IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOOKS AND EYES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to George Frederick Parnell, of the Parish of Hoxton,
in the County of Middlesex, Warehouseman, for the Invention of
"IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOOKS AND EYES"
Sealed the 2nd March 1858, and dated the 3rd September 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said George Frederick Parnell
at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
3rd September 1857.
I, GEORGE FREDERICK PARNELL, of the Parish of Hoxton, in the County
of Middlesex, Warehouseman, do hereby declare the nature of the said
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOOKS AND EYES," to be
as follows:-
My said Invention relates to a peculiar construction of hooks and eyes, by
making the eye with an additional portion of metal, so arranged as to press on
the beak of the hook, which is thereby held firmly in its place.
In the ordinary construction of hooks and eyes, the eye has simply two
rings or shoulders, for stitching to any material required, but I elongate the
metal forming each ring, and cause such extra portion to be carried centrally
over the eye without closing it, so that on introducing the hook this addition
acts as a spring to press on the beak. These eyes may be made of various
forms and sizes on this principle.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said George Frederick Parnell in the Great Seal Patent Office
on the 2nd March 1858.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, GEORGE
FREDERICK PARNELL, of the Parish of Hoxton, in the County of Middlesex,
Warehouseman, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Third day of September, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twenty-first year of Her
reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said George Frederick Parnell, Her special licence, that I, the said George
Frederick Parnell, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others
as I, the said George Frederick Parnell, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time.
and at all times thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and
lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands and Isle of Man, an
Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF HOOKS AND EYES,"
the condition (amongst others) that I, the said. George Frederick Parnell,
my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or
their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascer-
tain the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be
performed, and cause the same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office
within six calendar months next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent.
upon
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said George Frederick Parnell, do hereby
declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
he performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the
following statement :-
My said Invention relates to a peculiar construction of hooks and eyes, and
consists in making the eye with an additional portion of metal, so arranged
as to press on the beak of the hook, which is thereby held firmly in its
place.
And for the better understanding of my said improvements, I will now pro-
ceed to detail the particulars thereof, reference being had to the Drawings
hereunto annexed, in which the same letters refer to like parts.

page_text: DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS.
Figure 1, No. 1 is a top view or plan, enlarged to show the construction of
my improved hook and eye, and No. 2 is a side view of the same.
Figure 2, No. 1' is a plan, and No. 21, a side view, shown common size.
A is the hook; B, the eye; a, the beak of the hook; C, the additional metal
or spring of the eye, which pressing on the beak when the hook and eye
are connected, prevents their falling asunder, or too readily separating; band
6 are the shoulders or rings.
I would here observe, that in the ordinary construction of hooks and eyes
the eye has simply two rings or shoulders 6' for stitching to any material
required, but I elongate the metal forming each ring 61, and cause such extra
portion to be carried centrally over the eye, as at C, without closing it, so
that on introducing the hook this addition acts the part of a spring to press
on the beak, yet yielding to a slight pressure to fasten or disengage it.
Having thus fully described my said Invention, I desire it to be understood
that as hooks and eyes may be made of various forms, sizes, and materials,
I do not restrict myself in respect thereto, so long as the principle of my said
Invention is maintained; and I do declare that what I claim is, the peculiar
construction of hooks and eyes, as described.
In witness whereof, I, the said George Frederick Parnell, have here-
unto set my hand seal, this First day of March, in the year of our
Lord 1858.
G. F. PARNELL. (L.S.)