IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS COOKING OVENS
Year: 1883

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sigismund Leoni of 66 St Paul's Street Packington
Street, in the County of Middlesex, Gas Engineer. for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS COOKING OVENS."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Sigismund Leoni at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 2nd October 1883:
SIGISMUND LEONI of 66 St Pauls Street, Packington Street, in the County of
Middlesex Gas Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS COOKING OVENS
"
My invention has reference in the first place to an improved mode of introducing
the air for supporting combustion in gas cooking ovens, and in the second place to
the economy and utilization of the heat produced within such ovens but decreasing
the amount of external radiation
And my invention consists in constructing and arranging my improved oven in
the manner hereinafter stated.
The sides and back surrounding three sides of the oven consist of two chambers,
the inner one immediately next to the oven, and the outer one surrounding the
inner one on three sides, the front with door forming the fourth side.
The external air is admitted at the bottom, and drawn upwards to the top of
the oven through a flat tube placed preferably against or near the back and inside
the oven, the top of the oven is hollow, and the air passes down through suitable
openings from such top into the inner chamber above mentioned from whence it
issues through holes at the lower part of the sides thereof and under the burning
gas jets in the interior of the oven which are thus supplied with air in a manner
suitable for perfect combustion
The flat tube being in direct contact with the heat generated from the gas jets
in the oven causes the air within the same to move at a high velocity and the heat
from the said gas jets causes a down draught which draws the hot air so as to
reach the inside of the oven where it is required for combustion.
The outer chamber filled with cool air prevents outside radiation.
By means of the above named arrangement for the introduction of hot air both
for the purpose of combustion and of isolating the heat from external radiation,
the required temperature within the cooking chamber is obtained with a smaller
consumption of gas than in the ordinary manner.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Sigismund Leoni in the Patent Office on the 1st April 1884.
SIGISMUND LEONI of 66 St Pauls Street Packington Street in the County of
Middlesex Gas Engineer " IMPROVEMENTS IN GAS COOKING OVENS'
"
My Invention has reference to an improved mode of introducing the air for
supporting combustion in Gas Cooking Ovens and to the economy and utilization
of the heat produced within such Ovens
And my Invention consists in constructing and arranging my improved Oven in
the manner hereinafter described.
The sides and back of the Oven consist of two Chambers the inner one
immediately next to the Oven and the outer one surrounding the inner one on
three sides the front with the door forming the fourth side.
The external air is admitted at the bottom and drawn upwards to the top of the
Oven through a flat circular or other shaped tube placed preferably against or near
the back and inside the Oven In one arrangement the top of the Oven is hollow
and the air passes down through suitable openings from such top into the inner
Chamber above mentioned from whence it issues through holes at a lower part of
the sides thereof and under the burning gas jets in the interior of the Oven which
are thus supplied with air in a manner suitable for perfect combustion Or instead
of the Tube for the introduction of the air being situated inside the Oven it may
be arranged inside the Chamber next to and surrounding the Oven and would then
be shaped like a syphon Or again a syphon-shaped tube may be arranged so that
one limb would be in the interior and the other limb in the Chamber next the
interior of the Oven-When I employ a syphon-shaped tube the air after being
drawn into one limb is conducted at once over a bend and down the second limb of
the syphon shaped tube and enters the Oven near the burning gas jets.
The air tube being acted upon by the heat of the Gas jets in the Oven either
directly or indirectly (according to the position of the inlet tube which is either
inside the Oven or in the Chamber next to and surrounding the Oven) the air
within such tube is thereby caused to travel at a high velocity and the heat from
the said gas jets also causes a down draught which draws the air so as to reach the
inside of the Oven where it is required for combustion.
The outer Chamber filled with cool air prevents outside radiation
By means of the above named arrangements for the introduction of hot air for
the purpose of combustion the required temperature within the cooking chamber
is obtained with a smaller consumption of gas than in the ordinary manner.
Having thus stated the nature of the said Invention I will proceed to describe
more particularly in what manner the same is to be performed by the aid of the
accompanying drawings in which are represented the different modes of introducing
air into gas Cooking Ovens above referred to.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig 1 represents in perspective the interior of a Gas Cooking Oven with my
improved method of introducing air applied thereto. Figures 2 and 3 shew the
same with different modifications of such method Figures 4 and 5 are partial
horizontal sections of Figs 2 and 3 respectively In these several Figures the same
letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.
In Fig 1 A is the outer casing of the Oven B is a Chamber for cool air in order
to prevent outside radiation C is a Chamber between the casing A and the interior
of the Oven for receiving heated air and supplying it thereto at or near the gas

page_text: jets D through apertures E as shewn F is a flat tube for admitting fresh external
air at the bottom of the Oven which air in its passage through the tube F receives
heat from the interior of the Oven and enters the hollow top or Chamber G whence
it passes through the apertures H H into the Chamber Ċ and issues therefrom
through the holes E E near the gas jets D D as shewn.
In Fig 2 the tube F for introducing fresh air at the bottom of the Oven is
inserted in the Chamber C and is in the form of a syphon of which one limb
receives the fresh air at its lower end and the other limb conveys it downwards
through the Chamber C whence it is discharged in a heated state into the interior
of the Oven near the gas jets D.
In Fig 3 the tube F has the limb of the syphon for introducing the fresh air
inserted in the interior of the Oven and the other limb (for conveying the heated
air to the part underneath the gas jets D) in the Chamber C
In these several arrangements it will be seen that the fresh external air admitted
at the bottom of the Oven into the tube F will become heated in its passage
through the Chamber C and be discharged into the interior of the Oven near the
gas jets D thereby aiding the combustion of the Gas and increasing the heat as
required.
By means of the above described process of injecting air into the Oven through
a tube a more perfect combustion is obtained with a smaller consumption of gas.
It is to be observed that the Oven is closed against any admission of external
air except at the inlet tube F
Having thus described the nature of the said Invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed I hereby declare that what I claim as of my
Invention is.
The construction of a Gas Cooking Oven with a tube or inlet for fresh external
air arranged so that the air admitted thereinto near the bottom thereof may
become heated and be supplied in a heated state to the interior of the Oven near
the gas jets in the manner and for the purpose substantially as hereinbefore
described.
In witness whereof I the said Sigismund Leoni have hereunto set my hand
and seal this first day of April in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and eighty four