Improvements relating to Oil-cake and Feeding Cake Presses.
Year: 1899

page_text: Improvements relating to Oil-cake and Feeding Cake Presses.
I, FREDERIC HALL, of 14, Gardner Road, Tuebrook, Liverpool, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to apparatus whereby oil-cake and feeding cake presses
can deal with a larger number of cakes than at present; and whereby the inser-
tion of the meal and the withdrawal of the cakes may be accomplished more
rapidly.
A series of trays or plates which form the moulds in which oil-cakes are pressed,
are arranged between guides in such a manner, that they may be moved upwards
or downwards, either singly or altogether. The pressure to which these trays
and the meal or cakes between them are subjected may be derived from any
suitable source of power, such as a hydraulic ram or screw-press.
Each tray is
independent of those above and below, and is formed or provided with a number
of moulds, whereby a number of cakes may be simultaneously filled and formed
between two trays, instead of a tray or plate being required for every cake as
at present.
The trays or plates above specified are-according to this invention--arranged
to rotate or turn upon a hinge or journal, whereby they may discharge their cakes
upon a table, and such tilting or rotating of a tray may take place during and
be caused by the upward and downward movement of the tray upon its guides,
that is to say, a projecting arm or lever on the tray may come in contact with a
tappet during the upward or downward movement of the tray and so cause the
latter to tilt or turn upon its axis. Simultaneously with the tilting of the tray,
the delivery table may be arranged to tilt or rotate towards the tray, so that they
meet and the cakes are transferred from one to the other. The tilting of the
table may be due to a pin thereon entering a slot in the lever or projection on
the tray, so that as the said lever or projection is raised or lowered by contact
with the tappet, so the tray and table are tilted towards one another. The tappet
may be turned back or put out of the path of the trays as the latter are being
raised or lowered when they are being charged with meal.
The trays may be in halves, mounted in a rectangular frame, which travels
on guide rods, one of the latter being at each corner of the frame, and the two
halves of the trays will discharge their cakes on opposite sides of the press.
The upward or downward movement of the trays may be caused by the ram,
or screw, or other means of pressing cakes, or by a block and tackle or by hand;
and means such as bolts or catches are provided for retaining the full or empty
trays in their upward position whilst the lower one is being emptied or filled,
as the case may be.
I prefer to charge the several moulds upon a tray by telescopic or flexible
shoots, or hose pipes, which conduct the meal from the hopper or pan, and which
may be moved out of the path of the trays when they are being lowered or
raised.

page_text: The return action of the trays and table after they have been tilted, may be
due to springs, weights, or to the movement of the trays.
Dated this 4th day of January 1899.
J. A. COUBROUGH,
Chartered Patent Agent,
10, St. George's Crescent, Liverpool, Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements relating to Oil-cake and Feeding Cake Presses.
I, FREDERIC HALL, of 14, Gardner Road, Tuebrook, Liverpool, Engineer, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to oil-cake and feeding cake presses, wherein meal and
other substances are compressed into the form of slabs or cakes, and has for its
object to provide a press which is capable of forming and delivering such cakes
in larger batches and more rapidly than hitherto.
In the drawings hereto annexed, Figure 1 is an end elevation of a cake press
according to my invention, Figure 2 being a side elevation, and Figure 3 a
plan, thereof. Figures 4 to 12 are detail views of parts of my invention.
The press comprises four vertical stardards 1, of H cross-section and a cross-
head 2, which support hoppers 3, in which the ingredients of the cakes are
mixed and cooked in the usual manner. A series of trays 4, are arranged to
travel up and down between the standards, the extended parts 5 of the trays
entering the recesses of the standards and serving as guides. Each tray carries
a series of moulds 6. These moulds sit in apertures in the trays, being supported
therein by their flanges 7, and are hinged to the trays by means of the rods 8.
The sleeves 9 of the moulds are fixedly attached to these rods, so that the rods
and moulds turn together, and the rods pass freely through sleeves 10 formed on
the trays. The moulds 6 are double-sided as shewn in Figure 4, that is to say,
they form two halt-moulds, the upper half of one mould and the lower half of
the mould immediately above it together forming a complete mould as is usual.
The press is worked by two operatives, one at each end thereof.
The cycle of operations is as follows. Assuming the moulds to be charged and
being pressed against the cross-head 2 by the ram 11, for the required period
of time, the detents 12, are allowed to project through the webs of diagonally
opposite standards 1, so that the trays rest upon these detents when the ram 11
sinks. These detents are illustrated in detail, Figure 5 being a front view,
Figure 6 a side view, and Figure 7 a plan, thereof, and are withdrawn from under
the trays, seriatim, by the rod 13 which is held in guides and is raised step by
step by the lever 14. The pointed end of this rod inserts itself under the
springs 15 of the detents and so withdraws one detent at a time from under the
trays. Assuming the lowermost tray to be released by the detents 12 it then
hangs upon the hooks 16, which slide in guides on the standards 1 and which
are shewn in detail. Figure 8 being a front view, and Figure 9 a plan. From
the hooks 16 a chain 17 passes over a pulley 18, and on the other end of this chain
are hung weights 19, disposed in the pneumatic tubes 20. Hanging on the
hooks 16 the tray is gradually lowered by opening the treadle valves 21, which
admit air to the tubes 20, and so allow the weights 19 to pass upward. When
this tray approaches the ram-head the hooks 16 encounter stops 22 which tilt
the hooks and so release the tray as shewn in Figure 10. The tray and its

page_text: to
moulds then fall, and in falling the moulds 6 are caused to revolve about the
rods 8 as follows. On the end of each rod 8 is keyed a pinion wheel 23, and,
adapted to move in guides on the standards 1, are toothed racks 24, whose teeth
are arranged to engage the pinions 23 on opposite sides thereof as shewn in end
view in Figure 11, and in side view in Figure 12. The racks 24 are slided into
a position to engage the pinions as the trays fall and are withdrawn from the
path of such pinions when the trays ascend. As the tray falls its pinions 23
engage the upper racks 24 which cause them to revolve. As such pinions and
the moulds 6 are both fixedly attached to the rods 8, the moulds 6 are thus
lifted out of the trays 4 and swing outwardly. At the end of their swing
the moulds encounter stops 25, and the concussion thus produced causes
them to deliver their cakes on to the plates 26. The plates 26 are
to the
hinged on
rods 27, and are normally raised
meet the
the moulds by the springs 28. The weight of the cakes depresses the
plates 26 on to the benches 29, where they are held by the triggers 30. Attendants
remove the cakes from the plates 26 and the latter are allowed to rise again by
releasing the triggers 30. Simultaneously with the concussion of the moulds
against the stops 25, the pinions 23 in their downward travel encounter the lower
racks 24 which operate to revolve the moulds back on to the tray 4. The tray
and empty moulds then fall on to the ram head 11, and this tray full of moulds
is then recharged with meal as follows. This is done by the pipes 31, whose
lower ends
swivelled
crank
a rod 32 the latter possessing a
handle 33. By
the
of this handle
attendant swings a set
of three pipes inwardly
then
three moulds. He
over
operates the
duplex shutters 34 by means of the chain pulls 35, whereby charges of meal
contained between these shutters are delivered into the moulds. All the moulds
of the tray being charged in this manner the hinged portions of the pipes 31
are then swung outwardly to make room for the next tray full of moulds which
is then lowered in the manner already described in respect of the preceding tray.
Briefly then the trays-full of moulds containing cakes are allowed to fall,
to discharge their cakes, and to be refilled with meal, seriatim.
are
means
on
There being now an asemblage of trays with charged moulds upon the ram 11,
the latter is raised so as to compress the moulds against the cross-head 2, and the
cycle is complete.
It will be understood that the devices herein described for retaining the trays
in their upper position, for gradually lowering them and finally releasing them,
for revolving the cake moulds so as to discharge their cakes, and for effecting
other functions or steps in my improved cake press, may be replaced by their
mechanical equivalents, without departing from the spirit or scope of my invention.
For instance the pinions 23 may be replaced by tappet levers which, engaging
with suitably disposed projections, cause the rods 8 and moulds 6 to revolve in
the required manner.
Half-moulds are formed upon the upper surface of the ram 11 and the lower
surface of the cross-héad 2 according to the usual custom, said half-moulds
forming complete moulds in conjunction with the moulds upon the uppermost
and lowermost tray respectively.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. The combination in a cake press, of a series of trays having a series of cake
moulds, hinged thereto, a ram for elevating such trays and moulds to the head of
the press, means for retaining such trays in their raised position and means for
releasing and lowering them seriatim, means for revolving such moulds on their
hinges and so discharging their cakes, and means for refilling such moulds;
arranged substantially as described and illustrated.
2. The combination in a cake press of a series of trays each tray bearing

page_text: a series of cake moulds, said moulds being hinged on rods 8, pinion wheels on
said rods and toothed racks in the path of said pinions when the said trays sink,
whereby when said pinions engage the racks the said cake moulds are revolved
on the rods 8 so as to discharge their cakes and then to resume their place in
the trays; arranged substantially as described and illustrated.
3. The combination with a cake press wherein a series of cake moulds hinged
on a series of trays arranged to rise and fall in said press are caused to swing on
their hinges, and so discharge their cakes, of a series of stops 25 adapted to
arrest the swing of such moulds and so dislodge their cakes, and hinged plates 26
supported on springs and adapted to rise and receive such cake delivery and to
lower the cakes on to the benches 29, arranged substantially as described and
illustrated.
4. The combination with a cake press wherein a series of trays each bearing a
series of cake moulds are arranged to rise and fall in said press, of a series of
jointed ducts 31 leading from meal hoppers and adapted to be swung by the
rods 32 and handles 33 over said moulds so as to charge them and then to be
swung outwardly and clear of the path of the next descending tray, arranged
substantially as described and illustrated.
5. In a cake press wherein a series of trays bearing cake moulds are elevated
by a ram to the press-head, the detents 12, for supporting such trays in their
raised position, and the rods 13, adapted to be raised step by step by the levers 14,
and inserted under the springs 15 of said detents whereby they are withdrawn from
under the trays and the latter are released seriatim, substantially as described
and illustrated.
6. In a cake press wherein a series of trays bearing cake moulds are elevated
by a ram to the press head, and are there supported by devices which release such
trays, consisting of travelling hooks 16, suspenders 17, and weights 19, said
weights nearly counter-balancing the weight of a tray, and the valves 21, for
admitting air to the tubes 20, whereby the decent of the tray is governed, and
the pins 22 which tilt such hooks and release the tray, when the latter is required
to discharge its cakes, substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated this 4th day of October 1800
J. A. COUBROUGH,
Chartered Patent Agent,
10, St. George's Crescent, Liverpool, Agent for the Applicant.