Improvements in or relating to the Valves and Valve-gear of Fluid Pressure Engines.
Year: 1899

page_text: Date of Application, 21st July, 1899
Complete Specification Left, 6th Mar., 1900-Accepted, 7th Apr., 1900
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to the Valves and Valve-gear of Fluid
Pressure Engines.
I, GEORGE SELLERS, M.I.M.E., of Owlerton, Sheffield, in the County of York,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
This invention relates to the valves and valve-gear of fluid pressure engines.
According to this invention in or near the end of the cylinder a sliding valve
is arranged to control the steam port; conveniently this valve may be a piston
valve fitting the extreme end of the 'main cylinder. The valve is controllable
by any convenient means such as by linkages or other gear, but preferably by
means of a fappet or extension of the main piston rod so that the steam valve
will be caused to sharply close the port at the desired point in the travel of the
main piston. The exhaust is controlled. by ports in the main cylinder wall
uncovered by the main piston towards the end of its stroke.
Admission is
governed by the main piston which is caused to return the sliding valve into
its initial position as the main piston returns, so that it will admit the steam and
will be placed in readiness for the succeeding operation of the extension or
tappet or other operating device.
The extension or tappet is preferably adjustable on the rod so that the point
at which it operates to effect cut-off may be varied as desired.
Where the engine has two or more cylinders, which may be in line or arranged
radially, the extension from the main piston rod of one cylinder can be caused to
operate the valves of the companion cylinder or cylinders and the cut-off and
amount of port opening in those other cylinders may be different from the cut-
off and port opening in the first named cylinder.
1
If desired the sliding valve can be arranged not only to close the inlet but also.
to open the exhaust, which can be arranged to pass round or through the piston
valve if desired to the exhaust passage.
Taal 1 01
T..l.. 1000
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicant.
Improvements in or relating to the Valves and Valve-gear of Fluid
Pressure Engines.
I, GEORGE SELLERS. M.I.M.E., of Owlerton, Sheffield, in the County of York,
Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the;
same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement:-
This invention relates to the valves and calendar of fluid vocemia anitinad

page_text: According to this invention in or near the end of the cylinder a sliding valve
is arranged to control the steam port; conveniently this valve may be a piston
valve fitting the extreme end of the main cylinder. The valve is controllable
by any convenient means such as by linkages or other gear, but preferably by
means of a tappet or extension of the main piston rod so that the steam valve
will be caused to sharply close the port at the desired point in the travel of the
main piston. The exhaust is controlled by ports in the main cylinder wall
uncovered by the main piston towards the end of its stroke. Admission is
governed by the main piston which is caused to return the sliding valve into
its initial position as the main piston returns, so that it will admit the steam and
will be placed in readiness for the succeeding operation of the extension or
tappet or other operating device.
The extension or tappet is preferably adjustable on the rod so that the point
at which it operates to effect cut-off may be varied as desired.
Where the engine has two or more cylinders, which may be in line or arranged
radially, the extension from the main piston rod of one cylinder can be caused to
operate the valves of the companion cylinder or cylinders and the cut-off and
amount of port opening in those other cylinders may be different from the cut-
off and port opening in the first named cylinder.
If desired the sliding valve can be arranged not only to close the inlet but also
to open the exhaust, which can be arranged to pass round or through the piston
valve if desired to the exhaust passage.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is an elevation partly in section of an engine constructed according
to this invention,
'
Figure 2 is a plan of Figure 1, also partly in section, and
Figure 3 is an elevation partly in section of a modification.
Like letters indicate like parts through the drawings.
In carrying out this invention a casting A of any suitable design is provided,
comprising two or more cylinders A which may be arranged radially or in line.
The cylinders A are provided with liners B within which reciprocate trunk
pistons C. The pistons are connected to a common crank 1) on the crank shaft I)'
by means of the usual connecting rods E.
The cylinders are provided with admission ports Fat one end and exhaust
ports G at the other, the exhaust ports communicating with the crank chamber Aª
formed in the casting A; the shaft D preferably passes out of the crank
chamber A through a stuffing box A. The pistons Care provided at their rear
ends with extensions or tappets H which may be adjustable and reciprocate in
recesses provided in the cylinder cover i.
At the rear ends of the cylinders, valves K are arranged through which the
extensions H pass. These valves are preferably circular and are adapted to be
moved axially within the sleeve B so as to open and close the admission ports F.
Perforations K are preferably formed in the valves K in order to prevent the
pressure of steam within the sleeve B from returning them to their original
position after they have been advanced as hereinafter described. The extensions H
are provided with collars or enlargements H at their ends so arranged as to move
the valves K to close the admission ports F at the required position of the piston.
The exhaust ports G are uncovered by the pistons themselves. An exhaust pipe G¹
leads from the crank axle chamber A² to the condenser, low pressure cylinder or
the like.
The operation of this engine is as follows:--
Assuming the admission ports of the left-hand cylinder to be open, steam will
enter the cylinder and the piston C will move outwards in- the usual manner.
The admission port F will be closed by the valve K when moved by the collar H¹
on the extension H. The piston continuing to move under the expansion of the
steam will uncover the exhaust port G closing it again on the return stroke;
on arriving towards the rear end of the cylinder, the piston will come into contact

page_text: with the valve K and move it back into its original position, thus re-opening the
port and admitting steam for the next stroke. The operation of the right-hand
cylinder where the cylinders are arranged in line is similar to that already
described, the parts, however, being arranged so that steam is admitted to one
cylinder while the other is exhausting. The cut off may be regulated by
means of the adjustable extension H.
In the modification iilustrated in Figure 3 there are two cylinders A' arranged
in line as in the previous example, and connected in a similar manner to a
common crank. In this figure a third cylinder A is provided and arranged to
receive the exhaust steam from the high pressure cylinders A¹: the piston of the
cylinder A is preferably arranged to operate the same crank D as the pistons of
the other two cylinders. The valves of the low pressure cylinder At may con-
veniently be operated by means of an eccentric D on the crank shaft D outside
the frame A. The admission ports F are arranged to extend preferably about one
third around the circumference of the cylinders A' and the exhaust ports G are
made at the same end of the cylinder as the admission ports, and also extend for
about a similar distance round the cylinder. The valves K are also at this end
of the cylinder and in their axial movement along it are adapted to open and close
both the admission ports F and the exhaust ports G. The valves K moreover form
the cylinder cover, that is to say, the steam exerts its pressure within each
cylinder between the valve K and the piston C, the valve being prevented from
being blown out of the cylinder by any convenient means, such as a flange or
stop on the cylinders. Caps L are preferably secured to the ends of the cylinders
and the space enclosed by them acts as the exhaust chamber, the exhaust pipes Gl
being connected to the caps L. Bent levers M are pivotted within the exhaust
chamber, the free ends bearing against the outer surface of the valves K. The
two bent levers M are connected with one another by means of the arms M¹ and
connecting rod M². The exhaust port G communicates with a recess G2 within the
wall of the cylinder A', and this recess communicates again with the interior of
the cylinder through openings in the liner B at points G³ in rear of the admission
ports F.
The operation of this engine is as follows:-
Steam is admitted to the left-hand cylinder and the piston in this cylinder is
thereby caused to move towards the crank in the usual manner, the connections
of the two valves being so arranged that the valve of the right-hand cylinder
will be in an advanced position opening the exhaust port and closing the
admission port. As the left-hand piston advances that in the right-hand cylinder
will move in the same direction and as it arrives towards the rear end of its
cylinder will move its valve K so as to close the exhaust and open the admission
port. This movement of the right-hand valve however will, by means of the
arms M and rod M², cause the left-hand valve to be operated in an opposite
manner, that is to say to close the admission port F and to, place the exhaust
port G in communication with the pipe G by means of the recess G², opening G
and cap L. Steam will thus be admitted to the right-hand cylinder until the
left-hand piston moves its valve to admit steam on the left-hand side and to cut
it off and open to exhaust on the right side.
Instead of admitting high pressure steam to both the cylinders A', if desired
the exhaust from one of them may be led into the other arranged to constitute an
"intermediate" cylinder and the exhaust from this cylinder may be led to the
low pressure cylinder A or the exhaust from both may be led into the low.
pressure cylinder A.
As a further modification an engine may be constructed according to this
invention provided with a single cylinder. If the arrangement of valve described
with reference to Figures 1 and 2 is employed no further alteration will be
necessary, but if the valve illustrated in Figure 3 is used the rod M² is arranged
to be operated by any moving part of the engine, such as by the crank.

page_text: Haying now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed I declare that what
I claim is-
1. In a fluid pressure engine the combination with a reciprocating piston of a
valve such as K within the cylinder and operated by the piston or by an exten-
sion thereof substantially as described.
2. In a fluid pressure engine the combination with a reciprocating piston of a
valve such as K within the cylinder operated by an adjustable extension of the
piston substantially as described.
3. In a fluid pressure engine the combination of a cylinder a piston, a valve
such as K in the cylinder, a cylinder cover having a recess in it and an extension
of the piston reciprocating in the recess and operating the valve disc substantially
as described.
4. In a cylinder for a fluid pressure engine the combination with an admission
port at or near one end of an exhaust port at or near the other end the admission
port being controlled by a valve such as K moved by the piston or an extension
thereof, substantially as described.
5. In a fluid pressure engine the combination with a cylinder containing a
reciprocating piston of an axially movable valve such as K forming the cylinder
cover substantially as described.
6. In a fluid pressure engine the combination with a cylinder of a reciprocating
piston and an axially movable valve such as K forming the cylinder cover and
operated by the piston and by a connection from a moving part of the engine
substantially as described.
7. In a fluid pressure engine the combination with two cylinders of an axially
movable valve such as K and a piston in each cylinder and a connection such
as M M M² whereby the operation of one valve by the piston in the same cylinder
will cause the simultaneous operation of the valve in the other cylinder.
S. The complete valve and valve operating mechanism for a fluid pressure.
engine substantially as described and illustrated in Figures and or 111
Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
9. The complete fluid pressure engine substantially as described or illustrated
in Figures 1 and 2 or in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
TXIKI HIS BITHY
VAYON INHU
GEORGE SELLERS,
Boult, Wade & Kilburn,
Agents for the Applicant?