IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING PALETTE AND OTHER LIKE KNIVES
Year: 1857

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to William Fredrick Taylor Bradshaw, Sheffield, i
the County of York, Palette Knife Manufacturer, No. 54, Thomas
Street, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING PALETTE AND
OTHER LIKE KNIVES."
Scaled the 8th May 1857, and dated the 5th March 1857.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said William Fredrick Taylor
Bradshaw at the Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition;
on the 5th March 1857.
I, WILLIAM FREDRICK TAYLOR BRADSHAW, Palette Knife Manufacturer,
Sheffield, in the County of York, 54, Thomas Street, do hereby declare the
nature of the said Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN MAKING PALETTE AND
OTHER LIKE KNIVES," to be as follows:--
I make the tang, bolster, and so much of the blade call'd the hump in onc
part. I cast this part from metal or any compounds of metal, or I make the
same from wood; I also make the handle and so much of the knife, as the
bolster and hump, in one part. I cast it from metal or any compounds of
metal, or I make the same from wood. The top of the hump contains a deep
groove either in those made from wood or metal. The second or elastic part
I cut from rod or sheet steel of different strength, breadth, and length,
according to size required; I joint them at the hump by the insertion of the

page_text: second part into the groove; I pierce or bore them with holes, and firmly
secure them together with screws or revits.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said William Fredrick Taylor Bradshaw in the Great Seal Patent
Office on the 3rd September 1857.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, WILLIAM
FREDRICK TAYLOR BRADSHAW, of Sheffield, in the County of York, Palette
Knife Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of March, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, in the twentieth year of Her reign,
did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me, the
said William Fredrick Taylor Bradshaw, Her special licence, that I, the
said William Fredrick Taylor Bradshaw, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said William Fredrick Taylor Bradshaw, my
executors, adminstrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, within
the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PALETTE
AND OTHER LIKE KNIVES," upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said
William Fredrick Taylor Bradshaw, my executors cr administrators, by an
instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals,
should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention,
and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be
filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said William Fredrick Taylor Bradshaw, do
hereby declare the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the
same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and
by the following statement, reference being had to the annexed Drawings, that
is to say:
The objects of these improvements are to simplify and reduce the present
excessive and obnoxious mode of manufacture. To effect these objects I
make the palette and other like knives in separate parts, and afterwards joint
them together.

page_text: First, I make the tang, bolster, and so much of the blade called the
hump in one part, as denoted in Drawing by letter A. It is cast from
metal or any compounds of metal by the process known as sand casting.
and can be cast with wrought-iron tangs, which much strengthens the neck
5 and shoulder. This part also contains a deep groove at the top, so as to
admit the corresponding or elastic part of the blade. It is formed by inserting
a steel core into the sand mould, and can be made solid at each side or
completely through, as denoted in Drawing by letter B. I also make this.
part from wood, as denoted in Drawing by letter C. It can be made from
any tough wood; it is shaped by the process known as wood-turning or other--
wise. Any description of handle can be affixed as in the ordinary way.
Second, I make the handle, bolster, and so much of the blade known as the
hump in one separate part, and denoted in Drawing by letter D. This part
also contains the deep groove, as before described, and is cast from metal or
any compounds of metal, and can be made either hollow or solid. The
patterns can be either stamped, chased, engraved, or beautified by other
known processes. I also make this part from wood, as denoted in Drawing by
letter E. It can be made from any tough wood by turning or pressing.
Third, I make the clastic or corresponding part of the blade, as denoted by
letter F, from rod or sheet steel, and cut into various lengths, breadth, and
strength, according to size required. They are hardened and tempered similar
to saws, steel busks, &c. or a modification of those processes. This will effect
a great saving, as it precludes the necessity of hardening in water, whereby
enormous losses are sustained. The length of the elastic or corresponding
parts are cut exact to make two of whatever size, as denoted in Drawing by.
letter G. By this mode it enables the operative to complete his work with
comparative ease.
Fourth, I reduce the elastic or corresponding part to the strength required
by grinding. Large and strong blades are reduced by eccentric rolling
before they are hardened and tempered, and require very little grinding.
afterwards.
Fifth, I joint them together at the special part called the hump by in-
serting the elastic or corresponding part of the blade, as denoted in Drawing
by letter H, into the deep groove, as denoted in Drawing by letter B. They
can be firmly screwed together by many processes, namely, by soldering.
them, or dipping the end of the elastic part into a strong solution of gum
and steel filings, or dipping the same into boiling resin, and immediately
affixing it into the groove, or boring or piercing them with holes, and
securing them together with screws or revits.. By any of the above modes of

page_text: a new one.
aflixing them together, most of the operatives who use palette and other like
knives will be enabled to take out the old elastic part and replace it with
The handle and hump of the knife being made to wear out many
elastic parts, they arc. constructed so as to exactly fit cach other according to
size and number; this will effect a great saving to the operative. By this
improved mode of making palette; and other like. knives, it will wholly abolish -
the excessive branch called forging, and materially simplify and reduce the
obnoxious and expensive mode of grinding. I may here. state, as example,
that one dozen of china. and earthenware printers' palette knives forged with
the hammer weigh sixty ounces, and have to bo reduced by grinding to:
twenty ounces, consequently forty ounces are consumed by grinding alone.
This branch is so laborious and obnoxious that very few men can be induced
to attempt them. By the improved mode only six ounces are consumed in
one dozen of the same kind of knife, and others proportionably so.
Having set forth the nature of my Invention for improvements in making
palette and other like knifes, and described, the manner in which I carry the
same into effect, what I claim as my Invention is,―
First, making the tang; bolster, and so much of the blade known as the
hump of the palette or other like knives in one part, the said part containing
a deep groove at the top, and being made from any kind of metal or any
compounds of metal, or any description of wood.
Second, I claim making the handle, bolster, and so much of the blade
known as the hump of the palette, or other like knives in one part, the said
part containing a deep groove at the top, and being made from any kind of
metal or any compounds of metal, or any description of wood.
Third, I claim making the clastic or corresponding part of the palette, or
other like knives in double lengths.
Fourth, I claim the mode of affixing or jointing the parts of the palette, or
other like knives together by means of a deep groove formed at the top of the
hump, so as to admit the insertion of the elastic or corresponding part of
the blade.
Fifth, I claim making the deep groove solid at each side or open completely
through, either in metals, compounds of metals, or wood.
In witness whereof, I, the said William Fredrick Taylor Bradshaw,
have hereunto set my hand and seal, this Third day of September,
One thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven.
WILLIAM FREDRICK TAYLOR BRADSHAW. (L.S.).
Witness,
GEORGE WALTER DYSON.

page_text: 20
Figure 1 represents a china and earthenware printer's palette knife, full
size, the elastic part disjointed, tang, bolster, and hump made from wood;
Figure 2 represents an edge view of the same. Figure 3 represents tho
bolster and hump cast; the tang is wrought iron; as shown by dotted lines,
elastic part disjointed; Figure 4 represents an edge view of the same.
Figure 5 represents handle, bolster, and hump solid, made from wood, elastic
part disjointed; Figure 6 represents an edge view of the same. Figure 7
represents tang, bolster, and hump cast; the handle is affixed in the ordinary
manner, elastic part disjointed; Figure 8 represents an edge view of the
same. Figure 9 represents the handle, bolster, and hump made from wood,
the elastic part affixed. Figure 10 represents the tang, bolster, and hump
cast, elastic part jointed, and the ordinary handle affixed. Figure 11 repre-
sents the elastic or corresponding part, shaped and ground, in double lengths.
Figure 12 represents a table knife with tang, holster, and hump cast, handle
affixed in the ordinary way. Figure 13 represents a chemist's and druggist's
palette knife, with tang, bolster, and hump cast, handle affixed in the ordinary
manner. Figure 14 represents a French artist's palette knife, handle, bolster,
and hump cast in one part, pattern embossed, elastic part jointed. Figure 15
represents tang, bolster, and hump of a long shank artist's palette knife cast,
pattern chased, elastic part disjointed. Figure 16 represents an artist's palette
knife, the tang, bolster, and hump cast, the elastic part jointed, the handle
ivory, and affixed in the ordinary manner, pattern fluted. Figure 17 repre-
sents a gilder's palette knife, elastic part affixed, the tang, bolster, and hump
cast, handle made from horn, pattern pressed, handle affixed in the ordinary
manner. Figure 18 represents the tang, bolster, and hump of a gilder's
palette knife cast, pattern engraved, elastic part not affixed. Figure 19 repre-
sents a short shank artist's palette knife, tang, bolster, and hump cast, handle
cast hollow, and affixed in the ordinary manner, pattern engraved.
Witness,
WILLIAM FREDRICK TAYLOR BRADSHAW. (L.S.)
GEORGE WALTER DYSON.