A Machine for Turning In the Edges of Book-binders' Cases and for analogous purposes.
Year: 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Machine for Turning In the Edges of Book-binders' Cases and for
analogous purposes.
We, CHARLES JOSEPH COLES, and ALBERT EDWARD COLES, both of
4 Norfolk Road, Dalston, London N.E., Bookbinders, do hereby declare the nature
of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of our invention is to perform the operation of turning in the edges of
bookbinders cases in a more rapid manner than is at present done by hand. When
the edges are turned in by hand one of the four sides of a case or cover is turned
at a time, but by the operation of our machine the whole of the four sides are
turned in simultaneously by one movement; generally by one movement of a hand
lever.
Our machine is applicable to cases or covers which have square corners, rounded
corners and to cases of various shapes, such as oval, octagonal, round etc.; "such
shapes are often used for railway season tickets and other purposes.
In one mode of carrying our invention into effect, we construct a machine having
suitable turning in pieces sliding on V or other guides, a spring table, oscillating
disc with connecting rods or links and a convenient oscillating shaft or shafts and
hand lever.
Referring to the accompanying sheet of drawings, Figures 1 to 10 illustrate the
arrangement and action of such a machine.
Figure 1 is a plan ;
Figure 2 is a vertical section part in elevation,
Figure 1 is an end view of one of the slides and attachments,
Figure 24 shows a stop to be hereinafter described,
Figure 3 is a plan of the oscillating disc with rods connecting to the slides.
Figure 4 is a plan of a cover or case with rounded corners ready to be
turned in;
Figure 5 is a section of the table showing cover in position before turning in.
Figure 6 shows the action of turning in pieces and the edges of the cover
turned over;
Figures 7 and 8 show suitable configurations for the turning in edges and
Figures 9 and 10 show respectively the application of our invention to octagonal
and oval cases.
A frame A, which may be of any convenient construction, carries a plate B and
a table C capable of slight vertical movement on guide pins D, D, pressed upwards
by springs E, E. Four turning in pieces F, F, F, F, are mounted on sliding
blocks G, G, G, G, which blocks work in guides G. These guides are shown as
of the convenient V type but other forms may be adopted if desired. The blocks
slide from the corners of the table or plate B towards the centre and are actuated
from four pins J, J, J, J, in the disc K, these pins J, J, J, J, and the disc K are
seen in plan at Figure 3. The connecting rods or links H, H, H, H, connect
between the pins J and pins J¹ in the sliding blocks G. The disc K is fixed on
the vertical shaft or spindle L, which shaft or spindle gears by bevil wheels M, N
to the horizontal shaft or spindle O carrying at the other end a hand lever P. On
the shaft O is a collar Q (shown in side view at Figure 2A) having a projection Q',
which can be set in any position round the spindle or shaft by the set screw Q' so
that the projection Q' coming into contact with the base plate A¹ of the machine,
limits the backward movement of the lever P and thus adjusts the amount of
opening of the turning in pieces F, F, F, F, to suit cases of different sizes.
As

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however this adjustment affects all the turning in pieces equally, and as the cases
are frequently required to be varied to be greater in length than width, or greater
in width than length, further lateral adjustment is obtained by the turning in
pieces F, F, F, F, being attached to the sliding blocks G, G, G, G, by means of
the slots G¹, G, G', G, and the T headed bolts F¹, F, Fi, F. By slacking the
nuts on these bolts, the turning in pieces may be adjusted laterally or removed
entirely and replaced by others of different shape, to suit variation in the work.
The operation of the machine is as follows:- -The lever P is moved full back
bringing the stop Q' against the base plate A¹ and this opens the turning in pieces
to the full extent for which they are adjusted, a cover or case, Figure 4 with the
boards R, S, having rounded or other edges is placed into position as in Figure 5
and this action bends up the paper, cloth or leather U as there shown all round the
boards; the hand lever P is then moved in the direction of the arrow (Figure 1)
and so the shafts O and L are partly rotated and actuate the disc K, and the
rods H, pulling in the slides as indicated by the arrows 3, 4, 5, and 6 in Figure 3.
The turning in pieces F, F, F, F, are bevilled considerably on their lower edges
and so the pieces press down the cover or case and pass over it turning in the edges
as shown in Figure 6, the table C yielding and compressing the springs E, E, to
enable this to be done.
The upper edges of the turning in pieces are slightly bevilled or rounded to
enable the paper, cloth or leather to easily fold up when the cover is pressed in
position ready for turning in.
Instead of the edge shown in Figure 7 that shown in Figure 8 may be adopted
for the turning in pieces and it has an advantage in reducing the friction tending to
unfold the paper, cloth or leather when the lever P is reversed to open up the
turning in pieces and permit the case or cover to be removed from the machine.
It is to be understood that the cover is prepared as in Figure 4 by any usual
process, the paper leather or cloth being glued, and the boards R, S, set in proper
position with the space T for back lining between. The turning in pieces when in
position full out form a receptacle of such dimensions that when the cover is
pressed into it down to the table C, the edges of the cover are turned up against
the inner edges of the turning in pieces as indicated at U, U, Figure 5, and so
when the turning in pieces move inwards they pass over the case and turn in the
edges in a uniform and rapid manner.
In this machine the edges of the turning in pieces are shown rounded off as in
Figure 7, but they may be cut under as in Figure 8 to reduce friction on the return
or opening out stroke as explained.
Figures 9 and 10 show the outlines of turning in pieces and cases of octagonal or
oval form for which 'they are adapted.
It is to be understood that although a hand lever P is described as actuating the
machine, yet motive power may be applied to move the machine instead of hand
labour.
Having now particularly described and ascertained, the nature, of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to. be performed, we, declare that what we
claim, is-
(1) A machine for turning in the edges of bookbinders cases in which turning
in pieces simultaneously move or slide, inwards and turn in the edges substantially
'as, hereinbefore described and illlustrated in the drawings.
(2) A machine for turning in the edges of bookbinders cases having, sliding
turning in pieces adjustably attached to sliding blocks, an oscillating disc with pins
and rods or links actuating the sliding blocks simultaneously, a spring table as 'C
and means of adjusting the travel of the sliding blocks substantially as herein before
described and illustrated in the 'accompanying drawings.
(3)-A machine for turning in the edges of bookbinders cases having turning in
pieces so arranged as to form a receptacle into which a cover is pressed to 'a 'plate

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or table and the edges are turned up ready to be turned in at a subsequent operation
substantially as described and illustrated.
(4) A machine for turning in the edges of bookbinders cases constructed as
hereinbefore described reference being had to the accompanying sheet of drawings.
Dated this 18th day of September 1891.
MARKS & CLERK,
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicants.