MENTS IN VENTILATING APPARATUS
Year: 1884

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
I, EDWARD GREGSON BANNER, of No 11 Billiter Square, in the City of London,
Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN VENTILATING APPARATUS" to be as follows -
This invention relates to improvements in ventilating apparatus and more
particularly to cowls or ventilators of the kinds shown and described in the
specifications of Letters Patent granted to me October 5th A.D. 1874 N° 8400 and
November 2 A.D. 1877 N° 4088.
In the specification N° 8400 A.D 1874 above mentioned a form of revolving
cowl is shown and described wherein the revolving portion of the cowl is supported
in a socket at the upper end of and partially within a vertical tube attached to or
corámunicating with the place to be ventilated, or it may be placed at the top of a
chimney. To prevent rain dust or dift passing down the cylindrical passage between
the socket and that portion of the cowl which revolves within it, a rain guard is
provided. With this arrangement however it has been found that when wind is
blowing strongly through the trumpet mouth of the bowl an induced air current
is in some cases sucked in or caused to descend through the above mentioned
cylindrical passage or rain guard and is afterwards drawn upwards through the
revolving portion of the cowl, thereby impairing its exhausting power.
With the view of obviating this disadvantage a circular chamber or vessel has
been arranged Hear the top of the socket and beneath the rain guard in which
liquid has bash paced, a circular flange projecting from the underside of the rain
guard (or the rain guard itself) entering the liquid and thus cutting off free air
communication with the exterior of the cowl or ventilator at this point. Such an
arrangement is shown and described in the specification N° 4083 A D. 1877 above
mentioned. It has however been found that an air current may be induced
sufficiently powerful to force or draw sealing liquid out of the containing vessel
and into the vertical tube thereby again opening the air communication and
impairing the exhausting power of the cowl or ventilator.
The object of one part of my present invention is to remedy this defect which as
above-mentioned usually obtains in revolving cowls or ventilators. For this
purpose I provide a chamber, vessel or compartment at or near the top of the
socket or vertical fixed portion of the cowl and beneath a rain guard attached to
its revolving portion the said rain guard being provided with a projecting rim or

page_text: flange or itself depending more or less into the above mentioned chamber vessel or
compartment. For the purpose of closing the air communication with the interior
of the cow! I provide a closure in the form of a short tube annular curtain or broad
ring of suitable flexible material such as leather or india-rubber, one of its ends or
edges being securely fixed either to the socket or fixed portion or to the movable
portion of the cowl, its other end or edge being free to act as a flap valve and be
drawn by the exhausting power of the cowl or pressed by the external air into
close contact with that adjacent portion of the cowl to which it is not fixed. The
flexible material may be arranged in various ways to effect the object of my
invention, thus it may be fixed to the inner or outer surface of the stationary part
of the cowl or its attached chamber and its free end be drawn or pressed into
contact either with the rain guard or its projecting rim or flange, or the said
flexible material may be secured either to the rain guard or to its projecting rim,
its free end or edge in this case being drawn or pressed into close contact with the
interior or exterior surfaces or surface of the chamber secured to the socket or fixed
portion of the cowl. By the means described the objectionable induced air current
usually produced at the joint between the fixed and movable parts of revolving
cowls is entirely prevented while the arrangement admits of the cowl freely
revolving to take up the proper position for its efficient working.
To entirely prevent down draught I employ a flap valve of talc or other suitable
material placed at the top or end of the ventilating shaft or at the end of the inner
cylinder of the cowl or ventilator leading therefrom.
Cowls or ventilators according to my invention may be circular or of any desired
shape to suit different styles of architecture, meshes or grids being employed at any
necessary parts, to prevent the entrance of birds or leaves thereto.
To produce a powerful induced upward current in apparatus of the kind herein-
before described I may employ a metal cone and gas or other burner of the kind
described in the before mentioned specification N° 4088 A D 1877 placed at a point
in the ventilating shaft at a point below the cowl or ventilator.
For the purpose of disinfecting vitiated air drawn from street sewers, house
drains or soil pipes by cowls or ventilators, I may use a disinfecting chamber
constructed as follows:-
The ventilating shaft or pipe is enlarged at one portion of its length to such an
extent as to compensate in area for the room taken up by the disinfecting medium
which is placed preferably on copper wires, or sheets of perforated copper. The
said disinfecting medium may be either asbestos, slag-wool, coke or other spongy.
or absorbent, substance, upon which a regulated quantity of disinfecting fluid is
allowed to flow through a pipe from a receptacle placed in any convenient position,
the connection between the ventilating pipe and that through which the disinfecting
fluid flows being made air tight in any convenient manner.
300

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION;
I, EDWARD GREGSON BANNER, of Nº 11 Billitér Square In the City of London, .
Sanitary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN VENTILATING APPARATUS," and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-.
This invention relates to improvements in ventilating apparatus and more
particularly to cowls or ventilators of the kinds shown and described in the
specifications of Letters Patent granted to me October 5th A.D. 1874 N° 3400
and November 2 A.D. 1877 N° 4083.
In the specification N° 3400 A.D. 1874 above mentioned a form of revolving
cowl is shown and described wherein the revolving portion of the cowl is
supported in a socket at the upper end of and partially within a vertical tube
attached to or communicating with the place to be ventilated or it may be placed
at the top of a chimney. To prevent rain, dust or dirt passing down the
cylindrical passage between the socket and that portion of the cowl which revolves
within it a rain guard is provided. With this arrangement however it has been
found that when wind is blowing strongly through the trumpet mouth of the cowl
an induced air current is in some cases sucked in or caused to descend through
the above-mentioned cylindrical passage or rain guard and is afterwards drawn
upwards through the revolving portion of the cowl thereby impairing ita
exhausting power.
With the view of obviating this disadvantage a circular chamber or vessel has
been arranged near the, top of the socket and beneath the. rain guard in which
liquid has been placed, a circular curtain projecting from the underside of the rain
guard, or the rain guard itself, entering the liquid and thus cutting off free air
communication with the exterior of the cowl or ventilator at this point-Such an
arrangement is shown and described in the specification N° 4088 A.D: 1877 above
mentioned. It has however been found that an air current may be induced
sufficiently powerful to force or draw the sealing liquid out of the containing
vessel and into the vertical tube thereby again opening the air communication and
impairing the exhausting power of the cowl or ventilator.
The object of my present invention is to remedy this defect which as above.
mentioned usually obtains in revolving cowls or ventilators. For this purpose I
provide a chambar, vessel, or compartment, hereinafter called a chamber, at or near
the top of the socket or vertical fixed portion of the cowl and beneath a rain
guard attached to its revolving portion, the said rain guard being provided with a
projecting part I will call a curtain, or itself depending more or less into the above
mentioned chamber. For the purpose of closing the air communication with the
interior of the cowl I provide an annular flexible valve or closure in the form of a
short tube or broad ring of suitable flexible material such as cloth, leather, or
india rubber, one and of which is secured either to the socket ar fixed portion or
to the movable portion of the cowl, its other end being free to act as a flap valve
and be drawn by the exhausting power of the cowl or pressed by the external air
or in some cases by the weight of the revolving portion of the cowl, into close
contact with that adiacent portion of the cowl to which it is not fixed. . The

page_text: flexible material may be arranged in various ways to effect the object of my
invention Thus it may be fixed to the inner or outer surface of the stationary
part of the cowl or its attached chamber and its free end be drawn or pressed into
contact either with the rain guard or its projecting curtain, or the said flexible
material may be sequred either to the rain guard or to its projecting curtain, ita
free end or edge in this case being drawn or pressed into close contact with the
interior or exterior surfaces or surface of the chamber secured to the socket or
fixed portion of the cowl. By the means described the objectionable induced air
current usually produced at the joint between the fixed and moveable parts of
revolving cowls is entirely prevented while the arrangement admits of the cowl
freely revolving to take up the proper position for its efficient working.
Cowls or ventilators according to my invention may be circular on of any
desired shape to suit different styles of architecture, meshes or grids being
employed at any necessary parts, to prevent the entrance of birds or leaves
thereto.
•
To produce a powerful induced upward current in apparatus of the kind
hereinbefore described I may employ a metal cone and gas or other burner of
the kind described in the before-mentioned specification No 4083 A.D. 1877. placed
at a point in the ventilating shaft below-the cowl or ventilator.
-
For the purpose of disinfecting vitiated air drawn from street sewers, house
drains or soil pipes by cowls or ventilators I may use a disinfecting chamber
constructed as follows:-The ventilating shaft or pipe-is enlarged at one portion of
its length to such an extent as to compensate in area for the room taken up by the
disinfecting medium which is placed preferably on copper wires or sheets of
perforated copper. The said disinfecting medium may be either asbestos, slag
wool, coke, or other spongy or absorbent substance upon which a regulated
quantity of disinfecting fluid is allowed to flow through a pipe from a receptacle
placed in any convenient position, the connection between the ventilating pipe and
that through which the disinfecting fluid flows being made air tight in any
convenient manner.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings Fig 1 is a vertical section of a
revolving cowl embodying my invention. Figs 2 and 3 are sectional views
of portions of revolving cowls drawn. to an enlarged scale and illustrating
modifications in the arrangement of the flexible valve or closure.
a is the revolving portion of the cowl and 6 the vertical fixed portion thereof.
c is an annular chamber surrounding the upper end of the fixed portion & and dis
a rain guard attached to the revolving portion a. is a curtain secured to the
rain guard, and extending into the chamber c. f is an annular flexible valve or
closure in the form of a short tube, of any suitable flexible material such as cloth,
leather or india-rubber. In the example shown in Fig 1 the upper end of the
Bexible valve or closure is securely fixed to the curtain or rim e its lower end or
part being free to be caused by the exhausting action of the cowl and pressure of
the external air to assume close contact with the inner wall of the chamber a In
the example shown in Fig 2 one end of the flexible valve or closure f¹ is secured
to the outer wall of the chamber its other end being pressed into close contact
with the under surface of the rain guard by the weight of the revolving portion
of the cowl; the exhausting power of the cowl will also aid in keeping the flexible
valve or closure in close contact with the rain guard. Instead of being fixed
to the chamber o and pressed into close contact with the rain guard das just
described it inay be fixed to the rain guard and drawn into close contact with the
outer wall of the chamber o by the action due to the exhausting effect of the cowl,
Atf Fig 2 is shown another method of arranging the flexible valve or closure one
end of which in this example is fixed to the revolving portion a whilst its other
end is free to be pressed into close contact with the inner wall of the chamber a
Or both arrangements shownolly fif' and f³ may be used together: In Fig 8 the
one end of the flexible valve or glosure f is fixed to the curtain whilst its other
end is forced against the bottom, or the inher wall of the chamber by the weight

page_text: of the revolving portion of the cowl. g (Fig 1) is a gas or other burner that may
be employed to produce a powerful induced upward current when required.⚫ g¹ is
a metal cylinder serving as a reservoir of heat. Fig 4 is a vertical section of a
portion of a ventilating shaft or pipe provided with means for disinfecting vitiated
air. is the shaft or pipe enlarged at h¹ and provided with copper wires or with
a perforated copper sheet i on which is placed a disinfecting medium j such as
asbestos, slag wool, coke, or other spongy or absorbent substanice. Upon the
disinfecting medium ja regulated quantity of disinfecting fluid is allowed to flow
from a pipe k which is in communication with a receptacle for such fluid. k¹ is a
deep syphon trap serving to prevent the passage of vitiated air through the pipe k
when the supply of disinfecting liquid in the receptacle is exhausted or at other
times.
In the modification shown in Fig 5, a perforated pipe m open at its ends is
employed. This pipe is provided with a perforated cap n which is surrounded
with a disinfecting or deodorising medium such as charcoal which will disinfect
vitiated air on its passage therethrough.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
Providing in ventilating apparatus such as hereinabove referred to a flexible
valve or closure arranged and operating substantially as hereinbefore described for
the purpose set forth.
Dated this 17th day of July 1885.
EDW. G. BANNER.
W. Lloyd Wise, .
46, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W.C.,
Applicant's Agent.