IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER FOR BATHS AND OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Richard Havell, of Reading, in the
County of Berks, Artist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER FOR BATHS AND OTHER
PURPOSES."
Sealed the 13th November 1868, and dated the 20th May 1808.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Richard Havell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 20th May 1868.
I, CHARLES RICHARD HAVELL, of Reading, in the County of Berks,
Artist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER FOR BATHS AND
OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to improvements in the means or apparatus
for heating water for baths and other purposes.
In order to effect this object I provide a closed metal box of cylin-
drical or other form, which I place in the vessel containing the water

page_text: to be heated. The heat is obtained by means of a gas tube or burner,
which I prefer to coil in a volute form in the bottom of the heating
chamber, said gas tube passing out preferably through a central vertical
air shaft passing up through the top of the heating vessel, and pro-
jecting above the water level for supplying air for combustion. The gas
tube is connected to a suitable supply pipe, and the coil is further pro-
vided with perforations for the emission of jets of gas. Around the
lower part of the central air shaft and over the burner I place a
cylindrical water capacity or boiler, leaving a space between it and the
sides and top of the heating vessel for the circulation of the heat. In
the bottom of the water vessel is an annular recess communicating with
the space above the vessel by vertical tubes, affording a greatly increased
heating surface. The water vessel communicates at top and bottom
with the water in which the apparatus is submerged by means of tubes,
the water passing in at the lower and out at the upper one, so producing
a constant circulation. The products of combustion pass out of the
heating chamber through a chimney rising from the top of the apparatus
above the water, by which access is also had for igniting the jets.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Charles Richard Havell in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 20th November 1868.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
RICHARD HAVELL, of Reading, in the County of Berks, Artist, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
first year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Charles Richard Havell, Her special
licence that I, the said Charles Richard Havell, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Charles Richard
Havell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great

page_text: Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR HEATING WATER FOR
BATHS AND OTHER PURPOSES," upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Charles Richard Havell, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Richard Havell, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thereon (that is to say) :-
:-
My Invention relates to improvements in the means of heating water
for baths and other purposes.
In order to effect this object I provide a closed metal box of cylin-
drical or other form, which I place in the vessel containing the water to
be heated. The heat is obtained by means of a gas tube or burner, which
I prefer to coil in a volute form in the bottom of the heating chamber,
said gas tube passing out through a central vertical air shaft at the
top of the heating vessel, and projecting above the water level for
supplying air for combustion. The gas tube is connected to a suitable
supply pipe, and is further provided with perforations for the emission
of jets of gas. Around the lower part of the central air shaft and over
the burner I place a cylindrical water capacity or boiler, leaving a space
between it and the sides and top of the heating vessel for the cir-
culation of the heat. In the bottom of the water vessel is an annular
recess communicating with the space above the vessel by vertical tubes,
affording a greatly increased heating surface. The water vessel con-
municates at top and bottom with the water in which the apparatus is
submerged by means of tubes, the water passing in at the lower and out
at the upper part, producing a constant circulation. The products of
combustion pass out of the chamber through a chimney rising at the top
of the apparatus above the water, by which access is also had for
igniting the jets.

page_text: Figure 1 of the annexed Drawings shows a vertical section, half size,
of my improved bath heating apparatus.
A is a closed metal box of cylindrical or other form to be submerged in
the water contained in the bath or other vessel, as shown. The chamber A
is provided with a central vertical air shaft B passing up above the water
level for supplying air for combustion, and with a chimney C for
carrying off the products of combustion, which may communicate with
the chimney of the room or other outlet.
In order to heat the water in the bath I place a gas tube or burner C¹
in the bottom of the chamber A. This tube is preferably coiled in a
volute form, and is provided with small perforations on its upper sido
for emitting jets of gas, which is supplied from any source by means of
Within the heating
a pipe C passing up through the air shaft B.
stove and around the lower part of the vertical air shaft B I place a
cylindrical or other shaped water chamber D (communicating by means
of apertures E, E, with the water in which the apparatus is immersed),
leaving a space between it and the top and sides of the vessel A for the
circulation of the heat from the gas jets of burner C. This chamber D
is also provided with an annular space F and vertical tubes G, G, com-
municating with the space above, whereby a greatly increased heating
surface is obtained. D', water tubes placed in space F to form stays if
desired, as shown dotted.
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-The stove A being placed
in the water to be heated the gas pipe C is connected to the source of
supply by means of a flexible tube or otherwise, and the chimney C
placed in communication with any suitable outlet. A lighted taper is
then lowered in chimney C at an orifice made therein, and on reaching
the coiled tube C' the gas supply is immediately turned on and the jets
ignited. Air is supplied for combustion through shaft B, and the
jets are allowed to burn until the heat circulating around and at all
parts of the water chamber D is communicated to the water, entering
the same at apertures E, which water after circulating therein passes
out at orifices E' and communicates its heat to the water in the bath.
When the water is sufficiently heated the gas is turned off and the pipe
to the supply disconnected, as also the upper part of chimney C, after
which the apparatus is removed from the bath.

page_text: Figure 2 of the Drawings shows a vertical section, and Figure 3 a
horizontal section of a modified arrangement of my improved bath-
heating apparatus. In this arrangement I dispense with the annular
heating space around the inner water chamber D, and make the latter
of two concentric water spaces D³, D³, united by radial tubes D', as
seen, between which the heat freely circulates for the purpose desired;
E, E', are water inlet and outlet apertures as before. The gas burner
in this apparatus consists of a hollow ring C³ provided with perforations,
and communicating with a vertical supply pipe as before. The jets are
also ignited by introducing a lighted taper at the orifice in chimney C
as before. Instead of gas serving as the heating agent any suitable
oil or spirit may be used in lieu thereof, the requisite quantity of which
oil or spirit is poured down the air shaft into the bottom of vessel A,
and there ignited. In this case the gas burner and supply pipe will
of course be dispensed with. The apparatus herein described are also
applicable for heating other liquids besides water.
Having described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I declare that what I claim as my Invention to
be protected by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is, the
improved means or apparatus for heating water for baths and other
purposes, together with the modifications of the same, substantially in
the manner shown and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Richard Havell, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Nineteenth day of November,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
eight.