matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
Year: 1885

page_text: I FREDERICK BARCLAY HANBURY Bower Mount Maidstone Kent Commission
Agent do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
A double hollow cone of tin or other metal moulded at the bottom or larger end,
the inner circle at the top or smaller end fitting the candle, the outer circle at top
having a rim, the outer cone will be about one-eigth of an inch larger in diameter
than the inner cone-the cone will not require touching after being placed on the
top or lighted end of the candle, it will act automatically, resting continually on
the lighted edge of the candle.

page_text: In accordance with my Invention I employ an inner frustrum of a cone a and
an outer frustrum of a cone 6 formed of metal, glass, earthenware or any other
suitable material. These, as will be seen on reference to the drawing are disposed
concentrically relatively.to each other with an intervening space c there between,
and they are connected together at the base so as to effect a closure, by the
annulus d.
The device above described is placed on the top or lighted end of the candle, as
shewn, and any grease which otherwise would drop from the candle, will, in
accordance with my Invention, pass over the top a¹ of the inner frustrum & and
Said
down the intervening space c to the closed bottom or annulus d aforesaid.
device will not require any adjustment after being placed on the top or lighted end
of the candle, as it will act automatically, resting continually on the edge of the
candle and descending with it as the latter continues to burn away.-I prefer to
form the top of the outer frustrum b with a rim e, and to provide the interior of
said frustrum with sockets f to allow of receiving and supporting a shade holder.
The device or appliance in accordance with my Invention may be applied to all
kinds of candles, and it commends itself particularly, as compared with devices
previously introduced or proposed for the prevention of dropping of grease and
"guttering"-on account of the small space which it occupies; also from the fact
that the said device or appliance is arranged and proportioned that its weight is
disposed so as to avoid this latter acting detrimentally at the top where said device
bears upon the lighted end and edge of the candle. Also, as will be apparent on
reference to the drawing, any grease which may pass from the candle will be
retained out of sight.
E
I wish it to be understood that the outer frustrum b need not of necessity be of
conical shape, or contour corresponding with that of the inner frustrum a, provided
always that a chamber or receptacle for the grease is presented as aforesaid.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
For the prevention of grease dropping from candles the use of an inner frustrum
of a cone surrounded with an outer casing forming a chamber or receptacle open at
the top and closed at the bottom substantially as herein set forth.
1 1000
Treating Flax, Hemp, and other Textile Materials.
Year: 1885

page_text: Treating Flax, Hemp, and other Textile Materials.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK REDFERN, of the General Patent Office, N° 4, South
Street, Finsbury, in the county of Middlesex, Patent Agent do hereby declare the
nature of this invention (a communication from abroad by Charles de Bailliencourt
of Plateur à Douai, in the Republic of France) to be as follows:-
This invention consists in the application of stops or buffers (which I call Talons-
Buttoirs) for the purpose of protecting the teeth or pins of the machines in which
they are used and particularly in machines employed in the manufacture of textile
materials such as flax, wool, cotton, silk, jute, hemp and the like.
In order to enable the invention to be fully understood I will describe the same
by reference to the accompanying drawing in which figures 1, and 2, represent a
longitudinal and a transverse section respectively shewing a suitable arrangement
for carrying out the invention.
A, B, represent a suitable support on which are placed teeth or pins p, p, p,
which may be either in the support itself or in a plate S, S, fixed to the support as
shewn in figure 1, On the support are placed at suitable distances apart small
vertical stops or buffers T, T, T, (which I term Talons-Buttoirs) in such a manner
that they shall be somewhat higher than the teeth or pins so as to protect the same
against damage by accident.
It is well known that in the operation of the machines the teeth or pins in their
movement are often liable to strike against each other in rising or falling thereby
causing the points of the teeth or pins to be bent or more or less dulled or blunted. ⚫
By the use of the stops or buffers herein before described all cause of deterioration
will be removed as the said buffers will receive the shock. It will be the same in
the case of any body falling on the combs as the latter would be protected by the
stops or buffers and would consequently escape damage.
The stops or buffers may be of various shapes and either hollow, solid (as shewn
in the annexed drawing) or of any other suitable shape according to the manner in

page_text: which they are to be applied and it will be obvious that they may be adapted to
apparatus of all sizes.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The application to and use with machinery for heckling, carding, and combing
fibrous or textile materials of stops or buffers for the purpose of protecting the
teeth or pins of such apparatus as hereinbefore described and illustrated in the
accompanying drawing.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR SPINNING, DRAWING, AND TWISTING FIBRES
Year: 1885

page_text: Twisting Fibres.
"T
We NATHAN GREENWOOD and JOSEPH BUTTERWORTH both of Morley, Spinners,
and DAVID GLEDHILL of Morley, Mill Manager, all in the County of York, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR
SPINNING, DRAWING, AND TWISTING FIBRES," to be as follows:-
I employ gear and friction driving to my spindles, and so dispense with tho
bands now used'; below the wharve or wharl I employ spring friction under
the wharle's adjustable by a nut, or other suitable appliance, and drive each
spindle by helical or toothed gear wheels from a shaft running at right angles.
to the spindles, or directly underneath them, a leather, india rubber, or other
suitable friction washer may be used with advantage, the friction being applied:
on the under side of the wharve or wharl, by this arrangement there is no false
twist, and the expense and trouble of keeping the bands in repair is dispensed
with, and no variation can take place through change of weather.

page_text: Its power of winding the cop can be increased without adding to the weight of
the mule.
It gives equal and regular twist in the drawing, causing the yarn to spin better
and so giving a better yarn and improving the piece throughout its manufacture.
It is easy and simple to the operative, and is equally applicable to twisting two
or more folds of yarn or thread.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what
we claim is
The means of dispensing with bands and imparting frictional motion to the
spindles of machinery for spinning, drawing and twisting fibres (especially appli-
cable to mules) as shewn and described (or any substantial equivalent).
Year: 1885

page_text: I WILLIAM HENRY DANIELS of York Villa Granada Road Southsea Portsmouth,
Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
The object of this invention is to give the floats of the wheel a good hold of the
water, by enclosing the sides of the wheel between the floats, instead of leaving
them open as at present.
The drawing shows a side elevation of the wheel with plates A. C are the
floats.
The invention consists in applying to a paddle wheel plates A or their equivalent
at the sides between the floats so as to prevent the water from escaping sideways
when struck by the floats.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
In a paddle wheel the combination with the floats C of plates or equivalent A
for the purpose of preventing the water from escaping sideways when struck by
the floats substantially as specified.
IMPROVEMENTS IN RIFLE SIGHT ELEVATORS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, HENRY BATES, of B 27, Upper Marshall Street, Birmingham, in the County
of Warwick, Jeweller, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN RIFLE SIGHT ELEVATORS to be as follows:-
To the lower end of the body of the sight elevator I attach a cross bar carrying
a scriber, which can be used to mark lateral allowances on the sight of a rifle.
The sliding piece of the elevator is provided with rebates to ensure a steady
bearing against the side of the rifle sight when using the scriber.
The cross bar is cut through to give some amount of spring to the body of the
elevator, so that the sliding piece may not wear loose.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Rifle Sight Elevators.
I, HENRY BATES, of B. 27, Upper Marshall Street, Birmingham, Goldsmith, do
hereby declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN RIFLE SIGHT
ELEVATORS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
To the lower end of the body of the sight elevator I attach a crossbar carrying a
scriber, which can be used to mark lateral allowances on the sight of a rifle.
The sliding piece of the elevator is provided with rebates to ensure a steady
bearing against the side of the rifle sight when using the scriber.
The crossbar is cut through to give some amount of spring to the body of the
elevator, so that the sliding piece may not wear loose.
In the drawing Fig. I shews a front elevation, and Fig. II a side elevation of a
sight elevator having my improvements. The scriber a is carried by the cross-
bar b. The crossbar is cut through at c. At d d are the rebates in the sliding
piece E, to fit against the side of the rifle sight when using the scriber to mark
lateral allowances.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
A sight elevator having a crossbar carrying a scriber as described and illustrated.
IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE OVENS
Year: 1885

page_text: I JOHN CHRISTOPHER RICHMOND late of Rotherham in the county of Yorkshire
but now of 91 Yeldham Rd Fulham Palace Rd Hammersmith in the county of
Midlesex, Pattren maker do hereby decleare the nature of my invention for
IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE OVENS to be as follows:-
With three dampers C. D. E one at the right and left hand corners so as to
throw the grater part of the heat up ether side of oven at pleasure as shown
upon Fig. 1 E closed and D open and one damper at the top Cat the out let of
oven flue into the chimney so as to turn it from a cooking oven into a hot closet
that is to say the top damper at the out let C shut and the right and left hand
dampers at the bottom corners D. E. open for a hot closet or if to hot close both
dampers D. E. as they are cut out in half curcles as shown in Fig. 2. H. H. H to
decrese the heat the single lines represent sheet iron sectioned lines cast mettle.
Dated this 31st day of December 1884.

page_text: I, JOHN CHRISTOPHER RICHMOND of 91 Yeldham Road Fulham Palace Road
Hammersmith in the county of Midlesex Patren maker do hereby declare the
nature of my Invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN PORTABLE OVENS and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be perticularley described and ascertained
in and by the follwng statements:-
I construct the oven in such a maner that by placing it over the fire so that all
the heat that was yousalley lost up the chimney is forced to pass round the oven
and up the back and out at the top as shown upon Fig. 1 with a hot plate at the
top for boiling and frizeling purposes as shown upon Fig. 3 when the oven is
placed upon the fire as shown upon Fig. 2 there is a pistion or midfether B so as
to divide the heat into two parts half to pass up each side of the oven with a hot
air chamber and two small flues at the back of oven at the top as shown
A. A. Fig. 1 with three dampers C. D. E one at the right and left hand corners so
as to throw the grater part of heat up ether side of the oven at plesure as shown
upon Fig. 1 E.-closed, D. open and one damper at the top, C. at the out let of oven
flue into the chimney so as to turn it from a cooking oven into a hot closet that is
to say the top damper at the out let, C. shut and the right and left hand dampers
at the bottom corners D. E. open for a hot closet or if to hot close both
dampers, D. E. as they are cut out in half curceles as shown upon Fig. 2. H. H. H
to decrese the heat.
Having now perticulerly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed as the drawings
acompanying the compleat specification will show I declare that what I clame is
The construction of the oven so that it will be of equel heat in all parts and to
work upon aney ordenery kitchen fire or register grate and its method of being
turned into a hot closet by closing the top damper, C. and opening the two bottom
ones, D. E. and as a cooking oven with the top damper C open and to regulate the
heat by the two corner dampers D. E.
007
'
។ ....
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF TENTERING BARS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, EDWIN WALKER, of 27 High Street, Heckmondwike, in the County of York,
Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of my invention for, IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE CONSTRUCTION OF TENTERING BARS, and in what manner the same is to be
performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of my invention is to construct tentering bars in such a manner, that
the liability of fabric or pieces baking or scorching on the tentering frame is
greatly reduced, and to make the bars much lighter and more durable than those
now in common use.
Hitherto tentering bars have been made of wood or cast iron; when made of the
former they soon become unfit for use in consequence of the constantly varying
conditions of temperature and degree of moisture to which they are subjected;
and the inlet and outlet for air between the pieces is so limited, that unless great
care is exercised, the pieces become scorched or baked thereby reducing the
mellowness and pliability of the same, and when the bars are made of cast iron
they are also contracted in the air spaces, are very heavy and liable to break.
I form my improved tentering bars of wrought iron, securing them together by
distance pieces A in Fig 1 which represents a plan. Fig 2 is an elevation and the
remainder of the figures are details.
The bars are jointed together by setting the side plates B, nearer to the centre
at C such a distance, that they will enter between the inside of the straight portion
of the plates B, so that by passing a pin through the holes H, any length of bars
may be put together. The jawed ends at C are lined with hard wood or metal
distance pieces C', for sliding up the vertical posts of the tentering frame thereby
obtaining a greater width of air space between the side plates B for the air to pass
between the pieces when stretched on the tentering frame.
•
To each side plate B on the outside thereof, I secure the pin or hook laths L,
and when the pieces are hung thereto on the tentering frame, they are rapidly
dried at a low temperature in consequence of the large amount of air space D, that
is obtained through the tenter bars at the top and bottom of the frame for the air
to pass through, between the pieces to take away any vapour that may be formed,
thereby drying both sides of the pieces at the same time, and thus reducing the
liability of the pieces baking. or scorching, by which the soft and mellow handling
of the pieces is preserved..

page_text: The side plates B may be of various sections, flat as shewn by Fig 3 or formed
with ribs as shown by Figs 4 and 5, by which the tenter hook laths are supported,
thereby relieving the strain on the screws attaching the laths E to the side
plates B.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
Wrought iron tenter bars combined with hard wood or iron distance pieces C³,
by which a greater amount of air space is obtained between the pieces hung on
both sides of the frame.
METHOD AND cr APPLIANCE FOR UTILISING THE CASES OF SPENT CARTRIDGES FOR MINIATURE : PRACTICE
Year: 1885

page_text: I, RICHARD MORRIS of Bennett Park, Blackheath, in the County of Kent,
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention for METHOD AND
cr
APPLIANCE FOR UTILISING THE CASES OF SPENT CARTRIDGES FOR MINIATURE
:
PRACTICE and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:—
In a Provisional Specification No 2733 of 1882 I suggested a method of utilising
the cases of spent cartridges for miniature practice by placing in them small
charges of gunpowder wrapped in paper tubes. My present invention relates to
an improved method and appliance for this purpose, as I will explain referring to
the accompanying drawings. I cut or punch out pieces of thin but strong paper
(which may be of a kind that will consume) to a diamond shape such as A shewn
in plan in Fig. 1 and in edge view at Fig. 2, preferably bulging them in the middle
with a hollow in which I place in a heap the small charge B of gunpowder or
other explosive. I then turn the sides and ends of the paper up and twist them so
as to form, as shewn in Fig. 3, approximately a ball containing the explosive B,
with a twisted neck C. On this neck I string an annular wad D or a couple of
such wads, and I place the whole in the cartridge case E as shewn in Fig. 4 with
a hollowed bullet F in front, which is retained in its place by pinching in the lip
of the cartridge case. Instead of using loose gunpowder placed in a heap B, a
moulded pellet of explosive may obviously be employed.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
The herein described method and appliance for utilising the cases of spent
cartridges for miniature practice.
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant,
28, Southampton Buildings,
London, W.C.
Improvements in or Connected with Halter, Harness, and other Chains.
Year: 1885

page_text: Improvements in or Connected with Halter, Harness, and
other Chains.
I, ALBERT WHITE Cox, of Hastings, in the County of Adams and State of
Nebraska, in the United States of America, Gentleman, do hereby declare the
nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN OR CONNECTED WITH "HALTER,
HARNESS AND OTHER CHAINS" and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to an Improvement in spring links for chains and harness
straps. The details of construction and operation of the several parts, will be
hereinafter described and pointed out in the accompanying drawings in which
Figs. 1 and 2 are side elevations of my device attached to a chain and strap
respectively.
Figs. 3 and 5. detail views of the spring link, and
Fig. 4 a side view of the holding bar.
Referring more particularly to the drawings: The bar A is provided with the
oblong slot, al, and has a projecting shoulder, a, around which the link swings.
The link B, is now made of one piece of metal rod or wire, bent and formed
substantially as follows: The end, b, of the wire is passed through the slot, a, and
then bent at right angles and brought downward to form the piece, 61, which is at
its lower end bent into the shape of a ring, 62, and continued upward as at b³, and
the piece then passed through the slot bent at right angles and brought downward
as at 6, and this piece then twisted around the shank above the ring forming the
holding twists, 65, 66.
This is easily and quickly done and needs no soldering or welding. I thus obtain
a light, strong spring link affording all the advantages required for its use.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1. In a holding device for harness and chains, the combination with the holding
bar having an oblong slot, of the spring link B made of a single piece of metallic

page_text: wire or rod, the wire being passed through the slot in the bar and so bent as to
form two separate loops, spread apart from each other and held in 'said slot, the end
opposite the loops having a holding ring, substantially as described.
2. In harness and other chains a spring link composed of a single piece of
metallic wire or rod so bent as to form two separate loops at one end, spread
apart from each other, the opposite end forming a holding ring substantially as
described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN DISINFECTANTS
Year: 1885

page_text: I JAMES COCHRAN STEVENSON M.P. of Westoe in the County of Durham Alkali
"IMPROVEMENTS
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for
IN DISINFECTANTS to be as follows:-
"
These improvements relate to the production of permanganate of soda in
solution. For this purpose I prepare a dry mixture of manganate of soda in
powder and acid sulphate of soda also reduced to powder. When this mixture is
dissolved in water the permanganate of soda is developed in solution by the action
of the.excess of sulphuric acid on the manganate, and the characteristic deep pink
color of permanganate is produced.
The invention is also applicable to manganate of potash.
In place of acid sulphate of soda other acid salts or acids in a dry form may be
employed where they are obtainable at a sufficiently cheap rate.
CARPMAEL & Co.,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: J, JAMES COCHRAN STEVENSON M.P. of Westoe in the County of Durham - Alkali
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
These improvements relate to the production of permanganate of soda in solution
for the disinfecting of sewage and other purposes of disinfecting or deodorizing by
means of a dry substance which is portable and harmless and ready for immediate
use.
For this purpose I prepare a mixture of manganate of soda in powder with acid
sulphate of soda also reduced to powder, the more finely ground and intimately
mixed the better. In the dry state these substances have no action upon each
other.
When this mixture is dissolved in water the permanganate of soda is imme-
diately developed in solution by the action of the excess of sulphuric acid on
the manganate and the characteristic deep pink colour of the permanganate is
produced.
Acid sulphate of soda (or bisulphate of soda) containing 40 per cent of free
sulphuric acid (H, SO,) can be easily reduced to fine powder when freshly made
and the quantity required for the mixture should be sufficient to neutralize the
soda in the manganate and the effect is increased when a further quantity of acid
sulphate is used sufficient to dissolve the lower oxides of manganese present.
I have found that a suitable mixture may be made consisting of 4 or 5 portions
by weight of acid sulphate of soda containing 40 per cent of free acid and one
portion of manganate of soda containing 25 per cent of real manganate (Na, Mn O₁).
An excess of acid should be avoided which might prove injurious to the vessels in
which the solution is made or employed.
I do not confine myself to the proportions above mentioned.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said.
invention and in what manner the samo is to be performed I declare that what
J claim is
A disinfectant consisting of a dry mixture of manganate of soda and acid
sulphate of soda.
PORTABLE ILLUMINATED DESK
Year: 1885

page_text: We FREDERICK JOHN DAVIS, Master Mariner of 15 Gibbons St Plymouth,
Devon, England; and EDWIN HARRY MIDDLETON, Merchant of 6 Russell Place,
Devonport, County of Devon England do hereby declare the nature of our
invention for a "PORTABLE ILLUMINATED DESK" and in what manner the same
is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :―
The Portable Illuminated Desk, is made of metal or wood-(shaped as per
drawings) with a lamp which illuminates the writing or reading part vertically,
whilst in use.
It is fitted with books to suspend it by (if required) and screw clamps, to
attach it to any ordinary staunchion on ship's bridges or elsewhere. The desk is
so constructed, that when not in use, it can be carried in the hand, as an ordinary
box, no light whatever being visible. To bring the desk into working order, it is
merely necessary to press a spring fitted to the apper part-called the shade-and
immediately the lower part opens automatically to a convenient angle, forming a
desk for reading or writing on. This part called the flap-is fastened to the
back of the case by strong butt hinges, and is kept at the required angle by a
strong elbow hinge; the upper part of which is fastened to the side (interior) of
the box, and the lower part to the side of the flap or Desk itself.
The fastening used for keeping the Desk closed is an ordinary spring catch; the
spring being fastened to the lower edge (front part) of the shade, and the catch to
the outer edge of the flap. The upper part of the interior of the box itself is
surrounded by burnished metal acting as reflectors to the lamp. The lamp fits into
a circular hole in the top of the box kept in position by screws.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what
we claim is
1st That all the Desk part is a new idea.
2nd That it will be of great service on steam or sailing ships for use of the
officers of the watch, who at present are under the necessity of leaving the deck
at night when it is necessary to send a written report to the commander or to refer
Prine Rd1

page_text: to the night order book, or other books of reference &c. &c thereby incurring
special risk to the ships navigation.
3rd That the Desk can be used in any weather the lamp being perfectly
protected from wind or rain and the light being completely hidden except when
the desk is being used, makes it especially useful where total darkness and
instantaneous light is required as on Ships Bridge's, an ordinary vertical binnacle
lamp is used for illuminating the Desk or it can be lighted from the side with an
ordinary oil Lamp.
Year: 1885

page_text: I BENNETT PELL of N° 14 Union Court in the City of London, Electrician do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
In voltaic batteries in which manganese is used as one of the elements, it is
usual to place a compound of manganese and carbon in granular form in a porous
pot surrounding the carbon electrode or to fix on the carbon electrode blocks of
imanganese agglutinated. In the former case the porous pot often gives way or
becomes too impervious and when it is sealed into the cell the whole apparatus is
often deranged or broken in replacing it. The agglutinated blocks present a small
surface for action, and their surface becomes shortly inefficient and has to be
scraped or otherwise renewed. Now according to my invention I employ a mixture
of manganese and carbon in granulated form, and I place this around the carbon
electrode within a jar or pot of glass, ceramic or other suitable material which has
through it a number of holes or slits not sufficiently wide to allow passage of
the granules, but giving free passage for the exciting liquid. I prefer to make
the carbon electrode of circular section so that a cover can be easily fitted to the
perforated jar, this cover requiring simply a central round hole to fit over the
carbon.
Th: 10th day of Dosamber 1885
ABEL & IMRAY,
Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, BENNETT PELL, of N° 14 Union Court in the City of London, Electrician,
do hereby declare the nature of my invention and in what manner the same is
to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement:-
In voltaic batteries in which manganese is used as one of the elements, it is usual
to place a compound of manganese and carbon in granular form in a porous pot
surrounding the carbon electrode or to fix on the carbon electrode blocks of
manganese agglutinated. In the former case the porous pot often gives way or
becomes too impervious and when it is sealed into the cell the whole apparatus is
often deranged or broken in replacing it. The agglutinated blocks present a small
surface for action, and their surface becomes shortly inefficient and has to be
scraped or otherwise renewed. Now according to my invention I employ &
mixture of manganese and carbon in granulated form, and I place this around the
carbon electrode within a jar or pot of glass, ceramic or other suitable material
which has through it a number of holes or slits not sufficiently wide to allow
passage of the granules, but giving free passage to the exciting liquid. I prefer to
make the carbon electrode of circular section so that a cover can be easily fitted
to the perforated jar, this cover requiring simply a central round hole to fit over
the carbon.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
In manganese voltaic batteries, surrounding the carbon electrode with a granular
mixture of manganese and carbon enclosed within a perforated jar, substantially as
and for the purpose herein set forth.
Fire Lighters to be Used instead of Sticks for Lighting Fires.TEA
Year: 1885

page_text: Fire Lighters to be Used instead of Sticks for Lighting Fires.
WILLIAM ANDERSON, 27 Eton street, Gateshead on Askew Road Agent for
Books, THOMAS MORRIS, Builder 67 Amberley Street Gateshead on Tyne do
hereby declare the nature of Fire Lighters invention for LIGHTING FIRES, INSTEAD
OF STICKS to be as follows:-
Made of Peet, Turf, Moss Litter, Rosin, Pitch, Sawdust, Crystal from Tar, as
taken from creosote oil, by distilation of coal tar or settlings from the creosote oil
after taken from the tar,
WILLIAM ANDERSON.
THOMAS MORRIS.

page_text: Fire Lighters to be Used instead of Sticks for Lighting Fires.
WILLIAM ANDERSON 27 Eton Street, Gateshead Agent for Books THOMAS
MORRIS 67 Amberley Street Teams Gateshead, Builder we do hereby declare the
nature of owr invention for LIGHTING FIRES INSTEAD OF STICKS and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
Equal weights of the afore named ingreadients are put into a copper or boiler and
heated, stirred up together, untill well mixed then taken out and pressed into
molds, and when taken out of the molds are ready for use, and put into the grate
on the top of a few cinders, coals or cinders being placed around the lighter and
ignited by a match, thus making a good fire without sticks or paper.
Having now particularly discribed and ascertained the nature of owr said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declair that what
we claim is to despense with the use of sticks and paper in the making of a fire
and more readly ignites the coal.
WILLIAM ANDERSON.
THOMAS MORRIS.
Year: 1885

page_text: I EDWARD HANDFIELD MORTON of 54 Naylor Street Liverpool in the County
of Lancaster, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
The object is to provide an earth plate suitable for use with standards of
channeled angled and like shapes in cross section.
The invention consists essentially in making the plate with three or more strips
projecting from the face of the plate in the same direction alternately a greater and
lesser distance so as to form a space or spaces through which the standard can be
passed. The standard and plate are secured together by a key or keys passed
through the said standard and plate, and the plate may be plain corrugated or of
any suitable form.

page_text: Improvements in Earth Plates for Fencing Standards.
I EDWARD HANDFIELD MORTON of 54° Naylor Street Liverpool in the County
of Lancaster, Manager, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
The object is to provide an earth plate suitable for use with standards of
channelled angled and like shapes in cross section.
The invention consists essentially in making the plate with three or more strips
projecting from the face of the plate in the same direction, that is to say, away
from the body of the plate on one or both sides alternately a greater and lesser
distance, so as to form a space or spaces, through which the standard can be
passed. The standard and plate are secured together by a key or keys, passed
through the said standard and plate, and the plate may be plain corrugated or of
any suitable form.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Fig. 1 is a plan, and fig. 2 an elevation of an earth plate under my invention for
supporting angle iron standards. abc are three strips of metal projecting in the
same direction, and on the same side of the body d of the plate alternately.a
greater and less distance so as to form a space through which the standards e can
be passed, fpin for securing the standard in position.
Fig. 3 is a plan, and fig. 4 an elevation of an earth plate under my invention for
carrying tec iron standards, here the strips ab project alternately in the same
direction but on opposite sides of the plates a greater and less distance from the
body of the plate, e tee iron standard.
It will be obvious that the strips will be bent to suit the shape of the standards
used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is:-
Earth plates for fencing standards, with three or more strips projecting from the
face of the plate alternately a greater and lesser distance in the same direction.
J. T. KING,
Per J. Johnson, Agent.
The Manufacture of a New Material for Polishing or Brightening Metals.
Year: 1885

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
The Manufacture of a New Material for Polishing or Brightening
Metals.
I JAMES SMITHI of 9 Brook Street Stoke-upon-Trent in the County of Stafford
Agent do hereby declare the nature of my invention for THE MANUFACTURE of ▲
NEW MATERIAL FOR POLISHING OR BRIGHTENING METALS to be as follows:—
I grind old or broken seggars (used in baking pottery ware) firebricks or burnt
fireclay of any kind to a fine powder by any suitable method and this either by
itself or in conjunction with oils, greases, ground bones or other like substances
will make a good material for polishing or brightening netals and the fine powder
can by the addition of Cement or other combining substance be made into imitation
bath bricks.
DLL 10
ich and nicht foo

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
The Manufacture of a New Material for Polishing or Brightening
Metals.
I JAMES SMITH of 9 Brook Street Stoke-upon-Trent in the County of Stafford
Agent do hereby declare the nature of my invention for THE MANUFACTURE OF A
NEW MATERIAL FOR POLISHING OR BRIGHTENING METALS and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
I grind old or broken seggars (used in baking pottery ware), firebricks, or burnt
fireclay of any kind to a fine powder by any suitable method and this either by
itself or in conjunction with oils greases (in sufficient quantity to make a paste)
ground bones (proportion from one quarter to one half parts) or other like
substances in suitable proportions will make a good material for polishing or
brightening metals and the fine powder can by the addition of from one quarter
to one half parts of Cement or other combining substance in suitable proportions
be made into imitation bath bricks.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
1st The manufacture of a polishing or brightening material from ground old or
broken seggars, firebricks, or burnt fireclay without or with the additions named
and
2nd The manufacture of imitation bathbricks by the addition to the said
polishing material, of cement or other combining substance substantially as herein
described.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP VALVES FOR USE WITH CHEMICAL FLUIDS
Year: 1885

page_text: I, WILLIAM TITUS CORTIN, of Mushroom Quay of the City of Newcastle-upon-
Tyne in the County of Northumberland Plumber and Brass Founder, do hereby
declare the nature of my invention for IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP VALVES FOR USE
WITH CHEMICAL FLUIDS and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
In the accompanying drawing Fig. 1 represents a Transverse section of one form
of my Valve A being the body with combined or loose valve seat B is the cover
and stuffing box combined is the gland to same D is the valve and spindle
E is the hand wheel or handle with screw combined for actuating the aforesaid
valve and spindle and F the combined nut and bridle through which E works
Fig. 2 represents an end elevation of this form of my valve showing an external
appearance of the aforenamed parts which are lettered correspondingly and Fig. 3
is a representation in plan of the part A with all else removed.
The internal parts of the valve are made in Lead Regulus or any other suitable
metal or materials the packing is India-rubber or any other such elastic durable
substance the outer or actuating parts are made in Brass Iron or other suitable
material Having described one form of my valve I further claim for other forms
to place the inlet or outlet branch or branches at any angle to the valve and seat
or at any angle to each other or to make them any more suitable shape otherwise
than shewn in the accompanying drawing Further to employ any other method
of joints usually used such as Spigot Socket Male or Female screws Screw couplings
and Plumbed joints instead of flanges as shewn The valve is open or shut by
operating on the hand wheel or handle (E) whose screw rotating in the nut (F)
rises or falls the valve spindle (D) being held from turning round by the friction
of the packing carried between the gland (C) and the box (B) passing freely through
the hand wheel and screw (E) hence effecting an important feature in my valve
viz: the valve and spindle do not rotate securing a minimum of wear in all parts
desireable in the soft metals generally used.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is
Constructing all stop or regulating valves for the use of chemical fluids as herein
described with reference to the accompanying drawing made in Lead Regulus or
any other metal or materials more suitable.
Dated this twenty fifth day of November One thousand eight hundred and
IMPROVEMENTS IN SPINDLE FLYERS
Year: 1885

page_text: I ROBERT TURPIE 17 Chesnut Terrace Watt Street Harpurhey Manchester,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the above invention for IMPROVEMENTS
IN SPINDLE FLYERS to be as follows:-
I bend or make a curve or part of a circle at the top part of the flyer arms in
such a manner as will cause the yarn to move automatically round to the straight
part and rest on the top at the outside of the flyer arm and thereby avoid all
contact with the bobbin head so that fewer ends will be broken down by its
peculiar action when working at a very high speed.
I some times form the above curve when required by applying a peice or peices
of metal at the top part of the flyer arms fastened by brazing or any suitable
manner.

page_text: ∙and Doubling.
I ROBERT TURPIE 17 Chesnut Terrace Watt Street Harpurhey Manchester
Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my invention for SPINDLE FLYERS and
in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:―
I bend or make a curve or part of a circle at the top part of the flyer arms in
such a manner as will cause the yarn to move automatically round to the streight
part and stay there so that the yarn will rest on the top at the outside of the flyer
arm and thereby avoid all contact with the bobbin head so that fewer end will be
broken down by its peculiar action when working at a very high speed.
I sometimes form the above automatic curve on some of the ordinary flyers in
use by applying a peice or peices of metal made and shaped to suite the requirements
of particular flyers.
Refering to the accompanying sheet of drawings,
A represents the front view of the flyer with the top part inclining a little to
you to show the general form of the flyer.
B represents the side view showing the form the curve takes when the flyer arms
are opposite each other.
C represents the top part of the flyer showing the curved form to be equal at
both sides.
D represents one of the plans which I prefer to adopt in applying the automatic
curve to some of the ordinary flyers in use at the present time but I do not confine
myself to this one only as I may use two peices of metal on some flyers.
E represents the yarn and shows the positions it takes up on the flyer arm from
the thread wire to the bobbin.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
First. The automatic curved form of the upper part of the flyer arms, substan-
tially as hereinbefore described.
Secondly. The method of applying the automatic curved form to the ordinary
flyers when required to do so, substantially as herein before described.
D1 11:
L
: TOOK
ROBERT TURPIE,
Year: 1885

page_text: I JAMES MASHALL of the firm of Marshall Sons & Company Limited of
Britannia Iron Works Gainsborough in the County of Lincoln Engineers do
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My Invention has for its object to provide a thrashing machine which is better
fitted to treat certain kinds of straw than are those as at present constructed.
According to my Invention instead of the shakers consisting of narrow boxes
extending the whole length of the shaking apparatus I make the shakers the width
or about the width of the inside of the thrashing machine and divide the said shakers
transversely into lengths which are respectively driven from one and the other of
the shoes by driving arrangements such as are described in the Specification of my
application for Patent No 1658 of 5th February 1885.
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
Agent for the said James Marshall.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Thrashing Machines.
I, JAMES MARSHALL, of the firm of Marshall Sons and Company Limited, of
Britannia Iron Works, Gainsborough, in the County of Lincoln, Engineers do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:
My Invention has for its object to provide a thrashing machine which is better
fitted to treat certain kinds of straw than are those as at present constructed.
According to my Invention instead of the shakers consisting of narrow boxes
extending the whole length of the shaking apparatus I make the shakers. the
width or about the width of the inside of the thrashing machine and divide the
'said shaker boxes transversely into lengths which are respectively driven from one
and the other of the shoes by driving arrangements such as are described in thẻ
Specification of my Application for Patent No 1658 of 5th February 1885.
And in order that my said Invention may be fully understood I refer to the
accompanying Drawing which illustrates in side elevation a machine having the
shaker boxes A A2 arranged according to my Invention. They are made of
the width or about the width of the inside of machine and they are divided
transversely into several lengths-in the Drawing they are shewn as being divided
into two lengths-transversely, but they may be divided into more than two
lengths if desired. The lengths are shewn as being driven from the shoes
respectively by driving arrangements like those shewn in the Specification of
my Patent of 5th February 1885 N° 1658 the length A being driven from one
shoe and the length A* being driven from the other shoe.
. Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
In thrashing machines, shaker boxes divided transversely but extending the
width or nearly the width of the inside of the machine and in combination with
means for driving the respective lengths substantially as described and illustrated.
Dated this 8th day of September 1886.
Improvements in Getting or Mining Clay.
Year: 1885

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Getting or Mining Clay.
I, JOSEPH HENRY KEY of Greenbank Newton Abbott in the County of Devon
Clay Merchant do hereby declare the nature of said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN GETTING OR MINING CLAY" to be as follows:-
"
My Invention has for its object to effect the mining or getting of clay in blocks
in a manner which will obviate the cost of removing the "head or earth above
the bed of clay-According to my Invention I sink a shaft or cutting down by the
side of the bed of clay and I cut the clay in blocks or cubes from a perpendicular
face by working underground instead of cutting from a horizontal face in an open
pit as has hitherto been the custom.
Dated this 17th day of April 1885.
J. HENRY JOHNSON,
47, Lincoln's Inn Fields,
Agent for the said Joseph Henry Key.

page_text: I, JOSEPH HENRY KEY, of Greenbank Newton Abbott in the County of Devon
Clay Merchant do hereby declare the nature of my invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN GETTING OR MINING CLAY" and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
"
head"
My Invention has for its object to effect the mining or getting of clay in blocks
or cubes (technically called 'balls") in a manner which obviates the cost of
removing the "head" (or the earth and waste lying above the bed of clay)-
According to my Invention I sink a shaft or cutting down through the
over and into or by the side of the bed of clay and I then cut the clay horizontally
into blocks or cubes from a perpendicular face underground instead of first removing
the "head" and then cutting perpendicularly from a horizontal face in an open pit
as has hitherto been the custom I may use for this purpose any cutting implement
or machine suited for the purpose for example I may use the machine described in
the Specification of my application for Patent N° 11792 of 30th August 1884 or
I may use ordinary cutting spades with or without guide bars or rests across the
face of the clay.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is
The improvements in getting or mining clay in blocks cubes or "balls" consist-
ing in cutting the blocks or "balls" from a perpendicular face underground in the
manner hereinbefore described. .