IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL
Year: 1875

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Noad, of Richmond House, Plaistow, in
the County of Essex, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF STEEL."
Sealed the 30th July 1875, and dated the 18th February 1875.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Noad at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th February 1875.
I, JAMES NOAD, of Richmond House, Plaistow, in the County of
Essex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
steel. For this purpose I take deposited iron or steel obtained by a
process of chemical deposition, by preference such as is described in the
Specification of a former Patent granted to me, No. 1422, in the year
1874, and I place a small quantity of such iron or steel in a crucible and
pour upon it cast iron melted in a cupola furnace so as to fill the crucible;

page_text: the crucible is then closely covered, and the metal is maintained at a
high temperature for some time and then cast into ingots.
In some cases I melt in the cupola furnace wrought-iron or steel
scrap in lieu of pig iron, either in whole or in part.
the 18th August 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
NOAD, of Richmond House, Plaistow, in the County of Essex, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of February, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five, in
the thirty-eighth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said James Noad, Her
special license that I, the said James Noad, my executors, admini-
strators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James Noad, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during
the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF STEEL," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said James Noad, my executors or admini-
strators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of
their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to
be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Noad, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say :-
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of
steel. For this purpose I take deposited iron or steel obtained by a
process of chemical deposition, by preference such as is described in the
Specification of a former Patent granted to me, No. 1422, in the year
1874, and I place a small quantity, say 5 per cent., of such deposited
iron or steel in a crucible, and pour upon it cast iron melted in a cupola
furnace so as to fill the crucible; the crucible is then closely covered,
and the metal is maintained melted at a high temperature for some
time, say two hours or thereabout, and it is then cast into ingots. The
ingots thus obtained are very hard, too hard for use for most manu-
facturing purposes.
To obtain a steel more easily worked I take 25 per cent. of the ingot
and 75 per cent. of wrought-iron or steel scrap, and melt them together
in a cupola furnace. I again cast the metal into moulds and afterwards
it can be worked by forging or rolling, as may be required.
If a softer metal be desired I use a smaller per-centage of the ingot ;
thus for a soft wrought steel I take 14 per cent. of the ingot and melt it
with 86 per cent. of scrap.
In some cases I add a small per-centage, say one-quarter per cent., of
copper to the mixed metals. I thus obtain a steel of a very bright and
silvery appearance.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Noad, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eighteenth day of August, in the year of