Improvements in Looms.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Feb., 1898-Accepted, 23rd Apr., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Looms.
: I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE, of Nos. 55 and 56, Chancery Lane, London, Fellow
of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, which has been communicated to me from abroad by The Weayer Jacquard
& Electric Shuttle Company (a corporation under the laws of the State of West
Virginia), of Norwalk, State of Connecticut, United States of America, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :--
This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in looms, and it
has for its object to provide a simple and efficient stop motion which will automatically
arrest the operation of the loom whenever a warp thread becomes broken or exhausted,
and to facilitate the weaving of two fabrics at one time; with these objects in view,
the invention resides in the novel construction and arrangement of the parts hereinafter
more fully described.
In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and in which
like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts-
'
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a loom with the invention applied thereto..
Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view.
Figure 3 is a detail plan view of a portion of the mechanism.
Figure is a detail side view of the same, parts being in section.
Figure 5 is a detail plan view of the belt shifting mechanism; and
Figures 6, 7, and 8 are detail views of the thread engaging arms.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged section of the head of the lathe showing the double shuttle
races.
Briefly stated this invention consists of two adjacent and normally disconnected
slides or bars, one of which is continuously operated from a moving part of the loom
while the other is normally stationary and is connected to operate suitable belt or
gear shifting devices, and a movable locking device arranged to connect the two
slides to be moved simultaneously upon the breaking of a warp thread. In the
present instance, the invention is shown as applied to a loom adapted to weave
superposed fabrics. It will be understood, however, that it may be equally as well
applied to a single fabric loom.
Referring more particularly to the drawings, A designates the loom comprising the
lay B, having two shuttle races b, b¹, take-up rolls C, C¹, warp beams D D¹, heddles E
and warp separating or lease rods e all of which are arranged and operated in the
usual manner and need not be further described.
Each thread of each warp passes through an eye of a pivoted flat L-shaped arm G
and maintains the free end thereof suspended. There are two series of these arms G,
one for the threads of each warp and each series extends transversely across the loom
frame and is divided into two parallel separated sections, the arms of one of which
being arranged in staggered relation to those of the other section of a series. By
this means a large number of arms may be employed, as is often necessary. The
arms G are preferably formed of thin metal and are pivotally supported at the ends
of their horizontal portions by rods 1 which extend transversely across the frame and

page_text: in their vertical portions each arm G is provided with an eye 2 from which a slot 3
extends to the edge of the arm to permit the lateral insertion of a warp thread, and
in order that the thread may pass through the eye in a straight course, the metal
upon opposite sides of the eye is bent out laterally in opposite directions as indicated
in Fig. 7.
Arranged directly. beneath the ends of each series of arms G is a cross rod 4 carried
upon a horizontal pivoted frame 5, which is maintained borizontally balanced by
means of a counterbalance weight 6 adjustably supported upon a rod 7, projecting
from the frame 5.
Connected to each frame 5 near the outer free end thereof, by means of a pivoted
link 8, is an L-shaped locking block 9, pivotally connected at the end of its
horizontal portion to a lug 10 of a slide or bar 12, and having its free end provided
with a projection 93, and suspended by means of the link 8 above and in line with a
notch 13, formed in the upper edge of the slide 12, these notches being provided
with surfaces inclined in opposite directions terminating each in a vertical
shoulder 14.
In the present instance, the slide 12 extends horizontally to the front of the loom
and is provided with a vertical toe 15, which engages one edge of a lever 16 pivoted
at one end to the loom frame beneath the breast beam and bears at its opposite end
upon a shifting lever 17.
This lever is normally held into engagement with a
shoulder 18, Fig. 5, of a slotted plate 20 by means of a spring 19, Fig. 1, and is
connected to a shipper 21, mounted to slide upon a stud 22, and carrying a
belt guide 23, and arranged to shift a belt 24, from a fast pulley 25, to a loose
pulley 26.
Arranged adjacent to the slide 12, and provided in its edge with notches 27, is a
slide or bar 28, the notches of which are like and normally align with those of the
slide 12, but are provided with faces. 29, inclined reversely to those of the slide 12,
and with vertical shoulders 30. In the present instance the slide 28, is mounted in
guides 31, of the slide 12, and is adapted to be continuously reciprocated therein
during the operation of the loom independently of the said slide 12.
Various means
may be employed for reciprocating the slide, but as shown this is effected by means
of a connecting rod 32, which is pivotally connected to the slide and to a sword of
the lay in such manner as to reciprocate the slide simultaneously with the lay. As
an effective means for preventing the movement of the slide 12 with the slide 28,
under normal conditions, it is provided with a stop 33, which is held into contact with
a stationary guide 34, of the frame by means of a spring 36 connected to the frame
and to one of the lugs.
In operation the threads hold the arms suspended. The weights 6 are then
adjusted to balance the frames 5 to maintain the cross-rods at points immediately
beneath the ends of the arms G, thereby lifting the blocks 9 above the slides 12
and 28, but in alignment with the notches thereof. When the parts are in this
position, the slide 28 is reciprocated with the lay without effecting the movement of
the slide 12. When, however, a warp thread breaks, the arm G, which it has held
suspended drops down upon the cross rod 4 of the frame 5 and its weight over-
balances the counterweight 6 and lowers the frame 5, thereby moving the block 9
into engagement with the notches of the slides to lock the slides together and
at the next reciprocation cf the lay both of said slides will move together and when
they are moved in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 4, the toe 15 of the slide 12,
Fig. 2, will pull upon the lever 16, causing it to throw the shifting lever out of
engagement with the shoulder 18, Fig. 5. When the shifting lever is thus released
its spring 19, will throw it laterally carrying the belt guide 23, correspondingly to
shift the belt from the fast pulley to the loose one and thereby stop the operation of
the loom.
The invention may be applied, with but slight modification, to various other
machines, such for instance, as spinning, winding and warping machines.
As before described, the loom shown is a double warp loom weaving two fabrics
one above the other, with two races carried by the lathe one above the other.

page_text: While this permits the use of two separate sets of warps it is attended with the
disadvantage that in case of the breaking of one of the lower warp threads it is
extremely difficult to repair the warp as the race b, Fig. 9, obstructs the access to
the lower race and shuttle and the operation of re-threading. To remedy this
difficulty the race b is movably supported opposite the reed so that it can be with-
drawn therefrom, within the warp without removing the threads or in any way
altering the position of the other parts.
The race b may be made and supported in different ways.
As shown it is pivoted
near each end of the lathe by a bracket 4, bolted to the lathe 5"; normally the
race b is supported in an inclined position extending across and close to the reed, see
Fig. 1, and one shuttle,runs over the same, the other passing over the lathe beam 5ª as
usual, but if access is required to the lower warps the race blade b is turned back to
the position shown in dotted lines, Fig. 9, or is otherwise withdrawn from the reed
when it will no longer obstruct the operations with the warp.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me
by my foreign correspondents, I declare that what I claim is:-
1st. In a loom, the combination of a suspended arm for engaging a thread, two
adjacent movable parts, means for continuously moving one of said parts, belt shifting
devices connected to the other one of said parts, and a movable locking device
adapted to be operated upon the breaking of the thread by the suspended arm to
lock the two movable parts together, substantially as described.
2nd. In a loom, the combination of a suspended arm provided with an eye for
reception of a thread, two adjacent shouldered slides, means for reciprocating one of
said slides continuously, belt shifting devices connected to the other one of said
slides, a movable locking device adapted to be operated upon the breaking of the
thread by the suspended arm to engage the shoulders of the two slides to lock them
together, substantially as described.
3rd. In a loom, the combination of a suspended arm provided with an eye for
reception of a thread, two movable parts, means for continuously moving one of said
parts, belt shifting devices connected to the other one of the movable parts and a
balanced locking device suspended intermediate the arm and the two movable parts
and adapted to be lowered into engagement with said parts upon the breaking of a
thread to lock them together by the weight of the suspended arm, substantially
as described.
4th. In a loom, the combination of a series of suspended arms, each of which is
provided with an eye for reception of a thread, said series of arms being divided into
sections and the arms of one section of the series being arranged in staggered relation
to the arms of the other series, two adjacent movable parts, means for continuously
moving one of said parts, belt shifting devices connected to the other one of said parts,
and a locking device common to all the arms of the series adapted to be actuated by
any one of said arms upon the breaking of a thread to lock the two movable parts
together, substantially as described.
5th. In a loom for weaving superposed fabrics, the combination with a lathe and
reed, of a supplemental race plate supported permanently and movable to and
from the reed wholly in a plane below that of the upper warp, substantially as
described.
6th. In a loom for weaving superposed fabrics, the combination with a lathe and
reed, of a supplemental race plate pivotally supported and adapted to be swung to
and from the reed in, a plane wholly below that of the upper warp, substantially as
described.