IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR AND SACCHARINE SOLUTIONS
Year: 1852

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Joseph Brandeis, of No. 92, Great Tower
Street, in the City of London, Sugar Refiner, for the Invention' of
." IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR AND SACCHARINE
SOLUTIONS."
I
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Brandeis
at the Office; of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 1st October 1852.
-I
I, JOSEPH, BRANDEIS, of No. 92, Great Tower Street, in the City
of London, Sugar Refiner, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Inventión for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR AND
SACCHARINE SOLUTIONS," to be as follows:-
e
My improvement. consists in removing lead from saccharine solu
tions by the use of charcoal. When sugar or saccharine solutions
contain lead, having been: defecated. with subacetate, hydrate of lead,
or any other mode: whereby lead is retained in solution, the same; is
passed through a bed of animal or other kind of charcoal whereby the
lead is removed. I prefer animal charcoal which has been previously
.

page_text: immersed in dilute acid, and then washed with water until the excess of
acid has been removed. I do not confine myself to this particular
treatment; what I claim is, the use of all kinds of charcoal, such as
animal, peat, or wood charcoal, for the removal of lead from saccharine
I do not claim this Invention for removing the coloring
matter of sugar, because animal charcoal has been used for that pur-
pose; but I clain the Invention for the application of it in removing
lead, for which animal and other kinds of charcoal have not been used.
solutions.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
and of the before-mentioned Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed
by the said Joseph Brandeis in the Great Seal Patent Office,
on the 30th June 1853.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I,
JOSEPH BRANDEIS, of No. 92, Great Tower Street, in the City of
London, Sugar Refiner, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the First day of October, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-two, in the sixteenth year of Her reign, did,
for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Joseph Brandeis, Her especial license that I, the said Joseph Brandeis,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Joseph Brandeis, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR AND SACCHARINE SOLUTIONS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Joseph Brandeis,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within nine calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Joseph Brandeis, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:
My Invention consists in removing lead salts from sugar or sac-
charine solutions by filtering the same through a bed or beds of
granulated charcoal. I take sugar or saccharine solutions which
contain lead, having been defecated with a solution of basic acetate
of lead, saccharite of lead, or any other mode whereby lead is
retained in saccharine solutions, and pass the same through a bed
or beds of granulated animal or other kind of charcoal, such as is
used in the filtration of sugars. I prefer using animal charcoal pre-
viously immersed in dilute acid, and then burned in the usual way
in a charcoal retort, but other kinds of granulated charcoal, such as
animal, peat, or wood charcoal, will answer for the removal of lead
from saccharine solutions. I will now describe the manner in which
I conduct the process for sugar refining. The raw sugar is dissolved
in water in the usual manner by means of steam or otherwise until
the liquor marks 28 degrees on Beaumes saccharometer, and at a
temperature of 180° Fahrenheit. I then add a solution of basic acetate
of lead (well agitating the liquor during that time) in such quantity
that a portion of the saccharine liquor, when filtered, gives no con-
siderable precipitate on the further addition of the lead salt employed,
the quantity of the solution of basic acetate of lead required to be used
varying according to the quality of the sugar, the liquor is then
filtered through bags or otherwise, and when quite bright and clear is
afterwards filtered through the above-named beds of charcoal. It is
then boiled and crystallized in the usual manner. I would further add
that when a saccharide of lead is used, the same, when mixed with the
sugar or saccharine solutions, should then be boiled for a few minutes,
filtered bright, as before stated, and passed through washed animal
charcoal. In employing the saccharide or basic acetate of lead in the
treatment of the juices from beet root, or any substances containing
saccharine juices, I add carbonate or saccharide of lime to neutralize
any acids that may exist in the juices, and, after heating the same to

page_text: 180,Falirenheit,
add the lead and adopt the same treatment as
before described. The usual lead tests, such as sulphuretted hydrogen..
water, && are employed so as to be certain that all the lead
from the saccharine solution has been remoyed by the charcoal, I do
not claim the use of lead either as a saccharide or acetate for the
defecation of sugar solutions, nor do I claim the use of granulated
charcoal for, removing the coloring matter of saccharine solutions, the
same having been used heretofore for that purpose, nor do I claim
the use of powdered charcoal in any of the above processes; but I
hereby declare that I claim as my Invention the removing the salts
of lead from sugar or saccharine solutions by filtering such solutions
through a bed or beds of granulated charcoal, as above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Brandeis, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of June One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-three.
55)
Signed, sealed, and delivered,
in the presence of
HENRY JOHNSON,
Clerk to Messrs. Tatham. & Co.
Sol, Austin Friars.
JOS. BRANDEIS. (L.S.)