IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR ROLLING AXLES AND SIMILAR ARTICLES to be as follows:
Year: 1884

page_text: I WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake & Co Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex. do hereby declare the nature
of said Invention for ." IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR ROLLING AXLES AND
SIMILAR ARTICLES to be as follows:-
"
'
This invention relates to machines for rolling axles and other round articles,
wherein the rolling is performed by rollers operating with their axes parallel with
the axis of the article subjected to them.
In the improved machine the articles to be rolled are operated upon by the
interior surface of an annular or female roller and the exterior surfaces of male
rollers extending within the female roller.
The said invention consists partly in the combination of an annular or female
roller, a male roller or male rollers extending within the same, and means for
rotating them so that their adjacent surfaces will move in the same direction.
It also partly consists in the combination of an annular or female roller, a male
roller or male rollers extending within the same, means for rotating the rollers,
and mechanism for producing a movement of the male roller or rollers towards the
opposite portion of the female roller.
It also partly consists in the combination of an annular or female roller, a male
roller or male rollers extending within the same, a chuck for holding the metal to
be rolled, means for rotating the rollers, and mechanism for moving the male'
roller or rollers towards the opposite portion of the female roller and raising and
lowering the chuck correspondingly.
It also partly consists in the combination, of an annular or female roller, a male
roller, or male rollers, a chuck for holding a bar of metal to be rolled, and means
for rotating the said rollers and the said chuck.
It also partly consists in the combination of an annular or female roller, a male
roller or male rollers, supports for the journals of the latter admitting of the
adjustment thereof at different angles, and means for forcing the male roller or
rollers towards the opposite surface of the female roller with the front end in
advance of the rear end.
55-1

page_text: I, WILLIAM ROBERT LAKE, of the firm of Haseltine, Lake, & Co, Patent Agents,
Southampton Buildings, in the County of Middlesex do hereby declare the nature
of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINES FOR ROLLING AXLES' AND SIMILAR
ARTICLES" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to machines for rolling axles and other round articles
wherein the rolling is performed by rollers operating with their axes parallel with
the axis of the article subjected to them.
In this machine the articles to be rolled are operated upon by the interior
surface of an annular or female roller, and the exterior surfaces of malo rollers
extending within the female roller.
In the accompanying drawing
Figure 1, is a front view of a machine embodying the present improvements.
Figure 2 is a plan of the same with certain parts removed and certain other
parts shown in section.
Figure 3 is a central transverso vertical section of the same.
Figure 4 is a view of a roller detached from the machines.
Figure 5 is a sectional front view of portions of a machine embodying the
improvements in a slightly modified form, and
1
Figure 6 is a plan of a portion of a machine illustrating another modification.
Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.
I will first describe the machine as illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 3. A, B, C,
designate the rollers between which axles or analogous articles are rolled. The
roller A, encircles the rollers B, C, hence the rolling of the axles is performed
between the interior of the roller A and the exterior of the rollers B, C.
8.
The roller A is shown as consisting of two cylindric shells a b, fitting one within
the other and maintained in their relative positions by keys c, so that they will
rotate together as one structure. In the inner surface of the outer shell a are two
grooves or channels d, which extend entirely around its circumference, and a
number of intersecting grooves or channels e, extending parallel with the axis from
the front to the back. Channels fextend from the channels e radially to the outer
surface of the shell. An annular plate g arranged on the front of the shells a b,
and extending from one to the other shell, covers the front ends of the channels e,
The shell a of the roller A has on it a toothed flange or circumferential rib forming
a gear wheel D. The portions of the shell on each side of this gear wheel form the
journals of the roller, and are supported in bearings in standards E.
"
The bearings of these standards are provided internally with grooves or
channels h;' which are in the same planes as the radial channels f of the roller A,
and communicate therewith. The channels are in communication with ducts i
in 'the standards. Pipes ; are fastened to the standards and communicate with
the ducts i Water supplied through the pipes '; circulates into channels of the
roller A and escapes at the rear ends of the channels e, thus keeping the
roller cool.
The roller A is driven by means of a pinion F mounted upon a shaft Fl and
engaging with the gear wheel D of the said roller: The shaft F is shewn as
constituting the driving shaft of the machine, and is provided with a pulley F
adapted to receive a belt whereby motion may be transmitted to it.
The journal boxes B' for the rollers B, C are supported in arins B' which, at one
end, are loosely mounted on the shaft F, and at or near the other end are free

page_text: to rise and fall to vary the positions of the said 'rollers with relation to the
roller A.
The journal-boxes B¹ are provided with trunnions B³, supported in bearings in
the arms, so that the rollers may be adjusted to occupy positions at different
angles to the said arms. It will therefore be evident that the arms can be
adjusted independently of each other at different angles to the horizontal, owing
to the manner in which they are mounted on the shaft F, and that the said rollers
can assume different angles relatively to the arms. In consequence of this these
rollers may be adjusted at different angles relatively to the roller A.
The arms are adjusted by cams H which act against downward projections on
the arms. These cams are arranged upon a shaft C¹ supported in standards C².
M designates a water reservoir, and M designates a roller, faced with absorbent
material, such for instance as felt, rotating in said reservoir and in contact with
the rollers B, C. The journals of this roller extend through slots in the reservoir
and rest on springs M³ which impel the roller upwards against the rollers B, C,
causing it to follow them when they rise and allowing it to fall when they fall.
The reservoir is provided with a nozzle p from which water drips on to tho
roller A.
The rollers B, C are shown as provided at the rear ends. with sprocket wheels C
with which engage chains C that also engage with sprocket wheels C³ on the
shaft F.
The surface speed of the interior of the roller A and that of the rollers B, C are
the same.
The shaft C which carries the cains His provided with a worm-wheel C that
gears with a worm C7 on a shaft C. This shaft C is inclined and at the upper
end it is provided with a bevel gear-wheel C which engages with a bevel gear-
wheel Co on a shaft C". This shaft C" derives motion through a pinion C", with
which it is provided, engaging with the gear-wheel D of the roller A.
The worm C is loose on the shaft CB and is made to derive motion therefrom by
means of a clutch piece C's, which engages with a spline or feather on the shaft, so
as to rotate therewith, but which can be moved lengthwise of the shaft. The
clutch-piece and worm may be made to engage by any suitable devices; in this
example of my invention ratchet-shaped teeth are formed on their adjacent ends
for this purpose. A lever G which is fulcrummed to a standard G¹, contributing
to the support of the shaft C, serves as a means for shifting the clutch-piece
into engagement with the worm. A spring G³ acting on the lower end of this
lever, shifts the clutch-piece out of engagement with the worm when the lever is
released by the operator.
The cams H on the shaft Care of snail form, or in other words have faces
which increase in eccentricity throughout their extent. The shaft C' makes but
one rotation to a number of rotations of the rollers B, C, hence a bar of metal
placed between the rollers A, B, C, is rolled around a number of times, the cams
gradually forcing the rollers B, C, towards the opposite surface of the roller A.
It will be remembered that the arms B' which support the rollers B, C can be
adjusted independently of each other, and into different positions from each other,
so as to cause the rollers B, C to assume positions parallel with the opposite surface
of the roller A or at angles relatively thereto. The cams H may be differently
formed or differently set, so that the one at the front of the machine will force up
the adjacent ends of the rollers B, C, slightly in advance of the other end to allow
of the metal, as the rolling progresses, to be forced towards the rear end of the
rollers. When a taper is to be given to the rolled article, one of the cams H may
have a greater throw than the other, so as to bring one end of each of the
rollers BC, nearer to the roller A than their other ends.
In the roller A is a groove k, and in the rollers B, C are corresponding grooves 1,
whereby the collar of an axle is formed. Preferably the grooves of the rollers B, C
are formed partly in sleeves S, which fit the rollers loosely and are free to turn.
thereon (see Figure 4). It is advantageous to employ these, sleeves to compensate

page_text: for the different speeds at which the different parts of the metal being rolled will
have owing to their different diameters.
The rollers will always be provided with grooves k l when designed to roll axles
or other articles which have collars; but if it is designed to roll straight or taper
articles without collars then rollers without grooves kl may be substituted.
I designates a chuck in which the metal to be rolled is secured. It consists of a
cylinder supported in a bearing in an arm I' which is hung loosely on the shaft F'
and may be connected to the adjacent arm B' so as to rise and fall therewith. At
the front of the cylinder of the chuck aro a number of dogs m adapted to slide
towards and from the axis of the cylinder, and having on the backs lugs which
fit in an arc shaped slot n arranged in a wheel m³ mounted loosely on the cylinder
near the front. The slots of the wheel extend eccentrically to the cylinder. The
wheel m' has a handle whereby it may be turned; and a lever O provided with a
tooth adapted to engage with a notch in a flange at the rear end of the cylinder, serves
as a means for holding the cylinder stationary while the wheel is being turned.
By holding the cylinder in this manner and turning the wheel the dogs may be
adjusted towards and from the axis of the cylinder to secure or release a bar of
metal placed in the cylinder.
Owing to the manner in which the chuck is supported it rises and falls with
the rolls B, C.
The chuck I may derive rotary motion from the metal bar which it holds, but
preferably it will be positively driven. In Figure G I have shown a means for
driving it. J designates a gear wheel upon the shaft F, and J' designates a gear
wheel on a sliding clutch piece J' by which rotary motion is transmitted to the
chuck cylinder. The clutch piece can be shifted by means of a lover J³ so as to
engage it with or disengage it from the chuck cylinder. When the chuck is thus
rotated it rotates the bar of metal in the same direction in which it would be
rotated by contact with the rolls, The chuck piece and the chuck cylinder are
provided with ratchet shaped teeth by which they are locked together. A spring
may be employed for normally controlling the ongagement of the clutch piece with
the chuck cylinder.
If a counter shaft is used and geared to the shaft F¹ so as to rotate reversely, a
sprocket wheel may be arranged on the counter shaft, another sprocket wheel may
be arranged on the clutch piece, and a chain may pass around the sprocket
wheels to transmit motion from one to the other. The gear wheels J. J can
then be omitted.
In making axles, round iron or steel is generally employed, as it is cheaper than
square bars and the axles are formed in two parts each of about half the length of
the finished axle.
The bar of metal to be rolled is slipped through the chuck cylinder and between
the rolls A, B, C, It is then fastened in place within the chuck cylinder and after-
wards the clutch pioco is allowed to engage with the chuck cylinder so as to
transmit motion to it. The clutch will rotate at about the same speed as the
speed which the metal bar would derive from the action of the rollers A, B, C. If
the rollers will carry the bar faster than the clutch piece rotates they can do so,
because owing to the shape of the teeth, whereby the clutch and chuck cylinder
are locked, the chuck can rotate ahead of the clutch piece. After the metal bar has
started its rotation the clutch Cis is shifted so as to start the worm C', As soon
as the worm rotates the cams H are caused to gradually force the rollers B, C,
towards the opposite surface of the roller A, After these cams have made a com-
plete rotation the rollers B, C are allowed to drop and the clutch pieces C¹³ and J'
being disengaged from the parts to which they transmit motion the chuck may be
released from the metal bar and the latter withdrawn. If the axles are to be
square the entire length of each bar back of the collar formed by the grooves kl
and including the part of the bar which was held in the chuck is then forged
square, and two halves or pieces each having a journal are woldeḍ together to
produce a finished axle..
:

page_text: In Figure 5 but a single roller B is used in lieu of the two rollers B, C heretofore
described. It is supported in journal boxes B¹ precisely like those heretofore
described but instead of these journal boxes being connected to swinging arms B
they are fastened to slides B' which are raised by cams H in the same way that
the said arms are raised by the said cams. In this example of the improvements
I employ two guides K K¹ to hold the metal bar to be rolled in proper position
between the rollers A, B. The guido K is supported by the standards E, but the
guide K¹ is supported by the slides B and rises and falls with the roller B. In
other respects than those just described this machine may be like the one first
explained.
The rollers of the machine described may be made of steel and the other parts
may be made of iron.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
First. In a machine for rolling round articles, the combination of an annular or
female roller, a male roller or male rollors extending within the same, and means
for rotating them so that their adjacent surfaces will move in the same direction,
substantially as specified.
Second. In a machine for rolling round articles, the combination of an amular or
feinalo roller, a male roller or male rollers extending within the same, means for
rotating the rollers, and mechanism for producing a movement of the male
roller or rollers towards the opposito portion of the female roller, substantially
as specified.
Third. In a machine for rolling round articles, the combination of an annular or
female roller, a male rollor or male rollers extending within the samo, a chuck for
holding the metal to be rolled, means for rotating the rollers, and mechanism for
moving the male roller or rollers towards the opposite portion of the female roller
and raising and lowering the chuck correspondingly, substantially as specified.
Fourth. In a machine for rolling round articles, the combination of an annular
or femalo roller, a male roller or male rollers, a chuck for holding a bar of metal to
be rolled, and means for rotating the said rollers and the said chuck, substantially
as specified.
Fifth. In a machine for rolling round articles, the combination of an annular or
female roller, a male roller or male rollers, supports for the journals of the latter
admitting of the adjustment thereof at different angles, and moans for forcing the
male ruller or rollers towards the opposite surface of the female roller with the
front end in advance of the rear end, substantially as specified.
Sixth. The combination with the annular or female roller A provided with
channels, of bearings therefor provided with channels, and means for supplying
water to these channels, substantially as specified.
Seventh. The combination with the annular or feinale roller A and the male
rollers B, C, of a water reservoir, and a roller rotating therein and in contact with
the rollers B, C, substantially as specified.
Dated this 8th day of December 1884.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
For the Applicant.