An Improved Machine for Breaking up a Macadam or Analogous Road Crust.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 10th Nov., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 9th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 15th Oct., 1802
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Machine for Breaking up a Macadam or Analogous
Road Crust.
:-
I, ARTHUR JAMES HENDERSON, of Thames Ditton, in the County of Surrey,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to an improved machine for breaking up a macadam or
analogous road crust.
Up to the present time, the machinery used for the purpose stated has been of
the nature of a massive and heavily weighted harrow which has been dragged or
pushed along the road, the teeth of the harrow following grooves previously picked
in the surface by hand.
The action of the teeth cannot therefore be other than a riving one, all the
cohesion latent in the crust being directly opposed to the advance of the teeth
which must, therefore, be dragged through their work by brute force.
Now according to my present invention, I provide a frame which is mounted
upon suitable carrying and steering wheels. This can be dragged over the road
to be broken up by any suitable motor, and is of the proper weight to keep it down
to its work. The carrying wheels are preferably a pair, one on each side of the
front end of the frame. The steering wheel will therefore be mounted in a suitable
housing at the rear of the frame, midway between its two sides, there being suitable
gear provided for working it.
The operative, i.e., crust-breaking devices of my invention consist of drills driven
from the motor.
There may be any convenient number of drills, and they may be arranged in
one or more rows transverse of or diagonal to the frame, those of any one row
interspacing those of the one before or behind it. All the drills are set at an angle
with the vertical plane, and rake forward so that they shall drill through the crust.
It is this drilling which is the distinguishing feature of my invention.
Suitable countershafts are provided which receive their motion from the motor,
e.g., its fly wheel, through a band, and transmit it to their respective drills through
mitre or other equivalent gearing.
Any suitable and well known provision may be made for making the actual
drills detachable from the gearing, e.g., they may be, and preferably are, held by
set screws in sockets in the well known way.
Dated this 10th day of November 1891.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
An Improved Machine for Breaking up a Macadam or Analogous
Road Crust.
I, ARTHUR JAMES HENDERSON, of Thames Ditton, in the County of Surrey,
Civil Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an improved machine for breaking up a macadam or
analogous road crust.
Up to the present time, the machinery used for the purpose stated has been of
the nature of a massive and heavily weighted harrow which has been dragged "ör
pushed along the road.

page_text: The action of the teeth cannot therefore be other than a riving one, all the
cohesion latent in the crust being directly opposed to the advance of the teeth which
must, therefore, be dragged through their work by brute force.
Now, according to my present invention, I provide a frame which is mounted.
upon suitable carrying and steering wheels. This can be dragged or propelled
over the road to be broken up, by any suitable motor, and is of the proper weight
to keep it down to its work. The carrying wheels are preferably a pair, one on
each side of the front end of the frame. The steering wheel will therefore be
mounted in a suitable housing at the rear of the frame, midway between its two
sides, there being suitable gear provided for steering it.
The operative, i.e., crust-breaking devices of my invention consist of drills driven
from the motor.
There may be any convenient number of drills, and they may be arranged in one
or more rows transverse of or diagonal to the frame, those of any one row inter-
spacing those of the one before or behind it. All the drills are set at an angle
with the vertical plane, and rake forward so that they shall drill through the
crust. It is this drilling which is the distinguishing feature of my invention.
• Suitable countershafts are provided which receive their motion from the motor,
e.g., through a band from its fly wheel, and transmit it to their respective drills
through mitre or other equivalent gearing.
"Any suitable and well known provision may be made for making the actual drills
detachable from the gearing, e.g., they may be, and preferably are, held by set
screws in sockets in the well known way.
In order that the invention and the best means of carrying it into practical effect
may be thoroughly understood, I will now describe it and them in detail, referring
in so doing to the accompanying drawings which are to be taken as part of this
Specification and read therewith.
Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation illustrating the construction and operation of
the invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan corresponding therewith.
Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing the drills held out of the crust.
Fig. 4 is a sectional side elevation of a modification.
a is part of a traction engine or of a steam road roller; b, its fly wheel; c, the
driving band to the countershaft of the drills, and c', a band tightening device.
g
2 is a counter-
d is a frame mounted upon two carrying wheels e, e, and a third and rear steering
wheel. This latter is fitted with a steering mechanism
which may be of any
suitable or convenient type. The frame is made fast to the traction engine or steam
road roller, as the case may be, by any suitable flexible device, e.g., the one gl
illustrated. is the first motion shaft of the breaking up machine.
shaft driven from the shaft through suitable intermediate gearing which is
preferably of the type illustrated in the drawings. j, j are the drill sockets. These
are rotated in suitable bearings 1 through mitre gears k. 1, lare the drills. They
are shewn as arranged in a single row across the frame, but I do not confine myself
in this respect, inasmuch as they may be set in more than one row, or even in
echelon, provided that they all point downwards to the crust at an angle there-
with, and at the same time forwards in the direction in which the machine is
travelled. It is evident from the fact that as my invention demands the use of
drills and the breaking up of the crust by a drilling action, provision, in addition
to that above described for the drills being held in an oblique plane and rotated
about their respective axes and all traversed forward together, must be made for
the entire set of drills being easily raised so that they may be held by the frame
of the machine clear of the crust when the former is travelling to and from its
work. m is a portion of the frame, being a fore carriage loosely or pivotally
attached to the other and main portion of it at m'. It is to be noted that the drills
are carried by the said main portion. n is screw raising-and-lowering gear on
each side, by means of which the fore part of the frame can be raised to lift up the

page_text: drills out of work, or on the other hand lowered, to provide for them entering
the crust.
According to the modification illustrated in Fig. 4, the drill sockets jare pivotted
upon their shaft i, and o is a pinion and quadrant gear operated through the
hand wheel and shaft p. All the sockets are connected to the quadrant, so that
the angle of their inclination will be in accordance with the position of the
quadrant.
The entire machine can be attached to and worked by a steam road roller or by
an ordinary hauling traction engine. It can also be constructed so as to form an
integral part of the said engine, or it can be constructed and work as an independent
engine built specially for disturbing the crust of a macadamised or other road
preparatory to repairing and remetalling.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. Breaking up a road crust by drilling it up.
2. The combination in and with a travelling frame, of drills.
3. The combination of travelling frame, oblique drills, mechanisms for rotating
them and for lifting them out of work and putting them in again.
4. The combination of travelling frame, pivotted fore carriage, and screw gear
for raising or lowering the major or main portion of the said frame thereupon.
5. The combination with a set of drills pivotted upon the transverse shaft of a
travelling frame, of a quadrant and pinion gear adapted to swing the set of drills
upon the said transverse shaft.
Dated this 9th day of September 1892.
PHILLIPS & LEIGH,
No. 22, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.