Year: 1885

page_text: I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm. Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this Invention a communication to me
from abroad by Mrs Helen Mar Horsford, of Chatham, in the County of Kent,
Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to Ploughs constructed in such a manner that one, or
more, ploughshares can be used, and which can readily be adjusted, and controlled.
The frame of the machine is rectangular in form, and may be of any desired length
or breadth. The plough beams are each formed of two parallel bars, secured at
their forward, and rear parts to distance pieces, which are slotted at their upper
ends to receive the front and rear end bars of the frame, and are secured to the
said end bars, so that the plough beams can be adjusted laterally, as may be
desired. One, two, or more, beams can be used, according as it may be required
to use one, two, or more ploughshares.
The standards to which the ploughshares are attached pass up into the slots of,
and are secured to, the beams. To the plough beams in front of the plough
standards are secured socketted blocks, to receive the shanks of the colters, which
are secured by wedges, or other suitable means. The forward ends of the plough
beams are bent downward, and have a number of holes through them, so that the
point of draft attachment can be arranged higher, or lower, as may be required.
In case more than one plough-beam be used, their forward ends are connected
by a draw-bar, secured at one end by lugs, and a bolt, and at the other end by.an.
eye bar, and bolts, so that the bar attachments can be adjusted as the desired
distance apart of the plough-beams may require; this draw-bar having a number
of holes in it, so that the point of draft attachment can be readily adjusted in line
with the centre of resistance, to prevent side draft, and thus ensure the machine
being drawn forward squarely. Upon the rear part of the near side bar of the
frame, and the forward part of the offside bar of the said frame, are formed, or
attached uprights, in the outer faces of which are formed vertical T, or undercut
grooves, in which are placed slide blocks. The one slide block carries the axle of

page_text: the large wheel, which travels upon the unploughed land. Upon the forward edge
of the same slide block are formed gear-teeth, into which mesh the teeth of a
segment placed in a slot in the upright, and attached to the end of a cross-shaft
that rocks in bearings on the side bars of the frame, and is provided with a hand
lever, which is furnished with a spring locking bolt, to engage with a toothed
quadrant fixed on the near side bar of the frame. The other slide block has, at
the upper and lower ends, ears to receive an upright shaft. To the lower end of
this shaft is hinged the axle of the small side furrow wheel. To the axle is
rigidly attached the lower end of an upright arm, whose upper end crosses a
slotted quadrant fixed to the upper end of the upright shaft, and serving as a
collar to prevent the said shaft from dropping out of its bearings. The slotted
quadrant receives a screw-bolt, whereby to hold the upright arm in any position
into which it may be adjusted. By this means, any desired side pitch can be
given to the wheel, so that it will hold the machine against the side draft. When
the upright is operated, the side furrow wheel will be raised, or lowered, to cause
the ploughs to cut a deeper, or shallower furrow, or to adjust the machine to travel
from place to place. The slide block which carries this wheel axle, also has teeth
on its rear edge, with which gears a toothed segment which is in one with another
toothed segment of greater radius, which gears with a segment to which is fixed a
hand-lever, which is pivoted to the rock shaft, so that by operating the hand lever,
the slide block, and with it the forward side wheel, will be raised or lowered.
This hand-lever is also provided with a spring locking bolt, which engages with
a toothed segment keyed on the off end of the rock shaft. By operating the first-
mentioned hand-lever, both the side wheels will be raised, or lowered, to adjust the
ploughs to work deeper, or shallower, in the ground, or to raise them above the
ground. Also, when the said lever is operated, the near side of the machine will
move faster than the off side, the effect of which is to incline the ploughshare
points upward, when the ploughs are raised, and thus cause them to run out of the
ground, and to incline the points downward, when the ploughs are lowered, and
thus cause them to enter the ground readily.
Upon the rear end of one of the plough beams is a bracket, having a tubular
socket, to receive the fork in which is pivoted the rear wheel of the machine. The
stem of this fork has a circumferential rack upon it, with which gears a toothed
segment attached to a lever, pivoted to the socket, through which the rack-stem is
free to slide, whereby the said stem can be raised, and lowered, to regulate the pitch
of the ploughs, its position, when adjusted, being fixed by a key. The stem of the
wheel fork is provided with a pair of horizontal arms, one at the upper, and one at
the lower, end; whose free ends are connected by a vertical rod, which, as the stem
is adjusted higher, or lower, is free to slide through the eye of a connecting rod,
whose other end is jointed to one arm of an elbow-lever, pivoted to a support
attached to the front cross bar of the frame; arms connected by said connecting rod
being oppositely directed The forward end of the other arm of this lever is
provided with lugs, to receive the binging bolt of the pole, so that no down draft
from the machine, can come upon the horses' necks. This arm of the elbow lever
is connected by a rod with a forwardly projecting arm attached to the tilting lever
of the side-furrow wheel. With this construction, as the pole is inclined toward
one, or the other side, the side, and rear, furrow wheels will be turned in opposite
directions, so that the machine can be turned easily, and in a small space.

page_text: I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of the firm of A. M. and Wm., Clark, of
53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Fellow of the Institute of Patent
Agents, do hereby declare. the, nature of this, Invention (a communication to me
from abroad by Mrs Helen Mar Horsford, of. Chatham in the County of Kent,
Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada), and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This Invention relates to improvements in Ploughs,
The object of this Invention is to provide sulky ploughs constructed in such a
manner that one or more ploughs. can be used and which can readily be.adjusted
and controlled.
The Invention consists in the construction and combination of various parts
of the sulky plough as will be hereinafter fully described and then claimed.
Reference is to be, had to the accompanying drawings forming part of this
Specification; in which similar letters of reference. indicate. corresponding parts in
all the Figures.
Figure 1 is a plan view of one of the improved sulky ploughs. Figure 2. is a
side elevation of the same. Figure 3 is a rear elevation of the side-furrow wheel
and its connections and showing a part of the frame.
A represents the frame of the machine which is rectangular in form and may be
of any desired length or breadth, B are the plough beams each of which is formed
of two parallel bars secured at their forward and rear parts to coupling blocks C.
The coupling blocks C are slotted from their upper ends to receive the front and
rear end bars of the frame A and are secured to the said end bars by yokes D and
bolts E so that by loosening the said bolts the plough beams B can be adjusted
laterally as may be desired. One, two, or more, beams B can be used according as
it may be required to use one, two, or more, ploughs. F are the ploughs the
standards G of which pass up into the slots of the beams B and are secured to
the said beams by bolts, rivets, or other suitable means. To the plough beams B
in front of the plough standards G. are secured blocks H which have sockets formed
through them to receive the shanks of the coulters I. The shanks of the coulters: I
are secured in the socket blocks H by wedges J or other suitable means. The
forward ends of the plough beams B are inclined downward as shown in Figure 2
and have a number of holes through them so that the point of draft attachment
can be arranged higher or lower as may be required. In case more than one plough-
beam be used the forward ends of the said plough beams are connected by a bar K
secured at one end by lugs and a bolt and at the other end by an eye bar and bolts
so that the bar attachments can be adjusted as the desired distance apart of the
plough-beams may require. The draw bar K has a number of holes in it.as shown
in Figure 1 so that the point of draft attachment can be readily adjusted in line
with the centre of resistance to prevent side draft and thus ensure the machine
being drawn forward squarely. Upon the rear part of the near side bar of the
frame A and the forward part of the off side bar of the said frame are formed, or
to them are rigidly attached uprights LM in the outer sides of which are formed
vertical T-grooves in which are placed slides N. O. To the slide N is rigidly
attached, or upon it is formed the axle P of the large wheel which travels.upon

page_text: "
the unploughed land. Upon the forward edge of the slide N are formed gear teeth
into which mesh the teeth of the segment R of a gear wheel placed in a slot in the
forward edge of the upright L and attached to the end of a shaft S. The shaft S
rocks in bearings attached to the side bars of the frame A and to it is rigidly
attached the end of a lever T which is provided with a spring lever pawl U to
engage with the teeth formed upon the convex edge of the arched bar V secured
at its ends to the near side bar of the frame A and thus hold the said lever securely
in any position into which it may be adjusted. To the upper and lower ends of
the outer side of the forward slide O are attached, or upon them are formed lugs W
which are perforated to receive the upright shaft X. To the lower end of the
shaft X is hinged the axle Y of the small side furrow wheel Z. To the inner part
of the axle Y is rigidly attached the lower end of the lever a, the upper end of
which crosses the curved arm b rigidly attached at its inner end to the upper end
of the upright shaft X and serving as a collar to prevent the said shaft from
dropping out of the lugs W. In the arm b is formed a curved slot c (figure 3) to
receive a screw or bolt d which passes through it and screws into the lever a so as
to hold the said lever securely in any position into which it may be adjusted.
With this construction, by loosening the screw d the lever a can be adjusted to
give any desired side-pitch to the wheel Z so that the said wheel will hold the
machine against side draft. To a support formed upon, or attached to the frame A
is pivoted an unequal armed levere the ends of which are widened and provided
with gear teeth forming segments of gear wheels. The gear teeth of the short
forward arm of the gear lever e pass through a slot in the rear edge of the
upright M and mesh into gear teeth formed in the rear edge of the slide O. The
gear teeth of the long rear arm of the gear lever e mesh into gear teeth formed on
the lower part of the lever f which is pivoted to the shaft S so that by operating
the lever f the gear lever e will be operated to raise or lower the slide O and with
it the forward side wheel Z. The lever is provided with a lever spring pawl g
which engages with the toothed edge of the catch plate g' rigidly attached to the
off end of the shaft S. With this construction by operating the lever T both the
side wheels QZ will be raised or lowered to adjust the ploughs to work deeper or
shallower in the ground or to raise them above the ground. With this construction
also when the lever T is operated the near side of the machine will move faster
than the off side, the effect of which is to incline the plough points upward when
the ploughs are raised and thus cause the said ploughs to run out of the ground
and to incline the plough points downward when the ploughs are lowered and thus
cause the said ploughs to enter the ground readily. When the lever a is operated
the side furrow wheel Z. will be raised or lowered to cause the ploughs to cut
a deeper or shallower furrow or to adjust the machine to travel from place
to place.
Upon the rear end of one of the plough-beams B is formed, or to it is attached
a bracket h having a tubular socket at its rear end to receive the standard i the
rear end of which is forked and to it is pivoted the small furrow wheel j that carries
the rear end of the machine To lugs k formed upon the rear side of the socket
bracket his pivoted a lever / having a gear segment formed upon, or attached to
its forward end which enters a slot in the rear side of the socket bracket h and
engages with annular corrugations upon the standard i so that the said standard
can be raised and lowered to regulate the pitch of the ploughs. The standard i
when adjusted is locked in place by a key m inserted in a slot in the socket
bracket h, and which engages with the corrugations of the said standard. To a
support attached to the front cross bar of the frame A is pivoted the rear end of
the plate n the forward end of which is provided with upwardly projecting lugs o
to receive the hinging bolt of the pole so that no down draft from the machine can
come upon the horses necks. To the tilting lever a of the side furrow wheel Z is
rigidly attached the rear end of the forwardly projecting arm p to the forward end
of which is pivoted the outer end of a connecting rod q. The inner end of the
connecting rod q.is. passed through a lug attached to the lower side of the forward

page_text: rod v.
part of the tongue plate n and is secured in place by nuts a screwed upon it upon
the opposite sides of the said lug Upon the rear end of the tongue plate n is
formed or to it is rigidly attached an arm t projecting in the opposite direction
from the connecting rod q and to the outer end of which is pivoted the forward end
of the connecting rod u the rear end of which is perforated to receive the vertical
The vertical rod v is attached at its ends to the outer ends of the arms w
the inner ends of which are rigidly attached to the upper and lower parts of the
standard i so that the said vertical rod will slide through the perforation in the rear
end of the connecting rod u as the standard i is moved up and down. With this
construction as the pole is inclined toward one or the other side the furrow
wheels Zj will be turned in opposite directions, as illustrated in Figure 1. so that
the machine can be turned easily and in a small space.
Having now particularly ascertained and described the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is ;-
1. In a sulky plough the combination with the end bars of the frame A and the
plough beams B of the coupling blocks C the yokes D and the bolts E substan-
tially as herein shown and described whereby the said plough beams are firmly
secured to the said frame and can be readily adjusted as set forth.
2. In a sulky plough the combination with the shaft S journaled to the frame A
and the sliding bar O carrying the axle Y of the side furrow wheel Z and provided
with gear teeth on its rear edge, of the unequal armed lever e having gear teeth on
its ends and the lever f having gear segment substantially as herein shown and
described, whereby the said furrow wheel can be readily raised and lowered to
adjust the machine to cut a deeper or shallower furrow as set forth.
3. In a sulky plough, the combination with the sliding bars N. O carrying the
axles P. Y of the side wheels QZ of the shaft S the gear segment R and the
lever T and the unequal armed levere having gear teeth on its ends the lever f
having gear teeth and the spring lever pawl g connected with the said lever and
engaging with the catch plate h attached to the shaft S, substantially as herein
shown and described, whereby both the side wheels can be raised and lowered at
the same time as set forth.
4. In a sulky plough, the combination with the rear end of the frame A and the
plough beams B of the socket bracket h, the standard i carrying the rear wheel j
and provided with annular corrugations and the gear lever substantially as herein
shown and described whereby the rear end of the machine can be readily raised or
lowered as set forth.
5. In a sulky plough, the combination with the sliding bar O having lugs W and
the side furrow wheel Z of the vertical rod X the hinged axle Y the rigid lever a
attached to the said hinged axle, the slotted arm b attached to the said rod and the
bolt d substantially as herein shown and described whereby the said furrow wheel
can be tilted laterally to hold the machine against side draft as set forth.
6. In a sulky plough the combination with the rear furrow wheel j, the side
furrow wheel Z and the tilting lever a of the forwardly projecting arm p attached
to the said lever, the connecting rod q, the tongue plate n provided with the arm t
the connecting rod u and the arms w attached to the upper end of the standard i
of the wheel j substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.