Improvements in Cocks for Controlling the Flow of Liquids
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 7th Mar., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 5th Dec., 1891-Accepted, 9th Jan., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cocks for Controlling the Flow of Liquids
I, CHARLES MENZIES FRASER, of 126 King Street, Broughty-Ferry, in the
County of Forfar, N.B. Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to
be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to controll the flow of liquids, in an improved
manner and by means of improved apparatus.
In the most approved method of carrying my invention into effect, I proceed as
follows:-
The liquid is conducted through a suitable pipe past an air vessel incorporated
with the cock, so placed that when the flow of liquid is stopped, the air acts as a
cushion and thus lessens the shock.
A conical valve is situated immediately beneath the air vessel, and is permanently
kept open by means of the conical head of the service valve, except when the said
service valve is unscrewed, say for repairs; at which time the unscrewing of it lets
the aforesaid conical valve down upon its seat, thus stopping the flow of liquid,
and in this manner allows the service valve to be repaired without shutting off the
supply of liquid to other branches. The seat of the conical valve is screwed to
the upper portion of the cock and after it is in the correct position it is held
there by a round pin or key which passes through both flanges. The service valve
consists of a metal case so designed as to retain an india-rubber or leather washer
without the possibility of crushing the material over the edges. The apertures
through which the liquid flows towards the hollow centre of the service valve, are
so constructed as to give a rotating motion to it; after which it is carried through
a delivery pipe. Within the delivery pipe is placed a filtering medium, that is to
say a sponge or other suitable appliance, so that the liquid may be filtered before
it is used. The filtering medium may be readily taken out and cleaned, whenever
it is found necessary. The piston of the service valve is packed with packing kept
in position by means of a spiral spring. The packing is preferably made of a
rubber ring served with cotton or hemp thread. The service valve is actuated by
a lever, so designed that when the power is withdrawn the said service valve falls
on to its seat by means of the before mentioned spiral spring, together with the
pressure of the water, thus making the cock self closing.
If it is required to keep the cock open without having any one at the handle, a
pawl is provided which engages in a notch suitably placed. By having more than
one notch the flow of liquid may be regulated. The pawl is controlled by means of
a rod or lever passing through said handle. The handle may be placed at the
right or the left hand or in front of the cock by regulating the thickness of the
washer which forms the joint between the portion of the cock which is fixed, and
that which may be unscrewed.
In order to adapt my invention for use in connection with cisterns, I substitute
for the handle a hollow lever at the end of which is a hollow porcelain ball which
floats upon the water and as it rises and falls opens the service valve to a greater
or a lesser degree. The hollow lever is fixed to the porcelain ball by means of a
short tube of cork or rubber compressed by a jamb nut so as to render the joint
perfectly tight. The tube is hollow so as to permit air to circulate through the
hollow ball.
Dated this 5th day of March 1891.
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.
Applicant's Agents.

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Cocks for Controlling the Flow of Liquids.
1, CHARLES MENZIES FRASER, of 126 King Street, Broughty-Ferry, in the
County of Forfar, N.B. Plumber, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement:―
The object of my invention is to control the flow of liquids, in an improved
manner and by means of improved apparatus.
The accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings illustrates the most approved
methods of carrying my invention into effect:
Figure 1. represents a section through B. B. showing the cock with the
valve open,
Figure 2. a section at A. A. in a plane at right angles to the axis,
Figure 3. a part view of the air vessel in section, showing the lower part of the
cock removed, and the upper valve on its seat,
Figure 4. a part view of the service valve when closed,
Figure 5. a section at C. C. of the service valve, and
Figure 6. a sectional view of the filter.
In these drawings the same reference letters and numerals are used to mark the
same or like parts wherever they are repeated.
The liquid is conducted through a suitable pipe 7. past an air vessel 8.
incorporated with the cock, so placed that when the flow of liquid is stopped, the
air acts as a cushion, and thus lessens the shock.
A conical valve 9. is situated immediately beneath the air vessel, and is
permanently kept open by means of the conical head of the service valve 10. except
when the said service valve is unscrewed, say for repairs, at which time the
unscrewing of it lets the aforesaid conical valve 9. down upon its seat, thus stopping
the flow of liquid, and in this manner allowing the service valve to be repaired
without shutting off the supply of liquid to other branches. A spring 11. may be
employed to keep the valve 9. on its seat while the service valve is unscrewed for
repair. The seat of the conical valve 9. is screwed to the upper portion of the
cock, and after it is in the correct position, it is held there by a round pin or key 12.
which passes through both flanges. The service valve 10. consists of a metal case
so designed as to retain an india-rubber or leather washer 13. without the possibility
of crushing the material over the edges. The apertures 14. through which the
liquid flows towards the hollow centre of the service valve, are so constructed as
to give a rotating motion to it; after which it is carried through a delivery pipe 15.
Within the delivery pipe is placed a filtering medium 16. that is to say a sponge or
other suitable appliance, so that the liquid may be filtered before it is used.
appliance which I preferably use is shown at Figure 6. and consists of a wire frame
covered with one or more knitted worsted bags, as a person's finger is covered with
a glove. The filtering medium may be readily taken out and cleaned, whenever it
is found necessary, by unscrewing the part 15. The piston 17. of the service valve
is packed with packing 18. kept in position by means of a spiral spring 19.
service valve 10. is actuated by a lever 20. so designed that when the power is
withdrawn the said service valve falls on to its seat by means of the before
mentioned spiral spring, together with the pressure of the water, thus making the
cock self closing.
The
The
If it is required to keep the cock open without having anyone at the handle 21,
a pawl 22. is provided which engages in a notch suitably placed. By having more
than one notch the flow of liquid may be regulated. The pawl is controlled by
means of a rod or lever 23. passing through said handle 21. The handle may be
placed at the right or the left hand or in front of the cock by regulating the
thickness of the washer 24. which forms the joint between the portion of the cock
which is fixed, and that which may be unscrewed,

page_text: In order to adapt my invention for use in connection with cisterns, I substitute
for the handle 21. a hollow lever 25. at the end of which is a hollow porcelain
ball 26. which floats upon the water and as it rises and falls opens the service
valve 10. to a greater or a lesser degree. The hollow lever 25. is fixed to the
porcelain ball 26. by means of a short tube of cork or rubber 27. compressed by a
jamb nut 28. so as to render the joint perfectly tight. The tube is hollow so as to
permit air to circulate through the hollow ball.
The cock is used in the following ways:-
If it is desired to use it as a self closing cock, (see Figure 1.), the pawl 22, the
rods 23, and 25, together with the ball 26. are removed, so that, should the service
valve be opened by means of power applied to the handle 21. and lever 20.;
immediately said power is withdrawn it is closed partly by the spring 11. and
partly by the pressure of the fluid.
Should it be desired to use it as a cock which could be kept open indefinitely if
required (see Figure 1.) the rod 25. together with the ball 26. is removed.
Should the service valve be opened the pawl 22. will drop into either notch (in
the illustration it is shown in the first notch) and thus keep it in that position. If
it be required to close the valve the handle is drawn in the direction of the arrow
and the rod 23. is raised by means of the thumb as shown, thus lifting the pawl out
of the notch, and permitting the valve to close.
When the cock is to be used in connection with a cistern (see Figure 1.) the
handle 21, pawl 22, and rod 23, are removed, the opening and closing of the service
valve being then controlled by the position of the ball 26. which is governed by the
level of the water in the cistern.
In whatsoever manner the cock be used the filter 16. may or may not be employed.
It can be readily removed and cleaned by unscrewing the part 15. and drawing it
out of its place. If the cock is to be used for controlling the flow of drinking water
it is highly desirable that the filter be used, as some waters contain the eggs or
spawn of frogs, tape worms, and the like, which will inevitably pass into those who
partake of same, unless some such device be employed.
If it is found necessary at any time to repair the service valve 10. and its
appurtenances; the part 29. is unscrewed, thus permitting the valve 9. to come
down upon its seat as shown in Figure 3, in this manner checking the flow of water
from the main.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1). In cocks for controlling the flow of liquids, the construction and arrange-
ment of parts for using the appliance as a self closing cock, as described.
(2). In cocks for controlling the flow of liquids, the construction and arrange-
ment of parts for using the appliance as a cock which may be kept open indefinitely
if required, and which may be used to regulate the flow of liquid, substantially as
described.
(3). In cocks for controlling the flow of liquids, the construction and arrange-
ment of parts for using the appliance in connection with cisterns, as set forth.
(4). The use of the filter as described.
(5). In cocks for controlling the flow of liquids, the general construction, com-
bination and arrangement of parts, substantially as and for the purposes set forth,
together with any mere modification or modifications thereof.
Dated this 3rd day of December 1891.
GEO. C. DOUGLAS & Co.,
Applicant's Agents.