IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR CASTING OR MOULDING ARTICLES IN GLASS AND IN IMITATION OF PRECIOUS STONES OR MARBLES
Year: 1863

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Adolphe Boubée, of Paris, in the Empire of France,
Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
CASTING OR MOULDING ARTICLES IN GLASS AND IN IMITATION OF PRECIOUS
STONES OR MARBLES."
Sealed the 28th April 1868, and dated the 21st January 1863.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Adolphe Boubée at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 21st
January 1863.
I, ADOLPHE BOUBÉE, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Manufacturer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR CASTING OR MOULDING ARTICLES IN GLASS AND IN IMITATION OF
PRECIOUS STONES OR MARBLES," to be as follows:-
My Invention relates in the first place to the manufacture of glass globes
for lamps or lanterns for the purposes of signal lights and other uses, watch
glasses, and other articles in glass in which a varied or ornamented surface is
required; and my Invention for this purpose consists in the construction and
use of moulds formed in three or more parts, but by preference in three parts
united by two hinges, such moulds having formed in them perforations of any
required number, size, and shape, so that portions of the molten glass when

page_text: blown into them may be caused to protrude through the perforations and
constitute curved projections on the surface of the article, or separate curved
glasses when detached from the intervening portions of glass by which they
are united in the mould.
And my Invention relates in the second place to the manufacture of knobs
for doors, handles for walking-sticks and umbrellas, buttons, studs, and other
articles made in imitation of agates or other precious stones or marbles. And
my Invention for this purpose consists in the use of an instrument in the
form of a vice or pincers, with suitably formed dies inserted in the jaws
thereof, in which the molten composition is inserted and pressed, and with a
vertical rod or stem capable of adjustment as to height, in order to make the
requisite cavity in certain of the articles by occupying the space that would be
otherwise occupied by some of the composition or material.
And my Invention for this purpose consists, further, in the use of a mould
hinged as stated above, but, instead of having perforations, with the interior
formed to suit the required shape of the articles, which are caused to take
their shape therefrom by the pressure given to the composition or material by
the operation of the workman.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Adolphe Boubée in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
4th July 1863.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ADOLPHE
BOUBÉE, of Paris, in the Empire of France, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-first day of January, in the year of our Lord!
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, in the twenty-sixth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Adolphe Boubée, Her special license that I, the said Adolphe
Boubée, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I,
the said Adolphe Boubée, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN APPARATUS FOR CASTING OR MOULDING ARTICLES IN GLASS AND IN IMITATION OF
PRECIOUS STONES OR MARBLES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the

page_text: said Adolphe Boubée, by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Adolphe Boubée, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the
letters and figures marked thereon (that is to say):-
My Invention of "Improvements in Apparatus for Casting or Moulding
Articles in Glass and in Imitation of Precious Stones or Marbles," relates in
the first place to the manufacture of glass globes for lamps or lanterns for
the purposes of signal lights and other uses, watch glasses and other articles
in glass in which a varied or ornamented surface is required; and my
Invention for this purpose consists in the construction and use of moulds
formed in three or more parts, but by preference in three parts united by two
hinges, such moulds having formed in them perforations of any required
number, size, and shape, so that portions of the molten glass when blown into
them may be caused to protrude through the perforations and constitute curved
projections on the surface of the article, or separate curved glasses when
detached from the intervening portions of glass by which they are united in
the mould.
And my Invention relates, in the second place, to the manufacture of knobs
for doors, handles for walking-sticks and umbrellas, buttons, studs,' and other
articles made in imitation of agates or other precious stones or marbles. And
my Invention for this purpose consists in the use of an instrument in the
form of a vice or pincers, with suitably formed dies inserted in the jaws
thereof, in which the molten composition is inserted and pressed, and with a
vertical rod or stem capable of adjustment as to height, in order to make
the requisite cavity in certain of the articles by occupying the space that
would be otherwise occupied by some of the composition or material.
And my Invention for this purpose consists, further, in the use of a mould
binged as stated above, but, instead of having perforations, with the interior
formed to suit the required shape of the articles, which are caused to take
their shape therefrom by the pressure given to the composition or material by
the operation of the workman.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention, I will proceed to
describe more particularly in what manner the same is to be performed by

page_text: reference to the accompanying Drawings, in which are represented the per-
forated mould and the vice or pincers above referred to.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a horizontal section of the perforated mould, with a globe of glass
therein; Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same; Fig. 3 is a vertical section
of a lamp globe as made in such mould; and Fig. 4 represents the vice or
pincers above referred to.
The mould represented in the Drawing is composed of three pieces A, A, A,
and is furnished with two hinges B, B, so as to afford the requisite facility
for opening it in order to insert the glass and to take out the article formed in
it; C, C, are a number of circular holes or perforations through which the
glass, when blown in the mould, is caused to protrude and form corresponding
convexities or projections on the outer surface, as represented at D, D, in
Fig. 3. The holes or perforations C, C, may be varied in form, and may be
arranged either regularly and of uniform size as shewn, or so as to produce
clusters of convexities or projections of varying size on the surface of the
article when required for ornamental purposes. In manufacturing articles by
means of this mould, the mould is placed on an iron plate, then opened so
that the workman may introduce into it the bulb of glass collected from the
melting pot and adhering to the end of the ordinary blowing tube. The glass
being then blown with moderate force is caused to take the form of the mould
in the usual manner, portions of such glass being thereby caused to pro-
trude through the holes or perforations C, C, as represented in Fig. 1, and
when the casting is finished the mould is to be opened and the article with-
drawn. By this means a globe such as is represented in section at Fig. 3 is
produced. This globe may have the portions of the glass intervening between
the convexities or projections D, D, ground or dulled, the convexities or pro-
jections D, D, being left transparent. It will be obvious that the mould will
be varied in size and shape according to the nature of the article required to
be produced, and in some cases the holes or perforations will form a larger
proportion to the intervening portions than as represented. This will be the
case when it is intended to make a number of separate glasses suitable for
watches by first blowing or casting them in a mould, and then separating them
from the intervening portions; and the same will be the case on a larger
scale when it intended to make glasses for signal lights for railway or other
purposes.
I will proceed now to describe the second part of my Invention relating to
the manufacture of knobs, handles for walking-sticks, and other articles in

page_text: imitation of agates or other precious stones or marbles.
For this purpose a
quantity of the stones is taken and reduced to powder, then mixed with a
certain proportion of salt of potash and saltpetre. These compositions being
passed through a sieve, are then put into a crucible and submitted to the
action of heat in an ordinary glass furnace for a period of about nine hours;
the material is then taken out of the crucible in a compact mass, and is ready
to be used in the same manner as glass. Thus for making an imitation of
malachite the same composition is used, which is heated a second time, and
some grains of real malachite in a pounded state are thrown into the crucible.
When these materials are thoroughly fused the required product is obtained,
and in the same manner imitations of other precious stones or marbles are
produced. With the composition thus produced a number of articles, such as
knobs, handles for walking-sticks, and other articles are manufactured by
means of the vice or pincers herein-before referred to and represented in
Fig. 4. This instrument consists of a hand vice, with spring sides E, E, and
a pair of jaws adapted to receive moulds or dies F, F, of the shape required
to form the article, which are retained in the jaws by means of screws G, G,
or otherwise; H is a screw for adjusting the distance of the jaws apart; I is
a rod or stem in the centre of the instrument, which is fixed at any required
altitude by means of an adjusting screw K. The upper part of this rod or
stem forms a core for the purpose of producing a hollow space in the article
intended to receive the screw inserted in the article in order to fix it to a
walking stick or umbrella, or to fix it otherwise as may be required.
The mode of manufacturing the articles is by taking a bulb of the said
composition in a fused state on the end of a tube and inserting it between the
dies or half moulds F, F, and working the niass therein with one hand, while
with the other the jaws of the vice are squeezed strongly together. In this
manner the form of the mould or dies F, F, is impressed on the bulb of the
composition, and the article is thereby formed as required, with a cavity where
the rod or stem entered the same.
Articles may also be made from the same composition by means of hand
pressure applied to hinged moulds suitably formed in the interior in such
cases, as moulds of this kind may be more convenient for use than the vice or
pincers just described.
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I hereby declare that what I claim as of
my Invention is, -
First, the adaptation and application to the purposes described of hinged
moulds, with holes or perforations therein, through which portions of the

page_text: glass which is being cast or moulded are caused to protrude in the manner and
for the purposes described.
And, secondly, the mode described of manufacturing knobs for doors,
handles for walking sticks and umbrellas, and other articles in imitation of
precious stones or marbles.
In witness whereof, I, the said Adolphe Boubee, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the First day of July, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and sixty-three.
Witness,
WILLIAM SPENCE,
Patent Agent,
50, Chancery Lane, W.C.
A. BOUBÉE. (L.S.)