Improvements relating to Apparatus for Smelting and otherwise Treating Ores.
Year: 1889

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements relating to Apparatus for Smelting and otherwise
Treating Ores.
We, PHINEAS HAZEN ADAMS, Jr. Mechanic, and ORSEMAS THEOPHILUS XENOPHON
ADAMS, Mechanic, Citizens of the United States residing at 31 South Canal Street,
Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, do hereby declare the nature of this
invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be particularly
described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The object of our invention is to arrange a plant for use in smelting ores and
centrifugally treating, the resulting materials, and handling, and disposing of the
materials treated; and our invention consists in the arrangement and combination and
relations of the various features and parts hereinafter described.
We wish to say however that in the consideration of the plant hereinafter described,
we desire it to be distinctly understood and borne in mind that our inventions are
intended not only to be applied to any use to which they are adapted, but to have
more particular reference to the practical application or reduction to use in the most
advantageous manner of the process described and claimed by Orrin B. Peck, in the
Letters Patent issued to him in the United States November 6th 1888, No. 392,456
and in British Letters Patent No. 17069 Nov. 23rd 1888 for a process of desulphurizing
ores and decomposing metallic salts, in the drawings and description of which he
made use of our invention to illustrate one means of effecting his process, and which
in his specification, he acknowledges, though with slight inaccuracy, when he says
that the apparatus which he describes and shows is the invention of Phineas H.
Adams Jr, of Chicago.
To enable a more comprehensive understanding of our invention, we will here say
that in carrying out, and in the construction, arrangement, and operation of our
plant, for the purpose above described, we secure certain relations and conditions that
are very desirable and some of them essential to be secured or produced and main-
tained, to effect, facilitate and promote the most convenient and effective operation
and co-operation of the various parts and features entering into the plant, and to
facilitate and secure the most effective, complete, rapid and economical, separation or
decomposition and disposition of the materials smelted or melted and treated, and
also to secure the greatest possible capacity of a plant in its operation.
In conducting the operations of smelting furnaces it is necessary to have them
located in such a manner as will permit of free access to, and around their base, to
enable the workmen to tap the furnace at the proper time, handle the molten material
or product, and attend to much work that is always incumbent upon them while
carrying on the operations of the furnace or plant, and to permit of this it is necessary
to have some considerable space on the surface of the dump around the smelting
furnaces, in and upon which to handle mattes and speiss, and for other purposes.
This surface or space should be of some extent, and as little incumbered with
machinery as possible. And, on the other hand, to secure the best and most complete,
as well as economical results, in the centrifugal treatment of the molten material from
the smelting furnaces, it is desirable to keep the material as nearly at furnace

page_text: temperature as possible, so as to keep, or have it in a thin fluid state of fusion until
it has been treated and thrown off or discharged from the centrifugal apparatus. We
aim to accomplish both of these objects or conditions as hereinafter described. To
maintain this state of thin fluidity of the molten material, which is necessary while
passing through the centrifugal apparatus and undergoing incipient and progressive
stages of treatment, separation, or decomposition, it is very desirable, if not quite
necessary, to have a continuous flow of the material to be treated into the revolving
receiving-vessel of the apparatus, which will prevent its crusting over, or hardening
by or through loss or radiation of its heat, thereby preventing or retarding effective
decomposition, or separation of the materials while passing through the revolving
receiving vessel, and undergoing treatment. To secure the most complete and
effective treatment and to insure the best operation of the apparatus, the molten
material should also be introduced into the revolving receiving vessel with as much
uniformity of flow as possible compatable with the treatment capacity of the apparatus.
It is also preferable to handle the molten material to be treated, in such manner
before it is introduced into the revolving receiving vessel of the apparatus, when the
properties and condition of such material render it possible, as will enable the heaviest
parts or properties of the material, or those most influenced by gravitation, to be
precipitated or collected by gravitation and prevented flowing into the receiving
vessel. The purpose and object of this is to reduce the service of the receiving
vessel, that is, to reduce the amount of material collected and retained in it, thereby
filling it up less frequently and necessitating its removal from the apparatus for
emptying the material so collected less frequently.
As the centrifugal apparatus is comparatively speaking of considerable height the
ones constructed vertically being sometimes ten or twelve feet or even higher,
although some are not so high, and as the molten material to be treated is introduced
into the revolving-vessel of the apparatus near or through its top, and as the
conveyors or vessels conveying or carrying the molten material from the smelting
furnaces to the apparatus run or travel on the surface of the dump upon which the
smelting furnaces stand, and as these conveyors are usually about from twenty to
thirty inches in height, it will be understood, that unless the molten material is
elevated to a sufficient height to permit its introduction into the revolving receiving
vessel of the apparatus, the apparatus must be lowered, so that its top, or the point
where the molten material is introduced, is sufficiently low. Instead of elevating the
material to be treated, we prefer to lower the apparatuses so that their mouths will be
near the surface upon which the conveyers pass to and from the smelting furnaces;
and where an intermediate receiving or precipitating vessel is employed, the top of
the apparatus should be still lower to accoinmodate the use of this vessel. We deem
the most desirable location or height of the apparatus, that which will bring its top,
or the point where the molten material is introduced into it, to about a level of, or
somewhat lower, than, the surface of the ground or dump upon which the smelting
furnaces stand, and upon which the conveyors or vessels that carry the molten
material from the smelting furnaces to the apparatus run, but where a storage or
precipitating vessel is used next to the apparatus, then such point, for convenience,
should be somewhat lower.
To remove and handle the cover and parts of the apparatus preparatory to removing
the revoluble receiving vessel to empty it when it has become filled or to remove the
vessel at any time with the material collected, and to replace it again, it is also
necessary to provide means for this purpose.
And, to most conveniently receive the material treated from the apparatus, and
handle it for final disposition, it is desirable to provide and arrange a track or
surface and conveyor or car that will pass or run in proximity to the apparatus for
this purpose; and, as the revoluble receiving vessels of the apparatus are to be
revolved very rapidly, it is also necessary to provide and arrange suitable means
through which this may be accomplished.
To best secure the various conditions, features, relations, objects and results above

page_text: mentioned, we have devised and arranged our invention substantially as shown in the
drawings and herein set forth, although as hereinafter stated; we do not confine our-
selves to the exact arrangement of parts, or the use of all of them in one plant.
In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of our plant, with our furnaces and
centrifugal apparatuses in place.
Figure 2 is a vertical section on the line 2 of figure 1, showing some of the parts
in elevation.
Figure 3 is a vertical section on the line 3 of figure 1, illustrating some
modifications.
Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 are views of details hereinafter described.
In arranging our plant for use in melting or smelting ores, and centrifugally
treating the resulting materials, as they flow from the smelting furnaces, and while
the substances treated are in a molten condition, by the action of centrifugal force,
and handling and disposing of the materials treated, we prefer to arrange the smelting
furnace or furnaces and the centrifugal apparatus, or apparatuses in such relation to
each other that the material to be treated may be conveniently and speedily conveyed
from the smelting furnaces to the apparatuses in which it is treated. To this end we
prefer to arrange a number of smelting furnaces, preferably in close proximity to
each other, and, where more than one are used in a line or row, and to arrange a
number of centrifugal apparatuses in proximity to each other and to the smelting
furnace, and, where more than one are used, preferably in a row on the same side of
the smelting furnaces, and at the same tinie preferably on a lower plane than the
smelting furnaces. We do not propose in this patent to claim any special con-
struction of smelting furnaces, nor any special construction of the centrifugal appa-
ratuses. We contemplate the use of different kinds of smelting furnaces, and of
different kinds of centrifugal apparatuses, whether arranged vertically or horizontally;
though we prefer to make them of the construction described and claimed in some
one or other of our various applications for patents, relating to their construction and
operation. We need not, therefore, enter into the details of construction of either
the furnaces or the centrifugal apparatuses, but shall proceed to describe the adapta-
tion of them to each other to secure the results desired.
After arranging the smelting furnaces A, intended to enter into the plant, in
their respective positions, and, as before said, where more than one is used, preferably
in a row and on the same plane, we arrange the centrifugal apparatuses B, close to
them, and where more than one is used, preferably in a row and preferably on a
lower plane, as in a trench, excavation, shelf or natural depression of the ground, so
as to bring them into such relative height to the smelting furnaces, or the cars or
conveyors conveying the molten material to them, as that the material, in molten
state, may readily, conveniently, and speedily, and preferably without elevating it,
be conveyed from the furnaces into the apparatuses. If the centrifugal apparatuses
be arranged in a trench or excavation, it preferably should be of sufficient size to
permit access to the running gear, or such parts of the apparatus as are located
therein, and, if desired, or when the location of the discharge from the apparatus
requires it, this space should be sufficient to permit of, and be provided with, a
passage, for the introduction of a car or other means for receiving and conveying
away the material discharged by centrifugal force from the receiving vessels of the
apparatus. The receiving vessels of the centrifugal apparatuses should be rotated at
a high rate of speed, and appropriate means employed for that purpose, which we
have shown in the drawings as a line shaft F, carrying pulleys K, that are adapted to
have belts run from them to the band or belt wheels of the actuating shafts of the
apparatuses, but they need not be described in detail, and any other appropriate means
may be employed for the purpose.
Leading from each of the melting furnaces which enter into the plant, where
more than one are used, we preferably arrange a system of tracks, consisting pre-
erably of two main tracks C and C', arranged respectively in front of the smelting
urnaces, and the centrifugal apparatuses, where more than one are used, connected
by branch tracks C³, to enable a car or conveyor, E¹, containing molten material to

page_text: pass conveniently and rapidly from preferably any of the smelting furnaces to any
of the centrifugal apparatuses desired. We have shown these main tracks and branch
tracks as arranged at right angles to each other, except as to one track, where we
have shown it running diagonally from one of the smelting furnaces to one of the
centrifugal apparatuses. This diagonal arrangement of tracks may be adopted with
advantage in some cases, while the general arrangement shown in Figure 1 we think
will be found best adapted for general application, though we do not limit ourselves
to an arrangement of any of the tracks at right angles to each other. Arranged at
the intersections of the various tracks, we preferably provide what may be termed
turn tables D, to enable the conveyor containing the molten material to be con-
veniently and readily turned, as may be desired, in running it with its molten
material to the centrifugal apparatuses, and back to the furnaces, empty, and we
preferably also provide turn tables E, in some of the tracks, and not at the inter-
sections of other tracks, as will often be found convenient to turn the conveyor
before reaching the centrifugal apparatus, where the matter of room or space is to
be considered. The car or conveyor is intended to be of a proper size to contain
about the quantity of molten material that will be tapped or discharged at one time
from a smelting furnace, and is preferably provided with wheels to enable it to be
readily run along the tracks.
In Figures 1 and 2 we have shown a storage and precipitating vessel G, arranged
between the smelting furnaces and the centrifugal apparatus, adjacent to the latter,
and preferably on a plane intermediate in height between the two, preferably
located and arranged in such relation to the apparatus as will enable the molten
material to flow from this vessel into the revolving receiving vessel of the apparatus
by its own gravitation, through a spout g, or other means. This arrangement will
also permit of the molten material being easily and quickly emptied into the
storage and precipitating vessel, and permit it to flow therefrom through the pipe
or spout g, provided for the purpose, into the receiving vessel of the centrifugal
apparatus in a comparatively steady and uniform stream. By the use of a storage
vessel, into which the molten material may be emptied or dumped in any quantity
as it comes from the different smelting furnaces, the material may be discharged,
or flow, from this vessel into the centrifugal apparatus in a constant and uniform
stream, as above stated, adapted in size to the most perfect and effective operation
of the centrifugal apparatus which can be secured, while the car or conveyor, thus
being quickly dumped or emptied, without heed to, or materially effecting the flow
of its molten material to the apparatus, can be immediately used again, and before
it has had time to cool, so that the quantity of material solidified or partly solidified
in transit from the smelting furnaces is reduced to a minimum. The great utility
and importance of this vessel for receiving, storing, and feeding the molten material,
in connection with a smelting furnace and centrifugal apparatus, can be readily
understood and appreciated. The spout or pipe g, from this storage vessel may be,
located at any position near its bottom that circumstances may render convenient,
and the hole through which the molten material flows may be properly proportioned
in size for the flow of the desired stream of material. To permit the storage vessel
to be moved along from one centrifugal apparatus to another, or to empty it, as
will occasionally be found desirable, we preferably provide a track G', running
along the plane on which it is arranged. As above intimated the storage vessel is
also preferably employed as a precipitating vessel to enable the heaviest portion of
material, or those most influenced by gravitation, to precipitate or settle to the
bottom and be caught without passing into the centrifugal apparatus. When thus used
the hole or spout g, through which the molten material passes to the centrifugal
apparatus, should be sufficiently above the bottom to leave space or room in which
the material may precipitate or settle. When the material thus caught has accu-
mulated in a sufficient quantity, this vessel may be run down opposite a chute J,
or to any convenient receptacle, and its contents dumped or emptied, and cared for,
as hereinafter described, but we prefer to provide this storage and precipitating
vessel with another hole or spout m, lower than the one g, through which the

page_text: material precipitated may be tapped, or drawn from time to time, when necessary.
We also prefer to provide a car or receptacle, M, running on the tracks G', to
receive this precipitated material as it is tapped from the vessel G, and carry it
away. The hole is stopped with clay while not being used, which is removed with
a bar when desired. It will be seen that by the use of a precipitating vessel, in
connection with a smelting furnace and a centrifugal apparatus, by passing the
molten material through the precipitating vessel before it passes into the revolving
receiving vessel of the apparatus, and collecting or precipitating all of the heaviest
material desired to be recovered or collected and that is sufficiently influenced by
gravitation to precipitate, the receiving vessel of the apparatus will not become
filled so frequently with this heavy material, and hence will not have to be
emptied so frequently, necessitating stoppage of the apparatus for the removal
and emptying of the collected material which of course will increase the treatment
capacity of the apparatus, as it may be run more continuously or with fewer
interruptions. In Figure 3 we have shown a precipitating vessel G2, arranged
immediately in front of a smelting furnace, instead of adjacent to the centrifugal
apparatus. In this figure, which also. represents a horizontal centrifugal apparatus,
we have shown the material as emptied from a car or conveyor E³, into a spout,
through which it is directed into the receiving vessel of the apparatus. Here the
storage vessel is dispensed with. In this case we have also dispensed with the
system of tracks from the smelting furnaces, illustrated in Figure 1, and simply
provide a smooth surface, over which the conveyors may be run, and provide con-
veyors that are adapted to pass or run over such a surface, instead of on tracks.
In order to lift out the receiving vessels of the centrifugal apparatuses when it is
desirable to empty that portion of the material which has not been thrown off by
the action of centrifugal force, and to empty their contents into a receptacle, and
to move or handle the cover or top and other parts of the apparatus, we prefer
to provide an overhanging tramway H, above the centrifugal apparatuses. A
derrick or tackle car I, is arranged to run back and forth on the tramway, on
wheels adapted for the purpose. This car provided with a suitable hoist, derrick
or tackle to enable the cover of the apparatus to be removed and the receiving
vessels to be caught with hooks or otherwise, and lifted out of the centrifugal
apparatuses, as specially shown in detail in Figures 2 and 7. It will be found most
convenient to provide more than one of the derrick cars, as we have termed them,
to run on this tramway, but we do not limit ourselves to this special form of tackle,
hoist, or derrick car, or arrangement of the same.
When it is desired to empty the contents of the receiving vessel of one of the
centrifugal apparatuses, the derrick car is run along the tramway to a position over
the centrifugal apparatus. The top of the apparatus is removed, and the receiving
vessel lifted by a hoist to a proper height, when the car carrying the receiving vessel
is moved along the track to the place where the contents of the receiving vessels are
to be emptied. We prefer to provide a common chute J, into which the contents of
the different receiving vessels may be emptied. This chute is preferably placed
between the centrifugal apparatuses, when more than one apparatus is used, so as to
be in the handiest position with reference to their location. It is preferably extended
over a track N' as shown in Figure 1, so that a car can be run under its end and the
material deposited in it flowed or emptied into the car, when it may be conveyed to
any desired place. The chute J may also serve for receiving the material from the
car M and vessel G. This track N¹, as shown in the drawings, permits cars to be run
into position to receive and carry away not only the material deposited in the chute J,
but also the material thrown off from the receiving vessels by the action of centrifugal
force. A car N is shown in Figures 1 and 2 receiving the material so thrown off.
The track, of course, is extended to any convenient distance for the final disposition
of the matter thrown off from the receiving vessels. When the centrifugal apparatus
is almost entirely in the excavation, or so much so as to require it, this car or con-
veyor N, or other suitable one, and, when desired the track N', may be run, or pass
through a suitable passage to such excavation, to receive and convey the material

page_text: discharged from the apparatus. It is preferable in all instances when the apparatus
sets in an excavation, either wholly or partially to cover such parts of the excavation
as is practicable with a covering or roofing, which we have indicated by P in figures 1,
2 and 4, to afford as nearly a level and unobstructed surface for convenience of opera-
tion over or about the top of the apparatus as possible. In most cases it is very
desirable, as before suggested, to place the centrifugal apparatus wholly or partially
in an excavation, to render it sufficiently low for the convenient and speedy intro-
duction of the molten material into the revolving receiving vessel of the apparatus,
and also to afford as little obstruction to the surface of the dump around the furnace
and entire plant as possible, and, as far as practicable, these excavations should be
covered, so as to afford a smooth even surface for the workmen, and the operation of
the plant. While we do not wish to confine ourselves to the exact details of con-
struction and arrangement of parts shown in the drawings, as they may be varied to
some extent to suit the operator and the conditions and locality of their operations we
prefer to provide the various vessels and conveyors containing molten material with
covers so far as practical, to retain the heat in them and keep the material in them as
fluid as possible. In Figures 5 and 6 we have shown a couple of these vessels, but
they may be made of any proper size or shape to suit the operator.
In operation, when a smelting furnace is ready to be tapped, the car or conveyor E¹
is run up, and the molten material tapped or flowed into it. It is then moved along
the track to the particular centrifugal apparatus with which is desired to treat the
molten material, and emptied or dumped into the storage or precipitating vessel,
where one is used, adjacent to the centrifugal apparatus, from which vessel the
material flows or is conveyed into the revolving receiving vessel of the centrifugal
apparatus. The conveyor may then and before cooling be quickly run up to another
smelting furnace, and receive a new supply to be in turn conveyed and dumped into
the storage or precipitating vessel to flow into the centrifugal apparatus. In this way
the supply of molten material furnished from several smelting furnaces may be treated
in the same centrifugal apparatus, and where two or more centrifugal apparatuses are
employed, they may be used either simultaneously or successively, as the quantity of
molten material supplied by the smelting furnaces may render it necessary or
desirable. And while the receiving vessel from one of the centrifugal apparatuses is
being lifted out and emptied, as above described, another apparatus can be in use.
In this way there need be no interruption or cessation of work, and, all of the material
supplied by the smelting furnaces may be treated while in its hottest and most fluid
condition. The use of two or more centrifugal apparatuses, where several smelting
furnaces are used, to permit this constant operation is the more important from the
fact that it is desirable, if not indeed essential, to treat the molten material as quickly
as possible after it leaves the smelting furnaces, and before it has had time to diminish
in fluidity by cooling.
In conclusion, we will say that we do not wish to limit ourselves to the exact
arrangement of the various parts and features entering into our plant, their form, size
or peculiarities of construction, or relative location on different planes; as many of
these matters may be varied as the location of the plant or the conditions of operation
may require or render desirable, and still embody or involve the substantial features
of our invention. Neither do we wish to limit ourselves to the use of all of the
features or parts described or shown, as some of them may be entirely omitted, to suit
the location of the plant, the conditions of its operation, the state and nature of the
materials to be smelted and treated, or for other reasons. To sum up, we will say that
the foundation features and principle of our invention are, broadly, the use and
arrangement of one or more smelting furnaces adapted to smelt or melt the sub-
stances or materials to be treated, and one or more centrifugal apparatuses constructed,
adapted and located to receive and treat the molten material furnished by the
smelting furnaces and cars or conveyors, adapted to be passed or conveyed between
the smelting furnaces and the centrifugal apparatus receiving the molten material
from the smelting furnaces and conveying it to apparatuses operating in conjunction,
or co-operating to accomplish the desired end, although our invention preferably.

page_text: employs other parts and features in the arrangement of our plant, as above described,
to operate and co-operate to secure the best, most thorough, effective and useful
results, in the most speedy convenient, and economical manner, with the greatest
practicable capacity of the plant.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said
invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we wish it understood
that we claim :-
First In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting materials,
and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a smelting
furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus provided with
a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be treated, a car or
conveyor for carrying the molten material to the centrifugal apparatus, and means for
rotating the receiving vessel, substantially as described.
Second-In a plant for smelting ores centrifugally treating the resulting materials,
and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a smelting
furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus provided with
a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be treated, and
located on a lower plane than the smelting furnace, a car or conveyor for carrying
the molten material to the centrifugal apparatus, and means for rotating the receiving
vessel, substantially as described.
Third: In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus pro-
vided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be treated,
an intermediate precipitating vessel to catch and retain the heaviest particles of the
material treated, a car or conveyor for carrying the molten material to the centrifugal
apparatus, and means for rotating the receiving vessel substantially as described.
Fourth In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus pro-
vided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, and located on a lower plane than the smelting furnace, an intermediate
precipitating vessel to catch and retain the heaviest particles of the material treated,
a car or conveyor for carrying the molten material to the centrifugal apparatus,
and means for rotating the receiving vessel, substantially as described.
Fifth In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel, adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, an intermediate storage vessel in which the molten material may be emptied
or dumped in quantity and from which it may flow in a desired stream to the
centrifugal apparatus and means for rotating the receiving vessel substantially as
described.
:
Sixth In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
sinelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, and located on a lower plane than the smelting furnace, an intermediate
storage vessel in which the molten material may be emptied or dumped in quantity
and from which it may flow in a desired stream to the centrifugal apparatus,
and means for rotating the receiving vessel, substantially as described.
Seventh-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of
a smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving-vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, an intermediate vessel in which the molten material may be emptied or

page_text: dumped in quantity, and from which it may flow in a desired stream to the centrifugal
apparatus, said vessel being arranged on a plane intermediate that of the smelting
furnace and the centrifugal apparatus, and means for rotating the receiving vessel,
substantially as described.
Eighth In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of
a smelting-furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving-vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, and located on a lower plane than the smelting-furnace, an intermediate
vossel in which the molten material may be emptied or dumped in quantity and from
which it may flow in a desired stream to the centrifugal apparatus, said vessel being
arranged on a plane intermediate that of the smelting furnace and the centrifugal
apparatus, and means for rotating the receiving vessel, substantially as described.
Ninth In a plant for sinelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of
a smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, a track or way leading from the smelting furnace to the centrifugal apparatus,
a car or conveyor for conveying the molten material along the track or way to the
centrifugal apparatus, and means for rotating the receiving vessel, substantially as
described.
Tenth In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, and located on a lower plane than the smelting furnace, a track or way
leading from the smelting furnace to the centrifugal apparatus, a car or conveyor for
conveying the molten material along the track or way to the centrifugal apparatus,
and means for rotating the receiving vessel, substantially as described.
Eleventh In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, a track or way leading from the smelting furnace to the centrifugal apparatus,
a turn table arranged in the track or way to facilitate the turning of a car or con-
veyer or transferring it from the track a car or conveyer for carrying the molten
material along the track or way to the centrifugal apparatus, and means for rotating
the receiving vessel, substantially as described.
Twelfth In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated and located on a lower plane than the smelting furnace a track or way leading
from the smelting furnace to the centrifugal apparatus, a turn table arranged in the
track or way to facilitate the turning of a car or conveyor or transferring it from the
track a car or conveyor for carrying the molten material along the track or way to
the centrifugal apparatus, and means for rotating the receiving vessel, substantially as
described.
Thirteenth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, an intermediate storage vessel in which the molten material may be emptied
or dumped in quantity and from which it may flow in a desired stream to the
centrifugal apparatus, a car for receiving and carrying away the material discharged
from the receiving vessel by the action of centrifugal force, and means for rotating
the receiving vessel, substantially as described.

page_text: Fourteenth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving-vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated and located on a lower plane than the smelting-furnace, an intermediate
storage vessel in which the molten material may be emptied or dumped in quantity
and from which it may flow in a desired stream to the centrifugal apparatus, a car
for receiving and carrying away the material discharged from the receiving vessel
by the action of centrifugal force, and means for rotating the receiving vessel, sub-
stantially as described.
Fifteenth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
number of smelting-furnaces for reducing ores to a molten condition, a number of
centrifugal apparatuses provided with revoluble receiving-vessels adapted to receive
molten material to be treated, tracks or ways communicating with the smelting-
furnaces and the centrifugal apparatuses permitting cars or conveyors carrying molten
material to be run from the smelting-furnaces to the centrifugal apparatuses, cars or
conveyors carrying the molten material along the tracks or ways to the centrifugal
apparatuses, and means for rotating the receiving vessels, substantially as described.
Sixteenth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
inaterials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
number of smelting furnaces for reducing ores to a molten condition, a number of
centrifugal apparatuses provided with revoluble receiving vessels adapted to receive
molten material to be treated and located on a lower plane than the smelting furnaces
tracks or ways communicating with the smelting furnaces and the centrifugal
apparatuses permitting cars or conveyors carrying molten material to be run from
the smelting furnaces to the centrifugal apparatuses, cars or conveyors carrying the
molten material along the tracks or ways to the centrifugal apparatuses, and means
for rotating the receiving vessels, substantially as described.
Seventeenth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
number of smelting furnaces for reducing ores to a molten condition, a number of
centrifugal apparatuses provided with revoluble receiving vessels adapted to receive
molten material to be treated, tracks or ways communicating with the smelting
furnaces and the centrifugal apparatuses permitting cars or conveyors carrying
molten material to be run from the smelting furnaces to the centrifugal apparatuses,
cars or conveyors carrying the molten material along the tracks or ways to the
centrifugal apparatuses, a track or way arranged between the centrifugal apparatuses,
a storage or precipitating vessel arranged on such track or way and movable thereon
to any desired centrifugal apparatus to operate in connection therewith, and means
for rotating the receiving vessels, substantially as described.
Eighteenth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
number of smelting furnaces for reducing ores to a molten condition, a number of
centrifugal apparatuses provided with revoluble receiving vessels adapted to receive
molten material to be treated and located on a lower plane than the smelting furnaces,
tracks or ways communicating with the smelting furnaces and the centrifugal
apparatuses permitting cars or conveyors carrying molten material to be run from
the smelting furnaces to the centrifugal furnaces cars or conveyors carrying the
molten material along the tracks or ways to the centrifugal apparatuses, a track or
way arranged between the centrifugal apparatuses on a plane intermediate that of the
smelting furnaces and the centrifugal apparatuses, a storage or precipitating vessel
arranged on such track or way and movable thereon to any desired centrifugal
apparatus to operate in connection therewith and means for rotating the receiving
vessels, substantially as described.
Nineteenth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the. resulting
materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
R

page_text: number of smelting furnaces for reducing ores to a molten condition, a number of
centrifugal apparatuses provided with revoluble receiving vessels adapted to receive
molten material to be treated, tracks or ways communicating with the smelting
furnaces and the centrifugal apparatuses permitting cars or conveyors carrying molten
material to be run from the smelting furnaces to the centrifugal apparatuses cars or
conveyors carrying the molten material along the tracks or ways to the centrifugal
apparatuses, a track or way arranged between the centrifugal apparatuses, a storage
or precipitating vessel arranged on such track or way and movable thereon to any
desired centrifugal apparatus to operate in connection therewith, a car for receiving,
carrying away, and disposing of the material treated by the action of centrifugal
force, a track or way along which such car can move and communicate with the
centrifugal apparatuses, and means for rotating the receiving vessels, substantially as
described.
Twentieth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
number of smelting furnaces, for reducing the ores to a molten condition, a number
of centrifugal apparatuses provided with revoluble receiving vessels adapted to receive
molten material to be treated and located on a lower plane than the smelting furnaces,
tracks or ways communicating with the smelting furnaces and the centrifugal
apparatuses permitting cars or conveyors carrying molten material to be run from
the smelting furnaces to the centrifugal apparatuses, car for conveyors carrying the
molten material along the tracks or ways to the centrifugal apparatuses, a track or
way arranged between the centrifugal apparatuses on a plane intermediate that of the
smelting furnaces and the centrifugal apparatuses, a storage or precipitating vessel
arranged on such track or way and movable thereon to any desired centrifugal
apparatus to operate in connection therewith, a car for receiving, carrying away,
and disposing of the material treated by the action of a centrifugal force, a track or
way along which such car can move and communicate with the centrifugal
apparatuses, and means for rotating the receiving vessels, substantially as described.
Twenty-first-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
number of smelting furnaces for reducing ores to a molten condition, a number of
centrifugal apparatuses provided with revoluble receiving vessels adapted to receive
molten material to be treated, cars or conveyors for carrying the molten material to
the centrifugal apparatuses, a track or way communicating with each of the
centrifugal apparatuses, a storage or precipitating vessel arranged on such track or
way and movable thereon to any desired centrifugal apparatus to operate in
connection therewith, and means for rotating the receiving vessels, substantially as
described.
Twenty-second-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the
resulting materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the com-
bination of a number of smelting furnaces for reducing ores to a molten condition,
a number of centrifugal apparatuses provided with revoluble receiving vessels adapted
to receive molten material to be treated and located on a lower plane than the
smelting furnaces, cars or conveyors for carrying the molten material to the centrifugal
apparatuses, a track or way communicating with each of the centrifugal apparatuses,
on a plane. intermediate that of the smelting furnaces and the centrifugal apparatuses,
a storage or precipitating vessel arranged on such track or way and movable thereon
to any desired centrifugal apparatus to operate in connection therewith, and means for
rotating the receiving vessels, substantially as described.
Twenty-third: In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the
resulting materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the com-
bination of a number of smelting furnaces for reducing ores to a molten condition
a number of centrifugal apparatuses provided with revoluble receiving vessels adapted
to receive molten material to be treated, cars or conveyors for carrying the molten
material to the centrifugal apparatuses, a track or way communicating with each of
the centrifugal apparatuses, a storage or precipitating vessel arranged on such track

page_text: or way and movable thereon to any desired centrifugal apparatus to operate in
connection therewith, a car for receiving, carrying away, and disposing of the
material treated by the action of centrifugal force, a track or way along which such
car can move and communicate with the centrifugal apparatuses, and means for
rotating the receiving vessels, substantially as described.
Twenty-fourth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the
resulting materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the com-
bination of a number of smelting furnaces for reducing ores to a molten condition, a
number of centrifugal apparatuses provided with revoluble receiving vessels adapted
to receive molten material to be treated and located on a lower plane than the
smelting furnaces, cars or conveyors for carrying the molten material to the centrifugal
apparatuses, a track or way communicating with each of the centrifugal apparatuses
on a plane intermediate that of the smelting furnaces and the centrifugal apparatuses,
a storage or precipitating vessel arranged on such track or way and movable thereon
to any desired centrifugal apparatuses to operate in connection therewith, a car for
receiving, carrying away, and disposing of the material treated by the action of
centrifugal force, a track or way along which such car can move and communicate
with the centrifugal apparatuses, and means for rotating the receiving vessels,
substantially as described.
Twenty-fifth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, a car or conveyor for carrying the molten material to the centrifugal
apparatus, a tramway overhanging the centrifugal apparatus, a derrick or tackle car
movable along such tramway and adapted to raise and carry the receiving vessel to the
place for emptying its contents, and means for rotating the receiving vessel, substantially
as described.
Twenty sixth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace, for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be treated
and located on a lower plane than the smelting furnace, a car or conveyor for carrying
the molten material to the centrifugal apparatus, a tramway overhanging the centrifugal
apparatus, a derrick or tackle car movable along such tramway and adapted to raise
and carry the receiving vessel to the place for emptying its contents, and means for
rotating the receiving vessel, substantially as described.
Twenty seventh: In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the
resulting materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combina-
tion of a number of smelting furnaces for reducing ores to a molten condition, a
number of centrifugal apparatuses provided with revoluble receiving vessels adapted
to receive molten material to be treated, cars or conveyors for carrying the molten
material to the centrifugal apparatuses, a tramway overhanging the centrifugal
apparatus, a derrick or tackle car movable along such tramway and adapted to raise
and carry the receiving vessel to the place for emptying its contents, a car for receiving,
carrying away and disposing of the material treated by the action of centrifugal
force, a track or way along which such car can move and communicate with the
centrifugal apparatuses a means for rotating the receiving vessels, substantially as
described.
Twenty eighth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the
resulting materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combina-
tion of a number of smelting furnaces for reducing ores to a molten condition, a
number of centrifugal apparatuses provided with revoluble receiving vessels adapted
to receive molten material to be treated and located on a lower plane than the smelting
furnaces, cars or conveyors for carrying the molten material to the centrifugal
apparatuses, a tramway overhanging the centrifugal apparatus, a derrick or tackle
car movable along such tramway and adapted to raise and carry the receiving vessel

page_text: to the place for emptying its contents, a car for receiving, carrying away and disposing
of the material treated by the action of centrifugal force, a track or way along which
such car can move and communicate with the centrifugal apparatuses and means for
rotating the receiving vessels substantially as described.
Twenty ninth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, and located in a trench excavation or depression which wholly or partially
receives it and which is provided with sufficient covering to afford a surface to permit
operations over or about the top of the apparatus, a car or conveyor for carrying the
molten material to the centrifugal apparatus, and means for rotating the receiving
vessel, substantially as described.
Thirtieth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, and located in a trench excavation or depression which wholly or partially
receives it and which is provided with sufficient covering to afford a surface to permit
operations over and about the top of the apparatus, an intermediate precipitating vessel
to catch and retain the heaviest particles of the material treated, a car or conveyor
for carrying the molten material to the centrifugal apparatus, and means for rotating
the receiving vessel, substantially as described.
Thirty first: In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of, a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated and located in a trench excavation or depression which wholly or partially
receives it and which is provided with sufficient covering to afford a surface to permit
operations over or about the top of the apparatus, an intermediate storage vessel
in which the molten material may be emptied or dumped in quantity and from
which it may flow in a desired stream to the centrifugal apparatus and means for
rotating the receiving vessel, substantially as described.
Thirty second-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, and located in a trench excavation or depression which wholly or partially
receives it and which is provided with sufficient covering to afford a surface to permit
operations over or about the top of the apparatus, an intermediate vessel in which
the molten material may be emptied or dumped in quantity and from which
it may flow in a desired stream to the centrifugal apparatus, said vessel being
arranged on a plane intermediate to that of the smelting furnace and the centri-
fugal apparatus and means for rotating the receiving vessel, substantially as
described.
Thirty third-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a revoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated and located in a trench excavation or depression which wholly or partially
receives it, and which is provided with sufficient covering to afford a surface to permit
operations over or about the top of the apparatus an intermediate storage vessel in
which the molten material may be emptied or dumped in quantity and from which it
may flow in a desired stream to the centrifugal apparatus, a car for receiving and
carrying away the material discharged from the receiving vessel by the action
of centrifugal force, and means for rotating the receiving" vessel, substantially as
described.

page_text: Thirty fourth-In a plant for smelting ores and centrifugally treating the resulting
materials, and handling and disposing of the materials treated, the combination of a
smelting furnace for reducing ores to a molten condition, a centrifugal apparatus
provided with a rovoluble receiving vessel adapted to receive molten material to be
treated, and located in a trench or excavation which wholly or partially receives it and
which is provided with sufficient covering to afford a surface to permit operations
over or about the top of the apparatus, a car or conveyor for carrying the molten
material to the centrifugal apparatus, a tramway overhanging the centrifugal apparatus,
a derrick or tackle car movable along such tramway and adapted to raise and carry
the receiving vessel to the place for emptying its contents, and means for rotating the
receiving vessel, substantially as described.
Dated thie 0th day of July 1889
HASELTINE, LAKE & Co.,
45, Southampton Buildings, London, Agents for the Applicant.