Pneumatic Buffer for Preventing Shocks to Anchor-chains, Mooring- ropes, Towing-ropes, Whaling-hawsers, and the like.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Apr., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 1st Aug., 1890-Accepted, 18th Oct., 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Pneumatic Buffer for Preventing Shocks to Anchor-chains, Mooring-
ropes, Towing-ropes, Whaling-hawsers, and the like.
I, PETER JENSEN of 77 Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Fellow Inst.
Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature of this invention a communication from
Ludvig D. Riegel of Christiania, Norway, Merchant to be as follows:-
The subject of this invention is an apparatus for counteracting taking up or
accumulating the shocks or sudden strains to which anchor chains, mooring ropes,
towing ropes, whaling hawsers and the like are exposed to in a seaway and thus
preventing their snapping asunder.
Heretofore india rubber cushions and the like have only been used for such
purposes but these give only little assistance inasmuch as their elastic force is very
limited. According to the present invention the rope, chain or cable is attached to
the end of a piston rod the piston of which works in a cylinder charged with a
liquid so that the pull on the rope forces the liquid into an air vessel and compresses
the air therein which air acts as a spring and forces the piston back when the pull is
diminished. By suitably arranging the parts the apparatus may obtain a very high
elastic force that is to say a stroke of one or more yards, moreover by combining the
air vessel with a pump the elastic force of the apparatus may be increased as
desired.
An apparatus suitable for whaling purposes is constructed as follows:-
A cylinder is provided having an annular air vessel bolted to its upper end. In
the cylinder fits a piston the rod of which passing out at the upper end has an eye for
attaching the hawser or block tackle book. The other end of the cylinder is closed
by a bottom disc provided with a staple for attaching the apparatus to the ship. In a
whaler it is suitably arranged along the mast below deck so that the air vessel is
above deck. Between the bottom of the cylinder and the piston is interposed a
rubber cushion and a similar cushion is provided below the eye of the piston rod
and the other or air vessel end of the cylinder, an iron flange being interposed
between the cushion and the eye. These two cushions serve to break the shock at
each end in case of breakage. A small air hole is provided through the bottom of
the cylinder and its cushion. The cylinder is fitted with a pressure gauge below the
air vessel and the latter has a pipe for connection to an air pump, for the purpose of
varying the pressure in the air vessel and the force of the apparatus as desired. Cup
leather or other packing is provided for the piston and at the piston rod exit end.
The air in the air vessel forms the cushion against which the piston forces the liquid
when the pull is on the hawser.
When the apparatus is used for anchor chains and for other purposes it is generally
placed horizontally and the air vessel would then be on the upper side near the pull
end of the cylinder.
Dated this 8th day
1000
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.

page_text: UMI DELD
Pneumatic Buffer for Preventing Shocks to Anchor-chains, Mooring-
ropes, Towing-ropes, Whaling-hawsers, and the like.
I, PETER JENSEN of 77 Chancery Lane in the County of London Fellow
. Institute of Patent Agents do hereby declare the nature of this invention a com-
munication from Ludvig D. Riegel of Christiania Norway Merchant and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
The subject of this invention is an apparatus for counteracting taking up or
accumulating the shocks or sudden strains to which anchor chains, mooring ropes,
towing ropes, whaling hawsers and the like are exposed to in a seaway and thus
preventing their snapping asunder.
Heretofore india rubber cushions and the like have only been used for such
purposes but these give only little assistance inasmuch as their slastic force is very
limited. According to the present invention the rope chain or cable is attached to
the end of a piston rod the piston of which works in a cylinder charged with a liquid
so that the pull on the rope forces the liquid into an air vessel and compresses the
air therein which air acts as a spring and forces the piston back when the pull is
diminished. By suitably arranging the parts the apparatus may obtain a very high
elastic force that is to say a stroke of one or more yards; moreover by combining
the air vessel with a pump the elastic force of the apparatus may be increased as
desired.
The accompanying drawing is a longitudinal section through an apparatus suitable
for whaling purposes.
A cylinder A is provided having an annular air vessel B bolted to its upper end.
In the cylinder fits a piston D the rod C of which passing out at the upper end has
an eye c for attaching the hawser or block tackle hook. The other end of the
cylinder is closed by a bottom disc b provided with a staple a for attaching the
apparatus to the ship. In a wbaler it is suitably arranged along the mast below deck
so that the air vessel is above deck. Between the bottom 6 of the cylinder and the
piston is interposed a rubber cushion E and a similar cushion F is provided below the
eye of the piston rod and the other or air vessel end of the cylinder, an iron flange f
being interposed between the cushion and the eye. These two cushions serve to
break the shock at each end in case of breakage. A small air hole e is provided
through the bottom 6 of the cylinder and its cushion E. The cylinder is fitted with a
pressure gauge at M below the air vessel and the latter has a pipe P for connection to
an air pump, for the purpose of varying the pressure in the air vessel and the force
of the apparatus as desired. Cup leather or other packing is provided for the piston
and at the piston rod exit end. The air in the air vessel forms the cushion against
which the piston forces the liquid when the pull is on the hawser.
When the apparatus is used for anchor chains and for other purposes it is generally
placed horizontally and the air vessel would then be on the upper side near the pull
end of the cylinder as shown in dotted lines.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
First. Air buffer for use on board ship for fixing the anchor chain or other chains,
mooring ropes, towing ropes, whaling hawsers and the like consisting of a cylinder
charged with a liquid and provided with a piston to the rod of which the rope or
chain is attached, all so arranged that the pull on the latter causes the piston to force
the liquid into an air vessel and to compress the air therein (the pressure of which

page_text: may be controlled by connection to an air pump) and so that the diminution of the
pull at the piston rod carries it back again.
Second. The construction of air buffer described with reference to the accompany-
ing drawing.
1100a
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.