CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MA- CHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR READING IN AND TRANSFERRING DESIGNS OR PATTERNS, AND FOR CUTTING, PUNCHING, AND NUMBERING, OR OTHERWISE PREPARING PER- FORATED CARDS, PAPERS, OR OTHER MATERIALS USED OR SUITABLE IN THE MANU-
Year: 1852

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME OR BE MADE
KNOWN, I, DUNCAN MACKENZIE, of London, in the County of Middlesex,
Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Royal
Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at
Westminster, the Twenty-ninth day of June, in the sixteenth year of Her
reign, and in the year of our Lord-One thousand eight hundred and fifty-two,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Duncan Mackenzie, my exors, admors, and assigns, Her especial license,
full power, sole privilege and authority, that I, the said Duncan Mackenzie,
my exors, admors, and assigns, and such others as I, the said Duncan
Mackenzie, my exors, admors, or assigns, should at any time agree with,
and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term of years therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise,
and vend, within that part of Her Majesty's United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland called England, Her Dominion of Wales, and the Town
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, my Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN MA-
CHINERY AND APPARATUS FOR READING IN AND TRANSFERRING DESIGNS OR PATTERNS,
AND FOR CUTTING, PUNCHING, AND NUMBERING, OR OTHERWISE PREPARING PER-
FORATED CARDS, PAPERS, OR OTHER MATERIALS USED OR SUITABLE IN THE MANU-

page_text: FACTURE OF FIGURED TEXTILE FABRICS, BY JACQUARD'S OR OTHER WEAVING LOOMS
OR FRAMES;" in which said Letters Patent is contained a proviso that I, the
said Duncan Mackenzie, shall cause a particular description or instrument
in writing under my hand and seal of the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed or carried into practical effect,
to be enrolled in Her Majesty's High Court of Chancery within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said herein in part
recited Letters Patent, as in and by the same, reference being thereunto had,
will more fully and at large appear.
NOW KNOW. YE, that in compliance with the said proviso, I, the said
Duncan Mackenzie, do hereby declare that the nature and particulars of my
said Invention, and the manner in which the same is to be performed and
carried into practical effect, are particularly set forth, described, and ascertained
in and by the following description or Specification, reference being had to the
two Sheets of Drawings hereunto annexed, which Drawings and the figures
thereon are progressively numbered, and the letters, indices, or references
employed to indicate any particular part or parts of my improvements, are
also made use of to represent the same part or parts in other Figures where
different views thereof are shewn, that is to say :-
My Invention consists of machinery and apparatus for cutting, punching,
numbering, and perforating, or otherwise preparing cards, papers, or other
-suitable materials on which designs or patterns may be transferred and applied
to Jacquard or other weaving looms or frames to produce ornamental figures
in textile fabrics, and of arrangements and combinations of mechanism for
accomplishing what are technically called 'ties,' which are the different
adjustments and disposition of the harness or mountings of the looms which
influence and regulate the elevation and depression of the warp threads in the
process of weaving, for insuring and producing more accurate results, and for
saving time and lessening the expense in transferring and perforating designs
or patterns to and on suitable substances which may transmit them to manu-
factured textile fabrics by means of the Jacquard or other weaving looms or
frames. These operations of reading-in, cutting, repeating, &c., I perform in
a more convenient, simple, correct, and expeditious manner than they have
hitherto been done by combining five different machines or apparatus in one
small machine, by rendering plain and intelligible the intricacy of reading-in
by dispensing with the necessity of training required to qualify persons to do
them, and by enabling inexperienced individuals to read in, transfer, punch,
and repeat designs or patterns with ease and quickness. This machine consists
of two side frames, a diagonal brace at the back, and a stretcher and two

page_text: brackets in front. A comb, die, centre check, strengthing and stock plates (the
latter contains the punches) are placed between the two side frames in the
upper part of the machine, and also a repeater is exactly opposite to or in the
same line with the perforations of the plates. A shaft with the two eccentric
cams and levers is placed at the back of the diagonal brace in the upper part
of the machine, having bearings in bushes fixed in the two side frames, and
two adjustable links connecting the ends of it to the projecting ends of the die
plate, and which work in two slides in the side frames in front of the machine.
Two guide bars, screwed to the side frames and parallel with each other,
support the needles of the bell crank levers below the repeaters. A cross
shaft below the stock plate works in bearings in the side frames, with an
eccentric cam on each end of it. Two cams are also keyed on the shaft
outside the frame, and support the projecting ends of the stock plate which
enter vertical slots in the side frames. On the end of this shaft I also fix a
ratchet wheel outside of the right-hand cam. This ratchet wheel is worked
by a treadle outside of the frame, with a spring roller, catch, pall, and spring
to keep it in its proper position. A hand lever, acting on a pivot and sliding
in a socket, draws back the lifting rod by means of double links, the outer
end of the treadle being kept in its proper position by a small spring catch;
it extends from the back of the ratchet wheel and over it to the front of the
machine. A cross shaft under the stock plate has a small cam fixed on the left-
hand end, and a disc outside of it. There are two levers, one on each slide of
the inside of the machine, turning on a pivot projecting from the slide frames;
the front ends of these levers are connected to the check plate by two rods,
and similar rods connect the check plate and levers which act on it at the top.
The lower ends of the bell crank levers are in front of the machine working
on the fulcrums (the even numbers on one and the odd ones on the other),
and furnished with keys similar to those of a pianoforte, and numbered
consecutively to correspond with the numbers on the pointers of the index
bar. This index bar, which has the pointers fixed on it by set screws,
has bearings in the brackets fixed to the side frames; it is placed above
the keys and opposite the presser roller. A lever working on an adjust-
able fulcrum at the left-hand side of the bracket has one end joined to
the left-hand end of the index bar and the other end of it extends to
the outside of the face of the disc aforesaid, with a small roller on it.
There are three rollers working in bearings in the aforesaid side brackets
placed in front of the machine, over the lower ends of the bell crank levers,
and opposite the index bar. The presser roller is placed immediately opposite
the pointers, having a ratchet wheel fixed on its left-hand arbour outside the

page_text: bracket. Fixed to the side bracket is a socket, and a lever having an indent
to turn the ratchet wheel; which slides in it up and down. This lever is joined
by a link to the rod placed opposite the small cam fixed on the cross shaft afore-
said, acting on a pivot at the side bracket, and having a projection at the other
end, touching a point in the circumference of the cam, and a spring attached
to the side bracket, keeping it up to the cam. The numbering apparatus is
placed on the right-hand side frame of the machine, and is worked by a lever
connected by a rod to the hand lever fixed on the end of the cross shaft at the
back of the machine. The cutting shears are placed in the upper part of the
machine, which I extend up to receive them. The roller supporting the paste-
board paper is placed between the side frames at the top of the machine.
Having thus described the general principles of my Invention, I will now
describe the same as illustrated by the two Sheets of Drawings hereunto
annexed, and the Figures thereon. In No. 1 Sheet of Drawings, Figure 1
represents a side elevation of my machine or apparatus. Figure 2, a front
view of the same. Figure 3, a vertical section. Figure 4, a plan shewing the
horizontal arms of the bell crank levers. Figure 5, a plan of the lower part of
the machine. Figure 6, a plan at the cutting shears. Figure 7, a plan at the
numbering machine. Figure 8, a section of the perforated plate in the posi-
tion in which they are when the stock and centre plates are let down ready
for reading in with the comb drawn out. Figure 9, a side of the cam
which gives motion to the compound levers and catch acting upon the ratchet
wheel placed upon the arbour of the presser roller. Figure 10, a side of the
disc giving motion to the adjustable lever acting upon the index bar, and
a cross section of the rollers for receiving the ruled paper. Figure 11, a side
view of the aforesaid cam giving motion in another way to the rod levers,
catch, and spring, acting also upon the aforesaid ratchet wheel. Figure 12,
another side view of the aforesaid disc, which gives motion to the rod, spindle,
and lever acting upon the index bar. Figure 13, a vertical section of the
sliding part of one of the bell crank levers. Figure 14, a front view of the
front guide bar through which the points of the needles of the bell crank
levers work. Figure 15, a front view of the back guide bar through which the
back part of the aforesaid needles work. Figure 16, a side and top view of a
needle for another kind of bell crank levers. Figure 17, a side end view of the
top of one of the levers which move the aforesaid needle. Figure 18, a plan
representing one of the punches. Figure 19, a front view of the index bar,
with the pointers, and also of the rollers, which have on them a portion of the
ruled paper, with a part of the pattern on it, and also a view of parts of the
left-hand bracket and the ratchet wheel. Figure 20, a transverse section of

page_text: the rollers, and of one of the pointers and set screws. Figure 21, a section of
another method of placing the ruled paper on the rollers. Figure 22, a portion
of the ruled paper, with a part of a pattern.
On No. 2 Sheet of Drawings, Figure 1 represents a front view of the
repeater. Figure 2, a plan of the same. Figure 3, a plan of the strengthening
plate, and Figure 4, a front view of the same. Figure 5, a front view of the
stock plate. Figure 6, a plan thereof. Figure 7, a plan of the check plate,
and Figure 8, a front view of it. Figure 9, a plan of the centre plate, and
Figure 10, a front view thereof. Figure 11, a back view of the die plate,
and the provision for holding the different widths of the cards, and
Figure 12, a front view. Figure 13, a plan of the same. Figure 14, a
front view of the comb. Figure 15, plan of the comb. Figure 16, a plan
of the centre plate, full size, and Figure 17, a front view of the same, full size.
Figure 18, a front view of the method to retain the lacing punches in the
centre plate, and Figure 19, a side view of the same. In all these Figures A
represents the frame. B, the diagonal brace at the back of the frame. C, the
repeater box, with the wire needles each kept out, as shewn at Figures 1
and 2 (Sheet No. 2). D, a cross shaft having an eccentric cam at each end
beyond the bearings to move the die plate. E, in Figures 1 and 5, are liuks
for connecting the ends of the cross shaft, and the die plate, check plate, aud
cutting and numbering machines. F, a handle on the shaft D, which is turned
in the position shewn by the dotted lines on the same handle at G, where
there is a pin for depressing the rod H; and at the other end of the cross shaft
there is a small lever I, at Figure 5, for a similar purpose. K is a lever
moving on a fulcrum at L, on each side of the machine, for lowering and
raising the check plate by the vertical rods H and M, shewn in Figures 1
and 3, in No. 1 Sheet. N is a cross shaft working in bearings below the stock
plate, with an eccentric cam 0 on each end to support, raise, and lower the
stock plate, to which the centre plate is attached. P is a ratchet wheel fixed
on the shaft outside the right-hand cam by set screws, so as to be easily
adjustable. Qis a rod to force the ratchet wheel round by the outer end of
the lever R beingde pressed by the foot; S, the fulcrum of the foot lever; and T,
a weight to keep the back end down. U is a pall to keep the ratchet wheel in
its proper position. When turned a tooth by the foot, Q is kept up to the
ratchet wheel by a spring and roller V, and the catch pall U by a spring, both
being fixed to the side frame. W, a hand lever on a pivot at X to draw back
the lifting rod by means of the double links Y, the outer end of which
slides in a socket Z. The outer end of this handle is kept in its proper
position when drawn by a small spring catch. As the card or lash to

page_text: be punched will be of various widths, according to the extent of a pattern
that has to be read in, there are projecting hooks z, z, in the face of the
die plate on which the card or lash is to rest, which hooks are screwed up
and down in grooves, and are kept in their position by screws for any widths
of cards or lash that may be required. a is the perforated moveable die plate,
having projecting guide pins b, b, which enter similar guide holes in the
centre plate, so as to bring the perforations of both plates exactly opposite to
or in the same line for punching. The outer end of the aforesaid guide pins
serve to support the comb which is placed in front of the die plate, and is to
be pushed in and drawn out by the handles. c is the centre plate to receive
the punches, which is shewn at full size at Figs. 16 and 17. This plate is
fixed to the stock plate by screws, and with the perforating holes in both in
the same line, so that the punches may be easily pushed from one plate to the
other. As the lace holes d, d, in the card or lash will vary in respect of widths
according to the extent of pattern on hand, the holes and punches are changed
accordingly, for which purpose this centre plate will be taken from the stock
plate, the iron straps e, e, taken off, the punches inserted in the holes required,
and the straps are again replaced by means of the screws and nuts, which are
in the form of spiral springs. These lacing punches are always retained in
the centre plate, but will require to be pushed back about a quarter of an
inch, so as to release the card when punched; and for this purpose the comb is
furnished with a corresponding number of short teeth, so that whilst the
figure punches are forced back into the stock plate, the lacing punches will
only be pushed out of the card holes, and on the comb being withdrawn the
spiral springs will again bring them forward. All the punches have enlarged
parts to prevent them being drawn out when the card is taken off. f is the
stock plate to retain the required quantity of punches, and is kept apart from
the centre plate by distance pieces g, shown in Figs. 5 and 6 (Sheet No. 2),
giving room for the check plate. Figs. 7 and 8 shew the check plate which
prevents the punches from being forced back into the stock plate when
punching. The aforesaid stock plate is kept in its edgeways position by means
of two parallel grooves h, h, at right angles to its length on its front, so that
may rise with the strengthening plate in a perfectly vertical line by sliding up
and down on the projecting pieces i, i, fixed in the strengthening plate. This
strengthening plate, which prevents the stock plate from bending when the die
plate is forced up for punching, is firmly fixed to projections in the side frames,
and forms a front to the repeater c; 6 is the lever for removing the sliding
needles, and is shewn at Fig. 2 in elevation, and at Fig. 4 in plan, with the
finger keys at the ends, number from 1 to 50, working on fulcrums. The

page_text: sliding needles of the bell crank levers are denoted by m, and are supported in
the guide bars n, o, so as to be perfectly opposite to the holes in the strengthen-
ing plate and punches in the stock plates. The ruled paper having the
pattern drawn on it, which is to be read in and transferred by punching the
card or lash, or any suitable material, is rolled on the roller No. 4 in Fig. 12,
one end of which paper is brought round the presser roller No. 5 and fastened
to No. 6. No. 4 roller has a groove in the centre, extending its full length,
to receive and fasten the end of the ruled paper by means of a wedge.
No. 6 roller has also a similar groove and wedge to receive and fasten the
other end of the patterns. On the end of No. 5 roller is fixed a ratchet wheel
for giving a slow revolving motion to the roller and ruled paper, drawing it
from the roller No. 4; and by the weight of the upper roller No. 6 resting on
No. 5, it is slowly wound upon the upper roller. At Fig. 20 a different
description of roller is shewn. In this case also the ruled paper is rolled on
the roller 4×, the end is brought round 5×, and continued to the circum-
ference of the roller 6×, to which it is fastened. Each end of the roller 6×
is reduced to a less diameter than the plain part, and an elastic band 7× is
passed round the ends of the rollers 5X and 6×, so that when the roller 5 ×
is moved round by the ratchet wheel, these elastic bands cause the roller 6×
to move also. In consequence of the body of the roller being of a greater
diameter than the part in contact with the elastic bands, the circumferential
velocity of 6x will be greater than that of 5×, thereby keeping the paper
8x in continued tension; but as it cannot pass from 4x and 6x faster than
the circumference of 5× moves on account of the great friction which would
take place between the paper and the roller, a slight slipping will take place
between the ends of 5X and the elastic bands, by which means the paper
will always be kept close and tight to the rollers, and can only move at the
velocity required. To prevent the paper from coming off too freely from 4×,
I fix a friction clog at the ends of the roller to keep the paper 9 × also tight
and in tension. Fig. 21 shews another kind of rollers, on which the ruled
paper is placed as an endless band. In this case four rollers are shewn, but
two will suffice when the pattern is short and when there is room. At Fig. 9
there is an inclined cam, which at a certain point in its circumference touches
the projection of the rod and pushes it back; therefore the lever and the indent,
5 which are joined to the rod by a link, move also a tooth of the ratchet wheel,
and produce so much of a revolution of the rollers as the horizontal divisions
of the ruled paper may require. The vertical divisions of the ruled paper are
denoted to the eye of the operation by index pointers in front of the rollers, as
shewn at Fig. 3, and also at Figs. 19, and numbered from 1 to 50 to corre-

page_text: spond with the keys of the bell crank levers.
These index pointers are made
to slide freely on an iron bar, and to be fixed by set screws or by constant
pressure of a small spring at the required distances to correspond with
the squares vertically in the ruled paper that are to be read in and trans-
ferred to the card or lash or other materials. For the purpose of moving
these pointers horizontally there is an inclined disc at Figs. 10 fixed on the
cam shaft outside the left-hand cam. y is a lever, the upper end of which
is pushed off from the machine by the revolution of the disc. This
lever works on an adjustable fulcrum, having one end with a small roller
placed to the face of the disc and the other joined to the end of the index bar.
The amount of obliquity of the disc and the proportionate length of the lever
are such that the pointers shall be moved one division on the ruled paper for
every tooth of the ratchet wheel on the cam shaft. This index bar or gra-
duated scale is drawn towards the right hand of the machine by a spring or
weight which keeps the lever close to the disc, and prevents any shake or
uncertainty in the amount of motion.
The operation of reading in or producing perforated card or lash from
the design or ruled paper is as follows:-The handle F being back in
the position of the dotted lines, the die plate a will be pushed back
from the centre plate, the check plate will be let down, the stock plate
furnished with the punches, with the centre plate attached, will be let
down into its lowest position, as shewn by Fig. 8, and the pointers being
fixed on the index bar according to the divisions on the ruled paper neces-
sary to give the tie, the machine will then be in a prepared state to work.
The operator, being seated in front of the machine, looks to the ruled paper
and index at the left-hand end of the roller, and observes the number of the
pointer that stands opposite to the first square, having the color that he is
about to read in. For instance, suppose he is about to read in all the red
color of the design, and seeing that the first red square stands to No. 10 key
in the index, he will put his finger on No. 10 key of the levers, and by
depressing it will push No. 10 punch from the stock into the centre plate, and
continue depressing every key whose number corresponds with the number of
the pointers opposite to every square of red color on the same horizontal line
of the design which appears immediately above the tops of the pointers.
Having gone across the paper and finished the line, he next puts his foot on
the treddle R and depresses the end, which pushes the ratchet wheel round
one tooth, turns the cam into a corresponding position, the inclined excentric
of which lifts up the stock and centre plates equal to the distance between the
centres of the punch holes, when another row of punches will be brought into

page_text: a line with the needles of the bell-crank levers. This partial revolution of the
cam shaft will also have produced a new position to the inclined disc w,
Fig. 10, and consequently the lever working on the adjusting fulcrum will
have moved the pointers from the square last read in to the one immediately
adjoining it. He will then look for the pointers opposite the red squares,
and depress all the keys corresponding to that line, as before; having done
thus, the foot again raises the plates another hole and moves the index bar,
when the punches in another row of holes are pushed in, and so the work goes
on till the entire number of holes are read in. On all the punches required
being transferred from the stock into the centre plate, the foot is again applied
to the treadle to raise the stock and centre plates, so that the punches are
brought to the same line as the holes in the die plate; the cams will then be
brought to a vertical position, by which means the small cam will push the
compound levers with the catch, and the spring or weight bringing them back
will cause another tooth of the ratchet wheel to be turned. The operator
next puts a card on the hook z, z, of the die plate, then takes hold of the
small handle t, draws it down until the long handle F is within his reach,
which he takes hold of, and continues to press it down until it reaches its
lowest position. The shaft D will then have been turned through a half
circle, bringing the eccentric cams from the forward to the back position,
forcing the die plate and the card or lash against the punches which project
from the centre plate, and making all the perforations at the same instant;
or in order that the whole of the holes may not be cut at the same instant,
requiring a considerable amount of power, the eccentric cams of the shaft are
not in the same line, but one is in advance of the other from 2 to 5 degrees,
by which means the punches at the end will first enter the card, then pass
into the holes of the die plate in succession in this respect similar to what
would take place if hinged like a pair of shears. At the same time that the
handle F is turned over to pierce the card, the check plate is pushed up by
means of the vertical rods and levers; but in order that the check plate may
be stationary whilst the cards are being pierced the pin G in the small
handle and small lever I work or move up in slots in the rods H, the
check plate being forced fully up, whilst the handle passes through about
150 degrees, the pins completing the remaining 30 degrees, or thereabouts,
in the slots without acting on the check plate, which at that time will be
firmly fixed by the pressure of the punches. After the working handle F has
been brought down upon the stop pin G, it is immediately turned back again.
The comb is then pushed into the die and centre plates, forcing back the
punches into the stock plate. The perforated card will then be on the teeth

page_text: of the comb, which, on its being drawn back, the card or lash will fall down.
The operator next depresses the handle W, disengaging the rod and catch
from the large ratchet; the weight of the stock and centre plates will
then cause the cams to turn back until the plates reach their lowest position,
when the small inclined cam acting on the levers and catch turn the ratchet
wheel a tooth, thereby presenting another horizontal line in succession to read
in of the ruled paper to the index bar. The disc will at the same time have
turned to its original position, causing the index bar, with the pointers, to go
back in the bearings of the side brackets.
For repeating or reproducing cards from the originals the operation is as
follows: A chain or string of cards or paper, laced or tied together, is put over
the rollers 1 and 2 at the upper end of the machine. Every card in succession
is placed against the back of the strengthening plate on studs or guide pins.
The hand then depresses the lever 3, in Figs. 4 and 5, which, being fixed to
the spindle 4, causes it to act on the levers 5 and 6, and which, being con-
nected with the links 7, draws the repeater box C forward, the long needle
points entering the holes of the original cards wherever they happen to be, and,
passing through the strengthening plate, pushes the punches from the stock into
the centre plate, whilst such needles as come against a blank part of the card
are forced back into the box, each against its respective spring. The repeater
box, sliding freely and accurately on the guide bars 8, is then drawn back by
lifting the handle; a plain card is then placed on the hooks of the die plate;
the handle F is brought down, the card punched, the handle turned back
again, the comb pushed in, the card taken off, another original card put on
the guide pins, and the repeater again brought forward; and the operator
may thus continue to produce consecutive numbers on the cards. A machine,
such as is in daily use, whether patent or otherwise, for numbering labels or
paging books, is mounted on the right-hand frame of the machine, as shewn
by itself at Fig. 7, where 9 represents a horizontal frame fastened to the side
frame bearing the numbering machine. 10 represents a card to be num-
bered, and 11 the arm or lever of the machine worked by the rod before
mentioned. For cutting the cards to the required widths, I make the frames
to run up to receive the apparatus shown in elevation at Fig. 6. To cut the
cards from the pasteboard the apparatus and operation are as follows:-
12 is a wooden shelf put between the frames, but with means of adjustment
for different widths. 13 is a steel shears fixed on a pivot at 14, the other end
being supported on and to slide in a fixed bracket 15. Fixed between the
I frames is the stationary part of the shears 16, with a cutting edge endways,
and close above the moveable part. 17 and 18, dotted lines, shew the shears

page_text: open to receive the card for cutting. On the cross shaft D there is a lever 19
fixed for working the lever 20, which works the shears 21 and 22.
Having now fully described the nature and particulars of my said Invention,
and the manner of carrying the same into practical effect, I wish it to be
5 distinctly understood that I do not confine myself to the exact details herein
described, as the same may be varied or modified without departing from my
principle; but what I claim as new and my Invention, is,―
Firstly, the peculiar arrangements of machinery or apparatus herein
described for presenting regularly and successively each horizontal line of the
ruled paper to be read in, and for actuating the index bar with the pointers
to traverse in a horizontal line, in order to indicate the required vertical
squares to be read in from the pattern, thus determining the exact position
of the holes which are to be perforated on any suitable material for the
"Tie."
Secondly, the mode of raising and lowering the stock and centre plates, of
attaching them to each other, of retaining the lace punches in the centre
plate, of giving support to the different widths of cards in front of the die plate,
and of keeping the perforations of the stock and centre plates in a parallel
position to the needles of the bell crank levers and spiral wires of the repeater,
according as the operation may require.
Thirdly, the construction and employment of bell crank levers, as herein
described, which have the property of gravitating themselves, and which have
also a parallel motion in respect of the upper part of them.
Fourthly, the arrangement for dispensing with the necessity of removing
the centre plates with the selected punches, to be perforated by a press when
either reading or repeating, and also for perforating the card or paper with the
selected punches at the same instant.
Fifthly, the arrangement for placing the front guide bar of the needles of
the bell crank levers to admit the laced cards to pass when repeating.
Sixthly, the employment of a strengthening plate to form a front to the
repeater, and a resistance to the pressure on the stock plate when the perfo-
rations take place.
Seventhly, the construction of the die plate and the mode of working
and connecting the projecting ends of it to the eccentric cams fixed on the
ends of the shaft, and of working the comb in the hollow cavity of the die
plate.
Eighthly, the employment of a check plate, and the mode of using and
working it, as herein described.

page_text: Ninthly, the construction and employment of the index bar adopted to all
patterns. And,
Tenthly, the general arrangement and construction of the machine or
apparatus, as herein described, for the purposes herein named and set forth.
In witness whereof, I, the said Duncan Mackenzie, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, the Twenty-eighth day of December, One thousand
eight hundred and fifty-two.