IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILER FURNACES to be as follows:-
Year: 1884

page_text: I LEOPOLD BREGHA of Dresden in the Empire of Germany, Doctor of Chemistry
(residing Kurfürstenstrasse 26) do hereby declare the nature of said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILER FURNACES to be as follows:-
"
This Invention relates to a particular arrangement of furnace for steam boilers,
kilns, ovens and other like heating apparatus, whereby a more perfect combustion
is obtained and an inferior quality of fuel can be employed.
The improved furnace consists substantially of an inclined grate formed in steps
on which the fuel is first charged and heated by the heat from the main body of
the furnace, before being burned on a second or main grate placed horizontally at
the end of the inclined grate and in such a condition that the fuel shall remain
at rest thereon.
Between the two grates is situate in an iron frame a door affording access to the
horizontal grate in order to facilitate the replacing of the grate bars when required.
During the operation of the furnace this door is kept closed.
These three parts are enclosed in front by means of an iron frame in which are
arranged blinds by preference in the form of adjustable louvres intended to regulate
and distribute the entering air according to requirements.
Above the blinds a door is provided through which the progress of the combustion
can be observed.
The space above the inclined grate is surrounded by an inclined vault of
brickwork forming an inclined passage or chamber for charging the fuel and for
imparting at the same time to the entering air a descending course onto the
horizontal grate whereby the gases produced are consumed. At the upper part of
said passage is arranged on an axis, a box intended to receive the fuel and to
charge it on the first or inclined grate, which is done by turning the fuel box.
After having restored the box to its first position, the passage is closed by a sliding
plate or otherwise. The steps of the inclined grate being themselves slightly
inclined it follows that at each fresh charge the already heated fuel is pushed
downwards onto the horizontal grate, where it is distributed by means of a cross

page_text: bar guided in longitudinal grooves or otherwise, arranged in the brickwork. The
handle of this cross bar passes through a hole in the door between the two grates
and may be removed after each operation.
Under the horizontal grate there is arranged a rake the teeth of which pass
between the bars of the grate and serve to prevent the agglomeration of clinker or
scories by moving said rake to and fro at suitable intervals.
Dated this Eighteenth day of January 1884.

page_text: I LEOPOLD BREGHA of Dresden in the Empire of Germany, Doctor of Chemistry
(residing Kurfürstenstrasse 26) do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM-BOILER FURNACES" and in what manner the same
is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This Invention relates to a particular arrangement of furnace for steam boilers
and the like whereby a more perfect combustion is obtained and an inferior quality
of fuel can be employed.
The improved furnace consists of an inclined grate A formed of bars or plates
disposed in steps, on which the fuel is first charged and heated by the heat
radiating from the main body of the furnace previous to its being burned on a
second or main grate B placed horizontally or nearly so at the lower end of the
inclined grate and in such a position that the fuel shall remain at rest thereon.
Between the two grates A and B is situate in an iron frame a door C affording
access to the horizontal grate in order to facilitate the replacing of the grate bars
when required. During the operation of the furnace this door is kept closed.
These three parts are enclosed in front by means of an iron frame in which are
arranged two kinds of blinds or louvres D D¹ disposed by preference horizontally
and vertically as shown in the Drawings annexed and intended to regulate and
distribute the entering air according to requirements.
Above these blinds a door E is provided through which the progress of the
combustion can be observed.
The space above the inclined grate A is surrounded by an inclined vault F of
brickwork so as to form an inclined chamber or passage G for charging the fuel
and for imparting at the same time to the entering air a descending course onto the
horizontal grate B where the gases produced are consumed.
At the upper part of said passage is arranged on an axis a reversible or tipping
box H intended to receive the fuel and to charge it on the inclined grate, which is
effected by simply turning or tipping the said box. After having restored the box
to its first position the mouth of the passage is closed by a sliding plate I.
The steps or plates of the inclined grate being themselves slightly inclined it
follows that at each fresh charge the already heated fuel will be pushed or urged
downwards onto the horizontal grate, where it is uniformly distributed by means
of a cross bar K guided in longitudinal grooves L or otherwise arranged in the
brickwork. The handle of this cross bar passes through a hole in the door C
between the two grates and may be removed after each operation. Under the
horizontal grate B there is arranged a rake M the teeth of which pass up between
the bars of the grate and serve to prevent the agglomeration of clinker by moving
said rake to-and-fro at suitable intervals.
The main object of the said improved arrangement of furnace is to obtain a
complete combustion of the fuel by preventing the reduction of the carbonic acid
into oxide of carbon by the absorption of one equivalent of carbon which latter
would be entirely lost if not burned afterwards by two equivalents of oxygen.
This result can only be obtained when the fuel is in an incandescent state and
when the air for burning the disengaged gases is highly heated before mixing
therewith. The first condition is fulfilled or accomplished by the air entering
through the horizontal grate, whereas the air passing through the inclined grate is
raised to a high temperature by the inclined vault and effects the complete
combustion of the gases above the horizontal grate.

page_text: As to the quantity of air necessary for producing the complete combustion of
the fuel the same may be easily regulated according to requirements by means of
the two kinds of moveable blinds D D¹ which at the same time ensure a uniform
distribution of the air thereby preventing irregular combustion of the fuel at
different parts of the grates.
The fuel which may consist of any dross or rubbish is preferably charged in a
dry state as the water on being vaporised absorbs a certain amount of heat. The
remaining ashes generally do not exceed 8°.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is :-
1. The arrangement of a horizontal grate and an inclined grate formed in steps,
on which latter the fuel is first charged and heated and from which it is caused to
descend onto the horizontal grate where its combustion is completed, in combination
with a vault so constructed above the inclined grate as to form an inclined passage'
for the purpose of reheating the air and directing it downwards onto the burning
fuel on the horizontal grate substantially as specified.
2. The peculiar arrangement of blinds or regulators disposed at the front part of
the furnace for regulating and distributing the required quantity of air for
producing complete and uniform combustion as specified.
3. The use in combination with the inclined passage above the inclined grate of
a reversible or tipping box for charging the fuel onto the said grate as specified.
4. The application and use of a cross bar and a rake arranged respectively above
and below the horizontal grate for the purpose of distributing the fuel thereon and
cleaning the grate bars thereof substantially as herein before described.
Dated this 19th day of September 1884: