IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU- PACTURE OF METALLIC CORD BUITABLE FOR 'CRINOLINE,' BLIND CORD, BELL PULLS, SUSPENDING PICTURES, LACES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Caw, jun., of Halifax, in the County of
York, Accountant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANU-
PACTURE OF METALLIC CORD BUITABLE FOR 'CRINOLINE,' BLIND CORD, BELL
PULLS, SUSPENDING PICTURES, LACES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES."
Sealed the 14th June 1861, and dated the 10th April 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Caw at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th April
1861.
I, JOHN CAW, jun., of Halifax, in the County of York, Accountant,
do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC CORD SUITABLE FOR 'CRINOLINE,' BLIND CORD, BELL
PULLS, SUSPENDING PICTURES, LACES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
In manufacturing cord, according to my Invention, I first cover a metallic
wire of suitable strength, and temper by winding a strand or strands of cotton
or other fibrous materials thereon, as is well understood in covering wire for
bonnets or other purposes; this covered wire is then wound spirally around a
series of strands of fibrous materials to form a non-elastic core to the cord so
covered, or if a cord of great strength is required I employ a covered wire or
wires as a ground work or core for the intended cord, and around it I lay

page_text: (either spirally or longitudinally) a series of strands of fibrous materials, which
are bound together by winding a covered wire around the whole to complete
the cord, or I take a number of wires covered with cotton or other fibrous
materials, and twine them together spirally with or without a core or founda-
tion of strands of fibrous materials and wire, or of either combined in a similar
manner to that practised in the manufacture of wire rope. The fibrous
materials with which the exterior wire is covered may be of any desired color,
and the strength and temper of the wires will depend on the particular purpose
for which the cord is intended.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said John Caw in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 9th
October 1861.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JOHN
CAW, jun., of Halifax, in the County of York, Accountant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Tenth day of April, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fourth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said John Caw, Her special licence that I, the said John Caw,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said John
Caw, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF METALLIC CORD SUITABLE FOR 'CRINOLINE,' BLIND CORD, BELL
PULLS, SUSPENDING PICTURES, LACES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that I, the said John Caw, my executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said John Caw, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-

page_text: formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say :-
In manufacturing cord according to my Invention, I first cover a metallic
wire of suitable strength and temper by winding a strand or strands of cotton
or other fibrous materials thereon, as is well understood in covering wire for
bonnets or other purposes; this covered wire is then wound spirally around a
series of strands of fibrous materials to form a non-elastic core to the cord so
covered, or if a cord of great strength is required I employ a covered wire
or wires as a ground work or core for the intended cord, and around it I lay
(either spirally or longitudinally) a series of strands of fibrous materials, which
are bound together by winding a covered wire around the whole to complete
the cord; or I take a number of wires covered with cotton or other fibrous
materials, and twine them together spirally, with or without a core or founda-
tion of strands of fibrous materials and wire, or of either combined, in a similar
manner to that practised in the manufacture of wire rope. The fibrous materials
with which the exterior wire is covered may be of any desired color, and the
strength and temper of the wires will depend on the particular purpose for
which the cord is intended.
And in order that my Invention may be most fully understood and readily
practised, I will proceed to describe the Drawing hereunto annexed.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING.
Figure 1 shews (on an enlarged scale) a transverse section and external
view of a piece of cord constructed according to my Invention; in this Figure
the core a of the cord is composed of a series of strands of hemp, cotton, or
other fibrous materials enclosed and bound together by the covered wire b,
which is wound spirally around the core a, by a bobbin containing the covered
wire rotating around the core during its passage through a mandril or hollow
axis, as is well understood, or by other convenient means. Figure 2 shews
two views of a similar cord, but having a straight wire c placed in the centre
of the core a of fibrous materials to give additional strength thereto. Figure 3
shews a transverse section of a similar cord, having several wires c, either
straight or twisted together, placed in the centre of the core of fibrous
materials; and Figures 4 and 5 shew transverse sections of cords com-
posed of covered wires and strands of fibrous materials twisted or laid
together in a similar manner to that practised in the manufacture of wire
rope.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the manner of

page_text: carrying the same into practice, I would have it understood that I do not
confine myself to the exact details herein described, so long as the peculiar
character of my Invention be retained; but what I claim is, the construction
of metallic cord by winding a covered wire or wires around a core of fibrous
materials or of fibrous materials and wires combined, or by twisting or laying
a series of covered wires together to form a cord, as herein described.
In witness whereof; I, the said John Caw, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty-seventh day of September, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one.
JOHN CAW, J. (L.S.)