IMPROVEMENTS IN ROVING TWISTERS
Year: 1877

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Sydney Pitt, of Sutton, in the County of Surrey, for
the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROVING TWISTERS." A cominunica-
tion from abroad by John Samuel Kirks, of the City of Chester, in the County
of Delaware, in the State of Pennsylvania, United States of America.
Souled the 26th May 1877, and dated the 6th April 1877.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION filed by the said Sydney Pitt at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents on the 6th April 1877.
SYDNEY PITT, of Sutton, in the County of Surrey. "IMPROVEMENTS IN ROVING
TWISTERS." A communication from abroad by John Samuel Kirks, of the City of
Chester, in the County of Delaware, in the State of Pennsylvania, United States
of America.
The object of this Invention is to impart a slight twist to the roving as it is
wound upon the bobbin, to which end this improvement consists in the combination
of a roving twister frame, a rotating ring carrier revolving with and traversing
endwise upon said frame, a standard reciprocated in a guide plate or way of the
machine, as in the well-known Danforth machine, by which the ring carrier is
supported, and a bobbin revolving within the twister frame, whereby the roving is
taken direct from the draw rollers, through which it passes immediately from the
cans, twisted and wound upon the bobbin, as will herein-after more fully be set
forth.
This improvement further consists of certain novel constructions and combina-
tions of parts herein-after to be specifically designated.
In the accompanying Drawings which represent so much of the improved apparatus
as is necessary to illustrate the subject matter herein claimed,-
Figure is a plan or top view; Figure 2 an elevation, as seen from the left-hand
end of Figure 1; Figure 3 an elevation, as seen from the right-hand end of Figure
1; Figure 4 is a longitudinal section on the line 1, 1, of Figure 5, through the
twister frame, the rotating ring, the bobbin, and the bearings in which the frame
and bobbin are mounted; Figure 5, a transverse section on the line 2, 2, of Figure
4; Figure 6, a similar section on the line 3, 3, of Figure 4; Figure 7, a similar
section on the line 4, 4, of Figure 4; Figure S, a like section on the line 5, 5, of
Figure 4.

page_text: Figures 9 and 10 are views in elevation at right angles to one another, representing
a modification of the Invention, that is, showing its adaptation to a twister frame
revolving on a vertical axis.
The improvement is readily adapted to various soft bobbin roving frames now in
use, but more especially to the well-known Danforth frame. It can be used with a
twister frame and bobbin, revolving on either a vertical or horizontal axis.
It is deemed unnecessary here to describe the details of the mechanism for
driving the bobbin and frame at different speeds, and for varying the speed of the
bobbin to compensate for its increased diameter as the roving is wound upon it,
these being well-known to all skillful constructors of such inachinery, and are shown
in one way in the Drawings; neither is it deemed necessary to describe the gearing
for changing the relative rates of speed at which the twister frame and bobbin are
revolved so as to impart more or less twist to the roving, as desired; I therefore
content myself with describing one twister, it being understood that any number
of them may be employed in a common frame geared together in various well-
known ways.
The twister frame A revolves in bearings in standards B, B', suitably secured
upon the frame of the machine. The bearing B² consists of a trunnion or journal
revolving in the standard. A cap C on the end of the shaft or bearing B2 of the
roving frame is provided with an annular cavity c, into which the waste oil of the
bearing flows, and is provided from being carried around on the roving. The end
of this shaft is perforated diagonally so as to form a tube d, through which the
roving enters in the axial line of the shaft, and is conducted outward to a slotted
guide tube E on the twister frame. The opposite end of the twister frame is pro-
vided with a head having a trunnion B3 supported in the standard 13¹, perforated so
as to revolve freely around a shaft or stud axle F, which carries the bobbin, so that
the twister frame and bobbin shaft can be driven each independently of the other.
The bobbin shaft is driven by a spur gear G, and the twister frame by another
spur gear H, both in usual well-known ways.
The bobbin M is provided with stud axles and with notches, interlocking with a
driving pin on its driving shaft. One end of the bobbin shaft is inserted in a
bearing in the head of the twister frame while the other end drops into a slot in
the driving shaft of the bobbin, where it is securely held by spring jaws m, as
shown in Figures 4 and 6. By this mode of construction the bobbin may readily
be removed or replaced, and is securely held in place.
A guide ring I is mounted upon, revolves with, and is free to move endwise
upon the twisting frame, but is compelled to turn with it, being provided for this
purpose with grooves traversing on the bars of the twister frame. The mode of
mounting this ring in a holder n, secured upon a standard N, carried by, and
reciprocated in the ordinary guide plate or slotted controlling way N' of the
Danforth machine, is shown in Figures 1 and 5, and will be readily understood
from an inspection of those Figures of Drawing without further description; see
also Figures 9 and 10.
A saddle J, secured upon the inner side of the traversing ring, is provided at
one end with an eye which projects into the guide tube, through which eye the
roving passes. A spring presser R, pivotted to the forward end of the saddle, is
provided near its forward end with a hook and with a lug or nose k which abuts
against the ring when the presser is forced outward and protects the roving from
rubbing against the ring.
From the eye in the guide tube above mentioned the roving passes through a
groove in the back of the saddle, is wound several times around the shank of the
spring presser, then passed through its eye, and is wound around the bobbin. As
a consequence of this organization the revolution of the twister frame imparts the
requisite degree of twist to the roving, and as the bobbin, revolves the roving
is caused to wind upon the bobbin, retaining the twist. The amount of twist
imparted it is obvious will depend upon the relative speeds of rotation of the
twister frame and the bobbin, as the slower the bobbin is revolved relatively to thię

page_text: speed at which the twister frame is driven, the greater will be the twist imparted
to the roving, as it is drawn from the draw rolls and wound upon the bobbin. The
speed at which these rollers are driven is varied to correspond with the changos
in the rate of rotation of the bobbin, so as 'properly to feed the roving to the
bobbin.
The outer or end support B and the supports B', following in the series for
mounting the twister frames and bobbin, are constructed either successively or at
intervals with side arms p, p¹, and all of the standards B' coming after the end
standard B are provided with forks P, P', (see Figures 1, 3, and 4). By this con-
struction it will be seen that the adjacent ends of the two twister frames and two
bobbins are mounted in the forks of the same standard, and the arms p, p¹, support
the shafts of the gear wheels g, h, which drive the pinions C and H of the bobbin
and twister fraine respectively. A single casting is thus made to sorve as a support
for the adjacent ends of two twister frames and bobbins as well as afford bearings
for gearing shafts.
I claim,
First. The combination, substantially as herein-before set forth, of the twister
frame, the guide ring or carrier revolving therewith, the bobbin revolving within
the said frame but independently thereof, the ring carrier, supporting standard,
and the guide way in which it is reciprocated for the purposes specified.
Second. The combination of the twister frame, the independently revolving
bobbin, the supporting standards, the trunnion bearing, in which one end of said
frame is mounted, perforated for the passage of the roving and the guide tube on
the twister fraine, to which the roving passes from the bearing on its way to the
bobbin; these members being constructed and operating substantially as set forth.
Third. The combination of the forked and armed standards, the independently
revolving twister frame and bobbin supported in bearings in the forks of the
standards, the gearing and the gear shafts mounted in the arms of the standards,
substantially as set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Sydney Pitt, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Fifth day of April, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.