IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO PIPES AND CIGAR AND CIGARETTE HOLDERS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Castleden, of Canterbury, in the County of Kent,
for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TOBACCO PIPES AND CIGAR AND
CIGARETTE HOLDERS."
Sealed the 1st October 1878, and dated the 17th July 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Castleden at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 17th July 1878.
GEORGE CASTLEDEN, of Canterbury, in the County of Kent.
TOBACCO PIPES AND CIGAR AND CIGARETTE HOLDERS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
The object of this Invention is the making of tobacco pipes and cigar and cigarette
holders in such manner as to prevent the passage of nicotine out of the bowl or tube
into the stem, and thence into the mouth of the smoker. For this purpose I make
the bowl of the pipe and cigar and cigarette holder open right through, and without
any fixed bottom. I prefer to make the bowl of the shape of a cylinder or short
tube. At about the centre of the vertical height of the bowl or tube I make an
orifice through the same to the interior, into which orifice I insert the stem or mouth-
piece. Into one of the open ends of the bowl or tube I insert a plug, preferably of
cork or some other light material. In the case of a pipe I fill the bowl or tube with
tobacco at the open or unplugged end. I then light the tobacco and smoke it down
as far as the position of the stem or mouth-piece will allow. Having done which
and extinguished the lighted tobacco, I refill it with tobacco, then extract the plug
from the opposite end of the bowl or tube, and insert the same in the end last
filled; I then smoke from the other end, and smoke it down and refill it, as in the
case of the opposite end, and so on, as long as the pipe is smoked.
In addition to making the bowl of the pipe and cigar and cigarette holder with
one orifice only, in which to insert the stem or mouth-piece, my Invention also
consists in making the bowl with two orifices, in which case they are each removed
some little distance from the centre of the vertical height of the bowl, the one being

page_text: a little above such point, and the other a little below it. In this case I also insert.a
plug into one of the open ends of the bowl or tube, and also a plug into that one of
the two orifices which is nearest to such plugged end. I then insert the stem or
mouth-piece into the other or upper orifice, and having filled the bowl with tobacco,
I smoke it down so far as the position of the orifice and of the stem or mouth-piece
will allow. Having done which and extinguished the lighted tobacco, I fill up the
part smoked out, extract the plug from the opposite end of the bowl, and insert it
into the end just filled. I then extract the plug from the orifice before mentioned,
and insert into the other one, or that which before had been farthest removed from
the plugged end, but which now is nearest it. I then smoke down the tobacco in
the bowl as before, and so on continuously, when it will be found that the nicotine,
instead of passing out of the bowl into the stem or mouth-piece, becomes absorbed
in the tobacco situated between the two orifices in the bowl in which the stem or
mouth-piece is inserted; or, instead of filling in such space with tobacco, I also
employ a removeable disc or plug made of any suitable porous material capable of
absorbing the nicotine.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Castleden in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 17th January
1879.
GEORGE CASTLEDEN, of Canterbury, in the County of Kent.
TOBACCO PIPES AND CIGAR AND CIGARETTE HOLDERS."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention consists in improvements in pipes for smoking tobacco and cigar
and cigarette holders, the object of the improvements being to so construct such,
pipes and cigar and cigarette holders that they shall not become foul, and may be
self cleaning by causing the nicotine to be consumed, or partially consumed, or
driven out, by burning the top and bottom of the charge of the tobacco alternately
(or reversing the pipe bowl or holder), also to allow the whole of the tobacco to be
consumed, thus avoiding the usual waste.
But to make my Invention better understood I will proceed to describe my.
improvements as applied to tobacco pipes by reference to the accompanying Drawing,
in which Figures 1 and 2 shew sectional elevations of one form of construction of
my improved pipe; Figure 3, a sectional elevation of a modification of the same;
Figure 4, a similar view to Figure 3, but shewing the pipe provided with a raised
false bottom; and Figure 5, a section of a further modification.
Similar letters in all the Figures represent similar or corresponding parts.
In carrying out my Invention, I employ a hollow cylinder a, Figure 1, open at
both ends and provided with a removeable cork stopper or plug b, of any suitable
material and construction, for closing either end of the said cylinder, as herein-after
described. To this cylinder a is fitted an ordinary pipe stem c, with mouth-piece d,
in the usual manner; or, instead of forming the bowl of a plain cylinder, I may
construct the same so as to form it with a division or diaphragm e in the middle,
with a central hole f, as shewn in Figure 2.
In a pipe of the construction shown in Figure 1, the stopper 6 being placed in
one end of the bowl or cylinder a, the bowl or cylinder a is then filled with tobacco,
and the tobacco being lighted is smoked until it is consumed down to the middle of
the cylinder, as indicated by the dotted lines, the nicotine falling into the tobacco in
the lower part of the cylinder a. The upper part B of the cylinder a is now refilled
with tobacco, and the cork stopper or plug 6 is removed from the lower end A of
the cylinder a and placed in the upper end B, and the cylinder being turned over,
the tobacco in the other part A of the cylinder is then smoked, the nicotine sinking
as before, or being partially consumed, and so on alternately, thus keeping the bowl
of the pipe constantly clean.
In Figure 2 the bowls are filled and the stopper placed in the bottom bowl, and
the pipe is sinoked as in Figure 1, or only one division is filled with tobacco, the
other serving as a condenser.
The pipe shewn in Figure 3 has a bowl a, and cork stopper or plug b, similar to
that shewn in Figure 1, but it is provided with two holes at equal distances from
the ends. Into one of these holes is placed a plug or stopper g, and into the other
the stem c. When the tobacco in the upper part of the bowl or cylinder a (down
to the dotted lines) has been consumed, the same is refilled, as herein-before described,
and the stopper is removed and placed in the other end of the cylinder, and the
stem e and plug g being removed the stem is placed in the hole from which the plug
has been removed, the plug being placed in the one lately occupied by the stem, and
the pipe smoked as before.
The action is similar to that described by reference to Figures 1 and 2. When
however the pipe is constructed as shewn in Figure 3, I prefer to provide it with a
cylindrical perforated condenser h, Figure 4, of any suitable material, and fitted to
the stopper b, the top of the condenser forming a false bottom. This condenser h
serves to receive the nicotine and moisture from the tobacco in the bowl above, and
such nicotine and moisture can be easily removed by withdrawing the stopper band

page_text: condenser h, which are then placed in the other end of the bowl a, and thus the pipe
is kept sweet and clean as each end is alternately purified by being burnt.
In Figure 5 I have shewn a modified construction of pipe, the opposite ends of
the bowl being at right angles, or nearly so, by which I am enabled to dispense with
the hole in the bowl for receiving the stem c, and insert the stem c, which is provided
with a stopper or cork i, in each end alternately of the bowl, the tobacco being
placed in the opposite end alternately, so that the pipe is kept constantly clean.
Although I have only described my Invention as applied to tobacco pipes, the
arrangement for cigar or cigarette holders is so far similar as to need no further
description.
Having thus described my Invention, and the best means I am acquainted with
for carrying the same into effect, what I claim is,―
Firstly. A pipe for smoking tobacco, consisting of a hollow reversible cylinder,
or its equivalent, provided with a removeable cork stopper or plug, adapted for
closing either end of such cylinder, and having a hole through the bowl, about
centrally thereof, adapted to receive an ordinary removeable stem, all substantially as
herein-before described, and represented in Figures 1 and 2 of the accompanying
Drawing.
Secondly. The reversible bowl having a cork stopper or plug adapted for either
of its ends, and two openings leading into the bowl, one for the stem and the other
for a plug (and with or without a consumer forming a false bottom), as herein-before
described, and represented in Figures 3 and 4 of the accompanying Drawing.
Thirdly. The modified construction of pipe in which the hole for the stem is
dispensed with, as herein-before described, and represented in Figure 5 of the
accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Castleden, have hereto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-nine.
Witness,
G. F. REDFERN,
Patent Agent,
4, South Street,
Finsbury.
GEORGE CASTLEDEN. (L.S.)