Improvements in and connected with the Spinning of Fibrous Materials.
Year: 1892

page_text: Date of Application, 15th July, 1892
Complete Specification Left, 5th Jan., 1893-Accepted, 11th Feb., 1893
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Spinning of Fibrous
Materials.
A communication from abroad by EMILE LHOMME, of 175, Rue Saint Honoré,
Paris, in the French Republic, Engineer.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane, in the County
of Middlesex, Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the spinning of fibrous materials, and by its aid
materials having but a short fibre, such as peat, cow-hair, and the like, may be
spun into threads or cords of a predetermined size.
The invention may be carried out with an ordinary carding machine in
conjunction with the additions and improvements, the nature of which is hereinafter
set forth.
The material is taken from the carding cylinder by a comb having a reciprocating
motion toward and from the carding cylinder, the material so taken being gradually
formed into a roll or mass by the aid of a further cylinder located close to the comb
and revolving in the same direction as the carding cylinder before referred to.
The material so accumulated is drawn out by the action of side rollers practically
in the plane of its length through one or more revolving, twisting or spinning
wheels which may be formed with a hollow shaft and a bell mouthed opening
thereinto.
One or more twisting or spinning wheels and pairs of drawing rollers may be
placed at either end of the cylinder, but as a rule one set at either end will
generally be sufficient. By varying the size of the opening through the twisting
wheels and the speed of rotation of the various parts, the size of the cord or
twisted fibre produced can be varied. Whatever the size cord produced it can be
wound on spindles or reels in the usual manner,
נים
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in and connected with the Spinning of Fibrous
Materials.
A communication from abroad by EMILE LHOMME, of 175, Rue Saint Honoré,
Paris, in the French Republic, Engineer.
I, PHILIP MIDDLETON JUSTICE of 55 and 56 Chancery Lane in the County
of Middlesex, Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Patent Agents do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement:—
This invention relates to the spinning of fibrous materials and by its aid
materials having but a short fibre, such as peat, cow-hair, waste and the like or a
mixture of these or like substances may be spun directly from a mass into threads
or cords of a predetermined size.
The invention may be carried out with an ordinary carding machine in
conjunction with the additions and improvements, the nature of which is herein-
after set forth.
The material instead of being submitted as in ordinary spinning to the usual
apparatuses which divide it longitudinally in several parts of which each one is

page_text: twisted individually is taken from the doffing cylinder by a comb having a
reciprocating notion towards and from the cylinder, the material so taken being
gradually formed into a roll or mass by the aid of a roller located close to the
comb and revolving in the same direction as the doffing cylinder before referred to.
The material so accumulated is drawn out by the action of side rollers practically
in the plane of its length through one or more revolving twisting, or spinning
wheels which may be formed with a hollow shaft and a bell mouthed opening
thereinto.
One or more twisting or spinning wheels and pairs of drawing rollers may be
placed at either end of the cylinder, but as a rule one set at either end will
generally be sufficient. By varying the size of the opening through the twisting
wheels and the speed of rotation of the various parts, the size of the cord or twisted
fibre produced can be varied. The cord produced may be wound on spindles or
reels in the usual manner.
In the case of cotton waste the material can be treated in a dry state i.e. without
a preliminary treatment with oil or a greasy body which would be necessary in
attempting to spin it by the ordinary process.
It is possible also in treating any of the materials capable of being treated as
hereinafter described to make a thread yarn or cord of the thickness or diameter
required by one operation instead of as usual making several threads and doubling
them to make the heavier numbers.
To clearly explain the invention reference is made to the accompanying drawings
in which
Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are respectively a section, an elevation and a plan of the
collecting, twisting and drawing portions of the apparatus the views being partially
diagrammatic.
Fig. 4 is an elevation of an ordinary form of wool carding engine having certain
improvements applied thereto for the purpose of carrying out the spinning of the
above described material.
Fig. 5 is an end view of same.
Fig. 6 is a plan and
Fig. 7 is a section of the twisting pulley.
Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3-1 is the doffing cylinder and 2 the doffing comb
which serves to remove the material 3 from the doffer. The sheet of material
detached by the comb 2 is prevented from advancing beyond a certain point by
means of the roller 4 which rotates in the same direction as the doffer and which
causes the sheet of material to accumulate in the form of the mass or roll 5 from
each end of which the material is drawn out by two pairs of rollers 6. 6 after having
been previously submitted to torsion by passing through the centres of pulleys 7. 7.
From the rollers 6 the drawn and twisted thread or sliver may be wound upon
spindles of any suitable kind. The twisting pulleys 7. 7 are in the same plane as
the mass 5 which has accumulated between the doffer 1 and roller 4. The sheet of
material is thus transformed directly into a thread from the time of its production
or formation into the roll 5. It will be evident that by causing the speed of
rotation of the drawing rollers 6. 6 to vary threads of different thicknesses can be
readily produced.
As shewn in the figures referred to the mass 5 is being drawn out from either
end but by drawing it out from one end only, a considerably thicker thread can be
produced, or by drawing it out from three or a greater number of places a number
of fine threads may be produced.
In Figs. 4 to 7 the principal cylinder 8 is mounted on the shaft 9 carried by the
· framework 10 and is driven by the fast pulley 11. The feeding apron 13 is
adapted to deliver the materials to the feed rolls 14, 14 from which it is taken by
the stripping and working rolls to the doffer 1 the sheet of material being detached
from the latter by the comb 2 which is attached to the shaft 15 mounted in the
bearings 16. 16 and receiving an oscillating movement by means of an arm 17
which is attached by a connecting rod 18 to a disc 19 keyed upon a shaft.

page_text: The shaft 20 receives movement from the driving shaft 9 by means of a belt
which passes around the pulleys 21, 22 the former being on the shaft 20 and the
latter on the main shaft.
The doffer 1 whose shaft 23 is mounted in the bearings 24. 24 receives its
movement in the ordinary way by means of the gear wheels 25. 26 driven by the
pulleys 27. 27 and belt 28.
The roller which collects the sheet 3 and causes it to accumulate in the form
of a mass 5 is mounted on a shaft 29 supported by bearings 30, 30 said shaft being
provided at one end with a gear wheel 31 which engages with a corresponding
wheel 32 secured on a shaft 33 mounted in bearings 34, of which only one is shewn.
The shaft 33 is fitted with a grooved pulley 35 driven by a rope 36 from a pulley 37
on the main shaft 9.
The twisting puller 7 shewn detached in Fig. 7 has a flaring month and receives
its motion from a rope 38 driven by a pulley 39 from the shaft 20.
The pulley 7 is mounted in some suitable support (which is not shewn) from
which it may be readily removed so that pulleys having central holes of varying
sizes may be substituted for the purpose of producing different sizes of threads the
torsion being proportionate always to the speed of rotation of the pulley.
The rollers 6, 6 (of which one set only is shewn in the machine being described)
serve to draw out the thread 40 after it has passed through the pulley 7 and are of
any ordinary construction. They are coupled together by gear wheels and are
suitably mounted and preferably operated from the shaft 33 by means of bevel
wheels or like gearing.
After having passed the drawing rollers the thread 40 is wound upon a horizontal
spindle or roller 41 the rotary movement of which is obtained by its friction against
a wooden roller 42 driven by any suitable means or the winding may be effected by
any other suitable apparatus.
In the spinning of peat, the fibrous parts are first separated from the material
and are then treated by washing drying beetling and hackling before being passed
to the carding machine.
It will be evident that the invention may be applied to or carried out on other
forms of machines and in other ways than those represented in the drawings and
my correspondent therefore does not limit himself thereto but
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, as communicated to me by
my foreign correspondent, I declare that what I claim is :-
1. The method of spinning fibrous materials consisting in producing a roll or
mass and then twisting and drawing same directly as a single operation without a
preliminary greasing or oiling substantially as described.
2. The method of spinning fibrous materials consisting in producing a mass 5
and then submitting same directly from one or both ends to a twisting and drawing
operation approximately on the same plaue as the length of the mass substantially
as described.
3. The method of spinning fibrous materials consisting in producing a mass 5 by
means of a doffing cylinder, reciprocating comb and roller 4, then submitting same
directly to a twisting and drawing operation from one or more ends or points
substantially as described.
4. In machines for spinning fibrous materials the combination with the doffing
cylinder and comb of a collecting roller 4 adapted to accumulate the material in a
mass and means for twisting and drawing said mass substantially as described.
5. The general arrangement and combination of parts forming the improved
apparatus for the collecting twisting and drawing of fibrous materials substantially
as described.
Dated this 4th dor of Tan1902