Improvements in Spigot and Faucet Joints for Light Iron or Steel Tubes.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 29th June, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 6th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 8th Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spigot and Faucet Joints for Light Iron or
Steel Tubes.
JOHN WOTHERSPOON of the Clyde Tube Works Coatbridge in the County of
Lanark North Britain Iron Tube Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
Hitherto this class of joint has not been made capable of standing the extreme
pressures to which this light class of tube is capable of working under. By the
present improvements this can now be accomplished quickly and cheaply, no
packing being required in the joint other than the lead or composition taking the
place of it.
One end of the wrought iron or steel tube has formed on it a faucet, whose
surface externally and internally is capable of comprising various forms and
configurations. The surface of the faucet for example may constitute a series of
shoulders or corrugations each one of which increasing outwardly in circumferential
area; or in lieu of corrugations the faucet which is longer than that ordinarily
employed may constitute a conical surface terminating outwardly with a bulge or
shoulder of a diameter large enough to admit of the insertion of the spigot end of
the pipe which is also furnished with one or more corrugated surfaces, and
correspondingly formed conical surfaces.
The spigot being inserted into the faucet the required distance lead or other
composition (no extra packing being required) is run into the interstices formed
by the faucet and spigot. When after the usual upsetting the joint is completed,
the construction of the faucet prevents the lead forming the joint being pushed
out of it by the pressure, and the construction of the spigot prevents the spigot
end of the tube from being withdrawn or pushed out through the lead by the
pressure; these making a joint which is capable of withstanding pressures
approximating to the pressures the tube itself is capable of standing.
As an alternative method applicable to that class of tubes as described, namely,
light tubes in which the locking of the joint does not depend on the lead or other
material; the corrugations in the faucet, and in the spigot are arranged at intervals
round the circumference-the circumference being divided into four equal parts or
nearly so. The alternate divisions being corrugated when the joint is being made
the corrugations on the spigot is inserted past the corrugations on the faucet and
by turning the spigot one quarter turn the corrugations of the spigot are locked
by the corrugations in the faucet, and cannot be withdrawn until turned to its
original position.
Dated this 27th day of June 1892.
D. DRYSDALE AUSTIN,
Applicant's Agent.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Spigot and Faucet Joints for Light Iron or
Steel Tubes.
JOHN WOTHERSPOON of the Clyde Tube Worka Coatbridge in the County of
Lanark North Britain, Iron Tube Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
Hitherto this class of joint has not been made capable of standing the extreme

page_text: pressures to which this light class of tube is capable of working under. By the
present improvements this can now be accomplished quickly and cheaply, no
packing being required in the joint other than the lead or composition taking the
place of it.
One end of the wrought iron or steel tube has formed on it a faucet, whose
surface externally and internally is capable of comprising various forms and con-
figurations. The surface of the faucet for instance may constitute a series of
shoulders or corrugations, each one of which increasing outwardly in circumferential
area. Or in lieu of corrugations the faucet which is longer than that ordinarily
employed may constitute a conical surface terminating outwardly with a bulge or
shoulder of a diameter large enough to admit of the insertion of the spigot end
of the pipe which is also furnished with one or more corrugated surfaces, and
correspondingly formed conical surfaces.
The spigot being inserted into the faucet the required distance lead or other
composition (no other packing being required) is run into the interstices formed
between the faucet and spigot. When after the usual upsetting the joint is com-
pleted, the construction of the faucet prevents the lead forming the joint being
pushed out of it by the pressure, and the construction of the spigot prevents the
spigot end of the tube from being withdrawn or pushed out through the lead by
the pressure, thus making a joint which is capable of withstanding pressures,
approximating to the pressures the tube itself is capable of standing.
As an alternative method applicable to that class of tubes as described, namely
light tubes in which the locking of the joint does not depend on the lead or other
material the corrugations in the faucet and in the spigot are arranged at intervals
round the circumference the circumference being divided into four equal parts or
nearly so. The alternate divisions being corrugated when the joint is being made,
the corrugations on the spigot is inserted past the corrugations on the faucet and
by turning the spigot one quarter turn the corrugations of the spigot are locked
by the corrugations in the faucet and cannot be withdrawn until turned to its
original position. In order that my said invention may be readily understood and
easily carried into effect I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the
annexed drawings-
Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, are longitudinal sections, shewing my improvements
in spigot and faucet joints, and Figures 7 and 8 are respectively cross sections
taken on the line X. Y. Figures 5 and 6, as herein after more fully referred to.
The surface both internally and externally of the faucet A, as represented in
Figure 1, it will be observed, is formed with two corrugations a and a', a having a
larger circumferential area than a', and terminating in the short cylindrical length a³,
which provides a seat for the reception of a hoop (which is shrunk in position)
in order to withstand the upsetting. The spigot end of the tube B differs only
from those now in use, in that, it is constructed, with a well defined shoulder,
semicircular bulge, or corrugation C, which fits against, though it does not coincide
with, the corrugated hollow a' of the faucet. When the spigot, and faucet are in
position as constituting the joint as shewn in Fig. 1 it will be seen that an irregular
hollow D, is formed round the spigot end of the tube B. Into this hollow D, lead
or other composition d is run, and the usual upsetting can then be effected.
Instead of the corrugations a and a¹, as in Fig. 1 the faucet in Fig. 2 is of the
ovate conoidal form A', while the spigot B' is precisely the same as that shewn in
Fig. 1. The hollow D¹ formed by the aforesaid faucet and spigot in the last
mentioned construction of joint is more regularly defined as illustrated in Figure 2.
In Figure 3 both faucet and spigot have conical surfaces, these surfaces being
represented by the letters A' and B', A' forming a bed or seat for B³, which are
both respectively truncated cones. The termination as outwardly of the conical
surface of the faucet A is turned in thereby strengthening it against the strain
which is occasioned by the operation of upsetting, and constituting a hollow D³,
which offers great resistance to withdrawal and internal pressure or other forces
-exerted upon it. Figure 4 illustrates a joint which enters into combination of all

page_text: of the foregoing arrangements, that is to say that the faucet A of this joint has
both conical and corrugated surfaces. The terminal or outward portion of the
faucet A instead of being turned inwards for the purpose stated as in Figure 3, is
further constructed with a bell mouth a. Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a modified
construction of spigot and faucet joints to those already described with reference
to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4. It is here explained that the joints described as afore-
said and illustrated in these last mentioned figures required lead or other composition
to hold them rigidly in position, whereas by the special or novel construction of the
joints as shewn in Figures 5, 6, 7, and 8,-and now to be described-the locking of
the joints does not depend upon the lead or composition for the uniting of a length
or a series of lengths of pipes in the position it is intended it or they shall occupy,
this being accomplished as follows:
Instead of forming the corrugations or conical surfaces entirely round the spigot
and faucet ends of the tubes, these I form only at intervals, and at opposite sides
seen more particularly in cross-section Figures 6, and 7.
The corrugations on the spigot end of the tube do not coincide with those on
the faucet, but when the joint is being made the spigot is placed within the faucet
at the point where the corrugations are immediately opposite, where the cylindrical
spaces in the faucet occur, and is pushed home beyond the line of corrugations on
the faucet, when the spigot is turned one quarter revolution until the corrugations
of both spigot and faucet coincide, thereby effecting the locking of the joint.
Though I have shewn and described the spigot and faucet as divided into two
corrugations and spaces only, it is to be understood, that three or more may be
arranged along their ends.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim
in my improved spigot and faucet joint is :-
"The corrugation in the spigots of the tube, the partial corrugations in the
faucets and the spigot of the tube, to produce a lock joint independent of the lead
or other composition, and the combination of same to produce my improved spigot
and faucet joint, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the
annexed drawings."
Dated this 10th day of August 1892.
D. DRYSDALE AUSTIN,
Applicant's Agent.