Improvements in Tools for use in Cutting Sheet Metal or other materials.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Dec., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 15th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 29th Oct., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tools for use in Cutting Sheet Metal or other
materials.
I JAMES EYRE of The Laurels Long Buckby in the County of Northampton
Shoe Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention has for its object the improved construction of tools for cutting,
or shearing, metal or material in the sheet or other forms of materials capable of
being so cut, either in the flat or circular or other forms, or surfaces.
"
The improved tools are particularly designed to cut or shear small and other
holes, or shaped forms in metal and other materials with greater. facility and
cleanness of cut than can at present be effected with present construction of tools in
use, and the improved tools according to one form consist of two arms or levers
suitably formed to facilitate grasping for use. The one lever is "centred or
hinged to the other near their operating ends, and these ends beyond the joint so
formed are respectively formed one, as a curved, or bent, cutting or dividing jaw of
small cross section and the other as an abutment with an inclined face adapted to
rest against the surface of the material to be cut. In operation the small sectioned
curved, or bent, cutting jaw is passed to one side of the material with the levers
apart and the inclined abutment resting on the opposite surface, and the levers
being reciprocated the material is cut by the approach of the jaws, successively
after each opening of the levers.
In the case of a small hole in a sheet of metal, of small diameter being desired,
the small curved or bent jaw is passed into a preliminary puncture and the two
jaws worked and guided; the inclined one traversing around on the line of cutting
as an abutment for the curved cutting jaw to press the metal to be cut against,
whilst the form of the parts admits of the small sectioned jaw being turned in a
very restricted area.
Dated the 15th day of December 1801
.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for the Applicant.
-
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Tools for use in Cutting Sheet Metal or other
materials.
I JAMES EYRE of The Laurels, Long Buckby in the County of Northampton,
Shoë Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:
This invention has for its object the improved construction of tools for cutting,
or shearing, metal or material in the sheet, or other forms of materials capable of
being so cut, either in the flat or circular or other forms or surfaces.
The improved tools are particularly designed to cut or shear small and other
holes, or shaped forms in metal and other materials with greater facility and
cleanness of cut than can at present be effected with present construction of tools
in use, and the improved tools according to one form consist of two arms or levers
suitably formed to facilitate grasping for use. The one lever is "centred" or
binged to the other near their operating ends, and these beyond the joint so formed
are respectively formed, one, as a curved, or bent, cutting or dividing jaw of small
Price 811

page_text: cross section and the other as an abutment with an inclined face adapted to rest
against the surface of the material to be cut. In operation the small sectioned
curved, or bent cutting jaw is passed to one side of the material with the levers
apart and the inclined abutment resting on the opposite surface, and the levers
being reciprocated the material is cut by the approach of the jaws, successively
after each opening of the levers.
In the case of a small hole in a sheet of metal, of small diameter being desired,
the small curved or bent jaw is passed into a preliminary puncture and the two
jaws worked and guided; the inclined one traversing around on the line of cutting
as an abutment for the curved cutting jaw to press the metal to be cut against,
whilst the form of the parts admits of the small sectioned jaw being turned in a
very restricted area.
Fig. 1 shews by a side view a pair of shears having two curved jaws, the cutting
edges being in convex conjunction; the full lines show the instrument in operative
position, and the broken lines show the relative position of the blades when fully
closed.
Fig. 2 shows by a side view a tool having one straight and one curved jaw, and
Fig. 2 shews, by a cross section through the line - Fig. 2, the form of the
blades used in this modification.
Fig. 3 shows in side view another form of this tool having one curved and one
straight jaw, but having an alternative form of handle which may be used in either
case, and
:
Fig. 3 shows the shape of the jaws by a cross sectional view taken on the
line y-y, Fig. 3.
Fig. 3 shews a modification of the form of cutting jaw of the tool shewn by
Fig. 3 the length of operative jaw a-a here shewn is short so as to adapt it for
cutting sheet steel or like hard sheet material.
:
The full lines shew the operative position of the jaws and the dotted lines their
position when thrown back."
In adapting this alternative form of cutting jaw to other of the cutting
instruments shewn the teeth may be dispensed with so as to adapt them to the
cutting of sheet steel iron or other hard material.
Fig. 4 shews by a side view a modification of the tool having two curved jaws
shown in Fig. 1. The operative position is shown by full lines and the closed
position by broken lines, and
Fig. 4 shews the shape of the jaws by a sectional view on line ― Fig. 4.
Fig. 5 shews a pair of shears, having one straight and one curved jaw, and is
intended to cut cardboard, leather or other similar materials; and
Fig. 6 shows another form of the same but more especially adapted for use in
cutting metal, such as tin, zinc, or other like substances."
Fig. 7 shews by a side view, and Fig. 7 by a plan view, a modification of the
tool having one straight and one curved jaw, which may be utilized for domestic
purposes such as opening tins and for similar uses.
The handles 4 and 5 or either of them may be made with loops as in Fig. 1, and
dispense with the spring or the lever may be straight.
Fig. 8 shows by a part side view and Fig. 8ª by a part plan view another form
of the previous tool, showing an alternative method of fastening the cutting blade.
Fig. 8 shews the forms in section of jaws 1 and 2.
Fig. 9 shews by a side view an instrument having one straight and one curved
blade and, is intended to be fixed to a bench or other support and to be operated by
foot or other power, and
Fig. 10 shews by a side view a similar arrangement but more especially adapted
for use with hand power or like pressure.
Fig. 11 shows by a side view another arrangement of the tool adapted for fixing

page_text: to a permanent framework, and shews a method of working the cutting blade by
means of geared arms. This cutting blade may be for convenience of manufacture,
or renewal, made by rivetting the blade (2) to its stock by rivets b, b as well as by
the centre rivet 3 as shewn in Figs. 114 and 11.
In the above mentioned figures 1, is the inclined, or curved abutment, as the
case may be, which supports or forms abutment, for the sheet metal, cardboard,
leather, paper or other fabric or like material, while it is being cut by means of
the cutting blade 2; and 3 is the centre pin pivot, or axis upon which the jaws 1
and 2 are hinged and reciprocated by means of their respective levers or handles 4
and 5.
In Figures 6, 7 and 9; 6 is a flat spring which normally acts to return the jaws
into operative position after each cut has been made.
In Figs. 9 and 10, 7 is an upright stay which may be fixed to a permanent
framework and which supports the abutment 1; while 8 is the arm or lever for
operating the cutting blade, or jaw 2 which may be worked by hand, as in Fig. 10,
or by foot, or other power, connected to 9 (see Fig. 9).
Fig. 11 shows a modifications in which the power is transmitted from the lever
or handle 13 to the cutting blade 2 by means of the toothed ares 10 and 11. When
the pressure is applied to the lever 13, in the direction, shown by the arrow, the
lever turning upon its axis 12 causes the toothed arc 11, formed on the handle 13,
to operate a corresponding toothed are 10 formed on the lever 8 which in turn
operates the cutting jaw 2 by turning on the axis 3. The material to be cut, as in
the previous examples, rests upon or against the abutment 1 which forms part of
the upright arm 7 fixed to the bench, or support 14.
The novelty of this tool lies mainly in the working of a curved jaw 2 in
conjunction with a straight jaw 1 as in Figs. 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 89, 10, and 11, or a
curved jaw 2 in convex conjunction with another curved jaw 1, as shown in Figs. 1
and 4 and that not only do the cutting edges cross-cut each other but that the
blades cross cut each other bodily as shewn by broken lines in Figs. 1, 4 and 5.
Thus the concave back of the cutting blade 2 passes beyond the cutting edge of
the straight or curved jaw 1, which in the case of curve cutting, acts only as an
abutment, or platform for the curved jaw 2 to act upon, but the straight jaw 1, or
curved jaw 1, as the case may be, having a suitable edge, will cut in straight lines
with equal facility if driven at a proper angle.
For the purpose of cutting metal the tool is bent exactly at the centre of action
to such an angle as to allow the hand to operate the handles, either above or below
the line of action, as shewn in Figs. 2, 3, 5 and 6. Thus in the case of cutting the
metal at any considerable distance from the edge, the hand will move round freely
without liability to injury, but when only small pieces are being worked the bend
may be dispensed with if desired.
By means of the bend at the angle the angular radius is increased which gives a
certain amount of back draught to the curved cutting jaw 2 and thereby increases
the cutting power. By the curvature of the jaw the sweep is lengthened, which
also increases the cutting power. The curvature also gives the additional advantage
of being able to regulate the cutting angle formed by the contact of the two edges
throughout the whole of the sweep to a more advantageous average than is obtained
by the ordinary method. The curvature can be so determined as to obtain a more
acute angle nearest the centre of action and more obtuse at the point. This leads
to another advantage, namely that of being able to see better a point or line at
which it is desired to cut up to as less of the material will be covered by the more
obtuse angle.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that
what I claim is; in a pair of shears or scissors for cutting sheet metal or other
materials
1. The combination or arrangement and use of parts, for operating same, of a

page_text: pair of cutting jaws suitable for opening meat tins or for like use substantially as
shewn and described with reference to Figs. 7, 74, 8, and 8.
2. The combination or arrangement and use of a pair of scissors or shears, having
cutting jaws as one curved and one straight or two curved jaws-adapted to
co-operate as and for the purpose substantially as set forth.
3. The combination or arrangement and use of a pair of cutting jaws so that one
curved jaw capable of being inserted into a sheet of material will cooperate with a
straight jaw or abutment to form small circular or other cuts, substantially as set
forth.
4. The combination or arrangement and use of curved cutting jaws and parts for
operating them, substantially as set forth with reference to Figs. 1 and 4.
5. The general combination or arrangement and use of cutting blades capable of
co-operating together as and for the purpose hereinbefore described and shewn by
the drawings.
Dated the 15th day of September 1892.
WM. BROOKES & SON,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Agents for Applicant.