IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BORING IN THE EARTH AND IN STONE
Year: 1844

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
BEART. of Godmanchester, in the County of Huntingdon, Gentleman, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her present most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Twelfth day of July, in the eighth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the said Robert
Beart, Her especial license, full power, sole privilege and authority, that I,
the said Robert Beart, my exors, admors, and assigns, or such others as 1, the
said Robert Beart, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times during the term of
years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within England, Wales, and the Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR BORING IN THE EARTH AND IN
STONE;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso, that I, the said
Robert Beart, shall cause a particular description of the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be inrolled in
Her said Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said in part recited Letters Patent, as in
and by the same, reference being thereunto had, will more fully and at large
appear.

page_text: NOW KNOW YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Robert Beart, do hereby declare that the nature of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, are fully described and
ascertained in and by the following statement thereof, reference being had to
the Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the figures and letters marked thereon,
(that is to say):-
My Invention has for its object the so arranging of apparatus used, when
boring in the earth and in stone, that the parts cut or moved by the boring
tools may be constantly removed by a flow of water. And in order that my
Invention may be most fully understood and readily carried into effect, I will
proceed to describe the means pursued by me.
It is well known that when boring in the earth that the tools and apparatus
employed are constantly being raised, in order to bring up the soil or matters
cut or moved by the tools. which renders the practise of boring very expensive,
and I have discovered that in many cases I can employ a current of water to
bring up the soil or matters cut or moved by the tools. by which the work of
boring may be carried on for a great length of time without lifting the apparatus
and tools; and the only cases in which my Invention is not applicable are where
the soil through which the boring is desired to take place will not retain water
so as to allow of a constant current being kept to flow upwards in the boring.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure shews an elevation in section of apparatus, arranged according
to my Invention, for boring in the earth in order to form a well; Figure 2
is an external view of the upper part of the apparatus; and Figure 3 shows a
plan of the upper part of the apparatus. In each of these Figures the same
letters of reference are used to indicate the same parts. a, a. is an excavation,
which is first dug. and this excavation is. when working, to be constantly kept
full of water; b, b. to c. c. shows the boring which is being made by any
suitable tool d, which is fixed at the lower end of the tube e. this tube acting
as the bar for giving rotatory motion to the tool d, and at the same time it acts
as one of the limbs of a syphon, so that there will be caused a constant
rising current of water up the tube e, which will carry up the soil and matters
cut or moved by the tool, as will be hereafter more fully explained. The
tube e is made square on the outer surface. is a bar, which is fixed at any
part of the tube e. and by which manual or other power may be applied to
turn the tube e. The tube e is composed of many pieces, which are successively
added, as the boring is increased in depth. by screw joints, in such manner that
the turning of the tube e, when at work, tends to tighten the screw joints. g is

page_text: a stuffing box, and e' is a portion of the tube e. which works in such stuffing
box, and the succeeding parts of the tube e, as they are added, are fastened to
the part e by means of a screw joint at h and the four stops i, which enter
holes formed in the parts of the tube e, such stops being kept in their places
by means of a hoop j. placed over them, as shown: e is the upper end of the
tube c. where there is a pump k, in order to fill the tube c with water before
starting to work with the tube c. as the means of giving motion to the tool or
cutter used at d: the upper end of the tube e is suspended by means of the
bar 1, which embraces the part. c' of the tube c. such har being supported by
chains passing over pulleys, and having weights applied thereto, or by other
means, there being projections m, m. which slide against and are guided by
the guides n. n. which retain the upper part from turning: e is part of the
descending limb of the syphon. The tube c is connected to the upper part of
the tube c at e, as is shown, forming a water-tight joint. hence the part e can
rise and fall to accommodate itself to the descent of the tube e, as is shown
by dotted lines; o being a friction roller on which the tube e" is supported.
Figure shows the parts in the position just after having aflixed a fresh
length of the tube e, and having again got to work; e' is the remainder of the
descending leg of the apparatus, which descends into a reservoir of water p
into which the current of water passing through the tube e. c', e, e³, and e¹.
cuters, constantly carrying with it any soil or matters which have been cut or
inoved by the tool or cutter at d: and there will be a constant flow of water
through the tube e, so long as the water in a, a, stands at a higher lever than
in the reservoir p, and it is by having a constant current of water that the
earth and matters cut and moved at c are carried up out of the boring; and it
will only be desirable further to remark, in respect of this part of my inven-
tion, that the direction of the currents may be reversed by any suitable supply
being constantly caused to descend down the tube e, and ascend up the cutting:
but I believe the means of obtaining a constant flow herein described to be the
best for carrying out this Invention.
Figure 4 shows a means of applying my Invention to the boring in stone: in
this case the water descends through the tube c, the current of water flowing
from the tool, carrying with it the portions of stone cut away by the tool, the
nature of which may be varied. Motion is communicated to the tube c. and
consequently in the tool at d. by means of a strap acting on the drum or
pulley q, on the square part of the tube c. such drum or pulley being supported
at r, so that the square part of the tube e descends through the pulley or
drum.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention, and the best means I

page_text: am acquainted with for performing the same, I would have it understood that
1 do not confine myself to the details shown, provided the peculiar character
thereof be retained. But what I claim is the so arranging apparatus for
boring in the earth and in stone that the earth or matters cut or moved by
the tools employed may be carried away by currents of water, as herein
described.
In witness whereof. 1, the said Robert Beart, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, the Ninth day of January, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and forty-five.
ROBERT (L.S.) BEART.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Ninth day of January, in the
year of our Lord 1845, the aforesaid Robert Beart came before our said
Lady the Queen in Her Chancery, and acknowledged the Specification afore-
said, and all and every thing therein contained and specified, in form above
written. And also the Specification aforesaid was stamped according to the
tenor of the Statute made for that purpose.
Enrolled the Eleventh day of January, in the year of our Lord One