Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Mar., 1889
Specification Accepted, 27th Apr., 1889
I, JAMES ALOYSIUS SMITH of 7 Catherine Street, Waterford, Saw-Miller do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to he
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
This Invention relates to certain improvements in tobacco pipes, and has for its
object the cooling of the smoke; providing convenient means of trapping the
poisonous fluid, the ashes and other residual matter which result from the com-
bustion of the tobacco and the cooling of the vapor; also to utilise the cooling
qualities of metal, and the extremely beautiful designs with which it is capable of
being ornamented by employing it largely in the construction of a tobacco pipe..
The invention refers more particularly to that class of pipe in which an inner bowl
(containing the tobacco) is held in an outer bowl, and consists:-Firstly, in com-
bining with the two bowls a collar or holder which serves to secure the inner bowl
in its proper position within the outer bowl, and is attachable to inner bowls of
various sizes. Secondly in providing an outer bowl and stem which combined
form one continuous cooling chamber presenting large condensing and radiating
surfaces the stem having a wide passage casy to clean, and adapted to hold a
plentiful supply of absorbent material-such for instance as paper-for drying the
smoke; and the bowl being fitted to readily attach to an inner bowl or disconnect from
it. I annex here unto a sheet of drawings which will make the description clear; and in
the description I continue to use the terms inner bowl and outer bowl to distinguish the
two. Fig. 1 is a central vertical section of a plain pattern of the outer bowl and stem,
and of the inner bowl held in position by the collar as it is whilst the pipe is being
smoked. The inner bowl may be made of any suitable material such as earthen-
wares, meerschaum and wood. On the outside it is made slightly tapering down-
wards, and sometimes may be provided with an outwardly projecting flange around
the mouth (d, d₁, Fig. 6). It has an upper chamber A (in which the tobacco is
placed) separated from a smaller lower chamber A', by a partition p, which has two
or more holes through it as at h. The extreme bottom has a hole which is plugged
by a stopper s-made of any suitable substance such as cork, charcoal or wood-

page_text: whilst the pipe is in use. Through the wall of the lower chamber A', just under
the partition, there are two or more holes, ¹, which lead-in an upward direction
preferably into an annular space that intervenes between the two bowls. The inner
bowl is provided with a collar e, e', (preferably made of metal) near its mouth, and
is firmly fastened to it by a screw-thread worked on the interior of the collar, as
represented in Fig. 1. The collar may also be made with a plain surface interiorly
as represented in Fig. 2, its aperture being shaped approximately to the shape of
the tapering inner bowl; and even when provided with the screw-thread,
this shape may with advantage be given it. The diameter of the inner bowl at
its mouth is always greater than that of the widest end of the aperture of the
collar.
It follows from-this construction, that the narrow or lower end of an inner bowl
will easily pass through the collar, which can be then screwed on, or pushed on, so as
to secure a good hold at the proper point; and owing to the tapering shape, and the
use that can be made of paper washers or such like, a considerable variation in the
sizes of the inner bowls is allowable; no great accuracy is required in their
manufacture; and hence they may be very inexpensive and renewable. The outside
face of rim of the collar is turned true to form a sufficiently stiff friction joint with
the upper part of the inside of the outer bowl which is also similarly turned. Or
screw threads may be substituted for the turned parts respectively, ciz.: on the outside
of the collar and the inside of the outer bowl if a screw-joint is preferred. The
upper edge of the collar may be provided with a circular flange k, k¹, which projects
outwards, and resting on the top edge of the outer bowl limits the depth to which the
inner bowl can be inserted. It also serves to give a hold for the fingers in fixing the
parts or separating them. But if the collar be made without the flange k, k¹, a
flange d, d, (Fig. 6.) on the inner bowl serves the purpose of a handle and a stop to
limit the insertion of the inner bowl in the outer bowl; but the arrangement of
having the flange on the collar is more simple and workable.
The outer bowl and stem B, B', are shown in their simplest pattern in Fig. 1.
They may be made of any suitable material. I prefer to make both parts of metal,
by any of the usual methods of making metal hollow-ware, such as stamping, casting
or spinning the tube part, or stem B¹, being attached to the bowl B, (if not cast
with it) by soldering or other known means, such as screw or friction joint. The
hollow of the outer bowl is made somewhat larger than the inner bowl, so that there
is an annular space between the two bowls. The interior width of the stem is made
large relatively to its length, and is capable of holding a considerable quantity of
absorbent material without having the smoke passage injuriously impeded. It is to
be understood, that the precise shape of the stem-cavity as represented in the diagrams
may he departed from, and a variety of shapes such as bulbs, contractions and other
devices, may be introduced, but the plain pattern I describe covers the essential
features of utility in the combination. The combined outer bowl B, and stem B',
may be stamped-or made by other known methods-complete in two halves, a right
and left, their edges when joined corresponding with the dotted line in Fig. 3 which
shows the outer bowl, collar and stem viewed perpendicularly from above. When
this plan of making the parts is adopted, one way of uniting their edges that may
be followed, is to bind the stem part by one or more bands of thin metal as at a, y,
and the bowl part by similar means as at 2.
The latter band has to be viewed
edgeways, and is indicated by the heavy black line encircling the bowl. A thin film
of any suitable cement may be interposed between the edges of. the two halves to
perfect the joint, and the stem may be made of a tapering shape-to allow the bands
to be more readily fitted on over it. In Fig. 3, the collar e, e¹, is represented without
the flange k, thus permitting top edge of the outer bowl to be seen, and the
edge of the band also.
A modification of the outer bowl is shown in Fig. 4, which is a central, vertical
section of the outer bowl, inner bowl, collar and stem. According to this method, a
part consisting of the base of the bowl, and the entire stem, is made in any of the
ways already mentioned by me. To the shallow bowl part, a tube preferably of

page_text: metal is then attached, being screwed to it, or fastened by other suitable means. The
tube part completes the proper depth of the outer bowl, and its upper part, next the
mouth, is interiorly provided with a screw-thread, or turned true so as to fit the
corresponding part of the collar e, e¹.
The end, D, of the stem is fitted either internally or externally to joint to the
mouth-piece. One pattern of the latter, is shown in the central sectional view, Fig. 5.
The plug o, of any suitable material such as bone or vulcanite, is screwed into the
end, and has a narrow check-hole through it which limits the draught of smoke to a
convenient quantity. It may be best male in the form of a slit instead of a round
hole. If the mouth piece fits over the stem, the plug is screwed a short distance in,
to allow room for the stem end.
The metal I prefer to use in the outer bowl is Aluminium, or any non-corrodible
metal, or metal protected from corrosion by silver plating, or by other suitable means.
To assist radiation, any of the parts may in suitable places, be coated with lamp-black
externally, or with some equivalent. The ornamentation too may be so arranged as to
contribute to it, by the adoption of frosted or dead surfaces in parts, instead of
burnished surfaces.
The action is as follows:-the tobacco being in chamber' A. of the inner bowl, the
smoke is drawn first into the lower chamber, and thence by the outlets f, f', into the
annular space between the bowls. From this it passes on to the stem, and next
through the narrow check-hole and mouthpiece. In its passage it becomes successively
cooled both in the outer bowl, and in the stem, and the moisture which results from
the condensation, is deposited on the large cooling surfaces of the outer bowl and
stem, or is absorbed by the simple absorbent material which may be placed in the
stem-cavity. Hence the smoke reaches the mouth both cool and dry which is about
the best possible condition it can be in. The cleaning of the pipe is a simple matter.
By simply lifting out the inner bowl, complete access is had to the outer bowl, and
similarly the large stem can be easily cleaned by removing the mouthpiece. The
check-hole in the latter is also perfectly accessible, being at or quite close to, the
end. A piece of any waste paper rolled loosely to resemble a short cigarette, will
make an excellent absorber and dryer, and take neither trouble to make, nor to place
in the stem, nor to remove it from the stem. The thicker fluid and ashes will he
deposited in the lower chamber A¹ which can be cleaned by removing the plug, s.
If the inner bowls be made of common pipe clay, which is the material I prefer,
the simplest way to cleanse, is to withdraw the plug, and burn the bowl which will
perfectly clean and whiten it. Being very inexpensive they can be also readily
replaced by new ones, to avoid any cleaning at all.
With reference to the collar e, et, to prevent ambiguity, I wish to point out, that
I mean by this part, a permanent fitting of rigid material with accurately turned or
screwed rim to joint with the outer bowl, and not a inere packing or washer capable of
being forced into the outer bowl.
On the contrary washers or packing may be used with the collar (internally) so
as to make it tightly grip inner bowls of almost any size within reasonable limits.
Its function is to serve as a movable mouth for the outer bowl, whereby inner
bowls of imperfect shape and irregular sizes may be used, and the frequent connecting
and separating of the two bowls is effected entirely by means of perfectly fitted
joints. I prefer to use metal in the collar, but obviously other materials such for
instance as bone or ebonite may be used.-I have used the same letters to indicate
the same parts in the several drawings.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1: In a tobacco pipe, the combination consisting of the inner bowl provided with
a removable collar e, e', (Figs. 1, 2 and 6) and containing the upper and lower
chambers A, A¹; perforated partition p; lower hole with plug; and the smoke
outlets f, f¹, substantially as herein before.described.

page_text: 2. In a tobacco pipe, the outer vapor-condensing bowl B, provided with the collar
or removable mouth e, e¹, (Figs. 1, 3 and 4) which serves to connect the outer with an
inner bowl, and is so constructed as to be readily attachable to inner bowls of different
sizes substantially as herein before described.
3. In a tobacco pipe, the collar or holder e, e¹, (Figs. 1 and 2) having its rim
turned or screwed on its outside face for jointing with an outer bowl, and its interior
constructed so as to be readily attachable to inner bowls of different sizes: substantially
as hereinbefore described.
4. In a tobacco pipe, the combination of the outer bowl B and the stem B¹ all made
of metal, and consisting of right and left halves bound together by bands of metal,
or soldering or by other suitable known means: substantially as herein before described,
and as illustrated by Fig. 3.
Dated the 'Wiftannth day of March 1880