Improvements in or relating to Telegraphic Transmitters, and Recording Apparatus therefor.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 24th Dec.. 1894
Complete Specification Left 24th Sept.. 1895-Accepted, 26th Oct., 1895
Improvements in or relating to Telegraphic Transmitters, and
Recording Apparatus therefor.
A communication from CHARLES SPIRO, of 116th Street, Fifth and Lenox
Avenues, City, County, and State of New York, United States of America,
Gentlema
ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows-
This invention relates to telegraphic transmitters and recording apparatus
therefor and has for its principal objects to enable messages to be sent with greater
speed, ense and accuracy than has hitherto been possible with the usual devices and
moreovel, when used in combination with recording apparatus. to ensure at the
same time faithful records of the messages being automatically made.
Apparatus constructed according to this invention is not to be classed with the
ordinary printing-telegraphic instruments as these latter cannot well be introduced
into existing systems without great disorganization of such installations whereas the
apparatus hereinafter described may be introduced into any such system without
appreciable disturbance of the parts thereof
The operators of the usual transmitters are frequently incapacitated from work
by reason of wist paralysis attributable to the method of operating these
instruments which method as is well-known involves a different manipulation of
the key or transmission of "dots" and "dashes" for each letter on symbol
telegraphed According to this invention this result cannot obtain because, so fur
as the telegraphist is concerned the transmission of any letter or symbol requires
only one depression or operation of a single key, one key being appropriated to
each such letter or symbol, indeed the simplicity of operation of this improved
tiansmitter is such that telegraphists previously incapacitated by wrist-paialysis
from operating the usual transmitting device, may without trouble operate this
apparatus.
The key-board resembles that of an ordinary type-wuiting machine and when a
recording device is to be used in combination with it, it is preferred to employ any
suitable type-water printing mechanisin and the type-writer-keys thereof, the latter
serving to operate the electrical signalling devices as well as to effect the printing
u the usual manuer.
Each key is a sping-controlled lever and all of them pass over one and the same
pivoted spring-controlled or equivalent bail or frame so that when any key is
depressed this bail will also be depressed. The bail is provided or connected with
a suitable dash-pot or equivalent ictarding device. A convenient al rangement for
this purpose is to pivot to an arm extending from the bail, a piston or plunger
working in a cylinder pivoted to the frame of the machine The head of this
Ly hinder is provided with a small aperture to which is applied a preferably spung-
controlled valve by adjusting which latter the speed at which the plunger is allowed
to move in and out of the cylinder may be regulated to a micety, other retarding
levices may however be used instead of that described.

page_text: To each key lever is pivoted a lever provided with three arms, one projecting
downwards and having a cam surface upon which the boil acts as hereinafter
described the second one projecting horizontally or approximately so over and
bening on the top of the bail and over also a stop-pin or equivalent on the key-
lever and the third extending upwards and having a projection or point adapted to
rub over and make electrical connection with the particular contact appropriated
There is one of these contacts to each of the key levers, each contact being
different from all the others, and adapted to transmit one letter or symbol of the
usual Morse alphabet, thus for example the contact appropriated to the letter A
may have a surface which will provide from the transmission of a dot and
dash (--) that appropriated to the letter B a dash and three dots (— - - -) and
to it.
60 on
All the contacts are mounted on a metal bar to which they are conveniently
attached by means of forked extensions of the former and screws passing through
these forks and screwing into the bar The face of each of the contacts which are
formed principally of metal is cut across at the parts at which the electric cucunt
15 to be interrupted and these recesses are preferably filled with vulcanite or
equivalent insulating material so as to present a smooth surface to the contact
point rubbing over it, the distance between these insulating strips varies according
to whether a dot or a dash is to be transmitted, a short distance serving for a dot
and a longer one for a dash.
The metal bar is pivotally mounted ou but insulated from the machine frame and
is provided with a lever handle or other means whereby it may be moved into a
position out of reach of the rubbing contacts.
One terminal of the line is connected to the metal bar and the other is connected
to the machine frame, and through it to the key levers.
Between the key levers and the bail when in their normal positions there is a
slight space to allow of the three-aimed-levers being operated before the bail so
that when a key lever is depressed the three-armed-lever pivoted thereto is canted
over by tenson of us horizontal arm bearing on the bail, the bail at this movement
being prevented by the retarding device from moving downwards as quickly as the
key lever. By this operation the upper end is moved out of reach of the contact
and the cam is moved beneath the bail. When the key lever is released by the
operator it ascends quicker than the bail so that the cam acting against the under-
side of the bail causes the contact point of the three-armed-lever to be moved
towards the contact bat so that during the further ascent of the lever the contact
point imbs over the contact and effects the necessary completing and breaking
of the cuent for transmitting the signal.
The upper side of each contact is faced with insulating material and the under-
side of the rubbing contact is shaped so that it will cugage with this insulated
face if the operator tries to send one signal before the last preceding one is
finished
When the before described transmitter is combined with or formed as a part of
a type writing machine and it is required to use the machine independently of the
transmitter all that is necessary is, by means of the before mentioned lever handle,
to move the contuet bar out of reach of the rabbing contacts
Any desired arrangement of switches may be provided to enable the transmitter
to be cut out of the circuit
Dated this 24th day of December 1894
BOULT & WADE.
Agents for the Applicant

page_text: Improvements in or relating to Telegraphic
Recording Apparatus therefor.
A communication from CHARLES SPIRO, of 116th Street, Fifth and Lenox
Avenues, City, County, and State of New York, United States of America,
Geutleman.
I, ALFRED JULIUS BOULT of 323 High Holborn, in the County of Middlesex,
Chartered Patent Agent, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
what inannei
ascertained in and by the following statement
-
This invention relates to telegraphic transmitters and recording appaintus
therefor and has for its principal objects to enable messages to be sent with greater
speed, ease and accuracy than has hitherto been possible with the usual devices
and moreover, when used in combination with recording apparatus, to ensure at
the same time faithful records of the messages being automatically made.
Apparatus constructed according to this invention is not to be classed with the
ordinary punting-telegraphic instruments as these latter cannot well he introduced
into existing systems without great disorganization of such installations whereas
the apparatus hereinafter described may be introduced into any such system
without appreciable disturbance of the paits thereof.
The operators of the usual transmitters are frequently incapacitated from work by
reason of wrist paralysis attributable to the method of operating these instruments
which method as is well-known involves a different manipulation of the key or trans-
mission of "dots" and "dashes" for each letter or symbol telegraphed According to
this invention this result cannot obtain because, so far as the telegraphist is concerned
the transmission of any letter on symbol requies only one depression or operation
of a single key, one key being appropiated to each such letter or symbol indeed
the simplicity of operation of this improved transmitter is such that telegraphists
previously incapacitated by wrist-paialysis from operating the usual transmitting
device, may without trouble operate this apparatus.
The hey-board resembles that of an ordinary typewriting machine and when &
recording device is to be used in combination with it, it is preferred to employ any
suitable typewriter punting mechanisın and the typewriter-keys thereof, the latter
serving to operate the electrical signalling devices as well as to effect the printing
in the usual manue
In the accompanying drawings
-
Figure is a central vertical section through a telegraphic transmitting and
recording apparatus constructed according to this invention
Figure 2 is a side elevation of portion of the same
Figure 3 is an end view (the right hand end) of Figure 2 and
Figure 4 is a perspective view of one of the contacts
Like letters indicato like parts throughout the drawings.
As shown in Figure 1 each hey A is a lever controlled by a spring B and all of
them puss over oue and the same pivotted spring-controlled or equivalent bail or
frame C so that when any key is depressed this bail will also be depressed. The bail
18 provided or connected with a suitable dash-pot or equivalent retarding device. A
convculent airargement for this purpose is as shown in Figure 1 to pivot to an
arm C extending from the bail a piston or plunger D working in a cylinder E
The head of this
pirotted as by a screw E to the frame F of the machine.
cylinder E is ovided with a small aperture E³ (shown in dotted lines in Figure 1)
to which is applied a preferably spring-controlled valve E³ by adjusting which

page_text: Intter the speed at which the plunger is allowed to move in and out of the cylinder
may be regulated to a micety other retarding devices may however be used instead
of that described. The retarding device as a whole, for convenience, is hereinafter
referred to by the letter E.
To each key lever A is pivotted a lever G provided with three aims G' G'G'
one (G¹) projecting downwards and having a cain surface G‘upon which the
bail C acts as hereinafter described, the second one (G2) projecting horizontally, or
approximately so, over and bearing on the top of the bail C and over also a
stop-pin or equivalent A' on the key-lever and the third (G³) extending upwards
and having a projection or point G adapted to rub over and make electrical
connection with the particular contact H appropriated to it.
There is one of these
contacts to each of the key levers, each contact being different from all the
others, and adapted to transmit one letter or symbol of the usual Morse alphabet,
thus for example the contact appropriated to the letter " A may have a sui face
which will provide for the transmission of a dou and dash (- -) that appropiated
to the letter "B" a dash and three dots (-- -), that appropriated to the
letter "K," which is the one represented in Figures 1 and 4, a dash, dot and
dash () and so on
"
All the contacts If are mounted on a metal bar I to which they are conveniently
attached each by means of a forked extension integral with the contact and a
sei ew passing through this fork Hand screwing into the bat I. The contacts II
ate formed pincipally of metal and the operative face of each 16 cut across at the
parts at which the electric circuit is to be interupted and these recesses are
preferably filled with vulcanite or equivalent insulating material II so as to
present a smooth surface to the contact point rubbing over it, the distance between
these insulating strips varies according to whether a dot or a dash is to be
transmitted, a short distance as at II serving for a dot and a longer one as at I1*
for a dash For facilitating the understanding of the arrangement of the insulating
portions of the contacts H the operative faces of these portions are shown black in
Figure 4 while in Figure 1 they are shown completely in blach.
The metal bar is pivotally mounted on but insulated from the machine frame F
as by means of arms J, and is provided with a lever bandle K or other means
whereby it may be moved to a position out of reach of the rubbing contacts G³.
One terminal L of the lue is connected as by a binding screw 12 to the metal
bu and the other terminal L' is connected as by a binding sciew F' to the
unclume frame and through it to the key levers A.
Between the key levers A and the bail C when in then normal positions there is
a slight space M to allow of the three-aimed-levers G being operated before the
bail C so that when a key lever A is depressed the three-aimed-level pivotted theicto
15 canted over by reason of its horizontal arm G2 bearing on the bail C, the bail at
this movement being prevented by the retarding device E irem moving downwards
as quickly as the key lever A. By this operation the projection G³ is moved out
of each of the contact II and the cam Gis moved beneath the bail. When the
key lever released by the operator it ascends quicker than the bail C owing to
the action of the retarding device on the latter, so that the cam G acting against
the underside of the bail C causes the contact point G of the three-aimed-lever G
to be moved towards the bai I so that doing the further ascent of the levers A
and G the contact point Grabs over the contact II and effects the necessary
completing and breaking of the encuit for transmitting the signal The backward
movement of the upper end of each of the levers G is limited by a stop din A
secured in the corresponding her lever A and upon which the horizontal aim G³ of
the lever G is adapted to bear as shown in Figure 1
When the end of a word is reached a spacing key A' is operated and this may
serve to transmit a particular signal indicating such juncture, or this may be
provided for in any other convenient and pre-arranged manner.
The upper side of each contact is faced with insulating material as at N and the
underside of each rubbing contact. G is shaped so that it will engage with this

page_text: insulated face N if the operator tries to send one signal before the last preceding
one is finished
When the before described transmitter as shown in Figure 1 18 combined with
or formed as a part of a type writing machine and it is required to use the machine
Independently of the transmitter all that is necessary 1s, by means of the before
mentioned lever handle K, to move the bar I and the contacts II thereon so that
the latter may be out of the reach of the rubbing contacts G as will be well
understood.
Any desired arrangement of switches may be provided to enable the transmitter
to be cut out of the circuit.
My correspondent wishes it to be understood that he does not herein claim
anything claimed in the Specification of his prior Letters Patent No. 25076/94.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this said inven-
tion as communicated to me by my foreign correspondent, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim 18
-
1. In a device for telegraphic transmission by the Morse or similar code a contact
having flat contact surfaces and intervals or breaks whose shape aud arrangement
Bie dependent upon or determined by the signal to be transmitted substantially as
descubed.
2 In a device for electrically transmitting a number of different signals the
combination with a number of keys such as A each corresponding or appropriated
to one of the signals and a similar number of different contacts such as H of a
series of contact levers such as G one pivotted to each of the keys substantially as
and as operating in the manner described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
3 In a device for electrically trausmitting a number of different signals the
combination with a number of keys such as A each corresponding of appropriated
to one of the signals of a pivotted bar such as I a number of contacts such as I
secured to the bar and a contact lever such as G for each of the contacts and
levers substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated the
accompanying drawings.
4. In a device for elcctically transmitting a number of different signals the
combination with a number of keys such as A each corresponding or appropunted
to one of the signals of a corresponding number of three-armed contact leveis such
as G one pirotted to each of the keys substantially as described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings
5. In a device for electrically transmitting a number of different signals the
combination with a number of keys such as A ench corresponding or appropriated
to one of the signals a stationary frame for supporting them and a corresponding
number of three-aimed levers such as G of a pivotted frame such as C substantially
as and operating in the manner described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
6 In a device for electrically transmitting a number of different signals the
combination with a number of keys such as A each corresponding or appropiated
to one of the signals a stationary fiame for supporting them a corresponding
number of thee-aimed levers such as G and a pivotted frame such as C of a
ielaiding device substantially as and for the purpose described and illustrated in
the accompanying drawings.
7 The combination and arrangement of parts constituting the complete
telegraphic transmission device whether in combination with or independently of a
type writing machine substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying
drawings.
Contra- 1905
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.