AN IMPROVED METHOD OR PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE DISTILLATION OF GLYCERINE
Year: 1882

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Payne, of Millwall, in the County of Middlesex,
Chemical Manufacturer, for an Invention of "AN IMPROVED METHOD OR
PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE DISTILLATION OF GLYCERINE."
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Payne at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents on the 14th January 1882.
GEORGE PAYNE of Millwall in the County of Middlesex, Chemical Manufacturer.
"AN IMPROVED METHOD OR PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE DISTILLATION OF
GLYCERINE."
My Invention relates to the distillation of glycerine and is designed to afford the
means for effecting the same in a more expeditious and economical manner than
has heretofore been practicable.
Hitherto in the distillation of glycerine great loss has been incurred by reason
of the dilution of the glycerine with water resulting from the condensation of the
steam or aqueous vapour which passes over with the glycerine from the still..
But I prevent this loss by the following means that is to say I provide in com-
bination with the ordinary still a separate vessel in which the glycerine and aqueous
vapour are received from the still and which is so constructed as to permit the
maintenance therein of such a temperature as will cause the condensation of the
glycerine while preventing the condensation of the steam or aqueous vapor.
I prefer that this vessel should be of a cylindrical form and provided with tubes
into which the glycerine and steam enter from the still, while superheated steam
circulates in the said vessel around those tubes. The pure anhydrous glycerine is
collected in the usual manner in a suitable receptacle below the said tubes.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said George Payne in the Great Seal Patent Office on the 14th July
1882.
GEORGE PAYNE, of Millwall, in the County of Middlesex, Chemical Manu-
facturer. "AN IMPROVED METHOD OR PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR
DISTILLATION OF GLYCERINE."
THE
My Invention relates to the distillation of glycerine and is designed to afford
the means for effecting the same in a more expeditious and economical manner
than has heretofore been practicable.
Hitherto, in the distillation of glycerine, great loss has been incurred by reason
of the dilution of the glycerine with water resulting from the condensation of the
steam or aqueous vapour which passes over with the glycerine from the still.
But I prevent this loss by the following means, that is to say, I provide, in
combination with the ordinary still, a separate vessel into which the glycerine and
steam or aqueous vapour are received from the still, and which is so constructed as
to permit the maintenance therein of such a temperature (say from 300° to 400°
Fahrenheit) as will cause the condensation of the glycerine while preventing the
condensation of the steam or aqueous vapour. This vessel may be of a cylindrical
or other form, and is provided with tubes into which the glycerine and steam enter
from the still, while superheated steam circulates in the said vessel around these
tubes;
but in some cases I employ two or more vessels suitably connected, through
which the glycerine and steam or aqueous vapour are successively passed.
In the accompanying Drawing,
Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a condensing vessel, one or more of
which may be employed in combination with the ordinary still according to my
said Invention.
Figure 2 represents a plan of the same with the top cover removed, and :-
Figure 3 represents a section on the line x x Figure 1.
The vessel represented in the Drawing consists of an upright box or casing a of
suitable material having its upper and lower ends closed, so that the covers form
chambers b, c, which are not in communication with the interior of the box or
casing a, but communicate with each other by means of the tube d fixed in the
ends of the said box or casing; the tube e is fixed in the lower end of the casing
and passes out near the upper end thereof. The glycerine and steam or aqueous
vapour from the still enter the chamber 6 by the pipe f and pass through the
The
tube d (in which a portion of the glycerine is condensed) into the chamber c.
pure anhydrous glycerine falls to the bottom of this chamber and is conducted
therefrom by the pipe g through a cooling coil in the vessel h and into any suitable
receptacle. A further proportion of glycerine is condensed within the tube e and
is conducted away in a similar manner. The steam or aqueous vapour and the
remaining portion of glycerine pass from the said tube e through one or more
vessels of similar. construction, in which the remaining portion of the glycerine is
condensed. When the whole of the glycerine is condensed (which under some
conditions may be effected in one vessel) the steam or aqueous vapour is allowed
to escape into the atmosphere from the tube e of the last or end vessel of the series.
I admit superheated steam by the pipes i at or near the bottom of the box or
casing a and permit its exit at or near the top thereof through the outlets k, so
that it circulates about the exterior surfaces of the tubes d, e, and maintains the
temperature therein at such a degree that the glycerine within the said tubes is
condensed, while the condensation of the steam or aqueous vapour is prevented as
above specified.

page_text: When two or more vessels are employed, the temperature in each successive
vessel may be lower than that in the preceding one, so as to ensure the con-
densation of all the glycerine, but the temperature in the last vessel of the series
should always be sufficiently high to prevent the condensation of the steam or
aqueous vapour therein.
Having thus fully described my said Invention and the manner of performing
the same I wish it understood that I claim :-
First. The improved method or process consisting in subjecting the glycerine
and steam or aqueous vapour to a temperature which causes the condensation of
the one while preventing that of the other, for the purpose specified.
Second. The combination, with the still, of the vessel or series of vessels con-
structed substantially as described and shewn in the Drawing, for separating the
glycerine from the aqueous vapour in the manner above set forth.
In witness. whereof I the said George Payne have hereunto set my hand
and seal this 11th day of July in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and eighty two.
GEO. PAYNE. (L.S.)