IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING HORSE SHOES
Year: 1884

page_text: I HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents 6 Breams Buildings
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MANUFACTURING
HORSE SHOES, to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is the manufacture of horse shoes, in a more efficient
manner than heretofore. The shoes may be made with or without back tips. As
the material for the manufacture it is preferred to use flat iron which is rolled with
& bevel on the one side and the edges rounded The iron is heated only once
during the operation of manufacture into horse shoes.
In carrying out this invention the iron blank is first pointed and is then bent to
a circular form. It is then subjected to the action of a grooving tool and the tips
when required are formed. The next operation is to punch the nail holes and then
to cut off the burr made during punching.
Certain unevennesses arise during the above mentioned operations which
necessitates the shoe being subjected to a rolling operation after which it is again
subjected to punching and burring tools to give the holes their proper shape which
will have been lost during the rolling process.
When the shoe is formed without tips a cutting operation takes place to finish
off the ends of the shoe and lastly the circular shoe receives a final bending to
bring it to the proper shape and also receives the stamp of the trade mark and a
number.
All the tools which are placed in a row on the same base plate or foundation
receive motion from a single driving shaft which is provided with a fly wheel and
belt pulley.
The bending and pointing machine consists of two standards connected together
by stay bolts and carrying the main shaft and other shafts on which are toothed
wheels and clutches by which motion is transmitted from the main shaft.
The clutches are thrown into gear by means of springs on their respective shafts
and out of gear by spring bolts which take into inclined grooves in the clutches
and are actuated in one direction by springs and the other direction by-pedals.

page_text: Un a suitably mounted shalt which is rotated by means of a worm wheel and
worm is a carrier in which are mounted a rolling plate and a feeler. The rolling
plate of hard steel and of the same thickness as the iron to be used for the shoes is
fixed upon an axle movable in bearings on the carrier. On another shaft is fixed
the shoe mould or pattern preferably of chilled cast iron. On the same shaft is also
secured a slide which by means of a lever motion working a guide piece may be
brought to and from the mould a lock hook preventing the lever moving during
the rotation of the shaft. A die face of chilled cast iron is fixed to the slide.
guide piece is prevented from turning round the shaft by means of feathers. The
slide is likewise by means of a key connected with the shaft.
The
On a third shaft is secured a cam of steel working against a grooved roller which
points the iron before it is bent.
The roller is mounted on an excentric bolt in order to be able to diminish as
required the distance between the cam and the bottom of the groove in the roller.
The carrier is mounted excentrically so that the distance between the centre of the
die shaft and that of the rolling plate is variable within certain limits. On
the die shaft is mounted a collar against which the feeler rests and on this collar
are two cam projections and a depression which cause the rolling plate to pinch
harder at one portion of its rotation and at another to slacken, the tapering of the
iron arising in the first case and the thickening at the toe of the horse shoe in the
latter case.
The operation is the following.
The blanks being cut cold in suitable lengths are heated in a suitable furnace and
a blank is introduced in the grooved roller and the treadle is depressed so that the
spring bolt is disengaged from the clutch which is brought into gear with its
toothed wheel.
When the shaft has made almost a whole turn and performed the pointing the
clutch is disconnected If the iron has to be pointed at both ends this operation
is repeated. The piece of iron is now introduced between the moulds of the
bending machine. The blank is pinched between the dies and the die face, the
shaft makes a turn the rolling plate acting on the iron to bend it and the shaft is
then thrown out of gear as above explained.
The bent blank is taken out by means of a pair of tongs and is ready to be
introduced in the grooving and tipping machine. On the die is an enlargement
corresponding to the bevel of the blank and which forms the hollow of the shoe,
a similar enlargement also on the die pinches the iron more surely during the
bending.
The grooving and tipping tool or machine consists of a T shaped standard
containing bearings for the main shaft on which is mounted a loose excentric and a
sliding clutch working on a feather and provided with a cam groove in which
enters a spring bolt by the movement of which under the influence; of the cam
groove the connection takes place.
The excentric strap and rod is connected with a lever which rocks on a bolt fixed
to the standard and communicates motion through links to a slide working in
guides on the standard.. The slide carries a sliding plate which may be adjusted
and is retained by means of a screw. This plate carries the groove cutters.
the bottom of the standard is a wedge shaped adjustable plate on which is placed a
table. In the table is a die.
At
On the slide is adjustably mounted another slide which carries a smaller slide
both of which follow the motions of the main slide. In the smaller slides shearing
knives or cutters are inserted which act against similar knives in the table. These
knives are intended to trim the ends of the blank before it is introduced to the
tipping machine.
To form the groove the shoe iron is placed upon the die, motion is given to the
machine which causes the lever to actuate the main slide with its accessaries which
make the groove in the blank and trim the ends. The shoe is now ready to be
inserted into the tip machine.

page_text: The coupling and disconnecting of this machine are similar to that of the
grooving machine except that the excentric on the shaft has a greater excentricity
so that the stroke of the slide will be longer. On this excentric is a cam with a
depression and a tooth When the machine is at rest a feeler on one arm of a
forked lever suitably pivotted has entered into the depression. When the machine
is coupled this lever is raised by the cam and a slide which by means of a bolt is
connected with the other arm of the forked lever is pulled down. When the
machine has made almost one rotation so that the feeler returns over the depression
the tooth presses down the other arm of the forked lever so that the slide is raised
anew. This slide holds the shoe during the tipping. Behind the slide is another
slide carrying the tipping tools which slide is connected by means of a link and an
adjustable excentric bolt with one arm of a balance lever the other arm being.
connected with the excentric. In the smaller slide a cast piece is fitted in which
sockets of annealed wrought iron are inserted One of these sockets which is gutter-
shaped serves to bend the ends of the shoe up against and behind the depressed
main slide which at the bottom is provided with blocks of steel. The horse shoe is
held by the slide between the said blocks and steel dies. The dies are provided
with tongues or projections fitting into the second socket and against these tongues
the tips are pressed when the second slide is brought down.
The horse shoe provided with tips is now put into the hole punching and burring
machine.
The coupling and the disconnection of the punching machine are similar to the
corresponding parts of the preceding machine excepting that on the excentric is a
cam acting upon a bowle on the fork whereby during the descent of the punches.
the lever is advanced and thus retains the horse shoe while the punches are
ascending. A slide actuated by the balance lever contains the punch frame. The
punches three or four in number are held by set screws and can by means of
adjusting screws be brought down in proportion as they become worn.
consists of a casting into which steel plates are sunk which plates by means of set
screws can be advanced as required. The shoes are punched hot one side at a time
and on the under side a little burr is formed which is cut away in the burr
machine.
The die
The excentric of this machine has the same radius as that of the tip machine and
the slide the same length of stroke. On this slide there are two steel knives with
& tongue passing between them. A cushion upon which the legs of the shoe rest
and also a tripod rests are provided by which the shoe is steadily retained. At
the descent of the slide the burr arising at the punching of the holes are cut away.
In the operations of pressing the groove tipping and punching the shoe looses
its even exterior edge and in order to reestablish the evenness of this edge the shoe
is brought from the burr machine to a finishing machine which is similar to the
first bending machine differing from this only in the disposition of the dies, the
mechanism for pointing the blanks being excluded The finishing machine does
not contain the projections on the collar of the die shaft which exist in the bending
machine but the depression is retained The exterior surface of the shoe becomes
thus quite circular excepting at the toe where the material for the toe clip is
retained. Instead of the die of the bending machine a die having two heels
against which the tips of the shoe rests during the rolling is employed and in place
of the die face of the bending machine a knife plate is provided having two dies
which during the rolling fill the grooves of the shoe so that these are not injured
by the rolling. These dies are recessed in the plate in any convenient manner.
The rolling plate is thicker than that of the bending machine so that it covers
both shoe and tip at the rolling. During the finishing the nail holes formed in the
punching machine are somewhat closed and must therefore be reopened to the
original shape and size and the burr thus arising must be cut off. This is performed
in a second hole punching and burr machine of precisely the same construction as
these machines previously described.

page_text: '
During all these operations the shoe has retained the circular shape externally
but in order to give it the proper horse shoe shape it is brought to an adjusting or
trimming and dressing machine.
Such shoes as are not required to be made with tips are not introduced into the
tip machine but are adjusted before they are passed into the dressing machine.
The mode of coupling and disconnecting the excentrics and levers in these machines.
is similar to the corresponding parts of the preceding hole punching and burr.
machines. The slide of the trimming machine has two channel shaped cutters of
steel acting against two bottom cutters. The shoe rests against the heels and is
retained in position by suitable supports during the cutting operation.
The slide of the dressing machine is connected with the balance lever by means
of a link and two bolts of which one is excentric. The slide carries two pieces
fastened by screws and provided with stamps and two bowles. Of these stamps
the right one is the trade mark and the left one contains the number of the shoe.
On the stamps being depressed they encounter the shoe exactly above the steel
plates which are sunk in the table. The bowles at the descent of the slide actuate
levers pressing one against the other and this pressure is transmitted through
screws to clamps whereby the round shoe is compressed round a mould of the
desired shape. A spring, serves to keep the clamps separated while the machine is
at rest. The shape of the shoe thus depends upon the shape of the clamps and
the mould.
The proper amount of compression is regulated by adjusting screws. The stamps
are adjusted by means of the eccentric bolt.
The shoe having now attained its proper exterior shape any irregularity is
removed by a stroke between plane surfaces under a falling hammer or a steam
hammer.
The toe clip of the shoe is hammered out by hand thus completeing the shoe.

page_text: Improvements in Machinery for Manufacturing Horse Shoes.
I HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of the Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings
Chancery Lane in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the saine is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
The object of this invention is the manufacture of horse shoes, in a more efficient
manner than heretofore. The shoes may be made with or without back tips. The
material for the manufacture it is preferred to use is flat bar iron rolled with a
bevel on the one side and the edges rounded. The iron is heated only once during
the operation of manufacture into horse shoes.
In carrying out this invention the iron blank is first "pointed" and is then bent.
to a circular form. It is then subjected to the action of a grooving tool, and after
this the tips when required are formed.-The next operation is to punch the nail
holes, and then to cut off the burr made during punching.
Certain unevennesses on the outside of the shoe arise during the above mentioned
operations, which necessitate the blank being subjected to a rolling operation, after
which it is necessary to subject it again to punching and burring tools, to give the
holes their proper shape, which will have been lost during the rolling process.
When the shoes are formed without tips, a cutting operation takes place to finish,
off the ends of the shoe, and lastly, the circular shoe receives a final bending to.
bring it to the proper shape, and also receives the stamp of the trade mark and a
number.
All the tools, which are placed in a row, preferably on one and the same base
plate or foundation, receive motion from a single driving shaft, which is provided
with a fly wheel and belt pulley.
In the accompanying drawings I have shown, in Sheet I, general views of the
various tools, and in Sheet II details of various parts.
'
Fig. 1, Sheet I, is a plan view of the whole of the tools required in the manu-.
facture of a horse shoe, and
Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same.
For convenience of reference I will designate the various tools in Figs. 1 and 2
by numbers, thus:--I will designate the bending and "pointing" tool or machine;
II is the grooving and tip making tool or machine; III is the hole punching and
burr cutting tool or machine; IV is a rolling tool or machine; V is a second hole
punching and burr cutting tool or machine; and VI is an adjusting and stamping
tool or machine.
Fig. 3, Sheet I, is a side elevation of the bending and "pointing" tool or
machine L
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of tool or machine II taken on the line A B
Fig. 2; and
ர்
Fig. 5 is a similar view taken on the line CD of the same Figure.
Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of the tool or machine III, taken on the line E, F,

page_text: Fig. 7 is a partial sectional elevation of the tool or machine III, taken on the
line E¹ F, Fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation of tool VI, taken on the line G H, Fig. 2; and
Fig. 9 is a similar view taken on the line J K, Fig. 2.
The details of parts shown in Sheet II will be referred to as required.
The several tools or machines I to VI may be mounted on the same base plate or
foundation, but in Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet I, they are shown arranged in two sets
(three in a set), each set on a separate base plate or foundation A-A is the main
driving shaft, which is common to all the tools or machines, and is provided with a
fly wheel Band a band pulley C, by which it is driven from any suitable prime mover.
I will now proceed to describe the various tools or machines in detail.
The "pointing" and bending machine I (see Figs. 1, 2 and 3, Sheet I) is intended
to roll or thin down the ends of the piece of bar iron which has been cut off to
make a shoe, and which is called "pointing," and then to bend the "pointed" bar
into a circular form; and the machine consists of two standards D connected
together by a convenient number of stay bolts, and carrying the bearings for the
main shaft A and other shafts on which are mounted toothed wheels and clutches
for transmitting motion from the main shaft to the various parts of the tool or
machine.
E is a toothed wheel mounted loosely on the shaft A, but having clutch teeth on
its face arranged to gear with the clutch F keyed on the main shaft, and from
which it receives rotary motion. The wheel E gears with a toothed wheel G,
which is mounted on a shaft H, on which shaft is also mounted a toothed wheel J.-
The wheel G gears with a toothed wheel K. on a shaft L, which is termed the "die
shaft," and the wheel J with a toothed wheel M on a shaft N, which is termed
the "pointing" shaft.-The toothed wheels K. and M have clutch teeth on their
faces, and are loose on their shafts, when the clutches O and P, on the same shafts,
are not in gear, said clutches being, by means of the bolts Q and R, kept out of
gear when the machine is at rest, as will be hereafter more particularly referred to.
On the outer end of a shaft S, which is capable of being rotated by hand by
means of a worm wheel T and worm U, is mounted excentrically a carrier V, which
carries a rolling plate X and a feeler Y (see Figs. 1, Sheet II).-The rolling plate X,
of hard steel, and of the same thickness as the iron to be used for the shoes, is
mounted upon an axle Z carried in movable bearings on the carrier V.
On the shaft L is fixed the shoe die or former a, preferably of chilled cast iron,
around which it is intended to lap the shoe blank.-The periphery of this former
or die is made circular, for the object to be hereafter mentioned.-On the same
shaft L is also mounted a slide e, which, by means of a toggle lever motion c
(Figs. 1 and 2, Sheet I) working a guide piece b with which the slide e is connected,
may be caused to approach or recede from the mould a.-d is a lock hook to
prevent the lever moving during the rotation of the shaft. f is a die face of chilled
cast iron fixed to the slide e (Figs. 1 Sheet II show details of these parts). The
outer end of the die shaft L is threaded to receive a nut h by which the piece b is
retained on the shaft, said piece b being secured against sliding on the shaft by the
set screw & The guide piece b is prevented from shifting round on the shaft L by
means of feathers k k fixed one in e and one in b, which latter is prolonged to the
hook d. The slide e is likewise, by means of a key, connected with the shaft L.
Qand R are spring stop bolts, which, by means of links or in any other convenient
manner are connected with treadles and m provided with springs n n by which
the treadles and through them the bolts Q and R are maintained in a raised
position. The treadles are pivotted in any convenient manner to the tool. In the
periphery of each of the clutches O and Pa.cam groove is formed into which enter
one of the stop bolts Q and R when the latter are raised by the springs n n and
treadles m and as the clutch shafts rotate the clutches are brought out of gear
with the corresponding parts on the toothed wheels K and M.-When the stop
bolts and R are depressed by placing the foot on one or other of the treadles I m
the spiral springs g mounted upon the shafts L and N cause the clutches to engage,

page_text: and the respective toothed wheels are rotated until the stop bolts are again allowed
to rise and enter the cam grooves, when the disengaging will again take place.
On the shaft N is secured a cam of steel a which works against a grooved
roller mounted on an excentric axle below it so that the distance between the
cam 8 and the bottom of the groove in the roller may be increased or diminished
as required. This part of the apparatus effects the pointing of the iron before it is
bent the iron being inserted in the groove.
The 'carrier V is mounted excentrically on the shaft S so that the distance
between the centre of the die or mould shaft L and that of the rolling plate X can
be varied within certain limits to form larger or smaller shoes as required. On the
die shaft L is mounted outside the bearing a collar against which the feeler Y
rests, and on this collar are two cam like projections a¹ a¹ and a depression b¹
(see Figs. 1 Sheet II) The feeler Y as the shaft L rotates passes over the cam
projections al al so as to cause the rolling plate X to pinch harder at one portion of
its rotation than at another, whereby a tapering of the horse shoe iron takes place
and as the feeler passes into the depression b¹ to loosen the plate X a little so that
the iron is left somewhat thicker such thick part being at the toe of the horse shoe
so as to leave material for the formation of the toe clip.
The operation is as follows:-The blank having been cut cold to the required
length from a bar rolled to the section shown at Fig. 9 Sheet II is heated in a
suitable furnace, and is introduced into the grooved roller r. The treadle m is
depressed so that the spring bolt R is disengaged from the clutch P, which is then
by means of the spiral spring g immediately forced into gear with the corre-
sponding clutch teeth on the side of the toothed wheel M which is caused to rotate.
The treadle m is then released so that the head of the bolt R is raised by its spring
into contact with the clutch.-When the shaft N and the toothed wheel M have
made almost a whole turn and the pointing operation has been effected the bolt R
will enter the cam groove in the clutch which will thereby be disconnected and
the rotation of the shaft N stopped. If the blank has to be pointed at both ends
which however is not always necessary the blank is turned round and the pointing
operation is repeated on the other end. The blank is now introduced between the
dies a and f of the bending machine and is thrust against the stop d² of the die a,
the toggle lever c is straightened so that the die f is caused to nip the blank the
lock hook d catches over the lever and retains it-The treadle is now pressed
down so that the bolt Q is drawn out of the clutch O which by means of its spring
is forced into gear with the corresponding teeth on the wheel R. Through the
wheel K the shaft L is caused to make a turn and the blank is bent by the rolling
plate X acting thereon. When this is effected the shaft L is immediately thrown
out of gear as above explained with reference to the clutch P. The exterior shape
of the iron should be circular but owing to the cam projections a' a' and the
depression 6' on the collar of the shaft L the plate X is raised or lowered and a
corresponding shape is given to the iron. When the clutch O after the completion
of the turn, has been disconnected by the bolt Q so that the shaft L is brought to
a stand still the lever c is pushed over, whereby the slide e with the die face f fixed
thereon is withdrawn from the die a. The bent blank is taken out by means of a
pair of tongs inserted at t and will have the appearance shown by the curved
dotted line Fig. 1 Sheet II and it is now ready to be introduced into the grooving
and tipping machine.-The relative width of the horse shoe between the back and
the toe is decided by the shape of the die a, and may be modified at will by using
another shaped die.-On the die a is an enlargement v corresponding to the bevel
of the blank and which forms the hollow of the shoe, while a similar enlargement d
also in the die, pinches the iron more surely during the bending.
The second tool or machine in the series is a double tool or machine, that is to
say it contains two tools viz: the grooving tool and the tip making tool. This
double machine is represented at II in the drawings, in plan at Fig. 1 and elevation
at Fig. 2 Sheet I. The right hand part of this machine is the grooving tool, which

page_text: is also represented in section at Fig. 4 Sheet I taken on the line A B of Fig. 2:
Sheet. I Figs. 2 Sheet II represent the principal organs of this machine in detail.
These
The grooving and tipping tool or machine consists of a T shaped standard S see
the plan view Fig. 1 Sheet I containing bearings for the main shaft A on which
is mounted loosely an excentric E and a sliding clutch F working on a feather.
The excentric Ę is cast with one half of the clutch jaws and is provided with a:
cam surface G against which rests a spring bolt R mounted and capable of sliding
in the carrier L (see Figs. 3 Sheet II). The carrier L has a fork I which engages
in the groove of the clutch. When the bolt R comes in contact with the cam
surface on the excentric E the carrier L is rocked to one side and with it the
fork I and the clutch F so that disconnection takes place between the excentric
and the clutch. The excentric is then standing still and the machine at rest. The
carrier L is mounted on an axle L' and the stop bolt R is moved by means of a.
bell crank lever M M¹ having its fulcrum at O. When the arm M of the
lever M M is depressed the stop bolt R is disengaged from the cam groove G of
the excentric E and the spiral spring F1 acting through the carrier L₁ and fork I
forces the clutch F into gear so that the excentric must follow the motions of the
the shaft A until the stop bolt again snaps into the cam groove of the excentric,
when the disconnection is caused to take place. The excentric strap and rod K is
connected with a rock lever H which rocks on a suitable pivot carried by the
standard and communicates motion through links to a slide P working in guides
on the standard S (see Fig. 4 Sheet I). In order to receive the heavy pressure
at the junction of the lever H and the slide P a piece of steel a is inserted between
them and they are, besides, kept together by means of two links with bolts. The
slide P carries a sliding plate b which may be adjusted and is retained in its
adjusted position by means of a screw e. This plate b carries a pair of segment
shape groove formers d which are retained in position by means of screws.
screws have a portion of their heads cut away so that the formers d may be easily
removed by partially turning the screws. At the bottom of the standard S is a
wedge shaped adjustable plate g which is retained in position and may be pulled
in or out by means of the screw h. On this plate is placed a table f which is
secured by the screws ii see Fig. 2 Sheet I and in the table f is secured a die c.
This die is made of chilled cast iron and is adjusted according to the size of the
blank such as it arrives from the bending machine I. The wedge plate g is
employed for adjusting the depth of the groove intended to be made in the shoe
and for raising the table f in proportion as the groove formers d become worn.―
In the event of greater wear than is allowed for by the height of the wedge plate g
plates of thick iron may be inserted between the wedge plate g and the table f.
The slide P carries in rear another slide Q (see Figs. 2 Sheet II) the position of
which can be adjusted by means of the screw T the worm wheel V fixed on the
head of the screw T and a worm gearing therewith. The slide Q carries a smaller
slide Q which enters a hole in the table fand this slide as well as the slide Q
follows the motions of the main slide P. In the slide Q shearing knives or
cutters are inserted which act against similar knives in the table f. These
shears are intended to trim the ends of the blank before it is introduced to the
tipping tool To form the groove the shoe iron is placed upon the die c, the bell
crank lever M is pushed down and the excentric E being thrown into gear the
excentric is caused to make a rotation which actuates the lever H and depresses
the main slide P with its accessories. The groove formers d make the groove in
the blank and the shears k trim the ends after which the shoe is ready to be
inserted into the tipping machine. By giving to the shoe blank a circular form as
mentioned with reference to the bending machine it will be understood that the
groove formers if adapted for a full sized shoe will require no modification in shape
to groove full sized shoe blanks whatever the ultimate form of the shoe is intended
to take.
The tipping tool or machine is represented separately in Fig. 5 Sheet I in
T
IT the onevoting

page_text: parts in detail.
The coupling and disconnecting mechanisms of this tool are
similar to those of the grooving machine, except that the excentric E on the
shaft A has a greater excentricity so that the stroke of the lever H will be greater..
On this exentric E is a cam X with a depression at a and a tooth at one side.
When the machine is at rest a feeler c on one arm of a forked lever b suitably
pivotted on the bolt f has entered into the depression a. When the machine is
coupled this lever b is raised by the cam X and a slide Y which by means of a bolt
is connected with the arm b¹ of the forked lever b is pulled down. When the
machine has made almost on rotation so that the feeler c returns over the
depression a, the tooth e presses down the other prong d of the fork, so that the
slide Y is raised. This slide holds the shoe during the tipping as will be more.
clearly seen by reference to Figs. 4 Sheet II. Behind the slide Y is another
slide Z carrying the tipping tools, which slide is connected by means of a link g
and an adjustable excentric bolt, h with one arm of the balance lever H the.
other arm of this lever being connected through the rod and strap K with the
excentric E.
l
Fig. 5 Sheet I represents the machine at rest, while the section in Fig. 4 Sheet II
shows the mutual position of the parts when the tips are made, the shaft A has
made three fourths of a rotation and the excentric E has attained its highest
position. In the slide Z a cast piece is fitted and retained by means of screws
and in this piece are inserted dies m and n of annealed wrought iron. One of.
these dies n which is gutter shaped serves on the rise of the slide Z to bend the
ends of the shoe up against and behind the depressed front slide Y which at the
bottom is provided with blocks of steel o between which and steel dies p having
faces q of annealed steel the shoe iron is held. The dies p and q are provided
with tongues or projections fitting into the second die m and against the tongues
the tips are pressed when the slide Z is brought down. The dies p are secured by
means of screws to the anvil r which is bolted to the standard S. In the piece 7.
openings at u are provided for the purpose of removing the scale and each tip
frame is also provided with a screw t for the purpose of regulating the length of
the part of the blank which is to be turned up to form the tips. The tips being
formed which takes place when the slide Z has attained its lowest position, the
slide Y connected with the lever b rises during the remainder of the motion of the
machine, and allows for the removal of the shoe.
The horse shoe provided with tips is now put into the hole punching machine
which conjointly with the burr machine forms the third tool and is represented in
plan and front elevation in Figs. 1 and 2 Sheet I (the right hand side of the tool
or machine III) and in section on the line E F in Fig. 6. Sheet I.
The details of the operating parts are shown in Sheet II Figs. 5 in plan and
vertical section. The coupling and the disconnection of the punching machine are
similar to the corresponding parts of the preceding machines, except that on the
excentric E is a cain a acting upon a bowle on the forked rear end of a piece b.
carried by a pair of radius links 6' 6. The forward end of the piece b serves as
a clamp or jaw and during the descent of the punches this clamp is advanced and
holds down the horse shoe while the punches are ascending. A slide G actuated
by the balance lever H contains the punch frame K, which is secured therein by
two screws. The punches e three four or more in number are held in the punch
frame K by set screws i, and can, by means of adjusting screws / be brought
down in proportion as they become worn. The die consists of a casting f into
which steel plates g g are sunk. The edge of one of these plates is concave and the
other convex and the plates are set a sufficient distance apart to permit of the
punches and metal punched out passing between them. The plates by means of
screws, can be advanced in proportion as their edges become worn. The shoes
are punched while hot preferably one side at a time see Figs. 5 Sheet II and on
the under side of the shoe a little burr is formed by the punching operation which
burr is cut away in the burr machine represented in section at Fig. 7 Sheet I und
in detail at Figs, 6 Sheet II,

page_text: .
The coupling and disconnecting of this machine, and the operating of the same by
the excentric E and lever H, is similar to that described with reference to the last
tool. The excentric E of this machine has the same radius as that of the tip
machine and the slide G the same length of stroke. To this slide G are fitted two
steel knives a a with a tongue a* between them against which the shoe rests at
the top. The shoe is put into this machine as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 6
Sheet II. b is a table upon which the legs of the shoe rest; and c is a tripod by
which the shoe is steadily held in position. This tripod is actuated by means of
the treadle d and the lever g (see Fig. 7 Sheet I) At the descent of the slide G
the burrs arising at the punching of the holes are cut away leaving the surface of
the shoe clean and flat.
In the operations of pressing the groove tipping and punching the shoe loses its
external circular shape and in order to renew this shape the shoe is brought from
the burr machine and taken to a rolling machine.
This machine is the first machine in the second series and is marked IV on the
drawings. The machine is arranged similar to the first bending machine, differing
chiefly from this in the arrangement of the dies and their mechanism the pointing
apparatus being also excluded. The die mechanism does not contain the pro-
jections a a¹ on the collar of the die shaft L, which exist in the bending machine
but the depression 6' is retained. The action of this machine is also like that of
the bending machine and by it the circular form of the shoe becomes renewed
excepting at the toe, where the material for the toe clip is retained. Instead of
the die a of the bending machine, a die d is employed of the shape shown in
Figs. 7 Sheet II. This die has two heels or projections a a against the side of
which the tips of the shoe rest during the rolling operation and in place of the die
face of the bending machine, a plate c is provided having two filling pieces b* 6*,
which during the rolling fill the groove of the shoe so that the shape of the groove
is not affected by the rolling. These filling pieces b* 6* are let in to the plate o in
any convenient manner and are prevented from falling out by means of screws.
The heads of these screws have portions cut away so that if the screws are turned
half round, the filling pieces can be removed. The rolling plate X is thicker than
that of the bending machine so that it covers both shoe and tips at the rolling.-
During the rolling the bail holes will be somewhat closed up and will have to be
reformed and the burr produced during this operation will have to be cut off.
These operations are performed in a second hole punching and burr machine of
precisely the same construction as the machines previously described. This
machine is shown on the drawing in Figs. 1 and 2 Sheet I at V.
When the shoe is required without tips or calks the blank is subjected to the
action of a trimming or dressing tool the object of which is to cut off an extra
length of the blank allowed for the tip but not now required.-After this is effected
the blank is placed in an adjusting or bending tool where it receives its final shape
as required by the customer and is stamped with a Trade Mark and a number.
The trimming tool and the adjusting tool constitute one machine which is shown
in plan and elevation in Figs. 1 and 2 Sheet I, at VI. On the same sheet Fig. 8 is
a section taken on the line G H Fig. 2 of the dressing or trimming instruments
and Fig. 9 is a section taken on the line J K of the adjusting and stamping
instruments.
Figs. 8 Sheet II represent details of the dressing or trimming tool and
Figs. 9 those of the adjusting and stamping machine.
In both these tools the mode of coupling and disconnecting the excentrics and
levers is similar to the corresponding parts of the preceding hole punching and
burr machines the construction of the standards being also the same. The slide G
of the trimming machine has two channel shaped cutters of steel a acting against
two similarly shaped bottom cutters b. The shoe rests against the adjustable
stops c and is retained in position by a notched support d Fig. 8 Sheet II during
the cutting operation. The top and bottom cutters and the support & are
adjustable to permit of the trimming of shoes of different sizes.

page_text: The slide G of the adjusting and stamping machine (see Fig. 9 Sheet I) is
connected with the balance lever H by means of a link and two bolts, of which one
bolt b¹ is excentric. The slide carries two blocks m secured by screws and
carrying stamps or punches a a and on its front two bowles k see Fig. 2 Sheet I.
Of these stamps or punches the right hand one is the Trade Mark and the .left
hand one contains the number of the shoe. Into the table immediately below
the stamps are inserted steel plates ii on which the shoe iron rests during the
stamping operation. The bowles k on the descent of the slide passes outside and
acts upon a pair of vertical levers ee which are suitably pivotted below the table
and press then in one towards the other. This pressure is transmitted through
screws ff to a pair of jaws d d of peculiar shape and pivotted on the top of the
table and intended to press the circular shoe iron round a mould c of the proper
shape to produce the required form and size of shoe. A spring serves to keep the
jaws separated while the machine is at rest.
The ultimate shape of the shoe thus
depends upon the shape of the jaws did and the mould c. By adjusting the
screws ffany amount of compression may be given as required. The position of
the stamps aa may be adjusted by means of the excentric bolt b¹. The shoe
having now attained its proper exterior shape, any irregularity is removed by a
stroke between plane surfaces under a steam hammer.
The toe clip of the shoe is hammered out by hand thus completing the shoe.
It will be seen that during the manufacture of horse shoes in the improved
machine, the iron is retained in the circular form until the last operation which is
for shaping and the reasons for thus retaining the circular form are
1. That by bending the shoe blank so that it is circular, the necessity for
specially formed cams for controlling the rolling plate is avoided. As the cams in
the rolling machine IV must correspond with the cams in the first machine if the
shoe is to be right, it is of far greater advantage that the rolling plates in both
these machines should act along a circular surface than along an irregular figure.
2. That by having the shoes circular it is possible to make the groove formers
in a lathe, otherwise these tools are expensive to make and keep in order.
3. That the punches for making the holes can be placed in a circle so. that
whichever half of the shoe is punched, there will be no risk of getting a hole
outside or inside the groove.
4. That by having the shoes circular through all the machines, until the last or
the shaping machine only one set of changeable or reserve parts is required to each
of these machines. The number of changeable parts for the last machine will of
course depend on the final shape to be given to the shoe..
I would here remark that I do not intend to confine myself to the precise details
of construction above described above described as these will obviously admit of
more or less modification.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as communicated to
me by my Foreign Correspondent I declare that what I claim is
1st The means substantially as herein shown and described for "pointing" the
end or ends of the length of bar from which the shoe is to be formed.
2nd The means substantially as herein shown and described for bending the
"pointed" shoe blank to a circular form.
3rd The means substantially as herein shown and described for forming the
groove in the shoe blank and for trimming the ends of the blank before it is
inserted into the tipping tool or machine.
4th The means substantially as herein shown and described for forming the tips
or caulks on the shoe blank after the same has been grooved and trimmed.
5th The means substantially as herein shown and described for punching the
nail holes in the shoe blank and for cutting off the burr formed on the underside
of the blank during the punching operation.

page_text: 6th The means substantially as herein shown and described for renewing the
circular shape of the blank which will have been modified during the previous
operations of grooving, punching and burring and for retaining the shape of the
groove during. such renewing operation.
7th The means substantially as herein shown and described for trimming or
dressing the ends of the shoe blank when tips or calks are not required and
previous to its receiving its final shaping.
8th The means substantially as herein shown and described for giving to the
shoe blank the final shape as required by the customer and for stamping the shoe
thus formed with a Trade Mark and number and
Lastly I claim The means above described whereby I am enabled to adapt the
grooving and punching tools to the grooving and punching of the shoe blanks
irrespective of the form the shoe is intended ultimately to take.