A NEW METHOD WHEREBY HEATED WATER, STEAM, AND AIR, CAN BE RENDERED SERVICEABLE, AND MORE SERVICEABLE FOR NEW PURPOSES, AND EVERY PURPOSE POR WHICH THEY HAVE EVER BEEN APPLIED, WITH LESS EXPENCE OF FUEL THAN IS NOW USED, ESPECIALLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF WORKING THE STEAM ENGINE, AND OP WARMING
Year: 1809

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
CORNELIUS ENGLISH, late of Petersham, in the County of Surrey, but now of
Twickenham, in the County of Middlesex, Esquire, send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by his
Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, bearing date at Westminster, the Twenty-eighth day of November,
in the fiftieth year of His reign, did give and grant unto me, the said William
Cornelius English, my executors, administrators, and assigns, His special
licence, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said William
Cornelius English, my executors, administrators, and assigns, and every of them,
by myself and themselves, or by my and their deputy or deputies, servants, or
agents, or such others as I, the said William Cornelius English, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend within that
part of the said United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called England,
the Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick upon Tweed, my Invention of
"A NEW METHOD WHEREBY HEATED WATER, STEAM, AND AIR, CAN BE RENDERED
SERVICEABLE, AND MORE SERVICEABLE FOR NEW PURPOSES, AND EVERY PURPOSE POR
WHICH THEY HAVE EVER BEEN APPLIED, WITH LESS EXPENCE OF FUEL THAN IS NOW
USED, ESPECIALLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF WORKING THE STEAM ENGINE, AND OP WARMING

page_text: AND HEATING BUILDINGS AND STOVES, AND ALSO VESSELS AND COPPERS FOR ALL
PURPOSES, AND BY WHICH WATER, STEAK, AND AIR (HEATED) MAY BE APPLIED TO
MANY PURPOSES HITHERTO UNKNOWN, AND WHICH INVENTION WILL BE OF CONSIDERABLE
AND GENERAL BENEFIT AND ADVANTAGE;" in which said Letters Patent is con-
tained a proviso that if I, the said William Cornelius English, should not
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under
my hand and seal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said recited Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent and
all liberties and advantages whatsoever thereby granted should utterly cease,
determine, and become void, anything therein-before contained to the contrary
thereof in anywise notwithstanding, as by the said in part recited Letters
Patent, reference being thereunto had, will fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
William Cornelius English, do hereby declare that the nature of my said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, are particu-
larly described and ascertained as follows, that is to say:-
Instead of raising steam to a high degree of temperature and elasticity in
the boiler, as is usually done in cases where an extraordinary degree of
pressure or work is required, and permitting it to pass directly from the boiler
to the cylinder of a steam engine or other place at which the said steam is to
be applied or used, I do raise the steam in the boiler by means of a moderate
temperature, that is to say, about fifteen degrees more or less above tho
boiling point of water (when heated in the open air,) and I do convey the said
steam from the boiler into the cylinder or place aforesaid at which the same
is to be applied or used through a tube or tubes or other appropriate vessels or
receptacles, part or parts of which tube or tubes, vessels or receptacles, is or
are exposed to the action of fire so as to produce a red heat in the same when
required, and in consequence whereof the said steam is made to expand after
it leaves the boiler, and becomes capable of operating in the steam engine or
in any other apparatus wherein the action or effects of steam is or hath been
employed, and thereby the consumption of water in the said steam, and of fuel
employed in generating any determinate force, are less than would be consumed
and employed in the common method of raising and applying steam. And I
do further declare that the materials of which the said tube or tubes or other
appropriate vessels or receptacles are to be formed or made may consist of any
such metallic or other substances as are capable of supporting the heat of the

page_text: furnace, and are not (at least in any considerable degree) destroyed by steam,
and that the inner face or lining of the said tube or tubes or other appropriate
vessels or receptacles must indispensably be of such a nature as to withstand
the action of the steam employed, and that in this construction of apparatus I
prefer a lining or inside facing of brass or copper within the tube or tubes,
vessels or receptacles as aforesaid, and farther that I do in general leave the
communication from the boiler through the said tube or tubes or other appro-
priate vessels or receptacles unto the steam engine or apparatus, at or upon
which the steam is intended to act, open or without obstruction as to the
passage thereof, but that I do also, in such applications as may require the
communication to be occasional or by intervals, apply and use a valve or valves,
sluice or sluices, cock or cocks, or other similar well-known contrivances, to
regulate, limit, and dispose of the said communication according to the means
and in the manner in which such regulation, limitation, and disposal are
commonly made. And I do further declare that I do also expose air to the
action of heat in the said tube or tubes or other appropriate vessels or recep-
tacles in order to expand and apply the same to the purposes herein-before and
herein-after mentioned; and that I do cause the same to pass through the
said tube or tubes or other appropriate vessels or receptacles by means of a
pump or such other instrument as shall produce the requisite motion for the
supply; and, lastly, I do declare that steam or air heated according to my said
method may be advantageously applied for the communication of heat to
vessels for evaporating and other purposes, and to plates, floors, or chambers
for drying gunpowder or other articles, and to flues or tubes for heating
buildings, as well as to a variety of objects which it is not necessary to
enumerate or describe.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Cornelius English, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, the Twenty-sixth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and ten.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Twenty-eighth day of May, in
the fiftieth year of the reign of His Majesty King George the Third, the said
William Cornelius English came before our said Lord the King in His
Chancery, and acknowledged the instrument aforesaid, and all and everything
therein contained and specified, in form above written. And also the instrument
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the Statute made in the forty-
eighth year of his said Majesty's reign.
Inrolled the Twenty-eighth day of May, One thousand eight hundred
and ten.