matthewleechen/300YearsOfBritishPatents huggingface dataset:
A HEAD- REST SUITABLE FOR KEEPING THE HEAD IN A COMFORTABLE POSITION IN TRAVELLING, SITTING, OP LYING DOWN
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Gilbert Stanton Fleming at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
29th August 1859.
I, GILBERT STANTON FLEMING, of 498, New Oxford Street, in the County of
Middlesex, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A HEAD-
REST SUITABLE FOR KEEPING THE HEAD IN A COMFORTABLE POSITION IN TRAVELLING,
SITTING, OP LYING DOWN," to be as follows:-
The object of this Invention is to be able to rest the head comfortably
in whatever position it may be laid, and is effected in the following manner :-
I propose using a semicircular band of elastic material, such as thin steel
covered with suitable material and padded inside. On the outside of this
spring is rivetted or otherwise firmly secured another smaller spring also of a
semicircular form, but somewhat shorter, the ends thereof being slightly
rounded. To the ends of the first-mentioned spring is fastened a tape of silk
or light elastic material for the purpose of keeping the spring upon the head
when in position. This can be worn at the back of the head when in a sitting
posture, or at the side; for instance, a person travelling by rail may obtain
sound sleep in a carriage by using one of these instruments, either by leaning
the head back, or on one side, without the unpleasantness of the head falling
from side to side. It will also be found of great service to invalids.
IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS FOR GATHERING AND DESTROYING WEEDS AND STUBBLE
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Bentley at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd Sep-
tember 1859.
I, THOMAS BENTLEY, of Margate, in the County of Kent, Ironmonger, do
hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN AGRICULTURAL
IMPLEMENTS FOR GATHERING AND DESTROYING WEEDS AND STUBBLE," to be as
follows:-
This Invention has for its object arrangements of apparatus suitable for
moving over the surface of land in order to gather, burn, and thus destroy the
weeds and stubble thereon, and such apparatus may be used in combination
with agricultural implements, such as horse hoes, scarifiers, or similar imple-
ments for cleaning land, or for gathering and collecting weeds, stubble, or
other similar refuse from the surface of land. The weeds, stubble, or other
matters, as they are collected, cut, or uprooted, are gathered and conducted by
the apparatus into a suitable receiver or furnace, where they are burnt or
partially consumed, the products resulting therefrom being uniformly distri-
buted over the land during the progressive movement of the machine, thus
effecting a great saving of time and labour in collecting the weeds or other
matters into heaps to be burnt as heretofore practised. In carrying out my
Invention, I arrange a series of hoes or scarifiers in a frame mounted on
wheels. Near the arms which carry such hoes a roller is supported in suitable
bearings on the framing of the machine, such roller having spikes or teeth
which, in their rotation, take up or lift the weeds, stubble, or other matters as

page_text: they collect in front of the hoes into a position to be taken and received by
the spikes or teeth of an endless band or of a series of rollers, and conduct
them into a position to fall on to an incline, from which they pass into a
chamber or furnace, where they are burnt or partially consumed, the com-
bustion, when necessary, being aided by a blast from a fan. The motion to
the fan, and to the apparatus for raising the weeds or other matters being
obtained from the main axis by the onward movement of the machine. My
Invention is also applicable to that class of agricultural machines which simply
rake up or collect the weeds and stubble together after being cut or uprooted;
and I would remark, that machines of the above description may have draft
applied thereto either by horse or steam power.
AN AROMAL ELECTRIC. GIRDLE
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Alphonse Mosselman at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st December
1859.
I, ALPHONSE MOSSELMAN, of Rue Saint Ghislain, No. 17, Gentleman, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN AROMAL ELECTRIC.
GIRDLE," to be as follows:-
This electrical girdle is intended to protect those who wear it against sea
sickness; it is made of Russian leather, and provided with an electro-galvanic
battery, composed of a copper box or case half filled with zinc filings, into
which two positive and negative electrodes enter, forming both ends of a
circuit of copper and zinc; flattened spiral wires are lodged under the leather.
For setting the said battery into action a few drops of sea water are introduced
into the copper case.
AN IMPROVED LUBRI- CATING COMPOUND
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Simon de Cazenave at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
April 1859.
I, SIMON DE CAZENAVE, of 189, Regent Street, in the County of Middlesex,
5 do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "AN IMPROVED LUBRI-
CATING COMPOUND," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the production of an improved lubricating
compound. For this purpose I mix together ol. ricini or castor oil,. soft or
potassa soap, palm oil, and virgin or American rosin, and melt. them at as low
a temperature as possible. I then add in a finely powdered state bichloride
of mercury and pumicestone, and well mix and incorporate the whole while
warm.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John William Parker Field at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
September 1859.
I, JOHN WILLIAM PARKER FIELD, of 233, High Holborn, in the County
of Middlesex, Gun Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS," to be as follows:-
These improvements relate to a certain Invention patented by Alfred
Vincent Newton on the First day of April, A.D. 1857, as a communication,
under the name and title of "Certain Improvements in Fire-arms," and
consist,
First, in a new mode of operating the bolt e for securing the breech
chamber in line, as described in the Specification to said Patent, by which the
operating apparatus is arranged so that besides other advantages the necessity
for cutting away and thereby weakening the gun stock required by the method
mentioned in said Specification is obviated. In my improvement the bolt is
shot forward by the action of a wedge-formed, inclined, or curved surface
upon a slotted incline or curved surface made in the bolt or otherwise con-
nected to it. The acting wedge is attached to an upright rod or bar, the head
of which is depressed sufficiently to effect the required action by an impulse
received from a projection constructed on the hammer for the purpose, as the
hammer is falling to explode the primer. To bring back the bolt when the
pressure is removed, to be ready for a new propulsion, a straight or spiral
spring or other device may be employed to act directly on the bolt, or upon a
reverse incline on the rod or bar operating upon an incline in the bolt.

page_text: Second, the introduction of a screw at the under part of the chamber or
breech, and through the breech into the interior of the chamber, so that its
screw end shall extend near to and over, but not touch the external curved
face of the "tubular bolt valve," for the purpose of preventing the latter from
falling out or being withdrawn from the chamber unnecessarily.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN SCREW WRENCHES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Gray at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th February
1859. A communication from Joseph Hyde, of New York, in the
United States of America.
I, GEORGE GRAY, of the City of New York, in the United States of America,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT
IN SCREW WRENCHES," (a communication from Joseph Hyde, of New York
aforesaid,) to be as follows:-
The first part of my Invention has for its object the obviating the necessity
of continually turning the thumb-screw now in general use when requiring to
open the jaws of the wrench, and is effected in the following manner :-
The short threaded screw which gears into the bar revolves on a shaft, the
end of which shaft is made with a projecting thumb-piece, having a centre
pin passing through both and on one side of the shaft, so that by moving the
eccentric shaft round half a revolution, the short screw is raised out of gear,
thereby allowing the jaws to be opened to their fullest extent without the trouble
of the continuous motion of the screw, which is merely pushed into gear for the
purpose of tightening the object to be held.
When any article of a cylindrical form, such as a round bar or tube is
required to be held firmly, an auxiliary jaw or gripper in the centre of the
lower or sliding jaw is caused to bite on the rod or bar by turning the shank
of the wrench in the usual direction, the auxiliary jaw or gripper moving on a
pin or trunnions at its lower extremity, by which means the point of the
gripper leaves the surface of the ordinary jaw, and inclines slightly towards the
upper jaw, thereby preventing the possibility of the rod or bar slipping.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OMNIBUSES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Harry Arthur Cooke at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd May
1859
I, HARRY ARTHUR COOKE, of Chancery Lane, in the County of Middlesex,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
OMNIBUSES," to be as follows (that is to say) :-
My Invention, having reference to improvements in omnibuses by which the
outside passengers are more effectually sheltered from the effects of the weather
than hitherto, consists in supporting above the roof, through the medium of a
suitable pole or standard, a rectangular ribbed framework, covered or provided
with light water and fireproof fabric, or other suitable flexible material, so as
to open and close in like manner to an umbrella, and admit of being readily
used as an awning, and stowed away when not required, the said awning or
covering being extended over the box seat and doorway through the medium
of bracket standards.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SIZE FOR STIFFENING, FINISHING, AND DRESSING WOVEN FABRICS AND YARNS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Sellars at the Office of the
Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 17th December
1859.
I, JOHN SELLARS, of the City of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SIZE FOR STIFFENING, FINISHING,
AND DRESSING WOVEN FABRICS AND YARNS," to be as follows:-
I mix resin with alkali in such proportions as will cause the alkali, whether
it be salts of soda, potash, or any preparations of alkali to dissolve the requisite
quantity of resin, so as to cause the earthy or mineral matter, starch, or
amylaceous ingredients to adhere to the fabrics or yarns, thus forming or con-
stituting a better and cheaper size applicable to sizing, stiffening, finishing,
and dressing. For some purposes the said improved size may be mixed with
flour, rice, gums, or similar substances.
A NEW WEAVING Loom
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Edouard Fourmaux at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 2nd July
1859.
I, EDOUARD FOURMAUX, junior, of Provin, in the Department of the North,
Empire of France, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
"A NEW WEAVING Loom," to be as follows:-
By the use of my improved loom a workman may manufacture at one
and the same time two pieces or cloths of the same stuff, or of different
materials. This is effected by enabling the workman, by the same movement,
to command two shuttles, and by a combination of the pedals by which they
may be motived by the same workman without trouble or fatigue. The
shuttles are placed in the usual position, but are combined with rollers in
such wise, that the cords which give motion to the shuttles centering at one
point may be properly worked by one handle. The pedals, instead of being
placed in the centre of the stuff to be woven, as is usual, are in my loom
placed between the two parts of the loom, and consequently between the two
pieces to be woven, the workman may therefore proceed as if he were weaving
but one piece of stuff. I produce the oscillation of the woof holder by the
use of an iron rod, and employ a regulator in rolling the stuff as it is woven.
In weaving two stuffs of different material at one time, it is only necessary
to prepare the two parts of my loom as if they were distinct looms.
THE EMPLOYMENT OF THE "TACCA PINATIFIDA" AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR STRAW NOW USED IN VARIOUS MANU- FACTURES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Jean Gaspard Meyer at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
4th November 1859.
I, JEAN GASPARD MEYER, of Paris, in the French Empire, Merchant, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE EMPLOYMENT OF THE
"TACCA PINATIFIDA" AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR STRAW NOW USED IN VARIOUS MANU-
FACTURES," to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in the employment, in lieu of the ordinary straw,
of straw known as pia (tacca pinatifida.) This pia straw is whiter, lighter,
and more brilliant than that usually manufactured, and neither becomes
yellow, nor is its color affected by the sun.
CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN BEARINGS OR JOURNALS EMPLOYED IN MACHINERY, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE BEARINGS OF RAILWAY AND OTHER WHEELS AND AXLES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William James Gradwell and
David Gradwell at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 20th July 1859.
We, WILLIAM JANES GRADWELL, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster,
Mechanic, and DAVID GRADWELL, of the same Place, Maker up and Packer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN BEARINGS OR JOURNALS EMPLOYED IN MACHINERY, WHICH IMPROVEMENTS
ARE ALSO APPLICABLE TO THE BEARINGS OF RAILWAY AND OTHER WHEELS AND
AXLES," to be as follows:-
Our improvements are designed for the purpose of diminishing friction
between bearing surfaces, such as in journals or bearings employed to support
shafting, axle boxes, sliding surfaces, as in planing machines, or in any other
situation where two surfaces come into frictional contact. The improvements
consist in a novel and peculiar arrangement of antifriction bowls or rollers for
the said purpose, any required number of which are arranged around the shaft
or axle, and revolve loosely in two supporting discs or framings, and are
enclosed within a cylindrical box which forms a bearing for the whole, so that
the shaft bears and revolves upon the bowls or rollers, and the bowls revolve
around and with the shaft (by contact), and bear upon the interior surface of
the cylindrical bearing or box, so that the friction between the shaft and
bearing is greatly reduced by the interposition of the series of bowls which

page_text: partake of the two motions round their own axes, and also round the shaft.
A slight modification may be made by employing one disc or frame in the
centre, and grooving the bowls in the middle of their length to allow them to
fit into the said circular frame.
THE PREPARATION OF A SUBSTITUTE FOR GUNPOWDER
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Friedrich Hochstaetter and Hein-
rich Hochstaetter at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 17th December 1859.
We, FRIEDRICH HOCHSTAETTER and HEINRICH HOCHSTABTTER, of Gresham
Street, City, do hereby declare the nature of the Invention for "THE
PREPARATION OF A SUBSTITUTE FOR GUNPOWDER," to be as follows:-
This Invention has for its object the preparation of a substitute for gunpowder.
For this purpose we mix together,-1, chlorate of potash or other chlorate, or
the chlorite of lead (PbO, CIO,); 2, nitrate of potash, nitrate of soda, or
other nitrate; 3, charcoal or sulphur, or a metallic sulphuret. This com-
position we mix with water, and we saturate with it paper or other vegetable
substance, which, when dry, is suitable for use in place of gunpowder. In
some cases we reduce the prepared paper or vegetable substance to small
grains; it may, however, be used when simply rolled together.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SOAP
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by James Philp at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th August
1859. A communication from abroad by Professor Packer, residing at
Newark, United States.
I, JAMES PHILP, of Camden Town, in the County of Middlesex, Gentleman,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE
MANUFACTURE OF SOAP," (communicated to me from abroad by Professor
Packer, residing at Newark, United States,) to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in manufacturing soap from the following ingre-
dients-Tallow or other fat, crystallized soda of commerce, gum arabec, and
gum dragon, or other similar gums, and water; melt and mix the whole. For
toilet soap I take tallow or other fat, borax, and gum.
IMPROVEMENTS IN BREECH-LOADING AND OTHER FIRE-ARMS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Wilson at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 31st January
1859.
I, THOMAS WILSON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
BREECH-LOADING AND OTHER FIRE-ARMS," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists, firstly, of the following methods of constructing the
breech end of breech-loading fire-arms:-I attach to the rear end of the barrel
a tube or breech, in which said breech I fit a plug; the said plug is provided.
with helical ribs or projections which act against lugs or projections inside
and near. the end of the breech. To the outer or free end of the plug I attach
a lever, by the aid of which lever the plug may be made to perform a partial:
rotation. By the said partial rotation the said plug may be made to advance
into and retire from the breech, and thus close or open the barrel for discharge
or for charging. After the introduction of the charge, and when the plug has-
advanced to the full extent into the breech, the ends of the helical ribs or
projections engage with or abut against the front faces of the lugs or pro-
jections in the breech, and the plug is thus firmly held in its place during the-
discharge of the gun. In the conical end of the plug a ring of soft metal is
inserted, which ring being expanded during, the discharge, prevents the escape
of gas. I sometimes make the plug without helical projections. In this case.
the plug has a nearly cylindrical figure, and is slit up its middle; a lever is
jointed to the slit end of the plug, and after the plug has been pushed home

page_text: the lever is turned over so as to lie upon the breech of the barrel; a cotter on
the end of the said lever entering the opening in the breech at which the
charge is introduced, the said cotter aiding to fix the plug during the
discharge. The form of the end of the lever which is jointed to the plug is
such that when the lever is brought into the position last described, the slit
end of the plug is expanded, so as to engage with or abut against openings
or projections formed in the breech, and thereby to become firmly fixed during
discharge.
My Invention consists, secondly, in the following method of constructing
the locks of fire-arms :-Instead of fixing the cock or hammer on the tumbler
shank as usual, I make the cock move on a separate axis formed on the lock
plate. I connect the spring to the cock by a lever, one end of the said lever
being attached to the spring, and the other to the cock at a point somewhat
excentric to its own axis. By this method of construction a longer and lower
spring may be employed than in the ordinary construction, and an easier
action obtained.
IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP-COCKS OR VALVES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Piercy Henderson at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
14th October 1859.
I, JOHN PIERCY HENDERSON, of Summerford House, in the County of
Stirling, North Britain, Manufacturing Chemist, do hereby declare the nature
of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN STOP-COCKS OR VALVES," to be as
follows, that is to say :-
This Invention relates to the arrangement and construction of stop-cocks
or valves of various kinds, as used for discharging and suspending the flow of
liquids. Under one modification the improved stop-cock or valve mainly
consists of two sectional portions of a valve chamber bolted, screwed, or
otherwise attached together to form a solid chamber. One sectional portion
of this main shell forms the inlet, from the source of supply being formed with
a horizontal pipe or thoroughfare for this purpose. The inner flange face of
this portion is accurately faced up to form the inlet seat of the valve. The
other sectional portion of the main shell is of a wider bore, and it forms the
actual receiving chamber for the liquid, which passes off from it by a lateral
and vertically descending pipe or discharge outlet. The front or outer end of
this portion of the main shell is bored out in the centre and screwed interiorly
to receive a horizontal screwed spindle which works through it as through a
fixed nut. This spindle projects out of the shell and is long enough to receive
an actuating lever or other detail for turning it by, or instead of using a
screwed spindle a plain spindle may be adopted to be worked by direct

page_text: endlong pressure, or in any other convenient way. The inner end of this
spindle is formed with an end flange or piston piece forced on its extreme
outer end with a disc of caoutchouc or other suitable material, whilst on its
inner face, or that part which joins the spindle, there is a second elastic disc
or annular facing piece. The outer disc, when the valve is closed, hears hard
against the face of the inlet portion of the main shell, thus completely
stopping the flow of water, whilst when the spindle is drawn back, this elastic
face is withdrawn from the stationary metal face and the liquid flows into the
receiving chamber, and thence away by the discharging branch. The object
of the inner or secondary elastic disc is to prevent the liquid from flowing off
past the actuating spindle by coming up against a faced shoulder in that
section of the main shell. In this way the elastic face action is duplex, that is
to say, one such face action opens and closes the water way, whilst the other
acts as a stuffing box for preventing liquid escape during the discharge through
the stop-cock.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GALLOONS, TAPES, OR RIBBONS FOR SUPPORTING STEEL OR OTHER HOOPS USED FOR DISTENDING LADIES' DRESSES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Myron Holley Chapin at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th
July 1859.
I, MYRON HOLLEY CHAPIN, of Boston, in the State of Massachusetts, in the
United States of America, but now residing in Manchester, in the County of
Lancaster, Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention
for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GALLOONS, TAPES, OR RIBBONS FOR
SUPPORTING STEEL OR OTHER HOOPS USED FOR DISTENDING LADIES' DRESSES,"
to be as follows:-
My Invention relates to the production of galloons, tapes, or ribbons with
double parts constituting tubes for the reception of steel or other hoops, and
consists in weaving them side by side and joined together, but capable of
separation, that is, I weave a piece of cloth after the manner of a calico or
other fabric, but with double portions and with selvages at required intervals,
so that the said fabric being cut into strips, will afford a number of tapes with
double portions or tubes for the hoops and with complete edges.
IMPROVEMENTS IN ROCKET GUNS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Walker at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th April 1859.
-A communication to me from Bridge Town, in the Island of Barbadoes,
by Thomas Welcome Roys, of the Town of Southampton, Long Island,
in the State of New York, one of the United States of America, Master
Mariner, a Citizen of the United States of America.
I, WILLIAM WALKER, of Liverpool, in the County of Lancaster, Patent
Agent, do hereby declare the nature of the said. Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN ROCKET GUNS," as communicated to me from Bridge Town, in the Island of
Barbadoes, by Thomas Welcome Roys, of the Town of Southampton,
Long Island, in the State of New York, one of the United States of America,
Master Mariner, a Citizen of the United States of America, to be as follows,
(that is to say):-
These improvements relate to the construction of rocket guns and their
appendages, so that they may be fired from the shoulder, without inconvenience
or danger from the back fire of the rocket, either at the front or rear of the
gun, and consist in constructing rocket guns with the rear of the breach end
closed, and allowing the back fire of the rocket to escape through an opening
or openings on the top of the barrel, in place of the rear, as now practised.
And in fitting to the fore end or muzzle of the barrel a jointed curtain
or flanch, of say about fourteen inches diameter, which is hinged so as to be
let down across the muzzle of the gun during the time of taking aim,
but which rises up as the rocket leaves the gun, and effectually prevents

page_text: the back fire of the rocket from acting in the rear of the curtain or flange.
The lower portion of this curtain may be fixed stationary to the under side of
the fore part of the gun tube, and the upper jointed, so as to enable it to be
folded down during the time of taking aim; or in some cases it may be found
advantageous to fit the flanch or curtain described in one piece, and fix it
rigidly across and transversely to the line of the barrel at the front, or at any
other convenient point in rear thereof, in which case a sight hole or tube, closed
by a glass, would require to be applied, to enable the operator to take his aim.
By the foregoing arrangements, it has been found from actual experiment
that, by means of a gun so constructed and fitted, twelve pounds rockets may
be fired from the shoulder, without any inconvenience from the back fire
or otherwise.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SIDEBOARDS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Charles Kisky and William Jones
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with their Petition, on the
15th August 1859.
We, CHARLES KISKY, of King Street, Camden Town, in the County of
Middlesex, Cabinet Maker, and WILLIAM JONES, of Howland Street, Fitzroy
Square, in the same County, Builder, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SIDEBOARDS," to be as
follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel construction of sideboard which admits of
being readily converted into a bagatelle table, and which is also fitted in the
division set apart for the cellaret with a means for facilitating access to the
decanters or bottles contained therein.
The frame of the sideboard, which is supported by the pedestals or under
part, and usually contains drawers, we fit, in lieu of these drawers, with a sliding
bagatelle board, which is covered over and shut in by a hinged cover forming
the top of the sideboard. By raising this cover the bagatelle board is exposed
to view, and it may then be drawn out laterally in the parallel guides which
support it sufficiently far to prevent the player from being incommoded by the
proximity of the wall against which the sideboard may stand.
The improvement in the cellaret consists in substituting for the sliding
drawer which ordinarily constitutes the cellaret, a rotary stand or turntable
fitted with cups or recesses to receive the decanters or other vessels.
By this
arrangement it will only be necessary to turn the stand on its axis, and any

page_text: vessel which it carries can be brought to the front. In pedestal sideboards,
the napkin and other drawers, the place of which is occupied by the bagatelle
board, may be arranged, if required, under the board in the open space between
the pedestals.
THE PREPARATION AND MANUFACTURE OF A NEW FIBROUS PULP FOR MAKING PAPER AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Frederick Brown at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 15th July
1859.
I, FREDERICK BROWN, of City Road, in the County of Middlesex, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "THE PREPARATION AND
MANUFACTURE OF A NEW FIBROUS PULP FOR MAKING PAPER AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES," to be as follows; and consists in producing a fibrous pulp suitable
for the manufacture of paper and for other useful purposes from the leaves and
fruit, or any portion thereof, of the "citris" plant or tree, generally known
as the citron, the orange, and the lemon tree, and the different varieties
thereof.
I produce a fibrous pulp from the leaves or fruit of the "citris" plant or
tree, or from the varieties thereof, by steeping them in boiling water for half
an hour or thereabout. The mass is then put into the engine in hot water and
well washed; when it has become sufficiently clean, I put in clear lime water
& proceed with washing, and when perfectly clean and about half broken up,
remove it into the beating engine, or other suitable machine, to bruise or bent
it up into pulp in a weak solution of alkali in hot water. It may then be
bleached by chlorine of lime or other bleaching material or matter, and when
of a proper colour it is ready for use, either alone or mixed with other fibrous
substance.
A NEW MODE OR METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SHETLAND OR OTHER FALLS FROM THE STOCKING FRAME
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by George Bridgett at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 1st
October 1859.
I, GEORGE BRIDGETT, of Pilcher Gate, in the Town and County of the Town
of Nottingham, Lace Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "A NEW MODE OR METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SHETLAND OR OTHER
FALLS FROM THE STOCKING FRAME," to be as follows:―
Hitherto Shetland or other falls manufactured from the stocking frame have
all been produced of self colours, whereas my Invention consists in part in
introducing different colours so as to form stripes or other device when manu-
facturing the said falls, and so also as to give them a superior character and a
chaste and more finished appearance, and is as follows:-
In manufacturing falls as before stated, I, after working a certain time
with a thread of one colour, sever it, and apply a thread of another or different
colour, which operation I repeat as often as occasion may require or according
to the pattern or design intended to be produced.
I may mention that I produce a self-coloured border from the said frame, and
I. also manufacture a variegated border by the first-named operation, which
latter border I propose applying to a self-coloured body of a fall, or to the
body of a fall manufactured as first indicated.
AN IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY POR CLEANING RICE
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Wilson Ager at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 27th January
1859.
I, WILSON AGER, of Rhorsburg, in the County of Columbia, State of
Pennsylvania, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "AN IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY POR CLEANING RICE," to be
as follows:-
It consists in forcing a current of cool air through the body of the rice
during the cleaning operation of removing the inner pellicle in order to prevent
its heating while undergoing the operation.
This is accomplished in my improvements in machinery for cleaning rice,
and for which Letters Patent have heretofore been granted under the Great
Seal, by forcing by means of a condensing pump the current of air into the
cylinder, made hollow for this purpose, whence through small holes or perfora-
tions it is discharged at the exterior or rubbing surface, and passes through
the grain.
In other rice cleaning machinery the end may be effected by similar
arrangements.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE VENTILATION OF BUILDINGS, SHIPS, AND OTHER ENCLOSED PLACES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Stather at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 12th December
1859.
I, THOMAS STATHER, of Kingston-upon-Hull, Engineer, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE VENTILATION
OF BUILDINGS, SHIPS, AND OTHER ENCLOSED PLACES," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar mode of ventilating public buildings or
dwelling houses, ships, or other enclosed places, and consists in fitting a box,
open at both ends, and of any desired contour, in the upper part of the side or
in the ceiling of the building, ship, or place to be ventilated, such box being
made to communicate either with the external atmosphere or with the
chimney flue, and should be so disposed that one of its mouths in all cases will
be inwards or towards the apartment and the other towards the external
atmosphere or chimney flue. The mouth towards the external atmosphere or
chimney breast is contracted or partially closed. The inward mouth is also
partially closed, either by a central plate or by a portion of the box, whilst
the remaining uncovered portion of the larger or inward mouth is closed
in by finely perforated plates or wire gauze. The result is that should the
smoke from the chimney flue or the air from the outside enter the box it will
first strike the plate or portion of the box above referred to, and will expand
in the box, in which expanded state it will be overcome by the out-rushing
rarified air of the apartment, and consequently the inlet of smoke or cold
air is prevented, whilst the carbonic acid gas passes freely off and leaves the
room pure and healthy.
IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROTECTING PERSONS WHEN EMPLOYED IN CLEANING WINDOWS, PAINTING, OR WORKING AT THE EXTERIOR OF HOUSES AND SHIPS' SIDES, AND SUCH LIKE OPERATIONS, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR PURPOSES OF MILITARY AND OTHER OBSERVATION
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Albert John Davis at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 25th May
1859.
I, ALBERT JOHN DAVIS, of 29, George Street, Hanover Square, in the
County of Middlesex, Surgeon Dentist, do hereby declare the nature of the
said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN APPARATUS FOR PROTECTING PERSONS WHEN
EMPLOYED IN CLEANING WINDOWS, PAINTING, OR WORKING AT THE EXTERIOR OF
HOUSES AND SHIPS' SIDES, AND SUCH LIKE OPERATIONS, APPLICABLE ALSO FOR
PURPOSES OF MILITARY AND OTHER OBSERVATION," to be as follows:-
My apparatus consists of a slab, stage, or platform, provided with back and
sides, or fenced with balustrade pieces (which fold down over it when desired),
and resting on carrier bars or beams. When used for cleaning windows and
such like purposes, props or brackets are attached to it for bearing against the
outer side of the house or structure, and bars, legs, or props, are fitted to the
carrier bars for bearing against the inner side of the house or structure, being
adjustable to accommodate themselves to any dimension of ledge or other
place, which may preferably be done by forming them with slots or openings,
by which they slide over the carrier bars, and tightening them up by inserting
a wedge, bolt, or.key.
When employed for military observations and certain other purposes, these
outer brackets and inner legs (or their equivalents) may be dispensed with,
and the apparatus provided with rings or other appliances to suspend it from
ropes, chains, or other suitable agents, in order to hoist it to, lower it from,
and suspend it at the required position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN GOVERNORS FOR REGULATING THE SPEED OF MARINE AND OTHER ENGINES AND MACHINERY
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Thomas Meriton at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 29th
August 1859.
I, THOMAS MERITON, of 89, Pinnasberg, Saint Pauli, Hamburgh, Engineer,
do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
GOVERNORS FOR REGULATING THE SPEED OF MARINE AND OTHER ENGINES AND
MACHINERY," to be as follows:-
My Invention consists in the direct action of a momentum accumulated
more or less according to the speed of the motive machine, in a disc or
balance upon an incline or screw, or part of such, and which action is brought
to bear at once upon the regulation of the throttle or other valve or opening,
to be regulated without the intervention of a series of levers, links, or gearing
as in the common centrifugal ball governor.
In the accompanying Drawing, f is a shaft to which rotary motion is
imparted by the motive machinery. Upon this shaft is fixed a disc or
balance a; the extremities of this disc or balance a, or its periphery, are
provided with a rim or projections in order to add to its momentum, which is
necessarily produced by the revolution around its axis. In immediate con-
nection with the balance or disc is a cylinder or boss b, provided with one or
more inclined grooves or screw ways c, c, which are made to receive a cross-
head or lever piece d, which is moveable on the shaft f. To this crosshead d
is directly connected the sliding neck or collar, h, in combination with a

page_text: cylindrical piece 9, receiving the lever of the throttle or other valve, and
imparting motion thereto. The resistance against the action of the momentum
is here effected by a spiral or other spring placed either between the disc a
and crosshead or lever piece d, or behind the latter, or before the former, in
all of which cases it is so attached as to act in a direction contrary to that
imposed upon the sliding neck and cylindrical piece g, h, by the action of the
momentum of the balance or disc a. As the speed of revolution increases or
diminishes, so the force of action of the inclined grooves or screw ways c, c,
against the crosshead or lever piece d will increase or decrease, and thus
effect a corresponding regulative motion of the sliding neck or collar h, and
cylindrical piece g.
This governor may be greatly modified in its details without altering the
principle of its action. The disc or balance may be moveable on the shaft f,
and the crosshead d be fixed on the same, in which case the sliding neck or
collar h, with cylindrical piece g, will be connected to the balance or disc a; for
the inclined grooves or screw ways c, c, there may also be substituted a
projecting screw way where the crosshead is acted upon in a similar way, or
in any other direction or position.
IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING PRECIPITATES OF COPPER, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO THE PRODUCTION OF YELLOW OCHRE
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Robert McCall at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 19th
September 1859.
I, ROBERT MCCALL, of the City of Dublin, Civil Engineer, do hereby
declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN OBTAINING
PRECIPITATES OF COPPER, PARTS OF WHICH IMPROVEMENTS ARE APPLICABLE TO THE
PRODUCTION OF YELLOW OCHRE," to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a novel mode or process for obtaining precipitates
of copper from mineral waters, in which copper is held in suspension or
solution, such, for example, as the water which issues from copper and sulphur
mines. In carrying out this Invention it is proposed to add to or mix with
the water to be treated a certain proportion of pulverized grey, white, or black
magnetic iron ore, which has the effect of disengaging and setting free the
copper held in suspension, and causing it to be deposited on the bottom of the
cistern or reservoir containing the mineral water. The water is run out of
the cistern at intervals, and the precipitated copper collected from the bottom
thereof, and dried by exposure to the action of the sun and atmosphere.
When dry, the copper precipitate is packed into barrels, and is then ready for
the market. The residuum in the cistern is carried off by the water into a
reservoir, where it is made into yellow ochre, and deposited therein, and when
the water is run off again, the deposit is dried as before, and packed up for
market.
New OR IMPROVED METHOD OF SILVERING GLASS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by John Solmons Benson at the Office
of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 16th February
1859. A communication from Mr. Morisson, of Hamburg.
I, JOHN SOLMONS BENSON, of Birmingham, in the County of Warwick,
Merchant, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "A New
OR IMPROVED METHOD OF SILVERING GLASS," a communication to me from abroad
by Mr. Morisson, of Hamburg, to be as follows:-
The said Invention consists in silvering glass for mirrors and such other
purposes as the same is or may be applicable to, by the use of a solution in
water of nitrate of silver and tartrate of ammonia, the said solution being
used in the manner herein-after explained. In carrying the said Invention
into effect, nitrate of silver is, dissolved in five times its weight of distilled
water, and the solution diluted with sixteen times its volume of distilled water;
to this solution tartrate of ammonia is added in the proportion of half an ounce
of the said tartrate of ammonia to each pound of nitrate of silver in the
solution.
In silvering a mirror, the surface to be silvered is cleaned very carefully.
The plate is placed with the cleaned side uppermost upon a plate of cast iron
fixed horizontally, and heated by steam or otherwise to a temperature of forty
or fifty degrees of Reaumur's thermometer, the solution having been previously
poured thereon. As the water evaporates by the heat of the cast-iron plate,
the solution decomposes, and a deposit of brilliant metallic silver attaches itself

page_text: firmly to the surface of the glass. The plate after cooling is washed and dried
carefully, and the deposit of silver protected by being painted, or in any other
convenient manner.
Although I have described the method of carrying the Invention into effect
which in practice answers very well, yet the details may be varied without
departing from the nature of the said Invention. The essence of the said
Invention consists in silvering glass by the use of a mixed solution of nitrate
of silver and tartrate of ammonia heated upon the glass.
IMPROVEMENTS IN FLOATING BATTERIES
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by William Laird at the Office of
the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 23rd December
1859.
I, WILLIAM LAIRD, of Birkenhead, in the County of Chester, do hereby
declare the nature of the Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN FLOATING BATTERIES,"
to be as follows:-
For
This Invention has for its object improvements in floating batteries.
this purpose I employ a series of wrought-iron cylinders, which are arranged
parallel the one to the other, and with spaces between them. These cylinders
are connected together by girders passing from end to end (or it may be from
side to side) of the structure, and placed, by preference, at right angles to the
axes of the cylinders; they may conveniently be arranged in pairs, one girder
of each pair under and the other over the cylinders, and at their ends passing
round the cylinders, and being connected together between the girders of each
pair, diagonal stays or platings are introduced, which serve both to secure the
cylinders in their places, and also to connect together the upper and lower
girders; in this manner great strength is obtained, the two girders of each
pair being caused to act together as one girder of the entire depth of the
structure. I prefer that the structure should be of an oval form, the
cylinders running across, and the girders from end to end of it, tho girders
being longer at the centre of the structure than at the two sides; this,
however, may be varied. The cylinders are furnished at intervals with water-
tight bulkheads, so that should one of them be struck by a shot its lower of

page_text: floatation will not be entirely lost. The centre portion of the structure is
decked over suitably for receiving guns, which may be protected by a frame-
work plated with iron or steel, or otherwise, as may be found convenient.
Batteries of this construction are particularly suitable for the protection of
harbours or other places where they may be moored, as when exposed to short
seas they will not roll to nearly the same extent as a battery of a ship-like
form when similarly moored, and any waves which may break over the edge of
the structure will pass through between the cylinders, and will not run along,
so as to interfere with the working of the guns as they would were the battery
entirely decked over.
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LAMPS
Year: 1859

page_text: PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by Nathaniel Shattswell Dodge at
the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
1st December 1859.-A communication from abroad by William Fulton,
of Cranberry, in the County of Middlesex, New Jersey, United States of
America.
I, NATHANIEL SHATTSWELL DODGE, of 44, Saint Paul's Churchyard, in the
City of London, Merchant and Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of
the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF LAMPS," a com-
munication from abroad by William Fulton, of Cranberry, in the County of
Middlesex, New Jersey, United States of America, to be as follows:-
This Invention relates to a peculiar construction and arrangement of lamps
intended for burning coal oils, and other similar substances rich in carbon,
and which consequently require a considerable amount of oxygen to support a
proper combustion for illuminating purposes. The main object of the present
improvements is to obtain such a lamp as will be capable of being adapted to
burn equally well all the different hydrocarbons, or substances rich in carbon,
however such substances may vary as regards the amount of carbon they
individually possess. With this object in view it is proposed to apply an air
register or adjustable regulator to the bottom of the burner, and to use in
combination with this register a perforated plate or wire gauze diaphragm and
cap or deflector. The register is made adjustable so as to admit more or less
air according to the amount of carbon in the substance being burned, and this
regulated quantity of air is then checked by passing through the perforated

page_text: plate or wire gauze before reaching the deflector or cap which directs it on
to and against the flame. The slit or opening in the cap through which the
flame passes is surrounded by a series of perforations made through the cap,
which perforations admit of a greater amount of oxygen coming in contact
with the flame than would naturally pass through the slit. A second series of
holes or perforations are also made at the base of the cap, which by admitting
air outside the cap keep the chimney comparitively cool. In combination
with the ordinary flat lamp wick are two round wicks contained in suitable
tubes or holders and supplied with water. This water, which is drawn up by
the round wicks, is heated by the flame of the flat wick and converted into
vapour, which, passing in fumes to the upper part of the cap or deflector, is
there generated into gas, and combining with the carbon and hydrogen of the
oil when burning, produces a purer and whiter light than it would otherwise
do, whilst a saving of from 20 to 30 per cent. is effected.