Year: 1897

page_text: We THE FIRM O. F. Asp of Blegdamsvej No. 104, Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of
Denmark, Civil Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :--
This invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of candle lamps
or lanterns suitable for use as carriage lamps, ships' lanterns, and bicycle lamps, and
it has for its main object to keep the cup or hollow formed in the upper end of the
candle of such a lamp or lantern dry; and thus to obviate the drawbacks such as a
splashing and going out, hitherto attending the use of such candle lamps and
lanterns.
invention.
The accompanying drawing shows a vertical section of a lamp embodying the
The lamp comprises two main parts viz. a combustion chamber A and
a candle-holder B with surrounding mantle or casing C between which and the
combustion chamber there is interposed a ring or piece a of material that is a bad
conductor of heat, such as cork or wood. The heat of the combustion chamber A
is thereby prevented from being communicated through its walls to the candle-
holder.
The ring or part a is arranged to close the passage between the combustion
chamber and casing C so that the air necessary for the burning of the candle is
compelled to come from below through the mantle and to pass upward around the
insulated candle-holder B. The special construction of this candle-holder causes the
air current to be directed as follows:-The mantle C surrounding the candle-holder
is provided with holes b at each end and carries at its top a thick broad annular
plate D.
The upper surface of the plate D is as shewn shaped in accordance with a special
curve, which has been discovered from numerous experiments, and the characteristic
feature of which is that the highest part of the plate is arranged at some distance
from its inner edge, whilst the surface between the highest part and the inner edge is
curved downwards towards the hollow formed in the upper part of the candle round
the wick, in such a manner, that the sectional curve of the surface of the plate forms
approximately a continuation of the sectional curve of the said hollow.
This shape causes the air-current (indicated by the arrows in the drawing) after
passing round the candle-holder and underneath the lower surface and outer edge of
the plate D, to sweep with increasing velocity along the upper surface of the plate
in such a manner that the air, under the attractive influence of the suction produced

page_text: in the middle of the lamp by the flame, is finally thrown with great force downwards
into the candle hollow towards the root of the wick, after which it ascends into the
flame.
Another special feature of this invention is that the outer casing C that carries
the plate D, is adapted to serve as a heat conveyor or radiator. For this purpose it
is made of good heat-conducting material and is made with a large cooling surface so
that it will readily convey heat from the ring D and candle cup or hollow to the
surrounding atmosphere and at the same time heat the air passing to the combustion
chamber below the said ring. The outer casing C may advantageously be made of
thick copper.
In order to increase its cooling surface and for the purpose of
decoration, its lower part may be cut to form strips G which may be rolled up into
spirals or similar shapes, as indicated by dotted lines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
1. A candle lamp or lantern having adjacent to the candle cup or hollow an
annular plate D the upper surface of which is formed with a curve that, slopes gently
down towards the candle cup in such a manner that it forms a continuation of the
curved surface of the said cup, whilst the air for combustion enters the combustion
chamber through holes 6 uniter the said plate and passes upwardly at the outer edge
thereof, the arrangements being such that the said air is caused to sweep along the
upper surface of the plate and to be thrown with force down into the candle cup for
the purpose of keeping the same dry.
2. In a candle lamp or lantern of the kind referred to in the preceding claim,
the plate D at the top of a hollow cylinder C having a large surface and suitably
insulated from the walls of the combustion chamber, the said cylinder projecting
downwards into the open air for the purpose of conveying heat away from the plate D
and consequently from the candle cup or hollow and at the same time heating the
air that passes into the combustion chamber below the plate D.
3. An improved candle lamp or lantern constructed, arranged, and operating as
herein before described with reference to and shown in the accompanying drawing.
Dated this 16th day of January 1697.
For the Applicants,
W. LLOYD WISE,
46 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C., Chartered Patent Agent.