AN IMPROVED METHOD OF BLEACHING CERTAIN ANIMAL FATS, AND CERTAIN ANIMAL, VEGETABLE, AND FISH OILS
Year: 1834

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
SEPTIMUS LOSH, of Walker, in the County of Northumberland, Gentleman,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King William the Fourth,
by His 'Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Seventeenth day of July, in the fifth year of His reign, did,
for Himself, His heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said:
William Septimus Losh, His especial licence that I, the said William'
Septimus Losh, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
William Septimus Losh, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term:
of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF BLEACHING CERTAIN ANIMAL FATS, AND
CERTAIN ANIMAL, VEGETABLE, AND FISH OILS;" in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso obliging me, the said William Septimus Losh, by an
strument in writing, under my hand and seal, particularly to describe and
ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His said Majesty's'
High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference
being thereunto had, will more fully and at large appear,
1

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Septimus Losh, do hereby declare then
the nature of my said Invention
to consist in making the oils and fats or fatty matter, to which my process is
applicable, miscible with water in such manner as effectually to admit of the
application of a solution of chloride of lime to bleach the same, and in the
use of the said solution, in manner herein-after explained for that purpose.
And in further compliance with the said proviso, I, the said William
Septimus Losh, do hereby describe the manner in which my said Invention
is to be performed, by the following statement thereof (that is to say):
I take a quantity of the oily or fatty matter to be bleached, and add to it
one twentieth of its weight of caustic potash or soda, or one twelfth of its
weight of the carbonate or chloride of potash or soda, dissolved in a quantity
of boiling water, equal in bulk to the oily or fatty matter to be bleached,
taking care to stir the mixture until it is perfectly uniform and free from
knots; I then take chloride of lime of commerce equal to one fourth of the
weight of the said fatty or oily matter to be bleached, and having dissolved
it in cold water in the proportion of six hundred gallons of water to one
hundredweight of chloride of lime I draw off the clear solution from the
residuum, and allow the clear and cold solution of chloride of lime to trickle
slowly into the mixture before mentioned while it is still sufficiently warm to
be in a liquid state, at the same time very carefully stirring the whole mass;
the bleaching action speedily. commences, and proceeds gradually during the
addition of the cold solution of chloride of lime, and for some time afterwards,
until the colour is sufficiently discharged. The bleached oily or fatty matter I
then put into some kind of boiler that will resist the action of sulphuric acid (I
have found an ordinary iron boiler lined with lead answer the purpose perfectly
well), and boil it in diluted sulphuric acid in the proportion of one part
sulphuric acid, of one hundred and twenty strength, to twenty parts of water
until it is freed from any of the lime or alkaline substance which may have
combined with it during the bleaching process, and floats quite clear upon the
top of the acid liquor, after which I draw it off into clean warm water to
free it from any adhering acid or other impurities, and it is then ready for use
Now whereas the quantities and proportions of the substances herein-before
given may be considerably varied without materially affecting the process, bu
in the proportions before stated I have found the bleaching is very speedy
and complete, and is applicable to such oils as linseed, palm, whale, and seal
and to such fats as impure tallow, and what is commonly called grease o
kitchen stuff. And whereas, I claim as my Invention the bleaching of such
oils and fats or fatty matter as aforesaid, by combining the said oils and fat

page_text: with water, holding in solution an alkali or alkaline substance, then gradually
mixing with the fluid mass so obtained a cold solution of chloride of lime, in
manner herein-before described; the subsequent processes of boiling in acid
and washing in warm water being merely to free the bleached substances
from the extraneous matter which has been imported into them by my method
of bleaching.
And such my Invention being, to the best of my knowledge and
belief, entirely new, and never before used within that part of His said
Majesty's United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England,.
His said Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, I do hereby
declare this to be my Specification of the same, and that I do verily believe
that this my said Specification doth comply, in all respects, fully and without
reserve or disguise, with the proviso in the said herein-before in part recited
Letters Patent contained; wherefore I do hereby claim to maintain exclusive
right and privilege to my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Septimus Losh, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and thirty-four.
WILLIAM SEPTIMUS (L.S.) LOSH.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-eighth day of October,
in the year of our Lord 1834, the aforesaid William Septimus Losh came
before our said Lord the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the
Specification aforesaid, and all and every thing therein contained and specified,
in form above written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped
according to the tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Inrolled the Twenty-ninth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and thirty-four.