IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING PRESSES
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Dominique Antoine Casalonga, of 19, Rue des
Halles, Paris, in the Republic of France, Civil Engineer, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING PRESSES."-A communica-
tion from Jean Baptiste Janiot, residing at No. 131, Rue de
Vaugirard, Paris, France, Mechanist.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Dominique Antoine
Casalonga at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 18th February 1875.
I, DOMINIQUE ANTOINE CASALONGA, 19, Rue des Halles, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING PRESSES," communicated
to me by Jean Baptiste Janiot, a person resident at No. 131, Rue de
Vaugirard, Paris, France, Mechanist, to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to a printing press which, although rotatory, is
so constructed that the ordinary type being imposed in a flat frame may
be used, or a lithographic flattened stone.

page_text: g
The accompanying Drawing represents a press in two colours for
typography. It consists of two frames carrying a large cylinder turning
on a shaft V. This cylinder is provided with two flat parts parallel to
its axis, on which forms a and b are fixed. A smaller cylinder C in the
proportion of 1 to 4 with the circumference of the large one engages
with the latter, of which when rotating it passes over all the periphery.
The blanket is placed on the circumference of this small cylinder. In a
hollow part are pivoted clasps c, drawing the sheets arranged on a
table D and small fingers e, by means of which the sheet when printed
is detached, raised, and guided on to arms f of the receiver. The bearings.
of this cylinder are fitted in two slides 9 sliding in the frames towards
the centre of the large cylinder; these bearings are kept in position
between two screws, so as to control the pressure the same as in an
ordinary press. The cylinder is supported by the ways rolling over
those of the large cylinder. The slides are provided with rollers i, on
which cams J, J, fixed to the large cylinder press, and cause the small
cylinder to compress the type sufficiently. The forms are inked by
rollers k, k', the first, k, being for one colour, and the latter, k³, for
another. These rollers are provided at each end with a friction roller
rotating over the ways l, l, m, m. The rollers / rotate on the ways 1, 1,
and thus touch the form a and the inking table n. On this same part
of the cylinder the ways m, m, being more elevated keep the rollers k¹
from touching the form a and the table n. These ways on the other
part of the cylinder, that is to say, on the form 6 and the table o, being
inversely some higher some lower allow the rollers ¹ to touch and
raise the rollers k. Two ink blocks p, p¹, each filled with different ink,
supply by means of the taking rollers q, q', the ink to each of the tables
by a similar movement to that of ordinary presses. The red stroke on
the vertical axis represents the cylinders as the printing is going on.
It is evident that by increasing the diameter of the large cylinder
three or more flattened parts may be formed, and therefore three or more
colours may be printed, the ink blocks and rollers being necessarily
added without modifying the other parts of the machine.
By making a hollow in the flat part of the large cylinder wherein to
key a stone this machine could be used for lithography by adding
damping rollers, rolling over the stone, and raised by higher ways over
the inking tables.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Dominique Antoine Casalonga in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 18th August 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DOMINIQUE
ANTOINE CASALONGA, of 19, Rue des Halles, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Civil Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the Eighteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in the
thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Dominique Antoine Casalonga,
Her special licence that I, the said Dominique Antoine Casalonga, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Dominique Antoine Casalonga, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for " IMPROVEMENTS IN PRINTING PRESSES," a com-
munication from Jean Baptiste Janiot, a person resident at 131, Rue de
Vaugirard, Paris, France, Mechanist, upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Dominique Antoine Casalonga, my executors.
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Dominique Antoine Casalonga, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement and accompanying Drawing (that is
to say) :-
My Invention consists of a printing press which has revolving
cylinders, and is so constructed as to employ either ordinary printing
types arranged in a flat " forme," or flat lithographic stones.

page_text: The accompanying Drawing is in illustration of my Invention, and
shews a press for printing in two colours.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section, and Figure 2 a transverse
vertical section. A, B, are frames carrying a large cylinder which
revolves upon the axis V. This cylinder has two parts of its circum-
ference parallel to its axis flattened and carrying the printing "formes "
a and b. A smaller cylinder C of a diameter properly proportioned in
the ratio of about 1 to 4 to that of the large one is geared with the
latter, and follows the varying shape of its circumference in their
rotation. The small cylinder C carries upon its circumference the
blanket, and in a part of it which is cut away are arranged the gripers
or clips c, which grasp the sheets of paper gauged on the table D, the
small fingers e serving to detach the sheet after the impression has been
made, and to remove and direct it upon the vibrating arms ƒ of the
delivering apparatus. The cylinder C has its bearings adjusted in
guides 9, 9', which can slide in the frames A, B, in a direction to or from
the centre of the large cylinder. These bearings are held between two
screws, by which the pressure may be regulated, as in the ordinary press,
and the cylinder O is supported by ribs or guides which roll upon those
on the large cylinder, and the sliding guides 9, 9', carry friction
rollers i, ¹, upon which the cams J, J¹, which are fixed to the large
cylinder, press when required so as to draw the cylinder C down with
sufficient force to print an impression. The "formes are inked by the
rollers k, k', those marked k by ink of one colour, and those marked k¹
by ink of the other colour. These rollers are provided at each end with a
friction wheel running upon the rails or guides 1, l, m, m¹. The rollers k
run upon the guides 1, 1, and thus touch the " forme a and the inking
table n, and at this part of the cylinder the guides m, and m¹, being
of greater height prevent the rollers k¹ from touching the "forme
and inking table n. On the other part of the cylinder, that is to say,
over the forme 6 and the inking table o the relative position of the
guides is altered, the one set being higher and the other set lower, so
that the rollers touch the forme, whilst the rollers k are elevated above
it. The two ink holders p, p', each filled with an ink of different colour,
supply (by means of the pressers q, q³,) ink to each of the tables by
means of mechanism similar to that used in ordinary printing machinery.
The red line shewn in Figure 1 shews the cylinders in the middle of an
impression.
"
"
"
a

page_text: The diameter of the large cylinder may be increased so as to allow
three or four or more flat surfaces to be formed upon its circumference,
instead of two, as shewn in the Drawing, and in such case three, four, or
other corresponding number of colours may be used, the system of the
machine remaining the same, and the requisite ink holders and rollers
being added.
Moreover, by making the flat surfaces upon the large cylinder hollow,
so that suitable stones may be wedged in, the machine can be used for
lithographic purposes, damping rollers being added to it, which roll
over the stones, but are raised by the elevated guides from the inking
tables.
Having now described my Invention, and the manner in which it is to
be performed, I claim,―
The cylinder having plane surfaces carrying printing "formes" or
stones, substantially as described and shewn in the Drawing.
Also the method of pressing down the small cylinder whilst an im-
pression is being printed by means of friction rollers upon the bearings
which carry it, which are actuated by suitable cams attached to the large
cylinder, substantially as described and shewn in the Drawing.
Also the arrangement of clips which take the sheet from the feeding
table, and deliver it to the receiver after it has received its impression,
without the use of cords or tapes.
In witness whereof, I, the said Dominique Antoine Casalonga, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of August,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-
five