Improvements in the Manufacture of Refractory Bricks, Blocks, and Slabs, Pipe and other Coverings, Furnace and like Linings, Retorts, Saggere, Melting Pots, Road Pavements, and the like, and in Com- positions for Forming the same and for other uses as a Substitute for Mortars and Cements.
Year: 1897

page_text: Date of Application, 9th Dec., 1897
Complete Specification Left, 7th Oct., 1898-Accepted, 26th Nov., 1898
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Refractory Bricks, Blocks, and
Slabs, Pipe and other Coverings, Furnace and like Linings, Retorts,
Saggere, Melting Pots, Road Pavements, and the like, and in Com-
positions for Forming the same, and for other uses as a Substitute
for Mortars and Cements.
I, JOHN GRANGE, of Alsagers Bank, near Newcastle, in the County of Stafford,
Steam Pipe and Boiler Coverer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
to be as follows:-
This invention consists in making refractory bricks blocks and slabs, pipe
and like coverings, furnace and like linings, retorts, saggers, melting pots, road
pavements and the like, of the compositions herein described which compositions
also form part of this invention and can also be used to form a road pavement
and for covering walls and for building with bricks in place of mortar and
cements.
The chief ingredient of the composition above referred to is blast furnace slug
of the kind which is obtained in the manufacture of the best North Staffordshire
pig iron as this slag has a considerable amount of lime in it. In making the
said composition I grind the said furnace slag into a fine powder and I add to
the powder gas tar salt and starch in say about the following proportions more
or less to each one hundred weight of powdered slag, that is to say,
These are mixed and ground into the powdered blust furnace slug with sufficient
water to make the mixture into a more or less sticky paste according to the
particular purpose for which the composition is required.
The starch and salt may be omitted.
When hot gas pipes such as those in the economisers of coke ovens are covered
by the mixture above described it soon sets very hard and effectually retains
the heat in the pipes.
Of the composition above described various articles can be moulded and
formed such for instance as refractory bricks blocks und slabs for building
purposes and for fire-proof floors and for many purposes to take the place of
bricks which are made of fire-clay, and steam pipes and boilers can be covered
with the composition and it can be used as a lining for furnaces and from it
can be formed gas retorts, saggers, melting pots and other heat resisting refractory
articles and the said composition can also be used as a pavement for roadways
and footpaths.
The articles formed of the composition above described are when dry burnt
in a kiln or not so burnt.
When applying my invention to steam pipes and to the outside of boilers

page_text: and for other like uses where the pipes or metal parts covered by the composition
are not red hot, then I use any ordinary non-conducting composition between
my improved composition and the metal which is covered by it so as to prevent
the pipes or other metal being acted upon by the salt in my composition.
In a modification of my invention I dispense with the salt gas tar and starch
and simply grind up the said blast furnace slag very fine and mix the same
with water with or without any desired quantity of sand or ashes and then it
will serve the purpose of mortar or cement for use in building walls or for
coating walls and for making footpaths and for making concrete and for various
other purposes for which various kinds of mortars and cements are now used.
Dated this 8th day of December 1897.
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.
Improvements in the Manufacture of Refractory Bricks, Blocks, and
Slabs, Pipe and other Coverings, Furnace and like Linings, Retorts,
Saggers, Melting Pots, Road Pavements, and the like, and in Com-
positions for Forming the same, and for other uses as a Substitute
for Mortars and Cements.
I, JOHN GRANGE, of Alsagers Bank, near Newcastle, in the County of Stafford,
Steam Pipe and Boiler Coverer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention
and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described
and ascertained in and by the following statement:
-
This invention consists in making refractory bricks blocks and slabs, pipe
and like coverings, furnace and like linings, retorts, saggers, melting pots, road
pavements and the like, of the compositions herein described which compositions
also form part of this invention and can also be used to form a road pavement
and for covering walls and for building with bricks in place of mortar and
cements:
The chief ingredient of the composition above reforred to is blast furnace slag a
of the kind which is obtained in the manufacture of the best North Staffordshire
pig iron as this slag hus a considerable amount of lime in it. In making the
Baid composition I grind the said furnace slag into a fine powder and I add to
the powder gas-tar, salt and starch in say about the following proportions more
or less to each one hundred weight of powdered slag, that is to say,
1 gallons gas-tar.
12 lbs of salt.
2 or 3 lbs. of starch.
These are mixed and ground into the powdered blast furnace slag with sufficient
water to make the mixture into a more or less sticky paste according to the 4
particular purpose for which the composition is required.
The starch and salt may be omitted.
When hot gas pipes such as those in the economisers of coke ovens are covered
by the mixture above described it soon sets very hard and effectually retains
the heat in the pipes.
Of the composition above described various articles can be moulded and
formed such for instance as refractory bricks blocks and slabs for building
purposes and for fire-proof floors and for many purposes to take the place of

page_text: bricks which are made of fire-clay, and steam pipes and boilers can be covered
with the composition and it can be used as a lining for furnaces and from it
can be formed gas retorts, saggers, melting pots and other heat resisting refractory
articles and the said composition can also be used as a pavement for roadways
and footpaths.
The articles formed of the composition above described are when dry burnt
in a kiln or not so burnt.
When applying my invention to steam pipes and to the outside of boilers
and for other like uses where the pipes or metal parts covered by the composition
are not red hot, then I use any ordinary non-conducting composition between
my improved composition and the metal which is covered by it so as to prevent
the pipes or other metal being acted upon by the salt in my composition.
In a modification of my invention I dispense with the salt, gas-tur and starch
and simply grind up the said blast furnace slag very fine and mix the same
with water with or without any desired quantity of sand or ashes and then it
will serve the purpose of mortar or cement for use in building walls or for
coating walls and for making footpaths and for making concrete and for various
other purposes for which various kinds of mortars and cements are now used.
my Baid
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what
I claim is:-
1. The manufacture of refractory bricks blocks and slabs, pipes and like
coverings, furnace and like linings, retorts, saggers, melting pots, road pavements
and the like of ground blast furnace slag of the kind herein referred to mixed
with gas-tar and with or without the addition of salt and starch in the propor-
tions and substantially as set forth.
2. The improved composition for making refractory bricks blocks and slabs,
pipe and like coverings, furnace and like linings, retorts, saggers, melting pots,
road pavements and the like and for covering walls and for building with bricks
in place of mortars and cements, said composition consisting of a mixture of
ground blast furnace slag of the kind herein referred, to with gas-tar and with
or without salt and starch in the proportions and substantially as set forth.
3. In mortar and cement for use in building walls and for coating walls and
for making foot-paths and concrete and for various other purposes for which
mortars and cements are used, the employment of finely ground blast furnace
slag of the kind herein referred to in the manner substantially as set forth.
Dated this 6th day of October 1898
CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY,
Agent for the Applicant.