Improvements in Engines or Motors chiefly Designed for Operating Drills and like Tools.
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 10th May, 1898-Accepted, 27th Aug., 1898
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Engines or Motors chiefly Designed for Operating
Drills and like Tools.
I, JULIUS KELLER, of 1935, Ridge Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United
States of America, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement-
.
My invention consists of an improved construction of engine, in which a
plurality of cylinders having an intermediate valve chamber provided with
aligning valves are employed, the reciprocal motion of the pistons contained in
said cylinders being transformed to a rotary motion by suitable intervening
mechanism, the tool, being balanced under all conditions and readily transported.
It also consists of a plurality of spindles adapted to revolve simultaneously but at
different rates of speed, either of said spindles being adapted for the reception of
a tool, whereby the latter may be expeditiously changed from one spindle to the
other so as to be run fast or slow as may be desired.
It further consists of novel details of construction, all as will be hereinafter
fully set forth, and particularly pointed out in the claims.
My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:-
Figure 1 represents a side elevation of an engine a portion thereof being shown
in section, the latter being taken on line a Figure 2.
Figure 2 represents a horizontal section of the engine, the section being taken
on line y Figure 1 and showing the relative position of the pistons, valve and
their adjuncts.
Figure 3 represents a detached sectional view showing means for rotating a
drill at different speeds.
Figure 4 represents a sectional view showing the valve and its adjuncts.
Figure 5 represents a horizontal section of the engine, similar to the view seen
in Figure 2, showing more clearly the various inlet and exhaust ports.
Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the figures.
1 designates an engine, the same consisting of the air-chamber 2 into which
the air or other motive fluid is conducted through the air inlet 2*, said air-chamber
being located above the cylinders 3 and 4, which are located in the present
instance side by side and substantially parallel to each other. The cylinder 3
contains the pistons 5 and 6 which are adapted to move towards and away from
each other, while the cylinder 4 contains a pair of similar pistons 7 and 8, which
also move towards and from each other.
The pistons 5, 6, 7 and 8 are each provided with the piston-rods 9, 10, 11, and 12
respectively, said rod passing through the cylinder-heads 9*.
Each of the above-mentioned piston-rods is connected to a yoke 13 and since the
construction and manner of connection of each thereto is substantially the same,
a description of one will suffice for all. The yoke 13 is, in the present instance,
in the shape of a parallelogram or other figure which reciprocates on the slides 13*
and the guides 123.

page_text: The interior walls of the yoke are in contact with the sliding-box 14, which is
made in sections 15, the latter engaging the crank 16, which is mounted in suitable
bearings in the top bearing-plate 23 and the bottom bearing-plate 22.
The crank-shaft 16 has secured thereto in any suitable manner the pinion 17
which rotates in unison therewith and is in mesh with the main gear 18, which is
located below the cylinders 3 and 4.
19 Figure 2 designates the main gear bushing and 20 the thrust washer, which
contacts with a suitable portion of the stud 21, the relative position of the parts
when assembled, being understood from Figure 1.
25 designates an eccentric which is mounted on the shaft 16 and engaged by the
eccentric strap 26, which has an arm 27, the latter carrying the pin 28 by means
of which connection is made to the lever 29, the latter being fulcrumed at the
point 30.
The end 31 of the lever 29 passes through an opening 32 in the piston-rod 33,
the latter carrying the piston-valve 34, which consists of the two cylindrical
portions 35 and 36 which are connected by a neck 37, it being noted that there
are two of these piston-valves 34 and 38, each of which are in alignment with
cach other and located in the valve-chest or chamber 38 and operated from the
crank-shafts 16 which are located diagonally to each other, it being noted that
cach of said valves are located in the same valve-chamber, whose bore in the
present instance forms an unbroken continuity.
39 and 40 designate ports which are located in the valve-chamber 38 each side
of the centre thereof, said ports being always open with respect to the valves
The left-hand valve 34 regulates or controls the flow of the air for the pistons 5
and 6, while the right-hand valve 38* controls the air operating the pistons 7
and 8. The pistons 5 and 6 are shown on half stroke and the air passing through
ports 42, 43 and 44 enters the cylinder 3 near the centre thereof and forces the
pistons 5 and 6 apart, the ports 45, 46, 47 and 48 being open for exhaust and in
connection with the exhaust port 49. The pistons 7 and 8 are shown in Figure 2
as being at the end of their outward stroke, the valve 38* being now at half stroke
and the inlet ports 50 and 53 being closed, a further movement of the valve 38*
will open the ports 50, 51 and 52 for exhaust and the ports 53, 54, 55 and 56 for
the inlet of air at the end of the cylinder 4 and upon the pistons 7 and 8 contained
in said cylinder 4, thereby forcing both pistons towards each other, said cylinder 4
exhausting through ports 52, 51, 50 and 57, the above-described operations taking
place alternately and successively. The reciprocation of the pistons will cause a
corresponding movement to be imparted to the piston-rods attached thereto,
thereby reciprocating the yokes 13 and consequently the crank-shafts 16, the rota-
tion of said crank-shafts being imparted to the pinions 17 and thence to the
main gear 18, from which latter rotation is imparted to the drill.
The throttle-valve or plug 59 located in the seat 59* Figure 4 controls the
inlet to the valve-chest at the point 2* and is operated by the link 60 which latter
has the member 61 attached thereto, said member being pivoted at 62 to the
handle 64 and said throttle-valve being operated by the arm 63, the latter and said
member being arranged in the form of an elbow lever, it being apparent that when
said arm is pressed against the handle 64, the throttle is opened and the machine
starts, but as soon as the arm 63 is released it closes the throttle-valve and the
machine stops. I desire to call especial attention to the fact that by locating
the inlet for the motive fluid so that said inlet is controlled by the longitudinal
movement of the throttle-valve proper, I am enabled to throttle or control the
admission of the active fluid with great exactness so that the engine can be run
fast or slow, at will, a result which cannot be attained where an ordinary stop-valve
having a bevel seat is employed.
The throttle-valve is closed by means of the spring 59" which surrounds the
valve-stem 59, one end of said spring abutting against a shoulder of said valve
and its other end contacting with the plate or washer 57 through which said
valve-stem passes.

page_text: It will be especially noted that the space between the feed-screw 55* and the
drill or tool is as short as possible and that by having the cylinders 3 and 4 located
in the centre of the machine, and parallel to each other, the machine is perfectly
balanced under all conditions.
In Figure 3 is shown means for rotating a drill at different speeds, the parts
appearing in substantially the same relative position as seen at the lower portion
of Figure 1, 22 designating the bottom bearing plate in which the crank 16 has
its lower bearing, said crank having the pinion 60 secured thereto, said pinion
meshing with the main gear 61 having the hub or spindle 62 depending there-
from and the socket 63 therein, for the reception of the drill.
64 designates a pinion mounted on the crank 16 adjacent to the pinion 60*
but of less diameter than the latter, said pinion 64 meshing with the main
gear 65, which is of greater diameter than the gear 613, said gear 65 having
a depending sleeve or spindle 66, which is provided with exterior screw-threads
upon which the drill or holder thereof is adapted to be secured.
It will be evident from the foregoing that the main gear 61 will revolve faster
than the gear 65* and when it is desired to change the speed of rotation of a drill,
it is only necessary to remove the drill from the socket 63* and to make the
necessary connections to enable the drill to be rotated by means of the threaded
portion of the sleeve 66, it being understood that the pinions 60 and 64* revolve
in unison as do their intermeshing gears, whereupon the spindles 62 and 66*
are also caused to revolve simultaneously, whereby the tool employed can be
expeditiously interchanged so as to run fast or slow as may be desired.
It will of course be evident that the engine above described can be operated by
steam as well as by air, or any other motive fluid.
It will of course further be evident that changes may be made by those skilled
in the art, that will come within the scope of my invention, and I do not therefore
desire to be limited in every instance to the exact construction I have herein
shown and described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In an engine, a plurality of cylinders, a valve-chamber provided with
aligning valves intermediate of and in communication with said cylinders, a
plurality of pistons in each cylinder, a main gear rotatably supported in proximity
to said cylinders, a plurality of crank-shafts, means for rotating the same by the
reciprocation of said pistons, and mechanism operated by said shafts for rotating
said main gear.
2. In an engine, a plurality of cylinders, each having a pair of pistons therein,
a valve-chest intermediate of and in communication with said cylinders, a
plurality of aligning piston-valves in said chest, shafts rotated by the reciproca-
tion of said pistons, pinions mounted on said shafts, a main gear in mesh with said
pinions and connected from said shafts for operating said valves.
3. In an engine, a plurality of cylinders, each having a pair of pistons therein,
a valve-chest located in proximity with said cylinders, a plurality of aligning
valves in said chest, yokes suitably supported and connected to the piston-rods
attached to said pistons, crank-shafts on which said yokes are mounted, pinions
carried by said crank-shafts, a main gear in mesh with said pinions, and
mechanism intermediate said shafts and valves for reciprocating the latter.
4. In an engine, a pair of cylinders arranged side by side, a valve-chest inter-
mediate said cylinder, valves in said chest and pistons in said cylinders working
oppositely to each other, a plurality of crank shafts, a plurality of yokes, a piston-
rod of each piston being secured to one of said yokes, boxes common to said yokes
and shafts, slides and guides for supporting said yokes an eccentric mounted on
a pair of said shafts arranged diagonally to each other, connections from said

page_text: eccentrics for operating said valves, pinions mounted on said shafts and a main
gear rotatably supported and in mesh with said pinions.
5. In an engine, a main gear rotatably supporter, a plurality of cylinders
located adjacent to said gears, each cylinder having a pair of pistons therein
moving in opposite directions, a valve-chest containing a pair of valves, means
for moving the latter. in opposite directions, ports leading from said valve-chest
to substantially the middle of each cylinder and also to the ends of the latter,
said ports serving alternately as inlet and exhaust ports, and a series of pinions
rotated by the reciprocation of said pistons, said pinions meshing with said main
gear.
6. In an engine, a pair of cylinders arranged side by side, a pair of pistons in
each cylinder, a valve-chest connected with said cylinders, valves in said chest
controlling the reciprocation of said pistons, a plurality of crank-shafts, a plurality
of yokes, a rod for each piston secured to each of said yokes, boxes common to
said yokes and shafts, an eccentric mounted on a pair of said shafte arranged
diagonally to each other, connections from said eccentrics for operating said
valves, pinions mounted on said shafts and a main gear rotatably supported and
in mesh with said pinions.
7. In an engine, main gears of different diameters rotatably supported, a
plurality of cylinders located above said gears, each of said cylinders having a pair
of pistons therein moving in opposite directions, a valve-chest containing a pair
of valves, means for moving the latter in opposite directions, ports leading from
said valve-chest to substantially the middle of each cylinder, and also to the ends
of the latter, said ports serving alternately as inlet and exhaust ports, a plurality
of crank-shafts, rods connecting said pistons with said shafts, a plurality of
gears, a plurality of pinions of different diameters mounted on said shaft and
adapted to mesh with said gears.
8. In an engine, an inclosing casing, a plurality of cylinders, a valve-chest
intermediate of said cylinders and in communication therewith, aligning valves
in said chest, crank-shafts rotatably mounted and having their bearings in said
casing, connections common to said crank-shafts, pistons and valves, a plurality
of pinions mounted on each of said crank-shafts, and revolving in unison there-
with, a plurality of gears meshing with said pinions, and a plurality of spindles
rotatably mounted in said casing.
9. In an engine, an inclosing casing, a chamber supported thereon in which
the motive fluid is initially received, an inlet for said fluid, a seat or passage
extending transversely to said inlet, a throttle-valve longitudinally movable in
said passage past said opening, a spring for retaining said throttle-valve in
position, means for actuating said valve from the exterior, a plurality of cylinders
located in said casing, a plurality of pistons in each of said cylinders, a valve-chest
adjacent the latter and communicating therewith, a plurality of valves in said
chest, means for operating said valves, crank-shafts rotatably mounted in said
casing, and means for transmitting power from said shafts to a drill or tool.
10. In an engine, a plurality of cylinders, a plurality of pistons in each
cylinder, valves for controlling said pistons, a plurality of main gears of varying
diameters, rotatably supported in proximity to said cylinders, a plurality of crank-
shafts, means for effecting the rotation of said shafts by the reciprocation of said
pistons, a plurality of pinions of different diameters mounted upon each of said
shafts and rotating in unison therewith, said pinions meshing with said gears and
spindles actuated by the latter, said spindles rotating simultaneously and at
different speeds.
11. In an engine, the combination of a plurality of cylinders, a plurality of
pistons in each cylinder, a valve-chest intermediate of said cylinders and in
communication therewith, a plurality of valves in said chest, said valves being
located in each end thereof, a chamber located above said chest, an inlet for the
motive fluid leading into said chamber, a passage extending transversely to said
inlet, a throttle-valve consisting of a plug movable in said passage and adapted to

page_text: be moved past said inlet so as to wholly or partially close the latter, a spring for
holding said throttle-valve in position, means for operating said valve from the
exterior, a main gear rotatably supported in proximity to said cylinders, a
plurality of crank-shafts, means for rotating the same by the reciprocation of
said pistons and mechanism operated by said shafts for rotating said main gear.
12. In an engine, the combination of an enclosing casing, crank-shafts rotatably
mounted in said casing, a plurality of cylinders in the latter-pistons in said
cylinders actuated by fluid pressure, valves for controlling the movement of said
pistons, a valve-chest for said valves, a chamber located adjacent said valve-chest
in which the motive fluid is initially received, a throtle-valve of the piston type,
adapted to reciprocate in said chamber for enabling the operator to gradually
admit the motive fluid to said cylinders, pinions on said shafts, a main gear
rotatably supported in said casing and meshing with said pinions, a main gear
bushing, a thrust washer, a stud against which said bushing and washer are
adapted to contact, and means for operating said valves.
Dated this 10th day of May 1898.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., Agents for the Applicant.
•