Improvements in what are known as " Pneumatic" Tyres.
Year: 1892

page_text: This Print is in accordance with the Original Specification as it stands after
Amendment (under Section 18 of the Patents, &c. Act, 1883) as allowed by
the decision of the Chief Examiner of the 30th day of November 1897.
Date of Application, 8th Sept., 1892-Accepted, 19th Nov., 1892
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (AMENDED)..
Improvements in what are known as " Pneumatic" Tyres.
I, PERMILIE LA FORCE, of 125, Church Street, in the City of Toronto, in the
Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to that class of tyre in which an elastic tube is expanded
within an outer casing detachably connected to the rim or felloe of the wheel, and
the object of my invention is to so connect the inner tube to the outer and the
outer to the rim of the wheel that in event of injury to the tyre, it can readily be
detached the. hole detected and repaired and the tyre replaced on the felloe in a
very short period, and it consists of an outer casing having enlarged portions
contained in a recess in the rim of the wheel and held therein by a metal band,
and of an inner expanding tube made of sheet rubber, the edges being bent
inwardly and cemented to form an inner seam, the back of the tube being cemented
to the outer casing, substantially as hereinafter more particularly explained.
Figure 1 is a section of a wheel provided with my improved tyre, a portion being
broken away to admit of the tyre being shown on a larger scale.
Figure 2 is a sectional view of a modified form of tyre.
Figure 3 is a sectional view showing the method of removing the tyre from the
wheel.
In pneumatic tyres of ordinary construction, it is a difficult matter to remove the
tyre for repairs and as the inner tube is held to the outer casing by the pressure
caused by its inflation immediately that the air escapes from the tube, the said tube
collapses and is entirely separate from the outer casing. When the tyre comes in
contact with a sharp stone or some other obstruction by which, it is punctured
through the tube as well as through the casing, it becomes necessary that the tube
should be repaired, and the great difficulty in the class of tubes I refer to is to
discover the exact spot where the puncture has been made, and it is to overcome
these difficulties that my invention has been devised.
In the drawing, A is the outer casing of rubber and canvas, to each side of which
is connected a cord or strip B, of any suitable material and shape.
The felloe C, is recessed, as shown, to receive the cords B, which are held
therein by the metal band D.
E is the inner tube formed of a sheet of rubber or similar material suitably cut
and folded to form a tube when the edges are turned inward and cemented as
indicated in the drawing.
The centre F, of the felloe is preferably raised and the metal band D, fitted
closely against it as shewn, thus preventing any motion of the band D, other than
sideways and rendering it impossible for the band D), to be pressed so closely to

page_text: the felloe on the lower side of the wheel as to leave enough. space between the
band and the felloe on the upper side to allow the cords B, to be partially or
wholly withdrawn.
In Figure 2, I show my improved tyre adapted to the felloe of an ordinary
bicycle wheel which is made without a raised centre.
G, are fly pieces connected at their upper edges to the outer casing and
overlapping the metal band as shown to prevent it cutting the inner tube E.
When it is designed to remove the tyre for repairs, it is merely necessary to
remove the air pressure, when the band 1), may be slipped to one side, (see Fig. 3)
and one edge of the outer casing removed; the band is then slipped the other way
and the other edge removed. When the tyre is removed, the inner tube can easily
be got at for repairs. The inner seam of the said tube lies over the band D,
the body of the tube E, being next to the portion of the casing A, forming the
tread of the tyre. As it is through this portion of the tyre that the punctures are
made, I carefully cement the body of the tube E, to the outer casing A, so that
the two become integral. Consequently when the hole is made through casing and
tube, it is an easy matter to find out where the hole in the tube is by simply
marking the outer casing where the air escapes. When the tyre is removed, the
tube E can be opened immediately behind the hole in the casing and the patch of
rubber or other suitable material may be cemented over the spot where the hole
has been made. This may be done immediately without any special skill.
Owing to the inwardly projecting form of joint, the pressure of the air when the
tube is inflated, has a tendency to hold the joint closed. One of the advantages
of my improvement, I may mention, is that the inner tube being cemented to the
outer casing, cannot fall so as to interfere with the edges of the casing while they
are. being inserted in the recess of the rim.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. A pneumatic tyre having the inner expanding tube cemented to the outer
casing, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
:
2. A pneumatic tyre having the inner tube made of sheet rubber, the edges
being bent inwardly and cemented to form an inner seam, substantially as and for
the purpose specified.
3. A pneumatic tyre having the inner expanding tube cemented to the outer
casing, the inner tube being made of sheet rubber, the edges being bent inwardly
and cemented to form an inner scam, substantially as and for the purpose specified.
Dated this 8th day of September 1892.
PHILIP M. JUSTICE, Fel. Chart. Inst. P.A.,
55 & 56, Chancery Lane, London, Associate Agent.