Improvements in and in Apparatus for Concentrating and Evapo- rating Liquids and for Burning off Organic Matter therefrom.
Year: 1889

page_text: Date of Application, 15th Aug., 1889
Complete Specification Left, 16th June, 1890-Accepted. 19th July 1890
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in Apparatus for Concentrating and Evapo-
rating Liquids and for Burning off Organic Matter therefrom.
We CARL HEINRICH ROECKNER of S Tynemouth place Tynemouth Northumber-
land, FRANK LIONEL ROECKNER and RAMSEY LLEWELLYN ROECKNER of Frogmore
Mill, Hemel Hempstead Herts, Paper-makers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
:
Firstly To facilitate the evaporation of liquid from fibre boilers and other boilings
in pans or trays, we introduce into such pans or trays a division or midfeather, and
also agitators, which are so constructed, that the liquid is forced to travel round
and round (like pulp travelling in beating engines, known in paper mills) whereby
the heat is fully utilized, by the continual change of the surface of the liquid.
Secondly: In the introduction of mechanically worked incinerators viz.: After
the liquid gets thick or ceases to be fluid and is ready to bo burned off, instead of
using the ordinary calcining or incinerating ovens with floors worked by hand we
introduce circular floors from the centre of which rotating agitators with stirrers
acting like ploughs are worked, by means of which the stuff, whether burning or
not is continually agitated or lifted up from the bottom to the surface, whereby all
organic and other matter is burned off to any desired degree, without manual labour
and the recovered ash leaves each oven finished and ready for use.
moveable agitators, we can make the floor a moveable pan to be acted upon by
Instead of
stationary or moveable stirrers, whereby we obtain the same object viz. to produce
recovered ash, burned off and finished without manual labour.
Thirdly In the introduction of diagonal multiple effects.
:
liquids require concentration or evaporation under a vacuum, by what is known as
When much diluted
multiple effects for utilizing latent heat, we work or construct such multiple effects
diagonally or have the interior pipes, partitions or divisions diagonal instead of
horizontal or vertical, as now used in many different forms, as we maintain the
diagonal position permits the vapours to escape quicker, prevents incrustation, and
gives better results, through a more rapid circulation.
Fourthly In using tube boxes for direct firing, hy placing such tube boxes
diagonally in such manner, that the liquid in its weakest state enters the box nearest
o the fire grate, and passing from one tube box into the other until the liquid from
he tube box, upon which the last heat has been utilized, passes into the multiple
ffects, before described. The steam or vapours from these tube boxes unite into one
ommon chamber. For discharging the condensed waters and for passing the liquids
rom one effect into the other we use siphons so constructed, that the level can be
egulated, as will be herein after described.
Dated this 8th day of Avausi 1000
C. H. ROECKNER.
F. L. ROECKNER.
R. L. ROECKNER.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and in Apparatus for Concentrating and Evapo-
rating Liquids and for Burning off Organic Matter therefrom.
We, CARL HEINRICH ROECKNER, of S Tynemouth Place, Tynemouth, Northumber-
land, FRANK LIONEL ROECKNER, and RAMSAY LLEWELLYN ROECKNER, of Frogmore
Mill, Hemel Hempstead, Herts, Paper Makers do hereby declare the nature of this
invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement, reference being had
to the accompanying four sheets of Drawings, and to the letters and Figures marked
thereon, that is to say :-
Firstly To facilitate the evaporation of liquid from fibre boilers and other boilings
in pans or trays, we introduce into such pans or trays a division or midfeather, and
also agitators, which are so constructed, that the liquid is forced to travel round and
round (like pulp travelling in beating engines, known in paper mills) whereby the
heat is fully utilized, by the continual change of the surface of the liquid.
Figure 1 of the drawings represents a plan of a pan or tray constructed with this
part of our invention applied thereto, which is also seen in section at the upper part
of Figure 2.
A is the pan or tray which we make of oblong section preferably with rounded
ends as shown. B is the division or midfeather. CC are agitators or paddles rotating
in one direction, and D D are agitators or paddles rotating in the opposite direction,
the result being that the liquid operated upon is caused to circulate round and round
in the pan or tray in the direction of the arrows, so that there is no chance of the
liquor either forming in a sediment at the bottom of the pan, or in a scum or crust on
the surface. The agitators or paddles may consist of radial blades with or withont
These pans and
cup-shaped pieces on their outer ends as shewn in Figure 2.
agitators form a simple apparatus for concentrating thin liquor, in place of the well-
known and expensive "multiple effect" apparatus.
-After
Secondly In the introduction of mechanically-worked incinerators viz. :-
the liquid gets thick or ceases to be fluid and is ready to be burned off, instead of
using the ordinary calcining or incinerating ovens with floors worked by hand, we
introduce circular floors from the centre of which rotating agitators with stirrers
acting like ploughs are worked, by means of which the stuff, whether burning or not,
is continually agitated or lifted up from the bottom to the surface, whereby all
organic and other matter is burned off to any desired degree without manual labour,
Instead of
and the recovered ash leaves each oven finished and ready for use.
moveable agitators, we can make the floor a moveable pan to be acted upon by
stationary or moveable stirrers, whereby we obtain the same object, viz. :-to produce
recovered asb, burned-off and finished without manual labour.
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation and Figure 3 a sectional plan of a burning-of
or incinerating apparatus constructed in accordance with this part of our invention.
EE represent the circular floors. F F the rotating agitators fitted with stirrers
or ploughs G G and caused to revolve by means of the shaft J and gearing K
HH are fire places or furnaces for the purpose of starting the operation of calcina
"black liquor" for example has been heated
tion, but which may be shut off when the
to such a degree as to cause the organic matters to ignite. The operation is a
follows: The liquor to be evaporated is put into the trays E E, and also into th
tray A of the apparatus forming the first part of my present invention, which tray A, wit
the agitators or paddles D D may be in duplicate or triplicate if desired, according
The heat from the furnaces H passes ove
the nature of the liquor under treatment.
the liquor in the trays E E, and under and over that contained in the tray c
trays A A when such are employed. The contents of the lowermost tray E fir
become in a condition capable of incineration or calcining. After all the organ
matters have been burnt off in this tray, the ash is withdrawn through suitab
openings, and the tray recharged with a supply of fresh liquor from the tray abo
t

page_text: (through valves or otherwise) which liquor has been highly concentrated by the
action of the heat from the furnaces H and from the burning of the organic matters
in the lower tray. This operation is repeated according to the number of trays etcetera
employed.
It is obvious that if preferred the floor may be caused to rotate while the stirrers or
ploughs remain stationary, or the floors may be made to rotate in one direction while
the stirrers or ploughs rotate in the opposite direction.
Where much diluted
Thirdly In the introduction of diagonal multiple effects.
liquids require concentration or evaporation under a vacuum by what is known as
multiple effects for utilising latent heat, we work or construct such multiple effects
diagonally, or have the interior pipes, partitions or divisions diagonal instead of
horizontal or vertical, as now used in many different forins, as wo maintain the
diagonal position permits the vapours to escape quicker, prevents incrustation, and
gives better results, through a more rapid circulation.
We have found that the best angle of inclination at which to place internal pipes,
partitions or divisions depends somewhat upon the character of the material to be
treated and that the best effects have been obtained with inclinations varying from
35 degrees to 75 degrees with the horizontal.
Fourthly In using tube boxes for direct firing, by placing such tubo boxes
diagonally in such manner that the liquid in its weakest state enters the box nearest
to the fire grate, and passing from one tube box into the other until the liquid from
the tube box upon which the last heat has been utilized, passes into any other
evaporating apparatus. The steam or vapours from these tube boxes unite into one
common chamber.
Figure 4 is an elovation and Figure 5 a plan of a set of tube boxes constructed
and arranged in accordance with this part of our invention.
A are the tubes, which we prefer to place, as above explained, diagonally, that is at
a certain degree of inclination to the vertical or horizontal, according to the nature of
the material to be operated upon. These tubes are divided into any desired number
of separate series, each connected to boxes at top and bottom. All the top boxes B
are connected to a general steam pipe or collector C which conveys the steam produced
in the tubes to any desired point. The bottom boxes D are connected together in
series by passages or pipes E in such manner that the liquid in its weakest state enters
the box nearest the fire grate F by the inlet pipe E¹, and passes from each tube box
into the next by the pipes E, and leaves the last box by the pipe 2, to be conveyed
to the finishing evaporating apparatus. By this incans the greatest heat acts upon
the tube box containing the weakest liquid, and as the products of combustion of the
furnace become cooler they act upon the tube boxes containing the stronger or more
concentrated liquid whereby the heat is utilized more effectually than heretofore.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
First In an evaporating pan or tray the use of a division or midfeather, and
agitators or paddles, so arranged and operated that the liquid is kept in motion in the
said pan or tray, substantially as described, and illustrated in Figure of tho
drawings.
Second In a burning-off or incinerating apparatus the use of a circular floor in
combination with means for mechanically turning over or keeping in motion the
material under treatment, substantially as described, and illustrated in Figures 2 and 3
of the drawings.
Third-The construction and use of multiple effect apparatus the internal pipes,
partitions or divisions of which are placed diagonally or obliquely with reference to
the vertical or horizontal positions substantially as described.
Fourth The tube boxes for evaporating or concentrating, so constructed arranged
and combined that the steam from the upper connecting boxes is collected into and
conveyed away by ono general steam pipe while the liquid to be concentrated passes

page_text: through the series of lower connecting boxes in a direction such that the weaker
iquid is subjected to the greater heat of the furnace, and as the liquid becomes
tronger or more concentrated it is subjected to the gradually decreasing heat of the
products of combustion, substantially as described, and illustrated in Figures 4 and 5
of the drawings.
BACOA CHIS
Lovu uary ΟΙ
June 18JU.
C. H. ROECKNER.
F. L. ROECKNER.
R. L. ROECKNER.
Per W. H. Beck,
115, Cannon Stroot, London, E.C., Agent.