IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING MOULDS AND CORES FOR CASTING
Year: 1871

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Alexander Melville Clark, of 53, Chancery Lane,
in the County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, for the Invention of
" IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING MOULDS AND CORES FOR
CASTING." A communication from abroad by John Demarest and
Jordan Lawrence Mott, both of Mott Haven, County of West-
chester, and State of New York, United States of America.
Sealed the 1st August 1871, and dated the 26th April 1871.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Alexander Melvillo
Clark at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his .
Petition, on the 26th April 1871.
I, ALEXANDER MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the
County of Middlesex, Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING MOULDS
AND CORES FOR CASTING," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to improvements in machines for packing green
sand upon the core bars upon which they are built, and reducing the
sand to the required shape for pipe cores.

page_text: The apparatus consists in a pair of mould boxes arranged vertically on
opposite sides of a stand for supporting the core bar on horizontal slides
to move toward and from the core bar supported on the said stand
between them, and provided with apparatus to force them toward the
said bar after the sand has been sifted into the space between them and
said bar to pack the sand therein. The said mould boxes are also pro-
vided with automatically adjusting strips or bars to cover the openings
at the joints, when they are moved away from the core bar to prevent
the loose sand from escaping, which strips recede when the mould boxes
are forced together and allow the edges of said flasks to meet to
completely form the core.
The said apparatus is also applicable, with slight and obvious modifi-
cations; for making the moulds in which to cast the pipe.
The apparatus consists of a strong frame of vertical timbers of suitable
height according to the length of the corc it is desired to make, in which
arc mounted strong beams comprising two pairs of slides arranged to
slide horizontally back and forth on said frame, one pair being near
the upper ends of the vertical timbers and the other near the lower
ends. The two mould boxes are connected to these slides by brackets
projecting horizontally from them at one side, the one mould box
being connected to one pair of slides and the other mould box to the
other pair of slides. Each pair of slides is connected by a pair of toggle-
jointed arms to a vertically moving bar connected by a rod with a crank
shaft which is oscillated by a lever or any other suitable means by which
the said bar for moving the mould boxes towards or from cach other
may be worked. The said moulding boxes are preferably hinged to the
brackets of the upper pair of slides, and connected to the lower ones by
bolts arranged to allow the brackets to recede a little before they move
the mould boxes for allowing the latter to open wider at the top than at
the bottom, so that the greater quantity of sand which would be at the
bottom (by reason of the packing of it at the bottom more closely than
at the top in consequence of falling the greater distance) will be com-
pensated for by the greater opening at the top. Suitable steps may be
provided to prevent the lower ends of the flasks from going back as far
as the brackets do by the pressure of the sand. These flasks are pro-
vided with semicircular grooves, or grooves of other shape according to
the shape the core is required to be, and they are adjusted on the slides
so as to be brought close together for packing the sand on the core bar,
which is placed at the centre between them on a stand and supported at

page_text: the top in any suitable way, the grooves of the mould boxes being as
much larger than the core bar as the thickness the sand is to be on it.
As the edges of the mould boxes will be so separated when the mould
boxes are moved back to receive the loose sand that it would escape
between them, I provide triangular strips or gates for covering the said
openings, which strips are connected to one of the mould boxes by a link
and cleats, the link holding it against the edge of the mould box and
allowing it to rise and fall, and the cleats holding it from swinging away
from the opening, also serving in connection with other cleats on the
other mould box and blocks on the said strips with bevelled lower edges
to force the strips up and allow them to recede when the mould boxes
come together, as it is necessary for them to recede from the space
between the mould boxes, and so that when the latter separate again
they will fall back by their gravity to the position for closing the
openings. The strips are caused to recede by the action of the edges of
the mould boxes on the bevelled sides of the said strips, and this forces
them up also by the action of the bevelled blocks on the cleats, which
are rebated, so that the parts whereon the said bevelled blocks work are
as far from the sides of the flasks as the thickness of the strips.
•
As the movements of the mould boxes on the parts at and about the
edges are not so directly towards the core bar as the movements of
the parts at the bottom of the grooves, it follows that the sand would be
packed much harder on the sides opposite the bottoms of the mould
boxes than at the sides opposite the edges, consequently I propose,
especially when forming large cores, to make the core bar oval and
arrange the shortest diameter in the plane of the movements of the
mould boxes, so that there will be a greater thickness of sand thereat,
which although moved more towards the core shaft will not be packed
harder than at the opposite sides of the core shaft.
I propose also to make use of this plan of operating mould boxes for
forming cores to make the moulds for casting the pipe, in which case a
pattern would be substituted for one of the mould boxes, to be used in
connection with a box which would be attached to the brackets, so as to
be removed readily after the sand is packed in it, and the mould formed
to place it with. the other part for casting, or the pattern may be
removed and another box arranged in place of it for closing with the one
first mentioned, and strong plates or beams will be arranged behind the
mould boxes for driving keys between them and the boxes for closing

page_text: them together firmly when the metal is to be poured, or other means for
securing them may be employed. The patterns will have ribs attached
for making the moulds for the running in of the metal. The sand will
be sifted in from above between the mould box and the pattern when
they are separated in this case, as in the other, and the mould box and
pattern will be pressed together to pack the sand and complete the
shape. The grates will also be used in this case as in the other.
I do not propose to limit myself to the vertical rod and the toggle-
jointed arms for working the mould boxes, for other obvious arrange-
ments of means may be employed, and perhaps with as good results, 1
although this arrangement has the quality of increasing the pressure on
the sand as the resistance increases, and is therefore specially favorable
to the requirements of the case.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Alexander Melville Clark in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 12th October 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ALEXANDER
MELVILLE CLARK, of 53, Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria by Hera
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of April, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-one, in the thirty-
fourth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Alexander Melville Clark, Her special
licence that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, my executors, admi- 2
nistrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Alexander Melville
Clark, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time
agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times there-
after during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ircland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Inven-
tion for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING MOULDS AND CORES FOR
CASTING," a communication to me from abroad by John Demarest and

page_text: Jordan Lawrence Mott, both of Mott Haven, County of Westchester,
and State of New York, United States of America, upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, my exe-
cutors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their,
or one of their hands and scals, should particularly describe and ascertain
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same was
to be performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent
Office within six calendar months next and immediately after the date
of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement, reference being had to the Sheet of
Drawings hereunto annexed, and to the letters and figures marked
thcrcon (that is to say) :-
:―
This Invention relates to improvements in machines for packing
green sand upon the core bars upon which they are built, and reducing
the sand to the required shape for pipe cores.
It consists in a pair of mould boxes arranged vertically on opposite
sides of a stand for supporting the core bar on horizontal slides to move
toward and from the core bar supported in the said stand between them,
and provided with apparatus to force them toward the said bar after the
sand has been sifted into the space between them and said bar to pack
the sand therein. The said mould boxes are also provided with auto-
matically adjusting strips or bars to cover the openings at the joints
when they are moved away from the core bar to prevent the loose sand
from escaping, which strips recede when the mould boxes are forced
together, and allow the edges of said flasks to meet to completoly form
the core.
The said apparatus is also applicable, with slight and obvious
modifications, for making the moulds in which to cast the pipe.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
Figure 1 is a rear elevation of the improved core moulding machine;
Figure 2 is a sectional elevation on the line x, x, of Figure 3; Figure 3
is a horizontal section on the line y, y, of Figure 1; Figure 4 is a
partial front elevation; Figure 5 is a horizontal section of one of the
mould boxes and the core bar; and Figure 6 is a horizontal section of

page_text: the mould boxes as they would be modified for making the moulds for
casting the pipe.
A is a strong frame of vertical timbers B of suitable height, according
to the length of the core it is desired to make; C and C" represent
strong beams, comprising two pairs of slides arranged to slide hori-
zontally back and forth on said frame, onc pair being near the upper
ends of the beams B, and the other near the lower ends; D and D'
represent the two mould boxes, which are connected to these slides by
brackets E projecting horizontally from them at one side, D being
connected to slides C, and D¹ to slides C'. Each pair of slides is con-
nected by a pair of toggle-jointed arms F to a vertically moving bar G,
which is connected by a rod I with a crank shaft K, which is oscillated
by a lever or any other suitable means by which the bar G for moving
the mould boxes towards or from each other may be worked. The said
moulding boxes are preferably hinged to the brackets E of the upper
pair of slides, as shown at L, and connected to the lower ones by
bolts M arranged to allow the brackets to recede a little before they
move the mould boxes for allowing the latter to open wider at the-top
than at the bottom, so that the greater quantity of sand which would be
at the bottom by reason of the packing of it at the bottom more closely
than at the top in consequence of falling the greater distance will bo
compensated for by the greater opening at the top. Suitable steps may
be provided to prevent the lower ends of the flasks from going back as
far as the brackets do by the pressure of the sand. These flasks are
provided with the semicircular grooves N, or grooves of other shape
according to the shape the core is required to be, and they are adjusted
on the slides so as to be brought close together for packing the sand
on the core bar O, which is placed at the centre between them on a
stand P, and supported at the top in any suitable way, the grooves of
the mould boxes being as much larger than the core bar O as the
thickness the sand is to be on it. As the edges Q of the mould boxes
will be so separated when the mould boxes are moved back to receive
the loose sand that it would escape between them, I provide the
triangular strips or gates R for covering the said openings, which strips
are connected to one of the mould boxes by a link S and cleats T, the
link holding it against the edge of the mould box, and allowing it to
rise and fall, and the cleats T holding it from swinging away from the
opening, also serving in connection with other cleats T¹ on the other
mould box and cleats U on the said strips with bevelled lower edges V

page_text: to force the strips up and allow them to recede when the mould boxes
come together, as it is necessary for them to recede from the space
between the mould boxes, and so that when the latter separate again
they will fall back by their gravity to the position for closing the
openings. The strips are caused to recede by the action of the edges Q
of the mould boxes on the bevelled sides of the said strips, and this
forces them up also by the action of the bevelled blocks V on the
cleats T, T", which are rebated, so that the parts W, Figure 2, whereon
the said bevelled blocks V work are as far from the sides of the flasks
as the thickness of the strips R.
As the movements of the mould boxes on the parts at and about the
edges Q are not so directly towards the core bar as the movements of
the parts at the bottom of the grooves, it follows that the sand would
be packed much harder on the sides opposite the bottoms of the mould
boxes than at the sides opposite the edges Q, consequently I propose,
especially when forming largo cores, to make the core bar oval, as
represented in Figure 5, and arrange the shortest diameter in the plane
of the movements of the mould boxes, so that there will be a greater
thickness of sand thereat, which, although moved more towards the corc
shaft, will not be packed harder than at the opposite sides of the core
shaft.
I propose also to make use of this plan of operating mould boxes for
forming cores to make the moulds for casting the pipe, in which case a
pattern a, Figure 6, would be substituted for one of the mould boxes to
be used in connection with the box b, which would be attached to the
brackets E, so as to be removed readily after the sand is packed in it and
the mould formed to place it with the other part for casting, or the
pattern a may be removed and another box arranged in place of it for
closing with box b, and strong plates or beams will be arranged behind
the mould boxes for driving keys between them and the boxes for
closing them together firmly when the metal is to be poured, or other
means for securing them may be employed. The patterns a will have
ribs a¹ attached for making the moulds for the running in of the metal.
The sand will be sifted in from above between the mould box and the
pattern when they are separated in this case as in the other, and the
mould box and pattern will be pressed together to pack the sand and
complete the shape. The gates R will also be used in this case as in
the other

page_text: Having described the nature of the Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, I would observe that I do not propose to limit
myself to the vertical rod G and the toggle-jointed arms for working the
mould boxes, for other obvious arrangements of means may be employed,
and perhaps with as good results, although this arrangement has the
quality of increasing the pressure on the sand as the resistance increases,
and is, therefore, specially favorable to the requirements of the case;
but what I claim as the Invention to be protected by the herein-before
in part recited Letters Patent is,―
1st. The arrangement of a pair of mould boxes or a mould box and
a pattern vertically on sliding supports, which move them towards or
from each other, the said mould boxes or mould box and pattern being
provided with gates R for closing the spaces between them when open,
and all operating substantially in the manner described.
2ndly. The arrangement of the triangular gates R with the mould
boxes whereby they are automatically operated, all substantially as
specified.
3rdly. The combination with the mould boxes and sliding sup-
ports C, C¹, of the toggle-jointed arm F and bar G, substantially as
specified.-.
4thly. The mould boxes arranged substantially as herein described
for opening wider at the top than at the bottom, substantially as
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have
hereunto set my hand and scal, this Twelfth day of Octobor, 2
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-one.
specified.
3rdly. The combination with the mould boxes and sliding sup-
ports C, C¹, of the toggle-jointed arm F and bar G, substantially as
specified..
4thly. The mould boxes arranged substantially as herein described
for opening wider at the top than at the bottom, substantially as
specified.
In witness whereof, I, the said Alexander Melville Clark, have
hereunto set my hand and scal, this Twelfth day of Octobor,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
seventy-one.
Witness,
JAS. O. DEWEY,
53, Chancery Lane,
London.
A. M. CLARK. (L.S.)