FILTERING WATER, OR OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1885

page_text: I ANDREW JAMES BELL of 298 Lower Broughton Road, Manchester, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention for FILTERING WATER, OR OTHER
LIQUIDS to be as follows:-
An ordinary cast or wrot iron square cistern is fitted up with a horizontal filter,
which rests on a rim or other bearing fixed to the inside of cistern, through which
the unfiltered water flows.-underneath this horizontal filter are arranged a number
of vertical double filters, having an empty chamber or space enclosed between them,
and as these vertical filters are immersed in the water which has already been
partly filtered, this same water is forced or drawn through the vertical filters into
the chambers or space, and from thence to where it is required.-Means for
cleansing is provided for both the filter and the cistern by various taps.—the
cistern can either be open at top or covered with an airtight cover.-these vertical
filters occupy a very small space, whilst they give a large filter surface.
1
L TR 1
100-
ANDREW JAMES BELL.

page_text: Filtering water or other Liquids.
I ANDREW JAMES BELL of 298 Lower Broughton Road, Manchester Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this Invention for "FILTERING WATER OR OTHER
LIQUIDS " and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
drawings:-
My Invention relates principally to filters adapted to be used in the filtration of
large quantities of water and has for its object to obtain a compact filter occupying
comparatively little space whilst having a large filtering surface. In my improved
filter the water passes first through a filter bed which removes the grosser impurities
and secondly through two or more double filters having internal spaces for filtered
water and arranged with spaces between the filters so that the water has free access
to both sides of each filter. My Invention will be best described with reference to
the accompanying drawings wherein Fig. 1 represents a vertical section of a complete
filtering apparatus Fig. 2 being a plan of the same the drawings being made to a
scale of about one inch to the foot. In the said Figs. a is a cistern which is
supposed to be made of cast or wrought iron and is provided with a removable
cover b. If preferred the bottom b¹ may also be removable. This cistern is divided
into two chambers c. d. by means of a partition e. which constitutes the preliminary
filter bed This filter bed e. is composed of two perforated or pervious walls between
which is a space which is filled with a suitable filtering medium which will arrest
the grosser impurities. In the side of the cistern is or are formed an opening or
openings communicating with the space in e. and this opening or each opening is
closed by means of a door f. which may if preferred be hinged and which is made
water-tight by india-rubber or other suitable packing and is closed by means of a
screw g. or by other suitable means. The water to be filtered is admitted into
the chamber c. through a pipe and valve h. Within the chamber d are arranged
three double filters each having two spaces 2. i. for filtering medium or media and
an inner space k. for filtered water. The walls enclosing the spaces i. are perforated
or are pervious to the passage of water and may extend entirely across the cistern
as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 2 or may be shorter than the cistern and be
pervious at the ends as preferred. Each of these double filters is provided with a
removable cover l. which may or may not be perforated at the parts which are over
the spaces i. When these covers are off the spaces i. can be filled with a suitable
filtering medium which will complete the filtration of the water to the desired
degree. Each of the spaces k. is connected by means of a branch pipe with a
pipe m. each brauch pipe being provided with a stop valve n but these valves may
be dispensed with in cases wherein they are not considered to be necessary. The
pipe m. conveys the filtered water to any desired point. In the example a by-pass
pipe o. provided with a valve p. connects the outlet pipe m with the inlet pipe h.
This by-pass pipe is provided in cases wherein it is desirable at times to obtain a
supply of unfiltered water. At such times the valve his closed and the valve p. is
opened thus causing the water to flow into the pipe m. without passing through
the filter and in case the filter is at the time being cleansed or re-charged with

page_text: filtering medium the valves n. n. are kept closed. The apparatus selected for
illustration is adapted to be used as a high pressure filter the water being forced
through the pipe into the chamber c. by means of a pump or a head of water or
being drawn off or exhausted through the pipe m as for example the said pipe may
proceed to a pump or set of pumps which will draw the water through the filter
and if required lift the water through the pipe h from a lower level. The water
entering the chamber c. is compelled to pass first through the filtering medium
in c. and secondly through the denser or finer filtering media in the spaces i. i. i.
and issues as filtered water into the pipe m. I do not confine myself to the
number of the filters in the chamber d nor do I confine myself to the arrangement
of the pipes and valves. The filter may be cleansed by closing the valve r. and
admitting back pressure either of water or steam to the pipe m through the valve 8.
By this reversal of the current the impurities lodging in the spaces i. are wholly or
partly removed. Taps for removing natant or precipitated impurities may be
applied at suitable parts of the apparatus. In some cases the filter may be low
pressure being open at the top and if necessary be extended upward so as to hold
a larger quantity of unfiltered water or it may be applied within a larger tank or
reservoir. Although to avoid repetition I have mentioned water only when
describing my invention I do not confine the application to the filtration of water
and may use the apparatus in the treatment of any liquid for which it may be
suitable.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination of parts forming the filtering apparatus formed and arranged
substantially as set forth and indicated in the accompanying drawings.
2. In a filtering apparatus the horizontal filter bed c. for preliminary filtration
in combination with the double filters i. i. for second filtration constructed
substantially as set forth and indicated.
3. In filtering apparatus the combination of a first filtering chamber for arresting
grosser impurities with two or more chambers for completing the filtration each
provided with two spaces for filtering media and an inner space into which the
filtered liquid flows substantially as set forth and indicated.
Dated this 1st day of Dreamber 198