Improvements in or relating to Adjustable Pipe Wrenches, Spanners, or the like.
Year: 1893

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Mar., 1893-Accepted, 22nd Apr., 1898
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Improvements in or relating to Adjustable Pipe Wrenches,
Spanners, or the like.
I, RUPERT PEEL RICHARDS; of 112; Edleston Road, Crewe, in the County of
Chester, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of this invention and in what
manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in
and by the following statement :-
This invention relates to improvements in pipe wrenches or tongs, spanners or the
like devices used in connection with the screwing together of pipes or the like or
the adjustment of nuts and bolts.
The object of the invention is to provide an adjustable wrench or spanner which
will be simpler in its adjustment than the wrenches or spanners at present in use.
To this end the invention consists essentially in providing one portion of the wrench
or spanner with one or more slots into which a suitable projection or projections
on the other portion of the wrench or spanner may engage, according to the size of
the pipe or nut to be gripped between the jaws of the two pieces.
In order that my invention may be readily understood I append hereunto a
sheet of explanatory drawings which show the invention applied to a pipe wrench
though it will be understood that it is applicable to spanners constructed in a
somewhat similar manner to Figures 1 and 2-that is to say, spanners characterised
by two jaws having arms attached or formed integral with them said arms being at
present connected together by a rivet or pin.
In the drawings Fig. 1 shows a side elevation of the pipe wrench, Fig. 2 a plan
whilst Fig. 3 is a side elevation of a wrench, having one long jaw only.
Referring chiefly to Figures 1 and 2 A is the adjustable jaw of the spanner,
whilst B is what might be termed the stationary jaw. In the stationary jaw B is
formed two or more slots b preferably of the shape shown. The jaw A is provided
with one or more projections a-preferably a steel or iron pin passed through it
and secured in any suitable manner. This pin on the jaw A engages with one of
the slots b.the latter serving as a fulcrum round which the jaw may rotate. The
slots bare placed at such a distance apart that when the pin a is in the first one any
size of pipe up to say half inch diameter may be gripped whilst when it is in the
second slot pipes from inch diameter to say 1 inch may be gripped and so on
according to the number of slots in the jaw B. The slots although preferably
formed as shown may be constructed in any suitable way so long as they serve the
purpose of holding the pin or pins a in position, whilst a pipe is being gripped.
The wrench showing Fig. 3 differs only from that shown in Figures 1 and 2 in that
one jaw has no extending arm and the gripping face of the jaws are of n different
shape.
In all the figures the jaws may be formed with the usual serrated faces though
not necessarily of the shape shown. In other respects the wrenches may also be
constructed as desired and of any suitable material.
It will be obvious that the slots may be made in the jaw A and the projections
on the jaw B though the arrangement described ia I think preferable. I would also
point out that the slots need not pass through the entire thickness of the side
pieces of the jaw B but that they may only extend say half the thickness from the
inside. In this way the jaw would be made much stronger and the projections
would be shorter and their moments of leverage much reduced.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I
claim is :-
(1) An adjustable wrench or apanner one jaw of which is provided with one or

page_text: more slots whilst the other is provided with one or more projections or a pro-
jecting pin which takes into the said slots substantially as and for the purposes
described:
1
T
(2) An adjustable wrench constructed substantially as shown and described
either with reference to, Figures, 1 and 2 or with reference to Fig. 3.
Dated this 11th day of March 1893.
Per pro EMMOTT & Co., LIMITED,
Robert Wood, Secretary,
2, New Bridge Street, Manchester, and 85, Strand, London,
Agents for the Applicant.