IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS POR PUMPING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Augustus Nowell, of Nuneaton, in the County
of Warwick, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS POR
PUMPING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS."
Sealed the 20th October 1864, and dated the 8th August 1864.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said George Augustus Nowell at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition and
Declaration, on the 8th August 1864, pursuant to the 9th Section of the
Patent Law Amendment Act, 1852.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, BE IT
KNOWN, that I, GEORGE AUGUSTUS NOWELL, of Nuneaton, in the County
of Warwick, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PUMPING WATER AND OTHER FLUIDS," and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the
Drawing hereunto annexed, and to the letters marked thereon (that is to
say):
My Invention of "Improvements in Apparatus for Pumping Water and other
Fluids" has for its objects, the simplification of parts, and consequently a reduc-
tion of friction and greater efficiency in operation than is obtained by ordinary
pumps, and consists in constructing the usual pump barrel of increased length,
placing in the upper end of the same (which is not required for the stroke) an
internal barrel (by preference) half the area of the outer barrel of sufficient

page_text: length to have the same stroke as the outer barrel, and connected to the upper
end of the same by means of a cap or lid. The pump rod passes through the
centre of this lid, and is provided with two pistons, the one solid adapted to
the inner barrel, and the other a bucket piston suited to the larger barrel.
The induction valve I prefer to place at the bottom of the outer barrel, whilst
the bottom of the eduction pipe (also affixed to the outer barrel) is on a level
with the bottom of the inner barrel, such bottom being open to allow the
free entrance or exit of fluid. The action of the pump is as follows:-The
pump rod being elevated by means of the handle affixed to it, both the pistons
necessarily ascend with it, the valve with which the lower or bucket piston is
furnished, and which opens upwards, being closed by the pressure of the super-
incumbent fluid. The space under the lower piston becomes filled with fluid
in consequence of the induction or foot valve opening upwards as soon as a
vacuum is formed. During such ascent (theoretically speaking, and pre-
suming the area of the inner barrel to be just one-half of that of the outer
barrel), one-half of the fluid above the lower piston will be forced through
the eduction pipe, whilst the remaining half ascends the inner barrel; the
air contained in the space between the inner and the outer barrels acting as a
cushion, and the position of the eduction pipe preventing the ascent of the
fluid into such air chamber. The pistons descending, the remaining half of
the fluid is discharged through the outlet, and thus a continuous and equal
stream of ejection of water or other fluid is maintained, and this object is
attained by two instead of four valves, as is usual in double-barrelled pumps,
and consequently with less friction and simplified arrangement, whilst the air
vessel may be said to be self-contained, forming a part of the pump itself.
But in order that my Invention may be the better understood reference is
made to the accompanying Sheet of Drawing.
The accompanying Drawing represents an elevational section of a pump
constructed as above described. D is the outer barrel, furnished with an
inlet valve A and an outlet pipe B, the lower part of which is fixed at the
point E, from which point the inner barrel F commences, extending to the
cover I, which connects the two barrels and guides the piston rod K; C is
the lower or bucket piston working within the outer barrel D, whilst M is
the solid piston working within the inner barrel F, both pistons being affixed
to the rod K, furnished with a handle N, and necessarily having the same
length of stroke; L, L, represent air holes which freely admit the outer air to
the inner barrel F; J represents the air cushion or chamber between the
two barrels.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my Inven-

page_text: tion, I would have it understood that, without confining myself to the precise
details shown, what I claim as and of my Invention is, pumping apparatus
constructed substantially in the manner and on the principle shewn and
described, the upper part of the outer barrel forming an air chamber to regu-
late the delivery of water, the inner barrel acting as a temporary reservoir
during each ascent of the piston.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Augustus Nowell, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth day of July, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.
GEORGE AUGUSTUS NOWELL (L.B.)