IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIG IRON, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Andrew Barclay, of Kilmarnock, in the County of
Ayr, North Britain, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF PIG IRON, AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS
EMPLOYED THEREIN."
Sealed the 10th January 1865, and dated the 16th July 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Andrew Barclay at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th July 1864.
I, ANDREW BARCLAY, of Kilmarnock, in the County of Ayr, North Britain,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention of "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIG IRON AND IN THE MACHINERY OR
APPARATUS EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows, that is to say:
This Invention relates in the first place to the manufacture of pig iron by
mixing in the "pig bed," together with the sand or other material usually
employed, a quantity of "engine or furnace ashes," coke, charcoal, or other
carbonaceous or refuse matters, for the purpose of the better carbonizing or
softening of the iron.

page_text: The second part of the present Invention consists in the casting of the " pigs,"
or bars of iron with small indentations or recesses at each side of the bar, and
opposite to each other, for the purpose of rendering the "pigs," or bars more
easily broken by the hammer or otherwise.
The apparatus employed for effecting or forming these indentations in the
pigs consists essentially of a pattern made of metal or wood, in the sides or
outer surface of which indentations or notches are formed similar to those to
be produced in the pigs themselves. This pattern is moulded in sand in the
ordinary manner by workmen, and thus the pig bed is produced, or it may be
attached to a crane and impressed in the sand by means of a lever actuating
the pattern suspended from the crane chain, the chief feature of this part of
the Invention being the forming of the pigs with indentations or notches in
their sides so that they may be more easily broken up for remelting in the
cupola and with a much less expenditure of time and labour than heretofore.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Andrew Barclay, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
16th January 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ANDREW
BARCLAY, of Kilmarnock, in the County of Ayr, North Britain, Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Andrew Barclay, Her special license that I, the said Andrew
Barclay, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Andrew Barclay, my executors, administrators, or assigns, should at
any time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF PIG IRON AND IN THE MACHINERY OR APPARATUS EMPLOYED
THEREIN," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Andrew
Barclay, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my hand and seal, or under the hand and seal of one of them should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what

page_text: manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Andrew Barclay, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained.in and by the following
statement, that is to say:-
My said Invention relates in the first place to the manufacture of "pig iron"
by mixing in the "pig bed," together with the sand or other material usually
employed, a quantity of engine or furnace ashes, coke, charcoal, or other
carbonaceous or refuse matters for the purpose of the better carbonizing or
softening of the iron.
The second part of the present Invention consists in the casting of the "pigs,"
or bars of iron with small indentations or recesses at each side of the bar and
opposite to each other for the purpose of rendering the "pigs," or bars more
easily broken by the hammer or otherwise.
The apparatus employed for effecting or forming these indentations in the
"pigs" consists, essentially of a pattern made of metal or wood in the sides or
outer surface of which indentations or notches are formed similar to those to
be produced in the "pigs" themselves. This pattern is moulded in sand in
the ordinary manner by workmen, and thus the "pig bed" is produced, or it
may be attached to a crane and impressed in the sand by means of a lever
actuating the pattern suspended from the crane chain. The chief features of
this part of the Invention being the forming of the "pigs" with indentations
or notches in their sides so that they may be more easily broken up for
remelting in the cupola, and with a much less expenditure of time and labour
than heretofore.
Having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same is or may be used or practically carried into effect, I would
observe in conclusion, that I do not confine or restrict myself to the precise
details or arrangements herein-before described, as many variations may be
made therefrom without deviating from the true principles or main features
of my said Invention, but what I consider novel and original, and therefore
claim as the Invention secured to me by the herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent is,-
First, the using of the refuse carbonaceous matter. from furnaces about
works and employing it in the "pig bed," as herein-before described.
Second, the use of carbonaceous matter generally wheresoever obtained
as herein-before described.

page_text: Third, the mode of forming, and the forming itself, of the "pigs," of
metal with notches or indentations for the purpose of facilitating fracture as
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Andrew Barclay, have hereunto set my
hand and seal; this Thirteenth day of January, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-five.
ANDREW BARCLAY. (L.B.)