IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SHARPENING AND GULLETING THE TEETH OF SAWS, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES
Year: 1873

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Harrison, of Tattenhall, in the County of
Chester, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
SHARPENING AND GULLETING THE TEETH OF SAWS, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO
APPLICABLE FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES."
Sealed the 20th February 1874, and dated the 29th August 1873.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left-by the said James "Harrison at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 29th August 1873.
I; JAMES HARRISON, of Tattenhall, in the County of Chester, do
5 hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
APPARATUS FOR SHARPENING AND GULLETING THE TEETH OF SAWS, WHICH
APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a method of facilitating the setting to any
› required bevil or angle of both the swinging frame which carries the
revolving emery wheel or stone which sharpens the teeth, and also of the
vice for holding the saw blade.

page_text: Hitherto this has been accomplished by merely setting the parts to
the required angle or bevil by hand, and fixing them in that position by
means of set screws, but according to my Invention I employ a worm
and wheel for this purpose, which not only economizes time to a
considerable extent, but also ensures greater accuracy of adjustment.
The swinging frame which carries the emery wheel or stone is
attached by pivots to a quadrant shaped piece mounted upon a double
right angled slide similar to the slide rest of an ordinary lathe, and fixed
on the bench behind the vice. The quadrant turns on a horizontal stud
or centre attached to the upper slide, and has angular or worm teeth cut
on its circumference into which gears a worm by turning which latter
the swinging frame and emery wheel or stone are set to the required
angle or bevil. The slides are moved transversely and longitudinally by
means of racks and pinions or screws so that the requisite adjustment in
every direction can be effected.
The vice which holds the saw blade is also attached to a quadrant
having worm teeth into which a worm gears, and by turning this worm
the vice and saw blade are set to any angle.
•
It will be evident that the emery wheel or stone or other revolving,
cutting, or polishing tool when mounted as above described in connection
with the vice capable of adjustment or otherwise, may be used for
a great variety of other mechanical operations (such as filing and
polishing) in place of hand work at the bench, and will both ensure
great accuracy and also effect a considerable saving in time and labor.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, 28
filed by the said James Harrison in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 28th February 1874.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
HARRISON, of Tattenhall, in the County of Chester, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her 8
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-ninth day of August, in the
year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-three, in
the thirty-seventh year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and

page_text: successors, give and grant unto me, the said James Harrison,
Her special licence that I, the said James Harrison, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said James
Harrison, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN ApparatUS FOR SHARPENING AND GULLETING THE TEETH
OF SAWS, WHICH APPARATUS IS ALSO APPLICABLE FOR OTHER SIMILAR PURPOSES,"
upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said James Harrison,
by an instrument in writing under my hand and seal, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what'
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed
in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent:
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Harrison, do hereby.
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This Invention relates to a method of facilitating the setting to any
required bevil or angle of both the swinging frame which carries 'the'
revolving emery wheel or stone which sharpens the teeth, and also of the
vice for holding the saw blade.
Hitherto this has been accomplished by merely setting the parts to
the required angle or bevil by hand, and fixing them in that position by
means of set screws, but according to my Invention I employ a worm
and wheel for this purpose, which not only economizes time to a-
considerable extent, but also ensure greater accuracy of adjustment.
The swinging frame which carries the emery wheel or stone is
attached by pivots to a quadrant shaped piece mounted upon a double
right angled slide similar to the slide rest of an ordinary lathe and fixed'
on the bench behind the vice. The quadrant turns on a horizontal stud*
or centre attached to the upper slide, and has angular or worm teeth cut
; on its circumference into which gears a worm by turning which latter
the swinging frame and emery wheel or stone are set to the required'

page_text: ingle or bevil. The slides are moved transversely and longitudinally by
means of racks and pinions or screws so that the requisite adjustment
in every direction can be effected.
•
The vice which holds the saw blade is also attached to a quadrant
having worm teeth into which a worm gears, and by turning this worm
the vice and saw blade are set to any angle.
- It will be evident that the emery wheel or stone or other revolving,
cutting, or polishing tool when mounted as above described in con-
nection with the vice capable of adjustment, or otherwise made, used
for a great variety of other mechanical operations (such as filing and
polishing) in place of hand work at the bench, and will both ensure
great accuracy and also effect a considerable saving in time and labor.
In order that this my said Invention may be the more readily
understood and carried into practical effect, I have hereunto annexed.a
Drawing of a saw sharpening and gulletening machine emboding my
improvements.
•
Fig. 1 is a side view; Fig. 2, a front view, and Fig. 3, a plan of the
saw shapening and gulleting machine drawn to a scale of about quarter
size. The same letters of reference are used to indicate similar parts in
the views.
"
A is a pedestal rising from the base plate B and the supporting the
table C. Upon this table a slide D is mounted in a similar manner to
the tool carrier of a slide rest of a lathe. This slide D is according to
this Invention moved backwards or forwards by means of a pinion E
gearing with a rack Fon the under side of the slide. The pinion E being
actuated by the hand wheel G or a screw working through a fixed knut
in the same manner as the slide rest of a lathe, may be substituted for
the rack and pinion or working such slide. Rising from the top of the
slide D is a standard H which carrs a horizontal. stud I, upon which is
mounted a circular plate J having on its front side a pair of brackets J¹:
between which and upon the pivots bolts J³, the swinging frame K
carrying the revolving emery wheel L is mounted. The circular plate J
has worm teeth J³ upon one portion of its periphery into which the
worm M gears, such worm being actuated by the hand wheel M. O is
the vice for holding the circular saw whilst being sharpened or gulleted, a

page_text: which vice is mounted upon pivots in front of the machine. The lower
pivots O¹ being fixed in the bracket N branching from the front of the .
pedestal A, and the upper pivot O' being fixed at the front of the
table C and passing a bracket P which is bolted at the front to the vice O,
and at the back is formed into a worm tooth quadrant P¹ which gears
with a worm P² actuated by the hand wheel Q.
At the back and lower end of the pedestal A. a driving shaft R is
mounted provided with fast and loose R' and the larger driving pulley R³..
A strap S passes round this pulley R³ and also round the smaller
"pulley T fixed at the extremity of the shaft T', revolving in bearings in
the brackets Tª at the back of the standard H. . A grooved pulley T³ is
also keyed upon the shaft T which by means of the endless cord or
band U passing round it, and round the smaller grooved pulley V upon
the spindle V' of the emery wheel W communicates revolving motion to
such emery wheel. In order to render the swinging frame K and emery
wheel W steadier in action, the lever X is mounted upon the top of the
circular plate J, and has its rear extremity attached to a spiral extension
spring X' rising from the slide and its front extremity connected to the
swinging frame K' by the connecting rod.
The method of working this machine is as follows:-The circular
saw a requiring to be operated upon being fixed in the vice O by
means of the wing nut b, or in the case of a log frame or straight saw
such saw being fixed to the pivoted frame of the vice O, with a rack
and pinion traversing motion in the ordinary manner, the vice O and
with it the saw may now be adjusted to any angle with regard to the
revolving emery wheel W by simply turning the hand wheel Q which
causes the worm P³ to actuate the toothed quadrant P¹, and thus to turn
the vice to the required position to give the proper bevil to the gullet of
the teeth of such saw.
When it is necessary to move the slide backward or forwards in
order to obtain the most desirable cutting position for the revolving
emery wheel W over the saw, this is effected by turning the hand
wheel G and so moving the F backwards or forwards by means of
the pinion E gearing with it; whilst to cause the emery wheel W to
revolve to any desired angle it is only requisite to turn the hand.
wheel M' which motion to the worm M, and so to turn the circular
plate Juntil the desired angle is indicated by the index illustrated upon the

page_text: front of such circular plate. The necessary adjustments of all moveable
parts of a saw shapening and gulleting machine are thus performed by
means of these improvements with the greatest accuracy without
slaclkening a number of set screws as is the practise with all machines.
hitherto employed for the purpose, and thus a considerable saving in t
labor and time is effected by the use of this Invention.
"
This machine with its facilities of adjustment to any angle is equally
applicable for use for a variety of purposes upon a mechanic's bench as
will be better understood by reference to Fig. 4, in which C represents a
parallel vice mounted upon a pivot d secured in a base plate.e firmly :
attached to the bench f...This vice is capable of turning round the
pivot d and is adjustable to any angle within 90°, for which purpose it is
constructed with a worm toothed quadrant 9 and worm h, the latter
being turned by the hand wheel . The machine for carrying the
revolving emery wheel or steel cutter K is similar to that herein-before
described for saw sharpening except that the pedestal A is dispensed
with, and the machine itself rests upon the bench ƒ whilst the revolving
motion is communicated to the revolving emery- wheel or cutter by a
strap from a pulley working above the machine; it is also preferred to
construct the slide upon the compound principle, viz., to slide not only
lengthwise but transversely. With such an adjunct to a mechanic's
bench the piece of metal, glass, or other material to be operated upon
may be held in the vice C, and by means of the emery wheel or steel
cutter K mounted as herein-before described may be shaped or cut to
any desired extent, and with a degree of accuracy hardly to be obtained
by hand filing. It will be sufficiently obvious that this machine is
useful for facing flat, curved, or angular metallic or other surfaces; also
for grooving and slotting and polishing purposes.
Having thus particularly described and ascertained the nature of this
my said Invention, I wish it to be understood that I claim,-
1st. The application and use of the worms and worm toothed
quadrants, or worm wheels and hand wheels for adjusting the various
parts of the mechanism herein-before described for sharpening and
gulletting saws; also the rack and pinion or screw adjustment for
actuating the slide which carries the swinging frame and emery wheel
or other cutter, as and for the purpose herein-before described and
illustrated on the accompanying Drawing.
•

page_text: 2nd. The method of mounting and application and use of an emery
wheel or steel cutter in combination with a mechanic's vice, as and for
the purposes described and illustrated on the accompanying Drawing.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Harrison, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this 27th day of February, 1874.