IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR WEAVING OF VELVET OR PILE FABRICS MADE ENTIRELY OR PARTIALLY OF SILK, AND IN LOOMS USED FOR THAT PURPOSE
Year: 1861

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to James Bishop, of No. 1º, Gloucester Street, Camden
Town, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR WEAVING OF VELVET OR PILE
FABRICS MADE ENTIRELY OR PARTIALLY OF SILK, AND IN LOOMS USED FOR THAT
PURPOSE."
Sealed the 21st February 1862, and dated the 30th August 1861.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said James Bishop at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 30th
August 1861.
I, JAMES BISHOP, of No. 1, Gloucester Street, Camden Town, in the
County of Middlesex, Gentleman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OR WEAVING OF VELVET OR
PILE FABRICS MADE ENTIRELY OR PARTIALLY OF SILE, & IN LOOMS USED FOR THAT
PURPOSE," to be as follows:-
Instead of having in the loom one beam or roller for the top warp and two
shafts rising two top shafts at the same time, and one bottom warp and four
shafts alternately rising and falling two bottom warp shafts at the same time,
and three shutes or lines between every wire, I employ several beams or rollers
for the said top warp, and several top warps containing, however, no more
material than the one top warp on the old plan, the material being divided out
to each beam or roller. I employ also two shafts rising one shaft at a time,

page_text: also one bottom warp and two shafts containing no more than half the quantity
of material on the old plan of rising and falling alternately, and one bottom
warp shaft with one top warp shaft. I employ also two shutes or lines between
every wire. By theso arrangements I am enabled to save both labour and
material, and to use dressed glazed cotton for the "back," which back also may
ho introduced for velvets even when not woven in manner above described
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
-
by the said James Bishop in the Great Seal Patent Office on tho
28th February 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, JAMES
BISHOP, of No. 1, Gloucester Street, Caniden Town, in the County of Middle-
sex, Gentleman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, in the twenty-fifth year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said James Bishop,. Her special licence that 1, the said James Bishop,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said
James Bishop, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should nt any
time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter
during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use,
exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ircland,
the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN THE MANUFACTURE OR WEAVING OF VELVET OR PILE FABRICS MADE ENTIRELY OR
PARTIALLY OF SILK, AND IN LOOMS USED FOR THAT PURPOSE," upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said James Bishop, my executors or administra-
tors, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands
and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and causo tho
saiño to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
•
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said James Bishop, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the samo is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained. in and by the
following statement :-
The nature of the said Invention, as bath been heretofore intimated in and

page_text: velvet looms are, and the cotton back may be applied instead of any other
back.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the naturo of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I would hero
remark, that although I have in the Drawings accompanying this Specification
shewn only two beams or rollers for the top warp, and one beam or roller for
the bottom warp, and the necessary adjuncts, yet that I can use, when found
expedient, more than two top beams or rollers and adjuncts, what I claim
being the use of several beams or rollers and adjuncts for the top warp and
several warps (which need not, howover, contain more material than the one
top warp on the old plan, the material being divided out to each beam or
roller).
I claim also in combination with the above ono bottom beam or roller and
warp (which need not, however, contain more than half the quantity of material
in the old plan), and two shutes or lines between every wire.
And further, I claim the use of "dressed glazed" cotton thread for the
"back," which back also may be introduced for velvets, even when not woven
in manner above described.
In witness whereof, I, the said James Bishop, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this Twenty-eighth day of February, in tho year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
Witness to the signature of said
James Bishop,
B. WALKER,
JAMES BISHOP. (L.B.)
Clk. to Gen'. Patent Co. Lim".,
71, Fleet S'.