Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Dec., 1859-Accepted, 4th Oct...1890
following statement :-
This invention relates to sectional steam generators of the type well known as the
Babcock and Wilcox water-tube boiler and it consists of various improved arrangements:
and combinations of parts devised mainly to ensure increased efficiency of such
generators as adapted both for land and marine purposes.
In the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a modification of the improved steam
generator,
"
Figure 2 is a plan,
Figure 3 a front elevation and..
Figure 4 a cross section of the same.
Figures 5, 6 and 7 are views of details hereinafter referred to.
Figure 8 is a longitudinal vertical section and
Figure 9 a view partly in front elevation and partly in. cross section of a modification
of the generator as adapted for marine purposes.: .
Referring particularly to Figures: 1 to 4 the steam generator therein represented is
composed of a series of inclined water tubes A situated over a fire grate within a com-.
bustion chamber B and connected at their ends to front and rear headers C,. C, which
communicate with a steam and water drum.or reservoir D, the arrangement representing
a modification of the construction usually followed in similar types of the Babcock and
Wilcox boiler, in so far that the water tabes are assembled in groups of four tubes
opposite each handhole in the headers; and the connection of the front headers instead
of being direct to the drum. is made by nipples e to a transverse water tube or
manifold E. which is, connected by a series of horizontal water tubes F to the drum D
placed transversely at the rear. The rear headers are connected directly to the drum D by:
means of curved tubes e' which simplify the construction and permit of the rear headers
being placed farther back, whereby a greater length is obtained of, the inclined water.
tubes A than would be possible ordinarily or, without a more costly and difficult.
arrangement.
To obtain a greater steam space and to prevent the possibility of any water being,
entrained by the steam in the event of a sudden demand being made upon the boiler
the drum is connected by suitable pipes F to a supplementary steam drum or
collector. G from which the steam supply is taken by an upturned pipe: H. Any water
carried over by the steam.in the manner indicated, or that resulting from condensation,
would be drained off automatically through a pipe I provided with a self-closing,
valve i connecting the. drum G, and manifold E, as represented on an enlarged scale
at Figures 5, and 6.
The weight of the drums D, G, and of the parts depending from them is supported
by means of a framing J composed of angle irons carried up from the ground level or
base girders J at front and rear in the side walls of the combustion chamber and
extending longitudinally at top under both drums the upper ends being tied by bars j,
at front and rear; and from the drum G, the cross, tube or manifold E from which
the front headers are suspended, is supported by straps g passing under said manifold.
and bolted or riveted to the drum. For the purpose of heating the feed water for the,
boiler, a series of bent or coiled tubes K is provided and connected at their ends to
upper and lower longitudinal manifolds. K³, the tubes K, being placed within the:
uptake L, leading from the combustion chamber B, to the chimney or smoke stack.
"Into the lower manifold K', the cold feed water is admitted by a pipe connection:
Гр

page_text: and passing thence through the coiled tubes K, to the upper manifold K', is thence
delivered by a pipe k, dipping into the drum D, the inflowing water being heated in
its passage through the tubes K, K, by the waste fire gases.
The usual mud drum M. is provided and in order. to ensure sufficient thickness of
metal for expanding therein the nipples n by which it is connected to the headers in
cases particularly when the drum is made from thin plates I overlap the plates at the
line where the nippled 'connection is made as indicated at Figure 7 the overlapped
joint being riveted on each side of the nipples m.
For the purpose of clearing off soot and dust from the inclined tubes A, and other
heating surfaces, I provide a series of steam nozzles n which are fitted or formed on
two or more steam pipes N carried transversely of the boiler along the crown of the
furnace or combustion chamber. These pipes are connected by a branch N¹, provided
with a three way valve N2, to the pipe F connecting the drums D, G, and by suitably
operating the valve N2 steam may be blown through the nozzles n from either of the
pipes N upon the tubes A or other heating surfaces within the furnace.
Referring to Figures 8 and 9 of the drawings the steam generator therein represented
so far as constructed in a manner similar to that described with reference to Figures 1
to 7 is marked with corresponding reference letters. The side walls of the furnace or
combustion chamber instead of being built of brickwork as represented in the first
modification are composed of vertical water tubes O, O', 'connected at the base. and
crown to horizontal tubes P, extending longitudinally of the structure. For the
purpose of maintaining suitable circulation of the water in said. tubes a number of
the vertical tubes at rear are directly connected at their upper ends to the steam and
water drum D, and the water passing down these tubes into the lower horizontal
tubes P; is distributed and ascends through the tubes O, O', nearer the front to the
upper tubes P, the rear ends of which are directly or through nipples connected to
the drum D the water circulation being independent of that in the inclined water
tubes A. A cross tube P1, is fitted above the firing doors to connect the vertical
side tubes O¹, at the front, and serve as a support for the front headers and these
tubes O, P, serve as means of attachment for the doors Q which give access to the
headers C and ends of the inclined tubes A. The steam generated is in this instance
collected by a pipe R, leading from a dome G', over the drum D and passing down
through said drum to the end thereof. The dome G', and the drum D; are; as represented
at Figure 10, each provided with internally flanged and faced connecting pieces S, S,
riveted to them and when the dome is fitted in place the flanges of the two pieces are
bolted together from the interior of the dome. The inclined water tubes A in this
example are assembled in groups of threo each.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The combination of parts constituting the improved sectional steam generator
hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1 to 7 of the accompanying
drawings.
2. The combination of parts constituting the improved sectional steam generator
herein before described with reference to Figures 8 and 9 of the accompanying
drawings.
3. In a sectional steam generator the provision of means substantially as described
with reference to Figures 1, 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings for automatically
draining water from the steam collecting drum.
4. In a sectional steam generator a feed water heater constructed and fitted
substantially as herein before described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.
5. In a sectional steam generator the arrangement of nozzles and steam pipes
furnished with a controlling valve for blowing soot and dust from the heating
surfaces substantially as herein before described with reference to the accompanying
drawings.

page_text: 6. In a sectional steam generator the arrangement and combination with the drum
of vertical and horizontal water tubes (O, O', P, P,) serving to enclose the furnace or
combustion chamber and to form a suitable front for attachment of the doors (Q) the
tubes being so connected as to ensure circulation of the water in them independently
of that in the inclined water tubes (A) substantially as described with reference to
Figures 8 and 9 of the drawings.
.
7. In a sectional steam generator the combination with the steam drum and
dome (D G¹) of internally flanged connecting pieces adapted to be bolted_together
from the inside substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 8
and 9 of the accompanying drawings.
8. In a sectional steam generator the employment of curved tubes for connecting
the rear headers to the drum whereby the construction is so modified that the heating
water tube surfaces can be lengthened substantially as described with reference to the
annexed drawings.
9. In a sectional steam generator a mud drum constructed in wrought metal with
an overlapped longitudinal joint providing increased thickness at the line of nippling
for attachment to the generator substantially as set forth.
Dated this Seventh day of December 1889.
CRUIKSHANK & FAIRWEATHER,
62, Saint Vincent Street, Glasgow, Agents.