IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS
Year: 1884

page_text: We, STEPHEN HENRY EMMENS of 8 Argyll Street, Regent Street in the County
of Middlesex, Electrical Engineer, and ROBERT BARLOW, of Norfolk House Albion
Road, Dalston in the said County, Patentee, do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS to be as follows:-
Our Invention lias reference to improved modes of constructing portable electric
lamps containing primary or secondary galvanic batteries for the generation of the
electric currents required and is designed to render such lamps capable of being
safely used under water or in an explosive atmosphere as well as for ordinary
purposes.
We construct our lamps by placing the required number of cells in a suitable
case provided with a cover fitting water-tight by means of rubber-packing or
otherwise. To this case we attach a boss or base-piece carrying contact-pieces at
the rear which make circuit with the poles of the battery when the boss is placed
in position. Locks may be provided for fastening the cover and boss in their
places and the lamp attached to the boss may be closed in by a lantern, globe or
cage, and thus no part of the galvanic circuit is exposed and no sparking can take
place.
In the case of single fluid cells the circuit is closed or opened and the light
produced, augmented diminished or extinguished by raising or lowering a head-
frame or head-frames by which the electrodes are carried, such raising or lowering
being effected by a screw, rod, or cord operated from the outside of the case and
where necessary closed in by a pipe or covering of rubber or other suitable
material. In the case of double-fluid cells the circuit is closed or opened by
a movement of the boss or by a separate contact-piece operated by an internal
screw button or push worked from the outside of the case and where necessary
covered in by indiarubber or other suitable material.
We also provide for the contingency of the battery being required to work a
separate lamp. This we effect by affixing two outside terminals capable of being
brought into circuit with the poles of the battery by a movement of the said boss;
or, alternatively we provide two separate terminals under a locked cover or we
make the said boss reinovable and capable of being attached by any desired longth
of wires to the internal poles of the battery.

page_text: The battery case we sometimes use without separate cells, the internal space
being divided up into the requisite compartments by suitable divisions; and we
sometimes construct several sections in this manner and superpose them one on the
other thereby enabling the power of the battery to be increased or diminished as
desired the general arrangement and contact-pieces of each section being so
contrived as to render the sections interchangeable.
In the case of lamps to be used by submarine workmen we sometimes divide the
battery into two or more parts for convenience of suspension and we so connect
them that they shall be capable of being brought into the lamp-circuit either
simultaneously or in succession. The battery under such circumstances may take
the place of the weights ordinarily carried by the divers and the lamp may be
either affixed to the diver's breast-weight or helmet or may be carried as a hand
lantern in a frame or at the end of a wand.

page_text: We STEPHEN HENRY EMMENS of 8 Argyll Street, Regent Street in the County
of Middlesex, Electric Engineer, and ROBERT BARLOW of Norfolk House, Albion
Road, Dalston in the said County, Patentee do hereby declare the nature of our
Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRIC LAMPS and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
Our invention has reference to improved modes of constructing portable electric
lamps containing primary or secondary galvanic batteries for the generation of the
electric currents required and is designed to render such lamps capable of being
safely used under water or in an explosive atmosphere as well as for ordinary
purposes.
We construct our lamps by placing the required number of cells in a suitable
case provided with a cover fitting water-tight and air-tight by means of rubber-
packing or otherwise. To this case we attach a boss or base-piece carrying
contact-pieces at the rear which make circuit with the poles of the battery when
the boss is placed in position. Locks may be provided for fastening the cover and
boss in their places and the lamp attached to the boss may be closed in by a
lantern, globe or cage and thus no part of the galvanic circuit is exposed and no
sparking can take place.
In the case of single-fluid cells the circuit is closed or opened and the light
produced is augmented diminished or extinguished by raising or lowering a
head-frame or head-frames by which the electrodes are carried; such raising or
lowering being effected by a screw, rod or cord operated from the outside of the
case and, where necessary, closed in by a pipe or covering of indiarubber or other
suitable material.
In the case of double-fluid cells the circuit is closed or opened by a movement of
the boss or by a separate contact-piece operated by an internal screw, button or
push worked from the outside of the case and, where necessary, covered in by
indiarubber or other suitable material.
We also provide for the contingency of the battery being required to work a
separate lamp. This we effect by affixing two outside terminals capable of being
brought into circuit with the poles of the battery by a movement of the said boss;
or, alternatively, we provide two separate terminals under a locked cover, or we
make the boss removable and capable of being attached by any desired length of
wires to the internal poles of the battery.
The battery case we sometimes use without separate cells, the internal space
being divided up into the requisite compartments by suitable divisions; and wo
sometimes construct several sections in this manner and superpose them one on the
other, thereby enabling the power of the battery to be increased or diminished as
desired, the general arrangement and contact-pieces of each section being so
contrived as to render the sections interchangeable.
In the case of lamps to be used by submarine workmen we sometimes divide the
battery into two or more parts for convenience of suspension, and we so connect
them that they shall be capable of being brought into the lamp circuit either
simultaneously or in succession. The battery under such circumstances may take
the place of the weights ordinarily carried by divers, and the lamp may be either
affixed to the diver's breast-weight or helmet or may be carried as a hand-lantern
in a frame or at the end of a wand.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:―
1. The combination of a galvanic battery in one or more water-tight cases
substantially as specified.
2. The combination of a galvanic battery in one or more air-tight cases with a
Jamp or lamps and circuit-closing apparatus so arranged as to be capable of use in
explosive atmospheres without danger of sparking or ignition substantially as
specified.
3. The combination of a galvanic battery in a case with a circuit-closing
apparatus placed in such case but capable of being operated from the outside
substantially as specified.
4. The combination of a galvanic battery in a case with electrodes so arranged
as to be capable of being plunged into or withdrawn from the electrolytes by action
from the outside of such case substantially as specified.
5. The combination of a galvanic battery of the kind described in the first
claim with an electric lamp constructed for use under water substantially as
specified.
Dated this 20th dose of Contambor 1001
STEPHEN H. EMMENS.
ROBERT BARLOW.