IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING FRAMES USED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1872

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Richard Shaw, of Higher Walton, near Preston,
in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS
IN DRAWING FRAMES USED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER
FIBROUS MATERIALS."
Sealed the 15th November 1872, and dated the 18th May 1872.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Richard Shaw at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th May 1872.
I, RICHARD SHAW, of Higher Walton, near Preston, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING FRAMES USED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND
OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," to be as follows:
-
In the drawing frames at present in use the slivers from the cams are
guided in holes, notches, recesses, or between pins in stationary guide.
plates in front of the spoons of the ordinary stopping motion, and when
there is a knot or entanglement in a sliver it cannot pass through or
between its corresponding guide, and therefore as the sliver is held and

page_text: the rollers are drawing the sliver is immediately broken and the machine
stopped by the ordinary stopping motion, and although it is well known
that the breakages and lappings have a prejudicial effect on the future
rovings and yarns no successful attempts have hitherto been made to
prevent them.
The object of my Invention is to prevent the breakage of a sliver if it
happens to be knotted or entangled by making the knot or entanglement
the cause of stopping the machine before any breakage can take place,
and in one arrangement instead of making the guide plates stationary I
make them capable of vibrating by having pivots at their ends fitted to
bearings, and to each plate is fixed an arm or lever opposite another
arm or lever fixed to the ordinary rocking shaft. When the machine is
at work and there is a knot or entanglement the guide plate yields to
the pressure of the said knot or entanglement, and allows the sliver to
pass forwards unbroken, and at the same time that the guide plate
yields the arm or lever upon it is moved, so that the arm or lever on
the rocking shaft shall come in contact with it to arrest the motion of
the rocking shaft, and stop the machine in the usual manner, and
after the knot or entanglement is shaken or pulled out the machine
is set on and the unbroken sliver passes onwards to the drawing
rollers.
The guide plates may have at their ends projections fitting guides so
that a sliding motion can be given to them instead of a vibrating one,
and the moveable plates can work in connection with any stopping
motion applied to drawing frames, and also instead of moveable plates
moveable guide pins can be used to act on the rocking shaft.
: In other arrangements I make the knot or entanglement the cause of
stopping the machine without breaking the sliver by employing stationary
curved or inclined bars, plates, or wires, between which the slivers pass,
so that when there is a knot or entanglement it shall ride on the curves
or inclines, and remove the sliver from the spoon, the effect of which is
that the arm opposite the spoon drops, and causes the stoppage of the
machine in the usual manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION In pursuance or the conditions L ՆԵ ԼԵՆՆԵՏ ԱՆԵՄ,
filed by the said Richard Shaw in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 18th November 1872.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
SHAW, of Higher Walton, near Preston, in the County of Lancaster,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Eighteenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two, in the thirty-
fifth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto me, the said Richard Shaw, Her special license that
I, the said Richard Shaw, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or
such others as I, the said Richard Shaw, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN DRAWING FRAMES
USED IN THE PREPARATION OF COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon
the condition, amongst others, that I, the said Richard Shaw, by an
instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard Shaw, do hereby declare.
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement (that is to say) :-
In the drawing frames at present in use the slivers from the cams are
guided in holes, notches, recesses, or between pins in stationary guide
plates in front of the spoons of the ordinary stopping motion, and when.
there is a knot or entanglement in a sliver it cannot pass through or.
between its corresponding guide, and therefore as the sliver is held and
the rollers are drawing the sliver is immediately broken and the machine
stopped by the ordinary stopping motion, and although it is well known.

page_text: that the breakages and lappings have a prejudicial effect on the future
rovings and yarns no attempts made to prevent them have hitherto been
successful, and the object of my Invention is to prevent the breakage of
a sliver if it happens to be knotted or entangled by making the knot or
entanglement the cause of stopping the machine before any breakage
can take place.
This Invention will be clearly understood by the following particular
description thereof, reference being had to the figures and letters on the
accompanying Sheet of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 is an end elevation,
and Fig. 2 a transverse section of part of a drawing frame provided with
one arrangement for stopping the machine if a sliver happens to be
knotted or entangled; Fig. 3, a front view of one of the parts detached;
Fig. 4, an end elevation, and Fig. 5 a transverse section of part of a
drawing frame provided with another arrangement for effecting the same
object; and Figs. 6 and 7 are front and end views of detached parts, all
the Figures being drawn about half size.
In Figs. 1, 2, 4, and 5, a represents the ordinary rocking shaft of the
drawing frame; b, the hooked arms or levers fixed to it; c, the spoons;
d, the sliver; and e the rod to keep the slivers in their proper positions
in their passage from the cans.
Instead of employing the ordinary stationary and nearly upright guide
plates for the slivers I make them capable of vibrating or moving by
having at their ends pivots placed in bearings formed in stationary
brackets, and in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, f represents one of the moveable guide
plates; g, the pivots; h, Fig. 1, the bearings; i, one of the brackets;
and the guiding slots. To each guide plate is fixed a balanced arm or
lever opposite another arm or lever fixed to the rocking shaft a,
which works in bearings in the brackets i.
When the machine is at work and there is a knot or entanglement e¹
in the sliver d its corresponding guide plate yields to the pressure of
the said knot or entanglement, and allows the sliver to pass forwards
unbroken, and at the same time that the guide plate yields the arm or
lever is moved so that the arm or lever on the rocking shaft shall
come in contact with it, as shewn in Fig. 2, and arrest the motion of the
rocking shaft, and stop the machine in the usual manner, and after the
knot or entanglement is shaken or opened out the machine is set on, and
the unbroken sliver passes onwards to the drawing rollers. The guide
plates may have at their ends projections fitting guides so that a sliding

page_text: motion can be given to them instead of a vibrating one, and the plates
can work in connection with any stopping motion applied to drawing
frames, and also instead of moveable plates moveable guides pins in
connection with an arm for arresting the motion of the rocking shaft
can be employed.
In other arrangements I make the knot or entanglement the cause
of stopping the machine without breaking the sliver by employing
stationary curved, inclined, or angular plates, bars, or wires having slots
or spaces between which the slivers pass, so that when there is a knot
or entanglement it shall ride on the curve, incline, or angle, and remove
the sliver from the spoon, the effect of which is that the hooked arm of
the spoon drops, and causes the stoppage of the machine in the usual
manner.
In the end view Fig. 4, transverse section Fig. 5, and front view
Fig. 6, I represent a stationary guide plate having the part where the
slivers are guided shaped as an angle with a curved apex, the angle
being marked n, o, and the curved apex p, Figs. 4 and 5, and below the
part n there is a curved part q for keeping the slivers in a proper position
in their passage from the cans, but in Fig. 7 I shew an end view of a
plate without the curved part at the bottom, the rod e, Figs. 1 and 2,
being used instead, and in Fig. 6 the spaces r are for enabling the parts
behind to be seen.
When there is no knot or entanglement the sliver passes through the
lower part of one of the slots 8, Fig. 6, but if there is a knot or entangle-
ment it rises in its slot, and rides on the upper part of the plate so as
to remove the sliver d from the spoon c, as shewn in Fig. 5, thereby
allowing the hooked arm t of the spoon to drop and come in contact
with the arm b in order to arrest the motion of the rocking shaft and
stop the working of the machine, in the same manner as if the sliver is
broken or absent, and when the knot or entanglement is shaken or
opened out the machine is set on, and the sliver passes onwards to the
rollers, and thus it will be seen that if a sliver is knotted or entangled it
is prevented from being broken by making the knot or entanglement
the cause of stopping the machine, and that is the main feature of my
Invention.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Inven-
tion, I desire it to be understood that in drawing frames used in the
preparation of cotton and other fibrous materials, I claim,―

page_text: First. The system of preventing the breakage of a sliver if it is
knotted or entangled by making the knot or entanglement the cause of
stopping the working of the machine.
Secondly. The employment for the passage of the slives of move-
able guide plates or their equivalents having arms or levers opposite
other arms or levers on the rocking shaft of the ordinary stopping
motion.
And thirdly. The employment of stationary guide plates, bars, or wires
of a curved, inclined, or angular shape, for raising the knotted or entangled
sliver above the spoon of the ordinary stopping motion, as all such 1
improvements are herein described and illustrated on the accompanying
Sheet of Drawings, or any modifications thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard Shaw, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this Fifteenth day of November, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-two.
Signed, sealed, and delivered by the
within-named Richard Shaw, in
the presence of
G. SEPTIMUS HUGHES,
Patent Agent,
Manchester.
RICHARD SHAW. (L.S.)