Improvements in the Construction of Four Wheeled Carriages.
Year: 1888

page_text: Date of Application, 21st Aug., 1888
Complete Specification Left. 18th June. 1889-Accepted, 20th July, 1889
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Four Wheeled Carriages.
I, AUGUSTUS GREVILLE MULLINER of No. 62 Great Charlotte Street Liverpool in
the county of Lancashire Managing Director of Francis Mulliner Limited, Carriage
Manufacturers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention to be as follows :—
My Invention relates to Carriages constructed on the general principles of the
American Wagon in which the front and hind wheels and axle beds are connected by
a Perch, and the body rests upon Elliptic or other springs placed transversely to the
Perch over and in line with the front and hind axletrees respectively. In these
carriages the shafts are usually attached to and the horse thus draws from the front
axle bed directly; this axlebed rests upon the axletree and having no spring inter-
vening between the axletree and the axlebed to which the shafts are attached either
directly as before mentioned or by means of curved wood and ironwork as in the
"Oliver " or "Anglo-American" carriage built by my late Father, Francis Mulliner,
great vibration is caused by the jarring of the wheels upon the road and unpleasant
rattling of the shafts and shaft bolts is thus frequently occasioned.
Now my invention is intended to prevent the rattling above mentioned as well as
to give greater ease to carriages of the kind described, and this I effect by interposing
springs of any usual shape or construction between the front axlebed and the front
axletree; the shafts then being attached to the front axle bed or to futchel irous
connected therewith they are thus removed from the direct action of the jolting and
motion imparted to the axletree by the roughness of the road upon which the carriage
may be travelling.
The introduction of springs between the front axlebed and the axletree alters the
height of the front axlebed in relation to the hind axlebed; instead therefore of making
the Perch straight as usual in such carriages I make it with a cranked part or a curve
between the two beds equal to the difference in the height from the ground of the two
beds respectively, and I also make an eye or tube on the front end of the perch pro-
jecting in front or in advance of the upper and axlebeds, and I fix a corresponding
eye or tube to the front of the axlebed, and I then fit a perch-bolt vertically through
these two eyes or tubes for the front wheels and fore carriage to turn upon or "lock."
1000
זג'
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Construction of Fourwheeled Carriages.
I, AUGUSTUS GREVILLE MULLINER of No. 62 Great Charlotte Street Liverpool,
Managing Director of Francis Mulliner Limited, Carriage Manufacturers, do hereby
declare the nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,
to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
My Invention relates to Carriages constructed on the general principles of the
American Wagon in which the front and hind wheels and axlebeds are connected by a
Perch and the body rests upon Elliptic or other springs placed transversely to the
Perch, over and in line with the front and hind axletrees respectively. In these
carriages the shafts are usually attached to and the horse draws froin the front axlebed,
directly; this axlebed rests upon the axletree and having no springs intervening
between the axletree and the axlebed to which the shafts are attached either
directly as before mentioned or by means of curved wood and ironwork forming
"futchels," as in the "Oliver" or Anglo-American carriage built by my late Father,
Francis Mulliner, great vibration is cause by the jarring of the wheels upon the road,
and unpleasant rattling of the shafts and shaft bolts is thus frequently occasioned.
Pin d31

page_text: Now my invention is intended to prevent the rattling above mentioned as well as
to give greater ease to carriages of the kind described, and this I effect by interposing
springs of any usual shape or construction, by preference of Elliptical shape
with the upper half or "dumb
" of iron, between the front axlebed and the front
axletree, the axlebed resting upon the springs; the shafts then being attached to the
axlebed or to futchelirons attached thereto, they are thus removed from the direct
action of the jolting and motion imparted to the axletree by the roughness of the road
upon which the carriage may be travelling. The introduction of springs between
the front axlebed and the axletree alters the height of the front beds in relation to the
hind axle bed; instead therefore of making the perch straight as usual in such
carriages, I make it with a cranked part or a curve equal to the difference in the
height from the ground of the front and bind beds respectively, and I also make an
eye or tube upon the front end of the perch, projecting in front or in advance of the
front upper bed, and I fix a corresponding eye or tube immediately under it upon the
front of the axlebed and I then fit a perchbolt vertically through these two eyes or
tubes for the front wheels and fore carriage to turn upon or lock.
The drawing accompanying this specification represents an Anglo-American
carriage as above described, "a," is the body, supported by the springs "b, b;" c, is the
perch connecting the hind axletree with the front beds; "d," the perchbolt; e, one of
two elliptical springs resting upon the front axletree and supporting the front axlebed
and the front part of the body; f, futchel iron attached to the spring and beds at “g ;”
"h," shaft bolted to futchel iron at "i."
"
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is,
1st. In a carriage of the American or Anglo-American construction, the interposi-
tion of a spring or springs between the front axletree and the axlebed, to make
the carriage more easy and to prevent jarring and rattling of the shafts and
shaftbolts, substantially as hereinbefore described and shewn in the drawing hereto
annexed.
2nd. The general construction of the under carriage of American or Anglo-
American carriages for the said purposes, substantially as above described and shewn
in the drawing hereto annexed.
Dated this 18th day of June 1889.