A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS. OR INSTRUMENT FOR FACILITATING THE ASCERTAINING OF THE TEMPERATURE OF HAY, CORN, HAULM, OR SEED RICKS, STACKS, Mows, OR HEAPS, ALSO APPLICABLE FOR VENTILATING THE SAID RICKS, STACKS, MOWS, OR HEAPS, AND FOR EXTRACTING SAMPLES FROM THE INTERIOR THEREOF
Year: 1866

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edwin Lywood, of Middle Week, Andover, in the
County of Hants, for the Invention of "A NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS.
OR INSTRUMENT FOR FACILITATING THE ASCERTAINING OF THE TEMPERATURE
OF HAY, CORN, HAULM, OR SEED RICKS, STACKS, Mows, OR HEAPS, ALSO
APPLICABLE FOR VENTILATING THE SAID RICKS, STACKS, MOWS, OR HEAPS, AND
FOR EXTRACTING SAMPLES FROM THE INTERIOR THEREOF."
Sealed the 31st January 1867, and dated the 7th August 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edwin Lywood at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th
August 1866.
I, EDWIN LYWOOD, of Middle Week, Andover, in the County of Hants, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A NEW OR IMPROVED
APPARATUS OR INSTRUMENT FOR FACILITATING THE ASCERTAINING OF THE TEM-
PERATURE OF HAY, CORN, HAULM, OR SEED RICKS, STACKS, Mows, OR HEAPS, ALSO
APPLICABLE FOR VENTILATING THE SAID RICKS, STACKS, Mows, OR HEAPS, AND FOR
EXTRACTING SAMPLES FROM THE INTERIOR THEREOF," to be as follows:-
I construct a tube of metal, wood, or other suitable material having a
number of apertures all along its surface, which tube is closed at one end by
means of a conical head, by preference made slightly larger in diameter than
the diameter of the tube; this tube is forced into the body of the rick, stack,.
mow, or heap, either by driving it in by blows or pressure, or by forming a

page_text: screw thread upon the tube and screwing it in. The tube having been
inserted, a thermometer attached to a rod or stick is introduced to any
distance down the tube, whereby the temperature at that particular part of
the rick will be readily ascertained. If the temperature of the rick, stack,
mow, or heap is found to be higher than advisable, the said perforated tube is
left in the same, whereby the hot air or steam from the interior of the rick
will be caused to pass through the apertures into the tube, and will escape
along the same and through the open end thereof projecting from the rick.
If the tube is in a more or less. horizontal position the passage of the steam
and hot air through the same may be accelerated by causing the open end
thereof to communicate with a vertical tube or flue outside of the rick, acting
as a chimney, and the draught up such flue may, if requisite, be still further
accelerated by introducing a jet of air or steam into the same. In order to
obtain samples of the hay, corn, seeds, or other substances in the interior of
the rick, stack, mow, or heap, small projections or cups or recesses are formed
at or near the closed end of the tube, which take up a portion of the substance
as the tube is drawn out for that purpose.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edwin Lywood in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 6th
February 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWIN
LYWOOD, of Middle Week, Andover, in the County of Hants, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of August, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edwin Lywood, Her special licence that I, the said Edwin Lywood,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Edwin Lywood, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time, and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "A NEW OB
IMPROVED APPARATUS OR INSTRUMENT FOR FACILITATING THE ASCERTAINING OF THE
TEMPERATURE OF HAY, CORN, HAULM, OR SEED RICKS, STACKS, Mows, OR HEAPS,
ALSO APPLICABLE FOR VENTILATING THE SAID RICKS, STACKS, Mows, OR HEAPS, AND

page_text: FOR EXTRACTING SAMPLES PROM THE INTERIOR THEREOF," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Edwin Lywood, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, -should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calender months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edwin Lywood, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the accompanying Drawing, and to
the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say :-
I construct a tube of metal, wood, or other suitable material having a
number of apertures all along its surface, which tube is closed at one end by
means of a conical head, by preference made slightly larger in diameter than
the diameter of the tube; this tube is forced into the body of the rick,
stack, mow, or heap, either by driving it in by blows or pressure, or by
forming a screw thread upon the tube and screwing it in. The tube having
been inserted, a registering thermometer attached to a rod or stick is intro-
duced to any distance down the tube, whereby the temperature at that
particular part of the rick will be readily ascertained. If the temperature of
the rick, stack, mow, or heap is found to be higher than advisable the said
perforated tube is left in the same, whereby the hot air or steam from the
interior of the rick will be caused to pass through the apertures into the
tube, and will escape along the same and through the open end thereof pro-
jecting from the rick. If the tube is in a more or less horizontal position the
passage of the steam and hot air through the same may be accelerated by
causing the open end thereof to communicate with a vertical tube or flue
outside of the rick, acting as a chimney, and the draught up such flue may,
if requisite, be still further accelerated by introducing a jet of air or steam
into the same. In order to obtain samples of the hay, corn, seeds, or other
substances in the interior of the rick, stack, mow, or heap, small projections,
hooks, cups, or recesses are formed at or near the closed end of the tube,
which take up a portion of the substance as the tube is drawn out for that
purpose.
On the accompanying Drawing are shown various arrangements for carrying
my Invention into practice.
Figure 1 shows a side elevation of a ventilating tube of metal A, having a

page_text: number of small holes a, a, a, communicating with the interior of the tube.
It is open at b, where it is provided with a socket, into which a vertical
tube or funnel B (Figure 2) can be fixed when the tube is inserted into
the rick C, in order to accelerate the draught through the same. At c
the tube is closed by means of a conical or pointed head, slightly larger in
diameter than the tube, in order to allow of its being readily driven into the
rick by means of a beetle or mallet. To the head c are hinged a number of
small books d, which in withdrawing the tube from the rick take up and
bring out with them a sample of the hay or other substance from the interior
of the rick. When the interior of a rick C is believed to be in a heated state
the tube A is driven in, and a thermometer is inserted to any point down the
interior thereof; from this the actual temperature is ascertained, and if this is
found to be too high, the tube is left in the rick, and if requisite, the vertical
funnel B is fixed to the projecting open end thereof, the joint being by
preference made good with clay or putty, so as to cause the hot air passing
into the tube from the rick through the holes a, a, to ascend in the funnel,
and thus create a draught, whereby the hot air will be effectually drawn away
from the beated part of the rick, which will consequently soon be cooled. In
order still further to accelerate the draught through the tube a small nozzle
may be inserted into the funnel, as at D, Figure 3, and connected by means
of a flexible or other pipe E either to the steam pipe of a portable or other
steam engine, or to a blowing fan, so as to cause a jet of steam or air to pass
up the funnel.
Instead of driving the tube A into the rick by means of a mallet, as
described, a screw blade may be formed or fixed thereon, by preference at the
closed end, as at e, Figure 4, and the tube be screwed into the rick, for which
purpose handles f, f, may be fixed to the open end thereof.
.
Having now described the nature of my Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do not claim
generally the use of perforated tubes for the purpose of ventilating ricks,
stacks, or heaps of hay, or other agricultural produce, nor the forcing of air
through such tubes, as I am aware that this has already been proposed; but
what I claim is,-
First, the construction and use of removeable perforated tubes, open at one
end and closed at the other end, where they are formed conical, pointed, or
tapering, for the purpose of enabling them to be driven into ricks, stacks,
mows, or heaps of agricultural produce after such ricks are constructed, in
order either to ascertain the temperature of the same or to draw the hot air
from the interior thereof, substantially as herein-before described.

page_text: Second, forming a screw thread or blade upon the outer surface of such
perforated tubes, in order to enable them to be screwed into the rick, stack,
mow, or heap, substantially as herein-before described with reference to
Figure 6 on the accompanying Drawing.
Third, attaching to the open end of such tubes a vertical tube or funnel
situated outside the stack, rick, mow, or heap, with or without a jet of
air or steam passing up the same to accelerate the draught by means of
a long vertical column of hot air or steam, substantially as herein-before
described with reference to Figures 2 and 3 on the accompanying Drawing.
Fourth, forming or fixing upon the closed ends of the said tubes, cups,
recesses, projections, or hooks for withdrawing samples from the interior of
the ricks, stacks, mows, or heaps, substantially as berein-before described with
reference to Figures 1 and 2 on the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edwin Lywood, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Sixth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
EDWIN LYWOOD. (L.s.)