Improvements in Speed Measuring and Distance Recording Apparatus, specially adapted for Locomotives.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 19th Mar., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Speed Measuring and Distance Recording
Apparatus, specially adapted for Locomotives.
I, HUGO HAUSSHÄLTER of the Central Railway Station, Dresden, Saxony,
German Empire, Engine House Superintendent, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference to speed measuring apparatus particularly such as
used on locomotives whereby the travelling speed at any time is rendered graphically
upon a strip of paper so that the engine driver is not only checked or controlled
as regards the speed travelled but has also ocular demonstration of the speed at all
times.
In the following description the ordinary and known arrangement of a positively
driven speed measurer to which the improvements forming the present invention
are applied will first be explained.
The spindle A (see the accompanying drawings) is driven from the locomotive,
(Figures 4 and 5) the speed of which is to be measured; the rotation is transmitted
to the spindle or roller C by wormwheel gear ss. A second spindle E receives.
uniform rotation by means of a spring I with escapement H the said spring being
wound up automatically by an excentric R. On the spindle E is fitted so as to
slide endways but not to rotate the drop bolt B which is provided with an upper
steep screw thread d and with lower concentric rings and grooves. The latter
gear with the teeth g on the roller C but are not continued all round, a longitudinal
groove being left, so that when E rotates, the drop bolt B alternately comes in
and out of gear with the roller C and hence during the rotation of the spindle A.
it is alternately raised and dropped.
The apparatus registers the speed at any time upon the paper strip which is
drawn off the roller O by the rollers ppl the height which the drop bolt rises at
each rotation being in direct proportion to the speed of the spindle A, because
the time that the concentric rings on B gear with the teeth g always remains the
same. The roller pl is driven by a pair of pinions from the spindle E and the
roller p is moved by friction from the roller P¹.
The ocular demonstration of the speed is produced by a hand or pointer D
which turns on e and which by means of a peg i adjustable in a slot in the dial U
can be so set that as the speed increases the said peg is pushed up by the ring
surface, and as the speed decreases is pushed down by the screw thread d. In each
revolution of the spindle E the peg i adjusts itself according to the difference in
the raising of the drop bolt the last time and the last time but one. The rack v
and tooth segment to connect the peg i and the hand D.
The peg on the rack v³ may serve to set the hand twice during one revolution
of the spindle E.
For drawing the travelling speed upon the paper strip the spindle E has an
upper disc with a notch filed in it and which in its rotation alternately presses the
hammer T against the spring u and lets it rebound, whereby the pointed peg"
which is guided in a slot in the hammer and can be adjusted from i by the rod n,
pierces the paper which travels in the casing L. This always takes place while
the hand is stationary.
An alarm in the upper part of the apparatus indicates when the prescribed
maximum speed is exceeded.
The carrying roller p¹ has at the upper and the lower end, at a distance of (say)
6 millimeters (inch) answering to (say) three minutes, pointed pegs which pierce
the paper strip at its two edges and thus facilitate the reading off of the times of
D77

page_text: travelling and of stoppage at the stations from the diagram. A rectangle within
the diagram curve, between the connecting lines of the aforesaid three minute
lines on the edges of the strip and the ten mile (or kilometer) lines marked on
the strip, corresponds to a distance of half a mile (or kilometer).
By means of this present invention the speed diagrams obtained by the speed
measures known and characterized by the aforesaid features are rendered more
complete or suitable for inspection and testing in this manner, that, besides the
speed and the time also the distance run in miles (or kilometers) by the locomo-
tive or train is registered upon and is capable of being read off from the diagram.
For this purpose a device is applied in the speed measurer, which by means of a
second pointed peg produces holes in the paper strip passed before it which holes
are at distances in inverse ratio to the speed.
By this speed measurer three kinds of holes are produced in the paper strip, one
kind represents the speeds in a curve, another represents the times at intervals of
three minutes, by the aid of pegs on the aforesaid carrying roller p', and a third,
which is the new or additional kind of holes situated in a horizontal line below
the zero line, indicates the miles (or kilometers) travelled in fractions of miles (or
kilometers).
In the apparatus shewn in the front view Figure 1, vertical cross section
Figure 2, and sectional plan Figure 3, it is supposed by way of example that the
pegs have been piercing to mark the traversing of a distance of half a mile (or
kilometer) each. This marking device, which is shown in detail on a larger scale
in Figures 6 to 12 hereinafter referred to is extremely simple and can be applied
to registering apparatus already in use.
a
The bed plate 1 which is turned up a right angles at the back and suitably
fixed to the back wall of the apparatus carries two pegs, 2 and 3 for guiding
hammer 4 which in its front part has a slot for receiving the peg 2; its middle
part is circular.
The hind part of the latter has a shoulder 5 with slot for the
peg 3 and is guided thereby; it is also turned up at right angles to form a
nose 6, which by a flat spring with its front side is always pressed against a
cam 8 which is formed in one with a ratchet wheel 9 and can turn on the
pivot 10.
Into the ratchet wheel two pawls catch, one 11 being always pressed into
gear by a spring to prevent the wheel from moving more than one tooth at a time,
while the other pawl, 12 turns on a pivot under a lever 15, having its fulorum
at 13 on the bedplate 1 and is acted upon by a spring 14.
The latter presses
the lever 15 against a nose 16 on the spindle A which as stated is worked from
the engine, the speed of which is to be measured, and drives the roller C by means
of the worm wheel gear s s¹.
Behind the plate 17 which at e carries the hand D to be actuated by the drop
bolt B, there is a shield 18 fixed by screws and being at its upper part loop
shaped. The spindle 19 passes through this loop or eye and has fixed thereto
by a pin an arm 20 on one side and a second arm 21 similarly on the other. The
arm 20 is always pressed away by a spring 22 from the plate 17 and carries at its
lower end a set screw 23 which forms a stop for the pointed peg 24 on the lower
right angularly bent end of the arm 21. The peg 24 always comes somewhat
below the peg r when the hand D is at zero.
The number of teeth in the ratchet wheel 9 and the length of the lever 15 are
in the present arrangement such, that the peg 24 always pierces the paper strip at
the end of each half mile or kilometer. This is effected by the_nose 16 in each
rotation of the spindle A giving the lever 15 an impulse whereby through the
pawl 12 the ratchet wheel 9 is turned one tooth round. This also causes the cam 8
to turn whereby the hammer 4 is gradually brought to its highest point. When
the edge of the nose 6 comes beyond the edge of the cam, the spring 7 comes into
action and the nose 6 drops to the lowest point of the cam 8 whereby the hammer 4
is pushed forward which moves the arm 20 towards the plate 17 against the force
of the spring 22. While the arm 20 thus turns, the arm 21 with its peg 24 is

page_text: moved against the paper strip and pierces it after a run of half a mile (or kilometer).
As the spindle A continues to rotate and thus turns the wheel 9 one tooth by each
rotation, and as the canı 8 also rotates, the nose 6 moves from the lowest to the
highest point of the cam, and so on. The holes made at the lower edge of the
paper strip by the peg 24 are always below those made by the peg r and in a
straight line.
By the number of holes made by the peg 24 the number of miles (or kilometers)
run is quickly ascertained, and on the other hand by the mutual distances apart
of the holes, counted backwards, the acceleration and retardation of the engine or
train on a run is found.
The apparatus may be arranged so that by one turn of the ratchet wheel 9,
answering to a run of half a mile (or kilometer) two holes can be made in the
paper strip instead of one, for which purpose two noses instead of the one nose 16
would be provided which during the same time would give the lever 15 a double
number of impulses, turning the ratchet wheel 9 twice and producing two holes in
a run of half a mile (or kilometer).
Referring now to Figures 6 to 12 which illustrate the details of the marking
device on a larger scale, Figure 6 is a front elevation Figure 7 a side elevation,
and. Figure 8 a plan showing the position of the different parts of the marking
device during the piercing of the travelling paper strip by means of the peg 24;
Figure 9 is a side elevation and Figure 10 a plan showing the parts in the position
in which the hammer 4 is retracted by the cam 8 whereby the arm 21 carrying
the peg
24 is moved back under the action of the spring 22. By this movement
of the arm 21 the peg 24 on the latter moves the paper strip backwards and is
ready for a second piercing of the strip. Figure 11 is a separate view of the
cam 8 and ratchet wheel 9 and Figure 12 a separate view of the hammer 4.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In positively driven speed measuring apparatus in which a speed diagram is
produced on a paper strip, the arrangement of the marking device (1 to 24)
whereby, in addition to the said speed diagram, holes are produced in the said
strip at the end of, or at the end and midway between certain predetermined
lengths of run (as for instance half miles or kilometers), by means of which
according to their number the miles (or kilometers) travelled may be ascertained
both at the end of the whole journey and during the same.
Dated this 28th day of December 1891.
J. C. MEWBURN,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Chartered Patent Agent.