IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Lomax and Joseph Lomax, of Over
"
Darwen, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Makers, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES."
A
Sealed the 20th June, 1871, and dated the 20th January 1871.

page_text: or stud, and the studs on the various discs are connected by links;
motion being by the ordinary pulley imparted to the first driving shaft
is by the discs, studs, and links transmitted to the shafts so connected
without the aid of gear
wheels.
Secondly. We impart motion to the needle bar by means of an
oscillating cam and bowl, connected by a double crank and stud with
the ordinary link of the needle bar. The oscillating cam is supported
(eccentric) on a stud, and the driving shaft is passed through an aperture
in the said cam. In the driving shaft is an eccentric which imparts to
the cam the oscillation required, so as to reduce friction on or in the
cam groove employed for actuating and "timeing" the needle bar.
Thirdly. By the use of a slight swell or projection on the needle bar
the tension spring is overcome, and the tension on the thread is removed
at the time or when the shuttle is passed through the loop of the
thread.
Fourthly. When “ fulling," the "under feed" is moved in a slot so
as to raise the fore part of the feed, so as to act only on that part of the
fabric not fulled.
Fifthly. The shuttle carrier is worked by an eccentric on a shaft,
extending from the pulley or driving end of the machine to near the
said carrier, so as to secure greater steadiness of motion thereto.
Sixthly. In the construction of a "grate feed," consisting of a series
of toothed or notched bars; these in equal or other number are raised
and depressed simultaneously by eccentrics, so as to secure even surface
and movement of the fabric being operated upon.
Lastly. The regulating the tension on the shuttle thread, this we effect
by the aid of a spring secured or pivotted at one end to the inside of the
shuttle; at the other end of the said spring is an adjusting screw. The
thread is passed through a hole in the side of the shuttle, and under
or between the said spring and the side of the shuttle, or a small spindle
pivotted at one end may be employed, the thread being passed through
and around the said spindle, the thread being wrapped around the
spindle more or less according to the degree of tension required.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Lomax and Joseph Lomax in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 15th July 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, HENRY
LOMAX and JOSEPH LOMAX, both of Over Darwen, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Makers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twentieth day of January, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give
and grant unto us, the said Henry Lomax and Joseph Lomax, Her
special licence that we, the said Henry Lomax and Joseph Lomax,
our executors, administrators, and assigns or such others as we, the
said Henry Lomax and Joseph Lomax, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that we, the said Henry Lomax
and Joseph Lomax, our executors or administrators, by an instrument
in writing under our, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Henry Lomax and Joseph Lomax,
do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described.
and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates,-
Firstly. To improved apparatus for imparting or transmitting rotation
to the shafts employed, which we effect by means of discs secured to the
ends of the said shafts. The disc of cach shaft carries a pin or stud,
and the studs on the various discs are connected by a link; motion being

page_text: by the ordinary pully imparted to the first driving shaft is by the discs,
studs, and link transmitted to the shafts so connected without the aid
of gear wheels.
Secondly. We impart motion to the needle bar by means of an
oscillating cam and bowl, connected by a double crank and stud with 5
the ordinary link of the needle bar. The cam is supported eccentric on
a stud, and the driving shaft is passed through an aperture in the said
cam. On the driving shaft is an eccentric which imparts to the cam
the oscillation required, so as to reduce friction on or in the cam groove
employed for actuating and timeing the needle bar.
Thirdly. By the use of a slight swell or projection on the needle bar
the tension spring is overcome, and the tension on the thread is removed
at the time, or when the shuttle is passed through the loop of the
.thread.
Lastly. The regulating the tension on the shuttle thread. This we effect 1
by the aid of a spring secured or pivoted at one end to the inside of the
shuttle; at the other end of the said spring is an adjusting screw,
and a bridge for the purpose of keeping the spring clear of the rcel
flanges.
In the Provisional Specification which we caused to be filed on our 2
application for Letters Patent, we described under the heading of
fourthly a means of working the "under feed" when "fulling; ".under
heading fifthly an eccentric for working the shuttle carrier; under
heading sixthly the construction of a "grate feed;" and under heading
lastly the use of "a spindle," through and around which the thread may 2
be wrapped, so as to obtain the desired tension. Since filing the
Provisional Specification aforesaid, we find the said parts of the Specifi-
cation describe appliances not so new or useful as at the time of filing.
the Provisional Specification we verily believed them to be, we are
therefore desirous of disclaiming, and do hereby disclaim such parts as a
⚫aforesaid.
Such being the nature and object of this our said Invention, we will
now proceed to describe the same in detail, and in order that the same
may be clearly understood we have hereunto annexed three Sheets of
Drawings, and have marked the same with figures and letters of a
reference, the same letter referring to the same part in the various
views or Figures.

page_text: Figures 1 and 2, Sheet 1, are end and side views of machine, shewing
triangular link for connecting and actuating the shafts; Figure 3
(Sheet 2) is front view of needle bar, oscillating.cam, bowl, and double
crank and stud; Figure 4 is enlarged view of cam, needle bar, and double
link; Figure 5 is a plan view of the same; Figures 6 and 7 are back views
and plan of Figure 4 and 5; Figures 8 and 9 are detail views, full size
of cam and stud, on which it oscillates, and eccentric for working foot
pressure; Figures 10 and 11 are front and side elevations of needle bar,
and double link for actuating needle bar; Figures 12 and 13 (Sheet 3)
shew spring and projection, acted on by needle bar, so as to momentary
remove tension from the thread; Figures 14 and 15 are views of the
shuttle, drawn (twice full size).
:
A, A, A, are discs secured to the ends of the shafts B, B¹, B²; at C
is shewn ordinary driving pulley. On motion being given the shaft B
the triangular link E will impart motion to the shafts B1, B2, the three
shafts being coupled together and so connected (by the link) that
positive and unvarying speed is secured to the whole. The link is shewn
detached and full size at Figure 16, Sheet 3. At G is shewn needle
bar; G¹ is the oscillating cam; G³ is an eccentric for actuating the link
and working the foot presser S (see Figure 3); G³, the bowl; G*, the.
double crank and stud. The oscillating cam G¹ is supported by the
pin G (see Figures 8 and 9, Sheet 3). An aperture or oblong hole g²
is formed in the said cam, through which shaft B passes, and on which
the eccentric H is formed; this cccentric. causes the cam.to oscillate
freely on its stud or pin G³. At Figure 18 is shewn back view of cam
and the pin G, so as to admit the bowl on the link working in or along
the groove G of the cam with the least amount of friction or resistance.
The construction of the double link is fully shewn in the various
Figures on Sheet 2 (drawn full size).
Figure 17 shews the discs constructed with movcable piece H', so as
to admit introduction, and to receive therein the link; and at Figures 12
and 13 are front and plan views of part of machine with spring M, on
which the projection N on the needle bar acts so as to remove the
tension by forcing the projection M', around which and between the
discs M², M; the thread is passed. At Figures 14 and 15 is shewn views
of shuttle, drawn twice full size, the thread from reel being passed under
the spring P, against the back of which and the side of the shuttle it
is held. The degree of tension being regulated by the screw R, the head

page_text: of this screw bearing against the inside of the shuttle admits of contraction
and expansion of the spring from its bearing point at bridge T, which
bridge also serves to prevent spring coming in contact with the flanges
of the reel.
Having thus fully described and ascertained the nature and particulars
of this our said Invention, together with the manner in which the same
is to be or may be performed or carried into practical effect, we would
have it distinctly understood that what we claim as our Invention is,―
Firstly. The discs and link for connecting and transmitting to the
three shafts positive and unvarying rotary motion, in the manner hercin 1
fully described and shewn in the Drawings..
Secondly. The double crank link, in connection with an ordinary cam,
for actuating and timeing the motion of the needle bar, as fully described
and illustrated.
Thirdly. The projection on the needle bar in connection with the I
spring and swell for removing tension, as fully described and
illustrated.
Lastly. The bridge for controlling curvature of spring within the
shuttle, as and for the purpose fully described and shewn in the
Drawings.
In witness whereof, we, the said Henry Lomax and Joseph Lomax,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Thirteenth day of
July, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-one.
Witness,
JAMES BENTLEY,
Collector,
Over Darwen.
HENRY LUMAX. (L.S.)
JOSEPH LOMAX. (L.S.)