Improvements in the Manufacture of Tubular Connections for Cycles, Motor Cars, Pipes and the like, and in the Machine or Machinery for the Production of the same.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 13th Aug., 1900-Accepted, 6th Oct., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Tubular Connections for Cycles,
Motor Cars, Pipes and the like, and in the Machine or Machinery
for the Production of the same.
I, CAMPBELL GROVE HARRISON, of Bundle Hill, Hales-Owen, in the County of
Worcester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of tubular
connections for cycles motor cars pipes and the like and in the machine or
machinery for the production of the same and is a further improvement upon
my prior Patent No. 310 dated 5th January A.D. 1898 by which I simplify the
construction and arrangement of the various parts so as to make the machine
more suitable for the manufacture or production of cycle heads brackets lugs
and such like hollow junctions, also for tees, elbows, crosses, T pieces cock
shells and the like.
In carrying my invention into practice I will first explain my machine or
machinery for the production of manufacture of a socket from a metal blank.
The bar of steel or iron is first cut to the desired length and size and properly
scarfed it is then heated and placed on a semicircular die or swage in an exact
impression sunk upon the face in a similar manner is described in my herein before
mentioned prior patent. A linked mandril or its equivalent resting upon a
flexible table or bench supported by springs or a weighted lever or other means,
so long as the bouyancy is sufficient to carry the weight of the mandril and
raise or lift it above the blank so as to allow the linked mandril which is attached
to a slide operated by a short fulcrum lever to slide over and press the blank to
the bottom of the swage or die when forced by the pressure of two swivelling
pistons secured in a vertical position in suitable guides attached to or forming
part of the frame and operated or moved by a separate jumping cam thus bring-
ing the edges of the blank vertical or nearly vertical or at right angles to their
former position.
The two grippers described in my prior patent which are fitted with suitable
tools now advance one ahead or in advance of the other and fold the plate over
or around the mandril overlapping the scarfed edges and holding them until
the central presser also described in my prior patent and which is also fitted
with suitable tools, descends and closes up the lapweld. The linked mandril is
then withdrawn by the action of the side levers on their backward strike. Or
the socket and mandril may be carried forward after being disconnected from the
links by a pusherout provided at the rear of the machine. One short fulcrum
lever only is required in this case instead of two as described in
mentioned prior patent.
my before
To produce round or square elbows I cut or form a blank from sheet steel or
iron of a particular shape the ends of which are scolloped and notched out and
scarfed. This blank is then heated and placed on
a suitable die having upon

page_text: its surface an exact impression of the blank. The two swivelling pistons before
mentioned are in this case fitted with mandrils of the same diameter as the bore of
the elbow to be made and set at such an angle so as to bring the outlets square
with each other. These mandrils descend and push the heated blank to the
bottom of the die bringing the notched ends upwards. Or the large side levers
referred to in my prior patent may be used for this purpose and these side levers
are moved or operated by covered heart cams mounted on the main horizontal
shaft the two covered crown cams for operating the gripping levers are also
mounted upon this shaft one in front and one behind the covered heart cams.
By this means I'dispense with the side shafts and vertical shaft referred to in
my prior patent.
The two grippers mentioned above now advance one before the other folding
and overlapping the notched and scarfed edges when the central presser which
is fitted with suitable tools descends and closes the lap-weld the grippers retain-
ing their hold until the mandrils are withdrawn.
These fittings may also be made at two heats the first at a temperature
sufficient for bending the second heat being raised to welding point. In this
case the bottom bending die is removed and another one placed in its stead the
hollow curve, or sink of which does not quite form half a circle. The other
portion being modified to account for this difference.
In the production of tees similar tools are used but in some cases I may use
for welding only a bottom die cut through or made in two parts, the curved parts
or sinks on each half forming rather more than a half circle. When the fitting
under operation is placed in position between the curved parts of the die the
halves may be drawn together by a screw having a right and left hand thread in
which case the grippers would not be required.
The scarfing of the edges of the various blanks is done by means of a punch
having a cutting edge shaped according to the part required to be scarfed and
at the back and below this cutting edge is formed a leg or projection descending
into the die which acts as a guide for the amount to be cut off. The bottom die
or that upon which the blank rests is cut away or bevelled off towards the base
at the part where the punch descends so as to give the proper bevel or scarf to
the edge of the blank.
Dated this 17th dow of November 1800
CAMPBELL GROVE HARRISON.
By George Barker,
Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents,
Agent for Applicant,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Tubular Connections for Cycles,
Motor Cars, Pipes and the like, and in the Machine or Machinery
for the Production of the same.
I, CAMPBELL GROVE HARRISON, of Bundle Hill, Hales-Owen, in the County of
Worcester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of tubular
connections for cycles, motors cars, pipes and the like, and in the machine or

page_text: machinery for the production of the same and is a further improvement upon my
prior Patent No. 310 dated 5th January A.D. 1898 by which I simplify the con-
struction and arrangement of the various parts so as to make the machine more
suitable for the manufacture or production of cycle heads brackets, lugs, and
such like hollow junctions also for tees, elbows, crosses, T pieces, cock shells,
and the like.
In carrying my invention into practice I will first explain my machine or
machinery for the production or manufacture of a socket from a metal blank.
The bar of steel or iron is first cut to the desired length and size and properly
scarfed it is then heated and placed on a semi-circular die or swage in an exact
impression sunk upon the face in a similar manner as described in my herein-
before mentioned prior patent. A linked mandril or its equivalent resting upon
a flexible table or bench supported by springs or a weighted lever or other
means, so long as the bouyancy is sufficient to carry the weight the mandril and
raise or lift it above the blank so as to allow the linked mandril which is attached
to a slide operated by a short fulcrum lever to slide over and press the blank to
the bottom of the swage or die when forced by the pressure of two swivelling
pistons secured in a vertical position in suitable guides attached to or forming
part of the frame and operated or moved by a separate jumping cam thus bring-
ing the edges of the blank vertical or nearly vertical or at right angles to their
former position.
The two grippers described in my prior patent which are fitted with suitable
tools now advance one ahead or in advance of the other and fold the plate over
or around the mandril overlapping the scarfed edges and holding them until
the central presser also described in my prior patent and which is also fitted
with suitable tools descends and closes up the lapweld. The linked mandril is
then withdrawn by the action of the side levers on their backward stroke. Or
the socket or mandril may be carried forward after being disconnected from the
links by a pusherout provided at the rear of the machine. One short fulcrum
lever only is required in this case instead of two as described in my before men-
tioned prior patent.
To produce round or square elbows I cut or form a blank from sheet steel or
iron of a particular shape the ends of which are scolloped or notched out and
scarfed. This blank is then heated and placed on a suitable die having upon its
surface an exact impression of the blank. The two swivelling pistons before
mentioned are in this case fitted with mandrils of the same diameter as the
bore of the elbow to be made and set at such an angle so as to bring the outlets
square with each other. These mandrils descend and push the heated blank to
the bottom of the die bringing the notched ends upwards. Or the large side
levers referred to in my prior patent may be used for this purpose and these
side levers are moved and operated by covered heart cams mounted on the main
horizontal shaft the two covered crown cams for operating the gripping levers
are also mounted upon this shaft one in front and one behind the covered heart
cams. By this means I dispense with the sideshafts and vertical shaft referred to
in my prior patent.
The two grippers mentioned above now advance one before the other folding
and overlapping the notched and scarfed edges when the central presser which
is fitted with suitable tools descends and closes the lapweld the grippers retaining
their hold until the mandrils are withdrawn.
These fittings may also be made at two heats the first at a temperature
sufficient for bending, the second heat being raised to welding point. In this
case the bottom bending die is removed and another one placed in its stead, the
hollow curve or sink of which does not quite form half a circle. The other
portions being modified to account for this difference.
In the production of tees similar tools are used but in some cases I may use
for welding only, a bottom die cut through or made in two parts, the curved
parts or sinks on each half forming rather more than a half circle. When the

page_text: fitting under operation is placed in position between the curved parts of the die
the halves may be drawn together by a screw having a right and left hand thread
in which case the grippers would not be required.
The scarfing of the edges of the various blanks is done by means of a punch
having a cutting edge shaped according to the part required to be scarfed and
at the back and below this cutting edge is formed a leg or projection descending
into the die which acts as a guide for the amount to be cut off. The bottom
die or that upon which the blank rests is cut away or bevelled off towards the
base at the part where the punch descends so as to give the proper bevel or
scarf to the edge of the blank.
In order that my invention may be more clearly understood and easily carried
into practical effect I have appended hereunto three double sized sheets of draw-
ings upon which I have illustrated an example of a portion of my machine
and of my tools for manufacturing sockets and tees and which will be sufficient
to apply the invention to various circumstances met with in practice.
Figure 1 is a front elevation shewing a portion of a machine with my improve-
ments applied thereto, the gripping levers or grippers being removed.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of Figure 1 shewing the gripping levers or grippers
in position ready for advancing.
Figure 3 is an end elevation of my machine shewing the pusherout and the
way in which I operate the same.
Figure 4 is a front end elevation shewing the large side levers and the cam
arrangements for operating the same.
Figure 5 is a part sectional end view of the die or swage for making sockets
shewing the grippers or gripping tools and the central presser in the positions
they assume when forming the socket.
Figure 6 is a part longitudinal sectional view of Figure 5 taken on the
line-y.
Figure 7 is a view of the blank from which I produce round or square elbows.
Figure 8 is a view of the die or swage for producing round elbows shewing
the mandrils of the swivelling pistons in position ready for forcing the blank
into the swage or die.
Figure 9 is a similar view to Figure 8 shewing the blank forced into the swage
or die.
Figure 10 is a front and end view of a modified form of my central presser.
Figure 11 is a view shewing the bottom welding die formed in two parts.
Figure 12 is a left hand end view of Figure 11.
Figure 13 is a part sectional elevation of my punch and die for scarfing the
edges of the blanks.
Figure 14 is a plan view of the scarfing die or guide.
In carrying my invention into practice I will first explain my machine or
machinery for the production or manufacture of a socket from a metal blank.
The blank or bar B of steel or iron is first cut to the desired length and size
and properly scarfed on the meeting edges by my scarfing tool as shewn at
Figures 13 and 14. This blank after being heated is then placed upon the semi-
circular die or swage A in an exact impression sunk upon the face in a similar
manner as described in my prior Patent No. 310 of 1898 the swage or die being
fixed in position upon the bed or frame of the machine as clearly shewn at
Figure 1. Attached to the slide 1 by the link connection m' is the mandril M
or its equivalent which rests upon the flexible table or bench E supported by the
springs or by a weighted lever or other means so long as the buoyancy is
sufficient to carry the weight of the mandril and raise or lift it above the blank B
so as to allow the linked mandril when operated by the short fulcrum lever F
to slide over the blank and force it down to the bottom of the die or swage A
by the pressure of the two swivelling pistons G secured in a vertical position in
suitable guides attached to or forming part of the frame and operated by a
separate jumping cam and which bear upon the ends of the linked mandril thus

page_text: bringing the scarfed edges of the blank vertical or nearly vertical or at about
right angles to their former position.
The two grippers or gripping levers H described in my before mentioned prior
patent which are fitted with suitable adjustable tools h¹ as shewn at Figure 2
now advance one ahead or in advance of the other and fold the plate or blank
over or around the mandril overlapping the scarfed edges and holding them until
the central or vertical presser also described in the hereinbefore mentioned prior
patent which is provided with a suitable tool J descends and closes up the lap-
weld as clearly shewn at Figures 5 and 6.
The linked mandril M is now withdrawn by the action of the short fulcrum
lever F on its backward movement which is employed in place of the two side
levers described in my prior patent or the mandril may be withdrawn by one
of these side levers. Or the socket and mandril may be carried after being
disconnected from the link or links m¹ by the pusherout R which is pivoted at r
to the rear of the frame of the machine and actuated by the eccentric mounted
on the counter shaft driven by the gearing on the intermediate shaft r5 as
clearly shewn at Figure 3. In this case the short fulcrum lever F is employed
in place of the two side levers described in the prior patent mentioned herein.
To produce round or square elbows I cut or form the blank B₁ from sheet
steel or iron of the particular shape as shewn at Figure 7 the ends 63 being
scolloped or notched out and scarfed. This blank B¹ is then heated and placed
upon the die A¹ having upon its surface an exact impression of the blank as
shewn at Figure 8. The two swivelling pistons G are in this case fitted with
the mandrils N of the same diameter as the bore of the elbow to be made and
set at such an angle so as to bring the outlets square with each other as clearly
shewn at Figures 8 and 9. These mandrils now descend and push the heated
blank to the bottom of the die A¹ bringing the notched ends 62 upwards into the
position as shewn at Figure 9.
Or the large side levers referred to in my hereinbefore mentioned prior patent
may be used for this purpose. These side levers P are moved or operated by
the covered heart cams 71 mounted on the main horizontal shaft R the two
covered crown cams ha for operating the gripping levers H are also mounted
upon this shaft R one in front and one behind the covered heart cams plas
clearly shewn at Figure 4. By this means I dispense with the side shafts and
vertical shaft referred to in my prior patent.
The two grippers H now advance one before the other folding and overlapping
the notched and scarfed edges 68 when the central presser which is fitted with a
suitable tool J descends and closes the lapweld the grippers retaining their hold
until the mandrils are withdrawn.
These fittings may if desired be made at two heats the first at a temperature
sufficient for bending, the second heat being raised to welding point. In this
case the bottom bending die is removed and another one placed in its stead the
hollow curve or sink of which does not quite form half a circle, the other portions
being modified to account for this difference. Or I may use the presser tool T
as shewn at Figures 10 for this purpose.
In the production of tees similar tools are used but in some cases I may use
for welding only a bottom die cut through or made in two parts K K' as clearly
shewn at Figure 11. The curved parts or sinks 2 on each half forming together
rather more than half a circle. When the fitting under operation is placed
in position between the curved parts the halves may be drawn together by
the screw which passes through a plain hole in the part K of the die and
screws into the nut or its equivalent inserted or let into the part K¹ of the die
as clearly shewn at Figure 11. Or the halves K K' may be drawn together
by a screw having a right and left hand thread. When using a bottom die of
this description the grippers H would not be required.
At Figures 13 and 14 I have shewn my tools for scarfing the meeting edges of
the various blanks and this is accomplished by means of the punch V having

page_text: the cutting edge 22 shaped according to the part required to be scarfed and at
the back of and below this cutting edge is formed the leg or projection 23
descending into the die V1 which leg acts as a guide or regulates the amount
to be cut or sheared off as clearly shewn at Figure 13. The bottom die V¹ or
that upon which the blank rests is cut away or bevelled off at vi towards the
base of the part where the punch V descends so as to give the proper bevel or
scarf to the edge of the blank.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
:-
CLAIMS.
First The improvements in the manufacture of tubular connections for
cycles, motor cars, pipes and the like consisting essentially in forming such
tubular articles from a metal blank placed on a swage or die a linked mandrel
resting upon the blank and upon a flexible table or bench for forcing the blank
into the swage or die when operated upon by vertical pistons and grippers and
a central or vertical presser provided with suitable tools in the manner and
for the purpose substantially as herein set forth and as shewn upon the accom-
panying sheets of drawings..
Second: The machine or machinery for the production of tubular articles
such as are the subject of the first claim consisting of a framing X carrying the
main shaft R the covered heart cams p for operating the side levers P the
covered crown cams 2 for operating the gripping levers H all mounted upon the
main shaft all working in combination with each other in the manner and for the
purpose substantially as herein set forth and as shewn upon the accompanying
sheets of drawings.
Third: In machines for making articles which are the subject of the first
claim the linked mandril M the flexible table or rest E the slide D operated in
combination with each other in the manner and for the purpose substantially
as herein set forth and as shewn upon the drawings by Figure 1.
Fourth In machines for making articles which are the subject of the first
claim the combination with the bottom die or swage A of the vertical pistons G
the grippers H the vertical presser fitted with a suitable tool J operated in the
manner substantially as herein set forth and as shewn upon the drawings by
Figures 1, 2, 5 and 6.
Fifth-In machines for making articles which are the subject of the first
claim the combination with the bottom die or swage A of the swivelling pistons
fitted with the tools N the grippers H the vertical presser fitted with a suitable
tool all operated in the manner substantially as herein set forth and as shewn
by Figures 8 and 9.
Sixth-The improvements in the manufacture of elbow pieces from blanks B¹
as shewn at Figure 7 substantially as herein set forth.
Dated this 12th day of August 1900.
CAMPBELL GROVE HARRISON.
By George Barker,
Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents,
Agent for Applicant, 77, Colmore Row, Birmingham.