Improvements in or relating to Machines for Cutting Chaff.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 13th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 17th Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Machines for Cutting Chaff.
I, SAMUEL EDWARDS of The Glen, Ladywell, Eccles, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as
follows:-
:-
This invention relates to improvements in the chaff cutters commonly known as
the Samuel Edwards Patent Safety Lever Chaff Cutters, but which may also be
applied to other like machines.
In carrying out my invention, in the first place I arrange the teeth upon the feed
rollers in diagonal lines, instead of straight lines in line with the axis, or so that the
back teeth are presented centrally between the teeth of the row in front. The
teeth are curved backwards from the surface of the roller on the side presented
to the feed, and on the other side of the point the teeth are cut off on a line pointing
to the common centre or thereabouts, the object being to give a better grip upon
the material to be drawn forward to the knives.
A second part of my improvements refers to the top-pressure-plate, when such
plates are made adjustable, that is when the angle of the pressure-plate can be
adjusted to suit the nature of the material to be cut.
Hitherto the sides of the pressure plate have formed an obstruction to the feed
of the material, and have caused a choking or blocking of the machine, thereby
causing delay and breakage, and also a waste of power required to drive the
machine owing to friction; I therefore dispense with such projecting parts between
the cheeks of the machine, and carry both rollers the full width of the mouth, and
I form two depending brackets one on each side of the top adjustable pressure plate,
each having a boss through which the shaft of the top roller passes.
These brackets move within a vertical opening or slot formed in the side plate
and front mouth piece made for this purpose.
The front pressure plate can thus swivel or turn upon the shaft of the roller, by
means of an adjusting screw and wheel, or some mechanical equivalent, and I
thus retain the advantage of an adjustable pressure plate, without the friction
hitherto associated with them.
I construct the body of my improved chaff cutters in such form that it can
be fixed upon the frame which supports and carries the sieves or riddles, in such
a manner that the feed box is no higher than an ordinary machine if desired.
Dated the 10th day of April 1893.
ROBT. F. DRURY, C.P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to Machines for Cutting Chaff.
I, SAMUEL EDWARDS of The Glen, Ladywell, Eccles in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
I:
This invention relates to improvements in the chaff cutting machines commonly

page_text: also be applied to other like machines.
These improvements are clearly illustrated in the annexed drawings to which
reference is made in the following Specification.
Fig. 1, is a front elevation of the mouth piece and feed rolls of a chaff cutter.
Fig. 2, side elevation of same.
Fig. 3, front elevation of swivelling mouth piece.
Fig. 4, side elevation of same, with safety roller.
The object of the invention is to leave the full width of the adjustable mouth
free from obstruction which hitherto has not been the case, and also to enable the
upper jaw to swivel, so that the opening can be adjusted to suit different
materials.
In carrying out my invention, in the first place I arrange the teeth A, upon the
feed rollers B, in a diagonal lines instead of in straight lines in line with the axis, or
so that the back teeth are presented centrally between those in front. The teeth
are curved backwards from the surface of the roller on the side presented to the
feed, and on the other side of the point the teeth are cut off on a line drawn through
the centre of the roller or thereabouts, the object being to obtain a better grip upon
the material to be drawn forward to the knives.
'
The next part of my invention refers to the top pressure plate C, (forming the
upper lip of the mouth) when such plates are made adjustable, that is when the
angle of the said pressure plate can be adjusted to suit the nature of the material
to be cut.
Hitherto the sides of the pressure plate have formed an obstruction to the
passage of the material, the part D, being made a part of the inner face of the
cheeks of the mouth piece, and thereby caused a choking or blocking of
the machine, with delay, and sometimes breakage, as well as a waste of driving
power due to increased friction.
In my improved construction I dispense with such fixed projections upon the
cheeks and carry both rollers the full width of the machine mouth, the parts D,
being formed as collars upon the top roller.
I also construct two depending brackets E, preferably by casting one upon each
side of the top adjustable pressure plate C, each terminating with a boss E', through
which the shaft F', of the top roller passes, and by which the said mouth piece or
pressure plate is supported.
These brackets E, have a short rotary movement upon the shaft, within_a
vertical opening or recess made in the side plate G, and front mouth piece H,
constructed for that object.
The top pressure plate C, can thus swivel upon the roller shaft F, and is
operated and adjusted by means of a hand wheel I, and screw or other equivalent
means, and I thus obtain the advantage of an adjustable pressure plate without the
objectional friction hitherto associated with them.
The safety roller J, is carried by the upper end of the top pressure plate, it
serves to prevent the attendant being accidentally caught by the rollers B. The
screw upon which the wheel is fixed, works through the crosshead K, the ends of
the screw acting against the projections or bearings L, from the top pressure
plate.
The parts M, and N, are formed like a comb to pass between the roller teeth A,
and the parts marked O, are the side connecting links.
P, is the lower cross-bar which receives the weight lever Q.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same may be performed or carried into effect,
I declare that what I claim is :-
1. In the solid feed rollers of chaff cutters, the diagonal arrangement of the teeth
when specially constructed as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
2. In a chaff cutter having improved rollers as claimed in Claim 1, and an

page_text: adjustable mouth piece, constructing the top roller B, the full width of the mouth,
the extended ends being in the form of annular collars D, instead of such annular
parts being fixed to the cheeks as heretofore, substantially as hereinbefore described
and shown.
3. In a chaff cutter, a top pressure plate C, constructed with side brackets,
through which the shaft of the upper roller passes and upon which the pressure
plate swivels and is adjusted by means of a hand wheel and a screw or its
equivalent, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
4. In a chaff cutter, constructing an adjustable top pressure plate C, in such a
manner that there shall be no obstruction formed to the passage of material through
the mouth, substantially as hereinbefore described and shown.
Dated the 11th day of January 1894.
ROBT. F. DRURY, C.P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicaut.

page_text: .Date of Application, 13th Apr., 1893
Complete Specification Left, 13th Jan., 1894-Accepted, 10th Mar., 1894
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Sifting or Separating Machines.
I, SAMUEL EDWARDS, of The Glen, Ladywell, Eccles, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in machines or apparatus for sifting or
separating the dust from chaff, or from other materials under operation, in such a
manner as to prevent a nuisance.
In carrying out my invention in connection with a chaff cutting machine for
example, I use a fan conveniently arranged and connected with the chaff cutting
machine so that it will draw the dust away from the cut chaff and cause it to pass
through a chamber, in which is arranged a revolving worm, a series of worms, or
plates, either plain or perforated, or vanes of a fan, the lower parts of which are
immersed in water, in which they dip and emerge as the revolutions take place,
such movement being either continuous or intermittent. Upon the upper or
exposed parts of the revolving worm or like appliance the dust will impinge and
gather, and then be washed off when such parts are submerged, and will then be
deposited on the bottom of the chamber, or be carried off by the running water,
instead of passing into the open air in a dry state, and causing the usual nuisance.
Dated the 10th day of April 1893.
ROBT. F. DRURY, C.P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Sifting or Separating Machines.
I, SAMUEL EDWARDS of The Glen, Ladywell, Eccles in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer do hereby declare. the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to improvements in machines or apparatus for sifting or
separating dust from chaff, or from other materials requiring such separation, or
for the separation of dust, germs or other deleterious floating substances from the
air, and for the disposal of same.
The arrangement of my improvements applied to a chaff cutting machine for
example, is shown in the annexed sheets of drawings, in which:
Fig. 1, is a side elevation of chaff cutter, with the separator and exhaust fan.
Fig. 2. plan of ditto.
Fig. 3. modified construction of washers.
Fig. 4. another modification.
In carrying out my invention in connection with a chaff cutter as shown in the
drawings for example, I fix the machine A, so that the cut chaff falls into an
enclosed chamber B, from which the dust arising from the falling chaff and floating
in the chamber, is drawn by a continuous current of air set up by the action of an
exhaust fan C.
This fan or any other construction of exhausting apparatus is arranged to induce
a current of air to pass from the chaff chamber B, through a water tank D, and
thence to a suitable outlet.

page_text: Within the water tank I arrange one or more worms E, preferably three or four,
but the number would vary according to the capacity of the tank.
These worms are caused to revolve by any suitable means such as a belt from
the shaft of the chaff cutter, to a pulley F, fixed upon the projecting end of one of
the worm shafts, all the worms or their shafts being geared together.
The worms are immersed in water up to their centre line or thereabouts, so that
every part of their surface is covered with water and thereby washed as they
revolve. The upper edge of the worms should just clear the tank cover, and
against the upper exposed part of the worms, the dust and other material carried
forward by the current of air will impinge and gather, and will be washed off as
these parts become submerged.
The wet dust will be deposited at the bottom of the tank, and may be withdrawn
at intervals when the water is run off, by this arrangement the nuisance caused by
such dust being blown into the open air, is avoided.
Instead of the worms E, I may use a series of vanes of any suitable form and
arrangement fixed upon shafts similar to the worm shafts and made to revolve,
such for example as shown in Fig. 3, marked G, the vanes may be placed in line,
or as shown in the drawing. Or I may arrange a number of plates H, Fig. 4, at a
little distance apart, moving vertically in guides I, on the side of the tank D, or made
to oscillate and either perforated or plain as preferred. The plates will be submerged,
and be withdrawn from the water alternately, each plate being a little in advance
of the others, so that an amount of wet surface is constantly presented to the
current. The rising and falling action may be conveniently obtained by means
of a series of cams J, carried by a revolving shaft K, and a pin L, travelling in
the cam-groove M, and connected with the plate H.
My invention may also be adapted to the separating of dust, germs, microbes and
other substances carried in the atmosphere, so as to prevent them entering
buildings with the ventilating currents or otherwise, or to prevent their escape
from hospitals and other infected places, and to accomplish this I should cause the
inlet or outlet or both currents of ventilation to pass through a tank constructed
as before described, or modified to suit the purpose and position, and the liquid
would for some purposes be changed from water to glycerine or other antiseptic.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is or may be carried into effect, I declare
that what I claim is :-
1. A separator or sifting machine, for extracting, sifting or separating, dust
and other floating matter from the air in which a wet surface is alternately
presented to the action of an air current and submerged in water or other liquid
substantially as hereinbefore described.
2. A separator or sifter, for separating dust from chaff, consisting of a tank
containing a quantity of water, and fitted with a number of revolving or partially
revolving worms or vanes, with their upper parts in the air spe and their lower
parts in the liquid, in combination with an exhaust fan or ther exhauster, by
which a current of air is drawn from the chaff chamber and through the air space
of the tank, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated.
3. A separator for extracting dust from chaff consisting of an enclosed tark
partly filled with liquid, through the air space of which a current of air is drawn
from the chaff chamber, and in which moving surfaces are alternately exposed to
the impact of the air current, and then immersed in the liquid, substantially as
hereinbefore described.
Doted the 30th dow of Tan 1001
ROBT. F. DRURY, C.P.A.,
Bank Buildings, George Street, Sheffield, Agent for Applicant.