Improvements in Stoppering Bottles.
Year: 1896

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoppering Bottles.
I, FRANCISCO IVISON, of Jerez de la Frontera, in the Kingdom of Spain,
Doctor of Science, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention has reference to the stoppering of bottles such as are usually closed
with corks and it is intended to provide a cheaper and in soine respects superior
method and material.
According to my invention I make the nozzles of the bottles with an internal
annular shoulder or rim a short distance within the nozzle, and the portion above
such shoulder cylindrical or very slightly conical.
I form the stopper of a facing, and backing, the former consisting of a disc or
facing of waterproof material or material capable of resisting the action of the
contents of the bottle, such for instance as glass, porcelain, metal, metal foil, or
other suitable material or preparation-and I form the back portion of the stopper
of a plug or disc or discs of papier-maché, millboard, strawboard, pasteboard, card,
or the like or other suitable material, and either with or without a layer of felt or
the like, such plug or disc or discs being of such diameter as to fit tightly into the
portion of the nozzle above the shoulder and so that when driven tightly in, with
the facing disc resting on the shoulder the nozzle is very effectually closed.
The plug or disc or discs forming the backing may be given a slightly domed
form, such as is acquired when discs are cut out of pasteboard with an ordinary
punch and if such discs are driven in with their convex surfaces downwards they
resist any upward thrust due to expansion of the contents of the bottle very
forcibly.
I prefer to combine the facing and the backing portion of the stopping plug into
one piece so that it may be operated rapidly.
It will be readily understood that by my invention the contents of the bottle
comes in contact practically only with the facing disc and that consequently the
contents does not acquire any flavour of the cork or otherwise, and such stoppering
costs appreciably less than corks, thus at once effecting an improvement and a
saving of cost.
Dated the 26th day of June 1896.
NEWNHAM BROWNE,
Agent for the Applicant.
I, FRANCISCO IVISON, of Jerez de la Frontera, in the Kingdom of Spain,
Doctor of Science, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
My invention has reference to the stoppering of bottles such as are usually closed

page_text: with corks and is intended to provide a cheaper and in some respects superior
method and material, and is applicable to glass, porcelain, and other bottles, flasks,
and the like intended to hold liquids, and provides a special form of the interior of
the nozzle or neck, and stoppers to correspond therewith.
The economy of my system as compared with the ordinary method of corking
bottles is very considerable and the frequent damages to the contents caused by
the use of bad or imperfect corks is avoided.
A cork to efficiently close a bottle must be of greater diameter than the interior
of the neck of the bottle,, so as to. require to be compressed as it is inserted,
otherwise its contact with the neck is imperfect and does not produce a thoroughly
liquid tight joint, and many of the attempts up to the present to supersede cork as
a permanent stopping have been in the direction of obtaining the joint by contact
with the vertical surface of the interior of the neck, and have given inlifferent
results and have generally been expensive.
Now. in my system of stoppering an essential feature is the production, within
the neck, of a liquid tight joint in the direction of the horizontal line by. means of
an annular shoulder having a more or less horizontal surface on which the joint is
produced by a stopper of suitable material:
With my, system the most satisfactory results are obtained and the expense is
appreciably less than with corks, besides which the breakage of bottles by the
. forcing in of the cork is entirely avoided. It has moreover the advantage that
the bottling appliances.may all be manufactured in the country. in which they are
.to,be used.
..According to my invention.I make the- nozzles of the bottles with an internal
annular shoulder or rim a short distance within the nozzle, and the portion above
such shoulder cylindrical, or very. slightly, conical.
I form the stopper of a facing, and backing, the former consisting of a disc or
facing of water-proof material, or material capable of resisting the action of the
contents.of the bottle; such, for instance as. glass, porcelain, metal, metal: foil; or
other suitable material. or.preparation-and I form the back portion of the stopper
of,a,plug or, disc or discs of: papier-mache, millboard, strawboard, pasteboard, card,
or the like, or other, suitable material, and either with or without a layer of felt or
the like, such plug or disc or dises being of such diameter as to fit tightly into the
portion of the nozzle above the shoulder and so that when driven tightly in, with
the facing disc resting on the shoulder the nozzle is very effectually closed:
The plug or disc or discs forming the backing may be given a slightly. domed
.form, such as. is acquired; when discs are cut out: of: pasteboard: with an ordinary
punch and if such discs are driven. in with their convex: surfaces: downwards they
resist any, upward, thrust, due to expansion of the contents of the bottle. very
forcibly...
:"
;
I prefer to combine the facing and the backing portion of the stopping plug-into-
one piece so that it may be operated rapidly..
It will be readily understood that by my invention the contents of the bottle
comes in contact: pràctically only with the facing disc and that consequently the
contents:does not acquire any flavour of the cork or otherwise, and such stoppering
costs appreciably less than corks, thus at once effecting an improvement and a
saving of cost.
In the accompanying sheet of drawings illustrating my invention as applied to a
wine bottle.
Figs. 1 and 2 are sectional, elevations of the, neoks of bottles according to my
invention,
Fig. 3 is an elevation and Fig..4.a section of one of my stoppers..,
In Fig. 1, a indicates an annular, shoulder, within, the, neck, of, the bottle, and" in
Fig. 2, a 1 is a like shoulder, but with an annular.depression round it.. The portion
of neck b above the shoulder may be. either cylindrical, or slightly.conicali cither so
as to be contracted or expanded towards the nozzle.
The stopper shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is made up of the following parts, viz., a

page_text: waterproof facing c which may be either a disc of glass, porcelain or other like
material in which case it should be ground on to its seat, or it may be a facing or
covering of white metal tinfoil, paraffined albuminous or gelatinous paper or of
plastic material, enamel, or the like, and behind such waterproof facing I may
place a layer d of felt or like material, and the remaining upper portion e of the
stopper is a plug formed of solidified paper pulp, or paper, pasteboard, strawboard,
millboard, or the like or the solidified pulp thereof and when the facing is of tinfoil
or other thin metal such metallic facing may be extended as a covering to the top
of the stopper.
The shoulder within the neck of the bottle instead of being made entirely of
glass as herein before described can be either faced with or made entirely of some
other material such as metal, stone, plastic material or other material which may
be made to adhere to the glass either at the moment the glass is receiving its
final shape or immediately thereafter, or it may be cemented in after the bottle is
otherwise finished.
My invention is applicable alike to bottles and other like vessels in which the
cross section of the neck is circular, elliptical, square, or of other shape.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
Stoppering bottles, flasks, and the like by making a horizontal joint on a shoulder
within the neck upon which a waterproof material is pressed and retained by a
plug above it made substantially in the manner and of the materials herein before
described.
FRANCISCO IVISON.