matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOLLEN YARNS AND IN APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Russell Donisthorpe at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 31st August 1883.
ALFRED RUSSELL DONISTHORPE of Knighton House in the County of Leicester
Spinner "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOLLEN YARNS AND IN
APPARATUS THEREFOR
"
This Invention has for its object improvements in the manufacture of woollen
yarns and in apparatus therefor.
In a certain class of carding engine now well know and commonly used the last
card cylinder is divided into rings of teeth having spaces between so that instead
of one bat or sliver of the same width of the machine being delivered there are a
number of narrow slivers. From this machine the narrow slivers are passed
between two surfaces which are pressed together and made to travel in opposite
directions so as to rub together or felt each narrow sliver and form it into an
unspun thread. These threads are afterwards twisted and drawn into yarn.
For making certain classes of yarn this machine saves much time and labor but
it has the disadvantage that it can only operate on short wool as with long wool
the fibres are apt to get across so as to connect two of the narrow slivers and thus
prevent them from being properly rubbed into thread.
By my invention I make yarn from wool of long staple in the following
manner.
I first pass the wool through an ordinary carding engine and form it into a
sliver. I then cut this sliver transversely into suitable lengths that is lengths
about equal to that of short wool; this I prefer to do by means of a knife or
knives rotated in front of a fixed blade. The sliver as it comes from the carding
engine passes continuously over the fixed blade and is cut by the rotating knife.
The cut wool is next fed to a carding machine of the class above described by
which it is again carded and is in addition rubbed into unspun threads. These
threads are afterwards twisted and drawn on ordinary spinning machinery.
IMPROVEMENT
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Carpenter at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th March 1883.
JAMES CARPENTER of Southampton in the county of Hants
IN DRIVING AND CLUTCH MECHANISM "
"IMPROVEMENTS
This invention is applicable to velocipedes, and also to some machinery but I will
describe it has applied to a velocipede.
I prefer to employ a crank shaft and lever which carries a pedal in the usual
way A connecting rod connects this with the crank, and as the power is generally
conveyed by a pull only upon the rod I place in the strap or equivalent which is
placed round the bearing upon the crank a roller to lessen the friction. The foot
lever is pivotted at or near the centre and to its back end is jointed a rod which
connects with a clutch lever whose boss surrounds the shaft, and whose length is
preferably greater than that of the crank; this clutch lever works backwards and
forwards whilst the crank of course revolves therefore a clutch is required and may
be arranged as follows. Upon the boss of the clutch lever are one or more clutch
jaws and upon the shaft is fixed a recessed disc. In the recess and embracing the
shaft or projecting boss of the disc is a clutch so shaped that space is left between
it and the periphery of the disc-recess for the clutch jaws upon the lever so that as
the lever turns in either direction it carries the clutch round with it. The clutch
could however be made solid or fixed to the lever. In the clutch is a recess or
groove with a curved bottom arranged eccentrically to the periphery of the disc,
and in this groove is a small roller kept pressed forward towards the narrow part
of the groove by a spring. By this means when the lever is turned by pressure
from the back end of the foot lever in one direction it carries the clutch-disc and
shaft round with it; but when turned in the opposite direction it slips freely
past the clutch disc. In a modified form the clutch lever is forked one arm passing
on each side of a circular disc fixed upon the shaft; the eccentric groove is
formed in the lever and the roller placed in it. Or one of the jaws may be
dispensed with, but the pressure is then one sided. The action is the same as
before Sometimes I dispense with the cranks and work with the clutches only
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES FOR 'CONSOLIDATING OR CONDENSING CARDED ASBESTOS FIBRES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Hollings at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 8th March 1883.
-
ALFRED HOLLINGS of Salford in the County of Lancaster. Engineer
"IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR APPLIANCES FOR 'CONSOLIDATING OR CONDENSING
CARDED ASBESTOS FIBRES"
Condensers as at present constructed and operated in the preparation of vegetable
and animal fibres for twisting and spinning are quite unsuited for treating asbestos
fibres after they have been carded or formed into a fleece inasmuch as allowance
has not been made for the non elastic nature of such fibres. The result has been
that carded asbestos, instead of being freely received from the doffer, divided into
slivers, and consolidated or condensed with regularity and precision. has been so
subjected to friction and undue strain that practically no trustworthy consolidation
has been effected and up to the present time no efficient work of the kind named
has been done.
Now the object of my invention is to provide apparatus or appliances whereby
carded asbestos may be consolidated or condensed rapidly regularly and unin-
terruptidly without damage to the fibres or otherwise.
In carrying my invention into practice consolidating or condensing rings or
rollers and aprons are used so constructed arranged and operated together and in
combination with carding machinery of any suitable kind that the asbestos fibres
shall not be subjected to any undue friction during its passage through the
consolidator or condenser,
The asbestos as it leaves the doffers is divided in any usual way and is passed
to rotating grooved rings or rollers, or rollers having alternate projections and
spaces. The said rings or rollers are set in advance of each other and the grooves
or spaces gradually decrease in width from the backmost to the foremost and they
have imparted to them a simple rotary motion or a rotary and lateral motion. The
aprons carried on pullies are caused to travel with their surfaces in contact in the
same direction but when the rollers are only caused to rotate the necessary lateral
motion is imparted to the aprons.
IMPROVED DAMP PROOF AND NON-INFLAMMABLE MATERIAL FOR LINING WALLS, COVERING FLOORS, SHIP-BERTHS, CABINS AND OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Barnes at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th April 1883.
"A NEW OR
JAMES BARNES of Manchester in the County of Lancaster.
IMPROVED DAMP PROOF AND NON-INFLAMMABLE MATERIAL FOR LINING WALLS,
COVERING FLOORS, SHIP-BERTHS, CABINS AND OTHER ANALOGOUS PURPOSES
"
I form a pulp by preference of Papyrus and after passing the same through
rollers I take the sheet so formed and apply a damp resisting composition consisting
of a mixture of tallow cotton seed oil Burgundy pitch tar resin alum and gum
arabic in a boiling state to one surface of the sheet and upon the outer surface of
this composition I apply a sheet of textile fabric-the whole being consolidited
together by being pressed between rollers driven by steam or other power. I thus
produce a material which is damp proof and non-inflammable and suitable for the
purposes herein before indicated
IMPROVEMENTS IN BALANCE GEAR FOR TRICYCLES AND SIMILAR MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Derry at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 31st August 1883.
JOHN DERRY of Aston in the County of Warwick, Tool Maker. "IMPROVEMENTS
IN BALANCE GEAR FOR TRICYCLES AND SIMILAR MACHINES,"
These improvements consist in the arrangement of an endless chain gear working
over four wheels; one of these wheels is fixed to the axle of one of the wheels of
the machine and the other wheel fixed at the end of the axle of the other wheel of
the machine and parallel to the first named wheel; the other two wheels are placed
between the first named two wheels at right angles thereto in order to carry the
endless chain from the one wheel to the other.
When the machine is running in a straight course no action is brought to bear
upon this arrangement of chain gear, but as soon as the steering wheel is turned
out of its straight course, the inner wheel of the machine will as a matter of course
revolve more slowly, and this will act upon the chain passing over the wheel.
attached to its axle and cause it to work over the wheel at right angles to it and
drive the wheel attached to the other axle and thus cause it to increase the speed
of its revolutions which ensures greater safety and reduces the liability of the
machine to overturn.
Another arrangement is to attach two, three or more arms to the treadle axle,
these arms carrying pinions; upon each side of these arms is placed a wheel
revolving loosely upon the treadle axle. Each of these wheels having an endless
chain passing over them and the one working over a fixed wheel upon the axle of
the one wheel of the machine, and the other working over a wheel fixed at the
back of the other wheel of the machine.
These chains carry projections or teeth working into the pinions on the before
named fixed arms; by this arrangement, directly the driving wheel is turned out
of its straight course, the teeth on the chain are brought to bear upon the pinion,
causing it to act upon the other chain and increase the velocity of the wheel of the
machine with which it is connected.
In open fronted machines the axle carrying the fixed chain wheels is placed
towards the back of the machine, and the one chain is carried from one revolving

page_text: wheel on the treadle axle to the back of the wheel of the machine as before, and
the other chain from the other revolving wheel to the fixed wheel on the axle
placed at the back as named.
Another chain passing over a fixed wheel at the other end of this axle and over
a wheel at the back of the other wheel of the machine, causes this wheel to
revolve, and the same motion is given to the chains and pinions as in the last
named arrangement.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUNE BANDS OR MUSIC SHEETS FOR MECHANICAL ORGANS AND OTHER WIND INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alexander James Eli at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th March 1883.
ALEXANDER JAMES ELI, of 89 Farringdon Street, in the City of London,
Publisher, "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TUNE BANDS OR MUSIC
SHEETS FOR MECHANICAL ORGANS AND OTHER WIND INSTRUMENTS."
The objects to be attained by the use of my said invention are, first, to join the
two ends of music sheets by means of locking devices, in order that such music
sheets may be temporarily formed into endless bands, when required for the
purpose of repeating the playing of the tune without the trouble of replacing the
end thereof into the groove or slot; and also to avoid the inconvenience arising
from permanent junction of the two ends of the sheet, and, secondly, to strengthen
music sheets in order to render them more durable and less liable to be torn or
damaged by frequent use.
The means whereby I effect these improvements consist, first, in cutting locking
slots in one end of the music sheet, & corresponding tongues or other provision's
for fitting into such locking slots at the other end. By these, or analogous, means
the two ends of music sheets can be temporarily joined or otherwise fastened or
hooked together, and as readily unfastened, when desirable without damaging the
same. Flaps or lapelles running the whole width of the Tune band are fixed on
each side of and so as to entirely enclose, such temporary junction in order to
prevent the same from catching and becoming damaged when passing through the
instrument; the flaps or lapelles enabling the same to pass smoothly, by protecting
the joint from friction
The tongue which enters the slot has a hole which is useful when the music is
put away out of use. By the use of this tongue and the hole therein a number of
music sheets can be hung up upon a nail or rod without taking up much space,
whereas music sheets which have their ends permanently joined together are liable
to be damaged when placed in store and also occupy a great deal of space. The
tongue is strengthened with linen or cloth to render it durable. When the
junction of the two ends is effected the hole in the tongue is covered by one of

page_text: the flaps or lapelles, thus preventing the same from causing any note to sound
from the position of such hole in the tongue.
I effect the strengthening of the material by glueing or otherwise suitably fixing
to one or both sides of the perforated music sheet, a layer of fine gauze or net;
thus greatly strengthening the material and rendering the same very durable. 5
The fineness of the gauze prevents the same from being an obstruction to the
passage of the wind through the perforations.
My said invention is applicable to music bands or sheets used for Organettes,
and other reed instruments.of a like nature.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS, BLOWERS AND EXHAUSTERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Robert Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th June 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by Denis Emmanuel Farcot of Paris, France, Engineer.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, and Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS,
BLOWERS AND EXHAUSTERS [a communication to him from abroad by Denis
Emmanuel Farcot of Paris, France, Engineer]
"
"
This invention relates to centrifugal or turbine pumps and has for its object to
provide an improved pump applicable to both the forcing and drawing of liquids
and gases. Centrifugal pumps as heretofore constructed are liable to "lose water
very easily as soon as they begin to draw a quantity of air, besides which they
have not raised liquids to a great height very economically especially when the
said liquid held a quantity of solid matter in suspension
According to the said invention the turbine of the pump is provided with two
channels symetrically arranged on each side of the axis upon which the said
turbine rotates. These channels may be curved in the direction of the rotation of
the turbine in case the water has to be drawn from a great depth, or the said
channels may be curved in a contrary or other suitable direction
This improved turbine is formed of a simple cylindrical drum closed on both
sides by two plates between which the said channels are located; in consequence
of the circular form of this drum, the water is prevented from receding whilst the
turbine is being rotated. This turbine revolves between two circular plates joined
together by a circular wall. The said turbine is thus enclosed in a chamber the
sectional area of which is large enough to allow foreign bodies to be carried
through it
The sectional area of the outlet of the pump is the same size as that of the side
aperture of the turbine and the said channels have also the same sectional area, s0
that all foreign bodies which may enter the aperture of the turbine are enabled to
pass through the pump without difficulty
The liquid drawn by the turbine is compressed in an annular chamber in
consequence of the small section of the outlet in the wall of the pump; in this
manner a maximum of compression is obtained in this chamber. The speed of the

page_text: flow of water through the outlet is half that of the water in the channels, conse-
quently the liquid is compressed in such a manner that the pressure is equally
distributed upon the walls of the pipes. The resistance to the rotation of a pump
is thus reduced to a minimum,
Ventilators may be provided with the same improvements and made of cast or
sheet iron or copper.
If required, four outlet pipes may be arranged perpendicularly in pumps and
ventilato
A NEW OR IMPROVED METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR OPERATING THE VALVES OF RECIPROCATING " STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th March 1883. A communication
to him from abroad by John Pell Northey, of Toronto, in the Dominion of
Canada,
°
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex, "A NEW OR IMPROVED
METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR OPERATING THE VALVES OF RECIPROCATING
"
STEAM ENGINES," A communication to me from abroad by John Pell Northey,
of Toronto, in the Dominion of Canada
The invention relates more particularly to improvements in reciprocating piston
steam engines and the object of the invention is to operate the main cylinder
valve by the steam it admits into the cylinder without the intervention of any
mechanical contrivance and it consists of a reciprocating piston engine having a
cylinder provided with ordinary steam ports extending from each end of the
cylinder to the valve face of its steam chest, two auxiliary steam ports being
similarly located but at such points that one or the other is opened at the ter-
nination of each stroke of the piston so that the steam which has propelled the
piston is re-admitted into the steam chest behind the valve, thereby forcing the
valve over to the opposite side of the steam chest and opening the previously closed
main port
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PULLEYS AND WHEELS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Leese Watchurst at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd September 1883.
CHARLES LEESE WATCHURST of Lee in the County of Kent Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF PULLEYS AND WHEELS."
This Invention relates to the construction of pulleys or wheels for driving
machinery and for other purposes whether such pulleys or wheels be made in
halves or whole or partly spring open.
For this purpose in carrying out my improvements I make the rim of wrought
iron or steel in two parts or halves (or it may be constructed as a whole or made
to open in one place only as is usual in constructing this class of pulleys and
wheels, the boss being made of cast iron in two parts or halves or in one piece
according as the rim is made of two or one pieces The buss and the rim are
connected together as hereinafter described by rings which are cast into or otherwise
fastened onto the boss and rivetted or bolted to the rim.
One part of my improvements consists in forming the connection between the
boss and rim of the pulley (whether inade in halves or whole or to spring open)
of one or more series of rings according to the size of the pulley the part of the
periphery of the inner series of such rings which is placed innermost being cast or
otherwise fastened onto the boss and the outermost portion of the periphery of the
outer series of such rings having a projection which is rivetted or otherwise secured
to the rim of the pulley. The rings are made so as to touch or overlap each other
and are fastened together at those points by rivets bolts or clamps.
The rings may be made of wrought iron steel or other metal and may be formed
so that the broad part of the periphery shall stand at right angles to the plane of
the ring or the broad part of the periphery may lie in the plane of the ring. In
this latter case the ring will resemble a plate with a hole cut out of it and then
I prefer to make an annular projection round the edge of such hole so that when
two such rings overlap the periphery of such rings shall touch on the projections
and give support to each other in the plane of the pulley.
These rings may be circular oval or any other requisite shape.
The two parts of the rim and boss when placed on a shaft are securely bolted
together

page_text: The rim may be made so as to be convex on its outside which may be done
either by spinning or by bulging whilst it is being rolled or in any other approved
manner.
If greater strength is required two or more sets of these rings (whether
containing one or more series of rings) may be placed side by side between the
boss and the rim,
IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING ROADS AND WAYS WITH WOOD STONE AND OTHER MATERIALS
Year: 1883

page_text: "
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Rowley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th March 1883.
JOHN ROWLEY of 27 Glengarry Boad Dulwich Grove in the County of Surrey,
IMPROVEMENTS IN PAVING ROADS AND WAYS WITH WOOD STONE AND OTHER
MATERIALS
"
This invention relates to improved methods of paving roads and ways with
blocks of wood stone concrete and other suitable materials.
For this purpose according to my improvements I first prepare the foundation of
& road or way with concrete or other suitable materials as is well understood.
Upon this foundation I place beams or bearers of wood metal or other suitable
materials transversely of the road or way. the ends of the beams being securely
fixed together by dogs stays or otherwise so as to convert the beams into a rigid
framework laid upon the foundation of the road or way.
The upper edge of each beam or bearer is formed with a rib which serves to
separate the blocks and thus form transverse grooves between the paving blocks
when laid which can be filled in with gravel or other suitable materials.
The wood paving blocks may either be of square or rectangular form or they
may be in the form of a T in which case the vertical part descends between the
bearers the horizontal or side portions resting on the bearers. Or the T shaped
blocks may consist of two blocks combined. But I find it most advantageous to
use blocks of rectangular form of wood granite concrete or other materials which
have simply to be laid between the ribs on the bearers with a strip of wood or
other material placed between them to form longitudinal grooves to be filled
in with gravel or other suitable materials.
The spaces between the bearers under the blocks can be filled in with concrete
gravel or other suitable materials.
The paving blocks may be pinned or otherwise fixed together and to the bearers
if desired
'
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING RAGS, WOOL, COTTON AND OTHER FIBRE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Illingworth at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 28th May 1883.
JOHN ILLINGWORTH of Whitelee Batley in the County of York, Flock
Manufacturer-" IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING
RAGS, WOOL, COTTON AND OTHER FIBRE."
This Invention has reference to the means and method to be employed in drying
rags, cotton, wool or other fibres.
The apparatus I employ for this purpose consists of a tubular boiler or other
form of vessel or chamber capable of holding steam at a given pressure.
Within &
flue formed in the said boiler or chamber (and kept at a suitable heat by steam or
other heating medium) is mounted a cage or drum, caused to revolve by suitable
gearing. Within the cage or drum is a series of division bars or steps so that
when the cage is revolving, the rags or other material therein, will be carried
partially around, until the division bars get higher than the centre of the drum's
axle, when the rags or fibre will fall back into the bottom of the drum, whereby
the rags or fibre are being constantly agitated.
An exhaust fan is employed in connection with the heated chamber, so as to
form a vacuum therein, and draw away the moisture as it leaves the rags or fibre
A NEW METHOD OF PRODUCING ICE-FLOWER-LIKE FIGURES ON GLASS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Carl Pieper, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, resident
at 109/110 Gneisenau Strasse, Berlin, S.W., Prussia. for an Invention of
A NEW METHOD OF PRODUCING ICE-FLOWER-LIKE FIGURES ON GLASS &
communication to him from the firm of "Dunkel und Compagnie" at
Herzogenrath near Aachen, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Carl Pieper at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 17th September 1883.
"
CARL PIEPER, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent resident at 109/110 Gneisenau
Strasse Berlin S.W. Prussia.
" A NEW METHOD OF PRODUCING ICE-FLOWER-LIKE
FIGURES ON GLASS; a communication to me from the firm of "Dunkel und
Compagnie at Herzogenrath near Aachen, Kingdom of Prussia, German-
Empire
"
The object of this Invention is to produce on the surface of glass irregular orna-
mental figures having a certain resemblance to the ice or frost flowers frequently
occuring in winter on windows.
When a layer of a suitable glutinous substance is brought in liquid state on glass
and thereupon completely dried, it will crack and warp, and at the same time, on
account of its strong adhesion to the glass, detach particles from the surface of the
same so as to produce shallow indentations having the character stated.
For the purpose of carrying out the invention, common glue gelatine, gum
arabic or other like substance is dissolved in water to a mucilaginous liquid, which
is thereupon spread out on the glass and allowed to dry slowly for about 24 hours.
Hereafter the glass thus prepared is exposed to a moderate heat, for instance in a
drying chamber or in the neighbourhood of a stove. When the coat of glutinous
substance has become sufficiently dessicated it will fly off in flakes together with
pieces of the glass, and bring about the desired result.
Any kind of glass may be used in the process. The surface of the glass may
be dimmed by grinding before the application of the adhesive coating, in order to
set off more effectually the ornamental indentations.

page_text: Having thus described the nature and object of this invention and the manner
in which it is to be carried out in practice I hereby claim as new and essential
feature of the same:-
The method of producing irregular ornamental figures on glass by spreading out
thereon a layer of a suitable glutinous substance adhering to the glass and adapted
to become hard by dessication, such as glue or gum-arabic; by drying the same at
first slowly and hereafter exposing it to a moderate heat, as and for the purpose
described.
In Witness whereof I, the said Carl Pieper have hereunto set my hand
seal this fifteenth day of September in the year of our Lord One thousand eight
hundred and eighty three.
AN IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR UTILISING ROPE DRIVING IN MACHINES OR COUNTERSHAFTS, SO AS TO BE READILY SECURED THERETO, OR DISENGAGED AT WILL
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Holgate at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 21st March 1883.
FREDERICK HOLGATE of Burnley in the County of Lancaster Millwright and
Engineer. "AN IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS FOR UTILISING ROPE DRIVING
IN MACHINES OR COUNTERSHAFTS, SO AS TO BE READILY SECURED THERETO, OR
DISENGAGED AT WILL"
My Invention relates more particularly to those machines or countershafts, in
which fast and loose pulleys are ordinarily used, and consists in substituting a
V grooved or other suitable pulley to give bite or adhesion to the rope, The said
pulley being loosely mounted on the counter or driving shaft of the machine and
is capable of being thrown in or out of contact with a friction or other suitable
Clutch so as to be readily secured thereto or disengaged at will, a handle being
provided for the purpose
AN IMPROVEMENT IN ROTARY STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Sant at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 6th November 1883.
JOHN SANT of Marsh Street, Newcastle under Lyme in the County of Stafford
Mechanic "AN IMPROVEMENT IN ROTARY STEAM ENGINES"
The object of the invention is to simplify the construction and increase the
efficiency of rotary steam engines.
The cylinder is of a drum shape it is closed at the ends and contains within it a
concentric cylindrical block. This block is in two parts each cast together with a
portion of the cylinder. The shaft of the engine passes concentrically through the
block
A piston is able to travel around in the annular space between the walls of the
cylinder and the block. This piston is permanently fastened on the edge of a disc.
keyed on the shaft and revolves with the shaft.
The disc bas packing rings which fit in grooves in the ends of the two parts of
the divided block and the rings are supplied with springs to make them tight.
The piston has metallic packing on its rubbing edges, which fit to the cylinder.
There is a valve box on the top of the cylinder with a sliding valve. The valve
moves in a radial direction onto and from the cylinder, which it fits in such
manner that when it has advanced to the full extent and its lower edge is in
contact with the central block the steam in the annular space is not able to pass
from one side of the valve to the other. The steam presses through the valve into
the cylinder and drives the piston round say th of the cylinder and then escapes
by an outlet. The remaining 1, is covered by the motion of the fly wheel.
The valve is lifted by an eccentric motion connected with the shaft and valve
spindle.
th
One or more pistons can be applied to the same disc.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CULINARY UTENSILS, BREWING AND EVAPORATING PANS, AND SIMILAR VESSELS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Philip Rudolf Björling at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th May 1883.
PHILIP RUDOLF BJÖRLING, of Heath Town near Wolverhampton in the
County of Stafford, Engineer,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CULINARY UTENSILS, BREWING
AND EVAPORATING PANS, AND SIMILAR VESSELS
5
The chief object of this invention is to increase the heating surface of the bottom
of the culinary utensils and other vessels named in the title, but there are also
secondary objects attained in certain cases by the employment of the invention as
will be presently explained
According to this invention the bottom of the culinary utensils and other vessels,
aforesaid, whether such utensils and vessels are made of cast or of sheet metal, are
corrugated, the corrugations being either in concentric circles, ovals, or rectangles,
(according to the shape of the culinary utensil or other vessel), or else lying
parallel to one another across the bottom of such utensils and vessels. The con-
centric corrugations may of course be replaced by a spiral corrugation extending
in its successive coils from or near the centre to or near to the circumference of
the bottom of the utensil or vessel.
Corrugated bottoms formed as above described are easily constructed, and very
materially increase the heating surface exposed to the direct action of the fire;
and in the case of kettles and other utensils and vessels liable to be incrusted with
sedimentary matter the contraction of the corrugations as the utensil or vessel
cools assists in cracking off such incrustation.
In the case of such articles as frying-pans, the corrugations not only increase the
heating surface of the bottom, but when steaks and such like articles of food are
being cooked the corrugations drain the liquor from the meat thus affording to
some extent the advantages of a gridiron and at the same time retaining the
gravy.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FRENCH HORNS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Maurice Bauer, at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 19th May 1883. A communication from
Eduard Gustav Heidrich a person resident at Breslau Germany
MAURICE BAUER of the firm of M. Bauer and Company of Paris in the Republic
of France Civil Engineers "IMPROVEMENTS IN FRENCH HORNS" [a communication
from Eduard Gustav Heidrich a person resident at Breslau Germany
This invention consists of the improvements in French horns hereinafter described
whereby the said horns are rendered capable of sounding notes an octave higher
than those of the ordinary construction.
In the use of the ordinary French horns there is great difficulty in the pro-
invention is to render the said instruments capable of producing the tritone written
for an ordinary French horn an octave higher
and of producing the extremely low notes more perfectly than they can be
produced by the ordinary French horn.
According to this invention the tube at and near the mouth or bell of the horn
is made much shorter than that of the ordinary horns and in order to compensate
for this shortening of the tube it is made much wider. Additional tubes provided
with a valve or valves worked by a suitable key or keys is or are also used the
said additional tubes being connected to one of the bends of the ordinary tube
either permanently or so as to be capable of removal. In the latter case that part
of the ordinary tube to which the said additional tubes are connected is removed
with the said additional tubes when the latter are not required and the said part
is replaced by a plain bend
IMPROVED PROCESS OF TURKEY RED DYEING FOR COTTON YARNS AND CLOTH
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Hoffmann at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 5th May 1883. Communicated to
him from abroad by Carl Seeber of Schopfheim in the German Empire
JOHN WILLIAM HOFFMANN of Manchester in the County of Lancaster
IMPROVED PROCESS OF TURKEY RED DYEING FOR COTTON YARNS AND CLOTH
(A Communication to me from abroad by Carl Seeber of Schopfheim in the
German Empire)
"
AN
"
I first treat the cotton yarn or cloth (previously to dyeing) with a boiling solution
of soda ash and resin, using about ten pounds of the former and about two and a
half pounds of the latter to each hundred pounds of cotton.
I next subject the yarn or cloth to the action of an oil-mordant composed of
about ten pounds of prepared Turkey-red-oil, about ten gallons of water, about
three quarters of a pound of stannate of soda and about one quarter of a pound of
ammonia liquor, to each hundred pounds of cotton..
I then pass the goods through an alumina-mordant prepared as follows; for
each six hundred pounds of cotton, about one hundred pounds of sulphate of
alumina, about seventy pounds of soda crystals, about twenty pounds of Epsom
salts, and about eight pints and three quarters of acetic acid.
After which I submit the same to a chalk bath composed of about forty five
pounds of chalk dissolved in a sufficient quantity of water to each six hundred
pounds of cotton.
By the use of this improved process the dyeing occupies three days only instead
of seven or eight days as by the ordinary process; and there is also a considerable
economy in the cost, equal to about twenty one shillings in the hundred pounds of
cotton dyed, or one third of the cost.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MINERS SAFETY LAMPS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Marriott Wilkinson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th November 1883.
JOHN MARRIOTT WILKINSON of Sheffield in the County of York "IMPROVEMENTS
IN MINERS SAFETY LAMPS"
My Invention relates to improvements in the construction of Niners Safety
Lamps and has for its object the production of a more perfect and reliable lamp
than has heretofore been made.
In constructing a Lamp according to my invention, I make it in four principal
parts, namely the oil vessel carrying the wickholder and Extinguisher; the glass
through which the light is reflected, the chimney to carry off the products of
combustion, and the frame.
The oil vessel is made to screw into the base of the frame, and is provided with
the usual wickholdor and picker for trimming the wick of the lamp. A number of
vertical tubes pass through the oil chamber and are arranged round the wick holder,
projecting both from the underside of the oil vessel, and also from the top to about
the height of the wick. The bottom part of the tubes are open to admit air to the
interior of the lamp, but the tops of the tubes are closed, similar to an ordinary
gas burner, and are perforated with a series of small holes on the side facing the
wick. The object of this arrangement, is, first to admit pure air into the lamp for
the purpose of combustion, secondly that when inflamable gas passes through the
tubes into the lamp it will become ignited at the perforations and burn without
danger inside the lamp.
On the top of the oil vessel I fix a cam shaped catch connected by a crank lever
or similar device to an extinguisher; and upon the baseplate of the frame I arrange
a spring catch in such a position as to slide over the cam shaped catch when the oil-
vessel is being screwed into position, at the same time it throws the extinguisher
out of the way of the flame; on reversing the movement and attempting to open the
lamp by unscrewing the oil vessel, the spring catch engages with the cam shaped
catch, and pulling down the extinguisher puts out the light. I make the glass
guard with a bevilled top edge, fitting closely against a similarly bevilled portion of
the frame, to provide for a slight expansion or elongation of the glass when heated.
D31

page_text: The chimney opening into the glass chamber, consists of a short length of metal
tube, (such as iron gas pipe) secured into the frame at its bottom end, and enclosed
in an outer tube of larger diameter, so as to leave an annular air space between the
two tubes; this arrangement prevents the possibility of the outer tube becoming
overheated, or red hot.
The top of the chimney is closed by a piece of wire gauze, secured by means of a
screwed cap and through which the products of combustion escape.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BUTTONS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Herbert John Haddan at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 13th September 1883. Communicated
to him from abroad by Friedrich Kammerer, of Pforzheim, in the German
Empire.
HERBERT JOHN HADDAN, of Kensington, Middlesex,
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
BUTTONS," a communication to me from abroad by Friedrich Kammerer, of
Pforzheim, in the German Empire,
This invention relates to buttons which are attached without sewing.
It consists chiefly in making the shank of the button in one piece with the head
or counterplate. For this purpose the head of the metallic button may be punched
radially, but so that the blanks do not reach to the centre of the button, and by
bending down the punched out parts in the centre, so as to form the shank, the
ends of which are then passed through the counterplate and bent down over the
latter. A short tube or block of indiarubber is placed between the head and the
cloth, before the shank is passed through the latter. Or instead of indiarubber a
helical spring may be used.
The shank may be composed of two or more arms placed radially or otherwise,
and they may be made T shaped and toothed for better securing the ends to the
counterplate. Instead of forming the shank by punching out the head or counter-
plate, the latter may be left solid and provided with radial arms outside, which are
first bent inward towards the centre and afterwards downward at a right angle to
the headplate. The counterplate may be placed on the same side of the cloth as
the top-plate, and the button secured by means of a screw screwed into the core
of the shank from the opposite side of the cloth.
A NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL MANURE
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick William Martino at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 29th August 1883.
FREDERICK WILLIAM MARTINO of Sheffield in the County of York Manufacturer
A NEW OR IMPROVED MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL MANURE
"
In manufacturing an artificial manure according to my invention I proceed as
follows. I take the basic slag obtained in the dephosphorising of pig or cast iron
by the use in the converter of a lining of quick lime. The said slag consists essentially
of phosphate of lime but also contains small quantities of silica magnesia, alumina
and oxide of iron.
I crush the said slag into pieces preferably of about the size of walnuts and
I slowly pass sewage over the said crushed slag. The said slag is porous and
absorbs the nitrogenous compounds contained in the sewage as well as any
undecomposed or partially decomposed organised matter. The crushed slag is
treated with sewage until it ceases to absorb the organic and organised contents of
the said sewage. This is ascertained by an examination of the effluent water.
The basic slag thus saturated with sewage is treated preferably after it has been
ground to a coarse powder with oil of vitriol or concentrated sulphuric acid. The
said acid is added to the compound of slag and sewage in sufficient quantity to
make it into a paste. By the action of the said sulphuric acid any undecomposed
organised matter is thoroughly decomposed and brought into a condition in which
it is readily absorbed by and adds to the fertility of the soil. The addition to the
sulphuric acid besides effecting the decomposition referred to produces a compound
slightly acid and hygroscopic and is superior to ordinary artificial manures which
generally have an alkaline reaction
The articial manure manufactured according to my invention consists mainly of
phosphate of lime and sulphate of ammonia and has a fertilizing property equal to
that of the best guano
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THRESHING MACHINES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Thomas Junior at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 24th August 1883.
JOHN THOMAS Junior of Wrenbury near Nantwich in the County of Chester
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THRESHING MACHINES"
This invention relates to certain improvements in the construction of threshing
machines, and consists first in a method of feeding the machine by having an
opening at the top above the main drum fitted with an adjustable inclined flap or
valve, a movable slide being also placed above the opening to admit of the material
being fed into the machine and to save liability to accident and prevent the corn
from being wasted by being blown about.
Secondly the invention consists of a curved or concave bed (in connection with
the main driving drum) made in two or more parts, and fitted with transverse bars
of a squared section, and capable of being reversed so as to obtain a double wearing
surface or angle when required without taking the bed or grating to pieces or if
necessary, by taking the bars out and reversing them, four different wearing surfaces
or angles may be obtaine in the same bed or concave.
I also propose to use an endless band of suitable material without ribs, and placed
under the "shakers" to carry the corn over the riddle box.
In some cases I place a shaking board or tray underneath the "shakers," and
give it the necessary shaking motion either by a square shaft or other suitable
mechanism, or it may be worked direct from the fan shaft by excentrics; or from
the "peeler" or "huineler" shaft as found most convenient.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Leonard Chapman at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th October 1883.
LEONARD CHAPMAN of Erith in the County of Kent
ENGINES
"
" IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM
This invention has for its object improvements in steam engines.
In condensing engines working expansively the whole of the exhaust steam is
commonly condensed and usually the exhaust port is opened before the piston has
completed its stroke. According to my invention the steam which escapes by the
exhaust port before the piston has completed its stroke does not go to the condenser
but is allowed to escape into a reservoir or direct up the funnel so as to produce a
steam blast or it is otherwise utilised. When or just before the piston has
completed its stroke the exhaust is by suitable valves connected to the condenser
and the vacuum therein assists the return of the piston as at present.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gerard Wenzeslaus von Nawrocki
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 12th March 1883. A
communication from Ernst Völcker of Bernburg Germany
GERARD WENZESLAUS VON NAWROCKI, Proprietor of the firm of J. Brandt &
G. W v Nawrocki, Patent Solicitor and Civil Engineer of 124 Leipzigerstrasse
Berlin Germany. "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS (A Communication from
Ernst Völcker of Bernburg Germany)
"
In a boiler constructed according to this invention a heating tube or feed heater
is provided within the arched flue, it is arranged concentrically therewith in front
and somewhat inclined towards the rear and therefore terminates below the axis of
the flue
The front of the flue forms a smooth conical sleeve communicating with the fire
space and it receives the feed heater. The conical front end of this is so connected
by pipes or tubes say of conical shape, with the flue that an exceedingly rapid
circulation of the water within the boiler and feed heater is produced. The other
end of the feed heater passes beyond the brickwork which forms the setting of
the boiler and is there provided with a manhole or hand hole, waste pipe and
feed pipe.
• .
According to one part of this invention the end of the feed heater is protected
against burning by having a casing of fire-clay.
By this arrangement, not only is provided a larger heating surface than was
heretofore atttainable but also the cost of "setting" the boiler is less.
To enable the ashes in the flue to be removed and for raising the water in the
heater to as high a temperature as may be required, a series of pipes fitted together
and fitted with scrapers or brushes, are provided; the pipes are connected with the
interior of the boiler their front end passing through the brickwork. Suitable
levers serve to impart a to and fro motion to these pipes whilst water passing
through the same will cool these tubes whilst becoming heated itself.
Guides for these pipes are provided within the flue where required and suitable
sliding pieces work on the guides in such a manner as to raise the cleaning device
during part of its motion allowing it to drop during another part, so that its
motion, besides being reciprocating, will also move in a more or less circular path
A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING METALLIC OXIDES OR BASES
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henri Adrien Bonneville, of the British and Foreign
Patent Offices, 8 rue de la Chaussée d'Antin Paris, France, Patent Agent for
an Invention of A NEW OR IMPROVED PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING METALLIC
OXIDES OR BASES a communication from Louis Charles Emeric Faucheux, a

page_text: Thus, bases of all kinds such as potash, soda, baryta, strotiane, lime and others
are produced at a cheap rate, or metallic oxides properly so called, suitable for all
kinds of metallurgic treatment.
In case very pure oxides are desired, instead of proceeding by direct
decomposition of the same sulphide, a system of double decomposition may be
employed.
Thus taking as an example, caustic soda, or caustic potash, if sulphide of sodium
or of potassium be employed directly, there is:

page_text: KO
Na OSO + Ba O, HO = B₁ O, SO³ +
ΚΟ
Na O
HO
There will thus be obtained very pure caustic alkalis, which will only require
evaporating; the sulphate of baryta may be used again to produce sulphide of
baryum.
The sulphydric acid produced may be used for numerous ennlications.

page_text: Having thus described the nature of the said invention, and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I claim and desire to secure by Royal Letters
Patent, the principle of manufacturing metallic bases and oxydes, in utilizing the
sulphuric acid produced as above described, whatever means may be employed
in the application of the principle, substantially, and for the purposes above
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henri Adrien. Bonneville, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this twentieth day of October in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty three.