Improvements in Collar Studs.
Year: 1890

page_text: COMPLETE SPECIFICATION.
Improvements in Collar Studs.
I, HENRY OWEN of 28 Augusta Street Birmingham in the County of Warwick
Manufacturer do hereby declare the nature of my said invention and in what manner
the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement :-
My invention has for its object improvements in collar studs and refers more
particularly to those studs in which metal shanks are made movable in the pearl,
bone, or other bodies or backs of the studs the connection between the two being
formed by means of my improvements in a perfectly strong and reliable manner and
without any portion of the metal parts coming in contact with the skin of the wearer
which is so often found detrimental to the use of such studs in consequence of the
discolourization of the skin of the wearer.
In order that my invention may be clearly understood and more easily carried into
practice I have appended hereunto a double sized sheet of drawings upon which I
have fully illustrated the nature of my said improvements together with several
inodifications of the same.
Figure 1 is a section through a stud shewing my improved connection between the
shank B and body or back A.
Figure 2 is an elevation of the body A looking from the back of the stud.
Figure 3 is a similar section to Figure 1 through the body or back A previously to
the other parts being connected thereto.
Figure 4 shews side and front elevations of the cap E.
Figure 5 is a similar section to Figure 1 but shewing a modification in the con-
nection between the shank and the body of the stud.
Figure 6 is also a similar section to Figure 1 but shewing a further modification.
Figure 7 is a side elevation of Figure 6.
Figure 8 is an elevation of the body of stud looking from the front.
In carrying my invention into effect the back or body A of the stud which is
formed of pearl, ivory, bone or other suitable material is provided with the hole a¹
through which the end of the shank B is passed from the front side until it projects
from the body at the back sufficiently for the mouth of the shank to be operated upon
by tools and thus formed into the bell shape, the washer having first been
threaded on to the end of the shank. The recess or sinking a² is formed in the back
of the body A of the stud and is undersunk at the sides a so that when the cap E is
inserted and pressed down the teeth el spread out and are pressed into the A thereby
fixing the cap E and preventing the shank from being forced backwards but at the
ame time allowing sufficient liberty for the shank B to revolve or take a position at
an angle with the body A and as the face of the cap E lies below the surface of the
back of the stud no portion of metal can come in contact with the skin of the wearer.
The shank Bay be formed as a solid pin with a head or of a hollow tube with a
ixed cap as shown in Figure 5 in either of which cases it would be inserted through
he hole a from the rear of the body A after which the socket B³ would be placed
pon the pin or tube B the head D being then secured on the pin or tube B₁ Figure 5
hereby preventing the withdrawal of the shank from the rear, sufficient liberty
owever being left between the end of the socket B³ and the body A for the shank to
evolve or take an inclined position with regard to the body. A washer Fmay be
provided between the socket B3 on the pin B and the body A to prevent the
year upon the pearl or other body A arising from the movement of the edge of the
ocket B³.
For the convenience of manufacture the body A may be split into two pieces A'
nd Aº as seen in Figure 6, the end of the shank B being pressed into the bell

page_text: The shank B
mouth with the intermediate washer 68 the two pieces A and A' being secured by
the perforated locking disc A' which is formed sufficiently large to form the rim A
and to allow of being turned over at the edges A8 as seen in Figure 8 thus securing
the compound body together and giving strength to the centre of the front portion A
of the body which receives the strain of the shank B in its movement.
may be mounted without the intermediate washer 68 and the metal cap A7 may be
perforated to any design or left blank and the details and designs of the heads D
and other parts may be modified without departing from the nature of my said
invention.
The shanks may be made a fixture in each case as for instance by pressing the
cap E together against the bell mouth, the shank B would even be a fixture.
Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said inven-
tion and in what manner the same is to be performed 1 declare that what I
claim is :-
1. The improvements in collar studs such as illustrated by Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4
having the solid body A mounted upon the shank B and secured in position in the
recess a² at the back in the manner substantially as herein set forth.
2. The improvements in collar studs such as illustrated by Figure 5 having the
solid back A mounted upon the compound shank B3 and 134 and secured in the recess a²
substantially in the manner herein set forth.
3. The improvements in collar studs consisting of the hollow back in combination
with the perforated locking disc A7 in which the shank B is secured in the manner
substantially as herein set forth and as shown upon the drawings.
Dated this 15th day of Sutal.
Per pro GEORGE BARKER,
77, Colmore Row, Birmingham, Agent for Applicant.