Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 16th May, 1888
Specification Accepted, 12th Feb., 1889
I, MARLA FORESTIER, of 6 Quai de Willebroeck, Molenbeek-Saint-Jean, near
Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention has for object to provide a safety cock for obtaining a hermetic
closing by means of several discs such closing being effected gradually in passages for
liquids, steam or gas.
The invention consists in the employment of two or more discs bearing against two
or more separate seatings the first disc being operated directly by a rod which is
moved by operating a screw or in any other suitable manner, the second and following
discs being forced by the action of a spring or by a suitable elastic substance to
bear against the second and following seats so as to form tight joints.
The drawings clearly show the operation of the cocks thus constructed.
Figure 1 shews a vertical cock. On the rod T, screw threaded for a certain portion
of its length S, S to receive an up and down motion by turning the wing nut M, is
mounted a metal disc D formed integral with the rod T.
Above the disc D surrounding the rod T is a ring C of elastic material which
supports a second metal disc D₁ free to slide on the rod T as far as the stop or
pin G.
Figure 1 shews the cock closed.
Figure 2 shews the cock open.
Figure 3 shews the cock when the opening of the second disc D¹ is about to be
effected the first disc D having left its seat and the elastic substance between the
two discs having retaken its original shape.
Figure 2 represents the cock open and shews the position of the discs and of the
elastic substance when by operating the wing nut M the rod T has been lowered
sufficiently to allow of the free passage of the liquid or fluid.
The two discs D and D¹ and the elastic ring, figure 1, are placed in a chamber
provided with the two seats against which the discs D and D' bear. As the height
of this chamber between the seats is less than the height h¹ of the elastic material
D

page_text: when not compressed it is obvious that by bringing the disc D against its seat, which
is effected by turning the wing nut M, the disc D¹ will be forced against its seat
and the elastic ring will be forced into the chamber. In the drawing this chamber
is of the form of a truncated cone but it can be of cylindrical; spherical or other
suitable form. By means of the apparatus shewn in Figures 1, 2 and 3 the following
advantages can be obtained; (1) An efficient closing by the disc D bearing against
its seat (2) A complete filling of the chamber by the elastic ring C and consequently
a second closing (3) A closing by the disc D¹ bearing against its seat.
In practice and to provide against the effects of wear the elastic ring C can be at
first slightly too large so that the disc D at first will not bear against its seat.
As the
Under these conditions the closing is only effected by the interposition of the elastic
ring C which being pressed-by-the disc D completely fills the intermediate chamber
and at the same time forces the moveable disc D' to bear against its seat.
ring wears the disc D will approach closer to its seat until at length after the cock has
been in use for several years it will itself effect the closing. The seats of the discs D
and D are of course made perfectly true so as to form perfect joints.
The cock is provided at the upper part with an ordinary stuffing box and at the
lower part with a large chamber adapted for the passage of the liquid by any of
the methods usually employed. By unscrewing the joint A A and removing the
pin which fixes the wing nut M on the rod T, the rod T the discs and the clastic
ring can be withdrawn whereby the elastic ring C can be easily and quickly removed
and replaced by a fresh ring when necessary.
The elastic ring can in some cases he divided into several parts by plates of metal
as represented at figure 5. In cases where the pressure of the liquid or fluid is slight
the two discs D and D' can be dispensed with when the cock would consist simply of
an elastic ring making a tight joint by its periphery only as represented at figure 4
which shews the cock closed. In this case it is simply the play of the elastic ring C
when the rod is moved in the direction of the arrow which effects a closing which
will be more effectual as the force exerted on the rod is increased. By making the
chamber in which this closing is effected of a truncated conical form and sufficiently
long I compensate for the wear of the elastic ring but it is necessary for this purpose
to screw thread the rod T for the necessary length.
A cock of this description is well adapted for use for drawing off acids, by suitably
combining glass, ebonite, india rubber and other materials little liable to be deteriorated
by acids.
As it is advantageous in some cases to dispense with the use of organic elastic
material I sometimes make use. of the arrangement shewn in figures 6 and 10 in
which the elastic substance is replaced by an ordinary steel spiral spring. Figures 6
and 7 shew one of the arrangements adopted in this case.
The upper dise D is rigidly fixed to the rod T which extends below the disc and is
provided at its end with a small metal ring a, a screwed thereto on which rests the
end of a spiral spring R; the other end of the spring bears against the upper part
of the box which constitutes the disc D¹ and causes the disc to bear against its
seating.
To open the cock it is merely necessary by means of the screw to give a downward
movement to the rod T the disc D will then be moved from its seat and the end
of the rod T will come against the bottom F made integral with the disc D¹ which
will be thereby forced from its seat and will allow a free passage to the liquid. The
pressure of the fluid tends to force the discs against their seats and the greater the
pressure the firmer will the disc D¹ be forced against its seat thus itself effecting
the closing desired.
The opening for the liquid is produced gradually the disc D first leaves its seat while
the disc D owing to the tension of the spring and the pressure of the liquid will only
leave its seat after the first disc and without any shock or concussion.
Figures 8 and 9 represent a valve or cock which closes automatically; pressure is
exerted on the rod by the person using the apparatus pulling a handle P towards him
for the purpose of gradually effecting the opening of the discs D and D'.

page_text: Figure 8 shews the cock closed. The spring R' serves to automatically return the
disc D¹ to its normal or closed position and to keep it against its seat; this disc D¹ by
means of the spring R causes pressure against the disc D and forces it against
its seat.
Figure 9 shews the positions of the discs D and D₁ and of the springs R and R¹
when by means of the handle P the rod T is depressed. The disc ▷ first leaves its
seat and compresses the spring R. When the end of the rod T touches the bottom of
the chamber formed in the disc D₁ the latter is depressed and thereby compresses the
spring R' thus allowing of a free passage for the liquid which passes off in the direction
shewn by the arrows in the drawing. (It will be understood that the opening O need
not be central). A double automatic closing is thus obtained..
Figures 10 and 11 are modifications of the arrangement just described the object.
being to prevent the contact of the springs R and R₁ with liquids, gases or steam."
By pressing on the knob B the spring R will be compressed and the discs D and D¹
will be moved from their seats as will be seen by reference to Figure 11. The
spring R is first extended owing to the rod T being depressed the disc D¹ is then
removed from its seat when the end of the rod T comes against the bottom of the
chamber formed in the disc D¹. In order that the spring R' may be entirely
prevented from coming in contact with the liquid or fluid a stuffing box b is provided
in the upper part against which bears the end of the spring R¹. The spring Ⓡ should
be stronger than the spring R¹.
In this case as in those preceding, the rod T and the discs D and D¹ can be
removed by unscrewing the parts A A and removing the ping and the knob B.
It will be obvious that an additional disc could be employed acting in the same
manner as the moveable disc hereinbefore described with reference to figures 5 to 10.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is
1. The employment of an elastic material in the manner shown in Figures 1 to 4 of.
the accompanying drawings for obtaining a hermetic closing in liquid, steam or gas
cocks or valves.
2. The double or triple closing obtained by two discs one of which is caused to bear
directly on its seat by operating a handle connected to a screw-threaded rod carrying
the said disc, the other disc, forming a safety closing, being forced against its seat by
the action of an elastic material or of a spring.
3. The arrangement of cock automatically closing by the action of two springs one
of which serves to always bring the disc fixed on the rod to the closing position whilst
the other spring acts on the second disc moveable upon the rod in the manner referred
to in Claim 2 for forming a second safety closing.
4. The improved cocks or valves hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
various figures of the accompanying drawings.
Dated the 16th day of May 1888
G. F. REDFERN & Co.,
4, South Street, Finsbury, London,
Agents for the Applicant.