IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS SAFETY LAMPS
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Morgan Sculptor of Pontypridd in the County
of Glamorgan, for an invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS SAFETY
LAMPS
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Morgan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th June 1882.
WILLIAM MORGAN Sculptor of Pontypridd in the County of Glamorgan.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS SAFETY LAMPS
"
My improved safety lamp for miners is so constructed that the oxygen enters
the lamp through the bottom of the body ring through holes bored all around the
same and enters an annular space around the base of the lamp from which it enters
a series of internal tubes through holes bored around the ring. The upward current
of air then passes into a central space in the body of lamp, and encased by 2 glass
cylinders, and in so doing, supplies the burners with oxygen, which has to pass
around and through the flame.
After combustion, the carbonic acid gas enters a series of internal tubes above
the burners and escapes out near the top of the lamp. The usual wire gauze can
be fixed under the bottom tubes and also on the top tubes. The upward current
of carbonic acid gas prevents the carburetted bydrogen from descending through
the tubes.
The ring or cap is fitted around the burners on another ring or cylinder below
in such manner, that it can be easily lifted off and on every time the lamp is
lighted.
There is no novelty in the use of 2 glass cylinders nor in the use of wire gauze
or trimmer the same being in common use in miners safety lamps. My invention
consists in the application of 2 or more lights or burners and 2 or more internal
tubes to carry the air up vertically and thence to the flame.
On a sudden blower of gas taking place the carburetted hydrogen having to pass
through the flame, and the said flame being supplied with only sufficient oxygen to
cause perfect combustion and the said outlet on top only sufficient to discharge the
carbonic acid gas from the usual flame, directly the flame is made larger by gas
entering the same it is iminediately choked by the extra qnantity of carbonic
acid gas entering the said tubes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said William Morgan in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
12th December 1882.
«
WILLIAM MORGAN, Sculptor, of Pontypridd in the County of Glamorgan
IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS SAFETY LAMPS
My improved safety lamp for miners is so constructed that the oxygen or
atmospheric air enters the lamp through the bottom of the body ring at A through
holes A bored all around the same as represented in the Drawing hereto annexed
which is a vertical section of a miners safety lamp arranged and constructed in
accordance with my Invention. The air enters an annular space B around the base
of the lamp from which it enters a series of two or more internal tubes X (advan-
tageously annular tubes) through vertical holes bored around the ring. The upward
current of air then passes into a central space O below and above the cap P in the
body of the lamp which space O is encased by two glass cylinders M N.
spheric air is thus supplied to the burner or burners Q R S which air has to pass
around and through the flame.
Atmo-
more separato burners may be used in combination with my
One or
improvements.
After combustion the carbonic acid gas enters into and between a series of two
or more internal tubes II. (advantageously annular tubes) supported by the cross
wires E and flange or rim E¹ above the burners and escapes out near the top of the
lamp at D D.
The usual wire gauze or gauzes G may be fixed under the bottom tubes XX
and also over the top tubes H. as shown.
The upward current of carbonic acid gas prevents the carburetted hydrogen from
descending through the tubes H.
The ring or cap P is fitted around the burners upon the ring or cylinder Z by
pins and sockets or in such manner, than it can be easily lifted off and on every
time the lamp is lighted.
The part Z carrying the burners is connected to the body of the lamp by
screwing them together at bb and the parts are secured together by a lock in the
ordinary manner.
There is no novelty in the use of two glass cylinders nor in the use of the wire
gauze or of trimmers the same being in common use in miners safety lamps but
one part of my improvements consists in the use and application of two or more
lights or burners and also in the use of two or more internal tubes X to conduct
the air up vertically and thence to the flame the products of combustion being
conducted away by the tubes H and outlet D.
On a sudden blower of explosive gas taking place the carburetted hydrogen
having to pass through and around the flame, and the said flame being supplied
through the ring or body A with only just sufficient oxygen or atmospheric air to
cause perfect combustion and the said outlet D on the top being only sufficient to
discharge the carbonic acid gas from the flame of the lamp directly the flame is
made larger by explosive or carburetted hydrogen gas entering the same with the
atmospheric air the flame is immediately choked by the extra quantity of carbonic
acid gas entering and being unable to escape by the said tubes and outlet D.
The arrangement construction and combination of the other parts of the lamp
are clearly indicated in the drawing.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner of per-
forming or carrying the same into practice I would remark that I make no claim

page_text: to any of the parts separately which are well known and in common use But what
I claim is
First. The improved arrangement and application to miners safety lamps of two
or more separate burners such as QRS supplied with air substantially in the
manner and for the purpose herein before described and represented in the drawing
hercto annexed.
Second. I claim the improved arrangement and construction of miners safety
lamps in which the air for combustion is supplied to the burners by the tubes or
passages X and the products of combustion carried off by tubes and outlet D
arranged to act substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein before
described and represented in the drawings annexed.
Thirdly. I claim the improved arrangement construction and combination of
parts forming the improved miners safety lamp arranged to act substantially
in the manner herein before described and represented in the drawing hereto
annexed.
In witness whereof I the said William Morgan have hereunto set my hand
and seal this eleventh day of December in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty two.
Witness
JG TONGUE
Patent Agent
34 Southampton Buildings
Chancery Lane W C
WILLIAM MORGAN. (L.S.)