IMPROVEMENTS IN OZONE MACHINES, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF Ozone
Year: 1876

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to John Clayton Mewburn, of 169, Fleet Street, in the
City of London, Patent Agent and Consulting Engineer, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN OZONE MACHINES, AND IN THE MANUFACTURE OF Ozone.”
A communication from abroad by Hannah Milsom, of Buffalo, New York,
in the United States of America.
Sealed the 1st June 1877, and dated the 15th December 1876.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said John Clayton Mewburn at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents on the 15th December 1876.
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN, of 169, Fleet Street in the City of London, Patent
Agent and Consulting Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OZONE MACHINES, AND IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF OZONE."
The object of this Invention is to provide a simple and cheap machine for the
generation, purification, and emission of ozone, and it has special reference to the
construction, arrangement, and the material employed in the several parts of the
machine.
The Invention also includes the purifying of the ozone without the use of
chemicals or water, by its passage through porous or other earthenware or graphite
walls of the machine, all as herein-after explained.
The machine is constructed with a central vertical tube, or open pipe, extending
the entire length of the machine, and made of porous material, such as earthenware,
of which flower pots and similar articles are made, and unglazed, except the lower
part, which stands in water. This tube acts as an ozone and air flue and purifier.
It rests on the bottom of a dish or base, and fits over a projecting tube formed in
the middle of the bottom of the said dish for the free admission of air into the
central tube. Around the lower end of the central tube is formed a rim on which
the phosphorus is placed; or small tubes, or other receptacles, may be cast on the
central tube, and into which the phosphorus will be put.
The base dish is made of any glazed or other ware, and has upright sides forming
a sort of bowl with feet on the bottom to raise it from the floor or other place, so
that an unimpeded draft may be had through the open bottom. The upper rim of
the dish is grooved, or has a flange, so that a close joint can be made with the walls

page_text: of the ozone generating chamber, which is placed above it, and which is constructed
also of porous earthen or other ware or graphite, and has mica or glass windows
in the sides so that the interior of the machine may at all times be visible, and the
combustion of the phosphorus noticed and controlled, as herein-after more parti-
cularly stated.
The walls being porous is also an additional advantage in purifying the ozone,
which may pass through them and the central tube. This ozone purifying chamber is
rounded over at the top with an opening therein sufficient to enclose the top of the
central tube,
A removable dome or cap made high enough to give an upright play to the
central tube (which is raised or lowered by a cord, wire, or other suitable device to
expose or diminish the height of the phosphorus) may be placed on the top of the
ozone chamber if desired.
The phosphorus sticks are below the water level in the base dish when the
machine is not in use or operation, as the raising or lowering of the central tube of
course raises or lowers the phosphorus with it; and by this means the height, and
consequently the combustion, is controlled so as not to burn too fast or too slow.
The windows are for the purpose of noting this from the outside, as before
stated.
The foregoing describes the general construction and arrangement of the machine
and its parts, but particular stress is laid on the material out of which it is made,
viz., porous carthenware, or its equivalent, as this permits an inward flow of air
and an outward flow of ozone through its pores, which purifies itself as it thus passes
through this earthenware, no trace of acid being found outside, and by all well-
known tests pure ozono is produced, the acid dropping down inside into the water
in the base dish, where it is drawn off, and fresh water supplied when necessary.
The operation is as follows:-The central pipe is raised sufficiently to expose the
phosphorus above the water level when the action commences, the fumes rising in a
cloud-like vapor into the ozone separating chamber, where it mingles with the air
constantly coming theroin through the walls until the separation is completed, the
acid and other deleterious substances dropping into the water below, and the ozone
passing through the walls of the central tube or outer walls of the chamber, and
out at the bottom or top of the said tube according to the draft; air and ozone are
therefore constantly passing through it when the machine is in operation.
The making of these porous walls of this or similar ware, or of graphite, aids
greatly in freeing the ozone from the acids, all tests shewing this to be the case, and
no other purifying material is employed in this machine, neither alkalies nor
chemicals of any sort, nor cloths.
A suitable packing will be used around the junction of the central tube and
chamber, also where the base dish and chamber join, if necessary.
By this machine the expense of an ozone generator is greatly reduced; a safer,
better, and simpler machine is supplied, and a better quality of ozone is made.
I do not include under the word "porous" cloth, wood, wirework, and such
substances, but confine the meaning of the word, so far as this Invention is
concerned, to earthenware or other glazed or unglazed ware, pottery, or graphite.
The form of the machine is not important, so long as it possesses the necessary
parts.
By this construction the ozone generated has several exits, viz., all around
through the walls of the chamber, and through the central tube at either top or
bottom according to the draft, as before stated.
In a large machine several tubes or pipes may be employed with corresponding
openings in the bottom of the base dish and phosphorus holders attached
thereto.
For ordinary machines one central pipe will be sufficient; other porous pipes
opening into the air may be used in the ozone chamber.
For small machines for domestic use the base dish and ozone chamber walls
are by preference made of metal having a non-corrosive surface, like porcelain ;

page_text: this renders the machine less liable to breakage or damage. They will have sub-
stantially the same construction otherwise, and the central porous tube can then
do all the work of purifying which, it is thought, will be sufficient for a small
machine.
The construction or parts, the material employed, and the fact of purifying ozone
without the aid of chemicals of any sort, cloths, or water (except that used in the
base dish) are important features of this Invention.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent filed by
the said John Clayton Mewburn in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
14th June 1877.
JOHN CLAYTON MEWBURN, of 169, Fleet Street, in the City of London, Patent,
Agent and Consulting Engineer. "IMPROVEMENTS IN OZONE MACHINES, AND IN
THE MANUFACTURE OF OZONE." A communication from abroad by Hannah
Milsom, of Buffalo, New York, in the United States of America.
The object of this Invention is to provide a simple and cheap machine for the
generation, purification, and emission of ozone; and it has special reference to the
construction, arrangement, and the material employed in the several parts of the
machine.
The Invention also includes the purifying of the ozone without the use of
chemicals or water by its passage through porous or other earthenware, or graphite
walls of the machine, all as herein-after explained.
The annexed Drawing represents a vertical section of the improved machine.
A is a contral vertical tube, or open pipe, extending the entire length of the
machine, and made of porous material, such as carthenware, of which flower pots
and similar articles are made, and unglazed, except the lower part, which stands in
water; this tube acts as an ozone and air flue and purifier. It rests on the bottom
of a dish or base B, and fits over a projecting tube a, a, formed in the middle of
the bottom of the said dish for the free admission of air into the central tube A.
Around the lower end of the central tube A is formed a rim b, on which the phos-
phorus g is placed; or small tubes, or other receptacles, may be cast on the central
tube A, and into which the phosphorus will be put.
The base dish B is made of any glazed or other waro, and has upright sides c,
forming a sort of bowl with feet c, d, on the bottom to raise it from the floor or
other place, so that an unimpeded draft may be had through the open bottom a².
The upper rim of the dish B is grooved, or has a flange e, so that a close joint can
be made with the walls of the ozone generating chamber C, which is placed above
it, and which is constructed also of porous earthen or other ware, or graphite, and
lias mica or glass windows f. f. in the sides, so that the interior of the machine may
at all times be visible, and the combustion of the phosphorus noticed and controlled,
as herein-after more particularly stated.
The walls being porous is also an additional advantage in purifying the ozone.
which may pass through them and the central tube A. This ozone purifying chamber
C is rounded over at the top with an opening therein sufficient to enclose the top
of the central tube A.
A removable clome or cap, such as that indicated at D, made high enough to give
an upright play to the tube A (which is raised or lowered by a cord or wire m, or
other suitable device, to expose or diminish the height of the phosphorus g) may
be placed on the top of the ozone chamber if desired.
In the Drawing the phosphorus sticks are shewn below the water level h, which
is their position when the machine is not in use or operation, as the raising or
lowering of the central tube of course raises or lowers the phosphorus with it; and
by this means the height, and consequently the combustion is controlled, so as not

page_text: to burn too fast or too slow. The windows f, f, are for the purpose of noting this
from the outside, as before stated.
The foregoing describes the general construction and arrangement of the machine
and its parts, but particular stress is laid on the material of which it is made,
viz., porous earthenware, or its equivalent, as this permits an inward flow of air
and an outward flow of ozone through its pores, which purifies itself as it thus
passes through this earthenware, no trace of acid being found outside, and by all
well-known tests pure ozone is produced, the acid dropping down inside into
the water in the base dish B, where it is drawn off, and fresh water supplied when
necessary.
The operation is as follows:-The central pipe A is raised sufficiently to expose
the phosphorus above the water level h when the action commences, the fumes
rising in a cloud-like vapor into the ozone separating chamber C, where it mingles
with the air constantly coming theroin through the walls until the separation is
completed, the acid and other deleterious substances dropping into the water below,
and the ozone passing through the walls of the central tube A or outer walls of the
chamber C, and out at the bottom a¹ or top of the said tube, according to the
draft; air and ozone are therefore constantly passing through it when the machine
is in operation.
The making of these porous walls of this or similar ware, or of graphite, aids
greatly in freeing the ozone from the acids, all tests showing this to be the case, and
no other purifying material is employed in this machine, neither alkalies, nor
chemicals of any sort, nor cloths.
A suitable packing will be used around the junction of the tube A and chamber C,
also where the base dish B and chamber C join if necessary.
By this machine the expense of an ozono generator is greatly reduced; a safer,
better, and simpler machine is supplied, and a better quality of ozone is made.
I do not include under the word "porous" cloth, wood, wirework, and such sub-
stances, but confine the meaning of the word, so far as this Invention is concerned,
to earthenware or other glazed or unglazed ware, pottery, or graphite.
The form of the machine is not important, so long as it possesses the necessary
parts.
By this construction the ozone generated has several exits, viz., all around
through the walls of the chamber, and through the tube A at either top or bottom
according to the draft, as before stated.
In a large machine several tubes or pipes A may be employed with corre-
sponding openings in the bottom of the base dish B, and phosphorus holders attached
thereto.
For ordinary machines one central pipe, as shewn, will be sufficient; other porous
pipes opening into the air, such as are represented at E, E, may be used in the ozone
chamber C.
For small machines for domestic use the base dish B and ozone chamber walls C
are by preference made of metal having a non-corrosive surface, like porcelain;
this makes the machine less liable to breakage or damage. They will have sub-
stantially the same construction otherwise, and the contral porous tube A can then
do all the work of purifying, which, it is thought, will be sufficient for a small
machine.
The construction or parts, the material employed, and the fact of purifying ozone
without the aid of chemicals of any sort, cloths, or water (except that used in the
base dish) are the important features of this Invention.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim,-
First. The ozone machine constructed with the base dish B having the tube
opening or opening a, a, therein, the tube or tube A with phosphorus holder b
thereon, or other tubes, the separating ozone chamber C, and with or without a
cap D, substantially as herein-before described and represented in the annexed
Drawings.

page_text: Second. Constructing or forming any of the parts of an ozone machine of glazed
or unglazed porous carthenware or other porous pottery, or graphite, so that a free
ingress of air and egress of ozone may be had through the same, substantially as
and for the purpose herein-before described and represented in the annexed
Drawings.
Third. The process or mode of making ozone, which consists in passing the
ozonized fumes evolved (by partly submerging the phosphorus in water) through
the unglazed or porous earthenware walls of the enclosing chamber, whereby the
ingress of air by diffusion and the separation of the acid fumes is effected, substan-
tially as herein-before described.
In witness whereof, I, the said John Clayton Mewburn, have hereunto set
iny hand and seal, this Fourteenth day of June, One thousand eight hundred
and seventy-seven.
J. C. MEWBURN. (L.S.)