IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING AND COOKING STOVES
Year: 1883

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Alfred Beresford Bennett
James Herd and Bernard Peard Walker at the Office of the Commissioners
of Patents on the 30th January 1883.
JAMES ALFRED BERESFORD BENNETT, of King's Heath in the County of
Worcester, science master, JAMES HERD of Edgbaston, Birmingham in the County
of Warwick, gentleman, and BERNARD PEARD WALKER of Edgbaston, aforesaid,
engineer "IMPROVEMENTS IN HEATING AND COOKING STOVES"
Our improvements in heating Stoves relate to that class in which air is first
made to pass in contact with surfaces heated by the combustion of fuel, and
afterwards discharged into the room or other place to be heated; and our improve-
ments in cooking stoves are chiefly modifications of our invention relating to
heating stoves.
A heating stove constructed according to our invention is heated by means of
gaseous, liquid, or other fuel, at the bottom thereof in any convenient manner,
and the hot products of combustion pass up from thence on their way to the
outlet flue through vertical flues having deep horizontal corrugations. These
vertical, horizontally corrugated flues are on two or more sides of the Stove, or
around the circumference thereof if the stove is circular or polygonal on plan.
The stove has an outer casing between which and the corrugations of the vertical
flues space is left for the passage of air. Fresh air is supplied, through a suitable
passage or passages, from the atmosphere exterior to the room, to the bottom of
the interior of the outer casing and to the lower part of the middle of the stove
(that is to say to the part inside or between the vertical horizontally corrugated
Blues, aforesaid,) and from thence passes up on both sides of such corrugated flues
to a discharge opening at the top of the stove, and into the chamber. The fresh
air as it rises is made to follow the corrugations of the flues by means of
deflecting plates across the air flues passing into the corrugations of the corrugated
flue walls, and thus takes up readily all available heat from the sides of the
corrugated flues. The air is thus highly heated without any admixture of the
products of combustion taking place, and being drawn fresh from the exterior
atmosphere, ventilates the chamber in addition to warming it, The joints where
the plates of the corrugated flues are connected to the sides or other parts of the
stove, are made airtight by means of a layer or layers of asbestos paper. We

page_text: .
prefer to make the corrugated flues through which the products of combustion
pass, of Sheet copper, brass or zinc, so as to avoid the effluvium which is liable to
arise when sheet iron is employed, on account of a certain chemical action which
is set up under the condition of a moist heated atmosphere.
When it is desired to make the stove self-regulating as to the temperature at
which it maintains the atmosphere of the room or other place to be heated, we
fix a thermometer in position to be sensitive to such temperature, and by means
of levers, or a train of wheel gearing, or by any suitable means, we connect such
thermometer with an air inlet valve to the passages outside and between the
corrugated flues, aforesaid, and also with the gas or liquid fuel supply tap or with
a damper or valve for regulating the draft through the corrugated flues aforesaid.
Suitable adjustment is provided in the connections so as to set the regulating
apparatus to maintain the temperature of the room at any desired degree. The
class of thermometer we prefer to employ for this purpose is of a well known type,
consisting of bars of metals having different coefficients of expansion by heat, or
of a helix of which the bar forming the spiral is of two metals coiled on one
another the outer one being of a different coefficient of expansion to the inner.
The former described thermometer gives a motion longitudinally thereof, and the
latter gives motion circumferentially on account of a rotary movement of the
coils.
We construct a cooking stove according to one modification of this invention, by
placing an oven above a stove constructed similarly to the heating stove herein-
before described, and pass the heated air supplied by the stove into and through
this oven.
We construct a cooking stove according to another modification of this
invention, by fixing an oven between the vertical horizontally corrugated flues,
aforesaid, but so as to leave room for the passage of air between the sides of such
oven and the corrugations, aforesaid, and we carry deflecting plates from the sides
of the oven into the corrugations: The oven is thus heated by the hot air
In
externally, and the hot air may also be passed through the oven if desired.
addition to the side passages for heating the oven the shelves of the oven may be
formed hollow to allow of the heated air or the hot products of combustion being
passed through them, such passing through being regulated by suitable valves or
dampers to heat different parts of the oven to different temperatures as may be
required.
The two modifications of cooking stove described may be combined by placing
one oven between the corrugated flues and the other above.
When the second modification of cooking stove is used by itself it is preferred
to fill the space (otherwise an air passage) between the corrugated flues and the
outer casing with furnace wool or other slow conductor of heat, but when the oven
is placed above, either alone or in combination with an oven between the corru-
gated flues, the air passage is employed outside the corrugated flues as well as
between or on the inner side of such flues. These cooking stoves may be made
self-regulating, as to the temperature of the oven, in the manner already described
with reference to the temperature of the beated room.
We make these cooking stoves self-regulating also as to the time during which
any cooking operation is being effected, by connecting clock mechanism with a
suitable adjustable catch, whereby at any given time the fuel supply may be cut
offor the heat cut off from the oven, and a ventilator opened to cool the oven
down.