Improvements in Devices for Facilitating Vaporisation in Steam Generators.
Year: 1899

page_text: "
Date of Application, 25th Sept., 1899
DI MUIFICATION.
Improvements in Devices for Facilitating Vaporisation in Steam
Generators.
I, ALPHONSE REIS, of No. 30, Boulevard Leopold, Anvers, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
Amongst the means which have hitherto been adopted for facilitating the pro-
duction of steam in steam generators, the greater number have been based upon
the employment of tubes provided with wings or ribs, thus affording an increased
surface, or upon the use of spirally wound tubes or some arrangement of a similar
kind serving to increase the path to be traversed and indirectly the heating
surface utilised.
None of these means is adapted to be applied directly to existing steam
generators, so that they could only be adopted when an entirely new plant was
being installed or when an existing plant was in course of conversion.
די
Now the object of my invention is to facilitate the production of steam to an
extent not hitherto obtained by utilising the difference of density existing
between steam and water, whilst at the same time enabling this result to be
obtained in any existing water tube boiler, without necessitating any modi-
fication or the replacement of any part of such generator. With this object my
invention consists of a metal part intended to be inserted in the tubes of water
tube generators, and essentially characterised by a flat metal bar, which is
arranged vertically in such tubes and which is provided. laterally
at its upper portion with inclined plates or partitions which follow
the contour of the upper portion of the tube whilst leaving at the lower part of:
the same a free space for the circulation of the water. When a part of this
kind is inserted in a tube, this latter becomes, so to speak, divided throughout
its length into two distinct portions; the lower portion, which is entirely free
being reserved for the liquid to be vaporised, whilst the upper portion is divided.
into a series of compartments having oblique containing walls.
•
1.
The steam generated in this tube, rising to the upper portion thereof by reason
of its smaller density, passes through these compartments travels over the oblique
walls and is thus caused to enter the liquid to which it imparts a bubbling or
agitating motion before rising into the succeeding compartment, through which
it passes and then again enters the mass of liquid and the remaining compart-
ments until it attains the extremity of the tube and enters the steam collector.
The device which forms the subject of my invention consists of a flat metal
bar arranged vertically in the tube in which it is maintained pressed against the
topmost generating line by means of two wedges supporting the bar at its two
extremities..
This bar forms a joint at its upper portion throughout the entire length of
the tube and leaves a free space at the lower portion of this tube.
The bar is provided at intervals with oblique plates or partitions following then
'

page_text: contour of the tube at its upper portion. The obliquity of these plates or
partitions depends upon the obliquity of the tube in the generator, and is deter-
mined in such a manner that the angle which these plates form with the upper
portion of the bar is sufficiently obtuse to enable the bubbles of vapour to readily
slide along the said partitions.
When a part thus constituted is inserted in a steam generating tube, and
maintained in position by means of the wedges the vapour generated tending to
rise to the upper portion of the tube by reason of its relative lightness is forced,
on encountering the inclined plane formed by the first partition to follow the
contour of this latter and consequently to enter the water; its difference of
density however causes it to again rise immediately but only to be caused to re-
enter the water at the next partition e, and so on in, succession each time it
encounters a partition. Now each immersion of the steam produces the effect.
in the water which passes through the tube, of a steam mixer, and as the parti-
tions are preferably arranged as close one to the other as possible, the succession
of mixing or washing operations to which the steam is submitted imparts to the
water in a manner which is at once simple and automatic, an irregular or bubbling
movement which increases the vaporisation.
My invention thus enables vaporisation to be facilitated in a manner which is
hoth simple and practical, and this merely by inserting in the generator tubes
removable parts the installation of which is readily effected and which does not
necessitate any modification in ordinary water tube generators.
17
1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Devices for Facilitating Vaporisation in Steam
Generators.
I, ALPHONSE REIS, of No. 30, Boulevard Leopold, Anvers, in the Kingdom of
Belgium, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement:
Amongst the means which have hitherto been adopted for facilitating the
generation of steam; the greater number have been based upon the employment
of tubes provided with wings or ribs affording an increased surface, or upon
the use of spirally wound tubes or some arrangement of a similar kind serving
to increase the path to be traversed by the water and indirectly the useful
heating surface.
None of these means is adapted to be applied directly to existing steam
generators, so that they could only be adopted when an entirely new plant was
being installed or when an existing plant was in course of conversion.
Now the object of my invention is to facilitate the generation of steam to an
extent not hitherto obtained by utilising the difference of density existing
between steam and water, whilst at the same time enabling this result to be
obtained in any existing water-tube boiler, without necessitating any modifi-
cation or the replacement of any part of such generator. My invention consists
of a device or metal part intended to be inserted in the water tubes of the
generator, and comprises a flat metal bar disposed vertically in such tubes and
provided laterally at its upper portion with inclined plates or partitions which

page_text: follow the contour of the upper portion of the tube whilst leaving at the lower
part of the same a free passage for the circulation of the water. When the device
is inserted in a tube, this latter becomes, so to speak, divided throughout its
length into two distinct portions; the lower portion, which is entirely free being
reserved for the liquid to be vaporised, whilst the upper portion is divided into
a series of compartments having oblique containing walls.
The steam generated in this tube, rises by reason of its lower density, then
travels through these compartments, along the oblique walls and is thus caused
to re-enter the liquid to which it imparts a bubbling or agitating motion before
rising into the succeeding compartment, through which it passes and then again
enters the liquid and so through the remaining compartments until it reaches
the end of the tube and enters the steam collector.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into
effect I have shown in the accompanying drawing one form of my device by
way of an example only.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a vaporising tube provided with my
device.
Figure 2 is a cross-section through this tube, and
Figure 3 is an elevational view of the device separately.
The device shewn in the drawing consists of a flat metal bar a arranged verti-
cally in the tube b in which it is maintained in position against the top portion
thereof by means of two wedges c supporting the bar a at its two extremities.
This bar thus forms a joint at its upper portion throughout the entire length
of the tube 6 and leaves a free space at the lower portion of this tube.
The bar is provided at intervals with oblique plates or partitions e following
the contour of the tube b at its upper portion. The obliquity of these plates or
partitions e depends upon the obliquity of the tube in the generator, and is
determined in such a manner that the angle which these plates form with the
upper portion of the bar a is sufficiently, obtuse to enable the bubbles of vapour
to readily slide along the said partitions.
When a device thus constituted is inserted in a steam generating tube, and
maintained in position by means of the wedges in the manner shewn in the
drawings, the vapour generated tending to rise to the upper portion of the tube
by reason of its relative lightness is forced, on encountering the inclined plane
formed by the first partition e, to pass along the surface of this latter and finally
re-enter the water; its difference of density however causes it to again rise
immediately but only to re-enter the water at the next partition e, and so on in
succession each time it encounters a partition. Now each immersion of the
steam produces the effect, in the water which passes through the tube, of an
agitator, and as the partitions & are preferably arranged as close one to the other
as possible, the succession of agitations to which the water is thus subjected by
the steam imparts to it a continuous bubbling motion which, although effected
in a simple and automatic manner, increases the vaporising capacity of the tubes
to a high degree.
My invention thus provides simple and practical means for facilitating vaporisa-
tion by inserting in the generator tubes the aforesaid removable parts, which
can be readily effected without necessitating any modification in existing water-
tube generators.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
A device for facilitating vaporisation in water-tube steam generators, in-
tended to be inserted in the generator tubes, and consisting of a flat metal bar
maintained in a vertical position in the tube by means of wedges in such a
manner as to press against the topmost portion and to leave a free space at the
lower portion of this tube, such bar being fitted with plates or partitions follow-

page_text: ing the contour of the upper surface of the tube and arranged obliquely upon the
said bar at an angle adapted for causing the steam generated, which naturally
rises to the upper portion of the tube, to re-enter the water and then again
to escape therefrom after having passed round these partitions.
Dated this 18th day of Tuna 1000
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.