Improvements in the Construction of Internal Combustion Engines in combination with Cycles or Carriages.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 4th Dec., 1896
Complete Specification Left, 3rd Sept., 1897-Accepted, 20th Nov., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Internal Combustion Engines
in combination with Cycles or Carriages.
I HENRY CAPEL LOFFT HOLDEN Major Royal Artillery Royal Arsenal Woolwich
do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to the method of construction of internal combustion
engines and more particularly to the form of engine described, in my Provisional
Specification No. 11491 dated 27th May 1896, as being applicable to the propulsion
of carriages and cycles. In this engine tie rods are used to retain the valve
boxes which are situate at opposite ends of the cylinders in their position and
these tie rods project beyond the valve boxes and form not only a means of attach-
ment of the engine itself to the cycle or carriage but they also form a part of the
frame of the cycle or carriage itself or a part of the system of struts and ties which
go to compose the frame thereby serving a double purpose as explained.
Doted this 3rd dor of December 1896
H. C. L. HOLDEN,
Major R.A.
Improvements in the Construction of Internal Combustion Engines
in combination with Cycles or Carriages.
HENRY CAPEL LOFFT HOLDEN Major Royal Artillery Royal Arsenal Woolwich
do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:-
My invention relates to improved methods of construction of internal combustion
engines for propelling cycles and carriages, and has reference to the combination
in construction, of the engine with that of the cycle or carriage. By my inven-
tion I secure simplicity of parts together with great strength and rigidity for a
given weight.
Furthermore my invention has special reference to the form of engine described
in my Patent No. 11491 of 1896.
In this engine tie rods are used to keep the valve boxes which are at opposite
ends of the working cylinders in position and generally to hold the parts composing
the engine together. These tie bars therefore form an essential part of the engine.
In my present invention one or more of these tie bars are also utilised in such
a manner as to form not only a means of attachment of the engine to the frame
CD 037

page_text: of the cycle or carriage but also to form an essential part of the said frame, and a
portion of the system of struts and ties which go to compose the frame of the
cycle or carriage.
Referring to the accompanying drawings for the purpose of more clearly
explaining my invention; sufficient detail being given in these drawings to effect
this purpose.
Fig. I represents a bicycle in combination with an internal combustion engine
according to my invention.
Fig. 2 an end view showing the system of double stays in further illustration of
Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows a bicycle with a different type of frame in combination with an
internal combustion engine according to my invention.
Fig. 4 shows a sectional plan of the same on the section line XY.
In all these figures similar reference letters are used to denote the same or
corresponding parts.
Referring now to Fig. 1. H. H is the upper portion of the frame of the bicycle
or the backbone of the machine as it is usually termed, and this as well as the rest
of the frame is made of suitable material and sectional area for the purpose;
to HH are secured the stays F. and D and the strut E is likewise secured between I'
and D in the manner shown in the fig. All of these viz. F. E. and D may be single
but are preferably double as shown in Fig. 2 on account of the extra rigidity
thereby obtained."
The two stays or systems of stays F and D together with the strut or struts E
form an essential part of the frame of the machine.
I do not wish however to be unduly limited to this precise construction or to
any other one construction of frame except so far as I have pointed out in my
claims.
The stays F and E are connected together at their lower ends and have the
lug P common to both of them, a similar lug being on the end of the stay D;
where double stays are used there would be a lug P on each of them as shown in
Fig. 2 of the double stay D.D. These lugs P are suitably prepared for the recep-
tion of the tie rods C as shown in Fig. 2.
The tie rods C. C. hold the valve boxes BB and cylinders A A. together, as well
as the parts of the engine generally in position and they project beyond the
valve boxes B. B at either end of the engine.
The projecting ends of these tie rods CC have a screw thread cut upon them and
by means of the nuts NN can be secured to the lugs PP above mentioned at the
ends of the stays F and D. The tie rods C thus form the fourth side of the
parallelogram H. F. D. C. The pull and thrust of the engine exerted through
the connecting rods G, is taken by the tie bar T which is attached at one end to
the engine and at the other end to the bearing of the driving wheel.
Fig. 3. shows a bicycle with another type of frame but fitted with the same form
of internal combustion engine.
In this case the lugs PP may be attached separately to either side of the
frame HH as shown in Fig. 1. or they may be made as shown in Fig. 2. in one
piece extending from one side of the frame to the other, having slots cut in them
for the reception of the tie bars C C and the parts being secured together by the
nuts N N.
In this case the tie bars CC which as already stated hold the component parts
of the engine together, also secure it to the frame, and furthermore form an
essential portion of the frame itself of the cycle, securing strength and rigidity
to the side pieces H. H and to the frame as a whole.
Although in the above descriptions and figs. I have only shown my invention
applied to cycles with two wheels I do not desire to limit myself to such vehicles
only, for my invention can equally well be applied to three wheeled or four
wheeled cycles and other light carriages, with slight modifications in detail of
construction of frames, the main principle remaining the same.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. The method of construction of internal combustion engines, used for propelling
cycles or carriages, above described, wherein an essential part or parts of the
engine, namely the tie bar or bars that hold the parts of the said engine together
are utilised not only as a means of attachment of the engine to the frame of the
cycle or carriage but also to form an essential part of the frame of the cycle or
carriage itself."
2. The combination of parts substantially as above described and for the
purposes set forth.
Dated this 1st day of September 1897