IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF COLOURING MATTERS CAPABLE OF BEING EMPLOYED FOR THE PURPOSES OF DURING AND PRINTING
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Justus Wolff, of Wyke, near Bradford, Consulting and
Engineering Chemist, and Ralph Betley, of Wigan, Analytical and Consulting
Chemist, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF
COLOURING MATTERS CAPABLE OF BEING EMPLOYED FOR THE PURPOSES OF
DURING AND PRINTING."
Sealed the 4th April 1876, and dated the 4th January 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Justus Wolff and Ralph
Betley at the Office of Commissioners of Patents on the 4th January 1876.
JUSTUS WOLFF, of Wyke, near Bradford, Consulting and Engineering Chemist,
"IMPROVE-
and RALPH BETLEY, of Wigan, Analytical and Consulting Chemist.
MENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF COLOURING MATTERS CAPABLE OF BEING EMPLOYED
FOR THE PURPOSES OF DYEING AND PRINTING."
This Invention relates to the production of coloring matters capable of being
employed for the purposes of dyeing and printing, and consists,-
First. In the production of such coloring matters from what is known as aniline
and nitro-benzol in conjunction with hydrochloric or other hydrogen acid, such
acid to be employed in such quantity as either to combine in part or entirely, or to
unite with a portion or with the whole of the aniline employed.
For carrying out this first part of our Invention we take about three parts by weight
of aniline or of aniline containing toluodine with about one part by weight of nitro-
benzine, or of nitro-benzine containing nitro-toluine, and with about two parts
by weight of hydrochloric acid, or of any other inorganic hydrogen acid capable of
effecting the desired result.
We then heat this mixture to a temperature of about from 190° to about 220°
Celsius, and continue the heat until what is known as the melt gives upon a sample
being submitted to the action of water the desired coloration, such yellowish brown
coloration being indicative of the production of the desired result. Any excess of
aniline remaining in the melt may be removed by means of steam or otherwise.
The melt is then submitted to the action of water at an elevated temperature,
such water being either neutral, or by preference, slightly acidified.
The melt is then submitted to the action of water, acidulated or not, until the
aqueous solution attains a coloration caused by the black coloring matter contained
in the melt becoming soluble.
The solution of the black coloring matter may then be treated with saline matters,

page_text: such, for example, as common salt or caustic or carbonate of soda, so as to pre-
cipitate the dye, or the solution may be employed for the purposes of dyeing or
printing. The precipitated coloring matter thus obtained may be redissolved in
water or in acidulated water, and is then suitable for the purposes of dyeing and
printing.
Secondly. Our Invention consists in the employment of aniline in conjunction
with arsenic acid, such arsenic being employed in such proportions as that from
about one-half to two-thirds of the aniline employed shall be saturated.
In carrying out this second part of our Invention we prefer to employ the
arsenic acid either in a dry state or in solution in about the proportion of one
equivalent of arsenic acid to about from 3 to 5 equivalents of aniline. The mixture
of aniline, together with a metallic oxygen acid, such, for example, as arsenic acid,
is to be submitted to a temperature of about from 190° to about 220° Celsius, and
when the melt gives upon being submitted to the action of water a yellowish
brown color the application of heat is to be arrested, and the resulting melt is
then to be treated in the manner previously described, and the coloring matters
thus obtained may be employed as indicated for the purposes of dyeing and
printing.
Instead of employing aniline a salt of aniline, such, for example, as hydrochlorate
of aniline, may be substituted.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Justus Wolff and Ralph Betley in the Great Patent Office on the
1st July 1876.
JUSTUS WOLFF, of Wyke, near Bradford, Consulting and Engineering Chemist,
and RALPH BETLEY, of Wigan, Analytical and Consulting Chemist. "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF COLORING MATTERS CAPABLE OF BEING EMPLOYED
FOR THE PURPOSES OF DYEING AND PRINTING."
The said Invention relates to the production of coloring matters capable of being
employed for the purpose of dyeing and printing, and consists,-
First. In the production of such coloring matters from what is known as aniline
and nitro-benzol in conjunction with hydrochloric or other suitable hydrogen acid, such
acid to be employed in such quantity as either to combine in part or entirely, or to
unite with a portion or with the whole of the aniline employed.
In carrying out this first part of our Invention we take about three parts by
weight of aniline or of aniline containing toluodine with about one part by weight
of nitro-benzine or of nitro-benzine containing nitro-toluine, and with about two to
three parts by weight of hydrochloric acid, or of any other inorganic hydrogen acid
capable of effecting the desired result.
We then heat this mixture to a temperature of about from 190° to about 240°
Celsius, and continue the heat until what is known as the melt gives upon a sample
being submitted to the action of water the desired coloration, such yellowish
brown coloration being indicative of the production of the desired result. Any
excess of aniline remaining in the melt may be removed by steam or otherwise.
The melt is then submitted to the action of water at an elevated temperature,
such water being either neutral or, by preference, slightly acidulated until the
aqueous solution attains a coloration caused by the coloring matter contained in the
melt becoming soluble, and the extraction by water repeated until the whole of
the soluble coloring matter is dissolved.
The solution of the coloring matter may then be filtered and treated with saline
matters, such, for example, as common salt or caustics, or carbonate of soda, so as to
precipitate the dye, or the solution may be employed for the purposes of dyeing or
printing. The precipitated coloring matter thus obtained may be redissolved in

page_text: water or in acidulated water, and is then suitable for the purpose of dyeing and
printing.
Our Invention consists,-
Secondly. In the employment of aniline in conjunction with arsenic, such arsenic
acid being employed in such proportion as that from about one-half to about two-
thirds of the aniline employed shall be saturated.
The
In carrying out this second part of our Invention we prefer to employ the
arsenic acid in a dry state or in solution in about the proportion of one equi-
valent of arsenic acid to about from three to five equivalent of aniline.
mixture of aniline, together with metallic oxygen acid, such, for example, as arsenic
acid, is to be submitted to a temperature of about from 190° to about 220° Celsius,
and when the melt gives, upon being submitted to the action of water, a yellowish
brown color, the application of heat is to be arrested, and the resulting melt is
then to be treated in the manner previously described, and the coloring matters
thus obtained may be employed, as indicated, for the purposes of dyeing and
printing.
Instead of employing aniline a salt of aniline, such, for example, as hydrochlorate
of aniline, may be substituted.
Having now described and particularly ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into
effect, we would observe in conclusion that what we consider to be novel and
original, and therefore claim as the Invention secured to us by the herein-before in
part recited Letters Patent is,―
First. The production of coloring matters from aniline in conjunction with nitro-
benzol by the employment of hydrochloric acid, or of other suitable hydrogen acids,
in the manner herein-before described.
Second. The production of coloring matters from aniline by the employment of
arsenic acid, or of other metallic oxygen acids, in the manner and for the purposes
herein-before described.
In witness whereof, we, the said Justus Wolff and Ralph Betley, have to this
our Specification set our hands and seals, the Thirtieth day of June, One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-six.
JUSTUS WOLFF. (L.S.)
RALPH BETLEY. (L.S.)