A Combined Measuring Rule, Pencil, Compasses, and Protractor.
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 27th Jan., 1894
StatCo
1001 Accented
26th Jan
1895
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
A Combined Measuring Rule, Pencil, Compasses, and Protractor.
I, WALTER JUDD of 88 Montpelier Road, Brighton, in the County of Sussex,
Electrician, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to a combination consisting of a measuring rule for linear
measure, a pencil for writing or drawing, compasses for describing circles or parts
of circles and a protractor for constructing or measuring angles.
In any technical employment the use of the above mentioned instruments is
constantly required and ordinarily they are used separately and the object of my
invention is to provide an apparatus which in a compact form combines the four
instruments named.
For this purpose I provide a hollow cylinder of any suitable material and which
may be of circular, oval, or any other section, which is divided longitudinally into
two parts which are connected together at one end by a hinge similar to that
ordinarily used in folding foot-rules, so that when the semi-cylinders are opened as
wide as possible the two adjacent ends will butt together and form a semi-
cylinder of twice the length of the original cylinder.
One edge of this semi-cylinder is divided and marked in any linear measure
desired.
One leg of the divided cylinder is fitted with a device to hold a pencil of suitable
size, which must be such as to allow the two legs to come close together and form
a closed cylinder. I prefer to use a thin split truncated cylinder of springy metal
in form somewhat similar to the barrel of a penholder which receives the wooden
stem.
This pencil holder should be more than a semi-cylinder and less than a full
cylinder and should be attached to the inner side of the leg. The pencil is then
pushed into this holder which acts as a spring clip and holds the pencil sufficiently
tight to prevent its slipping when in use.
The other leg of the dividing cylinder carries, in a suitable guide, on its inner
side, a pointed rod capable of being protruded and withdrawn in the direction of
the length of the cylinder. With this object the inner end of the pointed rod is
connected through a slot in the semi-cylinder with a button or thumbpiece on the
outside of the semi-cylinder; the said button or thumbpiece being made to grip the
curved side of the semi-cylinder by screw or spring action or by any other of
the well known means employed in ordinary pencil cases, for the purpose of
preventing the rod from slipping.
When the material forming the cylinder is very thin I sometimes, with the object
of avoiding the slipping and overlapping of the edges, proportion the dimensions of
the legs so that I can turn in the edges in the line of the diameter of the cylinder
so as to form a broader surface of abutment of the two legs, and in this case I
sometimes form the pencil clip by continuing these edges until they nearly meet.
When the pencil is inserted these edges yield, and by their pressure hold the pencil
in place.
With the pencil in one leg and the pointed rod in the other leg, it is plain that
the invention, as so far described, is available as a rule for linear measure, as a
writing or drawing pencil, and as a pair of compasses.
I further provide a cylindrical point protector, which slips on the hollow cylinder,

page_text: holding the legs together and protecting the point of the pencil. This protector
has an arch across the outer end of such dimensions that it exactly fits one leg of
the cylinder, and the inner end is fitted with a straight edge or side of such a length
as to be not less than the diameter of the hollow cylinder.
If the above described arch is now applied to one leg of the divided cylinder so
that the body of the protector projects from the inner side of the leg, with the
straight edge preventing the protector from the entering the hollow of the other
leg, then it is obvious that, as the protector is pushed up towards the hinge, the two
legs will become more and more separated, the angle at the hinge being increased,
and for any given position of the sliding piece there will be a definite angular
distance between the legs. By marking these positions on either or both legs it is
obvious that any desired angle can be either constructed or measured, and I
therefore make such provision.
I also generally make the dimensions of the instrument and its parts such
that they may be definite fractions or multiples of such linear measure as may
be used.
For example: the point protector may be exactly one inch long.
A convenient length for the cylinder when closed is three inches, giving a
six inch rule when opened out, but, obviously, any convenient dimensions may
be adopted.
Dated this Twenty-fifth dow of Joner 1801
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
A Combined Measuring Rule, Pencil, Compasses, and Protractor.
I, WALTER JUDD, late of 88 Montpelier Road, Brighton, in the County of
Sussex, but now of Hong Kong China, Electrician and Manager to the Eastern
Extension Australasia and China Telegraph Co. Hong Kong, China, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
My invention relates to a combination consisting of a measuring rule for linear
measure, a pencil for writing or drawing, compasses for describing circles or parts
of circles, and a protractor for constructing or measuring angles.
In any technical employment the use of the above mentioned instruments is
constantly required and ordinarily they are used separately, and the object of my
invention is to provide an apparatus which in a compact form combines the four
instruments named.
In the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 shows the instrument closed with protective cap on.
Fig. 2 shows another view with protective cap off and pencil and compass points
projected.
Fig. 3 shows inside view of instrument opened to its full extent.
Fig. 4 is an end view of instrument with cap removed.
Fig. 5 shows instrument arranged for laying off angles by means of protecting
cap K.
AA are the two semicircular cylinders joined together by the stiff hinge B.
C is the divided edge for giving linear measure. D is the pencil holder. E the
pencil. F is the compass leg worked through slot G by means of thumbpiece H.
JJ are two guides for compass leg F. K is the protecting cap.
The hollow cylinder is made of any suitable material, and may be of circular,
oval, or any other section which is divided longitudinally into two parts A A, which
are connected together at one end by a hinge B similar to that ordinarily used in

page_text: folding foot-rules, so that when the semi-cylinders A A are opened as wide as
possible the two adjacent ends will butt together and form a semi-cylinder of twice
the length of the original cylinder.
One edge C of this semi-cylinder A A is divided and marked in any linear
measure desired.
One leg of the divided cylinder is fitted with a device D to hold a pencil of
suitable size, which must be such as to allow the two legs to come close together
and form a closed cylinder. I prefer to use a thin split truncated cylinder of
springy metal, in form somewhat similar to the barrel of a penholder which receives
the wooden stem E. This pencil holder should be more than a semi-cylinder
and less than a full cylinder, and should be attached to the inner side of
the leg.
The pencil E is then pushed into this holder D, which acts as a spring clip and
holds the pencil sufficiently tight to prevent its slipping when in use.
The other leg of the divided cylinder carries in suitable guides J J on its inner
side a pointed rod F capable of being protruded and withdrawn in the direction of
the length of the cylinder. With this object the inner end of the pointed rod is
connected through a slot G in the semi-cylinder with a button or thumbpiece Hon
the outside of the semi-cylinder; the said button or thumbpiece H being made to
grip the curved side of the semi-cylinder by screw or spring action or by any other
of the well known means employed in ordinary pencil cases, for the purpose of
preventing the rod from slipping.
When the
When the material forming the cylinder is very thin, I sometimes with the object of
avoiding the clipping and overlapping of the edges, proportion the dimensions of the
legs so that I can turn in the edges in the line of the diameter of the cylinder so as
to form a broader surface of abutment of the two legs, and in this case I sometimes
form the pencil clip by continuing these edges until they nearly meet.
pencil is inserted these edges yield, and by their pressure hold the pencil in place.
With the pencil E in one leg and the pointed rod F in the other leg, it is plain
that the invention as so far described, is available as a rule for linear measure, as a
writing or drawing pencil, and as a pair of compasses.
I further provide a cylindrical point protector K which slips on the hollow
cylinder, holding the legs together and protecting the point of the pencil. This
protector has an arch across the outer end of such dimensions that it exactly fits
one leg of the cylinder, and the inner end is fitted with a straight edge or side of
such a length as to be not less than the diameter of the hollow cylinder.
If the above described arch is now applied to one leg of the divided cylinder so
that the body of the protector projects from the inner side of the leg, with the
straight edge preventing the protector from entering the hollow of the other leg,
then it is obvious that as the protector K is pushed up towards the hinge B the two
legs will become more and more separated, the angle at the hinge B being increased,
and for any given position of the sliding piece there will be a definite angular
distance between the legs. By marking these positions on either or both legs it is
obvious that any desired angle can be either constructed or measured, and I
therefore make such provision.
1 also generally make the dimensions of the instrument and its parts such that
they may be definite fractions or multiples of such linear measure as may be
used.
For example, the point protector may be exactly one inch long.
A convenient length for the cylinder when closed is 3 inches, giving a 6 inch rule
when opened out, but obviously any convenient dimensions may be adopted.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:
1. The combination in a portable form of pencil, rule and compass, substantially
as shown and described.

page_text: 2. The combination in a portable form of pencil, rule, compass and protecting
cap substantially as shown and described.
3. The use of the cap in combination with a compass for reading angles substan-
tially as shown and described.
Dated this 16th day of January 1895.
ELLIOTT BROS.,
Agents for the Applicant.