Improvements in Boring Wells.
Year: 1898

page_text: Improvements in Boring Wells.
I, ALBERT FAUCK, of Marcinkowice, in the Province of Galicia, in the Austrian
Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in boring wells and more particularly
to well boring wherein an annular section of the rock is operated upon and cut
away, so that a core is formed in the centre of the hole.
In order to remove the said core, it has been necessary hitherto from time
to time to withdraw the rod and wherein the sections of the core are retained;
it is obvious that this alternate withdrawing and re-lowering of the rod and
bit causes much waste of time and labour.
The object of this invention is to overcome these difficulties, and to provide
means for removing the core without withdrawing the rod and bit.
According to my invention the tubular bit and rod are rapidly reciprocated
in short strokes the tubing of the well is tightly closed at the top, and a stream
of water is forced down through the said tubing. The water ascending through
the tubular bit and rods carries along the sections of the core, which are pre-
vented from clogging by the continuous shaking of the bit and rods.
I advantageously impart the rapid reciprocating motion to the drill by suspending
it from one end of a rope, the other end of which is secured to the derrick, and
which is run round a pulley loosely mounted upon the crank pin of a revolving
crank-shaft journalled in the derrick below the point where the end of the rope
is fastened.
The tubular bit has reaming cutters pivoted to its sides, and its radial cutting-
edges are, at two diametrically opposite portions, of greater length than the rest,
whereby jamming in of the drill is prevented.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
-
My invention relates to improvements in boring wells and more particularly
to well boring wherein an annular section of the rock is operated upon and cut
away, so that a core is formed in the centre of the hole.
In order to remove the said core, it has been necessary hitherto from time
to time to withdraw the rod and bit wherein the sections of the core are retained;
it is obvious that this alternate withdrawing and re-lowering of the rod and
bit causes much waste of time and labour.
The object of this invention is to overcome these difficulties, and to provide
means for removing the core without withdrawing the rod and bit.
I have observed in practice that in core-boring by means of a percussion drill,
the core gradually assumes a conical shape in consequence of the gradual wear
of the inner surface of the tubular bit, and that, as soon as the worn bit is
replaced by a fresh one having the normal inner diameter, this bit gets jammed
upon the core and afterwards the core is torn off by the bit.
According to my invention the tubular bit and rod are rapidly reciprocated
in short strokes the tubing of the well is tightly closed at the top, and a stream
of water is forced down through the said tubing. The water ascending through
the tubular bit and rods carries along the sections of the core, which are pre-
vented from clogging by the continuous shaking of the bit and rods.
I advantageously impart the rapid reciprocating motion to the drill by suspend-
ing it from one end of a rope, the other end of which is secured to the derrick, and
which is run round a pulley loosely mounted upon the crank pin of a revolving
crank-shaft journalled in the derrick below the point where the end of the rope
is fastened.
The tubular bit has reaming cutters pivoted to its sides, and its radial cutting-
edges are, at two diametrically opposite portions, of greater length than the rest,
whereby jamming in of the drill is prevented.
In order to enable my invention to be fully understood, I will describe the
same with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which;
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation on line 1-1, Figure 2, of apparatus for
boring wells according to my invention:
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation on line 2--2, Figure 1:
Figure is a sectional elevation drawn to a larger scale, of the lower extremity
of the hole being bored, the bit, the reamers, the tubing and the core ;
Figure 4 is a horizontal section on line 4-1 Figure 3; and
Figure 5 is an end view of the bit.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, a is the wooden derrick con-
structed in the usual manner, of sleepers, a base frame, standards, struts and a
top frame. The driving shaft b to which motion is imparteil from any suitable
motor by means of the rope-pulley b', transmits the motion by means of the
rope-pulleys and 2 and the driving rope d to the crank-shaft c. When it is
required to revolve this latter more rapidly, the driving rope d is passed round
the pulleys and c¹ of the shafts b and c, respectively, and the pulley
geared with the motor.
is
The rope from which the drill is suspended, has its end fastened to a drum f
the shaft of which is journalled in bearings secured to struts of the derrick a.
The said shaft of the drum f also carries a worm-wheel f¹ in gear with the
worm f, to the shaft f³ of which is secured a hand-wheel f¹. It will be readily
understood that by turning the hand-wheel ft, the rope d¹ wound round the
drum f can be paid out or drawn in. From the drum f the rope & runs
over a guide pulley I, the pivot of which rests upon the crossbeams a¹ of the
derrick, and from this pulley it passes downwards over a pulley g, which is
loosely mounted upon the crank-pin of the crank-shaft c; then the rope passes
upwards and over a guide-pulley mounted upon the top frame of the derrick

page_text: in such a position as to bring the downwardly extending portion of the rope d¹
in line with the axis of the well.
By means of a stirrup it, the rope is connected with the tubular drill rod i
which enters the tubing of the well through a stuffing-box j made integral
with the cap, that is screwed upon the top section of the tubing j in order
to tightly close it. The said cap is provided with a nozzle to be coupled
with a hose, through which a stream of water under pressure is forced into
the tubing. The stream of water flowing downward in the tubing passes, at
the bottom of the well, into the tubular bit k, k, hereinafter more fully
described, and carrying along the loose portions of the core it rises within the bit
and tubular rod i, the top end of which carries a vessel m intended to receive
the portions of the core; the hose carries off the water.
The tubular bit is composed of three parts viz. the bit proper k, the reamer
carrier and the connecting piece to be screwed into the tubular rod i. The
bit proper is provided with radial cutting edges and ¹ formed on its face,
the diametrically opposite edges n' being longer than the edges n in order to
prevent jamming of the bit in a certain measure, as the number of diametrically
opposite portions subject to jamming is thereby considerably reduced. The
reamer carrier k has reaming blades o pivoted in suitable recesses in its sides.
The headed pins o¹ bear against shoulders o² on the bosses of the blades-o, and
under the action of coiled springs o abutting against the screw plugs o¹, by
which the bores o containing the pins o¹ are closed, the said pins cause the
blades o to swing outward. When the drill is withdrawn from the well, they
fold against the reamer carrier as soon as they meet the bottom edge of the
tubing j.
It will be readily understood that the pulley g, mounted on the crank-pin of
the continuously revolving crank-shaft c and acting upon a bight of the rope d¹,
from which the drill is suspended, must impart to the latter a rapid to-and-fro
motion. When the rope is run over the guide pulley I, the portions of the
rope on either side of the pulley g are parallel, and consequently the throw of
the drill must be double the throw of the crank. In order to allow of reducing
the throw of the drill, there are yet three other guide pulleys II, III and IV
suitably mounted on the derrick in such positions as to allow of giving directions
more or less deviating from the parallel, to the portion of rope between the
drum and pulley g. The different directions, which can be given to the rope
are indicated by dotted lines in Figure 1, and it is obvious that with the guide,
pulley IV the shortest throw will be obtained, and with the pulleys III and II
gradually longer throws.
It is obvious that the crank of the shaft c may be replaced by an eccentric
upon which in this case, the pulley g would be loosely mounted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is;-
-
1. The herein described improvement in core-boring consisting in operating a
tubular percussion drill until the core becomes conical in consequence of the wear
of the inside of the drill, then replacing the drill by a fresh one, forcing an
ascending stream of water through the drill, and continuously shaking the drill,
substantially as described and for the purpose of having the core broken off by
the fresh drill and raised by the ascending stream of water without being jammed
by rubbish in the tubular rod.
2. The herein described improvement in core-boring, consisting in rapidly
reciprocating with a short throw a tubular percussion drill until the core becomes
conical in consequence of the wear of the inside of the drill, then replacing the
drill by a fresh one and forcing an ascending stream of water through the drill,
substantially as described.

page_text: 3. In a well boring rig, the combination with a derrick, of a revolving crank-
shaft or eccentric shaft journalled in the same, a pulley loosely mounted on the
crank pin or on the eccentric shaft, a guide pulley mounted upon the
top of the derrick, and a rope running from a fixed point of the
derrick above the crank or eccentric shaft round the pulley carried by this shaft
and the guide pulley of a tubular drill rod, a tubular bit having on its circular
cutting face radial cutting edges, which are outwardly extended on two diamet-
rically opposite portions of the said cutting face, reaming blades pivoted to the
bit, a tubing closed at its top and means for forcing water into the said tubing,
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
Dated the 16th day of March 1800
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant.