Improved Means and Method of Marking or Indicating the Number of Picks Put Into a Fabric within a Given Space when being Woven.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 14th Apr., 1891
Complete Specification Left, 13th Jan., 1892-Accepted, 9th Apr., 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means and Method of Marking or Indicating the Number
of Picks Put Into a Fabric within a Given Space when being
Woven.
1, JAMES CAIRNS, of 58 Firth Street, Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Manager,
hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The object of my invention is to mark or indicate by automatic means the number
of picks put into a fabric within given space whilst being woven, and this
propose to do in the following manner :-
When my improvements are pplied to a Hollingworth loom (but the se'l
improvements may be applied to other descriptions of looms) I fix a wor.n
wheel on the toothed cylinder employed to operate the heald shafts. A wheel
is placed in gear with the worm, on the axle of which is a chain wheel having
a chain around it. A suitably arranged lever is employel, to one end of which
is attached a cord carrying a mail or eyelet whose position is about on a level
with the warp. Through the said mail a warp threal passes and preferably of
a different colour to the remainder of the warp, so as to he readily distinguished
from it. A peg or stud is made to project from the chain wheel, and there
also an adjustable peg or projection attached to the chain, so that as the
toothed cylinder intermittently revolves, which it does with each pick made by
the loom, the chain wheel and chain are made to traverse and when the sl
on the chain comes into contact with the peg on the wheel or with the lever,
one end of the said lever is raised, causing the opposite end thereof to descend in
doing which the mail together with its warp thread passing through it, is made to
lower with the warp threads and is embedded and disappears therein, but that part
of the additional coloured thread which is left on the face of the fabric indicates
at a glance the number of picks put into the fabric in a given space. As the stud
on the chain is adjustable, the coloured thread can be made to indicate how many
picks are put into the fabric in inch, inch, or 1 inch, or other space. It is
evident that the going part of the loom may be used to indicate the number of
beats made by the reed, but as the going part is used for lagging back when no
picks are being made it could not correctly register the number of shoots of weft
thrown across the loom but by employing the toothed cylinder shaft which only
revolves for each pick it follows that the registering of the picks from this part of
the loom will be correct.
Dated 13th day of April 1891.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents,
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improved Means and Method of Marking or Indicating the Number
of Picks Put Into a Fabric within a Given Space when being
Woven.
I, JAMES CAIRNS, of 58, Firth Street, Huddersfield, Yorkshire, Manager, do
hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be
performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement :-
The object of my invention is to mark or indicate by automatic mean, the
number of pick- put into a fabric within a given space whilst being woven.
In order that my improvements may be better understood, I will now make

page_text: reference to the accompanying sheet of drawings illustrative thereof, which
elevation of certain portions of the top part of a Hollingworth and Knowles' loom.
A is the top rail, and B the heald shafts which are raised and lowered by the
jack-levers (.
""
A hanging lever arm is shown at 1 to the free end of which is a conl or chain E
passing over guide pullies F. and to the opposite end of the said cord is a heald
thread a provided with a mail and lingoe or weight e. A thread of
different colour to the warp is passed through this mail and at predetermined
times the said differently coloured warp thread is operated with the rest of the
warp, and secured in the fabric by the next shoot of weft, consequently, each time
the weft thread appears on the face or above the coloured thread, it indicates that,
between each such weft thread crossed over the coloured thread, an understool
number of picks have been placed into the fabric. The coloured thread is operated
at given times with the warp in the following manner. When applying my
invention to a Hollingworth and Knowles' loom I mount on the shaft G which
revolves intermittantly, that is to say, one movement for each pick, a toothed
wheel I provided with an endless chain 1, carrying one or more lugs & which, a-
the wheel I revolves brings the said lng d underneath the hanging lever arm D
which is thereby raised as shewn in dotted lines, in doing which, it pays out an
additional length of cord E causing the mail and the coloured thread to be
lowered and to be woven into the fabric during the next pick, but on the following
pick being made, the shaft G revolves a portion of a revolution and carries the
lugd from under the lever D whereby the said lever drops as shewn in full line in
the drawings, the effect of which, is to draw back the cord E, and to raise the mail
and coloured warp out of the way or clear of the picks of weft and so that it lies
upon the face of the fabric until the chain brings the lug d again under the hanging
lever D. As the stud on the chain is adjustable, it follows, that the coloured
thread can be made to indicate how many picks are put into the fabric in any
predetermined distance or space and can be seen at a glance or each pick may b
indicated by the coloured thread, the hanging lever D in this case being operated
at every pick of the loom.
3
It is evident that the "going part of the loom may be used to indicate the
number of beats made by the reed, but as the "going part" is used for lagging
back when no picks are being made, it could not correctly register the number of
shoots of weft thrown across the loom; but by employing the intermittantly
revolving shaft which only revolves for each pick, it follows that the registering of
the picks from this part of the loom will be correct, and although I have described
my invention as being applied to a Hollingworth and Knowles' loom, it is evident
that the invention may be applied to other descriptions of looms.
Having now described and ascertained how my invention may be put into
practice I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise details
of the mechanism to be employed for operating the coloured thread, as that may
be varied without departing from the peculiar feature of my invention therefore,
what I believe to be new and claim is :-
Firstly. The introduction at predetermined distances apart when weaving of a
differently coloured warp thread for indicating picks in fabric substantially
set forth.
1-
Secondly. The mechanism substantially as herein shewn and described or any
mere modification thereof, for introducing a differently coloured warp thread into
fabrics at predetermined places, all as described.
Dated this 12th day of January 1892.
TASKER & CROSSLEY,
Halifax, Agents.