IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES OR MACHINERY FOR FORCING, BLOWING, OR EXHAUSTING AIR AND OTHER GASEOUS FLUIDS
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James George Beckton, of Whitby, in the County
of York, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES
OR MACHINERY FOR FORCING, BLOWING, OR EXHAUSTING AIR AND OTHER
GASEOUS FLUIDS."
Sealed the 30th August 1864, and dated the 31st March 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James George Beckton
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
31st March 1864.
I, JAMES GEORGE BECKTON, of Whitby, in the County of York, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for .* IMPROVE
MENTS IN ENGINES OR MACHINERY FOR FORCING, BLOWING, OR EXHAUSTING AIR
AND OTHER GASEOUS FLUIDS," to be as follows:-
For the purposes referred to I make use of a driving and of a forcing,
blowing, or exhausting cylinder, placed with their axes in the same line, and
fitted with suitable pistons, both attached to the same rod (so that the motion
of the driving piston is conveyed direct to the piston of the forcing, blowing,
or exausting cylinder), and to the piston of the forcing, blowing, or exhausting
cylinder I joint a connecting rod which gives motion by means of a crank to
a fly wheel shaft, carrying one or more fly wheels for the purpose of equalising
the motion of the machine. The connecting rod described passes through a
vibrating air-tight gland situated in or attached to a slide working against

page_text: a suitable face formed upon or attached to the cylinder cover, so that as the
reciprocating action of the piston causes the crank to revolve, the consequent
oscillation of the connecting rod gives motion to the slide so as to open and
close the ports leading respectively to the blast, main, or other pipe or flue,
into or from which air or gas is required to be forced or exhausted, and to
the atmosphere as required. The movement of a corresponding slide for
opening and closing the corresponding ports at the opposite end of the cylinder
is effected by means of a rocking lever or levers connected with and moved
by the slide previously mentioned.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James George. Beckton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 24th September 1864.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
GEORGE BECKTON, of Whitby, in the County of York, Civil Engineer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirty-first day of March, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-seventh year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said James George Beckton, Her special licence that I, the said
James George Beckton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said James George Beckton, my executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ENGINES OR MACHINERY FOR FORCING, BLOWING, OR
EXHAUSTING AIR, AND OTHER GASEOUS FLUIDS," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said James George Beckton, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James George Beckton, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be

page_text: .
paromeu o bo paraயேகர் எலக ப க ச
statement :-
For the purposes referred to, I make use of a driving, and of a forcing,
blowing, or exhausting cylinder, placed with their axes in the same line, and
fitted with suitable pistons, both attached to the same rod (so that the motion
of the driving piston is conveyed direct to the piston of the forcing, blowing,
or exhausting cylinder), and to the piston of the forcing, blowing, or exhausting
cylinder I joint a connecting rod which gives motion by means of a crank to a
fly wheel shaft carrying one or more fly wheels for the purpose of equalizing
the motion of the machine. The connecting rod described passes through a
vibrating air-tight gland, situated in or attached to a slide working against a
suitable face formed upon or attached to the cylinder cover, so that as the
reciprocating action of the piston causes the crank to revolve, the consequent
oscillation of the connecting rod gives motion to the slide so as to open and
close the ports leading respectively to the blast, main, or other pipe or flue,
into or from which air or gas is required to be forced or exhausted, and to
the atmosphere as required. The movement of a corresponding slide for
opening and closing the corresponding ports at the opposite end of the
cylinder is effected by means of a rocking lever or levers connected with and
moved by the slide previously mentioned..
'
The manner in which my said Invention may be conveniently carried into
effect is fully represented in and described with reference to the accompanying
Sheets of Drawings, in which Fig. 1 (Sheet 1) represents a vertical section
of a blowing or forcing engine or apparatus constructed according thereto.
Fig. 2 (Sheet 2) a vertical section taken at right angles to the foregoing;
Fig. 3 (Sheet 3) a horizontal section through the lines A, B, of Figs. 1
and 2, shewing the top cover of the blowing or forcing cylinder in plan
beneath, and Fig. 4 (Sheet 3) a sectional plan shewing the crank shaft and
lower part of the framing of the engine or apparatus. The apparatus consists
of two cylinders placed in this case vertically one above the other, and having
their axes in the same right line. The upper and smaller cylinder a is an
ordinary steam cylinder, having passages for conducting the steam to and
from the opposite sides of the piston b, and a valve a¹ for regulating its.
admission and emission in the usual manner. The piston rod c (which works
through a steam-tight stuffing box in the lower cover of the steam cylinder),
is common both to the steam piston b, and to the piston d of the blowing
cylinder e, the latter of which is securely attached to its lower end by means
of a slightly conical bush d', and countersunk nut d as shewn. The
connecting rod f whereby motion is communicated from the piston d to the

page_text: crank shaft 9 'is jointed to the former by means of a pin f supported in
bearings formed in brasses fitted into slots formed at opposite sides of the
bush d¹, and held down by blocks f³ adjustable by set screws f* to follow up
the wear of the blocks; 91, 9, are openings formed in the top cover of the
blowing cylinder e for the purpose of admitting the air or gas required to be
blown or forced, and h, h', are like openings for allowing such air or gas at
'the return stroke of the piston d to escape into the pipe i, and thence into
the blast main . The opening and closing of these ports or openings at the
proper times are effected by a slide actuated as hereafter explained:
Corresponding openings g³, g*, and h³, h³, in the bottom cover (of the cylinder e)
fitted with a slide jserve in like manner for the entrance of air to, and its
exit from beneath the piston d, whence it passes by a pipe & into the blast
main. Throttle valves and are provided for the purpose of regulating the
size of the openings into the blast main . The opening and closing of the
inlet and exit openings at the bottom of the blowing cylinder are effected by
means of a slide j, to which motion is imparted from the connecting rod f, by
means of the vibrating gland attached to the slide, and fitting air-tight upon
the rectangular part of the rod which passes freely through it, and by its
oscillations gives motion to the slide as required. In order that the gland k
may freely adjust itself to the various angles assumed by the connecting rod,
it is fitted into a block ¹ formed with two arms or gudgeons, which are
supported in bearings formed with or attached to the slide j. From the
slide j, moved as described, motion is imparted to the slide by means of a
เ
link m, jointed at one end to the slide j, and at the other end to the lever n,
having its fulcrum at n', and jointed at its upper end to one end of a link m²,
the other end of which is jointed to the slide l. The crank shaft g is sup-
ported in bearings o, and has keyed upon it the eccentric p, from which
motion is communicated by the connecting link p¹ and rod p³ to the valve a'
of the steau cylinder. Fly wheels 9 and q¹ are keyed upon the crank shaft
for the purpose of equalizing the motion of the apparatus.
k
The action of the apparatus is as follows:-When the throttle valves 13
and have been sufficiently opened for the passage of the air required to be
forced into the blast main, steam is admitted to the cylinder a, the piston of
which in the positions of the parts as shewn will then move downward
carrying with it the piston d, and drawing air through the openings g¹, 9³,
into the space at the upper side of the piston d, the air from beneath it being
at the same time forced out through the openings h³, h³, and pipe into the
blast main. On the arrival of the pistons at the end of their stroke, tho
change of position of the connecting rod of will have moved the slides / and j

page_text: so as to close the openings g³, g³, forming a communication between the space
at the upper side of the piston d and the atmosphere, and to open those
(h, h',) forming a communication between that space and the pipe i leading
to the blast main, while the inlet openings 9³, 9ª, having been uncovered, and
the exit openings h³, h³, at the same time closed, the effect will be that on
the pistons commencing their upward stroke air will be drawn in beneath the
pistou d, while the air from its upper side will be expelled through the
openings or ports h, h³, and pipe i into the blast main. It is obvious that
the foregoing engine or apparatus, slightly modified, may be made use of for
exhausting as well as for forcing air or gas as described, as also that in some
cases it may be found more convenient or desirable to place the two cylinders
horizontally instead of vertically as described, and that such change of position
may be made without departing from the general distinguishing features of
my Iuvention, with reference to which and without limiting myself to the
precise details represented, I claim, the general arrangement, combination,
and construction of parts constituting a forcing, blowing, or exhausting engine
or apparatus substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James George Beckton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-second day of September, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four.