Improvements in Drums for Centrifugal Separators for Milk and other Fluids.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 4th June, 1889-Accepted, 6th July, 1889
600DT Can
MIN
Improvements in Drums for Centrifugal Separators for Milk and
other Fluids.
I, SOPHUS CHRISTOPHER HAUBERG of the Company Koefoed and Hauberg of
Copenhagen Denmark, Manufacturers do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:
When centrifugal separators such for instance as are used for separating new milk
into cream and skim milk are so arranged that the separated liquids in leaving the
drum each pass over an edge or bridge, one of which is adjustable, these bridges are
always made so wide that the liquids passing over same are of comparatively shallow
depth, or in other words the radial dimension of the mass of liquid is here small as
compared with its peripheral dimension. In order to take into account the different
specific gravity of the skimmed milk and the not separated milk the bridge for the
exit of the skimmed milk is placed a little further from the central axis of the drum
than that for the exit of the cream. The proportion between the position of these
two bridges is made adjustable by a set screw forming one of the bridges and which
can be so set that for full normal milk supply to the drum the desired proportion
between cream and skim milk, generally 1 to 4, is obtained. But as soon as the feed
is altered, the outflow alters of course also, the thickness in radial direction of the
liquids flowing out will also alter and larger or smaller amounts of liquid will in like
intervals leave the drum.
Because as above explained the depths of the liquids are but slight in proportion
to their widths, a strong or a slight feed will alter the proportion between these
slight depths, so that it is impossible to keep the proportion between the cream
and the skim milk constant without keeping the feed constant also.
In the following I shall describe a solution of the problem of keeping the proportions
between the cream and the skim milk constant even when the feed varies. The
proportion between the amounts of effluent liquids is in direct proportion to the
sectional areas of the liquids at the places where they rise over the exit bridges, and if
now these areas vary in direct proportion to the feed, or if the proportion between
them is kept constant during varying feed, then the proportion between the amount
of effluent liquids will also be preserved. For this purpose I make the bridges
narrow in peripheral direction, so that the liquid flowing over same has a comparatively
great radial depth or thickness or in other words the radial dimension is made large
relatively to the peripheral. If the feed for instance is increased, the separated liquids,
the cream and the skim milk, require larger outlet areas, and this is attained, by
increase of depth of effluent liquids. As this increment of depth or radial dimension is
the same for both liquids and is in direct proportion to the amount of feed, and thus
the proportion of exit areas only depends upon their width it becomes possible by
arranging the widths of the bridges according to certain proportions to preserve the
proportion of effluent liquid amounts constant with varying feed.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a vertical section through a centrifugal
drum with adjustable cream outlet. Figure 2 is a plan of same partly in section
shewing the outlet a for the skim milk and the outlet 6 for the cream. Figure 3
is a section shewing a fixed unalterable cream outlet b and Figure 4 a plan section
of same.
The drum is shewn in working condition with the cream e nearest its axis, the
unseparated milk f next to it, and the skim milk g outermost and with its outlet
pipe c for carrying off the skim milk by the exit a. The skim milk and the cream
are shewn standing up to the exit edges, and as soon as there is an increased feed of
new milk the outflow will begin at a and 6 and will fill them exactly so far that the

page_text: outflow and inflow will balance each other. The greater the inflow the nearer the
surfaces of the outflowing liquids at a and b will approach to the axis of the drum,
and the so filled areas will have the same thickness or radial dimension and
consequently be in proportion to the. peripheral dimensions. Hence the milk will
separate into skim milk and cream in a proportion that depends upon the peripheral
width of the outlets. The drum may therefore be made with fixed outlet, and so that
the same proportion always obtains between the cream and the milk.
Such an
arrangement is shewn in figures 3 and 4. Or as shown in figure 2 I may arrange it
so that the cream outlet is made as a pipe d having at one end a slot the width of
which in proportion to the width of the milk outlet a determines the proportion
between the cream and the skim milk. By unscrewing this pipe and inserting a pipe
with a slot of another width a new proportion between the outlet widths is obtained
and thus another proportion between the cream and the skim milk, such proportion
always remaining independent of the feed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what 1
claim is :-
First. In centrifugal separator. drums the application of liquid outlet openings
or bridges constructed in the form of narrow slots radial to the drum axis and of
constant width which is small in proportion to their length, so that a practically
constant proportion is obtained between the amounts of effluent fluids, for instance
skim milk and cream, even when the feed varies, because the said proportion
depends directly upon the proportions of the constant widths of the said slots and
only in a practically inappreciable degree upon the increased or diminished radial
dimensions of the liquid flow at the outlets caused by the varying feed, substantially
as set forth.
Second. In centrifugal separator drums the construction of the cream outlet
bridge d figure 3 in the form of a passage 61 open towards the inside closed towards
the outside and partly cut out of a lug on the inner side of upper edge of drum and
partly in the wall of the drum substantially as set forth.
Third. In centrifugal separator drums the construction of the cream outlet in
the form of a screwed pipe d figures 1 and 2 which is screwed into the bridge
for the cream outlet at the side wall of the drum and which has a slot of the
width in accordance with the desired proportion relatively to the skim milk slot a,
such pipe & being capable of being replaced by a pipe with slot of other width
when the proportion between the effluent cream and milk, is to be altered substantially
as set forth.
Dated thin 4th T
1000
JENSEN & SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.