IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROTARY MACHINES OR APPARATUS DESIGNED TO SERVE AS MOTORS, PUMPS, BLOWERS, OR FLUID METERS
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Robert Lake, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake
"
& Co., Patent Agents, Southampton Buildings, London, for an Invention
of IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROTARY MACHINES OR
APPARATUS DESIGNED TO SERVE AS MOTORS, PUMPS, BLOWERS, OR FLUID
METERS." A Communication from abroad by Alexander Kaiser, of Münich,
Germany.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Robert Lake at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd December 1880.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF ROTARY MACHINES OR APPARATUS DESIGNED TO SERVE AS MOTORS, PUMPS,
BLOWERS, OR FLUID METERS." [A communication from abroad by Alexander
Kaiser, of Münich, Germany.]
This Invention relates to improvements in the construction of rotary machines or
apparatus applicable for steam or other motors, pumps, ventilators, or fans, meters
for liquids or gaseous or aeriform fluids, and for similar purposes.
A machine or apparatus constructed according to this Invention comprises the
following parts, that is to say, I provide a rotating piston fixed on a shaft. This
piston I preferably make heart or shield shaped and hollow, so that it forms as it
were a rotating box or capsule. The said piston revolves within a circular chamber
which has at opposite sides divided or partitioned ports for the admission and
exhaust of the fluid actuating the machine or apparatus or passing through the
same.
The ports herein before mentioned are closed by slide valves connected by suitable
rods with a cross piece or link which unites the valves and ensures their proper
simultaneous working. This link may be tubular and may contain a coiled spring,
in which case it is attached to the aforesaid valve rods by intermediary pins or
pieces, and will thus form an elastic connection, or it may be solid and pivotted to
the aforesaid rods and thus constitute a rigid connection.

page_text: The aforesaid circular chamber is surrounded by an annular channel or passage,
which conducts the liquid or gaseous fluid to the aforesaid ports.
The passage, the ports, and the slide-valves are so arranged that the liquid or
gaseous fluid is admitted at two opposite sides, so as to act upon two faces of the
heart or shield shaped piston simultaneously, and the said liquid or fluid is also
exhausted at two opposite points simultaneously.
This arrangement ensures continuous steady operation of the apparatus or machine,
and also offers the advantage that there is no "dead point."
By making the valves on one side of the cylindrical chamber to correspond with
those on the other, I provide for rendering a machine or apparatus of my improved
construction reversible.
In some forms of machines or apparatus embodying this Invention the annular
channel or passage surrounding the chamber may be dispensed with, and in such
case the said chamber may be provided with tubular trunks or extensions which
form the ports, and are closed by slide valves, substantially of the same kind as
those herein before specified.
Such modifications or arrangements as might be necessary to adapt my said
Invention to any special purpose will be readily understood without further
description.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said William Robert Lake in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
23rd June 1881.
WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent
Agents, Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF ROTARY MACHINES OR APPARATUS DESIGNED TO SERVE AS MOTORS, PUMPS,
BLOWERS, OR FLUID METERS." A communication from abroad by Alexander
Kaiser, of Münich, Germany.
The Invention relates to improvements in the construction of rotary machines or
apparatus applicable as steam or other motors, pumps, ventilators, or fans, or as
meters for liquids or gaseous or aeriform fluids.
The said Invention is illustrated in the accompanying Drawing, in which,
Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a machine or apparatus embodying
this Invention, and
Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same.
Figure 3 is a longitudinal section of a modified form of the said apparatus.
Figure 4 is a plan of my improved apparatus.
Figure 5 is a diagram.
Figure 6 is a horizontal section of the outer casing of the said apparatus on the
line x, x, Figures 1 and 2.
A machine or apparatus constructed according to this Invention comprises the
following parts, that is to say:-I provide a rotating piston A fixed on a shaft a.
This piston I preferably make heart or shield shaped and hollow, so that it forms
as it were a rotating box or piston wheel. The said piston revolves within a circular
chamber B, which has two series of inlet and exhaust ports E', E³, are separated from
the exhaust ports F, FI, by a partition or division. Through these ports the fluid
that actuates the machine or apparatus passes. The admission of the fluid to the
said ports is controlled by slides or slide valves D1, D2, which bear upon the
periphery of the piston, and are connected by suitable rods with a cross piece or
link that unites the valves and ensures their proper simultaneous working. This
link may be tubular and may contain a coiled spring, in which case it is attached
to the aforesaid valve rods by intermediary pins or pieces, and will thus form an
elastic connection, as shewn in Figure 1, or the said link may be solid and pivoted
to the aforesaid rods, and thus constitute a rigid connection, as illustrated in
Figure 3.
The aforesaid circular chamber B is surrounded by an annular channel or
passage G, which conducts the liquid or gaseous fluid to the aforesaid ports.
The passage G, the ports, and the slides or slide valves are so arranged that the
liquid or gaseous fluid is admitted through the branch channels E' and E' at two.
opposite sides of the heart or shield shaped piston, so as to act upon two faces of
the said piston simultaneously, and the said liquid or fluid is exhausted or passes
out through the branch channels F1 and F at two opposite points simultaneously.
This arrangement ensures the continuous and steady operation of the apparatus
or machine, as the piston shaft a is thereby relieved from strain; moreover, the
slides or partitions D¹, D³, are so placed relatively to the sides of the piston, that
the momentum of the liquid or fluid passing through the apparatus remains always
constant, and consequently there is no "dead point" and the rotation of the piston,
or the delivery of liquid or gas is continuous and even.
By making the valves on one side of the cylindrical chamber to correspond with
those on the other side I provide for rendering a machine or apparatus of my
improved construction reversible. The piston A can readily be rendered steam
tight at its sides by means of cylindrical rings 6 and 6', as shown in Figure 2.

page_text: When the piston A rotates the slides D' and D2 which rest in contact with its
periphery are by reason of the shape of the said piston caused to oscillate, they
making three double oscillations for each revolution of the said piston A. These
slides Ď¹ and D2 determine the path taken by the fluid admitted to the machine,
that is to say, they cause the fluid to pass on the one hand from the inlet channel E'
into the space B, and from thence through the outlet-channel F, and on the other
hand from the inlet-channel E2 into the space B, and thence through the outlet
port F¹.
In Figure 3 the machine is shewn with a piston A, which is so shaped that the
distance between the slides D1, D2, is constant during their oscillation, thus per-
initting the use of a rigid connection between the said slides, as shewn. In Figure 1,
however, the piston has the shape of an ordinary triangle bounded by curves, so
that the distance between the slides varies during the revolution of the said piston,
and consequently the connection between them must be flexible, that is to say, the
elastic connection above described and shewn in Figure 1 must be used.
In some forms of machines or apparatus embodying this Invention the annular
channel or passage surrounding the chamber may be dispensed with, and in such
case the said chamber. may have the two series of inlet and outlet ports E', E²,
and F, F, arranged on the same plane as indicated in Figure 5 instead of side
by side, as above described and as shewn in Figures 1 and 2.
Such modifications or arrangements as might be necessary to adapt my said
Invention to any of the special purposes above mentioned will be readily understood
without further description.
When the improved machine above described is to be utilized as a pump the
same will with one piston evenly and continuously deliver the liquid passing
through the same, and will raise a greater quantity in a given time than similar
pumps as heretofore constructed, the cavities or spaces H1, H2, and H³, becoming
filled and exhausted twice in each revolution of the piston.
When the said machine is to be used as a meter my Invention will afford means
for the direct measurement and delivery of the passing liquid or gas with one
piston only.
Having thus fully described the said Invention as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, and the manner of performing the same, I wish it understood
that I claim in a rotary machine or apparatus to be used as a motor, a pump, a
blower, or fluid meter,-
First. The employment of a hollow rotating piston enclosed in a casing, having
two series of inlet and exhaust ports separated by a partition, and arranged in
combination with slides united by an elastic or a rigid connection, all substantially
as above set forth and as illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The casing constructed or provided with inlet and outlet ports, separated
by a partition, substantially as and for the purpose above set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Robert Lake, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty third day of June, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
DADT T
;