IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MAKING SODA WATER AND OTHER AERATED LIQUIDS
Year: 1855

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Isidore Carlhian, of 26, Rue du Sentier, Paris, in the
Empire of France, and François Isidore Corbière, of 27, Castle Street,
Holborn, London, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS
FOR MAKING SODA WATER AND OTHER AERATED LIQUIDS."-A communication
from Messrs. Gaillard and Dubois.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Isidore Carlhian and
François Isidore Corbière at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents,
with their Petition, on the 5th April 1855.
We, ISIDORE CARLHIAN, of 26, Rue du Sentier, Paris, in the Empire of
France, and FRANÇOIS ISIDORE CORBIÈRE, of 27, Castle Street, Holborn, London,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPA-
RATUS FOR MAKING SODA WATER AND OTHER AERATED LIQUIDS," a communication,
to be as follows:-
The said improvements consist, first, in an arrangement by which an ordinary
wine bottle or vessel of similar construction may be turned into an apparatus
for aerating liquids; this is thus accomplished:-To the top of the neck of the
bottle is fitted a tap, of which the upper part of the spout is divided into two
small passages, one for the passage of the air, and the other for the passage of

page_text: the liquid from the bottle. A small hole'is made in the upper part of the spout
over the air passage; to the said tap is attached a gutta percha tube, or tube
of suitable elastic material, acting as a syphon, and reaching to the bottom of
the interior of the bottle or vessel. The bottom of the said bottle is fixed in a
pedestal of porcelain or other suitable material; the said pedestal must be made
hollow, and of sufficient elevation to afford a certain space besides that left by
the cavity formed by the raised bottom of the bottle, which serves as a gas
chamber. The pedestal is pierced at the bottom to admit water and powders,
the opening being closed by a screw plug, acting on a ring of india-rubber or
other suitable elastic substance, which is thereby pressed into a groove formed
in the interior of the pedestal, and thus renders the latter perfectly air-tight.
The raised bottom of the bottle is also pierced, and a valve notched spirally is
adapted to the aperture. By this means a free passage is afforded to the gas,
although excluding the entrance of the water.
The modus operandi for producing the effervescent water is as follows:-
A quantity of water is first poured into the bottle by screwing off the tap,
which being screwed on again, the position of the bottle is reversed, and the
screw plug at the bottom of the pedestal taken off; a small quantity of water
is then poured in at the aperture of the pedestal, and the powders, one of which
must be in a paper wrapper, are dropped in. The reason of the paper wrapper
being used for one of the powders is to prevent the too sudden mixture of the
powders with the water, and consequently the formation of the gas before there
be time sufficient to close the aperture in the pedestal. As, however, the use of
this paper wrapper may be deemed objectionable, it is proposed to fit in the
centre of the pedestal a diaphragm perforated with small holes, through which
the water will run when the bottle is in its reversed position, and on which the
powders will rest, and be prevented from mixing with the water until the bottle
be replaced in its natural position.
Secondly, of an arrangement by which, instead of employing one vessel, as in
the previously described arrangenients, two vessels or recipients are used, and,
as in Briet's apparatus, the tap is placed between the two vessels. The spout
of the tap is constructed on. the same principle as afore described. To this
apparatus is adapted a combination of three tubes, viz., one to supply a certain
quantity of liquid to the gas-generating chamber, another by which the. gas is
conveyed to the vessel containing the liquid, and the other a syphon tube, by
which the aerated liquid passes to the tap.
:
A valve arrangement in the upper part of the tube, communicating between
the upper and lower vessels, serves to introduce a portion of the liquid in the

page_text: gas chamber when the-apparatus is turned upside down, and prevents any liquid
passing from the gas chamber.
The upper part of the glass syphon is inserted in a short india-rubber tube,
allowing the tube to pass a little above the upper extremity of the glass
syphon; this end of the india-rubber tube thus passing is inserted in a short
metallic tube, which is soldered to the side of the lower vessel at the part
where the tap is affixed; the upper end of the metallic tube is closed and
made air-tight by filling it in with gutta percha, or in any other manner that
may answer the samé purpose. "
3rdly, a modification of the second arrangement, by which, instead of using
three tubes, only two are employed; the syphon tube, as before described,
and a long glass tube which passes into both vessels. At the centre of this
tube is fixed a metallic circular piece, on which is a small india-rubber
ring, and which can be pressed by a screw nut working on the screw thread
made on the metallic circle or collar; this metallic collar screws into the
neck of the upper vessel, and by means of the screw nut and india-rubber
ring a perfectly air and water tight closure is obtained. In this case the
valve is dispensed with.********
SPECIFICATION. in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Isidore Carlhian and François Isidore Corbière in the
Great Seal. Patent.Office, on the 5th October 1855.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, wc, ISIDORE
CARLHIAN, of 26, 'Rue du Sentier, Paris, in the Empire of France, and
FRANÇOIS ISIDORE CORBIÈRE, of 27, Castle Street, Holborn, London, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-five, in the eighteenth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors; give and grant unto us, the said
Isidore Carlhian and François Isidore Corbière, Her special licence that we,
the said "Isidore Carlhian and François Isidore Corbière, our executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said Isidore Carlhian and
François Isidore Corbière; our executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed; should and lawfully might make,

page_text: "
use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR MAKING SODA WATER AND OTHER AERATED LIQUIDS,"
a communication from Messrs. Gaillard & Dubois, upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said Isidore Carlhian and François Isidore
Corbière, by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, should par-
ticularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the
Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately
after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said Isidore Carlhian and François Isidore
Corbière, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascer-
tained in and by the following statement :-
Fig. 1 is a section of one form of an apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a section of another form of an apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a section of another form of tap.
Figs. 4 and 5 are a plan and elevation of the screw connecting the bottle of
Fig. 2 with the gas chamber and pedestal.
Fig. 6 is a section through the lines a, a, of Fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is a section of another form of an apparatus.
These improvements consist, first, in an arrangement by which an ordinary
wine bottle or vessel of similar construction may be turned into an apparatus
for aerating liquids. This is accomplished by having fitted to the neck of the
bottle A a tap B, the upper part of the spout of which is divided into two
small passages; one for the passage of the air, and the other for the passage of
the liquid from the bottle. A small hole a is made in the upper part of the
spout over the air passage. To the said tap B is attached a gutta percha tube
C, or tube of suitable elastic material, acting as a syphon, and reaching to the
bottom of the interior of the bottle or vessel. The bottom of the said bottle is
fixed in a pedestal D, of porcelain or other suitable material; the said pedestal
must be made hollow, and of sufficient elevation to afford a certain space
besides that left by the cavity E, formed by the raised bottom of the bottle,
which serves as a gas chamber. The pedestal is pierced at the bottom to
admit the water and powders; the opening being closed by a screw plug F,
acting on a ring of india-rubber b, or other suitable elastic substance, thereby
rendering the pedestal perfectly air-tight. The raised bottom of the bottle
is also pierced, and a valve A' notched spirally is adapted to the aperture.

page_text: By this means a free passage is afforded to the gas, although excluding the
entrance of the water; instead of the said valve A' a small hole may be made
in the top of the raised bottom.
The modus operandi for producing the effervescent water is as follows:-
The tap B is first removed, and a quantity of water is poured into the bottle,
after which the tap is screwed on again. The position of the bottle is reversed,
and the screw plug at the bottom of the pedestal taken off; a small quantity of
water is then poured in at the aperture of the pedestal, and the powders, one
of which must be in a paper wrapper, are dropped in, and after a short time
the powder in the paper mixes with the water and effervesces, making gas,
which rises through the valve A¹ to the liquid in the bottle, and when required
to draw off the contents the valve c is pressed down by the button d, and the
liquid ascends through the tube c out through the spout of the tap B. The
reason of the paper wrapper being used for one of the powders is to prevent
the two sudden mixture of the powders with the water, and consequently the
formation of the gas, before there be time sufficient to close the aperture in
the pedestal. As, however, the use of this paper wrapper may be deemed
objectionable, it is proposed to fit in the centre of the pedestal a diaphragm
perforated with small holes, through which the water will run when the bottle
is in its reversed position, and on which the powders will rest, and be pre-
vented from mixing with the water until the bottle be replaced in its natural
position.
Another apparatus with this diaphragm is shewn in Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6,
where A is the bottle; B, the tap; C, the pipe or tube; D, the pedestal; F,
screw plug; G, the diaphragm. The modus operandi is the same as that last
mentioned, with the exception that the powder is placed upon the diaphragm
instead of in paper. The gas produced ascends in this apparatus through the
perforations e and valve f, and mixes with the liquid.
Second, of an arrangement by which, instead of employing one vessel, as in
the previously described arrangement, two vessels or recipients H¹, H", Fig. 7,
are used, and, as in Briet's apparatus, the tap is placed between the two vessels.
The spout of the tap B' is constructed on the same principle as before described.
To this apparatus, which is represented in Fig. 7, are two tubes; the tube
H acting as a syphon for the purpose, as before described, and a long glass
tube I, which passes into both vessels; at the centre of this tube is fixed a
metallic circular piece 9, on which is a small india-rubber ring h, and which
can be pressed by a screw nut i, working on the screw thread made on the
metallic circle or collar k of the upper vessel H. This metallic circle or

page_text: collar k screws into the neck of the lower vessel H", and presses on the india-
rubber ring, and by these means a perfectly air and water tight closure is
obtained.
A valve is dispensed with in this apparatus. The modus operandi is as
follows: The upper vessel H is removed, and the liquid required to be
aerated is placed in the lower vessel H"; the tube I is unscrewed, and the
upper vessel half filled with water, and the powders placed therein, one of
which is in paper for the purpose before described. The tube I is then screwed
on again, and the small vessel H' gently reversed (so as to prevent the liquid
getting into the glass tube), and screwed to the lower vessel H", and the gas
produced descends to the liquid in the lower vessel through the tube I.
When the liquid is sufficiently aerated, the valve m of the tap is moved by
pressing on the button n, and the liquid ascends the tube H to the spout
of the tap.
The placing of one of the powders in paper can be obviated in this appa-
ratus by having another tube to communicate between the two vessels. This,
however, is not shewn in the Drawings. The third tube is made of sufficient
size for the tube I to pass through, both of which tubes are fastened to the
said circular piece g. The mode of operating with this additional tubo is as
follows: The apparatus is taken to picces, as before' mentioned, the liquid
placed in the lower vessel and the powders in the upper one. The apparatus
is then screwed together and reversed, so as to allow some of the liquid to
pass through the additional tube to the powders, and when a sufficient
quantity is in the upper vessel, place the apparatus in its natural position,
and the gas produced descends to tho liquid in the lower vessel through the
tube I, and the liquid when required to be withdrawn ascends through
the tube H, by pressing the button n. A valve arrangement is introduced
with the three tubes, so as to prevent any of the liquid passing from the
upper vessel back again to the lower vessel when the apparatus is turned back
to its natural position.
Having thus fully described the particulars and nature of the said Invention,
what we claim is,
'First, dividing the spout of the tap into two small passages, one for the
passage of the air, and the other for the passage of the aerated liquid from
the bottle; a small hole a being made in the upper part of the spout over the
air passage, by which the dripping from the end of the spout is prevented.
Second, the application of an ordinary wine bottle, Fig. 1, for the purposes
herein described.

page_text: Third, the diaphragm G, Figs. 2 and 6, for the purpose of preventing the
powders mixing with water before the plug is screwed to the pedestal, as
described.
Fourth, the long glass tube I, Fig. 7, which is entirely open, serving as a
communication between the two vessels, the use of which dispenses with a valve
and filter or strainer.
And, fifth, the application and arrangement of the various apparatusses,
substantially as herein described.
In witness whereof, I, the said François Isidore Corbière, for myself
and on behalf of the said Isidore Carlhian, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Fifth day of October, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
FRANCOIS ISIDORE CORBIERE. (L.s.)