A New or Improved Spring Motor for the Driving or Propelling of Sewing Machines, Certain Kinds of Washing Machines, Coffee Roasters, Rotary Blowers, Meat Jacks, and other Machines and Mechanical Appliances. OFWING MACHINES,
Year: 1885

page_text: A New or Improved Spring Motor for the Driving or Propelling
of Sewing Machines, Certain Kinds of Washing Machines,
Coffee Roasters, Rotary Blowers, Meat Jacks, and other
Machines and Mechanical Appliances.
1
•
"
I, LLEWLLEYN AUGUSTUS PARROCK of Freeth Street, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Engine Smith, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED SPRING MOTOR FOR THE DRIVING OR PROPELLING OF
SEWING MACHINES, CERTAIN KINDS OF WASHING MACHINES, COFFEE ROASTERS,
ROTARY BLOWERS, MEAT JACKS AND OTHER MACHINES AND MECHANICAL
APPLIANCES to be as follows:-
My invention has for its object the production of a simple and efficient means,
whereby spring power can be economically employed as the motive power for the
driving or propelling of various machines and mechanical contrivances.
Heretofore, spring motors have been so arranged, that the spring wherein
accumulated power is stored up, surrounds an axis or centre in the form of a volute
curve, the inner end being attached to the going or driving spindle, while the
outer end is attached to a fixed case-This method of storing up power by closing
or drawing to the encircling coils of the spring is an uncertain and expensive
source of power from the fact that the pull of the spring upon the going shaft or
moving axis is unconstant relatively to the spring's compression.
Now my invention consists in storing up spring power by the compression of a
coiled spring which may be enclosed within a barrel or case, or may surround
a central axis or spindle which is capable of moving longitudinally through the
axis of the spring.
I will describe my invention in connection with a spring motor for the driving of
sewing and other like machines.
Within a tubular or barrel chamber, a coiled spring is placed, and within the
axis of this coiled spring, a rod passes. The said rod is provided about its middle
with a shoulder upon which the forward end of the coiled spring abuts and presses,
while the back end of the coiled spring rests against the bottom of the enclosing
The back end of the rod passes in the axis of the spring, while the forward
end is formed into a long or continuous rack. The teeth of this rack engage with
case.

page_text: a pinion on an axis carrying a toothed wheel of larger diameter. This large
toothed wheel engages with a second pinion on an axis carrying another large
toothed wheel; which latter large toothed wheel in its turn, engages with a third
pinion, and so on, until a train of wheels shall have been produced, that will
distribute the power given out by the spring, to any degree that may be required.
Thus the power stored up by the compression of the coiled spring, is allowed to
slowly give itself out by pressing or forcing longitudinally the rack which is in
gear with the first driving pinion.
By my invention, the rack which is urged forward by the dilation or opening
out of the coils of a compressed spring, pushes or presses upon the first or primary
pinion, thereby communicating motion through the chain of gearing, and from
thence is distributed or given out to any machine that requires to be driven at an
uniform rate of motion.
When a machine requires to have the power distributed in an intermittent
manner, suitable stop arrangements are provided, whereby the motor is caused to
stop and move on as may be required.
The rack which is urged forward by the coiled spring, may be of any suitable
length, according to the length of time that the machine is required to be driven.
The winding up or compression of the coiled spring, may be effected by levers or
screw mechanism.
•
Instead of employing a single coiled spring, two or any number of springs may
be employed with like effect. In this case, a single rack is preferably mounted in
the middle of a pressure plate, upon which latter, the whole or the collective force
of the coiled springs impinge, in order to give the necessary traverse to the rack,
in acting upon the primary pinion. Or the springs may be compressed collectively
and their power given out separately; and where power is required for certain
purposes, a flat bowed spring may be compressed, instead of a coiled spring; the
end of the rack bar resting upon the spring under tension.

page_text: A New or Improved Spring Motor for the Driving or Propelling
of Sewing Machines, Certain Kinds of Washing Machines,
Coffee Roasters, Rotary Blowers, Meat Jacks, and other
Machines and Mechanical Appliances.
I, LLEWLLEYN AUGUSTUS PARROCK of Freeth Street Birmingham in the County
of Warwick, Engine Smith, do hereby declare the nature of said invention for
"A NEW OR IMPROVED SPRING MOTOR FOR THE DRIVING OR PROPELLING OF
SEWING MACHINES, CERTAIN KINDS OF WASHING MACHINES, COFFEE ROASTERS,
ROTARY BLOWERS, MEAT JACKS AND OTHER MACHINES AND MECHANICAL
APPLIANCES," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be par-
ticularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention has for its object the production of a simple and efficient means,
whereby spring power can be economically employed as the motive power for the
driving or propelling of various machines and mechanical contrivances.
Heretofore, spring motors have been so arranged, that the spring wherein
accumulated power is stored up, surrounds an axis or centre in the form of a
volute or ribband spring, the inner end being attached to the going or driving
spindle, while the outer end is attached to a fixed case. This method of storing up
power by closing or drawing to the encircling coils of the spring is an uncertain
and expensive source of power, from the fact that the pull of the spring upon the
going shaft or moving axis is unconstant relatively to the spring's compression.
Now my invention consists in storing up spring power by the compression of
a coiled spring which may be enclosed within a barrel or case, or may surround a
central axis or spindle which is capable of moving longitudinally through the axis
of the spring.
I will describe my invention in connection with a spring motor for the driving
of sewing and other like machines.
Within a tubular or barrel chamber, a coiled spring is placed, and within the
axis of this coiled spring, a short rod passes. The said rod is provided about its
middle with a shoulder upon which the forward end of the coiled spring abuts and
presses, while the back end of the coiled spring rests against the bottom of the
enclosing case. The back end of the rod passes in the axis of the spring, while
the forward end is formed into a long or continuous rack. The teeth of this rack,
engage with a pinion on an axis carrying a toothed wheel of larger diameter.
This large toothed wheel engages with a second pinion on an axis carrying another
arge toothed wheel; which latter large toothed wheel in its turn, engages with a
third pinion, and so on, until a train of wheels shall have been produced, that will
distribute the power given out by the spring, to any degree that may be required.
Thus the power stored up by the compression of the coiled spring, is allowed to
slowly give itself out by pressing or forcing longitudinally the rack which is in
rear with the first driving ninion

page_text: "
By my invention, the rack which is urged forward by the dilation or opening
out of the coils of a compressed spring, pushes or presses upon the first or primary
pinion, thereby communicating motion through the chain of gearing, and from
thence is distributed or given out to any machine that requires to be driven at a
uniform rate of motion.
When a machine requires to have the power distributed in an intermittent
manner, suitable stop arrangements are provided, whereby the motor is caused to
stop and move on as may be required.
any
The rack which is urged forward by the coiled spring, may be of
suitable
length, according to the length of time that the machine is required to be driven. 1
The winding up or compression of the coiled spring, may be effected by levers or
screw mechanism.
Instead of employing a single coiled spring, two or any number of springs may
be employed with like effect. In this case, a single rack is preferably mounted in
the middle of a pressure plate, upon which latter, the whole or the collective force
of the coiled springs impinge, in order to give the necessary traverse to the rack,
in acting upon the primary pinion. Or the springs may be compressed collectively
and their power given out separately; and where power is required for certain
purposes, a flat bowed spring may he compressed, instead of a coiled spring; the
end of the rack bar resting upon the spring under tension.
I will now proceed to describe with reference to the accompanying Drawings
the manner in which the same is to be performed.
Figure 1 represents in elevation and part vertical section, a spring motor
constructed according to my invention.
a is the frame of the appliance, and b is a tubular barrel or chamber, wherein
a coiled spring c is enclosed. d is a continuous rack, with a rod d³ at one end and a
collar e near the said end, and upon the inside face of the said collar, the front end
of the coiled spring c abuts and takes its bearing; while the other end of the said
spring impinges upon the inside of the solid end f of the frame; so that the
spring c is confined between a fixed end, and a shoulder or boss carried at, or near
the end of a traversing rack, which is propelled forward by the power accumulated
or stored up in the spring, on the said spring being compressed. The teeth of the
rack d gears with a toothed pinion g, mounted upon a driving axis h, and upon
which said axis, a fusee drum i is mounted, which has attached to it a drive chain j,
for communicating motion to another axis k, having mounted upon it a fusee
drum (around which the chain winds) and a large spur wheel 7 for transferring
the motion thus generated by the spring, and given out by the rack. This wheel Z
gears with the pinion m mounted upon an axis m², and which said axis carries a
large toothed wheel n, gearing with another pinion o upon an axis o³, this third
axis has mounted upon it, a larger toothed wheel p, gearing with another pinion q
on the shaft g, which latter carries a larger toothed wheel r which gears with the
pinion & on shaft 82, carrying wheel t; this wheel t gears with pinion on the
pulley shaft u³, and so drives the pulley at an increased velocity compared with
the motion of the rack d, propelled forward by the spring c.
To compress the spring or to store up power, rotate the pinion w by its axis w².
through a winch or lever, when the teeth of the said pinion gearing with the
toothed wheel Z rotates the said wheel and communicates motion to the pinion g,
which is mounted upon a shaft or axis h carrying a fusee drum i on which the
chain is wound; and in order to prevent the whole of the train of wheels being
in gear during the recompression of the spring, I make the axis m³ carrying the
intermediate wheels m n sliding; so that on the rewinding for compression, the
wheels m n are thrown out of gear by sliding the axis laterally out of position.
To prevent the winding wheels from running back, I arrange suitable pawl and
ratchet gear, upon either of the shafts work.
The spring under compression in giving out its accumulating power or force, acts
with a varying intensity from the time when the spring commences to expand
itself; and in order to make the accumulated force thus given out, constant or

page_text: uniform, I communicate motion from the driving axes by means of a chain or its
equivalent, winding upon and from off fusee drums as described.
The power given out by the rack may be modified to any desired extent, by
arranging a suitable train of wheels that will give the desired result, or the rack
bar may communicate with two or more sets or trains of wheels by having a
double row of teeth upon the two opposite edges of the said rack bar; and further,
instead of the spring being made to operate the rack by expansion or by pressure,
it may be made to do the same work by a pulling action; that is, the spring is
distended, and imparts motion to the rack by the drawing together or shutting up
of its coils; so that on storing up power, the coils are drawn out or distended, and
the accumulated power thus stored up is given out to the rack by its reaction.
The rack bar may if necessary be curved so as to take up as little room as
possible, consistent with the kind of motor to which my invention is applied.
Figure 2 represents a diagrammatic view of a modification of my invention, in
which the equivalent of the rack is substituted for that of a screw, which
accumulates its motion (produced by the spring) by means of a bevil wheel, with a
screwed bush or middle, so that on the spring expanding itself after compression,
it urges forward the screw, which thereby rotates the bevil or other toothed
wheel, which latter communicates its motion to a train of wheels or to any other
mechanical expedient as may be desired.
"
a is the frame, and b is a shoulder on the inside end of screw d, and upon which
the spring c takes its bearing at one end, while at the other end it impinges upon
the end of the case wherein it is enclosed-e is a bevil wheel having a screwed eye
or buss e; so that on the reciprocation of the screw, it is made to rotate by being
confined within collars e³-f is a second bevil wheel in gear with e-g is a spur
pinion driven by f, and which pinion gears with a toothed wheel h and so on, thus
modifying the power given out by the spring.
The coiled spring as described, instead of being formed from wire, may be made
from lengths of ribband spring, coiled into the form of a cone, so that the coils move
longitudinally one within the other.
In employing a flat spring in combination with the rack, or an equivalent of the
rack, I make the free end of the spring act upon the rack, so as to impart the
necessary forward motion, which motion is transmitted to a train of wheels, or to
an object to be moved in a manner most suitable to the kind or form of machine to
which my invention is to be applied.
The flat spring thus employed may be in the form of a series of strips of steel
placed together, or it may be in the form of a V with two limbs, or it may be like
that of a carriage spring or two bow springs placed together; in this case the end
of the bar of the rack is acted upon from the middle of the spring-This form of
spring is used when enormous power is required to be stored up in a small space.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. Applying the direct longitudinal thrust of a coiled spring (under tension
when compressed or distended) when combined with a rack or its mechanical
equivalent for producing motive power substantially as described and set forth.
Second. A motor for the driving or propelling of sewing machines, washing
machines, coffee roasters, rotary blowers, meat jacks and other machines and
mechanical appliances, consisting essentially of a coiled spring (or a ribbon cone
spring) rack and toothed wheel or pinion; the latter communicating with other
gear, or power modifying, or changing expedients, for the purpose of communi-
cating or transmitting motion or force evolved by the direct longitudinal expanding
thrust or contraction of a coiled spring under compression or distension, substan-
tially as described and set forth in figure 1 of the drawings with respect to
compression, and described only with respect to distension.

page_text: Third. The power generating or evolving expedients of a motor, for the driving
or propelling of various machines and mechanical appliances, consisting of a coiled
spring in combination with a screw bar the equivalent of a rack, which works
through the eye or boss of a toothed wheel (either bevil spur or mitre) for trans-
mitting motion, substantially as described and set forth in figure 2.
Fourth. Applying the repulsive force or power given out from flat or V spring
or springs under tension, in combination with a rack for producing motive power,
substantially as described.