An Improved Motor Engine.
Year: 1891

page_text: iDate of Application, 5th Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 5th Oct., 1892-Accepted, 5th Nov., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Motor Engine.
We, THOMAS WARSOP of Coniston via Ambleside, Mining Engineer, and
HENRY WALKER HILL of 47 Hampden Street Nottingham, Consulting Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
Our invention relates to an improved motor engine, whereby power is obtained
and transmitted to the crank shaft, by means of converting water or other fluid into
steam or other gaseous vapour close to or in the cylinder itself, causing the steam
so formed to operate a piston and other appliances for obtaining motion.
In carrying out our invention, we use a cylinder having a piston of any suitable
construction fitting steam tight in the cylinder. In single acting motors we connect
the piston to a connecting rod direct; and in double acting engines we connect the
piston to a piston rod fitted with a suitable crosshead and guides, and attach the
connecting rod to this crosshead; the opposite end of the connecting rod being
attached to a crank and shaft carrying a flywheel, driving pulley &c. These parts
may all be of any ordinary construction.
According to our invention we form an opening of any convenient or suitable size,
at one end of the cylinder in single-acting motors; and at both ends in double-
acting motors. Attached to this opening into the cylinder, we have a tube or
vessel formed of suitable material; and around this tube or vessel, we arrange a
flame or fire caused by the combustion of gas or gases, gas and air, spirit, oil or any
combustible substance.
The object of the flame or fire is to keep the tube or vessel at a red hot heat
continuously.
At or about the commencement of each stroke of the piston-from that end of
the cylinder where the opening is formed-we cause a jet or spray of water or other
vaporizing fluid to enter the interior of the red hot tube or vessel; by means of a
suitable valve or pump, actuated by a lever, cam and shaft or eccentric and rod
from the crank shaft of the motor.
The jet of water, being forced by the valve or pump against the interior surface
of the heated tube, instantly becomes converted into steam thereby-the water
admission valve being previously closed. The steam so formed, passes through the
opening into the cylinder, and exerts a pressure on the piston which forces it in
the direction of its stroke, and operates the working parts of the motor.
On the
return stroke of the piston in the cylinder, we may exhaust the steam therefrom by
means of a suitable valve; or we may cause a vacuum or partial vacuum to be made
behind the piston, by surrounding the cylinder with a water jacket, or by other
suitable means; and the condensed water is expelled from the cylinder in this case,
by the piston striking a tappet valve in the cylinder cover, or by other suitable
means.
In some cases we may make the motor double-acting, and have one hot tube
common to both ends of the cylinder; the steam therefrom being admitted to
either end as required, by a suitable valve or valves.
The chief object of our invention is to dispense with the use of a boiler separate
from the engine; and to generate steam, at each stroke of the piston (to actuate the
same) at the engine itself, either close to or in the cylinder. We may use either
oil, ether or other fluid instead of water for vaporizing; and we regulate the speed

page_text: of the motor by controlling the admission of the water or fluid to be vaporized
thereto.
Dated this Third day of December 1891.
HENRY WALKER HILL,
47, Hampden Street, Nottingham, Agent for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Motor Engine.
We, THOMAS WARSOP of Coniston via Ambleside, Mining Engineer, and
HENRY WALKER HILL of 47 Hampden Street Nottingham, Consulting Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
Our invention relates to an improved motor engine, whereby power is obtained
and transmitted to the crank shaft, by means of converting water or other fluid into
steam or other gaseous vapour-close to or in the cylinder itself, causing the steam
so formed to operate a piston, and other appliances for obtaining motion.
In carrying out our invention, we use a cylinder having a piston of any suitable
construction, fitting steam tight in the cylinder. In single-acting motors we connect
the piston to a connecting rod direct; and in double-acting engines, we connect the
piston to a piston rod fitted with a suitable crosshead and guides, and attach the
connecting rod to this crosshead, the opposite end of the connecting rod being
attached to a crank and shaft carrying a flywheel, driving pulley &c. These parts
may all be of any ordinary construction.
According to our invention, we form an opening of any convenient or suitable
size at one end of the cylinder in single acting motors; and at both ends in double-
acting motors. Attached to this opening into the cylinder, we have a tube or
vessel formed of suitable material; and around this tube or vessel we arrange a
flame or fire caused by the combustion of gas or gases, gas and air, spirit, oil or any
combustible substance.
The object of the flame or fire is to keep the tube or vessel at a red hot heat
continuously.
At or about the commencement of each stroke of the piston-from that end of
the cylinder where the opening is formed-we cause a jet or spray of water or other
vaporizing fluid to enter the interior of the red hot tube or vessel; by means of a
suitable valve or pump, actuated by a lever, cam and shaft, or eccentric and rod,
from the crank shaft of the motor.
The jet of water, being forced by the valve or pump against the interior surface
of the heated tube instantly becomes converted into steam thereby the water
admission valve being previously closed. The steam so formed, passes through the
opening into the cylinder, and exerts a pressure on the piston, which forces it in the
direction of its stroke; and operates the working parts of the motor. On the return
stroke of the piston in the cylinder, we may exhaust the steam therefrom by means
of a suitable valve; or we may cause a vacuum or partial vacuum to be made
behind the piston, by surrounding the cylinder with a water jacket, or by other
suitable means; and the condensed water is expelled from the cylinder in this case
by the piston striking a tappet valve in the cylinder cover, or by other suitable
means.
In some cases, we may make the motor double-acting; and have one hot tube
common to both ends of the cylinder; the steam therefrom being admitted to either
end as required by a suitable valve or valves.
The chief object of our invention is to dispense with the use of a boiler separate
from the engine; and to generate steam at each stroke of the piston (to actuate the
same) at the engine itself, either close to or in the cylinder. We may use either

page_text: oil, ether or other fluid instead of water for vaporizing; and we regulate the speed
of the motor by controlling the admission of the water or fluid to be vaporized
thereto.
And in order that our said invention may be fully understood, and more easily
carried out and into effect, we will proceed more fully to describe the same; and for
that purpose shall refer to the figure on the annexed sheet of drawings:
--
Figure 1 is an elevation in section of one end of the cylinder of a motor constructed
according to our invention, with our improved vaporizing apparatus attached
thereto.
In this drawing, A is one end of the cylinder of a single acting motor, having
the piston P fitting steam tight therein. The connecting rod C is connected to this
piston by the gudgeon pin B; and the opposite end of this rod is attached to a
crank shaft carrying a flywheel, driving pulley, &c. in any ordinary manner.
D is a port communicating with the steam chest E. when the slide valve F is at
the bottom part of its stroke. Attached to the steam chest E, we fit a tube G;
with an enlarged chamber G' about the centre of its length; the lower part of the
tube G' being connected to the feed pump H at its delivery branch H*. In this
case the pump plunger K is an extension of the spindle I operating the slide
valve F; and the plunger K and rod I are moved up and down by the bent lever L ;
which in turn is actuated at its upper end L' by a cam and shaft, or eccentric and
rod from the crank shaft of the motor.
The tube G, G' is surrounded by a chimney M, lined with asbestos; and at the
base of the chimney M, we have an atmospheric burner N of a circular or other
suitable form. The suction branch H' of the pump H is connected by means of the
supply pipe O with a water jacket Q with which in some cases we surround the
cylinder A; and in other cases the pipe O is connected with a tank containing a
supply of the fluid we use to operate our motor. The supply of this fluid to the
pump H, we regulate by the throttle valve R; which is opened or closed by suitable
means, according as the motor speed is reduced or accelerated. The cylinder
cover R has also an exhaust port S formed in it; the circular part S' of which
communicates with the atmosphere by an exhaust pipe in the usual manner.
The operation of the motor is as follows:-The chamber G' is heated to a red
hot heat by the burner N, in which is burnt a suitable mixture of gas, spirit, oil or
any other combustible fluid mixed with a suitable proportion of air. The flywheel
of the motor is then turned by hand for a few revolutions so as to cause a small
quantity of water oil ether or other suitable fluid to be drawn at each stroke down
the pipe ; and forced by the plunger K through the delivery branch H', and
pipe G to a suitable spraying nozzle V; by which the fluid will be sprayed, and
forced against the internal sides of the heated chamber G'; when it instantly
becomes converted into steam or vapour or gas, and passing along the tube G to E,
enters the cylinder A by the port D, and drives the piston P forward; making its
working stroke. On the return of the piston, the slide valve comes into the position
shown on the drawing; whereby the steam or gaseous vapour is exhausted from
the cylinder through the ports D, & S; and away through S. The same action is
repeated at each succeeding revolution of the motor; the slide valve F, and pump
plunger K being so timed, that the supply of fluid and vapour enters the
generator G¹ and cylinder A respectively at the required times during each
revolution.
When the motor exceeds its normal speed, its governor closes the throttle valve R,
and reduces the supply of the fluid to the pump; and when the motor is running
below its normal speed the valve R is more widely opened so as to give an increased
supply of fluid to the pump H and generator G'.
In double-acting motors, we may have one or more generators G¹ common to both
ends of the cylinder; the steam or vapour therefrom being admitted to, and
exhausted therefrom, at alternate ends and at suitable times by a slide valve of the
usual form.
The form of the generator G¹ may vary from that shown in the drawing; and

page_text: although we have only shown this form, it is to be understood that other forms of
generators may be used by us in connection with our improved motor.
In some cases, we may cause a vacuum or partial vacuum to be made in the
cylinder A behind the piston P, by surrounding the cylinder with a water jacket Q;
only connecting the exhaust branch S¹ with a suitable condenser.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed; we declare that what we
claim is
1. In a motor operated by the generation of vapour or gas, the employment of a
spraying nozzle and generator in direct communication with the working cylinder;
which generator is maintained at the requisite heat by a ring or other suitably
shaped atmospheric Bunsen burner, substantially described.
2. In a motor operated by the generation of vapour or gas, the mode of forming
the said generation by pumping the fluid through a spraying nozzle into a heated
generator in direct communication with the working cylinder, for the purpose stated
and substantially as described.
3. The combination with a generator, as herein before described, of a spraying
nozzle and feeding pump; substantially as, and for the purpose herein set forth.
4. In a motor of the kind herein before described the use of a governing appliance
for controlling the supply of the fluid to the pump, according as the motor is running
fast or slow, substantially as and for the purpose herein before set forth and
described.
5. In motor engines the arrangement and combination of parts substantially as
herein shown and described.
Dated this 4th day of October 1892.
HENRY WALKER HILL,
Agent for the Applicants.