Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Dec., 1892-Accepted, 21st Jan., 1893

page_text: and is provided with two stops or shoulders q' q' adapted to engage the latch.
In the case is a spring p connected at one end to the shutters, and at its opposite
end to the side-A of the case. The tendency of the spring.p is to maintain the
shutter at the side A³ of the case. The opening s¹ is elongated in the arc of a
circle, of which the pin is the center, and as the shutter is swung between the
sides A³ A of the case the opening s¹ registers momentarily with the opening t;
but when the shutter is at either limit of its traverse it closes the opening t.
B is a roll-holder comprising a strip or plate n and two strips n'n integral with
the plate n and extending at right-angles thereto and parallel with each other.
The plate n when in position constitutes the back of the inclosing case, and the
strip n a part of the side A'. The end of the plate n adjacent to the strip ²
extends beyond the latter, as shown in Figure 4, and the said end and side edges
of the plate
are rabbeted, as shown, to enter grooves in the top, bottom and
side A of the case. Thus the roll-holder may be readily slid into and out of the
case. At the center of the plate n is an opening m closed by a removable cover or
plug m¹.
When the roll-holder and cover m' are in place, and the shutter covers
the opening t, the case is absolutely light tight.
B¹ B are rollers, each provided with a head at one end, and reduced in
diameter at the opposite end, as shown at in Figure 6. In the strip n are
openings kk, just large enough to receive the rollers, and in the strip n³ are
openings just large enough to receive the reduced end portions l' of the rollers.
The rollers B B are split centrally and longitudinally from their reduced ends l
to or nearly to their head-portions . When the device is to be used for taking a
negative the roll-holder is removed from the case, and the rollers B' 13' are with-
drawn a short distance through the openings to free the reduced ends from the
openings. One end of a strip of sensitized film D is inserted into the split of the
roller B³, and the film is wound thereon. The free end of the strip of film is then
inserted into the split of the rollers B¹. The rollers are then forced longitudinally
inward to cause their ends to enter the openings k¹. In the strips n' n² adjacent
to the openings k k³, respectively, are coincident grooves i ¹.
C is a mat having a central opening h. The mat is formed by stamping it out
of a sheet of springy metal, and its four corners are cut and bent forward, as
shown in Figure 5, to afford the corner springs h. When a strip of sensitized
film is placed in the roll-holder, as described, the mat C is slipped into the
grooves to bear at its rear face against the film at the rollers. The corner
springs extend into the grooves i it, and operate by bearing against the stops
formed by the sides of the grooves, to maintain the mat always in contact with the
film, to prevent the passage of light, when an exposure is made, to that part of the
film which is not to receive the negative. Extending along the upper and lower
sides of the case are cleats g, which prevent the passage of light around the upper
and lower edges of the mat C, just as the grooves i afford shields for the side
edges of the mat. When a strip of sensitized film for the reception of negatives
is placed in the roll-holder and the roll-holder is inserted into the case, as
described, the shutter is swung to the side A' of the case, by turning the latch until
it is engaged by the stop 7 of the spring catch g. While the shutter is being
swung from the side A to the side A the operator should place his finger over
the opening t to shut out the light. The diaphragm w is swung to the position
shown by full lines in Figure 1, and the device is then in condition for use as a
camera.
8
To make an exposure the opening to is pointed at the object to be photographed,
and the operator presses down the spring catch q. This causes the latch to be
released from the stop q³ and the shutter to be swung by the spring p to the side A
of the case.
As the shutter swings its opening 'registers with the opening t and
a negative picture is produced upon that part of the film which stretches between
the rollers B'B', the picture being of the size of the opening in the mat. The
bulk of the roll of film being wound initially upon the roller B³, as indicated in
Figure 2, after each exposure the roller B₁ will be turned to wind up a strip of

page_text: film equal to the length of the opening in the mat, for a new exposure, and as
the roll B¹ increases in diameter the mat C at that side will be pressed forward
against the resistance of the springs h¹. As the roll B³ diminishes in diameter
the resilience of the springs h¹ will cause the mat to be pressed at that side in
the backward direction. Thus there will always be a light tight joint around the
opening, and the mat will also operate as a tensioner for the film, to keep
the latter flat and smooth at the place of exposure.
A strip D of sensitized film of any desired length may be employed and may be
covered from one end to the other with negatives. When the film has been
exposed from one end to the other, as described, it is taken from the case and
developed in the usual way, after which it is placed over a similar strip of
translucent material, which may also be sensitized film, and the photographs from
the negatives printed on the latter. The strip of translucent material carrying the
photographs is then inserted at one of its ends into one of the rollers, and at its
opposite end into the other roller, and wound upon one of the rollers in the same
way as when inserting a strip of sensitized film for the reception of negatives.
The plug or cover m² in the back of the case is then removed, the diaphragm w.is.
swung to the position shown by dotted lines in Figure 1, and the latch ² turned to
engage the stop g' of the catch, which causes the opening in the shutter to
register with the lens opening t. By placing the eye to the opening t the
photographs may be inspected, the lens t' operating. to magnify the views, which
may be brought successively into the field of vision by turning the rolls.
The lens employed in this device is a simple magnifying glass, and not of the
character generally employed in cameras, for the reason that a photographic lens,
such as is particularly adapted for photography, would deprive the device of its
character of a convertible graphoscope. The rolls are so located with relation
to the front of the case that they will hold the strip, provided with transparencies,
in a plane at a distance less than the principal focal length of the lens, and in the
position which gives the sharpest outline to the picture. The diaphragm w is
useful in making exposures, because it gives a clearer outline to the negative than
could otherwise be obtained; but when the device is to be used as a graphoscope
the opening to would be too small for convenience in inspecting the pictures, and
for this reason it is pivoted, as described, so that it may be swung out of the way
when desired.
The various structural details of the device may be modified without departing
from the spirit of this invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. A convertible camera and graphoscope, comprising in combination, a light-
tight inclosing case, having an opening t in the front side, an opening m for the
admission of light, a magnifying lens t' and a shutter at the opening t, a removable
light-tight cover for the opening m, and a holder in the case, adapted to hold a
strip of sensitized material for the taking of negatives, or a strip of finished
pictures, to supplant the sensitized strip, substantially as described.
2. A convertible camera and graphoscope, comprising in combination, a light-
tight inclosing-case having an opening t in the front side, an opening m.in the line
of vision through the opening t, a magnifying lens t' and a shutter at the opening t,
a removable light-tight cover for the opening m, and rollers in the case, at opposite
sides of the plane of the opening t, adapted to hold a strip of sensitized material
for the taking of negatives, or a strip provided with transparencies to supplant the
sensitized strip, and operative to move the strip across the field of view, sub-
stantially as described.
3. In a camera, the combination with the inclosing case, of a removable and
replacable roll-holder, forming the back and one side-portion of the case, and
rollers carried by the roll-holder and extending beyond the side of the case, said

page_text: rollers being adapted to receive and hold a strip of sensitized material, and
operative to move the same across the field of exposure, substantially as described.
4. In a camera, the combination with the inclosing-case and film-carrying rolls, of
a resilient self-adjusting mat in the case, having an opening through it, and pressing
at opposite sides of its opening normally against the rolls, whereby as the film is
unrolled from one roll upon the other, the mat by self adjustment will maintain
contact with each roll, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
5. In a camera, the combination with the inclosing-case and film-carrying rolls,
of grooves i i¹ in the case adjacent to the rolls, and a mat C in the grooves provided
with springs h operating to maintain the mat in contact with the rolls, sub-
stantially as and for the purpose set forth.
6. In a roll-holder for cameras, the combination with the roll-holder frame, and
rolls supported therein, of stops in the frame and a mat and springs confined in the
frame between the said stops and rolls, the spring operating to press the mat
normally against the rolls, substantially as described.
7. In a camera, the combination with the inclosing case provided with the
opening t, of a swinging shutter, for the said opening, inside the case having the
openings, a spring operating normally to maintain the shutter at the limit of its
movement in one direction, and means for actuating the shutter, comprising a
rocking-pin which carries the shutter and extends to the outside of the case, a
latch on the outer end of the pin, and a spring catch 7 on the outside of the case
provided with stops q¹ q² adapted to engage the latch, substantially as and for the
purpose set forth.
8. A convertible camera and graphoscope, comprising in combination, a light-
tight inclosing case, having an opening t in the front side, an opening m in the line
of vision through the opening t, a magnifying lens t¹ and a shutter at the opening t,
a removable light-tight cover for the opening m, a holder in the case, adapted to
hold a strip of sensitized material for the taking of negatives, or a transparency,
to supplant the sensitized strip, and a removable and replacable diaphragm w at
the opening t having an opening through it smaller than the opening t to register
with the latter, substantially as described.
Dated this 19th day of December 1892.
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.