IMPROVEMENTS in the HeatING AND * EVAPORATING OF BRING IN THE MA WIRA COUPE OF CAT " EVAPORATING OF BRING IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SALT
Year: 1870

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Hamer, of Bowdon, in the County of
Chester, and Joseph Davies, of Runcorn, in the same County, Salt
Proprietors, for the Invention of “IMPROVEMENTS in the HeatING AND
*
EVAPORATING OF BRING IN THE MA WIRA COUPE OF CAT "
EVAPORATING OF BRING IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SALT"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Hamer and
Joseph Davies at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with
their Petition, on the 30th September 1870.
We, WILLIAM HAMER, of Bowdon, in the County of Chester, and
JOSEPH DAVIES, of Runcorn, in the same County, Salt Proprietors, do
hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
THE HEATING AND EVAPORATING OF BRINE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SALT," to be
as follows:
Our Invention has for its principal object to effect a reduction in the
amount of fuel required in the manufacture of salt from salt brine, and
for this purpose we employ the waste heat from the furnace flues or
chimney, or the waste steam from steam boilers, or water heaters, or
steam engines to heat the brine before admitting the said brine to the
evaporating pans.

page_text: こ
In order to effect the said heating we place one or more circulating
pipes in the flue or flues leading from the flues under the pans to the
chimney, or in the said chimney, or in both flues and chimney, and we
connect the said pipe or pipes to the reservoir or tank containing the
reserve of brine or to the said reservoir and the evaporating pan or pans
in such a manner as that the said brine shall circulate through the said
pipe or pipes, and thereby become heated before being admitted into the
evaporating pan or pans; or we cause water, air, or other fluid to
circulate through the said pipe or pipes, and also through a pipe or coil,
or through pipes or coils fitted in the said reservoir or tank; or we force
air through the said pipe or pipes, and cause the air heated by such
means to flow into the brine contained in the said reservoir or tank, so
that the air shall come directly into contact with the said brine. When
employing spare or waste steam we cause the brine to flow or circulate
through pipes which are outwardly exposed to the said steam, or we
pass the steam through the said pipes and cause the brine to be heated
by contact with the outer surfaces of the said pipes.
A further portion of our Invention consists in supplying the evaporating
pan or pans with brine in such a manner as that the said brine shall fall
on to the surface of the brine contained in the pan in jets, the said jets
being distributed over the said surface, so as to agitate the same and
thereby to cause the crystals formed on the said surface to sink, the
necessity for the employment of a paddle or stick to effect the said
agitation being thus dispensed with.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said William Hamer and Joseph Davies in the
Great Seal Patent Office on the 27th March 1871.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, we, WILLIAM
HAMER, of Bowdon, in the County of Chester, and JOSEPH DAVIES, of
Runcorn, in the same County, Salt Proprietor, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent, bearing date the Thirtieth day of September, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy, in the thirty-fourth
year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and
grant unto us, the said William Hamer and Joseph Davies, Her
special license that we, the said William Hamer and Joseph Davies,

page_text: our executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as we, the
said William Hamer and Joseph Davies, our executors, administrators,
and assigns, should at any time agree with and no others, from time
to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed,
should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands,
and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE HEATING AND
EVAPORATING OF BRINE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SALT," upon the condition
(amongst others) that we, the said William Hamer and Joseph Davies,
by an instrument in writing under our hands and seals, should
particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar
months next and immediately after the date of the said Letters
Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that we, the said William Hamer and Joseph
Davies, do hereby declare the nature of our said Invention, and in
what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement and accompanying
Drawings, that is to say :-
Our Invention has for its principal object to. effect a reduction in the
amount of fuel required in the manufacture of salt from salt brine, and
for this purpose we employ the waste heat from the furnace, flue,. or
chimney, steam or the waste steam from steam boilers, water heaters, or
steam engines to heat the brine before admitting the said brine to the
evaporating pans.
In order to effect the said heating we place one or more circulating
pipes in the flue or flucs leading from the flues under the pans to the
chimney, or in the said chimney, or in both flues and chimney, and we
connect the said pipe or pipes to the reservoir or tank containing, the
reserve of brine, or to the said reservoir and the evaporating pan or pans,
in such a manner as that the said brine shall circulate through the
said pipe or pipes, and thereby become heated before being admitted into
the evaporating pan or pans; or we cause water, air, or other fluid to
circulate through the said pipe or pipes, and also through a pipe or coil
or through pipes or coils fitted in the said reservoir or tank; or we force
air through the said pipe or pipes and cause the air heated by such
means to flow into the brine contained in the said reservoir or tank, so.

page_text: that the air shall come directly into contact with the said brine. When
employing steam we cause the brine to flow or circulate through pipes
which are outwardly exposed to the said steam.
A further portion of our Invention consists in supplying the evaporating
pan or pans with brine in such a manner as that the said brine shall
fall on to the surface of the brine contained in the pan in jets, the said
jets being distributed over the said surface, so as to agitate the same
and thereby to cause the crystals formed on the said surface to sink, the
necessity for the employment of a paddle or stick to effect the said
agitation being thus dispensed with.
In order that our Invention may be well understood, we have
attached hereunto a Sheet of Drawings marked with letters of reference.
Referring to the said Drawings, Fig. 1 is an elevation of a set of three
salt pans; Fig. 2 is a side elevation, and Fig. 3 is a plan thereof, in
which plan only one of the said salt pans is shewn.
In the said Figs. a, a, are the salt pans; b, b, are the flues under the
said salt pans, the said flues leading into the main flue c, which main
flue leads into the chimney d. In the main flue c are arranged the
circulating pipes e, through which the brine is caused to flow, in order
that it may become heated by the gases flowing through the flue c. In
this example the said brine after circulating through the said pipes
re-enters the brine reservoir, but in lieu of this arrangement the said
brine may
flow through the said pipes on its way to the evaporating
pans; Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section; Fig. 5, a cross section, and Fig. 6
a sectional plan of an apparatus for heating the brine by means of steam.
In this case a steam boiler or vessel fis fitted internally with a system
of pipes 9, 9, which pipes are suspended or supported in the steam space
of the said boiler or vessel and are connected together, so that for
example brine flowing through the pipe will circulate throughout the
whole of the pipes g, g, and will flow out through the pipe i, having
during its passage become heated by the steam generated in the said
boiler or vessel. In place of this arrangement the pipes 9, 9, may be
outwardly exposed to the exhaust steam from a steam engine or to the
steam generated in or arising from a concentrating or evaporating pan,
or by steam from other sources; Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate our method
of heating the said brine by means of heated air. In Fig. 7 the air
having become heated by flowing through a coil or system of pipes
arranged in the furnace flue or chimney is forced through a perforated

page_text: pipe k, or through a coil or series of perforated pipes into the body of
the brine contained in the reservoir or tank 1, the said brine thereby
becoming heated; Fig. 8 is a plan view representing a portion of a brine
tank or reservoir in which are fitted a coil or system of pipes m, the
said pipes being immersed in the brine contained in the said tank or
reservoir. Air heated as aforesaid is caused to flow through the said
pipes, the brine thereby becoming heated. The latter portion of our
Invention is illustrated by Figs. 3 and 9. In this example the brine
either before or after being heated flows from the main supply pipe n,
into the pipe o, whence the said brine flows into the branch pipes p, p.
Perforations are formed in or nozzles are fitted to each of the said branch
pipes at suitable intervals throughout the length of the said pipe as
shewn at r, r, in Fig. 9, through which perforations or nozzles the brine
flows or trickles, and falling on the surface of the brine contained in the
evaporating pan has the effect herein-before mentioned. The branch
pipes p, p, may require supporting at intervals throughout their length
although supports are not shewn in the Drawings.
Having now described the nature of our said Invention, together with
methods of carrying the same into practical effect, we would have it to be
understood that we claim,-
First. The methods of heating brine before admitting the same to the
evaporating pans, substantially as herein-before described, set forth, and
indicated, and as illustrated in the accompanying Drawings.
And, lastly, the method of admitting the brine to the evaporating
pans, substantially as and for the purposes as herein-before described
and set forth, and as illustrated in Figures 3 and 9 of the accompanying
Drawings.
In witness whereof, we the said William Hamer and Joseph Davies,
have hereunto set our hands and seals, this
March, in the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and
day of
seventy-one.