Improvements relating to Films for use in Photography.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Sept., 1890
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Jan., 1891-Accepted, 7th Feb., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Films for use in Photography.
1, VICTOR PLANCHON, of Boulogne sur Mer, in the Republic of France.
Chemical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to films for use in photography and is designed to afford a
support for such films and thus render the same rigid and keep them extended
during the operations to which they are subjected.
According to this invention 1 add to the film at any moment in its manufacture
thin, rigid and narrow frames which form a body with the film when they are
finished, and serve not only as supports but also as extenders.
These frames may be rectangular, circular, eliptical, or of any other suitable
form, whilst their size varies with the different sizes of apparatus employed in
photography.
The thickness of these frames can likewise be varied. They may be quite plane,
rounded, slightly stamped at their edges, or partially hollowed or perforated; they
inay or may not be varnished, or conted with any substances which are susceptible
of augmenting their adhesion to the film, preventing their oxidation and their
chemical action upon the substances which constitute the film, or obviating their
alteration in photographic baths.
It will be understood that I do not limit myself to any form and size of the said
frames the mode of manufacture employed, the means of applying them to the films
or to the substance of which they are made, which may be any metal or alloy or
any other rigid substance.
The above-described frames are employed in the course of the preparation of the
films made by known processes. They are fixed by simple contact, pressure,
or by means of an adhesive substance provided upon or between the layers which
constitute the film.
These layers are formed of gelatine, gun-cotton, albumin, glycerin, varnish, fatty
substances or other translucid or transparent substances, modified or not by physical
or chemical agents which are sensitive or insensitive to light, these substances being
employed alone or mixed with each other.
The application of the frames is effectel prior to the evaporation or oxidation of
the liquid or sirupy agents employed, such as water, alcohols, ethers, oils, benzin
and any other volatile or siccative liquids, in such a manner that the substances
hereinbefore referred to are applied in a humid, swollen or pitchy state to the sides
of the frames and will cause their intimate adhesion.
The frames may be fixed by one of their surfaces, or put between any two
successive layers.
In practice the operation may be carried out in the following manner, which
however I describe only by way of example, as I do not limit myself to the same.
Upon any even surface which has been provided with talc, collodion, wax,
silicate, or the like, the substances constituting the film are spread by mechanical or
other means then either before the total evaporation of the solvents, or when the
said substances are still in a humid, swollen, pitchy or molten condition the frames
are applied and fixed in the manner above described.
After their complete desiccation the frames will retain the film and keep it rigid
and plane. The films thus directly extended are of very small weight and volume:
they can undergo the necessary operations, such as exposure, developing and fixing

page_text: without any more inconvenience for the operator than if glass or prepared plates
were used.
Dated this 9th day of September 1890.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Films for use in Photography.
I, VICTOR PLANCHON, of Boulogne sur Mer, in the Republic of France, Chemical
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My invention relates to films for use in photography and is designed to afford a
support for such films and thus render the same rigid and keep them extended
during the operations to which they are subjected.
According to this invention I add to the filin at any moment in its manufacture
thin, rigid and narrow frames which form a boy with the film when they are
finished, and serve not only as supports but also as extenders.
These frames may be rectangular, as represented in Figure 1 of the accompanying
drawing, or circular, as in Figure 2 or they may he of eliptical, or any other suitable
forin, whilst their size varies with the different sizes of apparatus employed in
photography.
The thickness of these frames can also be varied. They may be quite plane,
rounded, slightly stamped at their edges, or partially hollowed or perforated; they
may if desired be varnished or conted with any substance which is susceptible of
augmenting its adhesion to the film, preventing their oxidation and their chemical
action upon the substances which constitute the film, or obviating their alteration
in photographic haths.
It will be understood that I do not limit myself to any form or size of the said
frames, the mode of manufacture employed, the means of applying them to the films
or to the substance of which they are made, which may be any metal or alloy or any
other rigid substance.
The above described frames are employed in the course of the preparation of the
films made by known processes. They are fixed by simple contact, pressure, or by
means of an adhesive substance provided upon or between the layers which constitute
the film.
These layers are formed of gelatine, gun-cotton, albumin, glycerine, varnish, fatty
substances or other translucid or transparent substances, modified or not by physical
or chemical agents which are sensitive or insensitive to light, these substances being
employed alone or mixed with each other.
The application of the frames is effected prior to the evaporation or oxidation of
the liquid or syrupy agents employed such as water, alcohols, ethers, oils, benzine
and any other volatile or siccative liquids, in such a manner that the substances
hereinbefore referred to are applied in a humid, swollen or pitchy state to the sides
of the frames and will cause their intimate adhesion.
The frames may be fixed by one of their surfaces, or put between any two
successive layers.
In practice the operation may be carried out in the following manner, which
however describe only by way of example, as I do not limit myself to the same.
Upon any even surface which has been provided with tale, collodion, wax, silicate,
or the like, the substances constituting the film are spread by mechanical or other
means then either before the total evaporation of the solvents, or when the snid
substances are still in a hunnid, swollen, pitchy or molten condition, the frames are
applied and fixed in the manner above described.
After their complete desiccation the frames will retain the film and keep it rigid

page_text: and smooth. The films thus directly extended are of very small weight and volume,
they can undergo the necessary operations, such as exposure, developing and fixing
without any more inconvenience for the operator than if glass or prepared plates
were used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what 1
claim is :
The application to photographic films of rigid frames forming one therewith, the
said frames being designed to afford supports for the films and thus render the same
rigid and keep them extended during the operations to which they are subjected.
Dated this 2nd day of January 1891.
רזוח זIr
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ASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.