Improvements in Pumps for Compressing Air or other Elastic Fluids.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 1th Feb., 1895
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Nev., 185-Accepted, 8th Feb., 1996
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pumps for Compressing Air or other Elastic
Fluids.
I, ALBERT EDWARD JONES, c/o Messrs. Whitehead & Co. of Fiume, in the
Kingdom of Hungary Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
The object of this invention is to provide a pump of great compactness, lightness,
and efficiency for compressing air or other elastic fluids.
I achieve these advantages by dispensing with a heavy framing or bed plate by
adopting a novel arrangement of parts specially adapted to secure compactness, by
bringing such parts as close together as is convenient, and finally by a reduction of
friction and wear due to the general lightness of the moving parts. All these
advantages are rendered possible of achievement by the general disposition of the
mechanism which will be hereinafter described.
My improved pump is suitable for the compression of all elastic fluids but I will
describe its construction and operation more particularly in regard to its use as an
air compressor.
The pump is driven by steam power, and the double acting steam cylinder with
its xxis vertical forms the base of the complete machine. To this steam cylinder
are attached two light hollow columns which carry by suitable attachments at
heir upper extremities, the air compressing cylinder with its axis in the same
straight line as the axis of the steam cylinder.
The plunger of the air compressing cylinder is directly and rigidly attached to
the piston of the steam cylinder by two piston rods which are symmetrically
disposed about the common centre line of said steam and air cylinders, and which
pass through suitable stuffing boxes in the upper end or cover of the steam
cylinder.
A crank shalt with two Ty wheels is supported on bearings formed on the upper
cylinder cover. These bearings may also be formed upon the two side columns.
The crank pin is connected by two symmetrically disposed connecting rods to
two suitable pins in the air plunger.
When the crank is on the dead centre the two connecting rods are in a plane at
right angles, to the plane containing the axes of the two piston rods, and from this
disposition of the piston rods and connecting rods it will be seen that the central
portion of the main air plunger is unoccupied by any connections with the crank
shaft or steam piston: this central portion of the main air plunger I utilize for the
formation of a cylindrical chamber in which works a fixed plunger forming a
secondary compressing cylinder. Said fixed plunger is held and supported by
suitable ribs connecting it with the bottom of the main air cylinder, and
the air and water connections to and from the fixed plunger are formed in
said ribs.
The air cylinders, plungers, and valves, are so constructed that three strokes
are required to draw in and compress the air. Firstly, on the downward stroke
of the plunger air is drawn into the air cylinder through a suitable inlet valve
on the top thereof; secondly, on the upward stroke of the plunger the air con-
tained in the full bore of the main air cylinder is forced through another
suitable valve on the top of the main plunger into the cylindrical space; thirdly,
during another downward stroke the air in the central space is forced through the
valve into the cooling coils and so into the reservoir.

page_text: The slide valve of the steam cylinder is of cylindrical form and is actuated
by means of an eccentric acting through the rocking lever and the valve
spindle.
Cooling water is circulated through the tank surrounding the air compressing
cylinder, and a certain quantity of water is introduced with the air for the
purpose of filling up clearances; for the purpose of dealing with this water I
prefer to use a small rotary pump driven from the crank shaft by toothed
wheels.
space
This general disposition of parts permits of the construction of a very light
air compressor, and one which in comparison to its weight and the
occupied by it, will compress a large amount of air in a given time to a given
pressure.
Dated this 11th day of a 100%
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
CUMI LEIDI MUITIATION.
Improvements in Pumps for Compressing Air or other Elastic
Fluids.
I, ALBERT EDWARD JONES, c/o Messrs. Whitehead & Co., of Fiume, in the
Kingdom of Hungary, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:--
The object of this invention is to provide a pump of great compactness, lightness,
and efficiency for compressing air or other elastic fluids.
I achieve these advantages by dispensing with a heavy framing or bed plate by
using a novel arrangement of parts specially adapted to secure compactness, by
bringing such parts as close together as is convenient, and finally by a reduction of
friction and wear due to the general lightness of the moving parts. All these
advantages are rendered possible of achievement by the general disposition of the
mechanism which will be hereinafter described.
My improved pump is suitable for the compression of all elastic fluids but I will
describe its construction and operation more particularly in regard to its use as an
air compressor.
My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which,
Figure 1 is a vertical section, and
Figure 2 is a cross section on line a, a Figure 1.
Figure 3 shows a top view of the cylinder partly in section.
Figure 4 is a section on line X Y Figure 3.
The pump is driven by steam power, and the double acting steam cylinder a with
its axis vertical forms the base of the complete machine. To this steam cylinder a
are attached two light hollow columns b and c which carry by suitable attachments
at their upper extremities, the air compressing cylinder d with its axis in the same
straight line as the axis of the steam cylinder.
с
The plunger e of the air compressing cylinder is directly and rigidly attached to
the piston of the steam cylinder by two piston rods 9 and h which are
symmetrically disposed about the common centre line of said steam and air
cylinders, and which pass through suitable stuffing boxes j and k in the upper end
or cover of the steam cylinder.
A crank shaft with two fly wheels and n is supported on bearings at p and o
formed on the upper cylinder cover. These bearings may also be formed upon
the two side columns. The crank pin is connected by two symmetrically
disposed connecting rods r and s to two suitable pins t and u in the air plunger e.

page_text: When the crank is on the dead centre, the two connecting rods r and s are in a
plane at right angles to the plane containing the axes of the two piston rods y
and h; and from this disposition of the piston rods and connecting rods it will be
seen that the central portion of the main air plunger e is unoccupied by any
connections with the crank shaft or steam piston; this central portion of the main
air plunger I utilize for the formation of a cylindrical chamber v in which works a
fixed plunger w forming a secondary compressing cylinder. Said fixed plunger is
held and supported by suitable ribs connecting it with the bottom of the main air
cylinder, and the air and water connections to and from the fixed plunger are
formed in said ribs.
The fixed plunger is, as will be readily seen in Figures 3 and 4 secured to the
cylinder by radial arms at the bottom of such cylinder. In these arms the
necessary channels for the escape of the compressed air and for the circulation of
the cooling water are bored.
The air cylinders, plungers, and valves, are so constructed that three strokes are
required to draw in and compress the air. Firstly, on the downward stroke of the
plunger e air is drawn into the air cylinder d through a suitable inlet valve on
the top thereof; secondly, on the upward stroke of the plunger the air contained
in the full bore of the main air cylinder d is forced through another suitable
valve y on the top of the main plunger e into the cylindrical space v; thirdly,
during another downward stroke the air in the central space v is forced through
the valve z into the cooling coils 1 and so into the reservoir.
The slide valve F of the steam cylinder is of cylindrical form and is actuated by
means of an eccentric 8 acting through the rocking lever g and the valve
spindle 10.
Cooling water is circulated through the tank 2 surrounding the air compressing
cylinder, and a certain quantity of water is introduced with the air for the
purpose of filling up clearances: for the purpose of dealing with this water I
prefer to use a small rotary pump 3 driven from the crank shaft by toothed wheels +
and 5.
This general disposition of parts permits of the construction of a very light
air compressor, and one which in comparison to its weight and the space
occupied by it, will compress a large amount of air in a given time to a given
pressure.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In a pump for compressing air or other elastic fluid, the two symmetrically
disposed piston rods with the two connecting rods in a plane at right angles to them,
combined with a steam and an air cylinder, substantially as described, for the
purpose of securing general lightness and compactness of construction with all the
advantages consequent thereon.
2. In a pump for compressing air or other elastic fluid, an air plunger
mechanically connected at two symmetrically disposed points to the steam piston,
and at two other symmetrically disposed points to the crank pin lying in the
same direction as the steam piston, for the purpose of accommodating a secondary
central plunger entering the main plunger also from the direction of the piston
and crank pin, thereby leaving the ends of the air plungers and cylinders in the
opposite directions unencumbered and easy of access, substantially as shown and
described.
Dated this 2nd day of November 1805
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.