Dynamo-electric Generators and Motors.
Year: 1895

page_text: Date of Application, 26th Feb., 1895-Accepted, 30th Mar.; 1895
Dynamo-electric Generators and Motors.
I, ARTHUR EDWIN LONES, High Street, Princes End, near Tipton, Stafford-
shire, Draughtsman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
According to my invention an electric motor, or a dynamo-electric generator, is
constructed so that any part may be quickly and easily removed for examination,
replacement, or repairs. Nearly the whole of the wire of the armature coils is also
rendered effective in generating or utilizing the current.
Figure 1 shews a longitudinal vertical section of the dynamo, or electric-
motor.
Figure 2 shews an end elevation of the dynamo, or electric-motor, with the
internal electro-magnet removed.
The armature wire-coils are carried by plates T which slide or fit in between
dovetailed or other shaped grooves in metal bars A. These bars A have projections
at one.end for securing them at equal distances apart around or near the circum-
ference of a metal disc B, by means of set pins D, or bolts. By making the plates
of ebonite or vulcanite, black ebony, natural or artificial ivory, Foucoult currents
are entirely prevented. The plates may be made of aluminium, or other metal or
metal alloy.
To enable the wire to be wound securely and compactly upon the plates, the
latter may be formed with flanges W, shewn by an end view of a plate Figure 3.
It is evident that, the bars A may be formed with tenon ridges, or fillets, to engage
with grooves formed in the two flanged edges of the plates. The free ends of the
bars A may enter holes drilled at equal distances apart around a metal ring and
be secured by screw-nuts. Perforations, grooves, or corrugations, may be formed
in the plates, in a direction at right augles to that in which the wire is wound, to
cause ventilation of the wire-coils. The disc.B is mounted upon a shaft C, which
is rotated, by any suitable gear or power, in bearings R, R', supported by a
foundation plate or casting G. The bearings may be mounted in plummer-blocks
bolted to the casting G.
The armature, constructed as above described, rotates between the pole-pieces E, E',
of an internal electro-magnet U and the pole-pieces F, F¹, of external electro-
magnets Z.
The interual electro-magnet U is secured by set-pins K to a metal plate or
casting H; which is fixed by set-pins K¹ to the external electro-magnets. The
pole-piece F is bolted to a planed part of the foundation casting G, with sheet-lead
interposed between. The internal electro-magnet may be wound with the same or
a different gauge of wire to the external electro-magnets. The electro-magnets
may be connected up in shunt or in series with the external circuit; or they may be
compound wound, that is their cores are wound with thick wire in series with the
external circuit and with thin wire in parallel arrangement with the external circuit.
The thin wire coils are, however, in series with the armature coils, and the thick.
wire-coils are in parallel arrangement with the armature coils.
The commutator bars M (Figure 1) bed upon the periphery of a hard-wood
ring O, which fits upon a metal bush feather-keyed upon the shaft C. Each bar
has a projecting piece at each end for securing it to the ring O by a single through
bolt N. Strips of insulating material are made of a dove-tailed cross-section and

page_text: firmly enclosed in the spaces between the bars, which have their adjacent edges
bevelled.
Round metal pieces soldered to the wire ends of the armature coils fit in holes
drilled in projections, shewn by dotted lines, on the bars M and are held therein by
set-pins or milled-head screws. The brush-holder fits upon a hard-wood ring S
upon a loose metal bush on the shaft C.
By providing a number of sets of the armature plates T and winding each set
with a different guage of wire, it would only be necessary to remove one set of
plates from between the bars A and insert a different set, to obtain currents of a
different voltage and amperage from the same machine.
When the dynamo is required to be used as an electro-motor the plates T are
made of malleable cast-iron or of wrought-iron. The bars A, in this case, are
preferably formed with tenon fillets to engage with a corresponding shaped groove
in each flanged edge of the plates T.
The flanges. on the plates T are also made massive. The armature coils are
joined up to the commutator bars M as in a "Gramme" machine, that is, the end
of one coil and the end of an adjacent coil are connected to the same bar.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
1. A dynamo-electric generator, or an electro-motor, having the armature,
commutator, and electro-magnets, constructed, combined, and arranged, substantially
as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the accompanying drawings.
2. In a dynamo, or electro-motor, having the armature formed of wire coils
wound upon removable plates, providing two or more sets of the said plates as, and
for the purpose, hereinbefore described.
3. Providing the plates, of the armature herein before described, with per-
forations, grooves, flutings or corrugations, as, and for the purpose, hereinbefore
described.
Dated this 26th day of February 1895.
ARTHUR EDWIN LONES.