IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MOULDING, FORMING, OR SHAPING ARTICLES OF IRON AND OTHER MALLEABLE METALS, AND FOR SHEARING OR CUTTING IRON AND OTHER METALS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Matthew Dodds, of Bedburn Iron Works, in the
Parish of Hamsterley, in the County of Durham, Edge Tool Manu-
facturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MOULDING,
FORMING, OR SHAPING ARTICLES OF IRON AND OTHER MALLEABLE METALS, AND
FOR SHEARING OR CUTTING IRON AND OTHER METALS."
Sealed the 7th February 1861, and dated the 8th August 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Matthew Dodds at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
8th August 1860.
I, MATTHEW DODDS, of Bedburn Iron Works, in the Parish of Hamsterley,
in the County of Durham, Edge Tool Manufacturer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MOULDING,
FORMING, OR SHAPING ARTICLES OF IRON, AND OTHER MALLEABLE METALS, AND FOR
SHEARING OR CUTTING IRON AND OTHER METALS," to be as follows:-
My said Invention of improvements in machinery for moulding, forming, or
shaping such articles as aforesaid, consists of modes of constructing machinery
by means of which swages or moulds are applied in the manufacture of articles
of iron and other malleable metals for the purpose of moulding, forming, or
shaping such articles.
In the manufacture of many descriptions of articles made of iron or other

page_text: metals, as aforesaid, the intended forms or shapes are given to them by means
of swages or moulds with the aid of hammering or some similar mechanical
force or action. In order to make such articles as aforesaid, of the intended
forms or shapes, I cause the material of which they may be intended to be
made to be subjected to the action of swages or or moulds by means of rolling
pressure, for the purpose of causing such swages or moulds to act more
expeditiously, and effectually, in producing the desired operation upon the
materials.
In one description of machinery constructed according to my Invention, a
pair of swages or moulds is mounted or fixed upon a pair of rollers, so that
each of the swages or moulds shall act in conjunction upon a piece of metal
placed between the swages or moulds as they are brought into action or caused
to act upon the piece of metal by the revolution or partial revolution of the
rollers, and thus mould or fashion the piece of metal into an article of the
intended form or shape. A succession of swages or moulds may in this way
be caused to operate upon a piece of metal, so that by a succession of operations
the metal may be reduced, moulded, or fashioned into the intended form or
shape.
The rollers are mounted or fixed upon axes which have spur- wheels fixed
upon their ends, the teeth of such wheels taking into each other, in order to
cause the rollers to revolve together. When I do not require a complete
revolution of the rollers, I am enabled to give them reciprocating motions by
means of two cranks of different lengths or throws, and a connecting rod, the
longer crank (that with the longer arm) being mounted or fixed upon the end
of the axle. of one of the rollers, so that the complete revolution of the smaller
crank will by means of the connecting rod cause the larger crank, and the
roller with which it is connected, to make only a partial revolution, and then
return to the position from which it started.
one
In another description of machinery constructed according to my Invention,
of a pair of swages or moulds is fixed upon a roller, and the other swage
or mould is fixed in such a position that the swage or mould upon the roller
may pass over it when the roller revolves, so that each of the swages or moulds
may act in conjunction upon a piece of metal placed between them when the
roller is caused to revolve, and with the swage or mould upon it pass over and
press upon the piece of metal. In this way a piece of metal may be moulded
or fashioned into the required shape or form (according to circumstances)
either by one action of a pair of swages or moulds, or by a succession of
operations, by means of several pairs of swages or moulds. In machinery of
this description, I cause the roller to roll over the fixed swage or mould. by

page_text: means of a spur wheel or pinion fixed upon the end of the axle of the roller,
the teeth of which wheel or pinion take into a fixed toothed rack. The bearings
of the roller axle are mounted in sliding pieces or pieces moveable upon trucks
or otherwise; along straight slots, bars, or surfaces, so that when the pieces
holding the bearings of the roller axle are moved along such straight slots,
bars, or surfaces, the roller will roll over the fixed swage or mould, as before
mentioned.
Machinery for shearing or cutting iron constructed according to my Invention
consist of a horizontal cutter fixed in a horizontal position with its edge up-
wards, so that a circular cutter may act in conjunction with it for the purpose
of shearing or cutting a sheet or piece of metal laid upon the horizontal cutter.
I mount the axle of the circular cutter in bearings in sliding pieces, which
move along within slots or otherwise, so as to be capable of being moved
horizontally backwards and forwards in such a manner as to cause the edge
or cutting part of the circular cutter and the edge of the horizontal cutter to
act in conjunction when the circular cutter is caused to roll round. I fix a
spur wheel or pinion upon one end of the axle of the circular cutter, the teeth
of which wheel or pinion take into the teeth of a fixed rack, so that when the
sliding pieces carrying the bearings of the circular cutter are moved along, the
circular cutter will be caused to roll round and act in conjunction with the
horizontal cutter.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent
filed by the said Matthew Dodds in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 7th February 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MATTHEW:
DODDS, of Bedburn Iron Works, in the Parish of Hamsterley, in the County.
of Durham, Edge Tool Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters.
Patent, bearing date the Eighth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs. and, successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Matthew Dodds, Her special licence that I, the said Matthew
Dodds, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Matthew Dodds, my executors, administrators, and assigns; should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make,

page_text: use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE
MENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MOULDING, FORMING, OR SHAPING ARTICLES OF IRON AND
OTHER MALLEABLE METALS, AND FOR SHEARING OR CUTTING IRON AND OTHER
METALS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Matthew
Dodds, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my
or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and
ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the
date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Matthew Dodds, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
My said Invention of improvements in machinery for moulding, forming, or
shaping' such articles as aforesaid, consists of modes of constructing machinery
by means of which swages or moulds are applied in the manufacture of articles
of iron and other malleable metals, for the purpose of moulding, forming, or
shaping such articles.
In the manufacture of many descriptions of articles made of iron or other
metals, as aforesaid, the intended forms. or shapes are given to them by means
of swages or moulds with the aid of hammering, or some similar mechanical force
or action. In order to make such articles as aforesaid of the intended forms or
shapes, I cause the material of which they may be intended to be made to be
subjected to the action of swages or moulds by means of rolling pressure, for
the purpose of causing such swages or moulds to act more expeditiously, and
effectually in producing the desired operation upon the materials.
'In one description of machinery constructed according to my Invention a
pair of swages or moulds is mounted or fixed upon a pair of rollers, so that
each of the swages or moulds shall act in conjunction upon a piece of metal
placed between the swages or moulds, as they are brought into action or
caused to act upon the piece of metal by the revolution or partial revolution of
the rollers, and thus mould or fashion the piece of metal into an article of the
intended form or shape. A succession of swages or moulds may in this way
be caused to operate upon a piece of metal, so that by a succession of opera-
tions the metal may be reduced, moulded, or fashioned into the intended form
or shape: The rollers are mounted or fixed upon axes, which have spur
wheels fixed upon their ends, the teeth of such wheels taking into each other

page_text: in order to cause the rollers to revolve together, and in such a way, as to
cause the two swages or moulds on 'the rollers (when two swages or moulds'
are used) to act in conjunction upon a piece of metal operated upon. When"
I do not require a complete revolution of the rollers in order to produce the
intended action of the swages or moulds upon them, I am enabled to give
them reciprocating motions by means of two cranks of different lengths or
throws and a connecting rod, the longer crank (that with the longer arm)'
being mounted or fixed upon the end of the axle of one of the rollers, so that'
the complete revolution of the smaller crank will by means of the connecting
rod cause the longer crank and the roller with which it is connected to make'
only a partial revolution, and then return to the position from which it started,
and the rollers being connected together in action by spur wheels they by these
means have reciprocating motions given to them simultaneously in opposite
directions.
In another description of machinery constructed according to my Invention
one of a pair of swages or moulds is fixed upon a roller, and the other swage
or mould is fixed in such a position that the swage or mould upon the roller
may pass over it when the roller revolves, and so that each of the swages' or
moulds may act in conjunction upon a piece of metal placed between them,
when the roller is caused to revolve, and with the swage or mould upon it pass
over and press upon the piece of metal. In this way a piece of metal may be
moulded or fashioned into the required shape or form, (according to circum-
stances,) either by one action of a pair of swages or moulds, or by a succession
of operations by means of several pairs of swages or moulds. In'machinery of
this description I cause the roller to roll over the fixed swage or mould. by
means of a spur wheel or pinion fixed upon the end of the axle of the roller,
the teeth of which wheel or pinion take into' it a fixed toothed rack. The
bearings of the roller axle are mounted in sliding pieces, or pieces moveable upon
trucks, or otherwise, along straight slots, bars, or 'surfaces, so that when the
pieces holding the bearings of the roller axle are moved along such straight
slots, bars, or surfaces, the roller with the swage or mould upon it will roll
over the fixed swage or mould, and cause the two swages or moulds to act in
conjunction as before mentioned.
Machinery for shearing or cutting iron constructed according to my Inven
tion consists of a horizontal cutter fixed in a horizontal position with its edge®
upwards, so that a circular 'cutter may act in conjunction with it for the
purpose of shearing or cutting a sheet or piece of metal laid upon the horizon-
tal cutter. I mount the axle of the circular cutter in bearings in' sliding
pieces, which move along within' slots or otherwise, so as to be capable of

page_text: being moved horizontally backwards and forwards in such a manner as to
cause the edge or cutting part of the circular cutter and the edge of the,
horizontal cutter to act in conjunction when the circular cutter is caused to roll
round. I fix a spur wheel or pinion upon one end of the axle of the circular
cutter, the teeth of which wheel or pinion take into the teeth of a fixed rack,
so that when the sliding pieces carrying the bearings of the circular cutter are.
moved along, the circular cutter will be caused to roll round and act in
conjunction with the horizontal cutter."
But that the nature of these improvements may be more fully understood I-
will with the aid of the accompanying Drawing describe the manner
in which machinery, may be constructed for carrying my improvements
into effect.
-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figures 1 and 2 shew two opposite side views; Figure 3 a plan,
and Figure 4 an end view of two machines constructed according to my
Invention. In each of those machines a, a, is the main framing:
In the machine which works with two rollers; b, b, represent a pair of
swages or moulds mounted on a pair of rollers c, c, so as to be capable of
acting in conjunction upon any piece of metal placed between them, and these
rollers c, c, are mounted or fixed upon axes d, d, which have spur wheels e, e,
each of the same size, and furnished with the same number of teeth mounted.
on their ends, so as to gear into each other. When I intend to give partial
revolutions or reciprocating motions to these rollers; I effect that object by
means of a pair of cranks of different lengths or throws, and the longer crank.f
is mounted upon the end of one of the axles d, (as shewn in Figures, 2, 3,
and 4,) so that the complete revolution of, the smaller crank (not shewn in
the Figures), may by means of a rod connecting the two cranks give the desired
partial revolution to the crank f and the rollers c, c. When the rollers are
intended to have complete revolutions I communicate such motion to them by
means of the crankf, and any ordinary machinery for causing the revolution of
the crank.
:
In the machine which works with roller rolling over a stationary swage or
mould, g and h represent a pair of -swages or moulds. The stationary swage
or mould g is fixed firmly to the framing, and the swage or mould h is fixed
upon a roller h', in such manner that when the roller passes over the swage
or mould h will act in conjunction with the stationary swage or mould g, and
press or act upon the material placed between them. Upon the axis h² of the
roller his fixed the pinion or wheel i, the teeth of which take into the teeth

page_text: of the fixed plate g¹ (as shewn in Figures 2 & 3). The axis he is supported
in bearings h³, and those bearings are supported and guided by and slide
in the slots or surfaces j, j, and motion is given to the bearings h³ and thereby
to the axis h², by means of the connecting rods h' attached to the cranks 1, 1,
on the shaft at each side of the machine, the shaft / being operated by a
steam engine or other motive power.
In Figures 5 and 6 I have shewn how machinery for shearing or
cutting iron may be constructed according to my Invention; h³ being
the axis upon which a revolving cutter m is placed, and n the stationary
cutting edge.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and the manner
in which the same may be performed. I would have it understood that I do
not claim any of the mechanical elements or parts of any of the machinery or
apparatus herein described or shewn in the said Drawing as being separate or
apart from the combination and application thereof herein described any part
of my said Invention.
In witness whereof, I, the said Matthew Dodds, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fourth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
0
Witness,
RP. DANVERS WARD, Solicitor,
Bishop Auckland,
Durham.
MATTHEW DODDS. (L.s.)