Improvements in Expansible Lubricating Pistons.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 25th Feb., 1899-Accepted, 12th Aug., 1899
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Expansible Lubricating Pistons.
We, WALTER HAY and EMERSON MILES HOTCHKISS, of New Haven, in the
County of New Haven and State of Connecticut, United States of America,
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:-
This invention relates to improvements in trunk pistons, which are more
particularly intended for use in connection with caloric or explosive motor
cylinders, and the objects of these improvements are:
First; to provide for a suitable lubrication for said pistons (cylinders
respectively),
Second; to render said pistons expansible with regard to fitting the wall of
such cylinders, and
Third; to provide suitable means for such purposes, which are most efficient
and durable in operation.
I attain these objects substantially by the means and in the manner shown in
the accompanying drawings, in which,
Figure 1 represents a longitudinal, part sectional and part exterior view of a
piston, embodying the features above alluded to, and
Figures 2, 3, and 4, respectively, represent transverse sectional views on
lines, y y, and z z.
Like letters of reference denote like parts in the drawing and specification.
The illustration of the piston herewith given substantially comprises the
frame A, the semi circular casings B, B, and C, C, the fillers D, D
the springs E.
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and
Circular plates or disks a a¹, constitute the piston terminal of the frame A, the
outer plate a of which is held secure and concentric in connection with the inner
plate by means of the core b, see Figure 1.
As shown, the outer terminal c of the frame is adapted for yoke connection with
a crank shaft or equivalent.
It is obvious, that the sides d d be of such form as to embody greatest resistance
in a comparatively light structure.
The casings B, B, and C, C, consist of the arch plate e and the flanges f f ;
said casings are of corresponding width so as to fit closely between the plates a a¹.
The fillers D, D, are prepared of suitable lubricating ingredients and com-
pressed into solid state to suit the cavity of the casings, see Figures 1, 2, and 3.
The springs E, E, are of an elongated return form, in preference flat steel
being used for the purpose of forcing the casings with contents against the wall
of the cylinder.
Through the ports g g and h h admission is had for the springs into the piston
proper, said ports also serve in the nature of guides, for the purpose of retaining
the casing and springs in about the relative position as shown.
Any suitable mode or form of connection may be adopted for the purpose of
retaining the terminal i of the springs in operative connection with said casings,

page_text: see Figures 1, 2, and 3. It is intended that the casing joints relatively should be
about at right angle in order to effect a uniform expansion of the casings round
the cylinder wall, also to prevent leakage past said joints.
Auxiliary blocks F, F, are employed in connection with the front casing C, C.
Said blocks cover the joints of said casings and admit of the expansion thereof
under exclusion of exposure of said joints, see Figures 1 and 3.
The piston is rendered self lubricating owing to the lubricous consistency of
the fillers D, D, the material of which fillers are made is sufficiently hard in
nature to answer the purpose of making tight contact with the cylinder wall in
order to prevent leakage past the piston.
The form and position of the spring admits at all times of inspection thereof,
and a ready adjustment if necessary; furthermore; the active part (loop) is
so far removed from the heat of the cylinder that from this source no injury can
be done to the springs.
It is obvious that the frame A of and for the piston may consist of an integral
skeleton formed substantially as shown or a structure answering the same purpose
may be constructed of more than one part without departing from the nature of
this invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is―
1. A piston comprising a frame one end of which terminates in separated
disks, a plurality of semi circular casings carrying solid lubricants and fitting
between said disks and elongated return bend springs arranged in suitable con-
nection with said casings for expanding the latter in the manner as and for the
purpose set. forth..
2. A piston consisting of a frame of which one end terminates in separate disks,
two or more sets of casings, lubricating fillers carried by said casings, which fit
between said disks, auxiliary blocks for the outer set of casings, and elongated
return springs, extending through ports in the inner disk and being in operative
connection with said casing, all constructed and arranged for the purpose set
forth.
3. In a piston the combination of a frame one end of which terminates in
separated disks, a plurality of casings intermediate said disks, lubricating fillers
and joint covering blocks for said casings and elongated return bend springs, all
constructed and arranged substantially for the purpose set forth.
Datel this 25th day of February 1899.
WHEATLEY & MACKENZIE,
40, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Agents.