OD SUDIANT FILTERS
Year: 1860

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Manuel Leopold Jonas Lavater, of Guildford Street,
York Road, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, for the Invention of
TDOWN DODANED OD SUDIANT FILTERS"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Manuel Leopold Jonas
Lavater at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his
Petition, on the 16th November 1860.
I, MANUEL LEOPOLD JONAS LAVATER, of Guildford Street, York Road,
Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the In-
vention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE OR SYPHON FILTERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object improvements in portable or syphon filters.
In constructing portable or syphon filters I employ a tube of vulcanized
india-rubber, india-rubber, gutta-percha, or waterproof fabric, and at one end
thereof I form an enlargement or bag, open at the end, into which the filtering
material, which may be sponge, charcoal, or other suitable substance is
packed. In using this filter, the enlarged end is placed in a vessel containing
the water or liquid to be filtered, and the other end of the tube is allowed to
hang over the edge of the vessel, so that its outer end descends to a lower
level than the end which is within the vessel, then the liquid having been
drawn over by sucking with the mouth at the end of the tube exterior of of
the vessel, the apparatus will continue to act as a syphon, and draw the water
over through the filtering material contained in the enlargement or bag, or
water for immediate drinking may be obtained more rapidly by continuing to
suck with the mouth at the end of the tube exterior of the vessel containing
the liquid. I, in all cases, make the enlargement or bag of vulcanized india-

page_text: rubber, india-rubber, gutta-percha, or waterproof fabric, as these materials are
light, portable, and not liable to injury, but it is not essential that the same
should be made in one piece with the tube; it may, if preferred, be connected
therewith by a short connecting tube of porcelain or other material, over which
the end of the tube and the mouth of the bag pass. Further, it is not essential
that the enlargement or bag should be at the end of the tube, and if desired
more than one enlargement or bag may be employed to contain different
filtering materials. When using as a filtering material a block of moulded
charcoal, I coat the edges of such block with resin, pitch, or other similar
waterproof material to prevent the liquid entering or escaping from the block
at the sides thereof.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Manuel Leopold Jonas Lavater in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 16th May 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, MANUEL
LEOPOLD JONAS LAVATER, of Guildford Street, York Road, Lambeth, in the
County of Surrey, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Sixteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty, in the twenty-fourth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said
Manuel Leopold Jonas Lavater, Her special license that I, the said Manuel
Leopold Jonas Lavater, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Manuel Leopold Jonas Lavater, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE OR SYPHON FILTERS,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Manuel Leopold
Jonas Lavater, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Manuel Leopold Jonas Lavater, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement thereof, that is to say:
This Invention has for its object improvements in portable or syphon filters.
In constructing portable or syphon filters, I employ a tube of vulcanized india-
rubber, india-rubber, gutta-percha, or waterproof fabric, and at one end thereof
I form an enlargement or bag open at the end, into which the filtering material,
which may be sponge, charcoal, or other suitable substance, is packed. In
using this filter, the enlarged end is placed in a vessel containing the water or
liquid to be filtered, and the other end of the tube is allowed to hang over the
edge of the vessel, so that its outer end descends to a lower level than the end
which is within the vessel, then the liquid having been drawn over by sucking
with the mouth at the end of the tube exterior of the vessel, the apparatus
will continue to act as a syphon, and draw the water over through the filtering
material contained in the enlargement or bag, or water for immediate drinking
may be obtained more rapidly by continuing to suck with the mouth at the
end of the tube exterior of the vessel containing the liquid. I, in all cases,
make the enlargement or bag of vulcanized india-rubber, india-rubber, gutta-
percha, or waterproof fabric, as these materials are light, portable, and not
liable to injury, but it is not essential that the same should be made in one
piece with the tube; it may, if preferred, be connected therewith by a short
connecting tube of porcelain or other material, over which the end of the tube
and the mouth of the bag pass. Further, it is not essential that the enlarge-
ment or bag should be at the end of the tube, and, if desired, more than one
enlargement or bag may be employed to contain different filtering materials.
When using as a filtering material a block of moulded charcoal, I coat the
edges of such block with resin, pitch, or other similar waterproof material to
prevent the liquid entering or escaping from the block at the sides thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Manuel Leopold Jonas Lavater, have here-
unto set my hand and seal, this Sixteenth day of May, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
L. J. LAVATER. (L.S.)