A NEW OR IMPROVED STEAM, GAS, AND WATER TIGHT METALLIC JOINT
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Hippolyte Léon Magniat, one of the Firm of Bruno and
Magniat, of No. 22, Ruc de Trévise, Paris, in the Republic of France, for the
Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED STEAM, GAS, AND WATER TIGHT METALLIC
JOINT"
Sealed the 26th January 1877, and dated the 1st August 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Hippolyte Léon Magniat at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 1st August 1876.
HIPPOLYTE LÉON MAGNIAT, one of the Firm of Bruno and Magniat, of No. 22,
Rue de Trévise, Paris, in the Republic of France. "A NEW OR IMPROVED STEAM,
GAS, AND WATER TIGHT METALLIC JOINT."
"
My new or improved universal metallic joint is made of a tube of metal (no
matter what metal, whether simple or composite) the said tube being filled interiorly
with any kind of textile material. Thus prepared in lengths of about two or four
yards, it may be sold as may be desired; it is very clean, easily used, and of a
relatively low price.
-
This novel universal metallic joint will last several years; it is easily made, and
may be used more than once; thus there will be no cessation of work or standing
still in consequence of joints requiring remaking.
The accompanying Sheet of Drawing shows various sizes and forms of inetallic
joints of my Invention, as well as the manner in which the joint is made.
Figure 1. Large tube of 10"/ (one end of which is flattened to form a joint
nipper) for rough joints (coppersmith's trado).
Figure 2. Small tube for joints with turned flanges (mechanism); the diameter
varies from 4 to 7.
Figure 3. Curved or arched tube showing the form of the nippers for the
junction.
Figure 4. Arched tube showing the shape of the flattened nippers ready to close.
Figure 5. Portion of joint of a steam cylinder tightened close up, showing in
section the shape of the small tubes on the exterior and interior of the flange at
E, F, (double joint).

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Hippolyte Léon Magniat in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 31st
January 1877.
HIPPOLYTE LÉON MAGNIAT, one of the Firm of Bruno and Magniat, of No. 22,
Rue de Trévise, Paris, in the Republic of France. "A NEW OR IMPROVED STEAM,
GAS, AND WATER TIGHT METALLIC JOINT."
Of all the materials which serve for making steam, gas, and water tight joints,
red lead is that most generally used. There are however great inconveniences
attending its use in steam engines, especially when the machine is to be started
again directly the joint is made, in which case chopped or cut tow must be added
to give greater consistency to the mastic or cement. In this stato it is applied very
thick, and when the joint is screwed or tightened up it permits the escape of
nearly the whole of the pasty matter, as much to the inside as to the outside.
When the engine is set at work (the mastic being wet or dry) the steam carries the
portions of the joint that exude under the regulating valve and often weakens its
play, these exudations then entering the steam chest deteriorate the prepared
surfaces of the slide valve and the expansion gear, as well as the plate or face of
the openings of the cylinder, and from thence passing into the cylinder they there
also cause serious accidents.
It often happens that the wet joints give way and that their drying must be
waited for, especially when they are large.
Another very serious defect causing great annoyance to engine-drivers is that tho
working of the feed apparatus (pump) is often interrupted by the mastic which
lodges between the valves and their seats. I propose to remedy this incontestable
evil by means of the universal metallic joint which forms the subject of this
Invention.
My new or improved universal metallic joint is made of a tube of metal (no
matter what metal, whether simple or composite), the said tube being filled
interiorly with any kind of textile material. Thus prepared in lengths of about 2
or 4 yards it may be sold as may be desired, it is very clean, easily used, and of a
relatively low price.
This novel universal metallic joint will last several years, it is easily made, and
may be used over again. Thero will therefore be little or no cessation of work or
standing still in consequence of joints requiring remaking.
The accompanying Sheet of Drawing shows various sizes and forms of metallic
joints of my Invention as well as the manner in which the joint is made.
Figure 1, large stick or tube of 10m (one end of which is flattened to form a
joint nipper) for rough joints (coppersmith's trade).
Figure 2, small stick or tube for joints with turned flanges (machinery); the
diameter varies from 4 to 7/m.
Figure 3, curved or arched stick or tube showing the form of the nippers for the
junction.
Figure 4, arched tube showing the shape of the flattened nippers ready to close.
Figure 5, portion of joint of a steam cylinder tightened close up showing in
section the shape of the small tubes on the exterior and interior of the flange at
E, E', (double joint).
Figure 6, stuffed joint ready for tightening or closing up. The lines dotted in
square show the shape which the joint may take with too weak a flange.
The diameter of a joint being taken between the interior of the bolts and the
exterior of the orifice the piece of tube is cut but with an additional two centimeters

page_text: for the crossing of a small or an average joint, and 3 centimeters for a large one.
The two ends are then flattened out by hammer to the form of wedges with very
thin extremities, and the form of the flanges of the joint is given to it. The two
flattened ends are then closed and it is placed between the flanges, care being had
to place the junction facing a bolt; it is then tightened up until the key meets with
moderate resistance, and if the joint does not then close sufficiently it is further
tightened until a close joint is made. Under this pressure the stick or tube spreads
very uniformly, that is to say, as much to the inside as to the outside, this effect
being produced by the core of textile material of any kind which is incompressible
and without adhesion, thus giving elasticity for the filling up of the surfaces of
roughened flanges, and the turning of one flange upon the other without effort if
they are not well placed, and that without tearing out the material, which would
affect the lasting of the joint and consequently its being used again if taken to
picces before it is worn out.
Figure 5 is a section of part of the joint of a steam cylinder and shows how a
double joint is made. The inner tube alone maintains the pressure, the outer one
serving-but as tie-piece in order to prevent too rapid a settlement in an apparatus
straining very much, and for supporting the flanges of joints often very large and
with a multiplicity of bolts.
The making of joints for water and gas is the same as for steam.
Having now described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the saine is or may be performed, I desire it to be understood that
may make my joint tubes of any diameter, may use this new universal metallic
joint for steam, gas, and water, for the prevention of accidents such as aforesaid,
and that I claim as secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters
Patent,-
Firstly. The use of a joint made of tubes of metal (whether this metal be simple
or composite), with the interior or case filled with any kind of textile or incompres-
sible material, substantially as herein-before described.
Secondly. The arrangement of the junction nippers, substantially as herein-
before lescribed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Hippolyte Léon Magniat, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, this Fifteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven.
Witness,
ED. D'AUBRÉVILLE,
Ingénieur Civil,
Paris.
H. LÉON MAGNIAT. (L.S.)