Improvements in or relating to the Glazing, Covering and Moulding of Surfaces for Producing Material Resembling Celluloid and other Purposes.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Nov., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 4th Aug., 1900-Accepted, 6th Dec., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Glazing, Covering and Moulding
of Surfaces for Producing Material Resembling Celluloid and other
Purposes.
I, CARL HELLRIEGEL, of Koch-strasse 5, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows.-
This invention relates to improvements in or relating to the glazing, covering
and moulding of surfaces for producing material resembling celluloid, and other
purposes
ance
,
Celluloid 18 at the present time used for many decorative objects such as photo-
frames cards and the like but it has many disadvantages, for instance, the cards
fames and the like soon become out of shape, losing so beauty and good appear-
moreover celluloid is a very dangerous material being highly inflammablo
and its use must necessarily remain much limited By the improved process a
material having all the advantages of celluloid is produced whilst the disadvantages
are avoided, and moreover it is much cheaper than the former
This process
consists in the following. The cardboard suitable for the manufacture of cellu-
loid like cards, frames or the like which may be white, coloured, painted, printed
or the like and of any thickness are first covered with a layer of collodion in such
a manner that the material to be covered is arranged in a centrifugal device and
the collodium is then poured in the centre and by the centrifugal power of the
centrifuge the collodion is immediately equally distributed upon the cardboard
or the like Thereupon the sheet or the picture for further mechanical treatment
18 put on the work table of the improved apparatus which consists of a press. The
work table consists of three very thin highly polished and nickel-plated steel
plates fastened to a collar so as to be able to rotate upon a central post of the
press and arranged at 120° to one another, and lying in the same plane. The
normal position of the table 18 such that one of the three plates pro-
jects out in front of the machine whilst the two other plates are right and left
under the two press-heads of the apparatus The apparatus is 80 arranged that
the press heads are arranged side by side at an angle to one another and that
on the right hand side is constantly kept hot by means of a pipe conveying gas
or in any other suitable manner whilst the left hand press head is kept constantly
as cool as possible by means of iced water or cold air flowing through pipes pio-
vided for the purpose.
After each third turn of the work table the press makes
one press stroke and as the press heads work together being in connection, a hot
and cold pressing is done simultaneously on the right and left
The manner of working is as follows;
-
The sheet or picture or the like covered with collodion 18 put with its covered
side on the first of the three plates and the work table is then turned 120° and
the press put in action and the sheet is hot pressed Before the work table 18
turned further a second sheet or the like 18 put (with the collodion covered side
underneath) on the second plate being moved in the meantime into the position
of the fist plate the table is then again turned for 120° so that the first plate

page_text: comes under the cold press head and the second plate under the hot
piess head whilst the empty plate goes into the original position
and 18 ready for receiving a new sheet The following stroke of the
press then cold presses the previously hot pressed sheet on the like whilst at the
same time another sheet is hot pressed If the work table is again turned for
120° the plate arrives again at its original position and the sheet on it is ready
and exchanged for a new one to be pressed In this manner the machine works
without cessation and requires little supervision Of course the material can also
be highly polished on both sides If instead of smooth sheets raised objects are
to be produced with celluloid like appearance, the working plates and the two
press heads must be suitably formed but apart therefrom the process does not
differ from the above described The plates are made as thin as possible for
tiansmitting the difference of temperature in a quicker manner to the object
to be pressed Their high polish is transferred perfectly to the pressed object
Dated this 6th day of November 1899.
Improvements in or relating to the Glazing, Covering and Moulding
of Surfaces for Producing Material Resembling Celluloid and other
Purposes.
I, CARL HELLRIEGEL, of Koch-strasse 5, Berlin, in the Empire of Germany,
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what man-
ner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement.-
This invention relates to improvements in or relating to the glazing, covering
and moulding of surfaces for producing material resembling celluloid and other
purposes.
This
Celluloid is at the present time used for many decorative objects such as photo-
frames, cards and the like but it has many disadvantages, for instance the cards,
frames and the like soon become out of shape, thus losing beauty and good
appearance, moreover celluloid is a very dangerous material being highly in-
flammable and its use must necessarily remain much limited By this improved
process a material having all the advantages of celluloid is produced whilst the
disadvantages are avoided, and moreover it is much cheaper than celluloid
process consists in the following Sheets of cardboard, paper, pictures or other
material suitable for the manufacture of celluloid like cards, frames on the like
which may be white, colored, painted, printed on the like of any thickness are
first covered with a layer of diluted collodion in the following manner,
material to be covered is arranged in a centrifugal device, the collodion is then
poured on to it and 18 immediately distributed upon the cardboard or the like,
by the centrifugal foice Thereupon the sheet or picture for further mechanical
treatment is put on the work table of the press illustrated in the annexed diaw-
ing an which:
The
Fig. 1 is a perspective side view of the press, Fig 2 a partial plan view thereof
and Fig 3 a detail view Fig. 4 is a plan view section through the press by which
the impulse of the same is to be seen, with omission of the kneeleveis (kk) and
drawing rods (SS). The work table, which 18 turned by hand, consists of three
very thin highly polished and nickel plated steel plates P P 1 fastened to a
collar (B) so as to be able to rotate upon the central post (1) of the press and

page_text: arranged at an angle of 120° to one another and lying in the same plane The
normal position of the table is such that one of the three plates projects out in
front of the machine whilst the two other plates are right and left under the
two presser-heads of the apparatus as shown in Fig. 2
The construction of the press is as follow.
Two gilder presses of known construction are combined at an angle of 120°
and united in one press The left presser-head is heated by gas, which 18 con-
ducted through the pipe R2 into a forked burner, whereas the right-pressen-head
is constantly cooled by cold water which is conducted through a winding tube RR'.
The press-block (B) consisting in one piece and moveable on the three pillars (T)
is set in the known manner in an alternate up and down motion by the knee-
levers (b) which are united by drawing rods (SS) with the swinging levers (H)
by which the same every time at the end of its upward motion, causes on the
left side a hot and on the night side a cold pressure against the two upper presser-
heads As soon as it is moved down through the swinging back of the lever (H)
two plates of the working table which are movable up and down with the collar (B¹),
are brought between the presser-heads (W) and (K) and the press-block (B)
The work-man turns the work-table so far round till a locking device z springs
into one of the recesses, which are provided in the collar B¹ every time after a
turning of 120° The impulse mechanism of the press is the same as every gilder
press only with the difference, that in this press the impulse is doubled, because
as mentioned in the beginning it consists in two presses of well known construc-
tion which are combined at an angle of 120° For this reason the double existing
axles, A and C which meet at an angle of 120° are coupled together by bevel
wheels
The manner of working is as follows.
v
The sheet or picture or the like covered with diluted collodion is put with its
covered side on the first of the three plates P and the work-table 18 then turned
120° by hand and the press put in action and the sheet is hot pressed Before
the work-table is turned further a second sheet or the like is put (with the collo-
dion covered side underneath) on the second plate P₁ being moved in the mean
time into the position of the first plate; the table is then again turned for 120° so
that the first plate comes under the cold presser-head (K) and the second plate under
the hot pressei-head (W) whilst the empty plate passes into the original position and
is ready for receiving a new sheet. The following stroke of the press then cold
presses the previously hot pressed sheet or the like whilst at the same time another
sheet is hot pressed If the work table is again turned for 120° the plate arrives
again at its original position and the sheet on it is ready and
exchanged for a new one to be pressed In this manner the machine
works without cessation and requires only a person who has nothing
to
to do but to
turn the table after every stroke for 120° and
exchange every finished sheet or picture with one that is again to be pressed in
the same way
Of course the material can also be highly polished on both sides
If instead of smooth sheets raised objects are to be produced with celluloid like
appearance, the plates P P P and the two piesser heads must be suitably formed,
but apart therefrom the process does not differ from that above described. The
plates are made as thin as possible_for_quickly transmitting the difference of
temperature to the object to be pressed. Their high polish is transferred perfectly
to the pressed object.
218 a locking device of any suitable construction on the plate supporting collar
for holding the plates in the desired position
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said in-
vention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim 18:-
1 A method of producing material resembling celluloid or for producing
glass-like coverings on pictures and other articles in which suitable material

page_text: such as card-board, paper, pictures or raised objects of any colour or style is
first covered with diluted collodion suitable for the purpose in question and then
successively subjected to bot and cold pressing.
2 For the execution of the process described in Claim 1, a double press pro-
vided on one side with a hot presser-head and on the other with a cold presser-
head so that at one stroke of the press hot and cold pressure takes place simul-
taneously, in combination with a revolving work-table in three parts consisting
of thin highly polished steel plates which are caused to revolve for 120° by hand
after each stroke of the press and held by a locking device for the purpose of
enabling uninterrupted working
Dated this 4th day of August 1900.
HERBERT HADDAN & Co,
Agents to Applicant,
18, Buckingham Street, Strand, W C.