IMPROVEMENTS IN ROUGHENING OR OBSCURING GLASS GLOBES, TUBES, OR OTHER VESSELS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Martin Rae, of the City of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Joiner, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROUGHENING OR OBSCURING GLASS GLOBES, TUBES, OR OTHER VESSELS."
Sealed the 3rd July 1860, and dated the 23rd January 1860.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Martin Rae at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd January
1860.
I, MARTIN RAB, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Joiner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN ROUGHENING OR OBSCURING GLASS GLOBES, TUBES, OR OTHER VESSELS," to
be as follows:-
The glass globes, tubes, or other vessels to be roughened or obscured I
partially fill with gravel, sand, and water, and fix them on a shaft or spindle,
and cause them to revolve by suitable machinery. I mention gravel and sand
as cheap and good substances to be used, but other hard bodies may be
substituted for them.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Martin Rae in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 21st
July 1860.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MARTIN
RAB, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Joiner, send
greeting.

page_text: WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Iler Letters
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-third day of January, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-third year of Her
reign, did, for Ierself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Martin Rae, Her special licence that I, the said Martin
Rae, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the
said Martin Rae, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
ROUGHENING OR OBSCURING GLASS GLOBES, TUBES, OR OTHER VESSELS," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Martin Rae, by an instrument in
writing under my hand and seal, should particularly describe and ascertain the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be per 1
formed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Soal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Martin Rae, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My Invention consists in roughening or obscuring glass globes, tubes, or other
vessels. The articles to be roughened or obscured I partially fill with gravel,
sand, and water, and fix them on a tubular shaft or spindle, and cause them s
to revolve by suitable machinery. I mention gravel and sand as cheap and
good substances to be used, but other hard bodies may be substituted for
them.
I partially fill the glass globes, tubes, or other vessels with sand, gravel, or
other hard substance and water, and then fix them on a tubular shaft or
spindle, which I prefer to be made of iron, having holes communicating
from the inside to the outside, placed over a trough, and having chucks or
washers made of wood, india-rubber, gutta percha, or similar substances, to
separate one vessel from the other. I cause the shaft or spindle to revolve by
machinery or hand, supplying water by a funnel through the tubular shaft
when required; and for this purpose I place the shaft in a diagonal position,
so as to allow the water to flow down into the glass globes, tubes, or other
vessels when they are in motion.
In order that my improvements may be more definitely explained, I have

page_text: exhibited in the Drawings, accompanying these Presents, such representations
as are necessary to illustrate their application.
$
Figure 1 represents the tubular shaft or spindle with two glass globes
affixed to it, and held asunder by the chucks or washers, with the funnel for
supplying the water, and the crank by which it is turned round; Figure 2
represents a chuck or washer detached from the tubular shaft or spindle;
Figure 3 represents a frame with a trough and bearings supporting three
tubular shafts or spindles, on which are affixed glass globes separated by chucks
or washers. The tubular shafts or spindles are supported in higher bearings
at the further end, where the water is supplied by funnel, so that it may
more easily flow down into the globes or vessels to be operated upon. The
tubular shafts or spindles are turned round by a strap from the line shaft,
driving a pulley fixed on a short shaft in a line with the middle shaft or
spindle, and the two side spindles are driven from the centre one by friction
pulleys, which are also fixed on short shafts. Each short shaft has a crank,
which comes in contact with a stud on the spindle to which the globes or
other vessels are attached. By the side of the spindles is a bearer for holding
a fresh spindle of glass globes. In all these Figures it will be observed that
similar letters of reference are marked upon corresponding parts of the
apparatus.
a is the tubular shaft or spindle, having the holes b, b, through it, and the
stud c at the front part, by which the rotary motion is communicated. The
screw d at the back part of the spindle is to connect all the globes or other
vessels to the spindle. The glass globes e, e, separated from each other by
the chucks or washers f.f. The shafts or spindles revolve in the bearings
m, m, of the frame h, and they are turned round by the cranks i fixed to
short shafts revolving in the bearings 9, 9; the pulley is turned by the strap k
communicating with the line shaft l; n is a trough for water; o, a receptacle
for sand, stones, or other materials used for roughening or obscuring the glass
globes or other vessels; p is a funnel to supply water to the interior of the
shaft or spindle. The glass globes e, or other vessels required to be roughened
or obscured are partially filled with sand or gravel, and fixed on the tubular
shaft or spindle a, each glass globe or vessel being separated from the other
by a chuck or washer f. On motion being applied by the strap, pulley, and
crank above described, or other suitable gearing, or by hand, the glass globes,
tubes, or vessels containing the sand, and gravel, and water are made to revolve,
and thus expose every part of their inner surfaces to the friction of the sand
and gravel. It is evident that tho roughening or obscuring process can be
carried on slowly or quickly, by diminishing or increasing the speed of the

page_text: tubular shaft or spindle. It will also be seen that water can be supplied as
required through the funnel communicating with the tubular shaft or spindle.
Having now described my improvements in roughening or obscuring glass
be
globes, tubes, or other vessels, and the manner in which the same may
performed, I wish it to be distinctly understood in conclusion, that I do not
desire to claim the exclusive use of any of the parts of which such apparatus
may be composed where separately considered; neither do I intend to confine
myself to any of the dimensions or peculiar forms of such apparatus as are
shewn in the Drawings annexed, as I have therein represented an apparatus
constructed in the manner above proposed as I think is best calculated to
carry my Invention into effect; but I claim the roughening or obscuring of glass
globes, tubes, or other vessels by connecting them to a perforated tubular
shaft or spindle, or shafts or spindles, and separating such glass globes, tubes,
or other vessels by chucks or washers, as herein-before shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Martin Rae, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twentieth day of July, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty.