IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1880

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Joseph Crook at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 23rd November 1880.
JOSEPH CROOK, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
This Invention has for its object the weaving of a fancy border formed of one,
two, or more thick cords, with or without spaces between, across the face of the
piece by the weft itself with the same kind of filling throughout, and this I
accomplish by repeating the pick whilst holding open and without moving the
shed whenever such thick cords are required, the selvedges being formed by catch
cords worked in the usual manner, the cloth thus woven being suitable for
handkerchiefs and similar articles.
In carrying out this Invention I employ a cylinder working on a stud fastened
to the framework of the loom by means of a bracket, the said cylinder having
recesses of suitable size to receive the lags of a lattice chain. This lattice chain is
provided with pegs which can be inserted in holes in the lags in any position
desired. These pegs are made with heads of various lengths, and the size of the
heads determine the number of picks made at any time without moving the shed.
This cylinder is provided with projections which are acted upon when desired by
a catch worked by a crank or eccentric and connecting rod from the end of either
the tappet or crank shafts, and by it pulled round one tooth or projection at a time,
thereby bringing the pegs fixed in the lattice alternately in contact with an incline
attached to a lever working on a stud attached to the same bracket as the cylinder
and suspended above and resting upon the lattice chain. Each time that a peg
raises the incline and lever, and so long as it is held up by the peg, the clutch is
taken out of gear with the treading tappet by means of a rod or rods and a bell
crank lever, and the taking up catch being at the same time lifted by a rod
connected with it and the back catch rod, the shed is held open and the taking up
motion stopped, while any given number of picks are put in as required to form

page_text: the thick cord or cords which constitute the pattern across the piece, according to
the size of the heads of the pegs in the lattice chain. When the pattern or border
is completed a pin or projection on the side of the lattice chain comes in contact
with a guide wire fixed to the catch which rests on the said side peg, and is raised
by it clear of the projections on the cylinder, and so allows the clutch box to again
gear with the treading tappet and allow as much plain work as required to be
put in until the pin or projection on the measuring roller comes again in
contact with a lever connected with a spiral spring attached to the setting
on catch, and again sets on the border pattern. The space between the borders is
determined by a measuring wheel or wheels fixed on the loom framing and geared
to the emery beam by a shaft and bevil wheels or other suitable means. The
pattern along the selvedges of the piece to match those woven across it, as above
described, and so make a complete border, is put in by the arrangement of the
warp threads as at present employed.
This Invention is also applicable to drop box or pick and pick looms for weaving
colored fancy borders, the same mechanism being used, except that a shuttle
carrying a different color of weft from the filling is employed.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, and of
an Order of the Lord Chancellor, filed by the said Joseph Crook in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 23rd June 1881.
JOSEPH CROOK, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster.
LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
"IMPROVEMENTS IN
This Invention has for its object the weaving in an ordinary calico loom of a
fancy border formed of one, two, or more thick cords, with or without spaces
between, across the face of the piece by the weft itself with the same kind of filling
throughout, and this I accomplish by repeating the pick whilst holding open and
without moving the shed whenever such thick cords are required, the selvedges
being formed by catch cords worked in the usual manner, the cloth thus woven
being suitable for handkerchiefs and similar articles.
This Invention will be clearly understood by the following description thereof,
reference being had to the accompanying Sheet of Drawings with the Figures and
letters of reference marked thereon, similar letters referring to the same parts in
all the Figures. Fig. 1 is an end view of a loom with my improvements attached;
Fig. 2, a front view; and Fig. 3, a back view of parts of the same; Figs. 4, 5, 6,
and 7 being different views of the working parts of my improvements drawn on a
larger scale than Figs. 1, 2, and 3, for the sake of greater clearness.
In carrying out this Invention I employ a cylinder A working on a stud B
fastened to the framework C of the loom by means of a bracket D, the said cylinder
having recesses E of suitable size to receive the lags F of a lattice chain G. This
lattice chain G is provided with pegs H which can be inserted in holes in the lags
in any position desired. These pegs are made with various lengths of heads, and
the lengths of the heads determine the number of picks to be made at any time
without moving the shed. The cylinder A is provided with projections I, which
are acted upon when desired by the catch J working on the stud K fitted to the
bell crank lever L, which lever is actuated by the crank or eccentric M and con-
necting rod N driven from the end of either the tappet shaft O or from the crank
shaft of the loom, and by it pulled round one tooth or projection at a time, thereby
bringing the pegs H fixed in the lattice alternately in contact with an incline P cast
on a lever working on the stud R attached to the same bracket D as the
cylinder A, and suspended above and resting upon the lattice chain G. Each time
that a peg raises the incline P and lever Q, and so long as it is held up by the peg,
the clutch S is taken out of gear with the treading tappet T by means of the rod P²
attached to the lever Q acting on the rod or rods U and bell crank lever V, and at
the same time the taking up motion is stopped by means of the lever W and rod X
in connection with the holding back catch bar Y, and the shed is.held open while
any given number of picks are put in as required to form the thick cord or cords
which constitute the pattern across the piece-according to the length of the heads
of the pegs in the lattice chain. When the pattern or border is completed a pin or
projection Z on the side of the lattice chain comes in contact with a guide wire A³
fixed to the catch J, which guide wire A³ resting on the said pin or projection Z
raises the catch J clear of the projections on the cylinder and thereby causes the
lever Qto fall, and thereby acting on the rods P2, Q2, and bell crank lever V causes
the clutch box to again gear with the treading tappet, at the same time re-starting
the taking up motion, while as much plain work as is required to form the body of
the bandkerchief is woven, which being completed the pin or projection B2 on the
measuring wheel or quadrant C2 comes in contact with the lever D2 connected with
a spiral spring E2 attached to the setting on catch F2, and again brings into operation
the lattice chain for weaving the border pattern. This setting on catch F³ operates
on another set of projections G2 cast on the cylinder A, as shewn most clearly in
Fig. 5. This catch F³ is situate on the same stud B as the working catch J, and is
therefore worked by the same motion. When not pulled into gear with the
projection G2 by the lever D³, the catch F2 is kept clear of them by means of the
spiral spring H³ attached to it, and held at its other end by a hook in the bell crank

page_text: lever L. The space between the borders is determined by the measuring wheel or
quadrant C² fixed on the loom framing, the quadrant being geared to the emery
beam 12 by a shaft J2 and bevil wheels K2 thereby obtaining a positive motion, and
the distance between the borders of two different handkerchiefs is determined by
the space between the pins or projections B2, B3, in the quadrant C²
L, Figs. 1, 4, and 6, shews a spring for holding the cylinder steady when at rest
to stop and prevent its vibration or moving.
In Fig. 3, M shews a friction pulley with strap N and tightening screw 02 for
holding the treading tappet in position when out of gear with the clutch while the
cords are being put in.
A modification of the arrangement above described for setting on the border
pattern is as follows:-Instead of the catch F2 taking into the projections on the
disc I cast or form ratchet teeth on the edge of the disc itself, and employ a long
rod attached to the lever D³ and having a hook at its top, so that when the rod is
pulled down by the lever D² the hook will take into the ratchet teeth on the edge
of the disc and move it and the cylinder sufficient to release the working catch J
from its supporting peg, and so start the border pattern.
Instead of the lattice chain as above described I sometimes employ a chain
composed of cast iron links of various sizes connected by pins with long ends
projecting on each side of the link, which pins take into suitable recesses in
a similar cylinder to that above described, or into a star wheel, as may be
desired.
The patterns along the selvedges of the piece to match those woven across it as
above described and so make a complete border, are put in by the arrangement of
the warp threads as at present employed.
Parts of this Invention, and in an especial manner the measuring wheel or
quadrant and the mode of working it, are also applicable to drop box or pick and
pick looms for weaving colored fancy borders, similar mechanism with slight
modifications being used, and a shuttle carrying a different color of weft from the
filling being employed.
Having now described the nature and particulars of my said Invention, and
the manner in which the same is to be performed, I desire it to be understood that
I do not confine myself to the precise details herein set forth, as such may be
varied or modified without departing from the main features of my Invention, but
what I claim in looms for weaving fancy borders formed of one, two, or more
thick cords, with or without spaces between, across the face of the piece by the weft
itself, is,--
First. Drawing the clutch out of gear with the treading tappet by means of the
rod or rods U and bell crank lever V worked by the rod P connected to the arm
or lever and actuated by the pegs in the lattice chain, as and for the purposes
shewn and described.
Secondly. The arrangement for setting on and stopping the border pattern by
means of the catches J and F2 acting respectively on the projections I and G² on
the cylinder, as and for the purposes shewn and described.
Thirdly. The working of the measuring wheel from the emery beam by a shaft
and positive gear, as and for the purposes shewn and described; and
Fourthly. The general arrangement and combination of parts hereinbefore
described and illustrated on the accompanying Sheet of Drawings, as and for the
purposes shewn and described.
In witness whereof, I, the said Joseph Crook, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Eighteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty one.