Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Cleansing Loose Filtering Material and the like.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 23rd Nov., 1897-Accepted, 12th Feb., 1898
Improvements in and connected with Apparatus for Cleansing Loose
Filtering Material and the like.
I, HANS REISERT, of 34, Huhngasse, Cologne, in the Province of the Rhine,
German Empire, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:-
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This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for the cleansing of loose
filtering material, and has for its object to effect a rapid, efficient and entire
removal of the sediment deposited in such filtering material during the process
of filtration.
It may be assumed as known, that filters, in which loose material, such as grit,
sand and the like, are employed as filtering material, that in such filters, simply
a return flow of water does not suffice to remove the slime or other sediment
extracted from the water and deposited by the proper action of the said filtering
material.
as for
For this reason it has been found necessary to resort to other means
instance the employment of an agitator, or the employment of an air-valve to force
air under the filtering material.
Moreover it should also be remarked, that not even clean or filtered water can be
used as a return flow, for the purpose of this before mentioned cleansing, where for
instance the level of the clean or filtered water is below that of the sediment cock
or valve.
It, therefore, follows, that unfiltered water must be used to effect the washing
of the filtering material, which possesses the disadvantage, that the filtering
material is not sufficiently cleansed. To simply and efficiently remove this dis-
advantage, is the object of my invention which have illustrated in the accompany-
ing drawing, in which:-
-:
Figure 1 shows my improved cleansing apparatus attached to a filter: (here for
the sake of clearness I have represented the ordinary process of filtration).
Figure 2 illustrates the operation of cleansing the filter.
Figures 3 and 4 are modifications, in which my improved water-jet-cleansing
apparatus is so arranged, that the said cleansing water apparatus or pipe service
is attached to the sediment division of the filter, in contra-distinction to Figures 1
and 2, where the cleansing-water-apparatus is attached to the lower portion of the
filter, so that the cleansing water would pass through the filtered water pipe service
in the direction of the arrows.
In my improved apparatus, however, in order to effect the rapid removal of the
slime or sediment I make use of the return flow either of unfiltered water or of
filtered water (even where the water level of the filtered water tank is below that
of the sediment valve).
I attain this result by imparting to the return flow in any suitable manner, a
great increase of speed, so that at the same time 5-10 times as much water passes
through the filtering material during the cleansing of the filter, than during the
normal working of the same.

page_text: To obtain this increased speed, I preferably arrange in the outlet pipe for filtered
water a steam- or water-jet-apparatus, in such manner, that upon putting the
same into action, the return flow is considerably accelerated, whereby the said
filtering material must be considerably displaced, and the slime or şediment con-
tained in the same quickly and effectively removed. In accordance with the
condition of cleanliness of the filter or, more precisely, in accordance with the
kind or amount of slime or sediment contained in the same it may, or may not
be desirable, to even stir up, i.e. to more considerably displace the filtering material.
To provide for such cases I preferably arrange upon the water-jet-apparatus L
(Figures 1-4) an air-valve h in such manner, that, when the beforesaid apparatus L
is set in action, the said valve h draws in air, which, becoming mixed with the
water and reaching the under portion of the filtering material, causes a violent
agitation of the same, and thus effects the desired displacement of the sediment.
For the modification shown in Figures 3 and 4 as described in the preamble of
this Specification, I prefer that the filter should be closed at the top, from which
follows, that the cleansing water can be sucked up through the filter and through
the clean or filtered water tank. If necessary, here again, air can be utilised for
the cleansing by the aid of a similar air-valve as mentioned in connection with the
description of the construction shown in Figures 1 and 2.
Further it may be remarked, that the air-valve h could, of course, be arranged
to enter the filtered water tank, and the water and air are there mixed for the
purpose of effecting a better circulation of the same.
It should also be mentioned, that in order to provide a suitable diameter for
the flow of the filtered water I can arrange the valves in such manner, that when
the jet-apparatus L is provided upon, or attached to the pure or filtered water-tank,
the same is so constructed, that, when put into action, that is to say, when the
valve is opened, the valve-nozzle a is pressed against the valve seat s, so that
the communication of the pipe R with the pipe ¹ can only take place through
the nozzle opening, whereas, when the air-valve is closed, the nozzle a is lifted
from the valve seat s, so that the communication of the two pipes R and R¹ can take
place, not only through the nozzle a, but also through the valve-seats (Figure 5).
For this purpose I construct the nozzle a of conical shape and arrange
the same upon the valve in such manner, that upon the opening
of the valve the said nozzle a is pressed against the valve-seats, whereas upon
This
the closing of the valve the nozzle a is lifted from the said valve-seat s.
construction is necessary in order to give my improved jet-apparatus the same
diameter or section, as the tubes R R¹, otherwise said diameter would be too
narrowed or contracted by the use or insertion of the nozzle a.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
1. The method of washing loose filtering material, consisting in forcing the
washing water into and through the filtering material by means of an improved
jet-apparatus, a compressor, or the like, so arranged that the slime or other impurity
upon or in the said filtering material, is either removed by the washing water
alone, in consequence of the agitation resulting from its great velocity, or, the
washing water operates in combination with air, sucked in by the respective
apparatus, and forced also into and through the said material, substantially as
described.
2. The method of washing loose filtering material, consisting in sucking the
washing water through the filtering material by means of an improved jet-apparatus
a compressor or the like, so arranged, that either the washing water alone remove
the slime of said material, in consequence of the agitation resulting from its grea
velocity, or, the washing water operates in combination with air, sucked in by
the respective apparatus, and forced also into and through the said material, sub
stantially as described.

page_text: 3. As a means for carrying out the method claimed under Claim 1, the combina-
tion with the delivery pipe in a filtering apparatus, or with a special washing-
pipe, of a steam- or water-jet-apparatus, compressor, or the like, arranged in one
or the other of said two pipes, for the purpose and substantially as herein before
described.
4. Apparatus or means for carrying out the process claimed under Claim 2, the
combination with the slime or sediment-pipe, in a filtering-apparatus, of a steam-
or water-jet-apparatus, arranged in said pipe, for the purpose and substantially
as described.
5. A cleansing or washing apparatus for filters, of the kind claimed under
Claim 3, in which the jet-nozzle a forms a conical valve, said valve being adapted
to be displaced or lifted from the valve seat of the same, as soon as the jet-
apparatus is put out of action, in such manner, that hereby the diameter of the
outlet-pipe is increased, for the purpose and substantially as described.
Deted this 23rd day of November 1897.
HANS REISERT,
By Geo. Thos. Hyde,
No. 1, Broad Street Buildings, Liverpool Street, E.C.,
Agent for the Applicant.