CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP-COCKS, TAPS, OR VALVES TO BE EMPLOYED IN CONNECTION WITH HYDRAULIC PUMPS AND PRESSES
Year: 1864

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John
Dorning, both of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers,
for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP-COCKS, TAPS, OR
VALVES TO BE EMPLOYED IN CONNECTION WITH HYDRAULIC PUMPS AND
PRESSES."
Sealed the 21st February 1865, and dated the 24th August 1864.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse
and William John Dorning at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 24th August 1864.
We, EDWARD TAYLOR BELLHOUSE and WILLIAM JOHN DORNING, both of
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, Engineers, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP-COCKS,
TAPS, OR VALVES TO BE EMPLOYED IN. CONNECTION WITH HYDRAULIC PUMPS AND
PRESSES," to be as follows:-
The Invention relates to those stop-cocks or valves employed to admit or
let off the water from the cylinders of hydraulic presses, and is designed, first,
for the purpose of rendering the valve or spindle adjustable, so that it may be
tightened up against its seating without taking it out of the socket and
packing; secondly, the Invention is designed for the purpose of instan-
taneously preventing the return of the water as soon as the valve commences
closing, which is hitherto only effected by the valve being perfectly closed;
and, thirdly, it is designed to effect the partial closing of the stop-cock by

page_text: self-acting means upon the pressure of water increasing too greatly in the
feed pipe.
The improvements consist, first, in forming the valve plug or spindle sepa.
rately from the nut and screw by which it is moved, and connecting them
together by the intermediate attachment of adjustable "lock nuts," that is to
say, the spindle extends from the valve seating through the leather packing
and closing nut, (wherein it moves as in a stuffing box,) and beyond this it
is encircled by a tube having the usual screwed thread or worm formed on its
exterior surface, this thread or screw working in an independent stationary
nut outside the stop-cocks; the stopping and starting handles aro secured to
this tube or screw, which is connected to the spindle by "lock nuts" at each
end, so that the piston of the spindle may be altered without taking the stop-
cock to pieces, and no alteration is required in the segmental wheels used for
stopping and starting, as is the case when the thread or worm is formed
on the valve spindle, and the female thread is cut in the closing nut as
hitherto.
The second part of the Invention consists in the use and introduction of a
valve within the water passage of each stop-cock, so that upon the slightest
check being given to the water by the stopping handles the valve will closo
instantaneously and prevent the return of water more quickly than it can be
effected by the ordinary valve of the stop-cock.
The third part of the Invention consists in connecting a pressure valve on
the "feed pipe" by means of a lever, chain, and pulley or other mechanical
equivalent to the stopping handle of the stop-cock, so that in the event of an
attendant neglecting to close the stop-cock the excessive pressure in the feed
pipe will lift the pressure valve and so act upon the lever and chain as to
move the stopping handle and close the stop-cock more or less according to
the amount of excess of pressure.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning in the 30
Great Seal Patent Office on the 24th February 1865.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, EDWARD
TAYLOR BELLHOUSE and WILLIAM JOHN DORNING, buth of Manchester, in the
County of Lancaster, Engineers, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters 35
Patent, bearing date the Twenty-fourth day of August, in the year of our

page_text: Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, in the twenty-eighth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
us, the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning, Her special
license that we, the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
Edward Taylor Bellhouse and William John Dorning, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term thercin expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man,
an Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP-COCKS, TAPS, OR VALVES TO BE
EMPLOYED IN CONNECTION WITH HYDRAULIC PUMPS AND PRESSES," upon the con-
dition (amongst others) that we, the said Edward Taylor Bellhouse and
William John Dorning, our executors or administrators, by an instrument in
writing under our, or one of our, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the sanio
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next
and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William John Dorning, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say) :-
The Invention relates to those stop-cocks or valves employed to admit or
let off the water from the cylinders of hydraulic presses, and is designed, first,
for the purpose of rendering the valve or spindle adjustable, so that it may be
tightened up against its seating without taking it out of the socket and
packing; secondly, the Invention is designed for the purpose of instan-
taneously preventing the return of the water as soon as the valve commences
closing, which has hitherto only been effected by the valve being perfectly
closed; and, thirdly, it is designed to effect the partial closing of the stop-cock
by self-acting means upon the pressure of water increasing too greatly in the
feed pipe.
The improvements consist, first, in forming the valve, plug, or spindle sepe-
rately from the nut and screw by which it is moved, and connecting them
together by the intermediate attachment of adjustable "lock nuts," that is to
say, the spindle extends from the valve seating through the leather packing and
closing, (wherein it moves as in a stuffing box,) and beyond this it is encircled
by a tube having the usual screwed thread or worm formed on its exterior

page_text: surface, this thread or screw working in an independent stationary nut
outside the stop-cock; the stopping and starting handles are secured to this
tube or screw, which is connected to the spindle by "lock nuts" at each end,
so that the piston of the spindle may be altered without taking the stop-cock
to pieces, and no alteration is required in the segmental wheels used for
stopping and starting, as is the case when the thread or worm is formed on
the valve spindle, and the female thread is cut in the closing nut as hitherto.
The second part of the Invention consists in the use and introduction of a
valve within the water passage of each stop-cock, so that upon the slightest
check being given to the water by the stopping handles the valve will close
instantaneously and prevent the return of water more quickly than it can
be effected by the ordinary valve of the stop-cock.
The third part of the Invention consists in connecting a pressure valve on
the "feed pipo" by means of a lever, chain, and pulley or other mechanical
equivalent to the stopping handle of the stop-cock, so that in the event of an
attendant neglecting to close the stop-cock the excessive pressure in the feed
pipe will lift tho pressure valve, and so act upon the lever and chain as to
move the stopping handle and close the stop-cock more or less according to
tho amount of excess of pressure.
In order that the Invention may be better understood and explained in
detail I have hereunto attached a Sheet of Drawings made upon a scale of
about six inches to the foot, similar letters of reference being marked upon
corresponding parts in all the Figures.
Fig. 1 represents a sectional plan view shewing the general arrangement
of the mechanism for adjusting the valves; Fig. 2 represents a back section
of the apparatus showing the arrangement of valves in the water passage of
the stop-cocks for preventing the return of water; and Fig. 8 represents n sido
elevation of the apparatus, shewing the pressure valve of the feed pipe in
connection with the handle of the stop-cock.
In Fig. 1, a, a, are the valves, plugs, or spindles which admit water when
away from the seatings b, b, and prevent the passage thereof when closed on
the seatings. These spindles are formed separately from the nut and screw
c, c, by which they are actuated, but are connected with the tubes d, d, on
which the screws are cut by means of adjustable "lock nuts" e, e, which
screw on to the threads 1, 2, so that by loosening these nuts the valve spindle
may be tightened up against the seatings or new spindles substitutod without
taking the whole apparatus to pieces. The novel employment and use of the
valve in the water passage causes the closing of the passage and the
stoppage of the return water more quickly than the stop-cock valves and

page_text: handles can produce the effect. Within the feed pipe g a valve is placed
having a spindle g¹ projecting through the feed pipe; upon this valve spindle
the lever h presses, which is weighted up to the pressure at which the press
is required to work, so that when the pressure of the water exceeds any
required pressure the valve and spindle lifts the lever, which draws the chain
i and moves the stopping handle k, so as to close the stop-cock (supply) valves
more or less according to the excess of pressure.
Having now described the nature of the said Invention, together with the
method of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be distinctly
understood that I claim,-
First, rendering the spindles or plugs of hydraulic stop-cock valves adjust-
able without requiring the stop-cock being taken to pieces, by forming or
constructing the said plugs or spindles of stop-cock valves hollow and
separately from the nut and screw by which they are actuated, or by
equivalent means.
Secondly, I claim preventing the return of the water immediately the stop-
cock valves begin to close by the introduction of a valve in the water passage,
as shewn.
And, lastly, I claim regulating the pressure of the water on the hydraulic
press by partially closing the stop-cock supply valves by self-acting means,
when such pressure rises beyond the degree required, as herein-before
described, set forth, and fully illustrated in the Drawings attached.
In witness whereof, I, the said William John Dorning, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Twenty-third day of February, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five.
WILLIAM JOHN DORNING. (L.S.)
Witnessed by
JOHN L. DAVIES,
Patent Agent,
4, St. Ann's Sq., Manchester.