IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARA- SOLS. AND SUNSHADES
Year: 1878

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Matthew Wilson, of Leadenhall Street, in the City of
London, Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARA-
SOLS. AND SUNSHADES.”
Sealed the 7th February 1879, and dated the 10th August 1878.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Matthew Wilson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 10th August 1878.
MATTHEW WILSON, of Leadenhall Street, in the City of London, Merchant.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, AND SUNSHADES."
The object of this Invention is so to manufacture umbrellas, parasols, and sun-
shades as to prevent them turning inside out when in a high wind, or from the
effects of a sudden gust of wind at the corners of streets or other positions.
To effect this object I attach to the end of the rim of an ordinary umbrellà,
parasol, or sunshade a ring; to this ring I fasten a small wire or cord made of any
suitable material which passes through other rings, guides, loops, or eyelets next
hereafter mentioned.
About six inches from the end of the rib I place another ring or loop, and so on,
to about six inches above where the stretcher joins the rib through which the wire.
or cord passes; from this top ring, loop, or eyelet, which is near the top of the rib, I
carry the cord by any suitable means, eyes, rings, or guides, to the cross rib or
stretcher. By this means the umbrella cannot possibly be turned inside out.
Should the wind get under the umbrella, parasol, and sunshade, the leverage is so
great on the joints of the ribs by reason of the cord or wire acting on the stretcher
that it forms an effectual resistance against the wind.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Matthew Wilson in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 10th February
1879.
MATTHEW WILSON, of Leadenhall Street, in the City of London, Merchant.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, AND SUNSHADES."
The object of this Invention is so to manufacture umbrellas, parasols, and sun-
shades as to prevent them turning inside out when in a high wind, or from the
effects of a sudden gust of wind at the corners of streets or other positions.
To effect this object I attach to the end of the rim of an ordinary umbrella,
parasol, or sunshade a ring; to this ring I fasten a small wire or cord made of any
suitable material, which passes through other rings, guides, loops, or eyelets next
hereafter mentioned.
About six inches from the end of the rib I place another ring or loop, and so on,
to about six inches above or below, but preferably below, where the stretcher joins
the rib through which the wire or cord passes; from this top ring, loop, or eyelet, I
carry the cord by any suitable means, eyes, rings, or guides, to the cross rib or
stretcher. By this means the umbrella cannot possibly be turned inside out.
Should the wind get under the umbrella, parasol, and sunshade, the leverage is so
great on the joints of the ribs by reason of the cord or wire acting on the stretcher
that it forms an effectual resistance against the wind.
And in order that this my said Invention may be properly understood, I will
proceed to describe the same by means of the annexed Drawing.
The Drawing shews a sectional elevation of an umbrella provided with my
improved arrangement for preventing the same from turning "inside out."
From near the lower extremity of each rib a I fix loops or rings b, b, b, along the
same at intervals to within a short distance of the juncture of the rib with the
stretcher c, and then from about the same distance from that joint along the outer
part of the stretcher to about the middle of the same. Through these loops or
rings b, b, I pass a flexible cord d, fastening one end to the lower extremity a¹ of
the rib a, and then making the cord taught or tight. I fasten the other end to the
ring on the stretcher nearest the ferral e, as shewn in the Drawing. By this
arrangement I give considerable stiffness to the rib, for the cord acts as a tie to the
same, keeping it from being bent backwards, and thus the umbrella from being
turned inside out:
In the Drawing the umbrella is shewn not quite open or on its fullest stretch
simply for the purpose of better illustrating the same, as in this position the cord is
slack, and thus more readily distinguishable from the ribs and other parts.
Having thus described the nature and object of my said Invention, I declare that
what I claim and desire to be secured to me by the herein-before in part recited Letters.
Patent is, the improvements in umbrellas, parasols, and sunshades by means of which
they are prevented turning inside out, and also the arrangement of the rings and
cords in the manner and for the purposes substantially as herein-before described,
and shewn on the Drawing, or any mere modification thereof.
In witness whereof, I, the said Matthew Wilson, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighth day of February, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-nine.