IMPROVEMENTS IN PNEUMATIC PUMPS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of‘Haseltine, Lake and Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PNEUMATIC PUMPS" to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to rotatory pumps for air, gas and other fluids, which,
operate by the rotation of a fluid mass in a round or oval casing. The rotation
causes the suction of air, gas, vapors or other fluids, which are compressed and
caused to pass into the interior of the casing.
I will describe the Invention with reference to the accompanying drawing in
which
Figure 1 is a vertical section of the said pump on the line B B Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a section on the line A A Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a modification, hereinafter described.
Figure 4 is a section on the line D D Figure 1.
The pump, which is represented in these figures by way of example, consists of a
hollow cylindrical' or oval casing A, in the interior of which is provided a segment B
by which a passage b, c, d, e, is formed.
In this passage, and opposite to the portion c d thereof, is a channel a through
which the air, gas or vapor is drawn by means of a stream of fluid F F' which
passes simultaneously along the inner periphery of the casing A and the
passage b, c, d, e compressing and pushing forward the said gas, air or vapor which
is drawn into the interior of the rotating fluid ring.
The continuous rotation of the fluid ring is effected by a wheel C having arms,
and which is supported by bearings in the covers of the casing A, it being driven
from the outside.
In the segment B, opposite the channel a, is formed a groove in order to cause
the gases drawn through the said channel to come more into contact with the
liquid at this place. To increase still more the surface of contact of the liquid and
the gases drawn in, diaphragms i, dividing the fluid ring into several portions, may
be arranged in the space bc of the passage, thus producing a very great surface for
the contact of the gases. This arrangement is represented in Figure 4.

page_text: In order to prevent the compressed gases from entering the passage b, c, d, e, the
segment B is provided with sharp edges at the places b and e. These edges divide
the fluid ring into two portions of which the interior portion F1 closes the openings
of the inlet passage and thus prevents the gases which tend to escape from the
interior of the casing, from passing back again. Besides this provision a disc C¹
cast in one piece with the wheel O, is arranged to prevent the air or gases making
their escape through the bearing H. The fluid circulating in the space existing
between this disc and the back cover A¹ equilibrates the expansion of the interior
air. If necessary, a stuffing box may be arranged for the shaft passing through
the cover of the casing.
To decrease the heat resulting from the compression of the air, the casing A may
have double walls, and cold water entering by the tube / and leaving by the tube
may be caused to circulate between the said walls.
In case a vacuum is to be produced by this air-pump, especially for steam-
engines or evaporating apparatus, the said pump may be modified as illustrated by
the vertical section in Figure 3. The gases or vapors are drawn in through the
passage a in consequence of a sufficiently rapid rotation of the wheel C; the vapors
äre condensed by water injected through the tube M and drawn in, together with
the condensed vapors and the permanent gases; the latter are then compressed and
forced into the interior of the casing, whence they enter the atmosphere through
the tangential tube N.
The advantages of the air pump herein before described are as follow:―That is to
say, the same mass of fluid circulating continually in the shape of an annulus
serves to simultaneously draw and compress the air, gas, vapor or the like. The
compressed air or gas instantly acquires in the space cd the velocity of the stream
of water which traverses the passage b c d e in proportion as its tension is greater
there than in the suction pipe a and the gases drawn in may be compressed to any
degree.
This rotatory air pump working by a jet of water is far more effective than the
known exhaust fans, and the ordinary jet pump, because there is not any loss in
the quantity of the water, or in the velocity.

page_text: I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PNEUMATIC PUMPS" and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to rotary pumps for air, gas, and other fluids, which
pumps operate by the rotation of a fluid mass occupying an annular space in a
round or oval casing.
The rotation of the said mass causes the suction of the air, gases, vapours or
other fluids, which are compressed and caused to rush into the interior of the
casing. The pump accordingly operates on the one hand to create a vacuum for
drawing in air, gases, vapours, etc, and on the other hand to compress the Quids
drawn in.
I will describe the invention, the principle of which I have set forth, with
reference to the accompanying drawing in which,
Figure 1 is a vertical section of the said pump on the line B B Figure 2.
Figure 2 is a section on the line a a Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a modification hereinafter described.
Figure 4 is a section on the line d, d Figure 1.
The pump which is represented in these figures by way of example consists of a
hollow cylindrical or oval casing A, in the interior of which is provided a segment B
by which a passage b c d e is formed.
In this passage, and opposite to the portion c d thereof, is a channel a through
which the air, gas or vapour is drawn by means of a stream of liquid F F¹ which
circulates along the inner periphery of the casing A and passes, at the same time,
through the passage b c d e, compressing and forcing the said gas, air or vapour
into the interior of the rotating fluid ring.
The continuous rotation of the liquid ring is effected by a wheel C having arms,
and which is supported by bearings in the covers of the casing A, it being driven
from the outside. In the segment B, opposite the channel a, is formed a groove in
order to cause the gases drawn through the said channel a to come more in contact
with the liquid at this place. To increase still more the surface of contact of the.
liquid and the gases drawn in, diaphragms i, dividing the liquid ring into several
portions may be arranged in the space bc of the passage, thus producing a very
great surface for the contact of the gases. This arrangement is represented in
Figure 4.
In order to prevent the compressed gases from entering the passage b c d e, the
segment B is provided with sharp edges b and e. These edges divide the liquid
ring into two portions of which the interior portion F1 covers the openings of the
passage at band and thus prevents the gases which tend to escape from the

page_text: interior of the casing, from passing back again. Moreover, a disc C¹ cast in one
piece with the wheel C is arranged to prevent the gases making their escape
through the joint of the bearing H. The liquid circulating in the space existing
between this disc and the front-wall A¹ equilibrates the pressure of the interior air.
If necessary, a stuffing box may be arranged for the shaft passing through the cover
of the casing.
To decrease the heat resulting from the compression of the air, the casing A may
have double walls or a jacket,jand cooling water entering by the tube k and leaving
by the tube may be caused to circulate through the said jacket.
In case a vacuum is to be produced by this air-pump, especially for steam
engines or evaporating apparatus, the said pump may be modified as illustrated by
the vertical section in Figure 3. The gases or vapours are drawn in through the
passage a in consequence (of a 'sufficiently rapid rotation of the wheel Č; the
vapours are condensed by water injected through the tube M and drawn in,
together with the condensed vapour and the permanent gases; the latter are then
compressed and forced into the interior of the casing, whence they enter the
atmosphere through the tangential tube N.
The advantages of the air pump hereinbefore described are, when compared with
an exhaust fan, as follows, that is to say, the same mass of fluid circulating
continually in the shape of a ring serves to simultaneously draw and compress, the
air, gas, vapour or the like. The compressed air or gas instantly acquires in the
space cd, the velocity of the stream of water which traverses the passages b c d e
in proportion as its tension is greater there than in suction-pipe a, so that the gases
drawn in can be compressed to any degree.
This rotatory air-pump operating with a stream of water is far more effective
than the known exhaust fans and the ordinary jet-pump, because there is not any
loss in the quantity of the water, or in the velocity.
Amongst other applications of this rotatory air-pump I name the following
1st It may serve for compressing the air, and use may be made of this compressed
air for all possible purposes.
2nd Producing a vacuum in a reservoir which is in communication with the
channel a.
3rd Condensing the exhaust steam of steam engines and the steam from
evaporating apparatus, especially that used in sugar manufactories.
4th Compressing the vapours in cooling apparatus which produces cold by the
evaporation of volatile chemical matters and by the subsequent condensation of the
vapours produced.
5th It may serve as a blowing machine by drawing atmospheric air through the
channel a and forcing it, in a compressed state, into an air-vessel for employing it
for any of the purposes for which compressed air is used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First A rotary pump operating with a stream of fluid, and consisting of a
circular or oval casing A, with or without a jacket, an internal segment B having
sharp edges or ends, and a wheel C having arms, for drawing, compressing, blowing,
producing a vacuum, or condensing vapours, as described with reference to the
accompanying drawing.
Second In the cylindrical or oval casing A of a rotatory pump operating with a
stream of fluid, the arrangement of the segment B forming a channel b c d e and
having a groove opposite the suction-channel a, the extremities of the said segment
forming a sharp edge, in combination with the wheel C having arms, and the
disc C, the channel b, c, d, e being provided with partitions or diaphragms i, as
described with reference to the accompanying drawing, and for the purpose
specified.

page_text: Third The special arrangement of the rotatory pump, operating with a stream of
fluid for producing a vacuum, with the suction-channel a carrying an injecting
water-pipe M.for condensing the vapours, as described with reference to Figure 3
of the accompanying drawing and for the purpose specified.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.