Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 3rd Sept., 1886.
Complete Left, 3rd June, 1887.
Complete Accepted, 2nd Sept., 1887.
I EVERARD HESKETH of Dartford in the County of Kent Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this Invention to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to machines for producing cold by compressing cooling and
expanding air.
It is important in such machines to deprive the air before expansion of as much
moisture as possible. In machines as at present made some moisture is separated in
the coolers but still a considerable amount of moisture is carried over in mechanical
suspension in the air after it leaves the coolers and it is the object of my Invention to
effect the separation of this moisture from the air. For this purpose I cause the
compressed air after it leaves the coolers and before it reaches the expansion cylinders
to pass into a vessel preferably of cylindrical form and placed vertically the air
entering preferably tangentially to the interior of the vessel and near its lower end
and the outlet for the air from the said vessel being at or towards its upper end. The
said vessel may be made either with or without guide vanes or analogous appliances
the object being to cause the air to take a helical or circular path through the vessel.
During the progress of the air through the vessel moisture held in mechanical
suspension by the said air will be thrown against the sides of the vessel and will fall
down them to the bottom where it can be discharged by a drain cock and any water
accumulating at the bottom of the vessel may be guarded from the impact of the
incoming air by a false bottom to the vessel.
Dated this 3rd day of September 1886.
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Agent for the said Everard Hesketh.

page_text: I EVERARD HESKETH of Dartford in the County of Kent Engineer do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:
My Invention relates to machines for producing cold by compressing then cooling
and then expanding air.
It is important in such machines to deprive the air before expansion of as much
moisture as possible. In machines as at present made some moisture is separated in
the cooler or coolers but still a considerable amount of moisture is carried over in
mechanical suspension in the air after it leaves the cooler or coolers and it is the
object of my Invention to effect the separation of this moisture from the air before
it enters the expansion Cylinder or Cylinders. For this purpose I cause the compressed
air after it leaves the cooler or coolers and before it reaches the expansion cylinder or
cylinders to pass into a vessel or chamber preferably of cylindrical form the air
entering tangentially to the internal wall or side of the vessel or chamber so that the
air has a motion of rotation imparted to it. The outlet for the air from the said
vessel or chamber is in the centre of rotation of the air. The said vessel or chamber
may be made either with or without guide vanes or analogous appliances provided the
air has a rotary path through the vessel. During the progress of the air through the
vessel moisture held in mechanical suspension by the said air will be thrown against
the sides of the vessel and will fall down them to the bottom where it can be
discharged by a self acting or other drain cock and any water accumulating at the
bottom of the vessel may be guarded from the impact of the incoming air by a false
bottom to the vessel.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I shall now proceed
more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose shall refer to the several
figures on the annexed drawings the same letters of reference indicating corresponding
parts in all the figures.
Figure 1 is a vertical section Figure 2 a plan and Figure 3 a side elevation of
an apparatus for combination with an air refrigerating machine according to my
Invention.
A is a vessel of cylindrical form having an inlet at B and an outlet at C for the
compressed air on its way from the cooler or coolers to the expansion cylinder or
cylinders. D is a vane to deflect the air into a direction tangential to the internal
sides of the vessel A.
G is a false bottom so made as to allow of water passing it to the space beneath it
where there is fitted an automatic valve as shewn in the drawings E being the valve
attached to the float F. The pressure of air in the vessel A tends to keep the valve
closed, this is partly counter balanced by an adjustable spring h, and as water

page_text: accumulates below the float it causes it to rise and consequently the valve to open and
the water to be discharged. An ordinary cock may be used in place of the automatic
valve if desired.
Figure 4 is a vertical section. Figure 5 is a plan. Figure 6 is a side view and
Figure 7 is a plan of underside of a modified form of the apparatus the parts being
marked with the letters of reference used to denote the same parts in Figures 1, 2
and 3. It is essentially the same as that previously described but the inlet B is at a
lower level and the false bottom G is of thin metal, cone shaped and secured between
the parts of the casting A, and there are holes g¹ round its margin for the passage of
water to beneath it. The spring h acts on the valve through the lever i.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
First In air refrigerating machines the combination of a chamber or vessel
between and in communication with the cooler or coolers and expansion cylinder or
cylinders the said chamber or vessel having an inlet for air from the cooler or coolers
so arranged that the air enters tangentially to the sides of the chamber or vessel and
escapes to the expansion cylinder or cylinders at the axis of rotation of the air and
with or without guide vanes or deflectors for the air all substantially as hereinbefore
described.
Second In air refrigerating machines the combination of a chamber or vessel
between and in communication with the cooler or coolers and expansion cylinder or
cylinders in which chamber or vessel moisture from the air deposits by centrifugal
action as described and claimed the said chamber or vessel having a false bottom and
a drain cock or outlet beneath substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore
described.