IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN CONJUNCTION WITH MOORING AND OTHER CABLES WHEN IT IS DESIRED TO ESTABLISH ELECTRICAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN A MOORED LIGHT-SHIP OR OTHER VESSEL, AND. SOME PLACE AT A DISTANCE THERE FROM WHETHER ON SHORE OR OTHERWISE to be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: We, THOMAS COCKSHOTT, of 40 Calvert Road, East Greenwich, in the County
of Kent, Lighterman; and HENRY MARTIN GOODMAN, of Avalon, Catford in the
County of Kent, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of said invention
for "IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN CONJUNCTION WITH
MOORING AND OTHER CABLES WHEN IT IS DESIRED TO ESTABLISH ELECTRICAL
COMMUNICATION BETWEEN A MOORED LIGHT-SHIP OR OTHER VESSEL, AND. SOME
PLACE AT A DISTANCE THERE FROM WHETHER ON SHORE OR OTHERWISE to be as
follows:-
"
This invention relates to improved means or apparatus to be employed in
conjunction with mooring and other cables when it is desired to establish electrical
communication between a moored light-ship or other vessel or floating station and
soine place at a distanco therefrom whether on shore or otherwise.
In the specification of prior Letters Patent granted to us and dated the 16th day
of January A.D. 1882, Nº 216, we described and illustrated apparatus for preventing
the fouling of chains and submarine telegraph or other cables. In that apparatus
a drun or flanged cylinder carrying a length of telegraph cable was arranged
concentrically with and upon a tube or hollow shaft through which the anchor
chain or cable is passed.
Now according to our present invention a bobbin reel or drum designed to
receive part of the telegraph cable is mounted in such a manner as to be capable
of movement in a rotary sense, not only about the axis of the tube or hollow shaft
through which the mooring chain or cable passes, but also about a centre or axis at
right angles to the axis of the said tube or hollow shaft. A swivel or pivot is for
this purpose introduced between the bobbin reel or drum frame or carrier and the
tube or hollow shaft.
With this arrangement not only can the reel or drum be swivalled about the
pivot or axis of its supporting frame or carrier, but also the frame or carrier and
.
11

page_text: reel or drum can move round with the tube or hollow shaft when the latter is
rotated about its own axis. By these means fouling of the mooring chain or cable
with the telegraph cable may be obviated, or should it occur, the two can be readily
untwisted or cleared. The object in this arrangement of making the reel or drum
with its frame or carrier able to rotato about an axis at right angles to that of the
tube or hollow shaft is to guard against excessive twisting of the telegraph cable
that might otherwise result when the light-ship or other moored vessel was caused
to swing round its anchor or other mooring by tides, gales, or otherwise. Such
undue twisting is to be prevented, according to our invention, by noting the
direction in which the moored light-ship or other vessel is swinging and turning
the frame or carrier with its reel or drum about the swivel or pivot whereby it is
connected to the tube or hollow shaft thereby giving the telegraph cable a twist in
an opposite direction to that imparted or being imparted to it by the swinging of
the ship or vessel.
A weight or lond may be provided to counterbalance the frame or carrier and
bobbin reel or drum, thus guarding against undue straining of the tube or hollow
shaft.
In a modification of the before described apparatus, in lieu of making the reel or
drum frame or carrier to turn about an axis at right angles to that of the tube or
hollow shaft it is arranged to be capable of movement in a rotary sense about an
axis parallel to that of the tube or hollow shaft such axis being carried by a disc,
plate or equivalent mounted upon the tube or hollow shaft, so as to partake of its
rotary motion, suitable gear for rotating the disc or equivalent and tube being
provided. The frame carrying the reel or drum is insulated from the disc, plate or
equivalent to which it is pivotted. Upon the axis of the bobbin reel or drum in
either case is a flanged friction drum around which passes a friction strap the
pressure of which on the friction. drum may be adjusted in any well known and
convenient manner. This strap when in operation is prevented by a suitable stop
from turning with its drum. Also on the reel or druin axis there is a spur wheel
with which a spur pinion gears whereby the reel or drum is actuated for winding
telegraph cable upon it. Then by applying a cranked handle to the pinion the
reel or drum may be caused to rotate and wind up any unnecessary slack telegraph
cable, which, being done, the drum may be left as it will pay out cable automatically
if so required owing to veering away of the mooring cable during gales of wind
or heavy weather, the automatic paying out being effected with more or less
freedom according to the adjustment of the friction brake. For the purpose of
maintaining perfect electrical connection between the telegraph cable and the
instruments in the operators room we provide at the end of the reel or drum
opposite to that at which the friction brake is situate, a metal ring, disc or plate
insulated from the reel or drum but electrically connected with the inner end of
the telegraph cable that is coiled upon the reel or drum. Attached to but insulated
from the reel or drum frame or carrier at this end of the reel or drum is a metal
contact strip stud or spring that bears upon the metal ring disc or plate above
mentioned thus ensuring electrical continuity at all times. An insulated wire or
small cable lead connected with the contact spring passes to the instruments in the
operators room.
In other respects the apparatus employed may resemble that described in our
former specification above referred to. In that specification we stated that to
prevent damage to the telegraph cable by its contact with the ground on which it
lies through the currents, wash of the sea or the swinging of the vessel we arranged
and moored in a suitable position a cheese shaped weight having a hemispherical
top and through which weight was passed the telegraph cable. Now, in order to
facilitate the passage over the ground or sub-aqueous bed of that portion of the
telegraph cable situate between the weight and the moored light-ship or vessel, we
thread upon the said cable a series of chaling pipes or hollow rollers. These pipes
or rollers may be of any convenient length thickness and diameter-their interior
end portions being bell-mouthed and rounded off to prevent their damaging or

page_text: nipping the cable. Such pipes or hollow rollors will also aid in preventing abrasion
of or other damage to the cable by its passage, assisting it over the bed of the sea.
To allow of repairing the rotary hawse-pipe mentioned in our said former
specification we provide in the forward portion of the light-ship or vessel and above
that pipe a second or supplementary rotary hawse-pipe similar to but shorter than
the other and this supplementary hawse pipe may be arranged in a position moro
or less approaching horizontal. For the purpose of supporting the chain and cable
lying between the supplementary hawse pipe and the cable-tube or hollow shaft
already mentioned we provide a third rotary hawse-pipe similar to the second or
supplementary one just referred to and supported in a standard which may be
temporarily secured to the deck of the light ship or vessel.
W. LLOYD WISE,
Applicants' Agent.

page_text: We, TпомлS COCKSшOTT, of 40 Calvert Rond, East Greenwich, in the County of
Kent, Lighterman; and HENRY MARTIN GOODMAN, of Avalon, Catford, in the
County of Kent, Electrical Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of our invention
for "IMPROVED MEANS OR APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN CONJUNCTION WITH!
MOORING AND OTHER CARLES WHEN IT IS DESIRED TO ESTABLISH ELECTRICAL,
COMMUNICATION BETWEEN A MOORED LIGHT-SHIP OR OTHER VESSEL AND SOME
"and in
PLACE AT A DISTANCE THEREFROM WHETHER ON SHORE OR OTHERWISE
what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described in and by
the following statement :-
This invention relates to improved means or apparatus to be employed in
conjunction with mooring and other cables when it is desired to establish
electrical communication between a moored light ship or other vessel or floating
station and some place at a distance therefrom whether on shore or otherwise.
In the specification of prior Letters Patent granted to us and dated the 16th day
of Jununry A.D. 1882 No 216 we described and illustrated apparatus for preventing
the fouling of chains and submarine telegraph or other cables. In that apparatus a
drum or flanged cylinder carrying a length of telegraph cable was arranged
concentrically with and upon a tubo or hollow shaft through which the anchor
chain or cable is passed:
Now according to our present invention a bobbin reel or drum designed to
receive part of the telegraph cable is mounted in such a manner as to be capable of
movement in a rotary sense, not only about the axis of the tube or hollow shaft
through which the mooring chain or cable passes, but also about a contre or axis
at right angles to the axis of the said tube or hollow shaft. A swivel or pivot is
for this purpose introduced between the bobbin reel or drum framo or carrier and
the tube or hollow shaft.
With this arrangement not only can the reel or drum be swivelled about the
pivot or axis of its supporting fraine or carrier, but also the frame or carrier and
recl or drum can move round with the tube or hollow shaft when the latter is
rotated about its own axis. By these means fouling of the mooring chain or cable
with the telegraph cable may be obviated, or should it occur, the two can be readily
untwisted or cleared. The object in this arrangement of making the reel or drum
with its frame or carrier able to rotate about an axis at right angles to that of the
tube or hollow shaft is to guard against excessive twisting of the telegraph cable
that might otherwise result when the light-ship or other moored vessel was caused
to swing round its anchor or other mooring by tides, gales, or otherwise. Such
undue twisting is to be prevented, according to our invention; by noting the
direction in which the moored lightship or other vessel is swinging and turning the
frame or carrier with its reel or drum about the swivel or pivot whereby it is
connected to the tube or hollow shaft thereby giving the telegraph cable a twist in
an opposite direction to that imparted or being imparted to it by the swinging of
the ship or vessel.
A weight or lond may be provided to counterbalance the frame or carrier and
bobbin reel or drum, thus guarding against undue straining of the tube or hollow
shaft.
In a modification of the before described apparatus, in lieu of making the reel or
drum frame or carrier to turn about an axis at right angles to that of the tube or
hollow shaft it is arranged to be capable of movement in a rotary sense about an

page_text: axis parallel to that of the tube or hollow shaft such axis beingcarried by a disc
plate or equivalent mounted upon the tube or hollow shaft, so as to partake of its
rotary motion, suitable gear for rotating the disc or equivalent and tubo being
provided. The frame carrying the reel or drum is or may be insulated from the
disc plate or equivalent to which it is pivotted. Upon the axis of the bobbin reel
or drum in either case is a flanged friction drum around which passes a friction
strap the pressure of which on the friction drum may be adjusted in any well known
and convenient manner. This strap when in operation is prevented by a suitable
stop from turning with its drum. Also on the reel or drum axis there is a spur
wheel with which a spur pinion gears whereby the recl or drum is actuated for
winding telegraph cable upon it. Then by applying a cranked handle to the pinion
the reel or drum may be caused to rotate and wind up any unnecessary slack
telegraph cable, which, being done, the drum may be left as it will pay out cable
automatically if so required owing to veering away of the mooring cable during
gales of wind or heavy weather, the automatic paying out being effected with more
or less freedom according to the adjustment of the friction brake. For the purpose
of maintaining perfect electrical connection between the telegraph cable and the
instruments in the operators rooin we provide at the end of the reel or drum
opposite to that at which the friction brake is situato a metal ring, disc or plate
insulated from the reel or drum but electrically connected with the inner end of the
telegraph cable that is coiled upon the reel or druin. Attached to but insulated from
the reel or drum frame or carrier at this end of the reel or drum is a metal contact
strip stud or spring that normally bears upon the metal ring disc or plate abovo
mentioned thus ensuring electrical continuity at all times. An insulated wire or
small cable lead connected with the contact spring passes to the instrument in the
operators room.
In other respects the apparatus employed may resemble that described in our
former specification above referred to. In that specification we stated that to
prevent damage to the telegraph cable by its contact with the ground on which it
lies through the currents, wash of the sea, or the swinging of the vessel we arranged
and moored in a suitable position a cheese shaped weight having a hemispherical
top and through which weight was passed the telegraph cable. Now, in order to
facilitate the passage over the ground or sub-aqueous bed of that portion of the
telegraph cable situate between the weight and the moored light-ship or vessel wo
thread upon the said cable a series of chafing pipes or hollow rollers. These pipes
or rollers may be of any convenient length thickness and diameter their interior
end portions being bell-mouthed and rounded off to provent their damaging or
nipping the cable. Such pipes or hollow rollers will also aid in preventing
abrasion of or other damage to the cable by its passage, assisting it over the bed of
the sca.
To allow of repairing the rotary hawse pipe mentioned in our said former
specification wo provide in the forward portion of the light-ship or vessel and
above that pipe a second or supplementary rotary hawse pipe similar to but
shorter than the other and this supplementary hawse pipe may be arranged in a
position more or less approaching horizontal. For the purpose of supporting the
chain and cable lying between the supplementary hawse pipe and the cable tube or
hollow shaft already mentioned we provide a third rotary hawse-pipe similar to
the second or supplementary one just referred to and supported in a standard which
may be temporarily secured to the deck of the light-ship or vessel.
In the accompanying 2 sheets of drawings Fig 1 is a side view of one form of
apparatus according to our present invention and Fig 2 is a plan of the same.
Fig 3 is a detached front view of the cable drum and its supporting frame or
carrier. Fig 4, is a side view of a modified form of apparatus and Fig 5 is a plan
or top view of the same. Figs 6 and 7 are front and rear views of the cable druin
supporting plate and attached parts shown in Figs 4 and 5. Figs 8 shew partly in
side elevation partly in longitudinal section and partly in transverse section n.
rotatory hawse pipe and means for rotating it and Fig 9 is a broken plan or top

page_text: [
view partly in section of the same. Fig 10 is a side view, partly in section, of a
portion of a moored light ship or other vessel showing the application of our
invention thereto. Fig 11 shews to a larger scale one of the chafing pipes.
Referring to Figs 1, 2, and 3 ;-
a is the tube or hollow shaft carried in the frame or support b so as to be capable
of being rotated therein by the bevil wheels c. c¹ and handle wheel c² or by other
equivalent or suitable means. is a detent or projection taking into the gear
wheel c secured to or formed in one with the bevil wheel c whereby the latter
may be held in any desired position. d is the mooring chain or cable which
passes through the tube or hollow shaft a. c is the cable reel or drum supported
in the frame or carrier f which is pivotted to the supporting ring gat g' in such
manner as to be capable of movement in a rotary sense, not only about the axis of
the tube or hollow shaft, through which the mooring chain or cable passes and to
which the said ring g is secured as shewn, but also about a centre or axis at right
angles to the axis of the said tube or hollow shaft. g³ is a counter weight to the
cable drum and its supporting frame. is a length of telegraph cable on the
cable drum and connected at one end with the submarine cable as shewn in Fig 10
its other end being in electrical communication with the metal ring disc or plate h¹
insulated from the cable drum c by the ring disc or plate h² of insulating material.
i is a metallic strip in rubbing contact with the plate and electrically connected
with the electric conductor or lead; passing to the telegraph instruments in the
operator's room thus ensuring perfect electric continuity with any place at a
distance. is a gear wheel secured to the axis of the cable drum e and gearing
with the pinion supported in the frame or carrier f. is a cranked handle
secured to the shaft of the pinion k¹ whereby the cable drum. may be rotated and
thus wind up any unnecessary slack cable when desired. is a strap encircling a
flanged friction drum secured to the shaft c¹³ of the cable drum e the projecting
ends of the strap being connected by a screwed bolt at whereby the pressure of
the strap on the friction drum may be adjusted in a well known manner. m is a
pin secured to and projecting from the frame or carrier f for preventing the friction
strap from rotating with the friction drum and for ensuring the necessary friction
between them to allow of the telegraph cable being regularly and automatically
paid out during the veering away of the mooring chain or cable. n. n are movable
rods secured to the sides of the frame or support b for holding the frame or carrier f
in the position shown in the drawings when the light ship or other vessel to which
the apparatus is applied is quietly riding at anchor. o is a circular plate disc or
dial secured to or formed in one with the supporting ring g and on which are
engraved or otherwise marked the points of the mariner's compass or a compass
card may be secured to the upper surface of the plate o in any convenient manner.
is a pointer or index secured to the frame or carrier f and arranged just above
the compass dial o whereby the extent to which the said framo or carrier is to be
rotated may be accurately seen.
In the modification shown in Figs 4, 5, 6 and 7 the cable drum e with its
supporting frame f instead of being pivotted to the tube or hollow shaft a as
herein before described and shewn in Figs 1, 2 and 3 is pivotted at g¹ to and carried
by a ring disc or plate g in such a manner that it may rotate about an axis parallel
to that of the tube or hollow shaft a. For this purpose a pivot or shaft f¹ on the
frame or support passes through a hole in the plate y and carries at the rear side
of said plate ga spur wheel r gearing with a pinion 7 carried by the plate y and
provided with a hand wheel whereby the cable drum may be readily rotated to
any extent, a compass card o on the rear side of the disc or plate g and a pointer p
secured to the spur wheel r enabling this to be done to an exact degree. is a
detent with teeth passing through a hole in the frame or support band gearing
with the bevel wheel c in lieu of gearing with a spur wheel secured to the back of
the said bevel wheel c as hereinbefore described. In other respects the apparatus
is substantially the same as that above described with reference to Figs 1, 2 and 3
and is similarly lettered,

page_text: 8 is a rotary hawse pipe (shewn in Figs 8, 9 and 10) provided with a central
hole & through which the mooring chain or cable d passes to the mushroom t and
with another hole s* at one side of the said hole s¹, through which the telegraph
cable passes to the cheese shaped weight as clearly shown in Fig 10. This
hawse pipes which is substantially the same as that described in the former
Specification herein before mentioned is rotated about its axis by means of the hand
wheels and bevel wheels 838 or other equivalent means and is carried in the
forward part of the light ship or other vessel as shewn in Fig 10. In order that
it may be easily rotated its upper and lower end portions are supported by
rollers &, those at its lower end portion only being shown in the drawings. 5 aro
rollers against which the lower slightly tapered end of the hawse pipe & abuts,
whereby the friction due to its end thrust is reduced. The rollers and 8 are
carried by a frame 87. Any other convenient means of supporting the hawse pipo
may however be adopted. v. v are a series of bell-mouthed chafing pipes or hollow
rollers shown to an enlarged scale in Fig 11. They may be constructed of metal
or wood. A number of these pipes or rollers are threaded on that portion h¹ of the
telegraph cable situate between the weight u and light-ship was shown in Fig 10
for the purposes hereinbefore mentioned. is the supplementary rotary hawse pipe
similar to and arranged above the hawse pipes in an approximately horizontal
position, and carried by rollers in a frame ² secured to the ship. The inner
projecting end portion of this hawse pipe is provided with holes or perforations
for the insertion of hand spikes for rotating it, or other suitable means may be
employed for the purpose., a, are dotted lines showing the position of the
nooring chain and telegraph cable respectively when this supplementary hawse
pipe is used, the said chain or cable being supported if desired by a third rotary
hawse pipo not shown but similar to the hawse pipe x just described, supported in
a standard secured to the deck of the light ship or vessel and situate between the
said supplementary hawse pipe x and the cable drum e.
Between the rotary hawse pipes 8 or x and the cable drum e we may arrange a
dynamometer provided with a graduated scale and over or through which the
telegraph cable passes whereby the strain on it at any time, as when hauling in or
veering away in gales, may be indicated and regulated in a manner well understood.
The operation of our improved apparatus is as follows: Supposing the light ship or
other vessel to be riding at anchor as shown in Fig 10, the stationary submerged
portion of the telegraph cable after passing through a hole in the weight u rises
upward as shown, passes through the rotary hawse pipes and round the cable
drum e and as its inner end is in electrical communication with the instruments in
the operator's room by means of the metal contact strip i telegraphic communication
with any distant placo is always ensured even during the veering away of the
mooring chain or cable as the telegraph cable at such time is automatically paid
out as hereinbefore described. As the ship swings round its mushroom or other
mouring owing to the action of tides, gales or other causes, the mooring chain and
telegraph cable tend to foul each other and become twisted together outside the
ship, but this is entirely counteracted by turning the rotary hawse pipe s about its
axis whereby the twist is transferred inboard and then by simultaneously turning
the tube or hollow shaft (and with it the cable drum) about its axis in an opposite
direction to that of the hawse pipe 8, the twisting is entirely prevented or should
twisting have taken place through inattention it may by the opcrations just
described, be readily set right-The said swinging of the ship also tends either to
twist and strain the strands of the telegraph cable together, or to twist and unlay
them, according to the direction in which the ship moves. To obviate this the
cable drum and its carrier or frame must be rotated about its pivot as hereiubefore
described, in such a direction as would but for the counteraction impart a twist in
an opposite direction to that imparted by the swinging of the ship the result being
that the cable is caused to retain its normal condition. The dial face and pointer
in connection with the cable drum enable the latter to be rotated exactly to the
same number of degrees or points of the compass as the ship has moved through, as

page_text: shown by the binnacle compass, thus ensuring that the cable drum and frame
shall not be rotated too much or too little about its pivot for the purpose required.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is:-
As means or apparatus to be employed in conjunction with mooring and other
cables for establishing electrical communication between a moored light ship or
other vessel and some place at a distance therefrom;
1. The use for carrying telegraph cable of a reel or drum so pivotted or connected
to the tube or hollow shaft through which the mooring chain or cable passes as to
be capable of movement in a rotary sense not only about the axis of such tube or
hollow shaft but also about a centre or axis at right angles, or approximately so
thereto;
substantially as hereinbefore described for the purposes specified.
2. The use for carrying telegraph cable, of a reel or drum so pivotted or
connected to a ring, disc, plate or equivalent carried by the tube or hollow shaft
through which the mooring chain or cable passes as to be capable of movement in
a rotary sense not only about the axis of such tube or hollow shaft but also about
a centre or axis parallel therewith or approximately so substantially as herein-
before described for the purposes specified.
3. The combination with the tube or hollow shaft u rotary hawse pipe s and
means for operating the same of the cable reel or drum e and frame or support so
pivotted or connected to the said tube or hollow shaft as to be capable of
movement about a centre or axis at right angles or approximately so to that of
the tube or hollow shaft substantially as herein before described for the purposes
set forth.
4. The combination with the tube or hollow shaft u rotary hawse pipes and
means for operating the same of the cable reel or drum c and frame or support bo
pivotted or connected to the ring, disc, or plate g (or its equivalent) carried by the
said tube or hollow shaft as to be capable of movement about a centre or axis
parallel or approximately so with that of the said tube or hollow shaft substantially
as hereinbefore described for the purposes set forth.
5. The employment of chafing pipes or hollow rollers substantially as hereinbefore
described for the purposes specified.
6. The employment of the supplementary rotary hawse pipe with or without an
additional hawse pipo situate between it and the cable reel or drum substantially
as herein before described for the purposes specified.
7. The cable reel or drum with insulated contact strip, friction brake, and
operating gear as described with reference to the drawings.
8. The apparatus constructed, combined arranged and operating as herein-above
described with reference respectively to Figs 1, 2, and 3, to Figs 4, 5, 6 and 7 and
to Fig 10 of the drawings.
ב
"
1