Improvement in the Machinery used in the Manufacture of Ceramic Tiles.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in the Machinery used in the Manufacture of Ceramic
Tiles.
I, JAMES ELIJAH BRINDLEY of 89 and 91 Bryan St. Hanley in the County of
Stafford, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention appertains to an improvement in the machinery used in the
making of Wall, Ceiling and other Tiles. By its applicaiton tiles are produced
"undercut
which have on their back recesses or cavities the edges of which are
and consequently have a greater hold or adherence inasmuch as the cement filling
dove-tail
a cavity the bottom of which is of greater area than the top sets in a
shape and prevents removal (after the cement has set) except by using undue
force.
My invention applies to what is termed the "bottom die" and its construction
is as follows:-
The bottom die consists of a planed block of metal of the correct shape and
size for making the required Tile and for the purpose of my invention has slots
or chambers cut into the sides, of such shape and size as will admit of the
insertion of an appliance (hereinafter called the undercutter") consisting of
two pieces of metal, pivoted to the bottom die, and which pieces are of such
shape, and attached together in such a manner that the upper extremities seperate
or recede from each other, when the lower extremities are brought together, and
vice versa.
The upper part of each of these pieces is made with a channeled, undercut face,
in order to produce, as from a mould the required formation in the Tile. The
automatic freeing of the Tile is accomplished as follows. Immediately the
pressed tile is lifted high enough to be free from the restraint of the "box"
the lower extremities of the undercutter are subject to the action of a spring
which drawing them together causes the upper parts to open, or seperate, and the
sharp edged projections on the face of the same move sufficiently from their.
normal position to clear the undercut they have produced in the clay, at the
same time slightly lifting the Tile from the die.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood, I proceed to describe
the same according to the accompanying drawings in which similar letters refer
to like parts in all the figures.
Fig. 1. Represents an end elevation of a Tile having undercut recesses pro-
duced by my improved die.
Fig. 2. Is a plan of the bottom die showing the slots or chambers, and the
position of the Undercutters."
Fig. 3. Is a plan of the bottom die showing an alternative arrangement, which
may be used when it is desired that the edges of the Tile shall remain intact.
Fig. 4. Represents in sectional elevation the bottom die enclosed in the usual
$6 'box
"and showing the "undercutter" in position ready for making the Tile.

page_text: Fig. 5. Represents in sectional elevation, the position assumed by the
66 under-
cutter" when the die having been lifted so that the tile is clear of the box the
rubber spring has forced apart the appliance which produces the undercut.
The drawings represent a die with four undercutting appliances, but one or
other number can be used as may be considered necessary.
If it is desired that the undercutting shall not extend to the edge of the tile
but leave a margin intact, the "undercutters" will require fitting into suitable
holes made in the bottom die at the requisite distance from the edge as shown
in Fig. 3 instead of in slots or chambers in the sides as shown in Fig. 2.
The process of making is as follows:-After the bottom die D has been
lowered into its position on the bed of the press A as shewn in Fig. 4, the space
within the box B is filled with clay dust, clay or other material used to form
the Tile, and the usual pressure is applied to consolidate the same, the die iş
then pressed upward by the lifting rod C until it has attained the position shown
in Fig. 5, when the tile being lifted until it is free from the box, the pull of the
India rubber band G causes the "undercutter" E to move on the pivot F and the
projecting edges H which form the undercut to withdraw themselves from
the Tile.
+
On lowering the die into the box again the appliance resumes its normal
position as soon as the lower part of the undercutter rests on the bed plate.
Dated this 2nd day of January 1897.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvement in the Machinery used in the Manufacture of Ceramic
Tiles.
I, JAMES ELIJAH BRINDLEY of 89 and 91 Bryan St. Hanley in the County of
Stafford, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:-
This invention appertains to an improvement in the machinery used in the
making of wall, ceiling and other Tiles. By its application tiles are produced
which have on their back recesses or cavities the edges of which are undercut
and consequently have a greater hold or adherence, inasmuch as, the cement
filling a cavity the bottom of which is of greater area than the top sets in a
"dove-tail" shape and prevents removal (after the cement has .set) except by
using undue force.
T
My invention applies to what is termed the bottom die and its construction
is as follows:-
The bottom die consists of a planed block of metal of the correct shape and
size for making the required Tile and for the purpose of my invention has slots
or chambers cut into the sides, of such shape and size as will admit of the
insertion of an appliance (hereinafter called the "undercutter") consisting of
two pieces of metal, pivoted to the bottom die, and which pieces are of such
shape, and attached together in such a manner that the upper extremities seperate,
or recede from each other, when the lower extremities are brought together, and
vice versa.
- *.
The upper part of each of these pieces is made with a channeled, undercut face,
in order to produce, as from a mould the required formation in the Tile. The
automatic freeing of the Tile is accomplished as follows. Immediately the
pressed tile is lifted high enough to be free from the restraint of the "box"
the lower extremities of the undercutter" are subject to the action of a spring
"

page_text: which causes the upper parts to open, or seperate, and the sharp edged projections
on the face of the same move sufficiently from their normal position to clear the
undercut they have produced in the clay, at the same time slightly lifting the
tile from the die.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood I proceed to describe the
same according to the drawings left with the Provisional Specification, in which
similar letters-refer to like parts in all the figures.
Fig. 1. Represents an end elevation of a Tile having undercut recesses-pro--
duced by my improved die."
Fig. 2. Is a plan of the bottom die showing the slots or chambers, and the
position of the undercutters."
66
66
Fig. 3. Is a plan of the bottom die showing an alternative arrangement which
may be used when it is desired that the edges of the tile shall remain intact.
Fig. 4. Represents in sectional elevation the bottom die enclosed in the usual
box" and showing the "undercutter" in position ready for making the tile.
Fig. 5. Represents in sectional elevation the position assumed by the "under-
cutter "when the die having been lifted so that the tile is clear of the box,
the rubber spring has forced apart the appliance which produces the undercut.
The drawings represent a die with four "undercutters" but one, or other
number can be used as may be considered necessary. In many cases it will be
advantageous to use metal springs pressing against the feet of the undercutter"
instead of the rubber band shown in the drawings.
"
If it is desired that the undercutting shall not extend to the edge of the Tile
but leave a margin intact, the "undercutter" will require fitting into suitable
holes made in the bottom die, at the requisite distance from the edge, as shown
in Fig. 3, instead of in slots or chambers, as in Fig. 2.
The process of making is as follows.
After the bottom die D has been lowered into its position on the bed of the
press A as shewn in Fig. 4, the space within the box is filled with clay dust,
clay, or other material used to form the tile, and the usual pressure is applied
to consolidate the same, the die is then pressed upward by the lifting rod C
until it has attained the position shown in Fig. 5. When the tile being lifted
until it is free from the box the action of the India-rubber band (or other suitable
metal springs) G causes the undercutter E to move on the pivot F and the pro-
jecting edges H which form the undercut to withdraw themselves from the
Tile. On lowering the die into the box again the appliance resumes its normal
position as soon as the lower part of the undercutter rests on the bed plate.
The undercutters may be of various forms and sizes and may be placed in
such positions as may be found most suitable for the Tiles.
<
"
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion; and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The employment in the manufacture of ceramic tiles of the character herein
referred to of machinery constructed substantially as herein shown and described.
2. In machinery employed in the manufacture of ceramic Tiles of the character
herein referred to, the use of a bottom die containing in suitable apertures pieces
of metal pivoted together, with the undercutting edges on their faces, capable
of moving automatically towards and from each other by the action of suitable
springs, substantially as herein shown and described.
Dated this 2nd day of October 1807
JAMES ELIJAH BRINDLEY.