CERTAIN IMPROVE- MENTS IN THE MODE OR MODES OF GENERATING OR PRODUCING ELASTIC VAPOURS TUT F BE USED AS A MOTITE PO
Year: 1862

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Daniel Gallafent, of 15, Stepney Causeway, in the
County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MODE OR MODES OF GENERATING OR PRODUCING ELASTIC VAPOURS
TUT
F
"
Daniel
County of Middlesex, Engineer, for the Invention of "CERTAIN IMPROVE-
MENTS IN THE MODE OR MODES OF GENERATING OR PRODUCING ELASTIC VAPOURS.
TO BE USED AS A MOTITE POwen."
Sealed the 29th July 1862, and dated the 5th February 1862.
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Daniel Gallafent at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the 5th
February 1862.
I, DANIEL GALLAFENT, of 15, Stepney Causway, in the County of Middle-
sex, Engineer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for "CERTAIN
IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OR MODES OF GENERATING OR PRODUCING ELASTIC
VAPOURS TO BE USED AS A MOTIVE POWER," to be as follows, that is to say :-
The nature or peculiarity of my Invention consists in causing the caloric
and other products of combustion to pass into and mix with the water to
be evaporated, and also with the steam; in other words in place of generating
steam or the vapour of water entirely by conduction through iron or copper
plates as heretofore, I produce the steam or elastic vapour by forcing the
heat of the fire or caloric, and other products of combustion into the water
contained in the boiler, which heat caloric and gaseous products from
the fire, after acting upon a portion of the boiler in the usual manner are
forced into the boiler and there mixed with the water and steam, which
steam, air, or gaseous products is afterwards employed as a motive power
for driving steam engines.

page_text: SPECIFICATION in pursuance of the conditions of the Letters Patent, filed
by the said Daniel Gallafent in the Great Seal Patent Office on the
5th August 1862.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, DANIEL
GALLAFENT, of 15, Stepney Causeway, in the County of Middlesex, Engineer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters
Patent, bearing date the Fifth day of February, in the year of our
Lord One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, in the twenty-fifth year of
Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto
me, the said Daniel Gallafent, Her special licence that I, the said Daniel
Gallafent, my executors, 'administrators, and assigns, or 'such others as I, the
said Daniel Gallafent, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should
at any time agree with, and no others, from time to time and at all times
thereafter during the term therein expressed, should and lawfully might
make, use, exercise, and vend; within the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "CER-
TAIN IMPROVEMENTS IN THE MODE OR MODES OF GENERATING OR PRODUCING ELASTIC
VAPOURS TO BE USED. AS A MOTIVE POWER," upon the condition (amongst
others) that I, the said Daniel Gallafent, my executors or administrators,
by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their hands and
seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said Inven-
tion, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the
same to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months'
next and immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
. NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Daniel Gallafent, do hereby declare
the nature of the said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be per-
formed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following
statement thereof, that is to say:-
;
The object of my Invention is to obtain an elastic vapour or mixture of
hot air and steam, to be employed as a motive power for high pressure
engines, and the manner in which I produce this compound of heated air
and steam, is by lighting a fire in a closed furnace surrounded by water and
afterwards forcing the heat and gaseous products of combustion from such
furnace into the water space of the boiler so that the water will be evaporated
by the direct application of the heat of the fire as well as by conduction, as
will be understood by the following description, reference being had unto
the Drawings hereunto annexed, in which Figure 1 represents a sectional

page_text: elevation of an apparatus for generating steam according to my Invention,
and Figure 2 is a sectional plan, taken through the line A, B, of Figure 1,
in which a, a, a, a, represents the outer case or shell of the boiler which I
prefer to be of a cylindrical form and vertical, b, b, b, b, is an inner case of the
same configuration as the shell of boiler, but smaller; so as to leave a water
space all round the fire-box. The fire-box is provided with three apertures
or openings C, D, and E, each opening being provided with a lid or cover
which can be forced against the apertures with a screw so as to make a
perfectly tight joint as will be clearly understood. The lower aperture C
communicates with the ash-pit and is therefore for removing the ashes. The
opening D which communicates with the fire-box forms the door to the
furnace, and is intended to supply the furnace with fuel, or the fuel may if
desired be supplied through the aperture E which is intended to answer
the e purpose of a chimney when first lighting the fire.; ff. f, are the fire-bars;
g, the outlet for steam, and h, Figure 2, the inlet for water supply to boiler;
i, i, represent two valves, there being four or more, for closing the openings
k, k, k; the valves i, i, which open outwards are kept to their seats with
spiral or other suitable springs; 1, 1, is a pipe for supplying the furnace with -
air to support combustion. The action of the apparatus is as follows:-
The boiler having been filled with water up to the level n, n, the lids or
covers of the apertures C, D, and E, are removed. A chimney is then placed
on the aperture E, the fire door or lid D is closed and the steam raised in
the usual manner. When the steam is up to the required pressure the
chimney is removed and the lids or covers C and E are screwed up so as to
hermetically close the openings. The engine which is made to drive an air
pump, is then started and air is forced through the pipe into the ash-pit
for supporting combustion. It will therefore be seen that all the heat and
gaseous products of combustion must pass through the apertures k, k, k, into
the boiler below the water level so as to mix with the water, which will con-
sequently be evaporated by forcing amongst its particles the heated products of
the fire as well as by the heat of the fire-box plates with which the water is in
contact, the water being prevented from entering the furnace by the valves
i, i. It will be manifest that to supply the furnace with a fresh charge of
fuel the cover to opening D must be removed, but it is not anticipated that
such an operation will be required more than two or three times a day.
Having thus described the nature of my Invention and the manner in
which the same is to be performed, I would have it understood that I do
not confine myself to the precise form of apparatus herein-before described,
as the same may be varied without departing from the nature of my said

page_text: Invention, but that which I claim as of my Invention is the peculiar mode
of generating steam as heréin-before described..
In witness whereof, I, the said Daniel Gallafent, have hereunto set
my hand and seal, this 5th day of August, in the year of our Lord
One thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.
DANIEL GALLAFENT. (L.s.)