Improvements in Brakes for Bicycles, Tricycles, and other similar Velocipedes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Apr., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 12th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 16th Mar.,
1395
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brakes for Bicycles, Tricycles, and other similar
Velocipedes.
We, CHARLES STOTESBURY, of 45, East Dulwich Grove, London, S.E.
Engineer, and WILLIAM MONK WHITE, of 23, Lordship Lane, Dulwich,
London, S.E. Cycle Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in the form of brakes for the pneumatic
or inflated tyres of bicycles, tricycles, &c. and consists of a roller of peculiar shape
and of light construction. By the use of which the motion of the machine is
retarded and ultimately brought to a standstill, as effectively as by the use of the
ordinary common form of "spoon" brake; but without the slightest wear and tear
of the tyre; friction being reduced to a minimum.
The said roller is made with ball-shaped ends, and can also be made with plain
flush ends; and is hollowed out, all round the centre of sufficient degree to clear
the tread of the tyre when in contact with same.
Thus should the tyre carry round a small flint, thorn, or anything likely to cause
a graze or puncture, at the moment brake is applied, this common cause of injury
to the inflated form of tyres by the use of "spoon" brakes, will be altogether
avoided.
The aforesaid roller is made preferably of rubber of suitable composition: and
is made or formed on a closely coiled bush, to reduce frictional area, which may be
made of aluminium, or any suitable anti-friction-metal wire.
The said roller can be made of any other suitable material and a plain busb
may also be used.
spoon
The roller revolves on a spindle or axle which is passed through the aforesaid
bush, and fixed at both ends to the arms of a bracket or crown piece of suitable
form. The said bracket or crown piece can be attached to, or formed on the end
of the rod and lever as in the ordinary manner of fixing the "
"brakes.
The brake is operated by pressing the handle at end of lever rod, by which means
it is lowered, and the ball shaped ends of aforesaid roller will come into contact
Ая
with the upper outside edges of the tyre, and will immediately revolve.
increased pressure is applied the said roller will obtain a firm and substantial grip
on the tyre and thus stop the machine.
We may also use two of the aforesaid rollers, for the purpose before described,
fixed in the aforesaid bracket or crown piece, and to act and revolve in the same
manner as a single roller as previously stated.
Dated this Eleventh day of April 1894.
CHARLES STOTESBURY.
WILLIAM MONK WHITE.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Brakes for Bicycles, Tricycles, and other similar
Velocipedes.
We, CHARLES STOTESBURY of 45 East Dulwich Grove, S.E. Engineer, and
WILLIAM MONK WHITE, of 23 Lordship Lane, East Dulwich, S.E., Cycle
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in brakes for pneumatic or inflated tyres
of bicycles tricycles and other velocipedes, and will be best understood by reference
to the accompanying drawings, in which
Figure 1 is a sectional view showing one form of the improved brake, applied to
a pneumatic tyre, which latter is shown in transverse section.
Figure 2 is a transverse central section of the brake shown in Figure 1.
Figures 3 and 4 are views respectively similar to Figures 1 and 2, of a second
form of the brake device.
Like letters represent like parts throughout the drawings.
The improved brake consists essentially of a roller A of peculiar shape, by the
use of which the motion of the machine is retarded and the machine is ultimately
brought to a standstill as effectively as by the use of the ordinary common form of
spoon brake,, but without the wear and tear upon the tyre generally incident to the
use of such spoon brakes, the friction upon the tyre being according to this
invention reduced to a minimum.
The roller A is made with approximately ball-shaped ends A¹ but may if desired
also be made flat at its ends. It is hollowed out at its central part so as to form
an annular recess of sufficient width to clear the central part of the tread of the
tyre F when in contact therewith. By forming the roller A with a recess A² to
clear the tread surface of the tyre the following benefit is secured viz. should the
tyre carry round a particle of flint, a thorn, or other article likely to cause a graze
or puncture when the brake is applied, no injury to the tyre will result because
the roller A does not present any contact surface to the part of the tyre carrying
the flint or equivalent.
The roller A is made preferably of rubber and as shown in Figure 1 may be
secured, for example by vulcanization, upon a helically wound bush B through
which passes the bolt or spindle C by means of which the roller A is pivotted in
the bracket or crown piece D connected in the usual manner with the brake lever
or equivalent.
Between each end of the roller A and the adjacent arm of the bracket D is
provided a washer E of any suitable material which is adapted to be pressed
against the inner face of said bracket arm by the longitudinal extension of the
roller A as hereinafter more particularly described.
When the before described brake is applied to the wheel the particular form of
the roller A causes it to extend in the direction of its axis, this resulting essentially
from the fact that the sides of the annular recess or groove A' bear upon the
convex surface of the tyre F. In expanding in this manner the ends of the roller
are pressed against the. washers E which latter are themselves pressed forcibly
against the arms of the bracket or crown piece D so as to present considerable
frictional resistance to the rotation of the roller A which without this friction
would be free to rotate upon the spindle C. The result of this operation is that at
the first application of the brake to the tyre F the roller A is caused to rotate
freely but when the pressure upon the brake lever is increased sufficiently the
longitudinal expansion of the roller A causes its rotation to be retarded, this
subsequently being sufficient to bring the machine to a standstill.

page_text: Although we prefer the before described construction by reason especially of the
form or arrangement of the bush B we may if desired construct the device in other
ways without departing from the essential features of the invention, for example
as illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 wherein we have shown substituted for the bush B
another bush B' consisting of a cylinder of metal or other material which exten'ls
from one washer E to the other. The operation of the brake shown in Figures 3
and 4 is substantially the same as that previously described with reference to
Figures 1 and 2 but it is not considered so satisfactory as the bush B' tends to
arrest the longitudinal expansion of the roller A, whereas the bush B does not
appreciably interfere with the roller A in this respect:
The exterior surface of the roller A may be formed with ribs projection<
grooves or other devices for enabling the roller A to obtain a better grip upon the
tyre F.
Instead of using a single roller reduced in diameter at the middle of its length
we may divide it at that part in which case the two separated parts will operate
practically in the same manner as the two connected parts in the examples herein-
before given, or we may use a single roller which will be the equivalent of either
one of these two separated parts. The braking devices constructed according to
our invention take a bearing upon the sides of the trend surfaces of the tyres but
preferably not upon the centres thereof.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is;-
1. In a brake device the employment of a roller so formed and arranged that
when pressed upon the surface or periphery which is to be retarded it is forced
axially against one or more surfaces which will retard or prevent its rotation.
2. In a brake device the combination with the brake roller of a flexible bush
such as B substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
3. In a brake device a roller reduced at its central part to clear the centre
of the tread surface of the wheel to be retarded and with or without washers
such as E substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings.
4. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete brake
device substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of the
accompanying drawings.
5. The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete brake
device substantially as described and illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 of the
accompanying drawings.
Dated this 12th day of February 1895.
CHARLES STOTESBURY.
WILLIAM MONK WHITE.
Boult & Wade,
Agents for the Applicant.