Improvements in the Manufacture of Man-holes and Stand-pipes for Steam Boilers.
Year: 1891

page_text: Date of Application, 12th Dec., 1891:
Complete Specification Left, 11th July, 1892-Accepted, 30th July, 1892
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Man-holes and Stand-pipes for
Steam Boilers.
.
We WILLIAM MALAM of 911 Ashton Old Road Fairfield and WILLIAM
SCHOFIELD of 719 Ashton Old Road Openshaw, both near Manchester in the
County of Lancaster, Boiler Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention to be as follows :-
The object of this invention is to manufacture manholes and stand pipes for
steam boilers without welding or joint from a solid cast or wrought ingot or
bloom.
According to our invention this may be effected in two ways; first from a solid
cast steel ingot and secondly from a wrought iron bloom.
In the first case we cast a solid ingot in a cylindrical form the depth of the
required manhole and with a flange at top and bottom, and we bore or punch a hole
through the centre of this cylinder.
We then place this ingot in a rolling machine similar to that employed for
rolling weldless tyres for railway and other wheels, and we roll the ingot out to
the required diameter and thickness, after which we form the lower flange to fit
the curve of the boiler.
To obtain the same result in forged or wrought metal, we take a bloom in the
form of a cylinder deeper than the required manhole; and we form the flange at the
top and bottom by placing the same on end upon the anvil of a steam hammer and
surrounding the central portion with a die in the form of a ring or hoop made in:
two pieces with a circular recess above and below and secured together round the
bloom. We then set the hammer in action which " upsets both ends of the
cylinder forming a flange at top and bottom, the upset portion filling the recesses
in the top and bottom of the die made for that purpose.
22
Or, we take a cylindrical bar or bloom of the diameter of the required flanges,
and by means of swages or otherwise we reduce the centre part so as to leave a
flange or collar at each end.
"
In either case we then punch or bore a hole through the solid "bloom or
cylinder, and for large diameters we roll it to the diameter and thickness of the
manhole required, as described with regard to the first case, but for small diameters
we make the article solid of the size required, and simply bore or punch the hole
through the centre.
We make the doubled flanged stand pipes in the same manner, excepting that
the proportions of the ingot or "bloom
and the grooves in the roll will be
varied to suit the difference in diameter and height of the finished article
required.
Dated this 11th day of December 1891

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Man-holes and Stand-pipes for
Steam Boilers.
3:
We WILLIAM MALAM of 911 Ashton Old Road Fairfield and WILLIAM
SCHOFIELD of 719 Ashton Old Road Openshaw both near Manchester in the
County of Lancaster, Boiler Makers, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be-performed to be particularly described and
ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of this invention is to manufacture manholes and stand-pipes. for
steam boilers without any welding or joint from a solid cast or wrought ingot
or bloom.
:
The nature of our said invention and the manner in which the same is to be
performed or carried into practical effect will be readily understood on reference
to the illustrative drawings hereunto annexed and the following explanation
thereof.
According to our invention we manufacture man-holes and stand-pipes for steam
boilers and other similar purposes, in two ways; first from a solid cast steel ingot
and secondly from a solid wrought iron bloom.
In the first case we cast a solid ingot in a cylindrical form the depth of the
required man-hole, and with a flange a at top and bottom as shown at Figs. 1
and 2 of the drawings (elevation and plan view), and we bore or punch a hole b
through the centre of this cylinder sec sectional views Figs. 3 and 4.
We then make this ingot red hot and place it in a rolling machine similar to that
employed for rolling weldless tyres for railway and other wheels, and we roll the
ingot out to the required diameter and thickness as shown at Fig. 5 after which
we form the lower flange a¹ to fit the curve of the boiler as shown at Fig. 6.
To obtain the same result in forged or wrought metal, we take a heated bloom c
in the form of a cylinder (see Fig. 7) deeper than the required man-hole, and we
form the flange at the top and bottom by placing the same on end on the anvil d
of a steam hammer, and surrounding the central portion with a die e formed in two
pieces and having a circular recess above and below, the two parts being secured
together round the bloom e as shown.
We then set the hammer in action and the descent of the hammer block g (sec
Fig. 8) upsets" both ends of the cylindrical bloom forming a flange at top and
bottom like a Fig. 1 the "upset" portion filling the recesses made in the top and
bottom of the dice for that purpose.
Or a hydraulic press may be used in place of the steam hammer. Or, we
take a
cylindrical bar or bloom of the diameter of the flanges a and by means of swages
or otherwise we reduce the centre part so as to leave a projecting flange or collar
at each end.
In either case we then punch or bore a hole b through the solid bloom or
cylinder (see Figs. 3 and 4) and (for large diameters) we roll it out to the
diameter and thickness of the man-hole required as described with regard to Figs. 5
ad 6, but for smaller diameters we make the article solid in the first instance of
the form and size required and simply bore or punch the hole through the centre.
Or, instead of making. a solid bloom or cylinder and punching or boring the
hole as above we 'may form the hole at the same time as the flanges by pro-
viding the anvil d and the hammer block g with a stud or pap has shown by dotted
lines at Fig. 7; or a drawn tube of the required depth and thickness may be used
instead of a solid cylinder.
We make the double flanged stand-pipes in the same manner excepting that
the proportions of the ingot or bloom and the grooves in the rolls will be
varied to suit the difference in diameter and height of the finished article
required.

page_text: Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we-
claim is :-
The manufacture of rolled or forged man-holes or stand-pipes for steam.
boilers without either welding or joint, from solid cast or wrought metal ingots
or blooms substantially as hereinbefore described and illustrated by the drawings-
annexed.
Dated this 9th day of July 1892.
GEO. DAVIES & SON,
4, St. Ann's Square, Manchester, Agents for the Applicants..