IMPROVEMENTS IN WIRE CARD COVERING FOR CARDING WOOL, COTTON, SILK, FLAX, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES
Year: 1874

page_text: In the Matter of Letters Patent granted to ROBERT THORNTON, of Cleck-
heaton, in the County of York, Card Manufacturer, for "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WIRE CARD COVERING FOR CARDING WOOL, COTTON, SILK, FLAX, OR
OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," bearing date the sixteenth day of October,
in the year One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
THORNTON, of Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Card Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS the principal feature of novelty in the Invention for which the said
Letters Patent have been granted consists in making the cards or dents of steel
wire, and afterwards hardening and tempering them:
And whereas I (your Petitioner) so framed the Specification, filed in fulfilment of
one of the conditions contained in the said Letters Patent, as that the hardening
and tempering of the cards or dents was understood to be preferable, but not
necessary, so including teeth of soft steel, which was not new:
And whereas, in order to prevent misunderstandings, and to limit the claim to
cards or dents of hardened and tempered steel, your Petitioner is desirous, in pur-
suance of the Statute in such case made and provided, to enter a Disclaimer and
Memorandum of Alteration of a certain portion of the said Specification. That
the Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration, which your Petitioner is desirous
of entering as aforesaid, is not such Disclaimer and Alteration as will extend the

page_text: omitting or disclaiming, and doth hereby omit and disclaim, the words "which
have hitherto been made only of soft Sweedish iron," page 3, lines 11 and 12, and
the words "by preference, but not necessarily," which occur at line 17, page 3, of
the printed copies of the said Specification, printed by the Printers to Her Majesty,
and published at the Great Seal Patent Office.
The Specification so amended would then read as follows, namely:-
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT
THORNTON, of Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Card Manufacturer, send
greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her Letters Patent
bearing date the Sixteenth day of October, in the year of our Lord One
thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-ninth year of Her
reign, did for Herself, Her heirs and successors, give and grant unto me,
the said Robert Thornton, her special license that I, the said Robert Thornton,
my executors, administrators, and assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert
Thornton, my executors, administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree
with and no others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the
term therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and vend
within the United Kingom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Channel Islands, and
Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN WIRE CARD COVERING FOR
CARDING WOOL, COTTON, SILK, FLAX, OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," upon the
condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert Thornton, my executors or
administrators, by an instrument in writing under my, or their, or one of their
hands and seals, should particularly describe and ascertain the nature of the said
Invention, and in what manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same
to be filed in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent :
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Thornton, do hereby declare the
nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, to
be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement,
that is to say,-
This Invention has reference to the cards on the rollers employed in carding
engines and condensers in the manufacture of woollen and other fibrous substances;
and in consequence of the very high speed at which some of the rollers revolve,
and also the hard, gritty, and knotty substances which unavoidably get into the
material under operation, the teeth or dents of the cards have very soon worn away
or got bent and otherwise damaged, and much cost and loss of time have arisen in
recovering the rollers with new cards. Now my Invention consists in making these
cards or dents of steel wire, which are afterwards hardened and tempered by any
ordinary process of hardening and tempering steel, by which means I can make a
card which may be applied to any of the rollers used in carding and condensing
machinery far more durable than the cards made from Sweedish iron, and con-
siderable advantage is obtained by the machinery not having to stop so frequently
for the recovering of the rollers.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Thornton, have hereunto set my hand
and seal, this Sixteenth day of May, in the year of our Lord One thousand
eight hundred and seventy-seven.

page_text: I hereby grant my fiat giving leave to the above-named Robert Thornton to
file in the Great Seal Patent Office, with the Specification to which the same
relates, the above-written Disclaimer and Memorandum of Alteration.
HARDINGE S. Giffard,
24th July, 1877.

page_text: LETTERS PATENT to Robert Thornton, of Oleckheaton, in the County
of York, Card Manufacturer, for the Invention of "IMPROVEMENTS
IN WIRE CARD COVERING FOR CARDING WOOL, COTTON, SILK, FLAX, OR OTHER
FIBROUS SUBSTANCES.
"
PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION left by the said Robert Thornton at the
Office of the Commissioners of Patents, with his Petition, on the
16th October 1874.
I, ROBERT THORNTON, of Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Card
Manufacturer, do hereby declare the nature of the said Invention for
“IMPROVEMENTS IN WIRE CARD COVERING FOR CARDING WOOL, COTTON, SILK, FLAX,
OR OTHER FIBROUS SUBSTANCES," to be as follows:-
This Invention has reference to the roller commonly called the
"fancy" employed in carding engines and condensers in the manufac-
ture of woollen and other fibrous substances; and in consequence of the
very high speed at which this roller revolves, and also the hard, gritty,
and knotty substances which unavoidably gets into the material under

page_text: operation, the teeth or dents of the cards which have hitherto been made
only of soft Swedish iron have very soon worn away or got bent and
otherwise damaged, and much cost and loss of time has arisen in re-
covering the roller with new cards.
Now my Invention consists in making these cards or dents of steel 5
wire, and afterwards having them hardened and tempered by any
ordinary process of hardening and tempering steel. By this means I
obtain a card which is not only more durable than the cards made of
Swedish iron, but considerable advantage is obtained by the machinery
not having to stand so frequent for the re-covering of the "fancy" 1
roller.
SPECIFICATION in pursuance. of the conditions of the Letters Patent,
filed by the said Robert Thornton in the Great Seal Patent Office on
the 13th April 1875.
TO ALL TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, I, ROBERT ]
THORNTON, of Cleckheaton, in the County of York, Card Manufacturer,
send greeting.
WHEREAS Her most Excellent Majesty Queen Victoria, by Her
Letters Patent bearing date the Sixteenth day of October, in the year
of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-four, in the thirty-
ninth year of Her reign, did, for Herself, Her heirs and successors,
give and grant unto me, the said Robert Thornton, Her special licence
that I, the said Robert Thornton, my executors, administrators, and
assigns, or such others as I, the said Robert Thornton, my executors,
administrators, and assigns, should at any time agree with, and no
others, from time to time and at all times thereafter during the term
therein expressed, should and lawfully might make, use, exercise, and
vend, within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the
Channel Islands, and Isle of Man, an Invention for "IMPROVEMENTS IN
WIRE CARD COVERING FOR CARDING WOOL, COTTON, SILK, FLAX, OR OTHER FIBROUS
SUBSTANCES,” upon the condition (amongst others) that I, the said Robert
Thornton, my executors or administrators, by an instrument in writing
under my, or their, or one of their hands and seals, should particularly
describe and ascertain the nature of the said Invention, and in what
manner the same was to be performed, and cause the same to be filed {

page_text: in the Great Seal Patent Office within six calendar months next and
immediately after the date of the said Letters Patent.
NOW KNOW YE, that I, the said Robert Thornton, do hereby declare
the nature of my said Invention, and in what manner the same is to
be performed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by
the following statement, that is to say :-
:-
This Invention has reference to the cards on the rollers employed in
carding engines and condensers in the manufacture of woollen and other
fibrous substances; and in consequence of the very high speed at which
some of the rollers revolve, and also 'the hard, gritty, and knotty sub-
stances which unavoidably gets into the material under operation, the
teeth or dents of the cards, which have hitherto been made only of soft
Sweedish iron, have very soon worn away or got bent and otherwise
damaged, and much cost and loss of time has arisen in re-covering the
rollers with new cards.
Now my Invention consists in making these cards or dents of steel
wire, which (by preference, but not necessarily so) are afterwards
hardened and tempered by any ordinary process of hardening and
tempering steel, by which means I can make a card which may be
applied to any of the rollers used in carding and condensing machinery
far more durable than the cards made from Sweedish iron, and con-
siderable advantage is obtained by the machinery not having to stop so
frequently for the re-covering of the rollers.
In witness whereof, I, the said Robert Thornton, have hereunto
set my hand and seal, this Ninth day of April, in the year of
our Lord One thousand eight hundred and seventy-five.
0
Signed, sealed, and delivered,
by the within-named Robert
Thornton, in the presence of
J. G. HEY.
JOHN BERRY.
ROBERT THORNTON. (L.s.)