IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL BUSHES FOR CASKS OR BARRELS.
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Gray and Thomas Biggin, of St. Philip's
Works, Sheffield, in the County of York, Machine Knife Manu-
facturers, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF METAL BUSHES FOR CASKS OR BARRELS.'
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Gray and
Thomas Biggin at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 28th March 1870.
We, WILLIAM GRAY and THOMAS BIGGIN, of St. Philip's Works,
Sheffield, in the County of York, Machine Knife Manufacturers, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF METAL BUSHES FOR CASKS OR BARRELS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention consists in so manufacturing metal bushes for inser-
tion in the openings or holes called "bung holes" of casks or barrels
that they may be fixed and made fast and permanent in such openings,

page_text: and this is accomplished by forming the bushes as shown on the accom-
panying Drawings (or any mere modification thereof).
Figs. 1 and 2 are plans, Fig. 3 a side view, Fig. 4 a section showing
bush as fixed, Fig. 5 a metal punch used for fixing.
The mode of attaching them to the openings of casks or barrels and
similar articles is as follows:-The bush as shown on Drawing is
placed in the opening or hole of a cask or barrel, the rim a being
outward, and the curved lips 6 with the small spikes c attached thereto
inward; the bush is thus placed in the bung, hole the metal punch
d (Fig. 5) is then passed between the lips and struck or driven
through with a hammer, which has the effect of straightening the
curved lips and forcing the small spikes c at the backs of the same into
the wood of the cask or barrel, as shown at Fig. 4, and so permanently
fixing the bush in the opening. These bushes may be manufactured
of malleable cast iron, forged wrought iron, steel, brass, copper, zinc,
tin, or any other mixed or alloyed metal. They can be attached to any
description of barrel or cask with great rapidity and with little trouble
by the most inexperienced workman.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Gray and Thomas Biggin in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 18th August 1870.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
GRAY and THOMAS BIGGIN, of St. Philip's Works, Sheffield, in the
County of York, Knife Manufacturers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 1
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-eighth day of March, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the
thirty-third year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto us, the said William Gray and Thomas Biggin,
Her special licence that we, the said William Gray and Thomas Biggin,
our exccutors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said William Gray and Thomas Biggin, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,

page_text: should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF METAL BUSHES FOR CASKS OR BARRELS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that we, the said William Gray and Thomas Biggin, our exc-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under our, or onc
of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Scal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Gray, on behalf of
myself and the said Thomas Biggin, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
This Invention consists in so manufacturing metal bushes for inser-
tion in the openings or holes called "bung holes" of casks or barrels
that they may be fixed and made fast and permanent in such openings,
and this is accomplished by forming the bushes as shewn in the accom-
panying Drawing (or any mere modification thereof).
Figs. 1 and 2 are plans, Fig. 3 a side view, and Fig. 4 a section
shewing bush as fixed; Fig. 5, a punch used for fixing, and which is
manufactured of hardened steel.
The mode of fixing them in the openings of casks or barrels and
similar articles is as follows:-The bush as shewn on Drawing is placed
in the opening or hole of a cask or barrel, the rim a being outward
and the curved lips b with the small spikes c attached thereto inwards;
the bush is thus placed in the bung hole; the hardened steel punch d
(Fig. 5,) is then passed between the lips 6 and struck or driven through
with a hammer, which has the effect of straightening the curved lips b
and forcing the small spikes c at the back of the same into the wood
of the cask or barrel, as shewn at Fig. 4, and thus permanently fixing
the bush in the opening. These bushes may be manufactured of
malleable cast iron, forged wrought iron, steel, brass, copper, zinc, tin,
or any other mixed or alloyed metal. They can be attached to any
description of barrel or cask with great rapidity and with little trouble
by the most inexperienced workman.

page_text: Having described the nature of our said Invention and the mode of
carrying the same into effect, what we claim and desire to be secured to
us by Letters Patent is, the Invention for "Improvements in the Manu-
facture of Metal Bushes for Casks or Barrels, and the exclusive use of
the hardened steel punch for the fixing of the said bushes, substan-
tially as herein described and as shewn on the accompanying Drawing,
or any mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Gray, on behalf of myself
and the said Thomas Biggin, have hereunto set my hand and scal,
this Fifteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord Onc
thousand cight hundred and seventy.