IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPHIC INKING AND MARKING INSTRUMENTS
Year: 1865

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Charles Henry Chadburn, of Liverpool, in the
County of Lancaster, Optician and Manufacturer of Telegraphic
Instruments, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPHIC
INKING AND MARKING INSTRUMENTS."
Sealed the 18th May 1866, and dated the 23rd November 1865.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Charles Henry Chadburn
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 23rd November 1865.
I, CHARLES HENRY CHADRURN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster,
Optician and Manufacturer of Telegraphic Instruments, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPHIC INKING
AND MARKING INSTRUMENTS," to be as follows (that is to say):-
This Invention has for its object certain improvements which are chiefly
applicable to the class of telegraphing instruments known as Morse's, and
may be said to consist in marking or indenting with dots and lines a tape
or ribbon of paper or other material as the same is drawn forward by
clockwork, and consists, first, in the use of a revolving disc or cylinder of
black lead, or of wood, metal, or other material coated with black lead,
which is caused to revolve by being placed on a revolving axis in con-
nexion with the clockwork used to actuate the drawing rollers for drawing

page_text: the ribbon of paper or other material. The slip of paper or other material
is drawn by means of the drawing rolls in an horizontal direction under-
neath the vertical revolving disc or cylinder, which disc may be of metal
or other suitable material supplied with liquid ink, but the use of which
is not claimed as part of this Invention, but which slip of paper or other
material is not in actual contact with the revolving disc or cylinder, except
when it is elevated by means of an inverted guillotine block, the upper
surface of which carries a transverse horizontal blunted knife edge or
tracer of any convenient shape. This sliding block works within or on
vertical guides, and is 'elevated by the outer end of the "coil lever," which
raises that portion of the band until it is brought into contact with the
revolving disc or cylinder above; and to insure accuracy of motion and to
depress the outer end of the coiled lever the said sliding block is fitted
with a spring or weight to cause the said block and outer end of the lever
to descend when the connexion is broken. A roller of black lead or
colouring material mounted on to a revolving spindle may be used with a
Morse's instrument with the ordinary tracer attached thereto, or a roller
of wood, metal, or other material coated with black lead or other colouring
material, revolving on an axle, may be used in conjunction with the
ordinary tracer of Morse's instrument. When Morse's instrument, as at
present constructed, is used, the groove drawing roller against which the
tracer or puncturing point acts, it is proposed to insert in the said groove
a small band of india-rubber or other material saturated or covered with
ink, black lead, or other marking material, to insure the more perfect.
visible signs or symbols on the band.. If preferred the revolving disc
of black lead or other marking material may be mounted on the end of
an horizontal lever which may be actuated by the coiled lever of the
instrument, in which arrangement the slip of paper or other material,
by means of the clockwork, is drawn over a stationary table or its
mechanical equivalent, in which case the revolving disc is brought down
to the
paper. :
. )
The principle of this invention may be said to consist in the use of a
revolving disc, as herein-before described, and bringing the same down
into contact with the slip of paper or other material, or bringing the slip
of paper or other material up into contact with the disc or cylinder, by
which means the slip of paper or other material is marked with the
desired arbitrary charactere
1

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Charles Henry Chadburn in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 23rd May 1866.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, CHARLES
HENRY CHADBURN, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Optician
and Manufacturer of Telegraphic Instruments, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent; bearing date the Twenty-third day of November, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-five, in the twenty-ninth year
of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant
unto me, the said Charles Henry Chadburn, Her special licence that I, the
said Charles Henry Chadburn, my executors, administrators, and assigns,
or such others as I, the said Charles Henry Chadburn, my executors; ad-
ministrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others,
from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN TELEGRAPHIC INKING
AND MARKING INSTRUMENTS," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the
said Charles Henry Chadburn, my executors or administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the Baid
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause
the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Charles Henry Chadburn, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by.
the following statement:-
This my said Invention has for its object certain improvements, which
are chiefly applicable to the class of telegraphic instruments known as
Morse's, and may be said to consist in marking, indenting, or puncturing.
with dots and lines a tape, ribbon of paper, or other material, as the same
is drawn forward by clockwork; and consists, first, in the use of a re-
volving disc or cylinder of black lead, or of wood, metal, or other material,
coated with black lead, which is caused to revolve by being placed on a
revolving axis in connexion with the clock work used to actuate the
drawing rollers for drawing the ribbon of paper or other material. The

page_text: slip of paper or other material is drawn by means of the drawing rolls in
an horizontal direction underneath the vertical revolving disc or cylinder,
and which disc may be of metal or other suitable material, supplied, with
liquid ink, but the use of which I do not claim as part of this my said
Invention, but which slip of paper or other material is not in actual contact
with the revolving disc or cylinder, except when it is elevated by means of
an inverted guillotine block, the upper surface of which carries a transverse
horizontal blunted knife edge, or tracer, of any convenient shape. This
sliding block works within or on vertical guides, and is elevated by the
outer end of the "coil lever," which raises that portion of the band until
it is brought into contact with the revolving disc or cylinder above, and to
insure accuracy of motion; and to depress the outer end of the coil lever,
the said sliding block is fitted with a spring or weight to cause the said
block and outer end of the lever to descend when the connexion
is broken. A roller of black lead or colouring material, mounted on to a'
revolving spindle, may be used with a Morse's instrument with the ordinary
tracer attached thereto, or a roller of wood, metal, or other material, coated
with black-lead or colouring material, revolving on an axle, may be used
in conjunction with the ordinary tracer of Morse's instrument. When
Morse's instrument as at present constructed is used the grooved roller;
against which the tracer or puncturing point acts, I propose to insert in
the said groove a small band of india-rubber or other material, saturated
or covered with ink, black-lead, or other marking material, to insure the
more perfect. signs or symbols on the band. If preferred, the revolving
disc of black-lead or other marking material may be mounted on the end of
an horizontal lever, which may be actuated by the coiled lever of the instru-
ment, in which arrangement the slip of paper or other material by means of
the clockwork is drawn over a stationary table, or its mechanical equivalent,
in which latter case the revolving disc is brought down to the paper.
The principle of this my said Invention may be said to consist in the
use of a revolving disc, as herein-before described, and bringing the same
down into contact with the slip of paper or other material, or bringing the
slip of paper or other material up into contact with the disc or cylinder, by
which means the slip of paper or other material is marked with the desired
arbitrary characters.
The annexed Drawings, on which like letters and figures marked thereon
are used to denote similar parts, illustrate a telegraphic instrument with
a disc of grophite, black-lead, or other solid marking material applied
thereto, with the inverted guillotine block and forked arm, spring pointed

page_text: coil lever, through which the guillotine block is. actuated,. and which
constitute the essential part of my.Invention.
.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a telegraphic instrument, to which is
applied my improved marking disc of graphite, or black-lead, solid ink, or
other solid marking material, and Figure 2. is a side elevation of the
inverted. guillotine block and the end of the spindle with the disc or
wheel of graphite or black-lead or other solid-marking material, which in
this Figure is seen in edge view.
The Drawings are on a scale sufficiently large to encompass an instrument
suitable for ordinary purposes. The instrument illustrated by the annexed
Drawings will be so well understood by those acquainted with the art that
I shall explain no more of the general features of the instrument, which
are well known, than is necessary to make the nature of my improvements
clearly understood. A is a disc of graphite, black-lead, or other solid
marking material mounted upon B, an horizontal transverse revolving
shaft, which is caused to rotate by the clockwork actuating, the draw
rollers C, and C¹, which cause the slip or ribbon of paper or other material
to be drawn off the reserve or supply wheel, actuated by the said clockwork,
which is enclosed in the case shown on the left-hand side of the instrument;
D, the coil lever, which is the same as that of the ordinary Morse's instru-
ment, except. that the outer end of the lever which carries the pricker.or
tracer is dispensed with, and for which I substitute E, a forked tongue of
steel or other suitable material, the elevation or depression of which may
be regulated by F, a regulating set screw. G is a vertical rod, to the head
of which is attached H, an inverted guillotine block, kept in position by
I and I, guide rods on K, a. horizontal stationary bracket attached to
and forming part of the frame of the machine; L, coil or belical spring
for drawing down the guillotine block when relieved from the uplift motion
of the tongue of the coil lever; M, tension or set screw gear for
regulating the amount tension on the coil spring L, to the lower end of
which it is attached.
.The action of the instrument is as follows:-The clockwork actuating
the drawing rollers C and C¹, and the transverse spindle B carrying the
disc or wheel of graphite, black-lead, or other solid marking material (which
latter I prefer should run in the opposite direction to the drawing rollers,
C and C¹) being set in motion, the coil lever being actuated by the mani-
pulator delivering the message by the aid of the electric or galvanic current,
raises the slip or band of paper or other material into contact with
periphery of the disc of graphite or black-lead or other solid marking

page_text: substance, from which it receives the mark or desired arbitrary character
or characters required. In some cases it may be desirable to cause the end
of the spindle carrying the disc of graphite or black-lead or other solid
marking material to be brought down on the slip or ribbon of paper or
other material, and which will be so readily understood by those acquainted
with telegraphic machinery that is not here necessary for me to enter
into the minutia of the well-known mechanical details thereof.
Having now fully described and ascertained the nature of this my said
Invention, and of the best means I am acquainted with for carrying the
same into practical effect; I wish it to be understood that I do not confine
myself to the relative proportions or dimensions of the several parts of my
improvements as shown in the annexed Drawings, applied to what may
be termed the Morse telegraphic instruments, as I simply wish to confine:
myself to and claim as new. and my Invention,
First, the use in and application to telegraphic instruments of a wheel
or. disc of graphite or black-lead or other solid marking substance,
substantially in the manner and for the purposes therein-before described:
and set forth.
Secondly, the peculiar arrangement and application of the invérted
guillotine motion for elevating the band, ribbon, or tape used to receive
the dots, marks, or impression of the arbitrary characters used in tele-
graphing with a Morse's or other similar instrument, substantially in the
manner herein-before described and set forth.
And, lastly, the combination and use of a revolving disc of graphite
or black-lead or other solid marking material, in combination with the
inverted guillotine motion, substantially in the manner and for the purposes
herein-before described and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Charles Henry Chadburn, have
hereunto set my hand and affixed my seal, this Twenty-second
day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred
and sixty.civ
CHARLES HENRY (L.s.) CHADBURN.
Witness,
WILLIAM WALKER,
Of 44, Castle Street,
Liverpool.