IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN PRODUCING WARP FABRICS
Year: 1879

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Thomas Coltman, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester,
and Jacob Andreas Frerichs, of Bradford, in the County of York, for the
Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY AND APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED
IN PRODUCING WARP FABRICS."
Sealed the 3rd February 1880, and dated the 22nd November 1879.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Thomas Coltman and Jacob
Andreas Frerichs at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the
22nd November 1879.
THOMAS COLTMAN, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester, and JACOB ANDREAS
FRERICHS, of Bradford, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
AND APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN PRODUCING WARP FABRICS."
We employ an angular bar, the vertical web of which forms a work bar, in the
front of which the fabric produced passes; this bar is secured to two or more
standards. Behind the vertical web of the work bar tumbler needles rise and fall,
the tumblers of which face towards the back of the machine; these needles are cast
in leads which are secured to a bar to which connecting links are hinged operated
by excentrics secured on and revolving with a cam shaft carried by bearings
secured to the standards. The cam shaft being provided with a fast and loose pulley
is revolved by a belt from any prime mover. The needles rise and fall in sleys
formed by slotted sley bits cast in leads secured to a bar, which has horizontal
motion communicated to it by means of rocking levers carried by bearings secured
to the bottom of the work bar. The lower ends of the levers either carry trucks
operated upon by cams, or the levers may be rocked by excentrics. As the needles
fall they knock over on the sley bits, the bits then move forward and prevent the
work rising. The sley bits have a wire threaded through them, which as the
needles rise and free the latches from the loops, prevent the latches closing until
the needles have secured their threads. Above the work bar are bearings in which
two or more guide bars are free to slide, being operated by levers and wheels in
the usual way. The bearings are carried by arms secured to a rocking shaft,
operated by levers actuated by cams or excentrics on the cam shaft. By such
combination of parts we produce a machine of simpler construction which makes
fabrics quicker than heretofore, and at all times the fabric being produced can be
seen by the attendant.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said Thomas Coltman and Jacob Andreas Frerichs in the Great Seal
Patent Office on the 15th May 1880.
THOMAS COLTMAN, of Leicester, in the County of Leicester, and JACOB ANDREAS
FRERICHS, of Bradford, in the County of York. "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY
AND APPARATUS TO BE EMPLOYED IN PRODUCING WARP FABRICS."
We employ an angular bar, the vertical web of which forms a work bar, in the
front of which the fabric produced passes; this bar is secured to two or more
standards. Behind the vertical web of the work bar tumbler needles rise and fall,
the tumblers of which face towards the back of the machine; these needles are cast
in leads which are secured to a bar to which connecting links are hinged operated
by excentrics secured on and revolving with a cam shaft carried by bearings
secured to the standards. The cam shaft being provided with a fast and loose pulley
is revolved by a belt from any prime mover.
The needles rise and fall in sleys
formed by slotted sley bits cast in leads secured to a bar which has a horizontal
motion communicated to it by means of rocking levers carried by bearings secured
to the bottom of the work bar. The lower ends of the levers either carry trucks
operated upon by cams, or the levers may be rocked by excentrics. As the needles
fall they knock the work over on the sley bits, the bits then move forward and
prevent the work rising. The sley bits have a wire threaded through them, which
as the needles rise and free the latches from the loops, prevent the latches closing
until the needles have secured their threads. Above the work bar are bearings
in which two or more guide bars are free to slide, being operated by levers and
wheels in the usual way. The bearings are carried by arms secured to a rocking
shaft operated by levers actuated by cams or excentrics on the cam shaft. By such
combination of parts we produce a machine of simpler construction which makes
fabrics quicker than heretofore, and at all times the fabric being produced can be
seen by the attendant.
employ in producing warp fabrics.
Figure 2, a view of the left end of the same machine, but with the bearing block
removed from the left end to shew more fully a certain rocking shaft and apparatus
hereafter described.
Figures 3 to 11ª inclusive are enlarged views of portions of the apparatus
severally referred to hereafter.
The corresponding parts in each Figure are indicated by the same letters where
necessary.
We employ an angular bar A, the vertical web of which is rounded on the top
front edge and forms a work bar, in the front of which the fabric produced passes;
this bar is secured to two end standards B, B, and also to two or more intermediate
standards when the width of the machine requires it. Behind the vertical web of
the work bar tumbler needles rise and fall, the tumblers of which face towards the
back of the machine; these needles are cast in leads which are secured to a needle
bar C, shewn at Figures 1 and 2, and also in an enlarged sectional view at Figure 10,
which shews the several relative positions of the operating instruments when the
tumbler needles are at their highest point while the guide bars are traversed at
the back of the machine. The needle bar has two or more connecting links or
bars C¹ secured to its under side, the number varying according to the width of the
machine. The lower end of each bar C' slides in a slotted bracket C³, each of
which is secured to a stretcher C attached at its ends to the lower flanges of the

page_text: front and back rails C of the machine. The upper end of each bar C₁ slides in
a slot cut in the horizontal web of the work bar A; the end sliding in the slotted
bracket is kept in position by a cross bar C³ at the top of the bracket. Each bar
is provided at its lower end with a truck moved vertically by a cam D, an enlarged
side view and edge view of which are shewn respectively at Figures 8 and 9.
Each cam D is provided with a counter plate D¹, having two arms by which it is
secured to the cam, and is capable of adjustment thereon, by which means the
vertical movement of the needle bar may be regulated. The cams are secured on
and revolve with a cam shaft E carried by bearings secured to the standards and
other bearings secured to the stretchers. The cam shaft being provided with a fast
pulley and a loose one, is revolved by a belt from any prime mover.
Between the
pulleys and the left end standard the cam shaft carries a toothed bevel wheel E¹,
which gears into a similar wheel E2 which is carried by an intermediate shaft E³,
provided with another toothed bevel wheel at its upper end which gears into a
bevel wheel on the end of a cranked hand shaft E4, by which the attendant can
operate the machine when the belt is thrown off; but when the belt is driving the
machine, the hand shaft may be disconnected by the attendant moving a hand
lever, which lifts the bevel wheel E2 out of gear with the wheel E'; such gearing
and hand lever is shown at Figure 2; but when the smallness of the machine, or
the absence of power, necessitates the machine being driven by hand power, we
employ the arrangement shewn at Figure 1, which consists of a toothed wheel near
one end of the cranked hand shaft gearing into a similar toothed wheel on one end
of the cam shaft, the cranked shaft at its outer end being provided with a fly
wheel E. The needles rise and fall in a sley formed by slotted bits F cast in leads
secured to a bar F, which is hinged at the back to the upper ends of two or more
rocking levers F, each carried by an axle secured to the back of the lower flange
of the work bar. The lower end of each lever being provided with a truck is
operated by a cam F³, an enlarged view of which is shewn in side view at Figure 7 ;
these cams communicate an horizontal motion to the slotted bit bar F', which is
prevented from tilting the bits upward by the back of the bar at its outward
movement, lying square with two or more strong arms F4, which have their lower
ends secured to the lower flange of the work bar. The bar F' slides upon two
or more brackets secured to the back of the work bar. As the needles fall they
knock the work over on the slotted steel bits, the bits then move forward, and the
top of the slot prevents the work rising with the needles.
The slotted bits have a hole at their upper end through which a wire is threaded;
this wire, as the needles rise and free the latches from the loops, prevent the latches
from closing upon the hooked end of the needles until they have secured their
threads.
Above the work bar is a rocking shaft G carried by fixed bearings in the usual
way. To the underside of the shaft two or more double slotted bars are secured,
in each a pin is adjusted horizontally by means of a collar, screw, and nut; on
these pins the upper ends of vertically slotted arms G₁ slide. The lower ends of
the arms are secured to the top edge of two or more guide bars G³ (only two such
bars are shewn in the Drawings.) Each guide bar is provided with the requisite
number of axle pins which slide in bearings G³, which are capable of adjustment
vertically, and are carried by the rocking shaft G. Each guide bar has the
requisite width or widths of guide leads G screwed to it, according to the number
of widths of fabric the machine is to produce, across the working face; by such
means the guides can be accurately adjusted to or from each other horizontally, and
also vertically, to ensure the guides placing their threads upon the needles. The
guides are caused to pass between the needles to the back or front by means of a
lever G³ secured to the back of the rocking shaft. The outer end of the lever is
slotted to allow of the adjustment of an axle therein; this axle carries the upper
end of a connecting link, the lower end of which rocks on an axle carried by a
truck bearing lever, the back end of which is carried by an axle projecting from
a bracket attached to one of the standards of the machine, a rocking movement

page_text: being communicated to the shaft G by a cam G6, shewn at Figure 6. The right
and left traverse of the guide bars are effected by the cam wheels, shewn at Figures
4 and 5, the cut of the wheels varying according to the pattern required.
These wheels, together with a toothed wheel H, a side view and edge view of
which are shewn respectively at Figures and 3ª, are secured on an axle revolving
in bearings carried by brackets secured to the right end standard, the toothed
wheel H being partly revolved by a wheel H¹ engaging in its teeth, the wheel H¹
being provided with two or more inclines, as seen at Figure 2. Each cam wheel
operates the lower end of a rocking lever H2 carrying an adjustable bit at its upper
end, which is connected by a link to one end of its guide bar, the other end of the
bar being provided with a spring constantly pulling to the left, a rise on the cam
wheel causing the bar to traverse to the right, and a fall causing it to traverse to
the left in the usual way. The guides in the front bar are fed with threads from
the front warp roller I above them, and the guides in the back bar with threads
from the back warp roller I. Figures 11 and 11ª represent respectively a side
view and edge view of one of the guides we employ when using mungo or other
loosely twisted material. Having described the several movements of each part
separately, we will describe the combined movements thereof.
The latches of the needles face the back of the machine, and after the loops are
drawn by the lowering of the needles, the slotted bits move in towards the front
and hold the fabric down while the needles rise to their highest point, the wire
carried by the slotted bits preventing the latches from closing upon the upper
hooked ends of the needles; the slotted bits then fall back, and the threads are
lapped round the needles, which then fall in front of the slots in the bits to draw
the loops on the tops of the front projections of them.
By such combinations of parts we produce a machine of simpler construction,
which makes fabrics quicker than those heretofore constructed, and at all times tho
fabric being produced can be seen by the attendant.
Having thus fully described the nature of our Invention, and the manner of
performing the same, we declare that we claim,—
First. The slotted steel bits F carrying the wire for the purpose set forth.
Second. The combined movements of the latch, needles, and slotted bits.
Third. The general arrangement and combination of parts, substantially as
described and illustrated in the Drawings annexed.
In witness whereof, we, the said Thomas Coltman and Jacob Andreas
Frerichs, have hereunto set our hands and seals, this Twelvfth day of May,
in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and eighty.
THOMAS COLTMAN.
(LS.)
Witness,
H. W. GOUGH, C.E.,
Nottingham.
JACOB ANDREAS FRERICHS. (L.S.)