IMPROVE- MENTS IN HOLDERS FOR CUTTING TOOLS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Sagar and Benjamin Sagar, both of Burnley, in
the County of Lancaster, Machine Makers, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN HOLDERS FOR CUTTING TOOLS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Sagar and Ben-
jamin Sagar at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th May
1877.
THOMAS SAGAR and BENJAMIN SAGAR, both of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Makers. "IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR CUTTING TOOLS.".
Our improved holders are applicable to tools for turning, boring, shaping, and
planing iron and other metals or materials.
1
The object of our Invention is to secure the cutting tool firmly, to the holder, and
to facilitate the setting of the tool to the required height and angle.
The cutting tool is made of round, square, or other section of steel, as usual, and
it is secured in a slot passing through the end of the holder by a wedge and a
wedge bolt; the wedge bears against the side of the cutting tool, and it is either
hinged to the holder by a cross pin, or it is made with a shank which is bent over
the top of the holder and there held by a pin. The wedge bolt is drawn end wise
to bind the wedge against the tool by a tightening nut.
A cutting tool may be secured at each end of the holder, with the angles of the
slots for the cutting tools and wedges set in the proper directions for giving a right-
hand cut with one tool and a left-hand cut with the other.
Our Invention consists also in an improved double tool holder in which one wedge
and one wedge bolt are employed for securing two cutting tools; in this arrange-
ment the wedge is placed between the two cutting tools, and the faces of the wedge
bind them both against the inside of the slot..
The wedge bolt may be placed vertically or crosswise, and when it is tightened
up both the cutting tools are securely held in the holder. These double tool holders
can also be made with slots at each end.

page_text: The double holder can be used for a single tool when required, the said tool being
set to cut either to the right hand or to the left; in this case one side of the wedge
binds against the tool and the other against the side of the slot.
The peculiar arrangement of the holders must be varied according to the purpose
for which the cutting tools are required, but in all cases the tools are secured by the
direct action of double wedges.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed
by the said Thomas Sagar and Benjamin Sagar in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 10th November 1877.
THOMAS SAGAR and BENJAMIN SAGAR, both of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster,
Machine Makers. IMPROVEMENTS IN HOLDERS FOR CUTTING TOOLS."
"
Our improved holders are applicable to tools for turning, boring, shaping, and
planing iron and other metals and materials.
The object of our Invention is to secure the cutting tool firmly to the holder, and
to facilitate the setting of the tool to the required height and angle.
The cutting tool is made of round, square, or other section of steel, as usual, and
it is secured in a slot passing through the end of the holder by a wedge and a
wedge bolt, the wedge bearing against the side or edge of the cutting tool.
And in order that our Invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
operation, we will proceed to describe the accompanying Sheet of Drawings.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation, and Fig. 2, a plan of one of our improved tool holders
particularly adapted for a lathe, but which may be used for various other purposes.
a is the holder which, when used in a lathe is secured to the ordinary slide rest;
b is the cutter shewn round, but which may be made square, or of any other section.
The cutter passes through a slot in the holder, and this slot is diagonal, to give the
proper angle to the cutter, which is held in position by the wedge bolt c and
wedge d, both of which pass through the slot in the holder; the wedge d is prevented
falling out of the holder when the cutter is taken out by the cross pin e, which
passes through holes in the holder and through a slot in the wedge, and the wedge
bolt e is moved endwise, to bind the wedge against the cutter by the tightening
nut f. By this arrangement the cutter can.be set to any height, or taken out of and
replaced in the holder with the greatest ease.
Instead of securing the wedge to the holder by the cross pin e, as above described,
the wedge d may be made with a shank d', as shewn in Fig. 3, and this shank is
bent over the top of the holder and there held by the pin e¹; in this case the end
of the wedge bolt c passes through a slot in the bent end of the shank. In some
cases the wedge may be loose in the slot of the holder.
Fig. 4 is a plan of a holder with a cutting tool secured at each end. The angles
of the slots for the cutting tools, wedge bolts, and wedges are or may be set in the
proper directions for giving a right-hand cut with one tool and a left-hand cut with
the other.
Fig. 5 represents part of a tool holder with a square cutting tool b, which is
secured into the holder by a wedge bolt c and wedge d, as shewn in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a side elevation, and Fig. 7 a plan of one of our improved tool holders
with two square cutters.b, b, both of which are secured in the holder by one wedge
bolt c and one wedge d. The face of the wedge is bevelled, and when the wedge.
bolt is tightened both the bevelled edges bind against the edges of the cutting tools
and secure them in the holder.
Fig. 8 represents a plan of a compound tool holder, in which two round cutters b, b,
are secured by one wedge bolt and one wedge, as in the previous Figs. 6 and 7.
These double tool holders can also be made with slots at each end, as shown in
Fig. 4.

page_text: Fig. 9 is a plan, and Fig. 10, a front view of a double tool holder to cut to left.
In this arrangement both the cutting tools b, b, are secured in the slot of the holder a
by one wedge bolt c and one wedge d.
Figs. 11 and 12 are similar views of a double tool holder to cut to right.
Fig. 13 is a side view, and Fig. 14, a plan of one of our improved tool holders, in
which the wedge bolt c is placed crosswise instead of vertically, as in the previous
Figures. This tool is particularly adapted for boring, as it occupies less room
vertically, and it may be used with two cutting tools, as shewn in Fig. 14, or with
one, as shewn in Fig. 1.
The double holders, shewn in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 can be used for a single tool
when required, the said tool being set to cut either to the right hand or to the left;
in this case one side of the wedge binds against the tool and the other against the
side of the slot.
The peculiar arrangement of the holders must be varied according to the purpose
for which the cutting tools are required, but in all cases the tools are secured by the
direct action of two wedges.
Having thus stated the nature of our Invention, and described several modes of
performing the same, we wish it to be understood that the details may be varied
according to the particular purpose for which the tools are required. We claim,
securing the cutting tools in the holders by the sliding action of two wedges, in the
manner shewn and described, or any modification of the same.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Sagar and Benjamin Sagar, have
hereunto set our hands and seals, this Eighth day of November, One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.
THOMAS SAGAR.
(L.S.)
BENJAMIN SAGAR. (L.S.)