Improvements in the Manufacture of Steel or Ingot Iron and Phosphate of Lime.
Year: 1887

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Apr., 1887
Complete Left, 26th Jan., 1888
Complete Accepted, 23rd Mar., 1888
Improvements in the Manufacture of Steel or Ingot Iron and
Phosphate of Lime.
I, RICHARD SMITH CASSON of The Round Oak Works, Brierley Hill, in the
County of Stafford, Iron Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the production of steel or ingot iron from what is known
as Puddlers tap cinder droppings, Flue cinder, Best tap, and the like, and the inven-
tion consists in treating said materials in a basic lined Siemens or open hearth furnace
with a certain quantity of pig iron or iron or steel scrap or with scale or hammer slag
to which may be added such quantities of spiegeleisen ferro manganese or other
substances as may be necessary to produce the desired quality of steel or iron while
the cinder or slag resulting from the process may be tapped or drawn into basic lined
vessels with a view to the production of phosphate of lime for agricultual or other
uses.
3511
1007
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Applicant's Agent.

page_text: Improvements in the Manufacture of Steel or Ingot Iron and
Phosphate of Lime.
I, RICHARD SMITH CASSON of The Round Oak Works, Brierley Hill, in the County
of Stafford, Iron Manufacturer, do hereby declaro the nature of this invention and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to the production of steel or ingot iron from what is known
as Puddlers tap cinder, droppings, Fluo cinder, Best tap, and the like, and the inven-
tion consists in treating said materials in a basic lined Siemens' or open hearth furnace
with a certain quantity of pig iron, or iron, or steel scrap, or with scale or hammer
slag to which may be added such quantities of spiogeleisen, ferro manganese or other
substances as may be necessary to produce the desired quality of steel or iron while
the cinder or slag resulting from the process may be tapped or drawn into basic lined
or other vessels with a view to the production of phosphate of lime for agricultural
or other uses.
The tap cinder, charcoal cinder, or similar artificially produced silicates of iron are
preferably first roasted either alone or mixed with lime to convert the protoxides into
peroxides of iron and afterwards charged with lime or limestone on to the bottom of
a basic lined Siemens or open hearth furnace or converter, the pig and scrap being
charged as usual on the top of them. The proportion of cinder to pig varies with
their respective compositions and may be from 6 to 10 cwt. of cinder to the ton of
metal used. Part of the cinders may sometimes be advantageously charged with the
metal and the remainder in admixture with lime after the bath of pig is melted. The
ordinary test samples will determine the proportions to be thus charged. When
hammer scale, roll scale or best paddlers tap is obtainable they may advantageously
be mixed with the above cinders. The roll scale should be washed or riddled to free
it as far as possible from sand. When such scale or tap can be obtained in quantity
they may be used entirely without the ordinary tap but the low value of the latter will
generally be of advantage.
The "tap cinders" referred to have about the following compositions:
Best Ball Furnace tap.
Common Puddlers tap.
Silica
20

page_text: Whether the cinders be used alone in the rough state, or in the form of bricks, it
is always advisable to maintain as reducing a flamme as possible in the furnace.
The slag resulting from the process will contain phosphoric acid (as phosphate of
lime) derived from the impure pig or other iron used as in the ordinary basic working
but in addition to this it will also contain the phosphoric acid contained in the
puddlers tap, droppings and the like which were added to the charge and thus said slag
will be highly phosphoric-It may be run into ordinary cast iron or other moulds but
it is thought that silicious lined vessels would bo rapidly destroyed by such slag and
therefore I prefer to run it into basic lined vessels and when cold it may be ground to
a fine power and used in its raw state on the land or where very rich in phosphoric
acid it may be treated by some of the known chemical processes for the preparation
of pure phosphate of lime from basic slag.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1st. The improvements in the manufacturo of steel or ingot iron hereinbefore
described which consists in treating the metal in a basic lined open hearth furnace or
converter with an admixture of common puddlers tap, best ball furnace tap or
analogous cinders, substantially as set forth.
2nd. The improvements in the manufacture of steel or ingot iron hereinbefore
described which consists in treating the metal in a basic lined open hearth furnace or
converter with an admixture of common puddlers tap, cinder or analogous silicates
combined with coke dust and lime, substantially as set forth.
3rd. The improvements in the production of phosphate of lime which consist in
treating the metal as bereinbefore described and running the slag therefrom into basic
lined or other vessels, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 26th day of January 1888.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London,
Applicant's Agent.