Improvements in Clutches and Brakes for Arc Electric Lamps.
Year: 1898

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Clutches and Brakes for Arc Electric Lamps.
We, GUSTAV BYNG, of 69-71, Queen Victoria Street, in the City, and County of
London, Electrical Engineer, and ARTHUR ERNEST ANGOLD, of Peel Works, Sal-
ford, in the County of Lancaster, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
or
the
Our invention relates to certain improvements. in clutches and brakes for are
electric lamps, and has for its object the employment of indiarubber, leather, or
like resilient substance, which forms a better grip and a more steady action in
feeding than metal does; and to compensate the wear of said substance automati-
cally. Heretofore in using a soft or resilient substance or material, such wear
substantially alters the feeding point, so that in striking the arc the mechanism
has to travel beyond its normal limit before the rod wheel, as
gripped, and upon
may be, is
movement, feeding
occurs, before the original and defined feeding point is attained.
again, the solenoids or magnets which regulate the lamp cannot usually be made
sufficiently long to afford a uniform pull throughout the range, therefore when the
feeding point is altered, the voltage and current during feeding will also be
altered to a corresponding degree, or the lamp be rendered inoperative alto-
gether. Our invention is designed to obviate these disadvantages.
case
the
return
And
:
In carrying our invention into effect we employ pivotted plates of a shape
determined by the general construction of the lamp to which they are adapted.
Said plates have a series of teeth cut upon the extreme edge farthest from the
point of suspension, the latter being coupled by a rod or the like to the core of
the solenoid or other controlling device. Said teeth are concentric with the axis
or pivot of the plate or plates, and a knife edged pawl attached to a fixed or
moveable bracket upon the lamp frame is arranged to engage with them. The
clutch or brake consists in a holder carried by the plate or plates aforesaid, and
shaped to fit a rod or a wheel, and in which the soft or resilient material or sub-
stance is placed. Since each tooth upon the free edge or edges of the plate or
plates is equidistant from the point of suspension the feeding point is constant,
because said teeth being preferably of fine pitch, as the brake surface wears away,
the clutch closes up, and the plate or plates take up a different position and the
knife pawl engages with another tooth.
Our invention is applicable to lamps having a wheel or suspensory feed as
well as to those in which a rod is directly acted upon, and in the case of pressing
a rod downwards by means of a resilient clutch as herein described, we reverse

page_text: the apparatus and and employ springs or equivalent devices to counteract gravity.
The essential feature of our said invention is the employment of toothed plates,
suitably shaped, to compensate the wear of a resilient brake or clutch without
interfering with the regularity of working in the arc lamps to which it may be
applied.
:
FREDK. WALKER,
73, St. Stephen's Road, Upton Park, London, E.,
Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Clutches and Brakes for Arc Electric Lamps.
We, GUSTAV BYNG, of 69, 71, 88, 92, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C.,
Electrical Engineer, and ARTHUR ERNEST ANGOLD, of Peel Works, Adelphi,
Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particu-
larly described and ascertained in and by the following statement: -
Our invention relates to certain improvements in clutches and brakes for arc
electric lamps, and has for its object the employment of india rubber, leather or
like resilient substance, which forms a better grip and a more steady action in
feeding than obtains with metal brakes or clutches; and the wear is automati-
cally compensated. Heretofore in using a soft or resilient material or substance,
such wear substantially alters the feeding point, so that in striking the arc, the
mechanism has to travel beyond the normal limit before the rod or wheel is
gripped, therefore on the return movement feeding occurs before the proper feed-
ing point is attained.
And also the solenoids or magnets which regulate the lamp
cannot in practice be made sufficiently long to afford a uniform pull throughout
the range therefore when the feeding point is altered the voltage and current
during feeding will also be altered to a corresponding degree, or the lamp he
rendered inoperative altogether. Our invention is designed to obviate these dis-
advantages.
We wish it to be understood that our invention is applicable to vertical and
rotary feed mechanism for arc electric lamps, and we do not in the following
specification describe or confine ourselves to any form or type comprised in either
of the beforementioned classes, and therefore merely refer briefly to the attach-
ments which do not directly concern the brake or clutch forming the subject of
our said invention.
The appended two sheets of drawings sufficiently illustrate the points to be
claimed.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a brake or clutch applied to a vertical continuous
feed, Figure 2 is a sectional view thereof Figure 3 is a perspective view of
the clutch, or brake, and Figure 4 shows a portion of a corrugated rod that in
practice increases the grip. Figure 5 shows a front elevation of a wheel or
barrel feed, controlled by said brake. Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view showing
the centres of the action of feeding. Figure 7 shows the manner in which a
tense elastic surface is maintained upon a pivotted brake or clutoh block.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several
views.

page_text: In carrying our invention into effect we employ, in the case of vertical feeding
by the rod, as shown by Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 a pair of pivotted plates C joined
together by the pins PP, passing clear of the clutch or brake B and the rod A
carrying the carbon holder of the arc lamp. Said plates C have a series of teeth
cut upon the extreme edge, of fine pitch, and are pivotted upon suitable trun-
nions on the clutch or brake B ate, and at d to a rod f, which is actuated by
the solenoids, magnets, or other regulating devices appertaining to the especial
type of lamp. The toothed edge is concentric with the axis of d and a fixed
knife edged pawl a attached to a bracket M is arranged to engage with the teeth
when the plates C are raised by the rod f, and the plates then turn about the
pawl a and force the clutch against the rod A.
The clutch or brake B, shown more particularly by Figure 3 consists of an
outer metallic shell t, with an inner lining of resilient material w held in place by
bars h h¹ which grip the aforesaid lining by means of screws passing, through t, w
and engaging, with a screw thread in h. A suitable resilient surface is thus pro-
vided for the rod A, which may be corrugated as shown by Figure 4, if neces-
sary to procure a better grip between the brake and rod. A counterpoise is
pivotted also to d with a fork O travelling up and down the guide rod & fixed
to the base D which also carries the guide for the rod A. The function of this
counterpoise is to hold the plates C in position.
Since each tooth upon the free ends or peripheries of the plates C is equidis-
tant from the point of suspension, the feeding point is constant, because said
teeth being preferably of fine pitch, as the brake surface w wears away, the
clutch closes up because the plates take up a different position, and the knife
pawl a takes up one or more extra teeth of C on each movement of A, so that
the pressure or grip of the clutch B may be normal independently of wear.
Our invention is also applicable to arc electric lamps having a wheel or sus-
pensory feed, the carbon holder or holders being suspended from the axle, or
the periphery of the wheel.
Figure 5, Sheet 2, shows this arrangement the wheel A being pivotted at a
supported by a fixed bracket D. The inner surface of the rim of the wheel A is
arranged to receive the pressure of a brake or clutch B of oval construction with
a centre plate or boss o Figure 7, and a resilient surface held in place by a
plate m attached too by screws n³, said brake being pivotted at p to the toothed
plate C. Said plate C is also pivotted at e, to a crank K, which is loosely mounted
upon the axle and a rod f coupled to C at d and connected to the solenoids or
electromagnets controlling the lamp actuates the brake B, and one of the teeth
of C are at each upward movement in contact with a pawl a which may be fixed
upon a plate having a slight circular movement, and which is supported by the
bracket 1). It is obvious that during the upward movement: off when pressing
the brake B upon the wheel A as in Figure 5, or the downward movement when
releasing it as in Figure 7 the lift of C must be normal if the resilient facing !
does not wear, the pawl a slightly tilting in this case, but always engaging with
the same tooth, until the wear is sufficient to cause it to engage with another
tooth, the constant pressure of the brake or clutch being thus maintained. The
diagram Figure 6 shows the movement of the parts when actuated by the rod f
as aforesaid, also showing that in the case of a suspensory feed a slight move-
ment of the pawl a with the plate C is necessary.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention. and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is :-
First. In arc electric lamps with vertical or suspensory feeding movement, con-
trolled by a resilient brake or clutch, the combination therewith of a toothed
plate or plates C, and a fixed or moveable pawl a for compensating the wear of
the brake surface, substantially as herein described and shown by the drawings.

page_text: Second. In arc electric lamps with vertical or suspensory feeding movement,
controlled by a resilient brake or clutch, the method of and means for securing
a uniform action substantially as herein described and shown by the appended
drawings.
D:
L JTI 1900
FREDK. WALKER.
.
73, St. Stephen's Road, Upton Park, London, E.,
Agent for the Applicants.