IMPROVEMENT UPON THE BUTTER CHURN FOR THE MORE EXPEDITIOUS MAKING OF BUTTER, AND PREVENTING ITS BECOMING RANCID OR OILY IN THE PROCESS
Year: 1792

page_text: TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, RICHARD
MARCH, of Barnstaple, in the County of Devon, Manufacturer, send greeting.
WHEREAS His present most Excellent Majesty King George the Third, by
His Letters Patent under the Great Seal of Great Britain, bearing date at West-
minster, the Eighteenth day of October, in the thirty-second year of His reign,
did give and grant unto me, the said Richard March, my executors, adminis-
trators, and assigns, His especial licence, full power, sole privilege and autho-
rity, that I, the said Richard March, my executors, administrators; and
assigns, by myself and themselves, or by my or their deputy or deputies,
servants or agents, or such others as I, the said Richard March, my executors,
administrators, or assigns, should at any time agree with, and no others, from
time to time and at all times thereafter during the term of years therein
expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend, my
"IMPROVEMENT UPON THE BUTTER CHURN FOR THE MORE EXPEDITIOUS MAKING OF
BUTTER, AND PREVENTING ITS BECOMING RANCID OR OILY IN THE PROCESS," within that
part of His Majesty's Kingdom of Great Britain called England, His
Dominion of Wales, and Town of Berwick-upon-Tweed, in such manner as to
me, the said Richard March, my executors, administrators, and assigns, or any
of us should in our discretion seem meet; in which said Letters Patent is
contained a proviso, that if I, the said Richard March, should not particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner
the same is to be performed, by an instrument in writing under my hand and

page_text: scal, and cause the same to be inrolled in His Majesty's High Court of Chancery
within one calendar month next and immediately after the date of the said
Letters Patent, that then the said Letters Patent, and all liberties and
advantages whatsoever thereby granted, should utterly cease, determine, and
become void, anything therein-before contained to the contrary thereof in any-
wise notwithstanding, as in and by the said Letters Patent, relation being
thereunto had, may more fully and at large appear.
Fig. 10, the handle.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Richard March, in pursuance of and in
compliance with the said proviso, do hereby describe and ascertain the nature
of my said Invention, and declare the same is described in the Plan drawn
hereupon, and by the references thereto, as after mentioned; that is to say:-
Fig. 1, the shaft. Fig. 2 and 3, the cross rails. Fig. 4 and 5, the flap
boards. Fig. 6, the head board. Fig. 7, the stay. Fig. 8, the cross with
four rollers. Fig. 9. the winch.
Fig. 11, a represen-
tation of all the detached parts put together in order to be put in the barrel
part of the churn to make butter. Fig. 12, the barrel part of the
churn. Fig. 18, a scale to make the respective parts proportionate. Put
the cross rails in the shaft at a, a, and wedge them fast at b; put two of
the flap boards, Fig. 4, in one of the cross rails at c, c, and two of Fig. 5 in
the other cross rail at d, d, and pin them fast together as seen in Fig. 11.
Screw Fig. 7 to the bottom of Fig. 6 at e, c, e, e, and stop up the screw holes
in the head board with wood; put Fig. 6 and 7 so screwed together in tho
shaft at f; put the cross on the shaft at g, and pin it fast at h; put the winch
on the shaft at i, and pin it; put the handle on the iron spindle of the
winch at k, and screw the nut on as seen at ?, and stop the hole in the handlo
with wood at m; but as wood will swell in wet and contract in dry weather,
the cross rails and splash boards must be made small enough to fit the barrel
cf the churn without touching or rubbing in its motion. The whole will then
be ready for use, as seen at Fig. 11; when the cream is put into the barrel
place Fig. 11 in it, and the head board at n, n, and turn the winch until the
butter be made. To make these churns answer the purpose, measure each
part or figure and work by them according to the annexed Drawings, which are
nearly the exact size of each part for a sinall churn, according to the scale
Fig. 18. The whole of the internal apparatus being calculated to work in the
barrel so as to prevent any part of the wood rubbing against the other where
the cream is, and all the moving parts being suspended by the top cross or
rollers which support them by moving circularly on the head board, no
butter can be oiled or made rancid by friction. This inconvenience having
generally been the consequence of making butter by former churns, from no

page_text: method having been found before to prevent the cream communicating with
the axis, this new Improvement will consequently make the butter cleaner,
more expeditiously, and so as to preserve it sweet a much longer time than by
any other method of churning that has yet been adopted.
In witness whereof, I, the said Richard March, have hereunto set my
hand and scal, the Second day of November, in the year of our Lord
One thousand seven hundred and ninety-two
JOHN WILLIAMS,
of Barnstaple, Attorney at Law.
AND BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the Second day of November,
in the thirty-third year of the reign of His Majesty King George the
Third, the said Richard March came before our said Lord the King, and
acknowledged the Instrument aforesaid, and all and every thing therein
contained and specified, in form above written. And also the Instrument
aforesaid was stamped according to the tenor of the several Statutes made in
the sixth year of the reign of the late King and Queen William and Mary
of England, and so forth, and in the seventeenth and twenty-third years of the
reign of His present Majesty King George the Third.
Inrolled the Seventh day of November, in the year above written.