Year: 1897

page_text: I, GEORGE BRAY, of Leicester Place, Leeds, in the County of York, Gas Lighting
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to certain improvements in arrangements in connection
with gas lights.
Hitherto globes for gas lights have been formed so as to give a through draft,
causing a concentrated current or currents of heated air, products of combus-
tion, smoke and other dirt particles with which the air is always more or less
charged, to pass through the top opening or openings and impinge upon
the
ceilings of rooms so lighted, to the detriment of such ceilings, involving the
frequent cleaning and considerable outlay in the redecorating of the same.
Moreover, such globes almost wholly cover the gas flame, thus intercepting and
absorbing a large amount of light which would otherwise pass into the room-
the amount of waste depending upon the density of the glass of which the globes
are composed, and the decorations thereon.
The object of my invention is to obviate these disadvantages.
According to my invention I use a globe of special form which I term a canopy
globe, which I fix in certain relationship to the flame. The main functions of
the canopy globe fundamentally differ from the functions hitherto performed
by globes, as it allows no current to pass through it being closed at the top,
moreover it is fixed in such a position in relation to the flame that practically
the whole of the flame is uncovered, excepting at the top, instead of being
covered as in existing globes; and the light thrown downwards is materially
increased.
By having no outlet or outlets at the top of the canopy globe, and by fixing
the same in a suitable position in relation to the flame, described below, the
concentrated current of heated air, products of combustion, smoke, and other
dirt particles, which pass rapidly through ordinary globes to the ceilings, are
obstructed and diffused quietly into the surrounding atmosphere and the upward
velocity is considerably reduced, and the great discolouration of the ceilings,
hitherto unavoidable is prevented.
By having the flame uncovered, excepting at the top, an unobstructed course
is given for the light from the flame to pass to the middle and lower spaces it is
intended to illuminate.
By the use of the canopy globe, which may be made white inside, (by preference)
to reflect the upper light, the whole material portion of the upper light can be
reflected downwards.
Another advantage derived from the use of the canopy globe, and from the
position in which it is fixed in relation to the flame, is that a material quantity
of the heat reflected therefrom is communicated to the flame at the same time
nat, owing to the diminution of the upward velocity of the draught, less heat
is abstracted from the flame. The complete combustion of the carbon is thereby

page_text: facilitated and the flame is made more brilliant, and less smoky and conse-
quently gives a better and pleasanter light, and has less effect in discolouring
the ceilings.
The best position in which to fix the canopy globe in relation to the flame
is such that a line drawn across the bottom of the canopy globe cuts through
the top of the flame.
The canopy globe may rest upon holders, or be suspended by a support fixed
to the gasefier or bracket.
The canopy globe may be made of various kinds of glass. The interior is
white (by preference) to reflect the upper light, and unlike ordinary globes,
they are capable of being discoloured outside to any extent without materially
intercepting the light.
Dated this 31st day of December 1896.
Improvements in. Arrangements for Gas Lights.
I, GEORGE BRAY, of Leicester Place, Leeds, in the County of York, Gas Lighting
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement:
This invention relates to certain improvements in arrangements in connection
with gas lights.
Hitherto globes for gas lights have been formed so as to give a through' draft,
causing a concentrated current or currents of heated air, products of combus-
tion, smoke and other dirt particles with which the air is always more or less
charged, to pass through the top opening or openings and impinge upon the
ceilings of rooms so lighted, to the detriment of such ceilings, involving the
frequent cleaning and considerable outlay in the redecorating of the same.
Moreover, such globes almost wholly cover the gas flame, thus intercepting and
absorbing a large amount of light which would otherwise pass into the room--
the amount of waste depending upon the density of the glass of which the globes
are composed, and the decorations thereon.
The object of my invention is to obviate these disadvantages.
According to my invention I use a globe of special form which I term a canopy
globe, which I fix in certain relationship to the flame. The main functions of
the canopy globe fundamentally differ from the functions hitherto performed
by globes, as it allows no current to pass through it being closed at the top,
moreover it is fixed in such a position in relation to the flame that practically
the whole of the flame is uncovered, excepting at the top, instead of being
covered as in existing globes; and the light thrown downwards is materially
increased:
By having no outlet or outlets at the top of the canopy globe, and by fixing
the same in a suitable position in relation to the flame, described below, the
concentrated current of heated air, products of combustion, smoke, and other
dirt particles, which pass rapidly through ordinary globes to the ceilings, are
obstructed and diffused quietly into the surrounding atmosphere and the upward
velocity is considerably reduced, and the great discolourment of the ceilings,
hitherto unavoidable is prevented.
By having the flame uncovered, excepting at the top, an unobstructed course

page_text: is given for the light from the flame to pass to the middle and lower spaces it is
intended to illuminate.
By the use of the canopy globe, which may be made white inside, (by preference)
to reflect the upper light, a material portion of the upper light can be reflected
downwards.
Another advantage derived from the use of the canopy globe, and from the
position in which it is fixed in relation to the flame, is that a material quantity
of the heat reflected therefrom is communicated to the flame at the same time
that, owing to the diminution of the upward.-velocity_of_the draught, less heat
is abstracted from the flame. The complete combustion of the carbon is thereby
facilitated and the flame is made more brilliant, and less smoky and conse-
quently gives a better and pleasanter light, and has less effect in discolouring
the ceilings.
The best position in which to fix the canopy globe in relation to the flame
is such that a line drawn across the bottom of the canopy globe cuts through
the top of the flame.
The canopy globe may rest upon holders, or be suspended by a support fixed
to the gaselier or bracket.
The canopy globe may be made of various kinds of glass. The interior is
white (by preference) to reflect the upper light, and unlike ordinary globes,
they are capable of being decorated outside to any extent without materially
intercepting the light.
In further describing my invention, reference is made to the accompanying
sheet of drawings in which Fig. 1 represents a view of a portion of a chande-
lier with my improved arrangement added thereto, in which the canopy globe is
suspended from the top, and
Fig. 2 is a view shewing another method of supporting the globe.
The canopy globe A. which is of a special form being entirely closed at the
top, may be formed with an eye B. for engaging with the hook or the like C.
forming part of the support D. which is secured to the burner E. in any con-
venient manner or may be attached to or form part of the gaselier or bracket F.
The globe A. may if desired rest upon an ordinary carrier G. mounted in any
convenient manner to the gaselier or bracket, as for example such as shewn
by Fig. 2. In either case of support the canopy globe A. is fixed in such a
position in relation to the flame H. that the bottom of the globe A. is about level
or in a line with the top of the said flame.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:
The combination of gas bracket and canopy globe of the kind indicated and
means for holding the globe in relation to the flame, in the position indicated,
substantially as described.
Trated this 20th day of September 1897.