Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Buildings by Hot Water.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd Apr., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 28th Dec., 1895-Accepted, 2nd Apr., 1896
PROVIDIUNAL DIBUIT,ICATION
Improvements in Apparatus for Heating Buildings by Hot Water.
ALBERT JOHN CHOPPEN Engineer Great Chesterford do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
An apparatus for heating buildings by hot water in which the following special
advantages are claimed.
1. A complete passage of heated water from boiler to extreme end of pipes
before it can get back to boiler again.
2. A dividing plate in boiler which reduces quantity of water being heated to
a very small quantity. Directly heat is applied this water rises and a current is
established.
SHORT DESCRIPTION OF BOILER AND ITS METHOD OF WORKING.
When heat is applied to the bottom of the boiler, the hot water rises up central
pipe to top of column and flows along pipes (its return down central column into
boiler is stopped by a dividing plate) to side columns. It now descends and Hows
along bottom pipe into central column. Here it goes down on to second or top
boiler and diverging goes through openings at corners. It again gets heated and
again circulates.
The central plate in boiler has an opening left at each corner for the water
to pass down.
A circular hole is cut out and the central.flow pipe is soldered to it.
Four fume pipes are soldered through the boiler to let heat pass from boiler
into a hot air chamber.
.
This hot air chamber is a case which fits round central column.
It is made same as a long box without either end the height and width from
front to back are the same; it is made in two pieces with holes cut out so that the
The case is of sheet
flow and return pipes come through where it is cut away.
iron and the joinings would be on each side, therefore each side would have four
semicircular pieces cut out of it corresponding to the four pipes and the two sides
could then be bolted together and a top in one piece made to fit on.
This case has a collar fitted in it near the top so that a ventilating pipe may be
fixed to it and carried out of the building.
The plate in central column is a sheet soldered in central column and round
flow pipe in middle of same column.
The most important point in the invention is that it is impossible for there to be
any circulation in the boiler itself.
The heated water rises in the central flow pipe but cannot return down central
column because it is stopped by dividing plate or sheet soldered round this pipe
and to central column, its place in boiler is taken by water from bottom or return
pipe which flows into central column below dividing plate.
By this means the whole of the water in the apparatus is in motion.
Dated this 25th day of June 1895.
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page_text: ALBERT JOHN CHOPPEN Agricultural Engineer Great Chesterford Essex, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained, in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for heating buildings by hot
water.
These improvements are threefold ;
Firstly. An improved boiler, the main feature of which is, that by means of a
central plate, only a very small quantity of water is exposed to the heating source,
and a current of heated water is at once sent circulating round the heating 1
apparatus.
Secondly. An improved method of keeping down the smell arising from the
lamp, which consists of an inverted perforated cap placed over the fume
pipe, and,
..
Thirdly. An increased heating surface, effected by means of vertical air tubes 1
running centrally within hot water pipes.
The detailed description with reference to the drawings is as follows:-
U is a circular galvanized sheet-iron plate blocked up to dome shape with a
circular hole in centre of the top. This plate forms the upper outside plate of
boiler. Into the hole mentioned is soldered an upright pipe K.
P is another galvanized dome having a hole in centre into which is soldered,
pipe R. This forms the upright flow-pipe..
:
:.
2
The dome P contains six holes which are placed near its lower edge. (as shewn
in plan below). This forms the central plate of boiler. It is this plate which
forms the important feature in this part of the invention... By its means, a small 2
amount of water is exposed to the heating source; its upward curve assists the
flow; and it forms a dividing partition between the flow and return.
The dome P is then soldered into dome U one inch from the lower edge of
dome U.
A sheet iron collar Q is then soldered outside this pipe R at its upper end, the a
outside rim of collar being soldered to the inside of pipe K leaving the top of
pipe R open, and so delivers the flow horizontally in each direction through
pipes D.
H is a copper dome plate with a hole in centre into which is soldered a tube D.
This forms the fume-pipe from gas or lamp stove. It passes centrally inside 3
pipe R: A sheet iron collar is also fitted round the outside of fume pipe D
(not soldered) and its outer rim soldered to the inside of pipe K 4" from the
upper end of pipe K. This collar forms the bottom of steam chamber S, the
outer wall of this chamber being formed by upper part of pipe K. This chamber
receives all the fumes which are driven up fume pipe, this pipe being surrounded 4
by water. A loose perforated cap T is placed over the fume pipe D and standing
in the water.
The steam generated in the chamber condenses the fumes, which are then
thrown down in the water.
O is an upright stand pipe standing at the same height as pipe K.
Soldered into it and running between these upright pipes K and O are pipes D
and E. Pipe D forms the flow and E the return. V is a circular plate soldered
in the inside of pipe O.
Z are vertical pipes of brass soldered into underside of D and into upper side
of E, and again running centrally through these are brass tubes G which are
soldered to the upper side of pipe D and to lower side of pipe E. These last
4

page_text: form the hot air pipes mentioned in the general description of the invention.
They are open to the atmosphere above and below, the air in the pipes being
warmed by the hot water around contained in pipes Z.
O forms the outside of the column and is a galvanized pipe, V forming a circular
soldered partition, the upper part of the pipe thus forming the supply cistern, and
the lower part of pipe forming the leg, on which is soldered a dome plate to form
the foot.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim to be novel and original is
A. The central plate P, dome shaped, convex above and concave below and
containing holes near lower edge, enabling only a layer of water to be heated
at once, the holes admitting the return water to the heating space.
B. The perforated cap T, which is cylindrical, closed at one end and its upper
half is punctured with fine holes. Inside this cap the fumes from the lamp mix
with the steam.
C. The vertical air pipes which are placed centrally within the vertical hot-air
pipes.