IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTORS WORKED BY AIR, GAS, STEAM OR OTHER FLUID PRESSURE OR EXPLOSIVE HVORDA ATRO ה TAYזמIn An BADSTV
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Marie Capell Rector of Passenham, Northampton,
Clerk in Holy Orders for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTORS
WORKED BY AIR, GAS, STEAM OR OTHER FLUID PRESSURE OR EXPLOSIVE
HVORDA ATRO
ה TAYזמIn
G
DITIO MAD
DATA
An
BADSTVA TET & MAD
ז
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Marie Capell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th February 1883.
GEORGE MARIE CAPELL Rector of Passenham, Northampton, Clerk in Holy
Orders "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTORS WORKED BY AIR, GAS STEAM OR OTHER
FLUID PRESSURE OR EXPLOSIVE MIXTURE ALSO APPLICABLE AS A PUMP FOR
RAISING OR FORCING WATER AND AS A TURBINE FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF
POWER
"3
This Invention has for its object Improvements in Motors worked by Air Gas,
steam or other fluid pressure or explosive mixture also applicable as a pump for
raising or forcing water and as a turbine for the transmission of power. The
construction of apparatus for effecting these various objects is on the principle of
my former Patent number 3130 A.D. 1882 where the fan consists of a cylinder or
barrel provided with or working between side frames through the centre of which
passes and is keyed the axle or spindle around which it rotates.
The Cylinder is provided with external blades and also others dipping to the
centre from the interior of said Cylinder. The wings or blades are of a curve
approaching or nearly so that of the Cylinder although in some forms for cheapness
they may be made straight The spaces between the inner and outer sets of blades
that is to say the Cylinder or drum, has apertures or ports of an area equal or nearly
so to that of the entry to lead the water or other fluid when used as a pump turbine
or water motor to the rear or front of the outer blades
In the application as a turbine or motor, I find that the Inlet need not necessarily
be of the same area as that of the cylinder and as applied to the exhaustion of air
but when used as a motor the inlet is advantageously small In some cases the
--

page_text: inner fan or set of blades are separate from the outer ones but capable of adjustment
radially to determine the comparative areas of ports and inlet.
According to another modification the two sets may be free and work inde-
pendently of each other in the same or in opposite directions by means of suitable
gearing for the purpose.
In the application of the aforesaid principles to motors worked by expansive
fluids or by explosive mixtures for example gas and air in their relative proportions
they are admitted to the interior or inlet chamber or valve
Around this axis I fix a boss having suitable openings or ports which at certain
points of the revolution of the motor come opposite spaces in the revolving portion
in which the steam or other pressure enters or in a gas engine where the explosion
may advantageously take place.
Instead of the inner sets of wings as before described they are spaces and what
was space is metal or other material or a metal casing with a water circulation the
power is from thence directed through the ports against the concave portion of the
outer wings or blades, thus rotating at a very great velocity with considerable
power The outer blades or wings may be separate from the inner ports but
secured thereto by such means as to be capable of adjustment in order to lessen or
increase the area of the ports
In some cases the outer blades may be reversed and caused-to-revolve in an
opposite direction to the inner chambers-In its application in a similar form as a
Gas Engine and as regards the admission of air and Gas in their relative proportions
therein so many ways and means have been devised for effecting this object that
any suitable method may be adepted in combination with such constructions of
motors as herein described the charge being ignited by a Gas flame in the usual
manner but at the side or in an explosion chamber or Chambers

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said George Marie Capell in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
18th August 1883.
GEORGE MARIE CAPELL Rector of Passenham, Northampton, Clerk in Holy
Orders. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MOTORS WORKED BY AIR, GAS, STEAM OR OTHER
FLUID PRESSURE OR EXPLOSIVE MIXTURE ALSO APPLICABLE AS A PUMP FOR
RAISING OR FORCING WATER AND AS A TURBINE FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF
POWER
"
This invention has for its object improvements in motors worked by air gas
steam or other fluid pressure or explosive mixture also applicable as a pump for.
raising or forcing water and as a turbine for the transmission of power.
The construction of apparatus for effecting these various objects is on the principle
of my former Patent No 3130 AD 1882 where the fan consisting of a cylinder or
barrel provided with or working between side frames through the centre of which
passes and is keyed the axle or spindle around which it rotates.
The cylinder is provided with external blades and also others dipping to the
centre from the interior of said cylinder. The wings or blades are of a curve
approaching or nearly so that of the cylinder although in some forms for cheapness
they may be made straight. The spaces between the inner and outer sets of blades
(that is to say the cylinder or drum) has apertures or ports of an area equal or
nearly so to that of the entry to lead the water or other fluid when used as a pump
turbine or water motor to the rear or front of the outer blades.
In the application as a turbine or motor I find that the inlet need not
necessarily be of the same area as that of the cylinder and as applied to the
exhaustion of air, but when used as a motor the inlet is advantageously small.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation and Figure 2 a part cross section, a. a. are the
outer wings, b. b. the inner ones and mounted on the cylinder or drum c. d. d. are
the port holes therein, f is the casing and g the outlet. The inlet pipe e is shown
with an opening on the one side only-but it will be understood that the inlet can
be effected in other ways. Figure 3 is a method of gearing vertically.
In some cases the inner fan or set of blades b is separate from the outer ones a. a.
but capable of adjustment radially to determine the comparative areas of ports and
inlets as shown at Figure 4. In this Figure I have shewn a screw k projecting
outwards and terminating in a square head by the turning of which the outer
blades are released for adjustment and then tightened up before starting again; or
they may revolve in opposite directions as shown at Figure 5; the two sets a and b
may be free and work independently of each other in the same or in opposite
directions by means of suitable gearing or they may be connected or coupled by.
gearing or otherwise so that the power exerted by each may be transmitted to one
shaft.
Figure 6 shows in section a vortex turbine to which the same letters of reference
apply.
Figure 7 is an elevation partly in section of a turbine in which the inlet pipe e
admits the column of water to the underside of the motor thereby compensating
for the weight of water or downward pressure thereof whereby the friction is
considerably lessened, and consequently better results obtained in every respect.
A convenient manner of effecting the regulation of the area of the ports, is by
the means shown in Figure 8 in which an annular internally toothed wheel g is
connected to the outer set of blades. Into this gears a spur pinion h, pivotted to
the internal set of blades or ports. The latter or intermediate wheel gears with a

page_text: wheelf on the axis to which a band wheel i is attached, for rotating the said wheel
and consequently a slight movement of the outer set of blades, according to the
desired area of ports, which, when determined, is locked either by a set screw, pin,
or a ratchet and pawl
In the application of the aforesaid principles to motors worked by air, gas, steam,
or other expansive fluids, they are admitted to the interior or inlet chamber or
valve w Figure 9, only one aperture need be employed and the inlet may revolve
with the outer portion a whilst the intermediate drum or cylinder Y is stationary
or revolving in the opposite direction. Or the inlet or inlets may be stationary as
-desired:
:
The inlet w also shown at Figure 9a consists of a boss or rotatory valve having
suitable openings or ports which at certain points of the revolution of the motor
come opposite spaces or ports in the revolving or stationary portion or portions in
which the steam or other pressure enters, or in a gas engine where the explosion
may advantageously take place.
Instead of the inner set of wings as before described they may be described as
-spaces and spaces metal, or other material, or they may be a metal casing with a
water or air circulation, worked by the centrifugal action of the motor; The
power is from thence directed through the ports against the concave-portion of
the outer wings or blades thus rotating at a very great velocity with considerable
power.
In its application in a similar form as a gas engine, and as regards the admission
of air and gas in their relative proportions, therein so many ways and means have
been devised for effecting this object, that any suitable method may be adopted in
combination with such construction of motors as herein described, the charge being
-ignited by a gas flame in the usual manner but at the slide or in an explosion
chamber.
Figure 10 is one modification of a means of effecting ignition and exhaust.
The air and gas in their relative proportions are admitted or exhausted into the
fan and by the cam 6 the explosion is effected through the slide a of the usual
construction. Simultaneously with the explosion the link c opens the throttle or
exhaust d Instead of a throttle it may be by a spring bearing on a conical
valve.
In Figure 11 the air cylinder a and the gas cylinder 6 are in line and their
plungers actuated by a pin c on the axis, working in a slotted link or cross-head d.
e is the ignition slide and the explosion is effected thereby in the chamber f; a
suitable construction of slide is hereafter described. Figure 12 is an end view of
Figure 11.
Figure 13 shows an explosion chamber f with a valve g kept in position by a
spring which is compressed and the valve opened when the explosion. takes place,
or the spring may be on the outside.
Figure 14 is a convenient method of effecting the explosions in such chambers.
The air and gas according to this modification are drawn into the cylinder a on the
one side of the axis by the crank pin a working in the slotted link 61 on the
opposite side is the ignition cylinder b-c is the plunger, c' the port through which
the gas is ignited at one end of the stroke and at the other end the charge is
ignited through the port c¹¹ e is a flexible gas pipe admitting gas to the chamber f
in the plunger c and which effects the explosion. This is ignited at the end of each
stroke by a supplementary burner. as will be seen on reference to the Drawing
thereof.
в
My turbine or air or steam motor may also be applied as a motor for propelling
vessels on the same principle on which turbines have heretofore been employed for
the same purpose.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of my invention and in what
manner the same is advantageously carried into effect I would have it understood
that I lay no claim to the means shown for effecting explosions in the application
of my motor wheel or wheels to gas engines as I only shew them as being suitable

page_text: ways or means in combination for carrying such part of my Invention into effect
But what I do claim is:-
First The construction of rotating wheels, as applied to air, gas, steam, or other
fluid motors, or pumps, and consisting of outer and inner wings mounted on a
cylinder or drum, which latter is provided with apertures, or port holes, as set forth
and illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Second-Constructing the inner blades or wings independently of the outer ones,
but connected advantageously in such a manner as to be capable of adjustment
radially, by any suitable means for the purpose of varying the area of the ports of
air, gas, steam, or other fluid motors, or pumps, as hereinbefore described and
illustrated with reference to the accompanying Drawings.
Third Mounting the outer fan or sets of blades independently of the inner ones
and with the curves of the outer fan or set of blades opposite to the inner so that
in their application for the herein specified purposes these two parts would revolve
in opposite directions and the combined power may be transmitted to one shaft as
herein set forth and illustrated.
Fourth In fans of the herein before described form the construction of
the outer wings of more substance in combination with inner curved spaces
radiating from the centre, substantially as described and illustrated with reference
to Figure 15.
Fifth In the construction of rotatory engines, or motors, the employment of circular
rotatory valves, admitting the expansive fluid at fixed points in the rotation and
diminishing the quantity of fluid passed through the engine and as shown at
Figure 9a.
Sixth-In combination with rotatory gas or explosive mixture motors, of the herein
before described construction, the means described and shown for effecting the
ignition of the charge as shown at Figure 14 of the accompanying Drawings together
with the means for exhausting the air and gas, and delivering same under pressure,
to the explosion chamber, as set forth.
Seventh-In centre feeding turbines of the described construction the revolution
of the inner and outer portions of the turbine in opposite directions, the power of
reaction in the centre fan or turbine being transmitted to the outer portion, from
which the power is imparted to the machinery driven as set forth.
In witness whereof I the said George Marie Capell have hereunto set my hand
and seal this Seventeenth day of August in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty three,
Witness
JAS FREDE PHILLIPS
of the firm of Phillips & Leigh,
Patent Agents
22 Southampton Buildings
W.C.
GM CAPELL (LS.)