Improvements in Lamps for Burning Petroleum and the like.
Year: 1886

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Nov.. 1886
Complete Left, 26th Sept., 1887
Complete Accepted, 28th Oct., 1887
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Lamps for Burning Petroleum and the like.
I, SAMUEL HOLMES, of 9 Meards Street, Soho, in the county of Middlesex,
Mechanist, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Hitherto pressure vapour lamps or what are commonly known as naphtha lamps
have been so constructed as to consume the vapour of naphtha mixed with air
and forced by gravitation through a perforated burner kept heated by the said
vapours when burning; these lamps, however, are not adapted for burning the spirit
from Russia and other petroleum, nor the heavier kinds of petroleum.
The object of my invention is to so construct this class of lamps that they shall be
suitable for producing light and heat from petroleum spirit and also from the heavier
kinds of petroleum.
For this purpose I construct the lamp with a suitable vessel for containing the
spirit and placed at a convenient height above the burner a pipe having a stop cock
connecting the said vessel and burner as has hitherto been the practice.
Where petroleum spirit is to be consumed in the lamp I provide it with two
separate passages for the mixture of air and spirit to be vaporized, one portion being
employed when ignited to act as a gas generator, and the other portion being passed
to the burner.
In cases where the heavier kinds of petroleum are to be used I construct the
burner so that the petroleum is caused to pass and repass through the highest
heated portion of the burner and the vapour thereby produced is then mixed with air
and consumed.
By this means I ensure the destructive distillation of all tarry or resinous matters
in the oil.

page_text: this tongue serves to prevent the draught produced by the flame at from causing the
flame at b, to flicker.
For the purpose of controlling the flow of vapor to the chamber e I provide the
screw i having a conical end, so that by turning it in one or the other direction the
passage will be more or less closed. The flow of inflammable mixture to the burner
is controlled by means of a screw having a flat end as shewn in Figure 3, so that by
slightly turning the said screw it will more or less close the passage through the
chamber e.
k, kare screws for enabling the passage to be cleaned and is a cup adapted to
contain a small quantity of inflammable liquid for heating the burner when starting
the same, the said cup being attached to the end of the screw .
The modification of my invention shown in figures 5 and 6 is substantially the same
as that shown in figures 2, 3, and 4 except that the tongue forms a continuous
flange around the shell a, that the cup is formed separate from the screw i and that
the burner & projects from one side of the shell a, so that the flickering of the flame
thereat is prevented.
In this
Figures 7, 8 and 9 show a burner especially adapted for heating purposes.
modification the shell a is provided with a series of vertical holes a¹ open at both
ends; the vaporization of the liquid is effected without a special flame the heat of the
burner being sufficient for the purpose. In order to facilitate the vaporization the
passage is caused to pass circuitously through the shell a as it passes to the chamber e,
for instance, as shown in figure 8, so that the liquid is subjected to the beat for a
longer period than would otherwise be the case. The vapour leaves the chamber e
through a series of holes m one of which is placed beneath each of the vertical
passages a¹.
As the jets of vapour issue from the holes m they mix with atmospheric
air and pass to the top of the shell a where they are ignited; a ring cap is placed
over the top of the shell a in order to concentrate the flames from the several
holes a¹.
The modification shown in figures 10 and 11 is for the same purpose as that last
described. In this case, however, the burner is provided with a cap a² in order to
spread the flame. This cap is hollow and the channel is arranged so that the liquid
enters the interior of the said cap, whence it passes through the central tube n' to the
chamber e.
The modification shown in figures 12 and 13 is similar to that shown in figures 2, 3
and 4, except that the vapour burns through a series of openings o.
Figures 14 and 15 show a burner the body a of which is in the form of a cylinder
closed at the top and bottom and provided at the sides with a series of apertures a³.
The liquid passes into the channel through the tube where it is vaporized, thic
vapour issuing through the hole p where it mixes with air, the mixture passing through
the passage into the interior of the cylindrical shell.
Figures 16 and 17 show a heating burner in which the passage is formed by
placing a tube within the outer tube. The liquid enters at e and after passing up
within the tube descends between the same and the outer tube to the holes p,
whence the vapour after mingling with the air enters the burner b. As shown in
Figure 17 this apparatus is provided with three burners b. A sponge is arranged
in the tube to prevent the too rapid flow of the liquid. A cup is provided for the
initial starting of the burner.
The apparatus shown in Figure 18 is similar to that last described except that it is
provided with only one burner b, which is adapted for lighting purposes a heating
tongue hand holes y being provided similar to those hereinbefore described and shewn
in figures 2 and 3 and for a like purpose.
In the burner shown in Figures 19 and 20 two tubes, are provided, the
passages around which both communicate with a chamber e whence the vapour issues
through a hole p into the burner tube at the upper end of which the vapour is
ignited. A plates is provided to spread the flame.
The modification shown in Figures 21 and 22 is similar to that last described
except that the liquid to be vaporized enters outside the tubes the vapour

page_text: passing within the latter to the hole p where it mingles with air as heretofore. The
construction shown in Figures 23 and 24 is similar to that last described except
that the plates is provided with a series of downward projections to divide
the flame.
Although I have described several modes of carrying my invention into practice it
is to be understood that I do not limit myself thereto, as it is obvious that I may
further modify my invention without departing from the nature of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I claim is :-
J. In a lamp having a vapour burner adapted to burn liquid hydrocarbons, the
arrangement of the tubes or passages through which the liquid flows in such a
manner that the same is caused to pass and repass through the heated part of the
burner, whereby the vaporization is effected more perfectly than otherwise, for the
purpose specified.
2. In a lamp having a vapour burner, the employment of an auxiliary burner in
combination with a tongue for preventing the flickering of the principal flame
substantially as described with reference to figures 1 to 4 of the drawings.
3. The modification of my invention substantially as described with reference to
Figures 5 and 6 of the drawings.
4. The modification of my invention substantially as described with reference to
Figures 7, 8 and 9 of the drawings.
5. The modification of my invention wherein the burner is provided with a central
tube substantially as described with reference to Figures 10 and 11 of the drawings
for the purpose specified.
6. The modification of my invention substantially as described with reference to
Figures 12 and 13 of the drawings.
7. The modifications of my invention substantially as described with reference to
Figures 16 and 17, Figure 18, Figures 19 and 20, Figures 21 and 22 and Figures 23
and 24 respectively wherein double tubes are employed for causing the liquid to be
vaporized to pass and repass through the heated part of the burner.
Dated the 20th day of Sept. 1887.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant.
FOOT od 10
narr תחת 65 מ
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant.