IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS BY THE DIRECT ACTION OF STEAM.
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Clark Andrews, of Crewkerne, in the
County of Somerset, Manager, for the Invention of "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS BY THE DIRECT ACTION
OF STEAM.
"
Scaled the 24th June 1873, and dated the 3rd February 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Clark Andrews
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 3rd February 1873.
I, JOHN CLARK ANDREWS, of Crewkerne, in the County of Somerset,
Manager, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVED APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS BY THE DIRECT ACTION
OF STEAM," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention of "Improved Apparatus for Heating Water
or other Liquids by the Direct Action of Steam" is, first, to cconomize
fuel and utilize the heat of the steam; second, to cause a proper and
continuous circulation of the water or other liquid that is to be heated;
and third, to prevent the noise and rattle that usually takes place when

page_text: steam is injected under pressure into a liquid. This rattle is not only
objectionable from the noise that is produced (as for instance when the
waste steam from a locomotive is injected or allowed to escape into the
water in the tender), but it has been found to be detrimental to the
machinery as it is liable to shake and jar the same, and loosen thic
fittings. In order to effect the objects I have in view, I cause the steam
to issue from a jet or nozzle which is surrounded by a pipe or tube open
at both ends so that the water or liquid may have a free passage through
the same. The steam on issuing from the jet in this tube carrics
forward the water or liquid with it, and thus produces a continuous
circulation in the vessel. The steam will morcover be perfectly condensed
before it arrives at the exit aperture of the enveloping tube, and there-
fore will not bubble up through the body of liquid in the vessel. The
whole of the heat carried in by the steam will thus bo utilized and a
considerable economy of fuel will be the result.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Clark Andrews in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 1st August 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
CLARK ANDREWS, of Crewkerne, in the County of Somerset, Manager,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Third day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the
thirty-sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said John Clark Androws, Her special
licence that I, the said John Clark Andrews, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John Clark Andrews,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER OR OTHER LIQUIDS BY THE DIRECT ACTION OF

page_text: STEAM,
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said John
Clark Andrews, my executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said In-
vention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Clark Andrews, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing hereunto
annexed and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say) :—
The object of my Invention of "Improved Apparatus for Heating
Water or other Liquids by the Direct Action of Steam" is, first, to
economize fuel and utilize the heat of the steam; second, to cause a
proper and continuous circulation of the water or other liquid that is to
be heated; and third, to prevent the noise and rattle that usually takes
place when steam is injected under pressure into a liquid. This rattle
is not only objectionable from the noise that is produced (as for instance
when the waste steam from a locomotive is injected or allowed to
escape into the water in the tender), but it has been found to be detri-
mental to the machinery as it is liable to shake and jar the same and
loosen the fittings. In order to effect the objects I have in view I fix
my improved apparatus in any convenient part of the vessel containing
the water or other liquid, and I cause the steam to issue from the jet or
nozzle which is surrounded by a pipe or tube open at both ends, so that
the water or liquid may have a free passage through the same.
In the accompanying Drawing I have shewn various forms or modifi-
cations of my Invention. Fig. 1 represents the simplest form of injector
apparatus, whereby the objects of the Invention can be effected; a is
the steam pipe which projects through the bottom side or end of the
tank or other vessel containing the liquid desired to be heated, and it is
surrounded by a sleeve tube open at both ends. The nozzle of the
pipe a is contracted so that the steam may issue with such force and
pressure as to induce a current of water or other liquid to flow through
the sleeve or enveloping tube b, entering at the wide end of the tube
which is secured by wing pieces b', 6', to the central steam pipe a, and

page_text: escaping at the opposite end, the jet of steam thus produces a con-
tinuous circulation of liquid in the vessel. The steam will morcover be
condensed before it arrives at the exit aperture of the enveloping tube b,
and therefore will not bubble up through the body of liquid in the
vessel. The whole of the heat carried in by the steam will thus be
utilized and a considerable economy of fuel will be the result.
Fig. 2 represents a modification of Fig. 1, the only difference being
that the enveloping tube 6 is closed at that part which is connected to
the steam pipe a, but there are openings 6º, 6º, mado all round it to
allow the water to enter as indicated by the arrows.
Fig. 3 represents one of my improved apparatus adapted to the bottom
of a tender or tank. In this instance the enveloping tube 6 (being fixed
on the bottom plate c of the tank or tender) is closed at bottom, and
openings 6ª, 6ª, aro mado in the sides, as at Fig 2, for the admission of
the water as indicated by the arrows in the Figuro.
Fig. 4 represents another modification in which a concd is fixed above
the exit aperture of the tube b, so that the effluent water may be dis-
persed in a lateral direction, as indicated by the arrows. The lower
part of the enveloping tube b is constructed and attached to the steam
pipe a, in the manner above described in reference to Fig 1.
Having now set forth the nature of my Invention of "Improved
Apparatus for Heating Water or other Liquids by the Direct Action of
Steam," I wish it to be understood that under the above in part recited
Letters Patent I claim, the means above described whereby steam may
bo injected into water and other liquids for the purpose of heating the
samo without producing an injurious vibration of the tank or other
containing vessel.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Clark Andrews, havo here-
unto set my hand and scal, the Thirty-first day of July, in
tho year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-