IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING AND DOUBLING FLAX HEMP JUTE COTTON SILK AND OTHER FIBRE
Year: 1884

page_text: I THOMAS UNSWORTH of 79, Piccadilly Manchester in the County of Lancaster
Machine Maker do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING AND DOUBLING FLAX HEMP JUTE COTTON SILK AND
OTHER FIBRE to be as follows:-
My invention relates chiefly to machinery for double twisting flax, hemp, jute:
cotton; silk, and other fibre, my object being to increase the production of the
machine and to give a more regular twist.
In performing my invention I place the bobbin having the number of threads
to be twisted wound on it on a spindle with an inverted flyer having two or more
legs, preferably four, one leg forming a traverse bar for the yarn to work over, as
it passes to the eye on another leg thus securing even tension at all parts of the
bobbin; the thread then passes over guide rollers above the centre of the spindle
half the twist being put in by the inverted flyer.
For wet doubling the yarn passes through a water trough and thence to the
twist rollers for dry doubling direct to the twist rollers which I make conical with
a milled surface to insure a positive drag: these conical rollers I fit on two shafts
a short distance apart and I pass the thread several times over each roller com-
mencing at the smallest diameter the increasing diameter causing the drag, the
rollers being provided with collars to keep the thread in position; from the twist
rollers the thread passes to a ring or flyer bobbin by which it receives the remainder
of the twist. Thus the yarn is twisted at both ends, by which means the
production of the machine is doubled and a more even twist is insured.
The top spindle is or may be driven by a band from the front spindle or from a
separate drum.
In order to lay the fibres uniformly and give extra strength to the yarn I employ
a roller or rollers covered with flannel or other suitable material and revolving in
the opposite direction to that in which the threads are drawn and in contact with
them: or I rotate this roller in the same direction as the threads travel, and at a
higher speed.
I place the roller or rollers preferably between the trough and the twist. rollers.
This part of my invention is applicable to all twisting and doubling machines.

page_text: I THOMAS UNSWORTH, of 79 Piccadilly, Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Maker, do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING AND DOUBLING FLAX, HEMP, JUTE, COTTON, SILK AND
OTHER FIBRE, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates chiefly to machinery for double twisting flax, hemp, jute,
cotton, silk, and other fibre, my object being to increase the production of the
machine and to give a more regular twist.
In performing my Invention I place the bobbin, having the number of threads
to be twisted wound on it, on a spindle with an inverted flyer, having two or more
legs, preferably four, one leg forming a traverse bar for the yarn to work over, as
it passes to the eye on another leg, thus securing even tension at all parts of the
bobbin ;
the thread then passes over guide rollers above the centre of the spindle,
half of the twist being put in by the inverted flyer.
For wet doubling the yarn passes through a water trough and thence to the
twist rollers; for dry doubling direct to the twist rollers which I make conical
with a milled surface to ensure a positive drag; these conical rollers I fit on two
shafts, a short distance apart and I pass the thread several times over each roller,
commencing at the smallest diameter, the increasing diameter causing the drag, the
rollers being provided with collars to keep the thread in position; from the twist
rollers the thread passes to a ring or flyer bobbin by which it receives the
remainder of the twist. Thus the yarn is twisted at both ends by which means
the production of the machine is doubled and a more even twist ensured.
The top spindle is, or may be, driven by a band from the front spindle or from a
separate drum.
•
*In order to lay the fibres uniformly and give extra strength to the yarn I employ
a roller or rollers covered with flannel or other suitable material and revolving in
the opposite direction to that in which the threads are drawn and in contact with
them; or I rotate this roller in the same direction as the threads travel and at a
higher speed. I place the roller or rollers preferably between the trough and the
twist rollers. .
This part of my Invention is applicable to all twisting and doubling machines.
And in order that my Invention may be fully understood and readily carried
into effect I will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, reference
being had to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Figure 1 is a front view and Fig. 2 a side view of a twisting and doubling
machine to, which my Improvements are applied and Figs 3, 4, and 5 are detailed
views, on an enlarged scale, of parts of the machine.
Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.
a is the frame of the machine; b the bobbin on which is wound the desired
number of threads to be twisted; c is the spindle for the bobbin b, provided with
a wharve c¹ and an inverted flyer d with four legs, of which d¹ forms the traverse

page_text: bar for the yarn e to work over as it passes to the eye d²; f is the guide roller
placed over the centre of the spindle c; g is the water trough in which are the
guide rollers gl and h is the roller covered with flannel, india-rubber, or other
suitable material which I employ to lay the fibres uniformly and which is driven
from the revolving shaft i by means of a worm gearing into and driving the
worm wheel h¹ keyed or secured on the roller shaft h²; j and k are a pair of conical
twist rollers, see Figs. 3, 4, and 5, the surfaces of which are milled and divided by
the collars j and respectively; the twist roller j is mounted on' the shaft ja on
which is fixed the spur wheel and the twist roller k is mounted on the shaft ³ ou
which is fixed the spur wheel m, the wheels and m being geared together by
means of the spur wheel n mounted on the shaft or stud n¹; o is the lifting rail
and p a bobbin mounted on the front spindle q to which is secured the flyer ŕ and.
the wharve q' which is driven by a band s from the drum t. In place of the
flyer a ring may be employed. The spindle c is driven from the front spindle g
by means of the band u which passes from the wharve q² to the wharve c¹.
The operation is as follows:-The ends of the threads e to be twisted or doubled
are taken from the bobbin b over the leg a through the eye d and upward over
the guide roller f part of the twist being put in by the inverted flyer; the thread
passes from the roller f to the guide rods or rollers g¹ in the water trough g, over the
roller which is kept revolving in the opposite direction to that in which the
thread is drawn; or else the roller may be rotated in the same direction as
the threads travel but at a higher speed. The thread e passes from the roller h to
the small ends of the twist rollers j and k and passes several times over each
roller, the collars and keeping the thread in the proper position; from the
large ends of the twist rollers j and k, the increasing diameter of which causes the
drag, the thread passes to the flyer r and is wound on the bobbin p thus receiving
the remainder of the twist.
In dry twisting or doubling the threads pass from the guide roller feither first
under the roller h which may be used for all kinds of wet or dry twisting and
doubling frames or directly to the twist rollers j and k.
The twist rollers j and k may be either in the same horizontal plane, or nearly
so, or placed one above the other as shown in Figs. 3, 4, and 5.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. The general construction, combination and arrangement of parts forming my
improved machine for twisting and doubling fibres, substantially as herein shown
and described for the purposes specified.
2. The combination of the bobbin b and inverted flyer d with the revolving
roller h, conical twist rollers j and k, or their equivalents, flyer r (or ring) and the
bobbin p, substantially in the manner and for the purposes herein set forth.
3. The revolving roller h, substantially as and for the purposes herein shown
and described.