Year: 1898

page_text: Date of Application, 21st June, 1898
Complete Specification Left, 21st Mar., 1899-Accepted, 20th May, 1899
I, ANSELME GAVIOLI, of 2bis. Avenue de Taillebourg, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Organ Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as
follows:-
This invention relates to an improved pneumatic action for mechanical organs
Two or three small wind chests of simple construction are placed side by side or
over one another and arranged underneath and near to the travelling perforated
music sheet of the organ, these wind chests are each connected with a series of
small chambers and are in connection with a second system formed by the combina-
tion of a wind chest and valve chambers arranged on the principal wind box of the
organ.
Underneath the travelling perforated music sheet horizontal pivoted levers are
arranged and having at one end vertical fingers or noses (which engage into the holes
of the perforated paper) and operated on at the other by springs which tend to raise.
the ends on which the noses are arranged.
Below these levers the small wind chests are arranged each of which consists of a
longitudinal chamber in connection with the bellows and separate chambers or
passages which are arranged over the latter communication between the longitudinal
chamber and the separate chambers being effected by means of hinged valves each
operated by a vertical rod connected to the one end of one of the aforesaid pivoted
levers and also under the action of a spring which tends to keep them closed. The
method of arrangement of the separate chambers and valve rods is such that the
horizontal levers occupy only a small space. These valve chambers are connected by
pipes to the different operative diaphragms of chambers of an intermediary system
having a wind chest of larger size than the above and which consists of a longitudinal
chamber arranged underneath this longitudinal chamber are arranged the separate
valve chambers, communication being effected between them by preferably vertical
ports. The ends of these ports are closed by flap or other valves connected together
by a rod of longer length than the port and in such a manner that when the top end
of the port is closed the lower end is open and vice versa, a spring or weight is
arranged tending to keep the upper end that is in connection with the wind chest.
closed and consequently the lower end open. This lower end rests on a block or
the like seated on an operative diaphragın, which is arranged on the bottom of the
chamber. A small port is arranged underneath this diaphragmn and connects the
same with the atmosphere. The air passing from one of the aforesaid connecting
pipes, comes underneath its respective diaphragm and lifts the same whereupon the
vertical port is closed on the lower end and opened at the top and the air contained
in the wind chests enters the same. From here the air is conducted along a pipe or
the like to the diaphragm operating the respective valve of the principal wind ehest
which is in connection with the respective pipe or the like of the organ.
When a
hole in the perforated music sheet comes over one of the noses of the horizontal

page_text: pivoted levers the same rises and the respective valve of the small wind chest is
opened and the air passes as described.
Dated thio 21ot day of June 1808
HERBERT HADDAN & Co.,
Agents to Applicant.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Pneumatic Actions for Mechanical Organs or
the like.
I, ANSELME GAVIOLI, of 2bis. Avenue de Taillebourg, Paris, in the Republic of
France, Organ Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained
in and by the following statement:―
This invention relates to an improved pneumatic action for mechanical music
instruments such as organs, pianos and the like with perforated pasteboard music
sheets comprising essentially two or three small intermediary wind chests of very
simple construction provided each with only one series of valves arranged alternately
in two or more wind chests these small wind chests being arranged in superposition or
juxtaposition underneath the key board transversely to the course of the music sheets
and connected by pipes with a second system formed by the combination of tables
with pockets and a longitudinal wind chest arranged near the principal wind chest of
the
organ whose valves they command.
In the drawing Fig. 1 is a section of the whole installation made on parallel vertical
planes going through the axes of the neighbouring valves of the small wind chests.
Fig. 2 is a slight variation of a part of the apparatus. Figs. 3 and 4 are two sections
of the whole as in Fig. 1 but showing two variations of another part of the
apparatus.
Under the table a on which the perforated music sheets pass are the keys T T¹
horizontally arranged, pivoted at and subject to the action of the springs f. Under
the keys there are arranged transversely to the travelling direction of the perforated
music sheet, the small intermediary wind chest y g'. The wind chests comprise each
a longitudinal air chamber h or h¹ in connection with the blowing apparatus and a
board with passages i or i¹ of which the communications with the air chamber h or h¹
are governed by valves; or j¹ subject to the action of springs or which tend to hold
し
them closed. Each valve or 7' corresponds with one of the keys T of the key board
and these keys produce the opening of the valves when their points enter the per-
forations of the music sheet either by direct action by means of the vertical
pins kork when the keys are pivoted towards the middle of their length as in Fig. 1
or by means of the small levers c c¹ (Fig. 3) arranged under the wind chests and by
means of the pins k k¹ and d d when the keys are pivoted at their ends opposite the
points which pass into the holes of the music sheet or again by direct action by means
of the horizontal pins k k when the keys are of bell crunk lever form pivoted at their
angles and the wind chests are arranged on their small side and in juxtaposition as
in Fig. 4. The valves of the two wind chests are placed alternately from one wind
chest to the other which allows of arranging the keys of the key board which are in
perpendicular planes with the axes of these valves in a very small space.
The different compartments i or i¹ are connected by pipes m or m¹ with the
different pockets n of a pocket table N fixed on the principal wind chest S of the
organ.
Above the pocket table N is another longitudinal wind chest P fixed on the principal
wind chest S and comprising an air chamber p connected with the blowing apparatus

page_text: and board with passage ways q or q¹ which communicate at the one end either with
the atmosphere or the interior of chamber p under the control of the two valves r and a
connected by a pin u² and at the other end with the interior of one of the large
pockets u or u¹ which influence by means of the pins vor the valves x or x¹ of the
principal wind chest A. Springs y act from the top upon the valves r of the wind
chest P and the valves 8 of this same wind chest are connected by a button z with
the film of the corresponding pocket n. Finally each pocket n communicates
constantly with the atmosphere by a small hole n¹.
When a perforation of the music sheet 6 comes over a key T this key is lifted and
the corresponding valvej of the intermediary wind chest g opens, the compressed air
of the chamber h of this wind chest goes into the corresponding pocket n the latter
is lifted closing the valve s and opening the valve of the wind chest P and the
compressed air of the chamber p of this latter wind chest goes into the large corres-
ponding pocket u which then swells and opens the valve x of the principal wind
chest allowing the compressed air of this principal wind chest to pass to the cor-
responding organ pipe.
When the music sheet presents then its substance to the point of the key T, this
key is pressed down and the corresponding valvej is closed, the air ceasing to flow
into the pocket n; the air it contains still escapes quickly through the little hole n¹
which is always open, the valve r is closed and the valve s opened; the air of the
wind chest P ceases to flow into the pocket u and the air of this pocket escapes into
the atmosphere past the valve 8; the result is that the corresponding valve of the
principal wind chest is closed and that the corresponding organ pipe stops playing.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is:-
1. A pneumatic action for mechanical musical instruments such as organs, pianos
and the like with perforated music sheets comprising essentially two or more small
intermediary wind chests of simple construction provided each with one series of
valves arranged alternately from one wind chest to another, these small wind chests
being superposed or in juxtaposition underneath the key board, transverse to the
travelling direction of the music sheet and connected by pipes with a second system
formed by the combination of a table with pockets and a longitudinal wind chest
arranged near the principal wind chest of the organ whose valves they command,
substantially as described.
2. A pneumatic action for mechanical musical instruments with perforated music
sheets as above claimed, the combination of the keys T pivoted at o towards the
middle of their length with small wind chests g g¹ whose valves j¹ are directly
actuated by the keys by means of the keys k k with the pocket table N each pocket n
of which communicates at the one side with one of the compartments i or i¹ of the
small wind chests by means of a pipe m or m' and on the other side with the
exterior air by a small hole n¹ and a large intermediary longitudinal wind chest P
which comprises two valves r s actuated by the pockets n substantially as described
and shown in Fig. 1 of the annexed drawing.
3. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments with perforated music sheets as
in claim the combination of keys T pivoted at their ends opposite to points which
penetrate the perforations of the music sheet with the small wind chests g g' whose
valves jj are actuated by the keys by means of the pins k k¹, small levers x x¹
pivoted underneath the wind chests and secondary pins zz with the pocket table N
of which each pocket n communicates on the one side with one of the compart-
ments or of the smal wind chests by means of a pipe m or m¹ and on the
other side with the exterior air through a small hole n' and a large longitudinal
intermediary wind chest P having two series of valves r and a actuated by the
pockets n substantially as described and represented in Fig. 3 of the annexed
drawing.

page_text: 4. In a pneumatic action for musical instruments with perforated music sheets as
in claim 1 the combination of the keys T of the bell crank lever form pivoted at their
angles with small wind chests g gl arranged on the small side in juxtaposition and
whose valves are actuated by the vertical arms of the keys by means of the
pins with the pocket tube N each pocket n of which communicates on the one
hand with one of the compartments i or ¹ of the small wind chests by means of a
pipe m or m¹ and on the other hand with the outside air through a small hole n¹
and the large intermediary longitudinal wind chest P having two series of valves r 8
actuated by the pockets n substantially as described and represented in Fig. 4 of
the annexed drawings.
1000
HERBERT HADDON & Co.,
Agents to Applicant, 18, Buckingham Street, Strand, London.