Improvements for an Improved Fastening for Clothing and other purposes.
Year: 1897

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements for an Improved Fastening for Clothing and other
purposes.
1, EDWARD SWAIN, of the Manor House, Fordwich, in the County of Kent,.
Etcher, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to improvements for an improved fastening for clothing
and other purposes.
The chief object of this invention is to provide a secure fastening stud or buckle
for clothing and other purposes.
The fastening or stud is made of a thin bar or wire of steel or other suitable
material in the form of a curve or spiral hook or button having one end free,
the other end of the spiral forming a centre or turning point and being bent
downwards.
This end may be passed through the clothing or material and through or into
a metal plate the end thereof being enlarged or ball ended and the plate so formed
to retain it that the bar may be turned freely therein.
The plate may be flat with a centre hole for the bar end to pass through or
may be cup shaped to receive it and to hold the enlarged end.
The plate may be made in two pieces and lapped over so that it can be placed
round the bar end or removed.
The plate may have holes in it for attaching it to the material by sewing
rivetting or other means or the plate may be dispensed with when the fastening
is used with a stiff or thick material.
To couple or fix this fastening the curved or spiral hook or button may be
passed through an ordinary button hole by twisting the spiral round until it
comes completely through or a loop or metal hook or eye may be used or it may
be coupled or fixed by twisting it in to another similar fastening.
To facilitate turning the free end the bar may have a knob fixed on it or a
pin may be fixed to the end of the bar and a knob with a hole through it placed
on the pin so as to run freely thereon.
1
100
Improvements for an Improved Fastening for Clothing and other
I, EDWARD SWAIN, of the
Etcher, do hereby declare the
purposes.
Manor House, Fordwich, in the County of Kent,
nature of this invention and in what manner the
.
Price 81

page_text: same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
My invention relates to an improved fastening for clothing and other purposes.
The chief object of this invention is to provide a secure fastening stud or buckle
for clothing and other purposes.
The fastening or stud is made of a thin bar or wire of steel or other suitable
material in the form of a curve or spiral hook or button having one end free the
other end of the spiral forming a centre or turning point and being bent down-
wards.
The fastening is herein described as the spiral fastening.
The same letters are used for all similar parts.
Fig. 1 is a side view and Figs. 2 and 6 are front views of the spiral fastenings.
The spiral may be continuous from the centre pivot B to an outer free end, which
is terminated with a knob E. The other end B is turned downwards being the
pivot end of which the spiral fastening turns, it may be passed through a plate D
and is enlarged C on the under side of the plate D Figs. 1-2 an 6.
The enlarged end C may be formed flat as in C Fig. or curved as in C Fig. 10
or may be a small end when used with a large bar or tube as shown C Fig. 11
or may be bulb shaped as shown C Fig. 12. In these four Figures 9, 10, 11, 12,
B is the pivot end of the spiral bar or wire.
Fig. 3 is a front view and Fig. 4 is a side view which shows the spiral turning
from the pivot end B to the outside or extreme width of the, fastening and from
there making a continuous spiral back to the centre where the free end terminates
in the knob E immediately over the pivot B. The pivot end B is shown in
dotted lines Fig. 3. Fig. 4 shows the spiral gradually rising as it turns from
the outside to the knob E.
Fig. 5 shows the spiral fastening (as shewn Fig. 2) clasped or hooked with
another spiral fastening which for this purpose may have its free end somewhat
straightened for a sufficient length and bent into a hook "S" and may have a
knob E at its end which end is bent upwards through the spiral to which it clasps.
The pivot end B of this part of the fastening is here shewn fixed in a plate D
so that it may be turned freely. The plate D may be flat as shewn Figs. 13 and 16
with a centre hole M for the pivot end to pass through or the plate D may be made
with the hole M raised cup shaped Figs. 14 and 17 or the plate D may have the
hole M cup shaped with a flat plate H beneath it, the flat plate H being without
the hole M Fig. 15.
When the plate 1 is placed beneath the clothing or material "T" as in Figs. Al
and 5 it may be necessary to fix the plate D round the pivot end B after the
pivot end B is put through the material "T". For this purpose I provide a
plate D in two parts a divided plate (Figs. 19 20 and 21. The two parts are
similar and are shown in plan Fig. 19 and in section through centre Fig. 20.
Each part of the plate forming half the hole M and having a raised boss L and a
lug K.
When the two parts of the plate D are placed together round the pivot end
of the spiral fastening the lug R of the one part laps over the raised boss L of
the other part as shown Figs. 19, 20 and 21.
Fig. 21 being a section through boss L and lug K of plate D.
Or the divided plate D may be a spring plate the two parts P P being held
together by the edges U shown in plan Fig. 22 and in section Fig. 23.
Each part P being provided with stops which will catch on the edges U.
To fix this plate D on the pivot end the hole M is placed against the enlarged
end of the spiral fastening and pressed on it until the parts p p open sufficiently
to allow the enlarged end to pass through and round which they then close securely
the stops preventing the parts P P from being pulled through the edges U in
the opposite direction.
The plate D may be any shape or design and may have holes J for convenience

page_text: in attaching to the clothing or material by sewing rivetting or other means as
shewn on the several Figures 16, 17, 18, 19, 22 or the plate may be dispensed
with when the fastening is used with a stiff or thick material.
The plate D may be on either side of the material to which the fastening is
attached.
To couple or fix this spiral fastening the free end may be passed through an
ordinary buttonhole by twisting the spiral until it comes completely through or
it may be coupled or fixed with a loop or metal hook or eye or it may be coupled
or fixed by twisting it into another similar fastening.
To facilitate fastening the free end may have a knob fixed on it which knob may
be constructed in one of the following ways.
The knob E may be a fixture Figs. 34 and 6 or it made be made to turn freely
upon a pin F Figs. 1, 7 and 8. The end of the bar or wire forming the spiral "A
of the fastening may be bent up Fig. 7 the knob E being made to turn freely
upon it.
Or the knob E may be made to turn freely upon a pin F Fig. 8 the pin F
being fixed to the end of the spiral "A" with a rivet head G Fig 8 on the under
Bide.
Or the pin F may be fixed in the knob E and turn freely on the free end of
the spiral A Fig. 8.
When the spiral fastening is used on a soft material into which it may be
pressed as shewn Fig. 1 the end of the spiral may be used smooth underneath as
in Fig. 7 the fastening pressing on the soft material "T" Fig. 1 being sufficient
to prevent the fastening from becoming undone but when the fastening is used
on a firm or hard material as shewn Fig. 5 or with a metallic hook as shown
Fig. 5 (or with a plain metallic hook or a metallic loop) the free end of the
spiral "A" may be roughened by using the rivetted pin head G Fig. 8 so that
if the spiral A turns to unfasten this roughened end may catch on or in the.
material wire or bar to which the spiral fastening clasps. If a flat firm
material "T" is used it may be indented R to receive the rivet head G as shewn
in Fig. 5.
The fastening when in use forms a serviceable and an ornamental stud buckle
hook or button of a spiral design, the spiral showing on the face of the articl»>
which it is used to fasten.
When used with the rivetted pin head G Fig. 8 the fastening is made adjustable
by drawing the spiral bar or wire partly through a loop or a hook or an eye and
is made secure by means of the pin head G acting as a stop.
The fastening may be made in any suitable material or materials.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A spiral fastening that turns upon a central pivot as hereinbefore described
and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
2. A spiral fastening that turns upon a pivot and so constructed as to clasp
or twine with another similar fastening as hereinbefore described as shewn in the
accompanying drawings.
3. A spiral fastening that turns upon a pivot and admits of the adjustment
and bringing together of two pieces of material or clothing as hereinbefore
described and shewn in the accompanying drawings.
4. A divided plate to hold that part of the fastening which is put through a
material and to which it may be attached as hereinbefore described and shewn
in the accompanying drawings.
5. A divided spring plate to hold that part of the fastening which is put through
a material to which it is attached as hereinbefore described and shown in the
accompanying drawings.

page_text: 6. The general arrangement construction and combination of the parts form-
ing an improved fastening for clothing and other purposes as herein before
described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 28th day of July 1898
AUBREY
RICHARDSON,
49A, Lincoln's Inn Fields, W.C., Agent for Applicant.