IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING ARTIFICIAL FUEL, BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER SIMILAR Com- PRESSED ARTICLES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Stone, of Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
MANUFACTURING ARTIFICIAL FUEL, BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER SIMILAR Com-
PRESSED ARTICLES.”
Sealed the 14th April 1874, and dated the 18th October 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Stone at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th October 1873.
I, ROBERT STONE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING ARTIFICIAL FUEL, BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER.
SIMILAR COMPRESSED ARTICLES," to be as follows:—
'
This Invention relates to certain apparatus for manufacturing artificial
fuel, bricks, tiles, and other similar compressed articles, and consists in
forming and arranging the moulds or shapes so that they continuously
pass under a series of rollers and dies, which first compress the material

page_text: into the moulds or shapes, and then knock out or discharge the com-
pressed material from the moulds or shapes.
An apparatus constructed according to this Invention may consist of a
circular or endless tramway raised and carried on suitable framework,
upon which run or travel moulding boxes, which may each contain six &
or more moulds, as convenient.
One part of the framework carrying the tramway is plated or covered
over so as to form a table, and above this table and carried by the frame-
work are placed a series of revolving compressing rollers, arranged with
different grades, and of such height from the table that the travelling
boxes can pass between them and the table. In front of these rollers
and over the table there is fitted a suitable hopper for holding the
material to be treated. This hopper is arranged to discharge the
material into the moulding boxes before they pass under the com-
pressing rollers. The compressing rollers are arranged in grades so that:
they will compress and squeeze the material gradually and with great
force into the moulds. Behind the compressing rollers are a series of
dics, which may be intermittent in their action or revolving. The action
of these dies is to force the moulded material from the moulding boxes
as they pass from between the compressing rollers and the table. The
moulded material is thus knocked out of or pushed through the moulding
boxes, and discharged and delivered on to a travelling apron or tray
underneath the tramway. The moulding boxes continuously pass round
the tramway, and repass between the feeding hopper, compressing
rollers, and the table, discharging their contents as they pass underneath
the discharging dies.
The whole apparatus may be driven by any suitable system of
machinery.

page_text: A modification of this apparatus consists in fixing the moulding
boxes on a horizontal endless band, which passes over and beneath a
suitable table, above which are fixed the compressing rollers and feeding
hopper. The moulding boxes deliver the material as they turn over at
the end of or underneath the endless band.
The moulding boxes may be formed with false bottoms, actuated by
a
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Stone in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 16th April 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
STONE, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of October, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Robert Stone, Her special licence that I,
the said Robert Stone, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Robert Stone, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MANU-
FACTURING ARTIFICIAL FUEL, BRICKS, TILES, AND OTHER SIMILAR COMPRESSED
ARTICLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert
Stone, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Stone, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :—
This Invention relates to certain apparatus for manufacturing artificial
fuel, bricks, tiles, and other similar compressed articles, and consists in
forming and arranging the moulds or shapes so that they continuously
pass under a series of rollers and dies, which first compress the material
into the moulds or shapes, and then knock out or discharge the com-
pressed material from the moulds or shapes.
An apparatus constructed according to this Invention may consist of
a circular or endless tramway raised and carried on suitable framework,
upon which run or travel moulding boxes, which may each contain six
or more moulds, as convenient.
One part of the framework carrying the tramway is plated or covered
over so as to form a table, and above this table and carried by the
framework are placed a series of revolving compressing rollers, arranged
with different grades, and of such height from the table that the tra-
velling boxes can pass between them and the table. In front of these
rollers and over the table there is fitted a suitable hopper for holding
the material to be treated. This hopper is arranged to discharge the
material into the moulding boxes before they pass under the com-
pressing rollers. The compressing rollers are arranged in grades, so that
they will compress and squeeze the material gradually and with great
force into the moulds. Behind the compressing rollers are a series of
dies, which may be intermittent in their action or revolving. The action
of these dies is to force the moulded material from the moulding boxes
as they pass from between the compressing rollers and the table. The
moulded material is thus knocked out of or pushed through the moulding
boxes, and discharged and delivered on to a travelling apron or tray
underneath the tramway. The moulding boxes continuously pass round
the tramway, and repass between the feeding hopper, compressing
rollers, and the table, discharging their contents as they pass underneath
the discharging dies.

page_text: Figure 5 is an end view of a moulding box constructed according to
this Invention to be used with the apparatus, as shown at Figure 1;
Figure 6 is a sectional elevation, and Figure 7 a plan of same.
Figures 8 and 9 are clevations of rams used in the apparatus con-.
structed according to this Invention. These rams may be worked by an
eccentric, crank, lever, or screw gear, or other suitable means.
Figure 10 is a modification of a ram constructed according to this
Invention, in which the moulding box and ram is combined.
Figure 11 is an end view of trough to be used with Figure 10.
Figure 12 is a combination of hopper, forcing ram, moulding box, and
discharging ram.
Upon reference to Figure 1 it will be seen that an apparatus constructed
according to this Invention consists of a tramway carried on a table or
raised framework A, upon which run or travel a train of moulding
boxes B. The moulding boxes are formed with shapes or divisions B¹
for the compressed articles when formed, and a scace C for compression,
and a trough D for filling by rolling. E is a hopper, into which the
material to be compressed into shapes is fed. The material passes from,
the hopper E into the combined trough and moulding box B. The
moulding box then passes under the rollers F, F¹, F³, which rollers press
the material into the space C. The framework carrying the tramway is
fitted with a table or plate G to receive the compression. The material
is further compressed into the spaces B' by the ram H, which may bc
worked by an eccentric, crank, lever, screw, or other suitable means.
The material being now compressed is discharged from the divisions B
by the ram I, which is worked in manner similar to the ram H. This
ram forces the compressed material through the divisions. B¹ on to a
travelling apron or band. J, K, are wheels or rollers upon which the
moulding boxes travel; L are hooks connecting the moulding boxes.
together.
Referring to the modification shown at Figure 2 it will be seen that
the moulding boxes form an endless band by being rivetted to a leather
belt or otherwise. The endless band passes over drums M, N, the
drum N being provided with tappets O, which actuate false bottoms.
in the moulding boxes, and discharge the material on to the endless
band J.

page_text: other material, the moisture, water, or other liquid is pressed out of the
peat, and driven through the canvas and the perforations in the table.
The table G may in some cases slide and act as a false bottom to the
moulding boxes.
For driving the apparatus any suitable system of wheels or bands may 5
be used, as will be understood.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature, object, and
purposes of this my Invention, and shown how the same may be carried
out into practical effect, what I claim as my Invention and secured to
me by Letters Patent as aforesaid is,---
Firstly. An apparatus, constructed as herein-before described and
partly illustrated at Figure 1 of the accompanying Drawings, for manu-
facturing artificial fuel, bricks, tiles, and other similar compressed
articles, substantially as set forth.
Secondly. An apparatus, constructed as herein-before described and 1
partly illustrated at Figure 2 of the accompanying Drawings, for manu-
facturing artificial fuel, bricks, tiles, and other similar compressed
articles, substantially as set forth.
Thirdly. An apparatus, constructed as herein-before described and
partly illustrated at Figure 3 of the accompanying Drawings, for manu- 2
facturing artificial fuel, bricks, tiles, and other similar compressed
articles, substantially as set forth.
Fourthly. An apparatus, constructed as herein-before described and
partly illustrated at Figure 4 of the accompanying Drawings, for manu-
facturing artificial fuel, bricks, tiles, and other similar compressed 2
articles, substantially as set forth.
Fifthly. The form of moulding box and trough combined, as shown
and illustrated at Figures 5, 6, and 7 of the accompanying Drawings,
substantially as set forth.
Sixthly. The combined moulding punch and ram, shown and illus- 3
trated at Figure 10 of the accompanying Drawings, substantially as set
forth.
Seventhly. The application and use of a sheet of canvas in com-
bination with the perforated table or grid G for draining peat of water

page_text: before described and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Stone, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.