IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE VENTILATION OF BUILDINGS AND OTHER PLACES
Year: 1884

page_text: DIECIFICATION.
I CARL WENNER Mechanical Engineer of Zürich, Switzerland do hereby declare
the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE VENTILATION
OF BUILDINGS AND OTHER PLACES, to be as follows:-
•
My invention chiefly relates to a combined Ventilator and turbine, adapted to
produce at the same time two air currents in opposite directions one of which may
serve to supply fresh air, while the other draws out vitiated air from the space to
be ventilated. The Ventilator may, however be modified so as to produce only
one air current, or so as to be set in motion by a shaft and pulley instead of a
turbine.
The double Ventilator is preferably composed as follows:-A wheel or Ventilator
proper having an inner and an outer row of blades curved or inclined helically in
opposite directions; a ventilator-casing consisting of an inner and an outer
mantle which divide the casing into two concentive parts corresponding to the two
rings or rows of the Ventilator.
A turbine casing cast in one piece with the Ventilator casing and placed in the
centre or axis of the same, said turbine casing containing an outward flow turbine
adapted to set in motion the Ventilator proper.
The inlet pipe of the turbine is cast in one piece with the turbine casing, placed
radially under the same and projects from underneath the ventilator casing-It is
supplied with water at high pressure and delivers the same from below to the
curved guide blades or channels of the turbine. These guide-channels may also
support the vertical shaft or pivot of the combined ventilator and turbine-The
water discharged from the turbine is allowed to escape through a vertical pipe
attached to the bottom of the turbine casing.
Around the base of the turbine casing, and in the annular space which supplies
air to the inner ring of the ventilator proper, is secured a perforated pipe coil
communicating with a radial steam inlet pipe or with the water supply pipe so as
to produce a fine spray of steam or water when required.
A hollow cylindrical stand is placed axially underneath the ventilator and serves
as an air inlet; it is open at the side, and has a radial outlet for the water
discharged from the turbine.

page_text: The Ventilator is surmounted by a pair of concentive Tubes, equal in diameter
to the two mantles of the ventilator casing. Both pipes communicate with the
space to be ventilated, the inner pipe serving to supply fresh air to the same, while
the annular space between the inner and outer pipe serves to conduct the air drawn
out of the space to be ventilated by the sucking action of the outer ring of the
Ventilator.
In the case of Ventilators driven by a shaft and pulley, the Ventilator proper is
preferably keyed on a vertical shaft extending downward through the ventilator
casing and the centre of the cylindrical stand. The shaft is guided by suitable
bearings and carries at its lower end the driving pulley.
If the Ventilator is set in motion, the inner ring produces a current of air from
the hollow base towards the room to be ventilated, which current may be charged,
if desired, with moisture, with or without medicinal or aromatic substances, by
means of the perforated coil situated under the Ventilator. At the same time the
outer ring of the Ventilator sucks air from the room to be ventilated, which is
then discharged into the atmosphere at the lower circumference of the ventilator
casing.
If only one air current is required, the ventilator proper has only one row of
blades, instead of two.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION,
I, CHARLES WENNER, Mechanical Engineer, of Zürich, Switzerland, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR THE
VENTILATION OF BUILDINGS AND OTHER PLACES and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:―
My Invention relates to apparatus for the artificial ventilation of public buildings,
mines and other places, and has for its object to render such apparatus more
effective and compact, especially where water power is available. For this purpose
I form a ventilator of two or more concentric rings, connected with one another,
or cast in one piece, and constructed either so that both rings act as ventilators in
opposite directions, or so that one ring acts as a simple ventilator and the other as
a turbine or that two rings act as ventilators in opposite directions and a third
ring as a turbine for setting the ventilators in motion. The Ventilator may have a
vertical or a horizontal axis and may be provided with an appliance for moistening
the air.
In further describing this invention reference will be made to the accompanying
drawings, of which Fig 1a is a vertical section and Fig: 1b an elevation of a
turbine-ventilator producing an upward and a downward current of air-Fig: 10
is a plan of the front half of the ventilator and Fig: 1ª a partial horizontal section
of the turbine with water inlet on a larger scale.
Fig: 2 is a vertical section and Fig: 2b an elevation of a turbine ventilator
producing only an upward current of air.
Fig 3 is a vertical section and Fig: 3b an end view of a ventilator producing
two opposite currents of air and mounted on a horizontal shaft driven by a pulley
and belt.
Fig: 4 represents a moistening apparatus, on a larger scale.
The same or analogous parts are designated with the same letters.
:
In Fig 1 the Ventilator proper is formed by two concentric rings of helical
blades Sand S¹ inclined in opposite directions, as shewn by Fig 1b, and cast in one
piece with the carrier or wheel V mounted loosely on a vertical axle C¹, which is
imade in one piece or rigidly connected with the inner part C of an outward How
turbine. The turbine proper T has at the top a flange by which it is screwed to
the under side of the wheel V, as shewn in Fig 1ª.
A is the ventilator casing cast in one piece with the turbine casing B and
forming with the latter two concentric annular air passages or guides corresponding
in width to the ventilator rings S and St.
This casing is mounted on the cast iron stand F and cast in one piece with the
inlet pipe W of the turbino,
·

page_text: It serves, in conjunction with the casing B and the sheet iron casings L and L',
to separate the upward current of air from the downward current. a is the dis-
charge pipe for the tail-water of the turbine and m a mouth piece for guiding the
pressure water against the blades of the turbine T.
The apparatus works as follows:
If water at a suitable pressure is admitted to the pipe W, it will flow through
the inner part C against the blades, and set in motion the turbine wheel T, together
with the wheel V and the ventilating rings S, S', the rotation of which produces
two opposite air currents, indicated in the drawing by arrows. The water which
has flown through the turbine is caught by the inner surface of the casing B and
escapes along the latter down into the discharge pipe a.
For moistening the air current which passes through the cylindrical casing L
into the room to be ventilated, I employ a portion of the pressure water which is
supplied to the turbine, and lead it through the lubricator O into a spray producer,
shewn in Fig 1, and on a larger scale in Fig: 4. This air moistener chiefly
comprises a socket piece p communicating with the pressure water, and a screw
spindle the head q of which is provided with a hand-wheel or serrated disc and fits
tightly on the end of the socket piece. The screw spindlo has an axial opening up
to its head or shoulder, and is provided immediately below the latter with radial
perforations.
When the spindle is screwed tightly into the sockot piece, no water can escape,
but if it is slightly loosened, the prossure water will flow through the sockot piece
into the axial perforation of the spindle, and will be distributed by the radial
perforations in the form of a spray towards the circumference of the casing L, as
indicated by dotted lines.
The drawing shews an air moistener placed in the axis of the lubricator o and
communicating with the pressure water through an axial perforation of the
stationary vertical axle C².
In the simplified construction illustrated by Figs 2 and 2b the oblique or
helically curved blades S of the ventilator or fan are made of wrought iron. The
ventilator ring is detachable from the body V.
In the ventilator with horizontal axis represented by Figs 30 and 3b the inner
fan-blades S are cast in one piece with the wheol or disc V, while the outer fan-
blades S¹ are made of wrought iron.
The ventilator is driven by a pulley P mounted on the shaft of the disc V.
Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood, that I do not claim
any special construction of the separate ventilator rings or fans, or any special
construction of turbino, which may be of any known design suitable for the
purpose; nor do I limit myself to the particular form and position of the air
moistener shewn by the drawing, as other appliances adapted for converting a
portion of the pressure water of the turbine into an adjustable spray in the interior
of the air conduit may be used with a similar effect,
What I claim is
1. A Ventilator, having two concentric series of blades placed so as to produce
by their rotation two air currents in opposite directions, and provided with means
for keeping separate the currents thus produced.
2. A turbine-Ventilator, having two or more concentric series of blades one of
which serves as a turbine wheel while the other or others serve as a fan or fans,
and means for conducting pressure water to and from the turbine wheel.
3. The combination of a turbine-ventilator, with an adjustable air-moistener
adapted to convert a portion of the pressure water into a spray inside the air-
conduit,

page_text: 4. A single or double acting outward-flow turbine-ventilator, substantially as
described and represented by Figs: 1ª, 1b, 2ª, 2b,
5. A double acting ventilator adapted to be set in motion by a driving shaft and
pulley, substantially as described and represented by Figs: 3 and 3b.
6. The combination of a turbine-ventilator with an air moistener, substantially
as described and illustrated by Fig: 4.