IMPROVEMENTS IN RANGES OR COOKING APPARATUS
Year: 1868

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Frederic Pelham Warren, of Northumberland
House, High Road, Lee, in the County of Kent, Commander in the
Royal Navy, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN RANGES OR
COOKING APPARATUS."
Sealed the 13th April 1869, and dated the 17th October 1868.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Frederic Pelham
Warren at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 17th October 1868.
1, FREDERIC PELHAM WARREN, of Northumberland House, High
Road, Lee, in the County of Kent, Commander in the Royal Navy, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
RANGES OR COOKING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
This Invention, which has for its object improvements in ranges or
cooking apparatus, consists in a peculiar combination of steam jacketted
ovens or cookers with the fire-places and boilers of cooking ranges.
In constructing a range according to my Invention the upper or
steam space of the boiler communicates by a suitable pipe, passage, or
Price S

page_text: opening, or pipes, passages, or openings, with a hollow space or casing,
or hollow spaces or casings, surrounding the oven or cooker, or ovens or
cookers, so that flesh and other food may be cooked without danger of
being burnt or subjected in the process to a more than sufficient heat,
and so as also to avoid its absorption of moisture, the boiling or stewing
thereof being effected by the steam or vapour given off by the evaporation
of the fluids contained in such flesh or other food without its being
placed or coming into contact with water for that purpose.
I prefer
that the ovens or steam cookers should be arranged at the side or sides
of the fire-place within the main casing of the range, so that the
casing forms a part of the jacketting, but they can be placed in other
situations, and may in many instances be advantageously placed above
the boilers of ordinary ranges, in which cases I form an aperture or
apertures through the cover or covers of such boilers; and I form the
jacketted ovens or cookers with hollow cones or projecting parts fitting
into the thumb recesses in the boiler covers. The ovens or cookers are
provided with hollow steam shelves, and are arranged so as to be entirely
surrounded by the steam jacketting, for which purpose the doors are
hinged to the main body, and are made hollow and arranged so as to
communicate with the hollow steam space surrounding the main body of
the oven or cooker, and means are provided for the escape of the steam
after doing duty in the jacketting.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Frederic Pelham Warren in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 17th April 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, FREDERIC
PELHAM WARREN, of Northumberland House, High Road, Lee, in the
County of Kent, Commander in the Royal Navy, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of October, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, in the
thirty-second year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and suc-
cessors, give and grant unto me, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, Her
special licence that I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Frederic Pelham

page_text: Warren, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RANGES OR COOKING APPARATUS,"
upon
the condition (amongst others) that 1, the said Frederic Pelham Warren,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my.
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent. n.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement thereof, that is to say:
This Invention, which has for its object improvements in ranges or
cooking apparatus, consists in a peculiar combination of steam jacketted
ovens or cookers with the fire-places and boilers of cooking ranges.
In constructing a range according to my Invention the upper or steam
space or spaces of the boiler or boilers communicates or communicate by
a suitable pipe, passage, or opening, or pipes, passages, or openings, with
a hollow space or casing or hollow spaces or casings surrounding the
oven or cooker or ovens or cookers, so that flesh and other food may be
cooked without danger of being burnt or subjected in the process to a
more than suflicient heat, and so as also to avoid its absorption of
moisture, the boiling or stewing thereof being effected by the steam or
vapour given off by the evaporation of the fluids contained in such
flesh or other food without its being placed or coming into contact with
water for that purpose. I prefer that the ovens or steam cookers should
be arranged at the side or sides of the fire-place within the main casing
of the range, so that the casing forms a part of the jacketting, but they
can be placed in other situations. The ovens or cookers are by pre-
ference provided with hollow steam shelves, and arranged so as to be
entirely surrounded by the steam jacketting, for which purpose the
doors may be hinged to the main body, made hollow and arranged so as
to communicate with the hollow steam space surrounding the main body

page_text: of the oven or cooker, and means are provided for the escape of the
steam after doing duty in the jacketting.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate the manner in which a range
may be conveniently constructed with ovens heated by steam according
to my Invention; but I would remark that the details therein shewn
may be modified to suit the requirements of particular cases without
.departing from the distinctive character of my Invention.
'
Fig. 1 is a front view of the range; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section
through the line A, B, of Figs. 3 and 4; Fig. 3 is a plan view in section
through the line C, D, of Fig. 1; Fig. 4, a like view through the
line E, F, of Figs. 2 and 5; Fig. 5, a section through the line G, H,
of Figs. 2 and 4; and Fig. 6 is an enlarged view, shewing one of the
hinges by which steam is conducted from the jacketting or steam casing
to the hollow door of the oven. The same letters of reference are used
to denote corresponding parts in all the views.
a is the main casing of the apparatus, and is made of cast iron; bis
an ordinary open fire-place; c is a baking or roasting oven of ordinary
construction, situated as usual within the main casing of the range, so
as to leave flue spaces, as herein-after mentioned, between the same and
the top, bottom, sides, and back of the oven, whose inner side is protected
from immediate contact with the fire in the fire-place by a cast-iron
plate d, as shewn. e is the boiler, heated by products of combustion
passing through flues, as shewn and herein-after explained; it is formed
at, its lower part with a boot, which projects somewhat into the back
part of the fire-place, and the upper portion of the boiler is enclosed in
the part a¹ of the main casing, which forms the lower portion of the
main chimney or flue. f is the improved oven, heated by steam; f', its
hollow shelf or division, and f, the steam space between the steam
oyen and; the main casing of the apparatus; g is the pipe or tube, by
which steam from the upper part of the boiler is conveyed to the steam
space this pipe or tube is to be provided with a safety valve at g',
and is furnished also with a steam valve gå, as shewn. I have found
that the weight of the lever of a small ordinary safety valve is sufficient
for general working without any springs or separate weights, because for
safety it is important to keep the steam at a very low pressure in boilers
of the construction shewn in the Drawing. is the hollow door of the
steam passes from the
oven; f*, f³, hinges of same, through which
space into the door; the construction of these hinges will be under-
+1

page_text: stood on reference to Fig. 6. The lower or stationary part f of the
hinge is made somewhat like the barrel of a cock, and its interior
communicates by a passage f with the steam space f³ of the oven, while
the upper or rotating part. f of the hinge is provided with a hollow hinge
pin resembling the plug of a cock and fitting accurately into the
stationary part f. When the oven door is shut steam from the space f³
passes through the hollow hinges into. the hollow door f³, and the
condensed steam returns to the lower part of the space through the
lower hinge f, for which purpose there is a steam-tight partition f¹³
across the interior of the hollow door to prevent the accumulation
therein of condensed steam below the opening leading to the interior of
the lower hinge f³. When the door is opened the communication
between the steam space, and the interior of the hollow door f³ is cut
off. fo is an aperture in the lower part of the steam space casing,
through which condensed steam escapes into the sliding drawer or
tray f", which can be drawn out and emptied when necessary, or the
condensed steam may be conveyed away by means of a pipe into a drain
or ash-pit. In some cases the steam after doing duty in the space f* may
be farther utilized by being conveyed through a pipe or pipes from the
space into a potatoe or vegetable steamer, as will be readily under-
stood. is a cast-iron plate to protect the fire-place side of the steam
casing from the direct action of the fire in the grate; i, i, are sliding
dampers for regulating the draught. The products of combustion leave
the fire-place at the baking oven side, and also at k and at '; those
which leave at k, after passing through the perforations in and below
the plate, proceed along the flue under the bottom of the boiler
and down by the back portion of the side and bottom of the baking
oven c, as indicated by the blue arrows in Fig. 2, after which they pass
up between the back of the oven and the back of the main casing, and
pass into and away by the chimney or flue a¹. The products which
leave the fire-place at k¹ pass over the boot of the boiler and up the
main flue between the front of the boiler and the front of the part a¹ of
the casing; those which leave at the baking oven side pass partly
through the perforations in the plate (the object of which is to check
the current of cold air entering at the upper part of the front of the fire-
place, and which might otherwise tend to cool the flues of the oven),
while the remainder pass up between the same and the cast-iron plate d
at the side of the oven, and the united products then proceed across the top
of the oven and down between its outer side and the main casing a, where

page_text: they are deflected by a plate l' towards the back portion of that side of
the oven; thence they proceed under the bottom of the oven, and are
deflected by a plate towards the front portion of its bottom, from
whence they proceed to the back part thereof, and up the flue between
the back of the oven and back of the main casing into the chimney.
It will be readily understood by competent persons that ovens heated
by steam as described according to my Invention may be arranged u.
sets either side by side or one above another, and so that the steam space
of one oven may communicate with that of another, as may be most
convenient to suit the arrangement of range to which they are applied.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim, the
construction of ranges or cooking apparatus with ovens or cookers
heated by steam, substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Frederic Pelham Warren, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of April, in
the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-
nine.
FREDERIC PELHAM WARREN. (L.S.)