IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC ALLOYS
Year: 1884

page_text: I, GEORGE ALEXANDER DICK, of 110 Cannon Street, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC ALLOYS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of Manganese copper
which effect the separation of the Manganese contained in Ferromanganese and
cause it to combine with Copper by melting the Ferromanganese with Copper in
the presence of Silicium.
At present Manganese Copper is ordinarily manufactured by reducing Oxide of
Manganese with charcoal, at a very high temperature, and then adding thereto the
requisite quantity of Copper. This process is very slow, and owing to the very
high temperature employed the oxides attack the crucibles considerably whilst at
the same time only the richest and purest, and consequently a very expensive,
oxide of manganese can be used. These objections are obviated by the method
hereinafter described.
For the purposes of this Invention I take a quantity of the following metals.
(1.) Ferromanganese of the nature of that used in the manufacture of Bessemer
steel, selecting, by preference, that which contains a large percentage of
Manganese.
(2.) Silicious iron, containing, by preference, a large percentage of Silicium.
(3.) Pure Copper.
These metals are melted together in a crucible and upon pouring the melted
mass out into ordinary moulds it will be found that the Manganese has combined
with the Copper, whilst the Iron, combined with the Silicium, forms a layer upon
the Manganese copper.
I have found that the greater the quantity of Silicium, contained in the mixture,
the more perfect is the separation of the manganese copper from the Iron and
Silicium but a quantity of Silicium as small as 1 per cent of the Manganese present
suffices to produce the desired effect.
In some cases it will be found that the Ferromanganese contains a sufficient
quantity of Silicium to effect a combination with the iron in the ferromanganese
leaving the manganese free to combine, as it does in effect, with the copper, and

page_text: when such is the case there will be no necessity for the employment of any Silicious
Iron. I have found that advantageous results are obtained by regulating the
proportion of the various metals in such a way that the quantity of Manganese in
the manufactured Manganese Copper is from about 40. to 60. per cent of the
Copper and that the quantity of Silicium present is about 2 per cent of that of
the Manganese.
The analyses of the various metals (Ferromanganese, Silicious Iron, and Silicated
Ferromanganese), sold in the market being known it is a simple matter to arrange
the desired proportions and to avoid in the process the employment of much Iron.
Dated this ninth day of April One thousand eight hundred and eighty four.

page_text: I, GEORGE ALEXANDER DICK, of 110, Cannon Street, in the City of London,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC ALLOYS," and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
This Invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of Manganese copper
which effect the separation of the manganese contained in Ferro-manganese and
cause it to combine with copper by melting the ferro-manganese with copper in
the presence of silicium.
At present manganese copper is ordinarily manufactured by reducing oxide of
manganese with charcoal, at a very high temperature, and then adding thereto the
requisite quantity of copper. This process is very slow, and owing to the very high
temperature employed, the oxides attack the crucibles considerably, whilst, at the
same time, only the richest and purest, and consequently a very expensive oxide
of manganese can be used. These objections are obviated by the method herein-
after described.
For the purposes of this Invention I take a quantity of the following metals.
(1). Ferro-manganese of the nature of that used in the manufacture of Bessemer
Steel, selecting, by preference, that which contains a large percentage of
manganese.
(2). Silicious iron, containing, by preference, a large percentage of Silicium.
(3). Pure Copper.
These metals are melted together in a crucible or furnace and upon pouring the
melted mass out into ordinary moulds it will be found that the manganese has
combined with the copper, whilst the iron, combined with the silicium, forms a
layer upon the manganese copper.
I have found that the greater the quantity of silicium, contained in the mixture,
the more perfect is the separation of the manganese copper from the iron and
silicium but a quantity of silicium as small as 1 per cent of the manganese present
suffices to produce the desired effect.
In some cases it will be found that the ferro-manganese contains a sufficient
quantity of silicium to effect a combination with the iron in the ferro-manganese
leaving the manganese free to combine as it does in effect with the copper, and,
when such is the case, there will be no necessity for the employment of any silicious
iron. I have found that advantageous results are obtained by regulating the
proportion of the various metals in such a way that the quantity of manganese in
the manufactured manganese copper is from about 40 to 60 per cent of the copper
and that the quantity of silicium present is about 2 per cent of that of the
manganese.
:
The analyses of the various metals (ferro-manganese, silicious iron, and silicated
ferro-manganese) sold in the market being known it is a simple matter to arrange
the desired proportions and to avoid in the process the employment of much iron.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim, is :--
First. The manufacture of manganese copper by melting ferro-manganese with
copper in the presence of silicium, substantially as herein before described and
set forth

page_text: And Secondly. The process of separating from ferro-manganese the, manganese
combined therewith by melting together ferro-manganese and copper, and in cases
where silicium is not present in the ferro-manganese in sufficient quantity, adding
silicious iron and thereby producing an alloy of manganese copper and separating
the silicium and iron, substantially as hereinbefore described.
Dated this thirtieth day of December One thousand eight hundred and eighty
faux
VAUGHAN & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.