Improvements connected with Gas Burners.
Year: 1890

page_text: Date of Application. 11th Feb. 1890-Accepted, 22nd Mar., 1890
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements connected with Gas Burners.
I, FRITZ DEIMEL, of Kommaudauterstrasse 50, Berlin in the German Empire,
Silver printer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
The Argand burners hitherto used, although furnishing a very bright flame,
consume too much gas in proportion to the illuminating power obtained. A further
defect of said burners consists in their flame being influenced by draughts, and
although their flame does not show the disagreeable vibration or flickering of slit
burner flames, still it is unsteady, as is evident by the continually changing formation
of points of flame which disagreeably affect the eye. Besides this an unpleasant
noise is audible while the flame burning.
The object of my invention is to remedy these defects, which I do by arranging the
burner so that the air for combustion is supplied to the flame without injuriously
affecting the quiet burning and the supply of air can be adjusted as may be required
for the width of the burner and glass cylinder used, and by regulating the supply of
gas by means of an improved governor adjusted partly mechanically and partly
automatically.
On the two sheets of drawings appended hereunto fig. 1 shows an Argand burner
with my improved air supply arrangement in elevation with sectioned hoop.
Fig. 2 a similar Argand burner with my improved air supply-regulating
appliance.
Fig. 3 a section along II fig. 1 and
Fig. 4 a section along II II fig. 2.
Fig. 5 a sectional elevation of the burner shewn on fig. 2 fitted with my improved
gas governor.
Fig. 6 a sectional elevation of the gas governor at a right angle to that shewn on
fig. 5.
Fig. 7 and 8 details of the governor.
The gas is conducted to the Argand burner A in the usual manner, so that air for
combustion is supplied to the inside of the flame as usual. The air required for the
outer flame, however, is not supplied directly through the slotted ring a but the latter
is surrounded by a jacket B in such a manner that the air ascending inside the jacket
from the bottom is distributed all round the ring a before passing through the latter
and thus surrounds the flame in a uniform current all round. For this purpose the
jacket B is attached airtight to the gallery a' and extended to below the burner
body A and closed at the bottom by wire gauze C, through the centre of which the
tapped socket of the burner passes. The jacket thus encloses a very narrow annular
space round the burner body A which can be exactly proportioned to that quantity of
air supply with which the flame possesses the greatest luminosity. This small
annular space equally with the lower opening for the admission of air to the inside of
the flame is covered by the wire gauze C. The air thus is already finely divided by
the gauze before reaching the burner, but by this alone the object of obtaining a
steady flame would not be secured, which is only done by means of the small annular
channel. In consequence of the large circumference of the burner body A compared
with that of the flame, a very small breadth of the annular channel affords a sufficient
area for the passage of the air required for the outside of the flame, for instance with
the size of burner represented on the drawing the necessary distance between the
body A and the jacket B is less than a thirty-second of an inch. If a one-sided
draught strikes the burner, the small passage admits a current of air only slightly
increased in proportion to the total quantity of air required, which becomes dis-
tributed in the upper enlarged space enclosed by the jacket and equalised by the

page_text: remainder of the air admitted. Although the total current of air passing to the flame
is thus increased by a draught, it is so uniformly distributed that the flame continues
to burn uniformly all round and appears cut off level at the top as shewn by
fig. 1.
As stated hereinbefore the width of the annular air passage between the burner A
and jacket B can be proportioned so as to admit exactly that quantity of air to the
outside of the flame which produces the greatest luminosity. This quantity, however,
does not depend solely upon the size of the burner but also very much upon the form
of the glass cylinder. If the width of the annular passage is for instance adjusted to
a burner with a straight glass cylinder as shewn by fig. 1 the flame at once loses in
luminosity and the consumption of gas increases, if instead thereof a bellied or con-
tracted glass cylinder is used. In consequence of this the arrangement shewn by fig. 1
and 3 is to some extent limited in its application, as different sizes of jackets will be
required not only for different sizes of burners, but for different kinds of cylinders
used with each such size. This inconvenience is remedied and all kinds of glass
cylinders are rendered applicable to one size of burner by the modified arrangement
shewn by figs. 2 and 4. The burner is arranged like that herein before described with
reference to figs. 1 and 3 except that the jacket B is formed with a series of slots all
round and a ring B' formed with exactly similar slots is placed round it, the wire
gauze being in this case attached to the outer ring B₁. The distance of the jacket B
from the burner body A is in this case adjusted to that kind of glass cylinder which
for the greatest luminosity of the flame requires the least quantity of air for the outside
of the flame. If another cylinder requiring a larger admission of air is to be used
with this burner, the slots in the jacket B are opened by turning the ring B¹ till the
flame reaches its greatest luminosity. Obviously the burner hereinbefore described
can also be used with the cylinders with admission of air from above lately come into
use, as by adjusting the ring B the quantity of air admitted from below can be exactly
proportioned to that admitted from above.
In order to obtain the complete noiselessness of the burner and greatest economy
in gas consumption, I use the arrangement of regulator or governor shewn by figs. 5
and 6.
The burner A is screwed in the usual way upon the governor body D connected
with the gas pipe. The socket e of the burner A and the top of the governor body D
are hollowed out so as to form a chamber in which the cap d can move up and down.
This cap is formed on its outsides with small grooves or channels d¹ fig. 7 of such
depth or size that when the cap is lifted against the socket e as shown in fig. 6 no
more gas can pass through said grooves than with the highest pressure occurring is
required for producing the largest size of flame admissible with the burner and
cylinder used. The cap covers the valve F formed with a hollow stem with lateral
openings (Fig. 8) below the valve, through which the gas presses under the cap
and lifting the same flows round it to the burner. The valve F is made so heavy that
it cannot be lifted by the gas pressure in the pipes and shuts off the gas from the
burner unless the valve F is lifted by mechanical means. The lifting is effected by a
screw G screwed with so fine a thread that the gas cannot escape past the thread and
terminating in a flat bar g, which in its horizontal position fig. 5 allows the valve F
to rest on its seat and when turned more or less vertically lifts the valve more or less
off the seat (fig. 6). Equivalent arrangements for lifting the valve from the outside
of the governor may obviously be substituted for the one described. By this arrange-
ment the noise occasioned through the oblique position of ordinary gas cocks in their
shells is obviated, as a cock in the piping leading to the burner may be completely
opened or dispensed with, the valve F taking its place and admitting the gas with a
central unimpeded flow. The positions of the screw G are limited by stop pegs h h
for the small handle h¹.
This governor acts as follows: The handle h is turned, till with the highest gas
pressure occurring, the flame burns without flaking. The valve F is lifted thereby
and the gas flows through the lateral openings in the valve stem under the cap d,
lifts the latter according to the pressure and passes round its outer side over its top

page_text: the cap
into the burner. By the lateral openings of the valve stem and the subsequent
different deflections of the current before it enters the burner, the production of any
noise is suppressed. If the gas pressure increases from any cause, so that with
ordinary burners a waste of gas or flaking of the flame would occur,
D is
lifted correspondingly with the increased pressure and finally rests against the socket e,
as shewn on fig. 6. This leaves only so much passage for the gas, as with the greatest
gas-pressure known by experience is required for the normal supply of the flame.
This arrangement of governor may be used in combination with ordinary gas burners,
as well as with the jacketed Argand burner herein before described.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is
Firstly, The combination with an Argand burner of a jacket (B) surrounding the
burner body (A) and covering the air admission ring (a) and of such size that only a
narrow annular space is left between said burner body and jacket and an enlarged
space round said ring, substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the
drawings and for the purpose set forth.
Secondly, The arrangement of slots in the lower part of the jacket claimed in the
first claim and of a turnable ring with similar slots surrounding the same substantially
as hereinbefore described and for the purpose set forth.
Thirdly, The arrangement or construction of gas governor substantially as herein-
before described with reference to figs. 5 to 8 of the drawings.
Fourthly, The combination of a gas governor constructed or arranged substantially
as herein before described with reference to figs. 5 to 8 of the drawings with ordinary
gas burners.
Fifthly, The combination of a gas governor constructed or arranged substantially
as hereinbefore described with reference to figs. 5 to 8 of the drawings with a jacketed
Argand burner arranged substantially as herein before described with reference to
figs. 1 to 4 of the drawings.
Sixthly, In governors for gas burners the arrangement of a grooved cap (D)
moveable by the gas pressure and covering a valve (F) which closes the gas supply
and can be opened by mechanical means from the outside, substantially as herein before
described and illustrated by the drawings.
Dated this 8th day of February 1890.
EMMOTT & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.