provements in the Manufacture of Seamless Metallio Tubes.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 8th July, 1895-Accepted, 10th Aug., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Improvements in the Manufacture of Seamless Metallio Tubes.
I, ROBERT FREDERICK WALL, of Ferndale, Church Road, Moseley, near the
City of Bumingham, Managing Director of the Cycle Components Manufacturing
Company Limited, of Bnmingham aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows
.
My invention relates to the manufacture of seamless metallic steel tubes, and
has for its object, the simplifying of the process of the said manufacture.
In carrying out the process of manufacture according to my invention, a short
steel billet or ingot is taken, and when in a heated' and soft state, an axial hole 18
made through its middle by drop stamping or by hydraulic or other pressure, and
the metal displaced by the formation of the hole is made to flow into the walls of
the billet, which are thus incidentally increased in length.
Thus, n billet or ingot, when in a heated' and soft state, is placed within a confining
lie or hollow tool, of a greater depth than the length of the said billet, and then
by drop stamping a punch (of a size equal to the inside bote of the hole to be
made) is caused to intermittently descend and force the metal located at the middle
of the ingot into the walls of the sides, which, in consequence rise or extend
themselves in length.
I propose that the punching or displacement of the metal shall proceed to neal
the extreme end of the ingot, thus leaving a web or closed bottom, which is
subsequently knocked out by a stamp or removed by a drift.
The bore of the axial hole through this billet is subsequently increased by one or
more like drop stamping processes, or the said axial hole may be formed by dulling
in the usual way.
The mouth end of this hollow billet, which has parallel sules, is then passed
upon the fore and largest end of a taper mandil, located evenly between o
directed through the graduated passes or eyes of a suitable series of pairs of
horizontal and vertical rolls, and having its after and smallest end lying in the eye
of the last pair of rolls.
The first and vertical pair of this graduated series of cross olls nips the fore
part of the billet, forces it over the mandril lying between its pass, elongates and
reduces the thickness of the walls and passes the said billet on to the second
and horizontal pair of rolls, which further elongates the walls and decreases the
juside and outside diameters of the tube, which is then passed on to the next and
Vertical pan of rolls, which acts in like manner as the second pair, and so on to
the end of the series.
It will be thus understood that each pair of succeeding rolls is smaller in the
pass than the preceding pair, and that the parts of the mandul lying in the
Bucceeding rolls are less in diameter than the parts in the preceding rolls and that
the pass of the last pair of rolls is equal to the outside diameter of the finished
tube whilst the mandril at that part is equal in size to the bore.
1
Instead of employing a taper mandril, 1 may employ a stepped one, with the
after end being of smallest diameter, or instead of using a taper or a stepped
mandril, I may employ a mandril provided with a series of bulbs, diminishing in
diameter from the front end to the rear.
1

page_text: The rolls are mounted in suitable holsters, and are so speeded as to keep the
metal of the tube or billet under operation constantly on the stretch
Dated thus 5th day of October 1894
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements in the Manufacture of Seamless Metallic Tubes
I, ROBERT FREDERICK HALL, of Ferndale, Church Road, Moseley, near the
City of Birminghain, Managing Director of the Cycle Components Manufacturing
Company Limited, of Birmingham aforesaid, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what maune the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
My invention relates to the manufacture of seamless metallic steel tubes, and has
for its object, the simplifying of the process of the said manufacture.
In carrying out the process of manufacture according to my invention, a short
steel billet o ingot is taken, and when in a heated and soft state, an axial hole is
made through its middle by drop stamping or by hydraulic or other pressure, and
the metal displaced by the formation of the hole is made to flow into the walls of
the billet, which are thus incidentally increased in length.
Thus, a billet or ingot, when in a heated and soft state, is placed within a
confining die or hollow tool, of a greater depth than the length of the said billet,
and then by drop stamping a punch (of a size equal to the inside bore of the
hole to be made) is caused to intermittently descend ard force the metal located at
the middle of the ingot into the walls of the sides, which, in consequence rise or
extend themselves in length.
I propose that the punching or displacement of the metal shall proceed to near
the extreme end of the ingot, thus leaving a web or closed bottom, which is
subsequently knocked out by a stamp or removed by a drift
The bore of the axial hole through this billet is subsequently increased by one
o more like drop stamping processes, or the said axial hole may be formed by
drilling in the usual way.
The mouth end of this hollow billet, which has parallel sides, is then passed upon
the fore and largest end of a taper inandril, located evenly between or directly
through the graduated passes or eyes of a suitable series of pairs of horizontal and
vertical rolls, and having its after and smallest end lying in the eye of the last
pair of rolls.
The first and vertical pan of this graduated series of cross rolls mips the fore
part of the billet, forces it over the mandril lying between its pass, elongates and
reduces the thickness of the walls and passes the said billet on to second and
horizontal pair of rolls, which further elongates the walls and decreases the inside
and outside diameters of the tube, which is then passed on to the next and vertical
pan of rolls, which acts in like manner as the second pair, and so on to the end of
the series.
It will be thus understood that each pair of succeeding rolls is smaller in the pass
than the preceding pair, and that the parts of the maudril lying in the succeeding
rolls are less in diameter than the parts in the preceding rolls and that the pass of the
last pair of rolls is equal to the outside diameter of the finished tube whilst the
mandril at that part is equal in size to the bore.
Instead of employing a taper mandil, I may employ a stepped one, with
the after end being of smallest diameter or instead of using a taper or a stepped
mandril, I may employ a mandril provided with a series of bulbe, diminishing in
diameter from the front end to the rear.

page_text: The rolls are mounted in suitable holsters, and are so speeded as to keep the
etal of the tube or billet under operation constantly on the stretch.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in topside plan and partly in
orizontal section, machinery for producing seamless' metallic tubes in accordance
ith my method of manufacture
Figure 2 represents an elevation of the same, partly in vertical section.
Figure 3 represents a vertical section of the solid billet from which the tubes
e made.
The rolls are mounted in suitable holsters, and are so specued as to keep the
metal of the tube or billet under operation constantly on the stretch.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings represents in topside plan and partly in
orizontal section, machinery for producing seamless' metallic tubes in accordance
ith my method of manufacture
Figure 2 represents an elevation of the same, partly in vertical section.
Figure 3 represents a vertical section of the solid billet from which the tubes
e made.
Figure 4 represents the same plated within a die and with a taper axmai hole, with
a closed bottom, formed up it.
Figure 5 represents the said hollow billet separately
Figure 6 epresents the billet Figure 5 with the bottom knocked out.
Figure 7 represents the said billet with the axial hole through it enlarged.
Figure 8 represents the plain taper mandril separately.
Figure 9 represents a graduated and stepped mandil.
Figure 10 represents a graduated bulbed mandil.
Figure 11 is a length of tubing produced by my improved method of manufacture.
The same letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in Figures 1, 2 and 8.
a are holsters carried by a bed plate a', and having mounted and turning within
them, pans of two-high vertical rolls b, 6, 6, 6, with graduated eyes or
passes c, c', c², c³, with the pass c', of less diameter than the pass c, and the pass c³,
less in diameter than o' and so on. dare intermediate holsters, disposed alternately
between the holsters a, and having mounted and turning within them horizontal
ars of rolls e, el, e, e³, having graduated passes f,,, f³, dimmishing u
diameter towards the end roll e, alike unto the passes of the two high vertical
roll- The passes of both the horizontal and vertical rolls are disposed in the
same axial line, and so also is the taper mandril 9, which passes through the eyes
of all the rolls, and whose after end, which is of small diameter is directed though
the eye of the last pair of rolls and whose forward end which is of large
diameter, directed through the eye of the first pair of rolls, which rolls are coupled
together by spur wheels and progressively speeded and driven by suitable gear
receiving its motion from a principal shalt, that 16, the second pair of rolls revolves
at a greater rate than the first pair, the third pair at a greater rate than the
second, the fomth than the third and so on, keeping the walls of the metal under
operation constantly on the stretch as the reduction of both the inside and outside
diameters and the progressive elongation of the billet under operation proceeds.
The shafting and gent are carried by suitable brackets and bearings as shown in
the drawings, but this constitutes no part of my invention.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim 18
-
First. The process of making seamless metallic tubes by the progressive reduction
of the inside and outside diameters of, and also the elongation of, a hollow billet,
substantially as described and set forth
Secondly. The process of making seamless metallic tubes by progressively
reducing the inside and outside diameters of, and also elongating, a hollow billet by
rolling the said billet over a taper, stepped or bulb mandil, with the large end,
step or bulb coming through the eye of the first pair of rolls, and the sinnllei and
after end, step or bulb taking through the oye of the last pair of rolls, substantially
as described and set forth.
1005
ROBERT FREDERICK HALL,
By Henry Skerrett,
24 Temple Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.