Improvements in Carding Machines.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Mar., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 19th Sept., 1893-Accepted, 21st Oct., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carding Machines.
We, THOMAS WHITELAW, and WILLIAM HOWIE, of Willow Holme Mill,
Carlisle, in the County of Cumberland, Wool Spinners, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows, that is to say :-
This invention has for its object to improve the nation of carding machines, and
it relates more particularly to the actions taking place between the main carding
cylinder and the workers.
In carding machines to which this invention is to be applied, a number of workers
are arranged around a part of the main cylinder and are placed as near each other
as is conveniently practicable. In each curvilinear space between the main
cylinder and two of the workers there are placed a carrier roller and a card-covered
roller or stripper. The carrier roller, which may be plain or covered with card
cloth, or emery cloth, or other frictional coating, is placed close to the earlier of
the two workers so as to receive and carry over from that worker the fibrous
material it has taken off the main cylinder. The stripper roller is placed between
the carrier roller and the next worker, and whilst rotating in the same direction as
the workers has its teeth inclined or set the opposite way. The fibrous material is
taken off the carrier roller by the stripper rolle, and is by this roller laid in a
regular manner on the main cylinder, with the carded or straightened fibres placed
at the stretch on to and into the cylinder card, and so that partly carded or lumpy
fibres will be prominent and in the best position for succeeding workers to complete
the operation of the machine in a superior manner.
Dated this Twentieth day of March 1893.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Carding Machines.
We, THOMAS WHITELAW, and WILLIAM HOWIE, of Willow Holme Mill,
Carlisle, in the County of Cumberland, Wool Spinners, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement, that is to
say:
This invention has for its object to improve the action of carding machines, and
it relates more particularly to the actions taking place between the main carding
cylinder and the workers.
Io carding machines to which this invention is to be applied, a number of workers
are arranged around a part of the main cylinder, and in each curvilinear space
between the main cylinder and two of the workers there are placed a carrier roller
ID 1

page_text: or guide and a card-covered roller or stripper. The carrier roller which is used
according to one modification may be plain or covered with card cloth, or emery
cloth, or other frictional coating, is placed close to the earlier of the two workers
so as to receive or strip off and carry over from that worker the fibrous material it
has taken off the main cylinder. The stripper roller is placed between the
carrier roller and the next worker; and, whilst rotating in the same direction as the
workers has its teeth inclined or set the opposite way. The fibrous material is
taken off the carrier roller by the stripper roller, and is by this roller laid in a
regular manner on the main cylinder, with the curded or straightened fibres placed
at the stretch onto and into the cylinder card, and so that partly carded or lumpy
fibres will be prominent and in the best position for succeeding workers to complete
the operation of the machine in a superior manner.
And in order that the said invention and the manner of performing the same may
he properly understool, we hereunto append two sheets of explanatory drawings to
be hereinafter referred to.
Figure, 1, on Sheet, 1, is a vertical section or diagram, showing on a small scale
the main parts of a carding machine or engine, as provided with our improvements:
and
Figure, 2, on Sheet, 2, is an enlarged diagram of a part of the machine.
In these drawings the same reference letters are used to mark similar parts
wherever they are repeated, numerals being in some cases affixed to distinguish
individual similar parts, whilst arrows indicate the directions of the motions,
Around a part
of the periphery of the main carding cylinder, A, there are
arranged worker, B, as in some existing arrangements there being a series of
curvilinear spaces between the main cylinder and each two workers. In each
curvilinear space, as, for example, that between the workers, 14, and BJ, we place
a carrier roller, C, and a stripper roller, D, and the fibrous material taken by one
worker, as B4, for example, is conveyed therefrom over the carrier roller, C, to
the stripper, D, which last taking it downwards lays it onto and into the card
teeth of the main cylinder, A, the stripper, D, having a smaller surface speed than
that of the main cylinder.
The general construction of the machine and the driving arrangements may be
like or similar to those of existing machines, the worker rollers, B, the carrier
roller, C, and the stripper rollers, D, being mounted in adjustable bearings, and the
several rollers being driven at suitable speeds, the carrier rollers, C, having #
surface speed about one sixth greater than the worker rollers, 13, and the stripper
rollers, D, having a surface speed about ten times as great as that of the carrier
rollers, C.
The improved arrangements hereinbefore described, avoid the production of a
confused or cloudy fleece or liver, occuring in some existing machines from the
wool passing round each worker to the worker next it towards the feeling-in end,
and thence pasing again between the cylinder and the same worker, and thereby
loading the machine. The improved arrangements also avoid irregularities in the
fleece or sliver due in some existing machines in which a roller between two
successive workers takes the wool from the first worker and drops it in a loose and
uncontrolable condition onto the main cylinder at some distance from the point
where the next worker is nearest to the cylinder. The roller in the existing
machines last referred to rotates in the opposite direction to the workers, whereas
in the improved arrangement, the stripper, D, rotates in the same direction as the
workers and is thereby enabled to lay the fibres in a proper and regular manner
onto and into the card teeth of the main cylinder, A.
A further important advantage of the improved arrangement is that each
stripper, D, which can be very easily adjusted as regards its more or less close
proximity to the cylinder, A, can by such adjustment, and without altering the
adjustments of the workers or other parts, be made to perfectly control the quantity
of fibre to be lifted by the next worker in order. Thus for example, if after the
machine has been operating satisfactorily some change in the staple or quality of

page_text: the wool or fibre fed in, or anything else, calls for a little modification of the action,
it can be readily effected by altering the adjustment of one or more of the
strippers, D.
The strippers, D, are by preference, and as best shown in Figure, 2, made of a
size relatively to the workers, B, such that each very nearly touches the two
workers (as B4, B5) as well as the main cylinder, A, and thereby effectually
prevents any fibre adhering to the workers, so that they do not get clogged or filled
up but are kept in the best carding order.
The clative sizes of the various rollers shown in the accompanying drawings are
such as in practice give good results; it will however be obvious to the practical
carder that such sizes may in some cases be altered without much if any dis-
advantage. Thus if the workers, B, are placed further apart, the stripper
roller, D, may be made larger. As an example, a series of workers of a convenient
size may be arranged alternately with strippers of the same or a different size,
around the main cylinder, the strippers rotating in the same direction as the
workers, but having their card teeth reversed, and there being a carrier roller, C,
between each worker and the stripper next it towards the delivery end.
As what is herein before described as the carrier roller, C, has simply to guide the
fibrous material from a worker such as, B 4, to the stripper, D, it may be fixed
instead of rotating and it may be of any suitable shape.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the sameis to be performed we declare that we are aware
of the Specification of Letters Patent, No. 2455 of 1887, granted to William
Brown, and we wish it to be understood that we do not describe as of our invention
or claim any combination described and claimed therein and that what we
claim is:
In a carding machine in which a series of worker rollers are arranged around the
main cylinder, the placing between each worker roller and the next in order, a
carrier roller, or guide and a stripper roller, the latter rotating in the same
direction as the worker but having reversed card teeth, and adapted to lay the
fibres received by it from the worker onto and into the card teeth of the main
cylinder, substantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
Dated this Eighteenth day of September 1893.
EDMUND HUNT,
Applicants' Agent.