Improvements in Wire Cards for Carding Engines.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Dec., 1892-Accepted; 15th July, 1893
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Wire Cards for Carding Engines.
I, FRANK HUGHES of the Firm of Hughes Eli and Hughes of 76, Chancery
Lane, London, W.C. Patent Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention
(a communication to me by Georges Scrive of Lille, France, Engineer) and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement:—
This invention has for object to form the teeth of the cards with a convex or
sloping back in lieu of the back given hitherto which is just the reverse of that
which I claim under this present invention, further under the hook which exists in
all the ordinary and existing carding teeth I make an enlargement upon the part of
the tooth which is between the said hook and the tissue.
For the purposes of this invention cards which have their teeth from 7 to 13"/m
in total height are specially suitable. These I give a convex or sloping back as
well as an enlargement under the hook. The teeth are placed in suitable tissues
padded from 6 to 9 mm thick for the cards employed in the carding of wools or the
tissues may be superposed with a layer of vulcanised or natural india rubber upon
the surface, or various tissues may be employed from 2 to 4 m thick.
And in order that this invention may be fully understood reference is had to the
accompanying drawings of which
Fig. 1. is a vertical section of riband which is actually made use of in the
carding of wool; the teeth are placed in a padded tissue which may be from 6
to 9" thick.
A. indicates the ply or folds of the superposed tissue B the pad. A and B
together represent the tissue in which the teeth C. D. E. are bedded or placed.
It will be observed that the teeth are bedded or placed in the tissue upon an
incline behind the point C where they enter the tissue as shown. The portion of
the teeth comprised between the letters C. D. is referred to as the back of the tooth,
said portion C. D. is perfectly straight. At the point D. it is formed with an
angle which I call the hook and which causes the tooth to be inclined in front as
shewn by the letters D. E.
Fig. 2. represents on the other hand my invention of the teeth with convex or
sloping backs and enlargement under the hook. The convex or sloping back with
which I form the teeth is as shewn inclined in front of the straight part F. G. The
enlargement G is completely in the wadding. The hook part H. is placed level
with the wadding. The part of the tooth H I is outside the wadding. This
Figure 2 represents exactly the new form of teeth that I make with sloping
backs for the padded tissues with enlargement under the hook for the carding
of wools.
Fig. 3. is a vertical projection in section of a riband made upon several plies
covered with a layer of vulcanized india rubber 2 to 4" thick for combing wools
and having the ordinary ends back and hook as under hitherto and Fig. 4.
represents on the other hand my new kind of teeth with sloping backs, and
enlargement under the hook for combing cards for wool. I would here remark that
the enlargement G is made immediately under the hook H, because in this kind of
tooth the said enlargement G is called upon to prevent the wool penetrating the
lower part of the card and to compel it to rest exclusively in the upper part of the
tooth shewn between the letters H and I.
Fig. 5. represents in sectional vertical projection my new kind of tooth for
the carding of cotton it differs from Fig. 4 particularly in the height of the hook H
which is made much nearer the enlargement G further the inclination H. I of the

page_text: teeth is less than in the ordinary combing cards, that being necessary for properly
carding the cotton of which the fibres are not so hard and shorter than in wool.
The advantages attained by this invention are-
1st. The enlargement which I form in Fig. 2 marked G prevents the tooth
passing under the tissue in the course of its work or its repeated sharpenings.
2nd. Further the enlargement gives great elasticity to the tooth.
3rd. The sloping back forces the tooth to return to its normal position after each
sharpening and prevents the teeth reversing.
4th. The carding is better done.
5th. The enlargement G in Fig. 4 which is immediately under the hook &
thereby filling up the card.
6th. In consequence of the sloping back the elasticity is much greater and the
tooth is maintained in a normal inclined position.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that I wish
it to be understood that I do not claim any particular substance or material or form
of tissue for holding the teeth as aforesaid but what I claim is.
In carding machines the teeth formed with sloping backs, and enlargement under
the hook substantially as and for the purposes herein before described and shewn in
the drawings.
Dated this 10th day of December 1892.
HUGHES, ELI & HUGHES,
76, Chancery Lane, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.