IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM JET APPARATUS AND IN AIR CONDENSERS
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Ernst Körting, of Hanover, in the German
Empire, Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM JET
APPARATUS AND IN AIR CONDENSERS."
Scaled the 1st August 1873, and dated the 19th February 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Ernst Körting at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
19th February 1873.
I, ERNST KÖRTING, of Hanover, in the German Empire, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
Steam Jet ApparATUS AND IN AIR CONDENSERS," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to certain improvements in steam jet apparatus
for moving or actuating fluids for the purposes of rendering their.
working more economical and effective for various industrial and useful
purposes.
Steam jet apparatus already in use work in the following manner :—
The steam blows out of the steam nozzle in a certain direction into
another nozzle called mixing nozzle, the front opening of which where-

page_text: into the steam blows is in communication with the fluid to be moved.
The smallest sectional area of this second nozzle must be larger than the
discharge area of the steam nozzle. The jet of steam blowing out of
the steam nozzle will drive forward the fluid in the mixing nozzle and
become mixed with it and impart to it its own velocity, so that at the
other end of the mixing nozzle a mixture of steam and fluid is dis-
charged with a velocity greater or less according to the pressure of
steam used and the proportion between the sectional area of the steam
discharge and the smallest area of the mixing nozzle.
If a certain counterpressure has to be overcome by the fluid moved by
the steam jet, a diverging tube is fitted to the discharge opening of the
mixing nozzle, in which tube the velocity gradually diminishes and is
converted into pressure. This counterpressure, however, must always be
somewhat less than the pressure necessary to impart to the fluid a
velocity as high as it has obtained at the end of the mixing nozzle
through the action of the steam jet. The steam in driving the fluid
forward in the mixing nozzle produces a partial vacuum in the first part
of the nozzle, and by the action of this vacuum the fluid outside the nozzle
flows in continuously, and mixing with the steam jet is driven forward
and discharged out of the mixing nozzle against a certain counter-
pressure if necessary.
The counterpressure which the fluid is to overcome, and the quantity
of the fluid moved will depend on the pressure of the steam used and on
the proportion between the discharge area of the steam nozzle and the
smallest sectional area of the mixing nozzle, supposing always the same
size of apparatus.
Now the object of my present Invention is to improve the construction
of steam jets mainly in order to cause them to work more economically
and be capable of moving different quantities of fluid against the same
counterpressure with proportionately the same consumption of steam,
and to render its delivery or discharge adjustable or controllable without
impairing the economical effect. For this purpose I use two or more
mixing nozzles placed one behind the other in the same central line, each
consecutive one increasing in area in relation to the preceding one, and
the front opening of each mixing nozzle into which the preceding one
discharges is in communication with the fluid to be moved. The steam
blowing out of the steam nozzle mixes in the first mixing nozzle only

page_text: with a small amount of fluid, and communicates to this smaller body a
very high velocity, with which the steam and fluid mixed discharge from
the first nozzle into the second mixing nozzle, where a fresh body of
fluid is drawn in and propelled, the driving jet diminishing its velocity
additionally by accelerating the fluid. This process is repeated in every
other mixing nozzle, the mixture of steam and fluid blowing out of the
preceding mixing nozzle always serving as a driving jet to a new body of
fluid in the following mixing nozzle, and thus the velocity of the steam
jet is gradually reduced, the velocity of the fluid being at the same time
gradually accelerated, whereas in the first described simple or known
shape of apparatus the steam jet has to accelerate the whole body of
fluid at once. At the discharge of the last mixing nozzle a diverging
tube is attached to convert the velocity obtained into pressure again if
required.
In order to adapt the apparatus for moving different quantities of fluid
with economy, the mixing nozzles above described are all separated from
each other, and each one is provided with a separate communication
with the fluid to be moved. The communication can be established or
interrupted either by self-acting valves opening in the direction of or
leading to the respective mixing nozzle, or by valves, cocks, slides, &c.,
moveable by hand or otherwise, according to convenience and circum-
stances.
Suppose the apparatus be made for the maximum quantity of air, and
that the velocity of the mixture in the narrowest part of the last mixing
nozzle were just sufficient to overcome the counterpressure, it is evident
that the quantity of fluid moved being reduced, and also the steam being
reduced proportionally, the velocity of the mixture filling up the last
mixing nozzle will also be reduced in the same proportion; this velocity
being reduced it cannot continue to overcome the counterpressure and
the fluid instead of being discharged against the counterpressure will
blow back through the front opening of the last mixing nozzle; the same
effect will be found in the last but one mixing nozzle, if the velocity of
the mixture blowing out of its discharge be less than necessary to
overcome the counterpressure, and so on until that mixing nozzle where
this velocity is high enough to overcome the counterpressure. From
this nozzle to the first one all mixing nozzles would draw in the fluid,
and from this nozzle to the last one all mixing nozzles would blow back.
the mixture through the front opening, but this blowing back must. be.

page_text: avoided. This is easily effected by providing each mixing nozzle with a
separate connection with the fluid, and fitting a self-acting valve into
this connection, which allows the fluid to enter into the respective
mixing nozzles but does not allow it to blow back, or by fitting therein
a valve, cock, slide, or similar contrivance.
Self-acting valves may be arranged in various manners, and these are
best applied if the fluid is pure and the other means mentioned when
the fluid is mixed with impurities (coal gas, &c.,) as these would make
the valves bind or stick. The apparatus is reduced in size for delivering
less work by putting all those nozzles out of action, of which nozzles the
sectional area is too large for the work required.
When this apparatus is applied for blowers for smiths' fires and
furnaces generally the water condensed must be separated from the
steam and mixed with the air. This is done by combining with the.
blower a special drying chamber, in which the air has to pass slowly
through a thick stratum of material, such, for instance, as melted cokes,
gravel, &c., which allows ample passage to the air, but offers the same
large surface to deposit the water. A simple construction of this
chamber consists in placing a grate in an iron or wooden chest some
distance from the bottom, the chest being filled almost to the top with
the above material. The air enters the chest below the grate and leaves
it at the top.
The size of the chest should suit the quantity of air to
pass through it. It is important that it be large enough to allow the air
to pass the drying material with as little velocity as possible. The water
deposited will drop from the material and escape from the chest at
bottom through a special opening. This water being hot and freed from
stone may usefully be applied for feeding the boiler.
This apparatus may also be applied to non-condensing engines fitting
it to the exhaust pipe of the same for the purpose of condensing the
exhaust steam blowing through the steam nozzle of the apparatus by the
air drawn in and mixing with the steam in the different mixing nozzles.
The steam will be all condensed to water, and this will be deposited in a
drying chamber as above described. This water being hot and free of
all stone will be used again for filling the boiler and is worked over and
over again, whereby deposits in the boiler are avoided and engine power
may be used where water is difficult to obtain. The hot air leaving the

page_text: drying chamber may also be used with advantage by leading it under the
grate of the boiler, and it will be an excellent substitute for the high
chimney used for the draft of the boiler.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Ernst Körting in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 19th August 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ERNST
KÖRTING, of Hanover, in the German Empire, Engineer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Nineteenth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-sixth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Ernst Körting, Her special licence that I, the said
Ernst Körting, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Ernst Korting, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should
and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM JET APPARATUS AND IN
AIR CONDENSERS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
Ernst Körting, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and
in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to
be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Ernst Körting, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying
Drawings and to the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to
say :-
The Invention relates to certain improvements in steam jet apparatus

page_text: working more economical and effective for various industrial and useful
purposes.
.
Steam jet apparatus already in use work in the following manner:—
The steam blows out of..the steam nozzle in a certain direction into
another nozzle called mixing nozzle, the front opening of which where-
into the steam blows is in communication with the fluid to be moved.
the smallest sectional area of this second nozzle must be larger than
the discharge area of the steam nozzle. The jet of steam blowing out
of the steam nozzle will drive forward the fluid in the mixing nozzle
and become mixed with it and impart to it its own velocity, so that
at the other end of the mixing nozzle a mixture of steam and fluid is
discharged with a velocity greater or less according to the pressure of
steam used, and the proportion between the sectional area of the steam
discharge and the smallest area of the mixing nozzle.
If a certain counterpressure has to be overcome by the fluid moved
by the steam jet a diverging tube is fitting to the discharge opening
of the mixing nozzle, in which tube the velocity gradually diminishics
and is converted into pressure. This counterpressure however must
always be somewhat less than the pressure necessary to impart to the
fluid a velocity as high as it has obtained at the end of the mixing
nozzle through the action of the steam jet. The steam in driving
the fluid forward in the mixing nozzle produces a partial vacuum in
the first part of the nozzle, and by the action of this vacuum the fluid
outside the nozzle flows in continuously and mixing with the steam jet
is driven forward and discharged out of the mixing nozzle against a
certain counterpressure if necessary.
The counterpressure which the fluid is able to overcome, and the
quantity of fluid moved will depend on the pressure of the steam used,
and on the proportion between the discharge area of the steam nozzle
and the smallest sectional area of the mixing nozzle, supposing always
the same size of apparatus.
Now the object of my present Invention is to improve the con-
struction of steam jets, mainly in order to cause them to work more
economically, and be capable of moving different quantities of fluid
against the same counterpressure with proportionately the same con-
sumption of steam, and to render its delivery or discharge adjustable
or controllable without impairing. the economical effect. For this

page_text: purpose I use two or more mixing nozzles placed one behind the
other in the same central line, each consecutive one increasing in
area in relation to the preceding one, and the front opening of each
mixing nozzle into which the preceding one discharges is in com-
munication with the fluid to be moved. The steam blowing out of
the steam nozzle mixes in the first mixing nozzle only with a small
amount of fluid, and communicates to this smaller body a very high
velocity with which the steam and fluid mixed discharge from the
first nozzle into the second mixing nozzle, where a fresh body of fluid
is drawn in and propelled, the driving jet diminishing its velocity
additionally by accelerating the fluid. This process is repeated in
every other mixing nozzle, the mixture of steam and fluid blowing
out of the preceding mixing nozzle always serving as a driving jet
to a new body of fluid in the following mixing nozzle, and thus the
velocity of the steam jet is gradually reduced, the velocity of the
fluid being at the same time gradually accelerated, whereas in the
first-described simple or known shape of apparatus the steam jet has
to accelerate the whole body of fluid at once. At the discharge
opening of the last mixing nozzle a diverging tube is attached to convert
the velocity obtained into pressure again if required.
In order to adapt the apparatus for moving different quantities of
fluid with economy the mixing nozzles above described are all separated
from each other, and each one is provided with a separate communication
with the fluid to be moved. The communication can be established or
interrupted either by self-acting valves opening in the direction of or
leading to the respective mixing nozzles, or by valves, cocks, slides, &c.,
moveable by hand or otherwise, according to convenience and circum-
stances.
Suppose the apparatus be made for the maximum quantity of air,
and that the velocity of the mixture in the narrowest part of the last
mixing nozzle were just sufficient to overcome the counterpressure,
it is evident that the quantity of fluid moved being reduced and
also the steam being reduced, proportionately, the velocity of the
mixture filling up the last mixing nozzle will also be reduced in the
same proportion; this velocity being reduced, it cannot continue to
overcome the counterpressure, and the fluid instead of being discharged
against the counterpressure will blow back through the front opening
of the last mixing nozzle; the same effect. will be found in the last

page_text: •
but one mixing nozzle, if the velocity of the mixture blowing out
of its discharge opening be less than necessary to overcome the counter-
pressure, and so on until that mixing nozzle where this velocity is
high enough to overcome the counterpressure. From this nozzle to
the first one all mixing nozzles would draw in the fluid, and from¨
this nozzle to the last one all mixing nozzles would blow back the
mixture through the front opening, but this blowing back must be
cavoided; this is effected by providing each mixing nozzle with a
separate connection with the fluid, and fitting a self-acting valve into
this connection which allows the fluid to enter into the respective mixing
nozzles, but does not allow it to blow back; or by fitting therein a valve,
cock, slide, or similar contrivance.
r
Self-acting valves may be arranged in various manners, and these are
best applied if the fluid is pure, and the other means mentioned are best
applied when the fluid is mixed with impurities (coal gas, etc.) as these
would make the valves bind or stick. The apparatus is reduced in size
for delivering less work by putting all those nozzles out of action, of
which nozzles the sectional area is too large for the work required.
When this apparatus is applied for blowers for smiths' fires and
furnaces generally the water condensed must be separated from the
steam and mixed with the air; this is done by combining with the blower
a special drying chamber in which the air has to pass slowly through a
thick stratum of material (such for instance as melted coke, gravel, &c).,
which allows ample passage to the air, but offers the same large surface
to deposit the water. A simple construction of this chamber consists in
placing a grate in an iron or wooden chest some distance from the
bottom, the chest being filled almost to the top with the above material,
the air enters the chest below the grate and leaves it at the top. The
size of the chest should suit the quantity of air to pass through it. It is
important that it be large enough to allow the air to pass the drying
material with as little velocity as possible. The water deposited will
drop from the material and escape from the chest at bottom through a
special opening. This water being hot and freed from stone may
usefully be applied for feeding the boiler.
This apparatus may also be applied to non-condensing engines, fitting
it to the exhaust pipe of the same for the purpose of condensing the
exhaust steam blowing through the steam nozzle of the apparatus

page_text: by the air drawn in and mixing with the steam in the different mixing
nozzles. The steam will be all condensed to water, and this will be
deposited in a drying chamber as above described. This water being hot
and free of all stone will be used again for filling the boiler, and is
worked over and over again, whereby deposits in the boiler are avoided,
and engine power may be used where water is difficult to obtain. The
hot air leaving the drying chamber may also be used with advantage by
leading it under the grate of the boiler, and it will be an excellent sub-
stitute for the high chimney used for the draft of the boiler.
In order that my Invention may be fully understood I proceed to
describe the manner of performing the same more particularly with
reference to the accompanying Drawings.
If there are many blowers to be worked in the same room, such as is
the case generally in large forges, they give occasion for employment of
long steam piping in which always a certain loss of power will occur by
the condensation of the steam. This condensation will be entirely
avoided by placing one large steam jet blower next the boiler, and
conducting the air through pipes to the different places where it is
wanted; these large pipes however are very high in price, and are
therefore taken generally too small in size for the quantity of air passing
through them, and this is also a source of great loss in power. Both
difficulties are avoided by placing one steam jet blower next the boiler
which draws in but very little air, and delivers it into the piping under
very high pressure. This compressed air then serves as a driving jet in
other jet blowers fitted up at whatever place they are wanted; the main
pipes for the air may be small in size or sectional area because the air is
compressed, and condensation cannot occur because the medium of
power conducted in the pipes is not compressed steam but compressed
air.
In order to do away with the last rest or remaining portion of steam
dissolved in the air which leaves the steam jet blower it is required to
cool it down to atmospheric temperature; this may be done by a
surface cooler of any ordinary construction and shape. After being
cooled the air has to pass through the drying chest or chamber which is
supplied with a porous material in which the moisture still retained by
the air is deposited. If there are two jet blowers combined, such as
above mentioned, it is convenient for reducing this cooler in size to place
it between the first and second blowers, and to cool only the compressed

page_text: air delivered by the first blower. As this air is heated to a high extent
it requires but a small cooling surface to reduce its temperature con-
siderably, and as the quantity of air is small the sectional area of the
pipes forming the cooler may be small also; the compressed air which is
cooled down considerably by these means passes into the drying chest
where all its moisture is deposited, and it then enters the second blower
where it draws in a further large quantity of fresh air by which the
temperature of the air finally delivered is reduced almost to atmospheric
temperature, and the air itself does not contain perceptibly or sensibly
more humidity or vapour than does the surrounding atmosphere. The
fresh air drawn in by the second blower may be used with advantage for
cooling the compressed air delivered by the first blower, making it cir-
culate outside the cooler on its way to the second blower in a direction
opposite to that which the compressed hot air takes inside the cooler.
In this manner the whole heat of the steam used is again found in the
air finally delivered, and this notwithstanding that all the moisture and
vapour have been extracted from the air. When this arrangement is
employed in places where a great many single blowers are required it is
convenient to employ one single compresser and cooler for all of them
near the boiler, and to conduct the compressed cold air by means of
pipes to those places where a blast or fan is required; and here the second
blower is fitted, it being of suitable dimensions according to circum-
stances, and worked by the jet of compressed air. In this manner
condensation of steam is avoided because the pipes only convey com-
pressed air, and the size of the main pipes may be comparatively small
because the air is compressed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a single blower with the drying
chest. a is the steam nozzle; b¹, 63, 63, are the mixing nozzles in which
the steam jet is mixed with the air or gas drawn in, these nozzles are
placed one behind the other in the main body, each being fitted with
four lugs or wings that keep them central, and at the same time keep
them immoveable against the following:-c, c, are openings of any
convenient shape; they are formed in the main body of the blower for
admitting the air or gas drawn in to the mixing nozzles. f is the
diverging tube; d is the drying chest or chamber. It is fitted or supplied
with a porous material of a granular nature placed on a grid or grating;

page_text: e is the discharge opening of the air in the lid of the drying chest; g is
the water outlet at the bottom of the drying chest.
The apparatus works as follows:-The steam discharging with great
velocity out of the small steam nozzle into the first mixing nozzle b¹,
which is of larger sectional area than the area of the steam nozzle, mixes
with the air or gas in the nozzle, and imparts its velocity to it, at the
same time drawing in continuously fresh supplies of air at the upper
end of the mixing nozzle, and forcing such air with great velocity out
of the other end into the next mixing nozzle 2. The jet issuing from
the nozzle b' acts just in the same manner in the nozzle 2 as the original
steam jet in the nozzle 0', drawing in fresh air or gas and blowing it into
the nozzle b³, and so on, according to the number of mixing nozzles used.
In the same proportion as the quantity of air or gas drawn in increases
with each succeeding mixing nozzle the velocity of the mixture becomes
reduced. The steam is condensed entirely or partially by the cold air
or gas, and reduced or condensed to liquid and vapour, the water remains
directly on the bottom of the drying chest or chamber, the vapour is
deposited in the porous material over the grate and returns also in the
form of liquid or water to the bottom of the drying chest or chamber,
and both leave it through the hole and pipe.g. The air or gas having
passed through the grate, and the porous material upon it, leaves the
chest through the opening e. This simple apparatus may also be used
with great advantage as an air condenser with steam engines. Instead
of fresh steam the exhaust steam of the engine blows out of the steam
nozzle of the apparatus and draws in cold air, in the same manner
becoming condensed also to water, which is deposited in the drying
chest; and the water may be used with great economy for feeding the
boiler again, as this water is free from stones or like impurities, and is
in a somewhat heated state.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of a blower constructed for varying
quantities of air. The same letters represent similar parts of con-
struction as in Figure 1. The last mixing nozzles b³, b, have separate
communications with the air or gas to be drawn in; and these com-
munications are fitted with self-acting valves of any convenient
construction opening to the interior of the apparatus, but not allowing
any air to return through the openings they cover. The working of
this apparatus is substantially the same as explained with reference to
Figure 1, only in case of the quantity of air or gas drawn in, and

page_text: consequently also the quantity of steam having to be reduced, and the
counterpressure in the tube fremaining invariable, then the steam power
would not be sufficient to impart the necessary velocity to the air to
produce a vacuum or partial vacuum, also in the last mixing nozzles ;
and instead of a partial vacuum, a certain pressure will exist in these
nozzles, and the compressed air would blow out of the openings instead
of passing into the diverging tube if this were not made impossible by
the valves covering them.
Figure 3 is a sectional elevation of a blower constructed specially for
use as an exhauster in gas works. The same letters as in Figure 2
represent similar parts of construction. The last mixing nozzles also
have separate communications with the gas to be drawn in, but as
self-acting valves would easily stick or become jammed through the
effect of the tar contained in the gas the shutting and opening of these
communications is performed by means of a cylindrical slides worked
by a rack and pinion. When the consumption of gas is small, as is the
case in summer, the slide is moved up, and communication is closed
between the last mixing nozzles and the gas, at the same time the steam
supply is reduced by screwing down the spindle moving in the steam.
nozzle. When the consumption of gas increases the slide is depressed,
and one or more of the last mixing nozzles is or are brought into action,
the steam area being increased at the same time by screwing back the
steam spindle. The general working of the apparatus is the same as
described in reference to Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a sectional elevation shewing a combination of two jet
blowers with a drying chest and cooler between them. The same letters
of reference represent similar parts of construction as in Figure 1, only
the capital letters relate to the second blower and the small letters to the
first blower. k is the first or compressing blower; K the second blower.
a, b', &c., are the nozzles of the first blower k, and c the air openings;
A, B, B, &c., are the nozzles of the second blower, and C, C, the air
openings thereof. h, h, is the cooler, which may be of any ordinary
construction, but in the instance represented it is a worm or spiral coil
of pipes. The working is as follows:-The steam jet draws a com-
paratively small quantity of air into the blower.k, but because the area
of the steam nozzle a is large in comparison with the bore or area of the
diverging tube f this air is compressed to a high degree, and it is also
very much heated. This high temperature is reduced by passing the air

page_text: .
through the cooler h, the outside surface of which may always be kept
moist or wet; the evaporation of this moisture produces a highly cooling
effect. The compressed air having passed the cooler is conveyed into
the drying chest, already described in reference to Figure 1, which it
enters at the bottom thereof and deposits its moisture and water in the
material contained in such chest. It leaves the chest at the top and
enters the second blower K through the nozzle A, which draws in a
further large quantity of fresh air and forces it through the diverging
tube F in the same manner as described in reference to Figure 1. The
water deposited in the chest d quits the same from the bottom thereof,
and may be used directly for keeping the cooler h moist on its outside
surface, and for cooling the air inside by its evaporation in the open air.
The effect of both blowers combined is the same as that of only one with
a steam nozzle equal in area to that of the first blower, and with the
bore of the diverging tube equal to that of the second blower.
Figure 5 is a section shewing a modification of this arrangement of
two combined blowers similar to Figure 4, only in this modification the
air drawn in by the second blower serves by being caused to pass over
the surface of the cooler for the compressed air of the first blower to
cool the hot compressed air, being finally heated itself. In this manner
the whole heat of the working steam is again utilized, and is found con-
tained in the air when finally delivered, and notwithstanding this the air
is quite free from vapour or moisture. The same letters of reference
shew similar or corresponding parts to those of Figure 4. The cooler
is here arranged as a surface condenser with horizontal pipes.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim as con-
stituting my said Invention,-
First. The arrangement and employment of steam jet blowers in
combination with a drying chest or chamber for depositing the water
and moisture which the air or gas contains through the condensation
of the working steam jet, substantially as described in reference to
Figure 1.
Second. The construction and use of steam jet blowers, single or com-
5 bined, with a drying chest or chamber as air condensers for steam
ulained in reference to Figure 1.

page_text: Third. The construction and use of jet blowers with a number or series
of mixing nozzles, through which the jet is driven with the air or gas to
be drawn in each successive nozzle, being of larger sectional area than
the one preceding, and some of them, or all, having separate or inde-
pendent communications with the air, such communications being
provided with valves or other mechanical means for opening or shutting
those communications, substantially as explained in reference to Figures
2 and 3.
Fourth. The combination of two jet blowers, one worked by a steam
jet and serving to compress a small quantity of air, and the second
worked by the compressed air delivered by the first and serving to draw
in and force a further quantity of air, as described.
Fifth. The combination of two jet blowers, as above set forth, with
an interposed surface cooler for cooling the hot air delivered by the first
blower, substantially as explained in reference to Figures 4 and 5.
In witness whereof, I, the said Ernst Körting, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of August, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.
Witness,
E. HOKLERS.
E. KÖRTING. (L.S.)