Improvements in Ice Making and Refrigerating Apparatus.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 26th May, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 25th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 6th May, 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ice Making and Refrigerating Apparatus.
SAMUEL PUPLETT 47 Victoria Street Westminster S.W. JONATHAN LUCAS
RIGG 11 Victoria Grove Kensington London Engineers do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:--
Our invention relates to ice making and refrigerating apparatus by which freezing
or cooling is effected by the vaporization of a liquefied gas.
In such apparatus the refrigerator is sometimes constructed of tubes or coils of
pipe inside which the gas is vaporized the liquid to be cooled circulating around the
outside of such tubes or coils. In other arrangements commonly used for ice
making an uncongealable liquid (brine for example) is circulated by a pump or
other mechanical device either around the outside of the refrigerator coils and then
around vessels or moulds containing the water to be frozen or through cells or
hollow walls placed in tanks and surrounded by the water to be frozen, the ice in
this instance being formed on the outside of the cells.
In our improved arrangement we prefer to construct the refrigerator of one or
more zig-zag or other form of coils which we enclose in metal cisterns or jackets
(by preference made rectangular in shape and open at the top) charged with brine
or other uncongealable liquid so that the coils are submerged. The liquefied gas
being allowed to vaporize in the coils the temperature of the surrounding brine is
reduced to any required degree and ice of any required thickness is formed on the
outsides of the metal cisterns or jackets. The pipes or coils in the cisterns or
jackets may be arranged singly or may be coupled together in groups the gas passing
from coil to coil in each group or through each coil simultaneously. At the inlet
of each of the coils or groups of coils we provide a valve or cock so arranged that
any of the valves or cocks may be closed thereby stopping the vaporization of the gas
in that coil or group of coils without interrupting the process in any other coil or
group. When valves are used we construct them similarly to those described in our
Patent 1437887 but with the addition of a liquid seal around the spindle-oil or
glycerine or other suitable liquid may be used for this seal as the liquid also serves
to lubricate the spindle.
To liberate the ice from the sides of the metal cisterns or jackets, these may be
warmed by any convenient method.
In order to produce clear ice free from air bubbles or discoloration any well
known system of agitating the water to be frozen may be employed.
24th day of May 1892.
-
SAMUEL PUPLETT.
JONATHAN LUCAS RIGG.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Ice Making and Refrigerating Apparatus.
SAMUEL PUPLETT of 47 Victoria Street Westminster Engineer and JONATHAN
LUCAS RIGG of 11 Victoria Grove Kensington, W. Engineer do hereby declare
the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
Our invention relates to ice making and refrigerating machinery or apparatus by
which freezing or cooling is effected by the vaporization of a liquefied gas.
In such apparatus the refrigerator is sometimes constructed of tubes or coils of
Price I

page_text: pipes inside which the liquid gas is vaporized-the liquid to be refrigerated sur-
rounding or being circulated around the outside of the tubes or coils, the operation
of freezing thus being direct and without the use of a bath of noncongealable
liquid. One objection to this arrangement is the difficulty of liberating the ice from
the coils or their envelopes. In other arrangements commonly used for ice making
an uncongealable liquid brine for example is circulated by a pump or other
mechanical device either around the vessels containing the water to be frozen, or
through cells or hollow walls placed in tanks and surrounded by the water to be
frozen, the ice being formed on the outside of the cells.
Our invention principally relates to ice making machines and to those parts of
the apparatus called the refrigerator, the regulating valves and the congealing
tank and in order that our said invention may be perfectly understood we now
proceed more particularly to describe the same and for that purpose refer to the
several figures on the accompanying sheet of drawings, the same letters of reference
indicating corresponding parts in all the figures.
Fig. 1 is a plan of an ice making apparatus according to our invention.
Fig. 2 is an end elevation partly in section of the ice tank.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation partly in section of the ice tank showing the refrigerator
coil.
Fig. 4 is a side elevation partly in section of an ice tank showing another form
of refrigerator coil.
Fig. 5 is an elevation partly in section of the regulating valves according to our
invention.
Fig. 1. 2. 3. 4 show an ice making apparatus according to our invention com-
prising steam engine A. vapor pump or compressor A¹ condenser B ice tank C
metal cisterns or jackets D. D. containing the refrigerator coils E. E, the suction
pipe F of compressor, the discharge pipe F the return liquor pipe G the regulating
valves H. H. and stop valves J. J the drain cock K.
In carrying out our invention we construct the refrigerator of one or more
zig-zags or coils E. E which we enclose in metal cisterns or jackets D. D by
preference rectangular in shape and open or closed at the top. These cisterns or
jackets we fix in the tank containing the fresh water or liquid to be frozen and
charge them with brine or other non-congealable liquid so that the coils are sub-
merged. The liquefied gas used as the refrigerant being allowed to vaporize inside
the coils the temperature of the surrounding brine is reduced to any required
degree and ice is formed on the outside of the metal cisterns or jackets. When.
the required thickness is attained the brine may be drawn off by the cock K and
the cisterns filled with warm liquor or the brine may be warmed in any convenient
manner without being drawn off, by which means the ice is liberated from the sides
of the cisterns and can be removed from the congealing tank.
One or more coils may be placed in each cistern and the coils and cisterns may
be arranged singly so that any one coil and cistern can be shut off and the ice
removed whilst the others are freezing-or they may be coupled together in groups
according to the size of the apparatus the gas passing from coil to coil in each
group successively or through all the coils simultaneously.
1 is the
At the inlet of each coil or group of coils we fix a cock or by preference a
valve H so arranged that the inlet 11. of any coil or group may be closed thereby
preventing any of the liquefied gas entering the coil and stopping the process of
freezing in that coil or group, without interrupting the process in any other coil.
A similar valve J. J. may also be fixed at the opposite end of the coils.
Fig. 5 shows the regulating valves H & J according to our invention.
body, 2 the spindle, 3 gland, 4 an annular chamber around the spindle, 6 washer
7 spindle nut, 8 oil hole, 9. 9 lead packing, 10 inlet pipe, 11 outlet 12 oil plug.
13 feather on nut to prevent its turning. In carrying out this part of our invention
we fill the annular chamber 4. with oil, glycerine, or other suitable liquid, to form
a liquid seal to prevent leakage of the gas around the spindle.
I

page_text: In order to produce clear ice free from air bubbles or discoloration any well
known system of agitation may be adopted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we
claim is
1. In ice making and refrigerating machinery or apparatus by which freezing or
cooling is effected by the vaporization of a liquefied gas the construction of the
refrigerator of one or more zig-zags or coils of pipe within which the gas is
vaporized each enclosed in a metal cistern or jacket charged with a non-congealable
liquid and fixed in the tank containing the liquid to be frozen substantially as
described and shewn.
2. In ice making and refrigerating machinery or apparatus of the kind referred
to the construction and arrangement of the refrigerator and ice tank so that the
mechanical circulation of brine or other non-congealable liquid is dispensed with
substantially as herein before described with reference to Figures 1. 2. 3. 4 of the
accompanying drawings.
3. In ice making and refrigerating machinery or apparatus by which freezing
or cooling is effected by the vaporization of a liquefied gas the dispensing with the
mechanical circulation of brine or other non-congealable liquid and at the same
time providing a ready means of liberating the ice from the metal cisterns or
jackets substantially as described and shewn.
4. In ice making and refrigerating machinery or apparatus of the kind referred
to the construction of valves for controlling the flow of the gas, with a liquid seal
around the spindle substantially as described and shewn.
Dated this 24th day of March 1893
SAMUEL PUPLETT,
47, Victoria Street, Westminster, S.W.
JONATHAN LUCAS RIGG.