Improvements in Stoves for Heating Rooms, Conservatories, and other Enclosed Spaces.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 16th Oct., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 186th July, 1892-Accepted, 27th Aug., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoves for Heating Rooms, Conservatories, and
other Enclosed Spaces.
I, FRANKLIN HOCKING, of 7, York Street, Liverpool, in the County of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
:
This invention has reference more particularly to that class of heaters or heating
apparatus used for heating rooms, conservatories, and other enclosed spaces, the
heat being generated by burning oil, gas, or solid fuel.
According to the invention, the products of combustion of an oil lamp or gas
(or furnace) are used to heat metal tubes held in a suitable case, through which
tubes air is caused to pass, and wherein it is heated, the movement of air being
effected by the expansion thereof due to the heating.
The vessel in which the heating tubes are disposed may consist of a circular
or other shaped drum, the tubes being supported by plates. The products of
combustion of the lamp, gas, or other fuel, are led up into said casing and are
distributed therein, passing over the whole exterior surfaces of the air heating
tubes. The tubular part of the vessel may be supported upon a pedestal or base
which fits over the lamp or burner and is adapted to be lifted off such lamp or,
burner for the purpose of lighting or attending thereto, or for other objects.
Covers may be fitted to the heating vessel in some cases.
The lamp is provided with means or the pedestal is so formed that the passage
of air into the heating vessel is wholly, or largely, prevented. When a gas burner
is employed, the entrance of air is limited.
The heating vessel may be disposed upon the base or pedestal at an inclination
or vertically; or the tubes may be so disposed as to cause a current of air to pass
through them when heated.
A door or doors may be provided in a suitable part of the base (or in the
heating vessel) for gaining access to the interior for any purpose.
A suitable outlet or outlets are provided in the heating vessel for the escape
of the gases of combustion; and this may take place into the room or other
A vessel for holding
enclosed space, or be carried by a suitable pipe out of same.
water for humidifying the air may be provided or fitted in the apparatus.
The invention is not confined to the particular construction hereinabove specified,
as the parts may be arranged and combined in different modified ways (as for
instance the converse of that above specified may be used) without departing from
the nature of the invention which has been above described.
Dated this 14th day of October 1891.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Stoves for Heating Rooms, Conservatories, and
other Enclosed Spaces.
I, FRANKLIN HOCKING, of 7, York Street, Liverpool, in the County. of
Lancaster, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement :-
This invention has reference more particularly to that class of heaters or heating

page_text: apparatus used for heating rooms, conservatories, and other enclosed spaces, the
heat being generated by burning oil, gas, or solid fuel.
According to the invention, the products of combustion of an oil lamp or gas
(or furnace) are used to heat metal tubes held in a suitable case, through which
tubes air is caused to pass, and wherein it is heated, the movement of air being
effected by the expansion thereof due to the heating.
The vessel in which the heating tubes are disposed may consist of a circular or
other shaped drum, the tubes being supported by plates. The products of
combustion of the lamp, gas, or other fuel, are led up into said casing and are
distributed therein, passing over the whole exterior surfaces of the air heating
tubes. The tubular part of the vessel may be supported upou a pedestal or base
which fits over the lamp or burner and is adapted to be lifted off such lamp or
burner for the purpose of lighting or attending thereto, or for other objects.
Covers may be fitted to the heating vessel in some cases.
The lamp is provided with means, or the pedestal is so formed that the passage
of air into the heating vessel is wholly, or largely, prevented. When a gas burner
is employed, the entrance of air is limited.
The heating vessel may be disposed upon the base or pedestal at an inclination
or vertically; or, the tubes may be so disposed as to cause a current of air to pass
through them when heated.
A door or doors may be provided in a suitable part of the base (or in the
heating vessel) for gaining access to the interior for any purpose.
A suitable outlet or outlets is or are provided in the heating vessel for the
escape of the gases of combustion; and this may take place into the room or other
enclosed space, or carried by a suitable pipe out of same. A vessel for holding
water for humidifying the air may be provided or fitted in the apparatus.
In the drawings which serve to illustrate this invention I show three
modifications.
Figure 1 is a sectional elevation, and Figure 2 a plan, of one arrangement.
Figure 3 is a sectional side elevation; Figure 4 is a front view; and Figure 5 a
plan of another arrangement.
Figure 6 illustrates in outside elevation the third arrangement or modification.
Referring now to the drawings, a is a containing vessel in which tubes bare
provided, said tubes being fixed in end tube-plates c, c'. d is the burner contained
within the case e which constitutes the base or pedestal of the stove. e' is a door
in the base e for gaining access, for lighting and attending to the burner d.
Referring now to Figures 1 and 2, the upper tube-plate c¹ has on it a cover
provided with apertures which come over the upper ends of the tubes b. In this
cover, also, is supported a vessel g for holding water, having a cap g' and a flange g²
by which it is supported on the cover f. The tubes bare arranged around the
vessel a, as shown, and are open to the atmosphere above and below, their lower
ends overhanging the base e, as shown. In some cases I may provide an internal
tube designated h, and shown in dotted lines in Figure 1, said tube being open at
the top for the passage of the gases. are handles on the case a for lifting the
stove, which is portable and may be moved about as a whole as desired.
In action, the hot gases from the burner d, which is an ordinary Bunsen burner,
pass directly into the internal space within the tube vessel a, and passing up and
round all the tubes 6 therein, heat the same; the coal gases leaving the vessel by
the outlet, which, as shown, is placed towards the lower part of the stove.
The heating of the tubes in this manner causes the air within them to be heated,
and to pass upwards into the space within which the stove is placed, the fresh and
cooler air being thereby drawn up into the lower parts to replace that discharged.
In this manner a continuous circulation of air through the tubes takes place, and
such air extracts the heat of the gases to such an extent, that by the time they
have flown up to the top, round the tubes, and down again, and out by the outlet,
and practically the whole of the available heat has been transmitted to the air
passing through the tubes b. When the inner tube h is employed of course the

page_text: whole of the gases are conveyed first into the upper part of the vessel a, and so a
positive circulation is provided for.
The action just described is the same in the stoves illustrated in Figures 3 to 5,
and Figure 6, the construction or arrangement of the parts differing only from
those in Figures 1 and 2.
Referring now to Figures 3 to 5, one modification consists in the construction of
the base e, and consists in providing a straight burner d throughout the whole width
of the stove, which in this case is rectangular, and providing a fire-clay, or iron,
or equivalent back d', having on it, or in connection with it, iron filigree or other
pieces of iron, or asbestos, or the like, on which the flame rising from the burner d
plays in the ordinary manner of radiating gas stoves. The products of combustion
pass from thence up into the conduit or passage e², and so into the tube filled
vessel wherein they act on the tubes and heat the air as set forth with reference
to Figure 1.
a,
A tube such as h-set forth with reference to Figures 1 and 2-may be also used
in this case if desired.
In connection with the cover f of stoves such as described, I may provide
vertical tubes k and horizontal tubes connected therewith, as shown in dotted
lines in Figure 3, for the purpose of affording a means on which clothes or other
things may be hung or supported for drying or warming, the waste gases from the
tubes being caused to pass up and through such tubes.
Referring to Figure 6 this arrangement consists of an inclined tube filled vessel a
fitted in a vertical conical base or pedestal e, within which a lamp d is placed.
The lamp in the drawing is an ordinary oil lamp, such as a flat flame burner lamp,
having a wick regulating handle d' disposed opposite the aperture e', for regulating
the flame and heat. is an aperture in e for observing the flame, and enabling
the users to ascertain to what degree the lamp is burning. The heat from this
lamp passes into the tube filled vessel a and round the tubes therein (which are
shown in dotted lines in this case), and pass out by the aperture ; at the lower
part of the case a. It is disposed at this part to utilise the heat of the gases to
the best advantage, as after ascending into the upper part, and having their heat
abstracted by the passage of air through the air heating tubes b, they fall or flow
into the lowest and coolest part, and give up most of their available heat to the
tubes.
The tubes in this case are fixed in a tube-plate as above described, and the
air passes into them at the lower end, cool, and leaves at the upper end in a hot
condition.
The outlet j, may, if desired, be at the upper and under part, as shown in dotted
lines in this figure. The whole stove is placed over the lamp d, and taken off
same, as and when desired, by the handle i, and thus this construction of stove is
very portable.
The stoves herein described may be heated by gas, or by oil lamps, as will be
obvious, according to which is desired or available.
The vessel tubes and base, or any of them, may be made light, of sheet metal,
such as iron or steel, in which case the stove would weigh very little, and be very
portable; or they may be made of other metal according to the purposes to which
the invention is to be put or used.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and the manner in which it is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A stove for heating rooms, conservatories, and other enclosed spaces, consisting
of a vessel a, having tubes b fixed therein, with their lower ends open to the
atmosphere as shown; and a base e with a gas or oil burner arranged therein, the
products of combustion of which pass up into the tubulous vessel above said base
and round the tubes in said vessel, and then out, heating said tubes and air therein,
and causing a practical circulation of air from the lower open ends of the tubes,

page_text: up through same, and out at the upper open ends; substantially as herein set
forth.
2. The stove for heating rooms, conservatories and other enclosed spaces, having
its parts arranged and constructed, and adapted to operate, as set forth with
reference to and shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings.
3. The stove for heating rooms, conservatories, and other enclosed spaces,
having its parts arranged and constructed, and adapted to operate, as set forth
with reference to and shown in Figures 3 to 5 of the drawings.
4. The stove for heating rooms, conservatories and other enclosed spaces,
having its parts arranged and constructed, and adapted to operate, as set forth
with reference to and shown in Figure 6 of the drawings.
Dated this 15th day of July 1892.
CHEESBROUGH & ROYSTON,
15, Water Street, Liverpool, Applicant's Patent Agents.