Improvements connected with Electric Arc Lamps.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 6th Jan., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 6th Oct., 1891-Accepted, 7th Nov., 1891
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements connected with Electric Arc Lamps.
I, ALBERT SCHOENERSTEDT, of 61 Koniggratzer Strasse Berlin, in the Empire
of Germany, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The electric arc lamp invented by me is constructed in the following
manner;-
The carbons are suspended either by a cord, rope, or band passing over a roller
or by two rack rods gearing with one or more toothed wheels in such a manner that
the upper carbon has, owing to an excess of weight, a tendency of bringing the
carbon points in close proximity one to the other. When the carbons drop together
i.e. come into contact, a roller, or the toothed wheels, which may be used in its
stead, should turn and when the roller turns in the reverse direction, the carbons
are separated one from the other. On the axis of the roller is mounted a brake
disc, the latter may however be indirectly actuated by toothed or worm gearing
mounted in the moveable frame which is carried by the axis of the roller and is
weighted on one side of the said axis, or provided with a tension spring, while on
the other side of the axis an armature or a solenoid core is suspended.
Upon the frame is fixed a lever oscillating on one side and bearing against the
brake disc, or raised from the same and hence releasing such disc as soon as the
frame is pulled down by the solenoid core, or by an armature, until the brake lever
strikes upon a fixed stop. A brake spring may be used instead of a brake lever.
The one sided excess of weight of the frame is such that the frame is turned back
so long as the action of the weight comes into play.
The roller is turned back at the same time as the frame and is connected directly
or indirectly with the brake disc held firmly by the brake lever. The carbon
points are accordingly held at a distance one from the other by reason of the excess
of weight on one side of the frame.
The solenoid cylinder, or a magnetic bobbin or coil if used in lieu thereof is
wound with fine wire. The convolutions are arranged parallely to the two carbons,
so that when the latter are separated the solenoid receives sufficient current to
move the core and with it the frame but when on the contrary the carbons
come in contact, the solenoid is in short circuit and hence nearly without
current.
By a proper adjustment of its mechanical and electrical parts, this arc lamp can
be so arranged as to develop, when inserted in the circuit, an arc light of pre-
determined length and to regulate such light in the most accurate manner.
In order to obtain a slow formation of arc light which should accordingly be
developed through a slow separation of the carbons, specially constructed
mechanism may be actuated by the motion of the frame, or of the solenoid
core. In this case, an air, fluid, or quicksilver brake may be used, or suitable
wheels and a fan, or other similar contrivances which may allow motion being
produced.
Should an air, fluid, or quicksilver brake be required, the same will be constructed
in the same manner as an air pump.
The piston will be fixed to the lamp frame which is a fixture while the cylinder
is secured to the moveable frame or vice versa. When the frame is in motion the
air, the liquid, or the quicksilver must pass the well closing piston, which can only
occur comparatively slowly. The pump causes therefore a gradual motion of the
lamp mechanism and hence a slow development of the arc light.
Should a fan or a fly be used, a large toothed segment is then mounted upon the

page_text: shaft upon which the whole mechanism turns, this segment engaging with a small
wheel which drives a train of wheels. The latter are fixed and carry the axis of
the fly which rotates at a high speed. It is therefore sufficient if the large toothed
segment mounted upon the main shaft moves very slowly to set the train of wheels
and the fly revolving. As however, the rapid rotation of the fly or fan develops a
large amount of resistance while its slow motion can take place without any
appreciable amount of power, the use of such a fan or fly will cause the mechanism
of the lamp to move slowly.
Dated this 6th day of Janu 1901
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Albert Schoenerstedt.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements connected with Electric Arc Lamps.
I, ALBERT SCHOENERSTEDT, of 61 Koniggratzer Strasse, Berlin, Empire of
Germany, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The electric arc lamp invented by me is constructed in the following
manner :-
The carbons a and b are suspended either by a cord, rope, or band passing over a
roller or by two rack rods gearing with one or more toothed wheels in such a
manner that the upper carbon a has owing to an excess of weight, a tendency of
bringing the carbon points in close proximity one to the other. When the carbons
drop together, i.e. come into contact, a roller c or toothed wheels which may be used
in its stead should turn and when the roller c turns in the reverse direction of the
arrow, the carbons are separated one from the other. On the axis of the roller c
is mounted a brake disc d, the latter may however be indirectly actuated by toothed
or worm gearing mounted in the moveable frame e which is carried by the axis of
the roller and is weighted on one side of the said axis or provided with a tension
spring, while on the other side of the axis an armature or a solenoid core is
suspended.
C
The
Upon the frame e is fixed a lever h oscillating on one side, and bearing against
the brake disc d, or raised from the same and hence releasing such disc as soon as
the frame e is pulled down by the solenoid core g, or by an armature until the
brake lever h strikes upon a fixed stop (represented here by way of example by the
piece i). A brake spring may be used instead of a brake lever. The one sided
excess of weight of the frame, which is represented by the weight f, is such that
the frame is turned back so long as the action of the weight comes into play.
roller c is turned back at the same time as the frame e and is connected directly or
indirectly with the brake disc d held firmly by the brake lever h. The carbon
points are accordingly held at a distance one from the other by reason of the excess
of weight on one side of the frame e. The solenoid cylinder l or a magnetic bobbin
or coil if used in lieu thereof is wound with fine wire. The convolutions are
arranged parallely to the two carbons a and b, so that when the latter are separated,
the solenoid receives sufficient current to move the core, and with it the frame e
but when on the contrary the carbons come in contact, the solenoid is in short
circuit, and hence nearly without current.
The arc lamp constructed as above set forth operates in the following manner :-
In their normal or resting position, the carbons a and b are separated one from the
other as already stated. When the lamp is inserted in the circuit, the solenoid
receives sufficient current to pull the core g and with it the frame e until the brake
lever strikes upon the stop i, whereby the brake wheel d is released and the
carbons a and b are brought into contact by reason of the excess of weight of the

page_text: carbon a.
As soon as the carbon points come in contact, the solenoid is nearly
without current, the excess of weight of the frame e, or the spring used in lieu
thereof draws this frame back as far as its lim't k, and as this motion causes the
brake lever to bear again upon the brake disc d, the latter is firmly held as well
as the roller c. This roller follows accordingly the motion of the frame e, whereby
the carbon points are separated and the arc light is produced. When in consequence
of the consumption of the carbons the arc light becomes too long, the solenoid
receives again sufficient current to pull down the core g and frame e until the brake
lever comes to bear upon the stop i thus releasing the brake disc d and the roller c,
so that the carbons are brought nearer together, that is to say, the arc light is
reduced to its proper length.
By a proper adjustment of its mechanical and electrical parts, this arc lamp can
be so arranged as to develop when inserted in the circuit an arc light of pre-
determined length and to regulate such light in the most accurate manner.
In order to obtain a slow formation of are light which should accordingly be
developed through a slow separation of the carbons, specially constructed
mechanism may be actuated by the motion of the frame e or of the solenoid
In this case, an air, fluid, or quicksilver brake may be used, or suitable
wheels and a fan, or other similar contrivances which may allow of slow motion
being produced.
core g.
Should an air, fluid, or quicksilver brake be required, the same will be constructed
in the same manner as an air pump.
The piston will be fixed to the lamp frame which is a fixture while the cylinder
is secured to the moveable frame, or vice versa. When the frame is in motion, the
air, the liquid, or the quicksilver must pass the well closing piston, which can only
occur comparatively slowly. The pump causes therefore a gradual motion of the
lamp mechanism and hence a slow development of the arc light.
Should a fan, or a fly be used, a large toothed segment is then mounted upon
the shaft upon which the whole mechanism turns, this segment engaging with a
small wheel which drives a train of wheels. The latter are fixed and carry the
axis of the fly which rotates at a high speed. It is therefore sufficient if the
large toothed segment mounted upon the main shaft moves very slowly to set
the train of wheels and the fly revolving. As however the rapid rotation of the
fly or fan develops a large amount of resistance while its slow motion can take
place without any appreciable amount of power, the use of such a fan or fly will
cause the mechanism of the lamp to move slowly.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what I
claim is :--
1. In electric arc lamps, the arrangement of mechanism consisting of a frame
turning upon an axis which is loaded at one end or drawn by a spring while
at the same time an armature or a solenoid core moves the frame in the other
direction as soon as the magnetic coil or the solenoid receives sufficient current.
2. In combination with the frame and with the axis thereof, a roller moving
freely on such axis or a toothed wheel, whereby one or two carbons may be
suspended by means of a cord or band or rack rods in such a manner that they
drop together when the roller or rack rod is released.
3. A brake disc connected with the roller or the toothed wheel, or driven
indirectly by suitable toothed or worm gearing, upon which a brake lever arranged
to move on the frame e, or a brake spring comes to bear until the frame is moved
by the armature, or by the solenoid core a sufficient distance for such brake lever
or brake spring to strike upon a stop limiting the extent of its motion, whereby the
brake disc is released. These contrivances having for their object to cause the
frame e to separate the carbons by means of the toothed gearing firmly held by the
brake lever or spring while as soon as the magnetic coil or bobbin, or the solenoid
receives sufficient current, the frame and with it the brake lever or spring is pulled

page_text: out of its normal position until the said brake lever or spring is held by a fixed
stop or limit, and is accordingly withdrawn from the brake disc, whereby the
carbons are brought close together, and the are light is regulated.
The 6th day of October 1891.
H. GARDNER,
Patent Agent, 166, Fleet Street, London,
Agent for the said Albert Schoenerstedt.