CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WINDOW FRAMES AND IN THE HANGING OF WINDOW SASHES
Year: 1875

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Mansfield Lloyd at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
24th February 1875.
I, CHARLES MANSFIELD LLOYD, of Mornington Crescent, in the
County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of my said Invention
for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WINDOW FRAMES AND IN
THE HANGING OF WINDOW SASHES," to be as follows:-
First. The Invention is designed for the purpose of offering the
greatest facility in removing the sashes from window frames and
replacing them again in their seating when so required for painting,
glazing, or cleaning.
And, Secondly. In the method and arrangement of hanging window
sashes in their frames so as to dispense with counterbalance weights.
According to the first of these improvements I provide one or both
of the inner sides of the window frame with swivel beadings attached
thereto by hinges or other equivalent, and so constructed that when

page_text: closed and in their normal position they can be secured by thumbscrews
or catches, so as to form the grove in which the sashes slide, but when
it is desired to remove the sashes for cleaning or other purposes the
thumbscrews or catches are loosened, and the beading turned back so as
to form a clear passage for the sash, which can then be removed from its
seating by mearly pulling it outwards into the room; and in order that
the sash when out from its framing may be turned over so as to be got
at on its outside and be easily turned about, I hang it in its frame by cords
that are attached to its lower inner edges, a groove at each end being
provided to receive the loose lengths of cord extending to the suspending
pullies so that when taken from the framing and turned over as
described the sash is still held by its suspending cords. The top sash
is got at and removed in manner similar to the lower one by mearly
removing the middle beading, which is supported below on a beviled
portion of its length, its upper end being inserted through a hole in the
top frame.
Secondly. The improvements relate to a novel arrangement of hanging
window sashes, so that counterbalance weights are dispensed with, also
in securing or locking the sashes when closed by self-acting means.
This portion of the Invention consists in first making the top and
bottom sashes of such a weight that they will counterbalance each other
when suspended or hung in their framing by means of cords that pass
over pullies in the upper portion of the framing, the cords being
connected to the lower inner edges of each sash in manner similar to
that described in the previous arrangement. The action of the sashes
when being opened will cause the upper one to drop a distance
proportionate to the raising of the lower one, and in order to keep both
sashes well up to their seatings when closed, so that any expansion in
their connecting cords may be compensated for, I make their connection
with the sashes through the medium of springs, which may be metallic
coiled ones and adjustable, or of india-rubber.
I also arrange the sashes and their framing in such a manner that the
upper sash may be lowered for ventilation and the bottom sash will
remain closed; to effect this I sink the lower sash when closed into a
recess in the bottom portion of the window frame, so that it will have to
be raised a few inches before being opened, the movement of which will
be compensated for by the lowering of the top sash, thus effecting a top
ventilation; the recess in the lower frame receiving the bottom sash also

page_text: forms a joint that effectually excludes weather and draughts. This
lower recess is also provided with a spring catch so arranged that when
the sashes are closed the catch acts by self-acting means and locks the
window in a manner that it cannot be opened from the outside, as the
lock is effectually hidden from sight, and completely out of the way of
persons attempting to open the window from the outside.
"
By constructing sashes so as to counterbalance each other and with
swivel beadings as described, “Venitian or other similar construction
of windows may be supplied with sliding and removable sashes, so
that the side sashes of such windows which have hitherto been fixtures
can be removed equally as well as the others in the manner as herein-
before described for painting, glazing, and cleaning, or for other
purposes.