Improvements in Incandescent Gas Lighting Apparatus
Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application (in United Kingdom), 20th Jan., 1096
Complete Specification Left, 25th Nov., 1898-Accepted, 7th Jan., 1899
Improvements in Incandescent Gas Lighting Apparatus,
I, PAUL GREYSON DE SCHODT, of 144, Boulevard du Nord, Brussels, in the
Kingdom of Belgium, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:
1
I have set forth in my Specification No. 1252 dated the 16th January 1897
an improved system of incandescent lighting and heating comprising the em-
ployment of a mixing chamber wherein is produced an air current, passing in
the same direction, as the gas current discharged from the injector. This
arrangement which is capable of producing its effects, when the air current
enters at or near the gas injector, also has a useful effect, if the current is pro-
duced around the column of a mixture, already formed, on condition, of course,
that a fresh mixing process is to take place prior to the moment of combustion.
I have, further stated in my said specification that this mixture must leave
the burner with a vis viva which is still, comparatively speaking, rather
intense. Any diminution of the resistance at the point of leaving this burner
will thus constitute an advantage, tending toward the solution of the problem
of creating high temperatures. These are the considerations which have led
me to alter certain parts of the burner.
The mixing-chamber described in my former specification is surrounded by
another similar chamber. The column of the mixed product enters this second
chamber through a widened injection-cone and leaves the same, in order to
enter a combined convergent and divergent cone and thence to enter the burner.
The burner is surmounted by a wide-meshed wire gauze cap stamped or bulged
so as to form a spherical segment, and carries a lamp-gallery, adapted to sup-
port a chimney.
This gallery is completely closed at the lower part, excepting for a few holes,
which are surmounted by two wire gauzes.
The gas issuing from the injector and passing into the lower mixing cham-
ber, carries along with it a certain quantity of air. The product, well mixed
owing to the parabolic surface of the upper part of the said chamber, subse-
quently enters through the upper injector into the upper mixing chamber which
is under the influence of the sucking action or draught of the chimney.
In point of fact, as the gallery only allows a very small quantity of air to pass,
and this with a resistance which is double that offered by the wire gauze cap,

page_text: owing to the two wire gauzes over the holes in the said gallery, the result is
that the suction produced by the products of the combustion escaping from
the chimney is more easy and regular within the burner than below the gallery
and consequently in the upper mixing chamber.
The mixture, issuing therefrom is thus sucked up, while at the same time a
fresh quantity of air is drawn in, which enters the upper chamber through the
openings provided therein, this fresh additional air being forced into the
product by the effect of the parabolic surface at the upper part of the chamber.
The product, thus thoroughly mixed, is then drawn through the combined
convergent and divergent cone, and enters the burner, whence it is discharged
through the wire gauze cap. The stamped or bulged shape of this cap if
the space occupied by the wires forming the gauze be deducted-gives an outlet-
surface, which is equal to the section of the burner, so that the counter-pres-
sures, so noxious in burners employed at the present time, are avoided.
The effect of this stamped or bulged wire gauze, combined with the double
chamber is, however, so considerable that with a very slight pressure, such as
is met with at many points of the gas conduits, the sucking action or draught
of the chimney may be dispensed with.
In the case of a lantern, the chimney may be substituted by the following
device:―
A horizontal glass-plate, pierced with two holes each surmounted by two
wire gauzes, separates the lantern into two parts.
The upper part thus forms a separate chamber, communicating with the
chimney, and being under a consequent depression. The result is that a draught
is set up which produces a more perfect oxygenation of the mixture for-the
subsequent combustion.
Dated this 26th day of Ianuary 1898
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,.
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,.
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in Incandescent Gas Lighting Apparatus.
I, PAUL GREYSON DE SCHODT, of 144, Boulevard du Nord, Brussels, in the
Kingdom of Belgium, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:
I have set forth in my Specification No. 1252 dated the 16th January 1897
an improved system of incandescent lighting and heating comprising the em-
ployment of a mixing chamber wherein is produced an air current passing in
the same direction as the gas current discharged from the injector. This
arrangement which is capable of producing its effects when the air current
enters at or near the gas injector, also has a useful effect, if the air current is pro-
duced around the column of a mixture already formed, on condition, of course,
that a fresh mixing process is to take place prior to the moment of combustion.
I have further stated in my said specification that this mixture leaves
the burner with a vis viva which is still, comparatively speaking, rather
intense. Any diminution of the resistance at the point of leaving the burner
will thus constitute an advantage, tending toward the solution of the problem
of creating high temperatures. These are the considerations which have led
me to alter certain parts of the burner.

page_text: According to my present invention the mixing chamber described in my former
specification is surmounted by another similar chamber. The column of the
mixed products enters this second chamber through a widened injection-cone
and in leaving the same, reaches a combined convergent and divergent cone
and thence enters the burner.
The burner is surmounted by a wide-meshed wire gauze cap of hemispherical
or similar form and carries a lamp-gallery to support a chimney.
This gallery is completely closed at the lower part, excepting for
holes surmounted by wire gauze.
#
a few.
In order that my said invention may be clearly understood and readily
carried into effect I will proceed to describe the same more fully with reference
to the accompanying drawings in which:-
Figure 1 is a side elevation, and
Figure 2 a vertical section of a burner constructed in accordance with my
invention.
Figure 3 is a horizontal section on the line 1, 1, of Figure 2 looking upward.
Figure 4 is an elevation of a lantern provided with my improved burner and
Figure 5 is a plan of a plate for dividing the lantern into two chambers or
compartments as hereinafter explained.
Referring more particularly to Figures 1 to 3 A A' are the two mixing cham-
bers arranged one above the other and communicating by the injector cone
Each chamber has perforations a a near its base for the entrance of atmospheric
air. Above the upper chamber, is located the combined convergent and di
vergent cone B which carries the burner C terminating in the hemispherically
shaped head C. D is the chimney gallery and E the chimney supported
thereby. D are the holes with which the lower plate of the gallery is
formed and D2 is the wire gauze with which such holes are covered. The said
gauze is preferably composed of two pieces placed one above the other.
The operation of the burner is as follows:
The gas issuing from the injector A3 and passing into the lower mixing
chamber A carries along with it a certain quantity of air which enters through
the perforations a (1. This mixture composed of air and gas which are well
mixed owing to the parabolic surface of the upper part of the said chamber A,
then passes through the upper injector A2 into the upper mixing chamber A¹
which is under the influence of the sucking action or draught of the chimney E.
In point of fact, as the gallery D only allows a very small quantity of air to
pass into the chamber, and this with a resistance which is double that offered
by the wire gauze cap C¹ owing to the two wire gauzes D3 over the holes D¹ in
the said gallery, it results, that the suction produced by the products of com-
bustion escaping from the chimney is more easy and regular within the burner
than below the gallery and consequently in the upper mixing chamber A¹. The
mixture, issuing from the latter is therefore sucked up, while at the same time
a fresh quantity of air is drawn in, such air entering the upper chamber through
the openings a provided therein, and being forced into or intermingled with
the mixture by the effect of the parabolic surface at the upper part of the
chamber.
The mixture of gas and air thus thoroughly intermingled is then drawn
through the combined convergent and divergent cone B and enters the burner C
whence it is discharged through the said wire gauze cap C¹. The hemispherical
shape of this cap (if the space occupied by the wires forming the gauze be
deducted) gives an outlet-surface, equal to the cross section of the burner, so
that the counter-pressures, so objectionable in burners employed at the present
time, are avoided.
The effect of the aforesaid hemispherical cap, combined with the double cham-
ber A A is, however, so considerable that with a very slight pressure, (such as
is met with at many points of the gas conduits, the suction or draught of the
chimney may be dispensed with.

page_text: In the case of a lantern of the kind illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, the
chimney may be substituted by a horizontal glass-plate F having holes f f sur-
mounted by wire gauze f¹, such plate dividing the lantern into two compart-
ments. The upper compartment thus forms a separate chamber F which
communicates with a chimney F2 on the lantern, which chamber, by being
under a consequent depression, causes a draught to be set up that produces a
more perfect oxygenation of the mixture for the subsequent combustion.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature,.of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
-
2. F
: :
4
11,
1. A gas burner provided with two superimposed mixing chambers with a
conical injector between them substantially as described and for the purpose
specified.
2. The hemispherical or similarly shaped gauze cap for the burner for the
purpose specified.
3. The construction of the chimney gallery with a series of holes covered
with gauze substantially as described and for the purposes specified.
4. A burner constructed and operating substantially as described with refer-
ence to Figures 1, 2 and 3 of the accompanying drawings.
5. A lantern divided into two compartments by a partition which is formed
with holes covered with gauze substantially as described with reference to
Figures 4 and 5 of the drawings for the purpose specified.
Dated this 25th day of November 1898.
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C.,
Agents for the Applicant.