Improved Appliance for Use in Sketching, and in the Teaching of Perspective and Model Drawing.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 23rd Mar, 1895-Accepted, 27th Apr., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Appliance for Use in Sketching, and in the Teaching of
Perspective and Model Drawing.
I, CHARLES CLARK, of Fairfax Road, Prestwich, in the County of Lancaster,
School Master, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be
follows:-
:-
us
This invention is designed with the object of providing an appliance for use
in perspective drawing or for teaching the elementary principles of perspective
whereby the position of the salient points of an object in perspective, the
proportions of different parts of an object or of masses in proper proportions, as
seen, may be definitely ascertained or indicated.
It consists essentially of a rectangular sheet or plate provided with a number of
regularly placed apertures in vertical and horizontal rows through which the object
or objects are viewed and by which the relative positions of the salient points or
the proportions thereof are ascertained.
In carrying out the invention I prefer to use a sheet of zinc or other metal
cardboard or other suitable material capable of being punched or perforated of
any convenient or handy size.
This sheet I have perforated with a number of holes preferably square and of
from about one eighth of an inch to one inch in size with a space of from one
sixteenth to one quarter of an inch between any two holes. These holes are
placed in regular horizontal and vertical rows and being preferably square a given
number of them indicate an equal distance on a vertical or horizontal scale.
The sheet or plate instead of being of sheet metal and perforated may be of
glass or other transparent material with opaque bars or lines painted or printed
thereon leaving transparent spaces corresponding to the perforations or apertures
described with reference to the metal sheet.
The perforated sheet or plate is mounted in a suitable frame of wood or the like
and is provided with pedestals, brackets, stands or the like of any convenient
construction whereby it may be maintained in an upright or vertical position.
To represent the line of direction of sight on the line along which the object is
viewed a piece of tape may be employed which may be adjusted or affixed to bars
which lie between the perforations or a rod may be provided for the same purpose
with a suitable attachment at one end by which it can be connected to the
appliance.
For elementary students paper for drawing upon will be ruled in squares
corresponding to the perforations or square holes on the sheet and the position of
the salient points of the object will be marked down thereon in the square
corresponding to the square through which it is viewed on the perforated sheet or
plate. The outline can then be filled in in the ordinary way.
By the use of this appliance the elementary student may be trained in forming
correct judgments of the appearances of objects and of delineating and drawing
same in correct perspective and will easily learn in a practical manner the rules
of perspective and for artists it will be of service in quickly ascertaining the
proper proportions and situations of the several objects to be grouped on
landscape or picture and indicating how the picture should be mapped out.
a
In using the appliance it is set or held in a vertical plane in front of the user
where the desired view of the object or objects can be obtained. The tape is

page_text: placed exactly opposite the eye and a knot or other indication of the distance of
the eye from the appliance may be placed thereon so that the position from which
the object was first viewed can always be ascertained.
The squares may be marked with numerals, letters or the like and corresponding
marks may be put upon the paper either on corresponding squares ruled thereon or
merely in the margin as a guide.
Dated this 20th day of June 1894
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
6, Bank Street, Manchester, Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Appliance for Use in Sketching, and in the Teaching of
Perspective and Model Drawing.
I, CHARLES CLARK, of Fairfax Road, Prestwich, in the County of Lancaster,
School Master, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :--
This invention is designed with the object of providing an appliance for use in
perspective drawing or for tenching the principles or elementary principles of
perspective whereby the position of the salient points of an object in perspective
the proportions of different parts of an object or of masses in proper proportions
as seen may be definitely ascertained or indicated.
It consists essentially of a rectangular sheet or plane provided with a number
of regularly placed apertures or transparent places in vertical and horizontal rows
through which the object or objects are viewed and by which the relative positions
of the salient points or the proportions thereof are ascertained.
The invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying
drawings in which several examples of the invention are illustrated.
Fig. 1. Isometric perspective view of the appliance.
Fig. 2. Elevation of same.
Fig. 3. Elevation of modified form of same.
Fig. 4. Elevation of another modification.
Fig. 5. Elevation of another modification.
Fig. 6. Modified form of stand D.
The appliance is preferably constructed of a sheet A of metal cardboard or
other suitable material capable of being punched or perforated and mounted in a
frame B.
at present prefer to employ a piece of zinc perforated with a number of
rectangular holes a of say from about one-eighth inch to one inch in length and
with a space of from about one-sixteenth inch or less to one quarter inch between
one hole and the next adjacent to it. The holes a are placed in regular horizontal
and vertical rows and being preferably square a given number of them indicate an
equal distance on a vertical or horizontal scale.
The sheet or plane A instead of being of sheet metal and perforated may be of
glass or other transparent material as in Fig. 3 with opaque bars or lines a painted
or printed thereon leaving transparent spaces a corresponding to the perforations
or apertures described with reference to the metal sheet.
stead of a sheet of material perforated with holes or marked off with opaque
lines the plane A (see Fig. 4) of the appliance may be made of a number of bars a
of wire catgut cord or the like crossing one another or interwoven together
stretched across from side to side of a frame B as shown in Fig. 4.
The perforated sheet or plane A may be of any suitable size or shape either
square or oblong and I consider that about 9 to 12 inches square or 9 x 12 inches
will be a convenient size.

page_text: In Fig. 5 a much smaller size is illustrated which is suitable for a pocket plane
being portable and made to fit into the pocket. The plane may be mounted in a
suitable frame B of wood or the like and may be provided with pedestals brackets
or stands D of any convenient construction whereby it may be maintained in an
upright or vertical position. The frame B is marked with numerals or letters
down the sides so as to readily indicate the vertical or horizontal apertures a.
To represent the line or direction of sight or the line along which the object is
viewed a piece of tape may be employed which may be adjusted or affixed to the
bars which lie between the perforations or a rod may be provided for the same
purpose with a suitable attachment at one end by which it can be connected to the
appliance. Instead of a cord or rod attached to the appliance a sighter such as E
Fig. 1 may be employed with sight holes e through which the object is viewed.
When this has been adjusted the appliance can be left or returned to and the same
sight obtained both as regards distance and position.
For elementary students paper for drawing upon will be ruled in squares
corresponding to the perforations or square holes on the sheet and the position of
the salient points of the object will be marked down thereon in the square
corresponding to the square through which it is viewed on the perforated sheet or
plane. The outline can then be filled in in the ordinary way.
By the use of this appliance the elementary student may be trained in forming
correct judgments of the appearances of objects and of delineating and drawing
same in correct perspective and will easily learn in a practical manner the rules of
perspective and for artists it will be of service in quickly ascertaining the proper
proportions and situations of the several objects to be grouped in a landscape or
picture and indicating how the picture should be mapped out.
In using the appliance it is set or held in a vertical plane in front of the user
where the desired view of the object or objects can be obtained.
Where a tape is
used it is attached to the plane exactly opposite to the eye and a knot or slide
may be placed thereon at the distance of the eye from the appliance. Or where the
sighter E is used the object is sighted through one of the holes e therein. By this
means the position from which the object was first viewed can again be readily
ascertained.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An appliance for use in drawing or teaching perspective consisting of a sheet
or plane with a number of transparent spaces or openings alternating with opaque
lines or spaces placed in vertical and horizontal rows through which the object can
be viewed and the salient points ascertained substantially as described.
2. An appliance for use in drawing or teaching perspective consisting of a
rectangular sheet or plane of sheet metal cardboard or the like with a number of
perforations punched therein in vertical and horizontal rows mounted in a suitable
frame with indicating numbers or letters inscribed thereon substantially as and for
the purpose described.
3. An appliance for use in drawing or teaching perspective consisting of a plane
provided with a number of openings or apertures in regular vertical or horizontal
rows formed by stretching bars of wire catgut cord or the like in a suitable
rectangular frame on the side of which are inscribed indicating numbers or letters
substantially as and for the purpose described.
4. An appliance for use in drawing or teaching perspective constructed
substantially as described and shown.
Dated this 2nd day of March 1805
WM. P. THOMPSON & Co.,
Manchester, Liverpool, and London, Patent Agents.