevent the yarn being lifted out of the openings made for its
clearance we employ a bell-crank lever or tumbler (herein-after called.
a lever) which is fixed upon a pin behind each opening of the clearers,
and is at liberty to move in one direction only. When the yarn is placed
in the openings for clearance it depresses the short arm of the lever
in passing, the lever then comes to its former position by its own weight
or gravity. On attempting to lift the yarn out of the clearer it comes
in contact with the under side of the short arm of the lever, and this
movement brings the lever in contact with a stop which prevents further
movement of the lever in that direction.
A second modification of our improved yarn clearer is made by
fitting two pieces of metal upon a transverse or horizontal slide and
secured thereto by screws, the approaching edges of the two pieces of
metal which form the clearers being made at right angles to the slide
upon which they are fixed. In order to prevent the yarn being lifted
out of the clearers we cut a fine angular slot or groove in each edge of
the clcarers a little above the point where the yarn is required to traverse.
Any attempt to lift the yarn out of the clearers will bring it into. the
fine angular groove or slot, and so cut the yarn.
In order to facilitate the cutting of the fine grooves or slots in the
edges of the clearers we cut away a considerable portion of the metal from
behind the edges of the clearers at the point where the angular grooves
are to be made. All the adjustable parts of the first and second modifi-
cations of our improved yarn clearers are protected from any
interference
or tampering after adjustment by means of a covering plate which may
be conveniently and safely locked.
And in order that our said Invention may be fully understood we
shall now proceed more particularly to describe the same, and for that
purpose shall refer to the several Figures on the annexed Sheet of
Drawings, the same letters of reference indicating corresponding parts
in all the corresponding Figures.

page_text: Figure 1 of our Drawings is an end elevation of a pirn winding
machine shewing our improved mechanism arranged for the purpose of
imparting a variable speed or motion to spindles or bobbins in pirn,
bobbin, or cop winding machines; Figure 2 is a front view; Figure 3, a
plan; and Figure 4, a detail plan of the same. a, a, is the main framing
of the machine, upon which is mounted and supported in suitable
bearings the driving shaft 6 provided with pulleys or other convenient
driving apparatus; to the shaft 6 is secured a circular plate or disc c,
faced on both sides. At a suitable distance from the driving shaft ba
second shaft d is mounted in suitable bearings also having secured to it
a circular plate or disc e, faced on both sides, and to this shaft d is also
attached a roller or drum f for driving the spindles. Motion being
imparted to the driving shaft 6 it is transmitted to the shaft & by means
of two double-rimmed friction pulleys g, g, which are mounted on the
frame bearings h, h, in such a manner that the two lower rims g³, g', ·³
are in contact with the two sides or faces of the disc c on the driving
shaft 6, while the two other rims g², g², arc in contact and with the two
sides or faces of the disc e; one of the frame bearings / is secured rigidly
to a sliding plate i, while the other bearing plate h¹ is hinged to a bracket
or plate which is also fixed to the slide i. The outer ends of the 2
frame bearings h, h³, are connected by an adjusting screw k and lock
nuts in such a manner that by reason of the frame bearing ¹ turning
on the hinged plate , the friction pulleys may be brought to bear
on the discs c and e with a sufficient pressure to transmit motion from
the revolving disc c to the disc e. The slide carrying the frame!
bearings h, ¹, and the friction pulleys g, g, is arranged so as to move
up and down, or to and fro, between cheeks or guides on the plate or
slide frame secured to the main framing. A motion is imparted thereto
in the following manner :-On the drum shaft d is keyed a pinion
wheel m giving motion by means of a train of wheel gearing m³ to a
shaft n upon which is keyed a cam o which acts upon a bowl or roller p
resting upon it. The bowl p is attached to a small slide q which works
in the slide i, and is at liberty to move a short distance in the same. A
projection on the upper part of the slide i carries an adjusting screw r
which bears with its lower end on the small slide q above the bowl p, 3
thus supporting the slide i according to the position of the cam o, and
at the same time allowing an adjusting movement of the friction
pulleys g, g, on the discs c and e.

page_text: The action and working of the mechanism described is as follows:
Revolving motion being given to the driving shaft b will be imparted to
the friction pulleys g, g, and transmitted to the disc e and shaft d, and
by means of the pinion m and gearing m¹ to the shaft n and cam o, which
in its revolutions causes the slide to rise and fall through a distance
(depending on the throw of the cam), thereby causing the friction
pulleys to travel up and down over the face of the discs c and e. It
will be readily understood that if the driving shaft b and disc e revolve
with a constant and regular velocity, and the friction pulleys 9, 9, are in
the position as shewn in Figures 1 and that is, the lower rims g², g³,
being in contact with the sides or faces of the disc c near its periphery,
and the upper rims g², g², being in contact with the sides or faces of
the disc e at points near its centre, the angular velocity of the shaft d
will vary from that of the driving shaft b according and in proportion
to the relative position of the rims of the friction pulleys on the sides or
faces of the discs c and c, and their distance from the centre of the
shafts and d. According to the position of the friction pulleys in
Figures 1 and 2 of the Drawings, the shaft d will make a greater number
of revolutions than the shaft b, and on the cam o in its revolution,
allowing the fall slide i and friction pulleys 9, 9, to fall to the position
marked in dotted lines, Figure 1; the speed of the shaft d will gradually
decrease until the pulleys g, g, arrive at the limit of their descent.
Thus by the mechanism described and the manner of working the same
the regular motion or speed of the driving shaft 6 may be changed to
an irregular and variable motion on the shaft d, cither for the purpose
of driving spindles, pirns, or bobbins, the nature and extent of the
variation (within certain limits) always depending on the configuration
of the cam o. In some cases and where required the cam o may be
worked from the shaft 6 running with a regular speed.
The second part of our Invention consists in the employment of yarn
clearers working in metal slides.
Figures 5 and 6 shew one modification of the said yarn clearers applied
to a bobbin frame, and Figures 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 represent enlarged
details of our first modification thereof. Figure 7 shews a block of
metal having a wedge-shaped recess cut therein, into which recess the
wedge, Figure 8, is made to fit and work on the slide e, and is adjust-
able by means of a set screw ƒ (Figures 9, 10, and 11); the distance to

page_text: which the wedge is withdrawn depends upon the quality or counts of
yarn to be cleared, as the wedge must be withdrawn so as to present
an opening d¹ on each side thereof sufficient to allow the yarn to pass,
but to stop all irregularities thercon. In order to prevent the yarn
being lifted out of the clearers we employ a bell-crank lever g, Figure 12.
When the yarn is placed in the clearers the short arm of the lever g
is depressed by the yarn in passing, but any attempt to lift the yarn
out of the lever brings it in contact with the under side of the lever,
and this motion brings the short arm of the lever g in contact with
a stop, and thereby prevents further movement in that direction.
Our second modification of yarn clearers is made by the employment
of two pieces of metal, one of which is adjustable and slides in a
groove transversely to the clearer openings, sec Figures 13, 14, 15, 16,
17, 18, 19, and 20.
Figure 13 is a front view of the block or fixed part of the clearer;
Figure 14 is a front view of the adjustable slide; Figures 15, 16, and 17,
the transverse slide clearer complete; i, i, are the blocks fixed to the
clearer rail b; k, k, the sliding parts adjusted and secured by means
of a set screw f. In order to prevent the set screws and adjustable
parts of the clearers from being tampered with by the attendants-we-
employ curved plates or shields, shewn at m, Figures 5, 6, 11, 17, 18.
These protecting plates or shields are formed in separate pieces or
lengths, one end of each of two pieces or lengths resting in fixed
sockets n, while the other two ends adjoining in mean distance between
the sockets are held and secured by a hinged clamp o and block p shown a
in Figures 6 and 18. Suitable supporting pieces 7 are fixed to the clearer.
rail, and thus the adjusting screws fare completely covered and protected
from any undue interference.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and the
manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, a
we would observe in conclusion that we do not claim any of the
mechanical parts separately, but what we consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the
herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
Firstly. The combination and arrangement of machinery for changing
a constant motion into an irregular and variable one in the manner and
for the purpose herein described and illustrated.
]

page_text: Secondly. The combination and arrangement of mechanism for clearing
arn as herein-before described and illustrated.
In witness whereof, we, the said Richard Suggitt, Thomas Court,
and Richard Court, have to this our Specification set our hands
and seals, this Seventh day of November One thousand eight
hundred and seventy-one.
RICHARD SUGGITT. (L.S.)
THOMAS COURT.
(L.S.)
RICHARD COURT.
(L.S.)