NEW-INVENTED MACHINE, CALLED A LUNAR AND CALENDER WATCH KEY, CONSTRUCTED UPON MECHANICAL PRINCIPLES, AND ADAPTED TO EVERY WATCH HITHERTO MADE, AND ACTS THEREON NO OTHERWISE THAN A COMMON KEY; BUT, BY MEANS OF A SCREW AND WHEELS OF A CURIOUS CONSTRUCTION, IS CAPABLE OF SHEWING, IN THE MOST ACCURATE MANNER, THE AGE OF THE MOON, THE DAY OF THE MONTH, THE REVOLUTION OF THE TIDES, AND SEVERAL OTHER MOTIONS
Year: 1762

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
SANDERSON, of the City of Exeter, in the County of Devon, Watchmaker, send
greeting.
WHEREAS His most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by His
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date the
Twenty-fifth day of June, in the second year of His said Majestie's reign,
did give and grant to me, the said George Sanderson, His special licence,
full power, sole priviledge and authority, that I, the said George Sanderson,
my exors, adors, and assigns, should and lawfully might, during the term of
years therein expressed, make, use, exercise, and vend, within that part of
His Majestie's Kingdom of Great Britain called England, the Dominion of
Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and also in His Majestie's Colonies
and Plantations, my "NEW-INVENTED MACHINE, CALLED A LUNAR AND CALENDER
WATCH KEY, CONSTRUCTED UPON MECHANICAL PRINCIPLES, AND ADAPTED TO EVERY
WATCH HITHERTO MADE, AND ACTS THEREON NO OTHERWISE THAN A COMMON KEY;
BUT, BY MEANS OF A SCREW AND WHEELS OF A CURIOUS CONSTRUCTION, IS CAPABLE
OF SHEWING, IN THE MOST ACCURATE MANNER, THE AGE OF THE MOON, THE DAY OF
THE MONTH, THE REVOLUTION OF THE TIDES, AND SEVERAL OTHER MOTIONS; WHICH
SAID MACHINE IS ALSO CONSTRUCTED TO ANSWER ALL THE ABOVE-MENTIONED PURPOSES
INDEPENDANT OF ANY WATCH WHATSOEVER, AND THAT IN THE MOST PLAIN AND EASY
MANNER, AND WILL BE OF GREAT BENEFIT TO HIS MAJESTIE'S SUBJECTS, AND

page_text: MORE ESPECIALLY TO THOSE USING THE SEA;" in which said recited Letters
Patent is contained a proviso obliging me, the said George Sanderson, by
writing under my hand and seal, to cause the nature of my said Invention
to be described and ascertained, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be inrolled in His Majestie's High Court of Chancery within
four calender months after the date of the said recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the said Letters Patent, relation being thereunto had, may more at
large appear.
NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
George Sanderson, do hereby declare that my said new Invention is composed
and made in manner as the same is above delineated and herein-after par-
ticularly described and explained (that is to say):-
A, an aperture shewing on one side the day of the month, on the other
the age of the moon. B, a nut or screw to tighten the key when by great
use it may become slack. C, a catch, to prevent accidental turnings. D, a
knob to move the lunar plate. E, a hole, through which the increase and
decrease of the moon appears. F, a hole through which the day of the
week appears. G, the different ways that the increase and decrease of the
moon is drawn on the lunar wheel. H, the lunar wheel, with the moon's
age, with its increase and decrease, and the time of high water. I, the
day of the month wheel. K, the day of the weck wheel. L, the loop to
hang the key to. M, the screw that gives motion to the wheels. N, the holes
through which the day of the month and age of the moon appears. O, that
part of the key which has the square hole in it, in order to wind up the watch.
The use of this key is to shew the day of the month and the age of the moon.
The winding up of the watch (which is generally done in six revolutions)
moves the figure on each side one day forward; the month of April, June,
September, and November, having but thirty days each, and February (except
in leap year), it is necessary to pass over the day or days remaining by
giving the key six revolutions for each, and as by this means the Figure
expressing the moon's age is also advanced, it is set right by moving the lunar
plate over the proper figure, after which it requires no further alteration
until the next new moon. Those who have no watch may use this key to
the same advantage as those who have one; for it is no difference wether
it receives its motion from the watch or otherwise, six revolutions a day
being all that is necessary for moving the figures in order. Tho' the hour
of winding up the watch be not always the same, this will not interrupt the
general motion of the key, as (from its construction) it must certainly regain
as much in one day as it has lost in another; and tho' it is of such exquisite

page_text: workmanship as to have more teeth in its wheels than are in all the wheels
of a watch, yet it is scarce possible (without the greatest abuse), to be put
out of order, but will continue its motion with the greatest degree of accuracy.
In this key are two wheels, one of which has one hundred and seventy-seven
teeth cut on its edge, with the days of the moon's age expressed upon it. The
other wheel has one hundred and eighty-six teeth cut on its edge, with the
days of the month expressed upon it. These wheels are moved forward at
the time of winding up the watch by means of a worm or endless screw that
is placed in that part where the common watch keys are generally rivetted.
Some of these keys will be made to shew the time of high water at London
Bridge by means of another circle of figures being placed inside that of
the moon's age, upon the same wheel. This circle is divided into twenty-four
equal parts, and has the twelve hours of the day repeated or doubled; and
in those that are intented to shew the time of high water at any other place,
this inside circle is made to shift or slide upon the moon wheel. There is
another circle inside this, shewing the increase and decrease of the moon
through an hole cut in the cover or lunar plate of the key, directly opposite
her age, so that the day of the month, the moon's age, together with her
increase and decrease, and revolutions of the tide, are all shewn and expressed
on so single a construction as to require no more than two wheels put
into motion by means of the endless screw or worm when the watch is
winding up, which said screw is not made to act across the center of the
wheels, but has an immediate communication with their outward edge or teeth.
Another sort, by means of an additional wheel, is made to shew the day of the
week. In the edge of this wheel is cut eighty-four teeth, working in the
same worm, and has on its edge a moveable circle divided into fourteen equal
parts, in which are the days of the week repeated or doubled, one of which is
seen through a hole near the center of that side which shews the day of the
month.
In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Thirtieth
day of September, in the year of our Lord One thousand seven
hundred and sixty-two.

page_text: AND BE IT REMEMBRED, that the Fifth day of October, in the year
of our Lord 1762, the aforesaid George Sanderson came before our said Lord
the King in His Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification aforesaid,
and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stampt according to the
tenor of Statute made in the sixth year of the reign of the late King and
Queen William and Mary of England, and so forth.
Inrolled the Fifth day of October, in the year of our Lord One thousand
seven hundred and sixty-two.