IMPROVEMENTS, IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPOONS, FORKS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN. ADDADAMIS OR MACHINERY TO EXPLAYED MURDDIN
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel Joseph Fleetwood, of Birmingham, in the
County of Warwick, Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS,
IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPOONS, FORKS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES, AND IN.
ADDADAMIS OR MACHINERY TO EXPLAYED MURDDIN
"
Sealed the 6th March 1866, and dated the 20th September 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Daniel Joseph Fleetwood-
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition; on the
20th September 1865.
I, DANIEL JOSEPH FLEETWOOD, of, Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IM-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPOONS, FORKS, AND OTHER SIMILAR ARTICLES,
AND IN APPARATUS OR MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN," to be as follows,.
that is to say:-
My Invention consists of certain improvements in the operations of shaping,
bowling, and finishing spoons, or of shaping, pronging, and finishing forks,"
which improvements may be used for performing analogous operations upon
other articles of similar character; and in carrying out my Invention I
proceed from the stage at which the article under operation (for instance, a
spoon) is in the form of a rough flat blank if rolled, or a roughly.shaped blank
if cast metal be used. I first produce a smooth surface on the blank by filing
or grinding, and if it be a rolled, blank I now cut it out by using a bed and
punch, which is of a form to give the requisite.contour to the handle and also,
the concavity to the bowl. If of cast metal of course this operation is un-

page_text: necessary, such form being produced by the casting. Should any burr remain
it must be filed or ground off. The next process is that of finishing, which I
perform in a pair of tools or dies sunk to receive the blank, and with patterns
or devices of any kind necessary to be produced upon the finished article,
which will come from this operation bevilled, threaded, or otherwise orna-
mented. The tools or dies used in this process are peculiarly formed, being
countersunk, so that instead of forming the article between two matrices, I
employ tools which are each partly die and partly matrix, that is to say, the
entire size or thickness of the handle is cut in the lower tool, and the entire
bowl in the upper, or vice versa, so that very slight fins or burrs remain
to be removed, and these always on the edge or angle of the article instead of
midway of its thickness. These tools may also be employed for cutting out if
preferred by allowing the edges of the sinkings to meet, and thus one operation
may be dispensed with. The exigencies of any given pattern may-require-the
employment of dies sunk as usual; but such dies must always for my purpose be
shaped upon their bed to the contour of the article. The power I employ-may
be a stamp, or press, or hammer óperating upon any number of pairs of dies.
I prefer the hydraulic press, especially.constructed and arranged for the purpose.
And to this end I fit upon the top of the ram a block capable of receiving
one die, or one die of each pair, which die has beneath it a loose plunger
working through the block by the action of the ram. The die bed is fitted
with slides in which the die is placed. The second die or
The second die or counterpart is
fixed in suitable bearings above the rising die, so that two or more operators
may work at the press at once. This arrangement admits of the lower or
rising die being withdrawn from the centre of the press and another substituted.
Of course if preferred the press may be so arranged as to work from above
instead of from beneath.
hng
"WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of September, in the year of our Lord. 3
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year of 'Her

page_text: reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Daniel Joseph Fleetwood, Her special license that I, the said Daniel
Joseph Fleetwood, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said Daniel Joseph Fleetwood, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SPOONS, FORKS, AND OTHER SIMILAB
ARTICLES, AND IN APPARATUS OR MACHINERY TO BE EMPLOYED THEREIN," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Daniel Joseph Fleetwood, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same
was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar, months next and immediately after the date of the
said Letters Patent.
NOW, KNOW YE, that I, the said Daniel Joseph Fleetwood, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner, the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the follow
ing statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to
the letters and figures marked thereon, that is to say
.
This Invention consists of certain improvements in the operations of shaping,
bowling, and finishing spoons, and of shaping, pronging, and finishing forks,
which improvements may be used for performing analagous operations upon
other articles of similar character, and as these operations are substantially
the same in all cases, and, as the tools used differ only in form in producing
various articles, one example will suffice to illustrate; the mode in which, my
Invention may be applied in the manufacture of the several articles above
mentioned.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a side elevation of the top die used in the manufacture of a
salt spoon; Figure 2, a side elevation of the bottom die; Figure. 3, a plan of
the face side of the top die; Figure 4, a plan of the face side of the bottom. die;
Figure 5, a transverse section of the dies through the stem or handle of the
spoon; Figure 6, a similar section through the bowl of the spoon; Figure 7
is, a plan of the top of one of the die holders half full size; Figure 8, a side
elevation of the same; Figure 9, an end elevation of the same; Figure. 10 is
a longitudinal section of one of the slides by which the die (in. its holder) is

page_text: advanced to or withdrawn from the centre of the die bed; Figure 11, a cross
section of the slide; Figure 12 is an elevation of a portion of an hydraulic
press drawn for convenience to a smaller scale than that previously used in
these Drawings, and showing only the parts that would be affected by the
alterations requisite to adapt it to the purpose of this manufacture; Figure 13;
an end elevation of the same; Figure 14, a plan of the die bed as seen from
above..
This apparatus is used in the following manner :- Commencing from the
stage in its manufacture at which the spoon is in the form of a rough fat blank
(if of rolled metal), or a rudely shaped blank if cast metal be employed, I
first produce (if necessary) a smooth surface upon the metal blank by filing or
grinding it, or if it merely require cleansing from scale or dirt, that may be
effected by dipping in the ordinary manner in acid. If the metal blank be a
rolled one it is to be cut out with a bed and punch, differing only from the
..common tools of this description in the fact that they must-be shaped upon
their meeting faces in curves to give the requisite contour to the handle of the
spoon and the concavity to the bowl: If the metal blank be a cast one this
'operation is avoided, the form being produced by the process of casting:
Should any burr or fin be perceptible upon the edges of the metal blank after
the cutting out it is to be filed or ground off. The finishing, according to niy
Invention, is performed in a pair of tools or dies represented in their several
views (Figures 1 to 6 inclusive) of the annexed Drawings; these tools are
sunk to receive the metal blank, and they may be prepared or engraved with
patterns or devices of any character that it may be desirable to produce
upon the finished spoon, which may thus by this operation of finishing, be
bevilled, threaded, engraved, embossed with crest, or otherwise ornamented!
As will be seen by the Drawings, these tools or dies are peculiarly sunk, and
they may be said to be each partly a die and partly a matrix, that is to say;
the entire size or thickness of the stem or handle of the spoon is sunk in one
die, whilst the part forming the bowl is raised upon the same die. In the
other die or counterpart there is a concavity sunk to form the bowl, whilst
the form of the stem or handle is produced in relief; the result of this
arrangement is, that if any burr or fin remain from the operation of finishing
it is very slight, and always on the edge or arris of the spoon instead of in the
middle of its thickness.
The force employed upon these dies may be applied by a steam or other
stamp, a hammer; or a press made to operate upon any convenient number of
pairs of dies or tools; it is however preferred to use an bydraulic press with
an accumulator, as is well understood, by which great power is obtained with

page_text: rapidity of stroke and recovery. In working, each pair of dies or tools is
placed in a frame or holder, as shewn in Drawings (Figures 7, 8, and 9),
also in (Figure 10). The lower die or tool is securely held by the set screws
, a, a, a, and the upper one by similar screws 2,,,, by which the dies
or tools are rendered capable of accurate adjustment laterally, whilst by intro-
ducing the wedge blocks a, a, and set screws b, b, (Figure 8), they can be
adjusted vertically, so that if in several pairs of dies (which are to be pressed
on at the same time) there should be any inequality of thickness they may be
adjusted with the greatest accuracy to the same precise thickness or height
upon the bed of the press, and each pair receive the pinch of the press simul-
taneously with the other pairs. Each die holder or frame with its respective
dies and fittings is received in a slide shewn at (c in sections Figures 10
and 11), in which position it is removed to the bed of the press shewn in
(Figures 12, 13, 14); this bed, as seen in Figure 14, is grooved or sunk as
at (d, d, d, d,) to receive 4 slides (c) with their respective die holders and
dies; these are moved as nearly as possible to the centre of the bed, the force
of the press is applied, and the four sets of dies each receive the pinch at one
moment, after which the pressure being removed the die holders are with-
drawn by the operator by means of the loop handles (f), and the dies are
replenished with fresh metal blanks.
I have now explained my Invention as employed in the manufacture of a
salt spoon; but it will be clear to a skilled workman that by substituting for
the dies or tools shown in the Drawings like dies or tools suitable in form and
dimensions for finishing other spoons, or for forks, or for ladles or other like
article, such articles may be manufactured with equal facility and economy of
labour to the salt spoons above explained.
.
Having thus described the nature of my said Invention, and in what
manner the saine is to be performed, I claim, in the manufacture of spoons,
forks, and other similar articles, the employment of the process, tools or dies,
and apparatus substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Daniel Joseph Fleetwood, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six.
DANIEL JOSEPH FLEETWOOD. (L.S.)