Improvements in or relating to Jacquard Apparatus.
Year: 1896

page_text: Date of Application, 18th Apr., 1896
Complete Specification Lett, 24th Dec., 1896-Accepted, 6th Feb., 1897
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Jacquard Apparatus.
We, JAN SZCZEPANIK, Civil Engineer, and LUDWIG KLEINBERG,, Banker,
both of 1, Bartensteingasse 16, Vienna Empire of Austria, do hereby declare the
nature of this invention to be as follows:-
The present invention relates to a loom in which electricity is employed so
as to render unnecessary the use of the pattern cards hitherto used in Jacquard
looms.
The shedding motion in this loom is obtained by closing or interrupting an
electric current, acting on the mechanism for lifting the warp, directly by a pattern
or drawing on which conducting and non-conducting parts alternate in a certain
order according to the design to be produced.
The circuit closed or interrupted by means of contacts according to whether
they touch conducting or non-conducting parts of the pattern.
This pattern or drawing may be made of a bad conductor of electricity, for
instance, of paper perforated in places where contact ought to be made and
provided in such places with a good conductor of electricity or by placing it on a
conducting plate. A similar effect may also be obtained by producing on a
conducting plate interruption places by attaching to it suitably shaped pieces of
some bad conductor.
A contact plate is let into a plate or board and is connected with one pole of
a source of electricity by a binding screw.
The side edges of the board form guides for a frame in which is fixed the pattern
produced as described.
The pattern is formed in accordance with the design to be produced in the
fabric and is composed of squares forming the contact and interruption places of
the pattern.
For the sake of completeness it must be mentioned that the production of the
pattern out of a conducting plate is effected by first drawing the design on a
transparent tracing paper and then transferring it in the usual way by carbon
pigment impression to a metallic plate (for instance. a tin foil plate). The squares
covered with the non-conducting carbon pigment form the interruption places, the
uncovered metallic surface forming the contact places of the pattern.
On the lateral edges of the frame carrying the pattern there are racks and on
the standard of the loom, carrying the board there is fixed an engaging and
disengaging mechanism of the usual construction, which mechanism is operated
after each passage of the shuttle by means of a rod from the treadle of the loom
by the aid of any well-known transmission mechanism, so that the frame carrying
the pattern is pushed forward each time the length of one tooth.
Should the pattern and therefore the frame be too large, it is advisable to
guide the pattern in the well-known way over two rollers as an endless band and
to move it forward by jerks by means of an engaging and disengaging gear of
well-known construction.
The closing or the interruption of the circuit is effected by contacts which are
mprisoned in a row between two insulating plates and are bent below into hook-
hape, so that a close contact with the open places of the pattern is secured.
As the pitch of the racks is equal to the side of the squares of the pattern
o one row of squares of the pattern after another will be brought under the
contacts.

page_text: In order to protect the layer of pigment forming the interruption places the
insulating plates carrying the contacts are lifted off from the pattern each time that
the latter is moved.
For this purpose there is pivotted on the standard a bell crank lever which also is
operated by the rod working the engaging and disengaging mechanism.
From each contact there is a conductor or wire to an electro-magnet and all these
electro-magnets are secured to or in a box which contains the hooks.
The lower ends of the hooks are connected with heddles producing the lifting of
the warp threads..
Each electro-magnet is connected by a wire with a metallic pin or contact of a
segment shaped switch board on which there is a gliding switch lever_connected
to the second pole of the source of electricity.
This switch lever is moved from the treadle by means of a connecting rod
and at each movement of the treadle the lever moves over the whole switch
board.
Owing to the described arrangement only those of the electro-magnets will
be excited, the contacts of which touch conducting places of the pattern.
The corresponding armature of such electro-magnets will therefore be attracted
whereby the hook shaped end of this armature will be retracted from a notch in
the corresponding hook. The latter is then drawn upwards by the action of
a spring, so that a second notch in the hook comes to the level of the griffe bar.
This griffe bar is guided in the vertically movable griffe box and is
connected to a bell crank lever which is hinged to a lever operated from the
treadle.
This latter lever is connected by a cord with the griffe box, so that, when the
longer arm of the lever is lifted by the treadle, at first only the bell crank lever
holding the griffe bar is turned whereby the end of the griffe bar enters into
the upper notch in hook. Meanwhile the cord is stretched and then the whole
griffe box is lifted and with it such hooks as are disengaged by the corre-
sponding electro-magnets so that the shed is formed in a manner corresponding
to the pattern.
It is obvious that the several mechanisms described above may be modified
without departing from the spirit of the invention.
In all cases care must be taken that the movement of the pattern takes place earlier
or later than the excitement of the electro-magnets, which can be easily effected by
choosing a suitable lever or transmission mechanism.
The arrangement of loom described, besides the advantage of enabling pattern-
cards to be dispensed with, has the advantage of allowing the warp to be placed
vertically, and the older looms to be easily and without great outlay arranged,
according to the present system, besides enabling the operative parts of the loom
to be arranged on each side of or under the warp.
Dated this 15th day of Anvil 1806
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in or relating to Jacquard Apparatus.
We, JAN SZCZEPANIK, Civil Engineer and LUDWIG KLEINBERG, Banker
both of 1 Bartensteingasse 16, Vienna, Empire of Austria do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The present invention relates to a loom in which electricity is employed so
We, JAN SZCZEPANIK, Civil Engineer and LUDWIG KLEINBERG, Banker
both of 1 Bartensteingasse 16, Vienna, Empire of Austria do hereby declare the
nature of this invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, to be
particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement :-
The present invention relates to a loom in which electricity is employed so

page_text: For this purpose there is pivotted on the standard g a bell crank lever_m,
which also is operated by the rod working the engaging and disengaging
mechanism.
From each contact & there is a conductor or wire k¹ to an electromagnet n, and
all these electromagnets n are secured to or in a box o, which contains the
hooks p.
The lower ends p¹ of the hooks are connected with heddles p producing the
lifting of the warp threads q.
Each electromagnet n is connected by a wire with a metallic pin or contact r¹ of
a segment shaped switchboard v, on which is a switch lever 2 connected to the
second pole of the source of electricity c.
This switch lever is moved from the treadle by means of a connecting rod ³,
and at each movement of the treadle the lever moves over the whole switch
board.
Owing to the described arrangement only those of the electro-magnets n will be
excited, the contacts k of which touch conducting places of the pattern f.
The corresponding armature n¹ of such electro-magnets will therefore be
attracted, whereby the hook-shaped end n² of this armature will be retracted from
a notch p³ in the corresponding hook p. The latter is then carried upwards by
the action of a spring p, so that a second notch p³ in the hook comes to the level
of the griffe bar s.
This griffe bar s is guided in the vertically movable griffe box t and is connected
to a bell crank lever s¹, which is hinged to a lever u operated from the treadle
(Fig. 1).
The lever u is connected by a cord u' to the griffe box t, so that, when the
longer arm of the lever u is lifted by the treadle, at first only the bell crank
lever s holding the griffe bar s, is turned in the direction of the arrow j, whereby
the end of the griffe bar s enters into the upper notch p in the hook. Meanwhile
the cord or spring u¹ is stretched and then the whole griffe box t is lifted and with
it such hooks p are lifted, as are disengaged by the corresponding electro-
magnets n, so that the shed is formed in a manner corresponding to the
pattern.
It is obvious that the several mechanisms described above and represented
in the drawings may be modified without departing from the spirit of the
invention.
In all cases care must be taken that the movement of the pattern takes place
earlier or later, than the exciting of the electro-magnets, which can be easily
effected by employing a suitable lever or transmission mechanism.
The arrangement of loom described besides the advantage of enabling pattern-
cards to be dispensed with, has the advantage of allowing the warp to be placed
vertically and the older looms to be easily and without great outlay arranged
according to the present system, besides enabling the operative parts of the loom to
be arranged on each side of or under the warp.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we
claim is
1. An electric loom, in which the shedding motion is produced by opening or
closing an electric circuit actuating mechanism for lifting the warp thread directly
by means of a "pattern card" or plate which is formed of conducting and
non-conducting parts which are arranged in accordance with the design to be
produced.
2. In an electric loom as set forth in the preceding claim, a "pattern card"
consisting of a metallic or other conducting plate which is made non-conductive in
certain predetermined places by covering it with suitable carbon pigment.
3. In an electric loom of the kind set forth in Claim 1 a
pattern card"
consisting of paper or a bad or non-conductor of electricity which is perforated in

page_text: places where it is intended to produce contact and provided in such places with a
good conductor or placed on a conducting plate.
4. In an electric loom of the kind described the arrangement of contacts (k).
which are connected to electro-magnets (n), the armatures (n) of which engage
with the hooks (p) connected to the warps (9) these hooks becoming disengaged
when the corresponding electro-magnets (n) is excited by closing the electric
circuits, substantially as described.
5. In an electric loom of the kind described the device for lifting the hooks (p).
for the purpose of forming a shed, the device consisting of a griffe bar (s) placed in-
a vertically movable griffe box t, which griffe bar is operated from the treadle of the
loom in such a manner as to engage with the disengaged hook and to lift it during
the upward movement of the box (t) substantially as described..
6. In an electric loom of the kind described in Claim 1 the arrangement of a.
switch () connected with one pole of the source of electricity (c) and passing over
the switchboard (r), which switch moves over the whole of the board at each
movement of the treadle and in its movement touches, one after the other, all the-
contact pins thereon, which are insulated one from the other each pin being
connected with one of the electro-magnets (n) so that those electromagnets will be
excited which have their contact k touching a conducting part of the pattern,.
substantially as described.
7. The combination and arrangement of parts for operating the warp threads in.
a loom substantially as described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Dated this 94th dox of December 1896.
BOULT & WADE,
Agents for the Applicants..