IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER AND APPARATUS THEREFOR
Year: 1869

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Henry Hall, of Burton-on-Trent, in the County
of Stafford, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE
POWER AND APPARATUS THEREFOR."
Sealed the 20th August 1869, and dated the 26th April 1869.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION .left by the said Henry Hall at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
26th April 1869.
I, HENRY HALL, of Burton-on-Trent, in the County of Stafford,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN OBTAINING MOTIVE POWER AND APPARATUS THEREFOR," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the employment of rollers carrying some
flexible material, one of which being caused to revolve presses against
another and imparts rotary motion thereto, and so on for as many
wheels or rollers as are required to be driven. The rollers are made by
preference with flanges so that the flexible material may be effectually
retained on the surface, but they are also made without flanges. The

page_text: material I prefer to employ is vulcanized india-rubber, but other
materials may be used, such as gutta percha, leather, kamptulicon, or
other material of a flexible nature; the Invention essentially consisting in
the employment of rollers carrying some flexible material, by preference
vulcanized india-rubber, the said rollers being caused to press against
each other, and so by the biting or clipping action to, communicate
rotary motion thereto. By my Invention I am enabled to dispense.
with the use of ordinary toothed or bevil wheels, and pulleys, and straps.
Sometimes I connect the pulleys by connecting rods, the said rods.
being formed either of tubular metal or of rods of iron and wood spliced
together, the latter arrangement being particularly applicable where
lightness is required, or the ordinary connecting rods may be used..
The flexible material is made either in one piece and slipped on to the.
surface and secured thereto by rivets or not as required, or it may be made.
in several pieces and secured to the surface by adhesive compositions,,
rivets, or otherwise.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Henry Hall in the Great Seal Patent Office on.
the 6th October 1869.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, HENRY
HALL, of Burton-on-Trent, in the County of Stafford, send greeting..
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Twenty-sixth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, in the thirty-second
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto me, the said Henry Hall, Her special licence that I, the
said Henry Hall, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such
others as I, the said Henry Hall, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to
time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,.
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING MOTIVE
POWER AND APPARATUS THEREFOR." upon the condition (amongst others) that
I, the said Henry Hall, my executors or administrators, by an instru-

page_text: ment in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within
six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Henry Hall, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement, reference being had to the accompanying Drawings,
and to the letters of reference marked thereon, that is to say:-
My Invention consists in the employment of rollers comprising
wheels, drums, or cylinders carrying some flexible material, one of which
being caused to revolve presses against another and imparts rotary
motion thereto, and so on for as many wheels or rollers as are required
to be driven. The rollers are made by preference with flanges so that
the flexible material may be effectually retained on the surface or
surfaces, but they are also made without flanges. The material I prefer
to employ is vulcanized india-rubber, but other materials may be used,
such as gutta percha, leather, or other material of a flexible nature;
the Invention essentially consisting in the employment of wheels,
drums, cylinders, or rollers carrying some flexible material, by pre-
ference vulcanized india-rubber, the said wheels, drums, cylinders, or
rollers being caused to press against each other, and so by the biting
or clipping action to communicate rotary motion thereto.
By my
Invention I am enabled in most cases to dispense with the use of
ordinary toothed or bevil wheels, and pulleys, and straps, whereby great
saving of power is obtained. Sometimes I connect the pulleys by con-
necting rods, the said rods being formed either of tubular metal or of rods
of iron and wood spliced together, the latter arrangement being par-
ticularly applicable where lightness is required, or the ordinary connecting
rods may be used. The flexible materials are made either in one piece
and slipped on to the surface and secured thereto by rivets or not as
required, or it may be made in several pieces and secured to the surface
by adhesive compositions, rivets, or otherwise.
The accompanying Drawings illustrate the manner in which my

page_text: Figure 1 is a view in plan of an arrangement of wheels fitted according
to my Invention in order to show how wheels when made as before
described may be applied to obtain power.
a is a crank receiving motion through the connecting rod 6 from any
prime mover; c is the crank shaft carrying a wheel d, the surface of
which is provided with an india-rubber facing and fitted or made with
flanges to retain the same in position; e is another wheel carrying india-
rubber facing and made similar to the wheel d, the two surfaces being
brought close together and biting or clipping one another; thus as
motion is communicated to a crank a the wheel drevolves, and the
india-rubber facing thereon biting or clipping that on the wheel e the
latter is also caused to rotate, and consequently the shaft f,f, to which
it is keyed, whereby motion may be transmitted to other wheels, drums,
cylinders, or rollers, in any required manner, and, for example, as shown
in the Drawings, where one end of the shaft f, f, carries the wheel g, g,
which is also provided with an india-rubber surface against which the
wheels and i, similarly provided, are free to act. The wheel his
mounted on a shaft k carrying at its other end a wheel 7 which presses
against, as before described, a wheel m. The opposite end of the shaft f
carries a wheel n, n, fitted with india-rubber facing, against the surface
of which two wheels o and p press, and are thus caused to rotate.
q, q, are screws for adjusting or regulating the pressure of the surfaces,
so that a great gripping power may in some cases be obtained, and in
others a less power, as may be required, or to bring the surfaces closer
together as the materials of which they are composed become worn. For
the sake of brevity I have named india-rubber as the material used for
forming the surfaces or facings of the wheels, but as before stated in my
Provisional Specification other flexible material may be used. Figure 2
is a side elevation of the wheels d and e taken at the line A, B.
Figure 3 shows another arrangement of applying my Invention for
obtaining power and also speed. r, r, are the india-rubber facings or
surfaces to the wheels; motion in this case is given by a crank s, the
arrows indicating the direction in which the several wheels revolve.
Figure 4 shows another arrangement where the india-rubber facings
or surfaces are applied internally by sunk disc as well as externally.
The arrows indicate the direction in which the several wheels are caused
to revolve.

page_text: Figures 5, 6, and 7 show my Invention applied to clutches, Figure 5
showing a clutch, one surface of which is concave, the other convex;
Figure 6 shows a clutch the surfaces of which are conical; and Figure 7
shows a clutch the surfaces of which are flat. The surfaces are faced
with india-rubber, gutta percha, or other flexible material, and when
brought together the surfaces grip one another, as before described, and
the two parts revolve as one. Clutches of other shapes may be employed,
but I have shown sufficient to illustrate my Invention as applied thereto.
The materials of which the surfaces are composed may be plain surfaces,
or they may be corrugated to afford a greater grip or hold if desired.
And having now described the nature of my said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I do not limit
myself to the particular arrangement or form of wheels, drums, cylinders,
or rollers before described, as the same are shown only to illustrate how
my Invention may be applied; but I claim as my "Improvements in
Obtaining Motive Power and Apparatus therefor, "-
First. The employment of rollers, wheels, drums, or cylinders, the
periphery's of which carry flexible material, one of which being caused
to revolve presses against another and imparts rotary motion thereto,
and so on for as many wheels or rollers as may be required to be driven,
with or without the interposition or employment of cranks, connecting
rods, or wheels, all substantially as herein-before described and illustrated
in the accompanying Drawings.
Second. The construction of rollers, wheels, drums, or cylinders with
flanges to receive and hold the flexible material, substantially in manner
and for the purposes described.
Third. The construction, employment, and method of action of
clutches, substantially as herein-before described and illustrated in the
accompanying Drawings.
In witness whereof, I, the said Henry Hall, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this 17nth day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine.