Improvements in Forging Machines for Making Wire Nails and for like purposes.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 28th Dec., 1591
Complete Specification Left, 28th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 5th Nov., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Forging Machines for Making Wire Nails and for
like purposes.
I, ALFRED MILWARD REYNOLDS, of the Chunk, Crown and Phoenix Nail
Works, Newtown Row, in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturer, do hereby declare
the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the manner in which I construct and arrange machines
for making wire nails and for like purposes, whereby I dispense with the springs,
and cam at present employed for actuating the heading tool, and employ instead a
heading tool or tools actuated by an independent power agent, in the form of a
steam, air, gas or water power cylinder and fittings for the same.
In carrying my invention into effect when constructing a wire nail machine, I
arrange the cutting off and gripping gear, levers, cams, and slides, upon the frame
of my machine in the usual or ordinary manner; and I give motion to these parts
and to the feeding slide, and knocking off gear by means of a shaft driven by belt
in the usual manner.
Upon the end frame of the machine I mount a steam, air, gas or water power
cylinder, and I place within the same a piston having its piston rod extending to,
or formed in one with a plunger, which I employ as my heading tool holder. This
rod or plunger which may be round or any other shape I pass through bearings or
journals arranged upon the bed plate or between the frames of the machine in the
ordinary way, in order to give a true motion to the heading tool which I attach to
the extreme end of the rod or plunger in the usual manner. The cylinder I provide
with a cover and with an ordinary stuffing box and gland for the rod to pass through,
and I arrange any ordinary form of valve and system of parts for controlling and
supplying the motive power to the back and front end of the piston as may be
required to suit the particular agent employed. When employing steam I prefer
to place the slide valve upon the top of the cylinder with its valve rod passing
through any ordinary gland over the centre line of the piston rod, having a trip or
controlling lever connected to its end, which lever I prefer to mount upon a bracket
in such manner that it has a vibrating movement. Upon the lower end of this lever
I sometimes arrange a roller or disc against which a cam or crank may press at
any desired and determined period of the movement of the other portions of the
machine, so that the lever may be moved by it and thus the steam admitted to,
and exhausted from the cylinder, at the right moment, for driving the heading tool
in, to form the head upon the nail or nails within the die box of the machine, and
for withdrawing the heading tool when this is done.
I regulate the intensity of the blow to be given by the steam piston or steam
heading plunger, by means of any ordinary tap, stop valve, throttle valve or
reducing valve, placed in connection with the steam pipe, and 1 control this valve
by means of a quadrant lever or other ordinary graduated and adjustable sliding
handle or wheel, placed in any convenient position for manipulation.
I prefer to place behind the piston operating valve lever, a spring or weight for
the purpose of keeping the end of the lever always in contact with the controlling
cam.
By this arrangement and combination of a separate adjustable motive power
for heading the nails, I am enabled to obviate the risk of weak and uncertain
action due from the ordinary arrangement of spring impelled heading tools,
and to save the friction and loss of power now consumed in driving the cams
against the action of the springs, thereby economising the power required to.
produce the nails in a perfect form. I am also enabled to dispense with the

page_text: cumbersome spring resisting cam, and to thereby improve the ordinary arrange-
ment of driving shaft and fittings for actuating the other ordinary portions of the
machine.
I prefer to allow the piston to cushion at or near the outer end of its stroke in the
cylinder, so that too great a travel and too sudden a stop may be prevented, when
the plunger is being withdrawn.
I regulate the intensity of the blow by adjusting the inlet tap or valve to suit
any particular requirement; and I sometimes use this valve, or attach any ordinary
stop cock or shut off valve, to prevent any accidental movement of the piston
and plunger when the tools or other parts of the machine are being fitted or
adjusted.
employ the same system of independent power within a cylinder having a piston
connected to a heading tool as hereinbefore described, when using air, gas or water
power; and I modify the arrangement and position of the cylinder to suit any
particular or peculiar requirement for like purposes.
Dated this 24th day of December 1891.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Forging Machines for Making Wire Nails and for
like purposes.
I, ALFRED MILWARD REYNOLDS, of the Chunk, Crown and Phoenix Nail
Works, Newtown Row, in the City of Birmingham, Manufacturer, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to the manner in which I construct and arrange machines
for making wire nails and for like purposes, whereby I dispense with the springs
at present employed for actuating the heading tool, and employ instead a heading
tool or tools actuated by independent power agent in the form of a steam, air, gas or
water power cylinder and fittings for the same.
In carrying my invention into effect when constructing a wire nail machine, I
arrange the cutting off and gripping gear, levers, cams and slides upon the frame
of my machine in the usual or ordinary manner; and I give motion to these parts
and to the feeding slide and knocking off gear by means of a shaft driven by belt
in the usual manner.
In the three accompanying sheets of drawings
Figure 1 (Sheet 1) is an elevation of my improved machine and Figure 2 is a plan
of the same.
Figure 3 is a part sectional elevation of my steam cylinder and valve and
Figure 4 is a part sectional end elevation of the same; while Figure 5 is a
diagrammatic elevation of my steam cam.
Upon the end of the frame A of the machine I mount a steam, air, gas or water
power cylinder B, and I place within the same a piston C (Figure 3) having its
piston rod D extending to or formed in one with a plunger D₁ which I employ as my
heading toolholder. This rod or plunger D' which may be round or any other
shape I pass through bearings or journals E, E', arranged upon the bed plate or
in the frame A, A¹ of the machine in the ordinary way in order to give a true
motion to the heading tool G which I attach to the extreme end of the rod or
plunger in the usual manner.
The cylinder BI provide with a cover B' and with an ordinary stuffing box and
gland for the rod D to pass through when employing steam on both sides of the
piston, and I arrange any ordinary form of valve and system of parts for controlling

page_text: and supplying the motive power to the back and front end of the pistongas may
be required to suit the particular agent employed. When employing steam I prefer
to place the slide or other valve H upon the top of the cylinder as shown in
Figures 3 and 4 in which H is a piston type valve with its valve rod passing
through an ordinary gland h¹ over the centre line of the piston rod, having a trip
or controlling lever K connected to its end which lever I prefer to mount upon.
bracket in such a manner that it has a vibrating movement. Upon the lower
end of this lever K I sometimes arrange a roller or disc k against which a cam L
or crank may press at any desired and determined period of the movement of the
other portions of the machine, so that the lever K may be moved by the cam L
(shewn in elevation at Figure 5) and thus the steam admitted to and exhausted
from the cylinder B at the right moment for driving the heading tool G in to form
the head upon the nail or nails within the die box M, of the machine and for
withdrawing the heading tool when this is to be done by steam. In the machine
shown in the accompanying drawings I employ a single acting steam cylinder for
heading or giving the forward movement to the heading tool, while the return or
backward movement I obtain by means of the ordinary cam O acting in the usual
manner upon the plunger D'. The steam valve H I prefer to form with its two
ends of different diameters in order that the unbalanced pressure of the steam may
keep the lever roller k on or against the operating cam L.
I admit steam into the single acting cylinder B through the single port just
as the edge of the cam O is leaving the plunger D'. And after the stroke has
been made I exhaust the steam from the cylinder into the exhaust end H' of the
valve chamber through the same port b. The exhausting of the cylinder is effected
during the movement of the main driving shaft R in time for the cam O to come
correctly into position for withdrawing the plunger D' in the ordinary well known
manner, but when the plunger has travelled about half way or any determined
distance back I close the exhaust port 6 in order to give a cushionary action to the
piston C and thus prevent its. travelling too far, the valve being again opened
when the plunger has been brought to rest.
The steam cam L (Figure 5) I fix or form upon one of the ordinary cutting cams,
and I provide it with a projection giving an exhaust opening at P, a port closing
at P allowing compression to occur, a further or clearing opening at P³ and a steam
opening at Pi
I sometimes regulate the intensity of the blow to be given by the steam piston
or steam heading plunger in one simple manner by means of any ordinary tap, stop
valve, throttle valve or reducing valve placed in connection with the steam pipe F,
and I control this valve by means of a quadrant lever P or other ordinary graduated
and adjustable sliding handle or wheel placed in any convenient position for
manipulation.
0
I sometimes place behind the piston operating valve lever K a spring or weight
for the purpose of keeping the end of the lever always in contact with the controlling
cam.
By this arrangement and combination of a separate adjustable motive power for
heading the nails I am enabled to obviate the risk of weak and uncertain action
due from the ordinary arrangement of spring impelled heading tools and to save
the friction and loss of power now consumed in driving the cams against the
action of the springs, thereby economising the power required to produce the nails
in a perfect form.
I regulate the intensity of the blow by adjusting the inlet tap or valve lever P
to suit any particular requirement; and I use this valve, or attach any ordinary
stop cock or shut off valve to prevent any accidental movement of the piston and
plunger when the tools or other parts of the machine are being fitted or adjusted.
I employ the same system of independent power within a cylinder having a
piston connected to a heading tool as herein before described, when using air, gas
or water power; and I modify the arrangement and position of the cylinder to
suit any particular or peculiar requirement for like purposes.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The combination and arrangement of a steam or other motive power cylinder
having a piston or plunger for giving the forward movement or heading blow in a
machine for making wire nails and for like purposes, while the return or back
stroke of the heading tool and plunger is accomplished by cam action driven from
a shaft in the usual ordinary manner, substantially as and for the purposes herein-
before described.
2. In a machine for making wire nails and for like purposes, having a cam
withdrawing inotion for giving the return stroke to the heading plunger or tool
such as D; the construction and arrangement of a steam cam such as L for
automatically controlling the steam or other valve such as H for giving the
forward movement to the heading tool or plunger, substantially as herein before
described and as set forth in the accompanying drawings.
3. In a machine for making wire nails and for like purposes, having the ordinary
belt or gear driven parts for cutting off and pointing the wire and for withdrawing
the heading tool, the combination of a plunger D'. with a piston rod D and
piston C substantially as and for the purposes hereinbefore described and as
illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
4. In a machine for making wire nails and for like purposes, the construction
and arrangement of steam valve such as. H, cylinder as B and cam such as L
having a cushionary arrangement provided for preventing undue travel of the
piston C, substantially as hereinbefore described and as illustrated in Figures 3, 4,
and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
1
Dated this 27th day of September 1892.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birminghamn, Agents for the Applicant.