IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING UP THREAD AND OTHER FILACEOUS FABRICS
Year: 1867

page_text: Sealed the 4th October 1867, and dated the 9th April 1867.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Augustin Morel at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
9th April 1867.
I, AUGUSTIN MOREL, of the Town of Roubaix, in the Department of the Nord,
in the Empire of France, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WINDING UP THREAD AND OTHER FILACEOUS
FABRICS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in an improved self-acting and continuous method
of winding up or copping all fibrous materials, whether for spinning, doubling,
or twisting. To obtain this result I make use of a tube carrying at its base
a pulley made to receive either a cord or band (or instead of this pulley I use.
friction gearing), this tube carries at its top a reversed flyer which may vary.
in form, on this tube is formed a neck or groove so that it may turn in a.
bearing or plate bolster; I pass my spindle into this tube, the said spindle
carrying an endless screw, the thread of which gears with a toothed wheel
mounted on a shaft extending along the entire length of the spindle bearer

page_text: which permits all the spindles being brought in connection because each
of them carries its endless screw, each of which communicates with the
longitudinal shaft by means of their toothed wheels. These toothed wheels
are only fixed on the shaft by means of two rings, one of which is fixed on
the shaft, and the other moveable, and pressed by a spring, so as to tighten up
the toothed wheel placed between the two, in this manner one toothed wheel
may stop at will without interrupting the working of the others; thus when it is
requisite to tie or piece it is only necessary to stop the flyer when the endless
screw seizes the toothed wheel and prevents it from turning, and consequently
the tying or piecing becomes as easy as possible.
I will now explain how the winding up is effected. When the spindle is
carried along by the tube, which tube may act more or less on the spindle
according to whether it be held long or short, the tension of the cord or strap
causing the spindle to turn acts more or less powerfully in turning it, and
the said spindle finds itself checked by the toothed wheel with which
the endless screw gears, this toothed wheel receiving a movement nearly
equal to that which the spindle would give it if it were driven by it alone,
but as it is driven by a movement independent of the spindle although
at an equal speed, but in such a manner as to be checked at will it follows
that it is only requisite to change one pinion to lessen the speed of the spindle
I obtain this
at will accordingly as it may be desired to wind more or less.
independent driving of the spindle by placing a turn plate on the end
of the cylinder which serves to drive the spindles, this plate giving motion
by friction to a roller bearing against it, which roller communicates its move-
ment to an endless screw driving a toothed wheel in the same manner as
the spindle but at double the speed or thereabout (this is optional); whenever
the desired speed is attained it is only necessary to make the movement of
the spindle correspond with that of the friction roller driven by the turnplate
less what is required for the winding, that is to say, that the speed of the
spindle must be so much less than that of the flyer as will correspond with
the amount of winding up required. To wind up in a regular manner when
it is desired to make conical bobbins or spools, I cause the friction roller to
recede from and re-approach the centre of the turnplate which represents
the proposed spool amplified; this come-and-go movement of the friction
roller on the turnplate is the same as that which raises and lowers the
spindles receiving the motion necessary to the formation of the spools which
it is desired to obtain as in ordinary throstle frames, there being but this
difference, namely, that it is the spindles which rise and lower, whereas in
other methods it is only the spools, and especially in the generality of throstle

page_text: frames. It will be understood that I could equally obtain an increase on the
speed of the spindle, but it would be necessary to give a sharper turn to the
thread of the endless screw of the spindle, and the tying or piecing would become
more difficult because it would be necessary to stop the spindle and the flyer.
It will be understood that by means of this arrangement the spindles all
work together although they may be stopped separately. Another advantage
offered by this arrangement is that it permits the making of threads as
fine and as little twisted as may be desired while making a good spool from
which the thread may unwind in a suitable manner.
This arrangement permits also the making of spools in all the shapes used
in manufacture as shewn by the Numbers 1, 2, and 3 of the front elevation,
shewn Sheet 1 of the accompanying two Sheets of Drawing, forming part of
this my Provisional Specification; No. 1 being a section through the centre of
a spindle surmounted by a wooden reel intended to make a cylindrical spool;
for this shape the friction roller must recede slowly from the centre of the
turnplate, and its movement must be independent of the rise and fall; No. 2,
a spindle surmounted by a flyer closed and hollowed for the passage of the
thread without its being subjected to the air frictions which prejudice the
cohesion of the fibres; this spindle is also surmounted by a paper cop, on
which spools are made conical at both ends; for this sort of spool the move-
ment of the friction roller must be the same as that of the lifting and lowering
of the spindles, but it must also have a slight independent movement, as in the
ordinary throstle frames making conical spools; No. 3, a spindle carrying a
conical wooden cop; when cops of this description are used two movements
are given to the spindles, one short one to form the conical part of the spool,
and the other slow and lengthened to form the length of the spool. The three
spindles U¹, U, U¹, represent a part of a spinning or doubling and twisting
machine making spools conical at both ends on wooden cops, and shows how
the spindles are set up, and in what way they are bound together in their
movements by means of their endless screws and their toothed wheels carried
on a same shaft. The elevation and side view, Sheet 2, shews the arrange-
ment of all the parts contributing to the winding, as well as their relation to
each other.
making the up-and-down movements necessary to the formation of the spools;
B', rod, pierced with holes serving as sockets for the spindles; W, axle of the
toothed wheels gearing with the endless screws of the spindles; E¹, rings fixed

page_text: on the axle W; Eu, moveable rings set on the same axle ; P₁, springs bearing
on E to push the ring E" on the toothed wheel set on the axle W, which
gears with the endless screw of the spindles, and which is in this diagram
bidden by the spindle; T, endless screw; N, toothed wheel working with the
endless screw of the spindle; U, U₁, U', spindles; U, spindle No. 1; (sectional
elevation through the centre); U, spindle No. 2 (sectional elevation) with
closed flyer, making spools on paper cops; V, pulley of the spindles; x, tubes
through which the spindles pass; y, flyers forming part of these latter;
x, fixed plate bolster; O¹, wooden cops, on which the spools are formed;
F", pins passing through the spindles to stop and fix the cops; F¹, dotted
lines, shewing the course of the threads; y¹, reel of spindle No. 1; y", closed
flyer; O, conical wooden cop; O", cop of spindle No. 2.
Sheet 2 shews an elevation seen from the side. A, axle of the cylinder,
driving the spindles; B, cylinder; C, turnplate, set at one end of the cylinder B;
D, friction roller, working with the plate C; E, shaft of the friction roller,
passing and travelling through the endless screw F, which is fixed in bearings
placed on the frame of the machine; G, pinion gearing with the endless
screw F; H, axle of pinion G; I, spare pinion set at the base of the axle H;
J, K, intermediate toothed gearing; L, large toothed wheel; M, axle of this
latter; O, pair of conical toothed wheels drawn in red; N, toothed wheels;
W, axle of toothed wheels working with spindles; P, support fixed on the
spindle bearer; B", spindle bearer; B', socket bar; S, angle iron, fixed to
the spindle bearer, through which the spindles pass and preventing the spindles
rising from their sockets. The same letters indicate the same parts in each of
the Figures respectively.
My Invention is based on the principle of checking the speed of the spindles
or spools to the extent required to obtain a self-acting winding up by means
of endless screws set on the spindles, and of toothed wheels set on a shaft,
which of itself transmits motion to all the spindles, and which receives an
optional motion.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Augustin Morel in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
7th October 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, AUGUSTIN
MOREL, of the Town of Roubaix, in the Department of the Nord, in the Empire 3
of France, Manufacturer, send greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Augustin Morel, Her special licence that I, the said Augustin Morel,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Augustin Morel, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN WINDING UP THREAD AND OTHER FILACEOUS FABRICS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Augustin Morel, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one
of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature
of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Augustin Morel, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of Drawing hereunto
annexed, and forming part of this my Specification, on which are shewn a
side elevation of my machine, a front elevation of the same, and a third
view shewing a flyer drawn full size and fitted with its spring. These
three views indicate the complement of the machine described in my Provisional
Specification
Fig. 1, shews the parts co-operating in the directing movements..of the
friction roller D on the turnplate C, in such a manner that the winding up, or
copping takes place in a regular manner, whether it be on the bare cop set on
the spindle or on the full of the spool; this arrangement also permits the
replacing of the friction roller D on the proper diameter of the plate C at
each commencement of a spool, because it is in connection with the shaft of
the screw (39) by means of the chain (30); when the wheel (40) is made to
turn the chain, (30) acts on the directing movement of the friction roller at
the same time that the up-and-down movement of the spindles replaces itself
in position by means of the screw (39); Fig. 2 indicates the same parts as
well as the arrangement of the spindles and their connection with the flyers,

page_text: and the up-and-down movement of the spindle bearer; Fig. 3 indicates a
flyer drawn full size, in the tube of which flyer is a spring (41) intended to
bring a pressure on the spindle in such a manner, that the working of the
spindle by the flyer shall be more perfect, and not too much hinder the sliding
of the said spindle when it rises and lowers. This arrangement permits the
turning of the fly tube on two parts, and consequently gives less wear and tear,
and affords greater strength.
.
In the several views the same parts are indicated by the same letters, or
the same numbers; B, indicates the main framing; B¹, spindle sockets;
B spindle bearer; S, small angle iron, which keeps the spindle from rising
out of its socket; N, toothed wheels working with the endless screw, placed at
the bottom of the spindle; (36), toothed chain wheel which receives its
motion from the chain (35); (34), toothed wheel which actuates this last;
(38), (32), (31), toothed wheels communicating motion to the chain (35).
G, toothed pinion actuated by the endless screw F, which receives its motion
from the square shaft E which passes through its centre; this square shaft
carries at its end the friction roller D, which frictiou roller receives its
movement from the plate C; (12), support of the endless screw; U, spindle;
(10), guide of the rise and fall; X, X, support of the flyer; V, x, nut or
pulley, and tube of the flyer; Z, cord or strap passing over the pulley, and on
the cylinder B; (40), small wheel set on the end of the screw threaded shaft
(39), which is turned by hand, to replace the carriage as well as the distributor
of movement on the turnplate in order to restore the raising and lowering
movement to the starting point each time that a spool is recommenced;
(29), small toothed chain wheel over which passes the chain (30), serving to
communicate motion to the toothed wheel (28), which toothed wheel
actuates the screw (17) by means of the conical toothed pinion (27), the
said screw conducting a carriage (20) in connection with another small
carriage which is pushed by the carriage (20), and at a given moment gears
into the toothed wheel (29) by means of the small rack (22); (14), friction
roller guided by the boxed heart (13) from which springs the come-and-go
movement of the piece (18), and conducting the friction roller D over all
the diameters of the turn-plate in connection with the necessary decrease in
the speed of the spindle for the winding up or copping; (15), arched slide
in which travels a friction roller set on the small carriage (24), and serving
to advance the said friction roller towards, or retire it from the centre of the
support (16), in order to elongate or shorten the said lever; (1), slide or
slotted piece in which travels the friction roller (21) carried on
carriage (20). It is by the aid of the friction roller (21) that the slide (1)
the

page_text: is carried along drawing with it in its turn the carriage (3) on which it is
fixed, and the carriage in this manner directs the friction roller D by means
of the support (4), (5), (6), and (7); (2), (2), support of the carriage; (8),
guide of the said carriage; (9), slide through which the guide passes. A, axle of
the turn-plate set on the end of the cylinder B serving to communicate motion
to the flyers; (4), main support of the carriage; (25), support of the
arrangement giving the come-and-go motion to the friction roller D;
(38), series of drawing rollers; (42), spindles on which are set the spools of
material to be spun, doubled, or twisted.
Fig. 2. (11), (11), T, pieces fixed to the ends of the lifting and lowering
movement to which they act as guides; (49), (49), chains supporting the
spindle bearer; (48), bar to which the chains (49) are attached; this
bar (48), receives a come-and-go motion, and carries with it the said
chains (49) which pass over the friction rollers (50). These parts co-operate
in the up-and-down movement of the carriage by means of the heart (44),
of the small lever (45), of the small carriage (46), and of the long lever (47).
This arrangement is a known combination and used in ordinary tbrostle
frames, but being combined with the movement which directs the friction
roller D, (Fig. 1) on the plate C they are movements which unite in
producing a more perfect operation in this sense that they permit a regular
and self-acting winding up or copping while giving to the spool any shape
that may be desired; (43), conical toothed pinion actuated by the axle (44)
to set in motion the heart (13), which has a movement in connection with the
heart (44). It is this which permits the winding up or copping in proper
time on the parts of the spool that are of different diameters; W, transversal
shaft of the spindles, and longitudinal shaft of the lifting and lowering
carriage, carrying the friction gearings which serve to regulate the working of
the spindles according to the requirement of the winding up or copping;
(31), spare pinion serving to drive the shaft W; E¹, rings fixed on the
shaft W; E", shifting rings; P1, P1, springs acting on these latter, and on
the toothed wheels N.
I desire it to be well understood that all the parts above described may be
changed or modified to obtain the same result and fulfil the same purpose as
I have in view; therefore I claim the exclusive privelege of a self acting
and continuous method of winding up or copping based upon the combi-
nation and arrangement of several parts new or old. These parts are a
friction roller actuated by a turnplate on which it may travel to obtain
different rates of speed in its working; this friction roller actuates either
directly or indirectly the shaft on which are set toothed friction wheels equal

page_text: in number to the number of spindles it is desired to drive, and which wheels
regulate the speed necessary to the copping or winding up of the thread on
the spindle by means of endless screws. This manner of regulating the
speed of the spindles to effect the winding up or copping, combined with the
manner of forming the spool by the means commonly used in throstle frames
conjointly with the new movement that may be termed the sector, and which
directing the friction roller produces a regular copping or winding up while
making a good spool either for reeling off or for putting in the shuttle of the
weaving loom, for I obtain different rates of speed according to requirement,
precisely as does the mechanism known as the "sector" in self-acting mule
spinning frames. Although this sector is not combined in the same manner
as that employed in the self-acting mule spinning frames it effects an analogous
operation, by giving to the spindle the speed requisite for the winding up or
copping, according to the diameters on which the thread is to place itself while
keeping a regular and optional tension upon it.
To sum up. It will be seen that my Invention rests on the actuating of
the spindles by the flyers by means of friction, and in the regulating of the
winding up or copping by means of endless screws, and toothed friction
wheels, and of a friction roller which travels on the surface of a disc or
turn-plate in order to obtain different rates of speed in its movement according
to the necessities of the work.
In witness whereof, I, the said Augustin Morel, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this First day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
AUGUSTIN MOREL. (L.S.)