IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING, DOUBLING, AND SPINNING COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Emile Alcan, of Fore Street, in the City of London,
Merchant, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR TWISTING,
DOUBLING, AND SPINNING COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS."―
A communication.
Scaled the 11th August 1857, and dated the 17th February 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Emile Alcan at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
17th February 1857.
I, EMILE ALCAN, of Fore Streot, in the City of London, Merchant, do hereby
declare the naturo of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
TWISTING, DOUBLING, AND SPINNING COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,"
(communicated to me by a foreigner residing abroad, to be as follows:-
This Invention consists in an improved mode of constructing, mounting, and
working the spindles and bobbins of throstle frames, spinning mules, and other
machinery for twisting, doubling, and spinning.
The bobbin is mounted in bearings in the bobbin frame or carrier, to which
rotary motion is communicated by a bevil wheel in gear with a wheel on the
driving shaft of the machine. Rotary motion is imparted to the bobbin by
frictional contact with a cylinder, actuated by spiral gearing, on a shaft or

page_text: spindle stepped in the bobbin carrier, and which is itself actuated by engaging
into a threaded shaft made to rotate by suitable gearing. The journals of the
bobbin bear against springs, which yield as the thread, &c. is wound on
(thereby increasing the circumference of the bobbin). The sliver, yarn, or
other fibres to be twisted are brought from close to the drawing roller, kept
stretched (by a stretching roller,) and carried to the bobbin without being
bent in a sharp angular direction, and delivered to the bobbin through a guido
spout at the top of the frame, on which it is regularly laid by an arm or guide
rod having a to-and-fro action imparted to it by a jointed lever, actuated by a
cam on the shaft or spindle before referred to, as carrying the gear for rotating
the bobbin; or it may be otherwise actuated. The fibrous materials are thus
wound regularly over the surface of the bobbin, to which they are delivered
by the roller in frictional contact with it, and thereby regulated, for the
evolutions of this cylinder are so contrived, that as the circumference of the
bobbin increases with the quantity of thread wound on it, the number of
turns diminishes. A contrivance is added for throwing the bobbin out of
gear in case of fracture of thread or otherwise.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Emile Alcan in the Great Seal Patent Office on tho
17th August 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, EMILE
ALCAN, of Fore Street, in the City of London, Merchant, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Seventeenth day of February, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said Emile Alcan, Her special licence that I, the said Emile Alcan, my
executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Emile
Alcan, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with, and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel
Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MACHINERY FOR
TWISTING, DOUBLING, AND SPINNING COTTON, SILK, AND OTHER FIBROUS MATERIALS,"

page_text: (a communication from a foreigner residing abroad,) upon the condition
(amongst others) that I, the said Emile Alcan, iny executors or adminis-
trators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the
said Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and
cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six
calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Emilo Alcan, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, reference being had to the Drawings hereunto annexed,
that is to say-
This Invention consists in an improved mode of constructing, mounting,
and working the spindles and bobbins of throstle frames, spinning mules, and
other machinery for twisting, doubling, and spinning.
The bobbin is mounted in bearings in the bobbin frame or carrier, to which
rotary motion is communicated by a bevil wheel in gear with a wheel on the
driving shaft of the machine.
Rotary motion is imparted to the bobbin by frictional contact with a
cylinder, actuated by spiral gearing, on a shaft or spindle stepped in the bobbin
carrier, and which is itself actuated by engaging into a threaded shaft made
to rotate by suitable gearing. The journals of the bobbin bear against springs,
which yield as the thread, &c. is wound in (thereby increasing the circumference
5 of the bobbin). The sliver, yarn, or other fibre to be twisted is brought from
close to the drawing roller, kept stretched by a stretching roller, carried to the
bobbin without being bent in a sharp angular direction, and delivered to the
bobbin through a guide spout at the top of the frame, on which it is regularly
laid by an arm or guide rod having a to-and-fro action imparted to it by a
0 jointed lever, actuated by a cam on the shaft or spindle before referred to, as
carrying the gear for rotating the bobbin; or it may be otherwise actuated.
The fibrous materials are thus wound regularly over the surface of the
bobbin, to which they are delivered by the roller in frictional contact with it,
and thereby regulated, for the revolutions of this cylinder are so contrived, that
5 as the circumference of the bobbin increases with the quantity of thread
wound round it, the number of turns diminishes. A contrivance may be
added for throwing the bobbin out of gear in case of fracture of thread or
otherwise.

page_text: The Drawings hereunto annexed illustrate the manner in which the Inven-
tion is carried into effect.
Figure 1 is a front view of one of the improved spinning frames; Figure 2
a side view of the same; Figure 3 is a similar view to that shewn in Figure 1,
but of another machine somewhat modified, and more particularly adapted for
fine work. In this Figure the manner of communicating motion to the parts is
also shewn. Figures 4 and 5 are sectional views of detached parts of the
machine shewn in Figure 3.
In Figure 1, a is the revolving frame; c, c, is the pressure or friction
cylinder, which is driven by a worm b, which drives a worm wheel n fixed
upon the spindle of the cylinder c; d is an endless screw or worm on the
extremity of the spindle of the cylinder c, and n' is a worm wheel in gear
with the worm d; e is a cam or heart wheel fixed on the spindle of the
pinion n'; f is a lever which vibrates on a centre pin or stud fixed in the
frame a. This lever has a pin fixed in it, which takes into a groove in the
side of the heart wheel e, through which the lever receives its vibrating motion.
The lower end of this lever is connected to a second lever f¹ by means of a
connecting rod k, and the upper extremity of this lever guides the thread i on
to the bobbin g; 9" are springs which act upon the journals of the bobbin
spindles, and keep the bobbin g and the cylinder c in contact. In Figure 3,
V is a worm on the shaft A, which receives motion from the main shaft B by
means of pulleys C, C, and cords or bands C', as shewn in the Drawing; p is
a worm wheel in gear with the worm V, fixed on the shaft b, seen in dotted
lines and in section in Figures 4 and 5. This shaft turns freely through the
centre of the pulley and boss b. s is a worm in gear with a worm wheel on
the shaft X. O is another worm on the same shaft X in gear with a worm
wheel on the vertical shaft R; K is a wheel with teeth formed thereon at an
angle to its axis, fixed on the shaft R, which gears into another similar wheel
K on the spindle of the friction roller c; and by this means motion is com-
municated to the roller c, and thence to the bobbin g by surface friction. Lis
a worm on the shaft R, which communicates motion to the heart wheel E by
gearing into a worm wheel on its spindle. f is the thread carrier arm, which
receives a to-and-fro motion by means of the lever and rod y and y', the
former of which carries a pin, which moves in a groove in the heart wheel E.
The speed of the machine, and the tension of the thread or yarn can be
regulated by altering the position of the straps or bands C¹ on the pulleys C,
on the driving shafts B and A.
And having now described the nature of the said Invention, and in what

page_text: manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim constructing,
mounting, and working the spindles and bobbins of throstle frames, spinning
mules, and other machinery for twisting, doubling, and spinning, in the
manner hercin-before described and represented in the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
manner the same is to be performed, I declare that I claim constructing,
mounting, and working the spindles and bobbins of throstle frames, spinning
mules, and other machinery for twisting, doubling, and spinning, in the
manner herein-before described and represented in the Drawings hereunto
annexed.
In witness whereof, I, the said Emile Alcan, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Seventeenth day of August, One thousand eight hundred
and fifty-seven.
E. ALCAN. (L.S.)