for the better Economisation of Fuel therein.
Year: 1884

page_text: for the better Economisation of Fuel therein.
I JOSEPH SHAW of 23 Railway Walk, Birkdale, Southport in the County of
Lancaster, Contractor, do hereby declare the nature of my said invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO BOILER AND OTHER FURNACES FOR THE
BETTER ECONOMISATION OF FUEL THEREIN," to be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to supply heated air to the products of combustion
after they have passed the bridge of the furnace of the boiler or other apparatus
whereby such products become more perfectly consumed and thus add to the
heating capacity and economise the fuel employed.
In carrying out my invention I employ fire-clay blocks in which air passages are
formed these blocks partaking by preference of a conical form in cross-section so
as to present little obstruction to the passage of the flame and products of
combustion the air is admitted to these blocks by passages communicating with
the front of. the boiler and the entrance to which is controlled by an adjusting
damper and the air escapes in a heated state from these blocks by outlets which are
either turned down or protected by a deflecting shield designed to prevent the
heated air suddenly rising to the top of the flue-These improved air chamber
blocks are suitable for internal or side flues and also for main flues.
JOHN G. WILSON,
Agent for Applicant.

page_text: for the better Economisation of Fuel therein.
I, JOSEPH SHAW of Railway Walk, Birkdale Southport in the County of
Lancaster, Contractor, do hereby declare the nature of my invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OR APPLICABLE TO BOLLERS AND OTHER FURNACES FOR THE
BETTER ECONOMISATION OF FUEL THEREIN," and in what manner the same is to
be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
The object of this invention is to supply heated air to the products of combustion
before or after they have passed the bridge of the furnace of the boiler or other
apparatus whereby such products become more perfectly consumed and thus add
to the heating capacity and economise the fuel employed.
In carrying out my invention I employ fire clay blocks in which air passages are
formed these blocks partake by preference of a conical form in cross-section, so as
to present little obstruction to the passage of the flame and products of combustion
-the air is admitted to these blocks by passages communicating with the front of
the boiler, and the entrance to which is controlled by an adjusting damper, and the
air escapes in a heated state from these blocks by outlets which are either turned
down protected by a deflecting shield designed to prevent the heated air suddenly
rising to the top of the flue or through a hollow dead plate or hollow fire door.
These improved air chamber blocks are suitable for internal or side flues and also
for main flues.
On the accompanying drawing Fig. 1 represents a side sectional view Fig. 2 an
end view and Fig. 3 a plan of one of my improved fire clay blocks. Fig. 4 is a
front view and Fig. 5 a plan of another form of my improved fire clay block and
Fig. 6 is a cross section of part of Fig. 4 viz: across the line a-b.
Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of a steam boiler having my improvements
applied thereto and shewing the heated air delivered to the furnace through the
hollow fire door and Figs. 8 and 9 are inside views and plans respectively of the
furnace door.
Fig. 10 illustrates the same steam boiler but shewing the heated air delivered
through the hollow dead plate.
In Figs. 1, 2 and 3 the fire clay block consists of five separate pieces, a, b, o, d'
and e, so formed for facility of construction and ease of introduction into the flue.
Through each of these pieces the continuous passage f is formed and the whole set
are cemented and dowelled together as seen more clearly in fig. 1. The fireclay
block illustrated by Figs. 4 and 5 is formed in two pieces cemented and dowelled
together and likewise having a continuous passage formed through it in the
direction of the dotted lines seen in Fig. 4.
In applying my invention to a steam boiler as seen in Fig. 7 I place two or more
of these hollow fireclay blocks indicated by the letters A and B in the main
flue B-the blocks being fixed either longitudinally or cross-wise in the flues as
may be most convenient. These blocks A and B are connected together by 3 inch

page_text: iron pipes C and receive a supply of cold air by preference from the front of the
boiler through the inlet pipe D. Block A is located a little behind the bridge
whilst block B is near the end of the internal flue. The air passing through these
blocks becomes highly heated, say to a temperature of above 600° Fahrenheit and
in this state is delivered to a hollow dead plate E as seen in Fig. 10 and from
thence into the furnace or the same may be admitted into the hollow fire door F
and from thence may escape through the slit F¹ into the furnace. The advantage
of delivering the air at this heat is, that it tends to a more complete combustion of
the fuel than could otherwise be obtained. The apparatus is so arranged that the
supply of heated air continues even whilst the furnace door is open and thus
the entrance of cold air is obviated and injury to the inside plates is effectually
prevented.
Smoke Consuming:-This is carried out by placing two or more sets of blocks H
and I (which are of the same description as seen separately in Figs. 4 and 5) in the
flame-bed G under the boiler. The air being supplied cold to these blocks through
the inlet pipe J and connecting pipe K becomes also highly heated but instead of
being delivered into the furnace it is delivered through holes or perforations in
the blocks right on to the smoke as it passes through the flame-bed thereby utterly
consuming the gasses and assisting combustion.
In boilers where the flames enter the side flues before entering the flame-bed
the hot air is brought from the flame-bed and made to meet the flames on their
entering the side flues. The action of these fireclay blocks is as follows:-The
flame and products of combustion from the furnace on the way to the chimney are
caused to impinge on the blocks and thus to heat the blocks to a high temperature,
This heat is again imparted to the air passing through such blocks and which air
escapes in a highly heated state into the furnace or flues as before stated.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this my said
invention together with the best methods with which I am acquainted for carrying
the same into practical effect, I declare that what I claim is
1st The general construction and arrangement of hollow fireclay block sub-
stantially as and for the purposes herein before described.
2nd The use and application to the flues of steam boiler and other furnaces of
my improved hollow fireclay blocks for the better economisation of fuel and
consumption of smoke therein-substantially as herein before described.
Dated this 7th dow of Santambor 19OK