AN IMPROVEMENT IN CHUCKS."
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alfred Vincent Newton, of the Office for Patents,
-A
66, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical
Draughtsman, for the Invention of "AN IMPROVEMENT IN CHUCKS."
communication from abroad by John Henry Westcott, of Oneida,
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alfred Vincent Newton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 22nd December 1873.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN CHUCKS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in a combination of certain devices whereby a
chuck which is both universal and independent as regards the action of its
dogs is obtained without displacement or detachment of its parts for the

page_text: purpose of admitting of the convenient adjustment of the chuck to
concentric or excentric work.
The face plate of the chuck is fitted with radially adjustable dogs, of
which there may be any desired number, and which are made capable of
adjustment collectively, as in other universal chucks, by means of a
scroll faced ring centred within the face plate from its back, and held
in place by a nut. This ring turns within the face plate; but instead of
gearing by the scroll on its face in a direct manner with the dogs it
gears with it indirectly through radial slides or boxes, and intervening
screws having their bearings in the boxes, so as to be capable of J
longitudinal movement only in common with the boxes, and fitting by
their threads the backs of the dogs which are suitably threaded for the
purpose and form as it were half or partial nuts to the screws. The
dogs as well as the boxes are guided and retained in place with
freedom of radial adjustment, either collectively or separately, by means
of side ribs or grooves and a corresponding construction of the radial
slots or openings in the face plate within which the dogs and boxes
move.
In the operation of the chuck the turning of the scroll ring effects the
universal radial adjustment of the dogs, which with the screws and boxes 2
all move in common.
The independent adjustment of the dogs is effected by turning their
respective screws whereby either one or more of the dogs may be
adjusted to occupy an excentric relation to the rest, to accommodate
excentric or irregular shaped work, such independent adjustment being 2
made without detaching or displacing any of the parts.
The dogs are of a stepped construction to permit of their holding
different diameters or sizes of work without requiring an extreme
adjustment of the dogs.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alfred Vincent Newton in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 22nd June 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALFRED
VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, send grecting.
3

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-second day of December, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in
the thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and
successors, give and grant unto me, the said Alfred Vincent Newton,
Her special licence that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle
of Man, an Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN CHUCKS," being a com-
munication to me from abroad by John Henry Westcott, of Oneida, in
the State of New York, United States of America, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, my executors
or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or
one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal
Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Drawing
hereunto annexed and to the letters and figures marked thereon (that is
to say):
This Invention consists in a combination of certain devices whereby a
chuck which is both universal and independent as regards the action of
its dogs is obtained, without displacement or detachment of its parts, for
the purpose of admitting of the convenient adjustment of the chuck to
concentric or excentric work.
In the accompanying Drawings which form part of the Specification,
Fig. 1 represents a face view of a lathe chuck constructed in accordance
with the Invention, and showing one of the dogs in excentric adjustment;
Fig. 2 is a similar view of the chuck with the several dogs reversed and
in concentric relation; Fig. 3 is a section on the line x, x, of Fig. 1;

page_text: and Fig. 4 is a partial edge view of the chuck. Similar letters of
reference indicate corresponding parts.
A is the face plate of the chuck and B, B, its dogs, of which there
may be any desired number and which are made capable of adjustment
collectively, as in other universal chucks, by means of a scroll faced
ring C centred within the face plate A from its back and held in place
by a nut D. This ring turns within the face plate, but instead of
gearing by the scroll on its face in a direct manner with the dogs it
gears with it indirectly through radial slides or boxes E and intervening
screws F, said screws having their bearings in the boxes E so as to be
capable of longitudinal movement only in common with the boxes, and
fitting by their threads the backs of the dogs which are suitably
threaded for the purpose, and form as it were half or partial nuts to the
screws F. The dogs B as well as the boxes E are guided and retained
in place with freedom of radial adjustment, either collectively or
separately, by means of side ribs or grooves and a corresponding con-
struction of the radial slots or openings in the face plate within which
the dogs and boxes move.
In the operation of the chuck the turning of the scroll ring C effects
the universal radial adjustment of the dogs B; said dogs B, screws F,
and boxes E all moving in common.
The independent adjustment of the dogs is effected by turning their
respective screws F, whereby either one or more of the dogs may be
adjusted to occupy an excentric relation to the rest to accomodate
excentric or irregular shaped work, such independent adjustment being
made without detaching or displacing any of the parts.
The dogs B are of a stepped construction to permit of their holding
different diameters or sizes of work without requiring an extreme
adjustment of the dogs. This construction also gives both a long and a
short gripping surface at the ends b, d, of the dogs, the longer or
deeper ends & answering to hold very small work or tools such as drills.
The dogs are also reversible end for end as required.
Apart from the independent as well as universal adjustment of the
dogs without detachment or displacement of the parts as specified, a
chuck, constructed as described, is capable of holding the smallest as
well as large sized bodies of various shapes without being inconveniently
large and heavy.

page_text: Instead of the scroll ring C any other means may be employed for
effecting the universal adjustment of the dogs, such as the various
substitutes or equivalents common to other universal chucks.
Having now set forth the nature of the Invention of "An Improve-
ment in Chucks," as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent
and explained the manner of carrying the same into effect, I wish it
to be understood that under the above in part recited Letters Patent I
claim, the combination of the screws F, the radially sliding boxes E
and dogs B with the face plate A and scroll ring O or its equivalent,
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
•
In witness whereof, I, the said Alfred Vincent Newton, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Twenty-second day of June,
in the year of our Lord One thousand cight hundred and seventy-
four.