Improvements in Reflectors for Cycle and other Lamps
Year: 1894

page_text: Date of Application, 2nd June, 1894
Complete Specification Left, 2nd Mar., 1895-Accepted, 6th Apr., 1895
PROVIDIŲNAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Reflectors for Cycle and other Lamps,
1, HARRY LUCAS, of "Tom Bowling" Lamp Works, Little King Street, in the
City of Birmingham, Lamp Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows:-
My invention relates to reflectors for cycle and other lamps, and my object is to
produce a shallow light reflector which shall approximate in optical effect to a deep
and therefore heavy reflector of true parabolic curvature.
My invention consists in combining together a metal reflector and a glass lens,
in such manner that a disc or concave metal reflector in combination with a glass
lens placed in front of it, but between the metal reflector and the illuminating
flame, directs the rays of light passing forward in approximate parallelism, so that
the whole or nearly the whole of the light impinging on the said reflector is
returned in a direction suitable to be collected by the usual lens in front of
the lamp.
In one method of carrying my invention into effect I construct a shallow metal
reflector of concave form, and I mount in front of it a double convex lens, a plano
convex lens, or a concave convex lens of suitable glass and of such proportions as
to curvature that the rays of light which strike the outer edge of the reflector
instead of being lost in the lamp are refracted in passing out of the glass lens in
such manner as to pass out of the lamp by way of the usual lens or glass in
front. By this combination of a metal reflector and a suitable lens, I am enabled
to collect a larger proportion of the light from the illuminating flame, and send it.
out of the lamp.
My metal reflector may be constructed separately from the lens and attached to
it in any convenient manner, or the back of the lens may be shaped so that when
silvered it forms in itself the metal reflector.
The lens however may be placed at greater or less distance from the reflector as
required by its configuration, the object being to send the rays of light away from
the combination of reflector and lens in a parallel or even slightly converging
direction. By my invention I am enabled to produce for cycle and like lamps
shallow reflector which has to a great degree the properties of a deep parabolic
reflector.
One feature of my invention thus consists in the combination of reflection and
refraction to produce the desired result.
Dated this 1st day of June 1901
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.

page_text: I, HARRY LUCAS, of Tom Bowling Lamp Works; Little King Street, in the
City of Birmingham, Lamp Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed; to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My invention relates to reflectors for cycle and other lanips, and my object is to
produce a shallow light reflector which shall approximate in optical effect to a deep
and therefore heavy reflector of true parabolic curvature.
My invention consists in combining together a metal reflector and'a glass lens,
in such manner that a disc or concave metal reflector in combination with a glass
lens placed in front of it but between the metal reflector and the illuminating
flame directs the rays of light passing forward in approximate parallelism so that
the whole or uearly the whole of the light impinging on the said reflector is
returned in a direction suitable to be collected by the usual lens in front of
the lamp.
In the accompanying sheet of explanatory drawings to be hereinafter referred
• to :-
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the lamp with the front opened.
Figure 2. is a vertical section through the lamp.
Figures 3 and 4 are detail views, representing one convenient method of forming
an elastic seating in the lens and reflector cap or casing.
The same reference letters in the different views indicate the same parts.
In carrying my invention into effect I preferably construct my lamp with a
hinged front A and make the roof and back detachable as shown at Figure 3.
I form the shallow metal reflector such as C of concave form and mount in front
of it within the screw cap D a double convex lens E, a plano convex lens,
or a concave convex lens of suitable glass and of such proportions as to curvature
that the rays of light which strike the outer edge of the reflector C instead of
being lost in the lamp are refracted in passing out of the glass lens E' in such a
manner, as to cause them to pass out of the lamp by way of the usual lens F or
front glass. By this combination of a metal reflector and a suitable lens I' am
enabled to collect and send out of the lamp a larger proportion of the light from
the illuminating flame G.
The metal reflector C may be constructed separately from the lens E, or the
back of the lens may be so shaped that when silvered it forms in itself the metal
.reflector...
I employ a spring or elastic washer or seating within the screw cap or casing D
to permit of expansion under the action of the heat generated in the lamp,
preferably by interposing a spring or elastic ring such as H between the lens and
the cap as illustrated- at Figures 3, and 4. In Figure 3 the cap D is in section in
order to show the position of the spring H in frout of the lens E.
The lens E may be placed at greater or less distance from the reflector C as
required by its configuration, the object being to send the rays of light away from
the combination of reflector and lenses in a parallel or even slightly converging
direction. By my invention I am enabled to produce for cycle and like lamps a
shallow reflector which has to a great degree the properties of a deep parabolic.
reflector.
One feature of my invention thus cousists in the combination of reflection and
refraction to produce the desired result.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
1. In cycle and other lamps the method of refracting the rays of reflected light
in such a manner as to cause them to pass out of the front lens or glass of the lamp
substantially as herein described.
2. In cycle and other lamps a metal reflector combined with a glass lens placed
in front of the said reflector, the lens being between the illuminating flame and
the reflector and so arranged as to retract the stray rays from the edge of the
reflector and send out of the lamp light which would otherwise be lost in the
lamp walls.
3. In cycle and other lamps, a glass lens with silvered or metallic film back to
act as combined reflector and refracting lens.
4. In cyle and other lamps, the combination of a front lens with a reflector and
lens at the back of the illuminating flame substantially as and for the purposes
herein before described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
5. In cycle and other lamps the use of a spring or elastic washer or seating
within the lens and reflector cap or casing substantially as and for the purposes
herein before described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
6. The improved construction and arrangement of a cycle or other lamp
substantially as and for the purposes herein described.
Dated this 1st day of March 1895.
MARKS & CLERK,
18, Southampton Buildings, London, W.C., and
13, Temple Street, Birmingham, Agents for the Applicant.