IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Waller and Frederick Colyer, both of Holland
"
Street, Southwark, in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GAS."
Sealed the 13th September 1878 and dated the 19th March 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Waller and Frederick
Colyer at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th March
1878.
GEORGE WALLER and FREDERICK COLYER, both of Holland Street, Southwark,
in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF GAS."
This Invention has for its object the construction of apparatus or governors
worked by a vacuum or the pressure of gas, and arranged so as to act on the throttle
valve of the steam engine, and so regulate its speed as to maintain a steady
gauge.
The Invention consists of a cast-iron tank or cylinder capable of containing
water, and from the centre of the bottom of which rises an inlet pipe for the intro-
duction of gas.
Over the inlet pipe and within the tank is a sheet-iron bell or gas holder, which
rises or falls in proportion to the vacuum or pressure of gas within it.
In order to give the bell the requisite buoyancy it is provided with an annular
float, which, though made separate from the bell, is capable of being attached to or
detached from it whenever occasion may require the repair or renewal of the
bell.
Above the float and within the bell there is a deep annular space to which water is
admitted. In the outside of the bell and just above the bottom of this annular space
there is an opening fitted with a slide valve, the rod of which extends to the top of
the bell, so that the attendant may by a handle open or close, or partially open or
close, the valve, and thus regulate the size of the orifice, and consequently the rate
D

page_text: of speed with which water may be admitted to or withdrawn from the annular
space.
On each side of the tank is fixed a standard or pillar, which supports a slotted
cross head.
Fixed to the top of the bell is a rod or bar with a number of teeth in it, so as to
form a rack, which rises and falls within the slot in the cross head. Within this
slot there is also pivotted a quadrant, having on its periphery teeth that gear into
the rack before mentioned.
The spindle or shaft of the quadrant projects sufficiently on one side of the cross
head to admit of a slotted lever being fixed to it, the lever being so constructed as to
allow of its attachment and subsequent alteration to any angle that may be
desired.
To the slotted lever is attached a rod, which communicates with the throttle
valve of the engine.
It will be seen that when the tank is charged with water and the bell lowered,
the valve in the bell being open, water will flow into the annular space, and that on
a pressure of gas taking place within the bell, the latter will rise, and by means of
the rack give motion to the quadrant, and through the intervention of the slotted
lever and rod the throttle valve will be partially closed. The rapidity of the action
of the bell however will be restrained in proportion to the quantity of water that has
to be discharged from or admitted to the annular space, and this speed may be
regulated by the adjustment of the valve.
On the reduction of the pressure, or the formation of a vacuum, the opposite
action will take place, and the throttle valve will be opened. By these means the
hunting or "pumping action which sometimes takes place in governors is
entirely prevented, and a steady gauge maintained.
"
33-
The same arrangement of annular space and valve is also applicable to governors
for regulating the distribution of gas. -

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Waller and Frederick Colyer in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 17th September 1878.
GEORGE WALLER and FREDERICK COLYER, both of Holland Street, Southwark,
in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS USED IN THE MANU-
FACTURE OF GAS."
This Invention has for its object the construction of apparatus or governors
worked by a vacuum or the pressure of gas, and arranged so as to act on the throttle
valve of the steam engine, and so regulate its speed as to maintain a steady
gauge.
The Invention consists of a cast-iron tank or cylinder capable of containing
water, and from the centre of the bottom of which rises an inlet pipe fitted with a
cap having a small hole or holes for the introduction of gas.
Over the inlet pipe and within the tank is a sheet-iron bell or gas holder, which
rises or falls in proportion to the vacuum or pressure of gas within it.
In order to give the bell the requisite buoyancy it is provided with an annular
float, which, though made separate from the bell, is capable of being attached to or
detached from it whenever occasion may require the repair or renewal of the
bell.
Above the float and within the bell there is a deep annular space to which water
is admited. In the outside of the bell and just above the bottom of this annular
space there is an opening fitted with a slide valve, the rod of which extends to the
top of the bell, so that the attendant may by a handle open or close, or partially
open or close, the valve, and thus regulate the size of the orifice, and consequently-
the rate of speed with which water may be admitted to or withdrawn from the
annular.space.
On each side of the tank is fixed a standard or pillar, which supports a slotted
cross head.
Fixed to the top of the bell is a rod or bar with a number of teeth in it, so as to
form a rack, which rises and falls within the slot in the cross head. Within this
slot is also pivotted a quadrant having on its periphery teeth that gear into
the rack before mentioned.
The spindle or shaft of the quadrant projects sufficiently on one side of the cross
head to admit of a slotted lever being fixed to it, the lever being so constructed as
to allow of its attachment and subsequent alteration to any angle that may be
desired.
To the slotted lever is attached a rod which communicates with the throttle valve.
of the engine.
In order that the foregoing may be more easily understood, Drawings are
attached hereto, of which the following is a description.
Fig. 1 is partly an elevation and partly a vertical sectional olevation.
A is the tank, and B, the gas inlet pipe; C is the bell or gas holder, and D, the
removable float attached to and resting upon snugs fixed to the bell; E is the
annular space in the upper part of the bell for the reception of water through
the slide valve F, the rod of which G rises to the top of the bell, where it may be
opened or closed by turning the nut H.
The full size details of this valve and its adjuncts are shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7, and 8; Fig. 2 being a plan of it as seen from the top of the gas holder; Fig. 3 is
an elevation of the nut H; Fig. 4, a section of the nut H and upper part of the
rod G, the lower part of the same Figure showing a section of the valve F and its
seat I; Fig. 5 is an elevation of the valve seat; Fig. 6, a horizontal section of the
same, while Fig. 7 is an elevation of the valve F and part of the rod G; and Fig. 8
is a horizontal section of the said valve.

page_text: Roferring again to Fig. 1, J, J, are standards or pillars supporting the slotted
cross head K; L is the rack, the back of the bar of which is grooved for the
reception of the single and central flange of the guide and friction wheel M.
The top of the bar has a pan or fixed disc N, upon which weights O are placed
when adjusting the governor.
P is the toothed quadrant into which the rack gears, and Q is its shaft. Upon
this shaft there is attached a slotted lever R, the attachment being made by
slitting the end of the lever, so as to allow of its being placed on the shaft,
and then pinching the two sides of the end and the shaft by a screwed bolt S.
This arrangement allows the slotted lever to be fixed at any angle to the quadrant
suitable for its connection with the throttle valve of the engine.
T, T, are bars serving as guides to the bell; and U, U, are the guide wheels
that roll upon the same, and are attached to the bell.
It will be seen that when the tank is charged with water and the bell lowered,
the valve in the bell being open, water will flow into the annular space, and that on a
pressure of gas taking place within the bell, the latter will rise, and by means of the
rack give motion to the quadrant, and through the intervention of the slotted lever
and rod the throttle valve will be partially closed. The rapidity of the action of the
bell however will be restrained in proportion to the quantity of water that has to
be discharged from or admitted to the annular space, and this speed may be
regulated by the adjustment of the valve.
On the reduction of the pressure, or the formation of a vacuum, the opposite
action will take place, and the throttle valve will be opened.. By these means the
" hunting" or pumping" action, which sometimes takes place in governors, is
entirely prevented, and a steady gauge maintained.
"
The same arrangement of annular space and valve is also applicable to governors
for regulating the distribution of gas.
Having now described and particularly set forth the nature of this Invention and
the manner in which the same is or may be used or carried into effect, we would
observe in conclusion that we do not confine or restrict ourselves to the precise details
or arrangements which we have described or referred to, as variations may be made
therefrom without deviating from the principles or main features of this Invention,
but what we consider to be novel and original, and therefore claim as the Invention
secured to us by the herein-before in part recited Letters Patent is,―
Firstly. A bell with an internal annular water space with a valve constructed
and arranged as described and shown on the Drawings.
Secondly. The removable float as described and shown on the Drawings.
Thirdly. The application of a quadrant and rack to governors.
Fourthly. Forming the rack with a hollow in its back for the reception of a
single flanged wheel, as described and shown on the Drawings.
And, Fifthly. The slotted clip lever, as herein described and shown on the
Drawings, as R, Fig. 1.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Waller, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fourteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight.
ARA
GEO. WALLER,
(L.B.)