Improvements in or connected with Turnstiles.
Year: 1893

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or connected with Turnstiles.
I, RAMON CHAVARRIA CONTARDO, of 48 Rue de Malte, Paris, in the
Republic of France, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:—
My invention relates to improvements in or connected with turnstiles by means
of which certain advantages are obtained.
One method of fraud with similar apparatus consists in preventing the barrier of
the turnstile from closing at the moment when a person leaves in order that another
person can enter without his entry being registered by the counter.
Having now described the nature of my invention I will proceed with the aid of
the accompanying drawings to describe how my invention is to be or may be carried
into effect.
Figure of the drawings represents my apparatus diagrammatically in per-
spective only, my main object being to show my mechanism for the prevention of
fraud. For this reason the casing forming the base of the apparatus is shown
partially uncovered and the parts of the fraud preventing mechanism only are
shown.
Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 are diagrams.
Figure 6 shows the parts enclosed in the casing in elevation.
Figure 7 shows a plan of the same.
Figure 8 shows in plan a pulley with chain and a spiral spring also represented
in Figure 6.
Similar letters indicate similar or equivalent parts and as the apparatus consists
of two symmetrical parts the parts on the right are indicated by the sign or
index () in addition to the letter of reference.
According to Figure 1 and the diagrams the vertical rods A, A', carrying the
wings or stiles B, B1, (forming the gate) rotate on pivots at their feet. The
adjacent rods C and C are also vertical but they rotate on the pivots I, I' at their
feet D, D', which are oblique. These feet as well as the rods are in the same
symmetrical plane.
When a traveller enters (in the direction of the arrow Figure 4) he pushes the
wings B, B1, forward. By means of the mechanism represented in Figures 6, 7
and 8 the rods A, A', cause the oblique feet D, D', to turn and with them the
rods C, and C into the oblique positions indicated in elevation in Figure 3 and in
plan in Figure 4. This prevents a second person or traveller from entering
immediately after the entry of the first one. When the first entry has been made
the wings B, B', and the rods C, C¹, come back to their normal positions.
Chains p, p, attached to the tops of the rods A, A' and C C complete the
obstruction of the passage.
If a person or traveller leaves in the direction of the arrow (Figure 5) the
same rods close the way behind him turning in an opposite direction (Figure 5).
The base of the apparatus consists of a piece of iron of H shape in horizontal
position. The left side of this piece is represented at H in Figures 1 and 6. The
transverse bar of the H shaped piece forms at its two ends an extension J which is
bent or raised so as to give an inclination to the segment L placed over it. The
parts D D' which serve as feet for the rods C, C', turn on the pivots I, I'. The
sockets in which the feet of the rods A, A', turn are carried by two bridges E, E',
fitted in the base.

page_text: A toothed sector or quadrant & pivotted at K on the base gears with the
segment L on the socket F. An arm N fitted to the foot of the rod A carries a
pin or roller M which while rolling on the inner surfaces of a piece P fitted to or
forming part of the sector G operates as hereinafter described. When a person or
traveller enters, by pushing forward the wings B, B', the arm N through its
pulley M pushes against the piece l' and causes the sector G to turn, this causes
the sector or quadrant L to turn and with it the rod C which as has been described
closes behind the entering traveller. At the moment the pulley arrives at R (sec
dotted lines Figure 7) the rod C has nearly completed a fourth of a revolution and
the roller M now rolls on the curved surface of the piece P. This curved surface
having for its centre the foot of the rod A, the piece P is no longer moved by the
continued turning of the rod A., the gate or stile completes its opening and the
rod C remains stationary.
The two halves of the apparatus work simultaneously, identically and symmetri-
cally. The spiral-springs S, S¹, which are attached to the two sectors 'G, G¹,
being in tension, bring back the sectors to their normal positions and the
wings B, B', also return to their normal positions.
A person or traveller when leaving or making exit operates the apparatus
inversely in a similar manner and then the springs T, Ti Figure 7 causes the
return to normal positions. To obtain a greater regularity and simultaneousness in
the action, the two parts two toothed wheels (or two half wheels) U, U', are fixed
to the sectors G, G¹, and gear together. The pulleys V V are attached to the
rods A and A respectively (Figure 6). Two chains pass around the pulleys V
and Vand the ends of these chains are connected by metal rods or bands which
cross each other (Figure 8) so that the two rods move simultaneously. A spiral
spring Z (Figures 6 and 8) is attached at the one end to the edge of the pulley V
and at the other end to the edge of the pulley V. This spring serves to bring
back the rods A, A', to their normal positions, when a traveller while entering
has caused them to move in either direction. The electrical apparatus which I
propose to use here is the same as described in my Specification of a Patent
-application-filed-on May_the_11th 1893_and_numbered 9479.
In Figure 1 is represented at the foot of the rod A a small arm a to whose end
a contact spring is attached this spring acts on a commutator placed at any
convenient point, for instance at e on the bridge E.
At the other side of the bridge (hereinafter called the left side) I place a bell
actuated at each entry by an arm similar to a and fixed at the other side of the
rod, in such a manner that it may not be sounded when the stiles assume their
normal positions. The left pivot signals by the bell and causes all the entries to
be marked by a counter. The right pivot signals and causes all the departures to
be marked by another bell and another counter.
The electrical apparatus which allows employees to enter and leave without
marking the counters and giving a signal by bell or a special signal is also
described in the Specification filed by me as referred to above.
My mechanism designed to prevent fraud, as mentioned consists of the following
arrangement (Figure 1).
A rectangular plate 6 is pivotted at two points
on two supports fixed on the
bottom of the base. As this plate is only loosely pivotted it always returns to its
vertical position after having been moved out of it.
with
A lever d pivotted at i passes through an opening in the plate and its extremity
forms a stopping catch as is shown in the profile (Figure 1). In the floor
forming the top portion of the casement a panel is fitted hinged at its side n, o,
and in the same plane with the main floor. This panel is lifted slightly by springs s
which rest on fixed plates t. Under this panel is fixed horizontally an arm
a bent end. The bent end of the arm rests without pressure on the lever d (very
mear its pivot) so that when a traveller is standing on the panel his weight causes
the panel to be lowered slightly but sufficiently to totally lift the long arm of the
lever d.

page_text: The arms N and N' (carrying the pulleys) reach to the middle of the base and
touch each other with their ends. The extremities of these arms, in their move-
ment to and fro meet the sides of the plate b, cause it to incline in one direction or
another whenever a traveller departs."
When a traveller goes out the weight of his body on the panel lifts (as has been
explained) the long arm of the lever d but the catch r does not prevent the plate-
from inclining forwards and the arms pass freely. After the traveller has taken
his feet from the panel it rises and the lever d falls back so that the arms N and N¹.
can freely return to their normal positions. But, if, with the object of letting
another traveller fraudulently enter the wings or stiles are prevented from returning
to their normal positions a second traveller by putting his feet upon the panel
causes the lever d to be lifted and the catch is engaged in the plate 5, preventing
the return of the arms N, N', to their normal positions and the rods C, C¹, are
prevented from returning to their open positions. The traveller whom one has.
desired to introduce in this way is thus forced to withdraw and he can only enter
by pushing forward the stiles in a regular manner and so that the electric counter.
may mark his entry.
It should be remarked that the turnstile apparatus, as above described can be
halved so as to consist of only one wing and only one obstruction rod, for if the
single stile or wing for closing the passage is widened, it is necessary only to
increase the slant of the foot of the obstruction rod so as to increase the slant of
the rod to the necessary extent in order to complete the obstruction of the passage..
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is.
1. The new or improved turnstile substantially as set forth.
2. The arrangement and combination of parts substantially as set forth with.
reference to Figures 1 to 8 inclusive.
3. The improvement in or connected with turnstiles which consists in the-
combination of wings or stiles with the obstruction rods C, C' substantially as and
for the purpose set forth.
4. The improvement in or connected with turnstiles consisting in the operating.
mechanism set forth with reference to Figures 6, 7 and 8.
5. The improvement in or connected with turnstiles consisting in the combination.
of the parts mentioned in Claim 4, and electrical counting mechanism substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
6. The improvement in or connected with turnstiles consisting in the fraud
preventing mechanism substantially as set forth.
7. The form of turnstile in which a single wing or stile and a single obstruction.
rod are employed substantially as set forth.
Dated this 27th day of July 1893.
RAMON CHAVARRIA CONTARDO,.
Per J. G. L.