IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TABLE CLOTHS OR COVERS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO TOILET COVERS AND OTHER PURPOSES." PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION
Year: 1880

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Samuel Ogden, of the City of Manchester, Merchant,
and John Western, of Lancaster, Manager of Works, for an Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TABLE CLOTHS OR COVERS, WHICH
IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO TOILET COVERS AND OTHER
PURPOSES."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Samuel Ogden & John
Western at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 26th October
1880.
SAMUEL OGDEN, of the City of Manchester, Merchant, and JOHN WESTERN, of
Lancaster, Manager of Works. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TABLE
CLOTHS OR COVERS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO TOILET
COVERS AND OTHER PURPOSES."
st
The improvements relate to that kind of table cloth or cover more especially
known in the trade as 'baizes," and technically designated "imitation woods,"
"prints," "bronzes," and "mosaics," such fabrics being generally known as
imitation morrocco, embossed, and other leathers; the same consisting of a woven
fabric to form a foundation, which is covered on one side with various preparations
of oil, colours, etc., and subjected to a well-known treatment or process which it is
not necessary herein to describe, as such forms no part of this our present
Invention.
Hitherto the fabrics so treated for the purpose of manufacturing the same
into table or toilet covers and for other similar purposes have been of a plain
woven character, whereby the covers when finished have only one side which could
be well used as a wearing surface, or more correctly one surface intended to be
exposed during wear.
Now the object of our Invention is to manufacture covers of the character herein
described, which shall be capable of being reversed in wear, so as to give the
appearance of a change in material as well as design in the one cover. To accom-
plish this and to effect our improvements we prepare a fabric of a character, having
any suitable design woven therein, and in the form of a table toilet or other cover
•

page_text: "
which we produce in the loom by jacquard, dobby, or any of the well-known
processes, and which may consist of cotton, linen, wool, jute, or silk, or a mixture
of these or other textile fabrics, or the design may be printed by blocks, rollers, or
other methods upon a plain fabric, or the same may be dyed or bleached. We then
subject this fabric so prepared to the process of "baizing" before mentioned, by
which means table toilet or other covers are produced, having on one surface the
usual imitation leather or "oil cloth' appearance, and on the other the appearance
of a wool, cotton, or mixed goods cover, bearing a suitable design, or it may be
in self colours, whether dyed or printed, but of such character that either surface
may be exposed alternately, thus forming reversible table toilet or other covers.
A modification of our Invention may be made by preparing two thin covers, one a
"baize" and the other a woven or printed pattern, and preparing one side with
a suitable size or paste, and passing the two fabrics through rollers and so joining
them securely together, by which means a similar but inferior result to the
foregoing would be obtained.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by the
said Samuel Ogden & John Western in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
26th April 1881.
SAMUEL OGDEN, of the City of Manchester, Merchant, and JOHN WESTERN, of
Lancaster, Manager of Works. "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TABLE
CLOTHS OR COVERS, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO TOILET
COVERS AND OTHER PURPOSES."
"
The improvements relate to that kind of table cloth or cover more especially
known in the trade as "baizes," and technically designated "imitation woods,"
prints," bronzes," and "mosaics," such fabrics being generally known as
"imitation morocco,"
," "embossed," or other leathers, the same consisting of a woven
fabric to form a foundation, which is covered on one side with various preparations
of oil colours, &c., and subjected to a well known treatment or process which it
is not necessary herein to describe, as such forms no part of this our present
Invention.
Hitherto the fabrics so treated for the purpose of manufacturing the same into
table or toilet covers and for other similar purposes have been of a plain woven
character, whereby the covers when finished have only one side which could be
well used as a wearing surface, or more correctly one surface intended to be exposed
during wear.
Now the object of our Invention is to manufacture covers of the character
herein described, which shall be capable of being reversed in wear so as to give
the appearance of a change in material as well as design in the one cover.
To accomplish this and to effect our improvements we prepare a fabric of a
character, having any suitable design woven therein, and in the form of a table
toilet or other cover which we produce in the loom by jacquard, dobby, or any of
the well known processes, and which may consist of cotton, linen, wool, jute, or
silk, or a mixture of these or other textile fibres; or the design may be printed by
block, rollers, or other methods upon a plain fabric, or the same may be dyed
or bleached. We then subject the fabric so prepared to the usual process of
baizing" before mentioned, by which means table toilet or other covers are
produced, having on one surface the usual imitation leather or " oil cloth "
appearance, and on the other the appearance of a wool, cotton, or mixed goods
cover bearing a suitable design, or it may be quite plain but of such character that
either surface may be exposed alternately, thus forming reversible table toilet or
other covers.
"
A modification of our Invention may be made by preparing two thin covers,
one a " baize
and the other a woven or printed pattern, and preparing one side
with a suitable size or paste, and passing the two fabrics through rollers and so
joining them securely together, by which means a similar but inferior result to the
foregoing would be obtained.
Having thus described our improvements and means we adopt, in carrying the
same into effect, we would have it understood that we do not confine ourselves to
the precise details described, as these may be varied without departing from the
peculiar character of our Invention; but what we do claim is,―
"
The manufacture of table toilet or other covers having one surface thereof
baized
or prepared in imitation of "leathers," woods," "prints," "bronzes," or
"mosaics," and the other surface thereof composed of a woven or printed fabric, so as

page_text: to form a reversible cloth or cover for table toilet or other purposes, in manner
substantially as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Western, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Twenty fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and eighty one.
Witness,
W. GADD,
Consulting Engineer,
64, Barton Arcade,
Manchester.
JOHN WESTERN. (LS.)