CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1884

page_text: "
I WILLIAM FIELDING of Moses Gate near Bolton in the County of Lancaster,
Managing Director of the Bentinck Street Mill Company "Limited," do hereby
declare the nature of my Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," to be as follows:-
My improvements relate to that class of looms called "check-looms," or looms
for weaving patterns of varying colors and designs, in which drop boxes are
employed and consists in an improved combination of mechanism placed between
the lever carrying the chain barrel or cylinder and the tappet giving motion thereto,
for the purpose of stopping the motion of the pattern cards immediately the weft
breaks, or by the shuttle not entering the box, thus minimizing the loss from
damaged or spoiled cloth.
Under the present system of apparatus for operating the pattern cards,
considerable damage is caused through thé failure of the immediate stoppage of
the latter; when the weft breaks the driving strap is pushed or slided on the loose
pulley at the end of the loom, which takes a little time to accomplish, in which,
the loom sometimes makes a throw or pick causing another box or shuttle to
operate, with the result of spoiling the pattern.
It is to obviate this defect that my improvements relate principally, which are
accomplished by placing immediately below the tappet shaft a small shaft or centro
on which is fixed a "pawl" or star wheel, actuated by a revolving disc on the
tappet shaft, in which is fixed a pin or peg for operating in the notches in the
pawl" or star wheel, thus giving an intermittent motion each revolution. The
pawl" or star wheel is provided with a number of holes in which are placed a
suitable number of pegs according to the number of picks required each card, or
the pattern being woven. These stops are operated upon by a suitable double
catch, which is mounted and vibrates on a stud fixed to an oscillating lever for
actuating the rod and connections between the tappet and lever carrying the chain
barrel or cylinder.
The lever and rod for operating the chain barrel or cylinder are provided with a
suitable pin which fits into and is worked by a scroll in a disc placed on the tappet
shaft, thus giving the necessary oscillating motion to work the barrel or cylinder
for the card or chain apparatus. This connecting rod or link is made in. two
CD077

page_text: pieces, sufficiently rigid to actuate the barrel or cylinder, but is provided with a
suitable spring which allows it to yield when required.
On the opposite end of the lever carrying the double catch extends a projecting
arm or lever, under which is placed in suitable fixings a sliding rod coupled by
levers and other connections to the end of the brake lever, being held in position
by a swivelling catch fixed on the end of the loom. The sliding rod is provided
near its outer end, and close to the lever it slides under with an incline plane,
which is pushed or slided under the projecting arm or lever immediately the
weft breaks, thus raising it, being operated by the weft motion actuating the
swivelling lever. By lifting this projecting arm or lever, the connecting rod or link
being in two pieces, is severed sufficiently to prevent any further motion being
given to the barrel or cylinder of the card or chain apparatus by the scroll or
tappet, thus entirely preventing any spoiling of the pattern being woven, although
the loom may make part of or another revolution after the weft is broken.

page_text: I WILLIAM FIELDING of Moses Gate near Bolton in the County of Lancaster
Managing Director of the Bentinck Street Mill Company "Limited" do hereby
declare the nature of my Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR
WEAVING," and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My improvements relate to that class of looms called "check-looms," or looms for
weaving patterns of varying colors and designs, in which drop boxes are employed
and consists in an improved combination of mechanism placed between the lever
carrying the chain barrel or cylinder and the tappet giving motion thereto, for the
purpose of stopping the motion of the pattern cards immediately the weft breaks,
or by the shuttle not entering the box, thus minimizing the loss from damaged or
spoiled cloth.
Under the present system of apparatus for operating the pattern cards
considerable damage is caused through the failure of the immediate stoppage of the
latter. When the weft breaks the driving strap is pushed or slided on the loose
pulley at the end of the loom, which takes a little time to accomplish, during
which, the loom sometimes makes a throw or pick causing another box or shuttle
to operate, with the result of spoiling the pattern.
In order that my invention may be fully understood and readily carried into
operation, I will proceed to describe the annexed sheet of drawings, reference being
made to the figures and letters marked thereon.
Fig. 1 is a part front elevation of a drop box loom with my improved apparatus
applied; Fig. 2 is a plan of the same; and Fig. 3 is an end view shewing my
improved apparatus attached to the brake lever of the loom. Fig. 4 is a side view
shewing the position of my improved apparatus when the weft breaks, at which
time the stroke.of the lever A attached to the needle shaft B is arrested, and thus
prevents the complete stroke or travel of the lever A, immediately stopping the
pattern cards worked from it. To the lever A is attached the lever or arm 1
provided with the projections 2 and 3 in which is placed the sliding rod 4. The
upper end of the sliding rod 4 is forked to slide on the tappet shaft C; under the
fork is fixed the pin 5 which works in the scroll 6 secured to or fixed on the tappet
shaft C. To the rod 4 is fixed the pin 6' which operates on the projection 2, as in
Fig. 5, being kept up to the latter by the action of the spiral spring 7, the latter
being regulated in tension by the adjustable washer 8 on, the rod 4. Under the
tappet shaft C, or in any other convenient position, is placed the shaft or centre 9,
on which is mounted the "pawl" or star wheel 10 provided with the notches 11,
in which the pin 12 on the revolving disc 13 works each revolution of the tappet
shaft C as shewn in Fig. 7, thus giving an intermittent motion. In the "pawl" or
star wheel 10 is provided the holes 14 in which are placed a suitable number of
pegs or stops 15 according to the number of picks required to each card forming
the pattern being woven. The stops or pegs 15 operate on the double catch or
foot lever 16 attached to the double oscillating lever 17 mounted loosely on the
tappet shaft C, the other end of the double oscillating lever 17 being concaved
to the diameter of the pin or centre 18 secured to the lever or arm 1.
When the loom is weaving and the weft is not broken and the foot lever 16 is
not in operation with the pegs 15, the lever or arm 1 is operated by the pin 6¹ in
the rod 4 when making a forward stroke, being kept up to the same in making a
backward stroke by the spring 7, as shewn in Fig. 5. Immediately the pegs 15
operate on the foot lever 16, the double oscillating lever 17 is placed in position to

page_text: come in contact with the pin or centre 18, as in Figs. 4 and 6, after which the forward
travel of the sliding rod 4 is continued to the end of the travel imparted by the
scroll 6, in which case the spiral spring 7 yields as required, leaving the lever A
stationary and instantly stopping the pattern cords worked from it, and so on, the
oscillating lever 17 dropping out of action and releasing the pin or centre 18 as
soon as the peg or pegs are passed, when the lever A operates the cards as before
as in Fig. 5. To ensure the foot lever 16 and the double oscillating lever 17
dropping when liberated from the pegs 15 the spring 19 is provided, the other end
(not shewn) being secured to any convenient part of the loom. In case it is
desired to operate or revolve the "pawl" or star wheel 10 either way, the foot
lever 16 is constructed as shewn in Fig. 6 A.
In the class of looms to which these improvements are applicable, the card pattern
apparatus at present in use is stopped or started by means of a handle similar to
that used for starting or stopping the loom, by which considerable damage is caused
at times through the failure of the immediate stoppage of the latter. This invention
entirely dispenses with the aforesaid starting handle, the apparatus being coupled
to the brake lever, thus making the same automatic in its action when the weft
breaks, which immediately stops the lever A operating the chain barrel of the
pattern cards and preventing the spoiling of the pattern being woven, which also
at the same time applies the brake and stops the loom which in some cases takes a
little time to accomplish, but which under this invention is no detriment although
part of a revolution or otherwise may take place after the weft is broken, the
pattern cards being instantly stopped.
To the brake lever 20 in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, is attached the adjustable rod 21',
coupled at its upper end to the lever 22. The lever 22 is mounted on the pin 23
under the rest beam 24 of the loom, and provided with the catch 25, which lips
on to the weft fork lever 26 when the loom is working, being held or lifted in
position by the bracket 27 on the starting bandle 28. Immediately the weft breaks
the weft fork lever 26 is pushed back as usual and liberates the starting handle 28,
dropping the catch 25 with the rod 21, thus allowing the brake lever to fall and
apply the brake to the brake pulley 29. The brake lever 20 operates the lever 30
mounted on the shaft 31, fixed to the side of the loom in suitable bearings: on the
shaft 31 is mounted the lever 32 to which is connected the rod 33 provided at its
extremity or otherwise with the inclined plane 34, the latter sliding under the
lever 17 and placing the concave end of the oscillating lever 17 against the stop or
centre 18, thus stopping the action of the lever A operating the needle shaft B,
which is similar to that operated by the foot lever 16 when lifted by the stops 15
on the "pawl" or star wheel.
When the loom is set in motion by the starting handle 28, the bracket 27 lifts
the lever 22 and the catch 25 lips on the weft fork lever 26, thus liberating the brake
and releasing the double oscillating lever 17 from the pin or centre 18, when the
pattern cards are again put into motion to work the pattern being woven.
underside of the lever 22 is concaved to allow of its dropping onto the bracket 27
when liberated by the weft fork lever: the rod 33 is supported in the guide 35
secured to the framework of the loom.
The
In case it is desired to operate the loom by hand, the starting handle 28 is
provided with the self-locking catch 36 for the purpose of holding the end of the
brake lever 20 to release the pressure of the brake on the pulley 29. This is
performed by simply raising the lever 20 by hand when the catch 36 swivels until
the lever passes it and drops of its own weight; the lever 20 being supported
from it.
It is obvious that this apparatus may be constructed in other forms and placed
in different positions according to the class of loom to which it is applicable, as in
Figs. 9, 10, and 11. C is the tappet shaft; A the lever for operating the needle
shaft B: this lever is operated or pushed downwards by the cam D and lifted by
the weight 37 coupled to the end or otherwise of the lever A by the strap 38 passing
over the loosely mounted pulley 39 on the tappet shaft C. The "paw]" wheel 10

page_text: is operated by the revolving disc 13 as before described and provided with the
stops 15, which bring into action the oscillating lever 17 with the pin or centre 18
and thus stops the operation of the pattern cards. The oscillating lever 17 assumes
the position shewn in dotted lines when the stops are not operating the foot
lever 16. The oscillating lever 17 is lifted in case the weft breaks by the levers 32
and 34 mounted on the shaft 39, and worked by the rod 33 from the brake lever
as in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1 The method of automatically stopping the motion or action of the pattern
cards employed in drop box looms instantly the weft breaks, substantially as and
for the purpose herein described and shewn.
.
2nd The construction, use, and arrangements of the respective combinations of
mechanism shewn in the drawings and hereinbefore more particularly described
for automatically stopping the motion or action of the pattern cards employed in
drop box looms, or any mere modification or imitation thereof, applied and operating
in substantially the same or a similar manner.
EDMUND CHADWICK,
Agent for the Applicant.