IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING RANGES
Year: 1866

page_text: 1.
LETTERS PATENT to Edward Knowles Heaps, of Leeds, in the County
of York, Ironmonger, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING
RANGES."
Sealed the 8th February 1867; and dated the 9th November 1866.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Knowles Heaps
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents with his Petition, on
the 9th November 1866.
I, EDWARD KNOWLES HEAPS, of Leeds, in the County of York, Ironmonger,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
CoooKING. RANGES," to be as follows:-
The first part of my Invention consists in rendering an ordinary Yorkshire
range capable of conversion at pleasure into a closed fire range, so that it may
be used, either, as, an open or a closed fire range. To effect this I
adjustable and, moveable plate of iron furnished in the usual manner with an
orifice, and so, made, as. to rest on either, side of the fire-place, and furnished.,
with a back plate capable of being secured by bolts or other convenient means
to a permanent back or flue plate of the range when a closed range is required,
an aperture in the "back brick setting." of the range conveying the smoke
behind such permanent back plate. I have thus a closed range applied to an

page_text: per-
open one, and capable of removal when required, a closed damper in the
manent back plate upon such removal causing the smoke from the open
fire to ascend as usual in front of the back plate.
The second part of my Invention consists in the adaptation of a curved flue
to the side boiler, such flue forming a part of the same, and affording greater
heating surface, as well as allowing greater depth, and consequently a larger
amount of water content in the boiler. Similar flues I am aware have been
used in back boilers, but not in side boilers. The flues in my improved range
are not taken from the top of the fire (as is the case with ordinary closed
ranges) for the purposes of heating either the oven or ovens, or the boiler,
therefore a greater amount of heat is thrown out from the front of the fire,
thereby making it as easy to cook or roast in front of the fire (when a closed
fire is used) as in an open Yorkshire range.
The third part of my Invention consists in the use of fire-brick in lieu of
the usual iron bottom of the oven. For this purpose I place lips or ledges of
iron near the bottom of the sides and back of the oven for the brick to rest
upon. This brick is properly cemented round the edges, and in order to
obtain equable results in the material to be baked or cooked in the oven, as
the heat will be most intense on that side of the oven nearest the main body
of the fire, I make the brick proportionately thicker at that side, gradually
tapering down to the desired thickness on the opposite side.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Knowles Heaps in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 9th May 1867.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EDWARD
KNOWLES HEAPS, of Leeds, in the County of York, Ironmonger, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Ninth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-six, in the thirtieth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Edward Knowles Heaps, Her special licence that I, the said Edward
Knowles Heaps, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such other's as
I, the said Edward Knowles Heaps; my executors, administrators, and assigns,
should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all

page_text: times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully
might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COOKING RANGES," upon the condition (amongst others)
that I, the said Edward Knowles Heaps, my executors or administrators, by
an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the. nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Edward Knowles Heaps, do. hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed; to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
The first part of my Invention consists in rendering an ordinary Yorkshire
range capable of conversion at pleasure into a closed or into an open or
ordinary Yorkshire range (Yorkshire ranges have been made with closed fires
but not with 'the provision of converting them into Yorkshire or open fire
ranges). To effect. this I use an adjustable and moveable plate of iron
furnished in the usual manner with an orifice, and so made as to rest on
either side of the fire-place and on the bottom part of a strong permanent
back or flue plate, which back or flue plate is secured by bolts or screws to
the covering of the oven on one side and to the covering of the boiler on the
other side. When a closed fire is required the smoke passes through an
aperture in the brickwork at the back of the fire, and then passes behind the
permanent back or flue plate into the chimney. When an open or Yorkshire
range is required, the whole of the adjustable and moveable plate of iron with
the orifice is entirely removed, a damper which is fitted into the back or flue
plate behind the fire place is then pushed in, by so doing the smoke is prevented
from passing through the aperture behind the fire in the brickwork and
ascends in the regular way. as in an ordinary open or Yorkshire fire range,
for the smoke now passes in front of the back or flue plate, whereas the smoke
passed through the. aperture in. the brickwork and behind the back or flue
plate when as a closed fire.range.
The second part of my Invention consists in the adaptation of a curved flue
to the side boiler, such flue forming a part of the same and affording greater
heating surface, as well as allowing greater depth of boiler, and consequently
a larger amount of water contained in the boiler. Similar flues I am aware

page_text: Thirdly, for adapting the flue to a common side boiler in the manner
described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Edward Knowles Heaps, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Eighth day of May, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.
EDWARD KNOWLES HEAPS. (L.S.)
Witness,
P. H. SHARP,
Agent to the Patentee,
Leeds.