Improvements in Bed and Cylinder Printing Machines.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Nov., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 18th Aug., 1896-Accepted, 14th Nov., 1896
[Communicated from abroad by ROBERT HOE, of 504 Grand Street, in the City
of New York, United States of America, Printing Press Manufacturer.]
Improvements in Bed and Cylinder Printing Machines.
I, HENRY EDWARD NEWTON, of The Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
One branch of this invention relates to that class of such printing machines
in which two rotating impression cylinders co-operate with a flat reciprocating
type bed, that carries two printing forms, and more especially to such of these
machines as are provided with a single feed table and one delivery mechanism,
and have their impression cylinders furnished with means for transferring the
sheets from the primary to the secondary cylinder, so that such sheet may be
perfected while passing continuously through the machine; but this invention
may also be applied to such printing machines when they are provided with neaus
for feeding sheets to each of their impression cylinders, and with two deliveries,
and operate to print two sheets with one impression each.
In these machines, the cylinders must be alternately lowered into printing
position, so that each may produce an impression during every second revolution,
and, during its alternating revolution, each cylinder must be raised out of printing
relation to the bed, so as to avoid contact with the printing form then passing
beneath it, which is a time when the cylinder does not carry a sheet to be printed.
This alternate raising and lowering action of the cylinders is automatically
performed, and a machine equipped with means for accomplishing it will properly
perform so long as sheets are regularly fed to it, but in consequence of the
possibility of failing to feed the sheets regularly, or other defective action, it
is requisite that this raising and lowering mechanism shall be within the control
of the feeder, and a tripping of the said mechanism be possible at such times as
will prevent any improper action of the machine.
To this end, the present invention consists in a tripping, mechanism of such
improved construction, that it may not only operate to control the vertical
movements of the cylinders independently of their automatic action, but be
capable of operating only at such times as the cylinders may properly be so
acted upon, and then first upon the primary impression cylinder, and thereafter
upon the secondary impression cylinder.
It also embraces specific constructions and combinations of parts for carrying
it into ractical effect, and means for ensuring the perfect bringing of the parts,
when once tripped, into action, and for locking them against untimely operation.
The printing machine is, in its general characteristics, of the common type of
machine. It consists of two rotating impression cylinders, capable of vertical
motion, and a flat reciprocating type bed. These cylinders are respectively
provided with sheet-carrying grippers, and are so positioned as to be nearly in
contact, and they are rotated in unison by means of wheels, which do not gear
together, but respectively mesh with intermediates, which are geared together,
and the former of which gears with, and imparts motion to, a double-faced
pinion on the outer end of an oscillating shaft, at the opposite or inner
end of which is carried the bed-driving pinion, which engages a double-faced

page_text: rack. At each end, this rack is provided with curved shoes, forming guide-ways,
which, when engaged by the elongated inner end of the shaft, directs said shaft
upward at one end, and downward at the other end, of each stroke of the bed,
and thus carries the pinion from the lower to the upper, and form the upper to
the lower, side of the double faced rack, so that it will drive the rack, and hence
the bed, first in one direction, and then in the other. This shaft is hung, so as
to be capable of vertical oscillation in a guide, to engage the pinion first with
its one face, and then its other face, with an intermediate wheel. The main
driving shaft, which will be provided with the usual driving pulleys, is mounted
in one side frame, and carries, outside the frame, a driving pinion, which forms
part of a system of gearing of wheels of varying sizes, which gearing drives both
the cylinders and the bed, and a cam shaft.
When the primary impression cylinder is co-operating with the type bed, to
impart the first impression to the sheet, the form carried by the bed, then passing
beneath the secondary cylinder, dres not have contact with that cylinder, and
when the second impression cylinder is co-operating with the type bed, to impart
the second impression to said sheet, the form carried by the bed then passing
beneath the primary cylinder does not have contact with that cylinder, as both
of said cylinders are provided, as is customary, with automatic means for
alternately raising and lowering them at appropriate times.
-Each
This raising and lowering of these cylinders is accomplished as follows:-
cylinder has its sliding journal boxes seated upon springs, which springs are
housed in recesses in the side frames, and retained in position by means of spindles,
which are screwthreaded, and provided with nuts to adjust the resilient power
of said springs. The journal boxes at the opposite ends of the cylinders, are
each provided with a pair of vertical rods, which rods extend through said journal
boxes, are guided in suitable slots in the side frames, and have their lower euds
secured to vertically-sliding heads, that move in suitable guide-ways provided in
the side frames, and all of these rods have screw-threaded lower ends, furnished
with nuts, whereby the pressure of the cylinders upon the forms may be accurately
adjusted.
The cylinders are drawn downward into printing position by the action of
toggles, when said toggles are straightened, and are raised by the action of the
springs when said toggles are rocked out of alignment by means of a series of
rods, arms, and rock-shafts, operated by cams, termed impression cams, on the cam
shaft.
The cam shaft makes one revolution to two revolutions of the cylinders, and to
each complete reciprocation of the type bed, and the impression cams are so
positioned on the cam shaft, that one cam begins to straighten the toggles, to
depress the first impression cylinder, when the grippers of that cylinder are
seizing the sheet, so as to carry it onward to be printed; while the other cam
begins to operate to straighten the toggles, to depress the second impression
cylinder, as the grippers of that cylinder are moving away from the sheet-delivery
point, and are carrying the sheet onward for a second printing, the lowering of
each cylinder thus begun, being completed, to bring it into printing relation
thereto, just before it is engaged with its co-operative form on the bed.
So long as sheets are regularly fed from the table to the grippers of the primary
cylinder, these printing operations may proceed without interruption, and a sheet
will be perfected at each second revolution of the said cylinders; but it sometimes
happens in these rapidly operating mechanisms, that a feeder will fail to feed a
sheet to, or properly adjust one, so that it will be taken in to the machine by the
primary impression cylinder, and since, in case of the absence of a sheet on said
cylinder, it will result that the form on the type-bed will, if the primary
impression cylinder is brought into printing position, imprint au impression upon
the naked blanket carried by said cylinder, mechanism must be provided whereby
said cylinder shall be maintained out of printing relation to its form during any
revolution of it, when it carries no sheet; and since, if the primary cylinder has

page_text: made its active or printing revolution without being supplied with a sheet, there
will be a like absence of a sheet upon the secondary impression cylinder during its
succeeding printing revolution, when it ordinarily would be lowered into printing
position, said cylinder must also be maintained out of printing relation to the bed
during its said succeeding revolution. This maintaining of the two impression
cylinders out of printing position at such times as they are unprovided with a
sheet to be printed upon, is accomplished by a tripping mechanism, whereby the
toggle connecting rods, are tripped, so that during the appropriate revolution of
each of these cylinders, their toggles may not be straighte iel, to draw the cylinder
down into printing position.
The tripping mechanism will be so arranged to operate, that the primary
cylinder will be the first to trip, and that its tripping shall always be followed by
the tripping of the secondary cylinder, after it has printed the sheet then upon it,
and been raised out of printing position, thus insuring the perfecting of the sheet
then being acted upon by the secondary cylinder, and leaving both cylinders
raised for appropriate non-action in the absence of a sheet.
It is also necessary,
in order to secure a perfect operation of the cylinders, as well as a perfect
co-operation between them, that it shall only be possible to trip the primary
cylinder at an appropriate time, which is when the cylinder is raised out of printing
position, and at a time when it should receive a sheet, and that the primary
impression cylinder shall always come into printing position first, so that the
secondary cylinder, when it operates, shall always be furnished with a sheet.
To accomplish these results, the constantly revolving cam shaft, which carries
the impression cams, through which the toggles are automatically operated, to
raise and lower first one impression cylinder and then the other, and which makes
one evolution for each sheet fed, or during a complete reciprocation of the type-
bed, is provided with a tripping cam, that is capable of moving sidewise upon said
shaft, guided by a feather, which movement is accomplished by means of a tripping
rod. This tripping rod is seated upon a spring, and moves a treadle or rack lever
fast upon an oscillating shaft, that carries rock arms which enter a grooved collar
attached to the cam, this cam being thus moved inward by the rock arms, and
outward by the spring.
When moved inward, this cam, as it revolves, bears upon the inner ends of, &
depresses rock arms, which project from hubs that rock freely upon shafts, and
have offsets that abut against similar offsets on hubs, fast on said shafts, from which
extend rock aims, the latter arms being made separate pieces, so as to provided
for hand tripping by means of a suitably placed tripping rod and treadle lever,
which operate the rock shaft and arms, to throw the tripping cam into operative
position.
The movement of the first pair of rock arms is thus transmitted to the second
pair of rock arms, which thus act to lift the hooked ends of connecting rods, free
from the studs on the ends of the toggle rock arms, and these operations are so
timed, that this tripping cam will disconnect said rods, just before the impression
cams respectively begin the operation of throwing the toggles into alignment,
whereby one or the other cylinder would be lowered into printing position. When
this tripping cam is free to do so, it is moved outward by the spring and becomes
inactive, and it then revolves with the cam shaft, but at one side of, and therefore
inoperatively with relation to the first rock arms.
When tripped, the primary impression cylinder will remain raised out of printing
position, and the secondary impression cylinder will also remain raised, and the
two cylinders will be maintained in such raised positions so long as the tripping
rod and treadle lever are depressed.
In order that the tripping cam may be moved laterally inward, to carry its
enlarged part into operative relation to the first pair of rock arms before
mentioned, said arms are so positioned that normally their inner ends are a little
further away from the cain shaft than is the low part of the cam, and as said cam,
when operative, turns in a different ve tical plane, aud, when operative, turns in

page_text: •
the same vertical plane in which said arms vibrate, and slides laterally outward
from one position to the other, it follows that it can only be moved over the ends
of, and into operative relation to, said rock arms, when, during its rotation, its low
part is laterally opposite said arms, and the relative extent of the enlarged and low
parts of said cam is such, and the enlarged part of the cam is so related to the
said rock arms in their normal positions, that the cam can only be moved past said
rock arms, for engagement therewith, after the rear end of the enlarged part has
cleared the position of one rock arm, and before the leading end of its enlarged
part arrives at the position of the other rock arm, and thus it must always first
engage the rock arm that moves the tripping devices of the primary cylinder, anl
then, in proper time, engage the rock arm that moves the tripping devices of the
secondary cylinder. This tripping cam makes one revolution to two revolutions of
the impression cylinders, and as the rock arms are normally so related to it, that
while about a quarter revolution of the cam will take place between the contact of
its enlarged part with one rock arm, and, its subsequent engagement with the other
rock arm, and consequently between the tripping of the primary and secondary
cylinders, said tripping cam can only be moved into action during about a sixth of a
revolution of it, for the reason that when the rear end of its enlarged part has
cleared the plane occupied by the other arm, the head or leading end of its enlarged
part will have arrived in such relation to the first arm, that a further sixth
revolution of it will bring said leading end at the plane occupied by this rock arm.
The lateral movement of the cam. to produce the tripping action, can therefore
only be made after its enlarged part has passed the end of the second rock arm,
which acts upon the tripping devices of the secondary cylinder, and before the
leading end of its enlarged part has reached the inner end of the first rock arm,
which acts upon the tripping devices of the primary cylinder, and then only while
said cam is making about a sixth of a revolution, during which the impression
cylinders will make about a one third revolution.
When, however, the leading portion of the enlarged part of this cam passes the
inner end of the first rock arm, without that cam having been moved sideways into
engagement with said rock arm, it will of course be too late to slide the cam, since
it will then abut laterally against said rock arm, and thus be prevented from
moving past it, and hence there can be no tripping action through either rock arm
until the enlarged part of the cam has passed the inner ends of both of the rock
arms, and again presents its low part to them
When, as in case of failure to provide it with a sheet, it becomes necessary to
trip the cylinder, so as to maintain it, out of printing position, its companion
cylinder will also be held in a raised position at the proper sequential time.
The concerted movement of the tripping and impression cams is so timed with
relation to the rotation of the cylinders, that the low part of the cam is only in
position to enable it to be moved sideways over the rock arms during that third
revolution of the cylinder when the grippers are approaching and passing beyond
the sheet feeding point.
From the foregoing it will be seen that the primary cylinder will always be
tripped first, and that when it has been tripped, the secondary cylinder must also
be tripped during its next alternating revolution; this is requisite, because the
tripping of the primary cylinder occurs when that cylinder has not taken a sheet
during their coinciding revolutions, when the secondary cylinder is carrying and
perfecting a sheet, while during its succeeding revolution this secondary cylinder
will be without a sheet, not having received one from the primary cylinder.
It will also appear, that after these cylinders have been successively tripped, the
primary cylinder will always be the first to return to printing position, through the
withdrawal of the cam, followed by the secondary cylinder, and this is requisite,
because it is the primary cylinder to which is fed the sheet to be printed, first on
one side by the primary, and then on the other side by the secondary cylinder, and
if the secondary cylinder was the first to be brought into printing position, it could
not then have received a sheet from the primary cylinder, and hence it is that the

page_text: Ked against withdrawal until the primary cylinder once tripped, is
again carried into position to take a sheet.
It is essential that the tripping mechanism, when once set into operation, shall
effectively operate to retain the primary cylinder raised out of printing position,
and continue to so operate until the entire motion is completed with respect to both
cylinders.
The first tripping rock arm actuates an auxiliary rock arm, and the second
tripping rock arm actuates a similar auxiliary rock arm, and these rock arms
respectively engage collars provided on rods that respectively depend from rock
arms projecting from the opposite ends of the rock shaft. Thus, when the treadle
lever is moved, and the cum is entered into even slight engagement with the first
rock arm, and said arm is rocked to lift the rod, the first auxiliary rock arm at once
engages and lifts a rod, and thus forces, through the intermediate devices, the
tripping can all the way inward, and thus supplements to completion any partial
movement of the cam caused by a faulty foot movement of the operator, and when
the high part of the cam engages the second rock arm, its auxiliary rock arm is
lifted to press against the collar on a rod with like effect; these rock arms thus
successively continue to bear upwardly upon the rods, and press inwardly the
shifting arms, until the high part of the cam has passed the second rock arm,
thereby preventing the withdrawal of the tripping cam from engagement with its
operating rock arın.
In inking up the forms, and when repeated failures to properly feed a sheet
occur, this tripping mechanism may be continued in action for any necessary
period.
It is further important that a means shall be provided for raising either
impression cylinder by hand tripping, so as to remove the cylinders from their
printing positions, while making the forms ready for printing, by providing the
shafts to which the rock arms are secured, with hand levers, which actuate the
said shafts, and, through them, the toggles.
But it is necessary that this hand-tripping shall not occur during the printing
period of either cylinder. To govern this hand tripping, a safety guard is
mounted fast upon the cam shaft, so as to make turn for turn with the impression
cams and tripping cam, and it has a rim that is normally opposed to lozenge shaped
studs projecting from the sides of the hand levers, which rim is provided with an
opening or omitted part so proportioned and related to the cams, as to provide for
the passage of the studs, and hence for the hand movement of the levers, only
during the non-printing movement of the cylinders, at which time the impression
cams operate the toggles for the regular printing operation, and the cam may trip
the toggles.
Another branch of this invention relates to means for ensuring a perfect
registration of the printed matter upon the perfected sheets which are produced by
the aforesaid machines, which operate as before mentioned, so that while one
cylinder is down in printing relation to the bed, its companion is up, out of such
printing relation.
When the second cylinder is thus raised, the difference between the centres of
its driving wheel and that of its companion cylinder, is so increased, as to allow so
much play between the teeth of these wheels, that there results an imperfect
transfer of the sheet from cylinder to cylinder, and an inaccurate register of the
two printed sides.
This branch of the improvements consists in providing the driving wheels of the
second impression cylinder with segments, the sum of whose pitch-radii substantially
equals the increased distance between the centres of said driving wheels, the teeth
of which segments being thus caused to fit each other without play, ensure an
accurate transfer and register.
When the once-printed sheet is being transferred from the first cylinder to the
second cylinder, to be clamped thereon, it is essential, for perfect work, that the
relation this cylinder then has to the first cylinder shall be maintained, in order

page_text: that a true register of the matter printed upon the opposite surfaces of the sheet
may be attained.
In order to prevent any play between the driving wheels of the cylinder, at the
time when that cylinder is raised and the sheet is being transferred to it from the
first cylinder, whence would result an imperfect transfer and inaccurate register,
the driving wheels are provided with segments for maintaining the exact required
relation of these wheels, at the time when the second cylinder is raised, and their
teeth are separated a considerable distance.
These segments are secured to the rims of the driving wheels at such points
thereof, and are of such circumferential extent, that while the second cylinder is
raised, and is making so much of that revolution in which its grippers are
approaching the transfer point and are receiving the once printed sheet from the
first cylinder, said segments (whose pitch lines are of greater circumference than
those of the driving wheels) are intermeshed and accurately fitting each other, and
operate to hold the driving wheels in accurate co-relation, and to prevent play
between the separated teeth of the said driving wheels, thus securing a such perfect
transfer of the sheet to the second cylinder, as will bring its portion printed,
while carried by the second cylinder, into accurate register with the portion
previously printed or while the sheet was carried by the first cylinder.
Although these segments are required to be intermeshed only at each second
revolution of the second cylinder, and while that cylinder is raised, it is obvious,
since they are enlarged with respect to the driving wheels, that they must clear
themselves on the alternate revolutions of this cylinder, as otherwise they would
prevent its being lowered into printing position with respect to the bed.
To accomplish this, one of the driving wheels is made of such proportion to the
other, that it makes three revolutions, while the latter is making two. Hence
the segment carried by the first driving wheel which was in gear with the segment
carried by the other or cylinder-driving wheel, on its first revolution, or during the
sheet-transferring operation, will make one and a half revolutions, and thus be
opposite to it, as the cylinder or driving wheel makes its second revolution.
Dated this 18th day of November 1895.
NEWTON & SON,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in Bed and Cylinder Printing Machines.
I, HENRY EDWARD NEWTON of The Office for Patents, 6 Bream's Buildings,
Chancery Lane, in the County of London, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :—
One brauch of this invention relates to that class of such printing machines
in which two rotating impression cylinders co-operate with a flat reciprocating
type bed, that carries two printing forms, and more especially to such of these
machines us are provided with a single feed table and one delivery mechanism,
and have their impression cylinders furnished with means for transferring the
sheets from the primary to the secondary cylinder, so that such sheet may be
perfected while passing continuously through the machine; but this invention
may also be applied to such printing machines when they are provided with
means for feeding sheets to each of their impression cylinders and with two
deliveries, and operate to print two sheets with one impression each.
'
In these machines, the cylinders must be alternately lowered into printing
position, so that each may produce an impression during every second revolution,
and during its. alternating revolution, each cylinder must be raised out of printing

page_text: relation to the bed, so as to avoid contact with the printing form then passing
beneath it, which is a time when the cylinder does not carry a sheet to be printed.
This alternate raising and lowering action of the cylinders is automatically
performed, and a machine equipped with means for accomplishing it, will properly
perform so long as sheets are regularly fed to it; but in consequence of the
possibility of failing to feed the sheets regularly, or other defective action, it is
requisite that this raising and lowering mechanism shall be within the control of
the feeder, and a tripping of the said mechanism be possible at such times as will
prevent any improper action of the machine.
To this end, the present invention consists in a tripping mechanism of such
improved construction,, that it may not only operate to control the vertical
movements of the cylinders independently of their automatic action, but be capable
of operating only at such times as the cylinders may properly be so acted upon,
and then first upon the primary impression cylinder, and thereafter upon the
secondary impression cylinder.
It also embraces specific constructions and combinations of parts for carrying it.
into practical effect, and means for ensuring the perfect bringing of the parts, when
once tripped, into action, and for locking them against untimely operation.
These improvements are so particularly hereinafter explained at length, and
specified in the claims, as to need no further preliminary description.
A practical embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings,
in which
Figure 1 is a side elevation, as seen from the gear side of the machine, of so
much of a double-cylinder flat-bed printing machine as is requisite to illustrate the
present invention. In this view, such of the lower parts as would obscure others
more important to be illustrated are broken away upon the section line c, d of
Figure 2, and some of the gearing is shown in dotted lines only.
Figure 2 is a transverse sectional elevation of the same machine on the line α, b
of Figure 1, as seen looking toward the impression cylinders.
Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional plan view.
Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are enlarged side elevations of the cylinder-raising
and lowering mechanisms, and of the tripping mechanism, as seen from the gear
side of the machine.
་
Figure 10 is a plan view of the parts shown in Figure 9, taken on the sectional
line of said Figure 9; and
Figure 11 is a side elevation of the same parts.
Figures 12 to 19 are diagrams illustrating the parts shown in various positions
which they have during a complete reciprocation of the type bed.
The printing machine illustrated is, in its general characteristics, of the common.
type of machine. It consists of two rotating impression cylinders A, B, and a flat
reciprocating type-bed T, which co-operates therewith in producing the impressions
necessary to perfect a sheet. The primary impression cylinder A, and the secondary
impression cylinder B, are each mounted in the framework, so as to be capable of
veitical movement, which is attained by mounting their shafts in journal boxes
constructed to slide between guides which are provided in the side frames.
These cylinders A and B are respectively provided with sheet-carrying grippers or
fingers 20, 21 of ordinary construction, which are rocked to close and seize the
sheet in order to hold and carry it upon the surface of the cylinder, and rocked to
open and release the beet, when it is to be delivered by the primary to the
secondary cylinder, or by the secondary cylinder to the delivery devices which
carry it out of the machine.
The cylinders A, B, are so positioned as to be nearly in contact, and they are
rotated in unison by means of wheels 50, 60, which do not gear together, but
respectively mesh with intermediates 52, 53, which are geared together, and the.
former of which gears with, and imparts motion to, the double-faced pinion 54 on
the outer end of the oscillating shaft 12, at the opposite or inner end of which shaft.
is carried the bed driving pinion 14.

page_text: The type bed T horizontally reciprocates upon rollers carried by sliders S in
ways W, as is usual, and it is provided centrally with a hanger, as 61, which
supports a double faced rack R, with which said pinion 14 engages. At each end
of this rack R, it is provided with curved shoes L, forming guide-ways, which,
when engaged by the elongated inner end of the shaft 12, directs said shaft upward
at one end, and downward at the other end of each stroke of the bed, and thus
carries the pinion 14 from the lower to the upper, and from the upper to the lower
side of the double-faced rack It, so that it will drive the rack, and hence the bed,
first in one direction, and then in the other, the size of the pinion 14, in this
instance, being such, that it makes four revolutions to one complete reciprocation
of the type-bed. This shaft 12 is hung at its outer end in a journal box that is
provided with oppositely-projecting studs 22, 23, which turn in bearings 74, 75,
secured to the side frame. It is thus capable of vertical oscillation in the guide G,
in which movement the double-faced pinion 54 it carries, first engages its one face,
and then its other face with the wheel 52. The main driving shaft 62, which will
be provided with the usual driving pulleys, is mounted in one side frame, and
carries, outside the frame, a driving pinion 55 (of 16 teeth), which meshes with
the toothed wheel (an intermediate) that gears with the cylinder 52 (of 64 teeth),
said wheel 52, in turn, gearing with the wheel 53 (an intermediate), and the latter
with the cylinder wheel 60 (of 64 teeth). On its inner end, said driving shaft
carries a driving pinion 56 (of 20 teeth), which gears with a wheel 57 (of 50 teeth)
that is mounted on a stud and carries a pinion 58 (of 20 teeth), which engages a
wheel 59 (of 64 teeth) that is fast upon and drives the cam shaft 13.
The main shaft 62 thus drives both the cylinders and the bed, and the relation
of the gearing is such, that the bed-driving shaft 12 makes four revolutions to one
of the cam shaft 13. Of course, any other gearing might be adopted for moving
these various parts concertedly.
The type bed T is provided with two forms necessary to print the opposite
sides of a sheet, which forms are inked by suitable inking devices I, J, provided at
the outer sides of the impression cylinders, and arranged in position to suitably
ink the forms on the bed as they pass beneath them. A feed board C is provided,
from which the sheets may be successively fed to the grippers 20 of the primary
cylinder A, and a delivery mechanism, as the guiding conductors 81 and endless
carrying tapes 80, for receiving the perfected sheets from the grippers 21 of the
secondary cylinder, and delivering them in succession from the machine.
It will now be understood that a sheet fed from the table C against the drop
guides 83, to be taken by the grippers 20 of the primary impression cylinder A,
as in Figures 12, 13, 14, will, when carried by said cylinder into contact with the
appropriate form on the type bed T, be printed upon one side, as in Figures 15, 16,
while the bed is travelling in the direction indicated by the dotted arrow in
Figure 1, and then be delivered to the grippers 21 of the secondary impression
cylinder B, as in Figure 17, and be printed upon the opposite side by that cylinder
from the appropriate form on the type-bed, as in Figures 18, 19, 12, while the
latter is travelling in the direction indicated by the full-lined arrow, as in Figure 1,
and that when the grippers 21 carrying this perfected sheet arrive at a convenient
point beneath the feed board C, said grippers will be opened to release this sheet
to the delivery mechanism, as in Figures 13, 14, 15.
"
In Figure 12, the mechanisms are in the positions which they have when the
grippers of the primary cylinder are closely approaching the sheet seizing point,
and just previous to the time when they close to take a sheet from the feed board C,
which is also the time when the secondary cylinder is about to discharge a
perfected sheet to the delivery mechanism, Figure 13 showing an intermediate
position, and Figure 14 the position of the parts at the moment when the grippers
are closed upon the sheet.
The two forms on the type bed are imposed in opposite directions, and during
the making of the first impression or printing upon one side of the sheet, the
cylinders A and B each make one revolution, and the type-bed makes a movement

page_text: in the direction of the dotted arrow, Fig. 1, the sheet being carried by the primary
cylinder A, and pressed into contact with the right hand form carried by the
type-bed, as in Figs. 15, 16, during which printing operation, the cylinder B,
being raised, revolves out of printing position, and when, during this revolution
of the two cylinders, their grippers 20 and 21 meet, and pass a common point, the
grippers 20 open to release the once-printed sheet, and the grippers 21 close to
seize this sheet, and carry it around upon the secondary cylinder B, as in Fig. 17.
During the next revolution of the said cylinders A and B, at which time the type-
bed makes its movement in the direction of the full-lined arrow, the cylinder B,
then lowered into printing position, presses the unprinted face of the once-printe 1
sheet into contact with the left-hand form carried by the type-bed, as in
Figures 18, 19, 12, and the cylinder A, then raised, revolves out of printing
position, the two cylinders thus being actively engaged in printing only during
alternate revolutions of them.
Now in order that, when the primary impression cylinder A is co-operating with
the type bed T, to impart the first impression to the sheet, the form carried by the
bed then passing beneath the secondary cylinder B, may not have contact with
that cylinder, and that when the second impression cylinder B is co-operating with
the type bed T, to impart the second impression to said sheet, the form carried by
the bed then passing beneath the primary cylinder A, may not have contact
with that cylinder, both of said cylinders are provided, as is customary,
with automatic means for alternately raising and lowering them at appropriate
times.
This raising and lowering of these cylinders is accomplished as follows:-Each
cylinder has its sliding journal boxes seated upon springs, as 63, 64, which springs
are housed in recesses in the side frames, and retained in position by means of
spindles, as 85, 86, which are screw-threaded, and provided with nuts to adjust the
resilent power of said springs. The joural boxes at the opposite ends of the
cylinder A are each provided with a pair of vertical rods 65, 66, and the journal
boxes at the opposite ends of the cylinder B are each provided with a pair of
vertical rods 67, 68, which rods extend through said journal boxes, are guided in
suitable slots in the side frames, and have their lower ends secured to vertically-
sliding heads 69, 70, that move in suitable guide-ways provided in the side frames,
and all of these rods have screw-threaded lower ends furnished with nuts
whereby the pressure of the cylinders upon the forms may be accurately
adjusted.
The cylinders are drawn downward into printing position by the action of
toggles, as 3, 4, and 5, 6, when said toggles are straightened, and are raised by the
action of the springs 63, 64, when said toggles are rocked out of alignment. The
members 3, 5 of the toggles are pivoted to the side frames, and the members 4, 6
of the toggles project from rock shafts 17, 18, whose bearings rock in the sliding
heads 69, 70, that are duplicated in the opposite side frames of the machine, and
from which rock shafts, at one side of the machine, depend rock arms 15, 16,
through which said rock shafts are actuated by means of connecting rods 24, 25,
which have hooked ends, so that they may be engaged with, and disengaged from,
studs at the ends of said rock arms 15, 16. Each of these connecting rods 24, 25,
is a prolongation of a yoke, as 28, 29, both of which yokes embrace and are guided
by the cam shaft 13, and these yokes are each provided with pairs of friction
rollers, as 7, 9 and 1, 2, which are respectively engaged by the impression
cams 26, 27, which cams, being fast on said shaft 13, and of like shape and
alignment, cause the connecting rods 24, 25, to concertedly reciprocate.
Normally, the connecting rods 24, 25, have their hooked ends engaged with the
studs on the rock arms 15, 16, as in Figure 4, and it therefore results that as the
cam shaft 13 revolves, the toggles 3, 4, and 5, 6, are alternately rocked out of-
alignment, to permit a cylinder to rise out of printing position (see cylinder A in
Figure 1), and into alignment, to draw a cylinder downward into printing position
(see cylinder B in Figures 1 and 12). The cam shaft 13 makes one revolution to-
B

page_text: two revolutions of the cylinders A, B, and to each complete reciprocation of the
type-bed, and the impression cams 26, 27 are so positioned on the cam shaft 13,
that the cam 26 begins to straighten the toggles 3, 4, to depress the impression
cylinder A, when the grippers 20 of that cylinder are seizing the sheet, as in
Figure 14, so as to carry it onward to be printed; while the cam 27 begins
to operate, to straighten the toggles 5, 6, to depress the impression cylinder B, as
the grippers 21 of that cylinder are moving away from the sheet-delivery point,
and are carrying the sheet onward for a second printing, as in Figure 17, the
lowering of each cylinder thus begun, being completed to bring it into printing
relation thereto just before it is engaged with its co-operative form on the bed.
The movements are also so timed that when the primary cylinder A is pressing a
sheet into contact with one form upon the type bed, and printing the first
impression thereon, the toggles 3, 4, will be straightened, so as to depress the said
cylinder into printing position, and at the same time the toggles 5, 6, will be
thrown out of alignment, so as to permit the cylinder B to be raised out of printing
position (see Figure 15), and when this sheet is carried upon the secondary
impression cylinder B, and is being pressed by it into contact with the other form
upon the type bed, and thus printed with its second impression, the said toggles 5, 6,
will be straightened, so as to depress the cylinder B into printing position with
respect to this form, and the toggles 3, 4 will be thrown out of alignment, so as to
permit the primary cylinder to be raised out of printing position with respect
to the other form, and thus prevent its contact there with (see Fig. 18). The
latter positions of the toggles are shown in Figure 1, where the parts are in the
positions they have at the time when the primary impression cylinder is about to
receive a sheet, and the secondary impression cylinder is just finishing its impression
and the type-bed is travelling in the direction of the full-line arrow. So long as
sheets are regularly fed from the table C to the grippers 20 of the primary
cylinder A, these printing operations may proceed without interruption, and a
sheet will be perfected at each second revolution of the said cylinders A and B ;
but it sometimes happens, in these rapidly-operating mechanisms, that a feeder will
fail to feed a sheet to or properly adjust one, so that it will be taken in to
the machine by the grippers 20 of the primary impression cylinder A, and since,
in the case of the absence of a sheet on said cylinder, it will result that the form
on the type bed will, if the primary impression cylinder is brought into printing
position, imprint an impression upon the naked blanket carried by said cylinder,
mechanism must be provided whereby said cylinder shall be maintained out
of printing relation to its form during any revolution of it when it carries no sheet,
and since, if the primary cylinder A has made its active or printing revolution
without being supplied with a sheet, there will be a like absence of a sheet upon
the secondary impression B during its succeeding printing revolution, when it
ordinarily would be lowered into printing position, said cylinder B must also
be maintained out of printing relation to the bed during its said succeeding
revolution. This maintaining of the two impression cylinders out of printing
position at such times as they are unprovided with a sheet to be printed upon, is
accomplished by a tripping mechanisin, whereby the toggle connecting rods 24, 25,
are tripped, so that during the appropriate revolution of each of these cylinders,
their toggles may not be straightened to draw the cylinder down into printing
position.
In practical operation, if the grippers of the cylinder A fail to take a sheet
during the printing rotation of that cylinder, the toggles of that cylinder, as has
been shown, must be tripped, so that it will remain out of printing position,
and since the secondary cylinder, which, at this time, when irregular action
has required the tripping movement to be made, will be operating to complete the
printing upon or perfecting a previous sheet already received by it from the
primary cylinder,-(see Figures 19, 12, 13), it becomes necessary that the tripping
mechanism shall be so arranged to operate that the primary cylinder A will be the
first to trip, and that its tripping shall always be followed by the tripping of

page_text: the second cylinder after it has printed the sheet then upon it, and been raised out
of printing position, thus ensuring the perfecting of the sheet then being acted
upon by the secondary cylinder, and leaving both cylinders raised for appropriate
non-action in the absence of a sheet. It is also necessary, in order to secure
a perfect operation of the cylinders, as well as a perfect co-operation between
them, that it shall only be possible to trip the primary cylinder at an appropriate
time, which is, when the cylinder is raised out of printing position, and at a time
when it should receive a sheet, and that the primary impression cylinder A shall
always come into printing position first, so that the secondary cylinder, when
it operates, sball always be furnished with a sheet.
To accomplish these results, the constantly revolving cam shaft 13, which
carries the impression cams 26, 27, through which the toggles are automatically
operated to raise and lower first one impression cylinder and then the other,
and which makes one revolution for each sheet fed, or during a complete
reciprocation of the type bed, is provided with a tripping cam 30, that is capable of
moving sidewise upon said shaft, guided by a feather 8, which movement is
accomplished by means of a tripping rod 37. This tripping rod 37 is seated upon
a spring 38, and moves a treadle or rock lever 39 fast upon an oscillating shaft 40,
that carries rock arms 41, 42, which enter a grooved collar attached to the cam 30,
this cam being thus moved inward by the rock arms 41, 42, and outward by the
spring 38.
When moved inward, this cam 30, as it revolves, bears upon the inner ends of,
and depresses, rock arms 31; 32, which project from hubs that rock freely upon
shafts 10, 11, and have offsets that abut against similar offsets on hubs, fast on
said shafts, from which extend rock arms 33, 34,-the said arms 33, 34, being made
separate pieces, so as to provide for the hand-tripping hereinafter explained. The
movement of the rock arms 31, 32, is thus transmitted to the rock arms 33, 34,
which thus act to lift the hooked ends of the connecting rods 24, 25, free from the
studs on the ends of the toggle rock arms 15, 16, and these operations are so timed,
that this cam 30 will disconnect said rods 24, 25, just before the impression
cams 26, 27, respectively begin the operation of throwing the toggles into align-
ment, whereby one or the other cylinder would be lowered into printing position.
When this tripping cam 30 is free to do so, it is moved outward by the spring 38,
and becomes inactive, and it then revolves with the cam shaft, but at one side of,
and therefore inoperatively with relation to, the arms 31, 32.
To perform the tripping operation, the tripping rod 37 is depressed; thus,
through the treadle lever 39, the rock shaft 40, and its rock arms 41, 42, throwing
the tripping cam 30 laterally into the vertical plane of, or in aligument with, the
studs or bowls on the inner ends of the arms 31, 32, as in Figure 4; and as this
cam constantly revolves in the direction indicated by the arrow, its high part will
bear upon the inner end of the rock arm 31, raise the rock arm 33, lift the
connecting rod 24, and disengage its hooked end from the rock arm 15, as in
Figure 6. This causes the rod 24, when moved by the cam 26, to pass ineffectively
over the rock arm 15, thus leaving the primary cylinder in its raised or non-
printing position, during which movement of the rod 24 its companion rod 25 will
have diawn the rock arm 16 inwardly, thus throwing the toggles 5, 6, out of
alignment, and allowing the secondary inipression cylinder to be raised, which
movement is shown in Figure 6. When, however, the high part of the tripping
cam 30, during this same rotation of it, reaches and bears upon the inner end of the
rock arm 32, which is before the connecting rod 25 begins its return movement,
said rock arm 32 will be actuated to raise the rock arm 34, to lift the hooked end
of the rod 35 out of engagement with the rock arm 16, and thus disconnect these
parts, as in Figure 6, so that during its return or outward movement, this rod 25
will pass ineffectively over the arm 16. Thus, when tripped, the primary
impression cylinder A will remain raised out of printing position, and the
secondary impression cylinder B will also remain raised, and the two cylinders

page_text: will be maintained in such raised positions so long as the tripping rod 37 and
treadle lever 39 are depressed.
In order that the tripping cam 30 may be moved laterally inward to carry its
enlarged part into operative relation to the rock arms 31, 32, said arms are so
positioned that normally their inner ends are a little further away from the cam
shaft 13 than is the low part of the cam, and as said cam, when inoperative, turns
in a different vertical plane, and when operative, turns in the same vertical plane
in which said arms vibrate, and slides laterally outward from one position to the
other. it follows that it can only be moved over the ends of, and into operative
relation to, said rock arms, when, during its rotation, its low part is laterally
opposite said arms, as in Figs. 1, 4, 19, 12, and 13, and the relative extent of the
enlarged and low parts of said cam is such, and the enlarged part of the cam is so
related to the said rock arms in their normal positions, that the cam can only be
moved past said rock arms for engagement therewith, after the rear end of the
enlarged part has cleared the position of the rock arm 32 (as is about to be
accomplished in Figure 8), and before the leading end of its enlarged part arrives
at the position of the rock arm 31 (as is about to be accomplished in Figure 4), and
thus it must always first engage the rock arm 31 that moves the tripping devices of
the primary cylinder, and then in proper time engage the rock arm 32 that moves the
tripping devices of the secondary cylinder. This tripping cam makes one revolu-
tion to two revolutions of the impression cylinders, and as the arms 31, 32, are
normally so related to it, that while about a quarter revolution of the cam will
take place between the contact of its enlarged part with the rock arm 31, and its
subsequent engagement with the rock arm 32, and consequently between the
tripping of the primary and secondary cylinders, said tripping cam 30 can only
be moved into action during about a sixth of a revolution of it, for the reason that
when the rear end of its enlarged part has cleared the plane occupied by the
arm 32, the head or leading end of its enlarged part will have arrived in such
relation to the arm 31, that a further sixth revolution of it will bring said
leading end at the plane occupied by the rock arm 31. The lateral movement
of the cam 30, to produce the tripping action, can therefore only be made after its
enlarged pait has passed the end of the rock arm 32, which acts upon the tripping
devices of the secondary cylinder, and before the leading end of its enlarged part
has reached the inner end of the rock arm 31, which acts upon the tripping devices
of the primary cylinder, and then only while said cam is making about a sixth of
a revolution, during which, the impression cylinders will make about a one-third
revolution.
When, however, the leading portion of the enlarged part of this cam passes the
inner end of the rock arm 31 without that cam having been moved sideways into
engagement with said rock arm, it will of course be too late to slide the cam, since
it will then abut laterally against said rock arm, and thus be prevented from
moving past it, and hence there can be no tripping action through either rock arm
until the enlarged part of the cam has passed the inner ends of both of the rock
arms 31, 32, and again presents its low pait to them, as in Figures 4 and 19.
When, as in case of failure to provide it with a sheet, it becomes necessary to
trip the cylinder A, so as to maintain it out of printing position, its companion
cylinder B will also be held in a raised position at the proper sequential time.
This tripping action may be accomplished, as has been shown, during about a
third of a revolution of the impression cylinders, or while the low part of the
tripping can 30 is presented to the rock arms 31, 32, but its position relative to
the impression cams 26, 27, is such, that the cam 26 will act upon the rod 24 very
shortly after the leading end of the cam 30 reaches a point where, if it has been
moved into the same vertical plane, it will previously act upon the rock arm 31,
and uncouple the rod 24. The concerted movement of these cams 30, 26, and 27,
is so timed with relation to the rotation of the cylinders, that the low part of the
cam 30 is only in position to enable it to be moved sideways over the rock

page_text: arms 31, 32, during that third revolution of the cylinder A when the grippers 20
are approaching and passing beyond the sheet-feeding point where said grippers
close to take a sheet from the feed board C, which movement is substantially
shown by Figures 19, 12, 13 and 14; and the mechanisms are also so timed, that
the extent of travel of said grippers beyond the feeding point, during which the
tripping may be effected, shall not be too great for the reason that the tripping
must be effected before the impression cam 26 begins to move the rod 24 to
straighten the toggles 3, 4, to depress the cylinder A into printing position, which
depression of it. when no tripping is required, should be begun immediately after
the grippers 20 have taken a sheet at said feeding point, because such depression
is slowly made while the cylinder turns considerably, and must be completed just
before the head of the sheet meets the form which is to print upon it, as in
Figure 15.
From the foregoing it will be seen, that the primary cylinder will always be
tripped first, and that when it has been tripped, the secondary cylinder must also
be tripped during its next alternating revolution; this is requisite, because the
tripping of the primary cylinder occurs when that cylinder has not taken a sheet
during their coinciding revolutions when the secondary cylinder is carrying and
perfecting a sheet, as in Figures 18, 19, 12, 13, while, during its succeeding
revolution, this secondary cylinder will be without a sheet, not having received
one from the primary cylinder.
It will also appear that after these cylinders have been successively tripped, the
primary cylinder will always be the first to return to printing position, through the
withdrawal of the cam 30, followed by the secondary cylinder, and this is requisite
because it is the primary cylinder to which is fed the sheet to be printed, first on
one side by the primary and then on the other side by the secondary cylinder, and
if the secondary cylinder was the first to be brought into printing position, it could
not then have received a sheet from the primary cylinder, and hence it is that the
cam 30 must be locked against withdrawal until the primary cylinder, once tripped,
is again carried into position to take a sheet.
It is essential that the tripping mechanism, when once set into operation, shall
effectively operate to retain the primary cylinder raised out of printing position,
and continue to so operate until the entire motion is completed with respect to both
cylinders
The tripping rock arm 31 actuates an auxiliary rock arm 35, and the tripping
rock arm 32 actuates a similar auxiliary rock arm 36, and these rock arms 35, 36,
respectively engage collars provided on rods 45, 46, that respectively depend from
rock arms 43, 44, projecting from the opposite ends of the rock shaft 40. Thus,
when the treadle lever 39 is moved, and the cam 30 is entered into even slight
engagement with the rock arm 31, and said arm is rocked to lift the rod 24, the
auxiliary rock arm 35 at once engages and lifts the rod 45, and thus forces,
through the intermediate devices, the tripping cam 30 all the way inward, and
thus supplements to completion any partial movement of the cam caused by a faulty
foot movement of the operator, and when the high part of the cam 30 engages the
rock arm 32, the auxiliary rock arm 36 is lifted to press against the collar on the
rod 46 with like effect; these arms 35, 36, thus successively continue to bear
upwardly upon the rods 45, 46, and press inwardly the arms 41, 42, until the high
part of the cam has passed the rock arm 32, thereby preventing the with-
drawal of the tripping cam 30 from engagement with its operating rock arm 31
or 32 so long as one of the rods 24 or 25 is held by its rock arm 31 or 32
disconnected from the rock arm 15 or 16 of the toggles. By these arrangements,
a timely, as well as a complete tripping of both cylinders in their appropriate
order is secured, and the tripping cam, once set into operation, is moved into
and locked in position during its entire period of active operation.
In making the tripping action, the foot lever 37 is quickly depressed, to set the
parts into action, which action, as has been explained, will, when once begun, be
carried out in proper time with respect to both cylinders. If, after such tripping action,

page_text: a sheet is properly fed to and taken by the grippers of the primary cylinder A, when
next in position to receive a sheet, and the foot lever 37 having in the meantime
been released, the cam 30 will, after it has been compelled to complete its action,
be moved by the spring 38 into its inactive position, the connecting rods 24, 25 will
engage the rock arms 15, 16, and the printing operation will regularly proceed,-the
cylinders A and B being automatically raised and lowered until the necessity
arises for another tripping action, which will be accomplished as has been
explained.
In inking up the forms, and when repeated failures to properly feed a sheet
occur, this tripping mechanism may be continued in action for any necessary
period.
It is further important that a means shall be provided for raising either
impression cylinder by hand tripping, so as to remove the cylinders from their
This is accom-
printing positions while making the forms ready for printing.
plished by elongating the shafts 10, 11, to which the rock arms 31, 32 are secured,
so that they protrude beyond, or extend conveniently near to the side frame, and
providing them with hand levers H, P, which, upon being appropriately moved,
will rock said shafts, to trip and uncouple the rod 24 or 25, thus permitting the
toggles to be rocked out of alignment, and a cylinder to be raised by the action of
the spring 63 or 64.
But it is necessary that this hand tripping shall not occur during the printing
period of either cylinder. To govern this hand tripping, a safety guard N is
mounted fast upon the cam shaft 13, so as to make turn for turn with the
impression cams 26, 27, and tripping cam 30, and it has a rim that is normally
opposed to lozenge shaped studs o, e, projecting from the sides of the levers H, P,
which rim is provided with an opening or omitted part so proportioned and related
to the cams 26, 27, 30, as to provide for the passage of the studs o, e, and hence
for the hand movement of the levers H, P, only during the non-printing
movement of the cylinders, at which time the impression cams 26, 27 operate
the toggles for the regular printing operation, and the cam 30 may trip the toggles.
It will be observed that if the impression cams 26, 27, are alone active, the rock
arms 31, 32 are not moved, and hence their shafts are not rocked, but when the
cam 30 is brought into action by the foot tripping, these arms 31, 32, acting
through the 1ock arms 33, 34, rock their shafts 10, 11, aud throw the levers H, P,,
inward, the studs o and e of which levers are then moved through the opening in
said guaid and thereafter travel against its inner periphery, as in Figure 7, until
the cam 30, being free to move sideways, the normal position of the levers is
attained. So, also, when hand moved, the studs of these levers H, P, will
similarly travel within the guard, and be appropriately released and restored to
their normal positions.
Another branch of this invention relates to means for ensuring a perfect
registration of the printed matter upon the perfected sheets which are produced by
the aforesaid machines.
In such machines, there are two impression cylinders continuously revolving in
Each of
opposite directions in co-operation with their reciprocating type-bed
the cylinders prints during each second revolution, and rises and falls with respect
to the bed passing beneath it, so that while one cylinder is down in printing
relation to the bed, its companion is up out of such printing relation. Each
sheet fed to and carried by the grippers of the first impression cylinder, while
being printed upon one side, has to be transferred to the grippers 4 of the
second cylinder, in order to be seized and carried by that cylinder and printed
upou the other side, and at the time of this transfer, the second cylinder is
raised out of contact with the form which is then travelling in the opposite
direction.
When this cylinder is thus raised, the difference between the centres of its
driving wheel and that of its companion cylinder, is so increased as to allow so
much play between the teeth of these wheels, that there results an imperfect

page_text: transfer of the sheet from cylinder to cylinder, and an inaccurate register of the
two printed side³.
This branch of the improvements consists in providing the driving wheels of the
second impression cylinder with segments, the sum of whose pitch radii sub-
stantially equals the increased distance between the centres of said driving wheels,
the teeth of which segments, being thus caused to fit each other without play,
ensure an accurate transfer and register, and, as embodied, are illustrated in
Figure 20 by an elevation of so much of the gear side of a double cylinder sheet
perfecting printing machine, as is necessary to show the invention.
Figure 21 is an end elevation of the same;
Figure 22 a view similar to Figure 1, but having its parts in different positions
from that shown in Figure 20; and
Figure 23 an enlarged view of the driving wheels of the second impression
cylinder, parts of the rims being removed to show the registering segments.
The primary impression cylinder P, and the secondary impression cylinder S,
are mounted in the usual manner in sliding journal boxes, guided in the side frames,
and provided with means for raising an'l lowering them,-only the rods 9, 10, 11, 12,
of which are indicated.
0
The impression cylinders are revolved, in the usual manner, by means of driving
wheels 20, 21, 22, 23, the wheel 20 meshing with the impression cylinder wheel 21,
the wheel 22 meshing with the impression cylinder wheel 23, the wheels 20, 22,
being intermeshed, the latter driven by a pinion 24 on the driving shaft, and being
also intermeshed with the wheel 25 on the oscillating bed driving shaft 26, all of
which gearing is commonly applied as shown.
The cylinders revolve in opposite directions, as appears from their arrows, and
co-operate with a type or form carrying bed B, which is reciprocated by well-
known mechanism operated through the shaft 26.
The sheets are fed from a board or table T to the grippers 3 of the primary
impression cylinder P, by which they are carried around upon the surface of the
said cylinder, and pressed into contact with the form carried by the bed B, while
the latter is running in the direction of the arrow in Figure 20, which figure
illustrates that revolution of the primary cylinder when it is lowered into printing
position, at which time, as is shown, the secondary cylinder S is raised out of
printing position. As the grippers 3, 4, of these cylinders approach and pass each
other, the grippers 3 release the printed sheet, and the grippers 4 seize the same,
the cylinder P thereafter making its inoperative revolution, and the cylinder S
carries the sheet printed upon one surface with it to be perfected or printed upon
the opposite surface by being carried into contact with the form on the bed B,
while the latter is moving in the direction of the arrow in Figure 22, at which
time the cylinder S is lowered into printing position.
When the once-printed sheet is being transferred from the grippers 3, to the
cylinder S, to be clamped thereon by the grippers 4, it is essential, for perfect
work, that the relation this cylinder S then has to the cylinder P shall be
maintained, in order that a true register of the matter printed upon the opposite
surfaces of the sheet may be attained.
In order to prevent any play between the driving wheels 22, 23 of the cylinder S.
at the time when that cylinder is raised and the sheet is being transferred to it
from the cylinder P, whence would result an imperfect transfer and inaccurate
register, the said wheels 22, 23, are provided with segments 5, 6, for maintaining
the exact required relation of these wheels 22, 23, at the time when the cylinder S.
is raised and their teeth are separated a considerable distance.
These segments 5, 6, are secured to the rims of the wheels 22, 23, at such points
thereof, and are of such circumferential extent, that while the cylinder S is raised,
and is making so much of that revolution in which its grippers are approaching
the transfer point and are receiving the once printed sheet from the cylinder P,
said segments, whose pitch lines are of greater circumference than those of the
wheels 22, 23, are intermeshed and accurately fitting each other, operate to hold

page_text: the driving wheels in accurate co-relation, and to prevent play between the
separated teeth of the said driving wheels, thus securing a perfect transfer of
the sheet to the cylinder S, as will bring its portion printed while carried by the
cylinder S, into accurate register with the portion previously printed, or while
the sheet was carried by the cylinder P.
Although these segments 5, 6, are required to be intermeshed only at each second
revolution of the cylinder S, and while that cylinder is raised, it is obvious, since
they are enlarged with respect to the driving wheels 22, 23, that they must clear
themselves on the alternate revolutions of this cylinder, as otherwise they would
prevent its being lowered into printing position with respect to the bed B.
To accomplish this, the intermediate or driving wheel 22, which engages the
cylinder or driving wheel 23, is made of such proportion to it, that it makes three
revolutions, while the cylinder wheel is making two. Hence, the segment 5 carried
by intermediate or driving wheel 22 which was in gear with the segment 6 carried
by the cylinder or driving wheel 23 on its first revolution, or during the sheet
transferring operation, as in Figure 20, will make one and a half revolutions, and
thus be opposite to it, as the cylinder or driving wheel 23 makes its second revolution,
as in Figure 22,, and thus clear it.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me from
abroad I declare that what I claim is :
1. In a double-cylinder printing machine, the combination with mechanisms for
raising and lowering the impression cylinders, of tripping mechanism for throwing
the same out of action, and means constructed to so control the tripping mechanism,
that when set into operation it shall always first act to trip the primary cylinder,
substantially as described.
2. In a double-cylinder printing machine, the combination with mechanisms for
raising and lowering the impression cylinders, of tripping mechanism for throwing
the same out of action, and means constructed to so control the tripping mechanism,
that, when set into operation, it shall always first act to trip the primary cylinder,
and then continue in action and trip the secondary cylinder, substantially as
described.
3. The combination with mechanisms for raising and lowering the impression
cylinders, of rock arms operating to trip said mechanisms out of action, a revolving
tripping cam having its enlarged part of such relative extent that it can be moved
laterally into operative position over said arms but once during each revolution of
it, and means for sliding said cam, substantially as described.
4. The combination with mechanisms for raising and lowering the impression
cylinders, of rock arms for tripping said mechanisms out of action, and a sliding
tripping cam for actuating the arms, the rock arms being mounted in such positions
with relation thereto, that said cam can only be moved into engagement with said
arms when the low part of the cam is opposite the ends of both of said arms,
substantially as described.
5. The combination with mechanisms for raising and lowering the impression
cylinders, of tripping rock arms for disconnecting said mechanisms, and a sliding
tripping cam for actuating the rock arms, the inner ends of which rock arms are
so related to the cam, and the latter is so constructed, that during its forward
rotation it can only be moved into engagement with the rock arms after its high
part has passed the trip arm for the secondary cylinder, thus compelling the tripping
action to be first performed with respect to the primary cylinder, substantially as
described.
6. The combination with mechanisms for raising and lowering the impression
cylinders, of tripping rock arms for disconnecting said mechanisms, and a sliding
tripping cam for actuating said rock arms, which rock arms are mounted with their
inner ends at one side of the cam shaft, so related to each other and to said cam
that, during its forward rotation, it shall first operate the tripping rock arm of the

page_text: primary cylinder, and then operate the tripping rock arm of the secondary cylinder,
substantially as described.
7. The combination with mechanism for raising and lowering an impression
cylinder, of a tripping rock arm operating to disconnect said mechanism, a tripping
cam for actuating said arm, means for sliding said cam laterally into engagement
with the tripping rock arm, and an auxiliary rock arm moved by the tripping rock
arm, to press said cam into, and hold it in complete engagement with, the tripping
rock arm, sub-tantially as described.
8. The combination with mechanisms for raising and lowering the impression
cylinders, tripping rock arms operating to disconnect said mechanisms, a tripping
cam for actuating said arms, means for sliding said cam laterally into engagement
with the tripping rock arms, and auxiliary rock arms respectively moved by the
tripping rock arms, to press said cam into, and hold it in complete engagement
with the tripping rock arms, substantially as described.
9. The combination with mechanisms for raising and lowering the impression
cylinders and rock arms operating to trip said mechanisms out of action, of hand
levers independently operative to move said arms, and a rotating guard engaging
said levers, to control their movements, substantially as described.
10. The combination with mechanism for raising and lowering the impression
cylinders, the tripping rock arms for disconnecting said mechanisms, and the sliding
tripping cam, of the rocking shaft 40, its arms 41, 42, 43, 44, rock arms 35, 36, and
means connecting the arms 35, 36, and 43, 44, substantially as described.
11. The combination with the toggle rock arms 15, 16, impression cams 26, 27,
and connecting rods 24, 25, of the sliding cam 30, rock arms 31, 33, and 32, 34,
substantially as described.
12. The combination with the toggle rock arms 15, 16, impression cams 26, 27,
and connecting rods 24, 25, the sliding cam 30, rock arms 31, 33, and 32, 34, of the
rocking shaft 40, its arms 41, 42, 43, 44, rock arms 35, 36, and rods 45, 46, substan-
tially as described.
13. The combination with mechanisms for raising and lowering the impression
cylinders, rock arms operating to trip said mechanisms out of action, a revolving
tripping cam co-acting with said rock arms, and a rock shaft carrying means for
sliding said cam into operative position, of intermediate devices connecting said
rock arms and rock shaft, and operating to compel the tripping operation to be
completed when once begun, substantially as described.
14. The combination with mechanisms for raising and lowering an impression
cylinder, a rock arm operating to trip said mechanisms out of action, a revolving
tripping cam co-acting with said rock arm, and a rock shaft carrying means for
sliding said cam into operative position, of intermediate devices connecting said
rock arm and rock shaft, and operating to compel a tripping operation to he
completed when once begun, substantially as described.
15. In a double-cylinder printing machine, the combination with the secondary
impression cylinder, means for raising and lowering it, and its driving wheels,
as 22, 23, of registering segments of greater pitch radii than said wheels, substantially
as described.
16. In a double-cylinder printing machine, the combination with the secondary
impression cylinder, and means for raising and lowering the same, of a driving
wheel on said cylinder, and a driving wheel engaging therewith, each of which
wheels carries a segment of greater pitch radius than the wheel, said wheels being
of such relative size that said segments shall engage each other on one revolution
of said cylinder, and clear each other on the second revolution of said cylinder,
substantially as described.