Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing or similarly Treating Textile Material.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Feb., 1899
Complete Specification Left, 8th Nov., 1899-Accepted, 9th Feb., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing or similarly Treating Textile
Material.
We, HENRY EDWARD AYKROYD, of Thornfield, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, in
the County of York, Dyer, and PAUL KRAIS, Ph.D., of 14, Farcliffe Road, Brad-
ford, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention has reference to apparatus for dyeing or similarly treating
textile materials in a partly manufactured state, viz., as rovings, slivers, cops,
and the like, and the type of dyeing or similar apparatus to which this invention
has special reference is that in which the material is wound upon or introduced
over a perforated tube or the like, and the liquor to which it is subjected is forced
out from this tube or support through the material, or is caused to flow from out-
side into the said tube or support.
According to this invention, a perforated tubular support or stem, carrying the
textile material, or over which the said material is introduced, is contained
within a cop or similar vessel open at the top; and again within this vessel or
cop, but outside the material being treated, there is an inverted cup or vessel,
closed above and open below, its lower edge standing a suitable distance below
the bottom of the outer cup or vessel, or having suitable apertures in it.
The cops, bobbins, or rovings of the textile material, or similarly, stowed or
wound articles, arranged as described, may be placed in a suitable.tank or
vessels for containing the dyeing or other liquor or liquors.
In action, the dye or other liquor would be forced by a pump up through the
perforated tubes or supports, from a dye or other containing vessel, with which
it is connected; and thence through the material into the inner inverted cups,
whence it passes, by the space under the lower edges of same, up into the outer
vessel, and flowing away from same, over the outer edge. Or, the flow of liquor
may be reversed by exhausting these cop or other supporting tubes, flowing from
the outside of the cop or sliver into the tube and through the bottom.
By this arrangement, the inverted cup or bell remains filled with dye or other
liquor, and thus the cop or sliver, or the like, remains always in the liquor and
receives a minimum agitation.
It is to be understood that the invention is not restricted at all to the general
form of the apparatus in which these devices or construction of apparatus is
used, or applied, nor is it restricted to the exact shape or form of the main parts
specified.

page_text: Improvements in Apparatus for Dyeing or similarly Treating Textile
Material.
We, HENRY EDWARD AYKROYD, of Thornfield, Duckworth Lane, Bradford, in
the County of York, Dyer, and PAUL KRAIS, Ph.D., of 14, F'arcliffe Road, Brad-
ford, in the County of York, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:
:-
This invention has reference to apparatus for dyeing or similarly treating
textile materials in a partly manufactured state, viz. as 1ovings, slivers, cops,
and the like, and the type of dyeing or similar apparatus to which this invention
has special reference is that in which the material is wound upon or introduced
over a perforated tube or the like, and the liquor to which it is subjected is forced
out from this tube or support through the material, or is caused to flow from out-
side into the said tube or support.
According to this invention, a perforated tubular support or stem, carrying the
textile material, or over which the said material is introduced, is contained
within a cup or similar vessel open at the top; and again within this vessel or
cup, but outside the material being treated, there is an inverted cup or vessel,
closed above and open below, its lower edge standing a suitable distance below
the bottom of the outer cup or vessel, or having suitable apertures in it.
The cops, bobbins, or rovings of the textile material, or similarly stowed or
wound articles, arranged as described, may be connected with a suitable tank or
vessels for containing the dyeing or other liquor or liquors.
In action, the dye or other liquor would be forced by a pump up through the
perforated tubes or supports, from a dye or other containing vessel, with which
it is connected, and thence through the material into the inner inverted cup,
whence it passes, by the space under the lower edges of same, up into the outer
vessel; and the flow of liquor is reversed by exhausting these cop or other sup-
porting tubes, flowing from the outside of the cop or sliver into the tube, and
through the bottom.
In the drawing which illustrates this invention, there is shewn, in sectional
elevation, an apparatus adapted, according to our improvements, to the dyeing
of kops in numbers.
Referring to the drawing, a is a vessel open at the top, constituting a con-
taining vessel; and is the inverted vessel closed above and open below, its
lower edge having apertures in it at b. The cops c, which are being treated, are
mounted on perforated tubular spindles d, these spindles being supported upon
the main supporting tube e, by screwing or otherwise fastening them thereon.
f is a dye containing vessel, connected with the interior of the cop carrying tube e,
and the perforated cop tubes d thereon.
The cop carrying tube e is secured in position in the vessel a, and its interior
is put in communication with the dye vessel f, by a rod h, fastened at its lower
end to a bridge piece at the bottom of the tank a, and conical plugs i i¹ at its
lower and upper ends respectively. The upper plug is solid, and the lower
one, i, hollow; and by screwing the nut down over the rod h, the plug is
pressed down, and so makes a joint with the tube e; and at the same time it
causes the tube e to make a joint with the plug i, which rests on the bottom of
the tank. The interior of the tube e is connected up with the vesself by way of
the connection or branch k, and the internal tube 1, which projects down into f

page_text: w near the Dottom. The vessel, preferably, has about the same capacity as
the vessel a.
The vessel is provided with a coil m, and connections, for heating its contents
by steam; a pipe n for supplying water to it; two pipes o and p for supplying
compressed air or steam to it, and withdrawing the pressure of gases from it, and
exhausting it, respectively.
The vessel a is mounted on trunnions a¹ resting in bearings in the ends of
supports ; and a gauge r is provided on its outside to shew the level of liquid
in it. The inner inverted vessel b is provided with a cock 61, at its upper part,
and lifting chains 62 for lifting it out of and lowering it into it.
In operation, first, the tube e-which it is assumed is out of the vessel a-
loaded with its cops c, say of cotton, on perforated tubular spindles d, is placed
in the vessel a-which will have been moved into the horizontal position, by
means of its trunnions and then fixed in position, as shewn by the nut j. After
this, the vessel a is turned about its trunnions to the vertical position, and the
branch k is connected up, with the pipe by a coupling pipes of india-rubber,
or other suitable coupling. In this position of parts, the vessel a is ready to
receive the dye liquor; and this liquor is forced into a by compressed air sup-
plied through the pipe o to f; that is, this air forces the dye liquor out of f,
through the pipe 7, into the cop supporting pipe e, and thence through the
spindles d, and the material e upon them, into the vessel a. This is continued
until all the dye liquor from f is forced out through the cops, and the vessel.
is nearly full. The inverted vessel 6 is then slowly let down over the cops,
the valve 61 being opened to allow of the escape of air; and upon its being
completely lowered, the valve is closed. Now the pressure in the vessel f is
released, and the flow or return of liquor from the dyeing vessel takes place,
partly by its own weight or head, and partly by exhausting the chamber f
through the pipe . By alternately forcing the dye liquor through the cops,
forwards and backwards, in this manner, the cops are dyed to. the required
shade.
By the means described, iz., by the vessel h-the cops or material to be
dyed will be kept covered with dye liquor, and nearly all the dye liquor will
be forced through the cops, and thus it will be exhausted to a large extent.
And by this invention, the amount of liquor used, relatively to the weight of
textile material dyed, is small; and the apparatus may be worked with economy,
even for dyeing with direct colours, or when the dye cannot be kept, but must
be thrown away after one or a few batches have been dyed. By these effects,
the defects or drawbacks inherent in the methods of dyeing or treating textiles,
by alternately forcing the dyeing or treating liquor to and fro, are obviated.
In lieu of the cops or material being treated, as set forth with reference to
the drawings, cops or bobbins may be arranged upon a horizontal plate, covered
by a suitable inverted cover or vessel, covering them in multiple or separately;
also, the fabric instead of being in the form of cops or bobbins, may be con-
tained on a perforated beam, or in any equivalent way.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is :-
:-
1. Apparatus for dyeing or similarly treating textile materials, in which the
material is supported upon a perforated support or supports in communication
with the treating liquor supply, and enclosed or covered by an inverted vessel,
or vessels, or covers, the said material and vessel being disposed or contained
within an outer containing vessel, and the liquor being caused to flow from the
inner vessel, into the outer vessel, and return, past the lower portion of said
inverted vessel; substantially as described.
2. Apparatus for dyeing or similarly treating textile materials, in which the
material is supported on a perforated support or supports, and adapted to have

page_text: the dye or other liquor forced through it backwards and forwards'; substantially
as in the manner herein set forth.
3. In apparatus of the kind herein referred to, for dyeing or similarly treat-
ing textile materials, an inverted vessel or bell, as b, arranged and operating
as and for the purposes described.
4. The dyeing apparatus having parts arranged, constructed, and adapted to
operate particularly as set forth with reference to, and shewn in the drawings.
*
29/1
Dated this 7th day of November 1899.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
Applicants' Patent Agents, 15, Water Street, Liverpool.
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