A CHAISE OR CHAIR WITH TWO WHEELS, TO BE DRAWN WITH ONE HORSE IN OR BETWEEN A PAIR OF SHAFT, WHICH IS SO CONTRIVED AS TO QUARTER THE ROADS BY THE PERSON RIDING IN IT WITHOUT LET OR HINDERANCE, SO AS TO KEEP EXACTLY IN THE COACH TRACK, BY WHICH MEANES THE PERSON IN BUCH CARRIAGE MAY TRAVEL WITH MORE EXPEDITION, SAFETY, AND PLEASURE TO HIMSELF AND HORSE THAN ANY THING OF THE LIKE NATURE-HITHERTO INVENTED; THAT BY MEANES OF THE SAID INVENTION, WHEN THE HORSE IS VPON & FULL TROTT, OR ANY SWIFTER MOTION THE BETTER, BY ONLY SETTING A FOOT VPON A SPRING AND PULLING A SMALL LINE FOR THAT PURPOSE FIXED TO THE CARRIAGE, THE TRAVELLOR MAY WITH EASE IMEDIATELY THROW OFF EITHER WHEEL INTO THE COACH TRACK, AS HE SHALL FIND MOST CONVENIENT
Year: 1728

page_text: Presents shall come greeting.
WHEREAS our trusty and welbeloved WILLIAM CHAPMAN, of our City of
London, Coach and Coach Harness Maker, hath by his peticon humbly repre-
sented vnto vs that he hath with great pains, labour, and expence, found out,
invented, and brought to perfeccon "A CHAISE OR CHAIR WITH TWO WHEELS,
TO BE DRAWN WITH ONE HORSE IN OR BETWEEN A PAIR OF SHAFT, WHICH IS SO
CONTRIVED AS TO QUARTER THE ROADS BY THE PERSON RIDING IN IT WITHOUT LET
OR HINDERANCE, SO AS TO KEEP EXACTLY IN THE COACH TRACK, BY WHICH MEANES
THE PERSON IN BUCH CARRIAGE MAY TRAVEL WITH MORE EXPEDITION, SAFETY, AND
PLEASURE TO HIMSELF AND HORSE THAN ANY THING OF THE LIKE NATURE-HITHERTO
INVENTED; THAT BY MEANES OF THE SAID INVENTION, WHEN THE HORSE IS VPON &
FULL TROTT, OR ANY SWIFTER MOTION THE BETTER, BY ONLY SETTING A FOOT VPON
A SPRING AND PULLING A SMALL LINE FOR THAT PURPOSE FIXED TO THE CARRIAGE,
THE TRAVELLOR MAY WITH EASE IMEDIATELY THROW OFF EITHER WHEEL INTO THE
COACH TRACK, AS HE SHALL FIND MOST CONVENIENT :" that as the petičoner is the
sole inventor of the said machine, which for its vsefulnesse, safety, and
conveniency he knows (having made made severall experiments thereof) will
be of publick benefit, and therefore desired by many persons for their ease and
pleasure, and valess it proves so can be of no advantage to him, and he (being
willing at his own further costs and charges to put in practice his said
Invenčon, and to securing his property therein) having most humbly prayed
vs to grant vnto him, his executors, administrators, and assignes, our Royal
Letters Patent for the sole making, vse, and benefit of his said Invention

page_text: within England, Wales, and our Town of Berwick-vpon-Tweed, for and
during the term of fourteen yeares, wee, being willing to give encourage-
ment to all arts and invenčons which may be of publick service and benefit,
are gratiously pleased to gratifye him in his request.
KNOW YEE, THEREFORE, that wee, of our especial grace, certain
knowledge, and meer močon, have given and granted, and by these Presents,
for vs, our heires and successors, do give and grant vuto the said William
Chapman, his executors, administrators, and assignes, our especial lycence,
full power, sole priviledge, and authority, that he, the said William Chapman,
his executors, administrators, and assignes, and every of them, by himselfe or
themselves, or his or their deputy and deputies, servants or agents, or such
others as he, the said William Chapman, his executors, administrators, or
assignes shall at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and
at all times hereafter during the term of yeares herein expressed, shall and
lawfully may make, vse, and exercise his said new invented chaise or chair
with two wheels to be drawn with one horse, for the purposes in manner
above sett forth and described, within that part of our Kingdom of Great
Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-vpon-
Tweed, in such manner as to him, the said William Chapman, his executors,
administrators, and assignes, or any of them, shall in their discrecons seem
meet, and that he, the said William Chapman, his executors, administrators,
and assignes, shall and lawfully may have and enioy the whole profitt, benefitt,
commodity, and advantage from time to time comeing, growing, accrewing, and
ariseing by reason of the said Invenčon, for and during the term of yeares
herein menconed, to have have, hold, exercise, and enioy the said lycence,
powers, priviledges, and advantages herein-before granted or menĉoned to be
granted vnto the said William Chapman, his executors, administrators, and
assignes, for and during, and vnto the full end and term of fourteen yeares
from the date of these Presente next and immediately ensuing, and fully to be
compleat and ended according to the Statute in such case made and provided:
And to the end that the said William Chapman, his executors, administrators,
and assignes, and every of them, may have and enioy the full benefit and the
sole vse and exercise of the said Invention, according to our gratious intenco
herein-before declared, wee do by these Presents, for vs, our heires, and
successors, require and strictly command all and every person and persons
bodies politick and corporate, and all other our subiecte whatsoever, of wha
estate, quality, degree, name, or condičon soever they be, within that said par
of our Kingdome of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales
and Town of Berwick-vpon-Tweed aforesaid, that neither they or any of then

page_text: at
any time during the continuance of the said term of fourteen yeares hereby
granted, either directly or indirectly do make, vse, or put in practice the said
Invenčon, part of the same so attained vnto by the said William Chapman as
aforesaid, nor in anywise counterfeit, imitate, or resemble the same, nor shall
make or cause to be made any addičon thereunto or substracčon from the
same whereby to pretend himselfe or themselves the inventor or inventors,
devisors thereof without the lycence, consent, or agreement of the said William
Chapman, his executors, administrators, or assignes, in writing vnder his or
their hand and seales first had and obtained in that behalfe, vpon such pains
and penalties as can or may be iustly inflicted on such offenders for the
contempt of this our royal command, and further to be answerable to the said
William Chapman, his executors, administrators, and assignes, according to
Jaw for his and their damages thereby occasioned: And moreover wee do by
these Presente, for vs, our heires and successors, will and command all and
singular the justices of the peace, mayors, sheriffes, bayliffes, constables, head-
boroughs, and all other officers and ministers whatsoever of vs, our heires and
successors, for the time being, that they or any of them do not nor shall at
any time hereafter during the said term hereby granted, in anywise molest,
trouble, or hinder the said William Chapman, his executors, administrators,
or assignes, or any of them, or his or their deputies, servante, or agente, in or
about the due and lawfull vse or exercise of the aforesaid Invention, or any
thing relating thereto : Provided always, and these our Letters Patents aro
and shall be vpon this condition, that if at any time during the said term
hereby granted it shall be made appear to vs, our heires or successors, or any
six or more of our or their Privy Council, that this our grant is contrary to
law or preiudiciall or inconvenient to our subiects in general, or that the said
Invenčon is not a new invention as to the publick vse and exercise thereof in
that said part of our Kingdom of Great Britain called England, our Dominion
of Wales, or Town of Berwick-vpon-Tweed aforesaid, or not invented and
found out by the said William Chapman as aforesaid, then, vpon signification
or declaration thereof to be made by vs, our heires or successors, vnder our or
their signet or privy seal, or by the Lords and others of our or their Privy
Council, or any six or more of them vnder their hande, these our Letters
Patente shall forthwith cease, determine, and be vtterly void to all intente
and purposes, anything herein-before contained to the contrary thereof in
anywise notwithstanding: Provided also, that these our Letters Patente or
anything herein contained, shall extend or be construed to extend to give
priviledge vnto the said William Chapman, his executors, administrators, or
-assigues, or any of them, to vse or imitate any invenčon or work whatsoever

page_text: which hath heretofore been found out or invented by any other of our subiecte
whatsoever, and publickly vsed or exercised in that said of our Kingdom
of Great Britain called England, our Dominion of Wales, or Town of Berwick-
vpon-Tweed aforesaid, vnto whom like Letters Patente or priviledges have
been already granted for the sole vse, exercise, and benefit thereof, it being
our will and pleasure that the said William Chapman, his executors, adminis-
trators, and assignes, and all and every other person and persons to whom
like Letters Patents or priviledges have been already granted as aforesaid,
shall distinctly vse and practice their severall inventions by them invented and
found out according to the true intent and meaning of the same respective
Letters Patente and of these Presents: Provided likewiso nevertheless, and
these our Letters Patents are vpon this expresse condičon, that if he, the said
William Chapman, his executors or administrators, or any person or persons
which shall or may at any time or times horoafter during the continuance of
this grant have or clayme any right, title, or interest, in law or equity of in, or
to the power, priviledge, and authority of the solo vse and benefit of the said
Inventon hereby granted, shall make any transferr or assignement, or any
pretended transferr or assignment of the said liberty and priviledge, or any
share or shares of the benefit or profit thereof, or shall declare any trust
thereof to or for any number of persons exceeding the number of five, or shall
open or cause to be opened any booke or booke for publick subscriptions to
be made by any number of persons exceeding the number of five, in ordor
to the raising any sume or sumes of money vnder pretence of carrying on the
said liberty or priviledge hereby granted, or shall, by him or themselves, or
his or their agents or servante, receive any sume or sumes of money whatso-
ever of any number of persons exceeding in the whole the number of five, for
such or the like intents or purposes, or shall presume to act as a corporate
body, or shall divide the benefit of these our Letters Patent or the liberty
and priviledges hereby by vs granted, into any number of shares exceeding
the number of fivo, or shall committ, or do, or procure to be committed or done,
any act, matter, or thing whatsoever during such time as such person or
persons shall have any right or title either in law or equity in or to the said
premisses which would be contrary to the true intent and meaning of a certain
Act of Parliament made in the sixth year of the reign of our late Royal
Father King George the First, intituled (An Act for the better securing certain
Powers and Priviledges intended to be granted by His Maiestie by Two Charters
for Assurance of Ships and Merchandizes at Sea, and for lending Money vpon
Bottomry, and for restraining several extravagant and vnwarrantable Practices
therein menčoned); if these our Letters Patente had not been granted, or in

page_text: case the said power, priviledge, or authority shall at any time hereafter become
vested in or in trust for more than the number of five persons or their
representatives at any one time (reckoning executors or administrators as and
for the single person whom they represent as to such interest as they are or
shall be intitled to in right of such their testator or intestate), that then, and
may of the said cases, these our Letters Patents, and all liberties, priviledges,
and advantages whatsoever hereby granted shall vtterly cease, determine, and
become void, anything herein-before contained to the contrary thereof in any-
wise notwithstanding. And lastly, wee do by these Presents for vs, our
heires and successors, grant vnto the said William Chapman, his executors,
administrators, and assignes, that these our Letters Patente or the inrollment
or exemplification thereof, shall be in and by all things good, firm, valid,
sufficient, and effectual in the law, according to the true intent and meaning
thereof, and shall be taken, construed, and adiudged in the most favourable
and beneficial sense for the best advantage of the said William Chapman, his
executors, administrators, and assignes, as well in all our Courts of Record as
elsewhere, and by all and singular the officers and ministers whatsoever of vs,
our heires and successors, in that part of our Kingdom of Great Britain called
England, our Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-vpon-Tweed afore-
said, and amongst all and every the subiects of vs, our heires and successors,
whatsoever and wheresoever, notwithstanding the not full and certain describing
the nature or quality of the said Invention, or of the materials thereto con-
ducing and belonging.
In witness & Witnesse our selfe at Westminster. the Seaven-and-