Improvements in Gearing and Relief Mechanism for Driving Rolls.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in Gearing and Relief Mechanism for Driving
Rolls.
I WILLIAM FRAZLE COCHRANE, of Cambridge City, in the County of Wayne
and State of Indiana, in the United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN GEARING AND RELIEF
MECHANISM FOR DRIVING ROLLS" and in what manner the same is to be performed
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :--
This invention relates to a new and improved system of gearing embracing
driving and relief mechanisms, designed for application to one or both of a pair
of rolls and to each of the series of pairs or sets of rolls when combined to form a
system, said inventions being more particularly adapted for use in connection with
the rolls constituting a pair or set, of which one roller is adjustable towards and
from the other, and the two rollers driven at such a speed that the surface of the
one shall move relatively faster than that of the other, an example of which is
furnished in the roller grinding mill in commen use and to which my said inven-
tion is especially adapted as furnishing a simple, effective and convenient substitute
for the complicated system of belts, pulleys, countershafts, tighteners etc. heretofore
found necessary in practice and universally employed in operating such rolls.
Heretofore hollow rolls have been used, mounted in bearings supported upon a
main frame, with separate driving shafts of less diameter than the longitudinal
openings in the rolls through which they pass, said shafts being mounted in
independent bearings, and extending in parallel lines through the front and rear
rolls respectively of the entire series.
These shafts being thus supported from lateral movement and geared together
were connected to the laterally adjustable rolls through which they passed, by &
species of universal couplings applied to the end of each roll in such manner as to
permit the free adjustment of the rolls without disturbing the connection through
which motion is communicated to the roll from the shaft.
In this manner any desired number of sets of rolls were arranged to be driven
from the two parallel shafts, and by separating the members of the universal
coupling any particular set of rolls could be thrown out of action without
interfering with the working of the remaining sets included in the series.
The improvements which I have made upon the system of gearing such as
above described, relates to the manner of supporting the driving shaft in bearings
applied to the frame supporting the rollers, whereby the machine is made more

page_text: compact; the location and construction of the universal coupling and the provision
for enclosing the same; the construction of the driving shafts in sections united
by couplings whereby each machine is made complete in itself, can be used singly
or in series with other similar machines, and when so combined in series, any one
or more machines can be bodily withdrawn or removed without dismanteling or
otherwise disturbing the remaining machines of the series. Another feature of my
invention, applicable not only to the construction above described, but also, with
slight changes and modifications to other well known systems of mechanism for
driving rolls, consists in the manner of supporting the rolls at opposite ends in
independent pivoted or swivelled bearings, against which the yielding adjusting
devices are applied, and combining with the said bearings or sliding plates upon
which they are mounted a clutch operating mechanism so arranged and applied
that when any hard substance, or material is fed between the rolls, the latter will
yield at one or both ends according to the point at which the said substance is
introduced and in so doing will automatically actuate a clutch located intermediate
of the roll and driving shaft, whereby that particular set of rolls will be discon-
nected from the driving shaft and be held at rest until purposely connected to the
driving shaft after the foreign body has been removed.
.
My said invention further contemplates the use in such connection of an improved
form of clutch for effecting a gradual starting of the roll by frictional contact of
the members comprising the clutch and prior to the more positive locking of the
clutch sections for final operation: it also includes certain minor features of con-
structions and combinations of parts all as hereinafter fully described and pointed
out in the claims.
In the accompanying drawings I have shown a mechanism serving to illustrate
the principles of my invention and a practical mode of carying the same into
operation, but I do not desire to be understood as limiting my claims to the precise
mechanism or arrangement of parts shown, as the several elements or members may
be modified in form and arrangement without departing from the spirit of my said
invention.
In the annexed drawings :-
Figure, 1, is a vertical section through the adjustable roll, showing the manner
of applying the driving gear thereto.
Figure, 2, is a top plan view illustrating the manner of associating together
several sets of rolls arranged in series.
Figure, 3, is a top plan view of the relief mechanism detached.
Figure, 4, is a top plan view partly in section of a set or pair of rolls with
driving and relief mechanism applied.
Figure, 5, is a sectional view partly in elevation of one end of the adjustable
roll, showing the manner of applying the adjusting devices and of connecting the
relief mechanism to the bearing of the roll.
Figure, 6, is an end view partly in section of the frame adapted to receive two
sets of rolls.
Figure, 7, is a detail illustrating the construction of the compound friction and
locking clutch employed for starting the rolls from the driving shaft.
Similar letters of reference in the several figures indicate the same parts.
The rolls, A, A, forming a pair or set of rolls are mounted in bearinga sustained
upon a single bed plate or frame, B, and if desired two sets or pairs of such rolls
may be associated together upon the same frame as shown in figure, 6.
The roll, A', in the example given, is mounted upon and secured to a shaft, A³,
as by keying or shrinking, and the latter is supported in the fixed journal
bearings, A³, rising from the bed plate, B.
The front or movable roll, A, is in like manner mounted upon and secured to a
hollow or tubular shaft, A', which latter is supported in journal bearings, B¹, one
at each end of the roll, said bearings, B¹, being movable together or separately,
towards and from the bearings of the roll, A¹, to adjust and determine the distance
between the faces of the rolls.

page_text: Passing longitudinally through the hollow or tubular shaft, A', of the movable
roll and supported in bearings, B³, secured to the main frame or bed plate, B,
at opposite ends of said roll, is the main driving shaft, C, to which motion is
communicated through any convenient or appropriate mechanism from the prime
motor.
The diameter of the shaft, C, is sufficiently less in cross section than the internal
diameter of the tubular shaft or longitudinal opening through the roll, A, to permit
of the requisite lateral movement of the said roll with respect to the shaft for
effecting the desired adjustment or movement of the roll.
It will be observed that the centers of the driving shaft and back roll, A¹,
maintain a fixed relation, which is not changed by the lateral adjustment of the
movable roll, A, thereby enabling me to gear from the driving shaft directly upon
the shaft or journal of the roll, A¹, preserving the pitch centers of the teeth and at
the same time permit of the movement of the front or movable roll, A, which
latter is connected to the driving shaft by an improved form of universal coupling
as will be hereinafter described.
The arrangement of gearing for driving the back roll, A¹, is shown in Figs. 1,
2 and 4.
Upon one end of the shaft, A2, is secured a gear wheel, C¹, preferably composed
of two gears or toothed sections arranged side by side and with their teeth alter-
nating (friction or other suitable gearing may be employed) and upon the shaft C
is secured a corresponding gear wheel, C, formed or provided on one side with a
clutch section, C³, co-operating with a similar clutch section, C4, rotating with the
shaft C, but free to move longitudinally thereof.
The gears, C, C, and the clutch are enclosed within a casing, C³, formed in two
sections c, c, bolted together and to lugs, c, on the main frame, B.
Formed integral with or attached to the outer end of this casing, C, is a journal
box C, to receive and support the driving shaft, C, said journal box being also
made in two sections, cs, attached respectively to the sections, c, and, c¹, of the
casing.
By thus forming the bearing for the driving shaft in or upon the casing for
enclosing gears and clutch, not only are the latter well protected from dirt and
injury but the machine at this end at least is rendered more compact and
serviceable.
The movable roll, A, is also driven from the main shaft through the medium of
a universal coupling similar in some respects to that described in the beginning of
this specification, but of an improved form and construction, whereby the parts are
simplified and compacted.
To the end of the tubular shaft, A', carrying the roll, A, is secured a flanged hub
or collar, D, and upon the driving shaft, C, and beyond the said collar is fitted a
similarly flanged hub, or collar, D¹.
Upon the flanges, d, of the hubs, D, D¹, are formed a series of teeth or pro-
jections, d¹, the said flanges being located on opposite ends of the hubs with the
teeth or projections, d, thereon, facing each other.
Surrounding the bubs, D, D¹, and supported at each end upon spherical
bearings, d³, thereon, is a tubular coupling or sleeve, D', whose ends are provided
with a series of teeth or projections, d, corresponding with and engaging the teeth
or projections d², on the flanges of the hubs, D, D'.
The outer end or face of the hub or collar, D, may be constructed to form half of
a clutch as at, D', the other half or member thereof, D³, is arranged to slide
longitudinally upon the driving shaft, C.
This universal coupling permits of the lateral adjustment of the roll, A, with
respect to the shaft, C, without disturbing the connection between them, at the
same time by placing the flanges at opposite ends of the hubs, the strength of the
coupling is increased and the space occupied by it is diminished.
In order to protect the said coupling I enclose it within a tubular or bell shaped
casing, Da, which is firmly secured to an annular bracket, D', formed upon or

page_text: attached to the end of the frame, B, and in or upon the opposite end of said casing
is formed the half box or bearing, D³, to receive the driving shaft, C, the upper or
movable portion, ds, of said bearing being provided with a semi-annular or other
shaped flange, de, fitting within the end of the casing as shown in figure, 1, and
being secured in position above the bearing, D³, by bolts in the usual manner.
The clutches described as applied to the gear and hub forming part of the
universal coupling although desirable are not essential to the operation of my
invention as thus far described, but belong more particularly to another part of
my invention referred to hereinafter.
My improvements are, as will be readily seen, applicable to various arrangements
of driving shafts, but I prefer to employ but a single driving shaft extending
through the movable roll only of the series to connect the back roll of each set or
pair to the said driving shaft, to mount all the bearings for the shafts and rolls of
each set or pair upon its own separate bed plate or frame, and to make the driving
shaft when arranged to operate a series of rolls in sections and connect said sections
by removable couplings, as shown in figure, 2, and this arrangement is preferred for
the reason that when intermediate bearings and continous shafts are employed it
is difficult to set up or arrange a series or pairs of rolls as the shafts have to be
introduced through the whole series from one end, and if from any cause it becomes
desirable to remove, repair or replace any one set of rolls, the whole series must be
dismantled and taken apart, whereas, by my improvement which contemplates the
making of each machine complete in itself, I am enabled to remove or replace any
one or more pairs of rolls in the series, by simply loosening the coupling at the
ends of the driving shaft of the particular set of rolls, and if the machine is
removed, filling the interval with a section of shafting when the series or train will
be in condition to be started up at once.
When several sets or pairs of rolls are associated together as described, to form a
series, all being driven from one main shaft, it is desirable that some means be
provided for disconnecting each and any pair of rolls from the driving shaft, in
order that the whole series may not be thrown out of operation when ever it
becomes necessary to stop a particular set of rolls.
It is desirable moreover in case of the accidental deposit between the rolls of
any hard substance or foreign material (such as would offer a resistance propor-
tionally greater than the material designed to be acted upon and for which the
rolls are adjusted) that the rolls should be quickly disengaged from the driving
shaft and their motion arrested, after which the foreign body is removed and the
rolls are again connected to the driving shaft.
It has been customary heretofore to rely upon the attendant not only to detect
the presence of such a foreign body but by stopping the driving mechanism to
apply the only remedy known for preventing further damage. As is obvious
the success of such a system depends wholly upon the vigilence of the attendant
in discovering the danger and his promptness in affording relief, for he cannot as a
rule anticipate the event and hence is powerless to prevent, though he may
diminish, the injury inflicted upon the rolls by the pressure of the foreign body
particularly when the former are revolving at high rates of speed.
In order to avoid this difficulty I propose to furnish each set or pair of rolls with
what is herein termed a relief mechanism which when a foreign body is introduced
of sufficient size and strength to spread the rolls shall act automatically to uncouple
the rolls from the driving shaft and retain them in that position until the inter-
fering body is removed and the rolls are again thrown into operative connection
with the driving shaft by the attendant.
A mechanism such as above referred to is shown in Fig. 3 and its application to
a pair of rolls in Figs. 4 5 and 6.
As heretofore referred to the adjustable roll A is supported in bearings B¹ which
are movable towards and from the back roll, A¹.
Any approved adjusting mechanism having an elastic or yielding connection
with the bearings, B, may be employed, and in the example given there is shown

page_text: a bracket, F, attached to the bed plate, B, opposite each of the bearings, B¹ of
the roll.
These brackets, F, are each formed or provided with tubular casings, f, on one
side and upon one side of the bearing, B¹, is formed a socket, f', fitting snugly
within the end of the casing, f.
Within the said casing, f, is located a spring, F¹, resting with one end against
the bearing, B¹, and the other against the head or collar, f³, formed upon or attached
to an adjusting screw, F³, which latter passes through the bracket, F, and is
provided with a jam nut, F, for locking or holding it in its adjusted position.
A supporting pia f', passes through the spring and plays loosely in a socket, f³,
on the bearing. By this arrangement of devices the movable roller is set and
maintained in position by the pressure of the springs alone, and is free to be moved
backwards against the pressure of the springs by the foreign substance mentioned
when the latter passes within the bite of the rolls.
This backward thrust of the rolls I take advantage of and utilize for setting
in action the relief mechanism one form of which I will now proceed to describe.
Referring particulary to fig. 3, G, represents a shaft mounted in bearings
attached to the bed plate or frame, and G¹, two sleeves-one at each end-fitting
loosely upon the shaft.
Each sleeve G¹, is provided with lugs g, to receive a pin g¹, the latter forming
a pivot for one end of the link or latch, G³, whose opposite end is likewise pivotally
secured to the movable bearing of the roll.
The sleeves, G¹, turn freely upon the shaft G, and are provided at their inner
ends with longitudinally movable sections or extensions, g³, which latter are
connected to rotate each with its own sleeve, by an interlocking joint or con-
nection, g², containing a spring g³, serving to hold the extensions g³, normally
projected, but permitting them to slide or be forced back towards the sleeve G¹.
The inner or proximate ends of the movable sections or extensions g³, are
furnished with a series of angular cams or ratchet teeth, g, which incline in the
same direction upon both sections g³, and these cams or ratchet teeth engage a
corresponding series of cams or ratchet teeth, go, formed upon the opposite ends of
a sleeve or collar, G³, secured to the shaft, G.
The movable sections or extensions, g³, of the sleeves, G¹, serve as a means for
communicating motion to the shaft, G, from both sleeves or either one independent
of the other, for when either sleeve is rotated in a direction to cause the teeth on
its movable section or extension to engage the teeth on the sleeve, G³, it will cause
partial rotation of the latter and of the shaft, G, to which it is secured, and if
but one sleeve receives motion, and operating in the manner described, actuates
the shaft, the other sleeve will not be affected, as the inclined surfaces of the teeth
on the sleeve G³, acting against the inclined surfaces of the teeth on the movable
section of the sleeve, G¹, will simply cause the said movable section to be retracted
without affecting the position of the sleeve to which it is connected. The advan-
tages secured by this arrangement of separate actuating devices connected to each
bearing and operating in the same direction upon the shaft are both numerous
and obvious.
Thus when both bearings move in unison, a duplex connection is made with the
shaft, ensuring prompt action; when the bearings are arranged to have an
independent motion as hereinafter described the insertion of the foreign material
at or near one end and between the rolls instead of causing a separation of both
ends, involving the compression of both adjusting springs and making a wide
opening, it will, by forcing back one of the bearings against its spring only, actuate
the shaft, G; moreover, when the backward movement occurs at both ends of the
rolls but unequally that end only which moves the more rapidly will actuate the
shaft, while the parts connected to the other bearing will be inoperative, thus
5 avoiding the twisting or displacement and possible destruction of the mechanism.
Having provided for the partial rotation of the shaft, G, whenever either or both
of the bearings are retracted the principal object has been accomplished, as any

page_text: skilled mechanic can apply shipping devices to be actuated by the said shaft, to
disconnect the driving mechanism of either or both rollers. The preferred form
and arrangement of shipping devices is that shown in fig. 3, and its application to
my improved gearing, as illustrated in figure, 4. Upon the shaft, G, and at opposite
ends of the frame are secured two hubs or sleeves H, each provided upon one end
or face with inclines or cams, h. Opposite each of these hubs and preferably
supported upon the shaft, G, is a sleeve, H', carrying a fork, H2, or similar device
engaging the movable, member or section of one of the clutches through which
motion is conveyed from the driving shaft to one of the rolls. The end of each
sleeve, H¹, facing the hub, H, is furnished with a series of inclines or cams, h¹,
corresponding to and engaging the inclines or cams, h, and so arranged relatively
to each other as that when the said hubs, being secured to the shaft, G, are given
a partial rotation through the medium of the bearings of the roll, as previously
described, the sleeves, H', will be forced outwards, or in a direction to withdraw
the movable section of the clutch from the driving gear and thus stop the roll or
pair of rolls connected therewith. The sleeves, H', are held pressed inward or in
à direction to hold the clutch in engagement by springs, h³, applied to their
outer ends.
In order that the relief mechanism when once set in action by the spreading of
the rolls may be retained in position with the movable sections of the clutch
retracted I form upon or apply to one of the hubs, H, a series of ratchet teeth, h*,
and mount upon the frame a pawl, h³, which latter, as the shaft is thrown back by
the rolls, will engage one of the teeth, h, and thus prevent the clutching of the
driving mechanism until the pawl is raised. A hand lever, H, attached to the
shaft G, or to one of the sleeves or hubs secured thereto is also provided for
rotating the shaft in either direction when desired for throwing the clutch sections
in or out of gear. In order that the roll may be rendered capable of being retracted
or yielding at each end, independently, for operating upon the relief mechanism as
described, without forming too great an opening between the proximate faces of
the roll, I provide each bearing with a cylindrical hub, I', fig. 5, which passes
through or is received within a circular hole or socket formed in a plate, I. This
plate, I, is fitted to slide in a slot or ways formed in or attached to the bed plate,
and to it is attached the rear end of the link or catch engaging the pin on the
sleeve, G¹.
A bolt, I, passing up into the hub I¹, and provided with a collar or washer, i,
engaging the under surface of the plate, I, serves to retain the latter in position
upon the hub, thus forming a swivel connection between the bearings and plates
whereby the former are adapted to accommodate themselves to the angular position
assumed by the rolls when one end only is retracted. As the driving shaft, in a
system such as described, is frequently driven at high speeds-from two hundred
to four hundred or more revolutions per minute--it is practically impossible to
-start the roll up with the ordinary jaw clutch and serious damage is liable to result
should the attempt be made to couple the roll when at rest, to the rapidly revolving
shaft. I have discovered however a simple method of remedying this evil while
at the same time preserving all the advantages of interlocking or jaw clutch for
driving the roll when in operation This I accomplish by cutting away or beveling
the ends of the clutch jaws as shown at, 8, fig. 7, the bevels on the gear section, S,
being formed substantially parallel with those on the sliding section, S¹, when the
ends of the jaws are brought into contact. These bevels, 8, form in themselves a
friction clutch and as the one is revolved in contact with the other they operate to
gradually bring the sleeve of the roll up to approximately that of the shaft, when
by a sudden movement, the jaws of the sliding section can be inserted between
those on the gear and caused to operate as a positive interlocking clutch. In per-
forming the operation of starting the rolls, the attendant first raises the pawl
which holds the shaft in retracted position, and gradually turns said shaft until the
sleeve carrying the yoke which engages the sliding section of the clutch is forced
jnwards by the spring and the beveled or inclined ends of the rotating sections are

page_text: brought to bear with an elastic pressure upon the inclined ends of the jaws of the
gear section.
When the rolls have been brought up to nearly the speed of the movable section
of the clutch, by a further movement of the lever the sliding section may be forced
into positive engagement with the opposite section.
The ends of the jaws opposite the inclines, 8, are beveled or cut away as at, 81,
to prevent chipping the edge of jaws and to assist the interlocking of the two
sections.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
1. In combination with a hollow roll mounted in adjustable bearings, and a
driving shaft passing longitudinally through said roll and supported in fixed
bearings, the improved universal gear or coupling consisting essentially of the two
adjacent sleeves or hubs provided with toothed flanges at their opposite ends and
attached the one to the journal of the roll and the other to the driving shaft, and
the sleeve or coupling surrounding the first mentioned sleeves or hubs and provided
with teeth at each end engaging the teeth on the flanges of said sleeves or hubs;
substantially as described.
2. The improved universal coupling constructed substantially as described and
arranged for connecting two rotating shafts lying in parallel planes and adjustable
laterally, the one with respect to the other, consisting of the two hubs or sleeves
with toothed flanges upon their opposite ends, and the hollow coupling or sleeve
having spherical bearings at each end upon one of said hubs and provided with
teeth engaging the flanges; substantially as described.
3. As a means for connecting and driving both of a pair or set of rolls, of which
one roll is adjustable towards and from the other, the combination of the rolls
supported in independent bearings, the driving shaft passing through the enlarged
longitudinal opening in the movable roll and supported in fixed bearings, the gears
applied to said shaft and the roll supported in fixed bearings and the universal
coupling applied intermediate the shaft and movable roll for driving the latter,
substantially as described.
4. In combination with a pair of rolls, one of which is adjustable towards and
from the other, a driving shaft mounted in bearings having a fixed relation to the
journal of the non adjustable roll and connected thereto by gears applied directly
to the shaft and roll, and a universal coupling such as described connecting the
adjustable roll and shaft; substantially as described.
5. The herein described improved system of gearing for driving from a single
line of shafting two or more pairs of rolls arranged in series, which consists in
arranging in line two or more sets or pairs of rolls each provided with a back roll
mounted in fixed bearings a hollow front roll mounted in adjustable bearings, a
shaft mounted in fixed bearings and passing through the adjustable roll, said shaft
being connected to the back roll by gears and to the adjustable roll by a universal
coupling, uniting the proximate ends of the shafts of adjoining pairs of rolls by
detachable couplings and applying the power to drive the rolls to one of the said
shafts, substantially as described, whereby all the rolls are driven from a single line
shaft and any pair or set of rolls can be removed without disturbing the remaining
pairs or sets in the series.
6. The combination, to form a series of two or more sets or pairs of rolls,
substantially as described, each set provided with a separate frame or bed plate
upon which are mounted the back roll in fixed bearings, the hollow front roll in
movable bearings and the shaft passing through the hollow roll and connected to
the latter, said shaft being also supported in fixed bearings and connected to the
shaft of the succeeding pair of rolls by a detachable coupling; substantially as
described.

page_text: 7. The combination of two or more sets or pairs of rolls each arranged to be
driven by a shaft mounted in bearings on the frame and passing through the center
of the adjustable roll to which latter it is connected by a universal coupling such as
described, with detachable couplings applied to the proximate ends of the said
shafts thereby forming a sectional driving shaft and permitting the removal of any
set of rolls from the series; as and for the purpose set forth.
8. In combination with the bedplate or frame provided with bearings for the
back roll and movable bearings for the hollow adjustable roll the driving shaft
passing through the adjustable roll, and connected to the latter at one end by
a universal coupling and at the other end to the back roll by gearing, said shaft
being supported in bearings to the bed plate or frame; substantially as described.
9. In combination with the rolls mounted in bearings upon the bed plate or
frame, the driving shaft connected directly to one roll by a universal coupling and
to the other roll by gearing as described, of the enclosing casings for the gears and
couplings secured to the bed plate or frame and provided with bearings for the
driving shaft, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
10. The combination with a roll and its driving gear, of a relief mechanism
substantially as indicated, connected to the bearings of a roll and actuating the
clutching devices, to effect the disengagement of the roll and its driving mechanism
when the former is forced back; substantially as described.
11. In combination with a roll mounted in movable bearings and held to its
work by an elastic or yielding pressure device a driving shaft with intermediate
gearing connecting it to said roll a clutch for connecting and disconnecting said
gearing, and a relief mechanism, substantially such as described connected to and
actuated by the movable bearings of the roll, to ship the clutch and stop or start
the roll; substantially as described.
12. In combination with the main driving shaft, the rolls and the gearing
intermediate the shaft and rolls, a relief mechanism of the character described
connected to and actuated by the bearing of the movable roll, said relief mechanism
being provided with shippers for disengaging the gearing from the driving shaft
and stopping the rolls; substantially as described.
13. In combination with the driving gearing of a pair of rolls, one of which rolls
is mounted in movable bearings a relief mechanism connected to said movable.
bearings and provided with devices for unclutching or disengaging the driving
gearing; substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
14. In combination with the adjustable roll mounted in laterally movable
bearings a shaft connected to and actuated by the said bearings when the latter are.
moved outwards and a clutch operating or disengaging mechanism connected to
and operated by said shaft to uncouple the driving shaft from the roll and stop the
latter; substantially as described.
15. In combination with a roll supported at each end in laterally movable and
pivoted bearings, a relief mechanism such as described for actuating the clutch or
disengaging devices said relief mechanism being provided with independent attach-
ments to each of the movable bearings, whereby the movement of either or both
bearings will serve to set in motion the relief mechanism and stop the roll;
substantially as described.
16. The combination with a roll supported in movable bearings and elastic
or yielding pressure devices applied to each of said bearings, a main driving shaft,
gearing connecting the main shaft and roll, a shipping or unclutching device inter-
mediate the said shaft and the roll, and a relief mechanism such as indicated
for actuating said shipping or unclutching devices, said mechanism having an
independent connection with each bearing; substantially as and for the purpose
specified.
17. The combination with a pair of rolls supported respectively in fixed and
movable bearings, the driving shaft passing through the adjustable roll gearing
intermediate said shaft and the rolls, and clutches for controlling the application of
the gearing to the shaft, of a pair of shippers connected with the clutches, and a

page_text: rock shatt actuating said shippers to simultaneously disengage both rolls from the
driving shaft; substantially as described.
18. In combination with a rock shaft which actuates the disengaging mechanism
the toothed sleeve secured thereto, the sleeve connected to the bearing of the roll
and provided with the movable extension having teeth engaging the said toothed
sleeve; substantially as described.
19. In combination with the shaft for actuating the clutch shipping devices the
toothed sleeve applied thereto, the two sleeves each connected to one of the movable
bearings and the extensions connected to said sleeves by a movable coupling and
provided with inclined teeth engaging the toothed sleeve fastened to the shaft ;
substantially as described.
20. In combination with the shaft connected to and actuated by the movable
bearings of the roll substantially as described the reciprocating sleeve carrying the
shippers for engaging the movable sections of the clutch and provided with the
inclined teeth or cam surfaces, and the hub fixed to the shaft and provided with a
corresponding series of teeth or inclined cams; substantially as described.
21. In combination with the movable bearings of the roll, the links or latches,
the sleeves mounted upon the clutch operating shaft the toothed extensions rotating
with but capable of longitudinal movement with respect to said sleeve, and the
toothed collar fastened to the said shaft and in position to engage the said toothed
extensions; substantially as described.
22. In combination with the clutch operating shaft and devices connected to the
movable bearings for actuating said shaft, the ratchet secured to the shaft and
engaging a pawl on the frame to prevent the accidental starting of the roll after its
disengagement from the driving mechanism, substantially as described.
23. In combination with the roll, the driving shaft and the shipping mechanism,
the compound interlocking and friction clutch consisting essentially of two sections
provided with a series of interlocking projections with their ends beveled; substan-
tially as described.
24. In combination with a hollow roll mounted in movable bearings, a driving
shaft passing through said roll and supported in fixed bearings, a universal coupling
intermediate the shaft and a roll, a clutch for connecting the said coupling to the
shaft, a shipper engaging the movable section of the clutch, a sleeve carrying the
shipper and provided with inclined teeth or cams, a shaft carrying a hub provided
with a corresponding series of teeth or cams and a spring for holding the said
sleeve in engagement with the bub; substantially as described.
25. The combination with a pair of rolls one of which is supported in movable
bearings and held in operating position by an elastic pressure device, a driving
shaft detachably connected to said rolls through intermediate gearing or driving
mechanism, shippers for uncoupling or detaching the gearing from the driving
shaft, a shaft connected to and actuated by the bearings of the roll when the latter
is forced back from the opposite roll said shaft in turn being connected to and
actuating the shippers in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
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