MEANS FOR RAPIDLY EXTRACTING CALORIC FROM OR COMMUNICATING IT TO LIQUIDS PROVISIONAL SPATION FLUIDS DURING THEIR UTILIZATION IN C'YLINDERS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Tellier, of No. 20, Rue Félicien David, Paris, in
the Republic of France, Civil Engineer, for an Invention of " MEANS FOR
RAPIDLY EXTRACTING CALORIC FROM OR COMMUNICATING IT TO LIQUIDS
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Tellier at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th October 1881.
CHARLES TELLIER, of No. 20, Ruc Félicien David, Paris, in the Republic of
Franco, Civil Engineer. "MEANS FOR RAPIDLY EXTRACTING CALORIC FROM OR
COMMUNICATING IT TO LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS DURING THEIR UTILIZATION IN
C'YLINDERS,"
This Invention has for object to rapidly extract caloric from or communicate
it to liquids or fluids which are being utilized in cylinders, to produce motive
power or cold, for compressing gases, and for other purposes.
For this purpose I employ moveable chains or other analogous means, such as
wire cloth, rods entering sheaths placed under the pistons or below thein in such a
manner as to maintain the calorific action in the cylinder or to disperse it as
required.
A suitable arrangement of apparatus for carrying out my Invention consists of
a cylinder provided with a piston, chains, or their equivalents, stretch above the
cylinder cover as well as below the piston down to the bottom of the cylinder.
The cylinder is longer than the length of stroke of the piston. Through a
suitable orifice I introduce at each stroke of the piston a hot or a cold liquid; the
chains suspended under the cover or under the piston plunge into this liquid at
each upward and downward stroke of the piston, so that they become of the same
temperature as that of the injected liquid, so that when these chains spread out in
the interior of the cylinder they keep up from their number and construction the
temperature of the injected liquid. If this liquid be hot the expansion of the gas

page_text: or vapours employed in the cylinder will take place at the temperature of the said
liquid, and the heat necessary for the mechanical work will be furnished by the
chains which, each time they plunge in the liquid, will retake the normal
temperature. The steam or gas will thus expand without loss of heat, and
therefore without loss of mechanical effect. If on the other hand a gas has to be
compressed, the chains absorb the heat from the compression which is then
disengaged in the cylinder, and the cold liquid which I then cause to circulate
therein; this liquid in its turn will at each stroke take up the heat absorbed by the
chains and leave them to spread themselves out in the cylinder at each stroke of
the piston ready to be again re-heated.
If it is required to produce cold by means of the expansion of air or of a gas in
the cylinder, I cause an uncongealable solution to circulate therein at the
temperature to be produced, say 10 degrees centigrade to below zero centigrade.
On the same principle the expansion will take place at this temperature, thereby
leaving all its energy to the recovered mechanical action and reducing the power to
be employed to a minimum.
It will be understood that this Invention may be varied in its applications and
in the mode of working it provided the principle be retained, that is to say, the
forming of a kind of calorific sponge either above or below the piston and which
maintains its calorific action by means of a hot or cold current, thereby exerting
an energetic action on the calorific manifestations produced in the cylinders which
have for object the utilization of fluids.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, and
of an Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by the said Charles Tellier in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 19th April 1882.
CHARLES TELLIER, of 20, Rue Félicien David, Paris, in the Republic of France,
Civil Engineer. " MEANS FOR RAPIDLY EXTRACTING CALORIC FROM OR COм-
MUNICATING IT TO LIQUIDS OR FLUIDS DURING THEIR UTILIZATION IN CYLINDERS."
This Invention has for object to rapidly extract caloric from or communicate
it to liquids or fluids which are being utilized in cylinders, to produce motive
power or cold, for compressing gases, and for other purposes.
For this purpose I employ moveable chains or other analogous means such as
wire cloth, rods entering sheaths placed under the piston or below them in such a
manner as. to maintain the calorific action in the cylinder or to disperse it as
required.
The general arrangement of apparatus which I employ and which may be
modified in various ways, is represented in longitudinal section in the accompanying
Drawing. A cylinder C is provided with a piston A, B, chains x, x, x, x, or their
equivalents stretching above the cylinder cover as well as below the piston, down
to the bottom of the cylinder.
The cylinder is longer than the length of stroke of the piston. Through either
the orifice a, or the orifice b, I introduce at each stroke of the piston a hot or a cold
liquid; the chains suspended under the cover or under the piston plunge into this
liquid at each upward and downward stroke of the piston, so that they become of
the same temperature as that of the injected liquid, so that when these
chains x, x,, x, spread out in the interior of the cylinder they keep up from their
number and construction the temperature of the injected liquid. If this liquid be
hot the expansion of the gas or vapours employed in the cylinder will take place at
the temperature of the said liquid, and the heat necessary for the mechanical work
will be furnished by the chains which each time they plunge in the liquid will
retake the normal temperature. The steam or gas will thus expand without loss
of heat, and therefore without loss of mechanical effect. If on the other hand a gas
has to be compressed, the chains absorb the heat from the compression which is
then disengaged in the cylinder, and the cold liquid which I then cause to circulato
therein; this liquid in its turn will at each stroke take up the heat absorbed by the
chains and leave them to spread themselves out in the cylinder at each stroke of
the piston ready to be again reheated.
If it is required to produce cold by means of the expansion of air or of a gas in
the cylinder, I cause an uncongealable solution to circulate therein at the
temperature to be produced, say ten degrees centigrade to below zero centigrade.
On the same principle the expansion will take place at this temperature, thereby
leaving all its energy to the recovered mechanical action and reducing the power to
be employed to a minimum.
It will be understood that this Invention may be varied in its applications and
in the mode of working it, provided the principle be retained, that is to say, the
forming of a kind of calorific sponge either above or below the piston and which
maintains its calorific action by means of hot or cold current, thereby exerting
an energetic action on the calorific manifestations produced in the cylinders which
have for object the utilization of fluids.
Having thus described my said Invention and a suitable method of carrying the
same into effect, what I claim and intend to be protected by the herein in part
recited Letters Patent is,-
Firstly. The employment of chains, wire cloths, rods, either free or held by
metallic moveable discs and other equivalent means placed in cylinders for rapidly

page_text: communicating caloric to or extracting it from liquids or fluids which are being
utilized by means of liquid currents, as hereinbefore described.
Secondly. The means herein described for furnishing caloric to motive fluids
during expansion.
Thirdly. The means herein described of absorbing and extracting the caloric
produced during the compression of the fluids.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Tellier, have hereto set my hand and
seal, this Sixth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty two.