matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE STOVE SCREEN FRAMES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Faudel Phillips at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th February 1881.
GEORGE. FÁUDEL PHILLIPS, of the Firm of Faudel Phillips & Sons, 36/40,
Newgate Street, in the City of London, Warehousemen. "IMPROVEMENTS IN FIRE
STOVE SCREEN FRAMES."
The object of my Invention is the construction and arrangement of fire stove
screen frames, telescopic or not, to facilitate the curtain or screens proper to be
raised with a portion of the frame to the desired height.
For the purposes of my Invention I form square or other shaped feet or bases
(ornamental or of plain design) upon or to which I screw or otherwise secure
upright bars or pillars, solid or hollow; if hollow they may serve as guides and as
supports for other bars or pillars, which can be moved up or down to suit the
varying heights of stoves before which the screens have to be placed.
The upper portion of the base pillars have a transverse bar or rod, hollow or
solid, as a stay or tie bar, and upon which curtains or screens may be hung to
slide or as a fixture, said transverse bar or rod being used alone or in combination
with an additional stay or tie bar above or below the first mentioned bar.
Diagonal bars may be affixed, and in some cases horizontal tubes or bars are
arranged to be slid in and out from the transverse tubes in order that the width of
the screens may be increased or diminished at pleasure.
A TABLE WHICH WHEN OPEN FORMS A DRESSING TABLE & WASHSTAND, WITH LOOKING GLASS, TOWEL RAILS, AND ALL NECESSARY FITTINGS READY FOR USE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Lloyd at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th March 1881.
ALFRED LLOYD, of 82, Charlotte Street, Fitzroy Sqr., W. "A TABLE WHICH
WHEN OPEN FORMS A DRESSING TABLE & WASHSTAND, WITH LOOKING GLASS,
TOWEL RAILS, AND ALL NECESSARY FITTINGS READY FOR USE."
The table when closed has the appearance of an ordinary table, as (A) in annexed
Drawing, the top working on hinges attached to the back frame, and when open,
as (B), forms a dressing table, by (a fixed) shelf being attached to top, as (C), and
glass, as (D), glass slipping into a rabbet or frame of some kind, as (E); the top
of table when open to be kept up by jointed arm, as (F); on each end of stand of
table are attached (by fancy brackets) a towel rail, as (G); the inside (or well) of
table to be fitted with washing basin, as (H); water can, as (I); soap dish, as (J);
sponge dish, as (K); water bottle, as (L); water glass, as (M); & tooth brush
tray, as (N). I also maintain the right to make the table in any shape or size,
and to fit the stand (or well) with less or additional fittings, and for the said
fittings to be differently arranged, if required, providing the action of the top &
fittings are to the same purpose.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Leeming at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 5th October 1881.
JOHN LEEMING, of Bradford, in the County of York, Machine Maker. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates to improved apparatus for reversing the motion of the
loom by power for finding the broken pick or other requirement; apparatus for
purpose aforesaid constructed according to this my said Invention consists of a
"she" or grooved pulley keyed fast on the tappet shaft, a like grooved pulley
attached to or forming part of the ordinary loose belt pulley on the crank shaft,
and a "he" or pulley, the rim of which fits (when in action) into the grooves of
the two pulleys referred to. The "he" pulley is mounted on a lever or slide bar
provided with a handle and convenient position, that the weaver when requiring
to reverse the motion of the loom will, first by foot lever and connections, put the
picking mechanism out of gear and then apply the "he" pulley, whercon the
motion of the loom will be reversed so long as the three pulleys referred to are in
contact.
In order to provide against the said reversing pulleys being used or applied
until the picking motion has first been properly put out of gear, an arm is attached
to the treadle of the picking motion, which intervenes and prevents movement of
the "he" pulley until the foot lover is operated, and the reversing apparatus herein
described may be used.
The apparatus herein described does not require more than two driving pulleys,
that is to say, a fast pulley and a loose pulley.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISCHARGING CONDENSED WATER FROM STEAM PIPES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Hugh Gearing Grant at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th April 1881. A communication
from abroad by Emile Briart, of Jeumont, in the Republic of France.
-
HUGH GEARING GRANT, of the Firm of Messrs. Bosshardt and Grant, Patent
Agents, of 24, Bull's Head Chambers, Hopwood Avenue, Market Place, Manchester,
in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR DISCHARGING
CONDENSED WATER FROM STEAM PIPES." A communication from abroad by Emile
Briart, of Jeumont, in the Republic of France.
The Invention relates to improvements in steam traps or apparatus for
discharging condensed water from steam pipes, and consists in the employment of
a hollow metal ball suitably mounted and arranged to open and close a valve
through which the condensed water escapes. A weight is placed on the other end
of the lever carrying the ball, and acts to counterbalance the hollow metal ball.
The said lever carrying the hollow metal ball is carried by a foundation framing.
The hollow metal ball is in communication with the steam inlet pipe, and any
water condensed in the pipe flows into the hollow metal ball, which then rocks on
its fulcrum and opens the said valve, and the steam blows out the water collected
therein. The valve seat is lined with india rubber to ensure a tight joint to
prevent the water returning. The hollow ball will always be in communication
with the steam pipe and will not require any attention, it being automatic in its
action.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS USED FOR THE PRINTING AND TREATING OF CLOTHS, PAPER, AND OTHER FABRICS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joshua Bardsley at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 9th September 1881.
JOSHUA BARDSLEY, Manager for John Henry Garlside, of 52, Fountain Street,
Manchester, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROLLERS USED FOR
THE PRINTING AND TREATING OF CLOTHS, PAPER, AND OTHER FABRICS."
My Invention relates to rollers used for the printing and treatment of cloths,
paper, and other fabrics, and consists in forming such rollers of glass or other
similar vitreous material instead of forming them of brass, copper, or iron, as
heretofore.
Such glass or vitreous rollers aforesaid may be formed by casting, blowing, or in
any other known manner, after which they may if desired be toughened by means
of any ordinary known process.
The surface of the said roller I make true and smooth by grinding or by any
other like means.
I form a "pattern" on the surface of the aforesaid rollers by any ordinary means
of engraving, or I coat the surface of the said rollers with wax or other suitable
material, through which I cut the desired pattern, either by engraving by hand or
by means of a "mill," or by the pantograph process. I then etch the said roller
by means of hydrofluoric acid or other known acid that will act upon the glass or
other vitreous material of which the aforesaid roller is composed.
A NEW OR IMPROVED COMBINED HYDROSTATIC STEAM GOVERNOR FOR MARINE ENGINES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James George Galley and Thomas
Smith at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 8th January
1881.
JAMES GEORGE GALLEY, of Plaistow, in the County of Essex, Engineer, and
THOMAS SMITH, Engineer, of Railway Approach, London Bridge, in the County of
Surrey. "A NEW OR IMPROVED COMBINED HYDROSTATIC STEAM GOVERNOR FOR
MARINE ENGINES."
The object of this Invention is to control and regulate the speed of marine engines
at sea and prevent racing caused by the water leaving the screw or paddle.
This
The method we adopt is by means of a pipe connection with the stern of screw
ships, and amidships with ships propelled by paddles, and directly communicating
with an elongating and contracting cylinder placed in the engine room.
cylinder is constructed of some pliable material on the same principle as a bellows,
to give motion to the slide valve of the steam cylinder, the action of the valve
being obtained from the bellows, which rise and fall according to the water level
surrounding the screw or paddle, and adjustable by means of a spring.
To suit the various drafts of vessels a cylinder is fitted with a piston and filled
with oil, which is driven from one end of the cylinder to the other, thereby forming
a cushion, and preventing sudden shocks and damage to the throttle valve spindle.
A fork lever is arranged to adjust the length of stroke suitable for closing the
throttle valve. The communicating pipe is enlarged at the end where it is bolted
on to the bottom or side of the vessel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE EXTRACTION OF OLEOMARGARINE AND OTHER FATTY MATTERS FROM RAW BUTCHERS' FAT
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Richard Wheen, the younger, at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th September 1881.
RICHARD WHEEN, the younger, of the Firm of Richard Wheen and Sons, of
Deptford Creek, in the County of Kent. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE EXTRACTION OF
OLEOMARGARINE AND OTHER FATTY MATTERS FROM RAW BUTCHERS' FAT."
My Invention has for its object the extraction by pressure of oleomargarine and
other fats from raw butchers' fat without any previous melting as at present.
For this purpose I subject the raw butchers' fat, after proper disintegration, to
pressure in hydraulic or other presses under the influence of such a temperature as
will just cause the oleomargarine or other fatty matter that it is desired to obtain
to liquefy so as to be separated from the other constituents of the fat. Thus in
order to obtain oleomargarine from beef fat I first disintegrate the fat and place it
in bags or cloths between the plates of the press, which plates are warmed by the
circulation of warm water through them at a temperature of about 90° Fahr., by
which means the oleomargarine is liquefied and flows out under pressure, the
stearine remaining in a solid state with the tissues in the bags.
By this improved method of extraction, the oleomargarine is obtained at a
considerably lower temperature than has hitherto been possible under the existing
system of melting, and a correspondingly improved product is obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS' DAVITS AND APPARATUS FOR DISENGAGING SHIPS' BOATS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Barclay Ury Henarky John
Duncan at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 22nd October
1881.
ROBERT BARCLAY URY HENARKY JOHN DUNCAN, of 35, Sparkenhoe Street,
Leicester, Ship Builder. IMPROVEMENTS IN SHIPS' DAVITS AND APPARATUS
FOR DISENGAGING SHIPS' BOATS."
This Invention has for its object improvements in ships' davits and apparatus
for disengaging ships' boats.
I construct ships' davits with a single stem or column carrying two or more
heads or necks springing from the top of the stemn or column; the davit is fixed to
the ship in the ordinary manner, and by simply turning it round the boat is swung
outboard ready for lowering. The two, three, or more heads or necks start from
the top of the main stem or column, which can be constructed as a single stem, or
two or more grouped together into one column. This davit can be made to revolve
by bevilled wheels, pawls, or other gear, or the boat may be turned by hand with-
out the use of gear.
The upper part of the davit may if desired be made to revolve upon a fixed
column, and the two parts may be arranged telescopically to admit of the heads of
the davit being raised to lift the boat out of the chocks; or by other means the
davit or the upper part thereof may be made to rise to lift the boat from the
chocka.
The heads or necks of the davits can be constructed with rods or chains to give
extra stability if required.
The heads or necks of the davits are made of a length and width suitable to the
size of the boats it is intended to carry, and so arranged that the boat is suspended
from its strongest parts, by preference, one third or fourth part of the length of the
boat from each end, and there may in addition be a centre attachment, thereby
preventing the boat from the danger of breaking its back, which now often occurs
when the boats are suspended from points near the ends by the ordinary pair of
davits.
The ordinary means now in use for lowering the boats can be used, the cheek
blocks or fair leads can be fixed on the main stem or column of the davit, also the
Prins 31

page_text: usual chain guys, blocks, &c., can be used in the ordinary manner. The means for
connecting and disengaging the boat after it is lowered are as follows:-There is a
rod with a bolt at each end and at the centre also if required; this rod and bolts
are carried in the boat either on the top of the seats or the bottom of the boat.
The bolts pass through two double eye bolts. The lower block of the lowering
tackle has an eye which passes between the double eye bolts. The bolts are by a
movement of the rod passed into the eyes of the tackles and fastened by a pin to
lock the bolt. When the boat is required to be disengaged the pin is withdrawn
and the bolts drawn simultaneously from the eyes of the lowering tackles, the rod
being moved longitudinally by a handle or lever. The boat is thus immediately
released or disengaged.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION AND USE OF MOVEABLE WINDOW SHOW CASES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Laws at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 11th July 1881.
ROBERT LAWS, of No. 23, Shore Road, Hackney, in the County of Middlesex,
Coal Merchant. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION AND USE
OF MOVEABLE WINDOW SHOW CASES."
The construction of moveable show cases for shop and other windows, such
cases to be wholly or partially enclosed, and to occupy the whole window space or
part thereof; the show cases being moveable back from the windows on rollers or
on wheels running in a groove or tramway, and to be so constructed or not as
to be either wholly or partially turned round on a pivot, the object being that such
cases when drawn back or turned round may be filled, altered, or emptied from the
front, the advantage being that the operator will have the case in front of him in
the same way as the public in looking in at the shop or other window, and will
tbus be the better able to fill the window to advantage for show, the present
practice being to fill shop windows from the back, and this renders necessary
the operator frequently going into the street to see whether the articles he is
putting into the window are placed regularly and in order for show.
The accompanying Drawings represent the construction and mode of working
the Invention. Figure 1 represents the case moved back from the window, and
the mode in which the front of it can be used for the purpose of being filled, altered,
or emptied; it also represents the way in which the shop counter (if used for
shops) may be altered or removed to enable the show case to be moved or drawn
back from the window.
Figure 2 represents the case returned to the window, and the way in which the
counter will be replaced for use.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE STARTING OF TRAM CARS AND OTHER WHEELED VEHICLES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Brandon White and Bernard
Zieschang at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th November
1881.
HENRY BRANDON WHITE and BERNARD ZIESCHANG, both of the Small Arms
Factory, Duncan Street, Whitechapel, in the County of Middlesex. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE STARTING OF TRAM CARS AND OTHER
WHEELED VEHICLES."
This Invention has for its object the overcoming the vis inertia when starting
tram cars or other heavily loaded wheeled vehicles, and consists generally in
applying the draught of the horses or motive power engines employed direct
to the peripheries of one or more of the wheels of the vehicle.
For this purpose it
is proposed to employ a draw bar or frame capable of sliding freely in either
direction under the action of the motive power within the main framing of the
vehicle. To this sliding draw har or frame are hinged one or more levers which
engage at their free ends with teeth or notches formed in the circumference of one
or more of the running wheels, so that when the draw bar or frame is acted upon
the said lever or levers will exert a strain directly upon the circumference or
circumferences of one or more of the said wheels, and thereby greatly facilitate the
starting of the vehicle. After having been thus started the draw bar or frame
transfers its tractive strain direct to the body of the main framing of the vehicle,
and so soon as the tractive strain on the draw bar or frame is removed it is
restored with its lever or levers to its orginal position again ready for starting by
the action of springs or their mechanical equivalent. In vehicles which are required
to travel to and fro in both directions, the said draw bar or frame with its lever or
levers is so arranged as to operate upon any one or more of the wheels in either
direction, an inclined surface or other suitable provision being made for holding
the levers out of action during the ordinary running of the vehicle. If desired, a
special starting wheel may be mounted on either or both the axles inside the
running wheels to be operated upon in the manner above described.
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF POCKET-KNIFE
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Roe at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 30th May 1881.
GEORGE ROE, of Roserea, in the County of Tipperary, Ireland, Gentleman.
IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF POCKET-KNIFE."
" AN
My Invention is designed to produce a pocket-knife, the main blade of which
cannot open by accident, but may readily be opened and closed at the will of the
operator in an easy and simple manner, and while fully open cannot recoil so long
as the bandle is grasped in the hand.
For this purpose I arrange a lever of similar length to and outside the ordinary
knife case, which lever swings on the pivot carrying the main blade, and on the said
pivot between the lever and knife case is keyed a cam, with which a spud or pin
provided on the interior of the lever engages when it is desired to open or close
the blade.
In order to open the knife fully the lever is caused to make a complete
revolution, and in doing so engages with the cam above described (through the
intervention of the spud or pin referred to), carrying round the blade to a position
in line with the handle; and while the blade is thus exposed, the lever will lie
parallel with the knife case, forming part of the handle, and preventing any
recoil of the blade so long as the handle is grasped in the hand.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF NAILS
Year: 1881

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Woolley Summers, of Stalybridge, in the County
of Lancaster, for an Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION
OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF NAILS."
"
(Void by reason of the Patentee having neglected to file a Specification in
pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent.)
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Woolley Summers
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd December 1881.
JAMES WOOLLEY SUMMERS of Stalybridge in the County of Lancaster.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINERY OR APPARATUS FOR THE
MANUFACTURE OF NAILS."
This Invention relates to improvements in machinery or apparatus for the
manufacture of nails known in the trade as "cut nails" the object being to feed
the machine with the metal plate or strip from which the nails are to be cut, by
self acting mechanism instead of being fed by hand as hitherto.
The Invention consists in causing the tube or barrel through which the clamp
carrying the plate or strip of metal passes to have an intermittent rotary motion
imparted to it by means of a star wheel and a train of gearing from a shaft
beneath, which shaft is actuated in its turn from the main driving pulley of the
machine.
The tube or barrel is mounted in bearings on a bed plate in front of the
machine and is provided with a pinion at or near one end which is driven by a
spur wheel beneath.
This spur wheel has a star wheel cast or otherwise secured to the face thereof
which star wheel is operated upon by studs or projections on a disc keyed on the
end of, and driven by, the driving shaft before mentioned.
By the use of this star wheel a certain "dwell" is given to the metal plate, at
each half revolution of the tube or barrel whilst the cut is made at the same time
that it has an intermittent revolving motion imparted to it in one direction only

page_text: instead of being turned over from right to left and back again alternately by hand
as hitherto.
Or the tube or barrel may have this alternate circular motion imparted to it by
self acting mechanism instead of the intermittent rotary motion.
There is also an arrangement for feeding or pressing the clamp down the tube
whereby the plate has a positive feed and "pull back" motion given to it, instead
of being pressed down by weights and cords, and which enables the plate to
"clear" the cutters after each cut instead of being forced away by the friction of
the cutter blade after each cut as usual.
This is effected by fixing on a bracket a "presser" which bears against the end
of the clamp rod in the tube.
This presser is actuated by a link and lever connected thereto and worked by a
grooved cam fixed on the end of the bottom driving shaft.
IMPROVEMENTS CONNECTED WITH THE HEEL PORTION OF BOOTS AND SHOES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Reid at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 24th November 1881.
WILLIAN REID, of 10, Dowry Parade, Hotwells, Bristol, in the County of
Gloucester. "IMPROVEMENTS CONNECTED WITH THE HEEL PORTION OF BOOTS AND
SHOES."
The object of my Invention is mainly to improve the appearance of boots and shoes
while in wear, and consists in providing an inner lining heel on which the foot can
rest, and the heel be lifted within the boot or shoe itself instead of the heel
being built up on the outside as at present, said lining heel may be if desired in
conjunction with a low outside heel.
proper
In conjunction with my inside heel I make the back upper leather and the
stiffeners of greater height, and I curve the front portion of the back leather and
arrange such curved front portion with the front upper leather as to present a high
instep, which gives an improved appearance to the boot or shoe without putting
excessive strain upon the "arch" of the foot or producing cramp in the toes of the
wearer.
IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Thompson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 16th November 1881.
JOSEPH THOMPSON, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster. " IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention relates firstly, to, an arrangement of apparatus which can be
readily placed in or out of gear when required for the purpose of lifting the "taking-
up-catch" every alternate beat of the slay, so as to give a double thickness or solidity
when beating or knocking up the headings or cross borders in woven fabrics.
This part of the Invention consists in the application of a small jointed lever or
pin to the front catch-rod of the loom in such a manner that when placed in
working position it is acted upon by each vibration of the weft-hammer, and by
these means the taking up catch only acts at each alternate beat of the slay, and
thus the heading is woven twice as solid as the body of the cloth.
The second part of the Invention relates to the apparatus for letting-off the yarn
from tlie yarn beam, the object of the Invention being to cause the strain or
tension upon the yarn to be always the same, notwithstanding the diameter of the
yarn beam decreases as the weaving proceeds.
The yarn in passing from the beam is carried over a small tension rod which is
supported at each end by the upper arm of a bell crank lever pivotted on the axis
of the yarn beam.
To the other or horizontal arm of the lever is hung a weight
which causes a certain amount of tension on the yarn.
The friction rope or chain passes round the end of the yarn beam in the usual
manner, one end being fastened by a spring to a fixed point on the loom and the
other being attached to the upper arm of the bell crank lever above mentioned.
The result of the arrangement is that as the tension rod is always the same
distance from the axis, the weight or tension on the yarn is always constant and as
the weaving proceeds it raises the tension rod slightly, thereby causing the bell crank
lever to slacken the friction rope or chain and let off the yarn: The consequent
slackening of the yarn is immediately taken up by the falling of the weight, which
at the same time tightens again the friction rope or chain on the end of the beam,
and thus the tension of the yarn is always kept uniform from the commencement
to the end of the beam.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLE AND TRICYCLE VELOCIPEDES.
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alphonse Lafargue at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th December 1881.
ALPHONSE LAFARGUE of Kensington in the County of Middlesex Engineer.
"IMPROVEMENTS IN BICYCLE AND TRICYCLE VELOCIPEDES.'
"
The object of the first part of my Invention is to convert the present bicycle (at
will) into a tricycle.
This I propose to do by providing an arrangement of mechanism by which the
trail wheel can be divided into two wheels (revolving separate) and so making a
tricycle which will stand upon three wheels erect when at rest.
This result is obtained by providing a telescopic trail wheel axle fixed into or
connected with an expanding forked frame with levers actuated by a rod which
passes down the hollow backbone (or otherwise) of the bicycle. This apparatus is
actuated by a lever close within reach of the rider's saddle at front.
Thus the rider can when starting to move place the two trail wheels together
and so form a bicycle or when stopping set apart or separate these two trail wheels
and form a tricycle which will stand erect when at rest a result long desired but
not attainable with the present bicycles.
This part of my improvements is applicable at little expense to existing bicycles.
Another part of my improvements relates to the arrangement and construction
of a new form of saddle in order to obviate the inconvenience of the present form
which is rigid and does not adjust itself to the varied angles of the leg when rising
and falling with the treadle or crank. I accomplish this by forming the saddle in
two halves or parts right and left placing these portions each upon a spindle and
so arranging them that the halves shall vibrato upon said spindle to suit the
inclination of the leg and so save much power and prevent fatigue to the rider.
This spindle is bolted across the spring and to it is attached a board upon wbich
is secured an india rubber atınospheric cushion.
Another part of my Invention relates to the construction of an improved india
rubber stirrup or treadle consisting of an atmospheric double pad fixed upon the
spindle of the stirrup or treadle which revolves on it and acts as a cushion to
prevent vibration being transmitted to the foot and leg and so preventing much
fatigue to the rider which the present rigid stirrup or treadle occasions.
CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BELT CLASPS OR FASTENINGS, WHICH FASTENINGS ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER ARTICLES OF DRESS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Joseph Hughes Cofield at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 30th November 1881.
JOSEPH HUGHES COFIELD, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick.
"CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN BELT CLASPS OR FASTENINGS, WHICH FASTENINGS
ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER ARTICLES OF DRESS."
My Invention relates to improvements in the construction of fastenings or clasps
chiefly applied to belts, waistbands, and other articles of dress.
I adopt the clasp proper of any shape or configuration now employed, the front
of which is ornamented with any suitable design, or it may be plain; this front
may be described as a metallic shell, and into which a back plate is secured, to the
one side of which is a loop, and one end of the belt or band is affixed thereto in
the usual way; centrally or approaching thereto is a piercing or aperture, in form
resembling the letter T (but I may employ other forms to meet the purpose herein
after described) a second part is constructed with a loop, to which is affixed the
other end of the belt or band, this loop has a projecting piece corresponding in
form to the piercing or aperture before described.
When applying this Invention to its purpose, the latter part or projecting pieco
is placed at a right angle to the piercing and then adjusted therein, a simple but
secure fastening being thus obtained, the action reversed releases the same; the
projecting piece being indented admits the two parts lying in close proximity to
each other, giving ease or comfort to the wearer.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRICAL BATH APPA- RATUS TO BE USED FOR THE APPLICATION OF ELECTRICITY TO HORSES AND OTHER ANIMALS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Harris Lake at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 20th September 1881. A communi-
cation from abroad by Basile Barda, of Vienna, Austria, Doctor of Medicine.
HENRY HARRIS LAKE, of the Firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co., Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, London. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ELECTRICAL BATH APPA-
RATUS TO BE USED FOR THE APPLICATION OF ELECTRICITY TO HORSES AND
OTHER ANIMALS." [A communication from abroad by Basile Barda, of Vienna,
Austria, Doctor of Medicine.]
The object of the present Invention is to provide such modifications in the
electro magnetic bath apparatus described in the Specification of former Letters
Patent dated 14th March, A.D. 1881, No. 1107, as will enable the same to be
advantageously employed for animals and especially for horses, and in the accom-
panying Drawing I have represented as an example a plan or top view of the
apparatus, constructed according to my present Invention for the purpose above
mentioned. The arrangement of the apparatus will be varied according to the
nature of the different animals to be treated thereby, as will be well understood.
The apparatus represented in the Drawing is designed for the treatment of horses,
and by means of the same I am enabled to localize the electric current upon each
part of the body of a horse, with any desired power, and in a graduated or pro-
gressive and continuous manner. The said apparatus comprises a reservoir a,
made of wood or of any other suitable material which is not a conductor of electricity,
the said reservoir being of such dimensions as will be suitable for the animal to be
treated therein.
The said reservoir is provided with the necessary devices for the supply and
escape of the water, and its mechanical construction is in principle similar to that
of the apparatus described in the said former Specification. There is however this
important difference, viz., that the apparatus constructed according to the present
Invention is constructed and arranged chiefly to direct the electric current to the
two fore legs, the two near or hind legs, and the back bone or spine. This con-
struction and arrangement will be clearly understood by reference to the Drawing
without further description. The electric current may however be directed if
desired to any other part of the body.
The said bath apparatus is mounted upon feet b, shown in dotted lines.
NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HOLDING PRESSED GOODS OR MATERIALS DURING THE OPERATION OF BALING OR FASTENING PRESSED BALES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry James Coles at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th March 1881.
HENRY JAMES COLES, of Sumner Street, Southwark, in the County of Surrey,
Engineer. "NEW OR IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR HOLDING PRESSED GOODS OR
MATERIALS DURING THE OPERATION OF BALING OR FASTENING PRESSED BALES."
My Invention relates to the construction and application of an apparatus for
holding goods, during the operation of baling, which have been pressed by hydraulic
or other pressure.
»
Instead of the ordinary baling strips usually fixed to the top casting of presses,
I employ a "false top of oak or other suitable material, running on rails or
hinged on the columns of press or otherwise carried, so that it may be easily run
under the top casting or removed therefrom. To this false top are attached one or
more links, rods, catches, or hydraulic retaining cylinders provided with catches,
or otherwise so arranged that when the goods are pressed they may engage with a
false bottom" placed between the goods and the follower or rising table of the
press, and be adjusted to the required length by means of one or more cams,
wedges, screws, or hydraulic retaining apparatus.
"
The application of this apparatus is as follows:-Before commencing the
operation of pressing, the "false top" with its appendages described above is run
into position under the top casting of the press, and a false bottom placed on top
of the follower or rising table of the press, or where boxes are used in the bottom
of the box. The goods to be pressed are then introduced, and the operation of
pressing carried on; as soon as the goods are pressed to the required dimensions,
the links or other mechanism attached to the "false top" are engaged with the
"false bottom (the box, if any, being first run out) and adjusted by means of the
cams or other appliances above mentioned; the follower can then be lowered
immediately, and the apparatus enclosing the pressed goods removed for baling.
This operation being completed the bale is released by disengaging the cams or
other appliances.
"
By means of these improvements great economy in
goods, such as hay, grass, cotton, jute, wool, hides, and
the operations of pressing
other materials, as instead

page_text: of baling and fastening the same in the press as is usually done, they are removed
immediately they are pressed and baled elsewhere, thus allowing the follower to be
lowered and another charge introduced much sooner than would otherwise be the
case.
For presses working downwards the apparatus may be inverted, and can also be 5
adapted to horizontal presses.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Arthur James Hamilton Smythe at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 28th May 1881.
ARTHUR JAMES HAMILTON SMYTHE, of Athlone, Ireland. * IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS."
My Invention relates to the use of sleepers composed of steel or iron plates,
trough shaped in section, and stiffenened with cement, concrete, or timber, which
sleepers are placed between the rails at intervals, also to the use of steel or iron
plates placed outside the rails, the outside plates, the rails, and the sleepers, being
fastened together by means of the bolts passing through the webs of the rails.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND MEANS FOR UNITING GAS, WATER, AND OTHER PIPES OR TUBES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Thomas Sugg at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 7th April 1881.
WILLIAM THOMAS SUGG, of Vincent Street, in the City of Westminster,
Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OF AND MEANS FOR UNITING GAS,
WATER, AND OTHER PIPES OR TUBES."
This Invention relates more particularly to the uniting or joining together of
lengths of pipe or tube in which gases or liquids at high pressure are to be
conveyed, the object being to provide a firm and tight joint without the use of
solder or packing of any kind.
In carrying out my Invention the ends of the pipes to be joined are gripped
between an internal ring or thimble and two external rings or sockets, which are
drawn together and secured by screws or bolts and nuts, The external rings or
sockets are formed with a flange externally, and are slightly conical internally.
One of these rings or sockets is placed outside each length of pipe or tube to be
united, and they are secured together by two or more screws which are passed
through the flanges. The thimble or internal ring I form of lead or other soft
metal, with a core of hard metal. This thimble is tapered off externally to
correspond with coned portions of the outside rings or sockets.
In applying the Invention to lead pipes, I first place a ring or socket on
the ends of both the lengths to be joined. By means of a wooden cone I slightly
expand the ends of the pipes; I then place the two ends of the pipes together
(having first inserted the thimble), and bring together the two flanged rings or
sockets, which will be secured together or tightened up by screws as before
mentioned. The effect of the tightening up of these flanged rings will be to jam
the ends of the pipe against the thimble inside, and thereby form a perfectly firm
fluid.tight joint.
The means above described of uniting lengths of pipe or tube are also applicable
to india rubber tube, and to soft metal tubing of all kinds.
In applying the Invention to iron pipes, I prefer to form the lengths of pipe with
conical flanged ends. The mode of securing the ends together and making the joint
tight being the same as that described above.
The thimble or internal ring may be provided circumferentially with a rib or

page_text: flange which will be gripped between the flanged rings or sockets, whereby the
thimble will be held firmly in place.
I propose that the rings and thimbles shall be sold together in sizes to fit all
pipes, so that any one will be able to repair a burst pipe and without the assistance
of a plumber.
In laying long lengths of iron pipes in subways or places where the pipes are
exposed to variations of temperature, I propose to place at intervals an elastic joint
which will allow for expansion and contraction.
IN CRANE, PORTABLE, OR TRACTION ENGINES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Backhouse at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 25th February 1881.
JAMES BACKHOUSE, of Whitchurch, in the County of Hants.
IN CRANE, PORTABLE, OR TRACTION ENGINES."
"IMPROVEMENTS
My Invention relates to what are known as crane, portable, or traction engines,
that is to say, engines having a crane combined therewith; and my Invention has
reference to an improved mode of combining a swing crane with a portable or
traction engine, whereby I secure advantages not heretofore attainable in engines
of this description.
According to my Invention I make the funnel of the engine the main support for
the crane, either by utilizing the funnel as the crane post or axis, around which
the crane turns, or by carrying the crane on pivots supported by the funnel. When
the funnel is utilized as the crane post, I support the jib at its lower end by one
or more friction rollers fitted at the foot thereof so as to be capable of turning
around the funnel or root of the chimney suitably shaped for the purpose, and I
support the jib at its upper end by a bar or bars extending from and encircling or
partially encircling the upper part of the funnel or a bracket attached thereto, in
such a manner as to admit of the jib turning freely on its axis around the funnel.
The bracket at the upper part of the funnel carries a pulley, over which passes a
chain from the winding drum of the crane; this chain is guided between two
rollers, which are supported by the same or another bracket inside the upper part
of the funnel in such a manner as to ensure that the chain shall always maintain
the same position relatively to the axis of the crane in whatever radial position the
jib of the crane may be placed. The jib is made hollow and in sections, fitted
together telescopically so as to admit of the extension of the jib, if required. In
order to facilitate the operation of swinging the jib from the foot plate of the
engine, I provide an attachment to the lower portion of the jib and connect the
same by chain gearing or other means of transmitting motion with a hand wheel
or other suitable contrivance which may be arranged in any position convenient
for operating the same. The funnel may if necessary be strengthened by tie rods
connected with the boiler, or side brackets, or smoke box.
It will be obvious that when the funnel is made to form the axis around which

page_text: the crane turns, I am enabled to slew the crane round to the extent of half a
revolution so as to bring it over the top of the boiler which is a more convenient
position for travelling.
In lieu of the funnel forming the crane post or axis, the jib may be carried on
pivots supported from the funnel in front at the top and bottom thereof, the funnel
in this case also constituting the main support for the crane.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF WIRE OR WIRE ROPE, OR RODS, OR BARS, FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CATTLE OR OTHER FENCES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edwin Fox at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents on the 18th May 1881.
EDWIN Fox, of Millwall, in the County of Middlesex, Telegraph Wire
Manufacturer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION OF WIRE OR WIRE ROPE,
OR RODS, OR BARS, FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CATTLE OR OTHER
FENCES."
•
The improvements have reference to means of applying barbs or points or other
projections at intervals on wire, wire rope, or rods or bars, to be used in the
inanufacture of cattle or other fences.
Heretofore such projections have been applied to wire rope for fence purposes by
bending short lengths of wire on the wire rope at intervals desired, or by having
pieces of metal split to form the barbs and closing them upon the wire with the
ends projecting and formed pointed so as materially to assist in preventing injurious
passage through or over fences formed of such barbed or pointed wire rope, but
such method of applying these barbs or points is found defective through want of
rigidity.
And the object of my Invention is to give greater security to such barbs or
points or projections.
For this purpose I form each barb or point or other projection of two pieces of
metal, or one piece folded, one part onto the other, so that the wires, wire ropes,
rods, or bars, to which the points or barbs or other projections are to be applied is
between the two pieces of metal when they are welded, and I heat such pieces to a
welding heat and on applying them at the positions desired, I cause the parts to be
welded together by hammer or squeezing pressure by dies, and by cutting or by
means of such dies I give the desired form to such projections.
For this purpose any convenient number of wires, wire ropes, or rods or bars, to
which the points or barbs or other projections are to be applied are conducted at
the same time by suitable guide rollers to the compressing surfaces which may be
made to do the cutting operation as well, and to the cutting or other surfaces if
this is done separately to give form to the projections, and in their passage the dies
[Price 2d.1

page_text: and cutters to form the barbs, points, or other projections, are applied so that the
wire, wire rope, or rod or bar, as it passes away will have the barbs, points, or
other projections firmly applied to it, and may then be galvanized or otherwise
treated as desired.
The guide rollers are made to revolve automatically by means of a ratchet wheel, 5
or otherwise, at each stroke of the machine, so as to feed the machine with the
wires, wire ropes, or rods or bars to be barbed, and so that the barbs may always,
after the machine is once set, be at a corresponding distance from each other.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PISTONS FOR STEAM AND OTHER ENGINES
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Hermann Felix Engel
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th September 1881.
A communication from Carl Anton Zirn, Engineer, of Hamburg, in the
German Empire.
"
FRIEDRICH HERMANN FELIX ENGEL, Civil Engineer and Patent Agent, in
the City of Hamburg, Germany. IMPROVEMENTS IN PISTONS FOR STEAM AND
OTHER ENGINES." A communication from Carl Anton Zirn, Engineer, of
Hamburg, in the German Empire.
These improvements relate to metallic pistons furnished with ring packing for
steam and other engines, and consists mainly of a novel mode of attaching the
rings to the body of the piston. The body of the piston is formed with a projecting
circular rim at its central outer circumference, which rim fits the boring or diameter
of the cylinder. Above as well as below this central rim an annular circular recess or
groove is turned into the piston-body, and vertical openings, preferably four (or
more or less), are formed between the outer end faces of the body and the grooves
aforesaid.
The rings which are otherwise of common and known construction are each at
one inner end furnished with projecting-arms or cams that communicate in number
and shape to the above described openings of the piston body, and one such ring
is from each outer end placed over the piston-body by passing the projections
through the openings until the rings rest upon or against the central projecting rim of
the piston body. The rings are then by hand turned for about 20 degrees of a circle
(or more or less) according to the number of openings, in consequence of which the
projecting cams of the rings catch underneath or behind those parts of the body
forming the outer faces of the circular grooves, and are by these parts kept to the
piston-body.
NEW OR IMPROVED MEANS TO BE EMPLOYED IN TEACHING CHILDREN THE LETTERS OF THE ALPHABET
Year: 1881

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Charles Day at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 19th July 1881.
WILLIAM CHARLES DAY, of Bedford Square, in the County of Middlesex.
"NEW OR IMPROVED MEANS TO BE EMPLOYED IN TEACHING CHILDREN THE
LETTERS OF THE ALPHABET."
This Invention consists in new or improved means to be employed in teaching
children the letters of the alphabet, and it has for its object to render the task
interesting as well as instructive by necessitating the construction or building up
of each individual letter by the child from two or more pieces of wood or other
material cut into different forms.
The puzzle alphabet consists of 24 pieces of wood or other suitable material,
the largest being, say 21 inches, and the smallest 1/4 of an inch in length; five of
these are duplicates. They are ebonized, or may be colored on one side to resemble
the printed alphabet which accompanies them, and numbered on the reverse side
for reference to a key. In constructing the letters, the main piece, numbered 1, 2,
3, 4, and forming its base, is first placed according to the letter required in a
perpendicular, horizontal, or inclined position upon a flat surface, and the projecting
arms or curves which diverge therefrom are next added separately till the letter
is complete, the structure remaining in its proper position without dovetail joint or
any connection (as in dissected maps, &c.), thereby avoiding breakage and ensuring
simplicity. The formation of each letter being thus gradual, its construction as
well as its completest shape become impressed on the child's memory and greatly
facilitate its explanation to the teacher. The learner's attention is also centred in
the lesson to be acquired without being distracted therefrom by the colored
illustrations usually placed beside the letters in instruction books, &c., now in use.