Improvements in and connected with Incandescence Gas Burners.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 20th Oct., 1894
Complete Specification Left, 5th July, 1895-Accepted, 17th Aug., 1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with Incandescence Gas Burners.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the Firm of G. F. Redfern & Co.,
The General Patent Office, No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of
London, Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a com-
munication to me by La Compagnie Parisienne du Bec Deselle-Gillet, of 7, Ruc
des Petites Ecuries, Paris, in the Republic of France,) to be as follows:-
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with gas burners having
an incandescent hood or mantle as hereinafter described.
According to this invention the burner is arranged with a cylindrical tube on
which is adjusted a cap the upper part of which is formed with openings as usual.
This cap receives a rod fixed by a nut and supporting the hood by means of a nickel
stirrup; ligatures of asbestos thread connect the upper part of the hood to the
stirrup. The stirrup is adjusted, after the incineration of the hood, upon a shoulder
of the rod and is maintained in position by a nut.
The metal rod can be covered with refractory material such as porcelain or
faience but most advantageously with asbestos for the purpose of preventing
oxydation of the metal.
The asbestos can be in the form of rolled paper, fabric or agglomerated powder
but is best in the form of thread wound around the metal rod. By coating the
asbestos covering with one or more layers of any suitable silicate such as silicate of
soda or silicate of potash its resistance is considerably augmented. The asbestos
covering can also be impregnated with any metal salts or oxides the coloration of
which can modify the tint of the light emitted by the hood. Oxide of didymium
for example which gives a rose colour may be advantageously employed for the
purpose of combatting or attenuating the green rays emitted by certain oxides,
constituents of the hood. The rod may be further provided with a covering of
cotton impregnated like the hood itself with metal salts or oxides.
In some cases two hoods can be arranged concentrically for the purpose of
obtaining a more powerful light.
The hoods may be of the same chemical composition and may both emit rays of
the same tint. One of them may be constituted of one or more metal oxides giving
specially coloured rays, such, for example, as oxide of didymium which produces
rose-coloured rays, for the purpose of modifying the tint of the rays emitted by
the other hood. In this case the burner may have either a single ring of openings
or a double ring.
For transporting the hoods from place to place cases or boxes of cardboard or of
wood are employed having one end hinged and provided with a plug of wood, card-
board or other suitable material, serving to receive the base of the cap of the
burner. The other end has a small pad of cotton against which the end of the rod
bears whereby any liability of damage to the hood in transit is obviated.
For the purpose of igniting the burner the igniting flame is caused to reach the
hood by means of a tube having a number of openings arranged above a small
Bunsen burner and from this construction it results that the gas which is thus
burning for a very short time during its passage along the tube to the hood does
not form a carbonaceous deposit by reason of its being mixed with air on entering
the tube. By this arrangement the tube can be ignited by a match, the flame
TD 071

page_text: reaches the hood and it can be extinguished without it being necessary to employ a
pilot light.
The burner is provided at the upper part of the cock with a lateral branch pipe
which is that of the Bunsen burner and the tube with openings. The branch pipe
is provided with an opening for the admission of air to the small Bunsen burner.
The upper end of the tube is cut on the skew and slightly curved so that the
igniting jet may take a horizontal direction. The tube at its lower part
communicates with a conduit arranged obliquely.
When the plug of the cock is in one position the transverse passage is not in
communication with any conduit.
If the plug be turned so as to cause the transverse passage to communicate with
the oblique conduit of the tube the gas enters therein and can be ignited. In this
position the gas passes from the inlet to the passage of the cock through a small
opening formed in the surface of the plug.
In turning the plug into another position the gas reaches the burner which is
ignited by the flame from the tube.
;
The burner can be caused to burn like a pilot light by continuing to turn the
plug the gas then enters through a conduit in very small quantity into a small
pipe which has at its base a Bunsen burner and the gas burns with a very small
Hame at the end of the small pipe. In some cases the pilot light arrangement is
dispensed with.
With these gas burners having incandescent hoods ignition may be effected
automatically by utilizing the property offered by porous bodies of condensing the
gases, notably platina and palladium in a finely divided state; a current of gas
mixed with air such as that which feeds the burner above described brings the
metallic mass to red heat and causes the gas to ignite. In order to produce the
automatic ignition of the burner, within the hood of refractory material is placed
a sachet made of platinum cloth and filled with platina-mohr or palladium.
Dated this 20th day of October 1894.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London, Agents for the Applicant.
improvements in and connected with Incandescence Gas Burners.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the Firm of G. F. Redfern & Co., The
General Patent Office, No. 4, South Street, Finsbury, in the County of London,
Patent Agents, do hereby declare the nature of this invention (a communication to
me by La Compagnie Parisienne du Bec Deselle-Gillet, of 7, Rue des Petites
Ecuries, Paris, in the Republic of France,) and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in and connected with gas burners having
an incandescent hood or mantle as hereinafter described.
To enable my invention to be fully understood I will describe it by reference to
the accompanying drawing, in which :-
Figure 1 is an elevation of the mantle attached to the cap of the burner ready
to be placed on the latter for use:
Figure 2 is a vertical section of my improved burner with the mantle in
position:
Figure 3 is a vertical section of a modified form of my burner :
Figure 4 is a plan of the cap of the burner:
Figure 5 is a view of a detail:

page_text: 5
gure 6 is a vertical section of the burner cap provided with two mantles:
Figures 7, 8 and 9 are vertical sections of the lower part of the burner shewing
the cock in various positions :
Figure 10 shews the method adopted of packing the mantles for transport.
According to my invention I provide a cylindrical tube A adapted to receive a
cap B the upper part of which (shewn in plan at Figure 4) is furnished with
orifices or slits a, a. A rod D is screwed or otherwise fixed to the top of this cap B
and is provided at its upper end with a nickel stirrup or support b, (shewn in side
elevation at Figure 5) having eyes or holes d, d to receive ligatures of asbestos
thread c, c by means of which the upper part C of the mantle M is attached to the
stirrup. The said stirrup or support & is placed on a shoulder of the rod D after
the incineration of the mantle and is maintained in position by a nut y.
The rod D which is preferably of metal can be advantageously covered with
asbestos or with other refractory material such as porcelain, faience and the like
for preventing the oxidation of the metal.
The asbestos can be in the form of rolled paper, fabric, agglomerated powder,
but is most suitable as thread wound around the metal rod. By coating the
asbestos covering with one or more layers of any suitable silicate such as silicate of
soda or silicate of potash its resistance is considerably augmented. The asbestos
covering can also be impregnated with any metallic salts or oxides for the purpose
of medifying the tint of the light emitted by the mantle. Oxide of didymium for
example, which gives a rose colour, may be advantageously employed for the
purpose of partially neutralizing or modifying the green rays emitted by certain
oxides, constituents of the mantle M. The rod D can be further provided with
a covering of cotton impregnated like the mantle itself with metallic salts or
oxides.
I sometimes employ two mantles M, M' arranged concentrically on the
central rod D for the purpose of obtaining a more powerful light as shewn in
Figure 6.
The two mantles may be of the same chemical composition and may both emit
rays of the same tint. Or one of them may be composed of one or more metal
oxides giving specially coloured rays, such, for example, as oxide of didymium
which produces rose-coloured rays, for the purpose of modifying the tint of the
rays emitted by the other mantle. When two mantles are employed the burner
can have either a single ring or row of openings a or two such rings a, a¹ as shewn
in Figure 6.
For transporting the hoods from place to place cases or boxes H, H' of cardboard
or of wood are employed having, as shewn in Figure 10, one end hinged and
provided with a plug of wood, cardboard, or other suitable material, designed to
receive the cap B of the burner. The other end G of the box has a small pad of
cotton against which the end of the rod D bears whereby any liability of damage
to the hood in transit is obviated.
For igniting the gas issuing from the burner I provide a tube e, as shewn in
Figure 2, having a number of holes and arranged above or as a continuation of a
small Bunsen burner K which branches laterally from the cock 1. In the drawing
the perforated hole and the Bunsen burner are shewn as formed of one tube J.
With this arrangement the gas, which burns for a short time in the tube J before
reaching the mantle, does not form any carbonaceous deposit as it is well mixed
with air and it can be ignited with a match thereby obviating the necessity of a
bilot flame.
The upper end of the tube J is bevelled or chamfered and slightly curved as
learly seen at fin Figures 2 and 3 so that the igniting jet issues horizontally from
The tube at its lower part communicates with a passage h which can be
out in communication with the plug of the cock.
he same.
When the plug I of the cock is in the position shewn in Figure 2, the transverse
assage in the same is not in communication with any other passage.
If the plug be turned so as to cause the transverse passage & to communicate

page_text: with the passage as seen in Figure 7 the gas enters the tube J and can be
ignited. W ben the plug is in this position the gas passes from the inlet O to
the passage K of the cock by means of a small recess formed in the surface of the
plug I.
When the plug is turned into the position shewn in Figure 8 the gas passes to
the burner and is there ignited by the horizontal flame from the tube J.
L is a bye-pass also branching laterally from the cock and similar to the
tube J with the exception that it is not perforated on its periphery except at
the lower end just above the gas nozzle. When the plug is in the position
shewn in Figure 9 gas passes to the tube L and can be ignited forming a pilot
flame at the top end m'. This arrangement may be dispensed with, if desired, as
shewn in Figure 3.
With burners of this kind the gas may be automatically ignited by an arrangement
depending for its action on the property possessed by porous bodies especially finely
divided platinum and palladium of absorbing gases, and to this purpose I arrange
within the refractory mantle a bag of fine platinum gauze containing platinum or
palladium black.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. An incandescence gas burner having a separate cap adapted to carry the
mantle whereby the latter can be placed on and removed from the burner without
the necessity of removing the latter, substantially as described.
2. In a burner of the kind described in Claim 1 attaching the mantle to the
burner cap by means of a central rod, carried by the said cap, and of a stirrup or
support which is fixed to the mantle, before the incineration of the latter, by an
asbestos thread or by other suitable means, substantially as described.
3. In a burner of the kind described in Claim 2 covering the central rod with a
layer of refractory or non-refractory material which may be impregnated with
metallic salts or oxides as and for the purpose specified.
4. In a burner of the kind described in Claim 1 the employment of two concentric
mantles as and for the purpose set forth.
5. In an incandescence gas burner with two mantles supplying the gas to the latter
through one or two rows of holes or slits as herein before described.
6. The combination with a burner of the kind described in Claim 1 of an
ignition arrangement consisting of a tube perforated with holes or slits and
reaching to the mantle and of a small Bunsen burner which feeds the said tube as
and for the purpose specified.
7. In a burner of the kind described in the preceding claim a cock adapted
to put the supply of gas in communication with the ignition tube, or with the
mantle or with a bye-pass for the pilot flame substantially as and for the purpose,
set forth.
8. In incandescence gas burners having mantles an arrangement for igniting the
gas consisting of a bag or envelope of fine platinum gauze arranged above the
burner and containing a mixture of platinum and palladium black or one of these
substances only, substantially as and for the purpose described.
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, Loudon, Agents for the Applicant.