IMPROVE- MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Onyas Pickles, Benjamin Smith, and Christopher Slater,
all of Burnley, in the County of Lancaster, for the Invention of "IMPROVE-
MENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Onyas Pickles, Benjamin
Smith, and Christopher Slater at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents
on the 27th September 1879.
ONYAS PICKLES, BENJAMIN SMITH, and CHRISTOPHER SLATER, all of Burnley, in'
the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
The first part of our Invention consists in placing the change wheel on the axis
of the taking up roller or other like position in the taking up apparatus,, whereby
the number of teeth in such wheel will require to be increased for an increased
number of picks. By this arrangement any number of picks or fractions thereof
may be changed in a perfect and certain manner, which has not hitherto been
attained. Secondly. To a novel arrangement of adjustable parts, such as a clutch
or like equivalent, the teeth or pins of which are so arranged that when drawn out
of gear or contact will allow one or more picks to be put in before the cloth is
further taken up, enabling the attendent to set up or let back the cloth as required.
Thirdly. In a novel arrangement of taking up apparatus. We fix on the end of the
crank or tappit shaft a worm which imparts motion to a worm wheel on a shaft,
the other end of which has another worm which gives motion to a wheel on the
end of the taking up roller.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Onyas Pickles, Benjamin Smith, and Christopher Slater in the Great
Seal Patent Office on the 27th March 1880.
ONYAS PICKLES, BENJAMIN SMITH, and CHRISTOPHER SLATER, all of Burnley, in
the County of Lancaster. "IMPROVEMENTS IN LOOMS FOR WEAVING."
The first part of our Invention consists in placing the change wheel on the axis
of the taking up roller or other like position in the taking up apparatus, whereby
the number of teeth in such wheel will require to be increased for an increased
number of picks. By this arrangement any number of picks or fractions thereof may
be changed in a perfect and certain manner, which has not hitherto been attained.
Secondly. In the arrangements of adjustable parts, such as a clutch or like
equivalent, the teeth or pins of which are so arranged that on the absence or
breakage of the weft will be drawn out of gear or contact, and allow one or more
picks to be put in before the cloth is further taken up.
Thirdly. In a novel arrangement of taking up apparatus, whereby we are enabled
to dispence with most of the wheels hitherto employed. We fix on the end of the
crank or tappit shaft a worm which imparts motion to a worm wheel secured to a
shaft. The other end of the said shaft has another worm which gives motion to
the change wheel fixed on the end of the taking up roller.
In order that our Invention may be more readily understood and carried into
practical effect we have hereunto annexed two Sheets of Drawings illustrative
thereof, which we have marked with figures and letters of reference.
Fig. 1, Sheet 1, is a partial side view of a loom with the first part af our Inven-
tion applied, and Fig. 2 is a plan thereof. A is an eccentric, keyed or otherwise,
fixed to the crank shaft, acting on the shedding lever a', to which is cast or secured
the arm a². At its lower end is an adjustable stud, on which is placed the catch
link as, the hooked end of which takes into the teeth of the ratchet wheel B for the
purpose of giving motion thereto, and is retained when so moved by the retaining
catch b¹ secured to the catch rod of the loom. To the stud or shaft of the ratchet
wheel driver 62 in gear with the change wheel b³, both of which are secured
to their respective studs or shafts by means of a nut and pin, so that the ordinary
change wheels may be used. Behind the change wheel and on the same stud is the
pinion 64; the said stud revolve in bearing at the end of the adjustable bracket c;
the pinion of the carrier c¹ is in gear with the beam wheel fixed on the axis of the
taking up roller, giving motion thereto. The change wheel, as will readily be seen,
is now a driven in contradistinction to a driver, as previously used. By arranging
the speed of the taking up apparatus so as to admit of a change wheel, the teeth of
which correspond in number with the picks contained in a quarter inch of cloth,
each tooth will represent one pick or shoot of weft distinct, or two, three, or more
teeth of the change wheel may be made to represent one pick or shoot of weft by
simply increasing in like proportion the speed of the driver 62; or one tooth of the
change wheel may represent two picks or shoots of weft by reducing the speed of its
driver, which is not required to be altered to change the picks, but is used to determine
the number of teeth in the change wheel to represent one pick or shoot of weft.
Fig. 3, Sheet 2, is another arrangement whereby the first part of our Invention
may be brought into practise. The lay sword e is provided with a bracket e¹, to
which is jointed the catch link e², its upper end acting upon the teeth of the ratchet
wheel b, giving motion thereto, and is held in position when so moved by the
catch e. The lever fis secured to the catch rod for the purpose of lifting the
retaining catch e* out of contact with the teeth of the ratchet wheel on the stoppage
of the loom through the absence or breakage of the weft. The driver 62 is secured
to the stud or shaft of the ratchet wheel, and is in gear with the carrier c¹, its
pinion imparting motion to the change wheel 6s fixed to the taking up roller. The
change wheel 6s and driver 62 are secured to their respective studs or shafts in a
similar manner and for like purposes as herein before described. By these means

page_text: any number of picks or fractions thereof may be changed in a perfect and certain
manner and to a greater range than heretofore.
The second part of our Invention is represented in Fig. 4. By this arrangement
the striking piece of the catch lever g is carried to and fro by the catch link a³ on
which it is mounted, and is made to strike against the lever g' by the lifting action
of the retaining catch b' on the absence or breakage of the weft, by which means
the toothed quadrant is thrown forward, and upon the loom being set in motion
the projection g² on the retaining catch b' drops upon the quadrant h and retains the
same as it is drawn backward to its former position by the action of the catch
lever g; thus the retaining catch will be kept out of contact with the teeth of the
ratchet wheel, allowing one or more picks to be woven before the retaining catch
regains its position on the teeth of the ratchet wheel. An adjustable stop piece g³
is provided to adjust the quadrant h, so as to determine the number of picks to be
woven before the cloth is further taken up. Another arrangement is shewn in
Fig. 5, the mechanism of which is hereinafter described. By these arrangements
the occurrence of thick and thin places is prevented, thus producing a more even
and uniform cloth.
Fig. 5 represents the third part of our Invention, whereby we dispence
with most of the wheels hitherto employed. L is a worm keyed or other-
wise fixed to the tappit shaft, which imparts motion to the worm wheel l
loosely mounted on the cross shaft 1. The said wheel 1 forins one half of
a clutch box; the other half is capable of sliding upon a key in the said
shaft, and is pressed against the clutch teeth of the worm wheel by the
spring, which will impart a continuous revolving motion to the worm m and
change wheel m¹ fixed to the taking up roller. The adjustable bracket m² acts as
a support and bearing for the shaft 2, and is easily adjusted to various sizes of
change wheels that may require to be used; or a carrier wheel may be employed
to gear with the worm m and the change wheel m¹. The hand wheel m³ is provided
so that the attendant by turning the hand wheel in one direction he may screw up
the cloth, or when it is required to let back he pulls the finger n, which disengages
the clutch and turns the hand wheel the reverse way; or on the absence or
breakage of the weft the finger n will be moved by the ordinary weft stop motion,
and thus disengage the clutch, which stops the further motion of the cloth roller.
The number of teeth forming the clutch will determine the picks woven on the
loom being set in motion before the cloth is further taken up.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, and in what manner the
same is or may be performed, we wish it to be understood that we do not confine
ourselves to the exact details set forth, as the same may be varied without departing
from the Invention, and we claim,―
First. The arrangement shewn and described for changing the picks, substantiall
as set forth.
Second. The employement of a clutch or like equivalent for purposes herein set
forth.
Third. In a novel arrangement of taking up apparatus, as shewn and described
in reference to Fig. 5.
In witness whereof, we, the said Onyas Pickles, Benjamin Smith, and
Christopher Slater, have hereunto set our hands and scals, this Twenty
second day of March, One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
A
Witness,
THOS. RICHMOND,
2, Bond St.,
Burnley
UNAN
BENJAMIN SMITH.
(L.S.)
CHRISTOPHER SLATER. (L.S.)