IMPROVEMENTS. DRAWING APPLICABLE TO THE CALLENDER ROLLERS OF CARDING ENGINES AND FRAMES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Tatham, of the Firm of William Tatham
and Company, of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist,
(in which Firm William Tatham and William Tweedale Heap are
the Co-partners), for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS APPLICABLE
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Tatham at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
12th December 1873.
I, WILLIAM TATHAM, of the Firm of William Tatham and Company,
of Rochdale, in the County of Lancaster, Machinist (in which Firm
William Tatham and William Tweedale Heap are the Co-partners), do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS.
DRAWING
APPLICABLE TO THE CALLENDER ROLLERS OF CARDING ENGINES AND
FRAMES," to be as follows:-
Considerable inconvenience has existed prior to this Invention
with the callender rollers of carding engines and drawing frames, in

page_text: consequence of the tendency which such callender rollers have at times
to lap the sliver round themselves instead of passing it into the mouth
of the angular funnel of the coiler. This is particularly the case
when any oil or grease gets on to the surface of such callender rollers,
and the result is an accumulation of sliver at the mouth of the funnel of
the coiler which eventually necessitates the stopping of the machine,
and considerable time and labour being spent in clearing away the
obstruction.
The object of my Invention (which is especially advantageous as
applied to the improved carding engine for which Letters Patent were
granted to me on the 3rd day of December 1869, No. 3496), is to
remedy such defect. This is accomplished by the application to the
under side of each of the callender rollers of such machines of a
"doctor" roller. These "doctor" rollers revolve in the same direction
and as near as possible to such callender rollers but at a sufficient
distance from each other to allow the sliver from such callender rollers
to pass between them without subjecting such sliver to pressure as in the
callender rollers. The "doctor like "action of these rollers clears the
callender rollers of the sliver when from any cause it adheres thereto
and ensures its passage into the mouth of the angular tube of the coiler.
These "doctor rollers may be driven in any convenient manner, as, for
instance, by placing a spur wheel on one end of the back callender roller
and geering it into a spur pinion on the front "doctor" roller, the two
"doctor" rollers are then geered together.
"
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 25
filed by the said William Tatham in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 11th June 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
TATHAM, of the Firm of William Tatham and Company, of Rochdale,
in the County of Lancaster, Machinist (in which Firm William Tatham 30
and William Tweedale Heap are the Co-partners), send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twelfth day of December, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty,

page_text: seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said William Tatham, Her special licence
that I, the said William Tatham, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William Tatham, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein, expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
APPLICABLE TO THE CALLENDER ROLLERS OF CARDING ENGINES AND DRAWING
FRAMES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said William
Tatham, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Tatham, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement :-
Considerable inconvenience has existed prior to this Invention
with the callender rollers of carding engines and drawing frames in
consequence of the tendency which such callender rollers have at times
to lap the sliver round themselves instead of passing it into the mouth
of the angular funnel of the coiler. This is particularly the case
when any oil or grease gets on to the surface of such callender rollers,
and the result is an accumulation of sliver at the mouth of the funnel
of the coiler, which eventually necessitates the stopping of the machine,
and considerable time and labour being spent in clearing away the
obstruction.
The object of my Invention (which is especially advantageous as
applied to the improved carding engine for which Letters Patent were
granted to me on the 3rd day of December 1869, No. 3496), is to
remedy each defect. This is accomplished by the application to the
under side of each of the callender rollers of such machines of a
"doctor" roller. These doctor rollers revolve in the same direction

page_text: and as near as possible to such callender rollers, but at a sufficient
distance from each other to allow the sliver from such callender rollers
to pass between them without subjecting such sliver to pressure as in
the callendar rollers. The doctor like action of these rollers clears
the callendar rollers of the sliver when from any cause it adheres thereto
and ensures its passage into the mouth of the angular tube of the circle.
These doctor rollers may be driven in any convenient manner, as, for
instance, by placing a spur wheel on one end of the back callendar
roller and geering it into a spur pinion on the front doctor roller, the
two doctor rollers are then geered together.
Having thus stated the nature an object of my said Invention I will
now proceed to further elicidate the same by the aid of the accom-
panying Drawing.
Fig. 1 is a transverse sectional elevation; Fig. 2, a partial side
elevation; and Fig. 3, a plan of a pair of callender rollers of a drawing
frame with my improvements applied thereto, and which improvements
I also apply to my improved construction of carding engine for which
Letters Patent were granted to me on the Third day of December
1869, No. 3496. Similar letters of reference are used to denote similar
parts in all the views.
A is the front and B the back callender roller, the construction and
mounting of which as applied to carding engines neither differs in any
material respect from those described and illustrated in the Specification
of the Invention for which Letters Patent were granted to me as
aforesaid, nor as applied to drawing frames do they differ in any
material respect from those in public use. C and D are a pair of smaller
rollers set to run in close proximity to the under side of each of the
callender rollers A and B respectively, the application of which
constitutes the present Invention. Each of these smaller tubes C and D
runs in the same direction as the callender roller to which such smaller
roller is respectively applied, that is, the small roller C turns in the
same direction as the front callender roller A, and the smaller roller D
in the same direction as the back callender roller B, as clearly
indicated by the arrows. These smaller rollers C and D should run
at about the same surface velocity as the callender rollers to which
they are applied, but at a sufficient distance from each other as not
to subject the sliver passing between them to any pressure or second

page_text: callendering action.
When in action these rollers C and D clear each of
the callender rollers of the sliver when from any cause it adheres thereto,
and guide such sliver on to the mouth of the angular tube or funnel of
the coiler, so preventing the sliver being carried round with either or
both the callender rollers or accumulating at the mouth of the coiler or
funnel, eventually necessitating the stopping of the machine, and much
labour and time being spent in clearing away the obstruction. From this
clearing action such small rollers may not inaptly be termed "doctor"
callendering action. When in action these rollers C and D clear each of
the callender rollers of the sliver when from any cause it adheres thereto,
and guide such sliver on to the mouth of the angular tube or funnel of
the coiler, so preventing the sliver being carried round with either or
both the callender rollers or accumulating at the mouth of the coiler or
funnel, eventually necessitating the stopping of the machine, and much
labour and time being spent in clearing away the obstruction. From this
clearing action such small rollers may not inaptly be termed "doctor"
rollers.
It will be apparent that these doctor rollers may be driven in a
variety of ways, but the plan shown on the Drawing I find simple and
convenient.
A spur wheel E is secured upon one end of the back callender roller B
and geers with a spur pinion F on the end of the front doctor roller.
Another pinion G on such front doctor roller geering with apinion H
communicates the requisite motion to the back "doctor" roller D.
"
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
my said Invention I wish it to be understood that I do not confine
myself to the precise dimensions of the "doctor rollers nor to the
relative position and porportion of such "doctor" rollers with respect to
the callender rollers nor to the speed and method of driving such doctor
rollers as herein-before mentioned and illustrated on the accompanying
Drawing, but what I do claim is the application to the callender
rollers of my improved construction of carding engine as hercin-before
mentioned, and to drawing frames of a pair of "doctor" rollers for the
purposes hercin-before described and illustrated on the accompanying
Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Tatham, have hear unto set
my hand and seal, this Ninth day of June, in the year of our
Lord, One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.