matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED SMOKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Partington at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 18th
March 1869.
I, JOHN PARTINGTON, junior, of Oldham, County of Lancaster, Bobbin
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED SMOKE-CONSUMING APPARATUS," to be as follows:-
The object of my Invention is to effect the more perfect consumption
of the smoke and gases generated in the furnaces of steam boilers.
I accomplish this as follows:-I make or leave apparatus or openings
at the lower part of the front of the bridge wall. From these openings
holes or passages lead to the top of the bridge through the bridge wall;
or I may form passages leading direct from the front part of the wall
below the fire-bars to the top of the bridge. Cold air enters the appertures
or openings at the lower part of the bridge wall, and is caused to pass
through the passages leading out at the top of the bridge by the draught
of the chimney or other well-known means. The bridge wall being
heated by the furnace communicates a portion of its heat to the air on
its way through these passages; this air then comes out at the top of
the bridge in a heated stato, and mingles with the unconsumed gases

page_text: and other products of combustion that pass over the bridge on their way
to the chimney, and thus facilitates their combustion. The requisite
amount of air may be regulated by using doors or slides, by means of
which the appertures or openings may be more or less closed, so that
more or less air may be permitted to pass.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND MACHINERY FOR MASHING GRAIN AND OBTAINING PRODUCTS THEREFROM
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Feild Whitehurst at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on
the 16th April 1869.
I, FREDERICK FELLD WHITEHURST, of Cambridge Cottage, Richmond
Road, Putney, in the County of Surrey, Gentleman, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS AND
MACHINERY FOR MASHING GRAIN AND OBTAINING PRODUCTS THEREFROM," to be as
follows:-
-
First. A centrifugal distributor which revolves on a pivot having
two branches perforated or slit on the under side in order to feed the
mash tun or other vessel in a uniform and continuous manner so as to
distribute the grain over the whole area of the tun.
Second. By means of rousers working in a contrary direction to cause
the greatest amount of agitation in the tun or vessel so as to prevent
the conglomeration of the grain when fed in.
Third. By means of an open escape pipe or pipes fixed in the upper
part of the tun so as to get rid of all noxious vapours created in mashing
and to prevent the grain being subject to steam pressure.
A NOVEL MANUFACTURE OF Box FOR MATCHES AND OTHER OBJECTS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
15th November 1869.-A communication from abroad by Jules
Trottier, of 39, Faubourg St. Martin, Paris, France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son,
of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex,
Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NOVEL MANUFACTURE OF Box FOR MATCHES AND OTHER OBJECTS," a
communication to me from abroad by Jules Trottier, of 39, Faubourg
St. Martin, Paris, France, to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to obtain a metal box for matches and
other articles at as cheap a rate as match boxes are now made from card-
board and other substances.
This improved box is illustrated on the annexed Sheet of Drawing.
The body A of the box is made from a sheet of metal by a first
operation of a stamping machine which bends the edges and leaves two
projecting parts a, a, forming slide bars. The lid B is set on this box
by a second operation of the stamping machine, which bends its edges

page_text: over a, a, so that the lid is attached to and slides longitudinally on the
body A. Two bosses b, b, are also formed in the stamping of the lid,
and projecting within the box keep the lid from coming off the body
when drawn open to its fullest extent.
Iм- PROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF A SUBSTANCE TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER IN A SIMILAR MANNER TO ALUM OR SULPHATE OF ALUMINA, WHICH SUB- STANCE IS ALSO APPLICABLE AS A MORDANT IN CALICO PRINTING AND TO OTHER MANUFACTURING PURPOSES IN WHICH ALUM OR SULPHATE OF ALUMINA IS EMPLOYED
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Berger Spence at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
6th December 1869.
I, JOHN BERGER SPENCE, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Iм-
PROVEMENTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF A SUBSTANCE TO BE USED IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF PAPER IN A SIMILAR MANNER TO ALUM OR SULPHATE OF ALUMINA, WHICH SUB-
STANCE IS ALSO APPLICABLE AS A MORDANT IN CALICO PRINTING AND TO OTHER
MANUFACTURING PURPOSES IN WHICH ALUM OR SULPHATE OF ALUMINA IS
EMPLOYED," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in obtaining an economical substitute for alum,
sulphate of alumina, or analogous substance, by treating an inferior class
of aluminous matters, such as the shales of the coal measures of the
fire-clay formations, or others of the same group, with sulphuric acid.
These substances I propose to grind by any ordinary apparatus, and to
place them in a reverberatory or other suitable furnace, or they may be
calcined in the first instance; they are then submitted to the action of
sulphuric acid, by which means a sulphate of alumina is formed, but

page_text: combined with iron, silica, and other matters. I have found, however,
that it may be beneficially used in the manufacture of the coarser
descriptions of paper, in calico printing, and in other manufactures in
which alum or sulphate of alumina is employed.
AN IMPROVED WINDOW BLIND
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Checketts, of No. 13, Raglan Street, Wol-
verhampton, in the County of Stafford, for the Invention of "AN
IMPROVED WINDOW BLIND."
Sealed the 22nd February 1870, and dated the 18th August 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Checketts at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th August 1869.
I, JOHN CHECKETTS, of No. 13, Raglan Street, Wolverhampton, in
the County of Stafford, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "AN IMPROVED WINDOW BLIND," to be as follows:-
To a "box" (like to that of a Venetian window blind) I suspend a
blind of a form herein-after described, made of paper, or calico, or other
like material, and stiffened with size or other substance of similar
suitability. The material of which this blind is composed is folded into

page_text: a number of horizontal folds, being folded alternately backwards and
forwards (as is the case with certain kinds of fans, made of paper or
like material,) each fold having a hole or holes therein, as do the laths
of a Venetian window blind. The top fold of the blind is connected to
the "box" mentioned above, and the blind is raised or lowered by
means of a cord or cords or its or their equivalent passing over pullies
fixed in or on the "box" just named, which cord or cords or its or their
equivalent is or are also threaded through the holes described above
in the folds, and fastened to a lath at the bottom.
This arrangement for raising and lowering the blind is similar to that
used for Venetian window blinds.
Instead of the holes just named, rings or loops may be provided,
projecting beyond the folds in any suitable position, through which
rings or loops, cords, or their equivalent would then be threaded, but I
prefer using the holes as first mentioned, as the blind in that case has a
neater appearance. This blind has much the same appearance as a
Venetian window blind, but instead of having open spaces, as is the case
with the blind just referred to, the folds leaning in one direction are
all joined together by those leaning in the other direction, thus leaving
no open space. This blind may be printed to any pattern and is made
at one-third the cost of a Venetian blind.
IMPROVE. MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER PULP AND PAPER
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Duff at the Office.
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th
August 1869.
I, CHARLES DUFF, of Russell Street, Bermondsey, in the County of
Surrey, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVE.
MENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER PULP AND PAPER," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to certain improvements in the manufacture of
paper pulp intended either for further manufacture into paper or other
analogous fabrics, and consists in the application or use of what is com-
monly known as bamboo cane or other vegetable products of the same
genus treated by a novel process.
I am aware that it has heretofore been suggested to use bamboo for-
the manufacture of paper, and therefore there is no novelty in the mere
application of bamboo for such purpose, but the processes hitherto
adopted or suggested for the conversion of bamboo or other analogous.
cane have been found to be practically useless.
Bamboo has been treated in the first instance by chemical processes.
in order to extract the resinous ingredients. and to reduce the cane

page_text: towards a fibrous condition ready for scutching, breaking, and carding;
but by my Invention I propose to subject the bamboo cane primarily to
a mechanical treatment.
I propose to take bamboo of any growth or age and to subject the
same to the operation of any suitable crushing machinery. I then
further propose to compress the fibres so crushed by means of hydraulic
or other pressure so that the material may be packed tightly and in a
comparatively small compass for convenient transport, which cannot
otherwise be done in any considerable quantity, and by which means
the knots are made to form part of the fibre and used simultaneously as
such. The crushed material is subsequently to be immersed in a caustic
or other suitable alkaline solution, which may afterwards be forced through
the material by steam pressure or otherwise in sufficient quantity to
produce a defined color, as may be required, according to the amount of
solution used. By these means I utilize the bamboo as grown, including
knots and all waste, which are subjected simultaneously to the same
process; or the material may be treated according to any ordinary
methods employed in treating various fibres for the manufacture of pulp
and paper.
The alkaline process, the acid process, bleaching, mixing with rags
or other materials, boiling, and other manipulations incidental to the
treatment of fibre and pulp may be carried on by any of the well-known
means, and the bamboo or other analogous cane crushed in the first
instance and treated in the manner described will form a very superior
base or material for the manufacture of paper pulp and paper.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PARTS OF THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Edmund Lane, of Paddington, in the County of
Middlesex, Civil Engineer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
PARTS OF THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS."
Sealed the 7th December 1869, and dated the 14th October 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Edmund Lane at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th October 1869.
I, EDMUND LANE, of Paddington, in the County of Middlesex, Civil
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "In-
PROVEMENTS IN PARTS OF THE PERMANENT WAY OF RAILWAYS," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to the securing of the rails in the chairs, and
consists of improved key fastenings. These key fastenings are composed
of a pair of wedges or inclined planes placed facing each other between

page_text: the web of the rail and the jaw of the chair. A screw bolt is passed
longitudinally through the two wedges or inclined planes, and is screwed
up to any required degree of tightness by means of a nut. The wedges
are hollowed out so as to allow of their rendering or sliding on cach
other when the nut is tightened. The base of one of the wedges is t
recessed for the head of the bolt to lic in and prevent its turning when
the nut is being moved.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWS AND IN APPARATUS OR MACHINERY CONNECTED THEREWITH
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert Ventress at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 28th October
1869.
I, ROBERT VENTRESS, of Stockton-on-Tees, in the County of Durham;
Timber Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN SAWS AND IN APPARATUS OR MACHINERY CONNECTED THEREWITH,"
to be as follows:-
Heretofore considerable difficulty has been experienced in working
more than one saw upon a bench at one and the same time, but by my
Invention I overcome this defect, and am able to work any number
of saws on one and the same bench as may be required.
The first part of the Invention then consists in the construction
and employment of saws of a rectangular shape the ends of which
form a portion of a circle struck from the centre of the saw blade
and are formed with teeth or cutting edges thereon. The blade or
blades is or are keyed to a shaft or spindle passing through the centre
thereof, and any number desired may be fitted to the same spindle.

page_text: By the use of saws made according to my Invention each saw clears
itself at every cut, bad cutting is to a great extent prevented, and
any desired number of saws may be used on the same shaft.
The apparatus or machinery consists of an ordinary circular saw
bench, provided with two pairs of driving rollers, one pair in front of the
saws, and the other behind. The spindle or shaft. for carrying the saws
is lengthened to enable it to carry a number of saws so that a number of
rips or cuts may be done at one operation.
Saws and apparatus constructed according to my Invention are par-
ticularly applicable to cutting slate, laths, Venetian blinds, wood, and
for other purposes to which saws may be applied.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CUSHIONS, SEATS, MATTRESSES, LIFE- PRESERVERS AND OTHER ARTICLES REQUIRING TO BE STUFFED
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Currie at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 10th May
1869.
I, WILLIAM CURRIE, of Edinburgh, Scotland, India-rubber Manu-
facturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CUSHIONS, SEATS, MATTRESSES, LIFE-
PRESERVERS AND OTHER ARTICLES REQUIRING TO BE STUFFED," to be as
follows:-
My Invention relates to the manufacture of articles which are
ordinarily stuffed with materials more or less elastic in their character,
or in which springs are employed for giving the required elasticity, and
consists in substituting for the materials or springs hitherto employed
for the purpose hollow air-tight pads or balls, which are laid together
and enclosed in a covering of cloth, velvet, leather, or other suitable
fabric or material.
In making a flat cushion the balls are of uniform size, and the
covering is drawn tightly over each ball as required by means of buttons
and strings, in the usual mode of tufting cushions, the part of each ball
that projects above the button forming a tuft. For some purposes the

page_text: balls may be of different sizes, or the pads may be otherwise than
spherical in form. And the balls or pads may in some cases be covered
with a suitable fabric or material separately before being enclosed in an
external cover.
AN IMPROVED COMBINED METALLIC ENVELOPE AND FILLING PLATE TO BE USED IN EXPRESSING OIL OR FATTY MATTERS FROM SEEDS OR OTHER OIL OR FAT YIELDING SUBSTANCES, AND ESPECIALLY IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL CAKE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Martin Samuelson and Cyrus
Eskrett at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their
Petition, on the 13th April 1869.
We, MARTIN SAMUELSON, of 4, County Buildings, Kingston-upon-
Hull, in the County of York, Engineer, and CYRUS ESKRETT, of
Kingston-upon-Hull, in the County of York, Oil Mill Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVED
COMBINED METALLIC ENVELOPE AND FILLING PLATE TO BE USED IN EXPRESSING
OIL OR FATTY MATTERS FROM SEEDS OR OTHER OIL OR FAT YIELDING SUBSTANCES,
AND ESPECIALLY IN THE MANUFACTURE OF OIL CAKE," to be as follows:-
We employ a metallic envelope composed of two seperate corrugated
plates of wrought iron, copper, or other ductile metal backed by a
wrought-iron frame and plate, as hereafter described. The upper plate
of said envelope is firmly fitted into and secured in the box of the
hydraulic press. The bottom plate is loose and slides into a recess in
a filling plate which is free to work up and down in the press box,
the said bottom plate being provided with a handle for the purpose
of sliding it into and out of the recess in said filling plate. The

page_text: envelope or impression plates are formed with corrugations, which do
not extend quite to the edges of the plates but leave sufficient space
to form a lip all round, to the back of which a wrought-iron frame is
rivetted. On the back of this frame and rivetted with it to the back
of the envelope is a wrought-iron plate of the full size of the corrugated
envelope plate; this plate is also rivetted to the corrugations of the
said envelope where requisite, to give greater stability to resist the
pressure.
Instead of fixing leather upon the edges of the envelope plates, as has
heretofore been practised, we fix hair or other suitable substance upon
the edges of the filling plate, which works up and down in the press
box and is not removed each time the box is filled with seed; by this
means the hair or other substance does not wear out so quickly, and
greater convenience in inserting and removing the bags of seed or other
substance is attained, and in addition to this the hair allows the oil
to escape more freely and prevents the cutting of the woollen bags into
which the seed or other substance is placed before putting into the box,
and we also fix hair or other suitable substance if found desirable upon
the edge of the upper or fixed plate.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OR IN ADDITION TO CHURNS, PARTS OF WHICH ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William McDonnell at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th January 1869.
I, WILLIAM MCDONNELL, of the City and County of Limerick, in the
Province of Munster, Ireland, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OR IN ADDITION TO CHURNS, PARTS OF WHICH
ARE APPLICABLE TO OTHER PURPOSES," to be as follows:-
My improvements in or in addition to churns consist of a new or
improved method of and apparatus for communicating motion thereto,
as well as for communicating motion for other purposes, as, for example,
to washing machines, to apparatus for washing casks, as well as to
improvements in the churn itself, all as hereafter described. I take a
pair of rails, the ends of which are turned upwards or somewhat
curved, the distance apart being regulated by the width of the churn
itself, supposing it is a churn to which I wish to communicate motion,
and I thus form a sort of cradle or frame to support the churn, as
hereafter described. These rails are united together by girders or rods
having one rod or a framing at or at about the centre of the rails, and on

page_text: which the frame is balanced and free to oscillate. Springs are placed
on the ends of a frame (in some cases a spring at one end is sufficient
and in some others they may be dispensed with altogether) supporting
the rails, against which the rods uniting the rails are free to act in
those cases where springs are used, but where they are dispensed with
the cross rods act as stops to the cradle. A handle or handles is or are
used for depressing the rails or for communicating an oscillating motion
thereto. The churn is made so that one or more of its side or sides
may be opened to permit the dashers or beaters to be of full size and
yet to be able to be taken out for cleaning after churning, and thus a
better opportunity is afforded for the thorough cleaning of the interior
of the churn itself, cleanliness being one of the most important
points to be considered in the manufacture of butter. The churn is
further provided with a wheel or wheels at each end, whereby the
churn is supported by, and free to run on, the rails. As the handle
is moved the churn rolls down the rails and up the curved portion
thereof, it thus depresses the spring or springs at one end, if springs are
employed, which again expanding and the rails being curved cause the
churn to run back to the other side, and so on so long as it is required
to keep the churn in motion.
When the apparatus is used for other purposes than to communicate
motion to churns, the apparatus to which the motion is to be
communicated, to a cask or to a washing machine for example, is
substituted for the churn.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TRAP TWISTING FRAME OR MACHINERY FOR TWISTING OR DOUBLING WORSTED OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Michael Stell at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 8th
December 1869.
I, MICHAEL STELL, of Hamerton Mill, Leeds Road, Bradford, in the
County of York, Worsted Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE TRAP TWISTING FRAME OR
MACHINERY FOR TWISTING OR DOUBLING WORSTED OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES,"
to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in having the "trap rollers " supported in
swivelling bearings, and so arranged that on the breakage of any one of
the twisted yarns its trap roller will fall back at the top end and be
removed from contact with the driving means, and thereby cease to
rotate. For driving these rollers I prefer to employ an endless belt or.
band running behind the said rollers at right angles thereto. and' in
contact with pullies fixed on the bottom parts thereof when the yarn is
in continuity, but when any one of the yarns break that roller will be
removed from contact with the driving belt and rotation will thereby cease.

page_text: Instead of belts for driving these rollers friction wheels may be
used for this purpose; also the tubes now used for carrying the bobbins
on stationary spindles or studs I propose to drive by friction wheels as
aforesaid.
IMPROVEMENTS IN CORN, SEED, AND MANURE DRILLS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Harrison at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 6th
February 1869.
I, THOMAS HARRISON, of Burton Road, Lincoln, Engineer and
Mechanist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN CORN, SEED, AND MANURE DRILLS," to be as follows:-
Heretofore as drills have been moved up hill and down hill the
delivery of corn, seed, or manure has been varied or irregular because
the canisters or receivers in the box do not keep in a level position.
Now my improvements consist in arranging the corn, seed, or manure
box or reservoir in such manner that it may remain constantly in a level
position, whether the drill is being moved up hill or down hill, or over
undulating land, so that the delivery of the corn, seed, or manure will
not vary.
I effect a constant and unvarying delivery of the corn, seed, or manure
by these following means:-Near each end of the framing and between
the wheels and the seed box ends I place an arched or otherwise shaped
bearing bar; to each of these bars I attach a suspending link. The lower

page_text: ends of these links carry the ends of the corn, seed, or manure box, so that
the box, being suspended by the links to the bearing bars will always
retain a level position, either on the level or in going up or down hill, or
on undulating land, by its being self-balanced, and thus will dispense
with a rack or screw regulator, which heretofore required the attention
of the attendant at every change of gradient,
AN IMPROVED CHIMNEY COWL
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Henry Allwork Hammond at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
18th November 1869.
I, HENRY ALLWORK HAMMOND, of Littlehampton, in the County of
Sussex, but temporarily of Cannon Street, in the City of London, Iron-
monger, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN
IMPROVED CHIMNEY COWL," to be as follows, that is to say:-
This Invention consists in an improved construction of cowl or
chimney cap by which a current of air is caused to pass in a horizontal
direction through the air chamber and around the smoke exit, causing
the smoke to escape more rapidly, thus increasing the up draught and
preventing down draught.
To construct this improved cowl or chimney cap I employ a cylinder
I
made of zinc or other suitable material. A second and larger cylinder is
placed outside the first cylinder, and each fitted with a top or cover, the
two cylinders being connected together at their lowest parts. The outer
cylinder and cover extends a little above the inner one, and the space
between the two cylinders and covers forms a chamber for the passage of

page_text: the air or wind, as herein-after described. There is a large opening in
the outer cylinder to admit the air or wind, which opening is kept facing
the wind by means of a vane on the top of the cowl. The smoke and
air escape together from the side of the cylinders exactly opposite the
entrance for the air. By this arrangement the smoke from the chimney
passes up through the inner cylinder of the cowl, and the air or wind
entering the large opening herein-before described in the outer cylinder
passes through the air chamber and out around the smoke, and as the
escape opening for the air is smaller than the entrance opening it
egresses with a greater velocity than it enters, and carries forward and
disperses the smoke.
To prevent the sweeper's brush from displacing the cowl it is fitted to
revolve on a spindle fixed in an iron plate, which is mounted on three
iron supports at a proper distance from the top of the chimney pot.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF MEDICAMENTS FOR INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL USE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Winship at the Office
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th July
1869.
I, JAMES WINSHIP, of the City of York, do hereby declare the nature
33 of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PREPARATION AND APPLICATION
OF MEDICAMENTS FOR INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL USE," to be as follows:-
The Invention consists principally in the impregnation, saturation, or
coating of paper, woven or felted fabric (or other similar vegetable or
animal substance which is inert in a medical sense) with the medica-
ments to be administered, and in stamping, printing, or otherwise
marking thereon the name, strength, and quantities of the drug or
medicament with which it has been saturated or otherwise prepared,
and in ruling, perforating, or marking thereon by lines or otherwise the
means whereby such medicated paper or other material may be divided
into specified or definite quantities or doses.
And further this Invention consists in binding or making up the said
medicated paper or other material into books, or rolling the same into

page_text: spills, or cutting it into discs, lozenges, or other convenient form
accompanied by the necessary directions or information to enable any
person to take or administer the desired dose without any weighing or
measuring being required.
The medicated paper or other material may be used internally by
tearing or cutting off the marked quantity and rolling up and swallowing
the same in the form of a pill, or it may be soaked in hot or cold water
and the solution drank. For external use it is soaked in hot or cold
water and the solution used as a lotion or fomentation.
The great advantages of this system of preparing and administering
drugs or medicaments are its great convenience and portability, and its
non-liability to mistake or accident, as each piece of medicated paper
or other material is marked with the name of the drug or medicament
of which it is made, the vehicle and also with the strength of the same,
and the means of dividing it into certain definite quantities or doses.
This system is applicable to the allopathic or homoeopathic methods
of practise, and also to veterinary use. It is evident, however, that it
cannot be applied to such drugs or medicaments as depend for their
efficacy on any ethereal or spirituous principle, and in some instances
it would require to be coated with gelatine or other similar substance to
prevent it from becoming inert.
AN IMPROVED METHOD OF FASTENING OBJECTS CAPABLE OF ROTATING ON HINGE JOINTS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edward Vansittart Neale at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd December 1869.
I, EDWARD VANSITTART NEALE, of Lincoln's Inn, in the County
of Middlesex, Esqre., do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "AN IMPROVED METHOD OF FASTENING OBJECTS CAPABLE OF ROTATING ON
HINGE JOINTS," to be as follows:-
To arrest the motion of French windows, doors, window blinds, gates,
lids, or other objects capable of rotating on hinge joints at any desired
point by pressures upon the axes of rotation of such objects or their
prolongation in either direction, or upon the edges of the rotating objects
near to such axes, or by the interlocking of hard substances placed in
or near to such axes or their prolongation.
I produce these effects in different ways, thus,―
1st. I place on the edges of the rotating object and also of the frame
to which it is fixed rough substances so as to arrest its motion by their
friction either with or without the aid of any special pressure applied by
screws or other suitable means.

page_text: 2nd. I fix so as to rotate with any such objects cylinders or segments
of cylinders of which the surfaces are roughened, provided with shoes
similarly roughened and attached to fixed frames, so that they can be
pressed by suitable means against the cylinders or segments.
3rd. I use in such cylinders or segments & shoes fluted or indented
surfaces instead of rough surfaces, and produce an interlocking of such
surfaces with each other either by pressures directed towards the axes of
rotation of the object or their prolongation, or by sliding movents
parallel with such axes.
4th. I fix bolts partially roughened, fluted, or indented, so that their
axes shall coincide with the prolongation of the axes of the rotating
objects in either direction and by suitable means force them into
receptacles similarly roughened, fluted, or indented, placed in these
objects.
5th. I place such bolts in the rotating objects so that their axes may
coincide with the axes of rotation of these objects, and fix the corre-
sponding receptacles in the frame in which they rotate.
N.B. In cases 1, 2, 4, & 5 smooth surfaces which resist lateral motion
when pressed together may be used instead of rough surfaces.
6th. I apply the methods 2-5 for arresting the motion of such
objects to the hinges on which they rotate in place of applying them as
above mentioned.
Lombine any of the above methods.
7. I combine any of the above methods.
IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Norbert Delandtsheer, of Malines, in the Kingdom
of Belgium, Flax Spinner, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN
COMBING MACHINES."
Sealed the 22nd February 1870, and dated the 23rd August 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Norbert Delandtsheer
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition,
on the 23rd August 1869.
I, NORBERT DELANDTSHEER, of Malines, in the Kingdom of Belgium,
Flax Spinner, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"IMPROVEMENTS IN COMBING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the addition of a toothed comb to the
"nippers" which draw out the fibres of the textile substances submitted
to the action of the combing machine. In such machines as hitherto
constructed the layer of material to be combed is not evenly spread, the

page_text: thicker portions only being subjected to pressure, and the thinner
portions of the fibre escaping the combing operation at each oscillation
of the machine. The product is consequently exceedingly irregular,
and a great amount of waste occurs.
The object of the present Invention is to remedy these defects, which
is done by placing in the front part of the upper jaw of the nippers a
steel toothed comb, which, when the jaw is brought down upon the
under jaw, seizes between its teeth the ends of the fibrous substance
under treatment and holds them against the front face of the lower jaw,
the result being that the layer, although not of an uniform thickness, is
equally pressed, and no portion of the fibres escapes being combed.
AN. IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING LIQUIDS IN EBULLITION FROM BOILING OVER,
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Edward Gedge at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th September 1869.-A communication from abroad by Pierre
Moreau and Léonide Mouly, Merchants, of St. Pons (Hérault),.
France.
I, WILLIAM EDWARD GEDGE, of the Firm of John Gedge and Son,.
of No. 11, Wellington Street, Strand, in the County of Middlesex, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN.
IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR PREVENTING LIQUIDS IN EBULLITION FROM BOILING
OVER," a communication to me from abroad by Pierre Moreau and
Léonide Mouly, Merchants, of St. Pons (Hérault), France, to, be as.
follows:-
This apparatus termed "The Indispensable" is of glass, earthenware,
porcelain, or any kind of metal. Its object is to prevent any escape out
of the vessel in which they are submitted to ebullition of such liquids or
matters as milk, sago, chocolate, rice, syrups, glues, in fact of all matters
which when submitted to ebullition are liable to rise, and pour over the
sides of the vessel in which they are boiled. This apparatus is more
particularly indispensable in the manufacture and liquefaction of soaps
to be used in fulling cloth.

page_text: The apparatus being thus placed in a saucepan or other vessel, con-
taining warm or cold liquid, when this latter boils it pours over the top
of the apparatus into the saucepan, re-enters the apparatus by the
openings at its base, rises within it, again overflows into the sauce-
pan, and so on so long as the ebullition lasts; not a single drop of
liquid escaping over the sides of the saucepan or other vessel.
The liquids may be heated over any ordinary fire, and cooks and
nurses using this apparatus need no longer lose valuable time in watching
their boiling.
Im- PROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR LESSENING THE DISCHARGE OF SMOKE FROM FURNACES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Henry Turner at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th May 1869.
I, WILLIAM HENRY TURNER, of Blackburn, in the County of Lancaster,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "Im-
PROVEMENTS IN MEANS FOR LESSENING THE DISCHARGE OF SMOKE FROM FURNACES,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention relates more particularly to the furnaces of steam
boilers or steam generators, but is also applicable to some extent to other
descriptions of furnaces, as, for example, to reverberatory furnaces, or to
furnaces employed in the manufacture or heating of iron, or in other
industrial operations or processes. When adapting my said improve-
ments to the furnace or to each furnace of a steam boiler I fit a dead
plate to the front of the said furnace immediately inside the doors
thereof, the said dead plate being formed with an interior space for the
passage of air, the said space being preferably divided by means of hori-
zontal or nearly horizontal or vertical or nearly vertical partitions, or by
means of partitions so arranged as to cause the air when passing through

page_text: the said space to take a more or less circuitous course, in order that the
temperature of the air may be raised. The air is by preference admitted
at one or more apertures situated in the portion of the plate which is
adjacent to the fire bars, in order that the air when entering the said
apertures or aperture may absorb a portion of the heat radiating from
the furnace, and after flowing through the passage or passages formed in
the dead plate is emitted through one or more apertures formed in the
upper part of the said dead plate and adjacent to the fire bars. The
apertures last mentioned are by preference covered with a metal shield,
the front of which is formed as a vertical or sloping grating or perforated
plate, against which a portion of the fuel is or may be allowed to rest,
the air flowing through the said grating or plato and through the said
fuel, or partly through and partly over the said fuel. The air thus
admitted being in a more or less heated state, and mixing directly with
the gases evolved from the fuel, assists in the more perfect combustion
of the said gases. The aperture or apertures formed in the upper portion
of the dead plate is or are or may be fitted with a sliding valve plate,
or with shutters, or with louvre plates, or with other means for con-
trolling the flow of air, and the said valves, shutters, or other equi-
valents may be operated upon by the hand, or by the act of opening and
closing the furnace doors, or by an ordinary or suitable self-acting
apparatus; as, for example, the said valves or shutters may be caused to
close by the act of opening the furnace door or doors, and to open when
the said door or doors is or are closed, or an apparatus may be employed
to effect the gradual closing of the said valves or shutters after each
addition of fuel.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Wilson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
21st January 1869.
I, JOHN WILLIAM WILSON, of Barnsley, in the County of York,
Timber Merchant and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
my Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STEAM BOILERS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates principally to improvements effected by the
introduction of transverso tubes in the fire-box of flue boilers whereby
additional and effective heating surface is obtained with considerable
strength to this important part of steam boilers. In an ordinary flue
boiler the part over the fire I make the form of what is I believe
commonly known as the Butterley shape. The upper part of shell
retains the same cylindrical form the entire length of boiler. A section
of the under part of the shell at the firing end is raised up into the
boiler to the same level as the top of the inner flue to which it is con-
nected, thus forming an arch over the fire, and thereby affording
considerable heating surface to the water over the arch, and that in the
space between the sides of the arch and outer shell. From under the
arch tho fire has thence direct communication through the inner flue or

page_text: flues. Across the arch I insert a water tube or tubes horizontally or
obliquely in such positions as to strengthen and to give additional
effective heating surface with a further important advantage of pro-
moting a thorough circulation of water. This arrangement of cross
tubes may be varied in its application to this form and other forms of t
flue, and also other classes of steam boilers, or may be continued the
whole length of a boiler.
IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Christopher Lockman at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
10th August 1869.
I, CHRISTOPHER LOCKMAN, of the City of Hamilton, County of
Wentworth, Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, Machinist, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
SEWING MACHINES," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists of a self-adjustable thread regulator so con-
structed and arranged as to permit the sewing of fabrics of different.
degrees of thickness without adjustment in changing from one to the
other as hereafter described.
The Invention will be best understood by reference to the accom-
panying Drawing. G is an arm of a sewing machine, and O the head,
with their usual accompanying machinery, consisting of a shaft H,
needle bar C, tension washers I, thread J, needle K, pressure post E,
pressure foot M. The self-adjustable thread regulator A is fastened to
the head of the machine O by a screw at N, and capable of being moved
and adjusted by the action of the bevilled pressure post E.. When thick
goods pass under the pressure foot M the eyelet d of the regulator A is
drawn nearer the needle bar C, causing an increase in the quantity of

page_text: slack thread; on the other hand when the fabric is thin the eyelet d by
a similar operation is drawn farther from the needle bar, causing a
decreased quantity of slack thread, resulting in an equal strain upon the
thread at all times irrespective of the thickness of the fabric operated
upon. The advantage of this improvement over sewing machines as at
present constructed is the facility with which it sews fabrics of every
thickness without the liability of the thread breaking by its being self-
adjustable, thereby making a great saving of time to the operator and
the improved neatness and beauty of the sewing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE GETTING OF COAL, STONE, AND OTHER MINERALS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Tijou and William
Whieldon at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 15th January 1869.
We, WILLIAM Tijou, of Great George Street, in the City of West
minster, Engineer, and WILLIAM WHIELDON, of Westminster Bridgo
Road, Lambeth, in the County of Surrey, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of our said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
FACILITATING THE GETTING OF COAL, STONE, AND OTHER MINERALS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object the substitution of certain improved
mechanical means for the ordinary operation of blasting in the getting of
coal, stone, and other minerals, whereby the dangerous consequences of
using explosive compounds are obviated.
According to this Invention it is proposed to break down the coal,
stone, or other minoral after it has been undercut in the usual or other
manner by inserting into a "shot holo," drilled in any convenient or
suitable part of the coal, stone, or other mineral, a contrivance consisting
essentially of one or more scries or rows of lovers or arms, having a

page_text: toggle or knee joint expansive action in a lateral direction so as to exert
a forcible pressure in opposite directions against the walls or sides of the
"shot hole," whereby the mass of coal, stone, or other mineral will be
effectually broken down. The expansive action of the levers or arms
above referred to may be effected in various ways, as, for example,
by moving longitudinally either inwards or outwards a rod or bar
upon which such levers take their bearings, the requisite power being
obtained either by hydraulic jacks, screws, or other well-known mechanical
contrivance.
IMPROVED MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES AND WATERING STREETS
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alfred Vincent Newton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
13th September 1869.-A communication from abroad by Timothy
Bigelow, of Brooklyn, in the State of New York, United States of
America.
I, ALFRED VINCENT NEWTON, of the Office for Patents, 66, Chancery
Lane, in the County of Middlesex, Mechanical Draughtsman, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVED MEANS FOR
EXTINGUISHING FIRES AND WATERING STREETS," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a new and useful improvement in means
for extinguishing fires in cities and towns having water fronts, and also.
for watering streets in such towns, and consists in laying permanent
water pipes separate and distinct from the ordinary water mains or
supply pipes of cities or towns, which pipes shall receive their water
from the navigable waters or streams on which such cities or towns are
built or near which they may be located, whether the same be salt or
fresh, pure or impure water. This system of fire department pipes thus
receiving their supply of water from the water fronts are filled by one or
more stationary or floating steam engines, one or more of which (if more

page_text: than one be employed) may be kept constantly in operation. The pipes
may be divided into sections or districts with an engine for each district,
and with a capacious air receiver for each engine, so that a head of
water may be at all times maintained in the pipes, and so that by simply
attaching the hose at one or more points the water will be carried to any
desired height.
AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SELF-REGISTERING AND CHECKING. THE MONEY' TAKEN FOR ADMISSION TO PUBLIC ENTERTAINMENTS AND ALL PLACES WHERE A- CHECK ON MONEY TAKING IS DESIRABLE
Year: 1869

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Alexander Calvert at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on.
the 81st December 1869.
I, CHARLES ALEXANDER CALVERT, of Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"AN IMPROVED APPARATUS FOR SELF-REGISTERING AND CHECKING. THE MONEY'
TAKEN FOR ADMISSION TO PUBLIC ENTERTAINMENTS AND ALL PLACES WHERE A-
CHECK ON MONEY TAKING IS DESIRABLE," to be as follows:--
The Invention is designed for the purpose of enabling the proprietors-
of places of public amusement or entertainment, or other places where
a check on money taking is desirable, to ascertain at any moment the⚫
number of persons who have passed therein, and to check. also at any.
moment the receipts of money taken for admission, and so prevent the-
takers thereof from appropriating the same to their own use..
The improvements consist in the novel employment and use of a'
glass tube or chamber (which is supported by and swings upon a hinge.
at the top) marked somewhat similar to a barometer tube only with the
numerals commencing from top to bottom, in which I place a number

page_text: of checks or tickets, this tube or chamber is locked by an authorized
person so that the money-taker has no access thereto, excepting to
obtain checks therefrom in the proper manner by the mechanism
arranged for the purpose herein-after described. Conveniently situated
in the lower part of the tube a slit or aperture is provided, through
which the checks are caused to pass out one by one by means of a
knife blade or other equivalent, which by the pressure of the hand acting
upon the tube is forced into an orifice at the back, thereby propelling
singly the coins or checks from the tube, thus as each check is drawn or
driven out by the blade or knife the next one falls down and takes its
place ready for the repitition of the action, and thus by lessening the
number of coins which are all visible in the tube shows on the indicator
the exact number which have been taken out.
I also provide the check-take with a similar apparatus only without
the slit or orifice, and with the numerals commencing from bottom to
top, into which he places the checks as he receives them, and as they
increase in number they indicate on the measurer, which is precisely the
same as the money-taker's apparatus, the number deposited therein, so
that the money-taker's and check taker's apparatus must correspond at
all times, and thus prevent the possibility of their appropriating any 2
portion of the money or checks to themselves without being detected.