Improvements in Matches.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements in Matches.
I, SIGMUND ADOLF ROSENTHAL, of No. 37, Walbrook, in the City of London,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
My invention relates to improvements in matches and particularly to the
paste used for the heads. Such matches can be ignited by simple friction on
any surface.
I absolutely dispense with the use of phosphorus whether it be
yellow phosphorus or amorphous phosphorus, or indeed with any phosphorus
compound in the mixture for forming the heads of my matches.
The use of the poisonous yellow phosphorus in the industry of match making
is well known as being dangerous to the health of the workers and the use
of the red amorphous phosphorus in the manufacture of matches capable of
being struck anywhere has also serious drawbacks on account of its treacherous
character when in contact with the oxidizing agent such as chlorate of potash.
and
or
Now according to my invention all danger insecurity in the manufacture
is or are removed and further the actual cost of manufacture is very sensibly
cheaper than that of matches heretofore made having phosphorus as a base.
My invention further permits of the production of an excellent, paste having
all the advantages of a paste containing phosphorus and it consists in com-
lead with the
bining the thiosulphates or the hyposulphites of copper
suipho-cyanides of
and
lead in suitable proportions
or
and
or
aud
or
and
or
By preference however I use the thiosulphate of copper with the sulpho
cyanide of copper and to this mixture I add an inert material such as powdered
peroxide of iron. I may
glass and a small quantity of sulphate of calcium
also in some cases add a small quantity of sulphur sulphide of antimony.
I prepare an intimate mixture of all these substances and add a suitable bind-
ing material such as for instance a sufficient quantity of glue dissolved in
water. To this mixture is then added the oxidizing agent, such as chlorate of
potash, in such a proportion as the complete oxidation of the mixture requires.
The mixture is then caused to pass several times through a mixing and grinding
machine or is otherwise treated so as to render the mixture as uniform as
possible and to make the paste perfectly homogeneous.
The paste having been brought to a suitable consistency is then ready for
трио-
or
or
aud
or
By preference however I use the thiosulphate of copper with the sulpho
cyanide of copper and to this mixture I add an inert material such as powdered
and peroxide of iron. I may
glass and a small quantity of sulphate of calcium
also in some cases add a small quantity of sulphur sulphide of antimony.
I prepare an intimate mixture of all these substances and add a suitable bind-
ing material such as for instance a sufficient quantity of glue dissolved in
water. To this mixture is then added the oxidizing agent, such as chlorate of
potash, in such a proportion as the complete oxidation of the mixture requires.
The mixture is then caused to pass several times through a mixing and grinding
machine or is otherwise treated so as to render the mixture as uniform as
possible and to make the paste perfectly homogeneous.
The paste having been brought to a suitable consistency is then ready for

page_text: the matches or splints to be dipped therein, and preferably these latter have
been previously paraffined, sulphurized or stearined.
and
or
By the combination of the thiosulphates of copper lead with the sulpho-
cyanides of the same metal or metals in the preparation of my paste for form-
ing match heads I obtain a very great advantage namely, that the ignition
point of the match is very much lower than if only the thiosulphates of copper
lead only was or were used. My experiments have shown that matches
made without the addition of the sulphocyanide of copper fead have a very
and
or
and
or
high ignition point and strike only on hard surfaces and if only the sulpho-
and
cyanide of lead copper be used, then the combustion on ignition is so rapid.
or
even when diluents are added, that no useful effect can be obtained, whilst
matches made according to my invention even strike on cloth with great facility.
Dated the 2nd day of August 1899.
SON,
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Matches.
I, SIGMUND ADOLF ROSENTHAL, of No. 37, Walbrook, in the City of London,
Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:.
any surface.
-
My invention relates to improvements in matches and particularly to the
paste used for the heads. Such matches can be ignited by simple friction on
I absolutely dispense with the use of phosphorus, whether it be
yellow phosphorus or amorphous phosphorus, or indeed with any phosphorus
compound in the mixture for forming the heads of my matches.
The use of the poisonous yellow phosphorus in the industry of matchmaking
is well known as being dangerous to the health of the workers, and the use
of the red amorphous phosphorus in the manufacture of matches capable of
being struck anywhere has also serious drawbacks on account of its treacherous
character when in contact with the oxidizing agent such as chlorate of potash.
and
or
Now according to my invention all danger insecurity in the manufacture
is or are removed, and further the actual cost of manufacture is very sensibly
cheaper than that of matches heretofore made having phosphorus as a base.
My invention further permits of the production of an excellent paste having
all the advantages of a paste containing phosphorus, and it consists in com-
bining the so-called thiosulphates or hyposulphites of copper.
copper
and
or
and
or
lead with
lead in suitable
the thiocyanates (or so-called sulphocyanides) of
proportions. By the term thiosulphate of copper for example I understand
the compound or compounds which is or are obtained by suitably mixing solu-
tions of soluble thiosulphates, such as the thiosulphate of sodium with soluble
salts of copper such as sulphate of copper.
By preference, however, I use the thiosulphate of copper with the thiocyanate

page_text: of copper, and to this mixture I add an inert
glass and a small quantity of sulphate of calcium
material such as powdered
peroxide of iron. I may
and
or
and
or
also in some cases add a small quantity of sulphur sulphide of antimony.
I prepare an intimate mixture of all these substances and add a suitable bind-
ing material such as, for instance, a sufficient quantity of glue dissolved in
water. To this mixture is then addled the oxidizing agent, such as chlorate of
potash, in such a proportion as the complete oxidation of the mixture requires.
The mixture is then caused to pass several times through a mixing and grinding
machine, or is otherwise treated so as to render the mixture as uniform as
possible and to make the paste perfectly homogeneous.
The paste having been brought to a suitable consistency is then ready for
the matches or splints to be dipped therein, and preferably these latter have
been previously paraffined, sulphurised or stearined.
and
or
and
or
By the combination of the thiosulphates of copper lead with the thio-
cyanates of the same metal or metals in the preparation of my paste for form-
ing match heads, I obtain a very great advantage, namely, that the ignition
point of the match is very much lower than if only the thiosulphates of copper
lead only was or were used. My experiments have shown that matches
and
made without the addition of the thiocyanate of copper
lead have a very
high ignition point and strike only on hard surfaces, and if only the thio-
cyanate of lead
copper be used then the combustion on ignition is so rapid
even when diluents are added that no useful effect can be obtained, whilst
matches made according to my invention even strike on cloth with great facility.
The following ingredients and proportions of ingredients are suitable:
and
. Or
Thiosulphate of copper
Thiocyanate of copper-
Chlorate of potash -
Powdered glass
or
pirts by weight
10
"
"
"
40
"
"
"
9
"
وو
"
I do not, however, limit myself either to these exact ingredients nor to these
proportions, as the same may be altered without departing from my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is;-
-
and
ог
1. In a composition or paste for forming the heads of matches the use of
thiosulphate of copper
lead, together with thiocyanate of copper lead
substantially as hereinbefore described.
and
or.
2. In a composition or paste for forming the heads of matches the use of thio-
sulphate of copper together with thiocyanate of copper substantially as herein-
before described.

page_text: 3. A composition or paste for forming the heads of matches consisting of thio-
sulphate of copper, thiocyanate of copper, chlorate of potash, powdered glass,
sulphide of antimony, sulphate of calcium, sulphur and glue solution in or about
in the proportions stated."
Datad this Second day of Nov 1900
JENSEN & SON.
77, Chancery Lane, London, W.C., Patent Agents.