Improvements in or relating to Hinges.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, and may,
Complete Specification Left, 22nd Feb., 1895-Accepted, 4th May, 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION,
Improvements in or relating to Hinges.
I, JOHN WILLIAM PHILLIPS, of Twyneham, Alma Road, Winton, Bournemouth
in the County of Hampshire, Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
-
My invention relates to hinges for doors and the like.
The object of any said invention is to provide hinges, and attachments for same,
for doors and the like, of simple form, and so constructed and fitted that they cause
the doors to self close after they are opened, and to keep closed until again opened.
In making and fitting butt, and similar kinds of hinges, according to one form
or modification of my invention, I fit on the spindle or pivot pin of the hinge a
spiral spring, removing or leaving out for the purpose a part, or whole of one of
the swivelling eyes or knuckles of the hinge-preferably the central one-the said
spring fitting in the opening thus left and embracing the hinge pin.
The free ends of the spring project beyond same and bear upon the back of the
two flaps or leaves of the hinge, and when the door is opened the said ends of
spring are carried round with the opening leaves thus coiling up the spring, that is,
bringing it into torsion, thus the door by reason of the reaction of the spring-the
ends of same always bearing on the back of the leaves of the hinge-always seeks
to close itself without being in any way handled.
1 may make and fit the hinge pin in one length, or in two or three lengths, if in
three lengths with four knuckles, the upper and bottom lengths of pin are fixed
in the top and bottom knuckles, and the middle length, upon which the spring is
fitted, will be adjustable in the second and third knuckles respectively.
Sometimes I may fit the pivot pin in two lengths and cause the upper length to
be screwed into the middle knuckle of hinge, and the lower length to be fixed in
the lower knuckle, in this arrangement should the upper length of pin be removed
from the hinge, the latter would still pivot on the lower fixed pin and it would be
impossible, or at least very inconvenient, to remove the latter pin for the purpose
of burglariously unhinging the door.
According to another form or modification of my invention-applied more
especially to butt hinges-instead of fitting a spiral spring between the knuckles
of the hinge, in manner as hereinbefore described, may screw or otherwise.
secure a pin in the top and bottom knuckles of the hinge lengthways of same, and
fit around the projecting part of the pins a spiral spring or a coiled spring similar
to those used for the main spring of a clock, securing the inner end of same to its
respective pin, and the other short projecting end to the door, or door frame ;
when the door is opened the springs are coiled up on the pins and in seeking to
uncoil themselves the door is closed. The springs can be made and fitted right or
left handed according to whether it is desired to secure the outer ends of same to
the door or door frame.
Such fittings can be readily attached to ordinary butt hinges as now usually
made.
According to another form or modification of my invention applied more
especially to T, or cross-garnet, and the like hinges, I may sometimes provide and
fit to same a plate spring coiled at each end fitting same under the back of the
pivot pin of hinge at or about the centre of the vertical length of the hinge, the

page_text: spring being fitted and held in position between the adjacent knuckles of hinge. I
may sometimes also mount an autifriction roller upon the end of this spring which
bears upon that part of the hinge affixed to the door, or the like, thus securing a
freer movement of the spring upon same when the door is being opened, or is
>hutting.
I have described my improvements as applied to butt and cross-garnet hinges,
but it is obvious the same are applicable in similar manner as herein before described,
to almost, if not all kinds of hinges for doors, and the like.
In the event of the spring becoming worn or requiring to be renewed for other
purposes, the same may be readily effected by removing the pivot pin, or pins, of
hinge afterwards replacing same with the attached new spring.
Hinges fitted according to my invention may have any convenient number of
knuckles and the spring may be fitted between any two of them found most
convenient, and various suitable kinds of springs may be fitted to the hinges, for
the purpose described, other than those herein before mentioned.
DL: O
3
C
100
JOHN WILLIAM PHILLIPS,
Herbert P. Blake,
70, High Street, Southampton, Agent for the Applicant.
JOHN WILLIAM PHILLIPS Twyneham Alma Road Winton Bournemouth in
the County of Hampshire Joiner do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for its object improvements in hinges the object of the
invention is to provide hinges for doors and the like with spiral & other springs
when the door & the like is opened the arms or ends of the springs are carried round.
with the leaves of the hinge thus coiling up the spring that is bringing it into tension
the door & the like by reason of the reaction of the spring always seeks to close
itself without being in any way handled the following is a description of the fixed
hinge pin which extends from the top & bottom of the hinge to the middle of the
third knuckle thus allowing a spiral spring to be more easily & readily fixed, some-
times instead of using a fixed hinge pin, I may use a loose pin, in this case, I fix
a nib, to one of the leaves of hinge, the other leaf a slot, should the hinge pin be
removed; the nib will prevent the leaves of hinges being so easily & readily
separated, for the purpose of burglariously entering, the hinge may be made with
any number of knuckles.
The accompanying drawings represent some hinges of different forms but the
invention may of course be applied to hinges of other form.
Fig. 1 is a face view showing spiral spring between knuckles of same.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section through knuckle.
Fig. 3 is a back view showing the arms of spiral spring at back of leaves of hinge
also the spring between the knuckles when brought into tension.
Fig. 4 is a plan showing the leaves of hinge when closed by spring with nib and
slot in same.
Fig. 5 is a plan showing leaves of hinge open.
Fig. 6 & 7 is a face view of T or X garnet hinges when the door & the like
is closed with spiral spring coil or plate spring with antifriction roller at end..
A is the spiral spring which is coiled up, when the door & the like is opened brings
1

page_text: it into tension and seeks to close itself without being in anyway handled as is shown
in Figure 1 & 2. B is the fixed or loose hinge pin or pivot as is shown in Figure 2.
C is the slot to allow D the nib to pass through to prevent the door or the like
as is shown in
from being opened should the loose hinge pin be removed
E is the plate spring with one end fixed to the pivot or hinge pin as is shown in
Figure 6.
Figure 1 3-4 & 5.
F is the antifriction roller. G is the pivot of axle for the roller to bear on for
the Tor X garnets as is shown in Figure 6.
closing
H is the spiral spring for closing the T or X garnets hinges as is shown in
Figure 7.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
1. Improvements in hinges as illustrated and shown in the accompanying
drawings with spiral springs fixed hinge pins arranged substantially as and for
the purpose as hereinbefore described.
2. Improvements in hinges with loose pin as shown in the accompanying drawings
substantially as hereinbefore described.
3. Improvements in hinges with spiral coil or plate spring with antifriction
roller at end as shown in the accompanying drawings as for the purpose arranged
substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this 21st day of February 1895.
JOHN WILLIAM PHILLIPS.