Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Use in the Manufacture of Inlaid Linoleum.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 31st Dec,, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 31st Oct., 1899-Accepted, 30th Dec., 1889
Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Use in the Manufacture of
Inlaid Linoleum.
I, CHARLES HERBERT SCOTT, of High Orchard Iron Works, Gloucester, in the
County of Gloucester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows.-
In the manufacture of inlaid linoleum it has been usual to employ stencil
plates of plain sheet metal formed with large perforations the shape of which
depends upon that of the pattern to be produced and through which linoleum
material is forced on to a backing by correspondingly shaped plungers Such
stencil plates and plungers are however costly to construct and moreover one
set of them is suitable only for producing one pattern, so that for producing
several patterns a corresponding number of sets of stencil plates and plungers
are necessary In order to obviate these disadvantages and to provide a single
set of stencil plates and plungers that can be readily adapted for producing an
infinite variety of patterns, I have described in the Specification of another
Application for Letters Patent filed by me No 979 of 1898, the use of stencil
plates each of which is made of perforated sheet material the perforations in
which are made of small and uniform, size and close together and in conjunction
with which plate there are provided vertically moveable plungers the diameters
of which correspond to that of the holes in the plate, the holes not required
for the particular pattern to be produced, being stopped in some suitable
manner, as by a sheet of perforated paper or other material the outline of the
perforation or perforations in which corresponds on correspond to the outline of
the part of the pattern to be produced by the stencil plate, and the correspond-
ing set of plungers being so placed in a top plate as to correspond with the
unstopped holes, so that upon linoleum in the form of granulated material, or
in the form of sheet material, being placed over the stencil plate and the
plungers being caused to descend, the linoleum over the holes will be forced
through the same onto a suitable backing which will be thus more or less
covered with a number of small cylinders or blocks of linoleum which are
afterwards pressed or rolled and thus made to completely cover the part of the
backing on which they are deposited
Now this invention has for object to further simplify the construction of
machines for making inlaid linoleum
According thereto stencil plates are emploved each formed of perforated
sheet material the perforations in which are made of small and preferably
uniform size arranged close together, as in the arrangement described in my
said former specification, but the holes although small are made of sufficient
size to permit of linoleum mixture in a granulated form falling uniformly
through them onto a backing below, and in conjunction with such plates there
are used means, for example, a template of paper, tinned sheet iron or the like,
or stopping material, for stopping the holes not required for use, and also means,
CO

page_text: such for example as boxes or holders or bars, adapted to hold granulated linoleum
mixture in contact with the plates, the arrangement being such that by moving
the boxes or equivalent over the plates or the plates below the boxes oi equiva-
lent, and simultaneously shaking or agitating the linoleum mixture, portions
of the latter will be caused to fall in a regular manner, and by giavity alone,
through the unstopped holes in the plates onto the backing on which it can
subsequently be compressed by rollers or other suitable means.
In this way
the use of vertically movable plungers and the means for operating them can
be dispensed with and the machine be consequently greatly simplified As will
be obvious the invention can be carried into effect in various ways.
According to one arrangement, each stencil plate of the kind hereinbefore
described is made flat and provided on its upper side with a perforated sheet or
template the hole or holes in which corresponds or correspond to the portion
of pattern to be produced, and with a tiering box that bears upon the perforated
sheet or template, is open at the bottom, and is designed to contain the granu-
lated linoleum mixture to be fed through the holes in the plate onto the backing
below The perforated plate is arranged to be raised and lowered above the
backing respectively before and after the same has been fed forward, and the
tiering box is arranged to be reciprocated over the plate and is provided with a
shaking device or is arranged to be itself vibrated or shaken, so as in any case
to cause granulated linoleum to readily fall through the holes in the plate
In another arrangement each stencil plate of the kind described is made in
the form of perforated cylinder provided internally with a template or other
means for stopping the holes therein not required for use, and with a tier-
ing box arranged to be vibrated or shaken or provided with a shaker, and
arranged to be fed with granulated linoleum by any suitable means such as a
worm The arrangement 18 01 may be such that the cylinder can be rotated
around the box the sides of which confine the granulated linoleum in place in
such a manner that it can only fall through those holes in the cylinder wall that
are, for the time being just above the backing which travels underneath the
cylinder In this arrangement the backing and the several pattern cylinders
containing linoleum of different colours may be moved continuously instead of
intermittently
The invention is specially applicable for the production of patterns of the
kind known as "carpet patterns
"
Improvements in Means or Apparatus for Use in the Manufacture of
Inlaid Linoleum.
I, CHARLES HERBERT SCOTT, of High Orchard Iron Works, Gloucester, in the
County of Gloucester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement
In the manufacture of inlaid linoleum it has been usual to employ stencil
plates of plain sheet metal formed with large perforations the shape of which
depends upon that of the pattern te be produced and through which linoleum

page_text: material is forced on to a backing by correspondingly shaped plungers Such
stencil plates and plungers are however costly to construct and moreover one
set of them is suitable only for producing one pattern, so that for producing
several patterns a corresponding number of sets of stencil plates and plungers
are necessary In order to obviate these disadvantages and to provide a single
set of stencil plates and plungers that can be readily adapted for producing an
infinite variety of patterns, I have described in the Specification of Lettera
Patent No 979 of 1898, granted to me, the use of stenoil plates each of which
is made of perforated sheet material the perforations in which are made
of small and uniform size and close together and in conjunction
with which plate there are provided vertically movable plungers the diameters
of which correspond to that of the holes in the plate, the holes not required
for the particular pattern to be produced, being stopped in some suitable
manner, as by a sheet of perforated paper or other material the outline of the
perforation or perforations in which corresponds or correspond to the outline of
the part of the pattern to be produced by the stencil plate, and the correspond-
ing set of plungeis being so placed in a top plate as to correspond with the
unstopped holes, or to be acted upon by special vertically movable pattern
blocks, so that upon linoleum in the form of granulated material, or
in the form of sheet material, being placed over the stencil plate and the
plungers being caused to descend, the linoleum over the holes will be forced
through the same onto a suitable backing which will be thus more or less
covered with a number of small cylinders or blocks of linoleum which are
afterwards pressed or rolled and thus made to completely cover the part of the
backing on which they are deposited
•
Now this invention has for object to further simplify the construction of
machines for making inlaid linoleum
According thereto stencil plates are emploved each formed of perforated
sheet material the perforations in which are made of small and preferably
uniform size arranged close together, as in the arrangement described in my
said former specification, but the holes although small are made of sufficient
Bize to permit of linoleum mixture in a granulated form falling uniformly
through them onto a backing below, and in conjunction with such plates there
ure used means, for example a template of paper, tinned sheet iron or the like,
or stopping material, for stopping the holes not requned for use, and also means
Buch for example as boxes or holders or bars, adapted to hold granulated linoleum
mixture in contact with the plate, the arrangement being such that by moving
the boxes or equivalent over the plates on the plates below the boxes or equiva-
lent, and simultaneously shaking or agitating the linoleum mixture, portions
of the latter will be caused to fall in a regular manner, and by gravity alone,
through the unstopped holes in the plates onto the backing on which it can
subsequently be compressed by rollers or other suitable means.
In this way
the use of vertically movable plungers and the means for operating them can
be dispensed with and the machine be consequently greatly simplified As will
be obvious the invention can be carried into effect in various ways
Fig 1 of the accompanying illustrative drawings shows in longitudinal sec-
tion so much of a linoleum making machine as is necessary to show'one aliange-
ment for carrying out the present invention Fig. 2 shows two of the stencil
plates in plan.
In
According to this arrangement, e, a are metal stencil plates the perforations
in which are made of uniform size and close together and each of a diameter
such as will allow of granulated linoleum such as 's commonly used for making
inlaid linoleum and which is used in a cool state, falling through them
practice I have obtained satisfactory results with holes each of about one
quarter of an inch in diameter Each plate a is made flat and secured to the
bottom of a frame and on its upper side is laid a perforated sheet or tem-
plate C of thin sheet metal the hole or holes g in which corresponds or coire-

page_text: spond to the portion of pattern to be produced by its aid Arranged to recipro-
cate above the template or pattern sheet is a linoleum tiering or distributing
box that is open at the bottom, and is designed to contain the granulated
linoleum mixture to be fed through the holes in the plate a onto the backing b
below Such a box d in effect simply consists of a pair of connected cross bars
between which the granulated linoleum 18 confined and by which it is moved
over the unstopped holes in the plate through which some of it falls onto
the backing below To prevent the thin sheet metal template being damaged
by the linoleum distributing box when the pattern in such template is of a fine
or delicate nature, it is preferred to cover with an upper stencil plate e similar
to the lower stencil plate a, the template being thus sandwiched between the
two and effectually protected. Each perforated plate a, when in its lowest
position, is arranged to be at a suitable distance above the backing b, depending
upon the thickness of the material to be made, and it is raised and lowered
above the backing 6 respectively before and after the same has been fed for-
ward so that during the forward movement of the backing the linoleum already
deposited thereon shall not be disturbed Also each box d 18 arianged to bo
reciprocated over the corresponding perforated plate a, and is provided with a
shaking device or is arranged to be itself vibrated or shaken by the machine
whilst moving over the plate, so as in each case to cause granulated linoleum
to readily fall through the holes in the plate a, or plates a and e
Means suit-
able for effecting the above mentioned movements of the plates and boxes are
shown and described in the Specification of my Patent No 978 of 1898
Each box d may make one complete to and fro movement for each distribut-
ing operation, or only one to or fro movement, the plate a having an unper-
forated portion at one or at each side through which the granulated linoleum
cannot pass whilst the box is at rest on the plate and the latter is being raised
from the backing
Each stencil plate of the kind described may be made in the form of a per-
forated cylinder provided internally with a template or other means for stop-
ping the holes therein not required for use, and with a linoleum distributing
box arranged to be vibrated or shaken or provided with a shaker, and arranged
to be fed with granulated linoleum by any suitable means such as a worm
Figs 3 and 4 show respectively in side elevation and closs section, part of
a linoleum making machine of the kind just referred to
a a are the stencil plates of the kind herein described, made in the form
of cylinders each of which 18 mounted to rotate upon rolle18 h journalled in
bearings so that the lower side of each of them will be at a suitable short
distance above the backing b Within each cylinder is a thin sheet metal tem-
plate that fits against the inner surface of the cylinder and a linoleum die-
tributing box into which linoleum is fed by a worm d, the said box being
mounted so that it will be supported directly over the lower portion of the
evlinder but cannot turn with the cylinder For this purpose the box may be
supported by end bearings on the side frames of the machine so that its
lower side will be close to the inner surface of the template c, or of an inner
perforated cylinder el. similar to a¹, used to protect the said template when the
pattern formed thereby is of a fine or delicate nature. The cylinders may he
rotated by the rollers h, or some of them, or by endless driving bands that
extend partly around the ends of the cylinders ', under guide rollers 1, and
around the end rollers which carry the endless conveyor used for feeding
the backing under the cylinders With the arrangement described as the
perforated portions of each cylinder a that are uncovered by the template c
come in succession under the corresponding box and over the backing b
granulated linoleum will fall by gravity through the holes in such portions
onto the backing, the two sides of the box confining the granulated linoleum
in place in such a manner as to prevent any of it falling through perforations

page_text: in the cylinder other than those that are, for the time being, under the box
and over the backing
Fig 5 shows partly in side elevation and partly in longitudinal section, and
Fig. 6 partly in end elevation and partly in cross section, a modified construc-
tion of machine having cylindrical stencil plates. Fig. 7 shows, to a larger
seale than Figs. 5 and 6, one of the cylinders and adjacent parts in cross sec-
tion. In this case each perforated cylinder a is constructed, mounted and
driven as in the arrangement shown in Fige 3 and 4, but the linoleum distri-
buting box is replaced by a stationary unperforated guard plate / and a rotary
brush m, which are arranged within the cylinder at opposite sides of the lowe!
portion thereof through which the granulated linoleum 18 to fall by gravity.
Granulated linoleum is fed into each cylinder through a stationary trough
having a funnel at one end and a perforated lower side and fitted with a screw
or worm conveyor , the linoleum passing through the bottom of the trough
falling onto the lower portion of the cylinder. As in the arrangement shown
in Figs. 2 and 3, granulated linoleum will fall only through that part of each
perforated cylinder a¹ that is, for the time being, just above the backing The
rotary brusli m, which is rotated in an opposite direction to the cylinder al in
which it is placed, serves to brush back the linoleum carried forward by the
cylinder, to the lower portion of the cylinder, and the guard plate 7 serves to
prevent any linoleum falling through holes in the cylinder that are not for the
time being duectly over the backing. o is a transveise guard plate fixed at a
short distance below the forward rising side of each cylinder for the purpose
of preventing any portion of the granulated linoleum falling accidentally into
the wrong place on the backing and so spoiling the pattern P 18 a spirally
shaped brush that 18 rotated very slowly in the direction of the arrow and
lightly against the guard plate o for the purpose of canying to the side of the
machine any small quantity of linoleum that may fall onto the said guard plate
With each of the arrangements described, the backing will have deposited
upon it portions of granulated linoleum the shapes of which in plan will core-
spond approximately to that of the holes in the templates or pattern sheets c
through which the linoleum has fallen, and when the backing has passed under
the last cylinder and has been covered throughout its width with such portions
of linoleum it is subjected to the pressure of a vertically movable pressure block q
(Figs. 1, 3 and 5) whereby the portions of linoleum are consolidated upon the
backing and any spaces previously left between the said portions filled up
Linoleum produced as described can be further treated in any known or suit-
able manner to finish it.
In machine of the kind described with reference to Figs 3 to inclusive,
the backing and the several pattern cylinders a¹ containing linoleum of
different colours an be moved continuously instead of intermittently as here-
tofore, whereby the rate of production of linoleum can be considerably increased
My invention is specially applicable for the production of inlaid linoleum
having patterns of the kind known as carpet patterns
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
1 In inlaid linoleum making apparatus of the kind in which stencil plates
having perforations made of small and perfectly uniform size and arranged
close together are used in conjunction with means such as templates or stopping
material, as set forth in the Specification of my Patent No 979 of 1898,
making the holes in the said plates of such size that when gianulated linoleum
in an agitated condition is brought over them it will fall in a regular manner
and by gravity alone through the unstopped holes onto the backing below on
which it can be subsequently compressed, whereby the use of plungers and

page_text: their operating mechanism can be dispensed with, substantially as herein
described
}
2 Making the improved perforated plates with their templates or stopping
means in the form of 1otary cylinders and providing such cylinders internally
with means whereby the gianulated linoleum fed into them will be retained
sideways and confined in a position over the unstopped holes in the cylinders
that are, for the time being, at the lower parts of the cylinders and directly
above the backing, whereby inlaid linoleum can be produced in a continuous
instead of an intermittent manner, substantially as described
3 In apparatus for making inlaid linoleum, stencil plates, templates and
granulated linoleum distributing boxes constructed, arranged and operating
substantially as herein before described with reference to Figs 1 and 2 of the
drawings annexed
4 In apparatus for making inlaid linoleum, stencil plates, templates and
granulated linoleum distributing and confining means, constructed arranged
and operating substantially as herein before described with reference to Figs 3
and 4, or modified according to Figs. 5, 6 and 7 of the drawings annexed
Dated this 31st day of October 1899
For the Applicant,
W. LLOYD WISE.
46. Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, W C..
Chartered Patent Agent