Improvements in or relating to Tuyeres.
Year: 1890

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Tuyeres.
A communication from GEORGE SCHWEICKHART, of the City and County of
Milwaukee, State of Wisconsin, United States of America, Gentleman,
.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
M.I.M.E., do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
The main objects of this invention are to spread the air blast at the point of
discharge, to allow the gases which enter the tuyere from the forge to escape
and to prevent the same from passing into the bellows, to prevent the escape
of air through the shell or jacket of the tuyere and to produce and maintain a
strong, steady and uniform air blast and so direct the same as it enters the forge as to
produce and maintain the most advantageous flame or combustion.
.It consists essentially of certain peculiarities of construction and arrangement
hereinafter particularly described.
In the accompanying drawing like letters designate the same and similar parts in the
several figures. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the improved tuyere ; fig. 2 is a
vertical, medial section of the same; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the discharging
end of the tuyere and of the cap detached therefrom; Fig. 4 is a cross section on the
line xx, Fig. 2, looking upwardly; Fig. 5 is a cross section on the line y y, Fig. 2,
also looking upwardly; Fig. 6 is a vertical, medial section of a modified form of the
cap; figs. 7 to 13 inclusive illustrate a modification of the tuyere; fig. 7 being a side
elevation, fig. 8 a vertical, medial section on the line 8 8, Fig. 11; fig. 9 an end
elevation of the horizontal portion of the tuyere; fig. 10 a vertical cross section on the
line 10, 10, Fig. 8; fig. 11 a horizontal section on the line 11, 11, Fig. 8; Fig. 12 a
vertical medial section of the cap; and fig. 13 a view of the lower end of the nozzle
pipe with gate.
Referring to figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, A is a tapering, horizontal blast pipe, communi-
cating at its smaller end with a vertical pipe B, the upper end of which constitutes
the nozzle. This blast pipe and nozzle are preferably cast integrally, as shown in the
drawing. The nozzle pipe B extends below its junction with the blast pipe A, and is
open at its lower end, which is provided with a gate b. At its upper discharging end
the nozzle B is slightly contracted and is formed with outwardly projecting lugs b¹ 61
and a little below them with segmental flanges 262, which afford means for the
support and attachment of the cap. The downwardly projecting extension of the
nozzle B, with its gate b, afford means for removing any cinders, dirt, etc., which
may drop into the nozzle from the forge, and any metal which fuses at a lower
temperature than the iron to be heated will melt and run into the tuyere and be
caught and held in the lower end of said pipe B, whence it may be removed by
opening the gate b.
The upper portion of the nozzle pipe B is surrounded by a shell or jacket D, which
is made in sections fastened together around said nozzle by means of bolts, rivets or
screws d d passing through perforated ears d¹ d' formed on said sections. This shell
or jacket is held concentrically around the nozzle B by means of the flanges ² ² near
the upper end of the nozzle and by means of inwardly projecting lugs d² d² at the
lower end of said jacket as shown in figs. 2 and 4, and it is supported in place by
means of the pipe A, which passes through it.
C is a hemispherical or rounded chambered cap, formed with an inwardly projecting
flange c, having notches c c on opposite sides thereof, through which the lugs bb
pass in placing the cap in position. The flange c is formed on the upper side between
said notches with inclines, which engage with said lugs 6' on the upper end of the
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page_text: nozzle and force the cap, when it is turned in the proper direction, snugly down
against the flanges 262, as shown in fig. 2. When the cap C is secured in place, the
notches c'e' will come over the flanges 6262 and the air blast will thus be prevented
from escaping through said notches between the jacket D) and nozzle B. A small
space, however, is left between the inner edges of the flange o and the nozzle through
which gases entering the cap from the forge can escape into the jacket D and out
through the openings at its lower end, as-shown by the arrows in fig. 2. The
discharging end of the nozzle projects into the chamber in the cap C above the
flange cc, but does not at any point come in contact with the top of said chamber.
This arrangement tends to prevent the deflection of any part of the air blast through
the passages designed for the escape of gas and at the same time affords a direct exit
for the gases outside of and around the nozzle.
The cap C is made of greater diameter than the jacket D and projects over its upper
edge, covering the joint between it and the masonry of the forge. The chamber in
the cap communicates with the forge through a radially slotted opening or aperture o³
in the top of the cap.
This form of opening as well as the peculiar shape of the cap
spreads and diffuses the blast as it enters the forge and produces a large, hot and
uniform fire, and complete combustion, thereby increasing the efficiency of the
forge and saving fuel. It also tends to conduct the gases entering the cap into
the outer edges of the chamber therein outside of the nozzle B, whence they escape
through the jacket D as previously explained, and are thus prevented from entering
the nozzle and blast pipe. The rounded top surface of the cap forming sharp edges
around the aperture c² tends to carry the ashes and dust falling thereon away from
said aperture, thereby preventing the same from falling into the tuyere.
In place of the cap Chaving the radially slotted opening shown in figs. 1 and 2, I
may employ a cap C₁ provided with a number of perforations e³cs, which diverge from
each other and are contracted towards their discharging ends, as shown; I prefer,
however, the form of opening previously described.
Referring to figs. 7 to 13 inclusive, the horizontal blast pipe A is made of uniform
diameter and is surrounded by an extension of the jacket D; the cap C has a single
central aperture c³ counter-sunk at the top and has its upper face bevelled or inclined
downwardly from said aperture to its periphery. It is of the same diameter as the
vertical part of the jacket D on top of which it sits when in position, and is formed
inside around the aperture c³ with an annular flange d³ which fits upon the top of the
nozzle B, said flange or the edge of the nozzle being notched to allow the gases from
the forge to pass into the chamber in the cap and thence into the jacket D. The
nozzle B does not have flanges such as are shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 5 for the cap to
rest upon and for holding the jacket D concentrically around it.
In other respects the tuyere is like or similar to that herein before described and
shown in figs. 1 to 6 inclusive.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed,. as. communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is.:-
-
1. The combination of outer shell, cap, and blast pipe baving hollow leg provided
with a damper, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
2. In a tuyere the combination of the nozzle, blast pipe and a chambered cap having
a radially slotted aperture, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3. In a tuyere, the combination with the nozzle and blast pipe of a chambered
hemispherical cap having a spreading aperture, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
4. In a tuyere, the combination with the blast pipe and nozzle having outwardly
projecting lugs at its discharging end and flanges a little below said lugs, of a
removable chambered cap having an inwardly projecting flange with notches therein
adapted, to pass over said lugs and when turned to rest upon and be closed by the
flanges on the nozzle, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

page_text: 5. In a tuyere, the combination with a blast pipe and a vertical nozzle pipe com™
municating therewith, of a vertical jacket surrounding the nozzle pipe and open at its
lower end, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
6. In a tuyere, the combination with a blast pipe and a vertical nozzle pipe com-
municating therewith at one side, and provided at its upper end with outwardly
projecting flanges a little below said lugs, of a removable cap having an inwardly
projecting flange at its base with notches therein arranged to pass over said lugs and
when the cap is turned to rest upon and be closed by the flanges on the nozzle, and a
vertical jacket enclosing said nozzle pipe and having openings at its upper and lower
ends, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
7. In a tuyere, the combination with a blast pipe and a vertical nozzle pipe com-
municating laterally therewith, open at its lower end, which is provided with a gate,
and provided at its upper end with outwardly projecting lugs and a little below said
lugs with outwardly projecting flanges, of a removable chambered cap having a
rounded upper surface a radially slotted aperture, and an inwardly projecting flange
at its base with notches therein which pass over said lugs and rest upon and are closed
by the flanges on said nozzle pipe when the cap is turned, the upper side of said
inwardly projecting flange being formed with inclines which engage the lugs on the
nozzle and draw the cap snugly down against the flanges thereon, and a vertical jacket
surrounding said nozzle pipe, communicating at the upper end through the space
between the nozzle and the edges of the flange on the cap with the chamber therein
and open at the lower end, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
Dated this 28th day of January 1890
W. P. THOMPSON & BOULT,
Agents for the Applicant.