IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Higgins, of Salford, in the County of
Lancaster, Machine Maker, and Thomas Schofield Whitworth, of the
same Place, Manager, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON, AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS."
Sealed the 4th July 1862, and dated the 7th January 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Higgins and
Thomas Schofield Whitworth at the Office of the Commissioners of
Patents, with their Petition, on the 7th January 1862.
We, JAMES HIGGINS, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Machine
Maker, and THOMAS SCHOFIELD WHITWORTH, of the same Place, Manager,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS
MATERIALS," to be as follows:-
Our Invention relates, firstly, to a method of obtaining the "drag," and
consists in causing the spindle to be pressed by a metallic surface. In order
to illustrate this, we will suppose the spindle to pass through a bush, divided
into two parts, one of them being loose, and bearing against the spindle by
the action of a spring or weight. This drag we provide with a receptacle
for the retention of lubricating material.
According to another part of our Invention, we support the spindle by a
tube projecting into the bobbin, and the bobbin by a cap which is carried by
the spindle.
Another part of our Invention relates to a method of obtaining an end for
the commencement of another cop or bobbin, and consists in a provision for

page_text: raising the spindle, so as to bring a bare part up to the level of the guide or
other apparatus through which the yarn or thread passes.
Another part of our Invention consists in so mounting the flyer that it may
be moved sideways from the spindle, so as to facilitate the removal of the
cop or bobbin.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said James Higgins and Thomas Schofield Whitworth in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 7th July 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, JAMES
HIGGINS, of Salford, in the County of Lancaster, Machine Maker, and THOMAS
SCHOFIELD WHITWORTH, of the same Place, Manager, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventh day of January, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of Her reign, did, for
Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto us, the said
James Higgins and Thomas Schofield Whitworth, Her special license
that we,
the said James Higgins and Thomas Schofield Whitworth,
our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the said
James Higgins and Thomas Schofield Whitworth, our executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of
Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR
SPINNING AND DOUBLING COTTON AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS," upon the
conditions, amongst others, that we, the said James Higgins and Thomas
Schofield Whitworth, by an instrument in writing under our hands and
seals, or under the hand and seal of one of us, should particularly describe
and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the
same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great
Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and immediately after
the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Thomas Schofield Whitworth, do
hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement and accompanying Drawings (that is to say):-
:-

page_text: Our Invention consists, firstly, in a method of obtaining the drag, and
consists in causing the spindle to be pressed by a metallic surface. According
to another part of our Invention we support the spindle by a tube projecting
into the bobbin, and the bobbin by a cap which is carried by the spindle.
Another part of our Invention consists in so mounting the flyer that it
may be moved sideways from the spindle so as to facilitate the removal of the
cop or bobbin.
Another part of our Invention, relates to a method of obtaining an end for
the commencement of another cop or bobbin, and consists in a provision for
raising the spindle so as to bring a bare part up to the level of the guide or
other apparatus through which the yarn or thread passes.
The first of these improvements is shewn at Figs. 1 and 2 of the
accompanying Drawings, in which a is the spindle turning in the footstep b;
this footstep is furnished with a recess, within which is placed a loose piece
of metal c, bearing against the spindle and provided with a groove d. In this
groove is one arm of a bell crank lever c, turning upon a centre at f, the other.
arm thereof being drawn downward by a spring g, so that the piece of metal
c, is caused to press upon the spindle, according to the elastic force of the said
spring, which force may be regulated by turning the nut h, in the one direction
or the other, and thus any required amount of drag may be obtained. The
piece of metal c is cut away at its edges so as to form a chamber i for the
reception of lubricating material.
We have described this part of our Invention in combination with a
peculiar arrangement of spindle and appendages to be hereafter described,
but it is applicable to ordinary throstles or other machines in which a drag is.
required for the spindle.
The next part of our Invention is also shewn at Fig 1. The spindle a is
supported at its lower end in the rail, and at its upper end by a tube k, carried
by the said rail above this tube, and attached to the spindle is a cap 7, which
at its lower end is provided with a shoulder m, upon which the bobbin
22 rests.
In the arrangement shewn in connection with this and the first part of our
Invention, there is a revolving wharve drawn against rollers p by the band
which drives it, and carrying pressers g, which convey the material to the
bobbin, such arrangement having been described in the Specification of a
Patent granted to us, bearing date June Twenty-sixth, One thousand eight
hundred and sixty-one, No. 1637. The parts g* represent guides which
may be used instead of the pressers g.
The next part of our Invention is shewn at Figs. 3 and 4. The spindle is

page_text: at r, turning in a footstep s, and in a friction bearing c, similar to that described
under the first part of our Invention. The flyer is at t, mounted in a top bearing
u, and provided with a wharve drawn against rollers at p by which it is supported.
The material is conveyed to the spindle by pressers g, as previously mentioned.
The top bearing u is carried by a quadrant v, which is mounted in guides
w and provided with a rack a, in gear with which is a pinion y; by turning
this pinion, therefore, the quadrant is caused to move in its guides and turn the
flyer over into the position shewn at Fig. 4, and thus allow the cop to be
withdrawn from the spindle.
In order to illustrate the next part of our Invention, we will suppose the
arrangement to be that shewn at Fig. 3. Beneath the rail which supports
the tube and spindle, we adapt a shaft provided with excentrics, which by
being turned will elevate the spindle so as to bring a portion thereof just
below the completed cop as at A, opposite to the guide g, which conveys the
material, and the spindle being then turned a few revolutions will provide an
end for the commencement of a fresh cop.
Having thus described and ascertained the nature of our said Invention
and the manner of carrying the same into effect, we desire it to be understood
that we claim as secured to us under the above in part recited Letters
Patent.
Firstly, the use of a drag produced by the pressure of a metallic surface
against the spindle, and the application thereto of the chamber for lubricating
material.
Secondly, the method of supporting the spindle and bobbin described in
reference to Fig. 1.
Thirdly, so mounting the flyer that it may be turned from the central line.
Fourthly, raising the spindles so as to bring portions thereof below the
completed cops opposite to the guides which deliver the material.
In witness whereof, I, the said Thomas Schofield Whitworth, have
hereunto set my hand and seal, the Fifth day of July, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
THOMAS SCHOFIELD WHITWORTH. (L.s.)