A GEOMETRICAL AND PEDOMETRICAL WATCH, WHICH NOT ONLY ANSWERS THE PURPOSES OF A COMMON WATCH, BUT IS ALSO DISTINGUISHED THERE- FROM BY SHEWING OR TELLING ON THE DIAL PLATE EVERY STEP THE WALKER MAKES ; ALSO BY MEASURING THE SURFACE OF ANY GROUND, OR THE DISTANCE FROM PLACE TO PLACE, THE LENGTH AND WIDTH OF EVERY BRIDGE, FIELD, FORREST, AND WOOD BY STEPS, AND EXHIBITING IN THE MOST EXACT MANNER THE EFFECT OF A REGULAR PEDOMATER
Year: 1783

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
FISCHER, of Saint Martin's Lanc, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanist,
send greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third did, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Seventeenth day of June, in the twenty-third year of His
reign, give and grant unto me, the said John Fischer, His special licence,
full power, sole priviledge and authority, that I, the said John Fischer, during
the terin of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within that part of the Kingdom of Great Britain called
England, the Dominion of Wales, and Town of. Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "A GEOMETRICAL AND PEDOMETRICAL WATCH, WHICH NOT ONLY
ANSWERS THE PURPOSES OF A COMMON WATCH, BUT IS ALSO DISTINGUISHED THERE-
FROM BY SHEWING OR TELLING ON THE DIAL PLATE EVERY STEP THE WALKER MAKES ;
ALSO BY MEASURING THE SURFACE OF ANY GROUND, OR THE DISTANCE FROM PLACE TO
PLACE, THE LENGTH AND WIDTH OF EVERY BRIDGE, FIELD, FORREST, AND WOOD BY
STEPS, AND EXHIBITING IN THE MOST EXACT MANNER THE EFFECT OF A REGULAR
PEDOMATER;" in which said Letters Patent there is contained a proviso
obliging me, the said John Fisher, under ny hand and seal, to describe and

page_text: ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same be
performed, and to cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High
Court of Chancery within four calender months next after the date of the
said recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, relation being thereunto
had, may more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in pursuance of and compliance with the said
proviso, I, the said John Fisher, do hereby declare that the nature of my
said Invention of a Geometrical and Pedometrical Watch, which not only
answers the Purposes of a Common Watch, but is also distinguished therefrom
by Shewing or Telling on the Dial Plate every Step the Walker makes; also
by Measuring the Surface of any Ground, or the Distance from Place to
Place, the Length and Width of every Bridge, Field, Forrest, and Wood by
Steps, and Exhibitting in the most exact Manner the Effect of a regular
Pedometer, is described and ascertained in the Plans thereof in the margin of
these Presents, and the references thereto hereafter set forth (viz.) :—
Figure 1st represents the dial plate, on which are three specific circles
besides the common dial for hours and minutes. The outside and widest
one a has one hundred figures or divisions, which are marked out by the great
hand moving round the same from the centre of the dial plates, and by that
shews every step the person walks. The small circle c has ten degrees gra-
dations or divisions, and counts by its hand from 100 to 1000. The third
circle d has twenty degrees, gradations, or divisions, and counts by its hand
from 1000 to 20,000.
Figure 2 represents the whole movement of an unfinished common watch,
and which has not the least connection with the pedometrical machinery.
The pedometer may be, however, introduced and put into every new watch of
any kind and quality, except repeater. a, the spring barrel; b, the geat
wheel, with the fusee; c, center wheel; d, the third wheel; c, the centered
wheel, the ballance wheel; g, the ballance; h, i, k, l, pillar holes.
Figure 3 represents the whole machinery of the pedometer when quite
compleat, showing its situation under the dyal plate, with every particle which
belongs thereto. a, the pusher, which goes through the pendant like a
repeator, is to be connected with any watch chain, along with a small hook,
loop, button, or any other contrivance, so as to be fastened or attached to either
breeches, waistcoat, or other habit, for to gain thereby the spring motion, which
connection in walking operates upon the pusher a in lifting it up, through
which the whole pedometrical work or machinery is put going without the
least uneasiness to the wearer, even not to be perceived or felt, its spring craft
being so delicate and tender that even a child in wearing it may cause the

page_text: same effect this work answers to; for to accomplish this effect it is to be under-
stood, and even an absolute necessity, that the pockett exactly fits to the size
of the watch, for to sit safe, tight, and close. The pusher, opperating upon the
lifting spring e, connected with a screw and stop b, pushes the snail of 10
teeth d by every step one tooth forwards. Its pinion pitches into the center
wheel of 100 teeth c, and pushes it one tooth forwards, and shows on the
dyal by the great hand, Figure 1 b, the very step made. The fork spring f
returns the pusher « in its former situation, as well as the lifting spring c
connected with a smaller spring 9. After 100 steps inade, the great hand,
Figure 1b, is gone round, its dyal sets forth a small snail h, also of 10 teeth,
which shews by hand on the dyal. Figure 1 c, in advancing one degree, 100
steps made, and from 100 to 1000; after the hand of the small circle, Figure
1 c, is gone round, and in course counted 1000 steps, it sets forth the hand on
the third circle, Figure 1 d, for one division of 1000, and on the whole going
round counts 20,000 steps, which is occasioned by the snail K, and the lifting
spring. The small particles designed singly are instruments of the machinery;
for to distinguish them the better they are marked with the same letters as
in the frame, Figure 3, No. 1, 2, and 3, and screws to hold the springs, &c.
Figure 4 represents a pedometrical watch of anotlier construction, which,
by its deliniated machenery, tells 100,000 steps or paces on its dyal plate. The
hand of the circle b, on the dyal plate A, shews or tells the single steps, from
1 to 10; the hand of the circle c tells from 10 to 100; the hand of the circle
d tells from 100 to 1000; the great hand of the greatest circle e, having 100
degrees of one thousand cach, tells when gone round 100,000 steps. Each
of the above-mentioned circles are marked with their specific degrees or gra-
dations. The circle f is destined for the dyal for the time of hours, and
minuted as marked. The machinery of this watch, introduced under its
dyal plate, is deliniated distinctly, as per Figure A, A, viz.: a are the wheels
belonging to the watchwork for the hours and minutes; b, c, d, are three
wheels, each of 10 points, which are operated upon by three springs, as in
Figure No. 3, p, n, m. The wheel E corresponds to the circle bon the dyal
plate, whose hand tells the single steps from 1 to 10. This wheel b, being
put in motion by the fork e, in the same manner as in the Figure No. 1 and
8, this fork being connected with the pusher c, Figure 6, which goes through
the pendant, as well as with a screw, and a lever inside of the movement
pushes the wheel 6 one tooth forwards as often as the pusher is pulled. On
the same wheel 6 is added a small wheel 62, of twenty feeth, which wheel 6 2
catches in another wheel of the same size, 63, also of twenty teeth, and turns
round as often when or after the wheel 6 1 is once gone round. In the wheel

page_text: 63 is a pin, which pushes the wheel cone tooth forwards as often as the
wheel 68 goes round, and as this is effected at every ten steps with the wheel
c, the connected hand of the circle c on the dyal plate advances thereby for ten
steps. On the wheel c is another smaller wheel c 2, also of twenty teeth, which
catches in another wheel, also of twenty tecth, c 3, and makes its round as often
as the wheel c 1. In the wheel c 8 is a pin, which in its going round pushes
the wheel done tooth forwards. by which effect the hand of the circle d
tells 100 steps so made. On the wheel 1 is another wheel d 2, of twenty
teeth, the same as on b and c, which moves another one d 3, which with its
pin at every round pushes the great wheel e of 100 teeth one tooth forwards,
in consequence of which the hand of the great circle e tells 1000 steps, and
continues in this order round from one degree to the other up to 100,000
steps, this being the full number of the periphory of this dial plate; in this
manner the desired for purpose or object is compleated, the whole of the
mechanism consisting of 6 equal wheels, 3 of which may at option be left out.
If all the thereto correspondent hands are not to opperate on the same lineal
point, instead of these weels a sort of cross levers may be introduced, such
as the frame, Figure 3, c, i, e, which push the following wheels b, c, d, one
tooth forwards, as soon as the preceding ones have made their full round, and
by means of crotchets and pins the levers are moved. Suffice it to say, that by
the two great principals of wheel and lever, numberless alterations for the
purpose of counting steps by numbers may at option be adopted, and
machinery be constructed accordingly, as for instance, to prove which, Figure 5
shews another mechanical construction to count and to tell on the same dial
plate 100,000 steps, with other two additional circles and e, the hand of e
telling the seconds, and the band of f the day of the month. From the centre
of the dyal plate are two hands; the little one tells the single steps from 1 to
10, and the great one 100,000 steps when gone round. The circle b has two
lineal peripheries or compasses: the inside one is marked for the tenth, or
from one to 10, and the outside one the hundred, or from 10 to 100, their
hands going round them; this operation bears the reference to the machinery
deliniated B, B. The wheel a of ten points, dwells with its tube on the
great wheel d of a hundred, which wheel a is catched in by a similar spring,
as in Figure 3, p, n, m; and for a general rule be it observed, that every such
a wheel of points or star wheel absolutely wants always a like spring through-
out this whole machinery. This star wheel a is equally pushed forwards one
tooth by its lever at every step, as 6 in Figure 4, on the plate A, A; as soon
as the star wheel a has gone its round, it pushes the starr wheel bone
tooth forwards, either by a lever or another small wheel, or even a pin,

page_text: which motion proves how often the small hand in a is gone round. Under-
neath the wheel is another one similar in size and number of teeth, whose
hand, being somewhat longer, as that of b, tells the hundreds on the out-
side circle c; as soon as the wheel is gone round, the underneath wheel
advances one tooth by help of the pin and the lever. When the under-
neath wheel is gone round, it pushes the great d of 100 teeth one tooth for-
wards; and as its hand on the dyal plate tells the thousands the purpose for
100,000 steps, in consequence of its having gone round, is effected. The
wheels f, g, h, i, are those whose hands tell the hours, minutes, seconds, and
days of the month, which not concerning my Invention, and every watch-
maker being acquainted therewith, I have no occasion to go into any further
explanation thereof, but that the hand for the seconds is actuated from the
candert wheel as usual, or at option, in another manner.
Figure 6 represents the pendant diametrically with its picces belonging
thereto. a, a, a, a, the pendant by itself; b, the screws of the swivel; c, the
pusher with its screw at the bottom, which is screwed into the pendant and
inside the machinery. c, Figure 8, when pulled with the spring f attached
to the lever d, which is connected inside with the pusher, will, by pulling up
and down and continuing so to do, put the whole machenery in motion, pro-
ceeding. from said string, ribon, chain, or anything of the kind fixed seperately
to the outside part or ring of the lever under the top of the pendant.
9
Figure 7, in the form of a round trinkett, consisting of the following pieces:
o, the outside ring or handle to fasten to f, Figure 6; p, the circular hollow
box, into which is fixed by a pillar a common barrel q, with a watch spring
inside r, round of which barrel q is annexed a small gut strings, whose one
end goes out of the side opening of the box, and to which is fixed a hook t
or a button or loop, &c., to fasten it to the breeches anywhere where most con-
venient to gain the spring motion of the leg in walking. On the top of the
barrel is placed a wheel with teeth, as is represented by Figure 8 (viz.), a.
which catches a pusher from the outside of the box p, Figure 7; a tender
brass spring c operating upon the pusher 6 to press on the wheel a when the
watch sits fast in the pocket, the string, Figure 6, being fixed to the lever d,
Figure 6, and to the ring o, Figure 7, the wearer only touches upon the
small pusher b, Figure 8, and draws the string s, Figure 7, from the outside
opening of the box p, Figure 7, and fixing it to his breeches, as before men-
tioned, touches a second time upon said small pusher b, Figure 8, and leaves the
spring craft to itself, it operating by itself from the spring r, Figure 7, in the
barrel q, Figure 7, upon the hook t, fixed to the breeches, and in the same manner
upon the lever d, Figure 6, which situation establishes the regular stretch

page_text: required for to bring the pedrometrical machenery into motion without searching
further for distance, or the stretching in any other manner. From the very same
principal of the different machinerys distinctly deliniated and described in this
Specification a pedometrical watch can be made also with two dyal plates, the
one for the top for the time of hours, minutes, seconds, and days of the month,
and the other one for the bottom for the pedometer or pace and step teller, of
any dimensions, either on one or two dyal plates, the numbers marked out
may be lessened or extended, such as the plan of Figure 1, extending only to
20,000 steps, and that of Figure 4 to 100,000, and from 100,000 it may
be extended to a million and so many millions, and any number whatsoever,
the machenery never being wound up, as is the case with a watch work; after
having made its full round, it renews the same without intermission, and con-
tinues in the same direction round as often as put in motion by walking as
directed.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Fischer, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Twenty-ninth day of September, in the twenty-third of
the reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Third, by the grace of
God of Great Britain, France, and Ireland King, Defender of the
Faith, and so forth, and in the year of our Lord One thousand seven
hundred and eighty-three