IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING OR WHITENING TEXTILE FABRIOS, YARNS, AND THREADS MADE FROM FLAX, COTTON, OR OTHER VEGETABLE FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Bastow, of Shepherd's Bush, in the County
of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BLEACHING OR WHITENING TEXTILE FABRIOS, YARNS, AND THREADS MADE
FROM FLAX, COTTON, OR OTHER VEGETABLE FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 12th January 1869, and dated the 14th July 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Bartow at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th July, 1868.
I, JOHN BASTOW, of Shepherd's Bush, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING OR WHITENING TEXTILE FABRICS. YARNS, AND
THREADS MADE FROM FLAX, COTTON, OR OTHER VEGETABLE FIBROUS MATERIALS,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the bleaching or whiteuing of linen, cambric,
calico, and other textile fabrics manufactured from flax or from cotton;
of fabrics manufactured from a mixture of flax and cotton, called
unions; of yarns and threads manufactured from flax or from cotton;
[Price 8d.]

page_text: and of fabrics, yarns, and threads manufactured from other vegetable
fibrous materials.
The material to be treated is first reduced by boiling and washing in
the usual manner, as already well known and practised by bleachers.
When it has been sufficiently reduced, and the loose coloring matter
removed, and the material brought to the state known as "boiled out,"
I submit it in a damp state to the action of ozone; I then immerse the
material in a chlorine bath of the ordinary character and strength, say
from 1 to 3 Twaddle, for about two to twelve hours, more or less; J
then remove the material and wash and "sour" it in the usual manner,
that is to say, I wash it and afterwards submit it to the action of an
"antichlor," as well known and commonly practised. If the whole of
the sprit is not killed or removed, or the desired color or whiteness
not obtained, I again submit the material in a damp state to the action
of ozone, and pursue the same treatment by washing and souring, as
before described, until the "sprit" is entirely removed and the desired
whiteness obtained. Before submitting the material in its damp state
to the action of ozone I prefer to immerse it in a weak alkaline solution
say a solution of common soda, but this treatment is not absolutely
necessary.
For the purpose of my Invention it is not required that the ozone
should be quite pure, although should it be desired to use pure ozone it
may be obtained, as is well known, by passing dry oxygen gas through
an ozone tube in connection with an induction coil and galvanic battery,
or by various other means; but I find it sufficient to pass atmospheric
air, previously purified or not, instead of oxygen, through an ozone tube
or generator as just explained, from which it is conveyed by a pipe to
the vessel containing the material under treatinent.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said John Bastow, in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 3
14th January 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
BASTOW, of Shepherd's Bush, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman,
send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Fourteenth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the thirty-
second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said John Bastow, Her special licence, that I,
the said John Bastow, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as 1, the said John Bastow, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BLEACHING OR
WHITENING TEXTILE FABRICS. YARNS, AND THREADS MADE FROM FLAX, COTTON,
OR OTHER VEGETABLE FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the condition (amongst.
others) that I, the said John Bastow, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that 1, the said John Bastow, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement thereof, that is to say:-
My Invention relates to the bleaching or whitening or linen, cambric,
calico, and other textile fabrics manufactured from flax or from cotton;
of fabrics manufactured from a mixture of flax and cotton, and called
unions; of yarns and threads manufactured from flax or from cotton;
and of fabrics, yarns, and threads manufactured from other vegetable
fibrous materials.
The material to be treated is first reduced by boiling and washing
in the usual manner as already well known and practised by bleachers.
When it has been sufficiently reduced and the loose coloring matter
removed, and the material brought to the state known as "boiled out,"
I submit it in a damp state to the action of ozone; I then immerse the
material in a chlorine bath of the ordinary character and strength, say,
from 1 to 3 Twaddle, from about two to twelve hours (more or less);

page_text: I then remove the material and wash and "sour" it in the usual
mauner, that is to say, I wash it and afterwards submit it to the action
of au "autichlor" as well known and commonly practised. If the
whole of the "sprit" is not killed or removed, or the desired color or
whiteness not obtained, I again submit the material in a damp state to
the action of ozone, and pursue the same treatinent by washing and
souring as before described, until the "sprit" is entirely removed and
the desired whiteness obtained. Before submitting the material in its
damp state to the action of ozone I prefer to immerse it in a weak
alkaline solution, say a solution of common soda, but this treatment is
not absolutely necessary.
For this purpose of my Invention it is not required that the ozone
should be quite pure, although should it be desired to use pure ozone
it may be obtained as is well known by passing dry oxygen gas through
an ozone tube in connection with an induction coil and galvanic battery
or by various other means, but I find it sufficient to pass atmospheric
air previously purified or not instead of oxygen through an ozone tube
or generator as just explained, from which it is conveyed by pipe to
the vessel containing the material under treatment.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and the
manner in which the same may be carried into effect, I declare that
I claim the employment of ozone in the manner and for the purpose
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Bastow, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Eleventh day of January, Oue thousand
eight hundred and sixty-nine.
JOHN BASTOW. (L.S.)