A TOBACCO-PIPE (SMOKER'S
Year: 1885

page_text: .
I, DAVID HARRY SHUTTLEWORTH-BROWN of Belle vue Villa South Wimbledon
in the County of Surrey, England, Engineer do hereby declare the nature of my
invention for A TOBACCO-PIPE (TO BE KNOWN AS "SMOKER'S") to be as follows:-
A pipe so constructed;-that, as a short-pipe, it may be as cool, and dry, and
clean in smoking as a (comparatively) long-pipe-that the condensable deleterious
products of combustion may be condensed by rapid radiation of heat from the
surfaces with which they come into contact-that, the filth, thus liquified, may not,
after condensation, accumulate in the tube through which the smoke must pass to
the mouth, but, that it may fall into a separate reservoir, from which, on the
removal of a plug, it can be ejected, at pleasure, by a puff of the breath, or, that
this, and every section of the pipe, may be cleansed by means of templates,—that
neither the filth, nor any tobacco or ash, may enter the mouth-and that the liquid
filth may not ooze through the joints of the pipe.
The radiating-surface, intended to condense the deleterious products of com-
bustion, forms a part of the tube, or stem, of the pipe, and is made of the best
available conductor, as silver, and its exterior surface is made to have the highest
available radiating power, as by oxidation-or, by coating with another metal of
higher radiating power than the oxidised surface of silver-as by a deposition of
pure aluminium (which might be laid on silver, copper, or nickel)-this radiating
surface is made as large as practicable, either by corrugating the material of which
it is made, or by attaching heat-radiating webs to its surface, but preferably in
such a manner as to increase to the utmost practicable extent the interior or con-
densing surface-at the ends of this tubular condensing surface are sockets
(containing flange and screwed thread) to receive at one end, the bowl-stem, and
at the other, a wad and the mouth-piece.
The bowl-stem contains, below the ordinary draw-tube, the reservoir, into which
the resultants of condensation fall, out of the condensing tube,-to increase the
capacity of this reservoir, without unduly enlarging the Bowl-stem, it is so bored
as to present a crescent shaped cross section, and may be cut at its lower end by a
plug-hole stopped by an inverted, screwed plug, with flanged head, under the bowl.

page_text: The wad is porous, valueless and renewable and is held in position by the
periphery of a rimered end made on the mouth-piece.
A pipe-cleaner is supplied with the pipe-as a necessary part of it-this pipe-
cleaner is made of templates, which fit respectively, the condensing tube, the
draw-tube, and mouth-piece, and the reservoir, and which if passed through, or
into and withdrawn from, them, thoroughly cleanses them-when there is no plug
at the foot of the reservoir, the template for cleaning it may have a small hole in
it, through which the filth in the reservoir will be forced when the template is
passed in, and the filth can be withdrawn by the template.
Dated this 14th day of September 1885.
L

page_text: h
I, DAVID HARRY SHUTTLEWORTH-BROWN of Belle vue Villa, South Wimbledon,
in the County of Surrey, England, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of my
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to, be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement:-
"
Failing vitality, experience and wisdom, the natural and proper companions of.
age, point to reasons, to be discovered, why old men take to the long pipe, or
Church warden," in preference to the short pipe.
"
•
Again, in countries like France, Germany and Austria, where much of the
Tobacco is very bad, being chiefly manufactured by Government, or from home-
grown leaf; and where the common people cannot get, or cannot afford to smoke,
imported Tobaccos, it is remarkable, what expensive, cumbersome and. elaborate
Pipes are carried, even by agricultural labourers and town-scavengers.
More-over, the "Hookah " of the luxurious Turk bas long been familiar in this:
country.
Now, it follows that if a short pipe can be made to possess the essential features
of the long pipe, of the cumbersome pipes of the continent, and of the "Hookah,"
the luxury of the latter, immunity from some of the evil effects of bad Tobacco,
and, in short, the advantages of experience and wisdom, in smoking, will, without
any of their concomitant inconveniences, be gained for the robur of youth.
The action of the "Hookah" (which can undoubtedly yield the most perfect
smoke of all pipes now in use) is essentially that of a Condenser (such as Watt
applied to steam-engines)--in it, cold water, through which the sinoke must pass,
condenses and arrests the vapours produced by the combustion of the Tobacco, and
cools the smoke, and fixed gases, which thus pass, dry, into the mouth-how much
of its condensing-power requires to be brought into action, can (assuming the
analysis of the Tobacco to be known) be calculated on the same principles as apply
to the Condenser.
The principal data would be:-
1, The amount of Tobacco to be smoked at once.
moisture it contains.
the different vapours into which it will decompose.
2, Do.
3, Do
"
"
"
"
4, Do.
"
"
"
"
"
5, Do.
6, Do.
7, Do.
8, Do.
9, Do.
"
gases
"
"
"
"
"
air taken to complete the combustion.
22
"
time
"
"
"
"
"
"
t
10, Do.
"
"
11, Do.
"
"
12
"
"
area of the bowl at the surface of the Tobacco.
air drawn through the fire at a single inspiration.
time taken for a single inspiration.
beat (not to be exceeded) in the dry smoke, during such
inspiration.
allowance for absorption and radiation of heat by surfaces
of the pipe.
The action of the cumbersome pipes of the continent (designed to correct the
evils of bad Tobacco) is, in effect, essentially the same as that of the “Hookah "
!

page_text: instead of by cold water, the vapours are condensed in a long tube (of wood) of
ample capacity, kept cool by the external atmosphere, and instead of being arrested
by the water, (through which the smoke would pass, in the "Hookah ") the con-
densed vapours fall into a receptacle of porcelaine or horn which is emptied
every day.
:
"
The action of the long pipe or "Churchwarden" is also that of a Condenser, and
and the continental
it is essentially the same in principle as the "Hookah
pipes as in the latter, the vapours are condensed in a long tube (of clay) kept
cool by the external atmosphere, but it is inferior to them, in not having a
receptacle to receive the liquid of the condensed vapours, and as the absorbent
powers of the clay are limited, it soon becomes foul, and requires to be re-burnt.
All these pipes, therefore, act on the same essential principle, viz., as condensers,
and their advantages are proportional to their power to condense the heated
vapours to deliver cool, dry smoke to the mouth, and it is therefore, on account
of this action, that the long pipe is chosen by experienced smokers, but its
awkwardness so restrains the movements of the smoker, that its advantages are
usually monopolised by the aged.
The object of this. Invention is, so to construct a Pipe,-that it will not only act as
a Condenser, but shall also be small and light, and such that the most unallayed
pleasures, if any, to be derived from smoking, may be enjoyed whilst performing
the most active duties of life,-that it shall give the greatest condensing power in
the smallest compass, so that, a short pipe may deliver the smoke as cool and dry as
a (comparatively) long pipe, and be as clean in smoking, that the condensable
deleterious products of combustion may be condensed by rapid absorption and
radiation of beat by surfaces (specially designed to be effective) with which they
come into contact,-(the attractive force of condensing surfaces for the vapours
they condense is referred to, in Specification No. 14720 A.D. 1884 page 4 lines 23
to 44), that the concentrated filth thus separated from the smoke by condensation,
as a poisonous liquid, may not accumulate in the tube through which the smoke
must pass to the mouth, but that it may fall into a separate receptacle, from which,
on the removal of a plug, it can be ejected at pleasure, by a puff of the breath, or,
that this and every section of the Pipe may be cleansed by means of templets, or
plates of similar section,-that neither the filth nor any Tobacco or ash may be
capable of being drawin into the mouth,-and that the liquid filth may not ooze
through the joints of the Pipe.
Provision is made, inexpensively, for absorption of such deleterious vapours, in
the smoke, as have an affinity for Meerchaum, (if any), by contact with a large
surface of it, (such surface may be much larger than the interior surface of a pipe
of that costly material, as now generally made).
The Radiating-surface, intended, by rapid absorption-and-radiation of heat, to
condense, and thus to separate from the smoke, the deleterious, vaporous products
of combustion, forms part of the tube or stem of the pipe, and is made of the best
available heat-conductor, as silver, and its exterior surface is made to have the
highest available radiating power, as by oxidation,-or, by coating with another
material of higher radiating power than the oxidised surface of silver,-as by a
deposition of black oxide of iron, or of pure aluminium (which might be laid on
silver or nickel-copper and its alloys, might perhaps produce verdigris, though the
Chinese make most elaborate pipes of brass)-this Radiating-surface is made as
large as practicable, either by corrugating the material of which it is made, or, by
attaching heat radiating webs to its surface, either longitudinally or transversely,
or by twisting round it, spirally, a worm of wire made as a line of pyramids
joined at the base a serrated web-but it is preferable to enlarge the Radiating-
surface in such a manner as will increase the interior, or Condensing,-surface to
the utmost practicable extent,-at the ends of this tubular condensing surface are
sockets containing a flange (when corrugated, the shoulder joining the internal
angles forms a flange) and a large screwed thread, to receive, at one end, the Bowly
stem, and at the other, a Wad and the Mouth-piece.

page_text: The Bowl-stem contains, below the ordinary draw-tube, the Receptacle into
which the resultants of condensation fall, from the tubular Condensing-surface,
and in order to increase the capacity of this Receptacle, without unduly enlarging
the Bowl-stem, it is so bored as to present a crescent shaped cross-section, and may
be cut at its lower end by a plug-hole, stopped by an inverted, screwed plug, with
flanged head, under the bowl.
The Wad is porous, almost costless, and renewable, and is held in position by the
periphery of a rimered end-an Annular recess in the Mouth-piece,-this Wad
serves to regulate the Draught of the Pipe,-to prevent Tobacco or ash from being
drawn into the mouth, and to facilitate the formation of tight joints in the Pipe-
stem, without twisting the labral orifice of the Mouth-piece out of angle with the
bowl, the Annular recess in the Mouth-piece is to prevent any liquid-filth that
could pass through the Wad, whilst the Pipe might be lying in an abnormal
position, from entering the smoke-duct, and being drawn into the mouth.
If the highly prized meerchaum has any special affinity for deleterious, fumous
vapours proceeding from Tobacco in a state of combustion, other than the simple
property of bibulous absorption, followed by gradual evaporation, its peculiar
properties may be most conveniently and effectually taken advantage of, in the
following manner:-
(i) A cylinder of meerchaum has its whole exterior surface enlarged by corru-
gation (its ends radially) and may be placed in the condensing tube.
(ii) Fragments of meerchaum are pierced and held together by a wire (of the
same metal as) and may be placed in, the condensing tube.
(iii) Granulated meerchaum is filled into a space between two, very porous, Wads
which, (strung upon such a wire) may be in the condensing tube.
If meerchaum has not such a peculiar affinity as is attributed to it, a heat-
absorbent, if of proper construction, would be more effective in the stem of a pipe
than a vapour-absorbent, in that it would cool, as well as dry, the smoke-a loose
open ball, or a tangled bundle, of thin wire, of rather larger diameter than the
tube, will, like the corrugations in the meerchaum, leave the larger portion of the
passages, for the fumous current, along the more effective condensing surface, (of
the same metal) which will also carry away the heat of the bundle, on account of
the forcible contact of a considerable amount of the outer part of the wire, whilst
the power of the bundle itself will grow more considerable, where most needed,
towards the centre of the tube.
A Pipe-cleaner-supplied with the Pipe, as a necessary part of it--is made with
templets, i.e., plates, similar in section to the draw-tube and smoke-duct, the Con-
densing tube, and the Receptacle, respectively, which if passed through, or into,
and withdrawn from, them, thoroughly cleanses them.
When there is no plug-hole at the bottom of the Receptacle, the templet, for
cleaning it, may have a small hole or defection in it, through which the filth in the
Receptacle will be forced, when the templet is passed in, so that the filth can then
be withdrawn by the templet.
In calculating the extent of Radiating-Surface necessary for the condensing
power required to be brought into action, the same data will be applicable to this
Pipe as above suggested for determining the quantity and depth of water required
in the "Hookah,"-No. 11, (regard being had to the effect of an average deposition
of filth on the interior) becoming the main factor, instead of the heat-absorbing-
water used in Watt's Condenser, the Specific-Heat-of-Water will be substituted
by the Co-efficient-of-Radiation of the surface of the Condensing tube.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS.
A condensing tube, B-cross-section with corrugated condensing and radiating
surfaces, b₁, b₂, bs = various sections of corrugations, C = cross-section (larger)
mith abo
1..
D

page_text: G-bowl-stem, in section, H-draw-tube, I=receptacle or reservoir, J=cross-section
of bowl-stem, h=draw-tube, i=receptacle, K=plug, L=wad, M=annular recess in
mouth-piece, N=smoke-duct, O= labral orifice, P=cylinder of meerchaum, corru-
gated, p₁=fragments of meerchaum, pinned together, p= wads, strung on a pin,
to keep granulated meerchaum from entering H, I or N, Q-pipe-cleaner.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is a Tobacco-Pipe having :-
1. A condensing tube, either corrugated, or fitted with webs, or with a spiral-
serrated web, constructed substantially as described.
2. A condensing chamber, with walls of high conductivity, made to have a higher
co-efficient-of-radiation by being constructed substantially as described.
3. A receptacle under the draw-tube, in the bowl-stem, with its dimensions
enlarged by being constructed substantially as described.
4. A wad held in position by the periphery of an annular recess in the mouth-
piece, constructed substantially as described.
5. A meerchaum absorbent, either as a corrugated cylinder, as fragments, or
granulated, constructed, or held together, as described.
6. A metallic heat-absorbent or vapour-condenser constructed of a loose open
ball, or a tangled bundle, of fine wire, substantially as described.
7. A pipe-cleaner, with plates cut to the sections of the pipe (except the draw-
tube and smoke-duct which may be capillary) constructed substantially as described.
12th June 1886.
D. H. SHUTTLEWORTH-BROWN.