Improvements in Apparatus for Heating or Cooling Liquids, Gases, and the like.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 8th Mar., 1898
Complete Specification Left, 15th Sept., 1898-Accepted, 12th Nov., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating or Cooling Liquids, Gases,
and the like.
I, ADAM SLUCKI, of No. 22, Chlodnastrasse, Warsaw, in the Empire of Russia,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The present invention relates to heating and cooling apparatus, the casings of
which have tubes passing through them, through which the heat giving or absorbing
medium flows, while for the medium circulating around the tubes, devices are
arranged (for example, metal conducting sheets) which determine a fixed direction
for this medium between the tubes for the purpose of increasing the exchange of
heat. In spite of these devices the exchange of heat between these two media is
relatively bad, the cause of which is that the medium around the tubes surrounds it
in strata which are too thick and irregular.
By means of this invention, this objection is overcome, by providing the
apparatus with an arrangement which causes the medium to surround the tubes in
ribbon-like, thin, wave-shaped strata in a direction transverse to the axis of the
said tubes. For this purpose, the casing of the apparatus enclosing the tubes is
divided, not only horizontally but also vertically between the tubes, by partitions,
into as many chambers as there are tubes. Each chamber encloses a tube, and is
connected with the next one by a slit which extends almost the whole length of the
diaphragm, in such a way that the cylindrical or prismatic spaces formed around
each tube are connected into one or more rows. In this manner the medium
around the outer part of the tubes is compelled to pass around all the tubes in
succession, in thin, broad, wave-like strata. Thus the exchange of heat is increased
to such an extent that the present apparatus as has been shown by experiment,
possesses an efficiency six or seven times as great as the apparatus of the same
size as formerly constructed.
The apparatus may consist of two box like casings having adjutages or flanged
nozzles and is traversed by tubes. Between each two rows of tubes lying one over
another, are provided horizontal partitions which pass right across the casing in its
transverse direction, but in its longitudinal direction start alternately from each
These side walls have here
side wall and do not extend quite to the opposite one.
the wave shape, and the inner sides of the four enclosing bottoms of the casing not
connected with the tubes are likewise waved. The form of the partitions and that
of the enclosing walls is so selected that a cylindrical space is formed around each
tube, and a slit left between each neighbouring two hollow spaces, which extends
through the casing parallel to the tubes. Thus the heads of the waves which are
opposite to one another, separated by the slits from the vertical diaphragms for the
tubes.
The heating or cooling medium enters through the flanged nozzle and the first
slit into the first space. There it divides into two thin, broad, ribbon-shaped
currents, one of which flows around the one half, the other around the other half of
the outer circumference of the first tube, transversely to its axis. The two ribbon-
shaped streams then unite, and pass together through the second slit into the

page_text: second space, and so on to the topmost space on the right, whence the united
streams flow into the corresponding space of the next casing, and thence through
all the successive spaces to the flanged nozzle of this casing, which is connected by
a tube with the place where it is to be applied.
In a modification I may so arrange the waved diaphragms in the casing that the
spaces surrounding the tubes form two worm-like channels which unite at the inlet
and outlet nozzles.
According to another modification the space surrounding each tube may be of
prismatic shape.
The apparatus described is especially for use for superheating steam and heating
air with boiler hot gases or by a special fire, but it can be applied also to the
condensation of steam and for the cooling of air.
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45; Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating or Cooling Liquids, Gases,
and the like.
I, ADAM SLUCKI, of No. 22, Chlodnastrasse, Warsaw, in the Empire of, Russia,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to heating and cooling apparatus the casings of which
have tubes passing through them, through which the heat giving or absorbing
medium flows, while for the heat absorbing or giving medium circulating around
the tubes, devices aro arranged (for example, metal conducting sheets) which
determine a fixed direction for this medium between the tubes for the purpose of
increasing the exchange of heat.
In spite of these devices the exchange of heat between these two media is
relatively bad, the cause of which is that the medium circulating around the tubes
surrounds them in strata which are too thick and irregular.
By means of this invention, this objection is overcome, by providing the
apparatus with an arrangement which causes the medium circulating around the
tubes to surround the tubes in ribbon-like, thin, wave-shaped strata in a direction
transverse to the axis of the said tubes. For this purpose, the casing of the
apparatus enclosing the tubes is divided, not only horizontally but also vertically
between the tubes, by partitions, into as many chambers as there are tubes. Each
chamber encloses a tube, and is connected with the next one by a slit which extends
almost the whole length of the diaphragm, in such a way that the cylindrical or
prismatic spaces formed around each tube are connected into one or more rows.
In this manner the medium circulating around the outer part of the tubes is
compelled to pass around all the tubes in succession, in thin, broad, wave-like strata.
Thus the exchange of heat is increased to such an extent that the present apparatus
as has been shown by experiment, possesses an efficiency six or seven times as great
as the apparatus of the same size as formerly constructed.
In the accompanying drawing,
Figures 1 and 2 show in two sections perpendicular to each other a double
apparatus embodying my invention.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section of the same.

page_text: Figure 4 is a vertical section through a modified form of apparatus, and
Figures 5 and 6 show in vertical sections two further modifications.
Referring now to Figures 1 to 3, the apparatus consists of two box like casings a,
each of which has an ajutage or flanged nozzle b and is traversed by tubes c.
Between each two rows of tubes lying one over another, are provided horizontal
partitions d, Figure 2, which pass right across the casing a in its transverse
direction, but in its longitudinal direction start alternately from each side wall and
do not extend quite to the opposite one. These side walls have here the wave
shape, shown in Figure 2, and the inner sides of the four enclosing walls of the
casing not connected with the tubes c, are likewise waved. The form of the
partitions and that of the enclosing walls is so selected, that a cylindrical space e
is formed around each tube c, and a slit f left between each neighbouring two
hollow spaces, which extends through the casing parallel to the tubes c. Thus the
heads of the waves which are opposite to one another, separated by the slits f form
the partitions, which are vertical to the tubes c.
The medium to be heated or cooled enters through the ajutage or flanged
nozzle b, and the first slit into the first space c. There it divides into two thin,
broad, ribbon-shaped currents, one of which flows around the one half, the other
around the other half of the outer circumference of the first tube c, transversely to
its axis. The two ribbon-shaped streams then unite, and pass together through the
second slit into the second space, and so on to the topmost space on the right,
whence the united streams flow into the corresponding space of the next casing,
and thence through all the successive spaces to the ajutage of this casing, which
is connected by a conduit of pipes with the place where the said medium is to be
applied.
In the modification, shown in Figure 4, the waved partitions d are so arranged
in the casing a, that the spaces e surrounding the tubes c form two worm-like
channels which unite at the inlet and outlet ajutages or nozzles.
According to the modifications, shown in Figures 5 and 6, the space e
surrounding each tube c is of prismatic shape.
The apparatus described is especially applicable for use in superheating steam
and heating air by boiler hot gases or by a special fire, but it can be applied also to
the condensation of steam and for the cooling of air.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
In a heating or cooling apparatus for gaseous media, the casing of which being
traversed by tubes, through which the one medium flows, while the other medium
circulates around the tubes, the combination of the casing with horizontal and
vertical partitions dividing the casing into chambers, each of which encloses one
tube and is connected with the next one by a slit in such a manner, that a space is
formed around each tube and all these spaces are connected into one or more rows,
substantially as described and for the purpose specified.
1741
Canton 1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.