An improved Spirit Stove.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Jan., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 4th June, 1897--Accepted, 24th July, 1897
An improved Spirit Stove.
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45 Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to an improved stove in which use is made of spirit as a fule.
In order to completely utilize the heating power of the spirit and to burn the
products of combustion so that no trace of a bad smell will occur, endeavours have
been made in the present construction to provide for an ample admission of fresh air
to. almost every point of the flame, thereby rendering a special discharge of the
products of combustion superfluous and enabling the stove to be placed at once at
any point of a room. By reason of the great admission of air effected by artificial
means the stove supplies, not small quantities of highly heated air as heretofore, but
large quantities of slightly heated air, and therefore corresponds best to the hygienic
requirements.
The improved stove comprises the lower or bottom part carrying an annular spirit
receptacle. This receptacle is provided with a vertical pipe which joins an horizontal
pipe extending below the receptacle so that the spirit passes into the vaporiser when
the connection (ordinarily closed by a screw-down valve) between the said two pipes
is opened by turning the button or knob or said valve.
The vaporizer is formed of the central draft pipe which is provided at its lower end
with a heating cup which is first filled in the well-known manner with a little spirit
when setting the stove in action, which spirit being burnt causes the vaporizer to he
preliminarily heated. Above the cup the draft pipe is surrounded with a casing so
that here a cylindrical, narrow and high annular space will be formed in which the
before-mentioned horizontal feed pipe terminates and which is furnished at its upper
part all round with holes through which the vaporized spirit issues and at which it is
ignited. The flames issuing horizontally are however very soon deflected upwards by
a casing surrounding the holes at a short distance therefrom, so that the flame is
conducted upwards between the prolongation of the central draft pipe and the casing.
The heat here generated is great, for which reason the casing is surrounded by a second
casing so that the air, can also pass upwards between the two casings. The heat of
the casings is communicated in a sufficient manner to the vaporizer so that this will
be enabled to completely vaporize the quantity of spirit which can flow in between
the feed pipes through the entirely open valve.
On the inner side of the flame the air issues from the holes in the central pipe, the
air rising below through the said pipe is intensely heated on the walls of the pro-
longation of the said pipe with which the flames come in direct contact on the outside,
and passes in a highly heated state through the aforesaid holes interiorly against the
flame, thereby raising considerably the temperature of the flame.
The aforesaid holes or outlet orifices for the hot air are provided in an inclined or

page_text: cone shaped surface which is covered by a flat disc so that a kind of burner disc is
formed. A taper screen furnished with numerous fine holes is arranged parallel to the
inclined under surface of the burner dise, so that the flame must pass through into a
narrow space between the two said surfaces, air being admitted to it at numerous
points also from the outside. The combustion of the gases is therefore so complete
that on the one hand the heating power is completely utilized and on the other hand
no bad smells occur through the escape of unburnt vapour or gases.
The flame now passes into a space which is covered by a taper or conical cap; fresh
and preliminarily heated air passes into this space from below, is mixed with the
ignited gases. and then passes into a similar space which is furnished by a similar
taper or conical cap with a still larger or equally large opening as in the preliminary
cap. Into this space fresh air also enters and is heated on the flame spreading out
more and more. The cooled mixture passes freely upwards into the room.
casing of the stove is heated so that its outer surface will also contribute to the
heating.
The
I, HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co., Patent Agents,
45, Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of
this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
In stoves of the kind represented in section in the accompanying drawing spirit or
other liquid fuel is employed, and in order that the heating power of such liquid fuel
may be completely utilized and further that the waste gases may be so burnt that not
the slightest trace of a disagreeable odour will occur it has been endeavoured, in this
invention, to provide for an ample supply of fresh air to almost every part of the flame.
Thereby a special discharge of the products of combustion is rendered superfluous,
and the stove may without any scruple be placed in any part of a room or apartment.
Owing to the large quantity of air admitted, the stove no longer develops small
amounts of highly heated air as is the case in previous constructional devices of this
kind, but large amounts of slightly heated air and this best meets hygienic
requirements.
This improved stove comprises a base A carrying the annular fuel-receptacle a.
This receptacle is provided with a pipe a', which can be opened through the medium
of the valve k by turning the knob k' of the valve-rod k, to enable the fuel to flow
out and pass to the vaporizer b b¹.
The vaporizer is formed by the central draft pipe b which is provided at its lower
end with a heating cup or vessel b which is first filled in the usual manner with a
small quantity of fuel when setting the stove in action; this filling being effected by
means of the pipe land of the cock provided with a hopper or funnel . On igniting
the fuel thus brought into the cup 64 the vaporizer becomes gradually heated. Above
said cup the draft pipe b is surrounded with a cover or jacket 61, so that at this place
a narrow cylindrical and comparatively. high annular space, the vaporizer proper, is
formed, in the bottom part of which the above mentioned feed pipe al terminates
and the top part of which is provided all round with holes s from which the vaporized
fuel issues while burning.

page_text: The horizontal flames however are very soon deflected upwards by a jacket or casing 62
surrounding the holes s at a small distance therefrom, so that the flame is guided
upwards between the extension e of the central main pipe b and the jacket 62. The
heat here generated is, however intense, and for this reason the jacket or casing b² is
surrounded by a second jacket or casing 63, so that the air, as indicated by the arrows,
can also rise between the two casings or jackets. The heat of the jackets is trans-
mitted to the vaporizer b¹ so that this latter is enabled to vaporize such quantity of
fuel as can flow toward b' through the fully opened valve 2. However, in order to
aid this vaporization and to simultaneously produce an efficient air draft within the
central pipe b, a small auxiliary flame may be arranged which issues from a U-shaped
pipe o, starting from the bottom of the vaporizer, and is automatically ignited through
a lateral hole o¹, as the fuel rises from the cup bª.
The air arrives at the inside of the flame through the holes e2 of the central pipe b
and extension e; the air rising from below through the pipe b becomes intensely
heated in contact with the auxiliary flame and with the walls of the tube e which
latter comes externally into direct contact with the flame; the air in its highly heated
state then passes through the holes e³ and as it arrives internally at the flame, it
greatly increases the temperature of said flame.
The openings e for discharging the hot air are arranged upon an inclined circular
plane or cone, which is covered by a flat dise el, so that a kind of burner disc is formed.
A conical screen f provided with numerous fine holes is placed parallel to the oblique
bottom surface of the burner disc, so that the flame is then compelled to traverse the
space between the inclined bottom surface of the burner disc and the screen f, air
being simultaneously supplied to said flame through numerous holes & from the out-
side. Thus the combustion of the gases is rendered so complete, that on the one
hand the heating power is fully utilized while on the other hand no disagreeable
odour such as would arise from unburnt gases can be caused.
The flame then enters the space which is formed by the lower half of the casing C;
to protect the outer casing C from being heated too intensely a smaller casing m
is inserted; the flame then passes into the space above through the opening of a cap
h. This cap which is preferably inclined upwardly, causes the hot gases to become
intimately mixed with the fresh air which enters through numerous holes h¹ arranged
in the wall of the casing just above the said cap h.
The gaseous mixture thus cooled but yet considerably hot, then passes through
the holes v, provided beneath the cover D, and is discharged into the apartment, or, if
the smaller top cover D¹ be removed the said gaseous mixture freely passes out at the
top or may also be freely discharged through holes n'arranged in the smaller.top
cover D¹, thus heating the apartment. As the cylindrical part C of the stove is like-
wise heated by the ascending gases, its outer wall likewise contributes to the heating
of the room.
The cylindrical part C of the stove is suitably closed by a door g provided with a
handle g, and which door is opened to allow of a free access to the burner disc for
effecting ignition. For the purpose of inspecting the flame, a disc of mica or slide
may be arranged in the usual manner at g².
Instead of using one cap h with holes h¹ arranged immediately above or below, two
or more of such caps may also be provided in the interior of the stove, in order to
ensure as thorough a mixture as possible of the hot gases with the entering air. The
said caps may also be entirely omitted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by my
foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is:—
1. An improved stove for heating rooms or apartments by means of spirit or
other liquid fuel; said stove consisting of a hollow cylindrical vaporizer (b b') supplied
with spirit or other liquid fuel from a receptacle (a) of a jacket 62 for keeping the
flame together and guiding the same upwards vertically; beyond the burner disc (e²)

page_text: provided with holes (e²), in connection with the conical screen (f); substantially as
described and illustrated.
2. In a stove for heating apartments, as set forth in the first claim, the arrangement
of one or several caps (h) in connection with holes (1) allowing of the entering of
fresh atmospheric air, for the purpose of ensuring an intimate mixture of the said
air with the heating gases, substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated this 4th day of June 1897.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45 Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.