Improvements in the Distribution of Electrical Energy.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 25th July, 1889
Complete Specification Left, 19th Apr., 1890-Accepted, 24th May. 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
[Communicated from abroad by the Firm of SIEMENS & HALSKE, of Markgrafen
Strasse, Berlin, in the German Empire, Electrical Engineers.]
Improvements in the Distribution of Electrical Energy.
We, SIEMENS BROTHERS & Co. Limited, of 12 Queen Anne's Gate, Westminster,
in the County of Middlesex, Electrical Engineers, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to the distribution of electrical energy whether with con-
tinuous or alternate currents, in which the distribution is effected on the one band by
the aid of transformers of any known construction and arrangement, and on the
other hand with the use of three or more branches or conductors.
For this purpose, referring to the accompanying diagram drawings, according to
the simplest arrangement, the outer poles of the source of electricity M Fig. 1,
whether this may consist of a single machine or of several arranged in series or
parallel, are connected to the outer poles of the primary coil p of a transformer T by
means of two main conductors, the secondary coil being connected to the three
or more branches abc of the distributing network.
The secondary coil of the transformer T is in this case divided into two or more
sections which are arranged in series, the lamps to be supplied being so arranged
that the current passes in series through the groups a b, c, &c., while equalizing
conductors which connect the ends of the separate groups with the ends of the
sections of the secondary coil arranged in series, effect the equalisation when the
consumption of current in the different groups is different.
With this arrangement it is essential that, with reference to the locality where the
currents are generated, the condition that the number of dynamo machines arranged
in series should be equal to the number of the consuming groups, which holds good
relative to a multiple branch network, should be dispensed with, and that the working
of such a network with three or more branches should be effected by means of a
single dynamo machine, or from a number of machines arranged in parallel, with only
two main leads passing from the same to the network.
Fig. 1 shews by way of example such an arrangement for the case where the current
has to be supplied in series to two groups only. M is the current generating machine
and p the primary coil of the transformer T, the secondary coils & and 2 of which
are arranged in series. The lamps are situated between the branches a b c of which b
is connected to the joined ends of the secondary coils 1 and 2 while a and c are
respectively connected with the other ends of those coils. If the consumption of
current between a and b is the same as that between b and c, no current will pass
through the equalizing branch b, and this then only serves to lead back to the
transformer any difference of current that may exist between a band b c.
Fig. 2 shews the same arrangement for the case when there are four groups
arranged in series. In this case there are four secondary coils 81 52 53
equalizing branches b cd, consequently five branches a b c d e altogether.
and three
This arrangement is also applicable when continuous current transformers, or so
called motor generators," which may be machines with double armatures or two or
more separate machines coupled together mechanically, are used, the secondary
machine or the motor being driven by means of only two main conductors from the
locality where the currents are generated, while the tertiary machines is or are
provided with two or more armatures or circuits which can be arranged in series in
connection with the three or more branched distributing network, in the same way as
described above.
Fig. 3 shews such an arrangement. M is the current generating machine, the two

page_text: main conductors of which lead to the secondary machine or the motor S, the armature
axis of which is coupled with two or more tertiary machine T¹ and T which supply
the distributing network a b c in the described manner.
Dated this 95th day of Lulu 19sa
ABEL & IMRAI.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Distribution of Electrical Energy.
We, SIEMENS BROTHERS & Co. Limited of 12 Queen Anne's Gate, Westminster
in the County of Middlesex, Electrical Engineers do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and-in-what manner tho same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to the distribution of electrical energy, whether with con-
tinuous or alternate currents, in which the distribution is effected on the one hand by:
the aid of transformers of any known construction and arrangement, and on the other
hand with the use of three or more branches or conductors.
.
For this purpose, referring to the diagram drawings accompanying our Provisional
Specification, according to the simplest arrangement the outer poles of the source of
electricity M Fig. 1, whether this may consist of a single machine or of several
arranged in series or parallel, are connected to the outer poles of the primary coil p
of a transformer T by means of two main conductors, the secondary coil being
connected to the three or more branches a b c of the distributing network.
The secondary coil of the transformer T is in this case divided into two or more
sections which are arranged in series, the lamps to be supplied being so arranged that
the current passes in series through the ab, bc &c. while equalizing, conductors b
which connect the ends of the separate groups with the ends of the sections of the
secondary coil arranged in, series, effect the equalisation when. the consumption of
current in the different groups is different..
.
It is an essential point in this arrangement that, as regards the locality where the
currents are generated, the condition which holds good for a multiple branch network.
viz.; that the number of dynamo machines arranged in series should be equal to the
number of the consuming groups-can be dispensed with, and that the working of
such a network with three or more branches can be effected by means of a single
dynamo machine or from a number of machines arranged in parallel with only two.
main leads passing from the same to the network.
Fig. 1 shews, by way of example such an arrangement for the case where the
current has to be supplied in series to two groups only. M is the current generating.
machine and p the primary coil of the transformer T, the sections of the secondary
coils and of which are arranged in series. The lamps are situated between the
branches abc of which is connected to the jointed ends of the sections of the
secondary coils s' and 2 while a and c are respectively connected with the other ends
of those coils. If the consumption of current between a and b. is the same as that
between b and c no current will pass through the equalising branch b, and this then
only serves to lead back to the transformer any difference of current that may exist
between a b.and b c.
Fig. 2 shews the same arrangement for the case when there are four groups
arranged in series. In this case there are four secondary coils s¹s and three
equalizing branches b cd, consequently five branches a b c d e altogether.
4.
This invention, is also applicable when continuous current transformers, or so called
motor generators" which, may be machines with double armatures or two or more
separate machines coupled together mechanically, are used, the secondary machine or
thee motor being, driven by means of only two main conductors from the locality,
wheres the currents are generated, while the tertiary machines is or. are provided
with two or more armatures or circuits which can be arranged in series, in connection
with the three or more: branched distributing networks in the same way as described
above.
>

page_text: Fig. 3 shows an arrangement of this kind. M is the current generating machine,
the two main conductors of which lead to the secondary machine or the motor S,
the armature axis of which is coupled with two or more tertiary machines T¹ and T¹
which supply the distributing network a b c in the above described manner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is:
1. The method of distributing electrical energy wherein three or more secondary
conductors that supply the groups of consuming apparatus are combined with one or
more current generating machines and one or more transformers in such manner
that the current generating machine or machines is or are connected by two main
leads to the primary coil of the transformer the secondary coil of which is divided
into sections which are connected to the said three or more secondary conductors
substantially as herein described.
2. The modification of the method of distribution referred to in the preceding
claim wherein the transformers consist of motor-generators having two or more
generator armatures and driven by the current from the main current generator, the
generator armatures of the motor transformers being coupled in series and connected
to the said three or more secondary conductors substantially as herein described.
Dated this 19th day of April 1890.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.