IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM-PUMPS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER MOTIVE POWER ENGINES
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Tangye, of the Firm of Tangye Brothers, of
Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Manufacturers, and Thomas
Jefferiss, the younger, of Handsworth, in the County of Stafford, Mechanical
Engineer, and James Richard Williams, of Handsworth aforesaid, Mechanical
Engineer, for an Invention of IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM-PUMPS, PARTS OF
WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO STEAM ENGINES AND OTHER
MOTIVE POWER ENGINES."
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Tangye, Thomas
Jefferiss, and James Richard Williams at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents on the 7th December 1880.
GEORGE TANGYE, of the Firm of Tangye Brothers, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Manufacturers, and THOMAS JEFFERISS, the younger, of
Handsworth, in the County of Stafford, Mechanical Engineer, and JAMES RICHARD
WILLIAMS, of Handsworth aforesaid, Mechanical Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM PUMPS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO STEAM
ENGINES AND OTHER MOTIVE POWER ENGINES."
Our Invention consists essentially of the improvements herein after described in
steam pumps for constant and variable loads, the said steam pumps being fitted,
when used with variable loads, with automatic expansion gearing controlled by an
improved governor and effecting the condensation of the exhaust steam.
Our improvements may be used conjointly or separately and are in part
applicable to steam engines other than pumping engines and to other motive power
engines.
Steam pumps made according to our Invention, when used for feeding steam
boilers or for other work having a regular load, may be used without the automatic
expansion gear and governor herein after described, the steam cylinder being
provided with the ordinary slide or other valve. Our automatic expansion gear
consists of the combination of parts hereinafter described whereby the expansion
valve or valves are rapidly shifted to cover the steam ports in the main valve or

page_text: valves at any required part of the stroke of the pump or engine, only a very small
governor being required to determine the time at which this shall take place. The
expansion valve or valves are secured to a spindle having a piston at each end
working in a cylinder cast or secured to the ends of the valve chest in place of the
ordinary stuffing box, each cylinder being connected to opposite ends of the main
steam cylinder. Intersecting these connections are small lift valves which are opened
and closed by adjustable tappets secured to a rod worked from an eccentric on the
crank shaft. The positions of these tappets are fixed by the governor herein after
described operating upon right and left handed screws, to which these tappets are
connected. On the lifting of either of the lift valves the corresponding expansion
cylinder will be placed in connection with one end of the main steam cylinder, and
the steam flowing in will cause the piston and expansion valve immediately to move
on and close the steam port in the main slide valve, the lift valve and gear being so
arranged that the lift valve shall not close until the main piston has nearly com-
pleted its stroke, thus allowing the steam in the expansion cylinder to be expanded
to the same pressure as that of the steam in the main cylinder. In each expansion
cylinder is a small valve opening inwards for the passage of the steam from the
main cylinder when the lift valve is opened. We arrange an outlet passage a short
distance from the bottom of each cylinder, so that when the expansion piston is
travelling back the exhaust steam in front of the piston shall escape until the
piston covers this passage. The steam remaining between the bottom of the
cylinder and piston acts as a cushion to prevent injury to the moving parts.
We work the lift valves by levers secured to spindles enclosed in small brass
steam tight boxes, one secured to each expansion cylinder. On one side of these
boxes there is a small gland fitted with a steel bush, through which the spindle
works with a V shaped projection against the inside face of the steel bush so as to
secure a steam tight joint in place of the usual stuffing box.
We improve the governor which we employ for regulating the pumping engine
and for regulating other steam engines and other motive power engines in the
following manner :-One of our improvements in the said governors relates to the
springs which act as a counterbalance to retard the rising of the pendulums, and
allow of them being driven at an increased velocity. These springs have hitherto
been arranged so as to be in compression when acted on by the pendulums. We
bring them into tension when acted on by the pendulums by fixing them above the
pendulums in a small chamber on the top of the governor spindle. By this
arrangement we obviate the friction caused by the spring bending when in com-
pression and rubbing against the sides of the sleeve. By the changed position of the
spring it is kept free from dirt and oil.
Another of our improvements in governors consists in connecting the pendulums
to the small chamber containing the spring by thin flexible metal strips. These
strips when working bend round arcs forged on the top sides of the pendulums and
thus raise or lower the governor spindle which is connected by a lever to the right
and left handed screws on the rod carrying the tappets. The bearing surface of
the governor sleeve revolves in a bath of oil, a small chamber being cast round the
top of the governor frame to contain the said oil.
We employ the governor described for engines not fitted with automatic
expansion gear by fixing the governor frame on a metal body with a steam chamber
cast round the outside in communication with the steam branch and communicated
to the inside by suitable ports. In this steam chamber there is fitted an
equilibrium valve with openings cast in it for the passage of the steam. This valve
is keyed on a spindle and works over the ports in the body, opening or closing the
said parts as determined by the governor.
According to another of our improvements we arrange the equilibrium valve to
be used at any time as a stop valve and also fit the same with an automatic
arrangement for closing it should the action of the governor cease by the driving
belt breaking or otherwise getting deranged, thus saving the engine from the damage
that may be caused by excessive speed. To accomplish this we fit the spindle of

page_text: the valve with three separate levers, the outside ones being loose and the middle
one keyed on the spindle. This spindle is forged with a small handle and fitted
with a spring and pall, which when in gear locks into a notch on one of the loose
levers connected by a rod to the governor lever, so that the motion is transmitted
by means of the pall to the fast lever on the equilibrium valve spindle. By lifting
this pall the governor can be detached so as not to act on the valve, which can then
be closed or opened by the hand lever. The third lever, which is loose on the valve
spindle gland, is fitted at its extremity with a sinall pulley inade of wood or metal.
The lever and pulley are supported in their proper positions by the governor
driving belt, the pulley revolving with it. Towards the middle of the lever there
is a curved adjustable trip, which, should the belt break or come off, the pulley will
come in contact with the pall in the fast lever and disconnect it from the governor
and thus bring the equilibrium valve over to close the steam ports.
This arrangement can be used with existing governors by adopting a separate
throttle valve with gear as previously described.
We sometimes construct the governor in another form, fitting it with an
equilibrium valve worked by a small cam keyed on one end of a spindle enclosed in
a metal box or in the governor body itself, the other end of the spindle projecting
through a gland fitted with a steel bush. The spindle has a V projection working
against the inside face of the steel bush so as to make a steam tight joint in place
of the usual stuffing box. A spring is placed outside to keeep the spindle in
position when the steam is not acting againt the projection. On the outer end of
the spindle is a lever which is placed in connection with the governor spindle.
Another of our improvements consists in working the pump from the piston rod
with a circular loop intersecting the piston and pump rod and only of sufficient
size to admit of a bow crank to half the stroke and connecting the crank to the
piston rod by links on either side of the loop instead of inside as heretofore.
For engines not fitted with the automatic cut off gear we adopt a circular slide
valve for the steam cylinder fitted loose on a rectangular spindle with turned ends,
one end working in a steel bush brought close to a V collar turned on the spindle
in place of the usual stuffing box. This valve can be worked by a link from a
small crank and pin keyed on the crank shaft or by an eccentric and rod.
We effect the condensation of the steam by utilizing the suction water as it enters
the pump, and for this purpose we use a three way valve fitted with an injection
nozzle for the passage of the water, the exhaust steam being mixed with it and
condensed in its passage to the pump, the three way valve being employed to allow
of the exhaust steam being discharged into the atmosphere until the pump is
charged and properly at work.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Tangye, Thomas Jefferiss, and James Richard Williams in
the Great Seal Patent Office on the 30th May 1881.
GEORGE TANGYE, of the Firm of Tangye Brothers, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Manufacturers, and THOMAS JEFFERISS, the younger, of
Handsworth, in the County of Stafford, Mechanical Engineer, and JAMES RICHARD
WILLIAMS, of Handsworth aforesaid, Mechanical Engineer. IMPROVEMENTS IN
STEAM PUMPS, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO STEAM
ENGINES AND OTHER MOTIVE POWER ENGINES."
"
Our Invention consists essentially of the improvements hereinafter described in
steam pumps for constant and variable loads, the said steam pumps being fitted,
when used with variable loads, with automatic expansion gearing controlled by an
improved governor and effecting the condensation of the exhaust steam.
Our improvements may be used conjointly or separately, and are in part applicable
to steam engines other than pumping engines and to other motive power engines.
Steam pumps made according to our Invention when used for feeding steam
boilers or for other work having a regular load may be used without the auto-
matic expansion gear and governor hereinafter described, the steam cylinder being
provided with the ordinary slide or other valve.
Our automatic expansion gear consists of the combination of parts hereinafter
described, whereby the expansion valve or valves are rapidly shifted to cover the
steam ports in the main valve or valves at any required part of the stroke of the
pump or engine, only a very small governor being required to determine the time
at which this shall take place. The expansion valve or valves are secured to a
spindle having a piston at each end working in a cylinder cast or secured to the
ends of the valve chest in place of the ordinary stuffing box, each cylinder being
connected to opposite ends of the main steam cylinder. Intersecting these con-
nections are small lift valves which are opened and closed by adjustable tappets
secured to a rod worked from an eccentric on the crank shaft. The positions of
these tappets are fixed by the governor, herein after described, operating upon
right and left handed screws to which these tappets are connected. On the
lifting of either of the lift valves the corresponding expansion cylinder will be
placed in connection with one end of the main steam cylinder, and the steam
flowing in will cause the piston and expansion valve immediately to move on and
close the steam port in the main slide valve, the lift valve and gear being so
arranged that the lift valve shall not close until the main piston has nearly
completed its stroke, thus allowing the steam in the expansion cylinder to be
expanded to the same pressure as that of the steam in the main cylinder.
We work the lift valves by levers secured to spindles enclosed in small brass
steam tight boxes, one secured to each expansion cylinder. On one side of these
boxes there is a small gland fitted with a steel bush through which the spindle
works, the said spindle having a conical projection which bears against the inside
face of the steel bush so as to secure a steam tight joint in place of the usual
stuffing box.
This part of our Invention is illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 5ª of the
accompanying Drawings, Figure 1 representing in side elevation, Figure 2 in
longitudinal vertical section, Figure in cross section, and Figure in plan, our
improved automatic expansion gear applied to a steam pump; Figure 5 represents
details of the same drawn to a larger scale, and Figure 5A represents, drawn to a
larger scale, the right and left handed screw arrangement represented in Figure 2.

page_text: The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
and 5A.
a is the expansion valve (or valves) secured to the spindle b, the said expansion
valve or valves opening and closing the ports to the main steam cylinder a² in the
ordinary way. On the ends of the spindle bare small pistons marked respectively c¹
and c. These small pistons work in the cylinders c³, c³, cast on or secured to the
ends of the main valve chest a³. The cylinders c³, c', are used in place of ordinary
stuffing boxes. The said cylinders c³, c, are connected by the passages c³, c6, to
opposite ends of the main steam cylinder a³, as seen in Figure 4. Intersecting the
passages c, c, and near the cylinders c, c, are small lift valves marked respec-
tively d', d², pressed to their seats by coiled springs. These lift valves are opened
and allowed to close at the proper times by means of tappets e¹, e², worked from
an eccentric on the crank shaft of the pump, and controlled by the action of a
governor preferably of the kind hereinafter described. By the reciprocating
motion of the tappet rod the tappets e¹, e², are alternately made to act upon the
arms 3, 4, of the lift valves d1, d2, and raise the said valves from their seats. On
the lifting of either of the lift valves d' or d² the corresponding expansion cylinder
cor c³ is put in communication with one end of the main steam cylinder by means
of the passage c or co, and the steam entering the said expansion cylinder c' or c³
gives motion to the pistons c' and c², and causes the expansion valve a to imme-
diately close the steam port in the main slide valve, the lift valve and its gear
being so arranged that it shall not close until the main piston has nearly completed
its stroke, thus allowing the steam in the expansion cylinder c³ or c* to be expanded
to the same pressure as that in the main cylinder a².
The expansion spindle 6 is lengthened at each end beyond the pistons c³, c², for
carrying additional pistons, marked respectively h¹ and h². These pistons h¹, h²,
work in small air cylinders h³, h, the air in which acts as a cushion to prevent
injury to the working parts, as seen in Figure 2. The lift valves d', d², are worked
in the manner best seen in Figure 5. On the summits of the cases containing the
lift valves are air tight boxes k, and in each box k is a lever i, the free end of
which works in the head of the valve spindle. These levers i are provided with
spindles ³, which pass to the outside of the boxes k, and carry the arms 23, 24, upon
which the tappets e¹, e², act. The spindles of the lifting levers i, i, pass through
hard gun metal glands k². The spindles 2 of the said levers are provided with
conical shoulders, which work against the inside faces of the glands k², so as to
secure a tight joint in place of the usual stuffing box.
The parts for carrying the tappets e¹, e², and for controlling the positions of the
said tappets by the action of the governor are constructed in the manner best seen in
Figure 2, and the enlarged view of a part of the same in Figure 5^. f,f, are tubes,
to the outer ends of which the tappets e¹, e², are screwed so as to be capable of
adjustment thereon. The inner ends of the said tubes f, f, have expanded
heads f, f, which are made into screw boxes, in which the right and left handed
connected screws g', g², respectively work. The rod from the eccentric on the
crank shaft of the pump is connected to the screw g', and by the motion of the said
rod a reciprocating sliding motion is given to the parts f, f, f, f³, g¹, g², and the
tappets e, e, are made at the proper times to operate upon the lift valves d', d²,
through the outer arms 3, 4, and the inner arms i connected with the said lift
valves.
Around the spindle of the double screw g¹, g², the eye of a lever p² is connected
by a sliding key, the said key permitting the screw to slide through the said eye.
When the lever p² is turned through a small angle the screw is carried with it, but
the screw boxes f² and f³ are prevented from turning by feathers fixed on the
bearing, and taking into the underside of the said boxes.
In order to keep the speed of the engine regular under a varying load the
governor spindle is connected through the lever p, connecting rod p³, and lever p

page_text: to the right and left handed screws g¹, g³, as seen in Figure 2; when the governor
spindle descends the screws g', 9, are turned through a small angle, and so moving
the screw boxes f2, f³, of the tubes f, f, carrying the tappets e, e, that the said
tubes are separated further from each other, and the tappets are thereby moved
into such positions that they act later upon the levers 3, 4, and the lift valves d', d²,
are not lifted so early during the stroke of the steam piston by the said tappets,
thus making the expansion valve cut off later, or vice versa, as required by the
load on the engine.
We improve the governor which we employ for regulating the pumping engine,
and for regulating other steam engines and other motive power engines, in the
following manner :-One of our improvements in the said governors relates to the
springs, which act as a counter-balance to retard the rising of the pendulums, and
allow of them being driven at an increased velocity.
These springs have hitherto been arranged so as to be in compression when acted
on by the pendulums. We bring them into tension when acted on by the
pendulums by fixing them above the pendulums in a small chamber on the top of
the governor spindle. By this arrangement we obviate the friction caused by the
spring bending when in compression, and rubbing against the sides of the sleeve.
By the changed position of the spring it is kept free from dirt and oil.
Another of our improvements in governors consists in connecting the pendulums
to the small chamber containing the spring by thin flexible metal strips.
These strips when working bend round arcs forged on the top sides of the
pendulums, and thus raise or lower the governor spindle, which is connected by a
lever to the right and left handed screws on the rod carrying the tappets. The
bearing surface of the governor sleeve revolves in a bath of oil, a small chamber
being cast round the top of the governor frame to contain the said oil. We employ
the governor described for engines not fitted with automatic expansion gear by
fixing the governor frame on a metal body with a steam chamber cast round the
outside in communication with the steam branch, and communicated to the inside
by suitable ports. In this steam chamber there is fitted an equilibrium valve with
openings cast in it for the passage of the steam. This valve is keyed on a spindle,
and works over the ports in the body, opening or closing the said ports as
determined by the governor.
According to another of our improvements we arrange the equilibrium valve to
be used at any time as a stop valve, and also fit the same with an automatic
arrangement for closing it should the action of the governor cease by the driving
belt breaking or otherwise getting deranged, thus saving the engine from the
damage that may be caused by excessive speed. To accomplish this we fit the
spindle of the valve with three separate levers, the outside ones being loose and
the middle one keyed on the spindle. This lever is forged with a small handle
and fitted with a spring and pawl, which, when in gear, locks into a notch on one
of the loose levers connected by a rod to the governor lever, so that the motion is
transmitted by means of the pawl to the fast lever on the equilibrium valve
spindle.
By lifting this pawl the governor can be detached so as not to act on the valve,
which can then be closed or opened by the hand lever. The third lever, which is
loose on the valve spindle gland, is fitted at its extremity with a small pulley
made of wood or metal.
The lever and pulley are supported in their proper positions by the governor
driving belt, the pulley revolving with it. Towards the middle of the lever there
is a curved adjustable trip, which, should the belt brake or come off the pulley,
will come in contact with the pawl in the fast lever and disconnect it from
the governor, and thus bring the equilibrium valve over to close the steam ports.
This arrangement can be used with existing governors by adopting a separate
throttle valve with gear as previously described.
Figure 6 represents partly in front elevation and partly in vertical section, and

page_text: Figure 7 in side elevation partly in vertical section, a governor for controlling
steam pumps and steam engines, and other motive power engines, the said governor
being combined with an equilibrium valve controlled by the said governor or used
as a stop valve; Figure 8 is a section of the equilibrium valve and steam chamber
taken in a plane at right angles to that in which the section of Figure 7 is taken;
Figure 9 represents a portion of the governor drawn to a larger scale; and
Figures 10 and 11 represent parts of the equilibrium valve and its gearing drawn
to a larger scale. o is the governor spindle, and p is the rotating sleeve, and n, n,
the pendulums, the bearings of which are carried by the said sleeve; q is the coiled
spring acting as a counterbalance to retard the rising of the pendulums n, n. The
spring q is situated above the pendulums in the chamber 1, the upper end of the
spring being connected to the head of the governor body and the lower end to
the top of the governor spindle o. When the pendulums n, n, rise into the
positions indicated by the dotted lines in Figure 6, the descent of the spindle o
brings the spring q into a state of tension, as will be understood by an examination
of the Drawing. By arranging the spring 9 in the position represented the
advantages herein before pointed out are secured.
The pendulums n are connected to the small chamber by thin flexible metal
strips m, one end of each strip being connected to the top of the chamber and
the other end to the arc n² of the pendulum. The sliding chamber is connected
to the governor spindle o. When the pendulums rise from their normal positions
the said flexible metal strips m wind upon the said arcs n² of the pendulums and
thereby lower the governor spindle o. As the pendulums resume their normal
positions the strips m pass from off the arcs n², as seen in the Drawing, and thereby
permit the governor spindle to be raised by the action of the spring q.
The bearing surface of the governor sleeve revolves in a bath of oil at the top of
the governor frame q².
When this governor is used with the automatic expansion gear herein before
described the motion of the governor spindle is transmitted through the levers p,p²,
and rod p³, Figure 3, to the expansion gear as before described.
When the governor represented is to work an equilibrium valve we combine
the governor and valve together in the manner represented in Figures 6, 7, and 8.
We fix the governor frame q² on a metal body r provided with a steam chamber 8;
u is the equilibrium valve fixed on the axis v, and opening and closing the
ports t, t, between the two branches 2, 3, as determined by the governor. The
governor spindle o is connected to the equilibrium valve u through the cranked
lever z, rod z², and levers y, x, as hereinafter explained, and best seen in the
enlarged views, Figures 10 and 11.
The equilibrium valve u may be used as a stop valve.
In addition to mechanism for working the valve u by the governor we combine
with the said valve the automatic arrangement herein-after described, whereby
the valve is closed should the action of the governor cease by the breaking of the
driving belt or the disconnection of the belt from the pulley, and thereby prevent
injury to the engine.
For these purposes we fit on the spindle of the valve u three levers w, x, y.
The middle lever x is keyed on the valve spindle, but the outer levers w, y, are
loose on the said spindle. The middle lever x is furnished with a handle and is
fitted with a spring pawl 2, which pawl when in gear with a notch in the loose
lever y connects the said lever through the fixed lever x with the equilibrium
valve u. The lever Y is connected through the rod 2 with the governor lever z.
By this arrangement the spindle of the equilibrium valve u may be geared to or
ungeared from the governor at pleasure. When the pawl 2 is in gear with the
lever y the equilibrium valve u is controlled by the governor, but when the pawl 2
is lifted from the notch in the lever y the equilibrium valve u is no longer connected
with the governor, and by means of the handle on the fixed lever x the said
valve may be opened and closed by hand, the said valve acting as a stop valve.

page_text: The third lever w, fitted loosely on the gland of the spindle of the equilibrium
valve, has at its extremity a sinall loose pulley b. The governor belt besides
passing around the pulley b² also passes around the loose pulley b, thereby
supporting the said pulley b and the lever w carrying it in the position represented.
On the lever w is a curved adjustable trip c for disengaging or lifting the pawl 2
from the notch in the lever y. Should the belt driving the governor break or
become accidentally removed from the pulley 62 the lever w falls, and the trip c on
it acts upon the pawl 2, and lifts it from the notch in the lever y. The connection
between the governor and the equilibrium valve u is thereby broken. As the
lever w falls the projection on the end of the trip c comes in contact with the fixed
lever x, bringing it and the equilibrium valve over, so as to shut off the steam from
the steam ports.
This arrangement may be used with ordinary governors by employing a separate
throttle valve and gear, as last described, for guarding against injury to the
governor strap.
Instead of using the equilibrium valve u, Figures 6, 7, and 8, an equilibrium
valve of the kind represented in Figure 12 may be employed. This valve is centred
eccentrically instead of concentrically.
We sometimes construct the governor in another form, fitting it with an
equilibrium valve worked by a small cam keyed on one end of a spindle enclosed
in a metal box, or in the governor body itself, the other end of the spindle
projecting through a gland fitted with a steel bush. The spindle has a conical
shoulder working against the inside face of the steel bush, so as to make a steam
tight joint in place of the usual stuffing box. A spring is placed inside to keep the
spindle.in position when the steam is not acting against the conical shoulder. On
the outer end of the spindle is a lever, which is placed in connection with the
governor spindle.
For engines not fitted with the automatic cut off gear we adopt a circular slide
valve for the steam cylinder fitted loose on a rectangular spindle with turned ends,
one end working in a steel bush brought close to a conical collar turned on the
spindle in place of a stuffing box. This valve can be worked by a link from a
small crank and pin keyed on the crank shaft, or by an eccentric and rod.
This part of our Invention is illustrated in cross section, longitudinal section, and
plan in Figure 13, where the valve having motion through part of a circle is
marked h; i is the spindle of the valve projecting from the valve box, and worked
in any convenient way. The manner in which the motion of the valve / through
a small angle opens and closes the ports at the proper times will be understood by
an examination of the cross section of Figure 10.
Another of our improvements consists in working the pump from the piston rod
with a circular loop intersecting the piston and pump rod, and only of sufficient
size to admit of a bow crank to half stroke, and connecting the crank to the piston
rod by links on either side of the loop instead of inside, as heretofore.
This part of our Invention is illustrated in Figures 14, 15, and 16; Figure 14
representing a side elevation, Figure 15, a plan, and Figure 16 an end elevation of
a steam pump containing these improvements, the said steam pump having also
combined with it a governor and automatic expansion gear of the construction
before described.
d is the piston rod of the pump, and g is the pump rod, the said piston rod and
pump rod being connected together by the circular loop e between them; i is the
shaft of the pumping engine carrying the fly wheel and the eccentric / working the
rod m, through which the tappet rods of the automatic expansion gear are actuated,
as before described; k is the bow crank on the shaft i working within the loop e.
The arms of the crank k are connected by the links f, f, to the piston rod d, the
said links being situated on either side of the loop e, as best seen in Figure 15.
We effect the condensation of the exhaust steam from the steam cylinder of the

page_text: pump by utilizing the suction water as it enters the pump, and for this purpose we
use a three way valve fitted with an injection nozzle for the passage of the water,
the exhaust steam being mixed with it and condensed in its passage to the pump,
the three way valve being employed to allow of the exhaust steam being discharged
into the atmosphere until the pump is charged and properly at work.
A valve of this construction is represented in section and plan in Figure 17. The
suction water enter the valve by the pipe a and passes by the pipe d into the
pump.
In the pipe d is an injection nozzle d² for the exhaust steam, the said nozzle
opening at its base into the exhaust steam pipe b, and at its narrow end into the
pipe d; e is the pipe by which the exhaust may be permitted to escape into the
atmosphere; e is a screw valve turned by a hand wheel by which the injection
nozzle d² may be closed, and the exhaust passage b made to open into the escape
pipe c.
When the pump is started the valve e is made to close the steam injection
nozzle d², and the exhaust steam from the pipe b escapes into the atmosphere by
the pipe c. When the pump is charged and properly at work the valve e is returned
to the position represented in the Drawing, when the exhaust steam passes through
the injection nozzle d, and mixes with the suction water entering the pump by the
pipe a. The said exhaust steam is thereby condensed in its passage to the pump.
This valve is represented combined with the steam pump shown in Figures 14 and 15
the exhaust steam pipe from the steam eylinder being marked ƒ³. The parts of
the valve in Figures 14 and 15 are marked with the same letters of reference as
corresponding in Figure 17.
Having now described the nature of our Invention, and the manner in which
the same is to be performed, we wish it to be understood that we claim as our
Invention of "Improvements in Steam Pumps, Parts of which Improvements are
also applicable to Steain Engines and other Motive Power."
First. The construction and combination of the parts of automatic expansion
gear for steam pumps and steam engines and other motive power engines, herein
before described and illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 5ª of the accompanying
Drawings, that is to say:-The combination of the small pistons c¹, c², on the
spindle of the expansion valve or valves with the lift valves d', d², the said lift
valves being opened at the proper times by tappets e¹, e², the several parts being
arranged and working, substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated;
also the construction of the parts inarked f, f, f2, f³, g', g², constituting the tappet
rods for controlling the position of the tappets by the action of the governor, the
motion of the governor being transmitted to the tappet rods, substantially as
described and illustrated.
Secondly. The improvements in governors for steam pumps and steam engines
and other motive power engines, herein before described and illustrated in Figures
6, 7, and 9 of the accompanying Drawings, that is to say, arranging the counter-
balance spring or springs by which the rising of the pendulums is retarded in a
chamber above the governor spindle, the said spring or springs being elongated and
brought into a state of tension when the governor spindle is depressed by the action
of the pendulums for the purpose and substantially as described and illustrated;
also connecting the pendulums by means of thin metal strips to the spring chamber
of the governor, the said chamber being fixed to or forming prolongations of the
governor spindle, the said thin metal strips being wound upon or unwound from arcs
on the pendulums for the purpose and substantially as described and illustrated.
Thirdly. The construction and combination of the parts of an equilibrium valve
controlled by the governor, or capable of being used as a stop valve herein before
described and illustrated in Figures 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, and 12 of the accompanying
Drawings, also the combination or arrangement of parts described and illustrated
in Figures 6, 7, 10, and 11, for closing the equilibrium valve, should the action of

page_text: the governor cease by the breaking of the driving band or its accidental disengage-
ment from the driving pulley of the governor.
In witness whereof, we, the Thomas Jefferiss and James Richard Williams,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twenty seventh day of May, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
Witness,
GEORGE SHAW.
(L.S.)
THOMAS JEFFERISS, JUNE.
JAMES RICHARD WILLIAMS. (L.S.)