Improved Paving for Roads, Footpaths, Yards, Stables, and the like.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 29th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 31st Oct., 1889-Accepted, 14th Dec.. 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Paving for Roads, Footpaths, Yards, Stables, and
the like.
FREDERICK GEORGE HELMORE of 15 Masboro' Road West Brook Green in the
County of Middlesex Commission Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
:-
Sectional Casements for foundations (with fixtures & fittings thereto) of Roadways
Footpaths Yards Stables or any other flooring purposes, made of iron steel wood or
any other hard substance running in parallel lines, across or along any public or
private roads and footpaths, yards stables or any other floor formed in the aforesaid
manner. The invention prevents the constant pulling up of roads pathways &c.
caused by the laying or relaying of sewers gas or water pipes, also the paving keeps
its level and can all be completed at factory and laid in one night, thus preventing
the stoppage of traffic and also will be the means of saving much labour.
The following are a few of the particulars of the mode of laying and usefulness of
the Invention.
Firstly. The casements are made in sections of the width of the roadway to be
paved with gutter combined as shown in sketch each section should be of a uniform
width.
Secondly. These sections can be made at the factory and filled in with wood
blocks, asphalte or any other road making material, and conveyed from factory to the
road to be paved.
Thirdly. Very little labour required in laying or bolting sections together, no bed
of concrete necessary except concrete or other bearings, at each end of sections.
Cavity under sections will be filled up with loose earth ballast to deaden any possible
sound.
Fourthly. At the present price of cast iron the casements should be made of that
material, & will last for many years, and when the paving requires entirely to he
renewed, the sections can then be given a fresh coat of tar.
Fifthly. It is well known when a road is laid with the best wood blocks or other
kind of blocks many blocks by the nature of the substance, rot or wear hollow, by
this system the portion that is faulty can be easily replaced, the side screw jacks
need only be unloosened to allow the said blocks being removed & new ones
placed.
Sixthly. It is well to explain that none of the wood blocks or other kind of blocks
need be complete fixtures (by being held in their positions by concrete or other
compositions which destroy the utility of the blocks when taken up) as they may be
held in their positions by being screwed up tightly by the side screw jacks to centre
plate as shown in sketch. There may be the usual thin slip of wood (or other
material) between each course of blocks, or if desired a thin iron slip with side teeth
to grip blocks.
Seventhly. If asphalte concrete or other similar composition are used for the
paving purpose the side screw jacks are unnecessary.
Eighthly. By the use of this Invention it is impossible for a road, pathway &c. &c.
to get out of level or into big holes, as the blocks or composition cannot sink being
laid on plate of casement, and when the blocks or other kind of paving are
considerably worn the whole can be replaced at very little expense & labour. This
system will necessitate a certain amount of extra casements to enable to replace whilst
the others are being refilled or repaired at factory.
And in order that my Invention may be thoroughly understood I now proceed to

page_text: .
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Paving for Roads, Footpaths, Yards, Stables, and
the like.
FREDERICK GEORGE HELMORE of 15 Masboro' Road West Brook Green in the
County of Middlesex Commission Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention consists of sectional casements for foundations (with fixtures and
fittings thereto) of roadways, footpaths yards stables or any other flooring purposes
made of iron steel wood or any other hard substance running in parallel lines across
or along any public or private roads and footpaths yards stables or any other floor
formed in the aforesaid manner. The invention prevents the constant pulling up of
roads, pathways &c. caused by the laying or relaying of sewers gas or water pipes
also the paving keeps its level and can all be completed at factory and laid in one
night thus preventing the stoppage of traffic and also will be the means of saving
much labour.
The following are a few of the particulars of the mode of laying and usefulness of
the invention.
Firstly. The casements are made in sections of the width of the roadway to be
paved, with gutters combined if desired as shown in sketch, each section should be
of a uniform width.
Secondly. These sections can be made at the factory and filled in with wood,
wood blocks, asphalte, or any other road making material and conveyed from factory
to road to be paved.
Thirdly. Very little labour required in laying or bolting sections together no bed
of concrete necessary except concrete or other bearings at each end of sections.
Cavity under sections will be filled up with loose earth ballast to deaden any
possible sound.
Fourthly. At the present price of cast iron the casements should be made of
that material and will last for many years and when the paving requires entirely
to be renewed the sections can then be given a fresh coat of tar.

page_text: Fifthly. It is well known when a road is laid with the best wood blocks
many blocks by the nature of the substance rot or wear hollow by this system the
portion that is faulty can be easily replaced and where screw jacks are used they
need only be unloosened to allow the said blocks being removed and new ones
placed.
Sixthly. It is well to explain that none of the wood blocks or other kind of
blocks need be complete fixtures by being held in their positions by concrete or
other compositions which destroys the utility of the blocks when taken up as they
may be held in their positions by being screwed up tightly by the side screw jacks
to centre plate as shown in sketch. There may be the usual thin slip of wood (or
other material between each course of blocks or if desired a thin iron slip with side
teeth to grip blocks.
Seventhly. If asphalte, concrete or other similar composition are used for paving
purpose the side screw jacks are unnecessary & in the use of block paving can be
dispensed with.
Eighthly. By the use of this Invention it is impossible for a road pathway &c. &c.
to get out of level or into big holes as the blocks or composition cannot sink being
laid on plate of casement and when the blocks or other kind of paving are
considerably worn the whole can be replaced at very little expense & labour. This
system will necessitate a certain amount of extra casements to enable to replace
whilst the others are being refilled or repaired at factory. Tram or rail lines can be
fixed wrought or moulded to casements.
Ninthly. To add to the strength of connecting the sections together and to be a
further stay in keeping them in their level flanges could be annexed under sections to
fit into recesses fixed under the same.
Tenthly. Where the paving is required to extend in width 30 feet one span will
suffice-60 feet width sections in two spans with extra centre concrete bearing-
90 feet width, sections in three spans with two extra midway concrete bearings and
so on.
Eleventhly. Where the roadway footpath and &c. are on the incline the casements
must be radiated or moulded according to the inclination of the surface to be paved.
I do not limit myself to the particular shape or size of my invention, or any
particular material it may be made from as shown on the drawings, as they may be
varied without departing from the nature of the invention provided they be of such a
nature as herein before described.
And in order that my invention may be thoroughly understood I now proceed to
describe the drawing left with the provisional specification and the accompanying
drawings thereof reference being had to letters marked thereon.
Figure I Shows surface of paving as laid in casement.
"
"
II Side elevation of casement.
Ill Shows two sides of casements bolted together.
IV Shows screw jacks in box forming gutter.
V Shows back of casements with flanges & recesses closed.
" VI The like open.
"
21
Vll Shows upper part of casement, groved to carry off liquids.
(A) Denotes wood blocks or any other kind of road making material.
(B) Pavement.
(C) Kerb stones.
(D) Gutter making box for screw jacks to tighten up blocks.
(E) Gap caused by plate, being screwed up tight to hold blocks, to be filled in
with wedges &c.
(F) Centre plate (rising to half or two thirds of the height of blocks cd on
casements, to be a centre support to tighten up blocks to.
(G) Sides of casements (these are covered by the overlapping of blocks cut for the
purpose.
(H) Blocks made purposely to lap over the sides of casements.
(I) Fixed screw jacks (under gutter) for the purpose of tightening up blocks.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
Firstly. Sectional casements constructed in any shape or size on any public or
private roadway footpaths yards, stable floors or the like substantially herein
described and according to the drawings left with provisional specification.
Secondly. The construction of the gutter containing the screw jacks to tighten up
paving blocks substantially herein described and according to the drawings left with
the provisional specification.
Thirdly. The casements with furrows as may be desirable to allow of all fluids
percolating through the interstices of the material used for paving to be carried off
to under gutter (box containing screw jacks) substantially herein described and
according to the accompanying drawings and lettered Q & R.
Fourthly. That I claim to make ny invention in iron steel wood or any other
substance substantially herein contained.
Dated this 31st day of October 1889.
FRED. GEO. HELMORE,
Applicant.