IMPROVE- MENTS. IN STOVE GRATES, AND IN APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH FOR ABSORBING AND DIFFUSING HEAT
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Owen, of Rotherham, Iron Founder, and
John Hill, of No. 1, Westfield Terrace, Rotherham, in the County
of York, Manager of an Iron Foundry, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS. IN STOVE GRATES, AND IN APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH FOR
ABSORBING AND DIFFUSING HEAT."
Scaled the 29th April 1873, and dated the 17th February 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Owen and
John Hill at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 17th February 1873.
We, WILLIAM OWEN, of Rotherham, Iron Founder, and John Hill, of
No. 1, Westfield Terrace, Rotherham, in the County of York, Manager
of an Iron Foundry, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVE GRATES, AND IN APPLIANCES CONNECTED THERE-
WITH FOR ABSORBING AND DIFFUSING HEAT," to be as follows:—
This Invention relates to the construction of movable or hinged cast-
iron canopies to stoves, such canopies having fins, gills, or rays cast on
them for absorbing the heat from the fire and thus warming the air

page_text: coming in contact with them externally, whereby the heat becomes
diffused, and is utilized for warming the apartment.
The Invention relates, secondly, to the combination of canopies with
stoves, known as registers or sham registers, and others with gills at the
back and sides, the gills being in a chamber to which cold air has access
through openings to become warmed and then diffused into the
apartment.
When applying our Invention to a stove grate we construct said stove
grate with either a recessed or projecting arch, and with a projecting fire-
basket (said basket having a fire-brick lining), either screwed or hooked
on to said arch, and provided with a cast-iron canopy, having fins, gills,
or rays cast on it, thus absorbing the heat from the fire to warm the air
coming into contact with it externally. This canopy may be either
provided with handles so that it can be lifted off and thus be portable,
or it can be divided across the top and hinged at the sides so as to turn
back out of the way of the fire. Against the front of this cast-iron
canopy is fixed a door hinged or otherwise secured, which when opened
outwards from the fire forms a shelf upon which articles to be heated
can be placed, and when shut encloses the fire above the bars. When
the cast-iron canopy is lifted off or turned back and the hinged door is
opened outwards the top of the fire and the opening in the arch can be
filled in by a cast or wrought iron plate, having a hole or holes for the
purpose of boiling, stewing, or grilling thereon, and the chimney also
can be cleaned when the cast-iron canopy aforesaid is thus lifted off or
turned back. The back of the fire is cast on to the arch and has a
recess receiving a valve or damper, which can be regulated by a rod
passing through the arch or by other means. The back of the fire has
also cast upon it fins, grills, or rays to absorb the heat from the fire
and thus warm the air coming into contact with it externally at the
back of the stove grate. The arch of the stove being cast on to the
back of the fire also absorbs heat from the fire and warms the air
coming into contact with it. Both at the back and at the front of
the stove we form convenient openings in the arch or front to admit
cold air behind the stove grate, which becoming heated as it passes the
back of the stove, passes again into the room through openings in the
upper part of the front or arch of the stove. The back of the stove
being bricked up air-tight to the smoke pipe, leaving an air chamber
between the stove and the said brickwork of about 3 inches, and so

page_text: that no heated air from the back of the stove can pass up the chimney,
but only through the openings in the front or arch of the stove into the
apartment.
A cold air passage from any pure source to the said air chamber can
also be provided, and it is desirable that in the apartment heated a
communicating passage from the upper part of the apartment to a
ventilating shaft fixed outside and enveloping the smoke flue be
provided, though this is not necessary to the proper heating powers of
the said stove grate.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Owen and John Hill in the Great Scal
Patent Office on the 8th August 1873.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
OWEN, of Rotherham, Iron Founder, and JOHN HILL, of No. 1, Westfield
Terrace, Rotherham, in the County of York, Manager of an Iron Foundry,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in the thirty-
sixth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said William Owen and John Hill, Her
special licence that we, the said William Owen and John Hill, 'our
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
William Owen and John Hill, our executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVE GRATES, AND
IN APPLIANCES CONNECTED THEREWITH FOR ABSORBING AND DIFFUSING HEAT,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said William Owen
and John Hill, or one of us, our executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of

page_text: the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed,
and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Owen and John Hill,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawings hereunto annexed, that is to say:
-
5
This Invention relates to the construction and employment of movable 1
or hinged metal canopies for stoves, such canopies having fins, gills, or
rays thereon for absorbing the heat from the fire, the heat warming air
coming into contact therewith or in proximity thereto previous to its
diffusion into the room in which the stove is fitted.
The Invention relates, secondly, to the combination of canopies with 1
stokes, known as registers or sham registers, and others with gills at the
back and sides, the gills being within a chamber to which atmospheric
air has access into and from the chamber for warming the room.
When applying our Invention to a stove grate we construct the stove
grate with either a recessed, a projecting, or a flat arch, and with a 2
projecting fire-basket (of any convenient projection, the basket having
a fire-brick lining), either screwed to or hooked on to the arch. The
grate is provided with a canopy of cast or wrought iron, steel, copper,
brass, or other suitable metal, or mixture or combination of metals,
having fins, gills, or rays upon it (citler externally or internally, or 2
both) in any convenient direction, to absorb the heat from the fire and
to warm the air coming in contact with it externally. This canopy may
be either loose so that it can be lifted off and thus be portable, or it can
be made to slide off, or it can be divided across the top and hinged at
the sides so as to turn back out of the way of the fire. Against the a
front of this canopy may be placed a solid or perforated door, hinged or
otherwise secured, which when opened outwards from the fire forms a
shelf, upon which articles to be heated can be placed, and when shut
encloses the fire above the bars wholly or partially, or the door can if
preferred be taken off and wholly dispensed with. When the binged a
door is taken off, and the canopy is lifted off, or slidden off, or turned
back, the top of the fire, and the opening in the arch can be filled in by

page_text: a cast or a wrought iron plate having one or more holes for the purpose
of boiling, stewing, or grilling thereon, or an oven can be placed over
the fire filling in said opening in the arch. The chimney into which
the products of combustion pass can be cleaned when the canopy
aforesaid is lifted off, or slidden off, or turned back. But if it is founed
in any adopted design that the opening in the canopy is large enough,
and its form is such that the chimney can be cleaned without the
canopy being removed, then the canopy may be either loose as before
described, or may be secured to the body of the stove. The back of the
fire is cast on to the arch, and has a recess receiving a valve or damper,
which can be regulated by a rod passing through the arch, or by other
means. The back of the fire has in most cases cast upon it fins, gills, or
rays to absorb the heat from the fire, and thus warm the air coming in
contact with it externally at the back of the stove grate. The arch of
the stove being cast on to the back of the fire also absorbs heat from the
fire and warms the air coming in contact with it both at the back and
at the front of the stove. We form convenient openings in the arch, or
under the fire, or in the front to admit cold air behind the stove grate,
which becoming heated as it passes the back of the stove passes again
into the room through openings in the upper part of the front or arch of
the stove, the back of the stove being built up with bricks or other
suitable material air-tight to the smoke pipe; or the back of the stove
can be made good with iron plates in a similar way, air-tight to the
smoke pipe, in either case leaving an air chamber between the stove and
the said brickwork or iron plates of about 3 inches or thereabouts, and
so that no heated air from the back of the stove can pass up the
chimney, but only through the openings in the front or arch of the stove
into the apartment.
A cold air passage from any pure source to the air chamber can if
preferred be provided, and this may be in place of or in addition to the
lower perforations in the stove. If required the heated air can also be
conveyed from the chamber at the back of the stove by conducting.
pipes or flues to the top of or any part of the apartment, or to any other
convenient distance for heating purposes.
It is desirable that in the apartment heated a communicating
passage from the upper part of the apartment to a ventilating shaft
fixed outside of and enveloping the smoke flue be provided, or failing
this arrangement that an improved iron chimney ventilator having a

page_text: valve readily adjustable by a string or wire be fixed to the chimney
breast communicating with the smoke fluo about 6 inches or thereabouts
below the ceiling. It is to be understood however that these arrange-
ments are not necessary to the proper heating powers of the said stove
grate.
For the purpose of decoration it is obvious that enamelled or similar
glazed ornamental tiles can be introduced to the front and arch, in any
parts not perforated, fixed in recesses made in said front and arch for
that purpose.
It is obvious also that the stove grate can readily be
provided with an iron hearth plate, forming an ash receiver and fender;
this can either be fixed to the stove or be loose, and in cases where the
cold air supply to the air chamber behind the stove is brought from the
apartment heated, then the hearth plate can be raised on feet or balls
so that the cold air supply can readily pass underneath to the air
chamber. As regards the fire-brick lining of the projecting fire-basket
as described, it is evident that it may be used and is equally applicable
to be placed in existing grates or ranges as a fire contractor or coal
saver. For this purpose it may rest in and be protected by an outer case
of iron having a small bottom grate, and feet or projections to keep it in
the required position when placed.
The gilled canopy as herein-before described in conjunction with the
projecting fire-basket with valve or without valve can also readily be
made in the form of a deputy stove and added to or applied to and fitted
into the arch or fire part of any ordinary stove grate or sham register;
this can either be fastened to the grate or it may be removable to enable
the chimney to be cleaned.
With regard to the arrangement of canopy with or without gills in
conjunction with a damper or valve for checking the draft, it is obvious
that the fire-box may be fixed at a greater projecting distance from the
front, and also that the space intervening between the canopied fire
and the front of the stove may be made applicable for the introduction
of oven, boiler, and hot plate, or either of them.
We wish it to be understood that in order in future to identify all the
combinations of canopies with projecting fire-boxes with valves made up
and applied to stove grates and sham registers or deputy stoves or 3
cooking stoves as aforesaid and described, we adopt the prefixed.

page_text: Figure 16 is a sectional view of a "Thermoson" deputy stove fitted
into the arch or fire part of an ordinary stove grate, the dotted section
lines indicating the form of the.latter.
Having now fully described and indicated the nature of our Invention,
we would in conclusion have it to be understood that we claim,—
Firstly. The construction and employment for the purposes herein
indicated of the portable or hinged canopy having fins, gills, or rays
upon it for absorbing the heat from the fire, and thus warming the air
coming in contact with it externally, the said canopy being fitted and
arranged substantially as herein-before set forth and indicated.
Secondly. We claim the entire combination or combinations of
appliances shown and described when employed for the purposes set forth.
In witness whereof, we, the said William Owen and John Hill,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Sixth day of August,
One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three.