matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF EFFECTING THE COMBUSTION OF FUEL AND OF PRODUCTS ARISING THEREFROM
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Ridley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th November
1860.
I, JOHN RIDLEY, of Stagshaw, in the County of Northumberland, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD
OF EFFECTING THE COMBUSTION OF FUEL AND OF PRODUCTS ARISING THEREFROM," to
be as follows:
My Invention consists in causing a draft of air to descend upon the burning
fuel, whereby intense heat is generated, and all the consumable products given
off from the fuel become burnt.
My Invention also consists in regulating the air to be admitted by the
employment of an adjustable tube, which is capable of being moved up and
down over the fuel.
A convenient method of applying my Invention in locomotive furnaces, for
instance, is by an adjustable tube communicating at top with the atmosphere
and at bottom with the fuel. It is of course necessary in all cases that
there be a draught to cause the air to enter over the fuel to be burnt.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RETORTS, CRUCIBLES, AND OTHER VESSELS EMPLOYED FOR THE PURPOSES OF FUSION AND DISTILLATION
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry John Standly at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd July
1860.
I, HENRY JOHN STANDLY, of 9, Pall Mall East, in the City of Westminster,
in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN RETORTS, CRUCIBLES, AND OTHER VESSELS
EMPLOYED FOR THE PURPOSES OF FUSION AND DISTILLATION," to be as follows:-
My improvements consist in constructing retorts, crucibles, and other vessels
employed for the purposes of fusion, distillation, or similar chemical operations
of steel, in substitution of those ordinarily used for such purposes, and usually
made of cast or wrought iron and other materials, whereby I am enabled to
employ such vessels in numerous processes where a much higher temperature
is required than can be attained by the use of the materials ordinarily employed,
thus effecting a greater degree of certainty and economy in those operations
where my improved retorts, crucibles, or other vessels are employed.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BONE MILLS AND LOGWOOD RASPS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Picksley and Reuben Sims
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
18th July 1860.
We, JOHN PICKSLEY and REUBEN SIMS, of Bedford Foundry, near Leigh, in
the County of Lancaster, Agricultural Implement Makers, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BONE MILLS AND
LOGWOOD RASPS," to be as follows:-
We make a substantial top frame or rasping lid, and mount it upon a strong
base frame. In the said top frame or rasping lid we form or fix chilled or
other suitable bearings to receive a cylinder shaft, cam shaft, and driving
wheel shaft. The driving wheel is an internal spur, and may be driven by a
suitable wheel, pulley, or other contrivance on its own shaft, or by a strap on
its external surface. The rasping cylinder receives notion by means of a
pinion fixed on its own shaft, and taken into the driving wheel. Upon the
driving wheel shaft is also a spur pinion, taken into the wheel upon the cam
shaft, which serves to communicate the alternate motion to the feed piston
or pistons.
Our improvements relate especially to the rasping cylinder, by the facility
we have of removing the knives. or rasps when dull with use. For this
purpose there are one or more spaces formed in the cylinder to receive the
knives or rasps, and the fixing pieces for the same. The said pieces have a
contiguous to them are
snug or snugs formed upon their inside surface, and
snugs in or upon the cylinder. Each snug has a suitable hole to receive a

page_text: key or cotter, and when the knives or rasps are placed in the cylinder, the
fixing piece is then secured by a key or cotter passed through the aforesaid
holes, the teeth of the rasps being raised above the surface of the cylinder.
Immediately over the cylinder is a hopper to receive the bone or other sub-
stance to be rasped, and the operation is then performed by rapid motion
being communicated to the cylinder, and an alternate motion given to the
feed pistons by means of a cam and counterweight, the pistons serving to press
the materials against the teeth whilst they are being rasped.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR UTILISING THE WASTE STEAM OF STEAM ENGINES
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Florimond Datichy at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd April
1860.
I, FLORIMOND DATICHY, of Paris, in the Empire of France, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
UTILISING THE WASTE STEAM OF STEAM ENGINES," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to utilise the waste steam of steam engines
in such a manner as to economize fuel to a great extent, and is as follows:-
I conduct the waste steam from the engine through a pipe which leads to a
receiver enclosed in a water jacket or casing, on the top of which receiver is a
constant shower of cold water, which causes a slight condensation of the steam,
which is then withdrawn by means of a pump attached to the engine, which
forces it into vertical tubes on each side of the furnace, where it is subjected
to the heat of a surrounding cylinder, the effect of which is that it is forced
again into the boiler for further use, and preventing to a great extent the
possibility of any explosion of the boiler.
The great features of this Invention are the simplicity by which the object
is effected, and the easy access to all parts of the apparatus, such not being
the case with any apparatus of the kind hitherto constructed for the same
purpose.
IMPROVED APPARATUS TO BE USED IN CLEANING WINDOWws
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Trotman and Adolphus
Trotman at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 12th April 1860.
We, THOMAS TROTMAN, of Sheerness, in the County of Kent, Engineer, &
ADOLPHUS TROTMAN, of Beresford Street, Walworth, in the County of Surrey,
Pin Maker, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED
APPARATUS TO BE USED IN CLEANING WINDOWws," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates to a safety apparatus or temporary staging for
the purpose of affording a resting place and protection to persons cleaning
windows on the outside. It consists of a light metal or other framework,
somewhat like a small outside balcony, but instead of being a fixture we hook
it into sockets or brackets fixed to the sides of the window frames or other
suitable part. In order that it may suit all sizes of windows, we make it in
two parts to slide one on the other, so that it will contract or collapse to suit
the narrowest window and expand to suit the widest, within reasonable limits:
thus one apparatus is applicable for all the windows of one or more houses.
The horizontal bars of the framework are made to embrace and slide on
each other, at same time to give sufficient rigidity to insure the stability of
the whole framework. To further insure this, sliding sockets may be applied
with binding screws to make the whole perfectly rigid. Sockets are fixed in
suitable positions to each of the windows to which it is desired to apply this
apparatus, where they are allowed to remain permanent. In addition to
hooking the bars of the apparatus into the sockets, chains are provided &

page_text: fixed thereto, to be attached to the sockets and give further security, if re-
quired. The vertical bars of the apparatus may have studs to drop into holes
in the window sill or to take hold of the window frame, or they may simply
rest on the sill, which in most cases will be sufficient. A foot board is provided
which may also be made elongating, or it may be short enough to suit the nar-
rowest window. It drops into position and is secured by notches fitting the bars
of the frames or otherwise. To enclose this expanding portable balcony or appa-
ratus when in use we further provide a canvas or other covering to hook on and
surround the outside. The whole is of sufficient height to afford the security
& protection required.
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Arthur Henry at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th
January 1860.
I, WILLIAM ARTHUR HENRY, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SCREWS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of
machinery or apparatus for making screws of all kinds, and consists in the
employment of a toothed rack working in suitable guides in the base plate of a
poppet-head; this rack has a reciprocating motion imparted to it by means of
a connecting rod worked by an adjustable crank pin in a slotted disc, which is
carried on the end of a shaft in a separate poppet head. The reciprocating
rack gears into a spur pinion carried on a short intermediate spindle, which
spindle also carries a spur wheel gearing into a pinion or series of teeth
formed on another spindle above, and which works in the bearings of the
first-mentioned poppet head. It will thus be obvious that on imparting
a continuous rotatory motion to the spindle which carries the slotted disc,
a reciprocating motion will be imparted to the rack, which motion may
be increased or diminished in extent by suitably adjusting the stud pin in the
slotted disc further from or nearer to the centre. The reciprocating motion of
the rack imparts a circular motion to the toothed gearing herein-before referred
to, such circular motion being reversed at cach single stroke of the rack;

page_text: consequently the main spindle in the first-mentioned poppet head will make a
certain number of revolutions in one direction, and then an equal number of
turns in the reverse direction, the number of revolutions being regulated by
the throw of the crank pin. As applied to the manufacture of screws, a
suitable gripping apparatus is fitted on to the end of this spindle for holding
the lengths of material to be made into screws. When tapered screws are to
be made, the dies are not tapered, and are made to open or expand and close
again as the screw enters and recedes, by a self-acting arrangement consisting
of suitable connecting links actuated by a counterweight.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN ARTICLES OF DRESS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Tait at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th December
1860.
I, JAMES TAIT, of Southwark, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN CERTAIN ARTICLES OF DRESS,"
to be as follows (that is to say):-
My Invention has reference to improvements in certain articles of dress to
be worn together as a uniform, each part thereof being suitably adapted for
producing an effective and harmonious appearance, as also to the employment.
of a ventilating medium for the purpose of allowing a free escape of the
superfluous heat of the body, and consists in forming single or double breasted.
frock coats of blue cloth with scarlet pointed cuffs and piping, and scarlet
embroidered collars, or collars and pocket flaps ornamented with gold lace
edging; whilst scarlet coats are to be supplied with blue collars, cuffs, and.
flaps trimmed with gold lace edging, and furnished with gold lace from button
to button across the chest, the said coats being suitably ornamented by stitch-
ing, and lined throughout with serge for the winter, or the skirts thereof with:
shalloon for the summer, as also provided with a ventilating gusset under each
arm; a waistcoat of blue cloth with scarlet piping being worn in connection
with the above; as also trousers formed of blue cloth or grey serge, furnished.
with scarlet regulation cord, or a scarlet stripe inserted in the seams down the
sides thereof, together with a ventilating gusset in the seat of the same, and
heel-protecting pieces of leather, or otherwise.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Knowles at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
January 1860.
I, WILLIAM KNOWLES, of Bolton-le-Moors, in the County of Lancaster,
Cotton Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for " CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR CARDING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention is applicable to those carding engines in which working and
clearing rollers are used, and it consists in applying a dirt roller to each or to
any number of the clearing rollers. This dirt roller serves to collect the
seeds, motes, or other impurites which are removed from the main cylinder by
the workers and clearers; the surface of the dirt roller is cleaned by a comb
or other suitable agent, or the surface of the clearing roller may be cleaned by
a card flat, which is stripped by self-acting mechanism or otherwise; or any
other combination of mechanism for stripping the clearing roller, when in
motion, may be used.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS
Year: 1860

page_text: '
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Spence at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition on the 30th July
1860. A communication from abroad by Pierre Dujaric, of Paris, in
the Empire of France, Hat Maker.
I, WILLIAM SPENCE, of 50, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS," (communicated to me from abroad
by Pierre Dujaric, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Hat Maker), to be as
follows:-
This Invention is applicable to the manufacture of hats of all kinds as worn
by men, women, and children, and, consists in substituting for the ordinary
coverings for hats, the skins of which gloves are ordinary composed to form
the covering or outer surface of the hat.
For this purpose, all kinds of skins used in the manufacture of gloves may
be employed. The skin when selected and prepared, is applied to the foun-
dation or body of the hat, whether this be composed of felt, cloth, leather,
india-rubber, or other material. The skin being stretched over the piece of
material in course of manufacture, is caused to assume the exact form thereof
by means of a hot iron; it is afterwards turned up, then fixed and concealed
under the projecting part forming the rim of the hat.
But the mode of applying the covering to the foundation or body of the

page_text: hat may be varied, provided such mode be adapted to cause the skin to
assume the exact form of the foundation or body to which it is applied, and
the remainder of the manufacture is the same as usual, so far as regards the
interior and the under part of the rim of the hat.
AN IMPROVED PORTABLE MACHINE FOR COR- RECTING AND BORING RIFLE BULLETS, ALSO FOR TURNING IN SHOT CARTRIDGE CASES
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Frost Nuthall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th
February 1860.
I, WILLIAM FROST NUTHALL, of North Lodge, Kilburn, in the County of
5 Middlesex, a Major in Her Majesty's Bengal Army, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED PORTABLE MACHINE FOR COR-
RECTING AND BORING RIFLE BULLETS, ALSO FOR TURNING IN SHOT CARTRIDGE
CASES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists principally of a rack and pinion fixed in a metal
frame, which holds a die. To the rack is attached a moveable plunger, and
in order to swedge or correct a bullet it is placed in the die; the plunger is
then let down upon it, and it is forced through by means of a winch handle,
and passes out free from all increscencies; the same power and plunger
being used for the purpose of turning in the ends of shot cartridge cases.
When bullets are to be converted into shells, they are forced through suf-
ficiently merely to be held tight in the die. The die is then inverted, the
plunger unscrewed from the rack, an American gimlet screwed on its place,
and the apex of the bullet bored through by means of the rack now acting as
a drill worked by the winch handle transferred to the head of the rack.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FENDERS AND FIRE-GUARDS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Jobson Smith and Christopher
Bolland at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 9th February 1860.
We, JOHN JOBSON SMITH, of Sheffield, trading under the Firm of Stuart
and Smith, and CHRISTOPHER BOLLAND, also of Sheffield, Designer and
Modeller to the aforesaid John Jobson Smith, do hereby declare the nature
of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FENDERS AND FIRE-GUARDS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in fenders and fire-guards,
and consists in combining with fenders fire-guards, which are made capable of
being raised and lowered, so that they may at different times be retained or
fixed at different heights. The guards may consist of horizontal or of upright:
bars, or of the two combined, or of trellis or other ornamental work, and they.
are connected to the fenders by pillars or otherwise, so that the guards may be
slid or raised up, and retained in any desired position.
IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING AIR TO THE FURNACE OR FURNACES, OR TO THE FIRE ROOMS OF STEAM VESSELS BY MEANS OF THE PADDLE WHEELS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
November 1860.-A communication from abroad by Louis Brandt, of
Indianola, Calhoun County, Texas.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS OF AND APPARATUS FOR SUPPLYING AIR
TO THE FURNACE OR FURNACES, OR TO THE FIRE ROOMS OF STEAM VESSELS BY MEANS
OF THE PADDLE WHEELS," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists of improved means of and apparatus for supplying
air under pressure to the furnace or furnaces, or to the fire rooms of steain
vessels by means of the paddle wheels. To this end a pipe or pipes is or are
conducted from the wheel houses down to some convenient spot near the fire
rooms, or to an opening under the grates of the furnaces or near the fires, so
that a current of air may be forced down to the fire room or to the furnaces
by the motion of the paddle wheels.
PREVENTING EXPLOSIONS IN COAL MINES AND OTHER PLACES, THEREBY TO SAVE LIFE AND PROPERTY, WITH OTHER. IMPROVEMENTS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Colwell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th December
1860.
I, CHARLES COLWELL, of Belvidere Place, Southwark, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "PREVENTING EXPLOSIONS IN COAL
MINES AND OTHER PLACES, THEREBY TO SAVE LIFE AND PROPERTY, WITH OTHER.
IMPROVEMENTS," to be as follows:-
To neutralize the carburetted hydrogen and other gases tending to create
such explosions by a certain and liberal supply of atmospheric air, to be con-
tinuously applied to all parts of the mines and other places affected, which
has never yet been done; but the means of which, with other improvements,.
will be described and fully detailed in my Final Specification.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE SMELTING OF IRON ORES
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Baldwyn Rogers at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
July 1860.
I, SAMUEL BALDWYN ROGERS, of Newport, in the County of Monmouth,
Analytical Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVEMENT IN THE SMELTING OF IRON ORES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the application of Bovey coal to the smelting of
iron. Bovey coal is a fuel known in the locality where it is found, viz., at
Bovey Tracey, in the County of Devon, as Bovey coal, and when converted
into charcoal I find it peculiarly adapted for making an iron of the quality
known as charcoal pig iron; I use this before-mentioned material in the place
of the ordinary coal, coke, or charcoal. I use the ordinary smelting furnace,
and for the purposes of producing the flux I also use any of the ordinary
chemical materials, avoiding those which contain sulphuric or phosphoric
matter.
AN IMPROVED WHEEL TO BE USED FOR CARRIAGES OR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Ball Mannix at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th September
1860.
I, JAMES BALL MANNIX, of London, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED WHEEL TO BE USED FOR CARRIAGES OR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as
follows (that is to say):-
My Invention has reference to an improved construction of wheel to be
used in lieu of the ordinary driving or running wheels of carriages, or invalid
chairs, strap wheels, or otherwise, and consists in the wheels being provided
with double sets of tires placed concentrically one within the other, in such
manner as to admit of the same being held together or united through the
medium of elliptical or bow-formed springs placed between the same and
working from an adjusting link head motion for communicating the requisite
play or elasticity to the wheels, whereby the concussion consequent on the
rolling action is obviated, and the wheels rendered capable of being employed
if necessary without bearing springs as at present.
AN IMPROVED ARCHER'S Bow AND Bow GUN Toy
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th December 1860.-A communication from abroad by William
Henry Stevens and Benjamin Rigal Norton, both of the City of New
York.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED ARCHER'S Bow AND Bow
GUN Toy," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates, firstly, to a metal bow for throwing arrows, which
may be made of a round, square, or flat wire rod, so shaped and tempered
that it will combine strength with elasticity or spring. This object is effected
by forming one or more coils in the bow, which is provided with a jointed
wire string, whereby it is bent or strained. This wire string is made with
two joints near the middle, so that when the wire cord is drawn it will bend.
at the joints instead of bending the cord itself.
This Invention relates, secondly, to a toy bow gun for throwing balls.
This bow gun is furnished with the above-mentioned bow, and is constructed
with a breech-loading barrel, which communicates with the barrel through
which the bowstring passes at a point in advance of the bowstring, at which
point an elastic obstruction is introduced for retaining the ball until it is
struck by the bowstring, or a rod which may be connected to the bowstring.
The wire cord or string, when drawn back ready to discharge a ball, is retained
in position by a hooked lever, and is discharged by a trigger.
IMPROVED BAGS TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Stevens at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th September
1860. A communication from abroad by Edouard Fourmeaux, of
No. 42, Rue Laffite, Paris, in the Empire of France.
I, CHARLES STEVENS, Manager of the British & Foreign Office for Patents,
No. 1, Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED BAGS TO BE
USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SUGAR," (& that it has been communicated to
me from abroad by Edouard Fourmeaux, of No. 42, Rue Laffite, Paris, in the
Empire of France,) to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the manufacture of bags employed for containing
the pulp of sugar. The bags were originally of spun flax and hemp, which
were afterwards replaced by others made of wool spun and twisted. These,
although possessing advantages over those first in use, were more expensive.
The present Invention obviates this by uniting a moderate cost with a durability
at least double that of the bags hitherto used. The improved bags are made of
cotton, which is spun doubled & twisted, thereby giving a superior quality to
the tissue, and although lower in price, it is stronger & more durable than the
wool of which the bags have hitherto been manufactured.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Masters Jones at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd April
1860.
I, JOHN MASTERS JONES, of the Parish of Netheravon, in the County of
Wilts, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in constructing boilers with annular or partially
annular or other shaped grooves, recesses, or channels around or about the
sides thereof, so that when such said boilers are set in brickwork or other
setting, said grooves shall form and constitute flues or channels for the passage
of heat, and thus expose a larger amount of surface to the action of the fire
than boilers as heretofore constructed. The number and width of such said
grooves, recesses, or channels will depend upon the size of the boiler. I
propose also to adapt one, two, or more tubes or pipes to the inside of the
boiler; one end of each of such said tubes passes vertically through the bottom
of the boiler, and horizontally through the boiler, and the other and opposite
ends of such said tubes pass through the end of the boiler, or otherwise, and
lead into the main flue of the chimney of the furnace. These tubes serve as
flues or conduits of heat from the fire of the furnace, and may be used either
separately from or in combination with the aforesaid grooves or channels
around or about the boiler.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAINING PLOUGHS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Eddington at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th December
1860.
I, ALFRED EDDINGTON, of Springfield, Chelmsford, in the County of Essex,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAINING
PLOUGHS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in draining ploughs. For
these purposes the coulter, in place of being raised and lowered by the means
heretofore employed, is arranged to be raised and lowered by means of a screw
and screw nut. The coulter, when rising and falling, is guided by means of a
roller in front and also a roller behind; a screw nut is by preference fixed or
attached to the coulter, and the screw which raises and lowers the coulter
turns in suitable bearings carried by the beam or framing of the plough. In
constructing the beam two plates of iron running from end to end are used,
having wood between them, the whole being combined by bolts and nuts.
The wood does not extend from end to end of the plates, but leaves spaces for
the reception of blocks of iron which are fixed between the ends of the plates,
and these blocks rise up above the other parts of the beam. Through each of
these blocks one end of a cranked pin passes, the projection forming a bearing
in which such end of the cranked pin may turn. The other end of the cranked
pin passes through an enlargement on the axle, so that the axle may turn on
such end of the cranked pin, by which means a universal joint is produced,
and provision is made for causing the fore and hind axles to "lock."
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS OR MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CHAINS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Dangerfield at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd April
1860.
I, JOHN DANGERFIELD, of Tipton, in the County of Stafford, Engineer,
do hereby declaro the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS OR MACHINERY FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CHAINS," to be as follows,
that is to say:-
My Invention consists in the employment of a long furnace provided with
an endless band running parallel with the length of the furnace; this band is
furnished with plates of iron, which project into the furnace, and upon these
plates are laid, already bent and scarfed, chain links, the ends to be welded
being in the flame of the furnace. Each link as it is brought out of the furnace
is placed in a die of the form to be given to the link, this die is larger at the
top than at the bottom, and the heated link being laid in the matrix, a stamp
or die is caused to force the link to the bottom of the matrix, and at the same
time welds the link. Each link is slipped on to the length of chain before it
is placed in the dies.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Martyn John Roberts at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 7th February
1860.
I, MARTYN JOHN ROBERTS, of Crickhowell, in the County of Brecon, Esquire,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates both to ordnance and small arms; I first bore the
gun entirely through, and at the proper part for the breech I form a groove in
the shape of a segment of a circle, the direction of the curve being backward
toward the rear end of the gun; I then take a plug of a corresponding form,.
and slide it down in the groove; on the gun being fired, the effect of the
explosion is to drive the plug into close contact with its seat in the groove,
whereby the joints are rendered gas-tight. The loading takes place through
the rear of the gun. For small arms the breech and plug are the same, but
in some cases I add a block, which vibrates between the rear and open end of
the barrel and the stock.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS' CLOSETS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Samuel Tom Cornish at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th July
1860.
I, SAMUEL TOM CORNISH, of Beaumont Square, Mile End Road, in the
County of Middlesex, Shipwright, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS' CLOSETS," to be as follows:-
My Invention, which relates to improvements in ship closets, consists in the
application of a slide valve or sliding plate for the purpose of closing the
passage from the closet to the sea. This closet is principally adapted for
emigrant ships, in which it is desirable to have the closet apparatus such that
it shall not get out of order. I place this valve at the lower of the basin or
receiver, & between the surfaces of a double bottom. The simple act of
withdrawing the slide opens the passage to the sea, which withdrawal may be
effected by simply pulling the slide, or by a lever, or otherwise. In fine
weather I leave the slide open, whereby the wash of the sea at all times
cleanses out the closet pan & channel therefrom, the closet being placed at an
elevation suitable for such effect. In rough weather I close this slide or slide
valve, and open it periodically only for a short time. The passage from the
valve to the sea is, however, always open to the wash of the sea, and is,
therefore, always kept free. The slide valve may be vertical, horizontal,
inclined, or in any other suitable position at the bottom of the pan.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF FITTING DEAD-EYE CHAIN AND PREVENTER PLATES TO SHIPS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Wallace Fuller, at the Offico
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 24th April
1860.
I, JOHN WALLACE FULLER, of Her Majesty's Dockyard, Deptford, in the
County of Kent, Timber Converter, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF FITTING DEAD-EYE CHAIN AND PREVENTER
PLATES TO SHIPS," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to free the ship of all that part of the rigging
connected with the dead-eyes and the dead-eyes themselves when a mast is
carried away or is cut away at sea, and to prevent the same fouling the ship's
propellor if provided with one. My Invention consists in forming the "pre-
venter plates" which are secured to the ship's side with a hook and with a too
for receiving the lower end of the chain plate to which the dead-eye is attached.
The bottom of this plate is formed to fit into the shoe in the preventer plate,
and has a slot cut to fit the hook in the said plate. As long as there is any
upward strain upon the dead-eyes the chain plates remain firm, but should the
"channel rail" break or be cut away then the dead-eyes fall outwards and the
chain plates become at onceun hooked and detached from the preventer plates
and fall clear of the ship.
A CERTAIN IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR SPINNING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Wimpenny at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th October
1860.
I, THOMAS WIMPENNY, of Holmfirth, in the County of York, Manufac-
turer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED FOR SPINNING COTTON
AND OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
My improvement applies to a particular description of "throstle frame" for
spinning, having the adaptation of a peculiarly formed "guide" sliding round
a circular head or rim, which "guide" is intended to act as a "flyer" in a
"throstle frame" constructed to suit it, and which machines have been com-
monly called "ring throstles," or "ring-and-traveller "throstles," and were
the subject matter of Letters Patent granted to Thomas Sharp and Richard
Roberts, of Manchester, and bearing date 8th October 1834, No. 6690.
My Invention consists in the application and use of glass for the manufac-
ture of that part of such throstles, as above-named, called the "guide" or
flyer," in place of or as a substitute for steel or other metal, by which I am
enabled to improve the appearance and quality of the yarn when spun; and
also to dispense with the use of oil as a lubricant of the running "guide,"
whereby considerable economy and cleanliness is effected.
IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING WATER FOR STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Butler Broadhurst at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 3rd
July 1860.
I, JOHN BUTLER BROADHURST, of Compstall, near Stockport, in the County
of Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING WATER FOR STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in causing the water for steam boilers to pass
through a pipe or other chamber, which constitutes the whole or a portion
of the division between two flues or a boundary of one flue. This pipe or
chamber may be of any shape, and set in brickwork, if desired.
AN IM- PROVED FORCING PUMP FOR RAISING BEER AND OTHER LIQUIDS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Pierre Düsterwald at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 14th
September 1860.
I, JOSEPH PIERRE DÜSTERWALD, of Ixelles, near Brussels, in the Kingdom
of Belgium, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IM-
PROVED FORCING PUMP FOR RAISING BEER AND OTHER LIQUIDS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in producing a pressure upon beer or any other liquid
contained in casks for the purpose of raising the said liquid from the cellars to
the upper floors. The pressure is obtained by carbonic acid gas produced by
salts used for manufacturing artificial gaseous drinks, such salts being deposited
in a tight reservoir communicating at pleasure with a washing chamber, into
which the gas rushes; as it evolves from the reservoir it is washed by passing
through a sheet of water. From the washing chamber, where the gas is under
pressure, it is conveyed into the cask through a tube, which can be closed or
opened by means of a stop-cock, and the pressure of the gas upon the liquid
contained in the cask causes this liquid to rise through a suitable tube to be
drawn off into bottles or glasses when desired.
AN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Matthews at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
February 1860.
I, JOHN WILLIAM MATTHEWS, of High Street, Poplar, in the County of
Middlesex, Hat Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Inven-
tion for "AN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF HATS," to be as follows:-
My Invention of an improvement in the manufacture of hats consists in
covering the body and brim of hats with woven woollen cloth.
In carrying out my Invention the body of the hat is made in the ordinary
manner employed in making silk hats, but the woollen cloth covering for the
body is made complete with all its seams sewed ready to be put on the foun-
dation, to which it is secured by varnish or other suitable material as usual in
silk hats. The brim of the hat is covered in the same manner with woven
woollen cloth and the joint or seam formed by the meeting of the cover of the
body and the cover of the brim is covered or concealed by a band as in other
hats.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLEWICK
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joel Haywood Tatum at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 9th October
1860.
I, JOEL HAYWOOD TATUM, of New York, in the United States of America,
but now residing at Peele's Hotel, Fleet Street, in the City of London,
Artist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLEWICK," to be as follows:-
My Invention of improvements in the manufacture of candlewick consists
in so braiding five strands of threads, that the wick will be made round on one
side, and hollow or flat on the other, with a channel or groove down the centre
of the flat or concave side.
In carrying on the braiding operation care must be taken that the braiding
threads are conducted through the machine in such a manner that the outer-
most strands are directed or made to turn upwards and outwards from the
centre. A wick so constructed or made will, when burning, always bend over
and turn its point out of the flame. The central channel made on the flat or
concave side of the wick will also act as a capillary channel for conducting the
tallow or other inflammable composition to the flame.
ORNAMENTING TEXTILE FABRICS, KNOWN AS AMERICAN CLOTH
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Barton and Frederick
Ross at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition,
on the 14th January 1860.
We, WILLIAM BARTON, of Shoreditch, and FREDERICK Ross, of Clerkenwell,
both in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "ORNAMENTING TEXTILE FABRICS, KNOWN AS AMERICAN CLOTH," to be
as follows (that is to say):-
Our Invention, which has reference to the ornamentation of certain textile
fabrics known as American cloth, applicable to the several purposes for which
such fabrics are or may be employed in the various branches of upholstery,
as coverings, linings, or otherwise, consists in printing in one or more colours
upon the prepared face or surface of such fabrics, through the medium of
engraved blocks or plates, suitable patterns or designs in gold or bronze size,
paint, enamel, or otherwise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Tiot Judkins at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition on the 18th July
1860. Partly a communication from Joseph Wetherby Bartlett,
resident at No. 421, Broadway, New York, in the United States of
America.
-
I, CHARLES TIOT JUDKINS, of No. 22, Ludgate Street, in the City of London,
Dealer in Sewing Machines, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
The part of the said Invention so communicated to me consists of a com-
bination of parts for sewing with a single thread so as to make a loop stitch by
means of a single needle of suitable form without the aid of a separate looper,
the needle being so contrived and worked as to loop its own stitch, and the
needle by its action feeding forward the material to be sewn without having
such material under pressure.
And the part of the said Invention of which I am the true and first
Inventor, consists in having grooves in the feeding surfaces of suitable sewing
machines, so that cords with coverings thereon, to be used in cushions of
railway and other carriages, and for other purposes, and also other articles
of cylindrical form, may be sewn as they are pressed between such grooved
surfaces.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Clark at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 13th December
1860. A communication from abroad by Mr. Heber Marini, of Paris,
in the Empire of France, Civil Engineer.
I, WILLIAM CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Engineer & Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the introduction into retorts, during the distillation
of coal, of a large amount of hydrogen gas, pure, or nearly so, of little lighting
power, and previously manufactured and stored in suitable gas holders, in
which it is received without any purification; it is heated by the waste heat of
the furnace before it enters the retorts. The gas is intended to act on the
carburetted vapours evolved in the retort, and to combine with the lighting
gas; it will at same time protect the olefiant gas from the contact of red hot
parts of the retort, first, by its interposition, & afterwards by the impulsive
force it gives to the products of distillation, which will be expelled very rapidly
from the retort without producing either pressure or vacuum.
It is easily understood that by this new manufacture I can, by means of
exhausting apparatus, rapidly withdraw the best products of the distillation
without fear of withdrawing the oxygen of the air, or of producing a vacuum
in the retort, for this reason, that the reserve hydrogen gas holder will always
compensate for the exhaustion, whatever be its power. This Invention also

page_text: affords means of extracting rapidly the first and richest products of the distil-
lation, augmented by the poor gas, which it will enrich. Gases of bad quality,
the products of a preceding distillation, can, without inconvenience or loss, be
returned to the reserved gas holder, whence they can pass to be enriched by a
subsequent process of distillation.
AN IMPROVED SCREW- CUTTING MACHINE
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Stovens at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th July
1860. A communication from abroad by J. B. Derenne of Paris, in
the Empire of France.
I, CHARLES STEVENS, Manager of the British & Foreign Office for Patents,
No. 1B, Welbeck Street, Cavendish Square, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED SCREW-
CUTTING MACHINE," (& that it has been communicated to me from abroad by
J. B. Derenne, of Paris, in the Empire of France,) to be as follows:-
The Invention consists of a machine for screw-cutting bolts & turrels or
rings, & composed of the following pieces:-An adjusting screw; a cross bar,
serving as nut screw to the adjusting screw; a cross bar with rings at the
ends serving to raise a roller supported on bearings; a motive roller which
communicates movement to the first-mentioned roller, & to a third one by
means of gearing pieces. The three rollers all turn in the same way, the
bolts, &c., to be screw-cut entering at an opening between them. The first
mentioned roller is moveable, and thus permits of the diameter being varied.
The mode of fixing the apparatus may be varied without in the least changing
the working of the machine. The arrangement of the worm or thread on the
rollers is made according to the worm which it is desired to give to the piece
intended to be screw-cut. The three rollers are screw-cut at their extre-
mities, & the part screw-cut is a steel rundle, which is renewed as may be
required.
IM- PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CARBONIZING OR PARTIALLY CHARBING THE SKINS OF PIGS PREVIOUS TO CUREING
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Reade at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th June
1860.
I, WILLIAM READE, of Hibernia Chambers, Southwark, in the County of
Surrey, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CARBONIZING OR PARTIALLY CHARBING THE SKINS
OF PIGS PREVIOUS TO CUREING," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in apparatus for carbonizing or
partially charring or preparing the skins of pigs previous to cureing, for which
a previous Patent has been applied for by me, bearing date the 21st day of
June 1860, No. 1,509, in the Provisional Specification of which I propose
the employment for this purpose of ignited jets of gas, by preference of
vaporized spirit. Now, I have since discovered that ordinary coal or other
gas may be advantageously applied for this purpose when it can be con-
veniently obtained. In carrying out my present improvements I employ a
portable instrument or apparatus similar to that which is usually employed for
singeing horses; but in addition I prefer to force currents of atmospheric air
into the apparatus, so as to combine with the gas employed, and thus give
additional power and intensity of heat to the ignited jets when applied for the
purpose of partially carbonizing and preparing the skins of pigs previous to
cureing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A CERTAIN CLOTH OR FABRIC COMMONLY CALLED UTRECHT VELVET
Year: 1860

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Brown and Brook Hodgson
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents with their Petition, on the
28th July 1860.
We, HENRY BROWN and BROOK HODGSON, of Halifax, in the County of
York, Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A CERTAIN CLOTH OR FABRIC COMMONLY
CALLED UTRECHT VELVET," to be as follows:-
Instead of dyeing Utrecht velvets in the piece after being woven, or dyeing
the warp which forms the pile surface previous to being woven, I dye the
fibrous substance of which such warps are to be made in the state called sliver,
slubbing, or roving; that is, before it is spun into yarn, by which every fibre
becomes thoroughly saturated with the colouring matter, and produces a
brilliant effect in the fabric.